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RUTGERS 

UNIVERSITY 

LIBRARY 


^y  66 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2010  with  funding  from 

Lyrasis  Members  and  Sloan  Foundation 


http://www.archive.org/details/historyofmonmouOOsalt 


A  HISTORY 


OF 

JSONMOUTH  AND  ©GEAN  gOUNTIES,' 

EMBRACING    A 

GENEALOGICAL    RECORD 

Of  Earliest  Settlers  in  Monmouth  and  Ocean  Coun- 
ties AND  THEIR  DESCENDANTS. 

THE    INDIANS: 

Their  Language,  Manners  and  Customs. 
IMPORTANT  HISTORICAL  EVENTS. 

The  Revolutionary  War, 

Battle  of  Monmouth,. 

The  War  of  the  Rebellion1. 

Xaines  of  Officers  and  Men  of  Monmoiith  and  Ocean  Covu)tic.-' 
engaged  117  it,  etc.,  etc. 


By    EDWIN    SALTER.. 


BAYONNE,  N.  J.  : 

E.  Gardner  &  Son,  Publishers.. 

1890. 

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INDEX. 


Title  Page i 

Illustration     Portrait  of  the  Author ii 

Preface  by  the  Editor iii 

Obituary  Notice  of  Edwin  Salter,   the  Author v 

Biography  of  the  Author vii 

Table  of  Contents xi 

Salter  Family  Crest xv 

Introductory 1 

History  of  Monmouth  and  ( tcean  Counties 5 

An  Ancient  Patent   11 

Founders  of  Monmouth 12 

\  Woman,  of  Conr.se  ! 13 

A  Memorable  Scene v. 14 

The  First  English  Settler  of   New  Jersey Ifi 

The  Twelve  Patentees    16 

The  Rhode  Island  Monmouth  Association 17 

The  Monmouth  Patent 24 

C<  tmmencement  of  Settlements   27 

The  First  Legislative  Assembly  in  New  Jersey     32 

Buying  Land  i if  the  Indians 33 

Monmouth  County — When  Established   3P, 

Discovery  of  Ocean  County   37 

Old  Monmouth  Described  by  an  Ancient  Writer.    . .    38 

( )ld  Monmouth  Under  the  Dutch JO 

Causes  of  the  Revi  ilution,  etc   J2 

Boston  Acknowledges  Monmouth  Contributions   52 

Indian  Claims  in  Monmouth,  ( )ceau,  etc 58 

Members  of  Provincial  Assembly ....  •   60 

Early  History  of  <  >ld  Monmouth 62 

Traditionary  stories  of  the  Indians 64 

Indian  Will,  an  Eccentric  Aboriginal 67 

Indian  Peter 72 

An  Indian  Dinner — A  Savory  Dish.    73 

•  ('apt.  William  Tom 74 

Privateering    7,S 

Privateering  During  the  Revolution 80 

( >ld  Monmouth  During  the  Revolution 85 

Freehold  in  the  Revolution .  90 


INDEX. 

Upper  Freehold 92 

Old  Times— An  Ancient  Tavern  Book 95 

Old  Times  in  Ocean  County 99 

The  Coming  of  the  White  Man Ill 

Townships  in  Ocean  County 115 

Our  Coast 117 

Scenes  in  Old  Monmouth 1*21 

Ancient  Maps  and  Charts 124 

The  Revolutionary  War— Names  of  Soldiers 131 

The  Battle  of  Monmouth 152 

Old  Times  in  Old  Monmouth 166 

The  Attack  on  the  Russell  Family . .     170 

Phil.  White's  Capture  and  Death   172 

Mannahawken  in  the  Revolution   174 

Execution  of  a  Spy 182 

Capt.  Joshua  Huddy,  the  Hero  of  Toms  River 183 

Toms  River  During  the  Revolution 191 

Privateering  at  Toms  Rivei    ...    194 

Death  of  Capt.  Joshua  Studson   202 

The  Attack  on  Toms  River   204 

Capt.  John    Bacon,  the  Refugee  Leader 207 

Bacon  at  Goodluck,  Forked  River,  etc 208 

The  Massacre  on  Long  Beach 209 

Death  of  Bacon,  the  Notorious  Refugee 210 

Dick  Bird,  the  Potters  Creek  Outlaw 212 

The  Refugee  Davenport  and  his  Death 213 

Mannahawken  in  the  Revolution 214 

Fifth  Company  Monmouth  Militia 214 

Illustration — Cuts  of  Old  Tennent  Church  amd  Parsonage 215 

The  Old  Tennent  Church 215 

Visitors  at  the  Battle  Ground 216 

Captain   Mollie  Pitcher 220 

Remarkable  Trial  of  Rev.  Win,  Tennent  for  Perjury 221 

T-o'ms  River  During  the  Revolution 226 

Barnegat 237 

Religious  History 241 

Methodism  in  Old  Monmouth 2-42 

Episcopalianism  in  Old  Monmouth 244 

The  Rogerine  Baptists 249 

Mormonism  in  Ocean  County 252 

Episcopalianism  in  Barnegat 254 

Religious   Societies   255 

Early  Settlers — Creation  of  Townships,  etc   267 

Old  Times  in  Ocean  County — Last  War  with  England "290 

Birthplace  of  Universalism 294 

Illustration     Old  Potter  Church  at  Goodluck 295 

Portrait  of  Parson  Murray  of  Goodluck  Church 297 

Capt.  Adam  Hyler 298 


INDEX. 

Ni'M  Jersej  Watering  Places     304 

Centennial  Year  of  Peace 309 

High  Price  for  a  Monmonth  Book 318 

An  Amusing  Stratagem 314 

The  Skirmish  at  Mannahawken 316 

[lldstbatioh     Battle  Monument,  Freehold  ...     319 

The  Battle  Monument   -Efforts  to    Erect   it   320 

Monument  Meeting :t2l 

History  of  Battle  Monument  <  Organization 323 

'Ocean  County  Soldiers  in  War  of  Rebellion   :52(.f 

Ocean  County  Pensioners 347 

(fld  Dover  Township   351 

Nevesink 354 

Early  Navigators 357 

Purchasers  of  Shares  of  Land 359 

Records  of  Cattle  Marks  and  Estrays   362 

Geographical  Index  to  Surveys  in  Ocean  County 364 

Early  Surveys  in  Ocean  County 369 

Rev.  William  Mills 370 

A  Remarkable  Indian 371 

Was  Oliver  Cromwell's  Brother  an  Early  Settler  ? 381 

An  Old  Irish  Patent  of  Nobility 382 

History  of  the  Potter  Church 384 

Presbyterianism  in  Forked  River   394 

Presbyterian  Church  at  Forked  River 396 

Gen.  John  Lacey 400 

History  of  the  Baptists  in  Ocean  County 403 

Island  Heights   406 

Methodism  in  Ocean  County 409 

The  Battle  of  Monmouth 411 

Inlets   418 

Salt  Works   419 

Character  of  the  Refugees 420 

Revolutionary  Reminiscences 422 

Almost  Hanged  by  Mistake 423 

The  Murderer  Peter  Stout 425 

Interesting  Events 426 

The  Coasting  Trade   428 

Blacks  in  the  Revolution 429 

Lllustbation — Ex-Governor  Joel  Parker 430 

Memorial  and  Biography  of  Joel  Parker 431 

Persecution  of  Quakers 438 

Tales  of  the  Forest  and  Sea 441 


INDEX. 
GPiN  I.A1  LOGICAL   REO(  )RD. 


A — Abraham,  Adam,  Adams.  Akins,  Algor,  Allen,  A  limy,  Anderson, 
Antonides,  Antrim.  Applegate,  Arney,  Archer,  Arnold,  Arrowsmith, 
Arsley,  Ashton,  Aumack,  Austin,  Austen,  Aston,  Auckman. 

B— Baker,  Barcalow,  Barkelo,  Baird,  Bashan,  Barnes,  Han-lav.  Bailey, 
Baley,    Baylis,    Beakes,   Bedle,    Beedle,    Biddle,    Bennett,    Beere,    I 
Berry,  Bibby,  Bibbe,  Bigelow,  Bills,  Bird,  Blackmail,  Boels,  Boell,  Bodine, 
Bollen,    Booraem,    Boorem,    Borum,    Borden,    Burden.    Bower,    B- 
Bowne,  Bowker,  Bowgar,  Boude,  Bowde,  Boyd,  Buys.  Buys.  Bray,  1: 
Brinley,    Brindley,     Brittain,    Britton,    Brown,    Brower,    Bn   rer,     Bryan, 
Bryer,    Buckalew,    Bunnell,    BonnelL    Burrows,    Burtis,    Buck,     Buridge, 
Butcher. 

C  Campbell,  Camburn,  Camock,  Cannan,  Cannon,  Carman,) 
boom,  <'in\  Carhart,  Carter,  Carwithey,  Chadwick,  Chamberlain,  Cham- 
bers, Oheeseman,  Cheshire,  Child,  Chute.  Clark,  Clark.-,  Clayton,  I  lifton, 
Clothier,  Codington,  CoggeshalL  Cole,  Coleman,  Collins,  Colver,  ColwelL 
Combs,  Compton,  Conklin,  Conk.-.  Cook.  Cooper,  Corlies,  CottrelL  Court- 
ney. Covenhoven,  Conover,  Covert) Coward,  Cowdriok,  Cowperthwaite, 
Cox,  Craft,  ('ran.-,  Cranmer,  Craig,  Crome,  Craven,  Crawford.  Crowell. 

1) -Davis,  Davison,  DeBoogh,  DeBogh,  Debow,  DeHart.  Denise, 
Dennis,  Denyke,  Devill,  Duell,  Devereaux,  DeWildey,  Dey,  Dye,  Dikeman, 
Dyckman,  Dillon,  Dorsett,  Douglass,  Dove.  Drummond,  Dungan. 

E—  Earle,  Easton,  Eaton,  Eccles,  Edge,  Edwards,  Ellis,  Ellison. 
Empson,  English,  Estell,  Errickson,  Everingham,  Evilman,  Evillman, 
Emanuel,  Emlay,  Embley. 

F  Falkinburg,  Fardon,  Fenton,  Flinn.  Fithian,  Fish.  Forman, 
Foreman,  Furman,  FoxalL  Freeborn,  French,  Freneau,  Frythowart, 
Fullerton. 

(i  Gauntt,  Gibeson,  Guiberson,  Gibbons,  Gifford,  Goodbody, 
Gordon,  Gould,  Goulding,  Golding,  Grandin,  Grant,  Green,  Grover, 
Gulick. 

H— Hall,  Haight,  Haines.  Haynes,  Halsey,  Hamilton.  Hampton. 
BTance,  Hankins,  Hankinson,  Hanson.  Hart.  Harkcut,  Harker,  I  lart^- 
horne,    Earing,   Eatton,    Button,    Havens.    Haviland,   Heaviland,    Eawes, 

Heard. 

L  —  Lefever,  Lafetra.  Laing,  Laird,  Lamson.Lambson,  Lane,  Lawn-nee. 
Lawrie.  Laurie,  Layton,  Lawton,  LeCock,  Lacock.  LeConte,  Leeds, 
Letterts.  Leffertson,  LeLaistre,  Masters,  Leonard,  Letts,  Lewis,  Lloyd. 
Litdit,  Limming,  Lemon,  Lincoln,  Lippencott,  Lippit,  Little,  Longstreet, 
Lucar,  Luker,  Looker,  Lvell. 

M  Maddocks,  Malcolm,  Mapes,  Marsh.  Mattox,  McKay,  McKnight, 
Melvin,   Merrill.  Mestayer,   Middleton,   Millage,    Milledge,  Milner,    Mills, 

Melon.  Mellon.  Moore,  .Moor,  Morford,  Morris.  Mott,  Mount. 

>"     Nep.-r,  Naphr.  Newberry,  Newman.   Newell,  Nicholls,  Xisniuth. 

O    Oakley,  Ogborn,  Oliphant,  Ong,  Oung,  Okeson,  Osborne. 

1»  Page,  Pave,  Pangburn,  Parr,  Patterson.  Paul.  Payne,  Pearce, 
Fierce.  Percy,  Perkins.  Perrines,  Pew,  Pharo,  Phillips.  Pintard.  Piatt, 
P. ill. emus.  Potter.  Powell,  Predmore,  Preston,  Price,  Purdirin,  Pardon, 
Purdy. 


INK 

It     B  Randolph  pi     i:  khow, 

Bedford     B  raiogton,    Reynolds,    Ranolds,    ReoshalL     I; 
Richardson,    Rid  inson,    Rockhead,   Rockhi 

Romeyn,  Romine,  Rose,  Ruckman,  Rue,  Rulon,  Russell,  Ryall. 

S    Sadler,    Salem,    Salom,  Schenck,  ScoveL  Salmon,  8  10k, 

Shakerly,  Shattock,  Sharp,  Sherman,  Shepherd,  She] 
Sbiun.    Shn         -      kalea,    Silver,   Silirer,  Silverwood,  Sylvesl 

Slack,    Slaght,  Slocum,  Smith,  Smock,  Smack.  Snawsell, 
Snowhill,  S  Sooy,  Soper.  S    ithard,  Speare,  Spicer,  Sprag 

St  irk.  v.    Stelle,    Stephens,    Stewart,     Stillweu,     51  phen, 

Swain,  Swingler,  Swiny,  Swinny. 

T— Taber,  Tabor,  Tallman  Tartle,  Taylor,  Tharp,  Thorp,  Thompson, 
Tomson,  Thorasborough,  Throckmorton,  Tomkins,  Townsend,  Truax, 
Tucker,   rnnison,  Tomer. 

I*     Dsselton. 

V  Van  Brakle,  Van  Brockle,  Vane,  Van  ajsdale,  Van  Brant,  V  in 
Gelder,    Van  Cleef,    Van  Gleve,    Vanderveer,    Van  Doren,    Vandoorn 

ater,  Van  Dyke,  Van  -look.  Van  Home,  Vanhise,  Van  Kirk.  Van  Me- 
ter. Vaughn,    Vaughan,  Verway,  Vickfra,  Voorhees,  Vredenburgh,  Vroom. 

W— Waer,  Weir,  Waeir,  Wainright,  Walker,  Wall,  Walling,  Wallen, 
Walton.  Ward,  Wardell,  Warford,  Warne,  Warner,  Watson,  Webb,  Web- 
ley,  VVlls.  Wills.  West.  White.  Whitlc-k.  Wilbur,  Winner.  Winnow, 
Wing,  Wilkins,  Willett,  WhTetts,  Willis,  Williams.  Williamson,  W 
Winder.  Wmter.  Winterton,  Wolcott*  Woolcutt,  Wool.  Woodm 
Woodmancy,  Woodrow,  Woodward,  Woolley,  Worth.  Worthier,  Worden, 
Warden,  Wyckoff,  Wykoff. 

Y—  Yard. 

[For  additional   names   under  H.  I.  J.  K.  L.  and  P  of  Geneal'  . 
-  Ixvii  to  lxxx,  as  follows: 

H  — HandelL  Horndell,  Harndale,  II  urse,  Hebron.  Hepburn,  H~  1  len, 
Hellens,  Henderson,  Hendrickson,  Hepburn.  Herbert.  Harbert,  Harbor, 
Henghes,  Heyder,  Hick.  ligham,  Higgens,  Higbee,  Hilborne.  Hoff,  Hoff- 
mire,  Hoge,  Holman,  Horabin,  Horndell.  HornfuU,  Horner.  Horeman, 
Howard.  Hubbard,  Hubbs,  Huddy,  Huet.  Hnit.  Hewett,  Hulet.  Hulett, 
Hull  Hulshart.  Holsaert,  Hun,  Hunn,  Hunlock,  Hunt,  Hutchinson,  Hut- 
ton,  Hyers,  Hiers,   He  vers. 

I — Inilay,  Ingham,  Ingram,  Inman,  Irme— .  Isaacs,  Irons.  Ivins. 

J  --Jackson.  Jacob,  James.  Jeffrey,  Jerney,  Jorney,  Jerson.  Jenkins, 
Jennings.  Jewell  JueL  Jones,  Job,  Jobs,  Johnstone,  Johnston,  Johnson, 
Jolly,  Jolley.  Judah. 

K— Kaighn.  Kaighin.  Ker.  Kerr,  Killie.  Kimmons,  King,  Kinman, 
Kinmon,  Ketcham,  Kirby,  Kipp.  Kip,  Knott. 

L — Lacey,  Lafetra,  Lambert,  Luear,  Leonard. 

P— Parker. 


PRRFAGR. 


The  work  of  gathering  material  and  writing  an  accurate 
History  of   Monmouth    and    Ocean   Counties  covering  a 
period  of  over  two  centuries,  so  full  of  interest  to  resi- 
dents of  these  counties  and  to  the  people  of  New  Jersey, 
generally,  occupied  the  spare  time  of  the  author  of  this 
work  for  nearly  one-half  of  his  life-time,  or  more  than  a 
quarter   of    a   century.      Not    being   engaged   in   active 
business   during   the   last   three   years   of    his   life,  Mr. 
Salter's   time   was   exclusively   devoted    to  research    and 
investigation  for  the  purpose  of  securing  reliable  infor- 
mation in  regard  to  the  early  settlers  of  Old  Monmouth 
County  of  which  the  County  of  Ocean  was  once  a  part. 
In  order  to  accomplish  this  great  undertaking,  the  official 
records  not  only  of  Monmouth  and  Ocean  Counties,  and 
a  number  of  other  counties  of  this  State  were  searched, 
but  several  other  States  were  visited  at  great  cost  of  time 
and  means  and  the  State  and  county  records  patiently 
and  carefully  examined — notably  those  of  Western  States, 
to  which  many  of  the    citizens  of  Monmouth  and  Ocean 
Counties  had  from  time  to  time  emigrated.     The  result 
was,  the  obtaining  of  a  vast  amount  of  valuable  historical 
information,  the  collection  of  a  great  number  of  interesting 
local  incidents,  and  uncpiestionably  the  fullest  and  most 
valuable  Genealogical  Record  of  the  first  settlers  of  Mon- 
mouth and  Ocean  Counties  and    their  decendants,  ever 
compiled.     For  twenty-five  years  previous  to  his  death 
Mr.   Salter   was    a   corresponding   member   of   the   Xc\v 
Jersey  Historical  Society  and  the  recognized  authority  on 
genealogical  history,  having  been  for  years  on  its  Stand- 
ing Committee  of  Genealogy  of  New  Jersey  families.     It 
was  conceded  during  the  lifetime  of  the  author  that  there 
was  no  man  in  the  State  so  thoroughly  informed  of   the 


jy  TREFACE. 

history  of  first  families  of  New  Jersey  (166-^1078)  as 
Edwin  Salter. 

The  design  in  publishing  this  book,  primarily,  is  to 
carry  out  the  long-felt  desire  of  the  deceased  author  to 
furnish  the  citizens  of  Monmouth  and  Ocean  counties 
with  a  reliable  and  interesting  historical  work  ;  secondly, 
to  perpetuate  the  honored  name  and  memory  of  the  dis- 
tinguished author,  and  thirdly,  for  the  benefit  of  his 
esteemed  widow,  who  for  so  many  years  encouraged  and 
aided  her  husband  in  his  arduous  and  responsible  duties. 

To  the  undersigned — between  whom  and  the  lamented 
author  there  existed  for  nearly  twenty  years  a  close  and 
abiding  friendship — was  assigned  the  duty  of  editing  and 
preparing  for  publication  the  valuable  material  left  by 
the  deceased  historian.  In  this  responsible  undertaking 
the  Editor  has  studiously  endeavored  to  omit  nothing 
essential  to  the  completeness  of  the  history,  but  has 
striven  to  present  the  work  in  the  form  which  lie  believes 
would  have  been  acceptable  to  the  lamented  author.  In 
the  hope  that  it  may  bs  equally  so  to  the  citizens  of 
Monmouth  and  Ocean  counties,  for  whom  it  has  especially 
been  prepared,  the  work  is  respectfully  submitted. 

E.  GARDNER,  Editor, 

December  1,  1889.  Bayonne,  N.  J. 


OBITUARY  NOTIGR. 

[From  the  Times  and  Journal,  Lakewood;  N.  J.,  Dec.  22,  1888.] 

TO  EDWIN  SALTER'S  MEMORY. 


To  give  in  a  cold  and  conventional  way  an  outline  of 
the  life  of  Edwin  Salter  would  be  an  easy,  and  to  us  an 
ungrateful,  task.  It  is  so  little  to  the  purpose  that  he 
lived  more  than  sixty  years;  that  he  died  at  Forked 
River ;  that  he  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature  and 
Speaker  of  the  House  ;  that  he  was  for  a  score  of  years  a 
clerk  in  one  of  the  Departments  at  Washington — 
these  are  the  tilings  that  we  all  know,  and  in  some  sense 
lie  may  be  measured  by  them.  But  our  immediate  con- 
cern with  his  life,  uow  that  he  is  done  with  it,  is  how  and 
to  what  purpose  he  lived  it.  Men  of  as  little  moment, 
after  they  go  hence  (and  often  before)  as  a  dead  letter  in 
a  waste-basket,  go  to  the  Legislature,  sit  in  the  Speaker's 
chair,  or  hold  a  clerkship  under  the  government.  The 
political  status  of  the  State  has  come  to  this,  whether  by 
progress  or  retrogression  is  of  no  moment  here  except  to 
confront  the  face  of  the  fact  and  be — it  so  happens  often— 
ratherbelittled  than  distinguished  by  it.  Edwin  Salter 
was  not  one  of  the  little  men  of  either  his  time  or  his 
generation.  When  he  sat  as  a  servant  of  the  people,  it 
was  to  their  honor  and  his  credit.  When  he  was  a  gov- 
ernment clerk,  he  was  faithful  and  efficient.  His  public 
life  was  clean  and  meritorious.  So  much  for  truth  and 
for  him  in  this  respect. 

But,  compared  to  his  life  as  a  student  and  chronicler 
of  State  history,  his  public  life  was  as  a  flicker  beside  a 
flame.  When  the  one  is  almost  forgotten,  and  when  it 
would  be  entirely  so  but  for  his  name  being  linked  with 
it,  his  contributions  to  the  career  of  the  State  and  his 
delineations  of  the  character  of  its  men  and  women,  will 


VI  OBITUARY   NOTICE. 

be  growing  brighter  in  a  steadier,  stronger  light.  When 
the  one  will  be  almost  valueless  save  as  a  chronological 
fact,  the  other  will  be  invaluable  as  a  historical  heirloom 
to  all  future  generations  of  Jerseymen.  By  this  work  he 
will  live  iu  the  association  of  men  of  renown ;  his  work 
will  be  perpetual,  because  upon  its  merits  it  will  deserve 
perpetuity.  His  patience  in  collectiug  data,  his  industry 
in  the  pursuit  of  information,  his  care  and  judgment 
in  selection,  his  love  of  veracity  and  respect  for  fact 
his  clearness  in  detail  and  ability  in  setting  the  whole 
sum  of  his  studies  before  the  world,  his  modest  and 
unpretentious  concealment  of  himself — these  are  some, 
and  only  some,  of  the  characteristics  of  Edwin  Salter's 
life.  Men  of  this  stamp  do  not  die  and  be  forgotten. 
They  are  not  ephemeral.  They  "still  live"  when  the 
multiplying  years  have  left  their  unrecognizable  dust 
far  behind.  Students  of  history  must  pause  to  do 
honor  to  their  memory  and  be  grateful  to  them  for  the 
good  they  did  with  little  hope  of  reward.  Indeed,  re- 
ward, beyond  such  as  necessity  "may  have  entailed,  did 
not  enter  into  the  consideration  with  Edwin  Salter.  He 
loved  his  chosen  work,  and  gave  of  his  means  to  it  as 
freely  as  he  would  have  lightened  the  burdens  of  a  beg- 
gar at  his  door,  giving  all  that  he  had.  His  private  life 
was  that  of  the  Christian  man — pure  and  undetiled.  He 
was  generous  to  a  double  fault,  honorable  to  the  breadth 
of  a  hair,  mild  and  gentle  as  the  village  jjreaclier  whose 
life  is  perpetuated  in  undying  verse,  and  true  as  the  love 
that  was  beneficently  given  to  him  that  he  might  share  it 
with  others.  Thus  we  knew  him,  and  here  we  lay  this 
tribute  to  a  beloved  memory  upon  the  bier  of  its  de- 
parted shade. 


BIOGRAPHY. 


Edwin  Salter  died  at  Forked  River,  N.  J.,  December 
15,  1888,  aged  sixty-four  years.  H<v  was  the  son  of  Amos 
Salter  and  Sarah  Frazier,  and  was  descended  from  some 
of  the  oldest  families  of  Monmouth  county — the  Bownes, 
Lawrences  and  Hartshornes.  His  original  ancestor  in 
America  emigrated  from  Devonshire,  England,  and  set- 
tled at  Middletown  previous  to  1687.  He  was  a  lawyer, 
a  man  of  distinguished  ability,  which  was  illustrated  in 
the  part  which  he  took  as  counsel  with  Captain  Johu 
Bowne  in  the  controversies  of  the  people  with  the  Lords' 
Proprietors. 

Edwin  Salter  was  born  in  Bloomingdale,  Morris  Co., 
February  6th,  1821.  While  a  youth,  he  removed  with 
his  parents  to  the  more  northern  part  of  the  State.  At 
the  age  of  fourteen,  he  became  a  member  of  a  Presby- 
terian Sunday  school  in  Newark  ;  three  years  later  he 
made  a  profession  of  his  faith  in  Christ,  in  a  church  of 
the  same  order.  He  subsequently  removed  to  Philadel- 
phia and  was  there  employed  as  a  clerk  in  a  book-store, 
but  afterwards  removed  to  Forked  River  and  taught 
school.  For  a  time  he  led  a  seafaring  life,  being  master 
of  a  schooner  in  the  coasting  trade. 

In  1857  he  was  elected  by  the  Republicans  of  Ocean 
county  as  their  representative  in  the  Assembly  of  New 
Jersey,  the  first  Free  Soil  member  in  that  body.  He  was 
returned  for  the  two  following  years  and  in  the  session 
of  1859  he  was  elected  Speaker  and  filled  the  position 
with  great  ability.  In  1861  he  received  an  appointment  in 
the  United  States  Treasur}^  Department,  which  he  held 
for  five  years,  when  he  resigned.  He  was  reappointed 
shortly  afterwards  to  a  clerkship  in  the  Fourth  Auditor's 
office,  where  he  remained  till  1886,  when  he  returned  to 
Ocean  County. 


Vlll  BIOGRAPHY. 

He  had  a  taste  for  historical  research,  especially  in  the 
study  of  genealogical  Hues.  He  spent  much  <>f  his  time 
iu  his  later  years  iu  prosecuting  his  researches  into  the 
history  of  the  early  families  of  Moumouth  and  Ocean 
Counties,  his  residence  at  Washington  affording  him 
peculiar  facilities  for  the  work,  through  his  ready  access  to 
the  National  Archives.  The  information  here  obtained 
was  supplemented  by  searches  of  the  public  records  of 
States  and  counties,  north  and  south.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  he  had  accumulated  a  vast  amount  of  historical  and 
genealogical  matter — the  work  of  years  of  patient  and 
laborious  research — for  a  history  of  Monmouth  and 
Ocean  counties,  which  he  had  long  contemplated  pub- 
lishing. Referring  to  notices  he  had  prepared  of  the 
principal  families  now  represented  in  Monmouth,  he 
wrote  in  a  letter  to  a  friend  on  the  14th  of  November, 
1888,  only  a  month  before  his  death,  "Take  the  matter 
altogether,  I  believe  it  will  be  the  most  complete  account 
of  the  early  settlers  (and  settlement)  ever  published  of 
any  county  in  the  United  States  settled  previous  to  1700." 
Mr.  Salter  was  the  author  of  a  series  of  historical  sketches 
published  in  the  Monmouth  Democrat,  1873-'71,  entitled 
"Old  Times  in  Old  Monmouth."  His  frequent  contri- 
butions to  the  journals  of  Monmouth  and  Ocean  over  the 
signatures  of  "  Selah  Searcher"  and  "  Pilot"  bear  testi- 
mony among  others  to  his  zeal  in  historical  study  and 
his  readiness  to  give  the  fruits  of  his  research  to  his  fel- 
low citizens. 

Edwin  Salter's  name  stands  enrolled  as  a  member  of  a 
Presbyterian  Sunday-school  at  Forked  River,  in  1831.  In 
1860,  he  was  superintendent  of  the  same  school,  beside 
teaching  the  Bible-class.  He  married,  in  185:2,  Margaret 
Bodine,  of  Barnegat,  who  survives  him.  Their  son, 
George  W.  Salter,  a  most  estimable  young  man,  died  at 
Rio  de  Janeiro,  Brazil,  March  27th,  1880,  of  typhus  fever, 
while  stationed  at  that  port  as  paymaster's  clerk  of  the 
United  States  Naval  Depot. 

Mr.  Salter  was  a  man  of  great  force  of  character,  gen- 
erous, open-hearted  and  strong  in  the  maintenance  of  the 


BIOGRAPHY.  i\ 

right.  He  had  no  sympathy  with  Lawlessness  or  lownesa 
of  aim.  Withoui  pretension,  he  aspired  to  the  best  in 
personal,  domestic  and  social  Life.  In  his  religious  lifp 
there  was  no  affectation  or  cant.  A  genuine  heartiness  and 
catholicity  of  spirit  moulded  his  creed  ami  his  conduct 
His  manners  were  genial,  liis  spirit  was  broad  and  liberal. 
He  was  a  simple-hearted,  earnest  Christian  gentleman. 
He  filled  a  large  place  in  the  affections  of  his  friends  and 
acquaintances,  by  whom  his  death  is  most  sincerely 
mourned. 

He  was  elected  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  Historical 
Society  on  May  "21st.  1863,  and  was  esteemed  one  its  most 
valuable  members  in  promoting  the  purposes  of  its  organi- 
zation. His  remains  were  laid  in  the  Masonic  Cemetery 
at  Barnegat,  after  a  funeral  service  held  at  the  Presbyterian 
Church.  ^ 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


SUBJECTS. 

Ocean  County — Olden  Times  in;  Discovery,  Settlement;  When  sot 
off  and  established;  Proprietors' Division  of  Lands;  First  persons  to  take 
uplands;  Business  in  Old  Times;  Genealogy;  Church  History,  Revolu- 
tionary and  Miscellaneous  Matter;  Scenes  on  the  ('cast;  Indian  Tradi- 
tions ;  Tales  of  the  Forest  and  of  the  Sea,  Ac. 

History  of  Ocean  County — Discovery  by  Henry  Hudson  in  1609; 
Exploring  our  Coast;  Buying  Land  of  the  Indians;  Copy  of  the  noted 
Monmouth  Patent  granted  in  1665';  Account  of  the  purchases  of  lands 
from  the  Indians  -  -prices  paid  and  names  of  purchasers  ;  Settlers  of 
Middletown.     The  Stout  Family ;  Tradition. 

Monmouth  County — When  established.  Henry  Hudson's  visit  to  Old 
Monmouth.  Old  Times  in  Old  Monmouth;  The  Battle  of  Monmouth; 
Causes  of  the  Revolution — Principles  involved  ;  The  Battle  Monument  ; 
Monmouth  under  the  Dutch. 

The  Indians — Tools  of  the  Indians  ;  Making  Canoes  ;  Making  Flour  ; 
Indian  Peter  ;  Traditions  ;  Indian  Stories  ;  Indian  Claims  in  Ocean  and 
Monmouth  Counties,  and  vicinity  ;  Indian  Will,  a  noted  character. 

First  Families  in  Old  Monmouth  ;  Privating  on  our  Coast  ;  Old  Mon- 
mouth During  the  Revolution;  Reminiscences,  do;  Captain  Joshua 
Huddy,  the  Hero  Martyr  of  Old  Monmouth  ;  Captain  William  Tom  ;  Con- 
gressional Representatives  ;  Episcopalianism  in  Old  Monmouth. 

The  Revolutionary  War — Soldiers  of  the  Revolution  ;  List  of  Officers 
and  Privates  of  Old  Monmouth  ;  Toms  River  during  the  Revolution  ; 
Privateering;  Attack  on  Toms  River;  Burning  the  Village;  A  Day  of 
Horror;  Capture  of  Captain  Joshua  Huddy;  Attack  on  the  Russell  Family; 
Captain  Adam  Hyler  the  daring  Privateer  of  the  Revolution  ;  The  noted 
Refugee  Davenport  and  his  death  ;  The  last  War  with  England. 

Toms  River — Origin  of  the  name  ;     Indian  Tom  ;   Religious  History 
Captain  William  Tom  ;     The  Rogerine  Baptists  ;     Mormonism  in   Ocean 
County. 

The  Potter  Church— The  Rev.  John  Murray  the  first  preacher  of 
Universahsm  in  America  ;  He  sailed  from  England  for  New  York,  July  21st, 
177U  ;  His  accidental  meeting  with  Thomas  Potter  and  remarkable  call  to 
become  a  Preacher  ;  Birthplace  of  Universahsm  in  America  ;  Celebration 
Of  the  Centenary  of  Universahsm  at  Goodluck  in  1870. 


Xll  CONTENTS. 

Barnegat — Its  discovery  over  two  hundred  years  ago  ;  The  first  house 
built  at  least  as  early  as  17^<i  ;  Religious  Societies  ;  First  Church  was  a 
Quaker  Meeting  House  built  in  1770;  The  Presbyterians  among  early 
r3ligious  pioneers  in  1760;  The  Episcopalians  in  1750  :  the  Methodists  in 
1829  ;  Records  of  the  Several  denominations.  && 

History  of  Monmouth — An  Ancient  Patent;  Disputes  between  the 
Dutch  and  English  in  regard  to  its  Settlement  ;  the  "Whites  entering  Sandy 
Hook  in  1524  ;  Provisions  of  the  Monmouth  Patent  ;  "A  good  land  to  fall 
»n  with  anl  a  pleasant  land  to  see"7;  "Free  liberty  of  Conscience  without 
any  molestation  or  disturbance  whatsoever  in  the  way  of  worship";  "Was 
Oliver  Cromwell's  brother  an  early  settler? 

The  Founders  of  "Monmouth  ;  who  they  were  and  whence  they  came  ; 
A  Memorable  Scene  ;  The  first  English  Settler  in  New  Jersey,  Richard 
Stout,  in  about  1645  ;  The  Twelve  Patentees  ;  The  Pihode  Island  Monmouth 
A  -  elation  ;  List  of  names  of  persons  who  contributed  toward  buying  the 
land  in  Monmouth  of  the  Indians. 

Toms  Peter  during  the  Revolution  ;  Sketches  of  the  Leading  Citizens 
of  Dover  township,  && 

Old  Dover  Township — The  Town  Book  of  old  Dover  containing  a  list 
of  Officers,  from  1783  down  to  1361  ;  Proceedings  at  ancient  town  meetings; 
The  poor  of  the  township  sold  annually  ;  Members  of  the  Township  Com- 
mittee allowed  81.00  per  day  for  services  ;  The  Fish  laws  :  The  record  of 
Cattle  marks  and  Estrays  ;  List  of  Presiding  Officers  or  Moderators,  frorn 
1846  to  1861. 

Churches  and  Soceetees  in  Ocean  Cotjmty — Presbyterianisin  at  Toms 
River  ;  Methodism  do. ;  Baptist  Seaside  Association  ;  Island  Heights  ;  Lava- 
let  ;e  City;  Episcopalianism  at  Toms  River;  Baptist  Church  at  Toms 
River.     Presbyterianisin  at  Bricksburg. 

Creation  of  Townships  in  Ocean  County  ;  Jackson,  Plumsted  and 
Union  Townships  ;  Interesting  Records. 

.History  of  Religious  Societies,  Banks,  Roads,  Railroads,  Stage  Lines, 
Seaside  Resorts,  Cranberry  Statistics,  Fish,  Fowl,  Game  Laws,  Forest 
Fires,  &c 

The  "War  of  181*2 — An  Old  Monmouth  Preacher  ;  Ocean  County 
Families  ;  First  Families  of  Old  Monmouth  ;  Freehold  in  the  Revolution  ; 
Historical  Reminiscences,  Ac. 

Biographical  Sketches  — Forman.  Seymour,  Holmes,  Birdsall,  Parker, 
Ashfield,  "Wright,  Luyster,  Remsen.  Rev.  Ubadiah  Holmes,  Earl,  Tiltom 
and  others. 

Ferst  Settlers  of  Old  Monmouth — Founders  of  Families ;  One 
Thousand  Surnames  ;  Interesting  Historical  Incidents. 

Commencement  of  Settlements — Warrants  for  lands  granted ; 
Churches. 

First  Sunday  School  at  Forked  River  ;  Presbyterianisin  and  Method- 
ism at  Forked  River,  and  Churches  ;  Holmes'  Old  Mill ;  Laeey  Township  ; 

..  Lacev. 


CONTENTS.  MIL 

Ocean  County  Soldiers  i:i  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  ;  Names,  periods  of 
Enlistments,  Names  of  Companies,  discharges,  transfers,  deaths,  &c. 

Chubches  in'  Ocban  C  tntv  Cedar  Grove,  Manchester,  Collier's  Mills, 
Pleasant  Grove,  Staffordville,  Point  Pleasant,  Metetecunk,  Manahawken, 
Cedar  ltuu,  Herberteville,  KettleCreek,  Bethel,  Whiting,  Pleasant  Plains, 
Bayville,  Toms  River,  Bricksbnrg,  Cassville,  West  Creek,  Barnegat,  Wares- 
town,  Quakers,  llogerine  Baptists,  &.c. 

Dover  Township — Roman  Catholic  Church;  Bible  Christian  Church; 
Cedar  Grove  M.  E.  Church  ;  Pleasant  Plains  M.  E.  Church. 

Lakewood  M.  E.  Church  Organized  ;  Methodists  at  Lakewoo  I  ;  Epis- 

oopalianism  in  Ocean  County  ;  First  Baptist  Church  at  Bricksburg  ;  Liberal 
Christian  Society  at  Lakewood. 

Lakewood — Hotels;  Joseph  W.  Brick;  Hotel  and  Land  Association; 
Tobacco  factory. 

Presbyteriaxism  along  shore  as  early  as  17-4G  ;  The  Potter  Universalist 
Church  at  Goodluck  ;  Baptist  Church  at  Manahawken 

Towxshlps  ;  Plumsted  Township;  New  Egypt;  Churches  in  New 
Egypt  ;  Sons  of  Temperance,  Division  No.  12  ;  Plumsted  Institute. 

Brick  Township — Burrsville  ;  Aletetecunk  ;  M.  E.  Church  ;  Point 
Pleasant  Churches  ;  Herbertville  ;  Point  Pleasant  Land  Co. ;  Arnold  (  !ity  ; 
Baptists  in  Brick  Township  ;  do.  at  Kettle  Creek  ;  Silverton  AI.  E.  Church  ; 
Alantoloking ;  Bay  Head  ;  Churches,  &c. 

Ferrago-Baiiber  ;  Forga  built  1803 ;  Gen.  John  Lrce ;:  ;  Licey 
Township  ;  Eagleswood  Township  ;  West  Creek  ;  Staffordville  ;  Churches. 


■(B*ARB*AJDCS- 


THE  SALTER  FAMILY  CREST. 


The  publisher  is  indebted  to  James  Steen,  Esq., 
Counsellor-at-Law,  of  Eatontown,  N.  J.,  for  the  Crest,  or 
Coat-of-arms,  of  the  Salter  family.  It  was  pasted  in  a 
law  book  over  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  old,  owned  by 
Lawyer  Steen,  which  lie  generously  loaned  the  publisher, 
and  from  which  the  above  electrotyped  cut  was  made. 
In  his  letter  referring  to  the  plate,  Mr.   Steeu  says  : 

Eatontown,  N.  J.,  Sept.  'is,  1889. 

Mr.  E.  Gabdneb  -Deab  Sir: 

Yours  nf  27tL  received.  While  the  picture  is  undoubtedly  the  Coat-of- 
arins,  it  is  technically  called  a  '"boot  plate"  when  used  as  in  this  ease. 
Richard  Salter  of  ' Barbados, '  came  to  Monmouth  county  and  was  a  Jus- 
tice here  for  main  years,  I  think.  The  first  time  he  appeared  at  Court  was 
on  May  23,  1704.  when  the  Court  sat  at  Shrewsbury. 

I  have  in  my  possession  a  manuscript  book  of  accounts  of  the  Over- 
seers of  the  Poor  of  Shrewsbury  township,  containing  six  signatures 
(autograph)  of  Justice  Richard  Salter,  auditing  the  overseers' accounts,  as 
was  required  by  law  at  that  time.  The  first  was  April  Li,  1740  ;  the  Last 
June  23,  1748. 

My  impression  is,  that  among  Mr.  Salter's  sketches  you  will  find  one 
of  the  Salter  family.  and  will  lie  able  to  trace  relationship. 

Perhaps  Richard  Salter  of  17(14,  was  father  of  Richard  Salter  of 
1746. 

Yours  truly, 

JAMES  STEEN. 


INTRODUCTORY. 


The  renowned  Diedrich  Knickerbocker  in  his  famous 
History  of  New  York  contended  that  in  order  to  give  a 
proper  understanding  of  the  origin  of  the  settlement  of 
New  York,  it  was  necessary  to  begin  with  an  account  of 
the  creation  of  the  world,  for  said  he  "  if  this  world  had  not 
been  formed  it  is  more  than  probable  that  this  renowned 
island  on  which  is  situated  the  City  of  New  York,  would 
never  have  had  an  existence! "  and  after  establishing  the 
fact  that  the  world  really  was  formed,  he  proceeds  to 
give  an  outline  of  various  noted  events  in  its  history  from 
that  time  down  to  the  commencement  of  the  settlement 
of  New  York. 

In  giving  an  account  of  the  settlement  of  Monmouth, 
the  writer  will  venture  to  depart  from  the  precedent  set 
by  so  noted  an  author  and  will  take  it  for  granted  not 
only  that  the  world  was  created  and  that  many  important 
events  had  happened  in  its  history,  but  also,  for  the 
present,  will  assume  that  the  county  was  discovered  be- 
fore any  attempt  to  settle  it  was  made  ! 

The  various  accounts  by  the  first  whites  who  are 
known"  or  supposed  to  have  discovered  the  shores  of 
Monmouth,  or  landed  on  its  soil,  undoubtedly  should 
have  a  place  in  the  history  of  the  County,  but  inasmuch 
as  most  of  these  have  been  published  in  general  and  local 
histories  of  the  country,  it  is  thought  sufficient  to  com- 
mence directly  with  an  account  of  the  first  efforts  to  es- 
tablish settlements  in  the  county. 

Some  writer  says  that  Richard  Stout  and  family  and 
five  other  families  made  an  attempt  to  settle  in  Middle- 
town  in  1648,  but  after  remaining  four  or  five  years  they 
were  compelled  to  leave  on  account  of  threatened  attacks 
from  Indians.  This  does  not  correspond  with  the  version 
of  the  story  published  over  a  century  ago  in  Smith's  History 


Z  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

of  New  Jersey.  That  states  that  there  were  about  fifty 
families  in  the  infant  settlement  at  the  time  of  this  threat- 
ened attack,  and  that  they  were  not  frightened  off  but 
remained.  This  indicates  that  the  affair  occurred  after 
the  settlement  had  been  permanently  established. 

At  the  time  of  the  first  settlement  of  Monmouth,  the 
difficulties  between  the  Diitch  and  the  English  relating 
to  the  ownership  and  sovereignty  of  New  York  and  Now 
Jersey  originated  in  the  question  of  earliest  discoveries 
by  navigators.  The  English  based  their  claim  on  dis- 
coveries made  in  the  reign  of  Henry  7th,  by  Cabot,  and 
the  Dutch  based  theirs  on  the  discoveries  made  by  Sir 
Henry  Hudson  in  1609.  There  is  nothing  on  record  to 
show  that  Cabot  ever  landed  on  the  soil  of  the  disputed 
territory.  The  first  account  of  Whites  landing  in  this 
section  is  contained  in  Verazzana' s  account  of  his  voyage 
in  1524,  to  the  King  of  France,  under  whose  auspices  his 
expedition  had  been  fitted  out. 

The  Nevisinck  or  Navisink  Indians  occupied  the  tract 
of  land  in  Monmouth  between  the  Atlantic  and  the  Eari- 
tan  Bay.  It  is  evident  that  the  Dutch  of  New  Amster- 
dam, at  an  early  period  in  the  settlement  of  that  place, 
carried  on  a  trade  in  their  small  sloops  with  the  Nevisink 
Indians.  The  noted  Patroon,  Van  Iiensalher,  had  a  land- 
ing place,  known  as  Rensalher's  Pier,  near  the  High- 
lands. In  1643,  the  Indians,  for  some  cause,  were 
aroused  against  the  Dutch  ;  one  of  their  traders  named 
Aert  Theunnisen,  said  to  have  been  from  Hoboken,  prob- 
ably not  knowing  that  the  Navesinks  were  among  the 
hostile  tribes  or  bands,  crossed  over  in  his  sloop  to 
Shrewsbury  Inlet,  then  called  by  the  Dutch  Beeregat, 
where  he  was  surprised  and  killed. 

O'Callaghan's  History  of  New  Netherlands,  says  a 
patent  for  an  Indian  tract  on  the  Raritan  was  granted  to 
Augustus  Heermans,  March  28,  1651,  and  for  a  colony  at 
Nevesinks  to  Cornelius  Van  Werekhoven,  November  7th, 
1651. 

The  writer  has  found  no  mention  of  any  attempt  to 
settle  on  the  land  purchased  by  the  Dutch,  but  as  the  pre- 


[NTIiODl  CTORY.  '■'> 

sumption  is  thai  one  object  ha  view  was  to  found 
ment,  il  recalls  the  statement  made  in  one  version  of  the 
familiar  story  of  Penelope  St  out  to  the  effect  that  shortly 
after  she  married  Richard  Stout  they  settled  where  Mid- 
dletown  now  is.  and  there  were  at  that  time  but  sis  white 
families  Ln  the  s  sttl  sment,  including  their  own.  and  that 
this  was  about  L648,  and  that  after  a  few  yea;-  th<  y  were 
compelled  to  abandon  the  place  on  account  of  threatened 
Indian  troubles.  The  version  given  in  Smith's  Eistory 
of  New  Jersey,  says  that  at  the  time  of  this  threatened 
Indian  trouble  there  were  some  fifty  families  at  Middle- 
town  :  but  this  version  evidently  gives  the  traditional 
number  of  families  at  Middletown  when  the  permanent 
settlement  was  effected  a  number  of  years  later,  ."end 
not  probable  that  this  threatened  Indian  trouble  occurred 
after  that,  as  if  it  had  been  the  case,  there  would  in  all 
probability  have  been  some  allusion  to  it  in  ancient  rec- 
ords, such  records  for  ■  as  the  old  Middletown  Term 
Book. 

In  1643  a  war  exist  id  between  the  Dutch  and  In- 
dians during  which  a  party  of  eighty  Indians  at  Pavonia 
were  massacred  in  their  sleep,  l>y  Dutch  soldiers,  an  act 
which  greatly  excited  the  indignation  of  De  Vries,  who 
says  :  "This  was  a  featworthyof  the  heroes  of  old  Rome, 
to  massacre  a  parcel  of  Indians  in  their  sleep,  to  take 
children  from  the  breasts  of  their  mothers  and  to  butcher 
them  in  the  presence  of  their  parents,  or  throw  their 
mangled  limbs  into  the  tire  or  water!  Other  sucklings 
had  been  fastened  to  little  boards  and  in  this  position 
they  were  cut  to  pieces  !  Some  were  thrown  into  the; 
river  and  when  their  parents  rushed  in  to  save  them,  the 
soldiers  prevented  their  landing,  and  let  parents  and 
children  drown."  The  killing  of  Theunnisen  in  Shrews- 
bury Inlet  was  undoubtedly  an  act  of  retaliation  by  the 
Navesink  Indians  for  this  and  similar  acts. 

To  refer  again  to  the  Stout  tradition:  This  states 
that  after  the  six  families  had  lived  at  Middletown  five  or 
six  years,  they  were  compelled  to  leave  on  account  of 
troubles  between  Indians  and  whites.     This  time    corre- 


4  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

sponds  very  nearly  to  the  time  of  the  fearful  Indian  upris- 
ing in  New  York  in  1655.  The  Indians  then  massacred 
all  the  inhabitants  of  Pavonia,  now  included  in  Hudson 
County,  and  then  passed  over  to  Staten  Island  and  left  it 
without  an  inhabitant  or  a  house.  In  three  days  over 
a  hundred  Dutch  were  killed  and  a  hundred  and  fifty 
taken  prisoners,  and  property  to  the  amount  of  two 
hundred  thousand  florins  was  destroyed. 

In  August,  Uil)4:,  the  Dutch  at  New  York  surrendered 
to  the  English  expedition  under  Col.  Richard  Nicolls,  and 
by  September  3d  the  English  were  fairly  established  in 
the  fort,  and  from  that  time  New  Amsterdam  became 
known  as  New  York. 

The  Gravesend  people  then  made  another  and  a  suc- 
cessful effort  to  purchase  lands  of  the  Nevesink  In- 
dians for  the  purpose  of  establishing  a  settlement,  and 
shortly  after,  during  the  same  year,  made  two  other  pur- 
chases. The  abandoned  maize  or  cornfields  of  the  In- 
dians, referred  to  by  Tienhoven,  may  have  saved  the  set- 
tlers some  trouble  in  clearing  lands. 


HISTORY    OF 

NMOUTH  AND  ®GEAN  gOUNTIES. 


DISCOVERY  OF  MONMOUTH  COUNTY. 


ARRIVAL   OF    SIR    HENRY    HUDSON. 

Iii  the  year  1609,  Sir  Henry  Hudson  visited  our  coast 
in  the  yacht  or  ship  Half  Moon,  a  vessel  of  about  eighty 
tons  burthen.  About  the  last  of  August  he  entered  the 
Delaware  Bay,  but  finding  the  navigation  dangerous  he 
soon  left  without  going  ashore.  After  getting  out  to  sea 
he  stood  north-eastwardly  and  after  awhile  hauled  in  and 
made  the  land  probably  not  far  distant  from  Great  Egg 
Harbor.  The  journal  or  log  book  of  this  vessel  was  kept 
by  the  mate,  Alfred  Juet,  and  as  it  contains  the  first  no- 
tices of  Monmouth  county  by  the  whites,  remarks  about 
the  country,  its  inhabitants  and  productions,  first  land- 
ing, and  other  interesting  matter,  an  extract  is  herewith 
given,  commencing  with  'September  2d.  1609,  when  the 
Half  Moon  made  land  near  Egg  Harbor.  The  same  day, 
it  will  be  seen,  the  ship  passed  Barnegat  Inlet,  and  at 
night  anchored  near  the  beach  within  sight  of  the  High- 
lands. 

Their  first  impression  of  old  Monmouth,  it  will  be 
seen,  was  "that  it  is  a  vt  ry  good  l<in*l  t,,  fall  in  withy  and 
a  pleasant  land  to  set  :  "  an  opinion  which  in  the  minds  of 
our  people  at  the  present  day  shows  that  good  sense  and 
correct  judgment  were  not  lacking  in  Sir  Henry  Hudson 
and  his  fell*  >w  voyagers  ! 

Extract  from  the  Log-Book  of  the  Half  Moon. 

Sept.  2d,  1609. — When   the    sun    arose    we    steered 


6  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    A.ND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

north  again  and  saw  land  from  the  west  by  north'to  the 
north-west,  all  alike,  broken  islands,  and  our  soundings 
were  eleven  fathoms  and  tea  fathoms.  The  course  along 
the  land  we  found  to  be  north-east  by  north.  From  the 
land  which  we  first  had  sight  of  until  we  came  to 
a  great  lake  of  water,  as  we  could  judge  it  to  be,  i  Barm  - 
gat  Bat/,)  being  drowned  land  which  made  it  rise  like 
islands,  which  was  in  Length  ten  leagues.  The  mouth  of 
the  lake  (Bamegat  In'et)  had  many  shoals,  and  the  sea 
breaks  upon  them  as  it  is  cast  out  of  the  mouth  of  it. 
And  from  that  lake  or  bay  the  land  lies  north  by  east, 
and  we  had  a  great  stream  out  of  the  bay  ;  and  from 
thence  our  soundings  was  ten  fathoms  two  leagues  from 
land.  At  five  o'clock  we  anchored, being  light  wind,  and 
rode  in  eight  fathoms  water ;  the  night  was  fair.  This  night 
I  found  the  land  to  haul  the  compass  eight  degrees.  Far 
to  the  northward  of  us  we  saw  high  hills  {Highland  f)  ; 
for  the  day  before  we  found  not  above  two  degrees  of 
variation. 

This  is  a  very  good  land  to  fall  in  with  and  a  pleasant 
land  to  see. 

Sept.  3d. — The  morningmist'y  until  ten  o'clock;  then 
it  cleared  and  the  wind  came  to  the  south-southeast,  so 
we  weighed  and  stood  northward.  The  land  is  very 
pleasant  and  high  and  bold  to  fall  withal.  At  three 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon  Ave  came  to  three  great  rivers 
(Narrtws,  Rockaway  TnJetand  the  Raritan  )  ;  so  we  stood 
along  the  northward  {Rockaway  Inlet,)  thinking  to  have 
gone  in,  but  we  found  it  to  have  a  very  shoal  bar  before 
it  for  we  had  but  ten  feet  water.  Then  we  cast  about  to 
the  southward  and  found  two  fathoms,  three  fathoms 
and  three  and  a  quarter,  till  we  came  to  the  southern  side 
of  them  ;  then  we  had  five  and  six  fathoms  and  returned 

in  an  hour  and  a  half.     So  we  weighed   and   went  in  and 

* 

rode  in  rive  fathoms,  ooze  ground,  and  saw  many  salmons 
and  mullets  and  rays  very  great.  The  height  is  40  deg. 
30  min.    (Latitude.) 

First  landing  of  the   Whites  in  Old  McnMovth. 

Sept.  4th. — In  the  morning  as  soon  as  the  day  was 


DISCOVER"}    0]  >ii  ii    C01  \  l'\.  7 

light,  \\cs;i\\  thai  il  was  good  riding  farther  up ;  so  we 
scut  our  boat  to  sound,  and  found  thai  it  was  a  very  good 
harbor  and  four  or  five  fathoms,  two  cable  lengths  from 
the  shore.  Then  we  weighed  and  went  in  with  our  ship. 
Then  our  boat  went  on  land  with  our  aet  to  fish,  and 
caught  ten  greal  mullets  of  a  fool  ami  a  half  long,  a 
plaice  ami  a  ray  as  great  as  four  men  could  haul 
into  tin1  ship.  So  we  brimmed  our  boat  and  rode  still  all 
dav.  At  night  (he  wind  blew  hard  at  the  north-west,  and 
our  anchor  came  home,  and  we  drove  on  shore,  but  took 
no  hurt,  and  thank  God,  for  the  ground  is  soft  sand  and 
ooze.  This  dav  the  people  of  the  country  came  aboard 
of  us  and  sunned  very  glad  of  our  coming,  and  brought 
green  tobacco  leaves  and  gave  us  of  it  for  knives  and 
beads.  They  go  in  deer  skins,  loose  and  well  dressed. 
They  have  yellow  copper.  They  desire  clothes  and  are 
very  civil.  They  have  a  great  store  of  maize  or  Indian 
wheat,  whereof  they  make  good  bread.  The  country  is 
full  of  great  and  tall  oaks. 

Sept.  5th. — In  tin1  morning,  as  soon  as  the  dav  was 
light,  the  wind  ceased  and  the  flood  came.  So  we  heaved 
oil' the  ship  again  into  five  fathoms,  and  sent  our  boat  to 
sound  the  hay,  and  we  found  that  there  was  three 
fathoms  hard  by  the  southern  shore.  Our  men  went  on 
land  then  and  saw  a  great  store  of  men,  women  and  chil- 
dren, who  gave  the, a  tobacco  at  their  coming, on  land. 
So  they  went  up  into  the  woods  and  saw  a  great  store  of 
very  goodly  oaks  and  soma  currants,  (probably  hucMe* 
J)erriea)\  For  one  of  them  came  on  hoard  and  brought 
some  dried,  and  gave  me  some,  which  were  sweet  and 
good.  This  day  many  of  the  people  came  on  board,  some 
in  mantles  of  feathers,  and  seme  in  skins  of  divers  sorts 
of  good  furs.  Some  women  also  came  with  hemp.  They 
had  red  copper  tobacco  pipes,  and  other  things  of  copper 
they  did  wear  about  their  nacks.  At  night  they  went  on 
land  again,  so  we  rode  very  quiet  but  durst  not  trust 
them. 

Tl„  FirstWhili   Man  Killed. 

Sunday,  Sept.  6th. — In  the  morning  was  fair  weather, 


8  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

and  our  master  sent  John  Colin  an,  with,  four  other  men, 
in  our  boat  over  to  the  North  side  to  sound  the  other 
river  [Narrows),  being  four  leagues  from  us.  They  found 
by  the  way  shoal  water  being  two  fathoms ;  but  at  the 
north  of  the  river,  eighteen  and  twenty  fathoms,  and  very 
good  riding  for  ships,  and  a  very  narrow  river  to  the 
westward  between  two  islands  (Staten  Island  and  Bergen 
Point,)  the  land  they  told  us,  was  as  pleasant  with 
grass  and  flowers  and  goodly  trees  as  ever  they  had  seenf 
and  here  very  sweet  smell  came  from  them.  So  they 
went  in  two  leagues  and  saw  au  open  sea  [Newark  Bay. ) 
and  returned,  and  as  they  came  back  they  were  set  upon 
by  two  canoes,  the  one  having  twelve  men  and  the  other 
fourteen  men.  The  night  came  on  and  it  began  to  rain, 
so  that  their  match  went  out ;  and  they  had  one  man 
slain  in  the  light,  which  was  an  Englishman  named  John 
Colman,  with  an  arrow  shot  in  his  throat,  and  two  moi'e 
hurt.  It  grew  so  dark  that  they  could  not  rind  the  ship 
that  night,  but  labored  to  and  fro  on  their  oars.  They 
had  so  great  a  strain  that  their  grapnel  would  not  hold 
them. 

Sept.  7th. — Was  fair,  and  by  ten  o'clock  they  re- 
turned aboard  the  ship  and  brought  our  dead  man 
with  them,  whom  we  carried  on  land  and  buried  and 
named  the  point  after  his  name,  Column's  Point.  Then 
we  hoisted  in  our  boat  and  raised  her .  side  with  waist 
boards,  for  defence  of  our  men.  So  we  rode  still  all 
night,  having  good  regard  for  our  watch. 

Sept.  8th. — Was  very  fair  weather  ;  we  rode  still  very 
quietly.  The  people  came  aboard  of  us  and  brought  to^ 
bacco  and  Indian  wheat,  to  exchange  for  knives  and  beads 
and  offered  us  no  violence.  So  we  fitting  up  our  boat  did 
mark  them  to  see  if  they  would  make  any  show  of  the 
death  of  our  man,  which  they  did  not. 

Sept.  9th. — Fair  weather.  In  the  morning  two  great 
canoes  came  aboard  full  of  men;  the  one  with  their  bows 
and  arrows,  and  the  other  in  show  of  buying  knives,  to 
betray  us  ;  but  we  perceived  their  intent.  We  took  two 
of  them  to  have  kept  them,  and  put  red  coats  on  them, 


THE   WHITES    ENTERING    SANDTZ    BOOK.  9 

jiikI  would  not  suffer  the  others  to  tonic  near  us.  So 
they  went  on  land  and  two  others  came  aboard  in  a 
canoe;  we  took  the  one  and  let  the  other  go;  but  lie 
which  we  had  taken  got  up  and  leaped  overboard.     Then 

we  weighed  and  went  off  into  the  channel  of  the  river  and 

anchored  there  all  night. 

The  foregoing  is  all  of  the  log-book  of  Juet  that  re- 
lates to  Monmouth  county.  The  next  morning  the  Half 
Moon  proceeded  up  the  North  River,  and  on  her  return 
passed  out  to  sea  without  stopping. 

In  the  extract  given  above,  the  words  in  italics  are 
not  of  course  in  the  original,  but  are  underscored  as  ex- 
planatory. 

THE  WHITES  ENTERING  SANDY  HOOK. 


The  earliest  accounts  we  have  of  the  whites  being  in 
the  vicinity  of  Monmouth  county  is  contained  in  a  letter 
of  John  de  Yerazzano  to  Francis  1st,  King  of  France. 
Yerazzano  entered  Sandy  Hook  in  the  spring  of  152-1  in 
the  ship  Dolphin.  On  his  return  to  Europe,  he  wrote  a 
letter  dated  July  8th,  1524,  to  the  King,  giving  an  account 
of  his  voyage  from  Carolina  to  New  Fouudland.  From 
this  letter  is  extracted  the  following : 

"After  proceeding  a  hundred  leagues,  we  found  a 
very  pleasant  situation  among  some  steep  hills,  through 
which  a  very  large  river,  deep  at  its  mouth,  forces  its  way 
to  the  sea,  from  the  sea  to  the  estuary  of  the  river  any  ship 
heavily  laden  might  pass  with  the  help  of  the  tide,  which 
rises  eight  feet.  But  as  Ave  were  riding  at  good  berth  we 
would  not  venture  up  in  our  vessel  without  a  knowledge 
of  its  mouth ;  therefore  we  took  a  boat,  and  entering  the 
river  we  found  the  country  on  its  banks  well  peopled,  the 
inhabitants  not  differing  much  from  the  others,  being 
dressed  out  with  feathers  of  birds  of  various  colors." 

Historians  generally  concede  that  the  foregoing  is 
the  first  notice  we  have  of  the  whites  entering  Sandy 
Hook,  visiting  the  harbor  of  New  York  or  being  in  the 
vicinity  of  old  Monmouth. 


10  HISTOE1'    OF    .MONMOUTH    AND    0<  KAN    COUNTIES. 

The  first  deed  from  the  Indians  was  dated  ii~>tli  of 
1st  month,  1664  This  was  for  lands  at  Nevesink,  from 
the  Sachem  Popomora,  and  agreed  to  by  his  brother, 
Mishacoing,  to  James  Hubbard,  John  Bowne,  John  Til- 
ton,  Jr.,  Richard  Stout.  William  Goulding  and  Samuel 
Spicer.  The  articles  given  to  the  Indians  in  exchange 
for  the  land  Avert-  lis  fathoms  seawamp,  68  fathoms  of 
which  were  to  be  white  and  50  black  seawamp,  5  coats, 
1  gun,  1  clout  capp,  1  shirt,  12  11  is.  tobacco  and  1  anker 
win*-:  all  of  which  were  acknowledged  as  having  been 
received  :  and  in  addition  82  fathoms  of  seawamp  was  to 
be  paid  twelve  months  hence. 

Popomora  and  his  brother  went  over  to  New  York 
and  acknowledged  the  deed  before  Governor  Nicholls, 
April  7.  1665.  The  official  record  of  this  <1  sed  is  in  the 
office  of  Secretary  of  State  at  Albany,  X.  Y..  in  Lib.  3, 
page  1.  A  copy  of  it  is  also  recorded  in  Proprietor's  of- 
fice, Perth  Amboy,  as  is  also  a  map  of  the  land  em- 
braced in  the  purchase,  and  also  in  the  Secretary  of 
State's  office,  Trenton. 

Two  other  deeds  followed  and  were  similarly  re- 
corded, and  on  April  8th  the  Governor  signed  the  noted 
Monmouth  Patent.  This  instrument  gives  the  nami  - 
"the  rest  of  the  company."  referred  to  in  the  third  deed; 
they  were  Walter  Clarke,  William  Reape,  Nathaniel  Sil- 
vester, Obadiah  Holmes  and  Nicholas  Davis,  twelve  in 
all,  to  whom  the  patent  was  granted. 

One  of  the  conditions  of  the  Monmouth  Patent  was 
•'  that  the  said  Patentees  and  their  associates,  their  heirs 
or  assigns,  shall  within  the  space  of  three  years,  begin- 
ning from  the  day  of  the  date  hereof,  manure  and  plant 
the  aforesaid  land  and  premises  and  settle  there  one 
hundred  families  at  the  least. 

It  seemed  imposible  for  the  Gravesend  men  alone  to 
induce  that  number  of  families  to  settle  within  the  pre- 
scribed time,  but  they  had  warm  personal  friends  in 
Rhode  Island.  Sandwich,  Yarmouth  and  other  places  in 
Massachusetts,  in  Dover.  New  Hampshire,  and  also  in 
different  Rhode  Island  towns,  and  the  stipulation  was 
complied  with. 


\N     \\Ui;\T    PATENT.  11 

The  founders  of  fche  settlements  in  Monmouth  were 
not  only  honorable,  conscientious  men  in  their  deal- 
ings, bul  ako  exceedingly  careful  and  methodical  in  their 
business  transactions.  This  is  shown  by  the  very  com- 
plete account,  still  preserved  in  the  County  Clerk's  office 
;it  Freehold,  of  the  purchase  of  the  lands  of  the  Indians. 
the  amount  paid  and  to  whom,  and  also  the  names  of 
those  who  contributed  money  toward  paying  the  Indians 
and  for  incidental  expenses  ^n  making  the  different  pur- 
chases. 

Among  the  purchasers  were  a  number  who  had  been 
victims  of  persecution  for  their  religious  faith;  some  had 
felt  the  cruel  lash,  some  had  been  imprisoned  and  others 
had  been  compelled  to  pay  heavy  fines ;  others  had  had  near 
relatives  suffer  thus.  Among  those  who  had  suffered 
were  William  Shattock,  Edward  Wharton,  Samuel  Spicer 
and  Mrs.  Micall  Spicer,  his  mother,  Eliakim  Wardell  and 
wife,  Thomas  Clifton  and  daughter  Hope,  Nicholas  Davis, 
William  Reape,  John  Bowne  (the  Quaker  of  Flushing,) 
Robert  Story,  John  Jenkins,  John  and  George  Allen,  and 
Obadiah  Holmes.  And  a  number  of  others  named  among 
purchasers,  some  of  whom  did  not  settle  in  the  county, 
had  many  years  before  been  disarmed  and  banished  from 
Massachusetts  on  account  of  adherence  -to  Antinomian 
views. 

The  principal  reasons  that  caused  the  founding  of 
the  settlements  of  Monmouth  may  he  summed  up  in  the 
following  extracts : 

"This  is  a  very  good  land  to  fall  in  with  and  a 
pleasant  land  to  see." — Sir  Henry  Hucl&(ri&  Lcg-BooTc, 
1609. 

"  Free  Liberty  of  Conscience  without  any  molesta- 
tion or  disturbance  whatsoever  in  the  way  of  worship." 
— Monmouth.  Patent,  1665. 

AX  ANCIENT  PATENT. 


Shrewsbury  township  in  old  Monmouth  originally 
extended  to  the  extreme  southern  limit  of  the  present 
county  of  Ocean.     In  the  year  1749,  a  portion  of  the  lower 


12  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

part  of  Shrewsbury  was  set  off  and  formed  into  the  town- 
ship of  Stafford.  The  patent  creating  the  township  of 
Stafford  is  dated  March  3d,  17-19,  and  was  issued  in  the 
reign  of  George  the  Second,  and  is  signed  by  Governor 
Jonathan  Belcher,  who  was  governor  of  the  province  of 
New  Jersey  from  1757  to  1767.  As  this  patent  is  the  first 
public  official  document  relating  exclusively  to  the  pres- 
ent count}7  of  Ocean,  it  is  a  matter  of  gratification  to  know 
that  it  is  still  in  existence  and  in  a  good  state  of  preser- 
vation. It  is  on  parchment  with  the  great  seal  of  the 
province  attached,  the  impression  of  which  still  shows  to 
good  advantage. 

On  the  back  of  the  patent  it  is  endorsed  by  Register 
Bead  as  having  been  recorded  in  the  Secretary's  office  at 
Burlington. 

It  sounds  oddly  at  the  present  day  to  read  such  high 
sounding  titles  as  are  found  on  the  patent :  "  George  2d, 
King  of  Great  Britain,  France,  Ireland,  Defender  of  the 
Faith,"  &c,  "  grants  of  his  especial  grace,  certain  knowl- 
edge, and  met  r  motion,"  Arc.  And  what  weighty  titles  has 
Governor  Belcher!  "Captain-General,  and  Governor-in- 
Chief,  Chancellor,  Vice  Admiral,"  &c. 

This  patent  will  be  deposited  in  the  office  of  the 
County  Clerk  of  Ocean  County. 

THE  FOUNDERS  OF  MONMOUTH. 


WHO   THEY  WELE  AND  FROM  WHENCE  THEY  CAME. 

"Inquire,  I  pray  thee,  of  the  former  age,  and  prepare  thyself  to  the 
search  of  the  fathers." —  Job  viii-S. 

If  the  people  of  any  section  of  this  great  country 
have  reason  to  be  proud  of  their  ancestry,  the  people  of 
Monmouth  most  assuredly  have.  New  Englanders  never 
tire  of  boasting  of  the  Pilgrim  fathers,  but  a  noted  writer 
of  history  in  an  adjoining  state,  more  than  half  a  century 
ago,  has  said  that  "East  Jersey  was  settled  by  the  best 
blood  of  New  England."  {I.  F.  Watrcus  in  Annuls  of 
Philadel],  Ma.)  The  Pilgrim  Fathers,  the  New  England- 
ers now  take  pleasure  in  telling  us,  were  not  all  Puritans 
of  the  straight-laced,  persecitting  order,  but  that  a  large 


A   WOMAN,   OF  COUBSE.  13 

proportion  had  respect  for  persons  who  conscientiously 
differed  from  them  in  religious  opinion.  And  of  this  class 
of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers  we  find  were  the  principal  men 
who  founded  the  settlement  in  Monmouth. 

The  first  opinion  left  on  record  of  the  section  of 
country  now  known  as  Monmouth  is  that  which  was  re- 
corded in  the  log-book  of  the  ship  Half  Moon,  Sir  Henry 
Hudson,  commander.  On  the  night  of  the  2d  of  Septem- 
ber, 1009,  he  anchored  along  the  beach  not  far  from  Long 
Branch,  with  the  Highlands  of  Nevisink  in  sight,  and  his 
mate  recorded  the  following  in  the  log-book: 

"  This  is  a  very  good  land  to  fall  in  with  and  a  pleas- 
ant land  to  see." 

Every  good  citizen  of  the  county,  it  is  safe  to  say. 
will  cordially  endorse  that  opinion  at  the  present  day  ! 

A  WOMAN,  OF  COUESE  ! 


To  a  woman,  it  may  be  said,  should  the  credit  be 
given  of  being  the  cause  of  the  earliest  efforts  by  whites 
to  settle  in  Monmouth.  Penelope  Stout,  whose  remark- 
able history  is  too  well  known  to  repeat  here,  during  her 
captivity  among  the  Indians*  had  made  friends  with 
them,  and  after  she  had  reached  New  Amsterdam  and 
had  married  Richard  Stout,  she  induced  her  husband 
occasionally  to  sail  across  the  bay  to  visit  her  pre- 
server and  other  Indian  friends,  and  it  is  reasonable 
to  presume  that  on  these  trips  they  were  sometimes 
accompanied  by  white  friends.  These  visits  so  well 
satisfied  Richard  Stout  and  his  Dutch  friends  that  "  this 
was  a  good  land  to  fall  in  with,"  that  about  16-48,  him' 
self  and  four  or  five  other  heads  of  families  settled 
where  Middletown  now  is.  But  they  remained  here  only 
a  few  years,  as  they  were  compelled  to  leave  on  account 
of  a  war  breaking  out  between  the  Dutch  and  Indians. 
In  1663  some  Gravesend  men  attempted  to  make  ar- 
rangements with  the  Indians  of  Monmouth  for  settling, 
but  they  were  warned  off  by  the  Dutch,  but  the  year 
after,  the  English  took  possession  of  Xew  York  and  the 
Gravesend  men  renewed  the  attempt. 


14  BISTOBl    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

A  MEMORABLE  SCENE. 


From  what    has  been  left  on    record   it  would  seem 

that  III  the  ball  of  the  old  Stadt  House  in  New  York,  one 
day  two  hundred  and  twenty  years  ago,  there  was  an  as- 
semblage of  men  whose  meeting  was  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant events  connected  with  founding  the  settlements 
in  what  is  now  Monmouth  County.  It  must  have  been  a 
scene  well  worthy  the  efforts  of  the  painter,  both  for  the 
importance. of  the  object  and  principles  these  men  had 
met  to  decide  upon  and  for  the  striking  contrasts  in  the 
appearance  of  the  different  parties  present.  The  leading 
person  in  this  meeting  was  the  new  British  governor  of 
New  York,  Colonel  Nicholls,  who  we  may  presume  was 
attended  by  his  staff",  and  arrayed  in  the  uniform  of  the 
British  officer  of  his  time.  Then  there  were  men  in  broad 
brimmed  hats,  knee  breeches  and  shad-bellied  coats, giving 
evidence  of  their  Quaker  faith.  Some  few  were  probably 
dressed  in  the  then  usual  style  of  the  Dutch  citizen  of  New 
Amsterdam,  a  style  so  graphicallv described  by  Diedrick 
Knickerbocker  in  Iris  history  of  New  York.  Others  in- 
terested in  the  proceedings  were  probably  in  the  usual 
fashion  of  the  Pilgrim  fathers  of  that  da  v.  But  most 
striking  of  all  was  the  appearance  of  a  number  of  Indian 
chiefs,  the  sachems  of  the  section  now  known  as  Mon- 
mouth county.  Some  of  these  had  probably  so  far  adopted 
the  fashion  of  the  whites  as  to  wear  coats  -the  coarse, 
loose  woolen  "match  coat,'1  to  which  the  Indians  took  a 
fancy,  but  it  was  many  years  before  they  took  to  panta- 
loons ;  "  Indian's  legs  stand  cold  like  white  man's  face,*' 
said  one  of  them.  AYhen  these. Indians  appeared  before 
Colonel  Nicholls  in  1665,  no  white  men  lived  in  Monmouth, 
but  certain  residents  of  Gravesend.  Long  Island,  had 
visited  it  and  found  it  "a  good  land  to  fall  in  with"  and 
a  desirable  land  to  settle  upon.  They  had  interviewed 
the  Indians  and  secured  their  friendship  and  made  treat- 
ies which  were  signed  by  the  sachems,  and  they  had 
paid  them  to  their  full  satisfaction  for  their  land.  But 
before  taking  possession  or  commencing  settlements,  they 


A    MEMOltABLE    RCENE.  I   i 

desired  also  to  obtain  a  t'A\e  From  the  representative  of 
the  British  crown,  So  these  conscientious  men  had 
sailed  Erom  Gravesend  across  to  the  shores  of  Monmouth 
and  gathered  together  the  sachems  and  toot  them  in 
their  vessel  across  the  bay,  and  up  to  New  Xork,  and 
tin 'ii  to  the  State  House  to  call  on  the  Governor.  Colonel 
Nicholls  was  already  aware  that  these  Gravesend  men 
wished  to  obtain  a  patent  for  the  land,  but  the  obje 
this  assembly  was  t<>  have  the  Governor  receive  the 
persona]  assurances  of  the  sachems  themselves  that  their 
land  had  been  paid  for  to  their  full  si  ion,  and  that. 

they  desired  these  men  to  settle  on  it.  The  governor  at 
this  meeting  receiving  from  the  (dial's  themselves  these 
assurances,  decided  to  granl  the  patenl  ;  but  the  Graves- 
end men' wished  that  this  instrument  should  not  only 
show  that  the  lauds  had  been  honorably  purchased  of 
the  Indians,  but  they  also  insisted  that  in  it  should  be 
put  a  pledge  of  unrestricted  religious  toleration  for  set- 
tlers under  ,t.  The  result  was  the  issuing  the  c<  |  sbrated 
document  known  as  the  Monmouth  Patent,  with  its 
declaration  that  the  land  ha<l  been  honorably  purchased 
of  the  Indians,  and  with  it  its  guarantee  of  unrestricted 
religious  toleration.  This  patent  was  recorded  in  the 
office  of  the  Recorder  of  New  York,  November  8th, 
1665;  it  was  also  the  first  instrument  recorded  in  the 
archives  of  the  State  at  Trenton  and  in  the  County 
records  at  Freehold. 

Some  seventeen  years  later,  William  Penn  made  his 
celebrated  treaty  with  the  Indians,  and  how  his  praises 
have  been  sounded  for  paying  them  for  their  land!  Our 
Monmouth  ancestors  had  done  the  same  thing  without 
boast  or  assumption  of  superior  justice  long  before  Wil- 
liam Penn  came  to  America  or  had  even  turned  Quaker. 
The  year  that  the  Indian  sachems  of  Monmouth  ap- 
peared before  Governor  Nicholls  was  the  same  year  that 
William  Penn,  armed  and  equipped  as  a  soldier,  took 
part  in  the  siege  of  a  town  in  Ireland.  The  fact  of  Penn's 
making  a  treaty  with  the  Indians  and  paying  them  for 
their  land  has  been  thought  so  remarkable  that  pictures 


16  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

of  tlie  scene  may  be  found  in  books  in  every  school  in 
the  land  ;  Imt  that  scene  in  New  York  when  the  sachems 
pointed  to  the  founders  of  Monmouth,  saying  in  sub- 
stance,  "These  men  have  paid  us  for  our  land — give  them 
a  patent,"  has  a  prior  right  to  be  commemorated. 

THE    FIRST    ENGLISH    SETTLER    OF    NEW 
JERSEY. 


In  the  efforts  to  treat  with  the  Indians  for  their  land, 
we  may  feel  assured  that  Richard  Stout,  the  first  English 
settler  of  New  Jersey,  was  the  principal  agent.  An  En- 
glishman by  birth,  he  had  lived  so  long  among  the  Dutch, 
and  with  a  Dutch  wife,  that  he  was  familiar  with  their 
language,  which  must  have  been  also  familiar  to  his  chil- 
dren in  their  early  years.  And  several  years'  residence 
among  the  Indians  must  have  made  him  acquainted  with 
their  language,  also.  From  their  acquaintance  with  him 
a'nd  knowledge  of  his  fair  dealings,  the  Indians  no  doubt 
had  formed  a  favorable  opinion  of  his  associates.  When 
Gravesend  was  settled  about  16-15,  Richard  Stout  was 
one  of  the  thirty-nine  original  settlers.  The  consent  of 
the  Indians  having  been  obtained  and  the  patent  granted, 
the  next  step  on  the  part  of  the  patentees  was  to  secure 
the  one  hundred  settlers  within  the  three  years,  as  re- 
quired by  the  patent.  This  necessitated  energetic  efforts 
on  the  part  of  the  projectors.  Of  course  the  Gravesend 
men  did  what  they  could,  but  they  had  a  small  field  to 
work  in,  but  they  received  most  effective  help  from  New- 
port, Rhode  Island. 

THE  TWELVE  PATENTEES. 


It  would  naturally  be  supposed  that  the  twelve  men 
named  in  the  Monmouth  patent  would  be  among  the 
actual  settlers,  but  the  fact  is,  only  four  of  them  settled 
here,  viz :  Richard  Stout,  James  Grover,  John  Bowne 
and  Richard  Gibbons.  Many  years  after,  it  is  supposed, 
James  Hubbard  came  in  his  old  age.  William  Gouldiug, 
Samuel  Spicer,  Sr.,  and  John  Tilton  remained  at  Graves- 


THE    KHODK    ISLAND    MONMOUTH    ASSOCIATION.  17 

end.  Nathaniel  Sylvester  remained  ;it  his  home  at  Shelter 
Island,  at  east  end  of  Long  Island.  Obadiah  Eolmes 
ami  Walter  Clarke  remained  in  Rhode  Island.  Nicholas 
Davis,  of  Newport,  li.  I.,  was  drowned  about  L672.  Wil- 
liain  Eleape,  an  active,  energetic  promoter  of  tin-  settle- 
ment, was  a  young  Quaker  merchant  of  Newport,  who 
died  1670;  his  widow.  Sarah  Beape,  came  to  Monmouth 
and  Inn-  only  son,  William,  lived  with  her,  lmt  was  insane 
from  early  manhood.  Members  of  the  families  of 
most  of  the  patentees,  however,  came  here,  and  of  course, 
all  are  entitled  to  honor  for  efforts  to  aid  in  establishing 
the  settlement  of  the  county. 

THE    EHODE   ISLAND   MONMOUTH   ASSOCIA- 
TION. 


While  the  Gravesend  men  seem  to  have  initiated  the 
movement,  yet  residents  of  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  were 
considerably  in  the  majority  in  making  the  movement 
successful,  by  furnishing  the  greater  part  of  the  money 
to  pay  the  Indians  for  their  land,  and  in  inducing  persons 
to  settle  qn  it.  It  is  very  evident  that  there  was  quite 
an  intimate  intercourse  between  the  English  residents  of 
Gravesend  and  the  citizens  of  Newport,  and  in  some 
eases  families  of   these  places  were  nearly  related. 

At  Newport  an  association  or  "company  of  purchas- 
ers" was  formed  to  aid  the  settlement  of  Monmouth,  of 
which  Walter  Clarke,  subsequently  governor  of  that 
colony,  was  secretary,  and  of  which  William  Keape  was 
probably  the  most  effective  member.  Peape's  business 
as  a  merchant  caused  him  to  travel  much  on  Long  Island 
and  to  various  towns  in  Massachusetts,  which  gave  him 
opportunities  to  enlist  recruits  for  the  project,  and  he 
was  such  a  zealous  Quaker  that  he  was  arrested  in 
Plymouth  Colony  by  the  Puritans,  and  on  Long  Island 
by  the  Dutch  for  traveling  with  Quaker  preachers. 

It  seems  difficult  to  account  for  the  substantial  as- 
sistance given  to  the  effort  to  secure  the  one  hundred  men 
within  the  required  time,  by  men  at  Sandwich.  Yarmouth, 
Salem  and  other  towns  in  Massachusetts,  except  on  the 


18  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

theory  that  William  Reape,  the  busy,  energetic  young 
Quaker,  m  his  travels  enlisted  them  in  the  cause. 

Most  of  the  Rhode  Island  and  Long  Island  men  who 
aided  In  settling  Monmouth  had  previously  lived  in  Mas- 
sachusetts, and  a  number  were  of  English  birth. 

Several  years  ago  the  Proceedings  of  the  Bi-Cen- 
tennial  Celebration  of  the  New  Jersey  Legislature 
were  published  by  the  State,  and  in  the  Appendix  the 
writer  gave  a  list  of  first  settlers  of  Monmouth,  with  the 
places  from  which  each  came  as  far  as  then  ascertained. 
This  list  was  substantially  copied  in  the  recent  history 
of  Monmouth  county,  but  it  was  incomplete,  and  the 
compiler  of  that  history  added  a  few  items,  some  of  which 
need  correction. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  some  of  the  names,  alpha- 
betically arranged,  of  the  p3r3ons  who  contributed  tow- 
ard buying  the  land  in  Monmouth  of  the  Indians  and 
for  incidental  expenses  in  treating  with  them,  and  also 
the  amount  paid  by  each: 

£    x.     </. 

Christopher  Allmey  of  it.  I. 4 

*Job  Allmey,  "      *     .  4 

John  Allen  and  Robert  Taylor,  II.  1 3 

Steven  Arnold,  "     3 

John  Bowne,  of  <  i-ravesend,  L.  I 4 

*John  Bowne,  of  Flushing,  L.  1 3 

James  Bowne,  L.  I. 1     14     6 

William  Bowne,  L.  1   1     06     8 

Gerrard  Bourne,  1!.  1 -4    In 

Richard  Bordan,  R.  I 11     10 

Benjamin  Borden  and  George  Mount 6 

Nicholas  Browne.  It.  I 4 

*Francis  Brinley,  It   1 3    10 

*Hemy  Bull,  It.  1 3 

John  Conklin,  L   1 0     15 

♦Walter  Clarke,  R.  1 3 

Robert  Carr,  R.  I   3 

*Robert  Carr  and  Walter  <  'Luke,  R.  1 1 

*John  ( 'oggeshall 3 

*Joshua  Coggeshall  and  Daniel  Gould,  It,  1 3     10 

*Wm.  Coddington,  It.  I 3 

Thomas  Clifton,  R.  1 3     10 

Jiiliii  ( looke,  R.  I 3 

<  reorge  ( 'hutte,  R.  I  :* 


THE    RHODE    ls[.\M>    MONMOUTH    ASSOCIATION.  l'.l 

6    a.    d. 

Thomas  Cox,  L.  I 3    lit 

Joseph  Colt -li inn :s 

•Nicholas  1  >avis,  R.  I s 

Roger  EUis  and  Son,  Mass. 6 

"Peter  Ebsoii  i  Easton,)  R.  I 3 

James  <  rrover,  L.  I 4 

Richard  Gibbons,  L.  1 4 

►Zachary  Gauntt,  li.  I : 1     10 

William  Goulding.  L.  1 4 

•Ralph  Goldsmith,    "    3    10 

♦Daniel  Gould  (sue  J.  Coggeshall,)  R.  1 3 

Samuel  Holliman  (Holman) 3 

J(  >hn  Horabin 2      1    8 

Obadiah  Holmes,  R.  I 4 

J<  mathan  Holmes,  R.  I 3 

Tobias  Handson,  (R.  I  ?) 4 

John  Hnnce  (Wales?) 4 

•William  James,  11.  I 1      5 

•John  Jenkins,  Mass. 3 

John  Jenkins  and  Win.  Shadduck,  Mass 2 

Edmund  Lafetra  (Huguenot?) 3     10 

Henry  Ldppitt,  K.  1 4 

Richard  Lippencott,  L.  I    16     10 

•Thomas  Moor,  L.  I 1     13    4 

Francis  Masters,  (N.  Y.  ?)     3     10 

George  Mount  ( see  B.  Burdan )   

Thomas  Potter,  R.  1 4 

Edward  Pattison,  Mass   4 

John  Ruckman,  L.  I 4 

Richard  Piichardson 4 

Samuel  Spicer,  L.  I 4 

Richard  Stout,     " 4 

*Nath'l  Sylvester,  L.I 6 

Thomas  Shaddock,  (Mass  ?> 3 

Wm.  Shaddock  and  Geo.  Webb,  Mass 1 

William  Shaddock  (see  J.  Jenkins) 

Edward  Smith,  R.  1 3 

Robert  Story,  N.  Y.  City 9 

Wm.  Shaberly,  Barbadoes 4 

Richard  Sussell,  R.  I » 4     10 

John  Tilton,  L.  I 4 

*  John  Throckmorton,  R.  1 1       6     8 

John  Townsend,  L.  I 4 

*Edward  Thurston,  R.  I    3 

Nathan  Tomkins,  R.  1 4 

Edward  Tartt,  (Mass?) 3     17     6 

Robert  Taylor  (see  J.  Allen,)  R.  I 

Emanuel  Woolley,  R.I 3 


20 


HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 


£    s.    d. 

Thos.  Winterton,  K.I 3 

♦Edward  Wharton,  Mass 3 

Eliakhu  Warden,       "     4 

Geo.  Webb  (see  Win.  Shaddock,  Mass . ) 

Thomas  Whitlock,  L.  I 3 '  17     6 

Bartholomew  West,  E.  I 4 

Eobert  West,  E.  1 4 

Walter  Wall,  L.I : 4 

John  Wall,        "     3     10 

John  Wilson, 4 

John  Wood,  R  I 4     10 

In  addition  to  the  above  named  the  following  per- 
sons were  also  purchasers  or  settlers,  probably  before 
the  expiration  of  the  three  years'  limit  in  the  Patent : 

James  Ashton,  B.  I.  Bartholoman  Lippencott,  L.  I. 

Joseph  Bryce.  William  Layton,  E.  I. 

John  Bird,  Wm.  Lawrence,  L.  I. 

Abraham  Brown,  (R  I. '?)  James  Leonard,  Mass. 

Wm.  Cheesman,  L.  I.  Lewis  Mattox,  E.  I. 

Wm.  Compton,        "  Wm.  Newman,  (Mass?) 

Jacob  Cole.  Joseph  Parker,  E.  I. 

Benj.  Deuell,  E.  I.  Peter  Parker, 

Thomas  Dungan,  E.  I.  Anthony  Page. 

Daniel  Estell,  L.  I.  Henry  Percy,  E.  I. 

Gideon  Freeborn,  E.  I.  William  Eogers. 

William  Gifford,  Mass.  William  Eeape,  E.  I. 

James  Grover,  Jr.,  L.  I.  John  Slocuni,  E.  I. 

Thomas  Hart,  E.  I.  Samuel  Shaddock,  Mass. 

John  Hall,  E.  I.  Wm.  Shearman,  E.  I. 

Eobt.  Hazard,  (E.  I.  ?)  John  Smith,  (E.  I.?) 

James  Heard,  (Mass  ?)  John  Stout,  L .  I. 

Eandall  Huet,  Sr.,  N.  Y.  Eichard  Sadler. 

John  Hawes,  Barth.  Sharuquesque. 

Eandall  Huet,  Jr.,  N.  Y.  John  Tomson,  Mass. 

Joseph  Huet,  "  Job  Throckmorton,  E.  I. 

George  Hulett,  (E.  I.  ?)  Peter  Tilton,  L.  I. 

John  Havens,  E.  I.  Thos.  Wansick. 

John  Jobs.  Eobt.  West,  Jr.,  E.  I. 

Eobert  Jones,  N.  Y.  Thos.  Wright. 

Gabriel  Kirk.  Marmaduke  Ward,  E.  I. 

John  Jenkins,  of  Sandwich,  Mass.,  sold  his  share  of 
land  July  6th,  1070,   to  George  Allen,  a  noted  Quaker  of 

The  persons  marked  with  an  asterisk  (  *  )  did  not  settle  in  the  County, 
and  most  of  them  transferred  their  claims  to  others.  A  tew  who  were  quite 
prominent  in  the  first  settlement  of  the  county  eventually  went  back  to 
Ehode  Island,  among  whom  were  Steven  Arnold,  Jonathan  Holmes 
but  Christopher  Alliney. 


THE   RHODE    ISLAND    MONMOUTH    i^SOOIATION.  21 

Sandwich,  some  of   whose  descendants   came  to  Mon- 
mouth. 

Daniel  Gould  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  and  Joshua  Gogges- 
hall  of  Portsmouth,  R.  L,  also  sold  shares  to  George 
Allen,  July  7th,  1670. 

"Walter  Clarke  also  sold  a  share  to  George  Allen, 
September  1st,  1672. 

Thomas  Moore,  who  was  a  prominent  citizen  of 
Southold,  L.  L,  sold  his  share  to  Capt.  Christopher 
Allmey,  August  24,  1(574. 

Robert  Story,  who  was  the  leading  Quaker  in  New 
Y<  >rk  City,  sold  his  share  to  John  Jay  of  Barbadoes,  W.  I. 

"William  Shaberly,  also  of  Barbadoes,  sold  his  share 
to  John  Jay. 

Robert  Carr  of  Rhode  Island,  sold  his  share  to  Giles 
Slocum  of  Portsmouth,  who  conveyed  the  same  to  his 
son,  Captain  John  Slocum,  November  22,  1672. 

Zachary  Gauntt  sold  his  share  to  his  brother,  An- 
nanias,  in  1668. 

"William  Goulding  of  Long  Island,  sold  his  share  to 
Richard  Hartshorne. 

Samuel  Borden  of  Portsmouth,  R.  I.,  sold  his  share, 
1671,  to  Lawis  Mattox  of  the  same  place. 

Governor,  William  Coddington,  was  said  to  be  the 
■wealthiest  man  in  Rhode  Island ;  the  writer  has  found 
no  record  of  his  transferring  his  share,  but  thinks  it  possi- 
ble that  George  Hulett,  an  original  settler,  may  have 
occupied  it,  as  a  person  of  that  name  was  in  Governor 
Coddington's  employ,  1661,  and  previously,  and  the  name 
disappears  in  Rhode  Island  after  1664. 

Job  Allmey.  This  name  is  now  generally  given  as 
Almy.  Job  and  his  brother,  Christopher,  both  paid  for 
shares  of  land  in  the  original  purchase  of  lands  from  the 
Indians.  They  were  sons  of  William  Almy,  who  it  is 
supposed  came  over  with  Governor  Winthrop  to  Massa- 
chusetts about  1631,  and  returned  to  England  for  his 
family,  1635.  He  located  first  at  Lynn,  Mass.,  next  at 
Sandwich,  and  in  1644  settled  at  Portsmouth,  a  town  in 
close  proximity  to  Newport,  R.  I.     William  Almy  was 


22  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

born  about  1601  and  died  1676.  He  is  said  to  have  been 
a  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends.  His  son,  Christo- 
pher, avIio  came  to  Monmouth,  was  born  in  England 
about  1(532,  and  died  January  30,  1713.  Job  Almy  was 
probably  born  in  Massachusetts,  and  he  died  in  the 
Spring  of  1(584  at  Portsmouth,  11.  I.  He  married  Mary 
Unthank  of  Warwick,  R.  L,  and  left  several  children.  He 
held  several  honorable  positions  in  the  colony  of  Rhode 
Island — was  deputy  in  the  Colonial  Assembly,  1670-2, 
Governor's  assistant,  1673,  etc. 

Francis  Brinley.  This  gentleman  was  a  Governor's 
assistant  and  leading  judge  in  Rhode  Island.  He  was  a 
son  of  Thomas  Brinley,  who  was  auditor  of  revenues  of 
Charles  1st  and  2d.  A  sister  of  Francis  Brinley  married 
Nathaniel  Sylvester,  one  of  the  Monmouth  patentees. 
A  descendant  of  the  Brinley  family,  named  Edward,  mar- 
ried Janet  Parker  of  the  Amboy  Parker  family,  and  one 
of  their  children  was  the  well  remembered  surveyor  gen- 
eral of  East  Jersey,  Francis  W.  Brinley. 

Henry  Bull.  This  honest,  indomitable  old  Quaker, 
one  of  the  active  friends  of  the  settlement  of  Monmouth, 
was  Governor  of  Rhode  Island,  1685-90,  and  died  1691, 
at  an  advanced  age.  Before  settling  in  Rhode  Island  he 
had  been  a  victim  or  Puritan  persecution  in  Massachu- 
setts. His  history  and  the  genealogy  of  his  descendants 
have  been  quite  well  preserved. 

Robert  Carr  was  of  Newport,  R.  L,  and  brother  of 
Caleb,  who  was  Governor,  1625.  These  two  were  proba- 
bly the  Robert  Carr,  aged  21,  and  the  Caleb,  aged  11 
years,  who  came  to  America  in  the  ship  Elizabeth  and 
Ann,  1635.  They  are  both  named  as  freemen  at  New- 
port, 1655,  and  Robert  is  named  there,  1687.  He  sold 
his  share  of  land  in  Monmouth  to  Giles  Slocum  in  1672, 
who  conveyed  the  same  to  his  son,  Capt.  John  Slocum, 
who  settled  in  Monmouth. 

Thomas  Clifton  was  an  original  settler  of  Rehobith, 
Mass.,  1643,  and  subsequently  became  a  Quaker.  On 
account  of  being  persecuted  for  his  faith  he  went  to 
Rhode  Island,  where  he  lived  when  he  paid  for  a  share 


THE    RHODE    ISLAND    MONMOUTH    ASSOCIATION.  23 

of  land  in  Monmouth.  His  daughter,  Eope  Clifton,  was 
also  a  victim  of  Quaker  persecution.     He  was  a  deputy 

in  the  R.  I.  colonial  assembly,  1675. 

William  Coddington.  This  is  another  honored 
Rhode  Island  name.  He  was  about  the  wealthiest  of 
the   original   settlers  of  Rhode    Island,    was  Governor, 

L668,  1674-6,  and  died,  1678.  His  name  is  one  of  the 
most  prominent  in  the  early  history  of  that  colony.  He 
did  come  to  Monmouth.  He  had  in  1664  a  man  named 
George  Hulate  in  his  employ,  whose  name  disappears 
after  that  date  in  R.  I.,  and  then  as  the  same  name  ap- 
pears  among  original  settlers  of  Monmouth,  it  may  be 
that  George  Hulate  settlad  on  Governor  Coddington's 
share  of  land. 

Nicholas  Davis  was  one  of  the  twelve  patentees,  and 
also  paid  for  a  share  of  land.  He  was  born  in  England, 
was  a  freeman  at  Barnstable,  1643,  became  a  Quaker,  and 
being  subjected  to  persecution,  settled  in  Rhode  Island 
and  was  admitted  freeman  at  Newport,  1671.  He  was 
drowned  in  1672.  His  widow,  Sarah,  was  in  Monmouth 
for  a  time. 

Thomas  Dungan  was  a  prominent  Baptist  preacher, 
and  in  1678  was  a  deputy  from  East  Greenwich  in  the 
R.  I.  colonial  assembly.  It  is  possible  that  he  visited 
Monmouth  as  preacher.  In  1681  he  left  Rhode  Island 
and  settled  at  Cold  Run,  Bucks  County,  Pa.,  where  he 
died,  1688. 

Roger  Ellis  and  son  are  named  as  paying  for  shares 
of  land.  Roger  Ellis  was  an  early  settler  at  Yarmouth, 
Mass.  ;  he  married  Jane  Lisham  and  his  son,  John,  was 
born  December  1,  1648.  His  name  is  sometimes  given 
in  records  of  Plymouth  colony  as  Else. 

Henry  Bull  of  R.  L,  was  prominent  in  forwarding  the 
settlement  in  Monmouth  by  getting  persons  to  aid  in 
purchasing  the  land  of  Indians  and  inducing  settlers  to 
locate  there.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Rhode  Island 
"company  of  purchasers,"  of  which  Walter  Clarke  was 
secretary. 

Robert    Carr   of   R.  L,  paid    for  a  share  of   land  in 


24  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Monmouth,  which  lie  sold  to  Giles  Slocuni,  who  deeded 
the  same  to  his  son,  John  Slocuni,  who  settled  on  it. 

William  Chadwick  and  Thomas  Chadwick  settled  in 
Monmouth  among  original  settlers.  They  are  supposed 
to  have  come  from  R.  I.  The  name  is  so  often  misspelled 
as  Shaddock  and  Shattock,  that  in  some  cases  it  is  diffi- 
cult to  distinguish  the  family  from  that  of  William  Shat- 
tock, the  noted  Quaker,  who  was  persecuted  iu  Massa- 
chusetts, who  also  came  to  Monmouth,  and  about  a 
dozen  years  later,  moved  into  Burlington  County,  X.  J. 
He  was  a  Quaker  of  the  primitive  stripe  and  a  personal 
friend  of  George  Fox.  His  Quaker  non-resistent  views 
seriously  interfered  with  his  duties  as  Governor  to  exert 
his  position  to  have  soldiers  enlisted  and  armed  to  defend 
the  colonists  from  the  fearful  attacks  of  the  Indians  in 
the  time  of  King  Philip.  In  some  of  the  emergencies 
some  subordinate  took  military  matters  in  hand.  ^  hile 
his  first  act  as  Governor,  in  May,  1676,  was  to  issue  a 
commission  to  Capt.  Arthur  Fenner  as  "Chief  Com- 
mander of  the  Kings  Garrison  at  Providence,"  which 
was  established  in  view  of  Indian  troubles,  which  does 
not  appear  to  be  in  accordance  with  Quaker  principles, 
yet  William  Edmundson,  the  celebrated  Quaker,  says  in 
his  journal  that  he  could  not  give  his  consent  to  kill  and 
destroy  men  in  the  Indian  wars  at  that  time.  Governor 
Walter  Clarke  occupies  a  very  important  and  memorable 
pag*e  in  Rhode  Island  history.     He  died  in  1714. 

THE   MONMOUTH   PATENT. 


THE  DATE  OF  THE  SECOND  INDIAN  PURCHASE  WAS  APRIL  7. 
1665;  THE  FOLLoWIXO  DAY,  GOVERNOB  NICOLLS  GRANTED 
THE  NOTED  MONMOUTH  PATENT  WHICH  WAS  AS  FOLLOWS  : 

"To  all  whom  these  presents  shall  come  :  I  Richard 

Nicolls  Esq.,  Governor  under  his  Royal  Highness  the 
Duke  of  York  of  all  his  Territories  in  America  send  greet- 
ing. 

"Whereas  there  is  a  certain  tract  or  parcel  of  land 
within  this  government,  lying  and  being  near  Sandy 
Point,  upon  the  Main:  which  said  parcel  of  land  hath 


THE    MONMOUTH    PATENT.  25 

bees  with  my  consent  and  approbation  bought  1>\-  some 
of  the  inhabitants  of  Gravesend  apon  Long  Island  of  tlie 
Sachems  (chief  proprietors  thereof)  who  before  me  have 
acknowledged  to  bave  received  satisfaction  for  the  same, 
to  the  end  that  the  said  land  may  be  planted,  manured 
and  inhabited,  and  for  divers  other  good  causes  and  con- 
siderations, I  have  thought  tit  to  give,  confirm  and  grant, 
and  by  these  presents  do  give  confirm  and  grant  unto 
William  Goulding,  Samuel  Spiceb,  Richard  Gibbons, 
Ricbabd  Stout,  James  Grover,  John  Bown,  John  Ttlton, 
Nathaniel  Sylvester,  William  Reape,  Walteb  Clarke, 
Nicholas  Davis,  Obadiah  Holmes,  patentees,  and  their 
associates,  their  heirs,  successors  and  assigns,  all  that 
tract  and  part  of  the  main  land,  beginning  at  a  certain 
place  commonly  called  or  known  by  the  name  of  Sandy 
Point  and  so  running  along  the  bay  West  North  West, 
till  it  comes  to  the  mouth  of  the  Raritan  River,  from 
thence  going  along  the  said  river  to  the  westernmost  part 
of  the  certain  marsh  land  which  divides  the  river  into 
two  parts,  and  from  that  part  to  run  in  a  direct  south-west 
line  into  the  woods  twelve  miles,  and  thence  to  turn  away 
south-east  and  by  south,  until  it  falls  into  the  main 
ocean  ;  together  with  all  lands,  soils,  rivers,  creeks,  har- 
bors, mines,  minerals  (Royal  mines  excepted,)  quarries, 
woods,  meadows,  pastures,  marshes,  waters,  lakes,  fish- 
ings, hawkings,  huntings  and  fowling,  and  all  other 
profits,  commodities  and  hereditaments  to  the  said  lands 
and  premises  belonging  and  appertaining,  with  their  and 
every  of  their  appurtenances  and  of  every  part  and  par- 
cel thereof,  to  have  and  to  hold  all  and  singular  the  said 
lands,  hereditaments  and  premises  with  their  and  every 
of  their  appurtenances  hereby  given  and  granted,  or 
herein  before  mentioned  to  ba  given  and  granted  to  the 
only  proper  use  and  behoof  of  the  said  patentees  and 
their  associates,  their  heirs,  successors  and  assigns  for- 
ever, upon  such  terms  and  conditions  as  hereafter  are  ex- 
pressed, that  is  to  say,  that  the  said  patentees  and  their 
associates,  their  heirs  or  assigns  shall  within  the  space 
of  three  years,  beginning  from  the  day  of  the  date  hereof, 


26  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

manure  and  plant  the  aforesaid  land  and   premises  and 

settle  there  one  hundred  families  at  the  least ;  in  consid- 
eration whereof  I  do  promise  and  grant  that  the  said 
patentees  and  their  associates,  their  heirs,  successors  and 
assigns,  shall  enjoy  the  said  land  and  premises,  with 
their  appurtenances,  for  the  term  of  seven  years  next  to 
come  after  the  date  of  these  presents,  free  from  payment 
of  any  rents,  customs,  excise,  tax  or  levy  whatsoever. 
But  after  the  expiration  of  the  said  term  of  seven  years, 
the  persons  who  shall  be  in  possession  thereof,  shall  pay 
after  the  same  rate  which  others  within  this  his  Royal 
Highness'  territories  shall  be  obliged  unto.  And  the 
said  patentees  and  their  associates,  their  heirs  successors 
and  assigns,  shall  have  free  leave  and  liberty  to  erect  and 
build  their  towns  and  villages  in  such  places  as  they  in  their 
discretions  shall  think  most  convenient,  provided  that 
they  associate  themselves,  and  that  the  houses  of  their 
towns  and  villages  be  not  too  far  distant  and  scattering- 
one  from  another ;  and  also  that  they  make  such  fortifi- 
cations for  their  defence  against  an  enemy  as  may  be 
needful. 

"And  I  do  likewise  grant  unto  the  said  patentees 
and  their  associates,  their  heirs,  successors  and  assigns, 
and  unto  any  and  all  other  persons,  who  shall  plant  and 
inhabit  in  any  of  the  land  aforesaid  that  they  shall  have 
free  liberty  of  conscience,  without  any  molestation  or 
disturbance  whatsoever  in  their  way  of  worship. 

"  And  I  do  further  grant  unto  the  aforesaid  patentees, 
their  heirs,  successors  and  assigns,  that  they  shall  have 
liberty  t  i  elect  by  t!i3  vote  of  the  major  part  of  the  in- 
habitants, five  or  seven  other  persons  of  the  ablest  and 
discre^test  of  the  slid  inhabitants,  or  a  greater  number 
of  them  (if  the  patentees,  their  heirs,  "successors  or  as- 
signs shall  see  cause)  to  join  with  them,  and  they  to- 
gether, or  the  major  part  of  them,  shall  have  full  power 
and  authority  to  make  such  peculiar  and  prudential  laws 
and  constitutions  amongst  the  inhabitants  for  the  better 
and  more  orderly  governing  of  them,  as  to  them  shall 
seem  meet;  provided  they  be  not  repugnant  to  the  pub- 


COMMENCEMENT   OF   SETTLEMENTS.  27 

lie  laws  of  tin1  government  ;  and  they  shall  also  have 
liberty  to  try  all  causes  and  actions  of  debts  and  tres- 
passes arising  amongst  themselves  to  the  value  of  ten 
pounds,  without  appeal,  but  they  may  remit  the  hearing 
of  all  criminal  matters  to  the  assizes  of  New  York. 

"And  furthermore  I  do  promise  and  grant  unto  the 
said  patentees  and  their  associates  aforementioned,  their 
heirs,  successors  and  assigns  that  they  shall  in  all  things 
have  equal  privileges,  freedom  and  immunities  with  any 
of  his  majesty's  subjects  within  this  government,  these 
patentees  and  their  associates,  their  heirs,  successors 
and  assigns  rendering  aud  paying  such  duties  and  ac- 
knowledgments as  now  are,  or  hereafter  shall  be  consti- 
tuted and  established  by  the  laws  of  this  government, 
under  obedience  of  his  Royal  Highness,  his  heirs  and 
successors,  provided  they  do  no  way  enfringe  the  privi- 
leges above  specified. 

"  Given  under  my  hand  and  seal  at  Fort  James  in 
New  York  in  Manhattan  Island  the  8th  day  of  April,  in 
the  17th  year  of  the  reign  of  our  sovereign  lord  Charles  the 
Second  by  the  grace  of  God,  of  England,  Scotland,  France 
and  Ireland,  King,  Defender  of  the  Faith.  &c,  and  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  God  1665. 

Richard  Nicole's. 

"  Entered  in  the  office  of '  n  '.ord  in  New  York,  the  day 
and  year  above  written. 

Matthias  Nicolls,  Secretary." 

COMMENCEMENT  OF  SETTLEMENTS. 


THE   PATENTEES    AND   THEIR    ASSOCIATES. — GRANTS   AND    CON- 
CESSIONS   TO    SETTLERS. THE    MONMOUTH    PATENT. — THE 

FIRST   LEGISLATIVE    ASSEMBLY    OF    NEW    JERSEY. — BUYING 
LAND    OF   THE    INDIANS. 

The  years  in  which  some  of  the  settlers  came  to 
Monmouth  is  given  in  their  claims  made  in  1675,  for 
"Rights  of  land  due  according  to  Grants  and  Concessions 
made  by  the  Proprietors."  A  record  of  these  claims  is 
preserved  in  the  office  of  Surveyor  General  of  East  Jer- 


28  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

sey  at  Perth  Amboy,  from  which  the  following  extracts 
are  made  :  It  will  he  seen  that  under  the  "Grants  and 
Concessions,"  the  men  named  in  the  Monmouth  Patent 
were  allowed  500  acres  each;  then  each  man  and  wife 
120  acres  each ;  then  allowances  for  children,  and  also 
for  servants. 

The  names  of  most  of  the  early  settlers  of  Monmouth 
are  given  in  Proprietors'  Records  at  Perth  Amboy,  hut  in 
a  majority  of  cases,  the  year  is  not  given  when  they  came. 
Very  many  to  whom  warrants  for  land  were  issued  in 
1675  and  subsequently,  had  been  settlers  for  a  number 
of  years  previous. 

The  following  list  of  warrants  gives  names  of  per- 
sons who  claimed  land  under  Grants  and  Concessions 
and  the  amounts  granted  them  : 

1675.  Here  begins  the  Eights  of  Land  due  accord- 
ing to  Concessions : 

Richard  Stout,  of  Middletown,  brings  for  his  rights  for  himself,  his 
wife,  his  two  sons,  John  and  Richard.  120 acres  each,  430  acre3.  Item. — 
For  his  sons  and  daughters  that  are  to  come  of  age  since  the  year  1667, 
viz  :  James,  Peter.  Mary.  Alice  and  Sarah,  each  60  acres — 300  acres.  Total, 
780  acres. 

John  Stout,  of  Middletown,  for  himself  and  wife.  210  acres:  Richard 
Stout  in  his  own  right,  Shrewsbury,  Tin  acres;  James  Stout  in  his  own 
right,  lit i  acres;  Peter  Stout  in  his  own  right.  60  acres;  Sarah  Stout  in  her 
own  right,  60  acres;  James  Bound  iBownel  in  right  of  himself  and  wife, 
Mary  Stout,  240  acres;  John  Throckmorton  in  right  of  himself  and  wife, 
Alice  Stout,  'i-iu  acres. 

Thomas  Whitlock,  of  Middletown,  for  his  rights  from  the  year  1664 
for  himself,  wife  and  three  sons.  Thomas,  William  and  John,  in  all,  five 
persons,  at  120  per  head,  600  acres 

Katherine  Brown,  the  widow  of  Bartholomew  West,  of  Shrewsbury, 
in  right  of  herself  and  decease, 1  husband,  from  1666,  '.,;|  acres  each — 180 
acres;  and  for  her  two  sons  and  daughter,  Stephen.  William  and  Audry 
West,  60  each— ISO  acres 

Nicholas  Brown  in  his  own  right  from  1665,  120  acres,  and  his  wife's 
from  1666,  90  acres   -210  acres. 

Captain  John  Bowne,  of  Middletown,  for  his  rights,  18th  March. 
167-5,  500  acres,  as  being  a  first  purchaser  -500  acres.  Hem. — For  rights 
of  himself  and  wife,  his  father,  mother,  antl  for  William  Gompton  and  his 
wife  from  first  year.  120  acres  each,  780  acres;  three  servants  at  60  acres 
each,  180  acres. 

Jonathan  Holmes  demands  for  his  ."ill  acres,  given  by  the  Lords 
Proprietors  as  being  one  of  the  Patentees  under  first  purchase  at  Xavesink, 
and  in  right  of  self  and  wife,  210  acres  — 740  acres. 


COMMENCEMENT  OF   SETTLEMENTS.  20 

Obadiah  Bolmes  for  self  and  wife,  240  acres. 

Edward  Smith,  Middletown,  self,  L20  acres. 

James  Ashton,  self  and  wife,  240  acres. 

Thomas  Cox,  self  and  wife,  240  acres. 

John  Throckmorton  and  wife  from  firsl  year,  240  acres;  and  in  right 
of  his  father,  John,  240  acres. 

Job  Throckmorton,  self,  120  acres. 

Charles  Eynes  (Haynes?)  and  wife,  240  acres. 

Joseph  Hurt  in  right  of  Randall  Buet  and  wife,  240  acres. 

Sarah  Reape  demands  for  her  rights:  [nrightof  Benjamin  Speare, 
Shrewsbury,  240  acres;  John  Horndell  Shrewsbury,  240  acres;  Thomas 
Dungan,  Shrewsbury,  240  acres;  .lames  Leonard,  Shrewsbury,  240  acres; 
Marmaduke  Ward,  Shrewsbury,  240  acres;  William  -lames,  half  share, 
Shrewsbury,  L 20  acres;  Self  and  husband,  Shrewsbury,  240  acres;  Sell' and 
husband,  Middletown,  240  acres;  Samuel  Borden,  three-fourth  share, 
Shrewsbury,  90  acres;  Joseph  Bryer,  12(1  acres     2010  acres. 

