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HISTORY 


The  Military  Company  of  the  Massachusetts 


NOW    CALLED 


The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company 

of  Massachusetts. 


16^7-1888. 


By   OLIVER    AYER    ROBERTS, 

« 1 

HISTORIAN   OF  THE  COMPANY. 


VOLUME   II. — 1738-1821. 


BOSTON: 

ALFRED     MUDGE    &    SON,    PRINTERS, 

24   Franklin   Street. 

,897. 


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THIS    VOLUME 
30  <S>tbxc<xUb  to  tt>i.  (JYUmoty 

OF 

MAJOR-GENERAL  WILLIAM   HEATH   (1765), 
MAJOR-GENERAL   JOHN    BROOKS    (1786), 
MAJOR-GENERAL  BENJAMIN   LINCOLN   (1786), 
MAJOR-GENERAL  JOHN    HULL   (1788), 

OFFICERS    IN   THE   REVOLUTIONARY    WAR 

AND    MEMBERS    OF 

THE    ANCIENT   AND    HONORABLE    ARTILLERY   COMPANY, 
WHO,   WITH   THEIR   COMRADES    IN   ARMS, 

"...  Shook  the  feudal  tower, 
And  shattered  slavery's  chain  as  well; 
On  the  sky's  dome,  as  on  a  bell, 
Its  echo  struck  the  world's  great  hour." 


ARMORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND   HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY 

of  massachusetts. 

Faneuil  Hall,  Boston, 
December  25,   1896. 

To  the  Members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  of  Massachusetts  : 

The    Committee   on   Military   Museum   and    Library  have   now    the    pleasure    of 

presenting  the  second  volume  of  the  History,  from  June  1,  1738,  to  June  1,  1822. 
The    third   volume    is    now  well   under   way,    and    it    is    hoped    will   be    in    print 

before   the   end   of   the  present  year,  and   that  the  close  of  1898  will  find  the  fourth 

and  last  volume  completed. 

EDWARD    WYMAN,   Chairman. 
ALBERT  ALONZO   FOLSOM. 
GEORGE  HENRY  ALLEN. 
WILLIAM   PARKER  JONES. 
HENRY   WALKER. 

WILLIAM    LITHGOW   WILLEY,   Secretary. 


PRE  FACE 


rpHE  kind  reception  accorded  the  first  volume  of  the  History  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  was  extremely  gratifying  to  the  Committee  on 
Publication  and  to  the  historian  of  the  Company,  and  has  been  helpful  in  the  preparation 
of  this  second  volume. 

It  was  originally  intended  that  this  volume  should  cover  the  entire  period  of  the 
second  century  of  the  Company's  existence ;  but  the  large  number  of  members  of 
the  Company  active  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  the  prominent  parts  they  took  in  the 
stirring  events  in  and  around  Boston  during  that  period,  defeated  the  original  intention. 
This  volume,  therefore,  ends  with  the  town  government  of  Boston  (1821),  and  the  third 
volume  will  commence  with  the  year  1822,  when  the  city  government  of  Boston  was 
inaugurated. 

In  1783,  just  after  the  declaration  of  peace,  the  population  of  Boston  numbered 
about  ten  thousand;  in  1821,  forty-five  thousand.  Young  men  from  various  parts  of 
New  England  rushed  to  its  metropolis  and  established  themselves  in  trade  or  mechanical 
pursuits.  Many  of  them  became  members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  some  of  whom, 
after  a  short  residence  in  Boston,  removed  to  other  localities.  It  has  been  impossible 
to  learn  whence  some  of  them  came  or  whither  they  went.  The  facts  recorded 
concerning  these  members  are  therefore  comparatively  few. 

The  arbitrary  system  adopted  in  the  former  volume  is  continued  in  this.  Each 
year,  from  1738  to  182 1,  is  complete  in  itself.  The  records  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  are  given  in  full  in  this  and  the  preceding  volume,  from 
the  earliest  preserved  record  (1698)  until  the  year  1800.  Subsequent  to  the  last 
mentioned  date,  those  portions  of  the  records  which  are  of  value  in  presenting  a  correct 
account  of  the  Company  are  inserted  in  the  text.  During  the  present  century,  the 
records  have  been  kept  with  much  care,  and  enter  largely  into  the  details  of  Company 
affairs.  Such  matters  as  reports  of  committees  on  arrangements  for  anniversaries,  names 
and  number  of  guests  invited,  names  of  members  admitted  or  discharged,  and  minor 
details  of  Company  business  are  omitted,  while  the  essential  facts,  constituting  a  portion 
of  the  history  of  the  Company,  have  been  recorded  in  their  appropriate  places. 

The  index  of  this  volume  is  constructed  on  the  same  principle  as  that  in  the 
preceding  volume.     Every  student  of  local  history,  or  searcher  after  genealogical  facts, 


VIII  PREFACE. 

has  probably  had  his  patience  tried  in  looking  up  a  large  number  of  references,  many 
simply  trivial,  with  no  clew  as  to  which  reference  would  afford  knowledge  of  the  subject. 
To  obviate  this  perplexity,  the  first  reference  under  each  name  in  the  index  refers  to  a 
biographical  ske.tch  or  to  the  fullest  information  regarding  that  subject  in  this  volume. 
Other  references  are  incidental.  The  great  value  of  this  method  is  a  sufficient  reason 
for  a  departure  from  the  common  style. 

The  compiler  is  under  increased  obligations  to  many  persons  who  have  furnished 
biographical  data.  The  names  of  those  persons,  near  and  far,  who  have  rendered 
this  valuable  service,  are  too  many  for  enumeration.  A  part  of  them,  however,  are 
mentioned  in  the  notes. 

His  special  indebtedness  for  valuable  assistance  rendered  is  to  Mr.  John  Ward 
Dean,  editor  of  the  "New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,"  Boston, 
and  librarian  of  the  New  England  Historic  Genealogical  Society ;  also  to  Mr.  William 
Prescott  Greenlaw,  of  Cambridge,  assistant  librarian  of  the  above-named  society,  who 
has  cheerfully  rendered  every  assistance  sought  by  the  author  in  the  preparation  of  this 
volume. 

With  a  knowledge  of  its  imperfections,  but  trusting  in  their  fraternal  forbearance, 
this  volume  is  respectfully  submitted  to  the  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company. 

If  it  is  believed  that  on  these  pages  justice  has  been  done  to  the  memory  of 
those  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  who  fought  for  the 
independence  of  the  colonies,  and  of  those  who,  holding  high  civil  or  military  authority, 
fashioned  the  state,  then  the  patient  toil  of  years  will  be  amply  rewarded. 


OLIVER   A.    ROBERTS. 
Christmas  Day,  1896, 

Melrose,  Mass. 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Frontispiece  —  Faneuil  Hall,  1805,  before  Enlargement. 

Portrait  —  Daniel  Henchman  (1712) facing  page  2 

Portrait —  Joseph  Dwight  (1734) "        "  25 

Portrait  —  John  Carnes  (1733) "        "  49 

Portrait  —  Ebenezer  Storer  (1732) "        "  51 

Portrait  —  Joseph  Jackson  (1738) "        "  60 

Portrait  —  William  Taylor  (17385 "        "  99 

Portrait  —  Thomas  Marshall  (1761) ....  ug   / 

Portrait  — John  Winslow  (1764) "        "  121 

Portrait  —  Thomas  Dawes  (1754) ....  ,38 

Portrait  — James  Cunningham  (1761) ....  I^4 

Portrait  —  Williaw  Heath  (1765) "        "  162 

Portrait  —  Samuel  Barrett  (1755) "        "  165 

Portrait  —  Martin  Gay  (1761) ....  :gg 

Old  Flag  of  the  Artillery  Company ....  x^2 

Portrait — John  Brooks  (1786) ....  22^ 

Portrait — Benjamin  Lincoln  (1786) ....  22g 

Portrait  —  William  Hull  (1788) ....  2^ 

Portrait  —  Andrew  Cunningham  (1786) ....  2y0 

Portrait  —  Amasa  Davis  (1786) ....  2g0 

Punch  Bowl ....  2g6 

Portrait  —  Robert  Gardner  (1794) "        "  304 

Portrait  —  Benjamin  Russell  (1788) ....  312 

Portrait  —  James  Phillips  (1790) "        "319 

Portrait  —  Daniel  Messinger  (1792) ....  j22 

F'aneuii.  Hall,  1806,  after  Enlargement ....  ^29 

Old  Flag  of  the  Artillery  Company "        "  331 

Portrait  —  Peter  Osgood  (1797) ....  ^42  f 

Meeting-house  of  First  Church,  on  Summer  Street         ...        .        .        .  "        "351 

Portrait  —  Arnold  Welles  (181 1) ....  ^55 

Old  Flag  of  the  Artillery  Company 360,  361 

Portrait  —  John  Roulstone  (1812) facing  page  383 

Portrait — Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816) ....  ^gg 

Portrait — Ebenezer  Mattoon  (1817) ....  ^2 

Portrait  —  Zachariah  G.  Whitman  (1810) "        "401 

Portrait  — Benjamin  Loring  (1810) ....  402 

Certificate  of  Membership,  1819 _         "        "411 

Portrait  —  George  Welles  (1807) "        "  418 

Portrait  —  William  H.  Sumner  (1819) "        "  436 


HISTORY 

OF  THE 

Military  Company  of  the  Massachusetts 


NOW   CALLED 


The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company 

of  Massachusetts. 


I^HE  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  of  Massachusetts  had  but  a  moderate 
degree  of  prosperity  during  the  closing  years  of  its  first  century  and  the  opening 
years  of  its  second  century.  Immigration  had  comparatively  ceased,  currency  was 
inflated,  commerce  restricted,  industries  were  crippled,  natural  rights  and  chartered 
privileges  threatened. 

The  first  enumeration  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Boston  now  known  was  in 
1722,  during  the  prevalence  of  the  small-pox,  when  the  selectmen  ordered  a  "perlus- 
tration  of  the  town."  It  was  then  reported  that  the  number  of  inhabitants  was  10,567, 
"besides  those  who  had  died  or  removed  out  of  town."  The  same  year  Mr.  Bonner 
estimated  the  population  to  be  12,000.  This  was  probably  nearly  the  correct  number 
just  prior  to  the  appearance  of  the  small-pox  in  1722.  In  1738,  the  population  was' 
estimated  at  16,000.  From  the  latter  year  until  the  Revolution  the  population  of  the 
town  remained  nearly  stationary.  In  1776,  it  numbered  2,719  white  inhabitants  only. 
During  the  period  from  1738  to  1774  the  people  poured  out  their  treasure  and  blood  in 
various  Indian  and  French  wars,  seeking  to  maintain  the  integrity  of  the  British  posses- 
sions, and  to  add  to  their  area  and  value.  The  town  and  the  Artillery  Company  lost 
many  of  its  volunteer  soldiery  in  these  conflicts,  and  their  places  were  not  more  than 
supplied,  as  to  numbers,  by  the  new-comers. 

There  were  heavy  and  discouraging  burdens  placed  upon  the  people  by  the  British 
government,  and  the  small-pox,  in  1738,  again  showed  its  fatal  presence  among  the 
people.  The  province  and  the  town  of  Boston  labored  "under  the  greatest  hardships, 
difficulties,  and  distresses  upon  many  accounts,"  which  appeared  to  be  daily  increasing, 
without  any  prospect  of  relief. 

Notwithstanding  these  discouraging  conditions,  the  Artillery  Company  pursued  the 
even  tenor  of  its  ways,  held  its  meetings  and  drills  regularly,  and  experienced  a  healthy 
growth.  Its  members  continued  to  exercise  their  former  influence  in  town  affairs,  and 
were  prominent  in  all  public  matters.  A  majority  of  the  overseers  of  the  poor,  assessors, 
constables,  clerks  of  the  market,  and  also  many  of  those  citizens  who  held  minor  ofKces 
in  the  town  government,  were  members  of  the  Company.  Joseph  Marion,  nephew  of  John 
(1691),  was  untiring  in  his  proposal  to  the  town  to  reduce  its  annual  expenses,  and 
Capt.  Nathaniel  Cunningham  (1720)  presented  a  valuable  paper  to  the  town  as  instruc- 


2  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I73g 

tions  for  its  representatives  in  the  General  Court,  which  is  given  in  full  in  the  Boston 
Town  Records,  as  printed  by  the  Record  Commissioners,  1729-1742,  pp.  197-201. 

The  history  of  the  British  Empire  in  America,  by  Mr.  John  Oldmixon,  "which 
was  reprinted,  with  amendments  and  corrections  by  the  author,  in  1741,  gives  a  vivid 
description  of  Boston  as  it  was  when  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company 
entered  upon  the  second  century  of  its  existence.  "The  capital  of  New  England,"  says 
Mr.  Oldmixon,  "  is  Boston,  and  the  biggest  city  in  America,  except  two  or  three  on  the 
Spanish  continent.  .  .  .  The  bay  of  Boston  is  spacious  enough  to'  contain  in  a  manner 
the  navy  royal  of  England."  Castle  Inland  is  well  described,  and  the  defences  of 
Boston  are  clearly  outlined.  The  Castle  protected  the  town  vvith  one  hundred  cannon, 
and  five  hundred  men  were  exempted  from  military  duty  in  time  of  war,  "  to  be  ready  to 
attend  the  service  at  the  Castle  at  an  hour's  warning."  "There  is  a  large  pier  at  the 
bottom  of  the  bay,  eighteen  hiiiidred  or  two  thousand  feet  long,  with  a  row  of  warehouses 
on  the  north  side.  The  chief  street  of  the  town  comes  down  to  the  head  of  the  pier ;  at 
the  upper  end  of  it  is  the' Town-house,  or  Exchange,  a  fine  building,  containing  besides 
the  walk  for  the  merchants,  the  Council  Chamber,  the  House  of  Commons,  and  a  spacious 
room  for  the  courts  of  justice.'  The  Exchange  is  surrounded  with  booksellers'-shops. 
There  are  five  printing-houses,  .between  three  and  four  thousand  houses,  eight  military 
companies,  and  one  troop  of  horse,  twenty-four  thousand  population  and  ten  churches 
in  Boston.  .  .  . 

"  Trie  conversation  in  this  town  is  as  polite  as  in  most  of  the  cities  and  towns  of 
England;  many  of  their  merchants  having  traded  into  Europe,  and  those  that  staid  at 
home  having  the  advantage  of  society  with  travellers ;-  so  that  a  gentleman  from  London 
would  almost  think  himself  at  home  .at  Boston,  when- he.  observes  the  number  of  people, 
their  houses,  their  furniture,  their  tables,  their  dress  and  conversation,  which  perhaps  is 
as  splendid  and  showy  as  that  of  the  most  considerable  tradesman  in  London.  Upon 
the  whole,  Boston- is  the  most  flourishing  town  for  trade  and  commerce  in  the  English 
America.'  Near  six  hundred  sail  of  ships  have  been  laden  here  in  a  year  for  Europe 
and  the  British  plantations.  The  streets;  are -large  and  the- buildings  beautiful.  The 
goodness  of  the  pavement  may-, compare  with  most  in  London;  to  gallop  a  horse  on 
it  is  three  shillings  and  fourpence  forfeit.  .  .  .' 

"The  neck  of  land  between  -the  town  and  the  country  is  about  forty  yards  broad, 
and.  so  low  that  the  spring  tides  sometimes,  wash  the  road.  The  town  is  near  two  miles 
in  length,  and  in  some  places  three  quarters  of  a  mile  broad."  ' 


q  The  officers  elected  were  :  Daniel  Henchman  (1712),  captain  ;  Ebenezer 

I  V  ^O.  Bridge  (1 7 17),  lieutenant ;  Jeremiah  Belknap  (1724),  ensign.    Joseph  Gold- 
'    *J         thwait  (1732)  was  first  sergeant ;  William  Warner  (1733),  second   sergeant; 
John  Wendell,  Jr.  (1735),  third  sergeant;  Habijah  Savage  (1733),  fourth  sergeant,  and 
Thomas  Simpkins  (1727),  clerk.  ' . 

The  gentlemen  selected  to  visit  and  examine  the  public  schools,  June  26,  1738, 
besides  Rev.  Messrs.  Sewall,  Chauncy,  Hooper,  Mather,  and  Byles,  were  Hon.  Thomas 

1  The  British  Empire  in  America,  containing  the  history  of  the  discovery,  settlement,  progress,  and 
state  of  the  British  Colonies  of  America.     By  John  Oldmixon.     Vol.  I.,  p.  193  et  seq.'   London,  1741. 


'aflJtttizA/? 


1 738]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  3 

Hutchinson   (1694),   Hon.  Adam   Winthrop  (1694),  Hon.  Ezekiel  Lewis   (1707),  and 
Hon.  Jacob  Wendell  (1733). 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1738  were  :  John  Daniel,  Joseph 
Edwards,  Jacob  Emmons,  Samuel  Haley,  Joseph  Jackson,  Arthur  Savage,  William  Taylor, 
and  Sendall  Williams. 

John   Daniel   (1738),  a  tanner,  son  of  William  and  Dorothy  Daniel,  was  born  in 

Boston,  Nov.  6,  1700.     He  married,  (1)  Elizabeth  ,  in  1726;    (2)  Mary,  "the  only 

daughter  of  Thomas  Clark,"  (published)  Oct.  26,  1728. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  First  Church  in  Boston,  but  on  the  organization  of  the 
West  Church,  Jan.  3,  1736-7,  he  became  one  of  the  seventeen  original  members.  He 
was  an  owner  of  real  estate  in  Charlestown.  Mr.  Wyman,  in  "  Genealogies  and  Estates 
of  Charlestown,"  gives  Mr.  Daniel's  (1738)  residence  as  in  Boston. 

Joseph  Edwards  (1738),  goldsmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  (1699)  and  Civell 
(Sibell)  (Sivill)  Edwards,  and  brother  of  Capt.  Thomas  Edwards  (1724),  was  born  in 
Boston,  June  n,  1707.  His  nephew,  John,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1747. 
He  probably  lived  in  or  near  his  father's  house  on  Cornhill,  as,  in  1733,  April  18,  he  was 
assessed  eight  shillings  for  repairing  the  pump  in  Cornhill.  He  held  town  office  from 
1746  to  1752  inclusive,  and  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1742,  and 
ensign  in  1754.     In  the  provincial  militia  he  attained  the  rank  of  captain. 

Jacob  Emmons  (1738),  probably  son  of  "Jacob  Emms  and  Mary,  his  wife,"  was 
born  in  Boston,  May  16,  1701.     He  married  Mary  — —  in  1727. 

He  held  office  in  the  town  of  Boston  in  1740,  1743,  and  1745.  At  a  meeting  of  the 
selectmen,  June  6,  1744,  "Voted,  that  Mr.  Jacob  Emmons  [1738]  be  prosecuted  for 
receiving  one  Eliza  Wormwood  into  his  house  from  Lynn  and  not  informing  thereof  as 
the  law  directs."     He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1742. 

Samuel  Haley  (1738),  son  of  "William  and  Sarah  Healey  [Haley],"  was  born 
.in  Boston,  Sept.  n,  17 15. 

He  served  as  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1753,  and  resided  at  "the  South  End,"  on 
"Orange  Street."  He  was  a  member  of  the  Boston  militia,  and  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  lieutenant. 

Joseph  Jackson  (1738),  distiller,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1707,  and  married,  May  1, 
1732,  Susannah  Gray.  They  were  the  parents  of  Col.  Henry  Jackson.  Joseph  Jackson 
(1738)  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1742,  ensign  in  1746,  lieutenant 
in  1749,  and  captain  in  1752.  He  succeeded  Col.  Phillips  (1725)  as  treasurer  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1763,  and  continued  in  that  office  until  the  Revolution.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity ;  he  attended  the  installation  ceremony  at  Concert 
Hall,  Oct.  1,  1755,  when  Jeremy  Gridley,  Esq.,  was  installed  as  grand  master  of  Masons 
in  North  America,  and  walked  in  the  Masonic  procession,  as  grand  treasurer,  at  the 
interment  of  the  remains  of  M.  W.  Jeremy  Gridley,  Sept.  12,  1767. 

Joseph  Edwards  (1738).    Authority:  Bos-  ords  of  Bjston  Selectmen,  1 752-1 772;  Hill's  Hist, 

ton  Records.  of  Old  South  Church;    Drake's  Hist,  of  the  Society 

Jacob  Emmons  (1738).     Authority:    Bos-  of  the  Cincinnati;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg., 

ton  Records.  1892;    Whitman's  Hist.   A.   and   H.  A.   Company, 

Joseph  Jackson  (1738).  Authorities  :  Rec-  Ed.  1842. 


4  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i73S 

He  was  prominently  identified  with  the  militia,  being  captain  for  several  years 
(1752-8)  of  a  Boston  company;  became  major  of  the  Boston  regiment  in  1758,  and 
was  its  colonel  from  1761  to  1766.  He  served  as  selectman  of  Boston  from  1752  to 
1760,  when,  in  March,  1761,  he  was  excused  from  serving  at  his  own  request,  but  was 
elected  again  in  1764,  and  continued  to  serve  until  1773,  when  he  declined  the  office. 
He  was  a  fireward  from  1748  to  1765,  when  he  declined,  and  was  on  the  committee, 
from  1749  to  1777,  for  the  purchasing  of  grain,  the  care  of  the  granary,  and  for  giving  all 
needful  directions  to  the  keeper  regarding  the  quantity  of  grain  to  be  sold  and  the  price 
thereof.  He  served  on  very  many  special  committees,  and  stood  side  by  side  with 
Hancock,  Adams,  Molineaux,  etc.,  during  the  stirring  events  of  his  time. 

In  1756,  an  act  was  passed  by  the  General  Court  authorizing  the  town  of  Boston  to 
have  a  series  of  lotteries,  "  for  raising  monies  to  pave  and  repair  the  Neck."  ■  Col.  Jackson 
(1738)  was  one  of  the  managers  named  in  the  act.  Nine  drawings  were  made  prior 
to  March,  1760,  the  board  of  managers  remaining  the  same. 

He  became  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church,  Aug.  18,  1754,  and  was  very 
active  in  its  affairs.     He  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace,  Sept.  14,  1756. 

Col.  Jackson  (1738)  was  one  of  a  committee  of  the  town  which  waited  on  Lord 
Colvil  in  1752,  Gov.  Pownall  in  1760,  and  Gov.  Bernard  in  1768,  presenting  con- 
gratulatory addresses  from  the  town  of  Boston.  In  1766,  at  a  critical  time,  he  was  on 
the  important  committee  concerning  the  secret  depositions  accusing  prominent  men  and 
injuring  the  town.  James  Otis  was  chairman;  Col.  Jackson's  (1738^  name  stands  next, 
and  John  Hancock's  third.  In  1768,  the  regiments  arrived  in  Boston  from  Halifax  and 
Ireland,  and  troubles  multiplied.  The  invasion  of  the  town,  the  seizing  and  impressment 
of  inhabitants  of  Boston,  the  obstruction  of  navigation,  and  the  menace  of  famine,  incited 
the  people  to  address  the  governor  and  ask  that  the  war-ship  "  Romney  "  leave  the 
harbor.  A  true  statement  of  affairs  was  likewise  sent  to  the  London  agent.  In  these 
patriotic  offices  Col.  Jackson  (1738)  shared. 

Oct.  4,  1769,  with  the  Messrs.  Cushing,  Samuel  and  John  Adams,  Otis,  Warren, 
etc.,  Col.  Jackson  (1738)  was  appointed  to  vindicate  the  character  of  the  town  from 
false  representations  contained  in  memorials  to  the  king ;  and  a  little  later  he  was  one 
of  the  committee  which  transmitted  the  town's  vote  of  thanks  to  Col.  Barre"  for  waiting 
upon  the  sovereign  in  person  and  presenting  their  petition.  He  was  one  of  the  select- 
men of  Boston,  March  6,  1770,  the  day  after  the  Massacre,  and  was  one  of  a  committee 
to  wait  on  the  lieutenant-governor  and  inform  him  that  "  it  is  the  opinion  of  the  town  that 
the  inhabitants  and  the  soldiery  can  no  longer  dwell  together  in  safety."  "The  imme- 
diate removal  of  troops  was  demanded."  Col.  Jackson  (1738)  set  and  maintained  a 
military  watch  while  the  meeting  of  March  6  was  in  session. 

June  24,  1771,  he  was  moderator  of  the  town  meeting,  and  was  thanked  for  his 
prompt  despatch  of  business.  He  was  also,  March  5,  1772,  one  of  a  committee  "to 
return  the  thanks  of  the  town  to  Joseph  Warren,  Esq.,  for  the  oration  delivered  by  him  at 
their  request,  in  commemoration  of  the  horrid  massacre  perpetrated  on  the  evening  of 
the  5th  of  March,  1770,  by  a  party  of  soldiers  of  the  Twenty-Ninth  Regiment,  and  to 
desire  a  copy  thereof  for  the  press." 

He  was  about  seventy-five  years  of  age  when  he  ceased  to  hold  public  office.  His 
continuance  therein,  his  military  promotions,  and  the  committees  of  "  the  true  and  the 
tried"  upon  which  he  served,  evince  his  personal  ability  and  worth,  and  the  esteem  and 
confidence  in  which  he  was  held  by  his  countrymen.     He  died  at  Boston,  April  10,  1790, 


,738]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  5 

aged  eighty-three  years.  He  was  buried  under  arms,  by  the  Artillery  Company,  in  the 
King's  Chapel  Burial-Ground,  though  he  was  not  in  commission  at  the  time.  A  band 
of  music,  the  first  in  Boston  on  such  an  occasion,  accompanied  the  funeral  procession. 
His  property  inventoried  over  three  thousand  pounds. 

Arthur  Savage  (1738),  son  of  Habijah  (1699)  and  Hannah  (Phillips)  (Anderson) 
Savage,  was  born  July  19,  17 15.  Thomas  (1739)  and  Capt.  Habijah  (1733)  were 
brothers  of  Capt.  Arthur  (1738).  His  marriage  does  not  appear  to  be  recorded  in 
Boston  records.  He  held  minor  town  offices  in  1738,  1750-2.  He  was  active  in  the 
militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain,  serving  in  that  capacity  at  Fort  Frederick  from 
Nov.  zi,  1740,  to  May  20,  1742. 

Capt.  Arthur  Savage  (1738)  died  Jan.  25,  1765.' 

William  Taylor  (1738),  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Ann  (Winslow)  Taylor,  of 
Milton,  was  born  in  Milton  in  1714.  He  married  (1)  Faith,  daughter  of  Knelem  and 
Abigail  (Waterman)  Winslow,  and  (2)  Nov.  30,  1749,  Sarah  Cheever,  widow  of  Capt. 
Habijah  Savage,  Jr.  (1733),  son  of  Lieut -Col.  Habijah  Savage  (1699).  He  was  iden- 
tified with  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Masonic  Fraternity. 

He  was  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1741  and  1742,  second  sergeant  in  1743, 
ensign  in  1756,  lieutenant  in  1757,  and  captain  in  1760.  He  died  at  Milton,  Mass.,2 
Feb.  16,  1789,  aged  seventy-five  years,  and  was  buried  in  King's  Chapel  Burial-Ground. 

Sendall  Williams  (1738),  cooper,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Dea.  Jonathan  Williams 
(1711),  of  the  First  Church,  and  grandson  of  Dea.  Robert  Williams.  His  mother  was 
Mary  (Hunlock)  Williams,  granddaughter  of  Samuel  Sendall.  Dea.  Jonathan  (1711) 
and  Mary  Williams  had  two  sons,  Jonathan,  Jr.  (1729),  and  Sendall  (1738).  The  latter 
was  born  Feb.  26,  1705,  and  married,  Feb.  14,  1739-40,  Elizabeth  Smart,  widow  of  John 
Smart,  of  Boston. 

Sendall  Williams  (1738)  was  appointed  by  the  selectmen,  Dec.  4,  1734,  one  of  three 
persons  to  take  care  of  the  Old  and  South  burying  places.  One  of  the  said  persons, 
with  one  assistant,  was  obliged  "  to  attend  the  funeral  of  every  white  person  at  the  gate 
of  the  burying-place,  to  conduct  the  corpse  to  the  grave,  and  to  see  the  same  covered 
up,"  and  also  to  lock  and  unlock  the  gates  at  proper  times.  The  price  for  digging  a 
grave  was  from  five  to  ten  shillings.  July  14,  1736,  being  summoned  before  the  select- 
men, Sendall  Williams  (1738)  was  informed  by  them  "That  Complaints  were  Exhibited 
him  for  his  Uncertain  and  Irregular  Ringing  the  Bell  at  9,  5,  and  11  O'clock.  He 
offered  some  Reasons  for  Excusing  the  same ;  and  withal  Signified  his  readiness  to 
resign  that  Office,  when  his  Quarter  is  up."  Upon  the  30th  of  August  following,  Mr. 
Williams  (1738)  resigned  the  care  and  ringing,  daily,  of  the  South  Church  bell.3 

Sendall  Williams  (1738).     Authority:  Bos-  the  governor's  letter-book,  which  he  secured.  •  Col. 

ton  Records.  William  Taylor   [1738]   removed  from   the   house 

1  "Boston,  Monday  28'h  1765.  Friday  after-  several  trunks  and  retained  them  for  safe  keeping, 
noon  last  died,  very  suddenly,  Capt  Arthur  Savage,  A  part  of  his  goods  were  sold  at  auction,  at  the  barn 
in  the  50'h  year  of  his  age.  His  Remains  are  to  be  of  Col.  Taylor  [1738],  standing  where  the  town- 
interred  tomorrow  afternoon." —  Boston  Newspaper.  house  [in  Mdton]  is  now  located." — Teele's  Hist. 

2  "After  the  battle  of  Lexington  the  town  of  of  Milton,  p.  143. 

Milton  removed  the  furniture  from  Gov.  Hutchin-  J  Oct.  2,   1731,  "they  hang'd  their  new  great 

son's  house,  to  save  it  from  utter  ruin.     Mr.  Samuel  bell"  at  the  South  Meeting-house.    "Weighs  1000." 

Henshaw  afterwards  visited  the  house  and  found  in  This  bell  was  first  used  for  town  purposes  in  1736. 

the  garret  a  trunk  full  of  papers,  among  which  was  —  Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South,  Church,  Vol.  I.,  p.  457. 


6  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,738 

Sendall  Williams  (1738)  served  as  constable  in  1741,  and  was  elected  culler  of 
staves  in  1745,  1746,  and  1747,  but  in  the  last  year  was  excused  from  serving.  Aug.  24, 
1737,  he  was  licensed  to  keep  a  retail  shop  in  Cold  Lane  (now  Portland  Street),  but 
in  1744  he  carried  on  the  same  business  in  School  Street. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1738  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  3,  1738.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev'd  John 
Cotton  of  Newtown,  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  sermon,  and  that  the  present 
commission  officers,  with  Mr.  Henry  Gibbs  [1726],  be  a  committee  to  request  it  of  him. 
Voted,  also,  that  Mr.  Samuel  Holyoke  [1714],  one  of  the  former  Clerks,  be  paid  the  sum 
of  ten  pounds  eight  shillings  &  seven  pence  out  of  the  publick  stock  in  the  hands  of  the 
committee ;  it  being  so  much  due  to  him  to  balance  accounts  for  monies  expended  for 
the  Company,  as  by  the  report  of  the  Committee  appointed  to  examine  the  Clerks 
accounts.  Voted,  also,  at  the  same  time,  that  the  sum  of  eight  pounds  be  paid  to 
Thomas  Johnson  out  of  their  publick  stock  in  full  of  his  account  for  painting  of  drums 
for  the  Company's  use. 

"May  1,  1738.  Under  arms.  The  committee  appointed  to  acquaint  the  Rev'd 
Mr.  John  Cotton  of  the  choice  the  Company  made  of  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery 
Election  sermon,  returned  answer  that  it  was  against  his  conscience  to  preach  a  sermon 
on  that  occasion ;  and  therefore  desired  to  be  excused.  Upon  which  the  Company 
made  choice  of  Rev'd  Mr.  Ebenezer  Turell,  of  Mystick,  for  that  service  and,  voted,  that 
the  commission  officers  of  the  Company,  with  Col  Jacob  Wendell  [1733],  be  a  com- 
mittee to  request  it  of  him.  Voted,  also,  in  the  evening,  that  the  Company  would  choose 
a  Treasurer  for  the  service  of  the  Company ;  and  then  made  choice  of  Capt  William 
Downe  [1716]  for  that  service  until  another  should  be  chosen  in  his  room.  Also, 
voted,  that  Mr.  Samuel  Holyoke  [1714]  should  deliver  what  papers  he  has,  belonging  to 
the  Company  in  his  hands  to  Capt  William  Downe  [17 16],  Treasurer  of  the  Company. 
Voted  also  that  Capt  Daniel  Henchman's  [1712]  account  of  what  monies  he  has  received 
of  the  Company  was  accepted  by  them,  and  that  the  sum  of  forty  shillings  due  from  him 
to  the  Company,  to  balance  his  account  exhibited  to  the  Company,  should  be  by  him 
paid  unto  Capt.  William  Downe  [1716],  Treasurer  of  said  Company.  Also  the  Company 
voted  thanks  to  Mr.  Samuel  Holyoke  [17 14]  for  the  extraordinary  services  he  had  done 
the  Company,  whilst  in  his  Clerkship  and  at  all  other  times. 

"  Memo.  Oct.  2.  This  day  being  the  day  appointed  by  Charter  for  the  exercise  of 
the  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  it,  proving  unseasonable  weather,  was  put  by  accord- 
ing to  said  Charter,  till  the  next  Friday,  and  then  met,  it  being  the  6"'  of  October,  1738." 

Rev.  John  Cotton,  of  Newton,  was  invited  to  preach  the  Artillery  election  sermon 
in  1738,  but,  as  "it  was  against  his  conscience  to  preach  a  sermon  on  that  occasion,"  he 
declined.  He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Rowland  Cotton  (who  preached  the  Artillery  sermon 
in  1706),  and  great-grandson  of  Rev.  John  Cotton,  of  Boston  (who  preached  the  Artillery 
sermon  in  1651),  and  was  born  in  1693.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1710. 
He  married,  Feb.  19,  17 19,  Mary,  daughter  of  Robert  Gibbs  (1692),  of  Boston,  who 
resided  in  Gibbs'  Lane,  afterward  (1845)  called  Belmont  Street.  She  was  a  sister  of 
Henry  Gibbs  (1726).  Mr.  Cotton  preached  in  Newton  as  a  candidate,  and  subsequently, 
March  22,  1714,  the  town  voted  to  invite  him  to  become  its  minister  at  a  salary  of  eighty 

Rev.  John  Cotton.      Authority:  Smith's  Hist,  of  Newton,  pp.  217,  218. 


?38]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  7 

pounds  per  annum.  He  was  ordained  Nov.  3,  17 14.  His  ministry  extended  over  a 
period  of  forty-two  and  a  half  years.  A  Latin  epitaph  is  supposed  to  describe  the  man  : 
"  Here  is  deposited  all  that  was  mortal  of  the  reverend  and  truly  venerable  John 
Cotton,  the  most  faithful,  prudent,  and  learned  pastor  of  the  church  of  Newton,  renowned 
for  his  ability  in  preaching  and  in  prayer,  distinguished  for  his  purity,  honored  of  all  for 
his  holy  life,  and  deeply  lamented,  especially  by  his  congregation,  to  whom  '  being  dead 
he  yet  speaketh.'  Fame  will  proclaim  his  beloved  name  far  and  wide  with  a  louder  and 
more  lasting  voice  than  the  most  enduring  marble.  Broken,  but  not  by  age,  he  died 
May  17,  1757,  in  the  sixty-fourth  year  of  his  age  and  the  forty- third  of  his  ministry." 

Rev.  Ebenezer  Turell,  of  Mystic  (Medford),  who  also  declined  the  invitation  of 
the  Company  to  deliver  the  anniversary  sermon  in  1738,  son  of  Samuel  and  Lydia 
(Stoddard)  Turell,  was  born  in  Medford,  Feb.  5,  1702.  He  was  a  grandson  of  Capt. 
Daniel  Turell  (1660),  and  his  mother  was  a  daughter  of  Anthony  Stoddard,  son  of 
Simeon  (1675).  Rev-  Ebenezer  Turell  married,  (1)  Aug.  n,  1726,  Jane  Colman,  who 
died  March  26, 1735  ;  (2)  Oct.  23,  1735,  Lucy,  daughter  of  Addington  Davenport  (1692), 
who  died  May  17,  1759,  aged  forty-five,  and,  (3)  Aug.  21,  1760,  Jane  Pepperell,  of 
Kittery.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1721,  and  studied  with  Rev.  Benjamin 
Colman,  whose  daughter,  Jane,  was  Rev.  Ebenezer's  first  wife.  June  17,  1724,  the 
church  at  Medford  unanimously  elected  Rev.  Ebenezer  Turell  as  its  pastor,  at  a  salary  of 
one  hundred  pounds  per  year,  and  Aug.  31,  1724,  he  accepted  it,  which  the  church  and 
town  considered  and  accepted,  Sept.  19,  1724.  He  was  installed  Nov.  25,  1724,  the 
sermon  being  delivered  by  Rev.  Benjamin  Colman.  During  his  pastorate  he  printed 
several  pamphlets,  which  called  out  earnest  replies.  He  was  one  of  the  many  ministers 
opposed  to  Rev.  George  Whitefield.  On  the  death  of  the  latter,  he  delivered  a  sermon 
concerning  him  from  the  text,  "  Verily  every  man,  at  his  best  estate,  is  altogether  vanity." 
In  1772,  too  infirm  to  perform  all  the  duties  of  his  position,  assistance  was  furnished  by 
the  town,  and,  in  1774,  a  colleague  was  provided.  He  died  Dec.  5,  1778,  and  was 
buried  at  Medford. 

Rev.  Benjamin  Colman,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  who  was  preacher  before  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1702,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1738.  It  was  nearly  the 
middle  of  May,  1738,  when  Mr.  Colman  was  invited  to  deliver  the  centennial  Artillery 
sermon,1  but,  as  in  the  case  of  Rev.  Cotton  Mather,  in  1707,  a  short  notice  was  sufficient. 

Rev.  Ebenezer  Turell.  Authority  :  Brooks's  Captain   Lyman   [1732],  with  two  or  three  more 

Hisl.  of  Medford.  Volunteers  in  his  Youth,  who  penetrated  far  into 

1  Extracts  from  the  "Sermon  preached  to  the  our  Woods  to  seek  out  the  Enemy;  and  by  cutting 

Honourable  and  Ancient  Artillery  Company  in  Bos-  off  a  single  Family  (as  I  am  told)  they  struck  such 

ton,  June  5,  1738  ":  —  a  Terror  into  a  Clan  who  were  advantageously  post- 

"  Forgive  me  this  Excursion  in  the  begining  of  ing  themselves  for  a  ready  and  easy  Decent  upon 

my  Discourse,   my  Reverend  Hearers ;    and   You  our  several  Provinces,  by  our  three  grand  Rivers; 

Gentlemen  in  Arms,  who  have  on  a  sudden  press'd  that  finding  the  English  had  got  so  nigh  to  the  fine 

me  to  speak  my  last  to  you,  when  others  have  fail'd  Interval  Land  they  had  chosen,  they  were  intimi- 

you."  dated  and  hasted  away." 

"  It  is  now  almost  forty  Years  that  I  spake  to  "As  also  it  must  be  acknowledged  to  the  glory 

your  Fathers  in  this  Place."  of  God,  that  not  a  few  of  our  present  Commanders 

"  Your    Earthly    Captain    General   [Governor  do  at  this  Day :   [awe  their   families  and   frighten 

Belcher]  is  here  present  to  go  before  you."  their  enemies]  being  bright  Examples  of  Virtue  and 

"Our  Scarlet  and  Crimson  can  boast  no  proved  Devotion,  Generosity,   Gravity   and   Wisdom,   and 

Valour  equal  to  their  hardy  Buff."  justly  esteem'd  by  all  that  know  them." 

"Nor  ought  I  to   omit  the  proved   Valour  of 


8  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i739 

The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1739  were  :  Caleb  Lyman 

17^0.  ('732)>   captain;    Erasmus  Stevens    (1720).   lieutenant;    William    Nichols 

'   *J  *     (1727),  ensign.     Ebenezer  Storer(i732)    was  first  sergeant;   Edward  Vail 

(1733),  second  sergeant;    John  Symmes  (1733),  third  sergeant ;  Samuel  Pratt  (1734), 

fourth  sergeant;    Nathaniel  Thayer  (1734),  clerk,  and  Bartholomew  Gedney  (1726), 

clerk's  assistant. 

The  committee  of  six  persons  who  had  charge  of  the  erection  of  the  workhouse 
(four  of  whom,  Edward  Hutchinson  [1702],  Jacob  Wendell  [1733],  Samuel  Sewall 
[1720],  Daniel  Henchman  [17 12],  were  members  of  the  Company)  reported  to  the 
town,  July  27,  1739,  tnat  tne  workhouse  begun  in  1737  was  completed  and  ready  to  be 
occupied.  Hon.  Jacob  Wendell  (1733),  for  the  overseers  of  the  poor,  presented  for  the 
town's  approval  a  body  of  orders  for  the  regulation  of  the  workhouse,  which,  after 
amendment  as  proposed  by  Hon.  Edward  Hutchinson  (1702),  were  adopted  by  the 
town. 

Sept.  14,  1739,  a  committee  of  five  persons,  three  of  whom  —  Nathaniel  Cunning- 
ham (1720),  chairman,  Edward  Winslow  (1700),  and  Samuel  Sewall  (1720)  —  were 
members  of  the  Company,  was  chosen  to  memorialize  "the  Great  and  General  Court" 
in  regard  to  the  prospect  of  a  war,  and  the  defenceless  condition  of  the  town.  Sept.  18 
the  memorial  was  presented  to  the  town  by  Capt.  Cunningham  (1720),  and  was 
accepted.     The  committee  was  so  painstaking  as  to  be  tendered  the  thanks  of  the  town. 

Mr.  Christopher  Kilby,  representative  to  the  General  Court,  having  been  chosen 
agent  for  the  House  of  Representatives  to  the  court  of  Great  Britain,  an  election  was 
held,  Dec.  10,  1739,  t0  ^"  me  vacancy  in  the  Boston  delegation  in  the  House.  Capt. 
Nathaniel  Cunningham  (1720),  "by  a  great  majority  of  votes,"  was  chosen  to  take  Mr. 
Kilby's  place. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1739  were:  James  Butler, 
Thomas  Edes,  John  Franklin,  Samuel  Goodwin,  Ralph  Hartt,  Samuel  Salter,  Jr.,  Thomas 
Savage,  William  Simpkins,  John  Storer,  John  Waldo. 

James  Butler  (1739),  °f  Boston,  goldsmith,  son  of  James  and  Abigail  Butler,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Dec.  4,  17 13,  and  married,  (1)  May  17,  1739,  Elizabeth  Davie,  and   (2) 

Wakefield.     He  was  chosen  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1743,  but,  refusing  to  serve, 

paid  the  fine.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1743,  and  held  the 
office  of  captain  in  the  militia.  About  1750,  he  moved  from  Boston  to  Halifax,  N.  S., 
but  his  enterprise  proving  unfortunate  he  soon  returned  to  Boston.  He  afterward  lived 
for  a  while  in  Sutton,  Mass.,  but  died  in  Boston,  in  1776,  aged  sixty-three  years,  and 
was  buried  in  the  Granary  Burial-Ground. 

Thomas  Edes  (1739),  °*  Boston,  a  baker,  son  of  Edmund  and  Susanna  Edes,  of 
Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  April  n,  17 15.  He  married,  Dec.  21,  1738,  Sarah  Larabee, 
born  July  12,  1719,  whose  father,  Capt.  John  Larabee,  was  for  fifty  years,  1712-62, 
commander  of  Castle  William. 

Ensign  Thomas  Edes1  (1739)  was  elected  a  clerk  of  the  market  in  1742-3,  but 
declined  to  serve,  and  paid  the  fine.     In  1747,  he  was  elected  town  constable. 

Aug.  26,  1765,  during  the  Stamp  Act  troubles,  a  mob  attacked  and  destroyed  the 

'  Whitman  says,  "  Ensign  Thomas  Edes  was  a  printer."  Thomas  Edes,  leather-dresser,  of  Charles- 
town,  brother  of  Benjamin  (1760),  printer,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1737.    SeeWyman'sCharlestown,  Vol.  I. 


1 739]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  9 

mansion  of  Gov.  Thomas  Hutchinson.  The  governor's  family  escaped,  and  took  refuge 
"with  his  sister,  at  the  house  of  Dr.  Samuel  Mather  in  Moon  Street."  "The  mob,  how- 
ever, demanded  his  person,  and  he  was  compelled  to  retreat  by  a  back  way  to  the  house 
of  Thomas  Edes  [1739],  a  baker,  guided  by  little  Hannah  Mather,  as  she  herself  relates. 
Here  he  remained  during  the  night,  returning  to  his  brother's  house  to  breakfast."  ' 

He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1744,  and  ensign  in  1762. 

Ensign  Thomas  Edes  (1739)  died  in  September,  1794,  aged  seventy-nine  years,  and 
was  buried  from  the  house  of  his  son,  Edward,  "  near  the  North  Grammar  School." 

John  Franklin  (1739),  tallow-chandler,  of  Boston,  son  of  Josiah  and  Abiah  (Folger) 
Franklin,  and  eldest  brother  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  was  born  in  Boston  (baptized),  Dec. 
7,  1690.  He  learned  his  trade  in  his  father's  shop,  and  afterward  pursued  the  same  busi- 
ness in  Newport,  R.  I.,  and  Boston.  He  married  (about  1716)  Elizabeth  Gooch,  and 
"  had  but  one  son,  John,  lost  at  sea,  a  young  man  grown."  Benjamin  was  apprenticed 
to  his  brother  James,  a  printer,  in  17 18.  The  two  years  previous  he  had  assisted  his 
father.  This  assistance  became  more  important  because,  in  1 7 17,  John  Franklin  (1739) 
"  married  and  removed  to  Rhode  Island,  where  he  set  up  for  himself  as  a  soap  and  candle 
maker."  How  long  he  femained  in  Newport  is  not  stated,  but,  in  1724,  the  sloop  in 
which  Benjamin  Franklin  left  Boston  touched  at  Newport,  "where  then  lived  his 
brother  John,  who  had  been  his  shopmate  while  he  had  helped  his  father  at  candle- 
making,  six  or  seven  years  before.  His  brother,  who  had  always  loved  him,  received 
him  very  affectionately."  In  1722-3,  James  Franklin,  brother  of  John  and  Benjamin, 
was  forbidden  by  the  General  Court  to  print  or  publish  the  New  England  Courant,  or 
any  pamphlet  or  paper  of  a  like  nature,  except  it  be  first  supervised  by  the  secretary  of 
the  province.  It  was  claimed  that  the  tendency  of  his  newspaper,  the  Courant,  was  to 
make  light  of  religion.  James,  therefore,  moved  to  Newport,  R.  I.,  and  established  the 
first  printing-press  in  that  plantation.  Probably  the  fact  that  John  (1739)  lived  there 
was  the  reason  that  James  selected  Newport  as  his  home. 

John  Franklin  (1739)  was  in  Boston  in  1729-30,  when  he  was  sworn  as  constable. 
May  14,  1 75 1,  he  was  elected  an  overseer  of  the  poor,  and  Feb.  5,  1752,  made  the 
annual  visitation  of  the  town  with  the  justices,  selectmen,  and  others.  When  Benjamin 
Franklin  became  postmaster-general  in  1753,  he  appointed  his  brother  John  (1739) 
postmaster  of  Boston,  a  position  which  he  held  until  his  decease,  Jan.  30,  1756.  When  he 
died,  Benjamin  Franklin  wrote  to  one  who  mourned  him  :  "  He  who  plucks  out  a  tooth, 
parts  with  it  freely,  since  the  pain  goes  with  it :  and  he  who  quits  the  whole  body,  parts 
at  once  with  all  pains  and  possibilities  of  pains  and  diseases  which  it  was  liable  to,  or 
capable  of  making  him  suffer.  Our  friend  and  we  were  invited  abroad  on  a  party  of 
pleasure,  which  is  to  last  forever.  His  chair  was  ready  first,  and  he  is  gone  before  us. 
We  could  not  all  conveniently  start  together,  and  why  should  you  and  I  be  grieved  at 
this,  since  we  are  soon  to  follow,  and  know  where  to  find  him?  " 

\ 

John  Franklin  (1739).     Authorities:  New  he  was  working  there  as  a  journeyman  printer;  and, 

Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  January,  1857,  and  April,  on  his  return  to  America,  he  gave  it  to  his  brother 

1880;   Parton's  Life  and  Times  of  Benjamin  Frank-  John  [1739],  of  Rhode  Island,  the  companion  of 

lin,  Vol.  I.,   pp.   51,  53;    Bridgman's   Pilgrims   of  his  candle-making  days." — Parton's  Life  and  Times 

Boston,  p.  323.  of  Benjamin  Franklin,   Vol.  I,,  p.  212. 

"The  earliest  portrait  we  have  of  [Benjamin]  "Elizabeth  Franklin  stlls  at  the  Post  Office  in 

Franklin  exhibits  him  attired  in  the  extreme  of  the  Boston,  Genuine  Crown  Soap,  Candles,  Cheese,  &c." 

fashion  of  that  day,  except  that  he  wears  no  sword  — Advertisement  in  Boston  Papers,  May  7,  1764. 
at  his  side.     It  was  taken  in  London  in  1726,  when  '  Drake's  Old  Landmarks  of  Boston,  p.  166. 


IO  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i739 

Samuel  Goodwin  (1739),  cooper,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  John  and  Lydia  (Sprague) 
Goodwin,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  16,  17 16-7.  He  married,  (1)  Feb.  15,  1738-9, 
in  Boston,  Elizabeth  Willard,  who  died  May  1,  1764;  (2)  Sept.  25,  1765,  Mary  Birch, 
and,  (3)  Nov.  13,  1800,  Rebecca  Jepson.  He  had  seven  children,  and,  dying  in 
November,  1802,  aged  eighty-six  years,  was  buried  the  2d  of  December  following.  His 
will,  dated  June  4,  1801,  was  probated  May  3,  1803.  From  1741  to  1773,  ne  was  taxed 
in  Charlestown.  His  father  left  him,  by  will,  in  1753,  a  lot  forty  by  one  hundred  feet, 
on  Southac  (Howard)  Street,  Boston,  which  in  1736  cost  seventy  pounds. 

May  10,  1738,  he  was  chosen  a  viewer  and  culler  of  staves  in  Boston,  and  was 
re-elected  March  15,  1742,  but  was  not  sworn  the  latter  year.  During  most  of  his  life 
he  resided  in  Charlestown,  in  the  records  of  which  he  is  given  the  title  of  "  Major." 

Ralph  Hartt  (1739),  mast  maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Abigail  Hartt,  of 
Lynn,  was  born  in  Lynn,  June  12,  1699.  He  married,  (1)  Nov.  27,  1722,  Mary  Hudson, 
who  died  Aug.  2,  1733,  and,  (2)  Jan.  8,  1733-4,  Lois  Rowland  (Boston  records)  or 
Rowling  (Lynn  records).  He  had  settled  in  Boston  prior  to  his  second  marriage,  as 
he  took  out,  at  the  town  clerk's  office  in  Boston,  marriage  papers  on  Dec.  12,  1733. 
His  wife,  Lois,  died  Nov.  5,  1751. 

Ralph  Hartt  (1739)  was  elected  a  constable  in  Boston,  March  10,  1735-6,  which 
seems  to  be  the  only  town  office  he  ever  held.  In  1754  he  commanded  the  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery  Company.  His  son,  Zephaniah,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1765.     Mr.  Hartt  (1739)  lived,  as  also  his  son,  on  Charter  Street. 

Feb.  28,  1742,  Gov.  William  Shirley  commissioned  Ralph  Hartt  (,1739)  as  "lieuten- 
ant in  the  foot  company  in  the  town  of  Boston,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Samuel 
Rand  [1720],  in  the  regiment  of  militia  wilhin  the  county  of  Suffolk  whereof  Jacob 
Wendell,  Esq.  [1733],  is  colonel."  He  was  captain  of  a  militia  company,  the  same 
regiment,  in  Boston,  in  1750.  He  made  "the  general  walk  or  visitation "  of  the  town, 
with  the  justices  and  others,  Feb.  n,  1756,  Feb.  16,  1762,  and  Feb.  21,  1763. 

Capt.  Edmund  Hartt,  who  built  the  famous  frigates  "Constitution"  and  "Boston," 
and  many  of  the  best  ships  of  his  day,  was  a  nephew  of  Capt.  Ralph  (1739).  The  Hartt 
family  were  the  first  widely  known  shipwrights.  For  several  generations  they  were  iden- 
tified with  the  ship-building  interests  of  the  country.  At  one  time,  seven  members  of 
the  family  were  naval  constructors  at  different  ship-yards  in  the  United  States.  The 
descendants  of  Edmund  bought  and  occupied  the  "  Hartt  House,"  so  called,  Nos.  24 
and  26  Hull  Street. 

He  died  March  14,  1776,  aged  seventy-seven  years,  and  was  buried  in  Copp's  Hill 
Burial-Ground. 

Samuel  Salter,  Jr.  (1739),  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Sarah  Salter,  was  born  in 
Boston,  April  25,  17 10.     He  does  not  appear  to  have  held  any  town  office. 

Samuel    Goodwin    (1739).      Authorities  :  Porter;    New  Eng.    Hist,   and   Gen.    Reg.,    1848, 

Wyman's   Charlestown    Genealogies    and     Estates,  p.  391. 

Vol.  I.,  p.  422;   Boston  Records.  A  copy  of  the   commission   of  Ralph   Hartt 

Ralph  Hartt  (1739).     Authorities:  Boston  (1739)  as  lieutenant  in  the  militia  is  printed  in 

Records;    Rambles  in  Old  Boston,  N.  E.,  by  E.  G.  Bridgman's  Copp's  Hill  Burial-Ground,  pp.  204,205. 


1 739]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  I  I 

Thomas  Savage  (1739),  merchant,  of  Boston,  second  son  of  Lieut. -Col.  Habijah 
Savage  (1699),  was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  5,  1710.  He  married,  June  26,  1735,  Deborah 
Briggs,  and  died  Dec.  19,  1760. 

He  served  the  town  as  constable  in  1735,  clerk  of  the  market  in  1737,  purchaser  of 
grain  in  1748-9  and  as  fireward  in  1756,  1757,  and  17158.  He  made  the  general  visita- 
tion of  the  town  in  1754,  1755,  ar>d  1756.  Under  the  date  of  July  12,  1758,  in  the 
"  account  of  beds  earned  to  sundry  places  in  the  town  for  the  use  of  the  King's  troops 
now  in  the  town,"  it  is  recorded  in  the  town  books,  "To  Capt.  Savage's  house,  50."  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Boston  militia,  and  was  promoted  to  be  captain  in  1756.  "He  was 
the  grandfather  of  the  learned  antiquary  of  New  England."  He  served  as  first  sergeant 
of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1744,  ensign  in  1752,  lieutenant  in 
1755,  and  captain  in  1757.  The  inventory  of  his  estate  was  more  than  seven  thousand 
pounds,  lawful  currency,  his  real  estate  at  the  North  End  and  Long  Wharf  being  valued 
at  more  than  two  thousand  pounds. 

William  Simpkins  (1739),  goldsmith,  of  Boston,  married,  May  14  or  16,  1726, 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Langdon)  Symmes.  His  son,  John, 
joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769.  He  was  elected  a  constable  March  15,  1742-3, 
but  declined  to  serve,  and  paid  the  fine.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1743,  and  its  ensign  in  1757. 

John  Storer  (1739),  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Col.  Joseph  and  Hannah  (Hill)  Storer, 
was  born  at  Wells,  District  of  Maine,  Sept.  6,  1694.  He  was  the  eldest  brother  of  Eben- 
ezer  Storer  (1732),  who  was  born  June  4,  1699,  in  the  fort  at  Saco.  Capt.  John  (1739) 
married  Mary  Bassett,  widow  of  Nehemiah,  of  Charlestown,  Nov.  8,  1736.  They  resided 
in  Charlestown,  where  she  joined  the  First  Church,  April  9,  1738,  and  in  that  town,  prior 
to  1739,  two  children  were  born  to  them.  He  was  captain  of  the  Third  Company, 
First  Massachusetts  Regiment,  in  the  expedition  against  Louisburg.  He  is  not  men- 
tioned in  the  records  of  the  town  of  Boston. 

John  Waldo  (1739),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  published  to  marry  Elizabeth  Waldo, 
March  17,  1729,  and  to  marry  Hannah  Gold,  Sept.  12,  1732. 

He  was  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1738,  and  was  re-elected  in  1749,  but  declined  to 
serve.  He  signed  the  memorial  to  the  General  Court,  Dec.  19,  1760.  "This  petition," 
says  Drake,  "  signed  by  the  principal  business  men,  shows  the  head  and  front  of  the 
opposition  to  the  crown  officials."  It  hastened  the  crisis  of  which  President  Adams 
said,  "Here  began  the  Revolution." 

In  1720,  a  division  occurred  in  the  New  North  Church  which  resulted  in  the  with- 
drawal of  a  number  of  its  members  and  the  formation  of  another  church,  called  the 
"New  Brick,"  which,  in  May,  1779,  united  with  the  Second  Church  in  Boston.  A  John 
Waldo  was  a  member  of  the  New  North  Church,  but  active  in  the  formation  of  the  Old 
Brick  Church. 

Thomas  Savage  (1739).   Authorities:  Bos-  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates,  Vol.  II.;  New- 
ton Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Ci  m-  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1870  and  1 87 1 . 
pany,  Ed.  1842.  John  Waldo  (1739).    authorities:  Boston 

John  Storer  (1739).  Authorities:  Wyman's  Records;  Drake's  Hist,  of  Boston. 


12  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,739 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1739  's  as  follows  :  — 

"  1739,  Memo.  April  2d.  This  day  being  appointed  by  Charter  for  the  exercise  of 
the  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  it  proving  unseasonable  weather  was  put  by  according 
to  said  Charter  till  the  next  Friday,  and  then  met,  it  being  the  6th  of  April,  1739.  The 
Company  being  under  arms  made  choice  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Mather  to  preach  the 
next  Artillery  sermon  ;  and  that  the  present  commission  officers,  with  the  field  officers, 
be  a  committee  to  request  it  of  him  ;  returned  that  it  was  accepted  by  him. 

"  May  7th,  1739.  Voted,  that  the  present  commission  officers  be  desired  to  wait  on 
Capt.  Wm.  Downe  [1716]  and  desire  him  to  prepare  the  account  relating  to  what 
he  has  received  and  paid,  and  lay  it  before  the  Company  on  the  election  evening. 

"June  4th,  1739.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  voted  that  the  present  com- 
mission officers  of  the  Company,  with  those  to  be  now  elected,  and  the  field  officers  of 
the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel 
Mather,  and  give  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  the  sermon  preached  to  them  this 
day ;  and  in  the  evening  after  lodging  the  Colours,  voted  that  the  above  committee  ask 
of  Mr.  Mather  a  copy  of  his  sermon  for  the  press  ;  and. that  it  be  printed  at  the  charge 
of  the  Company ;  and  that  his  Excellency,  the  Governour,  with  every  member  of  the 
General  Assembly,  have  each  a  sermon  given  to  them,  and  that  two  sermons  be  printed 
for  each  member  of  the  Company,  and  that  Capt.  Daniel  Henchman  [1712]  have  the 
care  of  printing  the  same.  Voted,  that  the  commission  officers,  elected  this  day,  with 
those  of  the  last  year,  with  the  clerks  of  the  same,  be  a  committee  to  consider  the  state 
of  the  Rules  and  Orders,  whereby  the  Company  regulates  themselves ;  and  also  of  the 
Company's  Books,  and  lay  their  sentiment  before  the  Company  at  the  training  in 
September  next  for  their  consideration." 

Rev.  Samuel  Mather,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1739.1 
He  was  the  son  of  Rev.  Cotton  Mather  and  his  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Dr. 
John  Clark  and  widow  of  Richard  Hubbard.  He  was  born  Oct.  30,  1706.  He  gradu- 
ated at  Harvard  College  in  1723,  and  in  1732  was  called  to  be  colleague  with  Rev.  Mr. 
Gee  at  the  Second  Church.  After  colaboring  for  nine  years,  differences  arose  between 
the  ministers  and  between  Mr.  Mather  and  a  majority  of  the  church.  They  resulted  in 
the  dismissal  of  Mr.  Mather  and  the  division  of  the  church.  Ninety-three  members 
followed  him,  and  organized  the  Tenth  Congregational  Church  in  Boston.  A  meeting- 
house was  erected  on  the  corner  of  North  Bennet  and  Hanover  streets,  and  the  admirers 
of  Mr.  Samuel  Mather  worshipped  there  until  his  decease  in  1785.     The  meeting-house 

Rev.  Samuel  Mather.     Authorities:  Mass.  And  it  is  doubted  by  some,  who  have  made  it  their 

Hist.   Collection,  Vol.   III.;    Sprague's   Annals   of  Business  to  enquire  into  such  Things  whether  it  be 

American  Pulpit,  Vol.  I.,  p.  371 ;   Robbins'  Hist,  of  so  old;   For  about  the  Year  fifteen  hundred  and  sixty 

Second  Church,  Boston.  some   Muskets  and   but  a  very  few  of  them  were 

'  Extracts  from  sermon  by  Rev.  Samuel  Mather,  mix'd  with  Harquebusses :  So  that,  according  to 
M.  A.,  "preached  to  the  Ancient  and  Honourable  this,  it  must  have  bin  forty  Years  before  the  Hand- 
Artillery  Company  on  June  4,  1739  "  :  —  Gun  had  learned  to  speak. 

"Fire  Arms  have  now  superseded  many  of  the  "These  Hand-Guns  or  Muskets  have  from  the 

Ancient  Weapons,  and  obtain'd   the   Preeminence  Time  of  their  first  Invention  bin  of  various  Lengths 

before  the  Lance  and  Pike,  the  Bow  and  Arrow,  the  and  Bores :   But  it  is  proper  to  observe  here,  that  it 

Dart,  Javelin,  Sling  and  other  offensive  Weapons.  is  always  fit  the  Muskets  of  our  Army  and  of  our 

"The  first  Inventor  of  Guns  in  Europe  was  a  State  or  Kingdom  should  be  exactly  of  one  Bore. 
Monk,  named  Berthold  Schuvart,  a  considerable  "  Besides  these  Muskets,  there  are  now  other 
Alchymist,  who  liv'd  in  the  Year  of  our  Lord  thirteen  Weapons  for  the  Foot,  such  as  Touks,  Shables,  two 
hundred  and  eighty.  Tho'  some  affirm  the  Hand-  handed  Swords,  Hangmen's  Swords,  Javelins,  Morn- 
Gun  or  Musket  was  never  used  until  the  Siege  of  ing  Stars,  Rapiers;  most  of  which  are  rather  for  the 
Rhegium  in  the  year  fifteen  hundred  and  twenty.  Defence  of  Batteries,  Forts  and  Towns  than  for 


i739]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 3 

was  then  sold  to  the  First  Universalist  Society  of  Boston,  Rev.  John  Murray,  "  the  father 
of  American  Universalism,"  being  the  first  pastor.  After  ninety-six  years  of  service,  this 
house  was  succeeded  by  the  brick  edifice  built  in  1838,  now  a  Baptist  Seamen's  Bethel. 
After  Mr.  Mather's  decease,  in  accordance  with  his  request,  most  of  his  followers 
united  with  the  Second  Church. 

He  married  Sarah  (Foster)  Hutchinson,  daughter  of  Col.  Thomas  Hutchinson 
(1694)  and  sister  of.Gov.  Thomas  Hutchinson,  "  the  historian  of  Massachusetts."  They 
had  three  children,  one  of  whom,  Samuel,  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Benjamin 
Gerrish  (1714).  He  died  June  27,  1785,  and  was  buried  in  the  tomb  of  his  family  at 
Copp's  Hill. 

The  following-named  members  of  the  Company  are  given  in  a  list  as  "  Artillery 
Soldiers  under  fine  of  \2ti.  per  diem  for  non-appearance  "  :  — 

Matthew  Barnard  (1734),  Daniel  Bell  (1733),  John  Bennett  (1734),  Joseph  Blanch- 
ard  (1737),  John  Chandler,  Jr.  (1734),  Nathan  Cheever  (1733),  Thomas  Clark  (1733), 
William  Cock  (1733),  John  Daniel  (1738),  Moses  Deshon  (1737),  Thomas  Downe 
(1733),  Joseph  Dwight  (1734),  Jacob  Emmons  (1738),  Daniel  Epes,  Jr.  (1734),  Joseph 
Fitch  (1733),  Zechariah  Fitch  (1733),  Samuel  Haley  (1738),  Ralph  Hartt  (1739), 
Elnathan  Jones  (1734),  John  Pecker  (1733),  Thomas  Pratt  (1733),  Andrew  Symmes 
(1734),  Nathaniel  Thwing  (1736),  Daniel  Tucker  (1733),  William  Warner  (1733),  Samuel 
Watts  (1733),  Jacob  Wendell  (1733). 

The  following-named  members  of  the  Company  are  given  in  the  record  book  as 
"Artillery  Soldiers  under  fine  of  6/  per  diem  for  non-appearance"  :  — 

Ephraim  Baker  (1733),  Abraham  Belknap  (1735),  Aaron  Bordman  (1736),  Geyer 
(Gear)  Coffin  (1734),  Thomas  Drowne  (1737),  Joseph  Dyar  (1733),  Joseph  Edwards 
(1738),  Joseph  Goldthwait  (1732),  Joseph  Jackson  (1738),  Joseph  Pomeroy  (1733), 
Samuel  Pratt  (1734),  Samuel  Salter,  Jr.  (1739),  Arthur  Savage  (1738),  Thomas  Savage 
(1739),  Ebenezer  Storer  (1732),  William  Taylor  (1738),  Nathaniel  Thayer  (1734),  Daniel 
Watts  (1736),  John  Welch  (1736),  John  Wendell,  Jr.  (1735),  Sendall  Williams  (1738), 
James  Wright  (1736). 

The  above  lists  were  made  out,  probably,  in  1739-40. 

the  Field.    As  for  the  light-arm'd  Foot,  They  for  the  "  Nor  may  we  omit  to  mention  here  great  Guns, 

most  Part  are  now  arm'd  with  Musket  and  Sword  which  by  the  English  are  accurately  divided  into 

or  Rapier.  the  Cannon,  the  Culverin,  the  Pierior  and  the  Mor- 

"  As  to   the   Cavalry  or  Horse,  They  have  now  tar.     Each  of  which  are   sub-divided   into  several 

their  peculiar  Weapons :  as  the  Pistol,  which  was  Sorts  according  to  their  various  Bores :  The  three 

invented  by  Camillo  Vitelli,  an  Italian,  in  the  Time  former  are  generally  made  of  Iron  Brass  and  Cop- 

of  Henry,  the  Eighth  of  England,  the  Harquebuss,  per :  The  latter,  I  think,  is  generally  of  Iron  :   And, 

which  is  of  older  Date  and  the  Carabine.    The  Cara-  under  the  Mortar  may  be  comprehended  Pot-Pieces, 

bine  is  usually  carried  about  the  Soldier's  Neck  in  a  Square  Murtherers,  Tortles  and  Petards.  .  .  . 

Bandileer  of  Leather,  which  is  a  far  easier  Way  of  "Thus  I  have  cursorily  called  over  the  most 

carrying  them  than  the  former  one  of  hanging  them  used  and  approved  Arms  of  .  .  .  the  Moderns,  and 

at  their  Saddles.     Some,  instead  of  these  Carabines,  rank'd  them  in  the  best  Order  I  could.    And,  altho' 

carry  Blunderbusses,  which  are  short  Hand-Guns  of  what  I  have  thus  done  might  appear  very  strangely 

great  Bore.    Broad  Swords  were  constantly  used  by  on  any  other  Occasion;   yet,  in  such  an  Auditory  as 

the  English  and  Scots.     As  for  the  Rapier,  that  is  This,  there  cannot,  I  think,  be  any  sufficient  Reason 

not  over  forty  Years  old;   altho'  the  long  Sort  of  to  blame  me  for  it." 
hem  was  used  in  the  Times  of  the  Civil  War  in 
England  for  a  while,  and  afterwards  laid  aside. 


14  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i740 

The   officers  of   the   Artillery   Company  elected    in   1740  were:    John 

[  /AQ,  Wendell  (1733),  captain;  James   Fosdick  (1722),  lieutenant;  John  Phillips 

'      '  (1725),  ensign.     Josiah  Carter   (1732)   was  first  sergeant;    John    Bennett 

(1734),  second  sergeant;  Matthew  Barnard  (1734),  third  sergeant;  John  Welch  (1736), 

fourth  sergeant;    Nathaniel  Thayer  (1736),  clerk,  and   Bartholomew  Gedney   (1726), 

clerk's  assistant. 

Notwithstanding  the  former  failures  to  provide  market  houses,  the  friends  of  the 
measure  persisted.  In  1734,  a  convenient  building  was  erected  on  the  town's  ground 
at  the  town  dock,  called  "  Dock  Square,"  which  was  used  for  a  time,  but  was  soon 
"  demolished  and  pulled  down."  It  obliged  the  "  people  to  go  out  upon  the  Neck  and 
spend  a  great  part  of  the  day  in  providing  necessaries  for  their  families."  Peter  Faneuil, 
of  Boston,  having  been  pleased  to  offer  to  build,  at  his  own  expense,  an  edifice  for  a 
market  for  the  sole  "use  of  the  town,  Thomas  Palmer  (1702),  Edward  Hutchinson 
(1702),  John  Osborn,  father  of  Capt.  John,  Jr.  (1764),  and  three  hundred  and  forty 
others,  presented  a  petition  to  the  town,  July  2,  1740,  asking  for  a  special  town 
meeting  that  the  desire  of  the  people  in  regard  thereto  might  be  expressed.  At  the 
town  meeting,  held  in  the  afternoon  of  July  14,  the  matter  was  considered,  and,  upon 
the  question  of  the  acceptance  of  the  proposal  of  Peter  Faneuil,  the  yea  and  nay  ballot 
was  announced.  "  Number  of  yeas,  367  ;  number  of  nays,  360."  Such  was  the  slender 
majority  that  gave  Faneuil  Market  to  Boston  and  the  Cradle  of  Liberty  to  the  country. 
Mr.  Faneuil  was  immediately  notified  that  his  proposal  had  been  accepted  by  the  town, 
and  the  thanks  of  the  town  were  expressed  to  him  by  the  selectmen. 

A  manuscript  description  of  New  England,  by  Mr.  Joseph  Bennett,  contains  his 
impressions  of  the  Castle.  He  says  :  "  The  entrance  to  the  harbor  is  defended  by  a 
strong  castle,  which  they  call  '  Fort  William,'  on  which  there  are  mounted  a  hundred 
guns,  twenty  of  which  lie  on  a  platform  level  with  the  water,  to  prevent  an  enemy  passing 
the  castle  ;  which  is  a  quarry,  surrounded  by  a  covered  way,  joined  with  two  lines  of 
communication  to  the  main  battery.  This  battery  is  situated  so  near  the  channel  that 
all  ships  going  up  to  the  town  must  sail  within  musket-shot  of  it.  They  have  always  one 
company  of  soldiers  doing  duty  in  the  castle  even  in  time  of  peace,  but  in  time  of  war 
they  are  said  to  have  five  hundred ;  and,  as  I  was  taught  to  believe,  they  had  now  till  I 
saw  the  contrary;  but  there  is  such  a  number  of  men  who  are  excused  all  other  military 
duty  on  purpose  to  attend  the  service  of  the  castle  if  need  require  it,  whom  they  say 
they  can  call  together  in  an  hour's  time." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1740  were:  John  Adams, 
Thomas  Baxter,  Joseph  Bradford,  Jonathan  Carey,  Benjamin  Goldthwait,  Newman 
Greenough,  John  Hyland,  John  Nichols. 

John  Adams  (1740),  son  of  John  and  Mary  Adams,  was  born  in  Boston,  Oct.  10, 
1  7  10.     He  married  Mary  Clough,  July  20,  1732. 

There  were  two  citizens  in  Boston  named  John  Adams,  both  mentioned  in  the  town 
records.  Ensign  John  (1740)  is  distinguished  as  "living  at  the  North  End."  He  was  a 
fence-viewer  from  1740  to  1744  inclusive,  and  viewer  of  boards  and  shingles  in  1745. 
He  is  probably  the  John  Adams  of  the  Third  Company,  First  Massachusetts'  Regiment, 
on  the  Cape  Breton  expedition.  In  the  military  he  rose  to  the  rank  of  ensign.  His  will 
was  proved  in  1761. 


i74o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMTANY.  1 5 

Thomas  Baxter  (1740),  of  Braintree,  son  of  Samuel  and  Mary  Baxter,  of  Braintree, 
was  born  Feb.  25,  1702.  He  married,  Nov.  12,  1724,  Deliverance  Marshall,  of  Brain- 
tree, by  whom  he  had  children  in  1726,  1733,  and  their  last,  born  in  Braintree,  was 
Thomas,  Jan.  23,  1737-8.  He  was  a  surveyor  of  highways  of  Braintree  in  1735,  and  a 
tithing-man  in  1738.  Soon  after,  he  removed  to  Boston  and  opened  a  cabinet-maker's 
shop.  Nov.  2,  1 74 1,  he  was  paid  by  Mr.  Price,  rector  of  King's  Chapel,  sixteen  pounds 
thirteen  shillings  and  eleven  pence,  "  for  a  new  chair  for  the  Gov.  Seat."  He  was  third 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1744. 

Joseph  Bradford  (1740),  glazier,  of  Boston,  son  of  Moses  and  Elizabeth  Bradford, 
was  born  in  Boston,  May  14,  1705.  He  married,  July  17,  1729,  Ruth  Baker,  of  Boston. 
He  held  minor  town  offices  in  1742  and  1743;  was  clerk  of  the  market  in  1744  and 
1745,  and  re-elected  in  1746,  but  declined  to  serve.  March  12,  1743,  he  was  appointed 
on  two  committees  of  the  town,  —  one  to  devise  means  to  prevent  fraud  in  the  measure- 
ment of  wood,  and  the  other  to  prevent  the  firing  of  chimneys.  Both  committees 
reported -May  4,  1744.  He  was  elected  assessor  in  1749  and  collector  in  1751,  but 
declined  both  offices.     He  rose  to  the  grade  of  ensign  in- the  Boston  militia. 

Under  date  of  Sept.  22,  1746,  the  town  records  state,  "Whereas  it  is  suggested  that 
there  are  several  persons,  Roman  Catholicks,  that  now  dwell  and  reside  in  this  town, 
and  that  it  may  be  very  dangerous  to  permit  such  persons  to  reside  here  in  case  we 
should  be  attacked  by  an  enemy,  Therefore  voted  that  Mr.  Jeremiah  Allen,  Mr.  Nathaniel 
Gardner,  and  Mr.  Joseph  Bradford  [1740]  "  be  a  committee  to  prevent  danger  from 
their  residing  here.  He  was  elected  assessor  in  1759,  1760,  1761,  and  1762,  and  though 
he  declined  in  1762,  he  was  elected  again  the  next  year.     His  will  was  proved  in  1787. 

Jonathan  Carey  (1740),  shipwright,  of  Boston,  son  of  James  (1723)  and  Sarah 
Carey,  was  born  in  Boston,  April  30,  17  17.  He  was  published  May  16,  1744,  to  marry 
Elizabeth  Proctor.  He  was  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1747,  and,  Jan.  13,  1747-8,  made 
with  the  principal  citizens  the  annual  visitation.  He  was  chosen  a  culler  of  staves  in 
1758.  He  was  identified  with  the  Boston  militia  and  became  a  captain.  March  14, 
1768,  "  Capt.  Jonathan  Carey  [1740]  "  was  chosen  one  of  a  committee  "to  obtain  sub- 
scriptions to  an  Agreement  not  to  purchase  any  Lamb  untill  the  First  Day  of  July  next." 
He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1759,  and  its  lieutenant  in  1762. 
He  died  at  his  residence  in  Fish  Street,  Dec.  29,  1801,  aged  eighty-five  years.  His 
gravestone  on  Copp's  Hill  says  "he  was  a  Universalist,"  and  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  adds, 
"  Probably  one  of  the  first  converts  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Murray,  and  a  founder  of  the 
First  Universalist  Church."  His  son,  Capt.  Jonathan  Carey,  joined  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1756. 

Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1740),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  (1720)  and  Sarah 
(Hopkins)  Goldthwait,  was  born  Nov.  25,  1704.  He  married,  (1)  Oct.  10,  1726, 
Charity  Edwards,  and,  (2)  Aug.  9,  1759,  Sarah  Dawes,  daughter  of  Story  Dawes  and  a 
niece  pf  William  Dawes  (1760).  Their  youngest  child,  Susanna,  married  James  Lanman, 
who  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1786. 

Thomas  Baxter  (1740).    Authorities:  An-  ton  Records;    Wyman's  Charlestown   Genealogies 

nals  of  King's  Chapel;   Braintree  Town  Records.  and  Estates. 

Joseph  Bradford  (1740).    Authority  :  Bos-  Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1740).  Authorities: 

ton  Records.  Boston  Records;    New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg., 

Jonathan  Carey  (1740).   Authorities  :  Bos-  1870;  MS.  of  Mr.  Joseph  C.  Whitney,  Boston. 


1 6  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND 


[1740 


He  was  a  constable  of  the  town  of  Boston  in  1736,  and  was  a  clerk  of  the  market 
in  1743,  who,  for  his  extraordinary  care  in  attending  to  his  duty,  was  given  a  special 
allowance  by  the  selectmen.  March  4,  1736-7,  in  company  with  the  selectmen  and 
others,  he  made  the  annual  visitation  of  the  town.  He  was  captain  of  the  fourth  com- 
pany, Second  Massachusetts  Regiment  in  the  Cape  Breton  expedition,  and  was  commis- 
sioned Feb.  9,  1744-  May  20,  1746,  the  agents  of  the  various  regiments  held  a  meeting 
at  Capt.  Peter  Prescott's.  Capt.  Goldthwait  (1740)  was  agent  for  Col.  Waldo's  regi- 
ment. Capt.  Benjamin  (1740)  was  a  brother  of  Joseph  Goldthwait  (1732).  The  latter 
died  at  Weston,  March  1,  1780,  and  hence  was  not  "living  in  1784,"  as  Mr.  Whitman 
(1810)  states  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company.  Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1740)  died 
in  March,  1782,  and  his  estate  was  advertised  by  the  administrator  April  4,  1782. 

Newman  Greenough  (1740),  sailmaker,  of  Boston,  third  son  of  Capt.  John  (1712), 
grandson  of  Capt.  William  Greenough  (1675),  and  brother  of  Thomas  (1744),  was  born 
in  Boston,.  May  6,  1708,  and  married  Elizabeth  Montfort,  Sept.  6,  1730.  Their  son, 
Samuel,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1786.  Major  Newman  Greenough  (1740) 
lived  on  Charter  Street,  was  active  in  military  matters  and  in  all  that  concerned  the 
well-being  of  his  native  town.  He  held  the  offices  of  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1744,  ensign  in  1755,  lieutenant  in  1757,  and  captain  in  1758.  He  was 
elected  clerk  of  the  market  in  1736  and  constable  in  1 74 !,  but  declined  the  latter  office. 
In  August,  1752,  he  was  chosen  fireward,  and  was  annually  re-elected  for  twenty-five 
years.  In  the  town  records,  he  is  called  "Captain"  in  1756,  "Esquire"  in  1762,  and 
"  Major  "  in  1764.     He  held  office  in  the  Boston  regiment. 

Dec.  28,  1738,  Mr.  Newman  Greenough  (1740)  became  a  member  of  the  company 
having  charge  of  the  "copper  engine  by  the  North  Meeting-house."  Oct.  29,  1740, 
"  the  master  of  the  copper  engine  "  reported  to  the  selectmen  that  Newman  Greenough 
(1740)  had  left  them. 

July  1,  1767,  with  other  gentlemen,  Major  Greenough  (1740)  made  the  annual 
visitation  to  the  public  schools.  May  n,  1773,  the  town  voted  to  apply  to  the  General 
Court  for  an  act  empowering  the  town  to  erect,  support,  and  defend  lamps  in  the  public 
streets.  Newman  Greenough,  Esq.  (1740),  and  Capt.  Fortesque  Vernon  were  appointed 
a  committee  to  locate  the  lamps  in  Ward  2. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  Boston,  Dec.  7,  1774,  Jonathan  Williams,  Esq. 
(1729),  being  moderator,  a  committee  was  chosen  "for  carrying  the  resolutions  of 
the  late  Continental  Congress  into  execution,"  of  which  committee  Major  Newman 
Greenough  (1740)  was  a  member,  and,  July  26,  1776,  he  was  appointed  by  the  committee 
of  correspondence  to  take  charge  of  the  inhabitants  of  Boston  residing  in  Ward  2,  both 
on  the  alarm  and  train-band  lists. 

His  will,  proved  Feb.  23,  1781,  speaks  of  "  his  advanced  age." 

John  Hyland  (1740).     His  name  does  not  appear  on  the  town  records. 

John  Nichols  (1740),  of  Boston,  son  of  John  (who  was  admitted  an  inhabitant  of 
Boston,  July  27,  1702)  and  Rebecca  Nichols,  was  born  March  17,  1714-5.  He  married 
Mary  Laughton,  Jan.  5,  1737.     He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1746. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1740  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  nth,  1740.    The  Company,  being  under  arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev. 

Newman  Greenough  (1740).    Authority:  Boston  Records. 


1 74i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  7 

Mr.  Mather  Byles  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  sermon,  and  that  the  present  commis- 
sion officers,  with  the  field  officers,  be  a  committee  to  request  it  of  him.  Returned 
answer  that  it  was  accepted  by  him. 

"June  2d,  1740.  The  Company,  being  under  arms,  voted,  that  the  present  com- 
mission officers  of  the  Company,  with  those  to  be  now  elected,  and  the  field  officers  of 
the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  be  a  committee  to  give  the  thanks  of  the  Company 
to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Mather  Byles  for  his  sermon  preached  to  them  this  day,  and  desire  a 
copy  thereof  for  the  press.  And  in  the  evening,  after  lodging  the  Colours,  Voted,  that 
the  sermon  be  printed  at  the  charge  of  the  Company,  and  that  each  member  of  the 
General  Assembly  have  one  sermon,  and  that  each  member  of  this  Company  have  two 
sermons,  and  that  Mr.  Thomas  Fleet  [1727]  and  Mr.  Joseph  Edwards  [1738]  have  the 
care  of  the  same. 

"  Oct.  6th.  Voted,  that  the  Company  would  have  a  new  flight  of  Colours,  made  of 
red  taffety ;  and  that  Ensign  Phillips  [1725]  should  provide  the  same  against  the  next 
training  day,  and  dispose  of  the  old  ones  for  the  most  they  will  fetch  for  the  use  of  the 
Company.  Also,  Voted,  at  the  same  time,  that  the  Company  on  the  next  training  day 
would  exercise  after  the  new  method,  and  that  the  Company  in  the  meantime  would 
endeavour  to  get  the  members  compleat  in  said  exercise." 

Rev.  Mather  Byles,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1740. 
He  was  a  son  of  Josiah  and  Elizabeth  Byles,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  26,  1706,  and 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1725.  The  degree  of  doctor  of  divinity  was  conferred 
upon  him  by  Aberdeen  College  in  1765.  He  married,  (1)  Feb.  14,  1733,  Anna  Gale,  a 
niece  of  Gov.  Belcher,  and,  (2)  June  11,  1747,  Rebekah,  daughter  of  Lieut.-Gov.  Tailer 
(1712).  He  received  a  call  from  Hollis  Street  Church,  Boston,  to  become  its  first  pastor. 
He  accepted,  and  was  ordained  Dec.  30,  1733  He  remained  with  this  church  until  1776, 
when  his  sympathy  with  the  Royalists  caused  the  relation  to  be  dissolved.  In  May,  1777, 
he  was  denounced  in  town  meeting  as  an  enemy  to  his  country;  was  afterwards  tried 
before  a  special  court,  and  was  sentenced  to  be  sent  to  England.  The  sentence,  how- 
ever, was  never  executed.  He  never  afterward  assumed  any  pastoral  charge,  but  lived 
in  retirement.  In  1783  he  had  a  stroke  of  paralysis,  and,  gradually  declining,  died  July 
5,  ,788. 

He  became  especially  known  for  his  exhaustless  wit,  and  had  considerable  reputa- 
tion as  a  preacher.  He  was  tall,  well-proportioned,  and  commanding  in  appearance. 
His  voice  was  powerful  and  melodious,  and  his  manner  of  address  popular.  He  delivered 
the  funeral  sermon  at  the  burial  of  Hon.  William  Dummer  (1702),  lieutenant-governor. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1741  were:    Joshua 

I  j  A  J  t  Cheever  (1732),  captain;  Joseph  Fitch  (1733),  lieutenant;  Hugh  McDaniel 

•      '  (1729),  ensign.     Andrew  Symmes  (1734)  was  first  sergeant;  Aaron  Bord- 

man  (1736),  second  sergeant;    Moses  Deshon  (1737),  third  sergeant;   Thomas  Drowne 

(1737),  fourth  sergeant,  and  William  Taylor  (1738),  clerk. 

Rev.  Mather  Byles.    Authorities:  Sprague's  American  Literature,  Vol.  H.,  p.  192;  Tudor's  Life 

Annals  of  American  Pulpit,  Vol.  I.,  p.  376;   Drake's  of  Otis;  Allen's  Biog.  Diet.;  Polyanthos,  IV. ;  Mem. 

Landmarks  of  Boston,  p.  412;   Chaney's  Hist.  Dis-  Hist,  of  Bjston,  Vols.  II.  and  III.;   Sabine's  Ameri- 

courses  on  Hollis  Street  Church;  Tyler's  Hist,  of  can  Loyalists. 


18 


HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[i  741 


The  fortifying  of  the  town  —  a  subject  which  had  constantly  been  brought  up  in  the 
town  meetings,  and  ever  received  the  support  of  the  prominent  members  of  the  Artillery 
Company — was  again  brought  up  in  March,  1741.  It  was  desired  to  reduce  the  width 
of  the  channel  below  Castle  William,  to  remove  the  encroachments  on  Fort  Hill,  and 
to  repair  the  North  and  South  batteries.  The  expense  of  the  first  was  estimated  at 
eighteen  thousand  two  hundred  pounds.  The  matter  was  kept  before  the  town  and  the 
Legislature  until  the  general  government  took  charge  of  it,  when  the  town  was  put  in  a 
good  condition  for  defence,  in  174 1-4,  by  the  combined  efforts  of  the  town  and  the 
province.     Dea.  Jonathan  Williams  (1711)  was  prominent  in  the  above-mentioned  work. 

May  22,  1741,  Hon.  Jacob  Wendell  (1733),  Abiel  Walley,  Esq.  (1710),  and  Hugh 
Hall,  Esq.,  were  appointed  a  committee  "  to  protect  such  Coasters  as  may  bring  Provis- 
ions, Wood,  &c.  [to  Boston]  from  being  Impressed  on  board  His  Majesties  Ships  of 
War,  lying  in  the  Harbour." 

A  company  of  Cadets  was  organized,  Oct.  16,  1741,1  of  which  Lieut. -Col.  Benjamin 
Pollard  (1726)  was  commissioned  commander  by  Gov.  William  Shirley.     The  first  mili- 


1  In  November,  1776,  a  petition  was  presented 
to  the  "  Honorable  Council  and  the  Honorable  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  said  State  [Massachu- 
setts Bay]  in  General  Court  assembled,"  by  a  com- 
mittee of  the  Boston  Independent  Military  Company, 
consisting  of  John  "Barrett,  William  Gale,  Henry 
Bromfield,  Joseph  Coolidge,  and  Benjamin  Ham- 
mett,  Jr.,  praying  for  an  act  of  incorporation,  "  agree- 
ably to  the  spirit  and  intention  of  the  articles"  or 
regulations  submitted  with  the  petition.  The  prayer 
of  the  petitioners  was  granted  by  the  General  Court, 
Dec.  7,  1776,  so  far  as  to  authorize  the  granting  of 
commissions  "  to  the  gentlemen  chosen  by  said 
Company,"  viz. :  John  Hancock,  first  officer;  Henry 
Jackson,  second  officer;  Benjamin  Hichborn,  third 
officer;  Perez  Morton,  fourth  officer,  and  John 
Steel  Tyler,  fifth  officer. 

The  regulations  presented  to  the  court  were 
signed  by  sixty-eight  persons,  of  whom  the  following 
were,  or  became,  members  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company;  viz.,  Samuel  Gore 
(1786),  William  Cunningham  (1786),  Benjamin 
Edes  (1760),  John  Boyle  (1769),  Elisha  Sigourney 
(1788),  Thomas  Newell,  Jr.  (1786),  John  Wheel- 
wright (1794). 

In  1777,  the  above-named  company,  under 
command  of  its  second  officer,  Lieut. -Col.  Henry 
Jackson,  went  to  Rhode  Island,  but  soon  returned, 
and  was  discharged  from  public  service  May  5, 1777. 
The  company  says  in  its  original  petition  that  it 
expects  "  to  be  marched  into  the  field  and  ordered 
to  such  posts  and  stations  as  they  may  be  most 
likely  to  answer  the  end  of  their  association."  The 
"  usefulness  of  the  design  is  the  strongest  argument 
for  granting  the  prayer."  Probably  this  company 
disbanded  when  the  necessity  of  actual  service 
ceased. 

"Every  friend  in  America  will  hear  with  pleas- 
ure that  the  spirit  of  emulation  for  perfection  in 
military  exercise  which,  prior  to  the  late  revolution, 
so  nobly  displayed  itself  throughout  this  State,  and 
which  gave  the  line  of  the  army  belonging  to  this 
Commonwealth  a  deserved  prominence,  begins  to 
break  forth.  A  company  of  Independent  Cadels, 
composed  principally  of  young  gentlemen  in  the 
mercantile  line,  has  been  formed  within  these  few 


days  in  this  town,  and  which  is  now  in  great  for- 
wardness."—  Muss.  Centincl,  Aug.  3,  1785. 

It  is  said  that  the  above-mentioned  organiza- 
tion was  suggested  in  the  month  of  July,  1785,  when 
a  number  of  young  men  formed  a  volunteer  caval- 
cade to  escort  Gov.  Bowdoin  to  Cambridge  on  com- 
mencement day,  and  to  Boston  on  his  return.  While 
on  this  duty,  it  was  suggested  that  a  new  company 
be  organized  which  should  serve  as  an  escort  to  the 
governors  or  commanders-in-chief  on  public  occa- 
sions. 

"The  committee  for  approbating  members  for 
the  Corps  of  Cadets  now  raising  will  meet  for  that 
purpose  at  the  Green  Dragon  to-morrow  evening  at 
seven  o'clock."  —  Mass.  Centinel,  Oct.  5,  1785. 

Nearly  a  year  passed,  when  the  following  ap- 
peared :  — 

"Boston,  Wednesday,  Sept.  27,  1786.  On 
Saturday  morning  last,  the  new  raised  company  of 
Cadets  went  through  the  exercises  and  performed  a 
number  of  military  evolutions  on  the  Common  in 
this  town.  We  are  told  that  this  Company  intend 
honoring  the  17th  of  October  with  their  first  public 
appearance  in  uniform."  —  Boston  Newspaper. 

In  answer  to  the  petition  of  Lieut.-Col.  Samuel 
Bradford  and  his  associates,  the  Legislature,  on  the 
1 8lh  of  October,  1786,  passed  resolves  authcrizing 
and  empowering  the  governor  to  commission  the 
officers  of  the  Independent  Company  of  Cadets.  On 
the  following  day  the  company  had  its  first  parade 
under  this  organization.  The  corps  has  continued 
until  the  present  time.  Its  records  from  1786  to 
1795  were  destroyed  by  fire,  but  it  is  supposed  the 
corps  did  escort  duty  to  the  governors  during  those 
nine  years.  From  1795  to  1831,  except  in  1822, 
and  from  1832  to  1872  inclusive,  the  corps  per- 
formed that  duty  on  the  first  Wednesday  in  January 
each  year.  It  performed  the  same  service  in  1S74, 
but  it  was  omitted  in  1873  and  1875. 

It  therefore  appears  that  the  original  company 
of  Cadets,  chartered  in  1741,  disbanded  in  1774; 
the  Independent  Company,  chartered  in  1776,  dis- 
banded when  active  service  in  the  Revolution 
ceased;  and  the  present  corps  of  Cadets  was  char- 
tered Oct.  18,  1786. 


i74I]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  19 

tary  duty  performed  by  this  company  was  in  1741,  when  it  escorted  Gov.  Shirley  to  the 
boundaries  of  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  being  on  his  way  to  Rhode  Island 
for  the  purpose  of  adjusting  the  boundary  line  between  that  colony  and  the  colony  of 
Plymouth,  which  had  been  annexed  to  Massachusetts.  It  is  said  that  from  1 74 1  until 
the  summer  of  1  774  this  company  was  recognized  as  the  body-guard  of  the  successive 
governors,  and  was  detailed  to  perform  escort  duty. 

Gov.  Thomas  Gage  arrived  in  Boston  and  landed  at  Long  Wharf,  May  19,  1774, 
and  was  escorted  to  the  Old  State  House  by  the  Cadets,  then  under  the  command  of 
Col.  John  Hancock.1  It  was  the  custom  for  each  successive  governor  to  present  to  the 
company  a  standard  having  on  one  side  the  arms  of  the  province  and  on  the  other  the 
coat  of  arms  of  the  donor.  With  this  usage  Gov.  Gage  complied.  Col.  Hancock  was, 
a  few  months  later,  dismissed  from  his  command  by  the  governor  in  accordance  with 
the   following  order  :  — 

"Sir,  —I  am  directed  by  his  Excellency,  the  captain-general,  to  acquaint  you  that 
he  has  no  further  service  for  you,  as  captain  of  the  governor's  company  of  Cadets,  and 
you  are  hereby  dismissed  from  that  command. 

"  I  am,  sir,  your  most  obedient  humble  servant, 

"(Signed)  Jno.  Flucker,  Sec'y." 

The  Cadets  were  incensed  at  this  summary  proceeding,  and  a  committee  of  the 
corps  waited  on  the  governor.  The  standard  which  he  presented  was  returned,  and 
they  informed  Gov.  Gage  that  they  considered  the  dismissal  of  their  commander  equiv- 
alent to  the  disbandment  of  the  company.  The  governor  received  the  standard,  and 
merely  remarked  that  had  he  known  their  intention  he  would  have  disbanded  the  corps 
himself.  The  removal  was  without  doubt  caused  by  Col.  Hancock's  refusal  to  concur  in 
the  political  views  and  purposes  of  the  governor.  "  On  the  dismissal  of  Col.  Hancock, 
the  company  of  Cadets  was  voluntarily  disbanded."  3 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1741  were  :  John  Dixwell,  John 
Milliken,  Thomas  Snow. 

John  Dixwell  (1741),  hardware  dealer,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Mary  (Prout) 
Dixwell,  and  grandson  of  John  Dixwell,  alias  James  Davids,  one  of  the  regicides  who 
settled  in  New  Haven,  was  born  in  171S.  John  Dixwell,  the  grandfather,  flying  from 
prosecution  as  one  of  the  regicides,  came  to  America  in  1664,  and  some  time  after 
settled  in  New  Haven,  where  he  was  known  as  James  Davids.  He  confessed  his  true 
name  at  the  time  of  his  decease,  March  18,  i68g.3  His  son  John  took  his  father's 
true  name,  removed  to  Boston,  was  a  goldsmith,  also  ruling  elder  of  the  new  North 
Church.  He  died  April  2,  1725,  leaving  three  children,  John  (1741)  being  seven 
years  of  age. 

John  Dixwell  (1741)  was  elected  scavenger  in   1746,  clerk  of  the  market  in  1747 

John    Dixwell    (1741).       AUTHORITY:    New  to  be  second  Major  of  llie  said  Company."  —  Boston 

l'.ng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1861,  1S7S.  Gazette. 

1  "Boston,  Monday,  June  6  [176S].     His  Ex-  %  Constitution  and  I5y  Laws  of  the  Independent 

cellency  the  Governor  hath  appointed  John  Han-  Company  of  Cadets,  1S54,  p.  4. 
cock,  Esq.,  to  be  the  first  Major  of  the  Independent  '  Savage's  Gen.  Diet.,  Vol.  II.,  p.  55. 

Company  of  Cadets,  and  William  Coffin,  Jr.,  Esq.. 


20  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i74I 

and  174S,  and  was  elected  constable  in  1747,  but  declined  to  serve.     He  was  clerk  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1743  and  1744,  and  he  died  May  14,  1749.' 

John  Millike  11  (1741),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  the  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth 
Milliken,  of  Boston. 

John  Melecan,  Jr.,  was  elected  clerk  of  the  market  in  1731,  and  John  Milliken 
( 1  74 1 ),  doubtless  the  same  person,  was  constable  in  1735. 

June  19,  1727,  John  Milliken,  Sr.,  "in  Hanover  Street,"  advertised  in  the  New  Eng- 
land Weekly  Journal  "  a  young  negro  woman  "  for  sale. 

Thomas  Snow  (1741),  of  Boston.  Susanna,  daughter  of  Thomas  (1741)  and 
Susanna  Snow,  was  born  in  Boston,  June  23,  1741. 

Mr.  Snow  (1741)  was  elected  a  constable  of  Boston,  May  19,  1742,  and  scavenger  in 
1753.     He  served  as  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1746. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1741  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  10th,  1741.  The  Company,  being  under  arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Samuel  Phillips  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  sermon,  and  the  present  commission 
officers,  with  the  field  officers,  be  a  committee  to  request  it  of  him.  Returned  answer 
that  it  was  accepted  by  him. 

"June  1st.  In  the  evening,  after  lodging  the  Colours  ;  voted,  that  the  present  com- 
mission officers,  with  those  of  the  last  year,  and  the  field  officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the 
town  of  Boston,  be  a  committee  to  give  the  thanks  of  this  Company  to  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Samuel  Phillips  for  his  sermon  preached  to  them  this  day. 

"Oct.  5th,  1 74 1.  Voted,  that  the  report  of  the  committee  appointed  by  this  Company 
to  examine  the  accounts  of  the  late  Clerks  be  received  and  recorded  by  the  present 
Clerk  in  the  book  of  accounts,  belonging  to  the  Company.  Voted,  that  the  balance  due 
from  Mr.  Bartholomew  Gedney  [1726]  being  fifty  shillings  and  one  pence,  and  from  Mr. 
Thomas  Simpkins  [1727],  five  pounds,  nineteen  shillings,  two  former  Clerks,  be  paid  to 
the  Treasurer  of  this  Company.  Voted,  that  the  balance  due  to  Mr.  Nathaniel  Thayer 
[1734]  of  fifty-four  shillings  and  four  pence,  a  former  Clerk,  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  of 
this  Company.  Voted,  as  there  is  a  list,  taken  by  the  present  Clerk,  from  the  several 
former  Clerks'  lists,  of  what  fines  that  are  now  due  to  the  Company  from  the  members, 
who  now  belong  to  the  same,  to  the  amount  of  ^24.  7.  6/1.  it's  desired  that  the  present 
Clerk  collect  those  fines  ;  and  he  has  full  power  to  demand,  or  to  excuse  any  that  are  in 
debt,  as  per  this  list,  if  there  has  been  any  mistake  committed  by  the  former  Clerks, 
it  appearing  to  the  present  Clerk's  satisfaction ;  and  to  make  report  in  April  next. 
Voted,  that  the  Treasurer's  account  be  received ;  balance  due  the  Company  ,£96. 
3.  and  be  recorded  by  the  Clerk  in  the  Company's  book  of  accounts.  Also  it  is  desired 
that  the  Treasurer,  as  soon  as  he  has  got  as  much  of  the  Company's  money  as  will  make 
this  sum  ;£ioo.  to  let  it  out  at  interest  for  the  use  of  the  Company,  and  to  take  good 
security.     Voted,  that  there  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  to  the  present  commission  officers, 

1  "On   the    141I1   inst   [May,   1749]    died   here  by  all  his  acquaintance.     He  was  son  to  Mr.  John 

much  lamented,  and  on  the   i6lh  was  decently  in-  Dixwell,  late  of  this  place,  and  grandson  of  John 

terred,  (the  Gentlemen  Cadets  among  whom  he  was  Dixwell  of  the  Priory  of  Folkstone  in  the  County  of 

an  officer,  attending  the  funeral),  Mr.  John  Dixwell  Kent,  England,  who  came  over  into  New  England 

[1741]  aged  31  years,  a  considerable  dealer  in  the  about   the  year   1660  and   settled  at  New  Haven, 

ironmongery  way,  a  young  gentleman  exceedingly  Connecticut.     He  left  one  son  and  one  daughter." 

beloved  and  esteemed  for  his  many  good  qualities  — Independent  Advertiser,  May  22,  1749. 


i742l  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  2  1 

the  sum  of  thirty  pounds,  in  order  to  help  them  to  defray  the  extraordinary  charge  they 
will  be  at  in  the  entertaining  the  Company  on  the  Election  day,  and  the  same  to  be 
paid  yearly  by  the  Treasurer  to  the  commission  officers,  that  shall  be  hereafter  chosen  to 
serve  this  Company,  it  being  for  the  same  end,  and  this  to  continue  till  it  is  revoked  by 
the  Company. 

Rev.  Samuel  Phillips,  of  Andover,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1741. 
He  was  the  eldest  child  of  Samuel  and  Mary  (Emerson)  Phillips,  of  Salem,  and  was  born 
in  that  town  Feb.  17,  1690.  His  paternal  grandfather  was  Rev.  Samuel  Phillips,  of 
Rowley,  and  his  maternal  grandfather  Rev.  John  Emerson,  of  Gloucester.  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1708,  taught  school  the  following  year  at  Chebacco,  and  the 
next  year  he  began  his  theological  study.  He  was  invited  to  become  the  pastor  of 
the  South  Parish  Church,  Andover,  and  began  to  preach  there  in  April,  17 10.  He  was 
ordained  Oct.  17,  171 1,  on  which  occasion  he  preached  the  ordination  sermon.  He 
continued  as  pastor  of  this  church  for  sixty-one  years,  and  died  June  5,  1771,  in  the 
eighty-second  year  of  his  age. 

Mr.  Phillips  married,  Jan.  7,  1712,  Hannah  White,  of  Haverhill.  She  died  Jan.  11, 
1773,  aged  eighty-two  years.  They  had  five  children,  —  three  sons  and  two  daughters. 
Their  sons,  John  and  Samuel,  were  noted  for  their  liberality  in  educational  work. 
Together  they  founded  Phillips  Academy  in  Andover,  and  John,  in  addition,  established 
a  professorship  of  divinity  at  Dartmouth  College,  and  founded  and  endowed  Phillips 
Academy  of  Exeter,  N.  H. 

Rev.  Samuel  Phillips,  of  Andover,  was  a  brother  of  Col.  John  Phillips,  of  Boston, 
who  commanded  the  Artillery  Company  in  1747  and  1759. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1742  were:    Samuel 

[  742.  Watts  (I733)>  captain;  Henry  Berry  (1733),  lieutenant;  Jonathan  Williams, 

•      '         Jr.   (1729),  ensign.     Nathaniel  Thayer   (1734)   was    first  sergeant;    Joseph 

Edwards   (1738),  second   sergeant;    Jacob  Emmons    (1738),  third    sergeant;    Joseph 

Jackson  (1738),  fourth  sergeant,  and  William  Taylor  (1738),  clerk. 

The  erection  of  the  market-house,  donated  to  the  town  by  Peter  Faneuil,  was  begun 
Sept.  8,  1740,  and  completed  Sept.  10,  1742.  A  meeting  of  the  town  was  held  Sept.  13, 
1742,  when  Hon.  Adam  Winthrop  (1692),  Thomas  Hutchinson,  Esq.  (1694),  Hon. 
Edward  Hutchinson  (1702),  Samuel  Waldo,  and  Hon.  Ezekiel  Lewis  (1707)  were  chosen 
a  committee  to  draw  up  a  vote  of  thanks  to  be  given  Peter  Faneuil,  Esq.,  "  for  his  noble 
and  generous  benefaction."  The  committee  reported  at  that  meeting,  concluding  their 
report  as  follows  :  That  "  Hon.  Thomas  Cushing  [1691],  Hon.  Adam  Winthrop  [1692], 
Edward  Hutchinson  [1702],  Ezekiel  Lewis  [1707],  Samuel  Waldo,  Thomas  Hutchinson 
[1694],  Esqs. ;  the  selectmen  and  representatives  of  the  town  of  Boston,  Hon.  Jacob 
Wendell  [1733],  James  Bowdoin,  Andrew  Oliver,  Esqs.;  Capt.  Nathaniel  Cunningham 
[1720],  Peter  Chardon,  Esq.,  and  Mr.-Charles  Apthorp  wait  upon  Peter  Faneuil,  Esq., 
in  the  name  of  the  town,  to  render  him  their  most  hearty  thanks  for  so  bountiful  a  gift," 
etc.     Thomas  Hutchinson,  Esq.  (1694),  then  moved  that,  "in  testimony  of  the  town's 

Rev.  Samuel  Phillips.  Authorities:  Abbot's  Hist,  of  Andover;  Sprague's  Annals  of  American 
Pulpit,  Vol.  L,  p.  273;   Wisner's  Sermon  on  the  death  of  Hon.  William  Phillips,  son  of  Rev.  Samuel. 


22  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i742 

gratitude  to  the  said  Peter  Faneuil,  Esq.,  and  to  perpetuate  his  memory,  the  town  would 
now  pass  a  vote  that  the  hall  over  the  market-place  be  named  '  Faneuil  Hall,'  and  at  all 
times  hereafter  be  called  and  known  by  that  name"  ;  which  motion  was  passed  unani- 
mously in  the  affirmative. 

Sept.  17,  1742,  Mr.  Faneuil  was  requested  by  the  town  to  nominate  a  clerk  of  the 
market,  and  he  named  Mr.  Thomas  Jackson  (1716),  merchant,  who  was  unanimously 
chosen  by  the  town. 

His  Excellency  the  Governor  notified  the  selectmen  that  he  had  received  from  "  my 
Lord  Chamberlain  "  his  Majesty's  picture,  a  present  to  the  town  of  Boston,  to  be  hung 
up  in  Faneuil  Hall.  The  town  selected  Hon.  Adam  Winthrop  (1692),  Samuel  Waldo, 
and  Ezekiel  Lewis  (1707),  Esqs.,  to  express  its  thanks  to  the  governor  for  the  present.. 
The  building,  erected  in  1740-2,  was  of  brick,  one  hundred  by  forty  feet.  It  was 
injured  by  fire  in  1761,  repaired  by  a  lottery  fund  in  1763,  and  enlarged  and  completed 
in  its  present  form  March  10,  1806.  Mr.  Faneuil  died  March  3,  1742-3,  aged  forty  years 
and  about  nine  months.  March  14,  1744,  the  town  "voted  to  purchase  the  Faneuil 
Arms,  elegantly  carved  and  gilt  by  Moses  Deshon  [1737],  to  be  fixed  in  the  hall." 

The  journal  of  Benjamin  Walker,  Jr.,  thus  refers  to  the  death  and  burial  of  Peter 
Faneuil,  the  donor  to  Boston  of  Faneuil  Hall,  where  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company  has  for  so  many  years  had  its  headquarters  :  — 

"Thursday  3  [March,  1743].  Peter  Faneuil  Esq',  between  2  &  3  a  clock  in 
ye  afternoon  dyed  of  a  dropsical  complyca  [tion],  he  was  a  fat,  squat,  Lame  [man]  hip 
short,  went  with  high  heeld  shoe  (In  my  opinion  a  great  loss  too  This  Town  aged  42. 
8  m.)  &  I  think  by  what  I  have  hear'd  has  done  more  Charitable  deeds  than  any  man 
y'  ever  liv'd  in  this  Town  &  for  whom  I  am  very  sorry. 

"March  10.  Peter  Faneuil,  Esqr  buried.  Bearers,  Mess™  Tom.  Lechmere,  Josh 
Winslow,  Jn°  Wheelwright,  And.  Oliver,  Jn°  Gooch,  Jn°  Wendall  went  round  ye  Town 
house. 

"Thursda  10.  Burried  Peter  Faneuil,  Esqr  in  43"  year  of  age,  a  fatt,  corpulen, 
brown,  squat  man,  hip  short,  lame  fro  childhood." 

A  manuscript  note  in  William  Nadir's  almanac,  under  date  of  March  10,  1743,  says  : 
"Mr.  Peter  Faneuil,  Esqr  burried.    a  very  large  funeral  went  round  ye  Town  house, 
gave  us  gloves  at  ye  funeral  but  sent  yc  gloves  on  ye  n  day.  his  Cofin  cover[ed]  w,h  black 
velvet,  &  plated  with  yellow  plates." 

The  first  meeting  of  the  citizens  of  Boston  held  in  Faneuil  Hall,  other  than  a  town 
meeting,  was  held  on  Monday,  March  14,  1742-3,  when  Mr.  John  Lovell,  master  of  the 
South  Grammar  School,  "  made  an  handsome  Oration  on  the  Death  of  Peter  Faneuil, 
Esq.,  to  the  great  acceptance  of  the  Town."  l 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1742  were:  Joseph  Belknap, 
Nathan  Blodgett,  Joseph  Butler,  Benjamin  Church,  Thomas  Johnson,  Jr.,  Caleb  Phillips. 

Joseph  Belknap  (1742),  leather  dresser,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jeremiah  (1711),  grand- 
son of  Joseph  (1692),  and  great-grandson  of  Joseph  (1658),  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb. 
22,  1716.  His  brother,  Jeremiah,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1745.  Lieut. 
Joseph  (1742)  married,  July  31,  1741,  Sarah,  daughter  of  Rev.  Mather  Byles.     Jeremy 

Joseph  Belknap  (1742).  AUTHORITY:  Bos-  port  of  the  Record  Commissioners,  Boston  Records, 
ton  Records.  1742-1757.  PP-  >4-i°- 

1  The  oration  is  printed  in  the  Fourteenth  Re- 


i742]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  23 

Belknap,  who  wrote  the  history  of  New  Hampshire  and  several  volumes  of  American 
biography,  born  June  4,  1744,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1762,  was  a  son  of 
Joseph  (1742)  and  Sarah  (Byles)  Belknap. 

Lieut.  Joseph  (1742)  was  elected  constable  of  Boston  in  1745,  but,  declining  to 
serve,  paid  the  fine.  He  served  as  scavenger  in  1748  and  1749,  and  as  "  informer  of 
deer"  from  1755  to  1762  inclusive.  He  was  a  clerk  of  the  market  in  1763.  Feb.  n, 
1756,  a  committee  representing  the  various  trades  was  appointed  by  the  town  to  make 
inquiry  and  report  as  to  the  decline  of  their  respective  trades  in  Boston  since  1746,  and 
reduce  the  same  to  writing.  Joseph  Belknap  (1742)  was  one  of  that  committee.  He 
was  then  called  "leather  dresser."  He  was  a  member  of  the  Boston  militia,  and  became 
a  lieutenant.  In  1746  he  served  as  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company.  He  joined 
the  Old  South  Church,  Nov.  16,  1735,  and  died  at  Dover,  N.  H.,  August,  1797,  aged 
eighty^one  years. 

Nathan  Blodgett  (1742),  of  Woburn,  son  of  Samuel  and  Huldah  (Simonds)  Blodgett, 
and  uncle  of  Seth  (1756),  was  born  in  Woburn,  March  15,  1704. 
He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1745. 

Joseph  Butler  (1742),  carpenter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Matthew  and  Sarah  Butler,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Dec.  28,  17 13.     He  married,  June  1,  1738,  Sarah  Hunt,  of  Boston. 

He  was  elected  constable  of  Boston,  March  15,  1742,  and  was  a  viewer  of  boards 
and  shingles  from  1753  to  1756;  was  excused  the  latter  year,  but  was  re-elected  from 
1769  to  1777  inclusive.  He  had  charge  of  the  scavenger  work  in  Ward  4  during  1776 
and  1777.  In  1746  he  served  as  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company.  His  brother 
John  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1745.  He  lived  in  Salutation  Alley,  and  died 
there,  March  n,  1793,  aged  seventy-nine  years. 

Benjamin  Church  (1742),  vendue-master,  of  Boston,  was  the  only  son  of  Edward 
and  Elizabeth  Church,  and  grandson  of  Col.  Benjamin  Church,  of  Little  Compton,  R.  I. 
Benjamin  Church  (1742),  recorded  as  of  Newport,  married  Hannah  Dyer,  of  Boston, 
March  6,  1731.  "Hannah  Church,  widow  of  Deacon  Benjamin  Church,"  died  March  24, 
1794,  aged  seventy-nine  years.  Their  dwelling-house  was  on  Newbury  (Washington) 
Street.     He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1727. 

May  4,  1743,  Mr.  Benjamin  Church  (1742)  petitioned  the  town  for  "the  grant  of 
Wheeler's  Pond  and  the  land  thereunto  belonging."  Pond  Street  ran  from  Wheeler's 
Corner  (Bedford  and  Washington  streets)  by  Wheeler's  Pond  toward  Wheeler's  Point, 
near  the  foot  of  Summer  Street.  Dea.  Church  (1742)  lived  near  this  pond.  In  1739, 
the  town  contemplated  filling  it  up  ;  in  1743,  Mr.  Church  (1742)  asked  the  town  to  give 
it  to  him,  and,  in  1753,  a  piece  of  land,  less  than  fifty  by  one  hundred  feet,  including 
the  pond,  was  sold  by  the  town  at  auction  to  Mr.  David  Wheeler,  father  of  Lieut.  Wheeler, 
Jr.  (1765),  for  fifty-one  pounds. 

Benjamin  Church  (1742)  served  as  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1745,  and  was  an 
assessor  from  1752  to  1777  inclusive.  In  1764,  he  was  chosen  a  warden,  and  May  n, 
1773,  was  one  of  the  committee  chosen  to  locate  the  street  lamps.  He  then  represented 
Ward  12.     April  13,  1763,  a  memorial  of  Benjamin  Church  (1742),  setting  forth  that 

Joseph  Butler  (1742).    Authority :  Boston  Benjamin  Church  (1742).  Authority:  New 

Records.  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1857,  p.  155. 


24  HISTORY    OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i742 

"  he  had  the  misfortune  of  having  a  house  burnt  in  the  late  fire,  and  another,  occupied 
by  Hanners  and  Smith,  valued  at  one  hundred  and  twenty  pounds,  pulled  down  to  the 
ground  in  order  to  prevent  the  spreading  of  the  fire,  and  praying  satisfaction  may  be 
made,"  was  presented  to  the  town.  It  was  unanimously  voted  that  no  allowance  be  made 
Benjamin  Church  (1742)  died  Oct.  10,  1781.1 

Thomas  Johnson,  Jr.  (1742),  escutcheon  maker,  of  Boston,  was  the  son  of  Thomas. 
He  was  published  May  2,  1739,  to  marry  "Susanna  Mackmillion." 

He  built  the  first  organ  of  American  manufacture  used  in. Boston.  March  16,  1747, 
he  petitioned  the  town  for  permission  to  build  a  shop  on  the  north  side  of  Faneuil  Hall, 
"on  the  town's  land  at  the  head  of  the  dock,"  which  was  disallowed  by  the  town.  He 
died  in  1765,  and  was  buried  in  King's  Chapel  Burial-Ground. 

Caleb  Phillips  (1742),  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Caleb  and  Hannah  Phillips,  was  born  in 
Roxbury,  Oct.  5,  1705.  He  married,2  Dec.  31,  1730,  Elizabeth  Wentworth,  daughter  of 
Samuel  Wentworth  (1693).  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1747, 
its  clerk  in  1747  and  1748,  and  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1742  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  5th,  1742.  The  Company,  being  under  arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Seth  Storer,  of  Watertown,  to  preach  the  Artillery  sermon  in  June  next,  and 
voted,  that  the  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  with  Mr.  Ebenezer  Storer  [1732], 
be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  request  the  same. 

"May  7th,  1742.  The  committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Seth  Storer 
to  desire  him  to  preach  the  Election  sermon,  returned  that  it  was  Mr.  Storer's  desire 
he  might  be  excused  for  several  considerations  and  prayed  that  we  might  have  the 
smiles  of  Heaven  that  day.  The  Company,  being  under  arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  John  Taylor,  of  Milton,  to  preach  the  Election  sermon,  on  Mr.  Storer's  refusal ;  and 
voted  that  the  field  officers,  with  the  commission  officers  of  this  Company  and  Mr. 
William  Taylor  [1738],  Clerk  of  the  Company,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and 
request  the  same ;  and  in  case  of  his  refusing,  the  above  committee  were  voted  to  get  a 
minister  for  to  preach  on  that  day. 

"June  7th.  The  Company  being  underarms;  voted,  that  the  present  commission 
officers,  with  those  to  be  chosen  this  day  be  a  committee  to  return  the  Rev.  Mr.  John 
Taylor  thanks  for  preaching  the  Election  Sermon." 

Rev.  Seth  Storer,  of  Watertown,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election  sermon 
in  1742,  but  "he  desired  to  be  excused."  He  was  the  youngest  son  of  Col.  Joseph  and 
Hannah  (Hill)  Storer,  of  Wells,  Me.,  a  brother  of  Capt.  Ebenezer  Storer  (1732)  and  of 
Capt.  John  Storer  (1739),  and  was  born  May  26,  1702.  He  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1720;  was  called  Feb.  3,  and  ordained  in  Watertown,  July  22,  1724.  He 
died  Nov.  27,  1774,  after  a  ministry  of  more  than  fifty  years. 

Rev.  Seth  Storer.   Authority:  Bond's  Hist.  son,    Benjamin    (1742),    also  vendue-master    and 

of  Watertown.  deacon  of  Dr.  Byles's  church.   This  Benjamin  (1742) 

'  Col.    Benjamin    Church,    the    warrior,   who  was  the  father  of  Dr.  Benjamin  Church,  a  distin- 

vesided  in  Little  Compton  and  Bristol,  R.  I.,  had,  guished  patriot  at  the  commencement  of  the  Revolu- 

by  Alice   (Southworth)    Church,    Edward    Church,  tion,  but  a  traitor  at  its  close. 

of  Boston,  vendue-master.    The  latter  married  Eliza-  2  "  Caleb  Phillips  was  published  to  marry  Mary 

beth ,  who  died  April  18,  1766.     They  had  one  Henkley,  Sept.  19,1739."  —  Boston  Records. 


./ 


LaM 


i743]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  25 

Rev.  John  Taylor,  of  Milton,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1742.     He 
was  a  son  of  John  and  Ann  (Winslovv)  Taylor,  and  brother  of  Col.  William  Taylor  ( 1 738) 
clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1742  and  its  captain  in  1760. 

Rev.  John  Taylor  was  born  in  1704,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1721,  and 
settled  in  Milton,  Nov.  13,  1728,  as  pastor  of  the  church.  He  held  this  relation  for 
twenty-one  years,  and  died  Jan.  26,  1750.  Dr.  Chauncy  said  of  Mr.  Taylor  :  "  Few  men 
were  more  universally  loved  while  they  lived,  and  lamented  when  dead."  Rev.  Thomas 
Thacher  spoke  of  him  "  as  remarkable  for  his  high  rank  in  the  republic  of  letters,  for  his 
uniform  virtues  and  elegant  social  manners."  His  residence  stood  where  the  town  hall 
in  Milton  now  stands.     There  he  lived  and  died. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1 743  were  :    Joseph 

[7A'2.  Dwight  (1734),  captain;  Jabez  Hunt  (1727),  lieutenant ;  John  Salter  (1727), 

'      !«-'     ensign.     Daniel  Watts   (1736)   was  first  sergeant;    William  Taylor  (1738), 

second  sergeant;  William  Simpkins  (1739),  third  sergeant;  James  Butler  (1739),  fourth 

sergeant,  and  John  Dixwell  (1741),  clerk. 

Capt.  Nathaniel  Cunningham  (1720),  Thomas  Hutchinson  (1694),  and  Joseph 
Marion,  appointed  in  May,  1742,  reported  to  the  town,  March  16,  1742-3,  upon  the 
distressed  state  of  the  town  of  Boston.  It  was  presented  to  get  a  reduction  of  the  prov- 
ince tax.  The  committee  compares  the  state  of  the  town  in  1735  and  1742.  During 
these  seven  years  the  general  trade  of  the  town  diminished  one  half;  distilling  business 
one  third  ;  cod-fishery  became  very  small;  trade  to  the  West  Indies  "almost  nothing"; 
trade  to  London  "  altered  for  the  worse " ;  town  expenses,  on  account  of  the  poor, 
increased  from  ^2,069  in  1735  to  ^4,800  in  1740;  whole  town  rate  increased  from 
^8,600  in  1738  to  ;£i  1,000  in  1742,  and  the  polls  decreased  423  in  four  years,  being, 
in  1738,  3,395,  and  in  1741,  2,972.  Provisions  greatly  increased  in  price,  and  the 
support  of  the  ministry  of  Boston,  which  was  ,£8,000  in  1735,  was  ^12,000  in  1742. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1 743  were  :  John  Gore,  Jacob 
Hurd,  Kenelm  Winslow,  Jr. 

John  Gore  (1743),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Obadiah  and  Sarah  (Kilby)  Gore,  of 
Boston,  was  born  Dec.  29,  1718.  He  married,  May  5,  1743,  Frances,  daughter  of  John 
Pinckney.  She  was  born  Sept.  20,  1726.  They  had  thirteen  or  more  children,  nine  of 
whom  lived  to  be  married.  Capt.  John  (1743)  was  a  great-grandson  of  John  Gore 
(1638),  and  the  father  of  Samuel  Gore  (1786)  and  of  Christopher  Gore,  governor  of 
Massachusetts.     He  was  also  grandfather  of  Lieut.  Christopher  Gore  (1814). 

Capt.  John  (1743)  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1747,  also  in 
1755,  and  lieutenant  in  1758.  He  was  elected  constable  of  Boston,  March  13,  1743,  but 
declined  to  serve  and  paid  the  fine.  He  was  clerk  of  the  market  in  1752  and  1753; 
warden  in  1764  and  1 77 1,  and  overseer  of  the  poor  from  1767  to  1774  inclusive.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  and,  in  1759,  was  senior  warden  of  the  First 
Lodge  in  Boston,  of  which,  at  that  time,  Adino  Paddock  (1762)  was  master  and  Joseph 
Webb  (1761)  junior  warden. 

Rev.    John   Taylor.      Authority:    Teele's  John   Gore  (1743).     Authorities:   Boston 

Hist,  of  Milton,  1640  to  1887,  pp.  255-257.  Records;   Sabine's  American  Loyalists. 


26  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['743 


"He  was  an  addresser  of  Gage,  went  to  Halifax  in  1776,  was  banished  in  1778,  and 
pardoned  by  the  Legislature  in  1787."  '  He  died  Jan.  15,  1796,  and  his  will  is  in  the 
Suffolk  Registry,  Lib.  94,  f.  1.82.     His  tomb  is  No.  2  in  the  Granary  Burial-Ground.2 

Jacob  Hurd  (1743),  goldsmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jacob  and  Elizabeth  (Tufts)  Hurd, 
of  Charlestown,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1702-3,  and  married,  May  20,  1725,  Elizabeth  Mason. 
He  was  elected  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1731,  but  declined  and  paid  the  fine. 
Nov.  1,  1733,  he  resided  in  Pudding  Lane  (Devonshire  Street,  between  State  and 
Water),  when  he  was  allowed  to  dig  up  the  pavement  to  lay  a  drain  ;  also  in  June,  1734. 
May  2*5,  1735,  he  gave  five  pounds  towards  the  erection  of  the  workhouse.  Having 
permitted  John  Bradshaw,  with  his  family,  from  Medford,  to  move  into  his  tenement, 
Mr.  Hurd  (1743)  was  ordered  to  appear  before  the  selectmen,  by  whom  he  was  fined 
forty  shillings,  "for  not  informing  the  selectmen  according  to  law."  He  was  prominent 
in  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  of  a  Boston  company. 

He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1 745,  soon  after  which  he  removed, 
and  became  one  of  the  first  settlers  at  Halifax,  N.  S.     He  died  there  about  1773. 

Kenelm  Winslow,  Jr.  (1743).  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Kenelm  and  Abigail 
(Waterman)  Winslow,  was  born  in  Marshfield,  Nov.  5,  1717.  He  married,  March  14, 
1754,  Abigail  Bourne,  of  Barnstable,  and  died  Aug.  13,  1780,  aged  sixty-three  years. 
His  wife,  Abigail,  died  June  21,  1761,  aged  thirty-two  years.  He  and  his  brother  Joseph 
(born  in  October,  1724)  became  merchants  in  Boston.  The  latter  became  involved  and 
failed,  which  ruined  the  financial  prospects  of  Kenelm,  Jr.  (1743),  and  the  ancestral 
estate  was  lost.3  Mr.  Winslow  (1743)  was  elected  a  constable  of  Boston,  March  15, 
'742-3,  but  refused  to  serve,  and  paid  the  usual  fine. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1743  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  4th,  1 743.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  a  motion  was  made  by  the  Captain 
to  reconsider  a  vote  passed  October,  1742  [1740],  which  obliged  the  Company  to  exer- 
cise according  to  Col.  Blakeney's  method,  which  passed  in  the  affirmative ;  and  then 
voted  for  the  future  to  exercise  according  to  Col.  Bland.  Voted,  that  the  Rev.  Mr. 
William  Hooper,  of  Boston,  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Election  sermon  ;  and  that 
the  field  officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  with  the  present  commission 
officers  of  this  Company,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same.  The 
evening  being  spent  at  Sergt  Nathaniel  Thayer's  [1734],  voted  to  receive  the  Treasurer's 
account ;  and  that  the  Clerk  copy  the  same.  The  Company  proceeded  to  the  choice  of 
a  committee,  viz  :  Col.  Jacob  Wendell  [1733],  Lt.-Col.  William  Downe  [1716],  Major 
Daniel  Henchman  [1712],  Capt.  Samuel  Watts  [1733],  and  Mr.  Samuel  Holyoke  [1714], 
for  the  following  reasons:— To  consider  what  allowance  further  shall  be  made  to  the 
commission  officers  of  this  Company,  to  ease  them  of  the  entertainment  to  be  made  next 
election  ;  to  settle  the  Clerk's  account  and  to  see  what  shall  be  proper  to  allow  him  for 
his  trouble  the  past  &  future,  and  to  any  Clerk  that  shall  be  chosen  hereafter ;  &  to 
report  what  shall  be  done  with  the  money  now  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer,  balance 

Jacob  Hurd  (1743)-     Authorities:  Boston  Hunnevvell,   on   South    Street,    Monday,    Jan.    iS, 

Records;   New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg,  1865.  1 796."  —  Boston  Newspaper. 

'  William  H.  Whitmore,  in  "Brief  Genealogy  ■>  See  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  for  gen- 

of  the  Gore  Family."  ealogy  of  Winslow  Family,  1863,  p.  160. 

2  "  He  was  buried  from  the  house  of  Jonathan 


i743]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  2J 

being  £54.  3/:  &  what  he  shall  have  in  his  hands  for  the  future;  &  to  consult  what 
shall  be  done,  as  to  the  raising  of  the  fines  for  their  not  appearing,  &  to  take  into 
consideration  what  shall  be  further  for  "the  advantage  of  the  Company,  &  make  report 
next  May  meeting. 

"May  6th,  1743,  Friday.  The  weather  proving  bad  last  Monday,  we  were  obliged 
to  appear  this  day  as  per  Charter,  and,  being  under  arms,  the  Captain  being  one  of  the 
committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  William  Hooper  to  desire  him  to  preach  the 
Election  sermon,  informed  the  Company  he  had  accepted  the  same.  After  reading 
the  report  of  the  committee  chosen  in  April  last,  to  consider  of  several  things  relating 
to  the  Company,  they  voted  one  by  one,  and  ordered  that  the  Clerk  copy  the  same. 
Voted,  that  the  Sergeants  hereafter  chosen  shall  be  obliged  to  return  the  Halberts  to 
those  that  shall  be  chosen  in  their  room ;  or  be  accountable  to  the  Company  in  case 
either  of  them  loose  their  Halberts. 

"A  motion  being  made  by  Maj.  Daniel  Henchman  [17 12],  to  have  a  duplicate  of 
their  book  of  Records  and  accounts,1  and  to  encourage  the  same,  he  promised  to  give  a 
handsome  book  for  that  purpose,  that  they  might  repair  these  in  case  of  any  accident 
happening  to  the  original  books ;  which  was  voted ;  &  that  Mr.  Samuel  Holyoke 
[17 14],  a  former  Clerk,  be  desired  to  transcribe  the  books,  and  when  it's  finished,  the 
original  is  always  to  be  in  the  possession  of  the  Treasurer  for  the  time  being.  Voted, 
that  the  time  appointed  hereafter,  on  the  half  days,  shall  be  at  three  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon ;  &  that  the  members  not  appearing  at  that  time  ready  to  march,  shall  be  liable 
to  a  fine  of  six  pence  new  tenour. 

"1743,  May  6th.  The  report  of  the  committee  as  follows  : — We  the  subscribers, 
being  appointed  by  the  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  at  their  meeting  on  the  fourth 
April  instant,  to  consider  of  several  things  for  the  benefit  of  the  Company,  agreeable  to 
their  votes  as  recorded  in  their  Book,  report  on  the  several  articles  as  follows  :  — 

1  As  will  be  seen  by  the  preceding  record,  Major  corner    (south    corner   of   State    and   Washington 

Daniel  Henchman  (1712)  introduced  a  motion  to  streets),  "and  that  the  place  of  parade  hereafter  be 

have  a  duplicate  of   the  records  of  the  Company  at  the  town-house."     The  lower  floor  of  the  "  old 

made,  and  gave  a  book  for  that  purpose.    The  tran-  town-house  "  served  "  for  a  covered  walk  for  any  of 

script  was  not  completed  until   1750.     Through  a  the  inhabitants,"  implying  there  was  considerable 

similar  foresight,  as   Mr.  Whitman  (1810)    in  his  open  area.     The   custom   of  placing  the  standard 

history  of  the  Company  states,  Major  Thomas  Sav-  there  in  the  morning,  to  be  a  notification  for  the 

age    (1637)    in    1680    ordered    Nathaniel    Barnes  training  until  the  Company  was  formed,  was  long 

(1676),  clerk,  to  make  "a  list  of  all  the  officers'  adhered  to.     After  Faneuil  Hall  armory  was  estab- 

names  of  this  Company,  which  have  been  since  their  lished,  —  "which   -Boston   was   obliged   to   furnish 

first  settlement,  as  far  as  any  account  is  to  be  found  for   the  Company,   having   received   Capt.    Robert 

thereof,"  etc.,  which  list  was  completed  in  Septem-  Keayne's  [1637]  donation  for  that  purpose,"  —  the 

ber,  1681.    To  the  foresight  of  Major  Savage  (1637)  Artillery  Company  met  and  formed  there,  though 

the  Company  is  indebted  for  the   preservation    of  the  colors  were  displayed  at   Henchman's  (1712) 

the  roll  of  its  members  and  officers  during  the  first  corner.    After  the  formation  of  the  line,  the  lieuten- 

fifty  years  of  the  Company,  and  no  less  to  Major  ant  with  the  color-guard   proceeded   to   bring  the 

Henchman  (1712)  for  the  preservation  of  the  former  standard  to  its  place  in  the  line.     This  ceremony 

lists,  completed  in  1750.     The  lists  of  officers  and  was  annually  repeated  from  1743  to   1795,  except 

members  of  the  Company  as  given,  prior  to  1750,  in  during  the  Revolutionary  War.     Monday,  June  2, 

this  work,   are  an  exact  copy  of  the   Savage  and  1795,  was  a  stormy  day,  and  the  colors  were  then 

Henchman  lists  and  records.     These  two  books  are  brought  from  Henchman's  (1712)  corner,  for  the 

now  in  the  possession  of  the  Company.  last   time,   by   Capt.   Joseph    Eaton    (1773),    then 

By  the  third  article,  adopted  May  6,  1743,  the  lieutenant  of  the  Company.     "Gen.  Arnold  Welles 

sergeants  were  provided  with  halberds.     This  was  [181 1],  who  commanded  the  Artillery  Company  in 

their  first  appearance  so  armed.  1811,  when  a  boy  served  his  time   in  the  corner 

"  Finally,"  it  was  proposed,  for  the  greater  con-  store,  and  had  charge  of  the  colors,  and  from  him 

venience  of  the  Company,  that  on  training  days  the  the  account  was  received."  —  Whitman's  Hist.  A. 

colors  be  displayed  at  Major  Henchman's  (1712)  and  H.  A.  Company,  zd  Ed.,  p.  294. 


28  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  r,-43 

"  i  st.  That  an  allowance  of  ten  pounds  more  than  what  was  before  voted,  be  granted 
to  the  commission  officers  towards  defraying  their  charge  on  the  day  of  Election,  to 
make  up  in  the  whole  the  sum  of  forty  pounds,  old  tenor,  to  be  paid  them  by  the  Com- 
pany's Treasurer. 

"  2d.  That  there  be  allowed  to  Mr.  William  Taylor  [1738],  the  present  Clerk,  the 
sum  of  six  pounds,  old  tenor,  for  his  extraordinary  trouble  in  collecting  the  fines  due 
to  the  Company  from  the  lists  of  former  Clerks,  &c.  to  be  deducted  out  of  the  fines. 

"3d.  That  there  be  provided  for  the  use  of  the  Company  a  Half-Pike  for  the 
Lieutenant,  and  also  two  Halberts  for  the  Sergeants  to  compleat  the  Company's  badges, 
the  cost  of  which  to  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer. 

"  4th.  And  whereas  upon  examining  the  Clerk's  account,  we  find  in  his  hand  a 
balance  of  fourteen  pounds  six  shillings  &  seven  pence,  and  by  a  list  of  outstanding 
debts  to"  be  collected  the  sum  of  twenty-seven  pounds,  fifteen  shillings  and  six  pence ; 
we  therefore  propose  that  the  whole  amount  of  what  is  at  present  in  hand,  and  what  he 
shall  be  able  to  collect,  after  the  six  pounds  allowed  him  to  be  deducted,  be  paid  towards 
the  Dinner  on  the  Election  day,  for  the  benefit  and  ease  of  the  members  of  the  Com- 
pany. And  that  all  the  Clerks  for  the  future  pay  their  respective  balances  yearly  towards 
the  Election  Dinner,  as  aforesaid,  until  the  Company  shall  vote  to  the  contrary. 

"  5th.  As  to  the  Article  of  fines,  we  are  of  opinion,  that  as  they  were  stated  & 
determined  upon,  &  subscribed  unto  from  so  long  a  date  as  the  year  1700,  therefore 
think  it  not  convenient  to  make  any  other  report  than  this,  viz  :  —  That  the  Company's 
Clerks  for  the  time  being  do  receive  all  the  fines  &  forfeitures  for  the  delinquents  as 
they  are  fixed  &  recorded  in  the  Company's  book  in  lawful  money  of  this  Province ; 
and  if  the  Company  concur  with  the  foregoing  Article  of  the  Clerk's  paying  the  yearly 
balance  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  the  members  at  the  day  of  Election,  we  apprehend 
such  fines  can  be  no  hardship  upon  us,  considering  also,  that  every  man  through  the 
Province  liable  to  train  being  a  delinquent,  must  pay  his  fine  as  stated  by  the  act  in 
lawful  money.  Finally,  we  would  propose  for  a  greater  conveniency  to  the  Company, 
that  their  Colours  for  the  future  be  hung  out  upon  our  Training  Days,  at  Maj.  Hench- 
man's [1712]  corner  and  that  the  place  of  parade  hereafter  be  at  the  Town  House.  All 
which  is  submitted  by 

"Jacob  Wendell, 
"  William  Downe, 
"  Dan'l  Henchman, 
"  Samuel  Watts, 
"Samuel  Holyoke, 

"Boston,  April  30th,  1743.  "Committee. 

"June  6th,  1743.  The  Company,  being  under  arms,  voted,  that  the  commission 
officers  of  this  Company  be  ,a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  William  Hooper,  & 
give  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  preaching  the  Election  sermon. 

"September  5th.  The  Company,  being  under  arms,  and  upon  a  motion  made  & 
consented  to,  the  letters  from  the  R't  Hon.  Lord  Carteret  to  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  New 
Castle,  published  in  the  Boston  Evening  Post,  the  same  day,  giving  an  account  of  His 
Majesty's  success  against  the  French  on  the  river  Main,  was  read  at  the  head  of  the 
Company,  which  was  followed  by  three  huzzas  and  the  discharge  of  three  volleys." 


i744]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  29 

Rev.  William  Hooper,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1743. 
He  was  born  in  1702  in  Edenham,  Scotland,  and,  having  emigrated  to  America,  married 
the  daughter  of  Mr.  John  Dennie,  a  merchant  of  Boston.  Their  son  William  read  law 
with  James  Otis,  settled  in  North  Carolina,  was  a  member  of  the  Congress  of  1776,  and 
a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 

The  West  Church,  in  Boston,  was  organized  Jan.  3,  1737,  and,  on  May  18  next 
following,  Rev.  Mr.  Hooper  was  ordained  over  it.  He  preached  his  own  ordination 
sermon.  He  continued  in  this  relation  for  nine  years,  when  he  suddenly  left  the  church 
and  went  to  England.  Mr.  Sabine  names  him  in  his  "Biographical  Sketches  of  American 
Loyalists."  He  was  reordained  in  England,  and  soon  after  returned  to  Boston  and 
became  minister  of  Trinity  Church,  the  third  Episcopal  church  in  Boston.  The  house 
of  worship  stood  on  Summer  Street,  at  the  corner  of  Hawley.  He  held  the  office  of 
minister  to  this  church  until  his  decease  in  1767,  at  the  age  of  sixty-five  years. 


The   officers   elected   were:    William    Downe    (1716),    captain;    John 

\/ 1    A .  Phillips   (1725),    lieutenant;    Ebenezer    Storer    (1732),   ensign.      Thomas 

•      I    '     Savage  (1739)  was  first  sergeant;  Thomas  Edes  (1739),  second  sergeant; 

Thomas  Baxter  (1740),  third  sergeant;  Newman  Greenough  (1740),  fourth  sergeant,  and 

John  Dixwell  (1741),  clerk. 

March  12,  1743-4,  the  memorial  of  Moses  Deshon  (1737),  "Setting  forth,  That  he 
by  the  Encouragement  of  Several  Gentlemen  about  Fourteen  Months  since  began  to  Cut 
the  Arms  of  their  Late  Generous  Benefactor,  Peter  Faneuil,  Esq.,  and  soon  after  his 
Death  the  same  was  Compleatly  Finished  &  Gilt,"  asked  that  it  be  accepted  and 
placed  in  Faneuil  Hall  at  the  expense  of  the  town.  It  was  thereupon  voted  that  the 
selectmen  purchase  the  said  arms  at  the  expense  of  the  town.  This  was  done,  Mr. 
Deshon  (1737)  being  paid  forty  pounds,  old  tenor,  for  the  same. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1744  were  :  Isaac  Cazneau, 
John  Comrin,  Joseph  Gale,  Thomas  Greenough,  and  Thomas  Stoddard. 

Isaac  Cazneau  (1744),  saddler,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1696.  He  married,  Sept. 
22,  1726,  Hannah  Johnson,  who  died  April  8,  1784,  aged  seventy-eight  years.  She  was 
buried  from  Mrs.  Winslow's,  on  Hanover  Street.  His  name  is  variously  spelled  in  the 
town  records,  —  Casno,  Casneau,  and  Cazneau.  Isaac  Cazneau  (1744)  was  chosen  a 
constable  March  8,  1730,  but  was  excused.  Being  re-chosen,  March  14,  1736,  he 
declined  to  serve  and  paid  the  fine.  He  was  clerk  of  the  market  in  1746,  1753,  1754, 
and  1777,  and  sealer  of  leather  in  1762.  He  belonged  to  the  military,  and  rose  to  the 
grade  of  captain. 

Feb.  18,  1729,  the  selectmen  executed  a  lease  to  "Isaac  Casno,  sadler,"  of  a  shop 
or  tenement,  No.  7,  fronting  on  Dock  Square,  for  twenty  pounds  per  annum,  and,  Oct. 
19,  1739,  it  was  re-leased  to  him  for  five  years  at  thirty  pounds  per  annum.  This  lease 
was  again  renewed  Sept.  1,  1744.  He  resided  on  Water  Street  in  1744,  for  at  a  meeting 
of  the  selectmen,  April  4,  1744,  "Mr.  Isaac  Casno  [1744]  appeared  and  desired  liberty 
to  erect  a  sign-post  before  his  house  in  Water  Street."  His  untenanted  house  "in  the 
upper  part  of  Water  Street"  was  destroyed  in  the  great  fire  of  1760. 

Isaac  Cazneau  (1744).    Authority:  Boston  Records. 


30  HISTORY    OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,744 

Ja-n.  4,  1757,  Mr.  Cazneau  (1744)  was  employed  by  the  selectmen  to  "make  a  good 
serviceable  sedan,  at  the  charge  of  the  town,"  for  removing  the  sick  at  Rainsford  Island. 
He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1747,  and  third  sergeant  in  1755. 
He  died  in  May,  1774,  aged  seventy-eight  years. 

John  Comrin  (1744),  trader,  of  Boston,  married,  Feb.  1,  1732,  in  Boston,  "Sarah 
Lorthorn  [Lawton]."  He  served  as  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1743,  and,  Dec.  8,  1749, 
was  elected  a  collector  of  taxes,  but  was  excused.  July  2,  1742,  liberty  was  granted  to 
Capt.  John  Comrin  (1744)  to  dig  up  the  pavement  in  Shrimpton's  Lane  (Exchange 
Street)  to  repair  his  drain ;  and,  Feb.  23,  1742-3,  he  was  granted  liberty  to  put  down  a 
post  before  his  store  door  in  Cornhill  (Washington  Street).  April  20,  1748,  the  select- 
men sold  a  piece  of  property  at  auction,  on  Water  Street,  to  Capt.  John  Comrin  (1744) 
for  one  thousand  and  seventy-five  pounds,  old  tenor.  He  is  mentioned  in  the  records  of 
the  Old  South  Church  as  a  member,  July  16,  1744,  and  Oct.  31,  1757.  He  was  first 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1750;  was  identified  with  the  militia,  and  held  the 
position  of  captain.     He  died  in  1762. 

Joseph  Gale  (1744),  upholsterer,  of  Boston,  married,  April  29,  1  735,  Mary  Alden, 
of  Boston.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1749,  fourth  sergeant  in 
1755,  and  ensign  in  1758.  His  son,  Ensign  Joseph,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1759. 

Joseph  Gale  (1744)  was  clerk  of  the  market  in  1737,  and  a  constable  of  Boston  in 
1738.     His  will  was  proved  in  1774. 

Thomas  Greenough  (1744),  mathematical  instrument  maker,  of  Boston,  son  of 
Capt.  John  (1712)  and  Elizabeth  (Gross)  Greenough,  grandson  of  Capt.  William 
Greenough  (1675),  and  brother  of  Major  Newman  Greenough  (1740),  was  born  in 
Boston,  May  6,  1710.  He  married,  (1)  May  9,  1734,  Martha,  daughter  of  William 
Clarke  (1703),  and  (2)  Sarah,  daughter  of  David  Stoddard,  who,  with  her  sisters,  the 
wives  of  Rev.  Charles  Chauncy  and  William  Hyslop  (1755),  were  the  devisees  of  Shute 
Shrimpton  Yeamans,  and  thus  the  owners  of  Noddle's  Island. 

His  parents  were  members  of  the  Second  Church,  but  he  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  New  Brick  Church,  and  a  deacon  from  1755  until  its  union  with  the  Second  Church 
in  1779,  and  was  continued  in  the  same  office  in  the  latter  church  until  his  decease, 
May  1,  1785.  He  was  for  several  years  treasurer  of  the  New  Brick  Church,  and  was 
very  prominent  in  church  matters. 

His  father  and  grandfather  were  ship-builders,  having  their  ship-yard  at  the  North 
End,  near  the  present  Chelsea  Ferry. 

Mr.  Greenough  (1744)  made  the  annual  visitation  to  the  families  in  the  town  of 
Boston,  with  its  most  prominent  citizens,  seven  times,  —  1750-6.  He  was  clerk  of  the 
market  in  1735  >  was  elected  constable  March  jo,  1739,  t>ut  declined  to  serve,  and  held 
other  town  offices  as  late  as  1777.  March  10  of  the  last-named  year  he  was  elected  a 
selectman  of  Boston. 

John  Comrin   (1744).     Authority:  Boston  Court  Street  and  Bell  Alley,  at  the  North  End,  was 

Records.  occupied  at  one  time  by  Thomas  Greenough  (1744). 

Thomas  Greenough  (1744).    Authorities:  He  bought  it  Jan.  6,  1746-7,  of  the  heirs  of  William 

Sumner's  Hist,  of  East  Boston;   Boston  Records.  Clarke,  and  afterwards  sold  it  to  Sir  Charles  Henry 

The    famous    Frankland    House,    on    Garden-  Frankland. 


,744j  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  3  I 

July  26,  1774,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  committee  to  receive  donations  for  the  relief 
of  the  inhabitants  of  Boston,  suffering  on  account  of  the  shutting  up  of  the  harbor  of 
Boston,  and,  Nov.  8,  1776,  he  was  one  of  those  employed  by  the  town  "  to  determine  the 
damage  sustained  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill." 

Thomas  Greenough  (1744)  was  a  member  of  various  town  committees  both  before 
and  during  the  occupation  of  Boston  by  the  British  ;  and  throughout  the  entire  contest, 
whose  triumphant  close  he  was  permitted  to  see,  he  adhered  with  unflinching  firmness  to 
the  cause  of  the  colonies.     He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1747. 

Thomas  Stoddard  (1744),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Daniel  and  Elizabeth 
Stoddard,  of  Boston,  was  born  July  13,  1699.  He  married,  (1)  April  2,  1723,  Tabitha 
Hodgdon,  born  Jan.  4,  1702,  daughter  of  Nathaniel  (1727)  and  Susanna  Hodgdon,  of 
Boston;  and  (2),  (published)  April  2,  1735,  Abigail  Barker,  of  Andover. 

Thomas  Stoddard  (1744)  was  chosen  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1733,  but  was  excused 
from  serving.  He  was  re-elected  and  sworn  in  1734.  He  was  elected  clerk  of  the 
market  in  1739,  but  refused  to  serve  and  paid  the  fine.  He  served  in  that  office  in  1744 
and  1745,  and  was  re-elected  in  March,  1745-6,  but  refused.  He  was  thanked  by  vote 
of  the  town  for  past  services.  He  was  elected  purchaser  of  grain,  March  12,  1749-50, 
and  hog-reeve  in  1761. 

June  17,  1734,  he  was  one  of  the  petitioners,  with  William  Parkroan  (1711),  John 
Greenough  (1712),  and  Newman  Greenough  (1740),  for  permission  "  to  lay  down  and 
maintain  for  twenty  or  thirty  years,  good  and  sufficient  ways  for  the  landing  of  passengers 
from  Winnisimmet,  at  the  town's  slip,  at  the  lower  end  of  North  Street,"  which  was  granted 
by  the  town.  He  commanded  a  company  against  the  Indians,  and  there  is  extant  a 
•printed  sermon  on  the  occasion  of  their  departure,  by  Rev.  Samuel  Checkley.  In  the 
Artillery  Company  he  held  the  rank  of  sergeant,  and  was  captain  in  the  militia,  serving 
as  such  at  Crown  Point  in  1755.  He  died,  April  12,  1763,  aged  sixty-four  years.  His 
gravestone  stands  on  Copp's  Hill. 

In  his  will  there  was  set  off  to  his  daughter,  Susannah,  who  married  William  Bord- 
man  (1758),  a  dwelling-house  and  land  bounded  southeast  by  Clark's  Square  (Suffolk 
County  Probate  Record)  ;  his  mansion  house  on  Union  Street,  six  hundred  pounds; 
house  "  two  houses  below  said  house,"  and  house  and  land  in  Roxbury,  are  mentioned. 
Also,  four  small  arms,  one  pair  of  pistols,  and  seven  swords,  four  pounds  four  shillings ; 
one  old  negro,  one  negro  boy,  and  one  negro  girl. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1744  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  2d,  1744.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  voted,  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Joseph 
Parsons  of  Bradford  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Election  sermon  ;  and  that  the  field 
officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  and  the  present  commission  officers  of 
this  Company,  with  the  Hon  Richard  SaltonstaJl,  Esq.  [1733],  be  a  committee  to  wait 
on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"May  nth.  The  weather  not  proving  suitable  on  Monday,  we,  by  our  Charter 
were  obliged  to  appear  this  day,  and  being  under  arms,  the  Lieutenant,  who  led  the 
Company,  and  being  one  of  the  committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Joseph 

Thomas  Stoddard  (1744).      Authorities:  Mr.  Joseph  C.  Whitney,  of  Boston,  has  in  bis 

Palfrey's  History;   Records  of  Boston;  MS.  of  Mr.       possession  a  christening  bag  imported  by  Thomas 
Joseph  C.Whitney.  Stoddard  (1744),  in  which  William  Bordman  (1786) 

was  baptized  in  1760. 


32  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,744 

Parsons  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Election  sermon,  reported  that  he  accepted  the 
same.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Sergeant  Taylers  [1738],  the  four  following  votes 
were  there  passed.  1st.  That  there  be  a  committee  chosen  to  take  the  affair  under  their 
consideration  respecting  the  monies  belonging  to  the  Company,  being  the  produce  of 
what  their  land  sold  for,  and  now  under  the  care  of  their  Treasurer,  how  they  shall  be 
appropriated  for  the  future,  and  make  report  thereon  the  next  training  day.  2d.  That 
the  committee  consist  of  five,  viz:  Col.  Jacob  Wendell  [1733],  Lt.  Col.  William  Downe 
[1716],  Maj.  Daniel  Henchman  [1712],  Capt.  John  Wendell  [1733],  and  Capt.  John 
Phillips  [1725].  3d.  That  an  allowance  of  twenty  pounds,  old  tenor,  more  than  what 
was  before  allowed,  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  to  the  commission  officers,  towards  defray- 
ing their  charge  on  the  next  Election  day,  to  make  up  in  the  whole  the  sum  of  fifty 
pounds,  old  tenor.  4th.  That  an  allowance  of  twenty  pounds,  old  tenor,  be  paid  by  the 
Treasurer  for  the  benefit  of  the  private  soldiers  dinners  on  the  next  Election  day.  The 
Treasurers  account  being  read,  it  was  voted  to  accept  the  same. 

"June  4th.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  it  was  voted,  the  old  commissioned 
officers  of  this  Company,  with  the  new  ones  elected  this  day,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Joseph  Parsons  and  give  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon 
preached  to  them  this  day.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Col.  Wm.  Downes  [17 16], 
the  following  report  from  the  committee  chosen  the  last  Training  Day  was  read  &  the 
Company  voted  to  accept  the  same,  viz :  The  committee  appointed  by  the  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,  the  nth  of  May  1744,  to  take  under  their  consideration  the  affair 
respecting  the  money  belonging  to  the  Company,  being  the  produce  of  what  their  land 
sold  for,  now  under  the  care  of  the  Treasurer,  have  met  accordingly,  and  are  of  opinion, 
that  as  most  of  it  is  let  on  real  security,  and  the  value  of  the  money  therein  stated,  and 
the  remainder,  the  value  of  the  money  is  settled  by  Act  of  the  Geueral  Court ;  Therefore 
it  will  be  most  for  the  interest  of  the  said  Company  for  the  present  to  continue  the  whole 
at  interest,  until  some  favorable  opportunity  offers  for  the  laying  out  the  same  in  a  real 
estate,  agreeable  to  the  order  of  the  General  Court,  dated  June  16,  1731. 

"Jacob  Wendell, 
"  William  Downe, 
"  Daniel  Henchman, 
"  John  Wendell, 
"Boston,  May  29th,  1744."  "John  Phillips." 

Rev.  Joseph  Parsons,  of  Bradford,  Mass.,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon 
of  1744.  He  was  the  successor,  as  pastor  of  the  Bradford  church,  of  Rev.  Zachariah 
Symmes,  whose  father,  Rev.  Thomas  Symmes,  also  a  pastor  of  the  Bradford  Church, 
delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1729. 

Rev.  Joseph  Parsons  was  born  at  Brookfield,  Mass.,  in  1701,  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1720,  and  was  ordained  at  Bradford  in  1726.  During  his  pastorate  the  Brad- 
ford church  was  divided  by  the  formation  of  the  East  Precinct,  June  17,  1726,  and  a 
new  church  was  organized  June  7,  1727.  One  hundred  and  one  members,  including  the 
two  deacons,  withdrew  to  form  the  second  church  in  what  is  now  Groveland.  Rev.  Mr. 
Parsons  also  delivered  the  annual  election  sermon  before  the  General  Court.  He  was 
opposed  to  Mr.  Whitefield's  preaching,  and  was  one  of  the  ten  ministers  in  Essex  County 
who  protested  to  the  Boston  ministers  against  his  being  admitted  to  the  pulpit.  After  an 
able,  conservative,  and  zealous  pastorate  of  nearly  forty  years,  he  died  in  Bradford  in  1765. 

Rev.  Joseph  Parsons.    Authority  :  Hurd's  Hist,  of  Essex  County,  Art.,  Bradford. 


i745]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  33 

The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in    1745   were:    Jacob 

IV/lC,  Wendell  (1733),  captain;    John  Carnes  (1733),  lieutenant;    John  Codrnan 

'      ■»-'     (i733).  ensign.     Jacob  Hurd  (1743)  was  first  sergeant ;    Thomas   Stoddard 

(1744),  second  sergeant;    Nathan  Blodgett  (1742),  third  sergeant;   Ephraim  Copeland 

( x 733) j  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  West  (1745),  clerk. 

Thomas  Hutchinson,  Esq.  (1694),  at  the  town  meeting  March  25,  1745,  "informed 
the  Town  that  he  was  much  Obliged  to  them  for  the  Honour  Done  him  in  choosing  him 
a  Selectman  for  several  years  past,  that  he  found  his  own  private  affairs  would  not  permit 
him  to  Serve  the  Town  in  that  office  any  longer." 

March  26,  1745,  the  selectmen  informed  the  town  that  the  "Two  hundred  &  Fifteen 
Fire  Arms  given  to  the  Town  by  the  honWe  Colo  Thomas  Fitch  [1700]  dec'd,  were  lately 
Impressed  by  the  Government  for  the  Service  of  the  Expedition  against  Cape  Breton." 
They  were  ordered  to  apply  to  the  government  for  the  full  value  of  said  arms.1 

The  fifth  war  between  Great  Britain  and  France  was  declared  in  March,  1744,  and 
proclamation  thereof  was  made  in  Boston  two  months  later.  "  Europe  rocked  like  the 
ocean  on  the  lulling  of  a  long  storm,  when  the  opposite  wind  has  just  sprung  up,  throwing 
the  heaving  billows  into  tumultuous  conflict."2 

In  May,  1744,  the  French  surprised  the  little  English  garrison  at  Canseau,  and  its 
defenders  were  carried  as  prisoners  to  Louisburg.  Near  the  close  of  the  summer  of  1 744 
they  were  released,  and  came  to  .Boston  on  parole.  After  hearing  their  story,  Gov. 
Shirley  determined  upon  an  expedition  to  reduce  Louisburg,  the  French  stronghold  in 
America.  The  Legislature  approved  of  the  proposed  expedition  by  a  majority  of  only 
one  vote ;  but  the  people  seemed  to  be  enthusiastic  in  its  favor,  and  the  expedition  gave 
promise  of  success.  The  rendezvous  of  the  army  was  Boston,  and  two  thousand  and 
seventy  men  assembled  here,  who  sailed  for  Louisburg  March  24,  1745.  Gov.  Shirley 
commissioned  as  officers  for  the  expedition,  William  Pepperrell,  lieutenant-general  and 
commander-in-chief ;  Roger  Wolcott,  major-general ;  Samuel  Waldo,  brigadier-general, 
and  Joseph  Dwight  (1734),  brigadier-general. 

The  following-named  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  were  officers  in  the  expedi- 
tion against  Louisburg  in  1745  ;  Joseph  Dwight  (1734)  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the 
train  of  artillery,  Feb.  20,  1744,  brigadier-general,  Feb.  20,  1745,  and  judge  of  the  court 
of  admiralty,  June  20,  1745.  According  to  the  lists  given  in  the  New  England  Historical 
and  Genealogical  Register,  October,  1870,  by  Hon.  Charles  Hudson,  Joseph  Dwight 
(1734)  was  commissioned  colonel  and  captain  of  the  First  Company  of  the  Ninth  Regi- 
ment of  Massachusetts  Volunteers  on  the  Louisburg  expedition,  June  18,  1744,  and 
brigadier-general,  Feb.  20,  1745.  In  the  First  Massachusetts  Regiment,  Capt.  John 
Storer  (1739)  was  lieutenant-colonel  and  captain  of  the  Third  Company,  commissioned 
Feb.  5,  1744;  William  Warner  (1733)  was  captain-lieutenant  of  the  Ninth  Company, 
commissioned  Feb.  5,  1744;  John  Butler  (1745)  was  lieutenant  of  the  Second  Com- 
pany, commissioned  Feb.  16,  1744;  John  Bridge  (1751)  was  ensign  of  the  Ninth 
Company,  commissioned  March  5,  1744;  Joseph  Goldthwait  (1732)  was  adjutant  of 
the  First  Regiment,  commissioned  March  12,  1744  The  latter  was  promoted  to  brevet- 
captain  March  20,  1744.  In  the  Second  Massachusetts  Regiment,  Benjamin  Goldthwait 
(1740)  was  captain  of  the  Fourth  Company,  commissioned  Feb.  9,  1744.  In  the  Third 
Massachusetts  Regiment,  Christopher  Marshall   (1724)   was  captain  of  the  Third  Com- 

1  See  Vol.  I.,  p.  433,  of  this  history,  in  regard  to  these  lire-arms. 

2  Bancroft's  Hist,  of  the  United  States,  Vol.  III.,  p  451. 


34  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['745 


pany,  commissioned  Feb.  15,  1744,  and  Estes  Hatch  (171 1)  was  captain  of  the  Tenth 
Company,  commissioned  Feb.  4,  1744.  In  the  Fifth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  Benjamin 
White  (1722)  was  adjutant,  commissioned  March  16,  1744.  In  the  Seventh  Massachu- 
setts Regiment,  Jonathan  Carey  (1740)  was  captain  of  the  Ninth  Company,  commis- 
sioned Feb.  14,  1744.  In  the  Eighth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  William  Williams  (1733) 
was  lieutenant-colonel  and  captain  of  the  Second  Company,  commissioned  June  1,  1745, 
and  Nathaniel  Thwing  (1736  and  1761)  was  major  and  captain  of  the  Third  Company, 
commissioned  June  1,  1745.  In  the  Ninth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  Samuel  Jackson 
(1733)  was  ensign,  commissioned  July  5,  1745.  In  the  train  of  artillery,  Joseph 
Dwight  (1734)  was  colonel,  Joseph  Sherburne  (1745),  who  was  commissioned  as  captain 
of  a  company  in  the  New  Hampshire  Regiment,  June  6,  1744,  was  commissioned  store- 
keeper of  his  Majesty's  ordnance  Dec.  1,  1745.  Dr-  William  Rand  (1732)  was  one  of 
the  surgeons  of  the  expedition,  and  was  commissioned  March  9,  1744.  Under  the  head 
of  "House  Carpenters,"  Matthew  Barnard  (1734)  is  given  as  commissioned  captain, 
March  16,  1744.  Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1740)  was  agent  for  Col.  Waldo's  regiment, 
May  20,  1746  ;  John  Adams  (1740)  was  a  member  of  the  Third  Company,  First  Massa- 
chusetts Regiment  ;  William  Moor  (1749)  was  a  sergeant  of  the  Fifth  Company. 

July  2,  1745,  a  messenger  arrived  in  Boston  announcing  the  capture  of  Louisburg. 
On  the  morning  of  July  3  the  news  was  announced  to  the  people  of  the  town  by  three 
discharges  of  musketry  by  the  militia  of  Boston.  In  the  evening  the  people  held  a 
carnival  of  joy,  bonfires  were  built,  and  the  town  was  illuminated.  July  18  was  observed 
as  a  day  of  thanksgiving. 

Gov.  Shirley  landed  at  the  Castle  at  4  p.  m.,  Nov.  8,  and  was  received  with 
a  salute  of  twenty-one  guns.  He  passed  the  night  there,  and  on  the  next  morning  pro- 
ceeded in  the  Castle  barge  to  the  town.  He  was  accompanied  by  several  officers  who 
came  with  him  from  Louisburg,  being  saluted  all  the  way  by  the  ships  in  the  harbor  and 
the  town  battery.  At  twelve  o'clock  at  noon  he  landed  at  Long  Wharf,  amidst  a  great 
crowd  of  people,  and  was  welcomed  by  the  officers  of  the  province  and  the  town.  He 
was  formally  received  by  the  Boston  regiment,  under  command  of  Col.  Jacob  Wendell 
(:733).  a  tro0P  °f  tne  regiment  of  horse,  commanded  by  Col.  Estes  Hatch  (1711),  and 
the  company  of  Cadets,  under  command  of  Col.  Benjamin  Pollard  (1726). 

This  expedition,  which  contained  many  members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  was 
pre-eminently  a  colonial  enterprise.  The  expense  was  finally  borne  by  the  British  gov- 
ernment, which,  Sept.  18,  1749,  delivered  to  the  province  at  Boston  two  hundred  and 
fifteen  chests  and  one  hundred  casks,  containing  one  hundred  and  eighty-three  thousand 
six  hundred  and  forty-nine  pounds  two  shillings  and  seven  and  a  half  pence  as  the 
expense  of  the  expedition.  For  the  adjustment  of  accounts,  the  rolls  were  sent  to  Eng- 
land and  were  never  returned. 

In  addition  to  the  loss  in  the  land  forces,  the  town  complained,  March  n,  1745-6, 
that  the  seamen  impressed  for  his  Majesty's  ships,  and  those  who  had  fled  for  protection 
from  impressment,  added  to  those  who  went  in  the  sea  service  to  Cape  Breton,  amounted 
to  more  than  three  thousand  men.  The  committee  also  added,  "  Boston  is  the  metropo- 
lis of  that  province  who  has  been  the  principal  in  the  reduction  of  Cape  Breton,  which, 
added  to  her  former  military  achievements  for  loyalty,  justly  sets  her  at  the  head  of  his 
Majesty's  provinces;  that  those  other  provinces,  New  Hampshire  .and  Connecticut 
excepted,  have  borne  no  part  of  the  burthen  of  the  war."  '  .    . 

1  Report  of  Boston  Rec.  Com.,  No.  14,  pp.  84,  85. 


'745J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  35 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1745  were:  William  Baker, 
Jeremiah  Belknap,  Jr.,  John  Butler,  Eneas  Mackay,  Benjamin  Russell,  Joseph  Sherburne, 
Benjamin  Walcott,  John  Wendell,  3d,  John  West,  John  Wilson. 

William  Baker  (1745).  tobacconist,  of  Marshfield  and  Boston,  was  published  to 
marry  Sarah  Perkins,  Nov.  29,  1739.  She  was  the  widow  of  Isaac  Perkins,  goldsmith,  of 
Boston.  Mr.  Perkins  died  prior  to  Nov.  1,  1737,  and  William  Baker  (1745)  was 
appointed  administrator  of  his  estate,  May  31,  1746. 

Nov.  13,  1764,  William  Baker  (1745)  became  a  member  of  the  engine  company  of 
which  Joseph  Putnam  was  master,  and,  March  27,  1765,  he  was  assessed  six  shillings  as 
his  proportion  for  the  repairing  of  the  pump  standing  on  the  town's  land  in  Cornhill 
(corner  Court  and  Washington  streets).  He  was  chosen  constable  in  1743-4,  but  paid 
the  fine;  clerk  of  the  market  in  1746,  and  scavenger  in  1749.  He  died  Dec.  9,  1785, 
aged  eighty-one  years. 

Jeremiah  Belknap,  Jr.  (1745),  0I  Boston,  son  of  Jeremiah  (1711),  grandson  of 
Joseph  (1692),  and  great-grandson  of  Joseph  (1658),  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  10,  1720. 
His  brother  Joseph  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1742.  Jeremiah  (1745)  married, 
June  30,  1748,  Mary  Rand.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1748  and 
1754,  and  ensign  in  1763.  He  joined  the  Old  South  Church  Nov.  8,  1741.  Nov.  27, 
1  765,  he  was  chosen  by  the  selectmen  of  the  town  for  usher  of  the  North  Latin  School. 

Jeremiah  Belknap,  Jr.  (1745),  was  chosen  constable  in  1751,  but  was  excused; 
scavenger  in  1763  and  1770,  and  clerk  of  the  market  in  1764;  was  one  of  the  census 
takers  in  August,  1776.  Feb.  6,  1777,  a  committee  of  thirty-six  persons,  "not  in  trade," 
was  selected  by  the  town,  "  to  aid  and  assist  the  selectmen  and  committees  of  corre- 
spondence, inspection,  and  safety,  by  information,"  etc.,  to  carry  into  effect  certain  acts, 
—  of  which  committee  Mr.  Belknap  (1745),  representing  Ward -8,  was  one.  Capt. 
Thomas  Adams  (1765),  Russell  Sturgis  (1786),  and  Job  Wheelwright  (1759),  were  also 
members  of  this  committee.  May  22,  1777,  he  was  the  first  drawn  juror  "for  a  special 
court  for  the  trial  of  such  persons  as  the  town  has  represented  to  be  inimical  to  these 
States  and  dangerous  to  the  public  safety."  He  was  devoted  to  the  interests  of  the 
colonies  during  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  died  April  17,  1796,  at  his  residence  on 
Cornhill,  in  Boston. 

John  Butler  (1745),  cooper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Matthew  and  Sarah  Butler,  was  born 
in  Boston,  Dec.  29,  1710.  His  brother  Joseph  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1742. 
John  Butler  (1745)  was  lieutenant  of  the  Second  Company,  First  Massachusetts  Regi- 
ment, on  the  Cape  Breton  expedition.     He  died  in  June,  1748. 

Eneas  Mackay  (1745)  was  published,  Oct.  21,  1743,  to  marry  Elizabeth  Bon- 
garden.  March  25,  1745,  he  was  elected  constable,  but  was  excused,  and  March  9, 
1746,  was  elected  scavenger.  He  is  called  "  Captain  "  in  the  records  of  the  selectmen  of 
Boston,  Nov.  27,  1765.  '  He  resided  in  that  part  of  the  town  called  "New  Boston," 
which  included  Cambridge  and  Green  streets  and  vicinity.  Jan.  13,  1747-8,  he  became 
a  member  of  the  First  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  Boston,  and  subsequently  was  accepted 
in  the  Master's  Lodge. 

William  Baker  (1745).    Authority:  Boston  Jeremiah  Belknap,  Jr.  (1745).   Authority: 

Records.  ■  Boston  Records. 


36  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND 


['745 


Benjamin  Russell  (1745))  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  (1722)  and  Susan- 
nah Russell,  was  born  March  10,  1697.  He  was  published  to  marry  Elizabeth  Belknap, 
Oct.  26,  1727.  He  was  elected  constable  in  1731,  but  was  excused  ;  was  re-elected,  and 
served  in  1732.  He  served  as  fence-viewer  in  1731,  1732,  1733,  and  :734»  from  1747  to 
1750  inclusive,  and  from  1755  to  1759  inclusive.  He  estimated  the  cost  of  the  new 
market  houses  in  1733,  and  was  elected  a  viewer  of  shingles,  etc.,  in  1743,  1744,  and 
1754,  but  was  excused  the  latter  year. 

His  father,  Joseph  Russell  (1722),  hired  a  part  of  the  gun-house  on  the  Common, 
March  1,  1725-6,  which  was  afterward  occupied  by  Benjamin  (1745).  The  latter  was 
warned  out  by  the  selectmen,  May  26,  1736,  as  they  esteemed  the  gun-house  large 
enough  to  store  the  guns  in,  and  also  serve  as  a  barn  for  the  town  bulls  and  for  the  hay 
with  which  to  feed  them.  June  23,  1736,  Benjamin  Russell  (1745)  petitioned  the  select- 
men for  permission  "to  set  up  the  Old  Bull  House,  near  the  South  School-house,  for  a 
shop."  He  appears,  however,  to  have  retained  possession  of  the  gun-house,  and,  July 
28,  1742,  he  notified  the  selectmen  "that  he  had  no  further  occasion  to  improve  the  gun- 
house  on  the  Common." 

Nov.  10,  1730,  he  resided  on  Milk  Street.  Feb.  25,  1735,  he  purchased  of  the 
selectmen  the  breastwork  of  the  North  Battery  for  seventeen  pounds.  May  4,  1737,  he 
erected  for  the  town  a  pound,  "  in  the  northeast  corner  of  a  pasture  belonging  to  the 
heirs  of  the  late  Hon.  Thomas  Fitch  [1700],"  and  March  12,  1738-9,  he  asked  liberty 
of  the  town  "  to  fill  up  Wheeler's  Pond,  in  Pond  Street."  This  so-called  pond  was  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  present  Bedford  Street. 

His  son  Thomas  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769.  Capt.  Benjamin  (1745) 
died  in  Boston,  July  9,  1760,  aged  sixty-three  years.  He  was  buried  in  the  Granary 
Burial-Ground. 

Joseph  Sherburne  (i745)>  storekeeper,  of  Boston,  was  probably  from  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.  A  Joseph  Sherburne  was  published  to  marry  Mary  Watson,  of  Boston,  Feb.  21, 
1733  ;  and  Joseph  Sherburne  married  Eunice  Hubbard,  Feb.  2,  1737.  Joseph  Sherburne 
was  published  Nov.  21,  1750,  to  marry  Mary  Plaisted,  of  Salem. 

March  25,  1735,  he  subscribed  fifteen  pounds,  "to  be  paid  in  goods  at  money 
price,"  towards  the  erection  of  the  new  workhouse.  He  was  chosen  clerk  of  the  market 
in  1736  and  1737,  and  constable  in  1742.  He  visited  the  public  schools,  with  the  jus- 
tices, June  28,  1748,  and  June  29,  1753.  He  was  chosen,  June  3,  1746,  one  of  a  com- 
mittee "  to  raise  a  subscription  for  building  or  purchasing  a  house  for  the  reception  of 
distracted  persons";  was  an  overseer  of  the  poor  in  1751  and  1753-5,  and,  May  15, 
1764,  was  chosen  "to  consider  what  measures  may  be  proper  for  the  preservation  of 
Beacon  Hill."  In  1773,  Paddy's  Alley,  running  from  Ann  Street  to  Middle,  was  widened 
(now  North  Centre  Street,  between  North  and  Hanover  streets),  and  Joseph  Sher- 
burne (1745)  was  paid  seven  pounds  for  his  "loss  of  land  and  damage"  thereby.1 
March  30,  1757,  Mr.  Joseph  Sherburne  (1745).  having  let  a  tenement  to  John  Corny 
and  family,  from  Marblehead,  without  informing  the  selectmen,  was  fined  forty  shillings 

Benjamin  Russell  (1745).   Authority  :  Bos-  erty  on  this  alley  were  :  Jacob  Emmons  (1738),  who 

ton  Records.  was  awarded  thirty-five  pounds;    William  Simpkins 

Joseph   Sherburne    (1745)-      Authority:  (1739),  five  pounds;  Asa  Stoddard  (1765 ), who  was 

Boston  Records.  assessed  two  pounds,  and  Joseph  Jackson  (1738), 

'  Other  members  of  the  Company  owning  prop-  one  pound. 


I745j  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  17 

for  the  breach  of  the  law.     He  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace  May  23,  1760,  and 
reappointed  Nov.  5,  1761. 

Nov.  12,  1746,  he  received  Masonic  degrees  in  the  First  Lodge  in  Boston,  now 
called  "St.  John's  Lodge."  He  served  as  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1749. 

Benjamin  Walcott  (1745),  blacksmith,  of  Boston,  was  clerk  of  the  market  in 
Boston  in  1732  and  1741,  and  constable  in  1733. 

John  Wendell,  3d  (1745),  ship-chandler,  son  of  Isaac  and  Catalyna  (Van  Dyck) 
Wendell,  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  nephew  of  Abraham  Wendell,  who  died  in  Boston  in  1734, 
and  of  Col.  Jacob  Wendell  (1733),  and  a  cousin  of  Col.  John  Wendell  ( 1*733)  ar>d  of 
Major  John  Wendell,  Jr.  (1735),  was  baptized  Nov.  15,  17 18.  He  was  brought  up  in 
the  counting-room  of  Jacob  (1733)  and  John  (1733)  Wendell,  and  became  a  merchant 
and  importer,  doing  an  extensive  business  with  the  West  Indies. 

John  Wendell,  "Tertius"  (1745),  was  chosen  a  constable  of  Boston  for  the  year 
1753,  which  seems  to  be  the  only  town  office  he  ever  held.  He  was  interested  in  the 
militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  lieutenant.     He  was  buried  in  Boston,  Nov.  12,  1755. 

John  West  (1745),  retailer,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  John  and  Mary  West,  and 

married  Elizabeth .     He  was  constable  in  1733,  and  was  sworn;  was  re-elected  in 

1748,  but  declined  to  serve  and  paid  the  fine.  "Oct.  13,  1740,  he  was  approved  and 
recommended  by  the  selectmen  as  a  retailer  of  beer,  cider,  etc.,  at  his  shop  on  Middle 
Street,  now  Hanover.  Two  years  later,  the  license  for  the  same  shop  was  granted  to 
Mary  West.  John  West  (1745)  was  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1745  and  1746, 
and  second  sergeant  in  1748.     Administration  was  granted  on. his  estate  in  1750. 

John  Wilson  (1745),  son  of  John  and  Mary  Wilson,  was  born  Jan  21,  1707.  He 
is  not  mentioned  on  the  records  of  the  town  of  Boston.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1750. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1745  is  as  follows :  — 
"April  5th,  1745,  Friday.  The  weather  proving  unsuitable  on  Monday,  we,  by  our 
Charter,  were  obliged  to  appear  this  day,  and,  being  under  arms,  Voted  that  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Thomas  Prentice  of  Charlestown  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Election  sermon, 
and  that  the  field  officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  with  the  present  com- 
mission officers  of  the  Company,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  May  7th.  Being  under  arms,  the  Captain  being  one  of  the  committee  appointed 
to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Prentice  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Election 
sermon,  made  report  to  the  Company,  that  he  had  accepted  the  same.  The  evening 
being  spent  at  Serg't  Greenoughs  [1740],  the  four  following  votes  were  passed.  1st.  That 
an  allowance  of  twenty  pounds  be  added  to  the  standing  sum  of  thirty  pounds,  to  make  up 
in  the  whole  the  sum  of  fifty  pounds,  old  tenor,  be  paid  out  of  the  Treasury  to  the  com- 
mission officers  towards  defraying  their  charge  on  the  next  Election  day.  2dly.  That 
the  charge  of  every  member's  dinner  on  the  next  Election  day  be  defrayed  by  the  Com- 

John   Wendell,  3d  (1745).     Authorities:  John    West   (17-45).      Authority:    Boston 

Boston  Records;  Talcott's  Gen.  Notes  of  New  York       Records. 
andNewEng.;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1882. 


38  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND  [1746 

pany,  and  that  the  Treasurer  pay  for  the  same.  3<ily.  That  the  field  officers  of  the 
Regiment  of  this  town  of  Boston,  with  the  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  be  a 
committee  to  provide  a  dinner  on  the  next  Election  day  for  the  Company.  4thly.  That 
the  time  appointed  hereafter,  on  the  whole  days  in  May  &  September  only,  shall  be  at 
ten  o'clock,  a.  m.  and  the  members  not  appearing  at  that  time  ready  to  march,  shall  be 
liable  to  a  fine  of  sixpence,  new  tenor. 

"June  3d.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  it  was  voted,  that  the  old  commission 
officers  with  the  new  ones  elected  this  day,  and  the  field  officers  of  the  Regiment  of 
Boston,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Prentice,  and  return  the  thanks 
of  this  Company  to  him  for  his  sermon  preached  to  them  this  day. 

"October  7th.  The  Company  being  at  the  house  of  Lieut.  John  Carnes  [1733], 
it  was  there  voted,  that  the  sum  of  five  pounds,  old  tenor,  be  given  to  Mr.  John  Dixwell 
[1741],  the  former  Clerk,  for  his  services  done  for  the  Company." 

Rev.  Thomas  Prentice,  of  Charlestown,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1 745.1  He  was  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  (Batson)  Prentice,  and  was  born  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  Dec.  9,  1702.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1726,  became 
minister  at  Arundel,  Me.,  in  1730,  and  was  installed  over  the  First  Church  in  Charles- 
town,  Oct.  3,  1739.  He  married  (1)  Irene  Emery,  of  Wells;  she  died  in  1745,  and  he 
married  (2)  Rebecca  Austin,  of  Charlestown,  Oct.  16,  1746;  she  died  in  1748,  and 
he  married  (3)  Mary  Butman,  of  York,  Me  ,  who  survived  him.  On  the  destruction  of 
Charlestown  in  1775,  Rev.  Mr.  Prentice  moved  to  Cambridge,  occupied  the  house  in 
which  he  was  born,  and  resided  there  until  his  death. 

After  an  interval  of  three  years, —  1775-8,  —  the  people  to  a  considerable  number 
having  returned,  public  worship  was  re-established  in  Charlestown,  "  under  the  minis- 
try of  the  now  aged  Prentice,"  in  a  block  house  "  erected  by  the  enemy."  He  continued 
in  this  service  with  this  people  until  infirmity  of  body  and  mind  obliged  him  to  desist. 
He  died,  June  17,  1782,  at  Cambridge,  but  the  people  of  his  parish  bore  his  remains  to 
Charlestown  and  buried  them. 


,  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1746  were:    Daniel 

I  /  /If).  Henchman  (1712),  captain;    Ebenezer  Storer  (1732),  lieutenant;    Joseph 

'      *         Jackson  (1738),  ensign.     John  Nichols  (1740)  was  first  sergeant;  Thomas 

Snow  (1741),  second  sergeant;  Joseph  Butler  (1742),  third  sergeant;  Joseph  Belknap 

(1742),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  West  (1745),  clerk. 

March  31,  1746,  Gillam  Phillips  (17 14)  proposed  to  the  town  to  straighten  Pudding 
Lane,  near  the  town-house,  by  taking  part  of  his  land  on  the  westerly  side  of  his  lane, 
which  he  was  willing  to  give  to  the  town.     His  proposal  was  accepted. 

The  collectors  of  taxes  for  this  year  were  Capt.  John  Goldthwait  (1720),  Joseph 

Rev.  Thomas  Prentice.    Authorities:  Bud-  before  His  Excellency,  His  Majesty's  Council,  and 

ington's  Hist,  of  First  Church,  Charlestown;  Paige's  the  said  Company,  after  which  the  Company  made 

Hist,  of  Cambridge;  Mem.  Hist,  of  Boston,  Vol.  III.  Choice   of  the    Hon.   Jacob  Wendell    Esq  [1733] 

1  "Monday  last  [June  3,  1745],  being  the  an-  Colonel  of  the    Regiment  in  Boston,  Capt;    John 

niversary  Day  for  electing  the  officers  of  the  ancient  Carnes  [1733]  for  their  Lieutenant  and  Capt  John 

and  honourable  Artillery  Company  of  the  Province,  Codman  [1733]  their  Ensign."  —  The  Boston  Even- 

the   Rev,  Mr,   Prentice,   pf   Charlestown   preach'd  ing  Post,  June  10,  1745. 


1746J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  39 

White  (1722),  Capt.  Andrew  Cunningham  (1720),  Benjamin  Edwards,  Elias  Dupee, 
father  of  Elias  (1763),  and  William  Larrabee. 

April  8,  1746,  it  was  determined  by  the  town  to  place  a  battery  of  eight  guns  on 
Long  Wharf,  and  one  of  four  guns  on  Clarke's  Wharf.  May  14,  1746,  Col.  Jacob  Wen- 
dell (1733))  Samuel  Welles,  Col.  John  Hill,  Col.  William  Downe  (1716),  John  Fayer- 
weather,  and  Isaac  White  (1733)  were  appointed  a  committee  to  have  the  twelve  gun 
carriages  "made  and  finished." 

There  was  a  project  for  reducing  Canada,  in  1746,  by  Great  Britain  and  the  colonies. 
Men  were  liberally  voted  by  the  colonies:  Massachusetts  voted,  May  31,  1746,  to  raise 
three  thousand  men,  and  actually  enlisted  two  thousand.  Great  Britain  did  not  send 
the  promised  fleet  and  army,  and  the  levies  for  Canada  were  kept  on  foot  until  October, 
1747,  when  they  were  dismissed.  This  proposed  expedition  cost  Massachusetts  sixty- 
eight  thousand  pounds  before  May,  1747,  and  much  additional  afterward.  The  troops 
were  used  in  defending  the  frontiers. 

There  was  much  excitement  in  the  colony,  in  the  fall  of  1746,  caused  by  the  intelli- 
gence that  a  large  French  fleet,  having  an  army  on  board,  all  under  the  command  of  the 
Duke  d'Anville,  was  on  its  way  to  attack  Boston.  The  Essex  regiments  were  ordered  to 
Salem  for  the  defence  of  that  place.  Within  three  days,  from  eight  to  ten  thousand  men 
assembled  in  Boston  armed  for  its  defence.  One  company,  from  Brookfield,  made  the 
march  of  seventy  miles  in  two  days,  with  provisions  upon  the  back  of  each  member 
estimated  at  the  weight  of  a  bushel  of  corn.  William  Prescott,  of  immortal  fame,  was 
clerk  of  the  Groton  company,  which  arrived  in  Boston  in  September,  1746.  The  alarm, 
however,  proved  to  be  false.  The  French  expedition  failed  on  account  of  the  loss  of 
vessels  by  tempests,  and  of  men  by  a  "  pestilential  fever."  No  roster  of  volunteers  in 
this  colonial  army  is  known  to  exist;  but,  doubtless,  as  on  every  other  occasion  of  alarm 
or  war,  the  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  were  prompt  to 
respond  to  duty's  call,  and  ready  for  any  emergency. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Comjjany  recruited  in  1746  were  :  John  Austin,  Samuel 
Hendley,  Alexander  Hill,  Thomas  LawlOTpSamuel  Livermore,  and  Samuel  Swift. 

John  Austin  (1746),  carver,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  James  and  Mary  (Tufts)  Austin, 
was  born  in  that  town  Nov.  28,  1722.  He  married  Susanna  Schreech,  Sept.  27,  1750. 
His  parents  died  when  he  was  young,  and  he  was  therefore  compelled  to  care  for  him- 
self. He  Jearned  the  carver's  trade,  and  became  an  expert  workman.  Oct.  1,  1770,  he 
removed  to  Boston,  and  resided  there  until  his  decease,  which  occurred  about  1786,  in 
which  year  the  property  he  left  was  divided  among  his  children. 

His  son,  John,  born  April  17,  1756,  was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolution.  He  was  a  con- 
ductor of  military  stores  from  Jan.  1,  1777,  and  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant  in 
Col.  Crane's  regiment  of  artillery,  May  17,  1780.  In  1800  he  was  a  tailor,  on  Lynn 
Street,  Boston.     John  Austin  (1746)  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1753. 

Samuel  Hendley  (1746),  distiller,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Samuel  Hendley,  Esq.,  of 
Charlestown,  was  born  in  1718.  He  married,  (1)  Oct.  29,  1741,  Elizabeth  Cheever, 
daughter  of  Ezekiel   (1733)  ;  (2)   Oct.  4,  1762,  Katharine  Russell,  who  died  Aug.  19, 

John  Austin  (1746).   Authorities :  Wyman's  Samuel  Hendley  (1746).    Authority:  Wy- 

Charlestown  Genealogies  and   Estates;    Memorials       man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates, 
of  the  Mass.  Society  of  the  Cincinnati. 


4-0  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,74D 

1812,  aged  seventy-one  years.     He  died  Aug.  29,  1795,  aged  seventy-seven  years.     His 
daughter,  Rebecca  Tyng,  married  Hon.  John  Soley,  son  of  John  Soley  (1757). 

Col.  Samuel  (1746)  became  a  member  of  the  church  at  Charlestown,  Aug.  n,  1751. 
He  was  treasurer  of  that  town  for  many  years,  and  was  very  wealthy.  He  was  a  soldier 
prior  to  the  Revolution,  and  during  the  war  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel.  In  Frothing- 
ham's  "Siege  of  Boston,"  pages  287  and  288,  he  speaks  of  the  attempt  of  the  Americans 
to  burn  the  houses  remaining  in  Charlestown,  used  by  the  British.  The  enterprise  was 
undertaken  one  evening,  Jan.  8,  1776,  when  Gen.  Howe  was  present  at  a  theatrical 
entertainment  in  Boston,  which  presented  "The  Blockade  of  Boston."  The  effort  on 
the  part  of  the  Americans  proved  successful,  and  Major  Hendley  (1746),  with  the  other 
commanders,  was  "  much  praised  for  his  good  conduct  on  this  occasion,  and  was  thanked 
in  the  general  orders  of  the  next  day."  His  will,  dated  Dec.  28,  1789,  was  probated 
Sept.  5,  1795.  The  inventory  amounted  to  ten  thousand  five  hundred  and  sixty-six 
pounds. 

Alexander  Hill  (1746),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Arthur  and  Rebekah  Hill,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Aug.  23,  1722.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1749. 
Mr.  Hill  (1746)  was  chosen  clerk  of  the  market  in  1748,  and  scavenger  in  1752  and 
1755.  March  5,  1774,  he  was  one  of  a  committee  chosen  "  to  look  into  the  law  relative 
to  scavengers,  and  get  such  amendment  made  as  is  necessary."  He  was  chosen  to  visit 
the  schools  with  the  justices  and  prominent  gentlemen  of  the  town.  He  performed  that 
service  July  1,  1761,  June  29,  1762,  June  26,  1765,  and  July  7,  1773.  He  was  warden  in 
1764,  and  one  of  the  firewards  from  1769  to  1773  inclusive.  He  was  doubtless  a  good 
accountant,  since,  from  1769  to  1775,  he  was  quite  often  chosen  to  audit  accounts;  viz., 
accounts  of  the  town  treasurer,  of  the  manager  of  the  granary,  and  of  the  overseers  of 
the  poor. 

March  13,  1770,  an  article  in  the  town  warrant  relative  to  the  "non-importation  of 
tea,  etc.,"  came  up  for  action,  when  Mr.  Hill  (U46)  was  chosen  one  of  the  committee 
to  draw  up  an  agreement  for  the  shopkeeperslfiPi  dealt  in  tea  to  sign,  which  provided 
that  they  would  "  not  dispose  of  any  more  tea  until  the  revenue  acts  were  repealed." 
Nov.  2,  1772,  when  the  town  and  Gov.  Hutchinson  were  holding  correspondence,  Mr. 
Samuel  Adams  moved,  in  town  meeting,  "  that  a  Committee  of  Correspondence  be 
appointed,  to  consist  of  twenty-one  persons,  to  state  the  rights  of  the  colonists  and  of 
this  province  in  particular,  as  men,  as  Christians,  and  as  subjects ;  to  communicate  and 
publish  the  same  to  the  several  towns  of  this  province  and  to  the  world  as  the  sense  of 
this  town,"  etc.  Alexander  Hill  (1746),  Major  Nathaniel  Barber,  Jr.  (1758),  Major 
Richard  Boynton  (1759),  with  Otis,  Adams,  Warren,  and  others,  were  members  of  this 
committee. 

The  town  records  clearly  show  that  Mr.  Hill  (1746)  was  an  earnest  patriot,  and 
sought  to  make  successful  the  colonial  cause.  His  residence  was  on  Clark  Street,  back 
of  the  New  North  Meeting-house,  and  opposite  Oliver  Everett's,1  "  No.  23."  Mr.  Hill's 
(1746)  house  is  still  standing. 

Alexander  Hill  (1746).    Authority  :  Boston  and  a  granddaughter  of  Alexander   Hill  (1746). 

Records.  Alexander  Sears  Hill  graduated  at  Harvard  College 

1  "Hon.   Edward   Everett  was  a  son  of  Rev.  in  1764,  and  died  in  1771.     Lucy  Hill  was,  after  his 

Oliver  and  Lucy  (Hill,)  Everett.     She  was  a  daugh-  death,  placed  under  the  care  of  her  grandfather."  — 

ter  of  Alexander  Sears   and   Mary  (Richey)  Hill,  Boston  Advertiser,  Jan.  16,  1865. 


i746]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  41 

Thomas  Lawlor  (1746),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth 
Lawlor,  was  born  March  28,  1720.  He  married,  Dec.  21,  1742,  Susanna  Martin.  He 
held  minor  town  offices  in  1747  and  1750.  He  was  approved  and  recommended  by  the 
selectmen  as  a  retailer  of  beer  and  cider,  Oct.  13,  r740.  His  shop  was  on  Ship,  now 
North,  Street.  March,  1 741-2,  he  was  approbated  by  the  selectmen,  and  he  became  a 
member  of  John  Earl's  engine  company,  located  near  "  the  New  North  Meeting-house, 
in  Mr.  Hutchinson's  building."  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1749,  and  second  sergeant  in  1754. 

Samuel  Livermore  (1746),  yeoman,  of  Watertown,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Rebecca 
(Barns)  Livermore,  was  born  in  that  part  of  Watertown  now  called  Waltham,  March  14, 
1701-2,  and  he  died  Aug.  7,  1773.  He  married,  (1)  Nov.  10,  1726,  Hannah  Brown, 
daughter  of  Dea.  William  Brown,  of  Cambridge;  (2)  Jan.  22,  1765,  Hannah,  widow  of 
Daniel  Harrington.  She  died  Dec.  31,  1765.  (3)  May  7,  1767,  Joanna  Felton,  of  Water- 
town,  who  died  Sept.  5,  1767,  aged  forty-six  years;  (4)  March  5,  1770,  Thankful,  widow 
of  Richard  Cutting.  She  died  Nov.  4,  1772.  He  had  nine  children  by  his  first  wife, 
and  none  by  the  others.  Of  these  children,  Samuel  was  an  officer  of  the  crown  for  some 
years  ;  was  several  times  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress ;  chief  justice  of  New 
Hampshire  in  1782;  representative  to  Congress,  and  was  a  United  States  senator  for 
nine  years,  or  until  the  year  1800,  when  he  resigned. 

Major  Samuel  Livermore  (1746)  inherited  a  considerable  estate  from  his  grand- 
uncle,  Nathaniel  Livermore,  of  Watertown,  including  the  now  so-called  "  Lyman  "  farm 
in  Waltham.  By  industry  and  frugality  he  added  largely  to  his  inherited  estate.  For 
many  years  he  was  the  most  prominent  citizen  in  the  town.  He  was  a  selectman  of 
Watertown  twenty- two  years,  1743-64;  representative  to  the  General  Court  from  1745 
to  1765,  except  in  1748;  assessor  twelve  years,  1738-56;  town  clerk  and  treasurer 
twenty-six  years,  1738-63  ;  moderator  of  town  meetings  twenty-two  years,  1740-64,  and 
was  a  deacon  of  the  church.  He  was  also  identified  with  the  militia,  and,  passing 
through  the  regular  promotion,  became  major  of  the  First  Regiment  of  Massachusetts 
militia.     He  was  a  thorough  patriot,  and  active  in  supporting  the  cause  of  the  colonies. 

Samuel  Swift  (1746),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Col.  Samuel  (1724)  and  Ann  (Hol- 
man)  Swift,  of  Milton,  was  "born  at  the  homestead  on  Milton  Hill,"  July  9,  1715.  He 
married  (1)  Sarah  Tyler,  and  (2)  Ann  Foster,  of  Dorchester.  By  the  first,  he  had  one 
daughter ;  by  the  last,  two  sons  and  four  daughters.  One  of  his  sons,  Foster,  became  a 
physician  in  Taunton,  and  was  the  father  of  Gen.  Joseph  G.  Swift,  U.  S.  A.,  one  of  the 
first  cadets  at  West  Point,  who  presided  at  the  banquet  given  in  Boston  in  July,  1817, 
in  honor  of  President  Monroe ;  and  the  other,  Jonathan,  a  merchant,  who  settled  in 
Virginia.  President  Adams  often  speaks  of  Samuel  Swift  (1746)  in  his  diary.  He  says, 
1766  :  "Spent  the  evening  at  Sam.  Adams  very  socially  with  brother  Swift."  In  a  letter 
to  William  Wirt,  who  was  writing  the  life  of  Patrick  Henry,  he  says:  "Among  the  illus- 
trious men  who  were  agents  in  the  Revolution  must  be  remembered  the  name  of  Samuel 
Swift  [1746]."  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1748,  and  its  clerk 
from  1749  to  1751. 

Thomas  Lawlor  (1746).    Authority:  Bos-  Samuel  Swift  (1746).    Authorities :  Teele's 

ton  Records.  Hist,  of  Milton;   Boston  Records. 

Samuel    Livermore    (1746).      Authority: 
Bond's  Hist,  of  Watertown,  pp.  345,  346. 


42  HISTORY   OF  THE-  ANCIENT   AND  [I746 

When  Gen.  Gage  offered  the  freedom  of  the  town  to  Bostonians  who  would  deposit 
their  arms  in  the  British  arsenal,  Mr.  Swift  (1746)  opposed  the  movement.  He  presided 
at  a  meeting  where  it  was  covertly  agreed  to  use  their  concealed  arms,  also  pitchforks 
and  axes,  to  assail  the  soldiers  on  Boston  Common.  This  scheme  was  revealed  to  Gen. 
Gage,  and  Mr.  Swift  (1746)  was  arrested.  He  was  permitted  to  visit  his  family,  then  at 
Newton,  upon  his  parole  to  return  at  a  given  time.  At  the  appointed  time  he  returned, 
against  the  remonstrance  of  his  friends,  and  so  high  an  opinion  of  his  character  was 
entertained  by  Gen.  Gage  that  he  was  permitted  to  occupy  his  own  house  under  sur- 
veillance. From  disease  induced  by  confinement,  he  died  a  prisoner  in  his  own  house, 
a  martyr  to  freedom's  cause,  Aug.  31,  1775.  He  was  interred  in  his  tomb,  which  had 
formerly  belonged  to  the  father  of  his  first  wife,  Mr.  Samuel  Tyler. 

Samuel  Swift  (1746)  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1735,  settled  in  Boston,  and 
studied  law  in  the  office  of  the  distinguished  counsellor,  Jeremiah  Gridley.  He  was 
prominent  in  the  town  affairs  of  Boston.  In  1759,  x76l>  and  1770,  he  visited,  with 
others,  and  examined  the  schools  of  the  town.  In  1759,  he  was  chosen  on  a  committee 
to  regulate  the  quantity,  etc.,  of  wood  brought  by  carriage  into  town,  which  resulted  in  a 
legislative  act  that  wood  brought  by  land  carriage  must  be  four  feet  in  length,  the  same 
as  if  brought  by  water.  In  1765,  he,  with  others,  was  authorized  to  consider  the  selling 
of  the  town's  interest  in  Boston  Neck.  He  served  on  other  committees,  but  the  one  of 
greatest  interest,  chosen  March  19,  177 1,  consisted  of  Col.  Swift  (1746),  Hancock,  Samuel 
Adams,  Dr.  Church,  Joseph  Warren,  etc.,  to  wait  upon  Mr.  James  Lovel  and  notify  him 
that  the  town  had  chosen  him  to  deliver  an  oration,  April  2,  at  10  a.  m.,  "to  com- 
memorate the  barbarous  murder  of  five  of  our  fellow-citizens,"  etc.,  on  the  5th  of  March, 
1770.  In  1773,  with  Adams,  Warren,  Church,  etc.,  he  was  "to  consider  what  is  best  to 
be  done  to  vindicate  the  town  from  the  gross  misrepresentations  and  groundless  charges 
in  his  Excellency's  messages  to  both  Houses,"  etc.  The  report  of  the  committee  was 
unanimously  accepted,  recorded  in  the  town  books,  printed,  and  sent  far  and  near. 

Mr.  Swift  (1746)  was  a  Freemason,  and  from  July  10,  1752,  when  he  sat  in  Grand 
Lodge  as  senior  warden  of  the  First  Lodge,  until  1774,  he  was  often  present  at  the  com- 
munications of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge.  At  the  installation  of  John  Rowe  as  grand 
master,  Nov.  23,  1768,  Bro.  Samuel  Swift  (1746)  carried  in  the  procession  the  "Golden 
Level." 

Monday,  April  3,  1775,  an  adjourned  town  meeting  assembled  in  Faneuil  Hall.  The 
record  is  :  "Mr.  Samuel  Adams,  Moderator  of  this  Meeting  being  at  the  Congress  now 
sitting  at  Concord,  Samuel  Swift,  Esq.  [1746],  was  chosen  Moderator,  Pro  Tempore," 
which  concluded  his  public  service  to  the  town. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1746  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  7th,  1746.  The  Company  being  under  arms  at  Faneuil  Hall,  being  rainy 
weather,  voted,  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Nathaniel  Walter  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Elec- 
tion Sermon ;  and  that  the  field  officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  with  the 
present  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire 
the  same.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Serg't  Hurds  [1743],  li  was  voted,  that  the 
following  gentlemen  should  be  a  committee  to  take  care  of  and  manage  the  Company's 
money;  Col.  Jacob  Wendell  [1733],  Lieut.-Col.  William  Downe  [1716],  Maj.  Daniel 
Henchman  [1712],  Capt.  John  Wendell  [1733],  Capt.  John  Phillips  [1725]. 

"May  5th.     The  Company  being  at  the  house  of  Ensign  John  Codman  [1733]  oi 


,746]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  43 

Charlestown,  the  following  votes  were  passed,  viz  :  1st.  That  the  charge  of  each  member's 
dinner,  on  the  next  Election  day,  be  defrayed  by  the  Company,  and  the  Treasurer  to  pay 
the  same.  2d.  That  an  allowance  of  forty  pounds  be  added  to  the  standing  sum  of  thirty 
pounds  to  make  up  the  sum  of  seventy  pounds,  old  tenor,  to  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer 
to  the  commission  officers  towards  defraying  their  charges  next  Election  day.  3d.  That 
the  committee  lately  chosen  have  power  to  let  out  the  five  hundred  pounds,  received  for 
Rutland  lands,  upon  interest  till  the  rest  of  the  money  be  received. 

"The  Captain  being  one  of  the  committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Walter  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Election  Sermon,  made  report  to 
the  Company,  that  he  had  accepted  the  same. 

"June  2d.  The  Company  being  under  arms  in  Faneuil  Hall,  being  rainy  weather, 
it  was  voted,  that  the  old  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  and  the  new  commission 
officers  this  day  chosen,  with  L't  Col.  Downe  [17 16],  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Nathaniel  Walter  &  return  the  thanks  of  this  Company  to  him  for  his  sermon 
preached  this  day.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Maj.  Daniel  Henchmans  [1712],  it 
was  there  voted,  that  the  committee  lately  chosen  by  the  Company,  for  managing  the 
Company's  stock,  have  power  to  let  the  money  out  at  interest  and  are  to  take  care  that 
there  is  good  personal  and  real  security  given,  and  that  the  money  is  fixed  that  it  may  be 
made  good  as  when  it  was  lent." 

Rev.  Nathaniel  Walter,  of  Roxbury,  minister  of  the  Second  Parish,  delivered  the 
Artillery  election  sermon  of  1746.1  He  was  the  son  of  Rev.  Nehemiah  Walter,  who 
delivered  the  Artillery  sermon  in  171 1,  and  Sarah  (Mather)  Walter,  daughter  of  Rev. 
Increase  Mather.  Rev.  Nathaniel  Walter  was  born  Aug.  15,  171 1,  and  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1729.  He  married,  in  1735,  Rebecca  Abbott,  of  Brookline,  who 
died  in  1  790. 

Mr.  Francis  S.  Drake  says,  in  his  history  of  Roxbury,  "When  Dr.  Boylston  intro- 
duced the  practice  of  inoculation  for  small-pox  into  Boston,  Rev.  Cotton  Mather,  who 
was  its  powerful  advocate,  was  violently  assailed.     '  His  nephew,  Mr.  Walter,'  says  a 

1   Extracts   from    Rev.    Mr.  Walter's    sermon,  Army  shall   be  applauded  while   Time   and    Days 

preached  before  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Ai til-  endure.  .  .  . 
lery  Company  June  2,  1746: —  "To  You,  Gentlemen,  of  the  ancient  and  hon- 

"  In  the  first  place  then, —Your  Excellency  will  ourable  Artillery- Company,  let  me  next  address 
permit  me  on  this  joyful  Day,  the  Monument  of  myself.  As  you,  Gentlemen,  have  seen  fit  to  pitch 
ancient,  British  Liberty,  to  congratulate  your  Excel-  upon  me,  the  least  of  all  my  Brethren  in  the  Minis- 
lency  upon  the  Smiles  of  Heaven  on  your  mild,  your  try,  to  stand  this  Day  in  the  Desk,  that  so  you  might 
just,  and  your  wise  Government:  Where's  a  Ruler  do  Honour  to  that  Gallant  Army  of  your  country- 
happier  in  his  People,  where  's  a  People  happier  in  men,  who  reduced  Louisbourg  under  the  British 
their  Ruler,  than  SHIRLEY  and  his  Province?  Government;  and  to  whom  there  can  scarcely  be 
When  their  Captain-General  gives  forth  the  Com-  too  much  Honour  done  :  I  assure  you  it  is  no  small 
mand,  cheerfully  they  obey,  and  thus  the  feeble  Motive  to  me  to  appear  here  this  Day,  that  I  might 
Fortress  of  Annapolis- Royal  is  saved  from  the  mention  to  you  their  manly  Piety  and  their  English 
Hands  of  her  Enemies,  and  the  now-impregnable  Bravery,  of  which  I  myself  was  an  Eye-witness: 
Fortress  of  Louisburg  is  put  into  our  Possession :  Piety  and  Bravery,  which  you,  Gentlemen,  will  copy 
Shirley's  Troops  know  how  to  Pray,  and  Shirley's  after,  whenever  God  shall  call  you  to  play  the  Men 
Troops  know  how  to  Fight,  so  as  perpetually  to  in  the  Cause  of  Liberty  and  Virtue.  From  You 
engage  the  God  of  Armies  on  their  Side,  who  crowns  there  went  forth  the  Great  and  the  Good  in  the  late 
their  noble  Attempts  with  Success  and  Victory:  .  .  .  Campaign  at  Louisbourg :  And  from  Whom,  Gen- 
Let  one  then,  whose  Eyes  beheld  the  charming  tlemen,  can  we  more  justly  expect  Heroes  than  from 
Virtue  and  the  undaunted  Courage  of  a  New-Eng-  You,  the  Flower  of  our  Land,  the  Glory  of  our 
land  Army,  raised  by  your  Excellency's  Command  Country?  .  .  .  Wherefore  now,  Gentlemen,  to  your 
and  Vigilance,  congratulate  You  on  the  Reduction  Posts,  and  carry  this  Truth  along  with  you,  He  that 
of  Cape-Breton:  Happy  Conquest!  .  .  .  Future  would  fight  courageously,  and  die  happily  must  live 
Ages  shall   bless   your  Memory  and   your   gallant  virtuously." 


44  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l;47 

writer  of  the  day,  '  one  of  the  ministers  of  Roxbury,  having  been  privately  inoculated  in 
the  doctor's  house  in  Boston,  a  villain,  about  three  o'clock  in  the  morning,  set  fire  to  the 
fuse  of  a  grenade  shell  filled  with  combustibles,  and  threw  it  into  the  chamber  where  he 
was  lying.  The  fuse  was  fortunately  displaced  by  the  passing  of  the  shell  through  the 
window,  and  the  wildfire  spent  itself  upon  the  floor.  It  was  generally  supposed  that 
the  bursting  of  the  shell  was  by  that  means  prevented.'  " 

Walter  Street  was  named  for  Rev.  Nathaniel  Walter.  Once  the  church,  the  burial- 
ground,  and  the  parsonage  were  upon  it,  but  now  only  the  burial-place  remains.  His 
son,  Rev.  William  Walter,  in  whose  house  in  Charter  Street  the  British  Major  Pitcairn, 
wounded  at  Bunker  Hill,  expired,  was  pastor  of  Christ  Church,  Boston. 

Rev.  Mr.  Nathaniel  Walter  served  as  chaplain  of  Col.  Richmond's  regiment  in  the 
Louisburg  expedition.  He  was  ordained  July  10,  1734,  and,  after  a  pastorate  of  forty- 
two  years,  died  March  n,  1776. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1 747  were  :  John  Phillips 

I  7  A7  -  ( '  725),    captain;    Hugh  McUaniel  (1729),  lieutenant;    Thomas   Edwards 

'      ''       (1724),  ensign.    Caleb  Phillips  (1742)  was  first  sergeant ;  John  Gore  (1743), 

second  sergeant;  Thomas  Greenough   (1744),  third  sergeant;  Isaac  Cazneau   (1744), 

fourth  sergeant,  and  Caleb  Phillips  (1742),  clerk. 

Dec.  9,  1747,  the  town-house  was  injured  by  fire.  The  records,  books,  papers, 
furniture,  pictures  of  the  kings  and  queens,  etc.,  which  were  in  the  council  chamber,  the 
chamber  of  the  House  of  Representatives  and  the  apartments  thereof,  in  that  story 
(second),  were  consumed;  and  in  the  cellars,  which  were  hired  by  several  persons,  a 
great  quantity  of  wines  and  other  liquors  were  lost.  The  fire  was  supposed  to  have 
caught  from  the  wood-work  under  the  hearth  taking  fire.  The  General  Court,  then  in 
session,  completed  their  meetings  at  the  Royal  Exchange  tavern,  kept  by  Luke  Vardy. 
The  town-house  was  immediately  and  thoroughly  repaired. 

On  account  of  the  ill- advised  action  of  Commodore  Charles  Knowles,  there  was  a  riot 
in  Boston,  Nov.  17,  1747.  Resulting  therefrom,  two  letters  from  the  governor  appeared 
in  the  Boston  press.  Dec.  24,  1747,  Thomas  Hubbard  (1732),  Thomas  Hutchinson, 
Edward  Bromfield  (1732).  Andrew  Oliver,  and  Josiah  Quincy  were  chosen  to  petition 
his  Excellency  that  he  would  endeavor  to  remove  the  disadvantageous  light  he  had  set 
Boston  in  before  the  world  by  his  letters.1 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1747  were  :  Josiah  Edson,  Jr., 
John  Edwards,  Jr.,  William  Homes,  Jonathan  Lowder,  Thomas  March,  Thomas  Ray- 
mond, Onesiphorus  Tilestone,  Josiah  Waters. 

Josiah  Edson,  Jr.  (i747).  yeoman,  resided  in  Bridgewater.  He  was  appointed  a 
justice  of  the  peace  June  27,  1747,  and  was  reappointed  Jan.  28,  1762,  and  coroner  for 
Plymouth  County  March  6,  1773.  He  was  also  a  selectman  in  his  native  town,  and  a 
representative  to  the  General  Court  for  many  years. 

He  commanded  the   Bridgewater  regiment   in   1772,   and  was   one  of  the   king's 

Josiah   Edson,   Jr.  (1747)-     Authorities:  '  See  Boston  Weekly  News-Lctter,  Dec.  10, 1747, 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;       and  Boston  Evening  Post,  Dec.  14,  1747. 
Sabine's  Loyalists. 


i747]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  45 

mandamus  council  at  the  Revolution;  Doubting  the  propriety  and  ability  of  resisting 
the  mother  country,  he  was  stigmatized  as  a  Tory.  The  people  of  Bridgewater,  being 
nearly  all  Whigs,  assembled  to  tar  and  feather  the  old  man,  and  the  mob  collected  in  the 
evening  and  began  their  tumultuous  march.  The  veneration  they  had  always  borne  him 
served  to  curb  their  passions  as  they  approached,  and  it  was  found,  when  within  half  a 
mile  of  his  house,  that  the  mob  had  imperceptibly  dwindled  to  ten  persons,  who 
stopped  to  consider  what  was  to  be  done,  and,  awed  by  his  amiable  character  and 
dignity,  concluded  to  quietly  return  to  their  homes,  leaving  the  old  gentleman  to  enjoy 
his  opinions  without  molestation.  He  was  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
Plymouth  County.  Jan.  6,  1746,  Capt.  Josiah  Edson,  Jr.  (1747),  was  elected  by  the 
General  Court  one  of  the  guardians  of  the  Plymouth  and  Middleboro  Indians,  and  was 
re-elected  to  that  office  in  1758. 

Somewhat  different  from  the  foregoing  is  the  account  given  of  him  in  "  Biographical 
Sketches  of  American  Loyalists,"  by  Lorenzo  Sabine,  who  says  of  Col.  Edson  (1747)  : 
"  He  was  a  noted  politician  of  the  time,  and  was  known  by  the  two  most  odious  appel- 
lations which  prevailed;  namely,  as  a  'rescinder'  and  a  'mandamus  councillor.' 
Hutchinson  speaks  of  him  in  1 77 1,  when  he  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives, as  one  of  the  several  gentlemen  of  that  body  who,  in  common  times,  would  have 
had  great  weight,  but  who,  then  discouraged  by  the  great  superiority  of  numbers  against 
them,  were  inactive.  In  1774,  Col.  Edson  [1747]  was  driven  from  his  home  by  a 
mob,  and  was  compelled  to  reside  in  Boston  under  protection  of  the  British  troops,  and, 
at  the  evacuation  in  1776,  he  accompanied  the  army  to  Halifax.  He  went  from  Halifax 
to  New  York,  and  died  in  that  city,  or  on  Long  Island,  not  long  after  his  arrival  [in 
1778].  He  was  a  graduate  of  Harvard  University  [Class  of  1730],  a  colonel  in  the 
militia,  a  deacon  in  the  church,  and  a  respectable,  virtuous  man.  He  is  alluded  to  in 
McFingal  as  '  that  old  simplicity  of  Edson.'  " 

John  Edwards,  Jr.  (1747),  bookseller,  of  Boston,  son  of  John,  grandson  of  John 
(1699),  nephew  of  Thomas  (1724)  and  of  Capt.  Joseph  Edwards  (1738),  was  born  in 
Boston,  June  15,  1725.     He  was  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  of  Boston. 

He  held  town  office  in  1747  and  1748,  and  was  elected  a  constable  in  1752,  1753, 
and  1754,  but  was  excused  from  serving  each  year  by  the  town.  He  visited  the  public 
schools,  with  the  justices  and  selectmen,  July  1,  1767,  and  July  6,  1768.  He  was  second 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1751,  and  its  clerk  from  1758  to  1764  inclusive. 

William  Homes  (1747),  silversmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Robert  and  Mary 
(Franklin)  Homes,  was  born  March  9,  17 17,  and  died  in  1783.  His  mother,  Mary 
Franklin,  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  26,  1694,  was  a  sister  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  and  of  John 
(1739).  Capt.  William  (1747)  married,  April  24,  1740,  Rebecca  Dawes,  sister  of 
William  (1760).  She  was  born  March  9,  1718,  and  died  in  1788.  He  united  with  the 
Old  South  Church,  Jan.  29,  1748,  his  wife  Rebecca  having  joined  the  same  church  Feb. 
8,  1735.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1752,  fourth  sergeant  in 
1754,  lieutenant  in  1761,  and  captain  in  1765.  He  served  as  clerk  of  the  marketin  1753 
and  1754,  and,  when  elected  to  that  office  in  1763,  he  is  called  "William  Homes,  Esq." 

John    Edwards,   Jr.    '1747).      Authority:  John  Edwards  as  "a  proper  person  to  be  appointed 

Boston  Records.  a  measurer  of  wheat  for  this  port." 

May  22,  1763,  the  selectmen  directed  the  town  William  Homes  (1747).  Authorities:  Bos- 
clerk  to  give  in  to  the  Court  of  Sessions  the  name  of  ton  Records;  Glover  Memorial. 


46  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i747 

He  was  warden  in  1764,  and  a  fire  ward  from  1764  to  1770  inclusive.  March  19,  1771, 
on  declining  to  serve  longer,  the  town,  by  formal  vote,  thanked  him  for  his  past  faithful 
service  as  a  fireward.  He  was  one  of  the  purchasers  of  grain  from  1766  to  1769  inclu- 
sive, and  visited  the  public  schools,  with  the  justices  and  others,  July  6,  1768.  He  was 
appointed,  May  22,  1769,  one  of  a  committee  of  twelve,  "to  draw  up  and  procure  sub- 
scriptions to  an  agreement  not  to  purchase  any  lamb  for  family  consumption  till  the 
first  of  July  next."  He  made  the  general  walk,  or  visitation,  of  the  town,  representing 
Ward  5,  Feb.  16,  1762;  Feb.  21,  1763;  Feb.  10,  1764;  Feb.  15,  1765,  and  Feb.  13, 
1766.      His  residence  and  place  of  business  were  in  Ann  Street. 

Jonathan  Lowder  (1747),  barber,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  (1708)  and  Mary 
Lowder,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  Oct.  26,  17 13.  He  married,  in  1736,  Ann, 
daughter  of  Brattle  and  Ann  (Gillam)  Oliver,  who  was  born  Nov.  18,  1715.  He  was 
elected  constable  in  1738,  but  was  excused  from  serving.  He  was  re-elected  to  that 
office  in  1 741.  He  united  with  the  Old  South  Church,  June  30,  1734,  and  served  as 
third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1750.     He  resided  on  Atkinson  Street. 

Administration  was  granted  on  his  estate  Dec.  1,  1769.  Inventory,  five  hundred 
and  thirty-two  pounds. 

Thomas  March  (1747)  was  a  stone  mason,  and  lived  in  Boston  as, early  as  May  26, 
1745,  when  his  first  child,  by  his  wife,  Dorcas,  was  born.  He  was  elected  constable 
in  1745,  but  paid  the  fine,  and  held  the  office  of  fence-viewer  in  1750,  175  r,  and  1752. 
June  7,  1749,  the  selectmen  agreed  with  Thomas  March  (1747)  to  build  a  wharf  at 
Rainsford's  Island,  according  to  the  vote  of  the  General  Court,  passed  April  26,  1749. 
He  held  the  office  of  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1751. 

Thomas  Raymond  (1747),  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1724,  and  married,  April  13, 
1743,  Margaret,  daughter  of  Abraham  Ireland.  Thomas  Raymond  (1747)  was  probably 
not  born  in  America,  as  it  is  recorded  on  the  father's  gravestone  at  Cambridge  that 
"  God  brought  him  [Abraham]  from  a  distant  land." 

Thomas  Raymond  (1747)  was  elected  constable  in  1745  and  1754,  but  was  excused 
from  service  both  years.  He  served  in  that  office  in  1757,  and  was  fourth  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1750.      He  died  in  Boston,  June  7,  1809. 

Onesiphorus  Tilestone  (1747),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Timothy  and  Hannah 
Tilestone,  of  Dorchester,  was  born  in  that  town  Oct.  4,  1710.  He  married,  March  21, 
1733-4,  Judith  Pierce,  and  died  Nov.  27,  1771,  aged  sixty-one  years.  He  was  buried 
in  Tomb  No.  5,  Granary  Burial  Ground. 

He  was  ensign  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1759,  lieutenant  in  1760,  and  its  captain 
in  1762.  He  held  the  office  of  hog-reeve  in  1741  ;  was  elected  constable  in  1744,  but 
declined  to  serve,  and  paid  the  fine;  was  fence-viewer  for  sixteen  years,  between  1743 
and  1765;  surveyor  of  boards  in  1755;  warden  in  1764  and  1 77 1,  and  visited  the 
schools  with  the  justices,  selectmen,  etc.,  July  4,  1770. 

Jonathan   Lowder   (1747).      Authorities:  Thoma9   Raymond   (1747).     Authorities: 

Boston    Records;     Descendants   of  Capt.   Thomas  Boston  Records;  W'yman's  Charlestown  Genealogies 

Brattle,  by  Edward  Doubleday  Harris.  and  Estates. 

Thoma9  March  (1747).    Authority  :  Boston  Onesiphorus  Tilestone  (1747).  Authority: 

Records.  Boston  Records. 


i747]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  47 

"The  petition  of  Capt.  Onesiphorus  Tileston  [1747]  and  other  tradesmen  employed 
in  repairing  Faneuil  Hall,  praying  that  the  town  would  grant  them  some  relief  on  account 
of  the  length  of  time"  their  bills  remained  unpaid,  was  presented  in  town  meeting  Sept. 
12,  1765.  A  committee  was  appointed,  which  reported  that  the  petitioners  contracted 
"  to  wait  until  the  money  is  raised  by  lottery."  In  the  schedule  of  demands  for  said 
repairs,  as  given  in  town  books,  Capt.  Tilestone's  (1747)  bill  is  one  thousand  two  hun- 
dred and  eighty-seven  pounds  six  shillings  and  two  pence.  His  mansion  was  in  Purchase 
Street,  opposite  his  wharf,  which  still  bears  his  name.  The  inventory  of  his  property 
includes  his  mansion,  six  hundred  and  thirty-three  pounds  six  shillings  and  eight  pence ; 
wharf  and  flats,  etc  ,  two  thousand  five  hundred  and  thirty-three  pounds  six  shillings  and 
eight  pence  ;  other  real  estate,  tools,  etc.,  making  a  total  of  four  thousand  one  hundred 
and  thirteen  pounds  and  four  shillings,  lawful  money. 

His  son,  Thomas  Tilestone,  a  carpenter,  was  one  of  the  guard  over  the  tea  ships  on 
the  night  of  Nov.  30,  1773. 

Josiah  Waters  (1747),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Josiah  and  Mary  Waters,  of 
Woburn,  was  born  July  2'6,  1721,  and  married,  Aug.  25,  1743,  Abigail  Dawes,  daughter 
of  Dea.  Thomas  Dawes,  and  sister  of  William  (1760)  and  Rebecca,  who  married  William 
Homes  (1747).  She  was  an  aunt  of  Sarah  Dawes,  who  married  Benjamin  Goldthwait 
(1740).  Capt.  Josiah  (1747)  and  Abigail  (Dawes)  Waters  had  three  children,  one  of 
whom,  Col.  Josiah  Waters,  Jr.,  joined  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company 
in   1769. 

Capt.  Waters  (1747)  joined  the  Old  South  Church  July  19,  1741.  Abigail,  his  wife, 
with  her  sister  Rebecca  and  her  brother  William  (1760),  joined  the  Old  South  Church 
Feb.  8,  1735.  Josiah  (1747)  and  his  wife  continued  in  active  membership  in  that  church 
until  their  decease.  Both  were  active  in  church  work,  and  were  held  in  the  highest 
esteem.  Capt.  Waters  (1747)  died  suddenly,  of  apoplexy,  Sept.  30,  1784,1  and  Mrs. 
Waters,  born  Jan.  13,  1721,  died  Nov.  22,  1816.  The  residence  and  place  of  business 
of  Capt.  Waters  (1747)  were  in  Ann  Street. 

Capt.  Waters  (1747)  was  somewhat  active  in  town  matters,  and,  prior  to  his 
becoming  engrossed  in  military  affairs,  held  town  office.  He  was  a  constable  of  Boston 
in  1740  and  1751,  viewer  of  boards  and  shingles  in  1746  and  1747,  clerk  of  the  market 
in  1753,  i754>  and  1763,  and  warden  in  1772.  He  made  a  "general  visitation"  of  the 
town,  Feb.  18,  1766,  and  visited  the  public  schools  (when  he  is  first  called  "  Captain  " 
in  the  Boston  records)  July  5,  1770.  In  1776,  he  received  one  hundred  and  seventy 
pounds  for  repairs  which  he  made  on  Faneuil  Hall. 

He  was  also  identified  with  the  military.  He  was  captain  of  a  Boston  company  at 
the  beginning  of  the  Revolution,  and  Gen.  Heath  (1765),  in  his  memoirs,  names  Capt. 
Josiah  Waters  (1747)  as  one  of  the  officers  who  assisted  Col.  Richard  Gridley  in  deter- 
mining and  erecting  the  works  about  Boston  in  1775.  Capt.  Waters  (1747)  was  third 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1751  and  1754,  ensign  in  1760,  lieutenant  in  1763, 
and  its  captain  in  1769. 

Josiah  Waters  (1747).    Authorities:  Hill's  a  kind  father,  an  inflexible  friend,  a  good  member 

Hist,  of  Old  South  Church;  Massachusetts  Centinel,  of   society,   and  a  worthy,   honest    man.     A  good 

1784;   Boston  Records.  character  after  death  is  common  enough:  but  the 

1  "Last   Thursday    [Sept.  30,    1784]    evening  propriety  of  this  will  not  be  disputed.    Funeral  Mon- 

died  of  an  apoplectic  fit,  Josiah  Waters,  Esq.,  the  day  next  from  his  dwelling  house  in  Ann  Street."  — 

elder,  of  this  town,  aged  63.     Six  hours  before  his  Massachusetts  Centinel. 
death  he  was  in  good  health.     A  tender  husband, 


48  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i747 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1747  is  as  follows  :  — 

"1747.  April  6th.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  voted,  that  the  Rev.  Mr. 
William  Hobby  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Election  Sermon,  and  that  the  field  officers 
of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  with  the  present  commission  officers  of  this 
Company  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  May  8th.  Friday.  Last  Monday  proving  foul  weather,  we  by  our  Charter  were 
obliged  to  appear  this  day,  and  being  under  arms,  the  Captain  being  one  of  the  Com- 
mittee appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hobby  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next 
Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  accepted  the  same.  In  the  evening,  it  was  voted, 
that  what  money  is  due  for  interest,  that  shall  be  received  by  the  Treasurer,  together 
with  what  shall  be  in  the  Clerk's  hands,  shall  be  applied  for  defraying  the  charge  of  the 
members  dinner  next  Election  day,  and  the  balance  that  shall  be  left,  shall  be  for  the 
benefit  of  the  commission  officers,  towards  defraying  the  rest  of  the  charge. 

"June  1st.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Capt.  John  Phillips'  [1725],  it  was  voted, 
That  the  old  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  and  the  new  commission  officers  this 
day  chosen,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hobby,  and  return  the  thanks  of 
this  Company  to  him  for  his  sermon  preached  this  day. 

"September  7th.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Lieut  Hugh  McDaniels  [1729],  it 
was  there  voted,  that  the  five  hundred  and  thirty  pounds,  old  tenor,  in  Col.  Downe's 
[17 16]  hands  belonging  to  this  Company  be  let  out  for  the  benefit  thereof  at  the  dis- 
cretion of  the  committee  formerly  appointed  for  that  purpose. 

"October.  At  Lt.  Thomas  Edwards'  [1724],  the  evening  being  spent  there,  voted, 
that  it  is  the  desire  of  this  Company  that  every  member  of  it  appear  upon  training  days 
with  a  gold  laced  hat  on.  Also,  that  the  Standing  Committee  be  impowered,  if  Mr. 
Holyoke  [17 14]  is  not  like  soon  to  finish  transcribing  the  Company's  Books,  to  get  it 
otherwise  done." 

Rev.  William  Hobby,  of  Reading,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1747.1 
He  was  a  son  of  John  Hobby,  who  was  a  brother  of  Sir  Charles  Hobby  (1702),  and  was 
born  Aug.  17,  1707.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1725.  In  1733,  the  town  of 
Reading  invited  him  to  settle  as  minister  of  the  First  Parish  at  a  salary  of  one  hundred 
and  twenty  pounds.  Mr.  Hobby  was  ordained  in  that  town  in  September,  1733.  The 
bill  of  expenses  of  ordination  (sixty-five  pounds  six  shillings  and  one  penny)  includes 
one  barrel  of  wine,  —  thirteen  pounds  and  eight  shillings.  In  1741,  Rev.  Mr.  Whitefield 
preached  on  Reading  Common.  Rev.  Mr.  Hobby  went  to  hear  him,  and  it  is  said  he 
afterwards  remarked,  "  that  he  went  to  pick  a  hole  in  Whitefield's  coat,  but  that  White- 
field  picked  a  hole  in  his  (Hobby's)  heart." 

Tradition  says  he  was  a  learned  and  pious  man,  an  able  writer  and  forceful  speaker. 
He  wore  a  big  wig,  large  knee  buckles,  and  other  showy  sacerdotal  vestments,  "  espe- 
cially on  the  Sabbath,  when  he  entered  the  temple  of  the  Lord  and  ascended  to  the  pulpit 
with  dignity  and  majesty."  He  died,  June  18,  1765,  in  Reading,  after  a  ministry  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Rev.  William  Hobby.     Authority:  Eaton's  ing  from  Psal.  78,  9,  10,  and  in  the  afternoon  they 

Hist,  of  Reading.  made  choice  of  John   Phillips  Esq  [1725]  for  their 

1  "  Monday  last  [June  I,  1747],  being  the  An-  Captain,    Mr   Hugh    McDaniel   [1729]   Lieutenant 

niversary  Day  for  electing  of  officers  in  the  ancient  and  Mr.  Thomas  Edwards  [1724]   Ensign  for  the 

and  honorable  Company  of  this  Province,  they  had  ensuing  year."  —  The  Boston  Evening  Post,  June 

a  Sermon  preach'd  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hobby  of  Read-  8,  1747. 


1748]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  49 

q  The    officers   of   the   Artillery  Company  elected   in    1748   were:   John 

I  7A,Q,  Carnes1    (1733),  captain;   Jonathan   Williams,  Jr.   (1729),  lieutenant,  and 

'      I         Samuel   Pratt    (1734),    ensign.      Jeremiah    Belknap,   Jr.   (1745),  was   first 

sergeant;   John  West  (1745),  second  sergeant;  John  Wendell,  "Tertius"  (1745),  third 

sergeant;  Samuel  Swift  (1746),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Caleb  Phillips  (1742),  clerk. 

The  first  Bibles  printed  in  America  were  printed  about  this  time.  It  was  a  violation 
of  law  for  any  one  to  print  Bibles  in  the  colonies.  It  was  therefore  done  secretly,  and 
a  false  imprint  was  inserted.  They  were,  however,  printed  by  Kneeland  &  Green  for 
Daniel  Henchman  (1712),  who  soon  after  issued  a  Testament.  Col.  Henchman  (1712), 
in  January,  1728,  effected  the  organization  of  a  company  for  paper  making.  His 
partners  in  the  enterprise  were  Gillam  Phillips  (1714),  Benjamin  Faneuil,  Thomas 
Hancock,  and  Henry  Deering,  son  of  Henry  (1682).  They  were  granted  the  exclusive 
right,  by  an  act  of  the  General  Court,  to  this  manufacture  in  the  province  for  a  term  of 
fifteen  years.  Their  paper  mill,  "believed  to  have  been  the  first  paper  mill  in  this 
country,"  was  situated  in  Milton,  "below  the  bridge,  on  the  Milton  side  of  the  river." 

So  tenacious  had  the  Artillery  Company  been  of  their  privileges,  that  few  instances 
are  found  of  interference.  April  1,  1748,  was  appointed  for  a  town  meeting  in  Boston; 
but,  it  appearing  that  that  day  was  one  of  the  charter  field  days,  "  the  meeting  was 
declared  null  and  void,  as  being  contrary  to  the  Artillery  charter."  A  similar  instance 
"  like  to  have  occurred  during  the  mayoralty  of  President  Quincy,  the  warrant  having 
been  made  out;  but  that  efficient  officer,  discovering  the  coincidence,"  immediately 
countermanded  it."2 

The  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1748  was  Edward  Cowell,  Jr. 

Edward  Cowell,  Jr.  (1748),  cooper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Edward,  married,  (1) 
Dec.  5,  1 745,  Hannah  Martin,  and,  (2)  Jan.  8,  1746-7,  Susanna  Gedney. 

He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1751,  and  second  sergeant  in 
1753.  He  was  chosen  scavenger  in  1749,  and  culler  of  staves,  hoops,  etc.,  in  1750  and 
1751,  from  1755  to  1757  inclusive,  1760,  and  from  1763  to  1777  inclusive,  —  a  service  of 
more  than  twenty  years.  April  2,  1771,  he  was  drawn  as  a  juryman  in  town  meeting, 
to  serve  at  the  April  court. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1748  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  1st,  1748.     In  the  field,  the  Company  being  under  arms,  chose  the  Rev. 

Mr.  Samuel  Dunbar,  of  Stoughton,  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon ;  & 

voted,   the   commission  officers  of   this  Company  and    the    field  of    the   Regiment,  a 

committee  to  wait  upon  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  N.  B.     There  was  a  Town  Meeting  called  at  Boston  upon  this  day,  which  being 

contrary  to  the  Artillery  Charter  was  declared  null  and  void. 

1  "To  be  Sold,  for  the  Benefit  of  the  Heirs,  North  Meeting-House.     Also  a  young  Negro  Man 

having  obtained  Leave  from  the  Great  and  General  capable  of  any  Business,  a  Marble  Table,  and  a 

Court  for  that  End,  The  Real  Estate  of  John  Carnes  Mahogany  ditto.    Inquire  of  Arthur  Savage  in  Ann- 

[1733],  late  of  Boston,  Esq;  deceased;  Consisting  Street. 

of  a  Stone-House,  with  a  good  Garden;   Two  Brick  "  N.  B.   All  that  are  indebted  to  said  Estate,  are 

Tenements  and  a  large  Shop,  fronting  Ann-Street,  desired  to  make  speedy  Payment;   and  all  to  whom 

with  a  Blacksmith's  Shop  and  several  Stores  back,  the    Estate  is  indebted,  are  desired   to  come  and 

two  good  Wells  of  Water  with  Pumps,  very  con-  receive  their  money."  —  Boston   Gazette,  July  21, 

venient  for  a  Merchant  or  Shop  keeper;   also  two  1 760. 

Tenements  in  Sun-Court,  so  called,  near  the  Old  2  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company. 


50  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i748 

"May  2d.  At  Sergeant  Greenough's  [1744],  Voted,  that  seventy  pounds,  old  tenor, 
be  allowed  the  present  commission  officers  next  Artillery  Election  Day ;  and  seventy 
pounds  to  go  towards  defraying  the  soldiers'  dinner  on  same  day.  The  whole  to  be  paid 
out  of  the  interest  money  in  the  Treasurers  hands  &  the  money  which  shall  be  in  the 
Clerk's  hands  next  October. 

"June  6th.  At  Capt  John  Carnes's  [1733],  the  evening  being  spent  there,  Voted, 
That  the  old  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  with  the  new  commission  officers  this 
day  chosen,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Dunbar,  and  return  the 
thanks  of  this  Company  to  him  for  his  sermon  preached  this  day. 

"September.    The  Artillery  Company  trained  at  Chelsea;  the  Ensign  living  there." 

Rev.  Samuel  Dunbar,  of  Stoughton,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1748. 
He  was  a  son  of  John  and  Margaret  (Holmes)  Dunbar,  and  was  born  in  Boston,  Oct.  2, 
1704.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1723,  and  was  ordained  pastor  of  the 
church  in  Stoughton  (Canton),  Nov.  15,  1727.  He  continued  in  this  work  until  his 
decease,  which  occurred  June  15,  1783,  aged  seventy-nine  years.  He"  was  a  true  patriot. 
In  1755,  he  was  chaplain  in  the  expedition  to  Crown  Point,  and  he  supported  the 
colonial  cause  during  the  war  of  the  Revolution.  He  lived  to  see  the  war  close  trium- 
phantly, and  the  return  of  peace.  At  the  celebration  held  in  Stoughton  in  honor  of 
that  event,  June  2,  1783,  he  was  present,  and  offered  a  public  prayer.  This  was  his  last 
public  service. 

"  Mr.  Bancroft  speaks  of  his  prayer  at  the  Doty  Tavern,  in  Canton,  where  the  first 
Suffolk  County  Congress  was  held,  in  1774.  When  the  British  fleet,  under  Lord  Howe, 
was  reported  off  the  coast,  meditating  a  descent  on  Boston,  Mr.  Dunbar  prayed  that 
God  would  '  put  a  bit  in  their  mouths  and  jerk  them  about,  send  a  strong  northeast  gale, 
and  dash  them  to  pieces  on  Cohasset  Rock.'  Again,  in  a  season  of  great  anxiety,  he 
prayed  that  God  would  let  the  Redcoats  return  to  the  land  whence  they  came,  '  for  Thou 
knowest,  O  God,  that  their  room  is  better  than  their  company.' " 

The  following-named  members  of  the  Company  are  given  in  the  record  book  as 
"  Artillery  soldiers  under  the  fine  of  6/  per  diem  for  non-appearance  "  :  — 

John  Adams  (r74o),"  John  Austin  (1746),  Thomas  Baxter  (1740),  James  Butler 
(1 739)i  Jonathan  Cary  (1740),  Isaac  Cazneau  (1744),  John  Comrin  (1744),  Edward 
Cowell,  Jr.  (1748),  John  Dixwell  (1741),  Thomas  Edes  (1739),  John  Edwards  (1747), 
John  Franklin  (1739),  Joseph  Gale  (1744),  Newman  Greenough  (1740),  Thomas 
Greenough  (1744),  Alexander  Hill  (1746),  John  Hyland  (1740),  Thomas  Johnson,  Jr. 
(1742),  Eneas  Mackay  (1745),  John  Nichols  (1740),  Caleb  Phillips  (1742),  Joseph 
Sherburne  (1745),  William  Simpkins  (1739),  Thomas  Snow  (1741),  Samuel  Swift 
(1746),  John  Wendell,  Terts.  (1745).  John  West  (1745),  John  Wilson  (1745),  Kenelm 
Winslow,  Jr.  (1743). 

The  above  list  was  prepared  probably  in  1748-9. 

Rev.  Samuel   Dunbar,      Authority:   Huntoon's  Hist,  of  Canton. 


&^f^uc^^°a/f^?^ ") 


i749]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  5 1 

The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1749  were:  Ebenezer 

I  7/1Q.  Storer  ( 1732),  captain ;  Joseph  Jackson  (1738),  lieutenant;  John  Symmes 

'  J     C 1 733))  ensign.     Joseph  Gale  (1744)  was  first  sergeant;  Joseph  Sherburne 

(1745),    second    sergeant;    Alexander   Hill    (1746),   third   sergeant;    Thomas   Lawlor 

(1746),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Swift  (1746),  clerk. 

The  Artillery  Company  found  themselves  embarrassed  by  the  assessors  of  Boston 
taxing  the  Company  funds.  Having  reluctantly  paid  taxes  for  three  years,  they,  by  their 
committee,  all  venerable  past  commanders,  petitioned  the  Legislature  to  direct  their 
taxes  to  be  refunded,  and  that  in  future  their  property  should  not  be  subject  to  taxation. 
This  petition  expresses  much  spirit  in  claiming  their  rights,  and  much  patriotism  in  the 
public  service.  It  was  thereupon,  "in  Council,  June  15,  1749,  read  and  ordered,  that 
the  prayer  of  this  petition  be  granted  and  that  the  aforesaid  taxes,  imposed  on  the 
Treasurer  of  the  Artilleiy  Company  aforesaid,  be  remitted;  and  it  is  hereby  declared 
that  the  donations  made,  or  to  be  made,  to  said  Company,  shall  be  exempt  from  all 
taxes  whatsoever,  until  this  Court  shall  order  otherwise." 

The  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1749  was  William  Moor. 

William  Moor  (1749),  son  of  William  and  Mary  (Dawes)  Moor,  of  Boston,  who 
were  married  March  28,  1728,  was  born  in  Boston,  May  9,  1730.  Mary  Dawes  (born 
Dec.  10,  1709)  was  a  sister  of  William  Dawes  (1760).  Mr.  Moor  (1749)  married,1 
July  10,  1759,  Sarah  Williston,  of  Boston.  His  mother,  Mary  (Dawes)  Moor,  united 
with  the  Old  South  Church  April  16,  1727,  and  his  father  joined  it  Aug.  12,  1759. 
William,  Jr.  (1749),  became  a  member  of  it  Dec.  21,  1760. 

Dec.  14,  1764,  William  Moor  (1749)  became  a  member  of  Engine  Company 
No.  8,  Capt.  Obadiah  Curtis.  He  served  as  sergeant  of  the  Fifth  Company,  First 
Massachusetts  Regiment,  in  the  Cape  Breton  expedition,  under  Sir  William  Pepperell.  He 
was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  a  member  of  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati 
of  Massachusetts.  He  was  commissioned  a  second  lieutenant  in  Col.  Crane's  regiment, 
Sept.  9,  1778,  and  served  to  the  end  of  the  war.  Re-entering  the  service,  he  was 
commissioned  a  lieutenant  May  1,  1787,  and  a  lieutenant  of  artillery  Sept.  29,  1789. 
He  died  in  1791,  at  the  River  St.  Mary's,  in  Georgia,  leaving  no  descendants. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1749  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  3d,  1749.     The  Company  being  under  arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Ellis  Gray,  of  Boston,  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon ;  and  it  was  then 
Voted,  that  the  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  and  the  field  officers  of  the  Regi- 
ment, be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"May  1st,  1749.  The  Company  being  under  arms  and  the  Capt.  viz:  Captain 
John  Carnes  [1733]  being  one  of  the  committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Gray  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  accepted  the 
same.  And,  in  the  evening  of  said  day,  being  at  the  house  of  Mr.  John  Wendell,  Tertius 
[1745],  it  was  then  and  there  voted,  that  seventy  pounds,  in  old  tenor  bills,  so  called, 
be  allowed  to  the  Captain  and  other  officers  to  help  defray  the  Artillery  Election  charges 
of  dinner  &c,  said  money  to  be  paid  out  of  the  first  interest  and  fines. 

William  Moor  (1749).   Authorities:  Boston  'A  William  More,  of  Boston,  married  Jane 

Records;   Drake's  Biog.  Notices  of  the  Cincinnati       McCastleen,  April  20,  4753. 
of  Massachusetts. 


52  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,749 

"Province  of 
"  Massachusetts  Bay. 
"  To  His  Excellency  William  Shirley  Esq.  Captain  General  Governor  and  Commander 

in  Chief  in  and  over  said  Province  :    To  the  Honorable,  His  Majesty's  Council  & 

Hon'ble  House  of  Representatives  in  General  Court  assembled  at  Boston  on  the 

last  Wednesday  in  May  1749. 

"The  petition  of  Jacob  Wendell  [1733],  William  Downe  [1716],  Daniel  Hench- 
man [1712],  John  Wendell  [1733]  and  John  Phillips  [1725],  in  behalf  of  the  Artillery 
Company  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  Humbly  sheweth  That  on  the  24th  day  of  April, 
A.  D.  1638,  the  then  General  Assembly  did  incorporate  the  Military  or  Artillery  Company 
of  said  Province,  and  did  then  grant  unto  said  Company  certain  priviledges  &  immunities 
as  per  their  Charter,  and  for  their  further  encouragement  the  General  Assembly  have,  at 
sundry  times,  made  liberal  donations  unto  them,  as  per  Record  may  fully  appear ;  the 
main  end  and  design  of  said  Company  being  to  advance  and  excel  in  Art  Military,  and 
to  be  a  Nursery  of  good  soldiers ;  of  all  which  this  Province  have  had  experience  for 
more  than  a  century  of  years,  and  from  their  first  incorporation  down  to  this  day,  strict 
military  orders  have  always  been  duly  observed  and  complied  with,  and  the  great  charge 
attending  the  same  has  been,  from  time  to  time,  cheerfully  bourne  by  the  respective 
officers  and  soldiers  of  the  said  Company,  who  are  now  ready  upon  any  emergency,  at 
the  command  of  their  Captain  General. 

"Now,  May  it  please  Your  Excellency  &  Honors;  In  consequence  of  those  dona- 
tions, &c,  and  of  the  prudent  management  of  said  Company,  they  have  a  small  annual 
income,  but  not  amounting  to  near  half  of  the  publick  and  other  necessary  charges,  which 
they  are  annually  at :  but  so  it  is,  May  it  please  your  Excellency  and  Honors,  that  the 
assessors  of  the  town  of  Boston,  in  the  conscientious  discharge  of  the  trust  reposed  in 
them,  have  for  these  three  years  past  continued  to  tax  the  Treasurer  of  said  Company  to 
the  amount  of  forty-five  pounds,  thirteen  shillings  and  four  pence,  old  tenor ;  which  your 
petitioners  considering  the  great  and  heavy  charge  annually  borne  by  said  Company, 
look  upon  to  be  burthensome ;  Wherefore,  as  this  Company  have  ever  been  so  happy  as 
to  have  the  countenance,  aid  &  assistance  of  this  Hon'ble  Court,  upon  all  occasions 
when  applied  to,  &  hope  they  have  done  nothing  to  incur  their  displeasure,  are  embol- 
dened humbly  to  pray  your  Excellency  &  Honors,  who  have  a  great  sense  of  the  absolute 
necessity  of  the  Military  Art  being  upheld  and  encouraged,  that  you  would  be  pleased 
to  direct  &  order  the  Assessors  of  the  town  of  Boston  to  remit  the  taxes  imposed  as  afore- 
said, the  time  of  abatements  for  this  year  being  lapsed  notwithstanding,  &c,  that  for  the 
future,  no  tax  be  imposed  on  said  Company ;  or  otherwise  to  relieve  them  in  the  premises 
as  your  Excellency  and  Honors  shall  deem  meet ;  and  as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever 
pray,  &c.  "Jacob  Wendell, 

"William  Downe, 
"  Daniel  Henchman 
"John  Wendell 
"  John  Phillips 

"  Committee  for  said  Company. 

"In  Council,  June  15th,  1749.  Read  and  ordered  that  the  prayer  of  this  petition 
be  granted  ;  and  that  the  aforementioned  taxes,  imposed  on  the  Treasurer  of  the  Artillery 
Company  aforesaid  be  remitted.     And  it  is  hereby  declared,  that  the  donations  made  or 


,749j  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  53 

to  be  made  to  said  Company,  shall  be  exempt  from  all  taxes  whatsoever,  until  this  court 
shall  order  otherwise.     Sent  down  for  concurrence.  J.  Willard,  Secretary. 

"  In  the  House  of  Representatives  June  15,  1749.     Read  and  Concurred. 

"J.  Dwight,  Speaker. 
"Consented  to     S  Phips 
"  Copy  examined  by  Thomas  Clark,  Deputy  Secretary. 

"June  5th.  Voted,  that  the  committee  aforesaid,  who  waited  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gray 
to  desire  him  to  preach  on  this  anniversary,  be  also  a  committee  to  return  him  thanks 
in  the  name  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  this  day  preached:  —  this  being  done 
under  arms.  Attest.     Samuel  Swift,  Clerk. 

"  October  2d,  1749.'  Capt.  John  Phillips  [1725]  was  chosen  Treasurer  in  the  room 
of  Col.  William  Downe  [1716],  who  resigned  that  trust,  and  desired  the  Company  would 
excuse  him.  They  then  voted,  that  the  thanks  of  the  Company  be  returned  to  Col. 
Downe  [17 16]  for  his  extraordinary  trouble  during  the  time  of  his  being  Treasurer. 
Also,  voted,  that  the  money  paid  by  Mr.  Collector  White  [1722],  being  about  eight 
pounds,  old  tenor,  be  repaid  by  the  Treasurer.  Attest     Sam'l  Swift,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Ellis  Gray,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1749.  His 
father  was  Edward  Gray,  of  Boston,  who  came  to  America  from  Lancastershire,  and  in 
1686,  a  youth,  was  an  apprentice  as  a  rope-maker  in  Boston.  Edward  married,  (1)  in 
1699,  Susanna  Harrison,  by  whom  he  had  several  children,  one  being  Harrison  Gray, 
the  distinguished  loyalist  and  treasurer  of  the  province.  Edward  married,  (2)  in  1714, 
Hannah  Ellis,  by  whom  he  had,  with  others,  Ellis  Gray,  born  Sept.  7,  1715,  who  gradu- 
ated at  Harvard  College  in  1734,  and  was  ordained  as  colleague  pastor  at  the  New 
Brick  Church,  Sept.  27,  1738.  He  married,  Sept.  20,  1739,  Sarah  Tyler,  by  whom  he 
had  one  daughter  and  two  sons.  Mr.  Gray  retained  this  relation  with  the  New  Brick 
Church  until  his  death,  which  occurred  very  suddenly,  on  Sunday,  Jan.  7,  1753,  in  the 
thirty-seventh  year  of  his  age  and  the  fifteenth  of  his  ministry.  His  senior  colleague, 
Rev.  William  Welsteed,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1729,  survived 
Mr.  Gray  but  four  months. 

For  Mr.  Gray's  funeral  expenses  eight  hundred  and  sixty-eight  pounds  were 
subscribed  j  six  hundred  and  fifty-three  pounds  were  expended.  Some  of  the  items 
were:  "Wine,  rum,  pipes,  tobacco,  ten  pounds.  Shoes  and  cloggs.  Hose  and  gloves. 
Necklace  for  the'  negro.  A  large  beaver  hat  for  Mr.  Welsteed.  Three  ditto  for  Mr. 
Gray's  two  sons  and  negro.  Fifteen  candles.  Black  shoe  buckles.  A  light  gray  bob 
wig  for  Mr.  Welsteed.     Tolling  six  bells,"  etc. 

Rev.  Chandler  Robbins,  in  the  history  of  the  Second  Church,  Boston,  says  of  Mr. 
Gray,  "  He  was  honest  and  firm  in  his  principles,  kind  and  obliging  to  all,  and  univer- 
sally respected  by  the  friends  of  piety  and  virtue." 

'  As. evidence  that  the  record  written  in  1680,  erased,  and,  as  there  was  not  room  enough  left  on 

and  the  transcript  written  in  1743,  are  still  in  the  that  page  for  the  correction,  he  wrote  it  out  in  full 

possession  of  the  Company,  it  may  be  stated  that  in  the  transcript. 

this  record  of  1749  is  given  in  the  original  book  The  original   book,  subsequent  to    1680,  was 

(1680),  except  that  part  referring  to  Oct.  2,  1749,  continued  as  an  original  record  book  until  its  pages 

which   is   given   in   the    transcript   (1743)   in    Mr.  were  full,  and   the   transcript  was  also  continued. 

Swift's  (1 746)  handwriting.     He  evidently  made  an  The  transcript  of  1743,  when  first  written,  ended 

error  in  the  original,  as  the  last  two  lines  have  been  with  June,  1749. 


54  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7So 

The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in    1750  were:    Hugh 
[  7  CQ.  McDaniel  (1729),  captain  ;  Thomas  Edwards  (1724),  lieutenant ;  John  Ben- 
*   ^        nett  (1734),  ensign.     John  Comrin  (1744)  was  first  sergeant;  John  Wilson 
(1745),  second  sergeant;    Jonathan    Lovvder  (1747),   third  sergeant;    Thomas  Ray- 
mond (1747),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Swift  (1746),  clerk. 

May  15,  1750,  "the  town  entered  upon  the  consideration  of  the  petitions  of 
Messrs.  Joseph  White  [1722],  John  Staniford,  and  William  Larrabee,  praying  they  may 
be  abated  the  taxes  they  had  paid  for  Harvard  College  and  the  Artillery  Company,  as 
the  same  were  remitted  by  the  General  Court,"  etc.  The  taxes  were  abated  by  the  town. 
At  the  same  meeting,  Abiel  Walley  (1710)  was  chosen  chairman  of  a  committee  to 
memorialize  the  Great  and  General  Court,  praying  them  to  repeal  the  law  lately  passed 
laying  a  duty  on  "  tea,  coffee,  coaches,  chaires,"  etc. 

Joseph  Wadsworth,  Esq.,  for  many  years  town  treasurer,  having  declined  to  serve 
longer,  his  accounts  were  settled  by  Capt.  John  Wheelwright  (1714).  The  town  there- 
fore voted,  "  that  the  thanks  of  the  town  be,  and  hereby  is,  given  to  the  Hon.  John 
Wheelwright  [  1 714]  for  his  great  Pains,  Care  and  Labour  in  Settling  the  Accompts  of 
the  late  Treasurer  Wadsworth  and  transferring  them  into  new  Books." 

In  1750,  the  colonial  troops  returned  in  triumph  from  the  capture  of  Louisburg, 
which  was,  in  fact,  an  anti-Catholic  crusade.  The  French  had  failed  to  restore  Charles 
Edward  to  the  British  throne,  and  the  supremacy  of  the  Church  of  Rome  upon  British 
soil  was  at  an  end.  The  struggle  was  then  transferred  to  America,  and  the  Protestant 
troops  went  to  capture  the  stronghold  of  France  under  a  flag  for  which  the  Rev.  George 
Whitefield  had  furnished  the  motto :  "Nil  desperandum  Chris  to  duce."  The  French, 
whose  possessions  extended  from  Louisburg  around  by  the  banks  of  the  St.  Lawrence, 
the  Great  Lakes,  and  the  Mississippi  to  New  Orleans,  had  to  retire  in  defeat.  It  was  in 
these  French  wars,  as  they  are  called,  that  the  Massachusetts  officers  became  trained 
soldiers,  displaying  their  indomitable  bravery,  unfaltering  energy,  personal  courage  and 
ability,  and  were  prepared,  a  few  years  later,  to  enter  upon  the  task  of  securing  the 
independence  of  the  colonies. 

The  journal  of  Capt.  Francis  Goelet'  contains  an  account  of  his  travels  and  voyages 
from  1746  to  1758.  During  his  second  voyage  from  New  York  to  London  in  1750,  in 
the  ship  "Tartar  Galley,"  he  encountered  a  severe  storm,  which  so  disabled  the  ship  that 
he  was  compelled  to  put  into  the  port  of  Boston  for  repairs.  Here  he  remained  from 
Sept.  29  to  Nov.  7,  1750,  in  the  meanwhile  visiting  Salem  and  Marblehead.  In  the 
extract  printed  in  the  "New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register"  for  January, 
1870,  there  are,  as  given  by  him,  minute  accounts  of  his  business  and  pleasure.  He 
reveals  a  phase  of  Boston  life  not  generally  associated  with  our  Puritan  fathers.  The 
society  in  which  he  became  intimate  seems  to  have  been  principally  composed  of  mem- 
bers of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company.  He  repeatedly  mentions  Jacob 
Wendell  (1733),  Abraham  and  John  (1733)  Wendell,  and  "Nat."  Cunningham  (1720). 
The  following  is  one  military  allusion  :  — 

"Boston,  October  n,  1750.  After  breakfast,  went  with  Mr.  Nat.  Cunningham 
[1720]  to  the  Commons  to  see  the  training,  which  consisted  of  twelve  companies  of  foot, 
and  three  companies  of  horse ;  from  thence  they  marched  into  King  Street,  exercised 
their  Horse  and  Foot,  firing  several  vollies.     We  went  in  the  Towne  House  facing  the 

1  "The  Voyages  and  Travels  of  Francis  Goelel,  of  the  City  of  New  York,  Merch't." 


I7SO]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  55 

street  and  in  the  Council  Chamber  where  was  the  President,  Governor  and  Council,  from 
thence  to  Capt  Wendell's  [1733]  entertainment,  where  dynd,"  etc. 

This  part  of  his  journal  is  concluded  with  a  short  description  of  Boston,  "  the 
metropolis  of  North  America,"  in  which  Mr.  Goelet  describes  Faneuil  Hall  and  the  Old 
State  House  as  follows :  — 

"They  have  but  One  Markett  [Faneuil  Hall]  which  is  all  Built  of  Brick  about 
Eighty  Foot  Long  and  Arch'd  on  Both  Sides  being  Two  Stories  heigh  the  upper  part 
Sashd  which  Comprehends  Several  [of]  The  Publick  Offices  [of]  the  Towne,  at  the 
Southermost  End  is  the  Naval  Office,  the  Middle  the  Surveyars  the  Marketts  offices. 
They  have  Also  a  Town  House  [Old  State  House]  Built  of  Brick,  Situated  in  Kings 
Street,  Its  a  very  Grand  Brick  Building  Arch'd  all  Round  and  Two  Storie  Heigh,  Sash'd 
above,  its  Lower  Part  is  always  Open  Designd  as  a  Change,  tho  the  Merchants  in  Fair 
Weather  make  their  Change  in  the  Open  Street  at  the  Eastermost  End,  in  the  upper 
Story  are  the  Councill  and  Assembly  Chambers,  &c,  it  has  a  Neat  Cupulo,  Sashd  all  round 
and  which  on  rejoicing  days  is  Elluminated." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1750  were:  John  Leverett, 
Thomas  Newman,  and  Isaac  Royall. 

John  Leverett  (1750),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Knight  Leverett  (1729)  and 
grandson  of  Thomas  Leverett  (1703),  was  born  Jan.  28,  1726-7.  His  grandfather  was  a 
brother  of  Hon.  John  Leverett  (1704),  president  of  Harvard  College.  Thomas  (1703) 
and  John  (1704)  were  sons  of  Hudson  Leverett  (1658)  and  grandsons  of  Gov.  John 
Leverett  (1639).  The  last-named  was  an  only  son  of  Thomas  Leverett,  the  emigrant, 
and  ruling  elder  of  the  First  Church,  Boston. 

John  Leverett  (1750)  was  chosen  clerk  of  the  market  of  Boston  in  1752,  1753,  and 
1757;  scavenger  from' 1 761  to  1763  inclusive;  warden  in  1766;  purchaser  of  grain  in 
1764  and  from  1771  to  1776  inclusive,  and  overseer  of  the  poor  from  1767  to  1776 
inclusive.  Nov.  8,  1776,  it  was  unanimously  voted  by  the  town,  "  that  the  thanks  of  the 
town  be  and  hereby  are  given  to  John  Leverett,  Esq.  [1750],  for  his  faithful  services  as 
overseer  of  the  poor,  a  number  of  years  past."  In  the  town  records  he  is  called  "Cap- 
tain" in  1761,  "Esquire"  in  1762,  and  "Colonel"  in  1768.  The  last  public  service  he 
rendered  was  during  the  days  of  suffering  in  the  town,  in  1776,  when  he  was  chosen, 
Nov.  8,  one  of  a  committee  of  seven,  "  to  purchase  necessary  articles  and  dispose  of  the 
same  for  the  relief  of  the  poor  inhabitants." 

John  Leverett  (1750)  became  a  member  of  the  First  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in 
Boston,  Oct.  n,  1749,  and  in  1758  was  master  of  that  lodge.  He  received  the  master's 
degree  in  the  Masters'  Lodge,  Boston,  in  1750.  He  appeared  in  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge 
as  junior  warden  of  the  First  Lodge,  July  13,  1750;  as  senior  warden  in  1 75 1,  and  the 
same  year  as  junior  warden  of  the  Masters'  Lodge.  In  1752  he  was  grand  secretary  of 
St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  and  held  that  office  for  nine  years. 

He  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment  in  1772,  afterwards  colonel,  and 
resigned  in  1773.  He  served  as  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1752,  clerk 
from  1752  to  1754  inclusive,  and  first  sergeant  in  1753. 

Col.  John  Leverett  (1750)  married  Mary  Greenleaf.  He  died,  June  10,  1777,  at 
Middletown,  Conn.,  "where  there  is  a  stone  inscribed  to  his  memory." 

John  Leverett  (1750).  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1850; 
Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


56  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [I75o 

Thomas  Newman  (175°).  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Hannah  Newman,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Sept.  30,  1724.  He  held  town  office  in  1745  and  1746  ;  also  was  a  clerk 
of  the  market  in  1747,  1749,  and  1750.  His  name  does  not  appear  afterward  on  the 
town  records. 

There  was  a  Thomas  Newman  in  Boston  who  in  1732  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
Peter  Thomas,  of  Boston.  Whether  Thomas,  senior,  was  twice  married,  is  uncertain. 
Thomas  and  Hannah  Newman,  so  far  as  appears  by  the  Boston  Records,  had  but  one 
child,  as  above.  Thomas  Newman,  the  husband  of  Mary  Thomas,  was  lost  at  sea  about 
1754.  They  were  the  parents  of  Thomas  C.  Newman,  who  went  to  England  in  1747  to 
finish  his  education ;  of  John,  who  became  the  organist  of  Christ  Church,  Boston,  and  of 
Robert,  who  became  the  sexton  of  the  same  church,  and  to  whom  is  attributed  the 
exploit  of  giving  the  signal  of  the  lanterns  from  the  church  steeple  to  Paul  Revere, 
April  18,  1775. 