Christopher  Allmey  demands  for  his  rights,  Imp'd  for  himself  and 
wife  and  three  servants  in  the  year  1665,  at  120  acres  a  head,  which  is  in 
part  in  fence,  600  acres;  in  right  of  John  Hall,  who  came  same  year,  120 
acres:  in  right  of  Henry  Hull,  one  of  the  first  purchasers,  120  acres;  in 
right  of  Henry  Piersie  and  wifefrom  the  year  1666,  180  acres;  man  servant, 
(in  acres — 1080  acres. 

Jonathan  Holmes  as  being  a  first  purchaser,  500  acres;  andforself 
and  wife,  240  acres;  Obadiah  Holmes  and  wife,  240  acres,  Edward  Smith, 
12(1  acres;  James  Ash  ton  and  wife,  240  acres;  Thomas  Cox  and  wife,  240 
acres;  John  Throckmorton  and  wife,  240  acres;  John  Throckmorton  for 
his  father,  John,  240  acres;  Job  Throckmorton,  self,  120  acres. 

Warrants  for  tracts  of  laud  to  be  subsequently  lo- 
cated and  surveyed,  were  issued  by  the  Proprietors  to 
the  following  among  other  persons  : 

1675.  Nicholas  Brown,  210  acres  ;  Thomas  Wainright  and  wife  180 
acres;  Katherine  Brown,  late  widow  of  Bartholomew  West,  in  right  of  her 
deceased  husband,  180  acres;  Stephen,  William  and  Audry  West,  60  acres 
each,  180  acres;  Edward  Lafetra  and  wife,  180  acres;  Robert  West.  120 
acres;  Abraham  Brown  and  wife,  120  acres;  Joseph  Parker  and  wife,  240 
acres;  Richard  Stout,  Jr.,  and  wife,  120  acres;  Richard  Stout,  Sr  ,  and  wife, 
780  acres;  John  Stout,  120  acres;  James,  Peter  and  Mary  Stout,  60  each, 
180  acres;  Richard  Hartshorne,  200  acres;  Peter  Parker,  180  acres;  Francis 
Le  Maistre,  240  acres  ;  Clement  and  Pauline  Masters,  120  acres;  Thomas 
Wright,  self  and  wife,  180  acres;  Gabriel  Stelle,  120  acres. 

1676.  Christopher  Allmey  in  right  of  self,  wife  and  others,  1080  acres. 
Sarah  Reape  in  right  of  ten  persons,  2010. 

John  Throckmorton,  480  acres;  Job  Throckmorton,  120  acres;  James 
Ashton,  240  acres;  Thomas  Cox,  240  acres;  Joseph  Huet,  210  acres;  James 
Bowne,  240  acres  ;  Thomas  Warne,  240  acres  ;  Stephen  Arnold,  360  aires; 
Hannaniah  Clifford  and  wife,  240  acres;  Thomas  Leeds,  Sr.,  and  wife,  120 
acres;  William  Leeds  and  wife,  Dorothea.  120  acres;  Daniel  Leeds  and  wife, 
Anne,  120  acres  ;  Thomas  Leeds.  Jr.,  120  acres;  Clement  Shinn  and  Eliza 


SO  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

bis  wife,  120  acres  ;  George  Shinn,  60  acres  ;  Thomas  Jacob  and  wife,  120 
acres;  William  Heyden,  60  acres. 

1676.  Thomas  Cook,  60  acres  ;  John  Champners,  60  acres  ;  William 
Shattock,  360. 

Samuel  Spicer,  for  his  rights  from  Lords  Proprietors,  500  acres;  and 
for  self  and  wife,  240  acres  —740  acres. 

Col.  Lewis  Morris,  (for  iron  works, )  about  3, 000  acres. 

John  Hance,  330  acres;  Richard  Richardson,  150  acres;  John  Wilson, 
240  acres  ;  James  Grover,  (500  and  360)  -860  acres;  Peter  Tilton  (500  and 
570)— 1070  acres;  Richard  Gibbons,  500  acres;  Sarah  Reape,  500;  Nathaniel 
Silvester,  500  acres;  James  Grover,  Sr.,  400  acres;  Henry  Leonard,  (450  and 
■360)—  750  acres  ;  Richard  Sadler,  240  acres;  John  Jobs,  120  acres;  George 
Jobs,  120  acres;  Francis  Hxrbert,  120  acres;  Thomas  Harbert,  (132  and 
240)— 372  acres  ;  Benjamin  Devell  (Deuell),  250  acres  ;  John  Vaughan,  135 
acres. 

1676.  Walter  Wall  and  wife,  240  acres;  William  Layton  and  wife, 
240  acres  ;  John  Smith  and  wife,  240  acres  ;  Richard  Dans  and  wife,  120 
acres;  Daniel  Estell  and  wife,  120  acres;  James  Dorsett  and  wife,  240  acres; 
George  Mount  and  wife,  240  acres;  William  Cheeseman,  120  acres:  Thomas 
Morford,  120  acres  ;  John  Williama  and  wife,  240  acres;  Henry  Marsh,  120 
acres;  William  Whitelock,  120  acres;  John  Whitelock,  120  acres. 

Richard  Hartshorne,  in  right  of  servants  that  he  hath  brought,  90 
acres  each,  270  acres;  right  of  WilliRm  Golding.and  wife,  240  acres  ;  right  of 
Robert  Jones  and  wife,  240  acres— 750. 

William  Lawrence,  in  right  of  self  and  sister,  Hannah  Lawrence, 
240  acree. 

John  Havens  and  wife,  240  acres;  William  Worth  ami  wife,  240  acres; 
Morris  Worth,  120  acres 

1677.  Caleb  Shrife  (Shrieve),  in  right  of  John  Cooke,  240  acres;  John 
Slocum  and  wife,  240  acres  ;  Benjamin  Burdan  and  wife,  240  acres  ;  John 
Hance,  wife  and  man  servant,  360  acres;  in  right  of  John  Foxall,  240  acres! 
in  right  of  Thorlogh  Swiney,  240  acres  ;  Edward  Wharton  and  wife,  240 
acres;  Francis  Borden  in  right  of  Nathaniel  Tompkins,  240  acres;  and  for 
self  and  wife,  240  acres  -480;  John  Borden  and  wife,  240  acres. 

Sarah  Reape.  in  right  of  Thos.  Winterton  and  wife,  240  acres;  also 
Christopher  Fasze  (?)  and  wife,  240  acres:  also  Gabriel  Hicks  and  wife,  240 
acres;  also  Marmaduke  Ward,  240  aci-es  ;  also  William  James,  120  acres; 
also  self  and  husband,  240  acres:  also  Samuel  Borden,  00  acres     1410. 

1676.     Hugh  Dikeman,  wife  and  daughter,  360  acres. 

Abraham  Brown  and  wife,  240  acres,  and  in  right  Peter  Tilton  and 
wife,  240  acres  -480  ;  Isaac  Ouge  and  wife,  120  acres  ;  John  Rnckman  and 
wife,  240  acres  ;  Richard  Lippencott,  wife  and  two  sons  and  two  servants, 
600  acres  :  John  Lippencott  and  wife,  240  acres  ;  John  Woolley  and  wife, 
120  acres  ;  Eliakim  Wardell.  in  right  of  Nicholas  Davis,  ten  shares,  480 
acres  ;  Thomas  Ward  and  wife,  240  acres  ;  Stephen  Arnold  and  wife,  in 
right  Samuel  Holeman,  560  acres  :  George  Hulett  and  wife,  240  acres  ; 
Thomas  Barnes,  wife  and  maid  servant,  180  acres. 

1677.  Thomas  Applegat",  Sr.,  24*1  acres  ;  Thomas  Applegate,  Jr.,  120 
acres;  John  King,  60  acres;  Ebenezer  Cottrell,  120  acres;  Thomas  Williams, 


COMMENCEMENT    OF    SETTLEMENTS.  3fl 

60  acres  ;  Adam  Channelhouse,  240  acreB  ;  Restue  Lippencott  and  wife,  240 
.■ims;  Peter  Easton  and  wife,  24U  acres;  Peter  Tilton,  in  right  of  his 
brother  John  and  wife,  240  acres;  Gideon  Freeborn  and  wife,  240  acres; 
Jacob  Cole  and  wife,  240  acres;  Benjamin  Rogers  and  wife,  L20  acres; 
];.  membrance  Lippencott  and  wife,  24U  acres  ;  Judah  Allen,  in  righl  "i 
Annanias  Garrett,  240  acres  ;  Judah  Allen,  in  righl  Daniel  Gould,  120  acres; 
Judah  Allen,  in  righl  Joshua  Coggeshall,  12U  acres  ;  Annaniah  Gifford,  in 
right  Win.  Gifford,  12U  acres;  Eliakim  Warded  and  wife,  210  acres: 
Eliakim  Warded,  for  Robert  StOry  and  wife,  240  acres;  Samuel  Woolcotl 
and  wife,  21<)  acres;  Hannah  -lay  alias  Hannah  Cook,  60  acres;  Samuel 
Hatton  (no  amount). 

1678  Daniel  Applegate,  120  acres;  Samuel  Leonard,  '210  acres; 
Nathaniel  Leonard,  120  acres;  Thomas  Leonard,  120  acres;  Henrj 
Leonard,  Jr.,  I'M  acres;  John  Leonard,  120  acres;  Samuel  Willett  and 
wife,  120  acres  ;  Lewis  Mattex,  three  tracts;  Cornelius  Steenmen,  adjoining 
lands  ;  William  Lawrence,  in  right  of  original  purchaser,  tor  self,  wife  and 
son,  300  acres. 

1679.  Boger  Ellis,  440  acres;  William  Conipton,  280  acres;  Nicholas 
Serrah,  80  acres;  Isaac  Bryan,  840  acres;  Jacob  Trias,  (Truex)  120  acres; 
Peter  Parker,  George  Parker,  Stephen  West,  John  Jerson,  Christopher 
Gifford.  J  arret  Wall  and  wife,  120  acres;  Randall  Huet  and  wife,  240  acres; 
Derrick  Tuneson  and  wife,  240  acres;  Joshua  Silverwood  and  wife,  120 
acres.  Safety  Grover  and  wife,  120  aires;  Jacob  Triax  (i'ruax),  120 
acres;  Robert  Hamilton,  100  acres;  Thomas  Potter,  wife,  son  and  daughter, 
at  Deale,  500  acres;  Francis  Jeffrey,  at  Deale,  120  acres;  Isaac  Bryan,  Pop- 
lar Swamp,  self,  wife,  four  children  and  eight  servants,  840  acres. 

1081.  Patents,  or  confirmations  of  titles  for  land  were  granted  to 
Gideon  Freeborn,  Hannah  Joy,  Henry  Bowman,  Caleb  Shrieff,  jShrieve), 
Peter  Easton,  John  Williams,  George  Parker,  Nathaniel  Cammack,  Samuel 
Wolcott,  Francis  Jeffries,  Daniel  Leeds,  Joseph  Warded,  John  Ohamnis, 
Restre  Lipjiencott,  Flemembrance  Lippencott,  John  Lippencott,  Christo- 
pher Gifford,  Morris  Worth,  Annanias  Gifford,  Edward  Wharton,  Henry 
Marsh,  John  Slocum,  Nathaniel  Slocum,  Thomas  Potter,  Elizabeth  Hatton, 
Job  Havens,  Samuel  Spieer,  William  Shattock,  John  Hance,  Peter  Parker, 
John  Clayton,  Stephen  West,  Edmond  Lafetra,  William  West,  Francis 
Parden,  (Purdaine ?),  John  Chambers,  Lob.rt  West,  Thomas  Hilborne, 
Tobias  Hansen,  John  Borden,  John  Worthley,  Hugh  Dickman,  William 
Worth,  Eliakim  W  ardell,  John  Jerson,  Benjamin  Rogers. 

In  1085  to  Richard  Gardiner,  Samuel  Colver,  Garret  Wall,  and 
George  Corlies. 

In  1086  to  Gershom  Bowne,  George  Mount,  Safety  Grover,  James 
Grover,  Jr.,  Joseph  West,  George  Keith,  Kobert  Hamilton  and  Francis 
Jackson. 

In  1687  to  William  Shadock,  Edward  Williams,  Thomas  Eatone, 
Jacob  Lippencott,  Thomas  Huet,  Abigail  Lippencott,  Francis  Borden,  John 
Borden,  Peter  White,  John  Cranford,  John  Brea  (Bray),  Samuel  White, 
Job  Jenkins  and  Nathaniel  Parker. 

In  1088,  Mordecai  Gibbons  in  right  of  his  father,  Richard  Gibbons,  had 
confirmed  to  him  a  tract  of  540  acres.     And  so  called  "head  lands"  were 


32  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

granted  to  James  Panl  and  Isabel,  bis  wife,  30  acres  ;  Robert  and  Mazy 
Cole,  30  acres;  Archibald  Bflivei  and  Christiana,  bis  wife,  30  acres;  also 
patent  to  Thomas  and  Richard  HanMoson,  120  ai 

In  U»89  Rebecca  ("ward,  a  servant  of  William  Dnckura,  bad  a 
patent  for  30  acres,  which  she  transferred  t<>  John  Bowne. 

In  1692  Richard  Hartshorne  had  patent  in  right  of  Walter  Clark,  of 
R.  I.,  one  of  the  patentees,  500  a 

In  1693  Thomas  Webley  had  patent  in  right  of  Stephen  and  Audry 
West 

In  1G97  patents  were  given  to  Gershom  Mott  and  John  Chamberlain. 


THE  FIRST  LEGISLATTVE   ASSEMBLY  IX    NEW 

JERSEY. 


It  is  verv  evident  that  daring  the  first  two  or  three 
years  of  the  settlement,  there  must  have  been  busy  times 
for  the  little  sloops  in  carrying  settlers  to  and  fro  and  in 
bringing  over  their  families,  household  goods,  merchan- 
dise, lumber,  etc..  from  their  old  homes  to  the  new  settle- 
ment. We  may  conjecture  that  after  the  first  settlers 
landed  and  had  selected  their  lots  or  tracts  of  land  that  the 
first  work  would  be  putting  up  shelter-,  either  log  houses 
or  perhaps  more  pretentious  dwellings  of  lumber  brought 
from  Gravesend,  Newport  or  elsewhere.  Clearing  the 
land  and  putting  up  fences  was  the  next  serious  task.  In 
this  work  the  first  year  would  probably  be  occupied. 
Perhaps  many  of  them  did  not  bring  over  their  families 
to  reside  permanently  until  this  work  was  accomplished. 
In  1667  the  settlers  found  themselves  so  far  advanced, 
with  dwellings  erected  and  lands  cleared,  that  they  had 
opportunity  to  take  measures  to  establish  a  local  govern- 
ment. 

Bv  tin-  terms  of  the  Nicolls  patent,  (the  patentees 
named,  i  their  associates,  heirs,  successors,  and  assigns 
had  liberty  to  elect  by  the  vote  of  the  major  part  of  the 
inhabitants,  "five  or  seven  other  persons  of  the  ablest 
and  discreetest  of  said  inhabitants"  to  join  with  them  in 
making  such  peculiar  and  prudential  laws  as  to  them 
seemed  meet 

In  pursurance  of  this  permission  a  General  Assem- 


I'.l  STING    LAND   01    I  III     INDIANS.  33 

bly  of  delegates  from  the  three  towns  was  held  in  Shrews- 
bury on  the  1  Ith  of  December,  L667.  This  w&a  the  first 
Legislative  body  ever  assembled  in  Nevt  Jersey.  Richard 
Richardson  was  chosen  as  its  secretary,  and  appointed 
to  record  acts,  orders  and  deeds,  and  bence  may  be  con- 
sidered  the  first  County  Clerk  of  Monmouth.  His  record 
of  the  proceedings  of  this  Assembly  is  still  well  pre- 
served. 


BUYING  LAND  OF  THE  INDIANS. 


In  August,  1664,  the  Dutch  at  New  Amsterdam  sur- 
rendered to  the  English  and  soon  after,  the  Gravesend 
men  before  alluded  to,  made  another  and  a  successful 
effort  to  purchase  land  of  the  Indians  aud  within  a  few- 
months  made  two  other  purchases. 

The  first  Indiau  purchase  was  by  a  deed  dated  Jan- 
uary 25,  1661:,  legal  year,  January  25,  1665,  by  our  cal- 
endar year  ;  the  original  record  of  this  deed  is  at  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  Liber  3,  page  1.  It  was  from  Popomora,  chief  of 
the  Xeyesink  Indians  to  James  Hubbard,  John  Bowne, 
John  Tilton,  Jr.,  Richard  Stout.  William  Goulding  and 
Samuel  Spicer,  all  of  Grayesend.  This  deed  was  also 
agreed  to  by  Mishacoing,  a  brother  of  Popomora.  It 
was  witnessed  by  Indians  named  Rickhoran,  Checockran, 
Chrye,  Serand  and  Mingwash.  The  considerations  giyen 
were  as  follows  : 

118  fathom  seawamp  (wampum),  of  which  68  fathom 
was  to  be  white  seawamp,  and  50  fathom  black,  5  coats. 
1  gun,  1  clout  capp,  1  shirt,  12  lbs  tobacco,  1  anker  wine ; 
all  of  which  were  acknowledged  as  receiyed,  and  82 
fathoms  additional  of  seawamp  to  be  paid  twelye  months 
hence. 

The  interpreters  were  John  Tilton,  Sr.,  James  Bowne, 
John  Horabin,  Pvandall  Huet  and  John  Wilson  The 
fact  of  these  men  being  interpreters  shows  that  they 
previously  had  had  considerable  intercourse  with  the  In- 
dians. 


34  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

The  second  purchase  was  dated  April  7,  1665,  and 
was  from  Indians  named  Taplawappamnmnd,  Mattama- 
hickanick,  Yawpochammmid,  Kackenham,  Mattanoh, 
Norchon  and  Qnrrmeck  and  the  deed  was  to  John  Tilton 
Sr.,  Samuel  Spicer,  William  Goulding,  Richard  Gibbons, 
James  Grover  and  Richard  Stout. 

The  third  purchase  was  dated  June  5,  1G65,  and 
from  Indians  named  Manavendo,  Emmerdesolsee,  Pop- 
pomera,  Checawsen,  Shanhemun,  Cramanscum,  Wine- 
germeen  and  Macca,  and  the  deed  was  to  James  Grover, 
John  Bowue,  Richard  Stout,  John  Tilton,  Richard  Gib- 
bons, William  Goulding,  Samuel  Spicer  and  "  the  rest  of 
the  company." 

The  articles  given  for  the  second  and  third  purchases 
were  wampum,  wine  and  tobacco,  11  common  coats,  three 
pairs  of  breeches,  9  blankets,  45  yards  duffel  (coarse  cloth) 
4  1-2  lbs.  powder,  15  1-2  lbs.  lead,  etc. — in  all  about  the 
same  value  in  proportion  as  for  the  first  purchase.  The 
orignal  record  of  these  deeds  is  also  at  Albany,  and 
copies  are  recorded  at  Perth  Amboy  and  at  Trenton. 
These  purchases  were  acknowledge  before  Governor 
Nicolls  at  New  York.  In  their  first  land  sales,  the  In- 
dians were  anxious- to  procure  coats,  but  they  seemed  to 
have  cared  but  little  for  breeches,  preferring  to  go  bare- 
legged ;  said  an  Indian  :  "  Indian's  legs  like  white  man's 
face,  no  want  covering."  But  Popomora  and  some  of 
his  chiefs  were  probably  induced  to  wear  breeches  as 
they  had  to  visit  the  settlement  at  Gravesend  and  also  to 
go  to  New  York,  to  acknowledge  the  deeds  before  the 
Governor,  and  Tilton,  Stout  and  the  others  would  natu- 
rally object  to  the  Indians  parading  through  the  streets 
of  New  York,  dressed  with  only  a  short  coat  and  perhaps 
a  few  feathers  stuck  in  their  hair  ! 

The  following  account  is  a  sample  of  receipts  and 
expenditures  in  the  original  purchase  of  the  lands  of  the 
Indians  and  the  names  of  the  purchasers  and  shares 
awarded  is  from  Book  A,  Freehold  Records  : 

Newasink,  Narumsunk  and  Pootapeck,  Dr.  as  followeth  to  William 
Beape : 


24 

5 

0 

23 

in 

(i 

25 

02 

n 

HI  VIM,    LAND   OF   THE    END]  \\s.  35 


To  John  Tilton  and  <  'ompany 

in  peague * 
In  rum  at  Ivnirs  at  7-6  per  gallon 

15  duffels 

To  the  Sachem  of  ye  gif<  Land 

and  t<>  Randal  Huet  in  rum  1      00      6 

To  a  sloop  hire  1  *  >  days,  with  expences 

in  provisions  upon  a  voyage  with  the 

Patentees  to  Pootopeek  Nect  1    06      0 

To  the  charm'  of  three  men  sent 

from  Rhode  Islam!  to  settle  ye,  the 

oonnterey  affairs  here  :s    (is      n 

To  the  use  of  Derrick  Smiths  sloope 

for  their  transport  1     11      <; 

To  "21  days  for  myself  nu  ye 

publique  affairs  with  provisions  :S    03      () 

To  the  forbearance  of  my  mouey  0    00      (i 

To  my  expense  of  new  attending  the 

publique  service  at  the  making  of 

this  account  0    00      0 


689     07      0 


The  above  accompt  of  disbursements  of  William 
Reape,  amounting  to  £89  07s  Od  is  owned  by  us,  the 
Patentees  and  Deputies  now  present   at  Portland  Point. 

Witness  cur  hands  this  5th  day  of  July,  1670  : 

Will  Goulding, 
James  Grover, 
John  Bowne, 
Richard  Gibbons,. 

his 

Richard  X  Stout, 

mark 

Patentees. 
John  Hance, 
Etta  Tmvr  Wardell, 
James  Bowne, 

Deputies. 
Testis:     R.  Richardson. 


*  Backus'  History  of  Baptists  says  a  wampum  peague  was  worth  one-sixth  of  a  i  enuy. 


36  HISTORY  OF  MoNMolTH  and  ocean   COUNTIES. 

MONMOUTH  COUNTY— WHEN  ESTABLISHED. 


The  name  Monmouth  was  officially  given  to  the 
county  March  7th,  1683,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  following 
extracts  : 

"  Att  a  Councill  held  the  7th  day  of  the  mo-1  called 
March  1(58  2-3  *  *  *  *  * 

"A  bill  sent  downe  from  the  Deputyes  for  devideing 
the  p'vince  into  Countyes  read  and  agreed  vtno." — 
Journal  of  proceedings  of  Gov.  (&  Council,1682 — 1703. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  the  bill  referred  to  : 

"  At  a  General  Assembly  begun  and  holden  at  Eliza- 
bethtown  in  this  Province  of  East  New  Jersey,  the  first 
day  of  the  Month  called  March  Anno  Domini  1682  and  in 
the  Five  and  Thirtieth  year  of  the  reign  of  King  Charles 
the  Second,  over  England,  &c.  and  there  continued  by 
several  adjournments  thereof  until  the  twenty-eight  day 
of  the  said  Month  of  March,  for  the  public  Weale  of  this 
Province  was  Enacted  as  follows  : 

"IV.  An  Act  to  divide  the  Province  into  F<mr 
<  'mi i, firs. — Having  taken  into  consideration  the  necessity 
of  dividing  the  Province  into  respective  Counties  for  the 
better  governing  and  settling  Courts  in  the  same  : — 

"  Be  it  Enacted,  by  this  General  Assembly,  and  the 
Authority  thereof,  that  this  Province  be  divided,  into  four 
counties  as  follow eth  :  (Here  follows  the  bounds  of  Ber- 
gen, Essex,  and  Middlesex,  after  which  the  bounds  of 
Monmouth  are  given  as  follows  :) 

"Monmouth  County  to  begin  at  the  Westward 
Bounds  of  Middlesex  county,  containing  Middletown  and 
Shrewsbury  and  so  extend  Westward,  Southward,  and 
Northward  to  the  extream  Bounds  of  the  Province. 
Provided  this  distinction  of  the  Province  into  Counties, 
do  not  extend  to  the  infringement  of  any  Liberty  in  any 
Charter  alread}r  granted." 

The  name  Monmouth  was  given  to  the  county 
through  the  influence  of  Col.  Lewis  Morris  who  at  the 
beginning  of  this  session  (March  1st,)  was  said  to  have 


DISCOVER!     »l    01  i;\n   COUNTY.  37 

been  "Elected  Eor  Shrewsbury"  as  a   Deputy,  but    liis 
place  declared  vacant,  probably  because  In'   had    been 

selected  l>\  the  Governor  as  a  member  of  the  council  ;i( 
that  time. 

Colonel  Moiris  had  purchased  a  large  tract  of  land, 
in  what  was  afterwards  known  as  Monmouth  County, 
October  25th,  1676,  said  to  Contain  3,540  acres,  where- 
upon he  located,  as  described  in  1680,  "his  iron  mills, 
his  Manors,  and  divers  other  buildings  For  his  servants 
and  dependants ;  together  with  (50  or  70  negroes  about 
the  Mill  and  Husbandry.  To  this  plantation  he  gave  the 
name  of  Tintern  (corrupted  afterwards  to  Tinton)  after 
an  estate  which  had  belonged  to  the  family  in  Mon- 
mouthshire, England,  and  from  him  Monmouth  county 
received  its  name." 

DISCOVERY  OF  OCEAN  COUNTY. 


Who  first  discovered  this  section  of  our  country? 
Who  first  entered  Barnegat  Bay,  and  explored  its  shores  ? 
Who  were  the  first  whites  who  located  here  ?  Have  any 
accounts  of  the  Indians  once  living  here  been  preserved  ? 
These  are  among  the  first  questions  which  naturally 
present  themselves  in  making  inquires  into  the  early  his- 
tory of  this  section  of  our  State.  While  the  records  of 
the  past,  meagre  indeed  as  regards  this  locality,  do  not 
furnish  as  full  answers  as  desirable,  yet  much  has  been 
preserved  which  is  of  interest  to  all  desirous  of  obtain- 
ing information  on  these  and  kindred  points. 

The  discovery  of  that  part  of  New  Jersey  now  known 
as  Ocean  County,  was  by  Sir  Henry  Hudson,  on  the  2d 
day  of  September,  1609,  while  cruising  along  our  coast 
in  the  celebrated  Dutch  ship,  the  Half  Moon.  This  ship 
was  quite  small,  being  of  only  eighty  tons  burthen,  and 
of  a  build  that  would  now  be  considered  quite  novel,  re- 
minding one  of  the  curious-looking  Dutch  galliots,  which 
occasionally  were  seen  in  the  harbor  of  New  York  a  gen- 
eration or  so  ago,  which  used  to  attract  the  attention  of, 
and  are  well  remembered  by  old  seafaring  men  of  Ocean 
County. 


38  HISTOHY   OF   MONMOUTB    AM»   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

This  ship,  two  01  three  days  previously,  had  tried  t<> 
enter  Delaware  Bay,  but  finding  the  navigation  danger- 
ous, no  attempt  was  made  to  land,  and  she  again  stood 
out  to  sea.  After  getting  fairly  out,  Hudson  headed 
north-eastwardly,  and  after  a  while  hauled  in  and  made 
land,  Sept.  2d,  near  Egg  Harbor.  A  very  complete  log 
of  the  ship  was  kept  by  the  mate,  Alfred  Juet,  and  the 
part  relating  to  Monmouth  and  Ocean  comities  is  pub- 
lished elsewhere  in  these  pages. 

Samuel  H.  Shreve,  Esq.,  who  in  past  years  has  furn- 
ished many  valuable  historical  items  to  th  •  N  sw  Jersey 
Courier,  says  in  a  communication  dated  January,  1868  : 
"Ferrago  Forge  was  erected  by  Gen  Lacey  in  1809,  and 
the  same  year  Dover  Forge  was  built  by  W.  L.  Smith, 
the  son-in-law  ofXiacey.' 

It  has  been  stated  that  Lacey  expended  ten  thousand 
dollars  at  Ferrago  in  building  the  dam  alone,  and  the 
construction  of  the  forge  and  other  buildings  and  of  the 
road  to  Forked  River  must  have  required  a  very  consid- 
erable outlay  of  money. 

OLD  MONMOUTH  DESCRIBED  BY  AN  ANCIENT 
WRITER. 


MIDDLETOWN,     SHREWSBURY     AND     FREEHOLD    IN     1708. — NEW 
JERSEY  A  PARADISE. 

We  copy  the  following  from  the  celebrated  but  quite 
rare  work  of  Oldmixon,  published  in  1708.  The  capitals, 
orthography  and  italics  are  about  as  in  the  original. 

After  describing  Middlesex  county,  he  says  :  "  We 
cross  over  the  river  from  Middlesex  into 

M<,ninn<it]>  County;  Where  we  first  meet  with  Mid- 
dleton  a  pretty  Good  Town  consisting  of  100  Families 
and  30,000  Acres  of  Ground  on  what  they  call  here  Out 
Plantations.  Tis  about  10  or  12  miles  over  Land,  to 
the  Northward  of  Shrewsbury  and  2(5  miles  to  the  South- 
ward of  Piscattaway.  Not  far  off,  the  Shoar  winds  itself 
about  like  a  Hook  and  being  sandy  gives  Name  to  all  the 

Bay. 

Shrewsbury  is  the  most  Southern  Town  of  the  Prov- 


OLD    MONMOUTH    DESCRIBED    Bl     \\     \\<h;m     WRITER,      39 

Lnce  and  reckon'd  the  chief  Town  of  the  Shire,  li  con- 
tains about  L60  Families  and  30,000  Acres  of  Out  Planta- 
tions, belonging  to  its  Division.  Tis  situate.]  on  the 
Side  of  a  fresh  Water  Stream,  thence  called  Shrewsbury 
River,  Dot  far  fi<  in  its  Mouth.  Between  this  Town  and 
Middltton  is  an  Imn  Work  but  we  do  not  understand  it 
lias  been  any  great  Benefit  to  the  Proprietors.  CoL 
Morris  is  building  a  Church  at  the  Falls.  There's  a  new 
town  in  the  County  called 

Freehold,  which  has  not  been  Laid  out  and  inhabited 
long.  It  does  not  contain  as  yet  above  40  Families,  and 
as  to  its  Out  Plantations  we  suppose  they  are  much  the 
same  in  number  with  the  rest  and  may  count  it  about 
30,000  acres. 

"We  have  not  divided  the  counties  into  Parishes  and 
that  for  a  good  reason,  there  being  none,  nor  indeed  a 
Church  in  the  whole  Province  worth  that  Name.  But 
there  are  several  Congregations  of  Church  of  England 
men  as  at  Shrewsbury,  Ambov,  Elisabeth  Town  and  Free- 
hold  whose  Minister  is  Mr.  John  Heak;  his  Income  is  651 
a  year:  and  a  Church  is  building  at  Salem. 

In  another  place  Oldmixon  in  speaking  of  the  first 
settlers  of  New  Jersey  says  : 

"We  must  note  that  most  of  the  first  English  Inhabi- 
tants in  this  country  (East  and  West  Jersey i  were  Des- 
sei iters,  and  most  of  them  Quakers  and  Anabaptists. 
Thes  ■  p  >ople  are  g  n  Tally  Industrious  ;  Be  their  Hypo- 
crisy to  themselves  if  they  are  Hypocrites;  but  we  must 
do  them  the  Justice  to  own  that  they  are  the  fittest  to 
inhabit  a  new  discovered  Country,  as  possessing  Industry, 
and  shunning  those  public  Vices  which  beget  Idleness 
and  "Want.  Their  enemies  drove  great  numbers  of  them 
out  of  England,  and  the  Jerseys  had  their  share  of  them. 
The  People  here  are  for  this  Beason  Dissenters  to  this 
Day.  there  being  but  two  Church  of  England  Ministers  in 
both  Provinces  ;  and  this  may  be  one  reason  why  there 
are  no  Parish  Churches,  which  the  Inhabitants  may  be 
afraid  to  build,  least  it  might  be  a  temptation  for  more 
Orthodox  Divines  to  come  among  them. 


40  HISTOHY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

"A  gentleman  asking  one  of  the  Proprietaries  'Tftht  n 

were  no  Lawyers  in  the  Jerseys?*  Was  answered  '  .V". 
And  then  '  If there  mere  no  Physicians  ?*  The  Propri- 
etor replied  '  No?  ' Nor  Parsons?*  adds  the  Gentleman. 
'  No?  says  the  Proprietor.  Upon  which  the  other  cry'd 
'  What  a  /"7vv/  place  must  this  b"  and  hom  worthy  the 
name  of  Paradice!  '  We  do  not  perhaps  differ  more  from 
this  gentleman  than  we  agree  with  him." 

Oldmixon  derived  his  information  of  New  Jersey 
from  two  of  the  Proprietors  as  will  be  seen  by  the  fol- 
lowing extract  from  his  preface  : 

"Mr.  Dockwra  and  Dr.  Cox  were  both  so  kind  as  to 
inform  him  fully  of  the  Jerseys  and  Mr.  Pen  did  him  the 
same  Favor  for  Pennsylvania  ;  these  three  Gentlemen 
doing  him  the  Honor  to  admit  him  into  their  Friend- 
ship.'" 

OLD  MONMOUTH  UNDEK  THE  DUTCH. 


Ex-Governor  Parker,  dec'd,  in  his  valuable  address 
before  the  New  Jersey  Historical  Society,  produced  the 
old  town  book  of  Middletown  township,  which  gives  the 
history  of  this  section  of  East  Jersey  from  1667  to  1702. 
After  the  Dutch  conquest  in  1673,  it  was  stated  that  little 
or  nothing  is  recorded  in  the  town  book  during  their 
brief  rule  of  less  than  a  year. 

The  Dutch  had  the  supremacy  in  New  York  and  New 
Jersey  until  1664,  when  the  English,  conquered  the 
Dutch.  In  1673,  a-  war  having  again  broken  out  between 
England  and  Holland,  a  small  Dutch  squadron  was  sent 
over  and  arrived  at  Staten  Island,  July  30th.  Captain 
Manning,  the  English  officer  temporarily  in  command  at 
New  York,  surrendered  at  once  without  any  effort  to  de- 
fend the  place  and  the  Dutch  again  resumed  sway  over 
New  York,  New  Jersey  and  settlements  along  the  Dela- 
ware. They  retained  it  however  only  a  few  months,  as 
by  a  treaty  made  in  February  following,  these  places 
were  ceded  back  to  England,  though  the  English  appear 
not  to  have  taken  formal  oossessiou  until  November  fol- 


OLD    MONMOUTH    tJNDEB   THE    DUTCH.  I  1 

lowing.  During  this  short  time  while  the  Dutch  were  again 
in  authority,  embracing  the  time  thai  the  Middletown 
township  book  records  l>ut  little  or  nothing,  the  follow- 
ing items  relating  to  old  Monmouth,  are  found  among 
the  official  records  of  the  Dutch  al  New  York.  The  firsl 
is  an  order  issued  shortly  after  their  arrival ;  the  ortho- 
graphy is  given  as  found. 

"The  inhabitants  of  Middletown  and  Shrewsbury, 
are  hereby  charged  and  required  to  send  their  deputies 
unto  us  on  Tuesday  morning  next,  for  to  treat  with  lis 
upon  articles  of  surrendering  their  said  towns  under  the 
obedience  of  their  High  and  Mighty  Lords,  the  States 
General  of  the  said  United  Provinces,  and  his  serene 
Highness,  the  Prince  of  Orange,  or  by  refusall  we  shall 
be  necessitated  to  subdue  the  places  thereunto  by  force 
of  arms. 

"Dated  at  New  Orange  this  12tli  day  of  August,  A. 
D.  1673. 

"  COKNELIS  EvEltTSE,  -Jr. 

"Jacob  Benckes." 

Iu  compliance  with  the  above  order,  deputies  from 
Shrewsbury,  Middletown  ami  other  places  in  East  Jer- 
sey, appeared  in  court  on  the  18tli  of  August,  and  upon 
their  verbal  request  the  same  privileges  were  granted  to 
them  as  to  Dutch  citizens. 

"  August  19th,  1673.  Middletown,  Shrewsbury  and 
other  towns  in  Achter  Coll,  to  name  two  deputies  each, 
who  shall  nominate  three  persons  for  Schout  and  three 
for  Secretarys,  out  of  which  said  nominated  persons  by 
us  shall  be  elected  for  each  town,  three  magistrates  and 
for  the  six  towns,  one  Schout,  and  one  Secretary. 

"Jacob  Benckes. 
"  CoiiNELIS  Evektse,  Jr." 

Achter  Coll  above  mentioned,  is  said  to  mean  "  be- 
yond the  hills,"  that  is,  beyond  Bergen  Hills.  The 
Dutch  in  New  York,  it  is  stated,  sometimes  called  Old 
Monmouth  and  other  parts  of  East  Jersey,  beyond  Ber- 
gen Hills,  by  this  name. 

"  April  19th,  1671.    A  certain  proclamation  being  de- 


42  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

livered  into  Council  from  the  Magestrates  of  the  Toune 
of  Middletoune,  prohibiting  all  inhabitants  from  depart- 
ing out  of  said  toune,  unless  the\  give  bail  toreturnas 
soon  as  their  business  will  have  been  performed,  or  they 
be  employed  in  public  service  &c,  requesting  the  Gov- 
ernors approval  of  the  same,  which  being  read  and  con- 
sidered, it  is  resolved  and  ordered  by  the  Governer  Gen- 
eral and  Council,  that  no  inhabitant  can  l>e  hindered 
changing  his  domicile,  within  the  Province  unless 
arrested  for  lawful  cause  ;  however  ordered  that  no  one 
shall  depart  from  the  toune  of  Middletoune,  unless  he 
previously  notifies  the  Magestrates  of  his  intention." 

CAUSES    OF    THE    REVOLUTION  —  PRINCIPLES 
INVOLVED. 


EARLY  STAND   TAKEN    BY   THE   CITIZENS    OF    MONMOUTH. — PRO- 
CEEDINGS   OF     MEETINGS     IN    DIFFERENT     TOWNSHIPS    IN 
1774-5. — FREEHOLD    LEADS   THE    STATE.— COUNTY    RESO- 
LUTIONS.— AN   ADMIRABLE    DOCUMENT. — PATRIOTS  APPEAL 
TO  THEIR  DESCENDANTS. — "A  FAITHFUL  RECORD"  OF  1774. 
Historians  of    other  States    h;tve    always    conceded 
that  the  citizens  of  New  Jersey  were  among  the  earliest 
and  most   active    opponents    of    those  tyrannical   acts  of 
Great  Britain  which  brought  on  the  war,  and  finally  re- 
sulted in  separation.     Large  and   spirited  public  meet- 
ings were  held  in  various  parts  of  the  State  in  1774  5,  to 
denounce  the  obnoxious  laws,  and  to  organize  for  counsel 
and  defence. 

At  this  stage  of  affairs,  separation  from  England  had 
not  been  proposed,  and  most  of  these  meetings,  while 
condemning  the  acts  of  the  British  Ministry  and  Parlia- 
ment, still  expressed  decided  loyalty  to  the  King.  Our 
ancestors  warmly  seconded  the  stand  taken  by  the  people 
of  Boston,  and  freely  forwarded  contributions  to  the  suf- 
fering inhabitants  of  that  city. 

We  annex  extracts  from  the  proceedings  of  some  of 
these  meetings  in  Old  Monmouth,  as  tiny  exhibit  the 
timely  zeal  and  firm  and  decided  spirit  of  its  citizens,  and 


CAUSES   OF   THE    REVOLUTION       PRINCIPLES    INVOLVED.      L3 

also  furnish  the  names  of  some  of  the  leading  spirits  who 
were  prominent  in  the  early  stages  of  political  movements 
which  brought  on  the  lie  volution.  The  several  counties  of 
the  State  were  requested  to  send  delegates  to  meet  al  New 
Brunswick,  July  21st,  1774,  to  consider  what  action  should 
be  taken  by  the  citizens  of  the  province  of  New  .Jersey. 
This  conventioE  was  generally  spoken  of  as  the  "Pro- 
vincial Congress  of  New  Jersey,"  and  was  a  different  body 
from  the  Legislature;  in  several  instances,  however,  the 
same  persons  were  members  of  both  bodies.  A  number 
of  persons  named  in  these  proceedings  were  afterwards, 
during  the  war,  conspicuous  in  military  or  civil  life,  for 
their  services  in  behalf  of  their  country  in  legislative 
halls  and  on  the  field  of  battle. 

For  a  year  or  two  the  citizens  of  the  county  appeal 
to  have  been  about  unanimous  in  their  sentiments,  but 
when  finally  the  subject  of  a  separation  from  the  mother 
country  was  boldly  advocated,  there  was  found  to  be  a 
diversity  of  opinion,  and  some  who  were  among  the 
most  active  in  the  meetings  of  1774-5,  earnestly  opposed 
the  proposition,  and  eventually  sided  with  England  in 
the  later  years  of  that  memorable  struggle.  The  fearful 
consequences  of  this  division,  in  which  it  would  seem 
almost  every  man  capable  of  bearing  arms  was  compelled 
to  take  sides,  we  have  endeavored  to  give  in  other 
chapters. 

The  citizens  of  Freehold  had  the  honor,  we  believe, 
of  holding  the  first  meeting  in  New  Jersey  to  denounce 
the  tyrannical  acts  of  Great  Britain — of  inaugurating  the 
movements  in  our  State  which  finally  resulted  in  Inde- 
pendence. The  date  of  their  first  meeting  is  June  6th, 
1774;  the  earliest  date  of  a  meeting  in  any  other  place 
that  we  have  met  with,  is  of  a  meeting  at  Newark,  June 
11th,  1774. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  Freehold  Proceedings: 

Lowei;  Freehold  Resolutions. 

"Freehold  June  6th  1774. 
"At  a  meeting  of  the   Freeholders  and  Inhabitants 
of    the   Township   of    Lower  Freehold    in  the  county  of 


44  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTTE8. 

Monmouth   in   New    Jersey,  on   Monday  the  < "> 1 1 1  day  of 

June,  1774.  after  notice  given  of  the  time,  place  and  oc- 
casion of  this  meeting : 

"  Resolved  That  it  is  the  unanimous  opinion  of  this 

meeting,  that  tin-  cause  in  which  the  inhabitants  of  the 
town  of  Boston  are  now  suffering  is  the  common  cause  of 
the  whole  Continent  of  North  America  :  and  that  unless 
some  genera]  spirited  measures,  for  the  public  safety  he 
speedily  entered  into  there  is  just  reason  to  fear  that 
every  Province  may  in  turn  share  the  same  fate  with 
them;  and  that  therefore,  it  is  highly  incumbent  on  them 
all  to  unite  in  some  effectual  means  to  obtain  a  repeal  of 
the  Boston  Port  Bill  and  any  other  that  may  follow  it, 
which  shall  he  deemed  subversive  of  the  rights  and  privi- 
leges of  free  born  Americans. 

"And  that  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  meeting  that  in  case 
it  shall  hereafter  appear  to  be  consistent  with  the  gen- 
eral opinion  of  the  trading  towns  and  the  commercial 
part  of  our  countrymen,  that  an  entire  stoppage  of  im- 
portation and  exportation  from  and  to  (neat  Britain  and 
the  West  Indies,  until  the  said  Port  Bill  and  other  Acts 
be  repealed,  will  he  conducive  to  the  safety  and  preser- 
vation of  North  America  and  her  liberties,  they  will  yield 
a  cheerful  acquiescence  in  the  measure  and  earnestly 
reccommend  the  same  to  all  their  brethren  in  this  Prov- 
ince. 

"  Resolved,  moreover,  That  the  inhabitants  of  this 
township  will  join  in  an  Association  with  the  several 
towns  in  the  county  and  in  conjunction  with  them,  with 
the  several  counties  in  the  Province   (if.  as  we  doubt  not 

they  see  tit    to    accede  to  the     proposal  i   ill    any  measures 

that  may  app<  ar  best  adapted  to  the  weal  and  safety  of 
North  America  and  all  her  loyal  sons. 

"Ordered  That 

John  Andersoh  Esq  Peteb  Forman 

Hendrice  Smoce  John  Forman 

Ashei;  Holmes  Capt.  Jno.  Covenhoven 

and  Dr.  Nathaniel  Scuddeb 

be  a  committee  for  the  township  to  join  those  who  may 


CAUSES   OF   THE    REVOLUTION       PRINCIPLES    INVOLVED.      T> 

be  elected  for  the  neighboring  townships  or  counties  to 
constitute  a  General  Committee  for  any  purposes  similar 
to  those  above  mentioned;  and  thai  the  gentlemen  so  ap- 
pointed do  immediately  solicit  a  correspondence  with 
the  adjacent  towns.-' 

(Dr.  Scudder  subsequently  was  a  Colonel  in  the  Firsi 
Regiment  Monmouth  Militia,  and  killed  October  L5th, 
1781,  as  described  elsewhere.) 

The  following  week  the  citizens  of  Essex  sent  the 
following  to  the  patriots  of  Monmouth  : 
Essex  to  Monmouth. 

"  Elizabethtown  June  13  1774 

"Gentlemen:  The  alarming  Measures  which  have 
been  lately  taken  to  deprive  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Ameri- 
can Colonies  of  their  constitutional  Rights  and  Privileges, 
together  with  the  late  violent  attacks  made  upon  the 
rights  and  liberties  of  the  Colony  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay  (for  asserting  and  endeavoring  to  maintain  their 
rights)  manifestly  intended  to  crush  them  without  Mercy 
and  thereby  disunite  and  weaken  the  Colonies,  and  at 
the  same  time  dare  them  to  assert  or  own  their  Constitu- 
tional Eights,  Liberties  or  Properties,  under  the  Penalty 
of  the  like,  and  if  possible,  worse  treatment:  and  as  the 
Assembly  of  New  Jersey  are  not  like  to  meet  in  time  to 
answer  the  Design  proposed,  and  the  neighboring  Colo- 
nies are  devising  and  expecting  the  immediate  union  of 
this  Colony  with  them. 

"Sundry  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Essex 
by  Advertisements,  convened  a  general  Meeting  of  said 
County  at  Newark  on  Saturday  last,  when  the  said  in- 
habitants unanimously  entered  into  certain  Resolves  and 
Declarations  upon  that  occasion,  a  copy  of  which  you 
have  enclosed.  We  the  Committee  appointed  by  the  said 
Meeting,  do  earnestly  request  that  You  will  immediately 
by  Advertisements  or  otherwise,  call  a  general  Meeting 
of  your  County  for  the  purposes  aforesaid  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible, as  we  have  intelligence  that  it  is  most  probable  the 
General  Congress  of  the  Colonies  will  be  held  the  latter 
end  of  July  next.     Vs'e  think  New  Brunswick  the   most 


46  HISToKY    OF    MoXMOUTH    AM)    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

suitable  place  for  the  committee  to  meet,  and  with  sub- 
mission to  them  desire  they  will  meet  us  at  New  Bruns- 
wick on  Thursday,  July  ^lst  next,  at  1<>  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  unless  some  other  time  and  place  more  suitable 
shall  in  the  meantime  be  agreed  upon. 

"We  earnestly  request  your  answer  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible. 

"Letters  of  this  Tenor  and  Date  we  now  despatch  to 
the  other  Counties  in  this  Colony.     We  are,  Gentlemen, 
"your  most  ob't  servants 

Stephen  ('hank,  Chairman. 

"By  order; 

"To  Messrs.  Edward  Taylor,  Richard  Lawrence, 
Elisha  Lawrence,  John  Taylor  and  Henry  Waddell  and 
other  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Monmouth,  Friends 
to  the  Liberties  and  Privileges  of  the  American  Colo- 
nies." 

(The  above  letter  was  directed  to  the  above  named 
gentlemen  "or  to  any  body  else   in  Monmouth  County.") 

Delegates  from  the  different  townships  in  the  county 
assembled  at  Freehold,  July  19th,  and  the  result  of  their 
decision  is  found  in  the  following  admirable  document. 
It  is  lengthy,  but  will  well  repay  perusal.  In  the  closing 
paragraph  they  trust  that  some  faithful  record  will  trans- 
mit the  reasons  which  actuated  them,  to  their  posterity 
to  whom  they  make  a  brief  but  elotpient  appeal.  As 
they  desired,  this  record  has  been  preserved,  and  as  they 
desired,  we  do  what  we  can  to  place  it  before  their  de- 
scendants : 

Monmouth  County  Resolutions. 

"On  Tuesday,  July  19th,  1774,  a  majority  of  the 
Committees  from  the  several  townships  in  the  County  of 
Monmouth  of  the  Colony  of  New  Jersey,  met  according  to 
appointment  at  the  Court  House  at  Freehold  in  said 
county;  and  appearing  to  have  been  regularly  chosen 
and  constituted  by  their  respective  townships,  they  unani- 
mously agreed  upon  the  propriety  and  expediency  of 
electing  a  committee  to  represent  the  whole  county  at 
the  approaching  Provincial  Convention  to  be  held  at  the 


CAUSES   OF   THE    REVOL1   I  [ON       Nil  N<  I  I'l.r.s    [NVOLVED.      \i 

city  of  New  Brunswick,  for  the  necessary  purpose  <>f  con- 
stituting delegates  from  this  Province  to  the  genera] 
Congress  of  the  Colonies  and  for  all  other  such  import- 
.iiit  purposes  as  shall  hereafter  be  found  necessary. 

"They  at  the  same  time  also  recorded  the  following 
Resolutions,  Determinations  and  Opinions,  which  they 
w  ;sh  to  be  transmitted  to  posterity  as  an  ample  testimony 
to  their  Loyalty  to  liis  British  Majesty,  of  their  firm  at- 
tachment to  the  principles  of  the  glorious  Revolution 
and  their  fixed  and  unalterable  purpose,  by  every  lawful 
means  in  their  power,  to  maintain  and  defend  themselves 
in  the  possession  and  enjoyment  of  those  inestimable 
civil  and  religious  privileges  which  their  forefathers,  at 
the  expense  of  so  much  blood  and  treasure,  have  estab- 
lished and  handed  down  to  them. 

"1st.  In  the  names  and  behalf  of  their  constituents, 
the  good  and  loyal  inhabitants  of  the  county  of  Mon- 
mouth, in  the  colony  of  New  Jersey,  they  do  cheerfully 
and  publicly  proclaim  their  unshaken  allegiance  to  the 
person  and  government  of  his  most  gracious  Majesty, 
King  George  the  Third,  now  on  the  British  throne,  and 
do  acknowledge  themselves  bound  at  all  times,  and  to 
the  utmost  exertion  of  their  power  to  maintain  his  dig- 
nity and  lawful  sovereignty  in  and  over  all  his  colonies 
in  America  ;  and  that  it  is  their  most  fervent  desire  and 
constant  prayer  that  in  a  Protestant  succession,  the  de- 
scendants of  the  illustrious  House  of  Hanover,  may  con- 
tinue to  sway  the  British  sceptre  to  the  latest  posterity. 
"  2d.  They  do  highly  esteem  and  prize  the  happi- 
ness of  being  governed  and  having  their  liberty  and 
property  secured  to  them  by  so  excellent  a  system  of 
laws  as  that  of  Great  Britain,  the  best  doubtless  in  the 
universe  ;  and  they  will  at  all  times  cheerfully  obey  and 
render  every  degree  of  assistance  in  their  power  to  the 
full  and  just  execution  of  them.  But  at  the  same  time 
will,  with  the  greatest  alacrity  and  resolution  oppose  any 
unwarrantable  innovations  in  them  or  any  additions  to 
or  alterations  in  the  grand  s}-stem  which  may  appear  un- 
constitutional, and  consequently   inconsistent   with    the 


48  HISTOEY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

liberties  and  privileges  of  the  descendants  of  free  born 
American  Britons. 

"  3d.  As  there  has  been  forages  past,  a  most  happy 
union  and  uninterrupted  connection  between  Great  Brit- 
ain and  her  colonics  in  America,  they  conceive  their  in- 
terests are  now  become  so  intimately  blended  together 
and  their  mutual  dependence  upon  each  other  to  be  at 
this  time  so  delicately  great  that  they  esteem  everything 
which  has  a  tendency  to  alienate  affection  or  disunite 
them  in  any  degree,  highly  injurious  to  their  common 
happiness  and  directly  calculated  to  produce  a  Revolu- 
tion, likely  in  the  end  to  prove  destructive  to  both ;  they 
do  therefore  heartily  disclaim  every  idea  of  that  spirit  of 
independence  which  has,  of  late,  hj  some  of  our  mistaken 
brethren  on  each  side  of  the  Atlantic,  been  so  ground- 
less!}' and  injuriously  held  up  to  the  attention  of  the 
nation,  as  having  through  ambition,  possessed  the  breasts 
of  the  Americans.  And  moreover  they  do  devoutly  be- 
seech the  Supreme  Disposer  of  all  events,  graciously  to 
incline  the  heart  of  our  Sovereign  and  all  his  Ministers, 
to  a  kind  and  impartial  investigation  of  the  real  senti- 
ments and  disposition  of  his  truly  loyal  American  sub- 
jects. 

"4th.  Notwithstanding  many  great  men  and  able 
writers  have  employed  their  talents  and  pens  in  favor  of 
the  newly  adopted  mode  of  taxatiou  in  America,  they  are 
yet  sensible  of  no  convictive  light  being  thrown  upon  the 
subject ;  and  therefore,  although  so  august  a  body  as  that 
of  the  British  Parliament  is  now  actually  endeavoring  to 
enforce  in  a  military  way,  the  execution  of  some  distress- 
ing edicts  upon  the  capital  of  the  Massachusetts  colony, 
they  do  freely  and  solemnly  declare  that  in  conscience 
the}-  deem  them,  and  all  others  that  are,  or  ever  may  be 
framed  upon  the  same  principles,  altogether  unprece- 
dented and  unconstitutional,  utterly  inconsistent  with  the 
true  original  intention  of  Magna  Charta,  subversive  of 
the  just  rights  of  free  born  Englishmen,  agreeable  and 
satisfactory  only  to  the  domestic  and  foreign  enemies  of 
our  nation,  and  consequently  pregnant  with  complicated 


CAUSES  OF  THE    REVOLUTION       PRINCIPLES    INVOLVED.     49 

ruin,  aiid  tending  directly  I"  the  dissolution  and  destruc- 
tion of  t be  r>ritisli  Empire. 

"5th.  As  they,  on  th  i  one  band  firmly  believe  thai 
the  inhabitants  of  the  Massachusetts  colony  in  general, 
and  thos  •  of  the  town  of  Boston  in  particular,  are  to  all 
intents  and  purposes  as  loyal  subjects  as  any  in  all  his 
Majesty's  widely  extended  dominions;  and  on  the  other, 
thai  (although  the  present  coercive  and  oppressive  meas- 
ures against  them  may  have  taken  rise  in  some  part 
from  tli"  gross  sst  and  most  cru  >]  misrepresentation  both 
of  their  disposition  and  conduct)  the  blockade  of  that 
town  is  principally  designed  to  lead  th  -  way  in  an  at- 
tempt to  execute  a  dreadful  deep  laid  plan  for  enslaving 
all  America.  They  are  therefore  clearly  of  opinion,  that 
the  Bostonians  are  now  eminently  suffering  in  the  com- 
mon cause  of  American  freedom,  and  that  their  fate  may 
probably  prove  decisive  to  this  very  extensive  continent 
and  even  to  the  whole  British  nation  ;  and  they  do  verily 
expect  that  unless  some  generous  spirited  measures  for 
the  public  safety  be  speedily  entered  into  and  steadily 
prosecuted,  every  other  colony  will  soon  in  turn  feel  the 
pernicious  effects  of  the  same  detestable  restrictions. 
Whence  they  earnestly  entreat  every  rank,  denomina- 
tion, society  and  profession  of  their  brethren,  that,  lay- 
ing aside  all  bigotry  and  every  party  disposition,  they  do 
now  universally  concur  in  one  generous  and  vigorous 
effort  for  the  encouragement  and  support  of  their  suffer- 
ing friends,  and  in  a  resolute  assertion  of  their  birth- 
right, liberties  and  privileges,  In  consequence  of  which 
they  may  reasonably  expect  a  speedy  repeal  of  all  the 
arbitrary  edicts  respecting  the  Massachusetts  govern- 
ment, and  at  the  same  time  an  effectual  preclusion  of  any 
future  attempts  of  the  kind  from  the  enemies  of  our 
happy  Constitution,  either  upon  them  or  any  of  their 
American  brethren. 

"  6th.  In  case  it  shall  hereafter  appear  to  be  con- 
sistent with  the  result  of  the  deliberation  of  the  general 
Congress,  that  an  interruption  or  entire  cessation  of 
commercial   intercourse    with    Great   Britain   and    even 


50  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

(painful  as  it  may  be)  with  the  West  Indies,  until  such 
oppressive  Acts  he  repealed  and  the  liberties  of  America 
fully  restored,  stated  and  asserted,  will  on  this  deplor- 
able emergency  be  really  necessary  and  conducive  to  the 
public  good,  they  promise  a  ready  acquiescence  in  every 
measure  and  will  recommend  the  same  as  far  as  their 
influence  extends. 

"7th.  As  a  general  Congress  of  Deputies  from  the 
several  American  Colonies  is  proposed  to  be  held  at 
Philadelphia  soon  in  September  next,  they  declare  their 
entire  approbation  of  the  design  and  think  it  is  the  only 
rational  method  of  evading  those  aggravated  evils  which 
threaten  to  involve  the  whole  continent  in  one  general 
calamitous  catastrophe.  They  are  therefore  met  this 
day,  vested  with  due  authority  from  their  respective  con- 
stituents, to  elect  a  committee  to  represent  this  county 
of  Monmouth  in  any  future  necessary  transactions  re- 
specting the  cause  of  liberty  and  especially  to  join  the 
Provincial  Convention  soon  to  be  held  at  New  Brunswick, 
for  the  purpose  of  nominating  and  constituting  a  number 
of  Delegates,  who  in  behalf  of  this  Colony  may  steadily 
attend  to  said  general  Congress  and  faithfully  serve  the 
laboring  cause  of  freedom  and  they  have  consequently 
chosen  and  deputed  the  following  gentlemen  to  that  im- 
portant trust  viz : 

Edward  Taylor  John  Anderson 

John  Taylor  Dr.  Nathaniel  Scudder 

John  Burro wes  John  Covenhoven 

Joseph  Holmes  Josiah  Holmes 

Edward  Williams  James  Grover 

John  Lawrence. 
•'Edward  Taylor  being  constituted  chairman  and  any 
five  of  them  a  sufficient  number  to  transact  business. 
And  they  do  beseech,  entreat,  instruct  and  enjoin  them 
to  give  their  voice  at  said  Provincial  Convention,  for  no 
persons  but  such  as  they  in  good  conscience  and  from 
the  best  information  shall  verily  believe  to  be  amply 
qualified  for  so  interesting  a  department;  particularly 
that  they  be  men  highly  approved  for  integrity,  honesty 


CAUSES   OF  THE    REVOLUTION      PBINCIPLES   LNVOLVED.     .".1 

and  uprightness,  faithfully  attached  to  his  Majesty's  per- 
son and  Lawful  government,  well  skilled  in  the  principles 
of  our  excellent  constitution  and  steady  assertors  of  all 
our  civil  and  religious  liberties. 

"8th.  As  under  the  present  operation  of  the  Boston 
Port  Bill,  thousands  of  our  respeefced  brethren  in  that 
town  must  necessarily  be  reduced  to  great  distress,  they 
feel  themselves  affected  with  the  sincerest  sympathy  and 
most  cordi.-d  commiseration;  and  as  they  expect,  under 
God,  that  the  final  deliverance  of  America  will  be  owing, 
in  a  greai  degree,  to  a  continuance  of  their  virtuous 
struggle,  they  esteem  themselves  hound  in  duty  and  in 
interest  to  afford  them  every  assistance  and  alleviation 
in  their  power  ;  and  they  do  now  in  belief  of  their  con- 
stituents, declare  their  readiness  to  contribute  to  the  re- 
lief of  the  suffering  poor  in  that  town  ;  therefore  they  re- 
quest the  several  committees  of  the  country,  when  met, 
to  take  into  serious  consideration  the  necessity  and  ex- 
pediency of  forwarding  under  a  sanction  from  them,  sub- 
scriptions through  every  part  of  the  Colony,  for  that 
truly  humane  and  laudable  purpose  ;  and  that  a  proper 
plan  be  concerted  for  laying  out  the  product  of  such  sub- 
scriptions to  the  best  advantage,  and  afterwards  trans- 
mitting it  to  Boston  in  the  safest  and  least  expensive 
way. 

"9th.  As  we  are  now  by  our  Committees  in  this,  in 
conjunction  with  those  of  other  colonies,  about  to  dele- 
gate to  a  number  of  our  countrymen  a  power  equal  to 
any  wherewith  human  nature  alone  was  ever  invested ; 
and  as  we  firmly  resolve  to  acquiesce  in  their  delibera- 
tions, we  do  therefore  earnestly  entreat  them,  seriously 
and  conscientiously  to  weigh  the  inexpressible  import- 
ance of  their  arduous  department,  and  fervently  to  solicit 
that  direction  and  assistance  in  the  discharge  of  their 
trust,  which  all  the  powers  of  humanity  cannot  afford 
them  ;  and  we  do  humbly  and  earnestly  beseech  that 
God,  in  whose  hand  are  the  hearts  of  all  flesh  and  who 
ruleth  them  at  his  pleasure,  graciously  to  infuse  into  the 
whole  Congress  a  spirit  of  true  wisdom,   prudence  and 


52  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

just  moderation ;  and  to  direct  them  to  such  unanimous 
and  happy  conclusion  as  shall  terminate  in  His  own 
honor  and  glory,  the  establishment  of  the  Protestant 
succession  of  the  illustrious  House  of  Hanover,  the 
mutual  weal  and  advantage  of  Great  Britain  and  all  her 
Dominions  and  a  just  and  permanent  confirmation  of  all 
the  civil  and  religious  liberties  of  America.  And  now 
lastly,  under  the  consideration  of  the  bare  possibility 
that  the  enemies  of  our  constitution  will  yet  succeed  in  a 
desperate  triumph  over  us  in  this  age,  we  do  earnestly 
(should  this  prove  the  case)  call  upon  all  future  genera- 
tions to  renew  the  glorious  struggle  for  liberty  as  often 
as  Heaven  shall  afford  them  any  probable  means  of  suc- 
cess. 

"  May  this  notification,  by  some  faithful  record,  be 
handed  down  to  the  yet  unborn  descendants  of  Ameri- 
cans, that  nothing  but  the  most  fatal  necessity  could 
have  wrested  the  present  inestimable  enjoyments  from 
their  ancestors.  Let  them  universally  inculcate  upon 
their  beloved  offspring  an  investigation  of  those  truths, 
respecting  both  civil  and  religious  liberty,  which  have 
been  so  clearly  and  fully  stated  in  this  generation.  May 
they  be  carefully  taught  in  all  their  schools  ;  and  may 
they  never  rest  until,  through  Divine  blessing  upon  their 
efforts,  true  freedom  and  liberty  shall  reign  triumphant 
over  the  whole  Globe. 

"  Signed  by  order  of  the  Committees, 

"Edward  Taylor  Chairman." 

BOSTON   GKATEFULLY   ACKNOWLEDGES  MON- 
MOUTH CONTRIBUTIONS. 


The  patriots  of  Monmouth  promptly  and  freely  con- 
tributed to  the  suffering  inhabitants  of  Boston.  In  for- 
warding their  first  contribution  "  they  entreated  their 
brethren  not  to  give  up,  and  if  they  should  want  a  further 
supply  of  bread  to  let  them  know  it." 

On  the  21st  of  October,  1774,  a  letter  was  written  on 
behalf  of  the  Bostonians,  to  the  citizens  of  Monmouth, 
in  which  they  say :  , 


BOSTON   ACKNOWLEDGES    MONMOUTH    CONTBIBUTIONS.      53 

"The  kind  and  generous  donations  of  the  (  'ounty  of 
Monmouth  iu  the  Jersies  we  are  now  to  acknowledge 
and  with  grateful  hearts  to  thank  you  therefor,  having 
received  from  the  Committee  of  said  county,  per  Captain 
Brown,  eleven  hundred  and  forty  (1140)  bushels  of  rye 
and  fifty  barrels  of  rye  meal,  for  the  suffering  poor  of 
this  town,  which  shall  be  applied  to  the  purpose  intended 
by  the  donors;  and  what  further  cheers  our  hearts,  is 
your  kind  assurances  of  a  further  supply,  if  necessary,  to 
enable  us  to  oppose  the  cruel  Parliamentary  Acts,  lev- 
elled not  onl}-  against  this  town,  but  our  whole  Consti- 
tution." 

"Committees  of  Observation  and  Inspection." 

"Freehold  December  10th  1774. 
"In  pursuance  of  the  recommendation  of  the  Con- 
tinental Congress   and  for  the  preservation  of  American 
Freedom,  a  respectable  body  of  the  freeholders  of  Free- 
hold township  met  at  the  Court  House  and  unanimously 
elected  the  following  gentlemen  to  act  as  a  Committee  of 
Observation  and  Inspection  for  said  township : 
John  Anderson  Hendrick  Smock 

John  Forman  John  Covenhoven 

Asher  Holmes  Dr.  Nath'l  Scudder 

Peter  Forman  David  Forman 

Dr.  T.  Henderson. 
"The  committee  were  instructed  by  their  constitu- 
ents to  carry  into  execution  the  several  important  and 
salutary  measures  pointed  out  to  them  by  the  Continental 
Congress  and  without  favor  or  affection  to  make  all  such 
diligent  inquiry  as  shall  be  found  conducive  to  the  ac- 
complishment of  the  great  necessary  purposes  held  up  to 
the  attention  of  Americans." 

Upper  Freehold,  Dover  and  Middletown  formed  simi- 
lar committees,  and  notified  the  Freehold  committee. 

Shrewsbury  however  failed  to  appoint  a  committee. 
This  may  have  been  owing  to  the  prevalence  of  Quaker 
principles  in  the  township.  An  attempt  by  the  patriots 
of  Shrewsbury  was  made  to  have  a  Committee  appointed, 


5-4  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

as  will  be   seen  by  the  following  copy  of  an   advertise- 
ment put  up  in  this  township  : 

"Advertisement. 

"Shrewsbury  January  2nd  177."). 

"Agreeable  to  the  Resolutions  of  the  late  General 
Continental  Congress — The  Inhabitants  of  the  town  of 
Shrewsbury,  more  especially  such  as  are  properly  quali- 
fied for  choosing  Representatives  to  serve  in  the  General 
Assembly  are  hereby  warned  to  meet  at  the  house  of 
Josiah  Halstead,  in  said  Shrewsbury,  on  Tuesday  the 
17th  of  this  instant  January  at  noon,  in  order  to  choose 
a  Committee  for  the  several  purposes  as  directed  by  the 
said  ('(ingress. 

,-As  the  method  ordered  by  the  Congress  seems  to 
be  the  only  peaceable  method  the  case  will  admit  of,  on 
failure  of  which  either  comtirmed  Slavery  or  a  civil  war 
of  course  succeeds ;  the  bare  mention  of  either  of  the  two 
last  is  shocking  to  human  nature,  more  particularly  so  to 
all  true  friends  of  the  English  Constitution. 

"Therefore  it  becomes  the  indispensable  duty  of  all 
such  to  use  their  utmost  endeavors  in  favor  of  the  first 
or  peaceable  method,  and  suffer  it  not  to  miscarry  or  fail 
of  its  salutary  and  much  desired  effects  by  means  of  any 
sinister  views  or  indolence  of  theirs.  Surely  expecting 
on  the  one  hand  to  be  loaded  with  the  curses  arising 
from  slavery  to  the  latest  posterity,  or  on  the  other  hand 
the  guilt  of  blood  of  thousands  of  their  brethren  and 
fellow  Christians  to  lay  at  their  door  and  to  be  justly 
required  at  their  hands. 

''Think  well  of  this  before  it  be  too  late  and  let  not 
the  precious  moments  pass. 

A  number  of  the  citizens  of  Shrewsbury  assembled 
at  the  time  and  place  mentioned  in  the  advertisement 
but  they  failed  to  appoint  a  committee.  The  following 
shows  the  conclusion  to  which  the  meeting  came.  It 
concludes  more  like  a  Quaker  Meeting  epistle  than 
a  town  meeting  resolve  : 
"Extract    from  a    letter   to  a  gentleman   in    New   York 

dated  Shrewsbury  X.  J.  January  18th  1775. 


BOSTON    ACKNOWLEDGES    MONMOUTH    CONTRIBUTIONS.      55 

"Iii  consequence  of  an  anonymous  advertisement 
fixed  up  in  this  place,  giving  notice  to  freeholders  and 
others,  to    meet    on    Tuesday  the   17th    inst.  in   order  to 

cllOOSe  a   ('<  ill!  Ill  it  tee  of  I  lispect  ioll,  etc.,  between  thirty  and 

forty  of  the  most  respectable  freeholders  accordingly 
met  and  after  a  few  debates  od  the  business  of  the  day, 
which  were  carried  on  with  great  decency  and  modera- 
tion it  was  generally  agreed  (there  being  only  four  or  five 
dissenting  votes)  that  the  appointment  of  a  committee 
was  not  only  useless,  but  they  were  apprehensive  would 
prove  a  means  of  disturbing  the  peace  and  quietness 
which  had  hitherto  existed  in  the  township,  and  would 
continue  to  use  their  utmost  endeavors  to  preserve  and 
to  guard  against  running  upon  that  rock  on  which,  with 
much  concern,  they  beheld  others,  through  an  inatten- 
tive rashness,  daily  splitting." 

The  Freehold  Committee  of  Observation  and  Inspec- 
tion at  a  meeting  held  March  17th,  1775,  took  up  the  case 
of  Shrewsbury  township,  and  after  stating  the  subject  in 
a  preamble  they  resolved  that  from  and  after  that  day 
they  would  esteem  and  treat  the  citizens  of  Shrewsbury 
as  enemies  to  their  King  and  country  and  deserters  of 
the  common  cause  of  Freedom ;  and  would  break  off  all 
dealings  and  connections  with  them  "unless  they  shall 
turn  from  the  evil  of  their  ways  and  testify  their  repent- 
ance by  adopting  the  measures  of  Congress." 

The  New  Jersey  Provincial  Legislature,  in  May  fol- 
lowing, authorized  other  townships  to  appoint  delegates 
for  Shrewsbury,  but  the  same  month  the  refractory  town- 
ship, as  will  be  seen  by  the  following,  chose  delegates 
and  also  a  committee  of  Observation,  and  so  the  un- 
l^leasantness  ended. 

Shrewsbury  Falls  Into  Line. 

"  At  a  meeting  of  Freeholders  and  Inhabitants  of  the 
the  township  of  Shrewsbury  this  27th  day  of  May  1775, 
the  following  persons  were  by  a  great  majority,  chosen  a 
committee  of  observation  for  the  said  town  agreeable  to 


56  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

the  direction  of  the  General  Continental  Congress  held  at 
Philadelphia  September  5th,  1774  viz. 
Josiah  Holmes  John  Little 

Jos.  Throckmorton  Samuel  Longstreet 

Nicholas  Van  Brunt  David  Knott 

Cor.  Vanderveer  Benjamin  Dennis 

Daniel  Hendrickson  Samuel  Breese 

Thomas  Morford  Garret  Longstreet 

Cornelius  Lane. 
"  Ordered :  That  Daniel  Hendrickson  and  Nicholas 
Van  Brunt,  or  either  of  them,  do  attend  the  Provincial 
Congress  now  setting  at  Trenton,  with  full  power  to  rep- 
resent there,  this  town  of  Shrewsbury.  And  that  Josiah 
Holmes,  David  Knott  and  Samuel  Breese  be  a  sub-com- 
mittee to  prepare  instructions  for  the  Deputy  or  Depu- 
ties who  are  to  attend  the  Congress  at  Trenton. 

"  Josiah  Holmes  was  unanimously  chosen  chairman. 

Josiah  Holmes. 
"  Chairman  and  Town  Clerk." 

Freehold  Patriots  Indignant. — Novel  Proceedings. 

March  6th,  1775. 

A  Tory  pamphlet  entitled  "  Free  Thoughts  on  the 
Resolves  of  Congress  ly  A.  W.  Farmer"  was  handed  to 
the  Freehold  Committee  of  Observation  and  Inspection 
for  their  opinion.  The  committee  declared  it  to  be  most 
pernicious  and  malignant  in  its  tendencies  and  calculated 
to  sap  the  foundation  of  American  liberty.  The  pamphlet 
was  handed  back  to  their  constituents  who  gave  it  a  coat 
of  tar  and  turkey  buzzard's  feathers,  one  person  remark- 
ing that  "  although  the  feathers  were  plucked  from  the 
most  stinking  of  fowls,  he  thought  it  fell  far  short  of 
being  a  proper  emblem  of  the  author's  odiousness  to  the 
friends  of  freedom  and  he  wished  he  had  the  pleasure  of 
giving  the  author  a  coat  of  the  same  material." 

The  pamphlet  in  its  gorgeous  attire  was  then  nailed 
to  the  pillory  post. 

The  same  committee  severely  denounced  a  Tory 
pamphlet  written  by  James  Bivington,  editor  of  Riving- 


BOSTON    ACKNOWLEDGES    MONMOUTH    CONTRIBUTIONS.       57 

ton's  Royal  Gazette,  the  Tory   paper,    printed  in  New 

Y«»rk. 

By  the  following  resolves  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
citizens  of  Upper  Freehold  favored  arming  the  people  if 

necessary,  to  oppose  the  tyrannical  acts  ofGreat  Britain. 
A  striking  illustration  of  the  stirring  events  of  that  peril- 
ous time  is  found  in  the  fact  that  before  a  year  had 
elapsed  sonic  of  the  prominent  men  in  this  meeting  were 
aiding  Great  Britain  to  the  best  of  their  ability  by  voice, 
pen,  or  sword  : 

Upper  Freehold  Resolutions. 

"  May  4th  1775.  This  day,  agreeable  to  previous 
notice  a  very  considerable  number  of  the  principal  in- 
habitants of  this  township  met  at  Imlaystown. 

"John  Lawrence  Esq.  in  the  chair:  When  the  fol- 
lowing resolves  were  unanimously  agreed  to  : 

"  Resolved,  That  it  is  our  first  wish  to  live  in  unison 
with  Great  Britain,  agreeable  to  the  principles  of  the 
Constitution  ;  that  we  consider  the  unnatural  civil  war 
which  we  are  about  to  be  forced  into,  with  anxiety  and 
distress  but  that  we  are  determined  to  oppose  the  novel 
claim  of  the  Parliament  of  Great  Britain  to  raise  a 
revenue  in  America  and  risk  every  possible  consequence 
rather  than  to  submit  to  it. 

"  Resolved.  That  it  appears  to  this  meeting  that 
there  are  a  sufficient  number  of  arms  for  the  people. 

"  Resolved.  That  a  sum  of  money  be  now  raised  to 
purchase  what  further  quantity  of  Powder  and  Ball  may 
be  necessary  ;  and  it  is  reccom mended  that  every  man 
capable  of  bearing  arms  enter  into  Companies  to  train, 
and  be  prepared  to  march  at  a  minute's  warning  ;  and  it 
is  further  recommended  to  the  people  that  they  do  not 
waste  their  powder  in  fowling  and  hunting. 

"  A  subscription  was  opened  and  one  hundred  and 
sixty  pounds  instantly  paid  into  the  hands  of  a  person 
appointed  for  that  purpose.  The  officers  of  four  com- 
panies were  then  chosen  and  the  meeting  broke  up  in 
perfect  unanimity. 

"Elisha  Lawrence,  Clerk." 


00  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

INDIAN    CLAIMS    IN   MONMOUTH,  OCEAN    AND 
VICINITY. 


The  last  lands  in  Old  Monmouth  claimed  by  the 
Indians  were  described  in  certain  papers,  powers  of  at- 
torney, &c,  presented  to  a  conference  between  the 
whites  and  Indians  held  at  Crosswicks,  N.  J.,  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1758,  For  several  years  previous  the  Indians  had 
expressed  much  dissatisfaction  because  they  had  not  re- 
ceived pay  for  several  tracts  of  land,  some  of  them  of 
considerable  extent  in  Monmouth  and  other  counties. 
When  the  ill  feeling  of  the  Indians  became  apparent,  the 
Legislature  appointed  commissioners  to  examine  into  the 
causes  of  dissatisfaction.  Several  conferences  wore  held 
at  Crosswicks,  Burlington,  Easton,  Pa.,  &c,  between  the 
commissioners  and  the  representatives  of  several  Indian 
tribes  with  reference  to  the  lands,  and  satisfactory  set- 
tlements made. 

In  the  year  1678,  a  claim  was  brought  by  the 
Indians  against  Richard  Hartshorne,  an  early  set- 
tler of  old  Monmouth,  who  had  previously  bought  of 
them  Sandy  Hook,  and  lands  around  the  Highlands.  In 
that  year,  to  prevent  their  trespassing  upon  his  lands,  he 
had  to  pay  them  to  relinquish  their  claims  to  hunt,  fish, 
fowl,  and  gather  beach  plums.  The  following  is  a  copy 
of  the  agreement: 

"The  8th  of  August,  1678.  Whereas  the  Indians  pre- 
tend that  formerly,  when  they  sold  all  the  laud  upon  Sandy 
Hook,  they  did  not  sell,  or  did  except  liberty  to  plums, 
or  to  say  the  Indians  should  have  liberty  to  go  on  Sandy 
Hook,  to  get  plum-;  when  the  please,  and  to  hunt  upon 
the  land,  and  fish,  and  to  tak3  dry  trees  that  suited  them 
for  cannows.  Now  know  all  men  by  these  presents,  that 
I,  Richard  Hartshorne,  of  Portland,  in  the  county  of 
Monmouth,  in  East  Jersey,  for  peace  and  quietness  sake, 
and  to  the  end  there  may  be  no  cause  of  trouble  with 
the  Indians  and  that  I  may  not  for  the  future  have  any 
trouble  with  them  as  formerly  I  had,  in  their  dogs  kill- 
ing my  sheep,  and  their  hunting  on  my  lands,  and  their 
fishing,  I  have  agreed  as  folio weth  : 


INMAN    (I.M.Ms    IN    MONMOl    III,    OCEAN    AM>    \lrlMIV      5'J 

"These  presents  writnesseth,  that  I,  Vowavapon, 
Hendricks,  fche  Indians  sonn,  haying  all  the  liberty  and 
privileges  of  pluming  on  Sandy  Hook,  hunting,  fishing, 
fowling,  getting  cannows  &c,  by  these  presents,  give 
grant,  bargain,  sell,  unto  Richard  Hartshorne,  his  heirs 
and  assigns  forever,  all  the  liberty  and  privilege  of  plum- 
big,  fishing,  fowling,  and  hunting,  and  howsoever  re- 
served and  excepted  by  the  Indians  tor  him,  the  said 
Richard  Hartshorne,  his  heirs  and  assigns, to  have,  hold, 
possess,  and  enjoy  forever,  to  say  that  no  Indian,  or  In- 
dians, shall  or  hath  no  pretense  to  lands  or  timber,  or 
liberty,  privileges  on  no  pretense  whatsoever  on  ,ui\ 
part  a  parcell  of  land,  belonging  to  the  said  Richard 
Hartshorne,  to  say  Sandy  Hook  or  land  adjoining  to  it, 
in  consideration  the  said  Hartshorne,  hath  paid  unto  the 
said  Vowavapon,  thirteen  shillings  money:  and  I  the 
said  Vowavapon,  do  acknowledge  to  have  received  thir- 
teen shillings  by  these  presents.  Witness  my  hand  and 
seal. 

"  Vowavapon  X  his  mark 
"  Tocus  X  his  mark. 

"  Signed,  sealed  arid  delivered  in  the  presence  of 

John  Stout." 

Having  delivered  their  claims  to  the  Commission- 
ers, the  Indians  present  executed  a  power  of  attorney  to 
Tom  Store,  Moses  Totamy,  Stephen  Calvin.  Isaac  Still 
and  John  Pompshire,  or  the  major  part  of  them,  to 
transact  all  future  business  with  the  state  government 
respecting  lands. 

In  1757  the  government  had  appropriated  £1,600  to 
purchase  a  release  of  Indian  claims;  one-half  to  belaid  out 
in  purcdiasing  a  settlement  for  the  Indians  on  the  south 
side  of  the  Raritan,  whereon  they  might  reside  ;  the  other 
half  to  purchase  latent  claims  of  hack  Indians  not  resi- 
dent in  the  province.  At  the  conference  at  Easton,  in 
October,  1758,  it  was  decided  to  purchase  a  tract  of  land 
in  Evesham  township,  Burlington,  containing  over  3,000 
acres,  for  the  Indians  to  locate  upon.  There  was  there 
a    sawmill    and   cedar    swamp   and    satisfactory   hunting 


60  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

ground.     The  Indians  soon  r»  imo^  ed  to  this  reservation, 

named  Brotherton ;  in  removing  their  buildings  they  were 
assisted  by  government.  A  house  of  worship  and  several 
dwellings  were  soon  put  up. 

In  1765,  it  is  said,  there  were  about  sixty  persons 
settled  there. 

About  the  last  remnant  of  Indians  remaining  in  our 
state,  sold  their  lands  to  the  whites  about  1801,  and  the 
year  following  removed  to  New  Stoekbridge,  near  Oaeida 
Lake,  New  York,  from  whence,  about  1824,  they  removed 
to  Michigan,  where  they  purchased  a  tract  of  land  of  the 
Menoinonie  Indians,  on  both  sides  of  the  Fox  river  near 
Green  Bay. 

In  1832,  the  New  Jersey  tribe,  reduced  to  less  than 
forty  souls,  delegated  one  of  their  number  named  Bar- 
tholomew 8.  Calvin,  to  visit  Trenton  and  apply  to  our 
Legislature  for  remuneration  for  hunting  and  fishing 
privileges  on  unenclosed  lands,  which  they  alleged  had 
not  been  sold  with  the  land.  Calvin  was  an  aged  man 
who  had  been  educated  at  Princeton,  where  he  was  at 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution  when  he  joined  the 
American  army.  The  claim,  so  unusual,  was  met  in  a 
spirit  of  kindness  by  our  Legislature,  who  directed  the 
State  Treasurer  to  pay  to  the  agent  of  the  Indians,  the 
sum  of  two  thousand  dollars,  thus  satisfactorily  and  hon- 
orably extinguishing  the  last  claim  the  Indians  brought 
against  our  state.  Hon.  Samuel  L.  Southard,  at  the  close 
of  a  speech  made  at  the  time,  said:  "It  was  a  proud  fact 
in  the  history  of  New  Jersey,  that  every  foot  of  her  soil 
had  been  obtained  from  the  Indians  by  fair  and  volun- 
tary purchase  and  transfer,  a  fact  that  no  other  state  of 
the  Union,  not  even  the  land  which  bears  the  name  of 
Penn,  can  boast." 

MEMBERS   OF  THE   NEW  JERSEY   PROVINCIAL 
ASSEMBLY  FROM  MONMOUTH  COUNTY. 


FROM  THEIR  FIRST    SESSION    BEGAN    NOVEMBER  10TH,  1703,  AT 
TERTH  AMBOY,  TO  THE  REVOLUTION. 

In  the  list  of  members  of  the  Assemblv,  or  "House 


MEMBERS   OF   THE    M'.W   JERSEY    PROVINCIAL   ASSEMBLY.    61 

of  Representatives  of  the  Province  of  Nova  Cesarea  or 
New  Jersey,"  from  17<>:!  to  17<>'.>,  daring  which  time  there 
were  four  sessions,  the  names  of  the  comities  to  which 
they  severally  belonged  are  not  given.  The  records  sim- 
ply  mention  that  they  are  from  East  or  West  Jersey  as 
the  case  may  be.  Among  the  members  from  East  Jersey 
it  is  probable  that  the  following  are  from  Monmouth 
County: 

1st  Assembly,  1703,  Obadiah  Bowne,  Richard  Hartshorne. 

,-, ,  ,r„,    \  Richard  Hartshorne,  John  Bowne, 

2d  1/U4,  -i 

(  Richard  Salter,  Obadiah  Bowne. 

.. ,         ,,  1707   j  John  Bowne,  William  Lawrence, 

i  Lewis  Morris. 

4th       "  1708-9,  Gershom  Mott,  Elisha  Lawrence. 

After  this  session  the  names  of  the  counties  to  which 
the  members  belonged  are  given. 

5th  Assembly,  1705),  Elisha  Lawrence,  Gersham  Mott. 

6th  "  1710,  Gershom  Mott,  William  Lawrence, 

7th,  "  1716,  William  Lawrence,  Elisha  Lawrence. 

8th,  "  1721,  William  Lawrence,  Garret  Schenck. 

9th,  "  1727,  John  Eaton,  James  Grover. 

10th,  "  1730,  John  Eaton,  James  Grover. 

11th,  "  1738,  John  Eaton,  Cornelius  Vandervere. 

12th,  "  1740,  John  Eaton,  Cornelius  Vandervere. 

13th,  "  1743,  John  Eaton,  Robert  Lawrence. 

14th,  "  1744,  John  Eaton,  Robert  Lawrence. 

15th,  "  1745,  John  Eaton,  Robert  Lawrence. 

16th,  "  1746,  John  Eaton,  Robert  Lawrence. 

17th,  "  1749,  John  Eaton,  Robert  Lawrence. 

18th,  "  1751,  Robert  Lawrence,  James  Holmes. 

19th,  "  1754,  Robert  Lawrence,  James  Holmes. 

20th,  "  1761,  James  Holmes,*  Richard  Lawrence. 

21st,  "  1769,  Robert  Hartshorne,  Edward  Taylor. 

23d  "  1772,  Edward  Taylor,  Richard  Lawrence. 

Robert  Lawrence  was  speaker  of  the  Assembly  in 
1746-7,  and  again  from  1754-1758. 

THE  PROVINCIAL  CONGRESS  OF  NEW  JERSEY. 

The  delegates  appointed  by  the  several  counties  to 
take  action  in  regard  to  the  tyrannical  acts  of  Great 
Britain,  assembled   at   New  Brunswick,  July  21st,  1774, 


♦James  Holmes  died  and  John  Anderson  was  chosen  in  his  place. 


62  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

and  continued  in  session  three  days.  Seventy-two  dele- 
gates were  present.  The  following  had  been  elected 
from  Monmouth  county  by  a  meeting  held  at  Freehold 
Court  House,  July  lllth,  viz: 

Edward  Taylor,  John  Anderson,  John  Taylor, 

James  Grover,  John  Lawrence,  Dr.  Nath'l  Scudder, 

John  Burrowes,  Joseph  Holmes,  Josiah  Holmes, 

Edward  Williams. 

Edward  Taylor  was  appointed  chairman  of  the  dele- 
gation. The  Provincial  Congress  elected  Stephen  Crane, 
of  Essex,  Chairman,  and  Jonathan  D.  Sargent,  of  Som- 
erset, clerk.  Resolutions  were  passed  similar  in  char- 
acter to  those  adopted  by  the  Monmouth  meeting. 

EARLY  HISTORY  OF  OLD  MONMOUTH. 


TRAVELING  TWO  CENTURIES  AGO — CROSSING  THE  STATE  IN 
ANCIENT  TIMES — PERILOUS  TRAVELING — INDIAN  HOTELS 
AND    HOSPITALITIES,  AC. 

It  is  doubtful  if  any  more  ancient  accounts  of  travel- 
ing across  New  Jersey  can  be  found  than  the  following, 
extracted  from  the  journals  of  John  Burnyeate  and 
George  Fox,  distinguished  members  of  the  Society  of 
Friends  ;  in  company  with  them  were  Robert  Withers, 
George  Patison  and  others,  some  of  whom  returned  by 
the  same  route  a  few  months  afterwards.  These  noted 
Quaker  preachers  left  Maryland  in  the  latter  part  of  Feb- 
ruary, Ki72,  and  arrived  at  New  Castle,  Delaware,  about 
the  first  of  March.  From  thence  Burnyeate  gives  the 
following  account  of  their  journey  across  the  State  to 
Middletown: 

"We  staid  there  (New  Castle)  that  night,  and  the 
next  day  we  got  over  the  river  (Delaware).  When  we 
got  over  we  could  not  get  an  Indian  for  a  guide,  and  the 
Dutchman  we  had  hired  would  not  go  without  an  Indian, 
so  we  were  forced  to  stay  there  that  day.  The  next  day 
we  rode  about  to  seek  an  Indian,  but  could  get  none  to 
go ;  but  late  in  the  evening  there  came  some  from  the 
other  side  of  the  town,  and  we  hired  one,  and  so  began 
our  journeying  early  the  next  morning  to  travel  through 


EARL'S    IIISToKY    OF    OLD    Ml  INMOI   I  II.  63 

the  country,  which  is  now  called  New  Jersey  ;  and  we 
travelled  we  supposed  nearly  40  miles.  In  the  evening 
we  got  to  a  few  Indian  wigwams,  which  are  their  houses  : 
we  saw  no  man,  nor  woman,  house  nor  dwelling,  thai 
day,  for  there  dwelt  no  English  in  that  country  then. 

•'  We  Lodged  that  night  in  an  Indian  wigwam,  and 
lay  upon  the  ground  as  the  Indians  themselves  did,  and 
the  Dext  day  we  travelled  through  several  of  their  towns, 
and  they  were  kind  to  ns,  and  helped  us  over  the  creeks 
with  their  canoes;  we  made  our  horses  swim  at  the  sides 
of  the  canoes,  and  so  travelled  on.  Towards  evening  we 
got  to  an  Indian  town,  and  when  we  had  put  our  horses 
out  to  grass  we  went  to  the  Indian  King's  house,  who  re- 
ceived us  kindly,  and  showed  us  very  civil  respect.  But 
alas!  he  was  so  poorly  provided,  having  got  so  little  that 
day,  that  most  of  us  could  neither  get  to  eat  or  drink  in 
his  wigwam;  but  it  was  because  he  had  it  not — so  we 
lay  as  well  as  he,  upon  the  ground — only  a  mat  under  us, 
and  a  piece  of  wood  or  any  such  thing  under  our  heads. 
Next  morning  early  we  took  horse  and  travelled  through 
several  Indian  towns,  and  that  night  we  lodged  in  the 
woods ;  and  the  next  morning  got  to  an  English  planta- 
tion, a  town  called  Middletown,  in  East  Jersey,  where 
there  was  a  plantation  of  English  and  several  Friends, 
and  we  came  down  with  a  Friend  to  his  house  near  the 
water-side,  and  he  carried  us  over  in  his  boat  and  our 
horses  to  Long  Island.'' 

It  is  impossible  to  read  the  accounts  of  travelling  at 
this  early  period  without  being  forcibly  reminded  of  the 
contrast  in  traveling  then  and  now.  Many  of  the  Quaker 
preachers  speak  of  crossing  streams  in  frail  Indian  ca- 
noes, with  their  horses  swimming  by  their  side  ;  and  one, 
the  fearless,  zealous  John  Richardson,  (so  noted  among 
other  things  for  his  controversies  with  "the  apostate 
George  Keith")  in  substance  recommends,  in  traveling 
across  New  Jersey,  "  for  safety,  travellers'  horses  should 
have  long  tails."  The  reason  for  this  singular  sugges- 
tion was  that  in  crossing  streams  the  frail  canoes  were 
often  capsized,  and  if  the  traveller  could  not  swim,  he 


64  HISTOBI    OF    MONMOUTH    AM-    0<  EAN    C<  H'N'I  Il>. 

might  probably  preserve  his  life  by  grasping  his  horse's 
tail.  Mr.  Richardson  describes  how  one  man's  life  was 
preserved  by  this  novel  life  preserver;  in  this  case  the 
life-preserver  being  the  long  tail  of  Mr.  R.s  own  horse; 
and  in  commenting  upon  it  he  quaintly  observes  "  that 
he  always  approved  horses"  tails  being  long  in  crossing 
rivers." 

Long  before  Fox  and  Biirnyeate  crossed  the  state. 
the  white-.,  particularly  the  Dutch,  frequently  crossed 
onr  state  by  Indian  paths,  in  going  to  and  fro  between 
the  settlements  on  the  Delaware  and  New  Amsterdam 
New  York),  though  they  have  left  but  meagre  accounts 
of  their  journeyings,  and  there  are  strong  probabilities 
that  the  Dutch  from  New  Amsterdam,  after  furs  and 
marching  for  minerals,  crossed  the  stata  as  far  as  Burl- 
ington Island.  Trenton,  and  points  far  up  the  Del- 
aware from  forty  to  fifty  years  before  the  trip  of  these 
Quaker  preachers. 

That  their  journeyings  were  not  always  safe,  is  shown 
in  the  following  extract  of  a  letter  written  by  Jacob  Al- 
ricks,  September  20th,  1669  : 

"  The  Indians  have  again  killed  three  or  four  Dutch- 
men, and  no  person  can  go  through ;  one  messenger  who 
was  eight  days  out  returned  without  accomplishing  his 
pnrp 

The  next  day  he  writes : 

I  liave  sent  off  rnes-enger  after  messenger  to  the 
Manhattans  overland,  but  no  one  can  get  through,  as  the 
Indians  there  have  again  killed  four  Dutchmen. 

At  the  time  of  writing  these  letters  Alricks  resided 
in  Delaware,  and  they  were  addressed  to  the  Dutch  au- 
thorities at  New  York. 

TRADITIONARY  STORIES  OF  THE  INDIANS. 


Of  the  different  accounts  by  ancient  writers  of  the 
manners  and  customs  of  the  Indians  of  our  part  of  the 
State  and  West  Jersey,  about  the  clearest  and  most 
readable  is  by  the  celebrated  Swedish  traveller,  Professor 


TRADITIONARY    STORIE8   OF   THE    [NDIAN8.  65 

Calm,  \\!k>  visited   our  State   in   1748,  and    from   whose 
writings  tin'  following  extracts  are  taken  : 

[NDIAN    MODE   OF    FELLING    TREES. 

When  the  Indians  iui  snded  to  fall  a  thick,  strong 
tree,  they  conld  not  make  use  of  their  clumsy  stone 
hatchets,  and  for  want  of  proper  instruments,  employed 
fire.  They  set  fire  to  a  great  quantity  of  wood  at  the 
root  of  the  tree,  and  made  it  fall  by  that  means.  But 
that  the  fire  might  not  reach  higher  than  they  would 
have  it,  they  fastened  some  rags  on  a  pole,  dipped  them 
in  water,  and  kept  constantly  wetting  the  tree  a  little 
above  the  fire. 

MAKING  CAXUES — A  SERIOUS  TASK. 
Whenever  the  Indians  intend  to  hollow  out  a  thick 
tree  for  a  canoe,  they  lay  dry  branches  all  along  the  stem 
of  the  trees  as  far  as  it  must  be  hollowed  out.  Then  they 
put  fire  to  these  dry  branches,  and  as  soon  as  they  are 
burned  out,  they  are  replaced  by  others.  AVhile  these 
branches  are  burning,  the  Indians  are  very  busy  with  wet 
rags  and  pouring  water  upon  the  tree  to  prevent  the  fire 
from  spreading  too  far  in  at  the  sides  and  at  the  ends. 
The  tree  being  burnt  hollow  as  far  as  they  found  it 
sufficient,  or  as  far  as  it  could  without  damaging  the 
canoe,  they  took  their  stone  hatchets,  or  sharp  flints,  or 
sharp  shells,  and  scraped  off  the  burnt  part  of  the  wood, 
and  smoothed  the  boat  within.  By  this  means  they  like- 
wise gave  it  what  shape  they  pleased ;  instead  of  using  a 
hatchet  they  shaped  it  by  fire.  A  good  sized  canoe  was 
commonly  thirty  or  forty  feet  long. 

PREPARING  LAND  FOR  CORN— RUDE  FARMING. 

The  chief  use  of  their  hatchets  was  to  make  fields 
for  maize  plantations ;  for  if  the  ground  where  they  in- 
tended to  make  corn  fields  was  covered  with  trees,  they 
cut  off  the  bark  all  around  the  trees  with  their  hatchets, 
especially  at  a  time  when  they  lose  their  sap.  By  that 
means,  the  trees  became  dry  and  could  not  partake  any 
more  nourishment,  and  the  leaves  could  uo  longer 
obstruct  the  rays  of  the  sun.    The  small  trees  were  pulled 


66  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

out  by  force,  and  the  ground  was  a  little  turned  up  with 
crooked  or  sharp  branches. 

MAKING    FLOUR — INDIANS    ASTONISHED. 

Thev  had  stone  pestles  about  a  foot  long  and  as  thick 
as  a  man's  arm,  for  pounding  maize,  which  was  their 
chief  and  only  corn.  They  pounded  all  their  corn  in 
hollow  trees  ;  some  Indians  had  only  wooden  pestles. 
They  had  neither  wind  mills,  water  mills,  nor  hand  mills 
to  grind  it,  and  did  not  so  much  as  know  a  mill  before  the 
Europeans  came  to  this  country.  I  have  spoken  with 
old  Frenchmen  in  Canada,  who  told  me  the  Indians  had 
been  astonished  beyond  expression,  when  the  French  set 
up  the  first  wind  mill.  They  came  in  numbers  even 
from  the  most  distant  parts  to  view  this  wonder,  and 
were  not  tired  with  sitting  near  it  for  several  days  to- 
gether, in  order  to  observe  it ;  they  were  long  of  opinion 
that  it  was  not  driven  by  wind,  but  by  spirits  who  lived 
within  it.  They  were  partly  under  the  same  astonish- 
ment when  the  first  water  mill  was  built. 

TOOLS    OF   THE    INDIANS. 

Before  the  coming  of  the  Europeans,  the  Indians 
were  entirely  unacquainted  with  the  use  of  iron.  They 
were  obliged  to  supply  the  want  with  sharp  stones, 
shells,  claws  of  birds  and  wild  beasts,  pieces  of  bone  and 
other  things  of  that  kind,  whenever  they  intended  to 
make  hatchets,  knives  and  such  like  instruments.  From 
whence  it  appears  they  must  have  led  a  very  wretched 
life.  Their  hatches  were  made  of  stone,  in  shape  similar 
to  that  of  wedges  used  to  cleave  wood,  about  half  a  foot 
long,  and  broad  in  proportion  ;  they  are  rather  blunter 
than  our  wedges.  As  this  hatchet  must  be  fixed  with  a 
handle,  there  was  a  notch  made  all  around  the  thick  end. 
To  fasten  it,  they  split  a  stick  at  one  end,  and  put  the 
stone  between  it,  s«>  that  the  two  halves  of  the  stick  came 
into  the  notches  of  the  stone  ;  then  they  tied  the  two 
split  ends  together  with  a  rope  or  something  like  it, 
almost  in  the  same  way  as  smiths  fasten  the  instruments 
with  which  they  cut  off  iron,  to  a  split  stick.     Some  of 


INDIAN    WILT,.  67 

these  stone  hatchets  were  Dot  aotched  «>r  furrowed  at  the 
upper  end,  and  it  seems  that  they  only  held  these  to  theii 
hands  to  hew  or  strike  with  them,  and  did  not  make 
handles  to  them.  Some  were  made  of  hard  rock  or 
stone.     Fish  hooks  were  made  of  bones  or  birds'  daws. 

INDIAN  WILL. 


\N    ECCENTRIC    ABORIGINAL  OF   THE   SHORE. 

In  days  gone  by,  the  singular  character  and  eccen- 
tric acts  of  the  noted  Indian  Will  formed  the  theme  of 
many  a  fireside  story  among  our  ancestors,  many  of 
which  are  still  remembered  by  older  citizens.  Some  of 
the  traditionary  incidents  given  below  differ  in  some  par- 
ticulars, but  we  give  them  as  related  to  us  many  years 
ago  by  old  residents.  Indian  Will  was  evidently  quite  a 
traveler,  and  well  known  from  Barnegat  almost  to  the 
Highlands.  At  Forked  River,  it  is  said  lie  often  visited 
Samuel  Chamberlain  on  the  ueck  of  land  between  the 
north  and  middle  branches,  and  was  generally  followed 
by  a  pack  of  lean,  hungry  dogs  which  he  kept  to  defend 
himself  from  his  Indian  enemies.  The  following  tradi- 
tion was  published  in  1842,  by  Howe,  in  Historical  Col- 
lections of  New  Jersey  : 

"  About  the  year  1670,  the  Indians  sold  out  the  sec- 
tion of  country  near  Eatontown  to  Lewis  Morris  for  a 
barrel  of  cider,  and  emigrated  to  Crosswicks  and  Cran- 
bury.  One  of  them,  called  Indian  Will,  remained,  and 
dwelt  in  a  wigwam  between  Tintou  Falls  and  Swimmine 
River.  His  tribe  were  in  consequence  exasperated,  and 
at  various  times  sent  messengers  to  kill  him  in  single 
combat ;  but,  being  a  brave,  athletic  man,  he  always 
came  off  conqueror.  One  day  while  partaking  of  a 
breakfast  of  suppawn  and  milk  with  a  silver  spoon  at  Mr. 
Eaton's,  he  casually  remarked  that  he  knew  where  there 
were  plenty  of  such.  They  promised  that  if  he  would 
bring  them,  they  would  give  him  a  red  coat  and  cocked 
hat.  In  a  short  time  he  was  arrayed  in  that  dress,  and 
it  is  said  the  Eatons  suddenly  became  wealthy.      About 


68  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

80  years  since,  in  pulling  down  an  old  mansion  in 
Shrewsbury,  in  which  a  maiden  member  of  this  family 
in  her  lifetime  had  resided,  a  quantity  of  cob  dollars, 
supposed  by  the  superstitious  to  have  been  Kidd's  money, 
was  found  concealed  in  the  cellar  wall.  This  coin  was 
generally  of  a  square  or  oblong  shape,  the  corners  of 
which  wore  out  the  pockets." 

A  somewhat  similar,  or  perhaps  a  variation  of  the 
same  tradition,  we  have  frequently  heard  from  old  resi- 
dents of  Ocean  county,  as  follows  : 

"  Indian  Will  often  visited  the  family  of  Derrick 
Longstreet  at  Manasquan,  and  one  time  showed  them 
some  silver  money  which  excited  their  surprise.  They 
wished  to  know  where  he  got  it  and  wanted  Will  to 
let  them  have  it.  Will  refused  to  part  with  it, 
but  told  them  he  had  found  it  in  a  trunk  along  the 
beach,  and  there  was  plenty  of  yellow  money  beside  ; 
but  as  the  yellow  money  was  not  as  pretty  as  the  white, 
he  did  not  want  it,  and  Longstreet  might  have  it. 
So  Longstreet  went  with  him,  and  found  the  money  in  a 
trunk,  covered  over  with  a  tarpaulin  and  buried  in  the 
sand.  Will  kept  the  white  money,  and  Longstreet  the 
yellow  (gold),  and  this  satisfactory  division  made  the 
Longstreets  wealthy. 

It  is  probable  that  Will  found  money  along  the 
beach;  but  whether  it  had  been  buried  by  pirates,  or 
was  from  some  shipwrecked  vessel,  is  another  question. 
However,  the  connection  of  Kidd's  name  with  the  money 
w<  mid  indicate  that  Will  lived  long  after  the  year  named 
in  the  first  quoted  tradition  (1670).  Kidd  did  not  sail  on 
his  piratical  cruises  until  1696,  and,  from  the  tradition- 
ary information  the  writer  has  been  enabled  to  obtain, 
Will  must  have  lived  many  years  subsequent.  The  late 
John  Tilton,  a  promient,  much-respected  citizen  of  Bai- 
negat,  in  early  years  lived  at  Squan,  and  he  was  quite 
confident  that  aged  citizens  who  related  to  him  stories  of 
Will,  knew  him  personally.  They  described  him  as 
stout,  broad-shouldered,  with  prominent  Indian  features, 
and  rings  in  his  ears,  and  a  good-sized  one  in  his  nose. 


I  \  I '  1  A  N    WILL.  69 

The  following  are  some  <>t'  the  stories  related  of  him  : 
Among  other  things  which  Wil]   bad  done  to  excite  the 

ill-will  of  other  Indians,  lit-  was  charged  with  having 
killed  his  wife.  Her  brother,  named  Jacob,  determined 
on  revenge.  He  pursued  him,  and,  finding  him  unarmed 
undertook  to  march  him  off  captive.  As  they  were  going 
along,  Will  espied  a  pine  knot  on  the  ground,  managed 
to  pick  it  up,  and  suddenly  dearth  Jacob  a  fatal  blow. 
As  he  dropped  to  the  ground,  Will  tauntingly  exclaimed, 
"Jacob,  look  up  at  the  sun — you'll  never  see  it  again!" 
Most  of  the  old  residents  who  related  traditions  of  Will, 
spoke  of  his  finding  honey  at  one  time  on  the  dead  body 
of  an  Indian  he  had  killed  ;  but  whether  it  was  Jacob's 
or  some  other,  was  not  mentioned. 

At  one  time  to  make  sure  of  killing  Will,  four  or  five 
Indians  started  in  pursuit  of  him,  and  they  succeeded  in 
surprising  him  so  suddenly  that  he  had  no  chance  for  de- 
fence or  flight.  His  captors  told  him  they  were  about  to 
kill  him,  and  he  must  at  once  prepare  to  die.  He  heard 
his  doom  with  Indian  stoicism,  and  he  had  only  one  favor 
to  ask  before  he  was  killed  and  that  was  to  be  allowed  to 
take  a  drink  out  of  his  jug  of  liquor  which  had  just  been 
filled.  So  small  a  favor  the  captors  could  not  refuse. 
As  Will's  jug  was  full,  it  was  only  common  politeness  to 
ask  them  to  drink  also.  Now,  if  his  captors  had  any 
weakness  it  was  for  rum,  so  they  gratefully  accepted  his 
invitation.  The  drink  rendered  them  talkative,  and  they 
commenced  reasoning  with  him  upon  the  enormity  of  his 
offences.  The  condemned  man  admitted  the  justness  of 
their  reproaches  and  begged  to  be  allowred  to  take 
another  drink  to  drown  the  stings  of  conscience ;  the 
captors  consented  to  join  him  again — indeed  it  would 
have  been  cruel  to  refuse  to  drink  with  a  man  so  soon  to 
die.  This  gone  through  with,  they  persuaded  Will  to 
make  a  full  confession  of  his  misdeeds,  and  their  magni- 
tude so  aroused  the  indignation  of  his  captors  that  they 
had  to  take  another  drink  to  enable  them  to  do  their 
duty  becomingly  ;  in  fact  they  took  divers  drinks,  so 
overcome  were  they  by  his  harrowing  tale,  and  then  they 


70  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

were  so  completely  unmanned  that  they  had  to  try  to  re- 
cuperate by  sleep.  Then  crafty  Will,  who  had  really 
drank  but  little,  softly  arose,  found  his  hatchet,  and  soon 
dispatched  his  would-be  captors. 

It  was  a  rule  with  Will  not  to  waste  any  ammuni- 
tion, and  therefore  he  was  bound  to  eat  whatever  game 
he  killed,  but  a  buzzard  which  he  onca  shot,  sorely  tried 
him,  and  it  took  two  or  three  days'  starving  before  he 
could  stomach  it.  One  time  when  he  was  alone  on  the 
beach  he  was  seized  with  a  lit  of  sickness  and  thought 
he  was  about  to  die,  and  not  wishing  his  body  to  lie  ex- 
posed, he  succeeded  in  digging  a  shallow  grave  in  the 
sand  in  which  he  lay  for  a  while,  but  the  sickness  passed 
off  and  he  crept  out  and  went  on  his  way  rejoicing.  In 
the  latter  part  of  his  life  he  would  never  kill  a  willet, 
as  he  said  a  willet  once  saved  his  life.  He  said  he  was 
in  a  canoe  one  dark  stormy  night  crossing  the  bay,  and 
somewhat  the  worse  for  liquor,  and  unconsciously  about 
to  drift  out  of  the  Inlet  into  the  ocean,  when  a  willet 
screamed  and  the  peculiar  cry  of  this  bird  seemed  to  him 
to  say  "  This  way,  Will!  this  way.  Will !  *'  and  that  way 
Will  went,  and  reached  the  beach  just  in  time  to  save 
himself  from  certain  death  in  the  breakers.  When  after 
wild  fowl  he  would  sometimes  talk  to  them  in  a  low  tone  : 
"Come  this  way,  my  nice  bird,  Will  won't  hurt  you!'' 
If  he  succeeded  in  killing  one  he  would  say  :  "  You  fool, 
you  believed  me,  eh  ?  Ah,  Will  been  so  much  with  white 
men  he  learned  to  lie  like  a  white  man  !  " 

Near  the  mouth  of  Squan  river  is  a  deep  place 
known  as  "  Will's  Hole."  There  are  two  versions  of  the 
origin  of  the  name,  but  both  connecting  Indian  Will's 
name  with  it.  Esquire  Benjamin  Pearce,  an  aged,  intel- 
ligent gentleman,  residing  in  the  vicinity,  informed  the 
writer  that  he  understood  it  was  so  called  because  Will 
himself  was  drowned  in  it,  The  other  version,  related 
by  the  late  well  remembered  Thomas  Cook,  of  Point 
Pleasant,  is  as  follows  : 

Indian  Will  lived  in  a  cabin  iu  the  woods  near  Cook's 
place  ;  one  day  he  brought  home  a  muskrat  which  he  or- 


IMMW    WILL.  71 

dered  his  wife  t<>  rook  for  dinner ;  she  obeyed,  but  when 
it  was  placed  upon  the  table  she  refused  to  partake  of  it. 
"Very  well,"  said  be,  "  if  von  are  too  good  to  eat  musk- 
rat  you  are  too  good  to  live  with  me."  And  thereupon 
he  took  her  down  to  the  place  or  bole  in  the  river  spoken 
of.  and  drowned  her.  Air.  Cook  gave  another  tradition 
as  follows:  Indian  Will  had  three  brothers-in-law,  two 
of  whom  resided  on  Long  Island,  and  when,  in  course  of 
time,  word  reached  them  that  their  sister  had  been 
drowned,  they  crossed  over  to  Jersey  to  avenge  her 
death.  When  they  reached  Will's  cabin,  he  was  inside 
eating  clam  soup.  Knowing  their  errand,  he  invited 
them  to  dinner,  telling  them  he  would  tight  it  out  with 
them  afterward.  They  sat  down  to  eat,  but  before  con- 
cluding their  dinner  Will  pretended  he  heard  some  one 
coming,  and  hurried  to  the  door,  outside  of  which  the 
visitors  had  left  their  guns,  one  of  which  Will  caught  up 
and  fired  and  killed  one  Indian  and  then  shot  the  other 
as  he  rushed  to  close  in.  In  those  days  the  Indians  held 
yearly  councils  about  where  Burrsville  now  is.  At  one 
of  these  councils  Will  met  the  third  brother-in-law,  and 
when  it  was  over  they  started  home  together  carrying  a 
jug  of  whiskey  bstween  them.  On  the  way,  inflamed 
with  liquor,  this  Indian  told  Will  he  meant  to  kill  him 
for  drowning  his  sister.  They  closed  in  a  deadly  tight, 
and  Will  killed  his  antagonist  with  a  pine  knot. 

Mr.  Cook  said,  Indian  Will  finally  died  in  his  cabin 
above  mentioned.  From  the  traditions  related  to  us 
.many  years  ago  by  Eli  and  John  Collins  and  John  Til- 
ton  of  Barnegat,  Reuben  Williams  of  Forked  River,  and 
others,  and  from  Thomas  Cook's  statements,  it  is  evident 
•Indian  Will  must  have  lived  until  about  a  century  ago, 
and  if  lie  protested  against  any  sale  of  land,  it  must  have 
been  against  the  titles  ceded  about  1758.  At  the  treaties 
then,  an  Indian  called  Captain  John,  claimed  the  lands 
from  Metedeconk  to  Toms  River,  but  other  Indians  said 
they  were  aleo  concerned. 


72  HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH    AN  J)    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

INDIAN  PETER. 


A   TRADITION  OF  IMLAYSTOWN. 

About  a  century  ago  an  Indian  named  Peter,  said  to 
have  been  connected  by  relationship  and  in  business 
with  the  noted  Indian  Tom,  after  whom  some,  we  think 
erroneously,  considered  Toms  River  to  be  named,  re- 
sided at  Toms  River,  but  owing  to  an  unfortunate  habit 
of  mixing  too  much  whisky  with  his  water,  he  became 
unfortunate,  and  about  the  time  of  the  war  removed  with 
his  family  to  the  vicinity  of  Imlaystown,  where  he  built 
a  wigwam  by  a  pond  not  far  from  the  village. 

Shortly  after  he  located  here  his  wife  sickened  and 
died.  Peter  dearly  loved  his  squaw,  and  was  almost 
heart-broken  on  account  of  the  unlucky  event.  He 
could  not  bear  the  idea  of  parting  with  his  wife,  of  put- 
ting her  under  ground  out  of  sight.  For  a  day  or  two 
he  was  inconsolable  and  knew  not  what  to  do ;  at  length 
a  lucky  idea  occurred  to  him  ;  instead  of  burying  her 
where  he  never  more  could  see  her,  he  would  put  a  rope 
about  her  neck  and  place  her  in  the  pond  and  daily 
visit  her.  This  idea  he  at  once  put  into  execution,  and 
as  he  daily  visited  her,  it  somewhat  assuaged  his 
poignant  grief.  On  one  of  his  melancholy  visits  to  the 
departed  partner  of  his  bosom,  lis  noticed  in  the  water 
around  her  a  large  number  of  eels.  To  turn  these  eels 
to  account  was  a  matter  of  importance  to  Peter,  for 
though  he  loved  his  wife,  yet  he  loved  money,  too.  So  he 
caught  the  eels  daily,  and  for  a  week  or  so  visited  the 
village  regularly  and  found  a  ready  sale  for  them  among 
the  villagers. 

But  at  length  the  supply  failed — his  novel  eel  trap 
gave  out.  A  few  days  thereafter  he  was  in  the  village 
and  numerous  were  the  inquiries  why  he  did  not  bring 
any  more  of  those  good  eels. 

"  Ah,"  said  Peter  very  innocently,  drawing  a  long 
sigh,  "  me  catch  no  more  eels — me  squaw  all  gone — boo 
— hoo ! " 

His  grief  and  singular  reply  called  for  an  explana- 
tion, and  he,  thinking  nothing  wrong,  gave  it. 


AN    INDIAN    DINNEB       \    SAVORY    DISH.  73 

The  result  was  a  genera]  casting  up  of  accounts 
among  the  villagers,  terrible  anathemas  upon  the  En- 
dim!,  and  a  holy  horror  of  eels  anion-;  that  generation  of 
Imlaystown  citizens,  and  oven  to  this  day  it  is  said  some 
of  their  descendants  would  as  soon  eal  ;i  snake  as  an  eel. 

(The  above  tradition  we  have  no  doubt  is  substan- 
tially correct ;  we  derived  it  from  Hon.  Charles  Parker, 
for  many  years  State  Treasurer,  father  of  Gov.  Parker, 
who  some  sixty  years  ago,  while  at  Toms  River,  met  with 
some  of  the  disgusted  purchasers  of  [ndian  Peter's  eels.) 

AN  INDIAN  DINNER- A  SAVORY  DISH. 


BETHSHEBA,    THE    INDIAN     QUEEN. 

The  last  remnant  of  the  Indians  who  frequented  the 
lower  part  of  old  Monmouth,  had  their  principal  settle- 
ment at  a  place  called  Edgepelick  or  Edge  Pillock,  about 
three  miles  from  Atsion  in  Burlington  county,  from 
whence  they  removed  to  Oneida  Lake,  New  York,  1802. 
Before  their  removal,  members  of  this  tribe  with  their 
families  would  visit  the  shore  once  a  year  and  spend 
some  time  fishing,  oystering,  making  baskets,  &c.  The 
most  noted  among  the  last  Indians  who  regularly  visited 
the  shore  were  Charles  Moluss,  his  wife,  and  wife's  sister. 
who  bore  the  euphonious  names  of  Bash  and  Suke,  among 
the  ancient  residents  of  old  Stafford  township,  but  in 
Little  Egg  Harbor,  Burlington  county,  where  they  also 
were  frequent  visitors,  Moluss'  wife  was  known  as  Bath- 
sheba,  and  considered  as  a  kind  of  Indian  Queen,  on  ac- 
count of  the  great  respect  shown  to  her  by  her  people 
and  by  the  Quakers  of  Burlington,  because  of  her  pos- 
sessing more  intelligence,  and  having  a  more  pre] assess- 
ing personal  appearance  than  the  rest  of  her  tribe.  At 
Tuckerton,  when  her  company  visited  there  and  put  up 
their  tents,  Bathsheba  was  generally  invited  to  make  her 
home  with  some  one  of  the  principal  inhabitants  of  the 
place.  At  Barnegat,  her  company  generally  camped  on 
the  place  lately  owned  by  Captain  Timothy  Falkinburgh. 
where  they  were  on  friendly  terms  with  the  whites  and 
quite  disposed  to  be  hospitable,  but  Bathsheba,  Indian 


74  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Queen  though  she  may  have  been,  occasionally  pre- 
pared Indian  delicacies  for  the  table  which  the  whites 
seldom  appreciated.  Some  thirty  years  ago  Eli  Collins, 
a  well  remembered  aged  citizen  of  Barnegat,  told  the 
writer  of  this,  that  when  he  was  a  young  man,  one  time 
he  had  been  out  from  home  all  day,  and  on  his  way  back, 
stopped  at  the  hut  of  Moluss.  His  wife  Bash,  or  Bath- 
sheba,  was  boiling  something  in  a  pot  which  sent  forth  a 
most  delightful  odor  to  a  hungry  man,  and  he  was  cor- 
dially invited  to  dine.  As  he  had  been  without  anything 
to  eat  all  day  he  willingly  accepted  the  invitation  ;  but 
he  soon  changed  his  determination  when  he  found  the 
savory  smelling  dish  was  hop  t<  *i<J  .soup. 

CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  TOM. 


A     WEST    JERSEY     PIONEER  —AFTER    WHOM     WAS    TOMS     RIVER 

NAMED  ? — THE  COMING  OF   THE  ENGLISH — INDIAN  JUSTICE 

— DISCOVERY  OF  TOMS  RIVER. 

Iii  regard  to  the  origin  of  the  name  of  Toms  River, 
we  have  two  distinct  traditions ;  one  alleging  that  it  was 
named  after  a  somewhat  noted  Indian,  who  once  lived  in 
its  vicinity;  the  other  attributes  it  to  a  certain  Captain 
William  Tom,  who  resided  on  the  Delaware  two  hundred 
years  ago,  and  who  it  is  said  penetrated  through  the 
wilderness  to  the  seashore,  on  an  exploring  expedition, 
where  he  discovered  the  stream  now  known  as  Toms 
.River ;  upon  his  return  he  made  such  favorable  repre- 
sentations of  the  laud  in  its  vicinity,  that  settlers  were 
induced  to  come  here  and  locate,  and  these  settlers 
named  it  Toms  River,  after  Mr.  Tom,  because  he  first 
brought  it  to  the  notice  of  the  whites. 

While  the  writer  of  this,  after  patient  investigation, 
acknowledges  that  he  can  find  nothing  that  conclusively 
settles  the  question,  yet  he  is  strong  in  the  belief  that 
the  place  derives  its  name  from  Mr.  Tom,  for  the  follow- 
ing reasons:  First — Though  there  was  a  noted  Indian 
residing  at  Toms  River  a  century  ago,  known  as  "Indian 
Tom,"  yet  the  place  is  known  to  have  borne  the  name  of 


CAPTAIN    WILLIAM     FOIL  75 

Toms  River   when   he    was  quite  a  young  man;  it  is  not 
reasonable   to  suppose  the   place   was  Qamed  after  aim 

when  he  was  scarce  <>ut  of  his  terns.  Second  The  posi- 
tion and  business  of  Captain  William  Tom,  was  such  as 
to  render  it  extremely  probable  that  the  tradition  relat- 
ing to  him  is  correct.  Much  difficulty  has  been  found  in 
making  res<  arches  in  this  matter,  as  Capt.  Tom  was  an 
active  man  among  our  first  settlors  before  our  West  Jer- 
sr\  records  begin,  and  information  regarding  liiin  lias  to 
be  sought  for  in  the  older  records  of  New  York  and  New 
Castle,  Delaware.  In  his  day  Southern  and  Western 
Jersey  were  under  control  of  officials  whose  headquar- 
ters were  at  New  Castle,  Del.;  these  officials  were  ap- 
pointed by  the  authorities  at  New  York.  In  his  time 
Capt.  John  Carr  appears  to  have  been  the  highest  official 
among  the  settlers  on  both  sides  of  the  Delaware,  acting 
as  Commissioner,  &c.  But  at  times  it  would  seem  that 
Capt.  Tom  was  more  relied  upon  in  managing  public  af- 
fairs by  both  the  Governors  at  New  York  and  the  early 
settlers,  than  any  other  man  among  them.  In  the  various 
positions  which  he  held,  he  appears  t<>  have  unselfishly 
and  untiringly  exerted  himself  for  the  best  interests  of 
the  settlers  and  the  government. 

He  held  at  different  times  the  positions  of  Commis- 
sary. Justice,  Judge,  Town  Clerk  and  Keeper  of  Official 
Eeeords  relating  to  the  settlements  on  both  sides  of  the 
Delaware,  Collector  of  Quit  Eeuts,  &c.  As  collector  of 
Quit  Eents  and  agent  to  sell  lands,  his  duties  called  him 
throughout  the  Southern  halt  of  our  State,  wherever  set- 
tlers were  found,  and  in  search  of  eligible  places  for 
settlers  to  locate.  AYe  find  that  Capt.  Tom  was  continu- 
allv  traveling  to  and  fro  in  the  performance  of  his  duties, 
was  among  the  first  white  men  to  cross  the  State  to  New 
York,  was  on  good  terms  with  the  Indians,  with  whom 
he  continually  must  have  mingled,  and  it  is  not  at  all 
unlikely  in  the  performance  of  his  duties,  he  crossed  to 
the  shore  by  Indian  paths,  so  numerous  and  so  fre- 
quented by  the  red  men  in  his  time,  aud  thus  visited  the 
stream  now  known  as  Toms  River. 


70  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AM)   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

As  no  outline  of  Capt,  Tom's  Life  and  services  has 
ever  been  published,  we  give  the  substance  of  the  facts 
found  relating  to  him,  not  only  because  .of  its  probable 
bearing  on  the  history  of   old  Monmouth,  and   that  our 

citizens  may  know  who  he  was,  but  also  because  it  gives 
an  interesting  chapter  in  the  history  of  our  State.  It  will 
be  seen  that  he  was  a  prominent,  trusted  and  influential 
man  before  the  founding  of  Philadelphia,  Salem  or  Burl- 
ington, or  before  any  considerable  settlements  existed  in 
New  Jersey.  In  looking  back  to  the  past,  it  seems  a  long 
while  to  Indian  Tom's  day,  but  Capt.  William  Tom  lived 
nearly  a  century  before  him.  The  following  items  are 
collected  from  New  York,  Pennsylvania  and  Delaware 
records: 

Capt.  William  Tom  came  to  this  country  with  the 
English  expedition  under  Sir  Robert  Carre  and  Col. 
Richard  Nicholls  which  conquered  the  Dutch  at  New 
Amsterdam,  (New  York)  August,  1664.  Immediately 
after  the  English  had  taken  formal  possession  of  New 
Y'ork,  two  vessels,  the  "Guinea"  and  the  "William  and 
Nicholas,"  under  command  of  Sir  Robert  Carre  were 
despatched  to  attaek  the  Dutch  settlements  on  the 
Delaware  river.  After  a  feeble  resistance  the  Dutch  sur- 
rendered about  the  first  of  October  of  the  same  year, 
(1664).  Capt.  Tom  accompanied  this  expedition,  and 
that  he  rendered  valuable  service  there  is  evidenced  by 
an  order  issued  by  Gov.  Nicholls,  June  30,  16(55,  which 
states  that  for  William  Tom's  "  good  services  at  Dela- 
ware," there  shall  be  granted  to  him  the  lands  of  Peter 
Alricks,  confiscated  for  hostility  to  the  English.  Capt. 
Tom  remained  in  his  majesty's  service  until  August  '27, 
1668;  during  the  last  two  years  of  this  time  he  was  Com- 
missary on  the  Delaware.  He  was  discharged  from  his 
majesty's  service  on  the  ground  as  is  alleged  "  of  good 
behaviour." 

.  In  1673  Capt.  Tom  was  appointed  one  of  four  ap- 
praisers to  set  a  value  on  Tinicum  Island  in  the  Dela- 
ware. In  1674  he  was  appointed  secretary  or  dark  for 
the  town  of   New  Castle,  and    he  appears  to   have  had 


CAPTAIN    WILLIAM    TOM.  7< 

charge  of  the  public  records  for  several  years.  In  L673 
the  Dutch  regained  their  power  in  New  Xbrk,  New  Jer- 
sey and  Delaware,  bul  retained  it  only  a  few  months; 
after  they  were  again  displaced  in  1674,  Gov.  Andross 
appointed  Captains  Cantwell  and  Tom  to  take  possession 

for  the  King's  use,  of  tlie  fort  at  New  Castle,  with  the 
public  stoics.  They  were  authorized  to  provide  for  the 
settlement" and  repose  of  the  inhabitants  at  New  Castle, 
Wliorekills  (Lewes)  and  other  places." 

In  1675  some  settlers  complained  against  Capt.  Tom, 
for  molesting  them  in  the  enjoyment  of  meadow  lands 
which  adjoined  their  plantations.  The  settlers  probably 
supposed  because  they  owned  uplands,  they  should 
also  have  the  same  use  of  meadow  land  without  paying 
for  the  same.  The  Governor  ordered  a  compromise.  In 
l()7(i  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Peace 
and  a  Judge  of  the  court.  He  sat  as  one  of  the  Judges 
in  an  important  suit  in  which  the  defendant  was  John 
Fenwick,  the  Salem  Proprietor.  Judgment  was  given 
against  Penwick,  and  a  warrant  issued  to  take  him  dead 
or  alive.  Penwick  finding  it  useless  to  resist,  gave  him- 
self up,  and  was  sent  prisoner  to  New  York. 

Capt.  Tom  was  reappointed  justice  and  judge  in  1677. 
Towards  the  latter  part  of  this  year  complaint  was  made 
that  the  town  records  of  New  Castle  were  in  confusion, 
and  Mr.  Tom  was  ordered  to  arrange  aud  attest  them. 
It  is  not  improbable  that  ill  health  prevented  him  from 
completing  this  task,  as  Ave  find  his  death  announced  Jan- 
uary 12,  1678,  coupled  with  the  simple  remark  that,  "his 
papers  were  in  confusion." 

From  the  foregoing  and  other  facts  that  are  pre- 
served, it  would  appear  that  William  Tom  was  about  t he- 
most  prominent,  useful  and  trustworthy  man  among  the 
settlers  from  the  time  of  the  coming  of  the  English  to  his 
decease,  that  he  enjoyed  the  confidence  of  Governors 
Nicholls,  Lovelace  and  Andross,  that  his  varied  duties 
vvere  performed  with  general  satisfaction  to  settlers,  In- 
dians and  officials,  and  we  may  safely  infer  that  he  did 
as  much  or  more  than  anv  man  in  his  day  "towards  the 


78  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

settlement  and  repose  of  the  inhabitants"  <>n  both  sides 
of  the  Delaware.  It  is  no  discredit  to  the  name  of  Toms 
River  that  it  should  he  derived  from  such  a  man. 

In  speaking  of  Capt.  Tom's  discovering  Toms  River, 
we  do  not  refer  to  its  original  discovery,  nor  wish  to  con- 
vey the  idea  that  he  was  the  first  white  man  who  visited 
it.  The  stream  was  discovered  by  navigators  fifty  years 
before  Capt.  Tom  came  to  America.  They  simply  marked 
the  stream  on  their  charts  without  naming  it.  The  fact 
that  tins  river  had  been  previously  visited  by  the  Dutch, 
was  probably  not  known  to  Capt.  Tom  and  the  English 
in  this  day. 

PRIVATEERING. 


CAPTAIN    STORE!!. 

The  following  is  from  an  ancient  paper  published  in 
1782,  just  previous  to  the  close  of  the  war. 

"  We  learn  that  the  brave  Captain  Storer,  commis- 
sioned as  a  private  boat-of-war  under  the  State,  and  who 
promises  to  be  the  genuine  successor  of  the  late  Captain 
Hyler,  has  given  a  recent  instance  of  his  valor  and  con- 
duct in  capturing  one  of  the  enemy's  vessels.  He  went 
in  two  boats  through  the  British  fleet  in  the  Narrows 
and  boarded  a  vessel  under  the  Hag  staff  battery.  He 
captured  the  vessel  without  alarm.  She  was  a  sloop  in 
the  Engineers'  department  of  H.  B.  M.  service,  and  was 
carried  away  safely." 

CAPTAIN  WILLIAM   MARRINER. 

Captain  Marriner  lived  in  New  Brunswick  during 
the  war.  Erom  notice  of  him  in  ancient  papers,  we  find 
he  was  another  brave  enterprising  partisan,  as  the  fol- 
lowing extracts  will  show.  The  first  is  from  a  letter 
dated  June  17th,  1778. 

"  William  Marriner,  a  volunteer,  with  eleven  men  and 
Lieutenant  John  Sehenck,  of  our  militia,  went  last  Sat- 
urday evening  from  Middle  town  Point  to  Long  Island, 
in  order  to  take  a  few  prisoners  from  Elatbush,  and  re- 
turned with  Major  Moncrieff  and  Mr.  Theophilus  Bacho 
(the  worshipful  Mayor  and    Tormentor-General,   David 


PRIVATEERING.  79 

Matthews,  I'lsi).,  wlm  has  inflicted  ofi  our  prisoners  the 
most  unheard  of  cruelties,  and  who  was  the  principal 
object  of  the  expedition,  being  unfortunately  in  the  city,) 
with  four  slaves,  and  brought  them  to  Princeton,  to  be 
delivered  to  his  excellency  tin1  Governor.  Mr.  Marriner 
with  his  party  left  Middletown  Point  on  Saturday  even- 
ing, and  returned  at  six  o'clock  next  morning,  having 
traveled  by  land  and  water  above  fifty  miles,  and  be- 
haved with  greatest  prudence  and  bravery." 

The  following  is  from  an  official  naval  work  in  the 
Library  of  Congress  : 

"The  privateer  Blacksnake  was  captured  by  the 
British,  but  in  April,  1780,  Captain  William  Marriner, 
with  nine  men  in  a  whale  boat,  retook  her.  Captain 
Marriner  then  put  to  sea  in  his  prize,  and  captured  the 
Morning  Star,  of  (i  swivels  and  33  men,  after  a  sharp  re- 
sistance, in  which  she  lost  three  killed  and  five  wounded  • 
he  carried  both  prizes  into  "Egg  Harbor." 

After  the  war  Captain  Marriner  removed  to  Harlem, 
where  he  lived  many  years. 

The  Daniel  Matthews  above  spoken  of  was  the  Tory 
Mayor  of  New  York,  during  the  Revolution,  and  noted 
for  his  enmity  to  all  favoring  the  Americans. 

CAPTAIN   JACKSON. 

"  December  18th,  1782. — Capt.  Jackson  of  the  Grey- 
hound, in  the  evening  of  Sunday,  last  week,  with  much 
address,  captured  within  the  Hook,  the  schooner  Dol- 
phin and  sloop  Diamond,  bound  from  New  York  to  Hali- 
fax, and  brought  them  into  Egg  Harbor.  These  vessels 
were  both  condemned  to  the  claimants,  and  the  sales 
amounted  to  £10,200. 

SUCCESSFUL    EXPLOIT. 

In  the  following  item  from  the  Packet  Jan.  1779,  no 
names  are  mentioned. 

"  Some  Jerseymen  went  in  row  boats  to  Sandy 
Hook  and  took  four  sloops,  one  of  which  was  armed. 
They  burned  three  and  took  one  ;  also  nineteen  prisoners. 

The  share  of  prize  money  per  man,  was  £100." 


80  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

PRIVATEERING   ON  OUR    COAST— TOMS  RIVER 
DURING  THE  REVOLUTION. 


PRIZES  TAKEN — AMERICANS    CAPTURED — AN    ENEMY   SEARCHING 
FOB  WATER    LOSES  HIS    RUM — OLD    CRANBERRY  INLET,  &C. 

Toms  River  appears  to  have  been  occupied  by  the 
Americans  as  a  military  post  during  the  greater  part  of 
the  Revolution.  The  soldiers  stationed  here  were  gen- 
erally twelve  months  men,  commanded  by  different  offi- 
cers, among  whom  may  be  mentioned,  Captains  Bigelow, 
Ephraim  Jenkins,  James  Mott,  John  Stout  and  Joshua 
Huddv.  Captain  Mott  had  command  of  a  company 
called  the  "  Sixth  Company  "  of  Dover,  and  Captain 
Stout  of  the  Seventh  Company.  The  Fifth  Company  was 
from  Stafford,  and  commanded  by  Capt.  Reuben  F.  Ran- 
dolph. These  companies  all  belonged  to  the  militia  or- 
ganization of  old  Monmouth. 

The  duties  of  the  militia  stationed  at  Toms  River, 
appear  to  have  been  to  guard  the  inhabitants  against  de- 
predations from  the  refugees  ;  to  check  contraband  trade 
by  way  of  old  Cranberry  Inlet  to  New  York,  and  to  aid 
our  privateers  who  brought  prizes  into  the  Inlet,  which 
was  a  favorite  resort  for  New  Jersey,  New  England  and 
other  American  privateers. 

By  the  following  extracts,  it  will  be  seen  that  old 
Dover  township  was  the  scene  of  many  stirring  incidents 
during  the  war. 

About  the  1st  of  April,  1778,  the  government  salt 
works  near  Toms  River,  were  destroyed  by  a  detachment 
of  British  under  Captain  Robertson.  One  building  they 
alleged  belonged  to  Congress  and  cost  X6,000.  The  salt 
works  on  our  coast  at  Manasquan,  Shark  River,  Toms 
River,  Barnegat  and  other  places,  were  so  important  to 
the  Americans  during  the  war  that  we  propose  to  notice 
them  in  a  separate  article. 

May  2  2d,  1778,  it  is  announced  that  a  British  vessel 
with  a  cargo  of  fresh  beef  and  pork,  was  taken  by  Cap- 
tain Anderson  and  sixteen  men  in  an  armed  boat,  and 
brought  into  Toms  River. 


l'i;i\  STEERING    hi  RING    THE    BEV0L1   PION.  Si 

Iii  thf  early  part  of  August  following,  the  British 
ship  "Love  and  IJnity,"  with  ;i  valuable  cargo  was 
brought  into  the  Inlet ;  the  cargo  was  saved  but  the  ship 
was  subsequently  retaken  by  a  large  British  force  ;  the 
particulars  of  the  capture  and  recaptura  are  as  follows 
from  ancient  letters  : 

"August  12th,  1778.  We  learn  that  on  Thursday 
night,  the  British  ship  "Love  and  Unity"  from  Bristol, 
with  80  hhds  of  loaf  sugar,  several  thousand  bottles  Lon- 
don porter,  and  a  large  quantity  of  Bristol  beer  and  ale, 
besides  many  other  valuable  articles,  was  designedly  run 
ashore  near  Toms  River.  Since  which,  by  the  assistance 
of  some  of  our  militia,  she  lias  been  brought  into  a  safe 
port  and  her  cargo  properly  taken  care  of." 

The  carg#  of  this  ship  was  advertised  to  be  sold  at 
Manasquan,  on  the  26th  of  August,  by  John  Stokes,  U. 
S.  Marshal.  The  articles  enumerated  in  the  advertise- 
ment show  that  the  cargo  must  have  been  a  very  valu- 
able one.  The  Americans  were  not  quite  so  lucky  with 
the  ship  as  with  tli3  cargo,  as  will  bs  seen  by  the  follow- 
ing extract  : 

"Friday,  September  18th,  1778.  Two  British  armed 
ships  and  two  brigs,  came  close  to  the  bar  off  Toms  River 
(Cranbury)  Inlet,  where  they  lay  all  night.  Next  morn- 
ing between  seven  and  eight  o'clock,  they  sent  seven 
armed  boats  into  the  Inlet,  and  re-took  the  ship  Wash- 
ington formerly  "Love  and  Unity"  which  had  been 
taken  by  the  Americans ;  they  also  took  two  sloops  near 
the  bar  and  captured  most  of  the  crews. 

The  captain  of  the  ship  and  most  of  his  officers  es- 
caped to  the  main  land  in  one  of  the  ship's  boats.  After 
they  got  ashore  a  man  named  Robert  McMullen,  who 
had  been  condemned  to  death  at  Freehold  but  afterwards 
pardoned,  jumped  into  the  boat,  hurrahing  for  the  Brit- 
ish, and  rowed  off  and  joined  them.  Another  refugee 
named  William  Dillon,  who  had  also  been  sentenced  to 
death  at  .Freehold  and  pardoned,  joined  this  party  of 
British  as  pilot." 

By  the  following  extract  it  will  be  seen  that  the  ren- 


82  HISTORY    or    MONMOUTH    AM)    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

egades  McMullen  and  Dillon,  had  been  out  of  jail  but  a 
very  few  weeks,  when  they  aided  the  British  in  this  ex- 
pedition : 

"July  22d,  1778.  We  learn  that  at  the  Court  of 
Oyer  aud  Terminer,  held  at  Monmouth  in  June  last,  the 
following  parties  were  tried  and  found  guilty  of  burglary, 
viz:  Thomas  Emmons  alias  Burke,  John  Wood,  Michael 
Millery,  William  Dillon  and  Robert  McMullen.  The  two 
former  were  executed  on  Friday  last,  and  the  other  three 
reprieved." 

McMullen  probably  had  some  connection  with  the 
expedition,  perhaps  to  spy  out  the  whereabouts  of  the 
captured  cargo,  as  he  would  not  have  been  in  that  vicinity 
unless  assured  that  a  British  force  was  at  hand. 

One  tradition  states  that  when  he  jumped  into  the 
boat  lie  was  living  for  his  life — "that  he  was  pursued  by 
the  Americans  and  escaped  by  swimming  his  horse  across 
the  river  near  its  mouth  to  a  point  which  he  called  Good- 
luck  Point  to  commemorate  his  escape." 

Goodluek  Point  near  the  mouth  of  Toms  Paver,  un- 
doubtedly received  its  name  from  some  person  flying  for 
his  life  in  the  above  manner,  and  it  is  possible  that  it 
might  have  been  McMullen. 

"On  the  9th  of  December,  1778,  it  is  announced  that 
a  British  armed  vessel,  bound  from  Halifax  to  New  York, 
and  richly  laden,  came  ashore  near  Bamegat.  The  crew 
about  sixty  in  number,  surrendered  themselves  prison- 
ers to  our  militia.  Goods  to  the  amount  of  five  thous- 
and pounds  sterling  were  taken  out  of  her  by  our  citizens, 
and  a  number  of  prisoners  sent  to  Bordentown,  at  which 
place  the  balance  of  prisoners  were  expected.  About 
March,  1779,  the  sloop  Success,  came  ashore  in  a  snow 
storm,  at  Barnegat.  She  had  been  taken  by  the  British 
brig  Diligence,  and  was  on  her  way  to  New  York.  She 
had  a  valuable  cargo  of  rum,  molasses,  coffee,  cocoa,  Arc, 
on  board.  The  prize  master  and  three  hands  Were  made 
prisoners  and  sent  to  Princeton.  In  the  ease  of , this  ves- 
sel and  the  one  previously  mentioned,  it  is  probable  the 
Toms  River  militia  aided,  as  the  name  of  Barnegat  was 


PBTVATEEBING    DURING    THE    REVOLUTION.  B3 

frequently  applied  to  the  shore  north  of  the  inlet,  both 
on  the  beach  and  on  the  main  Land. 

Feb.  8th,  1779,  the  sloop  Fancy  and  schooner  Bope, 
with  cargoes  of  pitch,  tar  and  salt  are  advertised  for  sale 
at  Toms  River  1»\  the  J.  8.  Marshal.  They  were  probably 
prizes.  The  Major  Van  Embnrg  mentioned  in  the  fol- 
lowing, belonged  to  the  2d  Reg.  Middlesex  militia;  he 
was  taken  May  14,  1780. 

On  the  5th  of  June,  1780,  an  ancient  paper  says: 
"  On  Sunday  morning,  Major  Van  Emburg  and  eight  or 
nine  men  from  West  Jersey,  on  a  fishing  party,  were  sur- 
prised in  bed  at  Toms  River  by  the  Refugees,  and  put 
on  board  a  vessel  to  be  sent  prisoners  to  New  York,  but 
before  the  vessel  sailed  they  fortunately  managed  to 
escape." 

Toms  River  then  did  not  seem  quite  as  desirable  a 
place  for  pleasure  resort  as  it  is  in  the  present  day. 
History  does  not  tell  us  whether  the  Major  was  success- 
ful in  catching  fish  :  all  we  know  is  that  he  got  caught 
himself. 

About  the  middle  of  December,  1780,  a  British  brig 
in  the  West  India  trade,  was  captured  and  brought  into 
Toms  River.  This  brig  was  short  of  water  and  provis- 
ions and  mistaking  the  land  for  Long  Island,  sent  a  boat 
and  four  *nen  ashore  to  obtain  supplies.  The  militia 
hearing  of  it  manned  two  boats  and  went  out  and  took 
her.  She  had  on  board  150  hhds  of  rum  and  spirits, 
which  our  ancestors  pronounced  "  excellent,"  by  which 
we  conclude  they  must  have  considered  themselves  com- 
petent judges  of  the  article  !  With  the  British,  rum 
must  have  been  a  necessity,  as  in  every  prize  taken  from 
them  rum  was  an  important  part  of  the  cargo. 

The  British  brig  Molly,  was  driven  ashore  in  a  snow 
storm  near  Barnegat ;  her  prize  crew  were  taken  pris- 
oners by  the  militia  and  sent  to  Philadelphia. 

In  December,  1780,  Lieut.  Joshua  Studson  of  Toms 
River,  was  shot  by  the  refugee  Bacon,  inside  of  Cran- 
berry inlet.     The  particulars  of  this  affair  are  given  in  a 


84  HISTORI   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

notice  of  Bacon's  career,  and  therefore  it  is  unnecessary 
to  repeat  them. 

March  19,1782.  The  privateer  Dart.  ('apt.  Wm. 
Gray,  of  Sal. -in  Mass.,  arrived  at  Toms  River  with  a  prize 
sloop,  taken  from  the  British  galley,  Black  Jack.  The 
next  day  he  went  with  his  boat  and  seven  men  in  pur- 
suit of  a  British  brig  near  the  bar.  Unfortunately  for 
Capt.  Gray,  instead  of  taking  a  prize  he  was  taken  him- 
self. For  a  long  time  after,  the  Toms  River  people 
wondered  what  had  become  of  him.  In  August  follow- 
ing they  heard  from  him.  After  getting  outside  the  bar 
he  was  taken  prisoner,  and  carried  to  Halifax,  and  sub- 
sequentlv  released  on  parole.  He  stated  he  was  well 
treated  while  a  prisoner. 

A  few  days  after  Capt.  Gray  was  taken,  the  British 
attacked  and  burned  Toms  River.  This  was  the  last 
affair  of  any  importance  occurring  in  the  immediate 
vieinitv  of  Toms  River  during  tin-  war.  But  south  of 
Toms  River,  several  noted  affairs  afterwards  occurred. 
Davenport  burned  the  salt  works  at  Forked  River,  and 
was  himself  killed  in  June  ;  in  October,  Bacon  attacked 
and  killed  several  men  on  the  beach  south  of  Barnegat 
lighthouse  ;  in  December,  occurred  the  skirmish  at  Cedar 
Creek,  where  young  Cooke  waskilled  ;  on  the  3d  of  April 
following,  (1783,)  Bacon  was  killed  near  West  Creek. 

A  RHODE  ISLAND  PRIZE. 

The  original  and   following  certificate   is  in   pos 
sion  of  Ephraim  P.  Empson,  Escp,  of  Collier's  Mills  : 

Provided  e,  Feb.  21,  1777. 
This  may  certify  that  Messrs.  Clark  and  Nightin- 
gale and  Captain  William  Rhodes  have  purchased  here 
at  vendue,  the  schooner  Pope's  Head,  which  was  taken 
by  the  privateers  Sally  and  Joseph  (under  our  command) 
and  carried  into  Cranberry  Inlet,  in  the  Jersies,  and 
there  delivered  to  the  care  of  Mr.  James  Randolph  by 
our  prize  masters. 

James  Maro. 
John  Fish. 


I'KI\  \  l  BERING    Dl  RING    THE    REVOLUTION.  85 

m  is.  i  i.i  vneous  n  i  .ms. 
During  the  war  there  were  interesting  events  occurr- 
ing ;it  Toms   River,  outside  of  military  and  naval  matters. 

Iii  January,  1778,  the  Bloop,  Two  Friends,  Capt. 
Alex.  Bonnett  of  Hispaniola,  was  east  away  near  Barne- 
gat,  with  L,600  bags  of  salt,  -J(.»  hhds.  molasses,  also  a  lot 
of    rum,    sugar,    Ac     Only  ICO  galls,  rum    saved.     The 

shore  people  went  to  their  assistance,  but  one  man  was 
lost.  The  Capt.  of  the  Two  Friends,  Alex.  Bonnet,  then 
shipped  as  a  passenger  in  the  sloop  Endeavor  of  Toms 
River,  for  New  York,  hut  sad  to  relate,  while  she  lay  at 
anchoT  in  the  inlet,  a  storm  at  night  parted  the  cable 
and  all  on  hoard  were  drowned  in  the  bay. 

In  December,  1778,  Capt  Alexander  of  the  sloop  Eliz- 
abeth of  Baltimore,  was  taken  by  the  British,  but  he  was 
permitted  to  leave  in  his  small  boat,  and  landed  in  Toms 
River  inlet. 

It  was  during  the  war,  in  the  year  1777,  that  Rev. 
Benjamin  Abbott,  expounded  the  then  new  principles  of 
Methodism,  to  the  people  of  Toms  River,  first  at  the 
house  of  Esquire  AbielAikens,  and  then  at  another  place 
when  "  a  Frenchman  fell  to  the  floor,  and  never  rose  until 
the  Lord  converted  his  soul.  Here  (at  Toms  River),  we 
had  a  happy  time,"  so  says  Abbott  in  his  journal. 

During  the  war  there  was  of  course  no  communica- 
tion with  New  York,  but  the  peojile  of  Toms  River  had 
considerable  overland  intercourse  with  "West  Jersey, 
Philadelphia  and  Freehold. 

OLD    MONMOUTH   DURING   THE  REVOLUTION. 


Historians  generally  concede  that  no  state  among 
the  old  thirteen  suffered  during  the  war  more  than  did 
New  Jersey ;  and  it  is  generally  admitted  that  no  county 
in  our  state  suffered  more  than  did  old  Monmouth.  In 
addition  to  the  outrages  to  which  the  citizens  were  sub- 
jected from  the  British  army,  they  were  continually  har- 
rassed  by  depredations  committed  by  regularly  organized 
bands  of  Refugees,  and   also  by  the    still   more  lawless 


86        history,  of  monwouth  and  ocean  counties. 

acts  of  a  set  of  outcasts  known  as  the  Pine  Woods  Rob- 
bers, who,  though  pretending  to  be  Tories,  yet  if  oppor- 
tunity offered,  robbed  Tories  as  well  as  Whigs. 

The  Refugees,  or  Loyalists  as  they  called  themselves, 
were  generally  native  born  Americans  who  sided  with 
the  British  regularly  organized,  with  officers  commis- 
sioned  by  the  Board  of  Associated  Loyalists  at  New 
York,  of  which  body  the  President  was  William  Franklin, 
the  last  Tory  governor  of  New  Jersey,  an  illegitimate  son 
of  Dr.  Benjamin  Franklin.  The  Refugees  had  a  strongly 
fortified  settlement  at  Sandy  Hook,  the  lighthouse  there 
defended  with  cannon  and  British  vessels  of  war  always 
lying  in  the  vicinity.  From  this  settlement  or  "Refugees' 
town,"  as  it  was  sometimes  called,  these  marauders  would 
sally  forth  to  plunder  and  murder  in  the  adjoining  county. 
To  show  the  perils  by  which  the  citizens  of  old  Mon- 
mouth were  surrounded  and  the  outrages  to  which  they 
were  subjected,  we  append  some  extracts  chiefly  from 
ancient  papers,  which  though  plain  and  unvarnished,  yet 
will  give  a  vivid  idea  of  life  and  times  in  this  county  In 
the  dark  days  of  the  Revolution. 

REFUGEE    RAIDS     IN    OLD    MONMOUTH — PROMINENT    PATRIOTS 
ROBBED,    CAPTURED    AND    MURDERED. 

"June  3d,  1778.  We  are  informed  that  on  Wednes- 
day morning  last,  a  party  of  about  seventy  of  the  Greens 
from  Sandy  Hook,  landed  near  Major  Kearney's  (near 
Keyport,)  headed  for  Mill  Creek,  Middletown  Point,  and 
marched  to  Mr.  John  Burrows,  made  him  prisoner,  burnt 
his  mills  and  both  his  storehouses — all  valuable  build- 
ings, besides  a  great  deal  of  his  furniture.  They  also 
took  prisoners  Lieutenant  Colonel  Smock,  Captain 
Christopher  Little,  Mr.  Joseph  Wall,  Captain  Joseph 
Covenhoven  (Conover)  and  several  other  persons,  and 
killed  Messrs.  Pearce  and  Yan  Brockle  and  wounded  an- 
other man  mortally.  Having  completed  this  and  several 
other  barbarities  they  precipitately  returned  the  same 
morning  to  give  an  account  of  their  abominable  deeds  to 
their  bloody  employers.  A  number  of  these  gentry,  we 
learn,  were  formerly  inhabitants  of  that  neighborhood." 


OLD    MONMOUTH    DURING    THE    REVOLUTION.  87 

The  "Greens"  above  mentioned,  it  is  said,  were 
Refugee  <»r  Loyalist  Jerseymen  who  joined  the  British. 
Their  organization  was  sometimes  called  "the  New  Jer- 
sey  Royal  Volunteers,"  under  command  of  General  Cort- 

landt  Skinner. 

■■April  26th,  ITT'.l  An  expedition  consisting  of  seven 
or  eight  hundred  men  under  Col.  Hyde  went  to  Middle- 
town,  Red  Bank,  Tinton  Falls,  Shrewsbury  and  other 
places,  robbing  and  burning  as  they  went.  They  took 
Justice  Covenhoven  and  others  prisoners.  Captain  Bur- 
rows and  Colonel  Holmes  assembled  our  militia  and 
killed  three  and  wounded  fifteen  of  the  enemy.  The 
enemy  however  succeeded  in  carrying  off  horses,  cattle 
and  other  plunder." 

In  the  above  extract  the  name  of  Justice  "Coven- 
hoven'"  is  mentioned.  The  names  of  different  members 
of  the  Covenhoven  family  are  frequently  met  with  in 
ancient  papers  and  records  among  those  who  favored 
the  patriot  cause.  Since  that  time  the  name  has  gradu- 
ally changed  from  Covenhoven  to  Conover. 

In  May.  two  or  three  weeks  after  the  above  affair, 
some  two  or  three  hundred  Tories  landed  at  Middletown, 
on  what  was  then  termed  a  " picarooning "  expedition. 
The  term  "  picaroon"  originally  meaning  a  plunderer  or 
pirate,  seems  to  have  been  used  in  that  day  to  convey 
about  the  same  idea  that  "raider"  did  in  the  late  Re- 
bellion. 

"June  9th,  1771*.  A  party  of  about  fifty  Refugees 
landed  in  Monmouth  and  marched  to  Tinton  Falls  undis- 
covered, where  they  surprised  and  carried  off  Colonel 
Hendrickson,  Colonel  Wyckoff,  Captain  Chadwick  and 
Captaiu  McKnight,  with  several  privates  of  the  militia, 
and  drove  off  sheep  and  horned  cattle.  About  thirty  of 
our  militia  hastily  collected,  made  some  resistance  but 
were  repulsed  with  the  loss  of  two  men  killed  and  ten 
wounded,  the  enemy's  loss  unknown. 

April  1st,  1780.  About  this  time,  the  Tories  made 
another  raid  to  Tinton  Falls,  and  took  off  seven  prison- 
ers.    Another  party  took  Mr.  Bowne  prisoner  at  Middle- 


88  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    ANT)    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

town,  who,  but  three  days  before  had  been  exchanged, 

and  had  just  got  home. 

About  the  last  of  April,  the  Refugees  attacked  the 
house  of  John  Holmes,  Upper  Freehold,  and  robbed  him 
of  a  large  amount  of  continental  money,  a  silver  watch, 
gold  ring,  silver  buckles,  pistols,  clothing,  Ac 

June  1st,  1780.  The  noted  Colonel  Tye,  (a  mulatto 
formerly  a  slave  in  Monmouth  Co.)  with  his  motley  com- 
pany of  about  twenty  blacks  and  whites,  carried  off 
prisoners  Capt.  Barney  Smock,  and  Gilbert  Van  Mater, 
spiked  an  iron  cannon  and  took  four  horses.  Their  ren- 
dezvous was  at  Sandy  Hook. 

Shortly  after  this,  Colonel  Tye  aided  in  the  attack  on 
Capt.  Joshua  Huddy,  at  his  house  at  Colts  Neck.  Col- 
onel Tye,  (or  Titus,  formerly  a  slave  belonging  to  John 
Corlies,)  though  guilty  of  having  a  skin  darker  than  our 
own,  yet  was  generally  acknowledged  to  be  about  the 
most  honorable,  brave,  generous  and  determined  of  the 
Refugee  leaders.  Like  our  forefathers,  he  fought  for  his 
liberty,  which  our  ancestors  unfortunately  refused  to 
give  him. 

October  15,  1781.  A  party  of  Refugees  from  Sandy 
Hook  landed  at  night,  at  Shrewsbury,  and  marched  un- 
discovered to  Colt's  Neck,  and  took  six  prisoners.  The 
alarm  reached  the  Court  House  about  four  or  live  o'clock 
P.  M.,  and  a  number  of  inhabitants,  among  whom  was 
Dr.  Nathaniel  Scudder,  went  in  pursuit.  They  rode  to 
Black  Point  to  try  to  recapture  the  six  Americans,  and 
while  tiring  from  the  bank,  Dr.  Scudder  was  killed.  Dr. 
Scudder  was  one  of  the  most  prominent,  active  and  use- 
ful patriots  of  Monmouth,  and  his  death  was  a  serious 
loss  to  the  Americans. 

About  the  beginning  of  August,  1782,  Richard  Wil- 
gus,  an  American,  was  shot  below  Allentown,  while  ou 
guard  to  prevent  contraband  trade  with  the   British. 

February  8th,  1782.  About  forty  refugees  under 
Lieut.  Steelman,  came  via  Sandy  Hook  to  Pleasant  A  al- 
ley. They  took  twenty  horses  and  five  sleighs,  which 
they  loaded   with  plunder  ;  they  also   took    several   pris- 


OLD    MONMOUTH    Dl  RING    THE    REVOL1  TION.  89 

oners,    viz:   Eendrick    Eendrickson    and    his   two   sons, 

IVter  Covenhoven,  or  Conover  as  the  name  is  now  called, 
was  made  prisoner  once  before  in  177'.*,  as  before  related, 
(Janet  Eendrickson,  Samuel  Bowne  and  son,  and  James 
Denise.  A.t  Garret  Bendrickson's  a  young  man  named 
William  Thompson,  got  ap  slyly  and  wmi  off  and  in- 
formed Capt.  John  Schenck,  of  Col.  Eolmes'  regiment, 
who  collected  all  the  men  he  could  to  pursue.  They 
overtook  and  attacked  the  refugees,  and  the  before  men- 
tioned William  Thompson  was  killed  and  Mr.  Cottrel 
wounded.  They  however  took  twelve  refugees  pris- 
oners, three  of  whom  were  wounded.  But  in  return- 
in-',  they  unexpectedly  fell  in  with  a  party  of  sixteen 
men  under  Stevenson,  and  a  sudden  tiring  caused  eight 
of  the  prisoners  to  escape.  But  ('apt.  Schenck  ordered 
his  men  to  charge  bayonet,  and  the  tories  surrendered. 
('apt.  Schenck  took  nineteen  horses  and  five  sleighs,  and 
took  twenty- one  prisoners. 

The  first  of  the  foregoing  extracts,  relating  to  a  raid 
of  the  British  in  Middletown  township,  in  1778,  and  land- 
ing near  Major  Kearney's,  in  the  vicinity  of  Keyport,  is 
probably  the  affair  referred  to  in  a  tradition  given  in 
Howe's  collections,  which  we  give  below,  as  it  explains 
why  the  Refugees  tied  so  precipitately.  It  will  be 
noticed,  however,  that  the  tradition  does  not  agree  with 
extract  quoted  as  to  damage  done  ;  but  we  have  no  doubt 
but  that  the  statement  copied  from  the  ancient  paper 
(Collins'  Gazette)  is  correct,  as  it  was  written  but  a  feAV 
days  after  the  affair  took  place. 

"  The  proximity  of  this  part  of  Monmouth  county  to 
New  York  rendered  it,  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution, 
peculiarly  liable  to  the  incursions  of  the  British  troops. 
Many  of  the  inhabitants,  although  secretly  favorable  to 
the  American  cause,  were  obliged  to  feign  allegiance  to 
the  crown,  or  lose  their  property  by  marauding  parties 
of  the  refugees,  from  vessels  generally  lying  oil'  Sandy 
Hook.  Among  those  of  this  description  was  Major 
Kearney,  a  resident  near  the  present  site  of  Keyport.  On 
one  occasion  a  party  of  thirty  or  forty  refugees  stopped 


90  HISTOBY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

at  his  dwelling  on  their  way  to  Middletown  Point,  where 
they  intended  to  burn  a  dwelling  and  sonic  mills.  Kear- 
ney feigned  gratification  at  their  visit,  and  falsely  in- 
formed them    there  were  probably  some  rebel  troops  at 

the  Point,  in  which  ease  it  would  be  dangerous  for  them 
to  march  thither.  He  ordered  his  negro  servant,  Jube, 
thither  to  make  inquiry,  at  the  same  time  secretly  giving 
him  the  cue  how  to  act.  In  due  length  of  time  Jube, 
who  had  gone  but  a  short  distance,  returned  and  hastily 
entered  the  room  where  Kearney  and  the  Refugees  were, 
and  exclaimed:  "Oh  Massa !  Massa !  the  rebels  are  at 
the  Point  thick  as  blackberries  !  They  have  just  come 
down  from  the  Court  House  and  say  they  are  going  to 
march  down  here  to-night."  The  ruse  succeeded  ;  the 
Refugees,  alarmed,  precipitately  retreated  to  their  boat-, 
leaving  the  Major  to  rejoice  at  the  stratagem  which  had 
saved  the  property  of  his  friends  from  destruction." 

The  probability  is  that  the  ruse  prevented  the  Refu- 
gees from  doing  as  much  damage  as  they  had  intended, 
although  they  remained  long  enough  to  inflict  considera- 
ble injury,  as  lias  been  related. 

FREEHOLD  IX  THE  REVOLUTION. 


A  few  days  previous  to  the  battle  of  Monmouth,  the 
prisoners  in  Freehold  jail,  six  of  whom  were  under  sen- 
tence of  death,  were  removed  to  the  jail  at  Morristown, 
under  charge  of  Nicholas  Van  Brunt,  who  was  at  the 
time  Sheriff  of  Monmouth  County.  The  following  is  an 
extract  from  the  minutes  of  the  State  Council  of  Safety, 
under  date  of  September  28,  1778  : 

"Agreed  that  there  be  paid  to  Mr.  Schenck  for  the 
use  of  Nicholas  Van  Brunt.  Sheriff  of  Monmouth,  for  his 
expenses  in  removing  the  prisoners  from  the  gaol  in 
Monmouth  Co.  to  that  of  Morris,  at  the  time  of  the 
enemy's  march  through  Monmouth  cV  in  fetching  back  to 
Monmouth  those  who  were  there  to  be  executed,  as  per 
his  account,  the  sum  of  £48  (is." 

It  will  be  remembered  that  the  corpse  of  Captain 
Joshua    Huddy,   after   his   murder,  was  brought    to    the 


FREEHOLD    IN    THE    REVOL1   I  [ON.  91 

house  of  Captain  James  Green,  al  Freehold.  Captain 
Green's  house  seems  to  have  been  the  principal  place, 
for  a  time,  in  Freehold,  for  meetings  to  transact  public 
business.  A.  number  of  trials  were  held  there,  notably 
Courts  of  Admiralty  to  try  claims  for  prizes  captured 
by  the  Americans.  Esquire  Abiel  Aiken,  of  Toms  River, 
had  one  here  the  week  before  Huddy  was  taken,  to  try 
the  claims  for  the  prize  "Lucy,'  of  which  William  Dil- 
lon had  been  master.  Dillon  was  one  of  the  eight  men  in 
Freehold  jail  under  sentence  of  death,  to  whom  Rev. 
Abel  Morgan  preached  in  June,  1778,  but  he  somehow 
escaped  death.  The  next  week  after  Esquire  Aiken  had 
the  examination  at  Captain  Green's  house,  at  Freehold, 
for  claims  against  Dillon's  vessel.  Dillon  piloted  the 
British  expedition  into  Toms  River,  which  destroyed  the 
block  house,  captured  Huddy  and  others,  and  burned 
the  village  and  Esquire  Aiken's  house  among  the  rest. 

Captain  -Tames  Green  may  have  been  a  seafaring- 
man  previous  to  the  war.  At  a  Court  of  Admiralty  he 
at  one  time  had  claim  on  the  Betty,  a  captured  prize. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  one  of  Captain  Huddy' s 
daughters  married  a  Green  and  the  other  a  Piatt.  This 
last  was  a  Middlesex  County  name.  John  Piatt  was 
sheriff  of  Middlesex  in  1779  and  thereabouts.  John  Van 
Kirk  was  sheriff  before  him,  aud  John  Conway  followed 
liim. 

In  Monmouth,  during  tlie  war,  Nicholas  VanBrunt 
was  sheriff,  then  David  Forman,  and  the  last  year  of  the 
war  John  Burrows,  Jr. 

In  1780,  sales  were  advertised  to  take  place  at  the 
house  of  Daniel  Randolph,  Freehold.  A  very  prominent 
man  at  Toms  River  in  the  early  part  of  the  war  was 
James  Randolph,  extensively  engaged  in  saw  mills  and 
other  business.  He  died  about  1781,  and  Daniel  Ran- 
dolph's appearance,  then,  at  Toms  River,  suggests  'that 
he  might  have  gone  there  to  manage  the  estate.  An  ex- 
ecutor named  Benjamin  Randolph  then  lived  in  Chest- 
nut street,  Philadelphia. 

James  Wall  is  named  as  an  innkeeper,  at  Freehold, 


92  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

in  1778,  and  William  Snyder,  innkeeper,  is  named  1770. 
The  only  paper  published  in  New  Jersey  then  was 
the  -V-  w  Jersey  Gazette,  of  which  Isaac  Collins  was  pub- 
lisher. There  were  no  post  offices  then  in  Monmouth. 
The  nearest  one  Mas  at  Trenton,  of  which  B.  Smith  was 
Post-Ma-ter.  The  New  Jersey  Gazettt  had  many  sub- 
scribers in  Monmouth,  to  whom  papers  were  delivered 
by  post  riders  who  undertook  such  business  on  their  own 
account. 

UPPER  FREEHOLD. 


GETTINO    READY  TO    TAB    AND    FEATHER  THE    KINo's  LAWYER — 
MONEY   TANK'    AMONG    "THE    MONMOUTH    PEOPLE,"    1769. 

By  the  courtesy  of  C.  1).  Deshler,  Esq.,  of  the  New 

Brunswick  Historical  Club,  the  Editor  of  the  Monmouth 
Democrat,  Mr.  James  S.  Yard,  was  given  permission  to 
publish  the  following  interesting  paper  communicated  by 
Mr.  Deshler  to   the  Club,  from  which  paper  it  is  copied  : 

Bernardus  Legrange,  an  attorney  living-  at  New 
Brunswick  in  17<'.D.  was  complained  of  to  the  Assembly 
for  having  taken  exorbitant  fees.  For  this  he  was  repri- 
manded by  the  Council,  but  this  punishment  was  miti- 
gated by  their  publishing,  subsequently,  letters  from 
Chief  Justice  Smith,  and  Second  Justice  Bead,  which 
stated  that  his  charges  were  only  such  as  were  custom- 
arily made. 

Shortly  after,  a   singular  letter  was  addressed  to  Le- 
grange.    It  was   anonymous,  and  was  thought   to   be  of 
sufficient  importance  t<>  be  inserted  in  the  Minutes  of  the 
Assembly.     It  was  as  follows: 
To  Bernardus  Legrange,  Esq.,  Attorney  at  Law  in   New 

Brunswick  : 

Friend  Legrange — As  I  am  a  lover  of  peace  and 
concord,  there  is  nothing  gives  me  greater  pleasure  than 
beholding  the  same  having  a  subsistence  among  man- 
kind. And  on  the  other  hand  there  is  nothing  can  give 
me  so  much  pain  as  to  see  any  of  the  human  species  be- 
come a  Nuisance  to  the  commonalty  of  mankind. 
Whether  they  become  such  thro"  an  act  of  inadvertence 


UPPER    I  RE1  BOLD.  93 

or  from  a  selfish  ambition.  As  for  the  lsl  I  heartily  be- 
moan and  bewail  them  (as  it  may  flow  from  some  iiatnr;i! 
passion)  and]  think  so  ought  all  considerate  men  rather 
than  ridicule  'em;  for  my  own  part  I  am  always  Led  to 
pit\  &  Lament  the  condition  of  that  man  I  see  ad  against 
his  own  peace  &  well-being  here.     And  if  it  is  Ambition, 

that  has  made  him  such  to  his  fellow  creatures,  Oh! 
Wretch  indeed!  that  Satan  shou'd  lift  up  his  mind,  that 
he  shou'd  become  the  cause  of  his  own  ruin,  and  the  de- 
vision  and  hissing  of  the  general  part  of  his  acquaint- 
ance. What  has  begotten  you  the  hatred  A-  aversion  of 
the  public  in  these  parts  are  best  known  to  thyself,  & 
whether  deservedly  or  undeservedly  I  shall  not  deter- 
mine: but  one  thing  I  can  assure  you,  that  thou  hast 
accrued  it  to  the  highest  degree.  And,  if  thou  comesi 
this  way,  may  God  Almighty  have  Mercy  on  thee,  for  I 
am  convinced  the  people  have  none,  if  the  Lord  does  not 
turn  their  hearts  from  their  present  resolutions. 

I  will  let  thee  know  what  I  heard  the  other  day 
among  a  parcel  of  people,  having  met  accidentally  with 
'em  at  the  Mill  at  English  town  concerning  you  and  some 
more  of  your  brethren;  thee  especially  they  seemed  to 
have  the  greatest  grudge  against:  One  of  them  said. 
He  wished  that  fellow  Legrange  would  come  to  Court 
this  mouth,  he  should  not  escape  from  out  of  a  back 
window  as  he  did  before;  another  of  the  company  makes 
answer  Damn  him,  I  hear  he  is  to  come  and  act  as  King's 
Attorney  ;  but  that  shall  not  screen  the  rascal,  says  he  ; 
Aye,  says  he,  the  lawyers  has  done  that  a  purpose,  that 
we  might  not  disturb  the  villain  ;  but  if  we  catch  him, 
we  will  Legrange  him  ! 

I  hearing  the  people  expressing  themselves  in  this 
manner  I  began  to  examine  them  what  you  had  done  unto 
them  that  enraged  them  so  against  you.  Why,  says  one, 
he  will  bring  down  our  heads  A  humble  us.  They  say 
you  egged  up  their  Creditors  to  put  their  bonds  in  suit 
saying  Monmouth  people  are  all  like  to  fail,  and  much 
more  of  the  like  nature.  And,  I  inquired,  if  they  cou'd 
prove  their  assertions  against  you,  they  say,  yes  they  can, 
by  some  of  their  creditors;  and  will  if  you  carry  some 
action  ;  but  I  could  not  learn  against  whom,  or  where 
the  person  lived. 

Yesterday  I  was  in  Upper  Freehold  among  some 
Company,  where  I  heard  them  resolve  concerning  you, 
much  the  same  as  above;  wishing  you  might  come  to 
Court,  for  there  were  between  seven  and  eight  hundred 
of  them  ready  to  receive  you.     Nay,  I  have  heard  some 


94  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

of  tliem  declare  solemnly  they  would  use  you  as  the  in- 
formers were  used  at  New  York  and  Philadelphia.  I 
know,  they  collected  some  mone}'  to  purchase  two  barrels 
of  Tar  and  have  agreed  with  a  man  to  haul  it  a  Monday. 
And  as  far  as  I  can  learn  it  is  for  you.  They  intend  to  tar 
A*  feather  you,  and  to  cart  you  from  the  Court  house  to 
Vankirk's  Mill  &  hack  again.  In  imitation  of  the  Oister- 
man  in  New  York. 

I  shou'd  have  taken  the  trouble  to  come  to  your 
house  and  informed  you  of  the  plotters  against  your  per- 
son ere  now,  only,  as  I  have  some  considerable  property 
in  this  County,  I  know  they  would  utterly  ruin  me  if  they 
knew  I  divulged  to  you  the  least  matter. 

Friend  Legrange,  you  can  act  as  you  think  will  best 
suit  you.  Only  I  would  advise  you  as  a  friend,  to  con- 
sider seriously  the  fury  of  an  enraged  mob  ;  mad  with 
oppression ;  and  think  deliberately  with  yourself  how 
you  expect  to  escape  their  hands  :  O,  I  beseech  Y^ou !  to 
ponder  well  in  your  own  breast,  the  fate t  of  many  Kings 
£  Princes,  when  they  become  obnoxious  or  hateful  to  the 
people.  And  the  spirit  of  rioting  seems  to  increase  in 
our  day  ;  think  'of  the  fate  of  Major  James  Ogden,  and 
many  of  the  custom  house  officers.  Nay,  we  have  daily 
instances  of  one  or  another  falling  a  sacrifice  to  the  peo- 
ple when  provoked.  And  I  can  positively  affirm  if  thou 
hadst  dwelt  in  this  County  there  would  not  been  left  one 
stone  on  another  of  your  house  ere  now. 

Raro  antecedentem  scelestum  desiruit  pede  poena- 
ceaudo. 

I  ordered  my  young  man  to  leave  this  for  you,  at 
your  house  or  Duff's  for  thee. 

This  letter  was  thought  of  sufficient  importance  1  >y 
the  House  of  Assembly  to  be  made  the  subject  of  its 
action,  and  the  following  additional  record  is  to  be  found 
concerning  it  in  the  Minutes  of  Assembly  : 

"On  the  question 

"  Resolved  that  the  said  letter  is  scandalous  and  un- 
warrantable :  and  that  this  house  look  upon  the  same  as 
manifestly  tending  to  a  breach  of  the  public  peace. 
The  voices  being  equal  the  Speaker  decided  in  the  Affirm- 
ative." 

On  the  vote  the  members  from  Middlesex  voted  in 
the  negative,  and  those  from  Monmouth  and  Somerset 
were  divided. 


OLD   TIMES.  95 

OLD  TIMES. 


AN  ANCIENT  TAVEBN   BOOK. 

Certainly  the  tavern  accounts  of  a  New  Jersey  C t- 

tr\  Inn,  of  over  an  hundred  years  old,  would  l>e  a 
curiosity.  The  kindness  of  a  friend  lias  placed  before  us 
just  such  a  document.  It  is  a  home-made  book  of  the 
ancient  ribbed  and  unruled  fools-cap  paper.  The  hook 
is  made  by  folding  each  leaf  down  the  middle,  lengthwise, 
so  that  each  sheet  makes  four  leaves  or  eight  pages. 
The  length  is  thirteen  inches,  and  the  width  is  nearly 
four  and  one-half  inches.  The  cover  is  also  home-made, 
being  of  a  coarse,  thin  paste-board,  made  by  pasting  to- 
gether several  sheets  of  paper,  and  then  pasting  a  strip 
of  thin  paper  a  quarter  of  an  inch  wide  round  the  border. 
The  opening  is  made  on  the  inside  of  the  cover,  where 
the  owner  writes:  "His  Book  of  Tavern  Accompts 
November  14  1766  the  Money  prock."  The  abbreviated 
word  "prock"  needs. explanation,  which  has  been  kindly 
furnished  by  Mr.  C.  D.  Desbler,  of  the  New  Brunswick 
Historical  Club.  It  alludes  to  the  official  and  legislative 
proclamations  regulating  the  currency  as  to  its  value. 
The  accoiuits,  however,  are  kept  (though  not  very  artisti- 
cally, yet  with  care,)  in  pounds,  shillings  and  pence. 

A  private  note  accompanying  the  book  informs  us 
that  it  is  "the  account  of  a  hotel  in  Somerset  county." 
However  that  may  be,  the  names  found  in  the  entries  are 
the  family  names  of  nearly  all  the  old  families  of  Mon- 
mouth county,  and  the  adjoining  county  of  Middlesex. 
There  are  accounts  with  one  hundred  and  forty  persons. 
Very  numerous  among  these  are  the  Cowenhovens.  Of 
these  one  is  entered  with  strict  formality  as  "  Win. 
Cowenhoven  Pt  S."  and  another  as  "  Court  house  William 
Cowenhoven."  We  have  also  the  Buckelews,  Carliles, 
Combses,  Claytons,  Cassleers,  Campbells,  Clarks,  Craigs, 
Millers,  Coopers,  Disborrows,  Dorsets,  Englishes,  Em- 
leys,  Erricksons,  Fornians,  Gastons,  Pages,  Herberts, 
Hagemans,  Loyds,  Lairds,  Murrays,  Moxols,  Morfords, 
Newells,  Perines,  Patersons,  Kue,  Reed,  Smalley,  Smith, 


96  HIsTokv   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAM    COUNTIES. 

Scobey,  Polhamicees,  Tilton,  Wooley,  Winerite,  White, 
&c.  Ir  is  seen  that  these  names  are  spelled  differently 
now.  And  \.-r\  curious  are  the  entries  in  this  old  book. 
Doubtless  the  following  customer  was  a  hard  working, 
sturdy  woman  of  those  times.     We  copy  the  whole  entry: 

1767.  DOLLEY   HAGEMAN,  Dr. 

January  2  To  1  mug  of  Cider  &  1-2  Dram  6. 

To  1  mug  of  Beer  6. 

To  1-2  Dram  2. 

To  2  mugs  of  Beer  1 — . 

April  8        To  1  Dram  4 

To  1-2  Dram  2. 


0.  2.  8. 
So  Dolley's  "  accompt "  was  0£.  2s.  8cL    She  paid  the 

ace  >unt.  as  it  is  cancelled  by  two  lines  drawn  diagonally 
across  the  page.  She  is  the  only  lady  customer  this 
trusting  publican  Lad.  A  customer  named  Rogers  lias  a 
1< »ng  and  varied  account  "To  1  mug  of  Cid.-r  Id"  oc- 
curs often.  We  hud  him  on  N^w  Year's  day  taking  "  1 
mug  of  Cider  at  -id.,*'  and  again  on  the  same  day  indulg- 
ing in  two  mugs,  for  which  he  is  charged  8d.  The  next 
day    we    find    him    charged  with  "  2  Pints  of  Cider  Id. 

Query:  did  a  mug  of  cider  contain  two  pints,  as  it  is 
charged  4d.,  also  ?  If  so,  on  New  Year's  he  must  have 
taken  three  quarts  of  apple  juice.  I  This  same  day  he  is 
charged  "to  Victuals  5d.  To  1  Dram  Id.  To  Supper 
10d.  To  Hot  Bum  Is.  2d."  As  a  dram  was  a  gill,  and 
cost  4d.,  this  hot  rum  at  14  pence  must  have  been  a 
pretty  heavy  night-cap  after  supper.  But  this  customer 
was  generous,  as  we  find  him  charged  "To  liquor  in 
Company  (that  is,  to  treating  round)  Is.  7d."  Other  en- 
tries against  him  are  in  March,  "  1  mug  of  Beer  6d." 
Next    month    occurs   an   entry    "2    mugs    of   beer   Gd." 

Query:  did  they  have  different  sized  mugs?)  The  en- 
trie-,  ...-cur  "To  Beer  and  egg  ruin  9<L  To  liquor  & 
Bread  &  Cheese  Is.  lid.  To  Beer  &  Egg  Rum  9A  April 
9.  To  1  Dram  &  Pint  of  Beer  7.  To  ( !ash  2a  To  1  Egg 
Dram  6.     On  this  date  is  an  entry  to  his  favor  :    "  Or.  Bv 


OLD    I  i.MKS.  !»7 

( lash  7s.  6d."  Tu  o  days  after,  another  tit  i  >f  g(  >od  n.it  are 
conies  on,  so  he  is  charged  "To  Dinner  &  Liquor  in 
Coin  1 1.  Ls.  8d, "  and  the  same  day  he  borrows  of  tin-  la  mi- 
lord Is.  On  the  27th  he  stands  charged  "To  2  Drams 
8<L     To  Egg  Rum  &  Win.'  Is.  Id." 

In  an  account  running  against  one  William  Orchard 
through  several  months,  we  find  among  many  entries  for 
drinks  certain  items  thai  would  indicate  him  to  lie  aped- 
dler,  and  which  afford  some  insight  into  traveling  ex- 
penses: "To  Victual  &  mug  of  Cider  Is.  6d.  To  Lodg- 
ing 4d.  To  hay  &  oats  for  horses  ls.  To  breakfast  and 
dram  ls.  To  hay  1  day  &  1  Night  ls.  To  2  Quarts  of 
oats  M.  To  Breakfast  &  mug  Cider  ls.  2d.  To  Dinner 
Is.     To  hay  for  your  horse  Is."  &c. 

A  curious  account  is  one  that  shows  a  bad  debt 
brought  from  the  day  book,  and  the  landlord's  shrewd- 
ness in  his  further  dealing.  The  account  is  as  follows  : 
1766.         Matthew  Rue,  Blacksmith  Dr. 

Dec  16.     Brought  from  the  Day  Book  1.  6. 

Jan  30.     To  mug  of  Beer  on  a  ship  in  pawn  6. 

So  the  poor  blacksmith  had  to  pawn  a  miniature 
ship  in  order  to  get  his  drink.  As  to  how  the  affair  ended. 
there  is  no  clue. 

Among  a  good  many  entries,  William  Carlile  is 
charged  "  To  1  Sling  6d.  ^To  1-2  Bowie  of  Punch  9.  To 
1  Pint  of  Beer  3d.  To  1  mug  of  Beer  6d."  It  would 
seem,  then,  that  the  mug  was  of  the  capacity  of  a  quart. 

In  the  account  of  David  Welch,  January  12,  1767,  is 
the  entry  :  "  To  mug  of  Beer  Wagered  on  Carlisles  Wed- 
ding 6."  The  same  day  Welch  is  charged  "  To  Stewed  & 
Rum  5d."  What  cookery  may  be  implied  in  the  word 
"  stewed  "  is  not  clear,  as  the  price  does  not  permit  the 
following  to  explain  it  :  "  To  Cider,  Quaker  &  Beer  ls. 
3d.  To  mug  of  Stewed  Quaker  ls."  This  "Stewed 
Quaker"  consisted  of  cider  with  some  cider  oil  in  it,  and  a 
hot  roasted  apple  floating  on  top.  This  whim  of  the  fre- 
quenters of  our  ancient  American  Tavern  was  really  only 
a  refinement  on  the  luxury  indulged  in  by  the  evening 
patrons  of  the  old  English   hostelry,   when  a  roasted  or 


98  BI8T0RI    OF    MoNMOI'TH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

wild  apple  was  floated  on  the  mugs  of  ale.  David 
Welch's  account  runs  through  four  months,  and  foots  up 
ii  15s.  2d.  At  the  bottom  is  written:  "The  above  ace.  is 
paid." 

Oue  Peter  Yatsman  runs  an  account  in  the  years 
1766—67—68.  From  the  nature  of  the  entries  it  would 
seem  that  he  is  a  traveler — likely  a  peddler — as  among 
similar  entries  is  found  this  one:  "To  hayStablmg,  Sup- 
per, Lodging  A-  Rum  2s.  8d."  The  heaviest  single  entry 
in  tin-  Look  occurs  in  his  account.  "  To  liquor  A  Vict- 
uals in  Com.  6s.  3d."  He  is  also  charged  "  To  1  Bole  of 
Toddy  Is.,"  and  to  "a  pound  and  a  half  of  Tobacco  lid." 
We  suspect  a  half  pound  was  meant.  Peter  is  credited 
by  "31s.  york,"  which  is  entered  as  "  1  i:.  9s.  6cL,"  and 
finally  (a  rare  case,  certainly),  the  landlord  makes  a 
closing  entry  of  7s.  2d.  in  Yatsman's  favor. 

One  David  Wilson  seems  remarkably  free,  as  in  a 
short  account  he  is  charged  seven  times  licpioring  and 
victualing  tin-  company.  This  Mr.  Wilson  stands,  in  one 
entry,  credited  with  "two  turkeys,  total  5s.  6d." 

A  John  Cowenhoven  stands  charged  "To  1  mug  of 
SwezeL"  What  that  is,  does  not  appear;  but  it  cost  10d., 
and  as  a  mug  of  cider  cost  but  4,  and  a  mug  of  beer  but 
6,  it  was  rather  costly. 

Charles  Scobey   gets   credit   "  By  soaling  2  pairs  of 

Shoes,  4s. 

Jonathan  Forman  gets  credit  for  "  two  bushels  of 
Corn,  (is.'" 

In  settling  one  account  certain  differences  are  struck 
between  York  money  and  Prock  (proclamation)  money, 
and  an  allowance  is  made  for  what  is  called  "light 
money." 

This  short  sketch  from  this  curious  old  book,  is 
<nven  to  show  the  prices  of  some  things  at  that  time.  It 
would  be  interesting  to  get  at  the  old  time  talks,  when 
the  old  folks  gathered  at  this  hostelry  to  hear  the  news 
and  discuss  the  scandals.  The  book  shows  vividly  the 
social  status  of  the  alcohol  question  then.  Among  the 
names  is  one  Gilbert  Tennent — we   dare  not  say  it  was 


0]  D   TIMES    IN    OCEAN    C0UN1  Y.  99 

tin-  minister,  because  we  are  aot  sun-.  But  this  is  cer- 
tain, that  since  then  the  change  in  sentiment  has  been 
stupendous.  Tt  was  then  do  disgrace  to  sit  in  the  tavern 
and  indulge — the  wedding,  the  funeral,  the  ministers' 
gathering,  all  saw  the  social  cup  pass  freely.  Verily, 
temperance  men  have  wrought  wonders  ;  and  the  world 
moves  for  the  better,  as  is  testified  to  by  this  old  witness 
of  the  days  of  1766. 

OLD  TIMES  IX  OCEAN  COUNTY. 


REMINISCENCES     OF     ITS     DISCOVERY — SETTLEMENT—  CHURCH 

HISTORY — REVOLUTIONARY  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  MATTER 

SCENES   ON   THE   COAST— FISHING   AN'D    WHALING — RELIG- 
IOUS  SOCIETIES,    &C. 

The  first  mention  by  Europeans  of  that  portion  of 
our  State  now  comprised  within  the  limits  of  the  county 
of  Ocean  is  contained  in  the  following  extract  from  the 
journal  kept  by  Robert  Juet  mate  of  the  "Half  Moon," 
of  which  ship  Sir  Henry  Hudson  was  commander.  Sir 
Henry  Hudson  himself  has  given  us  no  account  of  his 
discoveries  on  this  trip  in  1609.  The  Half  Moon  left 
Delaware  Bay  and  was  proceeding  northerly  along  our 
coast  when  Juet  wrote  as  follows  : 

"  Sept.  2nd  160(.).  The  course  along  the  land  we 
found  to  be  N.  E.  by  N.  from  the  land  which  we  first  had 
sight  of  until  we  came  to  a  great  lake  of  water  as  we 
could  judge  it  to  be,  being  drowned  land  which  made  it 
rise  like  islands,  was  in  length  ten  leagues.  The  mouth 
of  the  lake  has  many  shoals  and  the  sea  breaks  upon 
them  as  it  is  cast  out  of  the  mouth  of  it.  And  from  that 
lake  or  bay  the  land  lays  X.  by  E.  and  Ave  had  a  great 
stream  out  of  the  bay,  and  from  thence  our  soundings 
was  ten  fathoms  two  leagues  from  land.  At  five  o'clock 
we  anchored  in  eight  fathoms  water,  wind  light.  Far  to 
the  northward  we  saw  high  hills." 

The  next  morning  the  Half  Moon  proceeded  on  to- 
wards the  Highlands. 

Juet's  description  of  the  coast,  its  two  courses,  one 


100         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

above  and  the  other  below  Barnegat  gives  it  as  it  still  is  ; 
the  soundings  are  about  as  he  describes,  and  the  iulet 
and  bay  still  present  the  same  appearance. 

SAW  AND    GRIST  MILLS    IN    ANCIENT    TIMES — FORD,    FERRY,   ETC. 
AT    TOMS    RIVER. 

Among  the  sawmills  first  erected  in  Ocean  county 
may  be  mentioned  the  following  : 

John  Eastwood  had  a  sawmill  on  Cedar  Creek  pre- 
vious to  1740. 

Edward  Beak's,  sawmill,  Kettle  Creek,  1742. 

Van  Hook's  sawmill,  Dry  Cedar  Swamp  Brook,  1749. 

Everingham's  sawmill,  north  branch  Toms  River, 
1750. 

Van  Horn's  sawmill,  Van  Horn's  brook,  Toms  River, 
1759. 

Coward's  sawmill,  north  branch  Toms  River,  1762. 

In  the  New  York  Gazette^  April,  1768,  appears  an 
advertisement  offering  for  sale  a  tract  of  land  of  1,000 
acres  at  Toms  River;  also  a  sawmill  four  miles  from  the 
bay,  renting  for  82,000  fest  good  inch  boards  a  year. 
The  advertisement  is  signed  by  Paul  and  Abraham 
Schenck,  and  reference  given  to  John  Williams,  Tiniconk 
Bridge. 

Jackson's  Mills  and  Schenck's  Mills,  Jackson  town- 
ship, Willett's  Mills,  Stafford,  Kimmons'  Mills,  New  Egypt 
and  mills  on  Forked  River  (upper  mill),  Waretown  and 
Oyster  Creeks,  wTere  also  built  at  an  early  date.  The  saw 
and  grist  mill  at  Toms  River  (where  the  village  now  is) 
were  burnt  by  the  British,  March,  1782. 

We  find  that  some  of  these  mills  were  established 
farther  up  some  of  these  streams  than  many  now  would 
suppose  would  be  the  case  ;  the  lumber  would  be  made 
into  small  narrow  rafts  and  floated  down  towards  the 
bay,  where  vessels  would  be  in  readiness  to  carry  it  to 
market.  Old  Cranberry  Inlet  being  then  open  it  was 
much  more  convenient  to  get  to  New  York  than  at  the 
present  day. 

In  1748  we  find  in  ancient  records  mention  of 
Marcus  Hedden's  dam   at  Toms  River  called  "  The  old 


W_ . — -  «.x-  — - 


OLD  DIMES  IX  OCEAN  COUNTY.  101 

giving  over  place;"  other  writings  speak  of  "The  old 
riding  overplace,"  which  was  near  the  presenl  bridge. 
In  1749   we   find   mention  of  A.    Luker's  Ferry  at   Toms 

River. 

The  first  land  taken  up  at  Toms  River  appears  to 
have  been  a  small  tract  of  17  \-'l  acres  along  the  river 
near  Messrs.  Aumack's  store  Nov.  14th,  1741  ;  and  same 
date  a  tract  7~>  acres  back  of  Cowdrick's  Hotel — by 
James  Alexander,  Surveyor  General. 

ORIGIN     VXD  SIGNIFICATION   OF   SOME  0E   THE    NAMES  IX   OCEAN 
COUNTY,    HISTORICAL,    TRADITIONAL  AND  CONJECTURAL. 

Mannahawkin  :  This  name  is  from  tlie  original  In- 
dian designation  of  the  place  and  signifies  "good  corn 
land." 

Bamegat:  From  the  Dutch  and  signifies  "Ijivakers 
Inlet,"  or  an  inlet  with  breakers.  It  was  first  written 
"  Bar-ende-gat,"  then  "  Barndegat"  and  finally  the  present 
orthography  was  adopted. 

11  nr'  Ion-,,  :  So  called  from  an  early  settler  named 
Abraham  Waeir  who  died  in  that  village  March  24th, 
1768,  aged  S.l  years. 

Toms  River:  So  called  from  a  noted  Indian  living- 
there  previous  to  the  Revolution.  It  is  said  he  held  some 
office  under  the  British  Government,  but  proving  a  de- 
faulter was  deprived  of  it  and  disgraced. 

\>  w  Egypt :  One  tradition  says  this  place  was 
formerly  called  "  Kimmons  Mills  "  a  man  named  Kim- 
rnons  owning  the  mills  there  ;  and  from  the  amount  of 
corn  raised  and  sold  in  the  vicinity,  people  at  a  distance 
used  to  speak  jokingly  of  "  going  to  Egypt  to  buy  corn," 
and  hence  the  name. 

Goodluck  :  There  is  a  tradition  to  the  effect  that  a 
man  on  horseback  being  pursued  by  some  enemies  in- 
tent on  taking  his  life,  rode  his  horse  into  the  bay  and 
swam  him  across  to  the  point  of  land  near  the  mouth  of 
Toms  River  now  known  as  Goodluck  Point  by  which 
means  he  escaped  and  to  commemorate  his  deliverance  he 
called  it  "  Goodluck  Point."  In  regard  to  the  name  of 
Goodluck  applied  to  the  village,  another  tradition  says  it 


102  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

was  given  by  Rev.  John  Murray  on  account  of  the  good 
luck  which  he  seemed  to  meet  with  there.  As  Murray  must 
have  originally  landed  near  Goodluck  Point,  it  is  not  im- 
probable that  fancying  the  name  as  applied  to  the  Point 
he  might  under  the  circumstances  have  bestowed  it  upon 
the  village. 

Barende-Gat;  The  name  Barende-gat  in  Dutch 
signifies  Breakers  inlet  or  an  inlet  with  breakers  ;  it  ap- 
pears to  have  been  applied  to  the  inlet,  not  as  a  perma- 
nent name,  but  only  as  one  descriptive  of  the  inlet,  by  the 
first  discoverers  along  our  coast ;  the  same  name  is  found 
upon  some  ancient  maps  applied  both  to  Absecon  and 
Barnegat. 

The  name  Barnegat  in  ancient  times  was  not  only 
applied  to  the  inlet  and  bay  but  to  much  or  most  of  the 
land  bordering  on  the  bay. 

EMPLOYMENT    OF    OCEAN    COUNTY    VESSELS. 

The  establishment  of  saw  mills  rendered  it  necessary 
to  have  vessels  to  carry  lumber  to  market ;  these  vessels 
were  generally  sloops.  This  was  about  the  beginning  of 
the  coasting  trade  for  which  Ocean  county  has  since  been 
so  noted.  After  a  time  these  first  vessels  found  addi- 
tional employment  in  carrying  cedar  rails  to  market  ; 
after  a  time  this  trade  began  to  fail  but  about  the  time 
it  failed  the  invention  of  steamboats  caused  a  demand  for 
pine  wood.  Since  then  a  large  number  of  vessels  owned 
and  manned  by  citizens  of  this  coimtyhave  been  steadily 
engaged  in  the  wood  trade  ;  when  the  supply  of  pine 
wood  failed  in  the  county,  larger  vessels  were  built  and 
proceeded  to  Maryland  and  Virginia  to  obtain  it. 

When  the  largest  of  the  timber — -such  as  was  fit 
for  marketable  wood,  was  cut  off,  the  charcoal  trade  next 
furnished  employment  for  many  of  the  smaller  class 
coasting  vessels.  The  charcoal  trade  was  commenced 
about  forty  years  ago. 

At  the  present  time  most  of  the  coasting  vessels 
(generally  schooners — two  or  three  masted)  are  too  large 
to  enter  our  bay  loaded  ;  they  are  engaged  in  the  coasting 
rade  from  New  York  to  Southern  and  Eastern  ports.     A 


OLD   TIMES   IN    OCEAN    COUNTY.  103 

large  amount  of  capital  is  invested  by  our  citizens  in 
these  vessels,  much  larger  than  Custom  House  records 
would  show,  as  most  of  them  take  out  papers  at  New 
York,  Perth  Amboy,  Little  Egg  Harbor  and  other  places 
out  of  the  county  or  out  of  the  Custom  House  district. 
It  is  difficult  now  to  give  the  precise  amount  of  capital 
invested,  but  it  is  probable  that  between  half  a  million  and 
a  million  dollars  is  now  invested  in  vessel  property  by 
O^ean  county  citizens.  Most  of  these  vessels  are  built 
in  the  county,  but  some  have  been  built  on  the  North 
River,  at  Alio  way  stown,  N.  J.,  and  other  places. 

(As  there  is  no  Custom  House  in  Ocean  county,  my 
impression  is  that  much  of  the  vessel  property  owned 
here  is  credited  to  other  places ;  for  instance,  if  three- 
fourths  of  a  vessel  is  owned  here  and  one-fourth  in  New 
York,  the  vessel  will  be  enrolled  in  New  York,  as  it  is 
convenient  to  renew  papers  there.) 

(APT.    HENDRICKSOX  AND    THE"  ONREST." 

The  first  Europeans  who  ever  landed  within  the 
limits  of  our  county,  it  is  probable,  were  Capt.  Hencl- 
rickson  and  his  companions  in  the  celebrated  yacht 
"  Onrest"  (Restless),  although  we  have  no  positive  infor- 
mation to  settle  the  point.  The  evidence,  though  cir- 
cumstantial, is  strong.  It  will  be  remembered  that  Mr. 
Brodhead,  the  Historian  of  N.  Y.,  discovered  a  map  in 
Holland  supposed  to  have  been  published  or  made  about 
October,  1614.  This  map  gives  so  correct  a  representa- 
tion of  Barnegat  Bay  and  the  various  streams  running 
into  it  that  it  bears  upon  its  face  evidence  of  having  been 
made  from  actual  exploration.  In  regard  to  the  author- 
ship of  this  map  of  1611,  I  am  unaware  of  its  being 
attributed  to  an}T  one  ;  but  it  will  be  remembered  that 
the  little  "Onrest,"  after  returning  from  her  cruise  in  the 
Spring  of  that  year  under  Adrien  Block  (from  the  East- 
ward), was  taken  in  charge  by  Capt.  Hendrickson  who 
sailed  out  of  Sandy  Hook  southerly  for  the  express  pur- 
pose of  making  discoveries  and  exploring  the  coast. 
Most  map^  made  during  the  succeeding  fifty  or  seventy- 
five  years  give  so  incorrect  representations   of  Barnegat 


101         EISTORV    OF   MONMOUTB    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIE8. 

Bay  and  the  streams  emptying  into  it  that  they  doubt- 
lessly were  mad  ■  by  persons  who  never  entered  the  ba\ 
at  all,  but  only  sailed  along  outside  the  beach.  Navigar, 
tors  in  vessels  outside  could  easily  d  itermine  the  length. 
and  quite  accurately  tha  width,  also,  but  could  see  no 
streams.  It  is  true  that  in  the  noted  "Figurative"  map 
of  1616,  of  Capt.  Hendriekson's,  we  rind  nothing  to  justify 
the  supp  »sition  that  he  entered  this  bay,  but  that  map 
does  not  appear  to  have  been  made  to  give  exact  particu- 
lars of  discoveries,  but  only  to  give  general  outlines  of 
the  coast  for  an  especial  and  different  purpose,  viz  :  to 
illustrate  and  explain  his  demands  for  certain  special 
trading  privileges.  From  the  object  he  had  in  view  in 
cruising  along  our  coast  in  1614  :  from  the  size  of  his 
little  vessels  so  well  adapted  for  coming  in  our  inlet 
which  the  larger  Dutch  vessels  could  not  do  ;  from  the 
improbability  of  any  other  navigator  cruising  along  here 
that  year;  from  the  date  of  the  map  corresponding  so 
nearly  t<>  the  time  of  his  trip  :  from  the  probabilities  that 
he  must  have  made  a  more  minute  map  of  the  coast  than 
his  figurative  one — from  all  these  circumstances  combined, 
it  seems  reasonable  to  suppose  that  the  "  Onrest,"  the 
first  vessel  ever  built  in  America,  was  the  first  that  ever 
entered  Barnegat  Bay. 

FISHING    A.\D    WHALIXO. 

The  fishing  privileges  afforded  in  the  vicinity  of 
Barnegat  Bay  were  frecpuently  enlarged  upon  by  the  Pro- 
prietors and  others,  to  indii33  psrsousto  settle  along  the 
bay  and  even  whaling  was  exp  set  >d  to  prove  quite 
profitable.  The  celebrated  navigator  De  Yries  tells  us 
that  on  the  loth  of  April,  1633,  h  ■  was  off  "  Barendegat, 
where  in  two  hours  he  took  upwards  of  eighty  codfish 
better  than  those  of  Xew  Foundland.  Samuel  Groonie 
in  order  to  effect  the  establishment  of  this  branch  of 
cominBrce  was  very  anxious  for  a  spsedy  arrangement 
with  the  Indians  whereby  lanl-i  n  >aT  l>  irn  >g  it  might  be 
secured." 

The  work  of  Scott,  1685,  before  alluded  to,  says: 
"  Bornogat  •.  or  Burning  Hole,  is   said  to  be  a    very 


OLD    TIMES    IN    OCEAN    COUNTY.  L05 

good  pla?e  for  fishing  and  there  are  sour-  desiring  to 
take  up  land  thsra  who  Lnfor ji  ug  that  il  is  good  land 
and  abundance  of  m  ladotx  Lying  in  it." 

Though  whaling  turned  out  generally  unprofitable, 
yel  our  first  settlers  found  inducements  enough  to  locate 
here  in  other  fisheries,  the  abundanc  i  of  oysters,  wild 
fowl,  etc.;  these,  together  with  the  meadow  and  farm 
land  adjacent  to  th  i  bay,  rendered  the  n  scessaries  of  life 
easily  obtainable.  These  first  settlers,  losating  them- 
selves along  the  bay  or  upon  streams  near  the  bay,  do 
not  appear  to  have  taken  upland;  the  presumption  is, 
that  th"  Proprietors  persuaded  them  to  come  and  locate 
upon  their  lands  or  were  anxious  to  have  them  do  so  as 
a  means  of  drawing  other  settlers  here.  A  few  families 
appear  to  have  been  in  the  county  scattered  at  various 
points  as  early  as  about  1700,  and  slowly  increased  in 
numbers  until  from  1735  to  1740,  about  which  time  (as 
far  as  I  have  been  able  to  ascertain  I  settlers  first  began 
to  take  up  land.  Then  (1735  40)  we  find  the  next  in- 
ducement to  locate  here  was  the  valuable  sites  for  mills 
afforded  by  the  numerous  streams  and  the  facilities  for 
the  lumber  trade;  s  im3  of  the  first  mills  established  in 
Ocean  county  it  may  be  proper  to  mention. 

SETTLERS  FROM   LONG   ISLAND. 

It  is  said*  that  the  Dutch,  after  displacing  the 
Swedes  along  the  Delaware  in  1655,  and  while  under  the 
Governorship  of  Peter  Alricks  and  others,  acquired  large 
tracts  of  country  upon  the  eastern  side  of  New  Jersey. 
According  to  some  traditionary  accounts,  persons,  either 
Swedes  or  Dutch,  from  along  the  Delaware  about  this 
time  visited  Ocean  county  and  endeavored  to  induce  per- 
sons to  settle  along  Toms  River,  but  this  point  is  not  as 
yet  conclusively  settled. 

Besides  the  reasons  ottered  by  the  Proprietors  to  in- 
duce persons  to  settle  here  we  have  other  causes  which 
actuated  many  of  the  first  settlers  to  locate  here  and  in 
other  parts  of  East  Jersey,  given  in  the  following  extract 

:    Hi>t.  Coll.  N.  J. 


106  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

from  ;i  letter  of  Lord  Cornbury  s  to  the  Board  of  Trade, 
dated  July  1st,  1708. 

"  Two  sorts  of  people  remove  out  of  this  Govern- 
ment (New  York)  to  neighboring  provinces  ;  the  first  are 

trading  men ;  of  these  but  few  have  removed  since  I 
came  hither.  The  other  sort  are  husbandmen.  Of  this 
sort  many  are  removed  lately,  especially  from  Kings 
county,  Long  Island.  Many  of  our  early  settlers  along 
shore  came  from  Long  Island  about  the  time  referred  to 
by  Lord  Cornbury — those  on  the  lower  part  of  our 
county  chiefly  by  way  of  Egg  Harbor.  And  the  reasons 
they  remove  are  of  two  kinds,  namely  :  The  first  is  be- 
cause Kings  county  is  small  and  full  of  people,  so  as  the 
young  grow  up  they  are  forced  to  seek  land  farther  off 
to  settle  on.  The  land  in  the  Eastern  Division  of  New 
Jersey  is  good  and  not  very  far  from  Kings  county; 
there  is  only  a  bay  to  cross.  The  other  reason  that  in- 
duces them  to  move  into  New  Jersey  is  because  tiny  pay 
no  taxes  ;  no,  nor  no  duties." 

Lord  Cornbury  then  proceeds  to  propose  plans  to 
check  this  emigration,  but  we  find  that  Gov.  Robt.  Hun- 
ter, i  April  30th,  1716,)  still  complains  of  "  the  great 
numbers  of  the  younger  sort  who  leave  Long  Island 
yearly  to  plant  in  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania." 

EARLY  SETTLEBS  OF  OCEAN. 
As  before  stated,  many  of  the  early  settlers  of  Ocean 
county  came  from  Long  Island,  probably  a  majority  of 
those  in  the  lower  part  of  the  county.  Many  of  these, 
perhaps  most  of  them,  came  by  the  way  of  Little  Egg 
Harbor. 

From  Long  Island  tax  rates  1675,  to  His;,  arc  gath- 
ered the  following  among  other  familar  Ocean  county 
names  : 

Oyster  Bay:  Birdsalls,  Willetts,  Homers,  Town- 
sends.  Andrews. 

Grave»<nd :  Tiltons,  Davis,  Woolleys,  Johnsons, 
Stillwells,    \Vilkins. 

Brooklnan :  Salmons,  Rogers,  Platts,  Jones, 
Coxes,  Hulses. 


OLD   TIMES    IN    OCEAN    COUNTY.  K»7 

Southampton  :     Roses,  Mills,  Cooks,  Komptons. 

Southold :      Baileys,  Salmons. 

Ecutt  Hampton  :     Osbornes. 

Newtown  :  Lawrences,  Pangborus,  Moores,  Smiths, 
Southards,  Salmons,  Whites,  Williams,  Formans,  Bird- 
sails,  Burchams. 

Iu  several  Long  Island  towns  are  the  Lawrences, 
Conklins,  Williams,  Rogers,  etc. 

From  Burlington  county  came  the  Pharos,  Ridg- 
ways,  I mlays,  Jennings,  Mills,  etc. 

Among  families  supposed  to  have  come  from  Middle- 
sex are  the  Parkers,''  Gulicks,  Randolphs,  Predmores, 
etc. 

A  large  number  of  early  settlers  came  from  Mon- 
mouth: the  Stouts,  Holmes,  Couovers,  Lawrences,  Rus- 
sells,  Herberts,  and  others  too  numerous  to  mention. 

Many  families  of  the  same  name  appear  to  have 
com?,  in  different  parts  of  the  county,  from  different 
places,  as  Mills,  Cooks,  Johnsons,  etc. 

Among  early  settlers  who  are  referred  to  in  ancient 
deeds  but  of  whom  little  is  known  as  to  their  origin,  we 
find  Wm.  Chamberlain  whose  house  stood  on  the  north 
side  of  Oyster  Creek,  1739  ;  Bobert  Hewlett's  dwelling, 
Goodluck,  1748,  and  Nicholas  Brown,  Mannahawkin. 

Mem :  The  county  was  so  sparsely  populated  a 
century  ago  that  I  doubt  if  it  contained  over  twelve  or 
fifteen  hundred  people,  though  so  large  in  territory. 

OLD  SHREWSBURY  TOWNSHIP — THE  DUTCH  IN  NEW  JERSEY. 

Ocean  it  will  be  remembered  was  once  a  part  of 
Monmouth,  and  Monmouth  was  formerly  divided  into 
Middletown  and  Shrewsbury.  Shrewsbury  then  ex- 
tended to  tli3  most  southerly  point  of  the  present  county 
of  Ocean ;  it  is  therefore  proper  to  make  some  reference 
to  old  Shrewsbury. 

The  celebrated  Stout  manuscript  says  that  in  1618 
there  were  only  six  white  families  in  Middletown.  It  is 
doubtful  if  there  were  any  then  in  Shrewsbury.     Shrews- 

*  For  Parker  family  sep  '■  Contributions  to  E.  J   Hist,  by  W.  A.  Whitehi  ad 


108         HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH   AND    Or  KAN     COUNTIES, 

bur j  was  first  settled  by  emigrants  from  Connecticut 
iu  1664. 

The  following  items  relating  not  only  to  Shrewsbury, 
but  to  other  parts  of  East  Jersey,  may  be  new  to  some ; 
they  are  from  the  Dutch  records  during  their  brief  sway 
in  1673. 

After  displacing  the  English,  the  Dutch  sent  officers 
into  East  Jersey  to  administer  to  the  inhabitants  : 

THE    OATH    OF   ALLEGIANCE. 

"  Aug.  12th,  1673.  The  inhabitants  of  Middletown 
and  Shrewsbury  are  required  and  charged  to  send  their 
deputies  unto  us  on  Tuesday  morning  next  to  treat  upon 
surrendering  their  said  towns  to  the  Dutch. 

i  Signed)  ( '<  h:\elius  Evertie, 

Jacob  Benches. 

"  14th  7ber  1673.  Capt.  Knyff  and  Lieut.  Snell  re- 
turned yesterday  morning  from  Aghter  Coll*  and  reported 
that  pursuant  to  their  commissions  they  had  adminis- 
tered the  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  inhabitants  of  the 
undernamed  towns,  who  are  found  to  number  as  in  the 
lists  herewith  delivered  to  Council :" 

Elizabethtown,   80  men,  76  took  oath — rest  absent. 


New  Wark, 

86 

a 

75     " 

((                a                   a 

Woodbridge, 

54 

a 

53     " 

"     one  absent. 

Piscataway, 

43 

a 

43     " 

" 

Middletown, 

60 

it 

52     " 

" 

Shrewsbury, 

68 

a 

38     " 

18  Quakers 

promised  allegiance — rest  absent." 

By  the  foregoing  census  it  appears  that  the  men  in 
East  Jersey  that  year  numbered  391.  Allowing  the  pop- 
ulation to  have  been  four  times  as  many  as  the  popula- 
tion of  East  Jersey  that  year  (1673)  would  have  been 
1564,  and  of  Shrewsbury  272. 

Many  original  Monmouth  settlers  were  Dutch  from 
Holland.  The  Holland  Dutch  origin  is  stdl  preserved 
by  many  familiar  names  as  shown  elsewhere. 

The  Holland  Dutch  i  or  Law  Dutch,)  are  proverbially 


Aghter  '(ill.  or  Renter  Coll.  meaning  "beyond  the  hills"— beyond  Bergen  Hills— 
the  name  applied  to  East  Jersey 


OLD    TIMES    IN    o<T.\N    col  \TY.  1  09 

a  remarkably  cleanly  and  neat  people—  so  much  so,  thai 
we  hardly  dare  call  in  question  the  truth  of  the  stor\  of 
one  of  our  very  neat,  tidy  Monmouth  Dutch  Grandmoth- 
ers who  scrubbed  her  floor  so  thoroughly  and  so  often, 
that  one  day  she  scrubbed  through  and  fell  into  the  cellar 
and  broke  her  neck. 

The  following  item  also  relates  to  Shrewsbury  : 

"Whereas  the  late  chosen  Magistrates  of  Shrews- 
bury are  found  to  he  persons  whose  religion  will  not 
suffer  them  to  take  an  oath,  it  was  ordered  that  a  new 
nomination  of  four  persons  of  true  Protestant  Christian 
religion  out  of  which  I  shall  elect  two  and  continue 
one  of  the  former  Magistrates. 

Anthony  Colve,  Gov. 

29th  7th  her  1673. 

Magistrates  of  Shrewsbury,  sworn  Sept.  1st,  167:!: 

John  Hance,  Eleakim  Wardil,  Hugh  Dyckman. 

Capt.  Knyff  and  Lieut.  Snell  reported  also  that  they 
had  sworn  in  certain  officers  of  the  militia  in  said  towns. 
For  Middletown  and  Shrewsbury  were  the  following  : 

Middletown  —  Jonathan  Holmes,  Captain;  John 
Smith,  Lieut.;  Thomas  Whitlock,  Ensign. 

Shrewsbury  --  William  Newman,  Captain;  John 
AVilliamson,  Lieut.;  Nieles  Brown,  Ensign. 

In  1682  the  population  of  Shrewsbury  was  estimated 
at  400,  and  several  thousand  acres  of  laud  were  under 
cultivation. 

PROPRIETORS'  DIVISION  OF    LANDS. 

The  first  mention  that  I  now  remember  to  have  met 
with  of  any  part  of  the  present  county  of  Ocean  in  any  offi- 
cial publi  ■  English  records  is  in  the  grant  of  the  Duke  of 
York  to  Berkely  and  Carteret  July  29th,  1C74.  In  giving 
the  bounds  of  territory  it  is  described  as  extending  "  as  far 
southward  as  a  certain  creek  called  Barnegat,  being  about 
the  middle  point  between  Sandy  Hook  and  Cape  May, 
and  bounded  on  the  west  in  a  strait  line  from  said  creek 
called  Barnegat  to  a  certain  creek  in  Delaware  river  next 
adjoining  to  and  below  a  certain  creek  in  Delaware  river 
called  Renkokus."     (Learning  &  Spicer,  p.  46.) 


110         HISTORI    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

The  above  quotation  is  repeated  in  Carteret's  in- 
structions to  planters  and  settlers,  (Learning  and  Spicer, 
p.  50.) 

In  the  Proprietors'  Instructions  to  the  Deputy  Gov- 
ernor, Julv  3d,  1(585,  it  is  ordered  : 

"  That  whenever  there  is  a  convenient  Plott  of  land 
lying  together,  containing  twenty -four  thousand  acres  as 
we  are  informed  will  more  especially  be  the  case  at  Bar- 
negatte,  it  l>e  divided  and  marked  into  twenty-four  parts, 
a  thousand  acres  to  each  Proprietary  and  the  parts  being 
made  as  equal  as  ran  be  for  quality  and  situation,  the 
first  comers  settling  to  have  the  choice  of  the  Divisions 
and  where  several  stand  equal  in  that  respect  upon  equal 
Terms  and  Time  of  settling  it  be  determined  by  lot,"  etc. 

(The  sections  proceed  to  give  farther  directions  in 
regard  to  dividing  the  lands  which  are  to  be  found  in 
Learning  and  Spicer,  pages  210-211.) 

TRAVELING    IN   ANCIENT   TIMES. 

Although  the  majority  of  persons  who  earliest  visited 
Ocean  county  travelled  along  the  shore,  yet  it  is  probable 
that  the  north-westerly  and  northerly  portions  of  the 
county  were  occasionally  traversed  by  travelers  crossing 
our  State  long  before  there  were  any  settlements  of 
whites  in  the  central  portion  of  New  Jersey.  These  trav- 
elers crossed  the  State  for  various  reasons,  some  for 
curiosity,  perhaps,  or  to  explore  it  ;  some  on  public  or 
private  business  between  the  early  settlements  in  New 
York  and  East  Jersey,  adjacent,  and  the  settlements  on 
the  Delaware,  as  in  the  case  of  Capt.  William  Tom  and 
Peter  Alrioks,  1671 ;  others  as  missionaries  or  traveling 
preachers  between  settlements  in  this  and  other  Staffs. 

I  know  of  no  account  which  gives  the  precise  route 
usually  travelled  then,  but  it  would  be  reasonable  to  sup- 
pose they  followed  the  usual  Indian  trails  or  paths. 
Among  these  paths  we  find  occasional  mention  in  ancient 
jMonmouth  and  Ocean  records  of  "  Burlington  old  path," 
among  other  places  referred  to  in  1767  in  the  act  creating 
the  township  of  Dover  now  in  Ocean. 


THE   COMING    OF  THE    w  nil  i:    U  w  Ill 

THE  COMING  OF  THE  WHITE  MAN. 


WHAT  THE  INDIANS  THOUGHT  OF  THE  WHITES  AND  THEIR 
ships. — THE  NATIVES  ASTONISHED.  THE  MAN  IN  BED  AND 
THE  RED  MAN. — FIRE  WATER  AND  ITS  FIRST  INDIAN  VIC- 
TIM.— THE  FIRST  INDIANS  DRINK,  &C. 

After  Sir  Henry  Hudson's  departure  from  the  shores 
of  Monmouth  he  proceeded  towards  Manhattan  Island 
and  thence  up  the  river  now  bearing  his  rfame.  The  fol- 
lowing traditionary  account,  the  coining  of  the  Whites 
according  to  Heckwelder,  was  handed  down  among  both 
Delaware  and  Iroquois  Indians.  It  is  not  often  we  meet 
in  fact  or  fiction  a  more  interesting  story  than  this  plain, 
simple  Indian  tradition.  After  explaining  that  the  Indian 
chiefs  of  old  Monmouth  County  notified  the  chiefs  on 
York  or  Manhattan  Island,  and  that  the  chiefs  of  the 
surrounding  country  finally  gathered  at  the  last  named 
place  to  give  a  formal  reception,  the  tradition  sa}-s  : 

A  long  time  ago  before  men  with  a  white  skin  had 
ever  been  seen,  some  Indians  fishing  at  a  place  where  the 
sea  widens,  espied  something  at  a  distance  moving  upon 
the  water.  They  hurried  ashore,  collected  their  neigh- 
bors, who  together  returned  and  viewed  intently  this 
astonishing  phenomenon.  What  it  could  be,  baffled  con- 
jecture. Some  supposed  it  to  be  a  large  fish  or  other 
animal,  others  that  it  was  a  large  house  floating  upon  the 
sea.  Perceiving  it  moving  towards  the  land,  the  spec- 
tators concluded  that  it  would  be  proper  to  send  runners 
in  different  directions  to  carry  the  news  to  their  scattered 
chiefs,  that  they  might  send  off  for  the  immediate  attend- 
ance of  their  warriors. — These  arrived  in  numbers  to 
behold  the  sight,  and  perceiving  that  it  was  actually 
moving  towards  them,  that  it  was  coming  into  the  river 
or  bay,  they  conjectured  that  it  must  be  a  remarkably 
large  hous3  in  which  the  Manitto  or  Great  Spirit  was 
coming  to  visit  them.  They  were  much  afraid  and  ypt 
under  no  apprehension  that  the  Great  Spirit  would  injure 
them.  They  worshipped  him.  The  chiefs  now  assembled 
at  New  York  Island  aDd  consulted  in  what  manner  thev 


112         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

should  receive  their  Manitto;  meat  was  prepared  for  a 
sacrifice.  The  worn. mi  were  direct  -d  to  prepare  their  best 
victuals.  Idols  or  images  were  examined  and  put  in 
order.     A  grand  dance  they  thought  would  be  pleasing, 

and  in  addition  to  the  sacrifice  might  appease  liiin  if 
hungry.  The  conjurers  were  also  set  to  work  to  deter- 
mine what  this  phenomenon  portended  and  what  the  re- 
sult would  be.  To  the  conjurers,  men,  women  and  chil- 
dren looked  for  protection.  Utterly  at  a  loss  what  to  do, 
and  distracted  alternately  between  hop;'  and  fear,  in  the 
confusion  a  grand  dance  commenced.  Meantime  fresh 
runners  arrived,  declaring  it  to  be  a  great  house  of  vari- 
ous colors  and  full  of  living  creatures.  It  now  appeared 
that  it  was  their  Manitto.  probably  bringing  some  new- 
kind  <>f  game.  Others  arriving  declared  it  positively  full 
of  people  of  different  color  and  dress  from  theirs,  and 
that  one  appeared  altogether  in  /•"/.  i  This  was  sup- 
posed to  In-  Sir  Henry  Hudson.  I  This  then  must  be  the 
Manitto.  They  were  lost  in  admiration,  could  not 
imagine  what  the  vessel  was,  whence  it  came,  or  what  all 
this  portended.  They  are  now  hailed  from  the  vessel  in 
a  language  they  could  not  understand.  They  answered 
by  a  shout  or  yell  in  their  way.  The  house  or  large 
canoe  as  some  call  it.  stops.  A  smaller  canoe  comes  on 
shore  with  the  red  man  in  it:  some  stay  by  the  canoe  to 
guard  it.  The  chief  and  wise  men  form  a  circle  into 
which  the  red  man  and  two  attendants  enter.  He  salutes 
them  with  friendly  countenance,  and  they  return  the 
salute  after  their  manner.  They  are  amazed  at  then- 
color  and  dress,  particularly  with  him.  who  glittering  in 
red.  wore  something,  perhaps  lace  and  buttons,  they 
could  not  comprehend.  He  must  he  the  great  Manitto, 
they  thought,  but  why  should  he  have  a  white  skin? 

A  large  elegant  Houckhack  (gourd,  /'.  <.  bottle,  decan- 
ter, A;c..>  is  brought  by  one  of  the  supposed  Manitto's 
servants,  from  which  a  substance  is  placed  into  smaller 
cups  or  glasses  and  handed  to  the  Manitto.  He  drinks, 
has  the  glasses  refilled  and  handed  to  the  chief  near 
him.       He  takes   it,  smells   it.  and   passes   it  to  the  next, 


THE    COMING    OF   THE    W  BITE    .MAN.  I  I.'! 

who  does  the  same  The  glass  in  this  manner  is  passed 
around  the  circle  and  is  about  to  be  returned  bothered 
clothes  man.  when  one  of  the  Indians,  a  greai  warrior, 
harangues  them  on  the  impropriety  of  returning  the  cup 
unemptied.  It  was  handed  to  them,  he  said,  by  the 
Manitto,  t<>  drink  out  of  as  he  had.  To  follow  his  ex- 
ample would  please  him— to  reject,mighl  provoke  his 
wrath;  and  if  no  one  else  would,  he  won  Id  drink  it  him- 
self, let  what  would  follow ,  for  it  were  1)  stter  for  one  man 
to  die,  than  a  whole  nation  to  be  destroyed.  He  then 
took  the  glass,  smelled  it,  again  addressed  them,  bidding 
adieu,  and  drank  its  contents.  All  eyes  are  now  fixed 
ii] ton  the  first  Indian  in  New  York,  who  had  tasted  the 
poison,  which  has  since  effected  so  signal  a  revolution  in 
the  condition  of  the  native  Americans.  He  soon  began 
to  stagger.  The  women  cried,  supposing  him  in  fits. 
He  rolled  on  the  ground;  they  bemoan  his  fate  ;  they 
thought  him  dying;  he  fell  asleep;  they  at  first  thought 
he  had  expired,  but  soon  perceived  he  still  breathed  ;  he 
awoke,  jumped  up,  and  declared  he  never  felt  more 
happy.  He  asked  for  more,  and  the  whole  assembly 
imitating  him  became  intoxicated.  While  this  intoxica- 
tion lasted,  the  whites  confined  themselves  to  their  ves- 
sels ;  after  it  ceased,  the  man  with  the  red  clothes  re- 
turned and  distributed  beads,  axes,  hoes  and  stockings. 
They  soon  became  familiar,  and  conversed  by  signs.  The 
whites  made  them  understand  that  they  would  now  re- 
turn home,  but  the  next  year  they  would  visit  them  again 
with  presents,  and  stay  with  them  awhile  ;  but  as  that 
they  could  not  live  without  eating,  they  should  then 
want  a  little  land  to  sow  seeds,  in  order  to  raise  herbs  to 
put  in  their  broth. 

Accordingly  a  vessel  arrived  the  season  following, 
when  they  were  much  rejoiced  to  see  each  other ;  but 
the  whites  laughed  when  they  saw  axes  and  hoes  hang- 
ing as  ornaments  to  their  breasts ;  and  the  stockings 
used  as  tobacco  pouches.  The  whites  now  put  handles 
in  the  axes  and  hoes  and  cut  down  trees  before  their 
eyes,  dug  the  ground,  and  showed  them  the  use  of  stock- 


114  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ings.  Here,  say  the  Indians,  a  general  laugh  ensued — 
to  think  they  had  remained  ignorant  of  the  use  of  these 
things,  and  had  borne  so  long  such  heavy  metals  sus- 
pended around  their  necks.  Familiarity  daily  increas- 
ing between  them  and  the  whites — the  latter  prepared  to 
stay  with  them — asking  them  only  for  so  much  land  as 
the  hide  of  a  bullock  spread  before  them  would  cover ; 
they  granted  the  request.  The  whites  then  took  a  knife, 
and,  beginning  at  a  place  on  the  hide,  cut  it  up  into  a 
rope  not  thicker  than  the  linger  of  a  little  child.  They 
then  took  the  rope  and  drew  it  gently  along  in  a  circular 
form,  and  took  in  a  large  piece  of  ground  ;  the  Indians 
were  surprised  at  their  superior  wit,  but  they  did  not 
contend  with  them  for  a  little  ground,  as  they  had 
enough.  They  lived  contentedly  together  for  a  long 
time,  but  the  new  comers  from  time  to  time  asked  for 
more  land,  which  was  readily  obtained,  and  thus  gradu- 
ally proceeded  higher  up  the  Mahica/nnittuck  {Hudson 
River),  until  they  began  to  believe  they  would  want  all 
their  country,  which  proved  eventually  to  be  the  case. 

The  name  which  the  Indians  first  gave  to  the  whites 
was  Woapsiel  Lenna/pe,  which  signified  white  people. 
But  in  process  of  time,  when  disagreeable  events  occur- 
red between  them,  the  Indians  laid  aside  this  name  and 
called  them  Sohwonndek — the  salt  people — because  they 
came  across  the  salt  water  ;  and  this  name  was  always 
after  applied  to  the  whites. 

The  foregoing  traditions  are  said  to  have  been 
handed  down  among  both  Delaware  and  Iroquois. 

The  Delawares  owned  and  were  spread  over  the 
whole  country,  from  New  York  Island  to  the  Potomac. 
They  say  they  had  a  great  many  towns,  among  other 
places  a  number  on  the  Lennapewihittack  or  Delaware 
river,  and  a  great  many  in  SheyichM  on  that  part  of  the 
country  now  named  Jersey.  That  a  place  named  Ghi- 
chohaci,  now  Trenton,  on  the  Lannapewihittuck  a  large 
Indian  town  had  been  for  many  years  together,  where 
their  great  chief  resided.  The  Delawares  say  Chick- 
ohacki  is  a  place  on  the  east  side  of  the  Delaware  river 


TOWNSHIPS    IN    OCEAN    COUNTY.  I  L5 

above   Philadelphia,  at  or  near  a  greal    bend  where  the 

white   people    lmve    since     lniilt     ;i     town     which     thev    call 

Trenton.  Their  < >1 « 1  town  was  on  a  high  bluff  which  was 
always  tumbling  down,  wherefore  the  town  was  called 
Chiehohacki,  which  is  tumbling  banks,  or  falling  banks. 
When  the  Europeans  first  arrived  at  York  Island 
the  Great  CJnami  chief  of  the  Turtle  tribe  resided  south- 
ward across  ;i  Large  stream,  or  where  Amboy  now  is. 
That  from  this  town  a  very  Long  sand  bar  (Sandy  Hook) 
extended  far  into  the  sea.  That  at  Amboy  and  all  the 
way  up  and  down  their  Large  rivers  and  bays  and  on 
great  islands  they  had  towns  when  the  Europeans  first 
arrived,  and  that  it  was  their  forefathers  who  first  dis- 
covered the  Europeans  on  their  travel,  and  who  met 
them  on  York  Island  after  they  landed. 

TOWNSHIPS  IN  OCEAN  COUNTY. 


The  present  county  of  Ocean,  as  before  stated,  was 
once  a  part  of 'Shrewsbury.  This  was  the  case  until 
1749  when  a  portion  of  the  lower  part  of  Shrewsbury 
was  set  off  and  formed  into  the  township  of  Stafford. 

The  patent  creating  the  township  of  Stafford  is 
dated  March  3d,  17-19,  and  was  issued  in  the  reign  of 
George  II,  and  is  signed  by  Gov.  Belcher.  As  this  is 
probably  the  first  official  public  document  relating  to 
any  portion  of  the  present  county  of  Ocean  it  is  a  mat- 
ter of  gratification  to  know  that  this  patent  is  still  in  ex- 
istence in  good  preservation.  It  is,  as  was  usual,  upon 
parchment,  with  the  great  seal  of  the  province  of  New 
Jersey  attached,  the  impression  of  which  still  shows  to 
good  advantage. 

(This  patent  at  present  writing  is  in  the  care  of  the 
author  hereof.) 

The  next  division  of  Shrewsbury  affecting  the 
county  of  Ocean,  was  the  creation  of  the  township  of 
Dover  June  24th,  1767,  when  Win.  Franklin  was  Gov- 
ernor. In  the  recital  of  the  boundaries  of  Dover,  men- 
tion is  made  of  "  Burlington  old  path  "  where  it  crosses 


116  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

the  north  branch  of  Toms  River,  &c."  (This  "Barling- 
ton  old  path  "  is  the  one  before  referred  to  as  haying 
been  probably  traversed  by  early  travelers.) 