Thomas  Newman  (1750)— without  doubt  the  same  person  who  joined  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1750  — appears  prominent  in  Masonic  affairs  from  1750  to  1752.  He  was 
junior  warden  of  the  Third  Lodge  in  Boston  in  1751,  and  senior  warden  in  1752.  He 
held  the  office  of  grand  steward  in  December,  1750;  was  one  of  the  petitioners  in  1751 
for  the  extension  of  Grand  Master  Oxnard's  authority  over  all  North  America,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Master's  Lodge.     His  name  does  not  occur  in  the  records  after  1752. 

Isaac  Royall  (175°).  merchant,  of  Medford,  son  of  Isaac  and  Elizabeth  (Eliot) 
Royall,  was  born  in  Antiqua  in  17 19.  His  father  returned  to  Medford  in  1737,  having 
purchased  of  the  widow  of  Lieut.-Gov.  John  Usher  (1673)  a  tract  of  more  than  five 
hundred  acres  of  land  in  that  town,  and  he  died  June  7,  1739.  The  son  inherited  the 
father's  title,  and  also  fixed  his  residence  in  the  house  now  standing  in  Medford,  and 
which  is  yet  called  the  "  Royall  House."  It  was  originally  the  mansion  of  John  Usher 
(1673),  but  was  enlarged  and  altered  into  its  present  form  by  Gen.  Royall  (1750),  who 
married,  March  27,  1738,  Elizabeth  Mcintosh,  and  had  four  children,  the  first  of  whom 
was  born  in  1741.  The  third  child,  Elizabeth,  married  William  Pepperell  Sparhawk, 
whose  mother  was  the  only  daughter  of  Sir  William  Pepperell,  and  who  took  his  grand- 
father's name  on  succeeding  to  his  title  and  estate.  The  residence  of  Gen.  Royall 
(1750)  was  at  first  within  the  limits  of  Charlestown,  and  he  was  chosen  representative 
of  that  town  in  the  General  Court  from  1743  to  1752.  In  the  latter  year,  he  became  a 
member  of  the  Council,  and  held  that  office  for  twenty-two  years. 

"  Hon.  Isaac  Royall  [1750],  of  Medford,  was  remarked  by  every  one  for  his  timidity. 
He  halted  between  two  opinions  respecting  the  Revolution  until  the  cannonading  at 
Lexington  drove  him  to  Newburyport,  and  thence  to  Halifax,  and,  after  living  some  time 
in  retirement,  he  embarked  for  Europe.  He  was  a  proscribed  refugee,  and  his  estate, 
since  that  of  Jacob  Tidd,  Esq.,  was  confiscated.  He  died  of  small-pox,  in  England, 
October,  1781.  His  bounty  laid  the  first  professorship  of  law  at  Cambridge,  and  a 
legacy  of  plate  to  the  first  church  in  Medford  shows  that  his  regard  for  his  country  was 
not  weakened  by  distance  nor  seared  by  proscription.  He  bequeathed  more  than  two 
thousand  acres  of  land  in  Granby  and  Royalston,  in  Worcester  County,  for  the  establish- 

Thomas    Newman   (1750).     Authorities:  Isaac  Royall  (1750).     Authorities:    Cur- 

Boston  Records;   Porter's  Rambles  in  Old  Boston,       wen's  Journal  and  Letters;    Histories  of  Medford 
New  England;  Records  of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge.       by  Mr.  Brooks  and  Mr.  Usher;  Sabine's  American 

Loyalists. 


i75o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  57 

ment  of  the  aforesaid  professorship.  He  was  for  twenty-two  years  a  member  of  the 
Council.  His  virtues  and  popularity  at  first  saved  his  estate,  and  his  name  was  not 
included  with  those  of  his  sons-in-law  —  Sir  William  Pepperell  and  George  Erving — in 
the  Conspirators  Act;  but,  on  the  representation  of  the  selectmen  of  Medford  'that 
he  went  voluntarily  to  our  enemies,'  his  property  was  forfeited  and  taken  under  the  Con- 
fiscation Act.  In  1805-6,  the  Legislature  released  the  estates  to  the  heirs  for  sixteen 
thousand  pounds  sterling.  He  made  bequests  to  Medford  and  Worcester,  and  legacies 
to  the  clergymen.  While  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  he  presented  the 
chandelier  which  adorns  its  hall." 

In  1743,  he  gave  Charlestown  one  hundred  pounds,  which  was  used  to  build  a 
parsonage.  While  representative,  he  returned  to  the  town  treasury  his  salary,  and  in 
1745  gave  eighty  pounds  to  the  school  on  Charlestown  Neck.  He  gave  to  Medford  one 
hundred  acres  of  land  in  Granby,  "for  the  use  and  better  support"  of  the  common 
schools  of  that  town. 

The  Royall  Professorship  of  Law  was  established  at  Harvard  College  in  1815,  the 
Royall  Fund  having  been  accumulating  for  that  purpose  for  thirty-five  years.  Jan.  24, 
1764,  when  Harvard  Hall  and  the  college  library  were  destroyed  by  fire,  he  contributed 
liberally  for  the  restoration  of  both.  The  history  of  Medford  contains  a  full  and  admi- 
rable sketch  of  Gen.  Royall  (1750)  :  — 

"Generosity  was  native  with  him,  and  shone  the  salient  feature  of  his  character. 
He  loved  to  give,  and  loved  to  speak  of  it,  and  loved  the  reputation  of  it.  Hospitality, 
too,  was  almost  a  passion  with  him.  No  house  in  the  colony  was  more  open  to  friends; 
no  gentleman  gave  better  dinners,  or  drank  costlier  wines.  As  a  master,  he  was  kind  to 
his  slaves,  charitable  to  the  poor,  and  friendly  to  everybody.  He  kept  a  daily  journal, 
minutely  descriptive  of  every  visitor,  topic,  and  incident,  and  even  descending  to  record- 
ing what  slippers  he  wore,  how  much  tar-water  he  drank,  and  when  he  went  to  bed.  He 
was  a  strict  observer  of  religious  forms,  and  a  generous  supporter  of  Christian  institutions. 
He  was  a  Tory  against  his  will.  It  was  the  frailty  of  his  blood  more  than  the  fault  of  his 
judgment :  not  that  he  loved  the  colonies  less,  but  that  he  feared  England  more.  He 
wanted  that  unbending  hickory  toughness  which  the  times  required." 

He  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  in  1761,  "being  the  first  of  that  title  among 
Americans."  He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  His  wife,  Elizabeth, 
died  at  Medford,  July  14,  1770,  and  was  buried  in  Dorchester,  Mass. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1750  is  as  follows:  — 

"April  2d,  1750.  The  Company,  being  under  Arrhs,  made  choice  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Andrew  Eliot  of  Boston  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  and  it  was  then 
voted,  that  the  present  Commission  officers  of  this  Company,  together  with  the  Field 
officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and 
request  the  same.  It  was  there  voted,  that  all  fines  for  the  future  arising  in  the  Com- 
pany be  in  lawful  money.  Also  voted,  that  the  Clerk  of  this  Company  be  paid  the  sum 
of  four  pounds  lawful  money  for  transcribing  this  Book,1  and  for  his  preferring  a  Petition 
to  the  Great  and  General  Court  of  this  Province  for  the  removing  or  abating  certain  taxes 
heretofore  imposed  on  this  Company,  and  that  they  should  be  exempted  from  all  taxes 
for  the  future  ;  the  prayer  of  which  Petition  was  granted. 

"N.B.   At  Lt.  Joseph  Jackson's  [1738].  Attest     Samuel  Swiff,  Clerk. 

1  "This  book"  can  mean  none  but  the  original  book  of  1680. 


58  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7S, 

"  May  7th,  1750.  It  was  Voted  that  the  sum  of  nine  pounds,  six  shillings  and  eight 
pence,  lawful  money,  be  allowed  to  the  Captain  and  other  officers  towards  defraying  the 
charges  of  the  dinner  &c,  upon  the  ensuing  Artillery  Election  day.  Capt  Ebenezer 
Storer  [1732],  being  one  of  the  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Andrew  Eliot,  to 
desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon  reported  to  the  Company  that 
he  had  accepted  the  same. 

"June.     For  which  he  had  the  usual  thanks. 

"Attest    Samuel  Swift,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Andrew  Eliot,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1750.  He 
was  a  son  of  Andrew  and  Ruth  (Symonds)  Eliot,  of  Boston,  and  was  born  Dec.  25,  1719. 
He  attended  the  Boston  Latin  School,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1737.  He 
studied  for  the  ministry,  and,  in  August,  1741,  began  preaching  at  the  New  North 
Church  as  a  candidate  for  settlement  with  Rev.  Mr.  Webb.  The  church,  in  January, 
1742,  gave  him  a  call  to  settle  as  colleague,  which  he  accepted,  and  was  ordained  the 
14th  of  April  following.  He  held  this  position  until  the  decease  of  Mr.  Webb,  April, 
1750,  when  Mr.  Eliot  had  the  sole  pastoral  charge.  In  1765,  he  was  chosen  a  member 
of  the  Corporation  of  Harvard  College;  in  1769,  he  was  solicited  to  be  a  candidate  for 
the  presidency  of  that  institution,  but  he  declined.  In  1773,  he  was  chosen  to  that 
office,  but  also  declined.  Though  a  devoted  friend  of  the  colonial  cause,  he  remained  in 
Boston  during  the  siege,  and  cared  for  that  portion  of  his  congregation  which  remained 
in  the  city.     He  died  Sept.  13,  1778,  aged  fifty-nine  years. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1751  were:   Jonathan 

I  7  C  I  .  Williams  (Jr.)  (1729),  captain  ;  John  Salter  (1727),  lieutenant ;  John  Welch 

(I736)>  ensign.     Thomas  March  (1747)  was  first  sergeant;  John  Edwards 

(1747),  second  sergeant;   Josiah  Waters  (1747),'  third  sergeant;    Edward   Cowell,  Jr. 

(1748),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Swift  (1746),  clerk. 

By  an  act  of  the  province,  a  lottery  was  authorized  "  for  supplying  the  Treasury  with 
26,700  milled  dollars."  The  Hon.  Samuel  Watts  (1733)  was  the  chief  manager  of  it. 
He  had  his  office  in  Faneuil  Hall,  where  the  lottery  was  drawn. 

Fourtee7ith  Foot.  —  The  uniform  of  this  regiment  at  this  period  was  black,  three- 
cornered  cocked  hats,  bound  With  white  lace ;  scarlet  coats,  faced  with  yellow,  yellow 
cuffs,  and  white  lace  ;  scarlet  waistcoats  and  breeches  ;  white  gaiters  and  white  cravats ; 
buff  belts  and  buff  pouches.  The  drummers  wore  buff-coats,  faced  with  scarlet.  The 
grenadiers  wore  cloth  caps  with  a  king's  cipher  and  crown  in  front,  the  "  white  horse  " 
with  the  motto,  "Nee  aspera  terrent"  on  the  flap,  and  the  number  of  the  regiment 
behind. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1 75 1  were:  Nathaniel  Baker, 
John  Bridge,  John  Coburn,  Daniel  Gookin,  Thomas  Hubbard. 

Rev.  Andrew  Eliot.    Authorities:  Sprague's  "  Last  Thursday  evening  [Oct.  17,  175 1]  Major 

Annals;  Hist.  Notices  of  the  New  North  Church;  John  Wendell  [1735]  was  married  to  Mrs.  Mary 
Eliot's  and  Allen's  Biog.  Diets.;  Thacher's  Funeral  Skinner,  a  widow  gentlewoman  of  great  merit  with 
Sermon;   Mem.  Hist,  of  Boston.  a  very  large  fortune."  —  Boston  Evening  Post,  Oct. 

21,  I751- 


i7Si]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  59 

Nathaniel  Baker  ( 175 1 ),  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Mary  Baker,  was  born  Feb.  7, 

1722,  and  was  published,  June  12,  1745,  to  marry  Susanna  Dorr. 

He  was  chosen  scavenger  from  Ward  1,  March  14,  1768,  which  seems  to  be  the 
only  town  office  he  ever  held,  and  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1756. 

John  Bridge  (1751),  blacksmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  Ebenezer  (1717)  and  Mary 
(Roberts)  Bridge,  and  nephew  of  Benjamin  Bridge  (17 11),  was  born  in  Boston,  July  21, 

1723.  He  was  a  brother  of  Rev.  Ebenezer  Bridge,  who  delivered  the  anniversary  sermon 
before  the  Company  in  1752. 

John  Bridge  (1751)  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1752.  He 
was  ensign  of  the  Ninth  Company  of  the  First  Massachusetts  Regiment  in  the  Cape 
Breton  expedition  under  Sir  William  Pepperell.  He  served  as  constable  of  Boston  in 
1752  ;  was  re-elected  March  12,  1753,  but  excused,  and  was  elected  again  March  23, 
1753,  and  sworn. 

John  Coburn  (1751),  goldsmith,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1725.  He  was  elected  a 
constable  of  Boston,  March  12,  1753,  but  refused  to  serve,  and  paid  the  fine.  March  9, 
1772,  he  was  chosen  a  warden,  and,  Aug.  26,  1776,  he  was  one  of  the  thirty-six  persons 
selected  to  take  a  census  of  the  town. 

John  Coburn  ( 175 1 )  advertised  in  the  Boston  Gazette  of  August,  1776,  "that  he 
had  removed  into  Boston  again  and  carries  on  the  goldsmith's  business  at  his  shop  on 
King  Street  opposite  to  the  American  Coffee  House."  Mr.  Coburn  (1751)  was  third 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1752.  He  died  Jan.  21,  1803,  aged  seventy-eight 
years,  and  was  buried  from  his  home,  No.  29  Federal  Street. 

Daniel  Gookin  (1751)  was  a  bookseller  in  Boston.  His  place  of  business  was  "over 
against  the  Old  South."  He  was  a  descendant  of  Gen.  Daniel  Gookin  (1645),  one  of 
the  first  appointed  licensers  of  the  press,  viz.,  in  the  year  1662.  Mr.  Gookin  (1751) 
was  not  largely  engaged  in  trade.  His  shop  was  "the  next  door  north  of  the  house  built 
for  the  residence  of  the  royal  governors,  and  now  belonging  to  the  state."  '  He  died 
Jan.  3,  1752,  after  an  illness  of  only  two  days. 

Thomas  Hubbard  (1751),  of  Boston,  was  probably  the  same  Thomas  Hubbard  who 
joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1732.2 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1751  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  1st,  1751.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev. 
Samuel  Cooper  of  Boston,  by  a  unanimous  vote,  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon,  and  it  was  then  voted,  that  the  present  Commission  Officers  of  the  Artillery 
Company,  and  the  Field  officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  together  with 
John  Phillips,  Esq.  [1725]  Treasurer  of  said  Company,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him 
and  request  the  same.  Attest     Samuel  Swift,  Clerk. 

"May  6th,  1751.  Capt  Hugh  McDaniel  [1729],  being  one  of  the  committee  to 
wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Cooper  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon,  reported  to  the  Company  that  he  had  accepted  the  same.     And  in  the  evening 

Nathaniel  Baker  (1751).     Authority:  Bos-  '  Thomas's  Hist,  of  Printing, 

ton  Records.  2  See  obituary  of  Hon.  Thomas  Hubbard  (1751) 

John  Bridge  (1751).     Authorities:  Boston  in  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1893,  p.  480, 

Records;   New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1870.  taken  from  the  Massachusetts  Gazette,  July  26,  1773. 


60  HISTORY   OF  THE    ANCIENT   AND  [,752 

of  the  same  day,  it  was  voted,  that  the  sum  of  nine  pounds  six  shillings  and  eight  pence, 
lawful  money  be  allowed  the  Captain  and  other  the  Commission  Officers,  towards  defray- 
ing the  charges  of  the  dinner,  &c,  upon  the  ensuing  Artillery  Election  day,  and  the 
further  sum  of  four  pounds,  like  money,  was  then  voted  toward  defraying  the  charges  of 
the  Company's  dinner,  &c. :  the  said  evening  being  spent  at  the  house  of  Sergt  Ray- 
mond [1747]-  Attest    Samuel  Swift,  Clerk. 

"June  4th.  Voted,  that  the  committee,  who  waited  upon  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel 
Cooper  to  desire  him  to  preach  on  this  Anniversary,  return  the  thanks  of  this  Company 
to  him  for  his  Sermon  this  day  preached  :  this  being  done  under  Arms. 

"Attest    Samuel  Swift,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Samuel  Cooper,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1751.1 
He  was  the  second  son  of  Rev.  William  Cooper,  of  Boston,  who  delivered  the  Artillery 
election  sermon  in  1722.  Rev.  Samuel  Cooper  was  born  March  25,  1725.  He  attended 
the  Boston  Latin  School,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1743.  He  pursued  the 
study  of  theology,  and  was  invited,  Dec.  31,  1744,  to  settle  over  Brattle  Street  Church 
(where  his  father  had  preached)  as  colleague  with  Rev.  Dr.  Colman,  who  delivered  the 
Artillery  election  sermons  in  1702  and  1738.  Mr.  Cooper  accepted  the  invitation,  but 
was  not  ordained  until  May  21,  1746.  The  University  of  Edinburgh  presented  him  with 
a  diploma  of  doctor  of  divinity  in  1767.  "He  was  wellnigh  unrivalled  in  the  pulpit 
during  the  period  in  which  he  lived." 

In  1774,  he  was  elected  president  of  Harvard  College,  but  declined.  He  was  a 
devoted  patriot,  and  contributed  many  effective  articles  to  the  Boston  Gazette.  The 
celebrated  letters  of  Hutchinson,  which  caused  so  much  excitement  when  printed,  were 
first  transmitted  to  him  that  he  might  read  them  himself.  He  left  Boston  before  the 
battle  of  Lexington,  and  his  meeting-house,  from  April,  1775,  to  March,  1776,  was  used 
as  barracks  by  the  British.  He  was  active  in  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Gospel  among  the  Indians ;  was  vice-president  of  the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and 
Sciences,  and,  "  in  everything  that  promised  to  bless  his  country  or  his  race,  he  was  ready 
to  enlist  with  others  in  a  cordial  co-operation."     He  died  Dec.  23,  1783. 


The  officers  of  the   Artillery  Company  elected  in  1752  were:    Joseph 

I7C2.  Jackson  (1738),  captain;    John  Symmes  (1733),  lieutenant ;    Thomas  Sav- 

■   ^        age  (1739))  ensign.     William  Homes  (1747)  was  first  sergeant;  John  Lev- 

erett  (1750),   second   sergeant;    John   Coburn   (1751),   third  sergeant;    John  Bridge 

(1751),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Leverett  (1750),  clerk. 

Rev.  Samuel   Cooper.     Authorities:    Pal-  yourselves  to  the  Service  of  your  Country,  and  to  be 

frey's    Hist,  of  Brattle   Street  Church;     Sprague's  industrious  in  acquiring  those  military  Accomplish- 

Annals,  Vol.  I.,  p.  440;   Clarke's  Funeral  Sermon;  ments,  by  which,  without  any  View  of  raising  your 

Mem.  Hist,  of  Boston,  Vols.  II.  and  III.  private  Fortunes  in  this  Way,  you  may  be  qualified 

"'  Extract    from    the   sermon   of   Rev.    Samuel  to  act,  as  Guardians  of  the  Community  to  which  you 

Cooper,  "  preached  to  the  Ancient  and  Honourable  belong. 

Artillery  Company  in  Boston,  New-England,  June  "Such    an    Institution    is    truly  noble,    and    a 

3,  1751": —  standing   Proof  of  the   Heroic  Ardor,  and  public 

"  I  must  .  .  .  draw  to  a  Close,  Yet  not  without  Spirit,  which  warmed  the  Breasts  of  our  Ancestors, 
addressing  myself  to  you  Gentlemen  of  the  Artillery,  the  first  Settlers  of  this  Country.  You  will  there- 
at whose  Invitation  we  are  now  assembled  in  the  fore  think  yourselves  obliged  to  observe  ihe  original 
House  of  Worship.  Design  of  your  Institution;   and  cultivate  that  gen- 

"  Your  ancient  Company  justly  bears  the  Title  erous  Fortitude  you  profess." 
of  Honorable,  inasmuch  as  you  profess  to   devote 


w 


^ 


<7?V> 


,752]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  6 1 

The  anticipated  outbreaks  of  the  Indians  were  quieted  by  pacific  measures.  Com- 
missioners to  treat  with  the  Indians  were  appointed  in  1752  and  1753.  The  first  board 
was  composed  of  Jacob  Wendell  (1733),  Samuel  Watts  (1733),  Thomas  Hubbard  (1732), 
and  Chambers  Russell.  The  commissioners  in  1753  were,  Sir  William  Pepperell,  Jacob 
Wendell  (1733),  Thomas  Hubbard  (1732),  John  Winslow  (1764),  and  James  Bowdoin. 
These  commissioners  met  the  chiefs  of  the  Eastern  Indians  at  Fort  St.  George,  Me. 

In  1752  there  was  but  one  addition  to  the  ranks  of  the  Artillery  Company.  The 
Company  felt  the  depressed  condition  of  affairs  as  they  are  represented  by  the  town  to 
the  governor,  May  22,  1752.  They  said,  "There  is  at  present  a  prevailing,  contagious 
and  mortal  sickness"  ;  "expense  of  sickness,  one  hundred  thousand  pounds  old  tenor"  ; 
"  one  thousand  people  moved  out  of  town  "  ;  "  ship-building  at  a  stand-still  "  ;  "  six  still- 
houses  wholly  unoccupied,  and  not  any  steadily  employed  "  ;  "  European  trade  gone  to 
Marblehead  and  elsewhere,"  and  other  circumstances,  had  a  harmful  effect  upon  the 
foreign  and  domestic  business  of  Boston.     The  Atrillery  Company  shared  the  depression. 

The  calendar  was  changed  this  year  from  the  Julian  to  the  Gregorian  system  of 
computation  by  act  of  parliament,  which  ordained  that,  after  the  last  day  of  December, 
1751,  the  year  should  cease  to  be  counted  as  beginning  on  the  21st  of  March,  but  the 
first  day  of  January  should  be  taken  to  be  the  first  day  of  the  year  of  our  Lord  1752,  and 
so  on,  "  and  that  all  acts,  deeds,  writings,  notes,  and  other  instruments  of  what  nature  or 
kind  soever,  which  should  be  made,  executed,  or  signed  upon  or  after  the  said  1st  of 
January,  1752,  should  bear  date  according  to  the  new  method  of  computation."  This 
change  did  away  with  the  double  style  of  designation  employed  in  the  dates  of  events 
happening  in  January,  February,  and  March  of  preceding  years.  The  rectification  was 
made  in  the  calendar  by  taking  eleven  days  from  it,  calling  the  3d  of  September  the 
14th,  so  that  month,  in  1752,  had  only  nineteen  days  in  it.  The  king's  birthday  was, 
therefore,  placed  forward  from  Oct.  30  to  Nov.  9.  The  dates  in  this  work,  previous  to 
the  year  1752,  have  been  intended  to  be  in  accordance  with  the  old  style. 

The  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1752  was  Samuel  Torrey,  Jr. 

Samuel  Torrey,  Jr.  (1752),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Abigail  Torrey, 
of  Boston,  was  born  May  24,  1731.  He  married,  (1)  July  12,  1753,  Abigail  Cowell ; 
and,  (2)  Oct.  3,  1765,  Mehitable  Kneeland.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1753,  clerk  from  1755  to  1757  inclusive,  and  ensign  in  1765  He  united 
with  the  Old  South  Church,  Feb.  23,  1755.  He  was  of  the  fourth  generation  from  Capt. 
William  Torrey  (1641),  of  Weymouth.  He  died  Nov.  18,  1768,  and  administration  on 
his  estate  was  granted  on  the  seventh  day  of  December  next  following.  His  widow  (born 
March  23,  1737)  married  Capt.  John  Simpkins  (1769),  of  Boston. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1752  is  as  follows :  — 
"May  6th  1752.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  made  choice  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Ebenezer  Bridge,  of  Chelmsford  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon ;  and  it 
was  then  voted,  that  the  commission  officers  of  this  Company,  together  with  John 
Phillips  Esq.  [1725],  the  Treasurer  of  said  Company,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him 
and  request  the  same. 

"May —  1752.  Capt  Jonathan  Williams,  Jr  [1729],  being  one  of  the  committee 
to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ebenezer  Bridge  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Elec- 

Samuel  Torrey,  Jr.  (1752).     Authority:  Boston  Records. 


62  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1752 

tion  Sermon,  reported  to  the  Company  that  he  accepted.  Also  voted,  that  the  sum  of 
thirteen  pounds,  six  shillings  and  eight  pence,  lawful  money,  be  allowed  out  of  the  Com- 
pany's interest  money,  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  dinner  &c  of  said  Company 
on  the  ensuing  Artillery  Election.  Attest.     Samuel  Swift,  Clerk. 

"June  ist  1752.  Voted,  that  Capt  Jonathan  Williams,  Jr  [1729]  Lt  John  Salter 
[1727],  En.  John  Welch  [1736]  and  the  Treasurer,  John  Phillips  Esq.  [1725],  be  a 
committee  to  settle  the  Clerks  accounts.  Attest,     Samuel  Swift,  Clerk. 

"June  ist,  1752.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  that  the  old  com- 
mission officers,  and  the  new  commission  officers  this  day  chosen,  together  with  the  Field 
Officers  of  the  Regiment  of  the  town  of  Boston,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Ebenezer  Bridge,  and  return  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  preached  this 
day.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  that  the  above  committee  return 
the  thanks  of  this  Company  to  Mr.  Samuel  Swift  [1746]  the  former  Clerk  for  his  past 
services.  Attest,     John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"October  2'd  1752.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Lt  John  Symmes  [1733]  ;  Voted, 
that  the  present  commission  officers  of  the  Company,  viz  :  Capt.  Joseph  Jackson  [173S]  ; 
Lt  John  Symmes  [1733],  &  En.  Thomas  Savage  [1739],  together  with  Mr  Samuel  Swift 
[1746],  the  former  Clerk,  and  John  Leverett  [1750],  the  present  Clerk,  be  a  committee 
to  do  what  they  shall  think  proper  with  regard  to  the  fines  due  to  the  Company,  and,  if 
need  be,  to  sue  for  and  recover  the  same  and  to  regulate  the  list. 

"Attest,     John  Leverett,  Clerk" 

Rev.  Ebenezer  Bridge,  of  Chelmsford,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in 
1752.  He  was  a  son  of  Ebenezer  ( 1 7 1 7)  and  Mary  (Roberts)  Bridge,  a  nephew  of 
Benjamin  (1711),  a  brother  of  John  (1751),  and  was  born  in  Boston  in  1714.  He 
attended  the  Boston  public  schools,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1736,  and  the 
following  year  taught  school  in  Plymouth,  Mass.  Subsequently,  he  pursued  theological 
studies  under  the  direction  of  Rev.  Mr.  Welstead,  of  Boston,  and  was  called,  Dec.  30, 
1740,  to  minister  to  the  church  at  Chelmsford,  Mass.  The  invitation  was  accepted,  and 
he  was  ordained  over  that  parish  May  20,  1741.  In  October  next  following,  he  married 
(1)  Miss  Sarah  Stoddard,  and,  after  her  decease,  he  married,  (2)  in  1791,  Mrs.  Joanna 
Abbot,  widow  of  Rev.  Nehemiah  Abbot.  Rev.  Mr.  Bridge  delivered  the  general  election 
sermon,  May  27,  1767.  His  son,  Ebenezer  Bridge,  born  April  29,  1744  (H.  C,  1764), 
was  colonel  of  the  Twenty-Seventh  Regiment  of  Minute-Men,  which  he  commanded  at 
the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill. 

"The  altar,  and  he  that  ministered  at  it,  grew  old  together,  and  were  ready  to  be 
dissolved.  The  second  meeting-house  had  stood  eighty  years,  when  it  was  taken  down. 
So  the  clayey  tabernacle  of  him  who  officiated  in  it  more  than  fifty-one  years  was  dis- 
solved, Oct.  1,  1792." 

Rev.  Ebenezer  Bridge.  Authorities:  Allen's  Hist,  of  Chelmsford;  Sprague's  Annals  of  American 
Pulpit. 


:753]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  63 

The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1753  were:  Thomas 

[  V  C9     Edwards  (1724),  captain  ;  Samuel  Pratt  ( 1734),  lieutenant ;  Thomas  Drowne 

I  U  U     (1737),  ensign.     John  Leverett  (1750)  was  first  sergeant;   Edward  Co  we  11, 

Jr.  (1748),  second  sergeant;    John  Austin  (1746),  third  sergeant;   Samuel  Torrey,  Jr. 

(1752),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Leverett  (1750),  clerk. 

Feb.  7,  1753,  a  destructive  fire  occurred  near  Marlborough  (now  Washington)  Street. 
It  consumed  several  dwellings  and  a  blacksmith  shop,  the  latter  the  property  of  Capt. 
Samuel  Sellon  (1765). 

May  15,  1753,  a  committee  appointed  March  23  to  petition  the  General  Court  for 
relief  from  various  burdens  said,  in  summing  up  their  report:  "The  Removal  of  ship- 
building, sinking  of  the  distillery  &  Sugar  Works  here,  the  killing  the  Meat  and  Manu- 
facturing the  Hides  and  Skins  out  of  Town,  have  thinned  Our  Numbers  above  a  Thousand 
Rateable  Men,  carried  from  us  many  of  Our  most  Industrious,  frugal,  and  provident 
Inhabitants,  who  have  left  us  a  number  of  thoughtless,  Idle  and  Sottish  Persons,  who 
have  come  to  be  the  charge  and  burthen  of  the  Town,  Insomuch,  that  the  Poor's  Tax 
has  risen,  in  a  few  Years,  from  about  a  Thousand  or  Fifteen  hundred  Pounds  Old  Tenor 
to  above  Ten  Thousand  Pounds  a  year."  This  condition  of  things  necessarily  affected 
the  prosperity  of  the  Artillery  Company. 

There  were  no  admissions  to  the  Artillery  Company  in  1753. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1753  is  as  follows :  — 

"April  2d  1753.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  Voted  unanimously,  That  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Cooke  of  Anotomy  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon,  and  that  the  present  commission  officers  of  the  Company,  Capt  Joseph  Jackson 
[1738],  Lt  John  Symmes  [1733],  &  Ens.  Thomas  Savage  [1739]  an^  Jonn  Phillips,  Esq. 
[1725],  Treasurer  of  the  Company,  together  with  the  field  officers  of  the  Regiment  of 
the  Town  of  Boston,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"Attest,     John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"May  7th  1753.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  Lt  John  Symmes  [1733],  being 
one  of  the  committee  to  wait  upon  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Cooke,  to  desire  him  to  preach 
the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  to  the  Company,  that  he  had  accepted  the 
same.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Sergt  Bridges  [175 1],  it  was  Voted,  That  thirteen 
pounds,  six  shillings  and  eight  pence,  lawful  money,  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  of  the 
Company  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  dinner  upon 
the  ensuing  Election  day,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them. 

"Attest     John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"  June  4th.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  old  Commis- 
sion Officers,  and  the  new  Commission  Officers  this  day  chosen,  with  the  Field  Officers 
of  the  Regiment  of  the  Town  of  Boston,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel 
Cooke  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  preached  this  day. 

"Attest,     John  Leverett,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Samuel  Cooke,  of  Cambridge,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1753. 
He  was  a  grandson  of  Aaron  Cooke,  of  Hadley,  and  was  born  iu  that  town  in  1708.  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1735,  ar*d  was  ordained  at  Menotomy,  Sept.  12,  1739, 

Rev.  Samuel  Cooke.    Authority:  Paige's  Hist,  of  Cambridge. 


64  HISTORY    OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [-,« 

where  he  died,  June  4,  1783.  He  married  (1)  Sarah  Porter,  of  Hadley  (published  Aug. 
29,  1740),  who  died  Aug.  22,  1741  ;  he  married  (2)  Anna  Cotton  (published  Sept.  5, 
1742),  daughter  of  Rev.  John  Cotton,  of  Newton,  who  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery 
election  sermon  in  1738,  but  declined;  he  married  (3)  Lucy  (Hancock)  Bowes  (pub- 
lished Oct.  14,  1762),  daughter  of  Rev.  John  Hancock,  of  Lexington,  who  delivered  the 
Artillery  election  sermon  in  1730.  Mr.  Cooke  was  an  ardent  patriot  in  the  Revolution, 
and  chaplain  of  the  General  Court  at  Watertown  in  the  summer  of  1776.  In  1775  his 
house  at  Menotomy  was  used  as  a  hospital  for  colonial  soldiers.  His  pastoral  service 
was  earnest  and  conscientious,  and,  after  a  pastorate  of  forty-five  years,  greatly  to  the 
sorrow  of  his  people,  his  work  was  terminated  by  his  decease. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1754  were  :  Ralph  Hartt 
I7^Zl.   (r739)>  captain;  John  Welch  (1736),  lieutenant;  Joseph  Edwards  (1738), 

J  I  ensign.  Jeremiah  Belknap,  Jr.  (1745),  was  first  sergeant;  Thomas  Lawlor 
(1746),  second  sergeant;  Josiah  Waters  (1747), third  sergeant;  William  Homes  (1747), 
fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Leverett  (1750),  clerk. 

The  following  petition  was  presented  to  the  Legislature  in  March,  1 754  : 

"  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bav. 

"To  His  Excellency  William  Shirley,  Esqr.  Captain  General  &  Commander-in-chief ; 
The  Honourable,  the  Council,  &  Hon'ble  House  of  Representatives  of  the  Province 
aforesaid,  in  General  Court  assembled,  at  Boston,  the  27th  day  of  March,  1754. 

"Thomas  Edwards  [1724],  Captain  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  said  Province  for 
himself  and  in  behalf  of  said  Company,  —  Humbly  Shews  —  That  the  said  Artillery  Com- 
pany was  incorporated  by  Charter  from  this  Government  more  than  one  hundred  years 
past,  and  have  been  a  considerable  advantage  to  the  Province,  in  training  up  gentlemen 
in  military  exercises,  and  thereby  qualifying  them  for  publick  service.  That  your 
memorialist  has  been  informed,  that  Col.  Pollard  [1726],  in  behalf  of  the  Company  of 
Cadets  in  Boston,  have  preferred  a  petition  to  this  Hon'ble  Court,  praying  to  be  incor- 
porated into  a  body  politick,  with  certain  priviledges  and  exemptions  from  duty,  as 
set  forth  in  their  petition,  and  have  preferred  a  Bill  for  that  purpose.  And  as  your 
memorialist  humbly  conceives  the  said  Bill,  should  it  pass  into  an  Act,  would  have  a 
tendency  wholly  to  break  up  the  said  Artillery  Company,  and  thereby  frustrate  the  good 
intent  of  the  Legislature  in  first  incorporating  them  and  prevent  the  great  and  many 
advantages  that  have  and  will  accrue  to  the  Province  in  General  by  their  subsisting. 

"  Your  memorialist  therefore  humbly  prays,  that  the  said  Bill  preferred  by  the  Com- 
pany of  Cadets  may  not  be  passed  into  an  Act,  till  such  time  as  your  petitioners,  said 
Company,  by  their  committee,  may  be  heard  upon  said  Bill,  or  that  the  said  Artillery 
Company  may  have  the  same  priviledges  and  exemptions  granted  them,  as  the  said 
Company  of  Cadets.1     And  as  in  duty  bound,  &c.  Thomas  Edwards,  Capt." 

1  The  Records  of  the  Town  of  Boston,  under  General  Court,  to  prevent  a   Bill   now  depending 

date  of  May  15,  1754,  contain  the  following  vote  :  —  there,  for  granting  certain  Liberties  and  Immunities 

"  Voted,  that  the  Gentlemen  the  Representa-  to  the  Company  of  Cadets,  under  the  Command  of 

lives  of  the  Town  be  and  hereby  they  are  desired  to  Colo  Pollard  [1726]  being  pass'd  into  a  Law." 
Use  their  utmost  Endeavours  and  Influence  in  the 


1754]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  65 

In  December,  1745,  a  number  of  gentlemen  of  Boston  waited  upon  Gov.  Shirley, 
"upon  his  safe  arrival  from  Louisburg,"  presented  him  an  address  of  congratulation  and 
requested  him  "  to  permit  them  to  have  his  picture  drawn  at  their  expense,  with  a  design 
to  preserve  it  in  this  Town  as  a  Memorial  of  his  Excellencys  public  services."  The 
governor  consented,  and  Aug.  7,  1754,  the  portrait  was  presented  to  the  town,  "to  be 
hung  up  in  Faneuil  Hall."  The  picture  was  unanimously  accepted  by  the  town.  It  was 
ordered  to  be  hung  up  in  Faneuil  Hall,  and  thanks  were  returned  therefor. 

In  1754,  "the  post-office  was  opened  in  Cornhill,  at  Mr.  John  Franklin's  [1739]." 

The  sixth  war  was  commenced  in  1754,  and  in  1755  an  expedition  was  undertaken 
against  Crown  Point,  a  French  fortress  on  the  west  side  of  Lake  Champlain.  It  was 
unsuccessful,  as  were  the  succeeding  campaigns  of  1756,  1757,  and  1758  in  the  same 
quarter,  owing  principally  to  the  incapacity  of  the  British  commanders.  In  1759,  the 
French  evacuated  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  Quebec  surrendered.  In  1760, 
Montreal  and  the  rest  of  Canada  were  taken.  The  war  continued  until  1763.  For  each 
of  these  six  Crown  Point  and  Canada  expeditions,  Massachusetts  voted  to  raise  from  four 
thousand  to  seven  thousand  men,  excepting  a  less  number  in  1757,  and  in  each  of  them 
the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  was  represented  by  some  of  its  members. 
Men  were  also  raised  yearly  to  defend  the  frontier  of  Massachusetts,  and  others  were 
sent  during  these  years  to  Nova  Scotia,  Louisburg,  and  other  points.  The  treasurer's 
book  for  1759  records  the  payment  of  wages  to  "eight  companies  up  the  river  St.  Law- 
rence at  the 'reduction  of  Quebec."  The  province  raised  about  three  thousand  men 
in  1 76 1,  and  nearly  as  many  in  1762.  Some  hundreds  from  Massachusetts  joined  a 
British  expedition  to  the  West  Indies  in  1762,  and  nearly  all  perished.  In  1762  there 
were  men  from  this  province  at  Crown  Point,  Halifax,  Newfoundland,  and  "beyond 
Niagara." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1754  were  :  Benjamin  Andrews, 
Thomas  Cames,  Thomas  Dawes,  Jr.,  William  Heath,  Daniel  Jones,  Joseph  Mann,  David 
Mason. 

Benjamin  Andrews  (1754),  carpenter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Hannah 
(Capen)  Andrews,  was  bom  in  Boston,  April  7,  17 15.  He  married,  Nov.  20,  1739, 
Hannah  Holland,  of  Boston.     He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1758. 

He  served  the  town  as  a  constable  in  1747;  a  viewer  of  boards  and  shingles  in 
1753  ;  a  viewer  of  fences  from  1763  to  1765  ;  a  warden  in  1764,  and  clerk  of  the  market 
in  1769.  He  made  the  general  walk  or  visitation  of  the  town,  Feb.  10,  1764,  and  Feb. 
18,  1766.  July  14,  1 76 1,  "  Mr.  Andrews  [1754],  the  carpenter,"  was  consulted  in  regard 
to  repairing  the  hospital  at  New  Boston.  March  9,  1773,  a  number  of  inhabitants 
petitioned  the  town  "  that  a  new  street  may  be  laid  out  from  the  end  of  Union  Street 
across  Friend  Street,  and  through  the  lands  of  Capt.  Andrews  [1754]  and  others,  laid 
waste  by  the  late  fire,  so  as  to  strike  upon  Sudbury  Street."  He  is  called  "  Captain  "  in 
the  town  records  in  1764.     Capt.  Andrews  (1754)  died  very  suddenly,  Dec.  9,  1778. 

Thomas  Cames  (1754),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Col.  John  (1733)  and  Sarah 
Carnes,  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  16,  1731.  He  was  published,  Oct.  14,  1755,  to  marry 
Elizabeth  Weekes.     He  was  elected  a  constable  of  the  town  of  Boston  in  1754  and  1755, 

Benjamin    Andrews   (1754).      Authority:  Thomas  Carnes  (1754).    Authority:  Bos- 

Boston  Records.  ton  Records. 


66  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i754 

but  was  excused  both  years  from  serving.  He  was  chosen  to  no  other  town  office.  Mr. 
Carnes  (1754)  served  as  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1757  ;  also  was  a 
member  of  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain.  His  petition  for  a  retailer's 
license  was  disapproved  by  the  selectmen,  Aug.  13,  1767.  He  was  in  business  in  Boston 
in  1775,  in  which  year,  Aug.  7,  he  yielded  to  the  trying  times,  and  Joseph  Jackson 
(1738)  was  appointed  one  of  the  trustees  to  settle  his  affairs.  At  this  time  Mr.  Carnes 
( 1754)  is  designated  in  court  papers  as  a  "  trader."  A  Thomas  Carnes  became  a  member 
of  St.  John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  1780. 

The  Columbian  Centinel  of  Oct.  2,  1793,  contains  the  following:  "Died  at  Gov- 
ernor's Island  (N.Y  ),  Mr.  Thomas  Carnes  of  this  town,  on  his  journey  from  Philadelphia, 
of  the  yellow  fever." 

Thomas  Dawes,  Jr.  (1754),  bricklayer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth 
(Underwood)  Dawes,  was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  5,  1731,  and  was  baptized  three  days 
after.  He  joined  the  Old  South  Church,  Nov.  26,  1749.1  Though  called  a  "bricklayer," 
which  probably  he  was  by  trade,  he  was  a  mason,  architect,  and  patriot.  He  was  the 
architect  of  the  Brattle  Street  meeting-house.  In  1772,  John  Hancock  proposed  to  con- 
tribute generously  towards  the  erection  of  a  new  meeting-house  for  Brattle  Street  Church, 
of  which  he  was  a  member.  "A  plan  for  a  meeting-house,  drawn  by  John  S.  Copley, 
the  artist,  was  rejected  because  of  the  expense  ;  but  another,  drawn  by  Major  Thomas 
Dawes  [1754],  was  adopted."  Col.  Dawes  (1754)  also  assisted  in  the  erection,  for  Gov. 
Shirley,  of  what  was  afterwards  known  as  the  celebrated  Eustis  mansion  in  Roxbury. 

Col.  Dawes  (1754)  "was  a  high  patriot,  and  the  caucuses  were  sometimes  held  in 
his  garret,  where  they  smoked  tobacco,  drank  flip,  and  discussed  the  state  of  the  coun- 
try. .  .  .  The  tories  gave  him  the  nickname  of  'Jonathan  Smoothing  Plane.'  "  He  was  a 
conspicuous  figure  in  the  early  scenes  of  the  Revolution,  and  was  beloved  by  federalists 
but  hated  by  royalists.  His  large  and  comfortable  house  on  Purchase  Street  was  sacked 
by  the  British  troops  before  they  left  Boston.  He  was  adjutant  of  the  Boston  regiment, 
and  commanded  the  Central  Militia  Company,  whose  place  of  parade  was  behind  the 
First  Church  on  Cornhill  Square.  During  his  command  of  that  company  he  introduced 
an  improvement  in  music.  Before  that  time,  no  martial  music  was  used  on  training  days 
but  the  drum.  He  employed  a  man  with  one  eye,  who  played  the  clarionet,  and  he 
caused  him  to  march  about  eight  paces  in  front.  Marigolds  were  then  used  as  cockades. 
He  was  major  of  the  Boston  regiment  in  1771,  under  Col.  Erving ;  lieutenant-colonel 
under  Col.  Leverett  (1750),  and  in  1773  was  commissioned  colonel,  which  office  he  held 
until  the  provisional  government  was  abolished.  Col.  Dawes  (1754)  was  fourth  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1756;  ensign  in  1761  ;  lieutenant  in  1765,  and  captain  in 
1766  and  1773.  Upon  the  adoption  of  the  State  constitution,  he  became  an  intimate 
friend  of  John  Hancock,  and  began  to  figure  in  public  life,  for  which  his  talents,  industry, 
wealth,  and  patriotism  well  qualified  him.  He  was  representative,  senator,  and  councillor. 
"  In  private,  he  was  active,  firm,  charitable,  and  affable.     He  was  one  of  the  deacons  of 

Thomas  Dawes,  Jr.  (1754).     Authorities:  founders  of  the  church,  and  his  great-grandfather, 

Hundred   Boston  Orators;    Boston  Records;   Hill's  Ambrose  [1674],  his  grandfather,  Thomas,  and  his 

Hist,  of  Old  South  Church,  Vol.  II.,  pp.  336-338;  father,  Thomas,  were  members  before  him.     When 

Drake's  Hist,  of  Roxbury,  which  contains  a  picture  he  joined,  in  1749,  his  grandfather  and   father  were 

and  sketch  of  the  Eustis  mansion;   William  Dawes,  living,  so  that  there  were  three  of  the  same  name, 

by  Henry  W.  Holland,  p.  60  el  seq.  representing  three  generations,  in  the  membership 

1  "Col.  Dawes,  Jr.  [1754],  was  fourth  in   the  together."  —  Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church,  Vol. 

line  of  descent  from  William   Dawes,  one  of  the  //.,  /.  233. 


i754]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  6] 

the  Old  South  Church  in  1786  [and  until  his  decease].  I  shall  never  forget  his  venerable 
appearance,  grave  deportment,  rich  dress,  and  silver  locks,  when  constantly  on  the  Sab- 
bath he  walked  up  the  broad  aisle.     Early  impressions  identified  him  with  true  piety." 

The  author  of  "William  Dawes"  (1768),  cousin  of  Col.  Thomas  (1754),  says 
concerning  the  latter:  "In  1787,  he  defended  Job  Shattuck  in  his  memorable  trial  for 
treason  in  that  year.  He  was  moderator  of  the  town  meeting,  July  25,  1793,  to  prevent 
the  fitting  out  of  privateers.  About  this  time  he  was  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts National  Bank.  In  1795  and  1796  he  was  a  member  of  the  committees  author- 
ized to  sell  the  various  town  lands,  including  the  Province  House  and  Gov.  Hancock's 
pasture,  on  which  the  State  House  was  built,  and  other  lands.  His  mansion  was  on 
Purchase  Street,  next  door  to  Samuel  Adams." 

He  was  the  owner  of  considerable  real  estate  in  Boston.  July  31,  1794,  at  a  great 
fire  in  Boston,  one  of  his  houses  on  Purchase  Street,  and  the  stores,  barns,  etc.,  on  his 
wharf,  opposite  his  residence,  were  consumed.  He  was  very  prominent  in  town  affairs, 
and  held  many  offices  during  his  active  career.  At  one  time  he  was  the  first  acting 
magistrate  in  the  Commonwealth,  and  was  an  elector  at  the  three  first  elections  of  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States.  He  is  recorded  as  present  at  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M  ,  in  Concert  Hall,  at  the  installation  of  Joseph  Webb  (1761),  grand 
master  elect,  June  24,  1783. 

Col.  Dawes  (1754)  married,  in  July,  1752,  Hannah,  daughter  of  Increase  and  Ann 
(Gray)  Blake,  by  whom  he  had  seven  children.  Their  daughter,  Ann,  married  Capt. 
Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  and  their  son,  Thomas  Dawes,  was  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Massachusetts  from  1792  to  1802,  and  of  the  municipal  court  of  Boston  from  1802  to 
1822.  Col.  Dawes  (1754)  died  Jan.  2,  1809,  disposing  of  his  property  by  will.  The 
following  is  the  epitaph  on  his  monument  in  King's  Chapel  Burial-Ground  :  — 

"  Of  his  taste  for  the  Grecian  simplicity 
In  architecture  there  are  many  monuments 
Which  he  raised  when  that  art  was  new  to  us. 
The  records  of  Massachusetts  shew 
That  he  was  one  of  her  active  legislators 
From  ye  year   1776  until  he  was  70  years  old, 
When  he  retired  with  faculties  unimpaired. 
To  the  fiscal  concerns  of  the  Metropolis, 
To  its  literary  and  other  Institutions, 
He  was  a  zealous  friend.     He  was  an  elector 
At  the  three  first  elections  of  president 
Of  the  U.  S.  and  discharged  various  trusts 
To  his  own  honor  and  the  public  weal." 

William  Heath  (1754),  "sailmaker,"  of  Boston.  He  is  not  mentioned  in  the  records 
of  the  town  of  Boston.  He  was  identified  with  the  local  militia,  and,  prior  to  the  break- 
ing out  of  the  Revolutionary  War,  rose  to  the  position  of  captain.  He  held  the  office  of 
second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1756.  In  1776,  he  embarked  at  Boston 
with  the  British  army  for  Halifax. 

William  Heath  (1754).   Authority  :  Sabine's  Company  in  1754,  was  Gen.  William  Heath.     Gen. 

American  Loyalists.  Heath  in  1754  was  but  seventeen  years  of  age,  and 

Mr.  Whitman   (1810),   in   his    history  of   the  in  his  Memoirs  he  says  that  he  joined  the  Artillery 

Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  errs  in  Company  in  1765. 
saying  that  William  Heath,  who  joined  the  Artillery 


68  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['754 


Daniel  Jones  (1754),  "  housewright,"  was  married,  Oct.  5,  1748,  to  Sarah  Kilby,  of 
Boston.  He  was  clerk  of  the  market  in  1 75 1  ;  scavenger  in  1755  and  1756,  and,  Aug. 
24,  1770,  he  was  selected  as  one  of  the  eighteen  jurors  for  the  August  court.  He  was  a 
deacon  of  the  West  Church;  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1756,  and 
a  lieutenant  in  the  Boston  regiment  from  1761  to  1766,  and  subsequently  held  the  posi- 
tion of  captain.  Daniel  Jones  (1754)  was  present  at  the  communications  of  the  St. 
John's  Grand  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  1767  and  1768. 

Joseph  Mann  (1754).  March  13,  1753,  he  was  elected  a  constable  of  Boston,  and 
paid  the  fine  for  not  serving;  was  chosen  scavenger  in  1763,  and  the  following  year  was 
a  surveyor  of  wheat.     He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1757. 

David  Mason  (1754),  painter,  of  Boston  and  Salem,  son  of  David  and  Susanna 
Mason,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  19,  1726.  He  married,  (2)  Sept.  5,  1750, 
Hannah,  daughter  of  Andrew  Symmes  (1734).  His  first  wife,  Miss  Goldthwait,  lived 
less  than  a  year  after  her  marriage.  He  was  apprenticed  to  John  Gore,  father  of  Samuel 
(1786),  to  learn  the  trade  of  painting,  and  afterward  was  a  pupil  of  Greenwood  in  por- 
trait painting,  in  which  profession  he  gained  an  enviable  reputation. 

Possessing  a  strong  military  spirit,  he  was  early  engaged  in  military  service,  and  was 
a  lieutenant  in  the  French  war,  commanding  a  battery  of  cannon  at  Fort  William  Henry. 
He  was  afterwards  taken  prisoner  by  the  French,  but  was  soon  released.  In  1756,  he 
had  charge  of  the  powder-house  which  stood  on  Fort  Hill.  In  April,  1763,  he  organ- 
ized an  artillery  company,  which  paraded  in  Boston,  with  only  one  cannon,  at  the 
funeral  of  Col.  John  Phillips  (1725).  This  artillery  company  was  formed  soon  after  the 
Cadets,  and  the  South  End  Artillery  Company  of  Boston  was  its  successor.  Soon  after, 
he  removed  to  Salem,  where  he  was  engaged  at  his  trade.  "  Painter,  1770,  David  Mason 
[1754]  from  Boston.  '  His  shop  in  the  lane  leading  to  North  Bridge ;  does  all  kinds  of* 
painting,  japanning,  varnishing  and  gilding.  He  also  papers  rooms  and  glazes  windows. 
He  paints  chaises  and  coaches.'  "  ' 

"  1 77 1.  Jan.  1.  Notice  is  given,  that  two  lectures  on  Electricity  [then  little  under- 
stood], will  be  delivered  by  David  Mason  [1754],  at  his  house,  near  North  Bridge."  The 
price  was  one  pistareen  a  lecture.  In  1774,  he  had  charge  of  two  chests  of  tea  which 
had  been  smuggled  into  Salem.  They  were  deposited  in  his  chamber  closet.  The  next 
day  it  was  committed  to  the  school-boys,  who  had  a  grand  time  in  burning  it  upon  the 
common. 

In  1775,  Capt.  David  Mason  (1754)  committed  seventeen  cannon  to  John  Foster, 
for  the  purpose  of  having  them  fitted  with  carriages.  Mr.  Foster  had  at  work  for  him 
a  "foreign  journeyman,"  who,  having  obtained  leave  to  visit  Boston,  got  word  to  Gov. 
Gage  in  regard  to  the  cannon.  The  governor  ordered  Col.  Leslie  to  embark  with  three 
hundred  men  of  the  Sixty- Fourth  Regiment,  from  Castle  William,  to  proceed  to  Salem 
and  capture  the  ordnance.  At  2  p.m.,  on  Sunday,  Feb.  26,  1775,  the  force  landed  at 
Homan's  Cove,  Marblehead,  and  took  up  the  line  of  march  for  Salem.  The  word  of 
alarm  outstripped  the  British.  Salem  was  awake,  drums  beating,  bells  ringing,  and  guns 
firing.     Capt.  Mason  (1754)  immediately  began  to  remove  the  cannon.     He  concealed 

Daniel  Jones  (1754).     Authorities:  Boston  1794;  Allen's  American  Biography;   Boston  Globe, 

Records;   Mass.  Archives.  Dec.  25,  1889. 

David  Mason   (1754).     Authorities:   Felt's  '  Felt's  Annals  of  Salein,  Vol.  II.,  p.  185. 

Annals  of  Salem;  Massachusetts  Centinel,  Sept.  24, 


,7S4]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  69 

them  in  an  oak  thicket  back  of  Devereux's  Hill,  three  quarters  of  a  mile  from  Foster's 
shop.  Meanwhile,  the  British  were  approaching  Salem,  but  were  delayed  by  a  broken 
bridge  and  hoisted  draw.  After  considerable  parleying,  Col.  Leslie  promised  that  if 
"  the  draw  were  lowered,  and  he  permitted  to  lead  his  men  thirty  rods  beyond,  he  would 
then  countermarch,  and  leave  the  premises."  Rev.  Thomas  Barnard  —  who  delivered 
the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1789  —  advised  the  colonists  to  comply  with  his  propo- 
sition, which  they  did  ;  and  Col.  Leslie,  with  his  command,  returned  to  Marblehead  and 
thence  to  Boston  without  capturing  Capt.  David  Mason's  (1754)  cannon.  In  April, 
1775,  he  marched,  with  about  five  hundred  men,  to  Medford.  He  immediately  entered 
the  artillery  service,  and  was  prominent  with  Col.  Richard  Gridley  in  organizing  a  regi- 
ment or  train  of  artillery.  June  21  the  Provincial  Congress  issued  commissions  to  Gridley, 
Mason  (1754),  and  others.  Upon  the  reorganization  of  the  army  in  1776,  the  officers 
of  the  artillery  were  :  Henry  Knox,  colonel ;  William  Burbank,  first  lieutenant-colonel, 
and  David  Mason  (1754),  second  lieutenant-colonel. 

On  the  nights  of  the  2d,  3d,  and  4th  of  March,  1776;  a  vigorous  cannonading  was 
kept  up  by  the  colonial  artillery,  to  divert  the  enemy's  attention  while  Dorchester  Heights 
were  being  occupied.  On  the  third  night,  while  Washington  himself  was  present,  a  brass 
gun  exploded,  and  Lieut.-Col.  Mason  (1754)  was  wounded.  April  3,  1776,  the  artillery, 
ammunition,  etc.,  were  ordered  to  New  York,  whither  also  Col.  Mason  (1754)  proceeded 
as  soon  as  possible.  He  was  soon  after  promoted  for  gallant  service.  Dec.  20,  1776, 
Col.  Knox  submitted  to  Congress  a  detailed  plan  for  the  establishment  and  maintenance 
of  a  continental  artillery,  including  arsenals,  magazines,  etc.  The  matter  having  already 
received  the  attention  of  Congress,  it  determined,  Dec.  24,  to  establish  three  arsenals  or 
magazines,  —  one  in  Virginia,  one  in  Pennsylvania,  and  one  at  Brookfield,  Mass.  Gen. 
Knox,  who  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  artillery,  Dec.  23,  1776,  did  not  approve 
of  the  selection  of  Brookfield,  and  Springfield  was  finally  determined  upon  by  Congress. 
To  Col.  David  Mason  (1754)  was  given  charge  of  the  establishment  and  erection  of  these 
works  at  Springfield.  They  were  at  first,  in  1778,  located  on  Main  Street,  but  were 
subsequently  removed  to  their  present  location  on  training- field  hill.  He  remained  at 
Springfield  for  several  years.  In  1786,  Col.  Mason  (1754)  became  lame,  and  continued 
so  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  Boston,  Sept.  21,  1794. 

Died  "in  this  town,  Sunday  morning  last  [Sept.  21],  in  the  sixty-eighth  year  of  his 
age,  after  a  long  and  painful  illness,  which  he  maintained  with  that  fortitude  and  resigna- 
tion characteristic  of  a  true  disciple  of  Jesus  Christ,  Col.  David  Mason  [1754],  a  worthy 
and  useful  citizen,  and  an  early  and  active  defender  of  the  liberties  of  his  country.  At  an 
early  period  in  life  he  discovered  a  genius  for  tactics  and  the  art  of  gunnery,  and  his 
extensive  knowledge  in  each  of  these  sciences  made  him  eminently  useful,  throughout 
every  period  of  the  Revolution.  So  early  as  the  year  1763,  by  permission  of  our  govern- 
ment, he  raised  and  organized  the  present  artillery  company  of  this  town,  now  com- 
manded by  Capt.  Samuel  Bradlee  [1765].  In  the  beginning  of  the  contest  between 
Great  Britain  and  America,  he  was  appointed  by  the  Committee  of  Supplies,  as  the  most 
proper  person  to  collect  materials  and  military  stores  for  the  defence  of  the  country, 
and  ever  after  proved  himself  a  zealous  and  warm  advocate  for  its  liberties. 

" '  Alas !   tho'  't  is  an  awful  thing  to  die, 

Yet  after  the  dread  path  thou  once  hast  trod, 
Heav'n  lifts  its  everlasting  portals  high, 

And  bids  the  pure  in  heart  behold  their  God.' 


70  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I7S4 

"  His  funeral  will  proceed  from  the  house  of  his  son-in-law,  Mr.  Daniel  Tuttle,  in 
Back  Street,  this  afternoon  at  four  o'clock,  at  which  time  his  friends  and  acquaintances  are 
requested  to  attend  without  more  particular  invitation." ' 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1754  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  i.st.  1754.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  unanimously  Voted,  That 
the  Rev.  Mr  Samuel  Porter,  of  Sherburne,  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Elec- 
tion Sermon,  and  that  the  present  commission  officers  of  the  Company,  Capt  Thomas 
Edwards  [1724],  Lt  Samuel  Pratt  [1734],  &  En.  Thomas  Drowne  [1737]  and  John 
Phillips,  Esq.  [1725],  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  Attest :    John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"April  1st  1754.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Capt  Thomas  Edwards  [1724],  it 
was  Voted,  That  the  Field  Officers  of  the  Militia  of  the  town  of  Boston,  together  with  Col. 
John  Chandler  [Jr.  (1734)],  Capt  Samuel  Watts  [1733]  and  Col  Isaac  Royall  [1750],  be 
a  committee  to  reply  to  any  petition  that  may  be  preferred  to  the  General  Court  by  the 
Company  of  Cadets,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Benjamin  Pollard  [1726],  that  may  be 
detrimental  to  this  Company.  Voted,  That  the  present  Commission  Officers  of  the  Com- 
pany be  a  committee  to  examine  the  list,  &c.  and  make  report  to  the  Company  in  May 
next,  for  their  approbation,  of  what  persons  they  think  are  proper  to  be  excused  of  the 
fines  due  from  them  to  the  Company.  Attest :     John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"May  6th.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  Capt  Thomas  Edwards  [1724],  being 
one  of  the  Committee,  to  wait  upon  the  Rev  Mr.  Samuel  Porter  to  desire  him  to  preach 
the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  to  the  Company,  that  he  had  accepted  the 
same.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Sergt  Torrey's  [1752],  it  was  Voted,  That  thirteen 
pounds,  six  shillings  and  eight  pence,  lawful  money,  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  of  the 
Company  to  the  Commission  Officers,  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  dinner  upon 
the  ensuing  Election  day,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted  That  Mr.  John 
Wendell,  tertius  [1745],  be  excused  from  paying  what  fines  are  due  from  him  to  the 
Company  to  this  time.  Attest :    John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"June  3'd  1754.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  commis- 
sion officers,2  Capt  Thomas  Edwards  [1724],  &  En.  Thomas  Drowne  [1737],  with  the 
Treasurer  John  Phillips,  Esq.  [1725],  be  a  committee  to  wait  upon  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel 
Porter  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  this  day  preached.3 

"Attest:    John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"Sept.  2'd.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Lt.  John  Welch's  [1736],  it  was  unani- 
mously Voted,  that  every  member  of  this  Company  shall  for  the  future  appear  upon 
training  days  in  white  hose.  Attest :    John  Leverett,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Samuel  Porter,  of  Sherbom,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1754. 
He  was  originally  from  Hadley ;  was  born  Dec.  2,  1709  ;  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1730,  and  was  ordained  at  Sherbom  soon  after.  He  married,  Oct.  20,  1735,  Mary 
Coolidge,  of  Cambridge,  and  died  Sept.  17,  1758,  aged  forty-nine  years. 

1  Columbian  Centinel,  Sept.  24,  1 794.  ancient  and   honorable  Artillery  Company,  after  a 

2  Lieut.  Samuel  Pratt  (1734)  is  omitted  in  ihis  sermon  suitable  to  the  Occasion,  preach'd  by  the 
sentence  as  one  of  the  commissioned  officers.  He  Rev.  Mr.  Porter,  of  Sherburne,  the  Company  made 
is  believed  to  have  died  while  in  office,  and  between  choice  of  Capt  Ralph  Hartt  [1739]  for  their  Cap- 
April  I  and  June  3,  1754.  tain;   Mr.  John  Welch  [1736],  Lieutenant,  and  Mr. 

3  "  Monday  last  [June  3,  1754]  being  the  An-  Joseph  Edwards  [1738],  Ensign,  for  the  ensuing 
niversary  for   the   Election  of  the  Officers  of  the  year."  —  Boston  Evening  Post,  June  10,  1754. 


I755]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  71 

The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1755  were  :  John  Symmes 

[7CC     (i733)>  captain;  Thomas  Savage  (1739),  lieutenant;  Newman  Greenough 

•   \J>J     (1740),   ensign.      Moses  Deshon1   (1737)    was  first  sergeant;    John  Gore 

(1743),  second  sergeant;    Isaac  Cazneau  (1744),  third  sergeant;  Joseph  Gale  (1744), 

fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Torrey,  Jr.  (1752),  clerk. 

Capt.  Benjamin  Edes  (1760),  in  company  with  John  Gill,  began,  April  7,  1755,  the 
publication  of  the  Boston  Gazette  or  Country  Journal.  Their  office  was  in  King  Street, 
near  the  east  end  of  the  town-house.  This  paper  was  issued  until  the  Revolution,  April, 
1775,  when  it  suspended;  but  Mr  Edes  (1760)  revived  it  at  Watertown,  returned  with 
it  to  Boston  in  November,  1776,  and  there  continued  its  publication  until  1798. 

Gov.  Shirley  was  active  in  military  affairs ;  Braddock  was  defeated,  and  the  people 
of  Boston  were  alive  to  the  situation.  Two  thousand  stand  of  arms,  purchased  by  the 
town  of  Boston,  arrived  from  England,  and  a  regiment  was  raised  in  Boston  for  the  war. 
May  28,  Rev.  Mr.  Checkley  preached  a  sermon  to  the  company  under  Capt.  Thomas 
Stoddard  (1744),  about  to  proceed  to  the  seat  of  war. 

Capt.  Moses  Deshon's  (1737)  company  in  Col.  Richard  Gridley's  regiment,2  on  its 
return  from  Crown  Point,  was  fourteen  days  in  marching  from  Albany  to  Boston,  two 
hundred  and  five  miles.  The  following-named  officers  of  that  company  were  members 
of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company:  Moses  Deshon  (1737),  captain; 
Samuel  Sellon  (1765),  corporal. 

The  families,  forced  from  their  homes  in  Nova  Scotia,  began  to  arrive.  Two  hun- 
dred of  them  were  allotted  to  Massachusetts,  to  be  dispersed  over  the  State  by  a  legisla- 
tive committee,  whose  chairman  was  Samuel  Watts,  Esq.  (1733). 

The  unjustifiable  claims  of  France  on  certain  portions  of  North  America,  the  forcible 
expulsion  of  a  company  of  British  settlers  from  a  tract  of  land  beyond  the  Alleghany 
Mountains  and  near  the  Ohio  River,  by  a  body  of  French  troops,  and  the  building  of  a 
fort  to  command  the  entrance  into  the  country  on  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  rivers,  thus 
excluding  the  English  from  a  valuable  portion  of  their  possessions,  gave  indications  of  a 
long-continued  struggle. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1755  were:  Samuel  Ballard, 
Samuel  Barrett,  Edward  Cames,  Barnabas  Clarke,  Isaac  Decoster,  Samuel  Dyer,  John 
Forsyth,  William  Hyslop,  John  Joy,  Henry  Perkins,  Benjamin  Phillips,  Francis  Whitman, 
Samuel  Whitwell. 

Samuel  Ballard  (1755)  was  born  in  1719.  He  married,  June  4,  1741,  Elizabeth 
Pickering.  He  was  elected  constable  March  9,  1746.  His  name  is  also  mentioned  in 
the  selectmen's  minutes,  May  4,  1763,  when  complaint  was  made  that  the  chimneys  of 
a  house  owned  by  Mr.  Samuel  Ballard  (1755)  were  unsafe.     He  was  a  member  of  the 

Samuel  Ballard  (1755).    Authorities:  Bos-  !  "  In  Col.  Richard  Gridley's  regiment  at  Crown 

ton  Records;    Procs.  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  A.  F.  Point  in  September,  1755,  Capt.  Nathaniel  Thwing 

and  A.  M.  ['736]  was  captain  of  the  Lieut. -Colonel's Company; 

1  "Fort  Edward  Sept.  23,  1756  These  may  Capt.  Thomas  Stoddard  [1744]  was  captain  of  the 
Certify  that  Major  Moses  Deshon  [1737]  of  Colo.  First  Company;  John  Wendtll  [1745]  was  its  lieu- 
Thatchers  Reg'  is  unlit  for  duty  by  reason  of  Indis-  tenant;  Moses  Deshon  [1737]  was  captain  of  the 
position  of  body.                    Joseph  Bridgham.  Fourth   Company.      The  regiment   marched  from 

"Major  Deshon  [1737]  has  Liberty  to  go  down  Boston,  Sept.  24,  1755."  —  Mass.  Archives. 
to  Albany  for  the  Recovery  of  his  health. 

"  P.  Lyman. 

"Sept  23,  1756." 

—  Mass.  Archives,  Vol.  XCIV.,  p.  429. 


72  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [r755 

militia  in  Boston,  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain,  and  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1759.  He  was  a  Freemason,  and  walked  in  the  Masonic  procession,  Sept. 
12,  1767,  when  the  remains  of  Jeremy  Gridley,  grand  master  of  Masons  in  North  America, 
were  buried.     Samuel  Ballard  (1755)  died  March  5,  1793,  aged  seventy-four  years. 

Samuel  Barrett  (1755),  merchant  and  barrister,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thornton  and 
Hepzibah  (Williams)  Barrett,  was  born  in  Boston,  June  28,  1722.  He  married,  July  28, 
1743,  Mary  Shedd.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  Samuel  Barrett  (1755)  was  probably  a 
grandson  of  Samuel  (17 1 7). 

Mr.  Barrett  (1755)  was  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1755  ;  clerk  of  the  market  in  1759, 
1760,  and  1763  ;  warden  in  1768  and  1772;  fireward  in  1776,  and  overseer  of  the  poor 
in  1777,  and  subsequently.  Aug.  26,  1776,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  census-takers  from 
Ward  6,  and  Nov.  1 1  of  that  year  was  one  of  the  committee  to  collect  an  account  of  the 
damage  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill.  He  visited  the  public  schools  with  the  justices  and 
others,  July  10,  1772;  was  appointed  on  committees  to  petition  the  General  Court  on 
various  matters,  and  served  on  other  and  important  committees  of  the  town.  He  became 
a  captain  in  the  militia,  and  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace,  March  4,  1774.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity ;  also  of  the  New  North  Church,  and  for  several 
years  held  the  office  of  deacon. 

July  26,  1776,  he  was  appointed  by  the  Committee  of  Correspondence,  Inspection, 
and  Safety,  to  take  charge  of  the  inhabitants  of  Boston  residing  in  Ward  12,  both  on  the 
alarm  and  train-band  lists.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1760, 
lieutenant  in  1766,  and  its  captain  in  177 1.  On  the  first  field-day  after  his  election  as 
captain  of  the  Artillery  Company,  Sept.  2,  1771,  he  presented  a  new  stand  of  colors  to 
the  Company.  Monday,  Sept.  3,  1798,  the  Artillery  Company  completed  the  field  duty 
of  the  day  by  attending  his  funeral,  with  side  arms,  in  uniform.  His  wife,  Elizabeth, 
sister  of  Josiah  Salisbury  (1759),  died  Nov.  5,  1798,  aged  fifty-three  years. 

"On  Saturday  last  [Aug.  25,  1798],  this  town  and  his  numerous  friends,  -as  well  as 
his  own  family,  suffered  a  heavy  loss  in  the  death  of  Samuel  Barrett,  Esq.,  LL.  D.  [1755]. 
This  gentleman,  in  the  early  part  of  his  life,  having  received  a  liberal  education,  followed 
the  honorable  profession  of  merchant,  and  evinced  integrity  and  ability  to  all  who  were 
connected  with  him.  In  the  period  of  our  late  Revolution,  which  his  patriotism  led  him 
warmly  to  support,  he  was  employed  in  procuring  supplies  of  clothing,  etc.,  for  the 
American  army,  which  was  much  indebted  to  his  care  and  diligence.  After  the  peace, 
quitting  his  mercantile  pursuits,  he  went  into  the  study  of  the  law,  for  which  his  classical 
taste  and  love  of  literature  well  qualified  him.  For  several  years  he  acted  as  a  justice  of 
the  peace  with  unimpeached  honor  and  impartiality,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was  a 
judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  County  of  Suffolk,  and  a  notary  public  for 
the  port  of  Boston.  The  many  who  employed  him  in  this  capacity  will  bear  witness  to 
his  accuracy,  punctuality,  and  despatch  in  doing  their  business,  as  well  as  to  his  open 
and  honorable  conduct  in  every  department  of  life.  Their  esteem  and  confidence 
attended  him  in  life,  and  their  regret  and  sorrow  for  his  death  embalm  his  memory. 
Mild  and  amiable  in  his  disposition,  sensible  and  well-informed  in  his  mind,  and  con- 
ciliating in  his  manners,  he  was  universally  beloved.  His  death  was  very  sudden,  and 
took  place  in  the  60th  year  of  his  age."  l 

Samuel  Barrett  (1755).    Authorities:  Bos-  '  Columbian    Centinel,  Wednesday,  Aug.   29, 

ton  Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com-        1798. 
pany,  Ed.  1842. 


i755]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  73 

Edward  Carnes  (.1755).  rope-maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Lieut. -Col.  John  (1733)  and 
Sarah  Carnes,  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  8,  1730.  He  married,  (1)  March  1,  1753, 
Joanna  Jenner,  who  died  in  Boston,  July  2,  1772  ;  (2)  Sarah  Cheever;  and  he  died  Aug. 
19,  1782,  aged  fifty-three  years.  He  was  a  brother  of  Capt.  Thomas  Carnes,  who  joined 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1754. 

Edward  Carnes  (1755)  was  elected  by  the  town  a  scavenger  in  1762  and  1763,  and 
was  one  of  the  visitors  to  the  public  schools,  July  5,  1769.     He  was  chosen,  Aug.  26, 

1776,  to  take  'the  census,  etc.,  of  Ward  7,  in  Boston,  and  Aug.  28,  1776,  was  drawn  a 
juryman  for  the  trial  and  condemnation  of  vessels ;  was  elected  a  surveyor  of  hemp  in 

1777,  also  from  1779  to  1782  inclusive,  and,  May  22,  1777,  served  as  a  juryman  in  the 
trial  of  such  persons  as  the  town  represented  "  to  be  inimical  to  these  states  and  dangerous 
to  the  public  safety."  In  the  "  Records  of  the  Town  of  Boston,"  Edward  Carnes  (1755) 
was  called  "Captain"  in  1778,  and  "Major"  in  1779.  Sept.  4,  1778,  he  was  "drawn 
out  of  the  box  "  for  a  juryman  in  a  maritime  court.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artil- 
lery Company  in  1758;  ensign  in  1766,  and  lieutenant  in  1769.  He  was  active  in  the 
Boston  militia,  passed  through  the  several  grades,  and  was  the  last  major  of  the  Boston 
regiment  prior  to  the  Revolution.  He  was  drafted  for  service  in  the  Continental  Army, 
Dec.  19,  1776. 

Major  Carnes  (1755)  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity.  He  belonged  both 
to  the  Second  and  Masters'  lodges  in  Boston,  and  first  appears  as  a  member  of  the  St. 
John's  Grand  Lodge  in  1767.  His  attendance  upon  the  meetings  of  this  grand  body 
was  quite  regular  until  1774.     In  1773,  he  was  recorded  as  junior  grand  warden. 

At  the  completion  of  Bunker  Hill  monument,  the  last  stone  was  raised  to  its  place 
in  the  presence  of  the  government  of  the  association,  July  23,  1842,  the  American  flag 
being  waved  from  the  stone  during  its  ascent  by  Edward  Carnes,  Jr.,  grandson  of  Major 
Edward  Carnes  (1755). 

Barnabas  Clarke  (1755),  of  Boston,  married  Hepzibah  Barrett,  May  19,  1748.  The 
only  town  office  to  which  he  was  elected  was  that  of  constable,  in  1756,  from  which 
service  he  was  excused. 

Isaac  Decoster  (1755),  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Decoster,  was  born  in 
Boston,  April  2,  1728.  He  married  (published),  Oct.  25,  1750,  Martha  Hart,  of  Boston. 
He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1757,  and  was  sworn  as  a  constable 
of  Boston,  March  11,  1754.  He  was  at  Louisburg  in  1755-6,  and  at  Halifax  in  1760. 
In  his  letter  from  the  latter  place,  June  23,  1760,  he  speaks  of  belonging  to  a  lodge  there, 
which  implies  that  Halifax  was  his  residence.  Feb.  3,  1761,  Mr.  Decoster  (1755)  was 
master  of  Lodge  No.  2,  at  Halifax.  He  is  the  first  named  in  the  charter  of  the  Lodge 
of  St.  Andrew,  of  Boston,  and  was  master  of  that  lodge  from  1756  to  1760.  He  was  in 
Scotland  pending  the  proceedings  for  that  charter,  and  was  designated  as  the  first  master. 
Mr.  Decoster  (1755)  was  probably  made  a  Mason  in  Halifax,  but  was  refused  recognition 
by  the  First  Lodge,  of  Boston.  His  Masonic  relations  in  Boston  alone  give  us  the  prin- 
cipal information  in  regard  to  him. 

Edward  Carnes  (1755).   Authorities:  Bos-  Isaac  Decoster  (1755).    Authorities :  Bos- 

ton  Records;    Early   Masonic   Records;   Wyman's       ton  Records;   Early  Masonic  Records. 
Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


74  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i755 

Samuel  Dyer  (1755),  son  of  Jonathan  and  Hannah  Dyer,  was  born  April  3,  1729. 
Capt.  Dyer  (1755)  was  elected  warden  in  1768  and  1778,  and  fence-viewer  from  1764  to 
1774  inclusive,  and  from  1778  to  1781  inclusive;  also,  was  an  assessor  in  Boston  from 
1778  to  1781  inclusive.  In  1780  he  is  called  in  the  records  "Deacon."  He  was  first 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1760,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  militia. 

John  Forsyth  (1755),  of  Boston,  son  of  Alexander  and  Deborah  Forsyth,  was  born 
Nov.  5,  1731,  and  was  baptized  two  days  after,  at  the  Second  Church  in  Boston. 

John  Forsyth  (1755)  was  elected  a  scavenger  from  1755  to  1760  inclusive,  and  clerk 
of  the  market  in  1763.     He  became  a  captain  in  the  local  militia. 

William  Hyslop  (1755),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  James  Hyslop,  came  from 
Humly  Parish,  East  Lowden,  Haddington  County,  Scotland.  He  was  baptized  Sept.  20, 
j  714.  He  came  to  America  about  1740,  beginning  his  life  here  "as  a  peddler  with  a 
pack  on  his  back,"  and  six  years  later  he  was  engaged  in  Boston  as  an  importer  of  Scotch 
goods  from  Glasgow,  particularly  Bibles,  of  which  he  sold  very  many.  His  store  was  on 
Codman's  Wharf,  which  was  sold  to  the  city  of  Boston  for  the  Quincy  market-house  by 
the  heirs  of  John  Codman,  to  whom  Mr.  Hyslop  (1755)  had  previously  conveyed  his 
part  of  it,  and  it  was  burned  down  in  the  great  fire  of  1760.  The  site  is  now  covered  by 
the  granite  stores  of  South  Market  Street.  In  1760,  Mr.  Hyslop's  (1755)  store  was  in 
Quaker  Lane,  and  in  the  list  of  the  persons  burnt  out  by  the  great  fire  of  that  year, 
in  Quaker  Lane,  William  Hyslop  (17551  is  mentioned  first  in  the  Ncws-Letter.  His 
early  residence  was  next  east  of  Concert  Hall.1 

March  n,  1750,  he  was  elected  a  constable  of  Boston,  but  declined  to  serve,  and 
paid  the  usual  fine.     He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1758. 

On  his  retirement  from  active  business,  he  resided  on  the  farm  in  Brookline  owned 
for  many  years  by  the  Boylston  family.  Dec.  15,  1766,  the  selectmen  of  Boston  notified 
the  assessors  that  William  Hyslop  (1755)  ought  to  be  taxed  for  the  property  he  owned 
in  Boston,  though  living  in  another  town. 

On  the  division  of  Mr.  Hyslop's  (1755)  estate  between  his  son  and  daughter,  the 
homestead  fell  to  his  son  David,  who  occupied  it  for  several  years.  He  devised  it  to  his 
wife  during  her  life,  and  after  her  death  to  his  sister  Sumner's  children.  Thirteen  acres 
were  sold  to  the  city  of  Boston  for  the  water  reservoir,  and  the  remainder  to  Mr.  Morti- 
mer C.  Ferris. 

William  Hyslop  (1755)  married,  Oct.  25,  1750,  Mehitable,  daughter  of  David  and 
Elizabeth  Stoddard.  She  was  born  June  5,  1719,  and  died  Nov.  19,  1792.  Her  husband 
survived  her  about  four  years,  dying  Aug.  11,  1796,  in  the  eighty-third  year  of  his  age. 
They  had  five  children,  of  whom  David,  Elizabeth,  and  William  lived  to  be  married. 
David  and  William  had  no  children.  Elizabeth  married,  Sept.  30,  1779,  Increase 
Sumner,  governor  of  Massachusetts.  She  was  first  betrothed  to  Rev.  John  Hunt,  asso- 
ciate pastor  of  the  Old  South  Church,  who  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election 
sermon  in  1774.    He  declined  to  accept  on  account  of  ill  health,  and  died  Dec.  30,  1775. 

Samuel    Dyer  (1755).     Authority:   Boston  etc.;   Hist.  Sketches  of  Brookline,  p.  301;   Pilgrims 

Records.  of  Boston. 

John  Forsyth   (1755).     Authority:  Boston  '  In  a  deed  of  the  Concert  Hall  property,  dated 

Records.  Sept.  30,  1754,  that  property  is  bounded  on  the  east 

William  Hyslop  (1755).   Authorities:  Sum-  "  by  the  house  and  land  of  W>»  Hyslop  [1755]  now 

ner's  Hist,  of  East  Boston,  p.  274  el  seq.;   Boston  occupied  by  Mrs  Steele,  49  ft."     It  was  here  that 

Records,  Selectmen's  Minutes,  1767,  pp.  244,  245,  Mr.  Hyslop  (1755)  first  lived  in  Boston. 


,755]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  75 

Mr.  Hyslop  (1755)  was  a  member  of  Brattle  Street  Church,  and  a  strong  Scotch 
Presbyterian.  On  the  introduction  of  an  organ  into  that  meeting-house,  Mr.  Hyslop 
(1755)  discontinued  his  attendance  there,  and  became  a  regular  worshipper  at  the 
church  of  Rev.  Mr.  Jackson,  in  Brookline.  He  was  generous  to  the  poor,  and  universally 
kind  ;  was  a  member  of  various  benevolent  societies,  and  left  a  large  legacy  for  mission- 
ary work  among  the  Indians. 

"Saturday,  13"'  August.  Mr  Hyslop  [1755],  one  of  the  owners  of  this  Island 
[Noddle's]  was  buried  this  afternoon,  it  is  said  he  has  left  eighty  thousand  pounds  worth 
of  property,  and  only  two  children." 

His  grandson,  Gen.  William  Hyslop  Sumner,  joined  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  in  1819,  and  was  its  captain  in  1821. 

John  Joy  (1755)  was  a  housewright  in  Boston.  He  was  published,  Oct.  4,  1750,  to 
marry  Sarah  Homer,  of  Boston.  His  residence  was  on  Leverett  Street,  but  owned  other 
property  on  Water  Street.  He  was  elected  constable  of  Boston  in  1756  and  1757,  but 
was  excused  from  serving;  fence-viewer  from  1766  to  1774  inclusive,  and  visited  the 
schools  July  1,  1767,  and  July  1,  1772.  He  was  town  warden  in  1769.  March  5,  1774, 
he  was  elected  on  a  committee  to  consider  measures  for  providing  a  suitable  place  for 
the  carts  and  sleds,  with  hay,  firewood,  etc.,  and  "  the  Inhabitants  of  Corn-Hill  thereby 
eased  of  that  Incumbrance." 

Capt.  Joy  (1755)  was  an  addresser  of  Hutchinson  in  1774,  and  of  Gen.  Gage  in 
1775.  In  1776,  he  went  with  other  royalists  to  Halifax;  was  proscribed  and  banished 
in  1778.  He  was  in  England  in  1779.  Mr.  Joy  (17^5)  was  a  member  of  the  Boston 
militia,  and,  after  several  years  of  service,  attained  the  grade  of  captain. 

He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  First  Lodge,  in  Boston,  and  became  a 
member  thereof  in  1760.  He  was  junior  warden  of  that  lodge  in  1762-3,  senior  warden 
in  1764,  and  master  from  1769  to  1771  ;  junior  warden  of  the  Masters'  Lodge  in  1765, 
senior  warden  in  1766,  and  master  in  1772.  Jan.  27,  1775,  John  Joy  (1755)  was  con- 
stituted junior  grand  warden  of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge.     He  died  in  England  in  1798. 

Henry  Perkins  (1755),  son  °f  Edmund  and  Mary  Perkins,  was  born  in  Boston 
Aug.  20,  1 7 10.  He  was  elected  constable  in  1743,  but  refused  to  serve,  and  paid  the 
fine;  was  scavenger  in  1752  and  1760.  In  1757  he  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company. 

Benjamin  Phillips  (1755),  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Hannah  Phillips,  was 
born  in  Boston,  June  3,  1715.  He  was  published,  Aug.  20,  1752,  to  marry  Elizabeth 
Bourne,  of  Marshfield ;  and,  (2)  March  17,  1757,  he  married  Margaret  Cunningham,  of 
Boston.  He  was  elected,  March  10,  1766,  a  warden  of  the  town,  which  seems  to  have 
been  the  only  town  office  he  ever  held.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1760.     He  was  a  loyalist,  and  a  protester  against  the  Whigs  in  1774. 

May  19,  1777,  Benjamin  Phillips  (1755)  is  named  by  the  town  as  one  of  those 
persons  "inimical  to  these  states,  and  should  be  apprehended  and  confined."  He  died 
at  Lincoln  in  May,  1792,  aged  seventy-six  years. 

John    Joy    (1755)-      Authorities:    Boston  Henry  Perkins  (1755).    Authority :  Boston 

Records;    Sabine's   American    Loyalists;     Records       Records. 

of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge.  Benjamin    Phillips   (1755).      Authorities: 

Boston  Records;   Sabine's  American  Loyalists. 


76  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7SS 

Francis  Whitman  (1755),  shipwright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Francis  and  Elizabeth  Whit- 
man, of  Boston,  was  born  Dec.  24,  1716.  He  married,  Oct.  27,  1743,  Sarah  Pain.  He 
was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1758.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the 
town  of  Boston.  Elizabeth  Whitman,  a  widow,  who  made  her  will  in  Boston  in  1760, 
mentions  Francis  Whitman  (1755)  as  her  son.  The  latter  was,  doubtless,  an  only  child, 
and  "it  is  not  ascertained  that  he  left  any  posterity."  "With  him,  probably,  ended  the 
descendants  in  the  male  line  of  the  first  Francis,"  —  grandfather  of  Francis  (1755). 

Samuel  Whitwell  (1755),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Elizabeth  Whit- 
well,  was  born  Dec.  30,  17 17.  He  married,  June  13,  1749,  Elizabeth  Kelsey.  He  was 
a  very  prominent  member  of  the  Old  South  Church ;  was  a  deacon,  served  on  important 
committees,  and  often  represented  the  church,  with  others,  in  church  councils.  At  the 
sign  of  the  Golden  Candlestick,  corner  of  Ann  and  Union  streets,  near  the  market  of 
Boston,  he  kept  a  hardware  store,  and  his  residence  was  in  Wing's  Lane  (Elm  Street). 
His  nieces,  daughters  of  his  brother  William,  named  Elizabeth  and  Mary,  married  respec- 
tively, William  Homes,  Jr.  (1766),  and  Col.  Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  (1769).  He  was  fourth 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1759. 

Samuel  Whitwell  (1755)  was  clerk  of  the  market  in  1763,  warden  in  1765,  and 
informer  of  deer  from  1764  to  1769  inclusive.  He  was  an  overseer  of  the  poor  from 
1769  to  1783  inclusive.  At  the  town  meeting  held  March  6,  1770,  occasioned  by  the 
massacre  in  King  Street  by  the  soldiery  the  preceding  night,  information  was  given 
by  several  persons  as  to  what  they  had  heard  the  British  soldiers  say,  and  what  they  had 
seen  them  do.  The  number  of  these  persons  being  so  great,  the  town  selected  a  com- 
mittee, of  which  Samuel  Whitwell  (1755)  was  one>  to  ta^e  tneir  depositions.  Dec.  7, 
1774,  he  was  one  of  a  committee  chosen  to  carry  into  execution  the  resolutions  of  the 
Continental  Congress,  and  Oct.  16,  1776,  he  was  chosen  to  consider  the  grievances  of 
certain  petitioners  in  regard  to  the  forestalling  of  provisions  and  the  necessaries  of  life 
in  the  Boston  markets.  He  was  identified  with  the  militia,  and  was  an  officer  in  the 
Continental  Army. 

Dr.  Samuel  Whitwell,  son  of  Samuel  Whitwell  (1755),  a  physician  by  profession, 
was  an  army  surgeon  in  Col.  James  Jackson's  regiment,  and  died  at  Newton,  November, 
1 791,  aged  thirty-eight  years.  He  delivered  the  oration,  July  4,  1789,  before  the  Massa- 
chusetts Society  of  Cincinnati,  of  which  he  was  a  member. 

Samuel  Whitwell  (1755)  died  June  8,  1801,  aged  eighty-four  years,  and  was  "buried 
from  his  late  house  in  Cornhill." 

The  Record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1755  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  nth.  1755.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  unanimously  Voted, 
That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thaddeus  Maccarty  of  Worcester  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artil- 
lery Election  Sermon,  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers  of  the  Company,  Capt 
Ralph  Hartt  [1739],  Lt  John  Welch  [1736]  &  En.  Joseph  Edwards  [1738],  and  John 
Phillips,  Esq.  [1725],  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  Attest :     John  Levereit,  Clerk. 
"May  4th.     The  Company  being  under  arms,  Capt  Ralph  Hartt  [1739],  one  of  the 
committee  to  wait  upon  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thaddeus  Maccarty  to  desire  him  to  preach  the 

Francis  Whitman  (1755).    Authority :  Bos-  Samuel    Whitwell   (1755).      Authorities: 

ton  Records.  Boston  Records;   Hill's  Hist.  Old  South  Church. 


1?56J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  7 7 

next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  to  the  Company  that  he  had  accepted  the  same. 
The  evening  being  spent  at  Ensign  Edwards'  [1738],  it  was  Voted,  That  thirteen  pounds 
six  shillings  and  eight  pence,  lawful  money,  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  of  this  Company 
to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  dinner  upon  the  ensuing 
Election  day,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.      Attest :  John  Leverett,  Clerk. 

"June  2'd  1755.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  Com- 
mission Officers,  Capt  Ralph  Ha'rtt  [1739],  Lt  John  Welch  [1736],  &  Ensign  Joseph 
Edwards  [1738],  with  the  Treasurer,  John  Phillips,  Esq.  [1725],  be  a  committee  to  wait 
upon  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thaddeus  Maccarty,  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company,  for 
his  Sermon  this  day  preached.  Attest :     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.,  Clerk. 

"The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  above  committee  return 
the  thanks  of  this  Company,  to  Mr.  John  Leverett  [1750],  the  former  Clerk,  for  his  past 
service.  Attest :     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk." 

Rev.  Thaddeus  Maccarty,  of  Worcester,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1755.  He  was  a  son  of  Capt.  Thaddeus  and  Mary  Maccarty,  and  was  born  in  Boston, 
July  18,  1721.  He  sailed  with  his  father  on  several  voyages,  but  being  unable  to  endure 
the  hardships  of  a  sailor's  life,  he  earnestly  turned  to  studying,  and  graduated  from 
Harvard  College  in  1739.  He  afterwards  pursued  the  study  of  theology,  and,  Nov.  3, 
1742,  was  ordained  as  pastor  of  the  church  in  Kingston,  Mass.  On  account  of  difficulty 
arising  from  his  invitation  to  Mr.  Whitefield  to  occupy  his  pulpit,  the  meeting-house 
being  forcibly  closed  against  him,  he  resigned  that  pastorate,  Nov.  3,  1745. 

The  church  in  Worcester  invited  Mr.  Maccarty  to  preach  as  a  candidate,  as  it  also 
did  Rev.  Jonathan  Mayhew.  They  both  preached,  but  the  church  gave  Rev.  Mr. 
Maccarty  a  unanimous  call  to  become  its  pastor.  He  accepted,  was  installed  June 
10,  1747,  and  preached  his  own  installation  sermon.  He  was  a  decided  Whig  during 
the  Revolution,  and  worked  earnestly  in  the  colonial  cause.  He  died  July  20,  1784, 
aged  sixty-three  years,  and  in  the  thirty-seventh  year  of  his  ministry  at  Worcester.  Sept. 
8,  1743,  he  married  Mary  Gatcomb,  of  Boston,  who  died  Dec.  8,  1783. 


,  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1756  were  :  John  Welch 

[  7  CQ.  (1736),  captain;  Thomas  Drowne  (1737),  lieutenant ;  William  Taylor  (1738), 

'    *-*         ensign.     Nathaniel  Baker  (1751)  was  first  sergeant ;  William  Heath  (1754), 

second  sergeant ;  Daniel  Jones  (1754),  third  sergeant ;  Thomas  Dawes,  Jr.  (1754),  fourth 

sergeant,  and  Samuel  Torrey,  Jr.  (1752),  clerk. 

The  board  of  overseers  of  the  poor  for  1756  illustrates  the  influence  and  standing 
of  prominent  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  the  town.  The  board  consisted  of 
twelve  members,  of  whom  five  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  viz.,  Jacob 
Wendell  (1733),  Daniel  Henchman  (1712),  Edward  Bromfield  (1732),  John  Phillips 
(1725),  and  Ebenezer  Storer  (1732). 

Mr.  Drake  makes  special  mention  of  the  death  of  Edward  Bromfield  (1732),  who 
died  April  10,  1756.  His  father  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1679,  and  rejoined  it 
in  1707.     Edward,  Jr.  (1732),  "was  a  gentlemen  of  great  benevolence,  and  was  much 

Rev.  Thaddeus  Maccarty.     Authority:  Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit. 


78  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7S6 

beloved  by  the  people  for  his  public  spirit  and  upright  dealing."  His  oldest  son,  Edward 
(Harvard  College,  1738),  died  Aug.  18,  1746,  aged  twenty-three  years. 

The  following-named  officers  enlisted  for  Crown  Point  before  April  15,  1756  :  Col. 
Nathaniel  Thwing  (1736),  in  Col.  Wendell's  (1733)  company;  Major  Moses  Deshon 
(1737),  in  Lieut.-Col.  Henchman's  (1712)  company;  Capt.  Carnes  (1755),  Capt.  Phil- 
lips (i7S5)<  CaP1-  Russell  (1745),  Capt.  Jackson  (1738),  Capt.  Hartt  (1739),  Capt. 
Symmes  (1734),  Capt.  Savage  (1738),  Capt.  Greenough  (1740),  commanded  companies. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1756  were  :  William  Bell,  James 
Bennett,  Seth  Blodgett,  Daniel  Boyer,  Benjamin  Brown,  Jr.,  Jonathan  Cary,  Jonas  Clark, 
John  Deming,  Benjamin  Dolbeare,  Robert  Jenkins,  3d,  Edward  Proctor,  Nathaniel 
Ridgeway,  Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.,  John  Wood. 

William  Bell  (1756),  bricklayer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Daniel  and  Abigail  (Cunnabill) 
Bell,  was  born  in  Boston,  April  7,  1731.  He  married,  Aug.  9,  1767,  Martha,  daughter  of 
Abraham  and  Prudence  (Hancock)  Hill,  of  Cambridge.  She  was  a  sister  of  the  mother 
of  Gov.  William  Eustis. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  Mr.  Bell  (1756)  "resided  in  Hawkins  Street,"  but  in 
1788-9  he  lived  in  Cold  Lane,  now  Portland  Street.  He  united  with  the  Second  Church, 
Sept.  8,  1782,  and  became  a  deacon.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1762,  ensign  in  1767,  lieutenant  in  1 771,  and  captain  in  1774,  continuing  in  office 
until  the  election  of  his  successor  in  1786.  He  presented  the  Artillery  Company  with 
two  espontons,  which,  after  the  Revolution,  were  adopted  as  the  badge  of  office  for  the 
commander  and  lieutenant  instead  of  the  pike  and  half  pike.  A  senior  captain  of  a 
regiment  before  the  war  ranked  as  major.  It  was  thus  Capt.  Bell  (1756)  gained  his 
rank.  He  was  a  strict  disciplinarian,  and  tenacious  of  adhering  to  the  most  ancient 
ceremonies.  The  Artillery  Company  is  indebted  principally  to  him  for  its  revival ; 
and,  being  advanced  in  years,  he  was  elected  an  honorary  member,  and  continued  such 
until  his  death.  Deacon  Bell  (1756)  was  admired  for  his  firmness  and  integrity  in 
private  life.  The  services  he  rendered  to  the  Artillery  Company  place  him  among  its 
most  distinguished  patrons. 

The  first  time  William  Bell  (1756)  is  mentioned  in  the  town  recerrds  is  under  the 
date  of  Feb.  25,  1765,  when  he  and  Daniel  Bell  (1733)  were  selected  to  examine  a 
chimney  on  Prince  Street.  July  10,  1 77 1,  he  visited  the  public  schools  with  the  justices 
and  others,  and  Nov.  n,  1776,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  committee  from  Ward  6  to 
collect  the  account  of  the  damage  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill.  He  was  elected  a  warden 
May  26,  1777.     He  is  first  called  "Captain"  in  the  records  in  1776. 

William  Bell  (1756)  is  said  to  have  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Seconeto, 
Nova  Scotia.  Dec.  27,  1760,  he  was  invited  to  the  Feast  of  St.  John  "at  Ballard's,"  in 
Boston,  and  in  1763  he  became  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew.  He  continued 
his  membership  in  that  body  until  his  decease,  which  occurred  Nov.  21,  1804. 

The  following  anecdote,  "related  by  a  bystander,"  says  Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in 
his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  exhibits  not  only  "  the  feelings  and  conduct  of  the 
people,"  just  after  the  battle  of  Lexington,  but  reveals  the  loyalty  to  the  cause  of  the 
colonies  possessed  by  some  prominent  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  :  — 

William  Bell  (1756).  Authorities:  Boston  Ed.  1842;  Early  Records  of  Grand  Lodges  in  Mass. 
Records;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company, 


i756]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  79 

"  In  1775,  before  the  Artillery  Company  suspended  its  meetings,  the  Common  was 
occupied  by  the  British  army,  and  the  Artillery  Company  were  refused  admittance. 
Capt.  Bell  [1756],  therefore,  marched  to  Copp's  Hill.  Soon  after  the  bridge  over 
Charles  River  was  built,  there  was  a  complaint  against  the  street  at  the  foot  of  this  hill. 
It  was  supposed  the  proprietors  of  that  part  of  the  hill  enclosed  from  Snowhill  Street 
ought  to  repair  the  wharf  and  street  at  their  own  expense.  This  led  to  inquiry,  in  town 
meeting,  to  whom  it  belonged  ;  some  one  said  it  belonged  to  this  Company.  Col.  Jack- 
son [1738],  their  treasurer,  was  sent  for,  and  declared  that  he  considered  it  their  prop- 
erty, a  mortgage  upon  it  to  them  having  long  since  run  out,  and  that  Capt.  Bell  [1756] 
with  the  Company,  had  taken  possession  of  it  in  1775.  Capt.  Bell  [1756]  was  then 
interrogated  by  Col.  Dawes  [1754],  the  moderator :  '  Why  did  you  march  your  Company 
to  Copp's  Hill  ?  '  Answer  :  '  I  was  prohibited  from  entering  the  Common  ;  conceiving 
this  hill  to  be  the  property  of  the  Company,  I  marched  them  there  as  a  place  no  one  had 
a  right  to  exclude  them  from.'  Question  by  moderator :  '  Supposing  a  party  of  British 
troops  should  have  been  in  possession  of  it,  and  should  have  forbidden  you  entrance, 
what  would  you  have  done? '  Answer  :  '  I  would  have  charged  bayonets,  and  forced  my 
way  as  surely  as  I  would  force  my  way  into  my  dwelling-house  if  taken  possession  of  by 
a  gang  of  thieves.'  The  late  Col.  William  Tudor,  who  was  then  present,  said  :  '  Mr. 
Moderator,  the  hill  clearly  belongs  to  that  Company,  and  I  wish  they  would  execute  a 
quitclaim  deed  of  it  to  me  for  a  fair  price.'  The  mortgage  was  discharged  afterwards, 
and  the  street  repaired  by  the  town." 

James  Bennett  (1756),  of  Boston,  son  of  James  and  Abigail  Bennett,  was  born  in 
Boston,  Aug.  18,  1734.  A  James  Bennett  was  published  in  Boston,  Jan.  9,  1775,  to 
marry  Susannah  Storer.  He  is  not  mentioned  in  the  town  records,  printed  by  the  record 
commissioners  of  Boston. 

Seth  Blodgett  (1756),  innkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Caleb  and  Sarah  (Wyman) 
Blodgett,  was  born  in  Woburn,  and  married  Elizabeth  Harding,  who  died  April  16,  1808, 
"in  her  78th  year."  They  had  one  son,  Edward,  baptized  March  17,  1 77 1 .  Caleb 
Blodgett  was  an  innkeeper  in  Woburn.  Seth  Wyman,  an  uncle  of  Seth  Blodgett  (1756)) 
and  for  whom  the  latter  was  named,  was  killed  in  the  "  Lovewell  Fight,"  in  1725. 

In  1767,  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  "ordered  the  Grand  Treasurer 
to  pay  to  Bro.  Seth  Blodgett  [1756]  the  sum  of  £1.  j,s.  2p.  if.  for  sundry  Expenses  at 
his  House,"  etc.  Mr.  Blodgett  (1756)  attended  the  funeral  obsequies,  conducted  by  the 
Grand  Lodge,  in  honor  of  R.  W.  Jeremy  Gridley,  Sept.  12,  1767. 

Royal  Exchange  tavern  was  on  the  southwest  corner  of  Exchange  and  State  streets. 
This  inn  gave  the  name  to  the  street  on  the  east  side  of  it.  The  tavern  dates  back  to 
1727,  when  it  was  kept  by  Luke  Vardy.  The  trouble  between  Henry  Phillips  and  Benja- 
min Woodbridge,  which  resulted  in  a  duel  and  a  death  upon  the  Common,  and  death  in 
a  foreign  land,  began  in  this  tavern.  On  the  opposite  corner  of  Exchange  and  State 
streets  stood  the  custom-house,  where  the  first  act  of  the  State  Street  Massacre  was 
committed. 

Sept.  26,  1764,  at  a  meeting  of  the  selectmen,  Mr.  Seth  Blodgett  (1756)  "was 
approbated  by  the  selectmen  to  keep  a  tavern  at  the  Royal  Exchange  near  the  town- 
house,  he  having  lately  hired  the  same."     Oct.  14,  1767,  Mr.  Robert  Stone  applied  to 

Seth  Blodgett  (1756).    Authority:  Boston  Records. 


8o  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1756 


the  selectmen  for  "a  license  to  keep  a  tavern  at  their  house  in  King  Street  lately 
improved  by  Mr.  Blodgett  [1756],"  but  the  license  was  not  then  granted.  Mr.  Stone 
was,  however,  its  landlord  at  the  time  of  the  massacre,  March  5,  1770. 

Dec.  28,  1768,  the  selectmen  of  Boston  notified  the  assessors  that  Seth  Blodgett 
(1756),  an  inhabitant  of  another  town  in  this  province,  ought  to  be  taxed  here  for  the 
real  estate  he  occupies,  and  the  business  he  does  here. 

Daniel  Boyer  (1756),  of  Boston,  son  of  James  and  Mary  Boyer,  was  born  June  14, 
172-  (imperfectly  recorded).  He  was  published,  Jan.  18,  1749,  to  marry  Elizabeth 
Bulfinch.  He  served  the  town  as  one  of  the  clerks  of  the  market  from  1754  to  1758 
inclusive,  and  was  again  elected  in  1763,  but  declined  to  serve.  He  united  with  the  Old 
South  Church,  Nov.  7,  1770,  and  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1762. 

Benjamin  Brown,  Jr.  (1756),  tanner,  of  Boston  and  Reading,  son  of  Dea.  Benjamin 
and  Mary  Brown,  was  born  in  Boston,  April  5,  1728.  His  first  wife  was  Hannah  Swain. 
She  died  in  1771,  and  his  second  wife  was  Elizabeth  Wiley,  widow  of  Ebenezer,  and 
daughter  of  Elias  Bryant,  of  Stoneham.  His  parents  removed  to  Reading  some  years 
prior  to  the  Revolution.  His  father  bought  and  resided  on  what  is  now  known  as  the 
"Lucius  Beebe  farm."  Benjamin  Brown,  Jr.  (1756),  was  by  trade  a  tanner.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Reading  infantry  company,  and  by  successive  promotions  became  its 
captain.  He  was  a  colonel  in  the  Continental  Army,  and,  in  1776,  served  at  Ticon- 
deroga.  Subsequently,  he  was  promoted,  and,  in  1784,  held  the  position  of  brigadier- 
general  in  the  militia.     He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1760. 

Benjamin  Brown,  Jr.  (1756),  was  town  clerk  of  Reading  from  1775  to  1777  ;  select- 
man from  1772  to  1776,  and  in  1778-9,  1781,  1783,  1788,  1791,  and  1792;  representative 
to  the  General  Court  in  1778  and  1809,  and  a  delegate  to  the  first  provincial  congress 
in  1774.  He  also  was  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and  for  many  years  (1779-1801)  was  a 
deacon  of  the  First  Church  in  Reading. 

Gen.  Brown  (1756)  sold  his  farm  not  long  before  his  death,  and  removed  to  the 
house  owned  in  1875  by  Mrs.  Fred  B.  Eaton,  where  he  died  in  1801,  aged  seventy- 
three  years.  It  is  recorded  on  his  gravestone  :  "Justice  and  benevolence  sat  governing 
upon  his  brow;  while  his  generous  soul  was  an  alleviating  source  to  the  distressed. 
Judgment  and  information  completed  every  sentence  in  his  conversation ;  conjugal 
affection  and  parental  care  added  a  laurel  to  his  magnanimity ;  and  in  every  station  of 
life  he  was  a  rich  blessing  to  society,  a  friend  to  the  community,  a  prudent  and  pious 
counsellor,  and  a  humble  member  of  that  religion  which  now  completes  his  eternal 
peace." 

Jonathan  Cary  (1756),  keg-maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Jonathan  (1740)  and 
Sarah  Roy  [Ray]  Cary,  was  born  July  9,  1725.     He  resided  in  Henchman's  Lane. 

Jonathan,  Sr.  (1740),  was  quite  prominent  in  town  affairs,  but  Jonathan,  Jr.  (1756), 
is  mentioned  in  the  records  only  as  taking  the  census  of  the  town  in  1776,  when  he  was 
selected  as  a  census  taker  from  Ward  5.  In  the  militia  he  attained  the  grade  of  captain. 
A  Jonathan  Cary  was  published  to  marry  Sarah  Putnam,  June  17,  1771. 

Daniel   Boyer  1,1756).     Authority:   Boston  to  his  wife,  from  Ticonderoga,  dated  Aug.  31,  1776, 

Records.  may  be  read  in  the  Appendix,   pp.    1711-1712    of 

Benjamin  Brown,  Jr.  (1756).   Authorities:  Mr.  Eaton's  "History  of  Reading." 
Boston  Records;   Eaton's  Hist,  of  Reading.  Jonathan  Cary  (1756).    Authority  :  Boston 

A  copy  of  a  letter  written  by  Mr.  Brown  ( 1 756)  Records. 


1756]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  8  I 

Jonas  Clark  (1756),  brazier,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  and  Margaret  Clark,  was  born 
in  Boston,  Aug.  1,  1726.     He  married,   (1)  Oct.  2,  1749,  Elizabeth  Lillie,  daughter  of 

William  and  Mary  Lillie,  born  May  8,  1723;  (2)  Prudence ,  who  died  Dec.  13, 

1789,  aged  sixty-seven  years.  He  resided  in  Black-horse  Lane  (Prince  Street),  where 
he  died  Nov.  30,  1790,  aged  sixty-four  years. 

He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1762,  and  ensign  in  1770.  Ensign 
Jonas  (1756)  was  a  nephew  of  Capt.  Timothy  Clarke  (1702).  He  was  clerk  of  the 
market  in  1766,  and,  July  14,  1761,  was  appointed  by  the  selectmen  one  of  the  town 
watch. 

John  Deming  (1756)  was  a  merchant  in  Boston.  He  was  published,  (1)  Jan.  30, 
1745,  to  marry  Mary  Howell.  He  married  (published),  (2)  Feb.  13,  1752,  Sarah  West. 
She  died  June  16,  1783,  and  he  marrie_d  (3)  Sarah  How,  Sept.  19,  1783.  Elizabeth 
Deming,  wife  of  John  (1756),  died  Oct.  3,  1793,  aged  sixty  years,  and  was  buried  from  his 
dwelling  on  Newbury  (Washington)  Street. 

Capt.  Deming  (1756)  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1762,  and 
ensign  in  1 77 1 .  He  served  as  one  of  the  clerks  of  the  market  from  1754  to  1757  inclu- 
sive; made  the  general  walk  or  visitation  of  the  town  Feb.  21,  1763,  being  appointed 
from  Ward  12,  and,  July  10,  1771,  visited  officially  the  public  schools.  He  united  with 
the  Old  South  Church,  June  21,  1741,  and  was  an  active  member  for  more  than  half  a 
century.  In  1779-80,  he  was  appointed  on  a  committee  to  "methodize"  the  State 
accounts,  and  also  to  settle  with  the  Continental  soldiers  of  the  State. 

Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Sarah  Dolbeare, 
was  born  July  24,  1711.  He  married,  (1)  June  18,  1741,  Hannah  Vincent,  who  died 
June  2,  1763  ;  and,  (2)  March  29,  1764,  Elizabeth  Dowding,  who  died  in  May,  1789. 
Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756)  died  Jan.  26,  1787.  He  resided  in  Wing's  Lane,  now  Elm 
Street.  ' 

Edmund  Dolbeare,  and  his  sons  John  and  Joseph,  came  to  America  from  Ashburton, 
County  Devon,  England,  about  1664.  The  sons  learned  the  trade  of  their  father,  who 
was  a  pewterer.  Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756),  son  of  John,  carried  on  the  pewterer's  and 
ironmonger's  trades  in  the  same  shop  in  Dock  Square  which  his  father  occupied.  John 
Dolbeare  died  June  20,  1740,  when  the  business  was  taken  charge  of  by  Benjamin  (1756). 

March  13,  1748,  the  town  proceeded  to  consider  "what  it  is  best  to  do  with  their 
lands  and  buildings  at  the  head  of  dock  formerly  leased  to  Mr.  John  Dolbeare,  deceased." 
Mr.  Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756),  "son  of  the  aforesaid  Mr.  John  Dolbeare,"  showing  that 
his  late  father's  lease  had  not  expired,  that  article  in  the  warrant  was  dismissed. 

Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756)  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1761. 
He  was  prominent  in  town  affairs.  He  was  elected  constable  in  1738,  but  paid  the  fine 
rather  than  serve;  tithing-man  in  1752,  and  served  as  overseer  of  the  poor  for  twenty 
consecutive  years,  —  from  1757  to  1776,  —  and,  declining  to  serve  longer  in  that  office, 
the  town  voted,  March  n,  1777,  "that  the  thanks  of  the  Town  be  &  hereby  are  given 

Jonas   Clark   (1756).      Authority:   Boston  Deming  called  here  [Stoughton],  on  his  way  to  Col. 

Records.  Gridley's." 

John  Deming  (1756).    Authorities :  Boston  Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756).    Authorities: 

Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Boston  Records;   Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church, 

Ed.  1842.  Vol.  II.,  pp.  53,  54;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. 

Under  date  of  Nov.  24,  1775,  Ezekiel   Price  Company,  Ed.   1842;    New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen. 

wrote  in  his  diary:    "In  the  afternoon,  uncle  John  Reg.,  1893. 


82  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  ■  [i756 

to  Mr  Benjamin  Dolbeare  [1756]  for  his  faithful  services  as  an  Overseer  of  the  Poor  for 
many  years  past."  He  visited  the  public  schools  in  1759,  and  during  eleven  years  — 
between  1750  and  1767 — made  the  general  walk  or  visitation  of  the  town  with  the  prin- 
cipal citizens  of  the  place,  according  to  the  custom  of  those  times. 

Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756)  owned  the  covenant,  Feb.  21,  1741-2.  A  month  later, 
his  son,  Benjamin  (Harv.  Coll.,  1763),  was  baptized.  The  latter  was  lost  overboard  in 
the  spring  of  1767,  when  returning  from  London  to  Boston.  A  stone  has  recently  been 
uncovered  on  the  building  16  and  17  Dock  Square,  with  the  inscription  :  "Rebuilt  1746 
by  B.  Dolbeare." 

John  Dolbeare's  tomb,  erected  in  1725,  was  No.  50  in  the  Common  Burial-Ground. 
Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756),  his  two  wives,  and  daughter  Sarah,  were  buried  there. 

Robert  Jenkins,  3d  (1756),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Robert  and  Elizabeth 
Jenkins,  was  born  in  Boston,  April  6,  1725.  He  was  published  to  marry  Persis  Kent, 
March  22,  1760.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1761,  clerk  from 
1765  to  1767,  ensign  in  1769,  lieutenant  in  1772,  and  its  captain  in  1790.  He  served 
as  clerk  of  the  market  in  1766.  He  was  a  member  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  and  was 
clerk  of  the  parish.    ' 

In  the  early  Masonic  records,  the  names  "Robert  Jenkins"  and  "Robert  Jenkins, 
Jun.,"  frequently  occur,  and  it  is  difficult  to  distinguish  between  them,  as  the  word 
"  junior  "  is  sometimes  omitted. 

Capt.  Jenkins  (1756)  died  Aug.  20,  1797,  aged  seventy-three  years,  and  was  buried 
from  his  home  in  Summer  Street,  the  Artillery  Company,  in  uniform  and  with  side  arms, 
preceding  the  corpse.     His  widow  married  Dea.  Moses  Grant. 

Edward  Proctor  (1756),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Hannah  Proctor, 
was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  28,  1733,  and  died  Nov.  1,  181 1,  aged  seventy-eight  years. 
He  was  published  to  marry  Judith  Clark,  Sept.  26,  1754.  She  died  March  15,  1790, 
aged  fifty-eight  years.  He  married,  Aug.  22,  1790,  Mary  Adams,  and  the  Centinel 
announced  "Mary  Proctor,  consort  of  Col.  Edward  Proctor  [1756],  died  November  [1], 
1790,  aged  44  years."  He  married,  June  16,  1791,  Hannah  Atkins,  who  died  Oct.  31, 
1832,  aged  eighty-seven  years.  His  grandfather,  Edward,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1699. 

Col.  Edward  (1756)  was  an  importer  of  West  India  goods,  at  the  sign  of  the 
"  Schooner,"  in  Fish  (North)  Street,  at  the  North  End,  before  the  Revolutionary  War, 
after  which  he  was  in  the  auction  business  at  No.  1  Union  Street.  He  was  a  prominent 
citizen  of  Boston,  an  officer  in  the  local  military,  an  ardent  patriot,  a  member  of  the 
Tea  Party,  was  one  of  the  committee  selected  by  the  town  to  obtain  the  resignations  of 
the  consignees  of  the  tea,  and  commanded  the  guard  detailed  to  watch  the  tea  ship 
"Dartmouth"  on  the  night  of  Nov.  29,  1773. 

The  proclamation  of  the  "  King  of  the  Mohawks,"  of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  on 
the  next  two  pages,  appears  to  be  in  Col.  Proctor's  (1756)  handwriting.  The  original 
was  in  the  possession  of  the  late  Mr.  Jeremiah  Colburn,  of  Boston. 

In  connection  with  his  West  India  goods  store,  it  would  seem  that  for  a  time  he 
kept  a  tavern.     In  the  selectmen's  minutes,  under  date  of  Jan.  31,  1764,  we  are  informed 

Edward  Proctor  (1756).  Authorities  :  Bos-      Rambles  in  Old  Boston ;  Early  Masonic  Records, 
ton  Records;  Crane's  Tea  Leaves  of  1773;  Porter's 


1756J  'HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  83 

that  "Mr.  Proctor  [1756],  who  keeps  the  Schooner  tavern  in  Fish  Street,  acquainted  the 
selectmen  that  a  maid  in  his  house  was  supposed  to  have  the  small-pox."  He  was  urged 
by  the  selectmen  to  consent  to  her  removal,  but  his  answer  was  deferred  until  the  after- 


.  HK^ut*/  d£i^4«yvts/  U/l/6977y,  im4£*U£  S&y:  /Ztt-u^J 


84  .  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND 


[1756 


noon,  when  the  selectmen  received  the  following  :  "  I  have  thought  upon  the  affair,  and 
am  determined,  not  to  have  my  children  moved  upon  any  account.  Your  most  obed'  Hum. 
Serv1  Edward  Proctor."  The  selectmen  put  out  a  flag,  and  stationed  a  guard  at  the 
house. 

He  was  a  warden  of  the  town  in  1773  ;  overseer  of  the  poor  from  1775  to  1783,  etc. ; 

^f^ft-^rr'^ulJ  t-P/mr/iZridui/  fy^m/uusrvw.  ot^xk^s^uZ? 

*■/-*-  u£rrnJ,A*D  ~tffc£7tffi Jlr-t?SU4^  *f^%U0ASj£> 

ti  -tfci,  <&*Llj  ^feSy «^^^  ^fe^- 
iff*  J  OV7Z&&2WZC&. 


1756]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  85 

fireward  from  1774  to  1789,  and  served  on  many  important  committees,  —  the  most 
important  of  which,  perhaps,  was  the  Committee  of  Correspondence,  Safety,  and  Inspec- 
tion of  1776,  when  he  was  associated  with  Samuel  Adams,  John  Hancock,  Paul  Revere, 
and  other  patriots.  Two  persons  were  chosen  from  each  ward,  in  1773,  to  petition  the 
General  Court  for  a"n  act  empowering  the  town  to  erect,  support,  and  defend  street  lamps. 
Capt.  Edward  Proctor  (1756)  and  Paul  Revere  were  chosen  from  Ward  4.  Capt.  Proc- 
tor (1756)  was  long  connected  with  the  military,  becoming  captain  in  1763.  He  was  in 
active  service  during  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel  of  the 
Boston  regiment. 

Col.  Proctor  (1756)  was  one  of  the  stalwart  men  of  Boston.  He  was  full  of  energy, 
activity,  and  work.  The  colonial  cause  had  in  him  a  devoted  servant,  who  gave  to  that 
cause  untiring  effort.  In  town  meeting,  on  important  committees,  or  at  the  head  of  his 
command,  he  was  prompt,  efficient,  and  thoroughly  loyal. 

Col.  Proctor  (1756)  became  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity  in  1765,  when  he 
joined  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  of  Boston.  He  was  worshipful  master  of  that  lodge 
from  1774  to  1776,  and,  after  holding  various  offices  in  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  he  was  unanimously  chosen  junior  grand  warden,  March  1,  1782. 

In  1 79 1  Col.  Edward  Proctor  (1756)  purchased  the  mansion  house  on  North  Ben- 
net  Street,  which  John  Steele  bought  of  Thomas  Lee,  Sr.,  in  1734.  The  colonel's  heirs 
sold  it  in  1815  to  Isaac  Harris,  who  resided  there  until  1869.  Col.  Proctor  (1756) 
resided  there  from  1791  until  his  decease.  The  Centinel  of  Nov.  2,  1811,  said,  after 
announcing  his  death  :  "  Funeral  from  his  mansion  house  in  North  Bennet  Street,  Mon- 
day p.  m.,  Nov.  4."     His  tomb  was  No.  16,  Copp's  Hill  Burial-Ground. 

Nathaniel  Ridgeway  (1756),  "  taylor,"  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Naomi  Ridge- 
way,  was  born  in  Boston,  May  10,  1729.  His  brother,  Samuel,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1756.  Nathaniel  (1756)  was  by  trade  a  tailor,  and  in  1761  lived  near  Clark's 
Wharf.  His  family  was  afflicted  by  the  epidemic  of  that  year,  and  his  child  was  removed 
to  the  hospital.     In  1756  he  was  elected  constable,  but  was  excused  from  serving. 

Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.  (1756),  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Naomi  Ridgeway,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Jan.  2,  1726.  His  brother,  Nathaniel,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in   1756. 

Capt.  Samuel,  Jr.  (1756),  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1761.  He 
served  as  a  constable  of  Boston  in  1753,  was  drawn  as  a  juror,  Aug.  24,  1770,  and 
"Capt."  Samuel  Ridgeway  (1756)  was  elected  a  warden  from  1775  to  1777  inclusive. 

John  Wood  (1756),  of  Boston,  son  of  Richard  and  Hannah  Wood,  was  born  Oct. 
16,  1 7 19.     He  is  not  mentioned  in  the  Record  Commissioners'  Reports.1 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1756  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  5th.   1756.     The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  unanimously  Voted, 
That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ebenezer  Pemberton  of  Boston  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery 

Nathaniel    Ridgeway   (1756).     Authority:  'See  Sewall's  Woburn,  p.  348,  for  interesting 

Boston  Records.  account  of  John  Wood,  son  of  JoTin  (1756). 

Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.  (1756).   Authority: 
Boston  Records. 


86  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['756 


Election  Sermon,  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers  of  the  Company,  Capt  John 
Symmes  [1733],  Lt  Thomas  Savage  [1739],  &  En.  Newman  Greenough  [1740],  & 
John  Phillips,  Esqr.  [1725]  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the 
same.  Attest :     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk. 

"May  3'd.  The  C  mpany  being  under  Arms,  Capt  John  Symmes  [1733],  being 
one  of  the  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ebenezer  Pemberton,  to  desire  him 
to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  to  the  Company  that  he  had 
accepted  the  same. 

"The  Evening  being  spent  at  Ensign  Greenough's  [1740]  house,  It  was  there 
Voted,  That  thirteen  pounds,  six  shillings  &  eight  pence,  lawful  money,  be  paid  by  the 
Treasurer  of  the  Company  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of 
the  dinner  upon  the  ensuing  Election  Day,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted, 
that  there  be  a  Committee  chosen,  of  two  members  of  the  Company,  to  go  as  soon  as 
may  be  to  Col.  Blanchard  [1737]  &  others  at  Dunstable,  and  press  them  for  payment  of 
the  money  due  from  them  to  the  Company.  Voted,  that  John  Phillips,  Esqr  [1725], 
and  Capt  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]  be  the  persons  to  go  to  Dunstable,  and  in  case  the  said 
John  Phillips  Esqr  [1725],  cannot  attend  to  go/that  Mr.  William  Taylor  [1738]  proceed 
with  Capt  Jackson  [1738],  in  his  room.  Voted,  That  Maj.  John  Wendell  [1735],  Capt 
Thomas  Savage  [1739],  and  Mr.  John  Leverett  [1750]  be  a  committee  to  take  the 
advice  of  some  able  lawyer  about  Col.  Blanchard  [1737]  &  others'  bond,  and  get  the 
same  calculated  by  Mr.  Samuel  Winthrop,  Clerk  of  the  Superiour  Court,  and  then  draw 
up  such  instructions  as  they  may  think  proper  to  give  the  committee  that  are  going  to 
Dunstable.     The  charges  of  both  Committees  to  be  borne  by  the  Company. 

"Attest:    Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk. 

"June  7th.  The  Evening  being  spent  at  Capt.  John  Welch's  [1736],  it  was  Voted, 
That  the  old  Commission  Officers,  Capt  John  Symmes  [1733],  Lt  Thomas  Savage  [1739], 
&  En.  Newman  Greenough  [1740],  with  the  Treasurer,  John  Phillips,  Esqr.  [1725]  be  a 
committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ebenezer  Pemberton  and  return  him  the  thanks  of 
this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached  before  them  this  day.1 

"Attest:    Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk, 

"September  6th.  The  Evening  being  spent  at  Lt  Thomas  Drowne's  [1737],  the 
following  Votes  were  there  passed,  viz  :  Voted,  That  every  member  of  this  Company 
have  a  bayonett  fitted  to  their  firelocks  as  soon  as  may  be.  Voted,  That  every  person 
admitted  into  this  Company  for  the  future  shall  provide  for  them  selves,  and  appear  on 
each  of  our  training  days,  with  a  Blue  Coat  and  a  gold-laced  hat. 

"Attest,     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk." 

Rev.  Ebenezer  Pemberton,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1756.  He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Ebenezer  Pemberton,  pastor  of  the  Old  South  Church,  who 
delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1701  and  1709.  Rev.  Ebenezer  Pemberton, 
Jr.,  was  born  Feb.  6,  1704-5,  and  was  baptized  Feb.  n.  He  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1721,  and  became  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church,  April  25,  1725.     In 

Rev.  Ebenezer  Pemberton.     Authorities:  the  Occasion,  preached  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Pemberton 

Robbins's  Hist,  of  Second  Church;   Hill's  Hist,  of  of  this  Town,  the  said  Company  made  choice  of  Mr. 

Old  South  Church.  John  Welch  [1736]   for  their  Captain,  Mr.  Thomas 

1  "  Monday  last  being  the  Anniversary  for  the  Drowne  [1737]  Lieutenant,  and  Capt.  William  Tay- 

Election  of  the  Officers  of  the  ancient  and  honour-  lor  [1738]  for  the  present  year."  —  Boston  Evening 

able  Artillery  Company,  after  a  Sermon  suitable  to  Post,  June  14,  1756. 


,757]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  87 

the  earlier  part  of  his  life  he  was  a  chaplain  at  Castle  William.  In  April,  1727,  he 
received  an  invitation  to  settle  as  pastor  of  the  First  Presbyterian  Church  in  New  York 
City,  which  he  accepted,  and  was  ordained  Aug.  9  of  that  year.  He  continued  as  pastor 
of  this  church  for  twenty-two  years.  At  the  end  of  that  term,  when  Mr.  Pemberton 
requested  his  dismission,  the  presbytery  testified,  by  letter,  to  Mr.  Pemberton's  "minis- 
terial dignity,  abilities,  and  success,  and  their  cheerful  recommendation  of  him  as  an 
eminently  endowed  and  highly  esteemed  preacher."  He  soon  after  (in  1754)  settled 
as  the  fourth  and  last  pastor  of  the  New  Brick  Church. 

He  was  a  sympathizer  with  Gov.  Hutchinson,  and  was  suspected  of  attachment  to 
the  Tory  interest.  As  the  war  of  the  Revolution  approached,  Dr.  Pemberton's  health 
declined,  and  his  parish  became  small.  The  house  was  closed  in  April,  1775,  and 
Mr.  Pemberton  retired  to  Andover.  He  died  Tuesday,  Sept.  9,  1779,  after  a  long 
confinement. 


The  officers  of   the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1757  were:  Thomas 

J  7  Cy <  Savage  (1739),  captain;  Newman  Greenough   (1740),  lieutenant;  William 

'   ^ '       Simpkins  (1739),  ensign.     Joseph  Mann  (1754)  was  first  sergeant;  Thomas 

Carnes  (1754),  second  sergeant;  Henry  Perkins  (1755),  third  sergeant;  Isaac  Decoster 

(1755),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Torrey,  Jr.  (1752),   clerk. 

At  the  town  meeting  in  March,  1757,  it  was  voted  that  "  the  Thanks  of  the  Town  be 
&  hereby  is  given  to  Hon.  Jacob  Wendell  Esq.  [1733  |,  for  faithful  service  as  an  over- 
seer of  the  poor  for  twenty  years  past." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1757  were  :  Samuel  Emmes, 
John  Head,  John  Soley. 

Samuel  Emmes  (1757),  of  Boston,  was  a  constable  in  1744,  and  hog-reeve  in  1748. 
From  1740  to  1744  he  was  a  member  of  the  fire  company  which  had  charge  of  the 
"copper  engine  "  at  the  westerly  part  of  the  town.  The  engine-house  was  on  Hancock 
Street.  The  engine  was  called  the  "  West  Boston  engine,"  but  was  later  named  "  Hero, 
No.  6."  He  was  re-elected  to  town  office  in  1763,  and  was  appointed  to  office  in  1768. 
He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1759. 

John  Head  (1757),  merchant,  of  Boston,  resided  in  Cornhill  in  1762,  and  in  Rox- 
bury  in  1763.  Mr.  Drake  thinks  that  Mr.  Head  (1757)  succeeded  Mr.  James  Smith,  on 
his  decease  in  1769,  in  the  business  of  sugar-refining.  June  23,  1742,  the  "  Hon.  John 
Head  [1757],"  with  the  governor  and  others,  visited  the  public  schools.  He  was  first 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1763.  He  attended  the  festival  of  St.  John  the 
Baptist,  at  the  King's  Arms  tavern  on  Boston  Neck,  June  24,  1769.  May  14,  1782, 
Joseph  Head  administered  on  the  estate  of  his  father,  John  Head,  Esq.  (1757),  deceased. 

John  Soley  (1757),  merchant,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  John  and  Dorcas  (Coffin) 
Soley,  of  Charlestown,  was  born  in  that  town  June  5,  1722.  He  married,  Oct.  n,  1759, 
Hannah  Cary,  daughter  of  Samuel  Cary,  of  Charlestown,  by  whom  he  had  eight  children, 

Samuel  Emmes  (1757).  Authority  :  Boston  Records;  John  Rowe's  Diary;  Drake's  Hist,  of 
Records.  Boston ;  Suffolk  County  Probate  Records. 

John   Head  (1757)-     Authorities:   Boston  John  Soley  (1757)-    Authority:   Wyman's 

Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


88  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l?57 

of  whom  one  was  Hon.  John  Soley,  who  married,  in  1804,  Rebecca  Tyng  Hendley, 
daughter  of  Col.  Samuel  Hendley  (1746). 

Jan.  13,  1762,  and  each  year  thereafter  until  Feb.  10,  1768,  John  Soley  (1757)  was 
included  in  the  list,  annually  reported  by  the  selectmen  to  the  assessors  of  the  town,  of 
persons,  "  inhabitants  of  other  towns  in  this  province,  who  ought  to  be  taxed  here  for 
the  real  estate  they  occupy  and  the  business  they  do  here,  it  being  agreeable  to  law." 

John  Soley  (1757)  moved  from  Charlestown  to  Boston  about  1768,  thence  to 
Billerica  about  1772  ;  and  there  he  died,  Nov.  18,  1801. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1757  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  8.  1757.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Samuel  Checkley,  Jun.  of  Boston,  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon ;  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer  John  Phillips, 
Esq.  [1725]  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same.  The  evening  being 
spent  at  Sergeant  Bakers  [1751],  it  was  there  Voted  unanimously,  That  the  Company 
march  to  Roxbury  on  their  training  day  in  May  next  &  that  each  person  pay  their  pro- 
portion of  the  extraordinary  expenses. 

"  May  2'd.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  Capt  John  Welch  [1736],  being  one 
of  the  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Checkley,  Jun.  to  desire  him  to  preach 
the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  to  the  Company,  that  he  had  accepted  the 
same.  The  Evening  being  spent  at  Sergt  Jones'  [1754],  it  was  there  Voted,  That  there 
be  a  committee  chosen  to  take  care  to  get  the  money  due  to  the  Company  from  Col. 
Blanchard  [1737]  and  others  at  Dunstable  as  soon  as  may  be.  Voted,  That  this  com- 
mittee consist  of  three  members  of  this  Company,  viz.  Capt  John  Welch  [1736],  Lieut 
Thomas  Drowne  [1737],  Capt  Thomas  Savage  [1739].  Voted,  That  the  above  named 
Committee  be  fully  empowered  to  take  the  most  prudent  &  proper  measures  they  think 
fit,  in  order  to  procure  the  money  of  the  above-named  Col.  Blanchard  [1737]  and  others. 

"  Voted,  That  thirteen  pounds,  six  shillings  and  eight  pence,  lawful  money,  be  paid  by 
the  Treasurer  of  the  Company  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges 
of  the  dinner  upon  the  ensuing  Election  Day,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them. 

"Attest,     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk. 

"June  6th.  1757.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  old 
Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel 
Checkley,  Jun.  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company,  for  his  Sermon  preached 
before  them  this  day.  Attest    Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk." 

Rev.  Samuel  Checkley,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1757.  He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Samuel  Checkley,  of  Boston,  who  delivered  the  Artillery 
election  sermon  in  1725,  and  was  born  Dec.  27,  1723.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege in  1743,  and  settled,  Sept.  5,  1747,  as  the  minister  of  the  Old  North  Church,  Boston, 
being  the  "  successor  of  three  reverend  doctors  named  Mather,"  and  a  colleague  with 
Rev.  Joshua  Gee.  The  latter  died  May  22,  1748,  when  Mr.  Checkley  became  pastor  of 
the  church.  "  He  is  said  to  have  been  distinguished  for  a  peculiar  sort  of  eloquence, 
and  an  uncommon  felicity  in  the  devotional  service  of  public  worship."  He  died  March 
19,  1768. 

Rev.  Samuel  Checkley,  Jr.    Authority:  Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit. 


17S8]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  89 

Rev.  Samuel  Checkley,  Jr.,  was  a  grandson  of  Col.  Samuel  Checkley  (1678),  and  a 
relative  of  Anthony  Checkley,  Jr.  (1695),  whose  father,  Col.  Anthony  (1662),  was  a  half 
brother  of  Col.  Samuel  (1678). 


f1  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1758  were:   Newman 

[  V  CO.  Greenough   (1740),  captain;    John  Gore   (1743),  lieutenant;  Joseph  Gale 
•   «-'         (1744),  ensign.    Benjamin  Andrews  (1754)  was  first  sergeant ;  Francis  Whit- 
man (1755),  second  sergeant;  William  Hyslop  (1755),  third  sergeant;  Edward  Carnes 
(1755),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Edwards,  Jr.  (1747),  clerk. 

May  16,  1758,  Hugh  McDaniel  (1729)  petitioned  the  town  of  Boston  to  abate  him 
part  of  the  rent  of  a  house  and  land  on  the  Neck  he  hired  of  the  town  March  25,  1752, 
for  reasons  therein  mentioned.  A  committee  was  appointed  to  consider  the  petition, 
view  the  premises,  and  report.  The  committee  reported  to  the  town  that  the  piece  of 
land  "falls  short  in  measure  about  one  quarter  part"  of  what  was  stated  in  the  lease,  and 
that  Hugh  McDaniel  (1729)  should  be  granted  sixteen  pounds,  which  was  accepted  by 
the  town. 

Sept.  13,  1758,  Gen.  Amherst,  who  had  been  appointed  to  take  command  of  the 
British  Army  in  America,  landed  at  Boston.  The  harbor  was  full  of  transports  and  war 
ships,  and  the  town  was  full  of  soldiers.  Sept.  16,  Gen.  Amherst,  by  whose  vigorous 
efforts  nearly  the  whole  of  Canada  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  British  before  a  twelvemonth, 
at  the  head  of  nearly  five  thousand  men,  started  for  Albany. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1758  were  :  Nathaniel  Barber, 
Jr.,  William  Bordman,  Richard  Boylston,  James  Cunningham,  Thomas  Deering,  John 
Downe,  Edward  Jackson,  David  Jenkins,  Nathaniel  Loring,  Edward  Lyde,  William 
Murray,  Moses  Peck,  David  Spear,  Thomas  Symmes. 

Nathaniel  Barber,  Jr.  (1758),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Dorothy 
Barber,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  18,  1728.  He  married,  May  3,  1750,  Elizabeth 
Maxwell.  He  was  "  a  prominent  merchant  and  patriot  of  Boston,  —  one  of  the  famous 
'  Whig  Club '  of  ante-revolutionary  days,  in  which  were  James  Otis,  Dr.  Church,  Dr. 
Warren,  and  other  leaders  of  the  popular  party.  In  it  civil  rights  and  the  British  con- 
stitution were  standing  topics  for  discussion.  He  was  one  of  the  Committee  of  Corre- 
spondence, Inspection,  and  Safety,  from  its  creation  in  1772  to  1783,  and  was  naval 
officer  of  the  port  of  Boston  in  1774  and  until  his  decease.1  Prior  to  the  Revolution  he 
kept  an  insurance  office  in  Fish  (now  North)  Street."2 

In  1780  and  1782,  he  was  one  of  a  town  committee  to  raise  the  town's  quotas  of 
soldiers  for  the  Continental  Army.     He  is  called,  in  the  Boston  Records,  "Captain"  in 

Nathaniel  Barber,  Jr.  '1758).  Authorities:  charge  of  the  Duties  of  it  a  large  portion  of  his  time 

Boston  Records;    New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  has  been  taken  up,  and  he  in  the  begining  of  our 

igijo.  troubles  exposed  to  much   Personal  danger  —  that 

1  The  following  certificate  was  given  Col.  Barber  he  is  well  qualified   for   the   Post  he  sustains,  has 

(1758)  by  the  Committee  on  Correspondence,  In-  given  universal  Satisfaction  in  it,  and  depends  upon 

spection,  and  Safety,  Nov.  6,  1 776 :  —  his  continuance  on  it,  for  the  support  of  himself  and 

"This  may  Certifie  that  Nathaniel  Barber  Esq  a  numerous  Family  too  young  to  provide  for  them- 

[175S]   officer  for  the  Port  of  Boston,  has  ever  in  selves. 

the  most  public  manner  taken  the  part  of  his  injured  "  By  Order  of  the  Committee, 

Country  :   that  he  has  suffered  greatly  in  the  general  "  Ellis  Gray,  Chairman." 

Calamity,  that  he  has  been  a  faithful  member  of  this  2  Crane's  Tea  Leaves,  p.  95. 
Committee   from  its  first  Institution;    that  in  dis- 


90  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,75s 

1778,  "Major"  in  1779,  and  "Colonel"  in  1780.  He  was  present  at  the  meeting  of  the 
inhabitants  of  Boston  in  Watertown,  March  5,  1776,  and  was  prominent  in  the  com- 
memorative services  of  that  day,  serving  on  three  separate  committees.  June  24,  1773, 
he  attended  the  festival  of  St.  John  the  Baptist,  at  the  King's  Arms  tavern,  on  Boston 
Neck,  and  became  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  of  Boston,  in  1780. 

He  died  at  his  house  in  Beer  Lane,  now  Richmond  Street,  Oct.  13,  1787,  aged 
fifty-nine  years. 

The  following  appeared  in  the  Massachusetts  Centinel  on  Wednesday,  Oct.  17,  1787  : 

"On  Saturday  night  last,  departed  this  life  Nathaniel  Barber,  Esq.  [1758],  in  the 
fifty-ninth  year  of  his  age.  His  funeral  will  be  from  his  house  in  Beer  Lane,  Richmond 
Street,  to-morrow  afternoon  at  four  o'clock." 

Also,  in  the  same,  on  Saturday,  Oct.  20,  1787  :  — 

"On  the  13th  instant  died,  very  suddenly,  in  the  fifty-ninth  year  of  his  age,  and  on 
Thursday  last  were  respectfully  deposited  in  the  tomb  of  his  ancestors,  attended  by  the 
honorable  members  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  and  many  of  his  fellow- 
townsmen,  the  remains  of  Nathaniel  Barber,  Esq.  [1758],  naval  officer  of  the  port  of 
Boston.  A  numerous  family  mourn  their  loss,  the  public  regret  their  being  deprived 
of  a  faithful  and  approved  servant,  and  the  friends  of  liberty  could  but  drop  a  tear  over 
the  grave  of  so  known  and  tried  a  patriot.  His  attendance  and  integrity  in  the  cause  of 
his  country,  expressed  in  the  most  dangerous  and  trying  moments,  more  especially  as 
one  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence,  of  which  he  was  always  a  member,  marked 
his  character;  and  it  may  be  justly  said,  that  the  honest  fervor  which  distinguished  the 
friends  of  liberty  in  1775  was  retained  by  Col.  Barber  [1758],  in  its  full  warmth,  to  the 
moment  of  his  death." 

William  Bordman  (1758),  hatter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Andrew  and  Sarah  Bordman, 
of  Roxbury,  was  born  Nov.  6,  1724.  He  married,  Nov.  9,  1749,  Susanna,  daughter  of 
Capt.  Thomas  Stoddard  (1744).  William  Bordman  (1758)  was  probably  a  cousin  of 
Aaron  (1736).  He  was  extensively  engaged  in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  hats,  and 
in  the  fur  trade.  His  place  of  business  was  near  the  head  of  Ann  Street.  His  son, 
Thomas  Stoddard,  at  one  time  partner  in  business  with  him,  joined  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1774,  and  another  son,  William,  Jr.,  joined  in  1786. 

Capt.  William  (1758)  was  chosen  constable  in  1753,  but  refused  to  serve.  In  1772, 
Dea.  William  Bordman  (1758)  was  chosen  a  warden,  and,  in  1774,  one  of  the  committee 
on  "ways  and  means  for  supplying  the  poor."  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1764.  He  was  a  deacon  of  the  Second  Church  as  early  as  1771,  and  as  late 
as  1788.  He  was  active,  Feb.  9,  1788,  with  Paul  Revere  and  others,  in  the  ratification 
of  the  Federal  Constitution  by  a  public  procession  in  Boston.  He  contributed  toward 
the  purchase  of  the  new  bell,  cast  by  Paul  Revere  for  the  New  Brick  Church  in  1792. 
The  Second  Church  was  the  Old  North  until  1779,  when  it  was  united  with  the  New 
Brick. 

William  Bordman  (1758)  died  Feb.  19,  1806.  His  will,  proved  in  1806,  speaks  of 
his  workshop  and  land,  situated  back  of  his  mansion  house  in  Ann  Street,  which  he 
bequeathed  to  his  son,  Thomas  Stoddard  Bordman  (1774). 

William  Bordman  (1758).  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  MS.  of  Mr.  Joseph  C.  Whitney, 
of  Boston. 


,758]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  91 

Richard  Boylston  (1758),  brazier,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Richard  and  Mary  (Smith) 
Boylston,  of  Charlestown,  was  born  in  that  town  July  7,  1722.  He  married,  (1)  Mary 
Abraham,  April  16,  1747,  and  (2)  Parnel  Foster,  Oct.  13,  1763.  He  died  June  30, 
1807,  aged  eighty-five  years.  His  residence,  which  he  bought  of  his  father  in  1743-4, 
was  on  Main  Street.  He  was  possessed  of  considerable  real  estate,  detailed  by  Mr. 
Wyman,  including  one  and  a  half  acres  he  sold  to  the  United  States  for  the  navy  yard. 

Richard  Boylston  (1758)  was  a  great-grandson  of  Thomas  Boylston,  who  came  from 
London  in  the  "Defence"  in  1635,  and  settled  at  Watertown,  Mass.;  and,  probably,  a 
cousin  of  Ward  Nicholas  Boylston,  the  philanthropist,  for  whom  Boylston  Market,  for- 
merly corner  of  Washington  and  Boylston  streets,  was  named. 

James  Cunningham  (1758),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth 
(Wheeler)  Cunningham,  was  born  in  Boston,  April  24,  172  1.  He  married,  June  3,  1742, 
Elizabeth  Boylston.  Her  sister.  Susanna,  married,  Nov.  23,  1734,  Dea.  John  Adams,  of 
Braintree,  and  was  the  mother  of  President  John  Adams. 

Nov.  3,  1756,  he  appears  as  captain  of  the  South  Engine  Company,  a  position  in 
which  he  was  reconfirmed  by  the  selectmen  in  April,  1758.  At  this  time,  his  excellency 
the  governor,  upon  application  made  to  him,  excused  one  hundred  men  from  military 
duty  for  the  service  of  the  several  engines  in  the  town.  Capt.  Cunningham  (1758) 
being  at  the  head  of  Engine  Company  No.  8,  and  thereby  excused  from  military  duty, 
did  not  probably  retain  his  membership  in  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany. He  was  captain  or  master  of  the  engine  company  until  July  22,  1761,  when  he 
declined  to  serve  longer  in  that  capacity,  and,  Sept.  7,  1761,  he  rejoined  the  Artillery 
Company.  He  seems  to  have  been  proficient  as  a  fireman,  and  several  times  during  the 
five  years  of  service  as  a  fireman  his  company  obtained  the  premium  for  being  first  at 
the  fire.     He  pursued  his  trade,  in  1778,  in  company  with  his  brother  William  (1765). 

James  Cunningham  (1758)  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  major. 
He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1764,  and  its  captain  in  1768. 

Major  Cunningham  (1758)  died  June  5,  1795,  leaving  a  numerous  family  of  chil- 
dren, and  was  buried  at  Dedham. 

Thomas  Deering  (1758),  son  of  Henry  and  Elizabeth  Deering,  was  born  in  Boston, 
May  16,  1720.  He  was  a  grandson  of  Henry  Deering  (1682).  He  made  the  general 
walk  or  visitation  of  the  town  in  1753,  but  does  not  appear  to  have  held  any  town  office. 

John  Downe  (1758),  distiller,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  ( 1 7 16)  and  Sarah  (Dan- 
forth)  Downe,  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  2,  1732.  He  married,  about  1759,  Ann,  daugh- 
ter of  George  and  Anna  Holmes.  John  (1758)  was  a  relative  of  Thomas  Downe  (1733). 
He  was  chosen  constable  of  Boston  in  1756  and  1765. 

Aug.  27,  1766,  "Mr  John  Downes  [1758]  appointed  by  the  Sessions  a  measurer  of 
grain  &c  in  this  port,  applied  [to  the  selectmen]  for  scales  but  as  they  had  before  recom- 
mended three  persons  to  the  sessions  as  suitable  &  sufficient  for  that  trust  who  were 
accordingly  appointed  &  supplied  by  the  Selectmen  with  measures  and  scales,"  Mr. 
Downe's  (1758)  request  was  declined. 

Richard  Boylston  (175S).   Authority :  Wy-  John  Downe  (1758).    Authorities:  Boston 

man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates.  Records;   Early  Masonic  Records;   Suffolk  County 

James   Cunningham    (1758).     Authority:  Probate  Records. 
Records  of  Boston  and  Dedham. 


92  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  r_,7jg 

Mr.  Downe  (1758)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  St.  John's  Lodge,  of  Boston, 
March  27,  1754.  He  attended  the  feasts  of  St.  John  the  Baptist  in  1754,  1755,  1757, 
and  1759,  and  was  present  at  the  installation  of  Jeremy  Gridley  as  grand  master,  Oct.  1, 
1755.  He  was  present  in  Grand  Lodge  as  junior  warden  of  St.  John's  Lodge  in  1756,  and 
junior  warden  of  the  Masters'  Lodge  in  1757,  1758,  and  1759. 

His  son,  Nathaniel  Holmes  Downe,  who  entered  the  service  as  a  marine,  Jan.  26, 
1780,  on  the  ship  "Protector,"  commanded  by  Capt.  John  Foster  Williams,  was  captured 
May  5,  1781,  and  taken  to  Mill  Prison,  England.  He  was  exchanged  in  July,  1782, 
and  returned  to  Boston,  Aug.  14  next  following. 

April  16,  1773,  John  Downe  (1758)  was  appointed  guardian  of  Mary  Ann  and 
Nathaniel  Holmes  Downe.  As  Willis  Hall,  of  Medford,  was  appointed  guardian  of  the 
same  children,  May  7,  1779,  it  is  probable  that  John  Downe  (1758)  died  not  long  prior 
to  the  latter  date. 

Edward  Jackson  (1758),  innkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  (1738)  and  Susanna 
Jackson,  was  born  March  1,  1735.  He  married,  May  29,  1755,  Susanna  Dana,  by  whom 
he  had  a  son,  Samuel,  born  Sept.  2,  1759,  ar>d  a  daughter,  Mary,  baptized  Aug.  30,  1761. 
He  kept  a  tavern  in  the  centre  of  Brighton.  He  never  held  any  town  office  in  Boston. 
He  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  Revolutionary  War. 

Edward  Jackson  (1758)  was  a  brother  of  Rev.  Joseph  Jackson,  who  was  invited  to 
deliver  the  Artillery  sermon  in  1761,  but  declined.  They  were  brothers  of  Col.  Henry 
Jackson,  of  Boston. 

David  Jenkins  (i758)>  of  Boston,  son  of  David  and  Sarah  Jenkins,  of  Boston,  was 
born  Feb.  14,  1720,  and  married  Rebekah  Atkins,  Feb.  18,  1747.  He  was  elected  to 
office  in  the  town  in  1746,  and  was  continued  for  several  years.  He  also  made  several 
of  the  annual  visitations  or  walks  about  the  town  for  purposes  of  inspection,  etc.,  the  last 
time  being  in  1 761 .  He  was  a  member  of  the  local  militia,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of 
captain  in  the  Boston  regiment. 

Nathaniel  Loring  (1758),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Susanna  (But- 
ler) Loring,  was  born  June  n,  1713.  He  married,  (1)  June  7,  1739,  Mary,  daughter  of 
Edward  Gray,  of  Boston,  who  was  the  owner  of  the  rope-walks  where  occurred  the  differ- 
ences which  originated  the  Boston  Massacre;  (2),  June  18,  1749.  Mary  Gyles,  of  Rox- 
bury.  He  held  a  town  office  in  1752,  and  subsequently,  prior  to  1765,  he  made  the 
general  and  annual  walk  or  visitation  of  the  town  on  several  occasions.  His  father  was 
one  of  the  early  and  prominent  members  of  the  New  Brick  Church,  joining  it  May  23, 
1722.     Nathaniel  (1758)  was  baptized  in  the  Second  Church,  June  14,  1713. 

Mr.  Loring  (1758)  was  a  merchant,  and  his  place  of  business  was  near  Faneuil  Hall. 
In  1750,  he  was  on  the  grand  jury.  He  was  appointed  guardian  for  his  daughter  Hannah, 
for  property  bequeathed  to  her  by  her  uncle,  Joseph  Heath,  of  Roxbury,  who  gave  his 
sister,  Mrs.  Loring,  five  hundred  acres  of  land  in  Shrewsbury.  He  also  officiated  as  a 
visitor  of  the  public  schools  during  several  years  prior  to  1768.     He  died  in  1770. 

Edward  Jackson  (1758).    Authority  :  Bos-  Nathaniel    Loring    (1758).      Authorities: 

ton  Records.  Boston  Records;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg., 

David  Jenkins  ( 1 75S).    Authority:  Boston  1853. 
Records. 


,7S8]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  93 

Edward  Lyde  (1758),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Edward  Lyde  (1702),  was  born 
Dec.  29,  1725,  and  married  Katherine  Gouch  (Gooch),  Jan.  15,  1765.  He  served  as 
clerk  of  the  market  in  1768. 

Capt.  Lyde  (1758)  was  proscribed  and  banished  by  the  State  in  1778. 

William  Murray  (1758)  became  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  of  Boston,  in  1773. 
He  attended  the  installation  of  Jeremy  Gridley  as  grand  master,  Oct.  1,  1755,  and  of 
John  Rowe  as  grand  master,  Nov.  28,  1768.  He  was  present  in  Grand  Lodge  on  several 
occasions  between  1756  and  1768. 

William  Murray  (1758)  never  held  any  office  in  the  town  of  Boston.  He  was 
second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1 761.  He  embarked  for  Halifax  with  the 
royal  army  in  1776. 

Moses  Peck  (1758),  watchmaker,  of  Boston,  married,  Jan.  17,  1758,  Elizabeth 
Townsend,  who  died  at  Boston,  June  25,  1793,  aged  sixty-two  years.  Capt.  Moses  Peck 
(1758)  died  in  Boston,  March  27,  1801,  aged  eighty-three  years,  at  No.  63  Cornhill, 
where  the  funeral  services  took  place  March  30. 

He  became  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church,  May  23,  1742.  He  served  as  one 
of  the  clerks  of  the  market  four  years,  —  from  1755  to  1758, —  and  was  elected  constable 
in  1756,  but  declined.  Aug.  24,  1770,  he  was  drawn  as  a  juror  for  the  August  court. 
He  was  drafted,  Dec.  18,  1776,  as  one  of  the  quota  of  Boston  ordered  by  the  General 
Court  to  reinforce  the  Continental  Army  at  or  near  New  York.  June  9,  1779,  he  con- 
tracted with  the  town  to  keep  the  North  Church  clock  in  good  repair,  according  to  the 
vote  of  the  town,  which  contract  was  continued  for  two  years. 

David  Spear  (1758),  cooper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Collier) 
Spear,  of  Braintree  and  Hull,  was  born  in  1726,  in  Hull,  Mass.  He  was  published  (1) 
Jan.  25,  1749,  to  marry  Elizabeth  Oliver,  of  Annapolis,  N.  B. ;  (2)  Feb.  27,  1755,  to 
marry  Sarah,  daughter  of  Thomas  Stoddard  (1744)-  She  died  Jan.  17,  i79i,and  he 
married,  (3)  May  2,  1791,  Mrs.  Mary  (Hammett)  Holland.  She  died  June  17,  1799, 
and  he  married,  (4)  Aug.  7,  1800,  Sarah  Loring,  daughter  of  Samuel,  of  Hull,  Mass. 
She  died  March  12,  1828.     Mr.  Spear  (1758I  died  in  Boston,  July  8,  1803. 

The  Columbian  Centinal,  of  Jan.  19,  1791,  says:  "Patience  Capen,  wife  of  Hope- 
still  [1763],  who  died  Jan.  19,  1791,  aged  57,  was  a  sister  of  Sarah,  wife  of  Capt.  David 
Spear  [1758],  who  died  Jan.  17,  1791,  aged  58  years." 

Capt.  Spear  (1758)  was  chosen  by  the  town  a  culler  of  staves  and  hoops  from 
1754  to  1774  inclusive,  also,  in  1781,  1782,  and  1783  ;  a  juryman  for  the  April  term  of 
the  Inferior  Court  in  177 1,  and  for  a  Maritime  Court,  Aug.  9,  1786.  Aug.  9,  1779,  he 
was  appointed  one  of  a  committee  for  the  purpose  of  procuring  subscriptions  to  fortify 
the  harbor. 

There  was  a  great  fire  in  Boston,  on  Spear's  Wharf,  March  10,  1802,  which 
consumed  ten  stores.  The  fire  extended  to  the  stores  on  Long  Wharf,  and  Nos.  2  to  8 
inclusive  were  entirely  destroyed,  with  their  contents.     Nos.  9  and  10,  Long  Wharf, 

Edward  Lyde  (1758).    Authorities :  Boston  Moses   Peck  (1758).     Authority:    Boston 

Records;   Sabine's  American  Loyalists.  Records. 

William  Murray  (1758).  Authorities:  Early  David  Spear  (1758).    Authorities:  Boston 

Masonic  Records;   Sabine's  American  Loyalists.     '  Records;  MS.  of  William  G.  Spear,  of  Quincy,  Mass. 


94  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I758 

were  pulled  down  to  arrest  the  flames.     John  Osborn,  Jr.  (1764),  and  others,  inserted  in 
the  newspapers  of  March  13,  1802,  cards  of  thanks  to  the  firemen. 

David  Spear  (1758)  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1763,  and 
ensign  in  1768.     He  is  called  "Captain  "  in  1779,  in  the  Boston  Records. 

Thomas  Symmes  (1758),  of  Boston,  only  son  of  Col.  John  (1733)  and  Martha 
Symmes,  and  cousin  of  Col.  Andrew,  Jr.  (1760),  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  8,  1729.  He 
married  (published),  Feb.  22,  1753,  Rebecca  Marshall,  of  Boston. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1758  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  3'd,  1758.  The  Company  being  under  Arms  in  Faneuil  Hall,  Voted,  That 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Barnard  of  Salem  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon,  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers  with  the  Treasurer,  John  Phillips, 
Esq.  [1725]  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"Attest:     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk. 

"May  1st.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  Capt  Thomas  Savage  [1739],  being 
one  of  the  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Barnard  to  desire  him  to  preach 
the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the  same.  The 
Evening  being  spent  at  Sergt  Perkins  [1755],  ''  was  there  Voted,  That  Capt  Thomas 
Savage  [1739],  Capt  Newman  Greenough  [1740]  and  Mr.  John  Leverett  [1750]  be  a 
committee  to  take  the  most  prudent  and  proper  measures  to  get  the  money  due  to  the 
Company  from  the  heirs  of  Col.  Joseph  Blanchard  [1737],  deceased.  Voted,  That 
thirteen  pounds,  six  shillings  and  eight  pence,  lawful  money,  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer 
of  the  Company,  Col.  John  Phillips  [1725],  to  the  present  commission  officers  towards 
defraying  the  charges  of  the  dinner  upon  the  ensuing  Election  day ;  and  the  Company 
to  dine  with  them.  Attest :     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk, 

"June  5th.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  old  Com- 
mission Officers  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas 
Barnard,  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached  before 
them  this  day.  The  Evening  being  spent  at  Capt  Greenough's  [1740],  it  was  Voted, 
That  the  committee's  account  of  charge  in  going  to  Dunstable,  being  three  pounds,  four 
shillings  and  one  penny,  lawful  money,  be  allowed  and  paid  by  the  Treasurer,  John 
Phillips,  Esqr.  [1725].  Voted,  That  Col.  John  Phillips  [1725],  Maj.  Joseph  Jackson 
[1738]  and  Mr.  Samuel  Swift  [1746]  be  a  committee  to  settle  and  adjust  with  the  heirs 
of  Col.  Joseph  Blanchard  [1737]  &  others,  who  are  by  bond  and  mortgage  in  arrears  to 
the  Company,  and  in  order  thereto,  to  consult  all  such  counsel-in-the-law  as  they  shall 
think  fit,  and  to  make  return  as  soon  as  may  be ;  and  what  shall  be  done  by  said  com- 
mittee to  be  final,  touching  the  premises ;  and  the  charge  arising  thereby  to  be  borne  by 
the  Company.  Attest :     Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  Clerk. 

"June  5th.  1758.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  unanimously  Voted, 
That  the  thanks  of  this  Company  be  given  to  Mr.  Samuel  Torrey,  Jun.  [1752]  for  his 
good  services  as  Clerk  to  this  Company  for  three  years  last  past. 

•     "  Attest :     John  Edwards,  Clerk. 
"Sept  4th.     The  Evening  being  spent  at  Lieut  Gore's  [1743],  it  was  there  Voted, 
That  Mr.  William   Hyslop  [1755]  should  serve  as  Sergeant  in  the  Company  the  present 
year.     Voted,  That   every  person   should   learn   the   present  exercise  before  they  are 
admitted  into  this  Company.  Attest :     John  Edwards,  Clerk." 


1 759]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  95 

Rev.  Thomas  Barnard,  of  Salem,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1758.  He  was  the  son  of  Rev.  John  Barnard,  of  Andover,  and  was  born  in  that  place, 
Aug.  16,  17 16,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1732,  and  was  ordained  at  Newbury 
Jan.  31,  1739  (according' to  Joshua  Coffin,  "  History  of  Newbury"),  as  pastor  of  the 
Second  Church.  He  resigned  this  pastoral  office,  Oct.  29,  1749,  and,  for  a  time,  applied 
himself  to  the  study  and  practice  of  law.  He  re-entered  the  ministry,  however,  and  was 
installed  as  minister  of  the  First  Church,  in  Salem,  Sept.  17,  1755.  He  continued 
actively  engaged  in  church  work  until  he  was  disabled  by  paralysis,  in  1770.  He  died 
Aug.  5,  1776. 

Mr.  Barnard  is  spoken  of  as  "  a  man  of  solid  excellencies,  both  of  mind  and 
character,  not  brilliant  but  strong  and  rightly  balanced,  '  much  beloved  by  his  society 
and  esteemed  by  the  public'  "  ' 

His  son,  Rev.  Thomas  Barnard,  of  Salem,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon 
in  1789. 

The  following  named  members  of  the  Company  are  given  in  the  Record  Book  as 
"  Artillery  soldiers  under  the  fine  of  1/  per  diem  for  non-appearance  "  :  — 

Benjamin  Andrews  (1754),  Nathaniel  Baker  (1 751),  William  Baker  (1745),  Samuel 
Ballard  (1755),  Samuel  Barrett  (1755),  Jeremiah  Belknap,  Jr.  (1745),  Joseph  Belknap 
(1742),  William  Bell  (1756),  Nathan  Blodgett  (1742),  Joseph  Bradford  (1740),  John 
Bridge  (1751),  John  Butler  (1745),  Joseph  Butler  (1742),  Jonathan  Cary  (1756), 
Benjamin  Church  (1742),  Barnabas  Clark  (1755),  John  Coburn  (1751),  Thomas 
Dawes,  Jr.  (1754),  Isaac  Decoster  (1755),  Josiah  Edson,  Jr.  (1747),  Samuel  Emmes 
(1757),  Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1740),  Samuel  Goodwin  (1739),  John  Gore  (1743), 
William  Heath  (1754),  Samuel  Hendley  (1746),  William  Homes  (1747),  Jacob  Hurd 
(1743),  Daniel  Jones  (1754),  John' Joy  (1755),  Thomas  Lawlor  (1746),  Samuel  Liver- 
more  (1746),  Jonathan  Lowder  (1747),  Joseph  Mann  (1754),  Thomas  March  (1747), 
David  Mason  (1754),  John  Milliken  (1741),  William  Moor  (1749),  William  Murray 
(1758),  Benjamin  Phillips  (1755),  Thomas  Raymond  (1747),  Nathaniel  Ridgeway 
(1756),  Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.  (1756),  Isaac  Royall  (1750),  Benjamin  Russell  (1745), 
Thomas  Stoddard  (1744),  John  Storer  (1739),  Onesiphorus  Tilestone  (1747),  Benjamin 
Walcott  (1745),  John  Waldo  (1739),  Josiah  Waters  (1747),  Samuel  Whitwell  (1755), 
John  Wood  (1756). 

The  above  list  was  made  out  probably  in  1758-9. 


The   officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected   in    1759   were  :    John 

T  y  CC\    Phillips  (1725),  captain;  William  Taylor,  (1738),  lieutenant ;  Onesiphorus 

I  J?    Tilestone  (1747),  ensign.     Jonathan  Cary  (1740)  was  first  sergeant ;  Samuel 

Ballard    (1755),    second    sergeant;    Samuel    Emmes    (1757),    third   sergeant;    Samuel 

Whitwell  (1755),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Edwards  (1747),  clerk. 

The  war  was  vigorously  prosecuted  by  Lord  Amherst,  and  by  the  end  of  the  summer 
of  1759  nearly  the  whole  of  Canada  had  fallen  into  the  hands  of  the  English.  But  the 
victory  was  obtained  at  a  high  cost  to  the  colony,  and  the  distress  brought  upon  the 

1  Rev.  Edmund  B.  Willson,  in  Hurd's  Hist,  of  Essex  County. 


96  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i759 

people  was  very  great.  In  1758  the  Assembly  made  its  greatest  effort,  raised  an  army 
for  public  service,  and  greatly  reduced  the  arms-bearing  population  of  the  colony.  The 
expense  of  the  regiments  raised  for  that  service  was  one  hundred  and  twenty  thousand 
pounds  sterling ;  towns  in  the  Province  paid  sixty  thousand  more  to  procure  men,  and 
the  defence  of  the  colony's  frontier  cost  thirty  thousand  more.  Seven  thousand  men 
were  put  into  the  field  in  1758,  and  nearly  as  many  called  for  in  1759. 

Many  inhabitants  left  the  colony,  "  removed  to  other  Governments  to  live  more  free 
from  taxes";  four  towns  revolted  from  the  jurisdiction  of  Massachusetts;  five  thousand 
men  had  been  raised,  and  a  double  bounty  was  offered  for  fifteen  hundred  additional. 
Gov.  Pownall  found  difficulty  in  obtaining  officers  for  these  regiments.  As  nearly  all  the 
members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  had  been  in  active  service, 
and  some  of  them  continuously  so,  the  years  1758  and  1759  show  that  a  majority  of  its 
membership,  liable  to  bear  arms,  were  in  the  path  of  war,  and  largely  shared  in  the  great 
victory  obtained  in  the  summer  of  1759. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1759,  were  :  Richard  Boynton, 
Christopher  Clark,  Joseph  Gale,  Jr.,  Josiah  Salisbury,  Samuel  Simpson,  John  Skinner, 
Peter  Verstile,  Job  Wheelwright. 

Richard  Boynton  (1759)  married,  Sept.  19,  1745,  Sarah  Peirce,  and  was  published 
to  marry  Ann  Andrews,  Jan.  2,  1755.  He  was  chosen,  Nov.  2,  1772,  a  member  of  the 
Committee  of  Correspondence  "  to  state  the  rights  of  the  Colonists,"  etc.  This  com- 
mittee consisted  of  twenty-one  persons,  —  the  most  prominent  men  of  the  town.  In 
1774  he  was  one  of  the  committee  selected  to  carry  the  resolutions  of  the  Continental 
Congress  into  execution,  and  in  1776  was  again  elected  on  the  Committee  of  Corre- 
spondence and  Safety.  He  was  ensign  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1764,  lieutenant  in 
1767,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  major  in  the  militia.  His  residence  during  the  Revolu- 
tion was  on  Court  Street,  Boston.  He  held  the  office  of  deputy  sheriff  in  1789,  and 
resided  on  Marlboro  Street. 

He  died  March  27,  1795,  aged  seventy-four  years. 

Christopher  Clark  (1759),  caulker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  (1733)  and 
Miriam  Clark,  was  born  Feb.  2,  1737.  He  married,  Oct.  11,  1763,  Rebecca  Cobourn, 
and  resided  on  Unity  Street.  He  served  many  years  in  the  militia,  and  became  first 
lieutenant  in  Col.  Paddock's  (1762)  train  of  artillery.  In  1767  and  1768  he  was  one  of 
the  bondsmen  of  Abraham  Savage,  tax  collector.  July  5,  1782,  the  town,  by  vote, 
expressed  its  thanks  to  Mr.  Christopher  Clark  (1759)  "for  his  generous  donation  of  a 
bell  for  the  use  of  one  of  the  publick  schools  in  this  town."  He  held  the  office  of 
inspector  of  police  in  Boston  in  1788. 

Joseph  Gale,  Jr.  (1759),  tin-plate  worker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary 
(Alden)  Gale,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  1,  1736.  He  married,  June  13,  1765,  Sarah 
Huntington.     Mr.  Gale  (1759)  never  held  office  in  the  town  of  Boston. 

Not  long  prior  to  the  Revolution,  he  moved  from  Boston  to  Norwich,  Conn.,  where, 
according  to  a  deed  dated  1785,  he  had  pursued  his  trade.     He  enlisted  as  a  Continental 

Richard  Boynton  (1759).    Authority:  Bos-  Joseph    Gale,    Jr.  (1759)-     Authorities: 

ton  Records.  Boston  Records;    New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg., 

Christopher  Clark  (1759).     Authorities:  1864;  Gale  Family  Records. 
Boston  Records;   Mass.  Archives. 


i7S9]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  97 

soldier,  and  was  made  captain  of  a  Connecticut  company  in  Col.  Parsons'  regiment,  the 
Sixth,  in  Gen.  Putnam's  brigade,  and  was  at  the  siege  of  Boston  in  1775.  After  the  war, 
President  Washington  appointed  him  collector  of  customs  in  Connecticut,  which  office 
he  held  for  several  years.  He  was  a  brave  soldier,  and  an  honest  man,  whose  character 
was  above  reproach.  His  wife,  Sarah,  died  in  1787,  aged  forty-four  years  and  seven 
months;  he  died  at  Norwich,  Conn.,  in  December,  1799,  aged  sixty-three  years.1 

Josiah  Salisbury  (1759),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Nicholas  and  Martha 
(Saunders)  Salisbury,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  10,  1734. 

Samuel  Salisbury,  a  deacon  of  the  Old  South  Church,  was  a  brother  of  Josiah 
(1759),  and  Deacon  Josiah,  of  the  Old  South,  was  a  son  of  Deacon  Samuel. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  Ed.  1842,  p.  308, 
says,  Mr.  Salisbury  (1759)  "  was  one  °*  tne  ^ast  wno  wore  tne  old  cocked  hats.  It  was 
always  known  if  he  had  money  to  let,  without  asking  him ;  for  if  he  had,  he  always  wore 
the  front  peak  of  his  hat  high  up  when  he  walked  down  to  the  Exchange,  and  low  down 
was  always  sad  foreboding  to  borrowers." 

Josiah  Salisbury  (1759)  died  May  2,  1818. 

Samuel  Simpson  (1759),  °f  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Mary  Simpson,  was  born  July 

«j  '73>- 

March  8,  1756,  he  was  elected  constable  of  Boston,  and  was  excused.  At  the  same 
meeting  the  town  voted  that  any  person  chosen  to  serve  as  a  constable  might  be  excused 
by  paying  to  the  town  treasurer  four  pounds,  lawful  money.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1764,  and  in  the  local  militia  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain. 

John  Skinner  (1759),  pewterer,  Newbury  Street,  Boston.  He  married  (published), 
Jan.  22,  1752,  Edith  Edeston,  and,  (2)  June  26,  1754,  Mary  Tuttle.  He  held  the  town 
office  of  assay  master  from  1765  to  1783  inclusive.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1763,  and  ensign  in  1772. 

Ensign  Skinner  (1759)  died  Feb.  12,  1792,  aged  seventy-two  years.  His  dwelling 
was  near  Winnissimet  Ferry. 

Peter  Verstile  (1759),  merchant,  of  Boston.  He  was  chosen  a  warden  in  Boston 
for  the  years  beginning  March  13,  1775,  and  March  29,  1776. 

Job  Wheelwright  (1759),  cooper,  of  Boston.  He  was  married  to  Abigail  Barnard, 
March  13,  1756,  by  Rev.  Thomas  Foxcroft.  He  served  as  a  culler  of  staves  and  hoops 
from  1762  to  1779  inclusive,  and,  Feb.  6,  1777,  was  chosen  from  Ward  10  one  of  a 
committee  to  prevent  monopolies  and  oppression.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1763,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  active  service. 

Mr.  Wheelwright  (1759)  became  a  member  of  the  First  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in 
Boston,  in  1762,  and  retained  his  membership  until  his  decease.  He  held  the  office  of 
senior  warden  in  1765.     He  was  senior  warden  of  the  Masters'  Lodge  in  1769  and  1773. 

Josiah    Salisbury    (1759).      Authorities:  Job  Wheelwright  (1759).    Authority:  Bos- 

Boston  Records;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.       ton  Records. 
Company,  Ed.  1842.  '  Columbian  Cenlinel,  December,  1799. 

John  Skinner  (1759)-    Authority:  Boston 
Records. 


98  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND 


['759 


The  last  meeting  of  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  which  he  attended  was  Dec.  27,  1774,  at 
the  Bunch  of  Grapes  Tavern,  and  the  last  meeting  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge 
which  he  attended  was  June  24,  1777. 

His  place  of  business  was  near  Oliver's  Dock,  Liberty  Square,  and  his  residence  on 
that  part  of  Atkinson  Street,  originally  called  f  Green's  Lane."  He  died  Wednesday 
evening,  Sept.  12,  1798,  aged  sixty-five  years. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1759  's  as  follows  :  — 

"April  2'd  1759.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  in  Faneuil  Hall,  Voted,  That 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Amos  Adams  of  Roxbury  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon ;  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  John  Phillips, 
Esq.  [1725],  &  Capt  Thomas  Savage  [1739].  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire 
the  same.  The  Evening  being  spent  at  my  House  Voted,  That  Mr.  William  Hyslop 
[I7SS]  be  discarded  the  Company  and  have  his  name  erased  out  of  the  Company's  Books. 

"  Voted,  That  the  expense  of  this  evening  be  paid  out  of  the  Company's  money. 

"  Attest :  John  Edwards,   Clerk.  ' 

"May  7th.  1759.  The  Evening  being  spent  at  Sergt  Edward  Carnes  [1755],  ar|d 
Capt  Newman  Greenough  [1740],  being  one  of  the  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Amos  Adams,  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported,  that 
he  had  accepted  the  same.  Voted,  That  thirteen  pounds,  six  shillings  and  eight  pence, 
lawful  money,  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  of  the  Company  to  the  present  Commission 
Officers  towards  defraying  the  charge  of  the  Election  Dinner,  &  the  Company  to  dine 
with  them.  Voted,  that  Mr.  Benjamin  Andrews  [1754]  be  discarded  the  Company,  and 
have  his  name  erased  out  of  the  Company's  Books.  Voted,  That  there  be  a  committee 
to  revise  and  examine  the  list  and  settle  the  same.  Voted,  that  the  Committee" consist 
of  the  following  persons,  viz:  Capt.  Thomas  Savage  [1739],  Messrs  John  Gore  [1743] 
John  Leverett  [1750]  &  John  Edwards  [1747],  the  present  Clerk,  to  settle  the  Com- 
pany's list.  Attest    John  Edwards,  Clerk. 

"  June  4th.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the  old 
commission  officers,  with  the  new  ones,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Amos 
Adams,  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached  this  day. 

"  Attest :    John  Edwards,  Clerk. 

"October  i6t.  1759.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Ensign  Tilestone's  [1747],  it  was 
there  Voted,  That  John  Edwards  [1747],  the  present  Clerk,  have  one  quarter  part  of  the 
fines  he  shall  collect  from  the  delinquent  members  of  the  Company.  Voted,  That  the 
members  of  the  Company  meet  at  Faneuil  Hall,  for  to  perfect  themselves  in  the  military 
exercise  on  the  Tuesday  next  following  the  next  March  meeting  for  the  choice  of  Town 
Officers,  and  that  the  delinquent  members  pay  a  fine  of  eight  pence,  lawful  money. 
Voted,  That  the  Committee  chosen  in  May  last  to  revise  and  examine  the  list,  relating 
to  the  members  of  the  Company,  meet  and  settle  the  same. 

"Attest:     John  Edwards,  Clerk" 

Rev.  Amos  Adams,  of  Roxbury,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1759. 
He  was  a  son  of  Henry  and  Jemima  (Morse)  Adams,  and  was  born  in  Medfield,  Sept.  1, 
1728.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1752,  and  was  ordained  as  the  sixth  pastor 
of  the  First  Church  in  Roxbury,  Sept.  12,  1753.     He  married,  Oct.  18,  1753,  Elizabeth, 


i76o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  99 

daughter  of  Deacon  Henry  Prentice.  He  resided  in  the  parsonage,  opposite  to  the 
church,  "now  owned  and  occupied  by  Charles  K.  Dillaway,  Esq."1  The  headquarters 
of  the  army,  during  the  siege  of  Boston,  were  on  Meeting-house  Hill,  and  Rev.  Mr. 
Adams  and  his  family  were  obliged  to  temporarily  leave  the  parsonage.  It  became  the 
headquarters  of  Gen.  John  Thomas.  Mr.  Adams  was  a  very  energetic  man  —  a  true 
patriot ;  could  both  pray  and  preside  at  meetings  of  the  town  and  the  militia,  and  was 
scribe  of  the  convention  of  ministers,  which,  in  May,  1775,  recommended  the  people  to 
take  up  arms  in  defence  of  their  liberties.  He  was  pastor  of  the  First  Church  from  the 
time  of  his  ordination  until  his  decease  —  a  period  of  twenty-three  years.  One  Sunday, 
after  preaching  his  usual  time  to  his  own  people,  he  addressed  a  regiment  in  the  open 
air,  which  resulted  in  his  death,  from  extra  exertion  and  exposure,  at  Dorchester,  Oct.  5, 
1775.  "At  the  time,"  says  the  Boston  Gazette,  "he  was  seized  with  his  last  sickness,  he 
was  engaged  as  chaplain  to  a  regiment  in  the  Continental  Army,  who  paid  the  funeral 
honors  to  his  remains  on  the  following  Saturday." 

The  following-named  members  of  the  Company  are  given  in  the  Record  Book  as 
"  Artillery  soldiers  under  the  fine  of  6/  per  diem  for  non-appearance  "  :  — 

Nathaniel  Barber,  Jr.  (1758),  James  Bennett  (1756),  Seth  Blodgett  (1756),  Daniel 
Boyer  (1756),  Richard  Boylston  (1758),  Benjamin  Brown,  Jr.  (1756),  Edward  Carnes 
(1755),  Thomas  Carnes  (1754),  Christopher  Clark  (1759),  Jonas  Clark  (1756),  Thomas 
Deering  (1758),  John  Deming  (1756),  Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756),  John  Downe  (1758), 
Samuel  Dyer  (1755),  John  Forsyth  (1755),  Joseph  Gale,  Jr.  (1759),  Daniel  Gookin 
(1751),  John  Head  (1757),  Thomas  Hubbard  (1751),  William  Hyslop  (1755),  Edward 
Jackson  (1758),  Robert  Jenkins,  3d  (1756),  John  Leverett  (1750),  Nathaniel  Loring 
(1758),  Edward  Lyde  (1758),  Thomas  Newman  (1750),  Moses  Peck  C1758),  Henry 
Perkins  (1755),  Samuel  Simpson  (1759),  John  Soley  (1757),  Thomas  Symmes  (1758), 
Samuel  Torrey,  Jr.  (1752),  Francis  Whitman  (1755). 

The  above  list  was  made  out  probably  in  1759-60. 


.-  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1760  were:  William 

J  VQQ#  Taylor  (1738),  captain ;  Onesiphorus  Tilestone   (1747),  lieutenant;  Josiah 

•  Waters   (1747),  ensign.     Samuel   Dyer   (1755)   was  first  sergeant;  Samuel 

Barrett   (1755),  second  sergeant;  Benjamin  Phillips  (1755),  third  sergeant;  Benjamin 

Brown,  Jr.  (1756),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Edwards  (1747),  clerk. 

The  20th  day  of  March,  1760,  is  memorable  in  the  annals  of  Boston.  On  that  day, 
about  two  o'clock  in  the  morning,  a  fire  broke  out  in  the  dwelling-house  of  Mrs.  Mary 
Jackson  and  son,  "at  the  sign  of  the  Brazen  Head,  in  Cornhill,"  now  Washington 
Street,  about  opposite  the  present  Williams  Court.  The  fire  extended  to  the  wharves, 
consuming  nearly  four  hundred  buildings,  half  of  them  dwelling-houses,  and  turning  a 
thousand  people  from  their  homes.  The  loss  was  about  one  hundred  thousand  pounds 
sterling.  In  the  News-Letter  is  given  a  list  of  the  persons  burnt  out,  in  which  appear 
the  names  of  the  following  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  :  Upper  part  of  Water 
Street  —  dwelling-house  of  Isaac  Cazneau  (1744).      In  Quaker  Lane  —  William  Hyslop 

1  Drake's  Hist,  of  Roxbury,  1878. 


100  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1760 


(1755).  Sampson  Salter  (1729).  Towards  Oliver's  Dock  —  David  Spear  (1758), 
William  Baker  (1745),  Daniel  Henchman  (1712)..  In  Mackerel  Lane  (Kilby  Street)  — 
Benjamin  Phillips'  store  (1755),  John  Osborn,  Jr.  (1764).  The  lower  part  of  Water  Street 
—  William  Torrey  (1765),  Col.  Thwing  (1761),  John  Fullerton  (1768),  Joseph  Webb, 
Jr.  (1761).  Milk  Street  and  Batterymarch  —  Benj.  Cobb,  father  of  Benj.,  Jr.  (1787), 
Benj.  Hallowell  (1733),  and  all  the  buildings  on  Col.  Wendell's  (1733)  Wharf.  A  large 
amount  of  donations  was  received  from  both  Europe  and  America,  and  Col.  John  Phillips 
(1725)  was  chairman  of  the  committee  for  their  distribution.  At  the  time  of  this  fire 
there  were  twelve  firewards,  of  whom  three  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company, 
viz.,  John  Phillips  (1725),  Joseph  Jackson  (1738),  and  Newman  Greenough  (1740). 

At  the  May  session  of  the  General  Court,  an  Act  was  passed  for  "  the  better 
rebuilding  of  Boston,"  and  the  Court  enacted  "  that  no  house  or  other  building  whatso- 
ever more  than  seven  feet  in  height  shall  be  erected  in  Boston,  otherwise  than  of  stone 
or  brick,  and  covered  with  slate  or  tiles." 

Francis  Bernard,  the  newly-appointed  governor,  successor  of  Gov.  Pownall,  arrived 
in  Boston,  Aug.  3,  1760.  He  was  received  with  great  parade  by  the  militia,  under  com- 
mand of  Brig.-Gen.  Isaac  Royall  (1750),  and  by  prominent  gentlemen  of  the  town. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1760  were:  William  Dawes, 
Benjamin  Edes,  Jacob  Holland,  Moses  Pitcher,  Andrew  Symmes,  Jr. 

William  Dawes  (1760),  tailor,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Sarah  (Story)  Dawes 
and  grandson  of  Lieut  Ambrose  Dawes  (1674),  was  born  in  Boston,  Oct.  2,  17 19. 
Thomas  Dawes  lived  on  Sudbury  Street,  and  was  by  trade  a  mason  and  builder,  a  trade 
which  his  nephew,  Col.  Thomas  (1754),  followed.  Lieut.  William  Dawes  (1760)  resided 
on  Ann  Street,  corner  of  Scottow's  Alley,  and  his  tailor's  shop  was  on  Salt  Lane,  which 
ran  "from  Bowes'  corner,  in  Union  Street,  east  to  Mill  Creek."  March  16,  1747,  he 
petitioned  the  town  for  liberty  to  build  a  shop  on  the  town's  land  at  the  head  of  the 
dock,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  consider  the  request.  On  March  28,  the  com- 
mittee reported  denying  the  request,  "  the  persons  in  general  that  live  thereabout  object- 
ing to  the  same." 

He  married,  (1)  about  1742,  Lydia  Boone,  daughter  of  Nicholas,  the  noted  book- 
seller of  Boston.  She  died  in  1760,  having  borne  nine  children,  and  Aug.  27,  1764, 
Lieut.  William  (1760)  married  (2)  Hannah  Gair,  a  widow,  and  daughter  of  Samuel 
Jackson  (1733).     She  died  June  13,  1810. 

Soon  after  the  death  of  his  first  wife,  having  disposed  of  some  of  his  property,  he 
moved  to  Marlboro  and  settled  on  a  farm  which  he  had  purchased.  After  a  few  years' 
absence  he  returned  to  Boston,  and  at  first  kept  a  grocer's  store,  but  afterward,  in  part- 
nership with  his  nephew,  William  Homes,  Jr.  (1766),  he  was  engaged  as  a  goldsmith. 
Their  place  of  business  was  on  Ann  (now  North)  Street,  where  Oak  Hall  stands.  At  this 
time  his  family  lived  in  the  rooms  over  their  shop.  We  are  told  that  "  his  apprentices 
were  among  the  party  who  threw  the  tea  overboard  in  Boston  Harbor.  The  daughters  of 
the  family  sat  up  for  them ;  and  when  they  came  in,  the  rims  of  their  hats,  which  were 
turned  up  a  little,  were  loaded  with  tea,  which  the  young  women  vigorously  shook  into 
the  fire." 

William  Dawes  (1760)  remained  in  Boston  during  the  siege.     His  silver  and  valu- 

William  Dawes  (1760).     Authorities:  Bos-       Paul  Revere,  by  Henry  W.  Holland;   Hill's  Hist,  of 
ton  Records;  William  Dawes,  Jr.,  and  his  ride  with       Old  South  Church. 


i76o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  IOI 

ables  were  concealed  in  the  cellar,  and  they  remained  there  until  after  the  evacuation. 
During  the  last  two  years  of  his  life  he  was  totally  blind.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1766,  and  served  as  a  juryman  for  the  Inferior  Court,  Sept.  29,  1770. 
He  joined  the  Old  South  Church  Feb.  8,  1735,  his  sisters  Rebecca  and  Abigail  joining 
also  upon  the  same  day. 

He  died  Nov.  14,  1802,  and  was  buried  in  the  "  Chapel  Ground,"  "three  years  after 
the  death  of  his  patriot  son,"  William,  Jr.  (1768),  leaving  his  wife  Hannah  and  several 
children.  The  house  on  Ann  Street,  valued  at  six  thousand  pounds,  he  gave  to  his  wife 
during  her  life,  and  after  her  decease  to  his  daughters  Ruth  and  Sarah.  The  rest  of  his 
property,  real  and  personal,  he  gave  to  his  children.  He  had  by  his  first  wife,  Hannah, 
who  married  John  Lucas  (1786),  Lydia,  who  married  Lieut.  John  Coolidge  (1786),  and 
William  (1768),  "who  rode  with  Paul  Revere,"  and  six  other  children.  Besides  the 
above-named  son  and  sons-in-law,  the  following-named  relatives  of  William  (1760)  were 
members  of  the  Artillery  Company:  Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1740),  who  married  his 
(William's)  niece,  Sarah  Dawes,  and  their  son  Benjamin  (1793),  who  married  William's 
(1760)  granddaughter;  William  Homes  (1747),  who  married  William's  (1760)  sister 
Rebecca,  and  their  son,  William,  Jr.  (  1766)  ;  Josiah  Waters  ( 1747),  who  married  William's 
([760")  sister  Abigail,  and  their  son,  Col.  Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  ^769)  ;  William  Moor  (1749), 
son  of  William's  (1760)  sister  Mary;  Col.  Thomas  Dawes  (1754),  son  of  Thomas,  who 
was  a  brother  of  William  (1760),  and  Capt.  Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  who  married  Ann 
Dawes,  sister  of  Col.  Thomas  (1754). 

Benjamin  Edes  (1760),  printer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Peter  and  Esther  (Hall)  Edes, 
of  Charlestown,  was  born  Oct.  14,  1732.  He  moved  to  Boston,  and  married  in  1754 
Martha  Starr,  by  whom  he  had  ten  children.  He  learned  the  printer's  trade,  and  in  1755 
associated  himself  with  John  Gill  in  the  publication  of  the  Boston  Gazette,  of  which  Mr. 
Edes  (1760)  was  editor  for  forty-three  years.  They  began  the  printing  business  in  "the 
second  house  west  of  the  Court  House,"  and  later  occupied  the  printing  house  of  Samuel 
Kneeland.  They  printed  pamphlets,  and  for  several  years  were  the  printers  for  the 
General  Court.  Benjamin  Edes  ( 1760)  was  always  to  be  found  associated  with  the  lead- 
ing spirits  of  the  Revolution  in  all  measures  taken  by  the  people  of  Boston  against  the 
oppressive  acts  of  Parliament,  and  those  sent  hither  to  enforce  them.  When  Boston  was 
being  closed  by  the  British,  Mr.  Edes  (1760)  made  his  escape  in  the  night,  taking  with 
him  in  a  boat  both  press  and  type.  He  settled  in  Watertown,  continued  to  issue  the 
Gazette,  and  was  printer  for  the  Provincial  Congress  of  Massachusetts.  In  1776,  on  the 
evacuation  of  Boston  by  the  British,  he  returned  to  Boston,  the  former  partnership  was 
dissolved,  and  he  continued  in  business  alone.  In  1779,  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
his  two  sons,  Benjamin  and  Peter,  which  continued  for  three  years,  when  Peter  set  up 
in  business  for  himself,  and  Benjamin,  Jr.,  established  a  newspaper  in  Haverhill.  Ben- 
jamin Edes  (1760),  on  his  return  to  Boston  in  1776,  occupied  a  house  in  Cornhill 
(Washington  Street),  and  some  years  before  his  death  he  moved  into  his  own  house  on 
Temple  Street,  having  obtained  a  room  "over  a  tin-plate  worker's  shop  in  Kilby  Street," 
for  a  printing  office. 

Over  the  printing  office,  etc.,  of  Edes  and  Gill,  on  the  south  side  of  Court  Street,  was 

Benjamin  Edes  (1760).     Authorities:  Bos-       Old  Landmarks  of  Boston;    New  Eng.  Hist,  and 
ton  Records;  Thomas's  Hist,  of  Printing;   Drake's       Gen.  Reg.,  1862,  1865. 


102  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[  1 760 


the  meeting-place  of  the  Long-Room  Club,  of  which  Samuel  Adams  was  the  head,  and 
the  leading  patriots  of  the  Revolution  were  members. 

March  16,  1757,  the  selectmen  agreed  that  Edes  (1760)  and  Gill  should  have  the 
printing  of  the  town  votes,  a  large  share  of  which  fell  to  their  lot  for  many  years.  At  the 
same  time  the  selectmen  informed  him  that  it  has  been  their  disposition  "  to  encourage 
persons  industrious  in  their  business,  and  you  in  particular,  by  giving  you  a  full  share  of 
the  Town's  printing,  we  now  deliver  you  this  vote  of  the  town  to  print,  but  at  the  same 
time  inform  you,  that  you  have  printed  such  pamphlets  and  such  things  in  your  news- 
papers as  grossly  reflect  upon  the  received  religious  principles  of  this  people,  which 
is  very  offensive,  and  complaints  have  been  made  to  us  by  some  of  the  inhabitants  con- 
cerning said  pamphlets  and  papers,  we  therefore  now  inform  you  if  you  go  on  priming 
things  of  this  nature  you  must  expect  no  more  favours  from  us." 

To  which  Mr.  Edes  (1760)  answered  to  the  following  effect:  "That  he  was  sorry 
he  had  given  occasion  to  any  persons  to  be  offended  at  what  he  had  printed,  but  that  he 
would  take  more  care  for  the  future,  and  publish  nothing  that  shall  give  any  uneasiness 
to  any  persons  whatever." 

Benjamin  Edes  (1760)  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1765,  and 
served  as  a  captain  in  the  militia. 

He  died  in  Boston,  Dec.  n,  1803.  An  obituary  notice  of  him  appeared  in  the 
columns  of  the  Indcpende7it  Chronicle  on  the  19th  of  the  same  month  Gordon,  in  his 
"History  of  the  American  Revolution"  (Vol.  I.,  p.  175,  London  Ed.,  1788),  mentions 
Benjamin  Edes  (1760)  in  his  list  of  persons,  who,  on  the  14th  of  August,  1765,  sus- 
pended from  the  branches  of  Liberty  Tree  an  effigy,  representing  Andrew  Oliver,  the 
stamp  distributor,  and  a  huge  boot  (typical  of  the  Earl  of  Bute),  with  the  devil  emerging 
from  it,  holding  the  Stamp  Act  in  his  hand. 

Jacob  Holland  (1760),  currier,  of  Boston.  He  was  chosen  a  sealer  of  leather  at 
Boston  in  1775,  1776,  and  1777,  and  warden  in  1781.  His  name  is  not  given  in  the 
Directory  of  Boston  for  1789.     He  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  militia. 

Moses  Pitcher  (1760),  glazier,  of  Boston.  In  1757,  ne  had  wife,  Mary.  He  united 
with  the  Old  South  Church,  June  8,  1760,  and  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1764.-  The  selectmen  directed  Mr.  Nath.  Brown,  Oct.  28,  1761,  to  deliver  unto 
Mr.  Moses  Pitcher  (1760)  "all  the  sashes  saved  from  Faneuil  Hall  Market  at  the  late 
fire,"  and  April  27,  1767,  the  selectmen  agreed  that  Mr.  Pitcher  (1760)  should  have  the 
glaziers'  work  in  repairing  the  school-house  on  the  Common. 

Moses  Pitcher  (1760)  received  Masonic  degrees  in  the  First  Lodge,  in  Boston, 
May  3,  1762,  and  is  recorded  several  times  as  present  in  the  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge. 
He  attended  the  installation  of  M.  W.  John  Rowe  as  grand  master,  Nov.  23,  1768. 

In  1776,  William  Cooper,  clerk,  entered  a  complaint  against  "  Moses  Pitcher  [1760], 
glazier,"  for  breach  of  a  resolve  of  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  passed  July  10,  of 
that  year.  The  resolve  warned  all  soldiers  of  the  training  band  and  alarm  lists  to 
appear  on  the  Common  for  the  purpose  of  raising  there  from  by  enlistment  or  draft  "  one 
out  of  every  twenty-five."  Moses  Pitcher  (1760),  a  soldier  in  the  train-band,  failed  to 
appear  and  was  fined  ten  pounds. 

Mose9  Pitcher  (1760).  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  Early  Masonic  Records;  New  Eng.  Hist, 
and  Gen.  Reg.,  1880. 


,76o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  103 

He  was  a  loyalist,  and  sailed  from  Boston  with  the  English  in  1776,  and  died  in 
Halifax  in  1817. 

Andrew  Symmes,  Jr.  (1760),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Andrew  (1734)  and 
Hannah  Symmes,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  19,  1735.     He  married  Lydia . 

Andrew  Symmes,  Jr.  (1760),  was  chosen  a  warden  in  Boston,  April  8,  1774,  and  was 
elected  one  of  the  census  takers  in  1776.  He  was  very  active  in  town  affairs  :  serving  as 
fireward,  1778-82  ;  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Correspondence,  Safety,  and  Inspec- 
tion, 1779-80;  was  on  committees  in  1780  and  1782  to  superintend  the  filling  of  Boston's 
quota  in  the  Continental  Army,  by  draft  or  otherwise,  and  to  see  that  the  patriotic 
resolves  of  the  Assembly  were  carried  into  effect. 

Mr.  Symmes  (1760)  was  long  identified  with  the  militia,  and,  prior  to  the  close  of 
the  Revolution,  had  attained  the  grade  of  colonel.  In  1784,  he  was  appointed  aid-de- 
camp, with  the  rank  of  colonel,  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  John  Hancock.  He  was  reappointed 
from  1787  to  1790  inclusive.     He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1764. 

Andrew  Symmes,  Jr.  (1760),  died  on  Sunday,  April  9,  1797,  aged  sixty-two  years, 
"  a  man  of  strict  honor  and  integrity,  and  a  lover  of  God  and  his  country."  > 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1760  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  nth.  1760.  Friday.  (Last  Monday  being  foul  weather).  The  Company 
being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Josiah  Sherman  of  Woburn  be 
desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon ;  and  that  the  present  commission 
officers,  with  Capt  Newman  Greenough  [1740],  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and 
desire  the  same.  Attest :  John  Edwards.  Clerk. 

"May  5th.  1760  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  Col  John  Phillips  [1725], 
being  one  of  the  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Josiah  Sherman,  to  desire  him  to 
preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  had  accepted.  The  Evening 
being  spent  at  Sergt  Emmes  [1757]  ;  Voted,  That  twenty  pounds,  lawful  money,  be 
paid  by  the  Treasurer  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charge  of  the 
Election  Dinner,  &  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That  the  Commission 
Officers  wait  on  Brigadier  Brattle  [1729]  to  inform  him  that  the  Company  desires 
he  would  lead  the  Company  the  ensuing  year.  Voted,  That  Capt  Newman  Greenough 
[1740]  and  Mr.  Daniel  Jones  [1754]  be  joined  to  the  committee  for  examining  the  list 
of  the  Company,  &  to  talk  with  the  delinquent  members  relating  to  their  absence. 
Voted,  That  if  any  member  break  off  from  the  Company  without  leave  from  the  Com- 
manding Officer,  he  shall  pay  a  fine  of  twelve  shillings. 

"  Attest :  John  Edwards.  Clerk. 

"  June  2'd.  1 760.     The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  present 
Commission  Officers  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Josiah  Sherman  and  return  him  the  thanks  of 
'  this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached  this  day.2 

"  Attest :  John  Edwards,  Clerk. 

Andrew  Symmes,  Jr.  (1760).     Authority:  of  Woburn;    the  said  Company  made  choice   of 

Boston  Records.  William   Taylor   Esq;    [1738]    for   their   Captain; 

1  Columbian  Centinel,  April  12,  1797.  Captain  Onesiphorus  Tileston   [1747]   Lieutenant; 

2  "  Monday  last  being  the  Anniversary  for  the  and  Lieutenant  Josiah  Waters  [1747]'  Ensign, 
Election  of  Officers  of  the  Ancient  and  Honourable  for  the  present  year."  —  Boston  Newspaper,  June 
Artillery  Company;   after  a  Sermon  suitable  to  the  9,  1760. 

Occasion,  preached  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Josiah  Sherman 


104  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i76i 

"September  ist.  1760.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Lieut  Tilestone's  [1747]  it 
was  there  Voted,  That  those  Gentlemen,  who  have  had  the  honour  to  receive  the  badges 
as  Captain  of  this  Company,  may  continue  their  names  on  the  Clerk's  book,  and  be 
called  every  muster  day,  if  they  think  fit,  and  not  be  subject  to  a  fine  for  non-appearance. 

"October  6th.  1760.  The  Evening  being  spent  at  Ensign  Waters'  [1747],  it  was 
then  Voted,  That  there  be  a  Committee,  consisting  of  five  members,  to  consider  of  some 
method  for  the  advantage  and  unity  of  the  Company.  Voted,  That  John  Phillips,  Esq. 
[1725],  Mr.  Nathaniel  Loring  [1758],  Mr.  John  Deming  [1756],  Capt  Thomas  Savage 
[1739],  &  Capt  Newman  Greenough  [1740]  be  of  this  committee.  Voted,  That  every 
member  of  the  Company  shall  come  on  every  training  day,  for  the  future,  with  his 
Cartouch  Box  filled  with  cartridges  full  of  powder ;  and  for  neglect  of  the  same  shall  pay 
to  the  Clerk  a  fine  of  one  shilling.  Attest :  John  Edwards,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Josiah  Sherman,  of  Woburn,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1760. 
He  was  a  son  of  William  Sherman;  was  born  at  Watertown,  April  2,  1729  ;  graduated 
at  Nassau  Hall,  Princeton,  N.  J.,  in  1754;  studied  theology  with  Rev.  Dr.  Bellamy,  of 
Bethlehem,  Conn.,  and  with  Rev.  Mr.  Graham, of  Southbury,  and  was  ordained  at  Woburn, 
Jan.  28,  1756.  He  was  a  brother  of  Hon.  Roger  Sherman,  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence  in  1776,  and  of  Rev.  Nathaniel  Sherman,  of  Bedford,  Mass. 

He  married,  Jan.  24,  1757,  Martha,  daughter  of  Hon.  James  Minot,  of  Concord,  and 
they  had  five  children,  of  whom  the  eldest,  Roger  Minot  (Yale  Col.,  1794),  became  a 
judge  on  the  Supreme  Bench  of  Connecticut. 

After  a  pastorate  in  Woburn  of  about  twenty  years,  Mr.  Sherman  was  dismissed  at 
his  own  request,  April  n,  1775.  From  Woburn  he  went  to  Milford,  Conn.,  and  in  1781 
removed  to,  and  was  installed  at,  Goshen,  Conn.  He  remained  there  seven  years,  then 
resided  for  a  time  in  Sheffield,  Mass.,  but  having  received  an  invitation  to  settle  over  the 
church  and  society  in  Woodbridge,  Conn.,  he  accepted,  but  died  shortly  after  his  arrival 
there,  Nov.  24,  1789. 

Rev.  Mr.  Sherman  was  considered  a  very  eloquent  preacher.  "  His  elocution  was 
very  distinct,  tho'  fluent  and  rapid.  His  voice  was  excellent.  His  mind  was  discrim- 
inating. His  eloquence  was  often  pathetic,  sometimes  very  powerful,  and  always  of  such 
a  character  as  to  command  the  respect  and  attention  of  his  audience." 


f  The   officers   of   the   Artillery   Company   elected  in    1761    were:  John 

[  i\\  \     Symmes    (1733),   captain;   William    Homes    (1747),   lieutenant;    Thomas 

•  Dawes  (1754),  ensign.     Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.   (1756),  was  first  sergeant; 

William  Murray  (1758),  second  sergeant;  Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756),  third  sergeant; 

Robert  Jenkins,  tertius  (1756),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Edwards  (1747),  clerk. 

In  1761,  a  committee  reported  to  the  town  that  it  was  necessary  that  Faneuil  Hall 
should  be  repaired,  and  suggested  that  the  roof  be  slated,  the  window-frames  of  stone, 
and  the  ornaments,  with  as  little  wood-work  as  possible,  the  expense  to  be  paid  by  a 
lottery.     Proposals  were  received  from  masons,  carpenters,  and  others,  and  the  repairing 

Rev.  Josiah  Sherman.  Authorities:  Sewall's  Hist,  of  Woburn;  Sprague's  Annals  of  American 
Pulpit. 


i76i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  105 

was  begun  before  the  summer  ended.  The  hall  was  reopened,  with  an  address  by  James 
Otis,  Jr.,  March  14,  1763.  In  1766,  the  contractors  complained  that  they  had  not  been 
paid.  A  committee,  appointed  Sept.  18,  1765,  gathered  the  bills  of  indebtedness  on 
account  of  said  repairs,  and  reported  in  March,  1766.  The  following-named  members 
of  the  Company  were  engaged  in  this  work,  and  the  amounts  due  them  are  given  :  — 
Onesiphorus  Tilestone  [1747]         ....     ^1,287     6s.  2d. 

Thomas  Dawes  [1754] 337    14    9 

Josiah  Waters  [1747]     .....;  170     o    7 

Moses  Pitcher  [1760]     .         .         .         .         .         .  130   10    4 

Timothy  Thornton  [1765]        ......  32   14    8 

being  about  two  thirds  of  the  total  indebtedness  for  repairs.  - 

In  1761,  the  officers  of  the  Boston  regiment  were:  John  Phillips  (1725),  colonel; 
Joseph  Jackson  (1738),  lieut.-colonel,  and  John  Symmes  (1733),  major.  Of  the  eleven 
captains,  there  were  :  Newman  Greenough  (1740),  David  Jenkins  (1758),  William  Taylor 
(1738),  Thomas  Marshall  (1761),  Onesiphorus  Tilestone  (1747),  James  Cunningham 
(1758),  William  Homes  (1747),  Jonathan  Cary  (1740),  John  Leverett  (1750);  John 
Gore  (1743),  captain-lieutenant ;  Thomas  Dawes  (1754),  captain-lieutenant  and  adjutant. 
Of  the  thirteen  lieutenants,  there  were  :  Benjamin  Andrews  (1754),  Daniel  Jones  (1754), 
Richard  Boynton  (1759),  Daniel  Bell  (1733),  William  Phillips  (1762),  Jeremiah  Stimp- 
son  (1761),  Josiah  Waters  (1747),  Martin  Gay  (1761),  Samuel  Ballard  (1755).  Of  the 
ensigns,  there  were  :  William  Bordman  (1758),  William  Murray  (1758),  Samuel  Ridge- 
way,  Jr.  (1756),  John  Haskins  (1768),  Samuel  Barrett  (1755),  Benjamin  Phillips  (1755), 
Sanderson  West  (1761),  Thomas  Adams  (1765),  Zephaniah  Hartt  (1765). 

Soon  after  the  establishment  of  the  Cadets,  and  "Train  of  Artillery,"  a  company 
was  formed  among  the  students  in  Harvard  College.  They  applied  to  Gov.  Hutchinson 
for  arms,  but,  as  they  were  mostly  opposed  to  the  mother  country,  he  reluctantly  yielded 
to  their  request,  and  avoided,  as  long  as  possible,  to  sign  an  order  for  their  delivery. 
These  young  heroes,  not  discouraged,  procured  wooden  guns,  and  were  reviewed  (using 
them)  while  the  Superior  Court  was  in  session  at  Cambridge,  by  the  judges,  etc.  This 
corps  was  suspended  during  the  Revolution,  revived  during  the  administration  of  Gov. 
Gerry,  and  abolished  by  President  Quincy. 

The  institution  of  the  Cadets  and  "Train  Artillery"  probably  served  to  lessen 
admissions  into  the  Artillery  Company,  and  as  the  latter  had  been  declining  —  a  com- 
mittee was  chosen,  which  reported  on  the  April  field-day  of  1 761,  two  resolutions,  given 
on  page  no.  These  resolutions  produced  the  desired  effect;  for  upon  comparing  the 
roster  of  the  Boston  regiment  in  1770  with  the  roll,  we  find  that  of  the  forty-four  com- 
missioned officers  of  the  regiment,  including  the  "  Train  of  Artillery,"  every  officer,  field, 
platoon,  or  staff,  excepting  one  lieutenant  and  five  ensigns,  were  members  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company: l 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1761  were:  James  Cunning- 
ham, Martin  Gay,  Thomas  Marshall,  Jeremiah  Stimpson,  Nathaniel  Thwing,  John  Webb, 
Jr.,  Joseph  Webb,  Jr.,  Sanderson  West. 

James  Cunningham  (1761),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth 
(Wheeler)    Cunningham,   was  born  in  Boston,  April  24,   1721.     He  married,  June  4, 

James   Cunningham    (1761).      Authority:  l  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed. 

Boston  Records.  1842,  p.  310. 


106  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i76i 

1742,  Elizabeth  Boylston,  daughter  of  Peter  Boylston.  Their  sons,  Capt.  William  and 
Major  Andrew  Cunningham,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1786.  Mr.  Cunningham 
(1761)  married,  (2)  Jan.  19, 1773,  Martha  Challoner,  who  shared  his  home  in  Dedham, 
and  died  a  few  months  before  her  husband. 

Major  James  Cunningham  (1761)  was  identified  with  the  Boston  militia  for  many 
years,  and,  passing  through  the  various  offices,  became  major  of  the  Boston  regiment  in 
1767,  and  held  that  office  until  1772.  He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1764,  and  its  captain  in  1768.  He  was  one  of  the  firewards  of  the  town  four  years, 
1765-8,  and,  with  the  selectmen  and  justices,  visited  the  public  schools,  July  6,  176S, 
and  July  5,  1769.  The  town  records  seem  to  prove  that  at  about  the  opening  of  the 
Revolutionary  War  he  moved  to  Dedham,  and  there  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life. 

He  died  at  Dedham  June  5,  1795,  aged  seventy-four  years,  and  his  wife,  Martha, 
died  at  the  same  place  April  1,  1794. 

Andrew  Cunningham,  who  came  to  Boston  from  Scotland  in  1684,  had  four  sons, 
Andrew2,  William2,  David2,  and  Nathaniel2.  Andrew2  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1720,  and  his  brother,  Nathaniel,  joined  the  same  year.  Major  James3  ( 1  761 )  and  Capt. 
William3  (1765)  were  sons  of  William2,  and  nephews  of  Capt.  Andrew2  (1720)  and  of 
Capt.  Nathaniel2  (1720).  James3  (1761),  who  first  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1758,  was  the  father  of  William4  (1786)  and  Major  Andrew4  (1786). 

Martin  Gay  (1761),  brass  founder,  of  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  Ebenezer  Gay,  D.  D.,  of 
Hingham,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1728,  was  born  in  Hingham, 
Dec.  29,  1726.  He  married,  (1)  Dec.  13,  1750,  Mary  Pinckney,  and,  (2)  about  1770, 
Ruth  Atkins,  who  died  Sept.  io,  1810.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says,  in  his  History  of  the 
Artillery  Company,  2d  ed.,  p.  310,  "I  had  frequent  opportunities  to  hear  him  converse. 
It  was  not  for  want  of  love  for  his  country  that  he  became  a  Tory,  but,  having  large 
property  and  fearing  the  ability  to  resist  with  success  the  power  of  the  mother  country, 
were  the  causes  of  his  adopting  that  side,  as  many  of  the  most  considerate  men  in  the 
country  did  from  like  motives.  The  period  has  arrived  when  we  can  look  back,  and  with 
candor  attribute,  to  many  of  that  class,  good  motives  for  their  conduct.  He  secretly 
wished  for  his  country's  success.  His  latter  days  were  spent  in  retirement,  and  the 
pleasures  of  the  family  circle,  in  which  he  appeared  amiable  and  happy."  He  was 
lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1770,  and  its  captain  in  1772. 

Martin  Gay  (1761)  was  admitted  to  be  a  member  of  the  North  Fire  Engine 
Company,  No.  2,  Jan.  17,  1749-50,  and  was  one  of  the  one  hundred  firemen  exempted 
from  military  duty  by  the  governor,  April  7,  1758.  He  was  elected  assay-master  from 
1758  to  1774  inclusive,  warden  in  1771,  fireward  in  1767,  1768,  1772-4,  and  visited 
the  public  schools,  July  1,  1772.  He  was  identified  with  the  Boston  militia  for  many 
years,  and  in  1767  became  captain  of  a  company  in  the  Boston  regiment.  He  was  an 
addresser  of  Gov.  Hutchinson  in  1774,  and  of  Gen.  Gage  in  1775.  He  went  to  Halifax 
in  1776,  when  the  British  evacuated  Boston,  and  was  proscribed  and  banished  by  the 
State  in  1778.  He  returned  to  Boston  in  November,  1792,  having,  during  his  absence, 
resided  in  Nova  Scotia  and  England.  Of  his  nine  children,  Samuel  was  the  most  dis- 
tinguished, having  been  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  in  New  Brunswick. 

Martin  Gay  (1761).  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1879;  Whit- 
man's Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


,76i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  107 

Martin  Gay's  (1761)  brass  foundry  was  in  Union  Street.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
West  Church,  and  for  some  years  a  deacon.  He  died  Jan.  30,  1809,  aged  eighty-two 
years,  and  was  buried  in  his  tomb,  No    6,  Granary  Burial-Ground. 

Thomas  Marshall  (1761),  tailor,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Christopher  (1724)  and 
Elizabeth  Marshall,  was  born  in  Boston,  July  21,  17 19,  and  was  published  to  Margaret 
Maccarty,  Jan.  7,  1746.  He  was  a  brother  of  Capt.  Christopher  Marshall,  who  joined 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1765.  He  married,  (2)  Dec.  6,  1794,  widow  of  Rev.  Samuel 
Woodward,  of  Weston.     She  died  June  4,  1805. 

Capt.  Marshall  (1761)  lived  in  1764  in  Cow  Lane,  now  High  Street,  and  in  1763 
owned  land  in  Mackerel  Lane,  now  Devonshire  Street,  between  State  and  Water,  the 
lines  of  which  he  disputed  with  Mrs.  Amory.1  He  served  the  town  as  a  fireward  from 
1762  until  1776  inclusive;  was  a  warden  in  1771,  and  selectman  for  five  years,  1772-6. 
He  made  a  visitation  of  the  town,  June  29,  1768,  and  visited  the  public  schools, 
July  6,  1768,  and  July  5,  1769. 

On  the  evening  of  the  5th  of  March,  1770,  a  Mr.  John  Green,  hearing  the  cry  of  fire, 
ran  up  Leveret's  Lane,  now  Congress  Street,  and  just  as  he  turned  Amory's  Corner  the 
soldiers  fired,  and  he  was  dangerously  wounded.  Having  applied  to  the  town  for  relief, 
the  case  was  referred  to  a  committee,  of  which  Col.  Marshall  (1761)  was  chairman.  For 
the  next  few  years  Col.  Marshall  (1761)  is  constantly  prominent  in  town  and  colony 
matters.  Several  times  his  name  was  affixed  to  petitions,  letters,  and  remonstrances  to 
Gov.  Hutchinson,  with  those  of  other  patriots.  He  was  one  on  each  of  the  committees 
delegated  by  the  town  to  thank  Benjamin  Church,  in  1773,  and  Joseph  Warren,  in  1775, 
for  their  "  elegant  and  spirited"  orations  on  the  5th  of  March. 

Nov.  18,  1773,  he  was  one  of  the  committee  selected  by  the  town  to  again  visit  the 
consignees  of  the  tea,  and  request  an  immediate  and  direct  answer  to  this  question : 
"  Whether  they  would  resign  their  appointments  as  Tea  Consignees?"  The  committee 
proceeded  to  the  Province  House,  waited  upon  the  tea  consignees,  asked  the  question, 
and  left  an  attested  copy  of  the  town  vote.  A  formal  answer  was  returned  in  town  meet- 
ing that  day,  at  3  p.  m.,  but  the  town  voted  the  answer  was  not  satisfactory. 

In  the  fall  of  1774,  the  people  were  apprehensive  of  more  trouble  on  account  of  the 
soldiers  being  quartered  in  town.  Col.  Marshall  (1761)  was  authorized,  with  others,  to 
wait  on  the  governor  in  the  interest  of  peace  and  good  order,  and  likewise  to  report  to 
the  town  the  best  ways  and  means  of  securing  the  best  interests  of  the  town. 

Dec.  7,  1774,  a  committee  composed  of  the  principal  citizens  of  Boston  was  chosen 
"  to  carry  the  resolutions  of  the  Continental  Congress  into  execution."  Col.  Marshall's 
(1761)  name  is  the  fifth  on  the  list,  being  preceded  by  the  names  of  Gushing,  Hancock, 
Samuel  Adams,  and  William  Phillips,  but  yet  he  was  first  on  that  committee  of  those  who 
executed  Continental  resolutions  by  service  in  the  Revolutionary  Army.  Col.  Marshall 
(176 1)  joined  the  Old  South  Church,  July  19,  1741.  He  is  mentioned  in  the  records  of 
that  church,  Oct.  31,  1768,  when  he  and  Capt.  Thomas  Dawes,  father  of  Col.  Thomas, 
Jr.  (1754),  were  appointed  a  committee  to  notify  Hon.  Thomas  Hubbard  (1751)  of  his 
election  as  treasurer  of  the  church. 

Col.  Marshall  (1761)  was  captain  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1763  and  1767. 

Thomas  Marshall  (1761).  Authorities:  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Hurd's  Hist,  of  Middlesex 
Boston  Records;    Whitman's   Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.       County,  Art.,  Everett. 

1  See  Records  of  Boston,  1763,  1764. 


108  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,76i 

Col.  Marshall  (1761)  was  early  identified  with  the  militia  Having  served  for  years 
in  minor  military  offices,  he  was  promoted  to  be  major  of  the  Boston  regiment  in  1765, 
and  held  the  position  of  lieutenant-colonel  from  1767  to  1771.  He  was  commissioned 
colonel  of  the  Tenth  Massachusetts  Regiment,  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  Nov.  19,  1776, 
having  been  commissioned  colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment  on  the  10th  of  April  next 
preceding. 

March  8,  1776,  General  Howe  having  assured  the  selectmen  that  he  did  not  intend 
to  destroy  the  town,  Thomas  Marshall  ( 1 761 )  addressed  a  letter  to  Gen.  Washington, 
asking  him  to  assure  them  that  the  town  would  be  spared.  A  few  months  later  the  select- 
men, of  whom  Thomas  Marshall  (1761)  was  one,  addressed  a  congratulatory  letter  to 
Gen.  Washington,  to  which  he  replied.1 

Col.  Marshall  (1761)  died  at  Weston,  Mass.,  Nov.  18,  1800.  Upon  the  twenty-sixth 
of  that  month  the  following  obituary  concerning  him  appeared  in  the  public  press  :  — 

"  His  unblemished  morals,  even  from  early  youth,  have  done  honor  to  the  Christian 
religion,  which  he  firmly  believed  and  publicly  professed.  The  first  and  principal  part 
of  his  life  was  spent  in  Boston,  where  he  was  a  worthy  and  useful  citizen,  fair  in  his  deal- 
ings ;  to  the  needy,  helpful ;  to  his  friends,  generous  ;  to  strangers,  hospitable  ;  to  all, 
courteous ;  in  his  municipal  offices,  faithful ;  in  his  military  character,  distinguished. 
In  the  Revolution,  Col.  Marshall  [1761]  commanded  a  regiment,  displaying  his  love  to 
his  country  by  his  zeal  in  her  cause,  and  personal  bravery.  He  settled  in  Weston, 
where,  retired  from  the  bustle  of  the  world,  he  has  uniformly  practised  the  social  and 
relative  duties  ;  and  his  numerous  friends  and  relatives,  particularly  his  very  respectable 
widow,  can  testify  with  great  sensibility,  that  his  path  of  life  has  resembled  '  the  rising 
light,  that  shines  more  and  more  unto  the  perfect  day.' " 

Jeremiah  Stimpson  (1761).  In  1758,  he  was  a  member  of  Engine  Company  No.  8, 
of  which  James  Cunningham  (1758)  was  master.  Capt.  Stimpson  (1761)  was  elected  a 
warden  of  Boston  in  1766;  March  29,  1776,  was  appointed  one  of  the  committee  to 
look  after  the  cleansing  of  the  town,  and  Aug.  26,  of  the  same  year,  was  one  of  a  com- 
mittee of  thirty-six  persons  to  take  a  census  of  Boston.  In  the  Town  Records,  Aug.  26, 
1776,  Jeremiah  Stimpson  is  called  "Captain." 

Nathaniel  Thwing  (1761),  baker,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Mary  (Drew)  Thwing, 
was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  17,  1703,  and  married,  in  1727,  Joanna,  daughter  of  Thomas 
and  Lydia  Davis,  of  Boston.  Col.  Thwing  (,1761)  became  a  member  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1736,'2  and  rejoined  it  in  1761.  His  second  wife, 
Martha  Clap,  died  in  Boston,  Sept.  5,  1794,  and  was  buried  "from  her  late  home  near 
Oliver's  Dock." 

John  Webb,  Jr.  (1761),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Webb,  of 
Boston,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1 73 1.  He  never  held  any  town  office,  and  does  not  appear 
to  be  mentioned  in  the  town  records,  nor  is  his  name  found  in  the  lists  of  the 
militia. 


Jeremiah   Stimpson    (1761).      Authority:      in  Frothingham's  History  of  the  Siege  of  Boston, 
Boston  Records.  pp.  303,  304,  and  316,  317. 

1  This  letter,  and  Washington's  reply,  are  given  2  See  Vol.  I.,  p.  475,  of  this  History. 


,76i]  _HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I09 

Joseph  Webb,  Jr.  (1761),  ship-chandler,  son  of  Joseph  and  Abigail  Webb,  was 
born  in  Boston  Oct.  28,  1734.  He  married  (published,  Oct.  11,  1759),  m  Nov.,  1759, 
Penelope  Phillips,  of  Marshfield,  Mass.  He  became  one  of  the  leaders,  with  Warren, 
Revere,  Otis,  and  others,  in  asserting  the  rights  of  the  colonists,  and  in  early  life  began 
the  military  exercise.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Boston  regiment,  and  passing  through 
the  various  grades,  was  commissioned  ensign,  April  17,  1767,  and  captain  of  the  tenth 
company  in  this  regiment,  Nov.  26,  1776.  At  that  time  Henry  Bromfield  was  colonel, 
and  Jabez  Hatch  was  lieutenant-colonel.  Capt.  Webb  (1761)  was  commissioned  major, 
April  25,  1778,  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regiment  in  May,  1780.  In  August, 
1784,  he  is  recorded  as  its  colonel  In  1781  '  the  Boston  regiment  was  called  out  for 
active  duty,  and  under  the  command  of  Lieut.-Col.  Webb  (1761),  it  marched  to  New 
York  State,  and  did  important  service  at  Peekskill  as  a  reinforcement  of  the  American 
army.  It  was  thus  engaged  for  about  six  months.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1765,  and  its  ensign  in  1773. 

In  1 760,  his  place  of  business  was  at  the  lower  end  of  Water  Street.  He  is  recorded 
in  the  list  of  sufferers  by  the  great  conflagration  in  Boston,  of  that  year.  He  recovered, 
however,  from  his  loss  and  recommenced  business  in  Long  Lane,  now  Federal  Street, 
where  he  also  had  his  residence,  which  he  erected  in  1767.  He  acquired  considerable 
property  by  his  foresight  and  energy,  and  took  rank  among  the  first  citizens  of  the  town 
of  Boston. 

He  served  the  town  as  scavenger  in' 1760,  clerk  of  the  market  in  1766  and  1767, 
and  warden  in  1775  and  1776.  Sept.  9,  1776,  when  a  plan  was  adopted  by  the- town 
that  all  the  inhabitants  might  be  provided  with  fire-arms,  according  to  law,  Joseph  Webb, 
Jr.  (1761),  was  chosen  one  of  the  committee  to  carry  the  plan  into  effect.  Mr.  Webb 
(1761)  was  a  fireward  from  1777  to  1783  inclusive.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
of  Correspondence,  Inspection,  and  Safety,  in  1779,  and  an  overseer  of  the  poor  from 
1781  to  1784  ;  besides  he  served  on  several  important  committees  in  regard  to  the  filling 
of  the  quota  of  Boston  during  the  Revolutionary  War.  His  last  place  of  business  was  at 
the  head  of  Oliver's  Dock. 

Joseph  Webb,  Jr.  (1761),  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  about  1756,  and  was  master  of  that  lodge  in  1765-6.  Joseph  Warren, 
grand  master  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  nominated  Joseph  Webb,  Jr.  (1761), 
grand  marshal,  Dec.  27,  1769.  He  was  unanimously  elected.  May  1,  1771,  he  was 
appointed  by  Grand  Master  Joseph  Warren  senior  grand  warden,  and,  Dec.  6,  1771, 
deputy  grand  master.  R.  W.  Joseph  Webb,  Jr.  (1761),  held  this  last-named  office  at  the 
time  of  Gen.  Warren's  death.  The  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  met,  being  presided  over 
by  the  deputy  grand  master  until  March  8,  1777,  when  R.  W.  Joseph  Webb,  Jr.  (1761), 
was  elected  most  worshipful  grand  master.  He  presided  in  that  office  from  March  8, 
1777,  to  June  24,  1783,  and  from  June  24,  1784,  to  his  decease,  April  26,  1787.  He 
died  on  Thursday,  April  26,  1787, aged  fifty-three  years.  "The  burial  occurred  on  Mon- 
day, the  30,  from  his  late  dwelling  in  Long  Lane." 

"The  funeral  of  Joseph  Webb,  Esq.  [1761],  late  Colonel  of  the  Boston  Regiment 

Joseph   Webb,    Jr.   (1761)'     Authorities:  Dec.  7,  1781,  the  regular  election  of  officers  was 

Boston  Records;   Massachusetts  Archives;   Hist,  of  deferred   by   reason   of  the    M.  W.  Grand   Master, 

Joseph  Webb  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Boston;  Joseph  Webb  [1761],  being  absent  at  present  in  the 

Early  Masonic  Records.  service  of  the  United  States." — Grand  Lodqe  Rec- 

1  "  At  a  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  ords. 
A.  M.,  Paul  Revere,  Esq.,  presiding  as  G.  M.,  held 


110  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1761 


and  Grand  Master  of  Ancient  Masons,  was  on  the  30th  ult.  The  corpse  followed  by  a 
large  and  respectable  number  of  the  Brethren  from  the  different  Lodges  in  town,  orna- 
mented with  their  Jewels  and  arrayed  in  all  the  insignia  of  Masonry,  attended  with 
military  musick,  and  several  officers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  bearing  lighted  tapers.  Colonel 
Webb  [1761],  besides  the  offices  above  mentioned  had  sustained  several  important 
town  offices ;  and  all  which  he  discharged  with  credit  to  himself  and  to  the  approbation 
of  his  fellow  citizens.  He  died  in  the  fifty-third  year  of  his  age,  sincerely  regretted  by 
all  who  were  acquainted  with  his  worth  and  abilities."  ] 

Sanderson  West  (1761).  The  only  town  office  he  seems  to  have  held  was  that  of 
constable,  to  which  he  was  elected  March  23,  1753,  and,  Feb.  13  following,  he  accom- 
panied the  justices  and  others  in  their  general  walk  or  visitation  of  Ward  11.  His  will 
was  proved  in  1770. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1761  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  6th.  1761.  The  above  Committee2  met  and  agreed  on  the  following  pro- 
posals and  reported  accordingly,  Viz:  —  The  evening  being  spent  at  Sergt  Barretts 
[J7SS]-  Voted  1st.  That  when  any  person  offers  himself  for  admittance,  he  shall  be 
publickly  proposed  and  stand  Candidate  one  term ;  that  so,  none  may  be  admitted  but 
persons  of  good  repute,  who  are  able  and  willing  to  attend  on  training  days  and  bear 
their  part  of  the  expense. 

"Voted.  2'd.  That  the  members  of  the  Company  duly  attend  their  duty  on  training 
days,  study  for  peace,  unity  and  good  order  among  themselves,  that  so,  they  may 
encourage  the  Officers  of  the  Militia  &  other  suitable  persons  to  join  them,  &  support 
the  credit  &  usefulness  of  the  Company ;  always  keeping  to  those  good  and  wholesome 
Rules,  by  which  the  Company  has  subsisted  for  one  hundred  and  twenty-three  years. 
Signed  by  the  committee.  — 

"  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Joseph  Jackson  of  Brookline  be  desired  to  preach  on 
the  next  anniversary  Artillery  Election  of  officers  in  June  next;  and  that  the  present 
Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the 
same.  Attest :     John  Edwards.  Clerk. 

"May  8th.  1761.  Monday  being  unsuitable  weather,  the  Company  being  under 
arms  this  day,  viz  :  Friday,  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Jason  Haven  of  Dedham  be  desired 
to  preach  on  the  next  anniversary  Election  of  officers  in  June  next ;  in  the  room  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Joseph  Jackson  who  refused.  And  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with 
the  Treasurer,  John  Phillips,  Esqr.  [1725]  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  to  desire  the 
same.  Who  accordingly  waited  upon  him,  &  reported  that  he  had  accepted.  The 
Evening  being-spent  at  Sergt  Browns  [1756],  Voted,  That  twenty-four  pounds  be  paid 
by  the  Treasurer  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  Elec- 
tion dinner,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them. 

"Voted,  That  whoever  may  be  Captain  of  this  Company,  a  Captain  in  the  militia 
shall  not  be  obliged  to  serve  otherwise  than  Lieutenant,  and  a  Lieutenant  in  the  militia 
otherwise  than  as  Ensign,  and  an  Ensign  in  the  militia  shall  not  serve  as  a  Sergeant  unless 
a  Field  Officer  leads  the  Company. 

Sanderson  West  (1761).    Authority:  Bos-  '  Massachusetts  Centinel,  May  9,  1787. 

ton  Records.  2  See  p.  104. 


I762]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  I  I  I 

"June  ist.  1 761.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Jason  Haven  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  preached 
this  day.  The  evening  being  spent  at  Maj.  Symmes  [1733],  Voted.  That  Col.  Brattle 
[1729J,  Col  Phillips  [1725],  &  Col.  Jackson  [1738]  be  a  committee  to  settle  the  affairs 
of  the  moneys  due  from  Col.  Blanchard's  [1737]  heirs  to  this  Company  for  lands  sold 
them,  to  said  Blanchard  [1737],  according  to  their  best  skill  and  judgment. 

Rev.  Joseph  Jackson,  of  Brookline,  was  invited,  at  the  meeting  of  the  Artillery 
Company  on  the  first  Monday  in  April,  1761,  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
that  year.  He  "  refused  "  to  accept.  He  was  a  son  of  Joseph  (1738)  and  Susanna  Jack- 
son, and  was  born  in  Boston,  Dec.  22,  1734. 

Rev.  Mr.  Jackson,  who  had  previously  been  a  tutor  at  Cambridge,  was  ordained 
fourth  minister  of  the  church  in  Brookline,  April  9,  1760.  He  married  Hannah,  sister  of 
John  Avery,  Jr.,  of  Boston.  In  1790,  Mr.  Jackson  lost  his  only  son,  an  affliction  from 
which  he  never  fully  recovered.  His  health  failing,  he  prayed  that  his  life  and  his  use- 
fulness might  terminate  together.  His  prayer  was  answered.  He  preached  on  the  last 
Sabbath  of  his  earth  life,  and  died,  July  22,  1796,  aged  sixty-two  years,  having  been  pastor 
of  the  Brookline  church  thirty-six  years.  His  remains  were  deposited  in  the  family  tomb 
in  Boston. 

Rev.  Jason  Haven,  of  Dedham,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1761. 
He  was  the  youngest  son  of  Moses  Haven,  of  Framingham,  Mass.,  and  was  born  March 
2,  1733.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1754,  and  was  ordained  as  pastor  of  the 
First  Church  in  Dedham,  Feb.  5,  1756.  He  continued  in  this  relation  until  his  decease, 
May  17,  1803.  He  married  Catherine  Dexter,  daughter  of  his  immediate  predecessor, 
Rev.  Samuel  Dexter,  and  had  five  children. 

In  1769,  he  delivered  the  General  Election  Sermon;  in  1789,  the  Dudleian  Lecture, 
and,  in  1791,  the  Convention  Sermon.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which 
framed  and  adopted  the  constitution  of  this  State.  In  1783,  he  delivered  a  sermon  at 
the  funeral  of  Rev.  Samuel  Dunbar,  who  preached  before  the  Artillery  Company  in  1748. 
"  He  was  not  only  the  shepherd  of  his  own  flock,  but  he  trained  up  the  youthful  shep- 
herds of  other  flocks.  His  house  was  a  divinity  school,  in  which  several  students  were 
educated  for  the  pastoral  office." 


j-  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1762  were  :  Onesiphorus 

[  702.  Tilestone  (1747),  captain;  Jonathan  Cary  (1740),  lieutenant;  Thomas  Edes 

(1739),  ensign.    Jonas  Clark  (1756)  was  first  sergeant ;  William  Bell  (1756), 

second  sergeant;  John   Deming  (1756),  third  sergeant;  Daniel  Boyer  (1756),  fourth 

sergeant,  and  John  Edwards  (1747),  clerk. 

Feb.  11,  1762,  an  Act  was  passed  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Province, 
entitled,  "An  Act  to  incorporate  certain  persons  by  the  name  of  the  Society  for  propa- 
gating Christian    Knowledge    among    the    Indians  of    North    America."     The  Act  was 

Rev.  Jason  Haven.    Authorities:  Sprague's       Lamson's  Hist,  of  First  Church  and  Parish  in  Ded- 
Annals,  Vol.  I.,  p.  557;   Dr.  Prentiss's  Discourse,  on       ham. 
the   Sunday  succeeding   Mr.   Haven's    interment; 


1 12  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND 


[1762 


disallowed  by  the  Privy  Council,  May  20,  1763,  but  the  preamble  portrays  the  grateful 
spirit  of  our  fathers.  It  declares,  "The  signal  success,  with  which  it  has  pleased 
Almighty  God  to  crown  his  majesty's  arms,  calls  upon  us  to  express  our  grateful  acknowl- 
edgements to  the  author  of  it  and  to  demonstrate  our  gratitude,  by  endeavoring  to  spread 
a  Knowledge  of  his  religion  ;  a  favorable  opportunity  of  doing  this  among  the  Indians  of 
America  seems  now  to  present  itself,  as  the  French  of  Canada,  being  subject  to  his 
majesty's  dominion  have  it  less  in  their  power  to  obstruct  so  good  a  work,"  etc.  There 
were  eighty  persons,  besides  several  clergymen,  named  in  the  act  of  incorporation,  and 
among  them  the  following-named  members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  to  wit :  — 

William  Brattle  (1729),  Benjamin  Church  (1742),  Benjamin  Clark  (1733),  Christo- 
pher Clark  (1759),  Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756),  Alexander  Hill  (1746),  William  Homes 
(1747),  Thomas  Hubbard  (1751),  William  Hyslop  (1755),  Joseph  Jackson  (1738), 
Thomas  Marshall  (1761),  Moses  Peck  (1758),  John  Phillips  (1725),  William  Phillips 
(1762),  Isaac  Royall  (1750),  Joseph  Sherburne  (1745),  Ebenezer  Storer  (1732),  John 
Symmes  (1733),  Onesiphorus  Tilestone  (1747),  and  Jonathan  Williams  (1729). 

"  Boston,  June  7,  1762.  Friday  last  being  the  4th  instant,  his  present  Majesty  King 
George  the  3d,  our  most  gracious  and  lawful  sovereign,  entered  the  25th  year  of  his  age  ; 
on  which  occasion  his  Excellency's  troop  of  Life-Guards,  commanded  by  the  Hon. 
Brigadier  General  Royall  [1750]  were  mustered  on  the  Common,  and  performed  their 
exercise  in  the  morning ;  from  whence,  at  noon,  they  proceeded  into  King  Street,  went 
through  their  exercise,  and  also  performed  their  firings  :  at  which  time  the  guns  of  his 
Majesty's  Castle-William,  and  the  batteries  of  this  town  and  Charlestown  were  dis- 
charged. 

"  In  the  afternoon  his  Excellency's  Company  of  Cadets,  commanded  by  Col.  Jarvis, 
were  mustered ;  which  towards  evening  conducted  his  Excellency,  the  Governor,  the 
gentlemen  of  his  Majesty's  Council,  and  the  honorable  House  of  Representatives, 
together  with  a  number  of  gentlemen,  civil  and  military,  from  the  Court  House  to  the 
Assembly,  where  his  Majesty's  and  other  loyal  healths  were  drank  :  and  the  evening  was 
concluded  with  illuminations  "  '  &c. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1762  were  :  Caleb  Champney, 
Adino  Paddock,  William  Phillips,  Thomas  Stevenson. 

Caleb  Champney  (1762),  of  Dorchester  and  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Sarah  Champ- 
ney, was  born  in  Dorchester,  Nov.  23,  1740.  He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  served 
as  captain  therein.  Dec.  18,  1776,  Capt.  Caleb  Champney  (1762)  was  drafted  in  Boston 
for  service  in  the  Continental  Army.  He  did  not  pay  the  fine,  but  performed  the  ser- 
vice. In  1777,  he  was  one  of  the  searchers  after  blankets.  He  died  in  Dorchester, 
June  6,  1803,  aged  sixty-three  years.     His  wife  Sarah  died  Oct.  13,  1800. 

Adino  Paddock  (1762),  chair-maker,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1728,  and  married 
(published  June  22),  1749,  Lydia  (born  Oct.  20,  1729),  daughter  of  Robert  and  Lydia 
Snelling  of  Boston. 

He  is  called  "  chair-maker  "  by  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  in  his  history  of  the  Company. 
Mr.  Paddock  (1762)  was  a  builder  of  "chairs,"  as  the  light  one-horse  vehicles,  which  are 

Adino  Paddock  (1762).    Authorities:  Bos-       Boston;   Drake's  Biog.  Sketches  of  the  Cincinnati; 
ton  Records;    Shurtleff's  Des.  of  Boston;   Drake's       Early  Masonic  Records. 
Landmarks;    Sabine's   Loyalists;    Mem.   Hist,   of  '  Boston  Newspaper. 


i762]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  I  3 

now  called  chaises,  were  then  called.  He  was  also  a  coach-builder,  for  he  "set  up  "  the 
"  Burling  Coach,"  so  called,  in  Boston,  in  1762.  Mr.  Drake  calls  Mr.  Paddock  (1762) 
"  a  coach-maker  by  trade."  Between  Winter  and  School  streets,  on  Tremont  Street,  but 
much  nearer  to  Winter  than  to  School,  about  opposite  the  Park  Street  Church,  the  town 
granted  a  lot  of  land  to  Daniel  Maud,  the  school-master,  in  1637.  He  sold  it  in  1643  to 
Edmund  Jacklin.  The  shop  of  Major  Adino  Paddock  (1762),  coach-maker,  was  upon 
this  lot.  The  street  in  London,  on  which  were  the  principal  coach  manufactories,  was 
"Long  Acre,"  which  name  Major  Paddock  (1762)  gave  to  that  portion  of  (what  is  now) 
Tremont  Street  between  School  and  Winter.  The  name  continued  for  years  after  its 
author  had  left  the  town.     His  residence  was  on  the  same  street. 

Mr.  Paddock  (1762)  is  gratefully  remembered  on  account  of  the  English  elms  he  set 
out  opposite  the  Granary  Burial-Ground.  In  1734,  or  shortly  after  that  date,1  English 
elms  were  brought  from  Brompton  Park,  England,  by  Mr.  James  Smith,  and  were 
planted  on  his  estate  in  Milton.  About  1762,  some  of  these  trees  were  transplanted. 
It  seems  to  be  settled  that  the  most  prominent  person  in  this  work  was  Major  Adino 
Paddock  (1762),  and  that  he  was  assisted  by  John  Crane,  afterward  an  artilleryman,  a 
member  of  the  Tea-party  in  1773,  and  the  first  colonel  of  Massachusetts  Artillery  in  1777, 
under  Gen.  Knox.  The  trees,  transplanted  in  1762,  extended  from  the  present  Park 
Street  Meeting-house,  northerly,  probably  skirting  the  whole  front  of  the  Granary  Burial- 
Ground.  The  row  contained  about  sixteen  trees,  eleven  of  which  were  standing  in  1869. 
In  1873  these  were  removed  to  the  great  regret  of  many  citizens. 

•Major  Paddock  (1762)  was  much  interested  in  military  matters.  He  became  a 
member  of  the  artillery  company,  organized  in  April,  1763,  by  Col.  David  Mason  (1754). 
This  company  was  attached  to  the  Boston  regiment.  It  was  commonly  known  as  "The 
Train."  In  1768,  Lieut.  Paddock  (1762)  succeeded  Capt.  Mason  (1754)  as  its  captain. 
The  former  was  an  excellent  drill-master,  strict  disciplinarian,  and  received  instruction 
himself  from  the  artillery  officers  at  the  Castle.  The  company  became  distinguished  for 
its  drill,  efficiency,  and  material.  Col.  John  Crane  and  Gen.  Ebenezer  Stevens,  artillery 
officers  of  the  Revolution  and  early  members  of  this  company,  gained  well-deserved 
praise  for  their  skill  and  patriotism.  Many  members  of  the  company  were  Federal 
military  officers  in  the  Revolutionary  War. 

Col.  Paddock  (1762)  received  two  light  brass  field-pieces,  and  uniformed  a  number 
of  German  emigrants  with  white  frocks,  hair  caps,  and  broad-swords,  to  drag  the  cannon. 
These  pieces  were  first  used  June  4,  1768,  when  the  King's  birthday  was  celebrated.  At 
the  outbreak  of  the  war,  these  guns  were  kept  in  a  gun-house  on  the  corner  of  West 
Street.  As  Col.  Paddock  (1762)  adhered  to  the  royal  cause,  and  might  surrender  these 
guns  to  Gen.  Gage,  they  were  stealthily  removed  by  certain  young  patriots,  as  related  in 
the  sketch  of  Samuel  Gore  (1786),  who  was  one  of  the  patriotic  party. 

In  the  Records  o'f  the  Town  of  Boston,  Mr.  Paddock  (1762)  is  called  "Capt" 
first  in  1764,  "Major"  in  1772,  and  "Esq"  in  1773.  He  was  prominent  in  town 
matters,  being  chosen  sealer  of  leather  from  1759  to  1763  inclusive;  fireward  from  1764 
to  1774  inclusive,  and  warden  in  1772.  He  was  one  of  the  visitors  to  the  public  schools, 
July  1,  1772,  and  May  n,  1773,  and  one  of  the  two  persons  chosen  from  Ward  10  to 
superintend  the  location  of  the  new  street  lamps. 

Mr.  Paddock  (1762)  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity.     He  joined  St.  John's 
Lodge,  and  was  frequently  present  in  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  between  June  24,  1756, 
1  Mr.  George  H.  Allan,  in  Boston  Transcript,  Oct.  4,  1883. 


114  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,762 

and  Sept.  12,  1767.  He  was  appointed  by  M.  W.  Jeremy  Gridley,  G.  M.,  one  of  the 
stewards  for  the  Feast  of  St.  John  the  Baptist,  June  24,  1762.  Col.  Paddock  (1762)  is 
recorded  as  junior  warden  of  St.  John's  Lodge  in  1758;  senior  warden  and  master  in 
1759;  junior  warden  of  the  Masters'  Lodge  in  1760,  and  senior  warden  in  1761  and  1762. 
He  was  an  ardent  Tory,  and  joined  his  fortunes  with  the  British.  In  March,  1776, 
he  embarked  for  Halifax  with  the  royal  army,  accompanied  by  his  wife  and  his  three 
surviving  children, —  Adino,  Jr.,  Elizabeth,  and  Rebecca.  In  June,  1776,  the  whole 
family,  Adino,  Jr.,  excepted,  sailed  from  Halifax  to  England.  Major  Paddock  (1762) 
was  a  loyal  addresser  of  Gov.  Gage,  Oct.  6,  1775,  ar>d  he  was  proscribed  by  the  State  in 
September,  1778.  He  settled  in  1781,  with  his  family,  on  the  Isle  of  Jersey,  where  for 
several  years  he  held  the  office  of  inspector  of  artillery  stores,  with  the  rank  of  captain. 
He  died  there,  March  25,  1804,  aged  seventy-six  years.  Lydia,  his  wife,  died  at  the  Isle 
of  Jersey  in  1781,  aged  fifty-one  years.  He  received  partial  compensation  for  his  losses 
as  a  loyalist. 

William  Phillips  (1762),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Col.  John  (1725)  and  Mary 
(Buttolph)  Phillips,  was  born  in  Boston  Aug.  29,  1737.  Lieut.  William  (1762)  was  a 
cousin  of  Samuel,  John,  and  William  Phillips,  of  Boston,  sons  of  Rev.  Samuel  Phillips,  of 
Andover.  William  Phillips,  son  of  Rev.  Samuel,  had  a  son  William.  These  are  the  two 
William  Phillipses  prominent  for  many  years  in  the  Old  South  Church.  Lieut.  William 
Phillips  (1762)  married  (published),  May  1,  1760,  Margaret,  daughter  of  Hon.  Jacob 
Wendell  (1733),  and  their  son  was  John,  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate,  and  the 
first  mayor  of  Boston.  Their  grandson  was  Wendell  Phillips,  the  celebrated  anti-slavery 
orator,  of  Boston. 

William  Phillips  (1762)  did  business  in  Cornhill,  now  Washington  Street,  and,  as 
his  father  before  him,  kept  a  store  for  the  sale  of  English  goods,  including  books  and 
stationery.     He  died  June  4,  1772. 

Thomas  Stevenson  (1762),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston.  He  was  from  Scotland,  accord- 
ing to  "A  Ruff  Copy  of  a  List  of  the  [St.  Andrew's]  Lodge,  1763,"  where  he  received  the 
Masonic  degrees.     He  united  with  that  Lodge  in  1757. 

He  was  elected  constable  in  Boston  Sept.  16,  1776,  for  "  the  remainder  of  the  year," 
and  was  re-elected  in  1777.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1765. 
"  After  failing  in  trade,  he  was  long  a  constable  and  lived  to  a  venerable  age,  being  one 
of  the  last  who  kept  up  the  ancient  dignity  of  that  office."  Dec.  12,  1781,  he  was 
licensed  to  sell  tea  in  Boston,  under  a  bond  of  one  hundred  pounds.  In  1789,  he  is 
recorded  as  "  boarding-house  and  retailer  "  on  "  Ship  Street."  In  1 796,  he  was  a  constable, 
residing  on  the  same  street. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1762  is  as  follows  :  — 
"May  3'd  1762.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  Maj.  John  Symmes  [1733], 
being  of  the  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Locke  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next 
Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the  same.  The  evening  being 
spent  at  Sergt  Dolbeares  [1756],  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  twenty-four  pounds  to  the 
Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charge  of  the  Election  dinner,  and  the  Com- 
pany to  dine  with  them. 

William  Phillips  (1762).  Authorities:  Bos-  Thomas  Stevenson  (1762).    Authorities: 

ton  Records;   The  Pilgrims  of  Boston,  p.  277.  Boston  Records;     Early  Masonic  Records;    Whit- 

man's Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


1762]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  115 

"  Proposals  made  to  the  Company  by  some  of  the  members  of  said  Company  : 

"  Gentlemen  :  Unanimity  &  harmony,  as  well  as  regularity  in  the  conduct  of  our 
military  affairs,  is  a  becoming  character,  and  serves  to  make  us  reputable  in  the  eyes  of 
men.  It 's  a  piece  of  eminent  wisdom  to  appoint  seasons  and  Rules  for  the  various 
affairs  relative  to  the  Military  Company,  whereof  we  are  members.  The  dignity  of  the 
Ancient  &  Honourable  Artillery  Company  has  been  supported  by  the  members  of  it  in  a 
succession  of  years  in  such  a  manner  as  to  deserve  the  title  that  the  Legislative  Body 
was  pleased  to  confer  on  it,  and  it  seems  to  be  the  concern  of  the  present  mem- 
bers, that  the  dignity  and  honor  of  the  Company  should  be  supported  and  kept  up  in 
such  a  manner,  as  to  preserve  to  us  that  reputation  that  would  be  agreeable  to  all ;  and, 
at  the  same  time,  a  saving  in  expense  made  in  such  a  way  &  manner  as  would  undoubt- 
edly invite  a  number  to  join  us.  That  unless  something  of  the  above  sort  be  done,  we 
should  lose  the  benefit  of,  and  perhaps  ourselves  dwindle  away,  so  as  it  would  be  difficult 
for  us  to  maintain  the  reputation,  we  have  so  long  deserved.  All  seem  to  agree  in  this, 
that  a  saving  in  expense  would  be  agreeable  could  the  dignity  and  honour  of  the  Com- 
pany be  preserved.  In  consequence  of  which,  your  humble  servants  propose  the  follow- 
ing scheme,  vizt :  1st.  That  the  Company  for  the  future  break  up  at  Faneuil  Hall, 
should  leave  be  obtained  of  the  Selectmen  for  said  purpose.  2dly.  That  the  Governour, 
Council  &c  be  invited  on  the  anniversary  Election  of  officers  as  formerly,  to  dine  at 
Faneuil  Hall.  The  expense  to  be  paid  as  usual.  3dly.  The  Governour,  Council,  &c, 
after  the  Election  of  officers,  to  be  invited  and  entertained  as  usual  (at  Faneuil  Hall), 
the  expense  to  be  equally  paid  by  the  commission  officers  for  the  year  ensuing.  4thly. 
That  the  eldest  Sergeant  provide  for  and  entertain  the  Company  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  their 
muster  in  September,  as  follows ;  with  punch  and  wine  and  bread,  and  nothing  more. 
No  one  to  be  invited  unless  they  belong  to  the  Company.  Pipes  and  Tobacco  entirely 
excluded  ;  and  it  is  recommended  that  the  Company  dismiss  themselves  so  seasonable 
as  to  prevent  the  unnecessary  expense  of  candles.  Sthly.  That  the  2'd  Sergeant  provide 
for  and  entertain  the  Company  on  their  muster  in  October  agreeable  to  Article  4th  in 
every  tittle.  6thly.  That  the  3'd  Sergeant  provide  for  and  entertain  the  Company  on 
their  muster  in  April  next  agreeable  to  Article  4th  in  every  tittle.  7thly.  That  the  4th 
Sergt  provide  for  and  entertain  the  Company  on  their  muster  in  May,  agreeable  to 
Article  4th  in  every  tittle. 

"  Should  the  above  scheme  be  approbated  by  the  Company,  a  considerable  saving 
may  be  made ;  at  the  same  time  the  honour  and  dignity  of  the  Company  be  preserved, 
many  inconveniences  removed,  that  have  prevented  the  growth  of  it  and  a  prospect  of 
our  increasing,  arising  from  the  saving  in  expense,  and  in  particular  the  trouble  in  our 
family's.     The  above  voted  &  to  stand  during  the  pleasure  of  the  Company. 

"June  7th,  1762.  The  Company  being  under  arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Samuel  Locke,  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached 
this  day.  Attest :     John  Edwards,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Samuel  Locke,  of  Sherburne,1  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1762. 

'"Boston,  June  6,  1762.     Monday  being  the  before  been  previously  agreed   upon)   was   unani- 

anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers  for  the  An-  mously  chosen  to  be  their  Captain;   Mr.  Jonathan 

cient    Artillery   company,  when  a  sermon,  as  had  Cary  [1740],  Lieutenant;    and    Mr.  Thomas  Edes 

been  customary  on  such  occasions,  was  preached  by  [ I739j>    Ensign   for   the   ensuing   year."  —  Boston 

the  Rev.  Mr.  Locke  of  Sherburne;  and  in  the  after-  Newspaper. 
noon  Mr.  Onesiphorus  Tilestone   [1747 ]    (as  had 


H6  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[>763 


x  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1763  were:  Thomas 

I  70  2 .  Marshall    (1761),    captain;    Josiah    Waters    (1747),    lieutenant;    Jeremiah 

J     Belknap,  Jr.  (1745),  ensign.     John  Head  (1757)  was  first  sergeant;  David 

Spear  (1758),  second  sergeant;  Job  Wheelwright  (1759),  third  sergeant;  John  Skinner 

(1759),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Edwards  (1747),  clerk. 

Aug-  15,  1763,  His  Excellency  the  Captain-General  commissioned  the  following 
gentlemen  field  officers  of  the  regiment  of  militia  in  the  town  of  Boston,  viz. :  — 

Joseph  Jackson,  Esq.  (1738),  colonel;  John  Symmes,  Esq.  (1733),  lieutenant- 
colonel;  William  Taylor,  Esq.  (1738),  major;  Ephraim  May  (1765)  was  promoted  to 
be  ensign. 

The  officers  of  the  train  of  artillery  in  Boston  were  :  David  Mason  (1754),  captain- 
lieutenant;  Adino  Paddock  (1762),  lieutenant;  Christopher  Clark  (1759),  lieutenant, 
and  Samuel  Dyer  (1755),  adjutant. 

In  1763,  in  the  Boston  regiment,  William  Murray  (1758)  was  lieutenant,  and  David 
Spear  (1758)  was  ensign  of  the  colonel's  company;  Richard  Boynton  (1759),  was  first 
lieutenant;  Josiah  Waters  (1747),  second  lieutenant;  Thomas  Adams  (1765),  ensign  of 
the  lieutenant-colonel's  company ;  Daniel  Bell  (1733)  was  first  lieutenant;  John  Haskins 
(1768),  second  lieutenant,  and  Moses  Pitcher  (1760),  ensign  of  the  major's  company. 
The  following-named  were  captains:  Thomas  Marshall  (1761),  Onesiphorus  Tile- 
stone  (1747),  James  Cunningham  (1758),  William  Homes  (1747),  Jonathan  Cary  (1740), 
John  Leverett  (1750),  John  Gore  (1743),  Thomas  Dawes  (1754),  and  Benjamin  Andrews 
(1754).  The  following-named  were  lieutenants:  Samuel  Barrett  (1755),  Benjamin 
Phillips  (1755),  Jeremiah  Stimpson  (1761),  Samuel  Ballard  (1755),  Martin  Gay  (1761), 
and  Daniel  Jones  (1754).  The  following-named  were  ensigns  :  Benjamin  Eustis  (1763), 
Hopestill  Capen  (1763),  Ephraim  May  (1765),  William  Bordman  (1758),  Zephaniah 
Hartt  (1765),  and  Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.  (1756). 

The  birthday  of  George  III.,  in  June,  was  observed,  as  usual,  by  a  military  display, 
banquet  at  Faneuil  Hall,  illuminations,  fireworks,  etc. 

"  Boston,  October  31,  1763.  Tuesday  last  our  most  gracious  Sovereign,  King  George 
the  Third  entered  the  fourth  year  of  his  reign.  Upon  the  anniversary  of  his  Majesty's 
accession  to  the  throne,  the  guns  at  Castle  William  and  the  batteries  in  this  town  were 
fired  at  one  o'clock.  The  Troop  of  Guards,  commanded  by  Brigadier  General  Royall 
(1750),  the  Company  of  Cadets,  commanded  by  Colonel  Jarvis,  were  mustered,  and  after 
firing  three  volleys  in  King-street,  the  troops  proceeded  to  the  Greyhound  Tavern  in 
Roxbury,  where  an  elegant  dinner  was  provided  at  the  expense  of  the  Brigadier  General, 
and  the  other  officers  of  the  Troop  ;  to  which  entertainment  his  Excellency  the  Governor 
and  several  of  the  principal  gentlemen  were  invited." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1763  were:  Hopestill  Capen, 
Elias  Dupee,  Benjamin  Eustis,  John  Perkins,  Jr. 

Hopestill  Capen  (1763),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Capen, 

was  born  in  Dorchester  March  4,  1731.     He  married  Patience ,  who  died,  Jan.19, 

1 791,  aged  fifty-seven  years.     She  was  buried  from  their  house  on  Union  Street. 

He  was  elected  by  the  town  of  Boston  fence-viewer  in  1764,  warden  in  1768,  and 
scavenger  in  1770.    May  17, 1770,  a  list  of  persons  judged  "  to  be  inimical  to  the  United 

Hopestill  Capen  (1762).  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  Sewall's  Hist,  of  Woburn;  Porter's 
Rambles  in  Old  Boston,  N.  E. 


■ 


r 


^ 


<***** 


THOMAS      MARSHALL. 


1763]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  117 

States  "  was  presented  in  town  meeting,  and  a  committee  was  selected  to  apprehend  and 
confine  the  persons  named.  In  this  list  is  given  the  name  of  "  Hopestill  Capen  "  (1763), 
He  was  an  addresser  of  Gov.  Hutchinson  in  1774,  and,  the  same  year,  a  protestor  against 
the  Whigs.  In  religious  matters  he  was  a  Sandemanian,  and  tenaciously  followed  the 
tenets  of  Sandeman. 

"  At  the  end  of  Marshall's  Lane,  now  Marshall  Street,  on  the  corner  of  Union  Street, 
stands  a  low-studded,  three-story  brick  building,  worn  and  wrinkled  with  age,  evidently 
the  oldest  house  on  the  street.  This  has  been  for  several  generations  the  property  of 
the  Capen  family.  Mr.  Atwood  has  occupied  it  as  an  oyster-house  since  1826.  It  was 
previously  the  well-known  dry-goods  store  of  Thomas  Capen.  Here,  in  the  autumn  of 
1769,  'at  the  sign  of  the  cornfields,'  young  Benjamin  Thompson,  of  Woburn,  after- 
wards famous  as  Count  Rumford,  was  apprenticed  as  a  clerk  to  Hopestill  Capen  [1763], 
the  father  of  Thomas."  In  this  same  building,  "  at  the  south  corner  of  Marshall's 
Lane,  leading  from  Mill  Bridge  into  Union  Street,"  the  Massachusetts  Spy  was  published 
by  Isaiah  Thomas,  from  1771  to  the  commencement  of  hostilities.  Hopestill  Capen 
(1763)  was  connected  with  the  Boston  militia,  became  ensign,  and  afterward  lieutenant. 
He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1768.  It  wan  he  who  was  so  incensed 
against  Gen.  Heath  (1765)  in  1768,  when,  by  order  of  a  British  officer,  Gen.  Heath 
(1765)  led  the  Artillery  from  the  Common  without  beat  of  drum  or  salute  of  the  colors. 

He  died,  March  2,  1807,  aged  seventy-six  years,  and  was  buried  on  Copp's  Hill. 

Elias  Dupee  (1763),  schoolmaster,  of  Boston,  son  of  Daniel  Dupee,  and  Lydia,  his 
wife,  was  born  in  Boston  Dec.  31,  17 18,  according  to  the  town  records.  He  was  con- 
stable of  Boston  from  1770  to  1774  inclusive,  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1765,  and  its  clerk  in  1768.  An  Elias  Dupee  married,  in  Boston,  Aug.  17,  1796, 
Abigail  Folley. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  page  312,  says,  Mr. 
Dupee  (1763)  "kept  a  school  in  Boston  during  the  siege,  gratuitously."  Oct.  5,  1785,  the 
selectmen  appointed  a  committee  "  to  treat  with  Mr.  Winslow  respecting  a  Schoolhouse 
lately  improved  by  Mr.  Dupee  (1763)  known  by  the  name  of  Sandeman's  Meeting 
house,"  etc.  Mr.  Dupee  (1763)  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  and  is 
recorded  as  present  at  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge,  Oct.  28,  1763.  He  walked  in  the  Masonic 
procession  at  the  burial  of  the  remains  of  M.W.  Jeremy  Gridley,  Sept.  12,  1767,  and  was 
at  the  installation  of  M.  W.  John  Rowe,  Nov.  23,  1768.  "  1800.  Dec.  24,  Mr.  Elias 
Dupee,  of  Boston,  boarding  at  Mr.  Danl  Baker's,  JE  76,  of  old  age,"  is  probably  the 
only  record  of  his  death. 

Benjamin  Eustis  (1763),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Katharine 
(Ingersoll)  Eustis,  was  born  April  16,  1720,  and  married  (1)  in  Cambridge,  May  n, 
1749,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Abraham  and  Prudence  (Hancock)  Hill.  She  died,  May 
3°>  1775,  and  perhaps  he  married,  (2)  June  7,  1781,  widow  Elizabeth  Brown.  William 
Eustis,  who  studied  medicine  under  Dr.  Joseph  Warren,  dressed  the  wounds  of  the 
militia  at  Lexington,  became  surgeon  of  Col.  Gridley's  regiment  in  1775,  secretary  of 

Elias  Dupee  (1763).    Authorities:  Records  Memorials  of  the  Mass.  Soc.  of  the  Cincinnati,  1895, 
of  Boston  and  Dedhara;    Early  Masonic  Records.  p.  187,  says,  "Benjamin  Eustis  [1763]  was  a  lieu- 
Benjamin  Eustis  (1763).   Authorities:  Bos-  tenant  in  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Corn- 
ton  Records;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1878.  pany";  which  is  an  error. 


Il8  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i763 

war  in  1809,  minister  to  Holland  in  1815,  and  governor  of  Massachusetts  from  1823  to 
1825,  was  his  son,  born  June  10,  1753. 

Lieut.  Eustis  (1763)  was  a  fence-viewer  in  1759  and  1762  ;  visited  the  schools,  July 
4,  1770;  Nov.  8,  1776,  was  one  of  a  committee  to  make  an  account  of  the  town's  dam- 
age since  the  Boston  Port  Bill,  and  surveyor  of  boards  in  1778.  He  was  second  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1768.  Feb.  19,  1766,  and  April  11,  1785,  he  is  called 
"  Captain  "  in  the  town  records,  and  his  residence  is  located  near  Distil-house  Square 
in  1766,  and  in  Sudbury  Street  in  1785. 

Benjamin  Eustis  (1763)  died,  May  4,  1804,  aged  eighty-four  years,  and  his  remains 
were  buried  on  Copp's  Hill. 