The  other  townships  in  Ocean  have  been  set  off 
within  late  years. 

Jackson  was  originally  set  off  in  1844;  Plumsted  in 
1845;    Union  in  1846  ;  Brick  in  1850. 

Plnmsted,  it  is  said,  was  named  in  honor  of  Clement 
Plnmsted  one  of  the  early  Proprietors  ;  Brick  after  Jo- 
seph W.  Brick,  a  prominent  citizen  of  the  township ; 
Jackson,  probably  after  General  Andrew  Jackson,  but 
some  contend  it  was  also  after  the  proprietor  of  "  Jack- 
son's Mills,"  who  was  an  early  and  prominent  settler  in 
the  township ;  perhaps  the  township  received  its  name 
on  account  of  both. 

"When  application  was  made  to  have  "  Union "  set 
off  it  was  proposed  at  first  to  call  it  "  Stratton,"  after 
Gov.  Charles  Stratton,  but  the  proposition  failed. 

POPULATION    OF    EAST   JERSEY,    SHREWSBURY.    &C. 

It  may  not  be  amiss  to  introduce  some  brief  items 
relative  to  and  showing  the  increase  of  population  in 
this  section  of  the  State  and  also  of  the  State  at  large, 
as  possessing  some  general  interest ;  though  some,  per- 
haps all  of  them,  may  be  familiar  to  those  well  versed  in 
our  early  history,  yet  they  may  contain  something  not 
generally  known  to  the  public. 

In  1648  the  celebrated  Stout  manuscript  says  there 
were  only  six  white  families  in  Middletown. 

In  1673  Capt.  Knyff  and  Lieut.  Snell's  report  shows 
there  were  391  male  adults  in  East  New  Jersey. 

In  1682  the  population  of  Shrewsbury  township  was 
estimated  at  400,  and  Middletown  100  families. 

In  1702  the  population  of  the  whole  State  was  esti- 
mated at  about  20,000.     (Vide  Hist.  Coll.  N.  J.) 

In  1703  Col.  Lewis  Morris  estimates  the  population 
of  East  Jersey  at  8,000. 

(Historical  Collections  of  N.  J.  page  29,  says  the 
population  of  New  Jersey  in  1702  was  supposed  to  be 
about  20,000,  of  which  12,000  belonged  to  East  Jersey 


oil:   coast.  117 

and  8,000  to  Wesi  Jersey,  and  Militia  L,400;  bul  CoL 
Stoma  estimates  aa  above  onlj  8,000  in  East  Jersey  the 
fellow  ing  year.  I 

In  17'Jii  the  population  of  the  whole  State  was 
32,442.  A.s  these  appear  to  have  been  the  firsl  nearest 
approach  which  I  bave  nut  with  to  a  complete  census  of 
the  State  this  year  (1726)  I  append  the  table  herewith  as 
I  notice  that  it  appears  to  have  escaped  the  attention  of 
some  writers  weU  versed  in  the  early  history  of  our 
State.  It  will  be  noticed  that  there  were  only  ten  coun- 
ties then. 

(See  census  table  accompanying 

In  17:is  the  population  of  New  Jersey  was  47, :Ji'.'. i    slaves  3,981. 
1745  "  '•  "        "  61,403     Slav.  -  1,603. 

The  last  two  are  given  on  authority  of  Morse's  Geog- 
raphy (old  Ed.) 

1765.  The  New  York  "  Post  Boy,"  December  1765, 
estimates  the  number  of  whites  and  blacks  capable  of 
bearing  arms  in  New  Jersey  then,  at  20,000.  The  British 
authorities  appear  to  have  kept  account  of  the  men 
capable  of  bearing  arms  about  this  period,  as  they  occa- 
sionally made  calls  or  drafts  for  men.  For  instance,  in 
1757-8  during  the  old  French  war,  in  our  State,  soldiers 
weri  raise  I  by  draft  to  go  North  to  meet  the  French. 
This  draft  operated  with  severity  among  Quakers,  espe- 
cially ;  many  were  forced  into  the  ranks  and  marched 
North,  but  fortunately  got  into  no  battles. 

OUR  COAST. 


DE.    KOHL  S    RESEARCHES.    . 

There  are  many  interesting  items  relating  not  only 
to  Ocean  county  but  to  the  State  at  large  to  be  collected 
from  ancient  maps  and  charts.  And  I  will  here  take  the 
liberty  of  calling  attention  to  that  portion  of  the  Report 
of  the  Superintendent  United  States  Coast  Survey  for 
1856  which  refers  to  the  labors  of  Dr.  J.  G.  Kohl.  By 
the  sketch  given  of  Dr.  Kohl's  report  to  the  United 
States  Superintendent  it  appears  that  he  has  examined 


IIS         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

about  live  hundred  charts,  maps  and  works  relating  to 

our  coast  from  1407  to  1855.  These  were  found  in  this 
country  and  Europe,  and  his  researches  for  information 
relative  to  the  American  coast  were  probably  the  most 
thorough  ever  made,  and  it  is  a  great  misfortune  that  his 
report  has  never  been  published,  but  yet  lies  buried  in 
the  archives  of  the  Superintendent's  office  at  Washing- 
ton As  the  United  States  Superintendent's  report  for 
1856  is  easily  to  be  obtained  for  reference,  it  is  unneces- 
sary here  to  give  a  full  description  of  Dr.  Kohl's  report ; 
it  will  suffice  to  state  that,  among  other  matters,  it  con- 
tains : 

A  history  of  the  Dutch  discoveries  and  of  expeditions 
to  the  regions  between  Virginia  and  New  England  execu- 
ted during  the  first  quarter  of  the  17th  century  by  Navi- 
gators Hudson,  Black,  Hendrickson,  Christiansen,  May. 
Vries,  and  others.  (Part  1st,  Chap.  10. )  The  first  part 
has  also  a  map  tracing  the  routes  of  the  principal  discov- 
erers, and  to  all  the  principal  bays,  harbors,  &c,  on  the 
coast  is  appended  the  names  of  the  principal  explorers. 

The  Second  part  of  Dr.  Kohl's  report  contains  a 
review  of  the  names  on  the  Atlantic  coast;  to  every 
name  is  added  an  essay  or  note  giving  the  origin  and 
changes  of  name,  its  history,  &c.  Part  1st,  Chap.  13, 
gives  New  Jersey  coast  from  Shrewsbury  inlet  to  Cape 
May  ;  chapter  14  gives  Delaware  bay  and  river. 

The  Third  part  contains  among  other  matter  a  list 
of  the  titles  of  books  which  treat  on  the  history,  geog- 
raphy, &c,  of  our  coast,  with  critical  notices ;  also  lists 
of  maps  and  surveys ;  and  has  copies  of  40  principal 
maps  having  especial  historical  interest. 

A  copy  of  so  much  of  Dr.  Kohl's  report  as  relates 
to  New  Jersey  would  prove  a  valuable  acquisition  to  our 
Historical  Collections.  Inasmuch  as  our  Government 
has  paid  for  his  report  it  should  be  published. 

SCENES    ON   THE    CO.. ST. 

August  5th,  1778.  "  Lately  retaken  and  brought 
into  Little  Egg  Harbor  by  two  New  England  privateers 
in  company  with  Capt.  John  Kice,  a  brig  and   a   sloop 


OUR  COA8T.  119 

loaded.  Several  at  the  Bame  time  takes  into  Great 
Egg  Earbor  by  the  privateer  sloop  Cornet,  Capt.  Xel- 
verton  Taylor  and  others."      [N.  J.  Gazette.) 

■"  V>\  a  gentleman  from  Egg  Harbor  we  learn  thai  a 
few  davs  since  a  sloop  from  Jamaica  bound  to  New 
York  was  brought  in  there.  Jt  seems  that  a  number  of 
Americans  captured  at  sea  and  carried  to  that  island  had 
bsen  put  on  board  in  order  to  be  sent  to  New  York,  and 
on  their  passage  rose  and  secured  the  master  and  hands 
and  brought  the  vessel  into  the  above  port.  She  was 
loaded  with  nun,  sugar,  etc." 

In  November,  17.SU,  several  persons  were  appre- 
hended in  Philadelphia,  for  carrying  on  a  contraband 
trade  with  the  enemy  by  way  of  Egg  Harlan-  vessels. 
Their  vessels  would  clear  for  Boston  hut  had  British 
passports.  Among  those  taken  were  Capt.  James  Steel- 
man.  John    Shaw, Black;  a  man   named  Atkinson 

concerned  with  them  escaped. 

CAPT.    WM.  MARRINER. 

"  June  17th,  1778.  Wm.  Marriner  a  volunteer  with 
eleven  men  and  Lieut.  John  Schenck  of  our  militia  went 
last  Saturday  evening  from  Middletown  Point  to  Long 
Island  in  order  to  take  a  few  prisoners  from  Flatbush, 
and  returned  with  Major  Moncrieff  and  Mr.  Theophilus 
Bache  i  the  worshipful  Mayor  and  Tormentor-General, 
David  Mathews,  Esq.,  who  has  inflicted  on  our  prisoners 
the  most  unheard  of  cruelties  and  who  was  the  principal 
object  of  the  expedition  being  unfortunately  in  the  city,) 
with  four  slaves  and  brought  them  to  Princeton  to  be  de- 
livered to  his  Excellency  the  Governor.  Mr.  Marriner 
with  his  party  left  Middletown  Point  on  Saturday  even- 
ing and  returned  at  six  o' cloak  the  next  morning  having 
traveled  by  land  and  water  above  fifty  miles  and  behaved 
with  the  greatest  bravery  and  prudence."  (Gazette.) 
SCENES    OX    THE    COAST  DURING    THE    REVOLUTION. 

The  sloop  Susanuah,  Capt.  Stoeker  of  eight  guns  and 
thirty-five  men,  fitted  out  at  Egg  Harbor.  On  the  29th 
of  August,  1778,  off  that  port  fell  in  with  the  "  Emerald" 
man  of  war  tender,  a  sloop  of  10  guns,  when  a  severe  en- 


120         HISTOKY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

gagemeut  ensued  in  which  the  Lieutenant  who  com- 
manded the  tender  with  several  of  the  crew  fell  and  the 
vessel  was  only  saved  by  flight.  Two  vessels  under  con- 
voy of  the  tender  in  the  beginning  of  the  action  stood  to 
the  northward  and  also  escaped.  Capt.  Stoeker  during 
the  engagement  showed  the  greatest  bravery  and  has 
gained  the  esteem  and  confidence  of  his  crew  ;  he  had 
one  man  killed  and  six  wounded. 

The  privateer  General  Lee  came  around  from  Egg 
Harbor  on  Saturday  last.     (Packet,  Sept.  1778.) 

About  the  last  of  September,  1778,  a  fleet  of  thirty 
British  vessels,  and  the  next  day  fifty  more,  sailed  south- 
ward along  our  coast. 

August  25th,  1779.  The  Schooner  Mars,  Capt.  Tay- 
lor, took  a  snow  (3  masted  vessel)  the  "  Falmouth  "  (see 
Hist.  Coll.  p.  66,)  a  packet  and  forty -five  prisoners ;  but 
the  prize  was  retaken  by  the  British  ;  Capt.  Taylor  got 
safe  into  Egg  Harbor.  In  September,  1779,  Capt  Tay- 
lor took  a  prize  into  Egg  Harbor,  containing  a  Hessian 
colonel  and  214  privates,  also  dry  goods,  etc. 

In  June,  1779,  some  Jerseymen  went  in  rowboats  to 
Sandy  Hook,  and  took  from  the  British  four  sloops,  one  of 
which  was  armed  ;  they  burned  three  and  took  one,  also 
nineteen  prisoners ;  the  share  of  prize  money  was  £400, 
per  man. 

About  December  1st,  1778,  Capt.  Stevens,  in  a  priva- 
teer belonging  to  Egg  Harbor,  took  the  schooner  Two 
Friends,  Capt.  Sion  of  New  York  ;  the  Two  Friends  had 
six  carriage  and  twelve  swivel  guns,  and  twenty-two 
men. 

About  September  1st,  1782,  Capt.  Douglas  with  some 
Gloucester  County  militia  attacked  a  Refugee  boat  at  Egg 
Harbor  with  eighteen  Refugees  on  board,  fourteen  of 
whom  were  shot  or  drowned,  and  four  escaped.  This  was 
supposed  to  be  the  band  that  robbed  Mr.  Fennemore, 
Collector  of  Burlington  County. 

Mem. — Very  many  exploits  on  our  coast  have  been 
published  in  Modern  works  and  are  here  omitted. 


SCENES    IN    OLD    MONMOl  Til.  121 

SCENES  IN  OLD  MONMOUTH. 


August  7th.  1782.     About  this   time  .in    American 


'o 


named  Richard  Wilgus  was  shoi  while  keeping  guard 
below    Allcntow  n    fco    prevent    contraband  goods  being 

taken  to  the  British. 

In  regard  to  tlio  attack  on  Capt.  Huddy's  house  the 

Philadelphia  Packet  contains  some  items  not  mentioned 
in  other  accounts.  The  Packet's  statements  are  as  rela- 
ted by  Capt.  Huddy  himself.  It  says  there  were  seventy- 
two  men  attacked  him  under  Lieut.  Joseph  Parker  and 
William  Hewlett  about  an  hour  before  day.  They  com- 
menced stoning  a  window  to  pieces  which  aroused  Capt. 
Huddy  ;  the  girl  helped  defend.  Mrs.  Huddy  and  another 
woman  tried  to  induce  him  to  surrender,  as  they  thought 
defence  was  useless.  Tye  who  is  here  called  "  one  of 
Lord  Dunmore's  crew,"  received  a  wound.  After  Huddy 
surrendered,  they  plundered  the  house.  They  were  two 
hours  in  taking  him.  Six  militia  came  near  and  fired  and 
killed  their  commander.  Ensign  Vincent  and  sixteen 
men  of  the  State  regiment  attacked  them  as  they  em- 
barked and  accidentally  wounded  Huddy ;  the  tiring- 
made  confusion  in  the  boats  and  one  overset  and  Huddy 
swam  ashore.  This  paper  says  the  Refugees  "  made  a 
silent  and  shameful  retreat  with  disgrace — two  hours  for 
seventy-two  men  to  take  one  man." 

The  Refugee  town  at  Sandy  Hook  was  not  allowed 
to  remain  unmolested  by  the  Americans.  Capt.  Adam 
Hyler  was  continually  on  the  alert  seizing  their  vessels 
there  and  taking  prisoners,  &c. 

Of  the  Pine  Robbers  such  as  Fenton,  Burke,  Fagan, 
and  others,  it  is  not  necessary  here  to  speak.  Accounts 
of  them  are  already  published  in  modern  works. 

April,  1870.  About  the  last  of  April  the  Refugees 
attacked  the  house  of  John  Holmes,  Upper  Freehold, 
and  robbed  him  of  a  very  large  amount  of  Continental 
money,  a  silver  watch,  gold  ring,  silver  buckles,  pistols, 
clothing,  &c. 

June    1st,    1780.     Colonel    Tye    (Mulatto)    with    his 


122         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

niotley  comj^any,  twenty  blacks  and  whites,  carried  off  as 
prisoners,  Captain  Barney  Smock  and  Gilbert  Yan  Ma- 
ter, spiked  an  iron  cannon  and  took  four  horses.  Their 
rendezvous  was  said  to  be  Sandy  Hook. 

About  this  time  Colonel  Tye  with  sixty  Eefugees  at- 
tacked Captain  Huddy's  dwelling  at  Colt's  Neck.  (See 
Hist,  Coll.  p.  365.) 

(The  Refugees  had  a  settlement  or  "town"  as  it  was 
often  called  at  Sandy  Hook. ) 

October  15th,  1781.  A  party  of  Refugees  from  Sandy 
Hook  landed  at  night  at  Shrewsbury  and  marched  undis- 
covered to  Colt's  Neck  and  took  six  prisoners.  The  alarm 
reached  the  Court  House  about  4  or  5  o'clock,  P.  M.,  and 
a  number  of  inhabitants,  among  whom  was  Dr.  Nathaniel 
Scudder,  went  in  pursuit.  They  rode  to  Black  Point  to 
try  to  recapture  the  six  Americans,  and  while  firing  from 
the  bank  Dr.  Scudder  was  killed. 

February  8th,  1782.  About  forty  Refugees  under 
one  Lieut.  Steelman  came  via  Sandy  Hook  to  Pleasant 
Valley.  They  took  twenty  horses  and  five  sleighs,  which 
they  loaded  with  plunder ;  they  also  took  several  prison- 
ers, viz  :  Hendrick  Hendrickson  and  his  two  sons,  Peter 
Covenhoven,  Esq.,  Garret  Hendrickson,  Samuel  Bowne 
and  son,  and  Jacques  Denise.  At  Garret  Hendrickson's 
a  young  man  named  William  Thompson  got  up  slyly  and 
went  off  and  informed  Captain  John  Schenck  of  Colonel 
Holmes'  regiment,  who  collected  all  the  men  he  could,  to 
pursue.  They  overtook  and  attacked  them,  and  the  be- 
fore mentioned  William  Thompson  was  killed,  and  a  Mr. 
Cottrell  wounded.  They,  however,  took  twelve  Refugees 
prisoners,  three  of  whom  were  wounded.  But  in  return- 
ing they  unexpectedly  fell  in  with  a  party  of  sixteen  men 
under  one  Stevenson,  and  a  sudden  firing  caused  eight  of 
the  prisoners  to  escape.  But  Captain  Schenck  ordered 
his  men  to  charge  bayonets  and  this  party  of  Tories  sur- 
readered.  Captain  Schenck  retook  nineteen  horses  and 
five  sleighs,  and  took  twenty-one  prisoners ;  among  the 
latter  were  several  well  known  atrocious  villains. — 
(  Packet.) 


SCENES    IN    OLD    MONMOl'TH.  123 

COURT    HOUSE    IN    MONMOUTH. 

Gov.  Robert  Hunter,  in  a  letter  to  the  Board  of 
Trade,  dated  New  York,  May  7th,  1711,  says  : 

"I  am  directed  by  your  Lordships  to  send  you  my 
observations  on  the  past  in  New  Jersey  during  Col.  In- 
goldsby's  administration."  After  alluding  to  other  mat- 
ters he  refers  to  an  act  for  building  and  repairing  gaols, 
and  says  "by  virtue  of  this  act  they  have  designed  a 
Court  House  in  the  remotest  corner  of  the  county  of 
Monmouth  which  will  be  a  great  tax  upon  the  people 
of  that  county  and  was  meer  party  pique."  (Was  this 
at  Freehold  ?) 

OLD  SHREWSBURY — FREEHOLD. 

About  the  year  1703  Col.  Lewis  Morris  sent  a  memo- 
rial to  England  for  a  missionary  to  be  sent  to  East  Jer- 
sey, particularly  to  Shrewsbury.  This  memorial  con- 
tained the  following  items  relating  to  Middletown  and 
Shrewsbury. 

"  The  population  of  New  Jersey  (East  Jersey  ?)  is 
about  8,000.  Freehold  was  settled  by  emigrants  from 
Scotland.  Mr.  Keith  (George),  began  the  first  settle- 
ment there  and  made  a  fine  plantation.  One-half  of  the 
people  were  Scotch  Presbyterians.  There  is  in  town  a 
Quaker  meeting  house  but  most  of  the  Quakers  had  sece- 
ded with  Keith.  Shrewsbury,  he  says,  was  settled  by  emi- 
grants from  New  England  and  New  York.  There  is  in  it 
about  thirty  Quakers  of  both  sexes  and  they  have  a 
meeting  house." 

Oldmixon  in  1708  says  : 

"  Shrewsbury  is  the  most  southern  town  of  the  pro- 
vince and  reckoned  the  chief  town  of  the  shire.  It  con- 
tains about  160  families ;  and  30,000  acres  of  out  planta- 
tions belong  to  its  division.  There  is  a  new  town  in  the 
county  called  Freehold,  which  has  not  been  laid  out  and 
inhabited  long.  It  does  uot  contain  as  yet  above  forty 
families." 


1"24        HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

ANCIENT  MAPS  AND  CHARTS. 


On  ancient  maps  and  charts,  which  I  have  had  op- 
portunity of  examining,  the  following  items  have  seemed 
to  me  worthy  of  note  : 

1014.  The  map  found  by  Brodhead  iu  Holland,  sup- 
posed to  have  been  made  October  17th,  1614,  has  upon 
it  Eyre  Haven,  (Egg  Harbor,)  and  north  of  it  an  inlet  not 
named,  meant  for  Barnegat.  The  hay  now  known  as 
Barnegat  Bay  is  laid  down  with  islands,  rivers.  &c.  ;  so 
fair  a  representation  of  Toms  River,  Forked  River,  Oys- 
ter Creek  and  other  streams  running  into  it  is  given  that 
it  is  evident  the  map  was  made  by  actual  exploration. 

1616.  Capt.  Hendrickson's  celebrated  Figurative 
1616  has  hut  one  inlet  on  our  coast,  probably  meant  for 
Egg  Harbor  and  one  river. 

1614-21.  On  a  map  in  the  Library  of  the  New  Jer- 
sey Historical  Society,  1614-21,  Barnegat  Inlet  is  given 
as  Barendegat. 

1656.  A  map  of  1656  (Visschers?)  has  Barnegat 
Inlet,  called  Barndegat  and  Absecon  Inlet  also  called 
Barndegat. 

1656.  Vanderdonck's  map,  1656,  has  only  river 
running  into  Barnegat  Bay.  and  its  course  southerly; 
this  river  is  evidently  marked  at  random,  not  from  actual 
exploration.  On  this  map  is  named  a  tribe  of  Indians 
about  the  lower  part  of  Ocean  and  Burlington  ;  this  tribe 
is  here  called  "Ermomex;"  near  the  line  of  Ocean  and 
Monmouth  is  another  tribe  called  the  "Aquanachoques." 
Two  Indian  villages  are  also  laid  down,  apparently  not 
far  from  the  lines  of  this  county  :  the  northerly  village  is 
called  "  Amacaronck  ; "  the  southerly  one  "  Meotani  Ka- 
ronck."  The  tribe  of  Indians  on  this  map  called  Ermo- 
mex in  other  places  is  called  Armeomexs,  Erwomee,  Ar- 
mowamex,  Arwavmons,  Arwamex,  Armeomeks,  etc.  (See 
also  Barker's  Prim.  Settlements  on  Del.  I 

169S.  Gabriel  Thomas'  map,  1698,  locates  the  above 
mentioned  Indian  village  of  Amacaronck  about  (I  should 


\M  ll'A  I     U  LPS    AMi   CHAM  8.  L25 

suppose)  the  bead  of  Toms  River,  and  Meotam  Karonck 
probably  in  the  vicinity  of  Maurice  River. 

One  or  two  writers    I   Qotice   bave  doubted   whether 
there  ever  were  such  villages;  as  Ear  as  the  existence  of 
Indian   villages   is  concerned,  the  travels  of    Burnyeute 
alone  settle   that    point;  it  is  immaterial  whether  or  not 
the  names  arc  correctly  given,  though   my  impression  is 
they  could  nut  be  far  from  correct,  as  the  last  syllable  of 
each  name,  "onck,"  is  a  wed   signifying  "place,"  in  tie- 
dialect  of  the  Indians  in  this  section. 
"  In  Memory  of 
ABRAHAM  WEAIR, 
Died    March    '21th,    1768, 
Aged  85  years. 
Whose  inocent  life 
Adorned  true  light." 

Tradition  says  that  Abraham  Waeir  came  from  the 
vicinity  of  the  Hurl  Gate,  where  he  had  a  mill  washed 
away  in  a  storm,  and  then  came  and  settled  at  this  place, 
where  one  or  two  mills  were  standing  in  his  time  ;  and 
that  he  belonged  to  a  singular  religious  society  of  which 
notice  is  given  elsewhere. 

Oyster  Greek.  From  the  quantity  of  oysters  in  its 
vicinity.  In  old  deeds  this  creek  is  sometimes  called 
"  McCoys"    Creek  and  "  McCays  "  Creek. 

Forked  River.  From  its  branches,  three  in  number, 
shaped  somewhat  like  a  fork. 

Cede /■  ( 'reek.     From  the  cedar  along  its  banks. 

Pattern  Greek.  The  family  of  the  Potters  were  among 
the  first  and  principal  settlers  in  its  vicinity.  The  father 
of  Thomas  Potter,  the  founder  of  the  Goodluck  Univer- 
salist  Church,  was  probably  the  first. 

Toms  Rimer.  One  tradition,  quite  generally  accepted 
in  the  vicinity,  says  that  it  was  named  after  a  noted  In- 
dian named  Tom  who  resided  on  an  island  near  its 
mouth,  and  whose  name  was  said  to  be  Thomas  Pumha. 
A  map  or  sketch  made  in  1740  of  Mosquito  Cove  and 
mouth  of  Toms  River  (probably  by  Surveyor  Lawrence), 
has  marked  on  it  "  Barnegatt  Tom's  Wigwam,"  located 
upon  north  point  of  Mosquito  Cove.   (This  map  is  in  pos- 


126         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

session  of  S.  H.  Shreve,  Esq.,  Toms  River.)  Indian  Tom, 
it  is  stated  on  seemingly  good  authority,  resided  on  Dil- 
lon's Island,  near  the  mouth  of  Toms  River,  during  the 
lie  volution.  As  the  name  "  Toms  River,"  is  found  about 
fifty  years  before  (1727,)  it  throws  some  doubt  upon  the 
statement  that  the  name  was  derived  from  him. 

Another  tradition,  and  a  more  reasonable  one,  says 
that  the  place  was  named  after  Captain  William  Tom,  a 
noted  man  along  the  Delaware  from  1664  to  1674.  A 
manuscript  in  the  Library  of  the  New  Jersey  Historical 
Society — I  believe  the  author's  name  is  Henry — says 
the  stream  was  named  after  Captain  William  Tom.  One 
or  two  aged  citizens  who  spent  much  time  about  Toms 
River  about  fift}'  years  ago,  inform  me  they  saw  it  also 
stated  in  old  publications  at  Toms  River  or  vicinity  when 
they  were  there.  The  manuscript  above  referred  to  gives 
a  quotation  (elsewhere  given)  from  Delaware  records 
which,  however,  is  not  conclusive.  I  do  not  consider  the 
facts  yet  presented  on  either  side  give  satisfactory  rea- 
sons for  deciding  either  way  upon  the  origin  of  the  name. 
I  will  append  some  few  brief  items  relating  to  Captain 
Tom,  which  show  that  he  was  a  prominent,  trustworthy 
man,  at  least,  whether  the  place  was  named  after  him 
or  not. 

Toms  River,  as  has  elsewhere  been  stated,  was  often 
called  Goose  Creek.  The  first  time  it  is  called  Goose 
Creek  ( as  tar  as  I  have  been  able  to  find  )  is  in  a  patent 
to  Robert  Barclay  and  also  one  to  Dr.  Johnson,  1699. 
The  last  time  I  have  noticed  it  so  called  is  on  Carey's 
map,  1814,  where  it  is  called  "  Goose  or  Toms  Creek." 
Toms  River  was  also  sometimes  called  the  "  Town  of 
Dover" — as  in  Rivington's  Royal  Gazette  when  describ- 
ing Block  House  affairs. 

Metehunk.  Brick  Township.  Sometimes  called  Me- 
tedeconk,  of  Indian  derivation,  probably  from  the  words 
"Mittig-Conck — a  place  where  there  is  good,  or  thrifty, 
or  living  timber." 

New  Egypt.  A  highly  esteemed  citizen  of  this  vi- 
cinity gives  the  following  and  only  account  I  have  heard) 


\\i  IIENT    MAI'S    \Mi    CHARTS.  127 

of  the  origin  of  the  name  of  this  place.  A  man  named 
Cowperthwaite  Simmons,  formerly  owned  a  mill  here, 
and  the  place  was  called  "  Kimmons'  Mills."  Prom  the 
amount  of  corn  raised  and  sold  in  this  vicinity,  people 

at  a  distance  used  to  speak  jokingly  of  "going  to  Egypt 
for  corn,"  and  this  name  thus  applied,  finally  became 
generally  adopted  as  appropriate  for  a  place  so  noted 
for  corn. 

Collier's  Mills.  So  called  after  a  late  proprietor, 
John  Collier.  Before  him  the  mills  were  owned  by  a 
man  named  Shreves,  and  then  called  Shreves'  Mills. 

CassvUle.  After  Lewis  Cass.  This  place  was  for- 
merly called  Goshen — (sometimes  still  called  so.) 

Downsville.     After  Samuel  Downs,  a  resident. 

Goodluck.  Goodluck  Point  at  the  mouth  uf  Toms 
River,  it  is  said,  was  so  named  by  some  man  in  ancient 
times  who  was  pursued  by  an  enemy  seeking  his  life  and 
who  escaped  by  swimming  his  horse  across  the  river ;  as 
he  landed  he  called  the  place  "  Goodluck,"  on  account  of 
his  good  luck  in  escaping.  The  village  of  Goodluck 
probably  derives  its  name  from  Goodluck  Point. 

Double  Creek.  This  Creek  upon  which  Barnegat 
village  is  situated  derives  its  name  from  its  double 
mouth — having  two  mouths  about  half  a  mile  apart. 

Mcmohester.  After  Manchester  in  England,  proba- 
bly so  named  by  Win.  Torrey,  principal  proprietor  of  the 
village. 

Burrmille.  After  Barzilla  Burr,  a  prominent  citi- 
zen there  many  years  ago. 

In  regard  to  the  origin  of  the  Indian  names  in 
Ocean  county  I  do  not  place  much  reliance  upon  the 
definitions  given  in  the  before-mentioned  manuscript  in 
the  New  Jersey  Historical  Library.  I  have  given  the 
meaning  after  careful  examination  of  authorities,  the 
most  satisfactory  of  which  I  have  found  to  be  School- 
craft in  one  of  the  volumes  of  the  Smithsonian  Institute. 

In  regard  to  the  Indian  word  answering  to  our  word 
"  place,"  or  locality,  I  find  it  variously  given  in  names  de- 
rived from  the  Indians  as,  conch,  konck,  conk,  cunk,  cnckt 


128         HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

con,  o?i,  a  a.  ong,  onk  (Algonquin,  Sankikan  and  Mohican.) 

Mil  [(  U.n   OF  OBTAINING  EARLY  HISTOBY  OF  OCEAN  COUNTY — 
"  GOING  OUT  WEST." 

About  hfty  or  sixty  years  ago  a  large  number  of 
families  from  some  of  the  villages  along  the  bay,  par- 
ticularly from  Groodluek,  Cedar  Creek,  and  thereabout, 
removed    bo    Redstone,   Pennsylvania,  then    called  "the 

Redstone   country,"'   considered   and  called  at   that    day 
'•Out  West."      . 

Among  the  families  who  then  went  were  David 
Woodmansee,  William  Paul,  Samuel  Pierce,  Abel  and 
Jonathan  Piatt,  John  Smith,  &c. 

About  forty  years  ago  a  large  number  of  families 
removed  from  various  places  in  our  county  to  Genesee, 
New  York,  to  Ohio,  Michigan,  Indiana,  and  other  States. 

The  number  of  "  old  residents "  now  living  in  our 
county  is  unusually  small  in  proportion  to  the  popula- 
tion ;  the  reasons  are  chiefly  the  removals  out  of  the 
county  of  one  class,  and  the  attention  given  by  so  many 
of  the  remainder  to  coasting  affairs  which  so  notoriously 
shortens  life. 

It  is  stated  by  Societies  in  New  York  and  other 
places  devoted  to  benevolent  efforts  among  seamen,  that 
the  average  life  of  a  sailor  is  but  twelve  years,  from  the 
time  he  commences  following  the  sea. 

In  our  county  it  is  a  striking  fact  that  out  of  the 
large  proportion  of  our  population  engaged  in  marine 
affairs  that  it  is  almost  impossible  to  meet  with  an  old 
sailor  or  sea  captain;  I  can  hardly  recall  one  such,  who 
has  followed  the  sea  steadily.  Accidents  and  disasters 
at  sea,  and  fevers  contracted  in  Southern  ports  are  the 
occasion  of  this. 

DIFFICULTY  OF  OBTAINING  HISTORICAL    INFORMATION  OF  OCEAN 

COUNTY. 

Probably  no  county  in  the  State  presents  greater 
obstacles  in  the  way  of  collecting  historical  information 
than  does  Ocean  county,  for  the  following  reasons  : 

Our    ancient   local    records    are  at  Freehold,  Mon- 


\\<  ll  \  l    M  u\s    \\h   CHARTS.  L29 

mouth  county  I  I-'!  miles  from  Barnegat)  or  at  Perth  A.m- 
1m>\  some  80  or  90  miles  distant;  the  distance  of  these 
places,  the  expensive  traveling  and  other  expenses,  pre- 
sent one  difficulty . 

Public  Libraries  at  New  York.  Newark,  Trenton  and 
other  places  so  distant  and  inconvenient. 

The  couuty  of  Ocean  being  one  of  the  largest  in 
territory  in  the  State,  is  one  of  the  most  difficult  to 
travel,  through  want  of  public  conveyances,  heavy  roads, 
&c,  rendering  it  inconvenient  to  travel  for  local  tradi- 
tion, &c. 

Probably  fewer  old  persons,  natives  of  the  county, 
reside  in  Ocean  in  proportion  to  the  population  than  in 
any  other  county  in  the  State.  This  is  owing  to  the  ex- 
tensive emigration  twenty-five  to  fifty  years  ago  of  natives 
of  the  county  to  Western  States;  and  to  the  fact  that  so 
many  of  our  citizens  are  and  have  been  engaged  in  the 
coasting  trade,  which  so  shortens  life  that  it  is  almost 
impossible  to  find  an  old  sailor. 

(Many  of  the  families  removing  West  have  carried 
family  records,  family  history,  &c,  with  them.) 

RELIGIOUS    SOCIETIES    IN  OCEAN    COUNTY. 

The  early  settlers  of  Ocean  county  were  chiefly 
Baptists,  Quakers,  and  Presbyterians,  or  Congregational- 
ists.  Before  any  houses  of  worship  were  built  in  the 
county  traveling  preachers  of  various  denominations 
would  hold  forth  at  private  houses,  as  we  find  from  the 
journals  of  some  of  these  preachers  and  from  other 
source-. 

From  the  best  information  now  to  be  obtained  it  ap- 
pears that  the  first  house  of  worship  erected  in  the 
county  was  the  church  known  as  the  Baptist  Church  at 
Mannahawkin.  The  deed  for  the  land  upon  which  this 
church  is  situated  is  dated  August  24th,  1758,  and  from 
the  deed  it  appears  that  the  church  was  then  already 
built. 

The  second  church  built  in  the  county  was  probably 
the  old  "Potter  Church"  at  Goodluck,  now  known  as  a 
Methodist  church.     This   church  was  built  bv  Thomas 


130  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Potter,  originally  as  a  free  church,  but  subsequently 
given  by  him  to  the  Universalists  with  the  privilege  to 
other  societies  to  hold  meetings  in  it. 

(The  history  of  this  church,  so  remarkable,  is 
given:  though  probably  familiar  to  many,  it  should 
occupy  a  prominent  place  in  the  history  of  Ocean  county. 
The  exact  year  when  it  was  built  is  not  known,  but  it 
probably  was  from  1760  to  1765.  I 

The  Quaker  church  at  Barnegat  comes  next.  The 
deed  for  this  church  is  dated  June  11th,  177<>.  and  by  it 
it  appears  that  this  church  was  also  built  when  the  deed 
was  made. 

Though  these  were  the  first  houses  of  worship  built 
in  the  county,  yet  there  was  a  religious  society  at  Ware- 
town  as  early  as  1746  ;  of  what  denomination  is  now  un- 
certain. A  place  of  worship  at  Waretown,  it  is  said,  was 
standing  about  a  century  ago — probably  used  as  a  free 
church. 

Though  nearly  a  century  ago  we  find  as  yet  but  four 
churches  along  shore,  yet  this  speaks  well  for  the  people 
as  we  find  that  there  were  less  than  a  thousand  people, 
men,  women,  and  children,  to  attend  them. 

(Thomas  Potter  tells  Rev.  Murray,  1770,  that  there 
were  700  within  twenty  miles. )  Probably  he  meant  from 
Toms  River  to  Mannahawkin  where  these  churches  were. 


I  I r I :    REVOLl    I  [ONARY.    WAR. 

THE  REVOLUTIONARY   WAR. 


i:;i 


80LDIERS    OF   THE    REVi  >L1   I  [ON. 

is,  during  the  Revolution,  Ocean  County  was  a  part 
of  Monmouth,  the  patriots  who  served  in  the  army  from 
the  present  county  of  <  >cean  were  enrolled  among  others 
of  the  old  county. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  officers  and  privates  of  Old 
Monmouth,  as  stated  in  General  Stryker's  Reports  of 
Officers  and  Men  of  the  Revolution: 

Thomas    Seabrook,   Militia 


OFFICERS. 

DAVID  FORMAN,  Briga- 
dier General,  Jersey  Mi- 
litia. 

COLONEL8. 

David   Brearley,  "2d    R< 

Monmouth. 
Samuel   Breese,   3d 

Monmouth. 
John  Covenhoven. 
Samuel  Porman,  2d   B 

Monmouth. 
Daniel      Hendrickson, 

Reg't,  Monmouth. 
Asher   Holmes,    1st 

Monmouth,      and 

troops. 
Elisha      Lawrence, 

Quartermaster.  I 
Nathaniel  Scudder,  1st  Reg. 

Monmouth,  killed    Octo- 
ber 15,  1781. 
John  Smock,  1st  Regiment, 

Monmouth. 
George     Taylor,    detached 

Militia. 

LIEUTENANT  < !( >U  >NELS. 
Thomas  Henderson,  in  Col. 

Porman' a  battalion. 
Joseph  Salter,  2d  Regiment, 

Monmouth. 
Elisha  Lawrence,  2d   Reg't, 

Monmouth. 


3d 


Reg't, 
State 

i  and 


and  State  Troops. 

MAJORS. 

John  Cook,  2d  Reg't,  killed 

at    Toms    River,    March 

24,  1782. 
Dennis  Denise,  3d  Reg't. 
Thomas  Hunn.  1st  Ri 
James  H.  Imlay. 
William     Montgomery,    2d 

Reg't. 
James  Mott.  2d  reg't. 
Hendrick    Van    Brunt,    3d 

reg't. 
Elisha  Walton.  1st  Reg't. 
James  Whitlock,  1st  Reg't. 

ADJUTANTS. 

Anderson  Kenneth.  1st  reg't. 

Monmouth. 
George  Cook. 
Nathan  Crane. 
David  Rhea,  Jr..  1st  Reg't. 

QUARTERMASTERS. 
Richard      Hartshorne,    1st 

Reg't. 
David  Rhea. 
John  Stillwell,  1st  Reg't. 

PAYMASTERS. 

Peter  Covenhoven. 
David  Forman. 


Thomas 


BURGEONS. 

Barber,  1st  I: 


132 


HISTOliY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 


Jacob  Hubbard,  1st  Reg't. 
John    Scudder,     surgeon's 

mate,  1st  Reg't. 


('ATTAINS. 

1  )ayid  Anderson. 
George  Anderson. 
David  Baird,  1st  Reg't. 
Joshua  Bennett. 

Brewer. 

Andrew  Brown. 

James  Bruere,  2d  Reg't. 

John  Buckalew. 

John  Burrows,  1st  Reg't 

John  Burrows.  Jr., 1st  Reg't. 

Samuel  Carhart,  1st  Reg't. 

Thomas  Chad  wick,  3d  Reg't 

John  Colaton. 

John  Conover,  Militia  and 

State  troops. 

Joseph  Cowperthwaite,  1st 

Reg't. 
Jacob    Covenhoven,   Light 

Horse,  Ac. 
Benjamin  Dennis. 
John  Dennis,  '2d  Reg't. 
Samuel  Dennis,  1st  Reg't. 
John  Downie.  2d  Reg't. 
Stephen  Fleming,  3d  Reg't. 
Jonathan  Forman,lst  Reg't. 
David  Gordon,  1st  Reg't. 
Guisbert    Guisbertsen,    2d 

Reg't. 
Kenneth     Hankinson,     1st 

Reg't. 
John  Henderson. 
Daniel  Hendrickson,  Light 

Horse. 
Joshua     Huddv,     Artillery; 

hung    by    Tories,    April 

L2,  L782. 
David  Imlay,  Col.  Holmes' 

Reg't.,  &c. 
Ephraim  Jenkins. 
Christopher  Little. 
Theophilus  Little. 


Thomas  Little,  3d  Reg't. 

Anion  Longstreet,  Lieut., 
Monmouth,  and  Captain 
in  Middlesex  Reg't. 

Richard  McKnight. 

John  Peairs. 

Tobias  Polhemus,  1st  Regt. 

Nathaniel  Polhemus, 

Joseph  F.  Randolph. 

Reuben  F.  Randolph. 

William  Remson,  Lighi 
Horse. 

Robert  Rhea,  1st  Reg't. 

William  Schahck,  1st  Reg't. 

Moses  Sheppard,  1st  Reg't. 

Nathan  Sheppard,  State 
troops. 

Barnes  Smock,  1st  Reg't. 

Barnes  Smock,  Jr.,  Light 
Horse. 

Hendrick  Smock,  Minute 
man  and  1st  Reg't. 

Joseph  Stillwell,  Command- 
ing Guard.  Sandy  Hook, 
and  in  Detached  Militia. 

Michael  Swvetnian.lst  leg't 

Sweetman.  3d  Reg't. 

Nicholas  Tan  Brunt,  3d 
Regt. 

John  Van   Cleat. 

William  YanCleaf.lst  Reg't 
I  Benjamin    Van     Cleve    (or 
Cleat,)  1st  Reg't. 

William  Van  Cleve,  1st 
Reg't. 

Joseph  Vandike. 

Cornelius  Van  Mater. 

Thomas  Waddell. 

Thomas  Wainright. 

Louis  Walling. 

Thomas  Walling,  1st  Reg't. 

.John  Walton,  Light  Dra- 
goons. 

Peter  Wyckoff,  2d  Reg't 

Jaques  Denise,  Captain, 
Lieutenant,  Light  Dra- 
goons. 


THE   REVOLUTIONAin    WAl;. 


L33 


l.l  r.i  TEN  wis. 

Thomaa  A.nderson. 
Barnes  Bennett. 
John  Blake,    1st  Regiment. 
John     Brinley,    Col.     For- 
man's  battalion. 

Kpliraini   l>nck. 

Jul)  ( Jompton. 
Ruliff  Conover. 
George  Cook. 

Thomas    Cook,    Col.     For- 
man's  battalion. 

Ralph  Covenhoven. 

Kulif  ( 'ovenhoven. 

James    Cox,    1st    Reg.,  and 
State  troops. 

John  Da\  is,  Capt.  Carhart's 
Company. 

Moses  Davis,  Capt.  Hankin- 
son's  Company. 

Ezekiel  Em  ley. 

Jacob  Fleming. 

Samuel  P.  Forma n. 

Ephraim  Foster. 

David  Hay. 

David  Hendrickson. 

Abraham  Lane. 

Gilbert    Longstreet,    capt. 
Wyckoff's  co. 

Clias.  McCoy,  capt.  Bruere's 
co. 

Abraham  Osborn. 

John  Quay. 

Anthony  Reckless,  sappers 
and  miners,  cont'l  army. 

David  Pihea,  light  horse. 

Ezekial  Sayre. 

Samuel  Sexton. 

Henry  Smock. 

Henry      Stryker,       captain 
Smock's  light  dragoons. 

Joshua  Stud  son,  capt.  Jen- 
kins' co.,  killed  Dec.  1780. 

Jacob  Ten  Eyck,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co. 

Hendrick  Van  Brunt,  Jr.,  3d 
reg't. 


I  [endrick  Va  nderveer. 
James   Wall,  capt.  Smock's 

liglil  dragoons. 
John    Whitlock,    Lst    reg't, 

killed  Feb.  L3,  1777. 

FIRST   I. Ill    I  T.\  WTS. 

Jeremiah    Chadwick,   capt. 

( Ihadwick's  co.,  3d  reg  t. 
John    Craig,    capt.    Elisha 

Walton's  co. 
Aukc     Eendrickson,    capt. 

Wykoff'sco. 
( rarret    I  [endrickson,  capt. 

Win.  Schenck's  co. 
[saac  [mlay. 
Lawrence  Taylor. 
Jacob  Tice,  capt.  Hume  and 

John  Schenck's  cos. 
John  Walton,  capt.  Hankin- 

son's  co. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANTS. 
Peter  Conney. 
Joseph  Cosgreve. 
Benja'n   Covenhoven,  capt. 

Hendrick  Smock's  co. 
John    Conrad,  capt.  Wyck- 

ott's  CO. 

Thomas  Edwards. 

David  Forman,  capt.  Elisha 

Walton's  co. 
Jonathan     Holmes,     capt. 

Burrowes'  co. 
James  Wall,  Win.  Schenck's 

co. 

ENSIGNS. 

John  Buckalew. 

James  Craig,  capt.  Walton's 
light  dragoons. 

Nathaniel  Davidson,  capt. 
Wyckoff's  co. 

Morris  DeHart,  capt.  Chad- 
wick's  co. 

John  Errickson,  lst  reg't. 

William  Hillyer. 

John  Hutch,  capt.  Wyck- 
off's  co. 


134 


HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 


Ezekiel    Imlay,    rapt.  Han- 

kinson's  co. 
William  Imlay. 
Lambert      Johnson,     eapt. 

Barnes  Smock's  co. 
Matthias     Johnson,     capi 

Carhart's  ( !o. 
•  I.  sse   Marsh,  rapt.  Reuben 

Randolph's  c<  >. 
John  Morris,  capt.  Walton's 

state  troops. 
John     G.     Schenck,     capt 

Hunn's  co. 
Peter      Vanderhoof,     rapt. 

Samuel  ( 'arhart's  co. 
Job  Walton,  capt.  Hankin- 

son's 
Ephraim  Whitlock,  Heard's 

brigade. 
Jonathan  Forman,  coronet. 

eapt.  Walton's  co. 

SERGEANTS. 

Jacob     Allen,     capt    Car- 
hart's  co. 

Tunis  Aum<  >ck,  capt.  Barnes 
Smock's  co. 

John   Brine.    Lieut.    Jacob 
Tice's  co. 

John  Chase  v.  capt  Walton's 
light  drag 

Llins,  capt.  Bruere's 
C(  ». 

Joseph  Combs,   capt.  Wal- 
ton's light  horse. 

Lewis     Covenhoven.    light 
horse. 

The(  >d<  >rns    Covenhoven, 
capt  HanMnson's  co. 

David  Craig,  capt.  Walton's 
light  horse. 

John    Emens    (Emmons?) 
capt  Hunn's  co. 

Tennis  Forman. 

William  F< >rman,  capt  Han- 
kinson's  co. 

William  Gradin,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  CO. 


James  Herbert,  capt  Han- 
kinson's  co. 

John  Hoff,  capt  Samuel 
I  >ennis'  c<  >. 

Robert  James,  capt  Wad- 
dell's  co. 

Peter  Johnson,  capt  Wal- 
ton's light  horse. 

Richard  Laird,  capt.  Wal- 
t<  m's  light  horse. 

David  Landen,  capt.  Hud- 
dy's  artillery. 

Samuel  Leonard,  capt  Wad- 
dell's  co. 

Wm.  LL  >yd,  capt.  Baird's  c*  >. 

Alexander  Low. 

James  Newell 

Rich'd  Pittinger,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's co. 

John  Eteid,  capt.  Hankiu- 
son's  eo. 

John  Pihea,  capt  "Walton's 
troop. 

John  Russell,  capt  Walton's 
troop. 

Elisha  Sheppard,  c  pt 
Hunn's  co. 

Henry  Strieker,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop. 

Derrick  Sutphen,  captains 
Waddell  and  Smock. 

Sam']  Throckmorton,  cap. 
Waddell' s  co. 

Hendrick  Vanderbelt,  capt. 
Samuel  Dennis"  co. 

Tunis  Vanderveer,  captain 
Barnes  Smock's  co. 

Cort  Van  Koyor,  captain 
Hunn's  co. 

Wm. Walton,  capt.  Bruere's 

co. 

John  Willett. 

Abraham  W<  >lley,  capt  Wal- 
ton's troop. 

CORPORALS. 

Joseph  Bowne,  capt  Wad- 
dell's  co. 


Till:    REVOLUTIONARY    WAR. 


L35 


1 1.  in\     Frease,      ca  ptain 

Breure's  co. 
William     Haukinson,    capt. 

I  Eankinson's  c<  >. 
( reo.  Mount,  capt.   Bruere'a 

Burns  Morris,  cap;.  Car- 
hart's  <•". 

Samuel  <  >sbone,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  CO. 

Derrick  Sipphen  (Sutphi 
capt.  Hunn's  co. 

John  Throckmorton,  capt. 
WaddeU's  c<  >. 

Henry  Vunck. 

Wm.  Wickoff,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  CO. 

MUSIC]  W's. 

Jas.    Kilpatrick,  drummer, 

'2d  reg't  and  cont'l  army. 
Samuel    Smith,     drummer, 

capt.  Carhart's  co. 
Aaron   Forman,    drummer, 

capt.  WaddeU's  co. 
Joshua  Solovan   i  Sullivan,  i 

fifer,  capt.  WaddeU's  c-o. 
Robert  Dunn,  bugler,  capt. 

Walton's  co. 

PRIVATES. 

William  Aikers,  also  cont'l 
army. 

David  Allen. 

John  Allen,  also  cont'l  army. 

Judah  Allen. 

Nathan  Allen. 

David  Ainev.  also  conti- 
nental army. 

Elijah  Anderson. 

John  Anderson. 

John  Anderson,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg  t,  Mon- 
mouth. 

Tunis  Anderson,  capt.  Sam- 
uel Dennis'  co.,  1st  reg'i, 
Monmouth. 

"William  Anderson. 


I  >aniel  Ajpplegate,  Matri 
capt.  1 1  uddy's  <■<>•,  ai 
state    troops,  also    cont'l 
army. 

•lolin  Applegate. 

Robert    Applegate,  captain 
I  [ankinson's  c<  >.,  1  s! 
Monmouth. 

William  Applegate. 

•lames  Arwin.  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

John  Arwin,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  Light  dragoons, 
Monmouth. 

Robert  Ashton,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Jacob  Atten. 

Jno.  Aumock,Matross,  capt. 
Barnes  Smock's  co.  arty, 
Monmouth. 

John  Aumock. 

William  Aumock. 

Richard  Ayi 

Jonathan  Bailey. 

( )1  Kidiah  Baird. 

John  Baley    (or  Baily,)    2d 
>,     Monmouth;     also 
continental  army. 

David  Barkelow. 

James  Bates. 

William  Beck,  3d  reg't. 

Joel  Beedle. 

Thomas    Beedle,  1st    n 
Monmouth. 

Richard  Ben  ham. 

Edward  Bennett. 

Jacob  Bennett. 

Jeremiah  Bennett,  2d  reg't, 
Monmouth;  also,  cont'l 
army.  . 

J«  >lm  Bennett,  Lieut.  Barne  - 
Smock's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Walter  Berdine,  lieut.  Tice's 
co.,  1st  reg't,  Monmouth. 


136 


HISToKV   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 


Henry  Berry. 

John  Berry. 

.Tames  Bird. 

William  Bird. 

Walter  Bodine,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't,  Mon- 
mouth. 

Samuel  Bogart. 

Bedford  Boltenhouse. 

( ioleman  Boman. 

Jesse  Borden. 

John  Borden. 

William  Borden. 

Wm.  Bostwick,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't,  Mon- 
mouth. 

John  Baulser.  also  cont'l 
army. 

John  Bowers. 

John  Bowman,  capt.  Hunn's 
co.,  1st  reg't,  Monmouth. 

David  Bowne. 

Elias  Bowne. 

Joseph  Bowne. 

Peter  Bowne,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't,  Mon- 
mouth. 

Samuel  Bowne. 

John  Brand. 

Isaae  Braisted,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

JohnBrearley,  2d  regiment, 
Monmouth. 

John  Breese,  also  cont'l 
army. 

Jacob  Brewer. 

John  Brewer,  capt.  Hunn's 
eo.,  1st  reg't,  Monmouth. 

George  Brinley. 

Jacob  Brinley,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

William  Brinley. 

Abraham  Britton,  capt.  Ja- 
cob  Tice's  co.,  1st  reg't, 
Monmouth. 


Israel  Britton,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  CO.,  1st  reg't,  Mon- 
mouth. 

Absalom  Broderick. 

W'm  Broderick,  also  cont'l 
army. 

Jonathan  Brooks,  captain 
Hankinson's  co.,  1st  reg't, 
Monmouth. 

Abraham  Brewer. 

David  Brown,  capt.  Bruere's 
co.,  Monmouth. 

John  Brown. 

Samuel  Brown,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

William  Brown,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

John  Bruer,  capt.  Hunn's 
co.,  1st  reg't,  Monmouth. 

William  Bryant ;  also  con- 
tinental army. 

Samuel  Buckalew,  capt. 
Walton's  troop,  light 
dragoons.  Monmouth. 

Ramoth  Bunting,  1st  reg't, 
Monmouth ;  also  cont'l 
army. 

Joseph  Burd;  also  cont'l 
army. 

Richard  Burd;  also  cont'l 
army. 

William  Burden,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Samuel  Burk. 

Joseph  Camburn,  captain 
Reuben  Randolph's  co., 
Monmouth. 

John  Campbell,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't,  Mon- 
mouth. 

Thomas  Carhart. 

Robert  ( Sarhart. 

Uriah  Carl,  lieut.  J.  Tice's 
co.,  1st  reg't,  Monmouth. 


1  in:    EtEVOLl  TlONARlf   WAR. 


L37 


Adrian  Carle. 

Francis  ( '.•niton. 

I  >anie]  Carman. 

Elijah  ( larman. 

Nathaniel  Carman. 

Ebenezer  ( !arr,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmoul  b. 

Adrian  Carroll,  1st  reg't, 
Monmouth;  ;ilso  conti- 
nental army. 

Wm.  Case,  Matross,  capt. 
Buddy's  co. 

John  Cavana,  also  Conti- 
nental jinny. 

Thomas  Chaffey. 

Aaron  Chamberlain. 

Henry  ( 'hamberlain. 

Thomas  Chamberlain,  capt. 
Reuben  Randolph's  co., 
Monmouth. 

•lames  ( lhambers,  also  Con- 
tinental army. 

John  Chambers,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, Monmouth. 

Robert  Chambers,  captain 
Bruere's  co.,  Monmouth. 

William  Chambers. 

William  Cheeseman. 

.John  Childerhouse,  also 
Continental  army. 

Alexander  Clark,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  reg't., 
Monmouth  ;  killed  at  Mid- 
dletown,  Feb.  13th,  1777. 

Alexander  Clark,  lieu't  J. 
Tice's  co.,  1st  reg't,  Mon- 
mouth. 

William  Clark,  capt.  Bru- 
ere's co.,  Monmouth. 

Asher  Clayton,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Cornelius  Covenhoven  (1), 
capt.  Carhart's  co.,  1st 
reg't. 


Nicholas  ( 'lark. 
Cornelius  ( lovenhoven    (2), 
capt.     Carhart's    CO.,     1st 

reg't. 

Cornelius  ( lovenhoven,  cap- 
tain Hankinson's  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

1  >avid  ( lovenhoven. 

Garret  Covenhoven,  capt. 
Carhart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Isaac  Covenhoven,  captain 
Hankinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Jacob  Covenhoven,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Job  Covenhoven,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's co.,  1st  regt. 

John  Covenhoven,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  regt. 

John  Covenhoven,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light 
dragoons,  Lieut.  Smocks 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Joseph  Covenhoven. 

Matthias  Covenhoven,  capt. 
Samuel    Dennis'    co.,  1st 

re.s'*- 

liuliff  Covenhoven,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons, capt.  Hankinson's 
co.,  1st  regt. 

Theodosius  Covenhoven, 
capt. Walton's  troop,  light 
dragoons. 

William  Covenhoven,  Kent, 
Barnes  Smock's  troop, 
light  dragoons. 

William  Covenhoven,  capt. 
Hankinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Adrian  Covert,  capt.  Car- 
hart's co.,  1st  reg't. 

Ben.  Covert,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Wm.  Covert,  capt.  Hunn's 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Wm.  Covert,  Matross,  capt. 
Barnes  Smock's  co.,  ar- 
tillery. 


138  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNT!  lis. 


I >u 1 1  van  ( 'overt. 

Joseph  Coward,  also,  Con- 
tinental army. 

Samuel  Coward. 

Asher  ( !ox. 

John  Compton,  1st  reg't, 
also  Continental  army. 

Joseph  Compton. 

Lewis  Compton,  capt.  Eli- 
slia  Walton's  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

Thomas  Coner,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Hendrick  Conk. 

John  Conk. 

John  Connelly,  1st  reg't, 
also  Continental  army. 

Matthew  Connet,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Elias  Conover  (1)  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Elias  Conover  ('2)  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

John  N.  Conover. 

William  Conover,  captain 
Waddell's  CO.,  1st  reg't. 

Levi  Conro. 

Thomas  Couvey.  * 

George  Cook,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's co.,  1st  reg't. 

George  Cook,  captain  Hau- 
kinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

George  Cook,  captain  Han- 
■  kinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Peter  Cook,  captain  John 
Sehenck's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Thomas  Cook. 

William  ( look. 

James  W.  Cooper,  captain 
Samuel  Dennis'  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

Joseph  Coperat,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

David  Coslick.  ' 

Eleazer  Cottrell. 

Thos.  Cottrell,  lieut.  Jacob 
Tice's  co.,  1st  reg't. 


Nicholas  Cottrell. 

William  Cottrell. 

Albert  Covenhoven. 

Benjamin  Co venhoven,  capt. 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  reg't,  dis- 
charged. 

Asher  Clayton,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Elijah  Clayton. 

John  Clayton,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Jonathan  Clayton,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Jonathan  Clayton,  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Joseph  Clayton. 

John  Clayton. 

Robert  Clayton,  capt,  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Zelmlon  Clayton. 

George  Clinton,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Jacob  Coral,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons, 
capt.  Hankinson's  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

David  Cook,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

William  Cole,  1st  reg't; 
died  March  15th,  1778, 
while  prisoner. 

John  Collins,  capt.  Samuel 
Dennis'  co.,  1st  reg't. 

James  Colvin. 

James  Colvin, (-apt.  Bruere's 
co. 

Isaac  Combs. 

John  Combs,  capt,  Wad- 
dell's co.,  1st  reg't. 

Joseph  Combs,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 


T1IK    KKYOUTION  \i;\     \\  \|;. 


L39 


Roberl  ( lommins,  capt. Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

George  Compton,  1st  reg'1 

also  State  troops,  also 
( lontinental  army. 

Jacob  Compton. 

James  Compton,  capt.  Bru- 
ere's  co. 

James  Compton,  1st  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  also 
Continental  army. 

Job  Compton. 

John  Compton,  capt.  Bru- 
ere's  co. 

James  Cox. 

John  Craig,  capt.  Walton's 
troops,  light  dragoons. 

John  Craig,  capt.  Waddell's 
co.,  1st  leg't. 

Samuel  Craig. 

Seth  Crane,  captain  Ran- 
dolph's co. 

Silas  Crane,  2d  reg't,  also 
Continental  army. 

William  Craven,  1st  reg't, 
also  Continental  army. 

James  Crawford,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't,  killed 
Feb.  13th,  1777,  at  Mid- 
dletown. 

Stephen  Crawford. 

William  G.  Crawford,  capt. 
Waglum's  co.,  2d  reg't, 
also  Middlesex. 

William  Cuffey  (Indian),  2d 
reg't,  Continental  army. 

James  Dane,  Hunterdon. 

Joseph  Dane,  1st  reg  t,  also 
Continental  army. 

John  Davis. 

Joseph  Davis,  1st  reg't, 
died  while  prisoner,  M'ch 
11,  1777. 

James  Davison,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 


Richard  ( Jummins. 
Robert  Cummins. 

John  Davison,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

William  Davison,  captain 
Hankinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Matthew  Dean,  capt.  Sam- 
uel Dennis'   co.,  1st  reg't. 

James  Denight,  also  Conti- 
nental army. 

John  Denight,  also  Conti- 
nental army. 

Daniel  Denise,  capt.  T\ 'ad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Joseph  Dennis. 

Phillip  Dennis,  capt.  Bru- 
ere's  co. 

John  Dey. 

Josiah  Dey. 

Cyrus  Dey,  capt.  Hankin- 
son's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Samuel  Disbrow?  Middle- 
sex. 

John  D.  Disbrow,  infantry 
and  artillery. 

David  Dodge,  Matross,  cap- 
tain Huddy's  co.,  artillery 
State  troops. 

Cornelius  Doren,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Nicholas  Doren,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Benjamin  Dorsett. 

John  Dorsett. 

Joseph  Dorsett,  capt.  Den. 
nis'  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Samuel  Dorsett. 

James  Dorsett. 

Linton  Doughty. 

John  Driskey,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

John  Driskell. 

Andrew  Drumn. 

Christian  Drumn,  3d  regt., 
also  Continental  army. 


140 


HISTORY    OF  MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 


Manasah  Dunham,  captain 
( larhart's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Samuel  Dunlop,  also  Con- 
tinental army. 

Williarn  Duvinney. 

Peter  Eakman. 

John  Eaton. 

James  Edsall,  Matross,  cap- 
tain Huddy's  co. 

John  Eldridge. 

Ezekiel  Embley,  capt.  Han- 
kin  son's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Jonathan  Emley,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Joseph  Emley.  capt.  Wal- 
toon's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Abraham  Emmons,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  regt.,  also 
State  troops,  also  Con- 
tinental army. 

Amos  Emmons. 

Jesse  Emmons. 

John  Emmons,  capt.  Hunn's 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Ezekiel  Emmons. 

Peter  Emmon's,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  regt. 

James  English. 

Errick  Errickson. 

Michael  Errickson. 

Thomas  Errickson. 

John  Ervin. 

John  Erwin,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Stephen  Essick,  also  Con- 
tinental army. 

William  Evengew. 

John  Everingham. 

Nathaniel  Everingham. 

Thomas  Everingham. 

John  Farr,  Matross,  capt. 
Huddy's  CO.,  artillery, 
State  troops ;  killed  at 
Toms  River,  March  24, 
1782. 


William  Fary.  Continental 
army. 

( reorge  Fenton 

Thomas  Fenton. 

Nathaniel  Ferris,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

William  Ferris,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troops,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Absalom  Ferroll. 

Henry  Fisher. 

James  Fitzsimmons,  capt. 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Jacob  Fleming. 

Dennis  Forma n,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st.  regt. 

Jonathan  Forman,  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Samuel  Forman,  capt. Wad- 
dell's co.,  1st  regt. 

William  Forman,  capt. Wal- 
ton's light  dragoons. 

John  Freeman,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Phillip  Freeman,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  eo.,  1st  regt. 

Hendrick  Friend,  1st  regt. 

James  Frisalear. 

Thomas  Gavan,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Garret  Garrison, capt;  Sam- 
uel Dennis'  co.,  1st  regt. 

Daniel  Gaston 

William  Gaston 

•Jose] )h  Giberson,  capt.  B. 
Dennis'  co. 

John  Gill,  1st  regt.,  also 
Continental  army. 

Peter  Gillidet,  1st  regt.,  al- 
so Continental  army. 

Charles  Gillman,  1st  regt. 

Charles  Gilmore. 

Ebene/er  ( rollahar. 

Lewis  Gollahar. 


mi:    REVOLUTIONARY    WAR. 


HI 


Peter  I  Gordon. 

James  ( rore,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  Light  dragoons. 

I  >aniel  ( rreenwood,  also 
( Jontinenta]  arm} . 

John  ( Sregory. 

Eddy  Griny,  capt.  Bruere's 
co. 

Matthew  ( 1  riggs. 

Thomas  Griggs,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's  c  >.,  1  si    reg. 

George  (ironies,  also  Con- 
tinental army. 

Benjamin(  ruyneh,also(  Jon- 
tinenta] army. 

Dollwyn  Hagaman. 

John  Hagerty. 

( reorge  Hailey. 

David  Hall,  capt.  Bruere's 
CO.,  also  cont'l  army. 

Jacob  Hall,  1st  reg't,  also 
Cont'l  army. 

John  Hall,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

William  Hall,  3d  reg't,  also 
State  troops,  wounded  at 
Middletown,  J  u  n  e  22d, 
1781,  also  cont'l  army. 

Josiah  Halstead,  3d  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  also 
cont'l  army. 

James  Hampton. 

John  Hampton,  1st  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 

John  Handrix,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Dauiel  Hankins,  1st  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  also 
cont'l  a.my. 

Joseph  Hankins,  1st  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 

Thomas  Hankins. 

James  Hankinsou,  c  a  p  t. 
Walton's  troop,  light 
dragoons. 

John  Hankiuson,  capt. 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 


William   Hankins. 
Reuben     Hankinson,    rapt. 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  re 

William  llankinson,  capt. 
Walton's  troop,  I  i  g  h  t 
dragoons. 

Samuel    Han/ey. 

John  Harber. 

James  Harbert,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Daniel  Harbert,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

John  Harbert. 

William  Harcourt. 

John  Harker. 

Edmond  Harris,  capt.  Wad- 
di  ll's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

George  Harrison. 

Job  Harrison. 

Ebenezer  Hart,  Matross, 
capt.  Barnes  Smock's  co., 
artillery. 

Jesse  Havens. 

Mi  >ses  Havens. 

Daniel  Hayes,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

John  Hayes. 

William  Hays,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  horse. 

Joseph  Heaviland,  1st  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 

Job  Heaviland,  1st  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 

Samuel  Heingey,  Matross, 
capt.  Barnes  Smock's  co., 
artillery. 

David  Hinderson. 

John  Hinderson,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Abraham  Hendricks  on, 
capt.  Hunn's  co.,lst  reg't. 

Abram  Hendrickson,  Ma- 
tross, Captain  Barnes.  13. 
Smock's  co.,  artillery. 


u-> 


HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 


C  ornelius  Hendrickson. 

Daniel  Hendrickson,  Capt. 
Walton's  troop  light  dra- 
goons. 

Elias  Hendrickson,  Captain 
Walton's  troop  light  dra- 
goons. 

Hendriek  He  n  d  r  i  e  k  s  o  n, 
Capt.  Carhart's  co.,  1st 
reg't,  also  troop  light 
horse. 

John  Hendrickson,  Matross 
Capt.  Barnes  Smock's  co., 
artillery. 

William  Hendrickson. 

James  Herbert,  troop  light 
horse. 

Thomas  Herbert. 

James  Hibbetts,  1st  reg't, 
died  while  prisoner,  June 
1st,  1780. 

William  Hier. 

John  Hight,  Capt.  Walton's 
troop  light  dragoons. 

James  Hill,  also  State 
troops. 

John  Hill. 

Jonathan  Hillow,  also  Con- 
tinental army. 

William  Hilsey. 

John  Hilyer. 

Simon  Hilyer. 

John  Hires,  Capt.  Hunn's 
co.,  1st  regiment. 

James  Hoagland,  Matross, 
capt.  B.  Smock's  co.,  ar- 
tillery. 

Anthony  Holmes. 

John  Holmes. 

Stout  Holmes, 

William  Holmes. 

Edward  Hopkins. 

Samuel  Horner, 

Benj.  Horton. 

Jacobus  Hubbard. 

David  Hubbs,  1st  reg't,  also 
Continental  army. 


John  Huggins,  capt  Bru- 
ere's  co. 

Marties  Hulebart,  captain 
Carhart's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Matthew  Huln. 

William  Huln. 

Benjamin  Hulsart,  1st  reg't. 

Cornelius  Hulsart. 

Cornelius  H.  Hulsart.  1st 
regiment. 

Matthew  Hulsart,  Lieut. 
Tice's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

William  Hulsart. 

Timothy  Hulse,  capt.  Car- 
hart's co.,  1st  reg't. 

John  S.  Hunn. 

William  Hurley. 

Jonathan  Inilay. 

Robert  Inilay. 

James  Irons. 

Jonathan  Isleton,  1st  reg't 
also  cont'l  army. 

A.bel  Ivins,  also  Continen- 
tal army. 

Solomon  Ivins,  1st  reg't. 
State  troops,  Continental 
army. 

Hugh  Jackson,  capt.  Bru- 
ere's  co. 

William  James. 

Francis  Jeffrey. 

Humphrey  Jeffrey,  capt. 
Walton's  troop,  iight  dra- 
goons. 

John  Jemison,  rapt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, also  Continental 
army. 

John  Jewell,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

John  Jewell,  capt.  Hankin- 
son's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Robert  Jobes,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

David  Johnson,  c  a  p  t.  R. 
Randolph's  co. 


THE    REVOLUTIONARY   WAR. 


L43 


Henry  Johnson,  1st  reg't 
•John  Johnson,  rapt.  Barnes 
Smock's  co.,  Lst  regiment, 
taken  prisoner  February 
13th,  1777  :  died  w  hil  e 
prisoner. 
Joseph  Johnson,  c  a  ]>  t.  8 

Dennis'  co.,  1st  reg't 
Peter  Johnson,  l>t  n 
William  Johnson,  (1)  capt 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 

gOl  'US. 

William  Johnson,  (2)  capt. 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Abraham  Johnson. 

Hendrick  Johnst<  >n. 

John  Johnston. 

Joseph  Johnston. 

William  Johnston. 

Henry  Jones,  lst  reg't,  also 
State  troops,  also  cont'l 
army. 

James  Jones,  capt.  Jacob 
Ten  Eyck's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Jonathan  Jones,  lst  reg't. 
also  State  troops,  also 
cont'l  army. 

Michael  Jordan,  1st  reg  * 
also  cont'l  army. 

John  Kelsey. 

Ebenezar  Kerr. 

Walter  Kerr,  also  contin'l 
army. 

Watson  Kerr,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

William  Kerr,  capt  Hauk- 
inson's  co.,  1st  regiment 

William  Kerrill. 

George  Kincard,  continent' 1 
army. 

James  Kinsley. 

James  Kinsley,  Matross, 
capt.  Huddys  co.  artil- 
lery. State  troops  ;  killed 
at  Toms  River,  March 
•21th,  1782. 


also 


•  I  3eph  Knox,  capt  Walton's 
troop,  light  drag<  tons. 

Robert  Laird,  lieut  Barnes 
Smock's  co.,  light  di 

William  Laird,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

John  Lake,  capt.  Sunn's 
co.,  lst  reg't 

Aaron  Lane,  1st  regiment, 
wounded  July,  177v. 

Jacob  Lane. 

William  Lane. 

William  Lard,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  CO.,  1st  )•  _  ' 

Daniel  Lawrence,  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  reg't 

Richard Leard,  capt.  Hank- 
inson's  co.,  lst  reg't. 

William  Leard,  capt  Hank- 
inson's  co.,  lst  reg't. 

John   Lee,    lst    reg't, 
cont'l  army. 

John  Leistel. 

Isaiah  Lemon. 

Thomas  Lemmon. 

William  Lequear. 

Thomas  Letson. 

John  Letts,  lst  reg't, 
cont'l  army. 

Nehemiah  Letts. 

Richard  Levings,  lieutenant 
Tice's  co. 

Ezekiel  Lewis. 
capt  Barnes 
co.,    artillery. 

Thomas  Linsey. 

Jacob  Lippincott,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons, also  cont'l  army. 

William  Lippincott.  capt. 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

David  Lloyd,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's co..  1st  reg't 

Thomas  Lloyd. 

Aaron  Longstreet.  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  lst  reg't. 


also 


Matross, 
Smock's 


144 


HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 


John  Longstreet,  capt. Wad- 
dell's  co.,  Ls1  reg't. 

Stoffel  Logan. 

David  Lord,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

John  Luif,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

William  Luis  (or  Lewis), 
capt.  Hankinson's  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

Thomas  Luker. 

Jolm  Magee,  lieut.  Tice's 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Andrew  Mains,  1st  reg't, 
wounded  at  Germantown, 
Oct.  4th,  1777. 

William  Mains. 

Andry  Mans,  capt.   Hunn's 


1st  reg't. 


Car- 


James    Marsh,    capt. 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

William  Martin,  continental 
army. 

Joseph  Mason,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

Moses  May. 

John  McBride,  cont'l  army. 

James  McChesney. 

Stephen  McCorinick,  capt. 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Cornelius  McDaniel,  1st 
reg't,  also  cont'l  army. 

Benjamin  McDonald,  cont'l 
army. 

James  McDuffee,  Matross, 
capt.  Barnes  Smock's  co., 
artillery. 

Robert  McDuffee. 

William  McDougal. 

James  McGee,  1st  reg't, 
also  capt.  Wittall's  CO., 
State  troops;  also  cont'l 
army. 

Joseph  McKnight. 

Daniel  McLaughlin,  cont'l 
army. 


John  McMullen. 

Lewis    McKnight,    captain 

Hankinson's  CO.,  1st  reg't. 

Thomas  Middleton,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Thomas  Middleton. 

Frederick  Miller,  captain 
Bruere's  co. 

James  Mitchell,  Matross, 
capt.  Buddy's  co.,  artil- 
lery, State  troops. 

Gideon  Molatt,  cont'l  army. 

Caleb  Moore,  cont'l  army. 

Edward  Moore,  capt.  Sam- 
uel Dennis'  co.,  1st  reg't. 

John  Moore. 

Joseph  Moore. 

Matthias  Moore,  1st  reg't, 
also  continental  army. 

Thomas  Moore,  1st  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  also 
continental  army. 

John  Morford,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

John  Morford,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's co.,  1st  reg't. 

Enoch  Morgan,  1st  reg't. 

Jas.  Morgan,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

John  Morris,  Matross,  capt. 
Huddy's  co. 

Robert  Morris,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't,  also 
continental  army. 

Daniel  Morrison. 

William  Morrison,  captain 
Hankinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Jesse  Mount,  capt.  Bairns 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Moses  Mount,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons, also  infantry. 

John  Mullen,  3d  reg't,  also 
State  troops,  also  cont'l 
army. 


Till     REVOLUTIONARY    WAR. 


145 


Nathaniel  Mount. 

Joseph  Murray,  .'!«l  reg't, 
killed  by  Tories  at  Mid- 
dletown,  June  8ths  L780. 

Christian  Naberling,  conti- 
nental army. 

John  Nance,  cont'l  army. 

John  Nestor. 

Hugh  Newell,  capt.  Bruere's 
co. 

William  Newman,  1st  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  also 
continental  army. 

John  Niverson,  capt.  Bur- 
rowes'  co.  1st  reg't ;  Ma- 
tross,  capt.  Huddy's  co., 
artillery  State  troops  ; 
Matross,  captain  Barnes 
Smocks  CO.,  artillery. 

Nathan  Nivison. 

Burrows  Norris. 

John  North. 

William  Ogborn,  lieutenant 
Barnes  Smock's  troop, 
light  dragoons. 

Eobert  Qglesbie. 

Henry  O'Neal  continental 
army. 

John  O'Neal. 

John  Otson,  1st  reg't,  also 
State  troops,  also  conti- 
nental army. 

Conrad  Overfelt,  capt. Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Henry  Overteur. 

Timothy  Page. 

Samuel  Pairs. 

Philip  Palmer,  2d  reg't,  also 
continental  army. 

Limis  Pangborn,  killed  at 
Manahawken,  New  Jer- 
sey, Dec.  30,  1781. 

Nathaniel  Pangborn. 

Elisha  Parker. 

George  Parker,  Matross, 
capt.  Huddy's  co.,  artil- 
lery, State  troops. 


Joseph  Parker. 

John  Parker,  Mai  ross,  capt. 
H  uddy's  co. 

Mark  Parker. 

-John  Parrent,  capt,  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  d  la- 
goons. 

Robert  Parrent,  capt.  Bru- 
ere's co. 

John  Parse,  1st  reg't. 

Jonathan  Parse,  1st  reg't. 

John  Parsons,  2d  reg't,  also 
continental  army. 

John  Patton. 

Benjamin  Paul,  Capt.  Bur- 
rows' co.,  1st  reg't,  capt. 
Wikoff's  co.,  2d  reg't. 

Wm.  Paxon,  capt.  Bruere's 
co. 

Samuel  Pearce,  lieutenant 
Barnes  Smock's  troop, 
light  horse. 

William  Pearce,  3d  reg't, 
also  State  troop,  also  con- 
tinental army. 

Samuel  Pease. 

Samuel  Peep,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Jonathan  Peer,  1st  reg't, 
also  Continental  army. 

Herm  Peet. 

Jonathan  Peirce. 

Samuel  Peirce,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Henry  Perrine. 

Job  Perrine,  capt.  Hankin- 
son's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Lewis  Perrine,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Silas  Perrine,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Samuel   Perse,   capt.   Wal 
ton's    troop,    light     dra- 
goons. 

Robert  Pette,  capt.  Nixon's 
troops,  light  horse. 


146 


HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 


James  Perrine. 

Jonathan   Pettemore,  capt. 
Huddy's  c< >.,  State  troops. 
Richard  Pettenger. 

Joseph  Pew. 

John  Phillips,  continental 
army. 

Joseph  Phillips. 

David  Philmelie. 

Abraham  Phihvell,  captain 
Keen's  co.,  State  troops, 
also  boatman. 

David  Phihvell,  Matross, 
capt.  Barnes  Smock's  co., 
artillery. 

Isaac  Pidgern,  capt.  Bru- 
ere's  co. 

Jonathan  Pierce,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Thomas  M.  Pike. 

Samnel  Pittenger,  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Francis  Piatt. 

James  Polhemus. 

Lefford  Polhemns. 

Xathan  Polhemus. 

Richard  Poling. 

Samuel  Poling. 

John  Porter. 

George  Post,  1st  reg't. 

Chas.  Pastens,  State  troops. 

Jacob  Pastens,  State  troops, 
also,  wagonmaster. 

Charles  Paster,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Richard  Pastley,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

Paul  Potter. 

Reuben  Potter. 

William  Potts,  cont'l  army. 

John  Preston. 

Joseph  Preston,  1st  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 

Adam  Primmer. 

Richard  Purdv,  captain 
Bruere's  CO. 


John  Price. 

Peter  Quackenbush,  capt. 
Hunu's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

David  Queen,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

David  Quin. 

James  Randolph. 

Samuel  Randolph. 

David  Ray,  capt.  Waddell's 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Robert  Reckless,  wounded 
at  Cedar  Creek,  December 
•27th,  1782. 

Aaron  Reed,  capt.  Hankin- 
son's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Aaron  Reed,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Job  Reed  (or  Reid),  capt. 
Hankinson's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

John  Reed,  infantry,  light 
horse. 

Hosea  Reeves. 

John  Reid,  Matross,  capt. 
Barnes  Smock's  co.,  artil- 
lery. 

Jonathan  Reid,  Matross, 
capt. Barnes  Smock's  co., 
artillery. 

James  Reynolds. 

John  Reynolds  (substitute), 
1st  reg't. 

Robert  Rhea,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

William  Ribeth,  continental 
army. 

John  Richardson 

George  Rivets. 

Joseph  Robbins. 

Moses  Robbins,  Matross, 
capt.  Huddy's  co.,  artil- 
lery. State  troops, wound- 
ed at  Toms  River.  March 
24th,  1782;  cont'l  army. 

William  Robbins. 

Matthew  Roberts,  captain 
Carhart's  co..  1st  reg't. 
State  troops. 


Till     REVO]  i   I  [ONABY    WAR. 


117 


Matthew  Roberts,  lieuten'i 
Tice's  co.,  Lsl  reg  b. 

Thomas  l!< >berts,  capt  Car- 
hart's  co.,  Lsl  reg  t. 

Edmund  Robinson. 

Samuel  Rogers,  lieut  Tice's 
co.,  1st  reg't 

James  Rogers. 

Richard  Elogers. 

Philip  Roler,  3d  reg't,  also 
Stat.'  troops  ;  also,  cont'l 
arm  v. 

William  Rolls. 

William  Rooler. 

.1  —  ph  R<  >se.  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  horse. 

Thomas  Rostoinder,  Ma- 
tross,  capt.  Huddy's  co., 
artillery,  State  troops. 

Henry  line.  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Job  Rue,  capt.  Hankinson's 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Matthew  Rue,  capt.  Hank- 
inson's CO.,  1st  l 

John  Rue,  capt.  "Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Matthew  Rue,capt  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Matthias  Rue,  ensign, Wal- 
ton's co.,  1st  reg't,  died  at 
New  York.  Feb.  28th, 
17(7.  while  prisoner  of 
war. 

William  Rue,  capt  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

John  Rue,  captain  Samuel 
Dennis'  co.,  1st  reg't. 

John  Ruff,  captain  Samuel 
Dennis'  co.,  lstreg't 

Benjamin  Salter.  Eastern 
battalion;  killed  Septem- 
ber 6th,  1771). 

William  Sanford, 

Cornelius  Schanck,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  reg't. 


Rulief  Schaner,  captain 
H  mill's  co.,  1  >t  reg'1 ;  dis- 
charged. 

( 'rineyonce  Schenck. 

Cyrenus  Schenck.  lieuten'i 
Jacob  Tice's  co.,  1  si  reg't. 

( rarret  Schenck,  lieutenant 
Barnes  Smock's  troop, 
light  dragoone. 

Peter  Schenck. 

William  Schenck.  lieuten- 
ant Jacob  Tice's  co.,  1st 
reg't 

Timothy  Scoby,  capt.  A\  ;ul- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

.h.l.  Scudder,  capt. Walton- 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

■James  Searbrook,  captain 
Samuel  Dennis'  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

Daniel  Sexton. 

William  Sexton. 

William  Shafey,  1st  reg't, 
also  continental  army. 

Robert  Sharp,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Thomas  Shaw.  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Josiah  Shearman. 

Thomas  Shepherd,  lieut. 
Tice's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Al  >1  tertus  Sin  >ekalear. 

David  Sickle  (<  >r  Van  Sickle) 
2d  reg't.  also  continental 
army. 

James  Sickles,  lieut.  Tic- '- 
co.,  1st  reg't,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons ;  Matross,  captain 
Barnes  Smock's  co.,  ar- 
tillery. 

James  Smaller,  capt  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Benjamin  Smith. 


148 


HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 


George  Smith,  capt.  Hunn's 

co.,  1st  reg't. 
Gideon  Smith. 
Jacob  Smith,  capt.  Hankin- 

son's  co.,  1st  reg't. 
John    Smith,  capt.   Hunn's 

co.,  1st  reg't. 
Joseph      Smith,      Matross, 

capt.  Barnes  Smock's  co., 

artillery- 
Peter  Smith. 

Samuel  Smith,  lieut.  Tice's 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Thomas  Smith,  1st  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  also 
cont'l  army. 

William  Smith,  1st  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  also 
corit'l  army. 

Cornelius  Smock. 

George  Smock. 

Chris.  Sneider,  cont'l  army. 

John  Sneider. 

William  Snewden. 

John  Soloman,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

John  Soloman,  1st  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 

John  Springstein. 

Isaac  Staatser,  capt.  Barnes 
Smock's  co.,  artillery. 

Isaac  Stalm,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Wm.  Starkey,  State  troop, 
also  cont'l  army. 

Isaac  States,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Robert  Steath. 

Alexander  Stewart,  2d  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 

William  Stewart. 

ELisha  Still,  capt.  Bruere's 
co. 

Jacob  Stillwagon,  Matross, 
capt.  Huddy's  co.,  artil- 
lery, State  troop. 


Peter  Stilll wagon. 

Garret  Stillwell,  lieutenant 
Barnes  Smock's  troop, 
light  dragoons. 

Gershom  Stillwell. 

John  Stillwell,  capt.  Samuel 
Dennis'  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Obediah  'Stillwell,  1st  reg't, 
died  April  18,  1777,  while 
prisoner. 

Thomas  Stillwell. 

Matthew  Htiner. 

John  Storer. 

Luke  Storey. 

Seth  Storey,  Matross,  capt. 
Huddy's  co.,  artillery, 
State  troops. 

James  Stout. 

Jeremiah  Stout. 

Jonathan  Stout. 

Thomas  Stout,  capt.  Sam'l 
Dennis'  co.,  1st  regt. 

Adam  Striker,  capt.  Samuel 
Dennis'  co.,  1st  regt. 

John  Stymits. 

Peter  Stymits. 

David  Sutfin,  captain  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'us. 

Job  Sutfin,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  ligit  dragoons. 

John  Sutfin,  capt.  Hankin- 
son's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Joseph  Sutfin,  captain  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'us. 

Abram  Sutphen. 

Court  Sutphen,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  regt. 

John  Sutphen,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drae'ns. 

Peter  Sutphen,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'us. 

Jonas  Sutton,  2d  regt.,  also 
cont'l  a  nay. 

Richard  Suydam. 

Jacobus  Swangler,  captain 
Bruere's  co. 


■i  in    nr.vni. \\i;v  wai:. 


1  111 


Jesse    Swem,  2d  regt.,  also 

COnt'l  arm  v. 

( tbadiah  Sylvester,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

William   Tallman,    contin'] 

army. 

James  Tapscott,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

Charles  Tatem,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  drag'ns. 

Edward  Taylor. 

James  Taylor,  State  troops. 

John  Taylor,  captain  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Joseph  Taylor,  1st  regt.  ; 
wounded  at  Germant'wn, 
( >ct.  1th,  1777. 

John  Test,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

Jonathan  Thorpe. 

Richard  Thomas. 

Robert  Thomas. 

Benjamin  Thompson. 

Lewis  Thompson,  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  regt. 

William  Thompson,  capt. 
Samuel  Dennis'  co.,  1st 
regt. 

David  Thompson. 

Benjamin  Thorp,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's  co.,  1st  regt. 

James  Throckmorton,  capt. 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  reg't.  ; 
also  troop  light  horse  ; 
also  cont'l  army. 

Richard  Tice. 

Benjamin  Tilton. 

Benjamin  Tilton,  Jr.,  Ma- 
tross,  captain  Barnes 
Smock's  co.,  artillery. 

Edward  Tilton. 

John  Tilton,  captain  Wad- 
dell's co.,  1st  regt. 

John  Thompson,  captain 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  regt. 

Isaac  Tonson. 


John  Tril.il. 

Abraham  Truax,  capt.  Han- 

kinson's  co.,  1st  regt. 
Jacob  Truax. 
Samuel  Truax,  capt.  Samuel 

Dennis'  co.,  1st  reg't. 
Samuel  Truax,  lieut.  Tice's 

co.,  1st  regt. 
( '<  >rnelius  Tunison,  lieuten't 

Barnes    Smock's     troop, 

light  dragoons. 
John  B.  Turner. 
John  Tyson,  1st  regt. 
John  Underwood. 
Thomas  Yalentine,  Matross, 

capt.  Huddy's  co..  State 

troops. 
William  Valentine. 
Jacob  C.  YanArtsdalen. 
David  Tan  Blarkin. 
Stephen  Tan  Brackley,  capt. 

Carhart's  co.,  1st  regt. 
John  Tan  Cleave. 
Joseph  Tan  Cleave. 
Peter  Van  Cleave. 
John  Van  Court. 
Cornelius  Vanderbilt. 
Jacob  Vanderbilt. 
Abraham  Vanderhall,  capt. 

Waddell's  co.,  1st  reg't.; 

also  cont'l  army. 
Cornelius    P.    Vanderhoof, 

capt.     Carhart's    co.,   1st 

regt. 
John  A  anderhoof. 
Gershom    Vanderhull,    1st 

reg't ;  died   March  28th, 

1778,  of  wounds  received 

at  Germantown,  Pa.,  Oct. 

4th,  1777. 
Abraham  Vanderhull,  State 

troops. 
Henry  Vanderhull. 
Cornelius  Vanderveer,   tr'p 

light  horse. 
John  Vanderveer. 


150 


HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 


Jos.  Vanderveer,  Matross, 
capt.  Barnes  Smock's  co., 
artillery. 

Peter  Vanderventer. 

Denise  Vandine. 

Isaac  VanDorn,  troop,  light 
dragoons. 

Nicholas  Van  Dorn. 

Jemisen  Vankirk,  captain 
Hankinson's  co.,  lstregt. 
lieuten't  Jacob  Tice's  co., 
1st  regt. 

Benjamin  Van  Mater,  capt. 
Waddell's  co.,  1st  regt., 
captain  Barnes  Smocks 
co.,  artillery. 

Cyrionce  Van  Mater,  capt. 
Waddell's  co. 

Cyrinus  Van  Mater,  capt. 
Waddell's  co. 

James  Van  Norman,  1st 
reg't ;  also  cont'l  army. 

Martin  Van  Nortwick. 

Alexander  Van  Pelt,  capt. 
Carhart's  co.;  also  State 
troops. 

Christopher  Van  Pelt,  capt. 
Carhart's  co. 

Hendrick  Van  Pelt,  captain 
Carhart's  co. 

Jacob  Van  Pelt,  capt.  Car- 
hart's co. 

Johannes  Van  Pelt,  captain 
Carhart's  co. 

Tunis  Van  Pelt,  capt.  Car- 
hart's co. 

William  Van  Pelt,  captain 
Carhart's  co. 

William  Van  Pelt,  captain 
Walton's  troop,  light 
dragoons. 

Court  Van  Schaick,  Ma- 
tross, captain  Barnes 
Smock's  co.,  artillery. 

Benjamin  J.  Van  Skoick. 

Jonah  Van  Skoick. 


John  Van twicke,  continental 

army. 

Joseph  Vantwicke,  conti- 
nental army. 

Henry  Voorhees,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's co. 

Lucas   Voorhees. 

Tunis  Voorhees,  Matross, 
captain  Barnes  Smock's 
co.,  artillery. 

William  Voorhees,  captain 
Waddell's  co. 

Jaques  Voorhees. 

Vincent  Wainwright. 

John  Wainwright,  captain 
Huddy's  co. 

Forman  Walker. 

George  Walker,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's co. 

William  Wallen. 

John  Wiley,  cont'l  army. 

William  Wilgus. 

James  Wilkinson. 

Humphrey  Willett,  captain 
Samuel  Dennis'  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

Arthur  Williamson. 

William  Williamson,  capt. 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Henry  Willin,  cont'l  army. 

Andrew  Wilson,  continental 
army. 

Benjamin  Wilson,  captain 
Samuel  Dennis'  co.,  1st 
reg't. 

Jacob  Wilson. 

James  Wilson,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

John  Wilson. 

Peter  Wilson. 

James  Winter,  1st  reg't, 
died  March  1th,  1777, 
while  prisoner. 

Jacob  Witchell,  continental 
army. 


1  lil     REV0L1   l\'<\  LM    WAR. 


ir,i 


Joseph  Wollea,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  battalion. 

Benjamin  Wood. 

George  Wood. 

M.i;  bias  Wood. 

James  Woodmancy. 

Abraham  Wooley. 

Stephen  Wolverton. 

Nicholas  Worrel,  captain 
Barnes  Smock's  co.,  artil- 
lery, Matross. 

John  Worth,  capt.  Walton's 
troop,  light  dragoons. 

William  Worth,  1st  reg't, 
also  State  troops,  cont'l 
army. 

John  Yateman. 

Benjamin  Yates. 

William  Y'ates,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

Car  hart  Walling. 

Daniel  Walling. 

James  Walling. 

John  Walling. 

Philip  Walling,  1st  reg't, 
wounded  at  Middletown, 
New  Jersey,  June  21st, 
1780. 

Carhart  Walton,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

William  Waid,  1st  reg't, 
also  cont'l  army. 


( reorge  Warner. 

John  Warrick,  capt.  Wal- 
ton's troop,  light  dra- 
goons. 

William  Watson,  2d  v^i^'t, 
also  cont'l  army. 

Ariluir  Weeks. 

Valentine  Wilet,  capt.  Wal- 
,  ton's  t  coop,  light  dra- 
goons, capt.  Hankinson's 
co.,  1st  reg't. 

Stephen  West,  capt.  Wad- 
dell's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Thomas  West,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's co.,  1st  reg't. 

Lewis  White. 

William  White. 

James  Whitlock,  capt.  Car- 
hart's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

Lockhart  Whitlock. 

Garret  Wickoff. 

Jacob  Wickoff,  capt.  Han- 
kinson's co.,  1st  reg't. 

Samuel  Wickoff. 

William  Wickoff,  captain 
Hunn's  co.,  1st  reg't. 

John  Wilber,  Matross,  capt. 
Huddy's  co.,  artillery, 
State  troops. 

William  Wilber. 

Steron  Wilberson. 

Richard  Wilbur,  captain 
Bruere's    co. 


-*?->: 


152         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  MONMOUTH. 


COMPILED  FROM  CONTEMPORANEOUS  HISTORY  AND  DESIGNED 
TO  INCLUDE  EVERYTHING  OF  INTEREST  RELATING  TO 
THAT   EVENT. 


(From  Gordon's  History  of  New  jersey.)* 


About  the  time  the  command  of  the  army  devolved 
upon  Sir  Henry  Clinton,  orders  were  received  for  the 
evacuation  of  Philadelphia.  The  part  which  France  was 
about  to  take  in  the  war,  with  the  naval  force  she  had 
prepared,  rendered  this  city  a  dangerous  position,  and 
determined  the  administration,  entirely,  to  abandon  the 
Delaware.  Preparations  to  this  end  were  actively  pur- 
sued, but  it  was  some  time  uncertain  to  what  point  the 
army  was  destined.  At  length  the  intention  was  appar- 
ent to  reach  New  York  through  the  Jerseys.  Upon  this 
presumption  General  Washington  conducted  his  oper- 
ations. 

General  Maxwell,  with  the  Jersey  Brigade,  was  or- 
dered to  take  post  about  Mount  Holky  and  to  unite  with 
Major-General  Dickenson,  who  was  assembling  the  mil- 
itia for  the  purpose  of  breaking  down  bridges,  falling 
trees  in  the  roads,  and  otherwise  embarassing  the  march 
of  the  British  General.  Instructions  were  given  to  these 
officers  to  guard  carefully  against  a  covp  dt  main,  and  to 
keep  the  militia  in  small,  light  parties  on  his  flanks. 

When  Washington  learned  that  the  greater  propor- 
tion of  the  British  army  had  crossed  the  Delaware,*  he 
convened  a  council  of  general  officers  to  determine  on  his 
course.  The  force  of  the  armies  was  nearly  equal,  the 
numerical  advantage  being  with  the  Americans;  the 
British  having  ten  and  the  Americans  between  ten  and 
eleven  thousand.  Of  seventeen  general  officers,  Wayne 
and  Cadwalader  alone  were  decidedly  in  favor  of  attack- 
ins   the    enemy.     La    Fayette  inclined   to   that   opinion 


*  The  History  of  New  Jersey  from  its  Discovery  by  Europeans  to  the  adoption 
•  if  the  Federal  Constitution.  By  Thomas  F.  Gordon,  Trentou  Published  by  Daniel 
Fenton,  1834. 

t  June  18,  1778. 


THE    BATTLE   OF    MONMOl   I  II.  153 

without  openly  embracing  it.  Consequently  it  was 
resolved  not  to  risk  a  battle. 

Sir  Henry  Clinton  moved  with  great  deliberation, 
seeming  to  await  the  approach  of  his  adversary.  He 
proceeded  through  H;iddonheld,:|:  Mount  Holly,  Slab- 
town  and  Crosswicks  to  Allentown  and  Imlaystown,  which 
he  reached  on  the  twenty-fourth. 

Dickinson  and  Maxwell  retired  before  him,  unable 
to  obstruct  his  march  otherwise  than  by  destroying  the 
bridges.  As  his  route,  until  he  passed  Crosswicks,  lay 
directly  up  the  Delaware,  and  at  no  great  distance  from 
it,  General  Washington  found  it  necessary  to  make  an 
extensive  circuit  to  pass  the  river  at  Coryell's  Ferry. 
Pursuant  to  the  settled  plan  of  avoiding  an  engagement 
he  kept  the  high  grounds,  directing  his  army  so  as  to 
cover  the  important  passes  of  the  Highlands.  He  crossed 
the  river  on  the  twenty-second,  and  remained  the  twenty- 
third  at  Hopewell,  in  elevated  country,  adjacent  to  the 
river. 

General  Arnold,  whose  wounds  yet  unfitted  him  for 
service,  was  directed  to  possess  himself  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  to  detach  four  hundred  continental  troops  and 
such  militia  as  could  be  collected,  to  harass  the  rear  of 
the  enemy. 

This  service,  by  the  order  of  the  commander-in- 
chief,  was  confided  to  General  Cadwalader,  who  could 
only  add  to  his  continental  force  fifty  volunteers  and 
forty  militia,  commanded  by  General  Lacy.  From  Hope- 
well, Morgan,  with  six  hundred  riflemen,  was  detached 
to  annoy  his  right  flank ;  Dickenson,  with  about  one 
thousand  Jersey  militia,  and  Maxwell's  brigade,  hung  on 
his  left. 

In  this  position  of  the  armies  General  Washington, 
who  had  rather  acquiesced  in  than  approved  the  decision 
of  the  late  council  of  war,  and  was  disposed  to  seek  bat- 
tle, again  submitted  the  proposal  to  the  consideration  of 
the    general    officers,    by    whom    it  was  again  negatived. 


t  The  night  that  the  British  encamped  at  Haddon  field,  Captain  McLane,  In- 
order  from  General  .Ml  old.  passed  through  their  ramp,  and  repotted  their  situa- 
tion to  the  General. 


154         HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

By  their  advice  a  chosen  body  of  fifteen  hundred  men, 
under  Brigadier-General  Scott,  was  added  to  the  corps 
on  the  left  flank  of  the  enemy.  But  Washington  being 
supported  by  the  wishes  of  some  officers  whom  he  highly 
valued,  determined  on  his  own  responsibility,  to  bring  on 
a  general  engagement.  The  enemy  being  on  his  March 
to  Monmouth  Court-House,  he  resolved  to  strengthen 
the  force  on  his  lines  by  despatching  General  Wayne 
with  an  additional  corps  of  one  thousand  men.  The 
Continental  troops  now  thrown  in  front  of  the  army 
amounted  to  four  thousand  men,  a  force  sufficient  to 
require  the  direction  of  a  major-general.  The  tour  of 
duty  was  General  Lee's,  but  he  having  declared  strongly 
against  hazarding  even  a  partial  engagement,  and  sup- 
posing that  in  conformity  with  the  advice  signed  by  all 
the  generals  in  camp,  save  one,  nothing  would  be  at- 
tempted beyond  reconnoitering  the  enemy  and  restrain- 
ing the  plundering  parties,  showed  no  disposition  to  as- 
sert his  claim,  but  yielded  the  command  to  General  La- 
Fayette.  All  the  continental  parties  on  the  lines  were 
placed  under  his  direction,  with  orders  to  take  measures 
in  concert  with  General  Dickenson,  to  impede  the  march 
of  the  British  and  to  occasion  them  the  greatest  loss. 
These  measures  demonstrated  the  wishes  of  the  com- 
mander-in-chief, tending  almost  inevitably  to  a  general 
battle.  Wayne  had  earnestly  advised  it,  and  La  Fayette 
inclined  towards  a  partial  engagement.  Colonel  Hamil- 
ton, who  accompanied  him,  had  the  strongest  desire  to 
signalize  the  detachment,  and  to  accomplish  all  the 
wishes  of  Washington.  These  dispositions  having  been 
made,  the  main  army  was  moved  to  Cranberry  on  the 
twenty-sixth,  to  support  the  advance.  The  intense  heat 
of  the  weather,  a  heavy  storm,  and  a  temporary  want  of 
provisions,  prevented  it  from  proceeding  further  next 
day.  The  advance  corps  had  pressed  forward  and  taken 
a  position  on  the  Monmouth  road,  about  five  miles  in 
the  rear  of  the  enemy,  with  the  intention  of  attacking 
him  on  the  next  morning.  It  was  now,  however,  too  re- 
mote and  too  far  on  the  right  to  be  supported  in  case  of 


THE  BATTLE   OF    MONMOUTH.  1 . 55 

action  ;  ami,  pursuant  fco  orders,  fcke  Marquis  filed  off  by 
his  lefi  towards  Englishtown,  early  in  the  morning  of  the 
twenty-seventh. 

General  Lee  had  declined  the  command  of  the  ad- 
vance party,  under  the  opinion  that  it  was  not  designed 
for  effective  service;  but  perceiving  soon  after  its  march 
that  much  importance  was  attached  to  it,  and  dreading 
lest  his  reputation  might  suffer,  he  earnestly  solicited  to 
be  placed  at  its  head.  To  relieve  his  feelings,  without 
wounding  those  of  La  Fayette,  Washington  detached  the 
former  with  two  other  brigades  to  support  the  Marquis. 
Lee  would,  of  course,  have  the  direction  of  the  whole 
front  division,  amounting  now  to  five  thousand  men  ;  but 
he  stipulated  that  if  any  enterprise  had  been  formed  by 
Li  Fayette,  it,.should  be  execute  1  as  if  the  commanding- 
officer  had  not  been  changed. 

Sir  Henry  Clinton  had  taken  a  strong  position  on 
the  high  grounds  about  Monmouth  Court  House  ;  having 
his  right  flank  in  the  skirt  of  a  small  wood,  his  left  se- 
cured by  a  thick  one,  and  a  morass  toward  his  rear.  His 
whole  front  was  also  covered  by  a  wood,  and  for  a  con- 
siderable distance  toward  his  left,  by  a  morass,  and  he 
was  within  twelve  miles  of  the  high  grounds  about  Mid- 
dletown  ;  after  reaching  which  he  would  be  perfectly 
secure. 

Under  these  circumstances,  General  Washington  de- 
termined to  attack  their  rear,  the  moment  they  should 
move  from  their  ground.  This  determination  was  com- 
municated to  Lee,  with  orders  to  make  his  disposition 
and  to  keep  his  troops  constantly  lying  on  their  arms, 
that  he  might  be  in  readiness  to  take  advantage  of  the 
first  movement.  Corresponding  orders  were  also  given 
to  the  rear  division. 

About  five  in  the  morning  of  the  twenty-eighth,  in- 
telligence was  received  from  General  Dickenson,  that  the 
front  of  the  enemy  was  in  motion.  The  troops  were  im- 
mediately under  arms,  and  Lee  was  directed  to  move  on 
and  attack  the  rear,  "unless  there  should  be  powerful 
reasons  to  the  contrary."     He  was  at  the  same  time  in- 


156         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

formed,  that  the  main  army  would  march  to  support 
him. 

Sir  Henry  Clinton,  perceiving  that  the  Americans 
were  in  his  neighborhood,  changed  the  order  of  his 
march.  The  baggage  was  placed  under  the  care  of  Gen- 
eral Knyphausen,  while  the  flower  of  this  army,  unin- 
cumbered, formed  the  rear  division  commanded  by  Lord 
Cornwallis  ;  who,  to  avoid  pressing  upon  Knyphausen, 
remained  on  his  ground  until  about  eight,  and  then  de- 
scending from  the  heights  of  Freehold,  into  a  plain  of 
about  three  miles  in  extent,  took  up  his  line  of  march  in 
rear  of  the  front  division. 

General  Lee  made  the  dispositions  necessary  for  ex- 
ecuting his  orders  ;  and,  soon  after  the  rear  of  the  enemy 
was  in  motion,  prepared  to  attack  it.  General  Dickenson 
had  been  directed  to  detach  some  of  his  best  troops  to 
co-operate  with  him,  and  Morgan  to  act  on  the  enemy's 
right  flank,  but  with  so  much  caution  as  to  be  able  read- 
ily to  extricate  himself  and  to  form  a  junction  with  the 
main  body. 

Lee  appeared  on  the  heights  of  Freehold  soon  after 
the  enemy  had  left  them,  and  following  the  British  into 
the  plain  gave  orders  to  General  Wayne  to  attack  their 
covering  party  so  as  to  halt  them,  but  not  to  press  them 
sufficiently  to  fores  them  up  to  the  main  body,  or  to 
draw  reinforcements  from  thence  to  their  aid.  In  the 
meantime,  he  proposed  to  gain  their  front  by  a  shorter 
road  on  their  left,  and  entirely  intercepting  their  com- 
munication with  the  line  to  bear  them  off  before  they 
could  be  assisted. 

While  in  the  execution  of  this  design,  a  gentleman 
of  General  Washington's  suite  came  up  to  gain  intelli- 
gence, and  to  him  Lee  communicated  his  present  object. 

Sir  Henry  Clinton,  soon  after  the  rear  division  was 
in  full  march,  observed  a  column  of  the  Americans  on  his 
left  flank.  This  being  militia,  was  soon  dispersed.  When 
his  rear  guard  had  descended  from  the  hill,  it  was  fol- 
lowed by  a  corps;  soon  after  which  a  cannonade  upon  it 
was    commenced    from    some  pieces  commanded  by  Col- 


THE  BATTLE  OF  MONMOUTH.  157 

onel  Oswald,  and  at  the  same  time  lie  received  intelli- 
gence  that  a  respectable  force  had  shown  itself  on  both 
his  llanks.  Believing  a  design  to  have  been  formed  on  his 
baggage,  which  in  the  defiles  would  he  exposed,  he  de- 
termined in  order  to  secure  it  to  attack  the  troops  in  his 
rear  so  vigorously  as  to  compel  them  to  call  off  those  on 
his  flanks.  This  induced  him  to  march  back  his  whole 
rear  division,  which  movement  was  making  as  Lee  ad- 
vanced for  the  purpose  of  reconnoitering  to  the  front  of 
the  wood  adjoining  the  plain.  He  soon  perceived  him- 
self to  have  mistaken  the  force  which  formed  the  rear  of 
the  British,  but  he  yet  proposed  to  engage  on  that 
ground,  although  his  judgment,  as  was  afterwards  stated 
by  himself,  on  an  inquiry  into  his  conduct,  disapproved 
of  it ;  there  being  a  morass  immediately  in  his  rear, 
which  could  not  be  passed  without  difficulty,  and  which 
would  necessarily  impede  the  arrival  of  reinforcements 
to  his  aid  and  embarass  his  retreat  should  he  be  finally 
overpowered. 

This  was  about  ten  o'clock.  While  both  armies 
were  preparing  for  action,  General  Scott  (as  stated  by 
General  Lee),  mistook  an  oblique  march  of  an  American 
column  for  a  retreat,  and  in  the  apprehension  of  being 
abandoned  left  his  position  and  repassed  the  ravine  in 
his  rear.  Being  himself  of  opinion  that  the  ground  on 
which  the  army  was  drawn  up  was  by  no  means  favora- 
ble to  them,  Lee  did  not  correct  the  error  Scott  had  corn- 
committed,  but  directed  the  whole  detachment  to  regain 
the  heights  they  had  passed.  He  was  pressed  by  the 
enemy  and  the  same  slight  skirmishing  ensued  during 
this  retrograde  movement,  in  which  not  much  loss  was 
sustained  on  either  side. 

When  the  first  firing  announced  the  commence- 
ment of  the  action,  the  rear  division  threw  off  their 
packs  and  advanced  rapidly  to  support  the  front.  As 
they  approached  the  scene  of  action,  Washington, 
who  had  received  no  intelligence  from  Lee  notifying  his 
retreat,  rode  forward,  and  about  noon,  after  the  army  had 
m'arched  live  miles,  to  his  utter  astonishment  and  mortifi- 


L58  EISTORl    OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

cation,  met  the  advanced  corps  retiring  before  the  enemy 
with  bnt  having  made  a  single  effort  to  maintain  their 
ground.  Those  whom  he  first  fell  in  with  neither  un- 
derstood  the   motives  which  had  governed  General  Lee 

nor  his  present  design,  and  could  give  no  other  informa- 
tion than  that  by  his  orders  they  had  fled  without 
fighting. 

Washington  rode  to  the  rear  of  the  division,  which 
was  closely  pressed.  There  he  met  Lee,  to  whom  he 
spoke  in  terms  of  some  warmth,  implying  disapproba- 
tion of  his  conduct.  He  also  gave  immediate  orders 
to  the  regiments  commanded  by  Colonel  Stewart  and 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Ramsay  to  form  on  a  piece  of  ground 
which  he  deemed  proper  for  the  purpose  of  checking  the 
enemv,  who  were  advancing  rapidly  on  them.  General 
Lee  was  then  directed  to  take  proper  measure  with  the 
residue  of  his  tore-  to  stop  the  British  column  on  that 
ground,  and  the  Commander-in-chief  rode  hack  himself 
to  arrange  the  rear  division  of  the  army.  These  orders 
were  executed  with  firmness.  A  sharp  conflict  ensued, 
and  when  forced  from  the  ground  on  which  he  had  been 
placed,  Lee  brought  off  his  troops  in  good  order,  and  was 
then  directed  to  form  in.  the  rear  of  Englishtown. 

The  check  thus  given  the  enemy,  afforded  time  to 
draw  up  the  left  wing  and  second  line  of  the  American 
army  on  an  eminence,  partly  in  a  wood,  and  partly  in  an 
open  field,  covered  by  a  morass  in  front.  Lord  Sterling, 
who  commanded  the  wing,  brought  up  a  detachment  of 
artillery,  under  Lieutenant-Colonel  Carrington,  with  some 
field  pieces,  which  played  with  considerable  effect  upon 
the  enemy,  who  had  passed  the  morass  and  were  press- 
ing on  to  the  charge.  The  pieces,  with  the  aid  of  sev- 
eral parties  of  infantry  detached  for  the  purpose,  effec- 
tually put  a  stop  to  their  advance. 

The  American  artillery  were  drawn  up  in  the  open 
field,  and  maintained  their  ground  with  admirable  firm- 
ness under  a  heavy  and  perseyering  fire  from  the  British. 

The  right  wing  was  for  the  day  commanded  by  General 
(ireene.     To  expedite  the  inarch,  and  to  prevent  the  en- 


THE  BATTLE   OF    MONMOI   111.  L59 

emy  from  turning  the  right  flank,  he  bad  been  ordered 
to  file  off  by  the  new  church,  two  miles  from  Englishtown, 

and  fco  tall  into  the  Monmouth  road  a  small  distance 
in  the  rear  of  the  court  house,  while  the  residue  of  the 
army  proceeded  directly  to  that  place.    He  had  advanced 

on  this  road  considerably  to  the  righi  of  and  rather  be- 
yond the  ground  on  which  the  armies  were  now  engaged, 
when  he  aras  informed,  of  the  retreal  of  Lee,  and  of  the 
new  disposition  of  the  troops.  He  immediately  changed 
his  route  and  took  an  advantageous  position  on  the 
right. 

Warmly  opposed  in  front  the  enemy  attempted  to 
turn  the  left  flank  of  the  American  army,  but  were  re- 
pulsed and  driven  back  by  parties  of  infantry.  They 
then  attempted  the  right  with  as  little  success.  ( reneral 
Greene  had  advanced  a  body  of  troops,  with  artillery,  to 
a  commanding  piece;  of,1  ground  in  his  front,  which  not 
only  marred  their  design  of  turning  the  right,  but  severe- 
ly enfiladed  the  party  which  yet  remained  in  front  of  the 
left  wing.  At  this  moment,  General  Wayne  advanced 
with  a  body  of  infantry  in  front,  who  kept  up  so  hot 
and  well  directed  a  fire  of  musketry  that  the  Brit- 
ish soon  gave  way  and  withdrew  behind  the  ravine  to  the 
ground  on  which  the  first  halt  had  been  made. 

Here  the  British  line  was  formed  on  very  strong 
ground.  Both  flanks  were  secured  by  thick  woods  and 
morasses,  while  their  front  could  be  reached  only 
through  a  narrow  pass.  The  day  had  been  intensely  hot 
and  the  troops  were  much  fatigued.  Still,  Washington 
resolved  to  renew  the  engagement.  For  this  purpose 
Brigadier-General  Poor,  with  his  own  and  the  Carolina 
brigade,  gained  the  enemy's  right  flank,  while  Woodford, 
with  his  brigade,  turned  their  left,  and  the  artillery  ad- 
vanced on  them  in  front.  But  the  impediments  on  the 
flanks  of  the  enemy  were  so  considerable  that  before 
they  could  be  overcome  and  the  troops  approach  near 
enough  to  commence  the  attack  it  was  nearly  dark.  Under 
these  circumstances  further  operations  were  deferred  un- 
til  morning.      The   brigades   on    the    flanks   kept    their 


160         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ground  through  the  night  and  the  other  troops  lay  on 
their  arms  in  the  field  of  battle  in  ordei  to  be  in  perfect 
readiness  to  support  them.  General  Washington,  who 
had  through  the  day  been  extremely  active,  passed  the 
night  in  Ins  cloak  in  the  midst  of  his  soldiers. 

In  the  meantime,  the  British  were  employed  in  re- 
moving bheir  wounded.  About  midnight  they  marched 
away  in  such  silence  that  their  retreat  was  without  the 
knowledge  of  General  Poor,  who  lay  very  near  them. 

As  it  was  perfectly  certain  that  lie  would  gain  the 
high  grounds  about  Middletown  before  they  could  be 
overtaken,  where  they  could  not  be  attacked  with  advan- 
tage as  the  face  of  the  country  afforded  no  prospect  of 
opposing  their  embarkation;  and  as  the  battle,  already 
fought,  had  terminated  favorably  to  the  reputation  of 
the  American  arms,  it  was  thought  advisable  to  relin- 
quish the  pursuit.  Leaving  the  Jersey  brigade.  Mor- 
gan's corps  and  AL'Lane's  command  to  hover  about 
them,  to  countenance  desertion,  and  protect  the  country 
from  their  depredations,  it  was  resolved  to  move  the 
main  body  of  the  army  to  the  Hudson,  and  take  a  posi- 
tion which  should  effectually  cover  the  important  passes 
in  the  Highlands. 

The  loss  of  the  Americans  was  eight  officers  and 
sixtv-one  privates  killed,  and  about  one  hundred  and 
sixty  wounded. 

Among  the  slain  were  Lieut. -Colonel  Bonner,  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  Major  Dickinson,  of  Virginia,  both 
much  regretted.  One  hundred  and  thirty  were  missing ; 
of  whom  many  afterwards  joined  their  regiments. 

Sir  Henrv  Clinton  stated  his  dead  and  missing  at 
four  officers,  and  one  hundred  and  eighty-four  privates  ; 
his  wounded  at  sixteen  officers,  and  one  hundred  and 
fifty-four  privates.  This  account,  so  far  as  respects  the 
dead,  cannot  be  correct,  as  four  officers  and  two  hundred 
and  forty-five  privates  were  buried  on  the  held,  and 
some  few  were  afterwards  found  and  buried,  so  as  to  in- 
crease the  number  to  nearly    three    hundred.     The  un- 


Til!    l;\  l  l  ll     OF    MONMOl  I  II.  1  I'd 

common  heal  of  the  day  was  fatal  to  si 'Mia]  on  both  sides. 
As  usual  when  a  battle  lias  no:  been  decisive,  both 
parties  claimed  the  victory.  In  tin-  early  part  of  the 
da\  the  advantage  was  certainly  with  the  British;  in  the 
latter  partit  may  be  pronounced  with  equal  certainty  t<> 
have  been  with  the  Americans.  They  maintained  their 
ground,  repulsed  the  enemy  by  whom  they  were  attacked, 
were  prevented  only  by  the  night,  ami  the  retreat  of  Sir 
Henry  Clinton  from  renewing  \\w  action,  ami  suffered  in 
killed  and  wounded  less  than  their  adversai 

Independent  of  the  loss  sustained  in  action  the 
British  army  was  considerably  weakened  in  its  way 
from  Philadelphia  to  New  York  About  one  hundred 
prisoners  were  made,  and  near  a  thousand  soldiers,  prin- 
cipally foreigners,  many  of  whom  had  married  in  Phila- 
delphia, deserted  the  British  standard  during  the  march. 
Whilst  the  armies  were  traversing  the  Jerseys, 
Gates,  who  commanded  on  the  North  River,  by  a  well- 
timed  and  judicious  movement  down  the  Hudson,  threat- 
ened New  York  for  the  purpose  of  restraining  the  gar- 
rison of  that  place  from  reinforcing  Sir  Henry  Clinton, 
should  such  a  measure  be  contemplated. 

The  conduct  of  Lee  A\as  generally  disapproved.  As. 
however,  he  had  possessed  a  large  share  of  the  confi- 
dence of  the  commander-in-chief,  it  is  probable  that  ex- 
planations might  have  been  made  which  would  have  res- 
cued him  from  the  imputations  cast  on  him,  and  have 
restored  him  to  the  esteem  of  the  army,  could  his 
haughty  temper  have  brooked  the  indignity  he  believed  to 
have  been  offered  him  on  the  field  of  battle.  General 
Washington  had  taken  no  measures  in  consequence  of 
the  events  of  that  day  and  probably  would  have  come  to 
no  resolution  concerning  them  without  an  amicable  expla- 
nation had  he  not  received  from  Lee  a  letter,  in  very  un- 
becoming terms,  in  which  he  manifestly  assumed  the 
station  of  a  superior,  and  required  reparation  for  the  in- 
jury sustained  from  the  very  singular  expressions  said  to 
have  been  used  on  the  da}'  of  the  action  by  the  com- 
m  ander-in-c  hief . 


162         HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

This  letter  whs  answered  by  an  assurance,  that  so 
soon  as  circumstances  would  admit  of  au  inquiry,  he 
should  have  an  opportunity  of  justifying  himself  to  the 
army,  to  America,  and  to  the  world  in  general,  or  of  con- 
vincing them  that  he  had  been  guilty  of  disobedience  of 
orders,  and  misbehavior  before  the  enemy.  On  the  same 
day,  on  Lee's  expressing  a  wish  for  a  speedy  investiga- 
tion of  his  conduct,  and  for  a  court  martial  rather  than  a 
court  of  inquiry,  lie  was  arrested  : 

First,  For  disobedience  of  orders  in  not  attacking  the 
enemy  on  the  28th  of  June,  agreeably  to  repeated  instruc- 
tions.  Secondly,  For  misbehavior  before  the  enemy  on 
the  same  day,  in  making  an  unnecessary,  disorderly  and 
shameful  retreat.  Thirdly,  For  disrespect  to  the  com- 
mander-in-chief in  twro  letters.  Before  this  correspond- 
ence had  taken  place,  strong  and  specific  charges  of  mis- 
conduct had  been  made  against  General  Lee  by  several 
officers  of  his  detachment,  and  particularly  by  denei-als 
Wayne  and  Scott.  In  these  the  transactions  of  the  day, 
not  being  well  understood,  were  represented  in  colors 
much  more  unfavorable  to  Lee  than  facts  would  justify. 
These  representations,  most  probably  produced  the 
strength  of  the  expressions  contained  in  the  second  ar- 
ticle of  the  charge.  A  court  martial  was  soon  called, 
over  which  Lord  Stirling  presided  ;  and  after  a  full  in- 
vestigation, Lee  was  found  guilty  of  all  the  charges  ex- 
hibited ■  against  him.  and  sentenced  to  be  suspended  for 
one  year.  This  sentence  was  afterwards,  though  with 
some  hesitation,  approved,  almost  unanimously  by  Con- 
gress. The  court  softened,  in  some  degree,  the  severity 
of  the  second  charge  by  finding  him  guilty,  not  in  its 
very  words,  but  of  misbehavior  before  the  enemy,  by 
making  an  unnecessary,  and,  in  some  tew  instances,  a 
disorderly  retreat. 

Lee  defended  himself  with  his  accustomed  ability. 
He  suggested  a  variety  of  reasons  justifying  his  retreat, 
which,  if  they  do  not  absolutely  establish  its  propriety, 
give  it  so  questionable  a  form  as  to  render  it  probable 
that  a  public  examination  would  never  have  taken  place. 


Tin:  !•■  \  l  II  I     OF    MONMOl  Til.  1(J3 

could  his  proud  spirit  have  stooped  to  offer  explanation 
instead  of  outrage, to  the  commander-in-chief. 

From  "  Dawson's  Battles  <>F  the  United  States,"  this 
most  important  incident  of  the  day  is  thus  described: 

While  Genera]  Washington's  faithful  and  intelligent 
secretary  Colonel  Harrison,  was  engagedin  the  front,  en- 
deavoring to  ascertain  the  cause  of  the  retreat,  General 
Washington  was  not  less  active  in  seeking  information 
and  in  checking  the  retreat.  Riding  forward  and  accost- 
ing the  several  commandants  of  regiments  as  lie  met 
them,  he  received  the  same  negative  answers  and  the 
same  evidences  of  dissatisfaction  that  his  secretary  had 
received,  until  in  the  rear  of  the  retreating  column  he 
met  the  commands  of  Colonels  Ramsay  and  Stewart. 
Calling  these  officers  to  him  and  telling  them  that  he 
"  should  depend  upon  them  that  day  to  give  the  enemy 
a  check,"  he  directed  General  Wayne  to  form  them  with 
two  pieces  of  artillery  on  their  right,  and  hold  the  enemy 
in  check.  At  this  instant  the  guilty  author  of  the  mis- 
chief, General  Lee,  rode  up,  and  the  commander-in-chief 
demanded,  in  the  sternest  manner,  "  What  is  the  mean- 
ing of  all  this,  sir  ?  "  Disconcerted  and  crushed  under 
the  tone  and  terrible  appearance  of  his  chief,  General 
Lee  could  do  nothing  more  than  stammer,  "  Sir,  sir  ?  " 
When,  with  more  vehemence  and  with  a  still  more  indig- 
nant expression,  the  cpuestion  was  repeated.  A  hurried 
explanation  was  attempted — his  troops  had  been  misled 
by  contradictory  intelligence,  his  officers  had  disobeyed 
his  orders,  and  he  had  not  felt  it  his  duty  to  oppose  the 
whole  force  of  the  enemy  with  the  detachment  un- 
der his  command.  Further  remarks  were  made  on  both 
sides,  and  closing  the  interview  with  calling  General  Lee 
a  "  damned  poltroon,"*  the  commander-in-chief  hastened 
back  to  the  high  ground  between  the  meeting  house  and 
the  bridge,  where  he  formed  the  regiments  of  Colonels 
Shreve,  Patterson,  Grayson,  Livingston,  Cilley  and  Og- 

*  This  statement  is  made  on  the  authority  of  General  La  Fayette,  who  gave  it  on 
the  piazza  of  the  residence  of  Vice-president  Daniel  D.  Tompkins.  Sunday  morn- 
ing, August  15.  1824.  General  La  Fayette  referred  to  it  as  the  only  instance  wherein 
he  had  heard  the  General  swear. 


164  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

den,  and  the  left  wing  under  Lord  Sthling.  AVlien  the 
first  line  of  troops  had  been  formed  on  the  heights,  Gen- 
eral Washington  rode  up  to  General  Lee  and  inquired  in 
a  calmer  tone,  "  Will  you  retain  the  command  on  this 
height  or  not?  If  you  will,  I  will  return  to  the  main 
body  and  have  it  formed  on  the  next  height."  General 
Lee  accepted  the  command  ;  when,  giving  up  the  com- 
mand, General  Washington  remarked,  "  I  expect  you 
will  take  proper  means  for  checking  the  enemy,"  and 
General  Lee  promised,  "Your  orders  shall  be  obeyed; 
and  I  shall  not  be  the  first  to  leave  the  ground." 

The  attention  of  General  Washington  was  now  turned, 
principally  to  the  north  River,  towards  which  the  march 
of  his  army  was  directed,  with  the  intention  of  continu- 
ing some  time  about  Haverstraw.  And  soon  after  he 
crossed  the  North  River  to  White  Plains. 

After  remaining  a  few  days  on  the  high  grounds  of 
Middletown,  Sir  Henry  Clinton  proceeded  to  Sandy 
Hook,  wdience  he  passed  his  army  over  to  New  York. 
This  transit  was  effected  by  means  of  a  fleet  under  Lord 
Howe,  which  had  arrived  off  the  Hook  on  the  "28th  of 
June. 

Upon  the  day  of  battle  the  French  fleet,  under  Count 
D'Estaing,  having  on  board  a  respectable  body  of  land 
forces,  made  the  coast  off  Chincoteague  Inlet.  Had  it 
arrived  a  few  days  earlier  its  suparior  force  would  have 
shut  Lord  Howe  and  the  British  fleet  in  the  Delaware, 
and  the  censure  of  the  army  under  Sir  Henry  Clinton 
would,  probably,  have  followed.  The  Count  proceeded 
to  Sandy  Hook  for  the  purpose  of  attacking  the  British 
fleet  in  port,  and  should  this  be  found  impracticable,  to 
make  an  attempt  on  Rhode  Island.  The  first  was  de- 
feated by  the  shoalness  of  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the 
harbor. 

Another  account  of  the  battle  closes  b}r  stating  that 
after  the  terrible  reprimand  of  General  Lee  by  the  Com- 
mander-in-chief, that  officer,  however  much  he  had 
erred,  bore  himself  with  great,  though  boastful  gal- 
lantry throughout  the  remainder  of  the  action.     Enough, 


THE   BATTLE   OF    MONMOl   I  3.  1G5 

that  from  the  moment  of  Washington's  coming,  however 
hard  to  undo  the  error  of  an  hour,  the  tide  of  battle  re- 
mained at  a  standstill  if  it  did  not  ;it  once  flow  in  favor 
of  the  patriots.  When  the  night  Eel]  the  palm  of  assured 
\ictor\  was  almost  within  the  grasp  of  the  patriot  com- 
mander, and  only  the  one  question  remained  whether 
Clinton  w'as  or  was  not  too  much  crippled  to  resume  his 
march  towards  Sandy  Hook.  Only  the  broken  character 
of  the  ground  thwarted  Washington's  intention  of  test- 
ing his  strength  by  yet  another  attack  after  nightfall; 
with  such  impediments,  and  in  the  exhausted  state  of 
his  troops,  the  second  attack  was  deferred  until  morning. 
Both  forces  lay  on  their  arms  very  near  each  other,  but 
a  little  west  of  Monmouth  Court  House,  when  the  night 
came  on  ;  but  when  the  morning  broke  the  British  camp 
was  deserted  and  the  harassed  hosts  of  Clinton  were  be- 
yond the  Court  House  and  out  of  reach,  having  left 
so  silently  that  even  General  Poor,  in  command  of 
the  American  advanced  corps,  had  no  suspicion  of  the 
intention  or  its  fulfillment.  With  this  departure  and 
virtual  escape  of  the  British,  necessarily  the  combat 
was  at  an  end.  Clinton  pursued  his  way  by  the  hills 
of  Middletown  to  Sandy  Hook,  and  the  fleet  of  Lord 
Howe,  which  bore  his  troops  away  to  New  York; 
and  Washington — his  enemy  driven  from  the  Jerseys 
if  no  more — marched  northward  with  his  army  to  New 
Brunswick,  and  thence  to  the  Hudson. 

The  enemy's  loss,  it  is  said,  was  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Hon.  H.  Monckton,  Captain  Gore,  Lieutenants  Vaughan 
and  Kennedy,  four  sergeants  and  fifty-seven  rank  and 
file  killed;  three  sergeants  and  fiftj'-six  rank  and  file 
died  from  fatigue  ;  Colonel  Trelawney,  Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel Simcoe,  Major  Gardner,  Captains  Cathcart,  Bereton, 
Willis,  Leighton,  Powell,  Bellue  and  Ditmas,  and  Lieu- 
tenants Kelly,  Paumier,  Goroffe,  Desborough  and  Gil- 
christ, seven  sergeants,  one  hundred  and  forty-eight 
rank  and  tile  wounded  ;  and  seven  sergeants  and  sixty- 
one  rank  and  file  missing.*     The    American  army   lost 


The  militia  had  returned  to  their  homes  immediately  after  the  action. 


166         HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Bonner,  Major  Dickinson,  three  cap- 
tains, three  lieutenants,  one  sergeant,  seven  matrosses, 
one  bombardier  and  fifty-two  rank  and  rile  killed;  two 
colonels,  nine  captains,  six  lieutenants,  one  ensign,  one 
adjutant,  nine  sergeants,  one  gunner,  ten  matrosses  and 
one  hundred  and  twenty-two  rank  and  file  wounded  ; 
five  sergeants,  one  matross,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
six  rank  and  tile  missing,  many  of  whom,  who  had  been 
overcome  by  the  heat,  afterwards  came  in. 

OLD  TIMES  IX  OLD  MONMOUTH. 


OLD  MONMOUTH  THE  PIONEER  OF  RELIGIOUS  TOLERATION. 
Everv  citizen  of  old  Monmouth  has  just  cause  to  be 
proud  of  the  fact  that  the  original  patentees  were  among 
the  first  in  America  to  gurantee  toleration  to  all  settlers 
in  religious  matters.  In  Rhode  Island,  while  Roger  Wil- 
liams advocated  "a  free,  full  and  absolute  liberty  of  con- 
science,'" it  is  charged  that  Roman  Catholics  were  ex- 
cepted in  the  charter  of  166o.  The  much  vaunted  toler- 
ation act  of  Maryland  limited  toleration  to  "all  who  be- 
lieved in  Jesus  Christ.''  William  Penn  did  not  arrive 
in  America  until  October,  1682,  nearly  eighteen  years  after 
the  Monmouth  patentees  declared  that  every  settler 
should    have  Free  Liberty  of  Conscience  without  any 

MOLESTATION    OR    DISTURBANCE   WHATSOEVER    IN    THE    WAY    OF 
THEIR  WORSHIF. 

REVOLUTIONARY    TIMES — SOME    PERSONAL    RFMINISCENCES. 

This  section  of  New  Jersey  is  exceptionally  rich  in 
reminiscences  of  the  past,  extending  from  the  colonial 
times  down  to  the  present.  The  geographical  situation 
of  Monmouth  County  has  always  exposed  its  eastern  por- 
tion to  the  furious  sweep  of  storm  and  tempest,  and  at 
the  same  time,  left  it  open  to  the  ravages  of  the  enemy, 
whenever  involved  in  foreign  Avar.  This  was  peculiarly 
tin-  case  in  the  war  of  1812,  when  the  British  cruisers  lay 
off  the  coast,  and  held  such  a  constant  menace  over  the 
section,  that  none  of  the  citizens  were  drafted,  but  were 
ordered  to  hold  themselves  in  readiness  to  repel  invasion. 


OLD    I  I.Ml'.s    i\    MONMOl   I  II.  1  I'm 

Judge  John  S.  Form  w,  a  former  -I  iidge  of  Monmouth 
county,  a  hale  old  man  of  vigorous  frame,  whose  memory 
ran  back  almost  four  score  years,  had  a  wide  and  accu- 
rate knowledge  of  the  history  of  Monmouth  for  a  century 
previous  and  whose  father  blew  a  fife  at  the  liattle  of 
Monmouth;  in  June,  177s,  related  the  following:  "1  was 
then  only  a  lad  of  thirteen  or  fourteen  years,"  said  the 
Judge.  ""1  have  often  heard  my  father  describe  the  battle. 
The  day  was  fearfully  hot,  and  my  father  was  blowing 
with  all  his  might,  when  the  battle  became  fiercer  and 
fiercer,  and  it  drew  more  of  his  attention  than  did  the 
music.  While  he  stood  thus,  his  uncle.  Colonel  Samuel 
Forman,  mounted  upon  a  white  horse,  halted  within  a 
short  distance,  and  began  giving  orders  to  some  officers 
near  liiin.  His  nephew,  still  holding  his  fife  to  his  mouth, 
stood  with  idle  fingers,  staring  and  listening,  and  forget- 
ful entirely  of  his  own  duty.  All  at  once  the  Colonel 
spurred  his  charger  up  to  the  young  man,  and  making  a 
sweep  at  him  with  his  sword  thundered  out,  'You  little 
rascal,  if  you  don't  fill  that  fife  and  keep  time,  I'll  run 
you  through.'  Young  Forman  'kept  time'  until  the  whist- 
ling of  the  bullets  and  the  thunder  of  the  cannon  ended 
and  "Washington  drove  the  British  from  the  field. 

"It  was  a  favorite  custom  of  the  English  cruisers  to 
send  a  barge  ashore,  at  some  point  on  the  coast,  kill  and 
dress  a  number  of  cattle,  and  take  the  beef  back  to  the 
ship  with  them.  On  one  of  these  occasions,  when  a  barge 
was  aiming  for  Barnegat,  two  fishermen  were  engaged  on 
shore.  One  of  them  naturally  enough  took  to  the  woods, 
and  kept  out  of  sight  until  they  were  gone.  The  other 
was  a  well-remembered  character,  known  as  George  Ha- 
vens, supposed  by  many  to  be  underwitted,  but.  as  is  often 
the  case,  with  a  certain  vein  of  shrewdness  and  cunning 
that  more  than  once  made  him  a  match  for  those  who 
were  supposed  to  be  more  highly  endowed  than  he,  he 
determined  to  wait  and  see  the  British,  quite  confident 
that  lie  could  pull  through  any  trouble  into  which  he 
was  likely  to  get.  Havens  had  a  thin,  squeaking  voice, 
and  when  the  English  landed,  he  made  them  a  low  obeis- 


168         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

ance,  as  if  delighted  to  meet  them.  Gathering  around 
the  old  man,  they  instantly  besieged  him  with  questions. 
They  wished  to  know  whether  there  was  any  American 
force  near  at  hand,  and  pointing  to  the  masts  of  some 
vessels  that  could  be  seen  several  miles  up  the  bay,  they 
gave  him  to  understand  that  they  meant  to  burn  them, 
and  unless  he  piloted  them  across  to  the  bay,  he  would 
be  shot.  Havens,  with  mouth  and  eyes  wide  open,  lis- 
tened to  all  they  had  to  say,  and  then,  his  face  lit  up,  as 
he  replied  that  they  were  correct.  He  had  often  found 
the  nests  of  sea  gulls  himself,  in  the  sand  along  shore,  it 
being  their  custom  to  lay  two,  three  and  sometimes  four 
eggs.  The  exasperated  foragers  plied  him  with  other 
questions,  but  a  deafer  man  than  Havens  was  never  seen. 
To  every  inquiry  he  returned  the  most  ridiculous  an- 
swers, and  when  they  ordered  him  to  help  kill  and  dress 
some  of  the  cattle  browsing  near,  he  still  was  unable  to 
comprehend  their  meaning.  When  they  were  ready  to 
embark,  the  old  man  was  frightened  to  hear  them  discuss 
whether  they  should  take  him  along  as  a  prisoner  or  not. 
The  officer  in  charge  was  desirous  of  carrying  him  aboard 
ship,  as  were  a  number  of  his  subordinates;  but,  after 
quite  an  extended  debate^  they  concluded  that  he  was  too 
deaf  to  be  of  any  use,  and  he  was  left. 

"The  American  coasters  hiding  in  the  rivers  and  in- 
lets were  constantly  on  the  lookout  for  a  chance  to  slip 
out  and  run  up  to  New  York,  with  their  cargoes  of  wood 
and  material  that  were  in  great  demand.  During  a  storm 
I  have  frequently  stood  on  the  beach,  and  looking  out  to 
sea,  have  been  unable  to  detect  a  single  sail.  It  is  then 
that  all  prudent  navigators  make  haste  to  get  out  of 
sight  of  the  Jersey  coast.  It  was  on  such  occasions  as 
these,  that  the  little  American  vessels  stole  cautiously 
out  of  the  inlet,  and  crowded  all  sail  for  New  York.  It 
was  assuming  great  risk,  but,  if  successful,  they  were 
sure  of  making  a,  handsome  profit  on  their  cargo,  and  all 
were  eager  to  take  the  chance. 

"I  was  down  in  the  meadows,"  said  the  Judge,  "one 
day    in    the    month    of  July,  1813,  when  I  noticed  that  a 


OLD   TIMES    IN    MONMOUTH.  169 

British  brig  that  had  been  standing  on  and  offshore  for 
a  number  of  weeks,  had  all  sail  crowded  on,  and  w&s 
heading  almost  directly  in.  As  the  white  foam  curled 
away  from  her  [trow,  it  was  easy  to  sec  that  she  was 
coming  with  greal  speed,  or  there  was  some  mischief 
afoot.  A  glance  northward  told  what  it  meant.  Two  of 
our  sloops,  after  making  the  run  into  New  York,  were 
creeping  down  the  coast,  hoping  to  reach  shelter  unob- 
served, when  the  brig  sighted  them  and  instantly  spread 
every  stitch  of  canvass  for  the  purpose  of  cutting  them 
off.  Well  knowing  their  peril,  the  coasters  ran  with  des- 
perate haste  for  Squan  Inlet,  certain  that  if  they  could 
once  get  in  there,  all  danger  would  be  at  an  end.  Thus 
all  three  were  heading  toward  the  same  point,  and  at  one 
time  they  were  about  equi-distant.  The  sloops  were  much 
the  faster,  and  had  everything  been  favorable,  would 
have  effected  their  escape ;  but,  when  they  turned  to  run 
into  the  inlet,  the  water  was  too  low.  There  was  a  heavy 
thump,  and,  as  the  bows  lurched  upward,  we  could  see 
that  both  were  immovably  grounded.  The  crews  were  in 
the  boats  in  a  twinkling,  and  in  a  few  minutes  later  landed 
safely. 

"The  brig  approached  as  close  as  was  prudent,  and 
then  opened  tire  upon  the  helpless  sloops.  The  shots 
were  well  directed,  and  the  hull  and  rigging  were  splin- 
tered and  battered  until  it  seemed  as  if  they  were  totally 
destroyed.  Some  of  the  shots  passed  over  the  bluff,  and 
struck  a  mile  or  two  inland.  They  fell  all  about  the 
house  of  Uncle  Tommy  Cook,  and  one  of  them,  I  recol- 
lect, just  grazed  the  top  of  his  barn  and  ploughed  up  the 
field  beyond.  They  were  not  chary  of  their  shots  either, 
but  kept  hammering  away  at  the  sloops,  until  certain 
they  were  destroyed,  they  withdrew  to  watch  for  other 
daring  roasters  that  might  be  prowling  along  shore. 
After  they  were  out  of  the  way,  and  the  tide  had  risen, 
we  got  the  sloops  over  the  bar  and  up  the  inlet,  where 
they  were  repaired  and  used  for  years  afterward.  Three 
thousand  two  hundred  pounds  of  shot  were  picked  up  in 
the  shape  of  cannon  balls.    I  remember  that  we  expected 


170  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

tlie  British  would  land  that  night,  and  there  were  a  hun- 
dred and  eighty  of  us  under  arms,  and  on  the  lookout.  We 
would  have  given  a  good  deal  to  induce  them  to  do  so,  but 
they  were  all  very  timid  about  venturing  on  shore,  and  pre- 
ferred to  drop  a  shot  now  and  then  upon  us,  from  their 
men-of-war,  or  to  land  only  long  enough  to  steal  a  few 
cattle  and  make  off  again." 

Among  revolutionary  incidents  is  one  giving  an  account 
of  the  shooting  of  a  notorious  horse  thief  and  tory 
named  Fenton.  He  was  a  sort  of  Modoc,  who  was  in 
constant  communication  with  the  British,  and  took  a 
devilish  pleasure  in  leading  them  against  his  neighbors, 
many  of  whom  were  utterly  ruined  through  his  treach- 
ery. A  couple  of  Americans  concealed  themselves  under 
some  hay  and  barrels  in  a  wagon,  while  a  third,  under  the 
guise  of  an  honest  farmer,  rattled  off  down  the  road  by  a 
house  where  Fenton  was  reported  to  be.  Not  suspecting 
the  trap  set  for  him,  the  miscreant  summoned  the  wagon 
to  halt,  set  down  his  gun,  and  started  out  to  take  posses- 
sion of  the  stores  that  he  supposed  were  in  the  vehicle. 
He  had  just  thrown  one  foot  over  the  fence,  when  the  two 
men  in  concealment  rose  up  and  shot  him  dead.  Judge 
Form  an  stated  to  me  that  his  father's  housekeeper  was 
standing  only  a  few  feet  away  at  this  moment,  aud  saw 
the  wretch  meet  his  doom  in  the  manner  described. 

THE  ATTACK  ON  THE  RUSSELL  FAMILY. 


This  outrage  was  an  unusually  aggravated  one  even 
for  the  Refugees,  and  the  particulars  will  show  wh}T  Phil. 
White  was  afraid  that  he  would  be  hung  if  he  reached 
Freehold.  John  Russell,  one  of  his  guards,  after  the 
war,  removed  to  old  Dover  township,  near  Cedar  Creek, 
and  his  descendants  nov  live  at  Barnegat. 

The  following  extract  is  from  the  New  Jersey  Gazette, 
published  during  the  Revolution  : 

"  On  the  30th  of  April,  1780,  a  party  of  negroes  and 
Refugees  from  Sandy  Hook  landed  at  Shrewsbury  in 
order  to  plunder.    During  their  excursion,  a  Mr.  Russell, 


THE    ATTACK    <>N    THE    RUSSELL    FAMILY.  171 

who  attempted  some  resistance  to  their  depredations, 
was  killed,  and  his  grandchild  bad  five  balls  shot  through 
him,  but  is  yet  living.  Captain  Warner,  of  the  privateer 
brig  Elizabeth,  was  made  prisoner  by  these  ruffians,  but 
was  released  by  giving  them  two  and  a  half  joes.  This 
banditti  also  took  off  several  prisoners,  among  whom 
were  Captain  James  Green  and  Ensign  John  Morris,  of 
the  militia." 

The  following  is  from  Hewes'  Collections  : 

"  Mr.  Russell  was  an  elderly  man,  aged  about  sixty 
years.  As  the  party  entered  his  dwelling,  which  was  in 
the  night,  he  fired  and  missed.  William  Gillian,  a  native 
of  Shrewsbury,  their  leader,  seized  the  old  gentleman  by 
the  collar,  and  was  in  the  act  of  stabbing  him  in  the  face 
and  eyes  with  a  bayonet,  when  the  fire  blazed  up  and, 
shedding  a  momentary  light  upon  the  scene,  enabled  the 
younger  Russell,  who  lay  wounded  on  the  floor,  to  shoot 
Gillian.  John  Farnham,  a  native  of  Middle  town,  there- 
upon aimed  his  musket  at  the  young  man,  but  it  was 
knocked  up  by  Lippencott,  who  had  married  into  the 
family.  The  party  then  went  off.  The  child  was  acci- 
dentally wounded  in  the  affray.' 

The  Lippencott  above  mentioned,  we  presume,  was 
Captain  Richard  Lippencott,  who  subsequently  had  the 
command  of  the  party  which  hanged  Captain  Joshua 
Huddy.  John  Rnssell,  mentioned  above  as  having  been 
wounded,  and  who  subsecpiently  was  one  of  Phil.  White's 
guard,  lived  to  quite'  an  advanced  age,  at  Cedar  Creek, 
and  his  account  of  the  affair,  as  related  to  the  late  Cap- 
tain Ephraim  Atcheson,  was  substantially  as  follows  : 

"  There  were  seven  Refugees,  and  he  (John)  saw 
them  through  the  window,  and  at  one  time  they  got  so 
that  he  told  his  father  he  could  kill  four  of  them,  and  he 
wished  to  fire,  as  he  believed  the  other  three  would  run. 
His  father  persuaded  him  not  to  fire,  but  to  do  so  when 
they  broke  into  the  house.  When  they  broke  in,  the 
father  fired  first,  but  missed  his  aim.  He  was  then  fired 
upon  and  killed.  John  Russell  the  a  fired  upon  and 
killed    Gillian,    who    had    shot    his    father.     During  the 


172         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

affray  John  was  shot  in  the  side,  and  the  scars  of  the 
wound  wore  visible  until  his  death.  After  being  wounded 
he  fell  on  the  floor  and  pretended  to  be  dead.  The 
Refugees  then  went  to  plundering  the  house.  The 
mother  and  wife  of  John  were  lying  in  bed  with  the  child. 
The  child  awoke  and  asked:  'Grandmother,  what's  the 
matter?'  A  Refugee  pointed  his  gun  at  it  and  fired,  and 
said,  'That's  what's  the  matter!'  Whether  he  intended 
to  wound  the  child  or  only  to  frighten  it  is  uncertain,  but 
the  child,  as  before  stated,  was  badly  wounded,  but 
eventually  recovered.  As  the  Refugees  were  preparing 
to  leave,  one  of  their  number  pointed  his  musket  at  John 
Russell  as  he  lay  on  the  floor,  and  was  about  again  firing 
at  him,  saying  he  didn't  believe  he  was  dead  yet,  where- 
upon another,  probably  Lippencott,  knocked  up  the 
musket,  saying  it  was  a  shame  to  tire  upon  a  dying  man, 
and  the  load  went  into  the  ceiling.  After  the  Refugees 
were  gone,  John  got  up  and  had  his  wounds  dressed,  and 
exclaimed  to  his  wife  :  'Ducky!  bring  me  a  glass  of 
whiskey;  I'll  come  out  all  right  yet.'  He  did  come  out 
all  right,  and  before  the  war  ended  he  aided  in  visiting 
merited  retribution  on  the  Refugees  for  their  doings  at 
this  time.  When  some  two  years  later  he  aided  in  the 
capture  of  Phil.  White,  one  of  the  party  who  killed  his 
father,  it  is  not  probable  that  he  desired  his  death  be- 
fore reaching  Freehold,  as  it  was  quite  certain  justice 
would  be  meted  out  to  him  there.  Of  the  seven  Refugees 
concerned  in  the  attack  on  the  Russell  family,  at  least 
three  met  with  their  just  deserts,  viz  :  Gillian,  killed  at 
the  time  ;  Farnham,  subsequently  captured  and  hanged 
at  Freehold;  and  Phil.  White,  killed  while  attempting 
to  escape." 

PHIL.  WHITES  CAPTURE  AND  DEATH. 


Among  some  old  residents,  the  Refugee  version  of 
Phil.  White's  death  at  one  time  seemed  so  far  accepted 
as  to  imply  a  belief  in  wanton  cruelty  to  White,  and 
Howes'  Historical  Collection  seems  inclined  to  favor  the 


PHIL.    WHITENS   CAPTUBE    AND    DEATH.  ll'> 

same  belief.  But  the\  se'em  not  to  have  been  aware  thai 
the  whole  matter  was  thoroughly  investigated  by  both 
the    British    ami  Americans  shortly  after  it  occurred,  and 

the  evidence,  subsequently  filed  in  the  State  Department 
at  Washington,  conclusively  proves  the  falsity  of  the 
Refugee  assertions  of  wanton  cruelty.  This  evidence  is 
given  in  full  in  a  report  made  to  Congress,  February  14, 

1837,  on  a  report  relating  to  pension  claims  of  Captain 
Joshua  Huddy's  heirs.  Among  the  affidavits  taken  and 
forwarded  to  General  Washington  were  those  of  Aaron 
White,  a  brother  of  Phillip  White,  who  was  taken 
prisoner  with  him,  John  North,  William  Borden  and 
John  Russell,  who  were  his  guards.  White  was  captured 
near  Long  Branch,  and  the  guard  was  ordered  to  take 
him  to  Freehold.  Before  starting  he  was  told  if  lie  at- 
tempted to  escape  he  would  be  shot  down.  When  be- 
tween Colt's  Neck  aud  Freehold,  White  slipped  off  his 
horse  and  made  for  the  woods;  the  guards  called  on  him 
to  stop,  but  he  refused  to  halt  and  they  tired  on  him  ; 
the  ball  fired  by  Borden  wounded  him  aud  he  fell  on  his 
hands  and  knees,  but  got  up  and  ran  for  the  woods,  but 
North  lea] ied  a  fence  on  horseback  and  headed  him  off 
when  he  made  for  a  bog  ;  North  jumped  from  his  horse, 
dropped  his  gun  aud  pursued  him  with  drawn  sword,  and 
overtook  him  ;  White  would  not  stop,  and  North  struck 
at  him  with  the  sword  which  wounded  him  in  the  face, 
and  White  fell,  crying  that  he  was  a  dead  man.  Borden 
repeatedly  called  "  White,  if  you  will  give  up  you  shall 
have  quarters  yet."  White's  body  was  taken  to  Freehold, 
and  the  evidence  of  General  David  Form  an  and  others 
who  saw  the  body,  showed  that  he  had  received  no  other 
wounds  but  the  gun  shot  in  his  breast  and  cuts  of  a 
sword  on  his  face. 

The  probability  is  that  Phil.  White  supposed  if  he 
was  taken  to  Freehold  jail,  that  he  would  be  tried  and 
hanged  for  his  participation  in  the  murder  of  the  father 
of  John  Russell,  one  of  his  guards,  and  the  attempt  to 
kill  Russell  himself,  as  well  as  in  other  misdemeanors, 
and  so  he  determined  to  try  to  escape,  aud  he  made  the 


174         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

effort    at    a    place    where    he  thought  the  woods,  fences, 
marsh  and  brook  would  impede  the  light  horsemen. 

MANNAHAWKIN  IN  THE  REVOLUTION. 


THE    RANDOLPHS,    CRANES,    JOHNSONS     AND     OTHERS — MEANING 
OF   THE    NAME    MaNNAHAWKIN,  &C. 

Probably  no  place  in  old  Monmouth  furnished  a 
greater  number  of  men  in  proportion  to  population  for 
the  service  of  the  country  during  the  Revolution  than 
did  Mannahawkin.  Captain  Reuben  Randolph  who 
owned  the  public  house  on  the  site  of  the  one  at  present 
occupied  by  Mr.  Joseph  R.  Wilkins,  was,  with  his  heroic 
band  of  militia,  very  active  in  guarding  against  Tory  out- 
rages at  home  as  well  as  abroad.  Among  those  who 
nobly  stood  by  him  besides  his  own  two  sons,  Thomas 
and  Job,  were  the  ancestors  of  many  well-known  families 
now  residing  in  that  village,  among  whom  may  be 
named,  the  Cranes,  Bennetts,  Johnsons,  Pangburns, 
Browns,  Letts,  Hay  woods,  Pauls  and  others. 

At  one  time  it  was  rumored  that  Bacon  with  a  party 
of  refugees  was  coming  to  Mannahawkin  on  a  plundering 
expedition,  and  such  of  the  members  of  the  militia  as 
could  be  notified  were  hastily  summoned  together  at 
Captain  Randolph's  house  to  prepare  to  meet  them.  The 
militia  remained  on  the  alert  the  greater  part  of  the 
night,  but  rinding  the  Tories  failed  to  make  their  appear- 
ance, they  concluded  it  was  a  false  alarm  and  retired  to 
sleep  after  appointing  sentinels.  From  the  best  informa- 
tion now  obtained  it  is  most  probable  that  Jeremiah 
Bennett  and  Job  Randolph  were  sentinels  on  one  post 
and  Seth  Crane  and  Samuel  Bennett  on  another,  and 
Captain  Randolph  himself  also  volunteering. 

The  refugees  came  down  the  road  from  towards 
Barnegat  and  the  first  intimation  the  sentinels  stationed 
near  the  Baptist  church  had  of  their  coming  was  by 
hearing  their  bayonets  strike  together  as  they  were  march- 
ing. The  sentinels  halted  long  enough  to  see  that  the 
party  was  quite  large,  numbering  perhaps  thirty  or  forty, 


MAWAI1  \\VKI\    l\    THE    REVOLUTION.  L75 

and  firing,  ran  aooss  the  fields  to  the  public  bouse  to 
give   the   alarm.     By  the  time  the    lev,  militiamen  were 

arouse*!,  the  refugees  were  abreast  of  the  house,  and  be- 
fore they  could  form,  they  were  tired  upon  and  Lyons  Pang- 
burn  was  killed  and  Sylvester  Tilton  severely  wounded, 
both  men  belonging  to  Captain  Randolph's  company. 
The  militia  were  compelled  to  retreat  down  the  Lane  be- 
fore they  could  organize,  when  finding  the  refugees  well 
armed  and  nearly  double  their  number,  they  were  reluct- 
antly compelled  to  decline  pursuing  them.  The  refugees 
made  but  a  short,  if  any  halt,  and  passed  down  the  road 
towards  West  Creek.  In  the  party  with  Bacon  was  the 
same  Englishman,  Wilson,  alluded  to  in  the  case  of 
Reuben  Soper  in  a  previous  chapter,  and  also  a  man 
named  Brewer. 

Tilton,  who  was  so  severely  wounded,  miraculously 
recovered,  although  the  ball  passed  clear  through  him, 
going  in  by  one  shoulder  and  out  on  a  little  one  side  of 
his  breast;  the  physician,  as  is  well  authenticated, 
passed  a  silk  handkerchief  completely  through  the 
wound.  Several  of  our  citizens  yet  living  often  saw  the 
scars  of  this  wound.  Sometime  after  the  war  was  over 
Tilton  removed  to  Colt's  Neck,  where  it  is  believed  some 
of  his  descendants  now  live.  He  always  believed  that 
Brewer  was  the  man  who  wounded  him,  and  as  after  the 
war  Brewer  had  the  hardihood  to  remain  in  the  vicinity, 
Tilton  determined  to  punish  him,  and  did  give  him  a 
severe  chastisement.  One  tradition  of  this  punishment 
is,  that  when  Tilton  found  out  where.  Brewer  was,  he 
started  after  him  unarmed.  On  his  way  he  met  James 
Willetts  then  quite  a  noted  and  highly  esteemed  Quaker, 
who,  upon  finding  out  Tilton's  errand,  vainly  pursuaded 
him  to  turn  back;  finding  he  would  not,  Willetts  asked 
permission  to  go  along,  hoping  something  would  turn  up 
to  make  a  peaceable  end  of  the  affair.  Tilton  willingly 
accepted  his  company,  but  plumply  told  him  if  he  inter- 
fered he  would  flog  him,  too.  Arriving  at  the  house  where 
Brewer  was,  Tilton  suddenly  opened  the  door  and  rushed 
toward  him  and  grasped  him  before  he  could  quite  reach 


176  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

his  musket  which  he  had  kept  ready  expecting  such  a  visit. 
Tilton  dragged  him  to  the  door  and  pummelled  him  to 
his  heart's  content;  telling  him,  "You  scoundrel,  you 
tried  to  kill  me  once,  and  I  mean  now  to  settle  with  you 
for  it.  I  want  you  now  to  leave  here  and  follow  the  rest 
of  the  refugees."  (Most  of  the  refugees  had  then  gone 
to  Nova  Scotia). 

Two  unarmed  members  of  this  militia  company  of 
Mannahawkin  one  time  captured  three  refugees  each 
armed  with  muskets!  The  following  were  the  circum- 
stances :  Seth  Crane  and  David  Johnson  had  been  fishing; 
as  their  boat  lay  alongside  of  the  meadows  on  their  re- 
turn, the  three  refugees  came  down  to  the  boat  and  the 
leader  leaning  his  musket  against  the  side  of  the  boat 
stepped  aboard  and  went  aft  and  picked  out  a  lot  of  the 
finest  fish  and  said  he  meant  to  have  them.  Crane  told 
him  he  couldn't  without  paying  for  them  ;  the  refugee 
said  he  would  take  them  by  force.  Crane,  quick  as  a 
flash,  picked  up  an  eel  spear  and  held  it  over  him,  told 
him  to  drop  the  fish  or  he  would  run  it  in  him.  Seeing 
a  serious  fight  now  before  them,  Johnson  who  stood  on 
the  meadows  by  the  other  two  tories  instantly  knocked 
one  of  them  with  his  powerful  fist  into  the  salt  pond, 
musket  and  all,  then  grasped  the  musket  leaning  against 
the  boat,  brought  it  to  bear  upon  the  other  who  was  so 
startled  by  the  unexpected  turn  of  affairs  that  he  had 
started  to  run  and  told  him  to  drop  his  musket  instantly, 
or  he  would  shoot ;  the  terrified  man  did  as  ordered. 
Johnson  and  Crane  then  took  the  muskets ;  the  refugees 
were  let  go  with  a  reasonable  warning  against  again  at- 
tempting to  steal  fish. 

The  notorious  John  Bacon,  the  refugee  leader,  had 
before  the  war  worked  a  year  or  so  in  the  Crane  family 
as  a  farm  laborer. 

It  is  said  that  on  another  evening  a  prominent  Wing 
named  Silas  Crane,  of  the  same  family  as  Seth,  Mas  severe- 
ly wounded  at  his  own  house.  It  being  warm  weather, 
the  front  door  was  open  and  also  a  window  on  the  op- 
posite side  of  the  room  by  which  Crane  sat.     Happening 


MANNAHAWKIN    IN    THE    REVOLUTION.  177 

to  look  <>ut  of  the  door  he  got  a  glimpse  of  two  <>r  three 
men  with  muskets,  &c,  and  knowing  the  refugees  had 
threatened  him,  he  sprang  out  the  window ;  as  he  jumped 
he  was  fired  upon  and  though  severely  wounded  in  the 
thigh  managed  to  escape.  Captain  Randolph  himself  at 
one  time  was  surprised,  taken  prisoner  and  taken  to  a 
swamp  and  tied  to  a  tree,  Imt  managed  to  escape.  He 
and  li is  brave  comrades  just  previous  to  the  battle  of 
Monmouth,  marched  on  foot,  though  the  weather  was 
most  intensely  hot,  to  join  Washington's  force,  but  were 
unexpectedly  prevented  from  joining  him  in  season  ;  tra- 
ditionary accounts  fail  to  give  a  reason  for  their  going  so 
near  yet  not  actually  participating,  yet  the  history  of 
that  battle  and  Washington's  disposition  of  his  forces 
satisfactorily  accounts  for  it.  Washington  had  stationed 
General  Morgan  at  Sliumar's  Mills  with  positive  orders 
not  to  move  until  he  should  again  hear  from  him,  and 
through  that  ever  memorable  day  Morgan  was  compelled 
to  listen  to  the  distant  tiring  and  burned  with  impatience 
for  orders  to  join,  but  the  orders  did  not  come.  The 
Mannahawkin  militia  when  they  got  to  Sliumar's  Mills 
would  most  probably  be  placed  under  Morgan's  com- 
mand and  this  would  account  for  their  not  participating. 
The  goodly  village  of  Mannahawkin  is  fertile  in  in- 
teresting local  reminiscences.  The  name  of  Mannahawkin 
is  an  Indian  word  signifying  "good  corn  land;"  its  his- 
tory shows  it  could  also  boast  of  its  good  men.  In  the 
company  which  lately  left  that  village  for  the  seat  of  war 
it  is  gratifying  as  well  as  significant  to  see  among  them 
so  many  descendants  of  active  heroes  of  the  revolution ; 
it  proves  them  worthy  sons  of  noble  sires. 

A    PATRIOT    WOUNDED  ;     ANOTHER    CAPTURED  —  THE     MANNA- 
HAWKIN  MILITIA,    AND   THE   BATTLE   OF   MONMOUTH. 

Another  account  says  that  one  warm  summer  even- 
ing during  the  war  there  had  been  religious  services  at 
the  church  at  Mannahawken.  After  services  the  minister 
went  home  with  one  of  the  Cranes  (Silas  Crane,  we  think 
it  was,)  when  the  minister  and  Crane  sat  conversing  until 


ITS         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

late  in  the  evening.  The  front  door  was  open,  and  also 
a  window  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  room,  by  which 
Crane  sat.  At  length,  happening  to  look  at  the  front 
door,  Crane  got  the  glimpse  of  two  or  three  men  with 
muskets,  and  knowing  the  Refugees  had  threatened  his 
life,  he  sprang  through  the  back  window.  As  he  jumped 
he  was  fired  upon,  and  though  severely  wounded  in  the 
thigh  he  managed  to  escape. 

The  notorious  Refugee  leader,  John  Bacon,  it  is  said, 
worked  as  a  farm  laborer,  a  year  or  two  for  the  Crane 
family,  before  the  war. 

Captain  Randolph  and  his  heroic  militia,  just  pre- 
vious to  the  battle  of  Monmouth,  marched  on  foot, 
though  the  weather  was  intensely  hot,  to  join  Washing- 
ton's forces  beyond  Freehold,  but  were  unexpectedly 
prevented  from  engaging  in  the  battle.  Tradition  fails 
to  give  a  reason  why  they  went  so  near  and  yet  did  not 
participate,  but  the  history  of  the  battle  and  of  Wash- 
ington's disposition  of  his  forces  sufficiently  explain  it. 
Washington  had  stationed  General  Morgan  at  Shumar's 
Mill's  (near  Blue  Ball),  with  positive  instructions  not  to 
move  until  he  should  receive  orders,  and  through  that 
memorable  battle  Morgan  was  compelled  to  listen  all 
day  to  the  distant  firing,  chafing  with  impatience  for 
orders  to  join,  but  orders  failed  to  come.  The  Manna- 
hawkin  militia,  when  they  got  to  Shumar's  Mills,  were 
probably  placed  under  Morgan's  command,  and  this 
would  account  for  their  not  participating  in  the  battle. 

During  the  war  Captain  Randolph  was  one  night 
surprised  in  bed  at  home  by  Refugees,  taken  prisoner 
and  carried  to  a  swamp  and  tied  to  a  tree,  but  managed 
to  escape.  At  another  time  the  Refugees  surrounded 
and  searched  his  honse  while  he  was  in  it,  but  his  wife 
successfully  concealed  him  under  feathers  in  a  cask. 

WILLIAM    GIBERSON,    THE    REFUGEE,    AND   THE     MANNAHAWKIN 

MILITIA. 

During  the  war  the  Refugee  leaders  appear  to  have 
had  our  shore  divided  into  districts.  Davenport  and  his 
men  had  Dover  township  for  their  "stamping"  ground; 


ttANNAHAWKIN    IN    THE    REVOLUTION.  179 

Bacon  from  Cedar  Creek  to  Parkertown,  below  Wesi 
Creek  ;  around  Tuckerton  and  below  it  Joe  Mulliner  and 
Giberson,  Erom  their  headquarters  at  the  forks  of  the 
Mullica  river,  sallied  forth  on  their  predatory  excursions. 
These  men  do  not  appear  to  have  left  their  respective 
districts  except  to  aid  their  confederates. 

One  time  Bill  Giberson  (as  he  was  usually  called) 
with  a  part  of  his  band,  suddenly  appeared  at  Tuckerton, 
and  thinking  they  were  safe,,  went  to  Daniel  Falkin- 
burgh's  tavern  (where  Dr.  Page's  house  now  is)  and  de- 
termined to  have  a  good  time.  They  began  by  making 
night  hideous  with  their  bacchanalian  revels.  Some  of 
the  villagers  at  once  sent  word  to  the  Mannahawkin 
militia,  and  Sylvester  Tilton  and  three  or  four  more 
started  in  a  farm  wagon  to  attempt  to  capture  or  dis- 
perse the  outlaws.  Giberson  was  informed  by  a  Tory 
that  the  militia  had  been  sent  for,  and  so  he  retreated 
towards  the  landing,  to  a  good  position  near  his  boats, 
and  when  the  militia  arrived  he  poured  into  their  ranks 
such  a  volley  that  they  were  compelled  to  retreat,  as  they 
found  the  Refugees  were  in  greater  force  than  had  been 
represented. 

The  militia  jumped  into  their  wagon  and  drove  back, 
followed  by  Giberson  and  his  men,  who  pursued  them  to 
West  Cieek  bridge,  where  the  Refugees  halted.  This 
little  affair  was  about  the  only  one  during  the  war  that 
gave  the  Refugees  a  chance  to  boast,  and  so  they  often 
related  the  story  with  great  glee  and  much  exaggeration. 
But  after  all,  there  was  but  little  to  brag  about,  in  a 
strong  force  causing  the  weak  one  to  retreat.  As  the 
militia  were  driving  over  West  Creek  crossing  a  mishap 
occurred  to  the  wagon-tongue — one  end  dropping  down, 
which  checked  them  long  enough  to  allow  the  Refugees 
to  fire  again,  but  fortunately  without  effect. 

Giberson  was  wounded  by  the  patriots  during  the 
Avar,  and  the  particulars  are  thus  given  in  Mickle's 
Reminiscences  of  Camden : 

"  Captain  John  Davis  was  sent  with  a  company  of 
men  to  Egg  Harbor.     Here   his   lieutenants,  Benjamin 


180         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AM)   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Bates  and  Richard  Howell,  were  informed  that  the  Refu- 
gee officers  were  concealed  in  a  certain  house.  They 
called  early  in  the  morning  and  found  and  captured 
William  Gibersou  aud  Henry  Lane,  both  Refugee  lieu- 
tenants, the  former  a  notorious  rascal,  who  had  commit- 
ted many  outrages  and  killed  one  or  two  Americans  in 
cold  blood.  On  their  way  to  the  quarters  of  Davis' 
company,  Gibersou  called  Bates'  attention  to  something 
he  pretended  to  see  at  a  distance,  and  while  Bates  was 
looking  that  way,  Gibersou  started  and  ran  the  other 
way,  and  being  a  fast  runner,  made  his  escape,  although 
Bates  fired  his  musket.  The  next  day  Bates  went  to 
hunt  for  him  at  the  same  house,  and  while  opening  the 
door  heard  the  click  of  a  musket-lock  behind  a  large  tree 
within  a  few  feet  of  him,  and  turning  around  saw  Giber- 
son  taking  aim  at  him.  Bates  dropped  on  his  kuees,  and 
the  ball  went  through  the  rim  of  his  hat.  Gibersou  then 
started  to  run,  but  before  he  got  many  rods  Bates  gave 
him  a  load  of  buckshot,  which  broke  his  leg.  Gibersou 
was  then  well  guarded  and  taken  to  Burlington  jail, 
whence  he  finally  escaped  to  New  York." 

Tradition  says  that  Gibersou  escaped  from  Burling- 
ton jail  by  assistance  of  his  sister.  She  obtained  per- 
mission to  visit  him,  and  while  in  the  cell  exchanged 
clothes  with  him.  So  strikmgly  did  they  resemble  each 
other  that  when  he  came  out  of  the  cell  the  jailor  thought 
it  was  the  sister,  and  actually  helped  him  in  the  wagon 
and  thus  he  escaped. 

Mickle  corroborates  the  Stafford  and  Egg  Harbor 
traditions  iu  regard  to  the  marvelous  strength  and 
activity  of  Gibersou  and  his  sister.  It  is  said  that  "  at  a 
hop,  skip  and  jump  he  could  clear  an  ordinary  Egg  Har- 
bor wagon,"  and  was  fleet-footed  as  an  Indian  ;  and  that 
his  sister  could  staud  in  one  hogshead,  and  without 
touching  her  hands,  would  jump  iuto  another  by  its  side. 

After  the  war  Giberson's  sister,  it  is  probable,  re- 
moved to  Salem  county,  as  traditions  there  speak  of  a 
woman  named  Gibersou  who  could  perform  the  feat  of 
leaping  from  one  hogshead  into  another.     Gibersou  him- 


M  \\\ AHWYKIN    IN    THE    REVOLUTION.  L81 

Belf  went  to  Nova  Scotia,  with  other  Refuses,  about 
ITS:!,  Imt  after  a  few  years  he  returned  to  Atlantic  county, 
where  be  settled  down  to  a  peaceful  life. 

Mrs.  Leah  Blackmail  says  the  house  where  Giberson 
sought  refuge,  when  Hates  was  seeking  him,  was  on  a 
small  lot  below  Tuckerton,  between  the  farms  of  James 
Downs  and  Dr.  T.  T.  Price,  and  that  he  had  a  rude  hut 
in  the  centre  of  a  thicket,  called  Oak  Swamp,  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Down  Shore.  This  hut  was  composed 
of  branches  of  trees,  leaves  and  moss,  and  called  "  Giber- 
son's  Nest."  She  says  he  was  wounded  by  a  hickory 
tree  near  Downs'  farm,  and  this  tree  was  frequently 
pointed  out  to  her. 

WHALE  FISHEKY. 


A  license  to  engage  in  whale  fishery  was  granted 
February  14,  1678,  to  Joseph  Huet,  Thomas  Ingram, 
Richard  Davis,  Isaac  Benit,  Randal  Huet,  Thomas  Huet, 
Henry  Leonard,  Thomas  Leonard,  John  Whitlock,  John 
Crafford  (Cranford),  Thomas  Applegate  and  Charles 
Dennis,  "  twelve  persons  or  more,"  they  having  made 
proposals  to  undertake  the  fishing  trade.  The}T  were 
licensed  to  take  whales  or  like  great  fish  between  Barne- 
gat  and  the  eastern  part  of  the  Province,  and  to  pay  for 
the  privilege  one-twentieth  of  the  oil. 


182         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

EXECUTION  OF  A  SPY. 


One  affair  which  caused  the  most  intense  excitement 
throughout  old  Monmouth,  and  elsewhere  during  the  war 
of  the  Revolution,  was  the  arrest,  trial  and  execution  of  a 
young  man  named  Stephen  Edwards,  on  the  charge  of 
being  a  spy  for  the  British.  Though  reference  to  it  is 
rarely  met  with  in  our  histories,  yet  there  were  but  few 
events  in  the  county  during  the  Revolution,  that  created 
a  greater  sensation  than  did  this. 

One  of  the  officers  who  tried  Edwards,  and  assisted 
at  his  execution,  was  Captain  Joshua  Huddy,  and  this 
furnished  one  of  the  excuses  the  refugees  gave  for  his  in- 
human murder  near  the  Highlands  some  three  years  after. 
On  the  trial  of  the  refugee  leader,  Captain  Richard  Lip- 
pencott,  by  a  British  Court  Martial  at  New  York,  in  the 
Summer  of  1782,  for  his  participation  in  the  hanging  of 
Huddy,  refugee  witnesses  testified  that  even  while  Huddy 
was  a  prisoner  in  their  hands,  and  but  a  few  days  before 
his  death,  he  boldly  acknowledged  his  participation,  and 
justified  it  on  the  ground  that  he  was  found  with  treason- 
able papers  in  his  possession,  which  conclusively  proved 
him  to  be  a  spy. 

The  following  account  of  Stephen  Edwards  arrest, 
trial  and  execution,  from  "Howe's  Collections"  is  believed 
to  be  substantially  correct  : 

Stephen  Edwards,  a  young  man,  in  the  latter  part  of 
the  war,  left  his  home  in  Shrewsbury  and  joined  the 
lovalists  (refugees)  in  New  York.  From  thence  he  was 
sent  by  Colonel  Taylor  of  the  refugees,  a  former  resident 
of  Middletown,  back  to  Monmouth  county,  with  written 
instructions  to  ascertain  the  force1  of  the  Americans  there. 
Information  having  been  conveyed  to  the  latter,  Captain 
Jonathan  Forman  of  the  cavalry,  was  Ordered  to  search 
for  him.  Suspecting  he  might  be  at  his  father's  resirl 
half  a  mile  below  Eatontown,  he  entered  at  midnight 
with  a  party  or  men,  and  found  him  in  bed  with  his  wife, 
disguised  in  the  night  cap  of  a  female. 

"Who  have  you  here  ?  "  said  Forman. 


.   \l TAIN    J0SH1   \    BUDDY.  L83 

"A  laboring  woman,"  replied  Mrs.  Edwards. 

The  captain  detected  the  disguise,  and  on  Looking 
under  the  bed,  saw  Edwards'  clothing,  which  he  ex- 
amined, and  in  which  he  found  the  papers  given  him  by 
Colonel  Taylor. 

Be  then  said,  "Edwards,  1  am  sorry  to^find  you! 
You  sec  these  papers?  You  have  brought  yourself  into 
a  very  disagreeable  situation — you  know  the  fate  of 
spies  ! " 

Edwards  denied  the  allegation,  remarking  that  lie 
was  not  such  and  could  not  so  bo  considered. 

This  occurred  on  Saturday  night.  The  prisoner  was 
taken  to  the  Court  House,  tried  by  a  Court  Martial  next 
day,  and  executed  at  10  o'clock  on  Monday  morning. 
Edwards'  father  and  mother  had  come  up  that  morning 
t«>  ascertain  the  fate  of  their  sou,  and  returned  with  the 
corpse,  lid  wards  was  an  amiable  young  man.  The  For- 
nian  and  Edwards  families  had  been  on  terms  of  inti- 
mate friendship,  and  the  agency  of  the  members  of  the 
former  in  the  transaction,  excited  their  deepest  sympa- 
thies for  the  fate  of  the  unfortunate  prisoner. 

The  guilt  of  Edwards  was  conclusively  proven;  deep 
sympathy  was  felt  for  his  parents  and  wife,  but  the  perils 
of  the  patriots  at  this  time  were  so  great  that  prompt 
and  decisive  action  was  necessary  for  their  own  preser- 
vation. 

The  foolhardiness  of  Edwards  iu  keeping  treason- 
able papers  about  him  was  remarkable.  Some  features 
of  this  affair  will  remind  the  reader  of  the  unfortunate 
Major  Andre.  It  is  probable  that  Edwards  was  executed 
about  September,  177M. 

CAPTAIN   JOSHUA   HVDDY, 


THE    HERO    OF   TOMS   RIVER. 

Among  the  multitude,  of  heroic  men  furnished  by 
our  State  in  aid  of  the  struggle  for  independence,  the 
name  of  Captain  Joshua  Huddy  should  ever  occupy  a 
conspicuous   place   in   the  memory  of  Jerseymen.     YTet 


184  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

•when  we  recall  his  daring  deeds,  his  patriotic  efforts  and 
sacrifices,  and  his  unfortunate  end,  it  is  doubtful  if  less 
justice  has  been  done  to  the  services  and  memory  of  any- 
other  hero  of  his  day.  Though  the  Continental  Congress, 
as  well  as  General  Washington  and  other  noted  men  tes- 
tified their  warm  appreciation  of  his  services;  though 
his  name  at  one  time  was  a  household  word,  not  only 
throughout  this  country  but  at  the  courts  of  England  and 
France ;  and  though  his  unfortunate  death  and  its  con- 
sequences, for  a  time  caused  the  most  intense  excite- 
ment on  both  sides  of  the  Atlantic,  yet  in  the  substance 
of  the  language  of  a  report  adopted  by  Congress  in  1837, 
"It  is  fearful  to  state  that  after  a  lapse  of  fifty  years, 
while  the  services  of  others  of  so  much  less  merit  have 
been  made  the  theme  of  the  biographer  and  the  poet, 
the  memory  of  Huddy  has  not  been  honored  with  an 
epitaph.  His  country,  it  would  seem,  has  outlived  the  re- 
collection of  his  services,  and  forgotten  that  such  a  vic- 
tim was  sacrificed  for  American  liberty." 

OUTLINE   OF   CAPTAIN   HUDDY'S   LIFE. 

The  following  extracts  from  the  archives  of  the  State 
Department  of  New  Jersey,  were  furnished  in  1837  to  a 
Congressional  committee  at  tha  request  of  the  chairman, 
by  the  late  Governor  Philemon  Dickenson : 

"Captain  Joshua  Huddy  is  appointed  by  an  act  of  the 
Legislature,  passed  Sept.  24,  1777,  to  the  command  of  a 
company  of  artillery,  to  be  raised  from  the  militia  of  the 
State,  and  to  continue  in  service  not  exceeding  one  year. 

"In  the  accounts  of  the  paymaster  of  militia  there 
is  an  entry  of  a  payment  made  on  the  30th  of  July,  1778, 
to  Captain  Joshua  Huddy,  of  the  artillery  regiment  for 
services  at  Haddonfield,  under  Colonel  Holmes.  In  the 
same  accounts  a  payment  is  also  made  to  Captain  Huddy 
on  the  1st  of  July,  1779,  for  the  use  of  his  horses  in  the 
artillery." 

Captain  Huddy,  with  other  prisoners,  was  taken  to 
New  York  and  lodged  in  the  noted  Sugar  House  prison, 
from  whence  he  was  taken  on  Monday,  April  1st,  1782, 
to   the  prison  of  the  Provost  Guard  in  New  Nork,  where 


CAPTAIN    JOSHUA    BUDDY.  L85 

he  «as  closely  confined  until  Monday,  April  8th,  when  he, 
with  Daniel  Randolph  and  Jacob  Fleming  (both  of  whom 
were  taken  prisoners  with  Huddy  at  Toms  River,  but 
soon  exchanged  for  two  tories,  named  Captain  Clayton 
TiltoD  and  Aaron  White),  were  taken  on  board  a  sloop 
and  in medL 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  order  to  the  Commis- 
sary of  Prison  at  New  York,  to  deliver  him  to  the  care  of 
Captain  Richard  Lippencott,  of  tlie  Refugees,  to  be  taken 
on  board  the  sloop  : 

New  York.  April  7th.  1782. 

Sn: : — Deliver  to  Captain  Richard  Lippencott  the 
three  following  prisoners:  Lieutenant  Joshua  Huddy, 
Daniel  Randolph  and  Jacob  Fleming,  to  take  down  to  the 
H<x>k.  to  procure  the  exchange  of  Captain  Clayton  Tilton 
and  two  other  associated  Loyalists. 

By  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Associated 
Loyalists. 

8.  S.  Blowers,  Secretary. 
To  Mr.  Commissary  Challoner. 

Huddy,  Randolph  and  Fleming  were  kept  in  irons 
in  the  hold  of  the  sloop,  until  Tuesday  evening,  April 
9th,  when  they  were  transferred  to  the  guard  ship  at 
Sandy  Hook.  The  ship  was  the  British  man-of-war  Bri- 
tannia. Captain  Morris.  Early  on  the  12th  Lippencott  came 
on  board  the  ship  for  Huddy  and  showed  Captain  M<  >rris 
two  papers,  one  being  a  label  which  was  afterward  fas- 
tened to  Huddy's  breast.  Captain  Morris  asked  Lippen- 
cott what  he  intended  to  do  with  Huddy.  Lippencott 
replied  that  he  intended  to  put  in  execution  the  orders 
of  the  Board  of  Associated  Loyalists  of  New  York,  which* 
was  to  hang  Huddy.  He  borrowed  a  rope  from  Captain 
Morris,  and  then  proceeded  on  his  infamous  mission. 
Huddy  was  then  taken  ashore  at  the  Highlands  where  a 
gallows  was  erected  from  three  rails  and  a  barrel  placed 
under  it  from  which  he  was  launched  into  eternity.  The 
•  label  attached  to  his  breast  had  the  following  inscrip- 
tion : 

"  We,  the  refugees,  having  long  beheld  with  grief  the 
cruel  murders  of  our  brethren,  and  rinding  nothing  but 
such  measures  daily  carrying  into  execution  ;  we  there- 


186  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

fore  determine  not  to  suffer  without  taking  vengeance 
for  the  numerous  cruelties,  and  thus  begin,  having  made 
use  of  Captain  Huddy  as  the  first  object  to  present  to 
your  view,  and  determine  to  hang  man  for  man  while 
there  is  a  refugee  existing. 

IT    GOES    HUDDDY    FOR    PHIL.    WHITE." 

Captain  Huddy  executed  his  will  under  the  gallows, 
signing  it  on  the  barrel  from  which  he  was  a  few  moments 
afterward  launched  into  another  world. 

CAPTAIN    HUDDY'S    WILL. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  will  of  Captain  Hud- 
dy, signed  by  him  under  the  gallows : 

"In  the  name  of  God,  amen  ;  I,  Joshua  Huddy,  of 
Middletown,  in  the  county  of  Monmouth,  being  of  sound 
mind  and  memory,  but  expecting  shortly  to  depart  this 
life,  do  declare  this  my  last  will  and  testament  : 

"First:  I  commit  my  soul  into  the  hands  of  Almighty 
God,  hoping  he  may  receive  it  in  mercy  ;  and  next  I  com- 
mit my  body  to  the  earth.  I  do  also  appoint  my  trusty 
friend,  Samuel  Forman,  to  be  my  lawful  executor,  and 
after  all  my  just  debts  are  paid,  I  desire  that  he  do  di- 
vide the  rest  of  my  substance  whether  by  book  debts. 
notes  or  any  effects  whatever  belonging  to  me,  equally 
between  my  two  children,  Elizabeth  and  Martha  Huddy. 

"  In  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunto  signed  my 
name  this  twelfth  day  of  April,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty  two. 

"Joshua  Huddy." 

The  will  was  written  on  half  a  sheet  of  foolcap  paper, 
on  the  back  of  which  was  the  following  endorsement, 
evidently  written  shortly  after  the  will  was  executed  : 
*  "  The  will  of  Captain  Joshua  Huddy,  made  and  ex- 
ecuted the  same  day  the  refugees  murdered  him,  April 
12th,  1782." 

The  will  was  found  some  years  ago  among  the  pa- 
pers of  his  executor,  the  late  Colonel  Samuel  Forman  and 
subsequently  came  into  the  possession  of  Judge  Benning- 
ton F.  Randolph,  who  deposited  it  in  the  library  of  the 
New  Jersey  Historical  Society.  It  was  signed  by  Capt- 
Huddy,  but  was  apparently  written  by  another  person. 
The  daughters  named  in  the  will  subsequently  became 
Elizabeth    Green    and    Martha    Piatt.     The    last  named 


CAPTAIN    JOSHUA    BUDDY.  187 

moved  to  Cincinnati  where  she  lived  to  an  advanced  age. 
"Timothy  Brooks,  a  refugee,  who  was  one  of  Lippen- 

cott's  party,  testified  in  New  York  before  a  Board  of  In- 
quiry, that  Huddy  was  executed  by  a  negro  and  that  Lip- 
pencott  shook  hands  with  Huddy  as  the  latter  was  stand- 
Lag  on  the  barrel  by  Huddy's  request. 

After  his  inhuman  murder  his  body  was  left  hang- 
ing until  afternoon,  when  the  Americans  came  and  took 
it  to  Freehold,  to  the  house  of  Captain  James  Greene, 
where  it  was,  April  15th.  He  was  buried  with  the  honors 
of  war.  His  funeral  sermon  was  preached  by  the  well 
remembered  Rev.  Dr.  John  Woodhull,  pastor  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church,  Freehold. 

The  execution  of  Huddy  was  regarded  by  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief as  a  matter  of  such  high  import  that,  in 
anticipation  of  the  action  of  Congress  upon  his  letter,  he 
had  directed  that  the  general  officers  of  the  army,  and 
the  officers  commanding  brigades  and  regiments,  should 
assemble  at  West  Point  and  decide  on  what  measures 
should  be  adopted.  On  the  19th  day  of  April  the  meet- 
ing was  held  at  the  quarters  of  General  Heath,  when  the 
following  questions  propounded  by  Washington  were 
stated  : 

"  Shall  there  be  retaliation  for  the  murder  of 
Huddy?" 

"  On  whom  shall  it  be  inflicted  ?" 

"How  shall  the  victim  be  designated?" 

General  Heath  in  his  memoirs  describes  the  de- 
liberations of  the  officers  as  independent  of  each  other; 
no  conversation  was  permitted  between  them  on  the 
question  submitted,  but  each  one  was  to  write  his  own 
opinion,  seal  it  up,  and  address  it  to  the  Commander-in- 
Chief.  By  this  process  it  was  found  the  decision  was 
unanimous  that  retaliation  should  take  place  ;  that  it 
should  be  inflicted  on  an  officer  of  equal  rank ;  and  the 
designation  should  be  made  by  lot  from  among  the 
prisoners  of  war  who  had  surrendered  at  discretion,  and 
not  under  convention  or  capitulation. 

This    decision  was    approved    by  Washington,  who 


188         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

gave  immediate  information  of  his  intention  to  retaliate, 
to  the  British  Commander,  unless  the  perpetrator  of  the 
bloody  deed  should  be  given  up  for  execution. 

Baron  de  Grimm,  in  his  celebrated  Memoirs,  states, 
without  any  qualifications,  that  George  III  gave  orders 
"  that  the  author  of  a  crime  which  dishonored  the  English 
nation,  should  he  given  up  for  punishment"  but  he  was 
not  obeyed.  It  is  highly  probable  that  this  statement  is 
true ;  the  writer  recorded  it  in  1775,  and  from  the  advan- 
tageous position  he  occupied,  must  be  presumed  to  have 
known  the  fact.     (Vol.  iv.,  p.  272.) 

The  people  of  New  Jersey  were  exasperated  bej'ond 
measure  at  the  bloody  catastrophe  ;  but  when  it  was 
ascertained  that  the  murderer  would  not  be  surrendered 
or  punished,  their  indignation  prompted  the  bold  attempt 
to  seize  the  miscreant  by  force.  To  effect  this  purpose, 
Captain  Adam  Hyler,  of  New  Brunswick,  having  ascer- 
tained that  Lippencott  resided  in  Broad  street,  New 
York,  with  a  crew  disguised  as  a  British  press  gang,  left 
the  Kills  at  dark  in  a  single  boat,  and  arrived  at  White- 
hall about  nine  o'clock.  Here  he  left  the  boat  in  charge 
of  a  few  men,  and  passed  directly  to  Lippencott's  house, 
where,  on  inquiry,  it  was  ascertained  he  had  gone  to 
Cock  Pit.  (Naval  Magazine,  November,  1839.)  The  ex- 
pedition of  course  failed  ;  but  the  promptness  with  which 
it  was  conducted  proves  the  devotion  of  the  brave  men 
who  were  engaged  in  the  common  cause,  and  their  exe- 
cration of  Huddy's  assassin. 

The  demand  for  Lippencott  having  been  refused, 
General  Washington,  on  the  4th  of  May,  directed  Briga- 
dier-General Hogan  to  designate  by  lot,  from  among  the 
prisoners  at  either  of  the  posts  in  Pennsylvania  or  Mary- 
land, a  British  Captain  who  had  been  unconditionally 
surrendered.  As  it  was  ascertained  that  no  such  officer 
was  in  his  power,  a  second  order  was  issued  on  the  13th 
of  May,  extending  the  selection  to  the  officers  who  had 
been  made  prisoners  by  convention  or  capitulation. 
Under  this  last  dispatch,  the   British   Captains  who  had 


CAPTAIN    JOSHUA    BUDDY.  189 

been  captured  at  Yorktown  were  assembled  at  Lancaster, 
Pennsylvania,  and  the  lot  fell  upon  Captain  Asgill. 

Charles  Asgill  was  a  Captain  of  the  guards,  of  a 
noble  family,  and  at  the  time  he  was  designated  to  suffer, 
but  nineteen  years  of  age.  He  was  captured  at  York- 
town,  confined  during  the  winter  of  1781-82  at  Winches- 
ter, in  Virginia,  and  had  been  removed  but  a  short  time 
to  York,  Pennsylvania,  when  the  lot  was  cast  against 
him. 

Captain  Asgill  was  conducted  to  Philadelphia,  and 
from  thence  was  removed  to  Chatham.  He  was  accom- 
panied by  his  friend,  Major  Gordon,  who  attended  him 
with  the  devotion  of  a  parent  to  a  child. 

In  the  meanwhile  the  execution  was  suspended,  but 
every  effort  was  exerted,  every  plan  that  ingenuity  could 
devise  or  sympathy  suggest  adopted  to  save  the  innocent 
sufferer.  Major  Gordon  appealed  to  the  French  Minister, 
then  in  Philadelphia  ;  he  wrote  to  the  Count  de  Rochem- 
beau,  and  despatched  messengers  to  numerous  influential 
Whigs  throughout  the  Colonies  to  interest  them  in  be- 
half of  his  friend  ;  and  so  eloquent  and  importunate  were 
his  appeals,  that  it  is  said  by  General  Graham,  "  that 
even  the  family  of  Captain  Huddy  became  themselves 
suppliants  in  Asgill's  favor."  These  untiring  exertions 
unquestionably  contributed  to  postpone  the  fate  of  the 
victim  until  the  final  and  successful  intercession  of  the 
French  Court  obtained  his  release. 

When  Lady  Asgill  heard  of  the  peril  which  im- 
pended over  her  son,  her  husband  was  exhausted  by  dis- 
ease, and  while  the  effect  of  the  intelligence  was  pent 
powerfully  up  in  her  mind,  it  produced  delirium  in  that 
of  her  daughter.  Under  all  these  embarrassments  she 
applied  to  King  George  the  III.,  who,  it  is  said,  ordered 
the  cause  of  this  measure  of  retaliation,  the  wretched 
Lippencott,  to  be  delivered  up,  which  Clinton  contrived 
to  avoid.  She  did  not  cease  her  importunities  until  she 
had  dictated  a  most  eloquent  and  impassioned  appeal  to 
the  Count  de  Vergennes,  who  laid  it  before  the  King  and 
Queen  of  France,  and  was  immediately  directed  to  com- 


190         HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

municate  with  General  Washington  and  implore  the  re- 
Lease  of  the  sufferer.  A  letter,  says  the  Baron  tie  Grimm, 
••  tlif  eloquence  of  which,  independent  of  oratorical 
forms,  is  that  of  all  people,  and  all  languages,  because  it 
derives  its  power  from  the  first  and  noblest  sentiment  of 
our  nature." 

For  seven  months  the  fate  of  this  interesting  young 
officer  remained  suspended,  when,  chiefly  through  the 
intercession  of  the  French  Court,  he  was  set  at  liberty. 
The  following  are  the  proceedings  of  Congress  directing 
his  discharge  : 

Thursday,  November  7,  1782. 

On  the  report  of  the  Committee,  consisting  of  Mr. 
Rutledge,  Mr.  Osgood,  Mr.  Montgomery,  Mr.  Boudiuot, 
and  Mr.  Duane,  to  whom  was  referred  the  letter  of  the 
19th  of  August  last,  from  the  Commander-in-Chief,  the 
report  of  a  committee  thereon,  and  the  motives  of  Mr. 
Williamson  and  Mr.  Eutledge  ;  and  also,  another  letter 
from  the  Commander-in-Chief,  with  a  copy  of  a  Letter  to 
him  from  the  Count  de  Vergennss,  dated  July  29bh  last. 
interceding  for  Captain  Asgill : 

Resolved,  That  the  Commander-in-Chief  be,  and  he 
hereby  is  directed,  to  set  Captain  Asgill  at  liberty. 

A  copy  of  the  foregoing  proceedings  and  resolution 
was  forwarded  by  General  Washington  to  Captain  Asgill, 
together  with  a  letter,  given  below,  which  exhibits  the 
moral  excellence,  the  great  and  commanding  attributes 
that  always  distinguished  the  Father  of  his  Country. 
"The  decision  of  General  Washington  in  this  delicate 
affair,  the  deep  interest  felt  by  the  American  people  for 
the  youthful  sufferer,  the  pathetic  app  >als  of  Lady  Asgill 
to  the  Count  de  Yt-rgennes  in  behalf  of  her  son  (in  the 
language  of  Congress  in  1837),  forms  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant and  instructive  portions  of  revolutionary  his- 
tory. 

GENERAL   WASHINGTON   TO   CAPTAIN   ASOILL. 

Sir: — It  affords  me  singular  satisfaction  to  have  it 
in  my  power  to  transmit  to  you  the  enclosed  copy  of  an 
act  of  Congress  of  the  7th  insi,  by  which  you  are  relieved 


TOMS    RIVER   DURING    THE    REVOLUTION.  191 

from  the  disagreeable  circumstances  in  which  you  have 
been  so  long.  Supposing  that  you  would  wish  to  go  to 
New  York  us  soon  as  possible,  I  also  enclose  a  passporl 
for  that  purpose.  Four  letter  of  the  18th  came  regularly 
to  my  hands.  I  beg  of  you  to  believe  that  my  not  answer- 
ing it  sooner  did  not  proceed  from  inattention  to  you,  or  a 
want  of  feeling  for  your  situation;  but  I  daily  expected 
a  determination  of  your  case,  and  I  thought  it  better  to 
await  that  than  to  feed  you  with  hopes  that  might  in  the 
end  prove  fruitless.  You  will  attribute  my  detention  of 
the  enclosed  letters,  which  have  been  in  my  possession 
a  fortnight,  to  the  same  cause.  I  cannot  take  leave  of 
you,  sir,  without  assuring  you  that,  in  whatever  light  my 
agency  in  this  unpleasant  affair  may  be  viewed,  I  was 
never  influenced  throughout  the  whole  of  it  by  san- 
guinary motives,  but  what  I  conceived  to  be  a  sense  of 
duty,  which  loudly  called  upon  me  to  use  measures,  how- 
ever disagreeable,  to  prevent  a  repetition  of  those 
enormities  which  have  been  the  subject  of  discussion ; 
and  that  this  important  end  is  likely  to  be  answered 
without  the  effusion  of  the  blood  of  an  innocent  person, 
is  not  a  greater  relief  to  you  than  it  is  to  me. 

Sir,  &c.  George  Washington. 

Immediately  after  this  letter  released  him,  Captain 
Asgill  prepared  himself  to  return  to  England,  and  in  a 
short  time  embarked.  The  second  letter  of  Lady  Asgill 
to  Count  de  Yergennes  contained  the  eloquent  outpour- 
ings of  a  grateful  heart. 

TOMS  RIYER  DURING  THE  REYOLUTION. 


During  the  Revolutionary  war,  Toms  River,  for  such 
a  small  village,  was  evidently  c^uite  a  busy,  lively  place, 
betsveen  the  militia,  the  Refugees  and  the  arrival  and 
departure  of  privateers  and  their  prizes ;  the  arrival  of 
boats  and  teams  with  salt  from  the  several  works  along 
the  bay;  the  departure  of  teams  for  West  Jersey  with 
salt,  oysters,  fish,  etc.,  and  their  return  with  merchandise  ; 
the  visits  of  business  men  from   different  parts  of  the 


192         HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

State  to  purchase  captured  vessels  or  their  cargoes,  and 
the  rafts  or  scows  from  the  sawmills  with  lumber  for  ves- 
sels to  carry  to  places  iu  the  State  when  they  could  run 
with  safety.  It  would  seem  also  that  sometimes  pleasure 
or  fishing  parties  from  other  places  visited  the  village,  as 
on  the  14th  of  May,  1780,  Major  John  Van  Emburgh,  of 
Middlesex  county,  and  eight  or  nine  men  came  to  Toms 
River  to  go  out  on  a  fishing  excursion,  but  they  were 
surprised  in  bed  by  the  Refugees  and  made  prisoners, 
and  put  on  board  of  a  vessel  to  be  sent  to  New  York. 
They  were  fortunate  enough,  however,  to  escape  a  few 
days  after. 

Near  Toms  River  bridge  were  buildings  owned  by 
men  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  salt.  They  were  used 
to  store  salt  from  the  various  works  along  the  bay,  and 
also  for  provisions  and  supplies  for  men  employed  in  the 
manufacture  and  transportation  of  this  article.  In  1777 
Colonel  John  Morris,  of  the  New  Jersey  Royal  Volun- 
teers, a  Refugee  organization,  was  sent  to  destroy  these 
buildings.  But  a  man  named  John  Williams  "  had 
placed  the  significant  letter  '  R '  on  them  by  order  of 
General  Skinner"  (says  Sabine,  in  his  History  of  Loyal- 
ists). General  Cortlandt  Skinner  was  in  the  British  ser- 
vice and  commander  of  a  brigade  of  about  eleven  hun- 
dred New  Jersey  Refugees,  or  Royalists,  as  they  called 
themselves.  No  explanation  is  given  of  what  was  meant 
by  "  the  significant  letter  R,"  but  the  inference  is  that 
some  of  the  owners  had  accepted  papers  guaranteeing 
British  protection,  which  were  given  by  John  Lawrence 
(of  Lawrence's  line  note),  and  perhaps  others,  to  all  who 
signed  a  pledge  not  to  aid  the  Americans,  but  to  adhere 
to  the  Crown.  The  partnership  business  in  some  of  the 
salt  works  above  Toms  River,  which  had  their  depot  in 
the  village,  seems  at  times  to  have  perplexed  armed  par- 
ties of  both  sides,  as  some  owners  were  known  active 
patriots,  and  others  sympathized  with  the  British.  A 
British  expedition  from  New  York  in  1778  destroyed 
works  at  the  head  of  the  bay,  which  were  owned  in  part 
by  Loyalists,  much  to  their  dissatisfaction  and  to  tho 
gratification  of  the  Americans. 


TOMS    RIVEB    DURING    THE    REVOLUTION.  L93 

The  soldiers  stationed    at  Toms    River   during  the 

war  were  mainly  twelve  months'  men,  but  probably  oc- 
casionally by  men  who  were  to  serve  Pour  months,  at  the 
expiration  of  which  time  they  could  be  relieved,  unless 
in  actual  service  against  the  enemy.     Among  the  officers 

who  were  stationed  here  were  Captains  Ephraim  Jenkins, 
.! aines  Mott,  John  Stout  and  Joshua  Huddy.  Captain 
Mott  had  command  of  a  company  called  the  Sixth  Com- 
pany of  Dover,  and  Captain  Stout,  of  the  Seventh  Com- 
pany of  Dover.  The  Fifth  Company  of  militia  was  com- 
manded by  Captain  Reuben  F.  Randolph,  of  Manna- 
hawkin.  The  commissions  of  some  of  these  men  are  in 
the  library  of  the  New  Jersey  Historical  Society. 

It  would  seem  that  a  number  of  soldiers  from  Penn- 
sylvania were  also  stationed  uot  far  from  the  village,  as 
the  Pennsylvania  State  Council,  November  2,  1776, 
ordered  that  an  officer  aud  twenty-five  men  be  sent  to 
Toms  River  to  guard  salt  works  erected  by  that  State, 
the  soldiers  to  take  twenty-five  spare  muskets,  two 
howitzers  and  a  sufficient  quantity  of  ammunition  for 
defence  in  case  of  attack.  On  the  8th  of  April,  1777,  the 
following  resolution  was  passed  by  the  Continental  Con- 
gress : 

"  Resolved,  That  it  be  recommended  to  the  Governor 
and  Council  of  Safety  of  New  Jersey  not  to  call  into  the 
field  such  part  of  their  militia,  not  exceeding  forty,  as 
are  necessarily  employed  in  the  salt  works  now  erecting 
in  their  State  by  the  Governor  of  Pennsylvania;  provided 
it  be  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  the  State." 

To  this  the  New  Jersey  Council  of  Safety  made  the 
following  reply : 

"  The  exemption  above  recommended  is  inconsistent 
with  the  militia  law  of  the  State,  but  if  the  Government 
of  Pennsylvania  will  carry  on  said  works  with  the  in- 
habitants of  their  own  commonwealth,  care  shall  be 
taken  to  have  them  exempted  as  above,  though  they  will 
also  be  liable  to  be  called  into  the  field  by  the  said  act 
as  it  now  stands,  as  becoming,  by  their  residence  here, 
subjects  of  this  State  to  that  purpose. 

"  William  Livingston." 

The  dirties  of  the  militia  stationed  at  Toms  River 


194  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

were  to  guard  the  inhabitants  from  depredations  by  the 
Refugees ;  tf>  check  contraband  trade  with  the  enemy  at 
New  York  by  way  of  Cranberry  Inlet,  and  to  aid  our 
privateers  who  brought  vessels  into  the  inlet. 

Cranberry  Inlet,  nearly  opposite  the  mouth  of  Toms 
River,  was  then  open,  and  perhaps  the  best  inlet  on  the 
coast,  except  Little  Egg  Harbor.  On  this  account  it  was 
a  favorite  base  of  operations  for  American  privateers  on 
the  lookout  for  vessels  carrying  supplies  to  the  British 
at  New  York. 

PRIVATEERING    AT    TOMS    RIVER  AND 
VICINITY. 


In  the  early  part  of  1778  Captain  Peter  Anderson, 
in  a  boat  with  sixteen  men,  captured  the  sloop  "Hazard" 
and  brought  her  into  Toms  River.  She  was  loaded  with 
Irish  beef  and  pork.  The  Court  of  Admiralty  to  adjust 
his  claim  and  that  of  his  men,  for  their  prize  was  held  at 
Allentown,  at  the  house  of  Gilbert  Barton. 

About  the  first  of  August,  1778,  the  British  ship 
"Love  arid  Unity"  was  run  ashore,  it  was  said  designedly, 
on  the  beach  nearly  opposite  Toms  River.  She  had  a 
valuable  cargo,  consisting  of  eighty  hogsheads  of  loaf 
sugar,  several  thousand  bottles  of  London  porter  and 
Bristol  beer,  and  other  articles.  She  was  taken  posses- 
sion of  by  the  militia  from  Toms  River  and  brought  into 
Cranberry  Inlet.  This  ship  was  one  of  the  most  valu- 
able prizes  captured  by  the  Americans  in  this  vicinity. 
A  Court  of  Admiralty  was  held  at  the  Court  House  at 
Trenton,  August  28,  1778,  to  try  the  claim  of  Benjamin 
LYatt  and  others  of  her  captors.  The  ship  was  adver- 
tised to  be  sold  by  the  Marshal,  John  Stokes,  at  Toms 
River,  August  31,  together  with  a  part  of  her  cargo,  con- 
sisting of  Bristol  beer,  cider,  porter,  salt,  Hour,  cheese, 
red  and  white  wine,  Queen's  and  delf  ware,  double-flint 
wine  glasses  and  tumblers,  etc.  A  part  of  her  cargo  had 
been  removed  to  Manasquan,  and  was  advertised  to  be 
sold  ten  days  later,  on  September  2d.     The  ship  was  re- 


PRIVATEEBING    AT    TOMS    K1YKK    AND    VICINITY.  l(.)f> 

named  the  "Washington"  by  the  purchasers  .-it  the  sale. 
She  was  too  valuable  for  the  British  not  to  attempt  to 
regain  her.  On  September  18,  a  little  over  two  weeks 
after  her  sale,  two  British  armed  ships  and  two  brigs 
came  close  to  the  bar  of  the  inlet  where  they  Lay  all 
night.  Next  morning  between  7  and  8  o'clock  they  si  nt 
in  seven  armed  boats  and  retook  the  ship,  and  also  took 
two  sloops  near  the  bar  and  captured  most  of  their 
crews.  The  American  captain  of  the  ship  and  most  of 
his  men  escaped  to  the  main  land.  The  pilot  of  the 
British  expedition  was  the  notorious  William  Dillon, 
who  had  just  before  been  in  Freehold  Jail  under  sentence 
of  death.  After  the  American  captain  of  the  ship  reached 
shore,  a  refugee  named  Robert  McMullen,  who  had  been 
in  Freehold  Jail  and  condemned  to  death  with  Dillon 
but  pardoned,  jumped  into  the  boat,  hurrahing  for  the 
British  and  rowed  off  and  joined  them. 

In  the  early  part  of  March,  1779,  the  sloop  "  Suc- 
cess" came  ashore  on  the  north  beach  and  was  made  a 
prize  of  by  the  militia  under  John,  probably  the  John 
Price  of  Goodluck,  known  as  Major  after  the  war.  The 
sloop  proved  to  be  a  valuable  prize,  as  she  was  loaded 
with  molasses,  coffee,  cocoa,  rum,  etc.  She  had  previous- 
ly bee  a  captured  by  the  British  brig  "Diligence"  and  a 
prize  master  and  three  men  put  on  board  of  her  to  take 
her  to  New  York.  When  she  came  ashore  the  prize  mas- 
ter and  the  three  men  were  made  prisoners  and  sent  to 
Princeton.  She  was  advertised  to  be  sold  as  she  lay  >n 
Island  Beach,  by  order  of  the  Court  of  Admiralty,  by 
Joseph  Potts,  Marshal,  on  April  7,  1779,  the  sale  to  take 
place  at  Toms  River  ;  her  cargo  was  to  be  sold  at  the 
same  time.  On  the  26th  of  April,  Marshal  Potts  pulf- 
lished  the  following  order : 

"The  people  concerned  in  capturing  the  sloop  "Suc- 
cess" are  desired  to  meet  me  at  the  house  of  Daniel 
Griggs  at  Toms  River,  on  Thursday  the  13th  of  May 
next,  to  receive  their  proportion  of  the  moneys  arising 
from  the  sales  of  said  sloop  and  cargo.  All  persons  indebted 
for  goods  bought  at  above  sale  are  requested  to  make 
immediate  payment  to  Mr.  Abiel  Akins  at    Toms    River, 


196         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

or  to  the  subscriber  at  Cranberry,  that  he  may  be  able  to 
close  the  accounts  by  the  time  mentioned. 

Joseph  Potts." 

Major  John  Cook,  who  was  killed  in  the  action  at 
the  Block  House,  was  a  resident  of  Toms  River  and  in- 
terested in  privateering.  He  captured  the  sloop  "  Fanny,'' 
Captain  Bell,  and  his  claim  was  adjudicated  at  a  Court 
held  at  the  house  of  Gilbert  Barton,  Allentown,  February 
24,  1779. 

John  Chadwick  had  a  claim  before  the  same  Court 
for  the  capture  of  the  schooner  "Hope."  This  vessel  and 
the  "  Fanny,"  captured  by  Major  Cook,  were  brought  to 
Toms  River  and  they  and  their  cargoes,  consisting  of 
pitch,  tar,  salt  and  other  articles,  were  advertised  to  be 
sold  here  March  1,  1779,  by  Joseph  Potts,  Marshal. 

John  Kaiglm  about  the  same  time,  claimed  as  a  prize 
the  sloop  "Experiment."  The  vessel  and  her  cargo, 
which  consisted  of  1,500  bushels  of  salt,  was  at  the  Union 
Salt  Works,  Manasquan,  and  she  was  advertised  to  be 
sold  May  7,  1779.  No  particulars  are  given  of  her  cap- 
ture, but  it  was  alleged  that  some  persons  in  that  vi- 
cinity owning  salt  works  or  shares  in  them,  were  British 
sympathizers  and  had  accepted  papers  guaranteeing 
British  protection  to  obtain  which  they  had  to  pledge  al- 
legiance to  the  Crown  to  agents  of  the  British.  John 
Lawrence,  the  noted  surveyor  who  ran  the  celebrated 
Lawrence  Line  between  East  and  West  Jersey,  was  the 
most  prominent  agent  of  the  British  in  secretly  traveling 
around  and  persuading  people  to  accept  British  protec- 
tion ;  he  was  finally  arrested  for  it  by  the  Americans  and 
imprisoned  in  Burlington  Jail.  The  Union  Salt  Works 
above  named,  were  advertised  to  be  sold  March  '21,  1779, 
by  Nathaniel  Lewis,  Joseph  Newbold  and  John  Kaiglm, 
all  probably  of  West  Jersey. 

Joseph  Salter  advertised  to  sell  May  2,  1779,  the 
sloop  "Lively,"  together  with  her  cargo  of  lumber,  at  the 
house  of  John  Cooke  (Major  John  Cooke).  It  is  not 
stated  why  the  vessel  was  to  be  sold.  She  may  have  been 
the    private    property    of  Salter,  who,  it  is  supposed,  re- 


PRIVATEERING    AT   TOMS    EUVEB    Wl>    \  K  UNITY.  L97 

moved  from  Toms  River  about  this  time.  The  mention 
of  Lumber  shows  that  the  Lumber  business  was  still  car- 
ried on  in  the  vicinity. 

Iu  the  latter  part  of  L780,  Captain  Joshua  Studsonof 
Toms  River  took  two  prizes,  the  schooner  "John"  and 
sloop  "Catherine,"  in  Baritan  Bay,  near  south  side  of 
State n  Island.  The  prizes  were  taken  to  Middletown 
Point.  The  Admiralty  Court  to  adjust  claims  for  these 
prizes  was  held  at  the  house  of  Isaac  Wood,  Mount  Hol- 
ly, and  the  vessels  were  advertised  to  be  sold  at  Mon- 
mouth Court  House,  January  1,  1781.  Just  a  month  be- 
fore this,  Captain  Studson  was  killed  by  the  Refugee 
Bacon  at  the  inlet,  opposite  Toms  River. 

About  the  close  of  the  year  1780,  Captain  Samuel 
Bigelow,  who,  before  the  war,  lived  on  Wrangle  Brook,  a 
short  distance  from  Toms  River,  captured  a  prize  under 
the  following  circumstances:  The  brig  "Dove,"  from 
Tortola,  West  Indies,  bound  to  New  York,  fell  short  of 
water  and  provisions  ;  her  master,  Captain  Hannel,  mis- 
took this  coast  for  Long  Island  and  sent  a  boat  with  four 
men  ashore  to  obtain  supplies.  These  men  were  retained, 
and  Captain  Bigelow  and  others  manned  two  boats  and 
went  out  and  captured  the  brig  and  brought  her  up  to 
Toms  River  without  difficulty.  The  brig,  with  her  cargo 
of  140  puncheons  of  rum,  was  advertised  to  be  sold  at 
Toms  River,  January  3,  1781,  by  John  Burrowes,  Mar- 
shal. On  the  25th  of  January,  1781,  Captain  Bigelow  and 
Samuel  Allen  had  their  claims  for  prize  money  for  these 
sales  before  a  Court  held  at  the  house  of  Gilbert  Barton, 
Allentown. 

Captain  Bigelow  also  made  a  prize  of  another  vessel 
called  the  "Betsey,"  which  had  belonged  to  citizens  of 
Delaware,  where  she  was  taken  by  the  British  out  of  a 
place  called  Muskmelon  Creek.  On  her  way  to  New 
York  she  was  driven  in  a  storm  ashore  near  the  bar  of 
Cranberry,  where  Captain  Bigelow  recaptured  her.  His 
prize  claim  was  adjusted  at  a  Court  held  at  the  house  of 
Isaac  Woods,  Mount  Holly. 

On   January   24,   1780,  a  sale  at  the  house  of  James 


198  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Lippencott,  Toms  River,  was  advertised  to  take  place,  by 
Zachariah  Rossell,  Marshal,  of  a  quantity  of  rum  ;  also 
of  sails,  rigging  and  hull  of  ship  lying  at  Cranberry  Inlet. 
Perhaps  the  sloop  was  the  "  Betsey,"  captured  by  Capt. 
Bigelow. 

James  Randolph  and  Moses  Bobbins,  of  Toms 
River,  presented  a  claim  before  an  Admiralty  Court  at 
Allentown,  January  25,  1781,  against  the  sloop  "Bruns- 
wick," of  which  Joshua  Wooding  had  been  captain,  which 
had  been  cast  away  on  the  beach.  Randolph  and  Rob- 
bins'  claim  was  on  behalf  of  themselves,  Jacob  Wilcot 
and  others,  who  took  possession  of  the  vessel. 

In  the  early  part  of  1782,  just  before  the  Block 
House  at  Toms  River  was  taken  by  the  British,  Captain 
William  Gray,  in  the  privateer  "Dart,"  of  Salem,  Mass., 
took  a  prize  sloop  from  the  British  galley  "Black  Jack." 
Captain  Gray  seems  to  have  been  a  driving,  daring  man, 
who  lost  no  chance  to  annoy  the  enemy.  It  was  an- 
nounced, March  ID,  1782,  that  he  had  brought  his  prize 
sloop  to  Toms  River.  The  next  day  he  went  with  his  boat 
and  seven  men  in  pursuit  of  a  British  brig  near  the  inlet. 
Unfortunately  for  him,  instead  of  taking  a  prize,  he  was 
captured  himself.  For  some  time  the  people  of  Toms 
River  wondered  what  had  become  of  him  ;  in  August  fol- 
lowing they  heard  that  after  he  got  out  of  the  inlet  he 
was  taken  prisoner  and  carried  to  Halifax,  and  subse- 
quently released  on  parole.  He  said  he  was  well  treated 
while  a  prisoner. 

While  Captain  Gray  was  cruising  out  of  Toms  River 
he  captured  one  prize  that  probably  was  one  cause  of 
the  expedition  which  captured  the  Block  House  and 
burned  the  village  of  Toms  River.  This  prize  was  the 
sloop  "  Lucy,"  of  which  the  notorious  William  Dillon 
was  captain.  She  was  engaged  in  contraband  trade  from 
Egg  Harbor  and  other  shore  places  to  New  York.  The 
following  is  a  copy  of  the  advertisement  relating  to  Dil- 
lon's vessel  published  in  the  early  part  of  March,  1782. 

"  To  all  whom  it  may  concern  : 

"Notice  is  hereby  given,  That  a  Court  will  be  held  at 


PRIVATEERING    AT   TOMS    RIVER    \M>    VICINITY.  L99 

the  house  of  James  Green,  at  Freehold,  iii  the  county  of 
Monmouth,  on  the  16th  day  of  March  next,  at  the  hour 
of  ten  o'clock  of  the  forenoon  of  the  same  day,  then  and 
there  to  try  the  truth  of  the  facts  alleged  in  the  hill  of 
Captain  William  Gray  (who  as  well,  &c.,)  against  the 
sloop  or  vessel  called  the  "  Lucy,"  taken  on  her  voyage 
from  Egg  Harbor  to  New  York,  William  Dillon  late  mas- 
ter, with  her  tackle,  furniture  and  cargo,  and  a  negro 
man  named  York.  To  the  end  and  intent  that  the  owner 
or  owners  of  said  vessel,  or  any  other  person  or  persons 
interested  therein,  may  appear  and  show  cause,  if  any 
they  have,  why  the  said  cargo  and  negro  man  should  not 
be  condemned  to  the  captors  pursuant  to  the  prayer  of 
said  bill.  Abiel  Akin." 

Abie!  Akin  was  a  leading  patriot  of  Toms  River,  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  and  prominent  generally  in  public  mat- 
ters. Captain  James  Green,  at  whose  house  at  Freehold 
the  court  was  to  be  held,  it  is  supposed  was  the  same 
who  married  Captain  Joshua  Huddy's  daughter,  and  it 
was  to  his  house,  shortly  after,  that  the  body  of  Captain 
Huddy  was  brought  after  he  was  murdered  by  the  Refu- 
gees near  the  Highlands.  Many  trials  were  held  at  Cap- 
tain Green's  house  during  the  war.  The  court  to  adju- 
dicate on  claims  relating  to  prize  "Lucy"  was  to  be  held 
the  16th  of  March,  which  was  Saturday.  The  following- 
Saturday  the  British  expedition  from  New  York  arrived 
at  Cranberry  inlet,  and  the  next  da)  the  Block  House 
was  captured  and  the  village,  burned,  Esquire  Abiel 
Aldus  house  among  the  rest.  Dillon,  from  whose  family 
Dillon's  Island  derived  its  name,  was  evidently  well 
acquainted  with  the  coast,  as  he  was  captain  of  a  coast- 
ing vessel  and  had  lived  so  near  the  bay.  He  bore  no 
good  will  to  the  patriots,  for  he  had  once  been  sentenced 
to  death  by  them,  and  now  he  had  had  his  vessel  cap- 
tured. The  British  had  sent  expeditions  to  destroy 
privateers  up  the  Raritan  as  far  as  New  Brunswick,  and 
also  at  Chestnut  Neck  and  other  places  around  Egg  Har- 
bor. And  the  expedition  to  Toms  River,  so  soon  after 
Dillon  lost  his  vessel,  leads  to  the  conclusion  that  he 
went  to  New  York  and  induced  the  British  commandant 
there  to  send  the  expedition  to  Toms  River  and  inflict 


200  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

vengeance  on  all  persons  interested  in  privateering,  or 
who  aided  the  patriot  cause,  with  most  of  whom  he  was 
personally  acquainted.  And  he  was  the  willing  pilot  of 
this  fleet  that  came  to  destroy  his  former  neighbors  and 
burn  their  homes.  It  was  undoubtedly  he  who  pointed 
out  what  houses  to  destroy  and  what  to  spare.  The 
house  of  Mrs.  Studson,  whose  husband  had  recently  been 
murdered  by  Bacon,  was  spared,  and  also  the  house  of 
Aaron  Buck,  whose  wife  was  a  niece  of  Dillon's,  Buck 
having  married  his  brother's  daughter. 

Another  prize  brought  into  Toms  River  was  the 
schooner  "  Speedwell,"  which  had  been  captured  by  the 
daring  Captain  Adam  Hyler.  The  "  Speedwell "  was 
nearly  new  and  of  about  twenty-two  tons  burden.  The 
sale  of  this  vessel  was  advertised  to  take  place  at  Free- 
hold June  20, 1782,  at  the  house  of  Captain  James  Green, 
by  Robert  Hude  and  John  Bray,  agents.  This  vessel 
had  been  captured  by  the  British  and  recaptured  by 
Captain  Hyler.  Toms  River  had  been  burned  about 
three  months  before  this  sale  took  place,  and  it  is  not 
probable  that  there  were  any  houses  in  the  village  to 
accommodate  persons  who  might  desire  to  purchase  the 
"  Speedwell,"  and  hence  a  reason  for  the  sale  at  Free- 
hold. 

In  the  early  part  of  1783,  some  of  the  Mannahawkin 
militia,  under  the  lead  of  Captain  Joseph  Randolph  and 
Nathan  Crane,  Adjutant  in  the  militia,  made  prizes  of 
the  schooners  "  Polly  "  and  "  Dilly  Latta,"  with  two  hun- 
dred and  two  barrels  of  flour  and  fifteen  kegs  of  bread. 
These  vessels  had  been  captured  by  the  British  and  cast 
away  on  the  beach,  where  they  were  retaken  by  the 
Americans.  The  prize  claims  of  Captain  Randolph  and 
Adjutant  Crane  were  adjudicated  by  a  court  held  at  the 
house  of  Benjamin  Lawrence,  Allentown,  Joseph  Law- 
rence, judge. 

The  following  account  of  the  capture  and  sale  of  a 
prize  brings  to  light  an  interesting  fact  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary history  of  Toms  River,  which  is  the  name  of  one 


PRIVATEERING     \T   TOMS    RIVER   ANI>    VICINITY.  21    ; 

of  the  first,  if  not  the  first,  of  the   citizens  of  the  place 
who  rebuilt  a  house  after  the  village  was  burned. 

In  the  early  part  of  1783,  Captain  John  Wanton,  in 
the  armed  boat  "  General  Washington,"  captured  the 
sloop  "  Rebecca"  and  brought  her  into  Toms  River.  She 
had  been  captured  by  the  British  brig  "Renown,"  an  I 
retaken  by  Captain  Wanton.  The  following  is  a  copy  of 
the  advertisement  for  her  sale  : 

"To  be  sold  at  public  vendue,  at  10  o'clock,  on  Fri- 
day, March  14,  1783,  at  the  house  of  Moses  Bobbins,  at 
head  of  Toms  River,  the  sloop  Rebecca,  with  her  cargo 
of  330  barrels  of  flour,  a  few  barrels  of  pork,  &c,  lately 
captured  by  Captain  John  Wanton. 

"  David  Potter,  Marshal." 

From  the  above  it  seems  that  Moses  Bobbins,  who 
was  wounded  in  the  fight  at  the  Block  Hoiise,  had  a 
house  then  built  suitable  for  business. 

The  following  notice  of  a  prize  brought  to  Toms 
River  by  Rhode  Islanders  is  from  a  certificate  in  posses- 
sion of  Hon.  Ephraim  P.  Emson: 

"Providence,  Feb.  21,  1777. 
"  This  may  certify  that  Messrs.  Clark  and  Nightin- 
gale and  Captain  William  Rhodes  have  purchased  here 
at  vendue  the  schooner  Popes  Head,  which  was  taken 
by  the  privateer  "Sally  and  Joseph"  (under  our  com- 
mand) and  carried  into  Cranberry  Inlet,  in  the  Jersies, 
and  there  delivered  to  the  care  of  Mr.  James  Randolph 
by  our  prize  masters. 

"James  Maro, 
"John  Fish." 

On  the  9th  of  December,  1778,  it  was  announced  that 
a  British  armed  vessel,  bound  from  Halifax  to  New  York, 
and  richly  ladened,  came  ashore  near  Barnegat.  The 
crew,  about  sixty  in  number,  surrendered  themselves 
prisoners  to  the  militia.  Goods  to  the  amount  of  five 
thousand  pounds  sterling  were  taken  out  of  her  by  our 
citizens,  and  a  number  of  prisoners  sent  to  Bordentown, 
at  which  place  the  balance  of  prisoners  were  expected. 

In  the  winter  of  1780-1  the  British  ship  "Molly" 
was  driven  ashore  in  a  snow  storm  on  the  beach  (at  what 


202  HISTORY   OP   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

point  not  stated    and  her  crew  made  prisoners  and  sent 
to  Philadelphia. 

In  December,  177s.  Captain  Alexander,  of  the  sloop 
"Elizabeth,"  of   Baltimore,  was   taken   by  the   British. 

He  was  permitted  to  leave  in  a  small  boat,  and  lie  landed 
at  Cranberry  Inlet. 

In  January.  1778,  the  sloop  "Two  Friends,"  Captain 
Alexander  Bonnett.  of  Hispaniola,  was  cast  away  near 
Barnegat  Inlet  with  1,600  bags  of  salt,  forty-eight  hogs- 
heads of  molasses,  also  a  lot  of  rum,  sugar,  etc.  Only 
L60  gallons  of  rum  was  saved.  The  shore  people  went 
to  their  assistance,  but  one  man  was  lost.  Captain  Bon- 
nett then  shipped  as  a  passenger  in  the  sloop  "  En- 
deavor,"  at  Toms  River,  for  New  York;  but,  sad  to 
relate,  while  she  lay  at  the  inlet  at  anchor  a  storm  parted 
her  cable  -and  all  on  board  were  drowned  in  the  bay. 

DEATH  OF  CAPTAIN  JOSHUA  STUDSON. 


Captain  Studson,  during  the  He  volution,  lived  at 
Toms  River,  on  the  bank  of  the  river  a  few  hundred 
yards  below  the  present  bridge.    He  was  a  captain  in  the 

privateer  service  and  was  also  appointed  a  lieutenant  in 
Captain  Ephraim  Jenkins'  company  of  militia,  June  14, 
1780.  In  the  latter  part  of  1783,' Captain  Sbudson  took 
two  prizes,  tie-  schooner  "John"  and  the  sloop  "Cath- 
arine," on  the  south  side  of  Staten  Island,  in  Princes  or 
Raritan  Bay.  The  prizes  were  taken  to  Middletown.  The 
Admiralty  Court,  which  adjusted  prize  claims  in  his  i 
met  at  the  house  of  Isaac  Wood,  Mount  Holly,  and  the 
vesst-ls  were  advertised  to  be  sold  at  public  sale  at  Free- 
hold Court  House,  January  1,  1781.  Just  a  mouth  before 
this  sale,  on  December  1,  1780,  Studson  was  killed  by 
the  Refugee  Bacon.  It  would  seem  that  after  taking  his 
prizes  to  Middletown  Point,  he  sailed  down  the  beach  and 
into  the  inlet,  and  thence  up  to  Toms  Paver,  probably  to 
lay  up  his  vessel  for  winter.  The  particulars  of  his  death 
have  been  hande  1  down  as  follows: 

Three  men  living  along  the  bay,  named  Asa  Wood- 


DEATH  01     I   U'TAIN    J0BH1  A    si  l  D80N.  203 

mansee,  Richard  Barber  and  Thomas  Collins,  hearing 
that  farm  produce  was  bringing  exorbitant  prices  among 
the  British  at  New  5Tork,  loaded  a  whale  boat  with  truck 
from  farms  along  the  bay  and  proceeded  to  New  York  by 
way  of  old  Cranberry  Inlet,  which  was  then  open  nearly 
opposite  Toms  River.  These  men  were  not  known  as 
B  >fuge  s,  hut  undertook  the  trip  merely  to  make  a  little 
money  by  a  kind  of  "running  the  blockade"  business  on 
a  small  scale.  They  arrived  safely  in  New  York,  sold  out 
their  produce,  and  were  about  returning  home,  when  the 
noted  Refugee,  Captain  John  Bacon,  called  on  them  and 
insisted  on  taking  passage  hack  in  the  whale  boat. 
Much  against  their  will  they  were  forced  to  allow  him  to 
come  on  board.  They  arrived  near  Cranberry  Inlet  be- 
fore sundown,  and  lay  outside  until  after  dark,  being 
afraid  to  venture  in  the  bay  during  the  day.  In  the  mean- 
time the  patriot  militia  stationed  at  Toms  River  had  got 
wind  of  their  proceedings,  and  being  determined  to  put 
a  stop  to  the  contraband  trade,  a  small  party  under  com- 
mand of  Lieutenant  Joshua  Stndson  took  a  boat  and 
went  across  to  the  inlet  and  concealed  themselves  behind 
a  point  just  inside.  After  dark  the  whale  boat  came  in, 
but  no  sooner  had  it  rounded  the  point  than  to  the  con- 
sternation of  those  on  board  they  saw  the  boat  of  the 
militia  so  close  by  that  there  was  no  apparent  chance  of 
escape.  Lieutenant  Stndson  stood  up  in  his  boat  and 
called  upon  them  to  surrender.  The  unfortunate  specu- 
lators were  unarmed  and  in  favor  of  yielding,  but  Bacon 
knowing  that  his  life  was  already  forfeited,  refused,  and 
having  his  musket  loaded,  suddenly  fired  with  so  deadly 
an  aim  that  the  brave  lieutenant  instantly  dropped  dead 
in  the  boat.  The  sudden,  unexpected  firing,  and  the 
death  of  Studson,  threw  the  militia  into  momentary  con- 
fusion, and  before  they  could  decide  how  to  act  the 
whale  boat  was  out  of  sight  in  the  darkness.  The  mil- 
itia rowed  back  to  Toms  River  the  same  night,  and  land- 
ing in  front  of  the  house,  some  of  the  number  went  up 
and  aroused  Mrs.  Studson,  and  told  her  the  sad  news. 
His  unexpected  death,  and  so  shortly  after  leaving  home, 


204  HISTOKY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

completely  overwhelmed  her  with  sorrow.  The  men  pro- 
cured a  blanket  from  the  house  aud  went  down  to  their 
boat,  took  the  body  of  Captain  Studson  and  put  it  in  the 
blanket  and  carried  it  up  to  the  house. 