John  Perkins,  Jr.  (1763),  son  of  John  and  Abigail  Perkins,  of  Boston,  was  born  July 
6,  1739.  He  does  not  appear  on  the  records  of  Boston  as  ever  holding  town  office.  John 
Perkins  (1763)  appears  on  the  early  Masonic  records  as  present  at  the  Feast  of  St.  John 
the  Evangelist,  Dec.  27,  1762,  at  the  Bunch  of  Grapes  tavern,  Boston,  in  company  with 
Thomas  Fleet  (1727),  Christopher  Clark  (1759),  Moses  Pitcher  (1760),  Adino  Pad- 
dock (1762),  William  Murray  (1758),  John  Joy  (1755),  and  other  members  of  the 
Artillery  Company,  who  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  First  Lodge,  in  Boston. 
Dec.  27,  1770,  he  was  present  at  Grand  Lodge  for  the  last  time.  Probably  service  in  the 
Revolution  and  subsequent  removal  from  Boston  prevented  further  attendance.  He 
attained  the  grade  of  major  in  military  service.  A  John  Perkins  was  a  charter  member 
of  Columbian  Lodge.  It  is  difficult,  as  Mr.  Marvin  (1865)  suggests  in  the  "Centenary 
of  Columbian  Lodge,"  to  distinguish  between  the  two  men  of  the  above  name  who  resided 
in  Boston  between  1762  and  1800. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1763  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  8th,  1763.  The  Company  being  under  Arms  in  Faneuil  Hall,  Voted  Unani- 
mously, That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Balch  of  Dedham  be  desired  to  preach  the  next 
Artillery  Election  Sermon,  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  Capt  William 
Homes  [1747],  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  Voted,  Unanimously  That  Col.  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]  be  Treasurer  of  this  Com- 
pany, in  the  room  of  Col.  John  Phillips  [1725],  who  resigns  that  trust.  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers  and  the  new  Treasurer,  Col.  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]  be  a 
committee  to  wait  on  Col.  Phillips  [1725]  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company 
for  his  past  good  services  as  Treasurer  &c  to  this  Company. 

"  May  2'd  1763.  The  above  Committee,  waited  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Balch,  to 
desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon.  Reported  that  he  had  accepted 
the  same.  Voted,  the  Company  being  at  Faneuil  Hall,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  twenty 
four  pounds  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defreying  the  charge  of  the  next  Election 
Dinner  &c  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That  an  addition  be  made  to 
the  Vote  passed  in  May,  1762,  of  cheese,  &  the  respective  Officers  to  invite  their  friends 
as  they  think  fit. 

"  Voted,  that  Col.  William  Brattle  [1729]  and  Col.  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]  have  the 
same  power  to  settle  with  Col.  Blanchard  [1737]  as  when  Col.  Phillips  [1725]  was  joined 
with  them. 

John  Perkins,  Jr.  (1763).  Authority:  Early  Masonic  Records,  —  Centenary  of  Columbian 
Lodge. 


1763]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  19 

"June  6th,  1763.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Thomas  Balch  &  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  preached 
this  day.1 

"  Copy  of  letter  sent  to  Mrs.  Blanchard  (widow  of  Col.  Blanchard  [1737])  by  the 
committee  of  this  Company:  — 

"Boston,  May  16th,  1763. 

"  Madam,  The  Honorable,  the  Artillery  Company  have  made  choice  of  us,  the 
Subscribers,  a  Committee  to  settle  the  Bond  &  mortgage  given  by  Col.  Blanchard  [1737] 
&  others,  to  a  Committee  of  said  Company,  formerly  appointed  for  that  purpose.  We 
should  be  glad  the  same  might  be  done  immediately  ;  &  the  rather,  as  your  son,  when  he 
was  in  Boston,  expressed  so  great  a  desire  of  the  same  ;  mentioning,  that  until  the  mort- 
gage was  discharged,  Mr.  Gordon  was  not  holden  to  pay  that  money,  which  for  some 
time  hath  been  really  yours,  &  would,  as  Mr.  Gordon  says,  have  been  paid  you  ere  this 
time  had  it  not  been  for  the  incumbrance  aforesaid.  We  are,  at  the  next  Artillery  Election 
to  make  report  of  our  doings  to  the  Company,  &  therefore  we  are  persuaded  it  would  be 
much  best  for  you,  that  Mrs  Blanchard  should  come  to  Boston  before  that  time,  and  treat 
with  us  upon  the  Premises ;  least,  if  nothing  should  be  done  before,  the  Company  should 
pass  a  vote  ordering  us,  or  another  Committee,  to  bring  an  ejectment  for  the  possession 
of  the  mortgaged  premises ;  which,  as  it  would  be  a  great  Damage  to  you,  so  it  will  give 
us  great  pleasure  to  prevent.  We  are  quite  desirous  to  do  every  thing  we  can,  &  as  soon 
as  may  be,  to  serve  Col.  Blanchard's  [1737]  interest,  touching  the  premises  consistent 
with  justice  to  said  Company ;  &  your  putting  it  in  our  power  so  to  do,  will  greatly 
oblige,  Madam,  Your  Most  Obedient  Servants, 

"  William  Brattle 
"Joseph  Jackson. 

"June  6th,  1763.  The  Committee  appointed  by  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  to  settle  a  Bond  &  Mortgage  with  the  Heirs  of  Col.  Blanchard  [1737]  have 
attended  that  service,  and  beg  leave  to  report  the  above  &  foregoing  letter ;  &  further, 
that  Mr.  Blanchard,  the  son  of  the  late  Col.  Blanchard  [1737],  at  tne  request  of  Mrs 
Blanchard,  his  mother  and  administratrix  on  his  estate,  in  consequence  of  said  Letter,  came 
to  Boston,  and  attended  your  committee,  paid  Col.  Jackson  [1738]  eighty  dollars;  and 
that  the    Balance    now   due  from    said  estate  to  said  Company,  as  settled  by  us,  &  the 

'"Monday,  June  6th  [1763].  Agreeable  to  "Monday,  June  6th' [1763]  being  the  Anni- 
custom,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com-  vetsary  of  the  election  of  officers  for  the  Old  Artil- 
pany  of  this  Province  appeared  under  arms,  being  lery  Company,  when  a  sermon,  as  has  been  custom- 
the  anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers  for  the  ary  on  such  occasions,  was  preached  before  them 
Company.  A  sermon  was  preached  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Balch  of  Dedham,  and  prayers 
Balch  of  Oedham,  at  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  offered  up  to  the  Great  Governor  and  Director  of 
where  his  Excellency  the  Governor,  the  members  of  the  Universe,  for  his  aid  and  guidance  in  the  choice 
his  Majesty's  Council  and  House  of  Representatives,  of  suitable  persons  to  parade  that  literally  small 
with  a  number  of  other  gentlemen  attended;  after  company  four  or  rive  times  the  ensuing  year :  and 
which  they  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  an  in  the  afternoon  the  following  officers  were  chosen 
elegant  dinner  was  provided;  and  in  the  afternoon  for  that  purpose,  viz:  Thomas  Marshall,  Esq. 
the  following  gentlemen  were  chosen  for  the  ensuing  Q 1 761 J  Captain;  Mr.  Josiah  Waters  [1747]  Lieu- 
year,  viz:  Thomas  Marshall,  Esq.  [1761],  Captain,  tenant;  Mr.  Jeremiah  Belknap  [1745]  Ensign;  Mr. 
Mr.  Josiah  Waters  [1747],  Lieutenant,  Mr.  Jere-  John  Head  [1757];  Mr.  David  Spear  [1758],  Mr 
miah  Belknap  C1 745 J  Ensign.  In  the  evening  a  Job  Wheelwright  [1759],  Mr  John  Skinner  [1759], 
plentiful  repast  was  given  by  the  officers  newly  Sergeants  and  Mr.  John  Edwards  [1747]  Clerk, 
elected,  at  Faneuil  Hall,  where  many  loyal  healths  The  drummers  we  hear  are  to  be  the  same  as  last 
were  drank."  —  Boston  Newspaper.  year."  —  Boston  Newspaper. 


120  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,-g, 

said  Jona'  Blanchard  is  .£365.7.9,  which  the  said  Jonathan  gives  your  committee  the 
fullest  assurance  of  discharging  in  the  following  manner  &  time  :  —  To  pay  in  one  month 
five  hundred  dollars,  part  of  said  debt,  and  in  the  Fall  make  another  payment  in  cash  ;  — 
the  residue  of  said  debt  then  give  undoubted  personal  security  on  interest  for,  to  the 
satisfaction  of  your  Committee.     All  which  is  submitted. 

"  William  Brattle, 
"Joseph  Jackson, 

"  Committee. 

"  Voted,  That  William  Brattle  [1729],  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]  and  John  Symmes 
[1733],  Esqrs,or  the  major  part  of  them,  be  and  hereby  are  empowered  to  take  such  personal 
security  as  they  shall  judge  sufficient,  providing  the  security  are  (persons)  Freeholders 
&  Inhabitants  of  this  Province,  as  may  be  tendered  &  given  for  the  discharge  of  the  sums 
due  to  the  Antient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company  of  this  Province,  from  the  Estate  of 
Col.  Blanchard  [1737]  &  others,  late  of  Dunstable,  deceased,  and  that  upon  such  security 
given,  said  committee  are  hereby  fully  empowered  to  discharge  the  Bond  &  Mortgage 
given  by  said  Blanchard  [1737]  to  said  Company. 

"  Attest :  —  John  Edwards,  Clerk. 

"September  5th.  1763.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  settle  with  Messrs  Edes  [1760]  & 
Gill  for  the  last  Artillery  Election  Sermons  which  was  preached  by  the  Rev'd  Mr.  Thomas 
Balch,  &  pay  them  for  the  remainder  of  the  300  Sermons,  that  were  not  subscribed  for ; 
&  also  that  the  Clerk  sell  them  to  they  [sic']  of  the  Company  at  eight  pence  each." 

Rev.  Thomas  Balch,  of  Dedham,  preached  the  Artillery  election  sermon  l  of  1763. 
He  was  an  only  son  of  Benjamin  and  Mary  (Prentice)  Balch,  and  was  born  in  Charles- 
town  Oct.  17,  171 1.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1733,  and  was  ordained  to 
the  gospel  ministry,  June  30,  1736,  in  the  South  Parish  of  Dedham,  where  he  died,  Jan. 
8,  1774.  In  1 74 1  he  received  the  degree  of  A.  M.  from  Yale  College.  In  1744  he  was 
appointed  by  the  committee  of  war  to  attend  the  army  on  the  Cape  Breton  expedition, 
as  chaplain,  and  was  absent  on  this  duty  sixteen  months.  He  prepared  several  students 
for  college  or  the  ministry,  among  them  being  his  son  Rev.  Benjamin  (Harv.  Coll ,  1763),  a 
chaplain  in  Paul  Jones's  squadron ;  his  nephew,  Moses  Brown  (Harv.  Coll.,  1768),  of 
Beverly ;  his  son-in-law,  Rev.  Manasseh  Cutler,  D.  D.  (Yale  Coll.,  1765),  and  probably  his 
other  sons-in-law,  Rev.  Moses  Everett  (Harv.  Coll.,  1771)  and  Rev.  Jabez  Chickering 
(Harv.  Coll.,  1774). 

Mr.  Balch  married,  Oct.  u,  1737,  Mary  Sumner,  of  Roxbury.  She  died  March  31, 
1798.  The  oldest  and  youngest  of  their  eight  children  were  boys.  Both  were  named 
Thomas,  and  both  died  in  the  service  of  their  country ;  one,  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years, 
died  in  1756,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  on  his  return  from  an  expedition  during  the  French  War, 
and  the  other,  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  died  in  1780,  off  Halifax,  as  is  supposed,  on  a 
British  prison-ship. 

'John   Phillips,   Esq.  (1725),  died   April   19,  merit  to  the  Artillery  Company,  as  well  as  a  great 

1763.    The  preacher  of  the  Artillery  sermon  in  1763  Blessing  in  the  other  various  public  Stations  which 

made  the  following  reference  to  him  :  —  he  filled  with  Honor,  Fidelity  and  acceptance.     But 

"Altho'  the  peculiar  Smiles  of  Providence  which  he  is  gone  1    Gone  to  be  here  no  more !      His  Piety 

attend  this  anniversary  Solemnity,  inspire  Joy  and  Integrity  Benevolence,  and  extensive  Kindness  and 

Gratitude  into  all  our  Hearts,  yet  we  feel  our  Sorrow  Goodness,  afforded  him  solid  Comfort  at  the  Ap- 

and  Mourning  renewed  for  the  Decease  of  the  late  proach  of  the  last   Enemy,  and  Victory  over  him. 

worthy  Colonel  Phillips,  who  was  so  long  an  Orna-  He  quitted  the  Field  of  Battle  with  Honor." 


i764]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  121 

,  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1764  were  :  John  Wins- 

[  704.  'ow    (I764)'    caPtamJ    James    Cunningham    (1761),    lieutenant;    Richard 

•  I     Boynton    (1759),   ensign.     William    Bordman  (1758),  was    first   sergeant; 

Andrew  Symmes,  Jr.   (1760),  second  sergeant;  Moses  Pitcher  (1760),  third  sergeant; 

Samuel  Simpson  (1759),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Edwards  (1747),  clerk. 

The  year  1764  is  memorable  on  account  of  the  great  depression  in  Boston,  occa- 
sioned by  the  prevalence  of  the  small-pox.  Many  of  the  merchants  and  traders  moved, 
with  their  goods,  into  the  country.  It  afflicted  fourteen  families  on  Fish  Street,  among 
which  were  Richard  Bulkley  (1722),  Benjamin  Eustis  (1763),  who  "lived  near  the  Mill 
Ponds"  ;  Edward  Proctor  (1756),  "  Schooner  Tavern  in  Fish  Street"  ;  Paul  Revere,  Capt. 
Levi  Jennings  (1764),  John  Coburn  (1 751),  William  Dawes  (1760).  June  30,  1764, 
the  selectmen  reported  that  during  the  preceding  six  months,  of  the  six  hundred  and 
forty-four  white  persons  who  had  the  small-pox  "  the  Natural  way,"  one  hundred  and 
two  died,  and  of  four  thousand  six  hundred  and  ninety  whites  who  had  it  by  inoculation, 
forty-three  died.  One  thousand  five  hundred  and  thirty-seven  persons  removed  into  the 
country. 

The  birth  and  coronation  days  of  George  the  Third  were  celebrated,  as  usual,  in 
1764,  but  the  Artillery  Company,  as  a  body,  very  seldom  participated  in  those  festivities. 
This  year,  as  the  election  anniversary  of  the  Artillery  Company,  and  the  twenty-seventh 
anniversary  of  the  birth  of  the  king,  both  occurred  on  Monday,  June  4,  the  latter  was 
celebrated  at  Concord,  where  the  branches  of  the  colonial  government  were  then 
sitting. 

Dec.  3,  1764,  the  governor  made  the  following  promotions  in  the  regiment  of 
militia  in  Boston,  of  which  Joseph  Jackson,  Esq.  (1738),  was  colonel;  William  Taylor, 
Esq.  (1738),  lieutenant-colonel;  Thomas  Marshall,  Esq.  (1761),  major;  Richard  Boyn- 
ton, Esq.  (1759),  captain;  Daniel  Bell  (1733),  captain-lieutenant;  Adino  Paddock 
(1762),  captain-lieutenant  of  the  train  of  artillery;  Christopher  Clark  (1759),  first 
lieutenant. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1764  were  John  Brocas,  Thomas 
Bumstead,  William  Hickling,  Jr.,  Levi  Jennings,  John  Osborn,  Jr.,  John  Winslow. 

John  Brocas  (1764),  sailmaker,  of  Boston,  was  probably  a  son  of  John  and  Ann 
Broccus  (Brocas)  and  was  born  in  1704 

Oct.  17,  1764,  the  selectmen  passed  upon  Mr.  John  Brocas'  (1764)  Province 
Account,  amounting  to  four  pounds  nineteen  shillings  and  ten  pence  half  penny.  He 
was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1766  and  became  ensign  in  the  militia. 
He  died  in  1770,  aged  sixty-seven  years,  when  administration  was  granted  on  his  estate. 

Thomas  Bumstead  ( 1 764^,  coach-maker,  of  Boston. 

Thomas  Bumstead  (1647),  the  emigrant,  died  in  1697.  He  had  a  son,  Jeremiah, 
born  Oct.  14,  1678,  who  married,  (1)  June  16,  1700,  Sarah  Abraham,  and,  (2)  March  8, 
1704,  Elizabeth  Bridges  Jeremiah  and  Elizabeth  (Bridges)  Bumstead  had  Jeremiah, 
born  March  26,  1708,  who  married,  (1)  Bethia  Sherwin,  Feb.  2,  1726,  and,  (2)  Sarah 
Howard,  March  18,  1729.     He  was  a  glazier,  and  died  about  Nov.  1,  1747. 

John  Brocas  (1764).  Authority:  Boston  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1864;  Boston 
Records.  ,  Records. 

Thomas   Bumstead  (1764).    Authorities: 


122  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1764 

Thomas  Bumstead  (1764)  joined  the  Old  South  Church,  July  3,  1763.  His  resi- 
dence was  at  the  corner  of  Bromfield's  Lane  and  Common  Street.  In  1766,  he  was 
fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company,  and  in  the  militia  became  a  major. 

After  Adino  Paddock  (1762)  had  left  the  country,  his  estate,  it  is  said,  fell  into  the 
hands  of  Thomas  Bumstead  (1764),  from  whom  Bumstead  Place,  opposite  the  Granary 
Burial-Ground,  on  Tremont  Street,  took  its  name.  Mr.  Bumstead  (1764)  continued  the 
manufacture  of  coaches,  etc.,  at  the  old  stand  of  Major  Paddock  (1762). 

After  the  evacuation  of  Boston,  it  was  desired  to  cleanse  the  town.  .A  committee 
was  therefore  appointed,  of  which  Thomas  Bumstead  (1764)  was  one,  authorized  to  go 
through  the  several  wards  and  have  such  houses  smoked  and  cleansed  as  needed  it;  and 
also  to  make  a  return  of  the  inhabitants  of  their  respective  wards.  Mr.  Bumstead's 
(1764)  ward  was  No.  11.     He  died  May  8,  1828,  aged  eighty-eight  years. 

William  Hickling,  Jr.  (1764),  mast-maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Sarah 
(Sales)  Hickling,  was  born  May  21,  1742. 

His  father  was  a  noted  distiller;  joined  the  Old  South  Church,  Jan.  17,  1730-1  ; 
became  a  founder  of  the   Eleventh   Congregational  Church,  Feb.  17,  1747-8,  and  died 

Dec.  10,  1774- 

William,  Jr.  (1764),  was  a  mast-maker  by  trade,  and  his  yard  was  on  Purchase 
Street.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the  town  of  Boston.  He  died  June  1,  1790,  aged 
forty-eight  years. 

Levi  Jennings  (1764),  hatter,  of  Boston.     He  married  Bethia .     His  place  of 

business  was  No.  75  Newbury  (Washington)  Street.  He  was  chosen  a  scavenger  in 
1765,  and  August  28,  1776,  was  chosen  a  juryman  for  a  court  to  be  held  at  Boston, 
Sept.  5,  Timothy  Pickering,  Esq.,  judge,  for  the  trial  and  condemnation  of  vessels,  and 
Jan.  11,  1778,  was  selected  as  juryman  for  a  Maritime  Court.  He  was  third  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1766,  and  a  captain  in  the  militia. 

Levi  Jennings  (1764)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  First  Lodge,  in  Boston, 
May  3,  1762.  He  was  present  in  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  several  times  between  1762 
and  1774.  At  the  installation  of  M.  W.  John  Rowe,  Nov.  23,  1768,  he  walked  in  the 
procession,  carrying  the  Bible  "  on  a  blue  velvet  cushion,  fringed  and  tasselled  with  gold." 

John  Osborn,  Jr.  (1764).  John  Osborn  (1764)  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artil- 
lery Company  in  1767,  and  he  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  military  service. 

Hon.  John  Osborn,  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church,  Feb.  25,  1721,  died  Aug. 
27,  1768,  aged  eighty  years.  John  Osborn,  son  of  John  and  Ruth  Osborn,  was  born 
May  16,  17  16.  Another  John  Osborn  died  in  September,  1791,  aged  fifty-one  years, 
and  was  buried  from  his  dwelling-house  in  Eliot  Street.  Hon.  John  Osborn  did  busi- 
ness on  Milk  Street;  also,  in  1760,  on  Long  Wharf,  and  a  John  Osborn  kept  the  Red- 
Cross  tavern  in  1 746. 

John  Winslow  (1764),  husbandman,  of  Marshfield,  son  of  Isaac  and  Sarah 
(Hensley)  Winslow,  of  Marshfield,  was  born  May  27,   1702;  married,  Feb.    16,   1726, 

William  Hickling,  Jr.  (1764).  Authorities:  John  Winslow  (1764).    Authorities:  New 

Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church;  Boston  Records.  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1863;   Whitman's  Hist. 

Levi  Jennings  (1764).    Authorities:  Bos-  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 
ton  Records;   Early  Masonic  Records. 


1764]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  23 

Mary  Little,  and  succeeded  to  the  Careswell  estate.  After  her  decease,  he  married  a 
widow  Johnson  (born  Barker),  of  Hingham.  He  had  three  sons:  Josiah,  Pelham, 
and  Isaac.  Pelham  was  a  major  in  the  British  army,  on  Long  Island,  in  1776,  and 
died  there. 

John  Winslow  (1764)  was  a  colonel  in  the  expedition  to  Nova  Scotia  in  1755,  and 
was  compelled  to  be  a  participator  in  the  exile  of  the  Acadians.  He  has  been  blamed 
for  the  cruel  removal  of  seven  thousand  people  from  their  native  country,  for  the  ruining 
of  their  homes  and  farms,  and  for  their  being  scattered  throughout  the  English 
colonies.  He  acted  under  orders  emanating  from  "reasons  of  state,"  for  Gen.  Winslow 
(1764)  was  eminently  a  generous  and  kind-hearted  man.  He  was  a  grandson  of  Gov. 
Josiah  Winslow,  of  Plymouth  Colony,  and  very  early  exhibited  a  liking  for  military 
exercise.  In  1740  he  held  a  command  in  the  regiment  that  was  sent  to  Cuba.  He 
became  a  major-general  in  the  British  line  ;  had  chief  command  of  several  expeditions 
into  the  Kennebec  country;  participated  in  the  conflict  in  Nova  Scotia  in  1755,  and  was 
commander-in-chief  at  Fort  William  Henry,  on  Lake  Erie,  in  1756. 

Mr.  Hutchinson  says,  "He  was  younger  brother  to  Capt.  Josiah  and  possessed  the 
same  martial  Spirit."  "  Capt.  Josiah,"  eldest  son  of  Isaac  and  Sarah  Winslow,  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  172 1,  and  was  killed  by  French  and  Indians  at  St.  George's  River, 
Me.,  May  1,  1724.  Edward,  another  brother  of  John  (1764),  for  some  years  was  judge 
of  probate,  became  a  royalist,  and  fled  to  Halifax,  where  he  died  in  1784,  aged  seventy 
years. 

John  Winslow  (1764)  died  at  Hingham,  April  17,  1774,  aged  seventy-two  years. 
His  portrait,  with  the  portraits  of  his  ancestors,  is  in  the  Library  of  the  Massachusetts 
Historical  Society.  Mr.  Whitman  (18 10)  says,  "His  sword  is  now  transmitted  in  the 
family.     His  bravery  was  proverbial  and  his  reputation  as  an  officer  excellent." 

He  was  captain  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1764. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1764  is  as  follows :  — 
"April  6th.    1764.     Monday  being  foul  weather;    being  under  Arms  the  Friday 
following,  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Woodward  of  Weston   be  desired  to  preach  the 
next   Artillery  Election  Sermon,  and   that   the    present  Commission  Officers  with  the 
Treasurer  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  &  desire  the  same. 

"May  7th.  1764.  The  above  Committee  waited  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Woodward  of 
Weston  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon ;  Reported  that  he 
had  accepted  the  same.  The  Company  being  at  Faneuil  Hall,  Voted,  That  the  Treas- 
urer pay  twenty-four  pounds,  &  the  Clerk  four  pounds  to  the  Commission  Officers, 
towards  defreying  the  charge  of  the  next  Election  Dinner,  and  the  Company  to  dine 
with  them.     Voted,  That  the  Clerk,  for  the  future,  settle  his  accounts  in  May  annually. 

"Attest:     John  Edwards,  Clerk. 

"June  4th.  1764.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  It  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Samuel  Woodward  &  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  preached 
this  day.  Attest :     John  Edwards,  Clerk. 

"September  3d,  1764.  The  Company  being  at  Faneuil  Hall,  Voted,  That  Col. 
Jackson  [1738],  the  Treasurer  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  be 
desired  to  let  out  the  Monies  that  is  or  may  be  in  his  hands  belonging  to  said  Company, 


124  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1765 


taking  good  and  sufficient  landed  security  for  the  same.  Voted,  That  Capt  William 
Homes  [1747].  Mr.  John  Deming  [1756]  and  Mr.  Samuel  Torrey,  Junr.  [1752]  be  a 
Committee  to  examine  the  former  Clerk's  Accounts,  and  to  look  over  the  List  and  to 
settle  with  those  that  are  in  arrears.  Attest.     Robert  Jenkins,  Ten's,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Samuel  Woodward,  of  Weston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  '  of 
1764.  He  was  a  son  of  Ebenezer  Woodward,  and  was  born  at  Newton,  Mass.,  in  1726. 
He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1748,  and  was  ordained  as  pastor  of  the  church  in 
Weston,  Mass.,  Dec.  25,  1751.  He  continued  in  this  relation  until  his  decease,  which 
occurred  Oct.  5,  1782,  at  the  age  of  fifty-six  years.  "He  died  greatly  beloved  and 
lamented  by  the  people  of  his  charge,  by  his  brethren  in  office,  and  by  an  extensive  circle 
of  acquaintance." 


S  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected   in    1765  were:  William 

I  VQ  ^\.  Homes  (1747),  captain;  Thomas  Dawes  (1754),  lieutenant;  Samuel  Torrey, 

^    Jr.  (i7S2).  ensign.    Benjamin  Edes  (1760)  was  first  sergeant ;  Joseph  Webb, 

Jr.  (1761),    second   sergeant;  Thomas  Stevenson   (1762),  third  sergeant;  Elias  Dupee 

(1763),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Robert  Jenkins,  tertius  (1756),  clerk. 

The  world-renowned  Stamp  Act  passed  the  British  Parliament,  March  22,  1765. 
A  copy  of  the  Act  soon  arrived  in  Boston,  and  it  was  reprinted  by  Edes  (1760)  and 
Gill  for  the  information  of  the  public,  in  a  folio  pamphlet  of  twenty-four  pages.  The  town 
took  immediate  action,  instructed  its  representatives,  and  sent  letters  to  Gen.  Conway, 
Secretary  of  State,  London,  and  to  Col.  Isaac  Barre,  M.  P.  On  the  14th  of  August, 
1765,  the  popular  indignation  was  manifested.  At  Hanover  Square,  at  the  junction  of 
Essex,  Orange,  and  Newbury  Streets,  stood  a  number  of  elms,  one  of  which  became 
known  as  the  "Liberty  Tree."  Upon  one  of  these  trees  two  effigies  were  suspended, 
one  of  which  represented  a  stamp  officer.  Toward  evening  the  effigies  were  taken  dow-n, 
placed  on  a  bier,  supported  by  six  men,  and  were  carried  in  procession  along  Orange  and 
Marlborough  Streets  and  Cornhill,  passed  the  town-house,  and  down  King  Street,  turning 
through  Kilby  Street.  A  new  building,  supposed  to  be  erected  for  a  stamp-office,  was 
demolished.  Thence  the  procession  proceeded  to  Fort  Hill,  where  the  effigies  were 
burned.  They  attacked  the  property  of  Andrew  Oliver,  father  of  Andrew,  Jr.  (1786), 
and  marching  to  the  Province  House,  dispersed. 

The  persons  who  prepared  and  suspended  the  effigies  were  John  Avery,  Jr.  (1786), 
Thomas  Crafts  (1765),  John  Smith,  Henry  Wells,  Thomas  Chase,  Stephen  Cleverly,  Henry 
Bass,  and  Benjamin  Edes2  (1760). 

After  the  Stamp-Act  riot,  it  was  resolved  at  a  town  meeting  to  preserve  order. 

Rev.     Samuel     Woodward.       Authority:  Woodward  of  Weston;    after  which  they  went  in 

Sprague's  Annals,  Vol.  I.,  p.  619,   note.  procession  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  was  a  very  ele- 

1  "  Monday,  June  4,  being  the  anniversary  of  gant   dinner  provided    by   the   company.      In    the 

the  election  of  officers  for  the  Ancient  and  Honour-  afternoon,   the    following   gentlemen   were   elected 

able  Artillery  Company,   His  Excellency  the  Gov-  officers  for  the  ensuing  year;  viz:   General  Winslow 

ernor,  with  as  many  of  the  Honorable  his  Majesty's  f  1 764J   Captain,   James  Cunningham    Esq    [1761] 

Council,  and  House  of  Representatives  as  were  in  Lieutenant  Colonel,  Mr.  Richard  Boynton  [1759J 

town,  and  a  number  of  other  gentlemen,  together  Ensign.     In  the  evening  there  was  a  genteel  enter- 

with  the  Company  attended  divine  seivice  at  the  old  tainment  at  Faneuil   Hall,  provided   by  the  newly 

Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a  sermon  adapted  to  elected  officers."  —  Boston  Gazette,  June  11,  1764. 
the  occasion  was  preached  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  2  Drake's  Hist,  of  Boston,  p.  695. 


i765]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 25 

In  consequence  of  the  above  resolve,  the  selectmen,  magistrates,  and  other  gentle- 
men of  the  town,  together  with  the  cadet  company,  several  companies  of  the  militia,  and 
the  company  of  the  train  of  artillery,  kept  night-watch  to  prevent  any  such  further  pro- 
ceedings. 

In  April,  1765,  the  field  officers  of  the  Boston  regiment  were  as  in  1764.  Among 
officers  of  the  line:  Jeremiah  Stimpson  ( 1 7 6 1 )  became  captain-lieutenant  of  Col. 
Jackson's  (1738)  company,  and  Edward  Jackson  (1758),  lieutenant;  Josiah  Waters 
(1747),  first  lieutenant;  Elisha  Eaton  (1768),  ensign;  Samuel  Ballard  (1755),  first  lieu- 
tenant; Ephraim  May  (1765),  lieutenant ;  William  Bordman  (1758),  lieutenant ;  Nath- 
aniel Ridgeway  (1756),  ensign;  Edward  Proctor  (1756),  ensign;  Thomas  Adams 
(1765),  lieutenant ;  Daniel  Bell  (1733),  captain;  Zephaniah  Hartt  (1765),  lieutenant, 
and  Timothy  Thornton  (1765),  ensign. 

In  the  train  of  artillery:  Adino  Paddock  (1762)  continued  as  captain-lieutenant; 
Christopher  Clark  (1759),  first-lieutenant;  Samuel  Sellon  (1765),  second  lieutenant; 
Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.  (1765),  lieutenant  and  fire  worker. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1765  were:  Thomas  Adams, 
Sarson  Belcher,  Samuel  Bradlee,  Clement  Collins,  Jr.,  Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.,  William  Cun- 
ningham, Samuel  Gridley,  Zephaniah  Hartt,  Nathaniel  Heath,  William  Heath,  John 
Leighton,  Christopher  Marshall,  Ephraim  May,  Dimond  Morton,  William  Perkins,  William 
Rogers,  Samuel  Searle,  Samuel  Sellon,  Asa  Stoddard,  Jonathan  Stoddard,  John  Stutson, 
Timothy  Thornton,  Ebenezer  Torrey,  William  Torrey,  George  Trott,  Edward  Tucker- 
man,  John  Wells,  David  Wheeler,  Jr. 

Thomas  Adams  (1765),  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1743.  He  was  published  to  Diana 
Paine,  Sept.  7,  1768.     She  died  Jan.  10,  1803,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Nov.  6,  1776,  he  was  chosen  one  of  a  committee  to  ascertain  the  damage  to  the 
town  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill,  and,  Feb.  6,  1777,  he  was  selected  from  Ward  1  as  one  of 
a  committee  to  prevent  monopolies.  He  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  militia, 
being  ensign  of  the  Fusileers  in  1787-8,  first  lieutenant  in  1792,  and  captain  of  that  com- 
pany in  1793,  1794,  and  1795.  His  residence  was  near  Charles  River  Bridge.  He  died 
Sept.  9,  1796,  aged  fifty-three  years. 

Sarson  Belcher  (1765),  hatter,  in  1786,  on  Newbury  (now  Washington)  Street,  son 
of  Moses,  Jr.,  and  Eunice  Belcher,  was  born  in  Braintree,  June  21,  1741.  Mr.  Belcher 
(1765)  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence,  Inspection,  and  Safety 
in  1779,  and  in  1780  was  one  of  a  committee  to  raise  the  town's  quota  for  the  Continental 
Army.  He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  in  1782  held  the  position  of  captain  in  the 
Boston  regiment. 

Aug.  20,  1788,  Sarson  Belcher  (1765)  with  five  others,  all  appointed  by  the  trades- 
men and  manufacturers  of  Boston,  issued  a  circular  letter  to  the  manufacturers  of  the 
country,  setting  forth  the  necessity  of  protection  to  home  industries.1 

He  never  held  any  office  in  the  town  of  Boston.  He  died  Dec.  24,  1794,  aged  fifty. 
two  years,  and  "was  buried  from  his  late  dwelling-house  on  Newbury  (Washington) 
Street,  opposite  the  White  Horse  Tavern."  His  wife,  Fanny,  died  Aug.  25,  1793, 
aged  fifty  years. 

Thomas  Adams  (1765V    Authority:  Bos-  '  Mem.  Hist,  of  Boston,  Vol.  IV.,  p.  75,  et seq. 

ton  Records. 


126  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND 


[1765 


Samuel  Bradlee,  Jr.  (1765),  was  elected  constable  of  Boston  in  1760.  He  was 
very  prominent  in  the  militia,  being  second  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  a  company  of 
artillery,  in  Boston,  in  1787-8,  and  was  chosen  captain  of  the  same  company  Oct.  15, 
1791.  He  held  that  position  until  Oct.  10,  1797,  when  he  was  elected  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  Boston  regiment.  He  died1  July  30,  1798,  in  commission,  and  was  buried  under 
arms. 

Four  companies  of  the  First  Regiment  and  Capt.  Wild's  Artillery  formed  the  escort 
at  the  burial.  Every  civic  and  military  demonstration,  possible,  was  made  out  of  respect 
to  the  memory  of  a  very  worthy  citizen  and  soldier. 

Clement  Collins,  Jr.  (1765),  carpenter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Clement  and  Sarah  Collins, 
of  Boston,  was  born  March  5,  1732.  He  was  published  Oct.  4,  1764,  to  marry  Hannah 
Jenkins,  of  Boston.  He  married,  (2)  Elizabeth  Currier,  published  Dec.  7,  1780.  He 
was  chosen  a  surveyor  of  boards  and  viewer  of  shingles  from  1771  to  1774  inclusive. 
In  1786,  he  resided  on  Fish  (now  North)  Street.  After  service  in  the  war,  he  was 
re-elected,  in  1778,  surveyor  of  boards,  also  from  1779  to  1783  inclusive. 

He  died  Sept.  10,  1798,  aged  sixty-five  years,  "an  honest  worthy  man." 

Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.  (1765),  japanner  and  painter,  also  carpenter,  of  Boston,  son  of 
Thomas  and  Ann  Crafts,  was  born  in  Boston  July  13,  1740.  He  was  published  May  12, 
1763,  to  marry  Frances  Gore,  daughter  of  Capt.  John  (1743)  and  Frances  (Pinckney) 
Gore.  Col.  Crafts  (1765)  died  Jan.  14,  1799,  aged  fifty-nine  years,  his  wife  Frances 
having  died  Sept.  4,  1788.  His  son  Thomas,  Jr.,  born  April  9,  1767,  delivered  the  oration 
before  the  town  authorities  July  4,  1791,  and  died  Aug.  25,  1798.  July  9,  I766,  he 
applied  to  the  selectmen  for  leave  to  frame  the  new  jail,  near  Mr.  Holbrook's  school. 
In  the.  same  year,  a  gallery  was  erected  on  the  westerly  side  of  the  Representatives' 
Chamber,  in  what  is  now  called  the  "  Old  State  House,"  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
public  "Thomas  Crafts,  Housewright"  did  the  work,  and  was  paid  therefor  fifteen 
pounds  six  shillings  and  five  pence. 

John  Adams,  in  his  diary,  under  date  of  Jan.  15,  1766,  says :  "  I  spent  the  evening 
with  the  Sons  of  Liberty,  at  their  own  apartment,  in  Hanover  Square,  near  the  Tree  of 
Liberty.  It  is  a  counting  room  in  Chase  &  Speakman's  distillery;  a  very  small  room  it 
is.  There  were  present,  John  Avery,  a  distiller  of  liberal  education ;  John  Smith,  a 
brazier;  Thomas  Crafts,  the  painter;  Benjamin  Edes,  the  printer;  Stephen  Cleverly, 
brazier  ;  Thomas  Chase,  distiller  ;  Joseph  Fields,  master  of  a  vessel ;  Henry  Bass,  George 
Trott,  jeweller,  and  Henry  Welles,"  etc.  Hanover  Square  was  the  corner  of  Washington 
and  Essex  streets.  Of  the  above  mentioned,  John  Avery,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Corn- 
Thomas  Crafts  Ci 765).  Authorities:  Bos-  '  "Died  yesterday,  Lieut  Col.  Samuel  Bradlee 
ton  Records;  Early  Masonic  Records;  Craft's  Me-  [1765],  Commandant  of  the  ist  Regiment.  A  gen- 
morial;  New  Eng.  Chronicle,  July  22,  1776;  Mass.  tleman  highly  esteemed  for  every  social  virtue.  In 
Archives;  The  Hundred  Boston  Orators,  p.  231 ;  this  untimely  stroke  of  death  his  bereaved  family 
Sumner's  Hist,  of  East  Boston,  p.  396;  Mem.  Hist.  bewail  the  loss  of  the  kind  husband,  the  tender 
of  Boston,  Vol.  HI.,  p.  183.  parent,  and  the  affectionate  brother.  As  an  active 
The  "  Orderly  Book  of  the  Regiment  of  Artil-  and  useful  citizen,  a  kind  benefactor,  and  a  generous 
lery  raised  for  the  defence  of  the  town  of  Boston,  friend,  Col.  Bradlee  [1765]  shone  distinguished  and 
commanded  by  Col  Thomas  Crafts  [1765]  from  June  will  long,  very  long,  be  lamented.  On  account  of 
1777  to  Dec.  1778,  also  called  the  '  Massachusetts  the  weather,  his  remains  will  be  interred  this  after- 
State's  Train,'"  is  printed  in  the  Historical  Collec-  noon  from  his  late  house  in  Dock  Square  at  c 
tions  of  the  Essex  Institute,  Vol.  XIII.,  Salem,  o'clock." —  Columbian  CentineL  Auz  1.1708 
Mass.,  1876.  *     '    /y 


1765]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  127 

pany  in  1786;  Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1765;  Benjamin 
Edes,  in  1760;  and  George  Trott,  in  1765.  Col.  Craft's  (1765)  shop  was  "opposite  the 
Great  Tree." 

Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.  (1765),  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew 
in  1762.  He  was  unanimously  elected  grand  treasurer  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  at  its  institution  Dec.  27,  1769,  by  M.  W.  Joseph  Warren,  and  served 
one  year.  Dec.  27,  1776,  Col.  Thomas  Crafts  appears  as  grand  treasurer,  and  in  1777  as 
junior  grand  warden,  p.  t.  Dec.  4,  1778,  he  was  elected  senior  grand  deacon;  Dec.  3, 
1779,  junior  grand  warden. 

Col.  Thomas  Crafts  (1765)  was  appointed  July  19,  1774,  one  of  a  committee  of 
twenty-four  to  select  a  proper  list  of  persons  to  be  added  to  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means.  The  committee  reported  the  names  of  fourteen  persons,  one  of  whom  was  Mr. 
Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.  (1765).  At  the  same  meeting  he  was  chosen  on  a  committee  selected 
to  receive  donations  for  such  in  town  as  are  sufferers  by  means  of  an  Act  of  the  British 
Parliament  for  shutting  up  the  harbor  of  Boston,  and  to  distribute  the  same.  Dec.  7, 
1774,  he  was  selected,  with  six  others,  to  bring  in  the  names  of  a  proper  committee  "  to 
carry  the  Resolutions  of  the  late  Continental  Congress  into  Execution."  He  served  as 
fireward  in  1775  and  1778,  and  in  1776  was  selected  as  one  from  Ward  4  to  "collect  an 
account  of  the  damages  sustained  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill."  May  3,  1777,  an  article 
in  the  town  warrant  was  "  To  take  the  mind  of  the  town  with  respect  to  the  best  method 
of  preparation  and  defence  at  this  important  crisis."  After  some  debate  a  committee  of 
nine  was  appointed,  of  which  Col.  Thomas  Crafts  (1765)  was  one,  to  report  later  in  the 
day.  It  did  report  in  favor  of  sinking  hulks  in  the  channels  of  the  harbor,  and  of  calling 
for  volunteers  to  do  duty  "  in  this  town  and  harbor,"  to  be  under  command  of  Col. 
Crafts  (1765). 

July  18,  1776,  the  Declaration  of  Independence  was  publicly  read  for  the  first  time 
in  Boston.  The  council,  representatives,  magistrates,  selectmen,  clergy,  the  militia,  and 
a  great  throng  of  people  were  present.  The  regiments  and  artillery  were  drawn  up  in 
King  Street,  at  one  o'clock  p.  m.,  when,  from  the  balcony  on  the  east  end  of  the  Old 
State  House,  the  Declaration  was  proclaimed  by  Col.  Thomas  Crafts  (1765).  It  was 
received  with  great  joy  by  the  people,  who  cheered ;  the  guns  of  the  harbor  and  of  the 
fortifications  answered,  and  the  artillery  fired  their  cannon  thirteen  times,  the  regiments 
fired  volleys  in  thirteen  divisions,  thus  indicating  the  number  of  American  States  united. 
The  evening  was  spent  in  festivity. 

Col.  Crafts  (1765)  in  1779  was  again  appointed  on  a  committee  by  the  town  to 
fortify  the  harbor,  and  on  another  to  determine  what  it  is  necessary  to  do  to  protect  the 
town  in  case  of  an  invasion  by  the  enemy,  and  in  November  of  that  year  was  called  upon 
to  devise  means  for  the  procuring  of  clothing  for  the  Continental  Army.  He  served  the 
town  of  Boston  as  selectman  for  several  years  immediately  succeeding  the  Revolution, 
also  in  1793  and  lT9&>  ar>d  was  county  treasurer  from  1788  to  1795  inclusive.  He  was 
for  many  years  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and  during  the  latter  part  of  his  life  acting  justice. 

Col.  Crafts  (1765)  was  the  subject  of  the  following  pithy  sarcasm,  supposed  to  have 
been  written  by  his  nephew,  Thomas  Crafts,  United  States  Consul  to  France  :  — 

"  Dear  Justice  Crafts,  fair,  factious  partisan ! 
I  like  thee  much,  thou  fiery-visaged  man. 
I  love  to  hear  tbee  charm  the  listening  throng 
Thy  head  and  wig  still  moving  with  thy  tongue  ! 


128  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1765. 

Thus  Jove  of  old,  the  heathen's  highest  God, 

Their  minor  Godships  governed  with  his  nod; 

In  this  you  differ  from  that  great  divine, — 

Once  from  his  head  came  wisdom,  ne'er  from  thine. 

The  mind  of  Justice  Crafts  no  subject  balks, 

Of  King-craft,  Priest-craft,  craftily  he  talks, 

Oft  have  we  heard  his  crafty  tales  and  laughed, 

But  never  knew  him  mention  justice-craft." 

The  Columbian  Centinel  notices  his  decease,  and  adds :  "  Funeral  from  his  dwelling 
house,  north  side  of  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  house,"  Jan.  16,  1799. 

William  Cunningham  (1765),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth 
Cunningham,  was  born  Sept  28,  1722.  He  was  published,  March  18,  1744,10  marry 
Abigail  Downes.  His  place  of  business  was  No.  9  Newbury  (now  Washington),  Street. 
He  was  a  brother  of  Major  James  Cunningham,  who  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1761. 
William  Cunningham,  Sen.,  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Hollis  Street  Church  in  1731. 
Capt.  William  Cunningham,  Jr.  (1765),  was  elected  constable  of  Boston  in  March, 
1750-1,  but  declined  to  serve,  and  paid  the  fine.  In  1779  William  (1765)  and  James 
(1761)  were  in  business  together.  In  1781  William  Cunningham  (1765),  when  proposed 
by  an  auctioneer  as  his  bondsman,  is  called  in  the  records,  "  Gentleman."  He  was 
identified  with  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain. 

Samuel  Gridley  (1765),  of  Boston,  probably  son  of  Col.  Richard  and  Hannah 
(Deming)  Gridley,  was  born  in  Boston  June  14,  1734,  and  died  in  October,  1801,  aged 
sixty-seven  years. 

Another  Samuel  Gridley,  son  of  Jeremiah  and  Abigail  Gridley,  was  born  Aug.  8. 
1734,  and  died  in  Dec,  1799,  aged  sixty-six  years.  Samuel  Gridley  was  published  Jan, 
10, 1759,  to  marry  Susanna  Hill.    He  was  third  sergeant  in  the  Artillery  Company  in  1767. 

Samuel  Gridley  (1765)  is  not  mentioned  in  the  Records  of  the  Town  of  Boston. 

Zephaniah  Hartt  (1765),  shipwright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Ralph  (1739)  and  Mary 
Hartt,  was  born  in  Boston  Dec.  19,  1724.  He  married,  Nov.  24,  1748,  Sarah  Copp,  of 
Boston.  He  lived  on  Charter  Street,  and  in  his  day  acquired  great  distinction  as  a  ship- 
builder. He  shares  the  honor  which  makes  "  Hartt's  shipyard"  forever  famous  in  our 
naval  history  as  the  place  where  the  frigates  "Constitution"  and  "Boston"  and  the  brig 
"Argus"  were  built.  In  the  militia,  he  attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant.  Nov.  8,  1776, 
he  was  selected  from  Ward  1   to  ascertain  the  damage  to  the  town  "  since  the  Boston 

Port  Bill." 

He  died  in  September,   1791,   aged  sixty-seven  years,  and  was  buried  from  his 

dwelling-house  in  Charter  Street. 

Nathaniel  Heath  (1765),  mason,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Mary  Heath,  was 
born  in  Boston  July  4,  1732.  He  was  published,  March  13,  1754,  to  marry  Mary  Adams, 
of  Boston.     He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1768. 

Oct.  28,  1767,  he  was  voted  forty  pounds,  due  him,  for  taking  down  and  repairing 
the  remainder  of  the  Widow  Crosby's  house,  near  the  Salutation  Tavern,  in  order  to 

William  Cunningham  (1765).    Authority:  Nathaniel  Heat*  (1765).    Authority:  Bos- 

Boston  Records.  ton  Records. 


1765]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 29 

widen  the  street  there,  and  Nov.  8,  1776,  he  was  selected  from  Ward  1  to  ascertain  the 
damage  "since  the  Boston  Port  Bill."  Feb.  4,  1777,  while  holding  the  rank  of  cap- 
tain, he  was  selected  by  the  selectmen  as  a  committee  to  search  the  houses  in  Ward  1 
for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  blankets  for  the  use  of  the  Continental  Army.  Capt.  Heath 
(1765)  was  probably  in  the  army  several  years,  where  he  attained  the  rank  of  major,  as 
his  name  does  not  again  appear  in  Boston  Records  until  Aug.  4,  1783,  when  he  was 
employed  to  repair  the  wall  of  the  North  Burial-Ground.  In  1796  he  resided  on  Charter 
Street. 

Major  Nathaniel  Heath  (1765)  died  in  Boston,  May  5,  1812,  aged  eighty  years,  and 
his  wife,  Mary,  died  Oct.  12,  1809,  aged  seventy-two  years.  Both  were  buried  in  Copp's 
Hill  Burial-Ground. 

William  Heath  (1765),  yeoman,  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Ensign  Samuel  and  Elizabeth 
(Payson)  Heath,  was  born  in  Roxbury,  March  2,  1737.1  He  was  of  the  fifth  generation  of 
that  family  who  inherited  the  same  real  estate  in  that  town.  The  old  homestead  of  the 
family  was  situated  at  the  corner  of  Heath  Street  and  Bickford  Avenue.  It  was  taken  down 
in  1843.  William  Heath  (1765)  was  brought  up  a  farmer,  was  fond  of  military  exercises, 
and  read  and  studied  every  military  treatise  obtainable.  He  thus  became  acquainted 
with  the  theory  of  war  in  all  its  branches  and  duties.  He  was,  when  quite  young,  ^ 
a  member  of  the  local  militia,  "  but/'  he  says,  "  through  the  inactive  state  of  the  military 
company  to  which  he  belonged,' in  the  spring  of  the  year  1765"  (it  was  May  6),  "he 
went  over  to  Boston  and  entered  a  member  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany." This  immediately  recommended  him  to  the  notice  of  the  colonel  of  the  first 
regiment  of  militia,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk,  who  sent  for  him,  and  importuned  him  to 
take  command  of  a  company.  He  was  commissioned  by  Gov.  Bernard  as  captain  of 
the  Roxbury  company.  The  governor  was  so  much  pleased  with  Capt.  Heath  (1765) 
that  he  publicly  declared,  "  he  would  not  only  make  him  colonel  of  the  regiment,  but,  if 
it  were  in  his  power,  a  general  officer  also."  Capt.  Heath  (1765),  and  other  members 
in  Roxbury  and  Dorchester,  used  to  walk  into  Boston,  carrying  their  guns,  to  attend  the 
drill  meetings  of  the  Artillery  Company.  He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1768,  and  its  captain  in  1770. 

In  the  beginning  of  1770,  Capt.  Heath  (1765)  wrote  addresses  to  the  public,  which 
were  signed  "  A  Military  Countryman,"  and  were  printed  in  the  Boston  Gazette,  in  which 
he  urged  "the  importance  of  military  discipline  and  skill  in  the  use  of  arms,  as  the  only 
means  that  could  save  our  country  from  falling  a  prey  to  any  daring  invader."^- 

During  Gov.  Hutchinson's  term,  Capt.  Heath  (1765)  had  no  command,  but  when, 
in  1774,  the  people  selected  officers,  he  was  rechosen  captain  of  the  Roxbury  company, 
and  the  same  year  was  elected,  unanimously,  by  the  officers  of  First  Suffolk  Regiment, 
colonel.  He  was  prominent  in  town  matters,  frequently  moderator  of  the  town  meet- 
ings;  in  1761,  represented  Roxbury  in  the  General  Court,  also  from  1771  to  1774;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Provincial  Congresses  of  1774  and  1775;  an  active  member  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Correspondence,  Safety,  and  Inspection ;  delegate  to  the  Convention  that 
adopted  the  Federal  Constitution,  in  1788  ;  State  senator  in  179 1-2  ;  judge  of  probate  for 
Norfolk  County,  from  1793  until  his  decease,  Jan.  24,  1814.  Several  times  he  was  un- 
successfully proposed  for  governor,  but  in  1806  he  was  elected  lieutenant-governor.     He, 

1  See  Memoirs  of  Major-Gen.  Heath  (1765),  containing  anecdotes,  details  of  skirmishes,  battles,  and 
other  military  events  during  the  American  War,  written  by  himself,  and  printed  at  Boston,  August,  1798. 


13°  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT  AND 


['765 


however,  declined  to  accept,  and  refused  to  be  qualified.  He  was  chosen  by  the  people, 
in  18 1 2,  a  presidential  elector,  and  was  president  of  the  College  of  Electors,  the  whole  of 
whom  voted  for  DeWitt  Clinton.  His  opponent,  for  presidential  elector,  was  Ex-Presi- 
dent Adams,  whom  he  defeated. 

In  1768,  several  regiments  of  British  troops  were  in- Boston.  On  a  field-day,  under 
command  of  Capt.  Heath  (1765),  then  lieutenant,1  it  appearing  probable  that  the  Artil- 
lery Company  would  not  leave  the  Common  until  after  the  roll-call  of  the  troops,  their 
v  commanding  officer  sent  orders  that  the  Artillery  Company  must  retire  without  beat  of 
drum,  and  that  there  must  be  no  firing  at  the  deposit  of  the  standard.  The  Company 
opposed  a  compliance  therewith,  but  Lieut.  Heath  (1765)  conceiving  it  his  duty  to 
comply  with  the  order  of  a  superior  officer  in  his  Majesty's  service,  marched  to  Faneuil 
Hall  in  silence,  and  without  firing.  This  appeared  to  some  of  the  members  an  infringe- 
ment of  their  privileges.  The  first  sergeant,  or  orderly,  Hopestill  Capen  (1763),  resented 
it  so  highly  that,  after  the  Company  was  dismissed,  he  went  to  the  top  of  his  house  and 
fired  his  musket  three  times,  and  subsequently  would  not  vote  for  Gen.  Heath  (1765). 

Feb.  2,  1775,  Capt.  Heath  (1765)  was  chosen  one  of  the  five  general  officers 
authorized  by  Congress  "  to  oppose  the  execution  of  certain'  acts  of  the  British  Parlia- 
ment/y  In  June,  1775,  he  was  made  a  provincial  major-general,  and  in  August  follow- 
ingfthe  Continental  Congress  conferred  the  same  rank  upon  him.  He  was  the  only 
general  officer  on  the  ground  on  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  organizing  and  directing  the 
armed  husbandmen  in  their  first  conflict  with  British  regulars.2  On  that  day  he  went  to 
Lexington,  accompanied  by  Dr.  Joseph  Warren,  afterward  major-general,  at  which  time 
the  latter  came  very  near  being  killed.  Gen.  Heath  (1675)  was  in  command  of  a 
brigade  near  Boston  until  the  spring  of  1776,  when,  in  command  of  six  regiments  of  the 
American  Army,  he  started  for  New  York.  He  remained  in  active  service  in  the  Hudson 
Valley  until  Feb.  10,  1777,  when  he  obtained  leave  of  the  commander-in-chief  to  make  a 
short  visit  to  New  England.  March  14,  1777,  he  started  from  Roxbury  on  his  way  back 
to  his  command,  but  before  he  reached  Worcester  an  express-messenger  overtook  him 
with  orders  from  Gen.  Washington,  assigning  him  to  take  command  of  the  Eastern 
Department,  Gen.  Ward  having  applied  for  leave  to  rejoin  his  command.  Gen.  Heath 
(1765)  returned  to  Boston,  and  took  command. 

June  4,  1779,  Gen.  Washington  ordered  him  to  join  the  main  army.  Polite  and 
affectionate  addresses  were  received  by  him,  on  his  leaving  this  department,  from  officers 
of  the  line,  staff,  and  department,  and  of  the  Boston  regiment.  On  the  nth  of  June  he 
left  Boston,  accompanied  by  a  number  of  officers  and  citizens  on  horseback  or  in  car- 
riages, who  attended  Gen.  Heath  (1765)  as  far  as  Worcester,  where  the  gentlemen  had 
ordered  an  elegant  dinner.  After  dinner  he  took  his  leave  amidst  a  shout  of  hearty 
wishes  for  his  health  and  prosperity.  On  the  22d  of  June  he  greeted  Washington  at 
West  Point,  and  was  assigned  the  command  of  the  troops  on  the  east  side  of  the  Hudson. 
Upon  the  discovery  of  Arnold's  treason,  it  was  to  Gen.  Heath  (1765)  that  Gen.  Wash- 
ington intrusted  the  command  at  West  Point.  May  22,  1779,  Major-Gen.  William 
Heath  (1765)  was  elected  by  Congress  a  Commissioner  for  the  Board  of  War,  — an 
honorable  appointment,  with  a  salary  of  four  thousand  dollars  a  year,  —  but  Gen.  Heath 
(1765)  declined  to  accept  it,  choosing  "rather  to  participate  in  the  more  active  opera- 

1  It  was  customary  before  the  Revolution,  and  so  continued  until  recently,  to  give  the  lieutenant  the 
honor  of  commanding  the  Company  one  field-day  during  the  year. 

2  Drake's  Hist,  of  Roxbury,  p.  388. 


1765]  HONORABLE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  -131 

tions  in  the  field."  Gen.  Washington  granted  him  another  furlough,  and,  April  21,  1780, 
he  set  out  for  Roxbury,  where  he  arrived  on  the  29th.  June  2,  1780,  the  commander- 
in-chief  ordered  him  to  Providence,  R.  I.,  to  advise  and  assist  the  French  on  their  arrival. 
Oct.  14,  1780,  the  French  having  previously  arrived  at  Newport,  R.  I.,  Gen.  Heath 
(1765)  was  ordered  to  proceed  to  West  Point  and  take  command  of  that  post,  where  he 
remained  until  May  9,  1781,  when  he  was  sent  by  Gen.  Washington  to  the  governors  of 
the  Eastern  States  to  present  the  distressed  situation  of  the  army  in  regard  to  provision, 
and  seek  relief.  Having  performed  the  mission  assigned  him,  he  left  Roxbury  for  the 
seat  of  war,  July  12,  1781,  where  he  arrived  July  29,  and  Aug.  18,  Gen.  Washington 
being  about  to  start  for  Virginia  with  the  larger  part  of  the  army,  Gen.  Heath  (1765)  was 
placed  in  command  of  the  Department  of  New  York,  which  position  he  held  until  April 
4,  1782,  when  the  commander-in-chief  returned  and  resumed  command  of  the  main  army. 

June  10,  1783,  Gen.  Heath  (1765)  was  general  of  the  day.  "  It  is  a  little  remark- 
able," says  Gen.  Heath  (1765),  "that  the  general  by  whose  orders  and  under  whose 
direction  the  first  guard  in  the  American  Army  was  mounted  at  the  foot  of  Prospect 
Hill,  on  the  evening  of  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  after  the  battle  of  that  day,  should 
happen,  in  the  course  of  service,  to  be  the  last  general  of  the  day  in  the  American  main 
army,  on  the  iofh  of  June,  1783,  to  inspect,  turn  off,  and  visit  the  guards." 

June  23,  1783,  Gen.  Heath  (1765)  started  homeward,  but  not  before  Gen.  Wash- 
ington had  placed  in  his  hands  a  sealed  letter,  "  to  be  read  at  his  leisure."  The  letter 
was  written  throughout  by  Gen.  Washington,  and  was  expressive  of  his  gratitude  to,  and 
affection  for,  Gen.  Heath  (1765).  "This  letter,"  said  he  to  Brissot  de  Warville,  in  1788, 
"  is  a  jewel  which  in  my  eyes  surpasses  all  the  eagles  and  all  the  ribbons  in  the  world." 

Gen.  Heath  (1765)  arrived  at  his  farm,  in  Roxbury,  July  1,  1783.  From  this  time 
until  his  decease,  except  from  1783  to  1790,  he  held  public  office.  He  died  Monday, 
Jan.  24,  1814,  and  was  buried  on  the  Friday  following  from  Rev.  Mr.  Porter's  church. 

Soon  after  the  House  of  Representatives  of  Massachusetts  was  called  to  order, 
Jan.  26,  1814,  Mr.  Otis  rose  and  announced,  "The  venerable  Heath  [1765]  —  the  com- 
panion of  Washington  —  the  honest  patriot  —  the  Christian  soldier  — has  paid  the  debt 
of  nature.  He  was,  before  his  decease,  probably,  the  only  surviving  major-general  of 
that  army  which  gave  us  Independence  ;  and  his  memory  is  dear  to  his  country." 

An  order  then  passed  that  "  the  Legislature  will  adjourn  on  Friday,  at  one  o'clock, 
to  attend  his  funeral,  and  that  the  members  will  wear  a  suitable  badge  of  mourning,  as  a 
token  of  respect  for  his  memory."  The  Senate  concurred  in  this  order.  His  funeral  was 
also  attended  by  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  from  respect  to  his 
amiable  character  and  patriotism.  He  was  a  genuine  republican,  affable  in  his  manners 
and  firm  in  his  principles.  So  plebeian  was  he  in  his  convictions  that  rather  than  allow 
his  name  "  to  stand  affixed  to  an  institution,  or  wear  a  device  which  is  construed  by  many 
of  our  fellow-citizens  the  indication  of  an  order  and  distinction  in  society,"  he  renounced 
the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati,  and  withdrew  therefrom. 

He  married,  April  19,  1759,  Sarah  Lockwood,  of  Cambridge.  They  had  four  sons 
and  one  daughter.  His  widow,  Sarah,  died  Oct.  16,  1814,  aged  seventy-eight  years,  eight 
months,  and  seven  days. 

Gen.  William  Heath's  (1765)  sword,  epaulettes,  and  military  sash,  "worn  during  his 
service  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution,"  belong  to  the  New  England  Historic  Genealogical 
Society.  They  were  exhibited  by  James  S.  Loring,  Nov.  4,  1857,  with  the  rapier  of 
Warren,  "wielded  as  it  was  on  the  field  of  Lexington  and  in  skirmishes  around  Boston." 


x32  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,765 

John  Leighton  (1765),  of  Boston.  His  birth  is  not  recorded  in  Boston.  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  John  Leighton  (1765)  and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  was  born  in  Boston  Sept.  22, 
1776.     It  seems  that  Mr.  Leighton  was  absent  from  Boston  from  1766  to  1775. 

In  175S  John  Laughton  joined  Engine  Company,  No.  7.  Jan.  22,  1766,  Mr.  William 
Sutton,  master  of  engine  No.  7,  presented  to  the  selectmen  Thomas  Bolster  in  place  of 
John  Loughton,  "  who  has  left  the  Province."  There  being  no  John  Leighton  on  the  town 
book,  there  is  a  possibility  that  John  "  Leighton  "  and  "  Laughton,"  also  "  Loughton," 
were  different  spellings  of  the  same  name. 

Christopher  Marshall  (1765),  of  Boston,  son  of  Christopher  (1724)  and  Elizabeth 
Marshall,  was  born  Nov.  19,  1728.  He  was  a  brother  of  Col.  Thomas  Marshall  who 
joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1761.  Christopher  (1765)  never  held  any  office  in  the 
town  of  Boston. 

Christopher  Marshall  (1765)  was  a  minute-man  at  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  and  was 
captain  of  a  company  in  Col.  Thomas  Marshall's  (1761)  regiment  (10th),  March  3,  1777. 
Capt.  Marshall  (1765)  was  present  at  the  execution  of  Major  Andre',  and  afterward  said, 
"  There  was  not  a  dry  eye  in  the  throng  of  brave  men  who  gathered  around  the  fatal 
tree."  He  was  also  present  at  the  surrender  of  Gen.  Burgoyne  and  Lord  Cornwallis. 
Although  never  wounded  in  the  many  battles  in  which  he  was  engaged,  his  coat  and  hat 
bore  marks  of  bullets. 

When  Capt.  Marshall  (1765)  joined  the  Continental  Army,  in  which  he  served  seven 
years,  he  removed  his  family  to  Connecticut.  After  the  war  he  returned  to  the  town  of 
Boston,  and  resided  on  State  Street. 

Ephraim  May  (1765),  of  Boston,  son  of  Ebenezer  and  Abigail  May,  of  Roxbury, 
was  born  in  that  town  Jan.  23,  1727-8.     His  wife's  given  name  was  Zabiah. 

Sept.  9,  1776,  the  town  clerk  informed  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  that,  agreeable 
to  their  recommendation,  signified  to  the  General  Assembly,  they  had  appointed  Henry 
Bromfield,  colonel;  Thomas  Dawes  (1754),  lieutenant-colonel;  Ephraim  May  (1765), 
major,  and  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  second  major  of  the  Boston  regiment  of  militia. 
Aug.  26,  1776,  Capt.  Ephraim  May  (1755)  was  one  of  the  thirty-six  persons  selected  to 
take  the  census  of  the  town.  He  represented  Ward  12.  Aug.  28, 1776,  he  was  elected  a 
warden,  but  was  excused.     He  served  as  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1773. 

He  died  in  May,  1797,  aged  sixty-nine  years,  and  was  buried  in  tomb  No.  124,  on 
the  Common  Burial-Ground. 

Dimond  Morton  (1765),  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  Morton,  Jr.,  and  his  wife  Amiah, 
or  Annah,  Bullock,  of  Plymouth,  was  born  in  Plymouth  about  1741.  The  birth  date  is 
not  recorded  in  Plymouth  or  Boston.  Mr  Morton  (1765)  married  Margaret  Johonnot, 
of  Boston.  She  died,  July  9,  1787,  aged  forty-five  years.  His  father  kept  the  White 
Horse  tavern  (site  of  the  Adams  House,  Washington  Street)  from  1760  to  1764.  Capt. 
Dimond  (1765)  lived  in  Sheaff's  Lane,  now  Avery  Street.  He  was  identified  with  the 
militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain. 

John  Leighton  (1765).    Authority:  Boston  Dimond  Morton  (1765).    Authority  :  Bos- 

Records.  _  ton  Records_ 

Christopher  Marshall  (1765).    Authority: 
Hurd's  Hist,  of  Middlesex  County,  Vol.  I.,  p.  508. 


,765]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  33 

William  Perkins  (1765),  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth  (Palfrey)  Perkins,  of  Boston, 
was  born  in  1742.  He  married,  Dec.  20,  1763,  Abigail  Cox,  by  whom  he  had  eight 
children.  The  second,  Samuel,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1791.  Mr.  Perkins(i76s) 
was  elected  scavenger  for  Ward  8,  in  Boston,  in  177 1  and  1772. 

William  Perkins  (1765)  was  a  member  of  Col.  Paddock's  (1762)  regiment  of 
artillery,  prior  to  the  Revolution.  At  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill  he  was  a  lieutenant  in 
Capt.  Callender's  company,  and  afterward  its  captain.  He  was  commissioned  a  captain 
in  Col.  Knox's  regiment  of  artillery,  Jan.  1,  1776;  in  Col.  Crane's,  Jan.  1,  1777;  was 
promoted  to  major,  Sept.  12, 1778,  and  served  through  the  war.  He  followed  the  fortunes 
of  the  American  Army,  and  was  at  Grenadier's  Battery,  N.  Y.,  in  June,  1776  ;  at  Harlem 
Heights,  in  October,  1776  ;  at  Fish  Hill,  in  December,  1776  ;  at  White  Hall,  in  November, 
1777;  at  Valley  Forge,  in  1777-8;  also  was  engaged  in  Sullivan's  Rhode  Island  Cam- 
paign, in  1778,  having  charge  of  the  artillery  and  military  stores  at  Providence  from 
November,  1779,  to  the  fall  of  1781,  and  afterward  at  West  Point.  Nov.  9,  1785,  he  was 
appointed  to  the  command '  of  Castle  William,  in  Boston  Harbor,  and  continued  in  com- 
mand, with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel,  until  the  island  was  ceded  by  the  State  to  the 
United  States,  in  1798.  Subsequently,  and  until  his  decease,  he  held  the  position  of  an 
inspector  in  the  Boston  Custom  House. 

William  Perkins  (1765)  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity.  He  united  with 
the  First  Lodge,  in  Boston,  in  1763.  He  is  recorded  as  present  at  the  St.  John's  Grand 
Lodge,  in  1760  and  1 76 1. 

Col.  Perkins  (1765)  died  at  Boston  of  yellow  fever,  Oct.  23,  1802.  The  Palladium 
of  Oct.  26,  i8oz,  says,  concerning  him,  that  he  was  "  a  worthy  citizen,  a  good  man,  whose 
engaging  manners  endeared  him  to  all  who  knew  him." 

William  Rogers  (1765),  cooper,  of  Boston.  He  was  a  culler  of  staves  in  1772, 1773 
and  1774,  and  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769.  In  the  militia  he 
attained  the  grade  of  lieutenant. 

Samuel  Searle  (1765),  tailor,  of  Boston,  son  of  George  Searle  and  Katherine  his 
wife,  was  born  in  1741.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the  town  of  Boston.  He  was  a 
Revolutionary  officer,  and  a  lieutenant  in  Col.  Craft's  (1765)  regiment.  He  died  at  his 
dwelling  on  Orange  Street,  Boston,  April  27,  1790,  aged  forty-nine  years. 

Samuel  Sellon  (1765),  farrier,  of  Boston,  married  (published,  Oct.  7,  1756)  Sarah 
Butler,  of  Boston.  He  was  a  native  of  England,  and  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
before  he  came  to  America.  He  was  not  bred  to  any  mechanical  trade,  but  when  he 
settled  in  Boston  he  took  up  the  business  of  a  farrier,  which  he  carried  on  for  some  years 
in  connection  with  other  branches  of  the  trade  of  a  blacksmith.  His  shop  was  in  Brom- 
field  Street,  on  the  spot  afterward  occupied  by  Washingtonian  Hall,  and  his  dwelling- 
house  was  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  street.    He  was  the  owner  of  both  of  these  estates. 

William  Perkin9  (1765).  Authorities:  Bos-  '  "Boston,   Wednesday,  November    9,   1785. 

ton  Records;   Memorials  of  the  Society  of  the  Cin-  William    Perkins    Esq.    [1765]   late    Major  in    the 

cinnati;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  corps  of  artillery  raised  in  tbis  state  for  the  Conti- 

Ed.  1842.  nental  army,  is  appointed  by  His  Excellency  the 

Samuel    Sellon  (1765).    Authorities:  An-  Governor,  and  the  Hon. Council, Captain-Lieutenant 

nals   of  Mass.   Char.   Mech.  Association;     Drake's  of  Castle  William  (so  called)  vacant  by  the  death 

Hist,  of  Boston.  of  Colonel  William  Burbeck."  —  Boston  Newspaper. 


134  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i765 

He  was  shrewd,  intelligent,  and  upright.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Massachu- 
setts Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 

March  n,  1745-6,  Samuel  Sellon  (1765)  was  elected  a  constable  of  Boston,  and  in 
1774,  one  of  the  five  wardens  of  the  town.  Feb.  7,  1752,  a  destructive  fire  "near  Marl- 
borough Street "  destroyed  Mr.  Sellon's  blacksmith  shop.  He  was  identified  with  the 
militia,  and  held  the  position  of  captain. 

Samuel  Sellon  (1765)  advertised,  May  26,  1790,  in  the  Columbian  Centinel,  that 
"  he  now  carries  on  the  business  of  Smith  and  Farrier,  in  Bromfield's  Lane  ;  ...  as  he 
has  had  about  thirty  years  practice  in  Farriery,  he  flatters  himself  to  be  well  acquainted 
with  that  art." 

He  removed  to  Weston,  Mass.,  about  1800,  where  he  died,  and  was  buried  in  the 
Chapel  Burial-Ground,  Boston. 

Asa  Stoddard  (1765),  bricklayer,  of  Boston.  Just  after  the  fire  of  Feb.  3,  1767, 
Paddy's  Alley  was  widened  and  straightened  from  Ann  to  Middle  (now  Hanover)  Street. 
It  became  North  Centre  Street.  Asa  Stoddard  (1765)  was  one  of  the  owners  on  that  alley, 
near  the  corner  of  Middle  Street.  He  was  one  of  the  representatives  of  Ward  5  on  the 
committee  selected  Nov.  8,  1776,  to  aggregate  the  damage  done  the  town  "since  the 
Boston  Port  Bill."  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769,  and  ensign 
in  1774.  Mr.  Stoddard  (1765)  was  drawn  as  a  juror  in  a  maritime  court,  Aug.  15,  1781. 
He  became  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  in  1765,  and  was  chosen  senior 
deacon  thereof,  Nov.  30,  1770,  held  the  office  of  steward  in  1772,  and,  Nov.  6,  1772, 
M.  W.  Grand  Master  Joseph  Warren  appointed  him  as  grand  sword  bearer  of  the 
Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge.  March  4,  1774,  he  is  recorded  at  Grand  Lodge  as  senior 
warden  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge. 

Administration  on  his  estate  was  granted  in  1787. 

Jonathan  Stoddard  (1765),  housewright,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1739.  His  wife's 
given  name  was  Sibylla.  June  1,  1768,  he  was  engaged  by  the  selectmen  to  widen  the 
ferry  ways  near  Winnisimmet  seven  feet,  and  to  make  all  necessary  repairs  there.  He 
was  elected  a  scavenger,  in  charge  of  Ward  5,  in  1775,  1776,  and  1777,  and,  Nov.  8, 
1776,  was  one  of  the  committee,  selected  from  Ward  5,  to  collect  the  account  of  damage 
since  the  Boston  Port  Bill.  A  committee  was  appointed  by  the  town  to  consider  "what  is 
necessary  to  be  done  to  prevent  danger  from  those  persons  in  Boston  inimical  to  the 
United  States."  March  14,  1777,  it  reported,  and  a  committee  of  one  from  each  ward 
was  appointed  to  take  the  names  of  refugees  and  other  disaffected  persons,  etc.,  and 
report  to  the  Committee  on  Correspondence.  Capt.  Jonathan  Stoddard  (1765)  repre- 
sented Ward  5  on  that  committee.  He  was  active  in  the  Revolution,  served  in  the 
army,  became  captain,  and  was  intrusted  with  important  duties.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  guard  over  the  tea-ships,  under  command  of  Edward  Proctor  (1756),  on  the  night  of 
Nov.  29,  1773.  He  was  drafted,  Dec.  18,  1776,  for  service  in  the  Continental  Army,  and 
not  paying  his  fine,  performed  the  service.  Feb.  4,  1777,  he  was  one  of  the  committee 
from  Ward  5  to  collect  blankets  for  the  Continental  soldiers.  Capt.  Stoddard  (1765) 
was  drawn  as  a  juror  in  a  maritime  court,  Nov.  14,  1781,  and  was  elected  surveyor  of 
boards  for  the  years  1780-4,  and  a  viewer  of  fences  in  1783. 

Asa  Stoddard  (1765).  Authorities:  Boston  Jonathan  Stoddard  (1765).    Authorities: 

Records;   Early  Masonic  Records;  Whitman's  Hist.       Boston  Records;    Early  Masonic  Records;    Whit- 
A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


i765]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 35 

Jonathan  Stoddard  (1765)  became  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  in  1779, 
but  was  present  at  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  Dec.  28,  1778  ;  was  proxy  for  Tyrian 
Lodge  of  Gloucester  in  1783;  senior  warden  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  in  1784;  and  in 
1784  and  1785  filled  minor  positions  in  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  being  then  a 
member  of  Rising  States  Lodge,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the  founders  in  1784. 

Capt.  Stoddard  (1765)  was  a  prominent  founder  of  the  First  Universalist  Church  of 
Boston,  and  Dec.  25,  1785,  was  one  of  the  five  persons  who  purchased  for  the  use  of 
that  church  the  building  erected  in  1741,  in  which  Rev.  Samuel  Mather  preached  from 
that  time  until  his  decease.  It  was  situated  on  the  corner  of  Hanover  and  North 
Bennet  streets.  He  died,  Jan.  18,  1790,  aged  fifty-one  years,  and  was  buried  "from 
his  late  dwelling  at  the  bottom  of  Cross  Street." 

John  Stutson  (1765),  housewright,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1741.  He  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  ;  was  second  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769,  and  lieutenant  in  1774.  He  was  in  military  service, 
and  became  a  captain. 

Capt.  Stutson  (1765),  at  his  decease  an  honorary  member  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company,  died  Aug.  8,  1799,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Timothy  Thornton  (1765),  paver,  of  Boston,  son  of  Ebenezer  and  Elizabeth  Thorn- 
ton, and  grandson  of  Timothy  (1691),  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  2,  1726. 

He  probably  lived  on  "  Copp's  Hill,"  as  April  20,  1763,  the  foreman  of  an  engine 
company  applied  for  the  premium  allowed  by  the  town  for  bringing  the  engine  to  work 
first  at  the  fire  "at  Mr.  Thornton's  house,  Copp's  Hill."  He  seems  to  have  been  in 
partnership  with  a  Mr.  Fosdick,  and  together  they  did  the  principal  paving  in  the  streets 
of  Boston  for  several  years.  The  price  paid  was  generally  twelve  pence  per  yard,  they 
finding  everything  but  gravel  and  stones.  In  1766,  Mr.  Thornton  (1765)  assisted  in  the 
repairs  upon  Faneuil  Hall,  and  his  bill  was  nearly  thirty-three  pounds.  He  was  second 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1767.     His  will  was  proved  in  1770. 

Ebenezer  Torrey  (1765),  baker,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Bethiah  (Bass) 
Torrey,  was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  31,  1741.     He  does  not  appear  to  have  held  town  office. 

Capt.  Ebenezer  (1765)  became  a  member  of  Engine  Company  No.  7,  Jan.  19, 
1763.  William  Torrey,  brother  of  Capt.  Ebenezer  (1765),  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1765. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  says  Mr.  Torrey 
(1765),  "  in  181 1,  presented  the  Company  with  a  new  Standard.1  He  made  a  will  about 
that  time  in  which  he  gave  them  $750  in  bank  stock,  his  children  having  all  deceased 
and  grandchildren  being  well  off,  but  some  young  members  of  that  day  made  remarks 
relative  to  the  old  members  who  attended  the  drill  meetings  regularly,  to  see  the  younger 
members  exercise,  enjoying  the  scene,  and  hovering  about  the  Company  in  the  field 
also.  These  remarks  hurt  their  feelings,  broke  up  the  custom,  and  coming  to  his  ears, 
he  made  a  new  will  and  gave  the  legacy  to  others.  A  solemn  warning  to  those  who 
make  themselves  too  officious,  before  they  have,  by  long  service,  become  acquainted  with 
the  customs." 

Timothy    Thornton    (1765).      Authority:       Boston  Records;  MS.  of  Mr.  Herbert  A.  Newton, 
Boston  Records.  of  Weymouth. 

Ebenezer   Torrey    (1765).      Authorities:  l  See  Columbian  Cenlinel,  June  5,  1811. 


136  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,765 

He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769,  and  its  ensign  in  1  787. 

At  the  time  of  the  siege  of  Boston  he  removed  to  Lancaster,  Mass.,  where  he  died 
March  14,  1818,  leaving  an  estate  of  over  one  hundred  thousand  dollars.  His  remains 
were  brought  to  Boston  and  deposited  in  his  tomb,  No.  4,  Granary  Burial-Ground.  His 
funeral  was  attended  by  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  at  No.  110 
Orange  Street. 

William  Torrey  (1765),  baker,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Bethiah  (Bass)  Torrey, 
of  Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  June  7,  1729.  He  married,  Sept.  17,  1750,  Abigail 
Nichols.  His  bakehouse,  in  1760,  was  at  "the  lower  end  of  Water  Street,"  and  was 
destroyed  in  the  great  fire  of  that  year.  In  company  with  the  justices,  selectmen,  and 
others,  he  made  the  general  visitations  of  the  town,  Feb.  16,  1762,  Feb.  15,  1765,  and 
Feb.  18,  1766.  He  was  a  scavenger  in  1759,  an  assessor  of  the  town  of  Boston  from 
1760  to  1768  inclusive,  and  a  surveyor  of  highways  in  1764.  Ebenezer  Torrey,  brother 
of  William  (1765),  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1765.  His  father,  William  Torrey, 
was  a  great  grandson  of  Capt.  William  Torrey,  who  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1641. 
Mr.  Torrey  (1765)  died  in  Boston,  Aug.  4,  1769. 

George  Trott  (1765),  jeweller,  son  of  Thomas  and  Waitstill  (Payson)  Trott,  of 
Boston. 

John  Adams,  in  his  diary,  under  date  of  Jan.  15,  1766,  mentions  meeting  Lieut. 
Trott  (1765)  at  the  headquarters  of  the  Sons  of  Liberty,  Hanover  Square.  Sabbath  Day, 
Sept.  6,  1795,  the  Brethren  of  the  Old  South  Society,  "Voted,  That  the  Treasurer, 
Deacon  Jonathan  Mason,  be  requested  until  further  directions  to  pay  Mr.  George  Trott 
[1765]  annually,  the  sum  of  Fifty  dollars,  for  his  weekly  services  in  conducting  the 
musick  of  the  Society." 

Aug.  24,  1770,  Lieut.  Trott  (1765)  was  chosen  a  petit  juror  for  the  August  court, 
served  as  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1767,  and  was  lieutenant  in  the 
militia.     He  was  living  in  Boston  in  1772. 

Edward  Tuckerman  (1765),  baker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Edward  and  Dorothy  (Kidder) 
Tuckerman,  was  born  in  Boston,  Dec.  27,  1740.  He.  served  his  apprenticeship  with 
William  Harris,  baker,  whose  daughter  he  married.  He  carried  on  the  business  of  a 
baker,  at  the  South  End,  for  about  fifty  years.  Some  years  before  Mr.  Tuckerman 
(1765)  "  relinquished  business,  he  called  together  his  delinquent  customers  on  a  New 
Year's  Day  and  gave  up  his  claim  to  every  one  who  acknowledged  his  inability  to  pay ; 
and  this  generous  system  he  continued  afterward  to  practice  during  his  business  years." 

By  the  town  records  of  May  25,  1767,  it  appears  he  owned  a  lot  on  the  road  to  the 
fortification,  and  very  near  it.  Aug.  29,  1776,  he  was  chosen  a  juryman  for  a  court  held 
in  Boston  Sept.  5  of  that  year,  "for  the  trial  arid  condemnation  of  vessels."  He 
was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  was  its  first  vice- 
president,  and  held  the  office  three  years.  The  first  successful  effort  to  protect  the 
property  of  the  citizens  of  Boston  against  loss  by  fire  was  made  in  1798  by  the  Massa- 

William  Torrey  (1765).    Authorities  :  Bos-  Records;   Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church;  New 

ton  Records;  MS.  of  Mr.  Herbert  A.  Newton,  of  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1889. 
Weymouth;  Report  of  Boston  Rec.  Com.,  No.  19,  Edward  Tuckerman  (1765).    Authorities: 

p.  1 33-  Boston  Records;  Annals  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Asso- 

George  Trott  (1765).    Authorities;  Boston  ciation;  Memorial  Hist,  of  Boston,  Vol.  IV. 


1765]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 37 

chusetts  Mutual  Company,  of  which  Edward  Tuckerman  (1765)  was  a  charter  member. 
He  represented  Boston  in  the  General  Court.  In  1789  and  1796  his  place  of  business 
was  on  Orange  (now  Washington)  Street.  He  died,  July  17,  1818,  aged  seventy-eight 
years. 

John  Wells  (1765),  coppersmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Hannah  Wells,  was 
born  in  Boston  Feb.  3,  1737.  "John  [1792],  son  of  John  Wells,  Jun.  [1765],  and 
Betty,  his  wife,  was  born  Dec.  3,  1763,"  in  Boston. 

Mr.  Wells  (1765)  lived  in  the  mansion  of  his  ancestors  in  Back  (now  Salem)  Street, 
at  the  North  End.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Charitable  Mechanic  Association, 
and  did  an  extensive  business.  Under  the  pastorate  of  Rev.  John  Eliot,  Mr.  Wells 
(1765)  was  a  deacon  of  the  New  North  Church,  of  which,  for  many  years,  he  was  a 
member.  He  was,  proverbially,  an  honest  and  kind-hearted  man.1  His  son  John  joined 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1792. 

Capt.  Wells  (1765)  was  a  constable  of  Boston  from  1767  to  1777  inclusive,  and, 
Nov.  6,  1776,  he  was  one  of  the  persons  selected  in  Ward  3  to  prepare  "an  account  of 
the  damages  sustained  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill."  Aug.  15,  1781,  he  was  drawn  for  a 
juror.     He  was  a  captain  in  the  militia  in  1783.     He  died  in  Boston,  June  14,  1789. 

David  Wheeler,  Jr.  (1765).  Messrs.  John  Green  and  David  Wheeler,  Sr.,  built 
a  fire-engine,  and  presented  it  to  the  town,  March  19,  1766.  It  was  accepted  by  the 
town.  The  engine  was  called  the  "Green  Engine,  No.  10."  A  new  company  was 
formed ;  David  Wheeler  was  chosen  captain  of  the  company,  and  David  Wheeler,  Jr. 
(1765),  was  a  member  of  it.  The  engine  was  placed  on  Pond's  Lane  (Bedford  Street), 
near  the  house  of  David  Wheeler.  The  corner  of  Bedford  and  Washington  streets  was 
called  "Wheeler's  Corner."  They  left  the  engine  company,  Aug.  31,  1768.  David,  Jr. 
(1765),  was  a  scavenger  in  Boston  in  1770,  and  a  lieutenant  in  the  militia. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1765  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  5th,  1765.  Monday  being  unsuitable  weather;  the  Company  under  Arms 
this  day,  viz  Friday,  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gad  Hitchcock  of  Pembroke  be  desired 
to  preach  on  the  anniversary  Artillery  Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  and  that  the 
present  Commission  Officers  with  the  Treasurer  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and 
desire  the  same.  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"  May  6th,  1765.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  the  above  Committee  waited 
on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gad  Hitchcock  of  Pembroke,  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery 
Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the  same.  Voted,  to  repeal  a  vote 
passed  the  sixth  of  April,  1761,  viz: — That  when  any  person  offers  himself  for  admit- 
tance, he  shall  be  publickly  proposed  and  stand  a  candidate  one  term.  Voted,  That  the 
Treasurer  pay  twenty-four  pounds  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the 
charge  of  the  next  Election  dinner,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That 
the  Clerk  pay  four  pounds  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of 
the  next  Election  dinner.     Voted,  That  Robert  Jenkins  [1756],  the  present  Clerk,  have 

John   Wells    (1765).      Authority:    Boston  '  Annals   Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association,  pp. 

Records.  45,  46. 

David  Wheeler,  Jr.  (1765).     Authority: 
Boston  Records. 


138  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I?66 

one  quarter  part  of  the  fines  he  shall  collect  the  present  year  from  the  delinquent  mem- 
bers of  the  Company.  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"June  3d.  1765.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Gad  Hitchcock  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached 
this  day.1  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Gad  Hitchcock,  of  Pembroke,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1765. 
He  was  a  son  of  Capt.  Ebenezer  and  Mary  (Sheldon)  Hitchcock,  and  was  born  Feb.  12, 
1719,  at  Springfield,  Mass.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1743.  Dec.  22,  1748, 
he  married  Dorothy  Angier,  of  Cambridge.  She  was  a  granddaughter  of  Rev.  Urian 
Oakes  who  delivered  the  anniversary  sermon  before  the  Artillery  Company  in  1672. 
Mr.  Hitchcock  was  invited,  Feb.  29,  1747,  to  settle  with  the  parish  at  Pembroke.  He 
accepted  the  invitation,  and  was  ordained  on  the  "first  Wednesday  in  October,  1748." 
In  December,  1749,  Mr.  Hitchcock  bought  in  Pembroke  a  house  that  is  still  standing, 
and  seventeen  acres  of  land.  There  he  passed  his  days  ;  there  he  died,  full  of  years  and 
honors. 

In  1758  he  was  chaplain  of  Col.  Doty's  regiment,  and  followed  the  fortunes  of  war. 
In  May,  1774,  he  delivered  the  election  sermon  in  the  Old  South  Church.  Gov.  Gage 
was  present.  Mr.  Hitchcock  chose  as  his  text,  "  When  the  righteous  are  in  authority, 
the  people  rejoice;  when  the  wicked  beareth  rule,  the  people  mourn."  Prov.  xxix.  2. 
Dr.  Hitchcock,  in  after  years,  said  it  was  a  moving  discourse,  inasmuch  as  it  moved  many 
of  the  congregation  out  of  the  house,  —  referring  to  the  loyalists,  who  left  the  church  in 
their  indignation.  He  was  elected,  July  12,  1779,  a  member  of  the  convention  to  frame 
a  constitution  for  Massachusetts.  He  died,  Aug.  3,  1803,  after  an  illness  of  four  years. 
He  was  in  the  eighty-fifth  year  of  his  age,  and  the  fifty-eighth  of  his  ministry. 


,   s  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1766  were:    Thomas 

[  TuQ,  Dawes  (1754),  captain;  Samuel  Barrett  (1755),  lieutenant;  Edward  Carnes 

( 1755),  ensign.       William  Dawes    (1760)  was  first  sergeant;  John  Brocas 

(1764),  second  sergeant;    Levi  Jennings   (1764),  third  sergeant;   Thomas  Bumstead 

(1764),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Robert  Jenkins,  tertius  (1756),  clerk. 

The  Stamp  Act  was  repealed  March  18,  1766,  and  May  16  a  copy  of  the  Act  of 
Repeal  was  received  in  Boston.  It  was  an  occasion  of  great  joy  in  the  town  and  through- 
out the  province.  Anticipating  the  expression  of  this  joy,  the  town  voted,  April  21,  1766, 
"  That  for  the  Security  of  the  Powder  House  on  the  Night  of  general  Rejoicings,  the 
Selectmen  be  desired  to  Order  two  of  the  Fire  Engines  into  the  Common  to  be  placed 

Rev.  Gad   Hitchcock.     Authority:  Hitch-  Majesty's  Council,  etc.  to   the  Old  Brick  Meeting 

cock  Genealogy.  House,  where  a  Sermon   suitable  to  the  Occasion 

1  "  Monday  last  being  the  anniversary  of  the  was  preached   by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gad  Hitchcock  of 

Election  of   Officers  for  the  antient  and   honorable  Hanover.     After  which  they  proceeded  to  Faneuil 

Artillery  Company,  the  following  Gentlemen  were  Hall,  where  an  elegant  Dinner  was  provided  by  the 

chosen  for  the  ensuing  year,  viz :    William  Homes,  Company;    and  in   the   Evening   the    new  elected 

Esq   [1747]  Captain,    Thomas  Dawes  Esq  [1754]  Officers  made  a  generous  Entertainment  when  many 

Lieutenant,    Mr.  Samuel  Torrey  Jr.  [1752]  Ensign.  loyal  Healths  were  drank."  —  Boston  Gazette,  June 

Previous  to  the   Choice  the   Company  waited   on  10,  1765. 
his  Excellency  the  Governor,  the   Honorable   his 


/ZZfOf 


i766]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 39 

near  said  Magazine  :  and  that  the  Roof  thereof  be  well  wet :  and  that  the  Air  Holes  be 
stop't  with  Mortar  and  Brick."  May  19  was  the  day  of  rejoicing.  In  early  morning  and 
during  the  day  cannon  were  fired  and  bells  rung.  In  the  evening  there  was  a  general 
illumination,  and  also  a  display  of  fireworks.  In  the  front  windows  of  Capt.  Dawes' 
(1754)  and  Thomas  Symmes'  (1758)  houses  appeared  the  portrait  of  Mr.  Pitt,  "as  large 
as  life,"  with  this  inscription  :  — 

"Hail,  Pitt!  Hail,  patrons!  pride  of  George's  days! 
How  round  the  globe  expand  your   patriot  rays ! 
And  the  New  World  is  brightened  with  the  blaze." 

The  following-named  were  officers  in  Col.  Jackson's  (1738)  regiment,  commissioned 
May  17,  1766,  viz.:  Jeremiah  Stimpson  (1761),  captain;  Josiah  Waters  (1747),  captain; 
Samuel  Ballard  (1755),  captain-lieutenant  of  the  colonel's  company;  Martin  Gay  (1761), 
first  lieutenant  of  the  lieutenant-colonel's  company;  Daniel  Jones  (1754),  first  lieutenant 
of  the  major's  company  ;  Ephraim  Copeland  (1733),  lieutenant  of  Capt.  Gore's  (1743) 
company;  John  Adams  (1740),  ensign;  Samuel  Simpson  (1759),  adjutant.  Adino  Pad- 
dock (1762)  was  captain  of  the  Boston  train  of  artillery. 

Feb.  17,  1767,  Thomas  Marshall  (1761)  was  prqmoted  to  be  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  Boston  regiment,  and  James  Cunningham  (1758)  to  be  major;  April  17,  1767, 
Martin  Gay  (1761),  captain-lieutenant;  Daniel  Jones  (1754),  Benjamin  Phillips  (1755), 
captains;  Hopestill  Capen  (1763)  was  promoted  to  be  lieutenant,  and  Joseph  Webb, 
Jr.  (1761),  and  Nathaniel  Heath  (1765)  were  commissioned  ensigns. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1766  were  :  Jonathan  Farnum, 
Jr.,  Benjamin  Homans,  William  Homes,  Jr.,  John  Popkin,  Jr. 

Jonathan  Farnum,  Jr.  (1766),  hairdresser,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Elizabeth 
(Road)  Farnum  (published  Aug.  4,  1737),  was  born  in  1744.  He  was  elected  scavenger 
in  1775,  1776,  1777,  and  1781.     He  resided  on  Back  Street. 

Benjamin  Homans  (1766)  was  born  in  174 1.  He  was  published,  Feb.  3,  1780,  to 
marry  Hannah  Colman,  and  in  July,  1791,  married  Mrs.  Martha  Newell.  He  lived  on 
Dorsets  or  Dassetts  Alley,  and  served  the  town  as  scavenger  in  1766.  He  received  the 
Masonic  degrees  at  the  First  Lodge,  in  Boston,  about  1767.  He  was  frequently  present 
in  St.  John's  Grand  Lodge  in  1768  and  1769,  and  Jan.  26,  1770,  he  was  appointed  "Tyler 
to  the  Grand  Lodge  and  other  Lodges  in  Boston."  He  was  reappointed  in  177 1,  and 
annually  until  1776.  June  7,  1782,  he  is  recorded  as  present  in  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge,  and  he  held  office  in  that  body  nearly  all  the  time  until  1792. 

Mr.  Homans  (1766)  was  appointed  deputy  sheriff  for  Suffolk  County,  in  1784.  He 
became  crier  for  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court  of  Massachusetts,  for  Suffolk  County,  in 
1787,  and  crier  of  all  the  courts  in  that  county  in  1795,  a  position  which  he  held  at  his 
decease.     He  died  in  1802,  aged  sixty-one  years. 

William  Homes,  Jr.  (1766),  silversmith,  for  Boston,  son  of  William  (1747)  and 
Rebecca  (Dawes)  Homes,  was  born  in  Boston,  May  7,  1742.  He  married  Elizabeth 
Whitwell,  daughter  of  William.     Her  sister  Mary  married  Col.  Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  (1769). 

Jonathan  Farnum,  Jp.  (1766).  Authority:  William  Homes,  Jr.  (1766).    Authorities: 

Boston  Records.  Boston  Records;    Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church. 

Benjamin   Homans  (1766).     Authorities: 
Boston  Records;   Early  Masonic  Records. 


H°  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,?66 

They  were  nieces  of  Samuel  (i 75S>-  He  joined  the  Old  South  Church  Nov.  17,  1765, 
and  from  1798  until  his  decease  was  very  prominent  in  church  matters.1  He  followed 
the  trade  of  his  father,  and  at  the  old  stand  in  Ann  Street.  Mr.  Whitman  (18 10)  says 
of  him,  he  was  "  a  man  of  small  stature,  pious,  amiable,  and  much  beloved.  A  few  days 
before  his  death  he  was  a  witness  in  the  Supreme  Court,  on  the  trial  of  the  Price  will 
controversy,  between  Trinity  Church  and  King's  Chapel.  It  was  a  severe,  cold  day  and 
Lieut.  Homes  [1766]  never  went  out  of  his  house  afterward."  He  died  Jan.  13,  1825, 
aged  eighty-three  years.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1771,  and 
lieutenant  in  the  militia. 

John  Popkin,  Jr.  (1766),  tailor,  of  Boston  and  Maiden,  was  of  Welsh  ancestry.  He 
married,  (1)  Rebecca  Snelling,  who  died  about  1794,  and,  (2)  Mrs.  Sarah  Sargent,  a 
niece  of  Rev.  Eliakim  Willis,  of  Maiden.  He  was  the  father  of  Rev.  John  Snelling 
Popkin,  D.  D.,  the  learned  tutor  (1795-8)  and  professor  (1815-33)  oi  Greek  and  Greek 
literature  in  Harvard  College,  who  was  also  pastor  of  the  Federal  Street  Church,  Boston, 
from  1799  to  1802,  and  of  the  First  Church  in  Newbury,  from  1804  to  1815. 

John  Popkin,  Jr.  (1766),  before  the  Revolutionary  War  followed  the  trade  of  a 
tailor,  and  was  a  member  of  Major  Paddock's  (1762)  artillery.  June  10,  1762,  he  was 
one  of  the  sufferers  by  a  fire  which  broke  out  "  at  the  upper  end  of  Williams  Court,  Corn- 
hill."  He  entered  the  Continental  service  in  Cambridge,  in  1775,  as  a  captain  of 
artillery  in  Col.  Gridley's  regiment,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war,  in  1783.  He 
was  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  and  participated  in  the  siege  of  Boston.  He  was  com- 
missioned captain  in  Knox's  artillery,  Jan.  4, 1776,  and  was  in  the  battle  of  White  Plains  ; 
was  commissioned  major  in  Col.  Greaton's  (3d)  Massachusetts  regiment,  Jan.  1,  1777  ; 
was  aid  to  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  at  Saratoga;  and  was  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel 
of  Col.  Crane's  regiment  of  artillery,  July  15,  1777,  in  which  he  continued  until  it  was 
discharged  in  1783. 

After  the  war  he  removed  to  Bolton,  in  Worcester  County,  and  invested  his  money, 
consisting  of  public  securities,  in  a  country  store,  and  afterwards  in  a  farm,  —  both  of 
which  proved  unsuccessful  ventures. 

In  1789,  he  removed  to  Maiden,  and  Aug.  10  of  that  year  he  was  appointed  an 
officer  in  the  Custom  House  of  the  port  of  Boston,  and  held  that  position  until  his 
decease.  He  was  remarkably  strong  and  well  in  his  old  age,  for,  until  he  was  more  than 
eighty-four  years  of  age,  he  walked  from  Maiden  to  Boston,  four  miles,  and  back,  every 
day  except  Sundays.     He  died  at  Maiden,  May  8,  1827,  aged  eighty-five  years. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1766  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  nth,  1766.     Monday  being  unsuitable  Weather,  The  Company  under  Arms 
this  day,  viz  :   Fryday, 

John  Popkin,  Jr.  (1766).  Authorities:  school  three  years  (1686-9),  and  returned  to  Ire- 
Boston  Records;  Memorials  of  the  Massachusetts  land.  In  1715  he  came  back  to  Chilmark.  His  son 
Cincinnati;  Muzzey's  Reminiscences  and  Memori-  Robert,  born  July  23,  1694,  was  married,  April  3, 
als;  Hurd's  Hist,  of  Middlesex  County,  Vol.  III.,  1716,  to  Mrs.  Mary  Franklin,  in  Boston,  by  Rev. 
p.  581;   New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1871.  Ebenezer  Pemberton.     Their  son,  William  (1747), 

1  From  the  diary  of  "  Rev.  William  Homes,  of  was  born  Jan.  9,  1 7 1 7,  and  was  baptized  in  the  Old 

Chilmark,   Martha's  Vineyard,   1 689-1 746,"  in  the  North  Church,   by   Dr.   Increase    Mather,   on   the 

Maine  Historical  Library,  it  appears  Rev.  William  thirteenth  day  of  the  same  month.     William  (1747) 

Homes,  the  Diarist,  a  native  of  the  north  of  Ireland,  was  the  father  of  William,  Jr.  (1766). 
was  born  in   1663.     He  came  to  America,   taught 


1767]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  141 

"Voted,  The  Rev.  Mr.  John  Brown  of  Hingham  be  desired  to  preach  on  the  next 
Anniversary  Artillery  Election  of  Officers  in  June  next ;  and  that  the  present  Commission 
Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same  service. 

"  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"  May  9th,  1766.  Monday  being  unsuitable  weather,  The  Company  under  Arms 
this  day,  viz.  Friday,  The  Committee  waited  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Brown  of  Hingham 
to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  had  accepted 
the  same.  Voted,  That  Col.  Joseph  Jackson  [1738],  the  Treasurer  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  be  desired  to  let  what  monies  he  has  in  his  hands  to  the 
Province  Treasurer  at  five  per  cent,  provided  he  cannot  let  it  at  six  per  cent  upon  good 
security  in  this  Country.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  twenty-four  pounds  to  the 
present  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  next  Election  dinner ; 
&  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  pay  to  the  present  Commis- 
sion Officers  what  fines  may  be  due  to  the  Company  this  day,  after  his  Commissions  are 
deducted,  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  next  Election  Dinner.  Voted,  That 
Robert  Jenkins  [1756],  the  present  Clerk,  have  one  quarter  part  of  the  fines  he  shall 
collect  the  present  year  from  the  delinquent  members  of  the  Company. 

"  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"June  2d,  1766.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  John  Brown,  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon  preached 
this  day.1  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,   Clerk." 

Rev.  John  Brown,  of  Hingham,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1766. 
He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  John  and  Joanna  (Cotton)  Brown,  and  was  born  in  Haverhill, 
Mass.,  March  9,  1724.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1741,  and  was  ordained 
pastor  over  the  Second  Parish  in  Hingham,  Sept.  2,  1747.  The  Second  Parish  became 
Cohasset  in  1770.  He  married,  (1)  Dec.  22,  1764,  Mrs.  Jane  Doane,  (2)  Hepzibah 
Ames,  (3)  Oct.  15,  1788,  Mrs.  Honour  Fitzgerald,  who,  with  one  son,  survived  him. 

Mr.  Brown  served  in  one  campaign  as  chaplain  to  a  Colonial  regiment  in  Nova 
Scotia,  and,  by  his  word  and  example  during  the  Revolutionary  period,  encouraged  his 
fellow-citizens  to  maintain  the  struggle  for  liberty.  Mr.  Brown  died,  Oct.  22,  1791, 
aged  sixty-seven  years,  after  a  pastorate  of  forty-four  years. 


s  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1767  were:  Thomas 

I  707.  Marshal1  (1761),  captain;  Richard  Boynton  (1759), lieutenant ;  William  Bell 

•        '       (1756),  ensign.     John   Osborn,   Jr.   (1764),  was  first   sergeant;    Timothy 

Thornton   (1765),   second   sergeant;    Samuel  Gridley   (1765),   third  sergeant;  George 

Trott  (1765),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Robert  Jenkins,  tertius  (1756),  clerk. 

Rev.   John   Brown.      Authorities:   Chase's  the  Honorable  his  Majesty's  Council,  &c.  to  the  Old 

Hist,  of  Haverhill;   Lincoln's  Hist,  of  Hingham.  Brick  Meeting  House,  wheie  a  sermon  suitable  to. 

"'Boston,  June  4,  1766.  Monday  last  being  the  occasion  was  preached  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  John 
the  anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers  for  the  Brown  of  Hingham.  After  which,  they  proceeded 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  the  fol-  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  an  elegant  dinner  was  pro- 
lowing  gentlemen  were  chosen  for  the  year  ensuing,  vided  by  the  Company,  and  in  the  evening  the  new- 
viz:  Thomas  Dawes  Esq.  [1754]  Captain,  Mr.  elected  officers  made  a  generous  entertainment, 
Samuel  Barrett  [1755]  Lieutenant,  Mr.  Edward  when  many  loyal  healths  were  drank."  —  Boston 
Carnes  [1755]  Ensign.  Previous  to  the  choice  the  Gazette. 
company  waited  on  his  Excellency  the   Governor, 


142  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [I767 

Oct.  15,  1673,  trie  Artillery  Company  received  by  re-confirmation  of  the  General 
Court  the  grant  of  land  made  by  the  colony  when  the  charter  of  the  Company  was 
granted  in  1638.  The  tract  became  known  as  the  Artillery  Farm,  at  Dunstable,  N.  H. 
In  1715-6,  the  farm  was  leased  for  eleven  years  to  a  housewright,  in  Dunstable,  who 
was  to  do,  as  rent,  certain  things,  and  "  pay  one  barrel  of  cyder  annually  to  the  Company 
in  the  month  of  October."  Soon  after  the  expiration  of  this  lease,  Sept.  20,  1727,  a 
committee  of  the  Artillery  Company  visited  the  property,  and  recommended  that  it  be 
again  leased.  Failing  to  succeed  in  this,  the  Company  preferred  a  petition  to  the  Gen- 
eral Court  for  permission  to  sell  the  Artillery  Farm  at  Dunstable.  June  16,  1731,  the 
General  Court  granted  said  permission,  empowering  the  Artillery  Company  to  make  and 
execute  a  good  deed  or  deeds  of  the  above-mentioned  tract  of  land.  The  following 
spring,  advertisements  of  "  Land  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  Sale"  were  inserted  in  the 
newspapers,  and  the  farm  was  finally  sold  to  Col.  Joseph  Blanchard  (1737),  of  Dunstable, 
about  1737.  Col.  Blanchard  (1737)  paid  some  cash,  and  gave  the  Company  a  mortgage 
and  bond  for  the  balance.  For  fifty  years  the  matter  remained  unsettled.  Several  com- 
mittees of  the  Company  visited  the  property,  urged  upon  the  heirs  the  necessity  of  a 
settlement,  and  received  small  sums  of  money,  but  hardly  enough  to  pay  the  interest, 
until  at  last  the  law  was  resorted  to.  In  1756  the  Company  determined  "to  take  the 
advice  of  some  able  lawyer  about  Col.  Blanchard's  (1737)  bond,  and  get  the  same  com- 
puted by  Mr.  Samuel  Winthrop,  clerk  of  the  Superior  Court."  From  1756  to  1769  inclu- 
sive the  Artillery  Company  annually  passed  urgent  votes  in  regard  to  the  matter,  but 
decisive  action  was  not  taken. 

The  original  computation  of  Mr.  Winthrop  is  in  the  archives  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany. From  that  it  appears  that  the  amount  due  on  the  bond,  that  is,  the  "principal 
sum,"  March  17,  1743-4,  was  ,£1,250.  The  interest  for  the  following  seven  years  was 
^450,  but  the  total  credits  on  the  note  were  but  #212,  leaving  a  balance  due,  in  1750, 
when  reduced  to  its  coin  value,  of  ,£308.12.10.  Mr.  Winthrop  computes  the  amount 
due  each  year,  and  the  last,  April  4,  1769,  it  was  ^276.14.4.  Later  additions  by  other 
accountants  give  the  amounts  due  May  18,  1773,^272.4.10;  March  19,  1787,^490.3.1, 
and  May  18,  1794,  ^615.4.10,  the  latter  being  probably  the  amount  for  which  suit  was 
entered. 

Col.  Blanchard  (1737)  died  in  1758,  and  then  the  responsibility  fell  upon  his  widow, 
Mrs.  Rebecca  Blanchard,  the  administratrix.  The  Company  showed  her  great  consider- 
ation, as  the  following  quotations  from  original  letters  prove  :  — 

"April,  1789.  .  .  .  The  Company  does  not  wish  to  distress  Mrs.  B. 

"  J  no.  Winslow." 

"May  6,  1790.  .  .  .  The  ancient  and  honorable  Company  of  Artillery  have  appointed 
me  their  attorney.  ...  I  should  be  happy,  madam,  to  have  the  matter  accommodated 
agreeably  to  your  wishes  and  without  giving  you  any  unnecessary  trouble. 

"William  Hull." 

"June  5,  1765.  .  .  .  My  Mother  thanks  the  Company  for  their  Merciful  Treatment. 

"Jon'a  Blanchard." 

"May  20,  1767,  .  .  .  My  Mother  desires  to  Remember  with  Gratitude  the  Kind 
Treatment  she  has  not  only  received  from  the  Company  but  from  you  in  particular  as 
their  Treasurer  [Col.  Jackson  (1738)].  Jona'  Blanchard." 


i767j  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 43 

"April  25,  1768.  ...  I  Rejoyce  that  I  have  fallen  Into  so  Good  hands  &  Esteem 
myself  very  much  Obliged.  ...  I  beg  that  you  would  inform  the  Company  of  my  situa- 
tion &  that  I  drive  every  Nail  in  my  power.  Rebecca  Blanchard." 

June  6,  1763,  William  Brattle  (1729)  and  Joseph  Jackson  (1738)  were  appointed  a 
committee  to  settle  with  the  heirs  of  Col.  Blanchard  (1737),  and  they  obtained  from 
Mrs.  Blanchard  the  sum  of  eighty  dollars.  Dec.  3,  1790,  Gen.  Benjamin  Lincoln  (1786), 
Gen.  John  Brooks  (1786),  Col.  John  Winslow  (1786),  and  John  Johnston  (1786),  were 
authorized  to  constitute  and  appoint  William  Hull  (1788),  of  Newton,  to  be  the  attorney 
of  the  Artillery  Company,  and  commence»a  suit  for  the  recovery  of  the  amount  due  said 
Company  from  the  heirs  of  Col.  Blanchard  (1737)-  In  August,  1790,  Mr.  Hull  (1788) 
visited  Mrs.  Blanchard,  at  Dunstable,  at  an  expense  of  six  pounds.  He  went  to  Amherst, 
N.  H.,  and  attended  two  hearings  before  the  judge  of  probate,  at  an  expense  of  nine 
pounds.  In  1791,  the  case  came  up  in  the  Superior  Court  at  Exeter,  N.  H.,  and  Mr. 
Samuel  Dana  appeared  as  attorney  for  the  Company. 

June  4,  1792,  another  committee,  consisting  of  Col.  Waters  (1 769),  Col.  Winslow 
(1786),  Capt.  Robert  Jenkins  (1756),  Major  Andrew  Cunningham  (1786),  and  Mr. 
Thomas  Clark  (1786)  was  appointed  to  carry  the  matter  to  a  conclusion.  They  re- 
appointed or  continued  William  Hull  (1788)  as  attorney.     He  charged  in  his  bill :  — 

"  1792,  May,  To  attending  and  arguing  the  cause  at  the  Supreme  Court  at 
Exeter  ^9. 

"1792,  October,  To  instituting  a  suit  at  the  Federal  Court  at  Exeter  and  attending 
said  Court  £10. 10. 

"  And  in  May,  1773,  To  attending  the  Court  at  Portsmouth  £6" 

His  total  bill  in  the  case  was  forty-seven  pounds,  twelve  shillings. 

Mr.  Dana  charged,  "  May  1792,  To  my  attendance  at  Supreme  Court  and  preparing 
the  cause  in  conjunction  with  Judge  Lincoln  and  Gen  Hull  [1788],  ,£1.16.0." 

His  total  bill  in  the  case  was  nine  pounds. 

The  final  paper  in  the  archives  of  the  Artillery  Company,  referring  to  this  matter, 
reads  as  follows  :  — 

"Boston,  February  23,  1795.  Received  of  Robert  Fletcher  Fourteen  hundred  & 
one  dollars  &  thirty  five  cents  &  Robert  Fletcher's  note  of  hand  of  this  date  with  Mrs 
Gordons  obligation  for  seven  hundred  &  twenty  five  dollars  &  sixty-five  cents  payable  in 
one  year,  which  when  paid  will  be  in  full  of  an  execution  recovered  at  a  late  Cur'.  Court 
in  yc  State  of  New  Hampshire  in  favor  of  ye  Artillery  Company,  so  called,  against  Mrs 
Rebecca  Blanchard,  Administratrix  of  Joseph  Blanchard,  deceased,  provided  the  above 
sums  should  exceed  or  fall  short  of  the  execution  they  are  to  be  rectified, — 

"  2068.65  Judgment 
58.35  damage 
2127.00  Treasurer. 

UOi-35  P'd 
725.65  note  Fletcher." 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1767  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  6th.  1767.     The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  The  Rev. 
Mr.  Daniel  Shute  of  Hingham  be  desired   to  preach  on  the  next  anniversary  Artillery 


144  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,?68 

Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the 
Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"May  4th.  1767.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  The  Committee  waited  on  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Daniel  Shute  of  Hingham  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the  same.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  thirty 
pounds  to  the  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  next  Election 
Dinner  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them. 

"Attest     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"June  i8'.  1767.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Daniel  Shute  of  Hingham  &  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon 
preached  this  day.1  Attest     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"September  7th.  1767.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That 
Mr.  Thomas  Snow  [  1 74 1  ]  be  erased  out  of  the  books.  Voted,  That  a  Committee  of  eleven 
be  chose  to  consult  what  measures  will  be  most  beneficial  for  the  increase  of  the  Company, 
and  the  following  persons  were  chosen,  viz  :  Mr.  Samuel  Torrey,  Jr.  [1752],  Col.  Thomas 
Marshall  [1761],  Capt.  Thomas  Dawes  [1754],  Mr.  John  Deming  [1756],  Capt.  William 
Homes  [1747],  Mr.  John  Skinner  [1759],  Capt.  Richard  Boynton  [1759],  Mr.  Jonas 
Clark  [1756],  Mr.  Benjamin  Edes  [1760],  Capt.  Josiah  Waters  [1747],  Mr.  Edward 
Carnes  [1755].  Attest:     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk" 

Rev.  Daniel  Shute,  of  Hingham,  son  of  John  and  Mary  (Wayte)  Shute,  who 
delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1767,  was  born  in  Maiden,  July  19,  1722,  and 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1743.  He  commenced  his  professional  career  as  a 
candidate  in  April,  1 746,  at  Maiden.  He  was  ordained  over  the  Third  Church,  Hingham, 
Dec.  10,  1746.  In  consequence  of  the  failure  of  his  eyesight,  Rev.  Mr.  Whitney  was 
ordained  as  his  colleague,  Jan.  1,  1800.  He  is  said  to  have  been  serene  and  patient 
under  the  infirmities  of  age,  and  died,  Aug.  30,  1802,  aged  eighty  years. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  convention,  in  1780,  which  framed  the  State  Constitution, 
and  in  1788,  of  the  Convention  of  Massachusetts  which  ratified  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States.  He  delivered,  beside  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1767,  the  election 
sermon  in  1768.  He  was  extensively  known  and  respected  as  a  minister  of  great  strength 
of  mind  and  of  high  attainments. 


s  r>)  The  officers  of   the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1768  were:    James 

[  7QO.  Cunningham  (1761),  captain;  William  Heath  (1765),  lieutenant;  and  David 

•  Spear  (1758),  ensign.     Hopestill  Capen  (1763)  was  first  sergeant ;  Benjamin 

Eustis    (1763),    second    sergeant;    Nathaniel   Heath    (1765),  third   sergeant;  Charles 

Williams  (1768),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Elias  Dupee  (1763),  clerk. 

'"Boston,  Monday  June  8,  1767.      Monday  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House  where  a  sermon 

last  [June  1],  being  the  Anniversary  of  the  Election  suitable  to  the  occasion  was  preached  by  the  Rev. 

of  officers  for  the  Ancient  and  Hon  >rable  Artillery  Mr.  Shute  of  Hingham,  from  those  words  in  Eccl 

Company,  the  following  gentlemen  were  chosen  for  JX,  18,  '  Wisdom  is  better  than  weapons   of  war.' 

the  ensuing  year,  viz  :  Thomas  Marshall  Esq  [ 1 761]  After  which  they  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where 

Captain.  Richard  Boynton,  Esq  [1759]  Lieutenant  an  elegant  dinner  was  provided  by  the  Company; 

Mr.  William  Bell  [1756],  Ensign.     Previous  to  the  and  in  the  evening  the  new  elected  officers  made  a 

choice  the  Company  waited  on  his  Excellency  the  generous  entertainment,  when  many  loyal   healths 

Governor,  the  Honorable,  his  Majesty's  Council,  &c.  were  drank."  —  Boston  Newspaper. 


a/m_x^     i^im/vvt^^Wi^i^ 


1768]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 45 

March  18, 1768,  the  repeal  of  the  Stamp  Act  was  celebrated  "  by  a  large  company  at 
the  British  Coffee-house,  and  Col.  IngersoM's  in  King  Street."  Rejoicings  were  heard  on 
every  hand,  and  though  a  projected  bonfire  was  not  lighted,  yet  the  next  morning  two 
effigies  were  found  hanging  on  Liberty  Tree. 

The  King's  birthday  was  observed,  June  4,  the  governor's  troop,  the  town  regiment 
under  command  of  Col.  Jackson  (1738),  and  the  train  of  artillery,  commanded  by  Capt. 
Paddock  (1762),  being  mustered  in  King  Street,  when  the  "new  pieces,"  afterward 
called  "  Hancock"  and  "  Adams,"  were  used  for  the  first  time. 

Events  calculated  to  produce  trouble  between  America  and  the  Mother  Country 
followed  one  another  swiftly.  Seamen  were  impressed  in  the  streets  of  Boston ;  John 
Hancock's  sloop,  "  The  Liberty,"  was  seized  and  anchored  under  the  guns  of  the  frigate 
"  Romney,"  and  the  people  manifested  their  disapproval  by  the  destruction  of  property, 
•and  the  making  a  bonfire  on  the  Common  of  Collector  Hallowell's  pleasure-boat.  The 
populace  was  upon  the  eve  of  revolution  in  defence  of  their  liberties.  The  royal  officers 
sought  safety  within  the  Castle.  Liberty  Hall1  was  filled  with  "Sons  of  Liberty."  The 
General  Court  was  prorogued  July  1,  amid  much  confusion,  and  the  governor  waited  the 
arrival  of  force.  The  British  ministry  ordered  two  Irish  regiments  from  Ireland  to 
Boston,  also  soldiers  from  Halifax.  The  former,  the  14th  and  29th  regiments,  of  five 
hundred  men  each,  arrived  in  Boston  harbor  in  six  ships  of  war,  having  "  cannons  loaded 
and  tompkins  out,"  Sept.  30,  1768.  The  next  day  the  soldiers  were  landed  on  Long  Wharf, 
and  soon  after  came  the  59th  regiment  and  a  train  of  artillery  from  Halifax.  Boston 
became  a  garrison.  Faneuil  Hall  was  filled  with  armed  mercenaries.  The  storm  was 
gathering.  The  clouds  thicken,  darken  —  thunders  roll,  lightnings  illume  sky  and  earth, 
and  a  deluge  drenches  the  Atlantic  coast.  The  storm  expends  itself,  the  clouds  flee, 
and  the  sun  of  victory  and  independence  illumines  wood  and  vale,  and  brings  to  the 
victorious  yeomanry  the  blessings  of  peace,  freedom,  and  progress. 

"  In  the  brigantine  '  Abigail,'  Capt.  Stevens,  from  London,  came,  in  the  month  of 
February,  1768,  two  beautiful  field-pieces,  three-pounders,  with  the  Province  arms 
thereon,  for  the  use  of  the  train  of  artillery  of  the  regiment  of  this  town.  They  were  cast 
from  two  old  pieces  which  were  purchased  some  time  since  by  the  General  Court  of  this 
Province."2 

A  gun-house  stood  at  the  corner  of  West  Street  at  the  beginning  of  the  Revolution, 
separated  by  a  yard  from  the  school-house.  In  this  gun-house  were  kept  two  brass 
three-pounders  (mentioned  above)  belonging  to  Capt.  Adino  Paddock's  (1762)  train. 
These  pieces  had  been  recast  from  two  old  guns  sent  by  the  town  to  London  for  that 
purpose,  and  had  the  arms  of  the  province  engraved  upon  them.  They  arrived  in  Boston 
in  1768,  and  were  first  used  at  the  celebration  of  the  King's  birthday,  June  4,  when  a 
salute  was  fired  in  King  Street.  Both  school  and  gun-house  are  connected  with  a  cele- 
brated event. 

Major  Paddock  (1762)  had  expressed  an  intention  of  surrendering  these  guns  to 
Gov.  Gage.  The  mechanics,  who  composed  this  company,  resolved  that  it  should  not 
be  so.  The  British  general  had  begun  to  seize  the  military  stores  of  the  province  and 
disarm  the  inhabitants.  Accordingly,  the  persons  engaged  in  the  plot  met  in  the  school- 
room, and  when  the  attention  of  the  sentinel,  stationed  at  the  dpor  of  the  gun-house, 
was  taken  off,  by  roll-call,  they  crossed  the  yard,  entered  the  building,  and,  removing  the 

1  The  ground  under  and  around  Liberty  Tree  was  called  "  Liberty  Hall," 

2  Boston  Gazette,  Feb.  15,  1768. 


146  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT  AND  [,768 

guns  from  their  carriages,  carried  them  to  the  school-room,  where  they  were  concealed 
in  a  box  in  which  fuel  was  kept. 

The  loss  of  the  guns  was  soon  discovered,  and  search  made,  in  which  the  school- 
house  did  not  escape.  The  master  placed  his  lame  foot  upon  the  box,  and  it  was  not 
disturbed.  Several  of  the  boys  were  privy  to  the  affair,  but  made  no  sign.  Besides  the 
school-master,  Abraham  Holbrook,  Nathaniel  Balch,  father  of  Jonathan  (1786),  Samuel 

Gore  (1786),  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  Moses  Grant,  Jeremiah  Gridley, Whiston, 

and  some  others,  executed  this  coup  de  main.  The  guns  remained  in  the  school-room 
about  a  fortnight.  They  were  then,  in  the  night-time,  taken  in  a  wheelbarrow,  and 
carried  to  Whiston's  blacksmith-shop,  at  the  South  End,  and  deposited  under  the  coal. 
From  here  they  were  taken  to  the  American  lines  in  a  boat.  The  guns  were  in  actual 
service  during  the  whole  war.  After  the  peace,  the  State  of  Massachusetts  applied  to 
Congress  for  their  restoration,  which  was  granted  by  a  resolve  passed  May  19,  1788,  in  ■ 
which  Gen.  Knox,  secretary  of  war,  was  directed  to  place  a  suitable  inscription  upon 
them.  The  two  guns  were  called  the  "  Hancock  "  and  "  Adams,"  and  the  inscription  was 
as  follows  (the  name  only  being  different)  :  — 

"  The  Hancock  |  Sacred  to  Liberty.  |  This  is  one  of  four  cannon  |  which  constituted 
the  whole  train  |  of  Field  Artillery  |  possessed  by  the  British  Colonies  of  |  North 
America  |  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  |  on  the  19  of  April  1775.  |  This  cannon 
and  its  fellow  |  belonging  to  a  number  of  citizens  of  |  Boston  |  were  used  in  many 
Engagements  |  during  the  War.  |  The  other  two,  the  property  of  the  |  Government  of 
Massachusetts  |  were  taken  by  the  enemy.  |  By  order  of  the  United  States  |  in  Congress 
assembled  |  May  19,  1788.  |  " 

The  guns  were  in  the  possession  of  the  State  until  1817,  when,  in  answer  to  a  peti- 
tion from  the  Artillery  Company  that  the  State  would  furnish  them  cannon,  the  Executive 
Council  voted  "  That  His  Excellency  be  advised  to  direct  the  Quarter  Master  General 
to  loan  to  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  a  pair  of  brass  six  pound 
Cannon  completely  equipped  for  field  service,  and  to  supply  said  Company  for  the  use 
of  said  cannon,  the  usual  quantity  of  ammunition  as  is  directed  by  law  for  other  Com- 
panies of  Artillery  within  the  Commonwealth."  This  report  was  accepted  and  approved 
by  the  governor,  July  5,  1817,  and  a  general  order,  carrying  the  vote  into  effect,  was 
issued  by  him,  July  12,  1817.  The  guns  remained  in  the  possession  of  the  Artillery 
Company,  and  were  used  on  anniversary  and  field  days  until  1821.  The  following  paper 
is  in  the  archives  of  the  Company  :  — 

"Council  Chamber  February  2j  1821. 

"  The  committee  to  whom  was  committed  a  communication  from  the  Quarter  Master 
General  of  the  16"1  ult,  relative  to  the  bursting  of  a  piece  of  cannon  while  employed  in 
experimental  gunnery  in  the  service  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company, 
and  a  letter  from  the  Commander  of  said  Company  stating  the  circumstances  unto 
[under]  which  the  accident  happened  —  beg  leave  respectfully  to  represent  that  the 
said  cannon  was  one  of  the  two  pieces  which  were  designated  by  the  names  of  Hancock 
&  Adams  and  which  have  engraven  thereon  the  following  inscription  '  Sacred  to  Liberty.'  " 
(Then  follows  the  inscription  as  heretofore  given.)     The  committee  continues  :  — 

"  It  is  desirable  -to  perpetuate  two  pieces  of  ordnance  to  which  a  memorial  so 
interesting  to  the  people  of  this  Commonwealth  is  attached,  they  therefore  recommend 
that  his  Excellency  be  advised  to  instruct  the  Quarter  Master  General  to  cause  the  Adams 
gun  to  be  recast  and  the  inscription  to  be  restored  thereon  and  that  it  be  made  to  con- 
form in  all  respects  to  the  other  piece. 


i768]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 47 

"  And  it  appears  by  the  representation  of  the  Quarter  Master  General  that  from  the 
defective  state  of  said  gun  when  loaned  to  said  Company,  no  blame  is  imputable  to  them 
for  the  injury  it  has  sustained.  The  Committee  therefore  further  recommend  that  the 
Quarter  Master  General  be  directed  to  re-deliver  the  cannon  when  completed  to  said 
Company  on  loan  for  field  service  and  experimental  gunnery,  until  the  further  order  of 
thee  Executive.  Silas  Holman  per  Order. 

"In  Council  Feb'y  2,  1821. 

"This  report  is  accepted  and  by  the  Governor  approved. 

"  A.  Bradford, 

"  Sec'y  of  Commonwealth." 

The  "  Adams  "  gun  was  not  recast,  but  soon  after,  with  the  "  Hancock,"  was  pre- 
sented by  the  Commonwealth  to  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Association.  The  guns  are 
now  to  be  seen  in  the  chamber  at  the  top  of  the  monument. 

There  is  a  tradition  that  the  two  guns,  referred  to  as  captured  by  the  enemy,  were 
concealed  in  a  stable  belonging  to  a  house  on  the  south  side  of  Court  Street,  near  the 
Court  House.  They  were  taken  out  over  the  Neck  in  a  cart  loaded  with  manure,  driven 
by  a  negro  servant  of  George  Minot,  a  Dorchester  farmer.  Thus  the  four  guns  belonging 
to  the  province  escaped  the  clutches  of  Gage.  The  two  last  referred  to  were  sometime 
in  possession  of  the  Dorchester  Artillery. 

At  a  town  meeting,  held  March  29,  1776,  it  was  voted  that  Thomas  Crafts,  Esq. 
(1765),  Col.  Thomas  Marshall  (1761),  and  Major  Paul  Revere  "be  a  committee  to  wait 
on  Gen.  Washington,  and  to  acquaint  him  that  it  is  the  desire  of  the  town  that  the  four 
pieces  of  cannon  which  are  in  the  Continental  Train  of  Artillery,  and  belonging  to  the 
town  of  Boston,  may  not  be  carried  out  of  this  colony,  if  his  Excellency  should  appre- 
hend the  general  interest  of  the  colony  will  permit  their  remaining  here."  The  guns  were 
a  necessity  in  the  Continental  service,  and  were  in  use  throughout  the  Revolution. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1768  were  :  Seth  Adams,  Samuel 
Condon,  William  Dawes,  Jr.,  Elisha  Eaton,  John  Fullerton,  John  Greenleaf,  John  Haskins, 
Michael  Homer,  William  Hoogs,  Israel  Loring,  John  Newell,  John  Skillin,  Jr.,  Nath- 
aniel Waterman,  Charles  Williams,  Jacob  Williams. 

Seth  Adams  (1768),  printer,  of  Boston.  Seth  Adams  (1768)  served  his  appren- 
ticeship with  Samuel  Kneeland.  He  began  printing  in  Queen  Street  with  John  Kneeland. 
They  afterward  occupied  a  printing-house  in  Milk  Street,  at  the  corner  of  Board  Alley, 
now  Hawley  Street.  They  were  in  business  together  for  three  or  four  years,  and  printed 
chiefly  for  the  booksellers.     Subsequently  he  kept  a  shop  at  No.  57  Cornhill. 

Mr.  Adams's  (1768)  father-in-law  was  the  first  post-rider  between  Boston  and  Hart- 
ford. When  he  died,  Seth  Adams  (1768)  gave  up  the  printing  business,  and  continued 
in  the  occupation  of  his  father-in-law.  He  united  with  the  Old  South  Church,  April  7, 
1765.     He  lived,  in  1796,  at  No.  15  Franklin  Place. 

Samuel  Condon  (1768),  probably  son  of  Edmund  and  Jane  Condon,  who  came  to 
Boston  about  1740.  He  is  not  mentioned  in  the  Records  of  the  Town  of  Boston.  He 
was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1771,  and  its  clerk  from  1771  to  1774 
inclusive.     He  died  March  12,  1775,  aged  twenty-eight  years. 

Seth  Adams  (1768).     Authority:  Thomas's  Hist,  of  Printing,  Vol.  I.,  p.  366. 


148  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i?68 

William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  tanner,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  (1760)  and  Lydia 
(Boone)  Dawes,  and  great-grandson  of  Ambrose  Dawes  (1674),  was  born  in  Boston 
April  6,  1745,  and  died  Feb.  25,  1799.  He  married,  May  3,  1768,  Mehitable,  daughter 
of  Samuel  and  Catherine  (Mears)  May.  She  died  Oct.  28,  1793,  aged  forty-two  years, 
two  months,  and  twenty-two  days.  William  (1768)  married,  (2)  Nov.  18,  1795,  Lydia 
Gendall,  who  survived  her  husband  nearly  ten  years,  dying  Aug.  n,  1809.  By  his  first 
wife  he  had  seven  children,  and  by  the  second,  one  child,  of  whom  the  eldest,  Hannah, 
married  Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1793),  son  of  Benjamin  (1740)  and  Sarah  (Dawes) 
Goldthwait.1 

The  principal  facts  in  the  life  of  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  and  others  relating  to 
the  Dawes  family,  are  taken,  by  permission,  from  an  essay  by  Henry  W.  Holland,  Esq., 
entitled  "William  Dawes  and  his  Ride  with  Paul  Revere."  Without  enlarging  upon  the 
disputed  points  therein  discussed,  the  simple  story  of  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  is  as 
follows  :  — 

-  He  passed  his  early  years  in  his  father's  home  on  Ann  Street,  a  home  religiously 
strict,  after  the  manner  of  that  time.  Little  is  known  of  his  youth,  except  that  he 
learned  the  trade  of  a  tanner,  which  he  followed  for  some  years,  having  his  tanyard  on 
what  is  now  the  corner  of  Sudbury  and  Friend  streets.  Feb.  5,  1769,  he  and  his  wife, 
Mehitable,  united  with  the  Old  South  Church.2  For  six  or  eight  years  they  lived  at  No. 
64  Ann,  now  North,  Street,  nearly  opposite  to  his  father,  in  a  house  previously  owned  by 
Josiah  Waters  ( 1747).  April  8,  1768,  Major  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  joined  the 
Artillery  Company,  and  was  its  second  sergeant  in  1770.  In  1786,  at  the  revival  of  the 
Artillery  Company,  Mr.  Dawes  held  the  position  of  clerk.  He  was  an  ardent  supporter 
of  the  colonial  cause,  was  annoyed  by  the  presence  of  the  British  soldiers  in  Boston,  with 
whom,  on  sundry  occasions,  he  had  collisions.  He  scoured  the  country,  organizing  and 
aiding  the  birth  of  the  Revolution.  His  granddaughter  wrote  :  "  During  these  rides,  he 
sometimes  borrowed  a  friendly  miller's  hat  and  clothes  and  sometimes  he  borrowed  a 
dress  of  a  farmer,  and  had  a  bag  of  meal  behind  his  back  on  the  horse.  At  one  such  time 
a  British  soldier  tried  to  take  away  his  meal,  but  grandfather  presented  arms  and  rushed 
on.  The  meal  was  for  his  family.  But  in  trying  to  stir  up  recruits,  he  was  often  in  great 
danger."  In  1775,  he  was  in  correspondence  with  the  Salem  Committee  of  Safety,  to 
obtain  powder  for  the  Boston  patriots. 

The  two  leading  spirits  in  the  purloining  the  guns  from  the  gun-house  were  William 
Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  and  Samuel  Gore  (1786).  They  planned  and  executed  the  daring 
deed.  These  men  forced  their  way  into  the  gun-house  while  the  guard  was  at  roll-call, 
the  guns  were  taken  off  their  carriages,  carried  into  the  school-house,  and  placed  in  a 
large  box  under  the  master's  desk,  in  which  wood  was  kept.  When  the  carriages  were 
found  without  the  guns,  by  a  lieutenant  and  sergeant,  who  came  to  look  at  them 
previous  to  removing  them,  the  sergeant  exclaimed,  in  the  presence  of  Samuel  Gore 
(1786),  then  captain  of  the  governor's  troop  of  horse,  "They  are  gone.     These  fellows 

William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768).     Authorities:  2  His   ancestor,  William   Dawes,  was   one   of 

Holland's  "William  Dawes,  and  bis  ride  with  Paul  the   founders  of   the   Old   South   Church   in   1669; 

Revere";   Drake's  Old  Landmarks  of  Boston;  Lor-  his  great-grandfather,  Ambrose  [1674],  became   a 

ing's  One   Hundred    Boston   Orators;   Boston   Re-  member  in  1670,  his  grandfather,  Thomas,  in  1705, 

cords;   Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church.  and   bis  father,  William   [1760],  in   1735.     Major 

1  Henry  Ware   Holland,  author  of   "William  Thomas   Dawes    [1754],  who   was  chosen  deacon 

Dawes  [176S]  and  his  Ride  with  Paul  Revere,"  is  a  in  17S6,  was  his  second  cousin, 
grandson  of  Benjamin  (1793)  and  Hannah  (Dawes) 
Goldthwait. 


I7&8]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  149 

will  steal  the  teeth  out  of  your  head  while  you  are  keeping  guard."  The  yard,  gun- 
house,  and  school-house  were  examined  over  and  over  again,  except  the  box.  The 
guns  remained  under  the  master's  feet  for  a  fortnight.  During  the  removal  into  the 
school-house,  William  Dawes  (1768)  injured  his  wrist,  making  the  surgical  aid  of  Dr. 
Joseph  Warren  necessary.  From  the  school-house,  the  guns  were  carried  to  Whiston's 
blacksmith  shop,  and  hidden  under  the  coal.  The  Committee  of  Safety,  Jan.  5,  1775, 
voted  "  that  Mr.  William  Dawes  [1768]  be  directed  to  deliver  to  said  Cheever  [Deacon 
Cheever]  one  pair  of  brass  cannon  and  that  the  said  Cheever  procure  carriages  for  said 
cannon  or  any  other  cannon  that  require  them  ;  that  the  battering  cannon  carriages  be 
carried  to  the  cannon  at  Waltham  and  that  the  cannon  and  carriages  remain  there 
until  further  orders."  Under  this  order  the  guns  were  sent  by  boat  to  Waltham,  and 
were  in  active  service  during  the  war. 

After  the  Peace,  the  State  of  Massachusetts  applied  to  Congress  for  their  restora- 
tion, which  was  granted,  May  19,  1788,  when  Congress  "  Resolved,  that  the  Secretary  of 
War  cause  a  suitable  inscription  to  be  placed  on  said  cannon ;  and  that  he  deliver  the 
same  to  the  order  of  his  Excellency,  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massa- 
chusetts." 

Gen.  Knox,  a  native  of  Boston,  then  Secretary  of  War,  well  knew  the  history  of  the 
guns,  and  caused  the  arms  of  Massachusetts,  with  an  inscription,  to  be  chiselled  upon 
them  in  bold  relief.  This  work  was  done  by  Joseph  Callender,  of  Boston.  The  guns 
were  in  seventeen  engagements  during  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  one  was  taken  by  the 
enemy,  and  retaken,  several  times.1 

William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  was  chosen  by  the  town  of  Boston  an  informer  of  deer 
from  1770  to  1773  inclusive,  warden  in  1774,  and,  Sept.  9,  1776,  the  town  clerk  informed 
the  inhabitants  that,  agreeably  to  their  recommendation,  signified  to  the  General 
Assembly,  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  had  been  appointed  second  major  of  the  regi- 
ment of  militia  in  the  town  of  Boston.  He  held  other  minor  town  offices  prior  to  the 
Revolution. 

Not  long  after  the  affair  of  the  cannon  occurred  the  ever-memorable  ride  to  Lexing- 
ton and  Concord.  For  some  days  before  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  it  had  been  known  the 
British  were  preparing  to  move.  It  was  suspected  that  the  destination  of  the  troops 
would  be  Concord,  where  stores  of  war  material  were  gathered,  and  in  the  vicinity  of 
which  were  Hancock,  Adams,  and  other  Revolutionary  leaders.  On  the  afternoon  of  the 
day  before  the  attack,  Gen.  Warren  learned  that  the  British  were  about  to  start.  He 
waited  until  they  had  begun  to  move  to  their  boats,  and  then  he  sent  out  William  Dawes, 
Jr.  (1768),  by  the  land  route,2  over  the  Neck,  and  across  the  river  at  the  Brighton  Bridge 
to  Cambridge  and  Lexington ;  and  directly  after,  "  about  ten  o'clock,"  he  "  sent  in  great 
haste"  for  Paul  Revere,  and  sent  him  by  the  water  route  through  Charlestown  to  Lexington 
to  arouse  the  country,  and  warn  Hancock  and  Adams.  About  midnight  Paul  Revere 
arrived  at  Parson  Clark's,  where  he  found  the  leaders  of  the  Revolution.  A  half  hour 
later,  Revere  met  Dawes  (1768)   on  the  Green  in  Lexington.     The  latter  started  from 

^Columbian  Centinel,  June  4,  1788.  Waters  [Capt.  Waters  (1747),  not  Col.  (1769)],  of 
8  "  Intelligence  of  the  intended  expedition  to  Boston,  a  staunch  Whig,  and  who  afterwards,  as 
Lexington  on  the  19th  of  April  was  conveyed  over  engineer,  assisted  in  building  the  forts  at  Roxbury, 
the  Neck  by  William  Dawes  [1768],  who  was  followed  on  foot  on  the  sidewalk  at  a  short  dis- 
mounted on  a  slow-jogging  horse,  with  saddle-bags  tance  from  him  until  he  saw  him  safely  past  all 
behind  him,  and  a  large  flapped  hat  upon  his  head  the  sentinels."  —  Drake's  Hist,  of  Roxbury,  p.  74. 
to  resemble  a  countryman  on  a  journey.    Col.  Josiah 


t5°  HISTORY   OF  THF,  ANCIENT  ANt> 


[1768 


Boston,  without  going  home,  eluded  the  guard  at  the  Neck,  and  going  by  the  longer  route 
of  Brighton  Bridge  and  the  Cambridge  road,  aroused  the  families  on  the  way.  After  a  little 
delay  for  refreshment,  Revere  and  Dawes  (1768),  accompanied  by  Dr.  Prescott,  rode  on 
towards  Concord.  About  half  way  between  the  two  towns,  near  Hartwell's  Tavern,  they 
met  British  officers.  Prescott  and  Dawes  (1768)  were  a  hundred  rods  behind,  alarming 
a  house,  when  Revere  discovered  them.  Prescott  escaped  ;  Dawes  (1768),  chased  by  the 
British,  dashed  up  to  an  empty  farm-house,  flapping  his  leather  breeches,  and  shouting, 
"  Helloo,  boys,  I  've  got  two  of  'em  !  "  and  his  pursuers  were  frightened,  and  made  off.  In 
the  excitement  of  the  chase,  Dawes  (1768)  pulled  up  so  suddenly  that  he  was  thrown  from 
his  horse,  and  lost  his  watch,  and  did  not  get  it  again  until  some  days  later,  when  he 
returned  to  search  for  it.  Revere  did  not  escape  so  easily.  In  fleeing  from  those 
soldiers,  he  rode  into  the  midst  of  another  party,  to  whom  he  was  forced  to  surrender. 
They  proceeded  with  him,  as  a  prisoner,  to  Lexington,  where,  in  the  excitement  which 
preceded  Pitcairn's  arrival,  Revere  escaped,  with  the  loss  of  his  horse,  and  joined  the 
party  at  Parson  Clark's  about  three  o'clock  in  the  morning.  The  further  movements  of 
William  Dawes  (1768)  during  that  memorable  night  are  not  known,  but  it  is  probable  he 
continued  his  ride,  as  he  intended,  to  Concord,  and  aroused  the  people  on  the  way. 

Paul  Revere,  in  his  statement  of  that  night's  transactions,  says  :  "  About  ten  o'clock, 
Dr.  Warren  sent  in  great  haste  for  me.  .  .  .  When  I  got  to  Dr.  Warren's  house,  I  found 
he  had  sent  an  express  by  land  to  Lexington  —  a  Mr.  William  Dawes  [1768].  ...  I 
arrived  at  Rev.  Mr.  Clark's,  at  Lexington,  where  Hancock  and  Adams  were,  about  a  half 
hour  before  Mr.  Dawes  [1768]  and  having  refreshed  ourselves  started  off  for  Concord." 
His  capture  and  escape  are  related  as  above  by  himself. 

William  Dawes  (1768)  at  once  joined  the  Continental  troops  at  Cambridge,  and,  it 
is  said,  fought  at  Bunker  Hill.  When  Boston  became  unsafe,  he  moved  his  family  to 
Worcester,  and,  soon  after  the  evacuation  of  Boston,  he  was  appointed  by  Congress 
commissary  at  Worcester.  The  following  story  is  told  in  regard  to  his  (Mr.  Dawes') 
treatment  of  those  British  soldiers  captured  at  Saratoga :  — 

"  While  upon  their  march  to  the  neighborhood  of  Boston,  the  British  behaved  with 
such  insolence  as  confirmed  the  country  in  their  determination  never  to  submit,  for  the 
people  said  :  '  If  they  are  thus  insolent  now  they  are  prisoners,  what  would  they  be  were 
they  our  Masters?'  The  Germans  stole  and  robbed  the  houses,  as  they  came  along,  of 
clothing  and  everything  on  which  they  could  lay  their  hands  to  a  large  amount.  When 
at  Worcester,  indeed,  they  themselves  were  robbed,  though  in  another  way.  One  Dawes 
[1768]  the  issuing  commissary,  upon  the  first  company  coming  to  draw  their  rations, 
balanced  the  scales  by  putting  into  that  which  contained  the  weight  a  large  stone. 
When  that  company  was  gone  (unobserved  by  the  Germans,  but  not  by  all  present),  the 
stone  was  taken  away  before  the  next  came ;  and  all  the  other  companies  except  the  first 
had  short  allowance." 

Mr.  Dawes  (1768)  probably  knew  that  the  Hessians  had  already  supplied  themselves 
pretty  freely.  While  in  Worcester  he  went  into  partnership  with  his  brother-in-law,  Mr. 
Coolidge  (1786),  in  the  grocery  business.  At  the  close  of  the  war,  he  returned  to 
Boston,  resided  in  Distill  House  Square,  and  carried  on  the  same  business  in  Dock 
Square.  Near  the  close  of  1796,  his  health  having  failed,  he,  with  his  family,  removed 
to  Marlboro,  to  the  farm  presumably  once  occupied  by  his  father.  There  he  died, 
Feb.  25,  1799.  His  remains  were  brought  to  Boston  and  buried  in  the  King's  Chapel 
Burial-Ground. 


l768]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  151 

Elisha  Eaton  (1768).  He  was  elected  a  clerk  of  the  market  in  1766,  but  was 
excused  from  serving;  was  elected  scavenger  for  Ward  10,  in  1 77 1,  and  attained  the 
grade  of  captain  in  the  militia. 

John  Fuller-ton  (1768),  distiller,  of  Boston.  He  served  the  town  as  scavenger  for 
Ward  10,  in  1773  and  1774,  as  constable  in  1779  and  1780.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1772,  and  lived  on  Milk  Street.  Administration  on  his  estate  was 
granted  in   1793. 

John  Greenleaf  (1768)  was  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church  in  1766.  May  n, 
1768,  Mr.  Franklyn,  master  of  Engine  No.  9,  presented  the  name  of  a  fireman  to  take 
the  place  of  John  Greenleaf,  "  who  left  the  service."  July  1,  1772,  John  Greenleaf 
(1768)  made  a  visit  to  the  public  schools  with  the  justices,  selectmen,  and  others. 

John  Haskins  (1768),  cooper  and  distiller,  of  Boston,  son  of  Robert  and  Sarah 
(Cook)  Haskins,  was  born  in  Boston  March  12,  1729.  His  father  came  to  Boston  from 
England,  and  died  during  the  infancy  of  his  son.  John  (1768)  married,  in  Maiden, 
March  12,  1752,  Hannah  Upham,  of  Boston. 

John  Haskins  (1768)  was  a  culler  of  staves,  in  Boston,  from  1759  to  1774,  at  which 
time  he  was  a  cooper,  in  company  with  his  stepfather,  Thomas  Hake.  He  lived  in 
Rainsford's  Lane,  now  Harrison  Avenue,  and  his  estate  extended  through  to  Washington 
Street,  opposite  Boylston  Market.  He  was  a  protester  against  the  Whigs  in  1774.  Mr. 
Haskins  (1768)  was  commissioned  by  Gov.  Hutchinson  captain  of  a  company  in  Col.  John 
Erving's  Boston  regiment,  and,  Feb.  20,  1772,  he  took  the  appointed  oath  before  Col. 
Erving,  John  Leverett  (1750),  and  Thomas  Dawes  (1754),  field-officers.  He  was  a 
worshipper  at  King's  Chapel,  and  in  1785  was  on  a  committee  appointed  to  amend  the 
prayer-book.  He  was  a  Royalist,  and  took  no  part  in  the  Revolutionary  struggle.  He 
remained,  however,  in  Boston,  and  immediately  after  the  evacuation  of  the  town  by  the 
British,  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  State.  A  characteristic  anecdote  has  been 
preserved  concerning  Capt.  Haskins  (1768).  He  was  of  a  deeply  religious  character. 
One  day  while  the  family  were  at  dinner,  the  distillery  which  adjoined  his  house  was  dis- 
covered to  be  on  fire.  The  children  started  eagerly  from  their  places,  but  were  instantly 
checked  by  their  father.  Calling  them  back  to  the  table,  he  returned  thanks,  according 
to  his  custom,  "The  Lord  be  praised  for  this  and  all  his  mercies."  "  Now,"  he  added, 
"you  may  go."     He  died  in  Boston,  Oct.  27,  18 14. 

Michael  Homer  (1768)  was  a  "bricklayer  and  Mason,  near  Oliver's  dock:  chimnies 
and  cabbusses  for  vessels,  built  at  the  shortest  notice."  He  was  a  son  of  Michael  and 
Sarah  Homer,  who  first  appear  in  Boston  Records  in  1727,  and  was  published,  Sept. 
29,  1767,  to  marry  Hannah  Allen. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  selectmen,  June  8,  1768,  the  master  of  Engine  Company  No. 
6  presented  the  name  of  a  person  to  take  the   place  in  the  company  of  "Michael 

Elisha  Eaton  (1768).      Authority:  Boston  kins;    Memoir  of  Ralph   Haskins,   by  David   G. 

Records.  Haskins,  Jr.,  1 880;   New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg., 

John  Fullerton  (1768).    Authority:  Boston  1873,  p.  56. 
Recorcjs.  Michael  Homer  (1768).    Authorities:  Bos- 
John  Greenleaf  (1768).     Authority:   Bos-  ton  Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Corn- 
ton  Records.  pany,  Ed.   1842;    Bridgman's  Hist.  King's  Chapel 

John  Haskins  (1768).   Authorities:  "Ralph  Burial-Ground,  p.  200. 
Waldo  Emerson,  his  Maternal  Ancestors,"  by  Has- 


*$2  HISfORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1768 


Homer,  who  has  lately  entred  into  the  Artillery  Company."  July  7,  1773,  he  visited 
the  public  schools  of  Boston,  with  the  justices  and  others.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1770,  and  lived  in  Cold  Lane.  In  1787-8,  he  was  second  lieuten- 
ant of  the  Republican  Volunteers,  and  in  1 791  became  a  captain  in  the  Boston  regiment. 
He  held  the  latter  position  several  years.  "  He  died  at  Hopkinton,  Mass.,  aged  sixty- 
nine  years." 

William  Hoogs  (1768),  of  Newton.  He  was  published,  Oct.  3,  1763,  to  marry 
Elizabeth  Stoddard,  and  became  a  captain  in  the  military  service.  In  a  list  of  the  free- 
holders, in  Newton,  it  is  recorded,  "William  Hoogs  [1768]  owned  a  house  valued  at 
nine  hundred  dollars  and  had  seventy-four  acres  of  land  valued  at  fifteen  hundred  dol- 
lars."    He  was  a  selectman  of  Newton. 

"Capt.  Hoogs  [1768]  removed  to  Canada  and  in  crossing  the  lakes  was  drowned 
with  his  whole  family." 

Israel  Loring  (1768),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Caleb  and  Rebecca  (Lobdell) 
Loring,  of  Hingham,  was  born  Aug.  30,  1741.  He  married  (published)  Mary  Homer, 
of  Boston,  Oct.  17,  1765. 

His  brother,  Joshua  Loring,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769.  Capt.  Israel 
(1768)  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  177 1,  its  ensign  in  1790,  and  a 
captain  in  the  militia.  May  14,  1766,  the  selectmen  approbated  Israel  Loring  (1768) 
as  a  member  of  Engine  Company  No.  6.  He  resided  on  Water  Street.  His  place  of 
business  was  on  Loring's  Wharf. 

Capt.  Loring  (1768)  died  at  Dover,  Mass.,  in  December,  1820,  aged  seventy-nine 
years. 

John  Newell  (1768),  cooper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Andrew  and  Martha  (Ivory)  Newell, 
of  Charlestown,  was  born  (baptized)  May  14,  1738.  He  followed  the  trade  of  his  father, 
who  was  a  cooper,  and  lived  in  a  "  house  of  H.  Gowen's  estate,"  in  Charlestown,  in  1770. 
He  married,  May  27,  1760,  Elizabeth  Skillings,  of  Boston,  and,  in  1782,  married  Mary 

.     He  had  two  sons,  Andrew  and  John,  who   were    baptized  at  the  New  North 

Church,  March  29,  1761.  Capt.  Newell  (1768)  removed  to  Boston,  and  in  1780  was  an 
inn-holder.  June  5,  1782,  the  selectmen  approbated  a  Mr.  Cooper  to  keep  a  tavern  in 
the  house  lately  improved  by  Mr.  Newell  (1768),  situated  in  Way's  Lane,  but  he  was 
succeeded  by  John  Newell  (1768),  June  n,  1783.     Mr.  Newell  (1768)   was,  April  27, 

1785,  appointed  an  inspector  of  pickled  barreled  fish,  pork,  and  beef,  and,  April  13, 

1786,  Capt.  John  Newell  (1768)  was  appointed  an  inspector  of  oil.  In  1771  he  was 
third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company. 

Capt.  Newell  (1768)  died  June  13,  1792,  aged  fifty-four  years,  and  was  buried  in 
the  King's  Chapel  Burial-Ground. 

John  Skillin,  Jr.  (1768),  shipwright,  of  Boston.  The  Boston  Directory,  of  1789, 
names  "John  Skillen,  carver,  the  wharf  north  of  governor  Hancocks  ;  house,  Fish  Street." 
He  was  a  captain  in  the  militia.     He  died  in  July,  1801,  aged  sixty-three  years. 

William  Hoogs  (1768).  Authorities:  Whit-  John  Newell  (1768).    Authorities:  Boston 

man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Records;  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and 
Smith's  Hist,  of  Newton.  Estates. 

Israel  Loring  (1768).   Authority:  Lincoln's 
Hist,  of  Hingham. 


1768]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1§3 

Nathaniel  Waterman  (1768),  cooper,  of  Boston,  was  chosen  a  culler  of  hoops, 
staves,  etc.,  March  25,  1764,  and  was  annually  re-elected  until  1775.  He  was  first  ser- 
geant of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1770,  and  was  a  captain  in  the  militia. 

Charles  Williams  (1768),  merchant  "gentleman."  Nov.  11,  1776,  he  was  chosen 
from  Ward  8  "  for  collecting  an  account  of  damages  sustained  since  the  Boston  Port 
Bill,"  but  July  9  was  excused  from  serving.  Mr.  Charles  Williams  (1768)  was  a  collector 
of  taxes,  in  Boston,  from  1782  to  1786  inclusive.  His  bond  was  ten  thousand  pounds. 
Two  of  his  bondsmen  were  Daniel  Bell  (1733)  and  Benjamin  Edes  (1760).  He  was 
fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1768. 

Lieut.  Williams  (1768)  died  in  Boston,  June  28,  1793,  aged  sixty-one  years,  and  was 
buried  from  his  residence,  on  Sudbury  Street.  "He  was  a  man  of  unspotted  integrity 
and  universal  benevolence." 

Jacob  Williams  (1768),  cooper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Sendall  (1738)  and  Elizabeth 
Williams,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  21,  1 741 .  He  was  a  nephew  of  Jonathan  Williams, 
•Jr.  (1729).  He  was  a  culler  of  staves,  hoops,  etc.,  from  1766  to  1777  inclusive,  warden 
in  1778,  and  the  same  year  was  one  of  a  committee  to  purchase  good  fire-arms  for  the 
militia  of  Boston.  Capt.  Williams  (1768)  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1770. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  of  Capt.  Williams  (1768),  he  "was  shipwrecked  on  the 
coast  of  Africa,  and  was  one  of  the  survivors,  who,  after  great  suffering,  reached  Macao, 
as  related  in  'Saunders  Journal.'  He  went  to  Vermont,  where  he  died,  at  an  advanced 
age,  in  1821  or  2." 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1768  is  as  follows  :  — 
"  April  8th,  1768.  Monday  being  unsuitable  Weather,  the  Company  under  Arms  this 
day,  viz :  Friday,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Aaron  Smith  of  Marlborough 
be  desired  to  preach  on  the  anniversary  Artillery  Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  and 
that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him 
&  desire  the  same.  The  Committee  chosen  (Sept  7th.  1767)  to  consult  what  measures 
would  be  most  beneficial  for  the  increase  of  the  Company,  made  the  following  report, 
which  was  accepted. 

"The  Report  of  the  Committee  appointed  by  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  at  their  meeting  in  Sept.  1767,  to  consider  what  plan  may  be  most  expedient 
to  raise  the  reputation,  secure  the  interest,  and  save  the  expence  of  said  Company  —  The 
Committee  have  several  times  met  and  taken  the  state  of  the  Company  into  considera- 
tion, and  beg  leave  to  Report  as  follows  :  It  appears  to  the  Committee,  that  the  extraor- 
dinary expenses  attending  the  Officers  of  said  Company  have  been  very  discouraging 
to  its  members,  as  well  as  to  many  who  have  discovered  an  inclination  to  join  it;  it  also 
appears,  that  a  very  great  saving  may  be  made  in  the  expences ;  so  great  as  to  take  off 
any  objections  of  this  sort  for  the  future ;  if  the  interest  of  the  Company  be  carefully 
attended  to.  And  as  a  preliminary  to  the  above,  the  Committee  think  it  highly  neces- 
sary, that  we  ascertain  the  exact  amount  of  the  principal  (monies),  in  hand,  or  otherways, 
in  order  to  know  the  bottom  on  which  we  propose  to  delineate  the  plan,  and  that  an  addi- 

Charles  Williams  (1768).    Authority :  Bos-  Jacob  Williams  (1768).  Authorities:  Bos- 

ton Records.  ton    Records;     Whitman's    Hist.    A.    and    H.   A. 

Company,  Ed.  1842. 


154  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,76S 

tion  of  one  or  more  be  made  to  the  Committee  now  existing  to  expedite  this  matter  as 
soon  as  may  be  ;  and  till  that  be  done,  we  can  only  go  upon  supposition,  that  our  Capital 
Stock  will  amount  to  five  hundred  pounds ;  and  if  so,  we  propose  the  whole  interest  of 
said  capital  stock,  amounting  to  one  hundred  dollars  per  annum  be  allowed  to  the  Com- 
mission Officers  to  provide  the  dinner  on  the  anniversary  Election  of  Officers  ;  and  that 
it  be  recommended  that  they  do  not  exceed  said  [amount].  That  the  Expence  of  the 
Evening  be  paid  by  the  new  elected  officers  in  the  following  proportions,  viz  :  the  Cap- 
tain, three-sixths :  the  Lieutenant,  two  and  the  Ensign,  one.  That  the  Sergeants  enter- 
tain the  Company  in  their  respective  turns  as  formerly,  and  to  make  no  other  provision 
than  is  proposed  by  the  plan  annexed,  which  is  thought  to  be  fully  sufficient,  viz  : 

"  9  Bottles,  2  Gallons  Wine       .....         £o      9     4 
"8  Gallons  Punch, —  half  hundred  Lemons        .         .  10     8 

"  Rum  &  Sugar 6     8 

"  Biscuit .  28 

"  10  lb  Cheese 6     8 

£1     16     o 

If  souring  is  scarce  &  dear,  then  the  Sergeant  to  provide  Wine  only,  that  the  sum  of  one 
pound,  sixteen  shillings,  be  not  exceeded.  And  it  is  further  recommended,  in  order  to 
save  unnecessary  trouble  to  the  Sergeants,  that  there  be  provided  a  large  Military  Chest, 
sufficient  to  hold  the  aforesaid  stores ;  said  Chest  to  be  kept  in  the  upper  chamber  of  the 
Market,  the  Key  to  be  lodged  with  the  Clerk.  That  the  Sergeant  whose  turn  it  is  to 
entertain  the  Company,  by  applying  to  him  may  have  such  key  and  the  Chest  be  put  in 
the  Hall,  with  the  aforesaid  stores,  not  to  be  taken  out  until  the  Company  is  all  seated 
at  the  tables ;  and  furthermore,  it  is  recommended  that  the  door  of  the  Hall  be  shut  as 
soon  as  the  Company  is  all  seated  at  the  tables,  as  aforesaid.  The  Committee  are  also 
of  opinion,  that  if  the  members  of  the  Company  were  a  little  industrious,  &  would  com- 
municate to  such  as  they  are  connected  with,  who  may  be  likely  to  joyn  us,  how  trifling 
the  expense  is  like  to  be  now,  to  what  it  was  formerly,  we  should  soon  have  as  sufficient 
number  as  desired. 

"Voted,  That  Col.  Thomas  Marshall  [1761],  Capt  William  Homes  [1747],  be  joined 
the  Committee  to  settle  the  affairs  of  the  monies  due  from  Col.  Blanchards  [1737] 
heirs  to  the  Company.  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Ten's,  Clerk. 

"May  2d,  1768.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  That  Committee  chosen  to 
wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Aaron  Smith  of  Marlborough  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next 
Artillery  Election  sermon,  reported  that  he  desired  to  be  excused  :  they  then  Voted,  that 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Jonas  Clark  of  Lexington  be  desired  to  preach  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Sermon ;  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee 
to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same ;  and  in  case  of  his  refusing,  the  said  Committee  is 
to  provide  a  Minister  to  preach  on  that  day.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  thirty 
pounds  to  the  present  Commission  Officers  towards  defraying  the  charge  of  the  next 
Election  Dinner  in  June  next,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted,  that  Robert 
Jenkins  (1756),  the  present  Clerk,  have  one  quarter  of  the  fines  he  shall  collect  from 
the  delinquent  members.  Attest :     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk. 

"June  6,  1768.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 


,768]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  55 

Mr.  Jonas  Clark  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached 
this  day.1  Attest:     Robert  Jenkins,  Tert's,  Clerk." 

"  Boston,  Saturday  June  4,  1768.  This  being  the  Anniversary  of  his  Majesty's  birth, 
when  he  entered  upon  the  31st  year  of  his  age  ;  at  sunrise,  flags  were  displayed  at  Castle 
William  and  at  each  of  the  town  batteries  :  at  twelve  o'clock  the  guns  of  the  Castle  and 
batteries  were  fired,  and  at  one  his  Majesty's  ship,  the  Romney  of  50  guns,  fired  a  royal 
salute.  His  Excellency,  the  Governor's  troop  of  guards,  under  the  command  of  Colonel 
Phipps,  the  regiment  of  militia  of  this  town,  commanded  by  Colonel  Jackson  [1738J, 
with  the  train  of  Artillery  under  Capt.  Paddock  [1762]  mustered  in  King  Street,  where 
the  troop  and  regiment  fired  three  vollies,  and  the  train  several  discharges  of  their  new 
field  pieces,  after  which  the  troop  and  regiment  marched  off.  Then  the  train  performed 
the  exercise  of  a  mock  fight,  during  which  their  soldier-like  behavior,  their  management 
of  the  artillery,  and  the  good  order  observed,  gave  general  satisfaction  to  a  numerous 
crowd  of  spectators.  His  Majesty's  Council,  the  House  of  Representatives  and  the 
officers  of  the  militia,  attended  his  Excellency  at  the  Council  Chamber,  where  a  number 
of  loyal  toasts  were  drank,  viz :  The  King,  Queen,  Royal  Family,  Union  between  Great 
Britain  and  her  Colonies,  the  Province,  &c  &c.  Then  the  Captains  marched  their  respec- 
tive companies  to  their  own  houses,  where  genteel  dinners  were  prepared,  for  their 
officers  and  other  gentlemen  of  the  town."2 

Rev.  Jonas  Clark,  of  Lexington,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1768. 
He  was  born  at  Newton,  Mass.,  Dec.  25,  1730,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1752, 
and  was  ordained  over  the  church  in  Lexington,  Nov.  5,  1755.  He  died  Nov.  15, 
1805,  after  a  ministry  of  a  little  more  than  half  a  century.  "  His  sermons  were  rarely  less 
than  an  hour  long,  often  more.  There  is  a  tradition  that,  on  a  certain  occasion,  he  was 
known  to  have  prayed  two  hours."  He  was  a  true  son  of  liberty,  and  the  militia  of 
Lexington,  who,  on  the  morning  of  April  19,  met  the  British  regulars,  only  carried  into 
practice  the  teachings  of  their  venerated  pastor. 

"  Mr.  Clark,"  says  Mr.  Everett,  "  was  of  a  class  of  citizens  who  rendered  services 
second  to  no  others  in  enlightening  and  animating  the  popular  mind  on  the  great  ques- 
tion at  issue  —  I  mean  the  patriotic  clergy  of  New  England."  It  was  at  his  house,  in 
Lexington,  that  Samuel  Adams  and  John  Hancock,  while  under  proscription,  tarried ; 
there  Paul  Revere  and  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  found  them  on  the  morning  of  April 
ig,  1775, —  and  thence  they  escaped,  before  the  arrival  of  the  British,  into  the  town 
of  Billerica. 

Rev.  Jonas  Clark.     Authorities:  Sprague's  Chronicles,  chapter  17,  verse  16:  'And  next  him  was 

Annals  of  American  Pulpit,  containing  an  interesting  Amasiah,  the  son  of  Zichri,  who  willingly  offered 

account  of  Mr.  Clark  by  his  son-in-law,  Dr.  William  himself  unto  the  Lord;  and  with  him  two  hundred 

Ware,  Hollis  Professor  in  the  University  in  Cam-  thousand  mighty  men  of  valour.'     After  which  the 

bridge;   Eliot's  and  Allen's  Biog.  Diets.  following  gentlemen  were  chosen   for  the  ensuing 

1  "Boston,  Monday,  June  6,  1768.     This  being  year:  James  Cunningham  Esq.  [  1 761]  Captain,  Mr. 

the  Anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers  for  the  William  Heath  [1765],  Lieutenant   Mr.  David  Spear 

Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  his  Ex-  [1758]  Ensign.     They  then  marched  to  the  British 

cellency,  the  Governor,  his  Majesty's  Council,  and  Coffee  House,  where  the  company  gave  an  elegant 

several  other  gentlemen  attended  by  the  C  mpany,  dinner,  and  the  new  elected  officers  treated  in  the 

went  in  procession  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  evening."  —  Boston  Gazette. 

where   a  sermon   was   preached   by   the    Rev.   Mr.  2  Boston  Gazette. 
Jonas   Clark   of  Lexington,   from   these   words,   2d 


l56  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,y69 

s  The   officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in    1769  were:  Josiah 

I/OQ.  Waters  (1747),  captain ;  Edward  Carnes    (1755),  lieutenant;    Robert  Jen- 

S     kins  (1756),  ensign.   William  Rogers  (1765)  was  first  sergeant;  John  Stutson 

(1765),  second  sergeant ;  Asa  Stoddard  (1765),  third  sergeant;  Ebenezer  Torrey  (1765), 

fourth  sergeant,  and  Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  clerk. 

March  22,  1769,  Major  Cunningham  (1761)  applied  to  the  selectmen  of  Boston  for 
"the  favor  of  Faneuil  Hall  to  exercise  the  Artillery  men  —  for  some  Time  before  their 
appearance,  which  was  granted  him  accordingly." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1769  were  :  John  Arnold,  John 
Bartlett,  John  Boyle,  Joseph  Croswell,  John  Grant,  Jr.,  Joshua  Loring,  Manasseh  Mars- 
ton,  John  Fisk  Osgood,  Joseph  Pierce,  Thomas  Russell,  Thomas  Sherburne,  Jr.,  John 
Simpkins,  Josiah  Waters,  Jr. 

John  Arnold  (1769),  a  cabinetmaker,  of  Boston,  was  published  to  marry  Abigail 
Foster,  March  10,  1763.  He  was  elected  a  constable  of  Boston,  March  13,  1769,  and  a 
surveyor  of  boards  for  the  year  1782.  He  enlisted  for  service  in  the  Continental  Army, 
May  3,  1775,  was  mustered  Aug.  1,  1775,  and  served  three  months  and  six  days.  Admin- 
istration on  his  estate  was  granted  in  1784. 

John  Bartlett  (1769),  physician,  of  Boston  and  Roxbury,  had  a  son,  Thomas,  born 
in  Boston  May  14,  1767,  by  wife  Tabitha.  Thomas  became  a  druggist,  and  joined  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1793. 

Nov.  11,  1767,  Mr.  John  Bartlett  (1769)  prayed  of  the  selectmen  "leave  to  break 
ground  in  order  to  carry  a  drain  from  his  house,  near  the  sign  of  the  Lamb,"  into  the 
common  sewer.  He  therefore  lived  near  the  present  Adams  House,  on  Washington 
Street,  Boston.  He  was  chosen  a  scavenger  for  Ward  11,  March  14,  1768  ;  a  constable, 
Sept.  16,  1776,  and  March  n,  1777.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1772.  Mr.  Drake  locates  and  describes  the  residence  of  Dr.  John  Bartlett  (1769)  in 
his  '•  History  of  the  Town  of  Roxbury."  He  was  drafted  for  service  in  the  Continental 
Army,  Dec.  19,  1776,  and  hired  a  substitute.  Aug.  ir,  1783,  Dr.  Bartlett  (1769)  and  Dr. 
John  Warren  petitioned  the  town  of  Boston  "  for  Liberty  to  carry  on  the  Business  of 
Innoculation  upon  Apple  Island  it  being  a  very  Safe  and  convenient  situation."  The 
petition  was  granted.  Oct.  25,  1786,  Capt.  Bartlett  (1769)  applied  to  the  selectmen  for 
"the  use  of  the  [Faneuil]  Hall  to  exercise  his  Company,"  called  the  "  Volunteer  Re- 
publican Company,"  on  Thursday  evenings. 

After  an  affliction  of  blindness  for  several  years,  he  died  in  1823-4. 

John  Boyle  (1769),  bookseller,  of  Boston,  at  No.  18  Marlborough  Street,  "the 
sign  of  the  Three  Doves,"  was  born  in  the  town  of  Marblehead,  Mass.,  on  the  sixth 
day  of  March,  1746.  He  was  published,  Feb.  21,  1772,  to  marry  Celia  Gray,  and,  (2) 
Jan.  10,  1777,  Betsey  Cazneau.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1773,  and  commanded  a  regiment  in  the  Revolutionary  War.  He  was  a  warden  of 
the  town  of  Boston  in  1780,  and  June  10  of  that  year,  Capt.  Boyle  (1769)  was  selected 
from  Ward   10  to  collect  the  sums  subscribed  in  that  ward  for  carrying  on  the  war. 

John  Bartlett  (1769).    Authorities:  Boston  John  Boyle  (1769).     Authorities :  Boston 

Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,       Records;   One  Hundred  and  Twenty-fifth  Anniver- 
Ed.  1842.  sary  of  the  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M., 

1896;  Moore's  Monthly  Magazine,  Vol.  XVIII. 


1769]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  157 

He  served  an  apprenticeship  with  Green  &  Russell,  printers.  He  began  business 
in  Boston  as  a  printer  and  bookseller  on  Marlborough  Street,  having  purchased  types, 
etc.,  of  a  Mr.  Fletcher  at  Halifax,  and  printed  a  few  books  on  his  own  account.  In 
May,  1774,  Mr.  loyle  (1769)  formed  a  partnership  with  Richard  Draper,  publisher  of  the 
Massachusetts  Gazette  and  Boston  Mws-Letter.  Mr.  Draper  died  the  following  month 
June  6,  1774,  and  his  widow  fornud  a  partnership  with  John  Boyle  (1769)  in  the 
publication  of  the  News-Letter.  In  August  following,  the  partnership  was  dissolved,  and 
Mr.  Boyle  (1769)  returned  to  his  former  stand  In  1775,  he  sold  his  printing  materials, 
but  retained  his  book-store,  which  he  kept  for  many  years.  His  place  of  business  was 
No.  18  Marlborough,  now  Washington,  Street.  He  was  a  commander  of  the  Cadets, 
active  in  military  matters,  and  was  aide-de-camp  for  nine  years  on  Gov.  Hancock's 
staff,  with  the  rank  of  colonel. 

Col.  Boyle  (1769)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  Massachusetts  Lodge  during 
the  first  months  of  1785.  He  became  a  member  of  that  Lodge  April  4,  1785,  and  was 
worshipful  master  in  1798,  1800,  and  1803.  In  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  he 
was  steward  in  1794-5,  deacon  in  1796-7,  junior  grand  warden  in  1799,  senior  grand 
warden  in  1800,  1801,  and  1802.  He  was  the  first  district  deputy  grand  master  of  the 
First  Masonic  District,  having  been  appointed  in  1802  ;  he  served  until  1808. 

Col.  Boyle  (1769)  died  Nov.  18,  1819,  aged  seventy-three  years. 

Joseph  Croswell  (1769),  probably  of  Charlestown.  He  was  published,  Oct.  29, 1772, 
to  marry  Lucy  Allen,  of  Boston,  and  is  not  elsewhere  mentioned  in  the  records  of  Boston. 

John  Grant,  Jr.  (1769),  of  Boston,  son  of  John  (1733)  and  Elizabeth  Grant,  was 
born  Sept.  1,  1746. 

In  1769,  the  town  of  Boston  received  from  Joanna  Brooker  a  bequest  for  poor 
widows.  The  original  bequest  was  eight  hundred  and  twenty-one  pounds.  This  amount 
was  loaned  by  the  selectmen  to  responsible  citizens  of  the  town;  the  interest  being 
collected  annually  and  distributed  to  .the  poor.  March  22,  1769,  John  Grant  (1733)  & 
Son  (1769)  obtained  a  loan  from  this  fund  of  sixty-six  pounds,  thirteen  shillings  and  four 
pence.  The  interest,  paid  March  23,  1770,  for  one  year,  was  fourteen  pounds,  probably 
an  error  for  four  pounds,  the  amount  paid  the  next  year.  The  interest  was  regularly 
paid  by  them  until  Feb.  24,  1779,  when  Deacon  Simpkins  (1769)  paid  the  interest  for 
Mrs.  Grant,  and  July  29,  1782,  the  bond  of  John  Grant  (1733)  &  Son  (1769),  being 
paid,  was  discharged.  This  implies  that  just  prior  to  1779,  John  Grant  (1733)  died,  his 
son  John  (1769)  does  not  afterward  appear  in  the  records. 

Other  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  who  borrowed  from  the  Brooker  bequest 
were  John  Fullerton  (1768)  and  Mr.  Tilestone  (1747). 

Joshua  Loring  (1769),  of  Boston.  There  were  three  persons  in  Boston  and  vicinity, 
in  1769,  named  Joshua  Loring. 

(1)  Joshua  Loring,  of  Boston,  Dorchester,  and  Roxbury.  He  learned  the  tanner's 
trade  with  James  Mears,  on  Roxbury  Street,  but  when  of  age  went  to  sea,  rose  to  the 
command  of  a  privateer,  and  having  been  taken  prisoner  by  the  French,  in  August,  1744, 

Joshua  Loring  (1769).     Authorities:  Cur-       Company,  Ed.  1842;   Lincoln's  Hist,  of  Hirigham; 
wen's  Letters;   Drake's  Hist,  of  Roxbury;   Sabine's       Frothingham's  Siege  of  Boston. 
American  Loyalists;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. 


l5&  HISTORY    OF   THE    ANCIENT   AND  r_,76g 

was  for  some  months  a  prisoner  in  Louisburg.  Dec.  19,  1757,  he  was  commissioned  a 
captain  in  the  British  navy,  was  commodore  of  the  naval  forces  on  lakes  Champlain  and 
Ontario,  and  participated  in  the  capture  of  Quebec,  under  Gen.  Wolfe,  and  in  the  con- 
quest of  Canada,  in  the  succeeding  campaign  of  Gen.  Amherst.  He  was  severely 
wounded  while  in  command  on  Lake  Ontario,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  retired  on 
half  pay,  at  which  time  he  settled  down  at  Jamaica  Plain.  Gov.  Gage  appointed  Com- 
modore Loring  a  member  of  the  governor's  council.  March  30,  1775,  the  Provincial 
Congress  denounced  Joshua  Loring  as  an  implacable  enemy  to  their  country.  On  the 
morning  of  the  Lexington  battle,  he  mounted  his  horse,  left  his  home,  and  everything 
belonging  to  it,  and,  pistol  in  hand,  rode  at  full  speed  to  Boston,  stopping  on  the  way 
only  to  answer  an  old  friend  who  asked,  "Are  you  going,  Commodore?"  "Yes,"  he 
replied ;  "  I  have  always  eaten  the  king's  bread,  and  always  intend  to."  He  received  a 
pension  from  the  Crown  until  his  decease,  at  Highgate,  England,  in  October,  1781,  at 
the  age  of  sixty-five  years. 

(2)  Joshua  Loring,  Jr.,  was  a  son  of  Commodore  Joshua  and  Mary  (Curtis) 
Loring.  Joshua,  Jr.,  was  sheriff  of  Suffolk  County  in  1775,  and  was  "  Town  Major," 
under  Gen.  Gage,  during  the  siege  of  Boston.  Oct.  7,  1775,  Gen.  Gage  issued  a  proc- 
lamation appointing  "Joshua  Loring,  Jr.,  Esq.,  to  be  sole  vendue  master  and  auctioneer, 
in  and  for  the  town  of  Boston,"  and-strictly  prohibited  any  other  person  from  doing  that 
business.  He  is  the  one  who,  as  deputy  commissioner  of  prisoners  at  New  York,  made 
himself  so  detested  by  his  brutal  indifference  to  the  comfort  of  his  unfortunate  country- 
men who  were  prisoners.  He  was  an  addresser  of  Hutchinson  in  1774,  of  Gov.  Gage 
in  1775,  went  to  Halifax  in  1776,  and  was  proscribed  in.  1778.  He  married,  in  1769, 
Elizabeth  Lloyd,  of  Boston.  It  is  this  Joshua  whom  Mr.  Whitman  (18 10),  in  his  history 
of  the  Artillery  Company,  cites  as  being  a  member  of  the  Company. 

In  the  Columbian  Centinel  of  Nov.  21,  1789,  it  is  stated  that  Joshua  Loring,  Esq., 
commissary  of  prisoners  during  the  late  war,  died  in  England,  aged  forty-five  years. 

(3)  Joshua  Loring,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Caleb  and  Rebecca  (Lobdell)  Loring, 
of  Hingham,  and  was  born  Oct.  31,  1737.  He  married,  Oct.  8,  1760,  Margaret  Tid- 
marsh.  He  was  by  trade  a  cooper.  His  brother,  Israel  Loring,  joined  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1768.  It  is  more  probable  that  this  Joshua,  son  of  Caleb,  joined  the  Artil- 
lery Company  in  1769.  Prior  to  1769,  he  had  risen  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  local 
militia.  Joshua  Loring  (1769)  died  soon  after  joining  the  Artillery  Company,  for,  in 
1770,  his  brother,  Caleb,  a  distiller  (Loring  &  Snelling),  of  Boston,  married  Margaret 
(Tidmarsh)  Loring,  the  widow  of  Joshua  (1769).  The  Joshua  who  joined  the  Old  South 
Church,  Jan.  31,  1741,  was  a  son  of  Joseph,  of  Hingham,  and  joined  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1722. 

Manasseh  Marston  (1769),  cooper,  of  Boston.  He  married  a  Miss  Ingalls,  Jan. 
27>  11^S-  The  Columbian  Centinel  announces  the  event  in  these  words:  "On 
Thursday  evening  last  [Jan.  27,  1785]  the  hymeneal  torch  was  light[ed]  between  Capt. 
Manasseh  Marston  and  Miss  Ingalls  —  When  a  refin'd  sensibility  is  added  to  the  most 
superlative  worth,  we  cannot  but  presage  that  the  alliance  will  do  honor  to  the 
Institution." 

He  was  chosen  a  culler  of  staves,  hoops,  etc.,  from  1769  to   1777  inclusive.     The 

Manasseh  Marston  (1769)-    Authorities:  Boston  Records;  Early  Masonic  Records. 


i769J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  159 

town  records  often  give  the  name  "Masters"  for  "  Marston."  July  14,  1768,  he  lived 
near  the  New  Brick  Meeting- House.  Capt.  Manasseh  Marston  (1769)  was  elected 
culler  of  staves  in  1783,  was  approved  as  a  surveyor  of  "pork,  beef  and  barrel'd  fish  for 
this  town,"  in  1784.  He  was  identified  with  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  becoming  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St. 
Andrew  in  1781.  He  was  present  in  Grand  Lodge  at  the  installation  of  M.  W.  Joseph 
Webb,  Jr.  (1761),  June  24,  1783,  and  attended  the  Special  Communication,  Jan.  8,  1784, 
in  Charlestown,  when  King  Solomon's  Lodge  was  constituted. 
His  will  was  proved  in  1791. 

John  Fisk  Osgood  (1769).  Sarah,  daughter  of  John  Fisk  and  Lucy  Osgood,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Oct.  25,  1771.  She  died  in  infancy,  and  their  second  child,  Sarah,  was 
born  April  7,  1773.  He  was  drafted,  Dec.  18,  1776,  to  serve  in  the  Continental  Army. 
He  therefore  enlisted,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  ensign,  in  active  service. 

Administration  was  granted  on  his  estate  in  1792. 

Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Isaac  and  Mary  (Hardy)  Pierce, 
was  born  Dec.  25,  1745.  He  married  Ann  Dawes,  daughter  of  Thomas  (1754)  and 
Hannah  (Blake)  Dawes,  and  sister  of  Judge  Thomas  Dawes,  April  4,  1771,  by  whom  he 
had  twelve  children.  He  was  a  graduate  of  the  Boston  Latin  School  in  1756,  a  prom- 
inent merchant  of  Boston,  and  from  his  store,  on  the  north  side  of  State  Street,  witnessed 
the  massacre  of  March  5,  1770.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery 
Company,  says  that  his  name  appears  on  a  sign,  over  his  store-door,  in  an  old  picture  of 
the  State  House,  taken  before  the  Revolution. 

He  was  a  founder  of  the  Provincial  Grenadier  Corps,  and  its  second  captain.  He 
commanded  the  company  on  the  occasion  of  its  first  parade,  June  8,  1772,  Henry 
Knox,  his  intimate  friend,  afterward  major-general  and  secretary  of  war,  being  second  in 
command.  His  only  son,  Major  Joseph  Hardy  Pierce,  who  married,  in  1791,  Frances 
Temple,  daughter  of  Joseph  Cordis,  was  a  man  of  "  most  elegant  presence,  lieutenant 
with  the  rank  of  major  in  the  Independent  Corps  of  Cadets,  aide-de-camp  to  several 
governors,  secretary  to  the  board  of  war,  and  clerk  of  the  municipal  court  of  Boston." 
His  eldest  daughter,  Ann,  born  Aug.  n,  1774,  married,  April  25,  1792,  John,  son  of  Rev. 
lohn  Lathrop,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1774.  Hon.  John  Lothrop 
Motley  was  the  grandson  of  John  and  Ann  (Pierce)  Lathrop. 

Capt.  Joseph  (1769)  and  his  wife,  Ann,  joined  the  Old  South  Church  Feb.  26,  1775. 
For  more  than  fifty  years  he  was  an  active  member  of  that  church,  served  it  as  secretary 
at  different  times,  a  member  of  the  standing  committee  for  many  years,  and  was  promi- 
nent in  the  management  of  the  business  matters  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

He  belonged  to  a  military  and  patriotic  family,  —  his  father  and  brothers  serving 
with  distinction  in  the  Continental  Army.  He  was  a  representative  to  the  General 
Court,  and  served  on  important  committees  during  the  Revolutionary  War.  He  was 
clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1769  and  1770,  and  first  sergeant  in  1773,  and  in  the 
militia  became  captain.     He  died  in  Boston,  Jan.  1,  1828,  aged  eighty-two  years. 

Joseph  Pierce  (1769).  Authorities  :  Whit-  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church;  Holland's  "William 
man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Hill's       Dawes  and  his  Ride  with  Paul  Revere." 


l6o  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1769 

Thomas  Russell  (1769),  brazier,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Benjamin  (1745)  and 
Elizabeth  Russell,  was  born  May  10,  1738.  He  had  a  wife,  Onner,  and  their  first  child 
was  born  in  Boston,  April  16,  1757.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1773,  and  was  chosen  scavenger  for  Ward  6,  in  1771  ;  one  of  the  committee,  in  1776,  to 
collect  an  account  of  the  damages  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill,  and  also  a  scavenger  in 
1777  for  Ward  9.  Mr.  Russell  (1769)  was  chosen  one  of  a  committee  of  twelve  persons 
to  borrow  money  to  purchase  flour,  etc.,  for  the  people  of  Boston.  A  Thomas  Russell 
was  present  at  the  festival  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  held  by  the  Massachusetts  Grand 
Lodge,  Dec.  28,  1778. 

Thomas  Sherburne,  Jr.  (1769),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Margaret 
Sherburne,  was  born  Jan.  26,  1741.  He  was  clerk  of  the  market  from  1775  to  1777 
inclusive,  and  Feb.  6,  1777,  was  chosen  one  of  the  three  from  Ward  5  "  to  aid  and  assist 
the  selectmen  and  Committee  of  Correspondence  in  carrying  into  effect  a  late  act  to  pre- 
vent monopolies."  He  was  drawn  for  a  juror  in  a  maritime  court,  Jan.  n,  1778,  and 
again,  July  19,  1780.  Sept.  8,  1784,  a  Mr.  Parker,  collector  of  taxes,  presented  several 
persons  as  bondsmen  not  acceptable  to  the  selectmen,  but  at  a  later  meeting,  Mr.  Thomas 
Sherburne  (1769)  was  presented  and  accepted.  His  residence  and  place  of  business 
were  on  Back,  now  Salem,  Street. 

John  Simpkins  (1769),  upholsterer,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  (1739)  and  Elizabeth 
Simpkins,  grandson  of  Thomas  (1727),  and  a  descendant  of  Capt.  Nicholas  (1650),  was 
born  in  Boston  Nov.  12,  1740.  Previous  to  1780  he  occupied  a  "Town's  Shop"  near 
the  dock  (rental,  ,£666  per  year),  but  later  his  store  was  No.  51  Cornhill,  now  Wash- 
ington Street.  He  was  elected  a  clerk  of  the  market,  March  24,  1766,  and  March  9,  1767. 
In  March,  1770,  he  was  added,  by  vote  of  the  town,  to  the  committee  authorized  "to 
procure  subscriptions  to  an  agreement  not  to  dispose  of  foreign  tea  until  the  revenue  acts 
shall  be  repealed."  In  1777,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence, 
Inspection,  and  Safety;  and  in  1777,  also  in  1778,  1780,  one  of  the  twelve  wardens  of 
the  town.     In  the  militia  he  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain. 

In  1778,  the  town  of  Boston  voted  to  raise  four  thousand  pounds  for  the  purpose  of 
supplying  "  the  families  of  the  Non-Commissioned  Officers  &  Soldiers  in  Town,  who 
have  enlisted  in  the  Continental  army,"  with  provisions.  A  commissary,  Capt.  John 
Simpkins  (1769),  was  elected  to  dispose  of  said  provisions  to  the  families.  In  1780,  he 
was  intrusted,  as  commissary,  with  the  expenditure  of  twenty  thousand  pounds  for  the 
same  purpose.  He  was  treasurer  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Society  in  1784  and 
subsequently.  Capt.  Simpkins  (1769)  was  a  deacon  of  the  New  North  Church  for 
many  years. 

He  died  Dec.  11,  1831,  aged  ninety-one  years,  leaving  a  handsome  estate.  His 
dwelling-house,  in  Boston,  was  near  the  Brattle  Street  Church. 

Thomas  Russell  (1769).  Authorities:  Bos-  John  Simpkins  (1769).  Authorities:  Bos- 
ton Records;   Early  Masonic  Records.  ton  Records;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com- 

Thomas  Sherburne,  Jr.  (1769)-     Author-  pany,  Ed.  1842. 
1TY:  Boston  Records. 


1769]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  l6l 

Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  (1769),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Josiah  (1747)  and 
Abigail  (Dawes)  Waters,  was  born  Sept.  28,  1747,  in  Boston.  He  married,  March  14, 
1 77 1,  Mary,  daughter  of  William  and  Elizabeth  Whitwell,  of  Boston.  He  resided  on 
Newbury,  now  Washington,  Street,  betwee-n  Summer  Street  and  Rowe's  Lane.  He' 
became  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church,  Jan.  5,  1772.  In  1  782  his  place  of  business 
was  in  "Auchmuty's  Lane,"  now  Essex  Street. 

He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1773 ;  first  sergeant  in  1793  ; 
lieutenant  in  1787  ;'  its  captain  in  1791,  and  was  the  treasurer  of  the  Company  for 
several  years.  He  was  appointed  inspector  of  police  Dec.  29,  1792,  and  held  that 
office  for  several  years. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  Col.  Waters  (1769)  "collected  many  facts  for  a  history, 
but  never  published  them.  The  manuscript  is  lost.  The  older  members  used  to  speak 
of  it  as  containing  important  facts,  as  well  as  anecdotes  of  members,  now  preserved 
in  the  imperfect  recollection  of  survivors.  In  1804,  Col.  Waters  [1769]  proposed  to 
establish  a  military  library,  but  it  was  never  carried  into  effect "  He  was  greatly  inter- 
ested in  the  militia,  and,  after  passing  through  the  various  grades,  he  became  colonel  of 
the  Boston  regiment. 

Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  (1769),  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew 
in  1770,  and  was  chosen  steward  of  that  lodge  Nov.  30  of  that  year.  June  24,  1782, 
he  was  present  at  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  and  was  the  first  named  on  a  com- 
mittee "  to  wait  on  Rev.  Mr.  John  Eliot  &  Dr.  John  Warren  and  Return  the  Thanks  of 
the  Grand  Lodge  for  the  Elegant  Sermon  &  Charge  delivered  by  them,"  on  that  day, 
before  the  Grand  Lodge.  He  was  grand  marshal  of  that  Grand  Lodge  in  1788  and 
1789,  and  previously  held  other  positions  pro  tempore. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1769  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  3d.  1769.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Phillips  Payson,  of  Chelsea,  be  desired  to  preach  on  the  Anniversary  Artillery 
Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  and  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treas- 
urer, be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  pay 
to  Mr.  Lunisby  eight  shillings  for  a  new  bench,  in  lieu  of  that  which  was  broke  in  the 
Common  last  Election  Day.  Attest :     Elias  Dupee,  Clerk. 

"May  1st.  1769.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  the  Committee  chosen  to  wait 
on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Phillips  Payson  of  Chelsea,  to  desire  him  to  preach  the  next  Artillery 
Election  Sermon,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the  same.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer 
pay  thirty  pounds  to  the  present  Commission  Officers  towards  defreying  the  charge  of 
the  Election  Dinner,  in  June  next,  and  the  Company  to  dine  with  them.  Voted,  that 
Elias  Dupee  [1763],  the  present  Clerk,  have  one  quarter  part  of  the  fines  he  shall  collect 
the  present  year  from  the  delinquent  members  of  the  Company.  Voted,  That  Capt. 
Thomas  Dawes  [1754],  Mr.  John  Deming  [1756]  and  Mr.  Robert  Jenkins  [1756]  be  a 
Committee  to  examine  into  the  state  of  Mrs  Rebecca  Blanchards  Bond  &  Mortgage  and 

Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  (1769).     Authorities:  pose  wants  lo  introduce  something  new  into  the 

Boston  Records;    Early  Masonic  Records.  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  before 

1  "  My  friend  and  neighbor,  Waters  [1769],  has  he  goes  out  of  office,  which  will  be  the  first  Monday 

given  me  a  memorandum  for  a  book  of  military  ex-  in  June."  —  Belknap   lo   Hazard,   May   15,   1788, 

ercises,  which  he  wishes  you  would  get  for  him  as  quoted  by  Mr.  Hill  in  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church, 

soon  as  possible,  and  let  him  know  the  price.     He  Boston,  Vol.  II.,  p.  254. 
is  an  ardent  lover  of  military  matters;   and  I  sup- 


I  62  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['770 


see  what  may  be  due  thereon.  Voted,  That  Capt  Thomas  Dawes  [1754],  Mr.  John 
Deming  [1756]  and  Mr  Robert  Jenkins  [1756]  be  a  Committee  to  examine  the  List  of 
Members  &  settle  with  those  in  arrears.  Attest :     Elias  Dupee,  Clerk. 

"June  5th,  1769.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Phillips  Payson,  &  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon  preached 
this  day.1  Attest :     Elias  Dupee,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Phillips  Payson,  of  Chelsea,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1769. 
He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Phillips  and  Ann  (Smith)  Payson,  and  was  born  at  Walpole,  Mass., 
Jan.  18,  1735-6.  He  married,  Aug.  17,  1758,  Elizabeth  Stone,  daughter  of  Rev.  James 
Stone,  of  Holliston.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1754,  and  received  from  that 
institution  the  degrees  of  A.  M.  and  D.  D.  Mr.  Payson  was  ordained  at  Chelsea,  Oct. 
25>  T7S7>  and  remained  there  as  pastor  of  the  First  Church  in  Chelsea  for  forty-four 
years.  He  rose  to  distinction  as  a  classical  scholar,  and  was  well  versed  in  astronomy 
and  natural  philosophy.  He  delivered  the  election  sermon  in  1778,  which  was  printed, 
and  a  sermon  on  the  death  of  George  Washington,  also  printed. 

Mr.  Payson  died  at  Chelsea,  Jan.  n,  1801,  aged  sixty-four  years. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1770  were:  William 

\  7 VQ,  Heath  (1765),  captain  ;  Martin  Gay  (1761),  lieutenant;  Jonas  Clark  (1756), 

'    '  ensign.     Nathaniel  Waterman  (1768)  was  first  sergeant ;  William  Dawes,  Jr. 

(1768),   second   sergeant;    Michael    Homer    (1768),  third    sergeant;    Jacob  Williams 

(1768),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  clerk. 

Feb.  22,  1770,  "some  boys  set  up  a  large  wooden  head,  with  a  board  faced  with 
paper,  on  which  were  painted  the  figures  of  four  of  the  [proscribed]  importers,  who  had 
violated  the  merchants  agreement,  in  the  middle  of  the  street  before  Theophilus  Lille's 
door."  An  informer,  conspicuous  by  his  intermeddling,  was  driven  by  the  boys  to  his 
home.  Chagrined,  and  seeking  revenge,  he  opened  a  window,  and  fired  a  gun  into  the 
crowd,  severely  wounding  Samuel  Gore  (1786),  son  of  Capt.  John  Gore  (1743),  and 
mortally  wounding  another  lad. 

Soon  after,  the  trouble  between  the  ropemakers  and  the  soldiers  took  place, 
which  resulted  in  the  massacre  of  March  5,  1770.  No  members  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  were  prominent  in  that  conflict  between  the  people  and 
the  soldiers,  but  some  were  active  in  demanding  and  obtaining  the  removal  of  the 
soldiers  from  the  town.  In  the  list  of  merchants  who  preferred  private  emolument  to 
the  public  good,  as  entered  March  19,  1770,  upon  the  books  of  the  town,  the  name  of  a 
member  of  the  Artillery  Company  does  not  occur. 

Rev.   Phillips  Payson.       Authority:    MS.  Phillips   Payson   of  Chelsea,   from   Psalm  cxliv.  i, 

Genealogy  of  Payson  Family,  in  the  possession  of  '  Which  teaeheth  my  Hands  to  war  &  my  Fingers 

New  Eng.  Hist  and  Gen.  Society.  to  Fight,'  and  in  the  Afternoon  the  following  Offi- 

'"The  same  Day   [June  5,  1769]   being    the  cers  were  chosen,  viz  :  Capt.  Josiah  Waters  [1747]. 

Anniversary  of  the  Election  of  the  Officers  of  the  Captain     Mr.  Edward   Carnes   [1755]    Lieutenant, 

Antient  Artillery  Company,   an    excellent    Sermon  Mr.  Robert  Jenkins  3d  [1756],  Ensign." — Boston 

was  preached  on  the  Occasion  by  the  Rev'd  Mr.  Gazette. 


■ 


1770]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  163 

June,  1770,  at  a  meeting  of  the  selectmen,  it  was  voted  that  a  visitation  to  the 
public  schools  be  made  on  the  fourth  day  of  July  next  ensuing,  and  that  the  following- 
named  gentlemen  be  invited  to  accompany  the  selectmen.  Then  follows  a  list  of  twenty- 
four  names  of  guests,  besides  the  representatives  of  the  town  and  overseers  of  the  poor. 
In  this  are  included,  "Capt.  Heath  [1765],  Lieut.  Martin  Gay  [1761],  Ensign  Clark 
[1756],  Artillery  Co." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1770  were  :  William  Miller  and 
Daniel  Rea,  Jr. 

William  Miller  (1770).  At  a  meeting  of  the  selectmen,  held  Jan.  20,  1762,  "Mr. 
William  Miller  [1770]  from  Europe  attended  the  Selectmen  and  acquainted  them,  that 
with  their  consent  he  purposed  to  open  a  Book  Sellers  Shop  in  Kings  street,  having 
imported  a  large  Quantity  of  Books  for  that  purpose"  "Voted  that  he  be  permitted 
accordingly." 

Capt.  William  Miller  (1770)  was  present  at  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  Dec. 
27;  1776,  and  June  24,  1777.  He  lived  on  Milk  Street  in  1774,  when  he  petitioned  the 
selectmen  for  liberty  to  run  a  "Wharf  from  his  Land  across  the  Bottom  of  Milk  Street," 
etc.  Capt.  Miller  (1770)  was  drawn  as  a  juror,  Aug.  7,  1776,  and  Aug.  18,  1779.  He 
was  identified  with  the  militia,  and  held  the  position  of  captain. 

Daniel  Rea,  Jr.  (1770),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Daniel,  was  born  in  1743,  and 
died  Jan.  13,  1803,  aged  sixty  years.  Daniel  Rea,  Sr.,  died  Nov.  31,  1798,  at  his  resi- 
dence in  Quaker  Lane,  now  Congress  Street,  aged  eighty-seven  years. 

Daniel  Rea,  3d,  son  of  Daniel,  Jr.  (1770),  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  17S9. 
Daniel  Rea,  Jr.  (1770),  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1772,  and  in  the 
militia  became  a  lieutenant.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  Lodge  of  St. 
Andrew  in  1779. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1770  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  2d.  1770.  Monday  the  weather  being  unsuitable,  the  Company  did  not  turn 
out  till  the  Friday  following,  being  then  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Samuel  Stillman  of  Boston  be  desired  to  preach  on  the  Anniversary  Artillery  Election  of 
Officers  in  June  next,  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be 
a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  &  desire  the  same.  Voted,  That  each  Member  of  this 
Company  furnish  himself  with  a  black  Leather  Pouch  against  the  next  Artillery  Election 
Day,  and  that  the  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  enquire, 
who  will  make  the  whole  of  them  the  best  and  the  Cheapest ;  also  to  judge  what 
fashioned  ones  will  be  the  most  handy,  as  well  as  serviceable,  and  report  to  the  Company 
accordingly  at  their  next  meeting.  Voted,  That  every  member  of  this  Company  furnish 
himself  with  a  pair  of  white  Linnen  Spatterdashes  against  the  next  Artillery  Election 
day  :  and  as  to  buttons  &  straps  for  the  same,  it  be  referred  to  the  Committee  mentioned 
in  the  foregoing  Vote,  to  determine  of  what  kind  they  shall  be.  Voted,  That  Capt 
Thomas  Dawes  [1754]  be  joined  to  the  Committee  appointed  to  settle  the  affairs  of  the 
Monies  due  from  Col.  Blanchards  [1737]  heirs  to  this  Company. 

"  Attest :     Joseph  Pierce,   Clerk. 

William  Miller  (1770).     Authorities:  Bos-  Daniel  Rea,  Jr.  (1770).    Authorities:  Bos- 

ton Records;    Early  Masonic  Records.  ton  Records;    Records  of  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew. 


164  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1770 

"May  7th.  1770.  Monday  the  weather  being  unsuitable,  the  Company  did  not 
turn  out  till  the  Friday  following,  being  then  under  Arms,  the  Committee  appointed  to 
wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Stillman,  of  Boston,  to  invite  him  to  preach  on  the  anni- 
versary Artillery  Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the 
invitation.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  thirty  pounds  to  the  present  Commission 
Officers  towards  the  defreying  the  charges  of  the  Election  Dinner  in  June  next ;  and 
furthermore  that  the  Company  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That  Joseph  Pierce  [1769],  the 
present  Clerk  have  one  quarter  part  of  the  fines  he  shall  collect  the  present  year  from 
the  delinquent  members  of  the  Company.  Voted,  That  the  overplus  money  remaining 
in  the  Clerk's  hands  in  June  next  (if  any  there  be)  together  with  what  fines  may  be  due 
to  the  Company  after  all  Charges  of  the  Company  together  with  the  Clerk's  Commissions 
are  deducted,  be  paid  by  the  Clerk  to  the  present  Commission  Officers  towards  defrey- 
ing the  charges  of  the  Election  Dinner  in  June  next.  The  Committee  appointed  in 
April  last  to  enquire  who  would  makes  the  Pouches  the  cheapest,  &c,  this  day  reported, 
That  Mr.  William  Hawes  would  make  them  for  7/3*  lawful  money,  apiece.  The 
Company  accordingly  agreed  to  purchase  them  of  him.  The  foregoing  Committee  being 
appointed  in  April  last  to  determine  of  what  kind  the  buttons  &  straps  for  the  Spatter- 
dashes should  be,  reported,  that  white  buttons  and  black  Leather  Straps  were  by  them 
judged  to  be  the  most  proper ;  in  which  the  Company  did  concur.  The  Treasurer's 
account  being  read,  it  was  Voted   to  accept  the  same. 

"  Attest :     Joseph  Pierce,  Clerk. 
"June  4th.  1770.     The  Company  being  under  Arms  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Stillman  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  sermon 
preached  this  day.1  Attest :  Joseph  Pierce,  Clerk. 

"September  3'd  1770.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That 
the  Clerk  pay  to  Mr.  Lasinby  the  sum  of  six  shillings  for  a  form  which  was  broke  in  the 
Common  last  Election  Day.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  pay  to  Capt  Thomas  Dawes  [1754] 
-  nine  shillings  &  four  pence,  it  being  so  much  he  advanced  for  a  Military  Chest,  by  desire 
of  the  Company  some  time  since,  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  the  Company,  as  will  more 
fully  appear  in  a  report  made  by  a  committee  and  accepted  April  8th,  1768  and  at  the 
same  time  recorded  in  this  Book.  Attest :  Joseph  Pierce,  Clerk." 

"'Boston,  Thursday,  June   7,1770.     Monday  week,  was  made  for  drinking  his  Majesty's  health, 

last  was  the  Anniversary  of  his  Majesty's  birthday,  At  drinking  the  '  King'  and  other  loyal   toasts,  the 

when  he  entered  the  33d  year  of  his  age.    The  same  guns  at  Castle  William  and  at  the  batteries  in  this 

day,  being  also  the  anniversary  of  the  election  of  town  were  fired,  also  three  vollies  by  the  Artillery 

officers  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com-  Company,  which  then  paraded  in  King  Street.    The 

pany,  who  appeared  under  arms  in  the  morning.  Company  having  provided  a  dinner  at  Faneuil  Hall, 

At  Eleven  o'clock,  his  Honor,  the  Lieut.  Governor,  his  Honor,  the  Council,  &c,  preceded  by  the  Com- 

the  Honorable,  his  Majesty's  Council,  and  as  many  pany,  went  in  procession  to   the    Hall.     After  an 

of  the  Honorable  House  of  Representatives  as  were  elegant  entertainment,  and  drinking  a  number  of 

in   town,  with  a  great   number  of  the  Clergy  and  loyal  toasts,  the  Company  marched  to  the  Common, 

other  gentlemen,  attended  at  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  where  the  officers  for  the  last  year,  returned  their 

House,  where  a  sermon,  at  the  request  of  the  Artil-  badges  to  his  Honor,  the  Commander-in-chief,  who 

lery  Company,  was  preached  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  was  pleased  to  deliver  them  to  the  newly  elected 

Stillman  of  this  town,  from  2d  Tim  II.  3,   'Thou  officers  for  the  year  ensuing,  as  follows,  viz :  Capt 

therefore  endure  hardness,  as  a  good  soldier  of  Jesus  William  Heath  [1765]  Captain     Capt  Martin  Gay 

Christ,'  —  a  discourse  well  adapted  to  the  occasion.  ['761]   Lieutenant      Mr.  Jonas  Clark  [1756]   En- 

"  After  divine  service,  about  I  o'clock  the  Lieut.  sign.  This  being  finished,  the  Company  returned 
Governor,  the  Council,  the  Clergy,  and  a  number  of  to  the  Hall,  a  cold  repast  being  provided  by  the 
officers,  civil  and  military,  proceeded  to  the  Council  new  commissioned  officers,  where  a  number  of  toasts 
Chamber,  where  provision  by  direction  of  his  Honor,  were  again  drank.  The  Company  was  then  dis- 
agreeable to  a  unanimous  vote  of  the  Council  last  missed."  —  Boston  Gazette. 


Jcmt^^rr^^r 


i77i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  165 

Rev.  Samuel  Stillman,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1770. 
He  was  born  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia.  At  the  age  of  eleven  years  he  moved,  with  his 
parents,  to  Charleston,  S.  C,  where  he  received  the  rudiments  of  an  education  at  an 
academy.  After  completing  his  classic  studies  there,  he  studied  divinity  one  year  under 
the  instruction  of  Rev.  Mr.  Hart.  Mr.  Stillman  preached  his  first  sermon  Feb.  17,  1758, 
and  was  ordained,  Feb.  26,  1759,  in  the  city  of  Charleston,  S.  C,  to  the  work  of  an  evan- 
gelist. Soon  after  he  settled  with  a  church  at  James  Island,  opposite  the  city.  Visiting 
his  native  town  in  1759,  he  married,  on  the  23d  of  May,  Hannah,  daughter  of  Mr.  Evin 
Morgan,  by  whom  he  had  fourteen  children.  He  took  his  degree  at  the  university  in 
Philadelphia,  and  returned  to  his  society  on  James  Island.  A  pulmonary  attack  com- 
pelled him,  about  two  years  after,  to  seek  a  different  climate,  and  he  removed  to  Borden- 
town,  N.  J.,  where  he  remained  two  years. 

On  visiting  New  England,  for  his  health,  in  1763,  at  the  request  of  the  Second  Bap- 
tist Church,  he  moved  to  Boston,  and  after  preaching  one  year  as  an  assistant  to  Rev.  Mr. 
Bovvnd,  Mr.  Stillman  received  and  accepted  an  invitation  to  settle  with  the  First  Baptist 
Church  in  Boston,  and  was  installed  over  it,  Jan.  9,  1765.  He  continued  as  its  pastor 
until  his  decease,'  March  12,  1807.  The  University  of  Cambridge  conferred  upon  him 
the  honorary  degree  of  master  of  arts,  in  1 76 1,  and  Brown  University,  of  which  he  was  a 
trustee  and  fellow,  in  1788,  gave  him  a  diploma  of  doctor  of  divinity.  He  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Federal  Convention,  for  the  town  of  Boston,  the  same  year,  and  dis- 
tinguished himself  there  by  an  eloquent  speech  in  its  defence.  He  delivered  the  anni- 
versary oration  on  Independence  Day  in  1789;  was  one  of  the  first  members  of  the 
Humane  Society  of  Massachusetts ;  an  officer  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Fire 
Society ;  a  member  at  its  beginning,  and  president  at  his  death,  of  the  Boston  Dis- 
pensary. 

Rev.  Samuel  Stillman,  D.  D.,  was  one  of  the  strongest  and  most  popular  preachers 
of  the  revolutionary  period.  He  was  greatly  beloved  by  his  people,  and  was  universally 
respected.  At  his  funeral,  "all  the  members  of  the  society  appeared  with  badges  of 
mourning,  the  women  with  black  bonnets  and  handkerchiefs." 


The  officers  of   the  Artillery  Company   in  1771  were:  Samuel  Barrett 

[//]   ,  (1755);  captain;  William  Bell  (1756),  lieutenant;  John  Deming  (1756), 

'    '  ensign.     William   Homes,  Jr.   (1766),  was  first  sergeant;   Samuel    Condon 

(1768),  second  sergeant;  John  Newell   (1768),  third  sergeant;  Israel  Loring  (1768), 

fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Condon  (1768),  clerk. 

In  June,  1771,  the  following-named  were  officers  of  the  Boston  regiment :  Thomas  Mar- 
shall (1761),  lieutenant-colonel  (resigned)  ;  James  Cunningham  (1761),  (resigned) ;  John 
Leverett  (1750),  lieutenant-colonel;  Thomas  Dawes,  Jr.  (1754),  major;  Richard  Boyn- 
ton  (1759),  captain,  with  rank  of  major;  Jeremiah  Stimpson  (1761),  captain;  Joseph 
Webb  (1761),  lieutenant;  Jacob  Williams  (1768),  ensign,  in  May,  1773,  promoted  to 
be  lieutenant;  Josiah  Waters  (1747),  captain;  Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  (1769),  lieutenant; 
Levi  Jennings  (1764),  ensign;  Martin  Gay  (1761),  captain;  John  Osborn,  Jr.  (1764), 
ensign;  Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.  (1756),  captain  ;  Thomas  Russell  (1769),  ensign  ;  Samuel 
Barrett  (1755),  captain;  William  Bell  (1756),  lieutenant;  John  Haskins  (1768),  'cap- 


l66  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7-, 

tain;  William  Cunningham  (1765),  lieutenant;  William  Bordman  (1758),  captain 
(resigned);  Ephraim  May  (1765),  captain;  William  Miller  (1770),  lieutenant;  John 
Boyle  (1769),  ensign;  David  Spear  (1758),  captain;  Charles  Williams  (1768),  lieuten- 
ant; John  Stutson  (1765),  ensign;  Edward  Kneeland  (1772),  commissioned  ensign  in 
August,  1773  ;  Andrew  Symmes  (1734),  captain;  Thomas  Sherburne,  Jr.  (1769),  ensign; 
Edward  Proctor  (1756),  captain ;  Joseph  Bradford  (1740),  lieutenant  (resigned)  ;  Caleb 
Champney  (1762),  promoted  to  ensign  in  October,  1773,  and  was  promoted  to  lieuten- 
ant in  Capt.  Proctor's  (1756)  company;  Job  Wheelwright  (1759),  captain ;  Nathaniel 
Heath  (1765),  lieutenant;  Thomas  Dawes,  Jr.  (1754),  captain  of  the  company  of  grena- 
diers; Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  lieutenant  of  same,  and  in  June,  1773,  held  the  rank  of 
major;  Henry  Knox  was  ensign  of  the  grenadier  company,  and  John  Fisk  Osgood 
(1769)  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in  Capt.  Gay's  (1761)  company. 

Hon.  William  Brattle,  Esq.  (1729),  was  announced  in  the  Boston  Gazette,  July  29, 

1771,  as  having  been  commissioned  major-general  of  the  militia  throughout  this  province. 
In  June,  1771,  Ebenezer  Battelle  (1786)  was  ensign  in  the  fourth  company  in  Ded- 

ham.  In  the  Second  Suffolk  Regiment,  Benjamin  Lincoln  (1786)  was  commissioned 
colonel,  July  1,  17715  Ebenezer  Thayer,  Jr.  (1788),  major,  with  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel.  In  the  Third  Suffolk  Regiment,  Lemuel  Robinson  (1774)  was  captain  of  the 
train  of  artillery. 

In  November,  1771,  the  officers  of  the  train  of  artillery  in  Boston  were:  Adino 
Paddock  (1762),  captain,  with  rank  of  major;  Samuel  Sellon  (1765),  captain-lieutenant 
(resigned)  ;  Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.  (1765),  first  lieutenant ;  George  Trott  (1765),  second 
lieutenant;  Edward  Tuckerman  (1765),  lieutenant  and  fireworker  (resigned).     In  April, 

1772,  Jonathan  Stoddard  (1765)  was  commissioned  lieutenant  and  fireworker. 

Col.  John  Erving,  Jr.,  of  Boston,  a  merchant  of  high  standing,  and  colonel  of  the 
Boston  regiment,  was  son-in-law  of  Gov.  William  Shirley.  The  funeral  of  the  latter  took 
place  at  the  house  of  his  relative,  Col.  Erving,  April  1,1771.  A  long  procession  followed 
the  remains  to  King's  Chapel,  beneath  which  they  were  deposited.  The  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company,  commanded  by  Capt.  Heath  (1765),  the  officers  of  the 
Boston  regiment,  in  full  regimentals,  with  the  usual  mourning  of  black  crape,  attended. 
On  the  coffin  were  placed  the  two  swords  of  the  deceased,  crossed.  The  pall  was  sup- 
ported by  Gov.  Hutchinson,  Lieut.-Gov.  Oliver,  two  judges  of  the  Superior  Court,  and 
two  of  the  Honorable  Council.  A  funeral  discourse  was  delivered,  after  which  the 
remains  were  interred,  the  military  firing  three  volleys,  and  a  detachment  of  the  train  of 
artillery  as  many  rounds  as  the  deceased  had  lived  years,  namely,  sixty-five.  The 
governor  had  been  a  patron  of  King's  Chapel. 

The  reformation  of  military  tactics  in  England  was  undertaken  in  1757  in  the 
county  of  Norfolk,  and,  being  brought  into  a  system,  was  adopted  by  the  government ; 
hence  the  popular  military  treatise,  "The  Norfolk  Discipline,"  was  the  standard  work  of 
the  British  army  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution. 

An  "abstract  of  the  'Norfolk  Discipline '  "  was  published  in  1774,  an  octavo  of  over 
one  hundred  pages.  That  "abstract"  was  authorized  by  Gov.  Hutchinson,  in  177 1,  in 
these  words :  — 

"  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay  By  the  Captain  General. 

"  The  following  exercise,  originally  designed  for  the  Norfolk  militia,  having  been 
found  to  be  more  concise  and  easy,  and  thereby  better  adapted  to  militia  than  any  other, 
and  having  been  used  in  this  province   for  several  years  past,  I  do  hereby  direct  and 


i77i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  167 

order  that  it  be  continued  by  the  officers  of  all  the  regiments  of  foot,  in  training  the 
soldiers  under  their  several  commands.  T.  Hutchinson. 

"  Boston,  April  20,  1 77 1." 

This  occupied  one  page  in  the  printed  abstract,  at  the  top  of  which,  as  usual  with 
papers  of  authority  at  that  time,  were  placed  the  arms  of  England. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1771  were:  Martin  Bicker, 
Cuthbert  Inglesby. 

Martin  Bicker  ( 1 77 1 ),  merchant,  of  Boston.  In  July,  1773,  he  was  chosen  a 
"vendue  master"  for  Boston,  rechosen  in  1774,  clerk  of  the  market  in  1776,  and  Aug. 
29,  1781,  he  was  licensed  in  Boston  as  an  auctioneer. 

He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1772,  and  lived  on  Ann,  now 
North,  Street.  In  the  directory  of  1789,  he  is  called  "storekeeper,  on  Ann  Street," 
and  in  that  of  1796,  "  Martin  Bicker  &  Son,  shopkeepers,  No.  3,  Ann  Street." 

Cuthbert  Inglesby  (1771).  He  had  a  wife,  Abigail,  Jan.  24,  1769,  when  a  child 
was  born  to  them  in  Boston.  His  name  does  not  otherwise  appear  on  the  records  of 
Boston.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1774,  and  Mr.  Whitman 
(1810)  says  of  him,  "  Removed  to  Vermont." 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1771  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  1st  1 77 1.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Eli  Forbes  of  Brookfield  be  desired  to  preach  on  the  anniversary  Artillery 
Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  and  that  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the 
Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same.  Voted,  That  the  Com- 
pany meet  twice  a  week  of  evenings  at  Faneuil  Hall,  preceeding  the  training  in  May 
next,  and  that  the  Commission  Officers  appoint  the  evenings ;  &  furthermore,  every 
member  that  is  abseut  on  the  Evenings  so  appointed  shall  pay  a  fine  of  one  shilling, 
lawful  money,  for  each  evening  they  are  absent.  Attest :  Joseph  Pierce,  Clerk. 

"  May  6th.  177 1.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  The  Committee  appointed  to 
wait  on. the  Rev.  Mr.  Eli  Forbes  of  Brookfield,  to  invite  him  to  preach  on  the  Anniver- 
sary Election  of  Officers,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the  invitation. 

"May  6th,  1771.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  thirty  pounds  to  the  present 
Commission  Officers  towards  defreying  the  expenses  of  the  Election  Dinner  in  June 
next ;  and  furthermore  that  the  Company  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That  the  Company 
meet  at  Faneuil  Hall  every  Friday  &  Tuesday  Evening  precisely  at  eight  o'clock,  pre- 
ceeding the  training  in  June  next ;  and  any  member  absent  at  that  hour  shall  pay  a  fine 
of  eight  pence  for  the  use  of  the  Company.  Attest :     Joseph  Pierce,   Clerk. 

"June  3'd.  1 77 1.  The  Company  being  under  Arms  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Eli  Forbes,  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon 
preached  this  day.1  Attest :     Joseph  Pierce,  Clerk. 

Martin  Bicker  (1771)-     Authority:  Boston  waited  on  his  Excellency,  the  Governor,  his  Honour 

Records.  the  Lieut.  Governor,  the  Honourable  His  Majesty's 

1  "Boston,  June  3,  1 77 1.    This  being  the  Anni-  Council   and   those   of   the   Honourable  House  of 

versary  of  the  election  of  officers  of  the  Ancient  and  Representatives  that  were  in  town,  with  a  number 

Honorable  Artillery  Company;   in  the  morning  the  of  the  Clergy  and  other  gentlemen,  to  the  Old  Brick 

Company  appeared  underarms,  and  at  eleven  o'clock  Meeting  House,  where  a  sermon  on  this  occasion 


1 68  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1772 


"September  2'd,  177 1.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That 
the  thanks  of  the  Company  be  given  to  Capt  Samuel  Barrett  [1755]  for  his  Gift  of  a  new 
Stand  of  Colours  for  the  use  of  the  Company.  Voted,  That  the  Company  meet  to  exer- 
cise at  Faneuil  Hall  every  evening  in  the  week  preceeding  their  Training  in  October 
next,  precisely  at  seven  o'clock  ;  &  every  member  that  is  absent  the  whole  evening  shall 
pay  a  fine  of  two  shillings,  lawful  money,  and  if  absent  at  calling  the  roll  at  half-past 
seven  o'clock,  one  shilling.  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,   Clerk. 

"October  7th,  1771.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That 
the  Treasurer  be  desired  to  demand  payment  of  Nathaniel  Allen  for  his  bond,  and  if  said 
Allen  refuses  or  neglects  payment,  to  put  the  same  in  suit  at  next  January  Court. 

"Attest:     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk." 

Rev.  Eli  Forbes,  of  Brookfield,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  177 1.  He 
was  the  youngest  son  of  Jonathan  Forbes,  of  Westboro,  Mass.,  where  he  was  born 
in  October,  1726.  In  October,  1744,  he  began  his  studies,  preparatory  to  entering 
college,  but,  in  July,  1745,  in  obedience  to  an  injunction  that  was  made  upon  him,  he 
laid  aside  his  books,  shouldered  his  musket,  and  marched  more  than  one  hundred  miles 
for  the  defence  of  his  country  against  the  French  and  Indians. 

On  his  release,  he  pursued  his  studies,  entered  Harvard  College  in  1747,  and 
graduated  in  1751.  Immediately  he  began  the  study  of  theology  under  the  tuition  of 
Rev.  Ebenezer  Parkman,  the  minister  of  his  native  place,  and  June  3,  1752,  he  was 
ordained  the  first  minister  of  the  Second  Parish  in  Brookfield,  Mass.  In  1758  and 
1759  he  twice  accompanied  the  provincial  regiments,  under  Col.  Ruggles,  in  the  capacity 
of  chaplain.  June  1,  1762,  at  the  request  of  the  board  of  commissioners,  at  Boston,  he 
undertook  a  mission  to  the  Oneida  Indians,  and  returned  Sept.  1,  1762. 

In  the  winter  of  1775-6,  having  been  unjustly  charged  by  some  of  his  people  with 
being  a  Tory,  he  requested  and  obtained  a  dismission  in  March,  1776.  On  the  5th  of 
June  following,  he  was  installed  as  pastor  of  the  church  in  Gloucester.  Here  he  remained 
and  toiled  until  death  put  an  end  to  his  earthly  labors,  Dec.  15,  1804. 


The  officers  of    the  Artillery  Company  elected   in    1772  were:  Martin" 
[/  /  2 .  Gay  (1761),   captain;  Robert   Jenkins    (1756),    lieutenant;  John   Skinner 
(I7S9)>   ensign.     John  Fullerton  (1768)  was  first  sergeant;  John  Bartlett 
(1769),   second    sergeant;     Daniel   Rea,   Jr.   (1770),   third    sergeant;    Martin    Bicker 
(177  1),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Condon  (1768),  clerk. 

was  preached   by  the   Rev'd   Mr.  Eli   Forbes,  of  Samuel    Barrett  [1755J    Captain,    Lieut.   William 

Brookfield,  from  those  words  in  Exod.  XV.  3,  'The  Bell  [1756],  Lieutenant     Mr.  John  Deming  [1756] 

Lord  is  a  man  of  war  :   the  Lord  is  his  name.'  Ensign.     The  new-elected  Sergeants   having  their 

"After  divine  service,  his  Excellency  the  Gov-  halberds  delivered  to  them,  the  Company  returned 

ernor,  with  the  other  gentlemen  went  in  procession  to  the  Hall,  where  a  cold  repast  was  provided  by 

to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  an  elegant  dinner  was  pro-  the  new- commissioned  officers,  and  when  the  Com- 

vided  by  the  Company;   after  dinner  a  number  of  pany  was  dismissed,  went  into  the  Hall  and  partook 

loyal  toasts  were  drank  :    and  at  about  3  o'clock,  of  the  same.     The  evening   concluded  with   again 

the  Company  marched   into   the  Common,   where  drinking  a  number  of  loyal  toasts." — Boston  Gazette. 
they  performed  a  military  exercise  to  the  great  satis-  Rev.  Eli  Forbes.      Authorities:  Sprague's 

faction  of  a  vast  concourse  of  people.     The  officers  Annals  of  American  Pulpit,  Vol.  I.,  p.  493;   Whit- 

ol  the  last  year  then  returned  their  badges  to  the  ney's  Hist,  of  Worcester  County, 
new  elected  officers  for  the  year  ensuing,  viz  :  Capt 


i^£a?^-< 


1772]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  169 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1772  were:  John  Hinkley, 
Abraham  Hunt,  Edward  Kneeland,  Daniel  Neal,  John  Spear,  Stephen  Whiting,  Jr., 
Obadiah  Witherell. 

John  Hinkley  (1772),  auctioneer,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1746,  and  was  published, 
Aug.  27,  1779,  to  marry  Abigail  Kneeland.  Aug.  17,  1768,  he  became  a  member  of 
Engine  Company  No.  8.  He  held  the  office  of  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1774. 

Capt.  John  Hinkley  (1772)  represented  Ward  6,  Jan.  13,  1779,  on  a  committee 
"  to  make  thorough  inquiry  as  to  the  quantity  of  flour  and  other  necessaries  of  life  "  then 
in  Boston.  In  1 781,  "  Hinkley  [1772]  and  Parkman"  were  in  partnership  as  auctioneers. 
The  same  year  they  were  authorized  by,the  selectmen  to  sell  at  public  auction  the  men's 
shoes  and  stockings  remaining  on  hand,  which  were  procured  for  the  army.  Mr.  Hink- 
ley (1772)  continued  in  this  business  until  his  decease. 

He  was  an  officer  in  Col.  Thomas  Craft's  (1765)  train  of  artillery  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary War.  June  17,  1777,  Lieut.  John  Hinkley  (1772)  and  Capt.  Jonathan  Stoddard 
(1765),  of  the  same  train  of  artillery,  were  appointed  members  of  a  court  martial  by 
Col.  Crafts  (1765L  In  1778,  Capt.  Hinkley  (1772),  at  the  head  of  a  light  infantry 
company,  from  Boston,  marched  to  Newport  to  take  part  in  the  expedition  under  Major- 
Gen.  Sullivan.     He  attained  the  rank  of  major. 

He  died,  after  a  long  illness,  Feb.  16,  1787,  aged  forty-one  years. 

Abraham  Hunt  (1772),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin1  and  Sarah  (Arnold) 
Hunt,  was  born  in  Braintree,  Mass.,  June  2,  1748,  and  died  Dec.  5,  1793.  He  married, 
Oct.  15,  1771,  Mary  St.  Leger,  born  June  15,  175  r,  daughter  of  Garrick  St.  Leger,  of 
Halifax,  N.  S.  She  died  Aug.  29,  1824,  aged  seventy-three  years.  They  had  ten  chil- 
dren, all  born  in  Boston. 

In  1763  he  was  apprenticed  to  Edmund  Quincy,  who  kept  a  wine  store,  and  was 
afterward  connected  with  him  in  that  trade.  June  24,  1788,  the  firm  of  Hunt  (Abra- 
ham) &  Bradlee  (David),  wine  merchants,  was  dissolved.  1'hey  did  business  on  State 
Street.  Jan.  23,  1790,  the  advertisement  of  Abraham  Hunt  (1772),  in  the  Centinel, 
said  :  "He  makes  hats  for  Sale  at  his  house  in  Middle  Street,  the  corner  of  Center  Street, 
also  refines  wines  Cyder,  Porter  &c.  &  bottles  the  same."  The  directory  of  1789  calls 
him  "  wine  broker  &  cork  cutter,  Middle  Street." 

Mr.  Hunt  (1772)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  1777,  in  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew, 
and  was  proxy  in  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge  for  King  Hiram's  Lodge  in  1783. 

In  1789,  his  place  of  business  was  on  Middle,  now  Hanover,  Street,  and  his  residence 
on  Federal  Street.  He  served  as  second  lieutenant  and  adjutant  at  Prospect  Hill,  in 
1775  and  1776,  and  at  the  siege  of  Boston;  was  a  captain  in  Vose's  regiment  in  the 
Ticonderoga  campaign,  remaining  some  years  in  the  service,  which  he  quitted  with  the 
rank  of  captain.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Tea  Party,  and  was  second  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1774.  June  24,  1781,  he  was  agent  for  the  privateer  "  Buckaneer," 
Capt.  Hoysted  Hacker.  For  a  time,  he  was  inspector  at  the  custom  house  of  the  ports 
of  Boston  and  Charlestown. 

John  Hinkley  (1772).    Authorities:  BdSton  .  '  Benjamin  Hunt  was  a  son  of  John,  who  was 

Records;    Mass.  Archives.  a  brother  of  Capt.  Thomas  (1685). 

Abraham  Hunt  (17721.    Authorities:  Bos- 
ton Records;   Early  Masonic  Records. 


'70  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,-„ 

Edward  Kneeland  (1772),  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Abigail  Kneeland,  was  born 
Oct.  20,  1747,  and  was  published,  Feb.  14,  1775,  to  marry  Sarah  Baxter.  June  29,  1780, 
Mr.  Kneeland  (1772)  was  appointed  from  Ward  8  one  of  a  committee  to  collect  sub- 
scriptions made  for  the  army.  He  was  identified  with  the  Continental  Army,  and  in 
1780  is  called  "Captain"  in  the  records  of  Boston. 

Daniel  Neal  (1772).  He  does  not  appear  to  be  mentioned  in  the  records  of 
Boston. 

John  Spear  (1772),  blacksmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Susanna  (Blake) 
Spear,  was  born  May  13,  1749.  He  married,  June  22,  1777,  Abigail  Arnold.  He  did 
business  on  Purchase  Street,  and  Spear  Place  was  named  for  him  or  his  father.  He 
never  held  any  office  in  the  town  of  Boston.     He  was  a  Revolutionary  officer. 

He  died  April  14,  1824,  aged  seventy-five  years. 

Stephen  Whiting,  Jr.  (1772),  Boston,  son  of  Stephen  and  Mary  Whiting,  was  born 
May  23,  1747,  at  Barton's  Point,  where  his  father  died,  June  4,  1789.  He  does  not 
appear  as  otherwise  mentioned  in  the  records  of  Boston. 

Obadiah  Witherell  (1772),  miller,  of  Boston,  was  a  Revolutionary  soldier,  and 
attained  the  grade  of  major.     In  1825  he  was  living  in  Kennebec  County,  Me. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1772  is  as  follows  :  — 

"April  6th.  1772.  Monday,  the  weather  being  unsuitable,  the  Company  did  not 
turn  out  till  the  Friday  following,  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Robbins  of  Milton  be  desired  to  preach  on  the  Anniversary  Election  of 
Officers  in  June  next,  and  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a 
Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same.  Voted,  That  the  Company  meet  at 
Faneuil  Hall  every  Monday  Evening  in  the  weeks  preceeding  the  Training  in  May  next. 

"  Attest :  Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 
"  May  4th.  1772.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  the  Committee  appointed  to 
wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  of  Milton,  to  invite  him  to  preach  on  the 
anniversary  Artillery  Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  reported  that  he  had  accepted  the 
invitation.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  thirty  pounds  to  the  present  Commission 
Officers  towards  defraying  the  charges  of  the  Election  Dinner ;  and  furthermore  that  the 
Company  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That  Samuel  Condon,  the  present  Clerk,  have  one 
quarter  part  of  the  fines  he  shall  collect  from  yc  delinquent  members  of  ye  Company, 
Voted,  That  the  Company  meet 'at  Faneuil  Hall  every  Wednesday  Evening  in  the  weeks 
preceeding  the  Training  in  June  next,  precisely  at  eight  o'clock;  and  any  member 
absent  at  that  hour  shall  pay  a  fine  of  six  pence  :  &  if  absent  the  Evening,  one  shilling, 
for  the  use  of  the  Company.  The  Treasurer  reported,  he  had  demanded  payment  of 
Nathaniel  Allen's  bond,  agreeable  to  a  Vote  of  yc  Company ;  but  on  said  Allen's  paying 
the  interest  due  thereon,  he  deferred  putting  said  Bond  in  suit.  The  Treasurer's  account 
being  read,  it  was  Voted,  to  accept  the  same.  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

Edward  Kneeland  (1772).     Authority:  Boston  Records. 


i772]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  171 

"  June  1st.  1772. '  The  Company  being  under  Arms  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Nathaniel  Robbins  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  the 
Sermon  preached  this  day.  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

"  July  28th.  1772.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company  at 
the  Royall  Exchange  Tavern,  by  a  special  Notification  from  the  Commission  Officers  of 
said  Company  for  that  purpose,  Capt  Gay  [1761]  was  chosen  Moderator  for  the  Even- 
ing, &  opened  the  design  of  the  Company's  being  notified  as  aforesaid  ;  which  was  to 
consider  of  some  method  to  raise  the  Spirit  &  reputation  of  the  Company,  &  keep  up 
that  Honour  they  have  so  long  sustained.  Whereupon  it  was  unanimously  Voted,  That 
Capt  Martin  Gay  [1761],  Mr.  John  Deming  [1756],  Thomas  Dawes,  Esq.  [1754],  Mr. 
Robert  Jenkins  [1756]  and  Mr.  John  Skinner  [1759]  De  a  committee  to  draw  up  some 
proposals  &  report  for  the  Company  to  consider  of.  The  said  Committee  met  &  made 
the  following  proposals,  which  were  unanimously  accepted  : 

"  i"'.  That  the  Company  do  come  into  a  Uniform,  viz' :  Blue  Lapells  with  Yellow 
Buttons ;  the  Cock  of  the  Hat  to  be  the  uniform  of  the  present  Commission  Officers  of 
the  Militia;  Wiggs  or  Hair  to  be  Club'd.  2d.  That  every  member  have  Iron  Ramrods 
&  Leather  Slings  to  his  Firelock.  3d.  That  they  agree  to  meet  on  Wednesday  Evenings, 
at  seven  o'clock  in  every  week  to  the  first  Monday  in  October  next,  in  order  to  com- 
pleat  themselves  in  the  Manual  Exercise ;  &  upon  non-appearance  at  half  past  seven 
o'clock,  to  pay  a  fine  of  six  pence,  lawful  •  money ;  &  one  shilling  if  absent  the  whole 
Evening ;  &  upon  non-payment  when  demanded  by  the  Clerk,  (unless  they  make  an 
excuse  to  ye  Commission  Officers  in  a  seasonable  time,  to  their  satisfaction)  shall  no 
longer  be  considered  a  Member  of  said  Company.  4th.  That  such  Members,  who  do 
often  neglect  the  General  Musters  agreeable  to  Charter,  (although  they  pay  their  fines 
when  demanded  by  ye  Clerk)  shall  be  looked  upon  as  no  longer  Members  of  said  Com- 
pany. 5th.  That  there  be  a  Committee  now  chosen,  further  to  consider  of  some  other 
regulations  that  may  be  advantageous  to  the  Company  &  report  at  the  next  Muster  day. 
6th.     That  great  Attention  be  paid  to  the  admission  of  Members. 

1  "  [Monday,   June   I,  1772.]      Monday  being  Occasion  was  preached  by  the  Rev'd  Mr.  Nathaniel 

Artillery  Election  I  went  to  see  the  hall;  din'd  at  Robbins   of   Milton    from   those   Words   in    Psalm 

aunt  Storer's   [Capt.  Ebenezer    Storer  (1732)   was  cxxii.  6,  Pray  for  the  peace  of  Jerusalem,  etc. 

her  uncle],  took  a  walk   in  the  p.  M.     Unkle  [the  "After    Divine    Service,    his    Excellency    the 

uncle   who    laid   down    the    commission  was  John  Governor  with  the  other   Gentlemen  went  in  Pro- 

Deming  (1756),  ensign  in   1771-2]  laid  down  the  cession  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where   an  elegant  Dinner 

commission  he  took  up  last  year.     Mr  Handcock  was  provided   by  the  Company.  —  After  Dinner  a 

invited   the  whole  company  into   his  house  in  the  number  of  Loyal  Toasts,  were  drank ;   and  at  about 

afternoon  &  treated  them  very  genteelly  &  gener-  3  o'clock  the  Company  marched  into  the  Common 

ously,    with    cake,  wine,  &c.     There  were   10  corn  where  they  performed  the  Military  Exercises  to  the 

baskets  of  the  feast,  (at  the  Hall)  sent  to  the  prison  great  Satisfaction  of  a  vast  Concourse  of  People. 

&  alms-house.     [John  Winslow  (1786)  was  a  cousin  The  Officers  for  the  Last  Year  then  returned  their 

of  Anna  G.  Winslow.]" — Diary  of  Anna   Green  Badges  to   his   Excellency  the  Governor,  who  was 

Window  {aged  twelve  years),  p.  66.  pleased  to  deliver  them  to  the  new-elected  Officers 

"  Monday  last  [June  1,  1772]  being  the  Anni-  for  the  Year  ensuing,  viz.  Capt.  Martin  Gay  [1761], 
versary  of  the  Election  of  Officers  of  the  ancient  and  Captain.  Mr  Robert  Jenkins  [1756],  Lieutenant 
honourable  Artillery  Company;  In  the  morning  Mr.  John  Skinner  [1759],  Ensign, 
the  Company  appeared  under  Arms,  and  at  Eleven  "The  new-elected  Sergeants  having  their  Hal- 
o'Clock  waited  on  His  Excellency  the  Governor,  his  berds  delivered  to  them,  the  Company  returned  to 
Honor  the  Lieutenant-Governor,  the  Honorable  the  Hall,  where  a  Cold  Repast  was  provided  by  the 
his  Majesties  Council,  and  those  of  the  Honorable  new-commissioned  Officers,  and  when  the  Company 
House  of  Representatives  that  were  in  Town,  with  was  dismissed,  went  into  the  Hall,  and  partook  of 
a  number  of  the  Clergy  and  other  Gentlemen,  to  the  the  same :  The  Evening  concluded  with  again  drink- 
Old  Brick  Meeting-I louse  where  a  Sermon  on  this  ing  a  number  of  Loyal  Toasts."  —  Boston  Gazette. 


172 


HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1772 


"We  the  subscribers  do  agree  to  the  foregoing  Regulations,  &  will  punctually  attend 
our  duty  in  every  respect  as  Members  concerned  for  the  honor  and  reputation  of  the 
Company  :  — 


Martin  Gay  [1761]. 
Samuel  Barrett  [1755]. 
William  Homes,  Jr.  [1766]. 
John  Newell  [1 768]. 
John  Bartlett  [1769]. 
Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  [1769]. 
Stephen  Whiting,  Jr.  [1772]. 
Abraham  Hunt  [1772]. 
Josiah  Waters  [1747]. 
John  Deming  [1756]. 
Ebenezer  Torrey  [1765]. 


John  Boyle  [1769]. 
Thomas  Russell  [1769]. 
Joshua  Loring  [1769]. 
John  Fullerton  [1768]. 
Joseph  Croswell  [1769]. 
Robert  Jenkins  [1756]. 
Elisha  Eaton  [1768]. 
William  Dawes,  Jr.  [1768]. 
Daniel  Rea,  Jr.  [1770]. 
Levi  Jennings  [1764]. 
John  Hinkley  [1772]. 


Jacob  Williams  [1768]. 
William  Rogers  [1765]. 
John  Skinner  [1759]. 
Asa  Stoddard  [1765]. 
Cuthbert  Inglesby  [1771J. 
John  Haskins  [1768]. 
Israel  Loring  [1768]. 
Edward  Kneeland  [1772]. 
Joseph  Pierce  [1769]. 
John  Fisk  Osgood  [1769]. 


"Voted,  Unanimously,  that  Thomas  Dawes,  Esq.  [1754],  Capt  Martin  Gay  [1761] 
and  Mr.  John  Deming  [1756]  be  a  Committee  to  consider  what  other  Regulations  may 
be  advantageous  to  the  Company  and  report  at  the  next  muster  day. 

"  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

"October,  1772.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  Voted,  That  the  Com- 
pany meet  to  exercise  at  Faneuil  Hall,  -the  first  Wednesday  Evening  in  November, 
December,  January  &  February  next  at  six  o'clock  :  &,  any  Member  being  absent,  at  that 
hour,  shall  pay  a  fine  of  six  pence,  &  if  absent  the  evening,  one  shilling,  for  the  use  of 
the  Company." 

"Boston,  May  7.  1772  His  Excellency  the  Captain  General,  has  been  pleased  to 
commission,  John  Hancock,  Esq.,  to  be  Captain  of  the  company  of  Cadets,  with  the  rank 
of  Colonel. 

"William  Coffin  Jun.  Esq.,  to  be  Lieutenant  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant  Colonel. 

"  Daniel  Hubbard  Esq.  to  be  Ensign,  with  the  rank  of  Major. 

"  The  company  having  desired  that  the  arms  of  the  Governor's  family  might  be  the 
distinguishing  device  or  mark  of  their  colors,  his  Excellency  has  given  orders  to  prepare 
the  same  accordingly. 

"  Last  Monday  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  appeared  with  an 
addition  to  their  colors  of  the  King's  arms,  decorated  with  military  trophies,  &c. 

"Captain  Jabez  Hatch  is  commissioned  Captain  Lieutenant  in  Major  Paddocks 
[1762]  Boston  Artillery  Company  in  the  room  of  Captain  Lieutenant  Sellon  [1765]  who 
had  resigned."  ' 

"Boston,  Monday  Sept  21.  1772.  Monday  last  the  Boston  Regiment  of  militia, 
under  the  command  of  Col.  Erving,  had  their  third  training  for  the  present  year.  The 
Grenadier  with  the  other  companies,  after  going  through  the  Manual  exercise  respec- 
tively, formed  in  battalion,  and  performed  as  many  evolutions  and  platoon  firings  as  the 
time  would  allow,  to  great  acceptance.  The  Company  of  Artillery  under  Major  Paddock 
[1762],  having  first  been  exercised,  as  usual,  performed  another  mock  battle,  as  follows; 
—  a  detachment  of  the  Company  under  Capt  Hatch  and  Lieut.  Trott  [1765]  drew  off 


'  Boston  Newspaper. 


i772]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 73 

with  two  cannon  and  a  morter  and  marched  to  Fox-hill,  so-called,  at  the  bottom  of  the 
Common,  and  encamped  with  French  colours  flying;  upon  which  Major  Paddock  [1762] 
with  Lieuts.  Craft  [1765]  Tuckerman  [1765],  and  the  remainder  of  the  company 
marched  and  took  post  on  a  hill  opposite  ;  from  thence  began  to  cannonade  and  bom- 
bard with  artificial  bombs,  which  was  answered  from  those  in  the  encampment.  At  this 
station  it  was  supposed  no  advantage  could  be  had,  the  Major  therefore  marched  off  by 
the  right  between  the  powder  house  and  a  ridge  of  hills  and  formed  on  the  right  of  the 
ridge,  which  brought  him  on  the  left  of  Fox-hill,  where  he  again  began  the  engagement. 
After  firing  a  few  shot,  he  ordered  Lieut  Craft  [1765]  with  one  cannon  and  a  party  with 
firelocks  to  pass  a  defile  in  front,  at  the  same  time  Capt  Hatch  and  Lieut.  Trott  [1765] 
[advanced]  to  a  redoubt  below  his  post  to  oppose  him,  which  Lieut  Craft  [1765]  forced 
and  obliged  Lieut  Trott  [1765]  to  give  way  and  run  up  to  the  encampment.  As  soon  as 
the  assailants  mounted  the  breastworks,  a  parley  was  beat  by  Capt  Hatch  and  a  flag  sent 
out  offering  to  surrender  on  condition  of  being  allowed  the  honors  of  war,  which  being 
refused,  a  brisk  firing  began  again  from  the  encampment.  Whereupon  the  remainder 
of  the  company  were  ordered  to  join  Lieut.  Craft  [1765],  who  ascended  the  hill  briskly 
and  forced  the  encampment,  with  charged  bayonets  ;  flaming  hand-granadoes  flying  all 
the  time  amidst  the  contending  parties  :  on  which  Capt  Hatch  with  his  party  retired 
precipitantly  down  the  opposite  side  of  the  hill.  The  French  colours  were  struck  and 
the  encampment  represented  to  be  on  fire.  Both  parties  joined  and  marched  with  their 
cannon  in  regular  order  to  their  parade  and  after  going  through  several  firings,  retired. 
The  whole  was  executed  in  a  manner  that  did  honour  to  the  officers  and  privates."  ' 

Artillery  soldiers  under  the  fine  of  one  shilling  per  diem  for  non-appearance  :  — 
Seth  Adams  (1768),  Thomas  Adams  (1765),  John  Arnold  (1769),  John  Bartlett 
(1769),  Sarson  Belcher  (1765),  William  Bordman  (1758),  John  Boyle  (1769),  Richard 
Boynton  (1759),  Samuel  Bradlee  (1765),  John  Brocas  (1764),  Hopestill  Capen  (1763), 
Caleb  Champney  (1762),  CLement  Collins,  Jr.  (1765),  Thomas  Crafts,  Jr.  (1765),  James 
Cunningham  (1761),  William  Cunningham  (1765),  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768),  Elisha 
Eaton  (1768),  Benjamin  Edes  (1760),  Benjamin  Eustis  (1763),  Jonathan  Farnum,  Jr. 
(1766),  John  Fullerton  (1768),  Martin  Gay  (1761),  John  Greenleaf  (1768),  Samuel 
Gridley  (1765),  Zephaniah  Hartt  (1765),  John  Haskins  (1768),  Nathanial  Heath  (1765), 
Jacob  Holland  (1760),  Benjamin  Homans  (1766),  William  Hoogs  (1768),  Cuthbert 
Inglesby  (1771),  David  Jenkins  (1758),  John  Laughton  (1765),  Christopher  Marshall 
(1765),  Thomas  Marshall  (1761),  Manasseh  Marston  (1769),  Ephraim  May  (1765), 
William  Miller  (1770),  Dimond  Morton  (1765),  John  F.Osgood  (1769),  Adino  Pad- 
dock (1762),  William  Perkins  (1765),  William  Phillips  (1762),  Moses  Pitcher  (1760), 
John  Popkin,  Jr.  (1766),  William  Rogers  (1765),  Thomas  Russell  (1769),  Samuel 
Searle  (1765),  Samuel  Sellon  (1765),  Thomas  Sherburne,  Jr.  (1769),  John  Skillin,  Jr. 
(1768),  John  Skinner  (1759),  David  Spear  (1758),  Jeremiah  Stimpson  (1761),  Jonathan 
Stoddard  (1765),  John  Stutson  (1765),  Andrew  Symmes,  Jr.  (1760),  Timothy  Thornton 
(1765),  George  Trott  (1765),  Edward  Tuckerman  (1765),  Nathaniel  Waterman  (1768), 
Joseph  Webb,  Jr.  (1761),  John  Wells  (1765),  Sanderson  West  (1761),  David  Wheeler, 
Jr.  (1765),  Job  Wheelwright  (1759),  Charles  Williams  (1768),  Jacob  Williams  (1768), 
John  Winslow  (1764). 

The  above  list  was  probably  prepared  in  1772. 

'  Boston  Newspaper. 


174  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,773 

Rev.  Nathaniel  Robbins,  of  Milton,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1772.  He  was  a  son  of  Thomas  and  Ruth  Robbins,  of  West  Cambridge,  and  was  born 
there  April  17,  1726.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1747,  completed  his  theo- 
logical studies  at  Cambridge,  and  was  ordained  Feb.  13,  175  1,  as  pastor  of  the  church  in 
Milton.  He  died  among  the  people  of  his  first  and  only  charge,  May  19,  1795,  after  a 
pastorate  of  forty-five  years. 

In  1775,  he  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Edward  Hutchinson  (1702).  They  had 
two  sons  and  one  daughter,  the  eldest  of  whom  was  Lieut. -Gov.  Edward  H.  Robbins.  In 
1752,  he  purchased  an  estate  on  Canton  Avenue,  which,  in  1884,  was  owned  by  Col. 
H.  S.  Russell.  Rev.  Mr.  Robbins  was  a  member  of  the  State  convention  which 
adopted  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1788.  He  was  an  ardent  patriot.  Two  of  his 
brothers  were  in  Capt.  Parker's  company,  at  Lexington,  April  19,  1775.  At  his  funeral, 
Rev.  Mr.  Haven,  of  Dedham,  delivered  a  funeral  sermon.  Rev.  Thomas  Thacher 
preached  a  memorial  discourse,  in  Milton,  on  the  Sabbath  following  the  burial.  This 
sermon  was  printed. 


The  officers  of  the   Artillery  Company  elected  in  1773  were:  Thomas 

[  /  /  2  .  Dawes  (1754),  captain;  Ephraim  May  (1765),  lieutenant ;  Joseph  Webb,  Jr. 

'    '    *-*     (1761),  ensign.     Joseph  Pierce   (1769)   was  first  sergeant;  Josiah  Waters, 

Jr.  (1769),  second  sergeant;  Thomas  Russell  (1769),  third  sergeant ;  John  Boyle  (1769), 

fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Condon  (1768),  clerk. 

Members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  were  prominent  in  the 
"Tea"  transaction  of  1773. 

The  tea  ships  having  arrived,  a  public  meeting  was  called  by  a  hand-bill,  distributed 
throughout  the  town,  dated  Nov.  29,  1773.  Five  thousand  people  gathered  in  and 
around  Faneuil  Hall  at  9  a.  m.  of  that  day,  and  Jonathan  Williams  (1729),  "a  citizen 
of  wealth  and  character,"  was  chosen  moderator.  A  guard  was  placed  over  the  ships 
from  Nov.  29  to  Dec.  t6.  The  names  of  the  guard  for  Nov.  29  and  30  have  been 
preserved.  That  of  the  29th  was  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Edward  Proctor  (1756). 
There  were  twenty-four  men  in  the  guard,  of  whom  John  Greenleaf  (1768),  Joseph 
Edwards  (1738),  Jonathan  Stoddard  (1765),  Benjamin  Edes  (1760),  Joseph  Pierce 
(1769),  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company.  The  commander  of  the  guard,  Nov. 
30,  was  Ezekiel  Cheever,  son  of  Ezekiel  (1733).  Joseph  Lovering,  Jr.  (1788),  "held 
the  light  by  which  his  father,  Mr.  Joseph  Lovering,  Sr.,  Lieut.  John  Crane  and  others 
disguised  themselves  in  Crane's  carpenter's  shop,  on  the  evening  of  Dec.  16."  ' 
The  Committee  of  Correspondence,  which  consisted  of  twenty-one  members,  and  held  a 
very  prominent  place  in  the  tea  affair,  had  upon  it  the  following  members  of  the  Artillery 
Company:  Richard  Boynton  (1759),  Nathaniel  Barber,  Jr.  (1758),  Caleb  Davis  (1786), 
and  Alexander  Hill  (1746).  In  the  "  Long  Room  Club,"  the  North  End  Caucus, 
among  the  Sons  of  Liberty,  and  in  the  society  which  met  at  Mason's  Arms,  the  Artillery 
Company  was  permanently  represented. 

In  the  lists  of  the  Tea  Party,  as  given  in  the  "Tea  Leaves  of  1773,"  the  following 
members  of  the  Artillery  Company  are  included:  Edward   Proctor   (1756),  Nathaniel 

Rev.  Nathaniel  Robbing     Authority:  Teele's  Hist,  of  Milton. 
1  Crane's  Tea  Leaves  of  1773. 


i773]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  75 

Barber,  Jr.  (1758),  Samuel  Gore  (1786),  Joseph  Eaton  (1773),  Robert  Davis  (1786), 
Abraham  Hunt  (1772),  John  May  (1786),  Henry  Prentiss  (1787),  and  Jeremiah 
Williams  (1787). 

Others,  too  young  to  participate  in  the  historic  event,  not  then  members  of  the 
Artillery  Company  but  who  joined  later,  were  knowing  to  the  transaction  before  it  tran- 
spired, as  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  who,  "  though  only  a  school-boy  at  the  time, 
remembered  seeing  through  the  window  of  the  wood-house,  his  father  and  Mr.  Thomas 
Moore,  his  neighbor,  besmearing  each  other's  faces  with  lampblack  and  red  ochre."  ' 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1773  were:  Samuel  Belknap, 
Jeremiah  Bumstead,  Joseph  Eaton,  Stephen  Gore,  John  Howe,  Ephraim  May,  Samuel 
Ridgeway,  Jr.,  William  Todd,  Jr.,  William  Walker,  and  Samuel  Wild. 

Samuel  Belknap  (1773),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jeremiah,  Jr.  (1745),  and 
Mary  Belknap,  and  nephew  of  Joseph  (1742),  was  born  in  Boston,  May  28,  1751.  He 
was  interested  in  the  militia,  and  held  office  therein. 

He  died  June  30,   1821,  aged  seventy  years. 

Jeremiah  Bumstead  [Jr.]  (1773),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Jeremiah  and 
Phebe  (Heath)   Bumstead. 

Mr.  Ezekiel  Price,  in  his  diary,  says,  Aug.  3,  1777:  "Capt.  Bumstead's  [1773] 
Company  marched  yesterday  "  against  the  British,  at  Newport,  R.  I. 

In  1789  his  store  was  No.  8  Long  Wharf;  in  1796  it  was  No.  48  State  Street,  and 
his  residence  was  on  Cambridge  Street.  He  united  with  the  Old  South  Church,  Sept. 
12,  1784. 

Joseph  Eaton  (1773)  was  a  hatter,  of  Boston.  "He  claimed  the  honor  of  hauling 
down  the  first  British  colors,  at  the  commencement  of  the  Revolution.  He  was  a  Repub- 
lican, his  annual  toast  on  election  day  being,  '  May  the  Medford  Brooks  be  swelled 
higher  by  fifty  per  cent.'  He  expressed  the  wish  to  never  live  beyond  the  age  of  seventy- 
five  years,  and  his  desire  was  granted."  - 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Tea  Party,  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1791, 
and  lieutenant  in  1795.  He  died  Feb.  1,  1825,  and  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery Company,  in  citizens'  dress,  attended  the  funeral. 

The  Boston  News-Letter  of  April  1,  1826,  says  of  him  :  "  All  recollect  an  old 
gentleman  who  died  last  year,  an  honorary  member  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery, whose  arm,  on  parade  days,  was  completely  covered  with  strips  of  lace.  This  same 
man  once  loaded  a  cannon  in  State  Street  to  keep  the  regulars  from  landing ;  was  one 
of  the  '  unknown  Indians '  who  threw  the  Tea  overboard ;  took  an  oath,  forty  years 
before  his  death,  never  to  taste  a  drop  of  ardent  spirits,  which,  it  is  said,  he  never 
violated  ;  wore  a  cocked  hat,  and  was  a  hatter  by  trade.    He  styled  himself  '  General.'  " 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  adds,  concerning  Capt.  Eaton  (1773)  :  — 

"  Some  further  anecdotes  of  this  eccentric  man  may  be  amusing.  He  was  small  in 
stature  and  lean  in  flesh  as  well  as  in  purse.     In  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  he  would  buy 

Joseph  Eaton  (1773I.   Authorities:  Boston  2"Died  Capt  Joseph  Eaton  [1773]  aged  75. 

Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Funeral  on  Friday  at  3  o'clock  P.  M.  from  the  Meth- 

2d  Ed.,  p.  321.  odist  Chapel,  Bromfield  Lane." — Columbian  Cenli- 

1  Crane's  Tea  Leaves  of  1773.  net,  Feb.  2,  1825. 


176  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i773 

his  fore  quarter  of  poor  lamb  out  of  a  butcher's  cart,  and  start  from  his  shop.  The 
police  court  lay  in  his  way  home.  He  would  hitch  it  on  to  some  nail  on  the  brick  wall 
of  the  old  Court  House,  if  he  saw  the  constables  bringing  up  a  lot  of  vagabonds  for 
trial,  walk  in,  and  sit  till  the  boys  would  tell  him  his  lamb  was  roasted  by  the  sun  and 
basted  by  the  flies,  when  he  would  start  in  a  jerk,  as  if  from  a  dream,  and  travel  home- 
ward. 

"  In  his  early  days,  he  was  a  rogue.  To  repeat  his  own  story,  he  once  set  his  little 
furnace  with  coal  in  the  street,  to  heat  his  hat  iron,  on  April  fool  day;  a  coal-cart 
passed  by,  a  sturdy  yeoman  crying,  '  Charcoal,'  whose  face  was  equally  as  black.  Mr. 
Eaton  [1773]  caught  a  live  coal  from  his  furnace  and  threw  it  into  the  coal-cart.  The 
man  drove  on,  crying  loudly.  The  boys  soon  began  to  gather,  and  bawl  out,  'Mister, 
your  coal-cart  is  on  fire  ! '  '  Darn  it,'  said  he  ;  '  you  ain't  going  to  make  an  April  fool  of 
me.  Gee  up,  Elder  —  who  —  haw — Deacon  —  Charcoal!'  Thus  he  went  on  through 
the  principal  streets,  and  would  not  look  behind,  amidst  the  shouts  of  laughter  of  Eaton 
[:773]  ar)d  the  rest  of  the  urchins;  his  cart,  in  full  blaze,  at  last  was  arrested  by  the 
police  officers  and  firewards." 

Stephen  Gore  (1773),  leather-dresser,  of  Boston,  married  (published  April  21, 
1774)  Zebiah  May,  daughter  of  Ephraim  May  (1765).  She  died  Feb.  12,  1803,  aged 
forty-seven  years,  and  was  buried  from  their  dwelling-house,  No.  28  Orange,  now  Wash- 
ington, Street.  The  ancestors  of  Stephen  Gore  (1773)  were  among  the  early  settlers 
of  Roxbury.  It  is  presumed  that  he  learned  his  trade  in  that  town,  but  he  followed  it 
in  Boston,  at  the  South  End,  near  the  entrance  to  Pleasant  Street.1  He  was  one  of  the 
early  members  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association.  He  died 
in   1 8 1 1 . 

John  Howe  (1773),  turner,  of  Boston,  lived  on  Back  Street.  He  was  an  officer  in 
the  Revolution,  belonging  to  the  corps  of  artificers.     He  died  Oct.  31,  1823. 

Ephraim  May  (1773)  rejoined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1773.  He  first  joined  it  in 
1765.     See  page  132. 

Samuel  Ridgeway,  Jr.  (1773),  rejoined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1773.  He  first 
joined  it  in  1756.     See  page  85. 

William  Todd,  Jr.  (1773),  housewright,  of  Boston,  was  an  officer  in  Col.  Craft's 
(1765)  train  of  artillery,  and  was  president  of  a  regimental  court  martial,  Sept.  28, 
1778.  He  held  the  office  of  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1787,  and  was  a 
constable  of  Boston  in  1774.  He  died  Aug.  18,  1822,  aged  seventy-five  years,  and  his 
remains  were  placed  in  tomb  No.  101,  on  the  Common. 

William  Walker  (1773),  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  Walker,  is  recorded  on  the 
Boston  Records  as  born  May  23,  1741.  He  is  recorded  as  living  in  Milton,  whither  he 
probably  moved  his  family  prior  to  the  Revolution.     He  began  his  military  service  as  a 

William  Todd,   Jr.    (1773).      Authority:       ton  Records;   Teele's  Hist,  of  Milton;   New  Eng. 
Orderly  Book  of  Craft's  Regiment  of  Artillery.  Magazine,  1831. 

William  Walker  (1773).    Authorities:  Bos-  '  Annals  of  the  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association, 

p.  25. 


1773]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  177 

private,  being  in  Capt.  Josiah  Vose's  company  of  the  militia,  of  Milton,  guarding  the 
stores  and  fortifying  the  harbor  of  Boston  in  April,  1776.  Mr.  Walker  (1773)  does  not 
again  appear  on  the  books  of  Boston  or  Milton.  He  probably  removed  to  Lenox, 
where  for  nearly  a  half  century  he  was  the  principal  inhabitant.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  convention  that  framed  the  constitution,  and  of  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts. 
He  was  extensively  known  throughout  the  commonwealth,  and  as  universally  respected. 
He  died  in  1831. 

Samuel  Wild  (1773),  innholder,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Susannah  Wild,  of 
Braintree,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1741.  He  married  Betsey  Cox,  March  26,  1783.  In  1796, 
Samuel  Wild  (1773)  is  called  "Innholder,  sign  of  the  Green  Dragon,  Union  Street." 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1773  is  as  follows  :  — 
"January  6th.  1773.     At  a  meeting  of  the  Company  at  Faneuil  Hall,  it  was  then 
Voted,  That  the  Company  meet  to  exercise  in  this  place  every  Friday  evening  in  the 
weeks  preceeding  their  training  in  April  next,  at  seven  o'clock  :  and  every  Member,  being 
absent,  shall  pay  fines  as  above  for  the  use  as  above. 

"April  5th.  1773.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  the  Rev.  Simeon  Howard,  of  Boston,  be  desired  to  preach  on  the  anniversary  Artil- 
lery Election  of  Officers  in  June  next ;  and  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the 
Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same.  Voted,  To  meet  as 
usual  to  exercise.  Voted,  That  if  any  member  is  absent  at  half  past  seven  o'clock  or 
the  whole  evening,  to  pay  a  fine  as  usual.  Voted,  The  present  Commission  Officers, 
with  Mr.  Joseph  Pierce  [1769]  &  Mr.  Josiah  Waters  Jun.  [1769]  be  a  Committee  to 
consider  what  uniform  may  be  most  proper  for  the  drummers  &  Fifers  :  also  the  cost  of 
the  materials  and  report  next  Friday  evening. 