The  crew  of  the  whaleboat,  knowing  it  was  not  safe 
for  them  to  remain  at  home  after  this  affair,  fled  to  the 
British  army  and  were  forced  into  service,  but  were  of 
little  use  as  "they  were  sick  with  the  small  pox,  and  suf- 
fered everything  but  death,"  as  one  of  them  (Collins) 
said,  during  their  stay  with  the  British.  Taking  ad- 
vantage of  one  of  General  Washington's  proclamations, 
offering  protection  to  deserters  from  the  British  army, 
they  were  afterwards  allowed  to  return  home.  James 
Mills,  an  aged,  respected  citizen  now  living  at  Barnegat, 
born  1806,  in  his  young  days  resided  with  one  of  the 
Woodmansees  on  the  James  Jones  place,  at  Forked 
River,  and  frequentky  met  one  or  two  of  these  ill-starred 
blockade  runners.  Thomas  Collins  lived  to  an  advanced 
age,  and  was  always  badly  scarred  from  the  small  pox, 
which  he  caught  within  the  British  lines. 

Not  long  after  the  war,  Mrs.  Studson  married  a  man 
named  Chamberlain  at  Toms  River. 

THE  ATTACK  ON  TOMS  RIVER. 


BURNING     OF     THE      VILLAGE — CAPTURE     OF     CAPTAIN     JOSHUA 
HUDDY — A    DAY    OF    HORRORS. 

In  giving  an  account  of  this  affair  we  shall  first  copy 
a  brief  statement  from  Haves  Collections  the  editor  of 
which  visited  the  place  in  1842  in  search  of  historical 
information  relating  to  olden  times  in  old  Monmouth  : 

"In  the  American  Revolution,  a  rude  fort  or  block- 
house was  erected  a  short  distance  north  of  the  bridge, 
at  the  village  of  Toms  River,  on  a  hill  about  a  hundred 
yards  east  of  the  road  to  Freehold,  on  land  now  belong- 
ing to  the  heirs  of  Elijah  Robbins,  deceased.  In  the  lat- 
ter part  of  the  war,  this  blockhouse  was  attacked  by  a 
superior  force  of  the  enemy.  Its  commander,  Captain 
Joshua   Huddy,  most  gallantly  defended  it  until  his  am- 


THE    ATTACK    ON    TOMB    BIVEB.  205 

munition  was  expended  and  no  alternative  l>u<  surren- 
der left.  After  the  brave  Little  garrison  was  in  their 
power,  it  is  said  the}'  deliberately  murdered  five  men  ask- 
ing for  quarter.  From  thence  Captain  Huddy,  Justice 
Randolph,  and  the  remaining  prisoners  were  taken  to 
New  York,  where,  suffering  the  various  progressions  of 
barbarity  inflicted  upon  those  destined  to  a  violent  or 
lingering  death,  these  two  gentlemen,  with  a  Mr.  Fleming 
were  put  into  the  hold  of  a  vessel.  Captain  Huddy  was 
ironed  hand  and  foot,  and  shortly  after  barbarously 
hanged  on  the  shore  of  the  Highlands  of  Navesink." 

The  tory  organ,  RivingtorC  8  Royal  Gazette,  of  New 
York,  gave  the  following  account  of  the  battle  : 

"  On  Wednesday,  the  20th  inst.  (March,  1782,)  Lieu- 
tenant Blanchard,  of  the  armed  whale  boats,  and  about 
eighty  men  belonging  to  them,  with  Captain  Thomas  and 
Lieutenant  Roberts,  both  of  the  late  Bucks  County  Vol- 
unteers, and  between  thirty  and  forty  other  Refugee 
loyalists,  the  whole  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
Blanchard,  proceeded  to  Sandy  Hook  under  the  convoy 
of  Captain  Stewart  Ross,  in  the  armed  brig  'Arrogant,' 
where  they  were  detained  by  unfavorable  winds  until  the 
23d.  About  12  o'clock  on  that  night  the  party  landed 
near  the  mouth  of  Toms  River  and  marched  to  the  Block 
House  at  the  town  of  Dover  (now  Toms  River),  and 
reached  it  just  at  daylight.  On  their  way  they  were  chal- 
lenged and  fired  upon,  and  when  they  came  to  the  works 
they  found  the  rebels,  consisting  of  twenty-five  or  twenty- 
six  twelve  months'  men  and  militia,  apprized  of  their 
coming  and  prepared  for  defence. 

"  The  post  into  which  the  rebels  had  thrown  them- 
selves was  six  or  seven  feet  high,  made  wjth  large  logs, 
with  loop-holes  between  and  a  number  of  brass  swivels 
on  the  top,  which  was  entirely  open,  nor  was  there  any 
way  of  entering  but  by  climbing  over.  They  had,  besides 
swivels,  muskets  with  bayonets  and  long  pikes  for  their 
defence.  Lieutenant  Blanchard  summoned  them  to  sur- 
render, which  they  not  only  refused,  but  bid  the  party 
defiance  ;  on  which  he  immediately  ordered  the  place  to 


206         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

be  stormed,  which  was  accordingly  done,  and  though  de- 
fended with  obstinacy,  was  soon  carried.  The  rebels  had 
nine  men  killed  in  the  assault,  and  twelve  made  prisoners, 
two  of  whom  are  wounded.  The  rest  made  their  escape 
in  the  confusion.  Among  the  killed  Mas  a  Major  of  the 
militia,  two  Captains  and  one  Lieutenant.  The  Captain 
of  the  twelve  months'  men  stationed  there  is  among  the 
prisoners,  who  are  all  brought  safe  to  town.  On  our  side 
two  were  killed — Lieutenant  Iredell,  of  the  armed  boat- 
men, and  Lieutenant  Inslee,  of  the  Loyalists,  both  very 
brave  officers,  who  distinguished  themselves  on  the  at- 
tack, and  whose  loss  is  much  lamented.  Lieutenant 
Roberts  and  five  others  are  wounded,  but  it  is  thought 
none  of  them  are  in  a  dangerous  way. 

"  The  Town,  as  it  is  called,  consisting  of  about  a 
dozen  houses,  in  which  none  but  a  piratical  set  of  ban- 
ditti resided,  together  with  a  grist  and  saw-mill,  were, 
with  the  Block  House  burned  to  the  ground,  and  an  iron 
cannon  spiked  and  thrown  into  the  river.  A  fine  large 
barge  i  called  Hyler's  barge, )  and  another  boat  in  which 
the  rebels  used  to  make  their  excursions  on  the  coast, 
were  brought  off.  Some  other  attempts  were  intended  to 
have  been  made,  but  the  appearance  of  bad  weather, 
and  the  situation  of  the  wounded,  being  without  either 
surgeon  or  medicines,  induced  the  party  to  return  to  New 
York  where  they  arrived  on  the  25th.'" 

The  attack  on  Toms  River  was  made  on  Suuday 
morning,  March  24th,  1782.  No  Tory  or  Tory  sympa- 
thizer was  tolerated  in  the  village  of  Toms  River,  which 
was  the  only  reason  that  caused  Rivington 's  11 oyal 
Gazette  to  call  its  people  "banditti." 

Upon  the  approach  of  the  British,  the  Americans 
opened  fire  so  effectually  that  the  British  account  acknow- 
ledges that  seven  were  killed  or  wounded,  though  the 
damage  inflicted  upon  them  must  have  been  greater.  A 
negro  Refugee  killed,  was  left  by  them  outside  of  the  fort 
for  the  Americans  to  bury. 

What  a  terrible  day  to  the  inhabitants  of  Toms  River 
was  that  memorable  Sabbath  !     Probablv  not  less  than  a 


CAPTAIN   JOHN    BAftON.  -><>( 

hundred  women  and  children  were  rendered  homeless; 
the  killed  and  wounded  demanded  immediate  attention  ; 
husbands  and  fathers  were  carried  away  captives,  their 
household  goods,  provisions  —their  all  destroyed.  Some 
families  were  entirely  broken  up,  the  heads  killed, 
mothers  and  children  scattered,  never  as  families  meet- 
ing again. 

CAPTAIN  JOHN  BACON, 


THE  REFUGEE  LEADER  OF  MONMOUTH  AND  BURLINGTON — AN 
OUTLAW'S  CAREER  AND  HIS  DREADFUL  END. 

This  noted  Refuges  leader,  whose  name  is  so  well 
remembered  by  old  residents  of  Monmouth,  Ocean  and 
Burlington,  appears  to  have  confined  his  operations 
chiefly  to  the  lower  part  of  old  Monmouth  county,  be- 
tween Cedar  Creek  in  what  is  now  Ocean  county  and 
Tuckerton  in  Burlington  County.  His  efforts  were  mainly 
directed  to  plundering  the  dwellings  of  all  well  known 
active  members  of  the  old  Monmouth  militia.  Himself, 
and  men  were  well  acquainted  with  the  roads  and  paths 
through  the  forests  of  Burlington  and  old  Monmouth, 
and  had  numerous  hiding  places,  cabins,  caves,  etc.,  in 
the  woods  and  swamps,  where  they  could  remain  until 
some  trustworthy  spy  informed  them  of  a  safe  chance  to 
venture  out  on  what  was  then  termed  a  picarooning  ex- 
pedition. 

About  December  1st,  1780,  Bacon  killed  Lieutenant 
Joshua  Studson  ;  the  particulars  of  this  affair  are  given 
in  the  chapter  relating  to  Revolutionary  events  at  Toms 
River  during  the  Revolution. 

Another  affair  in  which  Bacon  was  a  prominent  actor, 
was  the  skirmish  at  Mannahawkin,  in  Ocean  county,  De- 
cember 30th,  1781.  The  militia  of  this  place,  under  com- 
mand of  Captain  Reuben  F.  Randolph,  having  heard  that 
Bacon,  with  his  band,  was  on  a  raiding  expedition  and 
would  probably  try  to  plunder  some  of  the  patriots  in 
that  village,  assembled  at  the  inn  of  Captain  Randolph, 
prepared      to    give    them    a     reception.       After      wait- 


208         HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

in"-  until  two  or  three  o'clock  in  tin*  morning,  they  con- 
cluded it  \v;is  ;i  false  alarm,  and  so  retired  to  rest,  taking 
the  precaution  to  put  out  sentinels.  Just  before  daylight 
the  Refugees  came  down  the  road  from  the  north  on 
their  way  to  West  Creek.  The  alarm  was  given  and  the 
militia  hastily  turned  out,  but  were  compelled  to  retreat, 
as  the  Refugees  had  a  much  larger  force  than  they  anti- 
cipated. As  they  were  retreating,  Bacon's  party  fired 
and  killed  one  of  the  patriots  named  Lines  Paugborn 
and  wounded  another  named  Sylvester  Tilton. 

After   this  affair  Tilton  removed  to  Colts  Neck,  near 
Freehold,  where  we  believe  his  descendants  yet  live. 

BACON  AT  GOODLUCK,  FORKED  RIVER  AND 
WARETOWN. 


Oa  one  of  his  picarooning  or  raiding  exp3litions, 
Bacon,  with  fifteen  or  sixteen  men,  plundered  the  dwell- 
ing house  of  John  Holmes  at  Forked  River,  who  then 
lived  at  the  mill  known  in  late  years  as  Francis  Cornelius' 
mill.  The  party  camp  3d  in  the  woo;ls,  near  the  house, 
until  daylight,  and  then  came  and  demanded  money.  Mr. 
Holmes  was  supposed  to  be  somewhat  forehanded,  and 
they  hoped  to  have  made  a  good  haul.  In  the  expecta- 
tion of  such  a  visit  he  had  buried  many  of  his  valuables 
in  his  garden.  The  Rsfugees  pointed  a  bayonet  to  his 
breast  and  threatened  to  kill  him  if  the  money  was  not 
forthcoming.  Mr.  Holmes'  wife  happened  to  have  some 
money  about  her,  which  she  delivered  up,  and  this 
seemed  to  satisfy  them  as  far  as  money  was  concerned. 
They  then  ransacked  the  house  and  took  provisions  and 
such  other  things  as  they  wanted. 

An  ancient  paper  says  that  about  the  last  of  April, 
1780,  "  the  Refugees  attacked  the  house  of  John  Holmes, 
Upper  Freehold,  and  robbed  him  of  a  large  amount  of 
Continental  money,  a  silver  watch,  gold  ring,  silver 
buckles,  pistols,  clothing,  etc."  It  is  possible  that  this 
refers  to  the  same  affair  ;  if  so,  it  occurred  in  old  Dover 
township  instead  of  Upper  Freehold. 


THE    MASSACRE   ON    LONG    BEACH.  209 

Bacon's  party,  a*  this  tiin  •,  entered  the  houses  of 
bhe  Prices  and  took  whatever  they  could  carry,  though 
we  believe  these  patriots,  like  others  in  those  dark  days, 
kept  buried  in  gardens  and  fields  many  things  they  feared 

the   Refugees   might  covet. 

Anions  other  zealous  Americans  for  whom  Bacon 
had  strong  antipathy  were  Joseph  Soper  and  his  son 
Reuben,  both  members  of  Captain  Reuben  F.  Randolph's 
militia  company.  They  lived  about  half  way  between 
Waretown  and  Barnegat,  at  a  place  known  as  "  Soper' s 
Landing."  His  attentions  to  the  Sopers  were  so  frequent 
that  they  often  had  to  sleep  in  the  adjacent  swamps 
along  Lochiel  brook. 

Mr.  Soper's  son  Reuben  was  murdered  by  Bacon  on 
Long  Beach,  about  a  mile  south  of  Barnegat  Inlet. 

At  one  time  Mr.  Soper  had  received  pay  for  building 
a  small  vessel.  Wilson,  a  treacherous  employee,  acci- 
dentally was  a  witness  to  his  receiving  the  mousy,  but  he 
did  not  know  the  amount.  After  Wilson  had  left,  Mr. 
Soper  snspacted  he  would  inform  Bacon,  aid  so  he 
divided  his  money  into  two  parcels ;  a  small  amount  in 
one  parcel  and  the  larger  part  in  another,  and  then  buried 
both  lots  in  separate  places  not  far  from  the  house. 

Mr.  Soper  at  this  time  had  taken  refuge  in  the 
swamp,  and  the  house  was  occupied  only  by  women  and 
young  children.  Their  threats  compelled  the  women  to 
lead  them  into  the  garden  to  the  spot  where  the  smaller 
amount  of  money  was  buried,  after  receiving  which 
they  seemed  to  be  satisfied,  thinking  it  was  all  they  had. 
They  then  returned  to  the  house  and  made  a  clean  sweep. 
Among  other  things  taken  by  Bacon  at  this  time  was  one 
of  Mr.  Soper's  shirts,  which  afterwards  served  as  Bacon's 
winding  sheet,  as  he  was  subsequently  killed  with  it  on. 

THE  MASSACRE  ON  LONG  BEACH. 

BACON     KILLS     CAPTAIN     STEELMAN,     REUBEN     SOPER     AND 
OTHERS — MURDER    OF    SLEEPING    MEN. 

This  was  the  most  atrocious  affair  in  which  Bacon 
was  engaged.     The  inhuman  massacre  of  sleeping  men 


210  HISTOKY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

was  in  keeping  with  the  memorable  affair  at  Chestnut 
Neck,  near  Tuckerton,  when  Count  Pulaski's  guards  were 
murdered  by  the  British  and  Refugees. 

The  massacre  at  Long  Beach  took  place  about  a 
mile  south  of  Barnegat  light-house,  and  there  were,  we 
think,  more  men  killed  and  wounded  then  than  in  any 
other  action  in  that  part  of  Old  Monmouth  now  com- 
prised within  the  limits  of  Ocean  county. 

A  tory  paper  gives  the  following  version  of  the  affair : 

"A  cutter  from  Ostend,  hound  to  St.  Thomas,  ran 
aground  on  Barnegat  Shoals,  October  25,  1782.  The 
American  galley  'Alligator,'  Captain  Steelman,  from 
Cape  May,  with  twenty-five  men,  plundered  her  on 
Saturday  night  last  of  a  quantity  of  Hyson  tea  and  other 
valuable  articles,  but  was  attacked  the  same  night  by 
Captain  John  Bacon,  with  nine  men,  in  a  small  boat 
called  the  '  Hero's  Revenge,'  who  killed  Steelman  and 
wounded  the  First  Lieutenant,  and  all  the  party  except 
four  or  rive  were  either  killed  or  wounded." 

In  this  account  the  number  of  Steelman' s  men  is 
doubtless  overe-itim  itad  and  Brcon's  undsrestimated. 


THE  DEATH  OF  BACON. 


The  following  account  of  the  death  of  Bacon  was 
furnished  to  the  New  York  Historical  Society  by  the  late 
Governor  George  F.  Fort. 

"John  Bacon  was  a  notorious  Refugee  who  had  com- 
mitted many  depredations  along  the  shores  of  Monmouth 
and  Burlington  counties.  After  having  been  a  terror  to 
the  people  of  this  section  for  some  time,  John  Stewart, 
of  Arney town,  (afterwards  Captain  Stewart),  resolved,  if 
possible,  to  take  him.  There  had  been  a  reward  of  fifty 
pounds  sterling  offered  by  the  Governor  and  Council  for 
his  capture,  dead  or  alive.  A  short  time  previous,  in  an 
engagement  at  Cedar  Creek  Bridge,  Bacon  and  his  com- 
pany had  discomfited  a  considerable  body  of  State 
troops,  killing  a  brother  of  Joel  Cook,  Burlington  county. 
which  excited  much  alarm  and  exasperated  the  whole 
county.       On  the  occasion  of  his  arrest,  Captain  Stewart 


I  III     l>!  Mil    OF    BACON.  21  I 

took  with  him  Joel  Cook,  John  Brown,  Thomas  Smith, 
John  Jones,  and  another  person  whose  name  is  not  recol- 
lected, ami  started  in  pursuit,  well  armed. 

They  traversed  the  shore  andfound  Bacon  separated 
from  his  men  at  the  public  house  or  cabin  of  William 
Rose,  between  West  Greek  and  Clamtown  (now  Tucker- 
ton),  in  Burlington  County.  The  night  was  very  dark, 
and  Smith  being  in  advance  of  the  party,  approached  the 
house,  and  discovered  through  the  window  a  man  sittine- 
with  a  gun  between  his  knees.  He  immediately  in- 
formed his  companions.  ( )n  arriving  at  the  house,  Cap- 
tain Stewart  opened  the  door  and  presenting  his  musket 
demanded  a  surrender.  The  fellow  sprang  to  his  feet, 
and  cocking  his  gun  was  in  the  aid  of  bringing  it  round 
to  the  breast  of  Stewart,  when  the  latter,  instead  of  dis- 
charging his  piece,  closed  in  with  him  and  succeeded  af- 
ter a  scuttle  in  bringing  him  to  the  floor.  He  theu 
avowed  himself  to  be  John  Bacon,  and  asked  for  quarter, 
which  was  at  once  readily  granted  to  him  by  Stewart. 
They  arose  from  the  floor,  and  Stewart  (still  retaining  his 
hold  on  Bacon)  called  to  Cook,  who,  when  he  discovered 
the  supposed  murderer  of  his  brother,  became  exasper- 
ated, and  stepping  back  gave  Bacon  a  bayonet  thrust  un- 
known to  Stewart  or  his  companions.  Bacon  appeared 
faint  and  fell.  After  a  short  time  he  recovered  and  at- 
tempted to  escape  by  the  back  door.  Stewart  pushed  a 
table  against  it.  Bacon  hurled  it  away  and  struck  Stew- 
art to  the  floor,  opened -the  door,  and  again  attempted  to 
pass  out ;  but  was  shot  by  Stewart  (who  had  regained 
his  feet)  while  in  the  act.  The  ball  passed  through  his 
body,  through  a  part  of  the  building,  and  struck  the 
breast  of  Cook,  who  had  taken  position  at  the  back  door 
to  prevent  egress.  Cook's  companions  were  ignorant  of 
the  fact  that  he  had  given  Bacon  the  bayonet  wound, 
and  would  scarcely  credit  him  when  lie  so  informed  them 
on  their  way  home.  They  examined  Bacon's  body  at 
Mount  Misery,  and  the  wounds  made  by  both  bayonet 
and  ball  were  obvious.  They  brought  his  dead  body  to 
Jacobstown,   Burlington  countv,  and  were  in  the  act  of 


212  HISTORY.    OF    MONMOUTB    A\l»    0<  KAN    COUNTIES. 

burying  it  in  the  public  highway,  near  the  villa-*  in  the 
presence  of  many  citizens  who  had  collected  <>n  the  occa- 
sion, when  llaron's  brother  appeared  anion--  them  and 
after  much  entreaty  succeeded  in  obtaining  his  body  for 
private  burial." 

This  affair  took  place  on  Thursday  evening,  April 
3rd,  lis:;. 

The  Refugee  leaders  in  our  State — Hetfield,  Bacon, 
Lippencott,  Davenport,  Moody  and  others — all  doubtless 
held  com  missions  from  the  "Board  of  Associated  Loyal- 
ists," of  which  the  President  was  William  Franklin,  the 
last  British  Governor  of  New  Jersey. 


DICK  BIRD. 


THE  POTTERS  CREEK  OUTLAW. 

This  scoundrel,  who  was  probably  one  of  Daven- 
port's gang,  was  exceedingly  obnoxious  to  the  Americans 
on  account  of  outrages  in  which  he  was  concerned.  He 
was  intimately  acquainted  with  all  the  roads  and  by- 
paths in  the  woods  and  swamps  in  old  Dover  township, 
which  then  extended  to  Oyster  Creek.  Tradition  says, 
that  early  in  the  war  he  had  a  cave  near  the  head-waters 
of  ( Jedar  Creek. 

Near  Quail  Run  was  a  woman  of  low  character,  whom 
he  often  visited.  On  the  day  he  was  shot  he  called  on 
her;  she  told  him  as  the  militia  were  after  him,  they 
would  find  him  there,  and  advised  him  to  go  to  a  less 
suspected  place.  He  was  seen  by  some  patriotic  women, 
who  sent  information  to  his  pursuers,  who  surprised  him 
at  the  house  while  the  woman  was  sitting  on  his  lap.  He 
sprang  for  his  musket,  which  was  in  the  chimney  corner. 
and  just  as  he  reached  it  his  pursuers  tired  through  the 
window  and  killed  him  instantly. 


THE  REF1  GEE  l>\\  l  NPOR  r  AM>  ills  i»i.\  i  11.  213 

THE      REFUGEE      DAVENPORT      AT      FORKED 
RIVER,  AM)  HIS  DEATH. 


( )u  the  first  of  June,  L782,  Davenport  with  eighty 
men,  half  of  whom  were  black  and  half  white  in  two 
long  barges  Landed  al  Forked  River,  firsi  od  the  north 
side  where  they  demanded  provisions  of  Samuel  and 
James  Wbodmansee,  brothers  who  then  lived  on  the 
James  Jones  and  Joseph  Holmes  places.  They  then 
proceeded  to  the  south  bianch  of  Forked  River,  to  the 
house  of  Samuel  Brown,  an  active  member  of  the  militia, 
who  then  lived  on  the  place  owned  some  twenty  odd 
years  ago  by  John  Wright,  still  known  as  the  Wright 
place.  They  plundered  his  house,  burnt  his  salt  works, 
and  came  near  capturing  Air.  Brown  himself,  who  just 
had  time  to  escape  to  the  woods.  Air.  Brown  often  had 
to  sleep  in  the  woods  for  fear  of  Refugee  raids  at  night. 

After  completing  their  work  of  destruction,  the  two 
barges  proceeded  down  Forked  River  to  its  mouth,  when 
one  went  up  the  bay,  while  the  other  with  Davenport 
himself  proceeded  down  the  bay  with  the  intention  of 
destroying  the  salt  works  of  the  Americans  at  Waretown 
and  vicinity.  Davenport  expected  to  meet  with  no  op- 
position, as  he  supposed  no  militia  were  near  enough  to 
check  him.  But  before  he  reached  Oyster  Creek  he  per- 
ceived a  boat  heading  for  him.  His  crew  advised  him  to 
turn  back,  as  they  said  the  other  boat  must  have  some 
advantage  or  they  would  not  venture  to  approach. 

Davenport  told  them  they  could  see  the  other  boat 
had  fewer  men,  and  ridiculed  their  fears.  He  soon  found, 
however,  why  it  was  that  the  American  boat  ventured  to 
attack  them.  Davenport's  men  had  only  muskets  with 
which  to  defend  themselves  ;  the  Americans  had  a  can- 
non or  swivel,  and  when  within  proper  distance  they  dis- 
charged it  with  so  effective  an  aim  that  Davenport,  who 
was  standing  up  in  the  boat,  was  killed  at  the  first  dis- 
charge, and  his  barge  damaged  and  upset  by  his  fright- 
ened crew.  It  happened  that  the  water  was  only  about 
four    feet    deep    and    his    crew  waded  ashore  and  landed 


214        HISTOEI   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

near   Oyster    Creek,  not  far  from  the  place  lately  owned 

by  James  Anderson,  deceased,  and  thus  escaped,  scatter- 
ing themselves  in  various  directions  in  the  woods  and 
swamps.  The  late  John  Collinsof  Barnegat  remembered 
some  of  them  calling  on  his  father  and  other  Quakers 
begging  for  provisions. 

Back  of  Toms  River  is  a  stream  railed  Davenport's 
Branch,  which  some  suppose  to  have  derived  its  name 
from  his  having  places  of  concealment  on  its  banks,  but 
this  is  an  error,  as  the  stream  was  known  before  the  war 
as  "Davenport's  Tavern  Branch." 

Samuel  Brown,  above  named,  after  the  war  removed 
to  Mannahawkin  and  has  many  descendants  now  living 
there  and  elsewhere. 

MANNAHAWKIN  IN  THE  REVOLUTION. 


Mannahawkin,  during  the  Revolution,  was  noted  for 
the  patriotism  of  its  citizens.  From  a  manuscript  origin- 
ally found  in  Congressional  Records,  but  now  in  the 
library  of  the  New  Jersey  Historical  Society,  it  appears 
that  the  militia  company  here  was  called  the  Fifth  Com- 
pany of  Monmouth,  Reuben  F.  Randolph,  captain,  and 
Nathan  Crane,  lieutenant.  Captain  Randolph  was  origi- 
nally from  Middlesex  county.  About  the  time  of  the  war, 
he  kept  the  public  house  at  Mannahawkin.  His  sons, 
Thomas  and  Job,  were  in  his  company.  As  the  names  of 
the  heroic  men  of  his  company  should  be  preserved  as 
far  as  possible,  and  especially  by  their  descendants,  we 
give  a  list  of  such  as  we  have  ascertained. 

FIFTH  COMPANY,  MONMOUTH  MILITIA. 


Reuben  F.  Randolph,  captain ;  Nathan  Crane,  lieu- 
tenant ;  James  Marsh,  ensign. 

Privates — Michael  Bennett,  Jeremiah  Bennett,  Sam- 
uel Bennett,  Israel  Bennington,  Joseph  Brown  1st,  Joseph 
Brown  2d,  Joseph  Camburn,  Thomas  Chamberlain, 
William    Casselman,    Luke  Courtney,  Seth  Crane,  Amos 


THI.    OLD      MAMAT     (II'    RCH 


AXU     PARSONAGE. 


THE   OLD   TENNENT   CHI  RCH.  215 

Cuffee,  David  Howell,  David  Johnson,  Thomas  Johnson, 
David  Jones,  Thomas  Kelson,  Philip  Palmer,  Jr.,  Ben- 
jamin P.  Pearson,  Benjamin  Paul,  Enoch  Read,  Job  Ran- 
dolph, Thomas  Randolph,  David  Smith,  Joseph  Soper, 
Reuben  Soper,  Zachariah  Southard,  Jenny  Sutton,  Lines 
Pangburn,  Sylvester  Tilton. 

Of  the  above,  Reuben  Soper  was  killed  by  the  Refu- 
gees  on  Long  Beach,  in  October,  1782.  He  left  a  son, 
named  Reuben,  who  has  children  still  living,  among 
them  Mrs.  George  \Y.  Lippencott,  of  Tuckerton,  who  has 
preserved  several  interesting  old-time  relics;  and  her 
brother,  ako  named  Reuben  Soper,  inheriting  the  patriot- 
ism of  his  grandfather,  enlisted  in  the  Union  army,  in  the 
Rebellion,  was  mortally  wounded,  and  died  three  weeks 
after  in  Saterlee  hospital.  Lines  Pangburn  was  killed  in 
the  skirmish  at  Mannaha wkin,  December  30th,  1781. 
Sylvester  Tilton  was  dangerously  wounded  at  the  same 
time.  One  of  the  Cranes  was  wounded  near  his  own 
residence. 

THE  OLD  TEXXEXT  CHURCH. 


The  Rev.  J.  F.  Halsey,  who  was  for  two  years  a 
pastor  of  the  church,  wrote  to  the  editor  of  the  Mon- 
mouth D(  moerat  in  1873,  giving  him  information  relating 
to  this  historical  old  church,  which  we  copy.     He  writes: 

"In  the  early  history  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in 
Monmouth  county,  X.  J.,  a  special  meeting  was  held  to 
pray  that  the  Lord  would  send  them  a  minister,  and  at 
that  meeting  a  Mr.  Carr  was  selected  to  go  to  the  Log 
College  (now  Hartsville,  Pa.),  where  the  Father  of  the 
Tennents  preached  and  taught.  Though  it  was  at  har- 
vest time,  so  eager  was  Mr.  Carr  to  execute  his  mission 
that  he  started  the  very  next  day.  When  he  had  made 
known  the  object  of  his  visit,  he  could  get  none  of  the 
sons  to  consent  to  go.  But  as  he  left  to  return  home  he 
said  :  '  So  sure  am  I  that  I  have  come  on  the  Lord's 
errand,  and  that  our  prayers  will  be  favorably  answered, 
that  I  shall  not  reach  home  before  vou  will  send  for  me 


21G  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

and  assure  me  that  1  have  not  taken  this  journey  in  vain,' 

and  so  bid  t  liem  farewell. 

"And  sure  enough,  be  bad  not  gone  on  his  way 
more  than  a  few  miles  before  a  messenger  overtook  him, 
calling  him  back,  and  assured  him  that  Rev.  John  Ten- 
nent  would  return  with  him  as  their  minister,  which  lie 
did.  He  lived  and  labored  anion-;  them  less  than  two 
years,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother,  Rev.  William 
Tennent,  who  labored  at  Freehold  forty-eight  years,  and 
is  buried  in  the  aisle  of  the  church. 

"I  said  that  Mr.  Carr  went  on  his  mission  to  Ney- 
hamings,  Pa.,  leaving  his  harvest  unreaped.  When  the 
farmers  had  hurriedly  gathered  in  theirs,  feeling  that  he 
had  gone  on  their  business  us  well  as  his  own — that  be 
was  the  church's  servant — they  turned  out  and  cut  his 
-rain  for  him,  and  Mr.  C'arr,  on  his  return,  found  it  put 
up  in  shocks  in  the  field.  A  sudden  and  Ion-  rain  com- 
pelled him  to  leave  it  standing  so,  and  so  it  happened 
that  when  the  next  season  for  sowing  arrived  the  best 
seed  grain  was  Mr.  Carr's,  as  his  neighbors  had  gathered 
in  theirs  before  it  was  thoroughly  ripened,  and  many 
applied  to  him  for  seed. 

"  Such  was  the  tradition  told  me  more  than  half  a 
century  ago  by  some  of  my  aged  elders,  who  themselves 
had  been  gathered  into  the  church  under  the  ministry  of 
Rev.  William  Tennent.  J.  F.  Halsfy.'* 

VISITORS  AT  THE  BATTLE  GROUND. 

THE  OLD  TENNENT  CHURCH  AND  PARSONAGE. 

The  author  of  the  Field  Book  of  the  Revolution  says  ; 

"I  visited  the  battle  ground  of  Monmouth  toward 
the  close  of  September,  1850.  and  had  the  good  fortune 
to  be  favored  with  the  company  of  Doctor  John  Wood- 
hull,  of  Freehold,  in  my  ramble  over  that  interesting 
locality.  Dr.  Woodhull  is  the  son  of  the  beloved  minister 
of  that  name  who  succeeded  Rev.  William  Tennent  in  the 
pastorial  care  of  the  congregation  that  worshipped  in  the 
Freehold  meeting-house,  and  who,  for  fortv-six  consecu- 


VISITORS    \  I    THE    BATTLE   GROl  \l'.  'J  I  i 

tive  years,  preached  and  prayed  in  thai  venerated  chapel. 
Dr.  Wbodhull  was  bora  in  the  parsonage  yel  upon  the 
battle  ground,  and  is  so  familiar  with  every  locality  and 
evenl  connected  with  the  conflict,  thai  I  fell  as  if  travers- 
ing the  battle  field  with  an  actor  in  the  scene." 

Mr.  Lossing  aexl  speaks  of  a  beavj  storm  which 
compelled  him  to  take  shelter  in  the  old  Tennenl  church  : 
resting  Ids  portfolio  on  the  bigh  back  of  an  old  |>eu  he 
sketched  a  picture  of  the  neal  monument  erected  to  the 
memory  of  Rev.  John  Woodhull,  I ).  D.,  who  died  No- 
vember 22d,  1824,  aged  80  years.  He  next  refers  to  Key- 
William  Tennent  who  was  pastor  of  that  ilock  for  forty- 
three  years,  and  then  says  : 

"  When  the  storm  abated  we  left  the  church  and 
proceeded  to  the  battle  ground.  The  old  parsonage  is  in 
the  present  possession  of  Mr.  William  T.  Sutphen,  who 
has  allowed  the  parlor  and  study. of  Tennent  and  Wood- 
hull  to  be  used  as  a  depository  of  grain  and  of  agricul- 
tural implements !  The  careless  neglect  which  permits 
a  mansion  so  hallowed  by  religion  and  patriotic  events 
to  fall  into  ruin  is  actual  desecration,  and  much  to  be 
reprehended  and  deplored.  The  windows  are  destroyed, 
the  roof  is  falling  into  the  chambers,  and  in  a  few  years 
not  a  vestige  will  be  left  of  that  venerable  memento  of 
the  'field  of  Monmouth.' 

"We  visited  the  spot  where  Monckton  fell;  the 
place  of  the  causeway  across  the  morass  (now  a  small 
bridge  upon  the  main  road);  and  after  taking  a  general 
view  of  the  whole  ground  of  conflict  and  sketching  a  pic- 
ture, returned  to  Freehold. 

"  It  had  been  to  me  a  day  of  rarest  interest  and 
pleasure,  notwithstanding  the  inclement  weather,  for  no 
battle-field  in  our  country  has  stronger  claims  to  the 
reverence  of  the  American  heart  than  that  of  the  plains 
of  Monmouth.  *  "::"  ""'  *  * 

"The  men  and  women  of  the  Revolution,  but  a  few 
years  since  numerous  in  the  neighborhood  of  Freehold, 
have  passed  away,  but  the  narrative  of  their  trials  during 
the  war  have  left  abiding  records  of   patriotism  upon  the 


218  BISTOEl    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

hearts  of  their  descendants.  I  listened  to  many  talcs 
concerning  the  Pine  Robbers  and  other  desperadoes  of 
the  time,  who  kept  the  people  of  Monmonth  county  in  a 
state  of  continual  alarm.  Many  noble  deeds  of  daring 
were  achieved  by  the  tillers  of  the  soil  and  their  mothers, 
wives  and  sisters ;  and  while  the  field  of  Monmouth 
attested  the  bravery  and  endurance  of  American  soldiers, 
the  inhabitants,  whose  households  were  disturbed  on 
that  memorable  Sabbath  morning  by  the  bugle  and  the 
cannon  peal,  exhibited  in  their  daily  course  the  loftiest 
patriotism  and  manly  courage.  We  will  leave  the  task 
of  recording  the  acts  of  their  heroism  to  the  pen  of  the 
local  historian." 

The  following  item  we  find  published  in  a  magazine: 
"Attention  has  lately  been  called  to  the  condition  of 
the  grave  of  Colonel  Monckton,  in  the  burial  ground  of 
the  Freehold  Meeting  House,  in  Monmouth  county,  N.  J. 
It  should  be  properly  cared  for,  for  Monckton,  though  a 
foemarj  to  the  Americans  when  he  fell  mortally  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Monmouth,  was  a  gallant  officer,  and  a 
man  of  irreproachable  moral  character." 

COLONEL     MONCKTON"     AND     THE     ROYAL     GRENADIERS     iT    THE 
RATTLE    OF    MONMOUTH. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Honorable  H.  Monckton,  gen- 
erally called  Colonel  Monckton,  according  to  both  writ- 
ten and  traditionary  accounts  was  one  of  the  most 
honorable  officers  in  the  service  of  the  British — accom- 
plished, brave,  of  splendid  personal  appearance,  and  of 
irreproachable  moral  character.  He  was  in  the  battle  of 
Long  Island  in  August,  1776,  when  he  was  shot  through 
the  body,  and  lay  for  many  weeks  at  the  point  of  death. 
He  recovered,  and  for  his  gallantry  on  that  occasion  was 
promoted  from  the  Fifth  Company.  Second  ( Grenadiers, 
to  be  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  was  in  command  of  the 
battalion  at  the  Battle  of  Monmouth,  in  which  the  First 
and  Second  Royal  Grenadiers  bore  a  conspicuous  part, 
and  in  a  charge  the  heroic  Monckton  and  the  greater 
part  of  the  officers  of  the  Grenadiers — the  flower  of  the 
British  army — fell  from  a  terrible  tire  from  the  Americans 


VISITORS   AT   THE    BATTLE   GROUND.  219 

under  Genera]  Wayne.  The  spot  where  Colonel  Monck- 
ton  was  killed  is  said  to  be  abouteight  roils  north-east 
of  the  old  parsonage  of  the  Tennent  Church,  and  he  was 
buried  about  six  foot  from  the  west  end  of  the  church. 
About  thirty  years  ago  a  board  was  set  up  to  mark  bis 
grave  by  William  11.  Wilson,  a  native  of  Scotland,  who 
will  long  and  favorably  be  remembered  by  hundreds  of 
citizens  of  Monmouth  and  Ocean  as  a  successful  teacher 
and  for  bis  many  good  qualities  of  head  and  heart.  He 
died  at  Forked  River,  in  Ocean  county,  thirty-five  years 
ago,  and  the  respect  retained  for  him  by  his  old  scholars 
near  the  battle-ground  and  elsewhere  in  Monmouth,  was 
evidenced  by  the  fact  of  their  sending  for  his  body  and 
giving  it  a  suitable  final  resting  place  in  the  vicinity  of 
his  first  labors  in  this  county.  Mr.  Wilson,  or  "Dominie" 
Wilson,  as  he  was  familiarly  called  on  account  of  his 
once  having  boon  a  clergyman,  deserves  a  more  extended 
notice  than  we  have  space  to  give. 

On  the  board  prepared  and  set  np   by  Mr.  Wilson 
was  inscribed  : 

nn     JACET. 

Colonel  Monckton, 
Killed  28  June,   177s. 

w.  b.  \v. 


Mr.  Wilson  may  have  been  induced  to  put  up  the 
board  by  noticing  that  in  the  reminiscences  of  the  battle 
published  by  Henry  Howe,  who  visited  the  ground  in 
18-12,  attention  was  called  to  the  fact  that  no  monument 
marked  the  grave. 

In  1850,  Benson  J.  Lossing  visited  the  battle  ground 
and  made  a  sketch  of  the  head-board  which  wras  given 
in  his  valuable  work,  the  Field  Book  of  the  Revolution, 
and  it  is  also  given  in  a  late  number  of  the  American 
Historical  Record.  Mr.  Lossing  says  that  when  he  visited 
the  grave  "the  only  monument  that  marked  the  spot  was 
a  plain  board  painted  red,  much  weather  worn,  on  which 
was  drawn  in  black  letters  the  inscription  seen  in  the 
picture  given.  The  board  had  been  set  up  some  years 
before    bv    a    Scotch  schoolmaster    named  William  Wil- 


•2"20  HI8T0EI    OF    MONMOUTH     VND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

sun,  who  taught  th«'  young  people  in  the  schoolhouse 
u|)iin  the  green  near  the  old  Meetinghouse."  Tn  speak- 
ing of  Colonel  Monckton  he  says:  "At  the  head  of  his 
grenadiers  on  the  field  of  Monmouth,  he  kept  them  silent 
until  they  were  within  a  few  rods  of  the  Americans,  when 
waving  his  sword  he  shouted,  "Forward  to  the  charge!" 
Our  General  Wayne  was  on  his  front.  At  the  same  mo- 
ment "Mad  Anthony"  gave  a  signal  to  fire.  A  terrible 
volley  poured  destruction  upon  Monckton's  grenadiers 
and  almost  every  British  officer  fell.  Amongst  them  was 
their  brave  leader.  Over  his  body  the  combatants  fought 
desperately  until  the  Americans  secured  it  and  bore  it  to 
the  rear." 

CAPTAIN  MOLLY  PITCHEE. 


HKi;    BRAVERY    AT  FORT   CLINTON    AND    MONMOUTH — 
HER    SAD  END. 

From  various  articles  relating  to  this  noted  woman 
the  following  are  selected: 

"The  story  of  a  woman  who  rendered  essential  ser- 
vice to  the  Americans  in  the  battle  of  Monmouth  is 
founded  on  fact.  She  was  a  female  of  masculine  mould. 
and  dressed  in  a  mongrel  suit,  with  the  petticoats  of  her 
own  sex  and  an  artilleryman's  coat,  cocked  hat  and 
feathers.  The  anecdote  usually  related  is  as  follows: 
Before  the  armies  engaged  in  general  action,  two  of  the 
advanced  batteries  commenced  a  severe  tire  against  each 
other.  As  the  heat  was  excessive,  Molly,  who  was  the 
wife  of  a  cannonier,  constantly  ran  to  bring  her  husband 
water  from  a  neighboring  spring.  While  passing  to  his 
post  she  saw  him  fall  and  on  hastening  to  his  assistance 
found  him  dead.  At  the  same  moment  she  heard  an  of- 
ficer order  the  cannon  to  be  removed  from  its  place,  com- 
plaining he  could  not  fill  his  post  with  as  brave  a  man  as 
had  been  killed.  "No,"  said  the  intrepid  Molly,  fixing 
her  eyes  upon  the  officer,  "the  cannon  shall  not  be  re- 
moved for  the  want  of  some  one  to  serve  it ;  since  my 
brave  husband  is  no  more,  I  will  use  my  utmost  exer- 
tions   to    avenge    his    death."     The  activity  and  courage 


TRIAL  OF  REV.  WILLIAM  TENNENT  FOB   PERJURY.  221 

with  which  she  performed  the  office  of  cannonier  during 
tin1  action,  attracted  the  attention  of  all  who  witnessed 
it,  and  finally  of  Washington  himself,  who  afterward  gave 
her  the  rank  of  lieutenant  and  granted  her  half  pay  dur- 
ing life.  She  wore  an  epaulette  and  was  called  ever  after 
Captain  Molly.     Howes  Collection*. 

Lossing  in  the  Field  Book  of  the  Revolution  thus 
mentions  Molly  Pitcher : 

■■Captain  Molly  was  a  stout,  red-haired,  freckled- 
faced  young  Irish  woman  with  a  handsome,  piercing  eye. 
The  French  officers,  charmed  by  the  story  of  her  bravery, 
made  her  many  presents.  She  would  sometimes  pass 
alone-  the  French  lines  with  her  cocked  hat  and  get  it  al- 
most tilled  with  crowns." 

The  same  writer  visited  the  locality  of  Forts  Mont- 
gomery and  Clinton  on  the  Hudson,  where  Molly  Pitcher 
ended  her  days  and  there  found  old  residents  who  "re- 
membered the  famous  Irish  woman  called  Captain 
Molly,  the  wife  of  a  cannonier  who  worked  a  field  piece 
at  the  battle  of  Monmouth  on  the  death  of  her  husband. 
She  generally  dressed  in  the  petticoats  of  her  sex  with 
an  artilleryman's  coat  over.  She  was  in  Fort  Clinton 
with  her  husband  when  it  was  attacked  in  1777.  When 
the  Americans  retreated  from  the  fort,  as  the  enemy 
scaled  the  ramparts  her  husband  dropped  his  match  and 
tied.  Molly  caught  it  up,  touched  off  the  piece  and  then 
scampered  off.  It  was  the  last  gun  the  Americans  fired 
in  the  fort.  Mrs.  Hose  remembered  her  as  "Dirty  Kate," 
living  between  Fort  Montgomery  and  Buttermilk  Falls, 
at  the  close  of  the  war,  where  she  died  a  horrible  death 
from  syphilitic  disease.  Washington  had  honored  her 
with  a  lieutenant's  commission  for  her  bravery  on  the 
field  of  Monmouth  nearly  nine  months  after  the  battle, 
when  reviewing  its  events." 

THE   REMARKABLE   TRIAL   OF   REV.  WILLIAM 
TENNEXT  FOR  PERJURY. 


The  remarkable   trial  of  Rev.  William  Tennent,  of 


222         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

the  old  'LViiiit'iit  Church,  for  perjury,  took  place  ;it  Tren- 
ton in  1742  before  Chief  Justice   Robert  Hunter  Morris. 

The  indictment  upon  which  Mr.  Tennent  was  tried 
was  one  of  a  series  of  indictments  all  growing  out  of  the 
same  transaction — the  alleged  stealing  of  a  horse  by  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Rowland  ;  and  the  individual  who  was  the  cause 
of  all  the  woes  and  perils  which  befe]  the  unfortunate 
gentlemen  who  were  supposed  to  be  implicated,  was  a 
notorious  scoundrel  named  Tom  Bell,  whose  exploits 
would  not  suffer  by  a  comparison  with  those  of  Jonathan 
Wild  or  Jack  Sheppard.  He  was  an  adept  in  all  the  arts 
of  fraud,  theft,  robbery  and  forgery.  J  Jut  his  chief 
amusement  consisted  in  traveling  from  one  part  of  the 
country  to  another  personating  different  individuals  and 
assuming  a  variety  of  characters.  By  turns  he  was  a 
sailor,  a  merchant,  a  lawyer,  a  doctor,  a  preacher,  and 
sustained  each  character  in  such  a  way  for  a  time  as  to 
impose  on  the  public.  The  late  Judge  Richard  S.  Field, 
in  a  paper  read  before  the  New  Jersey  Historical  Society 
in  1851,  reviewing  the  reports  of  this  remarkable  trial, 
furnished  quite  a  list  of  the  misdeeds  of  this  villian. 

By  far  the  most  brilliant  of  all  Tom  Bell's  achieve- 
ments was  unquestionably  that  out  of  which  grew  the  in- 
dictment of  Rev.  William  Tennent  for  perjury.  It  so 
happened  that  Bell  bore  a  striking  resemblance  to  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Rowland,  a  popular  preacher  of  the  da} ,  and  a 
friend  and  associate  of  Whitfield  and  the  Tennents. 

One  evening  Bell  made  his  appearance  at  a  tavern 
in  Princeton  dressed  in  a  dark  grey  coat.  He  there  met 
John  Stockton,  Esq.,  father  of  Richard  Stockton,  a  signer 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  who,  coming  up  to 
him,  at  once  accosted  him  as  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rowland,  and 
invited  him  to  his  house.  Bell  assured  him  that  he  was 
mistaken — that  his  name  was  not  Rowland.  Mr.  Stock- 
ton acknowledged  his  error,  and  told  him  it  proceeded 
from  the  very  close  resemblance  he  bore  to  that  gentle- 
man. This  link  was  enough  for  Tom  Bell.  It  at  once 
occurred  to  him  that  here  was  a  chance  for  playing  one 
of  his  tricks.     The   very  next  day  he  went  into  what  was 


TRIAL  OF  REV.   WILLI  \  M    l  ENNEN1    FOB  PERJURY.  116 

then  the  county  of  Hunterdon  and  stopped  al  a  place 
where  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rowland  had  occasionally  preached, 
luit  where  be  was  iiol  well  known.  Here  be  introduced 
himself  as  Mr.  Rowland,  was  invited  to  the  house  of  a 
gentleman  in  the  neighborhood,  and  asked  to  preach  on 
the  following  Sabbath.  He  consented  to  do  so,  and 
notice  to  thai  effeci  was  accordingly  given.  When  the 
day  arrived  he  accompanied  the  ladies  to  church  in  the 
family  wagon,  while  the  master  rode  alongside  on  a  \.m\ 
tin,,  horse.  As  they  approached  the  church,  Bell  sud- 
denly discovered  that  he  had  left  his  notes  behind  him, 
and  proposed  riding  Lack  after  them  on  the  tine  hois,.. 
This  was  at  once  agreed  to,  and  Bell  mounted  the  horse, 
rode  hack  to  the  house,  rifled  the  desk  of  his  host  and 
took  his  departure,  leaving  the  assembled  congregation 
to  wonder  what  had  become  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rowland. 

We  may  imagine  the  satisfaction  which  Bell  must 
have  derived  from  this  exploit.  Mr.  Rowland  was  a  noted 
preacher  of  great  pungency  and  power,  and  thundered 
the  terrors  of  the  law  against  all  impenitent  sinners.  He 
was  called  by  the  professed  wits  of  the  day  "Hell  Fire 
Rowland."  He  was  literally  a  terror  to  evil-doers,  and 
therefore  it  may  be  presumed  an  object  of  pecuHar  aver- 
sion to  Tom  Bell.  The  idea  then  of  bringing  such  a  man 
into  disgrace  and  at  the  same  time  of  pursuing  Ins 
favorite  occupation  must  have  been  doubly  pleasing  to 

him. 

Rev.  Mr.  Rowland  was  at  this  time  absent  from  New 
Jersey.  He  had  gone  for  the  purpose  of  preaching  in 
Pennsylvania  or  Maryland  in  company  with  Rev.  William 
Tennent  and  two  pious  laymen  of  the  county  of  Hunter- 
don by  the  names  of  Joshua  Anderson  and  Benjamin 
Stevens,  members  of  a  church  contiguous  to  the  one  at 
which  Tom  Bell  proposed  to  officiate.  As  soon  as  they 
returned,  Mr.  Rowland  was  charged  with  the  robbery  of 
the  horse.  At  the  next  term  of  Oyer  and  Terminer  for 
Hunterdon  county  an  indictment  was  preferred  against 

him. 

Great  was  the  excitement  produced  by  this  event, 


"Jk24         HISTORY.    OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

owing  in  part  to  the  peculiar  state  of  the  Colony  at  the 
time.  Through  the  labors  of  Mr.  Whitfield  and  his  asso- 
ciates, among  whom  were  Messrs.  Tennent  and  Rowland, 
a  great  revival  of  religion  had  taken  place  in  the 
Provinces  But  there  was  a  party  in  the  Colony  who 
were  very  hostile  to  this  religious  movement,  who  de- 
nounced its  authors  as  fanatics  and  enthusiasts,  and 
some  of  whom  did  not  hesitate  to  brand  them  as  hypo- 
crites and  imposters.  Conspicuous  among  this  party 
was  the  Chief  Justice,  Robert  H.  Morris,  who,  whatever 
claim  he  may  have  had  to  respect,  was  certainly  not  dis- 
tinguished either  for  religion  or  morality.  To  such  men 
this  charge  against  Mr.  Rowland,  one  of  the  preachers 
who  were  turning  everything  upside  down,  was  of  course 
occasion  of  great  triumph  and  rejoicing,  and  the  most 
strenuous  efforts  made  to  procure  Iris  conviction.  The 
Grand  Jury  at  first  refused  to  find  a  bill  against  him,  but 
they  were  reproved  by  the  Court  and  sent  out  again. 
They  again  returned  without  an  indictment,  but  the 
Court  sent  them  out  a  second  time  with  threats  of  pun- 
ishment if  they  persisted  in  their  refusal,  and  then  they 
consented  to  find  a  true  bill. 

Thus  Mr.  Rowland  was  subjected  to  the  ignominy  of 
a  trial.  A  clear  case  was  made  out  on  the  part  of  the 
prosecution.  A  large  number  of  witnesses  swore  posi- 
tively that  he  was  the  identical  person  who  had  commit- 
ted the  robbery.  On  the  other  hand,  the  defendants 
called  as  witnesses  Messrs.  Tennent,  Anderson  and 
Stevens,  who  testified  that  on  the  very  day  on  which  the 
robbery  was  committed  they  were  in  company  with  Mr. 
Rowland  at  some  place  in  Pennsylvania  or  Maryland, 
and  heard  him  preach.  An  alibi  being  thus  clearly 
proved,  the  jury  without  hesitation  acquitted  him. 

But  still  the  public  mind  was  not  satisfied.  The  per- 
son whose  horse  had  been  stolen  and  whose  house  had 
been  robbed  was  so  convinced  that  Mr.  Rowland  was  the 
robber,  and  so  many  individuals  had,  as  they  supposed, 
seen  him  in  possession  of  the  horse  that  it  was  resolved 
not    to   let  the  matter  drop.      Messrs.  Tennent,  Anderson 


TRIAL  OF  REV.   WILLIAM  TENNENT  FOH  PEIUURY.  ±1- 

and  Stevens  were  therefore  arraigned  before  the  Courl 
of  Quarter  Sessions,  of  Hunterdon,  upon  the  charge  of 
having  sworn  falsely  upon  the  crial  of  Mr.  Rowland,  and 
indictments  were  found  againsl  each  of  them  for  perjury. 
These  indictments  were  all  removed  to  the  Supreme 
Court.  Anderson,  const  ions  of  his  innocence  and  un- 
willing to  be  under  the  imputation  of  such  a  crime,  de- 
manded his  trial  at  the  next  term  of  Oyer  and  Terminer. 
What  evidence  lie  offered  in  liis  defence  does  not  appear, 
but  he  was  convicted  and  condemned  to  stand  one  hour 
on  the  Court  House  steps  with  a  paper  on  his  breast 
\\  hereon  was  written  in  large  letters,  "This  is  for  wilful 
and  corrupt  perjn /■_//."  The  trials  of  Tennent  and  Stevens 
were  postponed. 

Tennent  we  are  told,  being  entirely  unused  to  legal 
matters  and  knowing  no  person  by  whom  he  could  prove 
his  innocence,  had  no  other  resource  but  to  submit  him- 
self to  Divine  will,  and  thinking  it  not  unlikely  that  he 
might  be  convicted,  had  prepared  a  sermon  to  preach 
from  the  pillory.  True,  he  employed  Mr.  John  Coxe,  an 
eminent  lawyer  of  the  Province  to  assist,  and  when  he 
arrived  at  Trenton  he  found  Mr.  William  Smith,  one  of 
the  most  distinguished  members  of  the  New  York  bar, 
who  had  voluntarily  attended  on  his  behalf;  and  Mr. 
Tenuent's  brother  Gilbert,  who  was  then  pastor  of  a 
church  iu  Philadelphia,  had  brought  with  him  Mr.  John 
Kinsey,  an  eminent  lawyer  of  that  city,  to  aid  in  his  de- 
fence. But  what  could  they  do  without  evidence  ?  When 
Mr.  Tennent  was  desired  by  his  counsel  to  call  on  his 
witnesses  that  they  might  examine  them  before  going  into 
Court,  he  declared  he  knew  no  witnesses  but  God  and 
his  conscience.  His  counsel  assured  him,  that  however 
well  founded  this  confidence  might  be,  and  however  im- 
portant befor|  a  heavenly  tribunal,  it  would  not  avail 
him  in  an  earthly  court.  And  they  therefore  urged  that 
an  application  should  be  made  to  postpone  the  trial.  But 
this  he  would  by  no  means  consent  to.  They  then  in- 
formed him  they  had  discovered  a  flaw  in  the  indictment 
and  proposed  that  advantage  should  be  taken  of  it.    (Mr. 


226  HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH     \M>   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Stevens  took  advantage  of  this  flaw  and  was  cleared.) 
Mr.  Tennent  resisted  with  great  vehemence,  saying  it  was 
another  snare  of  the  devil,  and  before  lie  would  consent 
to  it  he  would  suffer  death.  In  the  meantime  the  bell 
summoned  them  to  the  Court.  While  on  the  way  to  the 
Court  House  Mr.  Tennent  is  said  to  have  met  a  man  and 
his  wife  who  stopped  and  asked  if  his  name  was  Tennent. 
He  said  it  was.  and  begged  to  know  if  they  had  any  busi- 
ness with  him.  They  replied,  "You  know  best."  They 
then  informed  him  that  they  resided  in  a  certain  place  in 
Pennsylvania  or  Maryland,  and  that  upon  one  occasion 
he  in  company  with  Rowland,  Anderson  and  Stevens  had 
lodged  at  their  house  ;  that  on  the  following  day  they 
had  heard  him  and  Rowland  preach ;  that  some  nights 
before  they  left  home,  they  had  each  of  them  dreamed 
that  Mr.  Tennent  was  at  Trenton  in  the  greatest  possible 
distress,  and  that  it  was  in  their  power,  and  in  theirs 
alone  to  relieve  him  ;  that  this  dream  was  twice  repeated 
and  in  precisely  the  same  manner  to  each  of  them,  and 
that  it  made  so  deep  an  impression  on  their  minds  that 
they  had  at  once  set  off  upon  a  journey  to  Trenton,  aud 
were  there  to  know  of  him  what  they  were  to  do.  Mr- 
Tennent  handed  them  over  to  his  counsel,  who,  to  their 
astonishment,  found  that  their  testimony  was  entirely 
satisfactory.  Soon  after,  Mr.  John  Stockton,  who  mis- 
took Tom  Bell  for  Rev.  Mr.  Rowland,  also  appeared  and 
was  examined  as  a  witness  for  Mr.  Tennent.  In  short 
the  evidence  was  so  clear  and  conclusive,  that,  notwith- 
standing the  most  strenuous  exertion  of  the  Attorney- 
General  to  procure  a  conviction,  the  jury  without  hesita- 
tion acquitted  Mr.  Tennent. 

TOMS  RIVER  DURING  THE  REVOLUTION. 


RESIDENTS    IN    THE    VILLAGE    AND    VICINITY. 

Major  John  Cook,  who  was  killed  in  the  action  at 
tlie  Block  House,  was  a  captain  in  the  Second  Regiment, 
Monmouth,  and  appointed  Second  Major  in  same  regi- 
ment, October  13, 1777,  probably  to  succeed  James  Mott, 


TOMS  KIVKi;  DURING  THE  REVOLUTION.  227 

who  Lived  at  one  time  Dear  Toms  River.      Public  sali 
privateers  and  their  cargoes  were  sometimes  held  at   his 
house.     The    following    notice   in  reference  to  the  settle- 
ment   of   his    estate    was    published  in  the  New  Jersey 
Gazette,  January  22,  1783  : 

"All  persons  indebted  to  the  estate  of  Major  John 
Cook,  late  of  Toms  River,  deceased,  are  hereby  request.  .  I 
to  settle  their  respective  accounts,  on  or  before  the  10th 
day  of  February  next,  as  this  is  the  last  notice  they  are 
to  expect  from 

Thomas  Cook, 

Administrator. 

N.  B. — On  said  day  the  above  administrator  will  at- 
tend at  George  Cook's  tavern  at  Cross  wicks,  in  order  to 
adjust  matters  agreeable  to  law ;  also  to  receive  all  de- 
mands against  said  estate  that  shall  be  properly  proven!" 

John  Coward,  before  and  during  the  early  part  of 
the  war,  was  a  prominent  business  man  at  Toms  River 
and  quite  an  extensive  owner  of  timber  land.  He  was  as- 
sociated for  a  time  with  James  Randolph.  He  died, 
probably  in  1779.  His  executors  were  James  Randolph 
and  Tobias  Hendrickson,  who  published  the  following 
notice  in  January,  1780  : 

"To  be  sold  at  public  vendue,  on  Tuesday,  February, 
1780,  at  the  house  of  Daniel  Griggs  at  Toms  River, 
seventy  acres  of  very  good  young  green  cedar  swamp, 
very  handy  to  water  carriage,  on  the  branches  of  Cedar 
Creek,  late  the  property  of  John  Coward,  deceased.  At- 
tention will  be  given  for  several  days  before  the  sale  at 
Toms  River  to  show  the  premises.  The  land  will  be  sold 
as  best  suits  the  purchasers,  as  to  quantity  and  attention 
will  be  given  by 

"James  Randolph, 
"Tobias  Hendkicksox, 

Executors." 

James  Randolph,  just  before  and  during  the  early 
part  of  the  war,  was  perhaps  more  extensively  engaged 
in  lumber  and  other  business  than  any  other  person  in 
the  vicinity  of  Toms  River.    He  was  an  executor  of  John 


228  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Coward  ami  at  the  sale  of  some  timber  land  belonging  to 
the  estate  of  Coward,  in  February,  1780,  Randolph  adver- 
tised also  to  sell  property  of  his  own  as  follows  : 

"The  subscriber  has  for  sale  a  very  good  farm,  in 
situation  convenient  for  salt  works  near  Toms  River,  with 
near  three  hundred  acres  of  good  salt  meadows,  which 
will  support  one  hundred  head  of  cattle,  and  is  exceeding 
handy  for  fish  and  oysters.  Also  a  good  saw  mill  with 
a  large  quantity  of  valuable  cedar  swamp  to  said  mill. 
They  will  be  sold  at  private  sale  before  vendue,  or  on 
that  day,  or  any  day  after,  when  any  purchaser  shall 
offer,  and  a  good  title  made. 

"James  Randolph. 

"  December  30,  1779." 

He  probably  died  about  the  latter  part  of  1781,  or 
early  part  of  1782.  The  following  substance  of  a  notice 
published  in  March,  1782,  regarding  the  settlement  of  his 
estate,  gives  an  idea  of  the  extent  of  his  business  : 

"To  be  sold  at  public  vendue,  on  Monday,  April  29, 
1782,  at  the  house  of  Samuel  Forman,  inn  keeper,  Upper 
Freehold,  the  following  tracts  of  land  of  estate  of  James 
Randolph,  late  of  Monmouth  County: 

"  One  plantation  at  Mosquito  Lane,  containing  350 
acres,  the  greater  part  salt  meadows,  with  a  frame 
dwelling  house,  salt  works,  good  fishery,  Arc.  One 
saw  mill  in  Davenport  (mouth  of  Wrangle  Creek)  near 
Toms  River,  goes  with  two  saws,  together  with  pine 
and  cedar  lands.  Two-fifths  of  a  new  saw  mill  and  four- 
fifths  of  land  adjoining,  near  James  Randolph's  late 
dwelling,  held  in  partnership  with  Tobias  Hendrickson. 
Eighteen  or  twenty  lots  of  cedar  swamp  in  Wrangle 
Creek,  Union,  Horricone,  Lenkers,  <fec. 

"Apply  to  Tobias  Hendrickson,  near  the  late  dwelling 
of  James  Randolph,  or  to  Benjamin  Randolph,  Chestnut 
street,  Philadelphia.  Signed  by  Benjamin  Randolph  and 
Tobias  Hendrickson,  who  were  his  executors.  Part  of 
his  estate,  the  Mosquito  Lane  plantation,  was  again  ad- 
vertised to  be  sold  the  following  year,  June,  1783." 

There  was  a  James  Randolph  in  the  militia  of  Mon- 


TOMS    HVEB    DURING     I  H I     REVOLUTION.  229 

mouth,  possibly  the  same. 

Daniel  Randolph,  Esquire,  wras  among  the  prisoners 

taken  at  the  Block  House  in  March,  1782.  A  person  of 
this  name  lived  at  Freehold,  d< >wn  to  within  two  years 
previous  to  tin'  burning  of  Toms  River.  Sales  were  ad- 
vertised to  take  place  at  his  house  at  Freehold  in  1780. 
The  appearance  of  the  same  name  at  Toms  River,  short- 
ly after  the  decease  of  James  Randolph,  suggests  the  pos- 
sibility of  his  being  a  relative,  and  that  he  came  to  Toms 
River  on  business  connected  with  the  care  or  settlement 
of  the  estate  of  James. 

James  Attin  must  have  been  somewhat  prominent  at 
Toms  River  in  the  early  part  of  the  war,  judging  from 
the  following  advertisement  published  in  the  New  Jersey 
Gazette.  He  may  have  been  from  Middlesex  county 
where  the  surname  was  not  unusual.  His  advertisement 
was  as  follows  : 

"  To  be  sold  at  vendue,  on  Monday,  the  6th  day  of 
September,  1779,  at  the  house  of  the  subscriber  in  the 
township  of  Dover  and  county  of  Monmouth,  viz:  200 
acres  of  pine  land,  well  timbered,  about  two  miles  below 
Toms  River  Bridge  ;  50  head  of  cattle,  40  sheep,  6  horses, 
10  hogs  and  8  negroes,  a  set  of  blacksmith's  tools,  200 
bushels  of  wheat  and  rye,  20  acres  of  Indian  corn,  a 
quantity  of  tanned  leather  and  tar,  a  variety  of  farming 
utensils  and  household  goods  too  tedious  to  mention. 
Same  time  will  be  sold  a  valuable  plantation,  with  a 
great  quantity  of  fresh  and  salt  meadows ;  a  grist  and 
saw  mill,  with  plenty  of  timber ;  a  valuable  fishery,  with 
400  acres  of  land.  All  may  be  entered  upon  immediately. 
For  terms,  apply  to  the  subscriber  on  the  premises. 

"John  Attin. 

"August  18,  1779." 

The  offering  for  sale  of  eight  negroes,  recalls  a  dif- 
ference between  then  and  now. 

Abiel  Aldus,  who,  for  many  years  was  the  principal 
Justice  of  the  Peace  at  Toms  River,  lived  during  the 
war,  according  to  a  tradition  of  old  residents,  on  the 
south  side  of   Toms  River,  on   the    place    formerly  the 


230  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

residence  of  Anthony  Ivins  and  subsequently  of  A.  P. 
Stanton.  His  house  was  a  stopping  place  for  Eev.  Ben- 
jamin Abbott,  a  pioneer  of  Methodism.  It  was  burned 
by  the  British  at  the  time  when  the  village  was  burned. 
It  is  said  that  he  subsequently  resided  on  the  north  side 
of  the  river  below  the  bridge.  His  ancestry  is  noticed  in 
the  sketch  of  the  Akin  family.  For  almost  a  generation 
he  seemed  to  have  performed  most  of  the  marriage  cere- 
monies in  his  vicinity.  The  following  were  some  parties 
married  by  him  : 

Dillon  Wilbur  to  Leucretia  Bird,  October  14,  1795. 
William   Runnels   (Reynolds  ?)   to  Leonah  Francis, 
August  10,  1795. 

Gilbert  Lane  to  Sarah  Aumack,  January  10,  1796. 
Abel  Piatt  to  Melah  Letts,  March  26,  1796. 
David  Rogers  to  Susannah  Chadwick,  May  1,  1796. 
James  Wilber  to  Elizabeth  Hopkins,  June  26,  1796. 
Jacob  Applegate  to  Margaret  Luker,  July  10,  1796. 
About  1808  the  Legislature  passed  a  law  for  the  re- 
lief of  Abiel  Aldus,  as  he  had  met  with  reverses  in  busi- 
ness. 

Moses  Robbins  was  a  matross  in  Captain  Huddy's 
companv,  and  was  seriously  wounded  in  the  action  at  the 
Block  House.  He  was  one  of  the  first  to  have  a  dwelling 
erected  after  the  village  was  burned,  and  the  sale  of  a 
captured  prize  was  advertised  to  take  place  at  his  house 
in  March,  1783.  In  1792  he  purchased  timber  land  back 
of  Toms  River,  and  Holmes  &  Robbins'  mill  is  mentioned 
the  same  year.  In  1795  his  heirs  had  a  tract  on  the 
road  from  Toms  River  to  Schenck's  Mill,  sold.  From 
this  it  would  seem  probable  that  he  died  between  1792 
and  1795.  In  the  early  part  of  the  present  century  Elijah 
Robbins  owned  the  land  on  which  the  Block  House  had 
been  situated. 

A  matross  was  a  member  of  an  artillery  company 
who  assisted  in  loading  cannon,  and  also  carried  a 
musket. 

Aaron  Buck  was  one  of  the  two  persons  in  the  vil- 
lage who  had  the  fortune  of  having  their  houses  spared 


TOMS    KIVKK    DURING    THE    REV0L1  TION.  231 

when  the  village  was  burned.     It  is  supposed  this  was 

because  lie  was  related  to  the  Refugee,  William  Dillon, 
the  pilot  of  the  British,  Buck  having  married  a  daughter 
of  Dillon's  brother.  Mrs.  Studson's  house  was  the 
other  spared,  and  her  house  and  Buck's  afforded  a  tem- 
porary refuge  for  the  unfortunate  women  and  children 
whose  homes  had  been  burned  by  the  British.  Before 
the  war  he  was  a  land  owner,  and  in  1765  sold  a  tract 
near  Toms  River  to  Albertio  Shockelia.  He  had  two 
daughters,  one  of  whom  married  Judge  Ebenezer  Tucker, 
for  whom  Tuckerton  was  named,  and  the  other  married 
John  Rogers,  ancestor  of  most  of  the  Rogers  family  from 
Toms  River  to  Cedar  Creek.  It  is  said  that  Aaron  Buck 
was  captain  of  a  coasting  vessel  after  the  war,  and 
eventually  committed  suicide  by  hanging  himself  on  the 
rigging  of  his  vessel  as  she  lay  in  Toms  River. 

Captain  Ephraim  Jenkins,  according  to  tradition, 
lived  in  the  village  of  Toms  River,  and  his  dwelling  was 
among  those  burned  by  the  British  in  1782.  It  is  sup- 
posed that  he  was  killed  in  the  action  at  the  Block  House, 
and  his  family  was  left  unprovided  for.  One  of  his  child- 
ren was  taken  care  of  by  one  of  the  Prices  at  Goodluck, 
ancestor  of  Dr.  T.  T.  Price,  of  Tuckerton.  Captain  Jen- 
kins was  commissioned  captain  in  Colonel  Asher  Holmes' 
battalion,  June  14,  1780. 

Captain  Joshua  Studson,  who  was  killed  by  the 
Refugee  John  Bacon,  December  1,  1780,  lived  along  the 
edge  of  the  river,  just  belowT  the  bridge.  He  was  ap- 
pointed a  lieutenant  in  Colonel  Asher  Holmes'  battalion, 
June  14,  1780,  and  was  also  a  captain  in  the  privateer 
service.  In  the  latter  part  of  1780  he  took  two  prizes, 
the  schooner  "John"  and  the  sloop  "Catharine,"  on  the 
south  side  of  Staten  Island.  The  Admiralty  Court,  to 
adjust  his  prize  claims,  was  appointed  to  be  held  at 
Mount  Holly,  January  1,  1781.  Just  a  month  before  this 
lie  was  killed.  It  is  said  that  a  few  years  after  his  death 
his  widow  married  a  man  at  Toms  River  named  Cham- 
berlain. 

James  Lippencott's  house  was  one  at  which  sales  took 


232         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

place  during  the  war.  In  1791  Samuel  Pease  (Pearce  ?) 
and  wife  sold  to  James  Lippencott  land  in  old  Dover 
township.  And  in  1792  James  Lippencott  .bought  land 
of  William  Cox  and  wife,  Richard  Smith  and  wife,  William 
Smith  and  wife,  John  Hoskins,  Sr.,  and  John  Hoskins, 
Jr.,  and  Edward  Pole,  all  in  same  township. 

James  Mott,  Jr.,  was  another  pvominent  man  around 
Toms  River  during  the  early  part  of  the  war.  He  proba- 
bly lived  easterly  of  the  village  on  the  bay,  on  or  adjoin- 
ing the  place  subsequently  owned  by  the  late  James 
Cook.  His  property  is  thus  described  in  an  advertise- 
ment published  in  Collins  Neu)  Jersey  Gazette  in  Septem- 
ber, 1779 : 

"  To  l»  Sold:  A  valuable  tract  of  land  adjoining 
Barnegat  Bay,  near  Toms  River,  in  the  town  of  Dover, 
Monmouth  county,  containing  about  1,000  acres,  about 
280  acres  of  salt  meadow,  30  acres  of  cedar  swamp  (part 
of  which  is  very  good),  about  50  acres  of  upland,  cleared 
and  fenced  with  cedar ;  a  new  frame  dwelling  house 
thereon,  20  feet  by  26,  with  two  fire-places  on  first  floor, 
and  a  stone  cellar  under  the  same  ;  also  a  kitchen  ad- 
joining, 16  feet  square,  with  a  brick  oven,  and  a  well  at 
the  door ;  the  remainder  woodland.  The  land  is  good 
for  rye,  Indian  corn,  for  raising  stock,  and  is  as  well  situ- 
ated for  manufacturing  salt  as  any  in  New  Jersey.  It 
will  be  sold  together  or  be  divided,  as  shall  suit  pur- 
chaser. For  terms  apply  to  Abiel  Akins,  Esq.,  at  Toms 
River,  or  to  the  subscriber  on  the  premises. 

"James  Mott,  Jr." 

In  March  the  same  advertisement  in  substance  was 
published,  but  application  to  be  made  to  Joseph  Salter, 
Toms  River,  and  "to  be  sold  for  Continental  bills  of 
credit  or  loan  certificates." 

There  was  a  James  Mott  captain  in  the  militia, 
stationed  at  Toms  River.  He  was  appointed  major,  and 
resigned  June  18,  1776.  In  1776,  James  Mott  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  from  Monmouth.  The  name 
appears  as  a  property  owner  in  Middletown,  1778  and 
1790,  and  also  in  Shrewsbury  township.  He  purchased 
land  in  Dover  township  in  1795.  He  was  probably  re- 
lated to  Joseph  Salter,  who  at  one  time  owned  a  tract  on 


roara  i;i\  ii;  di  ring  the  revoli  tion.  233 

the  bay,  possibly  the  same  advertised  by  Mott,  as  Joseph 
Salter  married  a  Mutt. 

Edward  Thomas,  of  Black  E^orse,  Burlington  county, 
owned  a  place  adjoining  James  Mutt's,  which  lie  thus  de- 
scribed  in  an  advertisement  published  in  1777: 

"A  plantation  in  Dover  township,  adjoining  Barne- 
gai  Bay,  bounded  1>\  Lands  of  James  Mott  and  Pennsyl- 
vania Salt  Works;  301)  acres,  7<>  acres  salt  meadows, 
remainder  good  timber  hind;  soil  good  for  corn  and  rve. 
and  with  small  expense  (by  bringing  seaweed)  will  be 
good  for  raising  wheat.  On  it  a  log  house,  also  a  cellar 
due-  and  walled, '20  by  26,  and  frame  timber,  &c,  sufficient 
to  build.     Well  located  for  erecting  salt  works." 

Edward  Thomas  was  a  member  of  the  militia  com- 
pany that  came  alone-  shore  in  pursuit  of  the  Refugee 
Bacon,  and  finally  killed  him  near  West  Creek. 

-Joseph  Salter  at  one  time  owned  a  place  near  the 
bay,  possibly  the  same  once  owned  by  James  Mott,  to 
whom  he  was  related  by  marriage.  He  was  at  Toms 
1  liver  as  early  as  1774,  and  a  relative,  Thomas  Salter,  had 
purchased  considerable  land  in  the  township  twenty-rive 
or  thirty  years  before.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Provin- 
cial Assembly  in  177").  He  was  appointed  Lientenant- 
Colonel  in  the  militia,  but  soon  resigned.  In  the  minutes 
of  the  New  Jersey  Provincial  Congress,  October  '21,  177"), 
it  is  stated  that — 

"  Joseph  Salter,  Esquire,  having  returned  his  com- 
mission of  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  Second  Regiment  of 
Militia  for  the  County  of  Monmouth,  and  desired  leave 
to  resign  the  same  : 

"Resolved  unanimo'usly,  that  his  resignation  be  ac- 
cepted." 

His  first  wife  was  Sally,  daughter  of  Samuel  Holmes} 
by  whom  he  had  a  son  William.  His  second  wife  was 
Huldah  Mott,  by  whom  he  had  several  children,  some 
of  whom  came  into  possession  of  the  place  at  Toms 
River,  which  eventually  was  purchased  by  James  Cook, 
who  in  18.~)(.l  sold  the  same  to  Gavin  Brackenridge,  who 
in  turn  sold  it  to  Thomas  Gilford,  and  in  the  description 
of  the  land  occurs  the  following  clause : 

"  Excepting    thereout   one   hundred   and   fifty   acres 


234  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

lying  on  the  west  side,  conveyed  by  Sarah  Salter,  Eliza- 
beth Salter,  Margaret  Salter  and  Hannah  Salter  to  Garret 
Irons,  which  said  tract  of  land  is  henceforth  to  be  de- 
scribed and  known  by  the  name  of  Ballantrae." 

Ballantrae  means  a  settlement  or  place  by  the  sea  or 
water  ;  an  appropriate  name  for  the  tract. 

Joseph  Salter  was  summoned  before  the  Council  of 
Safety  in  April,  1777,  and  Isaac  Potter  and  Daniel  Griggs, 
of  Toms  River,  gave  some  evidence  against  him,  of  which 
the  purport  is  not  given,  and  he  was  committed  to  Bur- 
lington jail. 

John  Lawrence,  who  was  committed  to  the  same  jail 
the  same  week,  was  charged  with  high  treason.  He  was 
an  agent  to  furnish  British  protection  papers. 

Possibly  Salter  had  accepted  papers  giving  British 
protection,  but  in  October  of  the  same  year  he  took  the 
oath  to  the  Provincial  Government,  and  was  released. 
He  remained  about  Toms  Paver  until  about  May,  1779, 
when  he  removed  elsewhere.  It  is  said  that  he  founded 
Atsion  Furnace,  in  Burlington  county,  in  1770.  His  son 
Richard  lived  at  Toms  River  in  the  early  part  of  the 
present  century.  He  had  a  son  James,  who  was  proba- 
bly the  James  Salter,  treasurer  of  the  Stat-  of  New  Jer- 
sey in  1799,  and  who  died  December  19,  1803. 

Captain  Samuel  Bigelow  was  engaged  in  the  privateer 
business,  and  some  of  his  prizes  are  noticed  in  the 
account  of  Privateering  at  Toms  Biver.  He  seems  at 
times  to  have  had  charge  of  barges,  or  whale-boats,  then 
in  common  use  by  both  Americans  and  British  for  ser- 
vice in  bays  and  on  the  ocean  near  the  inlets.  He  is 
rated  as  "mariner"  in  the  roster  of  officers  and  men  of 
the  Revolution.  His  residence  is  described  in  a  survey 
made  in  1773.  as  on  the  north  side  of  Wrangle  Brook, 
thirty  chains  above  Randolph's  saw-mill,  which  was  at 
the  junction  of  Wrangle  Brook  with  Davenport. 

Edward  Wilbur  took  up  land  before  the  war,  in  1762, 
three-quarters  of  a  mile  north  of  Toms  River.  When 
the  village  was  burned  in  1782,  the  house  of  a  Wilbur, 
situated  about  the  same  distance  from  the  river,  was  not 


TOMS    RIVER    DURING    THE    REVOLUTION.  235 

burned,  possibly  because  it   was  too  Ear  off,  or  becausi 

related  to  the  Dillon  family,  as  Dillon  Wilbur,  somewhat 
prominent  just  after  the  war,  received  bis  name  from  the 
Dillon  family. 

John  Wilbur  was  a  member  of  Captain  Joshua  Hud- 
dy's  company,  and  was  rated  as  a  matross. 

James  Dillon  was  quite  noted  around  Toms  River 
before  the  war.  In  1761  he  took  up  land  above  Toms 
River  on  one  of  its  branches.  In  1762  he  was  taxed  10s. 
3d.  In  1763,  it  is  said,  he  claimed  to  own  "Toms 
Island,"  subsequently  known  as  Dillon's  Island.  He 
had  a  daughter  who  married  Aaron  Buck,  and  it  is  proba- 
ble" he  was  related  to  the  Wilbur  family,  as  a  member  of 
it  was  named  Dillon  Wilbur. 

William  Dillon,  the  noted  Refugee  scoundrel,  was 
imprisoned  at  one  time  in  Freehold  Jail  under  sentence 
of  death,  but  was  either  pardoned  or  escaped,  probably 
the  latter,  as  he  soon  after  appeared  at  Toms  River  as  a 
Refugee  pilot.  He  engaged  in  contraband  trade  between 
New  York  and  Egg  Harbor,  and  his  vessel  was  captured 
by  Captain  Grey,  a  New  Englander,  who  came  in  his 
vessel  to  Toms  River.  The  Admiralty  Court,  to  try  the 
claim  of  the  captors  of  Dillon's  vessel,  was  called  at 
Freehold,  by  notice  signed  by  Esquire  Abiel  Akins,  to 
meet  March  16,  1782.  Within  a  week  after,  Dillon  was 
piloting  the  British  expedition  which  burned  Toms 
River.  After  the  war  he  left  with  other  Refugees  for  St. 
Johns,  New  Brunswick,  where  he  was  in  1783  given  town 
lot  number  1,019. 

Benjamin  Johnson,  just  before  the  war,  and  proba- 
bly  during  the  war,  lived  in  the  north  or  north-easterly 
1  .art  of  the  village.  A  person  of  the  same  name  had  a 
dwelling  house  on  the  south  side  of  Toms  River,  towards 
Sloop  Creek,  in  1741,  some  thirty  odd  years  before  the 
war.  Benjamin  Johnson  is  named  as  deceased  in  a  sur- 
vey in  1788.  The  family  appears  to  have  been  among 
the  earliest  settlers  in  the  vicinity  of  Toms  River. 

Benjamin  Smith  lived  on  the  west  side  of  Long  Swamp, 
where  he  built  a  new  house  just  before  the  war.     A  per- 


236  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

son  of  this  name  was  a  member  of  the  mibtia  from  old 
Monmouth.  Members  of  the  Smith  family  were  among 
the  earliest  who  received  patents  for  land  in  what  is  now 
Ocean  county,  sonic  of  whom  resided  in  old  Middletown 
township,  to  which  the  first  members  came  from  Rhode 
Island. 

David  and  Thomas  Luker  were  among  members  of 
the  Monmouth  militia.  The  family  was  among  the  first 
to  settle  at  Toms  River.  Daniel  Luker's  dwelling  is  re- 
ferred to  in  a  survey  in  1747.  Luker's  Ferry,  over  Toms 
River,  is  mentioned  1740  and  subsequently,  and  Luker's 
Branch  and  Luker's  Bridge  also  named  previous  to  the 
Revolution.  The  name  is  generally  given  in  old  records 
of  surveys  as  Luker,  hut  it  is  also  given  as  Lucar  and 
Louker.  The  names  Looker,  Lucar  and  Leuker  apparently 
are  of  the  same  origin.  Among  earliest  settlers  of  Eliza- 
bethtown  were  Lookers,  and  members  located  at  Wood- 
bridge,  in  Middlesex. 

Richard  Bird,  commonly  known  as  "Dick"  Bird, 
the  Refugee,  lived  near  Toms  River,  and  perhaps  of  the 
family  of  William  Bird,  who,  in  1773,  lived  on  the  south 
side  of  Toms  River  at  Eagle's  Point.  About  the  same 
time  John  Bird  lived  near  Forked  River.  "  Dick  "  Bird 
was  killed  during  the  war  by  the  Americans.  He  had 
relatives,  it  seems,  in  the  lower  part  of  what  is  now 
Berkely  township. 

Francis  Jeffrey  owned  land  on  the  south  side  of 
Toms  River,  and  probably  resided  within  a  short  dis- 
tance of  the  village  during  the  war.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Monmouth  militia.  The  name  Francis  has  been 
preserved  in  the  family  for  two  centuries.  John  Jeffreys 
and  Humphrey  Jeffreys  were  also  members  of  the  militia 
during  the  Revolution. 

Edward  Worth  owned  land  on  the  south  side  of 
Toms  River,  and  probably  lived  within  a  ver}T  few  miles 
of  the  village.  John  Worth  was  a  member  of  Captain 
Walton's  Light  Dragoons,  and  William  Worth  was  in  the 
Monmouth  militia  and  also  in  the  Continental  army. 

John  Williams  resided  near  Toms  River,  and  during 


BABNBGAT.  237 

tlic  war  was  interested  in  the  store-house  for  salt  at  Toms 
River,  on  which  he  marked  the  letter  "R"  to  save  it 
from  being  destroyed  by  the  British.  He,  or  a  person  of 
the  same  name,  owned  lands  in  old  Dover  township,  and 
a  saw-mill  on  Cedar  Creek  twenty  years  before  the  war  ; 
also  lands  near  Meteteeouk. 

George  Parker,  John  Parker  and  Joseph  Parker  were 
members  of  Captain  Joshua  Hnddy's  company  in  the 
Block  House.  After  the  war  members  of  the  family  lived 
near  Toms  River.  In  1797  George  Parker  and  Abraham 
Parker  bought  of  Isaac  Gulick  "lauds  at  mouth  of  Toms 
River,  known  as  Dillon's  Island,"  which  they  sold  in  1799 
to  Abel  Middleton,  of  Upper  Freehold.  Benjamin  Par- 
ker had  a  tar  kiln  on  Little  Hurricane  in  1795. 

Jacob  Jacobs  took  up  land  in  1761  east  of  Long 
Swamp,  not  far  from  Dillon's  Island.  The  line  of  his 
land  here  is  referred  to  in  a  survey  in  1775. 

Iu  1760  Jacobs'  saw-mill,  on  the  south  side  of  Toms 
River,  is  named,  and  after  that  date  Jacobs'  branch  and 
Jake's  branch  are  frequently  named,  probably  from  Jacob 
Jacobs.  He  left  Toms  River,  and  iu  1779  he  was  over- 
seer of  Speedwell  saw-mill,  formerly  called  Randle's 
(Randolph's)  mill,  ou  the  east  branch  of  Wading  River, 
which  mill  was  advertised  for  sale  in  February,  1779,  by 
Benjamin  Randolph. 

The  names  of  man}^  of  the  leading  citizens  of  Dover 
township,  as  it  was  at  the  close  of  the  war,  will  be  found 
in  the  extracts  from  the  old  Dover  Town  Book. 

BARNEGAT. 


The  village  of  Barnegat  derives  its  name  from  the 
inlet,  which  was  originally  called  Barende-gat  by  the  first 
Dutch  discoverers  on  our  coast.  Barende-gat,  meaning 
an  inlet  with  breakers,  was  subsequently  corrupted  by 
the  English  to  Barndegat,  aud  finally  to  Barnegat. 

Among  the  first  whites  who  settled  at  Barnegat  and 
vicinity,  tradition  says,  were  Thomas  Timms,  Elisha  Parr, 
Thomas  Lovelady,  Jonas  Tow  (pronounced  like  the  word 


238  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

nvw)  and  a  man  named  Yanll.  Thomas  Lovelady  is  the 
one  from  whom  Lovelady's  island,  aear  Barnegat,  takes 
its  name.  The  first  settlers  seem  generally  to  have 
located  on  the  upland  near  the  meadows,  on  or  near  the 
Collins,  Stokes  and  Mills  farms.  There  was  a  house 
built  on  the  Collins  place  by  Jonas  Tow,  at  least  as  early 
as  1720.  The  persons  named  above  as  the  first  comers, 
do  not  appear  to  have  been  permanent  settlers,  and 
tradition  fails  to  state  what  became  of  any  of  them,  with 
the  exception  of  Jonas  Tow,  who  it  is  said  died  here. 

Among  the  first  permanent  settlers,  it  is  said,  were 
William  and  Levi  Cranmer,  Timothy  Eidgway,  Stephen 
and  Nathan  Birdsall  and  Ebenezer  Mutt  :  and  Ebenezer 
Collins  followed  soon  after.  The  ancestor  of  the  shore 
Bulons  was  also  an  early  settler.  Tradition  says  he  lived 
on  the  road  to  Cedar  Bridge  two  or  three  miles  west  of 
the  present  village  of  Barnegat  and  on  the  place  known 
in  late  years  as  the  Corlies  place. 

The  first  permanent  settlers  at  Barnegat,  as  well  as 
at  other  places  along  shore,  appeared  not  to  have  pur- 
chased titles  of  the  proprietors  until  several  years  after 
they  came.  The  first  land  taken  up  from  the  proprietors, 
it  is  said,  was  the  tract  of  500  acres,  bought  by  Timothy 
Ridgway  and  Levi  Cranmer,  September  9th,  1759,  of 
Oliver  Delancey  and  Henry  Cuvler,  Jr.,  agents  for  the 
proprietor,  William  Dockwra.  This  tract  included  the 
lot  upon  which  the  Quaker  church  is  built,  but  the  main 
portion  lay  south-easterly.  The  land  along  shore  was 
originally  divided  off  into  two  tracts  of  about  a  thousand 
acres,  by  John  Reed,  surveyor,  and  alloted  in  alternate 
divisions  to  the  proprietors  ;  William  Dockwra  having 
for  his  portion  a  large  part  of  the  laud  on  which  stauds 
the  village  ;  next  north  came  Robert  Burnett's,  and  then 
Lord  Xeill  Campbell's.  Lochiel  brook,  between  Barnegat 
and  Waretown,  it  is  said,  was  named  in  compliment  to 
Campbell's  estate  in  Scotland. 

The  first  Cranmer  family  at  Barnegat  lived  in  the 
tract  purchased  as  above  mentioned,  and  their  dwelling 
was  on  or  near  the  site  of  the  one  owned  in  modern  times 


BARNEGAT.  239 

by  Cap  tail]    Isaac   Soper,   and  subsequently  by  Captain 
John  Russell. 

The  Rackhow  road  was  laid  out  by  Peter  Rackhow, 
a  son  of  Daniel  Rackhow,  who  once  lived  in  the  place 
now  owned  by  Samuel  Bird  sail,  Esq.,  Waretown.  Rack- 
how,  it  is  said  was  a  Dutchman,  who  eventually  changed 
his  name  to  Richards.  He  had  two  sous — Peter,  above 
named,  who  was  a  reputable  young  man,  and  another 
who  joined  the  Refugees,  went  off  with  them  and  was 
not  heard  of   afterwards. 

The  first  inn  or  public  house  iu  Barnegat  was  estab- 
lished in  1820  by  David  Oliphant,  on  the  site  of  the  pres- 
ent one,  at  the  corner  of  the  maiu  shore  road  and  the 
road  to  the  landing. 

The  well-remembered  old  public  house  of  Eli  Col- 
lins was  occasionally  patronized  fifty  or  sixty  years  ago 
by  distinguished  visitors,  among  them  the  noted  Prince 
Murat  with  quite  a  train  of  servants.  He  was  one  of  the 
most  expert  hunters  of  his  day.  Murat  was  a  large  pow- 
erful man  and  of  remarkable  powers  of  endurance — able 
to  tire  out  almost  any  other  hunter  or  gunner  he  met. 

Another  celebrated  personage  who  occasionally 
stopped  here  was  Lieut.,  or  Captain  Huuter,  of  Alvarado 
fame.  Once,  as  he  drove  up,  an  hostler  stepped  out  to 
attend  to  his  horses  and  addressed  him  by  name.  Capt. 
Hunter  was  surprised  to  find  himself  addressed  so  famil- 
iarly by  so  humble  a  personage,  and  upon  inquiry  found 
that  the  hostler  had  once  held  some  office  in  the  Navy, 
and  been  on  a  man  of  war  with  him  up  the  Mediter- 
ranean, and  while  there  had  acted  as  Hunter's  second  in  a 
duel.  Hunter  replied:  "Proctor,  I  know  you,  but  I 
don't  know  your  clothes ! "  Proctor  had  considerable 
natural  ability,  but  it  was  the  old  story,  liquor  sent  him 
on  the  down  grade.  Frank  Forrester  (William  Henry 
Herbert)  the  great  authority  and  noted  writer  on  field 
sports,  was  evidently  well  acquainted  here,  as  his  writ- 
ings show  wonderful  familiarity  with  this  section. 
Uncle  Eli  Collins'  house  and  the  lower  tavern  once  kept 
by  David  Church  were  old  well-known  headquarters  for 


240  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

gunners  from  distant  places.  Speaking  of  gunners,  re- 
minds us  of  one  who  stopped  once  at  the  lower  tavern 
with  a  fierce  hull  dog.  The  landlord  told  the  gunner  to 
keep  his  dog  away  from  a  yard  where  he  had  a  loon 
wounded  in  his  wings,  as  the  loon  might  hurt  the  dog- 
The  idea  of  a  loon  or  any  other  wild  fowl  hurting  his  bull 
dog  amused  the  gunner,  and  he  offered  to  bet  fifty  dollars 
that  his  dog  would  kill  the  bird.  The  landlord  took  the 
bet,  the  dog  was  let  in,  but  in  an  instant  the  loon  picked 
out  the  dog's  eyes  by  suddenly  darting  his  sharp  bill  in 
quick  succession. 

During  the  Revolutionary  war,  parties  of  both 
Refugees  and  Patriots,  as  they  traveled  up  and  down 
shore,  would  stop  at  the  houses  of  the  Barnegat  Quakers 
and  demand  victuals,  but  on  the  whole,  the  residents 
suffered  less  during  the  war  than  did  those  of  any  other 
place  along  shore,  except  perhaps  West  Creek.  They 
had.  however,  but  little  reason  to  congratulate  them- 
selves on  this  score,  as  they  suffered  enough  after  the 
war;  for  then  in  time  of  peace,  on  account  of  their  con- 
scientious scruples  against  militia  training  and  paying 
fines  for  non-atteadance,  they  were  continually  harrassed 
by  lawsuits,  arrests,  fines  and  executions,  and  imprisoned 
or  property  sold  for  non-compliance  with  militia  laws. 
The  once  notorious  Esquire  William  Piatt,  of  old  Dover 
township,  bore  no  enviable  name  among  the  Quakers  for 
his  vexing  them  with  suits  on  this  account. 

During  the  Revolution  quite  extensive  salt  works 
were  carried  on  at  Barnegat,  on  the  meadows  near  the 
farm  of  Mr.  James  Mills,  by  the  Cranmers,  Ridgways, 
and  others.  The  usual  plan  to  manufacture  salt  was  to 
seek  some  place  on  the  salt  meadows  where  no  grass 
could  grow.  By  digging  wells  in  these  bare  places,  the 
water  was  found  to  be  strongly  impregnated  with  salt- 
The  water  from  these  wells  or  springs  was  put  in  large 
boilers  with  a  kind  of  arched  oven  underneath,  in  which 
a  fire  was  built.  After  most  of  the  water  was  boiled 
away,  the  remainder,  thick  with  salt,  was  poured  into 
baskets  of  sugar-loaf  shape,  made  to  allow  the  water  to 


RELIGIOUS    BISTORY.  241 

drain  out.  One  of  these  curious-shaped  baskets  was  pre- 
served and  in  possession  of  the  Late  Uncle  Eli  Collins 
as  late  as  18< >( ). 

The  remains  of  shell  beds  on  the  farm  of  James 
Mills;  Esq.,  and  at  other  places  show  that  the  Indians  at 
Barnegat,  Ion-;-  before  the  whites  came,  caught  shell  fish 
in  great  quantities.  Some  of  course  were  eaten  here, 
but  the  principal  object  of  the  Indians  appeared  to  be  to 
prepare  a  quantity  to  take  back  with  them.  This  was 
generally  done  by  roasting  and  then  taking  them  out  of 
the  shell,  stringing  and  drying  them  in  the  sun. 

RELIGIOUS  HISTORY. 


The  first  preachers  who  visited  any  part  of  the  New 
Jersey  shore  of  whom  we  have  any  account,  belonged  to 
the  Society  of  Friends,  commonly  called  Quakers.  This 
society  established  a  meeting  at  Tuckerton  in  1704,  and 
built  a  meetinghouse  there  in  1709. 

The  first  religious  society  established  in  Ocean 
County  was  probably  that  of  the  Rogerine  Baptists,  a 
company  of  whom  came  to  Waretown  about  1737  and 
remained  here  about  eleven  years  and  then  left.  They 
were  singular  people  in  their  ideas  of  worship.  Among 
other  peculiarities,  the  members  took  work  to  meeting 
with  them,  and  during  services  the  men  made  axe  and 
hoe  handles,  the  women  knit,  sewed,  &c.  The  principal 
member  of  the  society  was  Abraham  Waeir,  from  whom 
"Waretown  derives  its  name.  It  is  probable  they  held 
meetings  in  a  building  used  as  a  schoolhouse. 

An  Episcopalian  clergyman  named  Rev.  Thomas 
Thompson,  visited  Barnegat  and  Manahawkin  while  he 
was  a  missionary  in  old  Monmouth,  from  1745  to  1751, 
and  on  his  return  sent  Christopher  Robert  Reynolds,  who 
was  a  schoolmaster  of  the  "  Society  for  the  Propagation 
of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,"  to  labor  at  these  two 
places,  but  on  account  of  his  age  and  infirmity  he  re- 
mained but  a  short  time. 

A   church,    which    tradition    says    was    free    to    all 


242         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

denominations,  was  built  at  Manahawkin  as  early  as 
1758,  which  was  the  first  church  built  in  Ocean  County. 
This  church  is  now  known  as  the  Baptist  Church-  The 
Baptist  Society  was  organized  in  it  August  25th,  1770. 

The  second  church  built  in  Ocean  County  was  the 
noted  Potter  Church,  at  Goodluck,  built  by  Thomas  Pot- 
ter in  1766,  which  he  intended  to  be  free  to  all  denomina- 
tions. 

The  third  church  built  in  Ocean  County  was  the 
Quaker  Meeting  House,  at  Barnegat,  erected  as  early  as 
1770.  This  was  the  first  church  in  the  county  built  for  a 
particular  society. 

METHODISM  IX  OLD   MONMOUTH. 


THE    TIONEERS    OF   THE    SOCIETY. 

There  is  reason  to  belieye  that  the  pioneers  of  Meth- 
odism visited  the  county  within  a  very  few  years  after 
the  principles  of  the  society  were  first  proclaimed  in 
America,  and  that  occasionally  some  preacher  would 
hold  forth  in  some  of  our  churches,  schoolhouses  or 
private  houses  as  early  as  1774  Some  uncertainty  exists 
as  to  where  the  first  preachers  held  services  in  the 
county,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  early  heroes  of  Meth- 
odism were  not  always  very  precise  in  giving  the  names 
of  places  where  they  preached,  dates  and  other  particu- 
lars interesting  to  the  historian  of  the  present  day.  The 
most  complete  and  satisfactory  journal  is  that  of  the 
faithful,  zealous,  untiring  Bishop  Francis  Asbury,  which 
is  the  more  remarkable  as  it  is  doubtful  if  any  minister 
of  any  denomination  ever  performed  as  much  labor  as  he 
did  in  traveling  and  preaching.  We  append  extracts 
from  his  journal  relating  to  his  labors  in  Monmouth. 
Other  preachbrs  had  preceded  him.  Bev.  William 
AVatters,  the  first  Methodist  traveling  preacher  of  Ameri- 
can birth,  was  stationed  in  our  State  in  1774,  and  he  may 
have  visited  our  county,  though  he  makes  no  mention  of  it 
in  his  journal.  That  earnest  minister  of  the  Gospel,  Bev. 
Benjamin  Abbott,  visited  old   Monmouth  in  1778.     Mr. 


METHODISM    l\    OLD    SfONMOl   l  M.  -J  \.', 

Abbott,  in  his  journal,  speaks  of  preaching  iii  various  parts 
of  old  Mon  mouth  now  composed  within  the  limits  of  ( >ceaii 
county,  among  which  ware  Mannahawkin,  Waretown, 
Goodluck  and  Toms  River.  But  after  leaving  Toms 
River  he  omits  to  name  places;  he  merely  uses  such 
expressions  as  "at  mv  next  appointment,"  Ac,  without 
uaming  where  it  was.  Be  probably  preached  at  Free- 
hold and  other  places  within  the  limits  of  the  presenl 
county  of  Monmouth. 

Rev.  John  Atkinson,  in  his  "Memorials  of  Method- 
ism in  New  Jersey,"  says  : 

"The  Methodist  Society  of  Monmouth  (Freehold0) 
must  have  been  formed  at  an  early  period,  probably 
about  1780,  as  in  that  year  Job  Throckmorton,  of  Free- 
hold, was  converted  under  the  ministry  of  Rev.  Richard 
Garretson,  and  became  a  member  of  the  society.  He 
was  one  of  the  first  members  in  that  region.  The  Meth- 
odists were  much  persecuted  there  at  that  time.  His 
house  was  a  home  for  preachers,  and  very  likely  Asbury 
was  entertained  at  his  dwelling  during  his  visits  to  Free- 
hold. Everitt,  Freeborn  Garretson,  Ezekiel  Cooper, 
Ware  and  others,  were  accustomed  to  stop  at  his  house. 
He  was  accustomed  to  relate  incidents  of  Rev.  Benjamin 
Abbott's  powerful  ministry,  one  of  which  is  as  follows: 

"On  one  occasion  meeting  was  held  in  the  woods, 
and  after  Freeborn  Garretson  had  preached,  Abbott 
arose  and  looked  around  over  the  congregation  very  sig- 
nificantly, and  exclaimed:  'Lord,  begin  the  work!  Lord, 
begin  the  work  now'.  Lord,  begin  the  work  just  there  /' 
pointing  at  the  same  time  towards  a  man  who  was  stand- 
ing beside  a  tree,  and  the  man  fell  as  suddenly  as  if  he 
had  been  shot,  and  cried  aloud  for  mercy." 

In  1786  Trenton  circuit  probably  included  Trenton, 
Pemberton,  Mount  Holly,  Burlington  and  Monmouth, 
Reverends  Robert  Sparks  and  Robert  Cann,  preachers. 
In  1787  Rev.  Ezekiel  Cooper  and  Rev.  Nathaniel  B. 
Mills  were  the  preachers.  In  1788  Revs.  John  Merrick. 
Thomas  Morrell  and  Jettus  Johnson  were  the  preach- 
ers. 


244  HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

EPISCOPALIANISM    IN    OLD    MONMOUTH. 


The  following  is  an  account  of  the  missionary  efforts 
of  Rev.  Thomas  Thompson  in  old  Monmouth,  nearly  a 
century  and  a  half  ago. 

In  his  account  of  Lis  visit  it  will  be  noticed  that  he 
speaks  disparagingly  of  the  early  settlers  in  what  is  now 
Ocean  county.  His  zeal  for  the  tenets  of  the  society  by 
which  he  was  employed,  seems  to  have  led  him  to  make 
animadversions  against  the  people  here,  which  it  would 
appear  were  not  deserved  according  to  the  testimony  of 
ministers  of  other  denominations.  It  will  be  noticed 
that  while  he  accuses  them  of  great  ignorance,  he  yet 
acknowledges  having  many  conferences  and  disputes  on 
religious  topics  with  them,  which  shows  that  they  were 
considerably  posted  in  scriptural  matters,  but  undoubt- 
edly opposed  to  the  Church  of  England. 

Mr.  Thompson  says:  In  the  spring  of  the  year  1745 
I  embarked  for  America,  being  appointed  Missionary  of 
the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign 
Parts  upon  recommendation  of  my  Reverend  Tutor  Dr. 
Thomas  Cartwright,  late  Archdeacon  of  Colchester  and  a 
member  of  the  Society,  myself  then  a  Fellow  of  Christ's 
College,  Cambridge.  I  went  in  a  ship  called  the  Albany, 
belonging  to  New  York  which  sailed  from  Gravesend  on 
the  8th  day  of  May  and  providentially  escaping  some 
instant  dangers  on  the  passage,  arrived  at  New  York  on 
the  29th  of  August.  The  Sunday  following  I  preached 
both  Morning  and  Afternoon  at  the  Episcopal  Church  in 
that  city,  whereof  the  Reverend  Mr.  Commissary  Yesey 
had  then  been  rector  more  than  forty  years.  On  the  next 
Sunday  I  passed  over  to  Elizabethtown  in  New  Jersey  on 
my  journey  to  Monmouth  County  in  the  Eastern  Division 
where  I  was  appointed  to  reside  and  have  the  care  of 
Churches  in  that  county,  being  also  licensed  thereto  by 
the  Right  Reverend  the  late  Lord  Bishop  of  London. 

Being  come  to  the  place  of  my  mission  I  presented 
my  credentials  and  was  kindly  received  and  took  the  first 
opportunity  of  waiting  upon  the  governor  Lewis  Morris 


BPISCOPAIIANI8M    IN    OLD    MONMOUTH.  245 

Esq.,  at  his  seal  at  Kingsburg  which  is  in  the  Western 
Division,  and  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  supremacy 
and  also  the  abjuration  oath  and  subscribed  the  Declara- 
tion in  presence  of  his  Excellency. 

Upon  making  inquiry  into  the  state  of  the  churches 
within  my  District,  I  found  thai  the  members  were  much 
disturbed  and  in  a  very  unsettled  state,  insomuch,  that 
some  of  them  had  thoughts  of  leaving  our  communion 
and  turning  to  the  Dissenters.  The  particular  occasion 
of  this  1  forbear  to  mention. 

That  part  of  the  country  abounding  in  Quakers  and 
Anabaptists,  the  intercourse  with  these  sects  was  of  so 
bad  influence,  as  had  produced  among  the  Church  people 
thus  c<  .nforming  with  their  tenets  aud  example.  However, 
the  main  fault  was  rather  carelessness  of  the  baptism 
and  a  great  deal  was  owing  to  prejudice  respecting  the 
matter  of  godfathers  aud  godmothers. 

I  had  three  churches  immediately  in  my  charge, 
each  of  them  situated  in  a  different  township,  which  had 
regular  duty  in  such  proportion  as  was  agreed  upon  and 
subscribed  to  at  a  general  vestry  meeting  soon  after  my 
coming  there.  The  names  of  the  townships  are  Freehold, 
Shrewsbury  and  Middletown.  I  also  officiated  at  Allen- 
town  in  Upper  Freehold  while  that  church  was  destitute 
of  a  minister.  These  four  townships  comprised  the  whole 
county  although  40  or  50  miles  in  length  and  in  some 
parts  of  it  considerably  wide.  I  also  did  occasional  duty 
at  other  places. 

As  to  the  church  buildings  I  have  found  them  all 
much  out  of  condition,  especially  the  church  at  Middle- 
town,  which  was  begun  to  be  built  but  the  year  before  I 
came  there,  and  had  nothing  done  on  the  inside,  not  even 
a  floor  laid.  So  that  we  had  no  place  for  the  present  to 
assemble  in  Divine  worship,  only  an  old  house  which  had 
formerly  been  a  meetinghouse. 

I  liad  now  a  great  and  very  difficult  task  of  it  to 
bring  people  to  the  communion.  They  that  were  con- 
formable to  this  Bacred  ordinance  were  in  very  small 
numbers.     Many  persons  of  50  or  60  years  of  age  and 


246  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

some  older  had  never  addressed  themselves  to  it.  I  took 
all  possible  pains  to  satisfy  their  scruples,  gave  them 
frequent  opportunities  of  the  communion,  and  by  the 
blessing  of  God  gained  most  of  the  ancient  people  besides 
manv  others,  who  gave  due  and  devout  attention  t<»  it 
ever  after. 

The  number  of  my  catechumens  began  now  to  in- 
crease and  several  of  riper  years  presented  themselves 
with  a  seeming  earnestness  to  receive  the  benefit  of  this 
instruction.  So  I  carried  it  further  and  put  Lewis*  Ex- 
position into  their  hands  and  appointed  them  a  day 
about  once  a  month  to  come  to  the  Court  House  and  say 
the  parts  which  I  set  them  to  get  by  heart,  and  this 
course  I  continued  till  some  of  them  could  recite  it  from 
end  to  end. 

In  the  vear  174b'  the  church  at  Middletown,  which 
had  stood  useless,  being,  as  I  have  before  mentioned, 
only  a  shell  of  a  building,  had  now  a  floor  laid  and  was 
otherwise  made  fit  to  have  divine  worship  performed  in 
it.  The  congregation  of  this  church  was  but  small  and 
as  the  service  could  not  be  oftener  than  once  a  month,  it 
was  morally  impossible  to  increase  the  number  much. 
espec:allv  as  there  was  a  weekly  meeting  of  Anabaptist- 
in  that  town,  so  that  it  was  the  most  I  could  propose  to 
prevent  those  that  were  of  the  church  from  being  drawn 
away  by  dissenters. 

St.  Peters,  in  the  township  of  Freehold,  which  had 
been  built  many  years  but  was  never  quite  completed, 
was  afterward  fitted  up. 

The  situation  of  St.  Peters  Church  at  Tqpo?u  mes, 
which  is  distant  from  any  town,  is  however,  convenient 
enough  to  the  congregation  and  was  resorted  to  by  many 
families  in  Middlesex  county  living  within  the  several 
districts  of  Cranberry,  Macheponeck  and  South  River, 
their  missionary,  my  friend  and  brother,  Mr.  Skinner, 
gladlv  remitting  to  me  the  care  of  them. 

At  a  town  called  Middletown  Point  I  preached 
divers  times,  the  place  being  remote,  and  few  of  the  set- 
tlers having  any  way  for  convenience  of  coming  to  church. 


EPI8C0PALIANI8M    IN    OLD    MONMOUTH.  247 

The  inhabitants  of  Freehold  township  were  at  least 
half  of  them  Presbyterian.  The  church  people  and 
these  interspersed  among  each  other,  had  lived  less  in 
charity  and  brotherly  Love  than  as  becomes  churches. 
But  they  began  od  both  sides  to  think  less  of  the  things 
iii  which  they  differed  in  opinion  than  of  those  in  which 
they  agreed. 

The  Church  of  England  worship  had  at  Shrewsbury 
been  provided  for  by  the  building  of  a  church  before 
there  was  any  other  iu  the  county;  but  this  church  was 
now  too  small  for  the  numerous  congregation.  People 
of  all  sorts  resorted  thither  and  of  the  Quakers,  which 
are  a  great  body  in  that  township,  there  were  several 
who  made  no  scruple  of  being  present  at  divine  service, 
and  were  not  too  precise  to  uncover  their  heads  in  the 
house  of  God. 

I  went  sometimes  to  a  place  called  Manasquan, 
almost  twenty  miles  distant  from  my  habitation  where, 
and  at  Shark  River,  which  is  in  that  neighborhood  some 
church  families  were  settled  who  were  glad  of  all  oppor- 
tunities for  the  exercise  of  religion. 

From  Manasquan,  for  twenty  miles  further  on  in  the 
country,  is  all  one  pine  forest.  I  traveled  through  this 
desert  four  times  to  a  place  called  Barnegat,  and  thence 
to  Manahawkin,  almost  sixty  miles  from  home,  and 
preached  at  places  where  no  foot  of  minister  had  ever 
come. 

In  this  section  I  had  my  views  of  heathenism  just  as 
thoroughly  as  I  have  ever  since  beheld  it.  The  inhabi- 
tants are  thinly  scattered  in  regions  of  solid  wood.  Some 
are  decent  people,  who  had  lived  in  better  places,  but 
those  who  were  born  and  bred  here  have  neither  religion 
nor  manners,  and  do  not  know  so  much  as  a  letter  in  a 
book. 

As  Quakerism  is  the  name  under  which  all  those  in 
America  shade  themselves  that  have  been  brought  up  to 
none,  but  would  be  thought  to  be  of  some  religion  ;  so 
these  poor  people  call  themselves  Quakers,  but  they  have 
no  meetings,  and  many  of   them  make   no  distinction  of 


248  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

days,  neither   observing   Lord's  Day   nor    the    Sabbath. 

In  my  journeying  through  this  part  of  the  country  I 
had  many  conferences  and  disputes  with  the  people. 
Some  of  them  were  willing  to  see  their  errors,  and  others 
were  as  obstinate  in  defending  theirs.  It  pleased  God 
that  I  brought  some  to  a  true  sense  of  them,  and  I  gained 
a  few  to  the  communion,  and  baptised,  besides  children, 
seventeen  grown  persons,  of  which  number  was  Nicholas 
Wainright,  nearly  eighty  years  of  age. 

I  had  now  seen  a  great  change  in  the  state  of  my 
mission  within  the  space  of  three  years,  through  the 
grace  of  God  rendering  my  labors  effectual  to  a  good 
end  ;  in  particular  as  to  the  peace  and  unison  which  the 
church  members,  after  having  been  much  at  variance 
among  themselves,  were  nosv  returned  to,  and  the  ceasing 
animosities  betwixt  them  and  those  of  other  societies. 
For  these  I  account  the  most  valuable  success  that 
attended  my  ministry. 

In  the  latter  end  of  the  year  1750,  having  then  been 
about  five  years  in  America  upon  this'  mission,  I  wrote  to 
the  venerable  and  honorable  society  a  letter  requesting 
of  them  to  grant  me  a  mission  to  the  coast  of  Guinea, 
that  I  might  go  to  make  a  trial  with  the  natives  and  see 
what  hopes  there  would  be  of  Introducing  among  them 
the  Christian  religion.  My  request  was  granted  arid  on 
November  25th,  1751,  I  went  on  board  the  brigantine 
"  Prince  George,"  bound  for  the  coast  of  Africa. 