"  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

"April  9th.  1773.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Company  at  Faneuil  Hall,  the  Committee 
appointed  to  consider  what  uniform  might  be  most  proper  for  the  drummers  &  Fifers, 
report,  a  white  cloth  coat,  with  blue  lappels,  trimmed  with  blue  &  white  cloth  trimmed 
with  gold  binding.  Also  propose  an  assessment  of  five  shillings  on  each  member  for  the 
expense  of  the  same  ;  which  was  unanimously  agreed  to  by  the  Company,  And  Voted, 
That  the  aforesaid  Committee  be  desired  to  procure  the  materials  and  get  the  above  uni- 
form completely  by  next  muster  day.  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

"  May,  1773.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  the  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Simeon  Howard,  to  invite  him  to  preach  on  the  anniversary  Artillery  Elec- 
tion of  Officers  in  June  next,  reported  he  had  accepted  the  invitation.  Voted,  The 
Treasurer  pay  thirty  pounds  to  the  present  Commission  Officers  towards  defreying  the 
expenses  of  Election  Dinner  in  June  next,  and  that  the  Company  dine  with  them.  The 
Treasurers  accounts  being  read,  it  was  Voted,  To  accept  the  same.  Voted  That  Samuel 
Condon  [1768],  the  present  Clerk  have  one  quarter  part  of  the  fines  he  shall  collect  the 
present  year  from  the  delinquent  members  of  the  Company.  Voted,  To  meet  as  usual, 
fines  as  usual.  Voted,  The  thanks  of  the  Company  be  given  to  Messrs  Bartlett  [1769], 
Fullerton  [1768],  Russell  [1769]  &  Inglesby  [1771],  for  their  gift  to  the  Company  of 
making  Drummers  &  Fifers  clothes  :  also  to  the  Committee  for  their  care  &  trouble  pro- 
curing &  ordering  the  same.  Voted,  The  present  Commission  Officers  be  a  Committee 
to  examine  the  Clerks  Accounts  for  the  two  last  years  past.     Voted,  The  present  Com- 


178  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,773 

mission  Officers,  Col.  Joseph  Jackson  [1738],  Capt  Samuel  Barrett  [1755],  and  Capt 
Josiah  Waters  [1747],  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Field  Officers,  to  know  if  either  of 
them  will  take  the  command  of  the  Company  the  ensuing  year. 

"  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

"June  7th.  1773.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Simeon  Howard  and  return  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon 
preached  this  day.  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

"October,  1773.  The  Company  being  under  Arms  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  Mr.  Joseph  Pierce  [1769]  and  Mr.  Josiah  Waters,  Jun.  [1769],  be  a  Committee, 
with  the  Clerk,  to  wait  on  the  delinquent  members  of  this  Company  &  demand  payment 
of  their  arrearages.  ,       Attest :    Samuel  Condon,  Clerk." 

"Boston,  Monday,  June  7,  1773.  Friday  last  being  the  Anniversary  of  his  Majesty's 
birth-day,  when  he  entered  the  36th  year  of  his  age,  the  same  was  observed  here  in  the 
following  order.  In  the  forenoon,  the  troop  commanded  by  Colonel  Phipps ;  the  com- 
pany of  Cadets,  commanded  by  Colonel  Hancock,  with  their  band  of  music ;  the  militia 
of  the  town,  commanded  by  Col.  Erving,  with  the  Train  of  Artillery,  commanded  by 
Major  Paddock  [1762],  and  the  company  of  Grenadiers  commanded  by  Major  Dawes 
[1754],  belonging  to  the  Regiment,  with  their  band  of  music,  mustered  and  formed  into 
a  regiment  in  the  Common,  when  the  militia  went  through  their  exercise  to  admiration  ! 
From  thence,  at  one  o'clock,  the  regiment  marched  into  King  [now  State]  Street,  when 
they  again  went  through  the  exercise  and  firings  to  the  approbation  of  many  thousand 
spectators ;  and  about  three  o'clock  were  dismissed.  The  officers  of  the  regiment,  with 
the  non-commissioned  officers,  dined  at  the  Royal  Exchange  Tavern ;  the  company 
of  cadets  at  the  Bunch  of  Grapes ;  the  Artillery  Company  at  the  British  Coffee  House 
and  the  Grenadier  Company  at  Major  Dawes's  [1754],  at  which  several  places  many 
loyal  toasts  were  drank.  The  band  of  music  belonging  to  the  regiment  of  Cadets  and 
Major  Paddocks  [1762]  fifes  and  drums,  after  dinner  were  in  the  balconies  in  King- 
Street,  and  alternately  played  a  great  variety  of  tunes  before  a  vast  number  of  spectators. 
After  which  the  Train  of  Artillery  went  with  their  canon  into  the  Common  to  fire  at  a 
target  and  made  many  excellent  shots.  The  regiment  was  reviewed  in  the  Common, 
before  thousands  of  spectators."  ' 

"  Boston,  September  23,  1773.  Yesterday  being  the  anniversary  of  his  Majesty's 
coronation,  the  guns  at  Castle  William  and  at  the  batteries  in  this  town  as  also  on  board 
his  Majesty's  ships  of  war  in  this  harbor,  were  fired  at  one  o'clock  on  the  occasion.  The 
same  day  being  designed  as  the  fourth  training  for  the  Boston  militia  for  this  year ;  in 
the  morning  his  Excellency's  company  of  Cadets,  commanded  by  the  Hon.  Col.  Hancock, 
appeared  under  arms,  in  the  training  fields,  and  marched  into  King  street,  with  a  band 
of  music,  where,  after  going  through  their  exercises  and  manceuvers,  fired  their  volleys. 
In  the  forenoon  the  troop  of  guards  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Snelling,  in  the  absence 
of  Colonel  Phips,  were  mustered,  as  also  the  several  companies  of  the  Boston  militia 
under  the  command  of  Colonel  Erving  and  marched  to  the  training  field  under  their 
respective  captains,  viz :  The  Artillery  under  Major  Paddock  [1762];  the  company  of 
Grenadiers  under  Lieutenant  Pierce   [1769],  with  a  band  of  music;   1st  [company], 

1  Boston  Newspaper. 


i774]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 79 

Major  Boynton  [1759]  ;  2d,  Captain  Stimpson  [1761]  ;  3d,  Captain  Waters  [1747]  ;  4th, 
Captain  Gay  [1761];  5th,  Captain  Ridgevvay  [1756];  6th,  Lieutenant  Bell  [1756], 
(Captain  Barrett  [1755],  being  absent);  7  th,  Captain  Haskins  [1768]  ;  8th,  Captain 
May  [1765]  ;  9th,  Captain  Spear  [1774]  ;  10th,  Captain  Symmes  [1760]  ;  nth,  Captain 
Proctor  [1756]  ;  12th,  Captain  Wheelwright  [1759].  After  forming  into  battalion  and 
performing  military  exercises,  they  marched  into  King  [now  State]  Street,  preceeded  by 
the  troop  of  guards,  where  three  volleys  were  fired  by  the  troop  and  battalion,  and  a 
discharge  of  the  Artillery.  After  which  the  officers  and  company  of  the  troop  dined  at 
Mr.  Brackets,  on  Boston  Neck.  The  field  officers  and  the  officers  of  the  militia  com- 
panies dined  at  Capt  Jones's  [1754],  the  Exchange  tavern.  The  officers  and  company 
of  Cadets  at  Col.  Ingersols,  the  Bunch  of  Grapes. 

".The  military  exercises  and  manoeuvres  of  each  corps  respectively  were  performed 
to  the  universal  satisfaction  of  a  numerous  company  of  spectators  both  of  town  and 
country.  In  the  evening  was  a  grand  concert  of  music  at  Concert  Hall,  and  a  number 
of  fireworks  were  played  off  in  King  street."  ' 

"  Artillery  Soldiers  under  the  fine  of  6/  per  diem  for  non-appearance  "  :  — 
Martin  Ricker  ( 1 77 1 ),  Thomas  Bumstead  (1764),  Samuel  Condon  (1768),  William 
Dawes  (1760),  Elias  Dupee  (1763),  John  Grant,  Jr.  (1769),  William  Heath  (1765), 
William  Hickling,  Jr.  (1764),  John  Hinkley  (1772),  William  Homes,  Jr.  (1766),  Michael 
Homer  (1768),  Abraham  Hunt  (1772),  Levi  Jennings  (1764),  Edward  Kneeland 
(1772),  Israel  Loring  (1768),  Joshua  Loring  (1769),  John  Newell  (1768),  John  Osborn, 
Jr.  (1764),  John  Popkin,  Jr.  (1766),  Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  Daniel  Rea,  Jr.  (1770),  Josiah 
Salisbury  (1759),  John  Simpkins  (1769),  Thomas  Stevenson  (1762),  Asa  Stoddard  (1765), 
Nathaniel  Thwing  (1761),  Ebenezer  Torrey  (1765),  Josiah  Waters,  Jr.  (1769). 
The  above  list  was  probably  prepared  in  1773. 

Rev.  Simeon  Howard,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1773. 
He  was  born  in  Bridgewater,  May  10,  1733.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1753, 
after  which  he  remained  at  the  university  as  a  tutor  until  he  was  invited,  on  the  death 
of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Mayhew,  to  take  charge  of  the  West  Church,  Boston.  He  accepted  the 
invitation,  and  was  ordained  May  6,  1767.  By  his  faithful  ministry  he  won  the  esteem 
of  all.  He  was  a  member  of  many  societies  organized  for  the  promotion  of  humane 
interests;  was  a  fellow  of  Harvard  College  from  1780  to  1804,  and  secretary  of  the 
board  of  overseers.  He  died  Aug.  12,  1804,  after  a  pastorate  of  thirty-six  years. 
President  Willard,  of  Harvard  College,  delivered  the  funeral  discourse. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1774  were:  William 

I  77  A  .  Bel1  (1756),  captain  ;  John  Stutson  (1765),  lieutenant ;  Asa  Stoddard  (1765), 

•    '  ensign.     Cuthbert    Inglesby    (1771)    was    first    sergeant;    Abraham    Hunt 

(1772),  second  sergeant;  John  Hinkley  (1772),  third  sergeant;  Stephen  Whiting,  Jr. 

(1772),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Condon  (1768),  clerk. 

This  year  the  Boston  Port  Bill  was  passed,  the  harbor  closed,  and  the  people 
" cruelly  deprived  "  of  the  means  they  had  used  to  support  their  families.     "Boston 

1  Boston  Newspaper. 


180  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['774 


became  the  most  striking  monument  of  ministerial  tyranny  and  barbarity."  Its  people 
suffered  for  the  necessaries  of  life,  and  other  colonies  contributed  largely  to  their  support 
during  their  great  distress.  Such  a  condition  could  not  but  operate  strongly  and 
adversely  upon  the  welfare  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company.  Its  meet- 
ings were  suspended  after  the  June  anniversary  of  1774,1  probably  on  account  of  the 
depression  of  the  town,  and  the  general  sorrow  and  apprehension  which  burdened  all 
classes,  and  were  not  resumed  until  1782,  on  account  of  the  absence  of  so  many 
members  in  the  country's  service.  The  school  of  the  soldier  was  temporarily  closed, 
and  most  of  the  pupils  took  lessons  in  active  warfare  upon  the  various  battle-fields  of  the 
Revolution. 

Gov.  Hutchinson  prorogued  the  General  Court  early  in  1774,  and  it  never  assembled 
again  under  the  charter.  The  official  dispatches  of  Gov.  Hutchinson,  Chief-Justice 
Oliver,  and  the  other  royal  officials,  addressed  to  the  King's  ministers  in  London,  and 
not  only  giving  them  incorrect  accounts  of  the  state  of  affairs  in  the  colonies,  but 
advising  extreme  measures  for  subjugating  the  rebellious  spirits,  were  obtained  posses- 
sion of  by  Benjamin  Franklin,  who  sent  them  back  to  Boston,  and  they  were  publicly 
read  in  Faneuil  Hall,  at  a  large  town  meeting.  They  were  the  spark  necessary  to  kindle 
revolutionary  flames,  and  the  struggle  for  independence  was  commenced. 

Gov.  Hutchinson,  who  had  been  superseded  by  Thos.  Gage,  Esq.,  sailed  for 
London  on  the  1st  of  June,  1774;  the  port  of  Boston  was  closed  by  order  of  the  British 
Parliament,  and  three  transports,  with  troops  on  board,  had  arrived  at  Nantasket.  On 
Wednesday,  the  15th,  the  Forty-Third  Regiment  landed  at  the  Long  Wharf,  marched  to 
the  Common,  and  there  encamped.  On  the  1st  of  July,  Admiral  Graves  arrived  with  his 
fleet  from  London,  and  more  transports  arrived  from  Ireland,  with  the  Fifth  and  Thirty- 
Eighth  regiments,  which,  with  the  artillery  from  Castle  William,  encamped  on  the  Com- 
mon. Early  in  August,  the  Welsh  Fusileers  came  by  water  from  New  York,  landed  at 
Long  Wharf,  and  encamped  on  Fort  Hill.  The  Fifty-Ninth  Regiment,  from  Halifax, 
landed  at  Salem,  and  remained  there  until  the  12th  of  September,  when  it  marched  to 
Boston,  and  encamped  on  the  Neck,  where  it  entrenched  itself. 

Gov.  Hutchinson,  son  of  Col.  Thomas  (1694),  was  constantly  in  dispute,  during  his 
term  of  office,  —  from  March,  1771,  to  May,  1774,  —  with  the  council  and  assembly. 
Those  persons,  however,  who  favored  the  Crown,  sympathized  with  him,  and,  just  previous 
to  his  departure  for  England,  addressed  to  him  letters  expressive  of  sympathy  and  good- 
will. They  testify  "to  the  entire  satisfaction  they  feel  in  the  wise,  zealous,  and  faithful 
administration  "  of  Gov.  Hutchinson ;  lament  the  loss  of  so  good  a /governor;  deplore 
the  calamities  impending  over  Boston  and  the  province,  and  wish  him  a  pleasant  voyage 
to  England. 

There  were  one  hundred  and  twenty-four  "  merchants  and  others,"  and  twenty-four 
"barristers  and  attorneys,"  of  Boston,  who  thus  addressed  Gov.  Hutchinson.  Among 
them  were  the  following-named  members  of  the  Artillery  Company:  Hopestill  Capen 
(1763),  Martin  Gay  (1761),  Joseph  Goldthwait  (1732),.  John  Gore  (1743),  John  Joy 
(1755),  and  Adino  Paddock  (1762). 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1774  were:  Thomas  S.  Bord- 
man,  Nathaniel  Call,  Jacob  Gill,  Lemuel  Robinson,  Joseph  Spear,  Jr.,  John  Wise. 

1  While  this  is  true,  so  far  as  the  record  of  the  Company  shows,  yet  a  letter  of  John  Andrews,  Esq., 
given  in  note  on  page  185,  contains  an  account  of  a  parade  Oct.  3,  1774. 


i774]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  I  8  I 

Thomas  S.  Bordman  (1774),  hatter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  William  Bordman 
(1758)  and  Susanna,  was  bom  March  23,  1752.  He  married  (published  July  16,  1781) 
Thankful  Higgins,  of  Eastham. 

Having  served  an  apprenticeship  in  the  hatting  business  with  his  father,  he  was 
admitted  into  partnership,  under  the  firm  name  of  William  Bordman  &  Son.  They  did 
an  extensive  business  in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  hats,  and  were  engaged  in  the  pur- 
chase and  exporting  of  furs.  Their  place  of  business  was  near  the  head  of  Ann  Street. 
On  the  death  of  the  senior  partner,  about  1809,  the  business  was  continued  by  the  son 
until  within  three  years  of  his  decease,  which  occurred  April  26,  1828.  'An  upright, 
useful,  and  worthy  man." 

His  brother,  William,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1786.  Thomas  S.  Bord- 
man (1774)  resided  on  North  Square. 

Nathaniel  Call  (1774),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Richard  and  Mary  (King) 
Call,  was  born  in  Charlestown  in  November  (baptized,  17th),  1745.  He  was  a  brother 
of  Capt.  William  (1787).  Nathaniel  (1774)  was  taxed  in  Ward  7  in  1780  and  1782,  and 
"probably  married  Elizabeth  Green,  Oct.  18,  1770." 

He  was  captain  of  a  company  of  artificers  in  the  Revolution.  He  served  as  second 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1788,  and  its  ensign  in  179 1.  He  lived  on  Green 
Street,  and  died  very  much  regretted,  Aug.  18,  1827,  aged  eighty-two  years.  His 
remains  were  placed  in  tomb  No.  64,  in  the  burying-ground  on  the  Common. 

Jacob  Gill  (1774),  hatter,  of  Milton,  son  of  Samuel  and  Hannah  Gill,  was  born  Jan. 
1,  1745-6.  He  was  lieutenant  in  Capt.  Robinson's  company  of  Col.  Ezra  Badlam's  regi- 
ment, in  January  and  February,  1787,  actively  engaged  to  quell  the  insurrection  of 
Daniel  Shays ;  colonel  of  the  Third  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachu- 
setts Militia,  from  1794  to  1798,  and  in  1799  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  of 
that  brigade. 

In  1795,  Gen.  Gill  (1774)  bought  in  Milton  the  westerly  half  of  what  was  once 
called  the  Hutchinson  estate,  which  he  owned  at  the  time  of  his  decease.  He  lived 
previously  in  a  house  that  stood  where  the  building  of  Mr.  S.  W.  Johnson  now  stands, 
and  his  workshop  was  on  the  location  now  occupied  by  the  provision  store  of  George 
Everett.     He  died  in  Milton,  Sept.  20,  1820. 

Lemuel  Robinson  (1774),  tavernkeeper,  of  Dorchester.  In  May  and  September, 
1774,  Capt.  Lemuel  Robinson  (1774)  was  chosen  to  represent  the  town  in  the  General 
Court  to  be  held  at  Salem.  Gen.  Gage  having  recalled  the  writs  for  the  latter  meeting, 
Capt.  Robinson  (1774)  was  authorized  to  meet  the  representatives  of  the  other  towns  in 
"  General  Provincial  Congress.'-'  On  the  5th  of  October,  ninety  representatives  assembled 
at  Salem,  but,  no  governor  appearing,  they  resolved  themselves  into  a  "  Provincial  Con- 
gress," and  was  the  first  regularly  organized  legislative  body  assuming  revolutionary 
powers  in  America. 

Thomas  S.  Bordman  (1774).   Authorities  :  man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates,  Vol.  I. 

Boston   Records;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.   and  H.  A.  p.  168. 

Company,  Ed.  1842;   MS.  of  Mr.  Joseph  C.  Whit-  Jacob   Gill   (1774)-      Authorities:   Teele's 

ney,  of  Boston.  Hist  of  Milton;  Mass.  Archives. 
'Nathaniel  Call   (1774).     Authority:   Wy- 


1 82  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['774 


The  following  extracts  are  from  the  diary  of  Col.  Samuel  Pierce,  of  Dorchester :  — 

"  1763,  April  31.  I  grafted  for  Mr.  Lemuel  Robinson  [1774]  :  he  and  I  grafted 
245  heads  in  one  day. 

"  1769,  Aug.  14.  Was  a  very  grand  entertainment  at  Mr  Lemuel  Robinsons  [1774]. 
All  the  Sons  of  Liberty  met;  there  was  124  carriages  there.1 

"  1774,  May  18.     Mr  Lemuel  Robinson  [1774]  was  chosen  to  represent  the  town. 

"  1774,  Nov  17.  The  officers  of  this  regiment  met  at  Stouton  to  choose  their  field 
Officers.  Chosen  for  the  same- —  Lemuel  Robinson  [1774],  Deacon  Gill  and  Joseph 
Vose. 

"  1775,  Feb.  27.     The  field  officers  resigned. 

"  1775,  March  7.     They  met  again  and  [the  same  field  officers]  were  rechosen." 

Joseph  Spear,  Jr.  (1774),  cooper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Collier) 
Spear,  was  born  April  7,  1722,  at  Hull,  Mass.,  and  he  died  in  Boston  in  February,  1791. 
He  married,  (1)  Oct.  25,  1743,  Elizabeth  Phebe  Binney,  who  died  in  1757  or  1758, 
daughter  of  John  and  Hannah  (Paine)  Binney,  of  Hull,  and,  (2)  June  14,  1759,  Mary 
Dawson. 

He  was  identified  with  the  militia,  and  became  a  captain  in  Col.  Craft's  regiment. 
In  1778,  Joseph  Spear,  Jr.  (1774),  and  his  brother,  Lieut.  David  (1758),  were  captured 
by  the  British,  and  were  carried  to  Pembroke,  England.  They  were  released  Oct.  14, 
1780. 

He  never  held  any  town  office  in  Boston.  In  1785,  he  became  a  member  of  the 
Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.  In  1788,  he  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company.     He  resided  on  Leverett  Street,  also  called  Quaker  Lane. 

From  1789  until  his  decease  he  was  an  officer  of  customs,  "a  useful  member  of 
society  and  one  whose  death  is  lamented  by  all  who  were  acquainted  with  him." 

John  Wise  (1774),  tailor,  of  Boston,  married  Mary .     She  died  Sept.  12,  1795, 

aged  thirty-nine  years.  He  was  interested  in  the  militia,  and  was  second  lieutenant  in 
the  Boston  regiment  in  1779,  ar"d  captain  in  1784.  Capt.  John  Wise  (1774)  and  his 
wife,  after  lingering  sickness,  aged  fifty-five  and  thirty-nine  years  respectively,  died 
in  1795.     They  resided  in  West  Boston,  near  the  meeting-house. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1774  is  as  follows  :  — 
"  1774.  April  4th.  The  Company  being  under  Arms  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  a  Committee  be  appointed  to  confer  with  Blanchard  [1737]  respecting  his  Bonds 
due  to  the  Company.  Voted,  That  Col.  Jackson  [1738],  Maj.  Dawes  [1754],  Capt 
Waters  [1747]  and  Capt  Gay  [1761]  be  a  committee  for  the  purpose  aforesaid.  Voted, 
The  Company  meet  to  exercise  at  Faneuil  Hall  every  Friday  evening  in  the  weeks  pre- 
ceding the  training  in  May  next,  at  half  past  seven  o'clock ;  and  any  Member  being 

Joseph  Spear,  Jr.   (1774).      Authorities:  dined  at  two  o'clock  p.  m.    About  three  hundred  sat 

Boston  Records;   MS.  of  W.  G.  Spear,  of  Quincy.  clown   to   tables  spread  in   the   field   under  a  tent. 

'The  entertainment  of  Aug.   14,  1769,  was  a  Toasts  were  drank,  songs  sung,  etc.,  and  at  five  o'clock 

celebration  of  "  the  Union  and  Association  of  the  P.  M.  Mr.  Hancock  in  his  chariot  led  off  for  Boston. 

Sons  of  Liberty  in  this  Province."      The  "Sons"  John  Adams,  who  was  present,  vouches  for  the  per- 

assembled   at   Liberty  Tree   in  Boston  and  thence  feet  sobriety  of  the  "  Sons  of  Liberty."  —  See  Diary 

proceeded  to  Liberty  Tree  tavern,  known  as  "Rob-  of  John  Adams,  1769. 
inson's  [1774]  "  tavern,  in  Dorchester,  where  they 


,774]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  183 

absent  at  that  time  shall  pay  a  fine  of  six  pence,  and  if  absent   the  whole  evening  one 
shilling;  and  for  neglect  of  gun  &  bayonet  one  shilling  for  the  use  of  the  Company. 

"  Voted,  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Hunt  of  Boston  be  desired  to  preach  on  the 
Anniversary  Artillery  Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  and  the  present  Commission 
Officers  with  the  Treasurer  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  desire  the  same. 

"  Attest :    Samuel  Condon,  Clerk. 

"  May  2d  1774.  Monday,  the  weather  being  unsuitable,  the  Company  did  not  turn 
out  till  the  Friday  following :  being  then  under  Arms  in  the  field,  the  Committee 
appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Hunt  of  Boston,  report  they  had  waited  on  him 
with  the  requests  of  the  Company,  but  that  he  had  declined  on  account  of  his  health  not 
admitting.  Voted,  That  the  same  Committee  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr 
John  Lathrop  and  desire  him  to  preach  on  the  Anniversary  Artillery  Election  of  Officers 
in  June  next.  The  Treasurer's  accounts  being  read  it  was  Voted  That  the  same  be 
accepted.  Voted,  The  Treasurer  pay  the  present  Commission  officers  thirty  pounds, 
lawful  money,  towards  defraying  the  expenses  of  the  Election  Dinner  in  June  next ;  and 
further  more  that  the  Company  dine  with  them.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  borrow  of  the 
Treasurer  ten  pounds,  lawful  money,  on  account  of  the  balance  due  to  him  from  the 
Company,  and  that  Mr.  Joseph  Pierce  [1769],  &  Mr  Josiah  Waters  Jun.  [1769]  be  a 
Committee  to  adjust  the  Clerks  accounts  and  assess  the  Members  of  the  Company  for 
the  balance  that  may  be  due  him  ;  and  that  the  said  Sum  of  ten  pounds  be  repaid  to  the 
Treasurer  when  received  of  the  Members.  Voted,  The  Company  meet  to  exercise  at 
Faneuil  Hall  every  Friday  evening  preceding  the  training  in  June  next  precisely  at  eight 
o'clock.     Fines  as  Voted  April  last.  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,   Clerk. 

"June  6th.  1774.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  in  the  field,  it  was  then  Voted, 
That  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on 
the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Lathrop,  and  return  him  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  his  Sermon 
preached  this  day.1  Attest     Samuel  Condon,   Clerk." 

Rev.  John  Hunt,  of  Boston,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1774,  but  he  declined  on  account  of  ill  health.  He  was  the  son  of  Capt.  John  and 
Esther  (Wells)  Hunt,  and  was  born  in  Northampton,  Nov.  20,  1744.  He  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1764,  and  taught  school  in  his  native  town  from  October,  1765,  until 
March,  1769.  In  connection  with  his  teaching,  he  pursued  a  course  of  theological 
studies,  and  was  licensed  to  preach  in  1769. 

Rev.  John  Hunt.      Authorities:   Sprague's  suitable  to  the  occasion  was  delivered  by  Rev.  John 

Annals  of  American  Pulpit;    Hooker's  Mem.  Dis.,  Lathrop.     After  which  they  proceeded  as  usual  to 

Northampton,    1775;      Hill's    Hist,    of  Old    South  Faneuil  Hall,  where  an  elegant  dinner  was  provided 

Church.  for  the  aforesaid  gentlemen,  and  in  the  evening  an 

1  "  Last  Monday,  being  the  anniversary  of  the  entertainment  was  made  by  the  new  elected  officers, 
election  of  officers  for  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  "The  officers  of  the  Company  are  chosen  an- 

Artillery  Company,  the  following  gentlemen   were  nually,   and  it  has  always  been  customary  for  the 

chosen  for  the  ensuing  year :  —  Lieut.  William  Bell  Governor  of  the  Province  to  receive  the  badges  of 

[1756],  Captain;    Mr.  John  Stutson  [1765],  Lieu-  their  commission  from  the  old  officers  and  deliver 

tenant;    Mr.  Asa  Stoddard  [1765],  Ensign.  them  to   the  new.      As  his  Excellency,  Governor 

"Previous  to  the  choice  the  Company  waited  Gage,  was  at  Salem  on  that  day,  he  authorized  Major 

on  Major  General  Brattle  [1729],  the  members  of  General  Brattle  [1729J  to  act  in  his  stead." — Bos- 

his    Majestys   Council,   several   of   the    Honorable  ton  Newspaper. 

House  of  Assembly,  and  a  number  of  the  Reverend  "June  6  [1774],  Monday,  warm,  Artillery  Elec- 

Clergy,  and  other  persons  of  distinction,  to  the  Old  tion.     Rev.  John  Lathrop  preached  a  very  suitable 

Brick  Meeting-house,  where    a   learned   discourse,  sermon."  —  Thomas  Newell' s  Journal. 


1 84  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7„ 

Rev.  Joseph  Sewall,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1714,  died  in 
1769.  Two  years  after,  Sept.  25,  1771,  Rev.  John  Hunt  became  his  successor,  and  was 
ordained  on  that  day.  Mr.  Hunt  was  a  genial  and  affectionate  man,  of  winning  and  per- 
suasive manners.  He  died,  deeply  lamented,  Dec.  30,  1775,  at  the  age  of  thirty-one 
years,  after  a  pastorate  of  but  four  years'  duration. 

Rev.  John  Lathrop,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1774. 
He  was  born  May  17,  1740,  in  Norwich,  Conn.  He  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in 
1763,  and  pursued  the  study  of  medicine.  For  a  short  time  he  was  an  assistant  in 
Moors'  Indian  School,  then  kept  at  Lebanon.  On  the  death  of  Rev.  Mr.  Checkley,  who 
delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1757,  Mr.  John  I  athrop  was  engaged  to  supply 
the  pulpit.  After  a  trial  of  several  months,  the  Second  Church  and  Society  unanimously 
invited  him  to  become  its  pastor.  He  accepted,  and  was  installed  May  18,  1768.  He 
was  pastor  of  the  church  during  the  Revolution,  when  the  Old  North  Meeting-House, 
erected  in  1677,  was  torn  down  for  fuel  by  the  British.  After  the  Evacuation,  the  Old 
North,  or  Second,  Church  and  the  New  Brick  Church  united  in  public  worship,  and 
May  6,  1779,  they  formed  a  perpetual  union. 

Mr.  Pemberton  died  Sept.  9,  1779,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Lathrop  continued  as  pastor  of 
the  new  Second  Church.  His  ministry  covered  the  long  period  of  fifty  years,  and  he 
died  Jan.  4,  1816.  The  sermon,  at  his  interment,  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Parkman, 
of  Boston.     He  was  buried  in  the  Granary  Burial-Ground. 


It   was  upon  March  6,  1775,  that  Gen.   Joseph    Warren  delivered    the 

I  yy  C.  oration  "  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  horrid  massacre  perpetrated  on  the 

'   '   J    evening  of  the  5th  of  March,  1770,  by  a  party  of  soldiers"  under    Capt. 

Thomas  Preston.     Thanks  were  voted  to  the  orator,  and  a  committee,  of  which  Col. 

Thomas  Marshall  (1761)  was  one,  was  appointed  to  wait  upon  him,  and  request  a  copy 

for  the  press. 

Samuel  Adams,  moderator  of  the  adjourned  town  meeting,  April  3,  1775,  being  at 
the  Congress  then  sitting  in  Concord,  Samuel  Swift  (1746)  was  chosen  moderator 
pro  tempore. 

From  the  last-mentioned  date  until  March  29,  1776,  nearly  one  year,  no  meeting  of 
the  inhabitants  is  recorded,  except  the  inhabitants  of  Boston  were  warned  to  meet  March 
5,  1776,  at  the  meeting-house  in  Watertown,  to  listen  to  an  oration  by  Rev.  Peter 
Thacher,  commemorative  of  "the  horrid  massacre  of  the  5th  of  March,  1770."  Nath- 
aniel Barber,  Jr.  (i758)»  was  present  on  that  occasion,  and  was  assigned  a  place  on  each 
of  the  three  committees  appointed  at  that  meeting. 

William  Copp  was  the  early  proprietor  of  that  portion  of  the  hill  which  has  subse- 
quently borne  his  name.  Copp's  Hill  was  at  one  time  in  possession  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company.  In  1775,  tne  Common  was  occupied  by  the  British 
troops,  and  the  Artillery  Company  was  refused  admittance  to  perform  its  usual  exercise 

Rev.  John  Lathrop.  Authorities:  Robbins's  Hist,  of  Second  Church;  Funeral  Sermon,  by  Rev 
Mr.  Parkman;  Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit. 


I775j  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 85 

and  evolutions.1    Major  Bell,  the  commander,  therefore  marched  the  Company  to  Copp's 
Hill,  as  has  been  fully  related  in  the  sketch  of  Major  Bell  (1756).2 

In  the  introduction  to  the  above-mentioned  "  Letters  of  John  Andrews,  Esq.,  of 
Boston,"  there  are  certain  explanatory  paragraphs.  It  was  Samuel  Breck,  Esq.,  who 
recognized  these  letters  as  productions  of  his  uncle,  John  Andrews.  Mr.  Breck  adds  : 
"Benjamin  Andrews  [1754]  ■  •  •  was  the  elder  brother  of  John.  Shortly  after  this 
date  [April  11,  1776]  my  uncle  Benjamin  [1754]  was  writing  in  his  parlor  on  some 
business,  preparatory  to  a  journey  into  the  country  the  next  day.  His  friend,  Benjamin 
Hitchborn,  a  lawyer  of  eminence,  sat  near  the  chimney,  preparing  for  use  a  pair  of 
pistols,  —  without  which  in  those  days  no  one  ventured  to  travel,  —  when,  by  some 
awkward  turn,  the  pistol  which  he  held  in  his  hand  exploded  and  killed  Andrews  [1754] 
on  the  spot.  The  very  melancholy  event  was  supposed  to  be  accidental;  and  Hitch- 
born,  who  married  his  [Mr.  Breck's]  widowed  aunt,  took  the  best  possible  care  of  her 
children  by  Andrews  [1754],  whom  he  educated  and  established  in  life  with  true 
parental  affection." 

Samuel  Bixby,  a  private  in  Capt.  Bolster's  company,  of  Sutton,  in  Col.  Learned's 
regiment,  then  encamped  before  Boston,  wrote  in  his  journal :  — 

"June  5th  [1775]  Monday..  This  day  is  'Artillery  Election'  :  but  it  is  not  much 
thought  of  by  the  soldiers.  About  12  o.  c.  the  regulars  fired  from  the  fortifications;  and 
they  fired  from  the  Castle  at  a  party  of  our  men  on  shore  digging  clams  but  did  no 
damage.  Our  men  picked  up  one  of  the  balls,  a  24  pounder,  and  carried  it  to  the  Gen- 
eral, who  gave  them  two  gallons  of  rum.  A  party  of  our  men  out  towards  Noddles  Island 
captured  a  barge  and  four  men  belonging  to  a  man  of  war  and  carried  it  ashore  at  Cam- 
bridge ;  and  this  day  brought  the  barge  to  Roxbury  in  a  cart,  with  the  sails  up  and  three 
men  in  it.  It  was  marched  round  the  meeting  house,  while  the  engineer  fired  the 
cannon  for  joy." 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1775  is  as  follows  :  — 
"April  3d,  1775.  The  Company  being  under  Arms,  it  was  then  Voted,  That  the 
Rev.  Mr.  William  Gordon  of  Roxbury  be  desired  to  preach  on  the  anniversary  Artillery 
Election  of  Officers  in  June  next,  and  the  present  Commission  Officers,  with  the 
Treasurer,  be  a  committee  to  wait  on  him  and  request  the  same.  Voted,  That  the 
Company  meet  to  exercise  at  Faneuil  Hall  every  Tuesday  evening  preceding  the  train- 
ing in  May  next,  precisely  at  half  past  seven  o'clock,  on  penalty  of  six  pence  for  non- 

1  It  is  possible  this  event  occurred  twice.   There  merly  us'd  to.     Their  fifes  and  drums,  when  near 

is  no  record  of  a  public  parade  of  the  Artillery  Com-  Ihe  hill,  alarmed  the   Lively,  which  lays  near  the 

pany  either  Oct.  3,  1774,  or  in  April,  1775,  but  Mr.  ferry;  and  when  ihey  had  got  upon  the  hill,  in  sight 

Whitman  (1810)  repeats  the  story  of  a  "  bystander,"  of  the  ship,  the  Boatswain's  w  histle  call'd  all  hands 

who  said  the  event  occurred  in  1775,  "before  the  upon  deck,  the  marines  with   their  firelocks  were 

meetings  were  suspended,"  and  Mr.  Andrews  recites  fix'd  upon  the   quarter,   the  ports   opened  with  a 

a  similar  event  as  occurring  Oct.  3,  1774.  spring  upon  their  cables,  the  round  tops  manned, 

2 "Monday,  October  3  [1774], the  wind  North-  and  a  boat  manned  and  sent  out  upon  each  side  to 

East,  and  the  weather  cold  but  fair.    Artillery  train-  reconnoitre.     Such  was   the  terror   they  were   in, 

ing  for  the  last  time  this  year."  —  Thomas  NnveWs  from  the    appearance   of  about  fifty  pompions   in 

Journal.  arms.     At  about  five  o'clock  they  remarched  into 

"October  4th  [1774].    Yesterday  afternoon  our  King  street,  where  they  perform'd  their  evolutions 

honorable  and  ancient  Artillery  turned  out,  and  for  with  the  greatest  propriety  and  exactness;    much 

want  of  a  better  place,  they  march'd  down  to  Cop's  more  so,  in  my  opinion,  than  any  performances  of 

hill,  where  they  went  through  their  several  manoeu-  the  troops  since  they've  been  here."  —  From  Letters 

vres  to  the  satisfaction  of  every  one,  and  really  made  of  John  Andrews,  Esq.,  of  Boston,  compiled  and 

a  much  more  respectable  appearance  than  they  for-  edited  by  Mr.  Wmthrop  Sargent. 


1 86  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


['775 


attendance  at  roll-call,  and  one  shilling  if  absent  the  whole  evening,  and  any  Member 
appearing  without  his  firelock  &  bayonett  shall  pay  a  fine  of  one  shilling. 

"  Attest :     Samuel  Condon,  Clerk." 

The  "  Loyal  Address  from  the  Gentlemen  and  Principal  Inhabitants  of  Boston  to 
Gov.  Gage,  on  his  departure  for  England,  Oct.  6,  1775,"  was  signed  by  ninety-seven 
persons,  of  whom  the  following-named  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  : 

William  Brattle  (1729),  Martin  Gay  ( 1761),  John  Gore  (1743),  John  Joy  (1755), 
Adino  Paddock  (1762). 

The  editor  of  the  "Memorial  History  of  Boston,"  in  Vol.  III.,  pages  175-177, 
gives  the  names  of  five  hundred  and  thirty-four  loyalists  who  resided  in  Boston  or  its 
vicinity.  Among  them  are  found  the  following  names  of  members  of  the  Artillery 
Company  :  — 

William  Brattle  (1729),  James  Butler  (1739),  Hopestill  Capen  (1763),  Josiah 
Edson,  Jr.  (1747),  Martin  Gay  (1 761),  John  Gore  (1743),  William  Heath  (1754),  John 
J°y  (J7S5).  Edward  Lyde  (1758),  William  Murray  (1758),  Adino  Paddock  (1762), 
Benjamin  Phillips  (1755),  Moses  Pitcher  (1760),  Isaac  Royall  (1750),  Job  Wheel- 
wright (1759)- 

In  contradistinction  to  the  above  lists  of  "addressers"  and  "loyalists,"  the  great 
majority,  probably  more  than  nine  tenths,  of  the  active  membership  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany at  the  beginning  of  the  Revolutionary  War  were  loyal  to  the  cause  of  the  colonies, 
and,  without  exception,  were  more  or  less  active  in  the  stirring  events  of  those  days. 
Some  members  were  alert  at  home,  answering  alarm  calls,  guarding  the  harbor  and  coasts, 
collecting  materials  for  the  war ;  while  others  enlisted  for  the  war,  and,  on  land  or  sea, 
bore  their  share  of  the  privations  and  sacrifices  necessitated  by  the  sanguinary  struggle. 
Their  training  in  the  military  art  previous  to  the  war  prepared  them  to  command,  hence 
the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  was  represented  by  commissioned  officers 
on  every  battle-field  where  the  banner  of  Massachusetts  waved.  Having  assisted  to  drive 
the  British  from  Massachusetts  Bay,  they  hastened  to  other  American  colonies  to  drive 
the  British  thence.  They  endured  the  sorrows  of  the  midwinter  camp ;  they  shared  in  the 
successes  at  Saratoga  and  Yorktown.  The  loyalty,  sacrifice,  and  service  of  members  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution  give  an  immortal  lustre  to  those 
pages  in  its  history. 

George  William  Curtis,  in  his  oration  at  Concord  in  1873,  said,  "Such  was  the 
opening  battle  of  the  Revolution,  a  conflict  which,  so  far  as  we  can  see,  saved  civil 
liberty  in  two  hemispheres,  —  saved  England  as  well  as  America,  and  whose  magnificent 
results  shine  through  the  world  as  the  beacon  light  of  free  popular  government.  And 
who  won  this  victory?  The  minute-men  and  militia,  who,  in  the  history  of  our  English 
race,  have  been  always  the  vanguard  of  freedom.  The  minute-man  of  the  American 
Revolution  !—  who  was  he?  He  was  the  husband  and  father,  who,  bred  to  love  liberty 
and  to  know  that  lawful  liberty  is  the  sole  guaranty  of  peace  and  progress,  left  the  plow 
in  the  furrow  and  the  hammer  on  the  bench,  and,  kissing  wife  and  children,  marched  to 
die  or  to  be  free.  He  was  the  son  and  lover,  the  plain,  shy  youth  of  the  singing-school 
and  the  village  choir,  whose  heart  beat  to  arms  for  his  country,  and  who  felt,  though  he 
could  not  say,  with  the  old  English  cavalier, — 

'■' '  I  could  not  love  thee,  dear,  so  much, 
Loved  I  not  honour  more.' 


1776]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 87 

The  minute-man  of  the  Revolution  !  He  was  the  old,  the  middle-aged,  and  the  young. 
This  was  the  minute-man  of  the  Revolution,  —  the  rural  citizen  trained  in  the  common 
school,  the  church,  and  the  town  meeting,  who  carried  a  bayonet  that  thought,  and  whose 
gun,  loaded  with  a  principle,  brought  down,  not  a  man  but  a  system." 

Rev.  William  Gordon,  of  Roxbury,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election 
sermon  in  1775,  but,  Boston  being  in  a  state  of  siege,  the  June  anniversary  was 
unobserved. 

Rev.  William  Gordon,  D.  D.,  was  a  native  of  Hitchin,  England,  and,  prior  to  his 
coming  to  Boston,  was  settled  in  Ipswich,  England,  and  in  Old  Gravel  Lane,  Wapping, 
England.  He  emigrated  to  America  in  1770,  began  to  preach  to  the  Third  Parish 
Church  in  Roxbury  in  1771,  and,  July  6,  1772,  was  installed  as  its  pastor.  He  held  this 
relation  for  fourteen  years.  He  was  elected  chaplain  to  the  Provincial  Congress,  May  4, 
1775,  and  tnat  b°dy  voted  him  a  horse  to  use  in  the  service,  and  gave  him  free  access  to 
all  the  prisoners  of  war.  It  also  commissioned  him  to  procure  the  letter-books  of  Gov. 
Hutchinson,  then  in  the  possession  of  Capt.  McLane,  of  Milton.  Mr.  Gordon  was  a 
thorough  patriot,  but  blunt,  harsh,  and  injudicious.  April  2,  1778,  he  was  dismissed  from 
the  office  of  provincial  chaplain  for  his  violent  expressions  in  regard  to  a  part  of  the 
proposed  constitution  of  Massachusetts.  John  Adams  said  of  him,  "  He  is  an  eternal 
talker,  and  somewhat  vain,  and  not  accurate  or  judicious." 

He  left  America  for  London,  March  17,  1786,  that  he  might  publish  his  history  of 
the  American  Revolution  on  more  favorable  terms  than  in  this  country.  The  work  was 
issued  in  London  in  1788.  He  died  at  Ipswich,  England,  Oct.  19, 1807,  aged  seventy- 
seven  years. 


,  Aug.  26  a  committee  of  thirty-six  persons  was  chosen  to  take  a  census  of 

[  l~7'~7\),  the  people  of  the  town.  Eleven  of  this  committee  were  members  of  the 
'    '  Artillery  Company,  and  one  third  of  the  jury  selected  for  the  trial  and  con- 

demnation of  vessels,  Sept.  5,  were  members  of  the  Company,  Timothy  Pickering,  Esq., 
being  the  judge.  Sept.  9  the  town  clerk  announced  to  the  inhabitants  that,  agreeably 
to  their  recommendation,  the  General  Assembly  had  appointed  Henry  Bromfield  colonel, 
Thomas  Dawes  (1754)  lieutenant-colonel,  Ephraim  May  (1765)  major,  William  Dawes, 
Jr.  (1768),  second  major  of  the  regiment  of  militia  in  the  town  of  Boston. 

At  this  time,  according  to  the  report  of  the  committee  chosen  Aug.  26,  there  were 
"  535  of  tne  Inhabitants  .  .  .  now  in  the  Continental  Service,  206  in  the  Colony,  and 
166  in  the  Sea  Service,  making  in  all  907  persons  in  the  service  of  their  Country." 

Upon  all  the  working  committees  of  this  eventful  period  the  Artillery  Company  was 
constantly  represented,  and  its  members  were  active  in  the  affairs  of  the  town  and  the 
colony. 

The  General  Court  having  ordered  a  draft,  as  a  reinforcement  for  the  Continental 
Army,  at  or  near  New  York,  the  selectmen  of  Boston  executed  the  order,  Dec.  18  and  19, 
1776.  Two  hundred  and  sixty-nine  persons  were  drafted,  of  whom  the  following-named 
were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  (those  with  a  *  prefixed  paid  the  fine)  :  — 

•Benjamin  Andrews  (1754),  Samuel  Ballard  (1755),  Capt.  Samuel  Barrett  (1755), 
*Daniel  Bell  (1733),  Capt.  William  Bell  (1756),  "Daniel  Boyer  (1756),  Joseph  Bradford 
(1740),  Capt.  Edward  Carnes  (1755),  Capt.  Caleb  Champney  (1762),  *John  Coburn 
(1751),    *Amasa    Davis     (1786),    Major    William     Dawes,    Jr.     (1768),    "Benjamin 


1 88  •  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [■  777-8 

Edes  (1760),  Joshua  Farrington  (1786),  *Stephen  Gore  (1773),  Thomas  Greenough 
(1744),  John  Haskins  (1768),  *John  Head  (1757),  *William  Homes  (1747),  Gol. 
Joseph  Jackson  (1738),  *John  Lucas  (1786),  *Ephraim  May  (1765),  John  May  (1786), 
Moses  Peck  (1758),  Benjamin  Phillips  (1755),  Joseph  Pierce  (1769),  Edward  Proctor 
(1756),  *William  Shattuck  (1787),  Capt.  John  Simpkins  (1769),  Capt.  Jonathan  Stod- 
dard (1765),  Andrew  Symmes  (1734),  *Edward  Tuckerman  (1765),  John  Waldo 
('739).  John  Welch  (i736)>  *Samuel  Whitwell  (1755),  Charles  Williams  (1768), 
*Jonathan  Williams,  Esq.  (1729). 

Under  the  act  passed  Nov.  14,  1776,  no  station  in  life,  place,  employment  or  office, 
exempted  any  person  from  serving  in  arms  for  the  defence  of  the  country,  except 
those  persons  who  had,  before  April  19,  1775,  been  by  law  deemed  to  be  of  the  denomi- 
nation of  Christians  called  Quakers,  clergymen,  teachers,  and  undergraduates  of  Harvard 
College,  Indians,  negroes,  and  mulattoes,  should  not  be  held  to  take  up  arms  or  procure 
any  person  to  do  it  in  their  room.  One  quarter  of  the  able-bodied  male  persons  within 
the  State,  not  in  actual  military  service,  from  sixteen  years  old  and  upwards,  were  to  be 
drafted,  to  march  at  a  moment's  notice,  and  to  serve  for  a  term  not  exceeding  three 
months.     The  fine  for  non-service  was  ten  pounds. 


T  h-,1-,1-,  Capt.   Jonathan   Williams    (1729)   was  chairman   of   the   committee   to 

1  ///•  express  the  thanks  of  the  town  to  Benjamin  Hitchbume,  Esq.,  for  his 
"spirited  oration,"  delivered  March  5,  1777,  "to  commemorate  the  horrid 
massacre  perpetrated  March  5,  1770,  by  a  party  of  soldiers  of  the  Twenty-Ninth  Regi- 
ment," and  was  also  chairman  of  the  committee  authorized  to  select  a  person  to  deliver 
an  oration  March  5,  1778.  Capt.  Williams  (1729)  was  also  moderator  of  the  meeting, 
and  received  the  thanks  of  the  town  for  "his  good  services." 

April  2,  a  committee  was  appointed  to  take  the  names  of  such  persons  in  Boston 
as  "are  suspected  as  being  inimical  to  the  States  of  America."  May  19  the  list  was 
made  public.  It  contains  twenty-nine  names ;  among  them  are  those  of  the  following 
members  of  the  Artillery  Company :  Benjamin  Phillips  (1755)  and  Hopestill  Capen 
(1763).  A  jury  was  drawn,  May  22,  for  the  trial  of  these  suspected  persons  in  a 
special  court.  It  consisted  of  six  persons,  of  whom  Jeremiah  Belknap  joined  the 
Artillery  Company  in   1745,  Edward  Carnes  in  1755,  and  John  Newell  in  1768. 

The  people  of  Boston  suffered  greatly  in  1777.  Five  hundred  persons  in  Boston, 
of  the  families  of  such  as  were  in  the  Continental  Army,  were  in  suffering  circumstances. 
Donations  were  gladly  received.  Hon.  Viscount  Demauroy,  brigadier-general  of  the 
French  army,  gave  one  hundred  dollars  for  the  soldiers'  wives  and  children.  Col. 
Nathaniel  Barber  (1758),  Thomas  Dawes  (1754),  and  Ezekiel  Price  were  appointed  to 
express  to  Gen.  Demauroy  the  thanks  of  the  town  for  his  donation. 


q  Oct.  16,  1778,  the  Assembly  passed  an  act  "  to  prevent  the  return  to  this 

[  /  /  O.  State  of  certain  persons  named  therein,  and  others  who  have  left  this  State, 

*    *  or  either  of  the  United  States,  and  joined  the  enemy."     A  hundred  and  fifty 

residents  of  Boston  are  named  in  the  act,  and  about  the  same  number  from  other  towns 

in  the  State.     Among  them  are  the  following-named  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  : 


i77g_8i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  189 

Martin  Gay  ( 1 761),  founder  ;  Edward  Lyde  (1758),  merchant ;  John  Gore,  Esq.  (1743)  ; 
Adino  Paddock,  Esq.  (1762)  ;  John  Joy  (1755),  housewright ;  also,  Isaac  Royall,  Esq. 
(1750),  of  Medford ;  Josiah  Edson,  Jr.,  Esq.  (1747),  of  Bridgewater.  Few  indeed 
were  the  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  who  deserted  the  colonial  cause  and  sought 
protection  under  the  British  ensign. 


In  1779,  tne  following-named  officers  of  Col.  Craft's  (1765)  train  of 
[  VVQ.  artillery  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company:  captain,  Turner  Phillips 
1  '  y  (1786);  lieutenants,  John  Grant,  Jr.  (1769),  Daniel  Bell  (1733),  Benjamin 
Edes  (1760). 

The  line  officers  in  the  regiment  of  militia  in  Boston  were,  in  that  year  :  captains, 
Nathaniel  Heath  (1765),  Caleb  Champney  (1762),  John  Stutson  (1765),  Robert  Davis 
(1786),  Sarson  Belcher  (1765),  Jacob  Williams  (1768),  Edward  Kneeland  (1772),  Levi 
Jennings  (1764)  ;  lieutenants,  John  Wells  (1765), 'William  Todd,  Jr.  (1773),  Russell 
Sturgis  (1786),  Israel  Loring  (1768),  Alexander  Hodgdon  (1786),  Mannasseh  Marston 
(1769-),  Joseph  Ford  (1786),  and  John  Wise  (1774). 

The  officers  of  the  Light  Infantry  Company  in  Boston  in  1779  were  :  John  Hinkley 
(1772),  captain;  John  Coolidge  (1786),  second  lieutenant ;  Zechariah  Hicks  (1786), 
third  lieutenant,  and  Capt.  John  May  (1786),  adjutant. 

Of  the  Brigade  Train  of  Artillery  in  1779,  Thomas  Bumstead  (1764)  was  captain, 
with  the  rank  of  major,  and  William  Miller    (1770)    was  first   lieutenant,  with  the  rank 

of  captain. 

■• 

n  "  Boston,  November  8,  1 78 1.     The  late  important  and  pleasing  account 

J  yX  J  <  of  the  victory  of  the  allied  forces  over  the  British  army  commanded  by 
•  Earl  Cornwallis  in  Virginia,  induced  the  inhabitants  of   Boston    to   devote 

last  Monday  to  demonstrations  of  gratitude  and  joy. 

"The  day  was  ushered  in  by  discharges  of  cannon  from  the  Castle,  the  other  forts 
in  the  harbour,  the  ships  of  his  most  Christian  Majesty  and  other  armed  vessels  in  the 
road  ;  and  a  general  ringing  of  the  bells  in  the  town. 

"  In  the  forenoon  several  churches  were  opened  for  public  worship  in  prayer  and 
thanksgiving,  which  were  expressed  in  the  presence  of  crowded  audiences ;  a  generous 
collection  was  then  made  for  the  families  of  those  soldiers  of  this  town,  who  were 
engaged  in  the  Continental  army  for  three  years  or  during  the  war. 

"  At  noon  the  Council  and  a  great  number  of  other  gentlemen,  French  and  Amer- 
icans, met  at  the  Council  Chamber,  and  drank  to  healths  and  sentiments  becoming  the 
happy  occasion,  when  the  forts  and  ships  again  repeated  their  salutes. 

"  At  three  o'clock  his  Excellency,  the  Governor,  gave  an  elegant  dinner  at  the  Bunch 
of  Grapes  tavern  in  State  Street,  at  which  were  present  the  Hon.  gentlemen  of  the 
Council,  the  Hon.  the  Consul  of  France,  the  Hon.  the  Commander  of  the  French  ships 
and  the  French  officers,  many  gentlemen  of  the  Town  and  strangers  of  distinction. 

"After  dinner  toasts  were  drank,  each  accompanied  with  13  discharges  of  cannon, 
by  the  train  of  artillery  commanded  by  Major  Miller  [1770]. 

"  The  greater  part  of  the  gentlemen  after  dinner  attended  at  the  Seat  of  his  Excel- 
lency, the  Governor's,  to  pay  their  compliments  to  his  Excellency's  Lady,  where  they 


19°  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1782 


found  a  brilliant  assembly  of  Ladies,  and  preperations  for  a  Ball  in  the  most  beautiful 
economy. 

"After  tea  the  evening  was  pass'd  in  the  most  innocent,  graceful  and  pleasing 
amusements. 

"  His  Excellency  the  Governor's  [house]  his  Honor  the  Lieutenant  Governor's,  the 
State  House,  and  other  public  buildings  were  beautifully  illuminated  in  the  evening.  In 
the  front  of  his  Excellency's  house,  fireworks  were  display'd  as  usual  on  all  events  which 
promise  happiness  and  prosperity  to  the  country."  ' 

"Boston,  November  19,  1781.  Upon  the  glorious  and  memorable  occasion  of  the 
complete  conquest  and  capture  of  the  British  army,  under  Lord  Cornwallis,  by  the  allied 
forces  in  Virginia,  the  Hon.  Consul  General  of  France,  gave  a  ball  last  Monday  night  to 
the  Governor  and  Council,  the  Commodore  and  officers  of  His  Most  Christian  Majesty's 
ships  in  this  harbor,  the  American  officers,  and  a  great  number  of  the  principal  ladies 
and  gentlemen  of  the  town.  The  Consul  opened  the  ball  with  the  Lady  of  his  Excel- 
lency the  Governor.  Everything  was  conducted  with  the  greatest  decorum ;  and  the 
whole  appearance  was  brilliant.  The  joy  of  the  evening  was  particularly  heightened  by 
the  mutual  glow  of  friendship  between  the  two  nations,  which  sparkled  in  every  coun- 
tenance on  this  happy  occasion."  ' 

Monday  afternoon,  Dec.  12,  1781,  the  Honorable  Major-General,  the  Marquis  de  la 
Fayette,  with  his  suite  arrived  in  Boston  from  the  southward.  The  arrival  of  this  illus- 
trious commander  was  announced  by  the  ringing  of  the  several  bells  in  town  and  every 
other  demonstration  of  joy. 


q  "Boston,  September  21,  1782.     The  Colonel  of  the  Boston  Regiment  of 

I  7(52.  Militia,  would  notify  the  inhabitants  that  the  alarm  list  will  be  called  upon  in 
a  short  time  and  whoever  is  then  found  deficient  will  be  prosecuted  without 
discrimination,  (except  those  who  are  unable  — ).  The  articles  according  to  the  militia 
Act  are  now  inserted,  that  none  may  plead  ignorance,  viz  :  A  good  Fire-arm  with  steel  or 
iron  ramrod  and  a  spring  to  retain  the  same  :  A  worm,  priming  wire  and  brush  :  A 
bayonet  fitted  to  the  gun,  a  scabbard  and  a  belt:  A  pouch  holding  not  less  than  15 
pounds  cartrages  :  6  flints  :  One  pound  powder  :  40  lead  balls  fitted  to  his  gun  :  A 
knapsack  and  blanket :  A  canteen  or  wooden  bottle  sufficient  to  hold  one  quart. 

"Edward  Proctor  Esq.  [1756],  Colonel.  Joseph  Webb  Esq.  [1761]  Lieutenant 
Colonel.     John  May,  Esq.  [1786],  Major." 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1782,  in  the  Transcript  made  by  Mr. 
Whitman  (1810),  is  preceded  by  the  following  note  :  — 

"  N.  B.  The  following  was  never  recorded  in  the  Company's  Book,  and  was  recently 
discovered  in  a  bundle  of  old  papers,  supposed  to  belong  to  Deacon  Samuel  Barrett 
[i755]>  deceased.  The  original  is  placed  as  well  as  can  be  in  the  old  transcript  Record 
Book,  and  now  transcribed  in  its  proper  chronological  order. 

"  Boston,  Oct.  14th,  1826.  Attest :     Z.  G.  Whitman,  Clerk." 

'  Boston  Newspaper. 


i782]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  191 

The  record  referred  to  in  the  above  note  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  At  a  Meeting  of  the  Members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany at  Deacon  Jones  [1754],  May  30TH  1782. 

"Present.  Captain  William  Bell  [1756],  Chairman,  Joseph  Jackson  Esq.  [1738], 
Jonathan  Williams  [1729],  John  Welch  [1736],  Samuel  Barrett  [1755],  Asa  Stoddard 
[1765],  John  Stutson  [1765],  Daniel  Rea  [1770],  Abraham  Hunt  [1772],  William  Rogers 
[1765],  Benjamin  Edes  [1760],  Ephraim  May  [1765],  William  Dawes  [1760],  Ebenezer 
Torrey  [1765],  Stephen  Gore  [1773],  Samuel  Belknap  [1773],  John  Fullerton  [1768], 
Joseph  Spear  [(Jr.)  1774],  Edward  Kneeland  [1772],  Daniel  Jones  [1754],  Manasseh 
Marston  [1769],  John  Hinkley  [1772],  Josiah  Waters  [1747],  Jacob  Williams  [1768J, 
Israel  Loring  [1768]. 

"  Voted,  That  Benjamin  Edes  [1760]  officiate  as  Clerk  this  Evening. 

"  Voted,  That  a  Committee  be  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Secretary  to  obtain  a  copy 
of  the  Charter  of  this  Company. 

"  Voted,  That  the  committee  consist  of  three. 

"Voted,  That  Capt.  Samuel  Barrett  [1755],  Capt  William  Bell  [1756]  and  Mr. 
Benjamin  Edes  [1760]  be  the  Committee. 

"Voted,  That  the  same  Committee  wait  on  the  Treasurer  of  this  Company,  examine 
his  accounts,  and  make  report  at  the  Adjournment. 

"  Voted,  That  this  Meeting  be  adjourned  to  Monday  the  17th  day  of  June  next, 
then  to  meet  at  this  Place ;  and  that  the  above  Committee  give  Notice  thereof  in  the 
publick  prints.     The  Meeting  was  adjourned  accordingly. 

"  At  the  Adjournment  of  the  Meeting  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company 
at  Deacon  Jones'  June  17th  1782.  Present,  Capt  William  Bell  [1756],  Chairman,  Joseph 
Jackson  [1738],  John  Welch  [1736],  Samuel  Barrett  [1755],  Samuel  Belknap  [1773], 
John  Deming  [1756],  Daniel  Jones  [1754],  Benjamin  Edes  [1760],  Jacob  Gill  [1774], 
Thomas  Russell  [1769],  Joseph  Eaton  [1773],  Joseph  Spear  Jr.  [1774],  Josiah  Waters 
[1747],  Josiah  Waters,  Jr  [1769],  John  Stutson  [1765],  Daniel  [Stephen]  Gore  [1773]. 

"  The  Committee  appointed  at  the  meeting  on  the  30th  of  May  last,  to  obtain  a 
Copy  of  the  Charter  and  examine  the  Treasurer's  accounts,  made  Report,  that  they  had 
performed  said  service  and  laid  before  the  Company  a  Copy  of  said  Charter  -attested  by 
the  Secretary  :  and  an  Account  current  between  the  Treasurer  and  the  Company,  as  fol- 
lows, viz  :  (See  the  Copy  of  the  Charter  &  then  the  Treasurer's  Account  to  follow  here  to 
save  transcribing).  On  motion  made  and  seconded,  Voted  unanimously  That  the  Report 
of  the  Committee  be  accepted.  On  motion  made  by  Col.  Josiah  Waters,  Jun.  [1769] 
and  seconded,  That  a  Committee  be  appointed  to  take  up  the  Affairs  of  the  Company, 
at  large,  from  its  first  institution  to  the  present  Time  ;  to  be  particular  in  enquiring  into 
the  state  of  the  Company's  Debts,  and  in  what  manner  the  Securities  stand ;  to  obtain 
a  correct  list  of  the  Company ;  and  to  report  to  the  Company,  as  soon  as  may  be,  the 
State  of  their  Affairs ;  and  recommend  what  it  may  be  best  for  them  further  to  do,  as  to 
its  further  establishment  and  prosperity. 

"Voted,  That  Capt  Samuel  Barrett  [1755],  Col  Thomas  Dawes  [1754],  Capt. 
William  Bell  [1756],  Mr.  Robert  Jenkins  [1756]  and  Col  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]  be 
the  Committee. 

"  Voted,  That  the  necessary  expenses  which  may  arise  in  procuring  any  papers  or 
advice  which  may  be  necessary,  be  defreyed  by  the  Company  from  the  Monies  now  in 
the  hands  of  the  Treasurer. 


192  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,785 

"  Voted,  That  as  soon  as  the  Committee  are  ready  to  report,  they  give  Notice 
to  the  Company  by  advertizing  in  the  public  Papers,  or  otherwise  as  to  them  may 
seem  best. 

"Voted,  That  the  Books  and  Papers  of  the  Company,  together  with  the  Report  of 
the  Committee  made  this  evening  be  delivered  to  the  Committee  appointed  to  take  up 
the  Affairs  of  the  Company  at  large,  for  their  use  and  aid  in  the  Prosecution  of  their 
appointment.  Benj.  Edes,  Clerk,  pro-tem. 

"Boston  June  21st  1782.  To  Capt  Samuel  Barrett  [1755],  chairman  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  the  Anc.  &  Hon.  Artillery  Company. 

"  N.  B.  No  copy  is  taken  of  this  :  therefore  be  pleased  to  be  very  careful  of  it,  till 
recorded.1  B.  Edes,  Clerk. 

"  The  Charter  &  Treasurer's  Accounts  accompanies  this. 

"  B  —  E  —  Clerk,  pro- tern." 

The  committee,  according  to  the  last  vote  passed  May  30,  1782,  inserted  the  fol- 
lowing "  Notice  "  in  the  public  prints,  June  10  and  17,  to  wit :  — 

"  Monday,  June  3,  1782.  The  Surviving  Members  of  the  ancient  and  honorable 
Artillery  Company  are  hereby  notified  that  their  Meeting  stands  adjourned  to  Monday 
the  17th  of  June,  at  5  o'clock  p.  m.,  then  to  meet  at  the  American  Coffee  House  —at 
which  Time  and  Place,  the  members  are  requested  to  give  their  punctual  attendance,  to 
receive  the  Report  of  their  Committee  on  Matters  of  Importance  to  the  Company." 


q  In   1785,  Col.  Andrew  Symmes  (1760)  and  Major  John  Boyle  (1769) 

[  7()  v  were  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  Hancock.  Robert  Davis  (1786)  was  captain- 
'  *J  lieutenant,  with  rank  of  captain,  of  the  train  of  artillery  in  Boston ;  Edward 
Curtis  (1786)  was  second  lieutenant,  and  William  Bird  (1787)  was  adjutant.  Joseph 
Webb,  Jr.  (1761),  was  colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment,  and  John  May  (1786),  lieu- 
tenant-colonel;   John  Wise   (1774)  was  promoted  to  be  captain. 

In  1785,  the  military  spirit  in  and  around  Boston  began  to  show  itself,  and  that 
emulation  for  perfection  in  military  exercise  which  existed  before  the  Revolution  dis- 
played itself  throughout  the  State. 

June  15,  1785,  "  His  Excellency,  the  minister  of  war,"  at  New  York,  was  pleased  to 
direct  that  the  uniform  of  the  troops  raised,  and  to  be  raised,  for  the  frontier  service  "  be 
blue,  faced  and  lined  with  white,  for  the  infantry;  and  blue,  faced  and  lined  with  red,  for 
the  artillery  ;  the  cockade  to  be  black."  Discarding  the  union  cockade  did  not  seem  to 
meet  with  general  approbation. 

It  was  announced,  Aug  3,  1785,  that  "  a  company  of  Independent  Cadets,  composed 
principally  of  young  gentlemen  in  the  mercantile  line,"  had  been  lately  formed  in  Boston, 
and  several  other  companies  and  troops  of  horse  were  being  formed  in  various  parts 
of  the  country. 

Aug.  25,  1785,  a  company  of  grenadiers  and  a  troop  of  light  dragoons  were  formed 
at  the  American  Coffee  House,  Boston. 

1  The  original  minutes  of  these  meetings,  as  written  by  Benjamin  Edes  (1760),  are  in  the  archives  of 
the  Artillery  Company;    but  the  copy  of  the  chatter  and  the  treasurer's  accounts  are  presumably  lost. 


y 


OLD    FLAG    OF   THE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY 


1786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  193 

qs  Oct.  10,  1786,  the  Independent  Light  Infantry  met,  and  began  their  drill 

[  VoO.  w'1^  Sreat  spirit.  This  company  became  known  as  the  "Independent  Boston 
'  Fusileers,"  which  was  incorporated  May  n,  1787;    its  first  regular  parade 

taking  place  July  4,  1787,  when  the  adoption  of  the  new  Federal  Constitution  was  cele- 
brated. It  paraded  in  the  escort  and  reception  of  Gen.  Washington  in  Boston  in  1789; 
was  the  body-guard  of  Gen.  Hancock  during  the  greater  part  of  his  administration  ;  sole 
escort  to  the  governor  at  the  laying  of  the  corner-stone  of  the  State  House  in  1795,  and 
has  been  prominent  in  the  military  displays  of  Boston  for  a  century.  Motto,  "Aui 
vificere,  aut  mori." 

In  1786,  the  people  were  suffering  from  the  results  of  an  eight  years'  war.  The 
country  had  been  drained  by  taxation  ;  public  credit  was  nearly  extinct ;  trade  depressed ; 
manufactures  ceased ;  paper  money  was  well-nigh  worthless ;  debts,  great  and  many, 
rested  on  the  country,  the  commonwealth,  the  town,  and  the  people.  There  was  wide- 
spread disaffection.  The  complaints  of  the  people  were  stated  as  "grievances"  in  a 
convention  which  met  at  Hatfield,  Aug.  22,  1786. 

Inconsequence  of  this  state  of  affairs,  in  the  fall  of  1786  bodies  of  armed  men 
interfered  with  the  sitting  of  the  county  courts.  This  was  the  origin  of  the  rebellion 
against  the  constituted  government  in  Massachusetts,  called  "  Shays'  Rebellion."  His  fol- 
lowers claimed  that  the  salary  of  the  governor  was  too  high,  the  State  senate  was  aristo- 
cratic, the  lawyers  extortionate,  taxes  burdensome,  and  money  scarce.  They  demanded 
paper  money  a  legal  tender,  and  that  the  General  Court  should  be  moved  from  Boston. 
In  December,  1786,  Daniel  Shays  appeared  at  Worcester  with  an  armed  force,  also  at 
Springfield,  and  prevented  the  holding  of  the  courts  at  those  places.  The  State  forces, 
under  Capt.  Shepard  and  Gen  Lincoln  (1786),  made  short  work  of  the  rebellion,  and 
scattered  the  rebels. 

It  was  in  this  "emergency  of  publick  affairs"  that  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  volunteered  its  service  for  the  maintenance  of  law  and  order.  They 
were  ready  for  field  service.  The  necessary  arrangements  were  made.  Col.  Waters 
(1769)  was  appointed  adjutant,  and  John  Warren,  M.  D.,  a  celebrated  surgeon,  was 
appointed  surgeon  to  the  Company.  No  detailed  account  of  their  service  exists,  but 
they  did  all  that  the  State  asked  of  them.  The  rebellion  was  crushed  before  it  had 
gathered  sufficient  unity  or  strength  to  seriously  endanger  the  public  welfare. 

The  following  newspaper  items  throw  some  light  on  the  part  taken  by  the  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  the  stirring  events  of  that  time  :  — 

"  Boston,  Saturday  October  28,  1786.  The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany, under  Major  Bell  [1760],  the  Independent  Light  Infantry  under  Capt  Otis,  have 
offered  their  services  as  volunteers.  To  them  and  to  the  Independent  Cadets  much  credit 
is  due  for  the  alacrity  with  which,  at  their  own  expense,  they  have  furnished  themselves 
with  the  necessary  equipage,  and  the  zeal  they  discover  for  endeavoring  to  secure  to  the 
good  people  of  this  Commonwealth  the  quiet  enjoyment  of  their  constitutional  rights." 

"Boston,  Wednesday  Nov.  r,  1786.  We  are  told,  that  his  Excellency,  the  Captain 
General,  has  acquainted  Major  Gen  Brooks  [1786]  that  he  will  this  day  at  twelve  oclock, 
at  Cambridge,  review  the  troops  under  his  command,  now  assembled  at  that  place,  which 
we  are  told  amount  to  about  1300,  composing  two  regiments  of  Infantry,  three  companies 
of  artillery  and  a  troop  of  horse.  We  are  likewise  told  that  the  Independent  Cadets, 
Light  Infantry,  &c,  from  this  town,  will  attend  the  review." 


194  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I?86 

"Boston,  Wednesday,  Nov.  i,  1786.  Of  Tuesday,  —  of  Cambridge  —  and  the 
Supreme  Court  —  and  the  Insurgents — and  the  military  of  every  description  —  the 
Cadets  —  the  Artillery  —  the  Light  Infantry  —  and  the  camp  equipage  &c.  &c.  &c,  — 
which  have  engrossed  the  attention  of  all  orders,  degrees  and  conditions,  from  Thursday 
morning  until  Monday  night — what  must  we  say?  —  That  Tuesday  came  —  that  the 
Court  sat  —  that  the  military,  to  the  amount  of  1300,  like  Caesar,  veni,  vidi,  via,  —  came, 
saw  (nothing)  and  overcame  all  opposition  —  that  everything  wore  the  appearance  of  a 
brilliant  parade  —  and  that  the  Insurgents  were  not  to  be  found." 

"  Boston,  Saturday,  November  4,  1786.  This  being  the  week  for  the  Supreme  Court 
to  sit  at  Cambridge,  his  Excellency  the  Governor  thought  fit  to  order  a  military  force  of 
three  regiments  of  Middlesex  militia,  and  several  companies  of  artillery  to  march  to  that 
place  to  protect  them.  On  Wednesday  morning,  the  General  having  given  the  proper 
orders,  sent  an  invitation  to  the  Supreme  Court,  requesting  their  company  at  the  review 
of  the  troops,  there  assembled  for  their  defence.  By  noon  the  line  was  formed,  extend- 
ing from  the  church  in  Cambridge,  across  the  Common,  near  a  mile,  and  composed, 
besides  the  several  corps  already  mentioned,  of  the  following  from  the  first  division,  who 
were  ordered  by  the  Captain  General  to  march  to  Cambridge,  in  order  for  a  review  with 
the  troops  there  assembled,  viz  :  The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  under 
Major  Bell  [1756];  Lieut  Col  Bradfords  Independent  Cadets;  Captain  Otis's  Light 
Infantry ;  and  Major  Gibb's  Light  Horse  ;  Major  Spooners  Company  of  Artillery  from 
Roxbury  and  Colonel  Bedlams  Artillery  from  Dorchester. 

"  About  half  past  twelve  o'clock  General  Jackson,  who,  we  are  told,  is  appointed 
Adjutant  General  of  the  State,  arrived  at  Cambridge  to  acquaint  the  General  of  the 
approach  of  his  Excellency,  who  arrived  about  one  o'clock  at  the  University,  accom- 
panied by  the  Hon.  Council,  the  French  and  Dutch  Consuls,  Major  North,  and  several 
other  gentlemen  in  the  civil  and  military  line.  The  Captain  General  being  informed  by 
Col  Hull  [1788],  who  cheerfully  undertook,  and  with  great  skill,  executed  the  office  of 
Adjutant- General,  that  the  troops  were  in  readiness,  proceeded  to  the  review. 

"  On  his  Excellency's  arrival  on  the  right  of  the  line,  he  received  a  federal  salute 
from  Major  Spooner's  artillery :  after  which  he  reviewed  the  troops  in  the  following 
order  :  — 

"Major  Gibb's  horse ;  on  the  right  of  which  were  the  Major  General,  his  aids,  &c  : 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Bradfords  Independent  Cadets  and  Volunteers ;  Captain  Otis's  Light 
Infantry ;  Artillery ;  Capt  Kents  new  raised  corps ;  Ancient  and  Honorable ;  Major 
Spooners ;  Major  Badlams ;  Charlestown  company  under  Major  Calder ;  Major  Browns 
Infantry;  Colonel  Grants  regiment  (the  1")  ;  Colonel  Lamson's  (the  3d)  and  Colonel 
Bryants  (the  2ni)  which  formed  the  left  of  the  line. 

"  After  this  review,  his  Excellency  and  suite  went  to  the  Court  House,  and  again 
reviewed  the  troops  on  their  march  into  town,  from  whence  they  immediately  returned 
to  the  parade." 

"Boston,  Wednesday,  November  29.  1786.  The  following  division  orders,  we  are 
told,  were  issued  by  Major  General  Lincoln  [1786]  on  Monday  last :  — 

"  The  Major  General  directs  that  at  the  moment,  authentic  information  shall  be 
received  (which  will  be  announced  by  the  discharge  of  three  cannon  on  Fort  Hill)  that 
the  insurgents  are  embodying  themselves  at  Cambridge,  the  Independent  Cadets,  Inde- 
pendent Light  Infantry,  and  the  Republican  volunteers  are  to  take  post  at  the  south  end 


i786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 95 

of  Charles  River  Bridge  :  These  corps  are  to  be  relieved  as  soon  as  possible  by  the 
regiment  in  this  town.  The  Company  of  Artillery  will  take  post  with  them  at  the  Bridge  ; 
the  corps  relieved  will  advance  to  Charlestown  neck.  The  Horse  are  to  be  in  advance, 
one  division  of  them  is  to  take  post  on  the  road  leading  from  Cambridge  to  Medford. 
The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  will  take  post  at  the  fortification." 

On  Saturday,  Dec.  2,  1786,  it  was  announced  in  the  Boston  press  that  the  corps  of 
Volunteer  horse,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Hitchborn,  had  safely  returned,  after 
having  achieved  the  object  of  their  expedition  by  the  capture  of  Shattuck,  Parker,  and 
Page,  "  who  have  been  indefatigable  fomenters  of  sedition  in  the  county  of  Middlesex." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1786  were:  John  Avery,  Jr., 
Jonathan  Balch,  Ebenezer  Battelle,  William  Bordman,  Jr.,  Joseph  Coffin  Boyd,  John 
Brazer,  John  Brooks,  William  Brown,  Thomas  Clark,  John  Coolidge,  Andrew  Cunning- 
ham, William  Cunningham,  Edward  Curtis,  Isaac  Davenport,  Amasa  Davis,  Caleb  Davis, 
Robert  Davis,  Samuel  Emery,  Joshua  Farrington,  Joseph  Ford,  Richard  Gardner,  Samuel 
Gore,  Francis  Green,  Samuel  Greenough,  Samuel  Hastings,  Zechariah  Hicks,  Alexander 
Hodgdon,  John  Johnston,  James  Lanman,  Benjamin  Lincoln,  John  Lucas,  John  May, 
Jonas  Clark  Minot,  Thomas  Newell,  Jr.,  Andrew  Oliver,  Turner  Phillips,  Henry  Prentiss, 
Russell  Sturgis,  Samuel  Todd,  Pepperell  Tyler,  Thomas  Wells,  John  Winslow. 

John  Avery,  Jr.  (1786),  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Mary  Avery,  was  born  Sept.  2, 
1739.  His  father  was  a  justice  in  Boston.  John,  Jr.  (1786),  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1759.  He  was  published  to  marry  (1)  Miss  Mary  Cushing,  March  23,  1769, 
ajid-(^_HarrietAV-illiamv'March-2^-i-7-99C  He  was  a  member  of  the  West  Church,  and 
held  the  office  of  deacon.  Oct.  25,  1774,  he  was  one  of  the  ten  persons  added  to  the 
committee  "  to  consider  of  Ways  &  Means  for  employing  the  poor  Sufferers  by  the 
operation  of  the  Boston  Port  Bill,  so  called."  In  1780,  he  succeeded  Samuel  Adams  as 
secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  and  held  that  office  until  his  decease. 
He  was  also  secretary  of  the  Massachusetts  Humane  Society,  and  was  buried  on  the  day 
of  its  semi-annual  meeting.  Their  orator,  in  the  midst  of  his  discourse,  alluded  to  the 
funeral  knell  which  called  them  to  pay  their  respects  to  their  worthy  officer,  "  an  early, 
active,  and  important  member  of  the  society."  Sept.  21,  1793,  he  was  recording  secre- 
tary of  the  Massachusetts  Society  for  the  Promotion  of  Agriculture.  He  resided  on 
"  Newbury  Street,  corner  Sheaf's  lane,"  now  corner  Washington  and  Avery  streets.  He 
died  at  Boston,  June  7,  1806,  aged  sixty-seven  years. 

"Died  on  Saturday  last,  John  Avery  Esq.  [1786]  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth 
of  Massachusetts  aged  67  years. 

"  The  two  Houses  of  the  Legislature,  after  an  expression  of  their  grief  for  the  loss 
which  the  public  has  sustained  in  the  recent  demise  of  the  late  Secretary  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, Voted  unanimously  to  attend  his  funeral  and  to  invite  Gov.  Strong,  Lieut 
Gov.  Robbins  and  the  Honorable  Council  to  attend  the  same." 

The  formation  of  the  funeral  procession  is  then  given  in  detail,  and  the  article  con- 
cludes as  follows  :  — 

"  In  all  the  political  changes  which  have  taken  place  in  Massachusetts  since  the 
adoption  of  the  present  constitution  in  1780,  such  has  been  the  sense  of  all  parties  of  the 
rectitude  and  ability  with  which  Mr.  Avery  [1786]  has  discharged  all  the  duties  of  Secre- 

John  Avery,  Jr.  (1786).     Authority:  Boston  Records. 


l9&  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  j-,7g6 


tary  of  State  that,  if  our  memory  serves  us,  in  all  that  period  he  has  been  annually  unani- 
mously elected  to  that  office.  In  all  the  social  and  domestic  duties,  he  was  a  man  of 
superior  excellence."  ' 

Jonathan  Balch  (1786)  was  a  pump  and  block  maker  in  Boston.  He  "was  the 
proprietor  of  a  large  establishment,  as  pump  and  block  maker,  at  the  head  of  Balch's 
Wharf,  at  the  north  part  of  the  town.  For  a  long  time  he  stood  at  the  head  of  all  that  fol- 
lowed the  same  business.  He  was  a  man  of  considerable  wealth,  and  (what  was  rare  for 
a  mechanic  of  those  days)  owned  and  occasionally  occupied  a  mansion-house  and  garden 
in  the  country.  [This  estate  was  in  Dorchester,  and  was  afterward  owned  by  Mr. 
Marshall  P.  Wilder  (1828).]  He  was  one  of  the  most  substantial  of  citizens  and  main- 
tained through  life  a  character  for  honesty  and  integrity.  He  lived  liberally,  and  con- 
tributed much  to  the  elevation  and  standing  of  the  mechanics  by  his  promptness  in 
business  and  gentlemanly  deportment." 

His  place  of  business  was  on  Balch's  Wharf,  and  he  lived  in  Hawkins  Street.  A 
Jonathan  Balch  joined  the  Old  South  Church  April  7,  1765;  Jonathan  (1786)  was 
second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1792. 

Ebenezer  Battelle  (1786),  —  the  name  is  spelled  Battle  in  the  early  Dedham  records, 
—  of  Dedham,  son  of  Col.  Ebenezer  and  Prudence  (Draper)  Battelle,  was  born  in  that 
town,  Feb.  4,  1754,  and  was  baptized  "in  private,  the  child  being  sick,"  in  the  First 
Church,  by  Rev.  Samuel  Dexter,  Feb.  15  next  following.  Dec.  25,  1774,  it  is  recorded  in 
the  admissions  to  that  church,  "  Ebenezer  Battle,  Jr.,  student  of  Harvard  College."  He 
graduated  from  that  institution  in  1775, and  married  Anna  Durant,  of  Boston.  "Ebenezer, 
son  of  Ebenezer  Battle,  Esq.  [1786],  and  Anna  his  wife,"  was  born  in  Dedham,  Aug.  9, 
1778,  nearly  two  years  after  the  death  of  Col.  Ebenezer  Battelle.  At  that  time,  though 
but  twenty-four  years  of  age,  Ebenezer  Battelle  (1786)  must  have  been  a  man  of  prom- 
inence and  ability  to  have  been  called  "  Esquire  "  in  the  town  records.  The  father  and 
son  served  in  the  Revolutionary  War.  Ebenezer,  Sr.,  was  captain  of  a  Dedham  company 
which  marched  in  answer  to  the  alarm  of  April  19,  1775,  and  Ebenezer,  Jr.  (1786),  was 
a  volunteer  at  the  battle  of  Lexington.  Subsequent  to  the  death  of  the  father,  Nov.  6, 
1776,  Ebenezer,  Jr.  (1786),  served  nineteen  days  at  Castle  Island,  Dec.  11  to  Dec.  30, 
1776;  went  on  the  expedition  to  Providence,  R.  I.,  May  8  to  July  8,  1777  ;  re-enlisted, 
and  served  from  March  23  to  April  5,  1778,  and  was  commissioned  captain  of  the  Eighth 
Company  in  the  Suffolk  Regiment,  July  2,  1778.     He  was  promoted  to  be  major,  April  1, 

1780,  and  became  colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment  in  1784. 

The  time  of  his  removal  to  Boston  is  unknown.  Feb.  1,  1785,  it  is  announced  in  the 
Columbian  Centinel  that  "Ebenezer  Battelle  [1786]  has  removed  his  book-store  from 
State  Street  to  No.  10  Marlborough  Street,"  and  March  9,  1785,  that  newspaper  adver- 
tises, "  Now  selling  at  the  Boston  book-store,  opposite  the  southeast  corner  of  the  State 
House,  from  where  E.  Battelle,  Esq.  [1786],  has  lately  removed,  an  assortment  of  books," 
etc.     He  probably  removed  to  Boston  soon  after  the  birth  of  his  son  Thomas,  March  18, 

1781,  as  the  birth-dates  of  his  children  born  afterward  are  not  recorded  in  Dedham. 

Jonalhan  Balch  (17861.    Authorities:  Bos-  Ebenezer  Battelle   (1786).     Authorities: 

ton  Records;  Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Asso-  Boston  Records;  Mass.  Rev.  Archives;  Battelle 
ciation.  Gen.  Record,  1889. 

1  Columbian  Centinel,  June  11,  1806. 


1786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 97 

The  following  receipt,  on  file  in  Boston,  is  printed  in  the  Record  Commissioner's 
Report,  No.  25  :—  •    _  "Boston  Sept.  18.  1781. 

"  Received  of  the  Selectmen  of  Boston  four  hundred  &  forty  Shirts,  440  pr  Hose, 
440  pr.  Shoes — 220  Blankets  on  behalf  of  said  Town,  agreable  to  a  Resolve  of  the 
General  Court  passed  June  22d,  1781.  Ebenezer  Battelle,  '  Agent." 

Jan.  10,  1786,  Gens.  Rufus  Putnam  and  Benjamin  Tupper  issued  a  public  notice 
in  the  Boston  press,  for  the  formation  of  "The  Ohio  Company,"  and  in  that  year 
Gen.  Putnam  made  the  first  survey  of  lands  northwest  of  the  Ohio  River.  In  November, 
1787,  he  was  appointed  superintendent  of  the  affairs  of  the  Ohio  Company,  and  active 
measures  were  taken  for  the  settlement  of  these  distant  lands.  In  April,  1788,  the 
westward  movement  began,  when,  under  the  direction  of  the  Ohio  Company,  a  party  of 
forty  emigrants,  with  their  families,  chiefly  from  Massachusetts,  established  the  first  per- 
manent white  settlement  in  Ohio.  Col.  Ebenezer  Battelle  (1786),  a  member  of  the 
Ohio  Company,  and  family,  were  of  this  pioneer  party,  and  were  among  the  founders  of 
Marietta  in  May,  1788.  He  died  at  Newport,  Ohio,  in  1815,  at  the  home  of  his  son 
Ebenezer.  His  remains  were  buried  in  the  village  churchyard,  at  Newport,  where  lie  the 
remains  of  many  of  his  descendants  of  three  generations.  Anna  (Durant)  Battelle  was 
buried  at  sea. 

William  Bordman,  Jr.  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  William  Bord- 
man  (1758)  and  Susanna,  his  wife,  was  born  May  1,  1760.  He  married,  June  2,  1785, 
Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  of  Caleb  Davis  (1786).  She  died  Dec.  14,  1790.  In  1789, 
his  store  was  on  the  north  side  of  the  market,  and  he  lived  on  Sudbury  Street;  in  1796, 
he  was  in  business  on  Merchants  Row,  and  he  lived  on  Hanover  Street.  He  also  was 
identified  with  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  Boston  regiment  in 
1784.     His  brother,  Thomas  Stoddard  Bordman,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1774. 

Capt.  Bordman  (1786)  became  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and 
A.  M.,  of  Boston,  Feb.  8,  1790. 

Joseph  Coffin  Boyd  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  captain  of  a  company  in  the 
Boston  regiment  in  1791.  He  removed  to  Portland,  where  he  became  captain  of  a 
company  of  volunteers,  and  died  in  May,  1823,  aged  sixty-three  years,  while  holding  the 
office  of  treasurer  of  the  State  of  Maine. 

Mr.  Boyd  (1786)  was  admitted  a  member  of  Portland  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of 
Portland,  Feb.  10,  1795,  at  the  time  of  its  reorganization.  He  was  then  elected  secretary, 
and  served  until  Jan.  20,  1802,  when  a  memorandum  on  the  records  states  "the  secretary 
will  be  absent  for  awhile."  He  was  present,  however,  March  17,  1802,  and  very  soon 
after  sailed  for  France. 

John  Brazer  (1786),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Alice  (Phillips) 
Brazer,  was  born  in  Charlestown,  April  8,  1753.  He  married  (published  Sept.  20,  1774) 
Mary  Grubb.     In  early  life  he  learned  the  trade  of  ship  carpentry,  but  after  the  Revolu- 

William  Bordman,  Jr.  (1786).  Authority:  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  gives 

Boston  Records.  this  name  as  Ebenezer  Brattle.     It  has  occasioned 

John    Brazer   (1786).     Authorities:    Wy-  great  inconvenience  and  misunderstanding.     In  the 

man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;   Whit-  original  record  book  of  the  Artillery  Company  for 

man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company;    Early  Masonic  1786  may  be  seen  the  autographs  of  those  persons 

Records.  who  joined  the  Company  that   year,    and   among 

1  Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  them  is  plainly  written,  "  Eben'  Battelle." 


198  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [i786 

tion  he  kept  store.  From  1775  until  the  close  of  the  war  he  resided  in  Cambridge ;  after- 
ward in  Boston.  His  place  of  business  was,  in  1789  at  No.  3,  and  in  1796  at  No.  1,  Dock 
Square.  He  lived  over  the  last-named  store.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1789,  ensign  in  1794,  the  third  captain  of  the  Independent  Fusileers, 
serving  in  1797-9,  also  in  1802-3,  a"d  was  captain  of  the  sublegion  of  light  infantry  in 
1800,  1804,  and  1805.  "He  was  an  eccentric  character,  a  violent  partisan,  wealthy,  and 
a  great  patron  of  the  drama."  He  was  the  principal  originator  of  the  Second  Universa- 
list  Church  in  Boston,  which  was  incorporated  Dec.  13,  18 16,  and  held  its  first  public 
meeting  Jan.  25,  1817.  In  the  latter  year,  a  meeting  house  was  erected  by  it  in  School 
Street,  where  the  School  Street  Block  now  stands,  nearly  opposite  City  Hall  Capt. 
Brazer  (1786)  was  identified  with  the  church  until  his  decease,  which  occurred  May  7, 
1828,  aged  seventy-five  years.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity.  Jan.  8, 
1784,  he  attended  the  constitution  of  King  Solomon's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,at  Charles- 
town,  and  June  2,  1791,  he  is  given,  in  the  return  of  officers  of  Rising  States  Lodge,  as 
treasurer  of  that  Lodge.  His  son-in-law,  Lieut.  Ezra  Davis,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1801,  and  his  grandson,  John  Brazer  Davis,  in  1821. 

John  Brooks  (1786),  physician,  of  Medford,  son  of  Caleb  and  Ruth  (Albree) 
Brooks,  was  born  in  Medford  in  May,  1752.  He  married,  in  1774,  Lucy  Smith,  of  Read- 
ing, who  died  Sept.  26,  1791,  aged  thirty-eight  years.  He  died  March  1,  1825.  They 
had  three  children,  two  of  whom  were  boys,  viz.,  Alexander  S,  born  Oct.  19,  1781,  who 
was  killed  by  the  explosion  of  a  steamboat  in  1836,  and  John,  born  May  20,  1783,  who  fell 
at  the  battle  of  Lake  Erie,  Sept.  10,  1813. 

John  Brooks  (1786),  son  of  a  farmer,  attended  the  town  school,  and  such  was  his 
proficiency  that  Dr.  Simon  Tufts,  a  practitioner  in  Medford,  took  him,  at  the  age  of 
fourteen  years,  into  his  family,  to  educate  him  for  the  medical  profession.  He  continued 
until  he  was  twenty-one  years  old  under  the  tuition  of  Dr.  Tufts,  showing  meantime  a 
a  taste  for  military  exercises,  with  a  disposition  remarkably  gentle  and  attractive. 

In  1772-3,  he  settled  in  the  town  of  Reading,  and  began  the  practice  of  medicine. 
He  was  married  soon  after,  and  set  out  in  life  surrounded  by  flattering  circumstances. 
Nevertheless  he  was  quick  to  hear  the  mutterings  of  the  approaching  storm.  A  company 
of  minute-men  was  raised  in  Reading,  and  he  was  chosen  to  command  it.  On  the  morn- 
ing of  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  Rev.  Mr.  Foster  asked  Capt.  Brooks  (1786),  "at  sun- 
rise," if  he  were  going  to  Concord,  and  when.  "  Immediately,"  was  the  answer.  He 
ordered  out  his  company,  proceeded  to  Concord,  and,  arriving  there,  met  the  British  on 
their  retreat.  He  hung  on  their  rear  and  flanks,  and  followed  them  until  their  arrival  at 
Charlestown.  Col.  Phinney  says,  the  British,  "a  little  to  the  eastward  of  the  village, 
received  a  heavy  fire  from  the  Reading  minute-men,  under  Capt.  John  Brooks  [1786]." 
June  16,  1775,  he  was  active  during  the  night  in  throwing  up  entrenchments,  and  on 
the  morrow  he  was  absent  from  the  battle,  having  been  sent,  on  foot,  —  as  a  horse  could 
not  be  had,  —  by  Col.  Prescott,  to  inform  Gen.  Ward  of  the  expected  movement,  and  the 
need  of  reinforcements.  "The  corps  he  commanded  were  distinguished  during  the 
whole  war  for  the  superiority  of  their  discipline,  evinced  by  their  gallant  conduct  in 

John  Brooks  (1786).    Authorities:  Colum-  and  Mr.  Usher;   Memorials  of  the  Mass.  Society  of 

bian  Centinel,  March  5,   1825;   Quarterly  Review,  the  Cincinnati;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com- 

Vol.  XIV.,  1842;   New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  pany,  Ed.  1842. 
1865;    Hists.  of  Medford,  by  Mr.  Charles  Brooks 


1786J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  1 99 

battle,  and  by  their  regular  movements  in  retreat.  He  was  second  only  to  the  cele- 
brated Baron  Steuben  in  his  knowledge  of  tactics.  After  this  officer  joined  our  army, 
and  was  appointed  inspector-general,  we  find  that  Gen.  Brooks  [1786]  was  associated 
with  him  in  the  arduous  duty  of  introducing  a  uniform  system  of  exercise  and  manoeuvres 
into  the  army."  After  the  battle  of  Lexington,  he  was  appointed  major  in  a  regiment  of 
minute-men,  and  at  the  age  of  twenty-two,  a  field  officer  in  the  Continental  line,  and  rose 
to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  discharged  with  the 
brevet  commission  of  colonel.  The  regiment  was  first  called  "Jackson's  Regiment," 
after  its  colonel,  and  gained  the  camp  name  of  the  "  Bloody  Eighth,  —  the  first  in,  and 
the  last  out,  of  battle."  This  regiment  took  a  distinguished  part  in  the  battle  of  Sara- 
toga, and  was  then,  and  during  most  of  the  war,  commanded  by  Col.  Brooks  (1786). 
On  the  surrender  of  Burgoyne,  Col.  Brooks  (1786)  joined  the  army  under  Gen.  Washing- 
ton, and  suffered  all  the  privations  and  hardships  of  Valley  Forge.  He  was  actively 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  White  Plains,  and,  in  the  memorable  battle  of  Monmouth,  he 
was  adjutant-general  of  the  advanced  column  of  the  army.  At  the  termination  of  the 
war,  Col.  Brooks  (1786)  returned  to  private  life,  rich  in  honor  and  glory,  and  universally 
respected  and  loved. 

Col.  Brooks  (1786)  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity.  He  was  present  at 
the  quarterly  communication  of  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  at  Freemason's  Hall,  in 
Boston,  March  2,  1781,  when  he  "laid  before  the  Grand  Lodge  a  List  of  the  Officers  and 
Members  of  Washington  Lodge  for  this  Year."  In  that  list  Col.  John  Brooks  (1786) 
is  recorded  as  master.  Washington  Lodge  was  in  the  American  army  during  the  Revo- 
lution, and  was,  therefore,  what  is  termed  "  a  Travelling  Lodge."  That  Lodge  was  char- 
tered Oct.  6,  1779,  and  Gen.  William  Hull  (1788)  was  its  first  junior  warden.  It  was 
borne  upon  the  Grand  Lodge  roll  until  Dec.  8,  1785,  when  it  was  reported  as  extinct. 
In  1780,  Col.  Brooks  (1786)  delivered  a  Masonic  oration  at  West  Point,  in  the  presence 
of  Gen.  Washington,  who,  with  many  officers  of  the  army,  were  members  of  the 
Fraternity. 

Upon  the  organization  of  the  militia,  after  the  war,  he  was  appointed  major-general 
of  the  Middlesex  Division,  which  office  he  held  during  ten  years.  He  was  the  successor 
of  Gen.  Hull  (1788)  in  the  command  of  that  division,  a  great  number  of  the  companies  of 
which  he  assembled  on  Cambridge  Common  to  be  reviewed  by  the  President  of  the 
United  States  in  1789.  Gen.  Washington,  after  passing,  the  line,  and  observing  their 
military  conduct  and  appearance,  made  the  complimentary  remark  to  Gen.  Brooks 
(1786),  in  allusion  to  our  final  success  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  "Ah!  General,  if 
we  had  had  such  troops  as  these,  we  should  have  made  short  work  of  it." 

In  the  suppression  of  Shays'  Rebellion  he  was  actively  engaged.  During  the 
War  of  1812-4,  Gen.  Brooks  (1786)  sustained  the  arduous  and  important  office  of 
adjutant-general  of  Massachusetts,  which  office  he  held  until  1816,  when  he  was  elected 
governor  of  Massachusetts.  Seven  years,  successively,  he  filled  this  honorable  office  with 
dignity,  impartiality,  and  energy,  at  the  end  of  which  time  he  voluntarily  declined  another 
term. 

Soon  after  his  return  from  the  Revolutionary  War,  he  recommenced  the  practice  of 
medicine  in  Medford  and  the  adjoining  towns.  He  became  interested  in  the  Massachu- 
setts Medical  Society  in  the  year  1803,  when  he  was  elected  counsellor,  and  in  1808  he 
delivered  an  anniversary  discourse  before  that  society.  After  his  service  as  governor  of 
this  commonwealth,  he  was  elected  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Medical  Society.    He 


200  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,786 

was  also  a  representative,  senator,  councillor,  and  elector  of  president  and  vice-presi- 
dent. He  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed  and  adopted  the  federal 
constitution  of  Massachusetts.  He  was  appointed,  by  Washington,  marshal  for  this 
district,  and  subsequently  was  inspector  of  revenue.  Yale  College  conferred  upon  him 
the  honorary  degree  of  A.  M.,  in  1781,  and  Harvard  did  likewise  in  1787.  The  latter 
also  conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  M.  D.,  in  1810,  and  of  LL.  D.  in  18 17.  He  was 
prominent  in  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati,  was  elected  to  deliver  the  first  oration  before 
it,  July  4,  1787,  and  on  the  death  of  its  first  president,  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786),  Gen.  Brooks 
(1786)  was  elected  to  that  highly  honorable  office.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  president  of  the  Washington  Monument  Association,  of 
the  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Association,  and  of  the  Bible  Society  of  Massachusetts. 

Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786)  was  the  first  member  admitted  into  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany after  its  revival  in  1786,  and  he  was  twice  elected  as  commander,  namely,  in  1787 
and  1794-  In  the  language  of  Rev.  Mr.  Deane,  in  his  Artillery  sermon  in  1816,  the  first 
public  appearance  of  Gen.  Brooks  (1786)  as  governor:  "Here  we  behold  the  wise  and 
virtuous  ruler  in  the  midst  of  his  subjects ;  like  the  father  of  a  family,  inspiring  love  and 
respect  by  his  presence,  deriving  the  strength  of  his  government  from  his  sacred  regard 
to  their  happiness,  and  receiving  from  them  the  homage  of  the  heart,  and  not  of  com- 
pulsion." 

His  final  illness  was  neither  long  nor  painful.  He  probably  caught  a  severe  cold 
while  attending  the  funeral  of  his  successor,  Gov.  Eustis,  whom  he  survived  but  a  few 
days.  He  bore  his  illness  calmly,  and  said,  "  My  case  is  beyond  physicians.  I  have 
received  my  orders  :  I  am  ready  to  march."  He  died  at  Medford,  March  1,  1825,  aged 
seventy-three  years,  and  was  buried  March  3.  Medford  appeared  clad  in  mourning  ;  all 
business  was  suspended  ;  the  shops  were  closed.  His  body  was  carried  into  the  meeting- 
house, which  was  filled  by  his  townsfolk,  of  all  ages  and  both  sexes,  with  strangers  of 
distinction.  Above  ninety  members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  in  citizens'  dress,  under 
command  of  Col.  Gibbens  (1810),  attended  the  funeral. 

In  Gov.  Brooks's  (1786)  family  are  several  commemorative  swords.  One,  called  the 
"  straight,  gilt,  scabbard  sword,"  has  the  following  inscription  :  — 

"To  His  Excellency  John  Brooks,  commander  in  chief  of  the  Militia  of  Massachu- 
setts, and  twice   Commander  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  :  This 
sword  is  most  respectfully  presented  by  that  ancient  corps,  in  full  confidence  that  it  will 
be  wielded  with  glory  and  success  in  war,  and  be  preserved  untarnished  in  peace." 
On  the  other  side  is  the  following  :  — 

"  Presented  on  the  field,  in  Boston,  June  2,  1817,  and  on  the  180th  Anniversary  of 
the  Institution." 

The  sword  worn  by  Col.  Brooks  (1786)  in  the  battle  at  Saratoga,  Oct.  7,  1777,  has 
been  presented  by  A.  S.  Rawson,  Esq.,  to  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society.  The 
sword  carried  by  Col.  Alexander  S.  Brooks,  through  the  War  of  18 12-4,  is  preserved. 
The  one  he  wore  at  the  time  of  his  death  was  captured  by  his  father  from  a  Hessian 
officer  in  one  of  the  battles  of  the  Revolution.  Another  sword,  belonging  to  Col. 
Alexander  S.  Brooks,  was  given  to  his  son  George  by  his  mother.  George  Brooks  was 
a  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Massachusetts  Heavy  Artillery,  in  1862,  at  Newbern,  N.  C. 

John,  the  son  of  Gov.  Brooks  (1786),  had  a  "long,  curved  sabre"  presented  to  him 
by  Lafayette,  in  Paris.  It  had  a  rich  sash  attached  to  it.  This  sabre  and  sash  were  on 
his  person  when  killed  in  the  naval  battle  on  Lake  Erie. 


i786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  201 

The  granite  pyramid  which  stands  in  the  old  burial-ground  in  Medford  bears  the 
following  inscription  :  — 

"Sacred  to  the  memory  of  John  Brooks  [1786],  who  was  born  in  Medford,  in  the 
month  of  May,  1752,  and  educated  at  the  town  school.  He  took  up  arms  for  his  country 
on  the  19th  of  April,  1775.  He  commanded  the  regiment  which  first  entered  the 
enemies'  lines  at  Saratoga,  and  served  with  honor  to  the  end  of  the  war.  He  was 
appointed  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Massachusetts  by  President  Washington ;  and,  after 
filling  several  important  civil  and  military  offices,  he  was,  in  the  year  1816,  chosen 
Governor  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  discharged  the  duties  of  that  station  for  seven 
successive  years  to  general  acceptance.  He  was  a  kind  and  skilful  physician  ;  a  brave 
and  prudent  officer  ;  a  wise,  firm,  and  impartial  magistrate  ;  a  true  patriot,  a  good  citizen, 
and  a  faithful  friend.  In  his  manner  he  was  a  gentlemen  ;  in  morals,  pure  ;  and  in  pro- 
fession and  practice,  a  consistent  Christian.  He  departed  this  life  in  peace,  on  the 
1st  of  March,  1825,  aged  seventy-three.  This  monument  to  his  memory  was  erected  by 
several  of  his  fellow-citizens  and  friends,  in  the  year  1838." 

William  Brown  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Mary  Brown,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Oct.  26,  1763.  He  resided  at  the  famous  "  Green  Stores,"  once  a  place 
of  extensive  business.  They  stood  on  the  site  of  the  Williams  Market.  "  In  July,  1775, 
when  the  siege  had  fairly  begun,  the  work  nearest  the  town  mounted  eight  twenty-four-, 
six  twelve-,  two  nine-,  and  seven  six-pound  guns,  and  was  called  during  the  siege,  'The 
Green  Store  Battery,'  from  the  warehouse  of  Deacon  Brown  [1786],  painted  that  color, 
which  stood  on  the  site  of  the  Williams  Market." 

Lieut.  Brown  (1786)  was  a  member  of  Hollis  Street  Church,  and  held  the  office  of 
deacon.  He  was  representative  for  Boston  in  the  General  Court,  also  a  senator.  "  A 
man  of  common  education  but  of  strong  mind  ;  popular  and  much  respected.  Although 
not  a  frequent  or  elegant  speaker,  yet  his  mild  manner  and  perfect  knowledge  of  human 
nature  rendered  him  a  powerful  legislator.  He  long  prevented  the  erection  of  the 
South  Boston  Free  Bridge,  while  his  ingenuity  circumvented  his  adversaries,  and 
obtained  the  bridge  above,  near  his  own  property,  and  originated  the  building  of  Front 
Street"  in  1806-7,  which,  in  1841,  was  called  Harrison  Avenue  in  honor  of  Gen. 
Harrison.  __ 

Thomas  Clark  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  Jonas  Clark,  of  Lexington, 
who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1768,  was  born  in  Lexington,  Sept.  27, 
1 759.1  He  married,  in  1782,  Sarah  Conant,  of  Charlestown.  She  died  April  16,  1822. 
Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says,  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  "The  first  time  Capt. 
Clark  put  on  a  military  coat  was  to  join  with  the  Cadets  in  firing  a  salute  on  the  news  of 
the  surrender  of  Burgoyne's  army."  His  store,  in  1789,  was  No.  22  Cornhill,  now 
Washington  Street. 

The  Cadets  disbanded  on  the  discharge  of  Col.  John  Hancock  by  Gov.  Gage,  in 
1774.  Subsequently,  a  new  company  of  volunteers  was  raised;  Col.  Henry  Jackson  was 
captain;  Benjamin  Hichborn,  lieutenant,  and  Perez  Morton,  ensign.  It  was  called  the 
"  Independent  Company,"  and  went  to  Newport,  R.  I.,  on  public  service.     Capt.  Clark 

William  Brown  (1786).  Authorities  :  Whit-  Genealogy;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com- 

man's    Hist.   A.   and    H.  A.  Company,  Ed.   1842;  pany,  Ed.  1842;   Boston  Records. 
Drake's  Old  Landmarks  of  Boston.  '  Clark   Genealogy  gives  July  6,  1758,  as  the 

Thomas  Clark  (1786).    Authorities:  Clark  date. 


202  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,786 

(1786)  was  a  member  of  this  new  company.  He  also  joined  the  Artillery  Company  on 
its  revival;  was  its  second  sergeant  in  1787  ;  clerk  in  1790,  1793-5,  1801-9;  lieutenant 
in  1792,  and  captain  in  1796. 

Upon  the  death  of  the  venerable  William  Cooper,  who  had  been  town  clerk  of  Bos- 
ton for  half  a  century,  there  were  numerous  popular  candidates  of  both  parties.  This 
created  a  warm  struggle.  Capt.  Clark  (1786)  had  become  infirm,  and  realized  little  from 
his  business  of  auctioneer  to  support  his  large  family.  Just  before  election,  a  few  friends 
suggested  him  as  a  candidate,  with  little  hope  of  success ;  but  no  sooner  was  his  name 
announced  than  the  Artillery  Company,  members  and  past  members,  rallied  to  his  sup- 
port, from  all  parties,  and  elected  him  by  a  decided  majority  over  all.  After  that  he  was 
elected  without  opposition  until  the  organization  of  the  city  government,  when  he  was 
assistant  city  clerk  and  clerk  of  the  common  council.  He  had  a  salary  of  seven  hun- 
dred and  fifty  dollars,  and  the  perquisite  of  marriage-publishment  fees,  said  to  amount  to 
one  thousand  dollars  annually.  He  died  at  Boston,  May  29,  1832,  aged  seventy-two 
years. 

John  Coolidge  (1786),  tailor,  of  Boston.  During  a  part  of  the  Revolutionary  War 
he  was  in  business  in  Worcester  with  his  brother-in-law,  William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768).  His 
place  of  business,  in  1789,  was  on  Market  Square.  He  became  lieutenant  in  the  militia 
in  1779,  and  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1791. 

John  Coolidge  (1786)  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  receiving  the 
degrees  in  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  in  1779.  He  attended  the  festival  of  St.  John  the 
Evangelist,  in  1778,  1779,  and  1780;  was  present  at  Grand  Lodge  on  other  occasions, 
and,  June  2,  1785,  was  returned  to  the  Grand  Body  as  junior  warden  of  Rising  States 
Lodge. 

Andrew  Cunningham  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Major  James  (1761)  and 
Elizabeth  (Boylston)  Cunningham,  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  16,  1760.  He  married,' 
Oct.  2,  1783,  Polly  Lewis,  sister  of  Mary,  who  married  Alexander  Hodgdon  (1786).  He 
was  active  in  town  affairs,  and  served  as  fireward  for  several  years.  He  resided  at  No. 
90  Newbury,  now  Washington,  Street.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1788,  first  sergeant  in  1795,  lieutenant  in  1789,  and  captain  in  1793.  He  was  adjutant 
of  the  Boston  regiment  from  1787  to  1789  ;  quartermaster  of  the  First  Division,  Massa- 
chusetts Volunteer  Militia,  from  1789  to  1793,  and  deputy  quartermaster-general  from 
1794  to  1801.  The  latter  part  of  his  life  he  was  engaged  in  the  insurance  business,  being 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Massachusetts  Mutual  Fire  and  Marine  Insurance  Company 
from  its  organization,  March  2,  1798,  until  his  decease.  He  died  at  Elm  Hill,  Roxbury, 
in  August,  1829,  aged  sixty-nine  years. 

William  Cunningham  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  James  (1761)  and 
Elizabeth  (Boylston)  Cunningham,  was  born  in  Boston.  He  married  Miss  Lois  May, 
March  1,  1790.  His  brother,  Major  Andrew,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  the  same  year 
(1786). 

William  Cunningham  (1786)  died  in  September,  1794,  aged  forty-seven  years. 

John  Coolidge  (1786).  Authorities:  Bos-  Boston  Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. 
ton  Records;   Early  Masonic  Records.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 

Andrew  Cunningham  (1786).  authorities: 


i786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  203 

Edward  Curtis  (1786),  leather-dresser,  of  Boston.  He  married  in  July,  1787,  Polly 
Marshall,  of  Boston.     He  lived  on  Washington  Street  in  1796. 

Isaac  Davenport  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  Davenport,  Jr.,  of 
Milton,  was  born  in  that  town  Nov.  12,  1753.  Samuel,  Jr.,  the  father,  was  on  the  jury 
that  tried  Capt.  Preston  in  the  case  of  the  Boston  Massacre,  Nov.  27,  1770.  Isaac  (1786) 
was  published,  July  7,  1787,  to  marry  Mary,  daughter  of  Samuel  May,  of  Boston.  Mr. 
Davenport  (1786)  was  a  partner  of  John  McLean,  in  Boston,  and  was  an  enterprising 
man.  He  left  two  children,  both  daughters.  He  lived  on  Orange,  now  Washington, 
Street.     He  died  in  Milton,  April  20,  1828. 

Amasa  Davis  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joshua  and  Sarah  (Pierpont) 
Davis,  was  born  in  1743,  and  died  Jan.  30,  1825,  aged  eighty-two  years. 

Hon.  Caleb  Davis  (1786)  and  Major  Robert  Davis  (1786)  were  brothers  of  Gen. 
Amasa  Davis  (1786).  The  last  named  resided  on  Orange,  now  Washington,  Street. 
In  1796,  his  store,  house,  and  lumber-yard  were  on  Orange  Street.  He  was  captain  of 
the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1795.  On  the  anniversary  which  closed 
his  year  of  service  as  captain,  he  presented  to  the  Artillery  Company,  by  the  hands  of 
his  daughter,  Miss  Catherine  Davis,  an  elegant  standard,  that  presented  by  Capt.  Barrett 
(1755)  having  been  in  constant  service  since  1771. 

Mr.  Davis  (1786)  was  much  interested  in  the  militia,  and  an  intimate  friend  of 
Gov.  Hancock.  In  1787,  he  became  quartermaster-general  of  this  commonwealth,  and 
held  that  office  until  his  decease,  in  1825.     His  wife,  Sarah,  died  in  August,  1794. 

"  In  this  city,  Gen.  Amasa  Davis,  at  an  advanced  age.  In  his  death  we  have 
lost  one  of  our  most  useful,  patriotic,  and  eminent  citizens :  and  the  State  an  officer 
who  sustained  the  important  station  of  quartermaster-general  with  distinguished  integrity 
and  success  nearly  forty  years."  ' 

Caleb  Davis  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joshua  and  Sarah  (Pierpont) 
Davis,  was  born  in  1738,  and  died  July  6,  1797,  aged  fifty-nine  years.  His  tomb  is 
No.  123  on  the  Common.  He  married  (published  Sept.  10,  1760)  Hannah  Ruggles; 
and  was  published  July  16,  1783,  to  marry  (2)  Mary  Ann  Bant,  of  Groton,  who  died 
Jan   n,  1787. 

Gen.  Amasa  Davis  (1786)  and  Major  Robert  Davis  (1786)  were  brothers  of  Hon. 
Caleb  Davis  (1786).  His  store  was  37  State  Street,  and  his  dwelling-house  on  Orange, 
now  Washington,  Street.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature  for  several  years,  being 
speaker  of  the  House  in  1780-1,  and  was  selected  in  1781-2,  but  resigned;  director  in 
the  Boston  branch  of  the  United  States  Bank  in  1793. 

The  Columbian  Centinel  said  of  him,  July  8,  1797  :  "  It  may  be  said  with  strict  truth, 
that  he  was  a  good  man  ;  exemplified  the  Christian  character  in  the  numerous  stations 
which  he  sustained  ;  served  his  generation  according  to  the  will  of  God  ;  rests  from  his 
labors." 

Isaac    Davenport     (1786).     Authorities:  Caleb  Davis  (1786).     Authorities:  Boston 

Teele's  Hist,  of  Milton;  N.  E.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  Records;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company, 

1879.  Ed.  1842. 

Amasa  Davis  (1786).    Authorities:  Boston  '  Columbian  Centinel,  Feb.  2,  1825. 

Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  &  H.  A.  Co.,  Ed.  1842. 


204  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7S6 

Robert  Davis  (1786),  merchant,  "importer  of  groceries,  wines,  and  liquors,"  of 
Boston,  son  of  Joshua  and  Sarah  (Pierpont)  Davis,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1747,  and  died 
Nov.  8,  1798.  He  married  (published  Oct.  13,  1768)  (1)  Anna  Cotes;  and,  (2)  Oct.  9, 
1776,  Mary  Farrington,  of  Dedham.  He  was  a  Son  of  Liberty,  a  member  of  the  Tea 
Party,  and  an  officer  in  Col.  Crafts's  (1765)  artillery  regiment,  taking  an  active  part  in 
the  expulsion  of  the' British  fleet  from  the  harbor  of  Boston,  and  attained  the  position  of 
captain,  with  the  rank  of  major,  of  the  Suffolk  County  Brigade  of  Artillery  in  1784.  He 
received  Lafayette  on  his  arrival  in  Boston,  Oct.  15,  1784,  with  military  honors,  and,  with 
his  command,  took  part  in  the  procession,  Oct.  20,  in  honor  of  Lafayette. 

Mr.  Davis  (1786)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  of 
Boston,  in  1777,  and  attended  the  festival  of  St.  John  the  Baptist  on  June  24  of  that 
year.  He  was  a  brother  of  Gen.  Amasa  (1786)  and  of  Caleb  (1786).  Robert  (1786) 
and  Josiah  Davis  were  store-keepers,  in  partnership,  on  what  is  now  Washington  Street. 
Robert  Davis  (1786)  resided  on  the  same  street. 

Samuel  Emery  (1786).  His  name  does  not  appear  on  the  Boston  Records.  He 
never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Joshua  Farrington  (1786),  merchant,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Prudence  Farrington,  of 
Dedham,  was  born  (baptized)  in  that  town,  Nov.  19,  1749,  and  was  published  to  marry 
Hannah  Jefferds,  of  Boston,  May  13,  1779.  He  kept  a  general  assortment  of  West  India 
goods,  at  No.  47  Long  Wharf.     Robert  Davis  (1786)  married  his  sister. 

He  was  identified  with  the  militia  of  Boston  for  several  years,  and  rose  to  the  rank 
of  lieutenant-colonel.  Under  general  orders  of  the  captain-general,  dated  Dec.  13,  1787, 
a  general  court-martial  was  convened  at  the  Bunch  of  Grapes  tavern,  Boston,  to  inquire 
into  the  conduct  of  Lieut.-Col.  Farrington  (1786),  of  the  Boston  regiment,  on  charges 
exhibited  against  him  by  Col.  John  May  (1786),  of  the  First  Regiment.  In  the  following 
spring,  Lieut.-Col.  Farrington  (1786)  was  "displaced,"  and  Col.  Winslow  (1786)  was 
commissioned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  Regiment,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia. 

Col.  Farrington  (1786)  died  at  Trinidad  in  February,  -1792. 

Joseph  Ford  (1786)  was  a  shop-keeper  in  Boston,  at  No.  65  Cornhill,  in  1789,  but 
in  1796  had  retired,  and  lived  on  Eliot  Street.  He  was  a  son  of  "Joseph  and  Perslla 
[Priscilla]  Ford,"  and  was  born  in  Braintree,  Sept.  18,  1740.  Aug.  14,  1772,  he  had,  in 
Boston,  a  wife  named  Hannah.  He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of 
captain. 

Capt.  Ford  (1786)  died  suddenly,  in  Boston,  Nov.  17,  1797,  aged  fifty-six  years. 

The  Columbian  Centinel  said  of  him  :  "  He  was  an  irreproachable  professor  of  the 
Christian  religion,  a  sincere  friend  to  his  country,  and  a  uniform  example  of  conscien- 
tious, kind,  and  inoffensive  behavior,  in  all  the  relations  of  domestic  and  public  life." 

Richard  Gardner  (1786),  yeoman,  of  Cambridge,  son  of  Thomas  and  Joanna  (Spar- 
hawk)  Gardner,  was  born  about  1757.  He  married  Hannah  Goldthwait  (published 
March  1,   1780).     Richard   (1786)   was  born  at  his  father's  residence,  "near  Union 

Robert  Davis  (17S6).     Authorities:  Boston  Joseph  Ford  (17S6).     Authorities:  Brain- 
Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  tree  and  Boston  Records. 
Ed.  1842;   Crane's  Tea  Leaves  of  1 77J.  Richard    Gardner    (1786).      Authorities: 

Joshua   Farrington    (1786).      Authority:  Swett's  Bunker  Hill  Battle,  pp.  40-55;  Paige's  Hist. 

Dedham  Records.  of  Cambridge,  p.  419. 


i786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  205 

Square,  in  the  southerly  parish  of  Cambridge,  which  afterwards  was  the  town  of 
Brighton." 

Thomas  Gardner  was  commissioned,  June  2,  1775,  colonel  of  a  regiment  which  he 
had  raised  for  the  Continental  Army.  He  led  this  regiment  into  the  battle  of  Bunker 
Hill,  where  he  received  a  mortal  wound.  He  gave  his  last  injunction  upon  the  field, 
exhorting  his  men  to  do  bravely,  and  was  carried  from  the  place  of  danger  to  one  of 
safety.  On  the  way,  he  was  met  by  his  son,  a  second  lieutenant  in  Capt.  Trevett's  com- 
pany, of  Col.  Gridley's  battalion  of  artillery,  a  youth  of  nineteen  years,  who  was  anxious 
to  assist  in  bearing  his  father  from  the  field.  His  heroic  father  prohibited  it,  and  told 
him  to  "  march  on  and  do  his  duty."  Col.  Gardner,  a  few  days  after  the  battle,  being 
asked  if  he  was  well  enough  to  see  his  son,  "Yes,"  answered  the  hero ;  "  if  he  has  done 
his  duty  !  "  He  had  the  satisfaction  to  see  him,  and  learn  that  he  bravely  distinguished 
himself. 

Col.  Gardner  lingered  until  July  3,  when  he  died.  On  the  5th  of  July  he  was  buried 
with  the  honors  of  war.  Gen.  Washington  took  command  of  the  army  at  Cambridge, 
July  3,  and  July  4  issued  an  order  in  regard  to  Col.  Gardner's  burial.  Richard's  (1786) 
brother,  Thomas,  was  slain  in  the  battle  of  the  19th  of  April,  1775. 

Mr.  Paige  remarks  that  "  no  trace  is  found  on  the  Cambridge  records  of  Col. 
Gardner's  parentage,  nor  the  birih-dates  of  his  children,  nor  do  the  probate  records 
refer  to  the  settlement  of  his  estates." 

Samuel  Gore  (1786),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  (1743)  and  Frances  (Pink- 
ney)  Gore,  was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  26,  1750-1.  He  married,  March  10,  1774,  Mary 
Pierce,  born  June  3,  1756,  daughter  of  Joseph  (1769)  and  Sarah  Pierce.  She  died  Oct. 
5,  1784,  and  he  married  Mrs.  Susanna  Seaver,  widow  of  Nathaniel,  by  whom  he  had  no 
issue.  By  his  first  wife  he  had  nine  children,  of  whom  was  Christopher  (1814).  Samuel 
Gore  (1786)  died  Nov.  23,  1831.1 

Samuel  (1786)  was  an  elder  brother  of  Christopher,  governor  of  Massachusetts. 
He  was  one  of  the  actors  in  throwing  the  tea  into  Boston  Harbor.  His  father,  being  a 
Tory,  left  Boston  with  the  British  Army  in  1776,  but  afterwards  returned.  The  son  was  an 
excellent  example  of  a  loyal,  vigorous  North  End  mechanic,  and  a  true  "son  of  liberty." 
His  shop  was  in  Court  Street,  at  the  corner  of  Gore's  Alley,  now  Brattle  Street. 

He  was  also  one  of  the  party  who  took  the  guns  from  the  gun-house  on  West  Street, 
and  secreted  them  in  the  school-house,  when  Major  Paddock  (1762)  intended  to  turn 
them  over  to  Gen.  Gage.  The  narration  of  that  event,  given  in  the  "  Hundred  Boston 
Orators,"  page  90,  purports  to  have  been  received  from  Mr.  Gore  (1786).  He  was  a 
member  of  Brattle  Street  Church,  and  for  years  one  of  its  deacons.  When  the  Brattle 
Street  meeting-house  was  taken  by  the  British  as  barracks,  Deacons  Gore  (1786)  and 
Newell  were  permitted  to  encase  the  pulpit  and  columns  and  remove  the  body  pews, 
which  were  conveyed  to  the  paint  loft  of  the  former. 

Samuel  Gore  (17S6).     Authorities:  Whit-  of  the  Revolution,  the  only  two  pieces  of  cannon 

more's  Genealogy  of  the   Gore   Family;    Loring's  then  in  the  town,  except  those  which  may. have  been 

One   Hundred  Boston  Orators;    New  Eng.   Mag.,  brought  by  the  British  troops.     He  was  also  one  of 

1832.  that  number  (and,  so  far  as  we  know,  has  left  but 

1  "In   this  city,  on  Wednesday,  Samuel  Gore  three  survivors)  who  on  the  16th  of  Dec.  1773  pro- 

Esq.  [17S6],  aged  81.     Mr.  G.  was  one  of  the  very  ceeded  to  the  tea  ships,  (which  were  at  the  wharf 

small  number  of  mechanics  who  obtained,  secured  now  called  Liverpool  Wharf,    then    Griffin's)    and 

and  sent  out  of  the  town  of  Boston,  when  it  was  in  destroyed    their    cargoes."  —  Columbian    Centinel, 

the  hands  of  British  power,  at  the  commencement  Saturday,  Nov.  26,  1831. 


206  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [-,786 

The  first  glass-works  in  Boston  were  located  in  what  is  now  Edinboro'  Street,  and 
were  established  in  1787.  After  many  embarrassments  the  company  began  the  manu- 
facture of  window-glass  in  November,  1793.  Mr-  Gore  (1786)  was  one  of  the  originators 
of  this  enterprise.  It  proved  a  speculation  in  which  he  lost  all  the  accumulations  of 
many  years  of  untiring  industry.  He  became  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St  Andrew  in 
1778,  and  was  the  first  treasurer  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 
He  was  ^considered  a  valuable  and  influential  member  of  this  association,  but  withdrew 
from  it  about  the  time  of  the  failure  of  the  glass  company.  He  was  a  man  of  superior 
intelligence,  kindness  of  heart,  and  courtesy  of  manner. 

Francis  Green  (1786),  glazier,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth  Green,  of 
Charlestown,  was  born  Jan.  18,  1750.  He  married  (1)  (published  April  29,  1773)  Eliza- 
beth Brown,  and  (2)  (published  Oct.  1,  1795)  Mary,  daughter  of  Benj.  Henderson. 
His  place  of  business  was  on  Ann  Street,  and  his  dwelling-house  on  Sheafe's  Lane,  now 
Avery  Street.     He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1787. 

He  was  commissioned  a  second  lieutenant  in  Col.  Paterson's  regiment,  March  27, 
1777;  first  lieutenant  in  Col.  Vose's  (first)  regiment;  commissioned  captain,  Aug.  30, 
1780;  deputy  muster-master,  in  Rhode  Island,  Feb.  12,  1778,  to  Jan.  T2,  1780,  and  left 
the  army  Nov.  3,  1783.  He  was  vice-president  of  the  Massachusetts  Society  of  the  Cin- 
cinnati, 1829-31.  His  son,  Ellis  B.  Green,  was  a  captain  of  a  company  in  the  Mexican 
War.     Francis  Green  (1786)  died  Sept.  2,  183 1,  aged  eighty-one  years. 

Samuel  Greenough  (1786),  shop-keeper,  of  Boston,  son  of  Major  Newman  (1740) 
•and  Elizabeth  (Montfort)  Greenough,  was  born  in  Boston  in  1748.  His  shop  was 
No.  69  Cornhill,  now  Washington  Street.  He  was  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1789,  and  its  first  sergeant  in  1792.  He  died  at  Dorchester,  Aug.  22,  1796,  aged  forty- 
eight  years,  and  on  "  the  following  day  he  was  buried  from  his  late  home  in  Dorchester." 
The  CVwA'w/adds,  "A  highly  valued  citizen  ...  a  worthy,  honest  man." 

Samuel  Hastings  (1786),  store-keeper,  of  Boston.  He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Ward 
n  military  company,  Boston,  in  1787-8,  and  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1791.  He  was  a  store-keeper  in  December,  1781,  when  he  paid  the  "duties 
of  excise  for  the  county  of  Boston,"  and  was  relicensed  for  the  year  next  following. 
The  Boston  directory  of  1789  calls. Samuel  Hastings  a  shop-keeper,  on  Newbury  Street, 
and  of  1796  calls  him  a  grocer,  Orange  Street,  house  Rainsford  Lane. 

Zechariah  Hicks  (1786),  saddler,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Nutting) 
Hicks,  was  born  in  Cambridge,  Feb.  28,  1755.  His  father  was  one  of  the  first  martyrs 
to  American  liberty,  having  been  slain  near  the  junction  of  North  Avenue  and  Spruce 
Street  by  the  retreating  British  troops,  April  19,  1775.  Lieut.  Hicks  (1786)  married 
his  wife  in  1779,  by  whom  he  had  fourteen  children,  seven  of  whom  were  living  at  the 
time  of  his  death. 

Francis  Green  (1786).    Authorities:  Wy-  Zechariah    Hicks    (1786).      Authorities- 

man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;  Boston  Paige's  Hist,  of  Cambridge;  Whitman's  Hist  A  and 

Records;    Memorials  of  Mass.  Society  of  the  Cin-  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;   Annals  of  Mass   Char 

cinnati;   New  Eng.  Mag.,  1831,  p.  366.  Mech.  Association. 

Samuel    Greenough    (1786).     Authority: 
Boston  Records. 


1786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  207 

He  served  an  apprenticeship  with  Thomas  Patten,  a  saddler,  of  Watertown.  At  the 
age  of  twenty-one  years  he  moved  to  Boston,  and  opened  a  saddler's  shop  in  Corn- 
hill,  now  Washington  Street,  where  he  continued  for  thirty-one  years.  The  march  of 
improvement,  the  widening  of  the  street,  compelled  his  removal,  and  he  relocated  and 
continued  his  business  in  Court  Street  until  he  was  eighty  years  of  age.  He  was  one  of 
the  marshals  of  the  grand  civic  procession  which  escorted  Gen.  Washington  into  Boston 
in  1789.  In  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  he  enlisted  as  a  volunteer,  and  was  ordered  to 
Newport,  but  was  not  actively  engaged  in  any  battle  with  the  enemy.  He  was  one  of  the 
body-guard  of  Gen.  Heath  (1765)  when  that  officer  had  his  headquarters  in  Boston.  He 
was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1789,  and  its  lieutenant  in  1791.  He 
served  two  terms  as  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives.  Lieut.  Hicks  (1786) 
was  recognized  "  as  an  upright,  prudent,  industrious  mechanic."  He  was  a  disciple  of 
the  Rev.  John  Murray,  and  was  ardently  attached  to  him  from  the  beginning  to  the  end 
of  his  ministry  in  Boston. 

After  the  death  of  Mr.  Murray,  Mr.  Hicks  (1786)  withdrew  from  the  Universalists, 
supposing  they  had  departed  from  the  principles  of  the  original  apostle  of  the  sect.  He 
died  May  10,  1842,  aged  eighty-seven  years,  being  universally  regarded  as  "an  honest 
and  a  good  man." 

"The  intelligence  of  his  death  surprised  and  startled  many,  for  during  the  week  ■ 
preceding  he  was  seen  walking  in  the  public  places  of  the  city,  with  his  well-known  firm 
and  manly  step,  and  exhibiting  on  his  countenance  the  complacent  smile  which,  for  half 
a  century,  had  appeared  as  the  surest  indication  of  a  light  heart,  a  clear  conscience,  and 
a  mild  and  generous  disposition." 

Alexander  Hodgdon  (1786),  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Rebecca  (Marshall) 
Hodgdon,  was  born  in  1741.  He  married  (1)  Mary  Carrel,1  who  died  very  suddenly, 
Jan.  27,  1791.  He  married,  (2)  Oct.  6,  1793,  Nancy  Lewis,  of  Dedham,  sister  of  Polly, 
wife  of  Andrew  Cunningham  (1786).  Nancy  (Lewis)  Hodgdon  married,  Jan.  13,  1803, 
William  Stackpole.  Gen.  Stevens,  who  married  Mr.  Hodgdon's  (1786)  sister,  related  to 
his  son,  in  regard  to  the  throwing  of  the  tea  overboard  :  — 

"  I  went  from  the  Old  South  meeting-house  just  after  dark.  The  party  was  seventy 
or  eighty.  At  the  head  of  the  wharf  we  met  the  detachment  of  our  company,  Adino 
Paddock's  [1762]  company  of  artillery,  on  guard,  who  joined  us.  I  commenced  with  a 
party  on  board  the  vessel  of  which  Hodgdon  [1786]  was  mate  (the  '  Dartmouth  '),  and 
as  he  knew  me,  I  left  that  vessel,  with  some  of  my  comrades,  and  went  aboard  another 
vessel,  which  lay  at  the  opposite  side  of  the  wharf.  Numbers  of  others  took  our  places 
on  Hodgdon's  [1786]  vessel,"  etc. 

In  May,  1775,  Alexander  Hodgdon  (1786)  was  clerk  of  the  committee  chosen  in 
Boston  to  receive  and  distribute  the  donations  made  in  behalf  of  the  suffering.  He  was 
secretary  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Society,  and  treasurer  of  the  Marine  Society. 
He  was  elected  treasurer  of  the  county  of  Suffolk,  and  took  the  oath  of  office  before  the 
Honorable  Court  of  Sessions,  Feb.  14,  1785,  and  was  re-elected  by  the  almost  unanimous 
vote  of  the  county.     He  was  State  treasurer  from  1787 a  to  1792,  when  the  treasurer's 

Alexander  Hodgdon  (1786).    Authorities:  2  April  27,  1787,  he  succeeded  Thomas  Ivers, 

Boston    Records;    Whitman's   Hist.  A.  and  II.  A.  treasurer  and  receiver-general  of  the  commonwealth, 

Company,  Ed.  1842;   Crane's  Tea  Leaves,  1773.  who  died  April  io,  1787,  aged  fifty-seven  years,  and 

1  His  mother-in-law,  Jane  Carrel,  died  Dec.  31,  was  buried  from  the  Province  House. 
1786,  aged  seventy-six  years,  and  was  buried  from 
his  house  in  Summer  Street. 


208  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i786 

office  was  in  the  room  under  the  council  chamber  in  the  Province  House,  after  which 
from  October,  1792,  to  July,  1795,  he  was  cashier  of  the  Union  Bank,  Boston,  now  the 
National  Union  Bank,  No.  40  State  Street.  The  Columbian  Centinel  remarked,  July 
28,  1792,  "Mr.  Hodgdon  [1786]  need  not  be  particularly  recommended  as  cashier  of 
the  Union  Bank.     His  abilities,  integrity  and  industry,  all  speak  loudly  in  his  behalf." 

March  20,  1795,  he  purchased  the  estate  in  Dedham,  corner  of  Court  and  Highland 
streets,  now  the  estate  of  Mrs.  Edward  M.  Richards.  Aug.  12,  1797,  Mr.  Hodgdon 
( 1  786)  died  in  Dedham  of  a  complication  of  diseases,  aged  fifty-six  years,  and  his  widow 
married,  Jan  13,  1803,  William  Stackpole,  Jr.,  of  Boston.  The  Dedham  estate  was 
sold  by  Nancy  Hodgdon,  Dec.  18,  1802,  to  Samuel  Richards,  father  of  Edward  M. 
Richards. 

John  Johnston  (1786),  portrait  painter,  —  Water  Street,  Boston,  1789,  and  Harvard 
Street  in  1796,  —  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas1  and  Bathsheba  (Thwing)  Johnston,  was 
born  in  1753,  and  died  June  28,  1818.     He  married  (published  Dec.  21,  1773)  Susanna 

Overlake.     Mr.  Drake  says  he  married Spear,  by  whom  he  had  several  children, 

only  two  of  whom  were  married  and  had  children.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1787,  ensign  in  1788,  and  lieutenant  in  1790. 

John  Johnston  (1786)  was  in  his  youth  apprenticed  to  learn  the  painter's  business, 
to  John  Gore  (1743),  father  of  Samuel  (1786).  Before  the  war  began,  he  joined  the 
Artillery  Company  commanded  by  Col.  Adino  Paddock  (1762).  In  April,  1775,  he 
joined  Col  Gridley's  regiment  of  artillery  as  lieutenant,  was  captain-lieutenant  in  Col. 
Knox's  regiment  in  1776,  and  was  wounded  and  taken  prisoner  on  Long  Island,  Aug. 
27,  1776.  He  was  discharged  from  the  service,  on  account  of  wounds,  in  October,  1777. 
He  returned  to  Boston,  and  again  pursued  his  chosen  profession,  opening  a  shop  "on 
Court  Street,  near  the  head  of  Gore's  Alley."  He  was  captain  of  an  independent  com- 
pany of  artillery  in  1787  and  1792. 

Mr.  Drake  mentions,  among  the  portraits  painted  by  John  Johnston  (1786),  "those 
of  Gov.  Increase  Sumner,  in  the  Massachusetts  Senate  Chamber ;  Gov.  William  Phillips 
and  family;  Major  Samuel  Shaw;  Gov.  Samuel  Adams,  and  of  Mrs.  Adams."  One  of 
his  pictures  was  the  sign  of  the  Good  Samaritan,  kept  by  Thomas  Bartlett  (1793), 
apothecary,  originally  painted  with  a  priest  passing  by  on  the  other  side.  This  was  soon 
erased,  the  portrait  and  costume  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Walter,  of  Christ  Church,  with  his  full 
wig,  being  so  exactly  represented  that  the  likeness  was  easily  recognized. 

James  Lanman  (1786)  was  a  baker  in  Boston  He  married  (1)  Susanna  Dawes, 
daughter  of  Story  and  Sarah  (Paine)  Dawes.  Story  Dawes  was  a  brother  of  William 
(1760).  Mr.  Lanman  (178O)  married  (2)  Susanna  Goldthwait,  daughter  of  Benjamin 
(1740)  and  Sarah  (Dawes)  Goldthwait,  and  granddaughter  of  Story  Dawes.  His 
dwelling-house  was  on  Temple  Street.  Oct.  14,  1785,  he  bought  of  William  Dawes 
(1760)  the  Temple  Street  estate  (so  called). 

John  Johnston  (1786).   Authorities:  Gene-  also  omitted  in  the  father's  name  in   the   Boston 

alogy  of  Thwing  Family;   Drake's  Biog.  Notices  of  Records.      This   relationship   is    confirmed    in   the 

the  Mass.  Soc.  of  the  Cincinnati.  Memorials  of  the  Mass.  Soc.  of  the  Cincinnati,  p. 

1  This  is  the  Thomas  Johnson  who  joined  the  293.    Mr.  Bridgman,  in  Memorials  of  King's  Chapel 

Artillery  Company  in   1742.      In  the  original   roll,  Burial-Ground,  says  Thomas  Johnston  died  in  1776, 

the  "t"  in  Johnston  is  omitted,  though  Mr.  Whit-  not  in  1765,  as  before  stated. 
man  ( 1810) ,  in  his  history,  inserted  it.     The  "  t  "  is 


i786j  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  209 

Benjamin  Lincoln  (1786),  yeoman,  of  Hingham,  son  of  Col.  Benjamin  and  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  (Thaxter)  (Norton)  Lincoln,  was  bora  in  Hingham,  Jan  24,  1732-3,  in  the 
house  in  which  he  died.  His  father  was  a  farmer,  which  occupation  Gen.  Lincoln 
(1786)  followed  until  more  than  forty  years  of  age.  He  enjoyed  no  advantages  of  early 
education  proportionate  to  the  eminence  he  attained.  He  owed  something  to  culture, 
much  to  circumstances.  He  was  town  clerk  for  many  years,  selectman  from  1765  to 
1 77 1  inclusive,  also  a  magistrate,  and  was  a  representative  in  1773,  1774,  1775,  1788,  and 
1789.  His  first  military  office  was  that  of  adjutant  of  the  Third  Regiment,  in  Suffolk 
County,  in  July,  1755  ;  was  promoted  to  be  major  in  1763,  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  Jan- 
uary, 1  772,  when  the  war  broke  out.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Provincial  Congress,  which 
assembled  in  1774  and  1775  at  Concord,  Cambridge,  and  Watertown,  and  a  sincere, 
determined,  though  temperate,  Whig. 

Upon  the  news  of  the  battles  of  Lexington  and  Concord,  he  summoned  the  military 
under  his  command,  with  a  view  of  repairing  to  the  scene  of  action.  The  return  of  the 
royal  troops  to  Boston,  the  same  night,  prevented  his  marching.  He  was  appointed  a 
brigadier-general  in  February,  1776,  a  major-general  in  May  next  following,  and  was 
much  employed  in  disciplining  the  militia.  On  the  2d  of  August,  1776,  he  was  appointed 
to  command  the  troops  of  the  State  doing  duty  at  and  near  the  harbor  of  Boston.  The 
impression  entertained  of  his  military  talents,  and  of  his  influence  with  the  militia, 
caused  the  General  Court,  in  September,  1776,  to  give  him  the  command  of  the  regi- 
ments to  be  raised  by  the  State  to  reinforce  the  army  under  the  commander-in-chief  in 
New  York  and  New  Jersey,  which  had  now  become  the  seat  of  the  war.  Feb.  n,  1777, 
he  arrived  at  Gen.  Washington's  camp.  The  commander-in-chief,  while  at  Cambridge 
and  Boston,  had  become  acquainted  with  him,  and  recommended  him  to  Congress  as 
an  excellent  officer,  whom  it  was  desirable  to  place  in  the  Continental  line.  Accord- 
ingly, soon  after  he  joined  the  army  in  February,  1777,  he  was  created  by  Congress  a 
major-general.  The  calm  courage  and  good  judgment  of  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  were 
always  evident.  He  was  first  attached  to  the  Northern  Army,  under  Gen.  Schuyler,  and 
afterwards  under  Gen.  Gates.  He  was  severely  wounded  in  the  leg,  Oct.  8,  1777,  which 
caused  his  removal,  first  to  Albany  and  afterwards  to  Hingham.  He  was  not  able  to 
take  the  field  till  Aug.  7,  1778,  and  his  restoration  was  not  complete  until  long  after- 
wards. 

No  inconsiderable  share  in  the  success  of  the  Northern  Army,  in  the  capture  of 
Burgoyne,  has  been  always  ascribed  to  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786).  His  excellent  character  as 
a  man,  and  his  military  reputation,  induced  the  delegates  from  South  Carolina  to  request 
Congress  to  appoint  him  to  the  chief  command  in  the  Southern  Department.  He 
arrived  at  Charleston,  S.  C,  early  in  December,  1778.  His  campaigns  in  the  Southern 
Department  were  meritorious  but  unsuccessful,  and  ended  in  the  surrender  of  Charles- 
ton, May  12,  1780,  when  he  was  taken  prisoner.  He  was  admitted  to  parole,  and  in  the 
summer  returned  to  Hingham.  In  November  following,  he  was,  to  his  great  joy, 
exchanged. 

On  the  commencement  of  the  campaign  of  1781,  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  joined  the 
army  under  Washington,  occupying  the  high  grounds  on  the  North  River,  with  a  view  to 
operations  against  New  York.  Before  the  end  of  the  summer,  the  plan  of  the  campaign 
was  changed,  and  the  movements  of  the  army  were  directed  against  Lord  Cornwallis,  in 

Benjamin  Lincoln  (1786).  Authorities:  Lincoln's  Hist,  of  Hingham;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and 
H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1S42;    Memorials  of  the  Mass.  Soc.  of  the  Cincinnati. 


2IO  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i786 

Virginia.  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  commanded  the  central  division  at  the  siege  of  York- 
town,  and  had  his  full  share  of  the  honor  of  that  brilliant  and  auspicious  event.  The 
articles  of  capitulation  stipulated  for  the  same  honors  in  favor  of  the  surrendering  army 
as  had  been  granted  to  the  garrison  at  Charleston.  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  was  appointed 
to  conduct  them  to  the  field  where  the  arms  were  deposited,  and  receive  the  customary 
submission. 

Oct.  31,  1 781,  he  was  chosen  secretary  of  war,  with  power  to  retain  his  rank  in  the 
army.  He  resided  at  Philadelphia  until  October,  1783,  when  he  resigned  the  secretary- 
ship. Having  thus  laid  down  the  load  of  public  cares,  he  retired  with  heartfelt  pleasure 
to  the  repose  of  private  life.  His  military  service  had  not  increased  his  property,  and 
he  resumed  his  farm.  Neither  his  circumstances  nor  his  disposition  would  permit  him 
to  be  idle.  Although  he  had  intended  to  avoid  public  employments,  he  was  persuaded 
to  take  command  of  the  first  division  of  the  militia  of  the  State.  He  was  willing,  with 
other  distinguished  officers  of  the  late  army,  to  make  a  considerable  sacrifice  to  preserve 
to  the  community  the  benefit  of  the  military  knowledge  acquired  by  the  experience 
of  the  war. 

In  1786-7,  an  insurrection  took  place  in  Massachusetts.  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  was 
appointed  to  command  the  militia,  between  four  and  five  thousand,  detached  to  restore 
order.  He  was  selected  as  commissioner,  with  others,  to  negotiate  with  the  different 
Indian  tribes ;  and,  while  on  a  similar  duty  with  the  Creeks,  in  1789,  he  had  the  pleasure 
of  meeting  Gen.  Washington  for  the  first  time  since  1783,  and  on  his  return  stopped  at 
Mount  Vernon.  His  aid  was  solicited  in  framing  the  first  militia  law  of  the  United 
States,  and  when  the  committee  had  the  subject  under  consideration  he  introduced  a 
clause  to  preserve  the  ancient  privileges  and  customs  of  such  independent  corps  as 
were  then  created  by  charter  or  otherwise.  Gen.  Blount,  of  Carolina,  one  of  the  com- 
mittee, was  vehemently  opposed  to  any  such  clause,  when  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  stated 
the  origin  and  claims  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company.  Blount,  in  a 
passion  and  with  a  sneer,  exclaimed,  "  And,  pray,  who  in  h — 1  commands  this  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Company?"  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  calmly  replied,  "  Your  very  humble 
servant."  This  put  Blount  and  his  adherents  to  silence,  and  the  clause  was  included  in 
the  act.  Thus  the  original  charter,  usages,  and  privileges  of  the  Artillery  Company 
are  confirmed  by  Congress. 

In  April,  1787,  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  had  a  plurality  of  votes  for  lieutenant-governor, 
and  was  elected  by  the  Legislature.  He  was  a  member  of  the  convention  for  ratifying 
the  new  constitution,  and,  in  1789,  was  made  collector  of  the  port  of  Boston,  which 
office  he  held  until  March  1,  1809,  when  his  earnest  desire  to  resign  was  complied  with 
by  Mr.  Jefferson.  In  this  station  he  acquitted  himself  with  judgment,  fidelity,  and 
success,  never  forgetting  his  allegiance  to  the  government,  and  never  giving  cause  to  any 
to  complain  of  the  insolence  of  office. 

Harvard  University  gave  him,  in  1780,  the  honorary  degree  of  A.  M.  He  was  one 
of  the  first  members  of  the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society.  The  latter  has  an  elegant  portrait  of  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786) 
in  military  costume.  He  was  president  of  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati  from  its  founda- 
tion until  his  decease,  and  was  commander  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1 788. 

Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  married,  at  Pembroke,  Mass.,  Jan.  15,  1756,  Mary,  daughter 
of  Elijah  and  Elizabeth  (Barker)  Cushing.  He  died  May  9,  1810.  His  widow  died  in 
Hingham,  Jan.  23,  1816,  aged  eighty-two  years. 


i786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  211 

"The  person  and  air  of  Gen.  Lincoln  [1786]  betokened  his  military  vocation.  He 
was  of  middle  height,  erect,  muscular,  with  open,  intelligent  features,  a  venerable  and 
benign  aspect.     His  manners  were  easy  and  unaffected,  but  courteous  and  polite." 

John  Lucas  (1786),  baker,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1738.  The  minutes  of  the 
selectmen's  records  of  Boston  for  July  21,  1765,  contain  the  following:  "Mr.  John 
Hunt,  of  Boston,  informs  that  he  has  let  a  house,  near  Dock  Square,  to  John  Lucas,  who 
has  a  wife  and  several  children.  They  have  not  been  long  in  town ;  came  last  from 
Plymouth,  but  had  before  that  lived  in  Connecticut." 

A  John  Lucas  married,  March  8,  1764,  in  Boston,  Abigail  Bowers.  John  Lucas 
(1786)  married,  Nov.  3,  1765,  Hannah,  daughter  of  William  Dawes  (1760),  and  sister  of 
William  Dawes,  Jr.  (1768).  She  was  born  Sept.  19,  1743,  joined  the  Old  South  Church 
April  7,  1765,  and  died  April  11,  1803.  They  had  no  children.  Mr.  Lucas  (1786) 
subsequently  married  the  widow  of  Ebenezer  Dawes,  "  a  lady  of  very  pleasing  personal 
accomplishments."  It  is  to  this  lady,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Dawes,  that  Mr.  Whitman  (1810), 
in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  refers:  "In  old  age  [about  1805],  Mr.  Lucas 
[1786]  married  a  celebrated  preceptress  of  Hingham  Academy;  but,  with  all  her 
accomplishments,  she  failed  to  render  him  happy."  She  held  the  position  of  preceptress 
from  1796  to  1804.  After  the  death  of  Mr.  Lucas  (1786)  she  married  Dr.  Williams,  of 
Deerfield,  whom  she  survived. 

Mr.  Lucas  (1786)  was  prominent  among  the  tradesmen  in  town,  very  wealthy, 
active  in  public  matters,  and  a  commissary  of  Continental  pensioners.  Lucas  Street,  in 
Boston,  was  named  for  him.  In  1784,  a  change  came  over  the  Common.  Two  persons 
were  especially  active  in  obtaining  subscriptions  and  improving  the  Common.  One  of 
them  was  John  Lucas  (1786),  whose  office  as  commissary  of  pensioners  was  in  Orange, 
now  Washington,  Street.  Having  raised  two  hundred  and  eighty-five  pounds  fourteen 
shillings  and  seven  pence,  he  expended  it  in  setting  out  trees  and  raising  the  low  portions 
of  the  ground.  Jan.  7,  1788,  Mr.  Lucas  (1786)  was  moderator  of  a  meeting  of  trades- 
men in  Boston,  who  met  to  protest  against  the  report,  industriously  circulated,  that  the 
tradesmen  of  Boston  were  opposed  to  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  as  proposed  Sept.  17,  1787.  He  was  identified  with  the  military,  and  held  the 
grade  of  captain,  and  united  with  the  Old  South  Church,  Dec.  18,  1763. 

Aug.  7,  1776,  Mr.  Lucas  (1786)  was  drawn  as  a  juror  for  a  maritime  court;  Dec. 
19,  1776,  he  was  drafted  for  service  in  the  Continental  Army,  but  paid  the  fine  rather 
than  serve ;  in  1782,  when  paying  his  excise  tax,  he  is  called  "  Esquire,"  and  held  the 
office  of  selectman  of  Boston  in  1784.  He  was  chosen  a  surveyor  of  wheat  from  1769  to 
1780  inclusive,  and  in  1784  ;  warden  in  1779  ;  was  appointed,  Nov.  8,  1776,  to  ascertain 
the  damage  to  Boston  since  the  Boston  Port  Bill  went  into  effect ;  was  one  of  the  com- 
mittee selected  March  5,  1782,  to  thank  George  Richards  Minot,  Esq.,  "for  his  spirited 
and  eloquent  oration  ...  in  commemoration  of  the  horrid  massacre,  March  5,  1770." 
He  also  served  on  many  other  committees,  and  was  active  in  filling  the  various  quotas  of 
Boston  for  the  Continental  Army. 

John  Lucas  (1786)  died  in  Brookline,  Sept.  12,  1812,  aged  seventy-four  years.  He 
gave,  in  his  will,  to  Judge  Dawes,  whose  father  was  a  cousin  to  Mr.  Lucas's  (1786)  wife, 

John  Lucas  (1786).  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company, 
Ed.  1842;   Shurtleff's  Des.  of  Boston. 


212  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,786 

Hannah  Dawes,  an  estate  in  Court  Street  worth  ten  thousand  dollars,  "  for  his  early 
friendship." 

"  Newspaper  eulogy  seldom  deserves  much  notice ;  for  mankind  are  so  prone  to 
deify  departed  friends,  that  sober  and  discreet  men  turn  aside  from  praises  of  the  dead, 
often  not  merited,  and  are  unwilling  that  those  should  be  sent  to  Heaven,  whose  claims 
on  it  were  somewhat  doubtful  on  earth.  Still,  we  cannot  behold  age,  worth,  virtue,  piety, 
eccentricity,  and  vice,  sink  promiscuously  into  the  tomb  undistinguished. 

"Mr.  Lucas  [1786]  was  an  instance  of  successful  industry  as  a  mechanic,  and  an 
example  to  others  that  assiduity,  patience,  and  good  character  ensure  a  competency  of 
fortune,  respectability,  and  influence.  With  the  imperfections  incident  to  human  nature, 
Mr.  Lucas  [1786]  possessed  many  valuable  traits  of  character,  and,  with  considerable 
eccentricity,  a  kind  and  feeling  heart.  His  good  deeds,  his  active  life,  his  useful  career, 
demand  honorable  mention ;  are  calculated  to  stimulate  the  enterprising  and  cheer  the 
industrious,  and  leave  a  memorial  of  gratitude  and  respect  in  the  memory  of  many 
friends."  ' 

John  May  (1786)  was  a  descendant  of  an  ancestor  of  the  same  name  (born  in 
England  in  1590,  admitted  a  freeman  in  i64i,and  died  in  1670)  who  migrated  to 
America  about  1640,  with  wife  and  two  sons,  John  and  Samuel,  and  settled  in  Roxbury. 
The  younger  members  of  the  family  went  soon  after  to  Connecticut.  From  one  of  these, 
who  lived  in  Pomfret,  Conn.,  Col.  John  May  (1786)  descended.  He  was  born  Nov.  24, 
1748.  He  did  not  long  remain  in  his  native  home,  but  when  quite  young  came  to 
Boston,  and,  tradition  says,  served  his  apprenticeship  with  a  relative,  Col.  Ephraim  May 
(1765).  Becoming  established  in  business  for  himself,  he  married,  in  1773,  Abigail 
May.  His  place  of  business  was  on  Fish,  now  North,  Street.  The  latter,  between  Fleet 
Street  and  Sun  Court,  on  the  west  side  of  North  Street,  and  near  the  head  of  Hancock's 
Wharf,  a  three-story  brick  building,  was  built  and  first  occupied  by  Edward  Hutchinson 
(1702).  At  the  close  of  the  Revolution  it  was  known  as  the  North  End  Coffee-House, 
kept  by  Capt.  David  Porter,  grandfather  of  Admiral  Porter,  U.  S  N.  It  next  became 
the  residence  of  Jonathan  Amory,  who  was  succeeded  by  Col.  John  May  (1786).  The 
building  subsequently  became  the  Mariners'  House,  under  the  direction  of  the  Boston 
Port  Society.  On  the  day  of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  the  house  was  used  as  a  hospital, 
and  many  of  the  wounded  were  placed  for  amputation  on  the  long  dining-room  table. 
As  long  as  the  house  stood,  the  blood-stains  were  distinctly  seen  on  the  floor. 

Col.  May's  (1786)  life  was  mostly  passed  in  Boston,  though  he  lived  some  years 
in  Portland,  Me  ,  where  two  or  three  of  his  children  were  born.  Oct.  n,  1778,  he  was 
commissioned  adjutant  of  the  Boston  regiment,  and  was  afterward  regularly  promoted  to 
major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel.  The  date  of  the  last  commission  was  Jan.  19, 
1787.  In  a  letter  from  Gov.  Bowdoin  to  Gen.  Washington,  dated  April  2,  1788, 
apparently  one  of  introduction,  the  former  writes  of  Col.  May  (1786)  :  "  He  distinguished 
himself  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  at  Rhode  Island,  under  the  Count  de 
Rochambeau,"  and  remarks  further  :  "  By  his  exertions  the  Boston  regiment  of  militia, 
of  which  he  is  colonel,  is  esteemed  in  regard  to  appearance  and  discipline  at  least  equal 
to  any  regiment  of  militia  on  the  continent." 

John    May    (1786).      Authorities:    Boston      Journal  of  Col.  John  May  (1786),  in  the  New  Eng. 
Records;    Porter's  Rambles  in  Old  Boston;    Colum-       Hist,  and  Gen.  Keg  ,  1873. 
Man    Centinel  of  Oct.    I,    1788;    the  Letters   and  '  Columbian  Centinel,  Sept.  23,  1812. 


i786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  21 3 

"On  the  afternoon  of  Dec.  16,  1773,  Mr.  May  [1786]  went  in  haste  to  his  home, 
on  North  Square,  and  said  to  his  young  wife,  '  Nabby,  let  me  have  a  beefsteak  as  quickly 
as  possible.'  While  he  was  eating  it,  a  rap  was  heard  on  the  window,  and  he  rose  at 
once  from  the  unfinished  meal  and  departed.  He  returned  late,  tired  and  uncommuni- 
cative. In  the  morning,  there  was  found  in  his  shoes,  and  scattered  upon  the  floor,  a 
quantity  of  tea.  The  inevitable  inference  from  these  circumstances  is  strengthened  by 
evidence  of  a  very  different  character.  Near  the  close  of  Major  Melville's  life,  he 
gave,  while  dining  with  a  few  friends,  some  anecdotes  of  the  Tea  Party,  and  turning  to 
Henry  Knox  May,  the  son  of  Col.  May  [1786],  he  said,  '  Harry,  there  was  one  John 
there.'  The  son,  who  knew  the  family  tradition,  was  eager  to  learn  more.  'Not  now, 
Harry,'  said  the  major;  'come  and  see  me,  and  I  will  tell  you  all  about  it.'  Mr.  May 
called  repeatedly  upon  him  but  could  never  obtain  any  further  satisfaction  respecting 
the  object  of  his  inquiry.  Col.  May  [1786]  was  a  man  of  great  energy  and  courage, 
an  ardent  patriot,  and  one  not  likely  to  be  overlooked  in  the  making  up  of  a  company  of 
picked  men  for  such  an  enterprise."  ' 

Col.  May  (1786)  was  one  of  the  Ohio  Company  in  1790,  and  is  said  to  have  erected 
the  first  frame  house  near  the  present  site  of  Marietta,  Ohio.  Maysville,  on  the  opposite 
shore  of  the  Ohio,  was  named  in  honor  of  Col.  May  (1786).  He  informed  the  Ohio 
Company,  at  its  meeting  in  Boston,  July  2,  1788,  that  Mr.  Joseph  May,  of  Boston,  had 
presented  a  bell  to  the  company,  for  the  first  public  building  erected  in  the  territory  of 
the  company. 

Col.  May  (1786)  was  selectman  of  Boston  from  1803  to  1812  inclusive,  and  also  a 
member  of  the  General  Court.  He  was  active  in  public  matters,  and  held  many  positions 
of  responsibility'  and  honor  in  the  town. 

He  died  on  Thursday  morning,  July  16,  181 2,  aged  sixty- three  years.  His  widow 
died  in  i824.a  "By  the  death  of  Col.  May  [1786],"  says  the  Columbian  Centinel  of 
July  18,  "this  town  is  deprived  of  a  judicious  and  faithful  officer,  and  the  public  of  an 
active,  useful,  and  benevolent  citizen ;  to  his  family  the  loss  is  irreparable.  His  funeral 
took  place  yesterday,  attended  by  the  selectmen,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,"  etc. 

Jonas  Clark  Minot  (1786),  inspector  of  customs,  No.  17  State  Street,  Boston,  son 
of  Stephen  and  Sarah  (Clark)  Minot,  was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  20,  1738,  and  married 
Hannah  Speakman.  His  mother  was  the  only  daughter  of  Jonas  Clark  (1756).  His 
brother,  Hon.  George  Richard  Minot,  judge  of  the  first  municipal  court  in  Boston, 
married  Hannah  Speakman's  sister  Mary.  He  was  inspector  in  the  custom-house  from 
1789  to  1802. 

Thomas  Newell,  Jr.  (1786).  His  name  does  not  appear  in  the  Boston  Records. 
He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Andrew  Oliver,  Jr.  (1786),  hatter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Andrew  and  Susanna  (Boyer) 
Oliver,  of  Boston,  was  born  June  2,  1748,  and  was  baptized  in  the  Old  South  Church, 

Jonas    Clark    Minot  (1786).     Authority:  2  Extract  from  the  journal  of  Mrs.  John  May: 

New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1847.  "Monday  June    is'  [1788,  Artillery  election   day] 

Andrew  Oliver  (1786).     Authorities:  Bos-  Sent  Hannah  to  carry  the  little  girls  to  the  Common, 

ton  Records;    Hill's  Hist,  of  the  Old  South  Church.  They  returned  safe  but  tired  out,  and  that  we  all 

'Tea  Leaves  of   1773,  p.   128, -communicated  are." 
by  John  Joseph  May,  Esq.,  of  Dorchester. 


2  14  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,786 

June  5.  His  paternal  grandfather  was  Anthoine  Oliver ;  his  maternal  grandfather  was 
Daniel  Johonnot.  Both  of  these  grandparents  were  Huguenots,  or  French  Protestants, 
who,  fleeing  from  France,  arrived  in  America  about  1686. 

Andrew  Oliver,  Jr.  (1786),  married,  April  29,  1773,  Abigail  Boardman,  daughter 
of  William  (1758),  and  sister  of  William,  Jr.  (1786).  He  united  with  the  Old 
South  Church,  probably  May  16,  1756,  and  his  wife,  Abigail,  did  likewise,  Aug.  14, 
1774.  In  1796,  he  was  employed  at  the  hatter's  trade,  and  his  place  of  business 
was  at  No.  35  Cornhill,  now  Washington  Street.  He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery 
Company. 

Turner  Phillips  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Isaac  and  Preseler  (Priscilla) 
Phillips,  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  12,  1755.  He  married,  April  5,  1780,  Abigail  Church. 
He  was  a  brother  of  Major  James  Phillips,  who  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1790. 
In  1794,  he  was  a  bookkeeper  in  the  United  States  Bank,  a  position  which  he  held  for 
many  years,  and  resided  on  Leverett  Street.  He  was  ensign  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1789;  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  militia;  was  treasurer  of  the  town  of  Bos- 
ton from  Aug.  2,  1820,  until  the  adoption  of  the  city  charter  in  1822,  when  he  became 
the  first  treasurer  of  the  city  of  Boston.  He  held  the  office  of  selectman  for  four  years, 
1816-9.  He  died  Sept.  13,  1836,  aged  eighty-one  years,  and  his  wife,  Abigail,  died 
Dec.  6,  1837,  aged  eighty-one  years.  Their  remains  were  buried  in  the  King's  Chapel 
Burial-Ground,  over  which  a  marble  column  was  erected  to  their  memory. 

Henry  Prentiss  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  Joshua  and  Mary  Prentiss, 
was  born  March  7,  1749,  in  Holliston,  Mass.,  where  his  father  was  pastor  of  the  church 
for  forty-five  years.  He  married,  in  1775,  Ruth,  daughter  of  Jonathan  Freeman,  of 
Boston.  Henry  Prentiss  (1786)  was  a  spectator  of  the  scene  in  State  Street,  March 
5,  1770,  when  the  British  soldiers  killed  five  persons  and  wounded  several  others.  On 
the  7th  of  March,  Henry  Prentiss  (1786)  wrote  a  long  letter  to  his  father  describing  the 
scene,  and  the  events  which  followed  it.  The  letter  is  printed  entire  in  Mr.  Drake's 
"History  of  Middlesex  County,"  Vol.1.,  pages  472,473  Henry  Prentiss  (1786)  is 
recorded  in  the  traditional  number  of  those  who  took  part  in  the  "tea"  episode  of 
1773.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  having  been  initiated  in  The  Massa- 
chusetts Lodge,  of  Boston,  Feb.  19,  1789. 

Mr.  Prentiss  (1786)  was  a  captain  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  serving  under  Gen. 
Washington  at  Cambridge  and  Long  Island  ;  also,  was  at  the  crossing  of  the  Delaware,  and 
at  the  battle  of  Trenton.  On  his  return  from  active  service  he  was  an  overseer  of  the 
poor,  in  Boston,  three  years,  1784-7,  a  sea-captain  in  1789,  and  afterward  a  merchant 
in  Boston.  Henry  Prentiss  (1786),  with  his  brother,  Appleton,  was  the  first  to  introduce 
the  art  of  printing  calico  in  New  England,  producing  a  coarse  blue  and  red  article  on 
India  cotton  A  specimen  of  it  was  exhibited  by  the  late  Abbot  Lawrence  at  a  fair  in 
the  city  of  Washington,  many  years  ago,  as  a  contrast  to  the  improved  prints  of  later 
days.  The  print  manufactory  was  on  the  corner  of  Cambridge  and  Buttolph  streets. 
He  was  largely  interested   in  the  West  Boston  Bridge,  sometimes  called  "  Cambridge 

Turner  Phillips  (1786).  Authority:  Boston  ton  Records;  Crane's  Tea  Leaves  of  1773;  Shurt- 
Records.  left's  Des.  of  Boston ;    Bridgman's  King's  Chapel 

Henry  Prentiss  (1786).    Authorities:  Bos-      Burial-Ground. 


,786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  2  15 

Bridge,"  and,  with  Mungo  Mackay,  superintended  the  construction  of  it.  He  died  in 
Medfield,  Mass.,  Aug.  31,  182 1,  and  his  remains  were  placed  in  King's  Chapel  Burial- 
Ground. 

He  resided  for  many  years  in  a  stone  house  on  the  south  side  of  Hanover  Street, 
near  Elm  Street,  the  former  residence  of  Benjamin  Hallowell,  comptroller  of  customs, 
which  was  ransacked  by  the  patriots  at  the  time  Gov.  Hutchinson's  house  was  visited  by 
them. 

Russell  Sturgis  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Sarah  (Payne) 
Sturgis,  was  born  in  Barnstable,  Mass.,  Aug.  27,  1750.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  years,  he 
left  his  home  and  came  to  Boston.  He  entered  the  mercantile  establishment  of  Thomas 
Handasyd  Peck,  a  furrier.  This  business  was  very  largely  increased,  and  the  firm  became, 
in  company  with  John  Jacob  Astor,  of  New  York,  one  of  the  pioneers  in  opening  a  very 
extensive  fur  trade  on  the  northwest  coast  of  America.  Mr.  Sturgis  (1786)  learned  the 
hatter's  trade,  did  business  in  Merchants  Row,  and  resided  on  Atkinson  Street.  Later, 
he  had  a  brick  mansion  on  Pearl  Street,  where  now  is  Sturgis  Place,  or  avenue.  He 
married  Elizabeth  Perkins,  daughter  of  James  and  Elizabeth  (Peck)  Perkins.  Elizabeth 
Peck  was  a  daughter  of  Thomas  H.  Peck,  Mr.  Sturgis's  (1786)  early  business  associate. 
Russell  Sturgis  (1786)  and  his  wife  were  the  parents  of  sixteen  children,  all  born  before 
the  close  of  the  eighteenth  century,  one  of  whom,  the  youngest  daughter,  is  living  (this 
25th  of  April,  1890),  at  the  age  of  ninety-three  years,  and  dictated  this  sketch  of  her 
honored  father.  The  name  of  "  Russell  Sturgis  "  has  been  continued  from  father  to  son 
for  six  successive  generations. 

Mr.  Sturgis  (1786)  was  interested  in  the  militia,  and  from  1787  to  1792  was  first 
lieutenant  of  a  company  of  light  artillery  in  Boston,  of  which  John  Johnston  (1786)  was 
captain.  He  filled,  at  various  times,  many  public  offices  in  Boston.  He  held  the 
position  of  selectman  from  1796  to  1802  inclusive,  except  in  1798,  and  represented 
Boston  in  the  State  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives.  He  took  an  active  part  in 
public  affairs  generally,  and  was  a  member  of  various  benevolent  societies. 

Lieut.  Russell  Sturgis  (1786)  died  Sept.  7,  1826,  and  his  remains  were  placed  in  the 
Granary  Burial-Ground.  A  cotemporary  newspaper,  in  an  obituary  notice  of  Mr. 
Sturgis  (1786),  says,  "On  Thursday  last  [Sept.  7,  1826],  Russell  Sturgis,  Esq.,  aged 
seventy-six  years.  Mr.  Sturgis  [1786]  was  a  native  of  Barnstable  and  of  an  ancient  and 
respectable  family.  He  came  to  Boston  when  young.  He  was  a  respectable  merchant, 
an  honest  man,  an  ardent  patriot,  an  affectionate  friend." 

Samuel  Todd  (1786),  housewright,  of  Boston.  In  the  militia  he  rose  to  the  grade 
of  captain.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1790,  lieutenant  in  1793, 
captain  in  1797,  and  armorer  from  1806  to  18 14.  He  was  the  first  armorer  who  took 
charge  of  the  Company  equipments  in  Faneuil  Hall.  He  resided  in  Cold  Lane,  now 
Portland  Street,  and  died  March  31,  1815.  His  remains  were  placed  in  tomb  No.  101 
in  the  burial-ground  on  the  Common.  The  Artillery  Company,  in  citizens'  dress, 
attended   his  funeral. 

Russell  Sturgis  (1786).    Authorities  :  Bos-  Samuel  Todd  (1786).    Authorities  :  Boston 

ton  Records;   MS.  of  George  Sturgis  Paine,  Wor-       Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company, 
cester,  Mass.  Ed.  1842. 


2l6  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [i786 

Pepperell  Tyler  (1786),  merchant,  son  of  Andrew  and  Miriam  Tyler,  was  born  in 
Boston,  April  12,  173 1.  In  1781,  he  was  chosen  a  clerk  of  the  market.  In  1782,  he 
was  a  shop-  or  store-keeper,  paying  his  excise  tax,  and  was  licensed  to  sell  tea.  The  same 
year  he  was  approbated  by  the  selectmen  to  be  a  "  retailer  of  strong  drink  "  at  his  store 
in  Haymarket.     He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Thomas  Wells  (1786),  wine  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Francis  and  Susannah 
(Allen)  (Welsh)  Wells,  was  born  at  Cambridge  Farms,  May  23,  1754.  He  married, 
June  i,  1773,  Hannah  Adams. 

"  His  father,"  according  to  Mr.  Drake,  "came  to  Boston  in  the  ship  '  Hampstead 
Gaily,'  of  which  he  was  owner  and  master,  arriving  at  Boston  Aug.  12,  1723.  Elizabeth, 
daughter  by  his  first  wife,  born  in  England,  married  Gov.  Samuel  Adams.  Their 
daughter,  Hannah,  was  married  to  Capt.  Thomas  Wells  [1786]." 

Mr.  Wells  (1786)  was  a  member  of  Paddock's  (1762)  regiment  of  artillery,  was 
commissioned  second  lieutenant  in  Knox's  artillery  regiment,  Jan.  1,  1776  captain  in 
Crane's  artillery  regiment  in  1778,  and  was  discharged  in  1780,  after  a  service  of  five 
years  and  three  months.  He  subsequently  became  a  wine  merchant,  and  in  1789 
occupied  the  cellar  under  the  Old  South  Church,  and  in  1796  he  kept  a  wine  cellar  in 
Milk  Street  and  lived  in  Leverett's  (or  Quaker)  Lane,  now  Congress  Street.  He  was 
fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1787.  His  son,  Thomas,  joined  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1 8 1 1 . 

He  died,  in  Boston,  Oct.  30,  1799,  "a  faithful  friend  and  servant  in  his  country's 
cause  during  the  revolutionary  struggle." 

John  Winslow  (1786),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Mason) 
Winslow,  of  Boston,  and  great-grandson  of  John  (1692),  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  29, 
1753,  and  died  Nov.  29,  1819.     He  married,  May  18,  1782,  Ann  Gardner. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  says,  concerning 
Gen.  Winslow  (1786)  :  — 

"  His  father  died  before  he  arrived  of  age,  and  left  him  to  launch  forth  on  the  world 
to  seek  his  fortune.  Before  the  war,  he  was  a  clerk  in  the  hardware  store  of  his  uncle; 
Jonathan  Mason,  who  kept  on  the  east  side  of  Washington  Street,  No.  12,  opposite 
Williams  Court.  Mr.  Mason  lived  over  his  store,  and  was  a  deacon  in  the  Old  South 
Church.  Mr.  Winslow  [1786]  was  in  Boston  during  its  occupation  by  the  British  in 
1775,  was  the  one  who  recognized  Gen.  Warren's  body  after  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill, 
and  he  buried  the  communion  plate  of  the  Old  South  Church  in  the  cellar  of  his  uncle's 
home  to  prevent  its  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  British.  Being  desirous  of  getting  away 
from  Boston,  he  shipped  on  a  British  vessel  for  Newport,  R.  I.,  at  which  place  he 
deserted.  At  the  age  of  twenty-two,  he  was  appointed  by  Gov.  Trumbull  deputy  pay- 
master-general, in  the  Northern  Department,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant.  He  joined 
the  army  at  Quebec,  under  Gen.  Montgomery,  and  was  in  the  battle.  June  8,  1777,  he 
received  a  commission  as  captain  of  artillery,  and  was  placed  under  the  command  of 
Major  Ebenezer  Stevens,  who  was  subsequently  a  major-general  in  New  York.     He  was 

Pepperell  Tyler  0786).    Authority:  Bos-  John  Winslow  (1786).    Authorities:  Hill's 

ton  Records.  Hist,  of  Old  South   Church;    Drake's  Old   Land- 

Thoma9  Wells  (1786).     Authorities:   Bos-  marks  of  Boston,  p.  87;   Memorials  of  the  Mass. 

ton    Records;  Drake's     Biog.   Notices    of    Mass.  Society  of  the  Cincinnati;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and 

Society  of  the  Cincinnati.  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


1786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  217 

in  the  battle  which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  Burgoyne,  and  was  one  of  those  who  took 
the  account  of  the  stores,  etc.,  found  in  his  camp,  and  also  had  charge  of  many  prisoners. 
He  was  afterwards  stationed  at  West  Point  and  White  Plains.  When  the  American  Army 
was  retreating  from  Quebec,  under  Gen.  Wooster,  and  the  enemy  close  upon  their  heels, 
he  saved  the  public  chest,  and  lost  his  own  baggage  and  wardrobe,  as  valuable  as  any 
officer's  in  the  line.  He  was  thus  left  destitute  of  clothing,  not  having  sufficient  to 
change  his  linen  for  thirty-five  days.  He  received,  on  the  settlement  of  his  accounts  as 
paymaster,  —  the  total  of  which  was  $865,700.81,  —  a  certificate  from  the  paymaster- 
general,  wherein  his  conduct  was  highly  approved,  and,  it  is  said,  he  was  almost  the  only 
paymaster  who  had  faithfully  accounted  for  the  public  moneys.  He  was  at  the  battle  of 
Ticonderoga,  and,  when  the  army,  under  Gen.  Sinclair,  retreated  from  that  place,  he 
again  saved  the  books  and  property  intrusted  to  his  care,  and  lost  most  of  his  own.  He 
was  soon  after  relieved,  having  settled  his  second  accounts,  amounting  to  $104, 5 18. 

"  Nov.  5,  1778,  he  was  honorably  discharged,  at  his  own  request.  When  the  militia 
of  Boston  was  reorganized  he  was  elected  a  major,  and,  soon  after,  a  colonel.1  March 
21,  1799,  he  was  elected  brigadier-general  of  the  Legionary  Brigade.  In  1809,  he  was 
chosen  major-general,  but  did  not  accept,  and  immediately  resigned  his  office  of 
brigadier-general.  He  was  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1787  ;  lieutenant  in  1788  ; 
its  captain  in  1792  and  1798,  and  its  treasurer  from  1798  to  1810.  He  was  for  many 
years  a  fireward,  and  president  of  the  board  of  health,  assistant  treasurer  of  the  Cincin- 
nati from  1794  to  1809,  and  treasurer  from  1809  to  181 1,  and  often  representative  to' 
the  General  Court.  In  18 10,  he  lost  his  property  by  an  unexpected  failure,  and  his 
embarrassments  continued  during  life.  His  integrity  and  honor  were  never  questioned, 
and  the  people  placed  him,  seven  years  successively,  in  the  responsible  office  of  county 
treasurer,  until  his  decease,  Nov.  29,  1819.  The  fidelity  with  which  he  discharged  its 
duties  induced  his  constituents  to  pronounce  him  the  best  treasurer  that  had  ever  filled 
the  office. 

"  As  a  neighbor  and  friend,  he  was  zealous  and  charitable,  frequently  employed  by 
the  rich  to  bestow  their  secret  alms  upon  the  virtuous  poor.  He  was  not,  by  talent  or 
education,  a  great  man,  but  formed  by  nature  an  upright  one.  The  numerous  instances 
of  being  guardian,  referee,  etc.,  prove  his  integrity.  He  was  prompt,  but  prudent; 
rigid,  but  not  austere;  independent,  yet  popular;  shrinking  from  public  honors,  yet 
deserving  them  ;  fearless  in  discharge  of  public,  social,  and  moral  duties,  yet  amiable  and 
beloved  by  all.  The  composure  with  which  he  met  his  troubles,  and  even  saw  the 
approach  of  death,  show  the  sterling  value  of  his  heart  and  mind.  He  never  communi- 
cated his  troubles,  because  it  might  disturb  others ;  but  rather  suffered  them  to  grow 
upon  him  in  secret,  while  the  world  supposed  him  cheerful  In  his  family,  he  was  spot- 
less, kind,  and  affectionate ;  his  fireside  was  the  seat  of  hospitality ;  his  home,  the 
mansion  of  happiness.  He  was  buried  in  the  family  tomb,  near  the  centre  of  the  Chapel 
Burial-Ground." 

At  his  funeral,  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  the  light  infantry  company  (called,  in  his  honor,  the  "  Winslow  Blues"), 
were  present  to  pay  respect  to  his  memory.  His  daughter,  Mary  Ann,  who  died  in  1882, 
was  buried  in  the  same  tomb. 

1  "  Major  John  Winslow  [  1 786J  was  appointed  Bird  [1787]  was  appointed  major,  vice  Winslow 
Lieut.-Col.  of  the  Boston  regiment,  vice  Lieut.-Col.  [  1 786J  promoted." — Massachusetts  Centinel,  March 
Farrington    [1786]    displaced,    and   Capt.  William       12,  1788. 


2  I  8  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1786 


The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1786  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  After  an  Intermission  of  the  Artillery  Company's  Assembling  during  the  War  of 
the  United  States  with  Great  Britain,  in  which  many  of  its  members  were  engaged,  and 
subsequent  thereto  were  in  a  dispersed  situation,  until  the  year  seventeen  hundred  & 
eighty-six,1  when  they  again  Assembled  under  the  Command  of  their  last  elected  Officers 
and  had  the  honor  of  leading  in  the  Military  duties  of  the  then  particularly  important 
day  [that  is,  the  insurrection  under  Daniel  Shays]  under  which  Command  they  continued 
until  the  return  of  their  anniversary  Election  in  June,  1787,  at  which  time,  Maj.  Gen. 
John  Brooks  [1786],  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  and  Capt.  Ebenezer  Torrey  [1765]  were 
elected  officers,  and  His  Excellency  John  Hancock,  Esq.,  Governor  and  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  was  pleased,  agreeable  to  ancient  and 
usual  form,  to  deliver  the  respective  badges  to  the  officers. 

"  Boston,  4th  August  1 786.  The  Committee  appointed  by  the  members  of  the 
Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company  at  their  last  meeting,  in  Faneuil  Hall,  take  leave 
to  report  by  recommending  the  following  votes,  vizt : 

"  1st.  Voted,  That  the  Officers  elected  in  June  1774,  take  charge  of  ye  said  Com- 
pany and  continue  therein  until  the  Election  in  June  next. 

"2d.  Voted,  That  Capt  William  Bell  [1756]  assemble  the  Members  of  the  said 
Company  at  some  convenient  time  &  place,  at  least  once  every  week,  in  order  to  learn 
ye  Manual  Exercise  &  evolution  as  directed  by  ye  Captain  General  previously  to  turning 
out  on  ye  Muster  day  in  September  next. 

"  3d.  Voted,  That  the  Company  turn  out  to  do  Military  duty  on  the  first  Monday 
in  September  next,  &  the  Capt.  is  requested  to  order  provision  to  be  made  at  Faneuil 
Hall  on  ye  evening  as  usual. 

"4th.  Voted,  That  the  Expenses  on  ye  evening  for  Exercise  previous  to  ye  Muster 
days  of  this  year  be  paid  out  of  ye  Company  Chest ;  as  also  for  the  provision  mentioned 
in  ye  preceding  Vote. 

"5th.  Voted,  That  the  Commission  Officers  provide  such  Military  appendages  as 
may  be  found  wanting  for  the  said  Company,  &  ye  Treasurer  is  hereby  authorized  & 
empowered  to  pay  the  same  &  lay  the  account  so  paid  before  the  Company  on  ye  even- 
ing of  September,  when  ye  Company  will  be  assembled. 

"  6th.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  be  requested  to  settle  the  Bond  &  Mortgage  due 
from  Mr  Brown  upon  the  best  possible  terms,  and  report  his  doings  thereon  to  the  said 
Company  as  soon  as  may  be. 

"  7th.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer,  with  a  Committee,  wait  upon  His  Excellency, 
Gov.  Bowdoin  with  the  Charter  of  the  Company,  &  acquaint  him  with  such  of  our  pro- 
ceedings as  may  be  judged  necessary. 

"  8th.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  be  requested  to  exchange  what  monies  he  shall 
have  on  hand  (after  paying  the  aforementioned  Expenses,  &  reserving  one  hundred 
Dollars  for  the  use  of  the  Company  in  June  next)  for  the  consolidated  Securities  of  this 
Commonwealth,  and  report  his  doings  thereon  as  soon  as  may  be. 

"  9th  &  lastly,  it  is  recommended  that  as  soon  as  convenient  the  Members  of  the 
said  Company  will  furnish  themselves  with,  &  come  into  the  following  Uniform,  vizt :  a 
plain  Hatt  &  Cockade,  Blue  Coat,  white  Waistcoat  &  Breeches  &  White  Stockings.  All 
which  is  submitted.  Voted,  that  the  Foregoing  Votes  be  recorded  in  ye  Company's 
Book.  Attest :     William  Dawes,  Jr.  Clerk. 

1  There  seems  to  be  no  knowledge  of  the  meetings  of  the  Company  in  1782. 


1786]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  219 

"Friday  evening,  1st  Sept.  [1786]  Voted,  to  have  ye  Band  of  Musick  to  play  on  our 
Military  Muster  on  ye  4th  inst  and  ye  expense  of  the  same  to  be  paid  by  ye  Treasurer, 
Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Mr  Daniel  Rea  [Jr.,  1770],  William  Dawes  Jr.  [1768] 
Committee  to  agree  with  them.  Attest :     William  Dawes,  Jr.   Clerk. 

"  Monday,  4th  September  [1786]. '  Voted,  the  Clerk  be  directed  to  wait  on  ye  gentle- 
men who  have  this  day  been  admitted  members  of  this  Company  in  order  that  they  may 
sign  the  Company's  Book,  &  also  to  request  their  attendance  with  their  firelocks  & 
Bayonetts  at  Faneuil  Hall,  on  Wednesday  Evening  next,  &  so  from  time  to  time  as  ye 
Company  may  meet  for  discipline.  Voted,  the  Clerk  be  directed  to  inform  all  ye  Mem- 
bers of  ye  foregoing,  that  they  may  govern  themselves  accordingly. 

"Attest:     Wm  Dawes,  Jr.   Clerk. 

"  Wednesday  Evening,  27th  Sept.  [  1 786]  Voted,  to  have  the  Band  of  Musick  on  our 
next  Muster  day,  being  ye  first  Monday  in  October  next,  &  ye  expense  be  paid  out  of  ye 
Company's  stock.  Attest.     Wm  Dawes,  Jr.   Clerk, 

"Monday,  Muster  day.  2d  Oct.  1786.  Voted,  there  be  a  Committee  to  join  the 
Treasurer  to  settle  with  the  debtors  to  ye  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company  upon 
ye  best  possible  manner ;  &  also,  to  Revise  the  list  of  ye  members  &  report  their  doings 
as  soon  as  may  be.  Committee,  Capt  Wm  Bell  [1756],  Col  Thomas  Dawes  [1754], 
Col  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Maj.  Wm  Dawes,  Jun  [1768],  Capt  John  Winslow  [1786  |, 
Capt  J.  Stutson  [1765],  Capt  Amasa  Davis  [1786] 

"  Attest.     Wm  Dawes,  Jun.   Clerk. 

"October  nth,  1786.     At  Faneuil  Hall, 

"Voted,  the  Company  continue  its  Military  exercise  on  Wednesday  Evening;  the 
Roll  to  be  called  at  seven  o'clock.  Those  members  then  absent  to  pay  a  fine  of  six 
pence ;  if  absent  the  evening  [to  pay]  one  shilling,  unless  sick  or  out  of  town.  Such 
members  as  attend  without  arms  be  considered  as  Absent  &  pay  a  fine  of  1/. 

"  Voted  That  the  Clerk  be  directed  to  notify  the  Company  of  the  above  vote,  &  to  call 
the  Company  together  on  Wednesday  Evening  next  with  their  Arms  &  Accoutrements. 

"Voted,  Col  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Capt  John  Winslow  [1786],  &  Mr.  Thomas  S. 
Boardman  [1774]  be  a  Committee  to  light  the  Hall  for  duty  as  above. 

"  Attest,     William  Dawes,  Jun.   Clerk. 

"October  19th,  1786.  The  Committee  appointed  Oct.  2d,  1786,  for  the  purpose  of 
Revising  the  list  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  and  for  the  purpose 
of  Enquiring  into  the  state  of  their  finances  beg  leave  to  report  so  far  as  respects  the 
Revision  of  the  list,  that  the  following  Persons  be  considered  as  Members,  &  the  Clerk 
be  directed  to  enter  their  Names  on  the  Book.  That  no  Person  be  considered  as  a 
Member,  whose  name  is  not  entered  in  the  Company's  New  Book  opened  August 
4th,  1786.  Attest     William  Dawes,  Jr.   Clerk. 

1  "On  Monday  last  [Sept.  4,  1786]  for  the  first  "  It  was  gratifying  to  the  real  friends  of  this 

time,  since  the  commencement  of  the  late  Revolu-  country,  to  see  our  aged  citizens,  some  of  whom  were 

tion,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  near  seventy  years  of  age,  equipped  in  the  accoutre- 

commanded   by  Major  Bell,  paraded  at  the  State  ments  of  soldiers  and  setting   an  example  to   the 

house   in  this   town,   and,  preceded  by  a  band  of  younger  part  of  the  community,  that  should  their 

musick,    marched   into   the   common,   where   they  country  require  their  aid  in  the  field,  they  might  be 

performed   a   number  of  military   exercises  —  after  found  ready  disciplined  and  fit  for  immediate  ser- 

which  they  marched  to  Faneuil  Hall,  discharged  a  vice." —  Massachusetts  Centinel,  Sept.  6,  1786. 
volley  of  small  arms  and  finished  the  day  much  to 
their  honour,  and  the  credit  of  the  town. 


220 


HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1786 


Members  Voted  on  the  Honorary  List. 


Capt.  Samuel  Barratt  [1755]- 
John  Deming  [1756]. 
John  Bartlett  [1769] 


Capt.  William  Bell  [1756]. 
Col.  Thomas  Dawes  [1754]. 
John  Stutson  [1765]. 


List  of  Members,  1786. 


Col.  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]. 
Capt.  Daniel  Jones  [1754]. 
Col.  Thomas  Dawes  [1754]. 
Capt.  William  Bell  [1756]. 
Robert  Jenkins  [1756]. 
Col.  Edward  Proctor  [1756]. 
Benjamin  Edes  [1760]. 
Col.. Thomas  Marshall  [1761]. 
Capt.  Caleb  Champney  [1762]. 
Capt.  John  Wells  [1765]. 
Maj.-Gen.  William  Heath  [1765]. 
Capt.  Christopher  Marshall  [1765]. 
Maj.  Ephraim  May  [1765]. 
Capt.  John  Stutson  [1765]. 
Ebenezer  Torrey  [1765]. 
William  Homes  [Jr.,  1766]. 
Maj.  William  Dawes,  Jr.  [1768]. 
Capt.  Jacob  Williams  [1768]. 
Capt.  Israel  Loring  [1768]. 
John  Fullerton  [1768]. 
Capt.  Joseph  Pierce  [1769]. 
Col  Josiah  Waters  [Jr.,  1769]. 
Capt.  Manasseh  Marston  [1769]. 
John  Bartlett  [1769]. 
Daniel  Rea  [Jr:,  1770]. 
Capt.  John  Hinkley»[i772j. 
Jeremiah  Bumstead  [1773]. 
Capt.  Joseph  Eaton  [1773]. 
William  Walker  [1773]. 
Stephen  Gore  [1773]. 
William  Todd,  Jr.  [1773]. 
Samuel  Belknap  [1773]. 
Samuel  Wild  [1773]. 
John  Howe  [1773]. 
Nathaniel  Call  [1774]. 
Joseph  Spear  [Jr.,  1774]. 
Thomas  S.  Bordman  [1774]. 
Jacob  Gill  [1774]. 
Maj.-Gen.  John  Brooks  [1786]. 
Hon.  Caleb  Davis  [1786]. 


John  Lucas,  Esq.  [1786]. 

CoLJohn  May  [1786]. 

Maj.  Robert  Davis  [1786]. 

Capt.  John  Winslow  [1786]. 

Capt.  William  Cunningham  [1786]. 

Capt.  Joshua  Farrington  [1786]. 

Capt.  Alexander  Hodgdon  [1786]. 

Isaac  Davenport  [1786]. 

William  Brown  [1786]. 

Capt.  Amasa  Davis  [1786]. 

John  Coolidge  [1786]. 

Samuel  Emery  [1786]. 

Richard  Gardner  [1786]. 

Capt.  William  Bordman,  Jr.  [1786]. 

Andrew  Oliver  [1786].' 

Zechariah  Hicks  [1786]. 

Thomas  Newell,  Jr.  [1786]. 

Samuel  Greenough  [1786]. 

James  Lanman  [1786]. 

Jonathan  Balch  [1786]. 

Capt.  Henry  Prentiss  [1786]. 

Joseph  Coffin  Boyd  [1786]. 

Pepperell  Tyler  [1786]. 

Russell  Sturgis  [1786]. 

Samuel  Todd  [1786]. 

Capt.  Thomas  Wells  [1786]. 

Capt.  John  Johnston  [1786]. 

Jonas  Clark  Minot  [1786]. 

Maj.-Gen.  Benjamin  Lincoln  [1786]. 

John  Avery,  Jr.  [1786J. 

Col.  Ebenezer  Battelle  [1786]. 

Capt.  Francis  Green  [1786]. 

Capt.  T.  Phillips  [1786]. 

Capt.  Joseph  Ford  [1786]. 

Samuel  Gore  [1786]. 

Edward  Curtis  [1786]. 

Andrew  Cunningham  [1786]. 

John  Brazer  [1786]. 

Samuel  Hastings  [1786]. 

Thomas  Clark  [1786]. 


i7S6]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  221 

"At  a  Meeting  at  Faneuil  Hall,  19th  October,  1786.  Your  Committee  report  the 
following  members,  who  now  stand  on  the  Company's  old  Book,  delinquent  as  neglecting 
their  duty,  viz:  Capt  Hopestill  Capen  [1763],  Mr.  Thomas  Sherburne  [1769],  Maj. 
John  Boyle  [1769],  Mr.  Levi  Jennings  [1764],  Mr.  Thomas  Russell  [1769],  Mr.  Martin 
Bicker  [1771],  Mr  Samuel  Searle  [1765]  ;  also,  your  Committee  recommend  that  you 
reconsider  your  Vote  of  the  4th  August  1786,  giving  direction  to  your  Treasurer  to  invest 
the  Company  Monies  in  Government  Securities,  and  order  that  he  retain  the  same  in  his 
own  hand  until  further  orders.     N.  B.    The  above  accepted. 

"  Attest,     William  Dawes  Jr.  Clerk. 

"  At  a  meeting  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  25th  October,  1786. 
Wednesday  Evening. 

"His  Excellency,  Capt  General,  by  the  Gentlemen  Selectmen  of  the  Town  of 
Boston  applied  to  the  Company  for  their  aid  in  the  present  emergency  of  Public  Affairs. 
The  Company  immediately  unanimously  Voted,  their  readiness  to  exert  themselves  in 
everything  in  their  power  in  support  of  the  Government  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  to 
hold  themselves  in  readiness  on  the  shortest  notice  to  turn  out  in  defence  of  the  same. 
Voted,  unanimously,  that  the  Company  be  reviewed  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  Saturday  5  o'clock, 
28th  inst :  and  that  it  be  strictly  enjoined  on  every  member  to  appear  compleat,  with 
twenty-five  rounds  of  powder  &  Ball,  with  every  equipment  necessary  to  compleat  a 
soldier  for  immediate  service,  &  agreeable  to  His  Excellency's  request,  the  Company 
appoint  a  Committee  consisting  of  five  members  of  the  Company,  viz  :  Maj.  Ephraim 
May  [1773],  Capt  Henry  Prentiss  [1786],  Col  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Col  John  May 
[1786],  Capt  Caleb  Champney  [1762]  to  find  gentlemen,  who,  upon  the  present  emer- 
gency of  publick  affairs,  to  accept  of  the  command  of  the  several  companies  of  Militia 
of  the  Town  of  Boston.  The  Committee  appointed  on  this  Business,  &  the  gentlemen 
who  were  recommended  accepted  their  appointments. 

"At  a  Meeting  at  Faneuil  Hall,  26th  Oct.  1786.  Voted,  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769], 
act  as  Adjutant  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company  until  the  Muster  day  in 
April  1787.  Attest;     William  Dawes  Jr.  Clerk. 

"  At  a  Meeting,  Saturday  Evening  28th  inst.  Voted,  Doctor  John  Warren,  Esq,  be 
Surgeon  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company  —  Unanimous  in  said  vote. 
Voted,  the  Company  meet  on  Monday  Evening  for  exercise  at  six  o'clock  instead  of 
Wednesday  Evening  as  was  Voted  nth  inst. 

"Saturday,  The  Company  met  agreeable  to  orders,  when  the  members  were  com- 
pleat according  to  orders,  and  again  declared  their  readiness  to  comply  with  the  orders 
of  the  Commander  in  Chief  on  the  shortest  Notice,  and  adjourned  to  Monday  evening 
the  30th  inst.  when  William  Dawes  Jr.  [1768]  was  appointed  Commissary  of  ye  Com- 
pany &  John  Lucas  Esq.  [1786]  Qr.  Master.  Oct  30th.  Voted,  the  Clerk  be  directed 
to  procure  black  6°  white  balls  for  the  admission  of  Members,  &  that  persons  be  pro- 
posed for  admission  on  next  Monday  evening.  Those  persons  who  are  admitted,  to 
comply  with  all  the  Rules  &  Regulations  of  the  Company.  &  to  be  legally  admitted  as 
members  on  the  first  Field  day,  if  the  Company  approve  their  conduct  through  the 
winter. 

"  Nov.  6th.  Voted,  no  Member  of  the  Company  be  put  on  the  Honorary  List 
except  on  Muster  days.  Voted,  That  no  person  be  admitted  a  Member  of  this  Company 
unless  he  has  the  Yeas  of  three-quarters  of  the  Members  present." 


222  HISTORY   OF  THE    ANCIENT   AND 


[1786 


The  newspapers  of  Boston  announced  on  Saturday,  Oct.  21,  1786,  that,  the  Thurs- 
day previous  being  "the  anniversary  of  the  capture  of  Lord  Cornwallis  and  a  British 
army,  the  new  company  of  Independent  Cadets,  commanded  by  Col.  Bradford,  made 
their  first  public  parade  "  in  Boston.  On  this  occasion,  the  governor  presented  the 
company  with  a  standard,  "bearing  on  one  side  his  Excellency's  arms,  and,  on  the 
reverse,  those  of  the  company,  with  the  thirteen  stripes  on  each,  upon  a  ground  of 
white." 

Dr.  John  Warren  was  the  first  recorded  surgeon  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company.  He  was  a  son  of  Joseph  Warren,  Jr.,  of  Roxbury,  a  brother  of  Gen. 
Joseph  Warren,  and  was  born  July  27,  1753.  The  homestead  was  on  Warren  Street,  on 
Warren  Place,  opposite  St.  James  Street.  An  elegant  stone  building,  with  a  suitable 
inscription,  now  occupies  this  site.  He  married,  Nov.  2,  1777,  Abigail  Collins,  of  New- 
port, R.  I.  He  attended  the  Roxbury  Grammar  School,  entered  Harvard  College  in 
July,  1767,  and  graduated  four  years  later.  After  graduation  he  began  the  study  of 
medicine  under  his  brother,  Dr.  Joseph  Warren.  In  1773,  Dr.  John  Warren  established 
himself  at  Salem,  and  practised  his  profession  On  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  the  regiment 
of  that  town  marched  to  Lexington,  and  Dr.  Warren  accompanied  it  as  its  surgeon.  He 
kept  a  journal,  especially  interesting  in  its  record  of  events  in  and  around  Boston  during 
the  early  part  of  the  Revolutionary  War.  Dr.  John  Warren  had  a  portion  of  the  care  in 
administering  to  the  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  and  was  appointed  a  hospital 
surgeon  by  Washington,  during  the  siege  of  Boston.  He  took  part  in  the  campaign  on 
Long  Island,  and  was  in  the  battles  of  Trenton  and  Princeton.  In  1777,  he  was 
appointed  superintending  surgeon  of  the  military  hospitals  in  Boston,  — a  position  which 
he  occupied  until  peace  was  declared.  In  1780  and  1 781,  he  delivered,  by  request, 
medical  lectures  in  a  military  hospital  then  situated  on  the  corner  of  the  present  Milton 
and  Spring  streets,  and  a  third  course,  in  1782,  was  delivered  at  the  Molineux  House, 
on  Beacon  Street.  Dr.  Warren  drew  up,  in  the  summer  of  1782,  a  plan  for  a  medical 
institution,  to  be  connected  with  Harvard  University,  which  was  adopted  by  the  corpora- 
tion, Sept.  19,  1782,  and  Dr.  Warren  was  elected,  Nov.  22,  1782,  professor  of  anatomy 
and  surgery  in  that  institution.  He  was,  therefore,  the  founder  of  the  medical  school, 
which  forms  one  of  the  present  departments  of  Harvard  University. 

In  1784,  he  established  the  hospital  at  Point  Shirley.  In  the  same  year,  he  was 
elected  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Medical  Society,  and  was  also  president  of  the 
Massachusetts  Humane  and  Agricultural  Societies.  He  delivered  the  first  Fourth  of 
July  oration  before  the  citizens  of  the  town  of  Boston,  July  4,  1783. 

May  2,  1780,  Dr.  John  Warren  became  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M.  Having  held  minor  offices  in  that  Lodge,  he  became  its  master,  and, 
after  faithful  service  in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  was  elected  in  that  body 
Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  Massachusetts.  He  held  this  office  in  1783,  1784,  and  1787, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1794,  but  declined  to  accept  it.  He  died  April  4,  1815,  at  his 
residence  on  School  Street. 

Dr,  John  Warren.  Authorities:  Life  of  John  fore   the   Grand   Lodge   of  Mass. ;    Loring's  One 

Warren,  by  his  son,  Edward  Warren;    Eulogies  en  Hundred    Boston   Orators;     Medical    Men    of    the 

John    Warren,  by  Dr.  James   Jackson,   before  the  Revolution,  p.  30. 
Mass.  Med.  Society,  and  by  Dr.  Josiah  Bartlett,  be- 


1787]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  223 

p.  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1787  were  :  John  Brooks 

[7(j7 ,  (1786),  captain;  Josiah  Waters   (1769),  lieutenant,  and  Ebenezer  Torrey 

(1765),  ensign.    William  Todd,  Jr.  (1773),  was  first  sergeant ;  John  Johnston 

(1786),  second  sergeant;  Francis  Green  (1786),  third  sergeant;  Thomas  Wells  (1786), 

fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Winslow  (1786),  clerk. 

About  sunset,  on  Friday  evening,  April  20,  1787,  a  fire  broke  out  in  a  malt-house, 
near  the  Liberty  Pole,  at  the  South  End.  ft  was  the  greatest  that  had  occurred  in  the 
town  since  1760.  About  one  hundred  buildings  were  destroyed,  including  one  meeting- 
house and  fifty  dwellings.  ft  burned  on  both  sides  of  Orange,  now  Washington,  Street, 
and  the  houses  of  several  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  were  consumed. 

fn  1787,  and  for  some  years  afterward,  Benjamin  Lincoln  (1786)  was  major-general 
in  command  of  the  First  Division,  of  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  John  Brooks 
(1786)  was  major-general  in  command  of  the  Third  Division. 

April  7,  1787,  an  independent  company  of  cavalry,  called  the  Governor's  Horse 
Guard  was  formed,  Col.  James  Swan  being  elected  commander.  They  made  their  first 
public  appearance  in  uniform  (red,  faced  with  blue),  June  21,  1787. 

May  25,  1787,  the  Republican  Volunteers,  under  the  command  of  Major  Bartlett 
(1769),  appeared  in  complete  uniform  for  the  first  time.  This  company  was  instituted 
the  17th  of  November  preceding.  Their  uniform  was  red,  faced  with  black.  June  16, 
the  governor  presented  the  Volunteers  with  a  standard.  Their  second  commander  was 
Capt.  Lemuel  Gardner  (1787),  who  was  unanimously  chosen  in  August,  1787. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1787  were:  William  Bird, 
William  Call,  Benjamin  Cobb,  Jr.,  William  Dall,  Phineas  Dana,  John  Fenno,  Lemuel 
Gardner,  John  Green,  David  Hatch,  Peter  Parker,  William  Shattuck,  Ezra  Whitney, 
Jeremiah  Williams. 

William  Bird  (1787),  innkeeper,  of  Boston.  He  was  published  to  marry  Polly 
Bayley,  Nov.  24,  1784.  Mr.  Bird  (1787)  was  adjutant  of  the  Suffolk  County  Brigade 
Train  of  Artillery  in  1784,  captain  of  Ward  12  military  company,  in  Boston,  in  1787,  was 
commissioned  major  in  the  Boston  regiment,  in  March,  1788,  and  was  first  sergeant  6f 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1788. 

The  directory  of  Boston  for  1796  gives  "William  Bird,  innkeeper,  Washington 
Street."  "Bird's  Tavern,  so  called  in  1796,  known  in  Revolutionary  times  as  Edward 
Richardson's,  and  afterward  as  Bellow's,  still  stands  in  the  angle  formed  by  the  intersec- 
tion of  Belmont  Street  with  the  old  Watertown  road.  It  was  the  hiding-place  where  the 
colony  cannon  and  intrenching  tools  were  concealed.  It  was  also  a  favorite  resort  for 
Burgoyne's  officers  on  account  of  the  cockpit  on  the  other  side  of  the  road.  The 
faculty  of  Harvard  College  ate  their  annual  dinner  there  for  many  years."  1 

William  Call  (1787),  baker,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Richard  and  Mary  (King)  Call, 
of  Charlestown,  was  born  Feb.  27,  1732-3.  He  followed  the  trade  of  his  father.  In 
1760  he  bought  of  Jonathan  Bradish  the  bakehouse  in  which  his  father,  who  died  in 
i  756,  had  done  his  business,  but  he  subsequently  moved  to  Boston.  He  was  a  brother 
of  Capt.  Nathaniel  Call  (1774).     Capt. William  Call  (1787)  was  living  in  Boston  in  1782. 

William   Bird   (1787).      AUTHORITY:  Boston  '  Saturday  Evening  Gazette,  1886, "Taverns  in 

Records.  Olden  Times,  N  •.  5." 

William  Call  (1787).    Authority:  Wyman's 
Genealogies  and  Estates  of  Charlestown. 


224  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  j-,^ 

Benjamin  Cobb,  Jr.  (1787),  distiller,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Bethia 
(Homer)  Cobb,  was  born  in  Yarmouth,  Mass.,  and  was  published,  November,  1780,  to 
marry  Lucy  Jackson.  His  distillery  was  on  "Orange  Street ;  house,  Washington  Street." 
Benjamin  Cobb,  Jr.'s  (1787),  mother  was  a  niece  of  Michael  Homer  (1768). 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  of  Mr.  Cobb  (1787),  he  was  "admitted  a  member  of 
the  church  while  young,  and  was  a  worthy,  industrious,  and  respectable  man,  having  a 
large  family."     He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

William  Dall  (1787),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth  Dall,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Dec.  22,  1753,  and  he  died  Sept.  18,  1829.  He  was  published,  Jan.  17, 
1781,  to  marry  Mary  Parker,  of  Boston.  He  is  given  in  the  Boston  Directory  of  1796 
as  "  shop-keeper,  Orange  Street;  house,  Washington  Street."  He  never  held  any  office 
in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  was  identified  with  the  militia,  and  held  the  grade  of 
captain. 

Phineas  Dana  (1787). 

John  Fenno  (1787),  "  cordwainer,  leather-bucket  maker,  and  maker  of  hose  for 
engines  and  West  India  use,"  on  Orange  Street,  son  of  John  and  Hannah,  his  wife,  was 
born  in  Boston,  May  4,  1732.     He  was  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1788. 

John  Fenno  (1787)  joined  the  Old  South  Church,  Jan.  5,  1772,  and  became  a  mem- 
ber of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  May  2,  1774.  He  visited  Massachu- 
setts Grand  Lodge  in  1773  and  1779. 

Lemuel  Gardner  (1787),  cooper,  of  Boston,  was  published  to  marry  Deborah  Hum- 
phreys, of  Weymouth,  July  9,  1777.  He  became  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church, 
April  7,  1782.  Capt.  Gardner  (1787)  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1790,  ensign  in  1792,  lieutenant  in  1799,  and  its  captain  in  1803.  In  1789,  his 
cooper's  shop  was  on  Garaner's  Wharf,  and  his  residence  on  Fish,  now  North,  Street. 
He  was  one  of  the  contributors,  June  18,  1792,  towards  purchasing  a  new  bell  for  the 
New  Brick  Society.  The  bell  bore  this  inscription,  "The  First  Church  Bell  cast  in 
Boston,  1792,  by  P.  Revere." 

"  He  lived  at  a  time  of  prosperity  among  mechanics  in  Boston,  who,  earning  their 
money  easy,  lived  generously.  He  belonged  to  a  set,  very  hospitable,  whose  sideboards 
were  loaded  with  plate,  and  who  brought  up  their  families  in  expensive  style.  They 
were  enterprising,  ready  to  promote  all  public  improvements,  firm  friends,  carried  a  great 
sway  in  public,  sung  good  songs,  and  seldom  had  a  heavy  heart  or  felt  want." 

He  was  elected  captain  of  the  Independent  Corps  of  Republican  Volunteers  in 
August,  1787.     His  brother,  Joshua,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1798. 

John  Green  ( 1787)  was  born  in  1759.  He  was  published  to  marry  Rebecca  Gorden, 
"forbid  by  her  mother,"  Dec.  16,  1777.  He  died  at  Cambridgeport,  Mass.,  June  24, 
1826,  aged  sixty-seven  years. 

Benjamin  Cobb,  Jr.  (1787).    Authorities:  John  Fenno  (1787).    Authorities :  Boston 
Boston  Records;   Bridgman's  Mem.  of  King's  Chapel  Records;    Early  Masonic  Records. 
Burial-Ground.  Lemuel  Gardner  (1787).   Authorities  :  Bos- 
William   Dall   (1787).      Authority:   Boston  ton  Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Corn- 
Records,  pany,  2d  Ed. 


1787]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  225 

David  Hatch  (1787),  broker,  of  Boston.  His  office  was  No.  28  Marlborough,  now 
Washington,  Street.     He  was  captain  of  the  Ward   10  military  company  in  Boston,  in 

1787-8. 

Peter  Parker  (1787),  son  of  John  and  Experience  (Cloyes)  Parker,  was  born  in 
Framingham,  Oct.  3,  1738.  He  married,  Dec.  8,  1761,  Ruth  Eaton.  He  became  a 
leading  citizen  of  Framingham  :  was  one  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence,  Inspec- 
tion, and  Safety  during  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  one  of  the  committee  of  the  town 
appointed  to  provide  for  the  families  of  the  soldiers  who  enlisted  in  the  Continental 
Army.  He  was  active  in  the  church  of  which  he  became  a  member  May  22,  1763; 
was  selectmen  in  1777,  and  from  1779  t0  1782  inclusive;  town  treasurer  from  1783  to 
1786  inclusive,  and  was  one  of  a  committee  of  fifty  persons  to  examine  the  new  constitu- 
tion of  Massachusetts,  in  1780.  He  was  also  town  collector  and  a  member  of  the  com- 
pany of  alarm  soldiers,  under  Capt.  Kmmes.  He  was  a  member  of  the  militia  for  many 
years,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain. 

Capt.  Parker  (1787)  died  Nov.  5,  1803,  aged  sixty-five  years. 

William  Shattuck  (1787),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Martha  (Ham- 
mond) Shattuck,  of  Roxbury,  was  born  in  Newton,  Dec.  24,  1749,  and  died  in  New  York, 
April  2,  1807,  aged  fifty-eight  years.  His  place  of  business  was  No.  41  Long  Wharf,  and 
his  residence,  in  1796,  was  on  Milk  Street,  just  below  the  Old  South.  Mr.  Shattuck 
(1787)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  of  Boston,  in  1777,  at 
the  same  time  that  Edward  Tuckerman  (1765)  did.  During  the  Revolution,  and  for  a 
short  time  before  and  after,  he  was  one  of  the  most  prominent  and  wealthy  merchants 
of  Boston.  He  became  involved  to  a  very  large  amount  by  indorsements  for  other 
parties,  and,  it  is  said,  lost  thereby  over  one  hundred  thousand  dollars.  He  applied  his 
wealth  to  the  payment  of  these  debts,  and  afterward  was  employed  in  the  custom-house 
in  Boston.  He  held  that  position  from  1789  until  his  decease.  He  married  Martha, 
daughter  of  Peter  and  Sarah  Payson.     She  died  March  26,  1807. 

Ezra  Whitney  (1787),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  James  and  Martha  (Rice) 
Whitney,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1730.     He  married,  (1)   Feb.  14,  1754,  Mary  Morse,  (2) 

Elizabeth ,  (3)  in  1760,  Agnes  Ross.     For  a  short  time  he  resided  in  Boston.     His 

store,  where  he  sold  West  India  goods,  and  his  residence,  were  on  Orange,  now  Washing- 
ton, Street.  He  was  lieutenant  in  the  Ward  12  military  company  of  Boston  in  1787-8. 
He  died  Sept.  24,  1804,  aged  seventy-four  years. 

Jeremiah  Williams  (1787),  blacksmith,  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Jeremiah  and  Katherine, 
was  born  in  that  town,  Nov.  10,  1762.  He  married,  in  August,  1787,  Matilda,  the 
youngest  daughter  of  Hon.  Caleb  Davis  (1786).  He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  rose 
to  the  grade  of  captain.  He  resided  in  the  old  mansion,  yet  standing,  on  the  corner 
of  Amory  Street,   near  the  railroad   bridge,  in  Roxbury,  known  as   the   "John  Curtis 

Peter  Parker  (1787).    Authorities:  Barry's  Ezra  Whitney  (1787).    Authority:  Whit- 

Hist.  of  Framingham;   Parker  Genealogy.  ney  Genealogy. 

William  Shattuck  (1787).    Authority:  Bos-  Jeremiah  Williams  (1787).     Authorities: 

ton  Records.  Crane's  Tea  Leaves  of  1773,  p.  170;    Roxbury  Rec- 

ords;  Drake's  Hist,  of  Roxbury,  p.  398. 


2  26  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1787 


House."  He  was  a  nephew  of  Col.  Joseph,  a  distinguished  citizen,  and  a  brother  of 
Major  Edward  Payson  Williams,  an  officer  of  the  Revolutionary  Army,  who  died  in 
the  service. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1787  is  as  follows  :  — 

"January,  1787.  The  Committee  appointed  to  consider  what,  in  their  opinion 
would  be  the  most  proper  uniform  for  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company, 
having  attended  that  duty,  beg  leave  to  Report :  —  1st.  The  Coats  be  made  of  deep  blue 
cloth,  &  faced  with  buff,  lappelled,  &  straps  on  the  shoulders  to  secure  the  belts,  with 
hooks  &  eyes  at  the  skirts;  the  Buttons  plain  yellow,  double-washed.  2d  Buff  Vest  & 
Breeches,  buttons  uniform  with  the  Coats.  3d  A  plain  black  hatt,  with  a  black  button 
loop  &  cockade,  cocked  soldier  like  &  uniform  as  possible.  4th.  White  linen  spatter- 
dashes, to  fasten  under  the  foot  &  come  part  up  the  thigh,  with  black  buttons  &  black 
Garters  to  buckle  below  the  knee.  5th.  White  Stocks.  6th  Bayonett  &  Pouch  Belts  — 
white  —  two  &  half  inches  wide,  to  be  worn  over  the  Shoulders.  7th.  The  pouches  to 
be  uniform.  8th.  The  Hair  to  be  Clubbed.  9th.  The  Guns  to  be  as  nigh  uniform  as 
possible.  10th.  White  Ruffled  Shirts,  at  Wrist  &  Bosom,  nth.  Your  Committee 
recommend  that  our  Standard  have  a  device  and  motto,  &  that  a  Committee  be 
appointed  for  that  purpose.  12th.  That  the  drums  &  fifes  uniform  be  the  same  as  the 
Company  Coats  reversed.  —  The  above  Report  read  by  paragraphs  &  accepted  by  a 
large  majority  of  the  Company.  The  Committee  appointed  to  attend  to  the  motto  & 
device  on  the  Standard  consist  of  five.  The  Company  made  choice  of  the  following 
gentlemen,  Samuel  Gore  [1786],  John  Johnston  [1786],  Capt.  Bell  [1756],  Josiah 
Waters  [1769],  John  May  [1786].  The  Company  Voted,  That  the  musick  Clothing 
shall  be  paid  for  out  of  the  Company's  funds  by  a  draft  on  the  Treasurer.  Voted,  that 
Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769]  shall  get  a  complete  uniform  made  &  appear  with  the  same 
before  the  Company  as  a  pattern.  Attest ;     William  Dawes,  Jun.  Clerk. 

"Friday,  May  nth.  1787.  Voted,  that  Capt  W™  Bell  [1756],  Capt  John  Stutson 
[1765]  Maj.  William  Dawes  [1768],  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  &  Col.  Amasa  Davis 
[1786]  be  a  Committee  to  provide  a  Dinner  for  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Company  of 
Artillery  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  Monday  the  fourth  day  of  June  next.  Voted,  as  the  Com- 
pany have  passed  a  vote  to  allow  thirty  pounds  out  of  the  Funds  of  said  Company,  that 
every  member  bear  an  equal  Proportion  of  the  sum  necessary  to  complete  the  expenses 
of  the  day,  that  may  arise  over  &  above  the  thirty  pounds.  The  Committee  appointed 
to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Clarke  to  preach  the  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  have  waited 
on  him,  and  report  to  the  Company  that  he  complies  with  their  request. 

"Attest;     William  Dawes,  Jun.  Clerk. 

"Monday,  June  4th.  1787.  The  weather  being  bad,  the  Company  met  at  the  Old 
South  Meeting  House,  waited  on  the  Governor,  Lt  Governor,  &  Council  from  the  Council 
Chamber  to  the  Brick  Meeting  House.  The  Rev.  Mr.  John  Clarke  preached  a  Sermon 
adapted  to  the  occasion.  The  Company  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  a  dinner  was 
provided.  At  four  o'clock  they  marched  into  the  Common,  where,  under  arms,  they 
unanimously  made  choice  of  the  following  Gentlemen  as  Officers  to  the  Company  for  the 
present  year,  viz  :  — 

"Major  General  John  Brooks  [1786],  Captain.  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Lieuten- 
ant. Mr.  Ebenezer  Torrey  [1765],  Ensign.  Capt.  William  Todd,  Jun  [1773],  Capt, 
John  Johnston  [1786],  Capt  Francis  Green  [1786]  &  Capt.  Thomas  Wells  [1786]  as 


1787]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  227 

Sergeants;  John  Winslow  [1786]  as  Clerk;  Col.  Joseph  Jackson  [1738]  as  Treasurer. 
The  Company  then  adjourned  to  the  Hall.  Voted,  that  Capt  Bell  [1756],  Capt.  Stut- 
son  [1765],  Gen  Brooks  [1786],  Col.  Waters  [1769]  &  Mr.  Torrey  [1765]  be  a  Com- 
mittee to  wait  on  Mr.  Clarke  &  return  him  the  Company's  thanks,  and  desire  a  copy  of 
his  Sermon  for  the  press.  Voted  that  the  Company  meet  on  Monday  evening  next,  at 
the  Hall,  at  seven  o'clock.  Attest ;     John  Winslow,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  June  nth.  The  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  at  seven  o'clock  for 
exercise.  Voted,  The  Thanks  of  the  Company  be  given  to  Maj.  William  Dawes  Jun. 
[1768]  for  his  faithful  services  as  Clerk.  Voted,  That  Mr.  Robert  Jenkins  [1756]  &  Mr. 
Thomas  Clark  [1786]  be  a  Committee  to  examine  the  Clerk's  accounts.  Voted,  That  Gen. 
John  Brooks  [1786],  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Mr  Ebenezer  Torrey  [1765]  &  Col.  Joseph 
Jackson  [1738]  be  a  Committee  to  take  up  the  finances  of  the  Company  at  large,  in  such 
way  &  manner  as  they  may  judge  necessary—  to  take  such  counsel  of  whatever  kind  they 
may  think  expedient,  and  in  all  respects  conduct  for  the  Company  as  though  they  were 
acting  for  themselves,  and  make  report  of  their  doings  as  soon  as  may  be.  Voted,  That 
the  Company  meet  once  a  fortnight  for  exercise  'till  the  first  of  August  next. 

"  Monday,  September.  —  ,  Capt  William  Bell  [1756]  presented  the  Company  with 
two  Espontoons  &  desired  their  acceptance.  Voted,  The  thanks  of  the  Company  be 
given  to  Capt  Bell  [1756]  for  the  compliment  made  them.  Voted,  Unanimously,  that 
Capt.  Bell  [1756]  be  on  the  Honorary  List  agreeable  to  his  request 

"  Monday,  October.  Faneuil  Hall.  Voted,  The  Company  meet  for  exercise  the  first 
Monday  evening  in  Feb'y  next,  at  6  o'clock." 

On  Monday,  April  2,  1787,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  of  Massa- 
chusetts, commanded  by  Major  Bell  (1756),  paraded  in  State  Street,  and  marched  into 
the  Common,  where  they  went  through  their  usual  manoeuvres  and  evolutions.  The 
Company  was  in  uniform,  and  made  a  fine  appearance. 

June  4,  1787,  being  the  first  Monday  in  June,  agreeably  to  their  charter,  and  accord- 
ing to  ancient  custom,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  held  their  annual 
election. 

The  corps,  escorting  his  Excellency  the  governor,  his  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor, 
and  several  other  distinguished  characters,  accompanied  by  the  officers  of  the  regiment 
of  militia,  and  those  of  the  Independent  Cadets,  Light  Infantry,  Republican  Volunteers, 
and  Fusileers,  proceeded  from  the  council  chamber  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-House, 
where  the  Rev.  John  Clarke  delivered  the  anniversary  discourse.  After  divine  service,  the 
procession  was  joined  by  the  officers  of  the  troop  of  horse,  selectmen,  and  other  gentle- 
men, and  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  the  whole  participated  in  an  elegant  enter- 
tainment provided  by  the  corps,  which  concluded  with  a  number  of  patriotic  toasts. 

In  the  afternoon,  by  invitation  of  the  governor,  the  gentlemen  of  the  procession 
repaired  to  his  Excellency's  house,  where  they  partook  of  a  cold  collation,  tea,  coffee, 
etc.  The  Artillery,  having  marched  into  the  Common,  elected  their  officers  for  the 
current  year,  viz.:  Hon.  Major-Gen.  John  Brooks  (1786),  captain ;  Col  Josiah  Waters 
(1769),  lieutenant ;  Mr.  Ebenezer  Torrey  (1765),  ensign.  The  Artillery  Company  then 
proceeded  to  the  mansion  of  his  Excellency  Gov.  John  Hancock,  where,  having  partaken 
of  refreshments,  they  paraded  on  the  ground  marked  out  for  the  purpose.  His 
Excellency  the  governor,  the  lieutenant-governor,  with  other  gentlemen,  repaired  thither, 
and,  being  seated,  the  corps  performed  their  several  manoeuvres  and  firings.     His  Excel- 


228  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1787 


lency  then,  agreeably  to  ancient  usage,  received  their  badges  from  the  officers  of  the 
past  year,  and  delivered  the  same  to  the  newly  elected.  The  business  of  the  day  being 
concluded,  the  corps,  escorting  a  number  of  gentlemen  of  the  procession,  returned  to 
Faneuil  Hall,  and  finished  the  day  with  those  pleasing  sensations  which  friendship,  good 
humor,  and  conviviality  inspire.  At  dinner  the  corps  were  honored  with  the  company 
of  the  honorable  French  and  Dutch  consuls,  several  of  the  reverend  clergy,  and  a  large 
number  of  respectable  gentlemen. 

Sept.  3,  1787,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  made  their  first 
autumnal  parade  on  the  Common,  under  the  command  of  Hon.  Major-Gen.  Brooks 
(1786),  the  captain.  The  exercise,  evolutions,  and  firings,  were  performed  in  a  manner 
that  was  honorable  to  the  officers  and  Company,  and  obtained  the  approbation  of 
numerous  spectators. 

Monday,  Oct.  1,  1787,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  of  this 
Commonwealth,  commanded  by  Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786), "made  their  second  autumnal 
appearance,  agreeably  to  charter.  The  Company  marched  from  State  Street  at  twelve 
o'clock,  for  Medford.  At  Charlestown  they  were  received  by  the  Medford  Independent 
Light  Infantry,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Hall,  who  escorted  them  to  the  place  of 
destination. 

The  Artillery  there  performed  the  requisite  firings  and  evolutions,  after  which  they 
dined  at  Blanchard's  tavern,  and  returned  to  Boston  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening. 
Among  the  extemporaneous  toasts  drank  on  this  occasion  were  the  following  :  first,  "  Gen. 
Washington  and  the  Federal  Constitution  " ;  second,  "The  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  reported  by  that  honorable  body" ;  third,  "As  old  Massachusetts  took  the  lead  in 
the  late  glorious  Revolution,  may  she  be  the  first  to  give  a  sanction  to  the  American  Con- 
stitution of  Government";  ninth,  "May  the  man  who  wantonly  opposes  the  American 
Constitution,  framed  by  the  late  convention,  be  marked  as  an  enemy  to  the  liberties  of 
America." 

April  19,  1787,  the  Independent  Light  Infantry,  commanded  by  Major  Otis,  made 
its  first  public  appearance  in  complete  uniform. 

July  24,  1787,  a  corps,  newly  formed,  composed  of  the  non-commissioned  officers  of 
the  Boston  regiment,  made  its  first  public  appearance  in  uniform. 

The  Independent  Corps  of  Republican  Volunteers  celebrated  its  birthday  on  Satur- 
day, Nov.  17,  1787.  On  Thursday,  May  15,  1788,  the  corps  "dissolved,"  on  which 
occasion  the  Company  dined  at  Mr.  Tant's  coffee-house.  After  dinner,  toasts  were  drank. 
Among  them  were  :  "  (9)  May  the  Republican  Volunteer  Corps,  now  dissolved,  ever 
remain  united  as  friends  and  citizens";  and  "  (10)  The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery, —  may  it  ever  be  a  nursery  for  the  soldier,  and  may  every  succeeding  officer 
possess  the  virtues  of  the  present  commander." 

Rev.  John  Clarke  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1787.  He  was  a  son  of 
John  and  Sarah  Clarke,  and  was  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  April  13,  1755.  After  a  long 
residence  at  Portsmouth,  his  father's  family  moved  to  Salem,  Mass.,  where  his  father,  a 
sea-captain  by  occupation,  received  an  appointment  as  clerk  in  a  public  office.  The  son 
entered  the  public  Latin  School  in  1761,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1774.  He 
received  the  'degree  of  A.  M.  in  1777.     After  his  graduation  he  taught  a  few  pupils  for  a 

Rev.  John  Clarke.    Authority:  Ellis's  Hist,  of  First  Church. 


.&- 


6l 


1788]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  229 

short  time,  but  devoted  his  leisure  hours  to  the  study  of  divinity.  He  soon  began  to 
preach,  and  acquired  a  good  reputation  as  a  preacher.  The  First  Church  in  Boston 
invited  him  to  be  the  colleague  of  Dr.  Chauncy.  That  venerable  preacher  welcomed 
Mr.  Clarke  with  great  kindness.  After  Dr.  Chauncy's  death,  Mr.  Clarke  remained  as 
sole  pastor  and  teacher  until  his  earthly  labors  were  ended.  As  he  was  preaching  in  his 
own  pulpit,  April  1,  1798,  he  was  attacked  by  apoplexy,  and  fell  backward.  He  expired 
the  next  morning,  April  2,  at  the  age  of  forty-two  years.  Dr.  Thacher  preached  the 
funeral  sermon.     Two  volumes  of  Dr.  Clarke's  sermons  were  published  after  his  decease. 


qq  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1788  were:  Benjamin 

[  VOL).  Lincoln  (:786)>  captain;  Lieut.-Col.  John  Winslow  (1786),  lieutenant ;  Capt. 

'  John  Johnston  (1786),  ensign.    Major  William  Bird  (1787)  was  first  sergeant ; 

Capt.   Nathaniel   Call  (1774),   second   sergeant;  Major  Andrew  Cunningham   (1786), 

third  sergeant;  Joseph  Spear,  Jr.  (1774),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  Fenno  (1787),  clerk. 

In  1788-9,  Col.  Andrew  Symmes,  Jr.  (1760),  and  Col.  John  Boyle  (1769)  were  aides- 
de-camp  on  Gov.  Hancock's  staff;  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  commanded  the  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia;  Joseph  Hall,  Jr.  (1788),  was  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff 
of  Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786),  commander  of  the  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia.  John  May  (1786)  was  colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment;  John  Winslow  (1786), 
major,  and  Andrew  Cunningham  (1786),  adjutant.  Among  the  line  officers  were  :  Peter 
Green  (1788),  captain  of  company  in  Wards  1  and  2  ;  Lemuel  Gardner  (1787),  captain 
of  company  in  Wards  3  and  4;  Samuel  Prince  (1788),  lieutenant  of  the  same;  David 
Hatch  (1787),  captain  of  company  in  Ward  10;  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  ensign  of 
company  in  Ward  n  ;  William  Bird  (1787),  captain  of  company  in  Ward  12  ;  Ezra  Whit- 
ney (1787)  was  lieutenant  of  the  same. 

Russell  Sturgis  (1786)  was  first  lieutenant  of  the  Company  of  Artillery,  and  Samuel 
Bradlee  (1765)  adjutant  of  the  same. 

Feb.  12,  1788,  agreeably  to  the  orders  of  Major-Gen.  Lincoln  (1786),  appointed  to 
the  command  of  the  First  Division  of  Massachusetts  Militia  in  December,  1785,  the 
several  detached  military  corps  in  Boston  and  vicinity  formed  into  one  battalion  for  the 
purpose  of  celebrating  the  ratification  of  the  Federal  Constitution  by  the  convention  of 
this  State.  This  was  their  first  battalion  formation.  The  corps  comprised  the  following 
companies,  and  are  named  in  order  as  they  were  formed  in  battalion  line,  from  right  to 
left,  viz. :  (1)  Capt.  Tyler's  Horse,  from  Roxbury ;  (2)  Independent  Light  Infantry; 
(3)  Capt.  Spooner's  Artillery,  from  Roxbury;  (4)  Independent  Cadets ;  (5)  Boston 
Fusileers;  (6)  Republican  Volunteers;  (7)  Boston  Artillery;  (8)  Boston  Light 
Infantry  ;  the  whole  commanded  by  Lieut.-Col.  Bradford. 

During  1788,  the  formation  of  companies,  regiments,  brigades,  and  divisions  had 
become  so  perfected  throughout  the  State  that  reviews  were  held  in  the  various  counties, 
and  military  interest  prevailed  in  Massachusetts  as  never  before. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1788  were  :  John  Bray,  Thomas 
Curtis,  Josiah  Eliot,  Peter  Green,  Joseph  Hall,  Jr.,  William  Hull,  Joseph  Loring,  Joseph 
Lovering,  Jr.,  Samuel  Prince,  Benjamin  Russell,  Elisha  Sigourney,  Samuel  Swan,  Eben- 
ezer  Thayer,  Jr.,  Abraham  Wild,  Elijah  Williams. 


230  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,7g8 

John  Bray  (1788),  cooper,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  4,  1761.  He 
married  Sally  Chapman,1  Nov.  10,  1785,  by  whom  he  had  twelve  children,  one  of  whom 
married  Zachariah  G.  Whitman  (1810),  the  former  historian  of   the  Artillery  Company. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  of  Major  Bray  (1788),  that  he  served  his  apprenticeship 
in  Boston  and  Charlestown.  "  Commencing  life  poor,  he  acquired  by  his  industry  an 
independence.  He  was  a  culler  and  packer  of  fish,  having  at  one  time  eighteen  journey- 
men and  apprentices,  on  Spear's  Wharf,  which  he  owned.  As  one  of  three  weighers  and 
gaugers  in  the  custom-house,  who  were  then  paid  by  fees,  I  have  heard  him  say  that  his 
share,  on  one  occasion,  was  seven  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  for  a  month.  After  Gen. 
Lincoln  [1786]  resigned,  he  was  removed  by  his  successor  for  his  political  opinions,  and 
lived  at  ease  on  his  income.  Having  had  small  advantages  of  education,  which  he 
always  lamented,  he  balanced  it  by  providing  the  best  education  for  his  children.  He 
was  passionate,  but  never  vindictive,  and  his  sudden  transitions  were  peculiar.  His 
house  was  the  hospitable  resort  of  old  and  young,  whose  enjoyment  he  delighted  to  wit- 
ness, and  he  was  charitable  and  kind  to  his  poor  neighbors. 

"  In  August,  182 1,  he,  attended  by  his  wife,  was  robbed  on  the  Medford  Turnpike,  by 
the  notorious  Martin,  of  fourteen  dollars  and  a  gold  watch.  The  thief  was  apprehended. 
Martin  rode  up  to  his  chaise,  on  horseback,  presented  a  pistol  to  his  breast,  and 
demanded  his  money  and  watch,  which  he  gave  him.  Mrs.  Bray  wore  a  gold  watch,  also, 
and  she  asked  him  if  he  wanted  her's,  when  he  answered,  '  he  robbed  gentlemen  only.' 
Major  Bray  [1788]  became  anxious  to  have  Martin  reprieved,  his  sentence  commuted,  or 
have  him  pardoned,  and  was  much  distressed  at  the  idea  of  his  testimony  being  the 
means  of  taking  life.  On  the  day  of  the  execution,  he  had  determined  to  visit  him  ;  his 
family  remonstrated,  and  watched  him ;  yet  he  eluded  their  vigilance,  and  was  prevented 
by  some  acquaintance  from  rushing  into  the  crowd  around  the  scaffold.  He  had,  up  to 
this  time,  been  corpulent,  but,  before  his  death,  he  became  extremely  emaciated.  His 
mind  also  was  greatly  shaken.  Conviviality  was  no  longer  agreeable  to  him,  and  the 
pleasures  of  company  were  so  irksome  that  his  festive  board  was  less  frequently  spread, 
until  it  was  wholly  laid  aside." 

The  only  civil  office  he  ever  held  was  that  of  selectman.  He  was  a  founder  of  the 
North  End  Artillery,  called  the  "  Columbian  Artillery,"  and  was  elected  its  senior  lieu- 
tenant. He  succeeded  Col.  Robert  Gardner  (1794)  as  its  captain  in  1801,  and  was  pro- 
moted to  be  major  of  the  Sublegion  of  Artillery  in  1803.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1790,  ensign  in  1793,  lieutenant  in  1798,  and  continued  an  active 
member  until  his  death. 

He  became  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  June 
2,  1795.  Mr.  Bray  (1788)  was  a  member  of  Rising  States  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  and 
at  one  time  its  master,  and  was  admitted  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch  Chapter, 
Dec.  24,  1800.  He  left  a  valuable  property,  and  died  Aug.  12,  1829,  aged  sixty- 
eight  years. 

Rev.  Mr.  Porter,  in  "  Rambles  in  Old  Boston,  New  England,"  says  :  — 

"  Adjoining  the  Newman  house,  on  Salem  Street,  is  a  large  brick  dwelling,  facing 
the  south,  and  once  connected  with  extensive  gardens  reaching  through  to  Margaret 
Street.     This  was  the  residence  of  Major  John  Bray  (1788),  a  custom-house  officer  for 

John    Bray    (1788).      Authorities:    Whit-  '  Boston  Records  say  Sally  Cheeseinan,  (pub- 

man's   Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.   1842;       lished)  Oct.  20,  1785. 
Mass.  Military  Rolls;  Early  Masonic  Records. 


i788j  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  23 1 

many  years,  and  the  owner  of  Bray's  Wharf,  where  Chatham  Street  now  is.  Major  Bray 
(1788)  was  a  cooper  by  trade,  and  a  large  packer  of  fish.  He  was  a  selectman,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  and  a  founder  of  the  Columbian 
Artillery  Company,  a  favorite  organization,  composed  mostly  of  North  End  mechanics, 
whose  gun-house  was  on  Copp's  Hill. 

"  Every  day,  precisely  at  eleven,  he  would  throw  down  his  tools,  put  on  his  coat,  and 
start  for  Walsh's  lemon-stand,  on  Dock  Square.  The  only  foreign  fruit  to  be  had  at  that 
time,  in  Boston,  was  sold  in  the  street  from  small  stands,  at  three  or  four  central  points. 
When  lemons  were  very  expensive,  the  major  would  take  out  a  handful  of  change,  and 
tell  Walsh  to  help  himself,  as  he  did  not  wish  to  know  the  cost.  He  would  then  go  home 
with  his  lemon,  prepare  his  punch,  and  take  his  dinner,  and  by  half  past  one  he  was 
always  back  at  work  again  at  his  wharf." 

Thomas  Curtis  (1788),  merchant,  of  Boston.  He  was  brigade  quartermaster  of 
the  First  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1788  to  1796, 
on  the  staff  of  Brig.-Gen.  William  Hull  (1788).  He  resided,  in  1796,  in  Rainsford's 
Lane,  now  Front  Street.     He  died  Nov.  26,  1823,  aged  fifty-nine  years. 

Josiah  Eliot  (1788),  ship-chandler,  of  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  Andrew,  Jr.,  and  Eliza- 
beth (Langdon)  Eliot,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1745.  When  he  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
he  kept  a  ship-chandler's  store  on  Market  Square,  now  Faneuil  Hall  Square. 

Mr.  Whitmore,  in  "New  England  Genealogical  and  Historical  Register,"  Vol. 
XXIII.,  page  338,  says  Josiah  Eliot  "  went  to  Georgia." 

Peter  Green  (1788),  was  an  auctioneer  in  Boston.  He  came  from  the  State  of 
Rhode  Island,  and  was  published  to  marry  Polly  Webb,  of  Boston,  Aug.  7,  1780.  In 
1789,  his  place  of  business  was  on  Market  Square,  and  in  1796  he  lived  on  Back,  now 
Salem,  Street. 

He  was  greatly  interested  in  military  matters.  After  some  years  of  service  he 
became,  in  1787,  captain  of  the  Ward  1  and  2  military  company,  in  Boston,  was  pro- 
moted to  be  major  of  the  First  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts 
Volunteer  Militia,  in  1790,  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  179 1-2. 

Joseph  Hall,  Jr.  (1788),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  and  Abigail  Hall,  was 
born  in  Boston,  April  26,  1761.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1781,  and  studied 
law  in  the  office  of  Col.  Benjamin  Hichborn.  He  married,  May  22,  1787,  Ann  Adams, 
and,  after  her  decease,  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Rev.  Ellis  Gray.  Mr.  Gray  delivered 
the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1749. 

On  the  evening  of  the  march  of  the  British  regulars  upon  Lexington  and  Concord, 
he  was  dispatched  by  his  father  to  Roxbury,  in  order  to  carry  intelligence  to  Gen. 
Warren  of  the  intended  attack.  His  father  had  learned,  at  that  early  period,  the  purpose 
for  which  the  troops  were  mustering,  through  a  domestic  in  the  family,  who  was  intimate 
with  one  of  the  nurses  employed  in  the  military  hospital,  near  the  family  residence  in 
Portland  Street.1     Major  Hall  (1788)  was  a  member  of  Gen  Brooks's  (1786)  staff  from 

Peter  Green  (1788).  Authority:  State  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842; 
Militia  Rolls.  Boston  Records. 

Joseph    Hall,   Jr.    (1788).       Authorities:  l  Loring's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators,  p.  307. 


232  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [,78g 

1788  to  1796,  and  during  Shays'  insurrection;  was  a  representative  in  the  General 
Court;  high  sheriff  of  Suffolk  County  from  1818  to  1825,  when  he  succeeded  Judge 
Dawes,  son  of  Col.  Thomas,  Jr.  (1754),  as  judge  of  probate  for  Suffolk  County.  He 
held  this  office  until  1836,  when  he  resigned.  He  delivered  the  oration  before  the  town 
authorities  and  citizens  of  Boston,  July  4,  1800.  He  became  conspicuous  in  Boston  in 
1795,  by  his  fearless  advocacy  of  the  treaty  which  Mr.  John  Jay  negotiated  with  Great 
Britain.  At  first  he  stood  alone ;  in  a  twelve-month  the  town  stood  with  him.1  He 
died  April  15,  1848. 

William  Hull  (1788),  lawyer,  of  Newton,  was  born  at  Derby,  Conn.,  June  24,  1753, 
and  died  at  Newton,  Mass.,  Nov.  25,  1825,  aged  seventy-two  years.  He  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1772,  subsequently  taught  school,  and  then  studied  law  at  Litchfield, 
Conn,  being  admitted  to'  the  bar  in  1775.  He  married,  in  1781,  Sarah,  only  daughter 
of  Hon.  Abraham  Fuller,  of  Newton.  They  had  seven  daughters  and  one  son,  the 
latter,  Capt.  A.  F.  Hull,  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Lundy's  Lane,  in  July,  1814,  aged 
twenty-eight  years.  Rev.  James  Freeman  Clarke,  of  Boston,  was  a  grandson  of  Gen. 
Hull  (1788).  In  April,  1775,  Mr.  Hull  (1788)  was  chosen  captain  of  a  military  com- 
pany raised  in  Derby,  Conn.,  with  which  he  marched  to  Cambridge,  and  remained  in 
the  vicinity  until  the  siege  of  Boston  was  raised  and  the  army  ordered  into  New  York 
State. 

He  was  in  active  service  throughout  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  proved  himself  to 
be  an  able,  reliable,  and  brave  officer.  He  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel,  and  was  intrusted 
by  Washington  with  many  and  important  duties.  He  commanded  the  troops  which 
escorted  Washington  into  New  York,  Nov.  25,  1783,  and  when  the  Revolutionary  army 
was  disbanded,  with  the  exception  of  one  regiment  and  a  corps  of  artillery,  Washington 
selected  Col.  Hull  (1788)  to  be  the  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  regiment.  In  1784,  the 
government  sent  him  to  Quebec  to  demand  possession  of  the  forts  at  Niagara,  Detroit, 
and  Mackinah.  After  his  discharge  from  military  service  he  settled  in  Newton,  practised 
law  successfully,  and  acquired  wealth. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  and  was  "  nominated  and  appointed  " 
junior  warden  of  a  Travelling  Lodge  in  the  American  army,  Oct.  6,- 1779.  Dec.  11, 
1797,  he  was  first  on  the  petition  presented  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  praying  for  a  charter  to 
hold  a  Lodge  in  Watertown.  The  prayer  was  granted,  and  William  Hull  (1788)  became 
a  charter  member,  and  the  first  worshipful  master  of  Meridian  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. 
(1798),  of  Watertown,  now  (1896)  of  Natick,  Mass. 

He  became  identified  with  politics,  and  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives, and  afterward  of  the  Senate  of  Massachusetts.  He  was  in  France  during  the 
revolution  of  1798,  and  on  his  return  home  was  appointed  by  the  governor  a  judge  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  was  elected  major-general  of  the  Third  Division  of 
State  militia.  In  1805,  he  was  appointed  by  the  President  governor  of  the  Michigan 
Territory.  He  made  important  treaties  with  the  Indians,  which  added  to  the  public 
domain.  Tecumseh,  at  the  head  of  disaffected  Indians,  made  war  upon  the  whites,  and 
Gov.  Hull  (1788)  was  offered  the  position  of  brigadier-general  of  the  American  forces, 
which  he  declined.     Circumstances,  however,  made  his  final  acceptance  necessary,  and 

William  Hull  (1788).    Authorities:  Military  nati;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1855,  1857, 

and  Civil  Life  of  Gen.  Hull,  by  his  daughter,  Mrs.  1871,  1893. 

Campbell,  and  his  grandson,  James  Freeman  Clarke;  '  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators,  p.  307, 

Drake's  Mem.  of  the  Mass.  Society  of  the  Cincin- 


i788]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  233 

war  was  declared  by  the  United  States.  The  conflict  was  carried  on  during  the  summer 
of  181 2,  and  on  Aug.  16,  1812,  "cutoff  from  supplies,"  with  inferior  numbers,  and  to  save 
the  lives  of  the  soldiers  and  frontiersmen,  he  surrendered  to  the  enemy.  A  court-martial 
was  held  Jan.  3,  1814,  Gen.  Dearborn  (1816)  being  appointed  president.  The  court,  which 
was  notoriously  an  unfair  one,  found  Gen.  Hull  (1788)  guilty  of  the  charges  preferred, 
and  sentenced  him  to  be  shot.  President  Madison  approved  the  sentence,  and  then 
pardoned  the  convicted  officer.  He  returned  to  Newton,  and  spent  the  remainder  of 
his  days  in  retirement.  He  published  a  series  of  letters  before  his  death,  in  vindication 
of  his  conduct.  These  restored,  in  a  great  measure,  his  former  fame,  and  he  was  very 
generally  accounted  a  sacrifice  to  political  intrigue.  "In  delicacy  to  the  feelings  of  a 
valuable  member,  hereafter  appearing  on  the  roll,  and  whose  own  political  life  and 
character  have  ever  been  marked  by  a  high  sense  of  probity  and  honor,  we  forbear  to 
rake  open  the  ashes  of  the  dead,  which  a  further  illustration  of  the  facts  might  warrant, 
but  leave  posterity  to  judge  impartially  for  themselves."  '  In  1825,  the  leading  men  of 
Boston  expressed  their  sympathy  for  and  confidence  in  Gen.  Hull  (1788)  by  a  public 
dinner.  The  same  year  he  undertook  a  journey  to  his  native  town,  in  Connecticut,  but 
exerting  himself  beyond  his  strength  he  was  taken  ill  and  died. 

He  was  commander  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1789,  and 
a  distinguished  member  of  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati.  He  was  counsel  for  the 
Artillery  Company  in  its  suit  to  recover  the  Dunstable  lands.  Gen.  Hull  (1788)  was 
of  fine  personal  appearance,  of  polished  manners,  and  amiable  disposition. 

Joseph  Loring  (1788),  jeweller  and  goldsmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joshua  and 
Rebecca  (Lobdell)  Loring,  was  born  July  21,  1743,  and  married  (published)  (3)  Sally 
Pratt,  Oct.  12,  1786.  He  was  a  brother  of  Joshua  (1769)  and  Israel  (1768)  Loring, 
originally  of  Hingham.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1791.  In 
1788-96,  his  store  was  at  No.  3  Union  Street,  his  house  being  on  Court  Street.  His  son, 
Col.  Joseph  Loring,  Jr.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1793. 

When  Joseph  Loring  (1788)  was  captain-lieutenant,  or  first  lieutenant  of  artillery, 
perhaps  in  Crane's  regiment,  probably  in  Capt.  Perkins's  company,  he  was  made  a  prisoner 
on  Long  Island,  and  held  as  such  some  nine  months,  but  returned  to  Boston,  July,  1777. 
He  was  married  in  July  following,  in  a  new  suit  of  regimentals.2  He  was  promoted  to  "be 
captain. 

Joseph  Lovering,  Jr.  (1788),  tallow-chandler,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  and  Sarah 
(Ellis)  Lovering,  was  born  Sept.  19,  1758.  He  married  (published  Aug.  23,  1780) 
Esther  Martin,  of  Boston.  She  died  June  7,  1788,  and  was  buried  "from  her  late  home 
on  Holyoke  Street."  He  married,  (2)  Jan.  13,  1789,  Ann  Phillips,  who  died  Feb.  25, 
1829,  and,  (3)  in  October,  1829,  Mary  Langdon  Bowland,  widow  of  Nathaniel  Wales. 
She  died  June  23,  1849. 

He  followed  the  trade  of  his  father,  and  was  for  some  years  of  the  firm  of  Joseph 
Lovering  &  Sons,  manufacturers  of  "  Spermaceti  and  Tallow  Candles,  Hard  and  Soft 

Joseph  Lovering,  Jr.  (1788).   Authorities:  2  Letter  of  Henry  Loring,  Nov.  29,  1836,  to 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Major  Judah  Allen,  in  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  -Gen. 
Boston  Records.  Reg.,  1885,  p.  186. 

1  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed. 
1842. 


234  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,7g8 

Soap,  Poland  Starch,  and  Hair-powder,  No.  49  State  Street."  His  dwelling-house  was 
on  Nassau  Street  in  1796.  The  manufactory  of  the  firm  was  on  South  Bennet  Street. 
Later  he  resided  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Hollis  and  Tremont  streets,  afterward  on 
Washington  Street,  on  the  corner  of  the  present  Lovering  Place,  where  he  died. 

Mr.  Lovering  (1788)  related  to  reliable  persons,  several  years  before  his  decease, 
that  on  the  evening  of  Dec.  16,  1773,  when  he  was  fifteen  years  of  age,  he  held  the  light 
in  Mr.  Crane's  carpenter's  shop  while  Mr.  Crane  and  other  young  men,  fifteen  in  num- 
ber, disguised  themselves  for  the  occasion.  (His  father  then  lived  on  the  corner  of 
Hollis  and  Tremont  streets,  opposite  the  Cranes  and  Bradlees  )  Mr.  Lovering  (1788) 
"appears  to  have  been  the  youngest  person  connected  with  this  affair  of  whom  we  have 
any  knowledge.  His  boyish  curiosity  led  him  to  accompany  the  party  to  the  scene  of 
operations  at  Griffin's  Wharf,  and  on  the  following  morning  he  was  closely  questioned 
and  severely  reprimanded  by  his  parents,  for  being  out  after  nine  o'clock  at  night,  as 
they  were  strict  in  their  requirement  that  he  should  be  in  bed  at  that  hour." ' 

Mr.  Lovering  (1788)  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic 
Association,  and  its  treasurer  nineteen  years  (1808-26)  ;  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
Humane  Society ;  selectman  of  Boston  from  1812  to  1819  ;  alderman  in  the  first  city 
council  of  Boston  in  1822  ;  representative  to  the  General  Court,  and  member  of  Hollis 
Street  and  South  Congregational  churches.  His  portrait,  of  which  a  reproduction  is 
given  in  the  "Tea  Leaves,"  is  now  in  the  possession  of  his  granddaughter,  Mrs.  Mary 
L.  Smith.  Ensign  Lovering's  (1788)  second  wife,  Ann  Phillips,  was  a  descendant  of 
Major  William  Phillips  (1644). 

He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1792,  and  ensign  in  1797.  He 
died  June  13,  1848,  aged  eighty-nine  years  and  nine  months,  —  the  senior  member  on 
the  Company  roll. 

Samuel  Prince  (1788),  tailor,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Esther,  his  wife,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Dec.  13,  1760.  He  resided  on  Back  Street,  now  Salem  Street.  He  was 
fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1789,  and  lieutenant  in  1794.  In  1787-8, 
he  held  the  position  of  lieutenant  of  the  military  company  in  Boston  recruited  in  Wards 
3  and  4. 

•    Mr.   Prince   (1788)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in 
May  and  July,  1789,  and  became  a  member  of  that  Lodge,  Sept.  14,  1789. 

Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  printer,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  Russell,  and  nephew  of 
Joseph  Russell,  so  long  the  town  treasurer  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  13,  1762. 
His  father,  grandfather,  and  great-grandfather  were  born,  lived,  and  died  in  Boston.  His 
English  ancestor  was  John  Russell,  who  settled  in  Woburn  in  1635,  whose  son  was  Rev. 
John  Russell,  pastor  of  the  First  Baptist  Church  in  Boston. 

On  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  Benjamin  was  nearly  thirteen  years  of  age,  and  attended 
Master  Carter's  school.     He  says,  in  a  statement  written  by  himself :  — 

"  In  the  morning,  soon  after  the  opening  of  the  town  school  (which  was  kept  in 

Samuel  Prince  (1788).     Authorities:  Hist.  10,  1845;  Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association; 

of  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. ;  Mass.  Moore's  Masonic  Magazine,  Vol.  IV.;   Boston  Rec- 

Military  Rolls.  ords;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and   H.  A.  Company, 

Benjamin    Russell    (1788).      Authorities:  Ed.  1842. 
Specimens  of  Newspaper  Literature,  Vol.  II.,  Little  '  Crane's  Tea  Leaves  of  1773,  p.  183. 

&  Brown,  1850;   Eulogy  by  Francis  Baylies,  March 


i788]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  235 

Scollay's  Buildings),  martial  music  was  heard,  and  the  Regulars  were  seen  in  motion. 
They  were  soon  paraded  in  Long  Acre  [Tremont  Street],  and  the  line  extended  from 
the  head  of  the  Mall  [Park  Street]  to  the  head  of  Queen  [Court]  Street,  facing  which 
was  the  school-house.  Lord  Percy,  mounted  on  a  white  horse,  was  busy  in  arranging 
the  column.  When  these  movements  were  seen,  Master  Carter  sent  out  one  of  the  boys 
for  information.  It  came  full  soon.  The  British  had  fallen  on  the  Americans  at  Lexing- 
ton, killed  several,  and  sent  for  a  reinforcement.  Master  Carter  then  said,  '  Boys,  war 
has  begun;  the  school  is  broken  up.'  This  announcement  was  received  with  three 
cheers,  and  the  boys,  having  gained  their  own  freedom,  sallied  forth  to  see  whether  the 
men  would  gain  theirs.  They  followed  in  the  rear  of  the  column  when  the  British  took 
up  the  line  of  march,  and  followed  as  far  as  the  colleges  in  Cambridge.  The  boys,  being 
wearied,  rested  on  the  Common,  and  remained  in  that  vicinity  until  near  sunset,  when  a 
Mr.  Hastings  gave  them  some  supper,  and  they  slept  in  one  of  the  college  buildings. 
They  could  not  return  to  Boston,  which  was  in  a  state  of  close  siege,  but  they  had  quarters  in 
the  colleges,  which  had  been  converted  into  barracks,  and  drew  their  rations  as  soldiers." 
"In  these  good  quarters,"  continues  the  major  ( 1788),  "  partaking  of  public  and  private 
bounty,  we  remained  some  weeks,  with  nothing  to  regret  except  that,  owing  to  the  close- 
ness of  the  siege,  we  could  not  inform  our  parents  of  our  situation." 

On  the  morning  of  the  17th  of  June,  cannon  were  heard  in  the  direction  of  Boston 
and  Charlestown,  and  the  boys  went  down  the  Charlestown  road  to  learn  the  cause,  and 
to  see  the  contest.  The  principal  events  of  that  day,  as  they  transpired  on  Bunker  Hill, 
were  within  the  vision  and  understanding  of  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  though  so  young 
in  years.  Several  of  the  boys  crossed  and  recrossed  to  the  Neck  during  the  battle,  — 
that  same  Neck  over  which  an  American  officer  told  Gen.  Putnam  no  one  could  cross 
and  live.  Gen.  Putnam,  on  his  "  long-tailed  Connecticut  horse,  often  came  near  us," 
says  Major  Russell  (1788),  "and  then  we  cheered  him  with  an  huzza  for  Old  Put." 

After  the  battle,  the  boys  returned  to  the  colleges.  Willing  to  do  what  they  could 
to  help  the  cause,  they  became  useful  by  serving  as -clerks  of  the  companies.  "  It  fell  to 
my  lot,"  says  Major  Russell  (1788),  "  to  become  the  clerk  of  the  company  of  Connecticut 
troops  commanded  by  Capt.  Putnam,  a  nephew,  or  son,  of  the  general.  We  were 
stationed,  with  other  troops,  on  Prospect  Hill,  where  the  general  was  in  command.  I 
did  duty  as  clerk  until  the  ensuing  August.  One  day  I  was  returning  from  the  commis- 
sary's depot  with  the  weekly  provisions  of  the  company,  having  four  men  with  me,  and  I 
met  my  father  and  uncle,  who  had  just  escaped  from  Boston.  My  father  had  not  seen  or 
heard  of  me  since  the  19th  of  April.  He  was  so  rejoiced  to  see  me  that  he  was  about  to 
shake  me  for  not  writing  to  him.  One  of  the  soldiers  took  fire,  '  Don't  shake  that 
boy,  sir,'  said  he;  'he  is  our  clerk.'"  An  explanation  took  place;  the  father  and  son 
repaired  to  Gen.  Putnam's  tent,  when,  upon  the  application  of  the  father,  the  son 
was  honorably  discharged  from  his  first  service  as  a  Revolutionary  soldier.  On  the  next 
day,  the  father  took  him  to  Worcester,  and  apprenticed  him  to  Isaiah  Thomas,  the  cele- 
brated printer,  founder  of  the  Massachusetts  Spy. 

In  1780,  Mr.  Thomas  was  drafted  as  a  Continental  soldier,  and  was  obliged  either 
to  join  the  army  or  procure  a  substitute.  Mr.  Russell  (1788)  volunteered  to  stand  in  the 
place  of  his  employer,  and  July  17,  1780,  he  started  from  Worcester  for  the  seat  of  war. 
He  joined  the  army  at  West  Point.  "  I  have  heard  Major  Russell  say,"  says  Mr. 
Francis  Baylies,  in  his  eulogy  on  Hon.  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  March  10,  1845,  "that 
he  was  one  of  the  guard  of  Major  Andre"  on  the  day  of  his  execution." 


236  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  j-,7gg 

At  the  expiration  of  his  enlistment  he  returned  to  Worcester,  was  released  from  his 
indenture  by  reason  of  his  military  service  in  the  place  of  Mr.  Thomas,  and  soon  after 
removed  to  Boston.  March  24,  1784,  in  company  with  William  Warden,  he  began  the 
publication  of  the  Massachusetts  Centinel.  His  partner  died  the  next  year,  and  he 
became  the  sole  proprietor  and  editor  of  the  paper  which  was  afterwards  called  the 
Columbian  Centinel.  He  continued  the  publication  of  the  Centinel,  as  editor  and 
proprietor,  more  than  forty  years,  until  November,  1828,  when  he  retired  from  all  con- 
nection with  the  press.  In  view  of  this  service,  and  his  fighting  in  behalf  of  the  Adams 
cause  for  the  presidency,  a  complimentary  dinner  was  given  him  by  his  brother  editors 
and  printers.  The  course  of  Mr.  Russell  (1788),  as  editor  of  the  Centinel,  was  wise, 
patriotic,  and  influential.  He  was  a  co-worker  with  the  truest  and  best  men  of  his  time 
and  commonwealth.  He  was  firm  for  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  and,  largely  through  the  influence  of  the  Centinel,  the  mechanics  of  Boston  were 
almost  unanimous  in  the  same  opinion.  He  zealously  supported  Washington's  adminis- 
tration in  every  particular  and  measure. 

In  early  life  he  also  printed  almanacs,  pamphlets,  etc.,  but  his  peculiar  talents  as 
editor  gained  him  much  celebrity,  and  gave  his  paper  extensive  circulation.  His  was, 
indeed,  a  busy  life.  From  the  beginning  of  his  soldier  life  until  his  decease,  the  years 
seemed  filled  with  humane,  useful,  and  "practical  work.  He  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  in  1795;  was  elected  its  vice- 
president,  1 798-1 806,  and  its  president,  1807-21,  when  the  association  unanimously 
thanked  him  "  for  his  able,  successful,  and  unceasing  exertions  to  promote  the  interest 
honor,  and  happiness  of  this  association,  during  the  fourteen  years  which  he,  with  honor 
to  himself  and  pride  to  the  association,  had  presided  over  it." 

He  was  president  of  the  board  of  health  of  the  town  of  Boston  five  years ;  a  member 
of  the  school  board  five  years,  by  election,  and  for  four  years  by  virtue  of  his  office  as 
alderman ;  a  delegate  to  the  convention  of  1820 ;  a  member  of  the  common  council  from 
the  organization  of  the  city  government  in  1822  till  1825;  a  member  of  the  board  of 
aldermen  in  1829,  and  was  re-elected  three  successive  years;  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  from  Boston  from  1805  till  182 1,  and  from  1828  till  1835;  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1822  and  1825.  In  1836  and  1837  he  was  a  member  of  the 
executive  council,  which  was  his  last  public  service. 

The  gallant  major  was  a  very  outspoken  man,  and  did  not  hesitate  to  express  his 
views  at  times  and  places  where  most  other  men  would  have  hesitated  to  speak.  On 
one  occasion,  at  the  New  South  Church,  the  minister  read  the  governor's  proclamation 
for  Thanksgiving,  concluding,  as  usual,  "God  save  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts." 
Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788)  arose  in  his  seat,  and  exclaimed,  "That  was  saved  last 
Monday,"  — referring  to  the  success  of  his  candidate  in  the  election.  Mr.  Benjamin 
Russell  (1788)  was  the  author  of  that  remark  concerning  a  certain  prayer  in  church  by 
the  minister  :  "  It  was  the  most  eloquent  prayer  ever  addressed  to  a  Boston  audience  " 
He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1790,  lieutenant  in  1796  and  181 1, 
and  its  captain  in  1801  and  1812. 

After  the  Revolutionary  War  he  continued  his  military  career.  Joining  one  of  the 
Boston  military  companies  soon  after  his  return,  he  was  commissioned  ensign  in  1787. 
By  regular  steps,  he  became  lieutenant  of  the  Ward  6  military  company  in  1790,  captain 
of  the  same  from  1794  to  1798,  and  in  1799  was  promoted  to  be  major  of  the  Boston  regi- 
ment..   He  was  major  of  the  First  Sublegion  in  1800.     For  a  half  century,  nearly,  he  was 


I?88]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  237 

generally  spoken  of  as  "Major  Ben  Russell."  Mr.  Benjamin  Russell  (1788)  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Masonic  Fraternity.  Dec.  27,  1813,  he  was  elected  Grand  Master  of  Masons 
in  Massachusetts,  and  held  that  office  three  successive  years.  He  was  also  a  member 
of  St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  and  of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Massachusetts. 