The  most  noted  among  the  first  clergymen  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  who  held  services  in  the 
county,  was  the  celebrated  Rev.  George  Keith.  When 
he  first  located  at  Freehold  he  was  an  active  member  of 
the  Society  of  Friends,  as  it  would  seem  were  others  of 
the  first  settlers.  He  left  Freehold  in  1689  and  went  to 
reside  in  Philadelphia.  In  1694  he  went  to  London,  and 
soon  after  abjured  the  doctrines  of  the  Quakers  and  be- 
came a  zealous  clergyman  of  the  Church  of  England.  He 
officiated  some  time  in  his  mother  country,  and  in  1702 
he  Avas  sent  to  America  as  a  missionary  of  the  "  Society 
for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts."  He 


Ill  1 :    ROGERINE    BAPTISTS.  249 

sailed  from  England  April  "is,  \~i)~2,  in  the  ship  "Cen- 
turion," bound  for  Boston.  After  his  arrival  he  traveled 
and  preached  in  various  parts  of  N'\\  England  and  New 
York,  accompanied  and  assisted  by  the  Rev.  John  Tal- 
botj  who  had  been  chaplain  of  the  ship,  and  who,  a  few 
pears  later,  located  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  in  charge  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Society  there.  Mr.  Keith  arrived 
at  Amhov  and  preached  his  first  sermon  in  New  Jersey 
in  that  place  October  .">,  17(»'2.  He  says  that  among  the 
audience  were  some  old  acquaintances,  and  some  had 
Keen  Quakers,  lmt  were  come  over  to  the  church,  par- 
ticularly Miles  Forster  and  John  Barclay  (brother  to 
Robert  Barclay,  who  published  the  "Apology  for 
Quakers").  After  stopping-  a  few  days  with  Miles  Forster 
he  left  for  Monmouth  county,  where  lie  preached'  his 
first  sermon  October  10,  1702.  He  traveled  and  preached 
in  various  parts  of  the  county  for  about  two  years,  then 
went  to  Burlington  and  Philadelphia,  and  shortly  sailed 
for  England. 

THE  ROGERINE  BAPTISTS. 


A    SINGULAR   RELIGIOUS    SOCIETY   AT    WARETOWN. 

About  the  year  1737  a  society  of  Rogerine  Baptists, 
or  Quaker  Baptists,  as  they  were  then  called,  located  at 
Waretown,  now  in  Ocean  county.  From  various  notices 
of  the  history  of  this  singular  sect  and  how  a  society 
came  to  be  located  in  Ocean  county,  we  extract  the  fol- 
6  wing  : 

This  society  was  founded  by  John  Rogers  about 
1(174:;  his  followers  baptised  by  immersion;  the  Lord's 
Supper  they  administered  in  the  evening  with  its  ancient 
appendages.  They  did  not  believe  in  the  sanctity  of 
the  Sabbath.  They  believed  that  since  the  death  of 
Christ  all  days  were  holy  alike.  They  used  no  medicines 
nor  employed  doctors  or  surgeons;  wrould  not  say  grace 
at  meals  ;  all  prayers  to  be  said  mentally,  except  when 
the  spirit  of  prayer  compiled  the  use  of  voice.  They 
said,   "All   unscriptural    parts  of   religious   worship   are 


250  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AM»    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

idols,''  and  all  good  Christians  should  exert  themselves 
against  idols,  etc.  Among  the  idols  they  placed  the 
observance  of  the  Sabbath,  infant  baptism,  etc.  The 
■Sabbath  they  called  the  New  England  idol,  and  the 
methods  they  took  to  demolish  this  idol  were  as  follows: 
The}  would  on  Sundays  try  to  beat  some  manual  labor 
near  meetinghouses  or  in  the  way  of  people  going  to  and 
from  church.  They  would  take  work  into  meetinghouses, 
the  women  knitting,  the  men  whittling  and  making- 
splints  for  baskets,  and  every  now  and  then  contradict- 
ing the  preachers.  "  This  was  seeking  persecution," 
says  one  writer,  "and  they  received  plenty  of  it,  inso- 
much that  the  New  Englanders  left  some  of  them  neither 
liberty,  proparty  or  whole  skins." 

John  Rogers,  the  founder  of  tin-  sect,  who,  it  is  said, 
was  as  churlish  and  contrary  to  all  men  as  Diogenes. 
preached  over  forty  years,  and  died  in  1721.  The  occa- 
sion of  his  death  was  singular.  The  smallpox  was  rag- 
ing terribly  in  Boston  and  spread  an  alarm  to  all  the 
country  around.  Rogers  was  confident  that  he  could 
mingle  with  the  diseased  and  that  the  strength  of  his 
faith  would  preserve  him  safe  from  the  mortal  contagion. 
Accordingly  he  was  presumptuous  enough  to  travel  one 
hundred  miles  to  Boston  to  bring  his  faith  to  the  test. 
The  result  was  that  he  caught  the  contagion,  came  home 
and  died  with  it,  the  disease  also  spreading  in  his  family 
and  among  his  neighbors.  This  event  one  would  think 
would  have  somewhat  shaken  the  faith  of  his  followers, 
but  on  tin*  contrary  it  seemed  to  increase  their  zeal. 

In  1725  a  company  of  Rogerines  were  taken  up  on 
the  Sabbath  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  while  on  their  way  from 
their  place  of  residence  to  Lebanon.  They  were  treated 
with  much  abuse,  and  many  of  them  whipped  in  a  most 
unmerciful  manner.  This  occasioned  Gov.  Jenks,  of 
Rhode  Island,  to  write  spiritedly  against  their  persecu- 
tors, and  also  to  condemn  the  Rogerines  for  their  provok- 
ing, disorderly  conduct. 

One  family  of  the  Rogerines  was  named  Colver,  or 
Culver,  (Edwards'   History  spells   it  one   way    and    Gov. 


I  III     BOGERINE    BAPTISTS.  251 

Jenks  the  other.)     This  family  consisted  of  John  Colver 

and  his  wife,  who  were  a  part  of  the  company  which  was 
treated  so  rudely  at  Norwich,  and  five  sons  and  five 
daughters,  who,  with  their  families,  made  up  the  number 
of  twenty-one  souls.  Iu  the  year  1 7^4  this  Large  family 
removed  from  New  London,  Conn.,  and  settled  in  New 
Jersey.  The  first  place  they  pitched  upon  for  a  residence 
was  on  the  east  side  of  Sehooley's  Mountain,  in  Morris 
county.  They  continued  here  about  three  years  and 
then  went  in  a  body  to  Waretown,  then  in  Monmouth, 
but  now  in  Ocean  county.  While  here  they  had  their 
meetings  in  a  schoolhouse,  and  their  peculiar  manner  of 
conducting  services  was  quite  a  novelty  to  other  settlers 
in  the  vicinity.  As  in  England,  during  the  meeting  the 
women  would  be  engaged  in  knitting  or  sewing,  and  the 
men  in  making  axe  handles,  basket  splints,  or  engaged  in 
other  work,  but  we  hear  of  no  attempt  to  disturb  other 
societies. 

They  continued  at  Waretown  about  eleven  years, 
and  then  went  back  to  Morris  county  and  settled  on  the 
west  side  of  the  mountain  from  which  they  had  removed. 
In  1790  they  were  reduced  to  two  old  persons  whose 
names  were  Thomas  Colver  and  Sarah  Mann;  but  the 
posterity  of  John  Colver,  it  is  said,  is  yet  quite  numer- 
ous in  Morris  county.  Abraham  Waeir,  from  whom  the 
village  of  Waretown  derives  its  name,  tradition  says  was 
a  member  of  the  Rogerine  Society.  When  the  main 
body  of  the  society  left  he  remained  behind,  and  became 
quite  a  prominent  business  man,  generally  esteemed.  He 
died  in  1768,  and  his  descendants  removed  to  Squan  and 
vicinity,  near  the  head  of  Barnegat  Bay. 

Before  concluding  this  notice  of  the  Rogerinex,  it 
should  be  stated  that  another  thing  in  their  creed  was, 
that  it  was  not  necessaiw  to  have  marriages  peformed  by 
ministers  or  legal  officers.  They  held  that  it  was  not 
necessary  for  the  man  and  woman  to  exchange  vows  of 
marriage  to  make  the  ceremony  binding.  A  zealous  Rog- 
erine once  took  to  himself  a  wife  in  this  simple  manner, 
and  then,  to  tantalize  Governor  Saltonstall,  called  on  him 


'J.V2         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

to  inform  him  they  had  married  themselves  without  aid  of 
church  or  state,  and  that  they  intended  to  live  together  as 
husband  and  wife  without  their  sanction.  "What!"'  said 
the  Governor,  in  apparent  indignation,  "do  you  take  this 
woman  for  your  wife?"  "Yes,  I  most  certainly  do,"  re- 
plied the  man.  "And  do  you  take  this  man  for  your 
husband?"  said  he  to  the  woman.  The  woman  replied 
in  the  affirmative.  "Then,"  said  the  wily  old  Governor, 
"in  the  name  of  the  Commonwealth  I  pronounce  you 
husband  and  wife — whom  God  hath  joined  together  let 
no  man  put  asunder.  Yon  are  now  married  according  to 
both  law  and  gospel." 

The  couple  retired,  much  chagrined  at  the  unex- 
pected way  the  Governor  had  turned  the  tables  on  them, 
despite  their  boasting. 

MOEMONISM  IX  OCEAN  COUNTY. 


In  1n:>7,  Elder  Benjamin  Winchester  preached  the 
tirst  Mormon  sermon  in- Ocean  county,  in  a  schoolhouse 
in  New  Egypt.  Winchester  was  from  the  State  of  New 
York,  and  one  of  the  early  disciples  of  Joseph  Smith. 
He  continued  for  some  time  to  hold  regular  services  here, 
and  in  his  discourses  gave  minute  account  of  the  alleged 
original  discovery  of  the  golden  plates  of  the  Book  of 
Mormon  near  Palmyra,  New  York,  by  Joseph  Smith,  and 
their  translation  by  him  and  Sidney  Rigdon,  and  claimed 
that  they  were  deposited  by  a  people  two  thousand  years 
before,  whom  they  said  were  the  Lost  Tribes  of  Israel. 
He  also  preached  in  neighboring  places.  He  made  some 
fifty  converts,  who  were  baptized  ;  among  them  was  Abra- 
ham Burtis,  who  became  a  preacher,  and  a  large  number 
joined  the  society  at  Hornerstown,  where  they  finally 
built  a  church,  and  where  a  good  many  respectable  peo- 
ple adhered  to  the  faith.  The  church  has  since  gone 
down,  but  a  few  people  remained  favorably  impressed 
with  the  principles.  Their  laboraexten  led  toTouisRiver, 
and  here,  too,  they  built  a  small  church  on  the  south  side 
of  the    rivei',  which    is    remembered  as   the  tirst  building 


MORMONISM    l\    OCEAN    COl  NTY.  253 

in  which  the  Ocean  County  Courts  were  beld  after  the 
County  was  established,  and  before  the  couri  house  was 
built.  Their  preachers  also  went  as  Ear  south  as  Forked 
River,  where  they  made  a  considerable  impression,  and 
baptized  some  in  bhe  mill  pond— the  preacher  compli- 
menting one  convert,  it  is  said,  by  saying,  after  immers- 
ing  her,  thai  he  saw  the  devil  as  bjg  as  an  owl  leave  her! 

Joseph  Smith,  the  founder  of  Mormonism,  visited 
New  Egypt,  Hornerstown  and  Toms  River,  in  1840,  and 
sealed  a  large  number.  William  Smith,  brother  of  the 
prophet,  frequently  preached  at  New  Egypt  ;  he  preached 
the  funeral  sermon  of  Alfred  Wilson,  who  was  originally 
a  Methodist,  but  became  a  Mormon  preacher.  James 
L.  Curtis,  originally  a  Methodist,  also  became  a  Mormon 
preacher.  The  present  successor  of  Joseph  Smith  and 
Brigham  Young,  as  head  of  the  Mormon  Church,  is  John 
Taylor,  who  has  also  preached  in  Ocean  county,  and  was 
probably  the  last  who  preached  as  far  south  as  Forked 
River.  He  held  forth  about  1851,  in  the  old  Forked  Riv- 
er sehoolliouse,  and  liis  sermon  seemed  to  differ  but  little 
from  an  old-fashioned  Methodist  sermon  ou  the  necessity 
of  salvation,  as  he  made  but  little  allusion  to  the  peculiar 
tenets  of  Mormonism.  About  1852  many  Mormon  con- 
verts left  Ocean  county  for  Salt  Lake  City,  among  whom 
were  Joseph  Chamberlain  and  family,  of  Forked  Piiver, 
and  a  number  of  respectable  families  from  Toms  Fviver. 
They  encountered  serious  hardships  in  crossing  the 
plains.  It  is  generally  conceded  that  the  Mormon  con- 
verts were  noted  for  sincerity,  industry  and  frugality. 

<  )f  Joseph  Smith's  visit  to  New  Egpyt,  some  amusing 
stories,  probably  exaggerated,  are  told  at  the  expense  of 
converts,  such  as  of  a  wealthy  man  being  told  by  Smith 
to  repair  to  a  particular  tree  at  a  certain  hour  of  the 
night  and  pray  for  direction  from  Heaven,  and  the  Lord 
would  reply.  Accordingly  the  man  sought  the  place  and 
prayed  as  directed  ;  he  was  answered  by  a  voice  from 
above,  which,  among  other  things,  directed  him  to  give  a 
good  share  of  his  worldly  goods  to  the  prophet  Smith  ;  hut 
the  man  seemed  to  doubt  it  being  the  voice  of  an  angel — 


254  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

it  sounded  more  like  Smith  himself  concealed  in  the 
branches. 

The  little  Mormon  church  at  Toms  River  was  bought 
in  1878  by  Franklin  Harris  and  is  now  a  part  of  his 
storehouse. 

In  June,  1878,  Rev.  Wm.  Small,  a  Mormon  preacher, 
held  services  in  Shinn's  Hall,  New  Egypt. 

EPISCOPALIANISM  IN  BARNEGAT. 


Rev.  Mr.  Shafer,  an  Episcopalian  clergyman,  of  Bur- 
lington, held  services  once  a  month  for  a  year  or  so  in 
1872-3  at  Barnegat  and  Manahawkin,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Pettit, 
of  Bordentown,  preached  at  Manahawkin  in  1878. 

Bishop  Odenheimer  visited  Barnegat,  July  25,  1873, 
and  held  services  in  the  M.  E.  church,  assisted  by  Rev. 
Mr.  Shafer,  on  which  occasion  Prof.  B.  F.  North  united 
himself  with  the  Episcopal  denomination. 

The  Methodists  used  the  old  free  church  for  many 
years,  but  on  February  10,  1853,  a  certificate  of  incorpo- 
ration was  filed  in  the  County  Clerk's  office,  naming  as 
trustees  of  the  M.  E.  Society,  Job  Edwards,  Lawrence 
Ridgway,  Gabriel  M.  Ininau,  Tunis  Bodine  and  Jeremiah 
Predmore.  A  lot  was  bought  and  on  the  22d  of  August, 
1857,  the  corner  stone  of  their  church  was  laid,  on  which 
occasion  Revs.  Messrs.  Stockton,  Corson  and  others  of- 
ficiated. The  basement  was  dedicated  January  17th, 
1859,  Rev.  William  C.  Stockton,  pastor  in  charge,  Rev  R. 
B.  Lawrence  and  others  present.  The  main  audience- 
room  was  dedicated  January  31st,  1864  ;  Rev.  A.  E.  Bal- 
lard preached  the  dedication  and  the  pastor  Rev.  Samuel 
H.  Johnson  assisted  in  the  services.  The  church  was 
burned  down  on  the  moruiug  of  May  23d,  1882.  Meas- 
ures were  at  once  taken  to  rebuild  it  and  the  new  corner 
stone  was  laid  July  11th,  1882,  on  which  day  it  was  an- 
nounced that  $5,000  had  been  raised  towards  the  building 
fund.  The  basement  was  dedicated  December  10th,  1882, 
while  Rev.  J.  J.  Graw  was  pastor.  Rev.  John  Miller,  of 
Trenton,  preached  in  the   morning  and    in   the  evening. 


RELIGI01  s    80CIE  l  II  8.  -J.').") 

Presiding   Elder   Shock    conducted    the    services.      The 
church  so  Ear  as  then  completed  cost  $6,000,  of  which  all 

but  sl-_!()  had  been  raised. 

RELIGIOUS  SOCIETIES. 


The  tirst  church  built  at  Barnegat  was  the  Quaker 
meetinghouse.  The  deed  for  the  land  on  which  it  is  sit- 
uated, is  dated  June  11,  1770,  and  is  from  Timothy  Bidg- 
wav  and  Levi  Cranmer  to  Stephen  Birdsall  and  Job 
Bidgway,  of  Barnegat,  and  Dauiel  Shrouds  and  Joseph 
Gauntt,  of  Tuckerton.  The  deed  calls  for  one  acre  and  a 
half  quarter — consideration  money,  twenty  shillings.  The 
meetinghouse  was  then  already  built,  as  the  deed  calls 
for  the  beginning  of  the  survey  at  a  certain  course  and 
distance  "  from  the  south-east  corner  of  the  meeting- 
house." The  Job  Bidgway  named  in  the  deed  died  July 
•24,  1832,  aged  89  years. 

The  Presbyterians  were  among  the  early  religious 
pioneers  of  the  village,  and  about  1760  they  commenced 
holding  regular  or  occasional  services.  Among  the  first 
preachers  were  Bev.  Messrs.  Chesnut,  Green,  McKnight 
and  John  Brainerd.  From  a  letter  written  by  Rev.  John 
Brainerd  in  1761,  it  seems  the  Presbyterians  held  their 
meetings  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Bulon. 

The  Presbyterian  Society  now  at  Barnegat  is  of 
recent  origin,  having  been  organized  in  February,  1876, 
with  nine  members. 

The  first  effort  to  introduce  Episcopalianism  in  Bar- 
negat was  by  Rev.  Thomas  Thompson,  between  1745  and 
1750,  which  he  mentions  in  his  published  account  of 
missionary  services  in  old  Monmouth  in  those  years. 

The  Methodist  pioneers  held  regular  or  occasional 
services  probably  as  far  back  as  the  Revolution.  The 
first  Methodist  Society  was  organized  in  182'.),  with  the 
late  Rev.  Job  Edwards  as  the  first  class  leader  and  local 
preacher.  Mr.  Edwards'  grandfather,  James  Edwards, 
who  had  been  a  soldier  in  the  old  French  War,  was  one 
of  the  earliest  and  most  earnest   converts  to  Methodism 


250  HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

along  shore,  and  in  more  modern  times  the  Society  in 
this  section  has  had  no  more  zealous,  successful  laborer 
than  Rev.  Job  Edwards.  "He  still  lives"  in  the  cher- 
ished remembrance  of  his  fellow-members,  and  in  the 
evidences  of  his  works  in  the  cause  of  his  Master. 

THE  OLD  BABNEGAT  FBEE  CHUBCH. 

The  following  copy  of  a  paper  shows  the  origin  of 
the  old  Barnegat  Free  Church.  To  residents  of  this  sec- 
tion the  names  appended  will  be  read  with  interest,  as 
they  recall  their  predecessors  of  fifty  years  ago: 

Staffobd,  June  3d,  1829. 

We.  the  subscribers,  inhabitants  of  Barnegat,  in  the 
township  of  Stafford,  and  county  of  Monmouth,  do  pro- 
pose to  build  a  meetinghouse  for  the  purpose  of  preach- 
ing, in  the  village  of  Barnegat,  free  and  open  for  the  re- 
ception of  preachers  of  all  Christian  denominations. 
We  therefore  solicit  the  aid  of  all  charitably  disposed 
persons,  as  we  are  fully  persuaded  that  all  that  is  given 
for  such  a  purpose  will  be  abundantly  made  up  'to  us  in 
this  life,  and  tenfold  in  that  which  is  to  come,  for  we  con- 
sider it  our  reasonable  duty  to  use  every  means  pre- 
scribed in  the  Gospel  to  aid  in  the  diffusion  of  the  Word 
of  God  throughout  our  land. 

We  therefore  promise  to  pay  unto  the  trustees  who 
shall  be  appointed  to  receive  the  same,  the  sum  annexed 
to  our  several  signatures,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of 
August  next  ensuing,  if  thereto  required : 

Daniel  Smith,  $20;  Thos.  B.  Odell,  $20;  D.  S.  Hay- 
wood, $10;  John  Tilton,  $10;  Caleb  Cranmer,  $20;  Stacy 
Jennings,  $5;  Job  Inman,  $5;  John  Perine,  $5;  Edward 
Jennings,  $5 ;  Orrin  Chamberlain,  $5 ;  Benjamin  Collins, 
$5 ;  Lawrence  Falkinburg,  $5  ;  Daniel  Conover,  $3 ;  John 
Cranmer,  $5;  Samuel  Perine,  $2  ;  Amos  Birdsall,  Jr.,  $3; 
Wm.  Chandler.  $1 ;  Sarah  Bemsen,  $10  ;  James  Collins, 
$10;  Jarvis  Hazleton,  $1;  David  Reed,  si,  Daniel  W. 
Holt,  $5 ;  Doughty  Soper,  $2 ;  Daniel  Perine,  $3 ;  Solomon 
Soper,  $5;  John  Birdsall,  |5;  Samuel  Edwards,  $5  ;  Selah 
Oliphant.  $5;  Jesse  Rulon,  $5 ;  Isaac  P.  Peckworth,  $3; 


RELIGIOUS   SOCIETIES.  257 

John  Langans,  $1 ;  Edward  Jennings,  Jr.,  $1.50;  Heze- 
kiah  Soper,  $5 ;   David  JohDson,  $1 ;  Samuel  Taylor,  $2  ; 

Wm.  Letts,  $5;  Job  Cook,  si  ;  Wm.  Rulon,  si  ;  Jj >ST. 

Berline,  $10;  David  Church,  $5;  Charles  Butler,  $10; 
Job  Edwards,  slf,;  Tims.  Lewis,  $10;  Thos.  Edwards,  Sr., 
s:>;  David  Rulon,  $5;  Prentice  Rugbee,  $10;  Wm.  D. 
Oliphant,  $5;  -I.  F.  Randolph,  $5;  Adam  Myers,  $5;  Tunis 
Bodine,  $10;  Moses  Headley,  $5;  John  Camburn,  $3; 
Timothy  Candee,  s-j;  Ezekiel  Smith,  $5;  Michael  [nman, 
s:!;  Joshua  Rinear,  S^!;  James  Rinear,  $5 ;  John  Parker, 
$5;  Jonathan  Oliphant,  $3;  Jeremiah  Predmore,  $2; 
Matthew  Miller,  $2;  Gabriel  Mills,  $10;  John  Solsburg, 
$1  ;  Ephraim  Predmore,  $10;  Richard  Ridgway,  $5; 
James  Edwards,  $5  ;  George  Edwards,  $5;  James  Mills, 
$5 ;  Alex.  Duncan,  $5 ;  Benjamin  Oliphant,  $5 ;  John 
Rinear,  $1 ;  David  Swain.  $1 ;  Jesse  Pen  a,  $3 ;  Samuel  and 
John  Corlies,  $4;  Thomas,  M.  Cook,  $2;  Zalman  Church, 
$3  ;    Samuel    Birdsall,  $5 ;    James  Giberson,   $3 ;    Noah 

Edwards,  $1.     Total,  $408.50. 

» 

BAYVILLE    METHODIST    EPISCOPAL    CHURCH. 

A  certificate  of  incorporation  of  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal church  at  Potter's  Creek  (now  Bayville)  recorded  at 
Toms  River,  is  dated  January  6,  1855,  and  names  as 
trustees  Samuel  T.  Rogers,  Reuben  Tilton,  Caleb  Grant, 
William  Jeffrey  and  Moses  R.  Anderson. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation  of  the  "Trinity  M.  E. 
Church  of  Bayville,"  filed  September  20, 1872,  states  that 
at  a  meeting  held  May  9, 1872,  the  following  persons  were 
elected  trustees:  Samuel  R.  Bunnell,  Thomas  Harvey, 
Richard  Phillips,  William  Jeffrey,  Barzillai  B.  Anderson. 

The  corner  stone  of  the  Bayville  M.  E  church  was 
laid  September  9,  1873,  and  the  church  was  dedicated 
June  20,  1880,  Rev.  L.  Vansant  officiating  in  the  cere- 
monies. 

BETHEL    MEETING    HOUSE,     BERKELY     TOWNSHIP,     PROTESTANT 
METHODIST    SOCIETY. 

At  a  meeting  of  Methodist  Protestants  of  which  Rev. 
Lewis  L.  Neal  was  chairman,  held  October  23,  1855,  the 


258         BT8T0RI   OF    MOKMO  "TH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

following  persons  were  elected  trustees:  (lark  Newman, 
Ezekiel  Lewis,  Benj.  S.  Lewis,  Be naj ah  Everingh am,  Ben- 
jamin Pearce. 

This  Bethel  Meeting  House  was  the  old  Dover 
Chapel. 

METHODIST    PROTESTANT   CHURCH    METETECUNK. 

This  church,  on  what  was  termed  the  Atlantic  cir- 
cuit, at  a  meeting  held  October  11,  1855,  elected  the  fol- 
lowing trustees:  Isaac  Osborne,  John  M.  Brown,  John 
('.  Curtis,  Joseph  S.  Wardell,  Edward  Cook.  The  certifi- 
cate of  incorporation  was  recorded  January  13,  1857. 

Old  Dover  Chapel  was  built  about  1829  as  a  church 
free  to  all  denominations.  It  was  used  mainly  by  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Society  and  next  by  the  Protestant 
Methodists. 

SOCIETY    OF    FRIENDS    AT    BARNEGAT. 

The  Quaker  meetinghouse  at  Barnegat,  was  origin- 
ally built  at  least  as  early  as  1770,  as  the  deed  for  the 
land  on  which  it  is  situated  is  dated  June  11,  1770, tad  it 
speaks  of  the  meetinghouse  as  then  built. 

The  deed  was  from  Timothy  Ridgway  and  Levi 
Cranmer,  of  Stafford  township,  Monmouth  county,  to 
Stephen  Burdsall  and  Job  Ridgway,  son  of  said  Timothy, 
of  the  same  place,  and  Daniel  Shourds  and  Joseph 
Gauntt,  of  Little  Egg  Hail. or,  in  Burlington  county,  con- 
sideration money  twenty  shillings.  The  tract  is  thus  de- 
scribed: 

One  piece  or  parcel  of  land  containing  one  acre  and 
half  quarter,  lying  at  Barnegat.  in  the  township  of  Staf- 
ford, in  the  county  of  Monmouth,  it  being  part  of  a 
tract  of  live  hundred  acre.-,  that  the  said  Ridgway  and 
Cranmer  purchased  of  Oliver  Delaneyand  Henry  Cuy- 
ler,  Jr..  by  one  indenture  of  bargain  and  sale  under  their 
hands  and  seals,  dated  the  ninth  day  of  September,  17 59. 
The  grant.--  above  named  deeded  the  lot.  the  same 
date,  to  "  The  people  of  (rod  called  (Quakers,  belonging 
to  the  monthly  meeting  held  at  Little  Egg  Harbor,  in 
Burlington  county." 


RELIGI01  s    SOCIETIES.  259 

The  first  named  deed  was  proved  before  Silas  Crane, 
Judge,  July  17,  1813,  and  recorded  at  Freehold,  Book  W. 
p.  364,  July  22,  1813. 

The  last  named  deed  was  proved  before  Judge  Silas 
Crane,  July  22,  1813,  and  is  recorded  at  Freehold,  Book 
W,  p.  365.  The  witnesses  to  the  first  deed  were  Richard 
Bidgway  and  Levi  Cranmer,  Jr. 

Before  the  meetinghouse  at  Barnegat  was  built, 
Quaker  preachers  travelled  along  shore,  and  the  first 
place  in  what  is  now  Ocean  county  where  they  held 
meetings,  was  at  West  Creek. 

John  Fothergill,  Jane  Haskens,  Abigail  Bowles,  John 
Wbolman,  Peter  Andrews,  Benjamin  Jones,  Patience 
Brayton,  Job  Scott,  Elizabeth  Collins,  and  other  noted 
preachers  travelled  and  held  meetings  "  through  the  des- 
erts, from  Chesterfield,  in  Burlington  county,  to  Little 
Egg  Harbor,  extending  the  love  of  truth  to  the  poor 
people  thereaway,"  during  a  period  extending  from  1722 
to  1765. 

On  September  15,  1785,  Job  Scott  preached  at  Bar- 
negat, and  says :  "I  had  a  very  laborious  meeting  at 
Barnegat,  though  a  few  exercised  friends  were  present." 

st.  john's  roman  catholic  church,  Manchester. 

A  lot  was  presented  to  the  Catholics  of  Manchester 
by  AVilliam  Torrey,  Esq.,  and  work  was  commenced  in 
building  the  church  about  October,  1870.  Father  De- 
laney  received  fourteen  members  May  3,  1874.  In  1876, 
Father  Donelly  held  services  here  the  first  Monday  in 
each  month. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation,  filed  January  18, 
1878,  named  as  trustees  Bt.  Bev.  Michael  A.  Corrigan, 
Roman  Catholic  Bishop  of  the  Diocese  of  New  Jersey  ; 
Very  Bev.  Geo.  H.  Doane,  Vicar-General  of  same  diocese ; 
The  Very  Bev.  Stanislaus  Damelow,  pastor,  and  William 
McLaughlin  and  Patrick  McElhenney,  lay  members. 

MANCHESTER    M.    E.    CHURCH. 

The  corner  stone  of  the  M.  E.  Church  at  this  place 
was  laid  June  24,  1869,  Bevs.  E.  H.  Stokes,  W.  W.  Moffett, 


260         HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

P.  C.  Johnson,  W.  F.  Morris,  and  J.  Wagg  officiating. 
General  John  S.  Schultze  was  President  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees.     The  church  was  completed  November  "23,1870. 

MANCHESTER    PRESBYTERIAN    CHURCH. 

In  1841,  says  Rev.  I.  G.  Symmes,  a  house  of  worship 
was  erected  at  Mancheser  and  dedicated  in  November  of 
the  same  year,  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  H.  Cox  officiating.  The 
church  was  organized  in  the  Spring  of  the  next  year  by 
the  Presbytery  of  Brooklyn,  New  School.  The  succeed- 
ing Spring,  1841,  Mr.  William  E.  Schenck,  subsequently 
of  the  Presbyterian  Board  of  Publication,  a  licentiate  of 
the  Presbytery  of  New  Brunswick,  was  called.  Then  oc- 
curred what  is  believed  to  have  been  the  first  fraternal 
correspondence  between  the  Old  and  New  School  bodies, 
between  the  Presbytery  of  Brooklyn,  and  the  Presbytery 
of  New  Brunswick  ;  and  the  Church  of  Manchester  was 
transferred  by  the  former  to  the  latter  Presbytery,  and 
Mr.  Schenck  was  ordained  and  installed  first  pastor.  A 
large  committee,  headed  by  Dr.  Benjamin  Bice,  came 
down  to  install  him,  and  the  occasion  was  a  memorable 
one  in  that  part  of  the  county. 

Mr.  Schenck  left  in  two  years,  and  the  church  passed 
through  two  more  brief  pastorates  before  1851.  Then 
came  a  period  of  great  depression  in  business  and  the 
village  was  nearly  depopulated  for  ten  years.  Regular 
services  and  Sabbath  school,  however,  were  maintained 
by  Elder  William  Torrey,  with  occasional  ministerial 
help,  until  August,  1864,  when  a  regular  pastor  was  se- 
cured. Then  Revs.  Messrs.  Charles  D.  Nott,  James 
Petrie  and  E.  M.  Kellogg  came  in  rapid  succession,  re- 
maining each  but  a  short  time.  The  brief  ministry  of 
Dr.  Schenck  was  greatly  blessed.  In  1877  the  member- 
ship was  fifty-six. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  pastors  of  the  Manches- 
ter Presbyterian  church  which  was  organized  March  13, 
1842: 

Rev.  William  E.  Schenck.  D.  D.,  from  February  28. 
1843,  to  May  14,  1845. 


RELIGIOUS   SOCIETIES.  261 

Rev.  Morse  Howell,  Dec.  (.»,  1845,  fco  April  1,  is  is. 

Rev.  Charles  I ).  Knott,  August  11,  ISO!,  to  Au-ust  24, 
1865. 

Rev.  James  Petrie,  November  15,  1866,  t<>  March  12, 
1872. 

Rev.  E.  M.  Kellogg,  July  24,  1873,  to  October  22, 
1874. 

Rev.  B.  T.  Phillips  May  9,  1876— who  still  (1886)  re- 
mains pastor. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  members  and  friends  of  the 
Presbyterian  church  at  Manchester,  held  Dec.  3,  1880, 
the  following  trustees  were  elected  :  Wm.  T.  Wortzel, 
Chas.  L.  Rogers,  John  N.  Dettrell,  Wm.  R.  Schultze, 
James  M.  Quinby,  Mark  Souden,  John  S.  Schultze. 

Certificate  filed  Feb.  5,  1881. 

The  historical  sketch  of  Monmouth  Presbytery,  by 
Rev.  Joseph  G.  Symmes,  published  1877,  in  speaking  of 
the  Whiting  Church,  says  : 

"At  present  Rev.  George  W.  Cottrell  is  acting  as 
stated  supply,  and  he  has  under  his  care  a  tract  eighteen 
miles  long  and  fourteen  miles  wide.  The  population  is 
scattered,  concentrated  for  the  most  part  at  four  railroad 
points — Whiting,  Wheatland,  Woodmansie  and  Shamony. 
There  are  sixteen  members  in  the  new  church." 

The  above  historical  sketch  says  the  church  was 
organized  in  1875,  which  is  probably  a  typographical 
error,  as  it  was  organized  the  previous  year. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation,  filed  October  15, 
1875,  named  as  trustees,  Geo.  W.  Cottrell,  W.  H.  Wright, 
and  B.  F.  Errington. 

WHITING  AND   SHAMONY   PRESBYTERIAN    CHURCH. 

The  Union  Presbyterian  Society  was  organized  at 
Whiting  on  the  evening  of  August  5,  1874,  with  N.  R. 
Todd,  of  Shamony,  and  W.  R.  Wright,  of  Whiting,  as 
Ruling  Elders.  A  commission  of  the  Monmouth  Pres- 
bytery, consisting  of  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Dashiel,  Van  Dyke 
and  Everett  had  held  two  days'  services  at  Whiting  and 
adjacent  places.     This  society,  it  was  said,  was  the  im- 


262  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAM    I  OUNTIES. 

mediate  result  of  the  labors  of  Martin  Kellogg,  a  student 
of  Princeton  Seminary.  During  the  following  rear  a 
good  church  edifice  was  built  at  Whiting,  which  was  ded- 
icated September  15,  1876. 

WHITING    M.  E.   CHURCH. 

This  church  was  built  about  1866,  according  to  Rev. 
(t.  W.  Simpson,  who  was  at  one  time  its  pastor. 

WEST    CREEK    M.    E.    CHURCH. 

In  an  article  published  in  the  New  Jersey  Courier, 
May  25,  1881,  Mrs.  Leah  Blackman  says :  *'  Between 
fifty  and  sixty  years  ago  there  was  a  Methodist  Church 
built  at  West  Creek,  and  the  meetings  in  the  old  school- 
house  were  given  up.  A  few  years  ago  another  Metho- 
dist Church  was  erected  at  West  Creek,  and  the  old 
church  was  sold  to  the  Baptists,  who  now  have  a  society 
there." 

The  new  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  at  West  Creek 
was  dedicated  December  17,  1868,  daring  the  pastorate 
of  Rev.  W.  S.  McCowan. 

The  most  prominent  member  of  the  society  at  this 
place  for  very  many  years  was  the  late  Hon.  Joel  Hay- 
wood, who,  as  a  local  minister,  was  well  and  favorably 
known  throughout  the  lower  part  of  the  county. 

A  debt  of  $1,200  which  the  West  Creek  M.  E.  Church 
owed,  was  entirely  paid  off  about  the  beginning  of  1883, 
while  Rev.  E.  T.  Gwynn  was  pastor.  Of  the  amount,  the 
late  Esquire  John  Willets  gave  $400. 

BAPTIST   CHURCH.    WEST    CREEK. 

At  a  meeting  held  July  13,  1876,  Charles  A.  Mott, 
moderator;  Dr.  T.  T.  Price,  clerk,  the  following  trustees 
were  elected ;  Charles  Cox,  Jonathan  Shinn,  Charles 
Parsons,  Samuel  Headlev,  Jr.,  Samuel  E.  Shinn,  Bodine 
Parker,  Joseph  King.    Certificate  recorded  July  20,  1876. 

STAFFOEDVILLE    M.    E.    CHURCH. 

The  corner-stone  of  a  M.  E.  Church  at  this  place 
was  laid  June  12,  1876,  Revs.  Graw,  Sykes,  Simpson  and 
Parker  officiating. 


RELIGIOUS    SOCIETIES.  263 

A  clergymen's  SETTLEMEM. 
About  1877  a  tract  of  about  seven  hundred  acres, 
lying  about  half-way  between  Barnegat  and  Mannahaw- 
kin,  and  a  little  west  of  the  main  shore  road,  was  bought 
by  Kev.  Messrs.  R.  S.  Arndt,  H.  D.  Opdyke,  Keifer, 
Wright,  Middleton,  C.  E.  Little  and  D.  Habrom,  and 
divided  into  one  hundred  acres  for  each  owner,  which 
they  commenced  clearing  up  and  improving.  The  land 
proved  productive,  and  on  it  good  crops  of  corn,  grain 
and  fruits  of  different  kinds  were  raised.  Good  dwellings 
and  outbuildings  were  erected.  The  owners  were  mem- 
bers of  the  New  Jersey  M.  E.  Conference,  and  they  put 
their  places  under  care  of  hired  employees  or  tenants, 
occasionally  visiting  the  place  for  rest  and  recuperation. 

MAXXAHAWKIN    DIVISION    SONS    OF    TEMPERANCE,    NO.    54. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation  of  tins  Division  was 
■dated  June  15, 1850,  and  signed  by  Isaiah  Cranmer,  W.  P., 
and  Isaac  P.  Peckworth,  K.  S. 

CEDAR    RUN    M.    E.    CHURCH. 

The  corner-stone  of  the  M.  E.  Church  at  Cedar  Run, 
near  Mannahawkin,  was  laid  November  20,  1874,  Revs. 
Ballard,  Graw,  Parker  and  Clark  assisting.  The  church 
was  dedicated  December  15,  1880. 

The  name  of  Unionville  was  given  to  Cedar  Ptun 
about  a  dozen  years  ago. 

CEDAR   GROVE   M.   E.    CHURCH. 

The  M.  E.  Church  at  Cedar  Grove,  in  Stafford  town- 
ship, near  Job  Corlies'  residence,  was  dedicated  Decem- 
ber 24,  1874.  The  certificate  of  incorporation,  filed  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1875,  named  the  following  trustees  :  Reuben  C. 
Corlies,  John  Bowers,  Job  M.  Corlies,  John  G.  Corlies, 
Joshua  M.  Corlies,  Samuel  Stackhouse,  Jr.,  William 
Cranmer. 

An  effort  was  made  about  1880  to  change  the  name 
of  Cedar  Grove  to  Corlisville. 

MAXNHAWKIN   BAPTIST    CHURCH. 
The  early  history  of  this  church  is  given  in  the  chap- 


264  HISTOliY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ter  relating  to  ancient  churches  in  the  county.  A  certifi- 
cate of  incorporation  of  this  church  was  filed  at  Toms 
River,  May  18,  1857,  which  states  that  the  following 
trustees  were  elected  April  27,  1857  :  Jarvis  H.  Brown, 
Amos  B.  Brown,  John  B.  Crane,  Jr.,  Stacey  Gennings 
and  Joseph  R.  ( )liphant. 

The  church  was  rebuilt  and  dedicated  July  10,  1867, 
when  Rev.  Mr.  Smith,  of  Bloomfield,  N.  J.,  preached  the 
dedicatory  sermon,  Rev.  Joseph  Perry,  of  Philadelphia; 
Rev.  Mr.  Connolly,  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
and  Rev.  Edwin  S.  Browe,  the  pastor,  assisting  in  the 
services.  The  cost  of  rebuilding,  including  furnishing, 
was  about  $2,776.  A  balance  of  $600,  due  dedication 
day,  was  all  raised  on  that  day,  and  the  church  thus 
cleared  from  debt.  The  whole  amount,  except  $200,  was 
raised  in  the  vicinity. 

The  centennial  of  the  organization  of  the  Baptist 
Society  here  was  celebrated  August  25,  1870,  on  which 
occasion,  among  the  speakers,  was  Rev.  Daniel  Kelsey, 
who  had  been  a  former  pastor  for  nine  years,  and  also  a 
teacher,  but  had  been  away  about  twenty-two  years.  He 
was  accompanied  by  his  two  sons,  born  in  the  village, 
one  of  whom  was  also  a  Baptist  minister. 

At  a  meeting  held  September  5,  1876,  Charles  A. 
Mott,  moderator;  Jarvis  H.  Brown,  clerk;  the  following 
trustees  were  elected,  viz  :  Joseph  R,  Oliphant,  Josiah  B. 
Cramner,  Samuel  G.  Peckworth,  Edward  Hazletou,  Jarvis 
H.  Brown. 

Rev.  C.  A.  Mott  preached  his  farewell  sermon  the 
last  Sunday  in  July,  1878,  after  which  he  removed  to 
Yineland. 

Rev.  E.  L.  Stager  became  pastor  February,  L880,  and 
died  April  13,  1882,  aged  35  years. 

A  parsonage  was  erected  in  1882.  Rev.  J.  T.  Bender 
began  preaching  about  January,  L883.  Rev.  W.  H. 
Eldredge  was  pastor  January,  1884. 

MAXXAHAWKIX    METHODIST    EPISCOPAL   CHURCH. 
The  trustees  of  Mannahawkin  M.  E.  Church  named 


RELIGIOUS    SOCIETIES.  265 

March  12,  L803  (Book  N,  page  630,  Freehold  records), 
were  Benjamin  Seaman,  Samuel  Bennett,  Edward  Lamb- 
son,  Benjamin  Randolph,  Henry  Pearson,  Thomas  Ran- 
dolph, Nathan  (Crane?)  Levi  Camburn  and  William 
Randolph.  The  di'i'd  for  church  lot  to  them  from  Reu- 
ben Randolph  on  thai  date,  gave  bounds  thus: 

Begins  five  feet  from  west  end  of  school  house,  and 
runs — 

S.   88    \Y.    1  chain  75  links. 
S.     2  E.    1      "      50     " 
N.  88  E.    1      "      75     " 
N.    2  W.  1      "      50     " 

Containing  one-quarter  acre  more  or  less.  Con- 
sideration, ten  dollars.  Witnesses,  David  Bartine,  Stacy 
Watkinson. 

The  witness,  David  Bartine,  was  probably  the  noted 
Methodist  minister  of  that  name. 

The  corner-stone  of  a  new  edifice  for  the  society  was 
laid  August  7,  1872,  and  the  church  dedicated  August  6, 
1874.  In  the  Summer  and  Fall  of  1883  the  entire  upper 
story  of  the  building  was  taken  down  and  reconstructed, 
and  the  edifice  raised  ten  feet.  lu  January,  1884,  the  re- 
constructed church  was  dedicated,  Bishop  Harris,  Rev- 
Dr.  Hanlon  and  the  pastor,  Rev.  W.  E.  Perry,  officiating. 

HERBEBTSVILLE. 

This  is  a  village  situated  in  Brick  township,  about 
one  mile  west  of  the  Manasquan  River,  and  four  and  a 
half  from  the  Atlantic.  The  population  is  about  three 
hundred,  mostly  employed  in  farming.  There  is  a  Metho- 
dist Church  ;  a  public  school,  with  seventy  pupils;  two 
saw-mills,  one  steam  and  one  water;  and  two  brickyards 
Its  chief  attractions  are  the  fertility  of  the  soil  and  the 
handsome  farms  by  which  it  is  surrounded,  its  fine  ele- 
vated situation  near  the  banks  of  the  beautiful  Manas- 
quan, and  its  wholesome  air. 

The  M.  E.  Church  at  this  place  was  dedicated  Jan- 
uary 30,  bS7(>,  Revs.  Craw  and  tt  sokes  officiating. 

A  post-office  was  established  at  Herbertsville  in 
August,  1884 


266  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

BAPTISTS   IN   BRICK   TOWNSHIP. 

The  Baptist  Century  Book  says  that  "  the  Baptist 
Church  of  Squan  and  Dover  "  was  received  into  the  Bap- 
tist Association  in  October,  1805,  and  the  same  year 
Samuel  Haven  was  a  delegate,  and  the  society  had  thirty- 
eight  members.  In  1807  Samuel  Haven  was  again  a 
delegate,  and  the  church  reported  forty-five  members. 

The  Orient  Baptist  Church  was  built  in  1857,  at  a 
cost  of  $1,500.     Its  size  was  26  by  35  feet. 

FIRST    BAPTIST    CHURCH    OF    KETTLE    CREEK. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation  of  the  First  Baptist 
Church  at  Kettle  Creek,  in  Brick  township,  recorded 
May  8,  1855,  states  that  the  following  trustees  were 
elected  at  a  meeting  held  January  29,  1855  :  Cornelius 
Strickland,  Peter  W.  Havens,  Isaac  Osborn,  Lewis  John- 
son, William  Dowdney. 

BETHEL   M.    E.    CHURCH. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  at  Bethel  (Lake- 
wood  charge)  had  dedicatory  services  November  30  and 
December  1,  1867.  Rev.  E.  H.  Stokes,  the  pastor,  Rev. 
S.  H.  Asay  and  others  participated. 

CEDAR    BRIDGE   M.    E.    CHURCH — BRICK  TOWNSHIP. 

The  trustees  of  this  church,  named  in  the  certificate  of 
incorporation  March  14,  1854,  were  David  C.  Woolley, 
William  M.  Woolley,  John  C.  Wardell,  B.  H.  Fielder, 
William  Clayton,  William  Downey,  Thomas  Tilton. 

SILVERTON    M.    E.    CHURCH. 

At  a  meeting  held  July  19,  1873,  five  trustees  were 
elected.  The  proceedings  were  signed  by  Miles  McKel- 
vey,  President ;  Cornelius  Hawkins,  Secretary  ;  and  Rev. 
E.  B.  Lake,  Witness,  but  trustees'  names  are  not  given 
in  the  certificate,  which  was  filed  July  21,  1873. 

POINT    PLEASANT    M.    E.  CHURCH. 

At  a  meeting  of  friends  of  this  society,  of  which 
Barton  Twiford  was  chairman  in  1853,  the  following  per- 
sons   were    elected  trustees:     John   C.  Curtis,  John  M. 


EARLY   SETTLERS.  267 

Reynolds  nud  William  L.  Chadwick.  The  certificate  was 
filed  February  19,  1853.  Another  certificate  of  incorpo- 
ration was  dated  October  24,  1870,  which  states  that  at  a 
meeting  held  September  IS,  1870,  the  following  persons 
were  elected  trustees :  Thompson  B.  Pearce,  William  H. 
Bennetts,  James  Loveland,  William  P.  Stout,  William  I! 
Pearce.     A  new  church  was  dedicated  August  13,  1876. 

rOINT   PLEASANT    PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH. 

This  church  was  completed  in  February,  1883,  and 
first  services  held  the  11th  of  the  same  month.  The 
society  was  incorporated  Nov.  11,  1882,  and  the  corpora- 
tors were  Charles  E.  Knox,  Julius  Fostei*,  Frederick*  M. 
Trask,  Richard  C.  Marley  and  A.  V.  D.  Schenck.  Rev. 
Samuel  Y.  Luin  was  pastor  1886-7. 

BAPTISTS   AT   POINT   PLEASANT. 

In  July,  1887,  the  Borough  Hall  was  tendered  to  the 
Baptists,  by  the  Mayor,  for  religious  purposes.  These 
were  conducted  by  Rev.  Mr.  Wilkinson. 

ST.    MARY    BY    THE    SEA    P.    E.    CHURCH. 

The  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  at  Point  Pleasant, 
"  St.  Mary  by  the  Sea,"  was  contracted  for  April  24,  1880, 
and  July  4th  the  building  was  finished  and  services  held 
in  it.  Services  were  conducted  by  Rev.  Dr.  Hills.  The 
church  was  dedicated  August  4,  1881,  by  Bishop  Scar- 
borough. 

EARLY  SETTLERS— CREATION  OF  TOWNSHIPS, 

ETC. 


BRICK    TOWNSHIP. 

The  township  of  Brick  was  originally  established  in 
the  same  act  creating  the  County  of  Ocean,  approved 
February  15,  1850.     Its  bounds  were  thus  described : 

So  much  of  the  township  of  Dover  as  lies  north  of  a 
line  running  east  from  a  point  where  the  line  between 
the  townships  of  Jackson  and  Howell  meet  the  Dover 
township  line;  thence  a  straight  line  to  Polhemus'  mills, 


268  HISTORY.    OF    MONttOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

on  the  south  branch  of  Kettle  creek;  thence  along  said 
creek  to  the  baj  ;  thence  across  the  bay  to  the  sea,  and 
all  those  parts  of  the  townships  of  Howell  and  Dover 
included  in  the' following  boundaries,  viz.:  Beginning  at 
Manasquan  inlet  and  mouth  of  Manasquan  river;  thence 
up  the  middle  of  said  river  to  the  first  I  nidge  over  the 
same:  thence  westerlv  to  a  corner  on  the  south  side  of 
said  rivei.  near  the  old  bridge;  thence  a  south-westerly 
course  till  it  strikes  the  road  leading  to  Jackson's  mills; 
thence  along  said  road  till  it  meets  the  line  between 
Jackson  and  Howell  townships  ;  thence  along  said  line 
to  the  Dover  township  line  ;  thence  a  straight  line  to 
Pohlhemus'  mills,  on  the  south  branch  of  Kettle  creek; 
thence  along  said  creek,  the  several  courses  thereof,  to 
the  bay  :  thence  across  the  bay  to  the  sea  :  thence  along 
the  sea  to  the  place  of  beginning. 

The  first  town  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
township  of  Brick  was  by  the  above  act  directed  to  lie 
held  at  the  house  of  Richard  Burr,  Burrsville,  on  the 
second  Tuesday  in  March.  1850. 

OCEAN    TOWNSHIP. 

The  act  establishing  the  township  of  Ocean  was 
approved  April  13,  1876,  and  thus  defines  its  bounds: 

All  that  part  of  the  townships  of  Union  ami  Lacey, 
in  the  county  of  Ocean,  l}ing  within  the  following 
boundaries,  that  is  to  say  :  Beginning  at  the  sea  and 
running,  first,  north  sixty-seven  and  a  half  degrees  west 
to  the  mouth  of  Little  Horse  Neck  Creek,  known  as  the 
north  fork  of  Lochiel  branch;  thence,  second,  westerly 
n)i  said  branch  to  the  bridge  on  the  main  shore  road 
leading  from  Barnegat  to  Waretown;  thence,  third,  north 
fifty-seven  degrees  west  to  the  north  side  of  the  Hezekiah 
Soper  old  house  standing  on  the  westerly  side  of  the  old 
main  load:  thence,  fourth,  north  seventy-eight  degrees 
west  to  the  Pancoast  road:  thence,  fifth,  westerly  along 
said  Pancoast  road  to  a  stone  on  the  north  side  of  said 
load  on  the  east  line  of  a  tract  of  land  containing  about 
one    hundred  and   seventy-five  acres   now  belonging   to 


KAIM.V   8ETTLER8.  269 

Samuel    Birdsall,    said   stone    being    twenty-one    chains 
easterly  from  where  the  middle  of  the  Barnegal  straighl 

road  to  Cedar  Bridge  crosses  said  PailCOast  load;  thence, 
sixth,  north  sixty-seven  and  a  half  degrees  west  to  a 
point  where  the  road  Leading  from  Milhille  to  the 
Barnegat  and  Cellar  Bridge  straight  road  intersects  said 
line;  thence,  seventh,  northerly  to  a  point  where  tie 
Jones  road  crosses  the  Wells  Mills  road;  thence  north- 
westerly on  or  along  said  Jones  road  to  the  south  line  of 
Lacey  township;  thence,  eighth,  easterly  along  the 
southerly  line  of  said  Lacey  township  to  the  mouth  of 
oyster  creek ;  thence,  ninth,  south  seventy-seven  degrees, 
forty-rive  minutes  east  to  the  sea;  thence,  tenth,  along 
the  edge  of  the  sea,  crossing  Barnegat  inlet  to  the  begin- 
ning. 

STA FF0RD    TO W XS  HIP. 

Stafford  was  set  off  from  the  lower  part  of  old  Shrews- 
bury township  in  1749.  The  patent  creating  the  town- 
ship was  issued  in  the  reign  of  George  II.,  and  is  now 
preserved  in  the  office  of  the  County  Clerk  at  Toms  River. 
It  is  the  oldest  public  official  document  relating  to  the 
present  county  of  Ocean.  It  is  on  parchment  with  the 
great  seal  of  the  Province  of  New  Jersey  affixed.  The 
following  is  a  copy  of 

The  Patent  <>f  Staifvrd  Township,  Ocea/n  Go-anty : 
( reorge  the  Second  by  the  Grace  of  God  of  Great  Brit- 
ain. France  and  Ireland,  King  Defender  of  the  Faith,  &C. 
to  all  to  whom  these  presents  shall  come  Greeting  Know 
ye  that  we  of  our  especial  Grace  certain  knowledge  and 
meer  motion  have  Given  and  Granted  and  by  these  Pres- 
ents Do  Give  and  Grant  for  us  our  Heirs  and  Successors  to 
the  Inhabitants  of  the  South  western  part  of  the  Town- 
ship of  Shrewsbury  in  our  County  of  Monmouth  in  our 
Province  of  New  Jersey  Within  the  following  bound- 
aries i  to  wit)  BEGINNING  at  Old  Barnegat  Inlet  and  from 
the  North  End  of  the  Beach  lying  to  the  Southward  of 
the  said  Inlet,  running  over  the  Bay  North  forty-six  de- 
gree s    West   five    Miles   and    thirty-seven   chains   to   the 


270  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Mouth  of  Oyster  Creek  and  then  "West  Eleven  Miles  and 
Seventy  chains  to  Pine  tree  in  the  South  West  plain  in 
the  Old  partition  line  of  East  and  West  Jersey  formerly 
run  by  George  Keith  thence  bounded  by  the  said  Old  Di- 
vision line  South  Nineteen  degrees  East  Nineteen  Miles 
and  Sixty  Chains  to  the  south  Stationary  Point  of  Di- 
vision between  East  and  West  Jersey  at  the  Main  Sea 
North  Easterly  to  the  place  of  Beginning  according  to 
the  plan  hereunto  annexed  to  be  and  remain  a  Perpetual 
Township  and  Community  in  Word  and  in  Deed  to  be 
called  and  known  by  the  name  of  the  Township  of  Staf- 
ford. And  we  further  Grant  to  the  said  Inhabitants  of  the 
Township  aforesaid  and  their  Successors  to  choose  an- 
nually two  Commissioners  of  the  High  Ways,  one  Over- 
seer of  the  High  Ways,  one  Overseer  of  the  Poor,  one 
Assessor,  one  Town  Collector,  and  one  Constable  for  the 
Town  aforesaid  and  to  have  hold  and  Enjoy  all  other 
Privileges  Rights  Liberties  and  Immunities  that  any 
other  Township  in  our  said  Province  do  or  may  of  right 
Enjoy.  And  the  said  Inhabitants  are  hereby  Constituted 
and  appointed  a  township  by  the  Name  aforesaid.  To 
have  hold  and  enjoy  the  Privileges  aforesaid  to  them  In 
Testimony  whereof  we  have  caused  these  our  Letters  to 
be  made  patent  and  the  Great  Seal  of  our  Province  of 
New  Jersey  to  be  hereunto  affixed.  Witness  our  Trusty 
and  well  beloved  Jonathan  Belcher  EsQitrour  Captain 
General  and  Governor  in  chief  in  and  over  our  Province 
of  Nova  Cresarea  or  New  Jersey  and  Territories  thereon 
depending  in  America,  Chancellor  and  Vice  Admiral  in 
the  Same  Ac.  at  Burlington  the  third  day  of  March  in  the 
twenty  third  year  of  our  Reign  A.  D.  MDCCXLIX. 

"  The  Plan  annexed "  is  on  paper,  and  has  but  a 
fragment  left.  It  begins  with  the  words:  "The  Bounds 
of  Stafford  Township  in  Monmouth  county,  and  ends  with 
the  date  February,  10  1749-50.  It  is  in  a  different  hand 
writing.  The  Patent  is  on  parchment,  and  the  chiro- 
graphy  is  beautiful. 

The  endorsement  on  the  back  reads:  "Let  the  Great 
Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  Jersey  be  hereunto  affixed. 


EARLY.   8ETTLER8.  271 

To  the  Secretary  of  the  Province  of  New  Jersey. 

J.  Belcher. 

"Recorded  in  the  Secretary's  Office  in  Burlington  in 
Lib.  A  A  A.  of  Commissions  fol.  305  Arc.      J.  Read,  Regr. 

The  inline  Stafford  whs  probably  given  through  the 
influence  of  -James  Haywood,  as  the  Haywood  family  was 

an  ancient  family  of  Staffordshire  in  England. 

Benjamin  Paul  was  born  at  Deghton,  Mass.,  and  de- 
scended from  William  Paul,  who  came  from  England  in 
1635.  Luke  Courtenay,  it  is  said,  was  born  in  England 
and  came  to  this  country  just  before  the  Revolution. 

During  the  war  (in  December,  1780,)  a  shocking  ca- 
lamity occurred  at  Manahawkin,  by  which  several  lives 
were  lost.  A  dwellinghouse  owned  by  William  Pidgeon, 
on  what  was  once  known  as  the  Haywood  place,  took  fire 
and  burned  down.  Captain  Isaac  Andrews  lived  in  the 
house.  His  two  daughters,  one  white  hired  man  and  two 
colored  men  were  burned  to  death,  so  rapid  wras  the  fire, 
occasioned  by  a  high  wind.  Sis  persons  in  the  house 
managed  to  escape,  but  without  apparel.  Mr.  Pidgeon 
at  the  time  was  ill  in  the  house,  and  got  somewhat  burned, 
but  leaped  out  of  a  second-story  window  and  was  then 
taken  to  a  neighboring  house ;  he  was  taken  worse  from 
excitement,  and  caught  cold  that  night,  having  been  re- 
moved in  his  shirt,  and  died  a  fewr  days  after. 

James  HaywTood,  said  to  be  from  near  Coventry, 
England,  bought  land  in  Stafford  in  1743,  and  is  frequent- 
ly  named  subsequently  in  deeds,  and  he  also  was  the 
chief  man  in  building  the  old  church,  originally  a  free 
church,  but  subsequently  known  as  the  Baptist  church. 
Thomas,  George  and  William  Haywood  are  named  be- 
tween 1760  and  1770  and  subsequently  Reuben,  Thomas 
and  Job  Randolph,  Nathan  and  Seth  Crane,  Louis  Pang- 
born,  Luke  Courtenay,  David  and  Thomas  Johnson,  Ben- 
jamin P.  Pearson,  Benjamin  Paul  and  Zachariah  Southard 
were  settled  here  previous  to  the  Revolution,  and  bore  an 
honorable  share  in  that  war.  The  Randolphs  probably 
came  from  Middlesex,  and  Cranes,  Pangborn  and  Pear- 
son from  Essex. 


272  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

The  late  William  Aumack,  who  long  lived  at  Cedar 
Creek,  built,  about  fifty  years  ago,  the  old  storehouse  at 
Manahawkin,  in  the  uppar  part  of  the  village;  he  was 
father  of  John  Aumack,  now  of  Toms  River,  Ex-Sheriff 
B.  F.  Aumack  and  Elijah  and  other  children,  and  he  sat 
up  some  of  his  sons  in  business  here,  and  they  carried 
on  an  extensive  business  for  a  number  of  years  in  mer- 
chandise, charcoal,  etc.  After  them  Henry  C,  and  Hor- 
ton  Gulick  had  the  stand.  Among  their  successors  in  the 
same  stand  were  Randolph  <v.  Abbott,  Allen  A:  Son, 
Joshua  S.  Lawson,  Charles  M.  Sloan,  Sprague  &  Oli- 
phant,  Alfred  Brown,  I.  M.  Inman,  Lewis  B.  Peckworth 
and  Peckworth  &  Bros.,  wdio  in  1880,  sold  to  Charles  H. 
Cranmer. 

Manahawkin  seems  to  have  been  one  of  the  earliest 
settled  places  in  Ocean  county.  The  name  is  said  to  be 
from  Indian  words  signifying  good  land  or  good  land  for 
corn.  The  name  was  anciently  written  Mannahocking 
and  Manahocking. 

Among  early  settlers  was  Nicholas  Brown,  who  died 
about  the  beginning  of  1724.  He  came  from  Burlington 
and  was  the  son  of  Abraham  Brown,  who  came  to  that 
county  from  Monmouth  and  was  of  Rhode  Island  origin. 
Nicholas  Brown  had  wife  Elizabeth,  and  sons  Abraham 
and  Joseph  and  daughters. 

EAGLESWOOD    TOWNSHIP. 

The  act  creating  this  township  was  approved  March 
17,  1874.  The  bounds  of  the  township  are  thus  set 
forth  : 

All  that  part  of  the  township  of  Stafford  contained 
within  the  following  bounds :  Beginning  at  a  stone  in 
the  main  highway  leading  from  West  Creek  to  Manna- 
hawkin,  in  a  north-easterly  direction  one  hundred  and 
ninety-five  chains  and  forty  links  from  the  middle  of 
West  Creek  mill  stream ;  thence  runs,  first,  north  forty- 
five  degrees  west,  by  a  straight  line  to  the  Burlington 
and  Ocean  county  line  ;  thence,  second,  bounded  by  and 
following  the  said  line  between   Burlington  and   Ocean 


i:Ai;n   Miii  i  rs.  273 

counties,  in  a  south-easterly  direction  t<>  the  Atlantic 
Ocean,  and  thence  running  in  a  north-easterly  direction 
to  a  point  south-fast  From  the  place  of  beginning. 

The  first  town  meeting  in  Eagleswood  was  fixed  to  be 
held  at  the  bouse  of  George  Gaskell,  West  Creek,  <>n  the 
second  Tuesday  in  April.  L874 

W.-st  Creek  was  one  of  the  earliest,  if  not  the 
earliest  settled  places  in  the  present  county  of  Ocean. 
The  name  was  anciently  given  as  Westeconk  or  Weste- 
cunk,  an  Indian  name,  probably  signifying  "a  place  to 
get  meat  or  eatables,"  and  indicating  that  this  was  a 
place  of  resort  for  oysters,  fish,  clams,  etc.  Among  the 
first  settlers  at  West  Creek  was  Gervas  Pharo,  son  of 
James  and  Ann,  born  in  Lincolnshire,  England,  3  mo.  15, 
1675.  He  came  to  this  country  with  his  parents  in  the 
ship  Shields,  in  1678.  His  father  died  in  1688,  when  he 
was  only  13  years  old.  He  was  left,  by  his  father's  will, 
two  or  three  tracts  of  land,  one  of  which,  in  Springfield, 
was  the  one  on  which  his  parents  resided.  In  1706  he 
sold  this  to  his  brother-in-law,  Richard  Ridgway  2d,  and 
not  long  after  moved  to  West  Creek.  In  1701  he  married 
at  Hempstead,  L.  I.,  Elizabeth  Willetts,  daughter  of 
Hope  and  Mary,  of  that  place.  The  same  year  Richard 
Ridgway,  2d,  married  Mary  Willetts,  another  daughter 
of  Hope  and  Mary,  who  are  described  then  as  of  Jerusa- 
lem L.  I..  Gervas  Pharo  died  in  1756,  leaving  an  only 
son  named  James,  from  whom  descend  the  Pharos  of 
Little  Egg  Harbor  and  Ocean  county.  Members  of  the 
Willetts,  or  Willis  and  Cranmer  families  were  also  among 
early  settlers. 

LACEY   TOWNSHIP — (iEN'KRAL   JuH.V    LACEY. 

Lacey  township  derives  its  name  from  General  John 
Lacey,  who,  in  the  Summer  and  Fall  of  1809,  built  at 
Ferrago  the  first  forge  and  also  dwelling  houses,  barns, 
stables,  etc.,  there ;  and  bought  large  tracts  of  land  in 
that  vicinity.  In  1810  he  applied  for  authority  to  have  a 
road  laid  out  from  Forked  River  Landing  to  Ferrago  and 
thence  on  to  Hanover  Furnace.     In  September,  1810,  the 


274  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Supreme  Court  appointed  as  Commissioners  three  men 
from  Burlington  county  and  three  from  Monmouth.  From 
Burlington,  the  men  appointed  were  Eli  Mathis,  Daniel 
(Mathis?)  and  John  Irick  ;  from  Monmouth,  John  Hay- 
wood, James  Edwards  and  Abraham  Woolley.  The  re- 
turn was  dated  October  13,  1810.  The  length  from 
Forked  River  Landing  to  south  end  of  the  dam  at  Ferrago 
was  eight  and  one  quarter  miles,  less  three  chains ;  four 
rods  wide  from  Hanover  to  Forked  River  landing. 

This  road,  the  well  known  "Lacey  road,"  was  run 
out  by  John  Black,  at  one  time  President  of  the  Mount 
Holl}'  Bank,  who,  when  a  young  man,  followed  surveying. 

In  1740  there  was  a  landing  on  the  north  branch  of 
Forked  River  and  a  cart-way  from  swamp  to  the  landing 
is  named  in  a  survey  of  that  year. 

Robert  Hulett  and  Moses  May  had  dwellings  near 
Goodluck  between  1740  and  1750 ;  there  was  at  this  time 
at  Forked  River,  a  bridge  over  north  branch  and  also 
an  "upper  bridge."  A  new  causway  was  also  then  built. 
In  1748  James  Holmes  bought  70  acres  of  land  near 
Robert  Hulett's  house. 

Samuel  Worden,  or  Warden,  as  it  was  recorded,  had 
salt  works  at  Forked  River  in  1754.  Between  1750  and 
1760  Peter  Peshine  had  dwelling  on  north  branch,  and 
John  Towson  or  Tozer,  in  1750,  had  dwelling  between 
south  branch  and  Oyster  Creek  ;  about  the  same  time 
John  Bird  lived  between  Forked  River  and  Goodluck. 
In  1770  Benjamin  Allison  lived  between  middle  and 
south  branches  of  Forked  River.  James  Mills  took  up 
land  uear  bridge  on  north  branch,  1780-90,  and  had  a  pub- 
lic house  on  the  site  of  the  present  Lafayette  House. 
John  Winnow  or  Winner  at  same  time  had  dwelling  be- 
tween north  and  middle  branches,  west  of  main  road,  on 
the  place  owned  in  late  years  by  Daniel  Chamberlain, 
deceased. 

Thomas  Parker  and  Francis  Letts  together  bought 
land  on  Cedar  Creek  in  1792 ;  and  Thomas  Parker 
bought,  in  1805,  fifty  acres  between  north  and  middle 
branches.     About  this  time    his  son  Anthony  settled  at 


EARL?    SETTLERS,    ETC.  275 

Forked    River,   near  where   the  Riverside   hotel   now  is. 

At  Cedar  Creek,  among   persons  who  early  took  up 

land    were    Gabriel    and     David    Woodmansee,   sons   of 

Thomas.  David  owned  the  .Judge  D.  I.  C.  Rogers  place. 
They  were  settled  here  at  leasl  as  early  as  1749.  David's 
sons,  Samuel,  James  and  Gabriel, settled  between  Stout's 
Creek  and  north  branch  of  Forked  River. 

Thomas  Potter,  Sr.,  and  his  son,  Thomas  Potter,  the 
t'rieud  of  Rev.  John  Murray,  were  settlers  at  Goodluck 
about  1750. 

John  Holmes,  called  "the  Elder,"'  took  up  land  near 
the  V  pper  Mill,  Forked  River,  1759  and  '60  ;  and  another 
John  Holmes,  who  married  Catharine  Brown  in  1764, 
lived  at  the  mill  before  and  during  the  Revolution. 
Samuel  Brown,  brother  of  John  Holmes'  wife,  had  a 
place  on  south  branch  of  Forked  River.  After  the  war 
he  moved  to  Mannahawkin. 

Caleb  Falkinburg  took  up  land  in  1803  between 
Forked  River  and  Stout's  Creek.  His  house  was  on  the 
place  owned  by  the  late  Captain  Joseph  Holmes. 

The  first  settlers  of  Lacey  generally  located  some 
distance  east  of  the  main  shore  road,  and  not  far  from 
where  the  uplands  join  the  meadows.  Their  dwellings 
in  this  vicinity  were  generally  situated  about  in  a  line 
from  the  old  Captain  Benjamin  Stout  farm,  east  of  Good- 
luck  Church,  across  Stout's  Creek,  by  the  Joseph  Holmes 
and  James  Jones  places,  and  thence  to  the  south  side  of 
Forked  River,  by  the  old  James  Chamberlain  or  Ezekiel 
Lewis  place,  and  James  Anderson's ;  then  across  Oyster 
Creek,  by  the  old  Camburn  homestead.  And  the  original 
main  route  of  travel  along  here  appears  to  have  been  by 
these  places.  Then  the  little  north  branch  of  Forked 
River,  now  known  as  Bridge  Creek,  had  a  bridge  over  it, 
and  there  was  a  ferry  across  Forked  River,  nearly  oppo- 
site the  old  Wells  swamp,  at  the  place  still  called  "  The 
Ferry  "  by  old  residents. 

A  century  ago,  the  most  noted  residents  appear  to 
have  been  :  David  Woodmansee,  who  lived  on  the  place 
now  owned  by  Judge  D.  I.  C.  Rogers ;  Thomas  Potter, 


27()  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

who  lived  on  the  farm  east  of  Goodluck  Church ;  Samuel, 
James  and  Gabriel  Woodmansee,  sons  of  David,  who 
lived  on  the  James  Jones  and  Joseph  Holmes  farms  ; 
Samuel  Brown,  who  lived  on  the  old  Wright  place  on 
south  branch  of  Forked  River  ;  and  John  Holmes,  who 
lived  at  the  upper  mill,  Forked  River. 

Rev.  John  Price,  who  was  made  Major  after  the  war, 
moved  to  Goodluck  two  or  three  years  before  the  war 
ended.  There  was  a  tavern  at  Goodluck  before  the  war, 
and  one  just  over  Cedar  Creek  during  the  war. 

The  act  establishing  the  township  of  Lacey  was 
approved  March  23,  1871.  and  its  bounds  are  thus  de- 
scribed : 

"  All  that  part  of  the  townships  of  Union  and  Dover, 
in  the  county  of  Ocean,  contained  within  the  following- 
boundaries,  that  is  to  say :  Beginning  at  a  point  in  the 
line  between  the  counties  of  Ocean  and  Burlington  where 
the  southerly  and  easterly  line  of  Manchester  township 
meets  the  same ;  thence,  first,  along  said  township  line 
in  a  north-easterly  direction  to  a  point  where  the  road 
from  Giberson's  mill  to  Dover  Forge  crosses  said  town- 
ship line  ;  thence,  second,  easterly  along  said  road  to 
Dover  Forge  ;  thence,  third,  south-easterly  along  Guise's 
road,  by  Dover  Forge  pond,  to  the  middle  of  Cedar  Creek ; 
thence,  fourth,  along  the  middle  of  Cedar  Creek  to  its 
junction  with  Barnegat  Bay  ;  thence,  fifth,  on  a  course 
due  east  to  the  Atlantic  Ocean ;  thence,  sixth,  southerly 
along  said  Atlantic  Ocean  to  the  north  side  of  Barnegat 
Inlet ;  thence,  seventh,  on  a  course  westerly  to  the  mouth 
of  Oyster  Creek ;  thence,  eighth,  westerly  along  said 
Oyster  Creek  .to  where  the  road  from  Waretown  to  the 
head  of  Factory  or  south  branch  of  Cedar  Creek,  known 
as  Stout's  Road,  crosses  the  same  ;  thence,  ninth,  westerly 
in  a  straight  line  to  the  head  of  said  Factory  branch,  on 
the  division  line  between  Dover  and  Union  townships  ; 
thence,  tenth,  south-westerly  along  said  division  line  to 
the  county  line  of  Burlington  and  Ocean ;  thence,  eleventh, 
along  said  line  north-westerly  to  the  place  of  begin- 
ning." 


EARLY    SETTLERS,    ETC.  '277 

The  first  town  meeting  was  appointed  to  be  held  ;it 
the  house  of  Martin  Hall,  .it  Forked  River,  on  the  second 
Tuesday  in  April,  1871. 

FERRAGO-BAMBER. 

Ferragp  came  into  possession  of  Reuben  Rockwell,  a 
native  of  Vermont,  who  came  to  what  is  now  Ocean 
county  about  1843.  Mr.  Rockwell  was  informed  that 
the  milldam  was  unusually  costly,  as  near  $10,000  was 
expended  on  it. 

The  ore  in  the  place  had  some  years  before  been 
exhausted,  and  Mr.  Rockwell  and  Joseph  Austin,  who 
was  connected  with  him,  procured  ore  from  up  the  North 
River,  probably  near  Fishkill. 

William  Hurry,  of  New  York,  became  owner  of  the 
Ferrago  tract,  which,  with  other  lands  bought  by  him, 
composed  about  10,000  acres  owned  by  him.  He  named 
the  place  Bamber,  in  remembrance  of  Dr.  John  Bamber, 
of  Barking,  in  Essex  county,  England,  from  whom  his 
mother  was  descended. 

Ferrago  forge  was  built  in  the  Summer  and  Fall  of 
1809  by  General  John  Lacey,  who,  about  the  same  time 
erected  dwelling,  barns,  etc.  It  is  said  that  Lacey  also 
owned  an  interest  in  Hanover  Furnace.  He  wished  to 
establish  a  road  from  Hanover  Furnace,  by  Ferrago,  to 
Forked  River  landing,  and  as  it  would  run  through  two 
counties,  he  had  to  apply  to  the  Supreme  Court  to  have 
commissioners  appointed  to  lay  out  the  road,  which  was 
done  September  10,  1810.  The  commissioners  made 
their  return  October  13,  1810.  The  road  was  to  be  four 
rods  wide  from  Hanover  Furnace  to  Forked  River 
landing. 

The  name  Ferrago  is  from  the  Latin  word  ferrum, 
iron. 

MANCHESTER    TOWNSHIP. 

The  act  creating  the  Township  of  Manchester  was 
approved  April  6,  1865,  and  it  thus  defines  its  bounds : 

All  that  portion  of  the  Township  of  Dover,  in  the 
county  of  Ocean,  lying  and  being  within  the   boundaries 


278  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

as  follows  :  Beginning  in  the  middle  of  the  channel  of  tin- 
north  or  main  branch  of  Toms  River,  at  the  southerly 
boundary  of  the  township  of  Jackson, and  running  thence 
down  the  middle  of  the  channel  of  said  branch  to  Avhere 
it  unites  with  Ridgway  branch.  Thence  to  a  stake  in 
the  main  stage  road  from  Toms  River  to  the  village  of 
Manchester,  which  stake  is  the  dividing  line  between 
lands  of  A.  P.  Stanton  and  the  lands  of  James  Brown,  and 
running  thence  in  a  straight  line  to  a  point  on  the  line 
between  Burlington  and  Ocean  counties,  distance  two 
miles  easterly  from  the  centre  of  the  track  of  the  Dela- 
ware and  Raritan  railroad  ;  thence  north-westerly  along 
the  dividing  line  to  the  south-easterly  line  of  Plumsted 
township.  Thence  along  the  south-easterly  line  of  plum- 
sted and  Jackson  townships  to  the  place  of  beginning. 

The  first  town  meeting  was  designated  to  be  held  at 
the  house  of  Ridgway  Taylor  in  Manchester. 

Solomon  and  Job  Ridgway  bought  land  on  west  side 
of  north  branch  of  Toms  River,  four  miles  above  Schenck's 
mill,  in  1762,  and  other  tracts  at  different  times.  Ridg- 
way's  sawmill  is  frequently  named  1790  to  1800. 

Ridgway's  sawmill  appears  to  have  originally  been 
built  by  James  Hepburn  and  Stephen  Pangborn  before 
1751,  as  surveys  speak  of  Hepburn  &  Pangborn's  mill, 
now  Ridgway's. 

Vanhorne's  new  sawmill  is  named  17-49;  in  1753  Mat. 
Vanhornes  sawmill  place  and  Vanhorne's  brook  are 
named.  Mat.  Vanhorne's  bridge  over  Davenport  is  named 
1760.  In  1795  Tice  Vanhorne's  branch,  Tice  A'anhorne's 
and  Tice  Vanhorne's  old  sawmill  are  named. 

AVlieatland  is  on  the  New  Jersey  railroad,  near  the 
Burlington  county  line. 

Deb  by  Piatt  place  was  a  noted  hotel  where  the  road 
from  the  shore  forks,  one  going  to  Hanover,  another  to 
New  Egypt  and  a  third  to  Collier's  Mills.  It  is  since 
known  as  Boyd's  hotel. 

Ferrago  Station  is  on  the  New  Jersey  Southern  rail- 
road, and  on  the  road  from  Ferrago  or  Bamber  to  Han- 
over. 


BAKL1    BETTLERS,   ETC.  279 

Buckingham  derives  it--  Dame  from  John  Bucking- 
ham, a  native  of  Connecticut,  who  in  early  life  settled  in 
Eatontown,  Monmouth  county,  and  subsequently  removed 
to  the  village  of  Manchester.  Prom  thence  he  moved  to 
the  place  now  known  as  Buckingham,  where  a  steam  saw- 
mill and  two  or  three  dwellings  had  been  put  up  which 
he  purchased. 

The  Pine  Laud  Improvement  Company,  for  improv- 
ing lands  along  the  railroad  between  Manchester  and 
Lakewood,  was  incorporated  December  25,  1883.  The 
incorporators  were  John  E.  Howell,  New  York  ;  Charles 
C.  Lathrop,  Newark  ;  Charles  D.  Morrow,  Newark  ;  J.  R. 
Mallory,  New  York;  John  Torrey,  Monmouth  Beach. 

The  postoffice  at  Manchester  was  established  in 
October,  1841,  and  Henry  L.  Bulkly  was  the  first  post- 
master. The  next  was  Peter  D.  Kneiskern,  appointed 
September  30,  1842.  He  held  the  office  for  a  number  of 
years.     William  Torrey  was  postmaster  about  1853-4. 

Union  sawmill,  built  by  or  before  1750,  was  proba- 
bly at  Manchester,  and  from  it  Union  branch  derived  its 
name. 

The  Revolution  seemed  to  have  thrown  many  saw- 
mills out  of  business,  and  this  mill  must  have  suffered 
with  others. 

A  century  ago  Manchester  was  known  as  Federal 
Forge,  and  then  as  Federal  Furnace. 

A  forge  was  erected  here  about  1789,  it  is  said,  by 
David  Wright  and  Caleb  Ivins.  "  The  old  Federal  House, 
which  was  built  for  the  use  of  David  Wright's  forge," 
and  "  Federal  Company's  coaling  house,"  and  "  David 
Wrights  coaling  ground"  are  named  in  surveys  between 
1795  and  1800.  Federal  furnace  was  built  not  long  be- 
fore 1800  by  John  W.  Godfrey,  of  Philadelphia.  In  1815 
Federal  furnace  was  owned  by  Griffith  Jones  and  I. 
Holmes.  In  surveys  1830  and  thereabouts  "  Dover  fur- 
nace, late  Federal  furnace,"  is  named.  (Dover  forge  was 
on  Cedar  Creek.) 

In  1764,  in  a  survey  to  D.  Knott  on  Hurricane, 
reference  is  made  to  "  the  edge  of   the  place  where  the 


280         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Hurricane  wind  passes  through  the  swamp."  This 
seems  to  imply  that  it  was  thought  Hurricane  derived  its 
name  from  the  hurricane  wind. 

WHITING. 

Nathan  C.  Whiting,  from  whom  Whiting  derives  its 
name,  came  from  New  Haven,  Conn.,  to  Ocean  county 
about  18o '2,  and  purchased  an  extensive  tract  of  wood 
land  and  erected  a  saw-mill,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business.  After  about  twenty  years,  he  sold  out  his 
interest  and  returned  to  New  Haven,  where  he  died  April 
28,  1884.  He  was  a  sou  of  Deacon  Nathan  Whiting, 
editor  of  the  Religious  hitelli'jencer  of  New  Haven. 

Phoenix  Forge,  a  short  distance  below  Federal,  was 
built  by  Jones  &  Wood,  and  at  first  was  called  Lower 
Forge.  It  was  burned  down  and  rebuilt,  and  hence  the 
name  of  Phoenix. 

Mr.  Benjamin.  Snyder,  of  Lake  wood,  says  that 
Samuel  (I.  "Wright  once  owned  Federal  furnace,  and 
after  him  came  Benjamin  B.  Howell,  and  then  his  sons, 
Henry  and  Lewis  Howell,  who  put  up  another  stack. 

William  Torrey  has  an  order  sent  by  General  Wash- 
ington, in  his  own  handwriting,  to  Mr.  Torrey' s  father, 
who  was  a  Colonel  in  the  Revolution,  and  he  also  has 
two  swords  which  belonged  to  his  father.  Colonel  Torrey 
was  present  at  the  execution  of  Major  Andre. 

Mrs.  Torre}-,  wife  of  William  Torrey,  when  a  little 
girl,  sat  at  the  bedside  of  Tom  Paine.  His  room  she 
describes  as  filthy  ;  a  barrel  for  a  table,  a  three-legged 
stool  for  a  chair,  a  dilapidated  bedstead,  etc.  He  had 
on  a  red  nightcap. 

BAYVILLE. 

The  village  of  Bayville,  Ocean  county,  was  formerly 
known  as  Potter's  Creek,  The  name  was  changed  to 
Chaseford,  after  Hon.  S.  P.  Chase,  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury.     From  this  it  was  changed  to  Bayville. 

Among  ancient  settlers  of  this  township  was  John 
Grant,  who  was  among  taxpayers  1764,  and  who  is  fre- 
quently named  in  ancient  records.  John  and  Joseph 
Piatt  were  also  taxpayers  1704. 


KAKI.Y    BETTLERS,    ETC.  28] 

Thomas  Pott  >r,  father  of  the  Thomas  who  was  the 
friend  of  Rev.  John  Murray,  bought  land  in  what  is  now 
Berkeley  in  1756,  and  at  other  times. 

•lohn  Williams  took  up  land  in  the  middle  of  last 
century  and  owned  sawmills,  etc. 

UNION     TOWNSHIP. 

The  township  of  Union  was  originally  established  by 
an  act  approved  February  7,  1846,  entitled,  "An  Act  to 
set  off  from  the  townships  of  Stafford  and  Dover,  in  the 
county  of  Monmouth,  a  new  township  to  be  called  the 
township  of  Union."     Its  bounds  were  thus  described  : 

"  Beginning  at  the  sea,  and  running,  first,  a  due  west 
course  to  the  southerly  point  of  Harvest  Point;  thence 
north  forty -five  degrees  west,  crossing  the  bay  to  the 
main  meadows;  thence  north-easterly  along  the  edge  of 
the  same  to  the  mouth  of  Gunning  River  ;  thence  up  said 
river  its  various  courses  to  the  mouth  of  Fresh  Creek  ; 
thence  up  said  creek  its  various  courses  to  the  north  line 
of  a  tract  of  land  known  as  the  Fresh  Creek  lot,  now 
owned  by  the  heirs  or  devisees  of  Samuel  G.  Wright,  de- 
ceased, and  others;  thence  westerly  along  said  line  to  the 
westerly  end  thereof ;  thence  north  fifty-two  degrees  and 
fifty  minutes  west  along  a  line  known  as  the  Ogden  line, 
to  a  stone,  being  the  second  corner  of  a  tract  of  land 
known  as  the  Ogden  tract,  standing  on  a  course  north 
ten  degrees  and  twenty-one  minutes  east,  eight  chains 
and  seventy-five  links  from  a  large  stone  standing  ons 
Par's  cabin  knowl ;  thence  north-westerly  to  the  north- 
west corner  of  a  tract  of  laud  that  Joseph  W.  Pharo  pur- 
chased of  the  executors  of  Samuel  Pharo,  deceased ; 
thence  north  fifty  degrees  west,  one  hundred  and  eight 
chains  and  twenty-seven  links  to  a  stone  in  the  west  line 
of  Souman's  patent ;  thence  north  seventy  degrees  wrest 
to  the  Burlington  county  line  ;  thence  up  and  along  said 
county  line  to  intsr.sse-l  with  a  due  west  course  from  the 
head  of  the  main  southerly  branch  of  Cedar  Creek,  known 
as  Factory  branch  ;  thence  down  and  along  said  branch 
and  creek  to  the  bay  ;  thence  a   due  east   course   to  the 


282         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

sea;  thence  southerly  along  the  edge  of  the  same  to  the 
beginning." 

The  act  was  to  go  into  effect  on  the  second  Tuesday 
of  March,  1846. 

The  first  animal  town  meeting  of  the  township  was 
ordered  by  the  above  act  of  the  Legislature  to  be  held  at 
the  house  of  Benjamin  Predmore,  Ware  town,  on  the  day 
appointed  by  law  for  holding  annual  town  meetings  in  the 
other  townships  of  the  county  of  Monmouth,  and  after- 
wards at  such  place  in  the  township  of  Union  as  the 
inhabitants  of  said  township  shall  determine. 

As  long  as  the  township  of  Union  preserved  its 
original  bounds  the  town  meetings  were  usually  held  at 
the  same  house. 

In  1871  Lacey  was  set  off  from  Union.  In  187G  its 
bounds  were  again  lessened  by  the  act  creating  the  town- 
ship of  Ocean. 

BERKELEY    TOWNSHIP1. 

The  act  creating  the  township  of  Berkeley  was 
approved  March  31,  1875,  and  its  bounds  are  thus  de- 
fined : 

"All  that  part  of  the  township  of  Dover,  in  the 
county  of  Ocean,  contained  within  the  following  boun- 
daries, that  is  to  say  : 

"  Beginning  on  the  south-west  corner  of  the  town- 
ship of  Dover  at  a  point  where  the  road  from  Giberson's 
mill  to  Dover  Forge  crosses  the  easterly  line  of  the  town- 
ship of  Manchester ;  thence,  first,  easterly  along  said 
road  to  Dover  Forge,  said  road  being  the  boundary  line 
between  the  townships  of  Dover  and  Lacey ;  thence, 
second,  southerly  along  Guise's  road  by  Dover  Forge 
pond  to  the  middle  of  Cedar  Creek ;  thence,  third, 
easterly  along  the  middle  of  Cedar  Creek  to  its  junction 
with  Barnegat  Bay  ;  thence,  fourth,  on  a  course  due  east 
to  the  Atlantic  Ocean ;  the  above  metes  and  bounds 
being  the  division  line  between  the  townships  of  Dover 
and  Lacey  ;  thence,  fifth,  northerly  along  said  Atlantic 
Ocean  to  the  south  side  of  old  Cranberry  Inlet;  thence, 
sixth,  on  a  course  westerly  to  the   middle  of  Toms  River 


KAlin    BETTLERS,    ETC.  283 

at  its  junction  with  Barnegal  Bay;  fchence,  Beventh, 
westerly  along  the  middle  of  said  Toms  River  and  up  the 
north  branch  to  the  Toms  River  and  Manchester  Rail- 
road;   thence,    eighth,   along   said    railroad    to  tl ast 

division  line  between  the  townships  of  Dover  and  Man- 
chester; thence,  ninth,  southerly  along  said  division  Line 
to  tin-  place  of  beginning." 

The  name  Berkeley  was  selected  for  this  township 
by  the  late  Samuel  H.  Shreve,  formerly  Surveyor  and 
Civil  Engineer  of  Toms  River. 

John  B.  Larner  is  said  to  have  purchased  the  tract 
known  as  Barnegat  Park,  west  of  Bayville,  Berkeley 
township,  in  the  Spring  of  1887.  It  was  desired  to  have 
lots  sold  to  army  and  navy  officers  and  their  friends. 
About  fifty  lots  had  been  sold  by  July  following. 

Thomas  Placide,  a  well-known  actor,  resided  in 
Berkeley,  on  south  side  of  Toms  River,  not  far  from  the 
County  Seat.  He  was  of  a  family  of  actors,  his  father, 
mother,  brother  and  two  sisters  having  followed  that  pro- 
fession. His  brother  had  been  a  great  sufferer  from  a 
cancer,  and  he  became  a  victim  of  the  same  complaint, 
and  it  so  preyed  on  his  mind  that  in  a  fit  of  desperation 
he  took  his  life  July  20,  1877.     He  was  (59  years  of  age. 

The  oldest  monument  in  Berkeley  is  on  the  old 
Anderson  place,  near  Dover  Chapel.  On  it  is  inscribed  : 
"  Here  lies  the  body  of  William  Cheainlin.  He  died  De- 
cember 18,  1759,  aged  36  years."  The  name  Cheamlin 
was  probably  intended  for  Chamberlain. 

Mary  Worth,  living  in  the  southern  part  of  Berkeley, 
reached  the  advanced  age  of  106  years.  She  died  March 
5,  1873. 

soper's  landing. 

The  first  settler  on  the  Soper  place,  between  Ware- 
town  and  Barnegat,  according  to  the  late  Jeremiah 
Spragg,  an  aged  citizen  of  Barnegat,  was  John  Perkins, 
whose  daughter  married  James  Spragg,  father  of  Jere- 
miah. Mr.  Perkins  came  from  England  during  the  old 
French  war  and  located  near  Soper's  landing,  and  subse- 
quently sold  out  to  Joseph  Soper,  ancestor  of  the  numer- 


284  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ous  Soper  families  in  this  vicinity  and  elsewhere.  The 
first  house  built  on  tin-  beach  opposite  to  Wart-town, 
according  to  Mr.  Spragg,  was  by  Thomas  Rogers.  It 
was  located  Dear  the  inlet,  and  in  it  lived  Rogers,  and 
also  James  Spragg,  father  of  Jeremiah;  and  during  the 
Revolution  they  witnessed  many  exciting  scenes,  such  as 
shipwrecks  of  war  and  merchant  vessels,  and  coni 
between  the  British  and  Americans  in  efforts  to  capture 
crews  and  cargoes.  The  rirst  Soper  in  New  Jersey  was 
Thomas  Soper,  who  landed  in  West  Jersey  in  1678  The 
old  members  of  this  family  had  a  tradition  that  they 
were  of  Huguenot  descent  The  Ocean  county  Sopers 
descend  from  Henry  Soper,  who  settled  at  Huntington, 
L.  I.,  in  1666.  His  son  Richard  cam-  to  Middlesex 
count  v.  X.  J.,  ami  his  son  Joseph  came  to  Barnegat 

MASONK     I  EMETERY,    BARNEGAT. 

(  hi  Monday  evening.  January  12,  1857.  a  meeting  was 
held  at  Temperance  Hall,  at  Barnegat,  for  the  purpose 
of  forming  a  Barnegat  Masonic  Cemetery  Association. 
Captain  T.  W.  Falkinburg  was  chairman,  and  James 
Bodine  secretary.  The  following  persons  were  the 
original  associates:  Charles  I.  Errickson.  Timothy  W. 
Falkinburg,  James  Robinson,  James  Bodine.  John  W. 
Bennett.  Nathan  S.  Cranmer,  Joseph  H.  Townsend,  Ed- 
win Salter,  Thomas  Edwards,  Joseph  Anderson.  Alex- 
ander S.  Letts,  Stephen  Oonklin,  James  W.  Collins,  Jr., 
Levi  Cranmer,  (diaries  Soper.  William  Errickson. 

The  Association  was  incorporated  under  the  act 
relating  to  cemeterm>  passed  by  the  Legislature  in  1851. 

The  following  persons  were  elected  as  trustees  at 
the  first  meeting:  For  one  year,  Charles  I.  Errickson, 
James  Robinson ;  two  years.  T.  W.  Falkinburg,  Joseph 
Anderson:  three  years.  James  Bodine,  John  W.  Bennett 

Tie-  annual  meeting  was  fixed  for  January  15,  1857. 

UNITED     BROTHERS    DIVISION     8  >N8    of    TEMPERANCE,    No.    1<>3, 

BARNEGAT. 

The  certiti  -at  ■  of  incorporation  of  this  Division  was 
i. rded  March  LO,  1853,  and  signed  by  Job  F.Randolph, 


I.\l;l.\    8]   l  l  II  RS,    ETC.  285 

W.   P.,  ami    Gabriel    M.  Inman,   K.  8.     The   lodge   was 
instituted  some  time  before  this,   probably  about    1849. 
For  a  time  they  held  their  meetings  in  an  uppei  room  or 
hall  prepared  for  them,  and  also  used  for  other  purp 
in  the  Temperance  House,  kept  by  Gabriel  M.  Inman. 

Barnegat  Lodge,  Knights  of  Pythias,  No.  71,  was 
incorporated  January  20,  1887.  Incorporators  Ira  S. 
Cranmer,  Thomas  Bamford  and  Joseph  0.  Elbertson. 
trustees. 

Mariners'  Lodge,  No.  L50,  F.  A.  M.,  was  organized 
February  7.  1881.  It  had  been  working  under  a  dispen- 
sation granted  May  •">,  1S80. 

The  Town  Hall  at  Barnegat  was  completed  about 
January,  1871. 

The  Masonic  Cemetery  contained  127  burials  up  to 
July  1,  187-2. 

BURRSVILLE. 

The  forge  at  Burrsville  was  established  about  March. 
1808,  by  John  Lippencott.  It  was  subsequently  bought 
by  Barzillai  Burr  and  John  Butcher,  and  was  once 
known  as  Butcher's  forge.  Burrsville  derives  its  name 
from  Barzillai  Burr. 

In  1808  John  Lippincott  bought  land  of  Proprietors 
described  as  on  "south  side  of  Metetecuuk,  near  Indian 
stage,  and  near  road  from  new  bridge  over  Metetecuuk 
to  Cedar  Bridge."  He  also  bought,  subsequently,  numer- 
ous tracts  near  Metetecuuk  river  and  Kettle  Creek. 

The  Postoffice  at  this  place  was  established  about 
1839  or  '40,  and  called  Metetecuuk,  and  so  continued  down 
to  about  1884,  when  the  P.  O.  Department  changed  it  to 
Burrsville.  B.  H.  Fielder  was  the  first  Postmaster; 
amoug  his  successors  was  Hou.  A.  ( ).  S.  Havens,  the  sec- 
ond member  of  the  Assembly  from  Ocean  county. 

METETECUNK    M.    E.    CHURCH. 

The  M.  E.  church  at  this  place  was  dedicated  Decem- 
ber -29,  1878. 

BAY    HEAD. 

This   place    holds  the    key  of    the  mainland  at   Cie 


286         HISTOKY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

nethermost  extremity  of  Baruegat  Bay.  On  July  25, 
1883,  ground  was  broken  for  the  erection  of  the  office  of 
the  Company.  At  this  time  a  number  of  lots  had  been 
sold  and  several  cottages  contracted  for. 

A  Postoffice  was  established  at  Bay  Head  in  the 
Summer  of  1882,  Julius  Foster,  Postmaster. 

The  Bay  Head  Land  Company  was  incorporated 
September  6,  1879.  Capital  $12,000.  Incorporators 
David  H.  Mount,  Rocky  Hill,  Edward  Howe,  Leavitt 
Howe  and  William  Harris,  of  Princeton. 

This  quickly  developed  Summer  resort  may  be  said 
to  have  contributed  largely  to  the  current  of  popular  fa- 
vor now  bestowed  upon  this  portion  of  Ocean  county.  It 
is  situated  at  the  head  of  Baruegat  Bay,  from  which  it 
takes  its  name  of  "Bay  Head."  There  are  about  28G 
lots  in  this  tract,  50x100  feet  iu  size.  Its  present  popul- 
ation is  seventy-five.  The  improvements  in  1882  com- 
prise 20  new  cottages,  and  all  the  other  improvements  in 
a  resort  in  the  process  of  development.  A  sea  wall  has 
been  put  in,  roads  built  and  graded,  &c.  The  prospects 
for  the  future  are  flattering,  new  houses  being  rapidly 
built.  Bay  Head  Junction  adjoins  this  tract  and  con- 
forms with  its  survey. 

MANToLoKIXO. 

This  beautiful  property  lies  south  of  Bay  Head  on 
the  peninsula  beach,  bounded  on  the  east  by  the  Atlantic 
ocean,  on  the  west  by  Baruegat  Bay.  ( Considerable 
money  has  been  laid  out  in  improvements  of  this  tract, 
of  which  the  grading  and  complete  laying  over  of  the 
entire  beach  with  heavy  fertile  inland  soil  may  be  men- 
tioned. This  tract  was  first  brought  into  notice  by  the 
New  Jersey  Sea-Shore  Land  and  Improvement  Com- 
pany, under  the  management  of  Capt.  John  Arnold,  of 
Point  Pleasant,  whose  energies'  awakened  much  interest 
in  behalf  of  the  place.  Quite  a  number  of  fine  cottages 
are  already  upon  it,  and  many  more  in  contemplation. 

SILVESTER. 

The  Kettle  Creek  post  office  was  established  about 
1834  or  '5  and  Mary  Kelly  was  postmistress. 


EARL!    si. I  I  1.1  lis,    ETC.  28*3 

Kettle  Creek  was  anciently  known  also  as  Fishing 
Creek. 

James  Fullerton  had  a  patent  for  land  beginning 
at  north  cape  of  Kettle  or  Fishing  Creek  and  Dr.  John 
Dalrymple  had  tract  adjoining. 

Anion-  persons  who  took  up  land  from  the  pro- 
prietors in  its  vicinity  were  John  Forman  L742-5;  William 
Brinley  1742  ;  Benjamin  Woolley  1747  ;  Richard  Stout 
1747;  Ebenezer  Applegate  1750 ;  Abraham  Schenck  1755; 
Annanias  Gifford  1756;  David  Knott  1T*>1  1770;  Delan- 
cey  and  Cuyler  L763;  James  Parker  17(14;  John  Allen 
1766.  Among  other  persons  who  owned  land  here  about 
or  before  this  time  were  Thomas  Tilton,  Samuel  Hulett, 
Joseph  Potter  and  John  Chambers. 

There  was  a  saw  mill  built  on  Kettle  Creek  about 
1740  and  probably  by  Ebenezer  Applegate,  as  in  1761  his 
"old  saw  mill"  is  referred  to.  It  is  presumed  that  this 
Ebenezer  Applegate  was  a  son  of  Jacob,  as  in  the  tax  list 
of  1764  "  Ebenezer  Applegate  son  of  Jacob"  is  the  only 
Ebenezer  named.  Between  1740  and  1750  bridges  were 
over  branches  of  Kettle  Creek,  one  of  which  was  built  by 
Benjamin  Woolley  and  Job  Cook.  In  1764  John  Allen 
had  a  saw  mill  on  north  branch. 

Tunis  Denise  took  up  considerable  land  in  1755  and 
thereabouts  near  Meteteconk  and  had  saw  and  grist  mill. 
It  is  possible  that  from  him  may  be  derived  the  name 
Tunes,  one  of  the  branches  of  Kettle  Creek.  In  1815 
Silvenus  Bills  owned  the  Tunis  Denise  mills. 

Michael  Ortley,  whose  name  is  noted  in  connection 
with  land  on  the  beach,  took  up  land  in  1818  between 
north  and  south  branches  of  Kettle  Creek. 

About  the  latter  part  of  last  century  John  Havens, 
Senior,  bought  dwellinghouse  and  land  of  John  Allen  and 
John  Havens,  Jr.,  bought  dwelling  and  land  of  James 
Allen  and  in  1800  took  up  a  tract  from  proprietors  be- 
tween Kettle  Creek  and  Reedy  Creek,  near  head  of  latter. 

James   Runnals  lived   south,  side  Metetecunk  1745. 

POINT    PLEASANT. 

Point  Pleasant  is  a  name  applied  to  a  semi-peninsu- 


288  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

lar  tract  of  land  in  Brick  Township,  Ocean  county, 
rapidly  becoming  studded  with  resorts.  It  constitutes 
the  northern  extremity  of  the  county,  and  is  bounded  on 
the  east  by  the  Atlantic,  on  the  north-west  by  the  beau- 
tiful Manasquan  river,  and  on  the  south  by  the  Metete- 
conk  river  and  the  head  of  Barnegat  bay.  The  distance 
across  the  neck  of  the  semi-peninsula  (between  the  Mete- 
teconk  and  Manasquan  rivers)  is  nearly  two  miles,  while 
its  ocean  front  stretches  for  three  miles  along  the  beach. 
Point  Pleasant  is  a  fertile  tract,  with  well  wooded  undu- 
latory  hills  interspersed  with  lakelets,  and  faces  a  part  of 
the  Manasquan  river  with  a  bluff.  It  is  reached  from 
New  York  by  the  New  Jersey  Central  railroad  and  also 
by  the  Freehold  and  Jamesburg  branch  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania railroad  ;  and  from  Philadelphia  by  the  Philadel- 
phia and  Long  Branch  railroad. 

Some  18  or  20  years  ago  Point  Pleasant  was  an 
unimproved,  undeveloped  tract,  till  taken  hold  of  by  Capt. 
John  Arnold,  seconded  afterwards  by  no  less  energetic 
allies,  and  the  result  of  his  and  their  energy  and  enter- 
prise is  now  seen  in  fine  cottages,  schools,  churches, 
stores,  hotels  and  boarding-houses  standing  on  well  laid 
out  streets  and  avenues,  where  formerly  rabbits  and  rep- 
tiles were  wont  to  burrow.  At  that  time  the  population 
did  not  exceed  12  families  who  had  houses  fit  to  live  in; 
and  ingress  from  or  egress  to  either  Philadelphia  or  New 
York  implied  forty  miles  by  stage,  and  the  loss  of  a 
whole  day  for  the  single  journey.  Point  Pleasant  now 
has  Methodist  Episcopal,  Methodist  Protestant,  Episco- 
pal, Roman  Catholic,  and  Presbyterian  churches ;  graded, 
public  and  private  schools;  two  Postoftices  and  railroad 
stations  as  mentioned,  and  numerous  hotels  and  board- 
ing-houses. Its  chief  attractions  are  those  presented 
by  the  ocean,  Barnegat  bay  and  Manasquan  river,  afford- 
ing facilities  for  boating,  fishing,  crabbing,  bathing,  gun- 
ning, Arc.,  its  shady  groves,  and  pure  sea  air. 

ARNOLD    CITY. 

Arnold  City  is  the  most  northerly  of  the  new  resorts 
referred  to  under  Point  Pleasant.     The   tract  comprises 


I.AIII.V    SETTLERS,    IK  .  289 

300  lots,  50x100  feet,  with  avenues  70  feel  and  streets  60 
feet  in  width.  It  is  named  after  Captain  John  Arnold, 
the  pioneer  of  this  beautiful  section  of  our  coast.  The 
improvements  already  mentioned  under  Point   Pleasant, 

include  the  resorts.  This  tract  is  a  part  of  the  Arnold 
farm,  purchased  by  Robert  M.  Worthington,  who  is  as- 
sociated with  Brighton,  a  flourishing  new  Summer  resort 
in  Monmouth  county.  By  his  able  management  of  the 
Arnold  tract  most  <>f  the  entire  property  has  been  dis- 
posed of  to  classes  who  are  calculated  to  improve  it.  On 
this  property  are  a  station  and  roundhouse  of  the  New 
Jersey  Central  railroad. 

POINT    PLEASANT    CITY. 

Point  Pleasant  City  is  the  name  of  a  Summer  resort 
adjoining  Arnold  City.  It  is  one  of  the  first  tracts  taken 
up  and  laid  out  for  a  Summer  city  by  the  sea  at  Point 
Pleasant.  It  has  received  increasing  patronage  from 
seaside  seekers,  who  have  purchased  lots  and  are  build- 
ing Summer  homes*  upon  them.  The  "Resort  House," 
and  other  hotels  and  boarding-houses  attract  large  num- 
bers  during  the  hot  Summer  months. 

BAY    HEAD    JUNCTION. 

This  property  is  the  last  remaining  beach  tract  imme- 
diately connecting  with  the  main  land  on  the  New  Jersev 
coast.  It  lies  north  of  Bay  Head.  It  contains  190  lots, 
and  offers  the  same  advantages  and  attractions  as  the 
other  Point  Pleasant  resorts. 

THE    POINT    PLEASANT    LAND    COMPANY. 

In  the  Spring  of  1878  this  company  bought  the  John 
Forinan  property,  consisting  of  250  acres.  The  officers 
were  John  L.  Murphy,  President,  James  Buchanan,  Sec- 
retary, J.  Hart  Brewer,  Treasurer. 

Their  first  purchase  extended  from  the  ocean  back 
to  the  old  Squan  road,  and  down  to  near  the  head  of 
Barnegat  Bay.  Streets  were  laid  out  fifty  to  sixty  feet 
wide. 

The  company  was  incorporated  Oct.  22,  1877.  capital 
$50,000.       Incorporators,    J.    Hart    Brewer,    Charles    H. 


290  IIISTOKY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ttkirin,  John  L.  Murphy,  James  Buchanan  and  William 
Cloke. 

The  Stafford  Forge  Cranberry  hog  is  quite  a  noted 
one,  and  usually  very  productive.  In  1H77  Mr.  Daniel 
R.  Gowdv,  the  owner,  had  HOI)  pickers  employed. 

John  Lawrence  of  Manasquan  sold  232  acres  in  1727 
to  Thomas  Tilton  of  Shrewsbury. 

Oshorne's  Island  is  now  owned  by  Dr.  Fuller  of  New 
York.  As  the  river  channel  runs  south  of  it,  it  belongs 
to  Monmouth. 

Joseph  Lawrence  was  a  son  of  the  first  William  and 
became  possessed  of  4-7ths  of  his  father's  estate  above  and 
below  Manasquan  river. 

POINT   PLEASANT   NOTJ'.S. 

The  Thomas  Cook  place  at  junction  of  the  river  was 
bought  by  Thomas  Cook,  Sr.,  of  Walter  and  Mary  Curtis 
1782. 

The  first  Thomas  Cook  named  above  had  children 
Thomas,  Richard  and  Sarah  who  married  Thomas 
Shearman. 

The  Curtis  family  owned  at  one  time  most  of  the 
land  around  Point  Pleasant.  The  first  of  the  family  were 
step-sons  of  Joseph  Lawrence  who  married  a  widow 
Curtis.  Joseph  Lawrence  lived  just  over  the  river  in 
Monmouth  on  the  Col.  James  Osborne  place. 

The  island  in  the  river  was  once  called  Hartshorne's 
Island  and  then  Osborne's  Island.  Samuel  Osborne  is 
named  in  this  vicinity  in  1754. 

OLD  TIMES  IN  OCEAN  COUNTY. 


THE   EAST   WAR    WITH    ENGLAND — CAPTURE   OF  OCEAN    COUNTY 

VESSELS. 

During  the  Avar  of  1812-14,  Ocean  county  vessels 
trading  to  New  Yrork  and  elsewhere,  found  their  business 
seriously  injured  by  British  cruisers  on  our  coast. 
Occasionally  some  bold,  fortunate  master  of  a  vessel 
would   succeed   in   eluding   the    enemy's  vigilance,  and 


OLD   TIMES    IN    OCEAN    COUN1  Y.  29] 

arrive  safely  at  New  York  ;  but  generally  they  were  not 
so  fortunate.  Commodore  Hardy,  in  his  flag-ship,  the 
■•  Ramillies,"  a  74-gun  ship,  had  command  of  the  British 
blockading  squadron  on  our  coast,  All  accounts,  written 
and  traditional,  concede  that  he  was  one  of  the  most 
honorable  officers  in  the  British  service.  Unlike  the  in- 
famous Admiral  Cockburn,  who  commanded  the  block- 
ading squadron  further  south,  Hardy  never  took  private 
property  of  Americans,  except  contraband  in  war,  with- 
out offering  compensation.  By  his  vigilance  he  inflicted 
considerable  damage  to  our  coasters,  and  by  nearly  stop- 
ping this  trade,  injury  also  resulted  to  a  large  portion  of 
other  citizens  then  depending  on  the  lumber  trade. 

On  the  last  day  of  March,  1813,  Hardy,  in  the 
"  Ramillies,"  came  close  to  Barnegat  Inlet  and  sent  in 
barges  loaded  with  armed  men  after  two  American  ves- 
sels lying  in  the  inlet.  They  boarded  the  schooner 
"  Greyhound,"  Captain  Jesse  Rogers,  of  Potter's  Creek, 
and  attempted  to  take  her  out,  but  she  grounded.  The 
enemy  then  set  fire  to  her  and  she  was  burned,  together 
with  her  cargo  of  lumber.  They  then  set  fire  to  a  sloop 
belonging  to  Captain  Jonathan  Winner,  Hezekiah  Soper 
and  Timothy  Soper,  of  Waretown.  This  vessel  was 
saved,  however,  as  signals  were  fired  by  the  Commodore, 
recalling  the  barges  in  haste,  that  he  might  start  in  pur- 
suit of  some  vessel  at  sea.  x\s  soon  as  the  barges  left, 
the  Americans  went  on  board  the  sloop  and  extinguished 
the  fire.  The  name  of  the  sloop  has  generally  been  given 
as  the  "  Mary  Elizabeth,"  but  one  or  two  old  residents 
insist  that  it  was  the  "  Susan."  The  probability  is  that 
vessels  of  both  names  were  fired,  but  at  different  times. 
While  the  barges  were  in  the  inlet  a  party  landed  on 
the  beach,  on  the  south  side,  and  killed  fifteen  head  of 
cattle  belonging  to  Jeremiah  Spragg  and  John  Allen. 
The  owners  were  away,  but  the  British  left  word  that  if 
they  presented  their  bill  to  Commodore  Hardy,  he  would 
settle  it,  as  he  generally  did  similar  ones.  But  the  owners 
were  too  patriotic  to  attempt  anything  that  seemed  like 
furnishing  supplies  to  the  enemy. 


292  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

At  another  time  tin-  schooner  "President,"  Captain 
. Vinos  Birdsall,  of  Waretawn,  bound  to  New  York,  was 
taken  by  Commodore  Hardy,  who  ;it  once  commenced  to 
take  from  the  schooner  her  spars,  deck  planks,  etc.  Cap- 
tain Birdsall,  with  his  crew,  hud  liberty  to  leave  in  their 
yawl  :  l>ut  on  account  of  a  heavy  sea  they  were  detained 
a  day  or  two  on  board,  when  they  succeeded  in  getting 
on  hoard  a  fishing  smack,  and  thus  got  home.  Before 
Captain  Birdsall  left  the  "Ramillies,"  the  masts  of  his 
schooner  had  been  sawed  into  plank  by  the  British. 

The  sloop  "Elizabeth,"  Captain  Thomas  Bunnell, 
of  Forked  River,  was  captured  by  1  targes  sent  into  Bar- 
m-gat Inlet,  and  towed  out  to  sea  :  but  it  is  said  she  was 
shortly  after  lost  on  Long  Island.  The  captain  saw  the 
barges  coming,  and  he  and  the  crew  escaped  in  the  yawl. 
She  was  owned  by  William  Piatt  and  Captain  Bunnell. 
At  another  time  Captain  Bunnell  was  taken  out  of  another 
vessel  and  detained  by  the  British  some  time,  and  then 
put  on  hoard  a  neutral  vessel,  said  to  have  been  Spanish, 
and  thus  got  to  New  York.  The  sloop  "  Traveler,"  Cap- 
tain Asa  Grant,  was  set  on  tire  by  the  British,  hut  the  fire 
was  extinguished  after  the  British  left.  At  another  time, 
two  sloops,  one  named  the  "  Maria.'"  Captain  Joshua 
Warren,  and  the  other  the  "Friendship,"'  Captain  Thomas 
Mills,  were  (diased  ashore  near  Squan.  They  were  com- 
ing down  the  beach,  when  Commodore  Hardy  espied  and 
stood  for  them,  and  they  ran  ashore.  Hard}'  sent  barges 
ashore  to  plunder  them.  One  boat  came  to  the  "Friend- 
ship,"' and  the  bowsman  caught  hold  of  the  taffrail  to 
jump  on  hoard.  Jesse  Chadwick,  a  soldier  of  the  Revo- 
tion,  went  to  the  edge  of  the  shore  and  shot  the  man. 
The  barges  then  put  back  to  the  ship,  which  fired  about 
two  hundred  balls  at  the  sloops. 

A  vessel  commanded  by  Captain  John  Rogers,  who 
lived  near  Toms  River,  was  also  captured,  and  Rogers 
himself  detained  for  a  while  on  the  British  man-of-war. 
Captain  Rogers  used  frequently  to  relate  his  adventures 
on  this  ill-starred  trip  which  cost  him  his  vessel. 

Captain   Jesse    Rogers,    of   the  "Greyhound,"   who 


OLD   TIMES    IN    OCEAN    COl  NTY.  293 

lived  to  quite  an  advanced  age,  made  efforts  to  have  bis 
l<  isses  reimbursed  by  ( !<  mgress,  as  did  also  Messrs.  Spragg 
ami  Allen  and  others,  but  fchey  were  unsuccessful. 