The  decay  of  his  faculties  was  gradual.  He  had  no  sickness.  On  the  morning  of 
Jan.  4,  1845,  he  lay  down,  and  in  an  hour  ceased  to  breathe.  He  suffered  no  painful 
struggle.  The  affectionate  watcher  noted  not  the  transition  from  life  to  death.  Thus 
died  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  in  the  eighty-fourth  year  of  his  age.  His  funeral 
was  attended  by  great  numbers  from  those  bodies  with  which  Mr.  Benjamin  Russell 
(1788)  had  been  identified,  and  a  long  procession  of  those  who  had  been  connected  with 
him  in  friendly  and  social  relations  attended  his  remains  to  their  resting-place  in  the  Old 
Granary  Burial-Ground. 

Elisha  Sigourney  (1788),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Daniel  and  Mary  (Varney) 
Sigourney,  of  Boston,  was  born  April  14,  1753.  He  married  Ann  ■ — — ,  who  died  in  Bos- 
ton, June,  1818,  aged  seventy-three  years.  His  place  of  business  in  1790  was  at  No.  1 
Spear's  Wharf,  and  his  dwelling-house  was  in  Southac  Court,  afterwards  called  Howard 
Street.  He  was  a  great-grandson  of  Andrew  Sigourney,  a  French  Protestant  refugee,  or 
Huguenot,  who,  from  devotion  to  the  cause  of  religious  freedom,  emigrated  to  Boston 
about  1686.  Elisha  Sigourney  (1788)  was  "a  man  of  strong  mind,  high  sense  of  honor, 
scrupulously  honest,  indefatigable  in  business.  Many  of  his  acts  of  kindness  were  so 
abruptly  communicated  as  to  be  unthankfully  received."  He  was  much  relied  upon  for 
his  sound  judgment  in  every-day  life,  and,  at  his  decease,  was  sincerely  mourned  by  the 
business  and  social  circles  of  Boston.     Andrew  Sigourney  (1806)  was  his  nephew. 

Mr.  Elisha  Sigourney  (1788)  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  in  1778,  and 
►  of  St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  May  28,  1789.     He  died,  highly  esteemed,  Oct. 
10,  181 1,  and,  it  is  said,  "was  buried  on  one  of  the  islands"  in  Boston  Harbor. 

Samuel  Swan  (1788),  of  Medford,  son  of  Samuel  and  Joanna  (Richardson)  Swan, 
was  born  in  Medford,  Jan.  17,  1749-50.  He  married,  March  5,  1778,  Hannah  Lawson, 
by  whom  he  had  seven  children.  She  died  Nov.  18,  1826,  aged  seventy  years,  and  he 
died  in  November,  1825. 

March  4,  1776,  after  several  years  of  military  service,  he  appears  as  a  member  of 
Capt.  William  Adams's  company,  in  Col.  Thatcher's  regiment,  at  Dorchester.  He 
became  assistant  quartermaster  of  the  Northern  Army,  under  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786),  in 
1776,  also  quartermaster  and  commissary,  under  Gen.  Devens,  at  Ticonderoga,  in  1777, 
and  went  several  times  with  supplies  for  the  troops  at  that  place  in  1776  and  1777.  He 
was  a  purchasing  agent  for  the  Revolutionary  Army  from  1778  to  1783.  The  Revolu- 
tionary War  Minutes  of  1778  state  "  that  he  paid  for  beef,  etc.,  down  to  the  close  of  the 
war."  A  letter  from  the  war  office,  dated  December,  1779,10  the  collectors  of  war  taxes 
in  Charlestown,  Chelsea,  Stoneham,  and  Reading,  orders  them  "  to  pay  the  money  col- 
lected to  Samuel  [1788]  and  Daniel  Swan,  to  purchase  beef  for  public  use." 

At  one  time,  while  on  his  way  to  Ticonderoga,  in  1776,  with  funds  he  had  in  charge 
for  the  troops,  he  came  near  being  robbed.     He  was  travelling  on  foot,  with  a  knapsack 

Elisha    Sigourney    (17S8).      Authorities:  man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;   Early 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Masonic  Records;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. 

St.  Andrew's  Lodge  and  Chapter  Records.  Company,  Ed.   1842;    Usher's   Hist,   of    Medford; 

Samuel   Swan   (1788).   -Authorities:  Wy-  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg,  1856. 


238  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,788 

and  a  camp  kettle  on  his  back,  and  stopped  early  one  morning  to  get  a  little  rest  at  a 
log  tavern,  near  a  forest  twelve  miles  in  length,  with  only  a  cow-path  through  it.  The 
landlord  asked  him  some  questions  about  his  business,  which  he  evaded  as  well  as  he 
could,  as  then  there  was  sitting  in  the  room  a  stranger,  a  tall,  stout  man,  whose  looks 
Mr.  Swan  (1788)  did  not  like,  and  who,  from  his  manner,  he  believed  had  an  evil  design. 
The  man  soon  after  left  the  room,  and  went  off.  Mr.  Swan  (1788)  also  soon  left,  with- 
out breakfast,  and  continued  on  his  journey  alone.  He  had  not  gone  far,  but  two  or 
three  miles,  when  he  saw  the  same  man  at  some  distance  ahead  of  him  sitting  on  a  stump 
by  the  wayside.  There  was  no  other  path  to  follow,  and  Mr.  Swan  (1788)  could  not 
avoid  him,  except  by  turning  back ;  but  he  was  on  urgent  public  business,  and  must  go 
forward.  Mr.  Swan  (1788),  seeing  the  stranger  was  a  strong  man,  and  that  he  must 
escape  by  management,  walked  steadily  on,  all  the  time  turning  in  his  mind  what  strata- 
gem he  could  use  to  encounter  and  pass  him.  As  he  came  up  to  the  man,  he  spoke 
civilly  to  him,  told  him  he  was  about  taking  his  breakfast,  and  asked  the  man  if  he 
would  take  breakfast  with  him.  He  said  he  would,  no  doubt  thinking  this  would  give 
him  the  opportunity  he  wished.  Mr.  Swan  (1788)  asked  him  to  assist  and  get  some 
sticks  for  fuel  while  he  got  ready  the  provision  which  he  had  in  his  knapsack.  The  man, 
not  knowing  he  was  suspected,  was  thrown  entirely  off  his  guard,  and  went  for  the  sticks. 
As  soon  as  he  had  gone  a  little  distance,  Mr.  Swan  (1788)  started  off  on  his  way,  keep- 
ing constantly  an  eye  over  his  shoulder  upon  the  man,  who  soon  turned  around  as  if  to 
watch  him,  and  called  out  loudly  to  stop,  to  which  Mr.  Swan  (1788)  paid  no  attention, 
but  ran  at  the  top  of  his  speed.  The  man  pursued  him.  They  both  ran  for  some  time, 
when  the  man  got  o,ut  of  breath  and  walked.  Then  he  ran  again,  and  Mr.  Swan  (1788) 
also  ran.  The  stranger  at  last  became  satisfied  he  could  not  overtake  him.  Mr.  Swan 
(1788)  came  at  last  to  a  settlement,  and  was  safe.  In  due  time  he  arrived  safely  at  his 
destination,  with  the  funds  he  had  in  charge  for  the  troops.1 

In  January,  1786,  Mr.  Swan  (1788)  was  appointed  deputy  quartermaster-general, 
with  the  rank  of  major,  under  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786),  and  served  during  Shays'  Rebellion, 
and  held  the  same  position  under  Gens.  Brooks  (1786)  and  Hull  (1788)  from  1787  to 
1802.  Gov.  Bowdoin  wrote  to  Major  Swan  (1788),  Feb.  7,  1787,  "The  governor  very 
much  approves  of  your  spirited  exertions  in  the  cause  of  your  country.  The  several 
expeditions  in- which  you  have  been  engaged  reflect  honor  upon  the  parties  and  the 
individuals  who  composed  them."  He  was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace  by  Gov. 
Bowdoin  in  1787  ;  was  first  treasurer  of  the  Maiden  Bridge  Corporation,  then  paymaster 
and  treasure!:  of  the  Middlesex  Canal  Corporation  until  the  canal  was  completed  in  1804. 

On  Friday,  Oct.  19,  1787,  the  artillery  company  in  Charlestown,  commanded  by 
Capt.  William  Calder,  paraded  in  that  town,  when  a  detachment  of  the  company,  headed 
by  Capt.-Lieut.  Phillips,  proceeded  to  Warren  Hall,  in  order  to  receive  an  elegant 
standard,  provided  by  subscription  among  the  gentlemen  of  the  town.  Upon  the  presen- 
tation of  the  standard,  Samuel  Swan,  Esq.  (1788),  deputy  quartermaster  for  the  Third 
Division,  made  the  address,  which  is  given  in  full  in  the  Massachusetts  Centind  of  Nov. 
7,  1787.  When  Gen.  Brooks  (1786)  was  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  Boston, 
Samuel  Swan,  Esq.  (1788),  was  appointed  deputy  collector,  a  position  which  he 
retained  until  his  decease. 

He  was  present  at  the  Massachusetts  Grand  Lodge,  June  6,  1788,  and  June  4,  1789. 

1  MS.  of  Caleb  Swan,  son  of  Samuel  (1788). 


,788]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  239 

Ebenezer  Thayer,  Jr.  (1788),  yeoman,  of  Braintree,  son  of  Hon.  Ebenezer  and 
Susanna  Thayer,  was  born  in  Braintree,  Aug.  21,  1746.  He  married,  Dec.  19,  1772, 
Rachel,  daughter  of  Gideon  and  Rachel  Thayer,  of  Boston,  Mass.  They  had  seven  sons. 
Rachel  Thayer  died  Aug.  29,  1795.  Gen.  Thayer  (1788)  served  the  town  of  Braintree 
many  years  as  selectman,  town  clerk,  and  treasurer;  was  chosen  repeatedly  as  represen- 
tative j  served  as  senator  and  councillor,  and  was  appointed  the  first  sheriff  of  Norfolk 
County,  Mass.  He  was  prominent  in  the  administration  of  town  affairs,  serving  on  com- 
mittees to  oppose  the  division  of  the  town  and  county  in  1791,  and  he  wrote  the  long 
report,  printed  in  the  Braintree  records,  on  erecting  a  dam  across  Ironwork  River,  April 
4,  1 79 1.  He  was  also  a  justice  of  the  peace.  All  the  offices  which  he  held  he  filled 
with  fidelity,  and  discharged  his  official  duties  with  promptness  and  efficiency. 

He  was  early  interested  in  military  matters,  and  rose  from  grade  to  grade,  until,  in 
1784,  he  became  colonel  of  the  Fifth  Regiment,  and,  April  12,  1788,  he  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  of  the  militia  of  Massachusetts.1 
He  was  promoted,  Feb.  21,  1792,  to  be  major-general.  During  the  Revolutionary  War 
he  was  active  in  recruiting  men  in  his  native  town,  and  in  leading  them  in  the  war. 

Col.  Thayer  (1788)  died  May  30,  1809,  aged  sixty- three  years. 

Abraham  Wild  (1788),  merchant,  of  Boston.  In  1796,  Abraham  Wild  (1788)  was 
a  dealer  in  West  India  goods,  on  the  north  side  of  the  market,  and  his  residence  was  on 
South  School  Street.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church,  and  from  1805  to  his 
decease,  in  1820,  a  member  of  its  standing  committee. 

Elijah  Williams  (1788),  of  Roxbury,  probably  a  son  of  Dr.  Thomas  and  Abigail 
(Williams)  Williams,  of  that  town,  was  born  about  1766.  He  was  a  brother  of  "  Lawyer 
Tom,"  who,  until  his  decease  in  1823,  occupied  the  family  mansion,  the  first  brick  man- 
sion erected  in  Roxbury.  This  family  descended  from  Robert  Williams,  who  joined  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1644.  Elijah  Williams  (1788)  was  named  for  his  grandfather,  Col. 
Elijah  Williams,  of  Deerfield.  Elijah  Williams  (1788)  was  lieutenant  of  the  Ward  10 
military  company,  in  Boston,  in  1787-8. 

The  record  of  Artillery  Company  for  1788  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Monday,  31st  March,  1788.  Voted,  We  meet  on  Monday  next  at  the  Town  House, 
complete  in  uniform  if  fair  &  suitable  weather,  at  three  o'clock,  if  not,  the  Friday  follow- 
ing. Voted,  The  Clerk  make  provision  for  the  Company  at  the  Hall,  and  that  every 
member  pay  his  proportion  of  ye  expence.  Voted,  The  Musick  be  furnished  with  uniform 
Hatts  by  the  Company,  &  that  their  clothing  be  deposited  after  training  with  the  Officer 
present  in  town  commanding. 

"  Monday  Evening,  April  21st.  1788.  The  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall,  at  seven 
o'clock  for  Exercise.  The  Committee  appointed  to  take  into  consideration  the  finances 
of  the  Company,  have,  as  far  as  circumstances  would  permit,  attended  that  service  and 
report :  — 

"  That  there  appears  due  from  the  heirs  of  the  late  Mr.  Blanchard  [1737],  includ- 
ing interest,  &  charging  the  same  according  to  schedule  herewith  exhibited,  to  March, 
1787 ^499-o.2 

1  The  military  review  under  Brig.-Gen.  Thayer  "Gen.  T with  twice  five  hundred  men, 

<I7&8),  at  Milton,  in  1791,  is  thus  described  in  the  Formed  a  long  line,  and  broke  it  up  again." 

Centinel :  — 


240  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND 


['738 


"  There  appears  still  to  be  due  from  Mr.  Brown '  including  interest  to 

the  ist  of  May,  1788,  about £316.8.8 

"  There  appears  to  be  a  Balance  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer  as  pr 

his  Acc't  settled  2 ist  day  of  April,  1788          .         .         .         .         .  112. 6.1 

"  Respecting  the  monies  due  from  Mr.  Blanchard  [1737],  the  committee  beg  leave 
verbally  to  report :  — 

"  Respecting  the  monies  due  from  Mr.  Brown  the  Committee  wish  the  directions  of 
the  Company,  as  to  the  expediency  of  Real  or  Personal  security  under  circumstances 
offered. 

"  Respecting  the  Balance  in  the  hands  of  ye  Treasurer,  the  same  is  at  the  disposal 
of  the  Company. 

"Thus  far  your  committee  have  proceeded  &  desire  the  direction  of  the  Company 
as  to  ye  further  Completion  of  the  Commission  &  beg  leave  to  sit  again  ! 

"Monday  Evening,  April  28th,  1788.  The  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  at  7 
o'clock.  The  foregoing  report  having  been  laid  before  ye  Company  with  such  observa- 
tions as  the  Committee  had  to  communicate ;  Voted,  That  the  same  be  accepted,  and 
that  ye  Committee  be  requested  to  sit  again  for  the  completion  of  the  business.  Voted, 
That  the  Committee,  or  any  three  of  them,  proceed  to  settle  the  business  of  Mr.  Brown's 
debt  due  to  the  Company,  —  that  they  give  up  the  bond  and  cancel  the  Mortgage ;  and 
that  they  receive  as  payment  therefor  in  cash,  sixteen  pounds,  eight  shillings  and  eight 
pence,  lawful  money,  &  a  Bond  or  Note  for  1'hree  hundred  pounds  from  the  Committee 
of  the  town  of  Charlestown  duly  authorized  in  behalf  of  the  Town  for  that  purpose. 
Voted,  That  the  Balance  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer  be  further  attended  to  on  the 
next  Muster  day  of  ye  Company.  Voted,  The  Company  appear  on  Monday  next  at  three 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon  at  Faneuil  Hall  complete  in  uniform  with  20  rounds  of  blank 
Cartridges.  Voted,  The  Clerk  make  provision  for  the  Company  as  usual  &  every  mem- 
ber to  pay  his  Club. 

"Monday,  May  5th.  1788.  The  Company  met  agreeable  to  Charter  and  marched 
into  the  Common ;  in  the  evening  were  at  Faneuil  Hall  as  usual.  Voted  That  the  sum 
of  sixteen  pounds,  Eight  shillings  and  eight  pence,  which  is  to  be  received  from  the  Com- 
mittee of  Charlestown,  and  the  sum  of  twelve  pounds  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer  be 
appropriated  towards  the  expences  of  Election  day.  Voted,  The  Company  meet  for 
exercise  on  Monday  evenings  till  June ;  the  Roll  to  be  called  precisely  at  8  o'clock ;  the 
members  not  present  at  roll-call  to  pay  one  shilling,  —  if  absent  the  evening  to  pay  two 
shillings.  Voted,  The  Clerk  be  requested  to  notify  the  Absent  members  hereof.  Voted, 
The  Ensign  of  the  Company  provide  a  socket  &  belt  for  the  Standard,  and  that  he  draw 
on  the  Treasurer  for  the  payment  thereof.  Voted,  That  the  monies  in  the  hands  of  the 
Treasurer  be  forthcoming  the  25th  of  this  month,  then  to  be  at  the  disposal  of  the  Com- 

1  From  original  papers  in  the  archives  of  the  The  Brown  estate  was  one  of  those  injured  or  re- 
Artillery  Company,  it  appears  that  the  Artillery  duced  in  area  by  the  improvement. 
Company  loaned  to  Mr.  Nathaniel  Brown,  of  Charles-  Oct.  23,  1782,8  committee  was  appointed  by 
town,  on  the  nineteenth  day  of  May,  1766,  £1 72,  and  the  town  to  settle  with  those  injured  by  the  altera- 
took  therefor  a  note  secured  by  mortgage  on  real  tton,  giving  mortgages  on  the  training-field,  Corn- 
estate,  on  the  main  street,  in  that  town.  On  the  mon,  town-farm,  etc.  The  town  of  Charlestown 
first  day  of  May,  1788,  the  principal  and  interest  seems  to  have  assumed  Mr.  Brown's  debt  to  the 
due  amounted  to  /316.8.8.  Company.     In  the  summer  of  1788,  the  matter  was 

Another  paper  rehearses  that,  Sept.  29,  1780,  settled  by  the  town  of  Charlestown,  which  paid  the 

the    inhabitants  of  Charlestown,  in    town  meeting  Artillery  Company  in  cash  ^16.8.8,  and  gave  a  note 

assembled,  proposed  to  widen  the  main  street  "  from  for  ,£300,  secured  by  a  mortgage  on  property  of  the 

the  ferry  to  the  causeway,"  at  an  expense  of  ^2,600.  town. 


i788]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  24I 

pany ;  but  if  it  is  not  convenient  for  the  Treasurer  to  pay  the  money  on  that 
day,  he  shall  produce  to  the  Company  a  Bond  or  Mortgage  of  a  good  Estate  in 
the  Town  of  Boston  worth  three  hundred  pounds,  lawful  money,  free  from  any 
incumbrance. 

"The  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall,  the  30th  May,  where  Maj.  Gen.  Brooks  [1786] 
read  the  following  billet  from  His  Excellency,  the  Captain  General.  'The  Governor 
presents  his  respectful  compliments  to  Maj.  Gen.  Brooks  [1786]  &  the  other  Officers  and 
the  Gentlemen  who  compose  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  &  requests 
the  honor  &  pleasure  of  their  company  at  his  house  on  the  afternoon  of  Monday  next  to 
take  a  glass  of  wine*  with  him. 

"Thursday,  29th  May,  1788. 

"  True  Copy,     Attest :     John  Winslow,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  June  2'd  1788.  This  day  being  the  Anniversary  or  day  of  Election  of 
Officers  for  ye  Company,  ye  business  was  attended  to  in  the  following  manner  :  —  At  ten 
o'clock  a.  m.  the  Company  assembled  at  ye  Old  South  Meeting-house,  from  thence  they 
marched  to  escort  ye  Supreme  Executive  from  ye  Council  Chamber  to  ye  Old  Brick 
Meeting-house,  where  they  attended  Divine  Service,  an  excellent  discourse  being 
delivered  by  the  Rev.  David  Osgood  of  Medford ;  after  which  they  escorted  as  before 
the  Governor,  Lt  Governor,  Council  &  a  numerous  procession  of  other  publick  and 
private  respectable  Characters  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  an  elegant  Entertainment  was 
provided  at  the  expense  of  the  Company,  at  which  two  hundred  persons  were  present 
and  partook.  The  Hall  upon  this  festive  occasion,  was  decorated  and  ornamented 
in  ye  highest  stile  of  elegance  &  taste,  with  Arches  &  festoons  formed  of  all  the 
Flowers  of  ye  Season.  At  four  o'clock,  p.  m.  the  Company  marched  into  ye  Common, 
where  they  unanimously  elected  the  following  gentlemen  as  officers  for  the  Current 
Year,  viz  : 

"  Hon.  MajorGeneral  Benjamin  Lincoln  [1786],  Captain.  Col.  JohnWinslow  [1786], 
Lieutenant.  Capt  John  Johnston  [1786],  Ensign.  Maj.  William  Bird  [1787],  1st  Sergt; 
Capt  Nathaniel  Call  [1774],  2d  Sergt;  Maj.  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786],  3'd  Sergt; 
Mr.  Joseph  Spear  Jr  [1774],  4th  Sergt;  Mr.  John  Fenno  [1787],  Clerk;  Col.  Joseph 
Jackson  [1738],  Treasurer. 

"  After  performing  a  variety  of  maneuvers  &  firings,  ye  Company  returned  to  the 
Hall  and  concluded  this  highly  pleasing  day  with  sensations  adapted  to  ye  Occasion. 

"  Attest :     John  Fenno,  Clerk. 

"The  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall,  Monday,  June  9.  1788.  Voted  That  the 
Commission  Officers  of  the  past  and  those  of  the  present  year  be  a  Committee  to  wait 
on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Osgood  with  the  thanks  of  this  Company  for  the  excellent  Discourse 
delivered  by  him  on  the  2'd  inst,  &  to  request  a  copy  thereof  for  the  press.  Voted, 
That  the  same  committee  procure  two  hundred  Copies  thereof  for  the  Company.  Voted, 
The  Committee  appointed  the  last,  with  the  commissioned  officers  for  the  present  year, 
viz  :  Hon  Benjamin  Lincoln  [1786]  Lt.  Col.  John  Winslow  [1786]  &  Capt  John  John- 
ston [1786]  be  a  Committee  to  superintend  the  Finances  of  the  Company.  Voted,  That 
the  next  meeting  of  this  Company  be  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  the  Second  Monday  Evening  of 
August  next  at  seven  o'clock. 


242  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,7ss 

"  Monday  evening,  August  nth  1788.  The  Company  met  according  to  adjourn- 
ment for  Exercise.  Col.  Winslow  [1786]  proposed  Maj.  Samuel  Swan  [1788]  of  Charles- 
town  as  a  member. 

"August  18th  1788.  Met  for  Exercise.  Maj.  Swan  [1788]  being  balloted  for  was 
admitted.  Mr.  John  Fenno  proposed  Mr.  Thomas  Curtis  as  a  member.  Voted,  that  the 
roll  be  called  at  half  past  7  o'clock  next  Monday  evening. 

"August  25th  1788.  Mr.  Thomas  Curtis  [1788J,  being  balloted  for  this  Evening, 
was  admitted. 

"September  1st.  The  Company  made  their  publick  appearance  commanded  by 
Col.  Winslow  [1786].  Voted,  that  the  Company  meet  every  Monday  evening  till  first 
Monday  in  October  next :  Roll  to  be  called  at  half  past  seven  o'clock. 

"  Sept.  8th.  Met  for  Exercise.  Voted,  That  each  Member  shall  pay  one  shilling 
and  sixpence  for  two  sermons  preached  by  Rev.  D.  Osgood  at  the  Anniversary,  and 
sixpence  apiece  for  as  many  more  as  they  may  see  proper  to  take  ! 

"  Sept.  29th.  Met  for  Exercise.  Voted,  That  the  Company  will  meet  on  Monday 
next  at  Faneuil  Hall,  3  o'clock  p.  m.  Voted,  That  every  Member  shall  bring  his  Cart- 
ridge Box  filled  with  blank  cartridges  for  the  above  occasion.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk 
shall  make  provision  at  the  Hall  as  usual  for  the  Refreshment  of  the  Company  after  the 
parade. 

"Monday,  October  6th,  1788.  The  Company  made  their  last  publick  appearance 
for  the  Year  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Lincoln  [1786]. 

"  Attest :     John  Fenno,  Clerk." 

On  Monday,  April  7,  1788,  agreeably  to  their  charter,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  of  this  Commonwealth,  commanded  by  Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786), 
made  their  first  public  appearance  for  the  year,  and  performed  the  military  manoeuvres, 
evolutions,  and  firings  with  great  exactness. 

On  Monday,  June  2,  1788,  the  Artillery  election  was  held  with  the  usual  cere- 
monies. His  Excellency  the  governor,  John  Hancock,  with  other  guests,  was  received 
at  the  council  chamber  and  escorted  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-house,  where  a  sermon 
was  delivered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Osgood,  of  Medford.  The  Company  was  seated  at  four 
large  tables,  and  the  hall  was  beautifully  decorated.  After  the  election,  in  the  usual 
form,  on  the  Common,  the  Company,  on  invitation  from  his  Excellency  the  governor, 
repaired  to  his  Excellency's  house  and  partook  of  refreshments  The  governor  was 
then  escortedin  to  the  square,  where  the  Chair  of  State  provided  for  his  Excellency  was. 
The  Company  passed  in  review,  and  performed  evolutions  and  firings  with  exactness. 
Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786),  and  the  other  officers  of  the  Company,  resigned  to  his  Excel- 
lency the  insignias  of  their  stations  and  the  commands  they  held,  and  Major-Gen. 
Lincoln  (1786)  was  invested  as  captain,  Col.  Winslow  (1786),  lieutenant,  and  Capt. 
Johnston  (1786),  ensign.  The  ceremonies  being  finished,  the  Company  escorted  the 
gentlemen  of  the  General  Court,  clergy,  and  military  to  the  Hall,  where  another  elegant 
entertainment  was  provided,  and,  in  festivity  and  good  humor,  closed  the  pleasing  and 
brilliant  anniversary. 

"Ancient  Artillery  Election. —  Our  venerable  and  praiseworthy  ancestors,  in  the 
first  settlement  of  this  empire,  laid  the  foundation  of  such  institutions  as  they  thought 
would  best  promote  the  interest,  happiness,  and  safety  of  their  posterity.     Among  other 


i788]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  243 

laudable  and  patriotic  institutions,  in  1638,  by  an  act  of  assembly,  they  incorporated, 
with  certain  privileges,  an  Artillery  Company,  as  a  nursery  in  which  the  officer  should 
practice  the  duties  of  the  private  soldier,  and  the  first  Monday  of  June  is  fixed  by  the 
charter  for  the  election  of  such  members  of  the  corps  as  they  should  think  fit  to  lead 
and  command  them  for  a  year.  On  Monday  last  [June  2]  the  Company  exercised  this 
privilege.  At  ten  o'clock  they  marched  to  the  council  chamber,  from  whence  they 
escorted  his  Excellency  the  governor,  his  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor,  the  honorable 
council,  and  the  officers  of  the  several  independent  corps  in  this  town,  who  are  not  mem- 
bers of  the  Company,  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-House,  where,  at  the  request  of  the 
Company,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Osgood,  of  Medford,  delivered  a  sensible  and  well-adapted 
sermon.  After  divine  service  was  performed,  the  Company  escorted  the  Supreme 
Executive,  several  members  of  the  honorable  Senate,  the  honorable  speaker,  and  several 
members  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  the  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  State,  the 
Hon.  Mr.  King,  the  president  of  Harvard  College,  the  reverend  clergy  of  the  town,  and 
such  of  the  clergy,  belonging  to  other  places,  as  were  in  town ;  the  board  of  selectmen, 
officers  of  cavalry,  the  artillery,  cadet,  light  infantry,  and  fusileer  companies,  and  officers 
of  the  various  departments,  gentlemen  and  foreigners  of  distinction,  etc.,  to  Faneuil 
Hall,  where  they  were  previously  invited  by  the  Company  to  dine,  and  where  they  par- 
took of  a  sumptuous  and  elegant  entertainment.  The  whole  company  were  seated  at  four 
large  tables.  The  hall  was  most  beautifully  decorated  on  the  occasion  ;  at  the  entrance  was 
a  large  arch,  hung  with  fragrant  flowers,  bearing  on  the  key-stone  the  words,  '  Incorporated 
1638.'  From  the  wall  hung  eleven  large  festoons  of  flowers,  of  every  dye  and  odor.  At 
the  head  of  the  hall  were  seven  pillars  of  wreaths,  decorated  with  flowers,  emblematic  of 
the  seven  States  that  have  adopted  the  Federal  Constitution,  on  the  key-stones  of  the 
arches  of  which  were  painted,  in  large  characters,  the  names  of  the  States,  and  behind 
them  were  fixed  figures,  almost  as  large  as  life,  of  their  Excellencies,  the  presidents  of  the 
Federal  and  Massachusetts  conventions.  The  beautiful  arrangement  and  symmetry  of 
these  decorations  excited  the  astonishment  and  admiration  of  the  Company,  as  well  as 
numerous  spectators,  and  the  fragrance  of  the  flowers,  and  the  music  of  an  excellent 
band,  added  great  zest  to  the  entertainment.  After  dinner,  the  following  toasts  were 
drank  :  — 

"  1.     The  Governor  and  Commonwealth. 

"  2.     The  United  States. 

"  3.     The  States  which  have  adopted  the  Constitution. 

"  4.     Speedy  completion  of  the  federal  edifice. 

"5.     Louis  XVI.,  our  illustrious  ally,  and  the  friendly  powers  of  Europe. 

"  6.     The  Day. 

"7.     Gen.  Washington. 

"  8.     The  Militia  of  Massachusetts. 

"  9.  May  our  citizens  prize  the  honor  of  being  soldiers,  and  our  soldiers  never  for- 
get that  they  are  citizens. 

"  10.  Our  illustrious  ancestor,  who  first  laid  the  foundation  of  military  knowledge 
in  America,  by  the  institution  of  this  Company. 

"11.  May  benevolence  and  peace  so  far  influence  the  citizens  of  the  world  that 
the  implements  of  war  may  with  safety  be  converted  into  tools  of  husbandry. 

"  12.     The  President  and  University  in  Cambridge. 

"  13.     Freedom  and  peace  to  all  mankind. 


244  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  r_,7g8 

"When  the  seventh  toast  was  drank,  Mr.  Rea  [1789]  sung  'God  save  great  Wash- 
ington,' l  in  his  usual  style  of  excellence. 

"  After  dinner,  the  Company  marched  into  the  Common,  to  a  large  square,  and 
having  elected  their  officers  for  the  ensuing  year,  the  Company,  on  invitation  from  his 
Excellency  the  governor,  repaired  to  his  Excellency's  house,  and  partook  of  a  delicate 
repast  provided  for  them.  The  Company  then  escorted  his  Excellency,  and  other  dis- 
tinguished characters,  into  the  square,  where  the  Chair  of  State  was  provided  for  his 
Excellency,  and  seats  for  the  other  gentlemen  of  the  procession.  The  whole  being 
seated,  the  Company  passed  the  commander-in-chief  in  review,  and  afterwards  per- 
formed several  evolutions  and  firings,  with  exactness ;  after  which,  Major-Gen.  Brooks 
[1786],  and  the  other  officers  of  the  Company,  resigned  to  his  Excellency  the  insignias  of 
their  stations,  and  the  commands  they  held,  who,  having  invested  the  officers  elected  to 
serve  the  ensuing  year  with  their  other  badges,  the  latter  received  from  the  commander- 
in-chief  the  insignias  and  command  resigned  to  him,  —  Major-Gen.  Lincoln  [1786]  that 
of  captain,  Col.  Winslow  [1786]  that  of  lieutenant,  and  Capt.  Johnston  [1786]  that  of 
ensign. 

"The  ceremonies  being  finished,  the  Company  escorted  a  number  of  gentlemen  of 
the  General  Court,  clergy  and  military,  to  the  hall,  where  another  elegant  entertainment 
was  provided,  and,  in  festivity  and  good  humor,  closed  this  pleasing  and  brilliant  anni- 
versary."2 

On  Monday,  Sept.  1,  1788,  agreeably  to  its  charter,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  of  this  Commonwealth  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  from  whence  they 
marched  into  the  Common  and  performed  their  usual  manoeuvres,  evolutions,  and  firings 
with  soldier-like  exactness. 

1  Song. 

God  save  Columbia's  son  ! 
God  bless  great  Washington ! 

Crown  him  with  bays ! 
Shout,  shout,  America, — ■ 
Wide  over  earth  and  sea, 
Shout  in  full  harmony, 

Washington's  praise ! 

When  Britain  took  the  field, 
Then  his  strong  arm  repelled, 

Fought  and  subdued. 
Now,  all  victorious, 
Mighty  and  glorious, 
He  presides  over  us, 

Great,  just,  and  good! 

Raise,  then,  to  heaven  the  song ! 
Pour  in  full  tides  along, 

Gratitude's  strains !  — 
Say  thou'rt  our  strength  and  stay  — 
Still  we'll  confess  thy  sway  — 
Whilst  over  America 

Washington  reigns. 

2  Boston  Newspaper. 


T^  ?uo£L 


,78g]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  245 

On  Monday,  Oct.  6,  1788,  agreeably  to  its  charter,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,  commanded  by  Major-Gen.  Lincoln  (1786),  made  its  last  parade 
for  the  year.  The  Company  made  a  fine  appearance,  and  performed  several  evolutions, 
firings,  and  manoeuvres  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  a  large  number  of  spectators. 

Rev.  David  Osgood,  of  Medford,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1788 
in  "  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-house."  He  was  the  fourth  son  of  Capt.  Isaac  Osgood,  who 
lived  in  the  southwest  part  of  Andover,  and  was  born  Oct.  25,  1747.  David  Osgood 
married  Hannah  Breed,  Nov.  1,  1786;  they  had  four  children. 

Mr.  Osgood  worked  during  his  boyhood  upon  his  father's  farm,  but  improved  every 
opportunity  for  studying.  At  the  age  of  nineteen  years  he  taught  school,  and  at  twenty 
entered  Harvard  College.  After  graduation,  he  continued  the  study  of  divinity  at  Cam- 
bridge. March  10,  1774,  the  town  of  Medford  invited  him  to  preach  there,  as  a  candi- 
date for  settlement,  as  colleague  with  Rev.  Ebenezer  Turell,  who  was  a  grandson  of 
Daniel  Turell  (1656),  and  a  nephew  of  Daniel,  Jr.  (1674).  Having  preached  before  the 
town,  he  was  invited  to  settle,  but  as  six  persons  were  opposed  to  his  settlement,  he  hesi- 
tated to  accept  the  invitation.  June  9,  1774,  the  invitation  was  renewed.  It  was 
accepted,  and  arrangements  for  the  ordination  service  were  made.  The  dissentients  pro- 
tested to  the  council,  but  after  hearing  Mr.  Osgood's  views,  as  stated  by  him,  the  council 
expressed  its  unanimous  approval  of  them. 

Mr.  Osgood  "  was  a  true  patriot,  as  well  as  a  learned  man,  and  effective  preacher. 
.  .  .  His  appearance  in  the  sacred  desk  was  singularly  imposing,  especially  after  age  had 
whitened  his  locks.  He  had  a  well-developed  frame,  a  strongly-marked  face,  a  powerful 
voice,  and  sometimes  a  very  animated  delivery." 

He  died  Dec.  12,  1822,  at  the  age  of  seventy-five  years,  after  a  pastorate  of  more 
than  forty-eight  years. 


n  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1789  were  :  Brig. -Gen. 

J  7oQ.  Hul1  ('788),  captain;  Major  Andrew  Cunningham  (1786),  lieutenant;  Capt. 

1        y'  Turner  Phillips  (1786),  ensign.     Zechariah  Hicks  (1786)  was  first  sergeant; 

Thomas  Clark  (1786),  second  sergeant;  John  Brazer  (1786),  third  sergeant;  Samuel 

Prince  (1788),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Samuel  Greenough  (1786),  clerk. 

The  entertainment  intended  to  be  given  June  12,  1789,  by  Capt.  Linzee,  on  board 
the  British  frigate  "Penelope,"  in  return  for  courtesies  received,  was,  on  account  of  the 
weather,  given  by  him  on  that  day  at  the  American  Coffee-House,  at  which  were  present, 
his  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor,  the  Hon.  Mr.  Bowdoin,  several  of  the  honorable 
council,  the  adjutant-general,  the  officers  of  his  Excellency's  suite,  the  officers  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  of  the  years  1788  and  1789,  the  officers  of  the  Inde- 
pendent Cadets  and  artillery,  in  their  several  uniforms,  and  a  large  number  of  citizens. 
The  entertainment  was  served  in  the  best  style,  during  which  a  band  of  music  performed, 
and  concluded  with  every  mark  of  convivial  propriety,  mutual  attention,  and  reciprocal 

good  office. 

In  October,  1789,  President  George  Washington  visited  Boston  and  vicinity.  He 
was  met  at  Marlboro  by  Major  Joseph  Hall,  Jr.  (1788),  aide-de-camp  to  Gen.  Brooks 
(1786),  and  accepted  an  invitation  from  him  to  review  the  Third  Division  of  State  troops 

Rev.  David  Osgood.    Authorities:  Histories  of  Medford,  by  Mr.  Usher  and  Mr.  Brooks. 


246  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND  [,78g 

on  Cambridge  Common,  on  his  way  to  Boston.  When  Washington  arrived  at  the  Vassal 
House,  —"the  tent  of  Mars  and  the  haunt  of  the  Muses," —  in  Cambridge,  which  had 
been  his  headquarters  in  1776,  he  found  Gen.  Brooks's  senior  aide,  Col.  Hall,  at  the  gate, 
and  was  informed  by  him  that  the  hour  of  twelve,  which  had  been  fixed  for  the  review,  had 
arrived,  and  that  the  line  was  formed.  Taken  somewhat  by  surprise  that  time  had  passed 
so  rapidly,  and  still  unwilling  to  be  outdone  in  punctuality,  a  prominent  trait  in  his  own 
character,  the  general,  without  alighting,  immediately  directed  Col.  Hall  to  conduct  him 
to  the  field.  Fearing  he  had  been  too  hasty  in  telling  Washington  that  the  line  was 
actually  formed  and  ready  to  receive  him,  and  seeing  him  remount,  Col.  Hall  left  his 
co-aide,  Major  Joseph  Hall,  Jr.  (1788),  who  had  accompanied  the  general  from 
Marlboro,  to  perform  the  remainder  of  his  duty,  and  putting  spurs  to  his  horse  galloped 
with  the  greatest  rapidity  to  the  Common,  and  informed  Gen.  Brooks  (1786)  that  Wash- 
ington was  on  his  way,  and  close  at  hand.  Col.  Hall  had  ventured  to  tell  Washington 
that  the  line  was  formed,  as  he  saw  him  actually  dismounting,  and  naturally  supposed  that 
the  general  would  occupy  a  few  minutes  in  refreshing  himself  after  his  morning's 
long  ride. 

Nothing  could  have  surprised  Gen.  Brooks  (1786)  more  than  Col.  Hall's  announce- 
ment. His  troops  were  scattered  over  the  field ;  but,  glancing  at  his  watch,  and  finding 
that  the  appointed  time  had  in  truth  arrived,  although  noted  for  his  great  deliberation  in 
times  of  great  moment,  he  lost  no  time  in  bringing  his  troops  into  line,  which  was  done 
while  the  artillery  was  firing  the  national  salute.  This  was  scarcely  accomplished  when 
Washington  appeared  on  the  right  of  the  line,  and  immediately  heard  from  the  lips  of 
his  old  friend  and  companion-in-arms  all  through  the  Revolutionary  War,  the  command, 
never  before  so  thrillingly  given,  "  Present  arms  !  "  It  is  easy  to  imagine  that  no  ordinary 
emotions  filled  the  breast  of  "  the  Father  of  his  Country,"  as,  under  the  wide-spreading 
branches  of  the  noble  tree,  standing  at  the  corner  of  the  street,  now  familiarly  called 
"the  Washington  Elm,"  he  viewed  the  scene  before  him,  and  recalled  to  mind  the  time 
when,  on  the  same  ground,  he,  with  his  undisciplined  army,  commenced  the  seven  years' 
struggle. 

Gen.  Brooks  (1786),  who  was  an  elegant  horseman,  and  sat  as  proudly  erect  as  a 
martinet,  rode  down  the  line  in  company  with  Washington,  who  most  particularly 
noticed  and  mentioned  its  beautiful  appearance.  Riding  back  with  rapidity  to  the  rear, 
and  observing  that  not  a  single  man  looked  around,  but  that  all  (although  excited  with 
the  greatest  possible  curiosity)  kept  their  faces  steadily  to  the  front,  he  remarked  to 
Gen.  Brooks  (1786),  in  allusion  to  the  seven  years'  war  in  which  they  both  had  been 
engaged,  "Ah  !  General,  if  we  had  had  such  troops  as  these,  we  should  have  made  short 
work  of  it." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1789  were  :  Jonas  S.  Bass, 
John  Baxter,  John  Bonner,  Bela  Clapp,  Joseph  Clark,  Michael  Homer,  Daniel  Rea,  3d, 
William  Whittemore,  William  Williams. 

Jonas  S.  Bass  (1789),  tanner,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel,  Jr.,  and  Deborah  Bass, 
was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  10,  1762.  His  tannery  (ten  thousand  square  feet)  was  on  the 
south  side  of  Water  Street,  and  he  lived  in  Williams  Court,  Cornhill.  He  was  third 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1793,  lieutenant  in  1797,  and  captain  in  1800. 

Jonas  Stone  Bass  (1789)  is  named  in  the  roll  of  enlisted  men  in  Capt.  Brailsford's 
company,  Col.  Edward  Proctor's  (1756)  regiment,  July  22,  1780,  at  which  time  he  was 


I?89]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  247 

"  seventeen  years  old ;  in  stature,  five  feet  nine  inches ;  complexion,  light ;  residence, 
Boston."  He  enlisted  for  three  months,  and  marched  under  Brig.- Gen.  John  Fellows. 
He  was  transferred,  July  26,  to  Capt.  Alexander  Hodgdon's  (1786)  company,  Col.  Eben- 
ezer  Thayer's  (1788)  regiment,  and  was  discharged  Oct.  30,  1780.  His  service  was  a 
campaign  in  Rhode  Island,  occasioned  by  an  "  alarm."  The  company  was  raised  to 
reinforce  the  Continental  Army.  He  continued  in  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of 
captain  after  the  war.     He  died  in  Boston  in  September,  1834,  aged  seventy- two  years. 

John  Baxter  (1789),  merchant.  In  1789  he  kept  a  boot  and  shoe  store  at  No.  14 
State  Street.  He  married,  Sept.  26,  1790,  Elizabeth  Marshall.  His  residence  was  at 
the  "  Corner  Branch  Bank,"  State  Street,  and,  under  the  firm  name  of  John  Baxter  & 
Co.,  did  business  at  No.  59  Long  Wharf  in  1796. 

John  Bonner  (1789),  probably  a  son  of  Capt.  John  Bonner,  who  lived  in  Mackerel 
Lane  in  1743,  was  a  wood-wharfinger,  Battery  march  Street.  He  was  first  lieutenant  of 
the  Republican  Volunteer  Company  in  1787-8,  and  captain  of  artillery  in  1809  He 
resided  on  Federal  Street. 

Bela  Clapp  (1789),  contractor  and  builder,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joshua  and  Lydia 
Clapp,  was  born  in  Scituate,  July  2,  1760.  He  married,  (1)  Jan.  23,  1783,  Sarah  War- 
land, —  who  died  Feb.  2,  1804,  —  and,  (2)  Feb.  16,  1805,  Elizabeth  Gilbert,  of  Littleton, 
Mass.  He  was  a  builder,  and  erected  many  fine  buildings  in  Boston.  During  Shays' 
Rebellion  he  was  chosen  to  command  a  company  of  drafted  men,  and  marched  them 
to  Worcester,  where  the  news  of  the  dispersion  of  Shays'  forces  was  received,  and  he 
returned  with  his  company  to  Boston.  With  his  wife,  Sarah,  he  joined  the  Old  South 
Church,  Sept.  14,  1783.  April  5,  1802,  he  became  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts 
Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  State  militia,  and  served  as  captain  of  a  military  company 
in  Boston  from  1790  to  1794.  He  retired  to  a  farm  in  Claremont,  N.  H.,  where  he  died 
July  12,  1812.  His  son,  William  W.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1820,  and  his 
grandson,  William  W.,  Jr.,  in  185 1 . 

Joseph  Clark  (1789),  shipwright,  "Clark's  Street,  North  End,  near  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Elliot's  meeting-house,"  was  born  in  1750.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1792,  ensign  in  First  Regiment  from  1809  to  181 1,  and  became  captain. 

Mr.  Clark  (1789)  "was  a  sincere  and  open  friend  ;  a  peaceable  and  obliging  neigh- 
bor; a  worthy  member  of  the  community,  industrious,  honest,  punctual,  and  public 
spirited,  constant  and  diffusive  in  offices  of  kindness."  >  He  died  in  Boston,  June  9, 
1 794,  aged  forty-four  years,  and  was  buried  from  his  house,  "  near  Rev.  Mr.  Elliot's 
meeting-house." 

Michael  Homer  (1789),  bricklayer,  of  Boston,  was  the  second  son  of  Michael  (1768) 
and  Hannah  (Allen)  Homer,  and  was  born  in  1762.  He  was  the  father  of  Rev.  Jona- 
than Homer,  D.  D.,  of  Newton,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1790. 

It  was  Michael  Homer,  Jr.  (1789),  who  was  second  lieutenant  of  the  Republican 
Volunteer  Company  in  1787-8,  —  but  the  record  omits  the  "  Jr.,"  —  and  was  captain  in  the 
Boston  regiment  from  1790  to  1795.     He  died  Oct.  28,  1828,  aged  sixty-six  years. 

John    Bonner   (1789).      Authority:    New  Bela   Clapp    (1789).     Authorities:   Clapp 

Eng   Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1851  and  1S60.  Memorial;   Boston  Records. 

>  Columbian  Centinel,  June  II,  1794. 


248  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [I78g 

Daniel  Rea,  3d  (1789),  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Daniel  Rea,  Jr.  (1770).  He 
married,  in  April,  1789,  Sally  Bangs.     They  resided  on  Liberty  Square. 

Mr.  Rea  (1789)  was  very  proficient  as  a  singer.  For  several  years  he  was  a  soloist 
at  the  anniversary  dinner  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  the  entire 
company  joining  in  the  choruses.  It  is  said  that  at  one  time,  by  request,  he  sung  in  the 
presence  of  President  George  Washington. 

William  Whittemore  (1789),  manufacturer,  of  West  Cambridge,  son  of  Thomas 
and  Anna  (Cutter)  Whittemore,  was  born  in  Menotomy,  and  baptized  Feb.  1,  1761. 
He  married,  Nov.  2,  1783,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Nehemiah  Cutter,1  and  had  ten 
children.  John  Hancock  Whittemore,  their  youngest  son,  served  in  the  Mexican  War, 
and  died  in  Oregon  in  1 850-1.  Thomas  Whittemore  was  a  farmer,  and  his  son  William 
(1789)  received  such  an  education  only  as  the  district  school  provided.  He  was  of  an 
active  business  turn,  and  had  a  taste  for  manufacturing.  He  continued  to  reside  in 
Menotomy,  and  introduced  the  manufacture  of  cards,  which  became  a  profitable  business, 
and  also  dealt  in  merchandise.  He  acquired  a  patent  for  sticking  the  teeth  for  factory 
cards,  and  thereby  accumulated  a  large  property.  He  was  a  selectman  of  Cambridge 
from  1803  to  1805,  representative  from  1804  to  1806,  senator  in  1820  and  1821,  and  a 
delegate  to  the  State  convention  of  1820.  He  died  Nov.  2,  1842,  aged  eighty-one  years. 
He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

William  Williams  (1789)  was  a  hatter  in  Boston.  He  married,  (1)  in  August, 
1789,  Betsy  Blake,  and,  (2)  May  10,  1801,  Margaret  Atwood.  In  1789  his  place  of 
business  was  on  Ann  Street.  About  1810  he  removed  to  the  State  of  Maine.  He  is  said 
to  have  been  a  man  of  fine  personal  appearance  and  elegant  manners.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association,  and  Mr.  Buckingham,  in 
the  "Annals  of  the  Association,"  says  of  him  :  "He  was  an  excellent  singer,  and  was 
chorister  at  the  Second  Church.  His  fine  voice  and  musical  talent  introduced  him  to 
much  company  and  many  social  and  festive  gatherings,  and  made  him  an  agreeable 
companion  and  favorite,  but  contributed  nothing  to  his  pecuniary  prosperity."  He  was 
captain  of  a  company  in  the  Boston  regiment  from  1796  to  1798,  and  a  captain  in  the 
Legionary  Brigade  in  1799  ;  also  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1794. 

Mr.  Williams  (1789)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge 
in  1771,  and  became  a  member  Jan.  6,  1772.  He  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's 
Chapter  in  1792. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1789  is  as  follows  :  — 
"  At  a  meeting  of  the  Antient  Artillery  Company  at  Faneuil  Hall,  Friday  Evening, 
6th  March,  1789,  Voted,  Unanimously  for  Mr.  Samuel  Greenough  [1786]  to  serve  as 
Clerk  pro-tem  until  June  next.  Voted,  to  meet  on  Wednesday  Evening  next  at  the  Hall 
for  Exercise  :  the  roll  to  be  called  half  past  seven  o'clock.  Voted,  a  fine  of  one  shilling 
to  be  paid  by  any  member  absent  the  whole  Evening,  and  six  pence  if  absent  at  roll-call. 
Voted,  that  any  member  that  shall  attend  without  his  Gun  &  Bayonet  shall  be  subject  to 
pay  the  same  fine  as  if  absent  the  whole  Evening. 

William    Williams   (1789).      Authorities:  '  See  Cutter  Genealogy,  pp.  164,  165,  250. 

Boston  Records;    By-Laws  of  The   Massachusetts 
Lodge. 


1789]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  249 

"Wednesday  evening,  nth  March.     Met  for  Exercise  agreeable  to  the  above  vote. 

"Monday  evening  1 6th  March.     Met  for  Exercise,  at  the  Hall. 

"  Monday  evening  23d  March.     Met  at  the  Hall  for  Exercise. 

"  Monday  evening,  30th  March.  Met  at  the  Hall.  Voted,  the  Company  to  meet 
at  the  Town  House  floor  on  Monday  next  at  three  o'clock  p.  m.  being  the  first  Monday  in 
April,  with  their  Cartridge  Boxes  filled  with  Blank  Cartridges.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk 
shall  make  provisions  at  the  Hall  as  usual  for  the  refreshment  of  the  Company  after  the 
parade. 

"  Monday,  6th  April.  The  Company  paraded  at  the  Town  House  floor  agreeable 
to  the  above  vote  —  marched  into  the  Common  —  performed  firings  &c,  commanded  by 
His  Honor  the  Lieut.  Governor,  Gen.  Lincoln  [1786].  Voted,  that  the  three  Com- 
missioned officers  &  the  Treasurer  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Barnard 
of  Salem,  &  request  him  to  preach  a  sermon  to  the  Company  on  their  Election  in  June 
next.  Attest    Samuel  Greenough,  Clerk. 

"  Monday  evening,  20th  April,  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  for  Exercise. 

"  Monday  evening,  27th  April.  Company  met  at  the  Hall  for  Exercise.  Voted, 
that  the  Company  parade  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  Monday  next  at  three  o'clock  p.  m.  in  uni- 
form, with  Arms,  accoutrements  &c.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  notify  the  absent  members 
of  the  time  &  place  of  parade  on  Monday  next,  and  provide  for  the  refreshment  of  the 
Company  as  usual. 

"  Monday,  4th  May.  The  Company  paraded  at  the  Hall,  —  marched  into  the  Com- 
mon,—  performed  various  evolutions  and  firings  commanded  by  Col.  John  Winslow 
[1786],  —  returned  to  the  Hall.  The  Committee  report  the  Rev.  Mr.  Barnard  accepted 
of  the  invitation  of  the  Company  to  preach  a  Sermon  to  them  at  their  Election  in  June 
next.  Voted,  To  meet  at  the  Hall  on  Monday  evening  of  the  18th  inst,  at  half  after 
Seven  o'clock,  on  business,  without  Arms.  Attest :     Samuel  Greenough,  Clerk. 

.  "  Monday  evening,  18th  May.  Agreeable  to  the  above  vote  the  Company  met  at 
Faneuil  Hall  this  Evening.  Voted,  That  a  Dinner  be  provided  at  Faneuil  Hall  for  the 
Company  and  such  Gentlemen  as  they  shall  invite  to  dine  with  them  the  first  Monday  in 
June  next.  Voted,  That  the  three  Commissioned  Officers,  Col.  Amasa  Davis  [1786], 
Col  Josiah  Waters  [1769]  and  Mr.  William  Shattuck  [1787]  be  a  Committee  to  provide 
and  give  a  bill  of  fare  for  the  Intertainment  of  that  day.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer 
pay  twenty-four  pounds  lawful  money  from  the  funds  towards  defraying  ye  Expense  of  the 
Entertainment  on  Election  in  June  next :  and  the  said  Committee  as  before  appointed 
engage  ye  Band  for  said  day. 

"  May  23d.  Voted,  That  the  Company  parade  at  the  Old  South  Meeting,  &  the  Roll 
be  called  at  ten  o'clock.  Voted,  That  fifteen  pounds,  in  addition  to  the  twenty-four 
pounds,  for  ye  expences  of  the  Dinner  on  Election  day,  to  be  borrowed  on  Interest  & 
repaid  out  of  ye  first  money  collected  from  ye  funds  of  the  Company. 

"June  5th,  Monday.  The  Company  paraded  at  the  Old  South  Meeting  House  &  at 
eleven  o'clock  escorted  His  Excellency,  ye  Governor,  Lieut  Governor,  &  Council  to  the 
old  Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a  sermon  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Barnard  of 
Salem.  After  service,  ye  Company  escorted  the  Governor  &c.  &c.  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where 
an  elegant  entertainment  was  prepared  by  the  Company.  At  4  o'clock,  ye  Company 
proceeded  into  ye  Common  &  made  choice  of  Brig.  General  William  Hull  [1788],  Cap- 
tain, Major  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786],  Lieutenant,  and  Captain  Turner  Phillips  [1786], 


250 


HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT    AND 


[1789 


Ensign,  for  ye  year  ensuing.  The  Company  was  then  led  to  the  Hall  by  their  new 
Officers,  where  they  finished  the  day  very  agreeably. 

"June  15th.  The  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall.  Voted,  to  print  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Barnard's  Sermon  by  Subscription,  and  the  Officers  were  the  Committee  to  superintend 
the  same. 

"  September  7  th  The  Company  met  agreeable  to  their  Charter  &  were  led  into  the 
Common  by  Maj.  Gen.  Hull  [1788],  where  they  went  through  the  firings  &  evolutions 
with  great  exactness,  &  returned  to  the  Hall  and  partook  of  refreshments  as  usual. 

"October  5th.  The  Company  met  agreeable  to  their  Charter  and  were  led  into  the 
Common  by  Lieut  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786],  where  they  went  through  the  firings,  &c. 
&  then  returned  to  the  Hall  and  partook  of  refreshment.  Voted,  That  the  Company 
meet  the  third  Monday  Evening  in  March  next  at  7  o'clock,  unless  sooner  called  together 
by  ye  Officers." 

The  Artillery  election  was  held  on  Monday,  June  1,  1789,  agreeably  to  their  charter. 
The  Company  assembled  at  the  Old  South  Meeting-house  at  high  noon,  marched  to  the 
council  chamber,  received  the  lieutenant-governor,  the  council,  officers  of  the  several 
independent  military  organizations  in  town,  and  thence  proceeded  to  the  Old  Brick 
Meeting-house,  where  services  were  held  and  a  sermon  preached  by  Rev.  Mr.  Barnard, 
of  Salem.  After  service,  a  procession  was  formed  and  the  Company  escorted  Lieut.-Gov. 
Adams,  Hon.  Mr.  Bowdoin,  the  council,  senators,  judges,  members  of  the  House,  select- 
men of  Boston,  clergy,  consul  of  France,  officers  of  the  Cadets,  Castle  William,  light 
infantry,  artillery,  fusileers,  all  in  uniform  ;  Capt.  Linzee,  and  five  other  officers  of  the 
British  frigate  "  Penelope,"  etc.,  numbering  two  hundred  persons,  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where 
a  sumptuous  dinner  was  served. 

After  dinner,  the  usual  toasts  were  offered,  and  addresses  made.  After  the  first 
toast,  —  "The  illustrious,  the  President  of  the  United  States,"  —  Mr.  Rea  (1789),  Col. 
Waters  (1769),  Capt.  Wells  (1786),  and  others,  sung  the  following  ode  :  — 


"  From  Britain's  sea-girt  isle, 
Where  Flora's  richest  smile 

Luxuriant  glows  — 
To  this  then  desert  waste, 
By  savages  possest, 
To  be  with  Freedom  blest 

In  calm  repose  : 

"  Our  enterprising  sires, 
Warm'd  with  fair  Freedom's  fires, 

Advent'rous  came. 

Here  they  their  dwelling  made, 

Their  standard  here  displayed 

Beneath  the  wild  woods'  shade 

Set  up  their  claim. 

"  By  faithless  foes  compell'd 
To  tread  the  ensanguine  field, 

Unskill'd  in  war, 
This  Institution  made 
To  teach  its  martial  trade 
To  wield  the  shining  blade 
The  foe  to  dare. 


"  While  the  same  martial  fire 
That  did  their  breasts  inspire, 

Our  bosoms  warm, 
May  we  with  equal  zeal 
Pursue  the  public  weal, 
Nor  feel  the  bloody  steel 

If  call'd  to  arms. 

"  Illustrious  Founders,  hail ! 
This  day  your  patriot  zeal 

Your  sons  proclaim. 
Your  names  we  venerate, 
Your  glory  emulate, 
And  tell  our  sons  how  great 

Their  grandsires'  fame. 

"  Hark  !    The  loud  trumps  proclaim 
Washington's  glorious  name. 

Charge!    Fill  again, 
Fill  the  bowl— fill  it  high, — 
First-born  son  of  the  sky, 
May  he  never,  never  die, 

Heaven  shout  Amln!" 


I789]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  25  I 

After  the  banquet,  the  Company  repaired  to  the  Common  and  elected  officers  for 
the  ensuing  year,  viz.:  Brig.-Gen.  Hull  (1788),  captain;  Major  Andrew  Cunningham 
(1786),  lieutenant,  and  Capt.  Turner  Phillips  (1786),  ensign. 

His  Excellency  the  governor,  from  indisposition  of  body,  not  being  able  to  take  his 
seat  on  the  Common,  the  old  officers,  and  those  just  elected,  proceeded  to  his  Excel- 
lency's house,  where  the  old  officers  resigned  the  insignia  of  their  offices,  and  the  new 
officers  were  invested  therewith  by  the  commander-in-chief.1 

Gen.  Hull  (1788),  having  returned  with  his  officers  to  the  Common,  invited  the 
guests  to  an  entertainment  provided  for  them  at  Faneuil  Hall,  to  which  all  repaired,  and 
completed  the  exercises  of  the  Artillery  election.  The  Hall  was  elegantly  decorated. 
At  the  entrance  was  a  bower,  and  at  the  upper  end,  eleven  connected  pillars,  probably 
denoting  the  eleven  States  that  had  ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States ; 
between  the  centre  pillars  was  placed  a  full-length  portrait  of  the  illustrious  President  of 
the  United  States,  over  which  was  an  obelisk  eight  feet  in  length,  designed  and  finely 
executed  by  Johnston  (1786),  representing  at  the  top  the  All-Seeing  Eye,  diffusing  its 
influence  on  "our  Fabius,"  with  the  words  "Fideles  Protego"  over  it.  The  Hall  was 
profusely  decorated  with  flowers,  streamers,  flags,  etc.,  and  there  was  but  one  opinion 
expressed  by  the  thousands  who  visited  the  Hall,  viz.,  that  it  was  an  artistic  and  beautiful 
decoration. 

Rev.  Thomas  Barnard,  Jr.,  of  Salem,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1789.  He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Thomas  Barnard,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  ser- 
mon in  1758,  and  was  born  in  Newbury,  Mass.,  Feb.  5,  1748.  He  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1766,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Williams,  of  Bradford.  At  first  he  leaned 
to  the  side  of  the  loyalists,  probably  through  the  influence  of  his  parishioners,  but  event- 
ually he  was  a  stalwart  on  the  Whig  side.  He  was  present  and  prominent  in  the  first 
clash  of  the  Revolution,  when  Col.  Leslie,  the  British  officer,  came  to  Salem  at  the  head  of 
three  hundred  men,  for  guns  which  were  in  Salem,  secreted  by  Col.  David  Mason  (1754). 
It  is  said  that  the  counsel  of  Mr.  Barnard,  that  day,  prevented  bloodshed,  and  turned 
back  the  King's  troops,  leaving  the  object  of  the  expedition  unaccomplished.  When  his 
father,  in  1770,  became  disabled  by  paralysis,  the  First  Church  became  divided  as  to  a 
colleague.  Some  wanted  Thomas  Barnard,  Jr. ;  a  small  majority  preferred  Asa  Dunbar. 
This  disagreement  resulted  in  the  formation  of  the  North  Church  of  Salem,  and  the 
settlement,  as  pastor,  of  Thomas  Barnard,  Jr.,  who  was  ordained  Jan.  13,  1773,  and  con- 
tinued in  that  relation  until  his  death,  Oct.  1,  1814.  The  society  was  united  and  prosper- 
ous throughout  his  long  ministry.  He  was  very  kind  and  genial,  and  held  in  the  highest 
respect  by  all  classes  and  churches.  A  picture  of  him  is  given  in  the  "  History  of  Essex 
County,"  compiled  by  D.  Hamilton  Hurd,  Philadelphia,  1888,  page  49,  from  which  work 
this  sketch  is  abbreviated. 

1  Letter    from    Jeremy   Belknap    to   Ebenezer  appear  on  the  Common,  the  usual  place  where  the 

Hazard    at  New  York,  dated  old  officers  resign  and  the  new  ones  are  invested. 

"Boston,  June  2,  1789.  However,  Lincoln  proved  himself  an  older  general 

"My  dear   Sir,  —  I    have   received   no   letter  by  insisting  on  a  personal  interview,  and  actually 

from  you  for  several  posts.     I  suppose  you  are  very  entering   the  bed-chamber,  where  the   ceremonies 

much  engaged,  as  it  must  be  about  the  time  for  you  were  performed  under   the  inspection  of  the  phy- 

to  be  reappointed,  as  I  hope  and  trust  you  will  be.  sician  and  nurse.     Much  risibility  was  thereby  occa- 

We  had,  yesterday,  the  artillery  election,  an  account  sioned  among  those  who  know  the  real  character 

of  which  you  will  see  in  the  papers.     Washington's  of  the  popular  idol. 

picture   was   exhibited,    and    his   praises    sung   in  "We  are  all  well,  through  mercy;  and  I  am, 

Faneuil  Hall  with  great  ardor  and  sincerity.     The  "  Your  affectionate  friend, 

most  extraordinary  part  of  the  story  is  that  Governor  "  J.  Belknap." 

H.  had  a  convenient  fit  of  the  gout,  and  could  not 


252  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,790 

The  officers  of  the   Artillery  Company  elected  in  1790  were:    Robert 

[  7Q0.  Jenkins  (1756),  captain;   John  Johnston  (1786),  lieutenant;    Israel  Loring 

'     '  (1768),  ensign.     Samuel  Todd  (1786)  was  first  sergeant ;  Lemuel  Gardner 

(1787),  second  sergeant;    John  Bray  (1788),  third  sergeant;    Benjamin  Russell  (1788), 

fourth  sergeant,  and  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

"  The  following  lines  were  written  by  a  young  Miss  of  only  11  years  of  age, 

"  On  seeing  Faneuil  Hall  on  the  Day  of  Election, 
"June  7,  1790. 

"  See  here  the  tables  with  good  things  abound, 
While  joy  and  mirth  fill  all  the  seats  around; 
High  on  a  stage  bright  CERES  doth  appear, 
With  fruits  of  every  kind  that  bless  the  year. 
The  graceful  arches  bend  with  blooming  flowers, 
But  much  lov'd  WASHINGTON  above  them  towers. 
See  there  he's  plac'd,  while  numerous  objects  gaze, 
And  at  him  look  with  wonder  and  amaze. 
Kind  heaven  with  peace  and  plenty  doth  them  bless, 
And  may  heav'n's  blessing  always  on  them  rest ; 
Then  let  them  close  the  joyous  day  in  peace, 
And  e'er  be  thankful  for  the  bounteous  feast."  ' 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1790  were:  Ebenezer  Little 
Boyd,  Joseph  Cowdin,  John  G.  Doubleday,  Asa  Fuller,  Jeremiah  Kahler,  James  Phiilips. 

Ebenezer  Little  Boyd  (1790),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  brother  of  Capt.  Joseph 
Coffin  Boyd  (1786).  His  place  of  business  was  No.  5  on  David  Spear's  wharf,  and  his 
residence  was  on  Friend  Street.  He  became  a  Baptist,  and  was  ordained  to  the  ministry 
of  that  sect,  and  removed  from  Boston.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The 
Massachusetts  Lodge  in  1792-3,  and  became  a  member  of  that  Lodge,  June  3,  1793. 

Joseph  Cowdin  (1790)  had  a  wife,  Mary,  in  1793-4.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Gen. 
Amasa  Davis  (1786).  He  was  first  lieutenant  in  the  militia  in  1 791-2,  and  captain  in 
1793-4.  At  the  time  of  his  decease,  in  1794,  he  held  the  positions  of  first  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  and  of  captain  in  the  Boston  regiment. 

Died  "in  this  town  [Boston],  Capt.  Joseph  Cowdin  [1790],  aged  twenty-nine  years. 
His  remains  were  entombed  on  Monday,  July  28,  1794,  with  military  honors.  The  com- 
pany of  the  First  Regiment  which  he  commanded  at  the  time  of  his  decease  paraded 
under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Lathrop,  and  performed  the  military  honors  of  the  day. 
The  commissioned  and  non-commissioned  officers  preceded  the  corpse,  and  the  pall 
was  supported  by  six  captains,  the  whole  in  complete  uniform.  After  the  mourning 
relatives,  the  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery,  and  of  the  new  Relief 
Fire  Society,  paid  that  respect  to  the  deceased  which  was  due  to  his  many  virtues 
and  usefulness."2 

John  G.  Doubleday  (1790),  grocer,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Double- 
day,  was  born  in  Boston,  June  12,  1 764.  His  store  was  No.  30  Marlborough  Street,  and 
he  resided  on  Orange  Street.  He  was  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1792,  second 
sergeant  in  1793,  and  ensign  in  1796. 

John    G.    Doubleday   (1790).     Authority:  >  Columbian  Centinel,  June  16,  1790. 

Boston  Records.  2  Columbian  Centinel,  July  30,  1794. 


,79o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  253 

Asa  Fuller  (1790),  tallow-chandler,  of  Boston,  lived  on  Chambers  Street.  The  firm 
of  Asa  Fuller  &  Co.  had  their  chandlery  works  on  Washington  Street,  and  their  store  was 
No.  6  Green's  Wharf.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1794,  and 
first  lieutenant  in  the  Boston  regiment  from  1791  to  1793.  He  removed  soon  after  to 
Portland,  Me.,  where  he  married,  Jan.  20,  1807,  Nancy  Locke. 

Jeremiah  Kahler  (1790),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  native  of  Germany,  and  was 
born  in  the  year  1743.  He  came  to  America  when  he  was  a  young  man,  established 
himself  in  Boston,  and  became  a  prominent  merchant.  "  He  was  always  charitable, 
while  he  had  the  means,  and  ever  ready  to  do  acts  of  friendship.  Editors  were  often 
indebted  to  him  for  translations  from  the  gazettes  of  his  native  country.  Reverses  of 
fortune  did  not  impair  his  habits  of  industry  nor  his  power  of  being  useful,  though  they 
limited  his  sphere  of  employment.  He  enjoyed  the  esteem  of,a  numerous  acquaintance, 
and  his  memory  is  respected." 

He  was  ensign  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1795,  and  died  in  Boston,  Feb.  2,  1829, 
aged  eighty-six  years.  He  remained  an  honorary  associate  of  the  Artillery  Company 
until  his  decease. 

James  Phillips  (1790),  rope-maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Isaac  and  Preseler  (Pris- 
cilla)  Phillips,  was  born  in  Boston,  May  14,  1767.  In  his  youth  he  was  employed  in  a 
rope-walk  owned  by  a  maternal  uncle,  and  afterwards  was  superintendent  of  rope-walks 
owned  by  Isaac  P.  Davis.  He  held  this  relation  from  1795  to  1818,  when  the  rope- 
walk  was  destroyed  by  fire.  He  then  (in  1820)  became  overseer,  or  master,  of  the 
almshouse,  by  the  appointment  of  the  selectmen,  and  when  it  was  transformed  into  a 
house  of  industry,  and  removed  from  Barton's  Point  to  South  Boston,  he  also  had  charge 
of  it.  Mr.  Phillips  (1790)  received  the  appointment  of  secretary  to  the  overseers  of 
the  poor  in  1825,  a  situation  he  retained  until  his  decease. 

He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1793,  clerk  in  1797,  ensign 
in  1798,  and  captain  in  1802.  For  fifty  years  he  enlivened  the  social  meetings  of  the 
Company.  His  peculiar  eccentric  songs  of  "Contentment,"  "Barrel  of  Beer,"  "The 
Parson  Who  'd  a  Remarkable  Foible,"  "  Gaffer  Gray,"  etc.,  were  always  enthusiastically 
received.  He  possessed  an  amiable  disposition,  frank  manners,  great  benevolence  and 
purity.  He  was  a  fireward  in  Boston  for  several  years,  and  a  surveyor  of  hemp,  under 
the  town  government,  from  1808  to  1820.  He  obtained  his  title  of  "Major"  by  being 
brigade  quartermaster  under  Gen.  Winslow  (1786).  He  was  in  the  military  escort  which 
conducted  Gen.  Washington  into  Boston  in  October,  1789,  and  was  probably  the  last 
survivor  of  those  engaged  in  that  loyal  parade.  He  was  secretary  of  the  Charitable 
Mechanic  Association  in  1800  and  1801,  and  a  trustee  from  1802  to  1804. 

He  died  March  30,  1853,  nearly  eighty-seven  years  of  age.  His  tomb,  No.  94, 
on  the  Common,  was  built  and  owned  jointly  by  him  and  his  friend,  Col.  Daniel 
Messinger  (1792).  His  brother,  Capt.  Turner  Phillips,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1786. 

Asa  Fuller  (1790).  Authorities:  Boston  James  Phillips  (1790).  Authorities:  Bos- 
Directory  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  ton  Records;  Annals  of  the  Mass.  Char.  Mecb. 
Ed   1842.'  Association;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com- 

'  Jeremiah  Kahler  (1790).  Authority  :  Whit-  pany,  Ed.  iB- 
man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


12. 


254  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [I?9o 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1790  is  as  follows :  — 

"April  5th  1790.  The  Company  met  agreeable  to  Charter,  —  were  led  into  ye 
Common  by  Brig.  Gen.  Hull  [1788],  performed  firings,  &c.  Voted,  The  Commissioned 
Officers  &  Treasurer  be  a  Committee  to  request  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Homer  of  Newtown  to 
preach  the  Sermon  on  their  next  Election  —  then  returned  to  the  Hall  &  partook  of 
refreshment  as  usual.  Voted,  That  Col.  John  May  [1786],  by  his  request,  be  dismissed 
the  Company  and  his  name  be  put  on  the  Honorary  List. 

"April  13th  The  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  account  of  the  death  of  Col. 
Joseph  Jackson  [1738],  Treasurer  of  the  Company,  Voted,  the  Company  will  attend 
ye  Funeral  of  their  late  Treasurer  under  Arms.  Voted,  to  have  ye  Band  of  Musick  & 
they  with  the  drums  &  fifes  of  said  Company  be  put  into  mourning ;  the  expence  of 
which  was  defrayed  by  the  Heirs  of  the  late  Treasurer  by  their  particular  request :  after 
which  the  Company  received  the  Thanks  of  the  family  for  the  Honour  done  them  &  the 
deceased.     Through  the  Clerk  their  Compliments  were  conveyed  to  ye  Company. 

"  May  3d.  Monday.  The  Company  met  agreeable  to  Charter  :  most  of  ye  members 
being  sick  with  the  Influenza,  the  Company  did  not  proceed  to  the  Common,  but  per- 
formed their  exercise  at  the  Hall.  The  Commissioned  Officers  acquainted  the  Company 
that  ye  Rev.  Mr.  Homer  had  accepted  their  invitation  to  preach  their  next  Election 
Sermon.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  pay  thirty  pounds  out  of  the  principal  &  interest 
due  the  Company  from  ye  town  of  Charlestown  towards  defraying  the  dinner  on  Election 
in  June  next. 

"  May  24th.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  &  Clerk 
be  a  Committee  to  make  arrangements  and  provide  for  the  public  Dinner  in  June  next. 

"  May  26th.  The  list  of  Gentlemen  presented  by  the  Committee  to  be  invited  to 
dine  at  the  Hall  with  the  Company  the  first  Monday  in  June  next  was  accepted  by  the 
Company  in  whole.  Voted,  That  the  same  Committee  that  arranged  the  list  of  persons 
to  be  invited  to  dine,  be  ye  Committee  to  compleat  &  provide  all  ye  necessaries  for 
Election.  Voted,  That  Capt.  John  Stutson  [1765]  be  dismissed  the  Company  agreeable 
to  his  request,  and  that  his  name  be  put  on  the  Honourary  List. 

"Attest,     Samuel  Greenough,  Clerk. 

"  Monday,  June  7th  1790.  The  Company  paraded  at  the  Old  South  Meeting  House, 
commanded  by  Brig.  Gen.  William  Hull  [1788];  escorted  His  Honor  the  Lieut. 
Governour  and  Council  (His  Excellency  the  Commander  in  chief  being  Indisposed)  to 
the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  where  an  Excellent  &  well  adapted  discourse  was  delivered 
by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Homer  of  Newtown.  The  Company  then  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall  & 
partook  (with  their  guests)  of  an  elegant  entertainment.  The  weather  being  excessive 
Stormy,  the  Company  proceeded  to  the  Choice  of  their  Officers  for  the  year  ensuing  in 
the  Hall,  when  the  following  gentlemen  were  unanimously  chosen.  Mr.  Robert  Jenkins 
[1756],  Captain  ;  Capt  John  Johnston  [1786],  Lieutenant ;  Capt  Israel  Loring  [1768], 
Ensign;  Col.  John  Winslow  [1786],  Treasurer;  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Clerk;  Mr. 
Samuel  Todd  [1786],  Mr.  Benjamin  Russell  [1788],  Capt  Lemuel  Gardner  [1787], 
Mr.  John  Bray  [1788],  Sergeants.  After  which  the  Commissioned  Officers  repaired  t'o 
the  house  of  the  Commander-in-chief,  with  the  Officers  elect,  where  the  former  resigned 
the  badges  &  the  latter  received  them  from  His  Excellency.  Voted  That  the  Commis- 
sioned Officers  with  the  Treasurer  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Homer, 
return  him  the  Thanks  of  the  Company  for  his  Services  this  day  delivered,  and  request 
a  copy  for  the  press.     The  meeting  was  then  adjourned  to  the  14th  inst. 


i79o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  255 

"Monday  Evening,  June  14th  1790.  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  procure  &  present  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Homer  with  fifty  printed  copies  of  his  Sermon  and  assess  the  Company  for 
their  amount  in  September  next.  Voted,  That  Gen.  Lincoln  [1786],  Col.  Waters 
[1769],  Gen.  Hull  [1788],  Col.  Winslow  [1786]  and  Capt  Jenkins  [1756]  be  a  Com- 
mittee to  collect  &  report  a  state  of  facts  respecting  the  exchanging  the  badges  between 
the  old  &  new  officers  the  past  and  present  year. 

"Monday,  Sept  6th  1790.  The  Company  made  their  publick  appearance  com- 
manded by  Capt.  Jenkins  [1756]. 

"Monday,  Oct  4th  1790.  The  Company  being  under  Arms  commanded  by  Capt. 
Jenkins  [1756],  Voted,  That  the  Clerk  purchase  four  Swords  for  the  use  of  the  Sergeants 
&  assess  each  member  of  the  Company  three  shillings,  &  every  new  member  the  same 
sum  on  his  Admission. 

"  And  your  committee  further  report,  that  on  Wednesday  the  2d  day  of  June  A.  D. 
1790,  the  Officers  of  the  said  Company  waited  on  His  Excellency,  Governor  Hancock, 
Lieut  Gov.  Adams  and  the  Hon.  Council  with  the  respectful  compliments  of  the  Com- 
pany, and  requested  the  honor  of  escorting  them  on  the  day  of  Election  to  the  Meeting 
House  to  attend  Divine  service  :  and  likewise  requested  the  honor  of  their  company  to 
dine  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  that  day.  His  Excellency  replied,  that  if  his  health  would 
admit,  he  would  do  himself  the  pleasure  to  dine  with  the  Company  and  should  be  ready 
at  the  Council  Chamber  to  be  escorted  as  proposed.  His  Honor,  the  Lieut.  Governor 
and  the  Hon.  Council  accepted  the  invitation  without  any  qualification.  That  on  the 
morning  of  the  7th  of  June  A.  D.  1790,  the  day  of  Election,  the  Commanding  Officer 
of  the  Company  received  a  message  from  His  Excellency,  the  Governor,  that  his  state  of 
health  was  such,  that  he  should  not  be  able  to  attend  Divine  Service,  or  dine  with  the 
Company,  but,  if  possible,  he  would  attend  on  the  Common,  there  to  receive  the  badges 
from  the  old  officers  and  invest  those  who  were  to  be  elected  with  them.  But  if  his  health 
was  such  as  to  be  unable  to  attend  on  the  Common,  he  had  directed  his  Honor,  the 
Lieut.  Governor  to  receive  and  deliver  the  badges.  The  Commanding  Officer  observed 
to  the  Adjutant  General  that  as  the  Lieut.  Governor  held  no  military  rank,  he  conceived 
it  was  improper  to  pay  him  military  honors  :  that  as  the  chair  of  Governor  was  not  vacant 
by  reason  of  his  death  or  absence  from  the  Commonwealth,  or  otherwise,  the  Lieut 
Governor  had  no  right  to  perform  the  duties  of  Governor  or  exercise  the  powers  and 
authorities  which, by  the  Constitution  the  Governor  is  vested  with,  when  personally 
present.  The  Adjutant  General  made  no  other  reply,  than  that  he  was  not  directed  to 
return  any  message  to  His  Excellency,  the  Governor.  The  Company  proceeded  at  the 
usual  hour  and  escorted  His  Honor,  the  Lieut.  Governor,  and  the  Hon.  Council  to  the 
place  of  Divine  service  and  afterwards  to  Faneuil  Hall. 

"  While  at  dinner  His  Honor,  the  Lieut.  Governor,  observed  to  the  Commanding 
Officer,  that  if  the  Governor's  health  would  not  permit  him  to  attend  on  the  Common, 
His  Excellency  had  ordered  him  to  perform  the  duties  incumbent  on  him,  and  particu- 
larly to  receive  the  badges  from  the  old  officers  and  invest  those  who  were  to  be  elected 
with  them.  The  Commanding  officer  made  the  same  reply  to  His  Honor,  as  to  the 
Adjutant  General,  with  this  addition,  that  he  hoped  His  Honor  would  not  consider  it  as 
a  personal,  but  merely  an  official  objection.  That  was  Mr  Adams  —  Governor,  or  had  a 
right  to  exercise  the  powers  of  Governor,  the  Company  would  pay  him  the  honors  with 
the  same  pleasure  as  they  would  Mr.  Hancock,  but  that  under  the  existing  circumstances, 
it  was  improper,  unprecedented,  and  contrary  to  military  propriety.     His  Honor  replied, 


256  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,790 

that  it  seemed  to  be  a  Constitutional  question,  and  asked  what  tribunal  should  decide  it? 
That  his  orders  from  the  Governor  were  positive  and  he  could  see  no  other  alternative 
than  performing  the  duties.  The  Commanding  officer  replied,  that  he  could  not  consent 
to  a  measure  unauthorized  by  custom,  by  the  Constitution,  or  by  military  propriety. 
Much  more  was  said  on  the  subject,  but  these  were  the  general  principles  advanced  on 
the  occasion. 

"  After  dinner,  His  Honor  and  the  Hon.  Council  withdrew,  and  the  Commanding 
officer  ordered  Major  Cunningham  [1786],  the  Lieutenant  of  the  Company,  to  wait 
on  His  Excellency  the  Governor,  and  to  inform  him  that  the  Company  was  then  at  the 
Hall,  and  although  the  rain  was  severe,  yet,  if  His  Excellency's  health  was  such  that  he 
could  meet  them,  he  would  march  them  to  the  Common  according  to  ancient  custom, 
there  to  elect  their  officers  and  perform  the  ceremonies  usual  on  the  day  of  their  election. 
If  that  mode  was  not  convenient,  that  the  Company  would  proceed  to  the  choice  of  their 
officers,  at  the  Hall,  and  the  old  and  new  officers  would  wait  on  His  Excellency  at  such 
place  as  he  should  appoint  to  exchange  the  badges  ;  or,  that  the  Company  would  proceed 
to  the  choice  of  their  officers,  and  send  their  names  to  His  Excellency  for  his  approba- 
tion, and  when  approved  would  exchange  the  badges  between  themselves  in  presence  of 
the  Company ;  or,  if  His  Excellency  would  appoint  the  eldest  Major  General  present  to 
perform  the  duties,  that  mode  would  not  be  unprecedented.  His  Excellency  returned 
for  answer  that  his  health  was  such,  and  the  storm  being  severe,  that  he  could  not  meet 
the  Company  on  the  Common.  That  if  the  Company  would  proceed  to  the  election 
of  the  officers,  he  would  be  happy  to  receive  the  old  and  new  officers  at  his  house,  and 
there  receive  the  badges  and  deliver  them  to  the  new  elected  officers.  The  Company 
proceeded  accordingly  to  the  election  of  their  officers  at  the  Hall,  and  the  old  and  new- 
elected  officers  waited  on  His  Excellency  the  Governor,  at  his  house,  where  the  cere- 
monies were  performed,  the  badges  delivered,  and  the  new  officers  invested  with  them." 

On  the  first  Monday  in  June,  1790,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company 
paraded  at  ten  o'clock,  in  the  Old  South  Meeting-house ;  at  twelve  o'clock,  it  marched  to 
the  council  chamber,  from  whence  it  escorted  his  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor  (his 
Excellency  the  governor  being  indisposed),  the  honorable  council,  and  several  military 
officers,  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-house,  where  a  sermon  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Homer,  of  Newton.  After  the  religious  ceremonies  of  the  day  were  over,  a  procession 
was  formed,  viz.  :  — 

Lieut  -Gov.  Adams,  Hon.  Mr.  Bowdoin,  honorable  council  and  senators,  speaker 
and  members  of  the  House,  president  of  the  university,  clergy,  —  among  whom  were 
Abbe"  Rousselet  and  Mr.  Thayer ;  consuls  of  France,  Holland,  and  Sweden ;  selectmen 
of  Boston,  gentlemen,  and  strangers  of  distinction ;  adjutant-general,  officers  of  Cadets, 
Castle  William,  Artillery,  and  Fusileers,  in  uniform  ;  honorary  members,  etc.,  who  were 
escorted  by  the  Company  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  a  sumptuous  dinner  was  provided. 
After  which  the  following  toasts  were  drank  :  — 

1.  "The  President  of  the  United  States"  (three  cheers).  2.  "The  Vice-President 
and  Congress  of  America."  3.  "The  Governor  and  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts" 
4.  "The  Powers  of  Europe,  in  Alliance  with  the  United  States."  5.  "Agriculture, 
Manufactures,  Fisheries,  and  Commerce."  (His  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor  then 
gave  the  following  toast :  "  Prosperity  to  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany.")    6.  "The  King  of  France"  (clapping  of  hands).     7.  " The  Marquis  de  La.fay- 


1790]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  257 

ette."  8.  "The  National  Assembly  of  France:  may  they  rightly  distinguish  between 
the  evils  of  licentiousness  and  the  blessings  of  good  government."  9.  "Chief-Justice 
Jay."  10.  "Gen.  Knox."  n.  "Mr.  Hamilton."  12.  "  Mr.  Jefferson."  13.  "May  the 
inhabitants  of  America  exercise  the  same  wisdom  in  preserving  as  they  have  in  erecting 
the  Federal  Dome." 

The  Hall  was  beautifully  decorated.  The  entrance  formed  an  arch,  supporting  the 
orchestra  where  the  band  performed  during  the  dinner.  At  the  head  of  the  Hall  was  a 
grand  arch,  from  the  key-stones  of  which  hung  a  golden  fleur-de-lis.  In  the  rear  of  this, 
in  the  front  window,  was  placed  an  obelisk,  finely  executed  by  Mr.  Johnston  (1786).  The 
base  was  formed  by  a  bust  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  encircled  with  a  glory, 
and  the  inscription,  "  The  lustre  of  his  actions  shines  with  triumphant  brightness,  and 
spreads  a  glory  around  him."  Over  this,  at  the  top  of  the  obelisk,  was  the  All-Seeing 
Eye,  with  an  inscription,  "Fideks  Protego"  (I  protect  the  faithful)  over  it.  In  the 
centre,  a  winged  cherub  was  represented  as  crowning  the  President  with  a  chaplet  of 
laurel.     Thousands  of  people  visited  the  Hall  to  see  the  elaborate  decorations. 

After  dinner,  the  Company  proceeded  to  the  choice  of  their  officers,  and  unani- 
mously elected  Robert  Jenkins  (1756),  captain;  John  Johnston  (1786),  lieutenant,  and 
Israel  Loring  (1768),  ensign,  for  the  ensuing  year.  The  heavy  rain  preventing  the 
Company  from  parading  as  usual  on  the  Common,  the  old  officers  and  the  officers-elect 
went  in  carriages  to  the  house  of  his  Excellency  the  governor,  where  the  former  resigned 
the  insignias  of  their  offices,  and  the  latter  were  invested  therewith. 

At  sundown,  his  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor  and  council,  on  invitation  of  Capt. 
Jenkins  (1756),  went  down  to  the  Hall  and  partook,  with  many  other  guests,  of  the 
second  entertainment  usually  given  on  that  anniversary,  which  concluded  with  thirteen 
sentimental,  political,  and  philanthropic  toasts,  with  which  the  anniversary  exercises  were 
closed. 

Rev.  Jonathan  Homer,  D.  D.,  of  Newton,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon 
of  1790.  He  was  a  son  of  Michael  Homer,  Jr.  (1789),  a  grandson  of  Michael  Homer 
(1768),  and  was  born  in  Boston,  April  15,  1759.  He  married  Anna,  a  daughter  of 
Obadiah  Curtis,  of  Boston,  by  whom  he  had  an  only  child,  Jonathan,  who  died  Sept.  4, 
1804,  aged  twenty-one  years.  Mr.  Homer  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1777,  at  the 
age  of  eighteen  years.  He  received  the  honorary  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Brown  Univer- 
sity in  1826.  He  was  ordained  pastor  of  the  church  in  Newton,  Feb.  13,  1782,  and  in 
that  relation  he  spent  his  life.  His  ministry  covered  a  period  of  sixty-one  years.  He 
was  sole  pastor  forty-five  years,  till  November,  1827,  and  then  had  a  colleague. 

Mr.  Homer  was  very  scrupulous  in  the  performance  of  his  official  duties.  At  the 
funeral  service  of  Gen.  Hull  (1788),  having  accidentally  omitted  to  mention  in  his  prayei 
one  of  the  relatives  of  the  family,  he  prayed  a  second  time,  lest  he  should  be  deemed 
guilty  of  a  failure,  or  give  occasion  for  grief  or  offence.  Dr.  Homer  died  Aug.  n,  1843, 
in  the  eighty-fifth  year  of  his  age,  and  the  sixty-second  of  his  ministry.  He  published 
a  history  of  Newton,  "The  Columbian  Bible,"  "Reports  of  the  Middlesex  County  Bible 
Society,"  and  six  sermons  delivered  on  various  occasions. 

Jonathan  Homer.    Authority:  Smith's  Hist,  of  Newton. 


258  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,79I 

The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1791  were:  Josiah 
[  VQ  I  .  Waters  (1769),  captain;  Zechariah  Hicks  (1786),  lieutenant;  Nathaniel 
•    '  Call    (1774),  ensign.      Joseph    Eaton    (1773)    was    first   sergeant;    Joseph 

Loring  (1788),  second  sergeant;  John  Coolidge  (1786),  third  sergeant;  Samuel  Hast- 
ings (1786),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

At  the  services  held  by  the  Legislature  in  May,  1791,  the  officers  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  had  the  post  of  honor,  among  the  military  guests,  in  the 
procession  which  was  escorted  by  the  Independent  Fusileers.  The  governor  and  Legis- 
lature were  conducted  from  the  State  House  to  the  Old  South  Meeting-House,  where  a 
sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Chandler  Robbins,  and  thence  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where 
a  sumptuous  entertainment  was  provided  by  the  State. 

In  October,  1791,  Lieut.  Samuel  Bradlee  (1765)  was  chosen  captain,  and  Lieut. 
Wild  (1773)  captain-lieutenant,  of  the  Boston  artillery,  vice  Capt.  Johnston  (1786)  and 
Capt.-Lieut.  Sturgis  (1786)  resigned. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1791  were:  Robert  Ball, 
Shubael  Bell,  John  Gardiner,  John  Peck,  Samuel  Perkins,  William  Walter. 

Robert  Ball  (1791)  was  probably  a  grandson  of  Robert  Ball,  of  Charlestown  in  1728, 
and  of  Concord  in  1746.  His  father,  Robert,  was  a  sea-captain,  and  married,  (2)  or  (3) 
Aug.  6,  1767,  Melicent  Harris. 

Robert  Ball  (1791)  was  born  Sept.  17,  1769.  He  was  first  lieutenant  of  the  Ward  4 
company  in  the  Boston  regiment  from  1794  to  1796,  and  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1794.  He  became  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and 
A.  M.,  Feb.  12,  1795. 

Shubael  Bell  (1791),  housewright,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1766.  He  was  twice 
married  :  (1)  July  26,  1789,  to  Joanna  Smith  Masters,  and,  (2)  Oct.  6,  1808,  to  Anne 
Hewes,  but  died  without  issue. 

For  some  years  he  worked  at  his  trade  in  Boston,  but  as  other  fields  of  toil  and 
usefulness  opened  to  him,  he  entered  them.  April  19,  1797,  the  Columbian  Centind 
announces  that  "Capt.  Shubael  Bell  [1791]  is  appointed  deputy  sheriff  of  the  county  of 
Suffolk,"  and  adds  :  "A  gentleman,  whose  suavity  of  manners,  humanity  of  disposition, 
and  integrity  of  heart,  will  render  him  a  valuable  acquisition  to  the  executive  depart- 
partment."  He  was  afterwards  appointed  sheriff,  and,  in  1810,  jailer  of  Suffolk  County. 
"  Here,"  says  Mr.  Knapp,  "  he  had  full  exercise  for  all  his  patience,  forbearance,  and 
good  feelings.  I  have  seen  him  when  he  visited  the  cells  of  crime  and  wretchedness, 
and  at  his  approach,  profaneness  was  dumb,  and  despair  grew  calm.  I  have  seen  him 
with  the  broken-hearted  debtor,  who  was  weeping  at  the  recollection  of  his  disheartened 
wife  and  helpless,  suffering  children,  and  as  he  came  nigh  the  prisoner  he  seemed  a  sort 
of  electrical  conductor,  to  convey  away  the  agonies  of  the  wounded  soul." 

He  was  a  very  zealous  Episcopalian,  and  was  senior  warden  of  Christ  Church  from 
1812  to  1819.  He  was  a  pillar  of  that  church  during  its  state  of  feebleness  after  the 
death  of  Dr.  Walter.  Mr.  Bell  (1791)  was  the  principal  agent  in  the  establishment  of 
St.  Matthew's  Chapel,  South  Boston.  His  subscriptions  for  the  assistance  of  the  Epis- 
copal church  were  liberal  in  the  extreme. 

Robert  Ball  ( 1 79 1 ) .  Authorities :  Wyman's  Shubael  Bell  (1791).     Authorities:  Whit- 

Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;  By-Laws  of  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Hist. 
The  Massachusetts  Lodge.  of  St.  Andrew's  R.  A.  Chapter. 


l79i]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  259 

He  was  very  prominent  in  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  and  held  various  offices  in 
Lodge,  Chapter,  and  Commandery.  A  eulogy  was  delivered  in  Christ  Church,  June  8, 
18 19,  by  Samuel  L.  Knapp,  before  St.  John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  "on  the  character 
of  their  brother  and  past  master,  Shubael  Bell,  Esq.  [1791]."  He  died  May  30,  18 19, 
"at  the  age  of  fifty-three,"  says  Mr.  Samuel  L.  Knapp,  "in  the  midst  of  business, 
unbroken  and  untired,  and  at  the  moment  of  his  death  had  the  strongest  hold  on  the 
confidence  of  men,  and  a  deep  interest  in  their  affections.  The  silver  cord  of  life  was 
loosed  before  it  was  chafed,  the  golden  bowl  was  broken  before  it  was  tarnished,  and 
the  pitcher  at  the  fountain  while  it  held  the  water  to  the  brim."  He  was  an  officer  of  a 
Boston  militia  company  from  1790  to  1798,  but  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery 
Company. 

"  His  mind  was  cultivated  by  study,  his  heart  enlarged  by  practical  benevolence,  his 
whole  life  a  scene  of  active  usefulness,  and  his  death  was  universally  lamented." ' 

John  Gardiner  (1791),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Dr.  Sylvester  and  Ann  Gardiner, 
was  born  in  Boston,  Dec.  4,  1737.  In  early  life  he  went  to  England  and  studied  law  at 
the  Inner  Temple.  He  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  courts  of  Westminster  Hall, 
receiving  the  patronage  of  Lord  Mansfield.  He  lost  this,  however,  by  appearing  as 
counsel  in  the  famous  case  of  John  Wilkes,  the  reformer.  He  also  practised  for  a  time 
in  South  Wales,  Haverford  West,  where  he  married,  in  1764,  Margaret  Harris.  In  1766, 
Mr.  Gardiner  (1 791)  was  appointed  chief-justice  of  the  province  of  New  York,  which  he 
declined.  Having  been  appointed  attorney-general  in  the  island  of  St.  Christopher, 
he  removed  his  family  to  the  West  Indies,  where  he  remained  until  the  close  of  the 
American  Revolution. 

He  returned  to  Boston  in  1783,  became  eminent  as  a  lawyer,  and,  July  4,  1785, 
delivered  the  oration  for  the  town  authorities.  In  1786,  he  settled  in  Pownalboro,  Me., 
where  he  was  elected  to  the  Massachusetts  Legislature.  He  was  prominent  and  active 
in  its  proceedings.  While  a  resident  of  Boston,  he  attended  King's  Chapel.  In  1785 
he  took  an  active  part  in  the  alteration  of  the  liturgy  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  with 
Perez  Morton  and  others,  of  King's  Chapel,  striking  out  the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity.  He 
held  the  position  of  captain  in  the  militia.  In  October,  1793,  when  on  his  passage  to  the 
General  Court  at  Boston,  in  the  packet  "  Londoner,"  which  was  wrecked  off  Cape  Ann 
in  a  storm,  he  was  drowned.  His  chest  of  clothing  floated  ashore.  His  son,  Rev. 
John  Sylvester  John  Gardiner,  D.  D.,  delivered  the  sermon  before  the  Artillery  Company 
in  June,  1823. 

John  Peck  (1791),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  Handside  Peck,  was  born 
in  Boston,  Aug.  24,  1743.  He  was  adjutant  of  the  First  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1791  to  1794. 

"He  devised  the  plan  of  filling  up  the  Mill-Pond  [where  the  Boston  &  Maine  Rail- 
road Station,  Haymarket  Square,  now  stands],  and  owned  largely  therein;  but  not 
realizing  his  sanguine  expectations  in  a  ready  sale,  he  became  involved,  and  removed  to 
Kentucky." 

John  Gardiner  (1791)-  Authority:  Lor-  Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company, 
ing's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators.  Ed.  1842. 

John    Peck   ( 1791).      Authorities:   Boston  '  Columbian  Centinel,  June  2,  1819. 


260  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I79i 

Samuel  Perkins  (1791),  painter,  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Lieut. -Col.  William  (1765) 
and  Abigail  (Cox)  Perkins,  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  2,  1770.  He  married,  Feb.  8, 
1795,  Barbary  C.  Higginson,  of  Boston. 

When  about  thirteen  years  old,  Mr.  Perkins  (1791)  went  as  an  apprentice  to  Capt. 
John  Johnston  (1786),  a  portrait-painter,  who  kept  in  Court  Street,  near  the  head  of 
Gore's  Alley.  At  the  age  of  nineteen  he  began  the  general  painting  business,  chiefly  on 
houses  and  ships,  and  continued  it  until  about  1815,  when  he  undertook  the  painting  of 
carpets.  This  business  he  continued  until  it  so  increased  that  he  built  a  large  factory  in 
Roxbury.  His  carpets  were  in  great  demand  till  rival  factories  created  a  strong  com- 
petition, which,  together  with  his  age,  induced  him  to  retire  from  active  business.  He 
was  representative  from  Boston  to  the  State  Legislature,  was  third  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1796,  and  first  lieutenant  of  a  cavalry  company  in  Boston  in  1799. 

"  He  was  universally  esteemed."     He  died  in  Roxbury,  Aug.  2,  1846. 

William  Walter  (1791),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  William  Walter,  D.  D., 
rector  of  Trinity,  and  afterward  of  Christ  Church,  Boston,  was  born  Feb.  14,  177 1. 
His  mother  was  Lydia,  daughter  of  Hon  Benjamin  Lynde,  Jr ,  chief-justice,  of  Salem. 
William  Walter  (1791)  was  in  business  on  Codman's  Wharf  with  his  brother,  Thomas, 
and  he  lived  on  Salem  Street.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1797,  and  clerk  in  1798-9. 

He  married,  April  23,  1794,  Sarah,  daughter  of  Martin  Bicker  (1771),  of  Madeira, 
by  whom  he  had  six  children.  She  died  June  n,  i8n,andwas  buried  under  Christ 
Church.  He  was  a  representative  in  the  General  Court.  He  died  April  23,  1814,  and 
was  buried  in  a  tomb  under  Christ  Church. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1791  is  as  follows  :  — 
"Monday,  April  4  1791.  The  Company  paraded  at  three  o'clock  commanded  by 
Capt  Jenkins  [1756].  The  Rev.  Doct.  Samuel  Parker  was  chosen  to  preach  the  Election 
Sermon  in  June  next.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers  with  the  Treasurer  be  a 
Committee  to  wait  on  and  inform  him  of  their  choice.  Voted,  That  Capt.  Joseph  Coffin 
Boyd  [1786]  be  furnished  with  a  certificate  of  his  being  a  member  of  this  Company 
signed  by  the  Captain  and  attested  by  the  Clerk.  Attest    T.  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  May  2d,  1791.  The  Company  being  under  Arms  commanded  by  Capt 
Jenkins  [1756]  the  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Doct.  Parker  reported  that 
he  accepted  the  invitation  of  the  Company,  and  would  preach  the  Election  Sermon  in 
June  next.  Voted,  That  the  further  business  of  the  meeting  be  referred  to  next  Mon- 
day Evening. 

"Monday  evening,  May  9th  1791.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers,  Col. 
Winslow  [1786],  Maj.  Cunningham  [1786],  Col  Waters  [1769],  Capt  William  Bordman 
[1758])  w'tn  the  Clerk,  be  a  committee  to  make  arrangements  for  the  Election  in  June 
next,  and  report  on  Thursday  evening  next. 

"Thursday  Evening,  May  12th  1791.  The  Committee  reported  that  there  be 
.assessed  nine  shillings  on  each  member  of  the  Company  —  that  twenty- two  pounds,  four 
shillings  interest  now  due,  &  a  Sum  not  exceeding  thirty  pounds  of  the  Principal  due 

Samuel  Perkins  (1791).  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com- 
pany, Ed.  1842. 


1 791]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  26 1 

from  the  town  of  Charlestown  be  appropriated  to  defray  the  Expences  of  Election  day ; 
and  to  enable  our  attorney  to  prosecute  the  suit  commenced  against  the  Estate  of  the 
late  Col.  Blanchard[i737].     Voted,  That  the  above  report  be  accepted. 

"  Attest.     T.  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  June  6th  1791.  This  being  the  Anniversary  of  the  Election  of  Officers, 
the  Company  attended  Divine  Service  at  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  dined  at  Faneuil 
Hall,  marched  into  the  Common,  and  went  through  the  usual  Exercises  under  Capt 
Jenkins  [1756],  after  which  they  made  choice  of  the  following  gentlemen  to  serve  as 
Officers  the  ensuing  year  :  —  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Captain  ;  Mr.  Zechariah  Hicks 
[1786],  Lieutenant;  Capt  Nathaniel  Call  [1774],  Ensign;  Col.  John  Winslow  [1786] 
Treasurer;  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Clerk;  Capt  Joseph  Eaton  [1773],  Capt  Joseph 
Loring  [1788],  Mr.  John  Coolidge  [1786],  Mr.  Samuel  Hastings  [1786],  sergeants. 

"  Voted,  That  the  late  Commissioned  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to 
wait  on  the  Rev.  Doctor  Parker,  giving  him  the  Thanks  of  the  Company  for  his  Sermon 
this  day  delivered  and  request  a  copy  thereof  for  the  press.  Doctor  Parker  declined 
publishing  his  sermon.  Attest    T.  Clark  Clerk. 

"Friday  Evening,  Sept  9th  1791.  Monday  last  being  disagreeable  weather,  the 
Company  paraded  this  day  at  Faneuil  Hall,  —  marched  into  the  Common  commanded 
by  Col.  Waters  [1769]. 

"Friday,  October  7th  1791.  The  Company  paraded  on  the  floor  of  the  State 
House,  marched  into  the  Common,  commanded  by  Lieut.  Hicks  [1786]." 

The  Artillery  election  on  June  6,  1791,  was  conducted  in  the  usual  manner.  The 
Company  paraded  at  10  o'clock  a.  m.,  proceeded  to  the  council  chamber  at  12  m.,  and 
thence  escorted  his  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor  (his  Excellency  the  governor 
having  proceeded  in  his  carriage),  the  honorable  council  and  military  gentlemen,  to  the 
Old  Brick  Meeting-House.     The  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Dr.  Parker. 

After  service,  the  Company  escorted  its  guests  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  his  Excel- 
lency had  previously  repaired.  Besides  those  above  mentioned,  there  were  present : 
Hon.  Mr.  Ames,  State  officers,  president  of  Harvard  College,  foreign  consuls,  the  Right 
Rev.-  Bishop  Carroll,  etc.,  who,  with  the  Company,  sat  down  to  a  sumptuous  repast.  The 
blessing  was  craved  by  Rev.  Dr.  Parker,  an  Episcopalian,  and  thanks  returned  by  Right 
Rev.  Bishop  Carroll,  a  Roman  Catholic. 

Fourteen  toasts  were  offered,  which  were  of  the  usual  form.  After  the  invited  guests 
had  retired,  the  Company  marched  into  the  square  laid  out  on  the  Common,  where  a 
detachment  of  the  Castle' troops  did  duty,  and  officers  for  the  ensuing  year  were  elected, 
viz. :  Col.  Josiah  Waters  (1769),  captain;  Mr.  Zechariah  Hicks  (1786),  lieutenant;  Capt. 
Nathaniel  Call  (1774),  ensign;  Col.  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  Mr.  Thomas 
Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

The  Company  then,  on  invitation  of  his  Excellency  the  governor,  proceeded  to  his 
house,  and  in  company  with  a  great  number  of  officers  and  gentlemen,  partook  of  a 
delicate  and  liberal  repast.  Having  refreshed,  the  Company  escorted  his  Excellency 
and  Honor,  and  others,  into  the  square,  the  governor  taking  the  chair  of  State.  After  the 
formalities  of  election  and  investiture  of  the  officers,  his  Excellency  was  given  a  stand- 
ing salute,  and  all  returned  to  the  Hall.  A  collation  was  provided,  and  after  it  additional 
sentiments  were  offered ;  the  last  being :   "  May  we  never  oblique  from  the  centre  of 


262  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I?92 

prosperity;    but,    by  advancing  in    right   steps,  be   promoted   in  the  day  of   universal 
review." 

The  Hall  was  elaborately  and  beautifully  decorated  for  the  occasion.  Notwithstand- 
ing the  ill-health  of  the  governor,  he  paid  every  possible  attention  to  the  Company.  The 
day  was  exceedingly  fine,  and  everything  seemed  to  combine  to  make  it  universally 
agreeable. 

Rev.  Samuel  Parker,  D.  D.,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1791.  He 
was  a  son  of  Hon.  William  Parker,  and  was  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  in  August,  1744. 
He  received  his  education  at  Harvard  College,  where  he  graduated  in  1764.  Imme- 
diately after  graduation  he  taught  school  in  Roxbury,  and  subsequently  pursued  the  study 
of  theology.  After  the  death  of  William  Hooper,  rector  of  Trinity  Church,  in  Boston, 
Dr.  Walter,  the  assistant  minister  of  Trinity  parish,  became  the  rector.  Mr.  Parker, 
then  residing  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H  ,  was  elected  in  October,  1773,  to  fill  the  place  vacated 
by  the  promotion  of  Dr.  Walter.  Mr.  Parker  accepted  the  position,  and  proceeded  to 
England  for  ordination.  Feb.  24,  1774,  the  Lord  Bishop  of  London  admitted  him  to 
deacon's  orders,  and  three  days  after  ordained  him  a  priest.  Mr.  Parker  returned 
to  Boston,  and  Nov.  2,  1774,  subscribed  to  the  rules  governing  an  assistant  minister  at 
Trinity  Church.  He  remained  at  his  post  throughout  the  Revolution.  After  the  Decla- 
ration of  Independence  was  proclaimed,  July  18,  1776,  he  caused  that  part  of  the  liturgy 
that  had  reference  to  the  king  and  royal  family  to  be  omitted. 

In  1779  he  was  elected  rector  of  the  parish.  In  1789  the  degree  of  D.  D.  was 
conferred  upon  him  by  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1792  he  was  partially  relieved 
of  parochial  duties  by  the  election  of  Reverend  afterward  Dr.  J.  S.  J.  Gardiner,  to  the 
office  of  assistant  minister,  who  also  succeeded  to  the  rectorship.  Upon  the  death  of 
Bishop  Bass,  in  1803,  Dr.  Parker  was  unanimously  elected  bishop  of  the  eastern  diocese. 
He  accepted,  and  was  consecrated  in  New  York,  Sept.  16,  1804.  He  returned  to  his 
family  in  Boston,  but  was  immediately  prostrated  by  the  illness  of  which  he  died,  Dec. 
6,  1804,  aged  fifty-nine  years. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1792  were  :  John  Wins- 

I/Q2.  low  (:786)>  captain;    Thomas  Clark   (1786),  lieutenant;  Lemuel  Gardner 

•    '         (1787),  ensign.      Samuel  Greenough  (1786)  was  first   sergeant;  Jonathan 

Balch  (1786),  second  sergeant;   Joseph  Lovering,  Jr.  (1788),  third  sergeant;    Joseph 

Clark  (1789),  fourth  sergeant,  and  John  G.  Doubleday  (1790),  clerk. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1792  were:  Richard  Austin, 
William  Bass,  Humphrey  Clark,  William  Coolidge,  Oliver  Gridley,  Robert  Homes,  John 
Howe,  Jr.,  Jonathan  Loring,  Jr .,  John  S.  Lowell,  George  Makepeace,  Jr.,  Daniel  Messin- 
ger,  George  Singleton,  Jr.,  Thomas  Waldron  Sumner,  Joshua  Thomas. 

Richard  Austin  (1792),  pewterer,  No.  16  Marlborough  Street,  Boston,  son  of 
Thomas  and  Sarah  (Parker)  Austin,  of  Charlestown,  was  born  (baptized)  Dec.  23,  1764. 
He  married,  but  had  no  children. 

Rev.  Samuel  Parker.  Authority:  Sprague's  man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;  Annals 
Annals  of  American  Pulpit.  of   Mass.    Char.   Mech.    Association;     Whitman's 

Riohard  Austin  (1792).    Authorities:  Wy-      Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


i792]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  263 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Company,  says :  "The  trade  of  pewterer 
had  been  a  lucrative  branch  of  manufactures,  but  about  this  time  began  to  go  out  of 
fashion.  The  better  sort  of  people  used  pewter  platters,  spoons,  plates,  porringers,  etc., 
and  it  was  a  mark  of  poverty  not  to  see  a  dresser  abundantly  furnished  with  pewter  ware. 
New  England  housewives  considered  it  a  display  of  luxury.  Capt.  Austin  [1792]  was 
a  man  of  strict  honesty  and  honor  as  well  as  liberality.  When  his  trade  declined,  he 
entered  into  copartnership  with  George  Blanchard  [1794]  and  followed  the  business  of 
a  broker.  Disaster  followed,  and  Mr.  Austin  [1792],  deeply  in  debt,  suffered  much 
depression  during  the  latter  part  of  his  life.  .  .  .  Although  the  lack  of  offspring,  the  mis- 
fortunes of  business,  the  treachery  of  his  partner,  and  the  severity  of  bodily  pain,  cast  a 
secret  gloom  over  his  warm  heart,  yet  he  always  wore  the  same  cheerful  countenance, 
and  died  with  great  fortitude  and  resignation." 

He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1795,  and  its  ensign  in  1800. 
In  the  militia,  he  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain,  and  was  brigade  quartermaster  in  the 
Legionary  Brigade  from  1801  to  1806.  He  died,  after  an  ineffectual  surgical  operation, 
in  1 81 7,  and  was  privately  buried,  according  to  his  request. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  adds,  and  it  should  be  preserved  as  a  testimonial  of  his  own 
forgiving  spirit :  "  If  this  [the  above  quotation]  be  a  tribute  of  respect,  it  is  impartial, 
since  in  his  failure  the  compiler  [Mr.  Whitman  (1810)]  lost  all  his  property." 

William  Bass  (1792),  of  Boston,  son  of  Philip  and  Mary  Bass,  was  born  in  Boston, 
May  31,  1734.  In  the  Revolution,  he  was  a  private  in  Lieut. -Col.  Jabez  Hatch's  regi- 
ment, and  served,  with  a  detachment  commanded  by  Major  Andrew  Symmes  (1760), 
in  guarding  stores  at  and  about  Boston  under  Major-Gen.  Heath  (1765),  by  order  of 
council,  May  12,  1777.     Subsequently,  he  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  militia. 

Humphrey  Clark  (1792),  tailor,  of  Boston,  son  of  Elijah  and  Ann  (Rhodes)  Clark, 

was  born  in  Topsfield,  Mass.,  Nov.  10,  1761.     He  married  Mary ,  "an  aristocratic 

foreigner."  When  quite  young,  he  was  apprenticed  to  J.  Lefavour,  of  Salem,  to  learn 
the  tailor's  trade.  He  afterward  went  South,  and  spent  several  years,  but  returned  and 
settled  in  Boston.  For  many  years  he  carried  on  the  business  of  merchant  tailor,  near 
the  head  of  State  Street,  north  of  the  State  House.  "  He  acquired  a  handsome  property 
by  honest  industry,  but  lost  it  by  the  fluctuation  of  business,  and  with  it  his  energy. 
One  of  his  sons,  an  accomplished  merchant,  received  a  present  from  the  insurance  com- 
panies for  his  intrepidity  in  saving  a  ship  and  cargo  from  England,  at  sea."  Mr.  Clark 
(1792)  could  not  seem  to  rise  above  his  misfortunes,  and  for  a  few  years  was  messenger 
to  the  Board  of  Health.  In  1796  his  place  of  business  was  on  Court  Street,  and  he 
resided  at  No.  30  Marlborough  Street.  The  last  years  of  his  life  were  spent  in  retire- 
ment at  Danvers,  where  he  died  May  7,  1829,  aged  sixty-seven  years. 

William  Coolidge  (1792),  machinist,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Hannah  Coolidge, 
was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  5,  1730.     He  resided,  in  1796,  on  Common  Street. 

Oliver  Gridley  (1792),  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Lidia  Gridley,  of  Roxbury, 
was  born  in  that  town,  Dec.  5,  1767.     He  died  at  Providence,  R.  I.,  in  1831. 

William  Bass  (.1792).    Authorities:  Boston       Boston  Records;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. 
Records;   Mass.  Rev.  Rolls.  Company,  Ed.  1842;   Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech. 

Humphrey    Clark    (1792).      Authorities:      Association. 


264  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1792 


Robert  Homes  (1792),  brass-founder,  No.  33  Union  Street,  Boston,  son  of  William 
Homes,  Jr.  (1766),  grandson  of  William  (1747)  and  father  of  Josiah  W.  (1822),  was 
born  in  Boston.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1797.  He  received 
the  Masonic  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  June  and  July,  1796. 

John  Howe,  Jr.  (1792),  turner,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  John  (1773),  and  was  born 
in  1764.  His  residence  was  No.  43  Charter  Street.  He  learned  the  trade  of  a  turner 
with  his  father,  and  later  formed  a  partnership,  under  the  name,  "  John  Howe  &  Son." 
Their  place  of  business  was  on  Back,  now  Salem,  Street.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1797,  and  ensign  in  1802.  The  original  pillars  of  the  State  House, 
Boston,  were  turned  under  the  direction  of  this  firm.  John,  Jr.  (1792),  resided  on  the 
northerly  corner  of  Hanover  and  Centre  streets.  His  sister  Harriet  married  Peter 
Conant,  Jr.  (1807). 

Mr.  Howe  (1792)  was  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Boston  from  Ward  12  in 
1822.  For  some  years  he  held  the  office  of  surveyor  of  mahogany,  etc.  He  died 
March  28,  1828,  aged  sixty-four  years,  after  a  lingering  illness. 

Jonathan  Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Susanna 
(Pierce)  Loring,  was  born  in  1767,  probably  in  Marlboro,  Mass.  He  was  a  nephew  of 
Joseph  (1788),  and  a  cousin  of  Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793).  His  military  service  began 
in  his  youth,  and  was  rewarded  by  promotion  to  a  captaincy  in  the  Boston  regiment. 
He  also  served  as  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1796,  ensign  in  1801,  and 
lieutenant  in  1807.  His  place  of  business  was  on  Burditt's  Wharf,  and  his  residence  in 
Sheafe's  Lane.  He  was  selectman  of  Boston  in  1820  and  1821,  and  a  member  of  the 
common  council  of  that  city  in  1827.  He  represented  Boston  in  the  State  Legislature, 
and  joined  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  1796. 

He  died  at  Boston,  Aug.  29,  1834,  aged  sixty-seven  years.  His  first  wife,  Polly 
Loring,  died  Oct.  4,  1792,  in  her  twenty-fourth  year,  and  was  buried  in  King's  Chapel 
Burial-Ground. 

John  S.  Lowell  (1792),  merchant,  of  Boston.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the 
Artillery  Company.  He  became  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and 
A.  M.,  June  3,  1793.     He  died  at  Bombay  in  December,  1796,  aged  twenty-seven  years. 

George  Makepeace,  Jr.  (1792),  merchant,  of  Boston,  only  son  of  George  Make- 
peace, of  Boston,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1767.  He  was  a  young  man  of  great  promise,  and, 
being  intended  by  his  father  for  a  mercantile  life,  his  education  "was  pursued  to  that  end. 
He  went  on  several  voyages  as  supercargo  in  his  father's  vessels,  and  was  very  successful. 
About  the  time  he  joined  the  Artillery  Company  he  was  taken  into  partnership  by  his 
father,  who  was  largely  engaged  in  commercial  business,  trading  principally  with  the 
West  Indies. 

In  the  summer  of  1793,  having  made  a  voyage  in  one  of  their  vessels  to  the  West 
Indies,  and  was  returning,  he  went  into  Philadelphia,  where  the  yellow  fever  was  raging 
with  so  great  virulence  that  more  than  four  thousand  persons  were  carried  off  by  it  in  the 

John  Howo,  Jr.  (1792).   Authorities:  Bos-  Jonathan  Loring,  Jr.  (1792).    Authority: 

ton  Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com-       Boston  Records, 
pany,  Ed.  1842;    Columbian  Cenlinel,  March,  1828. 


,792]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  265 

months  of  August,  September,  and  October  of  that  year.  He  also  fell  a  victim  to  this 
fatal  disease,  and  died  at  Philadelphia,  Sept.  22,  1793,  aged  twenty-six  years  and  twenty- 
six  days.     He  was  never  married. 

Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  hatter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Daniel  and  Mary  Messinger,  of 
Wrentham,  Norfolk  County,  Mass.,  was  born  in  that  town  June  17,  1768.  His  brother. 
Henry  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1800.  Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  after  leaving 
school,  assisted  his  father  on  the  farm  until  his  fourteenth  year,  when  he  was  apprenticed 
with  his  uncle,  David  Brastow,  in  his  native  town,  to  learn  the  hatter's  trade.  His  uncle 
being  unsuccessful  in  business,  he  was  sent  to  Boston  when  about  fifteen  years  of  age, 
and  was  apprenticed  to  Nathaniel  Balch,  hatter,  No.  72  Cornhill,  now  Washington  Street, 
opposite  the  head  of  Water  Street.  Shortly  after  he  completed  his  apprenticeship  he 
began  business  for  himself,  and  opened  a  store  on  Newbury,  now  Washington,  Street, 
near  the  Lamb  Tavern,  now  the  site  of  the  Adams  House.  In  the  twenty-fifth  year  of 
his  age  he  married  Susanna  Hinckley,  daughter  of  Capt.  Thomas  Hinckley  by  his  wife 
Susanna,  daughter  of  Rev.  Daniel  Hewes,  of  Foxboro.  Susanna  (Hinckley)  Messinger 
died  in  1843.  In  l191>  by  the  advice  of  his  friend,  Mr.  John  Avery,  Jr.  (1786),  then 
secretary  of  the  Commonwealth,  he  purchased  the  estate  No.  15  Newbury  Street,  corner  of 
Sheafe's  Lane,  now  Avery  Street,  for  one  thousand  pounds.  Mr.  Secretary  Avery  (1786) 
lived  on  the  opposite  corner.  Here  Mr.  Messinger  (1792)  resided  and  kept  his  hat  store. 
The  latter  was  in  the  front  of  the  house,  and  his  parlor  was  in  the  rear  of  it,  entered  from 
Avery  Street,  until  his  business  became  so  large  that  he  built  a  brick  factory  in  the  rear 
of  his  dwelling-house.  He  resided  here  and  carried  on  business  until  the  decease  of 
his  wife. 

In  military  affairs  he  took  a  great  interest,  and  was  a  good  officer  and  disciplinarian. 
In  1779  he  raised  the  well-known  infantry  company,  the  Winslow  Blues,  named  for  his 
friend,  Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786),  and  was  its  first  commander.  He  held  this  office  for 
several  years.  Upon  the  organization  of  the  infantry  companies  of  Boston  into  a  sub- 
legion,  in  1806,  he  was  elected  first  major.  He  was  afterwards  lieutenant-colonel,  and, 
later,  colonel  of  the  Third  Regiment,  and  was  senior  colonel  of  the  Boston  brigade 
during  the  war  of  181 2.  He  was  chosen  a  brigadier-general,  but  declined  accepting  the 
office.  For  years  he  was  very  active  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  Ancient  and  Hon- 
orable Artillery  Company.  He  was  its  first  sergeant  in  1796,  lieutenant  in  1800,  and  its 
captain  in  1804  and  1810.  His  last  military  parade  was  on  the  two  hundredth  anniver- 
sary of  the  Company  (1838),  when  he  marched  in  the  ranks  as  an  artilleryman. 

He  was  an  original  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association 
in  1795,  was  for  several  years  a  trustee  and  vice-president,  and  for  two  years  was  its 
president.  He  filled  various  offices  in  the  municipal  and  State  governments,  was  a  fire- 
ward  for  many  years,  and  a  member  of  the  city  council ;  often  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Representatives,  in  1820  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Constitutional  Conven- 
tion, and  in  1835  a  senator  from  Suffolk  County.  In  politics,  he  belonged  to  the  old 
Federal  party,  and  often  presided  at  public  meetings.  Afterwards  he  became  attached 
to  the  National  Republican,  or  Whig,  party.  His  last  appearance  at  a  public  meeting 
was  in  Faneuil  Hall  in  1845,  when  Daniel  Webster,  of  whom  he  was  a  great  admirer, 

Daniel    Messinger   (1792).     Authorities:      pany,  Ed.  1842;    New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg., 
Boston   Records;    Annals  of  Mass.   Char.   Mech.       1862. 
Association;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com- 


266  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1792 


spoke.  Mr.  Webster,  on  seeing  him  on  the  platform,  came  forward  and  greeted  him  so 
cordially  as  his  "old  friend,  Col.  Messinger  [1792],"  as  to  attract  the  attention  and 
elicit  the  applause  of  the  citizens  in  that  part  of  the  Hall. 

Mr.  Messinger  (1792)  first  attended  the  First  Baptist  Church,  Rev.  Dr.  Stillman, 
pastor,  but  afterwards  became  a  member  of  the  First  Congregational  Church,  with  which 
he  was  connected  until  his  decease.  For  many  years  he  was  the  leader  of  the  choir  in 
the  Congregational  church.  "  He  had  a  fine  musical  ear  and  as  fine  a  voice,  and  could 
sound  the  highest  notes  on  the  treble  staff  with  remarkable  strength  and  clearness."  He 
was  often  invited  to  sing  on  public  festive  occasions,  and  Faneuil  Hall  has  many  a  time 
been  filled  with  the  melody  of  his  notes.  His  favorite  songs  were  :  "  My  friend  and 
Pitcher,"  "  Green  grow  the  Rushes,  Oh  !  "  "  Bright  Phoebus,"  "To-morrow,  to-morrow," 
and  "The  Downhill  of  Life."  When  over  seventy  years  of  age,  he  sang  without  any 
apparent  diminution  of  strength,  clearness,  or  sweetness.  An  amusing  incident  occurred 
at  a  dinner  given  Prince  Jerome  Bonaparte  in  1804.  After  dinner,  Col.  Messinger 
(1792)  sang  the  favorite  old  song,  "To-morrow."  As  the  audience  joined  in  the  chorus 
of  "To-morrow,  to-morrow,"  a  cloud  came  over  the  face  of  the  prince,  and  taking  his 
next  neighbor  by  the  arm,  he  exclaimed  :  "  To  Moreau,  to  Moreau  !  Is  it  a  song  in 
honor  of  Gen.  Moreau?"  He  was  quickly  undeceived,  and  smiled  when  he  found  no 
one  but  himself  was  thinking  of  the  great  rival  of  his  brother. 

Mr.  Messinger  (1792)  was,  by  nature,  of  a  very  strong  constitution.  His  death  was 
hastened  by  being  accidentally  knocked  down  by  an  express  wagon  while  he  was  crossing 
the  street.  From  the  effects  of  this  shock  he  never  recovered,  it  being  followed  by  a 
sickness  of  seven  months,  ending  in  a  severe  attack  of  erysipelas  and  dropsy.  He  died 
June  21,  1846,  being  seventy-eight  years  and  four  days  old.  His  funeral,  from  his  former 
residence  in  Purchase  Street,  was  private.  He  was  buried  in  the  family  lot  at  Mount 
Auburn. 

George  Singleton,  Jr.  (1792),  cooper,  of  Boston,  son  of  George  Singleton  and 
Mary,  his  wife,  was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  28,  1766.  His  place  of  business  was  on  How- 
ard's Wharf,  Ann  Street,  and  his  residence  in  Salutation  Alley.  He  was  deeply  interested 
in  the  artillery  service.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1795.  In 
1 799-1800,  he  was  second  lieutenant  of  the  Columbian  Artillery,  and  in  1801-2,  lieu- 
tenant in  the  Sublegionary  Brigade  of  Artillery.  When  John  Bray  (1788)  was  pro- 
moted to  be  major,  Mr.  Singleton  (1792) — a  good  officer,  and  thriving  mechanic  — 
was  superseded,  which  so  mortified  him  that  he  became  reckless,  and  soon  died,  leaving 
a  large  family. 

Thomas  Waldron  Sumner  (1792),  housewright,  of  Boston,  was  second  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1795,  and  ensign  in  1799,  and  >n  tne  militia  became  a 
captain.  His  residence  was  then  on  Cambridge  Street.  Mr.  Sumner  (1792)  became 
wealthy,  and  retired  to  Brookline,  where  he  cultivated  a  small  but  good  farm.  He  was 
employed  as  a  draftsman,  superintendent  of  construction,  and  referee  respecting  building 
contracts,  and  for  several  years  was  a  Boston  representative  in  the  General  Court. 
When  the  Artillery  Company  was  embarrassed  in  its  finances,  he  gave  the  largest  sum, 
fifty  dollars,  towards  its  relief. 

George  Singleton,  Jr.   (1792)-    Authori-  Thomas  Waldron  Sumner  (1792).  Author- 

ties:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.       ity:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed. 
1842;   Boston  Records.  1842. 


,792]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  267 

Joshua  Thomas  (1792),  physician,  of  Boston.  In  1796,  he  kept  an  apothecary 
store  at  No.  34  Marlborough,  now  Washington,  Street,  and  became  a  member  of  St. 
John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  1793. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1792  is  as  follows  :  — 
"Monday  evening,   March   26th   1792.     Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers, 
Capt  Jenkins  [1756],  Col.  Winslow  [1786],  Maj.  Cunningham  [1786]  and  Mr.  Thomas 
Clark  [1786],  be  a  Committee  to  report  such  regulations,  as  in  their  opinion  will  be  for 
the  honor  and  interest  of  the  Company. 

"  Monday,  April  2d  1792.  The  Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  &  marched  into 
the  Common,  commanded  by  Col.  Waters.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Eckley  was  chosen  to  preach 
the  Election  Sermon  in  June  next.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers  with  the 
Treasurer  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  &  inform  him  of  the  choice.  The  Committee 
appointed  the  27th  ult.  to  consider  what  regulations  it  may  be  necessary  to  adopt,  have 
attended  that  Service  and  beg  leave  to  report  the  following  Votes  :  —  1st  That  in  future 
all  fines  arising  from  neglect  of  duty,  together  with  the  Assessment  of  three  shillings 
heretofore  voted  to  be  paid  by  each  new  member  on  his  admission,  shall  be  appropriated 
to  purchase  Badges  for  the  use  of  the  Company;  and  after  the  Company  is  furnished 
therewith,  the  fines  &  Assessments  aforesaid  shall  be  appropriated  to  other  uses  of  the 
Company.  2d  That  the  fine  for  absence  on  Muster  days  be  six  shillings  to  be  paid 
by  every  member  without  distinction,  except  that  such  members  as  are  Militia  Officers 
be  exempted,  when  their  duty  to  the  publick  calls  their  attention  to  the  Militia.  3d 
That  when  a  meeting  of  the  Company  for  exercise,  or  otherwise,  is  notified,  the  Roll 
shall  be  called,  &  every  member  absent  at  roll-call  shall  pay  a  fine  of  nine  pence,  &  if 
absent  the  whole  meeting,  one  shilling  &  six  pence,  to  be  paid  if  present  without  Arms, 
when  ordered  for  Exercise.  4th  The  fines  may  be  remitted  by  the  Commanding  Officer, 
in  case  of  bodily  indisposition,  or  the  members  being  out  of  Town  on  business,  (not 
pleasure ;)  provided  such  member  make  his  excuse  in  person  or  by  writing,  within  six 
days  after  the  meeting,  if  in  Town ;  and  if  out  of  Town ;  the  same  term  of  time  after 
his  return.  5th  That  when  any  Gentlemen  are  admitted  members  of  the  Company,  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Sergeants  to  instruct  them  in  the  manual  Exercise,  until,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  Commanding  Officer,  they  are  qualified  to  appear  with  reputation  on 
Muster  days ;  that  they  be  excluded  [from]  turning  out  with  the  Company  until  they 
are  thus  qualified,  &  that  a  fine  of  three  shillings  be  laid  upon  each  Sergeant  for 
neglect  of  the  above  duty.  6th  Any  member  not  complying  with  these  Regulations,  &  so 
continuing  for  the  space  of  one  year  shall  no  longer  be  considered  a  member ;  &  his 
name  shall  be  returned  by  the  Clerk  to  the  Commanding  Officer  of  the  Militia  in  the 
district  or  ward  to  which  he  may  belong,  that  no  one  may  escape  military  duty.  7th 
Every  member  shall  be  served  by  the  Clerk  with  a  copy  of  these  Regulations. 

"The  Committee  conceive  the  foregoing  Regulations,  strictly  adhered  to,  will  be  for 
the  honour  &  interest  of  the  Company,  &  that  no  Gentleman  would  wish  to  make  a 
frivilous  excuse  answer  for  neglect  of  duty,  when  a  fine  appropriated  as  above,  will  tend 
to  relieve  the  Company  from  the  disagreeable  necessity  of  borrowing  badges  on  every 
public  appearance. 

"All  which  is  respectfully  submitted,  April  2d  1792. 

"J.  Waters  [1769].  per  Order. 
"  Voted  unanimously,  forty-one  members  present,  that  the  above  report  be  accepted. 

"Attest     T.  Clark,  Clerk. 


268  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,792 

"  Monday,  May  7th  1792.  The  Company  paraded  agreeable  to  Charter,  marched 
into  the  Common  —  went  through  a  variety  of  Evolutions  &  firings  commanded  by  Col. 
Waters  [1769].  The  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev  Mr.  Eckley  reported, 
that  he  accepted  the  invitation  to  preach  the  Election  sermon  in  June  next.  Voted, 
That  this  meeting  be  adjourned  to  Wednesday  evening. 

"Wednesday  Evening,  May  9th  1792.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  officers, 
Col.  Winslow  [1786],  Capt  Jenkins  [1756],  Major  Cunningham  [1786],  Mr  Samuel 
Greenough  [1786]  and  the  Clerk  be  a  Committee  to  make  the  arrangements  for  the 
Election  in  June  next  &  report. 

"  Wednesday  Evening,  May  16th  1792.  The  Treasurer  reported,  that  the  Com- 
mittee of  Charlestown  had  paid  eight  hundred  dollars,  being  all  the  principal,  also  the 
interest  due  to  the  Company  £13.  17.  6.  Voted,  That  a  Committee  of  Finance  be 
chosen  next  Friday  evening  by  ballot,  consisting  of  three  members,  &  that  they,  with  the 
Treasurer,  dispose  of  the  monies  in  the  way  they  shall  judge  most  for  the  interest  of  the 
Company.  The  committee  chosen  the  9th  inst.  being  ready  to  report;  Voted,  That 
they  be  requested  to  report  next  Friday  evening. 

"Friday  Evening,  May  18th  1792.  The  Committee  of  Arrangements  reported 
that  there  be  twelve  shillings  assessed  on  each  member  towards  the  Expences  of  the 
Election  in  June  next,  &  that  the  deficiency  be  paid  by  the  Treasurer  out  of  the  Com- 
pany funds.  Voted,  That  the  above  report  be  accepted.  Capt  Robert  Jenkins  [1756], 
Major  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786]  and  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786]  were  elected  a  Com- 
mittee of  Finance  to  serve  till  the  Election  of  Officers  in  June  1793. 

"Attest    T.  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  June  4th  1792.  On  this  Anniversary  of  the  Election  of  Officers,  the 
Company  as  usual,  escorted  the  supreme  Executive  from  the  Council  Chamber  to  the  Old 
Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a  well-adapted  discourse  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Eckley.  After  which  they  escorted  His  Excellency,  the  Commander-in-chief  &  other 
Gentlemen  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  an  elegant  entertainment  was  provided  :  at  four 
o'clock  the  Company  marched  into  the  Common  under  the  command  of  Col.  Waters 
[1769],  where  they  went  through  the  usual  exercises,  evolutions  &  firings  with  great 
exactness.  The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  officers  for  the  year  ensuing,  viz  :  — 
Col.  John  Winslow  [1786],  Captain;  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Lieutenant;  Capt 
Lemuel  Gardner  [1787],  Ensign;  Mr.  Samuel  Greenough  [1786],  Mr.  Jonathan  Balch 
[1786],  Mr.  Joseph  Lovering  Jr.  [1788]  Capt  Joseph  Clark  [1789],  Sergeants.  Col. 
John  Winslow  [1786],  Treasurer;  Mr.  John  G.  Doubleday  [1790],  Clerk. 

"Voted,  that  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Col.  John  Winslow  [1786],  Capt  Robert 
Jenkins  [1756],  Major  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786]  and  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  or  a 
major  part  of  them  be  a  Committee  fully  authorized  &  impowered  to  institute  a  suit 
against  the  estate  of  Joseph  Blanchard  [1737]  on  a  bond  executed  to  Trustees  for  the 
use  &  benefit  of  the  said  Company,  by  said  Blanchard  [1737]  and  others  in  his  life  time, 
and  pursue  the  same  to  final  judgment  and  execution  with  power  of  substituting  one  or 
more  Attorneys  for  the  same  purpose.  Voted,  That  the  late  Commissioned  Officers,  with 
the  Treasurer,  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Eckley,  return  him  the  thanks  of  the  Company  for 
his  Sermon  this  day  delivered  and  request  a  copy  thereof  for  the  press. 

"Attest.     Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 


,792]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  269 

"Monday,  September  3d  1792.  The  Company  paraded  agreeable  to  Charter, 
marched  into  the  Common — went  through  a  variety  of  Evolutions  &  Firings  commanded 
by  Col.  Winslow  [1786]. 

"  Friday,  October  6th  1792.  The  Company  paraded  agreeable  to  charter;  Marched 
into  the  Common,  went  through  various  evolutions  and  firings,  commanded  by  Col. 
Winslow  [1786]." 

Monday,  April  2,  1792,  agreeable  to  its  charter,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery Company,  commanded  by  Col.  Waters  (1769),  made  its  first  appearance  for  the 
season,  and  went  through  the  usual  manoeuvres,  evolutions,  and  firings.  The  attention 
of  this  corps  to  their  duty,  when  almost  the  embers  of  military  fire  seemed  expiring, 
entitled  them  to  the  thanks  of  their  fellow-citizens.1 

The  Artillery  election  exercises,  on  Monday,  June  4,  1792,  were  in  accordance  with 
the  ancient  custom.  The  Vice-President  of  the  United  States  was  present.  On  account 
of  his  illness,  the  governor,  John  Hancock,  rode  in  the  procession  in  his  carriage.  A 
considerable  number  of  federal,  State,  municipal,  and  military  officers  participated  in 
the  services  of  the  day.  Fifteen  toasts  were  offered,  and  a  song,  composed  for  the  occa- 
sion, was  sung.  The  election  of  officers  on  the  Common  having  been  completed,  the 
officers  and  officers-elect  proceeded  to  the  mansion  of  Gov.  Hancock,  where  the  officers 
resigned  their  insignia,  and  officers-elect  were  duly  invested  therewith.  The  Company 
and  guests  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where,  on  invitation  of  the  commander,  a  collation 
was  enjoyed.  The  Hall  was  elaborately  decorated  with  flowers  and  pines,  "  The  Temple 
of  Honor,"  the  "  Adams  "  and  "  Hancock  "  pieces  of  artillery,  and  a  large  cage  (con- 
cealed by  flowers,  and  suspended  from  the  centre  of  the  ceiling),  from  which  issued  the 
harmonious  notes  of  a  "  real  American  singing-bird." 

The  conduct  of  the  corps  gave  universal  satisfaction ;  their  discipline  and  exactness 
spoke  the  merit  of  their  officers,  and  their  attention  showed  how  zealously  they  guarded 
the  fame  of  the  corps.2 

Rev.  Joseph  Eckley,  D.  D.,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1792.  He 
was  a  son  of  Thomas  Eckley,  of  the  city  of  London,  England,  where  he  was  born  Oct. 
11,  1750,  O.  S.  Thomas  Eckley,  with  his  family,  came  to  America  in  1767,  and  settled 
at  Morristown,  N.  J.  When  Joseph  Eckley  left  England  he  had  nearly  completed  his 
preparation  for  college,  and,  therefore,  soon  after  his  arrival,  he  entered  the  college  of 
New  Jersey,  where  he  graduated  in  1772. 

Mr.  Eckley  remained  at  Princeton  after  he  graduated,  and  pursued  his  theological 
studies.  He  was  licensed  to  preach  on  the  7th  of  May,  1776,  by  the  presbytery  of  New 
York,  and  for  a  time  preached  as  a  supply  at  Albany.  He  travelled  in  New  England, 
and  the  Old  South  Church,  of  Boston,  which,  for  nearly  three  years,  from  1775  t0  im, 
had  been  "  without  a  pastor,  without  a  sanctuary,  few  in  numbers,  and  greatly  impover- 
ished, their  strong  men  in  the  armies  of  the  nation,  and  the  future  full  of  uncertainties," 
invited  him  to  take  charge  of  the  parish.  Sept.  9,  1778,  he  was  chosen  pastor,  to  succeed 
Rev.  John  Hunt.     He  accepted,  and  was  ordained  in  King's  Chapel,  Oct.  27,  1779,  the 

Rev.  Joseph  Eckley,  D.  D.     Authorities:  '  Columbian  Ce ntine I,  April  4,  1 792. 

Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit;   Hill's  Hist.  2  Columbian  Centinel,  June  6,  1792. 
of  Old  South  Church;     Columbian  Centinel,  May 
4,  181 1. 


270  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,793 

Old  South  Meeting-House  being  in  a  dilapidated  condition,  as  a  result  of  the  war.  That 
meeting-house  was  not  re-occupied  by  the  church  until  March  2,  1783.  In  1808,  Mr. 
Eckley  was  provided  with  a  colleague,  —  Rev.  Joshua  Huntington.  Dr.  Eckley  died 
April  30,  181 1,  aged  sixty-one  years.  His  remains  were  interred  in  the  Granary  Burial- 
Ground,  tomb  No.  163.  The  heavy  slab  which  covers  it  is  incised  with  his  coat  of  arms, 
and  with  his  name,  "  Rev  Joseph  Eckley." 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1793  were:  Andrew 
[  7Q3.  Cunningham  (1786),  captain;  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  lieutenant;  John  Bray 
*  s  \J  (1788),  ensign.  Josiah  Waters  (1769)  was  first  sergeant ;  John  G.  Double- 
day  (1790),  second  sergeant;  Jonas  S.  Bass  (1789),  third  sergeant;  James  Phillips 
(1790),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

Aug.  19,  1793,  the  military  company  recruited  in  Wards  1  and  2,  commanded  by  Capt. 
Robert  Gardner  (1794),  made  its  first  public  appearance  in  complete  and  elegant  uniform. 

The  interment  of  the  remains  of  Gov.  John  Hancock,  who  died  Oct.  7,  1793,  took 
place  on  Monday,  Oct.  14,  1793.  Every  mark  of  respect  and  honor  which  affection  and 
gratitude  could  inspire  was  apparent.  The  bells  of  the  town  began  to  toll  at  sunrise, 
and  continued  tolling  for  one  hour ;  flags  in  the  town,  on  the  shipping,  and  at  the 
Castle,  were  at  half-mast ;  stores  and  shops  were  closed,  all  business  being  suspended. 
The  militia  of  Boston,  with  that  from  neighboring  towns,  assembled  on  the  Common. 
The  Legislature,  judicial,  military,  and  municipal  officers  joined  in  the  funeral  proces- 
sion. In  the  procession,  a  detachment  of  the  Boston  artillery,  under  Capt.  Bradlee 
(1765),  had  charge  of  the  "Hancock"  piece  of  artillery  reversed,  with  a  pall  of  black 
velvet  over  it.  Various  separate  military  bodies,  with  the  First  and  Second  Battalions, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  all  under  the  command  of  Brig.-Gen  Hull  (1788),  com- 
posed the  military  part  of  the  procession.  Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786),  with  his  aids, 
were  present  in  uniform,  with  side  arms.  Col.  Josiah  Waters  (1769)  was  marshal  of  the 
procession  which  followed  the  corpse,  in  which  were  the  Vice-President  of  the  United 
States,  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  in  uniform,  with  their  side  arms, 
State  and  town  officers,  etc.  During  the  movement  of  the  procession,  minute  guns  were 
fired  at  the  Castle  and  by  a  detachment  of  Capt.  Bradlee's  (1765)  artillery,  stationed  on 
Beacon  Hill. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1793  were  :  Thomas  Bartlett, 
Gideon  Batey,  Edmund  Bowman,  Nehemiah  Freeman,  Benjamin  Goldthwait,  Thomas 
Greene,  Asa  (changed  to  Samuel)  Hammond,  Joseph  Loring,  Jr.,  John  Osborn,  Samuel 
Thwing,  Dudley  Walker,  John  Wells. 

Thomas  Bartlett  (1793),  apothecary,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  John  Bartlett  (1769) 
and  Tabitha,  his  wife,  was  born  in  Boston,  May  14,  1767. 

"  He  long  kept  the  sign  of  the  Good  Samaritan,  in  old  Cornhill,  which  originally 
was  painted  with  'a  priest  passing  by  on  the  other  side.'  This  was  soon  erased,  because 
the  painter  had  copied  the  portrait  and  costume  of  Rev.  Dr.  Walter,  of  Christ  Church, 
with  his  full  wig,  so  exactly  that  travellers  were  wont  to  recognize  the  likeness,  probably 
too  near  a  resemblance  in  another  point  of  view."  *     He  resided  on  Hanover  Street. 

1  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


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i793]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  2JI 

Gideon  Batey  (1793),  merchant,  of  Boston. 

Edmund  Bowman  (1793),  cordvvainer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  Bowman,  of 
Lincoln,  Mass.,  was  born  in  that  town  in  1771.  He  came  to  Boston  a  poor  boy,  with 
Samuel  Hammond  (1793),  of  Lincoln,  as  a  companion.  He  was  a  jovial  cordwainer, 
fond  of  the  social  circle,  and  never  accumulated  property,  while  his  friend  Samuel  (1793) 
became  very  wealthy.  He  was  a  proficient  singer,  and  for  some  years  was  at  the  head 
of  the  Boston  Singing  Society. 

Mr.  Bowman  (1793)  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1797,  lieuten- 
ant in  1803,  and  captain  in  1807.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  of  him,  in  his  history  of 
the  Artillery  Company,  edition  1842  :  "  He  was  an  excellent  drill-officer,  and  during  his 
command  of  the  Artillery  Company  it  was  better  instructed  than  it  had  been  for  years. 
His  display  on  election  day  [June  6,  1808],  when  he  resigned,  was  accurate  and  brilliant, 
prepared  and  executed  with  the  most  perfect  ease.  He  was  so  poor  when  chosen  that 
he  declined  the  office.  The  expenses  of  a  commander  then  exceeded  one  hundred 
dollars.  Yet  his  friends  insisted  on  his  acceptance,  agreed  to  pay  all  his  expenses,  and 
gave  him  the  most  liberal  support."  During  the  embargo,  he  was  master  of  a  special 
revenue  cutter,  in  Boston  Harbor,  and  soon  after  died. 

He  united  with  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  R.  A.  M.,  Aug.  30,  1797  ;  a  charter  member 
thereof,  Feb.  14,  1800;  was  principal  sojourner  in  1797,  and  Royal  Arch  captain 
in   1804  and  1805. 

Nehemiah  Freeman  (1793),  son  of  Constant  and  Lois  Freeman,  was  born  in  Boston, 
June  25,  1769.  He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company,  and  was  a  member 
of  it  but  a  short  time.  Mr.  Freeman  (1793)  was  appointed  lieutenant  of  artillery  in 
the  United  States  Army,  June  2,  1794,  and  was  promoted  to  captain  Aug.  6,  ^98.  He 
was  appointed  as  captain  commanding  at  Fort  Independence,  Jan.  1,  1805,  and  held 
that  position  for  several  years.  In  1812-3  he  was  promoted  to  brevet  major,  and  was 
paymaster  in  the  United  States  Army  for  the  eastern  district.  Subsequently,  he  was  pro- 
moted to  colonel,  but  resigned  his  commission,  and,  coming  to  Boston,  became  a  keeper 
at  the  prison.     He  died  while  holding  this  position. 

Benjamin  Goldthwait  (1793)  was  a  shopkeeper,  No.  18  Cornhill,  Boston.  He 
never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  died  in  Boston,  Dec.  n,  1796,  aged 
twenty-seven  years. 

"  The  decease  of  this  truly  amiable  young  man  interests  the  finest  feelings  of  the 
human  heart ;  the  inconsolable  distress  of  conjugal  affection,  the  tear  of  undissembled 
friendship,  and  the  grief  of  those  whose  hours  were  enriched  by  his  society,  are  the  best 
eulogy  of  a  character  who  has  borne  with  him  the  deepest  regrets  of  all  who  could  plead 
the  happiness  of  his  acquaintance. 

"The  remains  of  Mr.  Goldthwait  [1793]  were  preceded  to  the  tomb,  on  Tuesday, 
Dec.  13,  by  the  Independent  Corps  of  Cadets,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Chapman, 
with  side  arms  and  crapes,  and  attended  by  a  full  corps  of  music."  l 

Edmund    Bowman    (1793).      Authorities:  '  Columbian  Centinel,  Dec.  14,  1796. 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842  ; 
By-Laws  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter. 


272  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [I?93 

Thomas  Greene  (1793)  was  a  merchant  at  No.  14  Greene's  Wharf,  Boston.  He 
was  a  son  of  William  and  Elizabeth  Greene,  of  Charlestown,  and  was  born  Sept.  28,  1757. 
His  brother- Francis  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1786.  He  married  Anna  Knight, 
and  resided  for  a  time  in  Stoneham,  where  he  died  in  1842. 

Samuel  Hammond  (1793),  cordwainer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Mary  (Fiske) 
Hammond,  of  Waltham  or  Lincoln,  was  born  in  Lincoln,  July  12,  1766.  When  he  first 
came  to  Boston  his  given  name  was  Asa.  He  married  in  Boston,  June  4,  1794,  Sarah 
Dawes.  Their  daughter  Mary  Ann  married,  March  11,  1823,  Hon.  John  G.  Palfrey, 
D.  D.,  LL.  D. 

Asa  Hammond  (1793),  on  the  death  of  his  brother  Samuel  in  1780,  changed  his 
given  name  to  Samuel,  and  as  such  was  known  in  Boston.  By  trade,  he  was  a  shoe- 
maker, but  became  a  merchant,  and  was  extensively  engaged  in  the  East  India  trade. 
In  1796  his  boot  and  shoe  store  was  at  the  sign  of  the  Golden  Key,  on  Ann  Street,  and 
his  residence  in  Cold  Lane.     He  died  Nov.  4,  1838,  aged  seventy-one  years. 

Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Joseph  (1788)  and 
Mary  Loring,  was  born  in  Boston,  Oct.  20,  1767.  He  married,  in  1797,  Susan  Hall, 
daughter  of  Nathaniel  Hall,  of  Boston.     She  died  Nov.  6,  184 1,  aged  sixty-nine  years. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  calls  him  "a  dashing  Cornhill  shopkeeper."  "Having  failed 
in  business,  and  changed  his  politics,  disappointed  in  not  sustaining  a  commissioned 
office,  he  became  a  violent  partisan,  and  the  first  captain  of  the  Washington  Light 
Infantry.  By  his  temper  he  kept  the  whole  brigade  in  a  continual  ferment.  At  a 
brigade  muster  he  marched  on  to  the  parade  ground  with  two  subalterns,  four  sergeants, 
and  music,  without  a  single  private.  For  this  he  was  tried  by  a  court-martial,  but 
acquitted,  the  proceedings  of  the  court  not  being  approved  by  Gen.  Elliot,  who  ordered 
it."  In  the  fall  of  1806  he  was  again  court-martialled  on  charges  preferred  by  Capt. 
Davis,  of  the  Legionary  Brigade,  in  which  Mr.  Loring  (1793)  hdd  the  position  of 
captain.  The  court  was  in  session  from  the  28th  of  October  to  the  5th  of  November, 
and,  on  the  latter  date,  announced  Capt.  Loring  (1793)  "guilty,"  and  adjudged  him 
incapable  of  holding  any  military  commission  under  this  commonwealth  for  the  term  of 
three  years.  The  major-general  approved  the  sentence.  His  military  ardor  was  not 
abated.  He  commanded  the  Winslow  Blues  from  1807  to  181 1,  and  was  major  of  the 
First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1812.  He  received 
a  colonel's  commission  in  the  United  States  Army  (Fortieth  Regiment),  July  31,  1813, 
and  continued  in  the  position  during  the  war.  On  the  return  of  peace,  he  left  the  army 
and  became  an  officer  in  the  custom-house.  He  held  this  office  until  his  decease,  which 
occurred  Oct.  3,  1838.     He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1800. 

John  Osborn  (1793)  in  1796  had  a  shop  on  Orange  Street,  a  store  at  No.  1  Long 
Wharf,  and  resided  on  Atkinson  Street.     He  died  Aug.  7,  1819,  aged  forty-eight  years. 

Samuel  Thwing  (1793),  baker,  of  Boston,  son  of  James  and  Martha  (Clapp) 
Thwing,  was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  19,  1769.    He  was  a  grandson  of  Col.  Nathaniel  Thwing 

Thomas  Greene  (1793)-  Authority:  Wy-  Boston  Records;  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies 
man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates.  and  Estates;  U.  S.  Army  Reg. 

Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793).    Authorities:  Samuel  Thwing  (1793).    Authorities:  By- 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;       Laws  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge;  Thwing  Family, 

by  Walter  Eliot  Thwing,  1883,  p.  48. 


i793]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  273 

(1736).  Samuel  (1793)  followed  the  trade  of  his  father  and  grandfather, and  maintained 
the  quality  and  popularity  of  their  products.  He  was  admitted  a  member  of  The  Massa- 
chusetts Lodge,  March  12,  1795.  He  married,  Nov.  19,  1795,  Sarah  Homans,  of  Boston, 
born  Jan.  16,  1770,  daughter  of  Benjamin  Homans  (1766).  She  died  in  Roxbury, 
Aug.  20,  1833.  Capt.  Samuel  (1793)  died  in  Boston,  Aug.  4,  1810.  They  had  five 
children,  one  of  whom,  the  eldest,  a  midshipman  in  the  United  States  Navy,  served  with 
honor  in  the  battle  of  Lake  Champlain. 

Dudley  Walker  (1793),  shopkeeper,  No.  61  Cornhill,  Boston. 

John  Wells  (1793),  coppersmith,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  John  Wells  (1765)  and 
Betty,  his  wife,  was  born  in  Boston,  Dec.  3,  1763.  He  lived  in  the  mansion  of  his 
ancestors  in  Back  Street,  at  the  North  End,  and  carried  on  an  extensive  business.  He 
became  a  member  of  the  New  North  Church,  served  in  the  office  of  deacon,  and  repre- 
sented Boston  in  the  General  Court.  He  died,  having  lived  "  an  honest  man  in  the 
truest  sense,"  Oct.  14,  1832,  aged  sixty-nine  years. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1793  is  as  follows  :  — 
"Wednesday  Evening,  March  20th  1793.  The  Committee  of  Finance  reported, 
that  they  have  procured  the  following  badges  for  the  use  of  the  Company,  viz :  Three 
Swords,  Three  Epauletts,  Three  Sashes,  Three  Belts,  for  the  Commissioned  Officers; 
and  four  sashes  for  the  Sergeants.  Voted,  That  the  report  be  accepted ;  that  the  Badges 
be  delivered  to  the  present  Officers  of  the  Company  to  be  worn  by  them  and  their 
successors  in  office,  and  that  they  put  to  no  other  use. 

"Monday,  April  1st  1793.  The  Company  paraded  on  the  town  house  floor,  and 
marched  into  the  Common,  commanded  by  Col.  Winslow  (1786).  The  Rev.  Doct. 
Thacher  was  chosen  to  preach  the  Election  Sermon  in  June  next.  Voted,  That  the 
Commissioned  Officers  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  Doctor  Thacher  and  inform  him  of 
the  choice. 

"Monday,  May  6th  1793,  The  Company  paraded  in  Faneuil  Hall  and  marched 
into  the  Common,  went  through  a  variety  of  evolutions,  commanded  by  Col.  Winslow 
[1786].  The  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Doctor  Thacher  reported,  that 
he  accepted  the  invitation  to  preach  the  Election  Sermon  in  June  next. 

"Wednesday  evening,  May  22d  1793.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers,  Col. 
Waters  [1769],  S.  Greenough  [1786],  A.  Cunningham  [1786],  Capt  Jenkins  [1756] 
with  the  Clerk,  be  a  Committee  to  make  arrangements  for  the  Election  in  June  next, 
and  report.  Voted,  that  the  Company  meet  on  Friday  evening,  to  hear  the  report  of  the 
Committee,  at  the  Court  House. 

"  Friday  evening,  May  24th  1793.  The  Committee  of  Arrangements  reported  that 
there  be  twelve  shillings  assessed  on  each  member,  towards  the  expenses  of  Election  in 
June  next. 

"Monday,  June  3d  1793.  On  this  Anniversary  of  the  Election  of  Officers,  the 
Company,  as  usual,  escorted  the  Supreme  Executive  from  the  Council  Chamber  to  the 
Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a  well  adapted  Discourse  was  delivered  by  the  Rev. 
Doctor  Thacher.  After  which  they  escorted  the  Lieut.  Governor  and  the  other  Gentle- 
John  Wells  (1793)-  Authorities:  Boston  Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company, 
Ed.  1842. 


274  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1793 

men  (His  Excellency's  health  not  permitting  him  to  attend)  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  an 
elegant  Entertainment  was  provided.  At  four  o'clock,  the  Company  marched  into  the 
Common,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Winslow  [1786],  where  they  went  through  the 
usual  evolutions  &  firings  with  great  exactness.  The  following  Gentlemen  were  elected 
officers  for  the  year  ensuing,  viz:  Major  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786],  Captain;  Mr 
Samuel  Todd  [1786],  Lieutenant  ;  Mr.  John  Bray  [1788],  Ensign;  Col.  Josiah  Waters 
[1769],  John  G.  Doubleday  [1790],  Jonas  S.  Bass  [1789],  James  Phillips  [1790],  Ser- 
geants; Col.  John  Winslow  [1786],  Treasurer ;  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Clerk.  Voted, 
that  Major  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786],  Capt.  Robert  Jenkins  [1756],  &  Mr.  Thomas 
Clark  [1786],  with  the  Treasurer,  be  the  Committee  of  Finance  for  the  year  ensuing. 
Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers  wait  on  the  Rev.  Doctor  Thacher  and  return  him 
the  thanks  of  the  Company  for  the  Sermon  this  day  delivered,  and  request  a  copy  for  the 
press.  Attest     J.  G.  Doubleday,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  September — 1793.  The  Company  paraded  agreeable  to  Charter, 
marched  into  the  Common,  commanded  by  Major  Cunningham  [1786]. 

"  Monday  October  7th  1793.  The  Company  performed  the  duties  of  the  day  as 
usual,  commanded  by  Major  Cunningham  [1786]. 

"  Friday  evening,  nth  October.  The  Company  met  at  the  Court  House  &  adjourned 
to  Saturday  evening,  12th  Oct.  1793,  when  the  Company  Voted  to  attend  the  funeral  of 
the  late  Commander-in-chief,  His  Excellency,  John  Hancock,  Esq.,  on  Monday  next,  in 
Compleat  Uniform,  with  their  side  Arms  and  a  weed  of  black  Crape  around  the  arm." 

On  Monday,  April  1,  1793,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  paraded 
for  the  first  time  that  year,  and  by  their  perfect  discipline  and  soldierlike  appearance, 
gave  much  pleasure  to  their  fellow-citizens.  At  the  collation,  always  provided  for  the 
Company,  after  the  duties  of  the  day  are  performed,  the  chiefs  of  the  Wabash  and 
Illinois  tribes  of  Indians,  —  Duguoin,  or  the  Little  Bearskin;  Como,  or  Drowning  Man; 
Oeosto,  or  Whirlwind  ;  Amequah,  or  Little  Beaver;  Sevekainah,  or  Three  Legs;  Che- 
mankir,  or  Soldier,  —  then  in  town,  accepted  the  invitation  of  the  commander  to  drink  a 
glass  of  wine  with  them,  and  appeared  very  happy  on  the  occasion. 

The  anniversary  election  was  held  June  3,  1793,  with  the  usual  ceremonies.  The 
sermon  was  delivered  in  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-House.  The  exercises  passed  off  with 
great  satisfaction.  The  governor,  however,  was  still  indisposed,  and  the  newly-elected 
officers  were  invested  by  him  at  his  house,  "with  much  politeness  and  attention." 

On  Monday,  Sept.  2,  1793,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  made  its 
first  autumnal  appearance  agreeably  to  charter,  and  the  citizen  soldiers  thereof,  as  usual, 
did  themselves,  and  the  military  character  of  Americans,  honor. 

On  Monday,  October  7,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  paraded, 
and,  as  usual,  "performed  their  military  evolutions  with  soldierly  grandeur." 

Rev.  Peter  Thacher,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1793.  His  great-grandfather,  Rev.  Peter  Thacher,  of  Milton,  delivered  the  Artillery 
election  sermon  in  1695.  His  father  was  Oxenbridge  Thacher,  who  appeared  as  col- 
league with  James  Otis  in  the  great  case  of  "  Writs  of  Assistance."  Rev.  Peter  Thacher, 
the  younger,  was  born  in  Milton,  March  21,  1752.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1769,  and  Sept.  9,  1770,  was  ordained  minister  at  Maiden.  Whitfield  called  Mr.  Thacher 
the  "Young  Elijah."     He  remained  in  Maiden  for  fifteen  years,  until  Dec.  14,  1785, 


i794]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  275 

when  he  accepted  the  pastorate  of  the  Brattle  Street  Church,  in  Boston.  His  brother, 
Thomas,  was  also  a  clergyman,  and  preached  in  West  Dedham.  He  wag  an  eccentric, 
but  able,  man.  He  use  to  say,  "  I  can  preach  the  best  sermons,  but  brother  Peter  will 
beat  me  praying." 

Rev.  Peter  Thacher  died  at  Savannah,  Ga.,  Dec.  16,  1802,  aged  fifty  years. 


The   officers   of   the  Artillery   Company   elected   in    1794    were:  John 

I  yOZL.  Brooks    ('786),  captain;    Samuel  Prince  (1788),  lieutenant;  John  Brazer 

*    7\     (1786),  ensign.     Joseph  Cowdin  (1790)  was  first  sergeant ;  William  Williams 

(1789),  second  sergeant;  Asa  Fuller  (1790),  third  sergeant;  Robert  Ball  (1791),  fourth 

sergeant,  and  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1794  were  :  Joseph  Baxter,  Jr., 
George  Blanchard,  Daniel  Cowdin,  Robert  Gardner,  John  Hayward,  Samuel  Hill,  Oliver 
Holden,  Jonathan  Kilton,  John  S.  Lillie,  Thomas  Neil,  Nahum  Piper,  Zechariah  Seaver, 
Samuel  Watts,  John  Wheelwright,  John  Winneck. 

Joseph  Baxter,  Jr.  (1794),  of  Boston,  kept  a  shoe  store  at  No.  5  Marlborough 
Street,  and  resided  on  Winter  Street.  He  died  at  Fayette,  Me.,  in  September,  1828, 
aged  fifty-nine  years. 

George  Blanchard  (1794)  was  a  truckman  in  Boston,  and  lived  in  Cow  Lane,  now 
High  Street. 

"About  1810,  he  entered  into  copartnership  with  Capt.  Austin  [1792]  as  a  broker. 
His  acquaintances  placed  large  sums  in  their  hands  on  their  single  security  as  bankers, 
and  they  gained  general  confidence.  Suddenly  they  failed,  and  his  real  estate, 
valued  at  fifty  thousand  dollars,  which  had  been  free  of  incumbrance,  was  attached. 
Very  little  personal  property  was  ever  found,  and  no  explanation  given.  Mr.  Blanchard 
[  1 794]  was  suspected,  and  committed  to  prison,  but,  after  severe  examination,  was  per- 
mitted to  take  the  poor  debtor's  oath.  The  Artillery  Company  lost  nothing  by  him  as 
treasurer,  by  the  vigilance  of  his  successor,  but  the  Washington  Benevolent  Society  lost 
the  whole  of  their  large  funds." 

"  He  was  rough  in  speech  and  haughty  in  manners,  but  accumulated  a  valuable 
property,  principally  in  real  estate,  and  lived  in  a  degree  of  splendor." 

He  was  brigade-major  of  the  Legionary  Brigade,  Gen.  Winslow  (1786)  commander, 
from  1799  to  J8o4  inclusive,  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1796,  first  sergeant  in 
1798,  ensign  in  1811,  lieutenant  in  1801,  captain  in  1805,  and  treasurer  from  1811 
to  1 8 14.  He  represented  Boston  in  the  State  Legislature.  He  lived  in  retirement 
during  his  latter  years,  and  died  very  suddenly,  Dec.  17,  1820,  aged  forty-nine  years. 
He  was.privately  buried  in  tomb  No.  127  on  the  Common. 

Daniel  Cowdin  (1794)  kept  a  West  India  goods  store  in  Boston,  and  resided  on 
Orange  Street. 

George  Blanchard  (1794).  Authorities:  Mass.  Military  Lists;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. 
Company,  Ed.  1842. 


276  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,794 

Robert  Gardner  (1794),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Robert  Gardner  and  Hannah, 
his  wife,  was  born  in  Boston,  Nov.  15,  1763.  He  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Gilbert 
Dench,  of  Hopkinton,  Mass.  He  lived  in  the  Vernon  House,  on  Charter  Street.  He 
was  captain  of  the  Ward  8  military  company  froirTi792  to  1796,  the  founder  and  first 
captain  of  the  Columbian  Artillery  in  1799,  ar>d  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  Legionary 
Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  at  its  formation  in  1802. 
Having  had  a  family  difficulty  with  Gen.  Winslow  (1786),  who  married  his  cousin,  he 
changed  his  politics  from  violent  Federalist,  and  joined  with  Capt.  Joseph  Loring,  Jr. 
(1793),  in  his  military  quarrels.  He  was  cashiered  by  court-martial,  and  deprived  of  the 
privilege  of  holding  office  in  the  militia.  He  was  then  appointed  an  officer  in  the  United 
States  Army,  and  became  commissary  of  prisoners  of  war ;  but  having  failed  as  a  mer- 
chant and  auctioneer,  being  displaced  from  the  commissary  department  and  the  office  of 
the  board  of  health,  he  removed  with  his  family  to  Washington,  D.  C,  where  he  died 
suddenly  in  the  street,  March  10,  1 818.  He  was  captain  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1799.  He  became  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  Feb.  12, 
1795,  and  demitted,  Dec.  29,  1806. 

Lieut.  Whitman's  (1810)  mother  was  a  sister  of  Col.  Gardner  (1794).  The  imme- 
diate predecessor  of  Major  Anderson,  United  States  Army,  in  command  at  Fort  Sum- 
ter, Charleston  (S.  C.)  Harbor,  was  John  Lane  Gardner,  colonel  of  the  First  United 
States  Artillery,  son  of  Col.  Robert  Gardner  (1794). 

John  Hayward  (1794)  was  a  cabinet-maker  in  Boston.  His  shop  was  on  Ann 
Street,  and  his  residence  on  Charter  Street. 

Samuel  Hill  (1794)  was  an  engraver,  of  Boston,  who  resided  in  Rawson's  Lane, 
now  Bromfield  Street.  He  was  a  son  of  Alexander  Hill  (1746)  and  Thankful,  his  wife, 
and  was  born  in  Boston,  July  27,  1750.  He  died  in  1796,  in  the  forty-seventh  year  of 
his  age,  at  which  time  he  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company. 

Oliver  Holden  (1794),  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Nehemiah  and-  Elizabeth  (Stevens) 
Holden,  of  Shirley  and  Charlestown,  was  born  in  the  first-named  town,  Sept.  18,  1765. 
He  married,  May  12,  1791,  Nancy  Rand,  daughter  of  Nathaniel  Rand,  the  ferryman. 
He  spent  his  early  years  in  his  native  town,  but  took  up  a  residence  in  Charlestown  in 
1788.  Mr.  Wyman  calls  Mr.  Holden  (1794)  a  "Baptist  minister."  He  was  by  trade  a 
carpenter,  and  it  was  while  thus  engaged  that  he  published,  in  1793,  his  first  book  of 
sacred  music,  "  The  American  Harmony."  Nearly  all  the  music  in  this  publication  was 
original.  He  gave  up  his  trade,  and  applied  himself  to  the  composition  of  sacred  music. 
He  had  a  music-store  in  Charlestown,  and  was  active  in  church  work.  For  some  years 
he  maintained,  at  his  own  expense,  a  Baptist  chapel,  in  Charlestown,  occupying  the 
pulpit  himself,  and  May  12,  1801,  he  gave  the  land  near  the  head  of  Salem  Street  for 
the  erection  of  a  Baptist  church.  His  wooden  mansion,  forty-two  feet  by  forty,  still 
stands  at  the  head  of  that  street.     He  continued  his  work  in  the  writing  of  mu?ic  and 

Robert  Gardner  (1794).  Authorities:  Bos-  Oliver  Holden  (1794).  Authorities:  Chand- 

ton  Records;    Mass.  Lodge  By-Laws,  etc.;   Whit-  Ier's  Hist,  of  Shirley;     A   Century  of  Town    Life 

man's  Hist  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  in    Charlestown;    Appleton's   American    Encyc.   of 

Samuel  Hill  (1794).    Authorities:   Boston  Biography.                                                        ^^ 
Records;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company, 
Ed.  1842. 


1 794]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  277 

publication  of  music-books  for  some  years,  when  he  became  an  extensive  operator  in 
real  estate.  His  transactions  in  real  estate  are  enumerated  by  Mr.  Wyman  in  his 
"Genealogies  and  Estates  of  Charlestown."  He  was  a  representative  in  the  General 
Court.  He  became  a  member  of  King  Solomon's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Charles- 
town,  in  July,  1795,  and  was  elected  to  honorary  membership  in  July,  1808.  In  the 
militia  he  attained  the  rank  of  ensign. 

Mr.  Holden  (1794)  wrote  one  musical  composition  which  alone  renders  his  name 
immortal,  and  his  fame  co-extensive  with  the  use  of  the  English  tongue,  viz.,  "  Corona- 
tion."    He  died  in  Charlestown,  Sept.  4,  1844. 

Jonathan  Kilton  (1794),  baker,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Holliston,  orSherborn,  Mass., 
in  February,  1755.  He  served  his  country  three  years  as  a  soldier  during  the  Revolu- 
tionary War,  after  he  had  served  John  Lucas  (1786)  several  years  as  an  apprentice.  He 
carried  on  the  business  of  a  baker  on  Orange,  now  Washington,  Street,  from  the  close  of 
the  war  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Dec.  19,  1816.  He  was  esteemed  as  an  upright, 
honorable  man.     He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

John  S.  Lillie  (1794),  shopkeeper,  No.  21  Marlborough  Street,  his  residence  being 
on  Milk  Street  in  1796.  In  December,  1810,  his  house  —  the  old  Franklin  house  on 
Milk  Street  —  was  consumed  in  a  serious  conflagration,  which  threatened  the  destruction 
of  the  Old  South  Church.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1798, 
clerk  in  1800,  and  a  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Regiment  of  the  Legionary  Brigade  from 
1809  to  18 1 1. 

John  Sweetser  Lillie  (1794)  was  a  constant  attendant,  though  not  a  member,  with 
his  family,  at  the  Old  South  Church  until  his  death  in  1842. 

Thomas  Neil  (1794)  was  a  merchant  in  Boston,  and  resided  on  Hanover  Street 
in  1796. 

Nahum  Piper  (1794)  was  originally  from  Sterling,  Mass.  He  was  engaged  in  the 
crockery-ware  and  goldsmith  business  at  No.  6  Marlborough  Street,  Boston,  and  resided 
on  Pond,  now  Bedford,  Street.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1800,  and  ensign  in  1805. 

Zechariah  Seaver  (1794),  of  Boston,  son  of  Ebenezer  and  Sarah  (Johonnot)  Seaver, 
was  born  Feb.  4,  1767,  and  died  Jan.  5,  1809. 

Samuel  Watts  (1794),  sail-maker,  of  Boston,  resided  in  Proctor's  Lane.  He  was 
second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1798. 

John  Wheelwright  (1794)  was  a  merchant,  of  Boston,  on  Woodward's  Wharf.  He 
was  for  some  years  an  efficient  officer  in  the  custom-house.  When  Gen.  Jackson  became 
President,  Mr.  Wheelwright  (1794)  was  removed,  and  the  citizens  immediately  elected 
him  as  a  representative  to  the  General  Court.  He  was  admitted  a  member  of  The 
Massachusetts  Lodge,  Feb.  12,  1795.  He  was  ensign  of  a  Boston  rifle  corps  in  1814, 
and  became  lieutenant. 

Jonathan  Kilton  (1794).    Authority:  An-  Zechariah  Seaver  (1794).  Authority :  New 

nals  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association.  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1872. 

John  S.  Lillie  (1794).    Authorities:  Hill's 
Hist.  Old  South  Church;  Shurtleff's  Des.  of  Boston. 


278  HISTORY    OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,794 

John  Winneck  (1794)  was  a  saddler,  in  Boston,  and  he  lived  at  No.  50  Cornhill, 
now  Washington  Street. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1794  is  as  follows  :  — 

"Monday,  April  5th  1794.  The  Company  agreeable  to  Charter  made  their  public 
Appearance  commanded  by  Major  Cunningham  [1786].  The  Rev.  Samuel  West  was 
chosen  to  preach  the  Election  Sermon  in  June  next ;  and  the  Commissioned  Officers 
were  appointed  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  inform  him  of  the  choice. 

"Friday  May  1794.  Monday  being  a  stormy  day,  the  Company  paraded  this  day, 
&  performed  the  duties  required  by  their  Charter.  The  Committee  appointed  to  wait 
on  Rev.  Mr.  West  reported  that  he  accepted  the  invitation  of  the  Company,  &  would 
preach  their  Anniversary  Sermon  at  the  next  Election  of  Officers. 

"Monday,  June  2d  1794.  This  being  the  Anniversary  of  the  Election  of  Officers, 
the  Company  paraded,  and  at  twelve  o'clock  marched  to  the  Council  Chamber,  where 
they  received  the  Commander-in-chief,  the  Lieut.  Gov.,  Council  &  Gentlemen  invited  to 
dine  with  the  Company,  &  escorted  them  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a 
judicious  &  well  adapted  Discourse  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  West  of  this  town. 
Divine  Service  being  over,  the  Company  escorted  the  Supreme  Executive  &c  &c,  to 
Faneuil  Hall,  where  they  sat  down  to  an  elegant  Entertainment,  after  which  a  number  of 
patriotic  toasts  were  drank.  At  four  o'clock,  the  Company  marched  to  the  Square  alloted 
them  in  the  Common  where  they  made  choice  of  the  Honorable  Major  General  John 
Brooks  [1786],  Captain;  Mr.  Samuel  Prince  [1788],  Lieutenant;  Mr.  John  Brazer 
[1786],  Ensign;  Capt  Joseph  Cowdin  [1790],  Mr.  Asa  Fuller  [1790],  Mr  William 
Williams  [1789]  and  Mr.  Robert  Ball  [1791],  Sergeants;  Col.  John  Winslow  [1786] 
Treasurer;  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Clerk  for  the  ensuing  year.  The  Commander- 
in-chief  having  taken  his  seat  in  the  Square,  Major  Cunningham  [1786]  went  through 
the  usual  evolutions,  firings,  &c  ;  after  which  the  Governor  received  the  Badges  from  the 
old  Officers  and  invested  those  newly  elected  with  them.  The  Company  then  returned 
to  the  Hall,  where  a  collation  concluded  the  entertainment  of  the  day.  Maj.  Andrew 
Cunningham  [1786],  Capt  Robert  Jenkins  [1756]  and  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  [1786]  were 
chosen  a  Committee,  by  ballot,  who,  with  the  Treasurer,  are  to  have  the  direction  of  the 
Finances  of  the  Company  for  one  year.  Voted,  That  the  late  Commissioned  Officers, 
with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  West,  return  him  the  thanks 
of  the  Company  for  his  Sermon  this  day  delivered  and  request  a'copy  for  the  press. 

"Attest    Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  September  2d  1794.  The  Captain  and  Lieutenant  being  absent,  the 
the  Company  was  commanded  by  Ensign  Brazer  [1786],  Mr  Williams  [1789]  the  Second 
Sergeant  acting  as  Lieutenant  and  Mr  Fuller  [1790],  the  Third  Sergeant  officiated  as 
Ensign,  —  the  first  Sergeant  —  Capt  Joseph  Cowdin  [1790]  —  having  deceased  since  the 
last  Election  of  Officers.  The  Company  performed  the  military  duty  enjoined  by  their 
Charter.  Attest    Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday  7th  October  1794.  The  Company  performed  the  duties  enjoined  by 
their  Charter  under  the  command  of  the  Hon.  Maj.  General  Brooks  [1786]." 

On  Monday,  April  5,  1794,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  paraded 
with  full  ranks,  commanded  by  Major  Andrew  Cunningham  (1786),  and  acquitted 
themselves  like  true  soldiers. 


i794]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  279 

The  anniversary  exercises,  June  2,  1794,  passed  off  with  great  satisfaction;  the 
usual  ceremonies  were  observed.  Rev.  Mr.  West  delivered  an  appropriate  sermon. 
There  was  an  unusual  number  of  invited  guests,  among  whom  was  Col.  Rochefontaine,  of 
the  French  Army.     The  following  toasts  were  offered  at  the  dinner  :  — 

1.  "The  Day."  2.  "The  President  of  the  Union."  3.  "  The  Governor  and  Com- 
monwealth :  May  the  rewards  of  freemen  ever  be  proportionate  to  the  exertions  of 
patriotism."  4.  "The  Legislature  of  the  Commonwealth."  5.  "The  Memory  of  the  late 
Gov.  Hancock,  who  presided  at  the  declaration  of  our  independence  :  May  his  patriotism 
descend  to  his  country,  and  its  influence  prove  as  extensive  and  lasting  as  his  glory." 
6.  "  May  the  Sun  of  Peace  burst  through  the  clouded  hemisphere  of  the  political  world, 
and  dart  his  rays  throughout  the  universe."  7.  "The  Republic  of  France  :  Success  to 
her  arms."  8.  "  Success  to  Agriculture,  Commerce,  Manufactures,  and  the  Mechanic 
Arts."  9.  "  The  Militia  of  the  Commonwealth  :  May  the  sword  of  the  soldier  ever  prove 
invincible  in  the  hand  of  the  citizen."  10.  "  May  our  captive  brethren  at  Algiers  meet 
with  mild  treatment  from  their  captors,  and  be  speedily  liberated  by  the  generous  inter- 
position of  their  country."  11.  "The  Unfortunate  Friend  of  American  Liberty,  Lafay- 
ette." 12.  "Preservation  to  the  Peace,  Vindication  to  the  Rights,  and  Satisfaction  to 
the  Dignity  of  our  Country."  13.  "True  Republicanism,  uncontaminated  by  Aristoc- 
racy, and  unsullied  with  Anarchy."  14.  "May  all  the  ramparts  of  superstition  and 
tyranny  fall  before  the  artillery  of  reason  and  liberty."  15.  "The  American  Fair:  May 
the  hand  of  Beauty  always  delight  to  adorn  the  brow  of  Valor." 

The  election  resulted  in  the  choice  of  Hon.  Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786),  captain ; 
Mr.  Samuel  Prince  (1788),  lieutenant;  Mr.  John  Brazer  (1786),  ensign;  Col.  John 
Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Mr.  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk;  Capt.  Joseph  Cowdin 
(1790),  Mr.  William  Williams  (1789),  Mr.  Asa  Fuller  (1790),  and  Mr.  Robert  Ball 
(1791),  sergeants.  The  officers  were  invested  with  the  insignias  of  their  offices  by  the 
Governor,  on  the  Common. 

The  Hall  was  profusely  decorated,  the  principal  figure  being  a  "  Temple  of  Grati- 
tude," within  which  was  a  large  portrait  of  his  late  Excellency  Gov.  Hancock,  to  which 
was  attached  this  motto  :  "  He  was  our  friend." 

Rev.  Samuel  West,  D.  D.,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1794.  He 
was  a  son  of  Thomas  West,  and  was  born  at  Martha's  Vineyard,  Nov.  19,  1738.  He  spent 
his  early  life  at  hard  labor.  When  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age  he  commenced  the 
study  of  languages  under  the  tutorship  of  his  father.  He  entered  Harvard  College  in 
1758,  and  graduated  in  1761.  He  studied  divinity  under  the  patronage  of  Hon.  Thomas 
Hubbard  (1732),  and,  by  his  influence,  was  appointed  chaplain  of  the  garrison  at  Fort 
Pownal,  at  Penobscot.  He  repaired  to  his  field  of  labor,  and  became  a  member  of  the 
family  of  Brig. -Gen  Preble. 

Mr.  West  returned  to  his  home  in  November,  1762,  then  went  to  Cambridge  and  con- 
tinued his  studies.  In  June,  1763,  he  was  invited  to  preach  at  Needham.  He  accepted, 
and  was  ordained  April  25,  1764.  He  married,  Feb.  23,  1769,  a  Miss  Plimpton,  of 
Medfield.  In  1786  he  was  invited  to  become  the  pastor  of  the  Federal  Street  Church 
in  Boston,  and  also,  at  about  the  same  time,  of  a  church  at  Jamaica  Plain.  Nov.  16, 
1788,  he  accepted  a  call  to  the  Hollis  Street  Church  at  Boston.     He  was  installed  March 

Rev.  Samuel  West.    Authority:  Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit. 


280  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,79S 

12,  1789,  the  sermon  on  that  occasion  being  preached  by  himself.     Dartmouth  College 
conferred  the  degree  of  D.  D.  upon  him  in  1798. 

In  September,  1803,  on  account  of  failing  health,  he  asked  for  a  colleague,  which 
was  granted.  In  August,  1805,  he  made  a  journey  to  Charlestown,  N.  H.,  where  he 
died  April  10,  1808. 


The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1795  were:    Amasa 

I  70  C.  Davis  (1786),  captain;   Joseph  Eaton  (1773),  lieutenant;   Jeremiah  Kahler 

I    7U     (1790),  ensign.     Andrew  Cunningham  (1786)  was  first  sergeant;    Thomas 

W.  Sumner  (1792),  second  sergeant;    George  Singleton,  Jr.   (1792),  third  sergeant; 

Richard  Austin  (1792),  fourth  sergeant,  and  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

In  1795,  William  Hull  (1788)  was  brigadier-general  of  the  First  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  Thomas  Curtis  (1788)  was  brigade 
quartermaster;  Ebenezer  Mattoon  (1817)  was  brigadier-general  of  the  First  Brigade, 
Fourth  Division.  Among  the  captains  in  the  Boston  regiment  were  Michael  Homer 
(1789),  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  and  Robert  Gardner  (1794).  Among  the  lieutenants 
were  Shubael  Bell  (179O  and  Robert  Ball  (1791).  John  Roulstone  (1812)  was  an 
ensign  in  the  Third  Company.  Thomas  Adams  (1765)  was  captain-lieutenant,  and  John 
Gardner  (1791)  ensign  of  the  Fusileers.  Jacob  Gill  (1774)  was  colonel  of  the  Third 
Regiment,  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia;  Samuel 
Bradlee  (1765)  was  captain  in  the  First  Battalion  of  Artillery,  First  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia;  Elijah  Crane  (1819)  was  a  captain  in  the 
cavalry  service. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1795  were  :  William  Alexander, 
Charles  Clement,  Rufus  Davenport,  Rowland  Freeman,  William  Greenough,  John  Russell. 

William  Alexander  (1795),  cabinet-maker,  of  Boston.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says 
Mr.  Alexander  (1795)  "was  in  early  life  a  steady,  industrious,  modest  man,  having 
peculiar  talents  as  an  officer.  The  offices  of  the  Artillery  Company  were  almost  forced 
upon  him  by  his  friends,  who  wished  to  advance  him  in  society.  He  became  intem- 
perate, lost  his  property,  and  died  in  the  Boston  almshouse  a  few  years  after,  neglected 
and  forgotten.  ...  He  lived  in  a  day  of  unprecedented  prosperity  and  dissipation,  that 
swept  off  in  its  fatal  current  many  of  the  best  mechanics  as  well  as  others." 

Mr.  Alexander  (1795)  was  a  trustee  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic 
Association  in  1804,  1805,  and  1806.  His  residence  and  place  of  business  were  in  Back, 
now  Salem,  Street,  Boston.  He  enlisted  in  the  Continental  Army,  Feb.  n,  1781,  "for 
the  war,"  and  served  in  Samuel  Shaw's  company  in  Col.  Crane's  regiment.  He  was  third 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1798,  lieutenant  in  1802,  and  commander  in  1806. 

Charles  Clement  (1795).  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth 
Andrews  (Mitchell)  Clement,  was  born  in  Boston,  and  baptized  at  King's  Chapel,  June 
12,  1767.  He  married,  (1)  May  3,  1792,  Lydia  Rich,  and,  (2)  April  24,  1800,  Dolly 
Quincy. 

William  Alexander  (1795).     Authorities:  Charles    Clement    (1795).     Authorities: 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;       Boston   Records;    Annals  of   Mass.   Char.    Mech. 
Mass.  Revolutionary  Rolls.  Association. 


c^4? 


1^L<?C^ 


^Z^Cf 


i795]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  28 1 

Mr.  Clement  (1795)  was  a  PuP'l  of  the  Boston  Latin  School  in  1780,  and  was  later 
a  valuable  assistant  to  his  father  as  an  architect  and  builder.  He  was  elected  a  trustee 
of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  from  1805  to  1807,  during  which 
time  the  society  was  incorporated  by  the  Legislature.  He  became  a  member  of  St. 
John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Boston,  in  1801.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1799,  and  lieutenant  in  1804.  He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and 
rose  to  the  grade  of  major.  He  served  as  captain  in  the  Second  Sublegion  of  Infantry 
in  1803  and  1804,  and  was  brigade-major  in  1805  and  1806.  His  portrait,  by  Stuart, 
hangs  in  the  Athenaeum,  Boston.  In  his  later  years  he  became  a  merchant,  and  died 
at  St.  Croix,  Sept.  12,  1808,  leaving  a  widow. 

Rufus  Davenport  (1795),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  brother  of  Elijah,  who  joined 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1797.  In  the  directory  of  Boston  for  1796,  Mr.  Davenport 
(1795)  is  giyen  as  a  dealer  in  West  India  goods  on  Orange  Street.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  receiving  the  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  and 
becoming  a  member  of  it  May  6,  1799.  He  invested  his  property  in  a  land  speculation 
in  Cambridgeport,  and  failed.  His  creditors  refused  to  take  his  land,  and  he  remained 
for  years  a  prisoner  within  its  limits.  He  became  almost  insane  on  the  subject  of 
imprisonment  for  debt,  and  labored  for  years  to  get  the  repeal  of  the  law.  He  lived  to 
see  his  cause  triumph,  and  died  in  the  year  1839. 

Rowland  Freeman  (1795),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was,  in  1796,  in  partnership  with 
his  brother  Nathaniel,  and  did  business  at  No.  17  Dock  Square.     He  died  in  April,  1820. 

William  Greenough  (1795),  sail-maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Major  Newman  Green- 
ough  (1740),  was  born  in  Boston,  March  10,  1733.  He  is  not  given  in  the  Boston 
Directory  of  1796,  at  about  which  time  he  removed  to  Newburyport  and  pursued  his 
trade.     He  died  in  1805. 

John  Russell  (1795),  printer,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  Russell  and  brother  of  Major 
Benjamin  (1788),  was  born  in  Boston  in  1761.  He  learned  the  printer's  trade,  and  at 
first  worked  in  the  office  of  his  brother  on  the  Columbian  Centinel.  For  a  long  time  he 
was  associated  with  Mr.  Cutler  in  the  publication  of  the  Gazette,  and  about  1795,  in  con- 
nection with  another  brother,  Joseph  N.,  he  published  a  paper  called  The  Boston  Price- 
Current  and  Marine  Intelligencer.  The  partnership  did  not  long  continue,  but  the  paper, 
which  underwent  several  changes  in  form,  size,  typography,  and  name,  was  published  by 
Mr.  Russell  (1795),  either  alone  or  with  partners,  until  the  year  1823,  when  he  disposed 
of  his  interest  in  it  and  removed  to  Gardiner,  Me.,  where  he  died,  Aug.  23,  1831,  aged 
seventy  years.  He  became  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Boston, 
in  the  year  1800. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1795  ^s  as  follows :  — 
"March  25th  1795.     Voted,  that  the  further  sum  of  two  dollars  be  paid  by  every 
gentleman  on  his  being  admitted  a  member  of  the  Company,  in  consequence  of  the 

Rufus    Davenport    (1795).      Authorities:  John  Russell  (1795).    Authorities:  Whit- 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;       man's   Hist.   A.  and   H.  A.   Company,   Ed.    1842; 
By-Laws  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge.  Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association. 

William   Greenough   (1795).     Authority: 
Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


282  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[•795 


charges  attending  the  law-suit  against  the  Blanchard  heirs,  which  have  been  paid  by 
the  present  members.  Attest,     Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"  Monday,  6th  April  1795.  The  Company  performed  the  usual  exercise  of  the  day 
commanded  by  Gen.  Brooks  [1786].  The  Rev.  Doct.  Belknap  was  chosen  to  preach 
the  next  Election  sermon  &  the  Commissioned  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer,  were 
appointed  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  &  inform  him  of  the  choice. 

"Attest,     Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday  4th  May  1795.  The  Company  paraded  under  the  command  of  Lieut. 
Prince  [1788].  The  Rev.  Doct.  Belknap,  having  declined  preaching  the  Election 
sermon,  the  Company  proceeded  to  ballot  for  a  Chaplain,  when  the  Rev.  Mr.  Kirkland 
of  this  town  was  chosen.  Voted,  that  the  Commissioned  Officers  and  Treasurer  be  a 
Committee  to  wait  on  him  &  inform  him  of  their  choice. 

"Attest.    Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Wednesday  evening,  May  21st  1795.  Voted,  that  Maj.  Gen.  Brooks  [1786],  Mr. 
Samuel  Prince  [1788],  Mr.  John  Brazer  [1786],  Col.  Winslow  [1786],  Col.  Waters 
[1769],  Maj.  Cunningham  [1786],  Capt  Jenkins  [1756]  and  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  be 
a  Committee  to  make  arrangements  and  report  the  assessment  necessary  to  be  laid  for 
our  Election  in  June  next. 

"Monday,  25th  May,  1795.  The  Committee  reported  that  eighteen  shillings  be 
paid  by  each  member  of  the  Company  &  that  the  Treasurer  be  directed  to  pay  the 
balance  that  may  be  due  the  Clerk  out  of  the  funds  of  the  Company.  Voted,  that  the 
above  report  be  accepted. 

"Monday,  June  2d  1795.  On  this  Anniversary,  at  twelve  o'clock,  the  Company, 
under  the  command  of  Major  General  Brooks  [1786],  escorted  His  Excellency,  Gov. 
Adams,  His  Honor  Lieut  Governor  Gill,  the  Council  and  other  gentlemen  to  the  Old 
Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a  very  pertinent  discourse  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Kirkland.  Divine  service  being  ended,  the  Company  escorted  the  guests  to  Faneuil 
Hall,  where  the  usual  entertainment  was  made.  After  dinner,  the  Company  marched 
into  the  Common,  &  made  choice  of  the  following  Gentlemen  for  Officers  the  year 
ensuing,  viz  :  Col  Amasa  Davis  [1786],  Captain ;  Captain  Joseph  Eaton  [1773],  Lieu- 
tenant; Mr.  Jeremiah  Kahler  [1790],  Ensign;  Major  Andrew  Cunningham  [1786], 
Mr.  Thomas  W.  Sumner  [1792],  Mr.  George  Singleton  [1792],  Mr  Richard  Austin 
[1792],  Sergeants;  Col  John  Winslow  [1786]  Treasurer,  Mr  Thomas  Clark  [1786], 
Clerk.  Voted,  That  the  Thanks  of  the  Company  be  given  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Kirkland, 
for  his  sermon  delivered  at  their  request,  and  that  the  Commissioned  Officers,  with  the 
Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  him  and  request  a  copy  for  the  press. 

"Attest.    Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Wednesday  evening,  July  29  1795.  Voted,  that  the  Commissioned  Officers  be 
requested  to  divide  the  Company  into  four  squads,  &  give  one  squad  in  charge  of  each 
Sergeant,  for  the  purpose  of  perfecting  the  discipline  of  the  Company.  Voted,  that  the 
Clerk  be  directed  to  furnish  the  Company  with  short  black  gaiters  and  assess  the  Com- 
pany for  the  same  in  September  next.  Voted,  that  the  Clerk,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Commissioned  Officers,  furnish  the  Sergeants  with  silk  buff  epaulets  and  the  Music  with 
swords.  Voted,  that  the  Clerk  be  directed  to  call  on  John  Simmons  to  return  the  fife, 
clothing,  &c,  belonging  to  the  Company.  Attest     Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 


i795]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  283 

"  Friday,  Sept  nth  1795.  Monday  being  unsuitable  Weather,  the  Company  per- 
formed this  day  the  duties  enjoined  by  their  Charter,  commanded  by  Col.  Davis  [1786]. 

" Monday,  Oct.  5th  1795.  The  Company  paraded  as  usual  commanded  by  Col. 
Davis  [1786]." 

On  Monday,  April  6,  1795,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  com- 
manded by  Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786),  made  their  customary  military  appearance,  and 
gave  "  much  satisfaction  to  their  fellow-citizens  by  their  discipline  and  soldier-like 
deportment." 

The  Company  paraded  on  the  first  Monday  in  June,  1795,  and  observed  the  usual 
ceremonies.  The  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Mr.  John  T.  Kirkland,  the  Rev.  Jeremy 
Belknap  having  declined  the  invitation  to  deliver  the  anniversary  sermon.  After  the 
election  of  officers,  the  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  the  evening  was  spent 
in  "  social  festivity." 

Rev.  Jeremy  Belknap,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  election  sermon 
before  the  Company  in  1795,  but  on  account  of  his  health  and  previous  engagements,  he 
was  obliged  to  decline.  Mr.  Belknap  was  a  son  of  Joseph  (1742)  and  Sarah  (Byles) 
Belknap.  His  paternal  ancestors,  for  four  generations,  were  members  of  the  Artillery 
Company.  He  was  born  in  Boston,  June  4,  1744.  He  attended  the  Boston  schools, 
entered  the  Public  Latin  School  in  the  year  1751,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1762.  After  graduation,  he  taught  school  four  years,  and  then,  in  reply  to  an 
invitation,  was  ordained  in  1767  as  a  colleague  with  Rev.  Mr.  Cushing  over  the  First 
Church,  in  Dover,  N.  H. ;  became  pastor  in  1769,  and  remained  in  that  pastorate  for 
twenty  years.  A  church,  a  street,  a  school-house,  and  a  school,  commemorate  his  name 
in  Dover.  His  service  with  that  church  terminated  Sept  n,  1786,  and  he  was  installed 
pastor  of  the  Federal  Street  Church  (afterwards  Dr.  Channing's),  Boston,  April  4,  1787. 
He  continued  in  this  relation  until  his  decease,  June  20,  1798.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  whose  library  contains  Dr.  Belknap's 
valuable  manuscripts.  He  was  the  author  of  a  history  of  New  Hampshire,  published 
in  1792  ;    "  Life  of  Dr.  Watts,"  in  1793  ;    "American  Biographies,"  in  1794. 

Rev.  John  Thornton  Kirkland,  D.  D.,of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election 
sermon  in  1795.  He  was  a  son  of  Samuel  Kirkland,  a  famous  missionary  among  the 
Indians,  and  was  born  at  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  in  1770.  He  was  educated  at  Phillips 
Academy,  Andover,  where  the  Hon.  Samuel  Phillips  was  his  patron,  and  at  Harvard  Col- 
lege, where  he  graduated  in  1789.  He  taught  for  a  time  at  Phillips  Academy,  and  then 
at  Cambridge,  studying  theology  at  the  same  time,  until  he  was  called  to  the  New  South 
Church,  Boston,  then  located  on  Summer  Street. 

In  August,  1810,  Rev.  Mr.  Kirkland  was  elected  president  of  Harvard  College,  and 
in  November  of  that  year  he  was  inaugurated  in  that  position.  He  held  the  office  of 
president  until  April,  1828,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  his  health,  being  severely 
assailed  by  paralysis  in  1827.  Dr.  Kirkland  survived  the  dissolution  of  his  connection 
with  the  college  twelve  years,  during  which  time  he  travelled  extensively  abroad.  He 
died  April  26,  1840,  aged  sixty-nine  years. 

Rev.  Jeremy  Belknap.  Authorities  :  Life  of  Rev.  John  T.  Kirkland.  Authorities  :  Hill's 

Jeremy  Belknap,  D.  D.,  by  his  daughter,  1847;  The  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church;  Quincy's  Hist,  of  Har- 

First  Parish  in  Dover,  by  Rev.  A.  H.  Quint,  D.  D.,  vard  University. 
1884;   Allen's  Biog.  Diet.;   Polyanthos  I.,  1-13. 


284  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [I796 

f  The  officers   of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1796  were:  Thomas 

[  T^OO.  Clark    (1786),    captain;    Benjamin    Russell    (1788),    lieutenant;    John    G. 

•    -7         Doubleday  (1790),  ensign.     Daniel  Messinger  (1792)  was  first  sergeant; 

Samuel  Hill  (1794),  second  sergeant;  Samuel  Perkins  (1791),  third  sergeant;  Jonathan 

Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  fourth  sergeant,  and  George  Blanchard  (1794),  clerk. 

In  June,  1796,  printed  cards  of  invitation  to  the  anniversary  exercises  and  banquet 
were  first  used  for  invited  guests. 

Oct.  16,  1796,  the  Independent  Fusileers,  of  Boston,  held  their  annual  parade,  after 
which  a  banquet  was  partaken  of  by  the  company  and  its  guests.  Among  other  toasts 
offered  at  the  banquet,  Col.  Brazer  (1786)  offered  the  following:  "The  officers  and 
members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery,  the  officers  and  members  of  the  Cadets, 
and  the  officers  and  members  of  the  Boston  Artillery." 

The  toast  was  received  with  great  enthusiasm,  combining  as  it  did  the  welfare  of  the 
four  (including  the  Fusileers)  military  organizations  of  that  day,  which  were  the  pride  of 
Boston  and  vicinity. 

In  1796,  Major-Gen.  Brooks  (1786)  resigned  the  command  of  the  Third  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  Gen.  Hull  (1788)  was  promoted  to  that  position. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1796  were:  David  W.  Child, 
Benjamin  Coates,  John  P.  Duncklee,  Andrew  Dunlap,  Jr.,  Joshua  Eaton,  James  Harrison, 
William  Jackson,  John  Miller,  Jr.,  Solomon  Phipps,  Ephraim  Prescott,  Amasa  Stetson, 
Samuel  Townsend,  Jr. 

David  W.  Child  (1796),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Isaac,  Jr.,  and  Elizabeth 
(Weld)  Child,  was  born  in  Sturbridge,  Feb.  19,  1772,  and  married  in  April,  1801,  Abigail 
Dorr,  of  Boston.  He  and  his  wife  united  with  the  Old  South  Church  in  November, 
1 801,  and  April  6,  1820,  he  was  elected  church  clerk,  succeeding  Gen.  John  Winslow 
(1786).  He  was  a  selectman  of  Boston  in  1820  and  1821,  an  alderman  in  1823  and 
1824,  and  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  from  Boston.  By  act  of  Legislature,  David 
Child  had  "Weld"  inserted  in  his  name  in  1803.     He  died  Feb.  1,  1830. 

Benjamin  Coates  (1796),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Mary  Coates, 
was  born  in  1766.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1799,  ensign  in 
1803,  and  lieutenant  in  1808.     He  died  Dec.  2,  1827,  aged  sixty-one  years. 

John  P.  Duncklee  (1796),  cordwainer  and  constable,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  John 
and  Elizabeth  Duncklee,  of  Mount  Vernon,  N.  H.,  was  born  in  1765.     He  married  (1) 

Lydia ,  who  died  Feb.  22,   1797,  aged  thirty-eight  years,  and,   (2)  July  14,  1798, 

Mary  Harrington.  He  died  April  30,  1846,  aged  eighty-one  years.  Public  office  being 
more  lucrative  than  shoemaking,  he  accepted  the  office  of  constable,  which  he  held  many 
years.     He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1800. 

Andrew  Dunlap,  Jr.  (1796),  brewer,  of  Boston. 

Joshua  Eaton  (1796),  auctioneer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jonas  and  Mary  Eaton,  of 
Charlestown,  was  baptized  in  that  town,  March  20,  1757.     He  married,  March  18,  1787, 

David  W.  Child  (1796).  Authorities :  Hill's  John    P.    Duncklee    (1796).      Authority: 

Hist,  of  Old  South  Church;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.       Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates, 
and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  Joshua  Eaton  (1796).  Authority:  Wyman's 

Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


i796]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  285 

Mary  (Bradish)  Rand,  widow  of  Samuel,  who  died  in  1781  from  the  effects  of  imprison- 
ment by  the  British.     She  died  May  9,  1807. 

He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in  April  and  May, 

1779,  became  a  member  June  7,  1779,  and  was  admitted  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's 
Chapter,  Jan.  26,  1792.  He  joined  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew  in  1790,  and  was  its  master 
from  1795  to  1801.  He  was  present  at  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  in  1781.  He 
was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1800,  and  in  the  militia  rose  to  the 
grade  of  captain.     He  died  in  September,  1810. 

James  Harrison  (1796),  merchant,  of  Boston  and  Charlestown,  son  of  John  and 
Martha  Harrison,  was  born  in  Great  Britain  in  1767.  He  emigrated,  with  his  parents, 
to  Boston,  and  established  himself  as  a  merchant  here  in  company  with  Francis  Wilby. 

He  married  (1)  Alice ;  (2)  Feb.  7, 1796,  in  Boston,  Charlotte  Noble.    About  1799  he 

made  his  home  in  Charlestown,  Mass.  He  had  then  acquired  a  large  estate,  and 
retired  from  active  business.  He  was  a  deacon  in  the  Baptist  church  in  Charlestown, 
and  one  of  the  original  members.  "The  First  Baptist  Church  and  land"  is  enumerated 
in  the  inventory  of  his  property  under  the  will.  He  became  a  member  of  King 
Solomon's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  February,  1795,  an(^  0*  St.  Andrew's  Chapter  of 
Boston,  Aug.  17,  1796.     He  was  the  first  officer  of  the  latter  body  five  years,  1800-5. 

He  died  Jan.  20,  18 12,  aged  forty-five  years.  The  inventory  of  his  estate  includes 
twenty-four  pieces  of  property.  His  tomb  was  No.  7  in  the  Charlestown  burial-ground. 
He  was  a  generous  man,  and  was  highly  esteemed. 

William  Jackson  (1796),  of  Boston.  There  were  in  Boston  in  1796  two  persons 
by  the  name  of  William  Jackson.  One  was  a  merchant,  on  the  south  side  of  the  market, 
and  resided  on  Winter  Street,  the  other  was  an  apothecary  and  physician,  and 
resided  at  No.  29  Union  Street.  Mr.  Whitman  (18 10),  in  his  history  of  the  Company, 
says  William  Jackson  was  a  "  tallow-chandler."  William  Jackson,  of  Newton  and  Boston, 
by  trade  a  .tallow-chandler,  was  born  Sept.  2,  1783,  and  could  not  have  joined  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1796. 

William  Jackson,  son  of  Joseph  and  Abigail  Jackson,  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  5, 
1748;  and,  again,  William  Jackson,  son  of  Joseph  (1738)  and  Susanna  Jackson,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Sept.  5,  1746.  It  does  not  clearly  appear  which  of  these,  if  either,  was 
a  member  of  the  Artillery  Company,  but  it  seems  more  probable  that  William  Jackson 
(1796)  was  a  son  of  Col.  Joseph  (1738),  who  for  fifty-two  years  was  an  active  member 
of  the  Artillery  Company. 

John  Miller,  Jr.  (1796),  of  Charlestown,  son  of  John  and  Hannah  (Hill)  Miller, 
was  born  in  Billerica,  Aug.  18,  1765.  He  was  a  member  of  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the 
grade  of  captain.  Administration  was  granted  on  his  estate,  Nov.  5,  1825,  to  John  Bel- 
knap, of  Charlestown. 

Solomon  Phipps  (1796),  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Solomon  and  Abigail  (Fosdick) 
Phipps,  was  born  in  Charlestown,  Oct.   12,   1756.     He  married  (published),   May  13, 

1780,  Persis  Morse,  who   died    April    29,    1829,  and  he  died  Feb.   17,   1822.     Their 

James  Harrison  (1796).  Authorities :  Wy-  Solomon  Phipps  (1796).    Authority:  Wy- 

man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;   By-       man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 
Laws  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter. 


286  HISTORY    OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,796 

daughter  Nancy  married  Mark  Winchester,  who  founded  the  Winchester  Home  for  Aged 
Women.  He  was  interested  and  active  in  the  militia  for  several  years,  and  in  1787-8 
was  captain-lieutenant  of  the  artillery  company  in  Charlestown.  He  was  second 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1799. 

Ephraim  Prescott  (1796),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston.  He  "resided  in  a  house  which 
was  owned  by  a  widow,  Rachel  Appleton,  and  which  fronted  on  Cornhill,"  numbered  23. 

Mr.  Prescott  (1796)  "went  to  China,  where  he  procured  a  large  punch-bowl  (ten 
gallons)  to  be  made,  with  the  Company's  name,  etc.,  thereon ;  but  dying  on  the  passage 
homeward,  the  intended  present  did  not  come  to  the  knowledge  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany for  many  years.  It  was  preserved  by  his  widow,  who  became  poor.  Nearly  thirty 
years  afterward,  it  was  accidentally  discovered  and  purchased  by  Hon.  Jonathan  Hunne- 
well  for  fifteen  dollars,  and  presented  by  him  to  the  corps.  It  has  been  kept  with  great 
care,  and  is  used  only  on  the  anniversary."  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1799.     He  died  in  1805. 

Amasa  Stetson  (1796),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  Stetson,  was  born  in 
Randolph,  March  26,  1769.  He  married,  Aug.  21,  1798,  Rebecca  Kettell,  of  Boston. 
He  began  life  as  a  poor  boy,  and  learned  the  shoemaker's  trade,  which  was  the  trade  of 
his  father.  He  afterwards  went  to  Boston,  and  engaged  in  the  shoe  business  with  his 
brother  Samuel.  He  was  prosperous ;  gave  some  attention  to  public  matters ;  was 
commissary  for  the  district  of  Massachusetts  during  the  war  of  1812-5,  and  held  the 
office  of  State  senator.  The  inventory  of  his  estate,  at  his  decease,  was  five  hundred 
thousand  dollars,  and  his  liberality  was  in  proportion  to  his  wealth.  He  gave  the  town 
of  Randolph  ten  thousand  dollars  for  the  erection  of  a  hall,  ten  thousand  dollars  for  the 
endowment  of  a  school,  and  one  hundred  dollars  for  the  benefit  of  the  burial-ground  in 
that  town.  The  town  of  Stetson,  Me.,  was  named  for  him,  and  he  erected  a  church,  for 
use  by  all  denominations,  in  that  town,  and,  what  is  a  little  singular,  the  first  time  the 
bell  was  tolled  was  for  his  death.  He  resided  in  Dorchester,  and  presented  Rev.  Mr. 
Hall's  church  with  an  expensive  town  clock.  A  full-length  portrait  of  Mr.  Stetson,  by 
Frothingham,  of  Charlestown,  is  in  the  town  hall  at  Randolph.  He  died  Aug.  2,  1844, 
and  was  buried  in  the  Dorchester  burial-ground. 

He  participated  in  the  expedition  against  Shays'  Rebellion  in  1787,  being  in  Capt. 
Moses  Draper's  company ;  was  a  captain  in  the  Legionary  Brigade,  Boston,  in  1 799,  and 
major  of  the  Third  Sublegion  of  Infantry  in  1803,  but  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery 
Company. 

Mr.  Stetson  (1796)  was  initiated  into  Freemasonry  in  Columbian  Lodge,  Boston, 
Dec.  8,  1795,  and  became  a  member  thereof  March  22,  1796.  He  was  treasurer  of  that 
Lodge  for  four  years  between  1797  and  1806;  junior  warden  in  1799;  senior  warden  in 
1 800- 1,  and  master  in  1802-3. 

Samuel  Townsend,  Jr.  (1796),  pump  and  block  maker,  of  Charlestown,  son  of 
Samuel  and  Mary  (Austin)  Townsend,  was  born  in  that  town,  July  26,  1766.  He  died 
May  11,  1815,  aged  forty-eight  years,  and  his  remains  were  buried  in  Charlestown. 

Ephraim   Prescott   (1796).     Authorities:  Mem.  of  the  Stetson  Family,  1534-1847,  by  J.  S. 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Barry. 

Boston  Records.  Samuel  Town9end,  Jr.  (1796).   Authority: 

Amasa  Stetson  (1796).   Authorities:  Hist.  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates, 
of  Columbian   Lodge,   by  John  T.  Heard,  1857; 


^ftitotnttTify 


^ 


PUNCH    BOWL. 


1796]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  287 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1796  is  as  follows  :  — 
"Monday,  April  4th  1796.  The  Company  performed  the  duties  enjoined  by  their 
Charter  commanded  by  Col.  Davis  [1786].  The  Rev.  Doct.  Bentley  of  Salem  was 
chosen  to  preach  the  Anniversary  Election  Sermon  in  June  next.  Voted,  that  the  Com- 
missioned Officers  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Doct.  Bentley  and  inform  him  of 
the  choice. 

"Monday,  May  2d  1796.  The  Company  paraded  as  usual  under  command  of  Col. 
Davis  [1786].  The  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Doct.  Bentley  reported, 
that  he  accepted  of  their  invitation  and  would  preach  the  Election  Sermon  in  June  next. 

"Attest.     Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"  Wednesday  evening,  May  18th  1796.  Col.  Davis  [1786],  Capt  Eaton  [1773],  Mr. 
Kahler  [1790],  Capt  Jenkins  [1756],  Col  Winslow  [1786],  Col.  Waters  [1769]  &  Maj. 
Cunningham  [1786]  were  appointed  a  Committee  to  make  arrangements  for  the  Election 
&  report  what  sum  shall  be  assessed  upon  each  member  of  the  Company  towards  defray- 
ing the  expenses  of  the  day. 

"June  1  st  1796.  The  Committee  reported  that  three  dollars  be  assessed  on  each 
Member  of  the  Company  and  that  the  Treasurer  be  directed  to  pay  the  deficiency  out 
of  the  Company's  Funds. 

"Friday  evening,  June  3d  1796.  Voted,  Unanimously,  that  the  thanks  of  the  Com- 
pany be  given  to  Capt  Eaton  [1773]  for  four  hats  presented  by  him  for  the  use  of  the 
Musick.  Voted,  Unanimously,  that  the  thanks  of  the  Company  be  given  to  Mr.  Samuel 
Perkins  [1791]  for  painting  the  drums  and  fife-cases  belonging  to  the  Company.  Voted, 
that  the  Clerk  may  deliver  to  the  members  of  the  Company  twelve  cards,  each  card  to 
be  paid  for  at  the  rate  of  the  assessment  for  Election  Day.  —  Should  a  greater  number 
be  applied  for,  the  Clerk  may  upon  the  unanimous  consent  of  the  Committee  deliver 
them.  It  is  understood  that  the  gentlemen,  who  purchase  cards  for  the  introduction  of 
their  friends,  will  see  the  other  members  accomodated  before  they  take  their  seats  at 
table,  in  order  that  the  Company  may  experience  no  inconvenience  from  the  above 
indulgence.  Attest.     Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  June  6th  1796.  This  day  being  the  anniversary  of  the  Election  of 
Officers,  the  Company  paraded  at  the  Old  South  Meeting  House  at  eleven  o'clock,  from 
whence  they  march'd  to  the  Commandant's  house  to  receive  an  elegant  new  Standard, 
which  by  his  order  was  presented  to  the  Company  by  his  daughter,  Miss  Catherine 
Davis,  who  addressed  Ensign  Kahler  [1790]  as  follows  :  — 

"  '  Sir  :  In  obedience  to  a  command  of  my  Father,  I  have  the  pleasure  to  deliver  to 
you,  Sir,  a  Standard  for  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  ;  and  I  comply  with  this 
order  in  full  confidence  that  it  will  be  defended  &  protected  by  the  soldier  citizens  of 
that  Ancient  and  Respectable  Company.  As  a  soldier,  you  no  doubt  will  esteem  it 
"  your  other  self,"  —  as  such  Death  alone  should  part  you.  Convinced  that  it  will  never 
be  deserted,  I  cheerfully  present  it,  with  my  wishes,  that  it  may  never  be  unfurled  but  in 
the  cause  of  American  Liberty  cV  Independence.' 

"  Having  received  the  Standard,  Mr.  Kahler  [1790]  made  the  following  reply  :  — 

"  '  Miss  Davis  :  Highly  honoured  to  receive  from  your  hands  so  valuable  a  present, 
I  shall  have  the  additional  honor  to  display  it  through  the  Company,  where  it  will  receive 
that  respect,  defence  &  protection  due  from  a  Soldier  to  his  Standard.  Accept,  Miss, 
my  sincere  thanks  in  behalf  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery.' 


288  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1796 


"The  Company  then  marched  to  the  Council  Chamber,  from  whence  they  escorted 
the  Commander  in  chief  &  other  Gentlemen  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  where 
a  Sermon  was  preached  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bentley  of  Salem.  They  then  proceeded  to 
Faneuil  Hall,  where  a  sumptuous  entertainment  was  provided  as  usual.  After  dinner  the 
Company  marched  into  the  Common,  where  they  made  choice  of  the  following  gentle- 
men as  Officers  for  the  year  ensuing,  viz:  Mr  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Captain;  Captain 
Benjamin  Russell  [1788],  Lieutenant;  Mr  John  G.  Doubleday  [1790],  Ensign ;  Messrs 
Daniel  Messenger  [1792],  Samuel  Hill  [1794],  Samuel  Perkins  [1791],  and  Jonathan 
Loring,  Jr.  [1792]  Sergeants;  Col.  John  Winslow  [1786],  Treasurer;  Mr  George 
Blanchard  [1794],  Clerk.  Voted,  that  the  Commissioned  Officers,  with  the  Treasurer, 
be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bentley  with  the  thanks  of  the  Company  for  his 
Sermon  this  day  delivered,  and  request  a  copy  for  the  press.  Voted,  Unanimously,  that 
the  Thanks  of  the  Company  be  given  to  Col  Davis  [1786]  for  the  elegant  Standard 
presented  this  day  by  his  direction  for  their  use.  Voted,  Unanimously,  that  the  thanks 
of  the  Company  be  given  to  Miss  Catherine  Davis  for  the  elegant  manner  in  which  she 
presented  the  Standard,  by  direction  of  her  honoured  father,  Col.  Davis  [1786],  to  the 
Company.  Attest.     Thomas  Clark,  Clerk. 

"Monday  Sept  5th  1796.  The  Company  paraded  as  usual,  performed  the  duties 
enjoined  by  their  Charter,  commanded  by  Capt.  Thomas  Clark  [1786]. 

"  Attest.     George  Blanchard,  Clerk. 

Friday,  October  7,  1796.  Monday  last  being  unsuitable  weather,  the  Company 
paraded  this  day,  and  performed  a  great  variety  of  manoeuvers,  with  much  military 
adroitness,  to  the  satisfaction  of  numerous  spectators  and  honor  to  themselves. 

"Attest.     George  Blanchard,  Clerk." 

The  one  hundred  and  fifty-eighth  anniversary  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company  was  observed  on  Monday,  June  6,  1796.  To  the  usual  military  arrangements 
was  added  the  presentation  of  a  standard  by  Quartermaster-Gen.  Amasa  Davis  (1786). 
The  corps  first  proceeded  to  the  residence  of  Gen.  Davis  (1786),  where  the  presentation 
was  made,  and  thence  to  the  council  chamber,  where  his  Excellency  the  governor,  and 
other  guests,  were  received.  They  were  escorted  to  the  Old  Brick  Church,  where  Rev.  Mr. 
Bentley  delivered  the  anniversary  sermon.  After  service,  the  Company  escorted  its  guests  to 
Faneuil  Hall,  where  a  sumptuous  entertainment  was  provided  ;  after  which,  sixteen  Federal 
toasts  were  offered.  In  the  afternoon  the  election  was  held ;  the  officers-elect  were 
commissioned  by  the  governor,  who  was  then  escorted  to  his  residence,  and  the  Company 
returned  to  its  armory.  To  the  usual  decorations  in  Faneuil  Hall  was  added  that  of  a 
"trophied  urn,"  raised  on  a  pedestal,  bearing  the  words,  "To  the  memory  of  those  brave 
men  who  have  fallen  in  the  cause  of  liberty"  ;  and,  on  the  pedestal,  these  words  :  "Hie 
manus  ob  patriam  pugnando  vulnera  passi."  This  decoration  received  the  highest 
praises  of  the  guests. 

An  ode,  written  for  the  occasion,  was  sung  by  members  of  the  Artillery  Company, 
under  the  direction  of  Capt.  Edmund  Bowman  (1793).  Singing,  in  these  years,  was  an 
art  in  which  several  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  were  very  proficient  Not  only 
at  the  dinner  and  social  gatherings  of  the  Company  were  members  repeatedly  called  upon 
to  sing  the  songs  of  "ye  olden  time,"  but  they  also  performed  with  grand  effect  the  more 
stately  music  in  church  service.     If  music  was  to  be  written,   Ensign  Oliver   Holden 


,796j  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  289 

(1794)  was  equal  to  the  task;  if  a  director  of  music  was  desired,  Capt.  Edmund  Bow- 
man (1793),  the  leader  of  the  Boston  Singing  Society,  was  ready  for  duty;  and  the 
records  inform  us  that  Messrs.  Bowman  (1793),  Messinger  (1792),  Phillips  (1790), 
Wells  (1786),  and  others  were  soloists,  who  were  repeatedly  called  upon,  on  anniversary 
occasions,  to  sing  some  favorite  song. 

ODE 

Written  for  the  Anniversary  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company, 

June  6,  1796. 

Tune,  —  "Rule  Columbia.'' 

Rear'd  to  the  brave,  who  sleep  in  dust, 
Be  trophied  urn  and  marble  bust; 
While  weeping  laurel  shade  their  tombs 
And  incense-breathing  spring  perfumes ! 

Sleep,  ye  Heroes!     Repose,  ye  Patriots  brave! 

Glory  blossoms  on  your  grave ! 

When  grim  Oppression's  gorgon  eye 
Gloom'd  with  its  frown  this  western  sky, 
His  rage  Columbia's  sons  withstood, 
And  seal'd  their  triumph  with  their  blood. 

Sleep,  ye  Heroes !     Repose,  ye  Patriots  brave  ! 

Glory  blossoms  on  your  grave ! 

Blest,  sainted  shades !    your  sacred  sod 
Shall  be  by  pilgrim  heroes  trod, 
And  Breed's  immortal  hill  shall  be 
The  Mecca  of  the  brave  and  free. 

Sleep,  ye  Heroes !     Repose,  ye  Patriots  brave  ! 

Glory  blossoms  on  your  grave ! 

Tho'  school'd  in  war,  'tis  ours  to  raise, 
By  social  arts,  our  Country's  praise; 
Nor  will  Bellona's  storms  assail 
While  Valor  tills  his  native  vale. 

Sleep,  ye  Heroes !     Repose,  ye  Patriots  brave ! 

Glory  blossoms  on  your  grave. 

Rev.  William  Bentley,  D.  D.,  of  Salem,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1796.  He  was  a  son  of  Joshua  aud  Elizabeth  (Paine)  Bentley,  and  was  born  in  Boston, 
June  22,  1759.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1777,  and  afterwards  was  a  tutor 
there  for  three  years.  He  was  called  as  colleague  of  Rev.  James  Diman,  pastor  of 
the  Second  Church  in  Salem,  and,  having  accepted,  was  ordained  Sept.  24,  1783. 
Mr.  Diman  died  in  1788,  when  Mr.  Bentley  became  sole  pastor.  The  beginning  of  Mr. 
Bentley's  ministry  marks  the  transfer  of  this  church  from  allegiance  to  the  Westminster 
Assembly  to  that  liberal  faith  afterwards  called  "Unitarianism."  He  "dispensed  at  once 
with  the  wig  and  creed  of  which  it  had  so  long  been  the  symbol."  He  was  a  man  of 
scientific  and  literary  attainments,  of  pure  life,  strict  integrity,  and  unbounded  philan- 
thropy;  also  an  ardent  patriot.  "When  the  United  States  frigate  'Constitution'  was 
driven  into  Marblehead  Harbor  by  the  British  cruisers  'Tenedos'  and  '  Endymion,'  on 


290  HISTORY   OF-  THE  ANCIENT   AND  [I?97 

Sunday,  April  3,  1814,  and  a  messenger  brought  the  news  to  the  church,  Dr.  Bentley 
promptly  dismissed  the  congregation,  and  hastened  to  the  scene  of  the  expected  attack." 
He  died  in  Salem,  Wednesday,  Dec.  29,  1819.  The  discourse  at  his  funeral  was 
delivered  by  Prof.  Edward  Everett,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  sermon  in  182 1,  and 
became  an  honorary  member  of  the  Company  in  1836. 


T  /—^i—  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1797  were:    Samuel 

1  /U/'  Todd  (1786),  captain;    Jonas  S.  Bass  (1789),  lieutenant;   Joseph  Lovering, 

Jr.  (1788),  ensign.    William  Walter,  Jr.  (1791),  was  first  sergeant;  Edmund 

Bowman  (1793),  second  sergeant;  Robert  Homes  (1792),  third  sergeant;  John  Howe, 

Jr.  (1792),  fourth  sergeant,  and  James  Phillips  (1790),  clerk. 

Increase  Sumner,  who  was  inaugurated  as  governor,  June  2,  1797,  was  in  the  vigor 
of  life,  —  a  contrast  in  this  respect  to  his  immediate  predecessors.  Gov.  Hancock  was 
so  infirm  with  the  gout  that  his  servants  made  an  arm-chair  and  carried  him  from  his 
carriage  up  the  stairs  to  the  council  chamber  in  the  Old  State  House.  Mr.  Adams,  also, 
was  somewhat  bent  with  years,  and  showed  his  infirmity  when  he  walked  in  State  pro- 
cessions. When  his  successor,  Gov.  Sumner,  at  the  head  of  the  legislative  body,  on  its 
return  from  hearing  the  election  sermon  at  the  Old  South  Church,  passed  in  at  the  door 
of  the  Old  State  House  where  the  apple-woman  sat,  she  was  heard  to  exclaim,  "Thank 
God,  we  have  got  a  governor  that  can  walk  at  least." 

Gov.  Sumner  dressed  in  uniform  on  all  military  occasions.  His  uniform  became  his 
portly  and  commanding  figure,  and  his  first  appearance  in  it  on  the  Common,  a  few  days 
after  his  inauguration,  to  deliver  the  commissions  to  the  officers  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company,  met  the  public  approbation.  The  ceremonies  in  1797 
were  very  imposing.  It  took  a  brave  soldier  to  march  up  to  the  governor  thus  gorgeously 
arrayed,  in  the  public  presence,  to  resign  or  receive  his  commission.  It  tended  to  efface 
from  memory  the  soldier's  well-prepared  address.  On  this  first  occasion  of  the  gover- 
nor's appearance,  his  commanding  air,  in  his  military  costume,  added  to  the  trepidation 
sometimes  evinced  by  the  advancing  officer.  It  was  not  always  attended  with  irremedi- 
able embarrassment,  for,  in  one  instance,  it  was  the  cause  of  one  of  the  best  extempo- 
raneous speeches  ever  addressed  by  a  soldier  to  the  governor.  After  the  ensign  had 
marched  up,  quite  out  of  breath,  and  stood  dazed  before  the  governor,  the  latter,  in  his 
address,  charged  him  with  his  duties,  spoke  of  the  courage  and  good  conduct  expected 
and  required  of  him  who  bore  the  standard  of  the  corps,  etc.,  and  delivered  the  colors  to 
his  trembling  hand.  The  prepared  address  of  the  ensign  forsook  him.  He  began  : 
"  May  it  please  your  Excellency  ! "  but  the  next  sentence  failed  to  come  to  his  lips,  and 
he  repeated,  "  May  it  please  your  Excellency,"  then  still  failing  to  recall  his  chosen 
words,  he  made  a  bold  effort  to  rid  himself  of  his  embarrassment,  and,  suiting  the  action 
to  the  words,  exclaimed,  "  I  have  got  this  standard  and  I  will  keep  it !  "  ' 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1797  were  :  Seth  Adams,  Jotham 
Barnes,  Edward  Brinley,  Elijah  Davenport,  Peter  Gilman,  Ward  Jackson,  William  Jepson, 
John  Kennedy,  Charles  Nolen,  Peter  Osgood,  Edward  B.  Walker,  Benjamin  West,  Jona- 
than Whitney. 

1  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Oen.  Reg.,  1854,  p.  121. 


1797]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  291 

Seth  Adams  (1797);  son  of  Seth  and  Ann  Adams,  was  born  in  Boston,  April  1,  1767. 
His  residence  was  No.  15  Franklin  Place. 

Jotham  Barnes  (1797),  merchant,  of  Boston. 

Edward  Brinley  (1797),  merchant,  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Edward  and  Sarah  (Tyler) 
Brinley,  was  born  in  Roxbury,  Oct.  16,  1765.  He  was  never  married.  He  was  a 
merchant,  whose  place  of  business  was  on  the  north  side  of  the  market.  The  firm  was 
Francis  and  Edward  Brinley,  Jr.     He  died  Dec.  20,  1823. 

Elijah  Davenport  (1797),  merchant,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Rufus  (1795),  was  second 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1801,  and  ensign  in  1804.  He  became  a  member 
of  the  Old  South  Church,  Jan.  9,  1825. 

Peter  Gilman  (1797)  was  a  tailor,  and  became  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Mechanic  Association  in  1800.  He  died  in  Boston,  April  12,  1807,  aged 
forty-two  years,  and  his  remains  were  buried  on  Copp's  Hill.  His  gravestone  bears  the 
following  verse  :  — 

"Stop,  my  friends,  and  in  a  mirror  see 
What  you,  though  e'er  so  healthy,  soon  must  be. 
Beauty,  with  all  her  rosebuds,  paints  each  face; 
Approaching  death  will  strip  you  of  each  grace." 

Ward  Jackson  (1797),  housewright,  of  Boston,  lived  on  Temple  Street.  He  was  a 
deacon  of  the  Third  Baptist  Church. 

William  Jepson  (1797),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Lydia  Jepson, 
was  born  in  Boston,  Oct.  20,  1770.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1801,  and  ensign  in  1806,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable 
Mechanic  Association.  He  died  Nov.  12,  1820,  at  his  residence  on  Temple  Street, 
Boston,  aged  fifty  years. 

John  Kennedy  (1797)  was  a  merchant  of  Boston,  whose  residence  was  on  Court 
Street,  and  his  place  of  business  was  No.  46  Long  Wharf. 

Charles  Nolen  (1797)  was  a  merchant  of  Boston.  The  Boston  Directory  of  1796 
gives  his  name  as  Charles  Noland.  He  was  born  in  1768.  He  was  second  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1803.  He  removed  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  where  he  died 
March  20,  1838. 

Peter  Osgood  (1797),  bricklayer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Hooker,  Jr.,  and  Susanna 
(Sawyer)  Osgood,  was  born  at  Lancaster,  Mass.  (baptized),  Jan.  13,  1771.  He  came  to 
Boston  in  1790  with  his  friend  and  schoolmate,  Mr.  Jonathan  Whitney  (1797),  with 
whom  he  formed  a  partnership.  They  did  an  extensive  business,  but  finally  became 
seriously  embarrassed,  and  the  firm  was  dissolved. 

Col.  Osgood  (1797)  was  followed  by  pecuniary  misfortunes,  and  Mr.  Whitman 
(1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  says  "he  was 
supported  by  the  industry  of  his  wife,"  and  "owed  his  military  distinction  to  his  neutrality 
in  politics."     In  1803  he  became  captain  in  the  First  Sublegion  of  Infantry,  from  1804 


292  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [1?97 

to  1809  was  first  major  of  the  same,  and  from  1810  to  1814  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Second  Regiment  of  Boston.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1802,  lieutenant  in  1806,  and  its  captain  in  1809.  He  was  elected  an  honorary  member 
of  the  Company,  Aug.  12,  1816,  and  was  honorably  dismissed  March  31,  1828.  He  died 
in  1833. 

Edward  B.  Walker  (1797),  of  Boston,  is  recorded  in  the  "Annals  of  the  Massachu- 
setts Charitable  Mechanic  Association"  as  being  a  housewright,  when,  in  1796,  he  joined 
that  association.     He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1802. 

Benjamin  West  (1797),  a  merchant  of  Boston,  is  said  to  have  been  engaged  in  the 
sugar-refining  business.  He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Mr.  West,  who  delivered  the  Artillery 
election  sermon  in  1794.  He  became  a  member  of  the  Hollis  Street  Church,  and 
served  it  in  the  office  of  deacon.  Mr.  West  (1797)  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1801.  He  died  at  Charlestown,  N.  H.,  March  25,  1829,  aged  fifty-three 
years. 

Mr.  West  (1797)  "possessed  a  highly  cultivated  mind,  uncommon  strength  of 
intellect,  with  a  rare  talent  of  communicating  his  thoughts.  As  a  man,  a  neighbor,  a 
friend,  he  possessed  the  confidence  and  esteem  of  all  around  him  in  a  remarkable 
degree." 

Jonathan  Whitney  (1797),  bricklayer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Mary 
(Wyman)  Whitney,  was  born  in  Lancaster,  Mass,  March  27,  1771,  and  served  an 
apprenticeship  with  a  bricklayer  in  Claremont,  N.  H.  In  1790  he  removed  to  Boston 
and  formed  a  partnership  with  Col.  Peter  Osgood  (1797),  which  continued  many  years. 
It  was  dissolved  only  when  embarrassments  made  dissolution  indispensable.  Mr.  Whit- 
ney (1797),  however,  having  taken  up  the  stone  and  lime  business,  pursued  that  success- 
fully, and  acquired  a  handsome  property.  He  married  a  daughter  of  Capt.  Stutson 
(1765).  He  was  identified  with  the  militia  for  many  years,  declining  to  accept  a  com- 
mission until  in  high  party  times  he  was  elected  captain  of  a  Boston  company  by  one 
vote.  The  election  was  contested,  but  Capt.  Whitney  (1797)  was  successful,  and 
accepted.  He  was  captain  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Legionary  Brigade,  from  1809  to 
1813,  major  in  1814,  lieutenant-colonel  in  1815,  and  colonel  in  1816  and  1817,  succeed- 
ing, as  lieutenant-colonel,  Col.  Peter  Osgood  (1797)-  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1803,  ensign  in  1807,  lieutenant  in  1810,  and  captain  in  1813,  and 
was  strongly  attached  to  the  institution.  He  represented  Boston  in  the  State  Legisla- 
ture, and  was  an  ardent  Federalist. 

Mr.  Whitney  (1797)  was  admitted  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F. 
and  A.  M.,  April  5,  1802,  and  was  master  of  that  Lodge  in  1813  and  1814.  He  was  one 
of  the  most  respected  and  highly  esteemed  members  of  the  Lodge.  On  the  evening  of 
Friday,  Jan.  25,  1839,  the  Lodge  voted  unanimously,  "that  the  usual  habiliments  of 
mourning  be  placed  in  the  hall,  as  a  mark  of  respect  entertained  by  this  Lodge  for  our 
highly  esteemed  brother  and  past  master,  Jonathan  Whitney,  Esq.  [1797]." 

Mr.  Whitney  (1797)  was  a  man  of  great,  but  not  ostentatious,  charity.  He  died  at 
Brookline,  in  January,  1839. 

Jonathan  Whitney  (1797).  Authorities:  Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association;  Records 
Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842 :       of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge. 


1797]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  293 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1797  is  as  follows  :  — 
"Monday,  April  3d  1797.  The  Company  paraded  as  usual,  and  performed  the 
duties  enjoined  by  their  Charter,  commanded  by  Capt  Clark  [1786].  The  Rev.  Henry 
Ware  of  Hingham  was  chosen  to  preach  the  Anniversary  Election  Sermon  in  June  next. 
Voted,  that  the  Commissioned  Officers  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ware 
and  inform  him  of  the  choice.  Attest,     George  Blanchard,  Clerk. 

"Monday,  May  1st  1797.  The  Company  paraded  this  day  under  the  command  of 
Capt  Clark  [1786].  The  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ware  reported, 
that  he  accepted  their  invitation  to  preach  the  Election  Sermon  in  June  next. 

"Attest,     George  Blanchard,  Clerk. 

"  Wednesday  evening,  May  18  [17],  1797.  Capt  Clark  [1786],  Maj.  Russell  [1788], 
Mr.  Doubleday  [179°].  Col  Winslow  [1786],  Mr  Phillips  [1790],  Mr  Bass  [1789],  Capt 
Gardner  [1794],  Col  Waters  [1769]  and  Mr  Bowman  [1793]  were  appointed  a  Com- 
mittee to  make  arrangements  for  the  Election,  and  r*eport  the  necessary  sum  to  be 
assessed  on  each  member  towards  defraying  the  expenses  of  the  day. 

"Wednesday  evening,  May  24,  1797.  The  Committee  reported,  that  there  is  two 
hundred  &  five  dollars  interest  money  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer,  which,  with  an 
assessment  of  three  dollars  on  each  Member,  they  conceive  will  be  sufficient  to  defray 
the  expenses  of  Election  day.  Voted,  the  above  report  be  accepted.  Voted,  that  the 
Clerk  may  deliver  to  the  members  of  the  Company  twenty  Cards,  each  card  to  be  at 
the  rate  of  three  dollars,  provided  application  is  made  for  them  by  the  29th  inst  &  no 
Gentleman  can  receive  more  than  one  card,  unless  the  whole  number  are  not  taken  up 
individually.  It  is  expected  that  the  Gentlemen  who  purchase  Cards  for  their  friends 
will  see  the  other  Members  seated  before  they  place  themselves  at  the  tables  in  order 
that  the  Company  may  experience  no  inconvenience  from  the  above  indulgence. 

"Attest,     George  Blanchard,  Clerk. 

"  Friday  evening,  June  2d  1797.  Voted,  that  Mr.  James  Phillips  [1790],  Capt  Wm 
Williams  [1789]  and  Mr  William  Walter  [1791]  be  a  Committee  to  examine  the  Treas- 
urer and  Clerks  Accounts,  &  report  at  the  first  meeting  of  the  Company  in  August. 
Voted,  that  Col.  Waters  [1769],  Mr.  Bowman  [1793],  Mr.  Messinger  [1792],  Capt  R. 
Gardner  [1794],  Capt  Williams  [1789],  Mr.  Holden  [1794],  and  Mr.  Eaton  [1796]  be 
a  Committee  to  arrange  the  Musick  for  Election  day. 

"Monday,  June  5th  1797.  This  day  being  the  Anniversary  of  the  Election  of 
Officers,  the  Company  paraded  at  the  Old  South  Meeting  House,  at  ten  o'clock,  from 
whence  they  marched  to  the  Council  Chamber,  and  received  the  Commander-in-chief, 
(His  Excellency,  Increase  Sumner  Esq.)  the  Lieut.  Governor,  Council  and  other  Gentle- 
men invited  to  dine  with  the  Company,  and  escorted  them  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting 
House,  where  an  ingenious  discourse  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Henry  Ware  of  Hingham 
from  1st  Corinthians,  12th  chapter,  25  &  26,  verses.  Divine  service  being  over,  the 
Company  again  escorted  His  Excellency  the  Governor  &c  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  they 
partook  of  an  elegant  dinner,  after  which  a  number  of  Patriotic  Toasts  were  given, 
among  which  was  the  following  one  worthy  to  be  written  in  letters  of  gold  :  —  '  The  late 
Governor  of  Massachusetts  [Samuel  Adams]  tho'  ceasing  from  the  active  cares  of  publick 
duty,  may  Americans  forever  remember  with  gratitude  the  First  of  Patriots  in  the  worst 
of  times  ! '  In  the  afternoon  the  Company  repaired  to  its  appropriate  square  on  the 
Common,  where  they  made  an  unanimous  choice  of  the  following  Gentlemen  for  their 


294  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,797 

officers  the  ensuing  year :  —  Mr.  Samuel  Todd  [1786],  Captain  Mr.  Jonas  S  Bass 
[1789]  Lieutenant;  Mr  Joseph  Lovering,  Jr  [1788]  Ensign;  Messrs  William  Walter  Jr 
[1791],  Edmund  Bowman  [1793],  Robert  Homes  [1792],  John  Howe  Jr  [1792],  Ser- 
geants; Col  John  Winslow  [1786]  Treasurer;  Mr  James  Phillips  [1790],  Clerk.  The 
Supreme  Executive  was  then  escorted  into  the  Square  having  taken  their  seats,  the  Com- 
pany went  through  a  variety  of  manoeuvres,  evolutions  and  firings  to  great  acceptance. 
After  which  in  the  presence  of  an  immense  collection  of  Spectators,  His  Excellency 
received  the  badges  from  the  old,  and  invested  the  new  Officers  with  them.  The  Com- 
pany thus  organized  waited  on  the  Governor  &  other  invited  gentlemen  to  the  Hall  where 
a  liberal  collation  and  judicious  toasts  concluded  as  handsome  a  celebration  as  was  ever 
witnessed.  Voted,  that  Capt  Clark  [1786],  Maj.  Russell  [1788],  Mr.  John  G.  Double- 
day  [1790],  and  Col.  Winslow  [1786]  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ware — 
return  him  the  thanks  of  the  Company  for  his  elegant  Discourse  this  day  delivered,  and 
equest  a  copy  for  the  press.        .  Attest,     George  Blanchard,  Clerk. 

"Mr.  Ware,  in  a  very  polite  letter  to  Capt  Clark  [1786],  declined  giving  a  copy  of 
his  Sermon  for  the  press,  for  the  reasons  therein  expressed. 

"Attest.     George  Blanchard,  Clerk. 

"Copy  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Ware's  letter  to  Capt.  Clark  [1786]  :— '1  have  this  day 
received  your  communication  of  the  vote  of  the  Anc.  and  Hon.  Artillery  Company 
respecting  the  sermon  delivered  before  them  last  Monday.  Be  kind  enough  to  express 
to  them  my  thanks  for  their  politeness  and  candor  and  the  high  sense  I  feel  of  the  honor 
they  do  me  in  requesting  a  copy  of  it  for  the  press.  Nothing  would  give  me  greater 
pleasure  than  to  comply  with  the  wishes  of  the  Company,  could  I  think  the  performance 
entitled  to  the  honor  of  being  made  more  publick.  An  unwillingness  to  add  to  the 
number  of  useless  publications,  I  hope  will  sufficiently  apologize  for  me  to  the  Company 
in  declining  their  request.  With  high  esteem  and  respect  for  the  Company,  I  am  Dear 
Sir,  Yours,  and  their  sincere  friend  and  very  humble  servant,  Henry  Ware.' 

"Thursday  evening,  22d  Augst.  1797.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  be  requested  to 
call  on  Capt  Samuel  Prince  [1788]  and  demand  payment  of  the  Fifty  pounds  of  the 
Company's  money,  which  is  loaned  in  his  hands ;  the  money  to  be  paid  in  ninety  days 
from  this  date.  Also  voted,  that  the  Treasurer  be  requested  to  purchase  the  sum  of 
Eight  hundred  dollars  in  Union  Bank  shares,  when  the  Company's  money  is  collected, 
on  the  lowest  terms  and  as  soon  as  is  convenient  for  him  to  do  so. 

"Tuesday  morning,  9  o'clock  Augst  29.  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  and  Voted, 
unanimously,  that  we  attend  the  funeral  of  our  worthy  and  very  attentive  Brother,  Capt 
Robert  Jenkins  [1756],  who  has  been  a  member  of  the  A.  and  H.  A.  Company  for  forty- 
one  years.  Voted,  that  the  Commissioned  Officers  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the 
friends  of  the  deceased  and  inform  them  of  the  same. 

"Monday,  September  4.  1797.  The  Company  paraded  agreeable  to  Charter, 
marched  into  the  Common,  and  went  through  a  variety  of  evolutions  and  firings  with 
great  exactness;  commanded  by  Capt  Samuel  Todd  [1786]. 

"  Attest,     James  Phillips,  Clerk. 

"  Monday,  October  3,  1 797.  The  Company  agreeable  to  Charter  made  their  publick 
appearance,  commanded  by  Capt  Todd  [1786].        Attest,    James  Phillips,  Clerk." 


i797]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  295 

On  Monday,  April  3,  1797,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  com- 
menced their  tour  of  military  duty  for  the  year  by  a  parade  in  Boston.  "  Their  usual 
adroitness  in  exercise,  and  exactness  in  the  various  military  evolutions,  was  particularly 
distinguishable  on  this  occasion." 

June  5,  1797,  was  a  fine  day,  and  the  Artillery  Company  enjoyed  one  of  its  most 
satisfactory  anniversaries.  The  gratification  of  the  spectators  was  a  matter  of  public 
record.  Among  other  guests,  the  chief-justice  of  the  United  States  was  present.  The 
chief  decoration  in  Faneuil  Hall  consisted  of  a  group  of  figures,  representing  President 
Adams,  the  late  President  of  the  United  States,  the  deceased  Gov.  Hancock,  the 
late  Gov.  Adams,  and  the  hero  slain  on  Bunker  Hill,  —  President  Adams  being  in 
the  centre,  Washington  and  Hancock  on  his  right,  Gov.  Adams  and  Gen.  Warren  on  his 
left.  Above,  in  gilt  letters,  were  the  words :  "  Behold  Those  Patriots  !  Imitate  Their 
Virtues."  A  sumptuous  dinner  was  succeeded  by  sixteen  regular  toasts.  The  governor 
offered  a  volunteer  toast :  "The  memory  of  those  independent  patriots  who  first  insti- 
tuted the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company."  The  concluding  exercises  passed 
off  in  the  presence  of  an  immense  concourse  of  spectators,  and  an  evening  collation 
concluded  the  anniversary  services. 

Col.  Daniel  Messinger  (1792)  sang  the  following  song  with  so  much  pathos  and 
expression  that  frequently,  on  the  anniversary  occasions,  in  answer  to  the  repeated 
requests  of  the  Company,  he  was  obliged  to  sing  it :  — 

TO-MORROW,    TO-MORROW! 
Or,  the  Prospect  of  Hope. 

In  the  downhill  of  life,  when  I  find  I  'm  declining, 

May  my  fate  no  less  fortunate  be 
Than  a  snug  elbow  chair  can  afford  for  reclining, 

And  a  cot  that  o'erlooks  the  wide  sea. 
With  an  ambling  pad  pony  to  pace  o'er  the  lawn 

While  I  carol  away  idle  sorrow; 
And  blithe  as  the  lark  that  each  day  hails  the  dawn, 

Look  forward  with  hope  for  to-morrow. 

With  a  porch  at  my  door,  both  for  shelter  and  shade,  too, 

As  the  sunshine  or  rain  may  prevail, 
And  a  small  spot  of  ground  for  the  use  of  the  spade,  too, 

With  a  barn  for  the  use  of  the  flail : 
A  cow  for  my  dairy,  a  dog  for  my  game, 

And  a  purse  when  a  friend  wants  to  borrow; 
I  '11  envy  no  nabob  his  riches  or  fame, 

Nor  what  honors  may  wait  him  to-morrow. 

From  the  bleak  northern  blast  may  my  cot  be  completely 

Secured  by  a  neighboring  hill; 
And  at  night  may  repose  steal  upon  me  more  sweetly, 

By  the  sound  of  a  murm'ring  rill ; 
And  while  peace  and  plenty  I  find  at  my  board, 

With  a  heart  free  from  sickness  and  sorrow, 
With  my  friends  will  I  share  what  to-day  may  afford, 

And  let  them  spread  the  table  to-morrow. 


29<5  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [,79g 

And  when  I  at  last  must  throw  off  this  frail  covering, 

Which  I  've  worn  for  threescore  years  and  ten, 
On  the  brink  of  the  grave  I  Ml  not  seem  to  keep  hovering, 

Nor  my  thread  wish  to  spin  o'er  again; 
But  my  face  in  the  glass  I  '11  serenely  survey, 

And  with  smiles  count  each  wrinkle  and  furrow; 
As  this  old  worn-out  stuff  which  is  threadbare  to-day, 

May  become  everlasting  to-morrow ! 

Rev.  Henry  Ware  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1797.  He  was  a  son 
of  John  and  Martha  Ware,  and  was  born  in  Sherborn,  Mass.,  April  1,  1764.  He  married, 
(1)  March  31,  1789,  Mary,  daughter  of  Rev.  Jonas  Clark,  of  Lexington,  Mass.  Mr. 
Clark  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1768.  Mary  (Clark)  Ware  died  July 
13,  1805,  and  Mr.  Ware  married,  (2)  in  February,  1807,  Mrs.  Mary  (Otis)  Lincoln,' 
widow  of  Benjamin  Lincoln,  Jr.,  eldest  son  of  Gen.  Benjamin  Lincoln  (1786).  She  died 
Feb.  17,  1807,  a  few  days  after  her  marriage,  and  Mr.  Ware  married,  (3)  in  September, 
1807,  Elizabeth  Bowes,  of  Boston. 

He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1785,  and  after  a  course  of  study  in  theology 
was  ordained,  Oct.  24,  1787,  as  pastor  of  the  First  Church  in  Hingham.  In  1805  he 
resigned  this  pastorate,  and,  Feb.  5,  1805,  the  corporation  of  Harvard  College  elected 
him  Hollis  Professor  of  Divinity.  The  overseers  eventually  concurred,  and,  May  14, 
1805,  he  was  formally  inducted  into  that  office.  On  Aug.  29,  1840,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Ware,  D.  D.,  resigned  the  office  of  Hollis  Professor  of  Divinity,  being  incapable  of  per- 
forming the  duties  of  the  office  by  the  failure  of  his  sight.  Dr.  Ware  died  in  Cambridge, 
July  12,  1845. 


q  The  officers   of   the   Artillery  Company  elected    in   1798  were:    John 

I7Q0.  Winslow  (J786)»  captain;    John  Bray  (1788),  lieutenant;    James   Phillips 

'    s         (1790),   ensign.      George    Blanchard    (1794)    was   first   sergeant;    Samuel 

Watts  (1794),  second  sergeant;    William  Alexander  (1795),  third  sergeant;    John  S. 

Lillie   (1794),  fourth  sergeant;    John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  William  Walter, 

Jr.  (1791),  clerk. 

In  August,  1798,  the  militia  of  Boston  and  Chelsea  were  formed  into  a  legionary 
brigade.  The  nine  companies  of  the  First  Regiment  were  augmented  to  sixteen,  and 
were  formed  into  four  sublegions,  each  sublegion  being  commanded  by  a  major,  the 
entire  sublegion  forming  a  corps  commanded  by  a  lieutenant-colonel  commandant. 
This  formation  was,  however,  of  but  a  short  duration. 

The  Boston  Light  Infantry  made  their  first  public  appearance  on  Thursday,  Oct.  11, 
1798,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Daniel  Sargent,  Jr.  At  twelve  o'clock  the  company 
marched  into  Franklin  Place,  where  an  elegant  standard  was  presented  them  by  Mr. 
Stephen  Higginson,  Jr.  At  four  o'clock  p.  m.  a  banquet  was  provided  at  Concert  Hall, 
to  which  the  officers  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  with  other  guests, 
were  invited. 

The  Independent  Company  of  Cadets,  commanded  by  Col.  May  (1786),  celebrated 
their  twelfth  anniversary  on  Friday,  Oct.  12,  1798,  and  on  the  same  day  the  Fusileers 
also  paraded,  commanded  by  Capt.  Brazer  (1786). 

Rev.  Henry  Ware.  Authorities:  Quincy's  Hist,  of  Harvard  University;  Lincoln's  Hist,  of 
Hingham. 


i798]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  297 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1798  were  :  Joseph  Callender, 
Jr.,  Dexter  Dana,  David  Devens,  Joshua  Gardner,  Jr.,  Melzar  Holmes,  David  Stetson. 

Joseph  Callender,  Jr.  (1798),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  was  a  grandson  of  Joseph 
Callender  (1703).  He  was  born  in  1763,  and  died  in  May,  1823.  "  He  took  advantage 
of  the  Bankrupt  Act,  became  a  grocer,  and  brought  up  a  large  family."  He  and  his  wife 
Mary  became  members  of  the  Old  South  Church,  Dec.  n,  1808.  His  place  of  business 
was  on  the  south  side  of  the  market,  and  he  resided  on  Prince  Street.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 

Dexter  Dana  (1798),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  brother  of  Ephraim  Dana  (1812). 
He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Ariillery  Company  in  1803,  ensign  in  1808,  and  its  clerk 
from  1810  to  1815.  "He  failed  in  business,  but,  being  discharged  by  his  creditors, 
commenced  business  as  a  grocer  and  failed  again."  His  troubles  greatly  affected  his 
mind,  and  he  was  removed  to  Portland,  where  he  lived  with  his  family,  supported  by  his 
brothers  until  his  decease,  which  occurred  in  October,  1822,  aged  fifty  years. 

Mr.  Dana  (1798)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in 
18 13,  and  resigned  his  membership  July  31,  181 6. 

David  Devens  (1798),  merchant,  of  Charlestown,  son  of 'David  and  Elizabeth 
(Goodwin)  Devens,  of  Charlestown,  was  born  in  that  town  Jan.  10,  1777.  He  married, 
June  17,  1804,  Abigail  Adams,  who  died  Sept.  8,  1821,  aged  thirty-eight  years.  He  was 
an  uncle  of  the  distinguished  jurist  and  comrade,  Gen.  Charles  Devens,  who  died  in  1890. 
Mr.  Devens  (1798)  was  for  several  years  president  of  the  Bunker  Hill  Bank,  Charles- 
town, and  held  the  office  of  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1802.  He 
became  a  member  of  King  Solomon's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Charlestown,  in 
September,  1799.     He  died  Aug.  29,  1855. 

Joshua  Gardner,  Jr.  (1798),  of  Boston,  was  a  brother  of  Capt.  Lemuel  Gardner 
(1787).  He  married,  in  November,  1797,  Miss  Lydia  Wheelwright,  daughter  of  Capt. 
Job  Wheelwright  (1759).     He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1801. 

Melzar  Holmes  (1798),  merchant,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Melzar  Holmes,  was  born 
at  Kingston,  Mass.,  Dec.  8,  1774.  He  married,  (published)  Sept.  28,  1800,  Betsey  L. 
Beal,  of  Kingston,  who  died  in  May,  1810.  He  became  a  very  enterprising  merchant. 
He  was  interested  in  the  militia,  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Warren  Phalanx,  and 
later  became  its  captain.  He  built  and  resided  in  the  house  on  Salem  Turnpike  (Chelsea 
Street)  occupied,  in  1875,  by  Mr.  T.  M.  Devens.  When  the  day  for  the  election  of  his 
successor  arrived  (June,  1809),  Faneuil  Hall  was  undergoing  repairs  and  being  enlarged. 
It  was  doubled  in  width,  and  raised  one  story.  The  Artillery  Company,  therefore,  dined 
at  the  Exchange  Coffee-House,  and,  as  the  rain  fell  in  torrents,  the  badges  were 
exchanged  in  the  large  area  in  the  centre.  The  spacious  galleries  were  crowded  to 
excess.     Gov.  Gore  presided. 

Joseph   Callender,  Jr.  (1798).     Authori-  David  Devens  (1798).   Authority  :  Wyman's 

TIES:    Boston  Records;     Whitman's   Hist.  A.  and  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 

H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  Melzar  Holmes  (1798).    Authorities:  Wy- 

Dexter  Dana  (179S).  Authority:  Whit-  jnan's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates ;  Whit- 
man's Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


298  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [i798 

Capt.  Holmes  (1798)  became,  soon  after,  embarrassed  by  the  restrictive  measures 
of  the  United  States  government.  His  enterprise  then  led  him  to  the  West  Indies, 
where,  Nov.  13,  1813,  he  fell  a  victim  to  the  prevailing  fever.  He  was  first  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1802,  lieutenant  in  1805,  and  its  captain  in  1808. 

David  Stetson  (1798),  merchant,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Isaac  Stetson,  of  Scituate, 
was  born  in  that  town  July  7,  1769.  He  married,  Sept.  8,  1793,  Sarah  Lapham,  of 
Scituate,  who  died  May  15,  1861.  He  died  Dec.  6,  1833.  He  owned  considerable 
estate,  and  lived  on  Wapping  Street. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1798  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Monday,  April  2d  1798.  The  Company  agreeable  to  Charter  met  at  Faneuil  Hall, 
and  it  being  Rainy  they  marched  out  of  the  Hall,  and  fired  by  Company,  and  returned 
to  the  Hall  again.  The  Rev.  Nathaniel  Thayer  of  Lancaster  was  chosen  to  preach  the 
Election  Sermon  in  June  next.  Voted  that  the  commissioned  officers  with  Col.  John 
Winslow  [1786]  be  a  Committee  to  inform  him  of  the  choice. 

"Monday  April  23d  1798.  Met  at  Faneuil  Hall  for  exercise,  and  Voted  unani- 
mously that  the  Musick  should  have  two  dollars  and  fifty  cents  for  the  Spring  &  Fall 
trainings  and  three  dollars  for  the  Election  Day  &  fifty  cents  for  evenings.  Voted,  that 
the  soldiers  in  future  should  dispense  with  Ruffles. 

"Monday,  April  30th  1798.  Met  at  Faneuil  Hall  for  exercise  and  Voted  unani- 
mously, That  the  monies,  which  is  now  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer,  be  at  his  disposal 
for  one  year,  he  paying  lawful  interest  for  the  same. 

"Monday,  May  7th,  1798.  The  Company  agreeable  to  Charter  made  their  publick 
appearance  commanded  by  Capt  Samuel  Todd  [1786].  Voted,  That  there  be  a  Com- 
mittee chosen  to  draw  up  a  more  eligible  way  for  admitting  of  members  in  future  ;  that 
the  Committee  consist  of  the  five  following  persons: — Capt  Samuel  Todd  [1786],  Lt 
Jonas  S.  Bass  [1789],  Ens.  Joseph  Lovering  Jr  [1788]  Capt  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Col 
John  Winslow  [1786].  The  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Nathaniel  Thayer 
of  Lancaster,  reported  that  he  accepted  of  their  invitation  to  preach  the  Election  Sermon 
in  June  next.  Attest    James  Phillips,  Clerk. 

"Boston,  May  14th  1798.  The  Committee  appointed  to  consider  what  regulation 
it  may  be  necessary  to  be  adopted  with  regard  to  admitting  of  new  members  in  future, 
beg  leave  to  report  the  following  votes  :  —  1st  That  when  any  Gentleman  applies  to  the 
Clerk  to  be  proposed  as  a  member  of  the  Company,  he  shall  be  balloted  for  at  the  next 
meeting  as  a  Candidate  only.  2d  That  persons  admitted  Candidates  shall  attend  the 
Sergeants  drill  and  have  liberty  to  meet  with  the  Company  for  exercise,  until  they  are 
qualified  in  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioned  Officers  to  appear  with  reputation  to  them 
selves  and  the  Company  on  muster  days,  when  they  shall  be  admitted  to  sign  the  book 
and  become  members.  3d  That  any  person  who  shall  neglect  to  qualify  himself  agree- 
able to  the  above  vote  in  three  months,  his  name  shall  be  erased  from  the  list  of  candi- 
dates. 4th  That  the  fines  for  absence  on  muster  days  be  raised  to  two  dollars :  &  for 
the  Evening,  at  roll-call,  twenty- five  cents  &  fifty  cents  if  absent  the  whole  evening. 

"May  14th  1798.  Voted  unanimously,  thirty  six  members  present,  that  the  above 
report  be  accepted.  Attest.     James  Phillips,  Clerk. 

David  Stetson  (1798).    Authority:  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


1798]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  299 

"Monday  evening,  May  14th  1798.  Voted,  Capt  Samuel  Todd  [1786],  Jonas  S. 
Bass  [1789],  Joseph  Lovering,  Jr  [1788]  Capt  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Col.  John 
VVinslow  [1786],  Mr.  George  Blanchard  [1794],  Col.  Josiah  Waters  [1769],  Mr.  William 
Walter  [1791],  &  Capt  Solomon  Phipps  [1796]  be  a  Committee  to  make  arrangements 
for  the  election  and  report  the  necessary  sum  to  be  assessed  on  each  member  to  defray 
the  expenses  of  the  day.  Attest.     James  Phillips,  Clerk. 

"Friday  evening,  June  1st,  1798.  Voted.  The  Committee  reported  that  two 
dollars  and  fifty  cents  be  assessed  on  each  member  of  the  Company  and  that  the 
Treasurer  be  directed  to  pay  the  deficiency.  Voted,  That  the  Treasurer  of  the  Com- 
pany be  required  to  give  bonds,  himself  as  principal,  with  two  sufficient  sureties,  to 
double  the  amount  of  the  Company's  property  in  his  hands  :  the  conditions  of  the  bond 
to  be  for  the  faithful  discharge  of  the  duties  of  his  office. 

"Voted,  That  Capt  Robert  Gardner  [1794],  Mr.  Ephraim  Prescott  [1796],  Mr. 
William  Walter  [1791],  Capt  Lemuel  Gardner  [1787],  and  Mr.  George  Blanchard  [1794] 
be  a  Committee  to  examine  the  Treasurer's  and  Clerk's  accounts  for  the  year  past  and 
to  receive  the  bond  from  the  Treasurer.  Attest.     J.  Phillips,  Clerk. 

"Voted,  That  the  assessment  of  $2.50  heretofore  voted  to  be  paid  by  each  member 
be  enhanced  to  the  sum  of  five  dollars.  Attest    James  Phillips,  Clerk. 

"Monday  June  4th,  1798.  This  being  the  Anniversary  of  the  Election  of  Officers, 
the  Company  paraded  at  the  Old  State  House,  &  at  twelve  o'clock  marched  up  to  the 
New  State  House,  &  received  the  Commander-in-chief,  &  other  gentlemen,  &  escorted 
them  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a  Sermon  was  preached  by  the  Rev. 
Nathaniel  Thayer  of  Lancaster.  They  then  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  a  sump- 
tuous entertainment  was  provided  as  usual.  After  dinner  the  Company  marched  into 
the  Common  and  made  choice  of  the  following  Gentlemen  as  Officers  for  the  year 
ensuing,  viz:  Col.  John  Winslow  [1786],  Captain;  Mr.  John  Bray  [1788],  Lieutenant; 
Mr.  James  Phillips  [1790],  Ensign;  Messrs  George  Blanchard  [1794],  Samuel  Watts 
[1794],  William  Alexander  [1795],  and  John  S.  Lillie  [1794],  Sergeants;  Col.  John 
Winslow  [1786J,  Treasurer,  Mr.  William  Walter  Jr.  [1791],  Clerk.  Voted,  that  the 
Commissioned  Officers  with  the  Treasurer,  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  N. 
Thayer  with  the  thanks  of  the  Company  for  his  Sermon  this  day  delivered  and  request 
a  copy  for  the  press. —  Attest    James  Phillips,  Clerk. 

"Monday  Evening,  18th  June  1798.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers  be 
a  Committee  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  fifty  dollars,  sent  by  an  unknown  hand,  and 
that  it  shall  be  appropriated  as  requested.  Voted  that  the  letter  &  answer  be  recorded, 
which  are  as  follows  : 

"'Capt  John  Winslow  [1786],  Sir:  Inclosed  is  fifty  dollars,  which  I  beg  you  to 
purchase  3  per.  cent  stock  with,  and  it  is  my  desire  it  may  be  accepted  by  the  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  as  a  small  token  of  my  regard  for  that  Company. 
The  interest  I  wish  to  be  applied  towards  defraying  their  expenses  and  the  principal  to 
remain  as  long  as  the  existence  of  the  Company,  which  I  hope  will  be  until  time  is  no 
more.     I  am  with  respect,  Your  assured  friend. 

"'Boston,  June  9th,  1798.' 


300  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT  AND 


[1798 


"'A  Card! 

"'The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  present  their  thanks  to  the 
Gentleman,  who  directed  a  letter  without  signature  to  their  Treasurer,  enclosing  a 
fifty-dollar  bill,  and  assure  him  it  shall  be  added  to  their  funds  agreeable  to  his  direction.' 

"Voted,  That  a  Committee  be  chosen  to  enquire  what  further  articles  are  necessary 
that  the  Company  may  be  properly  equipt  and  report  at  the  next  meeting.  The 
committee  were  Robert  Gardner  [1794],  Thomas  Clark  [1786],  Ephraim  Prescott 
[1796],  William  Walter  Jr  [1791]-  George  Singleton  [1792],  George  Blanchard  [1794]. 
Adjourned  to  Monday  evening  next.  Attest     William  Walter  Jr.  Clerk. 

"Monday  evening,  25th  June,  1798.1  Forty-three  members  present.  Voted,  That 
the  first,  second  and  third  votes,  on  the  admission  of  members,  passed  the  14th  May  be 
considered.  Voted,  that  the  said  Articles  or  Votes  be  referred  to  a  new  Committee  to 
report  at  the  next  meeting.  The  committee  appointed  were  Thomas  Clark  [1786], 
Col.  John  Winslow  [1786],  Robert  Gardner  [1794],  Thomas  W.  Sumner  [1792], 
Ephraim  Prescott  [1796].  The  Committee  of  equipments  reported  but  the  report  was 
ordered  to  lay  over  till  next  meeting.  Five  members  were  admitted.  Adjourned  to 
Monday  evening  the  9th  July.  William  Walter  Jr.  Clerk. 

"  Monday  evening  9th  July,  1798.  The  Committee  appointed  at  the  last  meeting 
to  whom  was  referred  the  votes  passed  at  a  former  meeting,  on  the  admission  of  new 
members,  made  their  report,  which  was  accepted,  thirty-eight  present.  1st  Gentlemen 
wishing  to  become  members  of  the  Ancient  &  Honorable  Artillery  Company  shall 
make  application  to  the  Clerk  of  said  Company  in  person,  or  by  writing,  and  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  the  Clerk  to  notify  such  application  to  the  Company  by  mentioning  the 
name  of  such  person  on  the  back  of  the  notifications,  which  are  next  to  be  issued. 
2d  Every  Candidate  shall  stand  proposed  one  meeting  at  least  after  such  notification 
is  issued  as  per  first  article,  when  the  Company  may  proceed  to  ballot  for  them,  or,  if 
they  are  not  entirely  satisfied,  they  may  be  kept  on  said  list  of  candidates  from  meeting 
to  meeting  till  they  have  had  sufficient  time  (o  make  all  necessary  enquiry  respecting 
their  private  Characters  and  military  Abilities.  3d.  Every  candidate  shall  have  liberty 
to  exercise  with  the  Sergeants  drill,  at  any  time  when  such  drill  meets  for  exercise,  until 
he  shall  be  balloted  for ;  and  if  he  should  be  admitted  a  member  in  said  Company,  it 
shall  be  his  duty  still  to  exercise  with  said  drill  until  he  is  discharged  therefrom,  by  the 
commanding  Officer  for  the  time  being.      4th   That  every  member  of  the  Company, 

1  The  following  letter  —  the  original  of  which  pany,  that  in  the  opinion  of  the  commander-in-chief 

is  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  William  R.  Bradford,  of  the  officers  of  that  company  are  entitled  to  every 

Roxbury— is  printed  in  the  Boston  Globe  of  Oct.  consideration  without  commissions  which  they  would 

18,1896.     No  reference  to  the  subject-matter  of  the  be  with  them  — further  that   the    most   honorable 

letter  appears  in  the  records  of  the  Artillery  Com-  appendage  of  the  company  is  the  manner  in  which 

pany: —  the    officers    are    invested    with    ensigns    of   their 

Sir  —  I    represented    to   his    excellency   the  command,  and   that  this  privilege  may  be   endan- 

governor  the  request  which  you  and  Mr  Bray  made  gered  or  suffered  to  fall  into  disuse  by  resorting  to 

on  behalf  of  the  officers  of  the  Ancient  and  honor-  that   of  commissioning.     He    therefore   hopes    the 

able  artillery  company,  viz.,  that  the  officers  of  said  officers  will  not  any  further  urge  their  requests, 
company  may  be  commissioned  as  other  officers  in  I  am,  sir,  with  respect,  your  humble  servant, 

the  militia  of  this  commonwealth  are,  after  being  Win.  Donnison,  Adit  Gen'l 

duly  elected  by  the  company.  Boston,  July  2,  1798. 

His  excellency  the  governor  laid  the  subject  Col  John  Winslow,  captain  of  the  Ancient  and 
before  the  council,  and  I  am  now  charged  to  inform  Honorable  artillery  company, 

you  and  through  you  the  other  officers  of  the  com- 


i798]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  3OI 

who  shall  be  -ordered  by  the  commanding  Officer  to  attend  the  drill,  and  shall  neglect 
that  duty,  shall  be  subject  to  the  same  fines,  as  is  paid  by  the  Company  at  their  evening 
meetings ;  and  the  Sergeants  shall  have  a  roll-call  of  said  men  and  report  all  absences 
to  the  Clerk  of  the  Company. 

"The  report  of  the  Committee  of  equipment  next  came  under  consideration,  which 
being  amended,  was  adopted  unanimously  and  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Voted,  That  the  Company,  as  soon  as  may  be,  be  furnished  with  Knapsacks,  with 
the  name  of  the  Company  painted  on  the  back ;  also  with  Canteens,  painted  blue, 
with  buff  Hoops,  and  with  a  priming  wire  &  brush,  to  be  suspended  by  a  chain.  Voted, 
that  Mr.  Joseph  Eaton  [1773],  Mr.  Daniel  Messinger  [1792],  and  Mr  Edward  B. 
Walker  [1797]  be  a  Committee  to  receive  the  hats  &  cockades  of  the  members  and 
make  them  as  conformable  to  a  pattern,  to  be  obtained,  as  they  can,  and  as  the  members 
purchase  new  hats,  they  have  them  made  agreeable  to  the  pattern. 

"Voted,  That  the  white  linen  Caters,  as  voted  originally  by  the  Company,  be  strictly 
adhered  to  on  Election  days,  and  that  no  member  presume  to  appear  in  the  Company 
with  any  other  than  linen  ones.  Voted,  That  in  order  that  the  buttons  may  be  uniform, 
that  some  Gentleman  in  behalf  of  the  Company  import  from  England,  thirty  gross  of 
coat  and  fifteen  of  vest  buttons,  double  gilt,  with  the  inscription  :  — '  Incorporated  1638,' 
on  the  coat  and  '  1638 '  on  the  vest  buttons.  That  the  coat  buttons  be  one  inch  in 
diameter  and  the  vest  in  proportion ;  also  ten  dozen  pairs  of  yellow  knee  buckles, 
uniform  and  oval.  Voted,  That  any  member  lending  his  Gun  or  any  part  of  his  accoutre- 
ments shall  forfeit  &  pay  a  fine  of  five  dollars.  Voted  That  a  Committee  of  the  com- 
missioned officers  be  appointed  to  carry  the  forgoing  votes  into  effect.  Voted,  That  a 
Vote  passed  in  the  year  1700,  restricting  the  number  of  the  'trainband'  to  forty  be 
reconsidered  and  that  the  number  be  increased  to  sixty  four.  One  member  admitted  : 
two  proposed. 

"  Adjourned  sine  die.  Attest,     William  Walter  Jr.  Clerk." 

June  4,  1798,  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  observed  its  anni- 
versary with  the  usual  ceremonies.  The  appearance  and  exercises  of  the  Company 
"were  highly  honorable  to  themselves  and  satisfactory  to  all  who  beheld  them."  After 
the  usual  sermon  and  banquet,  which  were  attended  by  a  large  number  of  invited 
guests,  including  the  president  of  Harvard  University,  Major-Gen.  Elliot  and  his  aides, 
the  commander  of  the  Castle,  and  the  officers  of  the  Boston  military  companies,  a 
number  of  patriotic  toasts  were  offered.  Among  them  was  the  following :  "  The 
American  Bard.  May  he  be  rewarded,  as  his  talents  have  been  applauded,"  referring 
probably  to  the  author  of  the  song  "  Adams  and  Liberty,"  which  was  sung  by  Mr. 
Bowman  (1793)  and  other  gentlemen,  amid  great  enthusiasm. 

ADAMS  AND   LIBERTY. 
THE    BOSTON   PATRIOTIC   SONG. 

WRITTEN    BY  THOMAS   PAINE,  A.  M.1 

Ye  sons  of  Columbia,  who  bravely  have  fought 

For  those  rights,  which  unstain'd  from  your  Sires  had  descended, 

May  you  long  taste  the  blessings  your  valor  has  bought, 
And  your  sons  reap  the  soil,  which  their  fathers  defended. 

1  "Thomas    Paine,    A.    M.,"    bad    his    name       association  of  the  man  who,  in  his 'Age  of  Reason,' 
changed,  March  8,  1803,  by  act  of  the  Massachusetts      lost  his  common-sense." 
Legislature,  to  Robert  Treat  Paine,  "  abhoring  an  <_ 


3°2  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 

'Mid  the  reign  of  mild  peace, 

May  your  nation  increase, 

With  the  glory  of  Rome,  and  the  wisdom  of  Greece; 
And  ne'er  may  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

In  a  clime  whose  rich  vales  feed  the  marts  of  the  world, 

Whose  shores  are  unshaken  by  Europe's  commotion, 
The  Trident  of  Commerce  should  never  be  hurl'd, 
To  increase  the  legitimate  powers  of  the  ocean. 
But  should  Pirates  invade, 
Though  in  thunder  arrayed, 

Let  your  cannon  declare  the  free  charter  of  Trade. 
For  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

The  fame  of  our  arms,  of  our  laws  the  mild  sway, 

Had  justly  ennobled  our  nation  in  story, 
Till  the  dark  clouds  of  Faction  obscur'd  our  young  day, 
And  envelop'd  the  sun  of  American  glory. 
But  let  Traitors  be  told, 
Who  their  Country  have  sold, 
And  barter'd  their  God,  for  his  image  in  gold  — 
That  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

While  France  her  huge  limbs  bathes  recumbent  in  blood, 

And  society's  base  threats  with  wide  dissolution, 
May  Peace,  like  the  dove,  who  return'd  from  the  flood, 
Find  an  Ark  of  abode  in  our  mild  Constitution. 
But  though  Peace  is  our  aim 
Yet  the  boon  we  disclaim, 
If  bought  by  our  Sov'reignty,  Justice,  or  Fame, 
For  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

'T  is  the  fire  of  the  flint,  each  American  warms; 

Let  Rome's  haughty  victors  beware  of  collision ! 
Let  them  bring  all  the  vassals  of  Europe  in  arms, 
We  're  a  World  by  ourselves  and  disdain  a  division ! 
While,  with  patriot  pride, 
To  our  laws  we're  allied, 
No  foe  can  subdue  us  —  no  faction  divide. 
For  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

Our  mountains  are  crown'd  with  imperial  Oak, 

Whose  roots,  like  our  Liberties,  ages  have  nourish'd; 
But  long  ere  our  nation  submits  to  the  yoke, 

Not  a  tree  shall  be  left  on  the  field  where  it  flourish'd. 
Should  invasion  impend, 
Every  grove  would  descend 

From  the  hill-tops  they  shaded,  our  shores  to  defend. 
For  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 


[1798 


i798]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  303 

Let  our  Patriots  destroy  Anarch's  pestilent  worm, 

Lest  our  Liberty's  growth  should  be  check'd  by  corrosion; 
Then  let  clouds  thicken  roujid  us,  we  heed  not  the  storm; 
Our  realm  fears  no  shock  but  the  earth's  own  explosion. 
Foes  assail  us  in  vain, 
Though  their  fleets  bridge  the  main, 
For  our  altars  and  laws  with  our  lives  we'll  maintain! 
For  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

Should  the  Tempest  of  War  overshadow  our  land,1 

Its  bolts  could  ne'er  rend  Freedom's  temple  asunder; 
For,  unmov'd,  at  its  portal,  would  Washington  stand, 
And  repulse,  with  his  breast,  the  assault  of  the  Thunder ! 
His  sword  from  the  sleep 
Of  its  scabbard  would  leap, 

And  conduct,  with  its  point,  every  flash  to  the  <leep, 
For  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

Let  Fame  to  the  world  sound  America's  voice; 

No  intrigue  can  her  sons  from  their  government  sever; 
Her  pride  is  her  Adams  —  his  laws  are  her  choice, 
And  shall  flourish,  till  Liberty  slumber  forever! 
Then  unite  heart  and  hand 
Like  Leonidas'  band 

And  swear  to  the  God  of  the  ocean  and  land, 
That  ne'er  shall  the  sons  of  Columbia  be  slaves, 
While  the  earth  bears  a  plant,  or  the  sea  rolls  its  waves. 

Sept.  3,  1798,  the  Company  paraded  under  the  command  of  Col.  Winslow  (1786). 
Afterward  the  Company  attended  the  interment  of  the  remains  of  their  venerable 
brother  soldier,  Deacon  Samuel  Barrett  (1755). 

Rev.  Nathaniel  Thayer  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1798.  He  was  a 
son  of  Rev.  Ebenezer  and  Martha  (Cotton)  Thayer,  of  Hampton,  N.  H.,  and  was  born 
July  11,  1769.  He  was  prepared  for  college  at  Phillips  Academy  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  in 
the  first  class  sent  to  Harvard  College  from  that  institution.  He  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1789,  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  from  Harvard,  also  from  Dartmouth  in 
1800,  and  S.  T.  D.  from  Harvard  in  181 7.  After  graduation  he  pursued  his  theological 
studies  under  the  direction  of  Rev.  David  Osgood,  D.  D.,  of  Medford,  —  who  delivered  the 
Artillery  election  sermon  in  1788,  —  and  at  the  same  time  he  taught  the  grammar  school 
in  that  town.  He  began  to  preach  in  1791,  but  his  first  year  of  settled  ministerial  life  was 
in  1792-3,  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pa.,  where  he  resided  in  the  family  of  Col.  Timothy  Pickering, 
a  Massachusetts  man,  who  was  a  member  of  President  Washington's  cabinet. 

Rev.  Nathaniel  Thayer.   Authorities:  Mar-  Paine  was  ready  for  a  libation,  when  Major  Russell 

vin's  Hist,  of  Lancaster;  Thayer  Genealogy.  [[788]  interposed  and  insisted,  in  a  humorous  man- 

1  Mr.  Paine  visited   Major   Russell   (1788),  of  ner,  that  he  should  not  slake  his  thirst  till  he  had 

the    Centinel,   with   his   new   song,    "Adams   and  written  an  additional  stanza,  in  which  Washington 

Liberty,"  and  Major  Russell  (1788)  pronounced  it  should  be  introduced."      He   forthwith   wrote  and 

imperfect,  because  Washington   was   not   properly  inserted  this  stanza, 
noticed.     "  The  sideboard  was  replenished,  and  Mr. 


3°4  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  r_,799 

In  1792  he  first  preached  at  Lancaster,  Mass.,  and,  June  3,  1793,  he  was  invited  to 
settle  in  that  town  as  colleague  with  Rev.  Mr.  Harrington.  Mr.  Thayer  accepted,  and 
was  installed  in  that  parish  Oct.  9,  1793.  He  continued  in  this  relation  for  forty-seven 
years.  In  1840,  for  the  benefit  of  his  health,  he  visited  Saratoga  Springs  and  Niagara 
Falls.  Monday,  June  22,  was  spent  in  travelling  on  his  return.  He  reached  Rochester 
at  night,  retired  at  his  usual  hour,  and  died  suddenly  at  two  o'clock  in  the  following 
morning. 


T  7AA  ThC  officers  of  the  ArtilIery  Company  elected   in   1799  were:  Robert 

/  J  7'  Gardner  ('794),  captain;  Lemuel  Gardner  (1787),  lieutenant;   Thomas  W. 
Sumner    (1792),   ensign.      Ephraim    Prescott   (1796)    was    first   sergeant; 
Solomon  Phipps   (1796),  second  sergeant;    Benjamin  Coates  (1796),  third  sergeant; 
Charles  Clement  (1795),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  William 
Walter,  Jr.  (1791),  clerk. 

May  28,  [799,  the  officers  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  paid 
•their  respects  to  the  President  of  the  United  States  at  his  residence  in  Braintree.  The 
visit  was  politely  returned,  when  the  President  attended  the  anniversary  exercises  on  the 
first  Monday  in  June  next  following. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1799  were  :  Edward  Goodwin, 
Benjamin  Hale,  Thomas  Oliver  Larkin,  Josiah  Marshall. 

Edward  Goodwin  (1799),  mechanic,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Deacon  David  and 
Abigail  (Jenner)  Goodwin,  was  born  in  Charlestown,  March  27,  1778,  and  married,  May 
8,  1800,  Katherine  Larkin,  sister  of  Capt.  Thomas  O.  Larkin  (1799).  Mr.  Goodwin 
(1799)  was  a  mechanic  in  some  branch  of  the  chaise-making  business.  He  was  totally 
blind  for  several  years  before  his  death.  He  lived  in  a  house  which  stood  on  Water 
Street,  near  Charles  River  Bridge.  He  became  a  member  of  King  Solomon's  Lodge, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  September,  1799.     He  died  July  27,  1807. 

Benjamin  Hale  (1799).  sailmaker,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Sarah  Hale,  was  born  in 
Boston,  March  24,  1777.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1803,  and 
resided  on  Batterymarch  Street. 

Thomas  Oliver  Larkin  (1799),  merchant,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Ebenezer  and 
Mary  (Oliver)  Larkin,  was  born  (baptized)  July  16,  1769.  He  married,  (1)  at  Concord, 
Mass.,  May  3,  1796,  Hannah  Cordis,  who  died  Oct.  28,  1796,  and,  (2)  Nov.  29,  1801, 
Ann  Cooper,  by  whom  he  had  three  children.  He  died  April  18,  1808,  aged  thirty-nine 
years.     His  brother  Samuel  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1801. 

Mr.  Larkin  (1799)  rose  to  the  rank  of  captain  in  the  militia,  but  never  held  any 
office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees,  in  1 796,  in  King 
Solomon's  Lodge,  Charlestown,  and  became  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and 
A.  M.,  of  Boston,  Oct.  n,  1806.  He  was  admitted  into  St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch 
Chapter,  Dec.  13,  1797,  and  was  a  charter  member  in  1800.  He  succeeded  Oliver 
Holden  (1794)  as  master  of  King  Solomon's  Lodge. 

Edward    Goodwin   (1799).      Authorities:  Thomas  0.  Larkin  (1799).     Authorities: 

Wyman's   Charlestown    Genealogies   and    Estates;        Wyman's   Charlestown    Genealogies   and    Estates- 
By-Laws  of  King  Solomon's  Lodge.  By-Laws  of  King  Solomon's  Lodge. 


1 799]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  305 

Josiah  Marshall  (1799),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  engaged  in  the  West  India 
grocery  trade  at  No.  21  Merchants  Row,  and  his  residence  was  in  "  Half  Court  Square." 
He  was  an  alderman  of  Boston  in  1825  and  1826,  and  a  representative  to  the  General 
Court.     He  died  suddenly  in  1841. 

The  record  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  1799  is  as  follows  :  — 
"Thursday  evening,  28th  March,  1799.     At  a  full  Meeting  of  the  Company,  Voted, 
That  each  member  pay  for  his  Knapsack  and  Canteen ;  &  any  person  on  leaving  the 
Company  shall  return  them  to  the  Commissioned  Officers,  who  shall  estimate  the  value 
of  them,  and  direct  the  Treasurer  to  pay  the  same. 

"Monday  evening,  1st  April,  1799.  At  a  full  Meeting  of  the  Company,  Voted, 
That  each  member  pay  to  the  Clerk  the  sum  of  three  dollars  as  an  assessment  for  the 
expense  of  his  Knapsack  &  Canteen.  Voted,  That  each  member  pay  to  the  Clerk  one 
dollar  as  assessment  for  the  provision  to  be  made  by  him  for  the  two  Spring  trainings. 

"Attest.     Wm.  Walter  Jr.  Clerk.— 

"Monday  evening,  May  20th  1799.  At  a  full  Meeting  of  the  Company,  Col. 
Winslow  [1786]  informed  the  Members,  the  buttons  ordered  from  England  were  at  his 
store  and  ready  for  delivery.  A  Committee  of  arrangments  for  Election  day  were  chosen 
consisting  of  Col.  Winslow  [1786],  Lt  Bray  [1788]  Ensign  Phillips  [1790],  Capt  T. 
Clark  [1786],  Maj.  Blanchard  [1794],  Mr.  Jonas  S.  Bass  [1789],  Mr.  Messinger  [1792], 
Capt  Todd  [1786],  T.  W.  Sumner  [1792],  Col.  Waters  [1769]  if  in  town,  and  the  Clerk, 
ex  officio.  Mr  Moses  Wheeler  proposed  a  candidate.  Mr  Thomas  O  Larkin  [1799] 
admitted  a  member  under  the  new  arrangement  for  admission.     Wm.  Walter  Clerk. 

"  The  Clerk  of  the  Company  having  been  unwell  and  out  of  Town  last  Fall,  the 
times  the  Company  turned  out  under  the  command  of  their  Commanding  Officer,  Col. 
John  Winslow  |  1786],  was  not  duly  entered,  but  on  the  first  Mondays  of  September  & 
October,  1798  and  on  the  first  Monday  of  April  &  the  [first]  Friday  of  May  they  turned 
out  &  performed  a  variety  of  evolutions  agreeable  to  Charter. 

"Attest,     Wm.  Walter,  Clerk. 

"Monday  evening,  27th  May,  1799.  The  Committee  of  Arrangements  reported, 
they  had  attended  to  their  duty  &  had  formed  a  list  of  persons  to  be  invited,  which  was 
read ;  and  they  proposed  that  an  assessment  should  be  laid  on  each  Member  of  two 
dollars  &  fifty  cents  and  that  the  Treasurer  pay  from  the  income  of  the  Company  the 
deficiency  for  the  entertainment.  Voted  That  the  report  of  the  Committee  be  accepted. 
Mr.  Moses  Wheeler  admitted  a  candidate.  Attest,     Wm  Walter  Jr.  Clerk. 

"  Friday  evening,  31st  May,  1799.  Voted,  that  Mr.  George  Blanchard  [1794],  Mr. 
Thomas  W.  Sumner  [1792],  Mr.  Joseph  Eaton  [1773],  Capt  Robert  Gardner  [1794] 
and  Mr.  Ephraim  Prescott  [1796]  be  a  Committee  to  examine  the  Treasurer's  &  Clerks 
accounts  and  report  at  the  first  meeting  after.  Voted  that  Capt  Thomas  Clark  [1786], 
Mr.  Jonas  S.  Bass  [1789],  and  Mr.  E.  Prescott  [1796]  be  a  Committee  to  procure  silver 
eagles  for  the  hats  of  the  members. 

"Monday,  June  3d  1799.  This  being  the  Anniversary  day  of  the  election  of  officers 
for  the  Company,  they  paraded,  fifty-seven,  in  number,  at  the  Old  State  House,  and  at 
1 1  o'clock  marched  to  the  New  State  House,  where  they  received  his  Honor,  Moses 
Gill,  the  Governor  being  very  unwell,  and  a  large  number  of  other  Gentlemen  and 
escorted  them    to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  where  a  most   excellent   discourse, 


306  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [,79g 

replete  with  pious  and  patriotic  sentiments  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Emerson  of 
Harvard ;  after  which  the  Company  took  up  the  escort  &  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall, 
honored  with  the  company  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  where  a  most  sump- 
tuous entertainment  was  provided,  of  which  more  than  two  hundred  &  twenty  Guests 
partook ;  after  which  a  number  of  toasts,  and  good  ones,  were  drank.  The  Company 
then  proceeded  to  their  appropriate  Square  in  the  Common,  where  the  following  gentle- 
men were  unanimously  chosen  officers  :  —  Capt  Robert  Gardner  [1794],  Captain  ;  Capt 
Lemuel  Gardner  [1787],  Lieutenant;  Mr.  Thomas  W.  Sumner  [1792],  Ensign;  Mr. 
Ephraim  Prescott  [1796],  Mr.  Solomon  Phipps  [1796]  Mr  Benjamin  Coates  [1796], 
Mr.  Charles  Clement  [1795],  Sergeants;  General  John  Winslow  [1786],  Treasurer,  Mr. 
William  Walter  Jun  [1791],  Clerk.  Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers  be  a  Com- 
mittee to  wait  on  the  Rev.  Mr.  Emerson  of  Harvard,  &  return  him  the  thanks  of  the 
Company  for  his  elegant,  patriotic  and  pious  discourse  delivered  before  them  this  day,  & 
request  a  copy  thereof  for  the  press.  The  Company  then  proceeded  to  the  State  House 
&  escorted  His  Honor,  the  Lieut.  Governor,  the  Major  General,  Adjutant  &  Quarter 
Master  General,  and  a  large  number  of  very  respectable  Citizens  to  the  Square,  where 
they  performed  a  number  of  evolutions  &  firings  to  the  admiration  of  a  great  crowd  of 
fellow  citizens ;  after  which,  the  officers  of  the  last  year  delivered  up,  &  those  chosen 
for  the  present  year  received,  the  different  insignia  of  their  respective  offices.  They 
then  paid  the  salutes,  escorted  His  Honor  to  his  house,  &  their  invited  guests  to  the 
Hall,  where  was  closed  a  day  crowned  with  festive  joy.     Attest,    Wm.  Walter,  Clerk. 

"June  10th,  1799.  The  Commanding  Officer,  Capt  Robert  Gardner  [i  794],  ordered 
the  Company  to  meet  at  Faneuil  Hall  at  8,  p.  m.  when  the  following  card  was  read  : 

" '  The  Committee  appointed  by  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts  to  conduct  the 
funeral  of  His  late  Excellency,  Governor  Sumner,  request  your  attendance  to  join  the 
funeral  procession,  from  the  New  State  House  in  Boston,  on  Wednesday  the  12th  inst 
at  3  o'clock,  p.  m.  John  Coffin  Jones  Chairman. 

"'June  10th  1799. 

'"To   Capt  Robert  Gardner  [1794],    the  officers  and  members  of  the  A.   and  H.   A. 
Company.'' 

"Whereupon  after  some  observations  made  by  several  of  the  Members  upon  the 
rank  in  which  the  Committee  had  placed  the  Company  in  the  procession,  which  was 
almost  the  last ;  it  was  Voted,  That  from  respect  to  the  memory  of  His  late  Excellency, 
Gov.  Sumner,  this  Company  do  attend  the  funeral  in  uniform  with  ■  their  side  arms. 
Voted,  That  the  Commissioned  Officers  be  a  Committee  to  wait  on  the  Committee  of 
the  Legislature,  &  inform  them  respectfully,  that  we  had  accepted  the  invitation,  and 
to  adjust  with  them  the  proper  place  in  the  procession  for  the  Company's  rank. 
Adjourned  to  meet  at  the  Gun  House,  opposite  the  Common  on  Wednesday  at  2,  p.  m. 

Attest,     William  Walter,  Jr.  Clerk. 

"June  12,  1799.  Met  at  the  Gun  House  as  pr  Adjournment,  when  the  Command- 
ing Officers  informed  the  Company  they  had  attended  to  the  duty  assigned  them  at 
the  last  meeting,  and  that  the  rank  of  the  Company  at  the  procession  was  adjusted  to 
mutual  satisfaction. 

"The  Company  then  joined  the  procession  and  were  afterwards  dismissed  at  the 
Mall.  Attest,     Wm  Walter  Jr,  Clerk. 


j799]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  307 

"Monday  evening,  26th  August  1799.  The  Committee  appointed  to  examine  the 
Treasurer's  and  Clerks  accounts  of  the  past  year,  reported,  that  they  had  attended  to 
their  duty  &  found  the  accounts  of  each  right  and  the  balances  due  as  stated.  Thanks 
of  the  Company  were  voted  unanimously  to  Wm  Walter  Jr,  &  the  Clerks  who  have  pre- 
ceded him,  for  their  attention  to  the  duties  of  their  office,  and  for  having  presented  the 
Company  with  their  proportion  of  the  fines  &  entrance  money.  Voted  That  the  bond 
given  by  the  Treasurer  for  the  monies  in  his  hands  and  other  property  of  the  Company, 
be  kept  by  the  Commanding  Officer  for  the  time  being.  Voted,  That  an  assessment  of 
two  dollars  be  paid  by  each  member  to  defray  the  expense  of  the  two  Fall  trainings  & 
pay  the  balance  due  the  Clerk.  Benjamin  Hale  [1799]  and  Edward  Goodwin  [1799] 
unanimously  admitted.  Attest,     William  Walter  Jr,  Clerk. 

"  Monday,  Sept  2d  1799.  The  Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall  and  marched  to 
the  Common  where  they  unanimously  Voted,  that  it  was  necessary  there  should  be  a 
fourth  officer  chosen  by  the  Company,  to  perform  the  duties  of  Adjutant.  Voted,  That 
the  Commissioned  Officers,  Gen.  John  Winslow  [1786],  and  Col.  Amasa  Davis  [1786]  be 
a  committee  to  consult  with  the  Executive,  (Lieut.  Governor,)  the  necessary  measures  to 
carry  the  foregoing  vote  into  execution.  After  which  the  Company  went  through  their 
firings  &  evolutions  with  their  accustomed  accuracy,  marched  to  trie  Fortifications  [on 
Boston  Neck]  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall  &  were  dismissed,  after  which  they  partook  of 
an  excellent  cold  collation.  Attest,     William  Walter  Jr.  Clerk. 

"  Monday,  7th  October  1799.  The  Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  and  marched 
to  the  Common,  where  they  went  through  their  evolutions  and  then  marched  to  Copps 
Hill,  at  the  North  End,  and  performed  their  exercise  &  firings  with  great  Eclat;  they 
then  returned  to  the  Hall,  and  partook  of  an  excellent  cold  collation  provided  by  their 
Clerk,  pro  tern,  W.  D.  [probably  William  Dall  (1787)]  for  the  occasion. 

"Attest,     William  Walter  Jr.  Clerk:' 

The  anniversary  exercises,  on  the  third  day  of  June,  1799,  passed  off  with  complete 
success.  The  pleasure  of  the  day  was  increased  by  the  presence  of  the  President  of 
the  United  States,  John  Adams.  He  replied  at  the  dinner  to  the  second  toast,  "  The 
President  of  the  United  States.  The  solid  column  which  foreign  assailants  can  never 
break  nor  domestic  traitors  disorder."  The  President  concluded  his  address  with  the 
following  sentiment :  "  The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  and  Faneuil  Hall !  May 
their  principles  never  be  misunderstood,  perverted  or  misapplied." 

Rev.  William  Emerson  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1799.  He  was 
the  only  son  of  Rev.  William  and  Phebe  (Bliss)  Emerson,  and  was  born  at  Concord, 
Mass.,  May  6,  1769.  He  married,  Oct.  25,  1796,  Ruth  Haskins,  daughter  of  John 
(1768)  and  Hannah  (Upham)  Haskins.  Mr.  Emerson  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1789,  and  after  teaching  school  for  two  years  he  pursued  his  theological  studies. 
May  23,  1792,  he  was  installed  as  pastor  over  the  church  at  Harvard,  Mass.  From  this 
place  he  was  called  to  a  sphere  of  wider  influence  in  Boston.  Oct.  16,  next  following  his 
sermon  before  the  Artillery  Company  in  June,  1799,  he  was  invited  to  become  the 
pastor  of  the  First  Church,  in  Boston.     He  accepted,  and  continued  in  this  pastorate 

Rev.  William  Emerson.  Authorities:  Mass.  cord;  Appleton's  Cyc.  of  Am.  Biog.;  Ralph  Waldo 
Hist.  Coll.,  Vol.  I.,  p.  256;   Shattuck's  Hist,  of  Con-       Emerson,  —  His  Maternal  Ancestors. 


308  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND  [,8oo 

until  his  death,  which  .occurred  May  n,   1811,  in  the  parsonage,  near  the  corner  of 
Summer  and  Chauncy  streets. 

Rev.  William  Emerson  and  wife,  Ruth,  had  eight  children,  of  whom  one  was  the  late 
Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  of  Cambridge.1  Rev.  William  Emerson  became  a  member  of 
nearly  all  the  learned  and  charitable  societies  in  Boston,  and  in  most  of  them  was 
intrusted  with  some  important  office. 


/->  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1800  were:  Jonas  S. 

I  OOO.  ^ass  (J7^9)>  captain;  Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  lieutenant;  Richard  Austin 
(1792),  ensign.  Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793),  was  first  sergeant;  Joshua 
Eaton  (1796),  second  sergeant;  John  P.  Duncklee  (1796),  third,  sergeant;  Nahum 
Piper  (1794),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  John  S.  Lillie 
(1794),  clerk.  , 

In  the  year  1800  Amasa  Davis  (1786)  was  quartermaster-general  of  Massachusetts; 
Andrew  Cunningham  (1786),  deputy  quartermaster-general,  First  Division;  William 
Hull  (1788),  major-general  of  the  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia; 
Samuel  Swan  (1788),  deputy  quartermaster-general,  Third  Division;  Ebenezer  Mattoon 
(1817),  major-general  of  the  Fourth  Division;  John  Winslow  (1786),  brigadier-general 
of  the  Legionary  Brigade;  George  Blanchard  (1794),  brigade-major;  Benjamin  Russell 
(1788),  major  of  the  First  Sublegion ;  Elijah  Crane  (1819),  captain  in  Second  Brigade, 
First  Division  of  Cavalry.  Among  the  Company  officers  in  the  Legionary  Brigade  in 
Boston  were  Captains  William  Williams  (1789),  Asa  Hatch  (1801),  Amasa  Stetson 
(1796),  and  Daniel  Messinger  (1792)  ;  in  the  Sublegion  of  Light  Infantry,  Capt.  John 
Brazer  (1786)  ;  in  the  Sublegion  of  Artillery,  Capt.  Robert  Gardner  (1794),  and  Lieuts. 
John  Bray  (1788)  and  George  Singleton,  Jr.  (1792). 

Oct.  30,  1800,  Capt.  Messinger's  (1792)  and  Capt.  Stetson's  (1796)  companies  of 
Boston  militia  paraded  at  noon  in  honor  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  and  in 
the  afternoon  a  banquet  was  served  in  Concert  Hall,  at  which  the  President  and  other 
distinguished  guests  were  present. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1800  were  :  Henry  Brazer, 
Henry  Messinger. 

Henry  Brazer  (1800),  a  seedsman,  of  Boston,  resided  in  Cole  lane. 

1  The  following  lines  were  written  on  the  occa-  1814,  by  his  grandson,  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson,  (hen 
sion  of  Mr.  John  Haskins's  (1768)  death,  Oct.  27,      a  lad  of  eleven  years  :  — 

"On  the  Death  of  Mr.  John  Haskins  [1768]. 

"  See  the  calm  exit  of  the  aged  saint, 
Without  a  murmur  and  without  complaint; 
While  round  him  gathered,  all  his  children  stand, 
And  some  one  holds  his  withered,  pallid  hand. 
He  bids  them  trust  in  God,  nor  mourn,  nor  weep; 
He  breathes  religion,  and  then  falls  asleep. 
Then  on  angelic  wings  he  soars  to  God, 
Rejoiced  to  leave  his  earthly,  mortal  load; 
His  head  is  covered  with  a  crown  of  gold, 
His  hands,  renewed,  a  harp  immortal  hold; 
Thus  clothed  with  light,  the  tuneful  spirit  sings  — 
He  sings  of  mercy  and  of  heavenly  things." 


1800]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  309 

Henry  Messinger  (1800),  hatter,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Col.  Daniel  Messinger 
•(1792),  and  son  of  Daniel  and  Mary  Messinger,  of  Wrentham,  was  born  in  that  town, 
March  23,  1773.  He  married  (1)  Frances  Bowen  and  (2)  Esther  Gould.  His  shop 
was  No.  10  Dock  Square,  and  his  residence  No.  6  Winter  Street.  He  was  first  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1804. 

All  the  records  of  the  Military  Company  of  the  Massachusetts,  or  of  the  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  as  the  Company  is  called  at  the  present  time,  from 
the  first  record  now  existing  to  the  close  of  1799,  have  been  printed  on  the  preceding 
pages.  These  records  are  reproduced  with  a  careful  adherence  to  the  original  as  regards 
spelling,  capitalization  and  punctuation. 

The  annual  records  of  the  business  and  parades  of  the  Company  in  the  years  subse- 
quent to  the  Revolution  increase  in  length  year  by  year,  and  at  the  same  time  possess  a 
similarity  which  seems  to  forbid  their  reproduction  in  detail. 

Hereafter,  the  general  facts  of  the  records,  which  will  add  to  the  interest  and  value 
of  the  Company's  history,  will  be  presented  in  the  same  order  as  heretofore,  but  with  no 
attempt  at  exact  quotation. 

On  Saturday  evening,  Jan.  4,  1800,  the  Company  held  a  special  meeting,  "on  the 
mournful  and  distressing  occasion  of  the  death  of  the  immortal  Washington."  The 
Company  then  "  Voted  unanimously,  that,  in  testimony  of  the  high  respect  and  venera- 
tion of  the  character  of  the  illustrious  deceased,  Gen.  Washington,  this  Company  will 
appear  upon  their  parade  days  and  all  special  occasions  upon  which  they  may  be  on 
duty  during  the  present  year,  and  their  officers  on  Sundays  during  that  time,  with  the 
usual  badge  of  mourning:" 

At  the  meeting  Aprikn,  after  a  parade  and  drill  upon  the  Common,  Rev.  William 
Walter,  D.  D.,  was  elected  to  deliver  the  anniversary  sermon  on  the  next  election  day. 
The  Artillery  Company  afterward  proceeded  to  Charlestown,  and  after  a  variety  of 
firings  and  evolutions  returned  to  their  armory. 

Dr.  Walter  declined  the  honor  of  preaching  the  election  sermon,  and  the  Company 
elected  Rev.  Mr.  Kellogg,  of  Framingham,  who  accepted. 

Four  meetings  were  held  in  May,  1800:  May  5,  for  parade  and  drill;  May  12, 
26,  and  30,  for  business.  At  the  meeting  held  May  26,  the  Company  considered  the 
question  whether  there  should  be  a  fourth  officer  chosen  at  the  ensuing  election,  with 
the  rank  of  second  lieutenant,  and  called  "  the  adjutant."  It  was  determined,  by  a  large 
majority,  to  elect  such  an  officer,  and  the  commissioned  officers  were  appointed  a  com- 
mittee to  wait  on  the  governor,  inform  him  of  the  foregoing  vote,  and  request  him  to 
invest  the  said  officer,  on  election  day,  with  the  badge  of  his  office.  Friday  evening, 
May  30,  the  Company  met  at  the  senate  chamber,  in  the  Old  State  House,  and  after 
some  observations  by  Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786),  and  other  members,  the  subject  of 
having  a  fourth  officer  was  reconsidered. 

Monday,  June  2,  1800,  the  day  appointed  by  the  charter  for  the  election  of  officers, 
the  Company  paraded  at  the  old  Representatives'  Room,  and  being  formed,  under  the 
command  of  Capt.  Robert  Gardner  (1794),  marched  to  the  State  House,  from  whence 
they  escorted  his  Excellency  Caleb  Strong,  the  council,  Major-Gen.  Elliot  and  staff,  and 
other  gentlemen,  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-House,  where  the  sermon  was  delivered  by 

Henry  Messinger  (1S00).    Authority:  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1862. 


310  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,8oo 

Rev.  Mr.  Kellogg,  of  Framingham.  After  the  church  service,  the  Company  escorted  a 
procession  composed  of  the  executive,  legislative,  judicial,  federal,  state,  municipal,  and 
military  officers,  foreign  consuls,  and  others,  to  Faneuil  Hall,  —  which  was  decorated  in  a 
military  and  mournful  style  on  account  of  the  deaths  of  Gen.  Washington,  Gov.  Sumner, 
and  Lieut.-Gov.  Gill,  since  the  last  anniversary, — and  partook  of  the  usual  dinner.  A 
number  of  patriotic  toasts  were  offered.  The  third  toast  was,  "The  Memory  of  our 
departed  Washington  :  Our  aching  hearts  bear  witness  that  he  who  was  '  first  in  war, 
and  first  in  peace,'  will  forever  continue  first  in  the  affections  of  his  fellow-countrymen." 
The  response  was  by  Messrs.  Bowman  (1793)  and  Eaton  (1796),  who  sung  the 
following 

COMMEMORATIVE  ODE 

In  Honor  of  Washington,  —  Performed  on  the  Anniversary  Choice  of  Officers  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Company  of  Artillery,  June  2,  1800. 

Of  Caesar's,  Alexander's  fame, 

In  gorgeous  style  historians  write; 
But  Washington's  illustrious  name 
Reflects  a  clearer,  steadier  light, 

Whose  orb  refulgent,  while  it  blaz'd, 
Caught  splendor  from  the  clouds  it  raised. 

Great,  noble,  gen'rous,  good,  and  brave; 
In  war,  in  peace,  he  shone  the  same; 
His  deeds  shall  live  through  every  age, 
And  those  unborn  his  praise  proclaim; 
Time  shall  his  glorious  acts  enroll, 
While  godlike  actions  charm  the  soul. 

He  cheer'd  Columbia's  darkest  hour,  — 

He  made  her  infant  name  rever'd: 
Confirm'd  her  laws,  and  fix'd  her  power; 
By  Foes  admired,  by  Faction  fear'd. 

Then  thus  shall  sigh  each  patriot  son, 
Peace  to  the  Shade  of  Washington. 

Toasts  were  also  offered  in  memory  of  Gov.  Increase  Sumner  and  Lieut.-Gov. 
Moses  Gill. 

The  Company  proceeded  to  the  Common,  went  through  a  variety  of  evolutions,  etc., 
and  then  made  choice  of  the  following-named  officers  for  the  ensuing  year :  Mr.  Jonas 
S.  Bass  (1789),  captain;  Capt.  Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  lieutenant;  Mr.  Richard 
Austin  (1792),  ensign.  Mr.  Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793),  Mr.  Joshua  Eaton  (1796), 
Mr.  John  P.  Duncklee  (1796),  Mr.  Nahum  Piper  (1794),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow 
(1786),  treasurer,  and  Mr.  John  S.  Lillie  (1794),  clerk.  After  the  officers  were  com- 
missioned, the  proper  salutes  were  paid  the  governor,  and  he  was  escorted  to  the 
Province  House.     The  Artillery  Company,  with  many  guests,  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall. 

The  editor  of  the  Centinel  remarked,  "  This  festival  has  of  late  years  been  the  most 
splendid  in  our  political  calendar,  and  preparations  were  made  that  it  should  experience 
no  diminution.  Faneuil  Hall  was  accordingly  decorated  in  a  style  of  elegant  neatness 
evincive  of  the  industry  and  taste  of  Col.  Waters  [1769]." 

The  west  end  of  the  Hall  exhibited  the  reverse  of  the  seal  of  the  United  States,  viz., 
a  pyramid  unfinished,  in  the  suspended  top  stone  an  eye  in  a  triangle,  irradiated,  and 


1S00]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  3  I  I 

the  motto  "Annuit  cmptis,"  alluding  to  the  many  signal  interpositions  of  Providence  in 
favor  of  the  American  cause.  The  base  of  the  pyramid  bore  the  date  "  1776,"  and  the 
inscription  "  Novus  ordo  seculorum."  In  front  of  the  pyramid  was  a  portrait  of  Wash- 
ington, by  Stuart,  encircled  by  sixteen  hearts,  proper,  which  bore  in  gold  letters  :  "  We 
are  one,  and  Washington,  that  friend  of  mankind,  lives  within  us,"  alluding  to  a  sentence 
in  President  Adams's  address  to  Congress  on  Washington's  death.  Under  the  portrait,  a 
curtain  bore  these  words  :  "  By  Virtue  he  acquired  Glory  and  Glory  gained  him  Immor- 
tality." Over  the  portrait  a  crescent  bearing  the  words :  "  Nee  /a/so,  nee  alieno,"  — 
"  He  shines  neither  with  false  nor  borrowed  lustre."     Above  all,  a  festooned  curtain  bore 

the  couplet,  — 

"  We  '11  chant  his  fame  from  shore  to  shore, 
Till  suns  shall  rise  and  set  no  more." 

On  the  right  of  the  pyramid  a  large  urn,  on  a  pedestal,  bore  this  inscription  :  "  To  the 
Memory  of  his  late  Excellency,  Gov.  Sumner."  On  the  left  an  obelisk,  "To  the  Memory 
of  his  late  Honor,  Lieut. -Gov.  Gill." 

The  sides  of  the  Hall  represented  a  full  armory  of  firelocks.  The  two  brass  pieces 
of  artillery,  "Hancock"  and  "Adams,"  were  appropriately  placed;  mourning  emblems 
were  tastefully  arranged,  and  a  festoon  suspended  from  a  brilliant  star  in  the  centre  of 
the  ceiling  bore  the  words  :  "  Short  is  the  duration  of  human  life  ;  that  of  Glory  is  eternal." 

The  Company  held  two  meetings  in  August,  1800,  for  exercise. 

On  the  first  day  of  September  the  Company  paraded,  and  performed  its  usual  duty, 
and  also  on  the  sixth  day  of  October. 

Rev.  William  Walter,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election 
sermon  in  1800,  but  declined,  on  account  of  illness.  He  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Nathaniel 
and  Rebecca  (Abbott)  Walter,  and  was  born  in  Roxbury,  Oct.  7,  1737.  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1756.  He  married,  Sept.  30,  1766,  Lydia  Lynde,  of  Salem.  He 
was  inducted  into  office  as  assistant  rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  July  22,  1764.  In 
1767  he  succeeded  to  the  rectorship,  and  occupied  that  position  until  March  17,  1776, 
when  he  resigned,  and  accompanied  Gen.  Howe  to  Yarmouth,  N.  S.  At  one  period 
of  the  Revolution  he  appears  to  have  been  chaplain  of  De  Lancey's  Third  Battalion, 
and  in  1785  was  in  charge  of  an  Episcopal  church  at  Shelburne,  N.  S.  He  returned 
to  Boston  in  1791,  became  rector  of  Christ  Church  May  28,  1792,  and  occupied  that 
position  until  his  decease.  He  died  Dec.  5,  1800,  and  his. remains  were  buried  under 
Christ  Church,  Boston. 

His  son  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1 791. 

Rev.  David  Kellogg,  of  Framingham,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in 
1800.  He  was  a  son  of  David  and  Esther  (Smith)  Kellogg,  and  was  born  in  Amherst, 
Mass.,  in  1755.  He  was  prepared  for  college  under  the  tuition  of  Rev.  David  Parsons, 
of  Amherst.  He  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1775,  and  immediately  after  began 
the  study  of  divinity,  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Parsons.  Having  completed  his  pre- 
paratory studies  he  preached  in  Concord  and  Framingham.  His  labors  in  Framingham 
began  April  5,  1778,  and  were  continued  until  Dec.  7,  when  he  received  a  nearly 
unanimous  invitation  from  the  church  and  parish  to  become  their  pastor.     He  declined 

Rev.  William  Walter,  D.  D.     Authorities:  Rev.   David   Kellogg.    Authority:    Barry's 

Mem.  Hist,  of  Boston;  Sabine's  American  Loyalists.       Hist,  of  Framingham. 


312  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,8oi 

the  invitation  on  account  of  the  distresses  of  the  war,  but  did  supply  the  pulpit  until 
July  3,  1780,  when  the  invitation  was  repeated.  He  accepted,  and  was  ordained  Jan. 
10,  1781.  He  married,  May  27,  1781,  Sally  Bridge,  of  East  Sudbury,  Mass.  He  con- 
tinued as  pastor  of  the  church  in  Framingham  until  September,  1830,  when  he  retired 
from  the  pastoral  office,  and  spent  the  remainder  of  his  earthly  days  in  the  enjoyment 
of  a  vigorous  and  "green  old  age." 

He  died  Aug.  13,  1843.     "  He  was  a  true,  upright,  and  wise  man,  a  worthy  repre- 
sentative of  genuine  Congregationalism,  in  the  palmy  days  of  its  union  and  strength." 


p.  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1801  were:  Benjamin 

J  q0  I  ,  Russell  (1788),  captain;   George   Blanchard   (1794),  lieutenant;  Jonathan 

Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  ensign.     Joshua  Gardner,  Jr.  (1798),  was  first  sergeant ; 

Elijah    Davenport   (1797),   second  sergeant;  Benjamin  West  (1797),   third   sergeant; 

William  Jepson  (1797),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786)  treasurer,  and  Thomas 

Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

The  Winslow  Blues,  commanded  by  Capt.  Messinger  (1792),  paraded  on  Thursday, 
June  18,  1801,  for  the  first  time  after  the  incorporation  of  the  company  into  the  Sub- 
legion  of  Light  Infantry.  The  company  marched  to  Cambridge,  and  had  dinner  at 
Porter's  Hall.  The  officers  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  were 
invited  as  guests  of  the  company.  After  dinner  the  Winslow  Blues  marched  to  Cam- 
bridge Common,  completed  the  exercise  of  the  day,  and  returned  to  Boston. 

October  30  the  same  company  paraded  again,  in  honor  of  the  natal  day  of  the  Hon. 
John  Adams. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1801  were:  Samuel  Billings, 
John  Binney,  James  Bird,  Samuel  Bright,  Abraham  Butterfield,  Ezra  Davis,  Samuel 
Downer,  Richard  Edwards,  Jeremiah  Gardner,  Jr.,  John  B.  Hammatt,  Asa  Hatch,  Thomas 
Hillyard,  Daniel  G.  Ingersoll,  Samuel  Larkin,  Isaiah  Lucas,  George  Noble,  Isaac  P.  Simp- 
son, Samuel  Williams. 

Samuel  Billings  (1801),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Canton,  Mass.,  in  1772. 
He  came  to  Boston  in  early *life  and  established  himself  as  a  merchant.  For  many  years 
he  occupied  a  store  on  Long  Wharf,  in  connection  with  Thomas  Thacher,  his  son-in-law, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Samuel  Billings  &  Co.  He  married,  "Oct.  30,-  fSoS^  Nltsey- 
Martin,  He  held  several  offices  of  trust  and  responsibility,  viz.,  selectman  of  the  town 
of  Boston  in  1820  and  1821;  a  member  of  the  first  board  of  aldermen,  of  Boston,  in 
1822  ;  a  representative  to  the  General  Court,  and  also  a  State  senator.  For  many  years 
he  was  a  director  in  the  State  Bank,  then  the  largest  moneyed  institution  in  the  Com- 
monwealth.    He  was  highly  respected  for  his  uprightness  and  moral  worth. 

He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1804.  He  received  the  Masonic 
degrees  prior  to  Feb.  28,  1798,  when  he  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch 
Chapter.     He  also  held  office  in  the  Grand  Chapter,  June  8,  1801  ;  he  was  a  charter 

Samuel  Billings  (1801).  Authorities:  By-Laws  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter;  Whitman's  Hist.  A. 
and  H.  A.  Company. 


fff 


m 


1801]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  313 

member  of  Mount  Lebanon  Lodge,  of  Boston,  June  8,  1801,  and  of  Boston  Com- 
mandery,  Knights  Templars,  March  3,  1806.  He  died  at  his  residence  in  Boston, 
Sept.  18,  1847,  aged  seventy-five  years. 

John  Binney  (1801),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Amos,  Jr.,  and  Mary  (Prentice) 
Binney,  was  born  in  Hull,  Mass.,  Feb.  22,  1780.  He  married,  (1)  in  1804,  Sarah  Ann 
Callender,  daughter  of  Joseph,  of  Boston,  who  died  at  Wiscasset,  Me.,  in  18 14,  and,  (2) 
in  1818,  Judith  C.  Russell,  of  Boston.  He  removed  to  Boston  when  a  young  man.  and 
soon  became  interested  in  the  artillery  service.  He  joined  the  North  End  artillery  com- 
pany, and  rose  to  the  rank  of  captain,  a  position  he  held  from  1806  to  1808  inclusive,  and 
was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1804.  He  was  commissioned  as  captain 
of  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  Infantry,  United  States  Army,  in  1808;  commanded  the  forts 
at  Wiscasset,  Me.,  and  viciuity,  for  five  years.  In  1813  he  marched  with  his  company 
to  Burlington,  Vt.,  and  was  in  several  skirmishes  on  the  frontier.  In  18 14  he  resigned, 
and  upon  the  death  of  his  wife,  at  Wiscasset,  he  removed  to  Boston,  became  a  merchant 
and  a  large  ship-owner.  He  established  the  North  and  Granite  banks,  and  was  the  first 
president  of  each,  and  of  the  Treinont  Insurance  Company,  which  he  organized  and 
made  successful.  He  served  as  an  alderman  of  Boston  in  1831,  1832,  and  1833 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  Massachusetts,  and  projector  of  the 
"  Lessees  "  of  City  Wharf,  Boston. 

Capt.  John  Binney  (1801)  died  at  his  residence  in  Boston,  April  16,  1838,  and  his 
remains  were  placed  in  his  tomb  on  Copp's  Hill. 

James  Bird  (1801)  was  a  housewright,  of  Boston,  and  lived  on  Essex  Street  in 
1796,  and  Russell  Street  in  1803.  Mr.  Bird  (1801)  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1805,  and  ensign  in  1810.     He  died  in  May,  1835,  aged  sixty-three  years. 

Samuel  Bright  (1801),  of  Boston,  was  engaged  in  the  grocery  business  on  the  north 
side  of  the  market  in  1803,  and  resided  on  Union  Street. 

Abraham   Butterfield  (1801)  was  a  resident  of  Charlestown.     He  married  (i)  Mary 

,  who  was  "  born  June  5,  1772,  and  died  Aug.  22,  1802  "  ;   (2)  published,  Dec.  29, 

1805,  to  Jane  Peterson,  of  Brunswick.     He  removed  to  Machias,  Me.,  prior  to  1810, 
when  he  and  wife  Jane  sold  their  Charlestown  property. 

Ezra  Davis  (1801),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Reuben  and  Sarah  (Moore) 
Davis,  was  born  at  Charlton,  Mass.,  Sept.  26,  1774.  He  married,  June  28,  1797,  Mary 
Brazer,  daughter  of  John  Brazer  (1786).  Their  son,  John  Brazer  Davis,  joined  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1821.  The  father  of  Ezra  (1801)  dying  in  the  army  at  West  Point, 
Oct.  9,  1781,  the  son  was  brought  up  his  uncle,  Jacob  Davis,  of  Charlton.  At  the  age  of 
sixteen  years  Ezra  (1801)  came  to  Boston,  and  found  employment  as  a  clerk  in  the  store 
of  Capt.  John  Brazer  (1786),  on  Dock  Square.  He,  by  his  industry  and  tact,  became 
a  partner  in  the  business,  and  acquired  considerable  property.     Mr.  Brazer  (1786), 

John  Binney  (1801).    Authority:  Prentice  Ezra  Davis  (1S01).     Authorities:  Samuel 

and  Binney  Genealogies,  by  Mr.  C.  J.  F.  Binney,  a       Davis  and  his  Descendants,  by  Geo.  L.  Davis,  North 
son  of  Capt.  John  Binney  (1801J.  Andover,  1884,  p.  100;   Boston  Records. 

Abraham  Butterfield  (1801).    Authority: 
Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


3  H  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND  r^goi 

some  years  after,  retired  from  business,  and  Mr.  Davis  (1801)  conducted  it  alone. 
He  made  voyages  to  Europe  and  the  West  Indies,  became  interested  in  shipping, 
and  was  an  owner  of  vessels.  He  suffered,  with  others,  by  the  French  privateers. 
On  the  8th  of  February,  1813,  he  sailed  from  Boston  on  the  schooner  "Enterprise," 
bound  for  a  port  in  France.  March  to,  the  schooner  was  taken  by  the  sloop-of-war 
"  Lyra,"  put  in  charge  of  a  prize-master,  and  ordered  to  Corunna,  in  Spain.  Mr. 
Davis  (1801)  was  put  on  board  the  "Lyra."  March  21,  the  war  sloop  captured  the 
"  Gold  Coiner,"  of  New  York.  She  was  put  in  charge  of  the  second  lieutenant  of  the 
"Lyra,"  and  ordered  to  Plymouth,  England.  Mr.  Davis  (1801)  having  been  assured  by 
the  "Lyra's"  officers  that  he  would  not  be  held  as  a  prisoner  of  war  on  reaching  Eng- 
land, was,  at  his  own  request,  placed  on  board  the  "  Gold  Coiner."  On  arriving 
at  Plymouth,  he  was  directed  to  go  to  the  admiral's  office,  was  at  once  committed  to 
Mill  Prison,  and  was  afterward  removed  to  the  prison-hulk  "Hector."  He  was  in  Paris 
during  the  Reign  of  Terror,  and  saw  Robespierre  guillotined. 

He  was  the  first  ensign,  and  afterward  a  lieutenant,  in  the  Third  Company  (Wash- 
ington Light  Infantry)  of  the  Sublegion  of  Light  Infantry,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  from  1803  to  1806,  but  never  held  an  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  In  the 
latter  part  of  his  life  he  held  a  position  in  the  Boston  custom-house.  In  person,  he  was 
tall,  erect,  and  prepossessing  ;  in  disposition,  generous  and  social.  He  died  at  Roxbury, 
June  8,  1842,  his  wife  surviving  him  nearly  nine  years. 

Samuel  Downer  (1801),  merchant,  of  Boston. 

Richard  Edwards  (1801),  merchant,  afterward  an  auctioneer,  of  Boston,  was  an 
uncle  of  Major  Abraham  Edwards  (1822).  In  1803  he  was  engaged  in  the  West  India 
goods  trade,  and  had  two  stores,  one  north  side  of  the  market,  and  the  other  at  No.  3 
Ann  Street.    He  resided  on  Back,  now  Salem,  Street.    He  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  militia. 

Jeremiah  Gardner,  Jr.  (1801),  housewright,  afterward  a  contractor,  of  Boston,  son 
of  Jeremiah  and  Lois  (Stodder)  Gardner,  was  born  in  Hingham,  Oct.  18,  1776.  He 
married  Esther  Saunders,  of  Beverly,  Mass.  Jeremiah,  Sr.,  and  his  brother  Moses  were 
housewrights  in  Boston  for  several  years,  and  resided  on  Cambridge  Street.  Jere- 
miah, Sr.,  afterward  returned  to  Hingham,  as  did  his  son,  Jeremiah  (1801),  and  Moses 
settled  in  Beverly,  Mass. 

Jeremiah,  Jr.  (i8oi),was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1805,  and 
lieutenant  in  1809.     He  died  in  Hingham,  May  15,1826. 

John  Barrett  Hammatt  (1801),  upholsterer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  Ham- 
matt,  Jr.,  and  Mary,  his  wife,  was  born  in  Boston,  June  12,  1778,  on  Hanover  Street, 
where  Blackstone  now  crosses  it.  In  1808  he  resided  at  No.  57  Back,  now  Salem 
Street.  In  1792  he  was  apprenticed  to  Moses  Grant,  upholsterer  and  paper-stainer 
whose  shop  was  on  Union  Street.  In  1799,  having  completed  his  service  as  an  appren- 
tice, he  began  business  on  his  own  account,  on  the  same  street.  His  attention  to  his 
business,  his  integrity  and  perseverance,  enabled  him  to  acquire  a  competency  for  his 
support  in  old  age. 

Jeremiah  Gardner,  Jr.  (1801).  Authority:  John  B.  Hammaft  (1801).  Authority:  Hist. 

Lincoln's  Hist,  of  Hingham.  of  Columbian  Lodge,  by  John  T.  Heard  (1857). 


,8oi]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  3  I  5 

He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1806,  and  for  many  years  was 
deacon  of  the  church  at  the  north  part  of  the  city,  then  under  the  pastoral  care  of 
Rev.  Francis  Parkman,'D.  D.  He  moved  to  Alexandria,  Va.,  in  1815,  and  returned  to 
Boston  in  1830.  He  was  a  very  prominent  Freemason,  there  "  being  few  official  places 
in  Masonry"  in  Massachusetts  "which  he  had  not  held,"  either  in  the  Lodge,  Chapter, 
or  Commandery.  He  held  the  offices  of  deputy  grand  master,  grand  high  priest,  and 
grand  master  of  the  Grand  Commandery  of  Massachusetts  and  Rhode  Island. 

He  died  in  Boston,  June  9,  1864,  at  the  age  of  eighty-six  years,  and  was  buried  in 
the  Granary  Burial-Ground.  His  exemplary  and  useful  career,  through  a  long  life, 
earned  for  him  the  high  esteem  in  which  he  was  universally  held. 

Asa  Hatch  (1801),  of  Boston,  son  of  Asa  and  Phebe  (Sprague)  Hatch,  was  born 
about  1 77 1.  His  father  died  prior  to  1787,  when  his  mother  married  Henry  P.  Sweetser, 
with  whom  Asa  (1801)  was  living  in  1789. 

He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  held  the  office  of  major  in  the  Second  Sublegion 
of  Infantry  in  1803.     He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Thomas  Hillyard  (1801)  was  a  blacksmith,  whose  place  of  business  was  on  High 
Street,  and  his  house  in  Frog  Lane. 

Daniel  G.  Ingersoll  (1801)  was  a  watchmaker  and  jeweller  on  State  Street,  Boston, 
and  he  resided  in  Governor's  Alley,  now  Province  Street.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1805. 

Samuel  Larkin  (1801),  bookseller  and  auctioneer,  of  Charlestown  and  Boston,  son 
of  Ebenezer  and  Mary  (Oliver)  Larkin,  was  born  in  Charlestown  (baptized),  May  23. 
1773.  His  brother,  Thomas  Oliver  Larkin,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1799 
Samuel  Larkin  (1801)  married  Ann  Jaffrey.  In  the  militia  he  rose  to  the  grade  01 
major.     He  removed  to  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  where  he  died. 

Isaiah  Lucas  (1801),  of  Boston,  was  a  trader  at  No.  2  Doane's  Wharf,  and  resided 
at  No.  4  West  Row. 

George  Noble  (1801),  of  Boston,  was  a  shopkeeper  in  Marshall's  Lane.  He  was 
third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1805. 

Isaac  P.  Simpson  (1801),  mason,  of  Boston,  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artiller) 
Company  in  1804,  and  ensign  in  1809.     He  died  at  Boston,  in  May,  1842. 

Samuel  Williams  (1801),  of  Boston,  resided  in  Dorsetts  Alley,  which  ran  fron 
Brattle  Square  southerly  to  Court  Street.  -He  was  a  son  of  George  Williams,  who  cami 
from  Portsmouth,  England,  and  settled  in  Salem,  Mass.  Samuel  Williams  (1801)  firs 
commenced  business  in  Boston  as  a  flour  merchant.  After  some  years  of  success  (abou 
1807),  he  went  to  Europe  and  established  himself  in  business  at  Hamburg.     He  after 

Samuel  Larkin  (1801).    Authorities:  Wy-  Samuel  Williams  (1801).    Authority:  Wil 

man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;   Whit-       liams  Genealogy. 
man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


3 16  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1801 


ward  settled  in  London,  England,  at  No.  4  Finsbury  Square,  as  a  merchant  and  banker. 
He  was  considered  as  secure  in  his  pecuniary  circumstances,  and  "  safe  as  the  Bank  of 
England."  "  For  thirty  years  he  was  on  the  Exchange,  a  faithful  and  honorable  repre- 
sentative of  the  commercial  interests  of  the  United  States.  He  finally  became  embar- 
rassed in  his  financial  concerns  by  becoming  surety  for  his  friends,  and  returned  to  the 
United  States,  where  he  died." 

When  residing  in  Boston,  he  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain. 

Meetings  of  the  Artillery  Company  for  exercise  and  business  were  held  March  16 
and  March  23,  1801,  at  the  latter  of  which  the  following  regulations  were  adopted  :  — 

"Regulations  of  the  An.  &  Hon.  Artillery  Company  of  Massachusetts, 
Incorporated  1638.     Collated  from  the  votes  of  the  Company. 

"  1  st  Every  Candidate  for  admission  into  the  Company  must  stand  proposed  at 
least  one  meeting,  and  can  only  be  admitted  on  receiving  the  votes,  or  ballots,  of  a 
majority  of  two-thirds  of  the  members  present  at  a  regular  meeting.  He  must  be  21 
years  of  age,  and,  on  his  admission,  he  shall  pay  to  the  Treasurer,  five  dollars,  to  be 
added  to  the  funds  of  the  Company.  He  shall  sign  the  Book  of  the  Company,  and 
furnish  two  sureties  for  his  compliance  with  the  regulations  thereof.  He  shall  receive 
from  the  Treasurer,  a  Knapsack,  Canteen  and  the  Uniform  coat  vest  and  breeches 
buttons,  and  shall  pay  him  therefor. 

"  2d  Every  member  shall  be  thus  armed  and  equipped,  viz  :  With  a  good  musket 
and  a  sufficient  bayonett;  with  a  cartridge  box;  with  a  priming  wire  and  brush  ;  with 
twenty-four  rounds  of  cartridges  and  two  flints.  He  shall  have  a  knapsack,  canteen  and 
blanket,  (which  last  three  articles  he  shall  wear  to  the  field  on  the  field  day  in  April 
annually)  to  the  arms  and  accoutrements  there  shall  be  suitable  white  leather  calf-skin 
belts,  two  and  an  half  inches  wide.  The  Sergeants  shall  wear  yellow  silk  Shoulder  Knots 
and  sashes  worn  around  the  waist ;  they  shall  be  armed  with  halberds  and  hangers,  worn 
in  white  belts  over  the  shoulders,  two  and  an  half  inches  wide. 

"3d  Every  Member  shall  be  thus  uniformed:  the  hats  shall  be  cocked;  have  a 
gold  loup  and  uniform  button  ;  have  a  black  ribbon  cockade,  with  an  eagle  in  the 
centre.  The  coats  shall  be  of  deep  blue  broadcloth,  with  buff  facings  and  trimmings, 
with  blue  straps  on  the  shoulders,  edged  with  buff  to  secure  the  belts.  The  waistcoat 
shall  be  of  buff  Cassimere,  single  breasted,  with  skirts  and  pocket-flaps.  The  breeches 
also  of  buff  Cassimere.  The  coat  buttons  shall  have  on  them  this  inscription  :  '  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery,  1638.'  The  waistcoat  breeches  and  hat  buttons,  the  inscrip- 
tion, '  Incorporated,  1638.'  The  Gaiters  shall  be  of  fine  white  linen,  with  black  buttons, 
made  to  surmount  the  knees ;  these  are  to  be  worn  on  the  anniversary  election  of 
officers  by  officers  and  privates ;  on  other  field  days,  the  non-commissioned  officers  and 
privates  are  to  wear  quarter  gaiters  made  of  superfine  black  broadcloth,  with  plain  white 
cotton  stockings ;  the  officers  with  full  boots.  The  knee  straps  to  be  black,  and  the 
knee  buckles  yellow,  uniform  and  oval.  The  stock  to  be  white,  buckled  behind.  Shirts 
plain  at  the  wrists  of  the  non-commissioned  and  privates.  Hair  to  be  queued  and  locks 
dressed  close.     Shoes  short  quartered  and  tied. 

"  4th  The  duty  of  every  member,  on  his  admission,  shall  be  to  attend  the  drill  when 
ordered,  and  whenever  he  leaves  the  Company  he  shall  return  his  knapsack,  canteen  and 
buttons  to  the  Treasurer,  who  shall  compensate  him  therefor. 


,801]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  317 

"5th  A  member  who  shall  neglect  complying  with  the  regulations  of  the  Company 
for  one  year  shall  no  longer  be  considered  as  such ;  and  the  Clerk  shall  notify  the  delin- 
quent's name  to  the  officer  of  the  militia  within  whose  ward  he  resides. 

"  6th  The  field  days  fixed  by  Charter  are  for  the  Election  of  officers  the  first  Monday 
of  June  invariably ;  the  first  Monday  of  April,  May,  September  and  October,  if  suitable 
weather,  if  not,  on  the  Fridays  following. 

"  7th  Fines.  For  non-attendance  on  drill,  when  ordered,  50  cents.  Sergeants  for 
neglecting  to  attend  drill,  50  cents.  For  absence  at  roll-call,  25  cents.  For  absence  at 
any  meeting  ordered,  50  cents.  For  absence  on  Field  Days,  $2.  For  deficiency  of  any 
article  of  equipment,  ordered,  25  cents.  For  deficiency  in  ammunition,  50  cents.  For 
lending  arms  or  accoutrements  $5.  For  Sergeants  neglecting  to  warn  the  Company  in 
season  50  cents. 

"  At  a  meeting  of  the  A  &  H.  A.  Company  at  Faneuil  Hall,  March  23d  1801,  the 
foregoing  Regulations  were  ordered  to  be  printed  for  the  use  of  the  members. 

"  Attest,     Joseph  Callender  Jun.  Clerk." 

After  the  spring  parade,  April  6,  1801,  Rev.  John  S.  Popkin,  of  Boston,  was  chosen 
to  deliver  the  election  sermon  on  the  next  anniversary  day. 

Meetings  were  held  for  exercise,  April  20  and  April  27,  and  on  the  4th  of  May  the 
Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  marched  to  the  Common,  and,  after  their  exercises, 
returned  to  State  Street,  where  very  good  firings  were  made.  They  proceeded  thence  to 
the  armory.     May  14,  18,  25,  and  29,  the  Company  met  for  exercise  or  business. 

On  the  anniversary  day,  June  1,  1801,  the  Company  assembled  at  the  Representa- 
tives' Room  in  the  Old  State  House,  and  after  formation  proceeded  to  the  New  State 
House  and  escorted  his  Excellency  Caleb  Strong,  the  late  President  Adams,  Major- 
Gen.  Elliot  and  staff,  and  other  guests,  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting-House,  where  the 
sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Popkin.  After  service  the  procession  re-formed,  and 
proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall  to  the  anniversary  dinner.  Sixteen  toasts  were  offered, 
expressive  of  gratitude  to  those  illustrious  characters  who  had  served  their  country  with 
fidelity,  and  an  original  ode  was  sung. 

ODE. 

THE    YEOMEN   OF   HAMPSHIRE. 
Tune,  —  "Adams  and  Liberty." 

WRITTEN   FOR  THE  OCCASION    BY   MR.   PAINE. 

To  the  shades  of  our  Ancestors  loud  is  the  praise 

That  descends  with  their  deeds  and  inspires  by  reaction: 
To  the  heirs  of  their  glory  the  prean  we  raise, 

The  "Yeomen  of  Hampshire,"  the  Victors  of  Faction; 
Be  theirs  the  proud  tale 
That  tho'  Anarch  assail, 

Each  plowman  still  clings  to  the  stream  of  his  Vale. 
Chorus. 

Roll  on,  lov'd  Connecticut,  long  hast  thou  ran, 
Giving  blessings  to  Nature,  and  morals  to  Man. 

1 
Where'er  thy  rich  waters  erratic  display 

Thy  deluge  of  plenty,  like  Nile  overflooding; 
The  Mind  and  the  Season,  thy  impulse  obey, 
And  patriot  Virtue  and  Spring  are  in  budding; 


3l8  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,8oi 

While  each  leaf,  as  it  shoots, 
With  its  promise  of  fruits, 

Proclaims  the  thrift  moisture,  that  cultures  the  roots. 
Chorus. 

Roll  on,  lov'd  Connecticut,  long  hast  thou  ran, 
Giving  blessings  to  Nature,  and  morals  to  Man. 

Thro'  the  valleys  of  Hampshire,  bright  Order's  abode, 
Thou  lov'st  in  gay  circles  to  range  and  to  wander; 
While  pleas'd  with  thy  empire,  to  lengthen  the  road, 
Thou  giv'st  to  thy  channel  another  meander; 
And  when  on  the  way 
Near  Northampton  you  stray, 

How  slow  moves  thy  current  its  homage  to  pay ! 
Chorus. 

Roll  on,  lov'd  Connecticut,  long  hast  thou  ran, 
Giving  blessings  to  Nature,  and  morals  to  Man. 

Again  flow  thy  stream,  as  sublimely  it  roll'd, 

In  triumph  effulgent,  from  Freedom  reflected : 
On  that  festival  day,  when  Old  Anarch  was  told, 

That  his  arts  had  been  soil'd,  and  his  Foe  was  elected; 
When  thy  bright  waves  along, 
\  Re-echo'd  the  song, 

To  the   Christian,  the  Statesman,  the  Patriot  Strong. 
Chorus. 

Whose  course,  lov'd  Connecticut,  like  thine,  has  ran 
To  Cultivate  Nature,  and  moralize  Man. 

In  consequence  of  the  shower  in  the  afternoon,  the  Company  did  not  march  to  the 
Common,  but  made  choice  of  their  officers  in  Faneuil  Hall.  The  following  gentlemen 
were  unanimously  chosen:  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  captain;  Major  George 
Blanchard  (1794),  lieutenant;  Mr.  Jonathan  Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  ensign.  Mr.  Joshua 
Gardner,  Jr.  (1798),  Mr.  Elijah  Davenport  (1797),  Mr.  Benjamin  West  (1797),  Mr. 
William  Jepson  (1797),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Capt.  Thomas 
Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

The  rain  having  abated,  the  Company  marched  to  that  part  of  the  New  State 
House  afterward  called  Doric  Hall,  where  the  governor  received  the  badges  from  the 
officers  whose  term  had  expired,  and  commissioned  the  newly  elected  officers.  The 
Company  then  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall,  and  partook  of  a  collation  provided  by  Major 
Benjamin  Russell  (1788). 

A  pleasing  incident  occurred  in  the  morning  of  this  anniversary.  It  was  generally 
known  that  the  Hon.  Mr.  Adams,  late  President  of  the  United  States,  had  accepted  an 
invitation  from  the  Artillery  Company  to  be  present  at  the  exercises  and  entertainments 
of  the  day. 

Young  men  of  Boston,  at  a  meeting  held  on  Saturday  evening,  May  30,  at  Concert 
Hall,  determined  to  show  Mr.  Adams,  by  some  proper  mark  of  attention,  that  they  cher- 
ished sentiments  of  gratitude  and  regard  towards  him.  For  this  purpose  they  agreed 
upon  an  escort,' which  should  meet  Mr.  Adams  on  the  road  from  Braintree,  and  conduct 
him  into  Boston.  On  Monday  morning,  between  six  and  seven  o'clock,  the  young  men, 
on  horseback,  to  the  number  of  two  hundred,  assembled  near  the  mall.  These  were 
followed  by  fifty  carriages,  occupied  by  citizens  of  the  town.     The  escort,  augmented 


* 


IWVv      LSI 


^Vlli 


<-V/vO 


J802]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  319 

by  young  men  from  Roxbury  and  Dorchester,  proceeded  to  Milton  Hill,  where  it  halted, 
and  was  arranged  for  Mr.  Adams's  reception.  At  half  past  eight  o'clock  Mr.  Adams 
appeared  in  his  carriage.  The  object  of  the  escort  was  explained  to  Mr.  Adams  in  a 
formal  address,  and  the  procession  proceeded  to  Boston. 

This  event  seemed  an  anticipation  of  those  honors  which  succeeding  generations 
have  been  proud  to  confer  upon  the  illustrious  name  of  Adams. 

The  usual  parades  were  held  Sept.  7  and  Oct.  5,  1801,  and  a  meeting  for  drill  and 
business  Nov.  9,  when  a  committee  was  appointed  to  consider  the  expediency  of  making 
alterations  in  the  uniform  of  the  Company.. 

Rev.  John  S.  Popkin,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1801. 
He  was  a  son  of  Lieut. -Col.  John  Popkin,  Jr.  (1766),  of  Boston  and  Maiden,  and  was 
born  in  Boston,  June  19,  1 7 7 1.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1792,  with 
the  highest  honors.  After  preaching  a  short  time  in  Wenham,  Mass.,  and  London- 
derry, N.  H.,  he  was  installed  in  July,  1799,  as  the  pastor  of  the  Federal  Street  Church. 
He  succeeded  its  first  pastor,  Rev.  Jeremy  Belknap,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  William 
E.  Channing.  Mr.  Popkin  retained  this  pastorate  until  1802.  He  became  pastor  of 
the  First  Church  in  Newbury  in  1804,  and  resigned  that  charge  in  1815,  when  he 
accepted  the  position  of  professor  of  Greek  at  Harvard  University.  In  1826  he  was 
appointed  Eliot  Professor  of  Greek  literature,  as  the  successor  of  Edward  Everett  (1836), 
and  received  the  honorary  degree  of  D.  D.  from  that  university  in  1815.  In  1833  ne 
resigned,  but  continued  to  reside  in  Cambridge  until  his  death,  March  2,  1852. 


p.  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected   in  1802  were  :    James 

I  O02 .  Phillips  (1790),  captain;  William  Alexander  (1795),  lieutenant;  John 
Howe,  Jr.  (1792),  ensign.  Melzar  Holmes  (1798)  was  first  sergeant;  Peter 
Osgood  (1797))  second  sergeant;  David  Devens  (1798),  third  sergeant;  Edward  B. 
Walker  (1797),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  Thomas  Clark 
(1786),  clerk. 

In  April,  1802,  Gens.  Heath  (1765),  Lincoln  (1786),  Brooks  (1786),  and  Hull 
(1788)  were  requested  by  the  Secretary  of  War  to  report  on  the  situation  and  improve- 
ments necessary  to,  be  made  at  Fort  Independence  on  Castle  Island. 

On  Wednesday,  Oct.  13,  1802,  the  Winslow  Blues,  under  the  command  of  Capt. 
Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  paraded,  and  in  retiring  marched  into  State  Street  and  per- 
formed the  manual  exercise,  by  the  tap  of  the  drum,  with  the  utmost  precision. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1802  were:  Jacob  Hall,  Levi 
MelCher. 

Jacob  Hall  (1802),  distiller,  of  Boston,  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1806,  lieutenant  in  1813,  and  treasurer  in  1821,  1822,  and  1823. 

Levi  Melcher  (1802),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  dealer  in  West  India  goods  at 
No.  65  Long  Wharf,  and  resided  at  No.  74  Middle  Street.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1806,  ensign  in  1814,  and  armorer  in  1816,  1817,  and  1818. 
He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  St.  John's  Lodge,  Boston.  June  10,  181 2. 

Rev.  John  S.  Popkin.     Authority:  Popkin's  Memorial. 


320  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND 


[1802 


From  the  records  of  the  Artillery  Company  we  learn  that  on  Monday,  April  5,  1802, 
the  Company  made  their  first  public  appearance  for  the  year,  and  did  military  duty 
under  the  command  of  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788).  Rev.  Abiel  Abbot,  of  Haverhill, 
was  chosen  to  deliver  the  election  sermon  in  June,  1802. 

April  26,  1802,  Capt.  Bass  (1789)  presented  the  Company  with  an  engraved  plate 
and  buff  belt,  and  Capts.  Messinger  (1792)  and  Austin  (1792)^  belt  each.  A  public 
parade  was  also  made  Monday,  May  3. 

Monday,  June  7,  1802,  was  the  anniversary  election  day.  The  usual  exercises  were 
observed.  After  the  sermon,  the  Company  escorted  his  Excellency  Gov.  Strong,  Lieut. - 
Gov.  Robbins,  and  other  distinguished  guests,  —  among  whom  were  Major-Gen.  Lee, 
M.  C,  ex-governor  of  Virginia ;  the  Hon.  Mr.  Van  Rensselaer,  ex-lieutenant-governor  of 
New  York ;  Hon.  Mr.  Stoddard,  Secretary  of  the  Navy  under  President  Adams ;  Mr. 
Mason,  of  the  United  States  Senate ;  Mr.  Eustis,  of  the  United  States  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, and  Mr.  Otis,  secretary  of  the  United  States  Senate,  —  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where 
the  dinner  was  provided.     Ex-President  John  Adams  was  also  present. 

On  arrival  at  the  Common,  the  following-named  gentlemen  were  elected  officers  for 
the  ensuing  year:  Mr.  James  Phillips  (1790),  captain;  Mr.  William  Alexander  (1795), 
lieutenant;  Mr.  John  Howe,  Jr.  (1792),  ensign  ;  Messrs.  Melzar  Holmes  (1798),  Peter 
Osgood  (1797),  David  Devens  (1798),  Edward  B.  Walker  (1797).  sergeants;  Gen.  John 
Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  Capt.  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk.  The  governor 
approved  the  choice  of  the  officers,  and  delivered  them  the  badges  of  their  offices  in  the 
usual  forms. 

Nov.  29,  1802,  a  committee  was  appointed  to  procure  a  bass  drum  for  the  use  of 
the  Company. 

Faneuil  Hall  was  decorated  in  an  appropriate  and  elegant  style.  The  side  walls 
exhibited  an  armory  in  complete  order.  At  the  west  end  there  were  large  portraits  of 
"  the  worthies  of  New  England,"  among  which  were  those  of  Warren,  Bowdoin,  Hancock, 
Franklin,  Sumner,  and  Faneuil.  The  portrait  of  the  late  Gen.  Sumner  was  the  work  of 
John  Johnston  (1786). 

Rev.  Abiel  Abbot,  of  Haverhill,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1802. 
He  was  a  son  of  Capt.  John  Abbot,  of  Andover,  Mass.,  and  was  born  Aug.  17,  1770.  He 
attended  school  at  Phillips  Academy,  in  that  town,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1792.  He  was  an  assistant  teacher  the  following  year  in  Phillips  Academy,  Exeter, 
N.  H.,  and  the  next  year  was  principal  of  the  Andover  Academy.  During  these  years  he 
had  been  pursuing  his  theological  studies  preparatory  to  entering  the  ministry.  He 
began  to  preach  in  Haverhill  in  1794,  and  having  accepted -a  unanimous  call  to  the  First 
Church,  was  ordained  pastor  June  3,  1795.  He  married,  1796,  Eunice,  daughter  of 
Ebenezer  Wales,  of  Dorchester. 

His  ministry  was  successful,  but,  in  1803,  he  asked  to  be  dismissed.  It  was  reluc- 
tantly granted,  and  Dec.  14,  1803,  he  was  settled  over  the  First  Parish  in  Beverly. 
Success  attended  his  work  here  likewise,  but  in  1818,  his  health  failing,  he  was  obliged 
to  seek  rest  in  a  milder  climate.  He  returned  in  1819,  and  continued  his  labors  until 
1827,  when  he  passed  the  winter  in  Cuba.  In  May,  1828,  he  embarked  for  Charleston, 
S.  C,  where  he  arrived  on  a  Saturday,  preached  on  Sunday,  and  Monday  started  for  New 
York.  He  was  taken  ill,  and  died  on  the  following  Saturday,  May  17,  1828,  in  the 
fifty-eighth  year  of  his  age. 


1803]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  32  I 

^  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1803  were  :    Lemuel 

J  QO  3     Gardner  (1787),  captain  ;  Edmund  Bowman  (1793),  lieutenant;  Benjamin 
*-*     Coates  (1796),  ensign.     Benjamin  Hale  (1799)  was  first  sergeant ;  Charles 
Nolen  (1797),  second  sergeant;  Dexter  Dana  (1798),  third  sergeant;  Jonathan  Whit- 
ney (1797),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  Thomas  Clark  (1786), 
clerk. 

The  order  of  Gen.  Elliot  for  creating  the  Washington  Light  Infantry  is  dated  July 
7,  1803,  and  their  first  officers  were  elected  July  29.  Mr.  Blake,  who  was  elected 
captain,  declining  to  accept  the  place,  a  second  election  was  held  Aug.  14,  1803,  when 
Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793),  was  elected  captain,  Ezra  Davis  (1801),  lieutenant,  and 
Edmund  Monroe,  ensign.  This  company  appeared  in  public  for  the  first  time  Oct.  20, 
1803,  when  an  elegant  standard  was  presented  to  it  by  Col.  Robert  Gardner  (1794). 
After  performing  the  usual  exercises  the  company  dined  at  Page's,  in  Charlestown. 
The  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1803  was  Joshua  B.  Wood. 

Joshua  B.  Wood  (1803)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  St.  John's  Lodge,  Boston, 
May  6,  1806. 

March  28,  1803,  the  Company  voted  that  four  belts  be  procured  for  the  musicians, 
and  that  the  charter  of  the  Company  be  printed,  with  such  regulations  as  had  been 
passed  before  and  since  the  American  Revolution. 

April  4,  1803,  the  Company  paraded,  and  Rev.  Mr.  McKean,  of  Milton,  was  chosen 
to  deliver  the  next  anniversary  election  sermon. 

The  Company  paraded  May  2,  and  at  the  business  meeting  a  letter  was  read  from 
Rev.  Mr.  McKean,  informing  the  Company  of  his  inability  to  serve  them  as  chaplain 
the  ensuing  election,  by  reason  of  ill  health.  Rev.  Dr.  Morse,  of  Charlestown,  was 
unanimously  chosen  to  serve  as  chaplain.  The  Company  then  marched  to  Charlestown, 
and  the  committee  appointed  waited  on  Dr.  Morse,  who  accepted  the  invitation. 

The  usual  exercises  were  held  Monday,  June  6,  1803,  being  anniversary  day. 
Among  the  guests  were  Hon.  and  Major-Gen.  Pinckney,  of  Charleston,  S.  C,  and 
Silvanus  Bourne,  Esq.,  consul-general  at  Amsterdam.  Rev.  Mr.  Morse  delivered  an 
historical  discourse,  taking  as  his  text  Psalms  lxxvii.  5  :  "  I  have  considered  the  days  of 
old,  the  years  of  ancient  times." 

After  the  dinner  the  Company  proceeded  to  the  Common,  and  elected  officers,  viz., 
Capt.  Lemuel  Gardner  (1787),  captain;  Mr.  Edmund  Bowman  (1793),  lieutenant; 
Mr.  Benjamin  Coates  (1796),  ensign;  Messrs.  Benjamin  Hale  (1799),  Charles  Nolen 
(i797)j  Dexter  Dana  (1798),  and  Jonathan  Whitney  (1797),  sergeants;  Gen.  John 
Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk.  The  officers  resigned  their 
badges  to  the  commander-in-chief,  who  invested  the  newly  elected  officers  with  the 
same.     The  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall,  and,  after  a  collation,  was  dismissed. 

At  the  meeting  held  July  18,  1803,  Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793),  Capt.  Clement 
(1795),  Capt.  Bass  (1789),  Mr.  Jonathan  Whitney  (1797),  and  Capt.  Todd  (1786) 
were  appointed  to  learn  the  expense  of  fitting  up  an  armory  for  the  Company,  and 
report  the  same.  The  committee  reported  that  they  examined  the  chamber  over 
Faneuil  Hall,  now  occupied  by  the  Company,  and  find  it  can  be  put  in  order  for  an 
armory  at  an  expense  of  seventy-nine  dollars  and  fifty  cents ;  and  that  it  can  be  so 
arranged  that  all  the  guns,  knapsacks,  canteens,  drums,  musicians'  clothing,  etc.,  can 


322  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l8o4 

be  deposited  there.  Mr.  Bennett  agreed  to  take  care  of  the  armory  and  the  guns,  etc., 
for  one  year,  at  the  rate  of  fifty-five  dollars  for  fifty  guns.  The  Company  determined 
to  repair  and  arrange  the  room  for  an  armory,  and  to  accept  Mr.  Bennett's  proposal. 

The  selectmen  of  Boston  were  waited  upon,  and  their  permission  asked  that  the 
Company  might  take  possession  of  the  room,  which  was  granted,  and  an  assessment  of 
two  dollars  and  twenty-five  cents  was  laid  upon  each  member  of  the  Company,  to  defray 
the  expense  arising  on  account  of  the  armory. 

Rev.  Joseph  McKean  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1803,  but 
he  declined  on  account  .of-  ill  health.  He  was'  a  son  of  William  McKean,  and  was  born  in 
Ipswich,  Mass.,  in  1776;  His  father  soon  after  removed  to  Boston,  where  Joseph  attended 
the  public  schools.  He  was  prepared  for>  college  at  Andover  (Mass.)  Academy,  and 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1794.  He  engaged  in  teaching  during  the  next  three 
years,  at  Berwick,  Me.,  and  Ipswich,  Mass.,  academies,  at  the  same  time  pursuing  theo- 
logical studies.  He  was  licensed  by  the  Boston  Association,  and  soon  after  was  invited  to 
supply  the  Milton  pulpit,  made' vacant,  May  19,  1795,  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Robbins,  who 
delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1772.  Mr.  McKean  married,  in  1799,  Amy 
Swasey,  of  Ipswich.  He  was  ordained  pastor  of  the  Milton  church,  Nov.  1,  1797.  He 
held  this  relation  until  Sept.  30,  1804,  when  illness  compelled  him  to  relinquish  his 
charge.  After  leaving  Milton  he  spent  a  year  in  the  West  Indies,  then  returned  to 
Boston,  engaged  in  teaching,  and  represented  Boston  in  the  Legislature  for  two  sessions. 
In  the  fall  of  1809  he  succeeded  John  Quincy  Adams  in  the  department  of  oratory  in 
Harvard  College.  Illness  again  forced  him  to  seek  a  southern  climate.  He  died  at 
Havana,  Cuba,  in  18 18. 

Rev.  Jedediah  Morse,  D.  D.,  delivered  the  Artillery. election  sermon  in  1803. 
He  was  a  son  of  Jedediah  arid  Sarah  (Child)  Morse,  and  was  born  Aug.  23,  1 761,  at 
Woodstock,' Conn.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1783,  and  married,  May  14,  1789, 
Elizabeth  Ann  Breese,  of  Shrewsbury,- N.  J.,  who  died  May  28,  1828.  He  died  at  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  June  9,  1826. 

Mr.  Morse  was  pastor  of  the  First.  Church  in  Charlestown  from  April  30,  1789,  until 
August,  1819.  '  The  following  summer  he  received  a  commission  from  the  President  of 
the  United  States  to  travel  among  the  Indian  tribes  of  the  western  country,  to  ascertain 
their  true  condition.  Mr.  Morse  was  the  author  of  the  first  geography  printed  in 
America,  and  of  other  works.  He  was  the  leader  of  the  Orthodox  party  in  the  Unitarian 
controversy,  between  1804  and  1824.  Samuel  F.  B.  Morse,  the  famed  inventor  of  the 
electric  telegraph,  was  his- oldest  son. 


n  The   officers    of  the   Artillery  Company  elected    in   1804  were  :   Daniel 

J  qO^I     Messinger    (1792),   captain;    Charles  Clement    (1795).    lieutenant;    Elijah 

Davenport   (1797),    ensign.     Henry  Messinger  (1800)   was  first  sergeant; 

John  Binney  (1801),  second  sergeant;  Samuel  Billings  (1801),  third  sergeant;  Isaac  P. 

Rev.  Joseph  McKean.   Authorities  :  Teele's       Sprague's  Life  of  Rev.  Mr.  Morse;  Wyman'sCharles- 
Hist.  of  Milton;   Boston  Records.  town  Genealogies  and   Estates;    Budington's  Hist. 

Rev.  Jedediah  Mor-9e,  D.  D.     Authorities:       of  First  Church,  Charlestown. 


/  4. 


'^^^c^/^y^^^^ 


1804]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  323 

Simpson  (1801),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  Thomas  Clark 
(1786),  clerk. 

Tuesday,  Oct.  30,  1804,  the  Legionary  Brigade,  commanded  by  Brig. -Gen.  Winslow 
(1786),  and  composed  of  the  militia  of  Boston  and  Chelsea,  was  inspected  and  reviewed 
on  the  Common.  The  line  was  formed  in  the  forenoon  for  inspection,  and  in  the  after- 
noon Major-Gen.  Elliot  was  the  reviewing  officer.  The  line,  from  right  to  left,  consisted 
of  a  troop  of  cavalry,  commanded  by  Capt.  Purkitt ;  a  sublegion  of  light  infantry,  com- 
posed of  the  Winslow  Blues,  Capt.  Messinger  (1792)  ;  the  Boston  Light  Infantry,  Capt. 
Davis;  the  Boston  Fusileers,  Lieut.  Howe  (1792),  and  the  Washington  Light  Infantry, 
Capt.  Loring  (1793),  the  sublegion  being  commanded  by  Capt.  Brazer  (1786)  ;  a 
sublegion  of  artillery,  commanded  by  Capt.  Bray  (1788)  ;  three  sublegions  of  infantry, 
of  four  companies  each,  commanded  by  Major  Osgood  (1797),  Major  Stearns,  and  Capt. 
Clement  (1795).     The  field  was  commanded  by  Brig. -Gen.  Winslow  (1786). 

The  Major-General  and  Brig.-Gen.  Winslow  (1786)  expressed  themselves  as  much 
pleased  with  the  correct  and  soldier-like  conduct  of  the  troops,  their  martial  appearance, 
the  cleanliness  of  their  arms  and  equipments,  and  the  attention  paid  to  the  duties  of 
the  day. 

The  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1804  was  William  Marston. 

William  Marston  (1804),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1778.  His  place  of 
business  was  No.  20  India  Street,  and  his  residence  on  Leverett  Street.  He  was  first 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1806. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  enlarges  upon  the  "savage  temper"  of  Mr.  Marston  (1804). 
He  seems  to  have  made  himself  and  others  miserable  by  his  lack  of  self-control.  He 
died  at  Woonsocket  Falls,  R.  I.,  Aug.  8,  1836,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

There  were  public  parades  of  the  Artillery  Company,  under  the  command  of  Capt. 
Lemuel  Gardner  (1787),  on  the  6th  of  April  and  7th  of  May,  1804. 

Rev.  Mr  Joseph  Tuckerman,  of  Chelsea,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  anniversary 
sermon. 

June  4,  1804,  the  usual  duties  of  election  day  were  observed.  Capt.  Daniel  Mes: 
singer  (1792)  was  elected  captain;  Capt.  Charles  Clement  (1795),  lieutenant;  Mr. 
Elijah  Davenport  (1797),  ensign;  Messrs.  Henry  Messinger  (1800),  John  Binney 
(1801),  Samuel  Billings  (1801),  and  Isaac  P.  Simpson  (1801),  sergeants;  Gen.  John 
Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

The  usual  parades  were  held  Sept.  3  and  Oct.  1,  1804,  the  Company  being  com- 
manded by  Capt.  Messinger  (1792). 

At  a  meeting  held  Sept.  3,  a  committee,  consisting  of  Capt.  Messinger  (1792), 
Major  Russell  (1788),  Capt.  Clement  (1795),  Capt.  Loring  (1793),  B.  West  (1797), 
E.  Davenport  (1797),  Major  Blanchard  (1794),  Gen.  Winslow  (1786),  and  Capt. 
Phillips  (1790),  was  appointed  to  take  into  consideration  a  proposal  made  by  Col. 
Waters  (1769)  respecting  the  propriety  of  establishing  a  military  library. 

Sept  24,  at  a  special  meeting,  the  committee  unanimously  reported  that,  in  their 
opinion,  it  is  expedient  to  form  a  military  library,  to  consist  of  such  military  books, 
manuscripts,  etc.,  as  may  be  presented  by  any  person  or  persons  for  the  benefit  of  the 
institution.     A  committee  was  chosen  to  carry  the  report  of  the  committee  into  effect. 

William  Marston  (1804).     Authority:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


324  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,804 

The  exercises  of  the  one  hundred  and  sixty-sixth  anniversary  were  observed  as 
usual,  notwithstanding  the  storm,  except  the  Company  repaired  to  the  rotunda  of  the 
New  State  House,  rather  than  to  the  Common,  for  the  election  of  officers,  and  the 
newly  elected  officers  were  there  commissioned.  Faneuil  Hall  was  elaborately  deco- 
rated with  flowers,  evergreens,  etc.,  and  with  the  portraits  of  those  distinguished  patriots 
of  our  country  who  had  deceased. 

The  following  was  sung  at  the  anniversary  dinner,  June  4,  1804,  the  United  States 
having  just  acquired  Louisiana  by  purchase  :  — 

"  Whilst  England  and  France  madly  fight  for  a  rock, 
Or  an  April  chimera,  produced  by  foul  weather, 
By  prudence  we  've  gain'd,  averting  war's  shock, 
A  land  more  extensive  than  both  put  together. 
Chorus. 

"Tho'  we've  shown  to  our  foes, 

When  exchanging  of  hlows, 
That  our  flag  is  triumphant  whenever  unfurl'd, 

Yet  as  happiness  springs 

From  exchange  of  good  things, 
We  earnestly  seek  it  all  over  the  world. 

"  What  thousands  of  lives,  what  millions  of  money, 

Have  been  spent  to  acquire,  by  belligerent  powers, 
Louisiana,  o'erflowing  with  milk  and  with  honey, 
By  open,  plain  policy  honestly  ours. 
Chorus. 

"  No  widows,  no  orphans,  bedew  with  their  tears 
The  spot  where  our  banner  exultingly  flies; 
By  Spaniards  and  Frenchmen  we  're  hailed  without  fears, 
And  songs  of  thanksgiving  ascend  to  the  skies. 
Chorus. 

"  Prosperity,  harmony,  offspring  of  peace, 

Objects  cherished  with  care  by  the  man  of  our  choice, 
And  sanctioned  by  Providence,  still  shall  increase, 

Whilst  we  join  hand  in  hand,  and  unite  in  one  voice. 
Chorus. 

"  May  freedom  still  wider  and  wider  extend, 
May  nations  no  longer  each  other  destroy, 
May  they  only  be  rivals  how  most  to  befriend, 
And  like  us  all  the  blessings  of  union  enjoy." 
Chorus. 

Rev.  Joseph  Tuckerman,  of  Chelsea,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1804.  He  was  a  son  of  Edward  (1765)  and  Elizabeth  (Harris)  Tuckerman,  and  was 
born  in  Boston,  Jan.  18,  1778.  He  was  fitted  for  college  at  Phillips  Academy,  Andover, 
Mass.,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1798.  He  then  pursued  theological  study 
under  Rev.  Mr.  Thacher ;  was  licensed  to  preach  by  the  Boston  Association,  and  shortly 
after  was  invited  to  become  pastor  of  the  church  in  Chelsea  as  successor  to  Rev.  Dr. 

Rev.  Joseph  Tuckerman.    Authority:  Sprague's  Annals  of  the  American  Pulpit. 


,805]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  325 

Phillips  Payson.  Mr.  TucKerman  accepted  the  call,  and  was  ordained  and  installed 
Nov.  4,  1801.  He  married,  July  5,  1803,  Abigail  Parkman,  of  Boston.  She  survived 
her  marriage  only  four  years,  and  he  married  (2)  Sarah  Cary,  of  Chelsea.  On  Nov.  4, 
1826,  he  preached  his  farewell  sermon  in  Chelsea. 

Immediately  after  his  resignation,  he  entered  upon  the  work  of  minister-at-large  in 
Boston,  to  which  city  he  removed,  In  the  benevolent  activities  of  his  position  he  spent 
the  residue  of  his  life.  His  health  failing,  he  was  induced,  in  1839,  to  try  the  effect  of  a 
sea  voyage  to  Cuba,  but  he  continued  to  decline,  and  died  at  Havana,  April  20,  1840. 
His  remains  were  brought  home,  and,  after  funeral  services  in  King's  Chapel,  they  were 
borne  to  their  resting-place  at  Mount  Auburn. 


^  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1805  were  :  George 

J  QO  S«  Blanchard  (1794),  captain;  Melzar  Holmes  (1798),  lieutenant;  Nahum 
$s  Piper  (1794),  ensign.  Daniel  G.  Ingersoll  (1801)  was  first  sergeant ;  Jere- 
miah Gardner,  Jr.  (1801),  second  sergeant;  George  Noble  (1801),  third  sergeant; 
James  Bird  (1801),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer,  and  Thomas 
Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1805  were:  Nathaniel  Brown, 
Thomas  L.  Chase,  Nathaniel  Clarke,  Charles  Davies,  David  Forsaith. 

Nathaniel  Brown  (1805)  was  a  ship-joiner,  of  Boston,  and  lived  on  Ship  Street. 
He  was  a  son  of  Nathaniel,  Jr.,  and  Elizabeth  (Harding)  Brown,  and  was  bom  in 
Charlestown  (baptized),  Sept.  23,  1770.  He  was  quartermaster  of  the  Sublegion  of 
Artillery  from  1807  to  1809,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant,  and  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1807.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Mount  Lebanon  Lodge, 
of  Boston,  in  the  summer  of  1802,  and  was  discharged  Nov.  5,  1805.  He  became  a 
member  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  Jan.  25,  1804,  and  resigned  his  membership  Nov. 
14,  1814. 

Thomas  L.  Chase  (1805)  was  a  shopkeeper,  of  Boston.  He  was  an  officer  in  the 
United  States  Army  in  1812. 

Nathaniel  Clarke  (1805),  merchant,  engaged  in  the  West  India  goods  trade  on 
the  south  side  of  the  market.  His  residence  was  No.  71  Middle  Street.  Mr.  Clarke 
(1805)  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1807. 

Charles  Davies  (1805),  tin-plate  worker,  of  Boston,  did  business  at  No.  2  Kilby 
Street,  and  resided  in  Gouch  Lane.  Mr.  Davies  (1805)  died  in  1810,  aged  thirty- 
six  years. 

David  Forsaith  (1805)  was  a  shopkeeper,  afterward  auctioneer,  of  Boston.  Mr. 
Forsaith  (1805)  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1808.  He  died  sud- 
denly in  the  street,  April  9,  1824,  aged  fifty-two  years. 

Nathaniel  Brown  (1805).  Authorities:  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;  Records 
of  Mt.  Lebanon  Lodge  and  St.  Andrew's  Chapter. 


326  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [1805 

The  stated  parades  of  the  Artillery  Company  were  held  April  1  and  May  6,  1805. 
At  the  former  meeting,  Rev.  Thaddeus  M.  Harris  was  chosen  to  deliver  the  anniversary 
election  sermon. 

Monday,  June  3,  the  Company  paraded  at  the  Old  South  Church,  proceeded  thence 
to  the  State  House,  and  escorted  his  Excellency  the  Governor  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting- 
House,  when  the  usual  services  were  held.  At  the  dinner  the  usual  toasts  were  offered, 
and  the  election  was  held  on  the  Common.  Major  George  Blanchard  (1794)  was 
elected  captain;  Mr.  Melzar  Holmes  (1798),  lieutenant;  Mr.  Nahum  Fiper  (1794), 
ensign;  Messrs.  Daniel  G.  Ingersoll  (1801),  Jeremiah  Gardner,  Jr.  (1801),  George 
Noble  (1801),  and  James  Bird  (1801),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer; 
Capt.  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

Capt.  Messinger  (1792)  then  took  command,  Major  Blanchard  (1794)  being  indis- 
posed, and  exhibited  the  proficiency  of  the  corps  to  the  Governor  and  spectators,  after 
which  his  Excellency  commissioned  the  newly-elected  officers.  The  Company  returned 
to  Faneuil  Hall  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Melzar  Holmes  (1798). 

The  Company  paraded,  commanded  by  Major  Blanchard  (1794),  Sept.  2  and  Oct. 
6,  1805. 

At  the  dinner  sixteen  toasts  were  offered,  after  each  of  which  there  was  vocal  or 

instrumental   music.     "  Strong's  March  "  and  "  President's  March  "  were  played  by  a 

band,  in  reply  to  the  toasts  to  the  Governor  and  the  President,  and  "  Old  Hundred," 

"  Hail  Columbia,"  "From  Vernon's  Mount  behold  the  Hero  rise,"  and  "Yankee  Doodle," 

were  sung  by  the  Company.     After  the  eighth  toast,  "  Our  Military  Brethren  :  May  their 

virtues   adorn    the    country   to   which   their   lives   may   be   devoted,"   Lieut.    Bowman 

(1793)  sung  the  following  anniversary  ode,  which  was  written  for  the  occasion  by  the 

Rev.  Thaddeus    M.  Harris,  and  was    printed    in    the  Norfolk  Repository,  of    Dedham, 

June  18,  1805  :  — 

"Ours  be  the  sweetest  joys  of  life, 

Endear'd  by  mutual  love  and  peace, 
Secure  from  rancor  and  from  strife, 

And  all  that  hinders  their  increase 
'Round  our  blest  home  the  olive  grows, 
And  in  our  cup  the  vintage  flows. 

"  But  should  invasion  e'er  intrude 

The  cherished  quiet  to  annoy, 
And  war,  terrific,  fierce,  and  rude, 

Assault  the  asylum  of  our  joy, 
We  Ml  gird  our  swords  on  with  the  vine, 
And  laurels  with  the  olive  twine. 

"Our  independence  to  maintain, 

Our  Constitution  still  to  shield, 
Crowds  shall  assemble  on  the  plain, 

And  warlike  arms  with  valor  wield. 
Freedom  none  merit  but  the  brave; 
Let  cowards  skulk  into  the  grave. 

"  With  wreaths  be  every  soldier  crowned, 

Reap'd  from  the  harvest  field  of  fame; 
And  long  applauded  and  renowned, 

In  glory's  annals  shine  his  name. 
Honors  immortal  shall  attend 
The  heroes  who  our  cause  defend." 


i8o6]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  327 

After  the  toast  "The  Cherished  Memory  of  our  Immortal  Washington,"  Mr.  Eaton 
(1796)  sung  the  hymn,  "From  Vernon's  Mount  behold  the  Hero  rise,"  and  after  the 
toast  "  The  Farmer  of  Quincy,"  the  song  "  Adams  and  Liberty  "  was  rendered. 

Rev.  Thaddeus  Mason  Harris,  D.  D.,  of  Dorchester,  delivered  the  Artillery  elec- 
tion sermon  of  1805.  Rev.  John  Pierce,  D.  D.,  who  preached  the  Artillery  sermon  in 
18 13,  wrote  a  minute  sketch  of  Dr.  Harris,  which  was  printed  in  Sprague's  "Annals  of 
the  American  Unitarian  Pulpit." 

Thaddeus  M.  Harris,  son  of  William  Harris  by  his  wife,  Rebeckah,  daughter  of 
Thaddeus  Mason,  of  Cambridge,  was  born  in  Charlestown,  July  7,  1768.  He  married, 
Jan.  28,  1795,  Mary,  only  daughter  of  Dr.  Elijah  and  Dorothy  (Lynde)  Dix,  of  Worcester, 
by  whom  he  had  five  sons  and  three  daughters. 

Mr.  William  Harris,  teaching  school  at  Charlestown,  at  the  opening  of  the  war, 
moved  his  family  to  Sterling  for  safety.  He,  a  captain  and  paymaster  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary Army,  died  Oct.  30,  1778,  aged  thirty-four  years,  at  Sterling,  while  at  home  on 
a  furlough.  Thaddeus  then  went  to  live  with  a  farmer  at  Westminster,  and  attended 
the  district  school;  afterward  at  Templeton,  and  in  1779  returned  to  Sterling,  and  soon 
after  resided  with  Rev.  Ebenezer  Morse,  of  Boylston.  There  he  prepared  for  college. 
In  1782  he  visited  his  mother,  Mrs.  Samuel  Wait,  of  Maiden,  and  in  1783  entered  Harvard 
College.  He  graduated  in  1787;  taught  school  the  next  year  at  Worcester;  returned 
to  Harvard  to  pursue  his  studies,  when  he  was  appointed  sub-librarian,  and,  in  17911 
librarian.  He  began  to  preach  in  1789,  and  settled  with  the  church  in  Dorchester, 
Oct.  23,  1793.  He  resigned  this  position  Oct.  23,  1836,  the  forty-third  anniversary  of 
his  settlement.     He  died  in  Boston,  April  3,  1842. 

Dr.  Harris  was  a  member  of  the  Humane,  Charitable,  Peace,  and  Antiquarian 
societies,  and  overseer  of  Harvard  University.  He  was  prominent  in  the  Masonic 
Fraternity,  and  was  the  pioneer  in  furnishing  a  distinctively  American  Masonic  literature. 
He  published  more  than  forty  "  occasional  addresses  "  in  pamphlet  form,  and  several 
miscellaneous ;  also,  a  history  of  Dorchester,  biography  of  Father  Rasle,  "  A  Journey  to 
Ohio,"  Massachusetts  Magazine,  1795-6,  Constitutions  of  the  Freemasons,  1792  and 
1798,  and  other  works. 


^       *  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1806  were:  William 

I  OOO.  Alexander  (1795),  captain;  Peter  Osgood  (1797),  lieutenant;  William  Jep- 
son  (1797),  ensign.  William  Marston  (1804)  was  first  sergeant;  Jacob 
Hall  (1802),  second  sergeant;  John  B.  Hammatt  (1801),  third  sergeant;  Levi  Melcher 
(1802),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk, 
and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  for  a  century  and  a  half  has  been 
more  or  less  identified  with  Faneuil  Hall.  Its  original  home,  or  place  of  assembling, 
was  the  Old  Town-House.  It  was  a  condition  in  Robert  Keayne's  (1637)  will  that  the 
proposed  town-house  should  have  "a  roome  for  an  Armory  to  keepe  the  Armes  of  the 
Artillery  Company  &  for  the  Souldiers  to  meete  in  when  they  have  occasion."    An  armory 

Rev.  Thaddeus  M.  Harris,  D.  D.  Authori-  April  7,  1842;  Eulogy,  by  Mr.  Benjamin  Huntoon, 
TIES:  Sprague's  Annals  of  the  American  Pulpit;  before  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Mass.;  Proceedings  of 
Mr.  Nathaniel  Hall's  address  at  Mr.  Harris's  funeral,       the  Grand  Lodge  of  Mass.,  1873. 


328  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1806 


was  provided,  for  Feb.  13,  1733-4,  the  selectmen  met  to  view  the  small  arms  lodged  in 
the  town's  armory.  The  town-house  was  much  too  small  to  accommodate  the  General 
Court,  the  civil  courts,  officers  of  the  town,  etc.,  and  the  erection  of  Faneuil  Hall,  in 
1 741-2,  was  a  fortunate  relief.  The  town  officers  moved  in  1742  into  the  new  building. 
The  first  meeting  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  Faneuil  Hall,  according  to  the  Company 
records,  was  April  7,  1746.  The  next  meetings  held  there,  so  far  as  the  records  state, 
were  April  3,  1758,  and  April  2,  1759,  though  it  is  probable  that  the  Company  met  there 
every  year  between  1746  and  1758.  From  the  Boston  Records  we  learn  that  May  26, 
1760,  "the  Officers  of  the  Artilery  Company  desired  of  the  Selectmen  the  Liberty  of 
Faneuil  Hall  on  the  next  Monday  being  Artillery  Election  of  Officers  &  for  their  Com- 
pany to  Dine  in Voted  that  Liberty  be  granted." 

May  3,  1762,  certain  proposals  were  made  to  the  Company  by  some  of  the  members, 
viz.,  "1st  That  the  Company  for  the  future  break  up  at  Faneuil  Hall,  should  leave 
be  obtained  of  the  Selectmen  for  said  purpose.  2dly.  That  the  Governour,  Council,  &c 
be  invited  on  the  anniversary  of  the  Election  of  officers,  as  formerly  to  dine  at  Faneuil 
Hall.  .  .  .  3dly  The  Governour,  Council,  &c,  after  the  Election  of  officers,  to  be  invited 
and  entertained  as  usual  [at  Faneuil  Hall]."  And  it  was  further  proposed  that  "the 
eldest  Sergeant  provide  for  and  entertain  the  Company  at  Faneuil  Hall  on  their  muster 
in  September,"  the  second  sergeant  in  October;  the  third  sergeant  in  April;  and  the 
fourth  sergeant  in  May.  These  proposals  were  accepted,  and  "  to  stand  during  the 
pleasure  of  the  Company." 

It  appears  from  the  records  that  the  very  next  year  the  Company  held  its  meetings 
the  first  Friday  in  April,  the  first  Monday  in  May,  and  the  first  Monday  in  June,  at 
Faneuil  Hall,  and  also  in  subsequent  years,  which  implies  that  the  proposals  were  agree- 
able to  the  selectmen  of  the  town.  These  were  daytime  meetings,  or  parades,  while  the 
evening  meetings  for  business  were  held  at  some  one  of  several  taverns,  the  proprietors 
of  which  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company.  The  selectmen  granted  special 
permission  for  the  use  of  Faneuil  Hall  for  drills  whenever  it  was  asked,  the  last  request 
prior  to  the  Revolution  being  April  22,  1772.  After  the  Revolution  the  first  recorded 
meeting,  Oct.  19,  1786,  was  held  at  Faneuil  Hall.  The  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  has  met  there  regularly  for  more  than  one  hundred  years,  except  in 
a  few  instances,  when  the  enlargement  of  Faneuil  Hall  building  or  the  making  of  repairs 
has  prevented. 

The  original  Faneuil  Hall  building  was  one  hundred  feet  long  and  forty  feet  wide, 
two  stories  high,  and  would  accommodate  one  thousand  persons.  Dec.  29,  1773,  the 
people  of  Boston  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  for  determining  some  effectual  method  to  prevent 
the  tea  from  being  unloaded,  and,  "  it  appearing  that  the  Hall  could  not  contain  the 
people  assembled,  it  was  voted  that  the  meeting  be  immediately  adjourned  to  the  Old 
South  Meeting-House,  leave  having  been  obtained  for  this  purpose."  The  town  felt  the 
need  of  a  larger  hall.  It  was  sufficient  for  the  transaction  of  ordinary  town  business, 
yet  on  every  interesting  occasion,  when  great  numbers  of  the  inhabitants  were  assem- 
bled, it  became  necessary  to  adjourn  to  some  larger  building.  After  a  time  the  pro- 
prietors of  the  places  of  worship  became  unwilling  to  admit  such  large  numbers  to  the 
free  use  of  their  buildings.  The  town  being  thus  destitute  of  suitable  accommodations 
for  large  assemblies  of  people,  the  selectmen,  on  the  ninth  day  of  May,  1805,  offered  to 
the  town  a  plan  for  the  enlargement  of  Faneuil  Hall,  which  was  accepted,  and  the 
selectmen  were  directed  to  carry  it  into  effect. 


•■     m  1   IB: 


I   rr< 


1806]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  329 

Two  years  prior  to  this  suggestion  the  Artillery  Company  had  made  an  attempt  to 
obtain  a  new  armory,  etc.  In  the  original  building  there  was  considerable  unoccupied 
space  between  the  ceiling  of  the  Hall  and  the  roof.  A  committee  was  appointed  to 
learn  the  expense  of  fitting  up  an  armory  for  the  Company  in  the  attic.  The  estimated 
cost  was  seventy-nine  dollars  and  fifty  cents.  The  Company  obtained  the  permission 
of  the  selectmen  to  take  possession  of  the  attic,  an  assessment  was  levied  upon  the 
members,  and  the  new  armory  was  completed  and  occupied.  This  probably  accounts 
for  the  arrangement  of  the  headquarters  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  the  present 
building. 

The  plan  proposed  by  the  selectmen  provided  for  a  building  twice  as  wide,  i.  e., 
eighty  feet,  and  a  third  story  added.  The  picture  of  Faneuil  Hall  as  it  appeared  in 
1826,  from  Snow's  "History  of  Boston,"  shows  by  its  white  lines  the  relative  size  of  the 
original  building. 

In  February,  1806,  "the  agents  appointed  to  superintend  the  enlargement  of 
Faneuil  Hall  gave  a  Raising  Supper  to  the  artisans  and  workmen  employed  on  that 
stately  and  beautiful  edifice.  The  fathers  of  the  town,  and  a  number  of  the  municipal 
officers,  were  present.  The  repast  was  abundant,  and  concluded  with  libations  to  ten 
excellent  toasts."1  The  enlargement  proceeded  with  uncommon  despatch,  and  without 
accident,  and,  in  twelve  months  from  the  beginning  of  the  work,  was  completed  to 
general  satisfaction. 

The  Artillery  Company  occupied  the  old  Faneuil  Hall  on  the  first  Monday  in  June, 
1805,  and  the  new  Faneuil  Hall  on  the  first  Monday  in  June,  1806.  On  the  latter 
occasion  the  following  toast  was  offered  :  "  New  Faneuil  Hall.  May  its  walls  ever  echo 
the  dignified  sentiments  of  rational  liberty  to  remotest  posterity." 

Since  the  enlargement  of  the  building,  the  apartments  called  "  the  armory  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company"  have  remained  practically  as  they  are  at 
present.  In  the  centre,  running  lengthwise  of  the  building,  there  is  a  commodious  hall, 
about  seventy-five  feet  by  thirty  feet,  and  on  either  side  a  series  of  several  rooms  adjoin- 
ing, each  about  twenty-five  feet  square.  For  many  years  after  the  enlargement  these  vari- 
ous rooms  were  occupied  by  the  companies  of  the  Boston  regiment  and  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  as  armories,  and  the  large  hall  was  used  in  common.  As 
the  years  passed,  some  of  these  companies  were  disbanded,  and  others  obtained  new 
armories  in  other  buildings,  until  the  Artillery  Company  became  the  sole  occupant,  and 
•  occupied,  as  now,  the  hall  and  all  the  adjacent  rooms.  These  apartments  are  used  for 
offices,  gun-rooms,  picture  gallery,  library,  museum,  etc.,  and  are  stored  with  precious 
relics  and  heirlooms. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1806  were  :  John  Banister, 
Caswell  Beal,  Stephen  Bean,  William  Bowman,  Josiah  Calef,  Benjamin  Clark,  William 
Coffin,  Jr.,  Thomas  Dean,  Caleb  Eddy,  Robert  Fennelly,  Henry  Fowle,  David  Francis, 
Benjamin  Fuller,  William  Howe,  Henry  Hutchinson,  Jonathan  Kilham,  Thomas  C.  Legate, 
James  Penniman,  John  Pickens,  Jr.,  Andrew  Sigourney,  Samuel  Waldron. 

John  Banister  (1806),  cooper,  of  Boston,  resided  on  Purchase  Street.  Mr.  Ban- 
ister married  (probably  for  the  second  time),  Feb.  10,  1811,  Mary  Cunningham.  He  was 
third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1810.  He  removed  to  New  Orleans,  La., 
and  died  there  about   1824. 

1  Columbian  Centinel,  Feb.  8,  1806. 


330  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,806 

Caswell  Beal  (1806),  tailor,  of  Boston,  son  of  Benjamin  and  Martha  (Thaxter) 
Beal,  of  Hingham,  was  born  in  that  town  June  18,  17783  and  learned,  in  Boston,  the 
tailor's  trade.  He  married  Hannah  Jacob,  who  survived  him.  He  carried  on  the  tailor- 
ing business  for  a  few  years,  on  his  own  account,  in  the  Old  State  House.  He  was  an 
active  and  zealous  politician,  but  of  a  pleasant  and  social  disposition. 

Mr.  Beal  (1806)  was  ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Legionary  Brigade,  from  1809 
to  1813  inclusive;  lieutenant  in  1814;  captain  in  1815,  and  colonel  in  1816;  was  third 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1809,  and  ensign  in  1813.  He  could  not  withstand 
the  New  England  climate,  but  was  obliged  to  seek  the  warmer  South.  He  received  the 
Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in  181 1.  He  died  at  New  Orleans,  La., 
in  March,  1817. 

Stephen  Bean  (1806),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joshua  Bean,  of  Gilmanton,  N.  H., 
was  born  in  Brentwood,  N.  H.,  in  1772.  He  was  fitted  for  college  by  Rev.  Isaac  Smith, 
and  graduated  at  Dartmouth  in  1798.  He  taught  in  the  academy  at  Salisbury,  N.  H., 
for  a  short  time,  then  moved  to  Boston  and  "  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits."  '  He 
married,  in  Boston,  May  4,  1808,  Miss  Susan  Hubbart,  a  lady  of  wealth.  He  became  a 
member  of  Columbian  Lodge,  July  4,  1804;  was  secretary  in  1805,  senior  warden  in 
1806,  and  master  in  1807-8.  He  joined  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  April  2,  1806;  received 
the  orders  in  Boston  Commandery,  Knights  Templars,  Oct.  29,  1806,  and  became  a  mem- 
ber, Aug.  10,  1816.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  died  in 
Boston,  Dec.  10,  1825,  aged  fifty-three  years. 

William  Bowman  (1806),  hatter,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Lucy  (Sumner2) 
Bowman,  was  born  in  Dorchester,  Aug.  31,  1782.  He  was  a  cousin  of  Gen.  W.  H.  Sum- 
ner (1819).     He  "never  married,"  according  to  Mr.  Bond's  "History  of  Watertown." 

Mr.  Bowman  (1806)  manufactured  hats,  and  kept  a  store  on  Ann  Street,  but, 
having  failed  in  business,  he  lost  all  ambition,  and  had  no  heart  to  struggle  against 
his  troubles.  Some  of  the  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  became  interested  in  him, 
and  obtained  for  him  a  commission  as  ensign  in  the  army  of  1812'.  He  immediately 
repaired  to  Sackett's  Harbor,  engaged  in  several  battles,  particularly  Fort  Erie  and 
Bridgewater,  where  he  displayed  many  acts  of  valor,  and  was  promoted  to  be  a  captain 
in  Col.  Miller's  regiment.  Upon  the  restoration  of  peace  he  returned  to  Boston,  and 
resumed  his  occupation.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1808. 
He  died  at  Cambridgeport  in  1820. 

Josiah  Calef  (1806),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Kingston,  N.  H.,  May  21 
1782.     His  father,  Joseph,  was  a  Revolutionary  soldier,  and  his  mother  was  a  daughter 
of  Josiah  Bartlett,  M.  D.,    a  signer  of  the   Declaration  of  Independence.      Mr.  Calef 
(1806)  removed  to  Boston  about  1800. 

Caswell    Beal   (1S06).      Authorities:   Lin-  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1854;   Genealogy 

coin's  Hist,  of  Hingbam;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  of  Sumner  Family. 

H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Josiah  Calef  (1806).     Authorities:   Whit- 

Mech.  Association;    Mass.  Military  Archives.  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1.842;  The 

Stephen  Bean  (1806).  Authorities:  Whit-  Massachusetts  Lodge,  —  One  Hundred  and  Twenty- 
man's    Hist.   A.  and    H.    A.  Company,  Ed.   1842;  fifth  Anniversary. 

Hist,   of   Columbian   Lodge,  by  John  T.  Heard,  p.  '  The  history  of  Gilmanton  states  that  he  "  en- 

496.  gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,"  but  on  the  roll  of  the 

William    Bowman     (1806).      Authorities:  Artillery  Company  he  is  called  a  lawyer. 
Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  2  She  was  a  sister  of  Gov.  Increase  Sumner. 


OLD    FLAG    OF   THE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


,8o6J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  33  I 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  that  "Mr.  Calef  [1806]  was  a  descendant  of  Robert 
Calfe,  Jr.,  who  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  17 10.  .  .  .  He  was  much  respected  for 
his  philanthropy." 

Josiah  Calef  (1806)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in 
November,  1806,  and  February,  1807  ;  became  a  member,  March  30,  1807,  and  demitted 
March  30,  1827.  He  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  Oct.  26,  1808,  and 
demitted  in  January,  1832. 

Mr.  Calef  (1806)  removed  to  Saco,  Me.,  in  i8n,and  erected  works  for  making  nails, 
which  he  carried  on  jointly  with  others  until  1836.  He  was  a  prominent  citizen  of  Saco, 
—  a  director  in  various  banks,  insurance  companies,  etc.,  and  a  director  of  the  Portland, 
Saco  &  Portsmouth  Railroad  from  its  organization.     He  died  March  2,  1863. 

Benjamin  Clark  (1806),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  18 10. 

"The  Tea  Leaves  of  1773"  says,  "Benjamin  Clarke  was  a  cooper  in  Ship  Street,  and 
in  1807  resided  in  Prince  Street.  He  became  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable 
Mechanic  Association  in  1801  ;  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in 
1806,  and  died  in  1840." 

Mr.  Clark  of  the  Artillery  Company  did  not  use  the  final  "  e "  in  spelling  his 
name,  and  his  autograph  on  the  Company  records  is  quite  different  from  that  given  in 
"The  Tea  Leaves."  If  Benjamin  Clarke  was  a  cooper,  then  the  Benjamin  Clark  of  the 
Artillery  Company  was  more  probably  the  merchant  who  resided  at  No.  30  Marlborough 
Street,  Boston.     If  so,  he  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 10. 

William  Coffin,  Jr.  (1806),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Mary  Coffin, 
was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  29,  1758. 

Thomas  Dean  (1806),  printer  and  broker,  of  Boston,  the  only  child  of  Thomas 
and  Martha  (Low)  Dean,  was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  13,  1779.  He  was  a  descendant,  in 
the  sixth  generation,  from  John  Dane,  who  came  from  England  in  1636,  and  settled  in 
Roxbury,  Mass.  The  name  was  spelled  Dane  until  Thomas,  the  father  of  Thomas 
(1806),  changed  it  to  Dean.  Hon.  Nathan  Dane,  who  established  the  law  school  at 
Harvard,  was  a  cousin  of  Thomas  Dean,  Sr.  The  last  named  was  a  Revolutionary 
soldier ;  was  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill ;  was  captured  by  the  British  in  the  fall  of 
1778,  carried  to  Barbadoes  as  a  prisoner,  where  he  was  killed,  at  the  age  of  twenty-six 
years,  in  March,  1780,  by  a  hurricane.  He  never  saw  his  son  Thomas  (1806).  Mr. 
Dean  (1806)  married,  June  7,  1801,  Nancy  Harris  Grubb,  of  Boston,  who  died  May 
22,  1835,  aged  fifty-four  years. 

Thomas  Dean  (1806)  served  his  time  with  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  learning 
the  printer's  trade.  The  firm  of  Gilbert  &  Dean  was  established  at  Nos.  3  and  16  Old 
State  House,  and  did  a  broker's  commission  business.  Mr.  Gilbert  was  likewise  a 
printer,  and  was  a  fellow-apprentice  with  Mr.  Dean  (1806)  in  the  newspaper  office 
of  Major  Russell  (1788).  Oct.  30,  1802,  Gilbert  &  Dean  began  the  publication 
of  the  "Boston  Weekly  Magazine"  at  their  printing-office,  No.  56  State  Street,  next  at 
78  State  Street,  and  the  magazine  was  discontinued  Oct.  19,  1805.     The  Massachusetts 

Thomas  Dean  (1806).  Authorities:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  MS. 
of  Mrs.  Adelaide  E.  Cordis,  granddaughter  of  Major  Thomas  Dean  ( 1806),  Medford,  Mass. 


332  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l8o6 

Bank  held  a  mortgage  on  the  Exchange  Coffee-House,  which  was  transferred  to  Gilbert 
&  Dean  just  prior  to  the  destruction  of  that  property  by  fire  in  1818.  The  forty 
thousand  dollars  thus  invested  by  the  firm  was  a  total  loss,  but  the  firm  continued  in 
business  until  1823,  when  it  was  mutually  dissolved.  Major  Thomas  Dean  (1806)  and 
Thomas  W.  Hooper  then  formed  a  partnership  in  the  same  business,  and  carried  it  on  in 
the  Old  State  House.     This  relation  continued  until  Major  Dean's  (1806)  death. 

Thomas  Dean  (1806)  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  First  Sublegion  of  Infantry  in  1803  ; 
was  commissioned  captain  in  the  military  company  in  Wards  8  and  9,  Legionary  Brigade, 
Oct.  5,  1804,  in  which  position  he  served  until  March  2,  18 10,  when  he  was  commis- 
sioned major  of  the  Second  Regiment  of  Infantry  in  the  Legionary  Brigade  of  the  First 
Division,.  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia.  His  commission  as  major  is  in  the  archives 
of  the  Artillery  Company.  He  was  in  active  service  as  major  in  the  War  of  1812-14 
from  Sept.  13  to  Nov.  7,  1814,  at  South  Boston.  He  was  also  first  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1808,  lieutenant  in  1812,  and  its  captain  in  1819.  He  was  made 
an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822. 

Thomas  Dean  (1806),  with  his  family,  attended  the  Old  South  Church.  From  1807 
to  1819  he  resided  at  No.  17  Cook's  Court,  now  Chapman  Place,  east  side  of  the  Parker 
House.  The  house  is  still  standing.  From  1819  to  1826  Mr.  Dean  (1806)  resided  at 
the  corner  of  Tremont  and  Hollis  streets.  There  he  died,  Sept.  9,  1826,  in  his  forty- 
ninth  year,  and  his  remains  were  placed  in  his  tomb,  No.  201,  in  the  Granary  Burial- 
Ground.     The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  attended  his  funeral. 

Caleb  Eddy  (1806),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Benjamin  Eddy,  a  master 
mariner,  was  of  the  firm  of  Bemis  &  Eddy,  ship-chandlers,  8  Long  Wharf.  Mr.  Eddy 
(1806)  resided  on  Snow-hill  Street. 

Robert   Fennelly  (1806),  apothecary,  of   Boston,  son  of   and   Sarah   (Bell) 

Fennelly,  was  born  March  22,  1775.  His  father  was  of  foreign  birth.  He  married 
Sarah  Bell,  a  sister  of  Capt.  Bell  (1756).  Robert  Fennelly's  (1806)  wife,  Elizabeth, 
after  his  decease  married  Nathan  Gurney.     Dr.  Fennelly  (1806)  left  no  children. 

He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1810,  and  lieutenant  in  1815  ; 
selectman  of  Boston  in  1821;  of  the  common  council  in  1825;  board  of  aldermen  in 
1827  and  1828,  and  representative  to  the  General  Court.  He  sustained  public  office 
with  honor  to  himself,  and  to  the  unusual  satisfaction  of  his  constituents.  In  1822  he 
was  made  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company. 

"He  was  warden  of  Christ  Church  [1805-11],  but  joined  the  Baptists.  While 
warden,  the  minister  and  church  members,  male  and  female,  met  at  his  house.  He  had 
just  obtained  a  demijohn  of  old  wine  to  compound  into  medicine,  and  had  unfortunately 
placed  it  beside  a  similar  demijohn  of  ipecac  in  the  shop  below.  His  wife  mistook  the 
right  vessel,  and  the  whole  church  were  physicked  thoroughly  before  the  mistake  was 
discovered."  : 

He  was  regularly  educated  in  the  apothecary  business  in  the  firm  of  Smith  & 
Bartlett,  and  opened  a  store  on  his  own  account,  Dec.  30,  1797,  at  the  corner  of  Prince 
and  Salem  streets,  Boston.     He  bought  this  estate  at  the  corner  of  Prince  and  Salem 

Robert     Fennelly    (1806).       Authorities:  '  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  2d 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;        Ed.,  p.  371. 
MS.  of  Mr.  William  A.  Bowdlear. 


1806]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  333 

streets,  for  which  he  paid  ten  thousand  dollars,  and  his  shop  was  designated  by  the  sign 
^sculapius.      He  was  prudent  and  industrious,  and  acquired  considerable  property. 

He  died  Sept.  22,  1828,  and  his  funeral  the  day  following  was  attended  by  the 
Boston  City  Council,  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  Massachusetts  College 
of  Pharmacists,  and  a  long  procession  of  mourning  friends.  His  remains  were  buried 
at  Mount  Auburn.  Upon  his  tombstone  is  engraved,  "Beloved  for  his  many  virtues, 
respected  in  all  his  public  acts." 

The  principal  portion  of  his  property  he  bequeathed  to  his  wife.  She  bequeathed 
the  estate  corner  of  Prince  and  Salem  streets  to  the  Newton  Theological  Institution, 
constituting  a  fund  to  be  forever  known  as  the  "  Fennelly  Fund  "  She  also  established 
several  other  funds,  of  one  thousand  dollars  each,  in  charitable  institutions.  After  his 
marriage  he  went  with  his  wife  to  the  Second  Baptist  Church,  but  once  a  year  he  com- 
muned with  Christ  Church.  He  was  treasurer  of  the  Second  Baptist  Church  at  the  time 
of  his  decease,  and  had  been  for  seven  years. 

Henry  Fowle  (1806),  block  and  pump  maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Henry  and  Mary 
(Patten)  Fowle,  was  born  at  Medford,  Sept.  19,  1766.  He  married,  Nov.  1,  1789,  (1) 
Elizabeth  Bentley,  who  died  Jan.  18,  181 1 ;  (2)  in  1812,  Mary  Adams,  who  died  June 
18,  1814,  and,  (3)  Dec.  1,  1814,  Ruthy  Skinner,  of  Charlestown.  After  attending  the 
public  schools,  and  attempting  to  learn  his  father's  trade,  —  that  of  a  tailor,—  he  went 
to  Boston,  and  in  February,  1783,  was  apprenticed  to  Mr.  Richard  Skillen,  to  learn  the 
block  and  pump  maker's  business.  In  June,  1788,  he  began  in  this  business  for  himself, 
on  Scarlet's  Wharf,  and  continued  in  it  nearly  forty  years.  Feb.  23,  1815,  he  took  his 
son,  Henry,  Jr.  (1821),  into  partnership,  and  in  1827  sold  out  the  business  to  him. 

In  1794,  Henry  Fowle,  Sr.  (1806),  bought  a  house  in  Salutation  Lane,  where  he 
resided  until  1805,  when  he  bought  the  mansion-house  of  Rev.  Samuel  Mather,  on 
Clark  Street.  In  1829  he  moved  to  Jamaica  Plain,  but  returned  Nov.  10,  1830,  and 
lived  on  South  Street,  Boston.  When  twenty-three  years  of  age  he  received  a  commis- 
sion from  Gov.  Hancock  appointing  him  lieutenant  of  a  military  company  in  Ward 
No.  1.  At  the  end  of  four  years,  "being  tired  of  the  military,"  he  resigned.  "How- 
ever, some  years  after,"  he  says  in  his  autobiography,  "  I  was  induced  to  join  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  [1806].  The  third  year  [it  was  in  1807] 
I  was  elected  second  [third]  sergeant,  and  the  year  following  was  requested  to  accept  a 
lieutenant's  commission ;  but,  fearful  of  the  expense,  I  declined,  and  the  next  year,  at 
my  own  request,  was  discharged."  He  was  a  fireward  in  Boston  three  years;  clerk  of 
Ward  1  four  years ;  of  Ward  2  three  years  ;  a  member  of  the  Humane  Society,  and 
joined  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  in  1795,  but  withdrew  in 
1799.  He  was  very  prominent  in  Masonic  matters;  active  and  useful  in  the  organi- 
zation and  extension  of  Chapter  and  Templar  bodies.  "Primus  inter  pares."  He 
died  March  10,  1837. 

David  Francis  (1806),  printer  and  bookseller,  of  Boston,  son  of  Stephen  Francis, 
was  born  in  Boston  in  October,  1779.  He  attended  the  public  schools  and  obtained  the 
rudiments  of  an  education,  which  he  improved  by  study  and  by  the  experience  obtained 

Henry  Fowle  (1806).      Authorities:   New      Vols.  XXIV.  and  XXV.;  By-Laws  of  St.  Andrew's 
Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.   Reg.,  1869;    Autobiography       Chapter. 

(written  in  1833)  in  Moore's  Masonic  Magazine,  David  Francis  (1806).     Authority:  Annals 

of  Mass.  Char.  Mecb.  Association. 


334  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1806 

from  an  apprenticeship  in  the  printing-office  of  Belknap  &  Hall,  the  printers  and  pub- 
lishers of  the  American  Apollo.  The  publication  failed,  and  Mr.  Francis  (1806)  entered 
the  office  of  Samuel  Hall,  a  prominent  printer  and  bookseller,  where  he  remained  until 
the  age  of  twenty-one  years.  He  then  formed  a  partnership  with  Edmund  Munroe,  — 
a  business  connection  which  lasted  until  the  death  of  Mr.  Francis  (1806).  His  resi- 
dence was  in  Williams  Court. 

He  was  active  in  the  formation  of  a  military  company  called  the  "  Rangers,"  in 
1812,  and  was  its  lieutenant,  chosen  at  its  organization,  1812-14.  He  was  afterward 
chosen  captain,  and  served  from  1815  to  1817  inclusive.  He  held  the  office  of  first 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1809.  He  was  also  one  of  the  principal  founders 
of  the  Faustus  Association,  a  society  of  printers,  organized  for  the  relief  of  widows  and 
orphans.  He  united  with  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  in  1808, 
was  a  trustee  from  1814  to  1817,  and  its  secretary  from  1817  to  1827,  when  he  was 
elected  a  vice-president  of  that  society,  but  declined.  He  held  the  office  of  Representa- 
tive in  the  Legislature  from  the  city  of  Boston. 

Capt.  Francis  (1806)  was  made  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company, 
May  27,  1819,  and  was  honorably  discharged  May  26,  1827.  He  was  a  benevolent, 
energetic,  and  reliable  man,  and  died  in  Boston  in  March,  1853,  aged  seventy-four  years. 

Benjamin  Fuller  (1806),  of  Boston,  had  a  shoe  store  at  No.  10  Marshall's  Lane, 
now  Marshall  Street,  and  resided  in  North  Street. 

William  Howe  (1806),  tinman,  of  Boston,  was  born  July  9,  1782,  in  the  mansion- 
house  of  his  grandfather,  in  Marshall's  Lane,  and  was  probably  a  son  of  Joseph  Howe, 
tin-plate  worker,  No.  7  Marshall's  Lane. 

Mr.  Howe  (1806)  first  joined  the  Winslow  Blues,  and  was  a  promising  officer. 
When  a  vacancy  occurred  in  the  office  of  captain,  by  the  promotion  of  Capt.  Messinger 
(1792),  Lieut.  Howe  (1806)  failed  of  promotion  to  the  vacancy  on  account  of  his  strict- 
ness in  discipline.  He  immediately  left  that  corps  and  joined  the  Artillery  Company. 
He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1807,  ensign  in  1812,  and  its  captain 
in  1814.     He  was  made  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822. 

Henry  Hutchinson  (1806),  sailmaker,  of  Boston.  Mr.  Hutchinson  (1806)  was 
admitted  a  member  of  the  Lodge  of  St.  Andrew,  of  Boston,  in  1803.  His  sail-loft  was 
on  Fish  Street,  and  he  lived  on  Charter  Street.  Mr.  Hutchinson  (1806)  died  at  Boston, 
July  17,  1833,  aSed  seventy  years. 

Jonathan  Kilham  (1806),  tailor,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Elizabeth  (Davis) 
Kilham,  was  born  in  Wenham,  May  15,  1775,  and  served  his  apprenticeship  in  Beverly. 
In  1 796,  he  came  to  Boston,  and,  four  years  after,  formed  a  partnership  with  Elijah 
Mears.  The  firm  of  Kilham  &  Mears,  merchant  tailors,  continued  for  forty  years. 
Their  place  of  business  was  in  a  building  which  stood  on  the  former  site  of  the 
Traveler  Building,  n  State  Street.      Mr.  Kilham  (1806)  was  a  thorough  business  man, 

William  Howe  (1806).    Authorities:  Whit-  Jonathan  Kilham  (1806).    Authority :  An- 

man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1S42;  Mass.       pals  of  Mass,  Char.  Mech,  Association. 
Military  Rolls. 


1806]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  335 

and  highly  respected  by  all.  He  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  health,  and  held  no 
other  public  office.  He  retired  from  business  some  years  before  his  decease,  enjoying 
the  result  of  a  life  of  industry  and  prudence.     He  died  in  July,  1855,  aged  eighty  years. 

Thomas  C.  Legate  (1806),  of  Boston.  His  name  is  not  given  in  the  Boston 
Directory  of  1807. 

James  Penniman  (1806),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1809.  In  1807  he  was  engaged  in  the  West  India  g^oods  trade,  on 
Broad,  now  Washington,  Street. 

John  Pickens,  Jr.  (1806),  merchant,  of  Boston. 

Andrew  Sigourney  (1806),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Andrew  Sigourney,  of 
Boston,  and  nephew  of  Elisha  (1788),  was  born  Nov.  6,  1766.  He  married,  (1)  in 
1794,  Sally  Barker,  of  Nantucket,  who  died  March  20,  1795  ;  and,  (2)  Oct.  17,  1797, 
Elizabeth  Williams,  who  died  March  19,  1843.  He  was  treasurer  of  the  town  of 
Boston  from  1814  to  1820,  and  of  the  Artillery  Company  from  1815  to  1820,  and  was 
second  sergeant  in  1809.  He  was  elected  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany, May  8,  1812.  He  was  a  representative  in  the  General  Court  from  Boston,  and 
being  a  man  of  good  judgment,  peaceful  and  wise,  he  found  much  employment  in 
settling  estates  and  acting  in  the  capacity  of  executor,  guardian,  etc.  He  was  much 
respected  in  the  community.  He  died  suddenly,  Aug.  6,  1820. J  The  tomb  of  Andrew 
Sigourney  (1806)  is  in  Copp's  Hill  Burial-Ground. 

Mr.  Sigourney  (1806)  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Lodge  in  1794,  and  was 
its  master  from  1801  to  1803.  He  joined  St.  Andrew's  Chapter  June  9,  1800,  was  its 
treasurer  seven  years,  and  honorary  membership  was  conferred  upon  him  Feb.  to,  T813. 
He  was  for  ten  years  grand  treasurer  of  the  Grand  Royal  Arch  Chapter  of  Massachusetts, 
and  was  grand  high  priest  in  1816  and  18 17.  He  was  also  treasurer  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Massachusetts  from  1809  to  1819  inclusive.  When  he  retired  from  this  office 
in  December,  18 19,  he  made  a  donation  of  his  salary  for  that  year  to  the  charity  fund, 
to  be  held  by  the  treasurer  as  trustee,  "  until  the  charity  fund  shall  go  into  operation." 
The  so-called  "  Sigourney  Fund,"  resulting  from  this  generous  gift,  amounts  to  six 
thousand  dollars.  At  the  time  of  his  decease  he  held  the  office  of  senior  grand  warden 
in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Masons  in  Massachusetts. 

Samuel  Waldron  (1806),  housewright,  of  Boston,  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1808.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Mount  Lebanon 
Lodge,  of  Boston,  in  1809. 

Friday,  April  n,  and  Monday,  May  5,  1806,  the  Artillery  Company,  commanded  by 
Major  Blanchard  (1794),  made  its  usual  parades.  At  the  former  meeting  Rev.  James 
Kendall,  of  Plymouth,  was  chosen  to  deliver  the  election  sermon  in  June  next  following. 
Special  meetings  were  held  May  12  and  May  18. 

Andrew  Sigourney  (1806).    Authorities:  '  "In  this  town  on  Sunday  last  [Aug.  6,  1820], 

Sigourney  Genealogy;  Records  of  St.  Andrew's  deeply  and  justly  regretted  by  his  relations  and 
Lodge,  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  and  Grand  Lodge  of  fellow-citizens,  Andrew  Sigourney  [1806],  Esq.,  for 
Massachusetts.  many  years  the  faithful  and  able  treasurer  of  the 

town."  — Columbian  Centinel. 


336  HISTORY    OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,806 

Monday,  June  2,  1806,  being  the  anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers,  the  Com- 
pany paraded  "  in  the  hall  over  new  Faneuil  Hall,"  at  ten  o'clock  a.  m.  ;  received  his 
Excellency  Gov.  Strong  and  guests  at  twelve  o'clock  m.  ;  proceeded  to  the  Old  Brick 
Meeting-House,  where  Rev.  Mr.  Kendall  preached  the  sermon,  after  which  the  Company 
and  guests  marched  to  Faneuil  Hall  and  partook  of  the  dinner.  At  five  o'clock  p.  m., 
the  Company  proceeded  to  the  square  on  the  Common,  where  the  following  gentlemen 
were  elected  officers  for  the  ensuing  year:  Mr.  William  Alexander  (1795),  captain; 
Major  Peter  Osgood  (1797),  lieutenant;  Mr.  William  Jepson  (1797),  ensign;  Messrs 
William  Marston  (1804),  Jacob  Hall  (1802),  John  B.  Hammatt  (1801),  and  Levi 
Melcher  (1802),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Capt.  Samuel  Todd 
(1786),  superintendent  of  the  armory,  and  Capt.  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk.  The 
Company  then  escorted  the  commander-in-chief  to  the- square,  and  the  badges  of  office 
were  received  from  the  old  and  presented  to  the  new  officers  by  his  Excellency.  After 
review  the  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall. 

Monday,  Sept.  t,  and  Oct.  6,  1806,  the  Artillery  Company  paraded,  and  special 
meetings  were  held  Sept.  22  and  Sept.  29. 

Gov.  Strong  offered  the  following  volunteer  toast  at  the  dinner  :  "The  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company.  May  they  ever  prove  the  best  citizens  in  peace  and  the 
bravest  soldiers  in  war."  After  the  toast  to  the  memory  of  Washington,  Mr.  Eaton 
(1796)  again  sung, — 

FROM  VERNON'S  MOUNT  BEHOLD  THE  HERO   RISE. 

THE   MUSIC   WAS  WRITTEN   BY  OLIVER  HOLDEN    (1794). 

From  Vernon's  Mount  behold  the  HERO  rise, 
Resplendent  forms  attend  him  through   the  skies; 
The  shades  of  war-worn  Vet'rans  round  him  throng, 
And  lead  enwrapt  their  honor'd  Chief  along. 

A  laurel  wreath  th'  immortal  Warren  bears; 
An  arch  triumphal  Mercer's  hand  prepares; 
Young  Lawrence  'erst  th'  avenging  bolt  of  war, 
With  port  majestic  guides  the  glittering  car; 

Montgomery's  god-like  form  directs  the  way, 
And  Green  unfolds  the  gates  of  endless  day, 
While  angels  trumpet-tongued  proclaim  through  air 
Due  honors !   Due  honors  for  the  first  of  men  prepare. 

Rev.  James  Kendall,  D.  D.,  of  Plymouth,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1806.  He  was  a  son  of  James  Kendall,  of  Sterling,  Mass.,  and  was  born  in  1769.  He  was 
twice  married  ;  first,  to  Sarah  Poor,  and  second  to  Sally  Kendall.  Mr.  Kendall  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1796,  and  was  a  tutor  in  the  college  at  the  time  of  his  invitation 
to  settle  with  the  First  Church  in  Plymouth.  On  the  second  Sunday  of  October,  1799, 
he  began  to  preach  on  probation,  in  Plymouth,  as  the  successor  of  Mr.  Robbins,  and 
was  ordained  Jan  1,  1800.  During  his  entire  residence  of  sixty  years  in  Plymouth  he 
occupied  the  parsonage  in  which  he  died  in  1859.  He  was  buried  on  Burial  Hill.  The 
honorary  degree  of  D.  D.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  Harvard  College  in  1825. 

Rev.  James  Kendall,   D.  D.     Authority;  Hurd's  Hist,  of  Plymouth  County, 


i8o;]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  337 

q  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1807  were  :  Edmund 

J  007.  Bowman  (1793),  captain ;  Jonathan  Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  lieutenant ;  Jonathan 
'  Whitney  (1797),  ensign.  William  Howe  (1806)  was  first  sergeant ;  Nathaniel 
Clarke  (1805),  second  sergeant;  Henry  Fowle  (1806),  third  sergeant;  Nathaniel 
Brown  (1805),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Thomas  Clark  (1786), 
clerk,  and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

From  the  "Massachusetts  Register  "  the  following  list  is  compiled  :  Brig. -Gen.  Amasa 
Davis  (1786)  was  quartermaster-general  of  Massachusetts;  Ebenezer  Mattoon  (1817), 
major-general,  Fourth  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia;  John  Winslow  (1786), 
brigadier-general  of  Legionary  Brigade,  First  Division  ;  Charles  Clement  (1795),  brigade- 
major;  James  Phillips  (1790),  brigade-quartermaster ;  Elijah  Crane  (1819),  brigadier- 
general,  Second  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia  ;  Peter  Osgood 
(1797),  major,  First  Sublegion,  Legionary  Brigade;  Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  major, 
Sublegion  of  Light  Infantry;  John  Binney  (1801),  captain,  First  Battalion,  Legionary 
Brigade,  First  Division  of  Artillery;  John  Roulstone  (1812),  lieutenant  in  troop  of 
cavalry;  Joseph  Loring,  Jr.  (1793),  captain  in  Sublegion  of  Light  Infantry;  George 
Wheeler  (r8i2),  Ezra  Davis  (1801),  lieutenants;  Nathaniel  Brown  (1805),  quarter- 
master Sublegion  of  Artillery;  Thomas  Dean  (1806),  captain,  Second  Sublegion  of  Light 
Infantry;  Samuel  Curtis  (1810),  captain,  Third  Sublegion;  Frink  Siratton  (1811), 
lieutenant;  James  B.  Marston  (1810),  lieutenant,  and  Major  William  Sullivan  (1819), 
lieutenant  in  the  Independent  Cadets. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1807  were  :  William  Abrams,  Jr., 
Samuel  T.  Armstrong,  Peter  Conant,  Jr.,  Caleb  Knight,  James  R.  Knight,  Joseph 
Tucker,  Terence  Wakefield,  George  Welles. 

William  Abrams,  Jr.  (1807),  an  accountant,  of  Boston,  who  for  many  years  was 
employed  at  29  Middle  Street,  and  resided  in  Sun  Court  Street,  was  a  son  of  William 
Abrams,  grocer,  at  15  Middle  Street.  A  William  Abrams,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Boston, 
Aug.  18,  1750;  probably  he  was  the  grocer. 

Samuel  Turell  Armstrong  (1807),  printer,  of  Boston  and  Charlestown,  son  of  John 
and  Elizabeth  Armstrong,  was  born  in  Dorchester,  April  29,  1784,  and  married,  Oct.  1, 
181 2,  Abigail  Walker.     He  was  a  great-grandson  of  Samuel  Bass  (1720). 

Samuel  T.  Armstrong  (1807),  having  lost  his  father  in  very  early  life,  was  appren- 
ticed to  Manning  &  Loring,  book  printers.  At  the  expiration  of  his  apprenticeship  he 
began  business  in  State  Street,  in  connection  with  Joshua  Belcher  (1812),  and  published 
a  periodical  called  the  "  Emerald."  This  partnership  was  soon  dissolved,  and  Mr.  Arm- 
strong (1807)  set  up  a  printing-office  in  Charlestown,  and  printed  the  "Panoplist," 
devoted  to  religious  matters.  He  removed  to  Boston  in  181 1,  and  became  a  prosperous 
publisher  and  bookseller  at  No.  50  Cornhill,  now  Washington  Street.  He  continued  the 
publication  of  the  "  Panoplist,"  and  published  large  editions  of  popular  religious  works.  ' 
His  industry  was  untiring,  his  energy  and  perseverance  were  indefatigable,  and  his 
profits  sure  and  increasing.  He  retired  from  business,  when  comparatively  a  young 
man,  with  a  property  worth  over  one  hundred  thousand  dollars.     He  united  with  the 

Samuel   T.   Armstrong    (1807).     Authori-      New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1861,  1890,  1894; 
Tits:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.       Hill's  Hist,  of  Old  South  Church. 
1842;   Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association; 


338  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,go7 

Old  South  Church,  Dec.  24, 1815,  and  was  elected  a  deacon,  May  15,  1829,  and  accepted 
the  position,  having  declined  a  previous  election  (Feb.  8,  1828)  to  the  same  office. 
In  1828  and  1829  he  was  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Asso- 
ciation. He  served  the  city  of  Boston  as  a  representative  in  General  Court,  and  Suffolk 
County  as  a  State  senator.  He  was  lieutenant-governor  of  the  State  a  number  of  years, 
in  the  administrations  of  Levi  Lincoln  and  John  Davis,  and  was  acting-governor  during 
ten  months  of  the  year  1835,  Gov.  Davis  having  been  elected  a  senator  in  Congress. 
He  was  alderman  of  the  city  of  Boston  from  1828  to  1831  inclusive,  and,  for  a  single  year, 
1836,  was  mayor  of  Boston,  after  which  he  retired  from  public  life.  He  amassed  a 
fortune,  but  died  without  issue.  He  visited  Europe  twice,  and  spent  some  years  on  the 
continent.  At  one  time  he  was  much  interested  in  military  matters ;  was  captain  of 
the  Warren  Phalanx,  of  Charlestown,  from  181 1  to  1814,  and  first  sergeant  of  the  Artil- 
lery Company  in  181 1.     He  died  very  suddenly,  March  26,  1850. 

Peter  Conant,  Jr.  (1807),  schoolmaster,  afterward  trader,  of  Boston,  brother  of 
Col.  Artemas,  son  of  Peter  and  Elizabeth  (Fairbanks)  Conant,  was  born  in  Stow, 
April  9,  1785,  and  he  died  in  Charlestown,  Dec.  4,  1862.  He  married  Harriet  Howe, 
of  Boston,  sister  of  John  Howe,  Jr.  (1792).  She  died  Jan.  12,  1888,  aged  nearly  ninety- 
nine  years.  Mr.  Conant  (1807)  remained  in  Stow  until  the  War  of  1812,  when  he 
enlisted  and  served  in  the  army  in  Northern  New  York.  Soon  after  his  discharge  he 
came  to  Boston,  and  his  first  occupation  was  that  of  usher  in  the  Eliot  School.  About 
1825,  he  became  a  teacher  in  the  Harvard  School,  Charlestown,  and  when  the  Training- 
Field  School- House  was  erected,  he  took  charge  of  the  school  in  that  house.  After 
teaching  for  ten  years,  he  opened  a  book  and  stationery  store  in  Charlestown,  which  he 
kept  for  some  years,  when  he  became  book-keeper  in  the  office  of  the  Boston  Transcript, 
a  position  he  held  until  his  decease.  When  he  lived  in  Boston,  he  boarded  with  his 
father-in-law,  John  Howe  (1773),  corner  of  Salem  and  Endicott  streets.  Afterward,  pur- 
chasing land  of  Oliver  Holden  (1794),  he  erected  a  house  on  Bartlett  Street,  Charles- 
town, now  numbered  64,  and  resided  there  until  his  decease.  He  was  third  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in  181 1. 

Caleb  Knight  (1807),  of  Boston,  was  brother  of  James  R.  Knight  (1807).  He 
received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  and  took  membership  therein 
in  1807.     He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

James  R.  Knight  (1807),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  brother  of  Caleb  Knight 
(1807).  Mr.  Knight  (1807)  died  at  Greenwich,  N.  Y.,  May  22,  1824,  aged  forty-three 
years. 

Joseph   Tucker    (1807),    housewright,   of   Boston,    son  of   Stephen   and   Abigail 

(Newell)  Tucker,  was  born  (baptized)  March  18,  1770.     He  married  Mary .     He 

was  admitted  into  St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  Dec  13,  1797,  and  resigned  his 
membership  Oct.  30,  1814.  He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  died 
June  20,  1824,  aged  fifty-five  years. 

Peter  Conant,  Jr.  (1807).  Authorities:  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates; 
Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;    Conant  Genealogy. 


1807]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  339 

Terence  Wakefield  (1807),  apothecary,  of  Boston,  kept  a  store  at  No  12  Milk 
Street  in  1820,  and  resided  on  Pond,  now  Bedford,  Street.  He  learned  the  apothecary 
business  in  the  shop  of  Dr.  Thomas  Bartlett  (1793),  at  the  sign  of  the  Good  Samaritan, 
13  Cornhill,  and  commenced  business  on  his  own  account  in  1803  in  the  shop  previously 
"  kept  by  Dr.  Mountfort,  corner  of  Fish  Street."  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1810,  and  ensign  in  181 5. 

George  Welles  (1807),  jeweller,  of  Boston,  was  born  June  14,  1784,  in  Hebron, 
Conn.  He  came  to  Boston  a  poor  boy,  but  by  his  great  industry  and  economy  became 
wealthy.  He  married,  but  had  no  children.  His  military  career  began  about  1805,  and 
in  181 1  he  became  captain  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia.  He  held  this  position  until  1818,  when, 
notwithstanding  he  was  a  good  disciplinarian,  he  was  defeated  for  the  office  of  major, 
and  retired  from  the  militia.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
181 1,  lieutenant  in  1814,  and  its  captain  in  1820.  He  was  active  in  the  concerns  of 
the  Artillery  Company,  and  often  served  on  important  committees. 

He  died  at  Framingham,  May  6,  1827,  aged  forty-three  years,  and  was  buried  at 
Hebron,  Conn. 

April  6,  1807,  the  Artillery  Company  made  its  first  public  appearance  for  the 
season,  commanded  by  Capt.  Alexander  (1795).  Rev.  Thomas  Baldwin,  of  Boston, 
was  chosen  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election  sermon  the  next  June. 

May  4,  the  Company  paraded.     Special  meetings  were  held  May  n  and  May  18. 

Monday,  June  1,  1807,  being  the  anniversary  and  election  of  officers,  the  usual 
formalities  were  observed.  His  Excellency  James  Sullivan  was  accompanied  by  his 
Honor  Levi  Lincoln,  the  honorable  council,  the  major-general  of  the  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  other  guests.  The  weather  was  unpropitious,  and 
the  election  of  officers  was  held  and  exchange  of  insignias  made  in  Faneuil  Hall, 
the  galleries  being  opened  for  the  admission  of  spectators.  Mr.  Edmund  Bowman 
(1793)  was  elected  captain;  Mr.  Jonathan  Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  lieutenant;  Mr.  Jonathan 
Whitney  (1797),  ensign;  Messrs.  William  Howe  (1806),  Nathaniel  Clarke  (1805), 
Henry  Fowle  (1806),  and  Nathaniel  Brown  (1805),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow 
(1786),  treasurer;  Capt.  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk,  and  Capt.  Samuel  Todd  (1786), 
superintendent  of  the  armory. 

The  exercises  in  the  Hall  being  completed,  the  Company,  commanded  by  Capt. 
Bowman  (1793),  escorted  the  governor  to  his  home  in  Summer  Street,  after  which  they 
returned  to  the  Hall,  and  spent  the  evening  socially. 

Special  meetings  were  held  July  6  and  Aug.  24,  and  Sept.  7  the  Company  paraded. 
Sept.  21,  1807,  the  Company  fixed  the  pay  of  the  clerk  at  forty  dollars  per  year.  Friday, 
Oct.  9,  the  Company  made  its  last  parade  of  the  year.  Major  Phillips  (1790)  having, 
at  his  own  expense,  elegantly  painted  and  decorated  the  cartridge  canister  of  the 
Company,  a  vote  of  thanks  to  him  for  the  same  was  passed. 

The  Independent  Chronicle,  of  Boston,  dated  June  8,  1807,  gives  the  following 
additional  facts  in  regard  to  the  anniversary  day  :  — 

"Monday  last  being  the  anniversary  of  the  Antient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany, the  morning  was  ushered  in  by  a  discharge  of  17  guns  from  the  North  End.     At 

George  Welles  (1807).    Authority:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


340  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND  [ig08 

half  past  12  o'clock,  his  Excellency  James  Sullivan  Esq-  and  his  Honor  Levi  Lincoln 
Esq-  were  escorted  by  the  Company  to  the  Old  Brick  Meeting  House,  under  a  dis- 
charge of  17  guns  from  Copp's  Hill  by  the  North  End  Artillery,  and  another  salute  of 
17  more  from  Rhoade's  Wharf.  The  weather  being  unfavorable  his  Excellency  con- 
sented to  perform  the  ceremonies  of  investing  the  new  officers  with  their  badges  in 
Faneuil  Hall,  the  Hall  of  LIBERTY.  On  his  Excellency's  being  conducted  to  his 
Chair  a  salute  of  17  guns  was  fired  at  Capt  Rhoades's,  North  End  — and  on  his  leaving 
the  Hall  another  salute  of  17  guns  was  fired  from  Copp's  Hill.  Thus  did  the  people  do 
honor  to  whom  honor  was  due." 

The  Columbian  Centinel,  after  giving  the  seventeen  toasts  offered  at  the  anniversary 
dinner,  adds, — 

"  After  the  third  toast  his  Excellency  the  commander-in-chief  gave  —  'The  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Artillery  Company.  May  they  long  continue  a  defence  and  ornament  of 
this  Commonwealth.' 

"  This  toast  was  received  with  plaudits  from  the  Company  and  with  martial  airs 
from  the  American  band  of  music  attached  to  the  Legionary  Brigade ;  and  who,  on  this 
occasion,  appeared  in  a  new  and  superb  uniform  ;  and  discharged  the  duties  of  the  day 
with  much  better  success  than  was  to  be  expected  from  the  short  period  of  their  tuition." 

Rev.  Thomas  Baldwin,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon 
in  1807.  He  was  the  only  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  Baldwin,  and  was  born  in  Bozrah, 
Conn.,  Dec.  23,  1753.  When  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age,  his  father  died;  his  mother 
married  a  Mr.  Eames,  and  the  family  moved  to  Canaan,  N.  H.  Sept.  22,  1775,  Mr. 
Baldwin  married  Ruth  Huntington,  of  Norwich,  Conn.  She  died  Feb.  n,  1812,  and 
he  married  Margaret  Duncan,  of  Haverhill,  Mass.  At  the  age  of  thirty  years  he  repre- 
sented Canaan  in  the  Legislature,  and  was  repeatedly  re-elected  to  this  office.  In  1782 
he  began  to  exhort  in  public  meetings,  and  in  August  of  that  year  he  was  licensed  to 
preach.  In  the  spring  of  1783  the  Baptist  church  in  Canaan  invited  him  to  become 
their  pastor,  but  he  declined  to  accept.  However,  he  continued  to  supply  the  pulpit. 
June  n,  1783,  he  was  ordained  to  the  work  of  an  evangelist,  and  toiled  in  Canaan 
seven  years.  In  the  winter  of  1789-90  he  was  invited  to  Sturbridge,  to  Hampton, 
Conn.,  and  to  the  Second  Baptist  Church,  in  Boston.  He  preached  his  first  sermon  in 
Boston,  July  4,  1790,  and  on  the  twenty-second  day  of  August  the  Boston  church  invited 
him  to  settle  as  pastor.  He  accepted,  and  was  installed  Nov.  11.  In  1794  Brown 
University  conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  A.  M.,  and  in  1803  Union  College  con- 
ferred the  degree  of  D.  D.  In  September,  1803,  he  became  the  editor  of  the  "  Massa- , 
chusetts  Baptist  Missionary  Magazine."  He  continued  sole  editor  of  that  publication 
until  1817,  and  from  that  year  until  his  decease  was  senior  editor.  He  died  Aug.  29, 
1826,  at  Waterville,  Me.,  whither  he  went  to  attend  the  commencement  exercises  at  the 
college  in  that  town. 


MThe  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1808  were  :    Melzar 
Holmes    (1798),    captain;    Benjamin    Coates    (1796),   lieutenant;    Dexter 
Dana  (1798),  ensign.     Thomas  Dean   (1806)  was  first  sergeant;  William 
Bowman   (1806),   second    sergeant;   David  Forsaith    (1805),    third    sergeant;  Samuel 

Rev.  Thomas  Baldwin,  D.  D.     Authority:  Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit. 


1808]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  34I 

Waldron    (1806),  fourth    sergeant;  John    Winslow    (1786),    treasurer;  Thomas    Clark 
(1786),  clerk,  and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

The  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1808  was  Asa  Ward. 

Asa  Ward  (1808)  was  a  merchant,  28  State  Street,  Boston,  and  held  the  office  of 
fourth  sergeant  of  the  "Artillery  Company  in  181 1.  He  was  a  son  of  Asa  and  Hannah 
(Heywood)  Ward,  of  Worcester,  where  he  was  born  April  19,  1772.  He  married  Sally 
White,  of  that  town,  in  1802.  After  a  short  business  career  in  Boston,  he  returned  to 
Worcester  in  failing  health,  and  died  in  October,  1812,  in  his  forty-first  year. 

The  Artillery  Company  paraded  April  4  and  May  2,  1808,  under  the  command  of 
Capt.  Bowman  (1793).  At  the  former  meeting,  the  Rev.  Leonard  Woods,  of  Newbury, 
was  chosen  to  deliver  the  anniversary  sermon  in  June  following.  At  the  May  parade,  the 
Company  marched  to  Charlestown,  and  was  entertained  by  Oliver  Holden  (1794). 
Special  meetings  were  held  April  25  and  May  16.  The  usual  programme  was  followed 
on  the  anniversary  day.  The  officers  elected  for  the  ensuing  year  were  :  Capt.  Melzar 
Holmes  (1798),  captain ;  Mr.  Benjamin  Coates  (1796),  lieutenant;  Mr.  Dexter  Dana 
(1798),  lieutenant;  Capt.  Thomas  Dean  (1806),  Mr.  William  Bowman  (1806),  Mr. 
David  Forsaith  (1805),  Mr.  Samuel  Waldron  (1806),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow 
(1786),  treasurer;  Capt.  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk. 

The  newspapers  of  Boston  add  the  information  that  it  was  past  six  o'clock  before 
the  Company  could  parade  on  the  appropriate  square  on  the  Common,  on  account  of 
severe  showers.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  drill,  election,  and  review,  the  Company 
escorted  the  governor  to  his  residence,  after  which  the  Company  returned  to  Faneuil 
Hall. 

The  Company  observed  its  public  drills,  Sept.  5  and  Oct.  3,  1808,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Capt.  Holmes  (1798). 

At  the  meeting  held  Sept.  5,  1808,  Capt.  Holmes  (1798),  Lieut.  Coates  (1796), 
Ensign  Dana  (1798),  Capt.  Dean  (1806),  Major  Osgood  (1797),  Messrs.  William  Howe 
(1806)  and  Jonathan  Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  were  appointed  a  committee  to  take  into  con- 
sideration the  propriety  of  exempting  gentlemen  from  fines  who  had  "  served years 

in  the  Company." 

Rev.  Leonard  Woods,  D.  D.,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1808. 
He  was  born  in  Princeton,  Mass.,  June  19,  1774,  and  was  installed  as  the  third  pastor 
over  the  Fourth  Church,  in  Newbury  (West  End),  Dec.  5,  1798.  His  father  intended 
him  to  be  a  farmer,  but  being  too  frail,  he  turned  his  attention  to  a  profession.  He 
studied  first  with  the  pastor  of  his  native  town,  then  attended  the  academy  at  Leicester 
for  a  short  term,  and  completed  his  preparatory  studies  under  Ebenezer  Adams,  after- 
ward professor  at  Dartmouth  College.  Mr.  Woods  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1796.  After  leaving  college  he  taught  school  in  Medford  eight  months,  then  studied 
theology,  and  was  approbated  to  preach  in  1798.  He  settled  immediately  in  Newbury, 
and  held  that  pastorate  until  Sept.  28,  1808,  when  he  was  inaugurated  professor  of 

Asa  Ward  (1S08).   Authority:  Ward  Gene-  Rev.  Leonard  Woods,  D.  D.    Authorities: 

alogy.  Coffin's  Hist,  of  Newbury;    Sprague's   Annals   of 

American  Pulpit. 


342  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,809 

theology  at   the    newly  founded    Andover   Theological   Seminary.      His   professorship 
closed  in  1846,  and  he  died  in  Andover,  Aug.  24,  1854. 

A  collective  edition  of  his  works  was  published  in  five  volumes  (fourth  edition) 
in  i860. 


q  The  officers   of   the    Artillery  Company  elected   in   1809  were:    Peter 

I  OOQ.  Osgood  (1 797).  captain;  Jeremiah  Gardner,  Jr.  (1801),  lieutenant,  and 
'  Isaac  P.  Simpson  (1801),  ensign.  David  Francis  (1806)  was  first  sergeant; 
Andrew  Sigourney  (1806),  second  sergeant;  Caswell  Beal  (1806),  third  sergeant; 
James  Penniman  (1806),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Thomas 
Clark  (1786),  clerk,  and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1809  were  :  Ephraim  French, 
Jr.,  and  Meshack  Shattuck. 

Ephraim  French,  Jr.  (1809),  trader,  of  Boston.  In  1820,  Ephraim  French  (1809) 
kept  a  West  India  goods  store  on  Bromfield  Lane,  and  lived  on  School  Street.  He  was 
fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 12. 

Meshack  Shattuck  (1809),  silk  dyer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Simeon  and  Lydia  (Jewett) 
Shattuck,  was  born  in  Fitchburg  in  1782,  and  was  drowned  by  falling  from  Charlestown 
bridge,  Dec.  17,  181 1.  He  was  one  of  the  firm  of  Barrett  &  Shattuck,  who  established 
and  owned  the  silk  dye-house  in  Maiden,  now  known  as  the  "Barrett  Dye-House." 
His  place  of  business  was  on  the  corner  of  Union  and  Hanover  streets,  Boston.  He 
married,  in  1804,  Rebecca  Marshall,  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Rebecca  H.  Marshall,  of 
Dorchester,  who,  with  several  children,  survived  him. 

The  Company  records  inform  us  that  a  meeting  for  business  was  held  Saturday 
evening,  Feb.  4,  1809.  The  Company  paraded  on  April  7,  1809,  under  Capt.  Holmes 
(1798).  The  Rev.  John  Foster,  of  Brighton,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election 
sermon  in  June  following.  Also  a  public  parade  .was  made  May  1.  On  the  15th  of  May 
the  committee  appointed  to  consider  what  exemptions  from  duty  and  fines  are  proper 
and  necessary  to  be  made  the  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany reported  as  follows  :  — 

"  1  st  That  all  members  who  have  served,  and  all  members  who  shall  hereafter  have 
served  twenty  years  in  the  Company,  and  are  exempt  from  military  duty  by  law,  shall, 
at  their  own  request,  be  excused  from  all  fines  and  assessments,  except  the  assessment 
for  the  anniversary  dinner ;  which  shall  be  paid  by  every  member  of  the  Company. 

"  2d  That  all  members  who  have  served  and  all  members  who  shall  hereafter  serve 
fifteen  years  in  the  Company,  and  shall  have  held  commissions  therein,  and  are  exempt 
by  law  from  military  duty,  shall,  at  their  own  request,  be  exempt  from  all  evening*  fines, 
except  the  evenings  next  preceding  the  anniversary  Election  of  officers  in  June :  at 
which  meetings  they  shall  be  bound  to  attend." 

The  above  report  was  read,  and  unanimously  adopted. 

Also  it  was  voted  :  "That  Capt.  Holmes  [1798],  Major  Russell  [1788],  Gen.  Win- 
slow  [1786],  Mr.  A.  Sigourney  [1806],  and  Major  Phillips  [1790],  be  a  committee  to 

Meshack  Shattuck  (1809).    Authority:  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


1809]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  343 

enquire  into  and  ascertain  the  rights  and  privileges  of  the  Company,  which  are  secured 
to  them  by  their  charter,  and  to  be  invested  with  power  to  apply  to  the  Legislature  of 
this  Commonwealth,  if  they  think  proper,  to  have  a  clause  inserted  in  the  new  militia  law 
that  shall  define  their  rights  in  such  manner  as  shall  prevent  in  future  all  disputes  with 
the  officers  of  the  militia,  or  any  other  company."  ' 

A  special  meeting  was  held  May  29,  when  a  vote  was  passed  that  "every  member  of 
the  Company  who  shall  absent  himself  from  exercise  either  of  the  three  evenings  next 
preceding  the  day  of  election  in  June  annually,  shall  pay  a  fine  of  two  dollars  for  each 
evening  he  may  be  absent." 

Monday,  June  5,  1809,2  being  the  anniversary  day,  on  which  the  election  of  officers 
was  held,  the  usual  exercises  were  observed.  His  Excellency  Christopher  Gore,  com- 
mander-in-chief, his  Honor  Daniel  Cobb,  lieutenant-governor,  the  honorable  council, 
and  other  guests,  were  escorted  to  the  First  Church,  where  a  sermon  was  delivered  by 
Rev.  John  Foster,  of  Brighton.  The  Company  proceeded  thence  to  the  Exchange 
Coffee-House,  where  dinner  was  provided.  The  weather  being  unpleasant,  the  remain- 
ing duties  of  the  day  were  performed  in  the  area  of  the  Exchange  Building.  The 
following-named  gentlemen  were  elected  officers  for  the  ensuing  year :  Major  Peter 
Osgood  (1797),  captain;  Mr.  Jeremiah  Gardner,  Jr.  (1801),  lieutenant ;  Mr.  Isaac  P. 
Simpson  (1801),  ensign;  Messrs.  David  Francis  (1806),  Andrew  Sigourney  (1806), 
Caswell  Beal  (1806),  and  James  Penniman  (1806),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow 
(1786),  treasurer;  Thomas  Clark  (1786),  clerk,  and  Capt.  Thomas  Todd  (1786), 
superintendent  of  the  armory.  At  this  time  the  funds  of  the  Company  amounted  to 
three  thousand  and  seventy-two  dollars  and  twenty-two  cents,  including  one  hundred 
dollars  presented  to  the  Company  in  June,  1809,  by  William  Phillips,  Esq  ,  of  Boston. 

Business  meetings  of  the  Company  were  held  July  17  and  Aug.  28,  1809.  Sept.  4, 
the  Company  paraded  under  command  of  Major  Osgood  (1797),  also  -on  the  second 
day  of  October. 

On  the  morning  of  election  day  special  honors  were  paid  to  Gov.  Christopher  Gore. 
A  large  cavalcade  of  citizens  of  Middlesex  waited  on  his  Excellency  at  his  residence  in 
Waltham,  presented  him  an  address,  and  requested  permission  to  escort  him  to  Boston. 
A  cavalcade  from  Boston,  with  the  same  purpose  of  showing  their  respect  and  esteem  for 

1  Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  History  of  the  "'And  whereas  sundry  corps  of  artillery,  cav- 

Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  edition  airy,  and  infantry  now  exist  in  several  of  the  said 

of  1842,  pp.  373,  374,  says: —  States,   which    by   the    laws,    customs,    or   usages 

"One  Capt.  Gleason  insisted  that,  by  virtue  of  thereof  have  not  been  incorporated  with,  or  subject 

his  commission,  he  had  a  right  to  membership  [in  to,  the  general  regulations  of  the  militia, 
the  Artillery  Company].     On  a  field-day,  while  the  "'Section  II.     Be  it  further  enacted,  that  such 

members  were  parading  in  upper  Faneuil  Hall,  he  corps   retain  their  accustomed  privileges,  subject, 

appeared  on  the  stairs.    The  commander,  expecting  nevertheless,  to  all   other  duties   required   by  this 

such  an   occurrence,    placed   Gen.   John  Winslow  act,  in  like  manner  with  the  other  militia.'  " 
[1786]  as  sentinel  on  the  stairs.    Gleason  was  hailed,  s  "Brief  sketch  !     Monday  was  a  day  which  in 

and  refused  a  pass.    He  attempted  to  proceed,  when  Boston,  and  in  our  almanacks,  is  called  'Artillery 

the  general  charged,  throwing  open  his  pan.     Glea-  Election'  —  a  day  set  apart  to  see  a  company  of 

son  said,   'I  will  pass.'      The  general  said,   'You  Infantry,   (who  are  stiled  'Ancient  and  honorable 

must  then  enter  at  the  muzzle  and  come  out  at  the  Artillery '.')  go  through  a  few  unimportant  and  un- 

touch-hole.'    Gleason  sneaked  off,  and  thus  the  con-  interesting  ceremonies.    To  witness  and  to  counte- 

troversy  ended."  nance  this  bagatelle.  His  Excellency  the  governor 

Mr.  Whitman   (1810)    continues:    "The  last  throughout  a  whole  day  '  stoops  to  folly ';  and  both 

clause  of  the  tenth  section,  and  the  whole  of  the  branches  of  our  great  and  General  Court  throw 

eleventh  section,  of  the  militia  law  passed  by  Con-  aside   business   as   early  as   11   o'clock."  —  Boston 

gress,  May  8,  1792,  were  introduced  at  the  instiga-  Patriot,  quoted  in  Chronicle,  June  8,  1809. 
tion  of  Gen.  Benjamin  Lincoln  [1786]  with  special 
reference  to  the  Artillery  Company,  viz. :  — 


344  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,8,0 

Gov.  Gore,  met  the  Middlesex  cavalcade  at  Cambridge,  and  together  they  moved 
towards  Boston,  and  proceeded  to  his  Excellency's  residence  in  Park  Place.  His 
Excellency  was  saluted  by  discharges  of  artillery  and  ringing  of  bells  at  Watertown, 
Charlestown,  and  Boston.  The  escort  and  procession  was  the  largest  ever  seen  in  Boston. 
The  number  of  those  on  horseback,  as  counted,  who  crossed  Charles  River  bridge,  was 
eight  hundred  and  ninety-six,  and  the  carriages  about  one  hundred.  In  Charlestown 
the  procession  extended  one  mile  and  a  half. 

His  Excellency  was  dressed  in  the  uniform  of  the  commander-in-chief,  and  was 
accompanied  in  his  carriage  by  his  Honor  the  lieutenant-governor.  The  weather  was 
fine,  and  the  streets  were  filled  with  gratified  spectators.1 

Rev.  John  Foster,  D.  D.,  of  Brighton,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1809.  He  was  born  in  Western,  now  Warren,  Mass.,  April  19,  1763,  and  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1783.  He  married,  in  April,  1785,  Hannah  Webster,  of  Boston. 
Allibone,  in  his  "  Dictionary  of  Authors,"  mentions  Mrs.  Foster  as  having  written  "  The 
Coquette ;  or,  The»History  of  Eliza  Wharton,"  one  of  the  earliest  American  novels. 

A  church  was  organized,  Feb.  27,  1783,  by  the  people  living  within  the  district  now 
called  Brighton.  About  thirty  persons  withdrew  from  churches  in  Cambridge  and 
Newton  to  form  the  First  Church  in  Brighton.  Rev.  Mr.  Foster  was  the  first  pastor  of 
this  newly  organized  church,  and  was  ordained  to  the  Christian  ministry,  and  installed 
as  pastor,  Nov.  1,  1784.  He  was  one  of  the  board  of  overseers  of  Harvard  University, 
a  member  of  various  literary,  benevolent,  and  religious  societies,  and  published  between 
twenty  and  thirty  of  his  sermons.  Dr.  Holmes,  in  the  "Atlantic  Monthly,"  when  he 
portrays  a  few  of  the  early  ministers  of  the  association  with  which  his  father  was  con- 
nected and  whom  he  met  in  his  youth,  says  :  "  Following  in  the  train,  mild-eyed  John 
Foster,  D.  D.,  of  Brighton,  with  the  lambent  aurora  of  a  smile  about  his  pleasant  mouth 
which  not  even  the  Sabbath  could  subdue  to  the  true  Levitical  aspect." 

Rev.  Mr.  Foster  resigned  Oct.  31,  1827,  having  completed  the  forty-third  year  of 
his  ministry.     He  died  at  Brighton,  Sept.  16,  1829,  aged  sixty-six  years. 


^  The  officers  of   the  Artillery  Company  elected   in  1810  were  :  Daniel 

IqIO.  Messinger  (1792),  captain;  Jonathan  Whitney  (1797),  lieutenant;  James 
Bird  (1801),  ensign.  Benjamin  Clark  (1806)  was  first  sergeant;  Robert 
Fennelly  (1806),  second  sergeant;  John  Banister  (1806),  third  sergeant;  Terence 
Wakefield  (1807),  fourth  sergeant;  John  Winslow  (1786),  treasurer;  Dexter  Dana 
(1798),  clerk,  and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

Thoughtful  men  felt  the  necessity  of  doing  everything  possible  to  strengthen  the  hands 
of  the  government  during  those  disturbed  times  which  immediately  preceded  our  last 
war  with  England.  To  this  end,  Josiah  Quincy  was  the  moving  spirit  in  the  organization 
and  equipment  of  a  troop  of  cavalry  called  the  "Hussars."  They  were  splendidly 
mounted  and  equipped.  Mr.  Quincy  was  elected  captain.  The  newspapers  of  that 
time  speak  of  "  his  great  personal  advantage  of  face  and  figure,  set  off  by  his  superb 
uniform,  and  by  his  fine  charger,  'Bayard,'  white  as  snow."     Afterward,  Capt.  Quincy 

Rev.   John    Foster,    D.  D.       Authorities:  x  Columbian  Centinel,  June,  1809. 

Drake's  and  Hurd's  Histories  of  Middlesex  County. 


1810]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  345 

was  promoted  to  the  command  of  a  squadron  of  horse,  consisting  of  the  Hussars  and  the 
Dragoons,  with  the  rank  of  major.  When  peace  was  declared,  the  company  of  Hussars 
was  disbanded,  its  expensiveness  being  very  great.  His  horse,  "  Bayard,"  was  after- 
ward exported  to  Hayti,  and  became  the  favorite  charger  of  the  black  king  Christophe. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1810  were:  Samuel  Alden, 
Edward  Childs,  Samuel  Curtis,  John  Dodd,  Jr.,  Thomas  A.  Drayton,  Ebenezer  O.  Fifield, 
Daniel  L.  Gibbens,  Edward  Gray,  Nathaniel  Heard,  James  Hooper,  Eleazer  G.  House, 
Joseph  Jenkins,  William  King,  Benjamin  Loring,  James  B.  Marston,  Thomas  Redman, 
Michael  Roulstone,  Zachariah  G.  Whitman,  Ezra  Whitney,  Jr.,  John  Whitney,  Silas 
Whitney,  Jr  ,  Abraham  Wood. 

Samuel  Alden  (1810)  is  recorded,  Oct.  1,  1810,  as  having  been  admitted  a  member 
of  the  Company,  but  he  never  signed  the  roll.  .Probably  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  did  not 
consider  Mr.  Alden  (1810)  a  member,  as  he  does  not  mention  him  in  his  history. 

Edward  Childs  (1810)  was  a  livery  stable-keeper,  on  North  Russell  Street,  Boston. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  militia  of  Massachusetts,  and  held  the  position  of  ensign,  but 
never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  Ensign  Edward  Childs  (1810)  died 
Aug.  22,  1826,  aged  forty-three  years. 

Samuel  Curtis  (1810),  a  leather-dresser,  of  Boston,  resided  in  South  Street  Court. 
After  several  years  of  military  service,  he  became,  in  1809,  captain  in  the  Third  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  held  the 
position  of  major  in  the  same  from  1810  to  1814  inclusive.  He  received  the  Masonic 
degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge  in  1806.  Major  Curtis  (1810)  died  Oct.  21,  1820,  aged 
forty-five  years. 

John  Dodd,  Jr.  (1810),  tobacconist,  51  State  Street,  Boston,  son  of  John  and 
Hannah  Dodd,  of  Holden,  was  born  in  that  town,  Nov.  25,  1779.  His  brothers,  Silas 
and  Benjamin,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1816  and  1817  respectively.  "He  had 
a  melodious,  powerful  voice ;  possessed  an  elegant  taste  and  critical  judgment  in  music ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society,  and  did  much  to  improve  the  style  of 
church  music."  He  married,  Oct.  4,  18 10,  Harriet  Perkins,  of  Boston.  He  was 
lieutenant  in  a  company  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massa- 
chusetts Volunteer  Militia,  from  1812  to  1814  inclusive,  and  captain  in  1815  and  1816. 
He  held  the  office  of  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 14,  and  was  its 
lieutenant  in  1817. 

Thomas  A.  Drayton  (1810),  bricklayer,  of  Boston.  He  paraded  with  the  Com- 
pany in  181 1,  but  soon  after  removed  to  Ohio,  and  his  name  was  dropped  from  the  roll. 

Ebenezer  0.  Fifield  (1810),  trader,  of  Boston,  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College 
in  1804.  He  married,  July  6,  1809,  Ann  G.  Gooch.  He  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  Third 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1810  to 
1812,  and  was  promoted  to  be  captain  in  1813.  He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery 
Company. 

Samuel  Curtis  (1810).    Authorities:  Mass.  John  Dodd,  Jr.  (1810).  Authorities:  Whit- 

Military  Rolls;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com-  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company;  Mass.  Military 
pany,  Ed.  1842.  Rolls. 


34^  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[jSio 


Daniel  Lewis  Gibbens  (1810),  grocer,  of  Boston,  son  of  John1  and  Elizabeth 
(Miller)  Gibbens,  was  born  in  Boston,  Nov.  16,  1786.  He  married  (1)  Mary  King,  of 
Shelburne,  N.  S.,  who  died  Jan.  1,  1817,  and  (2)  Mary  R.  Howe,  of  Roxbury,  who  died 
Jan.  9,  1884.  After  serving  for  some  time  in  a  retail  store  in  Braintree,  he  began  business 
in  a  small  wooden  building  between  the  corner  of  Washington  and  Summer  streets  and 
Trinity  Church,  Boston,  where,  by  industry  and  perseverance  during  a  series  of  years  in 
the  retail  grocery  trade,  he  accumulated  a  handsome  property,  and  became  extensively 
known  and  much  respected.  He  was  a  man  of  kind  and  tender  feelings,  very  hospitable, 
and  genial  in  his  manners.  He  was  chosen  ensign  at  the  reorganization  of  the  Boston 
militia  in  1809  ;  lieutenant  from  1810  to  1814;  captain  from  1815  to  1817  ;  major  from 
18 18  to  1821,  and  of  the  Third  Regiment,  of  Boston,  from  1822  to  1824  inclusive.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  for  several  years,  a  member  of  the 
common  council  of  Boston  at  the  institution  of  the  city  government  in  1822,  and  also  in 
the  years  1828,  1829,  1835,  and  1836.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1812,  and  its  captain  in  1824.  "He  was  a  good. officer,  without  ostentation.  Indeed, 
all  his  essential  characteristics  were  generous,  and  more  solid  than  specious." 

Mr.  Gibbens  (18 10)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  of 
Boston  in  181 1,  and  became  a  member  thereof,  Feb.  24,  1812.  He  became  very 
prominent  in  that  body,  and  served  as  its  master  in  18 17,  1818,  and  1827,  and  was 
elected  an  honorary  member,  May  17,  1852.  He  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's 
Chapter,  March  2,  1814,  and  was  its  first  officer  in  1822  and  1823.  On  retiring  from  the 
chair,  he  was  presented  with  a  gold  medal,  as  an  evidence  of  the  good-will  of  the  Chap- 
ter. He  held  the  office  of  grand  high  priest  of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Massachusetts, 
for  three  years,  — 1826-8.  He  died  at  his  residence  in  Dorchester,  Aug.  16,  1853, 
aged  sixty-seven  years. 

Edward  Gray  (1810)  was  a  housewright,  of  Boston.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  informs 
us  that  Mr.  Gray  (1810)  removed  to  New  York  City.  He  is  returned  as  a  member  of 
the  Company  in  the  muster-roll  of  1812,  and  is  recorded  as  third  sergeant  in  1813. 

Nathaniel  Heard  (1810)  was  a  cordwainer,  at  No.  58  Newbury  Street,  Boston.  He 
was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Vol- 
unteer Militia,  in  1804  and  1805  ;  lieutenant  from  1806  to  1808,  and  captain  in  the 
same  from  1809  to  1812.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge  in 
1810,  and  was  admitted  a  member  Sept.  20,  18 10.  He  was  appointed  senior  deacon 
in  1810;  served  as  junior  warden  in  1812  and  1813  ;  was  elected  senior  warden  Dec.  2, 
1813,  and  died  in  office,  March  3,  1814. 

James  Hooper  (18  to),  tailor,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  England.  He  held  the  position 
of  fourth  sergeant  in  the  Artillery  Company  in  1813,  was  made  an  honorary  member  in 
1822,  and  was  discharged  from  the  Company  April  n,  1826.  He  became  a  member  of 
The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in  1813,  and  demitted  Nov.  28,  18 17. 

Daniel   L.  Gibbens   (1810).     Authorities:  'Fitch  Gibbens,  the  father  of  John,  was  born 

Biog.  Sketches  in  By-Laws  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  in  Waterford,  Ireland,  about  1730-40.     At  the  age 

by  Thomas  Waterman;   Obituary,  by  J. T.  Bucking-  of  fifteen  he  was   impressed   on   board  of  one   of 

ham,  Esq.;     Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Com-  his  Majesty's  ships.     On  arriving  at  Boston  he  de- 

pany,  Ed.  1842.  serted,  settled  in  Stoughton,  and  married,  in  1761, 

Nathaniel  Heard  (1810).    Authority:  Hist.  MissCaldwell.    He  died  in  1801.    John  died  March 

of  Columbian  Lodge,  by  John  T.  Heard.  7,  1   21. 


1810]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  347 

Eleazer  G.  House  (1810)  was  a  printer,  at  13  Merchants  Hall,  Boston,  and  resided 
in  Spring  Lane.  He  printed  and  published  the  first  history  of  the  Artillery  Company, 
which  Mr.  Whitman  (18 10)  wrote  in  1820.  Its  title  was,  "An  Historical  Sketch  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  from  Its  Formation  in  1637  to  the  Present 
Time."  The  book  contained  one  hundred  and  ninety-nine  pages,  about  fifty  of  which 
were  a  reprint  of  the  "Names  of  the  Members,"  issued  by  the  Company  in  connection 
with  its  rules  and  regulations,  June  7,  18 19. 

He  was  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Regiment  of  the  Legionary  Brigade  in  1809, 
became  captain  in  the  Boston  Regiment  in  18 10,  and  served  until  1815,  when  he  was 
elected  major,  and  in  1816  and  181 7  he  held  the  position  of  lieutenant-colonel.  He 
was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  181  z.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees 
in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in  the  early  part  of  181 1,  became  a  member  July  29,  181 1, 
and  demitted  Dec.  26,  1846.  He  was  admitted  into  St.  Andrew's  Chapter  March  2, 
1814,  and  resigned  his  membership  Feb.  5,  1840. 

Joseph  Jenkins  (1810),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Southworth  and  Huldah 
(Wright)  Jenkins,  was  born  in  Barre,  Mass.,  Nov.  11,  1781.  He  learned  the  trade  of  a 
carpenter  in  his  native  town,  and  removed  to  Boston  about  1808,.  and  pursued  his  work 
in  this  new  field  with  characteristic  energy.  He  married,  (1)  Dec.  23,  1804,  Mary 
Peabody,  of  Boston,  who  died  Aug.  1,  1816,  and,  (2)  Sept.  16,  1822,  Wealthy  Ann 
Daggett,  of  New  Haven,  Conn.,  who  died  in  New  Haven,  Dec.  26,  1861. 

In  1820  he  made  a  contract  with  the  government  for  the  erection  of  a  custom- 
house at  New  Orleans.  The  contract  was  a  profitable  one,  and  he  returned  to  Boston, 
after  a  year's  absence,  with  a  handsome  profit.  Unfortunately,  he  entered  into  specu- 
lations, which  finally  swept  away  all  his  possessions.  The  last  project  on  which  he  was 
engaged  was  the  erection  of  the  building  known  as  the  "Museum  Building,"  corner  of 
Tremont  and  Bromfield  streets,  which  he  afterwards  converted  into  a  hotel,  and  called 
it  the  "  Montgomery  House."  This  project  finally  ruined  the  financial  prospects  of 
Col.  Jenkins  (1810).  He  struggled  hard  to  regain  what  he  had  lost,  but  all  to  no 
purpose. 

Col.  Jenkins  (1810)  was  a  man  of  good  natural  abilities,  and  of  considerable 
acquirement.  He  delivered  an  address  before  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic 
Association  in  1818,  a  eulogy  on  Aaron  Bean,  before  Columbian  Lodge,  April  20,  1820, 
and  an  address  before  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  Dec.  28, 
1829.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge,  and  became  a  member 
July  5,  1804.  He  served  as  its  master  five  years,  from  1810  to  1812,  and  in  1817  and 
1818.  He  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  Oct.  21,  1809,  and  served  as  its 
high  priest  two  years,  in  1817  and  1818.  He  was  junior  grand  warden  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Massachusetts  in  1819,  and  its  grand  master  in  1830,  1831,  and  1832.  He 
held  the  last-named  office  when  the  Masonic  Temple,  on  Temple  Place,  Boston,  was 
built.  He  was  alderman  of  the  city  of  Boston  in  1822,  representative  in  the  State 
Legislature  in  1823  and  1824,  and  a  prominent  member  and  officer  of  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Mechanic  Association  for  many  years.     He  was  identified  with  the  militia, 

Eleazer   G.   House  (1810).     Authorities:  of  Columbian   Lodge,  by  John  T.  Heard;  Wbit- 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  An- 

Mass.  Military  Rolls.  nals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association. 

Joseph  Jenkins  (1810).    Authorities:  Hist. 


348  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,8I0 

passed  through  the  several  grades  from  ensign  in  1810,  and  became  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  Third  Regiment  in  1822.  "  He  was  a  reflective  and  self-taught  man,  very  indus- 
trious," but  unfortunate. 

He  died  in  Boston,  Oct.  n,  i85i,aged  sixty-nine  years  and  eleven  months,  and 
his  remains  were  buried  at  Forest  Hills  Cemetery. 

William  King  (1810),  hatter,  of  Boston,  brother-in-law  of  Col.  Gibbens  (i3io), 
was  born  at  Shelburne,  N.  S.  He  married,  Sept.  18,  1810;  Eliza  Ingersoll,  of  Boston. 
He  was  an  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment  of  the  Legionary  Brigade  from  1809  to  181 1, 
and  in  181 2  received  a  commission  in  the  United  States  Army.  He  served  through  the 
War  of  1 81 2-4,  and  rose  to  be  captain.  Upon  the  return  of  peace  he  commenced 
business  at  Sackett's  Harbor,  became  president  of  a  bank,  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  New 
York  militia,  and  a  member  of  the  Legislature  of  New  York.  He  died  at  Niagara,  N.  Y., 
in  the  summer  of  1829. 

Benjamin  Loring  (1810),  bookbinder,  of  Boston,  son  of  Joseph  and  Ruth  (Jones) 
Loring,  was  born  in  Hingham,  Dec.  11,  1775.  When  a  youth,  he  was  apprenticed  to 
William  Andrews,  of  Boston,  to  learn  the  trade  of  a  bookbinder.  Immediately  after  the 
close  of  his  apprenticeship  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his  twin-brother,  Josiah,  who 
had  learned  the  same  trade.  This  partnership  continued  until  1803,  when  Benjamin 
(1810)  engaged  extensively  in  the  importation  of  stationery  and  in  the  manufacture  of 
blank  books.     By  economy  and  industry  he  acquired  a  large  fortune. 

He  entered  the  militia  about  1802,  and  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,-  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1810-1  ;  as  a 
captain  from  1812  to  1814;  major  from  1815  to  1817,  and,  being  promoted  to  colonel, 
held  that  office  from  1818  to  1821  inclusive.  He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1814,  lieutenant  in  1816,  captain  in  1818,  and  was  treasurer  of  the  Company 
from  1826  to  1833  inclusive. 

He  was  a  bachelor,  universally  popular  and  justly  esteemed.  He  died  in  Decem- 
ber, 1859. 

James  B.  Marston  (1810)  was  a  painter,  of  Boston.  He  was  very  active  in 
military  matters  from  1804  to'  18 16,  rose  to  the  rank  of  captain  in  the  State  militia,  and 
was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 14.  For  some  years  he  was  a  partner 
of  John  Cotton,  in  the  painting  business.  He  died  on  Saturday,  Aug.  23,  18 17,  aged 
about  thirty-eight  years.  The  military  honors  of  the  funeral  were  performed  by  the 
Rangers,  attended  by  the  officers  of  the  Third  Regiment,  the  officers  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company,  and  the  government  and  members  of  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Mechanic  Association. 

Thomas  Redman  (1810),  paper-stainer,  of  Boston,  married,  Feb.  12,  1797, 
Abigail  Cary.  Mr.  Redman  (1810)  obtained  his  title  of  lieutenant  by  being  quarter- 
master of  the  First  Regiment,  in  the  Legionary  Brigade,  from  1809  to  1812  inclusive. 

William   King  (1810).    Authority:   Whit-  James  B.  Marston  (1810).  Authority:  An- 

man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  nals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association. 

Benjamin    Loring    (1810).      Authorities:  Thomas    Redman    (1810).     Authorities: 

Lincoln's  Hist,  of  Hingham;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  Histories  of  The    Massachusetts    Lodge   and   St. 

and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  Andrew's  Chapter. 


,8,0]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  349 

He  joined  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  April  5,  1802,  and  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  June  20, 
1804.  He  was  master  of  the  former  in  1807  and  1808,  and  demitted  from  the  latter, 
Nov.  11,  1818.  Lieut.  Redman  (1810)  died  in  Cambridge,  April  27,  1820,  aged  forty- 
seven  years.  "  A  worthy,  honest  man,  whose  natural  benevolence  and  urbanity  endeared 
him  to  all  his  acquaintances." 

Michael  Roulstone  (1810),  glazier,  of  Boston,  son  of  George  and  Mary  Roulstone, 
brother  of  Capt.  Andrew  (1811)  and  of  Capt.  John  (1812),  was  born  in  Boston,  May  15, 
1775,  and  died  June  19,  1849. 

Mr.  Roulstone  (18 10)  was  in  the  militia  for  many  years ;  was  ensign  in  the  Second 
Regiment  of  the  Legionary  Brigade  in  1809;  a  captain  from  1810  to  1817  inclusive, 
serving  at  Fort  Independence,  Boston  Harbor,  during  the  War  of  1812,  and  was  lieuten- 
ant-colonel of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  1818  to  182 1 
inclusive.  "  He  was  inclined  to  corpulency,  and  took  great  pride  in  his  military  office. 
A  facetious  friend,  Lieut.  Thomas  Redman  [1810],  advised  him,  when  elected  lieuten- 
ant-colonel, to  purchase  a  new  belt,  made  of  india-rubber."  He  held  the  office  of  second 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1812,  and  ensign  in  1818.  April  2,  1821,  he 
resigned  his  membership  in  the  Company,  but  rejoined  it,  April  9,  1821.  He  and  his 
brother  John  (1812)  took  membership  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  of  Boston,  April  5, 
1802,  and  both  withdrew,  April  27,  1838.  Col.  Michael  Roulstone  (1810)  was  its 
worshipful  master  in  182 1.  He  was  a  charter  member  of  St.  Paul's  Royal  Arch  Chapter, 
Jan.  25,  1819,  and  became  a  member  of  Boston  Commandery,  Knights  Templars, 
March   12,  1822. 

Zachariah  Gardner  Whitman  (1810),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  eldest  son  of  Hon.  Benja- 
min and  Hannah  (Gardner)  Whitman,  of  Boston,  whose  ancestor  was  John  Whitman, 
freeman,  1638,  one  of  the  first  planters  and  proprietors  of  Bridgewater,  was  born  in 
Providence,  R.  I.,  Feb,  10,  1789,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1807.  He 
married,  (1)  Dec.  3,  1812,  Maria,  daughter  of  Major  John  (1788)  and  Sarah  Bray,  of 
Boston,  who  died  May  10,  1821  ;  (2)  July  23,  1821,  Maria,  daughter  of  Benjamin  and 
Mary  Abrams,  who  died  June  14,  1839  ;   and  married,  (3)  at  Boscawen,  N.  H.,  Asenath 

Jane ,  with  whom  he  lived  but  a  short  time. 

He  studied  law,  and  entered  upon  its  practice  in  Boston.  "  He  waded  through 
much  social  trouble,"  says  his  biographer,  in  the  "History  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,"  second  edition,  page  376  ;  "but  his  biography  may  best  be  summed 
up  by  saying  that  Freemasonry,  this  ancient  corps,  Episcopacy,  and  Antiquarianism  were 
the  objects  of  his  unwearied  favor."  "The  manuscript  of  the  history,  left  at  his  decease, 
was  given  by  his  widow  to  the  Artillery  Company,  together  with  seven  volumes  of  anni- 
versary Artillery  sermons,  the  most  perfect  collection  [then]  extant.  The  Company 
generously  acknowledged  this  donation  by  one  hundred  dollars  in  return."  Lieut.  Whit- 
man (1810)  was  the  compiler  of  a  history  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Com- 
pany, which  was  issued  in  1820.  This  was  "revised  and  enlarged"  by  the  same  compiler, 
in  the  manuscript  above  mentioned.  It  was  intended,  or  hoped,  to  publish  this  revised 
and  enlarged  history  in  commemoration  of  the  two  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  Corn- 
Michael  Roulstone  (1810).  Authorities:  Zachariah  G.  Whitman  (1810).  Authori- 
Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1 842;  TIES:  Records  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  and  St. 
Records  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge.                               Andrew's  Chapter;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. 

Company,  Ed.  1842. 


35°  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l8l0 

pany,  but,  "for  reasons  unknown,  was  postponed."  The  compiler  never  realized  his 
hope  to  see  his  work  in  print;  but,  dying  in  1840,  the  publication  of  the  history  was 
intrusted  to  Samuel  A.  Allen  (1836),  George  M.  Thatcher  (1839),  and  George  H.  Whit- 
man (1829),  a  committee  of  the  Company.  It  was  issued  in  1842,  and  is  a  monument 
to  the  memory  of  its  compiler.  The  records  of  the  Artillery  Company  also  bear  evidence 
of  the  systematic  and  painstaking  labor  of  Lieut.  Whitman  (1810),  who  served  the  Com- 
pany so  long  and  faithfully  as  its  clerk.  It  was  through  his  patient  toil  that  the  third 
transcript  of  the  Company's  records  was  made. 

Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  received  the  degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in  March 
and  April,  181 1,  and  became  a  member  May  27,  181 1.  He  was  a  prominent  Mason, 
filled  nearly  every  office  in  the  Lodge  in  turn  until  1818,  when  he  was  elected  master, 
and  held  that  office  two  years.  He  joined  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  Jan.  22,  1812,  and 
held  offices  in  that  body.  He  delivered  an  address  before  the  Chapter,  Nov.  15,  1815, 
and  before  his  Lodge,  Dec.  26,  1822.  The  latter  was  printed.  He  became  a  member 
of  Boston  Commandery,  Knights  Templars,  July  17,  18 15. 

He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1816,  lieutenant  in  1819,  and 
clerk  in  1816  and  1817,  1820,  and  from  1825  to  1829;  also  ensign  in  the  local  militia 
from  1810  to  1814. 

He  died  at  Boscawen,  N.  H.,  —  where  he  resided  the  last  nine  years  of  his  life, — 
March  n,  1840,  aged  fifty-one  years.  "Though  hasty  in  temperament,  he  was  a  man 
of  good  motives  and  strict  integrity."  His  body  was  brought  to  Boston,  and  buried 
under  St.  Matthew's  Church,  of  which  he  had  been  a  strong  supporter.  The  Artillery 
Company  was  represented  at  the  funeral  by  many  of  its  members. 

John  Winslow  Whitman,  whose  name  was  changed  to  George  H.  Whitman,  brother 
of  Zachariah  G.  Whitman  (1810),  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1829,  and  another 
brother,  Caleb  S.  Whitman,  joined  in  1827. 

Ezra  Whitney,  Jr.  (1810),  of  Boston,  son  of  Ezra  (1787),  paraded  with  the  Artil- 
lery Company  in  181 1,  and  was  honorably  discharged  in  1812. 

John  Whitney  (1810),  truckman,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Capt.  Silas,  Jr.  (1810),  and 
son  of  Silas,  was  born  in  1785.  He  was  an  ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment  of  the 
Legionary  Brigade  from  1809  to  1814  inclusive.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in 
The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  and  took  membership  Feb.  22,  1813.  He  died  at  Cambridge, 
June  21,  1826,  aged  forty-one  years. 

Silas  Whitney,  Jr.  (1810),  truckman,  and  afterward  innkeeper,  of  Boston  and 
Charlestown,  brother  of  Ensign  John  (1810),  and  son  of  Silas,  was  born  in  178 1.  He 
was  captain  in  the  Second  Regiment  of  the  Third  Brigade  from  1810  to  1814  inclusive. 
He  died  at  Charlestown,  in  January,  r824,  aged  forty-three  years. 

Abraham  Wood  (18 10),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  paraded  with  the  Artillery  Company 
in  181 1,  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Company  in  1813,  and  was  honorably  discharged 
in  1815.     He  died  at  Northboro,  Mass.,  in  July,  1821,  aged  thirty-five  years. 

The  first  Monday  in  April,  1810,  was  a  day  appointed  by  the  Constitution  of  the 
Commonwealth  for  the  choice  of  a  governor,  and  the   Legislature  had  passed  a  law 


MEETING-HOUSE,    FIRST   CHURCH,    CHAUNCY    PLACE. 


1810J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  35  I 

forbidding  military  parades  on  that  day;  therefore  the  Artillery  Company  paraded  on 
Friday,  April  6,  1810,  under  the  command  of  Lieut. -Col.  Osgood  (1797).  The  Rev. 
Charles  Lowell  was  chosen  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  the  next  June. 

At  a  meeting  April  30,  Messrs.  Jonathan  Loring,  Jr.  (1792),  Daniel  Messinger 
(1792),  Henry  Messinger  (1800),  Dexter  Dana  (1798),  Caswell  Beal  (1806),  David 
Francis  (1806),  and  William  Abrams,  Jr.  (1807),  were  appointed  a  committee  to  consider 
the  matter  of  uniform,  and  to  report  their  opinion  as  to  other  measures  that  might  be 
adopted  to  promote  the  prosperity  of  the  Company. 

May  7,  1810,  the  Company  made  their  second  public  parade  for  the  season,  and 
performed  the  usual  duties,  commanded  by  Lieut. -Col.  Osgood  (1797).  Special  meet- 
ings were  held  May  21  and  May  28. 

Monday,  June  4,  1810,  being  the  anniversary  day,  the  usual  duties  were  performed. 
Rev.  Charles  Lowell  delivered  the  sermon  in  the  First  Church,  on  Summer  Street. 
Dinner  was  served  in  Faneuil  Hall,  and  the  election  was  held  on  the  Common.  The 
following-named  gentlemen  were  chosen  officers  for  the  ensuing  year  :  Lieut.-Col.  Daniel 
Messinger  (1792),  captain;  Capt.  Jonathan  Whitney  (1797),  lieutenant;  Mr.  James 
Bird  (1801),  ensign;  Messrs.  Benjamin  Clark  (1806),  Robert  Fennelly  (1806),  John 
Banister  (1806),  Terence  Wakefield  (1807),  sergeants;  Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786), 
treasurer;  Mr.  Dexter  Dana  (1798),  clerk,  and  Capt.  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  superin- 
tendent of  the  armory. 

Special  meetings  were  held  June  18  and  June  25.  At  the  latter  the  committee  on 
uniform  reported,  that  in  the  opinion  of  the  committee  it  would  be  for  the  interest  of  the 
Company  to  adopt  the  following  as  the  uniform  of  the  Company,  viz  ,  "Chapeau  de  bras, 
fantail  cockade,  white  loup  and  button,  large  black  plume  ;  blue  coat,  wide  red  facings, 
white  buttons  and  lining,  lace  holes  on  the  collar  and  lace  diamonds  on  the  skirts ; 
white  cassimere  small  clothes  and  white  Mersailles  waistcoat ;  long  black  gaiters  and 
black  stocks  on  field  days ;  long  white  gaiters  and  white  stocks  on  Election  day.  The 
committee  further  recommend  that  sixty-four  stands  of  arms,  cartridge  boxes  and  belts 
be  purchased  and  placed  in  the  armory,  to  be  paid  for  out  of  the  Company's  funds." 

Meetings  were  held  at  Faneuil  Hall  (probably  in  the  town  clerk's  room)  July  9,  16, 
and  23.  At  the  latter  it  was  "voted,  unanimously,  that  the  uniform  of  Col.  Daniel 
Messinger  [1792]  exhibited  this  evening  be  the  pattern  that  the  Company  shall  make 
theirs  by,  with  convex  buttons  on  the  coat  and  small  white  plain  metal  buttons  on  the 
small  clothes."  A  committee  was  also  appointed  "  to  collect  from  the  Company  records 
such  votes  as  are  necessary  to  be  printed  as  regulations  for  the  use  of  members  of  the 
Company." 

Meetings  for  business  or  exercise  were  held  July  30,  Aug.  6,  13,  21,  and  23.  The 
committee  on  collating  the  votes  from  the  records,  and  preparing  rules  and  regulations 
for  the  government  of  the  Company,  reported  as  follows  :  — 

Rules  and  Regulations  for  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company 
of  Massachusetts.     Incorporated  1638. 

article  i. of  candidates. 

Section  ist.  Persons  wishing  to  become  members  shall  make  applications,  in 
writing,  to  the  Clerk,  who  shall  give  their  names  to  the  Commanding  officer,  to  be  by 
him  proposed  at  the  next  meeting  of  the  Company. 


352  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,810 

Section  2D.  Every  candidate  shall  stand  proposed  one  meeting  before  he  be 
balloted  for,  and  not  then  to  be  admitted,  unless  he  obtain  two  thirds  of  the  votes  of  the 
members  present.  If  admitted,  he  shall  sign  the  Company's  book,  pay  fifteen  dollars, 
and  find  two  sureties,  satisfactory  to  the  commander,  to  be  responsible  for  his  compli- 
ance with  the  Rules  of  the  Company. 

Section  3D.  No  person  can  be  an  eligible  candidate  unless  he  be  twenty-one  years 
of  age. 

ARTICLE    II.  —  OF   ARMS   AND   UNIFORM. 

Section  ist.  The  officers  and  privates  of  the  Company  shall  be  furnished  with  arms 
and  equipments,  from  the  Armory,  according  to  law.  The  non-commissioned  officers  to 
carry  halberds. 

Section  2D.  The  uniform  of  the  Company  to  be  as  follows:  Hat, —  chapeau  de 
bras,  ornamented  with  a  fantail  cockade,  silver  loup  and  button,  and  a  full  black  plume, 
eighteen  inches  long;  Coat,  deep  blue  superfine  cloth,  with  red  facings  and  white 
linings,  blue  shoulder  straps  edged  with  red,  two  silver  laced  button  holes  each  side  of 
the  collar,  diamond  on  each  skirt,  and  white  convex  buttons,  stamped  with  the  arms  of 
the  State,  and  the  word  "  Commonwealth  ;  "  Waistcoat,  white  Marseilles,  single-breasted, 
with  a  standing  collar ;  Small  clothes,  fine  white  cassimere,  with  white  metal  button  on 
the  knees;  White  stock;  Gaiters,  fine  white  linen,  to  come  up  to  the  knee  pan  over  the 
small  clothes,  with  black  buttons ;  a  black  velvet  knee  strap,  with  a  white  buckle.  The 
shoes  to  be  short,  quartered  and  tied,  long  hair  to  be  braided  and  turned  up  and 
the  whole  to  wear  powder.  The  above  is  the  uniform  of  the  Company  to  be  worn  on  the 
anniversary.  On  other  field  days,  the  stock  to  be  black  and  the  gaiters  to  be  of  fine 
black  cassimere,  with  black  buttons,  of  the  same  length  with  the  white  and  worn  in  the 
same  manner. 

ARTICLE   III.  —  DUTY  AND    POWER   OF   OFFICERS. 

Section  ist.  The  Commanding  Officer  shall  have  power  to  remit  fines  of  the 
members  for  non-attendance,  provided  an  excuse  is  offered  to  his  satisfaction  within 
eight  days,  and  shall  give  the  member  thus  excused  a  certificate  authorizing  the  Clerk  to 
remit  the  same. 

Section  2D.  He  shall  give  all  his  orders  to  the  Clerk  in  writing,  except  those  given 
in  presence  of  the  Company,  at  the  place  of  parade  or  exercise,  to  be  by  him  passed 
down. 

ARTICLE   IV.  —  CLERK'S   DUTY. 

Section  ist.  The  Clerk  shall,  on  receiving  orders  from  the  Commander,  imme- 
diately transmit  the  same  to  the  proper  officers ;  he  shall  insert  the  names  of  all  candi- 
dates on  the  notifications  for  the  meetings  on  which  they  are  to  be  balloted  for  ;  and  for 
the  neglect  thereof  shall  pay  a  fine  of  two  dollars. 

Section  2D.  He  shall  record  all  the  orders  he  receives,  the  meetings  of  the  Com- 
pany and  the  business  done  at  said  meetings ;  all  reports  of  committees,  and  the 
admission  of  members  and  for  the  neglect  of  either  of  them,  shall  pay  a  fine  of  $2, 

Section  3D.  He  shall  make  out  and  present  every  member  with  a  bill  of  his  assess- 
ments, and  fines  ^within  one  month  from  the  time  of  the  same  being  laid ;  and  if  said 
assessments,  and  fines  are  not  paid  within  sixty  days,  he  shall  report  the  delinquent  to  the 
Company  at  the  next  meeting  after  the  expiration  of  said  sixty  days,  and  for  the  neglect 
of  this  rule,  shall  pay  a  fine  of  three  dollars. 


l8io]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  353 

Section  4TH.  He  shall  keep  a  regular  account  of  all  money  by  him  received  and 
shall  pay  the  same  to  the  Treasurer,  once  at  least  in  three  months,  taking  his  receipt 
therefor ;  and  for  the  neglect  thereof  shall  pay  a  fine  of  ten  dollars. 

Section  5TH.  He  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the  Company  at  the  time  ordered, 
under  the  penalty  of  $1,  for  each  neglect. 

Section  6th.  He  shall  not,  in  any  instance,  whatever,  remit  a  fine  to  a  member, 
unless  by  order  of  the  Commanding  officer,  under  the  penalty  of  five  dollars. 

ARTICLE   V.  —  TREASURER'S   DUTY. 

He  shall  keep  the  funds  of  the  Company,  and  receive  all  money  from  the  Clerk, 
giving  him  a  receipt  therefor.  All  money  received  for  the  admission  of  members  shall 
be  added  to  the  funds,  and  assessments  and  fines  be  appropriated  to  defray  the  expenses 
of  the  Company.  The  Treasurer  shall  pay  all  bills  against  the  Company  which  may  have 
been  approved  by  any  one  of  the  Standing  Committee. 

ARTICLE   VI.  —  DUTIES   OF   MEMBERS. 

Section  ist.  Every  member,  those  hereafter  excepted,  shall  attend  the  Sergeants 
drill  when  ordered. 

Section  2D.  At  every  meeting  regularly  notified  by  order  of  the  Commander,  there 
shall  be  a  first  and  second  roll-call,  and  every  member,  those  hereafter  excepted,  absent 
at  one,  or  both,  shall  pay  the  fine  agreeable  to  the  7th  Art.  of  the  Regulations. 

Section  3D.  Every  member  who  neglects  complying  with  the  Rules  of  the  Company 
for  one  year,  shall  be  notified  thereof  by  the  Clerk,  and  his  name  returned  to  the  Stand- 
ing Committee  ;  and,  if  he  does  not,  within  thirty  days  from  the  time  of  receiving  such 
notification,  render  an  excuse  to  the  satisfaction  of  said  committee,  he  shall  be  no 
longer  considered  a  member,  and  his  name  shall  be  returned  to  the  Commander  of  the 
Military  District,  in  which  he  resides. 

article  vii. 

Fines  for  Non-Commissioned  Officers.  Non-attendance  at  drills,  50  cts.  Non- 
attendance  at  a  meeting,  first  roll-call,  25  cts ;  If  absent  the  whole  evening,  50  cts.  On 
the  three  meetings  for  exercise  preceding  the  anniversary,  non-attendance  at  first 
roll-call,  $1.25.  Non-attendance  the  whole  evening,  $2.50.  Absence  on  Field-days  $2. 
Neglecting  to  warn  the  Company  in  season,  75  cts. 

Fines  for  members.  Non-attendance  at  drill,  50  cts.  Non-attendance  at  a  meeting, 
first  roll-call,  25  cts.  If  absent  the  whole  evening,  50  cts.  On  the  three  meetings  for 
exercise  preceding  the  Anniversary,  non-attendance,  first  roll-call,  $1.  Non-attendance 
the  whole  evening,  $2.     Absence  on  Field-days,  $2. 

article  viii.  —  exceptions  from  fines  &c. 

Section  ist.  All  members,  who  have  served,  and  all  members,  who  shall  hereafter 
have  served  twenty  years  in  the  Company,  and  are  exempt  from  Military  duty  by  law, 
shall,  at  their  own  request,  be  excused  from  all  fines  and  assessments,  except  the  assess- 
ment for  the  Anniversary  dinner,  which  shall  be  paid  by  every  member  of  the  Company. 

Section  2D.  All  members,  who  have  served,  and  all  members,  who  shall  hereafter 
have  served  fifteen  years  in  the  Company  and  are  exempt  by  law  from  Military  duty, 


354  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,810 

shall,  at  their  own  request,  be  exempt  from  all  evening  fines,  except  the  three  exercising 
evenings  next  preceding  the  Anniversary  Election  of  Officers  in  June,  at  which  meeting, 
they  shall  be  bound  to  attend. 

ARTICLE   IX.  —  OF   COMMITTEES. 

Section  ist.  Every  member  appointed  on  a  committee,  if  he  accepts,  shall  duly 
attend  to  the  duty  assigned  him,  at  the  time  and  place  appointed  by  the  Chairman ; 
which  office  shall  be  filled  by  the  first  member  chosen ;  and  every  committee  shall  make 
report  of  their  doings  at  the  meeting  next  after  they  are  elected. 

Section  2D.  The  Commissioned  Officers  shall  be  the  Standing  Committee  for  the 
year.  It  shall  be  their  duty  to  examine  and  pass  all  bills  against  the  Company,  to 
determine  who  shall  have  forfeited  their  membership  agreeable  to  the  3d  Section  of  the 
VII  Article,  and  to  superintend  the  affairs  of  the  Company  generally. 

N.  B.  The  Field  days  are  :  for  the  Election  of  Officers,  the  first  Monday  of  June 
invariably,  and  the  first  Mondays  of  April,  May,  September,  and  October,  if  suitable 
weather,  if  not,  on  the  Friday  following. 

(Signed)     Daniel  Messinger  [1792],  per  Order. 

The  foregoing  report  of  Rules  and  Regulations  being  read,  a  motion  was  made  and 
seconded  to  accept  them,  which  being  put,  passed  unanimously. 

Monday,  Sept.  3,  181  o,  the  Company  paraded  under  command  of  Col.  Daniel 
Messinger  (1792).  It  also  met  Sept.  17  and  24  for  exercise.  A  parade  was  also  held 
Oct.  1,  18 10,  and  a  meeting  for  exercise,  Oct.  5. 

It  had  been  the  custom  for  the  president  of  the  Senate  and  speaker  of  the  House 
to  attend  the  commander-in-chief  on  the  occasion  of  the  Artillery  election,  but  this  year 
the  Legislature  refused  to  permit  them  to  do  so.  The  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev. 
Charles  Lowell,  in  the  First  Church,  in  Chauncy  Place.  In  company  with  many  other 
guests  at  the  dinner,  his  Excellency  Mr.  Jackson,  the  British  minister,  was  present. 
Mr.  Jackson  offered  the  following  volunteer  toast :  "  Perpetual  harmony  between  Great 
Britain  and  the  United  States.  May  the  sword  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
be  drawn  against  those  who  would  interrupt  it."1  Hon.  Mr.  Otis  offered:  "May  our 
prejudices  against  the  British  nation,  like  those  against  her  minister,  vanish  upon  a  more 
intimate  acquaintance."3 

Rev.  Charles  Lowell,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1810. 
He  was  a  son  of  Hon.  John  and  Rebecca  (Russell)  Lowell,  and  was  born  in  Boston, 
Aug.  15,  1782.     He  entered  Phillips  Academy,  at  Andover,  Mass.,  as  a  student,  and 

Rev.  Charles  Lowell,  D.  D.    Authorities:  be  drawn  against  all  who  would  oppose  our  return 

Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit;    The  West  to  colonial  submission.     Dreadful  event!     Ameri- 

Church  and  its  Ministers,  —  Fiftieth  Anniversary  of  cans,  prepare  to  bow  the  neck  before  this  redoubt- 

the  Ordination  of  Rev.  Charles  Lowell,  D.  D.  able  phalanx." — Independent   Chronicle,   June   7, 

1810. 

'  "Battle  of  the  Windmills  — or,  Revival  of  2  An  imitation  was  extended  by  the  Ancient 

Knight  Errantry!  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  to  Mr.  Francis 

'"Perpetual  harmony  between   the   U.  States  J.  Jackson,  "British  minister  in  Boston,"  to  attend 

and  Great  Britain  —  May  the  swords  of  the  Antient  the   anniversary  exercises.     He   accepted   and   was 

and  honorable  Artillery  be  drawn  against  those  who  present,  which  was  the  occasion  of  much  lamenta- 

would  interrupt  it.'     The  swords  of  two  and  thirty  tion  and  squibbing  on  the  part  of  the  Independent 

men,  led  on  by  the  valiant  Hero  of  Copenhagen,  to  Chronicle  of  June  4,  7,  II,  and  14,  iSio. 


_A*h*.ihle!>  TrUl^f 


i8u]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  355 

remained  there  three  or  four  years,  and  afterwards  completed  his  preparation  for  college 
in  South  Bridgewater,  Mass.  He  entered  Harvard  College  as  a  sophomore  in  1797. 
After  graduation,  in  1800,  he  studied  law  one  year,  and  then  relinquished  it  for  theology. 
In  1802  he  went  to  Scotland,  studied  divinity  at  Edinburgh,  where  he  remained  until 
1804.  Subsequently  he  travelled  through  Europe,  and  returned  home  in  1805.  He  was 
ordained  and  installed  as  pastor  of  the  West  Church,  in  Boston,  Jan.  1,  1806.  He 
married,  in  October,  1806,  Harriet  B.  Spencer,  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.  Prof.  James 
Russell  Lowell,  of  Cambridge,  was  their  son. 

Mr.  Lowell  remained  as  pastor  of  the  West  Church  for  thirty-seven  years.  Mr. 
Cyrus  A.  Bartol  was  set  apart  as  Mr.  Lowell's  colleague  in  March,  1837,  but  Dr.  Lowell 
continued  his  pastoral  relation  as  long  as  he  lived.  Harvard  College  conferred  upon 
him  the  degree  of  D.  D.  in  1823.  Soon  after  the  ordination  of  his  colleague  he  visited 
Europe,  and  returned  in  1840.  He  died  suddenly  at  Cambridge,  Jan.  20,  1861,  aged 
seventy-eight  years. 


q  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected   in  181 1  were:    Arnold 

IOl  I.Welles  (1811),  captain;  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  lieutenant,  and  George 
Blanchard  (1794),  ensign.  Samuel  T.  Armstrong  (1807)  was  first  sergeant; 
George  Welles  (1807),  second  sergeant;  Peter  Conant,  Jr.  (1807),  third  sergeant;  Asa 
Ward  (1808),  fourth  sergeant;  George  Blanchard  (1794),  treasurer;  Dexter  Dana 
(1798),  clerk,  and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  181 1  were  :  Joseph  D.  Annable, 
Isaiah  Atkins,  David  W.  Bradlee,  Robert  Clark,  William  Cutter,  William  Fernald,  Joseph 
Lewis,  Andrew  Roulstone,  Joshua  Simonds,  Frink  Stratton,  George  Sullivan,  Daniel  L. 
Ware,  Horatio  Gates  Ware,  Moses  Watson,  Arnold  Welles,  Thomas  Wells. 

Joseph  D.  Annable  (18 n),  housevvright  and  grocer,  of  Boston,  was  of  the  firm 
of  Annable  &  Cotting,  West  India  goods,  85  Cambridge  Street,  in  1820.  He  was 
lieutenant  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  Massachusetts  Volun- 
teer Militia,  in  1810,  1811,  and  1812,  and  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Artillery 
Company  in  181 2. 

Isaiah  Atkins  (181 1),  tinman,  of  Boston,  was  a  captain  in  the  militia,  but  never 
held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company,  from  which  he  was  honorably  discharged  in  18 14. 

David  W.  Bradlee  (1811),  was  a  wine  merchant,  at  24  Merchants  Row,  Boston. 
He  was  armorer  for  the  Artillery  Company  in  1815,  and  from  1819  to  1832.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  board  of  health  in  Boston  for  several  years,  of  the  common  council  from 
Ward  9  in  1827,  and  a  man  of  noble  and  philanthropic  spirit. 

"  In  the  year  1800,  a  number  of  young  men  in  Boston  formed  a  society  for  Masonic 
improvement,  called  'The  Melenium  Society.'  Subsequently,  most  of  them  united  with 
The  Massachusetts  Lodge.  The  last  survivor  of  this  society,  who  joined  the  Lodge,  was 
David  W.  Bradlee  [181 1].  He  carried  with  him  into  the  private  concerns  of  life,  and 
the  various  public  offices  he  held,-  a  great  proportion  of  the  genuine  principles  of  the 

David  W.  Bradlee  (181 1).      Authority:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


356  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [jg,, 

Order.  ...  As  a  member  of  the  board  of  health  of  Boston  for  several  years,  he  stood 
pre-eminent  among  his  fellows.  While  the  malignant  fever  raged,  peculiarly  in  his  ward, 
in  1819,  he  visited  the  sick  and  acted  as  nurse  and  doctor  for  them.  Nurses  were  not 
to  be  had  by  the  poor,  and  scarcely  by  the  rich,  even  at  the  most  exorbitant  rate  ;  yet 
he,  a  gentleman  of  nice  sensibility  and  educated  a  merchant,  considered  it  no  degrada- 
tion to  administer  to  their  comfort  by  performing,  at  that  critical  period  of  exposure, 
even  the  most  menial  offices."  ' 

He  died  in  March,  1833,  aged  sixty-eight  years. 

Robert  Clark  (1811),  of  Boston,  was  a  shopkeeper.  He  was  a  son  of  Thomas  and 
Jane  (Craig)  Clark,  of  Londonderry,  N.  H.  He  married,  (2)  July  4,  1816,  Sally 
Wyman,  of  Charlestown.  He  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain  in  the  militia,  and  in  1812, 
in  which  year  he  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Artillery  Company,  he  received  a 
subaltern's  commission  in  the  United  States  Army.  He  died  in  the  service  on  the 
frontiers. 

William  Cutter  (1811)  was  a  rope-maker,  of  Boston.  He  remained  in  the  Com- 
pany but  a  short  time,  being  honorably  discharged  in  1813,  and  he  died  in  October, 
1822,  aged  forty-one  years.     He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

William  Fernald  (1811),  leather-dresser,  of  Charlestown,  was  born  in  1781.  He 
married,  (1)  published  Aug.  19,  1804,  Mary  Souther,  of  Haverhill,  and,  (2)  July  29, 
1806,  Sally  Carleton.  He  was  colonel  of  the  Fifth  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  Third 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  called  the  "Charlestown  Regiment,"  from 
1819  to  1822  inclusive.  He  was  admitted  to  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  March  30,  1814,  and 
resigned  his  membership  Aug.  4,  1824.  Col.  Fernald  (181 1)  died  Dec.  15,  1834,  aged 
fifty-three  years. 

Joseph  Lewis  (181 1),  baker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Josiah  and  Anne  (Carr)  Lewis,  was 
born  on  Hanover  Street,  in  Boston,  May  7,  1783.  He  was  educated  in  Boston  public 
schools,  attending  chiefly  Master  Tileston's  school  at  the  North  End,  where  he  received 
a  Franklin  medal  in  1796.  He  married,  (1)  Aug.  27,  1809,  Sibeller  French,  of  Boston, 
and,  (2)  Aug.  2,  1818,  Rebecca  Shepherd,  of  Dedham.  On  leaving  school  he  was 
apprenticed  to  Joseph  Kettell,  a  baker.  At  the  age  of  twenty-one  years  he  began  busi- 
ness for  himself,  hiring  an  unused  but  once  well-known  bakehouse,  on  Ann  Street.  He 
pursued  his  business  in  that  locality  for  several  years,  and  by  industry  and  integrity 
acquired  a  handsome  property.  He  subsequently  formed  a  partnership  with  James 
Weld,  —  James  Weld  &  Co.,  —  and  carried  on  a  ship-bread  baking  and  flour  business 
at  95  Broad  Street.  The  firm  was  dissolved  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Lewis  (1811).  He 
resided  in  North  Square,  afterwards  in  Unity  Street,  and  finally  in  South  Street,  near 
Summer,  where  he  had  lived,  at  the  time  of  his  decease,  March  22,  1858,  for  more  than 
twenty  years. 

Robert  Clark  (1811).    Authorities:  Whit-  Joseph  Lewis  (1S11).    Authority:  Annals 

man's  Hist.  A.  and   H.  A.  Company,  Ed.   1842;  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association. 
Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates.  'Appendix   to   Mr.  Z.  G.  Whitman's   (1810) 

William  Fernald  (1811).   Authorities:  Wy-  address  before  The    Massachusetts    Lodge,    Dec. 

man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;   Whit-  26,1822. 
man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


i8ii]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  357 

During  the  war  of  1813-5  he  was  ensign  in  one  of  the  companies  in  the  First 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  Boston, 
and  was  lieutenant  from  1816  to  1820  inclusive.  In  1825  he  was  ensign  of  the  Inde- 
pendent Corps  of  Cadets,  lieutenant  in  1823  and  1824,  and  captain  in  1825.  He  was 
an  overseer  of  the  poor  of  Boston  for  twenty-six  years ;  director  of  House  of  Reforma- 
tion for  several  years;  one- of  the  founders,  and  secretary,  of  the  Handel  and  Haydn 
Society,  holding  the  last-named  office  sixteen  years ; .  secretary  of  the  Massachusetts 
Charitable  Mechanic  Association  from  1828  to  1836  inclusive,  and  its  president  from 
1840  to  1843.  He  was  a  member  of  the  General  Court  from  1832  to  1835,  and  in  1840 
and  1841.  He  joined  the  Artillery  Company  April  22,  181 1,  and  was  honorably  dis- 
charged May  27,  1816.  "His  manners  were  simple  and  unostentatious,  his  character 
unblemished,  and  his  death  peaceful." 

Andrew  Roulstone  (181 1),  wheelwright,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  George  and  Mary 
Roulstone,  of  Boston,  was  born  April  5,  1773.  He  married,  Feb.  1,  1795,  Elizabeth 
Turner,  by  whom  he  had  seven  children.  "  He  was  a  popular  and  patriotic  citizen,  and 
was  foremost  in  the  celebration  of  the  national  holidays."  His  brother,  Michael,  joined 
the  Artillery  Company  in  1810,  and  another,  John,  joined  it  in  1812.  Andrew  Roul- 
stone (1811)  was  captain  of  a  battery  of  artillery  in  Charlestown,  and  was  third  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  181 5.  He  owned  houses  on  Brooks  and  Graves  streets, 
Charlestown,  and  his  shops  were  on  Chambers  Street.  His  estate  inventoried  six  thou- 
sand eight  hundred  dollars.     He  died  in  1834. 

Joshua  Simonds  (181 1)  was  a  printer,  of  Boston.  In  1820  he  resided  on  Lynde 
Street.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massa- 
chusetts Volunteer  Militia,  from  iSioto  1812  inclusive,  lieutenant  in  the  same  from  1813 
to  1817  inclusive,  and  captain  from  1818  to  1824  inclusive.  He  never  held  office  in  the 
Artillery  Company.     He  died  Jan.  29,  1825,  aged  forty-five  years. 

Frink  Stratton  (181 1),  grocer  and  auctioneer,  of  Boston.  His  residence  was  No.  9 
North  Russell  Street.  He  was  ensign  of  the  Second  Sublegion  of  Infantry  in  1804-5, 
lieutenant  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Legionary  Brigade,  in  1809,  and  captain  in  the  same 
in  1810  and  181 1.     He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Artillery  Company  in  1812. 

George  Sullivan  (181 1),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  sixth  son  of  Gov.  James  and  Hetty 
(Odiorne)  Sullivan,  and  brother  of  Lieut.-Col.  John  Langdon  Sullivan  (1812),  and  of 
Gen.  William  Sullivan  (1819),  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  22,  1783.  He  entered  the 
Latin  School  in  1791,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1801.  He  married,  Jan.  26, 
1809,  Sarah  Bowdoin,  daughter  of  Hon.  Thomas  L.  Winthrop  (1837),  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor. After  the  completion  of  his  studies  for  admission  to  the  bar,  he  accompanied 
Hon.  James  Bowdoin,  United  States  minister,  to  Spain,  and  acted  as  his  secretary.  By 
profession  he  was  a  lawyer.  He  was  the  first  person  elected  as  lieutenant  of  the  New 
England  Guards,  1812-3,  and  in  1812  he,  with  a  force,  was  detailed  to  protect 
Charlestown  Navy  Yard,  then  threatened  by  British  cruisers ;  afterward  was  promoted 

Andrew  Roulstone  (1811).  Authority:  ing's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators;  Whitman's 
Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates.  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  New  Eng. 

George  Sullivan  (1811).   Authorities:  Lor-      Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1863,  1865,  1867. 


358  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,8u 

to  captain,  1814-5.  Being  an  aide-de-camp  on  Gov.  Sullivan's  staff  in  1809,  he 
obtained  the  rank  and  title  of  lieutenant-colonel.  He  was  judge  advocate  of  the  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1813  to  1820,  a  representative  in  the 
General  Court  from  Boston,  and  a  senator  from  Suffolk  County.  He  was  appointed  by 
Gov.  Eustis  to  adjust  the  claims  of  Massachusetts  against  the  United  States  government, 
incurred  by  the  war. 

He  enjoyed  the  special  friendship  of  President  Monroe  (1817),  who,  with  his  suite, 
were  his  guests  at  his  residence  on  Beacon  Street,  when  the  President  visited  Boston. 
Mr.  Sullivan  (1811)  soon  after  removed  to  New  York  City,  and  was  engaged  in  his 
profession  until  advancing  years  compelled  him  to  relinquish  it. 

Mrs.  Sullivan  died  in  1864,  at  Pau,  in  the  south  of  France,  where  her  husband  had 
previously  joined  her,  and  where  he  also  died,  Dec.  14,  1866,  aged  eighty-three  years. 
Both  were  buried  in  its  cemetery.  He  was  "  a  gentleman  of  polished  manners  and 
truly  estimable  reputation." 

Daniel  L.  Ware  (1811),  painter,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Horatio  G.  (1811),  and  son 
of  Melatiah  and  Chloe  (Mann)  Ware,  was  born  in  Wrentham,  March  5,  1783.  He 
married,  in  Boston,  Dec.  5,  1813,  Elizabeth  J.  Dow,  who  died  April  30,  1850. 

When  he  was  an  infant  his  parents  moved  to  Wilmington,  Vt.,  but  when  a  young 
man  he  came  to  Boston  and  learned  the  painter's  trade.  His  place  of  business  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  April  23,  1854,  was  on  Cambridge  Street. 

Mr.  Ware  (181 1)  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1819,  and  his 
sons,  Daniel  L.  and  William  H.,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1854  and  1850 
respectively. 

This  branch  of  the  Ware  family  is  descended  from  Robert,  of  Wrentham,  who 
joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1644:  Robert1  (1644),  Robert9,  Jonathan3,  Melatiah4, 
Daniel  L.5  (1811)  and  Horatio  G.5  (1811),  Daniel  L.6  (1854)  and  William  H.6  (1850). 

Horatio  Gates  Ware  (181 1),  grocer,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Daniel  L.  (1811),  son 
of  Melatiah  and  Chloe  M.  Ware,  was  born  in  Foxboro,  Mass.,  June  8,  1778.  He 
married,  "Saturday  evening,  Jan.  30,  1808,"  Keziah  E.  Goodnow.  His  early  life  was 
spent  in  Wilmington,  Vt.,  his  parents  having  moved  there  about  1783.  Early  in  life  he 
came  to  Boston,  and,  as  a  clerk,  entered  the  employ  of  Gore  &  Harris,  importers  and 
wholesale  dealers  in  West  India  goods.  He  occupied  after  them,  in  the  same  trade, 
the  same  building,  during  the  remainder  of  his  business  life.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
common  council  of  Boston  in  1822,  and  for  many  years  was  a  justice  of  the  peace.  He 
was  made  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  May  27,  1819. 

Mr.  Ware  (1811)  died  in  Boston,  Feb.  8,  1856,  after  "a  plain,  happy,  honorable 
private  life."     "  Living  or  dying,  he  was  debtor  to  no  man." 

Moses  Watson  (181 1)  was  a  housewright,  of  Boston,  and  resided  on  Belknap 
Street.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massa- 
chusetts Volunteer  Militia,  in  1812,  and  lieutenant  in  1813  and  1814.  He  was  honorably 
discharged  from  the  Artillery  Company  in  1814. 

Daniel  L.  Ware  (1811).    Authority:  Fam-  Horatio  G.  Ware  (1811),  Authority:  Fam- 

ily Manuscript.  ily  Manuscript. 


18,,]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  359 

Arnold  Welles  (iSii),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  21,  1761. 
He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1780.  He  married  (1)  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  the 
patriot,  Joseph  Warren,  and,  (2)  in  1806,  Nancy  (Brown)  Lane.  They  had  no  children. 
He  was  much  interested  in  the  militia,  and  declined  all  public  offices  except  military. 
He  was  commander  of  the  Independent  Cadets  from  1801  to  1805  inclusive,  and  at  the 
reorganization  of  the  militia  of  Boston  as  a  brigade,  he  was  commissioned  as  a  brigadier- 
general,  and  held  that  office  in  the  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  18 10  to  18 18. 
"  By  his  zeal  and  military  accomplishments,  he  restored  harmony  among  the  troops,  and 
gave  them  an  exalted  character  for  discipline.  He  commanded  with  great  ease  and 
readiness."  He  was  elected  captain  of  the  Artillery  Company,  June  3,  181 1,  having 
become  a  member  the  31st  of  May  next  preceding.  The  Washington  Benevolent 
Society  was  instituted  Feb.  22,  1812,  and  Gen.  Welles  (1811)  was  its  first  president. 
The  latter  part  of  his  life  he  was  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Fire  and  Marine 
Insurance  Company,  and  devoted  much  of  his  time  to  literary  pursuits.  For  some  time 
previous  to  his  death  he  was  almost  totally  blind.  He  died  March  2,  1827,  aged  sixty- 
five  years. 

"  A  life  of  uprightness  and  integrity,  most  benevolent  devotion  to  the  interest  of 
individuals,  and  the  numerous  societies  with  which  he  was  connected,  while  his  health 
would  permit,  will  long  be  gratefully  remembered.  In  his  extensive  connection  with 
the  militia  of  the  Commonwealth,  his  correctness  and  courtesy  in  periods  of  difficulty, 
afforded  him  many  proofs  of  attachment  and  respect  from  his  associates,  which,  next  to 
a  faithful  discharge  of  duty,  gave  him  the  highest  satisfaction.  He  died  in  the  firm 
hopes  and  faith  of  a  Christian,  and  has  gone,  we  humbly  trust,  to  receive  the  promised 
reward."  l 

Thomas  Wells  (1811),  bookbinder,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Thomas  (1786)  and 
Hannah  (Adams)  Wells,  was  born  in  Boston,  March  27,  1790.  His  mother  was  a 
daughter  of  Gov.  Samuel  Adams.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1814,  and  ensign  in  1819.  "A  man  of  unassuming  manners,  great  purity,  and  much 
beloved."     He  died  at  Boston,  Dec.  31,  1829. 

According  to  the  Company  records,  meetings  for  business  and  exercise  were  held 
March  18  and  March  25,  181 1.  Friday,  April  5,  the  Company  paraded,  under  command 
of  Col.  Daniel  Messinger  (1792).  The  Rev.  Mr.  Horace  Holley  was  chosen  to  deliver 
the  next  anniversary  sermon.  The  business  being  completed,  the  Company  marched  to 
the  Common,  there  went  through  their  usual  exercise  and  firings,  after  which  they 
marched  to  the  south  part  of  the  town,  and  then  down  to  State  Street,  where  they  went 
through  their  firings  again,  and  returned  to  the  Hall.  After  depositing  their  arms,  a 
collation  was  served. 

April  15,  22,  29,  and  May  2,  the  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  for  exercise. 
Monday,  May  6,  the  Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  under  the  command  of  Col. 
Daniel  Messinger  (1792).  Meetings  for  exercise  were  held  May  13  and  20,  and  May  24 
the  Company  marched  to  the  Common  for  drill.  At  a  meeting  held  May  27,  the  corn- 
Arnold  Welles  (1811).  Authorities:  Mass.  ing's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators,  p.  391 ;  Whit- 
Military  Rolls;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 
Company,  Ed.  1842.  '  Columbian  Centinel,  March  3,  1827. 

Thomas  Wells  (1811).    Authorities:  Lor- 


3^0  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1811 


mittee  appointed  to  make  arrangements  for  election  day  presented  a  list  of  names  of 
gentlemen  to  be  invited  to  the  dinner. 

Friday  evening,  May  31,  1811,  the  Company  met  at  Capt.  Thomas  Clark's  (1786) 
room,  when  Gen.  Arnold  Welles  was  admitted  a  member  of  the  Company.  Gen.  Welles 
(181 1)  was  immediately  waited  upon  by  a  committee,  who  informed  him  of  his  election, 
and  requested  his  presence  at  the  Hall.  (This  was  probably  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining 
his  consent  to  command  the  Artillery  Company  for  the  ensuing  year.)  Gen.  Winslow 
(1786)  declined  to  act  longer  as  the  treasurer  of  the  Company.  Thanks  were  voted  to 
him  for  his  faithful  services  in  that  office  for  thirteen  years. 

Monday,  June  3,  18 11,  anniversary  and  election  day,  the  usual  ceremonies  were 
observed.  The  Boston  Hussars  performed  this  day  their  first  tour  of  duty  in  escorting 
his  Excellency  the  commander-in-chief  from  his  residence  in  Cambridge  to  Boston,  to 
attend  the  military  exercises  of  the  day.  This  new  corps  excited  general  attention,  and 
in  the  morning  received  an  elegant  standard,  presented  by  William  Phillips,  Esq. 

At  eleven  o'clock  the  Artillery  Company  marched  to  Major  George  Blanchard's 
(1794)  house,  on  High  Street,  where  the  Company  was  presented  with  an  elegant 
standard  by  Ebenezer  Torrey  (1765),  of  Lancaster,  who  accompanied  it  with  the 
following  address  :  — 

"Ensign.  Bird  [1801]  :  To  your  immediate  guardianship  I  intrust  this  sacred 
banner,  more  dear  to  a  soldier's  heart  than  the  life-blood  which  animates  it,  and  flatter 
myself  the  donation  will  not  be  the  less  acceptable  coming  from  the  hand  of  the  senior 
member  of  our  ancient  Company.  During  a  period  of  one  hundred,  three  score  and 
thirteen  years,  your  predecessors  in  the  office  of  standard-bearer  have  never  permitted 
•the  colors  of  this  ancient  corps  to  be  tarnished  with  a  stain  of  dishonor,  and  were  I  not 
confident  that  their  great  example  will  be  religiously  emulated  by  you  and  your  suc- 
cessors, instead  of  consigning  this  deposit  to  you,  I  would  consign  it  to  the  flames. 
Our  fathers  encountered  imminent  dangers  from  without  and  within  with  courage  and 
success,  and  should  the  duties  of  patriotism  and  the  demands  of  national  honor  call  on 
their  posterity  of  this  ancient  Company  to  draw  their  swords,  and  display  their  banners 
in  a  just  and  necessary  war,  I  am  confident  you  will  obey  the  call  with  alacrity,  and 
prove  yourselves  not  unworthy  to  be  enrolled  as  the  sons  of  such  renowned  progenitors." 

To  which  Ensign  Bird  (1801)  replied:  "Respected  sir:  With  pride  and  satisfac- 
tion I  receive  from  your  hand  this  elegant  standard ;  and,  in  behalf  of  this  ancient 
Company,  I  pledge  myself  that  whenever  our  beloved  country  shall  call  upon  us  to  unfurl 
it  in  defence  of  its  honor,  liberties,  and  independence,  that  it  shall  never  be  wrested  from 
our  hands  while  life  is  left  in  our  bodies  to  defend  it." 

The  sermon  was  delivered  in  the  First  Church  by  Rev.  Mr.  Holley.  More  than 
two  hundred  persons,  including  the  Company,  were  present  at  the  dinner.  Among  the 
distinguished  guests  present  was  Hon.  Alexander  James  Dallas,  of  Philadelphia,  secre- 
tary of  the  treasury  under  President  Madison,  and  father  of  Hon.  George  M.  Dallas, 
Vice-President  of  the  United  States  during  Mr.  Polk's  administration.  He  offered  the 
following  volunteer  toast:  "The  State  of  Massachusetts.  Her  principles  gave  us  the 
Union ;  may  her  principles  be  displayed  in  preserving  it." 

At  the  election  upon  the  Common  the  following-named  gentlemen  were  chosen  for 
the  ensuing  year:  Brig.-Gen.  Arnold  Welles  (181 1),  captain;  Major  Benjamin  Russell 
(1788),  lieutenant;  Major  George  Blanchard  (1794),' ensign  and  treasurer;  Ensign 
Samuel  T.  Armstrong  (1807),  Mr.  George  Welles  (1807),  Mr.  Peter  Conant,  Jr.  (1807), 


OLD    FLAG   OF    THE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


OLD    FLAG    OF   THE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


i8,2]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  361 

Mr.  Asa  Ward  (1808),  sergeants;  Mr.  Dexter  Dana  (1798),  clerk,  and  Capt.  Samuel 
Todd  (1786),  superintendent  of  the  armory. 

Thanks  were  voted,  on  the  return  of  the  Company  to  the  Hall,  to  Rev.  Mr.  Holley 
for  his  sermon;  to  Ebenezer  Torrey  (1765)  for  the  standard;  to  the  officers  of  the 
past  year  "  for  their  unabated  zeal  and  exertions  in  promoting  the  prosperity  and 
improving  the  discipline  of  the  Company,"  and  to  the  Boston  Hussars  for  the  promptness 
and  efficiency  with  which  they  executed  the  guard  duties  of  the  day. 

The  Company  met  for  exercise  Aug.  19,  and  on  Aug.  26  for  business  and  exercise. 
A  parade  was  held  Monday,  Sept.  2,  1811,  Gen.  Arnold  Welles  (1811)  commanding. 
After  a  drill  upon  the  Common  the  Company  proceeded,  by  invitation,  to  the  residence 
of  the  commanding  officer,  where  he  refreshed  the  Company  with  a  sumptuous  repast, 
after  which  the  Company  marched  to  the  homes  of  Lieut. -Col.  Messinger  (1792),  Major 
Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  and  Major  George  Blanchard  (1794),  and  paid  the  standing 
salutes  at  each  place.     Thence  the  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall. 

Meetings  for  exercise  were  held  by  the  Company  Sept.  23  and  30,  and  on  the 
7th  of  October  the  Company  paraded,  commanded  by  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788). 
After  a  drill  on  the  Common,  the  Company  proceeded  to  the  residence  of  Major 
Russell  (1788),  "stacked  their  arms  in  front,  guards  placed  and  relieved,"  while  the 
Company  refreshed  themselves  with  an  excellent  collation  provided  by  Major  Russell 
(1788).     The  Company  marched  thence  to  Faneuil  Hall,  and  was  dismissed. 

Rev.  Horace  Holley,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in 
18 1 1.  He  was  a  son  of  Luther  Holley,  and  was  born  at  Salisbury,  Conn.,  Feb.  13, 
1781.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1803.  After  graduation  he  began  the  study  of 
law  in  the  office  of  Peter  W.  Radcliff,  of  New  York  City,  but  in  the  latter  part  of  1804 
he  entered  upon  the  study  of  divinity  under  President  Dwight,  at  New  Haven.  He 
married  Mary  Austin,  of  that  city,  when  he  was  settled  at  Greenfield  Hill,  Fairfield, 
Conn.  In  1809  he  became  an  avowed  Unitarian,  and  was  the  successor  of  Rev.  Dr. 
West,  of  the  Hollis  Street  Church,  Boston.  In  1812  he  was  chaplain  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  and  a  member  of  the  school  committee  of  Boston.  Dec.  22,  181 7,  he 
delivered  the  anniversary  discourse  on  the  landing  of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers  at  Plymouth. 
In  1818  Dr.  Holley  was  elected  president  of  Transylvania  University,  in  Lexington,  Ky. 
He  resigned  the  oversight  of  the  university  in  1827,  with  the  expectation  of  again 
settling  in  Boston.  On  his  passage  from  New  Orleans  to  New  York  he  died  of  yellow 
fever,  July  31,  1827,  aged  forty-six  years.  "His  winding-sheet  was  a  cloak,  his  grave 
the  wide  ocean,  his  monument  the  everlasting  Tortugas." 

It  is  said  that  "on  the  delivery  of  the  sermon  before  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,  in  181 1,  the  eloquence  of  Dr.  Holley  was  so  overpowering  that  a 
spontaneous  acclamation  burst  forth  from  the  crowd  that  thronged  the  doors  of  the 
church." 


q  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  181 2  were:  Benjamin 

I  O  I  2.  Russell  (1788),  captain;    Thomas  Dean  (1806),  lieutenant;  William  Howe 

(1806),  ensign.      Eleazer  G.   House   (1810)  was  first   sergeant;    Michael 

Roulstone  (1810),  second  sergeant;    Daniel  L.  Gibbens  (1810),  third  sergeant;  Eph- 

Rev.  Horace  Holley,  D.  D.     Authority:  Loring's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators. 


362  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,812 

raim  French,  Jr.  (1809),  fourth  sergeant;  George  Blanchard  (1794),  treasurer;  Dexter 
Dana  (1798),  clerk,  and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1812  were:  Joshua  Belcher, 
Abner  Bourne,  Ichabod  R.  Chadbourne,  John  Childs,  Philip  Curtis,  Ephraim  Dana,  Daniel 
Dunton,  John  Frothingham,  Elna  Hayt,  Otis  Howe,  Robert  G.  Mitchell,  David  Moody, 
John  Park,  Joshua  B.  Phipps,  Ezra  Reed,  Asa  Richardson,  Luke  Richardson,  John  Roul- 
stone,  James  Russell,  John  Langdon  Sullivan,  Henry  S.  Waldo,  George  Wheeler. 

Joshua  Belcher  (1812),  printer,  of  Boston. 

Abner  Bourne  (181 2),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Abner  and  Mary  Bourne, 
of  Middleboro,  was  born  in  that  town  Dec.  4,  1780.  At  an  early  age  he  entered  his 
father's  store,  and  was  there  employed  until  he  was  seventeen  years  of  age,  when  he  was 
apprenticed  to  learn  the  carpenter's  trade,  but  did  not  follow  it.  He  married,  Nov.  21, 
1801,  Abigail,  daughter  of  Gideon  Williams,  of  Taunton.  The  same  year  he  went  to 
New  Bedford  to  reside,  and  engaged  in  the  dry  and  West  India  goods  business.  He 
removed  to  Boston  in  1807,  and  pursued  the  same  business  in  company  with  Mr.  Peter 
Thacher,  under  the  firm  name  of  Bourne  &  Thacher.  During  this  time  he  was  connected 
with  a  volunteer  fire  company,  but  was  much  interested  in  military  affairs.  In  181 1  he 
was  commissioned  paymaster  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  from  18 12  to  181 7  inclusive  was  adjutant  of  that 
regiment.  In  18 17  he  removed  to  Brunswick,  Me.,  and  started  the  Androscoggin  Mills, 
and  in  1825  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  a  Maine  regiment.  For  eight  years  he  was  agent  of 
the  mills.  He  returned  to  New  Bedford  in  1827,  and  formed  a  partnership  in  business 
with  his  brother  Joseph,  under  the  firm  name  of  Abner  &  Joseph  Bourne.  In  1829  he 
moved  to  Boston  and  entered  the  dry  goods  business  with  David  Thacher,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Bourne  &  Thacher.  He  was  a  member  of  the  common  council  of  Boston 
from  Ward  8  in  1833,  and  in  1835  was  appointed  city  land  agent  for  Boston,  —  a  position 
which  he  held  until  his  death.  He  was  treasurer  of  the  Artillery  Company  from  1834  to 
1840,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society  of  Boston.  He  was  a  solid, 
substantial  man,  and  highly  respected  in  the  community. 

He  died  at  his  residence  on  Dover  Street,  Boston,  June  24,  1840,  twenty-five  mem- 
bers of  the  Artillery  Company,  the  same  number  of  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society,  the 
mayor  of  Boston,  officers  of  the  city,  and  members  of  Mr.  Ripley's  church,  attending 
the  funeral,  June  26.  Mr.  Bourne  (1812)  was  treasurer  of  the  three  organizations  named 
above  at  the  time  of  his  decease. 

1 

Ichabod  R.  Chadbourne  (1812),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College 
in  1808.     He  moved  from  Boston,  and  settled  at  Machias,  Me. 

John  Childs  (1812),  sail-maker,  of  Boston.  His  sail-loft  was  on  Spear's  Wharf,  and 
he  resided  on  Unity  Street. 

Philip  Curtis  (1812),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1786.  Soon  after  his 
marriage  he  was  afflicted  with  a  lingering  disease,  of  which  he  died,  Aug.  20,  1825,  aged 

Abner  Bourne  (1812).    Authority:  Whit-  Philip  Curtis  (1812).    Authorities:  Whit- 

man's Hist.  A.  H.  and  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,   Ed.   1842; 

Mass.  Military  Rolls. 


1812]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  363 

thirty-nine  years.  He  was  buried  at  Sharon,  his  native  place.  The  Artillery  Company, 
in  citizen's  dress,  accompanied  the  funeral  procession  as  far  as  the  South  Burial-Ground. 
He  was  active  and  intelligent,  a  zealous  friend,  and  a  pleasant  companion. 

He  was  engaged  in  the  West  India  goods  business  with  his  brother,  Thomas,  at 
20  India  Street,  Boston.  His  brother,  Lieut.  Alfred  Curtis,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  181 7.  Capt.  Philip  Curtis  (1812)  was  ensign  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1816.  He 
was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Vol- 
unteer Militia,  in  1810  and  181 1,  lieutenant  from  1812  to  1814  inclusive,  and  captain 
in  1815. 

Ephraim  Dana  (1812),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  brother  of  Dexter  Dana  (1798). 
He  was  engaged  in  the  West  India  goods  business  with  Henry  Leach,  at  Nos.  9  and  10 
Central  Street. 

Daniel  Dunton  (1812),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  engaged  in  the  West  India  goods 
trade  at  No.  34  Long  Wharf.  He  was  ensign  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade, 
First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1812,  lieutenant  in  1813,  captain  in 
1814  and  1815,  major  in  1816,  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  1817.  He  held  the  offices  of 
second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1815,  and  ensign  in  181 7.  He  received 
the  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge  in  1808.     He  died  Dec.  1,  1820,  aged  thirty-five  years. 

John  Frothingham  (1812),  harness-maker,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Richard  and 
Mary  (Kettell)  Frothingham,  was  born  in  that  town,  March  18,  1787.  He  was  never 
married.  He  had  a  great  interest  in  local  military  affairs,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of 
captain.  His  father  served  in  tha  active  campaigns  of  the  Revolutionary  War  throughout 
the  contest.  Capt.  John  (1812)  was  drawn  a  juryman,  Nov.  12,  1816.  His  harness- 
shop  was  at  the  corner  of  Main  and  Eden  streets,  but  for  a  short  time  was  located  on 
Water  Street.  In  1825  he  visited  Demarara;  returned  to  Charlestown,  and  soon  after 
made  a  journey  eastward.  He  was  found  dead  in  a  forest  previous  to  May  13,  1832. 
His  remains  were  brought  to  Charlestown  for  interment.  "  A  man  much  esteemed  for 
his  good  qualities." 

Elna  Hayt  (1812),  ivory  turner,  of  Boston,  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Regiment, 
Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  181 2  to  18 [6 
inclusive.  He  was  doubtless  a  son  of  Elna  Hayt,  of  Boston,  who  joined  St.  John's 
Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  in  1794.  He  died  at  Savannah,  Ga.,  Jan.  17,  182 1,  aged 
thirty-three  years. 

Otis  Howe  (1812),  jeweller,  of  Boston,  was  ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third 
Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1813  and  1814.  He  removed 
to  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  in  1817,  and  died  there  in  October,  1825,  aged  thirty-seven  years. 

Robert  G.  Mitchell  (1812),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  lieutenant  in  the  First  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1816.  He 
became  a  member  of  Mount  Lebanon  Lodge,  of  Boston,  Jan.  5,  1808.  Mr.  Whitman 
(1810)  says,  "Lieut.  Mitchell  [1812]  removed  to  Havana." 

John  Frothingham  (1812).    Authority:  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


364  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [1812 

David  Moody  (1812),  housewright,  of  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Paul  Moody,  was  born 
in  Newbury,  parish  of  Byfield,  Feb.  10,  1783,  and  died  in  Boston,  Dec.  2,  1832. 

Mr.  Moody  (181 2)  was  educated  by  his  eldest  brother,  Samuel,  at  Hallowell,  Me. 
In  early  life  he  spent  some  time  at  St.  Vincent,  West  Indies,  and  on  his  return  settled 
in  Boston.  During  the  war  with  Great  Britain,  in  1812,  he  was  captain  of  a  Boston 
company,  and  was  stationed  on  Governor's  Island,  in  Bostbn  Harbor.  After  peace  was 
declared  he  went  to  Waltham  as  superintendent  of  the  out-door  work  of  the  Boston  and 
^Waltham  Manufacturing  Company,  and  remained  in  their  employ  until  the  Boston 
and  Roxbury  Mill-dam  was  commenced.  He  was  employed  with  Uriah  Cotton,  the 
originator  of  that  then  great  work,  and  after  the  death  of  Mr.  Cotton  he  was  appointed 
in  his  place,  and  finished  the  work.  He  then  engaged  with  Mr.  Gray  in  the  iron  works, 
and  continued  so  connected  until  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
common  council  of  Boston  in  1828,  and  representative  to  the  General  Court  from  that 
city.  His  father  erected  the  first  woollen  factory  in  the  State,  purchasing  water-power 
on  Parker  River,  Newbury.  His  brother,  Paul,  Jr.,  was  prominent  among  the  founders 
of  the  city  of  Lowell. 

He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge,  of  Boston,  and  was  admitted 
a  member  May  4,  1809.  He  passed  through  the  wardens'  chairs,  and  became  master 
in  1814.  A  silver  pitcher  was  presented  to  him  by  the  Grand  Lodge  about  the  year 
1831,  as  a  token  of  their  appreciation  of  the  services  he  rendered  to  them  in  the  pur- 
chase of  the  land  for  the  Masonic  Temple,  and  erection  of  that  edifice,  corner  of 
Tremont  Street  and  Temple  Place.  Mr.  Moody  (1812)  was  a  member  of  the  common 
council  of  Boston  from  Ward  6  in  1828.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third 
Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1812  to  1814  inclusive, 
lieutenant  from  1815  to  1817,  and  subsequently  was  commissioned  captain. 

John  Park  (1812),  painter,  of  Boston,  was  of  the  firm  of  Park  &  Tolman,  painters, 
No.  4  Water  Street.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1814  to  1817  inclusive,  lieutenant  in 
1818  and  1819,  and  captain  from  1820  to  1822  inclusive;  also,  second  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1816,  and  ensign  in  1820.  Mr.  Park  (1812)  received  the  degrees 
in  Columbian  Lodge,  of  Boston,  and  became  a  member  thereof,  Feb.  5,  1807.  He 
became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter  May  i,  181 1,  and  resigned  his  membership 
Oct.  7,  1835.     He  died  Sept.  5,  1859. 

Joshua  B.  Phipps  (1812),  grocer,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Joseph  and  Sarah  Phipps, 
was  born  in  Charlestown,  May  15,  1781.  He  married  (1)  Elizabeth  Hagar,  who  died 
Aug.  7,  1817,  aged  thirty-one  years,  and,  (2)  July  16,  1818,  Susan  F.  Pitts,  of  Wiscasset, 
Me.  Joseph,  the  father  of  Col.  Joshua  (1812),  was  a  cousin  of  Capt.  Solomon  Phipps 
(1796).  Col."  Joshua  Phipps  (1812)  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Second  (Unitarian) 
Church,  in  Charlestown. 

Ezra  Reed  (18 12),  printer  and  bookseller,  of  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  Peter  and  Mary 
(Pitcher)  Reed,  was  born  in  Attleboro,  Mass.,  Dec.  16,  1777.  He  married  Harriet  Orne 
Fanning,  daughter  of  Barclay  Fanning,  a  captain  of  the  British  Army.     He  learned  the 

David  Moody  (1812).    Authority:  Hist,  of  Joshua  B.  Phipps  (1812).    Authority:  Wy- 

Columbian  Lodge,  by  John  T.  Heard.  man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates. 


1812]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  365 

printer's  trade  at  Windsor,  Vt,  and  afterward  edited  a  newspaper  in  that  State.  Later, 
he  was  associated  with  his  uncle  Daniel  in  publishing  musical  and  other  works  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.  He  soon  moved  to  Boston,  and  was  associated  with  Alden  Bradford, 
secretary  of  state,  and  became  an  extensive  publisher  of  law,  musical,  and  other  works. 
They  were  the  first  to  publish  Scott's  novels  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic.  His  health 
failing  him,  he  took  a  trip  to  Barbadoes,  but  died  of  yellow  fever  soon  after  his  arrival.1 

Asa  Richardson  (1812),  grocer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Asa  and  Sarah  Richardson,  of 
Billerica,  Mass.,  was  born  in  that  town,  March  5,  1782.  His  grocery  store  was  on  School 
Street.  He  was  captain  of  a  Boston  company  in  the  Second  Regiment  of  the  Third 
Brigade,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1812  to  1816  inclusive.  He  died  in 
Boston,  Dec.  11,  1833,  aged  fifty-one  years. 

Luke  Richardson  (181 2),  hairdresser,  of  Boston,  probably  a  son  of  Sergt.  Luke 
Richardson,  a  Revolutionary  soldier,  was  born  at  Woburn  in  1780.  In  1820  he  kept  a 
variety  store  at  27  Marlborough  Street.     He  was  twice  married. 

Mr.  Richardson  (18 12)  was  lieutenant  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1813  to  1817  inclusive,  and  captain  in 
the  same  in  1818  and  1819.  He  was  also  captain  of  the  Light  Dragoons,  Boston,  in 
182 1  and  1822,  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1815,  and  lieutenant  in  1818. 
"  He  was  faithful,  intelligent,  and  discreet.  When  of  age,  he  set  up  for  himself,  with- 
out friends  or  capital.  His  habits  of  frugality  soon  enabled  him  to  purchase  a  decayed 
estate  of  small  value  near  the  Boylston  Market,  where  he  set  up  the  sign  of  the  '  Rose.' " 
He  died  at  Medford,  April  n,  1830,  aged  fifty  years. 

John  Roulstone  (1812),  truckman,  and  afterward  riding-master,  of  Boston,  son  of 
George  and  Mary  Roulstone,  and  brother  of  Lieut. -Col.  Michael  (18 10),  and  of  Capt. 
Andrew  ^iSn),  was  born  Nov.  26,  1769. 

"When  the  Oxford  army  was  raised,"  says  Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  "during  the 
administration  of  the  elder  Adams,  he  was  appointed  a  lieutenant,  and  also  was  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Dragoons,  when  formed.  He  had  the  reputation  of  being  a  good  officer. 
His  changeable  disposition  induced  him  to  set  up  a  riding-school,  and  here  he  was  in 
his  element.  Mounted  on  an  elegant  steed,  prancing  among  his  female  scholars,  giving 
lessons  on  the  road,  you  would  certainly  think  him  the  Grand  Seignor."  His  riding- 
school  was  in  Haymarket  Place. 

He  was  ensign  in  the  Boston  regiment  from  1 793  to  1 795  inclusive ;  captain  in  the 
same  from  1796  to  1799  inclusive;  cornet  of  a  troop  of  cavalry  from  1802  to  1804 
inclusive;  lieutenant  of  the  same  from  1805  to  1809  inclusive,  and  captain  in  18 10. 
He  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1813,  and  its  captain  in  1815. 

Capt.  John  Roulstone  (1812)  and  his  brother,  Capt.  Michael  (1810),  received  the 
Masonic  degrees  in  Rising  States  Lodge,  of  Boston,  and,  demitting,  joined  The  Massa- 
chusetts Lodge,  April  5,  1802.  He  died  about  1841,  and  his  remains  were  interred  in 
tomb  No.  138,  on  the  Common. 

Asa  Richardson  (1812).    Authority:  Whit-  John  Roulstone  (1812).  Authorities:  Mass. 

man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  Military  Rolls;    Whitman's  Hist.   A.   and   H.  A. 

Luke    Richardson    (1812).      Authorities:  Company,  Ed.  1842. 
Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;  '  See  Reed  Genealogy. 

Mass.  Military  Rolls. 


$66  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [l8l2 

James  Russell  (181 2),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  James  and  Rebecca  (Adams) 
Russell,  was  born  in  Charlestown,  Jan.  14,  1788.  He  had  a  dry  goods  store  at  No.  61 
Cornhill.  He  was  lieutenant  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1815,  and  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1817. 

John  Langdon  Sullivan  (1812),  merchant,  of  Boston,  third  son  of  Gov.  James 
Sullivan,  and  brother  of  Lieut.-Col.  George  Sullivan  (181 1)  and  of  Gen.  William  Sullivan 
(1819),  was  born  in  Boston,  April  9,  1777.  He  married,  Oct.  12,  1797,  Elizabeth 
Russell,  daughter  of  Hon.  Thomas  Russell.  He  was  in  middle  life  a  civil  engineer,  and 
the  continuation  of  the  Middlesex  Canal  beyond  Lowell  to  Concord  was  constructed 
chiefly  under  his  superintendence.  He  was  also  engaged  with  Gen.  Bernard  in  planning 
the  defences  for  our  Atlantic  seaboard.  He  held  the  position  of  aide-de-camp  on  his 
father's  staff  in  1808  and  1809,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel,  and  was  a  lieutenant 
of  the  New  England  Guards,  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  in  1812  and  1813.  He 
never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.     He  died  Feb.  10,  1865. 

Henry  S.  Waldo  (1812),  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  was  engaged  in  the  dry  goods 
business  at  No.  1  Dock  Square.  He  was  paymaster  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third 
Brigade,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1812,  and  quartermaster  of  the  same,  with 
the  rank  of  lieutenant,  from  18 13  to  18 17  inclusive. 

George  Wheeler  (1812),  merchant,  of  Boston,  lived  on  Purchase  Street.  He  was 
ensign  of  the  Winslow  Blues,  the  Second  Company  of  the  Sublegion  of  Light  Infantry, 
from  1801  to  1806  inclusive,  lieutenant  in  1807  and  1808,  and  captain  from  1808  to 
1813.     He  died  March  24,  1823,  aged  forty-four  years. 

Jan.  21,  1812,  the  Artillery  Company  met  at  T.  Clark's  (1786)  room,  in  Faneuil  Hall, 
for  business.  One  committee  was  appointed  to  attend  to  the  interest  of  the'Company 
before  a  committee  of  the  Legislature,  appointed  at  the  preceding  session  of  the  General 
Court,  to  inquire  into  their  charter,  etc.,  and  another  committee  was  selected  "  to  take 
into  consideration  the  propriety  of  establishing  badges  of  distinction  for  those  members 
of  the  Company  who  have  served  over  seven  years,  and  to  consider  the  propriety  of 
changing  the  color  of  the  plume,  knapsack,  and  canteens." 

Tuesday  evening,  Feb.  4,  the  Company  met  at  the  same  place,  and  the  committee 
to  whom  were  referred  badges  of  distinction,  etc.,  reported,  "  that  those  members  who 
have  served  in  the  Company  five  years  shall  be  entitled  to  one  Herrin-bone,  and  one  for 
every  seven  years  after."  The  report  was  unanimously  adopted.  A  knapsack  and 
canteen,  completed  according  to  Gen.  Welles'  (181 1)  direction,  were  unanimously 
agreed  to. 

Feb.  18  the  Company  met  for  business,  and  March  2,  16,  23,  30,  and  April  6,  for 
exercise. 

Friday,  April  10,  the  Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  commanded  by  Gen.  Welles 
(1811),  for  the  first  time  that  season,  the  first  Monday  of  April  being  State  election. 

John  Langdon  Sullivan  (1812).  Authorities:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A. Company,  Ed.  1842; 
Loring's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators. 


I8l2] 


HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY. 


367 


Rev.  Dr.  Eliphalet  Porter,  of  Roxbury,  was  chosen  to  preach  the  next  anniversary 
sermon.  It  was  this  year  that  the  allotted  square  on  the  Common  was  provided  for  the 
first  time  with  a  chain  around  it,  to  preserve  the  training-field  from  being  occupied  by 
spectators.  When  the  business  was  completed  (April  10),  the  Company  marched  to  the 
residence  of  Major  Blanchard  (1794),  where  a  bountiful  collation  was  provided.  After 
firings  in  Faneuil  Hall  Square,  the  Company  was  dismissed. 

April  20  the  Company  met  and  heard  the  financial  reports  for  the  year,  showing  a 
balance  on  hand  of  nine  hundred  and  ninety-five  dollars  and  twenty-four  cents.  They 
were  unanimously  approved. 

A  meeting  for  business  and  exercise  was  held  April  27,  and,  on  the  following  day, 
"  A  Return  of  the  names  of  every  member  was  made  to  Lieut.-Col.  Daniel  Messinger 
[1792],  Lieut.-Col.  Peter  Osgood  [1797],  Lieut.-Col.  Jacob  Stearns,  and  Lieut.-Col. 
Jonathan  Page." 

The  return  was  certified  to  by  the  commander  and  the  clerk.  The  following  is  a 
copy  thereof :  — 

A  Return  of  the  Names  of  the  Members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  of  Massachusetts. 


Brig.-Gen'l 
Major  Benjamin  Russell  [ 

Ebenezer  Torrey,  Esq.  [1765]. 
Capt.  Joseph  Eaton  [1773]- 
Gen.  John  Winslow  [1786]. 
Capt.  Samuel  Todd  [1786]. 
Col.  John  May  [1786]. 
Capt.  Thomas  Clark  [1786]. 
Major  James  Phillips  [1790]. 
Capt.  Richard  Austin  [1792]. 
Col.  Daniel  Messinger  [1792]. 
Thomas  W.  Sumner,  Esq.  [1792 
Mr.  Nahum  Piper  [1794]. 
Mr.  Benjamin  Coates  [1796]. 
Mr.  William  Jepson  [1797]. 
Col.  Peter  Osgood  [1797]. 
Capt.  Jonathan  Whitney  [1797]. 
Mr.  Dexter  Dana  [1798]. 
Capt.  Melzar  Holmes  [1798]. 
Mr.  John  B.  Hammatt  [1801]. 
Mr.  James  Bird  [1801]. 
Mr.  Levi  Melcher  [1802]. 
Mr.  Jacob  Hall  [1802]. 
Mr.  William  Howe  [1806]. 
Major  Thomas  Dean  [1806]. 
Mr.  David  Francis  [1806]. 
Dr.  Robert  Fennelly  [1806]. 
Mr.  John  Banister  [1806]. 


Arnold  Welles  [181  i],  Captain. 
1788],  Lieut.    Major  George  Blanchard  [1794]. 

Mr.  Benjamin  Clark  [1806]. 
Mr.  Andrew  Sigourney  [1806]. 
Ensign  Caswell  Beal  [1806]. 
Mr.  George  Welles  [1807]. 
Ensign  Samuel  T.  Armstrong  [1807]. 
Mr.  Peter  Conant,  Jr.  [1807]. 
Dr.  Terence  Wakefield  [1807]. 
Mr.  Asa  Ward  [1808]. 
Mr.  Ephraim  French,  Jr.  [1809]. 
].  Capt.  Eleazer  G.  House  [1810]. 

Lieut.  Daniel  L.  Gibbens  [~i8io]. 
Capt.  Michael  Roulstone  [1810]. 
Capt.  Nathaniel  Heard  [1810]. 
Mr.  Thomas  Redman  [1810]. 
Ensign  John  Whitney  [1810]. 
Major  Samuel  Curtis  [18 10]. 
Lieut.  Thomas  A.  Drayton  [1810]. 
Mr.  Abraham  Wood  [18 10]. 
Ensign  John  Dodd,  Jr.  [1810]. 
Mr.  Edward  Gray  [18 10]. 
Lieut.  Benjamin  Loring  [1810]. 
Lieut.  Edward  Childs  [18 10]. 
Ensign  Zachariah  G.  Whitman  [1810]. 
Lieut.  Ebenezer  O.  Fifield  [1810]. 
Mr.  James  Hooper  [1810]. 
Ensign  Joseph  Jenkins  [1810]. 


368 


HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND 


[1812 


Capt.  James  B.  Marston  [1810]. 
Mr.  William  Cutter  [181 1]. 
Ensign  Robert  Clark  [181 1]. 
Mr.  Thomas  Wells  [181 1]. 
Mr.  Joseph  Lewis  [181 1]. 
Mr.  Daniel  L.  Ware  [181 1]. 
Mr.  Horatio  G.  Ware  [1811]. 
Lieut.  Joseph  D.  Annable  [181 1]. 
Ensign  Moses  Watson  [181 1]. 
Lieut.  Isaiah  Atkins  [181 1]. 
Lieut.  Joshua  Simonds  [181 1]. 
Capt.  William  Fernald  [181 1]. 
Mr.  David  W.  Bradlee  [181 1]. 
Col.  George  Sullivan  [181 1  ]  . 

Boston,  April  28,  18 12. 

Dexter  Dana  [1798],  Clerk. 


Capt.  Andrew  Roulstone  [181 1]. 
Capt.  George  Wheeler  [1812]. 
Capt.  John  Roulstone  [18 12]. 
Capt.  Joshua  B.  Phipps  [1812]. 
Capt.  Asa  Richardson  [181 2]. 
Ensign  Philip  Curtis  [1812]. 
Mr.  John  Park  [1812]. 
Mr.  Luke  Richardson  [1812]. 
Ensign  Elna  Hayt  [1812]. 
Mr.  Robert  G.  Mitchell  [18 12]. 
Mr.  I.  R.  Chadbourne  [18 12]. 
Lieut.  Daniel  Dunton  [181 2]. 
Mr.  Henry  S.  Waldo  [1812]. 
Lieut.  Abner  Bourne  [1812]. 

Arnold  Welles  [1811],  Com1. 


Monday,  May  4,  181 2,  being  unsuitable  weather,  Friday,  May  8,  the  Company 
paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  commanded  by  Gov.  Arnold  Welles  (i8n),for  the  second 
time  that  season.  They  marched  to  the  north  end  of  the  town,  thence  to  the  Common, 
and,  after  the  usual  exercise,  Gen.  Welles  (181 1)  led  them  to  his  residence,  where  he 
provided  a  collation. 

May  12,  1812,  the  Company  met  for  exercise,  and  on  the  afternoon  of  Thursday, 
the  14th  of  May,  the  Company  marched  to  the  Common  for  drill. 

At  a  meeting  May  18,  it  was  "voted  that  a  committee  be  appointed  to  report  in 
what  way  we  can  most  honor  ourselves,  by  showing  in  some  permanent  manner  the 
affection,  gratitude,  and  esteem  in  which  we  hold  Brig.-Gen.  Arnold  Welles  [181 1],  for 
the  high  honor  done  to  us  in  commanding  the  present  year;  also  for  his  liberal  recep- 
tion of  us  on  many  occasions ;  likewise  for  his  brilliant  military  services,  whereby  the 
discipline  of  the  Company  has  been  so  greatly  improved."  Major  George  Blanchard 
(1794),  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  Lieut.-Col.  George  Sullivan  (1811),  Lieut.-Col. 
John  L.  Sullivan  (1812),  Col.  Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  Lieut.-Col.  Peter  Osgood  (1797), 
Major  Thomas  Dean  (1806),  Major  Samuel  Curtis  (1810),  and  Capt.  George  Wheeler 
(1812),  were  appointed  said  committee. 

Friday  afternoon,  May  22,  the  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  for  exercise,  com- 
manded by  Gen.  Welles  (1811),  marched  to  the  Common,  where  they  went  through  the 
usual  exercise,  after  which  Gen.  Welles  (1811),  being  ill,  returned  to  his  home,  and 
Major  Blanchard  (1794)  commanded  during  the  return  of  the  Company  to  the  armory. 
Having  deposited  their  arms,  the  committee  above  named  made  their  report,  whereupon 
the  Company  voted  "  that  a  sword  be  presented  by  the  members  of  this  Company  to 
Brig.-Gen.  Welles  (181 1)  on  the  first  Monday  in  June  next,  as  a  memento  of  the  lasting 
affection,  gratitude,  and  respect  which  they  bear  to  him  for  his  able  and  honorary 
service  during  the  past  year,  and  his  affectionate  interest  in  the  welfare  and  honor  of 
the  corps,  and  that  the  general  be  on  that  day  declared  an  honorary  member  of  this 
Company."  A  committee  was  chosen  to  procure  a  sword,  and  make  all  necessary 
arrangements  for  its  presentation. 


1812]  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  369 

Monday,  June  i,  1812,  being  the  anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers,  the  Com- 
pany paraded,  under  command  of  Gen.  Welles  (1811),  and  observed  with  military 
precision  the  usual  duties  of  the  day.  Rev.  Eliphalet  Porter,  of  Roxbury,  delivered  the 
sermon  in  the  First  Church,  in  Chauncy  Place.  Dinner  was  served  at  the  usual  hour ; 
spirited  and  appropriate  toasts  were  drank.  After  his  Excellency  Gov.  Strong  retired, 
this  toast  was  drank,  with  three  times  three  cheers  :  "The  Cincinnatus  of  Massachusetts, 
who  retired  from  public  cares  to  a  private  station,  but  who  obeys  the  call  of  his  coun- 
try, and  again  appears  before  the  people  as  their  father,  their  guide,  and  their  friend." 

At  four  o'clock  p.  m.  the  election  was  held  on  the  Common.  The  Company 
returned  to  the  Hall,  after  the  investiture  of  the  officers,  and  a  collation  was  served. 
The  sword  was  then  presented  to  Gen.  Welles  (1811).  Gen.  William  Heath  (1765), 
who  commanded  the  Company  forty-two  years  previously,  was  not  able  to  accept  the 
invitation  to  be  present,  on  account  of  ill-health,  and  Gen.  Dearborn  (1816)  was  detained 
by  public  duty. 

A  committee,  of  which  Andrew  Sigourney  (1806)  was  chairman,  was  appointed 
May  25,  to  examine  the  financial  affairs  of  the  Company,  and  ascertain  "what  now  is,  and 
what  ought  to  be,  the  amount  of  the  funds  of  the  Company."  Mr.  Sigourney  (1806) 
made  a  careful  examination  of  the  finances  of  the  Company  for  the  forty  next  preceding 
years,  and  presented  an  exhaustive  report  thereupon,  which  is  recorded  in  full. 

Attached  to  the  report  is  an  inventory  of  the  arms,  accoutrements,  etc.,  belonging 
to  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  July  6,  181 2,  and  the  cost  of  the 


"  For  the  commissioned  officers  3  silver  mounted  swords  with  knots  and 

belts  ;  2  espontoons,  3  sashes,  2  Epaulets  and  3  gorgets  .     .         .         .  #330.00 
"  For  the  non-commissioned  officers  —  4  Swords   and    Belts,  4   counter- 
straps,  4  Sashes  and  4  Halberts    . 166.00 

"  For  the  privates,  —  64  guns  and  bayonets,  64  cartridge  Boxes,  64  canteens 

and  64  Knapsacks,  priming  wires,  brushes,  and  flints    .         .         .         .  1312.00 
"  For  six  musicians  —  Six  coats,  6  pr  pantaloons,  6  pr  of  gaiters,  6  hats  and 

plumes,  and  6  swords  with  chest  to  contain  them          ....  300.00 

"  The  other  properties  are  :  One  new  and  two  old  standards,  belt  and  socket,  120.00 

"Two  drums,  one  Bass-drum,  and  three  fife  cases        .         .         .                  .  70.00 

"  Three  gilt  swords,  two  belts,  3  Epauletts,  much  worn         .         .         ...  40.00 

"Other  articles  including  750  feet  of  iron  chain 177.82 

"Total $2515.82" 

The  financial  report,  as  printed  in  the  "  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company,  June  7,  1819,"  is  precisely  like  the  above,  except  one 
additional  item,  viz.  :  — 

"  A  gilt  Frame  and  Glass,  with  an  elegant  Roll  of  the  Company  .         .         .        $35.00" 

During  the  summer  of  1812  the  following  report,  found  among  the  papers  of  the 
Company,  was  made  and  adopted.  It  is  the  first  suggestion  of  the  use  of  artillery  by 
the  Company  :  — 

"Report. — The  committee  appointed  to  inquire  into  the  expediency  of  applying 
to  government  for  artillery,  and  to  collect  information  of  the  expense  attending  the  use 


370  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,812 

and  service  of  the  same,  beg  leave  to  report :  That  however  there  may  be  reason  to 
believe  our  town  and  harbor  are  not  exposed  to  attack  at  this  time,  yet  as  preparation 
for  efficient  defence  is  undoubtedly  the  surest  guaranty  of  safety,  it  surely  becomes  the 
duty  of  military  corps,  and  of  this  in  a  particular  manner,  to  learn  the  service  of  that 
species  of  arms  on  which  we  must  principally  rely  for  defence.  Under  this  impression, 
your  committee  are  of  opinion  that  it  is  highly  expedient  that  the  Company  should  learn 
the  exercise  of  artillery.  But  as  an  application  to  the  governor  of  the  Commonwealth 
would  be  fruitless,  the  governor  not  having  power  to  grant  them  to  other  than  regular 
military  corps,  and  an  application  to  the  Legislature  would  be  attended  with  great 
trouble  and  very  doubtful  success,  the  committee  are  of  opinion  that  it  is  not  expedient 
to  apply  to  government  for  artillery  at  this  time.  Considering,  however,  the  expediency 
that  this  Company  should  be  acquainted  with  the  service  of  cannon,  and  being  informed 
that  the  company  of  light  infantry  (New  England  Guards),  to  whom  the  guns  of  the 
ancient  Company  have  been  occasionally  loaned,  would  gladly  return  the  favor  by  loan 
of  the  pieces  in  their  possession,  your  committee  recommend  that  an  application  to  the 
officers  of  that  company  be  accordingly  made  for  the  use  of  their  cannon,  and  to  Capt. 
Harris,  of  the  Washington  Artillery,  for  the  use  of  their  Washington  Artillery  gun-house, 
and  that  a  committee  be  appointed  for  those  purposes,  and  to  prepare  a  system  of 
artillery  exercise  for  the  use  of  the  Company.  Touching  the  expense  attending  this 
mode  of  learning  the  service  and  use  of  artillery,  the  committee  beg  leave  to  report  that 
all  the  items  of  expense  are  horse-hire,  drivers,  and  ammunition,  and  that  the  amount 
of  them  may  be  great  or  small,  at  the  pleasure  of  the  Company.  The  number  of  horses 
on  parade  is  six,  of  drivers  three,  and  the  ordinary  charge  for  a  six-pounder  is  one  and 
an  half  of  powder.  Benj.  Russell,  per  order." 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Company  at  which  this  report  was  made  it  was  warmly  debated, 
and,  on  motion  of  Lieut. -Col.  Daniel  Messinger  (1792),  was  recommitted  for  further 
inquiry,  etc. ;  but  the  report  was  never  brought  up  afterward. 

Monday,  Sept  7,  the  Company  paraded  in  uniform,  under  command  of  Major 
Benjamin  Russell  (1788)  ;  also  on  Monday,  Oct.  5. 

On  the  latter  occasion  the  Company  marched  to  Medford,  where  they  encamped 
for  the  night,  and  performed  all  those  exercises  which  a  body  of  soldiers  would  have 
been  required  to  perform.  Brig. -Gen.  Boyd,  of  the  United  States  Army,  accommodated 
them  with  tents  for  the  occasion.  On  the  next  morning  they  commenced  their  march 
for  Boston,  and  while  on  the  road  were  invited  by  Gen.  Derby  and  Abraham  Truro,  Esq., 
to  partake  of  refreshments  provided  at  their  country-seats.  The  Company  arrived  in 
Boston  in  due  time,  no  accident  having  occurred  to  mar  the  pleasure  of  their  fall  parade. 

Rev.  Eliphalet  Porter,  of  Roxbury,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  181 2. 
He  was  the  son  of  a  clergyman,  and  was  born  in  North  Bridgewater,  in  1758.  In 
October,  1801,  he  married  Martha  Ruggles,  of  Dorchester.  He  was  prepared  for  college 
by  his  father,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1777.  He  then  pursued  the  study 
of  divinity.  He  was  ordained  to  the  gospel  ministry,  and  installed  as  the  pastor  of  the 
First  Church,  in  Roxbury,  Oct.  2,  1782.  At  the  time  he  began  his  ministry  there  had 
been  a  vacancy  in  that  pulpit  for  seven  years,  in  consequence  of  the  destruction  and 
distress  occasioned  by  the  war. 

Rev.  Eliphalet  Porter.     Authority:  Drake's  Hist,  of  Roxbury. 


1813]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  37 1 

Jan.  14,  1 80 1,  he  delivered  a  eulogy  in  memory  of  George  Washington,  which  was 
afterward  published.  In  1810  he  preached  the  annual  sermon  before  the  Convention  of 
Congregational  Ministers  of  Massachusetts,  and  he  espoused  the  Unitarian  side  of  the 
controversy.  July  7,  1830,  Rev.  George  Putnam  became  his  colleague.  Rev.  Mr. 
Porter  died  at  Roxbury,  Dec.  7,  1833,  and  his  remains  were  placed  in  the  parish  tomb. 


8  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1813  were:  Jonathan 

[  9    Whitney  (1797),  captain;   Jacob   Hall  (1802),   lieutenant;    Caswell    Beal 
*-)'    (1806),  ensign.     John  Roulstone  (1812)  was  first  sergeant;  Abraham  Wood 
(1810),  second  sergeant;  Edward  Gray  (1810),  third  sergeant;  James  Hooper  (1810), 
fourth  sergeant;  George  Blanchard  (1794),  treasurer ;  Dexter  Dana  (1798),  clerk,  and 
Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  18 13  were:  George  Barrell, 
John  Blunt,  Samuel  B.  Ford,  John  L.  Phillips,  Henry  Spear,  John  Tarbell,  Daniel  Wise. 

George  Barrell  (1813),  trader,  of  Boston,  was  probably  a  son  of  George  and  Mary 
(Edes)  Barrell,  of  Charlestown.  He  held  the  position  of  ensign  in  the  Charlestown 
militia.  "  He  had  the  peculiar  talent  of  magnifying  this  subaltern  office  [ensign's]  by 
the  splendor  of  his  dress,  his  vast  consequence  to  the  militia,  and  his  never  conde-. 
scending  to  notice  officers  of  less  grade  than  a  brigadier-general.  He  unfortunately  was 
superseded,  and  removed  to  the  South."    He  retired  from  the  Artillery  Company  in  1813. 

John  Blunt  (1813),  grocer,  of  Boston,  is  not  known  to  have  been  identified  with 
the  militia,  and  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  was  honorably  dis- 
charged from  the  Company,  July  15,  1816,  and  immediately  after  removed  to  the  West. 

Samuel  B.  Ford  (1813),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Wilmington,  in  1785. 
He  was  paymaster  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts 
Volunteer  Militia,  in  1813  and  1814,  and  captain  in  the  same  in  1815.  He  never  held 
office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  died  on  the  passage  from  South  Carolina  to 
Boston,  Aug.  23,  182 1,  aged  thirty-six  years. 

John  L.  Phillips  (1813),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Mehitable  (Lillie) 
Phillips,  was  born  March  22,  1781.  He  was  a  descendant  of  Major  William  Phillips 
(1644),  of  Boston  and  Saco.  Lieut.  Phillips  (1813)  married,  Oct.  25,  1804,  Sally 
Tector,  who  died  March  25,  1831.  He  was  "  a  very  industrious,  intelligent,  and  sub- 
stantial mechanic";  a  member  of  the  common  council  of  Boston,  from  Ward  n,  in 
1832  ;  a  member  of  Hollis  Street  Church,  and  a  representative  from  Boston  to  the 
General  Court.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1816,  and  a  lieu- 
tenant in  1820.  He  became  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M., 
Jan.  31,  181 7  ;  of  St.  Paul's  Chapter,  Feb.  23,  18 19,  and  of  Boston  Commandery,  Knights 
Templars,  Jan.  19,  1825.     He  died  in  Boston,  Jan.  9,  1867. 

George  Barrell  (1813).    Authority:  Whit-  John    L.    Phillips   (1813).        Authority: 

man's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


372  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1813 

Henry  Spear  ( 1813)  was  a  printer  in  Boston.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from 
the  Company,  April  n,  1817,  and  he  died  in  New  York  City,  in  August,  1828,  aged 
thirty- nine  years. 

John  Tarbell  (1813),  deputy-sheriff,  of  Cambridge,  was  brigadier-general  of  the 
First  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1827  to  1834 
inclusive.  He  was  made  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company,  May  22,  1819, 
and  was  discharged,  at  his  own  request,  April  23,  1832.  He  never  held  office  in  the 
Artillery  Company. 

Daniel  Wise  (1813)  was  a  cordwainer,  and  afterward  innkeeper,  in  Boston.  His 
shoe  shop  was  at  No.  n  Congress  Street.  He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1815. 

Monday  evening,  March  29,  1813,  the  Company  met  for  exercise  and  business, 
when  it  was  voted  that  a  committee  of  five  should  be  appointed  to  take  into  considera- 
tion the  subject  of  admitting  members  into  the  Company  "  who  do  not  hold,  or  have  not 
held,  commissions  in  the  militia."  Gen.  Arnold  Welles  (181 1),  Major  Benjamin  Russell 
(1788),  Lieut.-Col.  George  Sullivan  (1811),  Major  George  Blanchard  (1794),  and  Lieut.- 
Col.  Peter  Osgood  (1797)  were  appointed  said  committee. 

Friday,  April  9,  the  Artillery  Company  paraded  under  command  of  Gen.  Welles 
(1811),  "Monday  being  inconvenient  on  account  of  the  annual  election  of  governor  and 
senators."  Rev.  John  Andrews,  of  Newburyport,  was  elected  to  deliver  the  next  anni- 
versary sermon. 

April  12,  a  drill-meeting  of  the  Company  was  held,  when  it  was  announced  that 
Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  declined  to  preach  the  election  sermon.  Rev.  Joseph  McKean, 
professor  of  oratory  in  Harvard  University,  was  then  chosen  to  deliver  the  sermon. 

At  a  meeting  for  drill,  held  April  19,  the  declination  of  Rev.  Mr.  McKean,  on 
account  of  ill  health,  was  reported  to  the  Company.  Rev.  John  Pierce,  of  Brookline, 
was  then  elected  for  that  duty.     The  committee  appointed  March  29  also  reported,  viz. : 

"Your  committee  have  carefully  examined  the  ancient  charter,  and  the  practice  of 
the  Company  under  the  same  from  its  first  establishment  to  the  present  time ;  and  the 
result  of  this  investigation  is,  that  the  charter  imposes  no  restraint  on  the  Company  in 
their  freely  receiving  as  members  all  such  persons  as  they  may  see  cause  to  admit,  and 
the  records  prove  that  at  every  period  of  its  existence  a  large  proportion  of  its  most 
active  and  useful  members  have  consisted  of  those  who  have  not  held  commissions,  but 
who  have  by  their  exertions  in  its  cause,  and  their  martial  spirit,  most  essentially  con- 
tributed to  its  welfare  and  honor. 

"  To  confirm  this  idea,  suggested  by  the  committee,  they  will  quote  several  passages 
from  the  records.  The  first  article  of  the  charter  states  'that  Robert  Keayne  [1637], 
merchant,  Nathaniel  Duncan  [1638],  merchant,  Robert  Sedgwick  [1637],  gentleman, 
William  Spencer  [1637],  merchant,  and  such  others  as  they  have  already  joined  with 
them,  and  such  as  they  shall  from  time  to  time  take  into  their  Company,  shall  be  called 
The  Military  Company  of  the  Massachusetts.'  The  third  article  states  :  '  None  of  the 
said  Military  Company,  except  such  as  shall  be  officers  of  any  other  train-band  in  any 
particular  town,  shall  be  bound  to  give  attendance  upon  their  ordinary  trainings.'  In 
the  preamble  of  the  order,  established  at  the  revival,  Sept.  2,  1700,  the  Company  is 


i8i31  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  373 

termed  'a  nursery  for  training  up  soldiers  in  military  discipline,  capable  for,  and  that 
they  have  been  improved  in,  service  for  the  King  and  country.'  The  fourteenth  article 
of  these  orders  states  'that  every  soldier  belonging  to  the  Company,  not  under  obliga- 
tion to  any  of  the  companies  of  militia  in  Boston,  shall,  for  every  day  he  omits  or 
neglects  to  appear  in  arms  in  said  Company,  pay  one  shilling  fine ;  and  the  officers 
of  other  companies  in  Boston  that  do  or  may  belong  to  this  Company  shall  be  liable  to 
the  same  fine.'  The  fifteenth  article  :  '  It  is  further  agreed,  not  only  by  former  grants, 
but  with  the  consent  of  the  several  commanders  of  the  militia  of  Boston,  that  out  of  the 
several  companies  of  the  town  of  Boston,  there  may  be  listed  forty  soldiers,  and  no  more, 
belonging  to  said  companies,  which  shall  be  excused  from  any  fine  or  penalty  on 
common  training,  always  provided  they  appear  on  each  of  the  Artillery  training  days, 
or,  for  default,  to  pay  six  shillings  fine  for  the  use  of  the  Company.'  The  seventeenth 
article  :  '  That  if  any  of  the  forty  persons  that  shall  be  accepted  by  the  Company,  and 
are  excused  from  common  trainings,  be  chosen  into  any  place  that  excuses  them  from 
training  in  the  other  military  companies,  they  shall  then,  if  they  continue  in  the  Artillery 
Company,  be  no  longer  under  the  penalty  of  six  shillings  for  non-appearance,  but  liable 
to  the  fine  of  one  shilling  as  others  under  the  like  circumstances,  and  that  others  may 
be  admitted  in  their  room  to  make  up  the  number  of  forty  as  aforesaid.'  'April  6,  1761, 
at  a  meeting  of  the  Company,  voted,  that  when  any  person  offers  himself  for  admittance, 
he  shall  be  publicly  proposed,  and  stand  candidate  one  term,  that  so  none  may  be 
admitted  but  persons  of  good  repute,  who  are  able  and  willing  to  attend  on  training 
days,  and  bear  their  part  of  the  expense.'  'Voted,  that  the  members  of  the  Company 
duly  attend  to  their  duty  on  training  days,  study  for  peace,  unity,  and  good  order  among 
themselves,  that  so  they  may  encourage  the  officers  of  the  militia  and  other  suitable 
persons  to  join  them,  and  support  the  credit  and  usefulness  of  the  Company,  always 
keeping  to  those  good  and  wholesome  rules  by  which  the  Company  has  subsisted  for 
one  hundred  and  twenty-three  years.'  'At  a  meeting  April  2,  1791,  voted,  that  the  fine 
for  absence  on  muster  days  be  six  shillings,  to  be  paid  by  every  member  without  dis- 
tinction, except  that  such  members  as  are  militia  officers  be  exempted,  when  their  duty 
to  the  public  calls  their  attention  to  the  militia.'  Vote  sixth,  at  the  same  meeting  :  '  Any 
member  not  complying  with  these  regulations,  and  so  continuing  for  the  space  of  one 
year,  shall  no  longer  be  considered  a  member,  and  his  name  shall  be  returned  by  the 
clerk  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  militia  in  the  district  or  ward  to  which  he  may 
belong,  that  no  one  may  escape  military  duty.' 

"  The  principle  being  conclusively  established  that  the  original  design  in  the  first 
establishment  of  the  Company,  and  its  invariable  usage  since,  has  been  to  admit  all  such 
as,  in  the  sober  judgment  of  a  prescribed  majority  of  its  members,  were  calculated  to 
promote  its  interest  and  honor,  the  committee  are  therefore  unanimously  of  opinion 
that  it  would  prove  neither  expedient  nor  beneficial  for  the  Company  to  venture  to 
deviate  by  any  new  and  untried  experiment,  from  a  path  that  has  proved  to  them, 
through  a  tract  of  time,  so  safe  and  prosperous,  and  more  especially  at  a  moment  when 
they  are  united  and  happy,  and  in  as  flourishing  a  state  as  perhaps  at  any  period  which 
has  preceded  it." 

The  foregoing  report  was  unanimously  accepted. 

A  drill  was  held  Monday  evening,  April  26,  1813,  and  on  Monday,  May  3,  the 
Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall,  marched  to  the  Common  for  drill,  and  returned. 

May  17,  24,  and  31,  meetings  for  exercise  were  held. 


374  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1813 


On  Monday,  June  7,  the  day  being  the  anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers,  the 
Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall  at  nine  o'clock  a.  m.,  in  uniform,  under  the  command 
of  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  their  captain;  received  the  governor  and  other 
guests  at  the  State  House,  and  escorted  them  to  the  "  New  Brick,"  so  called,  or  First 
Church,  in  Chauncy  Place,  where  the  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  John  Pierce,  of 
Brookline.  An  elegant  entertainment  was  provided  in  Faneuil  Hall.  While  seated 
at  the  tables  a  violent  storm  arose,  and  the  rain  fell  in  torrents.  At  five  o'clock  p.  m.,  the 
weather  remaining  inclement,  the  Company  retired  to  the  galleries,  and  the  invited 
guests  to  the  ante-rooms,  while  the  tables  were  removed.  The  guests  and  Company 
then  returned  to  the  floor  of  the  Hall,  and  the  governor  was  seated  in  the  chair  of  state 
in  front  of  the  selectmen's  seats.  Marching  and  standing  salutes  were  paid  him,  and 
such  evolutions  performed  as  the  space  would  permit,  after  which  the  election  of  officers 
for  the  ensuing  year  was  held.  The  customary  resignation  of  badges  and  investment  of 
new  officers  then  took  place.  The  storm  was  so  severe  that  the  governor  declined  to 
be  escorted  by  the  Company  to  his  residence,  and  returned  to  his  home  in  a  private 
carriage. 

Aug.  23  and  30  the  Company  met  for  drills. 

Monday,  Sept.  6,  the  Company  paraded  as  usual,  and  Sept.  zo  and  27  held  meetings 
for  exercise. 

Monday,  Oct.  3,  1813,  the  Company  paraded,  in  uniform  complete,  exercised  on 
the  Common,  "and  on  their  return  to  the  Hall,  they  marched  to  the  residence  of  Hon. 
John  C.  Jones,  Esq.,  in  Hanover  Street,  with  whom  Oliver  H.  Perry,  the  hero  of  Lake 
Erie,  dined  that  day,  and  paid  the  gallant  commodore  the  usual  marching  and  standing 
salutes,  and  fired  three  volleys  in  honor  of  him  who  captured  the  whole  naval  force  of 
the  British  on  Lake  Erie  on  the  10th  of  September  last,  after  a  most  sanguinary  and 
desperate  battle.  The  Company,  highly  elated  with  having  paid  this  small  tribute  of 
respect  to  so  modest,  yet  so  brave,  an  officer,  returned  to  the  Hall,  and  partook  of  a 
collation,  prepared  for  the  occasion,  and  thus  closed  the  duties  of  the  year." 

Rev.  John  Andrews,  of  Newburyport,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  election 
sermon  in  1813.  He  was  a  son  of  Joseph  and  Hannah  (Richmond)  Andrews,  and  was 
born  in  Hingham,  March  3,  1764.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1786.  He 
married,  Sept.  8,  1789,  Margaret  Wigglesworth,  of  Cambridge.  Dec.  10,  1788,  he  settled 
over  the  Third  Church  in  Newbury  (now  First  Church  in  Newburyport),  as  colleague 
with  Rev.  Thomas  Cary.  The  last  named  died  Nov.  24,  1808,  when  Mr.  Andrews 
became  sole  pastor.  He  continued  in  that  relation  until  May  1,  1830,  when  he  resigned. 
Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  died  in  1845. 

Rev.  Joseph  McKean,  of  Harvard  University,  Cambridge,  was  invited  to  deliver 
the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1813.  He  declined  to  accept  the  invitation.  He  had 
been  invited  ten  years  before  to  deliver  the  anniversary  sermon,  but  declined,  on 
account  of  ill  health.     See  page  322. 

Rev.  John  Pierce,  D.  D.,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1813.  He 
was  a  son  of  John  and  Sarah  (Blake)  Pierce,  and  was  born  in  Dorchester,  Mass.,  July 

Rev.  John  Pierce,  D.  D.  Authorities:  Hists.  of  Dorchester;  Sprague's  Annals  of  American 
Pulpit. 


,3i4]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  375 

14,  1773.  He  was  descended  through  both  parents  from  Puritan  ancestors,  who  came 
over  from  Dorchester,  England,  at  an  early  period,  and  were  among  the  first  settlers  of 
the  town  of  Dorchester,  Mass.,  so  that  most  of  the  old  families  of  that  place  (and 
several  members  of  the  Artillery  Company)  were  in  some  way  connected  with  him. 

Though  fitted  for  college  in  a  common  school,  he  took  high  rank  as  a  scholar,  and 
was  second  only  to  Judge  Charles  Jackson.  Mr.  Pierce  graduated  from  Harvard  College 
in  1793,  when  the  second  English  oration  was  assigned  to  him.  Immediately  after 
graduation  he  was  employed  as  a  tutor  in  the  college.  Among  those  whom  he  instructed 
were  William  E.  Channing  and  Mr.  Story,  afterward  judge.  Mr.  Pierce  studied  for  the 
ministry  with  the  Rev.  Dr.  Harris,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1805, 
and  was  pastor  of  the  church  which  Mr.  Pierce's  father  attended.  Mr.  Pierce  received 
a  unanimous  call  from  the  church  in  Brookline,  Mass.,  to  settle  as  its  pastor.  He 
accepted,  and  was  installed  March  15,  1797.  He  continued  in  this  relation  until  his 
decease,  which  occurred  Aug.  24,  1849.  He  was  deeply  interested  in  his  native  town, 
and  was  an  authority  as  to  its  history,  a  devoted  friend  of  Harvard  College,  and  its 
secretary  for  many  years. 


8  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1814  were:  William 

Howe  (1806),  captain;    George  Welles  (1807),  lieuteuant;    Levi  Melcher 
(1802),  ensign.     Benjamin  Loring  (1810)  was  first  sergeant;   John  Dodd, 
Jr.  (1810),  second  sergeant;   James  B.  Marston  (1810),  third  sergeant;  Thomas  Wells 
(1811),  fourth  sergeant;    George  Blanchard  (1794),  treasurer;    Dexter  Dana  (1798), 
clerk,  and  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1814  were:  Levi  Bartlett, 
William  Coffin,  Charles  A.  Dennett,  William  Eager,  Heman  Fay,  Charles  C.  Gay,  Lusher 
Gay,  Ebenezer  Goodrich,  Christopher  Gore,  Ethan  A.  Greenwood,  Benjamin  Huntington, 
Samuel  W.  Kendall,  John  Kendrick,  John  M.  Marston,  Eleazer  Nichols,  Jonas  Prouty, 
Thomas  Robinson,  Charles  Spencer,  Asa  Taylor,  Asa  Tisdale,  John  Tyler,  Samuel  K. 
White. 

Levi  Bartlett  (1814),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Salisbury,  N.  H.,  June  3, 
1784.  He  married,  Dec.  19,  1814,  Clarissa,  daughter  of  Hon.  Timothy  Walker,  of  Con- 
cord, N.  H.     She  died  Oct.  28,  1845. 

In  1 81 3  he  came  to  Boston,  and  soon  entered  into  a  partnership  with  Calvin  Bruce, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Bartlett  &  Bruce,  for  the  transaction  of  the  grocery  business,  at 
No.  3  Ann  Street.  At  the  end  of  two  years,  Mr.  Bruce  retired.  In  1816,  Mr.  Bartlett 
(1814)  admitted  Aaron  Woodman  as  a  partner,  and  continued  the  same  business  under 
the  firm  name  of  Bartlett  &  Woodman,  on  Long  Wharf  and  South  Market  Street.  It  was 
dissolved,  at  the  end  of  nine  years,  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Woodman,  and  Ebenezer  T. 
Farrington  was  received  as  a  partner,  under  the  name  of  Levi  Bartlett  &  Co.  This  firm 
was  located  near  the  head  of  Long  Wharf,  and  continued  until  the  death  of  Mr.  Bartlett 
(1814).  For  more  than  half  a  century,  he  was  well  known  and  highly  respected  by  the 
business  community  of  Boston  as  an  upright  and  successful  merchant. 

He  became  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  July  3,  1817,  and  held 

Levi  Bartlett  (1814).    Authority:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


37^  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND 


[1814 


the  office  of  treasurer  from  182 1  to  1828.  He  was  a  representative  in  the  General  Court ; 
was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1817,  and  its  treasurer  in  1824  and  1825. 
He  died  June  21,  1864,  aged  eighty  years. 

William  Coffin  (1814)  was  probably  the  same  William  Coffin  who  joined  the  Artil- 
lery Company  in  1806.     He  was  honorably  discharged  by  the  Company  in  1815. 

Charles  A.  Dennett  (1814),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  of  the  firm  of  Bailey  & 
Dennett,  located  at  No.  27  Central  Wharf,  and  engaged  in  the  West  India  goods  business. 
He  was  discharged  from  the  Company,  at  his  own  request,  in  18 15. 

William  Eager  (1814),  merchant,  of  Boston,  did  business  at  No.  18  Central  Wharf, 
and  resided  in  Hartford  Place.  June  14,  1814,  by  act  of  the  Legislature,  his  name, 
Welcome  Eager,  was  changed  to  William  Eager. 

Heman  Fay  (1814)  was  a  grocer  of  Boston.  In  1820  he  resided  on  Wiltshire  Street. 
He  paraded  with  the  Company  in  1822,  and  was  discharged  May  6,  1833. 

Charles  C.  Gay  (1814),  of  Cambridge,  attained  the  grade  of  ensign  in  the  militia. 
He  was  discharged  from  the  Artillery  Company  in  1815,  and  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
Jan.  26,  1820. 

Lusher  Gay  (1814),  merchant,  of  Cambridge,  son  of  Willard  and  Sarah  (Colburn) 
Gay,  was  born  in  Dedham,  Oct.  27,  1788,  and  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  3,  1850.  He 
married,  April  22,  181 1,  Fanny  Ellis,  of  Dedham,  by  whom  he  had  five  children.  She 
was  born  April  22,  1789,  and  died  Sept.  10,  1851.  He  became  colonel  of  the  Cambridge 
regiment  (First  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  Third  Division)  in  1822,  having  served  for 
several  years  in  the  State  militia,  and  was  first  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
1822.  He  was  engaged  in  business  for  a  few  years  in  Cambridge,  but  in  1829  removed 
to  Troy,  N.  Y.,  where  he  became  the  proprietor  of  the  first  line  of  sailing  packets 
established  between  Troy  and  Boston.  His  son,  Willard  (born  Dec.  16,  1817;  died 
April  21,  1891),  was  president  of  the  National  State  Bank,  of  Troy,  N.  Y. 

Capt.  Lusher  Gay  (1814)  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1814,  and  was  discharged 
in  1815  ;  he  rejoined  it  Oct.  6,  1817,  and  was  honorably  discharged  April  19,  1824. 

Ebenezer  Goodrich  (1814),  organ  builder,  of  Boston,  was  third  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1820.     He  died  at  Boston,  May  13,  1841,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Christopher  Gore  (1814),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  (1786)  and  Mary 
(Pierce)  Gore,  was  born  in  Boston,  June  27,  1787.  He  married,  (1)  May  30,  1820, 
Rosella  Ransom  and  (2)  Lydia  (Ransom)  Goudey.  tie  had  two  daughters  by  his  first 
wife,  and  one  by  his  second.  He  was  a  nephew  of  Christopher  Gore,  governor  of 
Massachusetts.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1812  to  1816  inclusive,  and  lieutenant  from  181 7 
to  18 19  inclusive;  also,  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 17,  and  ensign 
in  1 82 1. 

Lusher  Gay  (1814).    Authorities:  Dedham  Christopher  Gore   (1814).     Authorities: 

Records;  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Boston  Records;  Gore  Family,  by  Mr.  Whitmore; 
Ed.  1842;  Mass.  Military  Rolls.  Mass.  Military  Rolls. 


,g,4]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  377 

Ethan  Allen  Greenwood  (1814),  lawyer  and  portrait  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of 
Moses  and  Betsey  (Dunlap)  Greenwood,  was  born  in  Hubbardston,  May  27,  1779, 
where  he  died,  May  2,  1856.  His  father  moved  from  Holden  to  Hubbardston  about 
1770;  his  mother  was  born  in  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.,  and  at  the  age  of  four  years  was 
rescued  from  the  Indians,  who  murdered  her  parents  and  burned  their  house.  Mr. 
Greenwood  (1814)  worked  on  his  father's  farm  until  he  was  nineteen  years  of  age. 
In  1798  he  studied  under  the  tutorship  of  Rev.  Joseph  Russell,  of  Princeton,  and  in 
December  of  that  year  entered  the  academy  at  New  Salem.  He  taught  school  winters, 
and  April  15,  1800,  entered  Leicester  Academy  to  fit  for  college,  and  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1806.  He  made  his  first  effort  in  portrait  painting  Oct.  16,  1801, 
and  he  added  in  his  diary,  "  Succeeded  better  than  I  expected  the  first  day."  After 
graduation  he  studied  law  with  Solomon  Strong,  but  never  practised  much.  He  devoted 
himself  to  portrait  painting,  and  became  successful  and  deservedly  popular  in  New 
England. 

Feb.  12,  18 12,  he  was  elected  a  director  in,  and  clerk  of,  the  Linum  Spinner 
Company,  a  corporation  organized  to  manufacture  linen  by  machinery.  He  continued 
to  hold  these  places  until  Feb.  1,  1819,  when  the  last  records  of  the  company  were 
made.  Mr.  Greenwood  (1814)  and  Alexander  Dustin  then  held  a  majority  of  the 
stock.  On  the  14th  of  July,  1818,  he  opened  the  New  England  Museum,  at  No.  76 
Court  Street,  corner  of  Cornhill,  and  established  branches  in  Portland  and  Provi- 
dence. He  continued  in  this  business  until  1840,  when  his  losses  compelled  him  to 
abandon  it. 

About  1830  he  moved  to  Hubbardston,  took  possession  of  the  old  homestead,  and 
resided  there  until  his  decease.  He  carried  on  a  farm,  kept  a  hotel,  and  was  justice 
of  the  peace.  In  1853,  when  seventy-four  years  of  age,  he  journeyed  to  Pennsylvania, 
thence  to  Canada,  St.  Louis,  and  New  Orleans,  where  he  spent  the  winter.  He  extended 
his  travels  into  Mexico  and  Tampico.  He  returned  by  the  way  of  the  Atlantic  States. 
He  kept  a  diary  daily  from  1798  to  February,  1856.  He  was  an  enterprising  man, 
genial,  public  spirited,  well  read,  popular,  and  of  uncommonly  fine  presence.  From  1833 
to  1850  he  did  very  much  in  improving  the  appearance  of  Hubbardston  village,  by 
remodelling  houses,  setting  out  trees,  etc.  He  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  selectmen 
of  that  town  in  1833,  representative  to  the  General  Court  in  1833  and  1834,  and  senator 
in  1836  and  1837.  He  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1818.  Mr. 
Greenwood  (1814)  became  a  member  of  St.  Paul's  Chapter,  May  8,  1819. 

In  the  winter  of  1829  he  married  Caroline  Carter  Warren,  by  whom  he  had 
a  son  and  a  daughter,  the  latter  of  whom  married  William  L.  Russell,  of  Hub- 
bardston. 

Benjamin  Huntington  (1814),  broker,  of  Boston,  was  born  June  1,  1789.  He 
married  Caroline,  daughter  of  Peter  Dolliver,  of  Boston.  She  died  in  New  York  City, 
Dec.  13,  1852.  He  began  business  as  a  broker  in  Exchange  Street,  Boston,  and  con- 
tinued in  that  occupation  until  his  decease,  in  June,  1832.  He  was  naturally  of  a 
military  turn,  "  every  inch  a  soldier,"  and,  from  the  lowest  office  in  a  company,  he  passed 
by  regular  promotions  to  the  position  of  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment.  He 
was  ensign  in  1813,  lieutenant  in  1814,  captain  from  1815  to  1817,  major  in  1818,  lieu- 
tenant-colonel from  18 1 9  to  1821;  also,  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1817. 


378  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [,8,4 

Samuel  W.  Kendall  (1814),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  Samuel  and  Abigail 
(Woodward)  Kendall,  was  born  in  Weston,  May  31,  1790.  He  married,  Oct.  31,  1813, 
in  Boston,  Charlotte  Richards,  daughter  of  Capt.  Nathaniel  and  Sarah  Richards,  born 
March  22,  1790.  She  was  a  sister  of  Capt.  Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr.  (1816).  Mr.  Ken- 
dall (1814)  was  engaged  in  the  dry  goods  business  in  Boston,  of  the  firm  of  Kendall  & 
Perrin,  Kilby  Street,  and  was  in  New  York  City  making  purchases  at  the  time  of  his 
decease.  He  was  a  nephew  of  Col.  Thomas  Marshall  (1761).  He  served  in  the  State 
militia,  and  became  paymaster  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1815. 

Lieut  Kendall  (1814)  died  in  New  York  City,  Nov.  30,  1820,  and  was  buried  there. 
His  wife  died  in  Boston,  Aug.  23,  181 6,  at  the  Richards  homestead  on  Federal  Street, 
next  to  the  Federal  Street  Theatre,  corner  of  Franklin  and  Federal  streets. 

John  Kendrick  (1814),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  John 
Sullivan  &  Co.,  who  were  in  the  West  India  goods  business  at  No.  5  Fish  Street.  He 
resided  on  Belknap  Street.     He  died  Sept.  17,  1834,  aged  forty-nine  years. 

John  M.  Marston  (1814),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  engaged  in  the  West  India  trade 
at  No.  7  Central  Wharf,  and  resided  on  Hamilton  Street.  Mr.  Marston  (1814)  was 
ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  from  1815  to  1817,  and  lieutenant  from  1818  to  1821;  also  fourth  sergeant  of 
the  Artillery  Company  in   181 6. 

Eleazer  Nichols  (1814),  housewright,  of  Boston,  resided  at  No.  20  Warren  Street. 
He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Jonas  Prouty  (1814),  painter,  of  Boston,  was  in  partnership  with  his  brother,  Joel, 
and  their  shop  was  in  Hawley  Place.  Jonas  Prouty  (1814)  resided  at  No.  32  Myrtle 
Street.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  says  of  him, 
"Independent  but  childless;  universally  beloved  for  his  unobtrusive  philanthropy  and 
amiable  temper.  He  was  long  an  invalid,  though  a  man  of  regular  habits,  and  studious 
to  promote  his  health  by  travelling."     He  died  Dec.  18,  1828,  aged  forty-seven  years. 

Thomas  Robinson  (1814)  was  a  housewright  or  shopkeeper,  of  Boston,  and  resided 
in  the  rear  of  No.  55  Prince  Street. 

Charles  Spencer  (1814)  was  a  trader,  of  Cambridge.  He  attained  the  grade  of 
lieutenant  in  the  militia.  At  his  own  request,  he  was  discharged  from  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1815. 

Asa  Taylor  (1814),  of  Boston,  was  discharged  from  the  Company,  at  his  own 
request,  in  181 5. 

Asa  Tisdale  (1814),  was  a  hatter,  of  Boston.  Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  of  him, 
in  his  history  of  the  Artillery  Company,  "  This  gentleman  was  very  tall,  erect,  and  broad- 
shouldered.  On  the  return  of  peace,  in  1815,  there  were  numerous  military  vacancies. 
An  election  took  place  on  the  same  day  in  nearly  thirty  companies.     By  way  of  a  joke 

Asa  Tisdale  (1814).    Authority:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


i8i4]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  379 

it  was  proposed  to  elect  Tisdale  [1814].  The  Ann  Street  Company  elected  him  captain, 
and  the  Federal  Street  Company  elected  him  ensign.  The  committee  where  he  had 
been  elected  captain  waited  on  him  first,  and  he  accepted,  brought  in  his  dozen  of  wine, 
and,  with  his  fellow-boarders,  much  enjoyment  was  had.  Before  the  first  committee 
had  retired  the  second  arrived,  tendering  him  the  office  of  ensign.  Nobody  said  any- 
thing of  the  previous  election.  Tisdale  [1814],  really  puzzled  what  to  say,  ordered  in 
another  dozen  of  wine,  and  prepared  with  much  solemnity  to  give  his  answer,  which 
was,  that  he  felt  highly  honored,  but  could  not  accept.  He  was  again  urged  by  all  the 
motives  the  ingenuity  of  the  committee  could  suggest.  Tisdale  [1814]  coolly  and  dryly 
answered  that  he  had  just  accepted  of  the  office  of  captain,  and  he  did  not  see  how  he 
could,  with  his  great  size,  cover  more  space  than  that  commission  required."  Mr. 
Tisdale  [18 14]  held  the  position  of  captain  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  181 5  to  181 7  inclusive. 

John  Tyler  (18 14),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  engaged  in  business  at  No.  9  Central 
Wharf,  and  resided  at  no  Orange  Street. 

Samuel  K.  White  (1814)  was  a  shopkeeper,  of  Boston.  He  was  discharged  from 
the  Artillery  Company  in  18 15. 

The  first  Monday  in  April  being  the  day  for  the  annual  choice  of  governor  and 
senators,  the  Artillery  Company  held  their  parade  on  Friday,  April  8,  1814.  The  usual 
drill  was  held  on  the  Common,  and.  after  their  return  to  the  armory  Rev.  William  E. 
Channing,  of  Boston,  was  chosen  to  deliver  the  election  sermon  in  June  following. 

Drill  meetings  were  held  April  18  and  25,  and  May  16,  23,  and  30. 

April  18  it  was  reported  that  Rev.  Mr.  Channing  declined  preaching  the  election 
sermon,  being  about  to  take  a  long  journey  for  his  health.  Rev.  Samuel  Cary,  of 
Boston,  was  then  chosen  to  preach  the  sermon,  and  April  25  he  accepted  the   invitation. 

May  2  the  Company  paraded  at  three  o'clock  p.  m  ,  in  uniform  complete,  marched 
to  the  Common,  and  after  exercise  returned  to  the  Hall,  where  a  collation  was  provided. 

Monday,  June  6,  18 14,  being  the  anniversary  of  the  election  of  officers,  the  Com- 
pany assembled  at  nine  o'clock  a.  m.,  and,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Jonathan 
Whitney  (1797),  marched  to  the  State  House,  received  the  governor  and  guests,  and 
proceeded  to  the  First  Church,  in  Chauncy  Place,  where  the  sermon  was  delivered  by 
Rev.  Samuel  Cary.  After  service  an  elegant  entertainment  was  provided  in  Faneuil 
Hall.  At  the  election  held  on  the  Common,  Mr.  William  Howe  (1806)  was  elected 
captain;  Capt.  George  Welles  (1807),  lieutenant;  Mr.  Levi  Melcher  (1802),  ensign; 
Capt.  Benjamin  Loring  (1810),  first  sergeant;  Lieut.  John  Dodd,  Jr.  (1810),  second 
sergeant;  Capt.  James  B.  Marston  (1810),  third  sergeant;  Mr.  Thomas  Wells  (1811), 
fourth  sergeant;  Major  George  Blanchard  (1794),  treasurer;  Mr.  Dexter  Dana  (1798), 
clerk;  Capt.  Samuel  Todd  (1786),  armorer. 

Company  orders  were  issued  July  5,  1814,  to  Sergt.  Benjamin  Loring  ( 1810),  orderly 
of  the  Company,  ordering  him  to  form  a  drill  list,  "  to  consist  of  all  who  were  admitted 
members  the  last  military  year  of  the  Company,  and  all  such  others  as  need  drilling. 
This  drill  to  be  continued  weekly  until  the  order  is  revoked." 

The  members  were  personally  notified  of  a  special  meeting  to  be  held  July  18,  and 
a  warning  notice  was  inserted  in  the  Centinel. 


380  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,8,4 

"Monday  evening,  July  18,  18 r 4,  the  Company  met  pursuant  to  orders,  and  took 
into  consideration  the  alarming  situation  of  the  country,  and  the  expectation  of  an 
invasion  by  the  enemy.  Several  members  were  absent  on  duty,  they  being  ordered  out 
by  the  commander-in-chief.  The  person  making  up  these  records  being  of  this  number, 
and  scarcely  any  papers  or  minutes  being  found,  no  correct  record  can  be  made  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  Company  at  this  eventful  crisis.  Capt.  Howe  [1806]  having  found 
among  his  loose  papers  several  of  his  orders,  in  their  original  or  rough  draft,  lent  all  the 
aid  in  his  power  to  render  the  record  as  complete  as  possible.  The  recorder,  however, 
recollects  with  pride  the  spirit  and  ardor  which  seemed  to  glow  in  every  breast,  and  the 
spirited  exertions  of  every  member  of  this  Company,  as  well  as  every  fellow-citizen,  to 
repel  any  invasion  and  prepare  for  any  emergency." 

The  Company  order  of  July  22  cautions  Sergt.  Loring  (1810)  to  "pay  particular 
attention  in  firing,  that  the  men  bring  their  pieces  down  to  a  level,  and  keep  the  butt 
firm  against  the  shoulder  and  take  good  aim." 

The  Company  met  for  drill  and  exercise  July  29  and  Aug.  n,  15,  22,  and  29. 

Aug.  25  the  armorer  was  ordered  to  purchase  a  sufficient  quantity  of  powder  for  the 
two  field-days,  and  have  one  thousand  blank  cartridges  made  for  Monday,  Sept.  5  next. 

"  Boston,  Monday,  Sept.  5,  1814.  This  being  the  regular  field-day  of  the  Company 
pointed  out  by  their  charter,  the  Company  met  at  Faneuil  Hall  at  three  o'clock,  in  half 
uniform,  adopted  by  the  Company  during  the  present  situation  of  the  country,  viz. :  Blue 
or  black  coat  and  pantaloons,  and  boots,  with  round  hat  and  cockade.  The  Company, 
under  command  of  their  captain,  William  Howe  [1806],  marched  to  the  Common  and 
performed  many  manoeuvres  and  firings,  after  which  they  returned  to  the  Hall  and  were 
dismissed." 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  paper  drawn  up  when  an  immediate  attack  on  the 
town  was  expected,  so  that  the  Company  might  take  an  active  part  if  called  upon.  It 
contains  the  names  of  many  of  the  honorary  members,  excused  by  age  from  military 
duty,  and  also  of  many  others  likewise  free  by  age  from  duty,  but  who  had  been  formerly 
active  members,  as  also  most  of  the  active  members  not  on  other  duty  by  virtue  of  the 
commissions  they  held  in  the  militia :  — 

"  We  the  undersigned,  having  been  active  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  in  the  town  of  Boston,  but  now  exempt  by  law  from  doing  military 
duty,  are  anxious  at  this  critical  moment  to  share  with  our  fellow-citizens  the  duty  of 
soldiers,  —  do  therefore  volunteer  our  services  to  his  Excellency  the  commander-in-chief, 
under  the  present  commander  of  said  Company,  and  respectfully  request  that  he  may  be 
commissioned  accordingly.  Boston,  Sept.  10,  1814.  Joseph  Eaton  [1773],  James 
Phillips  [1790],  George  Blanchard  [1794],  Andrew  Sigourney  [1806],  Benjamin  Clark 
[1806],  Benjamin  Russell  [1788],  Samuel  Todd  [1786],  Jeremiah  Kahler  [1790],  Henry 
Fowle  [1806]. 

"We  the  undersigned,  being  active  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  and  holding  no  commission  in  the  militia,  are  anxious  to  do  duty  under  our 
present  captain,  who  was  commissioned  agreeably  to  the  ancient  charter  of  said  Com- 
pany, but  cannot  act  under  it,  —  do  therefore  offer  our  services  to  your  Excellency,  and 
respectfully  join  in  the  request  of  the  honorary  and  other  members  as  above  stated. 
Boston,  Sept.  10,  1814.  John  B.  Hammatt  [1801],  Jacob  Hall  [1802],  Asa  Ward 
[1808],  Ephraim  French,  Jr.  [1809],  Levi  Melcher  [1802],  Dexter  Dana  [1798],  Abra- 
ham Wood  [1810],  Thomas  Wells  [1811],  Daniel  L.  Ware  [1811],  H.  G.  Ware  [1811], 


1814]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  38 1 

David  W.  Bradlee  [181 1],  John  Childs  [1812],  James  Russell  [1812],  John  Blunt,  Jr. 
[1813],  Daniel  Wise  [1813],  John  L.  Phillips  [1813],  Eleazer  Nichols  [1814],  Samuel 
W.  Kendall  [1814],  Samuel  K.  White  [1814],  Heman  Fay  [1814],  John  Tyler  [1814], 
Terence  Wakefield  [1807],  Charles  A.  Dennett  [1814],  Ethan  A.Greenwood  [1814], 
Levi  Bartlett  [1814],  William  Eager  [1814],  John  M.  Marston  [1814],  John  Kendrick 
[1814],  AsaTisdale  [1814],  Ephraim  Dana  [1812],  Robert  Fennelly  [1806]." 

The  foregoing  was  shown  to  the  adjutant-general,  John  Brooks,  Esq.  (1786),  who 
was  an  honorary  member  ;  but,  as  by  receiving  a  commission,  Capt.  William  Howe  (1806) 
would  then  be  the  youngest  captain,  and  must  take  rank  accordingly,  the  services  were 
accepted  and  no  commission  granted.  Upon  the  adjutant-general's  advice,  the  Com- 
pany were  to  receive  orders  from  his  Excellency  the  governor  through  the  adjutant- 
general,  and  act  independently  of  all  other  corps.  Whereupon  Capt.  William  Howe 
(1806)  issued  the  following  Company  order:  — 

"Boston,  Sept.  10,  1814. 

"  It  becomes  the  duty  of  every  man  at  this  moment  of  danger  to  know  his  post,  and 
repair  to  it  on  the  first  alarm,  whether  by  night  or  day.  The  members  of  this  Company 
not  in  commission  in  the  militia  will  therefore,  on  the  alarm  being  given,  repair  to  their 
armory  in  Faneuil  Hall,  and  there  wait  further  orders.  The  peculiar  situation  of  the 
Company  makes  it  necessary  for  the  commander  to  appoint  one  subaltern  and  four 
non-commissioned  officers  to  act  until  further  orders  from  his  Excellency,  the  com- 
mander-in-chief. I  do  therefore  appoint  Ensign  Levi  Melcher  [1802]  to  the  rank  of 
lieutenant,  and  Sergt.  Thomas  Wells  [1811],  ensign;  Messrs.  John  B.  Hammatt  [1801], 
first;  Jacob  Hall  [1802],  second;  Robert  Fennelly  [1806],  third,  and  Terence  Wake- 
field [1807],  fourth  sergeants;  Mr.  David  W.  Bradlee  [1811],  superintendent  of  the 
armory,  vice  Capt.  Todd  [1786]  on  duty,  and  they  will  be  obeyed  accordingly. 

"  William  Howe,  Captain." 

Monday,  Sept.  12  ;  Monday,  Sept.  19,  and  Monday,  Sept.  26,  the  Artillery  Company 
met  for  exercise. 

Monday,  Oct.  3,  18 14,  being  the  regular  field-day  appointed  by  the  charter,  the 
Company  paraded  in  half  uniform,  and,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  William  Howe 
(1806),  at  three  o'clock  marched  to  the  Common,  and  performed  a  variety  of  exercises 
and  firings,  and,  when  returned  to  the  Hall,  were  dismissed. 

"Company  Orders,  Boston,  Oct.  26,  1814.  John  B.  Hammatt  [1801],  sergeant 
pro  tern.  You  are  hereby  ordered  to  notify  the  men  named  in  the  enclosed  list  to  meet 
at  the  armory  to-morrow  at  half  past  five  o'clock  p.  m.,  to  perform  guard  duty  at  Faneuil 
Hall.  You  will  see  that  the  men  are  completely  equipped.  Cartridges  will  be  furnished 
you  by  the  superintendent  of  the  armory.  The  sentries  will  be  placed  at  six  o'clock  p.  m., 
and  dismissed  at  six  o'clock  a.  m.  You  will  post  one  at  the  door,  one  on  the  first  land- 
ing or  broad  stair,  and  one  at  the  door  of  the  guard-house.  The  greatest  attention  is 
expected  from  the  gentlemen  composing  the  guard,  especially  in  setting  and  relieving 
sentries.  You  will  pay  particular  attention  that  no  disturbance  takes  place,  and  that  no 
person  is  hailed  but  those  who  approach  the  door.  Mr.  Abraham  Wood  [1810]  will 
act  as  corporal  of  the  guard ;  you  will  notify  him  accordingly. 

"William  Howe,  Captain. 

"Guard-house  of  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  Oct.  28,  1814.  William 
Howe,  Esq.  [1810],  captain.     Sir,  Agreeable  to  Company  order  of  26th  inst.,  I  posted 


382  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1814 


a  guard  at  six  o'clock  p.  m.  on  the  27th,  and  raised  it  at  six  o'clock  this  morning  in  the 
following  manner  :  — 

Posts.  First  relief,  6-12.  Second  rtlief,  8-2.  Third  relief,  10-4. 

i.     John  Blunt,  Jr.  [1813].        Ebenezer  Goodrich  [18 14].       Daniel  Wise  [1813]. 

2.  James  Russell  [1812].         Henry  Spear  [181 3].  Benjamin  Clark  [1806]. 

3.  Caswell  Beal  [1806].  Andrew  Sigourney  [1806].         Henry  Fowle  [1806]. 

"I  appointed  Jonathan  Whitney  [1797]  corporal  of  the  guard,  and  he  discharged 
the  duty  with  honor  to  himself,  and  to  my  entire  satisfaction.  Nothing  of  importance 
occurred  during  the  night.  The  men  behaved  with  the  utmost  propriety,  both  on  and 
off  duty ;  a  perfect  soldier-like  conduct  marked  their  whole  deportment,  insomuch  that 
any"  officer  might  be  proud  to  command  such  men.  Early  in  the  morning  I  received 
the  enclosed  request,  and  gave  immediate  order  to  have  it  complied  with.  I  have 
notified  Jonathan  Whitney  [1797],  A.  Sigourney  [1806],  H.  Fowle  [1806],  B.  Clark 
[1806],  Ebenezer  Goodrich  [1814],  John  Blunt,  Jr.  [1813],  James  Russell  [1812], 
Daniel  Wise  [1813]  for  duty  on  Monday  night,  also  Z.  G.  Whitman  [18 10]  and  Edward 
Gray  [1810].  John  B.  Hammatt,  Sergeant  pro  tern. 

"The  orders  and  returns  of  the  other  sergeants  are  lost,  and  cannot  therefore  be 
recorded,  but  the  recorder  recollects  with  pride  that  every  non-commissioned  officer 
and  man  on  duty,  during  the  time  required,  faithfully  attended  to  his  duty,  and  received 
the  approbation  of  Captain  Howe  [1806]. 

"Company  orders,  Boston,  Dec.  8,  1814.  The  cause  for  which  the  Company  was 
organized  agreeable  to  orders  of  the  13th  of  September  having  ceased,  the  commander 
directs  that  acting  Lieut.  Melcher  [1802]  and  Ensign  Wells  [181 1]  resume  their  former 
commands.  Messrs.  J.  B.  Hammatt  [1801],  Jacob  Hall  [1802],  Robert  Fennelly  [1806], 
and  Terence  Wakefield  [1807],  acting  sergeants,  return  to  the  ranks,  returning  the 
swords,  etc.,  to  the  superintendent  of  the  armory.  They  will  accept  the  thanks  of  the 
commander  for  the  attention  paid  to  all  orders,  and  for  the  faithful  discharge  of  all 
duties  assigned  them.  The  superintendent  of  the  armory  pro  tent,  will  continue  until 
further  orders.  The  commander  returns  his  sincere  thanks  to  the  gentlemen,  commis- 
sioned officers,  who  so  cheerfully  volunteered  their  services  to  perform  guard  duty. 
Those  gentlemen  formerly  members  of  the  Company,  but  exempt  by  law  from  doing 
military  duty,  who  volunteered  their  services  in  the  Company  at  that  critical  moment, 
will  also  accept  his  thanks  for  their  strict  attention  to  every  order.  Should  the  town  be 
again  threatened  with  an  attack,  the  commander  would  be  happy  to  see  the  ranks  filled 
with  such  men.  The  affairs  of  the  treasurer  being  such  as  made  it  the  duty  of  the 
commander  to  appoint  one  pro  tern.,  accordingly  Andrew  Sigourney,  Esq.  [1806],  was 
appointed,  and  accepted.  The  blankets  will  be  delivered  on  application  to  the  super- 
intendent of  the  armory.  Per  order  of  the  commanding  officer, 

"  Dexter  Dana,  Clerk." 

Rev.  William  E.  Charming,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery 
election  sermon  of  1814,  but  declined,  "being  about  to  take  a  long  journey  for  his 
health."     He  was  a  son  of  William  and  Lucy  (Ellery)  Channing,  and  was  born  in' New- 
Rev.  William  E.  Channing,  D.  D.     Authority:    Memoir  of  Rev.  William  E.  Channing,  by  his 
nephew,  William  H.  Channing. 


,8,5]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  383 

port,  R.  I.,  April  8,  1780.  In  his  boyhood  he  attended  school  in  his  native  town,  and,  at 
the  age  of  twelve  years,  he  was  sent  to  New  London,  Conn.,  to  prepare  for  college,  under 
the  care  of  his  uncle,  Rev.  Henry  Channing.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1798,  and  afterward,  for  one  year  and  a  half,  was  a  tutor  in  Richmond,  Va.  In  1800 
he  returned  to  Newport,  where  he  remained  until  1802,  when  he  returned  to  Cam- 
bridge, having  been  elected  to  the  office  of  regent  of  Harvard  University.  He  began 
to  preach  soon  after,  and,  in  June,  1803,  he  was  ordained  to  the  Christian  ministry,  and 
installed  as  pastor  of  the  Federal  Street  Congregational  Church  in  Boston.  In  1814  he 
married  his  cousin,  Ruth  Gibbs.  In  1821  he  received  the  title  of  D.  D.  from  Harvard 
University,  and,  in  1822,  travelled  extensively  in  Europe.  In  1824  he  received  as  col- 
league the  Rev.  Ezra  Stiles  Gannett.  Rev.  Mr.  Channing  died  on  Sunday,  Oct.  2,  1842, 
while  on  a  journey,  at  Bennington,  Vt,  and  was  buried  at  Boston  on  the  7th  of  that 
month. 

Rev.  Samuel  Cary,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1814.  He 
was  a  son  of  Rev.  Thomas  Cary,  and  was  born  in  Newburyport,  Nov.  24,  1785. 
He  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1804.  Rev.  Mr.  Freeman,  of  King's  Chapel, 
Boston,  hearing  the  commencement  part  of  Mr.  Cary  at  his  graduation,  expressed  a 
desire  that  Mr.  Cary  should  become  his  colleague.  Mr.  Cary  studied  theology  at  Cam- 
bridge three  years,  and,  in  November,  1807,  he  was  invited  to  assist  Mr.  Freeman  during 
a  period  of  illness  in  his  family.  At  the  close  of  the  engagement,  June  20,  1808,  the 
wardens  addressed  him  a  vote  of  thanks  and  congratulation,  with  a  valuable  enclosure. 
The  same  year,  Mr.  Cary  was  invited  to  become  Mr  Freeman's  colleague.  He  accepted 
in  November,  and  his  installation  took  place  Jan.  1,  1809. 

Mr.  Cary  married,  Sept.  26,  181 1,  Mary  Atkinson,  of  New  York.  Early  in  1813  he 
became  an  invalid,  and  sought  restored  health  by  a  foreign  voyage.  He  sailed  for 
Europe,  Sept.  3,  1813,  but  returned  to  America  soon  after.  In  March,  1815,  he  was 
attacked  by  a  violent  cold,  which  confined  him  to  his  house  for  several  weeks,  and,  after 
partial  recovery,  he  visited  Philadelphia.  He  returned  home  better,  but  not  cured. 
Another  voyage  across  the  Atlantic  was  suggested,  and  he  sailed  for  London,  Sept.  3, 
1815.  He  died  in  England,  Oct.  22,  1815,  and  was  buried  there.  In  the  Gravel  Pit 
(Unitarian)  Church,  in  Hackney,  the  Unitarians  erected  a  monument  to  his  memory. 


n  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1815  were :  John  Roul- 

IOl  ^.stone  (1812),  captain;  Robert  Fennelly  (1806),  lieutenant ;  Terence  Wake- 
«-'  field  (1807),  ensign.  Luke  Richardson  (1812)  was  first  sergeant;  Daniel 
Dunton  (1812)',  second  sergeant;  Andrew  Roulstone  (1811),  third  sergeant;  Daniel 
Wise  (1813),  fourth  sergeant;  Andrew  Sigourney  (1806),  treasurer;  Dexter  Dana 
(1798),  clerk,  and  David  W.  Bradlee  (1811),  armorer. 

The  rolls  of  the  Massachusetts  militia,  as  revised  in  November,  18 15,  contain  the 
following:  William  H.  Sumner  (1819),  aide-de-camp  to  the  governor,  with  the  rank 
of  lieutenant- colonel;  Hon.  John  Brooks  (1786),  adjutant-general,  with  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general,  and  Amasa  Davis  (1786),  quartermaster-general,  with  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general.     Division  staff  officers:    Elijah  Crane  (18 19),  major-general  of   the 

Rev.  Samuel  Cary.    Authority:  Annals  of  King's  Chapel. 


384  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,8,5 

First  Division  ;  Ebenezer  Mattoon  (181 7),  major-general  of  the  Fourth  Division;  Nehe- 
miah  Freeman  (1793),  division  inspector,  and  George  Sullivan  (1811),  judge  advocate, 
Fourth  Division.  Brigade  staff  officers:  Henry  A.  S  Dearborn  (1816),  brigadier- 
general,  First  Brigade,  First  Division;  Nathaniel  Guild  (1820),  brigadier-general, 
Second  Brigade;  Freeman  Fisher  (1821),  aide-de-camp;  Arnold  Welles  (1811),  brig- 
adier-general, Third  Brigade;  Nathaniel  Austin  (1819),  brigadier-general,  First  Brigade, 
Third  Division;  Joseph  Butterfield  (182 1),  brigade-quartermaster,  Second  Brigade; 
Salem  Towne,  Jr.  ( 182 1),  brigadier-general,  First  Brigade,  Seventh  Division;  Thomas 
H.  Blood  (1817),  brigadier-general,  Second  Brigade.  Field  officers  of  infantry:  Jona- 
than Whitney  (1793),  lieutenant-colonel  commandant,  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade, 
First  Division;  Eleazer  G.  House  (1810),  and  Benjamin  Loring  (1810),  majors;  Daniel 
Messinger  (1792),  lieutenant-colonel  commandant,  Third  Regiment;  John  Tarbell 
(1813),  major,  First  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  Third  Division;  Joshua  B.  Phipps  (1812) 
and  William  Fernald  (1811),  majors  in  the  Fifth  Regiment;  Micah  M.  Rutter  (1821), 
lieutenant-colonel  commandant,  First  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division. 

In  the  First  Regiment  (Boston  and  Chelsea)  were:  William  Ingalls  (1821),  sur- 
geon ;  Daniel  Dunton  (1812),  Thaddeus  Page  (1820),  and  Asa  Tisdale  (1814),  captains  ; 
Caleb  Hartshorn  (1820),  Nathan  Eaton  (1816),  Robert  G.  Mitchell  (181 2),  and 
Samuel  Davis  (1817),  lieutenants;  Alexander  H.  Gibbs  (1820),  Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr. 
(1816),  Joseph  Lewis  (181 1),  and  Pliny  Smith  (1816),  ensigns. 

In  the  Second  Regiment  (Boston  and  Chelsea),  besides  the  field  officers  above 
mentioned,  were:  Abner  Bourne  (1812),  adjutant;  Henry  S.  Waldo  (1812),  quarter- 
master; Samuel  W.  Kendall  (1814),  paymaster;  Michael  Roulstone  (1810),  Asa  Rich- 
ardson (1812),  George  Welles  (1807),  George  Sullivan  (1811),  Caswell  Beal  (1806), 
Samuel  B.  Ford  (1813),  John  Dodd,  Jr.  (i8io),and  Daniel  L.  Gibbens  (1810),  cap- 
tains;  Etna  Hayt  (1812),  James  Russell  (1812),  James  N.  Staples  (1816),  and  Ezekiel 
Jones  (1816),  lieutenants;  Francis  Southack  (1816),  Ira  Brown  (1816),  Simon  Gardner 
(1817),  Benjamin  T.  Pickman  (1819),  John  M.  Marston  (1814),  and  Ephraim  Whitney 
(18 1 6),  ensigns. 

In  the  Third  Regiment  (Boston  and  Chelsea),  besides  the  field  officers  above 
mentioned,  were:  Stephen  Fairbanks  (1820),  adjutant;  James  B.  Marston  (1810), 
Samuel  H.  Parker  (1820),  Benjamin  Huntington  (1814),  Philip  Curtis  (1812),  Micah 
B.  Eacon  (1816),  Joseph  Jenkins  (1817),  and  David  Francis  (1806),  captains;  Joshua 
Simonds  (181 1),  Luke  Richardson  (1812),  Benjamin  Darling  (1820),  Ephraim  Har- 
rington (1815),  David  Moody  (1812),  and  Edward  Bugbee  (1816),  lieutenants;  Chris- 
topher Gore  (1814),  John  Park  (1812),  Benjamin  Winslow  (1819),  and  Martin  Brimmer 
(1820),  ensigns. 

The  Handel  and  Haydn  Society  was  instituted  in  April,  1815,  and  was  incorporated 
by  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  Feb.  9,  18 16.  Among  the  original  members  of  this 
society  were:  Samuel  H.  Parker  (1820),  Charles  Nolen  (1797),  John  Dodd,  Jr.  (1810), 
George  Singleton,  Jr.  (1792),  Peter  Osgood  (1797),  Abner  Bourne  (1812),  Ebenezer 
Goodrich   (1815),   Isaac    Davis    (1821),  Christopher  Gore   (1814),  Jonathan    Loring, 

Jr.  (i792)- 

The  printed  list  of  the  members  of  this  society  from  1815  to  1867  contains  the 
names  of  many  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  among  them 
being:  Henry  Clay  Barnabee  (1870),  Charles  F.  Chickering  (1845),  president  of  the 
society  in  1856  and  1857;  Thomas  E.  Chickering  (1845),  president  from  1858  to  i860 


1815]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  385 

inclusive;  William  Coffin,  Jr.  (1806),  trustee  from  1817  to  1822,  and  treasurer  from 
1823  to  1835,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Abner  Bourne  (1812)  ;  Benjamin  Huntington 
(1814),  William  Jepson  (1797),  Daniel  Messinger,  Jr.  (1822),  John  G  Roberts  (1847), 
Thomas  C.  Webb  (1838),  and  very  many  others. 

The  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1815  was  Ephraim  Harrington. 

Ephraim  Harrington  (1815),  bricklayer,  of  Roxbury,  was  born  in  August,  1793. 
He  removed  to  Boston,  and  in  1820  resided  on  Pleasant  Street.  He  was  lieutenant  in 
the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia, 
in  1815,  18 1 6,  and  1817;  captain  in  the  same  from  1818  to  1821  inclusive,  and  held 
the  office  of  first  sergeant  in  the  Artillery  Company  in  1819.  He  received  the  Masonic 
degrees  in  St.  John's  Lodge,  Boston,  Aug.  28,  1821.  He  was  a  representative  of  Boston 
in  the  General  Court  in  1838.  He  died  July  24,  1854,  aged  sixty  years  and  eleven 
months. 

The  Artillery  Company  met,  pursuant  to  orders,  for  drill,  March  20  and  27,  1815. 
On  Friday,  April  7,  the  Company  paraded,  in  full  uniform,  for  inspection,  —  "the 
first  field-day  since  the  glorious  return  of  peace."     The  Company  unanimously  made 
choice  of  the  Rev.  Francis  Parkman,  of  Boston,  to  deliver  the  next  anniversary  sermon. 

April  17  and  24  the  Company  met  for  drill,  and  May  1  the  Company  paraded  at 
Faneuil  Hall,  at  three  o'clock  p.  m.,  in  uniform  complete,  under  the  command  of  Lieut. 
George  Welles  (1807),  the  commander  being  indisposed  and  absent.  They  marched  to 
the  Common  and  through  various  parts  of  the  town,  performed  a  variety  of  exercises, 
etc.,  and,  on  their  return  to  the  Hall,  were  provided  with  a  collation. 

At  a  meeting  held  May  15,  1815,  it  was  voted  "that  the  Company  adopt,  as  their 
system  of  manoeuvres  and  exercise,  after  the  1st  of  June  next  ensuing,  the  system  con- 
tained in  '  Maltby's  Elements  of  War,'  and  conform  thereto,  as  near  as  practicable,  in 
their  drill  and  exercise." 

May  22  and  29  the  Company  met  for  drill.  At  the  latter  meeting,  a  committee  was 
chosen  and  designated  as  the  committee  of  finance.  It  consisted  of  Brig.-Gen.  Arnold 
Welles  (1811),  Major  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  Andrew  Sigourney,  Esq.  (1806),  Zach- 
ariah  G.  Whitman  (1810),  and  Capt.  William  Howe  (1806). 

Monday,  June  5,  1815,  being  anniversary  day,  the  Artillery  Company  paraded  at 
Faneuil  Hall  at  nine  o'clock  a.  m.,  in  uniform  complete,  under  command  of  Lieut.  George 
Welles  (1807).  At  the  State  House,  Capt.  William  Howe  (1806)  took  command  of  the 
Company,  and  escorted  his  Excellency  and  other  guests  to  the  First  Church,  in  Chauncy 
Place,  where  the  anniversary  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Francis  Parkman,  of  Boston. 
After  service,  the  procession  returned  to  the  Hall,  where  an  elegant  entertainment  was 
provided.  At  four  o'clock,  the  Company  proceeded,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Welles 
(1807),  to  the  Common,  election  was  held,  and  the  governor  took  the  chair  of  state. 
When  the  time  arrived  to  invest  the  officers-elect,  Capt.  Howe  (1806),  who  had  remained 
n  a  carriage  in  the  vicinity,  alighted  and  took  command.  The  newly  elected  officers 
were  then  installed  into  their  respective  offices  by  his  Excellency.  Most  of  the  duties  of 
the  day  were  performed  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  George  Welles  (1807),  with  honor 
to  himself  and  the  Company ;  though  it  was  a  disappointment  that  the  health  of  Capt. 
Howe  (1806)  was  such  as  to  prevent  him  from  performing  many  of  the  duties,  depriving 
the  Company  of  the  presence  and  command  of  that  excellent  officer  and  disciplinarian. 


386  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,g,6 

After  the  duties  on  the  Common  were  completed,  the  governor  was  escorted  to  his  resi- 
dence, and  the  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall. 

Meetings  for  drill  were  frequently  held  on  account  of  a  change  in  the  tactics.  Sept.  4 
the  Company,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  John  Roulstone  (1812),  paraded,  marched 
to  the  Common,  and,  for  the  first  time  in  public,  were  exercised  in  accordance  with  the 
system  of  Gen.  Maltby.  Oct.  2  a  public  parade  was  made  by  the  Company  under  com- 
mand of  Capt.  Roulstone  (1812). 

On  the  23d  of  October,  1815,  the  American  Antiquarian  Society  having  invited 
the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  —  as  being  the  oldest  chartered  society 
in  New  England  —  to  attend  the  celebration  of  their  anniversary,  the  Company  paraded, 
without  uniform  or  arms,  and  were  conducted  by  the  commander  into  the  hall  where  the 
Antiquarian  Society  were  at  dinner,  and  "  reciprocated  their  mutual  esteem  "  by  two 
appropriate  toasts.  Whereupon  the  Company  escorted  the  government  and  members 
of  the  Antiquarian  Society  to  King's  Chapel,  in  Boston,  where  a  discourse  was  delivered 
by  their  vice-president,  William  Paine,  M.  D. 

Rev.  Francis  Parkman,  D.  D.,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon 
of  1815.  He  was  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Sarah  (Rogers)  Parkman,  and  was  born  in  Boston, 
June  4,  1788.  His  father  was  an  eminent  merchant.  Francis  was  fitted  for  college  in 
his  native  town.  He  entered  the  sophomore  class  at  Cambridge  in  1804,  and  graduated 
in  1807.  Shortly  after  leaving  college,  he  began  the  study  of  theology  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Rev.  William  E.  Charming.  He  continued  this  study  until  May,  18 10,  when  he 
embarked  for  Europe.  He  travelled  extensively,  and  returned  to  America  in  the  spring 
of  18 1 2.  A  few  months  after  Dr.  Eliot's  death,  which  occurred  in  February,  1813,  Mr. 
Parkman  was  requested  to  preach  as  a  candidate  at  the  New  North  Church,  of  which 
Dr.  Eliot  had  been' pastor.  Mr.  Parkman  consented,  and,  Dec.  8,  1813,  he  was  ordained 
to  the  Christian  ministry,  and  was  installed  over  that  church.  In  1834  he  received  the 
honorary  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Harvard  College.  Dec.  7,  1842,  Mr.  Amos  Smith  was 
associated  with  Dr.  Parkman  as  a  colleague.  Mr.  Smith. resigned  in  June,  1848,  when 
Dr.  Parkman  relinquished  the  charge  of  the  pulpit.  This  was  done  that  the  society 
might  have  perfect  liberty  in  inviting  candidates.  Mr.  Joshua  Young  was  ordained  in 
February,  1849,  as  Mr.  Smith's  successor,  at  which  time  Dr.  Parkman's  connection  with 
the  church  ceased. 

In  1844-5  he  visited  Europe,  and  remained  there  six  months.  In  the  autumn  of 
1852  Dr.  Parkman  went  to  Baltimore,  Md.,  to  attend  a  general  convention  of  delegates 
from  the  Unitarian  churches.  He  was  elected  president  of  that  body.  At  its  conclusion, 
he  returned  home,  but  very  soon  after  his  arrival  the  community  was  astounded  by  the 
tidings  of  his  sudden  death,  Nov.  12,  1852. 


8>.  The  officers  of    the  Artillery  Company  elected   in   1816  were:    Henry 

J  Q#  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816),  captain;  Benjamin  Loring  (1810),  lieutenant;  Philip 
Curtis   (1812),  ensign.     Zachariah  G.  Whitman   (1810)  was  first  sergeant; 
John  Park'(i8i2),  second  sergeant;    John  L.  Phillips  (1813),  third   sergeant;   John 
M.  Marston  (1814),  fourth  sergeant;  Andrew  Sigourney  (1806),  treasurer;  Zachariah 
G.  Whitman  (1810),  clerk,  and  Levi  Melcher  (1802),  armorer. 

Rev,  Franei?  ParktTian,  D.  D.     Authoritv;  Sprague's  Annals  of  American  Pulpit. 


1816]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  387 

On  the  25th  and  26th  of  September,  1816,  the  most  brilliant  military  exhibition  was 
given  that  had  ever  been  seen  in  Boston.  On  Thursday,  it  is  said,  the  line  "occupied 
nearly  three  sides  of  the  Common."  It  was  composed  of  cavalry,  artillery,  and  the 
three  regiments  of  infantry,  commanded  by  Cols.  Messinger  ( 1792),  Whitney  (1797), 
and  Hudson.  The  Boston  Light  Infantry,  Washington  Infantry,  Fusileers,  Winslow 
Blues,  Rangers,  and  New  England  Guards,  were  attached  to  the  regiments  as  flank 
companies.  The  whole  was  commanded  by  Brig.-Gen.  Welles  (181 1).  The  line  was 
reviewed  by  the  governor,  accompanied  by  Col.  Sumner  (1819),  Major-Gen.  Crane 
(1819),  Gen.  Dearborn  (1816),  Gen.  Mattoon  (1817)  ;  Commodore  Bainbridge,  Admiral 
Coffin,  and  Capt.  Jackson,  of  the  British  Navy ;  Gen.  Boyd,  United  States  Army,  and 
other  officers,  under  a  salute  of  seventeen  guns. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  i8i6were:  David  Andrews, 
Micah  B.  Bacon,  Ira  Brown,  Edward  Bugbee,  Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn,  Silas  Dodd,  Nathan 
Eaton,  Thomas  Hunting,  Ezekiel  Jones,  Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr.,  Pliny  Smith,  Francis 
Southack,  James  N.  Staples,  Ephraim  Whitney,  Josiah  Wilkins. 

David  Andrews  (1816),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1791.  He  removed  to 
Providence,  R.  I.,  and  was  discharged  from  the  Company  at  his  own  request,  April  10, 
18 18.  He  became  a  member  of  The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  of  Boston,  Aug.  30,  18 16. 
He  died  at  Boston  in  May,  1831,  aged  forty  years. 

Micah  B.  Bacon  (1816),  housewright,  of  Boston,  was  in  the  militia  for  several 
years,  and  held  the  grade  of  captain.  He  removed  West  prior  to  1820,  and  never  held 
any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Ira  Brown  (1816),  of  Boston,  was  a  clerk' in  the  New  England  Bank,  Spring  Street, 
Boston.  He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1812  to  1816  inclusive;  captain  in  the 
same  in  18 17  and  1818,  and  was  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1820. 
He  soon  after  removed  to  New  York. 

Edward  Bugbee  (1816),  hairdresser,  carried  on  business  at  No.  33  Orange,  now 
Washington,  Street,  Boston.  He  was  a  son  of  Edward  and  Ruth  (Blackman)  Bugbee, 
of  Roxbury.  His  father  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Society  of  the  Cincinnati. 
He  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  from  1815  to  1820  inclusive;  was  promoted  to  be  captain  in  1821,  and  was 
fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1819.  He  became  a  member  of,  St.  John's 
Lodge,  Boston,  in  1820,  and  withdrew  in  1830. 

Henry  Alexander  Scammel  Dearborn  (1816),  lawyer,  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Gen. 
Henry  and  Dorcas  (Osgood)  Dearborn,  was  born  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  March  3,  1783. 
His  father  was  in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  a  captain  in  Stark's  regiment,  and  subse- 
quently secretary  of  war,  minister  to  Portugal,  representative  in  Congress,  and  collector 
of  the  port  of  Boston.  Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816)  attended  Williamstown  Academy, 
now  Williams    College,   but  went  to   William   and   Mary   College,  Williamsburg,  Va., 

Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816).  Authori-  lies,  by  A.  B.  Muzzey;  Loring's  One  Hundred 
ties:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Boston  Orators;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg., 
Ed.  1842;    Men  of  the  Revolution  and  their  Fami-       1851;   Drake's  Memorials  of  the  Cincinnati. 


388  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1816 

entering  in  advance,  where  he  graduated  in  1803.  He  studied  with  William  Wirt  and 
Judge  Story,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  the  practice  of  law  at  Portland,  Me., 
in  1806.  He  married,  May  3,  1807,  Hannah  Swett,  daughter  of  Col.  William  R.  Lee,  of 
Salem,  Mass.  He  was  deputy-collector,  under  his  father,  of  the  port  of  Boston  in  181 1, 
and  was  appointed  collector  by  President  Madison  in  1813,  as  the  successor  of  his 
father.  He  held  this  office  until  -1830.  He  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  in  1820;  State  representative  for  Roxbury  in  1830  ;  State  senator  in  i83r  ; 
representative  in  Congress  from  1831  to  1833  ;  adjutant-general  of  Massachusetts  from 
1833  to  1843,  and  mayor  of  the  new-born  city  of  Roxbury  in  1847,  a  position  which 
he  held  until  his  decease.  He  delivered  an  oration  before  the  Bunker  Hill  Association, 
July  4,  181 1.  He  became  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Society  of  the  Cincinnati  in 
1832,  and  was  president  of  the  General  Society  from  1848  to  185 1.  He  was  brigadier- 
general  of  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1814, 
captain  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 16,  and  commanded  the  troops  in  Boston  Harbor 
in  1812. 

The  origin  of  Rural  Cemetery,  at  Mount  Auburn,  may  be  traced  to  the  Massachu- 
setts Horticultural  Society,  whose  anniversary  address  Gen.  Dearborn  (1816)  delivered 
in  1828,  and  of  which  he  was  president  in  1831,  and  chairman  of  the  committee  having 
the  project  in  charge.  The  cemetery  was  consecrated  Sept.  24,  1831.  He  was  also  the 
originator  of  Forest  Hills  Cemetery,  which  was  consecrated  June  28,  1848.  He  was 
active  in  originating  and  establishing  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument  Association,  and  in 
completing  the  Hoosac  Tunnel.  He  wrote  several  books  :  "  Commerce  and  Navigation 
of  the  Black  Sea,"  in  1819;  "Letters  on  the  Internal  Improvement  and  Commerce  of 
the  West,"  in  1839,  and  the  "  Life  of  Rev.  John  Eliot."  He  left  unpublished  a  "  History 
of  the  Battle  on  Bunker  Hill,"  a  diary  in  forty-five  volumes,  "  Grecian  Architecture," 
and  other  works.  He  was  a  marvellous  worker,  the  author  of  many  valuable  vol- 
umes, a  member  of  various  historical  and  scientific  societies,  —  a  useful,  sagacious,  and 
generous  man. 

He  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  July  29,  185 1,  and  was  buried  at  Forest  Hills,  amid 
"  the  flowers  of  his  own  planting." 

Silas  Dodd  (1816),  merchant,  of  Boston,  brother  of  John,  Jr.  (1810),  and  Benjamin 
(1817),  was  a  son  of  John  and  Hannah  Dodd,  and  was  born  at  Holden,  April  4,  1792. 
He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1816  and  1817,  and  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1818 
and  1819.  He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  died  at  New  Orleans, 
La.,  May  28,  1821. 

Nathan  Eaton  (1816),  cordwainer,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  Reading  in  1782.  He 
was  in  partnership  in  1820  with  Shepard  Simonds,  and  kept  a  shoe  store  at  No.  15  Ann 
Street.  He  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1813  to  1815,  and  was  captain  in  the  same  in 
1818.     He  died  Aug.  31,  1828,  aged  forty-six  years. 

Thomas  Hunting  (18 16),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Mary  Hunting, 
of  Belchertown,  was  born  in  that  town  Sept.  25,  1789.  He  kept  a  West  India  goods 
store  at  No.   135  Orange,  now  Washington,  Street.     He  was  lieutenant  in  the  Third 


,8i6]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  389 

Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1816 
to  1818;  captain  in  the  same  from  1819  to  1821  ;  major  in  1822,  and  colonel  from 
1823  to  1825.  He  was  also  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1819,  adjutant 
in  1823,  captain  in  1827,  and  was  treasurer  of  the  Company  from  1841  to  1845.  For 
many  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  finance  committee,  to  whose  hands  were  intrusted 
the  financial  interests  of  the  Company.  He  was  a  member  of  the  common  council  of  the 
city  of  Boston  three  years,  1833-5  ;  an  alderman  six  years,  1836-41,  and  a  representa- 
tive to  the  General  Court  from  1834  to  1841.  "  He  was  of  modest  manners,  amiable 
temper,  industrious  habits,  and  was  rarely  known  to  make  a  mistake  in  military  affairs." 

Ezekiel  Jones  (1816),  watch-maker,  of  Boston,  carried  on  business  at  the  corner  of 
Cornhill  (Washington  Street)  and  Court  Street.  He  was  lieutenant  in  the  Second  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1815  to  1817, 
and  served  in  the  same  as  captain  from  1818  to  1821.  He  never  held  office  in 
the  Artillery  Company.     He  died  in  Boston,  July  14,  1826,  aged  thirty-eight  years. 

Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr.  (1816),  innkeeper,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Nathaniel,  who 
kept  a  coffee-house  at  No.  17  Federal  Street.  The  tavern  kept  by  Nathaniel,  Jr.  (1816), 
was  No.  8  on  the  south  side  of  the  market.  He  was  ensign  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third 
Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  18 13  to  1815  ;  captain  in 
the  same  in  1816  and  181 7  ;  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1818,  and  lieu- 
tenant in  1822. 

He  moved  to  Hingham,  with  his  wife  Mary,  prior  to  1830,  where  she  died,  Aug.  4, 
1865,  aged  seventy-eight  years.  He  was  for  several  years  president  of  the  Hingham 
Bank,  and  resided  on  Main  Street,  near  the  old  meeting-house.  He  died  Nov.  9,  1864, 
aged  eighty  years. 

Pliny  Smith  (1816),  butcher,  of  Boston,  resided  at  No.  41  Myrtle  Street.  He  was 
ensign  of  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  in  181 5,  and  lieutenant  in  the  same  in  18 16. 

Francis  Southack  (1816),  baker,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Francis  and  Sarah 
Southack,  of  Boston,  and  resided  on  Temple  Street.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Second 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1815  to 
1817  inclusive  ;  captain  in  the  same  from  1818  to  1821  inclusive,  and  lieutenant-colonel 
in  1822  and  1823  ;  also  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1818.  He  died 
in  Boston  about  1835. 

James  N.  Staples  (1816),  wine  merchant,  of  Boston,  resided,  in  1820,  in  Gridley's 
Lane,  now  Gridley  Street.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade, 
First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1812  to  1814;  lieutenant  in  the 
same  in  1815  and  1816,  and  captain  from  1818  to  1820.  He  was  also  clerk  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1818  and  1819,  first  sergeant  in  1820,  and  lieutenant  in  1823. 
He  was  for  several  years  a  very  useful  member  of  the  finance  committee. 

Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr.  (1816).    Author-  Francis  Southack   (1816).     Authorities: 

ity:   Lincoln's  Hist,  of  Hingham.  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842; 

Mass.  Military  Rolls. 


39°  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1816 


Ephraim  Whitney  (1816),  truckman,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Silas,  Jr.  (1810),  and 
John  (1810),  and  son  of  Silas,  was  born  in  1787.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Second  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  18 15,  lieutenant 
in  1816,  and  captain  from  1817  to  1820  inclusive.  He  was  also  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1820.     He  died  April  23,  182 1,  aged  thirty-four  years. 

Josiah  Wilkins  (1816),  trader,  of  Boston,  lived  on  Nassau  Street.  He  was  lieu- 
tenant of  a  company  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts 
Volunteer  Militia,  from  1816  to  1818,  and  captain  in  the  same  from  1819  to  1821.  He 
was  also  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 18.  He  became  a  member  of 
The  Massachusetts  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Boston,  Nov.  29,  1816.  He  removed 
to  Mobile,  Ala.,  and  held  the  office  of  alderman  in  that  city. 

The  Artillery  Company  met  for  business  Jan.  23,  1816.  A  committee  duly 
appointed  made  the  following  report:  "That,  considering  the  large  sum  of  money 
which  was  taken  a  few  years  since  from  the  productive  funds  of  the  Company  and 
vested  in  unproductive  property,  viz.,  a  stand  of  arms,  accoutrements,  camp  utensils, 
and  articles  preparatory  to  active  duty;  and  considering  that  the  remaining  funds  of 
the  Company  greatly  depreciated  in  value  in  consequence  of  the  late  war  and  the 
variety  of  circumstances  in  which  the  affairs  of  the  Company  have  become  embarrassed  j 
and,  also,  from  other  sections  of  the  country  petitions  to  the  honorable  Legislature  in 
their  present  session  are  constantly  presented  for  remuneration  of  expenses  incurred 
in  the  general  defence  of  our  country,  or  losses  and  depreciation  sustained  by  the 
citizens;  most  of  which  your  committee  conceive  are  not  more  meritorious  than  volun- 
tarily appropriating  between  two  and  three  thousand  dollars  of  our  productive  stock  in 
the  purchase  of  the  contents  of  our  arms  for  the  general  defence.  Your  committee 
think  it  practicable  to  petition  the  honorable  Legislature  for  that  patronage,  assistance 
or  remuneration  which  they  have  frequently  and  freely  bestowed  on  us  before,  and  that 
the  present  is  a  favorable  moment  to  ask  of  them  some  aid  whereby  our  funds  may 
again  be  placed  in  an  eligible  situation,"  etc.  The  report  was  accepted,  a  petition  was 
prepared  and  presented  to  the  Legislature,  and  the  matter  given  in  charge  of  the  finance 
committee.  The  petition  was  not  granted  by  the  Legislature.  The  Company  imme- 
diately raised  by  subscription  six  hundred  dollars,  which,  with  the  one  hundred  dollars 
donated  to  the  Company  by  Lieut.-Gov.  Phillips,  freed  it  from  all  embarrassment. 
Since  that  time  a  committee  of  finance,  annually  elected  by  ballot,  has  had  direction 
of  the  general  finances  of  the  Company. 

Friday,  April  5,  1816,  the  Company  paraded,  in  complete  uniform,  at  Faneuil  Hall, 
and  performed  the  usual  exercises  of  the  April  field-day.  Rev.  Paul  Dean,  of  Boston,  was 
chosen  to  deliver  the  anniversary  sermon  in  June  next  following.  Monday  evenings  in 
April  the  Company  met  for  drill. 

Monday,  May  6,  1816,  the  Company  paraded  under  their  commander,  Capt.  John 
Roulstone  (1812),  marched  to  the  Common,  and  thence,  after  drill,  through  several 
principal  streets  to  Charlestown  Square,  where  a  variety  of  manoeuvres  were  performed. 
On  their  return  to  Boston,  they  proceeded  to  the  home  of  Lieut.  Robert  Fennelly 
(1806),  where  they  were  entertained.  A  collation  at  the  Hall  completed  the  duty  of 
the  day. 

Monday,  June  3,  1816,  being  the  anniversary  for  the  election  of  officers,  the  Com- 


1816]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  391 

pany  assembled,  under  command  of  Capt.  John  Roulstone  (1812),  proceeded  to  the 
State  House  and  received  his  Excellency  John  Brooks  (1786),  the  governor  and  com- 
mander-in-chief, with  other  guests,  and  escorted  them  to  the  First  Church,  in  Chauncy 
Place,  where  the  anniversary  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Paul  Dean.  Dinner  was 
served  in  Faneuil  Hall ;  election  was  held  on  the  Common,  and  the  newly  elected  officers 
commissioned.  "  During  the  whole  duties  of  the  day  the  Company  felt  a  peculiar  degree 
of  pride  and  pleasure  in  having  one  of  its  oldest  members,  and  one  who  had  twice 
commanded  the  Company,  presiding  in  the  ceremonies  of  the  day  as  chief  magistrate  of 
the  Commonwealth." 

At  the  dinner,  the  fifth  toast  was  :  "  Our  beloved  chief  magistrate.  For  a  long  life 
of  public  services,  he  has  our  gratitude  ;  for  a  yet  longer  life  of  private  enjoyment,  he 
has  our  prayers."  (Nine  cheers  and  the  Massachusetts  March.)  His  Excellency  the 
governor  gave  this  toast :  "  The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  :  a  venerable 
monument  of  the  customs  and  manners  of  the  year  1638." 

The  Company  held  several  meetings  for  business  during  the  summer  of  1816. 

Monday,  Sept.  2,  the  Company  paraded  under  the  command  of  Major  Benjamin 
Loring  (1810),  their  lieutenant,  Brig.-Gen.  H.  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816),  their  captain, 
being  absent  on  a  journey.  Also,  the  Company  paraded  Oct.  7,  under  command  of  Gen. 
Dearborn  (1816).  The  total  number  in  uniform  was  fifty-three.  The  Company  having 
finished  the  tour  of  duty  for  the  year,  was  dismissed. 

Rev.  Paul  Dean,  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of  1816.  He 
was  born  in  Barnard,  Windsor  County,  Vt.,  March  28,  1783.  He  spent  his  youth  on  a 
farm,  meantime  attending  school,  and  afterward  teaching.  In  1806  he  began  preaching 
in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  and  in  1810  removed  to  New  Hartford,  N.  Y.  In  October,  1813, 
he  came  to  Boston,  and  settled  as  pastor  of  the  First  Universalist  Church,  on  Hanover 
Street,  founded  by  Rev.  John  Murray.     He  held  this  relation  until  April  6,  1823. 

Meantime  the  Second  Society  of  Universalists  was  founded,  and  a  meeting-house 
erected  in  School  Street,  nearly  opposite  the  City  Hall.  Rev.  Hosea  Ballou  was  invited 
to  be  its  pastor.  He  accepted,  and  was  installed  Dec.  25,  1817,  Rev.  Paul  Dean 
preaching  the  sermon  and  extending  the  right  hand  of  fellowship.  In  a  few  years  the 
opposition  of  Mr.  Dean  to  the  views  of  Mr.  Ballou  became  open,  avowed,  and  strong; 
but  the  First  Church  sympathized  with  Mr.  Ballou,  whereupon  the  former  resigned  his 
relation  with  that  church,  and,  being  followed  by  some  of  his  old  parishioners,  founded 
the  Third  Universalist  Church,  located  in  Bulfinch  Street,  May  7,  1823. 

Mr.  Dean  very  soon  after  was  dismissed  from  fellowship  with  the  Universalist  body, 
at  his  own  request.  He  continued,  however,  for  seventeen  years,  to  preach  at  the 
Bulfinch  Street  Church,  when  Rev.  Frederick  T.  Gray  became  its  pastor,  and  the  church 
ceased  to  be  Universalist.  Not  long  after,  he  moved  to  Framingham,  Mass.,  where  he 
died,  Oct.  18,  i860. 

He  was  very  prominent  in  the  Masonic  fraternity,  and  held  many  positions  of  honor 
and  influence  in  that  order.  He  was  the  first  minister  of  the  Universalist  denomination 
to  preach  before  the  Artillery  Company  on  anniversary  day. 

Rev.  Paul  Dean.     Authority  :  Proceedings  of  Grand  Lodge  of  Mass.,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  1873. 


392  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [^17 


8  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  181 7  were  :   Ebenezer 

J  7    Mattoon  (1817),  captain  ;  John  Dodd,  Jr.  (1810),  lieutenant ;  Daniel  Dunton 
•       (181 2),  ensign.     Christopher  Gore  (1814)  was  first  sergeant;  James  Russell 
(1812),  second  sergeant;  Levi  Bartlett  (1814),  third  sergeant;  Benjamin  Huntington 
(1814),  fourth    sergeant;    Andrew   Sigourney   (1806),    treasurer;    Zachariah    G.  Whit- 
man (1810),  clerk,  and  Levi  Melcher  (1802),  armorer. 

The  officers  of  the  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia, 
gave  a  dinner  to  Gen.  Arnold  Welles  (1811)  on  Thursday,  Oct.  23,  1817,  at  the  Exchange 
Coffee-House,  on  his  retirement  from  military  service.  The  governor,  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor, adjutant-general,  and  other  guests,  were  present.  Previous  to  sitting  down  to 
dinner,  the  officers  of  the  brigade  being  drawn  up  on  both  sides  of  the  hall  agreeably 
to  rank,  Gen.  Welles  (1811),  accompanied  by  Major  Sargent,  was  announced  by  Acting 
Brigade-Major  Fairbanks.  He  was  received  by  Col.  Messinger  (1792),  senior  officer 
of  the  brigade,  who  informed  the  general  that  an  address  had  been  prepared  expressive 
of  their  feelings  on  his  retirement  from  office.  The  address  was  then  presented  by  the 
committee,  after  having  been  read  aloud  by  the  chairman.  On  receiving  the  address 
Gen.  Welles  (181 1)  made  an  appropriate  reply.  An  elaborate  dinner  was  then  served, 
after  which  patriotic  toasts  were  offered  and  speeches  were  made,  interspersed  with 
songs.  At  the  conclusion,  Gen.  Welles  (1811)  took  a  formal  and  affectionate  leave  of 
every  officer  present. 

The  address1  was  signed  by  Cols.  Daniel  Messinger  (1792)  and  Jonathan  Whitney 
(1797),  Capt.  Daniel  L.  Gibbens  (1S10),  Capt.  Winslow  Lewis  (1821),  Ensign  Martin 
Brimmer  (1820),  and  six  other  officers  of  the  brigade,  who  constituted  the  committee. 

"  A  little  after  eleven  o'clock  yesterday  morning  two  casks  of  powder  exploded  in 
the  after  part  of  the  fine  ship  '  Canton  Packet,'  Capt.  Proctor,  which  was  lying  at  a  little 
distance  from  the  end  of  Long  Wharf  at  anchor,  nearly  ready  to  sail  on  a  voyage  to  the 
Isle  of  France  and  Canton.  A  number  of  men  immediately  went  to  assist  in  saving 
the  property  and  extinguishing  the  flames,  from  the  United  States  ship  '  Independence  ' 
and  from  the  wharf.  They  cut  her  cable  and  towed  her  on  the  flats  north  of  Long 
Wharf,  where  she  grounded,  the  fire  in  the  meantime  having  been  extinguished.  Con- 
siderable damage  was  done  to  the  hull,  but  we  are  happy  to  learn  that  one  person  only 
was  killed. 

"We  are  informed  that  the  steward,  who  was  the  cause  of  the  mischief,  had 
demanded  leave  to  go  on  shore,  and  being  refused  he  went  below,  and  that  simul- 
taneously with  the  explosion  of  the  powder  the  report  of  a  pistol  was  heard.  We  are 
therefore  led  to  presume  that  he  perpetrated  this  act  from  motives  of  revenge,  for  which 
he  foolishly  sacrificed  his  life. 

"The  ship  is  between  three  and  four  hundred  tons  burden,  and  owned  by  Messrs. 
J.  and  T.  H.  Perkins,  of  this  town  She  had  on  board  about  four  hundred  thousand 
dollars  in  specie,  all  of  which  is  saved."  2 

"  The  old  election  day  was  a  holiday  for  the  negroes  in  Boston,  who  were  allowed 
to  have  the  unmolested  use  of  the  Common,  with  an  equality  of  rights  and  privileges 
with  the  white  people.  Dr.  Shurtleff,  in  some  remarks  on  the  subject  before  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society,  said  that  many  would  remember  vividly  the  transactions  and 
enjoyments  of  that  gala  day,  when  those  of   all  ages,  complexions,  and  tongues  gave 

1  Vide  Columbian  Centinel,  Oct.  25,  1817,  in  which  the  address  and  the  reply  are  given  in  full. 

2  Boston  Newspaper. 


- ,. , 


*~ 


J}<7?7ez^^- 


0—77-70 


1817]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  393 

themselves  most  freely  and  unrestrictedly  to  their  will  and  inclination.  On  the  first 
Monday  in  June,  Artillery  election  day,  the  colored  people  were  proscribed,  and  were 
not  allowed  by  the  whites  to  appear  on  the  Common,  but  were  hooted,  and  driven  from 
it  with  reproaches,  insult,  and  force.  It  was  on  '  Artillery  election  day,'  in  the  year 
1817,  that  the  great  calamity  occurred  in  Boston  Harbor,  when  the  negro  boy,  William 
Read,  'blew  up  the  ship'  called  the  'Canton  Packet,'  owned- by  the  Messrs.  Perkins. 
The  boy  had  been  allowed  to  go  on  shore  on  general  election  day,  but  was  not  permitted 
to  leave  the  vessel  on  Artillery  election  day.  The  old  taunt,  which  was  thrown  to  every 
negro  on  this  day,  is  fresh  in  the  memory  of  persons  who  have  lived  half  a  century : 
'Who  blew  up  the  ship?  Nigger.  Why  for?  Because  he  could  not  go  to  'lection  and 
shake  paw-paw.'  The  game  of  paw-paw,  or  props,  was  played  with  four  small  shells, 
known  to  naturalists  as  the  Cyprma  tnoneta,  and  was  one  of  the  games  much  practised 
by  the  boys  of  Boston." 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  181 7  were  :  Thomas  H.  Blood, 
Cornelius  Briggs,  Nathaniel  Bryant,  John  Conant,  Andrew  Cunningham,  Alfred  Curtis, 
Samuel  Davis,  Benjamin  Dodd,  Simon  Gardner,  Lusher  Gay,  Charles  W.  Gayetty,  Joseph 
Jenkins,  Ebenezer  Mattoon,  James  Monroe,  William  Palmer,  Francis  Wyman. 

Thomas  H.  Blood  (1817)  was  a  hatter,  of  Sterling.  After  several  years'  service  in 
the  militia,  he  became,  in  1808,  major  of  the  First  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Seventh 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  served  four  years.  He  held  the  position 
of  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  in  1812  and  1813,  and  was  brigadier-general  of  that 
brigade  from  1814  to  1816  inclusive.  In  January,  1837,  the  Baptist  church  in  Sterling 
was  constituted  at  his  house.  He  died  at  Worcester,  May  15,  1848,  aged  seventy- 
three  years. 

Cornelius  Briggs  (1817),  carver  and  cabinet-maker,  of  Boston  and  Roxbury, 
resided  at  No.  2  Temple  Street. 

Nathaniel  Bryant  (1817),  cabinet-maker,  in  1820  occupied  a  shop  in  West  Row, 
Court  Street,  Boston. 

John  Conant  (1817),  trader,  of  Boston,  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Second 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1817,  1818, 
and  1819.     He  died  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  in  September,  1822. 

Andrew  Cunningham  (1817),  son  of  Major  James  Cunningham  (1761),  joined  the 
Artillery  Company,  Aug.  4,  1786.  He  is  not  recorded  as  a  member  of  the  Company  in 
the  return  of  181 2.  The  record  does  not  give  the  date  when  his  membership  ceased. 
July  14,  1817,  Major  James  Phillips  (1790)  proposed  Major  Andrew  Cunningham, 
"formerly  a  member,"  and  captain  of  the  Company  in  1793,  to  be  an  honorary  member. 
He  was,  therefore,  restored  to  the  roll  Aug.  18,  18 17,  as  an  honorary  member.  See 
page  202. 

Alfred  Curtis  (1817),  merchant,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Philip  Curtis  (1812),  was 
born  in  Sharon,  Mass.  He  was  senior  partner,  in  1820,  in  the  firm  of  Curtis  &  Bailey, 
dealers  in  West  India  goods,  at  No.  9  Rowe's  Wharf. 


394  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,g,7 

Mr.  Curtis  (1817)  was  quartermaster  of  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1818  and  1819,  and  was  adjutant  of  the 
same,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant,  from  1819  to  1822  inclusive.  He  removed  to  New 
York,  and  was  discharged  from  the  Company  Jan.  19,  1827. 

Samuel  Davis  (1817),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  of  the  firm  of  Samuel  Davis  &  Co., 
dealers  in  domestic  goods,  at  No.  3  Cornhill  Square.  Thomas  J.  Lobdell  (1821)  was 
Mr.  Davis's  (181 7)  partner. 

Mr.  Davis  (18 17)  was  ensign  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1813  and  1814;  lieutenant  in  the  same  in  1815  and 
1 816,  and  captain  from  181 7  to  1820  inclusive.  He  was  discharged  from  the  Artillery 
Company,  at  his  own  request,  March  24,  1823. 

Benjamin  Dodd  (1817),  merchant,  of  Boston,  brother  of  Silas  (181 6)  and  of  John 
(1810),  and  son  of  John  and  Hannah  Dodd,  was  born  at  Holden,  Feb.  16,  1796.  He 
married,  Dec.  18,  1817,  Maria  Faxon.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third 
Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  18 1 6  to  18 18  inclusive, 
and  lieutenant  in  the  same  from  1819  to  1821  inclusive.  He  died  abroad,  March 
28,  1821. 

Simon  Gardner  (1817),  printer,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  1790.  He  married,  but 
had  no  children.  In  his  early  boyhood  he  was  employed  as  errand-boy,  carrier,  appren- 
tice, and  clerk,  in  the  office  of  Russell  (1795)  &  Cutler,  publishers  of  the  Boston  Com- 
mercial Gazette.  After  the  death  of  Mr.  Cutler  he  purchased  a  right  in  the  firm,  and 
subsequently,  by  the  removal  of  Mr.  Russell  (1795)  to  Maine,  Mr.  Gardner  (1817) 
became  sole  proprietor  of  that  paper.  To  that  he  gave  his  time  and  strength.  He 
died  of  brain  fever,  April  15,  1824,  aged  thirty-four  years.1 

Mr.  Gardner  (18 17)  was  ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1815  and  1816,  and  lieutenant  in  1817. 

Lusher  Gay  (1817)  united  with  the  Artillery  Company  in  1814,  and  in  1815  was 
honorably  discharged.  Oct.  6,  1817,  "  Lieut.-Col.  Lusher  Gay  [1817]  was  balloted  for, 
and  unanimously  readmitted  a  member."  He  was  honorably  discharged  April  19,  1824. 
See  page  376. 

Charles  W.  Gayetty  (1817),  son  of  Peter  and  Huldah  Gayetty,  was  born  in  Boston, 
Oct.  31,  1795.  In  1817  he  held  the  position  of  lieutenant  in  a  company  belonging  to 
the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia. 

Joseph  Jenkins  (1817),  housewright,  of  Boston,  joined  the  Artillery  Company, 
Aug.  6,  1810.  He  was  honorably  discharged  in  1813.  He  rejoined  the  Company,  June 
30,  1817,  and  was  honorably  discharged  Sept.  4,  1826.    See  page  347. 

Simon  Gardner  (:817V     Authorities:  An-  that  extensive  printing  establishment — honest,  hon- 

nals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association;   Whitman's  orable,  mild,  and  obliging,  it  was  his  happiness  to 

Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842.  secure  many  friends,  who  will  remember  him  with 

1  "Simon  Gardner  [1817]  died  April  15,  1824,  affection.     Free   and   generous  by   nature,  in   him 

publisher  of  the  Boston  Commercial  Gazette,  aged  many  of  his  poor  and  needy  fellow-mortals  have  to 

34.     Ever  active,  industrious,  and  enterprising,  Mr.  lament  the   loss  of  a  kind  friend  and  a  generous 

Gardner   [1817]  gradually  rose  from  the  station  of  patron."  —  Daily  Advertiser. 
an  apprentice  to  be  the  sole  owner  and  director  of 


l8l7]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  395 

Ebenezer  Mattoon  (1817),  yeoman,  of  Amherst,  son  of  Ebenezer  Mattoon,  of  East 
Hadley,  and  grandson  of  Eleazer,  of  Northfield,  was  born  at  Amherst,  Aug.  19,  1755. 
His  ancestors  came  from  Scotland  in  1662.  His  grandfather,  one  of  the  first  settlers 
of  Amherst,  moved  there  in  1734.  Ebenezer,  the  father  of  Gen.  Mattoon  (i8i7),was 
a  farmer  in  Amherst,  and  died  in  1806,  aged  eighty-seven.  Ebenezer  (181 7)  attended 
the  schools  of  his  town,  entered  Dartmouth  College,  but  prior  to  his  graduation  in  1776, 
the  country  being  in  alarm,  and  a  heavy  loss  having  been  sustained  by  the  defeat  and 
death  of  Gen.  Montgomery,  he,  with  three  of  his  classmates,  volunteered  their  services, 
and,  having  obtained  the  consent  of  the  faculty,  joined  the  army  in  Canada.  Although 
the  army  was  in  a  broken  situation,  yet  he  connected  himself  with  a  regiment  of  New 
Hampshire  troops  enlisted  for  one  year.  Col.  Budle  and  his  adjutant  having  been 
placed  under  arrest  for  misconduct,  the  command  devolved  upon  Lieut. -Col.  Wait,  who 
appointed  Mr.  Mattoon  (1817)  his  adjutant,  which  office  he  held  until  the  army  retreated 
to  Ticonderoga.  At  that  time  the  regiment,  originally  four  hundred  and  fifty  men,  was 
so  reduced  by  action,  fatigue,  and  capture,  as  not  to  contain  more  than  one  hundred 
and  twenty,  including  officers.  Personally  incapacitated  by  the  small-pox,  the  camp- 
disease,  and  toils  of  a  soldier's  life,  he  obtained  a  furlough,  and  returned  to  Amherst. 
His  ill  state  of  health  did  not  permit  him  again  to  join  his  regiment.  Partially  recov- 
ering, he  was  chosen,  in  1777,  a  lieutenant  of  militia  in  his  own  town,  and  was  imme- 
diately ordered  to  Ticonderoga.  He  was  in  St.  Clair's  retreat  from  that  place  in  July, 
1777.  In  August  following  he  was  detached  by  Gen.  Lincoln  (1786)  in  a  company  of 
artillery,  commanded  by  Capt.  Furnival,  in  the  Continental  line,  the  militia  being  fearful 
of  entering  the  service  under  Continental  officers.  After  some  difficulty  Lieut.  Mattoon 
(181 7)  succeeded  in  enlisting  forty-eight  men,  who  joined  the  company  with  him  under 
Capt.  Furnival.  They  were  in  the  fight  at  Bemis's  Heights,  Oct.  7.  At  the  close  of 
the  campaign,  in  January  following,  Lieut.  Mattoon  (181 7)  returned  once  more  to  his 
father's  house.  The  next  spring  he  was  detached  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  militia,  and 
joined  Col.  Wade's  regiment  at  Rhode  Island,  and  was  in  the  action  there  and  in  the 
retreat.     At  the  close  of  the  .year  1778  he  left  the  service. 

He  joined  the  local  militia  near  the  close  of  the  war ;  was  promoted  to  captain  in 
1785,  became  major,  and,  in  1787,  colonel  of  a  regiment  in  the  First  Brigade,  Fourth 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia.  In  1793  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
of  that  brigade,  and,  in  1798,  major-general  of  that  division.  He  held  the  latter  office 
for  nineteen  years,  when,  in  1816,  he  resigned,  and  was  appointed  by  Gov.  Brooks  (1786) 
as  his  successor  in  the  office  of  adjutant-general.  The  next  year  (181 7)  he  was  chosen 
captain  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company.  On  the  anniversary,  June  3, 
1818,  when  he  was  to  have  returned  the  badge  of  his  office,  he  was  prevented  by  a 
"  distressing  indisposition."  The  esponton  of  the  captain  was  returned  to  his  Excel- 
lency by  Gen.  Winslow  (1786),  a  past  commander.  Gen.  Mattoon  (1817)  was  heard  to 
observe  on  the  election  day  from  whose  ceremonies  he  was  detained,  that  "it  was  one 
of  the  most  melancholy  days  he  had  ever  been  called  to  spend,  as  he  had  calculated  with 
no  small  degree  of  pride  on  that  day." 

Gen.  Mattoon  (181 7)  was  a  scientific  and  practical  farmer;  a  man  of  quick  dis- 
cernment, discriminating  judgment,  and  independent  frankness.  When  invited  to  join 
the  corps,  he  replied,  that  "  although  an  old  man,  he  should  be  proud  to  shoulder  his 

Ebenezer  Mattoon  (1817).     Authority:  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


396  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND 


[1817 


gun  again  in  the  ranks  of  the  Company."  He  entered  with  his  peculiar  zeal  into  the 
interests  of  the  Company,  and  to  his  personal  exertions,  in  a  great  degree,  may  be 
attributed  the  re-introduction  of  field-pieces. 

In  1792,  1796,  1820,  and  1832,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  College  of 
Electors  of  President;  was  senator  in  1795  and  1796,  and  sheriff  of  Hampshire  County 
for  twenty  years ;  also,  a  representative  in  the  Sixth  and  Seventh  Congresses  of  the 
United  States. 

In  November,  1817,  he  was  seized  with  violent  ophthalmia,  which  terminated  in  the 
loss  of  his  sight.  On  the  following  June  he  bade  farewell  to  all  public  employment. 
When  the  convention  was  called,  in  1820,  to  revise  the  Constitution  of  Massachusetts,  he 
was  induced  to  take  his  seat  as  a  member  of  that  body,  to  deliberate  and  act  in  that 
assembly,  composed  of  the  ablest  jurists,  the  profoundest  politicians,  and  the  most  tried 
patriots. 

Gen.  Mattoon  (181 7)  died  Sept.  n,  1843,  aged  eighty-eight  years. 

James  Monroe  (1817),  fifth  President  of  the  United  States,  visited  Boston  in  1817. 
He  was  received  with  great  enthusiasm,  and  was  escorted  to  his  lodgings  at  the 
Exchange  Coffee-House  by  a  military  and  civic  procession. 

Monday  evening,  June  30,  1817,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,  "his  Excellency  James  Monroe,  Esq.,  President  of  the  United 
States,  was  proposed  as  an  honorary  member  ;  whereupon,  voted  that  the  by-laws  be 
so  far  dispensed  with  as  to  ballot  for  him  at  this  meeting."  The  ballot  being  taken, 
he  was  unanimously  admitted.  "  His  Excellency  John  Brooks,  Esq.  [1786],  governor  of 
the  Commonwealth ;  Gen.  Ebenezer  Mattoon,  Esq.  [1817],  adjutant-general;  Gen. 
Amasa  Davis,  Esq.  [1786],  quartermaster-general;  Brig.-Gen.  Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn, 
Esq.  [1816],  of  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  and  Brig.-Gen.  John  Winslow,  Esq. 
[1786],"  were  appointed  a  committee  to  wait  upon  his  Excellency  James  Monroe,  Esq., 
and  inform  him  of  his  admission  as  an  honorary  member  of  the  Company. 

President  James  Monroe  (1817)  was  born  in  Virginia,  April  28,  1758,  and  died  in 
New  York,  July  4,  1831.  He  was  educated  at  William  and  Mary  College,  which  he  left 
in  1776  to  join  the  army  of  the  Revolution.  He  became  aide-de-camp  to  Lord  Sterling, 
served  in  the  campaigns  of  1777  and  1778,  and  distinguished  himself  in  the  battles  of 
Brandywine,  Germantown,  and  Monmouth  He  afterward  studied  law  under  Thomas 
Jefferson.  In  1782  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  assembly  of  Virginia,  and  in  1783 
a  delegate  to  Congress.  In  1790  he  was  elected  a  United  States  senator  from  Virginia. 
He  was  governor  of  Virginia  from  1799  t0  1802,  and  at  the  close  of  the  last  term  was 
appointed  envoy  extraordinary  to  the  French  government.  Within  a  fortnight  after  his 
arrival  in  Paris,  he  and  Mr.  Livingston  secured,  for  fifteen  million  dollars,  "  the  territory 
of  Orleans."  In  18 17  he  was  inaugurated  President  of  the  United  States,  and  was 
re-elected  in  1820.  During  his  second  term  the  so-called  "  Monroe  Doctrine  "  was  pub- 
licly declared.     Bodily  infirmity  and  pecuniary  embarrassments  burdened  his  last  days. 

He  died  at  the  residence  of  his  son,  in  New  York  City,  in  1831,  and  in  1858  his 
remains  were  removed  with  great  pomp  to  Richmond,  Va.,  and  re-interred  July  5,  in 
the  Hollywood  Cemetery. 

James  Monroe  (1817).  Authorities:  Appleton's  Cyclopaedia;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen. 
Reg.,  1 861. 


,g,7]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  397 

William  Palmer  (1817),  merchant,  of  Boston,  died  of  yellow  fever  at  New 
Orleans,  La. 

Francis  Wyman  (18 17),  trader,  of  Cambridge,  son  of  Nehemiah  and  Susannah 
(Stearns)  Wyman,  was  born  April  27,  1790.  He  married  Susan  Tackson  (published 
Jan.  18,  1818),  who  died  July  3,  1843,  aged  forty-four  years.     He  died  July  18",  1822. 

He  was  a  clerk  in  the  navy  yard,  and  had  custom-house  protection  to  go  abroad, 
Dec.  10,  1807.  Col.  Nehemiah  Wyman  (1820)  was  a  brother  of  Capt.  Francis  Wyman 
(1817).     The  latter  served  several  years  in  the  militia,  and  attained  the  grade  of  captain. 

Meetings  of  the  Company  for  exercise  were  held  March  24  arid  31,  181 7. 

The  first  Monday  in  April  being  the  day  appointed  by  the  constitution  of  the  State 
for  the  choice  of  governor  and  senators,  etc.,  the  Artillery  Company  paraded  on  Friday, 
April  n,  agreeably  to  the  provisions  of  their  charter.  Major  Benjamin  Loring  (18m) 
was  in  command,  Gen.  Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816),  the  commander,  being  indisposed. 
Rev.  Daniel  C.  Sanders,  D.  D.,  of  Medfield,  was  elected  to  preach  the  anniversary 
sermon  on  the  first  Monday  of  the  next  June.  During  the  April  parade  the  Company 
marched  through  the  principal  streets  to  Charlestown  Square,  where  they  performed 
several  manoeuvres,  and  returned  thence  to  Faneuil  Hall. 

Drills  by  squads  were  held  weekly  during  April  and  May,  and  twice  in  May  the 
entire  Company  was  drilled  with  music. 

Monday,  May  5,  the  Company  paraded  in  complete  uniform,  under  command  of 
Major  Loring  (1810),  their  lieutenant,  and  marched  to  Brinley  Place,  in  Roxbury,  the 
residence  of  Brig. -Gen.  Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816),  their  commander,  who  was 
unable  to  take  command,  being  lame.  The  Company  performed  evolutions  and  firings, 
after  which  an  elegant  collation  was  provided  by  the  commander.  After  enjoying  great 
hospitality  and  attention  the  Company  returned  to  their  armory,  and  were  dismissed. 

May  12,  19,  20,  21,  and  26  the  Company  met  for  drill. 

The  following  is  the  first  report  on  record  in  regard  to  invited  guests,  etc.  The 
committee  appointed  annually  to  have  charge  of  the  anniversary  arrangements  has  each 
year  since  1817  reported  a  similar  list,  which  has  been  placed  on  record.  These  reports 
show  the  care  exercised  in  extending  invitations,  and  the  proverbial  generosity  of  the 
Artillery  Company. 

"The  committee  appointed  the  12th  of  May,  181 7,  report  the  following  arrange- 
ments for  Artillery  election,  June  2,  1817,  viz.,  company  to  be  invited  :  — 

"  His  Excellency  the  Governor,  Lieutenant-Governor,  and  Council  .  .  11 
"Senators  of  Suffolk,  President  of  the  Senate  and  Speaker  of  the  House  of 

Representatives   .......••••         8 

"Selectmen  and  Town  Clerk  of  Boston,  10;  Honorary  members,  21  .  .  31 
"Judges   of   S.   J.   Court,    District,    Circuit,    Suffolk   and    Municipal,    and 

Sheriff  of  Suffolk 7 

"Attorney   and    Solicitor-Generals,    Secretary   and   Treasurer   and    Judge 

Bretton '    ■         •         •         5 

"  United   States  Senator  and   Representatives  and    Foreign    Consuls,    6 ; 

Head  singer  and  Organist,  2  ;  Officer  Cards,  7 15 

Franci9  Wyman  (1817).  Authorities:  Wyman's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates;  Bond's 
Hist,  of  Watertown. 


[i8i7 


398  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND 

"Major-General  First  Division  and  Staff,  6;  Adjutant  and  Quartermaster- 
Generals,  2  ........... 

"Brigadier-General  First  Brigade  and  Staff,  4,  and  Third  Brigade  and 
Staff,  3  ;  Gen.  Miller  and  Staff,  2 

"  Field  officers  Third  Brigade,  1 1  ;  Adjutants,  5  ;  Governor's  Aids,  2  . 

"Col.  Eustis  and  Adjutant,  Col.  J.  House,  Major  Brooks,  Major  Henderson 

"  Cadet  officers,  4  ;  Officers  of  Cavalry,  8  ;  Artillery,  9  ;  Light  Infantry,  19 

"  Past  Captains  in  the  Navy,  8,  and  Lieut.-Com.  Finch,  1    . 

"Commissioners  of   the  Treaty  of   Ghent,  Advocates  and  Secretary,  and 

Secretary  of  Pernambuco  Legation       .......         6 

"President  of  Harvard  University  and  Clergymen,  say         ....       40 

"  Fifty  cards  for  members  at  $3  ea  .         .         .         .         .         .         .50 

"  Active  members  of  the  Company      ........       68 

—       332 
"  Deduct  invited  in  two  capacities     ......  13 


9 

18 

5 
40 

9 


"Net 3I9 

"  Members  of  Congress  and  other  strangers  of  distinction,  that  may  be  in  town  on 
that  day,  be  presented  with  a  card  by  the  committee.  All  other  necessary  and  proper 
arrangements  to  meet  the  exigencies  of  the  day  have  been  attended  to,  and  contracts 
made  by  different  sub-committees,  appointed  for  the  purpose." 

The  report  was  unanimously  accepted. 

May  26,  1817,  Brig.-Gens.  Arnold  Welles  (1811),  John  Winslow  (1786),  and 
Amasa  Davis  (1786)  ;  Majors  Benjamin  Russell  (1788),  John  Bray  (1788),  and  James 
Phillips  (1790);  Thomas  W.  Sumner,  Esq.  (1792);  Ebenezer  Torrey,  Esq.  (1765); 
Capt.  Thomas  Clark  (1786)  ;  Joseph  Eaton  (1773),  and  David  W.  Bradlee  (1811)  were 
appointed  a  committee  to  make  the  arrangements  necessary  to  present  his  Excellency 
John  Brooks,  Esq.  (1786),  the  governor,  with  an  elegant  sword,  as  a  testimony  of  the 
Company's  respect  for  him  as  their  chief  magistrate,  and  as  having  twice  commanded 
the  Company. 

The  Company  met  for  drill  May  27  and  May  29. 

Monday,  June  2,  the  Company  paraded  at  nine  o'clock  a.  m.  in  Faneuil  Hall,  under 
the  command  of  Major  Benjamin  Loring  (1810);  marched  to  the  State  House;  received 
the  governor  and  other' guests,  and  escorted  them  to  the  church  in  Chauncy  Place, 
where  the  anniversary  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Daniel  Clarke  Sanders,  D.  D.,  of 
Medfield.  After  the  services  the  Company  escorted  its  guests  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where 
an  elegant  dinner  was  partaken  of,  and  the  festivity  was  heightened  by  appropriate 
toasts  and  addresses.  Brig.-Gen.  Dearborn  (181 6),  as  captain,  presided  at  the  table, 
ill  health  having  prevented  his  performing  the  previous  duties  of  the  day.  At  four 
o'clock  the  Company  escorted  his  Excellency  the  governor  to  their  allotted  square  on 
the  Common.  The  committee  appointed  May  26,  1817,  escorted  by  a  platoon  under 
the  command  of  a  sergeant,  presented  a  beautiful  sword  to  his  Excellency  John  Brooks, 
Esq.  (1786),  governor  and  commander-in-chief.  At  the  ceremony  of  presentation 
Brig.-Gen.  Winslow  (1786),  acting  chairman,  and  twice  commander  of  the  Artillery 
Company,  delivered  the  following  address  :  — 

"  May  it  please  your  Excellency  :  In  behalf  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  we  have  the  honor  to  be  deputed  to  congratulate  our  common  country  on 


1817]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  399 

the  re-election  of  your  Excellency  as  governor  and  commander-in-chief  of  Massachusetts. 
As  citizens  of  a  free  and  independent  Commonwealth,  our  joy  in  this  event  is  increased 
by  the  recollection  of  your  civic  virtues,  and  past  just  and  impartial  administration  of 
our  government.  But  it  is  as  fellow-soldiers  and  members  of  the  ancient  Company, 
which  twice  has  had  the  honor  of  being  commanded  by  your  Excellency,  that  our  felicity 
prompts  us  to  more  than  a  verbal  expression  of  our  feelings,  and  therefore  respectfully 
solicit  your  Excellency  to  accept,  in  behalf  of  the  Company,  the  sword  now  presented, 
as  a  testimonial  of  their  unbounded  attachment  and  respect,  confident  they  place  it  in 
hands  which  well  know  how  to  wield  it  with  glory  and  success  in  war  and  to  preserve  it 
untarnished  in  peace." 

To  which  his  Excellency  was  pleased  to  reply  :  — 

"Mr.  Chairman,  and  Gentlemen  of  the  Committee  :  The  costly  and  elegant  sword, 
which  you  have  in  so  flattering  a  manner  presented  to  me,  I  receive  with  grateful  satis- 
faction, and,  as  a  testimonial  of  the  attachment  and  respect  of  my  fellow-citizens  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  it  is  to  me  of  inestimable  value.  If  my 
administration  hitherto  has  been  such  as  to  afford  you,  as  citizens  of  a  free  and 
independent  Commonwealth,  just  grounds  of  approbation  and  confidence,  I  shall  be 
encouraged  to  continue  a  course  which,  in  my  best  judgment  and  conscience,  I  have 
deemed  to  be  in  accordance  with  the  genuine  principles  of  our  excellent  constitution. 
This  liberal  testimonial  of  your  friendship  and  confidence  shall  be  preserved  untarnished, 
and  wielded  only  in  hostility  against  the  enemies  of  our  common  country." 

The  Company  then  proceeded  to  the  election  of  officers  for  the  year  ensuing,  and, 
having  performed  several  evolutions,  the  old  officers  resigned  the  badges  of  their 
respective  offices,  and  his  Excellency,  having  approved  of  the  newly  elected  officers, 
severally  invested  them  with  the  badges  of  their  offices.  The  governor  was  then  escorted 
to  the  State  House,  and  the  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall.  After  the  usual  vote 
of  thanks  to  the  preacher,  it  was  voted  that  the  thanks  of  the  Company  be  presented  to 
Commodore  Bainbridge,  for  his  politeness  and  attention  to  the  Company,  in  permitting 
the  band  of  music  attached  to  the  United  States  frigate  "  Independence,"  under  his 
command,  to  play  for  the  Company  during  the  ceremonies  of  their  anniversary  day, 
June  2,  1817.  The  Company  also  sent  thirty  dollars  to  the  commodore,  to  be  divided 
among  the  members  of  the  band. 

At  a  meeting  held  Monday  evening,  June  9,  a  committee,  of  which  Gen.  Mattoon 
(1817)  was  made  chairman,  was  appointed  to  inquire  into  the  expediency  of  petitioning 
the  governor  and  council  for  two  brass  six-pounders,  with  their  accompanying  imple- 
ments, etc.,  and  to  consider  the  subject  generally. 

June  16,  1817,  "the  sub-committee  from  the  committee  of  the  Company  on  the 
subject  of  petitioning  the  governor  and  council  for  two  field-pieces,  asked  leave  to 
report  that  they  have  duly  considered  the  subject  committed  to  them,  which  they  con- 
sider as  highly  interesting,  and  are  of  opinion  that  it  would  tend  to  promote  the  honor, 
as  well  as  usefulness,  of  the  Company,  to  have  artillery  pieces  attached  to  it,  provided 
they  can  be  obtained  upon  the  same  conditions,  and  the  Company  be  entitled  to  the 
same  advantages  and  benefits  which  are  granted  to  other  artillery  companies  in  this 
Commonwealth.  The  committee  are,  however,  of  opinion  that  it  would  not  be  advisable 
that  any  measures  should  be  adopted  by  the  Company  whereby  there  would  be  any 
additional  expense  incurred,  except  what  is  voluntary  on  the  part  of  its  members ;  and 
as  it  is  expected,  should  the  Company  obtain  the  pieces,  that  every  member  would  give 


4°°  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,gI7 

all  due  attention  to  perfect  himself  in  the  drill  that  may  be  directed,  they  ought  to 
practice  occasionally  at  the  pieces,  and  adopt  such  measures  as  to  ensure  a  respectable 
appearance  whenever  the  Company  should  judge  advisable  to  appear  in  public  there- 
with. Your  committee  are  of  opinion  that  it  will  not  be  necessary  or  advisable  to  make 
any  alteration  in  our  present  uniform  for  those  who  may  be  attached  to  the  pieces,  but  ■ 
that  the  whole  Company  should  improve  the  opportunity  to  practice,  and  when  a  public 
appearance  is  made  with  them,  that  the  commander  make  such  arrangements  and  adopt 
such  measures  as  shall  tend  to  effect  the  objects  contemplated,  and  promote  the  honor 
of  the  Company.  As  it  respects  a  house  for  the  pieces,  should  they  be  obtained,  and 
also  the  artillery  drill,  it  was  thought  by  the  committee  a  subject  of  after-consideration. 
It  is  recommended  that  a  report  be  made  to  the  Company  at  the  meeting  on  Monday 
evening  next  upon  the  plan  here  suggested,  and  that  a  petition  to  the  governor  and 
council  be  prepared,  ready  to  be  submitted  for  signatures  on  that  evening,  provided  the 
report  be  accepted. 

"All  which  is  respectfully  submitted.  "William  Howe  [1806], 

"John  Dodd,  Jr.  [1810], 
"Eleazer  G.  House  [1810], 

"Boston,  June  12,  1817.  "  Sub- Committee. 

"At  a  meeting  of  the  general  committee  on  the  subject  of  artillery,  the  foregoing 
report  was  unanimously  accepted,  and  as  it  embraces  all  the  most  important  parts  of 
what  they  considered  was  referred  to  their  consideration,  if  this  report  should  meet  the 
approbation  of  the  Company  and  be  accepted,  they  would  further  recommend  that  a 
committee  be  immediately  raised  for  the  purpose  of  presenting  the  petition  to  the 
governor  and  council. 

"Which  is  respectfully  submitted.  "E.  Mattoon  [1817], 

"John  Dodd,  Jr.  [1810], 
"Daniel  Dunton  [1812], 
"William  Howe  [1806], 
"Benj.  Loring  [1810], 
"Thomas  Wells  [181  i], 
"George  Welles  [1807], 
"Michael  Roulstone  [18 10], 
"  June  16,1817.  "  Committee. 

"  Voted  unanimously  that  the  foregoing  report  be  accepted,  and  that  Major  B. 
Loring  [1810],  Capt.  P.  Curtis  [1812],  George  Welles  [1807],  W.  Howe  [1806],  and 
M.  Roulstone  [1810],  be  a  committee  to  present  a  petition  conformable  thereto." 

Meetings  for  business  were  held  June  30,  July  14  and  28,  and  Monday,  Aug.  n. 
At  the  last  meeting  (Aug.  11)  the  following  papers  were  presented  :  — 

"In  council,  July  3,  1817.  The  military  committee  of  the  council,  to  whom  was 
referred  the  petition  from  a  committee  of  the  Honorable  and  Ancient  Artillery  Company 
appointed  for  that  purpose,  requesting  a  loan  of  a  pair  of  brass  field-pieces,  that  thereby 
they  may  be  restored  to  the  ancient  situation  of  the  Company,  as  its  name  imports,  as 
well  as  to  assist  them  in  acquiring  a  correct  knowledge  in  the  exercise  of  artillery, 
united  to  their  present  improvements  as  infantry,  respectfully  report :  That  his  Excel- 
lency be  advised  to  direct  the  quartermaster-general  to  loan  to  the  Ancient  and  Hon- 
orable Artillery  Company  a  pair  of  brass  six-pound  cannon,  completely  equipped  for 


^^x,  g.  yfe. 


,817]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  40 1 

field  service,  and  to  supply  said  Company,  for  the  use  of  said  cannon,  the  usual  quantity 
of  ammunition,  as  is  directed  by  law  for  other  companies  of  artillery  within  the 
Commonwealth.  D.  Cobb,  per  order. 

"In  council,  July  3,  1817.     This  report  is  accepted,  and  by  the  governor  approved. 

"Alden  Bradford,  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth. 
"  Copy  examined. 

"  A.  Bradford,  Secretary  of  Commonwealth. 

"Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts.  General  orders,  Headquarters,  Boston,  July  12, 
1 81 7.  The  commander-in-chief,  having  on  the  third  instant  been  advised  by  the 
honorable  council  to  direct  the  quartermaster-general  to  loan  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  a  pair  of  brass  six-pound  cannon,  completely  equipped  for  field 
service,  and  to  supply  said  Company  with  the  usual  quantity  of  ammunition,  as  is 
directed  by  law  for  other  companies  of  artillery  within  the  Commonwealth  ;  his  Excel- 
lency accordingly  directs  the  quartermaster-general  to  furnish  by  loan  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  with  two  pieces  of  cannon  of  the  description  above  men- 
tioned, together  with  complete  equipments  for  the  same  for  -field  service,  and  in  every 
respect  to  comply  with  the  above  written  advice  of  the  council.  The  cannon  thus 
loaned  to  be  kept  at  the  laboratory  in  Boston,  and  when  not  in  use  to  be  under  the 
care  of  the  quartermaster-general. 

"  By  his  Excellency's  command, 

"  William  H.  Sumner, 
"Aide-de-camp  to  his  Excellency  the  Governor  and  Commander-in-chief." 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Company  held  Aug.  12,  the  following  letter  was  presented  :  — • 

Boston,  Aug.  12,  181 7. 
Adjt.-Gen.  Ebenezer  Mattoon,  Esq.,  Captain  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company : 
Sir,  —  I  was  induced  by  my  friends  at  the  last  election  to  take  the  office  of  clerk, 
greatly  against  my  will.  I  now  find  that  the  duties  of  that  office,  connected  with  many 
others  of  a  similar  kind,  not  only  serve  to  lessen  my  professional  business,  and  thereby 
the  means  of  supporting  an  increasing  family,  but  also  that  my  health  is  materially 
impaired  and  injured.  The  active  duty  of  the  autumn  commences  on  Monday  evening, 
the  18th  instant,  when  an  assessment  is  usually  laid.  I  have  been  confined  by  sickness 
for  nearly  two  weeks,  and  although  I  may  be  out  by  the  latter  part  of  this  week,  yet  I 
feel  it  impossible  to  perform  any  part  of  the  duties  of  the  office  of  clerk.  I  therefore 
ask  leave  to  resign  said  office,  assuring  you,  sir,  and  the  Company,  that  as  far  as  my 
health  and  abilities  will  allow,  I  shall  ever  exert  myself  to  promote  their  interest  and 
welfare.     With  sentiments  of  respect  and  esteem, 

I  am  your  obedient  servant, 

Zach.  G.  Whitman. 

"Boston,  Monday,  Aug.  18,  1817.  The  Company  met  agreeable  to  orders.  Pro- 
ceeded to  the  choice  of  a  clerk,  vice  Z.  G.  Whitman,  Esq.  [18 10],  resigned.  Capt. 
James  N.  Staples  [1816]  was  unanimously  chosen,  was  present,  and  accepted  the  office." 

Meetings  for  business  and  drill  were  held  Aug.  25  and  29,  and  on  the  first  day  of 


4-02  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  ^818 

September  a  public  parade  was  held,  and  the  Company  was  entertained  at  the  residence 
of  the  commander. 

At  the  meeting  held  Sept.  29  the  devoted  services  of  Lieut.  Whitman  (1810),  as 
clerk  of  the  Company,  were  acknowledged  by  a  vote  of  thanks.  A  parade  was  held  the 
first  Monday  in  October. 

Rev.  Daniel  C.  Sanders,  D.  D.,  of  Medfield,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  ser- 
mon, in  1817.  He  was  a  son  of  Michael  and  Azubah  (Clarke)  Sanders,  and  was  born  in 
Sturbridge  in  1768.  He  was  fitted  for  college  by  Rev.  Samuel  West,  of  Needham,  and 
graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1788.  In  1789  he  was  made  preceptor  in  the 
Cambridge  High  School.  He  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Prentiss,  of  Medfield,  taught 
the  North  School  in  that  town  in  1790,  and  was  licensed  to  preach  in  the  same  year  by 
the  Dedham  association.  He  married  Nancy  Fitch,  of  Canterbury,  Conn.  He  was 
ordained  to  the  Christian  ministry,  and  installed  as  pastor  of  a  church  in  Vergennes,  Vt., 
in  i794-  He  resigned  his  pastoral  charge  to  assume  the  presidency  of  the  University 
of  Vermont,  to  which  he  was  elected  in  the  year  1800.  He  received  the  degree  of 
D.  D.  from  Harvard  College  in  1809.  In  1814,  the  university  buildings  being  occupied 
by  the  American  troops,  his  family  left  Burlington,  May  14,  the  British  flotilla  appearing 
before  the  town,  and  bombardment  being  expected.  He  settled  in  Medfield  in  Sep- 
tember, 1814,  and  was  installed  over  the  church  in  that  town  in  the  following  spring. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  convention  for  the  revision  of  the  State  constitution  in  1820 
and  1821.  He  withdrew  from  his  pastoral  relation  in  Medfield,  May  24,  1829.  He  was 
representative  to  the  General  Court  in  1832,  1833,  1834,  and  1835,  repeatedly  a  member 
of  the  board  of  selectmen,  and  prominent  on  the  school  committee  for  several  years. 
He  died  in  1850. 


8q  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1818  were:   Benjamin 

{Q.Loring    (1810),    captain;    Luke    Richardson    (1812),    lieutenant;    Michael 
Roulstone  (18.10),  ensign.    Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr.  (1816),  was  first  sergeant ; 
Ethan  A.  Greenwood  (1814),  second  sergeant;  Francis  Southack  (1816),  third  sergeant; 
Josiah  Wilkins  (1816),  fourth  sergeant;  Andrew  Sigourney  (1806),  treasurer;  James  N. 
Staples  (1816),  Clerk,  and  Levi  Melcher  (1802),. armorer. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1818  were:  Daniel  Brown, 
John  Butterfield,  Benjamin  M.  Nevers,  Ebenezer  W.  Nevers,  Robert  Somerby. 

Daniel  Brown  (1818)  was  a  printer  in  Boston.  After  several  years'  service  in  the 
militia  he  became  captain  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  and  held  that  office  from  1818  to  1821  inclusive;  was  major  of  the  same  in 
1822  and  1823,  and  lieutenant-colonel  from  1824  to  1827  inclusive.  He  was  second 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  182 1,  and  was  honorably  discharged  May  12,  1823. 

John  Butterfield  (1818)  was  a  merchant,  engaged  in  the  West  India  goods  business 
at  No.  3  Long  Wharf.  He  resided  on  Poplar  Street.  He  was  probably  from  Tyngsboro, 
Mass.,  and  married,  Feb.  21,  1813,  in  Boston,  Lucinda  Bicknell.     He  held  the  position 

Rev.  Daniel  C.  Sanders,  D.  D.    Authority:  Tilden's  Hist,  of  Medfield. 


<J<t  -Vto} 


^014^ 


1818]  HONORABLE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  403 

of  ensign  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1818  and  1819,  and 
was  promoted  to  lieutenant.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Artillery  Company, 
April  3,  1820. 

Benjamin  IV! .  Nevers  (1818),  livery  stable-keeper,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  that  part 
of  Woburn  now  called  Burlington,  Aug.  18,  1789.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1818,  lieutenant 
in  the  same  from  1819  to  1822  inclusive,  and  captain  in  1823  and  1824;  second  ser- 
geant of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822,  and  lieutenant  in  1827.  His  brother,  Lieut. 
Ebenezer  W.  Nevers,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  18 18.  Benjamin  M.  Nevers 
(1818)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge  in  1815,  and  became  a 
member  Oct.  6  of  that  year. 

Ebenezer  W.  Nevers  (1818),  wharfinger,  of  Boston,  was  born  in  that  part  of 
Woburn  now  called  Burlington,  in  1791.  He  was  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third 
Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1819,  and  lieutenant  in  the  same  in  1820  and  1821,  but 
never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  His  brother,  Capt  Benjamin  M.  Nevers, 
joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1818.  Ebenezer  W.  Nevers  (1818)  died  at  Boston, 
Aug.  17,  1838,  aged  forty-seven  years. 

Robert  Somerby  (1818)  was  a  jeweller  in  Boston,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Robert 
J.  Brown  &  Co.,  jewellers,  1  Marlboro  Row  and  Milk  Street.  He  resided  on  Carver 
Street.  Mr.  Somefby  (1818)  married,  May  3,  1818,  Eliza  F.  Gill,  of  Boston.  He  was 
ensign  in  a  company  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachu- 
setts Volunteer  Militia,  in  181 7,  and  was  paymaster,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant,  in  the 
same,  in  1818,  1819,  and  1820.  He  died  at  Roxbury,  Aug.  20,  1821,  aged  twenty- 
seven  years. 

On  Saturday,  March  14,  18 18,  a  special  meeting  of  the  Company  was  held  at  four 
o'clock  p.  m.,  for  the  purpose  of  attending  the  funeral  of  the  senior  member  of  the  Com- 
pany, Ebenezer  Torrey,  Esq.  (1765).  Services  were  held  at  his  residence,  No.  no 
Orange,  now  Washington,  Street.  The  Company  attended  in  citizen's  dress,  with  crape 
on  the  left  arm. 

Meetings  were  held  March  23  and  30  for  drill,  Lieut.  Dodd  (1810)  being  in  com- 
mand. At  the  former  meeting,  the  field-pieces  granted  by  the  governor  were  accepted 
by  the  Company,  and  times  for  drill  with  the  guns  were  appointed.  The  first  drill  was 
held  March  27,  18 18. 

At  a  meeting,  April  16,  the  commander  requested  the  members,  to  the  number  of 
eighteen,  to  volunteer  for  the  purpose  of  manning  the  field-pieces  during  the  season. 
The  following  gentlemen  complied,  and  constituted  the  first  artillery  squad,  viz. :  Capt. 
Michael  Roulstone  (1810),  Capt.  Philip  Curtis  (1812),  Major  Benjamin  Loring  (1810), 
Ensign  Zachariah  G.  Whitman  (1810),  Mr.  Ephraim  Harrington  (1815),  Mr.  Ebenezer 
Goodrich  (1814),  Lieut.  Francis  Southack  (1816),  Mr.  John  L.  Phillips  (1813),  Capt. 
William  Howe  (1806),  Lieut.  Josiah  Wilkins  (1816),  Lieut.  Luke  Richardson  (1812), 
Lieut.  Ethan  A.  Greenwood  (1814),  Ensign  Alfred  Curtis  (1817),  Mr.  Cornelius  Briggs 
(1817),  Capt.  Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr.  (1816),  Mr.  Ephraim  French,  Jr.  (1809),  Lieut. 
Thomas  Hunting  (1816),  Mr.  Thomas  Wells  (1811),  Capt.  James  N.  Staples  (1816), 
and  Mr.  Eleazer  Nichols  (1814). 


4°4  HISTORY   OF. THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[if 


At  the  parade  in  May,  the  commander  being  absent,  Lieut.  Dodd  (1810)  being  in 
command,  Rev.  Henry  Colman,  of  Hingham,  was  chosen  to  deliver  the  next  Artillery 
election  sermon. 

Friday  afternoon,  May  8,  the  Company  met  for  field  duty,  under  the  command  of 
Ensign  Dunton  (1812)  ;  secured  the  field-pieces1  "Hancock"  and  "Adams,"  it  being 
nearly  a  century  since  they  paraded  with  them,  and  marched  through  the  principal 
streets  to  the  Common,  where  they  went  through  the  firings.  A  collation  was  served  on 
their  return  to  the  Hall. 

During  the  month  of  May  frequent  meetings  were  held,  and  both  the  infantry  and 
artillery  wings  made  careful  preparation  for  the  approaching  anniversary. 

Monday,  June  1,  1818,  the  usual  exercises  were  held,  Capt.  Dodd  (1810)  being  in 
command.  Rev.  Mr.  Colman,  of  Hingham,  delivered  the  sermon.  Gen.  Mattoon 
(181 7)  was  prevented  from  taking  command  from  indisposition.  The  day  was  rainy, 
and  after  dinner  the  governor  returned  to  the  State  House.  At  four  o'clock  the  Com- 
pany marched  from  the  Hall  to  the  laboratory,  where  the  field-pieces  were  received,  and, 
proceeding  to  the  Common,  went  through  the  firings,  to  the  gratification  of  the  spec- 
tators. The  Company  then  marched  to  the  "area  of  the  State  House,"  where  the 
election  of  officers  for  the  ensuing  year  was  held.  The  old  officers  resigned  their  badges 
of  office,  that  of  Gen.  Mattoon  (1817)  being  returned  by  Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786). 
The  blindness  with  which  Gen.  Mattoon  (18 17)  was  afflicted  caused  his  absence.  After 
the  investiture  of  the  newly  elected  officers  the  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall,  and 
after  a  collation  were  dismissed. 

On  the  15th  of  June,  1818,  a  manuscript  history  of  the  Artillery  Company  was 
offered  by  Shubael  Bell,  Esq.,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  examine  it.  It  was  not 
satisfactory,  and  was  returned.     The  writer  of  it  is  not  known. 

Frequent  meetings  were  held  in  July  and  August,  and  the  Company  enjoyed  an 
unusual  degree  of  prosperity. 

The  September  field-day  was  stormy,  but  the  Company  marched  to  the  gun-house, 
Fort  Hill,  went  through  with  evolutions,  fired  the  guns,  and  returned  to  the  Hall. 

The  last  field-day  of  1818  was  observed  Oct.  15,  when  the  Company  marched  to 
the  town  of  Charlestown,  fired  a  number  of  times,  and  partook  of  a  collation  at  Capt. 
Andrew  Roulstone's  (181 1),  after  which  they  returned  to  their  armory. 

Rev.  Henry  Colman,  of  Hingham,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1818. 
He  was  a  son  of  Dudley  Colman,  and  Mary,  his  wife,  and  was  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  12 
1785.  He  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1805.  The  Third  Congregational  Society 
in  Hingham  was  incorporated  Feb.  27,  1807,  and  the  church  was  organized  under  the 
name  of  the  Third  Church  in  Hingham,  June  16,  1807.  Mr.  Colman  was  the  first 
minister  of  this  newly  organized  church,  and  was  ordained  pastor  June  17,  1807.  He 
was  dismissed  at  his  own  request,  March  14,  1820.  He  was  commissioned  chaplain  of 
the  Second  Regiment  in  1807,  and  held  the  office  several  years.  After  leaving  Hingham 
he  opened  an  academy  in  Brookline,  which  he  continued  for  several  years,  and  Feb.  16 
1825,  he  became  pastor  of  the  Independent  Church,  in  Salem.     He  held  this  relation 

Rev.  Henry  Colman.    Authority:  Lincoln's  paraded  with  two  pieces  of  field  artillery.    A  century 

Hist,  of  Hingham.  has  nearly  elapsed  since  the  Company  before  paraded 

1  "Yesterday  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artii-  with    cannon."  —  Columbian    Centinel,    Saturdav 

lery  Company,  under  Lieut. -Col.   Dunton   [1812],  May  9,  1 8 1 8. 


1819]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  405 

until  Dec.  7,  1831,  when  he  became  almost  exclusively  a  farmer,  having  purchased  a 
farm  at  Deerfield.  Influenced  by  this  pursuit,  and  commissioned  by  the  State,  he  visited 
England,  France,  and  other  foreign  countries.  In  England  he  made  many  and  very 
strong  friends.  He  was  received  there  with  a  cordial  hospitality.  He  became  ill  in 
London  with  a  fatal  disease,  and  died  at  Islington,  England,  Aug.  17,  1849.  A  monu- 
ment to  his  memory  stands  in  Highgate  Cemetery,  Middlesex,  England,  which  was 
erected  by  order  of  and  at  the  expense  of  Lady  Byron. 


8  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  1819  were  :  Thomas 

I  Q.  Dean  (1806),  captain;  Zachariah  G.  Whitman  (1810),  lieutenant ;  Thomas 
'     Wells    (181 1 ),    ensign.     Ephraim    Harrington    (1815)    was    first   sergeant; 
Thomas    Hunting  (1816),  second  sergeant;    Daniel  L.  Ware  (1811),  third  sergeant; 
Edward   Bugbee   (1816),  fourth  sergeant;    Andrew  Sigourney,  Esq.   (1806),  treasurer; 
James  N.  Staples  (1816),  clerk,  and  David  W.  Bradlee  (1811),  armorer. 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  18 19  were  :  Nathaniel  Austin, 
Ruel  Baker,  Elijah  Crane,  Ezra  Hawkes,  Benjamin  T.  Pickman,  Timothy  Rix,  George 
Stearns,  Peter  L.  R.  Stone,  George  Sullivan,  William  Sullivan,  William  H.  Sumner, 
Samuel  Swett,  George  W.  Thayer,  Benjamin  Winslow. 

Nathaniel  Austin  (1819),  merchant,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Margaret 
(Rand)  Austin,  was  born  March  19,  1772.  He  was  never  married.  John  Austin  (1746) 
was  a  brother  of  Ebenezer,  the  grandfather  of  Gen.  Nathaniel  Austin  (1819).  He  was 
early  interested  in  the  militia;  was  captain  of  the  Warren  Phalanx,  and  became  brigadier- 
general  of  the  First  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1809, 
and  held  that  office  until  1827,  when  he  was  commissioned  major-general,  in  command 
of  the  Third  Division.  He  held  this  office  from  1827  to  1830.  He  was  high  sheriff  of 
the  county  of  Middlesex  from  1813  to  1831,  a  representative  to  the  General  Court,  and 
senator  from  Charlestown,  also  a  member  of  the  governor's  council.  He  was  elected 
an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company,  Aug.  2,  1819,  and  was  honorably 
discharged  March  26,  1827. 

In  March,  1828,  the  Legislature  passed  an  act  creating  the  Warren  Bridge  Corpo- 
ration. Gen.  Austin  (1819)  was  one  of  the  corporators,  and  the  chief  spirit  in  this  new 
enterprise. 

His  office  for  many  years  was  in  "the  stone  building,"  '  in  a  front  room,  looking 
upon  Main  Street,  ascended  by  an  outer  flight  of  stairs  in  the  rear  on  Town-Hill  Street. 
The  office  of  the  Bunker  Hill  Aurora,  in  its  early  career,  was  in  this  same  building. 
He  died  at  No.  22  Union  Street,  April  3,  1861,  aged  eighty-nine  years  and  fifteen  days. 

Ruel  Baker  (1819),  painter,  of  Boston,  son  of  a  Revolutionary  patriot  and  soldier 
of  Bunker  Hill,  John  Baker,  of  Sudbury,  was  born  in  that  town  July  19,  1792.  He 
married,  in  April,   1818,  Mary  Newell,  a  niece  of  Mrs.  Harriet  Newell,  wife  of  Rev. 

Nathaniel  Austin  (1819).     Authority:  Wy-  Bow,  and  Pleasant  streets,  was  erected  from  stones 

man's  Charlestown  Genealogies  and  Estates.  quarried   at   the    "Outer    Brewster,"   which    Gen. 

Ruel   Baker  (1819).     Authority:    Hist,  of  Austin  (1819),  with  his  father  and  brother  William, 

Columbian  Lodge,  by  John  T.  Heard.  bought  in  1799  for  one  thousand  dollars.  —  Record 

1  This  building,  at  junction  of  Main,  Harvard,  in  Suffolk  Deeds,  Vol.  CXCII.,  p.  165. 


406  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND 


[1819 


Samuel,  the  missionary.  He  was  brought  up  to  the  trade  of  a  house  and  sign  painter, 
finishing  his  apprenticeship  with  Darius  Brewer,  of  Dorchester.  After  working  about 
one  year  for  John  Green,  Jr.  (1835),  he  began  business  on  his  own  account,  in  company 
with  a  Mr.  Horton.  The  firm  was  successful  in  business.  After  a  few  years  the  firm 
of  Baker  &  Horton  was  dissolved,  and  Mr.  Baker  (1819),  after  continuing  in  business 
alone  for  some  time,  formed  a  partnership  with  his  youngest  son.  He  served  as  a 
member  of  the  common  council  of  Boston  from  1833  to  1835  inclusive,  and  from  1839 
to  1 84 1  inclusive.  He  was  representative  in  the  General  Court  from  Boston,  and  at  the 
time  of  his  decease  was  a  director  in  the  Boylston  Bank. 

Mr.  Baker  (18 19)  was,  after  several  years  of  military  service,  promoted  to  be  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  in  181 7,  captain  in  the  same  from  1818  to  1822  inclusive,  and  lieutenant-colonel 
in  1823  and  1824.  He  was  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  182 1,  and  second 
lieutenant  in  1824.  He  was  elected  an  honorary  member  of  the  Company,  April  2, 
1827.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge,  of  Boston,  and  became 
a  member  thereof  Dec.  29,  1825.  He  filled  various  stations  in  the  Lodge,  was  master 
four  years,  from  1837  to  1840,  and  was  treasurer  eight  years,  from  1841  to  his  decease. 
He  was  a  member  of  St.  Andrew's  Chapter,  and  of  Boston  Commandery,  Knights 
Templars.  He  was  the  first  officer  of  the  former  in  1838  and  1839,  and  of  the  latter  in 
1841  and  1842.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, and  served  as  one  of  the  trustees  of  Masonic  Temple  from  1844  until  his 
decease. 

He  died  at  his  residence  in  Boston,  Jan.  17,  1848,  Rev.  David  Fosdick  preaching  a 
funeral  sermon  at  his  obsequies,  which  were  held  at  Hollis  Street  Church.  He  sustained 
through  life  the  character  of  an  upright  and  honest  man. 

Elijah  Crane  (1819),  farmer  and  innholder,  of  Canton,  son  of  Major  Thomas  Crane, 
was  born  in  Milton,  Aug.  29,  1754.  His  father  removed  with  his  family,  in  1763,  from 
Milton  to  Canton.  At  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  Elijah  Crane  (1819)  enlisted  in  the 
Continental  service,  and  was  a  member  of  a  company  that  marched  in  answer  to  the 
Lexington  alarm.  This  company  is  supposed  to  have  been  stationed  in  Roxbury,  near 
the  present  Yeoman  Street;  for,  in  later  years,  when  Gen.  Crane  (1819)  was  attacked 
by  articles  in  the  public  press,  he  is  said  to  have  replied  :  "A  man  that  has  stood  guard 
at  Lamb's  Dam  cannot  be  scared  by  squibs."  This  subsequently  brought  out  the  toast : 
"  While  we  venerate  the  eagle,  we  would  not  be  unmindful  of  the  Crane  who  stood 
sentinel  at  Lamb's  Dam."  No  record  of  Mr.  Crane's  (1819)  subsequent  enlistment  and 
service  appears,  but  he  used  to  speak  of  a  dinner  of  hasty-pudding  and  molasses  which 
he  received  while  driving  a  four-horse  team  with  supplies  for  the  army  in  New  York  State 
during  the  Revolution. 

In  early  life  he  was  a  farmer,  but  afterward  an  innholder.  He  devoted  much  time 
and  labor  in  church,  parish,  and  town  affairs,  but  it  was  in  the  military  service  that  he 
became  most  distinguished.  He  was  captain  of  the  Third  Troop  of  Cavalry  in  1789-90, 
and  in  years  following  commanded  a  cavalry  company  attached  to  the  first  division  of 
the  State  militia.  Being  promoted  through  various  military  grades,  he  was  commissioned 
brigadier-general  of  the  Second  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia, 

Elijah  Crane  (1819).  Authorities:  Hist,  of  Canton,  by  D.  T.  V.  Huntoon;  Grand  Lodge 
Records;    Freemason's  Magazine,  Vol.  XXXI.;   Dedham  Transcript,  November,  1S78. 


,8I9]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  407 

in  1803,  and  major-general  of  the  First  Division,  June  16,  1809.  He  held  the  latter 
position  until  1827, —  so  long  that  the  officers  under  him  became  weary  waiting  for  pro- 
motion, although  he  always  said  he  would  resign  when  a  gentleman  should  be  proposed 
to  fill  his  place.  One,  more  weary  than  the  rest,  at  a  public  banquet  offered  the  follow- 
ing toast:  "Major-Gen.  Crane  [1819], —  May  he  be  eternally  rewarded  in  heaven  for 
his  everlasting  services  on  earth  !  "  Again,  it  is  said  "  he  had  all  the  virtues  except 
resignation." 

His  first  division  muster  was  at  "Low  Plain,"  now  Readville,  in  1815.  When,  Oct. 
12,  1826,  the  muster  was  ordered  at  the  same  place,  the  Boston  troops  were  incensed  at 
being  obliged  to  go  so  far,  and  resorted  to  various  methods  to  worry  Gen.  Crane  (1819). 
The  Boston  News-Letter,  in  speaking  of  this  review,  says :  "  Major-Gen.  Crane 
[1819],  in  defiance  of  public  sentiment  and  public  feeling,  of  squibs,  crackers,  rockets, 
and  pasquinades,  seems  determined  to  play  his  military  farce  at  Dedham  on  the  12th 
instant ;  the  Boston  brigade,  having  no  tents,  must  sleep  under  the  canopy  of  heaven," 
which  the  editor  thinks  would  be  almost  as  bad  as  "standing  sentinel  on  Lamb's  Dam." 
Gen.  Crane  (1819)  held  the  muster,  and  it  was  conceded  by  all  that  it  was  very  credit- 
able to  the  division  and  to  the  Commonwealth.  It  was  at  this  muster  that  the  "  striped 
pig"  was  exhibited.  Gen.  Crane  (1819)  gave  an  order  that  there  should  be  no  liquor 
sold  on  the  camping-ground.  This  order  was  considered  an  outrage  upon  the  liberties 
of  the  mustering  patriots.  About  noon  of  the  first  day,  one  asked  another,  "  Have  you 
been  to  see  the  striped  pig?"  On  the  outskirts  of  the  field  a  man  had  erected  a  booth, 
on  which  he  advertised  he  would  exhibit  a  striped  pig.  Everybody  wanted  to  see  the  pig. 
Admission,  "  a  shilling."  Entering  the  booth,  there  could  be  seen,  tied  to  a  stake,  a 
large  hog,  painted  with  black  stripes,  zebra  fashion.  In  the  rear  of  the  booth  were 
sundry  kegs,  bottles,  demijohns,  etc;',  and  the  contents  of  either  could  be  sampled  by 
giving  up  the  ticket  of  admission.  Some  persons  went  in  several  times  to  see  the 
"striped  pig."     This  muster  was  afterward  known  as  the  "striped  pig  muster." 

Gen.  Crane  (18 19)  made  a  fine  appearance  on  horseback.  He  wore  his  white  hair 
cut  short,  and  brushed  straight  up  from  his  head,  and  it  is  said  he  reminded  spectators 
of  Andrew  Jackson,  with  whom  he  had  several  characteristics  in  common. 

Elijah  Crane  (1819)  was  landlord  of  the  old  tavern  in  Canton  from  1789  to  1800, 
succeeding  Samuel  Capen,  the  author  of  "  Norfolk  Harmony."  In  granting  his  license 
the  selectmen  declared  that  Elijah  Crane  (1819)  was  "of  sober  life  and  conversation, 
suitably  qualified  and  provided  for  such  employment."  For  twenty  years  he  was  high 
sheriff  of  Norfolk  County.  On  one  occasion  he  was  obliged  to  visit  Northampton  on  a 
pauper  case,  and  his  manner  was  so  overbearing  that  Judge  Parker,  looking  directly 
at  him,  said,  "  Gentlemen  must  be  more  quiet ;  the  high  sheriff  of  Hampshire  does  n't 
allow  as  much  noise  in  his  county  as  the  high  sheriff  of  Norfolk." 

Gen.  Crane  (1819)  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity.  He  was 
master  of  Rising  Star  Lodge  in  18 10,  district  deputy  grand  master,  District  No.  4,  in 
1820;  junior  grand  warden  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  in  1821  and  1822, 
senior  grand  warden  in  1823,  and  grand  master  in  1833. 

Gen.  Crane  (1819)  in  social  life  was  plain,  substantial,  reliable,  and  upright,  kind 
to  friends,  generous  to  enemies,  polite  and  courteous.  June  21,  1819,  Major-Gen. 
Elijah  Crane  (1819)  was  unanimously  elected  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery 
Company. 

He  died  at  Canton,  Feb.  21,  1834. 


4°8  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [lglQ 

Ezra  Hawkes  (1819)  was  a  tin-plate  worker  in  Boston.  His  shop  was  No.  63 
Court  Street,  and  his  residence  on  Second  Street.  He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the 
First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  1816  to  1818  inclusive,  and  captain 
in  the  same  from  1819  to  1821  inclusive.  He  rejoined  the  Artillery  Company,  May  9, 
1821,  and  was  honorably  discharged  March  24,  1823.  He  never  held  any  office  in 
the  Company.     He  died  Dec.  21,  1868. 

Benjamin  T.  Pickman  (1819)  was  a  merchant  of  Boston.  March  14,  1806,  by 
act  of  the  Legislature,  Benjamin  Pickman,  son  of  the  Hon.  Benjamin  Pickman,  Jr., 
of  Salem,  in  the  county  of  Essex,  was  allowed  to  take  the  name  of  Benjamin  Toppan 
Pickman  (1819).  He  was  born  in  Salem  in  1790,  and  married  Hannah,  daughter  of 
William  and  Hannah  (Carter)  Bright,  of  Boston.  They  had  no  children.  Mr.  Pick- 
man  (1819)  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  in  1815  and  1816,  and  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1817  and  1818.  He  held 
the  position  of  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  John  Brooks  (1786)  from  1819  to 
1823,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel.  He  was  a  member  of  the  common  council  of 
Boston  in  1829,  1830,  and  1831,  a  representative  to  the  General  Court,  also  a  senator, 
and  presided  over  the  Senate  from  1833  until  his  decease.  He  died  March  21,  1835, 
aged  forty-five  years. 

Timothy  Rix  (1819)  was  in  the  grocery  trade  in  Boston,  at  No.  7  Rowe's  Wharf. 
He  does  not  appear  to  have  held  office  in  the  State  militia,  nor  in  the  Artillery  Company. 
He  paraded  with  the  Company  in  1822,  but  subsequently  his  name  was  dropped  from 
the  roll.     Mr.  Whitman  (1810)  says  that  Mr.  Rix  (1819)  removed  to  Haverhill,  N.  H. 

George  Stearns  (1819)  is  recorded  in  the  Boston  Directory  of  1820  as  being  a 
"victualler"  on  Cambridge  Street,  and  as  residing  at  No.  8  North  Russell  Street.  He 
was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from 
1818  to  1823  inclusive,  and  lieutenant  in  the  same  from  1824  to  1827.  He  paraded 
in  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822,  and  was  honorably  discharged  May  19,  1823.  He 
never  held  any  office  in  the  Company. 

Peter  L.  R.  Stone  (1819)  was  a  grocer,  of  the  firm  of  Train  &  Stone,  and  their 
place  of  business  was  on  Cambridge  Street.  He  was  lieutenant  of  a  company  in  the 
Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1819, 
and  captain  of  the  same  from  1820  to  1823  inclusive.  He  was  honorably  discharged  by 
the  Artillery  Company,  May  31,  1824.     He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Company. 

George  Sullivan  (1819),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  joined  the  Artillery  Company,  Oct.  7, 
181 1.  He  was  honorably  discharged  in  1814,  and  he  rejoined  the  Company,  May  27, 
1819.  He  was  elected  an  honorary  member  May  27,  1819,  and  was  again  honorably 
discharged  Feb.  16,  1827.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  See 
page  357  of  this  volume. 

William  Sullivan  (1819),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  second  son  of  Gov.  James  Sullivan, 
whose  father  came  from  Ireland  in  1730,  was  born  at  Saco,  District  of  Maine,  Nov.  30, 
1774.      He  entered   the  Latin  School  in  1781,  and  graduated  from  Harvard   College 

William  Sullivan  (1819).  Authorities:  Loring's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators;  Whitman's  Hist. 
A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


,8,9]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  409 

in  1792.  He  studied  law  under  the  direction  of  his  father,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Suffolk  bar  in  July,  1795.  He  married,  May  19,  1802,  Sarah  W.,  daughter  of  Col.  James 
Swan,  of  Dorchester,  Mass.  He  became  eminent  in  his  profession,  —  "a  man  of  popular 
talents  and  a  polished  gentleman."  He  delivered  the  oration  for  the  town  authorities, 
July  4,  1803,  which  was  such  a  signal  success  that,  in  1804,  he  was  elected  representative 
to  the  General  Court,  and  afterward  to  the  Senate  or  Council  until  1830,  when  he 
declined  to  serve  longer.  In  181 2  he  pronounced  the  first  oration  before  the  Washington 
Benevolent  Society,  and  delivered  a  discourse  before  the  Pilgrim  Society,  Plymouth,  in 
1829.  He  was  a  member  of  the  convention  on  the  revision  of  the  State  constitution 
in  1820. 

He  was  major  of  the  Independent  Cadets  from  T805  to  1809;  was  elected  to  the 
colonelcy,  which  he  declined  ;  was  brigadier-general  of  the  Boston  brigade  of  State 
militia  from  18 18  to  1822,  but  never  held  any  office  in  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery Company.  He  was  president  of  the  Social  Law  Library  of  Suffolk ;  a  member  of 
several  societies  of  art,  science,  and  history,  and  was  elected  to  the  city  council  on  its 
institution  in  1822.  In  his  last  years  he  devoted  himself  to  literature,  wrote  several 
valuable  books,  and  the  "Political  Class-book,  which  entitles  him  to  the  reputation  of 
having  first  introduced  the  study  of  the  nature  and  principles  of  our  government  in  the 
schools  of  our  land.-'  He  died  Sept.  3,  1839.  His  brother,  Lieut. -Col.  John  Langdon 
Sullivan,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1812,  and  another  brother,  Lieut.-Col.  George 
Sullivan,  in  181 1  and  1819. 

William  Hyslop  Sumner  (1819),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  only  son  of  Gov.  Increase  and 
Elizabeth  (Hyslop)  Sumner,  and  grandson  of  William  Hyslop  (1755),  was  born  in  Rox- 
bury,  July  4,  1780,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1799.  He  married,  (1)  Oct. 
4,  1826,  Mary  Ann  Perry,  who  died  July  14,  1834;  (2)  Dec  13,  1836,  Maria  F.  Green- 
ough,  who  died  Nov.  14,  1843,  and,  (3)  April  14,  1848,  Mary  D.  Kemble.  When 
nineteen  years  of  age,  by  the  death  of  his  grandfather  in  1796,  and  of  his  father  in  1799, 
he  became  attorney  for  his  mother  in  the  management  of  her  half  of  the  large  Hyslop 
estate.  His  mother  died  in  1810,  and  for  several  years  he  had  the  sole  care  of  the 
properties  left  by  his  father  and  mother,  one  of  which  was  Noddle's  Island,  of  six  hundred 
and  sixty  acres. 

Mr.  Sumner  (1819)  was  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  Strong  in  1806  and 
from  1813  to  1816,  and  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  Brooks  (1786)  from  1816  to  1818,  when  he 
was  appointed  by  Gov.  Brooks  (1786)  adjutant-general  of  Massachusetts.  Mr.  Sumner 
(1819)  held  that  and  the  office  of  quartermaster-general  under  Govs.  Brooks  (1786), 
Eustis,  Lincoln,  and  Davis  until  1834,  when,  upon  his  resignation,  Gen.  Dearborn  (1816) 
was  appointed  his  successor.  In  1808,  and  during  the  eleven  succeeding  years,  he  was 
one  of  the  representatives  of  Boston  in  the  General  Court.  On  the  10th  of  September, 
1814,  he  was  appointed  by  Gov.  Strong  an  agent  of  the  State  to  go  "to  the  District  of 
Maine,"  which  was  then  invaded  by  the  British,  and  provide  means  for  the  protection 
of  that  part  of  the  State.  In  December,  18 14,  he  was  appointed  by  the  board  of  war  to 
borrow  money  of  the  banks  and  pay  off  the  troops  which  had  been  called  out  in  Maine. 
In  1816,  Gen.  Sumner  (1819)  was  a  State  agent  to  present  the  Massachusetts  claim  for 
militia  services  during  the  war  to  the  general  government.     In  November,  1826,  he  was 

William   H.  Sumner  (1819).      Authorities:   New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1854;   Sumner's 
Hist,  of  East  Boston;   Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


4IO  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,g,9 

appointed  by  the  secretary  of  war  one  of  a  board,  of  which  Gen.  Scott  was  president,  to 
report  a  system  for  the  reorganization  of  the  militia.  He  commanded  the  Ancient-and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1821.     Gen.  Sumner  (1819)  died  Oct.  24,  1861. 

Samuel  Swett  (1819),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Dr.  John  B.  and  Charlotte  (Bourne) 
Swett,  was  born  in  Newburyport,  June  9,  1782.  He  married,  Aug.  25,  1807,  Lucia, 
daughter  of  Hon.  William  Gray.  She  died  May  15,  1844.  He  attended  school  in 
Newburyport,  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1800,  and  began  to  study  law  in  Exeter, 
N.  H.  In  1801  he  taught  school  in  Roxbury,  after  which  he  continued  his  law  studies 
with  Judge  Charles  Jackson.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Essex  County  bar  in  1804,  and 
opened  an  office  in  Salem.  In  18 10  he  relinquished  law,  removed  to  Boston,  and 
became  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  W.  B.  Swett  &  Co.,  merchants,  No.  n  Foster's 
Wharf. 

He  was  elected,  Sept.  22,  18 12,  the  first  commander  of  the  New  England  Guards, 
Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  served  two 
years.  In  18 14  he  entered  the  army  as  a  volunteer,  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Izard,  in  which 
he  served  as  an  engineer.  After  peace  was  declared  he  visited  Europe,  and  saw  much 
of  the  allied  armies,  concerning  which  he  published  an  account  in  the  Boston  Daily 
Advertiser.  Mr.  Swett  (1819)  was  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  Brooks  (1786) 
from  1818  to  1822  inclusive,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel;  a  member  of  the 
school  committee  of  Boston;  of  the  common  council  in  1823,  and  three  years  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  General  Court.  The  publications  of  Col.  Swett  (1819)  were  contro- 
versial and  critical,  a  partial  list  of  which  is  given  in  the  "  New  England  Historical  and 
Genealogical  Register,"  1867,  page  375.  , 

Mr.  Swett  (1819)  died  at  his  residence  on  Hancock  Street,  Boston,  Oct.  28,  1866. 

George  W.  Thayer  (1819)  was  a  merchant  in  Boston,  of  the  firm  of  Dudley  & 
Thayer,  112  Orange,  now  Washington,  Street.  He  resided  at  No.  1  Pleasant  Street. 
He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in 
1818,  paymaster  of  the  Third  Regiment  from  1819  to  1822  inclusive,  and  adjutant  of 
the  same  in  1823.  He  was  honorably  discharged  by  the  Artillery  Company,  April  17, 
1820,  and  rejoined  in  1821.     He  never  held  office  in  the  Company. 

Benjamin  Winslow  (18 19),  auctioneer,  of  the  firm  of  Winslow,  Channing  &  Co., 
was  located  in  business  at  No.  8  Kilby  Street.  He  resided  on  Purchase  Street.  He 
held  the  office  of  ensign  in  a  Boston  company  from  181 4  to  1816,  and  was  quartermaster 
of  the  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  with  the  rank  of  major,  from  1818  to  1822  inclusive. 

The  Company  met  for  business  and  exercise  March  22,  1819;  also  on  March  29. 

April  5  a  business  meeting  was  held,  and  at  three  o'clock  p.  m.,  April  9,  the  Com- 
pany met  for  field  duty,  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Luke  Richardson  (18 12). 
Previous  to  their  leaving  the  Hall,  Rev.  Thomas  Gray,  of  Roxbury,  was  elected  to 
deliver  the  next  anniversary  sermon.  The  Company  marched  to  the  Common,  went 
through  the  usual  evolutions  and  firings,  then  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall,  and  partook  of 
the  usual  collation. 

Several  meetings  were  held  for  drill  during  April  and  May. 


«5\ucku\.  vuuV  \I(yi\o\w*a\i\e  Ai'tiUetf^  Company. 

—mo-lSCOnpORA'TED  1638.1* 

BOSTON.  V%?^/&  n/f 


TUIS   MAY  CERTIFY,  That 
-&4CC/2  <^c.s  t^&fj&zy&z*'        was  r eg- 
ularly  admitted  a  Member  of  the  Ancient 
^_and  Honourable  Artillery  Company,  on 
the  ^=-^^V^<5     day  ofi^/^j>/'     in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  <0&£tZ'ZZ£& 

.       rJfe*%J>  <^0f7*??fj  Commander. 


CERTIFICATE    OF    MEMBERSHIP,    1819. 


l8,9]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  4I  I 

Friday,  May  7,  the  field-pieces  were  taken  out  to  the  Common,  and  the  volunteer 
artillerists  had  a  careful  drill.1 

May  10,  181 9,  the  committee  previously  appointed  to  revise  the  by-laws  made  their 
report.  These  new  by-laws  were  printed  by  the  Company  in  18 19,  in  connection  with 
a  list  of  all  the  members  of  the  Company  from  1638  to  1819.  The  rules  and  regulations 
then  adopted  were  approved,  Feb.  n,  1820,  by  the  committee  of  the  executive  council, 
to  whom  they  were  referred,  who  recommended  that  the  governor  approve  the  same. 
The  governor  approved  them  the  same  day. 

The  revised  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Company  were  as  follows  :  — 

ARTICLE    I.  OF    ACTIVE    MEMBERS. 

Section  i.  Persons  wishing  to  become  members  may  be  proposed  at  any  meeting 
of  the  Company  by  a  member,  and  the  Clerk  thereupon  shall  make  a  record  thereof  and 
furnish  the  Commanding  Officer  with  a  list  of  all  candidates  in  the  order  they  were 
proposed. 

Section  2.  Every  candidate  shall  stand  proposed  one  meeting  before  he  be  balloted 
for,  and  not  then  admitted,  unless  he  obtains  two  thirds  of  the  votes  of  the  members 
present.  If  admitted,  he  shall  sign  the  Company  Book,  pay  fifteen  dollars,  and  find  two 
sureties  satisfactory  to  the  Commander,  to  be  responsible  for  his  compliance  with  the 
rules  of  the  Company. 

Section  3.  No  person  can  be  an  eligible  candidate  unless  he  be  twenty-one  years 
of  age. 

ARTICLE   II. — OF    HONORARY    MEMBERS. 

Section  i.  Every  active  member,  who  shall  have  performed  duty,  and  complied 
with  the  Regulations  of  the  Company  for  twelve  years,  shall  be  considered  as  placed  on 
the  Honorary  List. 

Section  2.  Active  members  who  have  become  disabled  by  bodily  infirmity  or  are 
exempt  from  Military  duty,  and  have  complied  with  the  Rules  and  Regulations  for  one 
year,  may  be  admitted  by  ballot  as  Honorary  Members,  a  majority  of  the  ballots  of 
the  members  present  constituting  an  election. 

Section  3.  Persons  who  have  not  been  active  members  may  be  admitted  Honorary 
Members. 

Section  4.  A  candidate,  under  the  preceding  section,  shall  stand  proposed  one 
meeting  before  he  is  balloted  for,  and  not  then  admitted  unless  his  name  has  been 
inserted  on  the  notification  of  the  meeting  when  the  ballot  is  to  be  taken,  nor  unless 
he  obtain  two  thirds  of  the  votes  of  the  members  present. 

Section  5.  No  person  shall  be  eligible  as  an  Honorary  Member,  according  to  the 
two  preceding  sections,  under  the  rank  of  a  Colonel,  excepting  the  Aids  to  His 
Excellency  the  Governor  of  the  Commonwealth. 

Section  6  Honorary  Members,  who  have  paid  their  entrance  as  a  member,  and 
who  pay  their  assessment  for  the  anniversary  in  June,  may  be  entitled  to  vote,  and 
eligible  to  office. 

1  "  Yesterday  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil-       arms  and  artillery  wit!)  veteran  precision  and  celer- 
lery,   commanded   by  Col.   Loring   [1810],  held  a       ity."  —Columbian  Centinrt,  May  8,  1819. 
field-day  and  exercised  and  manoeuvred  with  small 


412  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l8,9 


ARTICLE    III.  —  ARMS    AND    UNIFORM. 

Section  i.  The  Officers  and  Privates  of  the  Company  shall  be  furnished  with  arms 
and  equipments,  according  to  law,  from  the  Armory.  The  Non-Commissioned  officers 
to  carry  Halberds. 

Section  2.     The  uniforms  of  the  Company  to  be  as  follows,  viz. :  — 

Hat.  Chapeau  tie  bras,  ornamented  with  a  fantail  cockade,  silver  loup  and  button, 
and  a  full  white  plume,  twelve  inches  long. 

Coat.  Deep  blue  superfine  cloth,  with  red  facings,  and  white  linings;  blue 
shoulder-straps  edged  with  red ;  two  silver-laced  buttonholes  each  side  of  the  collar ; 
diamond  on  each  skirt,  and  white  convex  buttons  stamped  with  the  arms  of  the  State 
and  the  word  "  Commonwealth." 

Waistcoat.     White  Marseilles,  single  breasted,  with  a  standing  collar. 

Small  Clothes.     Fine  white  cassimere,  with  white  metal  buttons  on  the  knees. 

White  Stock  to  be  worn  on  the  Anniversary ;  Black  Stock  on  other  field-days. 

Gaiters.  Fine  white  linen,  to  come  up  to  the  kneepan,  under  the  small  clothes, 
with  black  buttons,  and  a  black  velvet  knee  strap,  with  a  white  buckle,  on  the  anni- 
versary ;  on  other  field-days,  the  gaiters  to  be  of  fine  black  cassimere,  with  black  buttons, 
of  the  same  length  with  the  white  gaiters,  and  worn  to  come  up  over  the  pantaloons ; 
the  Shoe  to  be  short  quartered  and  tied. 

Hair.  Long  hair  to  be  braided  and  turned  up,  and  the  whole  to  wear  powder  on 
the  anniversary. 

Section  3.  Every  member  of  the  Company  shall  be  entitled,  on  admission,  to 
wear  a  Herring-bone  on  the  right  arm  of  his  uniform  coat,  as  a  badge  of  membership. 
Each  member,  on  the  completion  of  seven  years  from  the  time  of  his  admission,  and 
who  has  performed  his  regular  duty  in  the  Company,  shall  be  entitled  to  wear  an 
additional  Herring-bone,  and  shall  also  be  entitled  to  wear  an  additional  Herring-bone  at 
the  completion  of  every  five  years  afterwards  that  he  may  continue  a  member. 

ARTICLE  IV.  —  DUTY  AND  POWER  OF  OFFICERS. 

Section  i.  The  Commanding  Officer  shall  have  power  to  remit  the  fines  of  the 
members  for  non-attendance,  provided  an  excuse  is  offered  to  his  satisfaction  within 
eight  days,  and  shall  give  the  member  thus  excused  a  certificate  authorizing  the  Clerk 
to  remit  the  same. 

Section  2.  He  shall  give  all  his  orders  to  the  Clerk  in  writing,  to  be  by  him 
passed  down,  excepting  those  given  in  presence  of  the  Company  at  the  place  of  parade 
or  exercise. 

Section  3.  He  shall  have  power,  by  and  with  the  advice  of  his  subalterns,  to  grant 
a  furlough  to  any  member  wishing  to  leave  town  for  a  limited  time,  and  retain  his  mem- 
bership, which  furlough  shall  excuse  such  member  from  all  fines  and  assessments  during 
his  absence. 

Section  4.  The  Commissioned  Officers  shall  be  a  Standing  Committee  for  the 
year;  it  shall  be  their  duty  to  determine  who  shall  have  forfeited  their  membership, 
agreeable  to  the  provisions  of  the  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Company,  and  to 
superintend  the  affairs  of  the  Company  generally. 


i8i9]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  413 

Section  5.  The  Commanding  Officer  shall  have  power  to  enlist,  for  the  term  of 
one  year  only,  three  respectable  men  as  drivers  for  the  field-pieces,  provided  the  Com- 
pany thereby  be  put  to  no  expense  for  uniform  or  horses  ;  and  such  drivers,  so  enlisted, 
shall  be  considered  as  belonging  and  attached  to  the  Company  for  the  term  of  their 
enlistment,  and  have  a  certificate  thereof  signed  by  the  Commander  and  countersigned 
by  the  Clerk. 

ARTICLE    V.  —  DUTY    OF    CLERK. 

Section  i.  The  Clerk  shall,  on  receiving  orders  from  the  Commander,  imme- 
diately transmit  the  same  to  the  proper  Officers;  he  shall  insert  the  names  of  all 
candidates  on  the  notifications  for  the  meeting  on  which  they  are  to  be  balloted  for,  and 
for  the  neglect  thereof  shall  pay  a  fine  of  Five  dollars. 

Section  2.  He  shall  immediately,  upon  an  assessment  being  laid,  prepare  and 
exhibit  to  every  member  liable  to  pay  the  same,  a  bill  specifying  the  amount  thereof, 
and  including  all  fines  due  at  the  time.  And  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Clerk  personally 
to  request  the  payment  of  the  same  as  soon  as  may  be ;  and  if  any  members  of  the 
Company  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  pay  the  amount  of  said  assessment  within  the  space 
of  ten  days  from  the  time  the  said  Clerk  shall  so  call  on  him  therefor,  or  within  the 
space  of  twenty  days  from  the  time  the  same  was  voted  by  the  Company  to  be  laid, 
then  the  Clerk  shall  report  the  name  or  names  of  any  such  delinquent  member  at  the 
next  meeting  of  the  Company,  and  in  no  case  shall  the  report  of  such  delinquents  be 
dispensed  with ;  and  the  Clerk  shall  be  personally  responsible  for  all  fines  or  assessments 
which  shall  not  be  collected  or  reported,  agreeable  to  the  foregoing  regulation. 

Section  3.  He  shall  record  all  the  orders  he  receives ;  the  meetings  of  the  Com- 
pany and  business  done  at  said  meetings ;  all  reports  of  committees,  all  admissions  and 
discharges  of  members,  and  for  the  neglect  of  either  of  them  he  shall  pay  a  fine  of 
two  dollars. 

Section  4.  He  shall  keep  a  regular  account  of  all  monies  by  him  received,  and 
shall  pay  the  same  to  the  Treasurer,  once  at  least  in  three  months,  taking  his  receipt 
therefor,  and  for  the  neglect  thereof  shall  pay  a  fine  of  ten  dollars. 

Section  5.  He  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the  Company  at  the  time  ordered, 
under  the  penalty  of  one  dollar  for  each  neglect. 

Section  6.  He  shall  not,  in  any  instance  whatever,  remit  a  fine  to  a  member,  unless 
by  order  of  the  commanding  officer,  under  penalty  of  five  dollars. 

Section  7.  The  Clerk  shall  annually,  before  entering  upon  the  duties  of  his  office, 
viz.,  on  the  first  Monday  in  June,  give  bond  to  the  Company,  with  sufficient  sureties,  in 
the  penal  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars,  conditioned  for  the  faithful  discharge  of  the 
duties  of  his  office  ;  which  bond  shall  be  kept  by  the  Commanding  Officer  of  the  Com- 
pany for  the  time  being,  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  the  Company,  and  shall  never  be 
given  up  or  cancelled  until  a  new  Clerk  has  been  chosen  and  qualified  according  to 
ancient  usage  and  this  regulation,  nor  until  his  accounts  have  been  settled  by  the 
Committee  of  Finance. 

article  vi.  —  duty  of  the  treasurer. 

Section  i.  The  Treasurer  shall  keep  the  funds  of  the  Company,  and  receive  all 
monies  from  the  Clerk,  giving  him  a  receipt  therefor.  All  money  received  for  the 
admission  of  Members  shall  be  added  to  the  funds,  and  the  assessments  and  fines  be 


41 4  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l8l9 

appropriated  to  defray  the  expenses  of  the  Company.     He  shall  pay  all  bills  against  the 
Company  which  may  have  been  approved  by  a  majority  of  the  Committee  of  Finance. 

Section  2.  The  Treasurer  shall  give  bond  in  the  same  way  as  the  Clerk,  in  a  like 
penal  sum,  to  be  kept  by  the  Commanding  Officer  for  the  time  being,  and  not  given  up 
or  cancelled,  but  in  the  same  way  and  manner  that  the  bond  given  by  the  Clerk  is 
.cancelled. 

ARTICLE    VII.  —  DUTY    OF   MEMBERS. 

Section  i.  Every  Active  Member  who  has  not  done  duty  in  the  Company  for  the 
term  of  seven  years,  shall  be  held  liable  to  attend  the  Company  and  Sergeants'  drills 
when  ordered.  Those  who  have  served  more  than  seven  years  and  less  than  twelve 
years,  shall  be  liable  to  attend  the  evening  drill  of  the  Company  next  preceding  each 
field-day,  and  the  three  evening  drills  next  preceding  the  Anniversary  in  June.  And 
it  is  expected  that  all  members  who  have  served  more  than  twelve  years,  and  who  shall 
contemplate  appearing  in  uniform  on  the  anniversary,  will  attend  the  three  evening 
drills  preceding  the  same. 

Section  2.  At  every  meeting  regularly  notified  by  the  Commander,  there  shall  be 
a  first  and  second  Roll-call,  and  every  member  liable  to  attend  said  meeting  absent  at 
one  or  both  Roll-calls,  shall  pay  such  fine  as  is  prescribed  in  the  table  of  fines. 

Section  3.  Every  Member  who  neglects  complying  with  the  Rules  and  Regulations 
of  the  Company  for  one  year  shall  be  notified  thereof  by  the  Clerk,  and  his  name 
returned  to  the  Standing  Committee ;  and  if  he  does  not  within  thirty  days  from  the 
time  of  receiving  such  notification,  render  an  excuse  to  the  satisfaction  of  said  com- 
mittee, he  shall  no  longer  be  considered  a  member,  and  his  name  shall  be  returned  to 
the  commander  of  the  Military  District  in  which  he  resides. 

Section  4.  Any  member  who  shall  divulge  the  names  of  candidates  elected  for 
officers  previously  to  the  anniversary,  or  who  shall  repeat  any  observations  made  respect- 
ing the  character  of  any  candidate  for  admission,  to  any  person  not  a  member,  shall  be 
liable  to  be  dismissed  from  the  Company  by  a  majority  of  the  votes  of  the  members 
present. 

article  viil  — fines  for  non-commissioned  officers. 

Section  i.  Non-attendance  at  drill,  50  cts. ;  non-attendance  at  a  meeting,  first 
Roll-call,  25  cts. ;  if  absent  the  whole  evening,  50  cts. ;  on  the  three  evenings  for  exer- 
cise preceding  the  Anniversary,  non-attendance  first  Roll-call,  $1.25  ;  non-attendance 
the  whole  evening,  #2.50;  absent  on  field-days,  $2.00;  neglecting  to  notify  the  Company 
in  season,  75  cts. 

fines  for  members. 

Section  2.  Non-attendance  at  drills,  50  cts. ;  non-attendance  at  a  meeting,  first 
Roll-call,  25  cts. ;  if  absent  the  whole  evening,  50  cts. ;  on  the  three  evenings  for  exer- 
cise preceding  the  Anniversary,  non-attendance  at  first  Roll-call,  $1  ;  non-attendance 
the  whole  evening,  $2  ;  absent  on  field-days,  $2. 

ARTICLE   IX. EXEMPTIONS    FROM    FINES   AND   ASSESSMENTS. 

Section  i.  Honorary  Members  are  exempted  from  all  fines  and  assessments, 
except  the  assessment  to  defray  the  expense  of  the  Anniversary. 

Section  2.  Active  Members  living  out  of  town  are  exempt  from  all  drill  fines 
excepting  the  three  drill  evenings  next  preceding  the  election  of  officers  in  June. 


,8,9]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  415 

Section  3.  Active  Members  who  have  served  more  than  seven  years  are  exempt 
from  all  drill  fines,  excepting  the  fine  for  non-attendance  on  the  evening  drill  of  the 
Company  next  preceding  the  field-day,  and  the  three  drill  evenings  next  preceding  the 
election  in  June. 

ARTICLE    X.  —  OF    COMMITTEES. 

Section  i.  Every  member  appointed  on  a  committee,  if  he  accepts,  shall  duly 
attend  to  the  duty  assigned  him,  at  the  time  and  place  appointed  by  trie  Chairman, 
which  office  shall  be  filled  by  the  first  member  chosen ;  and  every  committee  shall  make 
report  of  their  doings  at  the  next  meeting  after  they  are  elected. 

Section  2.  There  shall  be  chosen  by  the  Company  at  the  first  drill  meeting  in 
May  annually,  a  committee  of  three  to  continue  in  office  one  year,  who  shall  be  styled 
a  Committee  of  Finance  and  Ways  and  Means.  And  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  com- 
mittee, so  chosen,  to  examine  the  state  of  the  Company's  finances,  accounts  and  funds 
from  time  to  time,  and  make  report  thereof  as  often  as  expedient,  and  particularly  to 
examine  and  approve  such  bills  against  the  Company  as  are  just  and  reasonable  ;  to 
report  from  time  to  time  what  assessments  may  be  necessary  to  defray  the  current 
expenses ;  to  guard  against  the  Company's  contracting  debts  beyond  the  amount  of  the 
assessment  laid,  and  to  see  that  the  entrance  money  paid  by  members  is  applied  to 
increase  the  funds ;  to  examine  the  records  of  the  Clerk,  and,  at  the  last  drill  meeting 
previous  to  the  election  of  officers  in  June,  to  make  an  annual  report  upon  the  Treas- 
urer's and  Clerk's  accounts,  and  return  an  inventory  of  the  funds  and  property  of  the 
Company. 

ARTICLE  XI. GENERAL  REGULATIONS. 

Section  i.  The  field-days  are:  for  the  election  of  officers  the  first  Monday  in 
June  annually,  and  the  Friday  next  preceding  the  first  Monday  of  April,  and  the  first 
Mondays  in  May,  September,  and  October,  if  suitable  weather ;  if  not,  on  the  Friday 
following. 

Section  2.  No  revision  or  alteration  of  the  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Company 
shall  be  made  the  same  evening  it  is  proposed,  nor  unless  notice  thereof  has  been 
inserted  on  the  notifications  for  the  meeting  when  the  same  is  intended  to  be  acted 
upon,  which  notification  shall  be  sent  to  every  member. 

Section  3.  No  assessment  shall  be  laid,  or  money  appropriated,  at  any  meeting 
except  it  be  at  the  Monday  evening  next  preceding  the  regular  field-day  or  the  three 
drill  evenings  of  the  Company  next  preceding  the  anniversary,  unless  notice  thereof  be 
inserted  on  the  notifications,  as  prescribed  in  the  preceding  section. 

Section  4.  No  vote  shall  be  reconsidered  by  a  less  number  of  members  than  was 
present  at  the  time  of  its  passing,  provided  the  numbers  were  then  called  for. 

Monday  evening,  May  24,  the  Company  met  for  drill,  and  on  the  next  Thursday 
evening  they  met  "  at  the  vestry  of  the  new  church  in  School  Street,"  on  business. 
Preparations  were  there  made  for  the  anniversary.  A  public  parade  for  drill  was  held  in 
the  afternoon  of  May  27,  and  an  evening  drill  May  31. 

The  exhaustive  report  made  by  the  finance  committee  in  1819  says:  "During  the 
year,  by  the  liberality  of  the  Commonwealth,  two  field-pieces,  three-pounders,  bearing 
the  patriotic  names  of  Hancock  and  Adams,  with  tumbril,  harnesses,  apparatus,  and 
implements  complete,  and  one  year's  stock  of  powder,  have  become  the  property  of 
the  Company." 


4l6  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [lglg 

At  a  meeting  held  Thursday  afternoon,  for  exercise  with  the  cannon  and  for  business, 
the  following  letter  was  presented  :  — 

Quincv,  June  i,  1819. 
To  the  A.  and  H.  A.  Company  : 

Gentlemen,  —  Accept  my  thanks  for  your  polite  invitation  to  your  anniversary 
dinner,  at  Faneuil  Hall,  on  the  7th  of  this  month.  Nothing  would  give  me  greater 
pleasure  than  to  meet  a  society  which  I  have  held  in  veneration  from  my  earliest  youth, 
and  to  whom  I  attribute,  in  a  great  degree,  that  valor  and  military  skill,  science,  and 
discipline  which  have  contributed  so  much  to  the  present  prosperity  and  glory  of  the 
United  States.  But  if  I  should  not  appear  at  your  festival,  which  I  ardently  desire, 
my  uncommon  age  and  various  infirmities  must  be  the  apology  of  your  most  respectful 
humble  servant  and  fellow-citizen,  John  Adams. 

Monday,  June  7,  the  Company  met,  in  compliance  with  orders  and  ancient  usage, 
to  celebrate  their  anniversary.  Fifty-four  members,  including  the  officers,  were  present. 
The  governor  and  other  guests  were  received  as  usual ;  the  sermon  was  delivered  by 
Rev.  Thomas  Gray,  of  Roxbury,  in  the  church  in  Chauncy  Place,  and  dinner  was  served 
in  Faneuil  Hall.  The  second  toast  was,  "The  Commander-in-Chief :  the  Warrior,  the 
Statesman,  the  Patriot,  who  honors  the  Commonwealth  which  honors  him."  The  third 
was,  "The  President  of  the  United  States."     The  eleventh  was  "Massachusetts"  — 

"Though  round  thy  shores  rude  surges  swell, 
And  wild  the  rough  north  tempests  beat, 
Arms,  Arts,  and  Science  here  shall  dwell, 
And  Virtue  breathe  her  holiest  spell, 
With  Freedom  in  her  rocky  seat." 

The  twelfth,  "  The  Memory  of  Washington.  Sainted  shade  !  words  are  too  poor  to  tell 
thy  matchless  fame."  This  was  drank  standing,  in  solemn  silence.  Thirteen  regular 
toasts  were  offered,  and  volunteer  toasts  by  the  governor,  lieutenant-governor,  Spanish 
consul,  and  Hon.  Mr.  Holmes,  of  Maine.  The  election  was  held  on  the  Common,  the 
day  being  unusually  fine ;  the  old  officers  returned  their  badges  of  office,  which  by  the 
governor  were  conferred  upon  those  newly  elected. 

Meetings  were  frequently  held  during  the  summer,  at  nearly  all  of  which  recruits 
were  received  into  the  ranks  of  the  Company. 

At  a  meeting  held  for  field  duty,  Sept.  6,  18 19,  the  commander,  Major  Thomas 
Dean  (1806),  before  leaving  the  Hall,  read  to  the  Company  a  copy  of  a  letter  which  he 
wrote  to  Mr.  Thomas  Bumstead  (1764),  viz. :  — 

Mr.  Thomas  Bumstead:  Boston,  Aug.  31,  1819. 

Esteemed  Sir, —  The  A.  &  H.  A.  Company,  which  I  have  the  honor  to  command, 
have  lately  published  a  roll  of  all  the  members  thereof  since  the  first  foundation  of  the 
Company.  They  have  discovered  that  there  are  but  seventeen  now  living  who  were 
members  before  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  that  you,  sir,  are  the  oldest  on  the  roll  of 
that  seventeen.  The  Company  will  feel  themselves  highly  gratified  and  honored  if  you, 
sir,  with  such  others  of  the  seventeen  as  can  conveniently  attend,  would  condescend  to 
receive  the  usual  military  salute  at  your  home,  on  the  next  field-day  of  the  Company, 
which  will  be  on  Monday  next  if  the  weather  is  suitable  ;  if  not,  on  the  Friday  follow- 
ing, in  the  afternoon.     This  is  intended  by  the  Company  as  a  token  of  the  veneration, 


,8i9]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  417 

respect,  and  esteem  which  the  present  members  have  towards  the  surviving  members 
before  the  Revolution.     Accept,  sir,  the  assurances  of  my  highest  respect. 

Thomas  Dean, 
Captain  A.  cV  H.  A.  Company. 

Copy  of  a  letter  from  John  Bumstead,  son  of  Thomas  (1764),  to  Thomas  Dean 

(1806)  :  — 

Boston,  Sept.  3,  181 9. 

Dear  Sir,  —  My  father  being  infirm  has  desired  me  to  reply  to  your  very  compli- 
mentary letter  of  31st  ult.,  expressing  the  wish  of  the  A.  &  H.  A.  Company,  commanded 
by  you,  to  pay  on  their  next  field-day  the  usual  military  salutes,  at  his  home,  to  the 
surviving  members  of  that  Company  who  were  attached  to  it  prior  to  the  Revolutionary 
War.  The  intended  honor  and  manner  is  particularly  gratifying  to  him.  He  requests 
you,  in  inviting  the  old  members  for  this  purpose,  to  ask  such  of  the  honorary  members, 
or  friends,  as  you  may  think  agreeable  and  proper,  to  meet  at  his  home.  He  also  asks 
the  honor  of  a  call  from  the  present  officers  and  members  of  the  Company  on  that  day. 
Accept  his  best  wishes  for  the  continued  prosperity  and  fame  of  the  Company,  and  his 
personal  regard,  through,  dear  sir,  your  obedient  servant,  John  Bumstead. 

To  Major  Thomas  Dean,  Commander  0/  the  A.  cV  H.  A.  Company. 

In  accordance  with  the  above  correspondence,  the  Artillery  Company  left  Faneuil 
Hall  at  three  o'clock  p.  m.,  and  proceeded  to  the  residence  of  Mr.  Thomas  Bumstead 
(1764),  and  paid  him  and  the  other  elderly  members  a  standing  and  marching  salute, 
after  which  the  Company  were  invited  into  his  house  to  take  a  glass  of  wine  with  the 
veterans  of  the  Company.  The  famous  "  Burgoyne  bowl  "  was  full  to  the  rim,  —  it  held 
ten  gallons,  —  and  the  table  was  laden  with  the  choicest  fruits  of  the  season.  Thence 
the  Company  marched  to  the  Common,  went  through  many  evolutions  and  firings,  and 
then  proceeded  to  the  commander's  residence,  where  a  bountiful  collation  was  provided. 
The  Company  returned  to  Mr.  Bumstead's  (1764),  and  escorted  the  ancient  members 
to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  the  day  was  finished  in  "  reciprocating  good  wishes  for  health, 
prosperity,  and  happiness,  much  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Company." 

Sixteen  only  of  those  who  were  members  of  the  Company  previous  to  the  Revolu- 
tion were  then  living,  eight  of  whom  were  present  at  Major  Bumstead's  (1764),  viz., 
Major  Thomas  Bumstead  (1764),  aged  seventy-nine  years;  Capt.  Joseph  Pierce  (1769), 
aged  seventy-four;  Mr.  Samuel  Belknap  (1773),  aged  sixty- eight ;  Capt.  William  Todd 
(1773),  agec*  seventy-two;  Lieut.  William  Homes  (1766),  aged  seventy-eight;  Capt. 
John  Simpkins  (1769),  aged  seventy-nine;  Capt.  Joseph  Eaton  (1773),  aged  seventy, 
and  Capt.  Nathaniel  Call  (1774),  aged  seventy-four,  making  a  total  of  five  hundred  and 
ninety-four  years.1 

'"Old  Artillery  Company.  joined  it  in  various  years  prior  to  1775,  eight  of 
"On  Monday  [Sept.  6,  1819]  the  corps  of  whom  were  present.  The  united  ages  of  the  six  - 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery,  under  Major  teen  exceed  eleven  hundred  years.  After  paying 
Dean  [1806],  commenced  its  autumnal  tour  of  field  the  usual  salutes,  the  Company  were  invited  to 
duty.  The  occasion  was  embraced  to  pay  military  partake,  with  their  brothers  of  'olden  times,'  of  a 
honors  to  the  oldest  surviving  member  of  the  Com-  plentiful  banquet,  part  of  which  had  been  prepared 
pany,  Capt.  Thomas  Bumstead  [1764],  at  his  resi-  in  the  'Burgoyne  bowl;  of  the  capacity  often  gal- 
dence  in  Bumstead  Place,  where  the  master  of  the  Ions,  — a  stake  which  depended  for  its  ownership 
mansion  had  invited  all  the  surviving  members  who  on  the  surrender  of  the  general  of  that  name,  in 
were  enrolled  in  the  corps  previous  to  the  American  the  capture  of  whom  many  of  the  Company  con- 
Revolution,  together  with  the  honorary  members  of  tributed  their  services.  ..."  —  Columbian  Centinel, 
later  periods.  Capt.  Bumstead  joined  the  Company  Wednesday,  Sept.  8,  1819. 
in  1764,  and  there  are  fifteen  others  now  living  who 


4l8  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,g20 

The  following  anecdote  was  related  by  Major  Bumstead  (1764)  on  that  day  :  Major 
Paddock  (1762),  a  loyalist,  bet  that  the  news  of  the  capture  of  Burgoyne's  army  was 
not  true;  Major  Bumstead  (1764)  bet  that  it  was.  On  a  certain  afternoon,  when  the 
news  had  been  confirmed,  a  number  of  the  Company  met  at  Major  Bumstead's  (1764) 
to  drink  the  bowl  of  punch.  When  assembled,  a  new  wager  was  laid  that  no  one  could 
lift  the  bowl  filled  with  punch  to  his  lips,  drink,  and  replace  it  in  safety  on  the  table. 
All  attempted  in  vain  except  Daniel  Rea  (1789),  who  performed  it,  and  won  the  second 
wager.     From  this  bowl  the  Company  partook  on  the  6th  of  September,  1819. 

A  public  parade  was  held  Oct.  4,  when  the  Company  exercised  on  the  Common. 

Nov.  30,  1819,  an  order  was  issued  by  Major  Dean  (1806),  informing  the  Company 
of  the  death  of  Brig.- Gen.  John  Winslow  (1786),  and  "requesting  the  attendance  of  the 
honorary  and  active  members  at  the  funeral  services,"  which  were  held  on  Wednesday, 
Dec.  1,  at  the  family  residence  on  Purchase  Street.1 

Rev.  Thomas  Gray  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1819.  He  was  born 
in  Boston,  March  16,  1772,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1790.  He  married  a 
daughter  of  Rev.  Samuel  Stillman,  of  Boston, —  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election 
sermon  in  1770, —  and  by  Rev.  Mr.  Stillman,  Mr.  Gray  was  prepared  for  the  ministry. 
Mr.  Gray  began  to  preach  in  Roxbury,  "in  the  Third  Parish  or  precinct,"  April  22,  1792, 
being  the  second  pastor  of  this  (now  Unitarian)  church,  and  the  successor  of  Rev. 
William  Gordon,  D.  D.,  who  was  invited  to  deliver  the  Artillery  sermon  in  1775.  The 
last  named  left  America  for  England,  March  17,  1786,  that  he  might  publish  in  London 
his  history  of  the  American  Revolution.  For  seven  years  the  church  had  been  without 
a  pastor,  and  when  Mr.  Gray  began  his  pastorate  the  society  contained  but  fifty-four 
families.  Mr.  Gray  was  ordained  to  the  gospel  ministry,  and  was  installed  over  the 
church  as  its  -pastor  March  27,  1793.  For  more  than  half  a  century  he  labored  here, 
and  left  the  society  prosperous  and  united.  He  died  June  1,  1847.  Two  of  his  his- 
torical discourses,  "Notice  of  Rev.  John  Bradford,  and  Sketch  of  Roxbury  Churches," 
1825,  a  "Half-Century  Sermon,"  1842,  and  his  sermon  before  the  Ancient  and  Honor- 
able Artillery  Company,  were  printed. 


8  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in   1820  were:  George 

20.  Welles  (1807),  captain;   John  L.  Phillips  (1813),  lieutenant;   John   Park 
(1812),  ensign.     James  N.  Staples  (1816)  was  first  sergeant;    Ira  Brown 
(1816),  second  sergeant;  Ebenezer  Goodrich  (1814),  third  sergeant;  Ephraim  Whitney 
(1816),   fourth    sergeant;    Andrew   Sigourney,    Esq.   (1806),    treasurer;    Zachariah    G. 
Whitman  (1810),  clerk,  and  David  W.  Bradlee  (1811),  armorer. 

1  "On  Monday  last  [Nov.  29,  1819],  Gen.  John  of  major-general  of  the  First  Division.      He  sus- 

Winslow  [1786],  aged  67.      He  was  educated  a  tained,   likewise,   numerous    civil    and    municipal 

merchant,  and  at  the  first  dawn  of  the  American  offices  with  ability  and  undeviating  integrity;   and, 

Revolution  led  a  company  of  artillerists  against  the  at  his  decease,  was  treasurer  of  the  county  of  Suf- 

invaders  of  his  country,  and  shared  all  the  dangers,  folk,  and  inspector-general  of  nails.     He  was  a  man 

fatigues,  and  deprivations  of  the  campaigns  which  of  extensive,    but   unostentatious,   benevolence,   a 

preceded  the  capture  of  Burgoyne's  army.     After  cheerful,  but  sincere,  Christian,   and   the  best   of 

the  war,  he  was  assiduous  to  discipline  the  militia  citizens     and     of    men."  —  Columbian     Centinel, 

of  his   native   place,  and    passed   through   all    the  Wednesday,  Dec.  I,   1819. 
grades  of  office  until  he  received  the  appointment 


1820J  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  419 

The  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  1820  were  :  Samuel  A.  Belknap, 
Martin  Brimmer,  Christopher  A.  Brown,  William  W.  Clapp,  Benjamin  Darling,  Ephraim 
Dodge,  Coates  Evans,  Stephen  Fairbanks,  Alexander  H.  Gibbs,  Nathaniel  Guild,  Caleb 
Hartshorn,  Calvin  Hatch,  George  A.  Hodges,  William  H.  Hunt,  Theodore  Lyman,  Jr., 
Peter  Mackintosh,  Jr.,  John  Muzzy,  Thaddeus  Page,  Samuel  H.  Parker,  Joseph  S.  Porter, 
James  Talbot,  Andrew  G.  Winslow,  Nehemiah  Wyman. 

Samuel  A.  Belknap  (1820),  jeweller,  at  30  Cornhill,  Boston,  was  ensign  of  a 
company  in  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1820  and  1821. 
He  paraded  with  the  Company  in  1822,  and  was  discharged  March  24,  1825. 

Martin  Brimmer  (1820),  merchant,  of  the  firm  of  Isaac  Winslow  &  Co.,  49  Long 
Wharf,  was  a  son  of  Martin  and  Sarah  (Watson)  Brimmer,  and  was  born  in  Roxbury, 
June  8,  1793.  He  was  prepared  for  college  by  Rev.  W.  H.  Jenks,  D.  D.,  and  graduated 
at  Harvard  in  1814.  When  at  college  he  was  captain  of  the  University  Corps.  Pre- 
ferring mercantile  business,  he  entered  the  store  of  Theodore  Lyman,  Jr.  (1820),  in 
Boston,  but  was  subsequently  engaged  in  trade  with  Isaac  Winslow,  of  the  same  city. 
He  was  an  alderman  of  Boston  in  1838,  and  was  mayor  of  that  city  two  years,  1843 
and   1844. 

He  was  much  interested  in  education,  and  caused  "The  School  and  Schoolmaster," 
an  excellent  work,  to  be  printed  and  distributed  at  his  own  expense  to  every  school 
district  in  Massachusetts.  He  also  cultivated  a  great  interest  in  the  militia.  He  was 
ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1815, 
1816,  and  1817,  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1818,  captain  of  the  Rangers  from  1819  to 
1822  inclusive,  and  brigade-major  under  Gen.  Lyman  (1820)  from  1823  to  1826  inclu- 
sive. He  was  captain  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  1826.  In 
1845,  soon  after  the  reorganization  of  the  Independent  Corps  of  Cadets,  he  was  its 
commander. 

In  1829  Mr.  Brimmer  (1820)  married  Harriet  E.  Wadsworth,  of  Genesee,  N.  Y. 
She  died  in  the  island  of  Cuba,  Jan.  1,  1833,  and  he  died  April  25,  1847. 

"  Martin  Brimmer,  Esq.  [1820],  late  mayor  of  this  city,  was  on  Saturday  seized  with 
a  rush  of  blood  upon  the  brain,  which  from  the  first  attack  left  no  hope  of  his  recovery. 
He  survived,  however,  until  three  o'clock  yesterday  morning,  when  he  expired. 

"Mr.  Brimmer  [1820]  was  a  man  of  the  most  amiable  and  upright  character,  a 
gentleman  without  reproach,  and  a  most  useful  citizen.  Besides  the  office  of  mayor,  the 
duties  of  which  he  discharged  with  independence  and  good  judgment,  he  has  filled 
various  public  stations,  and  always  in  a  manner  fully  justifying  the  confidence  reposed 
in  him.  His  loss  will  be  sincerely  felt,  and  his  sudden  death  deeply  deplored,  not  only 
by  a  numerous  circle  of  friends,  but  by  the  public  at  large."1 

Christopher  A.  Brown  (1820)  was  a  shopkeeper,  of  Charlestown.  He  rose  to  the 
grade  of  lieutenant  in  the  Charlestown  Phalanx  ;  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany ;  paraded  in  1822,  and  was  discharged  March  24,  1825. 

Martin  Brimmer  (1820).     Authority:  New  England  Biographies,  Vol.  I.,  p.  306. 
1  Boston  Advertiser,  April  26,  1847. 


420  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT   AND  [1820 

William  W.  Clapp  (1820),  printer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Bela  (1789)  and  Sarah 
(Warland)  Clapp,  was  born  in  Boston,  Nov.  2,  1783.  He  served  an  apprenticeship  of 
seven  years  with  Young  &  Minns,  publishers  of  the  Massachusetts  Mercury.  He  subse- 
quently published  the  Gazette  of  Maine  six  years.  In  1813  he  issued  proposals  for  the 
publication  of  the  Boston  Daily  Advertiser,  the  first  daily  paper  in  Boston,  which  he 
established  and  subsequently  sold  to  Nathan  Hale.  He  then  became  publisher  of  the 
Hampshire  Gazette,  but  soon  returned  to  Boston  and  bought  the  Saturday  Evening 
Gazette,  which  he  owned  for  thirty  years.  In  1822  he  established  the  first  daily  evening 
paper  in  Boston.  He  married,  Dec.  6,  1807,  Hannah  W.  Lane,  of  Boston,  and  died 
April  30,  1866. 

His  father  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1789,  and  his  son,  William  Warland,  Jr., 
in  1851. 

Lieut.  Clapp  (1820)  was  adjutant  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  18 17  to  1821  inclusive.  He  never  held 
any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Benjamin  Darling  (1820),  of  Boston,  by  trade  was  a  plumber  and  glazier,  but  in 
1820  he  kept  a  paint  store  at  No.  61  Broad  Street,  and  resided  on  Hamilton  Street. 
He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1813,  lieutenant  of  the  same  from  1814  to  1817 
inclusive,  and  commanded  the  Winslow  Blues  from  1818  to  1822  inclusive.  He  was  first 
sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822,  and  second  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1825. 

Ephraim  Dodge  (1820)  was  an  innkeeper  in  South  Boston.  He  was  ensign  of  a 
company  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1820  and  182 1,  and 
was  commander  of  a  company  in  South  Boston  from  1822  to  1824  inclusive,  when  that 
section  was  set  off  as  a  company  by  itself. 

In  1829  Mr.  Dodge  (1820)  commenced  running  a  hack  from  South  Boston  to 
Boston  proper,  which  was  the  first  public  conveyance  between  those  districts.  He  soon 
purchased  two  omnibuses  and  put  on  the  line,  running  to  and  from  the  city  every  hour ; 
fare,  ninepence.  Broadway  not  then  being  in  a  good  condition  for  wheels,  his  route  lay 
over  the  old  bridge  and  up  Fourth  Street.  In  1838  the  Warren  Association  established 
an  opposition  line,  and  having  reduced  the  fare  to  six  cents,  Mr.  Dodge  (1820),  "the 
enterprising  pioneer  in  the  business,"  discontinued  his  coaches.  In  less  than  two  years 
the  association  sold  out. 

Coates  Evans  (1820)  is  called  a  trader,  of  Boston,  but  his  name  does  not  appear 
in  the  Boston  Directory  of  1820.  He  was  not  prominent  in  the  militia,  nor  did  he  hold 
office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  He  paraded  with  the  Company  in  1822,  but  he  was 
discharged  March  24,  1825. 

Stephen  Fairbanks  (1820),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Israel,  Jr.,  and  Anna 
(Whiting)  Fairbanks,  was  born  in  Dedham,  Feb.  5,  1784.  He  married,  in  1807,  Abby 
Parker.     His  parents  removed  to  Francestown,  N.  H.,  when  Stephen  (1820)  was  fifteen 

William  W.  Clapp  (1820).     Authorities:  Ephraim  Dodge  (1820).    Authority:  Hist. 

Clapp  Memorial;  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,       of  South  Boston,  by  David  Clapp. 
i860,  1866.  Stephen    Fairbanks   (1820).     Authority: 

Annals  of  Mass.  Char.  Mech.  Association. 


,82oJ  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  42  I 

years  of  age,  at  which  time  he  came  to  Boston  and  was  apprenticed  to  a  saddler  and 
harness-maker.  When  twenty-one  years  of  age  he  went  into  business  for  himself.  A 
few  years  after  he  left  his  trade,  and  opened  a  hardware  store,  —  firm  name  Fairbanks 
&  Loring,  importers  of  hardware,  which  in  1829  became  Fairbanks,  Loring  &  Co. 
Stephen  Fairbanks  (1820)  retired  from  the  concern  in  1846,  when  he  became  connected 
with  the  Western  Railroad  Corporation.  He  was  chosen  a  director,  Feb.  n,  1846,  and 
in  1848  was  elected  its  treasurer.     He  held  this  office  for  eighteen  years. 

He  joined  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  in  1804;  was  its 
president  in  1835,  1836,  and  1837,  and  very  active  in  the  interests  of  the  society.  He 
served  on  the  school  committee  of  Boston ;  was  a  member  of  the  lower  branch  of  the 
Legislature  and  of  the  Senate,  and  an  active  member  of  many  of  the  charitable  institu- 
tions of  Boston.  He  was  quartermaster  of  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  in  1810  and  181 1,  adjutant  of  the  same  from  1812  to  1817  inclusive,  and 
brigade-major  from  18 19  to  1822  inclusive. 

He  died  Sept.  10,  1866. 

Alexander  Hamilton  Gibbs  (1820),  merchant,  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Caleb  and  Cath- 
erine Gibbs,  was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  2,  1791.  He  married,  Nov.  25,  1816,  Ellen  Mary 
Hatch,  in  Roxbury.  He  was  a  man  of  remarkably  fine  appearance  and  soldierly  bearing, 
and  was  very  much  interested  in  the  military.  At  the  age  of  twenty-one,  he  united  with 
the  Fusileers,  and  in  1815  served  as  ensign  of  that  company,  in  the  First  Regiment, 
Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia.  In  1816-7  he  was 
lieutenant  of  the  same  company.  Major  Gibbs  (1820)  founded  the  Norfolk  Guards,  of 
Roxbury,  in  18 18,  and  was  its  first  commander.     This  company  disbanded  in  1855.     In 

1819  he  was  promoted  to  be  brigade  quartermaster,  First  Brigade,  First  Division;  in 

1820  was  an  aide  to  Gen.  Dearborn  (1816),  and  in  1821  was  appointed  brigade-major, 
First  Brigade,  First  Division  He  was  second  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in 
182 1,  and  its  captain  in  1823.  He  became  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and 
A.  M.,  of  Boston,  in  1815.     He  died  suddenly,  in  Boston,  March  5,  1827. 

"Society  has  lost  a  very  valuable  member.  Major  Gibbs  [1820]  was  a  public- 
spirited,  active  citizen,  always  prompt  to  perform  his  whole  duty,  as  was  exhibited  in  his 
zeal  in  several  of  our  military  associations,  in  his  punctual  and  energetic  performance  of 
duty  as  an  engineer  in  our  new  fire  department,  and  in  the  faithfulness  to  the  govern- 
ment and  urbanity  to  the  citizens  with  which  he  always  conduced  as  an  officer  of  the 
customs.  At  the  early  age  of  thirty  he  was  elected  to  the  command  of  the  Artillery 
Company.  In  all  the  relations  of  private  life,  he  was  uniformly  exemplary,  —  a  kind  and 
judicious  father,  a  faithful  and  affectionate  husband,  a  generous,  true,  and  constant 
friend.  His  well-proportioned,  athletic,  and  graceful  form  gave  to  human  view  a  pros- 
pect of  long  life,  and  a  few  days  since  he  was  in  the  midst  of  us,  full  of  health,  activity, 
and  usefulness  ;  but  God  has  changed  his  countenance,  and  sent  him  away,  as  we  humbly 
trust  and  believe,  to  receive  the  reward  promised  to  the  faithful  and  just."  ] 

He  was  a  member  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  and,  upon  his  decease,  Rev.  Mr.  Porter 
delivered  a  funeral  sermon. 

Nathaniel  Guild  (1820),  housewright,  of  Dedham,  son  of  Joseph  and  Miriam 
(Draper)  Guild,  was  born  in  that  town,  Jan.  3,  1778.     He  married  (published),  June  10, 

1  Boston  Patriot,  Chronicle,  and  Palladium  of  March  9,  1827. 


422  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1820 


1810,  Miss  Hannah  Tyler,  of  Attleboro,  who  died  Aug.  19,  1825.  He  died  at  Dedham, 
Aug.  26,  1845. 

Gen.  Guild  (1820)  was  chief  marshal  in  1836,  upon  the  occasion  of  the  two  hun- 
dredth anniversary  of  the  incorporation  of  the  town  of  Dedham.  He  served  in  the 
militia  for  many  years,  becoming  major  of  the  First  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  First 
Division,  in  1813  and  1814,  and  brigadier-general  of  the  Second  Brigade,  First  Division, 
from  1815  to  1823  inclusive,  being  in  1824  succeeded  in  that  position  by  Gen.  Josiah  S. 
Fisher  (1821). 

Caleb  Hartshorn  (1820),  hatter,  of  Boston,  son  of  Major  Samuel  and  Mary  Harts- 
horn, was  born  in  Walpole,  Jan.  17,  1785.     He  married Mackey,  of  Boston,  where 

they  settled,  lived,  and  died.  His  hat  and  glove  store,  in  1820,  was  No.  19  Cornhill. 
He  was  lieutenant  in  the  Fusileers,  —  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,— 
in  1815,  captain  in  the  same  from  1816  to  1818  inclusive,  and  major  from  1819  to  1822 
inclusive,  and  subsequently  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regiment.  He  was  a 
trustee  of  the  Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  in  18 17,  1818,  and  1819. 
He  was  elected  an  honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company,  May  30,  1828. 

Calvin  Hatch  (1820)  was  a  tailor  in  Boston.  He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the 
Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  1820  to  1822,  lieutenant  of  the 
same  in  1823,  and  captain  from  1824  to  1827  inclusive.  He  paraded  with  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1822,  and  was  discharged  May  12,  1823. 

George  A.  Hodges  (1820),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Jonathan  Hodges  and  his 
wife,  Elizabeth  Ropes,  daughter  of  Hon.  Nathaniel  Ropes,  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
both  of  Salem,  was  born  in  that  town  Sept.  21,  1794.  He  married,  at  "  Cherry  Hill," 
Beverly,  Oct.  9,  181 7,  Abigail  E.,  daughter  of  Capt.  Henry  and  Phebe  (Browne)  White, 
of  Salem.  He  died  in  Salem,  Oct.  24,  1863  ;  his  wife  died  on  the  23d  of  March  next 
preceding.  At  the  time  of  his  marriage,  and  until  about  1830,  he  was  a  merchant  on 
India  Wharf,  Boston.  He  then  established  himself  in  business  in  Philadelphia  as  a 
commission  merchant,  but  at  the  expiration  of  five  years,  Mrs.  Hodges'  health  failing, 
he  returned  to  New  England,  and  resided  in  Lowell  until  1844,  when  he  removed  to 
Boston,  and  finally  to  his  native  place.  He  was  paralyzed  during  the  last  five  years  of 
his  life,  but  his  mind  was  clear  and  active,  and  he  kept  himself  informed  of  all  that  was 
transpiring  around  him  in  politics,  etc.  The  decease  of  his  wife  caused  his  interest  in 
worldly  affairs  to  cease,  and  he  soon  followed  her  to  his  rest. 

He  was  commissioned  an  ensign  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1819,  lieutenant  from  1820  to  1822,  and 
captain  in  1823  and  1824.     He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

William  H.  Hunt  (1820),  carpenter,  of  Boston,  son  of  John  and  Rebecca  (Hicks) 
Hunt,  of  Watertown,  was  born  in  that  town  Oct.  5,  1795.  He  served  as  ensign  in  the 
Massachusetts  militia  in  1820  and  1821.  His  brother,  Capt.  James  Hunt,  joined  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1823.  Ensign  William  H.  (1820)  died  at  Montreal,  Canada, 
Sept.  29,  1824. 

Theodore  Lyman,  Jr.  (1820),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Theodore  Lyman,  was 
born  in  Boston,  Feb.  22,  1792.     Rev.  Joseph  S.  Buckingham  was  for  some  years  his 


,82o]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  423 

private  teacher,  but  in  1804  he  entered  Phillips  Academy,  at  Exeter,  and  in  1810 
graduated  at  Harvard  College.  He  was  in  Europe  from  1814  to  1819.  He  married 
Mary  Elizabeth  Henderson,  of  New  York. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of  Representatives  in  1824,  and  a 
State  senator  in  1825.  He  delivered  the  oration  in  the  city  of  Boston,  July  4,  1820. 
Gen.  Lyman  (1820)  had  a  taste  for  military  affairs.  He  was  elected  lieutenant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  182 1,  at  which  time,  says  Mr.  Whitman  (1810),  "he  had  no 
practical  knowledge  of  military  tactics.  By  the  unexpected  absence  of  Gen.  Sumner 
[1819],  one  drill  meeting,  the  command  devolved  upon  him.  His  ill  success  disap- 
pointed the  numerous  members  present.  He  dismissed  the  Company  early,  and  during 
the  week  following  studied  most  earnestly  upon  his  duty.  On  the  next  drill  meeting  he 
again  commanded,  and  the  contrast  was  strikingly  evident.  Such  was  the  deserved 
reputation  he  gained,  that  at  the  next  anniversary  he  was  elected  commander  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  and  afterward  was  commissioned  brigadier- 
general  of  the  Boston  militia.  No  person  ever  commanded  the  Boston  troops  with  more 
distinguished  fame.  An  enthusiasm  and  improvement  in  a  new  system  of  discipline 
and  tactics,  which  he  infused  into  the  whole  body,  drew  from  men  of  high  military  fame 
the  most  decided  approbation.  The  praise  of  the  Marquis  La  Fayette,  who  had  an 
opportunity  of  witnessing  his  talents,  was  spontaneous  and  unequivocal."  He  was  not 
sparing  in  his  liberal  donations  to  the  Artillery  Company,  and  to  the  militia  generally. 
He  was  an  aide-de-camp  of  Gov.  Brooks  (1786)  from  1820  to  1822,  and  brigadier- 
general  of  the  Third  Brigade  of  the  First  Division  from  1823  to  1826.  He  was  chosen 
major-general,  but  declined  the  appointment.  He  was  mayor  of  Boston  in  1834  and 
1835,  a  period  of  excitement  and  intolerance,  when  the  Garrison  riot  occurred,  and  the 
Ursuline  Convent  in  Charlestown  was  destroyed.  Gen.  Lyman  (1820)  was  equal  to 
the  emergencies. 

He  was  the  author  of  "  Diplomacy  of  the  United  States  with  Foreign  Nations,"  one 
volume,  octavo,  1825  ;  reissued,  enlarged,  in  two  volumes,  in  1828;  the  "Political  State 
of  Italy,"  1820,  and  "Three  Weeks  in  Paris."  He  held  the  offices  of  president  of  the 
Prison  Discipline  Society  from  1847  until  his  decease,  and  of  the  Farm  School  three 
years.  His  summer  home  was  first  that  of  Gov.  Gore,  at  Waltham,  and  afterwards  at 
Brookline,  on  the  estate  formerly  owned  by  Hon.  Jonathan  Mason.  After  his  retirement 
from  public  life,  he  devoted  himself  to  public  charities.  He  was  one  of  the  most 
generous  of  Boston's  citizens.  He  originated  the  State  Reform  School  at  Westboro; 
was  the  secret  donor  of  twenty-two  thousand  dollars  to  this  institution,  which  sum,  by  his 
last  will,  was  increased  by  a  gift  of  fifty  thousand  more.  He  gave  ten  thousand  dollars  to 
the  Boston  Farm  School,  and  ten  thousand  to  the  Massachusetts  Horticultural  Society. 

Gen.  Lyman  (1820)  visited  Europe  for  the  third  time  in  1848.  Shortly  after  his 
return  to  the  United  States  he  died  at  his  residence  in  Brookline,  July  17,  1849.  His 
death  was  regarded  as  a  public  calamity. 

Peter  Mackintosh,  Jr.  (1820),  shopkeeper,  afterward  school-master,  of  Boston,  son 
of  Peter  and  Sybil  (Hayden)  Mackintosh,  was  born  Jan.  3,  1788.  His  grandfather,  John, 
came  from  Scotland.     Peter,  Jr.  (1820),  was  educated  in  the  Boston  public  schools, 

Theodore  Lyman,  Jr.  (1820).  Authorities:  Peter  Mackintosh,  Jr.  (1820).   Authority: 

Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842;       MS.  from  the  family. 
Loring's  One  Hundred  Boston  Orators. 


424  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l820 

graduating  as  a  Franklin  medal  scholar.  He  went  into  business  early  in  life,  opening  a 
store  in  Cornhill,  now  Washington  Street.  In  1 8 13  he  married  Dorcas  Burditt,  and  lived 
in  a  house  on  Hawkins  Street,  where  the  Charity  Bureau  is  now  located.  Business  pur- 
suits were  not  agreeable,  and  he  accepted  the  position  of  writing-master  in  the  Hancock 
School.  He  joined  the  Boston  Light  Infantry,  and  went  with  that  company  down  to  one 
of  the  islands  in  Boston  Harbor  for  the  protection  of  the  town  in  the  War  of  181 2,  when 
an  attack  by  the  British  was  expected.  He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  Second 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1818  and  1819;  lieutenant  of  the  same  in 
1820,  and  captain  in  182 1  and  1822.  He  was  also  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  182 1,  and  was  discharged  from  the  Company,  at  his  own  request,  March  19,  1823. 
At  this  time  his  military  service  ceased.  He  resigned  the  captaincy,  and  received 
from  the  Boston  Light  Infantry  a  parting  gift,  consisting  of  a  silver  service,  thus  engraved  : 
"  Presented  to  Peter  Mackintosh,  Jr.  [1820],  our  esteemed  friend  and  late  commander." 
He  then  began  the  true  business  of  his  life,  which  was  the  instruction  of  youth.  He 
taught  in  the  public  schools  at  the  North  End  for  twenty-five  years.  He  died  July 
28,  1848. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Second  (Unitarian)  Church  in  Boston ;  held  the  office  of 
deacon  in  it  for  several  years,  and  was  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  school.  On  his 
removal  to  Cambridge,  he  attended  the  Austin  Street  Church,  was  superintendent  of  its 
Sunday  school,  and,  later,  was  elected  a  deacon  in  the  Lee  Street  Church.  Mr.  Mack- 
intosh (1820)  was  a  great  uncle  of  William  P.  Jones  (i860). 

John  Muzzy  (1820),  grocer,  of  Boston,  was  lieutenant  of  a  company  in  the  Second 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  1818  to  1821  inclusive,  and  captain  in  the 
same  from  1822  to  1825  inclusive.  He  never  held  office  in  the  Artillery  Company,  and 
was  honorably  discharged,  May  12,  1823. 

Thaddeus  Page  (1820),  grocer,  of  Boston,  after  several  years'  service  in  the  militia, 
was  commissioned  captain  of  a  company  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  and  held  that  office  in  1814,  1815,  and  1816;  became  major  in  1817,  lieuten- 
ant-colonel in  1818,  and  colonel  from  1819  to  1822  inclusive.  He  died  Jan.  27,  1837, 
aged  forty-nine  years. 

Samuel  H.  Parker  (1820),  bookseller,  of  Boston,  was  ensign  in  a  company  of  the 
Sublegion  of  Light  Infantry  from  1809  to  18 12  inclusive,  and  captain  in  the  same  from 
1813  to  1 815  inclusive.  He  was  commissioned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Third  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  and  served  during  1819,  and  was  colonel  of  the 
same  from  1819  to  18*2  inclusive.  In  the  last-named  year  he  was  ensign  of  the  Artillery 
Company. 

Joseph  S.  Porter  (1820),  cordwainer,  of  Charlestown,  married,  Oct.  11,  1812,  Anna 
Carleton.  He  was  captain  of  the  Columbian  Guards,  and,  being  promoted,  became 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Charlestown  regiment — Fifth  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  Second 
Division  —  in  1822,  and  afterward  became  colonel  of  that  regiment.  Mr.  Whitman 
(18 10)  says  Mr.  Porter  removed  to  New  York. 

James  Talbot  (1820),  shopkeeper  of  Dedham,  married,  Dec.  17,  1815,  Abigail 
Smith,  of  Dedham.  He  rose  to  the  grade  of  major  in  the  militia,  being  a  staff  officer 
under  Gen.  Crane  (1819). 


,820]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  425 

Andrew  G.  Winslow  (1820),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Brig.-Gen.  John 
Winslow  (1786).  He  was  clerk  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1821.  He  died  in  October, 
1832,  at  Cincinnati,  O.,  of  Asiatic  cholera. 

Nehemiah  Wyman  (1820),  victualler,  of  Charlestown,  son  of  Nehemiah  and  Susan- 
nah (Stearns)  Wyman,  was  born  in  Charlestown,  Feb  17,  1786,  and  married,  Dec.  3, 
1812,  Susan  F.  Cutter.  He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Warren  Phalanx,  Charlestown,  in  1814, 
and  afterward  became  its  captain.  After  years  of  faithful  service,  he  was  promoted  to 
the  lieutenant-colonelcy  of  the  Charlestown  regiment,  —  First  Regiment,  First  Brigade, 
Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia, —  which  he  held  in  1819,  1820,  and 
182 1.  He  then  resigned  this  office,  and  again  commanded  his  favorite  corps,  restoring 
its  former  discipline  and  numbers.  He  was  first  corporal  of  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1821.  Col.  Wyman  (1820)  subsequently  went  West,  and  is  said  to  have  settled  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Jan.  3,  1820,  Thomas  Dean  (1806),  captain  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  issued  the  following  order  :  — 

"  Lieut.  Z.  G.  Whitman,  Lieut,  of  the  A.  cV  H.  A.  Company : 

"Sir,  —  To  preserve  and  perpetuate  the  names  of  the  members  of  the  Company, 
their  military  titles  and  also  civil  titles,  which  reflect  honor  on  the  institution,  the  several 
offices  held  by  individuals,  and  also  the  records '  of  their  doings  from  time  to  time,  as 
precedents  for  the  government  and  instruction  of  our  successors ;  and  whereas  it  will 
afford  amusement,  as  well  as  produce  benefit,  and  will  [be]  the  means  of  transmitting 
to  posterity  the  usefulness  of  those  who  have  labored  to  render  the  institution  valuable  ; 
and  whereas  our  records  are  liable  to  be  lost,  and  all  remembrance  of  the  ancient  state 
of  things  with  them  ;  and,  at  a  meeting  of  the  present  officers  of  the  Company,  the  above 
being  made  known,  David  W.  Bradlee,  Esq.  [181 1],  wished  the  Company  to  accept  of 
a  suitable  book  for  the  purpose  of  recording  them  ;  I  do  hereby  order  and  direct,  that 
you  accept  of  the  same  and  present  the  thanks  of  the  officers,  in  behalf  of  themselves 
and  Company,  for  the  donation,  and  that  a  fair  and  legible  transcript  be  prepared  of 
what  has  been  preserved  and  now  exists,  in  chronological  order,  with  marginal  references 
to  the  original.  You  will  therefore  cause  the  same  to  be  done  and  completed,  if  practi- 
cable, on  or  before  the  first  Monday  in  June  next,  that  the  Company  may  dispose  of  the 
same  as  will  best  effect  the  object  of  the  order.  You  will  also  hand  this  order  over  to 
the  clerk,  to  be  recorded  in  its  proper  place." 

The  Artillery  Company  held  meetings  for  drill  March  27  and  April  3,  1820,  and  for 
field  drill  on  April  7.     At  the  meeting  of  April  3  the  following  report  was  read  :  — 

"Council  Chamber,  Feb.  n,  1820. 
"  The  committee  of  the  council  to  whom  was  referred  the  Rules  and  Regulations  of 
the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  the  same  having  been  laid  before  the 
executive  for  approbation,  according  to  ancient  charter  and  usage,  respectfully  report 
that  they  have  examined  the  same,  and  nothing  therein  being  found  objectionable,  they 
recommend  that  the  same  be  approved  by  his  Excellency  the  governor  and  the  honorable 
council,  which  is  submitted.  Samuel  P.  P.  Fay,  per  order. 

Nehemiah   Wyman  (1820).     Authorities:    Wyman's    Charlestown   Genealogies  and    Estates; 
Mass.  Military  Rolls;    Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  Ed.  1842. 


"-\ 


426 


HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1820 


"  In  council  chamber,  Feb.  11,  1820.  This  report  is  accepted,  and  by  the  governor 
approved.  Alden  Bradford,  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth. 

true  copy. 

"  Alden  Bradford,  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth." 

Friday,  April  7,  the  Company  met  for  their  first  spring  field-day.  "Snowing  quite 
fast."  Before  leaving  the  Hall,  Rev.  John  Codman,  of  Dorchester,  was  elected  to  preach 
the  next  anniversary  sermon.  The  Company  then  marched  to  Sergt.  Harrington's 
(1815),  and  partook  of  refreshments,  after  which  they  went  through  the  firings  and 
evolutions,  and,  returning  to  the  armory,  were  dismissed. 

Meetings  for  drill  and  business  were  held  April  17  and  April  24,  and  May  1,  8,  15, 
22,  and  29. 

The  number  of  persons  provided  for  at  the  anniversary  dinner  was  two  hundred  and 
eighty-five,  of  whom  fifty-nine  were  active  members  of  the  Artillery  Company.  The 
agreement  in  regard  to  the  dinner  is  recorded  for  the  first  time  in  1820.  It  was  furnished 
by  Mr.  Forster,  of  Concert  Hall.     He  agreed  to  furnish  the  bill  of  fare  as  follows :  — 


Six  rounds  a  la  mode  beef  . 

weighing  120  lbs.  in 

12 

dishes. 

Six  rumps,  four  second-cuts,  beef  roasted 

150    "    in 

10 

u 

Six  fillets  of  veal,  stuffed  and  roasted  . 

"           70    "    in 

6 

a 

Fifteen  pigs 

180    "    in 

3° 

tt 

Five  hams  boiled,  five  hams  roasted    . 

"          120    "    in 

10 

tc 

Saltpetred  beef 

"           25    "    in 

10 

tc 

Salmon,  boiled   ..... 

"         100    "    in 

15 

tt 

Tongues,  boiled          .... 

175    "    in 

18 

tt 

Puddings    ...... 

in 

40 

it 

940  lbs.  in  151  dishes, 
and  a  sufficient  quantity  of  potatoes,  asparagus,  gravies,  rolls,  brick-loaves,  crackers, 
cheese,  butter,  radishes,  salads,  oil,  vinegar,  mustard,  pepper,  cayenne,  salt,  etc. ;  to  lay 
and  furnish  the  five  tables  with  the  circular  head,  with  table- cloths  and  all  other  necessary 
table  furniture,  excepting  pitchers,  decanters,  tumblers,  and  wine-glasses;  to  wash  all 
the  glass  and  other  ware  both  before  and  after  dinner ;  also,  after  the  entertainment  in 
the  evening ;  to  furnish  three  tables  in  the  evening  without  cloths,  with  the  meats  left  at 
dinner  and  with  bread,  butter,  cheese,  crackers,  salads,  radishes,  etc.,  as  at  noon ;  also 
all  the  meats  and  other  fragments  that  might  be  left  were  to  be  furnished  for  a  collation 
the  next  day.  To  furnish  one  side  table  for  the  constables  and  music,  and  one  table  in 
the  front  gallery  for  the  band  to  dine  at  on  election  day;  and  one  ham  and  fifteen 
pounds  of  saltpetred  beef  to  be  placed  on  a  table  in  the  town  clerk's  room,  with  glasses, 
bread,  etc.,  for  a  collation  before  the  Company  left  the  Hall  in  the  morning.  The 
Company  agreed  to  pay  Mr.  Forster,  for  two  hundred  gentlemen,  at  the  rate  of  one  dollar 
and  seventeen  cents  each,  and  the  same  price  for  each  one  above  that  number  that  might 
dine  with  them  on  that  day,  and  fifty- eight  cents  each  for  constables  and  musicians. 

As  the  First  Church  in  Chauncy  Place  was  undergoing  repairs,  application  was  made 
for  the  use  of  the  New  South  Church  in  Summer  Street  on  the  first  Monday  in  June,  and 
a  band  was  secured  from  Fort  Independence. 

On  the  1st  of  July,  1820,  the  following-named  companies  occupied  the  apartments 
(now  called  the  armory)  over  Faneuil  Hall,  and  carried  the  following-named  number  of 


1820]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  427 

guns  :  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  sixty-four  guns  ;  Cadets,  seventy  guns  ; 
Fusileers,  forty-two  guns;  Boston  Light  Infantry,  seventy-two  guns;  Washington  Light 
Infantry,  forty  guns;  Winslow  Blues,  sixty-four  guns;  Soul  of  the  Soldiery,  forty  guns; 
New  England  Guards,  one  hundred  guns  ;  Rangers,  sixty-four  guns.  Total,  five  hundred 
and  fifty-six  guns. 

Monday,  June  5,  1820,  "a  very  fair  and  temperate  day,"  the  Artillery  Company 
met,  in  a  dress  uniform,  under  the  command  of  Major  Thomas  Dean  (1806),  and 
observed  their  usual  exercises.  His  Excellency  John  Brooks  (1786),  governor,  with 
other  guests,  was  escorted  to  the  new  stone  church  in  Summer  Street,  where  Rev.  John 
Codman,  of  Dorchester,  delivered  the  anniversary  sermon.  Dinner  was  provided  at 
Faneuil  Hall  by  Mr.  William  Forster,  after  which  the  regular  toasts  were  offered.  At 
four  o'clock  p.  m.  the  Company  marched  from  the  Hall  with  the  field-pieces,  manned 
by  a  large  body  of  the  honorary  members  in  their  citizen's  dress,  armed  with  swords,  to 
their  allotted  square  on  the  Common.  The  Company,  leaving  the  field-pieces  on  the 
Common  in  charge  of  the  old  and  honorary  members,  marched  to  the  State  House, 
where  they  received  his  Excellency  and  other  guests,  and  escorted  them  to  the  Common. 
A  salute  of  thirteen  guns  was  fired  on  the  arrival  of  the  governor.  A  variety  of  evolutions 
was  performed,  to  the  satisfaction  of  an  immense  collection  of  people,  "  said  to  be 
greater  than  on  any  former  occasion  "  ;  officers  were  elected,  and  were  installed  by 
the  governor  into  their  respective  offices.  During  the  exchange  of  badges  of  office  the 
artillery  saluted  the  new  officers  thus  ;  five  guns  for  the  new  commander,  three  for 
the  new  lieutenant,  and  two  for  the  new  ensign.  The  Company  returned  to  the  Hall, 
passed  the  usual  votes,  and,  after  a  collation,  were  dismissed.1 

On  this  occasion  an  elegant  china  punch  bowl,  holding  eight  gallons,  was  presented 
to  the  Company  by  the  Hon.  Jonathan  Hunnewell,  one  of  the  senators  of  Suffolk,  which 
was  filled  with  punch  at  the  head  of  the  table.  The  history  of  this  bowl  is  as  follows : 
Capt.  Ephraim  Prescott,  admitted  a  member  in  1792,  was  remarkably  attached  to  the 
Company,  and  was  in  good  circumstances  in  trade  in  Boston,  but  by  misfortune  lost 
his  property.  Being  an  enterprising,  active,  young  man,  in  the  capacity  of  supercargo 
he  embarked  on  a  voyage  to  the  East  Indies.  At  Canton  he  ordered  a  bowl  to  be 
made  and  marked,  "The  Military  Company  of  Boston,  called  the  Ancient  and  Hon- 
orable Artillery,  incorporated  1638,"  intending  it  as  a  present  to  his  favorite  Company 
on  his  return ;  but  on  the  voyage  back  he  was  taken  sick  and  died.  The  bowl  was 
delivered  to  his  wife,  who,  being  poor,  and  ignorant  of  who  were  members,  or  what  her 
husband's  intentions  were,  it  remained  in  her  possession,  unknown  to  the  Company. 
The  Hon.  Jonathan  Hunnewell,  having  accidentally  discovered  the  bowl  and  heard  of 
the  destitute  situation  of  the  widow,  purchased  the  bowl,  and  presented  it  to  the 
Company. 

On  motion  of  Capt.  John  Dodd,  Jr.  (1810),  it  was  voted,  "that  a  committee  be 
chosen  to  inquire  into  the  expediency  of  adopting  measures  to  fill  up  the  ranks  of  the 

1  The  New  England  Galaxy,  after  describing,  — lots   of  bloody  noses  and   ragged  shirts  —  tents 

in  a  humorous  way,   election  week,  concludes   by  clear  off  —  crackers  flying  —  squibs  hissing  —  tables 

saying:  "  Next  week  Artillery  election  —great  show  upset  —  glasses  broke  —  punch  spilt  —  wheelbarrow 

warm   sermon.     Teach   soldiers    their   duty  —  fine  broke  —  gingerbread   stolen  —  sailors    swearing  — 

dinner  —  lots  of  brouen  bottles  —  Governor  set  in  women  scampering,  petticoats  muddy,  shoes  down 

a  chair  on  the  Common  —  company  fire  —  march —  at   the   heel  —  get   home   safe  —  only   a    sprained 

officers   make  great   speech,   full   of   patriotism —  ancle  —  get   over   it   by   Independence  —  industry 

negroes  fight  —  constables  break  up  gambling  boards  must  prosper  —  Lots  of  delight." 


428  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  rig20 

Company,  and  also  to  consider  the  propriety  of  a  variation  in  the  uniform  in  such 
manner  that  every  officer  in  commission,  being  a  member,  may  appear  in  the  uniform 
of  his  commission,  and  generally  to  inquire  into  the  expediency  of  an  alteration  of  the 
uniform,  and  any  measures  that  may  be  adopted  to  advance  the  interests,  promote  the 
honor,  and  increase  the  number  of  members  of  the  Company."  The  motion  was  unani- 
mously accepted,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  consider  the  matter. 

Sept.  4,  the  Company  paraded  agreeably  to  their  charter,  in  uniform,  under  the 
command  of  Capt.  Welles  (1807),  and  marched  to  the  residence  of  Capt.  Southack 
(1816),  where  a  collation  was  provided.  After  exercise  on  the  Common  the  Company 
returned  to  the  Hall. 

"Sept.  6,  1820.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company, 
the  committee  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  who  were  appointed 
'to  inquire  into  the  expediency  of  adopting  measures  to  fill  up  the  ranks  of  the 
Company,  and  to  consider  the  propriety  of  varying  its  uniform  in  such  manner  as 
that  every  officer  in  commission,  being  a  member  of  the  Company,  may  appear  in  the 
uniform  of  his  commission,  have  attended  to  their  instructions,  and  ask  leave  to  lay 
before  the  Company  the  result  of  their  inquiries,  and  the  opinions  they  have  adopted. 
The  diversity  of  sentiment,  which  it  was  well  known  existed  among  the  members  of  the 
committee  at  the  time  of  their  appointment,  and  their  unanimity  upon  the  proposition, 
which  they  have  agreed  to  submit  to  the  Company  for  its  adoption,  will  naturally  induce 
the  supposition  that  the  subject  has  been  thoroughly  examined,  and  has  undergone  a 
full,  free,  and  candid  discussion.  It  is,  therefore,  perhaps  unnecessary  to  remark  that 
the  committee  have  had  several  meetings,  which  have  been  fully  attended,  in  which  such 
considerations  were  suggested  as  were  viewed  as  important  by  those  who  urged  them, 
and  which,  it  was  thought,  would  have  weight  on  the  minds  of  other  members  of  the 
Company.  The  committee,  desirous,  if  so  great  a  change  as  was  contemplated  should 
be  made  in  the  appearance  of  the  Company,  that  a  correspondent  effect  should  be 
produced  in  the  community,  have  also  unofficially  conferred  with  some  of  the  most 
influential  members  of  the  civil  government  of  the  State,  and  with  many  military  officers 
who  are  not  members  of  the  Company.  In  having  done  this,  they  feel  confident  that 
they  will  not  be  considered  as  having  transcended  their  powers.  For,  on  the  one  hand, 
the  committee  agreed  that,  let  public  opinion  be  what  it  might,  their  duty  as  members 
of  the  Company  required  that  no  proposition  should  be  submitted  which,  for  want  of  a 
general  acquiescence  among  its  members,  might  interrupt  its  harmony  if  adopted ;  and, 
on  the  other,  that  it  would  be  useless,  let  the  Company  be  ever  so  well  united  in  it,  to 
propose  any  change  in  the  by-laws  for  the  purpose  of  filling  up  its  ranks  which  should 
not  make  a  favorable  impression  on  the  community.  Besides,  the  committee  considered 
the  public  as  having  a  direct  interest  in  the  question ;  for  the  Company  have  never 
regarded  themselves  as  a  private  association,  claiming  particular  privileges  for  their  own 
advantage,  but  as  a  public  institution,  invested  with  the  greatest  powers  for  the  advance- 
ment of  the  most  important  public  benefits.  In  this  light  the  institution  was  viewed  by 
the  original  grantees,  and  those  who  have  succeeded  them  have  so  estimated  it  to  the 
present  time.  The  four  persons  named  in  the  charter  were  public-spirited  characters, 
living  in  the  towns  of  Boston,  Charlestown,  Cambridge,  and  Dorchester,  who  solicited  a 
charter,  so  that  they  and  others  associated  together  might  be  able  to  yield  to  the  public 
those  services  which  as  individuals  they  could  not  render.  From  the  preamble  of  the 
charter  it  is  to  be  inferred  that  the  grantees  were  members  of  different  companies,  who 


I820] 


HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  429 


were  desirous  of  advancing  the  military  art,  by  introducing  an  uniformity  of  discipline 
throughout  the  provinces,  and,  for  that  purpose,  "  desired  the  license  of  the  court  to 
join  themselves  into  one  Company."  It  also  appears  that  their  petition  was  viewed  in 
so  favorable  a  light  by  the  government,  that  their  request  was  not  only  complied  with, 
but  that  the  authority  of  appointing  its  officers  was  expressly  relinquished  by  the  General 
Court  and  council,  and  the  power  of  choosing  them  granted  to  the  Company.  Such  a 
privilege  as  this  would  not  have  been  conferred  by  an  arbitrary  government  but  upon 
such  individuals  as  the  government  itself  leaned  upon  for  support.  The  extent  of  the 
confidence  of  the  council  in  them  is  to  be  inferred  as  well  from  the  election  privilege 
aforenamed,  as  from  the  authority  which  was  given  to  them  to  assemble  in  any  town 
within  the  jurisdiction.  Their  military  standing  and  importance  is  to  be  deduced  from 
the  fact  that  their  services  in  the  companies  to  which  they  belonged  were  considered  so 
indispensable  that  those  were  ordered  not  to  assemble  on  the  days  established  for  the 
Company  meeting.  It  would  seem,  also,  from  the  prohibition  upon  towns  not  to  hold 
their  meetings  upon  the  days  of  the  Company  training,  that  the  grantees  and  their 
associates  were  not  only  of  importance  as  military  men,  but  that,  like  those  who  now 
usually  sustain  military  offices,  they  were  persons  possessed  of  important,  useful  influence 
in  the  political  concerns  of  the  country.  Surely  great  value  must  have  been  attached  to 
an  institution  to  which  was  given  such  high  and  unusual  privileges,  and  to  which  was 
added  a  grant  of-  land  to  aid  it  in  the  accomplishment  of  its  public  objects. 

"'The  patriotic  spirit  evinced  by  the  founders  of  the  Company  has  since  exhibited 
itself  in  various  periods  of  its  history.  This  was  successfully  appealed  to  by  Gov. 
Bowdoin,  who,  at  the  time  of  the  "  Insurrection  in  t786,"  when  the  militia  was  entirely 
disorganized,  "applied  to  the  Company  for  their  aid  in  the  present  emergency  in  public 
affairs,  and  solicited  that  they  would  find  gentlemen  to  accept  of  the  command  of  the 
several  companies  in  the  town  of  Boston,  which  was  done,  and  the  gentlemen  recom- 
mended accepted  their  appointments."  The  Company  also  unanimously  voted  "  to  do 
everything  in  their  power  in  support  of  the  government  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  to 
hold  themselves  in  readiness,  on  the  shortest  notice,  to  turn  out  in  defence  of  the  same  "  ; 
not  only  so,  but  they  completely  equipped  themselves  for  immediate  service,  and,  as 
their  record  says,  "had  the  honor  of  leading  in  the  military  duties  of  the  then  important 
day."  Their  conduct,  on  that  and  several  other  occasions,  was  highly  exemplary ;  and 
it  is  with  no  small  degree  of  pride  and  pleasure,  in  looking  over  the  rolls  and  records  of 
the  Company,  that  the  committee  find  that  those  who  have  succeeded  to  the  immunities 
and  honors  of  the  original  grantees,  have  been  possessed  of  similar  influence  and  char- 
acter. Such  persons  will  ever  spurn  to  hold  exclusive  powers  which  they  cannot  bene- 
ficially use,  and  will  not  be  forgetful  of  their  duties  when  they  claim  privileges.  That 
such  has  ever  been  the  case  is  evident  from  its  history ;  and  its  records  discover  that  its 
utility  has  been  the  foundation  of  the  continued  patronage  of  the  government,  shown  to 
it  in  additional  grants  of  land  by  the  Legislature,  their  remission  of  taxes  on  its  property, 
and  the  distinguished  honors  annually  conferred  on  it  by  the  executive. 

"  '  The  charter  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  contains  principles 
which  are  now  considered  as  vital  in  our  political  institutions.  The  annual  election  of 
its  Company  officers,  from  the  highest  to  the  lowest,  and  their  return  to  the  ranks, 
obeying  the  will  of  their  superiors  in  authority  at  the  expiration  of  their  term  of  service, 
is  an  archetype  of  the  elective  rights  guaranteed  to  us  by  the  charter  of  our  civil  govern- 
ment, and  from  the  practice  of  this  Company  in  the  choice  of  its  officers  for  a  century 


43°  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  rlg20 

and  a  half,  our  statesmen  were  convinced  that  by  extending  the  elective  franchise  to  the 
militia,  its  strength,  influence,  and  respectability  would  be  increased.  Their  wisdom  has 
been  proved  in  both  cases.  The  elective  principle,  as  applicable  to  civil  rulers,  has  been 
adopted  in  every  State,  but  those  who  had  never  seen  the  principle  of  the  election  of 
military  officers  practically  illustrated,  nor  witnessed  its  salutary  effects,  retained  the 
power  of  appointment  in  the  executive  authority.  However  correct  this  principle  may  be 
considered  in  theory,  in  practice  it  has  been  found  that  those,  as  well  as  other  appoint- 
ments, have  frequently  become  the  subject  of  political  intrigue ;  and  when  that  has  been 
the  case,  that  instead  of  the  elections  being  made  by  those  who  are  directly  interested 
in  the  choice,  appointments  are  given  to  the  unworthy  upon  the  irresponsible  recom- 
mendation of  those  who  are  ignorant  of  their  merits  and  qualifications.  The  elective 
principle,  as  applied  to  military  officers,  may  be  reckoned  among  the  chief  causes  why 
men  of  more  distinction  and  intelligence  have  accepted  of  commands  in  the  militia  of 
this  State  than  in  others  where  it  is  not  admitted,  and  consequently  why  we  have  a  better 
militia  than  in  those  where  the  officers  are  appointed  by  the  executive  authority. 

" '  The  reverence  which  is  felt  for  one  of  the  first  establishments  of  our  ancestors,  the 
peculiar  advantage  which  the  country  has  derived  from  it,  and  its  general  influence, 
the  committee  think,  will  ever  cause  its  charter  to  be  respected,  while  the  pride  of 
character  which  distinguishes  its  members  they  hope  will  prevent  it  from  degenerating 
into  an  institution  of  useless  ceremony  for  the  amusement  of  holiday  admirers.  Though 
this  should  not  be  the  effect  of  design,  it  might  arise  from  that  inertness  in  its  members 
which  would  content  itself  with  upholding  the  Company  to  its  former  respectable  footing 
notwithstanding  the  public  exhibitions  of  other  companies  should  demonstrate  that  its 
relative  importance  was  lost. 

" '  The  condition  of  the  Company,  in  every  respect,  the  committee  have  found  to  be 
as  good  as  it  has  been  for  several  years  back  ;  but  it  would  be  in  vain  for  them  to 
disguise  the  fact  that  others,  not  possessed  of  the  same  advantages,  have  illustrated,  in 
their  public  exhibitions,  the  rapid  progress  of  military  science  in  the  country.  Is  there 
no  danger,  then,  that  soon  we  shall  find  it  difficult  to  fill  up  our  ranks  with  those  who 
are  ambitious  of  military  honors,  and  that  such  distinguished  persons,  who  have  hereto- 
fore hoped  to  be  of  some  use  to  their  country  in  this,  after  they  have  become  exempted 
from  military  duty  by  length  of  service  in  other  corps,  will  find  no  adequate  motive  in 
joining  it?  When  this  shall  be  the  case,  will  dwindle  into  insignificance  the  institution 
which  contains  in  its  charter  the  germ  of  our  republican  system  of  government,  and 
which,  so  long  as  it  holds  any  place  in  the  public  estimation,  will  be  venerated  for  its 
antiquity  and  the  wisdom  of  its  founders.  To  preserve  its  charter,  and  make  the  ranks 
of  the  Company  objects  of  the  ambitions  of  those  who  are  elevated  by  rank  and  intelli- 
gence, it  is  necessary  that  its  manoeuvres  and  discipline  should  advance  with  the  progress 
of  military  science. 

'"The  Company  should  have  for  its  chief  objects  the  attainment  and  diffusion  of 
military  knowledge.  It  should  be  able  to  teach  the  learned,  and  instruct  the  skilful. 
It  is  denominated  "The  Military  Company  of  Massachusetts,"  and  as  such  it  should  take 
and  keep  the  lead  of  all  the  military  companies  and  associations  in  the  State,  and  on 
its  days  of  election  and  public  parade  it  should  exhibit,  as  they  are  discovered,  all  new 
improvements  in  exercise  and  manoeuvres.  It  should  be  the  tribunal  to  which  all 
officers  should  appeal  for  correct  decisions  upon  theoretical  points,  and  soldiers  for 
practical  illustrations  of  them.     When  the  Company  shall  aim  at  these  objects,'it  may 


,820]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  43  I 

be  presumed  that  the  increased  share  of  public  attention  which  it  will  receive  will  be 
usefully  bestowed,  and  that  the  officers  of  all  grades  and  corps  of  the  militia  will  be 
desirous  of  joining  it ;  and  thus,  as  a  school  of  officers,  it  will  have  an  important  influence 
in  producing  an  uniformity  of  drill  and  discipline  in  all  the  divisions  of  the  State. 

"'The  committee  are  of  opinion  that  a  Company  so  much  signalized  as  this,  for  its 
antiquity  and  privileges,  should  also  be  proportionably  distinguished  for  its  extent, 
knowledge,  and  discipline ;  whereas,  they  are  constrained  to  acknowledge  that  the 
Company,  though  unlimited  in  its  numbers  by  its  charter,  does  not  contain  on  its  roll 
more  active  members  than  those  volunteer  companies  in  the  militia  which  within  a  few 
years  have  so  much  distinguished  themselves  for  their  military  attainments.  Among 
the  reasons  why  the  Company  roll  is  not  so  large,  it  is  thought  the  by-law  prohibiting 
the  admission  of  any  person  into  it  who  is  not  twenty-one  years  old  may  be  reckoned. 
Although  some  might  doubt  the  expediency  of  the  measure,  yet  if  those  who,  upon  their 
arrival  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  were  admissible  in  this,  as  well  as  other  volunteer 
companies,  it  is  highly  probable  that  many  of  those  ambitious  and  intelligent  young  men 
who  then  commence  their  military  careers  in  other  companies,  might  be  desirous  of 
joining  this,  and  that  the  ranks  of  our  Company  would  be  filled,  as  well  as  others.  That 
they  do  not  afterwards  quit  them  and  unite  with  us  is  not  remarkable,  for  in  three  years 
their  habits  of  association  and  discipline  not  only  become  fixed,  but,  if  they  joined  us 
afterwards,  they  would  be  obliged  to  lay  aside  their  old  uniform  and  provide  themselves 
with  that  prescribed  by  our  rules.  Your  committee  do  not,  however,  intend  to  recom- 
mend any  alteration  of  this  by-law,  other  than  it  regards  the  admissibility  of  militia 
officers  into  the  Company,  as  they  believe  if  the  proposed  alteration  in  the  Company 
rules  should  be  as  successful  as  they  hope  it  will  be,  in  inducing  the  officers  in  the  militia 
to  join  the  Company,  that  there  will  be  no  difficulty  in  obtaining  the  full  number  of 
private  recruits  which  it  is  entitled  to  enlist  by  its  charter.  There  are  two  principal 
reasons,  besides  the  preceding,  which  your  committee  believe  have  operated  to  prevent 
the  enlargement  of  the  Company  roll  to  the  desired  extent.  The  first  is,  that  other 
companies  discover  more  ambition  and  military  ardor  than  ours,  which  is  composed  of 
older  men,  who  do  not  possess  their  activity  of  muscular  action,  and  who  have  served 
so  long  as  to  have  lost  the  excitement  of  novelty.  The  second,  that  the  Company,  as  at 
present  conducted,  does  not  offer  sufficient  attractions  to  those  who  are  thus  advanced 
in  age,  as  well  as  in  military  experience,  to  induce  them  to  purchase  new  uniforms,  and 
subject  themselves,  in  addition,  to  the  payment  of  a  heavy  annual  assessment.  Upon 
these  objections,  the  committee  were  of  opinion  that  if  the  second  can  be  removed,  as 
many  younger  men  would  become  members  of  the  Company,  its  esprit  du  corps  would 
of  itself  be  sufficient  to  obviate  the  first.  The  committee  were  also  united  in  the 
opinion  that  the  proposed  plan,  by  increasing  the  numbers  of  the  Company,  would 
reduce  the  amount  of  the  annual  assessments  on  its  members.  But  before  recommend- 
ing its  adoption,  they  beg  the  attention  of  the  Company  to  a  consideration  of  greater 
weight  in  their  own  minds  than  the  foregoing.  This  arises  from  the  prospect  the  pro- 
posed plan  affords  of  making  the  Company  a  means  of  great  public  utility,  as  a  school 
of  instruction  and  discipline  to  all  the  respectable  officers  of  the  militia  who  choose  to 
join  it.  Militia  commissions  are  frequently  conferred  on  those  who  would  gladly  avail 
themselves  of  the  means  of  information  the  Company  would  thus  afford,  and  many  would 
heartily  unite  with  their  brother  officers  in  acquiring  the  information  they  need,  who 
otherwise  would  not  have  it  in  their  power  to  obtain. 


432 


HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1820 


" '  Your  committee  will  not  take  up  the  time  of  the  Company  to  discuss  the  public 
advantages  which  would  arise  from  establishments  for  drilling  of  officers.  As  those  are 
well  known,  it  is  sufficient  for  them  to  observe  that  in  almost  every  petition  which  has 
been  presented  to  the  General  Court  for  the  amendment  of  the  militia  law,  this  has  been 
enumerated  among  the  most  important  of  those  which  have  been  named.  The  popular 
sentiment,  therefore,  as  well  as  the  sound  judgment  of  the  community,  is  in  favor  of 
such  a  modification  of  it.  The  Company,  according  to  the  spirit  of  their  charter,  may 
anticipate  the  amendment  of  the  law  by  making  the  Company  what  it  was  designed  to 
be  at  its  institution,  a  school  of  and  for  officers,  with  confidence  that  its  efforts  will  be 
encouraged  by  the  Legislature.  But  to  make  it  as  extensively  useful  as  its  powers  admit, 
the  objection  of  many  officers,  which  arises  from  the  expense  of  providing  a  new 
uniform,  and  paying  a  considerable  annual  assessment  besides,  must  be  obviated.  For 
it  cannot  be  supposed  by  any  one  that  if  the  General  Court  should  adopt  any  plan  for 
drilling  the  officers  of  the  militia,  either  in  regiments  or  brigades,  that  they  would  require 
them  to  provide  a  separate  uniform  for  the  purpose.  On  the  contrary,  it  cannot  be 
doubted  that  they  would  permit  them  to  exercise  in  the  uniforms  which  are  worn  by 
them  in  their  respective  corps  and  offices,  as  is  now  practised  by  several  voluntary 
associations  for  the  purpose.  If  a  similar  principle  is  not,  therefore,  adopted  by  us,  it 
must  be  obvious  that  a  great  proportion  of  very  meritorious  officers,  who  are  at  as  much 
expense  to  maintain  the  respectability  of  their  situations  in  the  volunteer  companies  in 
the  militia  as  their  firearms  will  allow  of,  will  be  unable  to  join  it,  and  the  very  object 
which  the  Company  has  in  view,  to  obtain  the  advantage  of  their  acquirements  in 
military  knowledge  and  their  zeal  in  displaying  it,  will  be  defeated.  But  although  these 
general  principles  were  admitted  to  be  applicable  to  the  subject,  yet,  when  the  com- 
mittee first  entered  upon  its  consideration,  some  particular  objections  occurred,  which 
made  them  doubtful  of  the  expediency  of  adopting  the  proposition.  A  fear  was  enter- 
tained that,  if  the  uniform  of  the  Company  was  changed,  the  identity  would  be  lost  to  the 
public  ;  and,  it  was  observed  that  though  such  changes  might  be  becoming  in  younger 
institutions,  yet,  as  the  dignity  of  ours  consisted  of  its  antiquity,  its  distinguishing 
characteristics,  by  a  change  of  uniform,  would  be  lost.  But  as  the  Company  have 
already  had  four,  and  it  is  supposed  six,  different  uniforms,  it  was  concluded  (inasmuch 
as  the  plan  proposed  to  be  adopted  as  an  inducement  for  the  officers  of  other  corps  to 
join  it,  is  predicated  upon  the  saving  of  expense  to  them,  while  the  old  members  subject 
themselves  to  no  expense  or  inconvenience,  in  the  mode  proposed  for  effecting  it)  that 
the  objections  weighed  less  against  the  proposed  alteration  in  this  than  it  would  against 
a  change  of  uniform  in  any  other  Company.  It  was  also  another  objection,  arising  from 
the  singularity  of  the  appearance  which  the  Company  would  present  if  the  plan  was 
adopted,  which  recurred  to  almost  every  one  upon  its  first  promulgation.  The  univer- 
sality of  this  objection  induced  the  committee  to  give  it  much  thought  themselves,  and 
those  who  urged  it  time  for  consideration.  And  they  are  happy  to  be  able  to  inform 
the  Company  that  the  minds  of  all  the  members  of  the  committee  not  only,  but  of  all 
others  whom  they  have  consulted  and  who  have  maturely  considered  the  plan,  have 
become  reconciled  to  it. 

'"The  Company,  it  is  supposed,  was  first  uniformed  in  1738,  and  for  a  long  time  it 
was  the  only  uniformed  company  in  the  State.  In  1772,  when  they  adopted  a  new 
uniform,  considering  themselves  as  a  company  of  officers,  they  had  distinct  regard  and 
reference  to  that  worn  by  the  militia.     And  in  18 10  the  uniform  then  worn  was  entirely 


,820]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY    COMPANY.  433 

laid  aside,  and  that  which  was  established  for  the  field  and  company  officers  of  the 
militia  infantry,  upon  the  same  principle  of  convenience  and  accommodation,  was 
adopted  by  the  Company.  In  searching  its  history  your  committee  have,  besides  these, 
found  continued  instances  of  a  disposition  in  the  Company  to  meet  the  views  and 
wishes  of  the  militia  officers,  who,  until  a  few  years  back,  it  must  be  inferred  from  the 
records,  have  had  the  principal  regulation  of  the  Company  affairs.  In  illustrating  this 
remark,  we  might  cite  the  record  to  show  that  the  field  officers  of  the  Boston  regiment 
used  to  be  appointed  members  of  the  regular  standing  committee  of  the  Company  as 
frequently  as  its  own  officers  are  now,  and  that  in  one  instance  a  committee  was 
appointed  "  to  wait  on  the  field  officers  of  the  regiment,  to  know  if  they  either  of  them 
would  take  the  command  of  the  Company  the  ensuing  year."  This  vote  was  passed  in 
1773,  and  shows  that  until  that  time,  at  least,  the  Company  was  chiefly  composed  of 
militia  officers.  Since  that  period  very  great  changes  have  taken  place  in  our  military 
as  well  as  civil  institutions.  Our  militia  is  not  now  confined  to  artillery,  cavalry,  and 
infantry  corps,  but  light  infantry,  grenadier,  rifle,  and  sea  fencibles  companies  have  been 
established  and  incorporated  with  it  by  law.  As  these  are  composed  of  such  as  volun- 
tarily enlist  into  them,  they  are  generally  distinguished  for  the  beauty  of  their  dress,  the 
excellence  of  their  discipline,  and  the  extent  of  their  military  attainments.  Can  any 
good  reason  be  offered  why  the  officers  of  these  companies,  as  well  as  others,  should  not 
be  admitted  into  the  Company  without  being  at  the  expense  of  providing  new  uniforms? 
The  committee  know  of  none,  and  from  personal  communication  had  with  many  of 
them,  they  believe  that  most,  if  not  all  of  them,  who  reside  in  the  capital  and  neighbor- 
hood, would  join  it,  if  they  could  be  admitted  upon  terms  of  equality  with  others.  Not 
only  so,  but  many  of  the  officers  of  the  cavalry  and  artillery,  and  the  staff  officers  of  the 
different  corps,  would  be  able  and  willing  to  join  the  Company ;  and  some  of  them  who, 
by  having  been  admitted  into  it  as  honorary  members,  now  seem  to  be  excluded  from 
its  active  duties,  the  committee  learn  with  pleasure  will  solicit  permission  to  appear  in 
the  ranks.  The  Company  would  not  only  be  filled  and  enlarged,  but  a  competition 
among  those  who  are  emulous  to  excel  each  other  would  be  excited  between  the  officers 
of  different  corps,  which  would  increase  its  spirit,  respectability,  and  usefulness. 

"  'The  objection  under  consideration,  arising  from  the  singularity  of  the  appearance 
which  the  Company  would  present,  it  is  admitted,  might  be  urged  with  great  propriety 
against  any  other  company  than  this,  for  they  consist  principally  of  privates ;  whereas, 
this  is  principally  of  officers.  This  distinguishing  feature  of  our  institution  never  should 
be  lost  sight  of  in  the  consideration  of  this  subject ;  as  it  is,  this  only  which  makes  the 
proposition  at  all  admissible.  But,  composed  as  it  is,  we  can  see  no  reason  why  it 
should  not  appear  to  be  what  it  is  denominated,  "a  company  of  officers,"  and  why,  by  its 
appearance  as  well  as  its  charter,  it  should  not  be  distinguished  from  all  other  incor- 
porated companies.  Other  objections  were  made  against  details  of  this  plan,  which  it 
was  supposed  the  adoption  of  the  proposition  would  necessarily  involve,  but  which  the 
committee  think  are  so  entirely  disconnected  with  the  subject  that  they  do  not  bring 
them  distinctly  before  the  Company  for  their  consideration. 

"'Under  the  general  head  of  authority  given  to  your  committee  to  inquire  into  the 
"  expediency  of  any  measures  that  it  is  advisiable  for  the  Company  to  adopt  to  advance 
the  interests,  promote  the  honor,  and  increase  the  number  of  the  members  of  the  Com- 
pany," they  have  taken  into  consideration  various  projects  which  have  been  suggested 
for  the  purposes  mentioned.     There  is  one  only,  however,  in  which  the  committee  are 


434  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [lg20 

united  in  opinion,  which  is  that,  after  the  present  year,  the  squad  meetings  of  the  Com- 
pany at  the  houses  of  the  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers,  —  which  have  been 
found  to  be  both  expensive  and  troublesome,  —  should  be  dispensed  with.  Upon  the 
whole,  then,  as  the  committee,  upon  mature  consideration  of  the  proposition  submitted 
to  them  for  examination,  can  see  no  objection  to  it  of  any  great  weight ;  and  as  they 
believe  the  adoption  of  it  will  be  attended  with  great  advantage  to  the  Company,  by 
enlarging  its  numbers  and  increasing  its  respectability,  by  making  the  ranks  of  the 
Company  an  object  of  ambition  to  the  elevated,  and  producing  a  spirit  of  emulation 
among  its  members,  by  adding  to  its  influence  in  the  community,  and  of  course  making 
it  more  deserving  of  the  consideration  of  the  government,  they  are  unanimously  of 
opinion  that  the  proposition  submitted  to  their  consideration  should  be  adopted,  and 
that  the  following  alterations  in  the  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Company  should 
accordingly  be  made  :  — 

" '  Members  of  the  Company  who  hold  or  have  held  commissions  in  the  militia  may 
appear  in  the  uniform  of  their  respective  offices;  provided,  that  the  commissioned 
officers  of  the  Company  only  shall  be  permitted  to  wear  in  it  the  insignia  of  their 
militia  offices. 

"'The  number  of  the  officers  of  the  Company  shall  be  proportioned  to  the 
number  of  its  active  members,  and  shall  be  fixed  previous  to  the  election  of  officers 
annually. 

'"The  members  of  the  Company  shall  wear  a  herring-bone,  or  the  number  of  them 
to  which  they  are  entitled  by  the  rules  of  the  Company,  at  all  times,  on  their  military 
coats,  as  a  badge  of  membership. 

" '  Officers  of  the  militia,  though  under  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  may  be  admitted 
into  the  Company  as  members. 

"'All  which  is  most  respectfully  submitted. 

'"Benjamin  Loring  [1810],  George  Welles  [1807],  Commander, 

'"Joseph  Jenkins  [1817],  John  L.  Phillips  [1813],  Lieutenant, 

'"John  Dodd,  Jr.  [1810],  John  Park  [1812],  Ensign, 
"'Nathaniel  Richards,  Jr.  [1816],     James  Phillips  [1790], 

'"Thomas  Wells  [1811],  Arnold  Welles  [1811], 

'"James  N.  Staples  [1816],  William  Sullivan  [18 19], 

'"James  Russell  [181 2],  William  H.  Sumner  [1819], 

'"Zach.  G.  Whitman  [1810],  William  Howe  [1806], 


'"Committee, 


t  it 


The  above  report,  after  slight  amendment,  was  adopted  by  the  Company,  and  a 
large  number  of  gentlemen  immediately  applied  for  admission  into  the  Company. 
In  the  summer  of  1820  the  following  paper  was  presented  to  the  Company  :  — 
"Understanding  that  the  'Antient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company'  are  about 
adopting  a  plan  whereby  the  General  Field  and  Staff  Officers  and  also  the  officers  of 
Light  Infantry,  Cavalry  and  Artillery  will  be  permitted  to  perform  duty  in  said  Company, 
wearing  the  uniforms  of  their  respective  Commissions  or  Corps  under  proper  regulations 
and  that  arrangements  are  expected  to  be  made  to  render  the  Antient  and  Honorable 
more  extensive  and  useful  as  a  school  for  officers, — 


,820]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  435 

"  We  the  undersigned  do  severally  apply  to  be  admitted  as  members  provided  the 
same  shall  be  adopted  by  the  Company. 

"  P.  Mackintosh,  Jr.,  Lt.  Lt.  Infty.  Stephen  Fairbanks,  Major. 

"  Benj.  Darling,  Capt.  Lt.  Infty.  Caleb  Hartshorn,  Major. 

"  A.  H.  Gibbs,  adept.  Brig.  Gen.  i  Brig,  i  Div.  Martin  Brimmer,  Capt.  Lt.  Infty. 

"Sam.  H.  Parker,  Col.  id Regt.  Geo.  A.  Hodges,  Lt.  Lt.  Infty. 

"  Wm.  W.  Clapp,  Adj.  2  Reg.  3  Brig.  Thaddeus  Page,  Col.  1  Reg. 

"  Joseph  S.  Porter,  Major  5  R.  1  B.  3  D.  C.  A.  Brown,  Lt.  Warren  Phalanx:1 

Monday,  Oct.  2,  1820,  the  Company  paraded  at  Faneuil  Hall  at  one  o'clock  p.  m., 
and  marched  to  South  Boston,  with  their  field-pieces,  to  fire  at  a  target.  While  firing, 
the  left  piece,  Adams,  burst.  No  one  was  injured  by  the  explosion,  and  no  fault 
could  be  attributed  to  the  Company.  The  Company  returned  to  Faneuil  Hall,  and  was 
dismissed. 

The  last  meeting  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1820  was  on  the  first  Sunday  in 
December,  when  the  Company  attended  the  funeral  of  Lieut.-Col.  Daniel  Dunton 
(1812),  formerly  an  honorary  member,  over  whose  remains  funeral  services  were  held 
at  the  residence  of  his  bereaved  family,  corner  of  Cambridge  and  Belknap  streets.  The 
badge  of  mourning  was  worn  by  the  Company  thirty  days. 

Rev.  John  Codman,  A.  M.,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1820.  He 
was  a  son  of  Mr.  John  Codman,  a  distinguished  merchant  in  Boston,  and  was  born  in 
that  town  in  1782.  He  attended  the  public  schools  of  Boston,  and  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1802. 

There  was  but  one  church  in  Dorchester  in  1805,  of  which  Rev.  Thaddeus  Mason 
Harris,  who  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1805,  was  pastor.  That  year  a 
project  was  formed  for  erecting  another  meeting-house  and  forming  a  second  church, 
on  account  of  the  largely  increased  number  of  families  in  the  town.  The  building  was 
erected  at  the  corner  of  Washington  and  Centre  streets,  and  the  church  was  called  the 
Second  Church.  The  meeting-house  was  dedicated  Oct.  30,  1806.  The  church  was 
gathered  Jan.  1,  1808,  on  which  occasion  Rev.  John  Pierce,  of  Brookline,  who  delivered 
the  Artillery  election  sermon  in  1813,  was  the  preacher  of  the  consecration  sermon. 
The  church  met  Sept.  9,  1808,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  a  pastor,  and,  "by  written 
votes,"  Rev.  John  Codman  was  unanimously  chosen  to  that  office.  The  parish  confirmed 
the  selection  Sept.  20.  After  due  consideration  Mr.  Codman  accepted  the  invitation, 
and  was  ordained  to  the  Christian  ministry,  and  installed  as  pastor  of  the  Second  Church 
in  Dorchester,  Dec.  7,  1808.  The  sermon  on  that  occasion  was  delivered  by  Rev. 
William  E.  Channing,  D.  D.  A  year  passed  harmoniously,  but  as  party  lines  began  to 
be  drawn  between  the  liberal  and  conservative  parties  in  the  New  England  churches, 
differences  appeared  in  the  Second  Church.  Mr.  Codman  identified  himself  with  the 
conservatives  and  did  not  exchange  pulpits  with  the  liberal  clergymen,  who  were 
favorites  with  many  of  the  church-members.  The  controversy  grew  warmer  and  more 
personal,  and  finally  resulted  in  the  withdrawal  of  the  liberal  party  from  that  church. 
Mr.  Codman  continued,  however,  as  pastor  until  his  decease,  which  occurred  Dec.  23, 
1847,  in  the  sixty-fifth  year  of  his  age,  and  the  fortieth  of  his  ministry. 

"Dorchester  Cemetery,"  so  called,  on  Norfolk  Street,  was  bequeathed  to  the  Second 
Church  by  its  pastor,  Rev.  John  Codman,  D.  D.     It  was  consecrated  Oct.  27,  1848. 


436  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1821 


The  remains  of  Mr.  Codman  were,  on  that  day,  transferred  to  the  family  tomb  in  that 
cemetery,  and  the  parish  subsequently  erected  a  granite  monument  to  his  memory,  and 
inscribed  upon  it,  "  Our  Pastor." 


q  The  officers  of  the  Artillery  Company  elected  in  182 1   were:  William 

I(j2  I  .  Hyslop  Sumner  (1819),  captain;  Theodore  Lyman,  Jr.  (1820),  first  lieu- 
tenant; Alexander  H.  Gibbs  (1820),  second  lieutenant,  and  Christopher 
Gore  (1814),  ensign.  Peter  Mackintosh,  Jr.  (1820)  was  first  sergeant;  Daniel  Brown 
(1818),  second  sergeant;  Ruel  Baker  (1819),  third  sergeant;  Stephen  S.  Davis  (1821), 
fourth  sergeant;  Nehemiah  Wyman  (1820),  first  corporal;  Solomon  Loud  (1821), 
second  corporal;  Charles  M.  Domett  (182 1),  third  corporal;  Henry  Fowle,  Jr. 
(1821),  fourth  corporal;  Jacob  Hall  (1802),  treasurer;  Andrew  G.  Winslow  (1820), 
clerk,  and  David  W.  Bradlee  (1811),  armorer. 

The;  members  of  the  Artillery  Company  recruited  in  182 1  were  :  Samuel  L.  Abbot 
William  Adams,  Alfred  Allen,  Thomas  C.  Amory,  Lewis  Bailey,  William  Baldwin,  William 
A.  Bancroft,,  John  F.  Banister,  Levi  Bates,  William  Beach,  Richard  Brackett,  John 
Brazer,  James  Brown,  Samuel  Burr,  Joseph  Butterfield,  William  Buttrick,  Samuel  A. 
Coburn,  Artemas  Conant,  Isaac  Davis,  John  B.  Davis,  Stephen  S.  Davis,  Samuel  Doggett, 
Charles  M.  Domett,  Ebenezer  Eaton,  William  H.  Eliot,  John  Elliot,  Drury  Fairbanks, 
Freeman  Fisher,  Josiah  S.  Fisher,  Henry  Fowle,  Jr.,  Walter  Frost,  Abraham  Gates, 
George  M.  Gibbens,  Frederick  Gould,  Moses  Gragg,  James  Hamilton,  Isaac  M.  Hawes, 
Ezra  Hawkes,  Nathan  Hobbs,  Prentiss  Hobbs,  William  Hooten,  Isaac  Hurd,  Jr.,  William 
Ingalls,  John  Keyes,  Winslow  Lewis,  Thomas  J.  Lobdell,  Solomon  Loud,  Eliab  W. 
Metcalf,  Harrison  J.  Otis,  Jr.,  Francis  Peabody,  Silas. Peirce,  Brewster  Reynolds,  Jonathan 
A.  Richards,  Robert  Robinson,  Michael  Roulstone,  Micah  M.  Rutter,  Edward  L.  Scott 
Daniel  Shattuck,  Nathaniel  Snow,  Silas  Stuart,  Amos  Sumner,  George  W.  Thayer,  Salem 
Towne,  Jr.,  William  Tucker,  Edward  Watson,  Eliphalet  Wheeler,  William  Whiting,  John 
Temple  Winthrop. 

Samuel  L.  Abbot  (i82i),was  a  merchant,  of  the  firm  of  Oliver  &  Co.,  21  Central 
Wharf,  Boston.  ,  He  was  ensign  of  the  Winslow  Blues  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third 
Brigade,  First  Division,  of  the  State  Militia,  in  1819  and  1820,  lieutenant  of  the  same  in 
1821  and  1822,  and  captain  in  1823.  He  paraded  with  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822 
and  was  discharged  at  his  own  request,  April  26,  1824.  He  never  held  office  in  the 
Artillery  Company. 

William  Adams  (1821),  yeoman,  of  (North)  Chelmsford,  son  of  William  and 
Elizabeth  (Richardson)  Adams,  was  born  in  North  Chelmsford,  April  13,  1762,  and  died 
at  that  place  Dec.  25,  1843.  He,  married,  Nov.  1,  1786,  Mary  Roby, — born  Oct.  30, 
1763.  — of  Dunstable.  She  died  July  3,  1849.  William  Adams  (1821)  was  a  descendant 
(fourth  generation)  of  Henry  Adams,  of  Braintree,  whose  son,  Henry,  of  Medfield, 
joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1652,  and  was  a  cousin  of  President  John  Adams. 

At  the  age  of  sixteen  years  William  (1821)  joined  the  Revolutionary  Army,  and 
served  for  fourteen  months.  While  a  soldier  at  West  Point,  he  was  an  eye-witness  of 
the  execution  of  Major  Andre".     After  his  war  service  he  returned  home  and  devoted 


/ 


'/' 


Q/Al^H^U^ 


1821]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  437 

himself  to  farming,  and  later  carried  on  grain  and  lumber  mills.  He  afterward  kept  a 
"public-house,"  or  tavern.  He  was  highly  esteemed  by  his  townsmen;  held  town  offices, 
and  for  many  years  was  a  justice  of  the  peace.  He  was  a  member  of  the  General  Court 
for  thirteen  years.  He  was  ensign  of  the  Chelmsford  Rifle  Company  in  1792,  lieutenant 
from  1793  to  1796,  and,  July  18,  1796,  was,  by  Gov.  Samuel  Adams,  appointed  captain 
of  that  company,  which  was  in  the  Seventh  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division, 
of  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia. 

He  was  a  strong,  active  man ;  his  only  confinement  to  his  house  was  during  his 
final  illness,  and  his  death  was  the  first  which  occurred  in  the  house  which  he  built  and 
had  lived  in  for  forty-three  years. 

Alfred  Allen  (1821),  of  Wrentham,  paraded  with  the  Company  in  1822,  was  an 
honorary  member  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1838,  and  was  honorably  discharged 
May  3,  1847.  He  held  the  office  of  second  lieutenant  in  1829.  His  son,  Alfred,  Jr., 
joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1845.  He  served  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Guild  (1820), 
with  the  rank  of  major. 

Thomas  C.  Amory  (1821)  was  a  merchant,  of  the  firm  of  Adams  &  Amory,  38  India 
Wharf,  Boston. 

The  following  letter  is  preserved  in  the  archives  of  the  Company  :  — 

Zachariah  G.  Whitman,  Esq.  : 

Dear  Sir,  —  Strongly  impressed  with  the  respectability  of  the  "  Ancient  and  Hon- 
orable Artillery  Company,"  and  its  great  usefulness  as  a  "school  for  officers,"  and  a 
"  nursery  of  soldiers,"  and  being  desirous  to  avail  myself  of  the  advantages  offered  by  a 
connection  with  a  corps  enrolling  so  large  a  proportion  of  the  military  science  and 
experience  of  this  section  of  our  country,  I  beg  leave  to  communicate  through  you  my 
wish  to  be  proposed  as  a  candidate. 

I  have  the  honor  to  remain,  with  due  regard  for  the  corps, 

Very  respectfully  your  obedient  servant, 

Thomas  C.  Amory. 
Boston,  April  23,  182 1. 

Thomas  C.  Amory  (1821)  was  the  eldest  son  of  Thomas  C.  and  Hannah  Rowe 
(Linzee)  Amory,  and  was  born  in  Boston.  His  grandfather,  Capt.  John  Linzee,  com- 
manded a  vessel  of  war  in  Boston  Harbor  at  the  time  of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill. 
Thomas  C,  Jr.  (182 1 ),  was  born  at  his  father's  residence,  No.  21  Franklin  Street,  though 
during  the  summer  the  family  resided  at  Brookline.  He  married,  Jan.  1,  1820,  Esther 
Sargent,  of  Boston.  He  was  adjutant  of  the  Independent  Corps  of  Cadets  in  1820, 
ensign  of  the  same  in  1822  and  1823,  and  captain  in  1824  and  1825,  with  the  title  of 
lieutenant-colonel;  also,  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1829.  He  was  a 
representative  from  Boston  to  the  General  Court. 

Lewis  Bailey  (1821)  was  a  merchant,  of  the  firm  of  Curtis  &  Bailey,  in  the  West 
India  goods  trade,  at  No.  9  Rowe's  Wharf,  Boston.  Mr.  Bailey  (1821)  was  paymaster, 
with  the  rank  of  lieutenant,  of  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1818  and  1819.     He  died  in  January,  1834. 


438  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [1821 

William  Baldwin  (1821),  yeoman,  of  East  Sudbury,  son  of  David  and  Lydia 
(Curtis)  Baldwin,  was  born  in  East  Sudbury  in  1787.  After  several  years'  service  in  the 
militia  he  held  the  position  of  major  of  the  First  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Third 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1819  and  1820,  lieutenant-colonel  in  182 1 
and  1822,  and  succeeded  Col.  Artemas  Conant  (1821)  as  colonel  of  that  regiment.  He 
died  at  the  Massachusetts  Hospital,  Boston,  July  10,  1850. 

William  Austin  Bancroft  (182 1),  yeoman,  of  Townsend,  son  of  Lieut.  William  and 
Agnes  (Edes)  Bancroft,  was  born  at  Groton,  Feb.  2,  1786.  He  married  Eliza  Baldwin, 
of  Townsend,  Mass.  He  moved  from  Groton  to  Townsend  Harbor,  where  he  resided 
when  he  joined  the  Artillery  Company,  and  thence  to  Boston.  While  living  at  Groton 
he  was  a  deputy-sheriff  and  a  coroner.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany, but  was  adjutant  of  the  Second  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  from 
1820  to  1824  inclusive,  and  brigade-major  (Second  Brigade,  Third  Division)  from  1829 
to  1840.  He  served  in  the  War  of  1812,  and  his  widow  received  a  pension.  He  moved 
to  Boston  in  1842  or  1843;  resided  at  No.  5  Cambridge  Street,  opposite  the  foot  of 
Bowdoin  Street,  and  for  some  years  kept  a  boarding-house.  He  died  in  Boston,  Jan.  3, 
1851,  very  suddenly. 

John  F.  Banister  (1821),  cooper,  of  Boston,  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Banister, 
who  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1806.  Mr.  Banister  (1821)  was  ensign  of  a 
company  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  in  1820  and  1821,  first  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1822  and  1823,  captain  in 
1824  and  1825  ;  major  of  the  Third  Regiment  in  1826  and  1827,  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  same  from  1828  to  1830  inclusive,  and  colonel  from  1831  to  1833  inclusive.  He 
was  first  corporal  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822,  fourth  sergeant  in  1824,  and 
adjutant  in  1828. 

Levi  Bates  (1821),  trader,  of  Weymouth,  son  of  Levi  and  Lucy  (Pratt)  Bates,  was 
born  in  Weymouth,  Nov.  12,  1787,  and  died  in  that  town  April  20,  1863.  He  married, 
(1)  July  15,  1810,  Lucinda  Rice,  who  died  Dec.  14,  1813,  and  (2)  May  5,  1816,  Abigail 
Rice,  who  died  June  3,  1869.  At  first  he  kept  store  in  Weymouth,  but  in  1830  became 
an  officer  in  the  Boston  Custom-House,  which  position  he  held  several  years.  Mr. 
Bates  (1821)  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Columbian  Lodge  in  1823.  At  the  age 
of  twenty-three  he  entered  the  militia,  and,  rising  through  the  various  grades,  became 
major  of  the  Second  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1821,  and  was  commis- 
sioned colonel  of  the  same  in  1825.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  House  of 
Representatives  five  years. 

William  Beach  (1821),  shipmaster,  of  Gloucester,  was  a  son  of  John  Beach,  an 
Englishman,  who  came  to  Gloucester  in  the  fishing  brig  "  George,"  from  Bilboa.  His 
mother  was  a  daughter  of  an  eminent  merchant,  David  Pearce.  He  was  born  Nov.  4, 1787, 
and  married,  May  26,  181 1,  Lucy,  daughter  of  Col.  John  Tucker,  a  Revolutionary  soldier. 
Mr.  Beach  (1821)  in  early  life  followed  the  sea,  and  became  master  of  a  ship.  He 
forsook  this  occupation,  became  interested  in  town  and  national  affairs,  was  represent- 
ative in  the  General  Court  in  1824  and  1825,  and,  having  been  an  ardent  and  promi- 
nent supporter  of  Gen.  Jackson  for  the  presidency,  he  was  appointed,  in  1829,  collector 


1821]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  439 

of  the  customs  for  the  Gloucester  district,  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  of  1820. 
He  was  a  popular  man,  and  for  many  years  exercised  great  influence  as  the  leader  of 
his  political  party  in  Gloucester,  and  held,  in  addition,  the  office  of  selectman.  He 
was  captain  of  the  Gloucester  Artillery  from  1834  to  1838  inclusive,  then  belonging  to 
the  First  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  Second  Division  Artillery,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia.  He  held  the  office  of  collector  until  1839,  when  he  removed  to  Chillicothe, 
Ohio,  where  he  died,  Nov.  22,  1840,  aged  fifty-three  years. 

Richard  Brackett  (1821),  of  Chelsea,  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  First  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1818  and  18 19, 
and  held  the  position  of  cdptain  in  the  same  from  1820  to  1822  inclusive. 

John  Brazer  (1821)  united  with  the  Artillery  Company  the  first  time  Aug.  4,  1786. 
For  many  years  he  was  an  active  and  useful  member.  Aug.  27,  1821,  "Capt.  John 
Brazer  was  balloted  for,  and  unanimously  readmitted  as  an  honorary  member."  He 
paraded  with  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822,  and  retained  his  membership  in  the  Com- 
pany until  his  decease,  which  occurred  May  7,  1828.     See  page  197  of  this  volume. 

James  Brown  (1821),  manufacturer,  of  Framingham,  son  of  Roger  and  Mary 
(Hartwell)  Brown,  of  Framingham,  was  born  in  Concord,  April  11,  1782.  He  married, 
Nov.  4,  1807,  Nancy  Fiske.  He  attended  the  public  schools,  but  quite  early  went  to 
work  in  his  father's  factory.  July  6,  1806,  he  bought  of  his  father  one  hundred  and  four 
acres,  with  buildings,  etc.,  also  clothier's  shop,  fulling  mill,  and  privilege  on  Cochituate 
Brook,  and  carried  on  the  manufacturing  business  for  several  years.  In  1829  he  sold 
the  privilege  to  William  H.  Knight,  who  sold  all  his  property  there,  and  his  water  rights 
on  Cochituate  Brook,  June  25,  1846,  to  the  city  of  Boston. 

James  Brown  (1821)  was  a  member  of  the  Framingham  Artillery  Company;  served 
as  lieutenant  in  the  War  of  1812-5,  from  Sept.  10  to  Oct.  30,  1814,  and  Feb.  15,  1815, 
was  elected  captain  of  that  company.  Subsequently  he  was  promoted  to  colonel  in  the 
artillery  branch  of  the  State's  service.     He  died  Dec.  25,  1872. 

Samuel  Burr  (1821)  was  a  merchant  of  Concord.  He  married,  Nov.  6,  1828,  Miss 
Phila  Waters.  At  about  the  age  of  twenty-one  years  he  settled  in  Concord.  In  1810-1, 
with  a  partner,  he  bought  out  Col.  Isaac  Hurd,  Jr.  (1821),  and  started  business  in  the 
"  Green  Store,"  under  the  firm  name  of  Burr  &  Pritchard.  For  more  than  twenty  years 
this  firm  did  an  extensive  business.  Mr.  Burr  (1821)  was  active  in  town  affairs;  chair- 
man of  the  committee,  in  1826,  to  procure  a  new  bell  for  the  old  meeting-house; 
chairman  of  the  committee  to  invest  the  money  (five  hundred  dollars)  received  from 
the  Bunker  Hill  Association  for  the  monument  in  Concord  (with  which  money  the 
monument  in  Concord  now  standing  by  the  river  was  built  in  1836)  ;  a  director  of  the 
Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company,  and  a  representative  to  the  General  Court  from  1827 
to  1829  inclusive.     He  was  an  aide  on  the  staff  of  Major-Gen.  Nathaniel  Austin  (1819). 

In  1829  his  new  cottage  house  was  consumed  by  fire,  which  embarrassed  him,  and 
he  failed  in  health  and  property.     In   1830,  taking  his  wife,  and  leaving  his  child  in 

James  Brown  (1821).  Authorities:  Barry's  Hist,  of  Framingham;  Hurd's  Hist,  of  Middlesex 
County,  Vol.  III.,  p.  632. 


44°  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1821 


Concord,  he  sailed  for  the  South,  seeking  a  warmer  climate.  He  died  at  St.  Mary's,  Ga., 
April  2,  1831,  and  was  buried  there.  "  He  was  not  a  Mason,  a  musician,  or  a  church- 
member,"  but  "  of  sterling  integrity,  sound  judgment,  liberal  sentiments,  and  untarnished 
reputation." 

Joseph  Butterfield  (1821),  trader,  of  Tyngsboro,  son  of  Asa  and  Abiah  (Coburn) 
Butterfield,  was  born  in  that  town  July  3,  1784.  He  married,  Aug.  30,  1818,  Betsey 
Stevens,  who  was  born  in  Townsend,  Jan.  3,  1796,  and  died  Dec.  31,  1865.  After 
several  years'  service  in  the  militia  Mr.  Butterfield  (1821)  was  appointed  brigade-major 
of  the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  held  that 
position  from  1822  to  1828  inclusive,  and  was  promoted  to  division  inspector,  which 
position  he  held  from  1829  to  1837  inclusive.  He  was  a  representative  to  the  General 
Court. 

William  Buttrick  (1821),  paper  manufacturer,  of  Pepperell,  son  of  Francis  and 
Lydia  (Howe)  Buttrick,  was  born  in  that  town  Feb.  25,  1791.  He  married,  in  1814, 
Clara  Parker,  of  Groton,  who  died  in  Pepperell,  Aug.  10,  1865.  He  was  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  paper  "at  the  lower  privilege  on  the  Nissittisset,"  on  the  site  of  the 
present  "  Nissittesset  Mills."  He  passed  through  the  minor  grades  of  the  militia  service, 
including  captain  of  the  Prescott  Guards,  of  Pepperell,  and  was  promoted  to  be  major 
of  the  Second  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  which  office  he  held  from  1820 
to  1823  inclusive,  and  in  1824  and  1825  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regiment.  He 
represented  Pepperell  in  the  General  Court  for  five  years,  1827,  1828,  1829,  1834,  and 
1835,  and  was  clerk  of  that  town  in  1826  and  1827.  He  died  at  Pepperell,  March 
20,  1844. 

Samuel  A.  Coburn  O821),  innkeeper,  of  Dracut,  son  of  Gen.  Simon  and  Mary 
(Varnum)  Coburn,  was  born  in  Dracut,  May  13,  1795.  His  mother  was  a  daughter  of 
Gen.  Joseph  Bradley  Varnum,  by  his  wife,  Mercy  Butler.  Samuel  A.  Coburn  (1821) 
married,  (1)  Sept.  21,  1820,  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Col.  James  Varnum,  of  Dracut;  (2) 
May  13,  1830,  Rebecca  L.  Bradley,  of  Dracut;  (3)  Feb.  5,  1850,  Lydia  Fisk,  of 
Providence,  R.  I.  He  was  town  clerk  of  Lowell  from  1826  to  1836,  and  city  clerk  in 
1836  and  1837,  and  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  from  Lowell  in  1833. 
Major  Coburn  (1821)  was  landlord  of  the  Stone  Hou^e,  so  called,  in  Lowell;  of  the 
Merrimack  House  in  Lowell,  the  Exchange  Coffee- House  in  Boston,  and  the  Rock- 
ingham House  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  where  he  died  March  24,  1856. 

Mr.  Coburn  (1821)  was  active  in  the  militia,  becoming  quartermaster  of  the  Second 
Brigade,  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1827,  and  was  promoted 
to  quartermaster  of  the  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1829,  and 
held  that  position  until  1838.     He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Artemas  Conant  (1821),  yeoman  and  storekeeper,  brother  of  Peter,  Jr.  (1807), 
and  son  of  Peter  and  Elizabeth  (Fairbanks)  Conant,  was  born  in  Stow,  July  28,  1783, 
and  died  in  that  town  Jan.  n,  1843.  He  married,  (1)  Nov.  4,  1806,  Annah  Gates,  and 
(2)  March  29,  1838,  Lydia  Whitman.  His  early  days  were  spent  on  his  father's  farm, 
and  he  became  by  occupation  a  farmer.  Having  gained  considerable  property  by  his 
industry  and  prudence,  he  opened  a  store,  which  he  kept  for  some  years.     It 


i82i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  44 1 

situated  in  the  "  upper  village  in  Stow,"  on  the  main  stage  road,  opposite  his  dwelling. 
He  is  remembered  as  a  genial  and  kind-hearted  man,  and  possessing  the  elements  of  a 
true  soldier.  He  was  a  member  of  the  militia;  passing  through  the  various  grades 
became  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  in 
181 8,  which  position  he  held  until  1822,  when  he  was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of  that 
regiment. 

Isaac  Davis  (1821),  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Ezra  and  Sarah  Davis,  of  Roxbury. 
He  kept  a  comb  store  at  No.  32  Cornhill,  and  resided  on  Hanover  Street.  He  was 
lieutenant  of  a  troop  of  Light  Dragoons  of  Boston  in  1822  and  1823,  and  captain  of  the 
same  in  1824.     He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1831. 

Capt.  Isaac  Davis"  (1821)  perished  on  the  night  of  Monday,  Jan.  13,  1840,  on  board 
the  steamer  "Lexington,"  on  her  passage  from  New  York  to  Providence.  The  boat 
was  burned,  and  all  on  board  —  nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  souls  —  were  lost  except 
three,  an  event  which  spread  dismay  and  sorrow  throughout  the  country,  and  especially 
throughout  New  England. 

"  During  the  past  year  you  have  been  reminded  by  the  decease  of  three  of  your 
number  of  that  war  from  which  there  is  no  discharge.  .  .  .  The  indefatigable  historian  ' 
has  been  compelled  to  lay  down  his  pen  forever.  Another  [Capt.  Isaac  Davis  (1821)], 
whose  heart  was  the  seat  of  kind  and  generous  affections,  was  delighting  himself  with 
the  thoughts  of  home  on  that  sad  night,  when  suddenly,  with  a  hundred  others,  he  had 
but  the  fearful  alternative  of  the  burning  flame  or  the  suffocating  flame.  A  third  has 
been  summoned  from  your  ranks,  and  has  left  a  circle  of  endeared  friends  to  lament 
his  loss."2 

John  Brazer  Davis  (1821),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  son  of  Lieut.  Ezra  (1801)  and  Mary 
(Brazer)  Davis,  and  grandson  of  Capt.  John  Brazer  (1786),  was  born  in  Boston,  Oct.  16, 
1798.  He  married,  Oct.  25,  1826,  Laura  Matilda  Gay,  a  niece  of  Gen.  H.  A.  S.  Dear- 
born (18 1 6),  in  whose  father's  house  they  were  married.  She  died  at  the  McLean 
Asylum,  Charlestown,  May  23,  1834. 

John  B.  Davis  (1821)  fitted  for  college  at  Exeter  Academy,  and  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1815.  In  college  he  was  the  room-mate  of  Jared  Sparks.  He  taught 
a  select  school  on  Chestnut  Street,  Salem;  was  tutor  in  Harvard  College  in  1819  and 
1820;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  bar  in  1821.  For  five  years  he  was 
representative  from  Boston  in  the  Legislature;  aide-de-camp  to  Gen.  Dearborn  (1816) 
in  1821,  and  to  Gov.  Lincoln  (1832)  from  1825  to  1832,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  for  two  years  was  the  editor  of  the  Chronicle  and  Patriot.  "  He  was 
a  gentleman  of  great  promise  in  his  profession,  and  had  been  distinguished  in  our 
public  affairs  for  one  of  his  years."  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Mount 
Lebanon  Lodge,  of  Boston,  in  January  and  February,  1822.  He  died  at  Boston, 
Dec.   17,  1832. 

Stephen  S.  Davis  (1821),  trader,  resided  in  Roxbury.  He  attained  the  rank  of 
ensign  in  the  militia,  and  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1821. 

1  Zachariah  G.Whitman,  Esq.  (1810). 

2  Artillery  Election  Sermon,  by  Rev.  Daniel  Sharp,  June  I,  1840. 


442  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,82, 

Samuel  Doggett  (1821),  merchant,  of  Boston,  son  of  Samuel  and  Elizabeth 
(Badlam)  Doggett,  of  Dedham,  —  who  for  many  years  was  keeper  of  the  jail  of  the 
county  of  Norfolk, — was  born  in  that  town  Feb.  12,  1794.  He  served  an  apprenticeship 
with  his  brother  John,1  in  the  business  of  a  gilder  and  manufacturer  of  frames  for 
mirrors  and  pictures,  in  Roxbury,  near  the  dividing  line  between  Roxbury  and  Boston, 
opposite  the  ancient  burying-ground  in  Roxbury.  This  was  in  1812.  Some  years  after, 
the  two  brothers  formed  a  partnership,  removed  to  Boston,  and  added  to  their  business 
the  importation  and  sale  of  carpets.  After  a  few  more  years  of  successful  business  they 
moved  to  more  eligible  rooms  on  Tremont  Street,  then  back  again  to  Washington  Street, 
seeking  larger  quarters  for  their  increasing  business.  Samuel  (1821)  retired  from  the 
firm  and  from  business  in  1854.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  St.  John's  Lodge, 
of  Boston,  Aug.  3,  18 19.  He  died  in  Roxbury,  Aug.  18,  [856,  and  was  buried  in  the 
old  family  tomb  in  the  Old  Burial-Ground  at  Dedham. 

He  married,  Nov.  28,  1816,  Lois  Currier,  of  Roxbury,  who  died  in  that  town  Nov. 
23,  1839,  aged  forty-four  years. 

Samuel  Doggett  (1821)  was  much  interested  in  the  militia;  he  rose  to  the  rank  of 
captain,  and  was  second  corporal  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822. 

Charles  M.  Domett  (1821),  saddler,  of  Boston,  resided  at  No.  14  Marlborough 
Street.  He  married,  June  1,  1815,  Margaret  Moriarty,  of  Boston.  He  was  ensign  of  a 
company  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  1818  to  1820 
inclusive;  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1821  and  1822;  captain  in  1823;  major  of  First 
Regiment  in  1824,  and  colonel  of  the  same  in  1825.  He  was  third  corporal  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  182 1,  and  was  third  sergeant  in  1823.  He  received  the  Masonic 
degrees  in  The  Massachusetts  Lodge  in  1821,  and  was  demitted  March  30,  T832.  Mr. 
Whitman  (1810)  says  Mr.  Domett  (1821)  died  previous  to  1838. 

Ebenezer  Eaton  (1821),  innkeeper  in  Dorchester,  son  of  Pearson  and  Mary 
(Robinson)  Eaton,  was  born  in  Dorchester,  June  8,  1787.  He  was  active  in  the 
Dorchester  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade  of  captain.  He  never  held  an  office  in  the 
Artillery  Company.  He  paraded  with  the  Company  in  1822,  and  received  his  discharge 
March  24,  1825. 

William  Harvard  Eliot  (1821),  lawyer,  son  of  Samuel  and  Catherine  (Atkins)  Eliot, 
of  Boston,  was  born  in  Boston,  Dec.  12,  1795.  He  married,  Nov.  30,  1820,  Margaret 
Boies,  daughter  of  Alden  Bradford.  His  father,  Samuel  Eliot,  was  president  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bank,  and  was  a  liberal  benefactor  of  Harvard  College,  in  which  he 
founded  a  professorship  of  Greek  literature.  William  H.  Eliot  (1821)  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1815,  and  studied  law.  "He  was  a  young  gentleman  of  pleasing 
temper,  amiable  manners,  and  enterprising  spirit."  2  "  He  was  active  in  developing  the 
musical  tastes  and  resources  of  Boston.  He  built  the  Tremont  House,  then  far  in 
advance  of  hotels  here  or  abroad,  and  in  other  ways  showed  a  strong  public  spirit."3 
He  represented  Boston  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  selected  to  succeed  Hon. 
Harrison  Gray  Otis  as  mayor  of  the  city.  While  the  electioneering  campaign  was  going 
on  he  was  taken  ill,  and  died  Dec.  1,  183  r;  a  few  days  preceding  the  ballot. 

1  See  Hist,  of  Roxbury,  by  Francis  S.  Drake,  pp.  93  and  207. 

s  See  Whitman's  Hist.  A.  and  H.  A.  Company,  2d  Ed.,  pp.  346,  347. 

3  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  Vol.  XXIII.,  p.  339. 


i82i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  443 

He  was  aide-de-camp,  with  the  rank  of  captain,  on  the  staff  of  Brig.-Gen  Theodore 
Lyman,  Jr.  (1820),  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from 
182 1  to  1824  inclusive. 

"  A  third  candidate  [for  the  mayoralty]  now  formally  presented  for  our  suffrages 
is  Mr.  William  Harvard  Eliot  [182 1],  a  gentleman  whose  popularity  with  all  classes  of 
citizens  will  ensure  him  a  very  considerable  vote.  Of  the  many  good  qualities  which 
have  given  him  this  popularity  and  justified  his  friends  in  bringing  his  name  before  the 
public,  we  are  prepared  to  speak,  cheerfully  and  liberally.  .  .  . 

"  Alas  !  The  voice  of  praise  and  the  commendations  of  friendship  have  no  power 
to  recall  the  breath  that  is  gone,  nor  can  the  recital  of  claims  to  public  honors  and  dis- 
tinctions 'provoke  the  silent  dust,  or  soothe  the  dull,  cold  ear'  of  the  dead.  Well 
may  we  exclaim,  in  the  language  of  Burke,  '  What  shadows  we  are  !  what  shadows  we 
pursue  ! '  Our  pen  refuses  all  other  office,  —  that  to  blot  out  nearly  all  that  we  have 
written  as  useless  and  unavailing ;  for,  before  we  had  finished  our  contemplated  task, 
the  subject  of  our  recommendation  ceased  to  be  a  candidate  for  the  honors  that  his 
friends  and  fellow-citizens  were  preparing  to  bestow.  William  H.  Eliot  [182 1]  is  dead. 
That  short  sentence  comprises  all  that  can  now  be  said  of  him  in  connection  with  the 
topics  discussed  in  this  article.  His  merits  deserve  a  different  notice,  but  the  present 
moment  is  too  affecting  —  and  here  we  stop."  ' 

John  Elliot  (182 1),  of  Boston,  was  in  the  grocery  business  at  No.  36  Back  Street, 
and  resided  at  No.  7  Salem  Street.  He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  rose  to  the  grade 
of  captain.     He  died  in  September,  1832,  aged  forty-eight  years. 

Drury  Fairbanks  (182 1),  manufacturer,  of  Sudbury  and  Boston,  son  of  Jonathan 
and  Bridget  (Parmenter)  Fairbanks,  was  born  in  Sudbury,  July  17,  1793,  and  died  in 
that  town  May  25,  1864.  When  a  young  man  he  went  to  work  for  Blake  &  Jackson,  on 
what  was  called  Boston  Neck,  in  a  soap  and  candle  manufactory.  During  the  time 
he  worked  there  he  married,  in  Newton,  Mary  Spring,  of  Hubbardstown.  In  1820  he 
moved  to  Sudbury,  purchased  a  farm,  and  lived  on  it  until  his  decease.  At  the  time 
of  his  death  he  held  a  commission  as  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and  had  held  the  town 
offices  of  selectman,  assessor,  overseer  of  the  poor,  school  committeeman,  and  surveyor 
of  the  highways.  He  was  quite  active  in  politics,  being  a  staunch  Democrat  of  the 
old  Jacksonian  school.  He  entered  the  militia  as  a  private,  and  rose  through  the  various 
grades,  becoming  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  Regiment,  Second  Brigade,  Third 
Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the  Artillery 
Company.     His  brother,  Eddy  Fairbanks,  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822. 

Freeman  Fisher  (1821)  was  a  merchant  in  Dedham.  He  was  born  in  1787.  He 
married,  (1)  Sept.  22,  1812,  Martha  Ellis,  and  (2)  July  16,  1820,  Mary  G.  Bronson,  of 
Milford.  He  served  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Nathaniel  Guild  (1820),  with  the  rank  of 
major.  In  the  autumn  of  1848  a  political  meeting  was  held  in  Dedham  by  the  friends 
of  Gen.  Taylor.  The  old  hall  —  now  standing  on  Court  Street  —  in  which  the  meeting 
was  held,  was  but  half  filled,  the  principal  speaker  being  a  Western  member  of  Congress, 
Abraham  Lincoln.  He  was  escorted  to  Dedham,  and  was  entertained  during  his  brief 
stay  in  the  mansion  of  Major  Freeman  Fisher  (1821),  now  the  residence  of  John  R. 
Bullard.2 

1  Boston  Courier,  Dec.  8,  1831. 

8  Town  of  Dedham,  Two  Hundred  and  Fiftieth  Anniversary,  pp.  98,  99,  and  190,  191. 


444  HISTORY  OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  r-,82i 

Josiah  Stedman  Fisher  (182 1),  of  Dedham,  son  of  Aaron  and  Lucy  (Stedman) 
Fisher,  was  born  in  that  town  Oct.  18,  1790,  and  died  Oct.  28,  1828,  aged  thirty-eight 
years.  He  married,  Jan.  13,  1820,  Sally  Pond,  of  Dedham,  daughter  of  Eliphalet  and 
Sarah  Pond. 

Gen.  Guild  (1820)  was  succeeded  in  the  command  of  the  Second  Brigade,  First 
Division,  by  Gen.  Fisher  (1821).  The  latter  was  a  representative  from  Dedham  to  the 
General  Court. 

Henry  Fowle,  Jr.  (1821),  pump  and  block  maker,  of  Boston,  son  of  Henry  (1806) 
and  Elizabeth  (Bentley)  Fowle,  was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  14,  1794.  He  married,  in 
1817,  Elizabeth  Edes,  of  Boston.  He  learned  his  trade  of  his  father,  and  in  1815 
went  into  partnership  with  him,  which  continued  until  1827,  when  Henry,  Jr.  (1821), 
bought  out  his  father's  interest.  The  financial  distress  which  soon  followed  destroyed 
the  business,  and  father  and  son  met  heavy  losses.  Henry,  Jr.  (1821),  gathered  what 
he  could  from  the  wreck,  purchased  a  farm  in  Medford,  and  went  there  to  live.  He 
was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  181 7 
and  1818,  captain  of  the  same  from  1819  to  1822  inclusive,  and  fourth  corporal  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1821. 

Walter  Frost  (1821),  chaise  or  coach  maker,  of  Boston,  was  a  son  of  Walter  and 
Martha  (Tufts)  Frost,  and  was  born  in  Cambridge.  He  was  ensign  in  a  company  of 
the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia, 
from  1819  to  1821,  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1822,  and  captain  from  1823  to  1825 
inclusive;  also,  he  was  first  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1825. 

Abraham  Gates  (1821)  was  a  merchant  of  Marlboro.  He  was  active  in  the  militia, 
and  rose  to  the  grade  of  major.  In  1826  an  academy  was  established  in  Marlboro. 
The  following  year  Abraham  Gates  (1821)  and  his  father,  Silas  Gates,  gave  two 
thousand  dollars  for  the  maintenance  of  the  academy,  and  its  name  was  changed  to 
"Gates  Academy."  In  1849  the  academy  was  merged  in  the  high  school,  and  the 
bequests  were  transferred  to  the  town.  Abraham  Gates  (1821)  was  a  charter  member 
of  United  Brethren  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Marlboro,  and  was  its  first  master,  being 
elected  Sept.  23,  1824. 

George  M.  Gibbens  (1821),  grocer  at  No.  1  Summer  Street,  resided  at  No.  50 
Newbury  Street.  He  was  a  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Miller)  Gibbens,  and  was  born 
in  Boston  in  1796.  His  brother,  Major  Daniel  L.  Gibbens,  joined  the  Artillery  Company 
in  1810.  Mr.  Gibbens  (1821)  was  quartermaster,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant,  of  the 
Second  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  1819  to  1821,  and  adjutant  of 
the  same  from  1822  to  1824  inclusive.    He  died  in  October,  1830,  aged  thirty-four  years. 

Frederick  Gould  (1821)  was  a  clothier,  and  resided  at  No.  62  Middle  Street, 
Boston.     In  the  militia  he  rose  to  the  grade  of  lieutenant. 

Moses  Gragg  (1821),  son  of  Samuel  and  Rachel  (Blood)  Gragg,  was  born  in 
Groton,  Sept.  20,  1791.  Samuel  Gragg  was  a  veteran  of  the  Revolutionary  War,  and 
was  in  the  battle  at  White  Plains.     Moses  Gragg  (1821)  married,  at  Dedham,  Jan.  6, 

Moses  Gragg  (1821)-  Authority:  Manuscript  of  Isaac  P.  Gragg,  Esq.,  of  Cambridge,  son  of 
Moses  Gragg  (1 821). 


,82i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  445 

1820,  Rebecca  Nr  Alden,  a  direct  descendant  of  John  Alden,  of  Plymouth.  His  early 
life  was  spent  on  his  father's  farm  in  Groton,  and  his  education  was  such  as  the  public 
schools  of  the  town  afforded.  He  came  to  Boston  when  about  sixteen  years  of  age, 
afterwards  removed  to  Dedham  and  became  a  hotel  keeper,  being  the  senior  member 
of  the  firm  of  "  Gragg  &  Alden,  proprietors  of  the  Norfolk  House,  Dedham."  They 
provided  the  dinner  upon  the  occasion  of  the  public  celebration  of  the  two  hundredth 
anniversary  of  that  town.  Mr.  Gragg  (1821)  subsequently  moved  to  Milton,  and  kept 
the  Blue  Hill  Tavern.  In  1840  he  made  his  residence  in  Roxbury,  and  opened  as  a 
boarding-house  what  was  known  as  the  "  Ionic  Hall."  He  was  a  member  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts House  of  Representatives  from  the  town  of  Milton,  and  in  Roxbury  held  the 
position  of  superintendent  of  streets.  He  was  a  private  in  Capt.  Abner  Guild's  company 
of  militia  in  Dedham,  served  six  weeks  with  that  company  at  South  Boston  during  the 
War  of  1812-5,  and  at  the  time  of  his  decease  was  the  oldest  pensioner  of  the  War  of 
1 81 2-5  on  the  United  States  pension  rolls  in  the  Boston  agency.  He  was  commis- 
sioned adjutant,  with  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant,  of  the  First  Regiment  of  Infantry, 
Second  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  April  2,  181 7,  and 
resigned  April  n,  1822.     Capt.  Warren  S.  Davis  (1869)  is  his  son-in-law. 

Lieut.  Gragg  (1821)  died  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  April  30,  1885,  aged  ninety-three 
years,  eight  months,  and  ten  days. 

James  Hamilton  (1821),  tavern-keeper,  of  Framingham,  son  of  Jason  and  Lydia 
(Hill)  Hamilton,  of  Brookfield,  was  born  in  that  town  Oct.  1,  1782.  He  married,  Oct. 
27,  1805,  Hannah  Haven,  of  Hopkinton,  who  died  in  New  York  City  in  1842.  He 
lived  in  Shirley  and  Concord,  but  removed  in  1818  to  Framingham  Centre,  where  he 
owned  and  kept  a  tavern.  He  moved  to  Boston  in  1823,  and  kept  the  celebrated 
Exchange  Coffee-House  on  Congress  Street.  Thence  he  removed  to  New  York  City. 
He  organized  the  Framingham  Light  Infantry  Company  in  1819,  and  was  its  first 
captain.  His  highest  military  rank  was  that  of  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  State  militia. 
He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in -1823. 

Isaac  M.  Hawes  (1821)  was  a  shopkeeper  in  Charlestown.  He  held  the  office  of 
ensign  in  a  Charlestown  company. 

Ezra  Hawkes  (1821)  first  joined  the  Artillery  Company  in  1819,  and  rejoined  it 
in  1 82 1.     See  page  408  of  this  volume. 

Nathan  Hobbs  (1821)  was  a  silversmith,  and  resided  at  No.  40  Ann  Street,  Boston. 
He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in 
1816  and  1817,  lieutenant  from  1818  to  1820,  and  captain  of  the  same  in  1821  and  1822. 
He  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822. 

Prentiss  Hobbs  (1821),  wood  wharfinger,  of  Boston,  was  fourth  sergeant  of  the 
Artillery  Company  in  1823.  He  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  Company  April  10, 
1829,  and  rejoined  it  in  1832.  He  was  a  representative  to  the  General  Court  nine  years. 
Mr.  Hobbs  (1821)  became  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge  in  1819.     He  died  in  1858. 

William  Hooten  (1821)  was  a  sailmaker  in  Boston.  He  was  ensign  of  a  company 
in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1820,  and  lieutenant  in  the 
same  from  182 1  to  1823. 


446  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [jg2, 

Isaac  Hurd,  Jr.  (1821),  merchant,  of  Concord,  son  of  Isaac  and  Sarah  (Thompson) 
Hurd,  of  Charlestown,  who  settled  in  Concord,  Mass.,  in  1789,  was  born  in  Billerica, 
July  12,  1782.  He  married,  Jan.  27,  1808,  Mary  A.  Heald.  Of  his  boyhood  little  is 
known.  Between  1802  and  1806  he  made  one  or  more  voyages  to  Canton,  but  in 
1806-7  left  the  sea,  and  commenced  business  in  Concord,  in  the  "Green  Store."  In 
1810  he  sold  out  and  moved  to  Billerica,  where  he  carried  on  the  farm  of  his  maternal 
grandfather,  which,  by  inheritance,  came  into  his  possession  some  years  afterward.  He 
farmed  extensively;  in  1812  was  largely  interested  in  the  raising  of  sheep,  which  only 
added  to  his  embarrassments  in  the  crisis  of  1815.  He  soon  returned  to  Concord, 
where  he  spent  the  remaining  years  of  his  life. 

Isaac  Hurd,  Jr.  (182 1),  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Corinthian  Lodge, 
A.  F.  and  A.  M.,  of  Concord,  in  1820,  and  became  a  member  thereof  May  22,  1820. 
His  father,  Dr.  Isaac  Hurd,  was  the  first  master  of  Corinthian  Lodge,  chartered  in  1797, 
and  his  grandfather,  Benjamin  Hurd,  of  Charlestown,  was  the  first  grand  high  priest  of 
the  Grand  Royal  Arch  Chapter  of  Massachusetts,  established  March  13,  1798. 

Isaac  Hurd,  Jr.  (1821),  was  interested  in  the  militia;  commanded  a  company  of 
horse,  and  afterward  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel  of  the  Third  Regiment,  First  Brigade, 
Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the 
Artillery  Company.  For  several  years  he  was  town  treasurer  of  Billerica.  He  died  at 
Concord,  Jan.  24,  1828. 

William  Ingalls  (1821),  physician,  of  Boston,  son  of  William  and  Susanna  (Pearson) 
Ingalls,  was  born  in  Newburyport,  May  3,  1769.  He  married,  (1)  Dec.  14,  1802,  Lucy 
Myrick  Ridgeway,  of  Boston,  who  died  in  1824,  and  (2)  Dec.  20,  1828,  Miss  Alice, 
daughter  of  Major  John  Brazer  (1786).  He  spent  his  boyhood  in  Newburyport,  where 
he  attended  school,  but  was  prepared  for  college  at  Dummer  Academy.  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1790,  and  received  the  degree  of  M.  D.  in  1801.  While  a 
practising  physician  he  resided  in  Boston.  For  four  years,  from  18 13  to  18 16,  he  was 
professor  of  anatomy  and  chirurgery  in  Brown  University,  and  for  fifty  years  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  Medical  Society.  He  retired  from  practice  about  1842  ; 
spent  three  or  four  years  next  ensuing  at  Princeton,  and  the  remainder  of  his  days  were 
passed  at  Wrentham,  where  he  died  Sept.  9,  185  1. 

He  was  a  member  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  A.  F.  and  A.  M. ;  Siloam  Lodge,  I.  O.  of 
O.  F. ;  "A  Republican  Institution"  (organized  in  1819)  ;  Massachusetts  Charitable 
Mechanic  Association,  and  New  England  Historic  Genealogical  Society.1  He  was  the 
author  of  several  essays  on  medical  subjects.  He  was  lieutenant  in  a  company  of  the 
Boston  regiment  during  1796,  1797,  and  1798;  surgeon  of  the  First  Regiment,  First 
Brigade,  from  1813  to  1822  inclusive,  and  for  many  years  was  surgeon  to  the  Artillery 
Company,  on  the  staff  of  the  commander. 

John  Keyes  (1821),  lawyer,  of  Concord,  son  of  Joseph  and  Sarah  (Boyden)  Keyes, 
was  born  in  Westford,  Mass.,  March  24,  1787.  He  married,  Nov.  26,  1816,  Ann  S. 
Shepard,  of  Hopkinton.  He  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1809;  studied  law 
with  John  Abbot,  of  Westford,  and  in  the  winters  of  181 1  and  1812  taught  school  in 

John  Keyes  (1821).     Authorities:    Hurd's  '  See  Memorial  Biographies,  New  Eng.  Hist. 

Hist,  of  Middlesex  County,  Vol.  II.,  pp.  xii,  603;       Gen.  Society,  Vol.  I.,  1845-52,  p.  328. 
Hist,  of  Corinthian  Lodge,  Concord,  p.  72. 


1821]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  447 

Concord.  In  1812  he  entered  the  law  office  of  John  L.  Tuttle  in  Concord,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Middlesex  bar  the  same  year.  He  became  postmaster  of  Concord, 
Feb.  15,  1813,  and  held  that  office  until  1837.  He  was  appointed  county  treasurer  by 
the  county  commissioner  in  1813,  and  was  chosen  annually  to  that  office  until  1837. 
He  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  for  amending  the  State  constitution  in  1820,  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1821  and  1822,  and  1832  and  1833,  and  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  from  1824  to  1829.  He  was  a  director  of  the  Concord  Bank,  of  the 
Milldam  Corporation,  trustee  of  the  Middlesex  Institution  for  Savings,  and  president  of 
the  Middlesex  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company.  He  was  deeply  interested  in  town 
matters  ;  often  presided  at  town  meeting  ;  was  president  of  the  day  at  the  bi-centennial 
of  Concord ;  a  member  of  the  school  committee  several  years,  and  held  a  place  on 
nearly  every  important  committee  raised  by  the  town  during  the  years  of  his  activity. 
He  held  the  office  of  judge  advocate  of  the  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  from  1819  to  1828.  He  received  the  Masonic  degrees  in  Corinthian  Lodge,  of 
Concord,  and  became  a  member  June  22,  1812.  He  served  as  master  of  that  Lodge  in 
1 821;  was  junior  grand  warden  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  from  1824  to 
1826  inclusive,  and  senior  grand  warden  in  1827  and  1828. 

He  died  at  Concord,  Mass.,  Aug.  29,  1844,  aged  fifty-seven  years. 

Winslow  Lewis  (1821),  ship-master  and  merchant  of  Boston,  son  of  Winslow  and 
Mary  (Knowles)  Lewis,  and  grandson  of  Rev.  Isaiah  Lewis,  minister  of  Wellfleet,  Mass., 
for  fifty-seven  years,  was  born  in  that  town,  May  n,  1770.  He  married,  (1)  Nov.  7, 
1793,  Elizabeth  Greenough,  who  died  June  n,  1842,  and,  (2)  Nov.  22,  1843,  Martha 
S.  Hurlburt,  daughter  of  James  Phillips  (1790).  Dr.  Winslow  Lewis  (1862),  of  Boston, 
who  died  Aug.  3,  1875,  was  a  son  of  Capt.  Lewis  (1821)  by  his  first  wife. 

Winslow  Lewis  (1821)  was  in  early  life  a  successful  and  skilful  ship-master,  and 
for  over  forty  years  was  connected  with  the  light-house  establishment  of  the  United 
States.  An  obituary  notice  in  the  Boston  Journal  said  of  him,  at  the  time  of  his  decease  : 
"The  services  which  he  rendered  the  government  and  to  our  mercantile  community 
were  incalculable,  and  will  cause  his  name  to  be  long  held  in  respect  and  veneration  by 
all  who  have  business  on  the  great  ocean  His  strong,  practical  mind,  indomitable 
perseverance,  and  industrious  habits,  compensated  for  any  deficiency  in  classical  knowl- 
edge or  scientific  attainments,  and  few  men  have  labored  more  constantly  or  more 
successfully  through  a  long  life  than  Capt.  Winslow  Lewis  [1821],  and  his  name  will  be 
remembered  and  associated  with  whatever  is  true  and  excellent  in  man  long  after  the 
almost  countless  beacons  which  he  erected  to  warn  the  approaching  mariner  of  danger 
shall  have  crumbled  into  dust." 

Capt.  Lewis  (1821)  owned  the  privateer  brig  "  Abaelino,"  commissioned  by  Presi- 
dent Madison,  Dec.  10,  1814.  Two  of  her  prizes,  having  been  carried  into  Tunis,  were 
delivered  over  to  the  British  government  by  the  Bey  of  Tunis,  who  was  afterward  forced, 
by  Commodore  Decatur,  to  pay  twenty-one  thousand  six  hundred  and  thirteen  dollars  as 
indemnity  to  Capt.  Lewis  (182 1). 

He  was  contractor  and  builder  of  one  hundred  light-houses  and  beacons  on  our 
coast;  invented  the  binnacle  illuminator  in  18 10;  introduced  cotton  duck  into  his 
factory  at  Watertown,  and  was  the  owner  of  a  rope- walk  at  the  foot  of  the  Common.  He 
took  charge  of  the  light-houses  about  1809-10;  was  in  the  War  of  1812,  and  was  taken 
prisoner  whHe  visiting  a  light-house  in  the  bay,  but  was  soon  released  on  parole ;  organ- 


44-8  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1821 


ized  and  commanded  the  Boston  Sea  Fencibles  during  that  war;  represented  Boston 
in  the  Legislature  from  1829  to  1833 ;  a  member  of  the  first  common  council  of  Boston 
in  1822  ;  alderman  in  1829  and  1836 ;  member  of  the  Marine  Society  in  1797,  of  the 
Humane  Society  in  1812,  and  for  several  years  port-warden  of  Boston.  His  residence  in 
Boston  was  at  the  corner  of  Boylston  Street  and  Park  Square.  He  was  a  tall,  fine-looking 
man,  of  winning  address,  much  beloved  by  all  who  knew  him,  and  exemplary  in  all  the 
relations  of  life.  His  portrait,  in  uniform,  by  Jonathan  Mason,  is  in  the  hall  of  the  New 
England  Historic  Genealogical  Society.  He  died  in  Roxbury,  where  he  resided  the  last 
years  of  his  life,  May  20,  1850,  aged  eighty  years.  His  remains  were  re-interred  at 
Mount  Auburn  in  1859. 

Thomas  J.  Lobdell  (1821),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  of  the  firm  of  Samuel  Davis 
&  Co.,  dealers  in  domestic  goods,  No.  3  Cornhill  Square.  Mr.  Lobdell  (1821)  resided 
on  Hancock  Street.  He  was  active  in  the  militia  for  several  years.  He  became  captain 
of  the  South  End  Artillery,  and  subsequently,  with  the  rank  of  major,  commanded  the 
battalion. 

Solomon  Loud  (182 1),  cabinet-maker,  of  Boston,  had  a  shop  at  No.  60  Court 
Street,  and  his  residence  was  on  Copeland  Lane.  He  was  ensign  of  the  Washington 
Light  Infantry  Company  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1820 
and  1821,  lieutenant  in  the  same  from  1822  to  1824,  and  captain  in  1825  and  1826. 
He  was  also  second  corporal  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1821,  and  lieutenant  in 
1827.     He  died  in  January,  1833,  aged  forty-five  years. 

Eliab  W.  Metcalf  (1821),  of  Cambridge,  was  printer  to  Harvard  University.  Sept. 
10,  1814,  he  was  ensign  of  the  Cambridge  Light  Infantry,  which  was  in  camp  at  South 
Boston  fifty-one  days,  and  was  subsequently  promoted  through  the  various  grades  until 
he  became  lieutenant-colonel.  He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1824. 
He  represented  Cambridge  in  the  General  Court.  He  died  in  Cambridge,  Nov.  27, 
1835,  aged  fifty-four  years. 

Harrison  Gray  Otis,  Jr.  (1821),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  oldest  son  of  Hon.  Harrison 
Gray  and  Sarah  (Foster)  Otis,  was  born  in  Boston,  Aug.  7,  1792.  He  married  Eliza 
Henderson,  daughter  of  W.  H.  Boardman,  of  Boston.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  181 1  ;  read  law  with  his  father  and  H.  Binney,  Esq.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1814.  He  was  adjutant  of  the  Independent  Corps  of  Cadets  in  1819,  lieutenant  of  the 
same  in  1820,  and  captain  in  1822  and  1823;  His  death  occurred  suddenly  while 
visiting  friends  at  Springfield,  Jan.  3,  1827. 

Francis  Peabody  (1821),  merchant,  of  Salem,  son  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  (Smith) 
Peabody,  was  born  in  Salem,  Dec.  7,  1801.  He  married,  July  7,  1823,  Martha,  daughter 
of  Samuel  Endicott.  At  the  age  of  ten  years  he  entered  Dummer  Academy,  Byfield, 
Mass.,  and  at  the  age  of  twelve,  attended  a  select  school  in  Brighton,  Jacob  N.  Knapp, 
master,  where  he  remained  four  years.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  years  he  took  passage  in 
the  ship  "Augustus"  on  a  voyage  to  Russia  for  the  benefit  of  his  health.  After  his 
return,  he  attended  scientific  lectures  in  Boston  and  Philadelphia.  In  1826  he  was  inter- 
ested in   the   establishing  of  the  Forest  River  Lead  Company  in  South   Fields,  and 


i82i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.      ■  449 

established  lead-works  at  Forest  River  in  1832.  He  disposed  of  his  interests  in  them 
in  1843.  In  1833  he  built  the  paper  mills  in  Middleton,  and  soon  after  introduced  at 
Middleton  the  refining  of  oils  and  manufacture  of  candles.  He  was  of  an  inventive  turn 
of  mind,  and,  April  20,  1832,  was  granted  a  patent  by  the  United  States  government  for 
"  preventing  counterfeit  notes."  He  was  interested  in  the  military,  and  was  promoted 
to  the  command  of  a  battalion  of  artillery,  and  soon  after  to  the  lieutenant-colonelcy  of  a 
regiment.  In  1825  he  was  transferred  to  the  infantry,  becoming  colonel  of  the  First 
Regiment,  First  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  and  held 
this  position  until  1829.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and 
in  1865  became  president  of  the  Essex  Institute,  Salem,  and  continued  in  this  office 
until  his  decease,  which  occurred  Oct.  31,  1867.1 

Silas  Peirce  (1821),  grocer,  of  Boston,  was  born  at  the  family  homestead  in  Scituate 
in  1793.  He  came  to  Boston  in  1808,  and  worked  for  about  two  weeks  in  a  ship  carpen- 
ter's shop.  One  day  he  dropped  an  adze  on  his  foot,  and  concluded  to  abandon  the 
business.  He  next  entered  an  importing  house,  and,  in  1814,  went  as  supercargo  in  a 
sailing  vessel  to  Oporto.  He  returned  in  1815,  and  in  April  of  that  year  established  the 
firm  of  Silas  Peirce  &  Co.,  at  No.  6  Faneuil  Hall  Square.  April  1,  1890,  the  firm  of  Silas 
Peirce  &  Co.  celebrated  its  seventy-fifth  anniversary.  His  store,  No.  6  Faneuil  Hall 
Square,  was  on  the  site  occupied  for  so  many  years  by  Read's  gun  store,  but  where  now 
stands  a  tobacco  and  cigar  store.  In  1824  he  removed  to  No.  2  Sears  Building,  Elm 
Street;  in  1842  to  No.  22  Elm  Street,  opposite  Wilde's  Hotel,  and  in  1856  the  firm 
removed  to  their  present  location,  Nos.  59  to  61  Commercial  Street. 

Mr.  Peirce  (1821)  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  of  Boston  from  1857 
to  1863  inclusive,  except  1862.  He  was  often  called  upon  to  fill  positions  of  trust,  and 
was  a  most  respected  citizen  and  true  friend.  He  was  ensign  of  a  company  in  the  First 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  Fourth  Division,  in  1816  and  1817,  lieutenant  of  the  same 
from  1818  to  1820,  and  captain  in  1821  and  1822.  He  never  held  any  office  in  the 
Artillery  Company.     He  died  in  1879,  having  attained  the  age  of  eighty-six  years. 

Brewster  Reynolds  (1821)  was  in  the  grocery  trade  in  Boston.  He  was  ensign  in 
a  company  of  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Vol- 
unteer Militia,  from  1820  to  1822  inclusive,  lieutenant  in  1823  and  1824,  and  captain  in 
1825.  He  was  also  third  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1822,  and  first  sergeant 
in  1824. 

Jonathan  Avery  Richards  (1821),  of  Roxbury,  son  of  Jonathan  and  Sarah  (Avery) 
Richards,  of  Dedham,  was  born  in  that  town  April  6,  1797.  He  married,  Nov.  23,  1820, 
Nancy  D.  Gore,  of  Roxbury.  He  served  many  years  in  the  State  militia,  and  rose  to 
the  grade  of  lieutenant-colonel.     He  represented  Roxbury  in  the  State  Legislature. 

Robert  Robinson  (1821),  cordwainer,  of  Lynn,  was  fourth  corporal  of  the  Artillery 
Company  in  1822,  and  became  colonel  of  an  Essex  County  regiment. 

Michael  Roulstone  (1821)  first  united  with  the  Artillery  Company,  July  16,  1810. 
He  was  discharged,  at  his  own  request,  April  2,  182 1.     On  the  23d  of  April,  the  same 

1  His  portrait  is  in  Hist,  of  Essex  Co.,  Lewis  &  Co.,  publishers,  Vol.  I.,  p.  231. 


450  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,?2I 

year,  Capt.  Wells  (1811)  proposed  Lieut.-Col.  Michael  Roulstone  for  re-admission  to  the 
Company,  and  at  the  meeting  April  24,  Col.  Roulstone  was  .re-elected  to  membership. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  March  27,  1826.     See  page  349  of  this  volume. 

Micah  M.  Rutter  (1821),  yeoman,  of  East  Sudbury,  now  Wayland,  son  of  Joseph 
and  Eunice  (Maynard)  Rutter,  was  born  in  East  Sudbury,  March  4,  1779,  and  died  in 
Wayland,  May  8,  1837.  He  married,  in  May,  1805,  Nancy  Plympton,  of  Sudbury. 
For  many  years  he  was  a  deputy-sheriff  of  Middlesex  County.  He  served  in  the  militia 
of  the  Commonwealth  for  many  years ;  was  colonel  of  the  First  Regiment,  Second 
Brigade,  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  from  1816  to  1826  inclusive, 
brigadier-general  of  the  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  in  1827  and  1828,  and  major- 
general  of  the  Third  Division  from  1829  to  1834  inclusive.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  House  of  Representatives  ten  years,  and  also  served  as  a  State  senator. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity  (receiving  the  degrees  in  Middlesex  Lodge 
and  demitting  to  Monitor  Lodge),  and  was  exalted  in  St.  Paul's  Royal  Arch  Chapter, 
April  22,  1828.  He  was  a  patriotic,  public-spirited  man,  and  interested  in  all  matters 
that  concerned  the  welfare  of  the  town  and  Commonwealth.  He  died  at  Wayland,  May 
8,  1837,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Edward  L.  Scott(i82i),  master-mariner,  of  Boston,  was  ensign  of  the  Sea  Fencibles 
in  1820  and  182 1,  lieutenant  in  1822  and  1823,  and  captain  in  1824. 

Daniel  Shattuck  (1821),  trader,  of  Concord,  son  of  John  and  Betsey  (Miles) 
Shattuck,  was  born  in  Ashby,  July  10,  1790  It  was  the  desire  of  his  parents  that  he 
should  be  educated  and  pursue  a  profession,  and  he  completed  his  studies  in  the  new 
Ipswich  Academy  preparatory  for  college.  In  1806,  however,  he  left  home,  and  found 
employment  with  J.  &  J.  H.  Davis,  of  Concord,  with  whom  he  remained  six  years.  In 
18 1 2,  with  no  capital  except  perseverance  and  a  good  name,  he  went  into  company  with 
Bela  Hemenway,  and  purchased  the  stock  and  stand  of  Deacon  John  White.  Mr. 
Hemenway  died  Jan.  17,  1816,  and  Mr.  Shattuck  (1821)  carried  on  the  business  under 
the  firm  name  of  Daniel  Shattuck  &  Co.  until  1844,  when  he  retired.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  General  Court' from  Concord  in  1831,  and  senator  in  1834  and  1836.  He  was 
prominently  connected  with  all  the  public  interests  of  Concord ;  was  president  of  the 
bank  there  from  its  first  incorporation  until  1832;  treasurer  of  the  Middlesex  Agri- 
cultural Society  from  1821  to  1833,  and  was  its  president  in  1835  and  1836.  He  was 
chairman  of  the  committee  for  the  erection  of  the  Concord  monument  to  commemorate 
the  events  of  April  19,  1775,  and  was  the  author  of  the  inscription  on  the  tablet.1  He 
married,  April  23,  1816,  Sarah  Edwards,  and  he  died  in  August,  1867. 

He  was  active  in  the  militia,  and  became  colonel  of  the  Third  Regiment,  First 
Brigade,  Third  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1823,  holding  that  office 
for  several  years. 

Nathaniel  Snow  (182 1),  master-mariner,  of  Boston,  was  lieutenant  of  the  Sea  Fen- 
cibles, of  Boston,  from  1814  to  1819,  and  captain  of  the  same  in  1820  and  1821. 

Silas  Stuart  (1821)  was  in  the  grocery  trade  at  No.  34  Ann  Street,  and  he  resided 
at  No.  18  Fleet  Street.     After  several  years  of  military  service,  he  became  captain  of  a 

1  Shattuck  Memorial. 


i82i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  451 

company  in  the  First  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer 
Militia,  in  1823,  and  served  as  colonel  of  the  same  in  1826  and  1827,  succeeding  Col. 
Domett  (1821).  He  was  also  second  sergeant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1823,  and 
lieutenant  in  1826. 

Amos  Sumner  (1821),  tailor,  of  Boston,  did  business  at  No.  5  Newbury,  now 
Washington,  Street,  and  resided  at  No.  7  North  Russell  Street.  He  was  ensign  of  a 
company  in  the  Third  Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  from  1815  to  1817,  and 
lieutenant  of  the  same  from  1818  to  1821.  An  Amos  Sumner,  of  Dedham,  married 
Mrs.  Ann  J.  Boardman,  of  Boston,  Jan.  26,  1840. 

George  W.  Thayer  (1821)  first  joined  the  Artillery  Company,  April  5,  1819.  He 
was  discharged  April  17,  1820,  and  rejoined  the  Company,  May  4,  182 1. 

Salsm  Towne,  Jr.  (1821),  yeoman,  of  Charlton,  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Fourth  Regiment,  First  Brigade,  Seventh  Division,  from  181 1  to  1813  ;  brigadier-general 
of  the  First  Brigade,  Seventh  Division,  from  1814  to  1821  inclusive,  and  was  subsequently 
major-general  of  the  Seventh,  called  the  Worcester  County  Division. 

William  Tucker  (1821),  merchant,  of  Boston,  was  of  the  firm  of  French  &  Tucker, 
No.  37  Central  Wharf.  Mr.  Tucker  (1821)  resided  on  Purchase  Street.  He  was  a  son 
of  William  and  Julia  (Twichell)  Tucker,  and  was  born  in  Framingham,  Feb.  17,  1789. 
Before  he  was  of  age  he  married  Miss  Mary  Ann  Kirby,  a  native  of  England.  At  the 
age  of  six  years,  on  the  death  of  his  parents,  he  went  to  live  with  his  paternal  grandfather 
at  Sherborn.  After  attending  school  for  a  few  years  he  left  Sherborn,  and  when  a 
mere  lad  found  employment  in  the  store  of  Mr.  Paul  D.  Richards,  of  Boston.  Mr. 
Tucker  (182 1)  very  soon  began  business  on  his  own  account,  and  prospered.  He  was 
among  the  first  to  remove  to  Centrel  Wharf,  where,  with  his  partner,  he  was  an  occupant 
of  a  store  (belonging  to  Samuel  Appleton)  for  about  forty  years.  His  firm  did  an 
extensive  business  with  the  British  provinces,  and  at  the  time  of  the  breaking  out  of  the 
War  of  1812  they  supplied  the  British  army  at  Halifax.  Mr.  Tucker  (1821)  was  much 
interested  in  the  military.  He  was  ensign  of  the  Boston  Light  Infantry,  in  the  Second 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  in  1816  and 
1817,  lieutenant  of  the  same  in  1818  and  1819,  and  captain  in  1820.  He  never  held 
office  in  the  Artillery  Company.  "He  was  a  man  of  great  kindness  of  heart  and  of 
courteous  manners ;  a  merchant  distinguished  for  industry  and  fidelity  to  every  trust, 
and  a  citizen  widely  known  and  respected." 

He  died  in  Roxbury,  Feb.  22,  1862,  and  was  buried  in  the  family  vault  under 
Trinity  Church,  Boston. 

Edward  Watson  (1821)  was  a  jeweller  in  Boston,  and  paymaster  of  the  Second 
Regiment,  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1821  ;  quartermaster  of  the  same  from  1822 
to  1826  inclusive,  and  adjutant  of  the  same  regiment  in  1827.  He  was  also  fifth  sergeant 
of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1826.     He  died  in  1839. 

Eliphalet  Wheeler  (1821),  yeoman,  of  Framingham,  son  of  Abner  and  Elizabeth 
Wheeler,  of  Lincoln  (near  the  Concord  line),  was  born  in  that  town  Sept.  14,  1791.     He 

William  Tucker  (1821).    Authority:  New  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Reg.,  1862. 


452  HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND  [,g2, 

married,  Feb.  4,  1813,  Clarissa  Rice,  daughter  of  Capt.  Uriah  Rice;  she  died  Sept.  3, 
1873.  He  settled  in  Groton,  pursuing  the  work  of  a  farmer,  but  moved  to  Framingham 
in  1816.  He  bought,  July  10,  1818,  two  acres  of  land  on  the  west  side  of  the  centre 
common  and  built  a  house  there,  in  which  he  lived  and  died.  He  was  one  of  the  first 
proprietors  of  Saxon's  Mills  (April  5,  1822),  and  was  for  a  time  superintendent  of  the 
same.  He  held  the  office  of  deputy-sheriff  for  many  years.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Framingham  Light  Infantry  Company,  and  succeeded  Capt.  James  Hamilton  (1821) 
as  captain.  He  served  for  a  short  time  in  the  War  of  181 2-5,  and  for  fourteen  days  was 
paymaster  at  the  forts  in  Boston  Harbor.  He  died  Jan.  14,  1854,  aged  sixty-two  years 
and  four  months. 

William  Whiting  (1821),  manufacturer,  of  Concord,  son  of  William  and  Rebecca 
(Brown)  Whiting,  was  born  in  Sterling,  Mass.,  Oct.  20,  1788.  In  November,  181 1,  he 
married  Miss  Hannah  Conant,  by  whom  he  had  two  daughters  and  a  son,  William.  The 
latter  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1833  ;  was  appointed  solicitor  of  the  war  depart- 
ment in  1864;  chosen  presidential  elector  in  1868,  and  representative  to  Congress  in 
1872.  William  Whiting  (1821)  attended  school  in  Westminster,  whither  his  parents 
had  moved  in  1795,  and  the  following  year  was  sent  by  his  father  to  live  on  a  neighbor- 
ing farm.  He  lived  there  three  years,  when  he  went  to  Concord  and  entered  the  service 
of  an  uncle,  Dr.  Joseph  Hunt.  He  attended  Dr.  Hunt's  apothecary  shop  and  went  to 
school  for  three  and  a  half  years.  In  1803  he  went  to  learn  the  harness-making  and 
carriage-trimming  business,  and  served  five  years.  About  i8iohewent  into  business 
for  himself,  became  successful,  but  in  1823  his  shop  and  dwelling-house  were  burned. 
He  continued  his  work,  however,  with  varying  success,  until  his  decease,  Sept.  27,  1862. ' 

He  commenced  his  military  career  as  a  fifer  in  the  Concord  Artillery,  and  served 
in  it  seven  years ;  afterward  became  a  member  of  that  company ;  passed  through  the 
various  grades,  and  was  promoted  to  the  lieutenant-colonelcy  of  the  First  Regiment  of 
Artillery,  in  the  First  Brigade,  Third  Division.  He  was  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the 
Concord  Academy,  a  member  of  Dr.  Ripley's  Church  and  of  the  Concord  Lyceum,  and 
president  of  the  Massachusetts  Anti-Slavery  Society.  He  "  was  present  at  the  ceremony 
of  laying  the  corner-stone  of  Bunker  Hill  Monument,  and,  being  a  Royal  Arch  Mason, 
had  an  excellent  situation  near  Gen.  Lafayette,  who  was  there  in  his  simple  citizen's 
dress,  and  his  little  plain  white  Masonic  apron."1  Mr.  Whiting  (1821)  received  the 
Masonic  degrees  in  Corinthian  Lodge,  of  Concord,  in  1819,  and  Sept.  27  of  that  year 
became  a  member  of  that  Lodge.  He  was  its  master  in  1824,  1825,  and  1826,  resigning 
March  20,  1826,  when  he  was  appointed  district  deputy  grand  master  of  that  Masonic 
district.  He  held  the  last-named  office  five  years.  He  was  re-elected  master  of  the 
Lodge  five  times  between  1832  and  1846.  He  was  a  member  of  Concord  Royal  Arch 
Chapter,  and  was  its  first  high  priest. 

John  Temple  Winthrop  (1821),  lawyer,  of  Boston,  fourth  son  of  Hon.  Thomas 
Lindall  Winthrop,  of  Boston,  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth  Bowdoin  Temple,  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Temple,  and  granddaughter  of  Gov.  James  Bowdoin,  was  born  in  Boston,  May 
14,  1796.  He  was  a  great-great-grandson  of  Wait  Winthrop  (1692),  and  a  brother  of 
Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop  (1830)  and  of  Brig.-Gen.  Grenville  T.  Winthrop  (1833). 
He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1815.     He  represented  the  city  of  Boston  in  the 

'Autobiography  of  William  Whiting  (1821),  written  between  1852  and  1855. 


1 82i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  453 

General  Court.  He  was  lieutenant  of  the  Boston  Light  Infantry  in  the  Second  Regi- 
ment, Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  1822;  captain  of  the  same  in  1823;  major  of 
the  Second  Regiment  in  1824;  colonel  of  the  same  from  1825  to  1827,  and  in  1828 
succeeded  Brig. -Gen.  Theodore  Lyman,  Jr.  (1820),  in  command  of  the  Suffolk  Brigade 
of  Militia.  He  was  adjutant  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  1824,  and  its  captain  in  1825. 
He  died,  unmarried,  at  Valparaiso,  South  America,  May  5,  1843,  while  travelling  for  his 
health.  In  1834  he  had  his  name  changed,  by  Legislative  act,  to  John  Temple  James 
Bowdoin,  under  the  will  of  a  relative. 

On  Monday  evening,  March  12,  1821,  at  a  business  meeting  of  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany, the  commissioned  officers  made  the  following  report  as  the  result  of  their  doings 
respecting  the  "  Adams"  gun,  which  was  accepted,  viz. :  — 

"Council  Chamber,  Feb.  2,  182 1. 

"  The  committee  to  whom  was  committed  a  communication  from  the  quarter- 
master-general of  the  1 6th  ult.,  relative  to  the  bursting  of  a  piece  of  cannon  while 
employed  in  experimental  gunnery  in  the  service  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company,  and  a  letter  from  the  commander  of  said  Company,  stating  the  circumstances 
under  which  the  accident  happened,  beg  leave  respectfully  to  represent  that  the  said 
cannon  was  one  of  the  two  pieces  which  were  designated  by  the  names  of  Hancock 
and  Adams,  and  which  have  engraven  thereon  the  following  inscription  :  '  Sacred  to 
Liberty.'  This  is  one  of  the  four  cannon  which  constituted  the  whole  train  of  artillery 
possessed  by  the  British  colonies  of  North  America  at  the  commencement  of  the  war,  on 
the  19th  of  April,  1775.  This  cannon  and  its  fellow  belonged  to  a  number  of  citizens 
of  Boston,  and  were  used  in  many  engagements  during  the  war.  The  other  two,  the 
property  of  the  government  of  Massachusetts,  were  taken  by  the  enemy.  The  above 
inscription  [was]  'by  order  of  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled,  May  9,  1788.' 

"  The  committee  think  it  is  desirable  to  perpetuate  the  two  pieces  of  ordnance  to 
which  a  memorial  so  interesting  to  the  people  of  the  Commonwealth  is  attached. 

"They  therefore  recommend  that  his  Excellency  be  advised  to  instruct  the  quarter- 
master-general to  cause  the  Adams  gun  to  be  recast  and  the  inscription  to  be  restored 
thereon,  and  that  it  be  made  to  conform  in  all  respects  to  the  other  piece. 

"  And  as  it  appears  by  the  representation  of  the  quartermaster-general  that  from 
the  defective  state  of  said  gun  when  loaned  to  said  Company,  no  blame  is  imputable  to 
them  for  the  injury  it  has  sustained,  the  committee  therefore  further  recommend  that 
the  quartermaster-general  be  directed  to  redeliver  the  cannon,  when  completed,  to  said 
Company,  or  loan  for  field  service  and  experimental  gunnery,  until  the  further  order 
of  the  executive.  (Signed)         Silas  Holman,  per  order. 

"  In  Council,  Feb.  2,  182 1.     This  report  is  accepted  and  by  the  governor  approved. 
"(Signed)  A.  Bradford,  Secretary  of  Commonwealth'' 

Capt.  Ephraim  Whitney  (181 6)  having  gone  on  a  voyage  to  sea,  Capt.  Daniel 
Brown  (1818)  was  appointed  to  act  as  a  sergeant  pro  tempore,  in  place  of  Capt.  Whit- 
ney (1816). 

At  the  same  meeting,  it  was  voted  "  that  it  is  expedient  the  commissioned  officers 
appoint  four  corporals  to  stand  until  election  day,  and  that  four  corporals  shall  be  chosen 
as  other  officers  on  that  day,  to  act  for  the  year  ensuing."     Again  a  new  standard  of 


454  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,g2I 

tactics  was  adopted.  It  was  decided  that  "Gardner's  Compend "  be  hereafter  the 
standard  of  exercise  in  the  Artillery  Company. 

Mr.  Whitman's  (1810)  first  history  of  the  Artillery  Company  was  completed  and 
published  at  this  time,  when  the  Company  voted  to  procure  twelve  copies,  and  to  present 
them  to  the  following-named  libraries  and  persons,  viz.:  (1)  Historical  Society;  (2) 
Antiquarian  Society;  (3)  Boston  Athengeum  ;  (4)  Harvard  College;  (5)  Military  Library, 
Boston;  (6)  Apprentices'  Library,  Boston;  (7)  Merchants'  Library,  Boston;  (8)  Boston 
Franklin  Library;  (9)  Rev.  John  Codman,  chaplain;  (10)  the  new  chaplain  for  the 
year;  (n)  treasurer  of  the  Company  (for  the  Company)  ;  (12)  secretary  of  state  at 
Washington. 

The  Company  met  for  drills  March  19  and  26,  also  April  2. 

Friday,  April  6,  being  the  regular  field-day,  the  Company  paraded,  in  citizen's  dress, 
under  command  of  Capt.  George  Welles  (-1807),  marched  to  the  Common  and  went 
through  with  the  usual  exercises.  On  their  return  to  the  armory,  Rev.  Edward  Everett 
(1836),  of  Cambridge,  professor  of  Greek  literature  in  Harvard  University,  was  chosen  to 
deliver  the  anniversary  sermon  the  next  June. 

Great  efforts  were  made  to  add  to  the  membership  of  the  Company  ;  and,  at  a  meet- 
ing held  April  16,  a  previously  appointed  committee  made  the  following  valuable  report, 
which  was  issued  as  a  circular  letter  to  the  officers  of  the  State  militia  :  — 

"Boston,  April  14,  1821. 
"Sir,  —  The  undersigned  have  been  appointed  a  committee  to  take  measures,  as 
they  consider  expedient,  in  order  to  augment  the  members,  and,  of  course,  to  extend  the 
usefulness  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  which  was  called  in  its 
charter  the  '  Military  Company  of  Massachusetts.'  This  Company  was  instituted  nearly 
two  centuries  since  as  a  '  school  for  officers '  and  '  a  nursery  of  soldiers.'  It  is  the 
object  of  the  present  members  of  it  to  make  the  Company  as  useful  to  the  community 
as  it  was  designed  to  be  when  it  was  instituted.  The  Company  has  great  chartered 
privileges,  and  considerable  funds.  It  is  not  limited  to  any  division  or  place,  nor 
restricted  in  regard  to  the  number  of  its  members  or  its  officers;  but,  on  the  contrary,  it 
seems  as  if  it  was  originally  intended,  in  the  infancy  of  the  colony,  that  all  officers  in 
commission  should  be  members  of  it.  This  would  now  be  impracticable,  but  it  is  sup- 
posed, if  the  officers  of  such  divisions  as  are  located  near  this  town,  and  the  officers  of 
others,  who  frequently  visit  it,  were  to  become  associated  with  us,  that  an  uniformity 
of  drill  and  discipline  would  speedily  be  established  throughout  the  Commonwealth  ;  that 
all  the  improvements  in  the  military  art  would  be  introduced  and  practically  illustrated 
on  the  field  ;  that  the  good  fellowship  of  the  officers,  many  of  whom  are  now  strangers 
to  each  other,  would  be  cultivated,  and  their  honorable  influence  in  the  community 
extended,  at  the  same  time  that  habits  of  subordination,  so  useful  in  our  military 
institutions,  would  be  taught  and  practically  exhibited.  In  order  to  accomplish  these 
objects,  the  Company,  during  the  past  year,  have  altered  their  by-laws,  and  reduced  the 
price  of  entrance  into  it  from  fifteen  to  ten  dollars.  The  new  by-laws  permit  the  officers 
of  the  militia  of  every  grade  and  corps  to  appear  in  the  uniform  of  their  commissions. 
By  these  alterations  the  Company  have  hoped  to  obviate  the  objections  arising  from 
the  expense,  which  has  heretofore,  in  some  degree,  prevented  its  extension.  This  last 
alteration,  it  is  expected,  will  be  attended  with  the  good  effect,  also,  of  introducing  a 
spirit  of   emulation   and  a  military  ardor  among   the  officers,  which  will  even  extend 


I  821] 


HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  455 


itself  to  those  privates  who  see  them,  as  a  school  of  officers,  exhibiting  in  practice  the 
military  improvements  which  they  teach.  It  is  further,  on  this  head,  proper  to  remark, 
that  the  Company,  beside  a  stand  of  arms,  have  an  annual  income  of  above  two  hundred 
dollars  from  their  funds,  which  is  applied  to  its  current  expenses,  and  that  in  proportion 
as  the  number  of  its  members  increase,  the  amount  of  the  annual  assessments  on  them 
will  be  diminished ;  and  it  is  not  supposed,  when  the  whole  plan  is  carried  into  effect, 
that  these  will  amount  to  more  than  five  dollars  annually.  We  also  think  it  proper  to 
observe  to  you  that  no  fines  for  absence  from  drills  are  imposed  on  any  members 
residing  out  of  Boston,  except  for  the  three  Monday  evenings  previous  to  the  annual 
election  of  officers  in  June ;  and  that  a  further  extension  of  this  exemption  is  contem- 
plated in  favor  of  all  officers,  both  in  and  out  of  town,  who  either  associate  with  their 
neighbors  for  drill,  or  are  obliged  to  perform  it  in  exercising  their  respective  corps. 
Other  alterations  in  the  by-laws  will  be  made  from  time  to  time,  as  any  change  of 
circumstances  in  the  Company  shall  require.  Since  those  which  have  been  already 
adopted  were  known,  about  thirty  new  members  have  joined  the  Company,  and  many 
of  its  honorary  members  have  shouldered  their  muskets  and  appeared  in  the  ranks,  so 
that  the  Company  now  enrolls  above  one  hundred  and  twenty  members ;  among  them 
are  the  commander-in-chief  and  the  whole  of  his  staff ;  the  major-general  of  the  First 
Division  and  his  three  brigadier-generals,  with  nearly  all  the  officers  of  their  respective 
staffs;  the  brigadier-general  of  the  First  Brigade  and  Third  Division,  the  field  officers 
of  the  Boston  regiment,  and  of  the  neighboring  regiments  in  Middlesex,  and  a  great 
proportion  of  the  officers  of  the  light  infantry  and  other  volunteer  corps.  Believing  the 
usefulness  of  the  institution  depends  very  much  upon  the  extent  of  it,  and  at  this  time 
when  the  new  system  of  drill  and  field  exercise,  which  is  now  practised  upon  in  the 
Company,  is  to  be  introduced  into  the  militia,  it  will  be  particularly  beneficial,  the 
committee  have  addressed  their  circular  to  you,  hoping  that  the  views  of  the  Company 
will  meet  your  approbation,  and  that,  by  enrolling  your  name  among  its  members,  you 
will  afford  it  your  patronage  and  support.  Should  you,  or  any  other  respectable  officer 
in  your  vicinity,  wish  to  be  proposed  as  a  candidate  for  admission,  you  will  have  the 
goodness  to  address  Z.  G.  Whitman,  Esq.,  the  clerk  of  the  Company,  who  will  cheerfully 
attend  to  your  requests ;  and  any  questions  or  inquiries  made  will  receive  immediate 
attention  from  him,  the  officers  of  the  Company,  or  any  of  the  members  of  this  com- 
mittee. With  great  respect,  we  have  the  honor  to  be,  sir, 
"Your  obedient  servants, 

"Signed  by  "William  H.  Sumner  [1819].  William  Fernald  [181  i]. 

"William  Sullivan  [1819].  Lusher  Gay  [1814]. 

"H.  A.  S.  Dearborn  [1816].  A.  H.  Gibbs  [1820]. 

"Benjamin  Loring  [1810].  James  Talbot  [1820]. 

"Thaddeus  Page  [1820].  William  Howe  [1806]. 

"Samuel  H.  Parker  [1820].  Z.  G.  Whitman  [1810]. 

"Attest:  Z.  G.  Whitman  [1810],  Clerk." 

At  a  meeting  held  May  9,  it  was  voted  "  that  there  be  four  commissioned  officers 
chosen  for  the  ensuing  year,  provided  his  Excellency  the  governor  and  the  honorable 
council  will  approve  of  it,  viz.,  a  captain,  first  and  second  lieutenants,  and  an  ensign, 
the  second  lieutenant  to  act  as  adjutant." 


456  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  [l82I 

May  1 6  a  communication  was  read  from  the  secretary  of  state  in  regard  to  the 
fourth  officer.  The  prayer  of  the  petition  was  granted  by  the  governor,  and  that  forma- 
tion, with  four  commissioned  officers,  has  continued  from  182 1  until  the  present  time. 

Council  Chamber,  May  15,  1821. 
The  military  committee  who  have  had  under  consideration  the  petition  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  praying  for  the  allowance  of  an  additional 
officer  to  said  Company,  to  act  in  the  capacity  of  an  adjutant,  respectfully  report,  that 
as  the  said  Company  was  instituted,  as  appears  by  its  charter,  bearing  date  the  17th 
March,  1638,  as  a  school  for  officers,  and  has  from  that  period  and  continues  still  to  be 
composed  principally  of  commissioned  officers;  and  as  the  same  has  recently  been 
greatly  enlarged  by  the  accession  of  recruits  from  the  class  of  officers  holding  commis- 
sions and  belonging  to  the  different  divisions  of  militia,  for  the  laudable  purpose  of 
promoting  an  uniformity  of  drill  and  field  exercise  throughout  the  militia,  in  furtherance 
of  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  having  the  same  object ;  and  as  it  appears  by  said 
charter  that  liberty  is  therein  granted  to  said  Company  to  choose  a  captain,  lieutenant 
and  all  other  officers,  not  limiting  the  number,  nor  specifying  their  rank  respectively ; 
and  as  it  was  originally  in  the  contemplation  of  the  government,  in  the  institution  of 
said  Company,  that  the  benefits  which  might  be  derived  from  it  should,  as"  far  as  might 
be,  be  participated  in  by  the  whole  body  of  militia  officers,  and  hence  it  might  become  so 
numerous  as  to  require  additional  officers  from  time  to  time :  the  committee  therefore 
recommend  that  his  Excellency  the  governor  be  advised  to  grant  the  prayer  of  the  said 
petition,  and  to  commission,  according  to  the  usages  of  said  Company,  an  additional 
person  each  year  (until  the  further  pleasure  of  the  governor  and  council),  as  a  lieutenant 
in  said  Company  to  do  the  duty  of  adjutant.     All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

(Signed)         Richard  Sullivan,  per  order. 

In  council,  May  15,  1821.     This  report  is  accepted,  and  by  the  governor  approved. 
(Signed)         Alden  Bradford,  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth. 

Adjutant-General's  Office, 

Boston,  May  15,  1821. 
To  Capt.  George  Welles  [1807],  Commanding  Officer  of  the  A.  (r  H.  A.  Company; 

Sir,  —  It  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  enclose  to  you  a  copy  of  the  advice  of  council 
to  his  Excellency  the  commander-in-chief,  which  has  been  approved  by  the  governor 
founded  upon  the  application  of  the  Company  under  your  command,  granting  their 
request  to  have  permission  to  choose  one  additional  lieutenant,  to  act  as  adjutant  to  the 
Company  for  the  year  ensuing. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  very  respectfully,  sir, 

Your  most  obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 

William  H.  Sumner  [1819], 

Adjutant-  General. 

"The  committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  subject  of  an  alteration  of  the  by-laws 
relative  to  the  uniform  of  the  Company,  beg  leave  to  submit  the  following  report :  That 
in  the  year  1810  the  Company  agreed  to  alter  their  uniform,  so  as  to  conform  to  the 
uniform  of  the  infantry  officers  of  the  Brigade,  with  the  exception  of  small  clothes  and 


1821]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  457 

gaiters,  and  although  these  were  actually  an  expense  of  about  twenty-five  dollars,  in 
addition  to  that  already  incurred,  in  the  uniform  of  officers,  yet  many  joined  the  Com* 
pany  that  year,  and  your  committee  are  of  opinion  that  many  more  officers  would  have 
joined  had  not  the  Company  insisted  upon  subjecting  them  to  this  great,  and,  as  your 
committee  believe,  most  useless  expense  of  small  clothes  and  gaiters.  The  year  past  the 
Company  altered  the  by-laws  touching  uniform,  so  as  to  permit  members  of  the  Com- 
pany who  hold,  or  who  have  held,  commissions  in  the  militia,  to  appear  in  the  uniform 
of  their  respective  offices ;  and  your  committee  are  of  opinion  that  all  officers  who  are 
now  in  the  ranks  will  avail  themselves  of  this  privilege,  and  that  the  officers  of  the 
infantry  will  appear  in  white  linen  pantaloons  and  boots,  instead  of  small  clothes  and 
gaiters.  By  referring  to  the  roll  of  the  Company,  your  committee  find  that  all  the  active 
members  save  fourteen  are  officers.  Your  committee  therefore  recommend  an  alteration 
in  the  by-laws,  so  as  to  permit  all  citizens  who  are  now,  or  may  hereafter  become, 
members  of  this  corps,  to  appear  in  the  uniform  of  officers  of  infantry. 
"  Boston,  May  16,  182 1." 

The  above  report  was  accepted. 

May  21,  182 1,  the  Company  met  for  drill  and  business.  During  the  latter  part  of 
the  meeting,  Mr.  Z.  G.  Whitman  (1810)  moved  the  appointment  of  a  committee  to 
consider  the  following  changes  in  the  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Company,  viz.,  that 
"  black  stocks  may  be  worn  on  the  anniversary  instead  of  white,  and  also  the  wearing  of 
powder  on  the  hair  may  be  dispensed  with."  Subsequently,  the  committee  reported  in 
favor  of  the  changes,  which  were  adopted  by  the  Company. 

May  23,  24,  and  28  meetings  were  held  for  business  or  exercise. 

The  financial  reports  made  to  the  Company  were  very  gratifying.  The  assessments 
were  lessened  year  after  year  during  the  five  preceding  years,  and  the  permanent  fund 
increasing.  In  May,  182 1,  the  latter  amounted  to  three  thousand  three  hundred  and 
fifty  dollars,  viz.,  twenty-four  shares  of  Union  Bank  stock,  twenty-four  hundred  dollars ; 
eleven  shares  of  Manufacturers  and  Mechanics  Bank,  five  hundred  and  fifty  dollars; 
certificate  United  States  seven  per  cent  stock,  four  hundred  dollars. 

The  several  sub-committees  appointed  to  make  all  arrangements  for  the  anniversary 
reported  all  contracts  made,  and  the  several  duties  assigned  them  performed. 

The  following  letter,  in  the  archives  of  the  Company,  was  read  to  the  Company :  — 

American  Antiquarian  Society, 

Worcester,  Mass.,  April  26,  1821. 
The  president  and  council  of  the  American  Antiquarian  Society  with  pleasure 
acknowledge  the  reception  of  "an  historical  sketch  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,"  presented  to  the  institution  by  said  Company ;  and  agreeably  to  a 
vote  of  the  society,  present  the  Company  their  thanks  for  the  same.  The  name  of  the 
Company  is  recorded  in  the  books  of  the  society  together  with  the  donation,  which  is 
deposited  for  safe  keeping.     By  direction  of  the  president  and  council. 

(Signed)         Rejoice  Newton,  Recording  Secretary. 
Officers  and  Members  of  the  A.  and  H.  A.  Company. 


45 8  HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


[1821 


The  one  hundred  and  eighty-third  anniversary  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery Company  was  observed  on  Monday,  June  4,  1821. >  The  meeting  this  day  was 
"unusually  splendid."  The  weather  was  fine,  and  ten  thousand  people  assembled  to 
observe  the  public  exercises.  The  members  of  the  Company  at  this  time  numbered  one 
hundred  and  seventy,  of  whom  forty-three  were  honorary  members  and  one  hundred 
and  twenty-seven  were  active.  There  were  one  hundred  muskets  in  line,  and  the 
artillery  pieces  were  manned  by  the  usual  number  of  men.  The  officers  of  the 
militia,  doing  duty  in  the  ranks,  were  dressed  in  the  uniforms  of  the  various  corps  to 
which  they  belonged,  and  added  much  to  the  splendor  of  the  Company's  appearance. 
Among  others,  there  were  present  in  line  Major-Gen.  Elijah  Crane  (1819),  of  Canton,  in 
the  First  Division;  the  adjutant-general  of  the  State,  Gen.  Sumner  (1819)  ;  Brig.-Gen. 
Rutter  (1821),  of  Sudbury,  in  the  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division  ;  Cols.  Loring  (1810), 
Parker  (1820),  and  Page  (1820),  of  Boston,  in  the  First  Division;  Col.  Robinson 
(i82i),of  Lynn,  in  the  Second  Division;  Cols.  Hurd  (1821),  of  Concord,  and  Bald- 
win (182 1 ),  of  East  Sudbury,  in  the  Third  Division;  Lieut.-Col.  Theodore  Lyman,  Jr. 
(1820),  aide  to  the  commander-in-chief,  and  several  other  officers,  who  were  distinguished 
by  their  military  spirit  and  achievements.  There  were  on  duty,  as  infantry,  ninety-two 
persons  who  then  or  previously  had  held  commissions  in  the  militia,  viz.,  one  major- 
general,  the  adjutant-general  of  the  State,  one  brigadier-general,  five  colonels,  eight  lieu- 
tenant-colonels, fourteen  majors,  twenty-eight  captains,  twenty-two  lieutenants,  twelve 
ensigns,  including  staff  officers  ranking  as  officers  of  the  line  of  the  above  grades,  besides 
thirteen  private  citizens.  On  duty,  attached  to  the  field-pieces,  were  three  colonels,  one 
lieutenant-colonel,  five  captains,  three  lieutenants,  three  ensigns,  and  five  privates, 
making  in  the  whole  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  persons.  Many  active  members, 
newly  recruited,  did  not  appear  in  the  ranks  because  they  had  not  drilled  in  the  new 
tactics  prescribed  by  Congress  for  the  government  of  the  militia. 

After  partaking  of  the  usual  morning  collation,  the  Company,  under  command  of 
Capt.  George  Welles  (1807),  moved  to  the  State  House,  and  thence,  with  their  distin- 
guished guests,  to  the  First  Church,  in  Chauncy  Place,  where  the  sermon  was  delivered  by 
Rev.  Edward  Everett  (1836),  professor  of  Greek  literature  at  Harvard  College.  After 
service,  the  Company,  with  its  guests,  proceeded  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  a  sumptuous 
dinner  had  been  prepared  by  Mr.  William  Fenno.  The  usual  toasts  were  drank,  and 
addresses  made.  The  commander-in-chief,  Gov.  Brooks  (1786),  offered  the  following 
volunteer  toast :  "  The  Day  and  the  Military  Institution  whose  Anniversary  we  cele- 
brate." After  his  Excellency  retired,  Capt.  Welles  (1807)  gave,  "Our  worthy  Chief 
Magistrate,  Gov.  Brooks  [1786],  the  well-deserved  favorite  of  Mars  and  Minerva." 
Hon.  Mr.  Quincy  volunteered  to  offer,  "  Our  Fisheries.  Success  to  all  of  them  but 
those  for  office."  After  the  postprandial  exercises  the  Company  repaired  to  the 
Common,  where  the  usual  election  was  held,  and  the  officers  of  1820  having  resigned 
their  insignias  they  were  conferred  by  his  Excellency  upon  the  newly  elected  officers. 
The  Company  escorted  Gov.  Brooks  (1786)  to  the  State  House,  thence  retired  to 
Faneuil  Hall,  where  the  usual  votes  were  passed. 

1  The  following  appeared  as  a  at  five  o'clock  p.  M.,  to  see  the  performances  of  those 

„-.  patriots  who  fought,  bled,  and  died  for  their  coun- 

iNOTICE.  trv  jn  j^g  tjmes  lnat  trjefj  men's  S0U]S)  which  are 

"All  the  boys  and  girls  in  town,  and  as  many  to   be   repeated   for  the   hundred  and   eighty-third 

from   the  country  as  can   make   it   convenient  to  time  successively,  and  expressly  for  their  amuse- 

attend,  white,  black,  and  mixed,  are  hereby  notified  ment."  —  Boston  Galaxy,  June  2,  1821. 
to  assemble  on  Boston  Common  on  Monday  next, 


,g2I]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  459 

The  sermon  of  Prof.  Everett  (1836)  was  never  printed,  because  he  declined  to  give 
a  copy  of  it  to  the  Company.    Prof.  Everett  (1836)  replied  to  the  Company  as  follows  :  — 

Cambridge,  June  6,  182 1. 
The  Gentlemen,  Past  Officers  of  the  A.  &  H.  A.  Company  : 

Gentlemen,  —  I  feel  much  flattered  by  the  polite  request  of  a  copy  of  my  sermon 
for  the  press,  which  you  have  made  me,  on  behalf  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery Company.  I  should  feel  most  happy,  in  complying  therewith,  to  testify  my  respect 
for  the  institution  on  the  anniversary  of  which  it  was  preached.  Considerations,  with 
which  I  will  not  trouble  you,  having  led  me  to  withhold  copies  of  several  occasional 
sermons,  when  asked  by  the  respectable  societies  at  whose  public  meetings  they  were 
preached,  I  scarcely  feel  at  liberty  to  make  an  exception  in  the  present  instance.  I 
must  beg  you,  therefore,  in  presenting  my  best  acknowledgments  to  the  gentlemen  of 
the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  for  the  honor  their  request  does  me,  to 
procure  for  me  their  permission  to  decline  complying  with  it.  I  have  the  honor  to  be, 
gentlemen,  with  high  respect,  Your  faithful,  humble  servant, 

Edward  Everett. 

Col.  Abraham  Eustis,  then  commanding  in  Boston  Harbor,  permitted  the  band 
attached  to  his  command  to  furnish  music  for  the  Company  on  this  anniversary  day, 
and  the  Company  presented  to  him  thirty  dollars,  to  be  expended  for  the  benefit  of  the 
band  in  such  manner  as  he  might  think  expedient.  After  Gen.  Salem  Towne,  Jr.,  had 
been  proposed  as  an  honorary  member,  the  Company  retired  to  its  evening  collation, 
and  was  then  dismissed. 

Now,  for  the  first  time  since  its  institution,  as  we  judge  by  the  records,  the  Com- 
pany assumed  that  appearance  which  its  founder  wished  and  anticipated.  His  (Capt. 
Keayne's  [1637])  revered  memory  was  borne  on  their  lips  at  the  festive  board  ;  and  the 
religious  ceremonies,  the  military  manoeuvres  of  the  Company,  the  jocund  song,  the 
feast  of  mirth  and  flow  of  soul,  all  contributed  to  make  this  a  distinguished  day  in  its 
annals.  The  new  commander,  on  receiving  his  commission  from  the  governor,  expressed 
the  principles,  motives,  and  designs  which  had  led  to  the  great  revival  of  the  Company ; 
and  as  the  commander-in-chief,  who  was  one  of  the  honorary  members,  and  who  had 
twice  been  the  commander  of  the  Company,  requested  its  insertion  on  the  records,  a 
minute  of  the  same  was  furnished  by  the  commander  from  memory,  and  is  as  follows :  — 
"  May  it  please  your  Excellency  :  The  novel  appearance  which  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  presents  to-day  is  not  a  consequence  of  the  adoption  of 
any  new  theory,  but  it  is  the  exemplification  of  the  original  principles  of  one  of  the 
oldest  charters  in  our  statute  book.  The  Company  was  instituted  as  a  school  for  officers, 
and  as  such  it  now  appears.  Aware  that  there  is  no  means  by  which  the  militia  can  be 
improved  so  rapidly  as  by  that  of  diffusing  practical  information  among  those  who  have 
authority  in  it,  the  officers  of  ambition  and  honor  belonging  to  all  the  corps,  and  of  all 
grades  in  the  staff  and  in  the  line,  whom  you  this  day  see  in  the  extended  ranks  of  the 
Company,  have  associated  themselves  with  the  old  members  of  this  venerable  institution, 
with  the  view  of  establishing  an  uniformity  of  drill  and  discipline  throughout  the  whole 
body  of  the  militia.  They  intend  to  conform  their  own  conduct  to  the  principles  which 
it  is  their  duty  to  teach ;  to  show  that  submission  to  authority  which  they  require  of 
their  subordinates,  and  to  illustrate  to  the  government  and  the  community  the  great 


460  HISTORY    OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND  [,821 

principle  of  subordination,  which  is  the  beauty  and  the  strength  and  the  pride  of  our 
militia  system.  To  make  this  principle  striking,  they  appear  in  the  uniform  of  their 
several  commissions.  To  make  their  exercises  useful,  they  will  practice  themselves  in 
the  formations,  manoeuvres,  and  ceremonies  prescribed  by  the  rules  and  regulations 
which  have  lately  been  established  by  Congress  for  their  government.  But  as  these  are 
founded  in  principles  entirely  different  from  those  which  have  been  our  guide,  we  have 
almost  everything  to  learn  not  only,  but  we  have  much  to  unlearn.  Before  we  plant  the 
young  orchard  we  must  root  out  the  stumps  of  old  prejudices ;  and  even  after  all  that 
is  done,  the  trees  must  have  time  to  grow.  Your  Excellency  will  not,  therefore,  expect 
our  progress  to  be  very  rapid.  The  trees  will  be  planted  in  a  rich  soil,  however,  and,  if 
they  are  properly  cultivated,  will  produce  thrifty  scions',  to  engraft  into  all  the  regiments, 
brigades,  and  divisions  in  the  State.  To  carry  into  effect  the  enlarged  views  of  the 
Company,  their  command,  with  greater  propriety,  should  have  been  committed  to  a 
more  practical  officer.  But  as  his  protestations  against  the  selection  they  have  made 
were  unavailing,  his  efforts  to  promote  their  views  shall  be  unceasing.  With  what 
success  they  shall  be  attended,  by  the  appearance  of  the  Company  at  their  next  anni- 
versary, your  Excellency  will  determine.  Coming  from  the  ranks  of  a  Company  filled 
with  officers  from  the  highest  to  the  lowest  grade,  clothed  in  the  uniform  of  their 
respective  corps,  whose  splendid  appearance  and  military  deportment  have  so  forcibly 
illustrated  the  great  design  of  its  founder,  I  should  indulge  myself  in  the  expression  of 
the  enthusiasm  which  I  feel,  were  I  not  oppressed  with  a  sense  of  the  weight  of  that 
responsibility  which  devolves  upon  me.  Fear,  as  well  as  hope,  is  now  made  a  high 
incentive  to  my  exertions.  In  the  exercise  of  my  powers,  that  I  may  not  fulfil  the  just 
expectations  of  the  Company  —  this  is  my  fear.  When  I  shall  resign  my  authority,  that 
I  may  receive  your  approbation  of  my  services  —  this  is  my  hope.  That  I  shall  receive 
it  if  it  be  deserved  —  this  is  my  confidence." 

A  business  meeting  of  the  Artillery  Company  was  held  June  25.  The  death  of  Silas 
Dodd  (1816)  was  announced  by  Capt.  James  N.  Staples  (1816),  and  the  Company  voted 
to  wear  the  usual  badge  of  mourning  for  thirty  days.  Mr.  Joshua  Hardy,  of  Boston,  had 
for  many  years  been  employed  by  the  Company  as  a  drummer.  He  had  become  old 
in  its  service  and  was  in  indigent  circumstances,  whereupon  the  Company  voted  a 
gratuity  to  relieve  his  distress. 

The  Company  met  July  23  and  30  for  business.  At  the  latter  meeting  it  was 
determined  to  purchase  one  hundred  body-belts,  of  white  varnished  leather,  for  the  use 
of  the  Company. 

In  the  summer  of  182 1  the  corps  of  National  Cadets  visited  Boston.  They  left 
West  Point  on  Friday,  July  20,  and  proceeded  in  two  steamboats  to  Albany,  thence 
they  marched  leisurely  to  Boston,  arriving  in  the  forenoon  of  Aug.  7.  Their  camp 
the  night  of  the  6th  was  on  the  estate  of  Gen.  H.  A.  S.  Dearborn  (1816),  in  Roxbury, 
on  rising  ground  near  the  house.  The  Cadets  were  introduced  to  the  field  by  the 
Norfolk  Guards,  under  Capt.  Doggett  (1821).  Toward  evening  they  partook  of  the 
general's  hospitality  at  a  sumptuous  repast,  prepared  under  a  large  marquee  on  his 
grounds. 

Tuesday  morning,  Aug.  7,  the  Cadets  halted  at  "  the  southern  barrier  of  the  town, 
on  the  Neck."  Here  they  were  met  by  the  selectmen  of  Boston,  who  welcomed  them 
to  the  town,  while  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery,  and  the  Boston  artillery  under 
Capt.  Lobdell  (1821),  were  firing  salutes.     The  corps  encamped  upon  the  Common.    A 


i82ij  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  461 

collation  was  served  to  them  Tuesday  afternoon,  in  Concert  Hall ;  Wednesday  they  were 
feasted  in  "The  Odeon,"  and  later  a  magnificent  entertainment  was  given  in  honor  of 
the  Cadets  by  the  military  of  Boston  in  Faneuil  Hall.  They  also  marched  to  Quincy, 
and  had  breakfast  with  John  Adams.  Aug.  10  they  visited  Cambridge,  and  on  Saturday, 
Aug.  n,  they  were  presented  with  a  stand  of  colors  by  the  selectmen  in  behalf  of  the 
town.     The  Cadets  started  on  their  return  march  Saturday,  Aug.  18. 

In  all  the  exercises  on  this  interesting  occasion,  —  in  the  welcome,  in  the  profusion 
of  hospitality,  in  the  escorts,  entertainments,  and  salutes,  — members  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  were  active  and  prominent. 

Meetings  for  drill  and  business  were  held  Aug.  6,  13,  20,  27,  and  31.  On  the  latter 
occasion,  Friday  afternoon,  the  Company  marched  in  citizen's  dress  to  the  Common  and 
held  a  drill. 

Sept.  3,  being  their  first  fall  field-day  in  182 1,  the  Company  paraded  in  full  uniform, 
under  command  of  Gen.  William  H.  Sumner  (1819),  and  proceeded  to  South  Boston, 
where,  although  it  was  raining,  the  Company  went  through  with  their  drill  and  firings. 
On  returning  to  the  Hall,  the  usual  collation  was  provided. 

The  Company  met  for  drill  and  business  Sept.  10.  For  years  the  Artillery  Company 
and  other  military  organizations  in  Boston  had  experienced  great  difficulty  in  procuring 
music.  The  band  in  Boston  —  probably  the  "Green  Dragon,"  so  called  —  was  inclined 
to  be  exorbitant  in  its  charges,  and  could  not  always  be  procured  when  its  services  were 
desired.  These  circumstances  caused  the  Artillery  Company  to  procure,  when  possible, 
the  services  of  the  United  States  band  stationed  at  the  fort  in  Boston  Harbor.  In  1821 
the  trouble  became  so  aggravating  that  Gen.  William  Sullivan  (1819)  conceived  the  idea 
of  forming  a  new  band  in  Boston,  to  be  at  the  disposal  of  the  Boston  Brigade  of  Infantry, 
and  certain  specified  military  companies.  Major  Stephen  Fairbanks  (1820)  presented 
to  the  Artillery  Company,  Sept.  10,  the  following  agreement  between  Brig.-Gen.  William 
Sullivan  (1819);  of  the  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  in  behalf  of  the  brigade,  Indepen- 
dent Cadets,  and  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  on  the  one  part,  and  of  the 
signers  to  the  same  instrument  as  musicians  on  the  other  part,  for  a  new  band  of  music. 
This  agreement  was  unanimously  accepted  by  the  Artillery  Company. 

"Agreement.  —  This  agreement  made  this  tenth  day  of  September  182 1,  between 
William    Sullivan   [1819]  of  Boston   Esquire,  as   he   is  the   commandant  of  the   third 

Brigade  in  the  first  Division  of  Mass  Militia  on  the  one  part  and on  the  second,  or 

the  other  part,  Witnesseth  — 

"  That  they  of  the  second  part  have  been  duly  enlisted  as  members  of  the  Band  of 
Musick  for  the  third  Brigade  and  have  received  warrants  accordingly  ;  and  are  holden 
to  military  law  and  usage  accordingly.  But  for  the  better  understanding  of  rights  and 
duties  and  for  the  preventing  of  all  disagreement,  it  is  hereby  expressly  agreed  :  first, 
That  they  of  the  second  part  [each  one  in  all  things  here  expressed  engaging  only  for 
himself  and  not  for  each  other]  shall  forthwith  provide  themselves  with  suitable  Musical 
instruments,  and  with  a  proper  uniform,  at  his  own  expense,  and  will  keep  himself  so 
provided  and  equipped.  Second,  that  they  of  the  second  part  will  appear  at  all  times 
during  the  continuance  of  their  membership  of  this  Band,  whenever  the  Brigade  shall 
be  called  out  and  perform  the  duty  of  a  Band  of  Musick  in  a  faithful,  obedient  and 
proper  manner,  without  any  compensation.  Third,  that  they  of  the  second  part,  will 
turn  out  properly  provided  and  uniformed,  to  perform  in  a  faithful,  obedient  and  proper 
manner,  for  any  Military  Company  within  the  town  of  Boston  whenever  requested  so  to 


4^2  HISTORY   OF   THE   ANCIENT   AND  rl8sl 

do,  as  a  Band  of  Musick,  and  will  do  their  duty  for  the  compensation  of  four  dollars 
to  each  member  of  the  Band,  who  turns  out,  and  so  performs,  for  one  day  :  and  for  the 
further  compensation  of  being  provided  with  seasonable  dinner,  liquors  and  refreshment, 
when  the  Company  employing  them  dine  together,  and  their  attendance  is  requested  : 
Provided,  however,  that  if  the  members  of  the  Band  prefer  to  withdraw  and  dine  at 
their  own  expense,  they  may  do  so ;  and  in  such  case,  shall  receive  five  dollars  instead 
of  four  dollars;  but  shall  return  in  due  time  if  their  services  are  wanted.  Fourth,  that 
they  of  the  second  part  will  so  turn  out  and  perform  for  any  space  of  time,  not  exceed- 
ing half  a  day,  for  any  Military  Company  in  Boston,  when  requested,  for  the  compen- 
sation of  three  dollars  to  each  member  of  the  Band,  who  turns  out  and  performs.  Fifth, 
They  of  the  second  part  further  agree  that  if  any  [each  one  herein  agreeing  for  himself 
and  not  for  each  other]  shall  on  any  occasion  fail  to  perform  in  manner  aforesaid,  his 
payment  for  the  time  being  shall  be  stopped,  and  he  shall  moreover  be  liable  to  imme- 
diate dismissal  from  the  Band,  and  to  enrollment  in  the  Militia,  if  liable  to  do  duty 
therein.  Sixth,  And  the  said  William  Sullivan  [1819],  Brigadier  General  of  said  Brigade, 
for  himself  and  his  successors  in  office,  and  in  behalf  of  the  Military  Companies,  within 
the  town  of  Boston,  hereby  agrees  with  the  individuals  composing  the  second  party  in  this 
agreement;  That  so  long  as  they. of  the  second  part  keep  themselves  provided  with 
Musical  instruments,  and  with  an  uniform,  and  so  long  as  they  turn  out  and  perform  as 
a  Band  of  Musick,  in  the  manner  herein  before  stated,  they  shall  receive  the  compen- 
sation herein  before  set  forth  ;  and  that  no  other  Band  of  Musick  shall  be  used,  employed 
or  permitted  to  play  for  the  said  Brigade  or  for  any  Military  Company  in  the  town  of 
Boston,  unless  it  so  happens  that  two  or  more  companies  parade  on  the  same  day,  and 
more  than  one  Band  of  Musick  is  necessary.  And  it  is  expressly  understood,  that  this 
agreement  is  to  extend  to  the  Independent  Company  of  Cadets  and  to  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company.  It  is  further  agreed  that  the  evidence  of  this  agreement 
by  the  several  companies  in  the  town  of  Boston,  shall  be  a  recorded  vote  of  the  Com- 
pany, that  the  same  is  by  such  Company  adopted.  And  they  of  the  second  part  shall 
hold  themselves  bound  and  engaged  to  every  Company  to  turn  out  and  perform,  which 
shall  so  accept  this  agreement.  It  is  further  agreed  between  the  parties  that  in  case 
of  any  breach  of  the  terms  of  this  agreement,  [complaint]  in  writing,  signed  by  the 
complainant,  shall  be  forthwith  made  to  the  commandant  for  the  time  being,  of  the 
Brigade.  In  witness  whereof  the  parties  have  hereunto  set  their  names  the  day  and  year 
first  above  said.  Win  Sullivan  [1819],  Brig  Gen  3  B.  1  D." 

The  names  of  the  party  of  the  second  part  are  not  known.  This  agreement  gave 
birth  to  the  Boston  Brigade  Band,  of  which,  at  its  organization  in  182 1,  a  Mr.  Fillebrown 
was  the  leader.  It  continued  its  organization  until  1835,  when  it  united  with  the 
"  Green  Dragon  "  Band  and  formed  the  Boston  Brass  Band,  with  Mr.  Edward  Kendall 
as  leader.  The  band  grew  in  proficiency,  and  became  quite  celebrated.  It  existed 
until  1 86 1,  when  it  was  dissolved  by  Mr.  Eben  Flagg. 

Sept.  17,  Monday  evening,  the  Company  met  for  drill,  under  command  of  the 
lieutenant,  Lieut.-Col.  Theodore  Lyman,  Jr.  (1820). 

Oct.  1,  the  day  being  very  disagreeable,  the  order  to  meet  on  that  day  was  counter- 
manded, and  the  Company  met  Friday,  Oct.  5,  at  three  o'clock  p.  M.  After  the  business 
had  been  transacted  the  Company  marched  to  the  Common,  went  through  their  firings 
and  manoeuvres,  and  returned  to  the  Hall,  where  a  collation  was  served. 


iS2i]  HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY.  463 

Meetings  of  the  Company  were  frequently  held  during  November  and  December, 
the  last  one  for  the  year  being  on  the  evening  of  the  31st  of  December.  Peter 
Mackintosh,  Jr.  (1820),  made  an  exhaustive  report  in  regard  to  the  reduction  of  the. 
admission  fee. 

The  history  of  the  Company  during  182 1  shows  its  unparalleled  prosperity.  Its 
active  membership  had  never  before  been  so  large,  meetings  for  drill  and  business 
never  so  frequent,  nor  the  "school  for  officers"  ever  more  united  and  progressive. 

Rev.  Edward  Everett  (1836),  of  Boston,  delivered  the  Artillery  election  sermon  of 
1 82 1.  He  was  a  son  of  Oliver  and  Lucy  (Hill)  Everett,  and  was  born  in  Dorchester, 
April  11,  1794-  He  attended  first  the  public  schools  of  his  native  town,  and  subse- 
quently those  of  Boston.  On  his  graduation  at  the  school  in  North  Bennet  Street, 
Boston,  he  received  a  Franklin  medal.  After  attending  for  a  short  time  a  private  school 
in  Boston,  he  entered  the  public  Latin  School,  graduating  therefrom  in  1805.  He 
remained  for  a  few  months  in  1807  at  the  Exeter  (N.  H.)  Academy,  and  graduated 
from  Harvard  College  in  181 1.  The  following  year  he  was  appointed  Latin  tutor  in  the 
college.  It  was  his  intention  to  study  law,  but  through  the  influence  of  the  pastor  of 
the  church  which  his  parents'attended,  he  studied  divinity  while  officiating  as  tutor. 
In  18 13  he  became  pastor  of  the  Brattle  Street  Church,  in  Boston.  During  his  ministry 
the  popularity  of  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  was  unbounded.  In  1815  Mr.  Everett  (1836) 
was  appointed  professor  of  Greek  literature  in  Harvard  College,  which  station  he  occu- 
pied until  1826.  Shortly  after  his  induction  into  this  office  he  visited  Europe,  having 
as  a  fellow-traveller  for  much  of  his  journeying  Gen.  Theodore  Lyman  (1820).  For  two 
years  he  resided  at  Gottingen,  employed  in  those  branches  of  study  appropriate  to  his 
new  sphere.  Afterward  he  continued  his  travels  through  Europe,  and  returned  to  the 
United  States  after  an  absence  of  four  years.  He  then  resumed  the  duties  of  his  pro- 
fessorship at  Cambridge,  and  also  was  engaged  in  the  editorial  care  of  the  North 
American  Review.  May  8,  1822,  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  married  Charlotte  Gray,  a 
daughter  of  Peter  C.  Brooks,  of  Boston.  In  1824  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  became  a  candi- 
date for  the  National  House  of  Representatives,  to  which  he  was  elected,  and  took 
his  seat  therein  in  December,  1825.  Ten  years  later  he  withdrew  from  the  councils 
of  the  nation,  being  chosen  in  1835  governor  of  the  State  of  Massachusetts.  He 
served  in  this  position  for  four  years,  being  succeeded  in  1840  by  Gov.  Marcus 
Morton  (1840). 

Mr.  Everett  (1836)  embarked  for  Europe  in  1840.  At  a  jubilee  dinner  prior  to 
his  departure,  Hon.  Judge  Story  gave  as  a  sentiment,  "  Learning,  genius,  and  eloquence 
are  sure  to  be  welcome  where  Ever-ett  goes";  on  which  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  promptly 
gave,  "  Law,  Equity,  and  Jurisprudence  :  all  their  efforts  to  rise  will  never  be  able  to 
get  above  one  Story."  While  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  was  in  Italy  in  1841,  the  minister  at 
the  Court  of  St.  James  having  been  recalled,  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  was  appointed  his 
successor,  where  he  remained  until  the  accession  of  President  Polk.  He  arrived  in 
London  to  enter  upon  the  duties  of  his  mission  at  the  close  of  the  year  184 1.  Mr. 
Everett  (1836),  after  a  very  creditable  career  as  minister  to  Great  Britain,  returned  to 

Rev.  Edward  Everett  (1836).   Authorities:  Hundred  Boston  Orators;  address  by  Richard  H. 

Proceedings   Mass.   Hist.  Society,    1864,   1865,  pp.  Dana,  Jr.,   Feb.   22,   1865,    at  Cambridge,  on    tlie 

101-170;     1869,   1870,  p.   107:    Everett  Memorial,  "Life  and  Services  of  Edward  Everett." 
published    by   the   city  of   Boston;    Loring's  One 


464  '     HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT  AND  [,82I 

Boston  in  the  autumn  of  1845.  President  Quincy  having  resigned  the  care  of  Harvard 
University,  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  was  requested  to  accept  the  vacant  presidency.  He  was 
inaugurated  in  this  important  station  April  30,  1846,  when  Hon.  Robert  C.  Winthrop 
(1830)  gave  this  sentiment  at  a  public  dinner:  "This  occasion,  which  witnesses  the 
consecration  of  the  highest  genius  of  our  country  to  its  noblest  service."  President 
Everett  (1836)  continued  closely  devoted  to  the  interests  of  Harvard  College  until  he 
was  compelled  by  the  state  of  his  health  to  resign  that  office,  and  was  succeeded  by 
Jared  Sparks,  June  20,  1849. 

In  1852  Hon.  Daniel  Webster  came  home  sick  to  Marshfield  and  died.  A  tele- 
graphic despatch  summoned  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  to  Washington  to  take  charge  of  the 
department  of  state.  Business  had  accumulated  during  Mr.  Webster's  illness,  but  Mr. 
Everett  (1836)  applied  himself  to  his  work  with  his  usual  method  and  laboriousness. 
On  the  election  of  Mr.  Pierce  to  the  presidency,  and  his  inauguration,  March  4,  1853, 
Mr.  Everett's  (1836)  service  as  secretary  of  state  ended,  but  on  that  day  he  became  a 
member  of  the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  to  which  he  had  been  elected  by  the 
Legislature  of  Massachusetts.  The  final  consideration  of  the  Kansas  Nebraska  Bill,  and 
the  refusal  of  the  Senate  to  allow  him  to  record  his  vote  against  it,  ended  his  official 
public  life,  for  in  May,  1853,  "by  advice  of  his  physicians,  and  unwilling  to  perform 
imperfectly  the  duties  of  such  a  position,"  he  resigned  his  seat. 

Notwithstanding  the  condition  of  his  health,  he  prepared  a  discourse  upon  the 
character  of  Washington,  to  be  delivered  throughout  the  country,  in  aid  of  the  purchase 
of  Mount  Vernon.  He  spoke  it  in  all  parts  of  the  country, — one  hundred  and  twenty- 
nine  times, — obtaining  by  the  sale  of  tickets  about  fifty  thousand  dollars  in  aid  of  the 
fund.  In  i860  he  accepted  the  nomination  of  vice-president  from  a  party  organized 
upon  a  principle  of  compromise  between  the  Republicans  and  the  Democrats. 

At  length  the  war  began  by  the  slave  power  in  rebellion,  and  Mr.  Everett  (1836) 
threw  the  weight  of  his  character,  influence,  and  powers  into  the  scale  for  the  national 
life.  He  enlisted,  not  waiting  for  conscription  or  bounty,  in  the  only  arm  of  the 
service  for  which  his  years  fitted  him.  "  I  am  an  old  man,"  he  said  ;  "  there  is  nothing 
of  me  left  with  which  I  can  serve  my  country  except  my  lips."  Sixty  times  in  thirty 
weeks  he  delivered  his  address  upon  the  character  of  the  war,  which  was  first  spoken  in 
Boston,  Oct.  1 6,  1861.  He  answered  to  every  call  of  benevolence  and  patriotism. 
"The  Cradle  of  Liberty"  received  his  last  public  utterance,  in  behalf  of  the  sufferers  at 
Savannah,  Ga.     Mr.  Everett  (1836)  died  Jan.  15,  1865. 

A  statue  to  the  memory  of  Mr.  Everett  (1836)  stands  in  the  Public  Gardens, 
Boston.  It  was  erected  by  a  public  subscription  in  1865,  and  the  purpose  was  so 
popular  that,  with  the  surplus,  after  the  statue  was  paid  for,  a  portrait  of  Mr.  Everett 
(1836)  was  placed  in  Faneuil  Hall,  five  thousand  dollars  were  given  to  the  equestrian 
statue  of  George  Washington,  and  ten  thousand  to  the  Gov.  Andrew  statue  fund. 

Oct.  3,  1836,  the  Artillery  Company  returned  to  the  armory,  after  the  field-day 
parade,  at  six  o'clock  p.  M.  Having  deposited  their  arms,  on  motion  of  Col.  Bigelow 
(1833),  his  Excellency  Edward  Everett  was  unanimously  admitted  an  honorary  member 
of  the  Company. 


HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY. 


465 


Selectmen  of  the  Town  of  Boston,  Mass. 

From  1634  to  1821  inclusive,  two  hundred  and  seventy-four  persons  served  in  the 
office  of  selectmen  of  Boston,  the  aggregate  number  of  their  terms  of  service  being 
fifteen  hundred  and  forty-two.  One  hundred  and  ten  persons  of  this  number  were 
members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  who  served  in  the  aggregate 
five  hundred  and  fifty  terms.  A  term  was  one  year,  except  from  1634  to  1641  inclusive, 
when  selectmen  were  elected  for  terms  of  six  months  only. 

In  the  following  lists,  the  date  preceding  the  name  indicates  the  first  year  of  service 
in  the  office  mentioned ;  the  inclosed  date,  the  year  when  the  person  joined  the  Artillery 
Company,  and  the  numeral  following  indicates  the  terms  or  years  of  service  in  that  office. 


Terms. 

1634 

John  Underhill  (1637)      .     . 

2 

1639 

1634 

Robert  Harding  (1637)    .     . 

6 

1639 

1634 

John  Coggan  (1638)    .     .     . 

3 

1640 

1636 

William  Aspinwall  (1643) 

2 

1641 

1636 

Robert  Keayne  (1637)     .     . 

V 

6 

ears. 

1641 

164s 

Edward  Tyng  (1642)  .     .     . 

3 

1679 

1645 

Thomas  Fowle  (1639)      .     . 

2 

1688 

1647 

Anthony  Stoddard  (1639)     . 

5 

1688 

1647 

Thomas  Marshall  (1640)  . 

1 1 

1688 

1647 

William  Davis  (1643)  •     • 

iS 

1690 

1649 

Jeremiah  Howchin  (1641)    . 

6 

1691 

1650 

Thomas  Clarke  (1644)     .     . 

3 

1691 

1651 

Richard  Parker  (1638)     .     . 

1 

1692 

1651 

John  Leverett  (1639)  .     .     . 

1 

1693 

1652 

Adam  Winthrop  (1642)    .     . 

1 

1693 

1652 

Thomas  Savage  (1637)     .     . 

1 

1693 

1652 

Edward  Hutchinson  (1638)  . 

2 

1693 

1653 

James  Oliver  (1640)    .     .     . 

21 

1694 

l653 

Samuel  Cole  (1637)     .     .     . 

5 

1694 

1653 

Peter  Oliver  (1643)      •     ■     • 

14 

1696 

165S 

William  Paddy  (1652)     .     . 

4 

1697 

1657 

Joshua  Scottow  (1645)      .     . 

1 1 

1698 

1658 

John  Hull  (1660)    .... 

10 

1699 

1658 

Thomas  Lake  (1653)  .     ,     . 

19 

1699 

1658 

Jacob  Sheaf e  (1648)    .     .     . 

2 

1700 

>659 

Hezekiah  Usher  (1638)    .     . 

18 

1701 

1660 

Nathaniel  Williams  (1644)    • 

2 

1701 

1668 

John  Richards  (1644) .     .     . 

6 

1701 

1671 

Thomas  Brattle  (1675)      •     • 

13 

1702 

1676 

Daniel  Turell  (1660)   .     .     . 

'5 

1703 

1677 

Henry  Allen  (1658)     .     .     . 

1 1 

1704 

1678 

Elisha  Hutchinson  (1670) 

9 

1705 

Edward  Gibbons  (1637) 
William  Tyng  (1638)  . 
Atherton  Hough  (1643) 
John  Oliver  (1637) 
Valentine  Hill  (1638)  . 

Theophilus  Frary  (1666)  . 
Penn  Townsend  (1674)  . 
James  Hill  (1677I  .  .  . 
Adam  Winthrop  (1692)  . 
John  Foster  (1679)  •  • 
Bozoun  Allen  (1676)  .  . 
Jeremiah  Dummer  (1671) 
Joseph  Bridgham  (1674)  . 
Samuel  Checkley  (1678)  . 
Timothy  Thornton  (1691) 
Ephraim  Savage  (1674)  . 
Nathaniel  Williams  (1667) 
John  Eyre  (1682)  .  .  . 
Edward  Bromfield  (1679) 
Thomas  Hunt  (1685)  .  . 
John  Marion,  Jr.  (1691)  . 
Simeon  Stoddard  (1675)  • 
Samuel  Lynde  (1691)  .  . 
Timothy  Clarke  (1702)  . 
Robert  Gibbs  (1692)  .  . 
John  Barnard  (1677)  .  . 
John  George  (1702)  .  . 
Giles  Dyer  (1680)  .  .  . 
Thomas  Savage  (1693) 
Thomas  Fitch  (1700)  .  . 
Thomas  Jackson  (1692)  . 
Thomas  Cushing  (1691)  . 


Terms. 

9 

9 

I 

4 

7 

Years. 
10 

5 
4 
3 
3 
8 
2 
1 

4 
2 
6 

1 
2 
2 

3 

20 

1 

1 
10 

3 
6 

1 
4 
3 
3 
3 
12 


466 


HISTORY   OF  THE   ANCIENT   AND 


1705  Daniel  Powning  (1691)    . 

1706  Thomas  Hutchinson  (1694) 

1709  Samuel  Marshall  (1685)    . 

1710  Edward  Martyn  (1702)    . 

1 71 1  Edward  Hutchinson  (1702) 

17 1 1  Addington  Davenport  (1692) 

17 12  Francis  Clarke  (1701) 

1713  John  George  (1702)     .     . 

1713  William  Paine  ( 1 691)  .     . 

1714  Edward  Winslow  (1700)  . 

1715  Habijah  Savage  (1699)  . 
1715  John  Baker  (1703).  .  . 
1 7 19  Elisha  Cooke,  Jr.  (1699) . 
1 7 19  William  Clark  (1699)  .     . 

1 72 1  William  Hutchinson  (1703) 

1 72 1  Nathaniel  Green  (1722)   . 

1723  Ezekiel  Lewis  (1707)  .     . 

1727  John  Hunt  (1709)  .     .     . 

1727  Jonathan  Williams  (171 1) 

1729  Jonathan  Loring  (1704)    . 

!73°  Joshua  Cheever  (1732)     . 

1732  Edward  Bromfield,  Jr.  (1732) 

1732  William  Downe  (1716)     .     . 


Years. 
6 

2 

2 

1 

4 
1 
2 
1 
1 
1 
4 
7 
S 
4 
1 
6 
4 
3 
3 
3 
3 
4 
4 


1736  Caleb  Lyman  (1732)  . 

1744  William  Salter  (1733)  • 

1746  Abiel  Walley  (1710)    . 

1747  Jeremiah  Belknap,  Jr.  (1745) 
1752  Joseph  Jackson  (1738)     . 
1763  Nathaniel  Thwing  (176 1 ) 
1766  William  Phillips  (1762)    . 
1777  Thomas  Greenough  (1744) 
1777  Jonathan  Williams  (1729) 

1784  John  Lucas  (1786)      .     . 

1785  William  Cunningham  (1786) 
1787  William  Bordman  (1786) 
1790  Thomas  Crafts  (1765) 
1796  Russell  Sturgis  (1786) 
1803  John  May  (1786)     .     . 
181 2  Joseph  Lovering  (1788) 
1816  John  Bray  (1788)    .     . 
1816  Turner  Phillips  (1786) 
1816  John  Howe  (1792) 
1820  Samuel  Billings  (1801) 
1820  Jonathan  Loring  (1792) 
1820  Robert  Fennelly  (1806) 
1820  David  W.  Child  (1796) 


Years. 

7 
7 
2 
1 
9 
3 
2 

3 
3 
1 
2 
10 

7 
6 


Previous  to  1693  the  person  who  kept  the  books  of  the  town  of  Boston  was  called 
"town  recorder."  From  1641  to  1693  there  were  nine  persons  who  held  this  office,  of 
whom  seven  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  viz. :  — 


1641  John  Oliver  (1637)      .     . 

1650  Anthony  Stoddard  (1639) 

1 65 1  Thomas  Savage  (1637) 
1654  Thomas  Marshall  (1640)  . 


Years. 

■     4 

2 

.     2 


1655  William  Davis  (1643)  . 
1662  Hezekiah  Usher  (1665) 
1692  -  Joseph  Bridgham  (1674) 


Years. 

■     7 
.     6 


The  town  recorder  became  known  as  town  clerk  in  1693.  From  that  time  until 
1822  — when  the  town  became  a  city —eight  persons  held  the  office  of  town  clerk,  of 
whom  six  were  members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  viz. :  — 


1693     Ephraim  Savage  (1674) 
1697     William  Griggs  (1675) 
1701     Joseph  Prout  (1674)    . 


Years. 

•  4  1721 

•  4  1734 
.  20  1809 


Samuel  Checkley  (1678)  . 
Samuel  Gerrish  (1709)  . 
Thomas  Clark  (1786)  .     . 


Years. 

•  J3 

•  7 
.   12 


In  1636,  Mr.  John  Coggan  (1638)  was  chosen  treasurer,  to  disburse  the  funds  for 
the  new  work  on  Fort  Hill,  and  in  1636  Robert  Keayne  (1637)  was  authorized  to  receive 
certain  fines.  In  1641  John  Oliver  (1637)  was  chosen  "Treasurer  for  the  Towne  and 
to  keep"  the  Towne's  booke."  The  treasurer  was  chosen  from  1641  to  1660  by  the 
selectmen ;  from  1660  to  1690,  sometimes  by  the  selectmen  and  sometimes  by  the  town 


HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY. 


467 


meeting,  and  from  1690  to  182 1  by  the  town  meeting.  Twenty-five  persons  held  the 
office  of  treasurer  of  the  town  of  Boston  between  1640  and  1822,  of  whom  eleven  were 
members  of  the  Artillery  Company,  viz. :  — 


1641  John  Oliver  (1637)      .     . 

165 1  Edward  Tyng  (1642)  .     . 

1652  Edward  Hutchinson  (1638) 
1654  William  Davis  (1643)  .     . 
1658  John  Hull  (1660)     .     .     . 

1 66 1  Joshua  Scottow  (1645) 


Years. 

Years. 

■     ■     4 

1668 

John  Richards  (1644) 

.     .     6 

1 

1674 

Thomas  Brattle  (1675)     . 

•     •     9 

2 

1703 

Joseph  Prout  (1674)    .     . 

•     •  i7 

•     •     4 

1814 

Andrew  Sigourney  (1806) 

.     .     6 

.     .     8 
.     .     1 

1820 

Turner  Phillips  (1786)     . 

.     .     2 

The  overseers  of  the  poor  of  the 
one    hundred   and    thirty  years,    or 
persons    served    as  overseers  of  the 
Artillery  Company  :  — 


town  of  Boston  were  first  elected  in  1691.     During 

from    1691    to    1822,   one    hundred    and    fifty-four 

poor,  of  whom  fifty-nine  were   members  of  the 


Years. 

Years. 

1 7 14     Jeremiah  Allen  (1694)      .     .     . 

1 

I731 

John  Hunt  (1709)  .... 

6 

1720     John  Alford  (1714)      .     .     • 

2 

1734 

Thomas  Hubbard  (1732) 

22 

1692     Edmund  Brown  (1691)     .     . 

1 

1735 

Daniel  Henchman  (17 12) 

21 

1700     Nathaniel  Byfield  (1679)       .     . 

2 

1707 

Samuel  Keeling  (1699)     .     . 

3 

1702     Edward  Bromfield  (1679)     . 

4 

1692 

Samuel  Lynde  ( 1 691)  .     .     . 

9 

1704     Thomas  Brattle  (1675)     •     • 

2 

1767 

John  Leverett  (1750)  .     .     . 

9 

1704     John  Borland  (1692)   .     .     . 

3 

1715 

Edward  Martyn  (1702)    .     . 

2 

1709     John  Ballentine  (1682)     .     . 

1 

1704 

Thomas  Palmer  (1702)     .     . 

8 

1735     Edward  Bromfield  (1732)     . 

21 

1708 

Benjamin  Pemberton  (1707) 

1 

1776     Samuel  Barrett  (1755)     .     . 

8 

1742 

John  Phillips  (1725)    .     .     . 

21 

1691     William  Colman  (1676)    .     . 

1 

1756 

William  Phillips  (1762)    .     . 

22 

1692     Samuel  Checkley  (1678)  .     . 

1 

1775 

Edward  Proctor  (1756)    .     . 

36 

1703     Robert  Calef,  Jr.  (1710)  .     . 

1 

1784 

Henry  Prentiss  (1786)     .     . 

3 

1704     William  Clark  (1699)  .     .     . 

3 

1690 

Simeon  Stoddard  (167$)  .     . 

5 

1706     Francis  Clarke  (1701)       .     . 

1 

1701 

Samuel  Sewall  (1679)  .     .     . 

3 

1 7 10     Charles  Chauncey  (1699) 

2 

1702 

Ephraim  Savage  (1674)    .     . 

3 

1714     Samuel  Checkley  (1678)  .     . 

1 

1709 

Habijah  Savage  (1699)     .     . 

S 

1 7 15     Timothy  Clarke  (1702)     .     . 

16 

1714 

Thomas  Smith  (1702)       .     . 

6 

1735   .Joshua  Cheever  (1732)     .     . 

8 

I751 

Joseph  Sherburne  (1745) 

5 

1701     Benjamin  Davis  (1673)    .     . 

1 

1744 

Ebenezer  Storer  (1732)    .     . 

17 

1702     Jeremiah  Dummei  (1671)     . 

2 

1691 

Nathaniel  Williams  (1667)    . 

1 

1723     Henry  Deering  (1682)     .     . 

13 

1712 

Edward  Winslow  (1700)  .     . 

2 

1737     William  Downe  (1716)     .     . 

14 

1724 

Jonathan  Williams  (171 1) 

3 

1757     Benjamin  Dolbeare  (1756)  . 

20 

1729 

Jacob  Wendell  (1733)       .     . 

29 

1700     John  Eyre  (1682)    .... 

1 

1739 

Isaac  White  (1733)      .     •     • 

4 

1751     John  Franklin  (1739)  •     •     • 

1 

1767 

Jonathan  Williams,  Jr.  (1729) 

1 

17 15     James  Gooch  (1714)    .     .     . 

•   H 

1769 

Samuel  Whitwell  (1755)    .     . 

21 

1767     John  Gore  (1743)   .... 

8 

1780 

Joseph  Webb  (1761)    .     .     . 

6 

1700     Elisha  Hutchinson  (1670)     . 

.     2 

1796 

Arnold  Welles,  Jr.  (1811)      . 

6 

1 7 15     William  Hutchinson  (1703)  . 

•     5 

468        HISTORY   OF  THE  ANCIENT  AND    HONORABLE   ARTILLERY   COMPANY. 

The  number  of  persons  admitted  as  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artil- 
lery Company  from  1738  to  182 1  inclusive  is  seven  hundred  and  sixteen,  of  which 
thirteen  were  readmissions,  leaving  seven  hundred  and  three  new  recruits  for  that  period. 
Of  this  number,  ten  persons  attained  the  rank  of  major-general  in  the  volunteer  militia 
of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  ;  fifteen  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general ; 
forty-eight  that  of  colonel;  twenty-eight  that  of  lieutenant-colonel;  forty-four  that  of 
major ;  two  hundred  and  seventeen  that  of  captain,  and  ninety-five  that  of  lieutenant. 
If  the  military  rolls  prior  to  the  Revolution  were  as  complete  as  those  since  that  time,  it 
would  probably  appear  that  more  than  three  fourths  of  the  members  of  the  Artillery 
Company  from  1738  to  1821  were,  at  some  time,  officers  in  the  State  militia. 

This  volume  covers  an  interesting  and  important  epoch  in  the  history  of  the  Artillery 
Company.  The  corps,  keeping  pace  with  the  military  progress  of  the  age,  gave  greater 
attention  to  the  manual  of  arms  and  company  movements ;  procured  more  efficient 
guns ;  instituted  new  and  better  rules  and  regulations ;  adopted  a  uniform  which  greatly 
increased  the  membership,  and  conformed  with  exactness  to  the  desire  of  its  founder, 
Robert  Keayne  (1637),  by  receiving  as  members  a  large  number  of  the  officers  of  the 
State  militia. 

It  is  also  an  interesting  and  important  epoch  in  the  history  of  the  Artillery  Company 
by  virtue  of  its  relation  to  the  town  of  Boston,  the  Commonwealth,  and  the  nation.  The 
Company  always  had  a  pride  in  the  town  of  Boston,  of  which  many  of  its  members  were 
citizens,  and  in  which  the  Company  was  originally  chartered.  They  did  their  part  in 
administering  its  affairs,  increasing  its  business,  adding  to  its  mechanical  pursuits,  and 
driving  the  invader  from  its  streets.  These  pages  show  that  in  the  Artillery  Company 
the  Commonwealth  has  found  only  loyal  subjects,  ready  for  service  to  quell  disorder  or  to 
repel  invasion. 

In  colonial  days  the  frontiersman  had  no  truer  friends ;  in  the  Revolutionary  War 
the  cause  of  independence  had  no  sturdier  defenders,  and  in  the  War  of  181 2  the  call 
of  the  executive  received  no  speedier  nor  more  loyal  reply  than  that  of  the  Ancient  and 
Honorable  Artillery  Company.  May  the  perusal  of  these  pages  lead  the  reader  to  a 
better  appreciation  of  the  framers  and  defenders  of  our  national  Constitution,  and  to 
a  deeper,  stronger  spirit  of  loyalty  to  the  republic  and  its  free  American  institutions. 


END    OF   VOLUME   II. 


INDEX   TO  VOLUME    II. 


Abbot,  Rev.  Abiel  (1802) 320 

Samuel  L.  (1821) 43° 

Abrams,  William,  Jr.  ( I S07) 337,  35 1 

Adams,  Rev.  Amos 98,  99 

Henry  (1652) 436 

John  (1740;  14,  34,  50,  139 

Seth  (1768) 147.  173 

Seth  (1797) 291,  290 

Thomas  (1765) 125,  35,  105,  116,  173,  280 

William  (1821)  --436 

Adjutant 307,  456 

Alden,  Samuel  (18 10) 345 

Alexander,  William  (1795)-  -.280,  296,  299,  319, 
320,  327,  336,  339 

Alford,  John  (17 14) 407 

Allen,  Alfred  (1821) 437,  436 

Bozoun  (1676) 465 

Henry  (1658) 465 

Jeremiah  (1694) 467 

Samuel  A.  (1836) 350 

Amory,  Thomas  C.  (1821) 437,  436 

Andrews,  Benjamin  (1754)  •  •  -65,  89,  95,  98,  105, 
116,  185,  187 

David  (1816) 387 

Rev.  John  (1813)  374.372 

Annable,  Joseph  D.  (1811) 355,  368 

Armstrong,  Samuel  T.  (1807)  ..337,  355,  360,  367 

Arnold,  John  (1769) 156,  173 

Artillery  Farm  at  Dunstable.    See  Blanchard, 
Joseph  (1737)- 

Aspinwall,  William  ( 1 643) 465 

Atkins,  Isaiah  (181 1) 355,  368 

Austin,  John  (1746) 39,  50,  63,  405 

John  [Jr.] 39 

Nathaniel  (1819)  405,  384,  439 

Richard  (1792) ...  .262,  263,  275,  280,  282,  308, 
310,  320,  367 
Avery,  John,  Jr.  (1786)  . . .  195,  124,  126,  220,  265 

Bacon,  Micah  B.  ( 1 816) 387,  384 

Bailey,  Lewis  (1821) 437,  436 

Baker,  Ephraim  (1733) 13 

John  (1703) 466 

Nathaniel  (1751) 59,  58,  77,  88,  95 

Ruel  (1819) 405,  406,  436 

William  ( 1 745 ) 35.  95.  I0° 

Balch,  Jonathan  (1786)  196,  146,  195,  220, 

262,  268 

Rev.  Thomas 120,  118,-119 

Baldwin,  Rev.  Thomas 340,  339 

William  (1821) 438,  436,  458 

Ball,  Robert  (1791) 258,  275,  278,  279,  280 

Ballard,  Samuel  (1755) 71,  72,  95,  105,  116, 

125,  139,  187 

Ballentine,  John  (1682) 467 

Bancroft,  William  A.  (1821) 438,  436 

Banister,  John  (  i  806)  . . . .  329,  344,  35 1 ,  367,  438 
John  F.  (1821) 438,436 


Barber,  Nathaniel,  Jr.  (1758) 89,  40,  90,  99, 

174.  '75.  l84.  188 

Barnabee,  Henry  Clay  (1870) 384 

Barnard,  John  (1677) 465 

Matthew  (1734) 13,  14,  34 

Rev.  Thomas 95,  94,  251 

Rev.  Thomas,  Jr 251,  69,  95,  249,  250 

Barnes,  Jotham  (1797)    291,  290 

Nathaniel  ( 1 676 ) 27 

Barrell,  George  (181 3) 371 

Barrett,  Samuel  (17 17) 72 

Samuel  (1755) 72,  71,  95,  99,  105,  no,  n6, 

138,  141,  165,  168,  172,  178,  179, 187,  190,  191, 
192,  203,  220,  303,  467 
Bartlett,  John  (1769) ..  .156,  168,  172,  173,  177, 
220,  223,  270 

Levi  (1814) 375,  381,392 

Thomas  (1793) 270,  156,  339 

Bass,  Jonas  S.  (1789)  ....  246,  270,  274,  290,  293, 
294,  298,  299.  3°5>  308,  310,  320,  321 

Samuel  (1720) 337 

William  ( 1 792) 263,  262 

Bates,  Levi  (1821) 438,  436 

Batey,  Gideon  (.1793") 271,  270 

Battelle,  Ebenezer  (1786)  ..  .196,  166,  195,  197, 
220 

Baxter,  John  (1789) 247,  246 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1794J 275 

Thomas  (1740) 15,  14,  29,  50 

Beach,  William  (1821) 438,  436 

Beal,  Caswell  ( 1 806) 330,  329,  342,  343,  35 1 , 

367.  371.  382,  384 

Bean,  Stephen  (1806) 330,  329 

Belcher,  Joshua  (1812) 362,  337 

Sarson  (1765) 125,  173,  189 

Belknap,  Abraham  (1735) 13 

Jeremiah  (171 1)  (1724) 2,  22,  35 

Jeremiah,  Jr.  ( 1 745) 35.  22,  49.  °4>  95,  11 6, 

119,  175,  188,  466 

Rev.  Jeremy,  D.  D 283,  251,  282 

Joseph  (1658) 22,35 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1692) 22,  35 

Joseph  ( 1 742) 22,  23,  35,  38,  95,  1 75,  283 

Samuel  (1773) 175,  191,220,417 

Samuel  A.  (1820) 419 

Bell,  Daniel  (1733)  -...13,  78,  105,  116,  121,125, 
187,  189 

Shubael   (1791) 258,  259,  280 

William  (1756)..  78,  79,95,  III,  141,  144,  165, 
168,  179,  183,  185,  187,  191,  193,  194,  218,  219, 
220,  226,  227,  332 

Bennett,  James  (1756) 79,  78,  99 

John  (1734) 13,  14,  54 

Bentley,  Rev.  William,  D.  D.  .  .289,  287,  288,  290 

Berry,  Henry  (1733) 21 

Bicker,  Martin  (1771) 167,  168,  221,  260 

Bigelow,  Francis  R.  (1833) 464 

Billings,  Samuel  (1801) 312,  322,  323,  466 


470 


INDEX    TO    THE    HISTORY    OF    THE    ANCIENT    AND 


Binney,  John(l8oi) 313,  312,322,  323,337 

Bird,  James  (1801) 313,  312,  325,  326,  344, 

351,360,367 

William  (1787) 223,  192,  217,  229,  241 

Blanchard,  George  ( 1 794) 275,  263,  284,  288, 

293,  294,  296,  299,  300,  305,  308,  312,  318,  323, 
325,  326,  335,  355,  360,  361,  362,  367,  368,  371, 

372>  375.  379.  3^° 

Joseph  (1737) 13,86,88,94,  in,  118,  119, 

120,  142,  143, 154,  163,  182,  239,  240,  261,  268 

Blodgett,  Nathan  ( 1 742) 23,  22,  33,  95 

Seth(i7s6) 79,  23,  78,80,99 

Blood,  Thomas  H.  (1817) 393,  384 

Blunt,  John(i8i3) 371,381,382 

Bonner,  John  ( 1 789 ) 247,  246 

Bordman,  Aaron  (1736) 13,  17,  90 

Thomas  S.  (1774)  ...  181,  90,  180,  197,  219,  220 

William  (1758) 90,  31,  89,  105,  116,  121, 

125,  166,  173,  181,  197,  214,  260 

William,  Jr.  (1786) 197,  90,  181,  195,  214, 

220,  466 

Borland,  John  (1692) """. 467 

Bourne,  Abner  ( 1 81 2) 362,  368,  384,  385 

Bowman,  Edmund  ( 1 793) 271,  270,  288,  289, 

290,  293,  294,  301,  310,  321,  337,  339,  341 

William  (1806) 330,  329,  340,  341 

Boyd,  Ebenezer  Little  (1790) 252 

Joseph  Coffin  (1786)  ....  197,  195,  220,  252,  260 

Boyer,  Daniel  ( 1 756) 8o,  78,  99,  1 1 1 ,  187 

Boyle,  John  (1769). .  .156,  18,  157,  166,  172,  173, 
174,  192,  221,  229 

Boylston,  Richard  (1758) 9 1 ,  89,  99 

Boynton,  Richard  (1759) 96,  40, 105, 116,  121, 

124,  141,  144,  165,  173,  174,  179 

Brackett,  Richard  (1821) 439,  436 

Bradford,  Joseph  (1740)  ••••15,  14,95,  '66.  187 
Bradlee,  David  W.  (1811)  . .  ..355,  368,  381,  383, 
398,  405,  418,  425,  436 

Samuel  ( 1 765)   1 26,  69,  125,  1 73,  229,  258, 

270,  280 

Brattle,  Thomas  (1675) 4^5>  4^7 

William  (1729) 103,  III,  II 2,  118,  119,  120, 

143,  166,  183,  186 
Bray,  John  (1788) .  ..230,  229,  231,  252,  254,  266, 
270,  274,  296,  299,  305,  308,  323,  349,  398, 466 

Brazer,  Henry  (1800) 308 

John  (1786)  (1821)  ....197,  195,  198,  220,  245, 
275.  278,  279.  282,  284,  296, 308,  3 1 3,  323, 436, 
439,  44".  44° 

Bridge,  Benjamin  (1711) 59,  62 

Ebenezer  (171 7) 2,  59,  62 

Rev.  Ebenezer 62,  59,  6 1 

John  (1751) 59.  33.  58,  60,  62,  63,  95 

Bridgh am,  Joseph  ( 1 674) 465,  466 

Briggs,  Cornelius  (1817) 393,  403 

Bright,  Samuel  (1801) 313,  312 

Brimmer,  Martin  (1820) 419,  384,  392,  435 

Brinley,  Edward  (1797) 291,  290 

Brocas,  John  (1764) 121,  138,  173 

Bromfield,  Edward  (1679)  (1707)  ..  .77, 465,  467 

Edward,  Jr.  O732) 44,77,466,467 

Brooks,  John  (1786) 198,  143,  193,  195,  199, 

200,  201,  218,  220,  223,  226,  227,  228,  229,  231, 
238,  241,  242,  244,  245,  246,  270,  275,  278,  279, 
282,  283,  284,  319,  381,  383,  391,  395,  396,  398, 
408,  409,  410,  423,  427,  458 

Brown,  Benjamin,  Jr.  ( 1 756) 80,  78,  99,  1 10 

Christopher  A.  (1820) 419,  435 

Daniel  (1818) 402,436,453 


Brown,  Edmund  ( 1691) 467 

Ira(i8i6) 387,384,418 

James  (1821) 439.436 

Rev.  John 141 

Nathaniel  (1805) 325.337.339 

Nathaniel 240 

William  (1786) 201,  195,  226 

Bryant,  Nathaniel  (181 7) 393 

Bugbee,  Edward  (1816) 387,  384,  405 

Bulkley,  Richard  ( 1722) 121 

Bumstead,  Jeremiah  [Jr.]  (1773) 175,220 

Thomas  (1647) 121 

Thomas  ( 1764)  . . .'.  121,  122,  138,  179,  189,  416, 
417,418 

Burr,  Samuel  (1821) 439,  436 

Butler,  James  (1739) 8,  25,  50,  186 

John  ( 1 745) 35.  23.  33.  95 

Joseph  (1742) 23,  22,  35,  38,95 

Butterfield,  Abraham  (1801) 313,  312 

John  (1818) 402 

Joseph  (1821) 440,  384,  436 

Buitrick,  William  (1821) 440,  436 

Byfield,  Nathaniel  (1679)  467 

Byles,  Rev.  Mather 1 7,  22,  24 

Cadets,  Independent  Corps  of 18,  19,  34,  64, 

105,  112,  116, 159,  172, 178,  179, 192,194,  201, 
222, 227,  229,  243,  250,  256,  271,  284,  296,  337, 
359,  409,  427,  437,  448,  461,  462 

National 460,  461 

Calef,  Josiah  (1806) 330,  329,  331 

Robert,  Jr.  (1710) 331,467 

Call,  Nathaniel  (1774)  •  ■  •  ■  181,  180,  220,  223,  229, 
241,  258,  261,417 

William  (1787) 223,  181 

Callender,  Joseph  (1703) 297 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1798) 297,317 

Capen,  Hopestill  ( 1 763) 1 1 6,  93,  1 1 7,  1 30,  1 39, 

144,  173,  180,  186,  188,  221 

Carey  (Cary),  James  (1723) 15 

Jonathan  (1740) 15,  14,34,  5°.  80,  95,  105, 

III,  115,  116 

Jonathan  (1756) 80,  15,  78,  95 

Carnes,  Edward  (1755) 73,  71,  78,  89,  98,  99, 

138,  141,  144,  156,  162,  187,  188 

John  (1733) 33,  38,  49,  50,  51,  65,  73 

Thomas  ( 1754) 65,  66,  73,  87,  99 

Carter,  Josiah  (1732) 14 

Cary,  Rev.  Samuel 383,  379 

Castle  (Fort  William) 2,  14,  18,  34,  133,  164 

Cazneau,  Isaac  ( 1 744) 29,  30,  44,  50,  71,  99 

Chadbourne,  Ichabod  R.  ( 1 81 2, 362,  368 

Champney,  Caleb  ( 1 762)  . . .  1 1 2,  1 66,  1 73,  1 87,  1 89, 
220,  221 

Chandler,  John,  Jr.  (1734) 13.  70 

Channing,  Rev.  William  E.,  D.  D 382,  379,  383, 

386,  435 

Chase,  Thomas  L.  (1805) 325 

Chauncy,  Charles  (1699) 467 

Rev.  Charles,  D.  D 30,  229 

Checkley,  Col.  Anthony  1,1662) 89 

Anthony,  Jr.  (1695) 89 

Samuel  (1678) 89,  465,  466,  467 

Rev.  Samuel ...31,88 

Rev.  Samuel,  Jr 88,  89,  184 

Cheever,  Ezekiel  ( 1 733) 39,  1 74 

Joshua  (1732) 17,466,  467 

Nathan  (1733) 13 

Chickering,  Charles  F.  ( 1 845 ) 384 


HONORABLE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


471 


Chickering,  Thomas  E.  (1845) 3^4 

Child,  David  W.  (1796) 284,466 

Childs,  Edward  (1810) 345,  367 

John  (1S12) 362,381 

Church,  Benjamin  (1742) 23,  22,  24,  95,  112 

Clapp,  Bela  (1789) 247,  246,  420 

William  W.  ( 1820) 420,  247,  419,  435 

William  W.,  Jr.  (1851) 247,  420 

Cla rk  (Clarke) ,  Benjamin  ( 1 733) 96,  112 

Benjamin  (1S06) 331,  329,344,351,  367, 

380,  382 

Christopher  (1759)  ..  .96,  99,  112,  116,  118,  121, 

'25 

Humphrey  (1792) 263,  262 

Jonas  (1756) 81,  78,99,  III,  144,  162,  163, 

164,  213 

Rev.  Jonas 155,  150,  154,  201,  296 

Joseph  ( 1 789) 247,  246,  262,  268 

Robert  (1811) 356,  355,  368 

Thomas  (1733) '3 

Thomas  (1786) 201,  143,  195,  202,  220,  227, 

245,  252,  254,  258,  260,  261,  262,  267,  268,  270, 
274,  275,  278,  279,  280,  282,  2S4, 287,  288,  293, 
294,  29S,  299,  300,  305,  312,  318,  319,  320,  321, 

323>  325.  326. 327.  336>  337.  339.  34»i  342,  343, 
360,  366,  367,  398,  466 

William  (1699) 466,  467 

Clarke  (Clark),  Barnabas  (1755) 73,  71,  95 

Francis  (1701) 466,  467 

Rev.  John 228,  226,  227,  229 

Nathaniel  (1S05)  325,  337,  339 

Thomas  (1644)  465 

Timothy  (1702) 81,  465,467 

William  ( 1 703)  30 

Clement,  Charles  (1795) 280,  281,  304,  306, 

321,  322,  323,  337 

Gjates,  Benjamin  (1796) 284,  304,  306,  321, 

340,  341,  367 

Cobb,  Benjamin,  Jr.  ( 1 787) 224,  100,  223 

Coburn,  John  (1751) 59,  58,  60,  95,  121,  187 

Samuel  A.  (1S21) 440,  436 

Cock,  William  (1733) '3 

Codman,  John,  Rev 435,  426 

John  (1 733) 33.  38.  42 

Coffin,  Geyer  (Gear)  ( 1 734) 13 

William  (1814) 376,  375 

William,  Jr.  (1806) 331,  329,  385 

Coggan,  John  (1638) 465,466 

Cole,  Samuel  (1637)  465 

Collins,  Clement,  Jr.  (1765) 126,  125,  173 

Colman,  Rev.  Benjamin 7 

Rev.  Henry 404 

William  (1676)  467 

Colors,  Company..  17, 135,  168,  172,  287,  288,  360 

Comrin,  John  ( 1 744) 30,  29,  50,  54 

CoNANT,  Artemas  (1821) 440,  338,  436,  438 

John  ( 1817) '• 393 

Peter,  Jr.  (1807) . .  .338,  264,  337,  355,  360,  367, 
440 
Condon,  Samuel  (1768) ..  .147,  165,  168,  170,  171, 
174,  177,  178,  179,  183,  186 

Cooke,  Elisha,  Jr.  (1699) 466 

Rev.  Samuel 63 

Coolidge,  John  (1786)  ...202,  101,  150,  189,  195, 
220,  258,  261 

William  (1792) 263,  262 

Cooper,  Rev.  Samuel 60,  59 

Rev.  William 60 

Copeland,  Ephraim  (1733) 33.  '39 


Cotton,  Rev.  John 6 

Rev.  John,  of  "  Newtown  " 6,  7,  64 

Rev.  Rowland  6 

Cowdin,  Daniel  ( 1 794) 275 

Joseph  (1790) 252,  275,  278,  279 

Covvell,  Edward,  Jr.  ( 1 748) 49,  50,  58,  63 

Crafts,  Thomas,  Jr.  (1765) 126,  124,  125,  127, 

147,  166,  169,  173,  176,  189,  204,  466 

Crane,  Elijah  (1819) 406,  280,  308,  337,  383, 

387,  405,  407,  424,  458 

Croswell,  Joseph  (1769) 157,  156,  172 

Cunningham,  Andrew  (1720J 39,  106 

Andrew  (1786)  (1817) 202,  106,  143,  195, 

207,  220,  229,  241,  245,  249,  250,  251,  256,  260, 
267,  268,  270,  273,  274,  278,  280,  282,  287,  308, 

393 
James  (1758)  (1761) 91,  105,  89,  106,  108, 

116,  121,  124,  128,  139,  144,  155,  156,  165,  173, 

202,  393 

Nathaniel  (1720) 1,  8,  21,  25,  54,  106 

William  (1765) 128,  106,  125,  166,  173 

William  (1786) 202,  18,  106,  195,220,466 

Curtis,  Alfred  (1817) 393,  363,  394,  403 

Edward  ^  1 786) 203,  192,  195,  220 

Philip  (1812) 362,363.368,384.386,393. 

400,  403 

Samuel  (1810)  34$l337t-367,  368 

Thomas  (1788) 231,  229,  242,  280 

CUSHING, Thomas  (1 691) 21,465 

Cutter,  William  (181 1) 356,  355,  368 

Dall,  William  (1787) 224,  223,  307 

Dana,  Dexter  (1798) 297,  321,  340,  341,  344, 

351.  355,  361,  362,  363,  367,  368,  371,  375,  379, 
380,  382,  383 

Ephraim  (1812) 363,297,362,381 

Phineas  (1787)  224,  223 

Daniel,  John  (1738) 3,  13 

Darling,  Benjamin  (1820) 420,  384,  419,  435 

Davenport,  Addington  (1692) 7,  466 

Elijah  (1797)  •  •  -291, 281,  290, 312,  318, 322,  323 

Isaac  (1786) 203,  195,  220 

Rufus  (1795) 281,  280,  291 

Davies,  Charles  (1805) 325 

Davis,  Amasa  (1786) 203,  187,  195,  204,  219, 

220,  226,  249,  252,  280,  282,  283,  287,  288,  307, 

3°8,  337.  383.  396.  398 

Benjamin  (1673) :  .467 

Caleb  (1786)... 203,  174,  195,  197,  204,  220,  225 

Catherine 287,  288 

Ezra  (1801)  .  ..313,  198,  312,  314,  321,  337,  441 

Isaac  (1821) 441,  384,  436 

John  Brazer  (1821) 441,  198,  313,  436 

Robert  (1786)  ...204, 175, 189, 192,  195,  203,  220 

Samuel  (1817) 394,  384,  393 

Stephen  S.  (1821) 441,  436 

Warren  S.  ( 1869^ 445 

William  (1643) 465,  466,  467 

Dawes,  Ambrose  (1674) 66,  100,  148 

Thomas,  Jr.  ( 1 754) ...  66, 65,  67,  77,  79,  95,  100, 

101,  104,  105, 107,  116,  124,  132,  138,  139,  141, 

144, 148, 151,  159,  161,  162,  163,  164,  165,  166, 

171,  172,  174,  178, 182,  187,  188,  191,  219,  220, 

232 

William  (1760) 100,  15,  45,47,  51,  101,  121, 

138,  148,  179,  191,  208,  211 
William  [Jr.]  (1768) 148,  67,  IOI,  132,  146, 

147, 149,  150,  155,  162,  172,  173,  187,  202,  211, 

218,  219,  220,  221,  226,  227 


472 


INDEX    TO    THE    HISTORY    OF    THE    ANCIENT    AND 


Dean,  Rev.  Paul 391,  390 

Thomas  (1806) 331,  329,  332,  337,  340,  341, 

361,  367,  368,405,416,417,418,425,427 

Dearborn,  Henry  A.  S.  (1816) 387,  233,  369, 

384,  386, 38S,  391, 396, 397,  398,  409,  421,  441, 

455>  460 

Decoster,  Isaac  (1755) 73,  71,  87,  95 

Deering,  Henry  (1682) 49,  91,  467 

Thomas  (1758) 91,  89,  99 

Deming,  John  (1756)  ...  .81,  78,  99,  104,  1 11,  124, 
144,  161,  162,  165,  168,  171,  172,  191,  220 

Dennett,  Charles  A.  (1814') 376,  375,  381 

Deshon,  Moses  (1737) 13,  17,  22,  29,  71,  78 

Devens,  David  (1798) 297,  319,  320 

Dixwell,  John  (1741) 19,  20,  25,  29,  38,  50 

Dodd,  Benjamin  (1817) 394,  345,  388,  393 

John,  Jr.  (1810)  . . . .  345,  367,  375,  379,  384,  388, 

392,  394.  400.  4°3.  4°4.  427.  434 

Silas  (1816) 388,  345,  387,  394,  460 

Dodge,  Ephraim  (1820) , 420,  419 

Doggett,  Samuel  (1821) 442,  436,  460 

Dolbeare,  Benjamin  (1756)  . .  .81,  78,  82,  99,  104, 
112,  114,467 

Domett,  Charles  M.  (1821) 442,  436,  451 

Doubleday,  John  G.  (1790) . .  .252,  262,  268,  270, 
274,  284,  288,  293,  294 

Downe,  John  (1758) 91,  89,  92,  99 

Thomas  (1733) 13,  91 

William  (1716) 6,  12,  26,  28,  29,  32,  39,  42, 

43.48,  52-  53.91.466,467 

Downer,  Samuel  (1801) 314,  312 

Drayton,  Thomas  A.  (1810)  345,  367 

Drowne,  Thomas  (1737)  •  13,  17,  63,  70,  77,  86,  88 
Dummer,  Jeremiah  (1671) 465,467 

William  (1702)  17 

Dunbar,  Rev.  Samuel 50,  49 

Duncan,  Nathaniel  (1638)  372 

Duncklee,  John  P.  ( 1 796)  284,  308,  310 

Dunlap,  Andrew,  Jr.  ( 1 796) 284 

Dunton,  Daniel  (1812)  . .  .363,  362,  368,  383,  384, 

392,  400,  404,  435 
Dupee,  Elias  (1763)...  1 1 7,  39, 116,  124,  144,  161, 
162,  179 

D  wight,  Joseph  (1734) 13.  25,  33.  34 

Dyar,  Joseph  (1733) 13 

Dyer,  Giles  (1680) 465 

Samuel  (1755)  74,  71,  99,  116 

Eager,  William  (1814) 376,  375,  381 

Eaton,  Ebenezer  (1821) 442,  436 

Elisha  (1768) 151,  125,  147,  172,  173 

Joseph  (1773) 175.  27.  191.  220,  258,-261, 

280,  282,  287,  301,  305,  367,  380,  398,  417 

Joshua  ( 1 796) 284,  293,  308,  310,  336 

Nathan  (1816) 388,384,387 

Eckxey,  Rev.  Joseph,  D.  D 269,  267,  268,  270 

Eddy,  Caleb  (1806) 332,  329 

Edes,  Benjamin  (1760) 101,  18,  71,  100,  102, 

120,  124,  126,  127,  144,  173,  174,  188,  189,  191, 
192,  220 

Thomas  (1739)  8,  9,  29,  50,  m,  115 

Edson,  Josiah,  Jr.  (1747) 44,45,95,  186,  189 

Edwards,  Abraham  (1822) 314 

John  (1699) 3,  45 

John,  Jr.  (1 747).... 45,  3,44,  50,  58,89,94,95, 
98,  99,  103,  104,  no,  in,  115,  116,  119,  120, 

121,  123 

Joseph  (1738)  .   ...3,  13,  17,  21,45,  64.  7°.  76, 
77.  '74 


Edwards,  Richard  (1801) 314,  312 

Thomas  (1724) 3,  44,  45,  4S,  54,  63,  64,  70 

Eliot,  Rev.  Andrew 58,  57 

Josiah  (17S8) 231,  229 

William  H.  (1821) 442,  436,  443 

Elliot,  John  (1821) 443,  436 

Emerson,  Rev.  William 307,  306,  308 

Emery,  Samuel  (1786) 204,  195,  220 

Emmes,  Samuel  (1757)  87,  95,  103 

Emmons,  Jacob  (1738) 3,  13,  21,  36 

Epes,  Daniel,  Jr.  (1 734) 13 

Eustis,  Benjamin  (1763) 117,  116,  118,  121, 

144.  173 

Evans,  Coates  (1820) 420,  419 

Everett,  Rev.  Edward  (1836) 463,  40,  290, 

3'9.  454.  458,  459.  464 
Eyre,  John  (1682) 465,  467 

Fairbanks,  Drury  (1821) 443,  436 

Stephen  (1820) 420,  384,  419,  421,  435,  461 

Faneuil  Hall 14,  21,  22,  27,  29,  43,  47,  55, 

58,  98,  104,  115,  11S,  119,  123,  124,  141,  145, 
156,  164,  167,  168,  170,  171,  172,  182,  183,  219, 
221,  226,  227,  228,  239,  240,  241,  242,  243,  244, 
248,  249,  250,  254,  255,  257,  261,  267,  268,  269, 
273,  278,  282,  288,  293,  294,  295,  297,  298,  299, 
306,  307,310,317,318,320,321,324,  326,  327, 
328,329,336,339,340,  351,  359,  366,  368,373, 

374.  379.  380.  381,  385.  391.  39S,  410.  416,  4'7. 
426,435,461,464 

Faneuil,  Peter 14,  21,  22,  29 

Farnum,  Jonathan,  Jr.  (1766)  139,  173 

Farrington,  Joshua  (1786) 204, 188,  195,  217, 

220 

Fay,  Heman  (1814) 376,  375,  381 

Fennelly,  Robert  (1806) 332,329,344,351, 

367,  381.  382,  383.  39°.  466 

Fenno,  John  ( 1 787) 224,  223,  229,  241,  242 

Fernald,  William  ( 181 1).. 356,  355,  368,  384,  455 

Fifield,  Ebenezer  O.  (1810)  .- 345,  367 

Fisher,  Freeman  (1821) 443,  384,  436 

Josiah  S.  (1821) 444,  422,  436 

Fitch,  Joseph  (1733)    13,  17 

Thomas  (1700) 33.36.465 

Zechariah  (1733) 13 

Fleet,  Thomas  (1727) 17,  118 

Forbes,  Eli  (1 771) 168,  167 

Ford,  Joseph  (1786) 204,  189,  195,  220 

Samuel  B.  (1813)  371,  384 

Forsaith,  David  (1805) 325,  340,  341 

Forsyth,  John  (1755) 74,  71,  99 

Fosdick,  James  (1722)..... 14 

Foster,  John  (1679) 465 

Rev.  John 344,  342,  343 

Fowle,  Henry  (1806) ....  333,  329,  337,  339,  380, 
382,444 

Henry,  Jr.  (1821) 444,  333,436 

Thomas  (1639)  465 

Francis,  David  (1806) 333,  329,  334, 

342,  343.35'.  367.384 
Franklin,  Benjamin 9 

John  ( 1 739) 9,  8,  45,  50,  65,  467 

Frary,  Theophilus  (1666) 465 

Freeman,-  Nehemiah  (1793) 271,  270,  384 

Rowland  (1795)     281,  280 

French,' Ephraim,  Jr.  (1809) 342,  362,  367, 

380,  403 

Frost,  Walter  (1821) 444,  436 

Frothingham,  John  ( 1 8 1 2) 363,  362 


HONORABLE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


473 


Fuller,  Asa  (1790)  ......253,  252,  275,278,  279 

Benjamin  1 1S06) 334,  329 

Fullerton,  John  C1768) 151,  100,  147,  157, 

168,  172,  173,  177,  191,  220 

Gale,  Joseph  ( 1 744) 30,  29,  50,  5 1 ,  7 1 ,  89,  96 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1759) 96,  3°.  99 

Gardiner,  Rev.  John  S.  J 259,  262 

John  259,  258 

Gardner,  Jeremiah,  Jr.  (1801) 314,  312,  325, 

326,  342,  343 

Joshua,  Jr.  (1798) 297,  224,  312,  318 

Lemuel  (17S7) 224,  223,  229,  252,  254,  262, 

268,  297,  299,  304,  306,  321,  323 

Richard  (. 1 786)   204,  195,   205,  220 

Robert  (1794) 276,  230,  270,  275,  280,  293, 

299.  3°°.  3°4.  3°5>  3°6.  3o8>  3°9.  321 

Simon  (1S17) 394,384,  393 

Gates,  Abraham  (1821) 444.  43° 

Gay,  Charles  C.  (1814)  376,  375 

Rev.  Ebenezer 106 

Lusher  (1814)  (1817).  ..376,  375,  393.394.455 

Martin  (1761)    106,  105,  107,  116,  139,  162, 

163,  164,  165,  166,  168,  171,  172,  173,  179,  180, 
182,  186,  189 

Gayetty,  Charles  W.  (1817) 394.  393 

Gedney,  Bartholomew  ( 1 726)  8,  14,  20 

George,  John  (1702) 465,  466 

Gerrish,  Benjamin  (1714) 13 

Samuel  ( 1 709) 466 

Gibbens,  Daniel  L.  (1810) 346,  200,  345,  348, 

361.  367.  384.  392.  444 

George  M.  (1821) 444,  436 

Gibbons,  Edward  (1637) 465 

GIBBS,  Alexander  H.  (1820)  .  ..421,  384,  419,  435, 

436,  455 

Henry  (1726) 0 

Robert  (1692) 6,  465 

Gill,  Jacob  (1774) 181,  180,  191,  220,  280 

Oilman,  Peter  (1797)  291,  290 

Goelet,  Capt.  Francis 54.  55 

Goldthwait,  Benjamin  (1740) 15,  14,  16,  33, 

34  47,  95.  I0I>  '48,  208 

Benjamin  (1793) 271,  101,  148,  270 

John  (1720) 38 

Joseph  (1732) 2,  13,  16,  33,  180 

GOOCH,  James  (1714) 4^7 

Goodrich,  Ebenezer  (1814)  .  -.376,  375,  382,  403, 
418 

Goodwin,  Edward  ( 1 799) 304,  307 

Samuel  (1739) 10,  8,  95 

Gookin,  Daniel  (1645)  59 

Daniel  (175O 59.  58.  99 

Gordon,  Rev.  William 187,  185 

Gore,  Christopher  (1814)  . .  .376,  25,  205,  375,  384, 
392,  436 

Julm  (1638) 25 

John  (1743)  •  •  -25.  26,  44,  71,  89,  94,  95,  98,  105, 
116,  126,  139,  162,  180,  186,  189,  205,  208,  467 

Samuel  (1786) 205,  18,  25,  68,  113,  146,  148, 

162,  175,  195,  206,  20S,  220,  226,  376 

Stephen  (1773)  176,  175,  188,  191,  220 

GOULD,  Frederick  ( 1821)   444,  436 

Gragg,  Moses  (1821) 444,  436,  445 

Grant,  John  (.1733) '57 

John,  Jr.  (1769) 157,  156,  179,  189 

Gray,  Edward  (1810) 346,  345,  367,  371,  382 

Rev.  Ellis 53,  51,  231 

Rev.  Thomas 418,  410,  416 


Green,  Francis  ( 1786) 206,  195,  220,  223,  226 

John  (1787) 224,  223 

John,  Jr.  1  1S35) 406 

Nathaniel  ( 1 722) 466 

Peter  (1788)   231,  229 

Greene,  Thomas  (1793) 272,  270 

Greenleae,  John  (1768) 151,  147,  173,  174 

Greenough,  John  (171 2) 1 6,  30,  31 

Newman  (1740) 16,  14,  29,30,  31,37,  50, 

71,  78,  86,  87,  89,  94,  98,  100,  103,  104,  105, 
206,  281 

Samuel  (1786) 206,  16,  195,  220,  245,  248, 

249,  254,  262,  268,  273 
Thomas  ( 1 744)  ...  30,  1 6,  29,  3 1 ,  44,  50,  1 88,  466 

William  (1675) 16,  30 

William  (1795) 281,  280 

Greenwood,  Ethan  Allen  (1S14)  •■•377,  375,  381, 
402,  403 

Gridley,  Oliver  (1792) 263,  262 

Samuel  (1765) 128,  125,  141,  173 

Griggs,  William  (1675) 466 

Guild,  Nathaniel  (1820) .  .421,  384,  419,  422,  437, 

443.444 
Guns,  "  Hancock  "  and  "  Adams  "...  145,  146,  147, 
149,  269,  270,  311,  399, 400,  401,  403,  404,  411, 
427.  435.  453 

Hale,  Benjamin  (1799)  • 3°4.  3°7>  321 

Haley,  Samuel  (1738) 3,  13 

Hall,  Jacob  (.1802) 319,  327,  336,  367,  371, 

380,381,  382,436 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1788) 231,229,  245,  246 

Hallowell,  Benjamin  (1733) too 

Hamilton,  James  (.1821) 445,  436,  452 

Hammatt,  John  B.  (1801) 314,  312,  327,  336, 

367.  38o,  381,  382 
Hammond,  Asa  (1793),  see  Samuel  fi793). 

Samuel  (1793) 272,  270,  271 

Hancock,  Rev.  John 64 

Handel  and  Haydn  Society 384 

Harding,  Robert  (1637) 465 

Harrington,  Ephraim  (1815) 385,384,403, 

405,  426 

Harris,  Rev.  Thaddeus  M 327,  326,  435 

Harrison,  James  (1796) 285,  284 

Hartshorn,  Caleb  (1820) 422,384,419,435 

Hartt,  Ralph  (1739)  10,  8,  13,  64,  70,  76,  77,  78, 
128 

Zephaniah  (1765) 128,  10,  105,  116,  125,  173 

Haskins,  John  (1768) 151,  105,  116,  147,  165, 

172.  173.  '79,  '88,  308 
Hastings,  Samuel  (1786) . .  .206,  195,  220,  258,  261 

Hatch,  Asa  (1801) 315,  308,  312 

Calvin  (1820)  422,419 

David  (1787)   225,  223,  229 

Estes  ("1711) 34 

Haven,  Rev.  Jason Ill,  1 10 

Hawes,  Isaac  M.  (1821) 445,  436 

Hawkes,  Ezra  (1819)  (1821). .  .408,  405,  436,  445 

Hayt,  Elna  (1812) 363,  362,  368,  384 

Hayward,  John  ( 1 794) 276,  275 

Head,  John  (1757) 87,  99,  116,  119,  188 

Heard,  Nathaniel  (1810) 346,  345,  367 

Heath,  Nathaniel  (1765) 128,  125,  129,  139, 

144,  166,  173,  189 

William  (1754) 67,  65,  77,95,  186 

William  (1765) 129,47,  67,  "7,  I25>  '3°, 

131,  144,  155,  162,  163, 164,  166,  179,  207,  220, 
263,  3'9,  369 


474 


INDEX    TO    THE    HISTORY    OF    THE    ANCIENT    AND 


Henchman,  Daniel  (171 2) 2,  6,  8,  12,  26,  27, 

28,  32,  38,  42,  43,  49,  52,  77,  78,  100,  467 

Hendley,  Samuel  (1746) 39,  40,  88,  95 

HiCKLlNC,  William,  Jr.  (1764) 122,  121,  179 

Hicks,  Zechariah  (i786)..2o6,  189,  195,  207,  220, 
245,  258,  261 

HlLL,  Alexander  (1746) 40,  39,  50,  51,  112, 

174,276 

James  (1677) 4^5 

Samuel  (1794) 276,  275,  284,  288 

Valentine  (1638) 465 

Hili.yard,  Thomas  (1801) 315,  312 

Hinklev,  John  Q1772) 169,  172,  179,  189,  191, 

220 

Hitchcock,  Rev.  Gad 138,  137 

Hobbs,  Nathan  (1821) 445,  436 

Prentiss  (1821) 445,  436 

Hobby,  Sir  Charles  ( 1 702) 48 

Rev.  William  48 

Hodgdon,  Alexander  (1786) ..  .207,  189,  195,  202, 
208,  220,  247 

Nathaniel  (1727) 31 

Hodges,  George  A.  (1820) 422,  419,  435 

Holden,  Oliver  (1794)  .-.276,  275,  277,  288,  293, 
304,  338,  341 

Holland,  Jacob  ( 1 760) 102,  100,  173 

Holley,  Rev.  Horace 361,  359,  360 

Holmes,  Melzar  (1798)  ...297,  29',  319,  320,  325, 
326,  340,  341,  342,  367 

Holyoke,  Samuel  (1714) 6,  26,  27,  28,  48 

Homans,  Benjamin  (1766) 139,  173,  273 

Homer,  Rev.  Jonathan,  D.  D 257,  247,  254, 

255,  256 
Michael  (1768) tjl,  147,  152,  162,  179,  224, 

247.  257 

Michael  (1789)   247,  246,  257,  280 

Homes,  Josiah  W.  (1822) 264 

Robert  ( 1 792) 264,  262,  290,  294 

William  ("1747) 4s>  44-  47'  6°>  64,  95,  101, 

164,  105,  112,  116,  118,  124,  138,  139,  140,  144, 
154,  188,  264 

William,  Jr.  (1766) 139,  76,  100,  101,  140, 

165,  172,  179,  220,  264,  417 

Hoogs,  William  (1768) 152,  147,  173 

Hooper,  James  ( 1 8 10) 346,  345,  367,  37 1 

Rev.  William 29,  26,  27,  28,  262 

Hooten,  William  (1821) 445,  436 

House,  Eleazer  G.  (1810) 347,  345,  361,  367, 

384,  400 

Hough,  Atherton  ( 1 643) 465 

Howard,  Rev.  Simeon 1 79,  177,  178 

Howchin,  Jeremiah  (1641) 465 

Howe,  John  (1773) 176,  175,  220,  264,  338 

John,  Jr.  (1792) 264,262,  290,  294,  319,  320, 

323.  338,  466 

Otis  ( 18!  2) 363,  362 

William  (1806).... 334,  329,  337,  339,  341,  361, 
367.  375.  379.  380,  381,  382,  385.  400, 403,  434, 

455 
Hubbard,  Thomas  ( 1 732)  ( 1 75 1 ) 44,  58,  59, 

61,  99,  107,  112,  279,467 

Hull,  John  (1660) 465,  467 

William  (1788)  ...  .232,  142,  143,  194,  199,  229, 
231,  233,  238,  245,  249,  250,  251,  254,  255,  257, 
270,  280,  284,  308,  319 

Hunt,  Abraham  11772) 169,  172,  175,  179,  191 

Jabez  (1727) 25 

John  (1709) 466,  467 

Rev.  John 1S3,  184 


Hunt,  Thomas  (1685) 169,  465 

William  H.  (1820) 422,  419 

Hunting,  Thomas  (1816) 388,  387,  403,  405 

Huntington,  Benjamin  (1S14) 377,  375,  384, 

385.  392 

Hurd,  Isaac,  Jr.  (i82r) 446,  436,  439,  458 

Jacob  (1743) 26,  25,33,42,95 

Hutchinson,  Edward  (163S) 465,  467 

Edward  (1702) S,  14,  21,  174,  212,  466 

Elisha  (1670) 465,  467 

Henry  (1S06)  334,  329 

Thomas  (1694) 3,  13,  21,  25,  33,  180,  465 

William  (1703)  466,  467 

Hyland,  John  ( 1 740) 16,  14,  50 

Hyslop,  William  (1755) 74,  30,  71,  75,  89,  94 

98,  99,  1 12,  409 

Ingalls,  William  (1.821") 446,  384,  43c 

Ingersoll,  Daniel  G.  ti8oi) . .  .315,  312,  325,  326" 

Inglesby,  Cuthbert  (1771) 167,  172,  173,  177 

179 


Jackson,  Edward  (1758) 92,  89,  99, 

Col.  Henry 3,  92, 

Rev.  Joseph 111,92, 

Joseph  (1738) 3,  4,  13,  21,36,  38,  51,  57 

62,  63,  66,  78,  79,  86,  92,  94,  100,  105,  in, 
116,  118,  119,  120,  121,  123,  125,  139,  141, 
143,  145,  155,  178,  182,  1S8,  191,  220,  227, 
254,  285,  466 

Samuel  (1733) 34, 

Thomas  ( 1692)  

Thomas  ( 1 7 1 6) 

Ward  (1797) 291, 

William  (1796) 285, 

Jenkins,  David  (1758) 92,  89,  105, 

Joseph  (1810)  (1817) . .  .347,  345.  367.  384, 
394,  434 

Robert,  3d  (1756) 82,  78,  99,  104,  124, 

138,  141,  143,  144,  154,  155,  156,  161,  162, 
171,  172,  191,  220,  227,  252,  254,  255,  257, 
261,  267,  268,  273,  274,  278,  282,  287,  294 

Jennings,  Levi  (1764) 122,  121,  138,  165, 

179,  189,  221 
Jepson,  William  (1797)  ...291,  290,  312,  318, 

336.  367.  385 

Johnson,  Thomas,  Jr.  ( 1 742) 24,  22,  50, 

Johnston,  John  (1786) ..  .208,  143,  195,  215, 
223,  226,  229,  241,  242,  244,  25 1,  252,  254, 
258,  320 

Jones,  Daniel  (1754) 68,  65,  77,  88,  95, 

105,  116,  139,  179,  191,  220 

Elnathan  ( 1 734)  

Ezekiel  (1816J 389,  384, 

.  William  P.  (i860) 

Joy,  John  CI755J 75.  7'.  95.  r'8,  180,  186, 


125 
201 
110 
,  60, 

112, 

142, 
24I, 

IOO 
465 
.22 

290 

284 

'73 

393. 

"37, 
168. 
260, 

172. 

327. 

208 
220, 
257. 

103, 
•'3 


Kahler,  Jeremiah  (1790),  253,  252,  280,  282,  287, 

380 
Keayne,  Robert  (1637) 27,  327,  372,459,  465, 

466,  468 

Keeling,  Samuel  (1699) 467 

Kellogg,  Rev.  David 311,  309,  310 

Kendall,  Rev.  James 336,  335 

Samuel  W.  (1S14) 378,  375-  381,  3«4 

Kendrick,  John  (1814) 378,  375,  381 

Kennedy,  John  (1797) 291,  290 

Keyes,  John  (1 821) 446,  436 

Kilham,  Jonathan  (1806) 334,  329 


HONORABLE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


475 


KlLTON,  Jonathan  ( 1 794) 277,  275 

King,  William  (1810)  348,  345 

Kirkland,  Rev.  John  T.,  D.  D   283,  282 

Kneeland,  Edward  (1772) 170,  166,  169,  172, 

179,  1S9,  191 

Knight,  Caleb  (1807) 338,  337 

James  R.  (1807) 338.337 

Knox,  Henry 149.  >66 

Lake,  Thomas  (1653) 465 

Lanman,  James  (1786) 208,  15,  195,  220 

Larkin,  Samuel  (1801) 315,  312 

Thomas  0.  (1799)  3°4.  3°5-  3'5 

Lathrop,  Rev.  John 184,  159,  183 

Laughton  (Leighton),  John  (1765) 132,  125, 

173 

Lawlor,  Thomas  (1746) 41.  39.  5  '■  64.  95 

Legate,  Thomas  C.  (1806) 335,  329 

Leverett,  Hudson  (1658)  55 

John  ( 1639) 55-  465 

John  (1704) 55 

John  (1750) 55, 60,  62,  63,  64,  66,  70,  77,  86, 

94.  98,  99.  105,  Il6,  151,  165,  467 

Thomas  (1703) 55 

Knight  (1729) 55 

Lewis,  Ezekiel  (1707) 3,  21,22,  466 

Joseph  (1S11) 356,  355,368,  384 

Winslow  ( 1S21) 447,  392,  436 

Winslow  (1862) 447 

Lillie,  John  S.  (1794) 277,  275,  296,  299,  308, 

3IQ 

Lincoln,  Benjamin  (1786) 209,  140,  143,  166, 

193,  194,  195,200,210,211,220,223,229,230, 
237,  23S,  241,  242,  244,  245,  249,  251,  255,  296, 

319.  343-  395 

Levi (1832) 44' 

Livermoke,  Samuel  (1746) 41,  39,  95 

Lobdell,  Thomas  J.  (1821) 44s.  394.  436.  46° 

Locke,  Rev.  Samuel 115 

Loring,  Benjamin  (1810) 348,345.367.375. 

379,  380,  384,  386,  391,  397,  398,  400,  402,  403, 

434.  455.  458 

Israel  (176S) 152,  147,  15S,  165,  172,  179, 

189,  191,  220,  233,  252,  254,  257 

Jonathan  ( 1 704)  466 

Jonathan,  Jr.  ( 1 792) 264,  262,  284,  288,  3 1 2, 

3^>  337.  339.  34i.  351-  384.  466 

Joseph  (1788) 233,  229,  258,  261,  264,  272 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1793) 272,  233,  264,  270,  276, 

308,310,321,323,337 

Joshua  (1722) 158 

Joshua  (1769) . . .  157, 152, 156,  158,  172,  179,  233 

Nathaniel  (1758) -. . .  92,  89,  99,  104 

Loud,  Solomon  (1821) 448,436 

Lovering,  Joseph,  Jr.  ( 1 788)  233,  1 74,  229, 

234,  262,  268,  290,  294,  298,  299,  466 

Lowder,  Jonathan  (1747) 46,  44.  54.  95 

William  (1708) ' 46 

Lowell,  Rev.  Charles 354,  35'.  355 

John  S.  (1792)   264,  262 

Lucas,  Isaiah  (1801) 315,  312 

John  (1786)... 21 1,  101,  188,  195,  212,  220,  221, 
277,  466 

Lyde,  Edward  (1702) 93 

Edward  (175S) 93.89.99.  '86,  189 

Lyman,  Caleb  ( 1 732) 8,  466 

Theodore,  Jr.  (1820) 422,  419,  423,  436,  443, 


453-  458,  462,  463 
Lynde,  Samuel  (1691) . 


.465,467 


M accarty,  Rev.  Thaddeus 77,  76 

Mackay,  ^Eneas  (1745) 35.  5° 

Mackintosh,  Peter,  Jr.  (1820) 423,419,424, 

435.  436.  463 

Makepeace,  George,  Jr.  ( 1 792) 264,  262 

Mann,  Joseph  (1754) 68,  65,  87,  95 

March,  Thomas  (1747) 46,  44,  58,  95 

Marion,  John  (169 1) 1,  465 

Marshall,  Christopher  (1724) 33,  107,  132 

Christopher  (1765)  ...    .[32,  107,  125,  173,  220 

Josiah  (1799) 3°5.  3°4 

Samuel  (1685) 465 

Thomas  (1640) 465,466 

Thomas  (1761) 107,  105,  108,  112,  116,  119, 

121,  132,  139,  141,  144,  147,  154.  165,  173,  184, 
220,  378 
Marston,  James  B.  ( 1 8 10) 348,  337,  345,  368, 

375.379.384  o  „       „       0, 

John  M.  (1814)  378,  375,  381,  384,  386 

Manasseh  (1769) 158,  156,  159,  173,  189, 

191,  220 

William  (1804) 323,  327,  336 

Martyn,  Edward  (1702) 465,  467 

Marvin,  William  T.  R.  (1865) 118 

Mason,  David  (1754) 68,65,69,95,113,116, 

251 

Mather,  Rev.  Cotton 7,  1 2,  43 

Rev.  Increase 43 

Rev.  Samuel 12,  13,  135 

Mattoon,  Ebenezer  (181 7) 395,  396,  280,  308, 

337.  384,  387.  392.  393.  399.  4°°,  4°4 

May,  Ephraim  (1765)  (1773) 132,  "6,  125, 

166,  173,  174,  175,  176,  179,  187,  188,  191,  212, 
220,  221 

John  (1786) 212,  175,  188,  189,  190,  192, 

195,  204,  213,  220,  221,  226,  229,  254,  296,  367, 
466 

McDaniel,  Hugh  ( 1 729) 1 7,  44,  48,  54,  59,  89 

McKean,  Rev.  Joseph 322,  321,  372,  374 

Melcher,  Levi  (1802) 319,  327,  336,  367,  375, 

379.  380,  381,  382,  3S6,  392,  402 

Messinger,  Daniel  (1792) 265,  253,  262,  266, 

284,  288,  289,  293',  295,  301,  305,  308,  309,  310, 
312,  319,  320,  322,  323,  326,  334,  337,  344,  351, 

354,  359.  361.  367,  368,  37°.  384.  387.  392 

Daniel,  Jr.  (1822) 385 

Henry  ( 1 800) 309,  308,  322,  323,  35 1 

Metcalf,  Eliab  W.  (1821) 448,436 

Military  Companies  :  — 

Boston  Hussars 344,  345,  360 

Boston  Light  Infantry  (1) .  194,  227,  229,  243,  250 
Boston  Light  Infantry  (2) .  296,  323, 387, 424, 427 

Cadets,  Independent  Corps  of 18,  19,  64,  105, 

U2, 1 16,  159, 172,  178,  179,  192,  194,  201,  222, 

227,  229,  243,  245,  250,  256,  271,  284,  296,  359, 

427,  437.  448 
Columbian  Artillery 230,  243,  250,  256,  276, 

340 
Fusileers 193,  194,  227,  229,  243,  250,  256, 

258,  280,  284,  296,  323,  387,  422,  427 

Governor's  Horse  Guard 223 

Grenadiers 1 78 

Harvard  College  Corps 105 

Independent  Light  Infantry  Company  . .  189,  194, 

228,  229 

Life  Guards 1 1 2,  1 1 6 

Medford  Light  Infantry 228 

New  England  Guards 366,  370,  387,  427 

Rangers 387,  427 


476 


INDEX    TO    THE    HISTORY    OF    THE    ANCIENT    AND 


Military  Companies  :  — 

Republican  Volunteers  ..  194,  223,  224,  227,  228, 
229 

Soul  of  the  Soldiery 427 

Washington  Light  Infantry 321,  323,  387,  427 

Winslow  Blues 217,312,  323,  387,  427 

Miller,  John,  Jr.  (1796) 285,  284 

William  (1770) 163,  166,  173,  189 

Milliken,  John  (Melecan,  John,  Jr.)  (174O...20, 

'9.95 

Minot,  Jonas  Clark  (17S6) •••213,  195,  220 

Mitchell,  Robert  G.  (1812) . .  .363,  362,  368,  384 

Monroe,  James  (1817) 396,  358,  393 

Moody,  David  (1812) 364,  362,  384 

Moor,  William  (1749) 51.  34,  95.  I01 

Morse,  Rev.  Jedediah 322,  321 

Morton,  Dimond  (1765) 132,  125,  173 

Marcus  (1840) 463 

Murray,  William  (1758)   93,  89,  95,  104,  105, 

116,  118,  186 
Muzzy,  John  (1820) 424,  419 

Neal,  Daniel   O772) 170,  169 

Neil,  Thomas  (1794) 277.  275 

Nevers,  Benjamin  M.  (1818) 403,  402 

Ebenezer  W.  (1818) 403,  402 

Newell,  John  (1768) 152,  147,  165,  172,  179, 

188 

Thomas,  Jr.  (1786) 213,  18,  195,  220 

Newman,  Thomas  (1750) 56,  55,  99 

Nichols,  Eleazer  (1814) 378,  375,  381,  403 

John  (1740)  16,  17,  14,  38,  50 

William  (1727)   8 

Noble,  George  (1801) 315,  312,325,326 

Nolen,  Charles  (1797) 29 1 ,  290,  32 1 ,  384 

Oakes,  Rev.  Urian 138 

Ohio  Company,  The 197 

Oliver,  Andrew,  Jr.  (1786) 213,  195,  214,  220 

James   (1640) 465 

John  (1637) 465.  466,467 

Peter  (1643) 465 

Osborn,  John  (1793) 272,  27° 

John,  Jr.   (1764) 122,14,94,  100,  121,  141, 

165.  179 

Osgood,  Rev.  David 245,  241,  242,  243,  303 

John  Fisk  (1769) 159,  156,  166,  172,  173 

Peter  (1797) 291,  290,  292,  319,  320,  323, 

327.  336,  337.  341,  342,  343.35'.  367.  368,  372. 
384 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray,  Jr.  ( 1 82 1 ) 448.  436 

Overseers  of  the  Poor  of  Boston 467 


Paddock,  Adino  (1762)  — 112,25,96.  113,  114, 
116, 118,121, 122, 125,  133, 139,  140, 145,  155, 
166,  172,  173, 178, 180, 186, 189,  205,  207,  208, 
216,  418 

Paddy,  William  ( 1 652)  465 

Page,  Tbaddeus  (1820) 424,  384,  419,  435, 

455.  458 

Paine,  William  (1691) 466 

Palmer,  Thomas  (1702)  14,  467 

William  O1817) 397.393 

Park,  John  (1812) 364,  362,  368,  384,  386, 

4'8,  434 

Parker,  Peter  ( 1 7S7) 225,  223 

Richard  (163S) 465 


Parker,  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel 262,  260,  261 

Samuel  H.  (1820) . .  .424,  384,  419,  435,  455,  458 

Parkman,  Rev.  Francis 386,  385 

William  (1711)   31 

Parsons,  Rev.  Joseph 32,  3 1 

Payson,  Rev.  Phillips 162,  161 

Peabody,  Francis  (1821) 448,  436 

Peck,  John  (1791) 259,  258 

Moses  (1758) 93,  S9,  99,  112,  188 

Pecker,  John  (1733)  13 

Peirce,  Silas  (1821) 449,  436 

Pemberton,  Benjamin  (1707) 467 

Rev.  Ebenezer  [Sr.]  86 

Rev.  Ebenezer  [Jr.] 86,  85,  87,  184 

Penniman,  James  (1806) 335,  329,  342,  343 

Perkins,  Henry  ("1755) 75,71,87,94,99 

John,  Jr.  (1763) 118,  1 16 

Samuel  (1 791 ) 260,  133,  25S,  284,  287,  288 

William  (1765) 133,  125,  173 

Phillips,  Benjamin  (1755) 75,  71,  78,  95,  99, 

100,  105,  116,  139,  186,  18S 

Caleb  (1742) 24,  22,  44,  49,  50 

Gillam  (1714)  38,  49 

James  (1790) 253,  214,  252,  270,  274,  289, 

290,  293,  294,  296,  298,  299,  305,  319,  320,  323, 
337-  339.  342,  367.  380,  393.  398,  434.  447 
John  (1725). ...3,  14,  17,  2i,  29,  32,42,44,48, 
52>  53.  59.  6'.  62,  63,  68,  70,  76,  77,  86,  88,  94, 
95,  98,  100,  103,  104,  105,  no,  in,  112,  114, 
118,  120,  467 
John  L.  (1813) ....  371,  381,  3S6,  403,  418,  434 

Rev.  Samuel 21,  20 

Turner  (1786) 214,  189,  195,  220,  245,  249, 

251,  253,466,467 

William  (1641) 234,  371 

William  (1 762)  114,  105,  112,  1 73,  466,  467 

Phipps,  Joshua  B.  (181 2) 364,  362,  368,  384 

Solomon  (1796) 285,  284,  299,  304,  306,  364 

Pickens,  John,  Jr.  ( 1 806) 335,  329 

Pickman,  Benjamin  T.  (1819) 408,384,405 

Pierce,  Rev.  John,  D.  D 374,  372,  375 

Joseph  (1769) . . .  159,  67,  101,  156,  162,  163,  164, 
166,  167,  172,  174,  177,  178,  179,  183,  188,  220, 

4'7 
Piper,  Nahum  (1794)  ••••277,275,308,310,325, 

326,367 
Pitcher,  Moses  (1760)  ...102,  100,  105,  116,  118, 

121,  173,  186 

Pollard,  Benjamin  (1726)  18,34,64,70 

Pomeroy,  Joseph  (1733) 13 

Popkin,  John,  Jr.  (1766) .   .  140,  139,  173,  179,  319 

Rev.  John  S.. 319,  317 

Porter,  Rev.  Eliphalet 370,  367,  369,  371 

Joseph  S.  (1820) 424,  419,  435 

Rev.  Samuel 70 

Powning,  Daniel  (1691) 465 

Pratt,  Samuel  (1734) 8,  13,49.63,  70 

Thomas  (1733) 13 

Prentice,  Rev.  Thomas 38,  37 

Prentiss,  Henry  (1786). 214, 175, 195,220,221,467 

Prescott,  Ephraim  ( 1 796) 286,  284,  299,  300, 

304,  305,  306 

Prince,  Samuel  ( 1 788) 234,  229,  245,  275,  278, 

279,  282,  294 
Proctor,  Edward  (1699) 82 

Edward  (1756) 82,  78,83,84,85,  121,  125, 

134,  166,  174,  179,  188,  190,  220,  246,  467 

Prout,  Joseph  (1674)  466,  467 

Prouty,  Jonas  (1814)  378,  375 


HONORABLE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


477 


Rand,  Samuel  (1720) 10 

Dr.  William  (1732) 34 

Ray  mond,  Thomas  ( 1 747) 46,  44.  54.  60,  95 

Rea,  Daniel,  Jr.  (1770) 163,  168,  172,  179,  191, 

219,  220,  248 
Daniel,  3d  (1789)  ..248,  163,  244,  246,  250,  418 

Redman,  Thomas  (1810) 348,  345,  349,  367 

Reed,  Ezra  (1812) 364,  302 

Reynolds,  Brewster  (1S21)     449,  436 

Richards,  John  (1644) 465,  467 

Jonathan  A.  (1821) 449.43° 

Nathaniel,  Jr.  (1816)  . .  .389,  378,  384,  387,  402, 

403.  434 

Richardson,  Asa  (1812) 365,  362,  368,  384 

Luke  (1812) 365,  362,  368,  383,  384,  402, 

403,  410 

Ridgeway,  Nathaniel  (1756) 85,78,95,  125 

Samuel,  Jr.  (1756)  (1773) 85,  78,95,  104, 

105,  116,  165,  175,  176,  179 

RlX,  Timothy  (1819)   408,  405 

Robbins,  Rev.  Nathaniel 174,  170,  171 

Roberts,  John  G.  (1847) 3§5 

Robinson,  Lemuel  (1774) 181,  166,  180,  182 

Robert  (1821) 449,436,458 

Thomas  (1814) 378,  375 

Rogers,  William  (1765)  133,  125,  156,  172, 

173.  191 
Roulstone,  Andrew(  181 1)  ■•■357,  349.  355.  365. 

368,  383,  404 
John  (1812)  365,  280,  337,349.  357.  362, 

368,371,383,386,390,391 
Michael  (1810)  (1821) 349.345.357.36'. 

365.  367.  384.  4°o,  402,  403,  436,  449,  450 
Royall,  Isaac  (1750) 56,  55,  57,  70,  95,  100, 

112,  116,  186,  189 
Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Company. ..1 10, 

»5i  137.  '53.  '54, 163, 164, 17'.  '72.  218,  2'9. 

221,  226,  242,  267,  273,  282,  293,  298,  299,  300, 

301,  305,  307,  316, 317,  341,  342,  351,  352,  353, 

354,  366,  41 1,  412,  413,  414, 415, 434, 456,  457 

Russell,  Benjamin  (1745) 36>  35.  78.  95.  '6o 

Benjamin  (1788)  ..  .234,  175,  229,  235,  236,  237, 

252,  254,  280,  281,  284,  288,  293,  294,  303,  308, 

312,  318,  320,  323,  331,  342,  355,  360,  361,  367, 

368,  370,  372,  374,  380,  3S5,  398 
James  (1812) . .  .366,  362,  381,  382,  384,  392,  434 

John  (1795) 281,  280,  394 

Joseph  (1722)  36 

Thomas  (1769) 160,  36,  156,  165,  172,  173, 

'74.  '77.  '9'.  22' 
Rutter,  Micah  M.  (1821) 450,  384,  436,  458 

Salisbury,  Josiah  (1 759) 97,  72,  96,  179 

Salter,  John  (1727) 25,  58,  62 

Sampson  ( 1 729)   100 

Samuel,  Jr.  (1739)  'o,  8,  13 

William  (1733)  466 

Saltonstall,  Richard  (1733) 3 ' 

Sanders,  Rev.  Daniel  C,  D.  D. 402,  397,  398 

Savage,  Arthur  (1738  ) 3,  5,  13,  78 

Ephraim  (1674)   465,  466,  467 

Habijah  (1699) 5,  II,  46°.  467 

Habijah  (1733) 2,  5 

Thomas  (1637) 27,  465,  466 

Thomas  (1693}  465 

Thomas  (1739) ",  5,  8,  13,  29,  6o,  62,  63, 

71,  86,  87,  88,  94,  98,  104 

Scott,  Edward  L.  (1821) 450,  436 

Scottow,  Joshua  (1645)  465,  467 


Searle,  Samuel  (1765) 133,  125,  173,  221 

Seaver,  Zechariah  ( 1 794) 277,  275 

Sedgwick,  Robert  (1637) 372 

Selectmen  of  Boston 465,  466 

Sellon,  Samuel  ( 1 765) 1 33,  63,  7 1 ,  1 25,  1 34, 

166,  172,  173 

Sewall,  Rev.  Joseph 184 

Samuel   ( 1679) 467 

Samuel  ( 1 720) 8 

Shattuck,  Daniel  (.1821) 450,  436 

Meshack   ( 1 809) 342 

William  (1787) 225,  188,  223,  249 

Sheafe,  Jacob  (1648)  465 

Sherburne,  Joseph  (1745)-    ••■3°.  34.  35-  5°>  5'> 
112,  467 

Thomas,  Jr.  (1769)  160,  156,  166,  173,221 

Sherman,  Rev.  Josiah 104,  103 

Shute,  Rev.  Daniel 144,  143 

Sigourney,  Andrew  (1806) 335,  237,  329,  342, 

343.  367.  309.  380,  3*2,  383.  385.  386,  392,  402, 
405,  418,  467 

Elisha  (1788)   237,  18,229,335 

Simonds,  Joshua  (181 1)  357,  355,  36S,  384 

Simpkins,  John  (1769I 160,  1 1,  61,  156,  157, 

179,  188,  417 

Nicholas  (1650) too 

Thomas  (1727) 2,  20 

William  (1739) 11,  8,  25,  36,  50,  87,  160 

Simpson,  Isaac  P.  (1801) 315,  312,  322,  323, 

342,  343 

Samuel  (1759)  " 97.  96>  99.  «I,  139 

Singleton,  George,  Jr.  (1792) 266,  262,  280, 

282,  300,  308,  384 

Skillin,  John,  Jr.  (1768) 152,  147,  173 

Skinner,  John  (1759) 97.  96>  "6.  "9.  '44. 

168,  171,  172,  173 

Smith,  Rev.  Aaron 153,  1 54 

Pliny  (1816) 389.384,387 

Thomas  (1702)   467 

Snow,  Nathaniel  (1821) 450,  436 

Thomas  (1741) 20,  19,  38,  50,  144 

Soley,  John  (1757) 87,  40,  88,  99 

Somerby,  Robert  (1818) 403,  402 

Southack,  Francis  (1816) 389,  384,  387,  402, 

403,  428 
Spear,  David  (1758) ....  93,  89,  94,  100,  116,  119, 
144,  155,  166,  173,  182 

Henry  (1813)  372,  371,  .,42 

John  (1772) 17P,  '69 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1774) 182,  179,  180,  191,2:0, 

229,  241 

Spencer,  Charles  (1814) 378,  ,75 

William  (1637)  ..72  ' 

Staples,  James  N.  (1816)  .389,  384,  387,  401,  402, 
403,405,418,434,460 

State  House 55,  299,  305,309,317 

Stearns,  George  (1819)  408,  405 

Stetson,  Amasa  ('796) 286,  284,  308 

David  (1798) 298,  297 

Stevens,  Erasmus  (1720) 8 

Stevenson,  Thomas  (1762) 114,  112,  124,  179 

Stillman,  Rev.  Samuel 165,  163,  164,  266,  418 

Stimpson,  Jeremiah  (1761) 108,  105,  116,  125, 

'39.  105.  '73.  '79 

Stoddard,  Anthony  (1639)  465,  466 

Asa  (1765)  ..134,  36,  125,  156,172,179,  183,  191 
Jonathan  ('765)  ....  134,  125,  135,  166,  169,  173, 

174,  188 
Simeon  (1675)   7>  4°5.  4^7 


478 


INDEX    TO    THE    HISTORY    OF    THE    ANCIENT    AND 


Stoddard,  Thomas  ( 1 744) .  3 1 ,  29,  33,  7 1 ,  90,  93, 95 

Stone,  Peter  L.  R.  (1819) 408,  405 

Storer,  Ebenezer  (1732)....  8,  II,  13,  24,  29,  38, 
51,58,  77,  171,467 

John  (1739)  11,  8,  24,  33,  95 

Rev.  Seth 24 

Stratton,   Frink  (1811) 357,  337,  355 

Stuart,  Silas  (1821)  450,  436 

Sturgis,  Russell  (1786) ..  ..215,  35,  189,  195,  220, 
229,  258,  466 

Stutson,  John  (1765) 135,  125,  156,  166,  173, 

179,  183, 1S9,  191,  219,  220,  226,  227,  254,  292 
Sullivan,  George  (1811)  (1819).  ..357,  355,  358, 
366,  368,  372,  384,  405,  408 

John  L.  (1812) 366,  357,  362,  368 

William  (1819)  ....408,  337,  357,  366,  405,  434. 
455,461,  462 

Sumner,  Amos  (1821) — 451,  436 

Thomas  W.  ( 1 792) 266,  262,  280,  282,  300, 

304,  305,  306,  367,  398 

William  H.  (1819) 409,  75,  330,  383,  387, 

405,  410,  423,  434,  436,  455,  456,  458,  461 

Swan,  Samuel  ( 1 788) 237,  229,  238,  242,  308 

Swett,  Samuel  (1819) -410,  405 

Swift,  Samuel  (1724)  41 

Samuel  (1746)  •   ..41,  39,  42,  49.  5°.  51.  53.  54. 
57.  58-  59.  60,  62,  94,  184 

Symmes,  Andrew  (1734) 13,  17,  68,  78,  103, 

166,  188 

Andrew  (1760) 103,  94,  100,  121,  173,  179, 

192,  229,  263 
John  (1733)  •••8,  51,  60,  62,  63,  71,  86,  94,  104, 
105,  III,  112,  114,  116,  120 

Thomas  (1758) 94,89,99,  139 

Rev.  Thomas 32 

Tactics 26,  166 

Tajler  (William),  Lieut.-Governor  (171 2) 17 

Talbot,  James  (1820) 424,  419,  455 

Tarbell,  John  (1813) 372,  371,  384 

Taylor,  Asa  (1814) 378,  375 

Rev.  John 25,  24 

William  (1738)   3,  5,  13,  17,  21,  24,  25,  28, 

32,  77,  86,  95,  99,  103,  105,  116,  121 

Thacher,  Rev.  Peter 274 

Rev.  Peter,  D.  D 274,  273,  275 

Thatcher,  George  M.  (1839) 350 

Thayer,  Ebenezer,  Jr.  (1788).  ••239,  166,  229,  247 

George  W.  (1819)  (1821) 410,  405,  436,  451 

Nathaniel  (1734) 8,  13,  14,  20,  21,  26 

Rev.  Nathaniel 303,  298,  299,  304 

Thomas,  Joshua  ( 1 792) 267,  262 

Thornton,  Timothy  (1691)   465 

Timothy  (1765) 135,  105,  125,  141,  173 

Thwing,  Nathaniel^  1 736)  (1761) 13,34,7'. 

78,  100,  105,  108,  179,  272,  466 

Samuel  (1793) 272,  270,  273 

Tilestone,  Onesiphorus  (1747) 46,  44,  47,  95, 

98.  99,  i°3.  i°4,  '°5.  '".  "2,  115,  116,  157 

Tisdale,  Asa  (1814) -.378,  375,  379,381,  384 

Todd,  Samuel  (1786) 215,  195,  220,  252,  254, 

270,  274,  290,  294, 298,  299,  305,  321,  327,  336, 
337.  339,  341,  342.  344.  35'.  355. 361, 362, 367, 
37",  375.  379.  38°.  381 

William,  Jr.  (1773) 176,  175,  189,  220,  223, 

226,417 

Torrey,  Ebenezer  (1765) 135,  125,  136,  156, 

172,  179,  191,  218,  220,  223,  226,  227,  360,  361, 
367.  398,  4°3 


Torrey,  Samuel,  Jr.  (1752)  ••••61,63,70,71,77, 
86,  87,  88,  94,  99,  124,  138,  144 

William  (1641)  61,  136 

William  (1765) 136,  100,  125,  135 

Town  Clerks  of  Boston  466 

Towne,  Salem,  Jr.  (1821) 451,  384,436,  459 

Town-house 2,  44,  55,  239,  249,  273,  327 

Townsend,  Penn  (1674) 465 

Samuel,  Jr.  (1796)  286,  284 

Town  Treasurer  of  Boston 467 

Trott,  George  (1765) 136,  125,  126,  127,  141, 

1(6,  172,  173 
Tucker,  Daniel  (1733)  13 

Joseph  (1807) 338.337 

William  (1 82 1) 451,436 

Tuckerman,  Edward  (1765)  ...  136,  125,  137,166, 
173,  188,  225,324 

Rev.  Joseph 324,323,325 

Turell,  Daniel  (1660)  7,  245,  465 

Daniel,  Jr.  (1674) 245 

Rev.  Ebenezer 6,  7 

Tyler,  John  (1S14) 379,  375,  381 

Pepperell  (17S6) 216,  195,  220 

Tyng,  Edward  (1642)  46c,  467 

William  (1638)  ..465 

Underhill,  John  (1637) 465 

Uniform.     See  Rules  and  Regulations. 

Usher,  Hezekiah  (1638) 465 

Hezekiah  (1665) 466 

John  (1673) 56 

Vail,  Edward  (1733)    8 

Verstile,  Peter  (1759) 97,  96 

Wakefield,  Terence  (1807) . .  .339,  337,  344,  351, 
367,  381,  382,  383 

Walcott,  Benjamin  (1745) 37,  35,  95 

Waldo,  Henry  S.  (1812) 366,362,368,384 

John  (1739) 11,8,  95,  188 

Waldron,  Samuel  (1806)   335,  329,  340,  341 

Walker,  Dudley  (1793) 273,  270 

Edward  B.  (1797) 292,  290,  301,  319,  320 

William  (1773) 176,  175,  177,  220 

Walley,  Abiel  (1710) 18,  54,  466 

Walter,  Rev.  Nathaniel 43,  42,  44 

Rev.  Nehemiah 43 

William  [Jr.]  (1791)  •  •  .260,  25S,  290,  293,  294, 
-    296,  299,  300,  301,  304,  305,  306,  307 

v.  William,  D.  D 311,  208,  258,  260,  262, 

270,  309 

Ward,  Asa  (1808) 341,  355,  361,  367,  380 

Ware,  Daniel  L.  (181 1) . .  .358,  355,  368,  380,  405 

Daniel  L.  (1854) 358 

Rev.  Henry 296,  293,  294 

Horatio  G.  (181 1) 358,  355,  368,  380 

Robert  ( 1 644) 3  r  8 

William  H.  (1850) 358 

Warner,  William  (1733) 2,  13,  33 

Warren,  John,  M.  D.  ..) 222,  161,  193,  221 

Waterman,  Nathaniel  (1768). .153,  147,  162,  173 

Waters,  Josiah  (1747) 47,  44,  58,  64,  95,  99, 

101,  103,  104,  105,  116,  119,  125,139,  144,  148, 
149,  156,  161,  162,  165,  172,  178,  179,  182,  191 
Josiah  [Jr.]  (1769)  ...  161,  47,  76,  101,  139,  143, 
149,  156,  165,  172,  174,  177,  178,  179,  183,  191, 
193,  218,  219,  220,  221,  223,  226,  227,  249,  250, 
255,  258,  260,  261,  267,  268,  269,  270,  273,  274, 
282,  287,  293,  299,  305,  310,  323 


HONORABLE    ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


479 


Watson,  Edward  (1821) 45I>436 

Moses  (181 1) 358>  355.368 

Watts,  Daniel  (1736) I3>  25 

Samuel  (1733) 13,  21,  26,  28,  58,  61,  70,  71 

Samuel  (1794) 277,  275,  296,  299 

Webb,  John,  jr.  (1761) 108,  105 

Joseph,  Jr.  (1761) 109,  25,  67,  loo,  105,  no, 

124,  139,  159,  165,  173,  174,  190.  192.467 

Thomas  C.  (1838) 385 

Welch,  John  (1736) 13,  14,  58,  62,  64,  70,  76, 

77,  86,  88,  188,  191 

Welles,  Arnold  (181 1) 359,  27,  355,  360,  361, 

366,  367,  36S,  369,  372,  3S4,  385.  387.  392.  398, 
434.  467 

George  (1807) 339,  337,  355-  36o,  367.  375. 

379.  384.  385.  400,  418,  428,  434.  454.  458 
Wells,  John  (1765)  ..  .137,  125,  173,189,  220,  273 

John  (1792) 137 

John  (1793) 273,  270 

Thomas  (1786) 216,  195,  220,  223,  226,  250, 

289,  359 
Thomas  (1811)  ....  359,  355.  368,  375,  379,  380, 
381,  382,  400,  403,  405,  434 

Welsteed,  Rev.  William 53.  62 

Wendell,  Jacob  (1733) 3.6,8,  10,  13,  18,21, 

26,  28,  32,  33,  34,  37,  38,  39,  42,  52.  54.  55.  61, 
77,7s,  87,  100,  114,467 

John  (1733) 14,  32,  37.42,52.54 

John,  Jr.  (1735) 2,  13,  37,58,86 

John,  3d  (1745) 37.  35.  49.  5°.  5»>  7°.  7' 

Wentworth,  Samuel  (1693)  24 

West,  Benjamin  (1797) 292,290,  312,  318,323 

John  (1745) 37,33.  35.38,49.  5° 

Rev.  Samuel,  D.  D 279,  278,  292 

Sanderson  (1761) •' no,  105,  173 

Wheeler,  David,  Jr.  (1765)  137,  23,  125,  173 

Eliphalet  (1821) 45>>436 

George  (1812) 366,  337,  362,  368 

Wheelwright,  Job  (1759). -.97,  35,  96,  116,  119, 

166,  173,  179,  186 

John  (1714) 54 

John  (1794) 277,  18,  275 

White,  Benjamin  ( 1 722) 34 

Isaac  (1733) 39.  467 

Joseph  (1722) 39.53,54 

Samuel  K.  (1814) 379,  371;,  381 

Whiting,  Stephen,  Jr.  (1772) ..  .170,  169,  172,179 
William  (1821) 452,  436 

Whitman,  Caleb  S.  (1827) yj 

Francis  (1755)  76,71,89,-.'- 

George  H.  (1829) 350 

John  W.     See  Whitman,  George  H. 

Z.  G.  (1810) 349,  15,  16,  27,  67,  72,  78,  97, 

106,  112,  117,  123,  135,  140,  153,  158,  159,  161, 

167,  175,  185,  190,  197,  201,  208,  21 1,  216,  224, 
230,  263,  271,  272,  276,  280,  285,  291,  323,  331, 

343,  345,  346,  347-  35°,  365.  367.  378.  382,  385. 
386,  392,  401,  402,  403,  405,  408,  418,  423,  424, 
425,  434,  437,  442,  454,  455,  457 
Whitney,  Ephraim  (1816) 390,  384,  387,  418, 

453 

Ezra  (1787)..., 225,  223,  229,  350 

Ezra,  Jr.  (1810) 35°.  345 

John  (1810) 350,  345,  367,  390 


Whitney,  Jonathan  (1797)  ■  •■292,  290,  291,  321, 
337.  339.  344.  351.  367.  37',  379.  382,  387. 
392 

Joseph  C 31 

Silas,  Jr.  (1810) 350,  345,  390 

WHiTrEMORE,  William  (1 7S9)  248,  246 

Whitwell,  Samuel  (1755)  •••76,  71,  95,  140,  188, 

467 

Wild,  Abraham  ( 1 788) 239,  229 

Samuel  (1773)  177,  175,  220,  258 

Wilder,  Marshall  P.  ("1828) 196 

Wilkins,  Josiah  (1816)  390,387,402,403 

Williams,  Charles  (1768) 153,  144,  147,  166, 

173.  '88 

Elijah  (1788) 239,  229 

Jacob  (1768) 153,  147,  162,  165,  172,  173, 

189,  191,  220 

Jeremiah   (1787) 225,  175,  223 

Jonathan  (171 1) 5,  18,  466,  467 

Jonathan,  Jr.  (1729) 5,  18,  21,  49,  58,  61,  62, 

112,  153,  174,  188,  191,  466,  467 

Nathaniel  (1644) 465 

Nathaniel  (1667) 465,  467 

Samuel  (1801) 315,  312 

Sendall  (1738) 5>  3.  6,  13,  '53 

William  (1733) 34 

William  (1789) 248,  246,  275,  278,  279,  293, 

308 

Wilson,  John  (1765) 37,  35,  50,  54 

Winneck,  John  ( 1 794) 278,  275 

WiNSLOW,  Andrew  G.  (1820) 425,  419,  436 

Benjamin  (1819) 410,  384,  405 

Edward  ( 1 700) 8,  466,  467 

John  (1692) 216 

John  (1764) 122,  61,  121,  123,  124,  173 

John  (1786)... 216,  142,  143,  171,  195,  204,  217, 
219,  220,  223,  227,  229,  241,  242,  244,  249,  253, 
254,  255,  260,  261,  262,  265,  267,  268,  269,  273, 
274,  275,  276,  278,  279,  282,  284,  287,  288,  293, 
294,  296,  298,  299,  300,  303,  304,  305, 306,  307, 
308,  309,  310,  312,  318,  319,  320,  321,  323,  325, 

326,  327,  336,  337.  339.  341,  342,  343.  344.  35'. 
360,  367,  395,  396,  398,  404,  418,  425 

Kenelm,  Jr.  (1743)    26,  25,  50 

Winthrop,  Adam  (1642) 465 

Adam  (1692) 21,  22, 465 

Adam  (1694) 3 

Grenville  T.  (1833) 452 

,    John  Temple  (1821) 452,  436 

Robert  C.  (1S30) 452,  464 

Thomas  L.  (1837) 357,  452 

Wait  (1692) 452 

Wise,  Daniel  (1813) 372,37'.  381.  382,  383 

John  (1774) < 182,  180,  189,  192 

Witherell,  Obadiah  (1772)  170,  169 

Wood,  Abraham  (1810) 350,  345,  367,  371, 

380,  381 

John  (1756) 85,  78,95 

Joshua  B.  (1803) 321 

Woods,  Rev.  Leonard 341 

Woodward,  Rev.  Samuel 124,  123 

Wright,  James  (1736) 13 

Wyman,  Francis  (1S17) 397,  393 

Nehemiah  (1820) 425,  397,  419,436 


Gi/°7C  -  G 


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