\i  Waretown  much  excitement  was  created  by  the 
barges  of  Commodore  Hardy  entering  the  inlet  and  burn- 
ing the  "Greyhound."  At  Forked  River  a  new  dwelling 
and  store  had  just  been  erected  at  the  upper  Landing  by 
Charles  Parker,  father  of  ex-Governor  Joel  Parker.  Mr. 
Parker  informed  the  writer  that  though  his  house  was 
unfinished,  yet  the  roof  was  tilled  with  persons  watching 
Hardy's  proceedings.  Judge  Jacob  Birdsall,  then  a  boy, 
was  among  the  children  sent  to  dwellings  back  in  the 
woods  for  safetv. 

The  war  of  1812  did  not  seem  to  be  a  very  popular 
one  in  New  Jersey,  as  the  political  party  opposing  it 
generally  carried  the  State.  To  raise  troops,  a  draft  was 
at  one  time  ordered  along  shore,  which  called  for  one 
man  in  every  seven.  This  draft,  however,  seemed  to 
work  but  little  hardship,  as  seven  men  would  club  to- 
gether to  hire  a  substitute,  who  could  generally  be 
engaged  for  a  bonus  of  fifty  dollars.  Most  of  the  men 
obtained  under  the  orders  for  drafting  were  sent  to  de- 
fend Sandy  Hook,  where,  from  the  reports  they  subse- 
quently made,  their  time  was  principally  occupied  in 
uttering  maledictions  on  commissaries  for  furnishing 
them  with  horse  beef  and  other  objectionable  grub. 
Among  those  who  volunteered,  the  last  survivor  at  Forked 
River  was  the  late  Gershom  Ayres,  who  served  under 
General  Rossell.  At  Waretown,  Ralph  Chambers  was 
the  last  survivor.  He  was  properly  entitled  to  a  pension 
for  wounds  received  in  the  battle  of  Plattsburg ;  but  as 
he  had  money  of  his  own  when  wounded,  he  hired  medi- 
cal attendance  at  a  private  house  to  insure  good  atten- 
tion, by  which  means  his  name  escaped  being  embraced 
in  the  official  report  of  wounded.  At  Barnegat,  Tunis 
Bodine  was  the  last  survivor  of  the  war  of  1812,  and 
received  a  pension  for  his  services.  In  September,  1877, 
Mr.  Bodine  completed  his  eighty-sixth  year,  and  was 
remarkably  well  and  hearty. 


•_".ll  HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH     \M>    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

BIRTHPLACE  OF  [JNIVERSALISM   IN  AMERICA. 


THE    POTTEB    CHURCH    AT   GOODL1  • 

A  singular  and  interesting  chapter  in  the  religious 
history  of  not  only  Ocean  county,  but  of  this  country, 
relates    to    the    noted    old    Goodluck    Church,    formerly 

known  as  the  "'  Potter  Church."  built  in  1766  by  Thomas 
Potter,  a  benevolent  citizen  of  tbe  village,  who  then  lived 
east  of  the  church  on  the  farm  subsequently  owned  by 
the  late  Captain  Benjamin  Stout.  Before  building  the 
church.  Potter  had  l>een  in  the  habit  of  opening  his 
house  to  travelling  preachers  of  all  persuasions,  ami 
after  a  while  erected  this  edifice  free  to  all  denomina- 
tions, and  in  it  preached  Quakers,  Presbyterians,  Bap- 
tists and  Methodists,  and  in  it  was  preached  the  first 
Universalist  sermon  ever  delivered  in  America. 

The  earliest  uotice  of  old  Totter  ( Jhurch  at  ( roodluck 
is  found  in  the  following  extract  from  the  Journal  of 
John  Griffith,  a  preacher  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  found 
in  Friends"  Library,  vol.  5,  p.  Jii^  : 

"On  3d  day,  22d  of  4th  month.  1766,  had  a  large 
meeting  at  Little  Egg  Harbor.  Next  day  had  a  meeting 
in  a  new  Presbyterian  meetinghouse  near  Barnegat.  It 
was  large  and  held  more  than  an  hour  in  silence  which 
the  people  were  not  accustomed  to.  At  length  the  word 
was  given  with  authority  and  cleverness,  showing  tin-  ad- 
vantage of  silence  in  worship.  *  "  We  travelled  by  the 
seaside  to  a  place  called  Goodluck  where  we  found  a 
largt  Qghouse   not  quite  finished,  erected  by    one 

Thomas  Potter,  intended  by  him.  it  se.-ms,  for  all  preach- 
ers to  make  use  of.  who  would  preach  freely,  except  Pa- 
pists, who  would  not  be  admitted  even  on  those  terms. 
We  had  a  meeting  in  it.  but  notice  not  coming  timely,  it 
was  small  and  to  little  satisfaction.  We  met  him  that 
afternoon  on  his  return.  He  seemed  sorry  he  happened 
to  lie  out  at  that  time  ;  he  was  beyond  hireling  ministry. 
CENTENARY   CELEBRATION   AT   GOODLUCK. 

Rev.  Abel  C.  Thomas  a  noted  and  an  aged  minister 
of    the     Universalist    Society    furnished    the    following 


?*}>.! 


I— I 

0 


29G         HISToKY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

account  of  the  Centennial  Celebration  of  Universalism  in 
Goodluck,  Ocean  county,  in  1870,  for  the  New  Jersey 
<  'ourier,  soon  after  it  occurred  : 

"We  had  no  expectations  of  large  delegations  of  our 
members  at  the  late  celebration  in  Groodluck.  Our 
centenary  had  been  attended  the  week  previously  in 
Gloucester,  Mass.,  the  number  present  being  variously 
estimated  from  ten  to  fifteen  thousand,  including  two 
hundred  and  fifty  out  of  six  hundred  and  fifty  clergymen. 

"On the  28th  of  September,  177t>.  Rev.  John  Murray, 
a  disciple  of  Kelly  (in  the  sense  that  Relly  was  a  disciple 
of  Christ)  landed  on  the  coast  of  New  Jersey. 

"The  late  great  convocation  in  Gloucester  antedated 
the  landing  of  Murray  by  the  space  of  one  week,  and  a 
few  of  us  determined  to  spend  the  exact  Centenary  at 
Goodluck,  Ocean  county.  This  was  what  took  us  there  ; 
precisely  one  hundred  years  from  the  landing  of  Murray, 
we  held  a  memorial  service  in  the  old  church,  and  also  at 
the  Grave  of  Thomas  Potter — the  order  being  substan- 
tially the  same  that  we  had  used  in  Gloucester.  The 
only  change  was  this:  "We  strew  this  evergreen  and 
these  flowers,  in  memory  and  honor  of  Thomas  Potter, 
the  friend  and  patron  of  .John  Murray,  our  early  preacher 
of  Universalism  in  America." 

After  a  brief  address  by  the  Rev.  Abel  C.  Thomas, 
who  conducted  the  services,  a  hymn  was  sung,  and  tin- 
services  were  appropriately  (dosed. 


PAHSOX    MURRAY    OF    THE  GOODLUCK 
UNIVERSALIST    CHI  [RCH. 


298  HIST0R1    OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

CAPTAIN  ADAM  HYLER. 


THE    DARING    PRIVATEEB   OF   THE    REVOLUTION. 

A.mong  tin-  captains  of  privateers  who  came  into 
Toms  River  during  tlie  Revolution  was  Captain  Adam 
Hyler.     At  the  time  Toms  River  \v;is  burned,  one  of  his 

barges  was  found  in  the  stream  and  carried  away  by  the 
British. 

It  is  rare  to  find,  in  fact  or  fiction,  more  daring 
exploits  recorded  than  those  performed  chiefly  in  the 
waters  around  old  Monmouth  by  Captain  Adam  Hyler, 
who  resided  at  New  Brunswick  during  the  latter  part  of 
the  Revolutionary  war.  From  some  unaccountable  cause, 
the  heroic  deeds  of  this  man  have  received  but  little 
notice  from  historians ;  indeed,  we  remember  of  but  one 
modern  work  that  makes  any  allusion  to  them,  and  that 
gives  only  two  or  three  of  the  items  published  below. 

Captain  Hyler's  operations  were  carried  on  in  Rari- 
tan  Bay,  and  along  our  coast  as  far  down  as  Egg  Harbor; 
chiefly,  however,  in  the  first  named  place.  Though  he 
sometimes  used  sail  craft,  yet  he  generally  depended 
upon  whale  boats  or  large  barges,  rowed  by  skillful 
crews.  These  barges  were  generally  kept  at  New  Bruns- 
wick, but  some  were  at  times  concealed  in  small  streams 
emptying  into  Raritan  Bay  and  River,  which  place  was 
then  reached  by  old  Cranberry  Inlet. 

Though  the  Refugee  band  which  had  its  headquar- 
ters at  the  settlement  on  Sandy  Hook,  around  the  light- 
house, gave  great  annoyance  to  the  patriots  of  Monmouth  ; 
yet  their  operations  were  much  circumscribed  by  the 
efforts  of  Captain  Hyler  and  his  brave  compatriots,  who 
seriously  interfered  with  the  vessels  of  the  Refugees,  as 
well  as  of  the  British,  and  when  opportunity  offered,  as 
will  hereafter  be  seen,  hesitated  not  to  attack  their  settle- 
ment, and  even  the  lighthouse  fort  itself.  The  Refugees 
would  sometimes  boast  of  successful  midnight  maraud- 
ing expeditions  into  the  adjacent  country,  but  the  bold. 
skillful  exploits  of  Hyler  far  eclipsed  their  best  planned 
efforts. 


CAPTAIN  ADAM  HYLER.  299 

A  dear  idea  of  Captain  Hyler's  manner  of  liarassing 
tin-  enemy  is  giveD  in  the  Eollowing  extracts,  copied  from 
various  ancient  papers  published  at  the  time.  Thej 
serve  to  aid  in  completing  the  picture  of  life  and  times 
in  and  around  old  Monmouth  during  the  Revolution. 

"October  7.  1781.  On  Friday  last,  Captain  Adam 
Eyler,  from  New  Brunswick,  with  one  gunboat  and  two 
whaleboats,  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  the  guard- 
ship  at  Sandy  Hook,  attacked  five  vessels,  and  after  a 
smart  conflict  of  fifteen  minutes,  carried  them.  Two  of 
them  were  armed,  one  mounting  four  six-pounders,  and 
one  six  swivels  and  one  three-pounder.  The  hands  made 
their  escape  with  their  long  boats,  and  took  refuge  in  a 
small  fort,  in  which  were  mounted  twelve  swivel  guns, 
from  which  they  kept  up  a  constant  firing,  notwithstand- 
ing which  he  boarded  them  all  without  the  loss  of  a 
man.  On  board  one  of  them  was  •_!.">()  bushels  of  wheat 
and  a  quantity  of  cheese  belonging  to  Captain  Lippen- 
cott,  bound  to  New  York.  He  took  from  them  fifty 
bushels  of  wheat,  a  quantity  of  cheese,  several  swivels,  a 
number  of  fuses,  one  cask  of  powder  and  some  dry- 
goods,  and  stripped  them  of  their  sails  and  rigging,  not 
being  able  to  bring  the  vessels  into  port  in  consequence 
of  a  contrary  wind  and  tide  ;  after  which  he  set  fire  to  all 
save  one,  on  board  of  which  was  a  woman  and  four  small 
children,  which  prevented  her  from  sharing  a  similar 
fate." 

On  the  loth  of  October,  a  week  or  ten  days  after  the 
above-mentioned  affair,  Captain  Hyler,  with  one  gunboat 
and  two  whaleboats,  boarded  a  sloop  and  two  schooners, 
which  all  hands,  except  two,  had  previously  left,  and 
which  lay  under  the  cover  of  the  lighthouse  fort  at  Sandy 
Hook,  and  brought  them  all  off;  but  the  sloop  being  a 
dull  sailor,  and  being  much  annoyed  from  a  galley  lying 
near  Staten  Island,  she  was  set  on  fire  about  three  miles 
from  the  fort.  One  of  the  schooners  running  aground  by 
accident,  was  stripped  and  left ;  the  other,  a  remarkably 
fine,  fast  sailing,  Virginia  built  pilot,  mounted  with  one 
four-pounder,  was  brought,  with  two  prisoners,  safely  off*. 


300  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

( )n  the  24th  of  the  same  month,  he  started  with  one 
gunboat  to  surprise  the  "  refugee  town  "  at  Sandy  Hook. 
He  landed  within  three  quarters  of  a  mile  of  the  light 
house,  but  found  the  refugees  were  out  in  Monmouth 
county  on  a  plundering  expedition.  He,  however,  fell  in 
with  six  noted  villains  who  he  brought  off  and  lodged  in 
a  safe  place.  A  subsequent  notice  of  Captain  Hyler, 
says  that  at  one  time  he  captured  the  Captain  of  the 
guard  at  the  light  house,  with  all  his  men,  but  whether 
it  was  at  this  or  some  other  time,  is  not  stated. 

November  14th,  1781.  On  Saturday  night,  Captain 
Hyler,  with  a  gunboat  and  a  small  party  of  men,  went  to 
the  Narrows,  where  he  captured  a  ship  with  fourteen 
hands,  and  brought  her  off  with  the  intention  of  running 
her  up  the  Raritan  river,  but  near  the  mouth  she 
unluckily  got  aground,  and,  as  the  enemy  approached  in 
force,  he  was  obliged  to  set  her  on  fire.  She  was  loaded 
with  rum  and  pork  ;  several  hogsheads  of  the  former  he 
got  out  and  brought  off  with  the  prisoners. 

The  ship  captured  was  probably  "The  Father's  De- 
sire," as  twenty  hogsheads  of  rum  and  thirty  barrels  of 
pork  were  advertised  by  the  U.  S.  Marshal  to  be  sold  a 
few  days  after ;  which  the  advertisement  states  were 
taken  from  a  ship  of  this  name  by  Captain  Hyler. 

"  On  the  15th  of  December,  Captain  Hyler,  who 
commands  seven  or  eight  stout  whale  boats,  manned 
with  near  one  hundred  men  at  the  Narrows,  fell  in  with 
two  refugee  sloops  trading  to  Shrewsbury,  one  of  them 
commanded  by  the  noted  villain,  '  Shore  Stephens,"  and 
had  on  board  £(500  in  specie,  besides  a  considerable 
quantity  of  dry  goods;  the  other  had  similar  articles, 
also  sugar,  rum,  etc.  They  were  taken  to  New. Brunswick." 

The  many  daring  exploits  of  Captain  Hyler,  follow- 
ing so  close  one  after  another,  aroused  the  British  at 
New  York,  and  they  fitted  out  an  expedition  with  the 
determination  of  destroying  his  boats,  and,  if  possible, 
capturing  him.  The  following  account  of  this  expedition 
is  derived  chiefly  from  Philadelphia  papers  of  the  dates 
of  January  15th  and  10th  1782  : 


,   mm  'MX    ADAM    HYLER. 


301 


-A  party  of  the  British  lately  (about  January  9th) 
made  an  incursion  to  New  Brunswick  with  the  design,  it 
is  said,  of  carrying  off  the  boats  of  the  celebrated  partisan, 

Captain  Allan.  Hyler.  They  landed  at  New  Brunswick 
and  plundered  two  houses,  but  were  gallantly  opposed 
by  the  neighboring  miltia,  and  the  enemy  were  driven  off 

with  some  loss.  Further  accounts  say  there  were  some 
•201)  refugees  and  British,  and  thai  they  succeeded  in 
destroying  the  whale  boats.  No  Americans  were  killed, 
but  five  were  wounded  and  six  taken  prisoners.  Several 
Tories  were  killed— four  known  to  he,  and  several  were 
seen  to  be  carried  off.  The  British  made  the  attack 
about  five  o'clock,  A.  M.,  just  before  daylight,  and  the 
American  account  says  the  expedition  was  well  planned, 
and  that  the  Tories  held  the  town  for  about  an  hour. 
The  British  regulars  were  detachments  from  the  40th 
and  42d  regiments,  under  command  of  Captain  Beckwith, 
in  six  boats,  and  they  took  away  all  of  Hyler's  boats. 
The  British  alleged  that  Captain  Hyler  was  a  deserter 
from  the  Royalists." 

It  is  probable  that  at  this  time,  besides  his  boats  at 
New  Brunswick,  Captain  Hyler  had  others  concealed 
elsewhere,  as  we  find  early  in  the  following  spring  he 
was  at  work  as  usual,  apparently  but  little  inconveni- 
enced by  the  loss  of  the  boats  taken  by  the  British, 
though  he  may  have  built  some  in  the  meantime.  In 
March  following,  when  the  British  attacked  and  burned 
Toms  River,  they  boasted  of  having  captured  there  a 
line  large  barge,  belonging  to  Captain  Hyler. 

In  April,  1782,  Captain  Hyler.  in  an  open  boat 
boarded  and  took  a  large  cutter,  almost  ready  for  sea. 
lying  near  Sandy  Hook,  and  near  the  Lion  man-of-war, 
sixty-four  guns.'  This  cutter  mounted  twelve  eighteen 
pounders,  and  was  commanded  by  one  White,  formerly 
of  Philadelphia,  but  turned  apostate.  Hyler  blew  up 
the  vessel,  which  was  designed  as  a  cruiser,  and  took 
forty  prisoners.  Another  account  says  the  number  of 
prisoners  was  fifty,  and  the  cutter's  armament  was  six 
eighteen  pounders  and  ten  nine  pounders.     At  the   same 


302  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

time  lie  took  a  sloop  which  was  ransomed  for  i;4(>0.  The 
Captain  of  the  cutter  gives  an  amusing  account  of  the 
war  Hyler  captured  his  vessel. 

"On  the  25th  of  May,  1782,  Captain  Hyler,  with  his 
armed  boats,  being  in  Shrewsbury  river,  a  party  of 
British  troops,  consisting  of  twenty-five  men,  under  Cap- 
tain Shaak,  was  detached  to  intercept  him  in  the  gut. 
Hvler  discovered  them,  and  landed  thirteen  men  with 
orders  to  charge  :  when  four  of  the  enemy  were  killed  or 
wounded,  and  the  Captain  and  eight  men  taken  prisoners. 
By  the  firing  of  a  gun  it  was  supposed  others  were  killed, 
as  they  were  seen  to  fall.  Just  before  this  affair  Captain 
Hyler  had  met  with  a  hurt,  or  otherwise  he  probably 
would  not  have  let  a  man  escape." 

On  the  2d  of  July,  Captain  Hyler,  assisted  by  Cap- 
tain Story,  another  brave  partisan,  in  New  York  bay, 
with  two  whale  boats,  boarded  and  took  the  schooner 
'•Skip  Jack,"  carrying  six  guns,  besides  swivels,  and 
burned  her  at  noon,  in  sight  of  the  guard-ship,  and  took 
the  Captain  and  nine  or  ten  men  prisoners.  About  the 
same  time  he  also  took  three  or  four  trading  vessels, 
loaded  with  calves,  sheep,  &c. 

These  were  probably  about  the  last  exploits  in  which 
Captain  Hyler  was  engaged,  as  we  find  no  further  men- 
tion of  his  name  in  ancient  papers  until  the  announce- 
ment of  his  death,  some  two  months  after.  He  died  at 
New  Brunswick  on  the  6th  of  September,  1782. 

The  following  from  an  ancient  paper  gives  a  graphic 
account  of  his  manner  of  conducting  his  operations.  It 
was  originally  published  June  19,  1782  : 

"The  exertions  of  the  celebrated  water  partisan, 
Captain  Adam  Hyler,  have  been  a  considerable  annoy- 
ance to  the  wood  shallops,  trading  vessels  and  plunder- 
ing pirates  of  the  enemy  about  Sandy  Hook,  Long  Island 
and  Staten  Island  for  several  months  past.  You  have 
heard  that  his  effort  to  take  an  eighteen-gun  cutter  was 
crowned  with  success.  It  was  indeed  a  bold  and  hazard- 
ous attempt,  considering  how  well  she  was  provided 
against  being  boarded.     He  was.  however,  compelled  to 


CAPTAIN     M'A.M    HYLEE.  303 

blow  her  up,  after  securing  his  prisoners  and  a  few  arti- 
cles on  board.  His  surprising  a  captain  of  the  guard,  at 
the  lighthouse,  with  all  his  men,  a  short  time  ago,  was  a 
handsome  affair,  and  gained  him  much  credit.  He  lias 
none  but  picked  and  tried  men.  The  person  who  dis- 
covers the  least  symptom  of  fear  or  diffidence,  lie  he  who 
lie  will,  is  immediately  turned  on  shore  and  never  suf- 
fered to  enter  again.  In  the  next  place,  they  are  taught 
to  be  particularly  expert  at  the  oar,  and  to  row  with  such 
silence  and  dexterity  as  not  to  he  heard  at  the  smallest 
distance,  even  though  three  or  four  boats  lie  together, 
and  go  at  the  rate  of  twelve  miles  an  hour.  Their  cap- 
tures arc  made  chiefly  by  surprise  or  stratagem;  and 
most  of  the  crews  that  have  hitherto  been  taken  by  these 
boats  declare  they  never  knew  anything  of  an  enemy 
being  at  hand  till  they  saw  the  pistol  or  cutlass  at  their 
throats." 

After  the  notorious  Refugee,  Lippencott,  had  barba- 
rously murdered  Captain  Joshua  Huddy,  near  the  High- 
lands, General  Washington  was  anxious  to  have  the 
murderer  secured.  He  had  been  demanded  of  the 
British  General,  and  his  surrender  refused.  Captain 
Hyler  was  determined  to  take  Lippencott  On  inquiry 
he  found  that  he  resided  in  a  well  known  house  in  Broad 
street,  New  York.  Dressed  and  equipped  like  a  man-of- 
war  press  gang,  he  left  the  Kills,  with  one  boat,  after 
dark,  and  arrived  at  Whitehall  about  nine  o'clock.  Here 
he  left  his  boat  in  charge  of  three  men  and  passed  to 
the  residence  of  Lippencott,  where  he  inquired  for  him 
and  found  that  he  was  absent,  having  gone  to  a  cock  pit. 
Thus  failing  in  his  object  he  returned  to  his  boat,  with 
his  press  gang,  and  left  Whitehall,  but  finding  a  sloop 
lying  at  anchor  off  the  battery,  from  the  West  Indies, 
laden  with  rum,  he  took  her,  cut  her  cable,  set  her  sails, 
and,  with  a  north-east  wind,  sailed  to  Elizabethtown 
Point,  and  before  daylight,  had  landed  from  her  and 
secured  forty  hogsheads  of  rum.  He  then  burned  the 
sloop  to  prevent  her  re-capture. 

The  fact  of  Captain  Hyler's  having  been  formerly  in 


Id  I  HIST0B1    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

the  British  service,  increases  our  admiration  for  his  hold 
operations.  Ead  he  been  taken  by  the  British  he  proba- 
bly would  have  received  ;i  deserter's  punishment. 


NEW    JERSET    WATERING    PLACES      THEIR 
ORIGIN. 


The  first  seaside  resorts  in  New  Jersey  in  ;ill  proba- 
bility wore  Long  Reach,  in  Monmouth,  and  Tucker's 
Beach,  in  Little  Egg  Harbor.  The  first  named  place, 
now  in  Ocean  county,  is  opposite  the  villages  of  Barnegat 
and  Mannahawkin,  and  the  latter  opposite  Tuckerton. 
Of  these  places  Watsons  Annals  of  Philadelphia  says: 

iW  We  think  Long  Beach  and  Tucker's  Beach  in  point 
of  earliest  attraction  as  a  seaside  resort  for  Philadel- 
phians  must  claim  the  precedence.  They  had  their  visi- 
tors and  distant  admirers  long  before  Squan  and  Deal, 
and  even  Long  Branch  itself,  had  got  their  several  fame. 
To  those  who  chiefly  desire  to  restore  languid  frames, 
and  to  find  their  nerves  braced  and  firmer  strung,  noth- 
ing can  equal  the  invigorating  surf  and  general  air.  * 
Long  Branch — last  but  greatest  in  fame,  because  the 
fashionables  who  rule  all  things  have  made  it  so — is  still 
inferior  as  a  surf  to  those  above  named." 

Before  the  Revolution,  Philadelphians  and  others 
from  a  distance  who  visited  Long  and  Tucker  Beaches, 
went  in  old-fashioned  shore  wagons  on  their  return  trips 
from  the  city,  and  took  with  them  their  stoves,  blankets, 
etc.  Some  people  on  the  beaches  began  t<»  make  pro- 
visions to  receive  these  transient  boarders,  and  so  origi- 
nated this  business  in  New  Jersey  in  which  now  annually 
is  spent  such  an  immense  amount  of  money.  The  shore 
wagons  carted  fish  and  oysters  to  Philadelphia,  Trenton 
and  other  places  over  a  hundred  years  ago,  and  these 
primitive  conveyances  on  their  return  trips  were  first 
used  to  convey  health  or  pleasure  seekers  to  our  earliest 
-•■aside  resorts.  What  a  contrast  between  then  and  now 
—between  an  oyster  wagon  and  a  palace  car! 


NEW  JERSEY    WATERING    PLACES.  305 

Long  Branch  comes  nexi  in  order,  being  first  known 
as  a  watering  place  aboui  L788 

Cape  Mav  began  to  be  known  as  a  watering  place 
about  1813.  Atlantic  City  was  founded  some  forty  years 
Later,  about  the  time  of  the  completion  of  the  Camden 
and  Atlantic  railroad. 

The  foregoing  watering  places  from  Long  Branch  to 
Cape  May,  it  is  said,  were  all  brought  into  notice  by 
Philadelphians. 

LONG    BRANCH— WHO    FIRST    BROUGHT   IT   INTO   NOTICE. 

The  earliest  mention  of  Long  Branch  as  a  watering 
place  in  any  historical  works  that  the  writer  of  this  bas 
found,  is  in  Watson's  Annals  of  Philadelphia,  published 
in  1830,  as  follows  : 

"This  place,  before  the  Revolution,  was  owned  by 
Colonel  White,  a  British  officer,  aud  an  inhabitant  of 
New  York.  The  small  house  which  he  occupied  as  a 
summer  residence  was  existing  among  a  clump  of  houses 
owned  by  Renshaw,  in  1830.  In  consequence  of  the  war 
the  place  was  confiscated.  The  house  was  first  used  as 
a  boarding  house  by  Elliston  Perot,  of  Philadelphia,  in 
178cS.  At  that  time  the  whole  premises  were  in  charge 
of  one  old  woman  left  to  keep  the  place  from  injury.  Of 
her  Mr.  Perot  begged  an  asylum  for  himself  and  family, 
which  was  granted,  provided  he  could  get  beds  and  bed- 
ding from  others.  Being  pleased  with  the  place  he  re- 
peated his  visit  there  three  successive  years,  taking  some 
friends  with  him.  In  1790-1,  Mr.  McKnight,  of  Mon- 
mouth, noticing  the  liking  shown  for  the  place,  deemed 
it  a  good  speculation  to  buy  it.  He  bought  the  whole 
premises  containing  one  hundred  acres  for  £700  and  then 
got  Mr.  Perot  and  others  to  loan  him  two  thousand  dol- 
lars to  improve  it.  He  then  opened  it  for  a  watering- 
place  and  before  his  death  it  was  supposed  he  had  made 
forty  thousand  dollars  by  the  investment.  The  estate 
was  sold  to  Renshaw  for  $13,000." 

According  to  Watson  it  would  seem  that  Elliston 
Perot   was   the   founder  of  Lone;  Branch   as  a  watering 


306  BISTORT?   OF    MONMOUTH    AM'   o.  |.\N    COUNTIE8. 

place.  The  Perot  family  lias  been  a  prominent  one  in 
Philadelphia  annals.  During  the  Revolution  the  Perot 
mansion  at  G-ermantown  was  used  by  Lord  How.-  as  a 
-  lence,  and  after  the  war.  while  G  sneral  Washington 
was  President,  he  also  occupied  it  for  a  time  during  the 
prevalence  of  the  yellow  fever  in  the  city  in  17'.*-'S. 

THE    LAsT    INDIAN    CLAIMANTS. 

At  a  conference  between  the-  whites  and  Indians 
held  at  Crosswicks,  \.  J.,  in  February,  17~>s.  two  Indian- 
known  by  tin-  whites  a-  Tom  Store  and  Andrew  Woolley 
claimed  the  land  "from  the  mouth  of  Squan  river  to  the 
mouth  <>f  the  Shrewsbury,  by  the  streams  of  each  to 
their  heads  and  across  from  on.-  head  to  another."  This 
claim  was  satisfactorily  settled  at  a  subsequent  confer- 
ence held  at  Easton,  Pa.,  in  October  of  the  >ame  year. 

HISTORY    AND   TRADITIONS    OF    LONG    BRANCH. 

The    following    extract-    are    from    the    New     York 

tte,  Morris'  Guide  and  other  authorities,  to  which 
><  ime  c<  >minents  are  added  : 

From  the  best  sources  we  find  a  tradition  generally 
credited  among  the  best  informed  descendants  of  old 
settlers,  that  a  party  of  Indians,  whose  grounds  lav  hack 
of  this  portion  of  the  coast,  visited  the  shore  in  the  fall 
of  17o4.  So  well  pleased  were  the  red  men  with  this 
inaugural  visit  to  the  seaside,  that  like  many  of  their 
modern  white  brethren,  they  became  hdlritues  of  the 
place,  -till  adhering  t<>  the  original  camping  ground,  a 
location  near  the  Clarendon  Hotel.  Here  they  made 
their  annual  pilgrimage  for  fishing,  &c,  and  welcoming, 
after  a  long  march,  the  termination  of  the  land,  called 
the  place  "  Land-   End." 

A.  few  a  ears  thereafter  settler-  bought  crown  lands 
for  twenty  shillings  per  acre,  and  to  protect  their  dwell- 
in--  from  the  winter  winds  upon  the  coast,  located  them 
a  short  distance  from  the  shore,  pursuing  the  double 
calling  of  farmers  and  fishermen.  They  opened  the 
Burlington  pathway  to  Monmouth  Court  Hon-.-  and 
attracted   other    settlers,   thus    establishing    old    Long 


M\\    JERSE1    WATERING    PLACES.  307 

Branch  Village,  one  and  a  half  miles  from  the  beach 
and  within  a  radius  of  this  distance  embracing  a  popula- 
tion of  over  three  thousand. 

When  the  old  settlers  had  opened  the  Burlington 
pathway  to  Monmouth  Court  House,  intersecting  a  road 
to  Burlington,  communication  was  then  opened  with 
this  point  of  the  Atlantic  coast,  possessing  advantages  as 
a  salubrious  seaside  resort  far  superior  to  any  other.  No 
other  portion  of  this  coast  commands  a  bluff  of  more 
than  from  half  a  mile  to  a  mile  in  extent,  while  Long 
Branch  has  a  continuous  range  of  five  miles  of  bluff, 
which  extends  over  a  rolling  country  of  increasing  eleva- 
tions back  to  Monmouth  Court  House  at  Freehold,  a 
distance  of  seventeen  miles.  At  the  early  period  indi- 
cated, Philadelphians  availed  themselves  of  the  oppor- 
tunity thus  presented  to  drive  over  the  new  road  and 
enjoy  the  luxuries  of  a  sea  bath. 

ORIGIN    OF   NAME — THE    GREAT    WRESTLING    MATCH. 

"  Long  Branch  takes  its  name  from  a  brook,  a  branch 
of  the  South  Shrewsbury  river,  which  runs  in  a  direct 
line  northward  with  the  coast.  It  is  of  little  use  except 
for  gathering  ice  for  the  hotels  and  cottages. 

Tradition  points  to  an  Indian  fishery,  established  in 
173-1,  as  the  first  occupation  of  this  place,  which  was 
styled  at  that  time  'Land's  End.'  A  legend  tells  us  that 
in  those  early  times  four  men  named  Slocum,  Parker, 
Wardell  and  Hulett,  came  from  Rhode  Island  in  quest 
of  land.  They  found  the  Indians  friendly  but  not  dis- 
posed to  sell.  It  was  proposed  by  the  Yankees  that  a 
wrestling  match  should  be  made  up  between  one  Indian 
and  one  of  the  whites,  to  be  decided  by  the  best  in  three 
rounds.  If  the  champion  of  the  white  men  won,  they 
were  to  have  as  much  land  as  a  man  could  w7alk  around 
in  a  da}- ;  if  otherwise,  they  wrere  to  leave  peacably. 
John  Slocum  was  selected  for  the  struggle — a  man  of 
great  proportions,  athletic  and  of  great  strength,  courage 
and  inflexibility  of  purpose.  Great  preparations  were 
made    to    witness   the    encounter.      The    chosen   Indian 


308  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

wrestler  practised  continually  for  the  event.  The  day 
long  expected  proved  cloudless  and  auspicious.  The 
spot  chosen  was  the  present  Fishing  Land.  A  circle 
was  formed  and  the  Indian  champion,  elated,  confident 
and  greased  from  head  to  foot,  appeared.  Slocum  ad- 
vanced coolly  and  the  struggle  began ;  it  was  long  and 
doubtful  ;  finally  Slocum  threw  his  antagonist,  but  in  an 
instant  the  Indian  was  again  on  his  feet.  A  murmur  ran 
through  the  circle.  Again  the  Indian  made  a  violent  ef- 
fort and  both  fell.  Another  murmur  was  heard.  Silence 
prevailed  as  they  came  together  again,  broken  only  b}r 
the  roaring  of  the  surf.  A  long  struggle.  Slocum  inured 
to  toil,  hardy  and  rugged,  proved  too  much  for  the  Indian 
and  threw  him,  to  the  intense  disappointment  of  the 
Indians  and  undisguised  joy  of  the  whites.  The  terms 
were  then  all  arranged.  John  Slocum  had  two  brothers 
and  they  located  that  part  of  Long  Branch  reaching  from 
the  shore  to  Turtle  Mill  brook,  embracing  all  lands 
lying  north  of  the  main  road,  from  the  sea  to  Eatontown, 
between  these  two  points  to  the  south  of  Shrewsbury, 
except  Fresh  Pond  and  Snag  Swamp,  which  was  located 
by  one  of  the  Wardell  family.  A  considerable  portion  of 
these  lands  continued  in  the  possession  of  the  Slocums 
until  fifty  or  sixty  years  ago.  All  are  now  gone  into 
other  hands.  The  Parkers  placed  themselves  on  Rum- 
son's  Neck.  Hulett  lived  for  a  time  at  Horse  Neck,  but 
afterwards  left  this  region.  Indian  warrants,  it  is  said, 
still  exist  in  the  county  conve}Ting  these  lands  to  the 
white  owners. 

After  some  years  a  few  hardy  settlers  from  neigh- 
boring provinces  purchased  lands  from  the  agents  of 
the  Crown  at  the  rate  of  twenty  shillings  per  acre,  deeds 
for  which,  it  is  stated,  are  in  existence  over  the  signature 
of  King  George  III  or  his  agents." 

Probably  the  most  noted  Indian  in  this  section  of 
Old  Monmouth  was  the  celebrated  Indian  Will,  of  whom 
a  number  of  traditions  were  published  and  which  are 
given  elsewhere.  He  was  well  known  at  Eatontown,  Long 
Branch  and  vicinity,  at  Squan  and  along  the  coast  down 


CENTENNIAL    5TEAB   OF  PEACE.  309 

as  far  as  Barnegat.  A  tradition  in  Howe's  Collections 
says  the  Indians  in  this  section  sold  out  their  lands  to 
Lewis  Morris  in  1G70,  but  Indian  Will  refused  to  leave. 
The  probability  is  that  this  tradition  has  confounded 
two  transactions.  Indian  Will,  according  to  the  best 
traditionary  authority,  lived  near  a  century  later,  and 
the  Indian  sale  of  land  with  which  his  name  has  been 
connected  was  probably  the  one  originating  at  a  confer- 
ence held  at  Crosswicks  in  February,  1758,  and  concluded 
at  Eastern  Pennsylvania  in  the  same  year. 

CENTENNIAL  YEAR  OF  PEACE. 


FEBRUARY  2d —  JULY  4TH  —  NOVEMBER  25TH. 

Independence  Day  one  hundred  years  ago  was  but 
little  observed  in  our  State.  At  Trenton  a  number  of 
patriotic  gentlemen  assembled  at  the  house  of  Isaiah 
Yard.  Thirteen  cannons,  one  for  each  State,  were  fired ; 
after  which  a  cold  collation  was  served,  and  then  the 
company  separated.  The  reason  that  this  particular 
day  was  less  observed  than  several  which  had  preceded 
it  was  that  the  event  it  commemorated  had  so  recently 
been  celebrated  in  connection  with  the  proclamation  of 
peace.  In  nearly  all  the  towns  of  our  State,  Trenton  ex- 
cepted, the  proclamation  of  peace  was  celebrated  on  the 
19th  of  April,  because  that  day  was  the  anniversary  of 
the  first  battle  of  the  Revolution,  that  of  Lexington.  At 
Trenton  the  celebration  was  held  a  few  days  before,  on 
the  15th.  The  news  had  been  received  by  a  French  ship, 
at  Philadelphia,  March  23d.  Three  days  later,  on  Wed- 
nesday, March  26,  the  Trenton  New  Jersey  Gazette  pub- 
lished the  news,  which  rapidly  spread  through  the  State 
by  post-riders,  expresses  and  private  conveyances.  The 
official  proclamation  in  New  Jersey  was  made  by  Gover- 
nor Livingston  on  the  14th  of  the  next  month,  and  the 
next  day  the  citizens  generally  assembled  at  the  house 
of  Mr.  Williams  (where  public  meetings  were  frequently 
held),  and  a  procession  was  formed,  in  which  were  Gov- 
ernor Livingston,  the  Vice-President  of  Council,  mem^ 


310  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

bers  of  the  Legislature,  judges,  magistrates,  students  of 
the  academy  and  citizens  generally.  They  marched  to 
the  Court  House,  where  the  Governor's  proclamation 
announcing  the  cessation  of  hostilities  was  read,  and 
thirteen    cannon    tired,   followed    by  the    huzzas   of   the 

people. 

At  12  o'clock  divine  service  was  held  and  a  suitable 
discourse  delivered  by  Kev.  Dr.  Elihu  Spencer. 

At  3  P.  M.  the  Governor  and  citizens  met  at  the 
houses  of  Messrs.  Williams  and  Cape  (both  of  whom 
probably  kept  hotels),  where  entertainments  were  given 
and  appropriate  toasts  proposed.  In  the  evening  almost 
every  house  in  Trenton  was  ilium  in  ated. 

At  Princeton,  on  the  19th,  the  programme  was  about 
the  same.  The  religious  discourse  was  by  the  Kev.  Dr. 
WitherspOon.  Celebrations  were  also  held  at  New 
Brunswick,  Woodbridge,  Cranberry,  Am  well  in  Somerset, 
and  other  places. 

Bordentown  seemed  to  have  had  the  most  notable 
one.  At  noon  the  citizens  of  the  town  and  vicinity 
assembled  at  the  house  of  Colonel  Okey  Hoagland.  The 
Governor's  proclamation  was  read,  thirteen  cannons 
tired,  huzzas,  etc.  At  3  P.  M.  a  dinner  and  toasts  at 
Colonel  Hoagland's.  In  the  evening  the  houses  of  the 
town  were  all  illuminated,  but  the  particular  attractions 
were  the  illuminated  transparencies  at  the  house  and 
academy  of  Kev.  Burges  Allison.  The  transparencies 
represented : 

1.  The  sun  in  its  meridian  splendor,  shedding  its 
rays  on  the  segment  of  the  globe  comprehending  North 
America,  with  the  motto,  "Shine  on  our  happy  land." 

2.  Portrait  of  General  Washington  encompassed  with 
thirteen  stars,  representing  the  States,  with  the  motto 
above,  "Independent,  united  and  free!"  Below  the 
motto,  "  Success  to  our  allies  ! " 

3.  Peace  represented  with  implements  of  husbandry, 
and  a  dove  with  an  olive  branch,  with  the  motto,  "They 
shall  beat  their  swords  into  plowshares  and  their  spears 
into  pruning  hooks." 


CENT]  WIM.  VKAi;  OF  PEACE.  311 

4.  Plenty  represented  by  ten  cornucopias  with  fruits 
ami  flowers;  the  cornua  supporting  a  festoon,  two  wheal 
sheaves  and  a  basket  of  fruit. 

.").  The  crown  of  France  in  the  middle  of  the  four  de 
//*,  with  the  motto,  "  Long  Live  Louis  XV." 

6.  A  trophy  adorned  with  British  arms,  drums  and 
inverted  standard;  motto,  "Spoils  of  our  foes,"  over 
which  was  Fame  riving,  with  a  label  from  her  trumpet, 
••  America  shall  be  free !" 

7.  Britannia  sitting  in  a  disconsolate  position  point- 
ing to  her  broken  spear,  saying  by  a  label,  "Alas,  I've 
lost  America!"  Mars  standing-  with  his  sword  extended 
over  her  and  saying  per  label,  "I've  humbled  her!" 

8.  America  in  the  figure  of  an  Indian  with  his  bow 
and  arrows,  and  the  British  crown  lying  at  his  feet. 
Mercury  standing  by  him  with  a  laurel  crown,  saying, 
per  label,  "The  laurels  thou  hast  won." 

The  celebration  at  Bordentowu  closed  with  a  grand 
ball  in  the  evening.  New  Brunswick  had  a  curious  bon- 
fire in  the  evening ;  sixteen  tar  barrels,  supported  by 
separate  poles  of  great  length,  all  set  on  fire  at  the  same 
time  with  a  large  quantity  of  combustibles  around  the 
tallest  poles. 

In  almost  every  town  the  celebration  was  commenced 
by  divine  services.  At  New  Brunswick  the  services  were 
in  the  Dutch  Church,  and  conducted  b}r  a  Presbyterian 
minister,  Rev.  Israel  Reed.  His  text  was  from  Ecc.  7:14, 
"  In  this  day  of  prosperity  be  joyful."  At  Woodbridge 
Rev.  Mr.  Roe  conducted  the  services. 

The  toasts  in  the  various  towns,  Trenton,  Princeton 
and  elsewhere,  were  very  pertinent. 

HoW  THE  NEWS  CAME — A  RACE  ACROSS  THE  OCEAN. 

Provisional  articles  of  peace  between  Great  Britain 
and  the  United  States  were  signed  at  Paris,  November 
20,  1782,  to  go  into  effect  when  a  treaty  between  France 
and  Great  Britain  should  be  agreed  upon,  which  was 
done  January  20, 1783,  but  not  to  go  into  effect  until  rati- 
fications were  exchanged.     This  took  place  February  3, 


312  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

1783,  and  as  soon  as  it  occurred  our  French  friends  were 
intensely  anxious  that  a  French  ship  should  be  the 
bearer  of  the  first  news  received  in  America.  Lafayette 
and  Count  D'Estaing  determined  to  have  a  war  ship 
started  at  the  earliest  possible  moment.  It  would  not  do 
to  send  a  ship  by  way  of  the  Channel  or  North  Sea,  as 
the  treaty  did  not  affect  vessels  there  until  twelve  days 
after  February  3,  and  their  ships  might  be  intercepted. 
But  D'Estaing  had  an  immense  new  fleet  of  sixty  war 
ships  just  fitted  out  to  aid  in  attacking  England.  It  was 
determmed  to  send  one  of  this  fleet,  then  lying  at  Cadiz, 
at  the  farthest  extremity  of  Spain.  By  the  time  the  dis- 
patches were  prepared,  sent  to  the  ship,  and  the  ship 
fitted  for  the  voyage,  over  two  weeks  had  elapsed.  On 
the  19th  of  February  she  set  sail.  The  name  of  the  ship 
was  the  "  Triumph."  Perhaps  Lafayette  and  D'Estaing 
selected  her  because  of  her  name  to  carry  the  triumphant 
news.  Her  captain  was  the  Chevalier  du  Quesne.  The 
anxiety  was  great  that  she  should  get  the  news  to  Phila- 
delphia before  a  British  ship  could  carry  the  news  to  the 
enemy  in  New  York:  In  this  our  French  friends  were 
gratified.  The  English  ship  did  not  reach  New  York 
until  April  -4,  while  the  "  Triumph,"  after  a  passage  of 
thirty-two  days,  reached  the  capes  of  the  Delaware,  when 
the  captain  went  ashore  and  started  an  express  with  the 
dispatches,  which  reached  Philadelphia  at  9  o'clock  on  the 
morning  of  March  23,  beating  the  British  nearly  two 
weeks.  On  Wednesday,  March  26,  the  New  Jersey 
Gazettt ,  at  Trenton,  published  the  news  under  the  head 
of  "Peace,  Liberty  and  Independence." 

It  is  doubtful  if  the  Trenton  State  Gazettt  of  1865,  in 
publishing  the  news  of  Lee's  surrender,  spread  so  much 
joy  as  did  its  predecessor  by  the  news  in  its  issue  of 
March  2(5,  1783. 

B.  Smith  was  postmaster  at  Trenton  then,  and  the 
dispatches  came,  probably,  to  his  care  by  James  Martin, 
who  was  post-rider  between  Philadelphia  and  Trenton. 
There  were  no  post-offices  then  in  Burlington  or  Mon- 
mouth.    John  Van  Kirk,  of  Cranb err v,  an  ex-Sheriff  of 


HIGH    PBICE    FOR   A   MONMOUTH   BOOK.  313 

Middlesex,  was  a  post-rider  on  Ins  own  account  from 
Trenton  to  Allentown,  Freehold,  Middletown,  etc.,  and 
similar  post-riders  carried  the  old  New  Jersey  Gazette  to 
East  Jersey,  Newark,  Morris  and  elsewhere,  and  great 
joy  did  those  post-riders  bring  to  every  town  and  home 
with  the  news. 

In  most  of  the  celebrations  of  peace  in  New  Jersey 
the  three  prominent  toasts  were  :  "  February  3d,"  date 
of  Peace ;  "  April  19th,"  Battle  of  Lexington ;  "  July 
4th,"  Independence  Day.  And  these  three  memorable 
days  were  commemorated  in  one.  The  thirteenth  toast 
at  Princeton  expressed  the  idea  of  all :  "  May  the  recol- 
lection of  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  the  4th  of  July,  1776, 
and  the  2d  of  February,  1783,  prove  a  terror  to  tyrants 
and  oppressors  throughout  the  world." 

Of  course  the  finale  of  the  war  had  not  yet  come. 
Evacuation  Day,  November  25,  1783,  when  the  British 
evacuated  New  York,  was  perhaps  the  last  act  in  the 
eight  years'  war.  What  a  fearful  contrast  between  the 
distress  and  despair  of  the  Refugees  in  New  York,  whom 
peace  had  ruined,  and  the  joy  of  the  Patriots ! 

HIGH  PRICE  FOR  A  MONMOUTH  BOOK. 


Philip  Freneau,  the  popular  poet  of  the  Revolution, 
issued  from  his  press  at  Mount  Pleasant,  Monmouth 
county,. in  1795,  a  volume  of  his  poems  entitled : 

POEMS, 

Written  between  the  years  1768  and  1791, 

By  Philip  Freneau,  of  New  Jersey. 

A  new  edition,  revised  and  corrected  by  the  Author, 

Including  a  considerable  number  of  pieces  never  before  published. 

Audax  inde  cohort  stellis  eplurebus  unum 

Ardua  pyramidos  lull  it  ad  intra  caput. 

MONMOUTH, 

N.  J. 
Printed  at  the  Press  of  the  Author,  at  MOUNT  PLEASANT,  near  MIDDLE- 
TOWN  POINT  :    M.DCC.XCV  :  and  of  American  Independence  XIX. 

Over  the  Latin  motto  is  a  pyramid  of  fifteen  stars — 
the  pyramid  of  fifteen  American  States.  There  are  other 
editions  of  his  poems,  but  this  one  is  so  rare  that  it  is 
highly  prized  by  antiquarians.     Our  attention  has  been 


31-i  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

called  to  this  book  by  the  fact  that  in  a  recent  London 
bookseller's  catalogue  a  copy  is  advertised  for  sale  ; 
price,  I'.'!.  10s.  (about  seventeen  dollars.)  A  leading  Ameri- 
can dealer  in,  and  importer  of  rare  and  curious  works, 
generally  charges  a  customer  here  forty  cents  for  every 
shilling  a  book  costs  in  London,  to  cover  risks  and  profit. 
This  would  make  this  book  cost  an  American  purchaser 
twenty-eight  dollars !  But  this  is  not  the  highest  price 
this  work  has  been  held  at.  A  friend  found  a  copy  in  an 
antiquarian  bookstore  in  Washington  a  few  years  ago, 
for  which  the  dealer  asked  some  forty  odd  dollars,  but 
finally  got  down  to  thirty-five  dollars ! 

Philip  Freneau  married  Miss  Eleanor  Forman, 
daughter  of  Samuel  Forman,  a  wealthy  citizen  of  the 
county.  Colonel  Jonathan  and  Denise  Forman,  men- 
tioned in  the  historical  sketches  of  the  county  in  connec- 
tion with  Revolutionary  matters,  were  her  brothers,  and 
General  David  Forman  was  a  cousin.  Both  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Freneau  are  buried  at  Mount  Pleasant.  He  died 
December  18,  1832. 

The  following  account  of  his  death  was  published  in 
the  Monmouth  Inquirer  at  the  time  : 

"  Mr  Freneau  was  in  the  village,  and  started  towards  evening  to  go 
home,  about  two  miles.  In  attempting  to  go  across  he  appears  to  have  got 
lost  and  mired  in  a  hog  meadow,  where  his  lifeless  corps  was  discovered 
yesterday.  Captain  Freneau  was  a  stanch  Whig  in  the  time  of  the  Revolu- 
tion, a  good  soldier  and  a  warm  patriot.  The  productions  of  his  pen  ani- 
mated his  countrymen  in  the  darkest  days  of  76,  and  the  effusions  of  his 
muse  cheered  the  desponding  soldier  as  lie  fought  the  battles  of  freedom. 

"Of  this  poet,  from  whom  Thomas  Campbell  and  Walter  Scott  did 
not  hesitate  to  plagiarize;  whom  the  greatest  English  critic  compared  to 
Gray  and  who  wrote  pieces  that  Scott  learned  1>\  heart,  one  of  which  he 
pronounced  'as  fine  as  anything  written  in  the  Knglish  language,'  is  a 
man  of  whom  Monmouth  has  a  reason  to  he  proud.  He  was  the  intimate 
friend  of  Leading  American  statesmen  for  nearly  two  generations." 

AN  AMUSING  STRATAGEM. 


The  noted  Commodore  Percival,  who  died  a  few 
years  ago,  familiarly  named  "Mad  Jack  Percival,"  in  the 
early  part  of  his  naval  career  was  the  hero  of  an  adven- 
ture (in  our  coast,  which  is  thus  described  by  a  paper 
published  in  New  York  at  the  time  : 

"  ( )n  Sunday  morning,  July  4,  1813,  the  fishing  smack 


AN    AMUSING    BTBATAGEM.  315 

'  Xankee'  was  borrowed  by  Commodore  Lewis,  who  had 
command  of  the  American  flotilla  stationed  at  Sandj 
Hook,  for  the  purpose  of  taking  by  stratagem  the  sloop 
'  Eagle,'  tender  to  the  Poictiers  74,  cruising  off  and  on 

Sandy  Hook,  which  succeeded  to  a  charm.  A  calf,  a 
sheep  and  a  goose  were  purchased  and  secured  on  deck. 
Thirty  men,  well  armed,  were  secreted  in  the  cabin  and 
forepeak.  Thus  prepared,  the  '  Yankee '  stood  out  of 
Mosquito  Cove,  as  if  going  on  a  fishing  trip  to  the  Banks; 
three  men  only  being  on  deck  dressed  in  fishermen's 
apparel,  with  buff  caps  on.  The  'Eagle,'  on  perceiving 
the  smack,  immediately  gave  chase,  and  after  coming  up 
with  her  and  rinding  she  had  live  stock  on  board,  ordered 
her  to  go  down  to  the  Commodore,  then  five  miles  dis- 
tant. The  helmsman  of  the  smack  answered,  'Ay!  ay, 
sir ! '  and  apparently  put  up  the  helm  for  that  purpose, 
which  brought  him  alongside  the  '  Eagle,'  not  three  yards 
distant.  The  watchword  '  Lawrence '  was  then  given, 
Avhen  the  armed  men  rushed  on  deck  from  their  hiding 
places  and  poured  into  her  a  volley  of  musketry  which 
struck  the  crew  with  dismay,  and  drove  them  so  precipi- 
tately into  the  hold  that  they  had  not  time  to  strike  the 
flag.  Seeing  the  enemy's  deck  clear,  Sailingmaster  Per- 
cival,  who  commanded  the  expedition,  ordered  the  men 
to  cease  from  firing,  upon  which  one  of  the  men  came  out 
the  hold  and  struck  the  '  Eagle's '  colors.  They  had  on 
board  a  thirty-two  pound  brass  howitzer  loaded  with 
canister  shot,  but  so  sudden  was  the  surprise  they  had 
not  time  to  discharge  it.  The  crew  of  the  '  Eagle  '  con- 
sisted of  H.  Morris,  master's  mate  of  the  Poictiers,  "W. 
Price,  midshipman,  and  eleven  seamen  and  marines.  Mr. 
Morris  was  killed,  Mr.  Price  mortally  wounded,  and  one 
marine  killed  and  one  wounded.  The  '  Eagle,'  with  the 
prisoners,  arrived  off  the  Battery  in  the  afternoon  and 
landed  the  prisoners  at  Whitehall,  amid  the  shouts  and 
plaudits  of  thousands  of  spectators  assembled  at  the 
Battery  to  celebrate  the  anniversary  of  independence. 
Mr.  Morris  was  buried  at  Sandy  Hook  with  military 
honors.     Mr.  Price  was  carried  to  New  York,  where  on 


:;ii;       history  of  monmouth  and  ocean  counties. 

Thursday  he  died,  and  was  buried  with  military  cere- 
monies in  St.  Paul's  churchyard." 

A  traditionary  version  of  this  affair,  as  related  by 
the  late  Judge  Job  F.  Randolph,  of  Barnegat,  says  that 

Percival  wished  to  make  his  boat  appear  as  a  market 
boat;  that  he  placed  one  of  his  men  on  a  seat  close  to 
the  bulwark  disguised  as  an  old  Quakerish  looking 
farmer,  with  broad-brimmed  hat  and  long  staff  in  hand, 
while  he  looked  like  an  ignorant  boor  at  the  wheel,  and 
by  his  answers  made  the  British  think  he  was  half-witted. 
"When  ordered  to  drop  alongside,  under  threat  of  being 
tired  into,  he  made  a  silly  reply  to  the  effect,  "You  had 
better  not  try  it,  for  dad's  big  molasses  jug  is  on  deck, 
and  if  you  broke  that,  he  would  make  you  sorry  for  it." 

THE  SKIRMISH  AT  MAJSTAHAWKEN. 


At  one  time  it  was  rumored  that  the  Refugee,  Cap- 
tain John  Bacon,  with  a  party  of  his  marauders,  was  on 
his  way  to  Manahawken,  on  a  plundering  expedition,  and 
such  of  the  militia  as  could  be  notified,  were  hastily 
summoned  together  at  Captain  Randolph's  house  to  pre- 
pare to  meet  them.  The  handful  of  militia  remained  on 
the  alert  the  greater  part  of  the  night,  but  towards 
morning,  rinding  the  enemy  failed  to  appear,  they  con- 
cluded it  was  a  false  alarm,  ami  retired  to  sleep,  after 
stationing  sentinels.  Tradition  says  that  the  sentinels 
were  stationed  on  the  main  road,  two  above  the  hotel, 
and  two  below,  and  that  on  one  post  were  Jeremiah  Ben- 
nett and  -lob  Randolph,  and  on  the  other.  Seth Crane  ami 
Samuel  Bennett,  and  that  Captain  Randolph  superin- 
tended the  lookout. 

I  e  Refugees  came  down  the  road  from  the  north, 
and  the  tirst  intimation  the  sentinels  stationed  near  the 
old  Baptist  church  had  of  their  approach,  was  hearing 
their  bayonets  strike  together  as  they  were  marching. 
The  sentinels  haltel  long  enough  to  see  that  the  party 
was  quite  large,  double  the  number  of  the  militia,  and 
tiring,  ran    across  the    fields  to  give    tin'   alarm.      By  the 


THE   SKIRMISH    AT    MANAHAWKEN.  317 

time  the  few  militia  were  aroused,  the  Refugees  were 
abreast  of  the  house,  and  before  the  Americans  could 
form,  they  were  fired  upon,  and  Lines  Pangburn  killed, 
and  Sylvester  Tilton  severely  wounded.  The  militia 
were  compelled  to  retreat  down  the  lane  before  they 
could  organize,  when,  finding  the  Refugees  had  the 
larger  force,  and  were  well  armed,  they  were  reluctantly 
compelled  to  decline  pursuing  them.  The  Refugees 
passed  down  the  road  towards  West  Creek. 

Tilton,  who  was  so  severely  wounded,  recovered 
almost  miraculously,  as  the  ball  passed  clear  through 
him,  going  in  by  one  shoulder  and  out  at  his  breast  ;  the 
physician,  as  is  well  authenticated,  passed  a  silk  hand- 
kerchief completely  through  the  wound.  After  the  war 
was  over,  Tilton  removed  to  Colt's  Xeck,  where  it  is 
believed  some  of  his  descendants  now  live.  Lines  Pang- 
burn,  who  was  killed,  was  probably  the  same  person  who 
aided  in  organizing  the  Baptist  church  at  Manahawken, 
was  the  lirst  delegate  to  the  General  Association,  and 
also  the  man  referred  to  so  very  kindly  by  Rev.  John 
Murray,  as  "Esquire"  Pangburn. 

Sylvester  Tilton  always  believed  that  a  Refugee 
named  Brewer,  was  the  man  who  wounded  him,  and  he 
vowed  to  have  revenge  if  he  should  ever  meet  him. 

Several  years  after  the  war  closed,  he  heard  that 
Brewer  was  at  a  certain  place,  and  he  started  after  him 
unarmed,  though  he  knew  Brewer  was  always  well  pro- 
vided with  weapons.  He  found  Brewer  and  closed  in  on 
him  before  the  Refugee  could  avail  himself  of  weapons, 
and  gave  him  a  most  unmerciful  beating ;  it  would  prob- 
ably have  fared  worse  with  Brewer  but  for  the  interfer- 
ence of  a  much  esteemed  Quaker  named  James  Willets. 
After  Tilton  had  finished,  he  told  Brewer,  "You  scoun- 
drel, you  tried  to  kill  me  once,  and  I  have  now  settled 
with  you  for  it,  and  you've  got  to  leave  here  and  follow 
the  rest  of  your  gang."  The  rest  of  the  Refugees  had 
fled  to  Xova  Scotia. 

After  the  war  the  widow  of  Lines  Pangburn  applied 
to  the  court  at  Freehold  for   relief  and  the   following  is 


318  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

a  copy  of  the  record  in  the  Clerk's  office  : 

"  To  the  Honorable  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions  to  be 
holden  in  and  for  the  county  of  Monmouth.  Whereas 
L.  Pangburn,  a  militiaman,  an  inhabitant  of  Stafford, 
under  command  of  Captaiu  Joseph  Randolph,  who  was 
shot  dead  as  he  stood  on  guard,  by  a  party  of  Refugees, 
on  the  thirty-first  day  of  December,  1780,  in  the  pres- 
ence of  Sylvester  Tilton  (who  was  shot  through  with  a 
bullet  at  the  same  time)  and  Reuben  Randolph,  both 
being  sworn  and   affirmed  before   me,  Amos   Pharo,  say 

the  above  facts  are  true. 

Sylvester  Tilton, 

Reuben  Randolph. 

Amos  Pharo. 

Now  the  widow  of  him,  the  deceased,  by  the  name 
of  Ann  Pangburn,  prays  that  your  Honors  may  give  her 
some  aid  for  her  support  as  she  is  blind  and  in  low  cir- 
cumstances. 

The  Court  allowed  her  half  pay." 


BATTLE    MONUMENT,    FREEHOLD. 


320         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

THE  BATTLE  MONUMENT. 


•EFFORTS   TO   ERECT  IT. 

In  1846  and  in  1854  special  efforts  were  made  to  ac- 
complish the  erection  of  a  monument  to  commemorate 
the  Battle  of  Monmouth.  The  first  step  taken  was  the 
publication  of  an  advertisement  in  the  Monmouth  In- 
quirer of  June  18,  1846,  and  was  as  follows  : 

MONUMENT 

ON 

MONMOUTH  BATTLE-GROUND.      . 

THE  citizens  of  Monmouth  county,  who  are  in  favor  of  taking  measures 
to  erect  a  monument  to  commemorate  the  Battle  of  Monmouth,  are  re- 
quested to  meet  in  the  Court  House,  in  the  village  of  Freehold,  on  SAT- 
URDAY, the  27th  inst,,  at  3  o'clock,  P.  M. 

John  Hull, 
William  H.  Bennett, 
Enoch  Coward, 
D.  V.  McLean, 

A.  C.  McLean, 

J.  B.  Throckmorton, 

H.  D.   POLHEMUS, 

B.  F.  Randolph. 
Freehold,  June  18,  1846. 

Next,  a  copy  of  the  Democrat  of  July  2,  1846,  con- 
tained a  report  of  the  proceedings  of  the  meeting  as 
follows : 

MONUMENTAL    MEETING. 

A  call  for  a  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  count}* 
of  Monmouth,  to  take  measures  to  erect  a  monument  in 
commemoration  of  the  Battle  of  Monmouth,  having  been 
published  in  the  Freehold  papers,  a  number  of  persons 
met  at  the  time  appointed. 

Enoch  Coward,  Sen.,  was  called  to  the  chair,  and  A. 
C.  McLean  appointed  Secretary. 

The  object  of  the  meeting  was  stated  b}-  Rev.  D.  V. 
McLean,  and  remarks  made  by  J.  B.  Throckmorton,  B. 
Connolly,  Rev.  A.  Marcellus  and  others. 

The  following  resolutions  were  offered  by  D.  B.  Mc- 
Lean, and  adopted : 

1.  Resolved,  That  it  is  the  duty  of  a  grateful  posterity  to  commemorate 
not  only  in  their  hearts,  but  by  suitable  monuments,  the  noble  deeds  of 
their  fathers,  and  the  important  events  in  their  history. 

2.  Resolved,  That  among  the  important  events  of  our  Revolutionaiy 
struggle,  the  Battle  of  Monmouth  should  never  be  forgotten. 


THE    BATTLE    MONUMENT.  321 

;?.  Resolved,  That  we  believe  the  time  lias  fully  come  when  the  citia  dg 
of  Monmouth  county  should  unite  and  erect  a  suitable  monumenl  to  com- 
memorate thai  important  event. 

4.  Resolved,  That  the  proceedings  of  this  meeting  1"'  published  in  the 
Freehold  papers. 

The  meeting  then  adjourned  to  meet  in   the  Court 

House  on  the  4th  day  of  August,  at  2  o'clock,  P.  M. 

From  the  Monmouth  Inquirer,  August  6,  1846. 

MONUMENT  MEETING. 

The  adjourned  meeting,  called  to  take  into  further 
consideration  the  propriety  and  importance  of  erecting  a 
monumeut  to  designate  the  ground  and  to  commemorate 
the  Battle  of  Monmouth,  convened  in  the  court  room, 
during  the  recess  of  court,  on  Tuesday.  A  considerable 
number  were  present,  among  whom  we  noticed  some  of 
our  most  estimable  and  influential  citizens.  The  meeting- 
was  temporarily  organized  by  the  appointment  of  Thomas 
G.  Haight,  President,  and  Amzi  C.  McLean,  Esq,,  Secre- 
tary. It  was,  therefore,  determined  to  organize  a  per- 
manent association  to  be  called  "  The  Monmouth  Monu- 
ment Association"  for  the  accomplishment  of  this 
purpose.  A  constitution  was  then  offered  by  Rev.  D.  Y. 
McLean,  which  was  taken  up,  section  by  section,  and, 
with  a  few  immaterial  alterations,  adopted.  The  officers 
of  the  association  are  a  President,  one  Yice-President 
from  each  township,  a  Treasurer  and  Secretary,  and  a 
committee  for  the  circulation  of  subscriptions  and  the 
collection  of  funds,  consisting  of  three  from  each  town- 
ship. The  contribution  of  jifty  cents  will  constitute  an 
individual  a  member  of  this  association.  When  the 
monument  is  erected,  the  organization  and  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  association,  with  the  subscription  books 
containing  the  names  of  those  who  shall  contribute 
towards  the  erection,  will  be  placed  securely  in  the  base 
of  the  Monument,  there  to  remain  until  some  convulsion 
of  nature  or  the  destroying  hand  of  man  shall  prostrate 
it  with  the  earth.  Thus  by  contributing  fifty  cents  the 
name  of  each  individual  will  be  transmitted  to  posterity 
down  to  the  latest  ages.     The  following  are  the  names 


322  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

of  the  permanent  officers  and  committees  of  the  associ- 
ation : 

President — Thomas  G.  Haight. 

Vice-Presidents — James  S.  Lawrence.  Esq..  of  Up- 
per Freehold  ;  Thomas  M.  Perrine.  of  Millstone  ;  James 
W.  Andrews,  of  Freehold;  William  Little,  of  Middle- 
town;  Lvttleton  White,  of  Shrewsbury:  Halsted  Wain- 
right,  of 'Howell  ;  Samuel  0.  Dunham,  of  Dover:  Edward 
Allen,  of  Jackson;  John  Meirs,  of  Plumsted;  Samuel 
Birdsall,  of  Union;  David  W.  Moore,  of  Stafford 

Treasurer — Thomas  H.  Arrowsmith. 

s  oretary — A.  C.  McLean. 

Managi  rs. 

TJjyper  Freehold. — Thomas  Miller,  John  Cox  and 
Augustus  Ivins. 

Millstone. —  William  P.  Forman,  Rev.  Charles  F. 
Worrell  and  Joseph  J.  Ely. 

Freehold. — Robert  E.  Craig,  Enoch  L.  Coward  and 
Samuel  Conover. 

Middletvwn. — Dr.  Edward  Taylor,  Asbury  Fountain 
and  Daniel  Holmes. 

Shn  wshury. — Thomas  E.  Combs,  Dr.  John  E.  Cono- 
ver and  James  Green. 

H&wett. — Dr.  Robert  Xaird,  John  S.  Forman  and 
Andrew  Simpson. 

Jackson. — William  Allen,  William  Francis  and 

Horner. 

/;,„•,  r. — Dr.    Lewis    Lane,   Anthony    Ivins.   Jr.    and 

David  Jeffrey. 

Union.-— John  Tilton.  William  Birdsall  and  Joseph 
H  >lrnes. 

Stafford. — Samnel  M.  Oliphant,  John  Willits  and  Dr. 

A.  G.  Hankinson. 

the  movement  of  185-4. 
The  movement  of  1854,  referred  to.  took  no  definite 
shape.  It  originated  with  Major  S.  S.  Forman,  of  Syra- 
cuse, New  York,  a  native  of  Monmouth,  and  who  went 
over  the  battle-field  the  day  after  the  battle,  being  at 
that  time  only  thirteen  years  of  age.  Happening  to  fall 
in  with  a  stray  copy  of  the  Democrat  it  revived  old  recol- 
lections, and  he  wrote  the  editor  a  letter,  which  was 
published,  in  which  he  referred  to  the  movement  of  18-46, 
and  urged  that  a  monument  ought  to  be  erected  on  some 


lllsTnKY  OF  TIIK  BATTLE  MONUMENT  ORGANIZATION.      323 

spot   in  or  adjacent  to  the   village,  where   it  would   1 f 

easy  access  tt>  visitors. 

The  letter  excited  some  interest,  and  was  the  subject 
of  a  good  deal  of  discussion  throughout  the  county,  and 
one  gentleman,  Mr.  William  T.  Sutphin,  who  then  owned 
the  parsonage  farm,  went  so  Ear  as  to  offer  to  give  four 
acres  of  ground  on  the  highest  part  of  the  farm,  and 
one  thousand  dollars  in  money  towards  the  erection  of 
the  monument,  Imt  as  no  steps  were  taken  towards 
organizing  the  movement,  the  whole  matter  gradually 
faded  out. 

HISTOEY  OF  THE  BATTLE  MONUMENT  OR- 
GANIZATION. 


The  final  movement  toward  the  erection  of  the 
monument  was  made  in  response  to  an  address  delivered 
by  ex-Governor  Joel  Parker,  at  Freehold,  on  the  ninetv- 
ninth  anniversary  of  the  battle,  June  28,  1877.  A  preli- 
minary meeting  for  the  purpose  was  held  September  17, 
and  the  Monmouth  Battle  Monument  Association  was 
organized  October  2,  1S77.  At  this  meeting  Governor 
Parker  was  elected  president,  Major  James  S.  Yard, 
secretary,  and  a  general  committee  of  three  gentlemen 
from  each  township  in  Monmouth  county  selected  to 
procure  the  funds  necessary  for  the  erection  of  the  monu- 
ment. The  people  of  the  State,  and  especially  of 
Monmouth  county,  during  the  years  1878,  1879  and  1880, 
contributed  nearly  $10,000  to  this  object.  On  February 
2,  1878,  the  association  accepted  the  offer  of  a  plot  of 
land,  to  be  called  "Monument  Park,"  in  Freehold,  as  a 
gift  from  the  heirs  of  Daniel  S.  Schanck.  On  May  7, 
1878,  the  association  was  incorporated  under  the  provis- 
ions of  an  "Act  to  incorporate  associations  for  the  erec- 
tion and  maintenance  of  monuments  and  statues," 
approved  March  19,  1878.  The  same  president  and 
secretary  were  re-elected,  and  Mr.  John  B.  Conover  made 
treasurer,  Major  James  S.  Yard,  Theodore  W.  Morris, 
James  T.  Burtis,  John  H.  Laird    and    Hal    Allaire,  the 


324         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

executive  and  finance  committee.  The  corner-stone  of 
the  monument  was  laid  with  Masonic  ceremonies,  June 
28,  1878,  in  the  presence  of  Governor  George  B.  Mc- 
Olellan  and  a  large  number  of  distinguished  guests.  The 
deed  to  the  park  was  presented  by  Mr.  Theodore  W. 
Morris,  representing  the  estate  of  D.  8.  Schanck. 
Addresses  were  delivered  by  ex-Governors  Newell  and 
Parker,  by  the  Hon.  S.  S.  Cox,  Mr.  B.  W.  Throckmorton 
and  General  Henry  B.  Carrington.  The  State  of  New 
Jersey,  by  an  act  of  March  14,  1881,  appropriated 
$10,000,  and  placed  the  work  under  the  charge  of  a 
commission  instructed  to  select  a  design,  contract  for, 
erect  and  finish  a  monument  in  the  park  at  Freehold, 
where  the  battle  commenced,  June  28,  1778.  Under  this 
act  the  Monument  Association  selected  rive  trustees- -Mr. 
Theodore  W.  Morris,  Major  James  S.  Yard,  Mr.  James  T. 
Burtis,  Mr.  Hal  Allaire  and  Mr.  John  B.  Conover — to 
represent  them  in  the  newly-created  State  commission. 
The  State  officials  to  represent  the  State  on  this  commis- 
sion were  the  President  of  the  Senate  and  the  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Assembly  ;  Hon.  Edward  J.  Anderson,. 
Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  ;  General  Lewis  Perrine, 
Quartermaster-General,  and  General  William  S.  Stryker, 
Adjutant-General.  On  April  9,  1881,  the  commission  was 
organized  by  electing  Hon.  Garret  A.  Hobart,  President 
of  the  Senate,  to  be  president  of  the  commission  ;  Hon. 
Harrison  VanDuyne,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Assembly, 
and  Mr.  Theodore  W.  Morris,  vice  presidents  ;  Colonel 
Edwin  F.  Applegate,  secretary,  and  Mr.  John  B.  Conover, 
Treasurer.  Governor  Parker,  President  of  the  associa- 
tion, was  invited  to  be  present  at  each  meeting  of  the 
commission,  and  assist  them  by  his  advice  and  counsel. 
The  commission,  at  this  meeting,  also  ordered  a  deed  to 
be  executed  to  the  State  of  New  Jersey  for  Monument 
Park.  The  Congress  of  the  United  States  passed  a  law, 
approved  July  6,  1882,  granting  an  appropriation  of 
$20,000  for  the  purpose  of  completing  a  monument.  A 
committee  on  design,  consisting  of  Mr.  Theodore  W. 
Morris,  Hon.  Edward  J.  Anderson,  General   Louis  Per- 


HISTORY  OF  THE  BATTLE  MONUMENT  ORGANIZATION.      325 

rine,  Genera]  William  S.  Stryker  and  Mr.  Hal  Allaire, 
on  October  K'>.  L882,  invited  the  submission  of  designs 
and  specifications  for  the  battle  monument,  and  on 
March  2,  1883,  the  design  executed  by  Emelin  T.  Littell 
and  Douglass  Smythe,  architects,  and  J.  E.  Kelly,  sculp- 
tor, and  exhibited  by  Maurice  J.  Power,  of  New  York 
City,  was  accepted,  and  a  contract  was  awarded  Mr. 
Power,  of  the  "National  Fine  Art  Foundry,"  for  its 
erection,  for  the  sum  of  s36,000.  On  May  it,  1883,  the 
services  of  Mr.  Edward  E.  Raht,  architect,  were  secured  to 
superintend  the  construction  of  the  monument,  Hon. 
Garret  A.  Hobart,  President  of  the  Senate,  was  elected 
president  of  the  commission,  and  Hon.  John  T.  Dunn, 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Assembly,  and  Mr.  Theodore 
W.  Morris,  vice  presidents,  for  the  year  1882.  The 
officers  of  the  commission  for  1883  were  Mr.  Theodore  TV. 
Morris,  president,  and  Hon.  John  J.  Gardner,  President 
of  the  Senate,  and  Hon.  Thomas  O'Connor,  Speaker  of 
the  House  of  Assembly,  vice-presidents.  In  1884,  Mr. 
Morris  was  re-elected  president  of  the  commission,  with 
Hon.  Benjamin  A.  Yail,  President  of  the  Senate,  and 
Hon.  Alfred  B.  Stoney,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Assem- 
bly, vice-presidents.  The  other  officers  of  the  commis- 
sion continue  at  this  date  the  same  as  first  elected  in 
1881. 

TRUSTEES  OF  MONMOUTH  BATTLE  MONUMENT  ASSOCIATION. 

1884, 

President,  Joel  Paekee. 

Vice-Presidents,     Chiliox    Robbixs.     De.     Robebt    Lalrd.    John    S. 

AprLEGAlE. 

Secretary.  James  S.  Yaed. 

Treasurer,  Johx  B.  Coxoveb. 

Trustees,  Theodore  W.  Morris,  Edwin  F.  Applegate,  James  T.  Burtis. 
John  H.  Laird.  Levi  G.  Irwin,  Hal  Allaire,  Jacob  Stults,  Thomas  Field, 
Daniel  P.  YanDoren,  William  H.  Hendrickson,  Dr.  S.  H.  Hunt,  Thomas 
Burrowes,  James  A.  Bradley,  William  L.  Terhune. 

MONUMENT  COMMISSION,  1884. 

President.  Theodoee  W.  Moreis. 
Vice-President,  Hox.  B.  A.  Yail.  Hon.  A.  B  Stoxey. 
Secretary,  Edwin  F.  Applegate. 
Treasurer,  Johx  B.  Coxovee. 

Trustees.  Gen.  Lewis  Perrine.  Gen.  William  S.  Stryker.  Hon.  E.  J. 
Anderson,  Maj.  James  S.  Yard,  Hal  Allaire.  James  T.  Burtis. 


826  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

MONUMENT    PARK. 

The    park    comprises    three    and    a    quarter    acres, 

eligibly  located  on  a  commanding  knoll,  a  short  distance 

from  the   main  street  of  the    town,  and   the   title   for  the 

same  is  vested  iu  the  State. 

DONOES  OF  THE  PARK. 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  Schanck,  Mb.  Andrew  H.  Schanck, 

Mrs.  Theo.  VV.  Mobbis,  Mb.  Daniel  S.  Schanck. 

Mbs.  Alice  C.  Schanck,  Mr.  Geobge  E.  Schanck, 

Heirs  of  Daniel  S.  Schanck,  deceased. 

[NVITED   GUESTS. 
The  number  of  tickets  issued   to  invited  guests  was 
six    hundred    and    twenty-four    (624),    which    were     dis- 
tributed as  follows  : 

The  President  of  the  United  States  and  his  Cabinet. 

The  Governor  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey. 

The  surviving  ex-Governors  of  New  Jersey. 

The  Governors  of  the  several  States  of  the  Union. 

The  Judiciary  and  State  <  tfneers  of  New  Jersey 

The  United  States  Senators  from  New  Jersey. 

The  Congressional  Representatives  from  New  Jersey. 

Minister  from  Great  Britain. 

Minister  from  France. 

Minister  from  Germany. 

The  Senate  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey. 

The  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey. 

The  Governor's  Staff. 

General  Officers  of  the  Genera!  Society  of  the  Cincinnati. 

The  New  Jersey  Society  of  the  Cincinnati. 

Officers  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Free  Masons 

The  New  Jersey  Historical  Society. 

The  Monmouth  Battle  Monument  Association. 

The  Monmouth  Battle  Monument  Commission. 

Ex-Officers  of  the  Monmouth  Battle  .Monument  Commission. 

The  Trenton  Monument  Association 

Descendants  of  Colonel  Ramsey. 

The  Board  of  Chosen  Freeholders  and  other  <  Mricers  of  the  County  <>t~ 
Monmouth. 

The  Board  of  Commissioners  of  the  Town  of  Freehold. 

The  Donors  of  Monument  Park. 

The  Contractors  and  Architects  of  the  Monument 

The  Police  Commissioners  of  the  Cities  of  New  York  and  Philadelphia 

The  Orators  at  the  Laying  of  the  Corner-stone  of  the  Monument  in 
1878. 

The  Clergy  of  the  Town  of  Freehold. 

NOTICE     TO     THE     CIVIC     SOCIETIES     OF     THE     STATE    OF     NEW 

JERSEY. 

The  unveiling  of  the  Monmouth  Battle  Monument 
took  place  at  Freehold,  N.  J.,  Thursday,  November  13, 
1884. 


BIST0R1   OF   UN    BATTLE  MONUMENT  ORGANIZATION.      327 

Three  hundred  and  fifty  (350)  scats  were  occupied  at 
the  banquet  provided  by  the  committee  for  the  invited 
guests. 

THE    PROCESSION. 

The  procession  formed  on  Broad  streel  and  inarched 
through  the  principal  streets.  It  was  reviewed  by  Gov- 
ernor Abbett.  who,  with  his  staff  and  a  number  of 
dignitaries  and  distinguished  visitors,  occupied  the  re- 
viewing stand  erected  by  the  county  in  front  of  the 
court  house.  After  the  review,  Governor  Abbett  and 
staff,  and  all  the  officials  on  the  stand,  joined  the 
procession  as  it  marched  up  Court  street  to  Monument 
Park.  The  complete  procession  was  composed  as 
follows  : 

(hand  Marshal,  Major  James  S.  Yard,  and  Marshal's 
aids. 

Provisional  Brigade,  X.  G.  X.  J.,  Bt.  Major-General 
William  J.  Sewell,  commanding,  and  Brigade  Staff. 

Fourth  Regiment,  X.  G.  N.  J.,  Colonel  Dudley  S. 
Steele,  commanding,  Field  and  Staff. 

First  Regiment,  X.  G.  N.  J.,  Colonel  Edward  A. 
Campbell,  commanding,  Field  and  Staff. 

Seventh  Regiment,  N.  G.  N.  J.,  Colonel  Richard  A. 
Donnelly,  commanding,  Field  and  Staff. 

(ratling  Gun  Company  15,  Captain  Robert  R.  Ecken- 
dorf  commanding.     Two  gnus  drawn  by  horses. 

Third  Regiment,  X.  G.  X.  J.,  Colonel  Elihu  H.  Ropes, 
commanding,  Field  and  Staff. 

THE    COMMITTEE    OF   ARRANGEMENTS, 

The  Monument  Association,  The  Monument  Com1 
mission,  The  Senators  and  Representatives  and  .Repre- 
sentatives-elect of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States, 
Tin  Society  of  the  Cincinnati,  The  Grand  Lodge  of  Free 
Masons. 

Hon.  Leon  Abbett,  Governor  of  New  Jersey,  and 
( rovernor's  staff. 

Major-General  Gershom  Mott,  Commandant  of  the 
National  Guard  of  New  Jersey,  an  1  Staff,  and  Division 
Statf. 


328  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Bt.   Major-General   Joseph   W.    Phime,  Commandant 
Second  Brigade,  N.  G.  N.  J.,  and  Brigade  Staff. 

Ex-Governors  of  New  Jersey  and  Governors  of  other 
States,  The  Judiciary  of  New  Jersey,  The  State  Officers, 
Members  and  Member-elect  of  the  New  Jersey  Legisla- 
ture, The  Reverend  Clergy,  Other  Distinguished  Gnests, 
The  Board  of  Chosen  Freeholders,  The  Sheriff'  and 
County  Officials,  The  Board  of  Commissioners  of  the 
Town  of  Freehold,  The  Township  Officials  of  other 
Townships,  Knickerbocker  Lodge,  I.  O.  of  0.  F.,  Mata- 
wan,  Washington  Engine  Company,  Matawan,  Other 
Civic  Societies,  Citizens  and  Strangers. 

THE    CEREMONIES. 

As  soon  as  the  procession  reached  Monument  Park, 
the  ceremonies  of  unveiling  were  proceeded  with,  and  an 
invocation  of  the  Divine  blessing  was  offered  by  Right 
Reverend  Bishop  Scarborough. 

Bishop  Scarborough  first  read  a  portion  of  the 
fourth  chapter  of  Joshua,  showing  God's  sanction  of  the 
setting  up  of  memorial  stones. 

At  the  close  of  the  prayer,  President  Morris  formally 
presented  the  monument  to  the  State  of  New  Jersey. 

At  the  conclusion  of  this  address  the  cord  was  drawn 
by  the  President,  releasing  the  drapery  of  the  bronze 
bas-reliefs,  the  military  presented  arms  and  a  cannon  on 
an  adjoining  hill  fired  a  Continental  salute  of  thirteen 
guns. 

ACCEPTANCE    OF    THE    MONUMENT. 

Governor  Abbett,  on  behalf  of  the  State  of  New 
Jerse}r,  accepted  the  monument  in  an  appropriate  speech. 

Upon  the  conclusion  of  his  speech,  Governor  Ab- 
bett introduced  Judge  Joel  Parker,  ex-Governor  of  the 
State  of  New  Jersey,  as  the  orator  of  the  day,  who  made 
an  eloquent  and  patriotic  address. 

When  the  oration  of  Judge  Parker  was  finished,  Rev. 
Mr.  Maddock  pronounced  the  benediction. 

At  the  close  of  the  ceremonies  at  the  monument,  a 
national  salute  of  thirty-eight  guns  was  fired. 

Twenty-five  to  thirty  thousand  people  were  present. 


OCEAN  COUNT?  SOLDIERS  I\  THE  LATE  WAR.  329 

OCEAN  COUNTY   SOLDIERS  IN  THE  LATE  WAR 

OF  THK   KF/BELLION. 


COMPANY    I),   NINTH    NEW   JERSEY    VOLUNTEERS. 


Thomas   W.  Middleton,  Captain,  commissioned  Oct. 

22,  1861  ;  wounded  at  battle  of  .     Resigned  Sept. 

11,  1862. 

Edgar  Kissam,  Captain,  commissioned  Dec,  1862; 
discharged  on  account  of  disability  Feb.  17,  LSI!"). 

Amos  H.  Evans,  Captain,  commissioned  April  22, 
18(5") ;  mustered  out  July  12,  1865. 

George  G.  Irons,  1st  Lieutenant,  commissioned  Oct. 

22,  1861 ;  Resigned  Aug.  27,  1862. 

Charles   Hufty,   1st  Lieutenant,  commissioned  Dec. 

23,  1862  ;  promoted  Captain,  Co.  I,  July  3,  1864. 

Joseph  C.  Bowker,  1st  Lieutenant,  commissioned 
July  3,  1864;  mustered  out  July  12,  1865. 

Andrew  J.  Elberson,  2d  Lieutenant,  commissioned 
Dec.  23,  1862  ;  resigned  May  30,  1863. 

J.  Madison  Drake,  2d  Lieutenant,  commissioned 
June  3,  1863  ;  promoted  1st  Lieutenant,  Co.  K,  April  13, 
1864. 

Edward  H.  Green,  2d  Lieutenant,  commissioned 
Jan.  14,  1865 ;  promoted  1st  Lieutanint,  Co.  C,  June 
22,  1865. 

1ST   SERGEANT.  MUSTERED   OUT. 

Jesse  R.  Hulsart,  Sept,  23,  1861  ;    July  12,  1865. 

SERGEANTS.  MUSTERED    OUT. 

Redin  N.  Penn,    Sept.  23,  1861,  July  12,  1865. 
Job  L.  Cramer,   Sept.  23,  1861  ;  July  12,  1865. 
Thomas  Hazleton,  Sept.  23,  1861 ;  July  12,  1865. 
Nicholas  S.  Champion,  Sept.  23,  1861 ;  July  12,  1865. 

CORTORALS.  MUSTERED   OUT. 

Gilbert  H.  Heyers,  Sept.  23,  1861  ;  July  27,  1865. 
William    H.    Sharp,    November   1,    1861;    July    19, 
1S65. 


330  BISTORT   OF   MONMOUTH    AM'   0(  EAN    COUNTIES. 

I  ORPORALS.  MUSTERED   OUT. 

David  Riley,  Sept.  23,  1861  ;  .Inn.-  23,  1865.     Paroled 
prisoner.  I 

David  C.  Hankins,  Sept.  -2:;.  1861  ;  July  12,  1865. 
Benjamin  A.  Rogers,  Sept.  2M.  lsiil  :  July  12,  ISO"). 
John  Errickson,  Sept  23,  1861  ;  July  12,  1865. 
John  Oakerson,  Febrnary  29,  1864;  July  12,  1865. 
John  Siegel,  August  15,  1862;  June  14,  1865. 
Charles  Sepp,  August  18,  1862  ;  June  14,  1865. 

MUSICIANS.  MUSTERED    OUT. 

Napoleon  B.  Fithian,  Sept,  23,  1861;  July  12,  1865. 
William  B.  Conklin,  Sept.  23,  1861  ;  July  12,  1865. 

WAGONER.  MUSTERED    OUT. 

William  H.  Peck,  Sept.  23,  1861  :  July  25,  1865. 

PRIVATES. 
ENROLLED.  MUSTERED    OUT. 

Charles  Archer,  Sept.  23,  1861  :  July  12.  1865. 
William  Armstrong.  Sept.  9,  '64  :  June  11.  '65. 
( ■•••  rge  Beatty,  February  29,  '64  :  July  12,  '65. 
Knox  Bechler,  August  15,  '62  ;  June  14.  '65. 
William  H.  Beebe,  April  10,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Nicholas  Bohr,  March  24,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Paul  Bowers,  February  24,  '65  ;  July  12,  '<»."». 
Samuel  Brinley,  Frebruary  29,  '64;  July  19,  '65. 
William  Brown,  September  23,  '61;  December  8,  '64. 
William  H.  Bunnell,  October  1,  V>4  :  June  14,  '65. 
Henry  A.  Camburn,  Sept.  23,  'til ;  Dei-ember  7.  '64 
John  Cameron.  March  8,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Charles  P.  Chafer.  September  23,  '61;  -Inly  12.  '<'>">. 
James  Clark,  September  2-'!.  '61  :  August  23,  '•'»•">  :  dis- 
charged from  Ward  Hospital.  Newark. 

Peter  (lark.  March  8,  '64  :  July  12.  '65. 
Henry  Clayhill,  March  K).  '65;  July  12.  '65. 
John  A.  Clayton.  January  2.  '64  ;  July  12.  '65. 
John  M.  Clayton.  September  23,  '61;  July  19,  '»'>."">. 
Isaac  Collins,  March  6,  '65;  July  12.  '65. 
Eugene  A.  Crane.  September  2::.  '61  :  July  12,  '65. 
Robert  Crossley,  May  24.  '64;  February  b>.  '65 


OCEAN  COl  NT'S   SOLDIERS  IN  THE  LATE  WAIt.  331 

ENROLLED.  Ml  8TERED    OUT. 

Samuel  Day,  March  29,  '65  ;  July  L2,  '65. 
Charles  Dennis.  March  6,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
William  Dennis,  Sept.  23,  '61  ;  July  L9,  '65. 
Timothy  Driscoll,  April  3,  '65  ;  July  12,  '65. 
Fuller  15.  Errickson,  March  8,  '65;  July  12.  '65. 
Horace  C.  Errickson,  Sept.  2:!.  'ill  :  Oct.  13.  '64 
Francis  Pagan,  April  6,  '65;  July  12.  '65. 
Emile  Franck,  April  13,  '65;  July  12, '65. 
Charles  Fnclis,  August  20,  '62;  July  13,  '65. 
Hance  H.  Gant,  January  4,  '64;  July  12,  '65. 
Stephen  E.  Gant,  January  4,  '64;  July  12,  '65. 
Charles  H.  Carton,  March  7.  '65:  July  12,  '65. 
Simou  Geimer,  May  3,  '63  ;  July  12,  '65. 
Samuel  Goodfellow,  June  12,  '62;  Juue  14,  '33. 
William  H.  Gregory,  November  1,  '61;  Nov.  4,  '64 
Cornelius  Grover,  March  8,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Samuel  W.  Hankihs,  March  8,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
William  Heider,  April  11.  '65;  July  12/65. 
James  Hulse,  September  23,  '61;  July  12,  '65. 
Samuel  Hulse,  February  23,   lil ;  July  12,  '65. 
Garret  V.  Hyers,  September  23,  'til ;  July  19,  '65. 
Isaac  M.  Inman,  September  23,  '61;  Dec.  8,  '64. 
Oliver  P.  Inman,  February  29,  '64;  July  12,  '65. 
Wallace  Irons,  January  2,  '64;  Juue  5,  '65. 
Noah  E.  Jeffrey,  Sept.  23,  4il ;  December  8,  '34. 
Abram  J.  Johnson,  January  2,  4)4: ;  May  27,  '65. 
Charles  A.  Johnson.  Sept.   23,    lil:  August   31,  '65; 
discharged  from  Ward  Hospital,  Newark. 

Thomas  C.  Joslin,  February  21).  '1)4;  July  12,  '65. 
John  Keller.  September  10,  '61  ;  July  12,  '65. 
August  Kirchner,  March  27.  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Benjamin  F.  Ladow,  April  11,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Charles  M.  Levey.  Sept.  23,  'lil:  Dec.  S,  'lib 
Joseph  Loveless.  September  23.  'lil  :  Sept.  22.  'lib 
Frank  E.  Mailey,  March  (i,  '65  ;  July  12,  '(53. 
James  F.  Matthews,  Feb.  29,  'CI:  June  7,  '('»"). 
William  W.  Martin,  February  29,  '64;  July  12,  '65. 
William  Mcllvaine,  February  24.  '65;  July  12,  '65. 


332  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED.  Ml  8TERED   OUT. 

David  McKelvy,  September  23,  '(54;  July  12,  65. 
John  S.  McKelvy,  February  24,  '64 ;  July  12,  '65. 
John  W.  McKelvy,  February  24,  '64 ;  July  12,  '65. 
James  Neal,  March  2,  '65  ;  July  12,  '65. 
Isaiah  Norcross,  March  2,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Joseph  Oakerson,  September  23,  '61;  July  12,  '65. 
James  Palmer,  September  28,  '(54;  July  12,  '65. 
Samuel  K  Penn,  February  21),  '04  ;  July  12,  •(55. 
James  M.  Pettit,  September  28,  '61 ;  July  12,  '(*)•">. 
Charles  Phillips,  May  31,  '64;  May  27,  '65. 
Charles  P.  Bobinson*  May  31,  '64;  July  12,  '65. 
Charles  YV.  Roll,  February  24,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Edwin  YV.  Savage,  April  10,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Henry    Sleicher,    August    15,   '62;    August    11,    '65; 
discharged  from  Ward  Hospital,  Newark. 

Ezekiel  Shinn,  September  23,  '61 ;  July  12,  V>r>. 
Walker  Simpkins,  April  11,  '65  ;  July  12,  '65. 
James  Simpson,  April  11,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Joseph  M.  Smith,  March  6,  '65;  July  12,  '65. 
Thomas  Spencer,  April  11,  '65 ;  July  12,  '65. 
Frederick  Springer,  February  28,  '65 ;  July  12,  '65. 
David  Terry,  April  11,  '(\o  ;  July  12,  '65. 
Peter  Their,  September  13,  '61  ;  December  7,  '(54. 
Charles  L.  Tilton,  February  29,  '64;  July  12,  '65. 
Ernest  Traudt,  August  15,  '62 ;  August  22,  'i\~). 
Charles  W.  Truax,  September  23,  '61  ;  July  12,  '65. 
William  L.  Truax,  January  4,  '64 ;  July  12,  '65. 
Edgar  Vantilburg,  September  23,  '61  ;  July  19,  '65. 
Jacob  Walter,  September  29,  64;  June  14,  '65. 
Daniel  Westcott,  February  24,  'Ch) ;  July  12,  '65. 
Ivins  Wilbur,  March  8,  '65  ;  July  12,  '(\'y. 
Jesse  M.  Wilkins,  Sept.  23,  '61 ;  December  7,  '64. 
Jacob  Wirtz,  September  29,  '64  ;  June  14,  '(55 
John  Zimmerlin,  September  23,  '(51;  July  12,  '65. 

ENROLLED.  DISCHARGE  1). 

Joseph    AY.    Cranmer,    Corporal,    Sept.    23,    '61  ;     at 
Trenton  Aug.  9,  '(54,  for  wounds  received  in  action. 


OCEAN  COUNTY  BOLDIERS  IN  THE  LATE  w  \K.  333 

ENROLLED.  DISCHARGED. 

John  \Y.  Barclay,  Private,  Nov.  1,  ill  ;  at  Beaufort, 
disability. 

George  Beatty,  priyate,  Sept.  23,  '61  ;  at  Caroline 
City,  X.  C,  disability. 

George  Benner,  Private,  September  30,  '(51 ;  at  New- 
born, N.  C,  disability. 

Ernest  Biehl,  Private,  August  18, '62;  at  De  Camp 
Hospital,  David's  Island,  N.  V.,  September  6,  '65. 

Charles  Brindley,  Private,  September  30,  '61;  at 
Trenton,  October  23,  '(51  ;  disability. 

William  B.  Clayton,  Private,  September  23,  '(51 ;  at 
Beanfort,  June  1,  '63  ;  disability. 

John  Cornelius,  Private,  September  23,  (51 ;  at  An- 
napolis Hospital,  March  3,   (52;  disability. 

Hiram  Craft,  Private,  September  23,  '(51 ;  at  Caroline 
City,  N.  C,  May  23,  '(53  ;  disability. 

Henry  A.  Hartranft,  Private,  October  8,  '61 ;  Novem- 
ber 19,  '62,  to  join  Regular  army. 

William  H.  Hurley,  Private,  September  23,  (51 ;  at 
Hilton  Head,  S.  C,  March  17,  '63  ;  disability. 

Oliver  P.  Inman,  Private,  September  23,  '61 ;  at  St. 
Helena  Island,  S.  C,  March  17,  '63  ;  disability. 

Barzillai  Johnson,  Private,  September  23,  '61  ;  at 
Newbern  Hospital,  May  12,  '63  ;  disability. 

John  Johnson,  Private,  March  9,  '(54;  at  New  York 
April  14,  '65  ;  disability. 

Benjamin  W.  Jones,  Private,   September  23,  '61 ;  at 

Newport.,  N.  C,  June  23,  '62  ;  disability. 

Wesley  B.  Norcross,  Private,  September  23,  '61 ;  at 

Newbern,  May  28,  '63  ;  disability. 

Thomas  S.  Randolph,  Private,  September  23,  '61 ;  at 
Ward  Hospital,  Newark,  September  23,  '63;  disability. 

James  H.  Robinson,  Private,  September  23,  '61 ;  at 
Beaufort  Hospital,  February  9,  '63  ;  disability. 

John  Trautwein,  Private,  September  25,  '61 ;  at 
Ward  Hospital,  Newark,  February  11,  '(53  ;  disability. 

James  Truax,  Private,  September  23,  '61 ;  at  New- 
bern June  23,  '(52;  disability. 


334  HISTOKY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED.  DISCHARGED. 

George  R.  Worth,  Private,  September  23,  '61;  at 
Army  Hospital,  Newark,  September  6,  '62;  wounds 
received  in  action  at  Roanoke  Island. 

Jacob  Yetmy,  Private,  September  23,  '61  ;  at  New- 
port, N.  C,  Barracks,  July  L9,  '62;  disability. 

Matthias  Zipfel,  Private,  August  <*>,  '62  :  at  Newbern, 
June  10,  '(>:>  ;  disability. 

ENROLLED.  TRANSFERRED. 

James  Johnson,  Corporal,  September  "2"),  lil  ;  to  vet- 
eran Reserve  Corps,  January  2,  154;  discharged  there- 
from September  2.*!,  "(54. 

Edwin  Applegate,  Private,  March  8,  '64;  to  Company 
E  ;  discharged  May  3,  '65. 

Francis  E.  Beatty,  Private,  September  23,  <>1 :  to  U. 
S.  Navy  May  3,  '64. 

Charles  Brandt.  Private,  September  23,  '61;  to 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  discharged  September  2-4,  Y>4; 

David  Brawer,  Private,  Feb.  26,  '64  :  to  Company  C. 

William  Bush,  Private,  March  22,  '65  ;  to  Company  C. 

Benjamin  B.  C, unburn,  Private,  September  23, '61  ;  to 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  discharged  September  24,  '(14. 

Charles  P.  Camburn,  Private,  September  23,  V>1 ;  to 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  discharged  September  24,  '(54. 

Francis  E.  Camburn,  Private,  Mar.  7,  '64  ;  to(  lomp'y  ( '. 

William  P.  Carr,  Private,  March  23,  '65  :    to  Co.  F. 

David  S.  Carter,  Private,  March  2*!,  '65;  to  Co.  F. 

John  R.  Chadwick,  Private,  February  29,  '64;  to  TJ. 
S.  Navy;  discharged  October  11,  '64. 

Henry  A.  Clevinger,  Private,  Feb.  22,  '64;  to  Co.  C. 

Henry  Councellor,  Private,  March  21,  '65;  to  Co.  K. 

William  H.  Craft,  Private,  March  23,  '65;  to  Co.  F. 

Joseph  C.  Ellen,  Private,  September  23,  '61  ;  to  Vet- 
eran Reserve  Corps;  discharged  September  23,  '64. 

Daniel  E.  Ely,  Private,  February  25,  '64  ;  to  Co.  C. 

Samuel  B.  Gaston,  Private,  February  (.),  "(54;  to  Vet- 
eran Reserve  Corps;  discharged  September  23,   (>4. 

Henry  Hewitt,  Private,  September  23,  '61;  to  I".  S. 
Navy  ;  discharged  September  4,  '65. 


OCEAN  COUNT!   BOLDIEBS  IN  THE  LATE  WAR. 
ENBOLLED.  TRANSFERRED. 

David    A.  Johnson,    Private,  September   23,  ".1  ;  to 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps ;  discharged  September  23,  64. 
William   F.  Johnson,  Private,  Feb.  26,    64  ;  to  <  o.  (  . 
james  McDonald,  Private,  Feb.  L5, '65 ;  to  Co.  I. 
jame3  F.  McKelvy,  Private,  March  8, '64;  to  Co.  L 
William  H.  Moore,  Private,  Feb.  26,  '64;  to  Co.  C. 
Joseph  Nierman,  Private,  August  L4, '62;  to  (  o.  I\. 
Samnel  V.  Norcross,  Private,  Feb.  20, '64;  to  Co.  C. 
Henn  W.  Nutt,  Private,  Feb.  13, '64;  to  Co.  G. 
\b.am  W.  Osborn,  Private,  Feb.  26,  "64  :  to  Co.  A. 
Benjamin  Osborn,  Private,  Feb.  29,  '64  ;  to  Co.  F. 
John   W.  Perrine,    Private,  September    23,     61;    to 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  discharged  September  23,   64 
Tylee   Remolds,  Private,  February  25,   64;  to  Co.  1. 
George   W.  Rogers,  Corporal,  September  23,   61  ;  to 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps ;  discharged  September  23,  '64. 
Andrew  J.  Steelman,  Private,  Feb.  29,  '64;  to  Co.  E. 
Patrick  Tracy,  Private,  Feb.  26,  '64;  to  Co.  K. 
Ferdinand  Westerman,  Private,  September  13,  til  ;  to 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps;  discharged  September  13,  '64. 
Sydney  Worth,  Private.  Feb.  24,  '64;  to  Co.  C. 
resseL  Bennett,  Sergeant,  September  23, '61 ;  miss- 
in.  in  action  at  Drnry's  Blnff,   Va.,  May  16,  '64  ;  died  in 
Andersonville   prison,  February   25,  '65;    commissioned 
Lieut.  April  13,  '64,  but  died  before  muster. 

Charles  P.  Smith,  Corporal.  September  23,  61 ;  killed 
in  action  before  .Petersburg,  Va.,  August  15,  '64. 

Benjamin  Y.  Gale,  Corporal,  March  1,  '62  ;  died  m 
Andersonville  prison  August  15,  :<i4. 

Benjamin  L.  Homan,  Corporal,   September  23,   bl  ; 
died  in  Andersonville  prison  February  25,  '65. 

Edward  (i.  Ashton,  Private.  September  23,   <il  ;  died 

of  typhoid  fever  at  Carolina  City,  N.  C,  September  15,  63. 

Joseph   Atterson,   September   23,  '61;    wounded   m 

action  at  Roanoke  Island  and  died  in  hospital,  Xewbern, 

May  1, '62.  . 

Michael   Babst,    October    11,    '61;    died    m    Ander- 
sonville prison  August  15,  '('4. 


33(5         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED. 

Ezra  ( 'mumer,  September  2:!.  '61;  died  of  typhoid 
fever.  Newbern,  April  12,  '62. 

Joel  H.  Gant,  January  4.  04  ;  died  in  Anderson- 
ville  prison,  August  22,  'I'd. 

Joel  Hulse,  September  23, '61 ;  wounded  in  action 
at  Deep  Creek,  Va.;  died  in  hospital,  Portsmouth,  Va., 
March  8,  '64. 

Abraham  T.  Johnson,  September  23,  '61;  died  in 
Andersonville  prison,  December  26,   04. 

Jonathan  E.  Johnson,  January  2,  '04;  died  of  di- 
arrhoea, Fortress  Monroe,  August  29,  '64. 

Thomas  P.  Johnson,  March  10.  '04  ;  died  of  fever, 
Fortress  Monroe,  April  7,   04. 

Henry  Lachat,  September  23, '01 ;  killed  in  action 
Newbern,  March  14,  '02. 

Caleb  H.  Mount,  September  23,  '61 ;  died  in  Ander- 
sonville prison,  September  9,  '64. 

Albert  S.  Nutt,  September  23,  '01  ;  killed  in  action 
at  Deep  Creek,  Va.,  March  1,  '64. 

Samuel  Osborn,  September  23,  '01 ;  died  of  consump- 
tion, Newbern,  June  4,  '62. 

Henry  H.  Phillips,  September  23,  4)1  ;  wounded  in 
action  at  Roanoke  Island  and  died  at  Beaufort  Hospital, 
February  14,  '63. 

Herbert  W.  Polhemus,  January  2,  "(54  ;  died  in  Rebel 
prison,  Charleston,  S.  C,  September  23,  '04. 

Alexander  Reed,  September  23,  '01 ;  died  in  Ander- 
sonville prison,  September  9,  '04. 

James  H.  Robinson,  March  9,  '04 ;  wounded  at 
Petersburg,  and  died  from  wounds  August  19,  '04. 

William  H.  Rogers,  January  14,  '(54  ;  died  of  typhoid 
fever,  Kingston,  N.  C,  March  29.  '65. 

Oscar  -J.  Rulay,  September  23,  '01  ;  died  at  Newbern 
Hospital,  July  1(5,  '62. 

Ferdinand  Schilling,  August  2;"),  '(52  ;  died  of  diarrhoea 
City  Point,  Va.,  July  27,  '04. 

John  B.  Steelman,  September  23,  '(51  ;  wounded  at 
Newbern  ;  died  April  12,  "02. 


0<  I   W  CO!  NTY  SOLDIERS  IN  THE  LATE  WAR.  'VM 

ENROLL]  l'. 

.Inliii  .1.  Street,  January  I.  (il  ;  died  in  Andersonville 
prison,  September  1 .  L86 1. 

Elihu  Tindle,  July  17,  '62  ;  died  of  fever,  White  House. 
\.i..  .lane  -21.  V.I 

Martin  CJlrich,  September  L3,  'til  ;  died  of  diarrhoea 
Fortress  Monro.',  October  9,  '(54. 

John  Vantilburg,  September  •">,  til  ;  missing  in  action 
March  7.  '65,  supposed  to  be  dead. 

Recapitulation:     Total  number  of  officers  and  men, 
two   hundred   and  sixteen.     Of  these   twenty-three  men. 
were  discharged,  thirty-six  transferred,  twenty  -nine  died. 

COMPANY  F,  FOURTEENTH  NEW  JERSEY  VOLUNTEERS. 

Ralph  B.  (lowdy,  Captain,  August  20,  '(52  ;  resigned 
September  30,  '63. 

John  C.  Patterson,  Captain,  October  5,  '63;  pro- 
moted Major,  January  2s,  '65,  and  Brevet  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  and  Colonel,  "  for  meritorious  services  during 
the  war,"'  March  13,  '65. 

Vincent  11.  Marsh,  Captain,  January  30,  '65  ;  mustered 
out  June  18,  '65. 

Samuel  C.  Bailey,  1st  Lieutenant,  October  5,  '<*>•> ; 
promoted  Captain,  Company  H,  August  9,  '01,  Vice- 
Captain  S.  H.  Stults  killed  in  action  at  M  mocacy,  Md., 
promoted  Brevet  Major  October  19,  '04,  "for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  field  during  the  campaign 
before  Richmond  and  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,1'  to  date, 
from  October  19,  '64 ;  to  be  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
"for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  before  Petersburg, 
Va.,"  to  date,  from  April  2,  '65. 

Jarvis  Wauser,  1st  Lieutenant,  August  9,  (il  ; 
transferred  to  Company  B. 

Barton  Applegate,  1st  Lieutenant,  January  30,  '65  ; 
mustered  out  June  18,  '65. 

Benjamin  F.  Patterson,  2d  Lieutenant,  October  .~>. 
'63  :  resigned  April  1,    (54. 

Charles  H.  White,  2d  Lieutenant,  December  1,  til  ; 
transferred  to  Company  G,  as  Captain. 


338  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH     \M>   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

William  S.  Couover,  2d  Lieutenant,  January  30,  '<')."); 
mustered  out  June  L8,  '65. 

James  Chaffey,  1st  Sargeant,  Augusi  L5,  '62; 
promoted  Lieutenant,  Company  K. 

William  E.  Lecompte,  1st  Sergeant,  August  15,  '62  ■ 
mustered  out  June  18,  '65. 

Samuel  G.  Hill,  Sergeant,  August  15,  "'>"2:  promoted 
Lieutenant  ( Jompany  A. 

John  Grover,  Jr.,  Sergeant,  August  1"),  "<'»-2  :  mustered 
>ut  September  12,  '65 ;  deliberately  shot  by  the  Rebels 
after  he  was  taken  prisoner  at  Petersburg,  April  -2,  '65, 
necessitating  amputation  of  an  arm. 

SERGEANTS.  MUSTERED   OUT. 

Charles  W.  Fleming,  Aug.  1~>,  V»'2  ;  June  18,  '65. 

Joseph  Hankins,  Aug.  15,  '62  :  June  18,  '65. 

C<  >RPORALS.  MUSTERED   01   I '. 

George  H.  Bryan,  Aug.  15,  '62  :  June  8,  '65. 

Henry  Powell.  Aug.  1~>,  '62;  June  18,  '<!."). 

Alexander  J.  Johnson,  Aug  18,    <J-2  ;  June  18,  '65. 

Joseph  H.  Wright,  Aug.  18,  '62  ;  June  18,  '65. 

Edmund  R.  Chafey,  Aug.  1">,  '62  :  June  18,  '65. 

John  Heron,  Aug.  15,  '62  :  June  18,  '65. 

Solomon  Southard,  Aug.  15,   <i"2  ;  June  18,  '65. 

William  A.  Parker,  Aug.  15,  '62  :  June  18,  '65. 

Roderick  A.  Clark,  Aug.  15, '62;  discharged  at  De 
Camp  Hospital,  David's  Island,  New  York  harbor, 
September  11,  '65. 

COMPANY    H,   TWENTY -NINTH    XI'.W    JERSEY    VOLUNTEERS. 
ENROLLED.  MUSTERED  OUT. 

Albert  S.  Cloke,  Captain.  Sept.  1.  '62;  -June  30,  V>*i. 

( IharlesL.  Kimball,  1st.  Lieut.,  Sept.4,'62  ;  June30,'63. 

AL  Perrine  Gravatt,  2d  Lieut,  Sept.  4, '62  ;June  30, '63. 

Robert  Burns,  1st  Sergt.,  Aug.  27.  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Charles  Lofton,  Sergeant,  Aug.  31,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

TaylorG.  Wainright, Sergt., Aug.  31, '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Benjamin  L.  Lawrence, Sergt.,  Aug.  31,  '62 ;  June30,'63. 

John  W.  Peterson,  Sergt.,  Aug.  27,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Michael  P>.  Zabriskie,Corpl.,Aug.20,'62;  June  30> '63. 


OCEAN  COUNTY  SOLDIERS  l\  THE  LATE  WAR.  339 

Sylvester  Hall,  Corpl.,  A.ug.  27,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Andre*   Steelman,  Corpl.,  A.ug.  24,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
[saac  Worth,  Corpl,  An--.  28,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Christian  Naeglin,  Corpl.,  A.ug.  26,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
George  Zabriskie,  Corpl.,  A.ug.  20,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Levi  Reeves,  Corpl.,  Aug.  26,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Charles  K.  Bunnell,  Corpl.,  Aug.  17,  !62;  June  30,  '63. 
Thomas  B.  Morse,  Musician,Aug.  26,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Asa  Tiltou,  Wagoner,  Aug.  24,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Daniel  Applegate,  Private.  Aug.  28,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
George  Bareford,  Private,  A.ug.  23,  '62 :  June  30,  '63. 
William  Benson,  Private,  Aug.  28,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Ferdinand  Berthond,  Private,  Aug.  29,'62 ;  June30,'63. 
Barzillai  Biship,  Private,  Aug.  25,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Joseph  Biship,  Private,  Sept.  1,  '62  :  June  30,  '63. 
Michael  S.  Biship,  Private,  Aug.  24,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 
Charles  Borden,  Private,  Aug.  17,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
John  Bower,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 
Holmes  Britton,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '62;  June  30,  63. 
John  Branson.  Private,  Aug.  20,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Corporal  Aug.  21  to  Nov.  1,  '62.) 
Henry  Brown,  Private,  Aug.  25,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

James  Brown,  Private,  Aug.  28,  '62;  June  .'50,    03. 

Jesse  Brown,  Private,  Aug.  26,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Samuel  Burk,  Private,  Aug.  28,  '62  June  30,  '63. 

Francis  E.  Camburn,  Private,  Sept.  1,'62;  June  30/63. 

Corlis  Clayton,  Private,  Sept.  3,  '62;  June  30,  63. 

Lewis  L.  Conk,  Private,  Aug.  23,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

Charles  B.  Cook,  Private.  Sept,  1,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Samuel  B.  Corlis,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '62 ;  June  30,  '63. 

William  J.  Corlis,  Private,  Aug.  30,  "62 ;  June  30,  '63. 

Duncan  Cox,  Private,  Aug.  26,  '62;   June  30,  '63. 

Samuel  B.  Cranmer,  Private,  Aug.  30, '62 ;  June  30,  '63. 

Samuel  S.  Cranmer,  Private,  Sept.  2,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

William  Dennis,  Private,  Aug.  29,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Ebenezer  De  Witt,  Private,  Aug.  28,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

John  Dougherty,  Private,  Sept.  1,  '62 ;  June  30,  '63. 

Abial  Emley,  Private,  Aug.  24,  '62  ;  June  30,  "113. 

Joseph  H.  Gibeson  Private,  Aug.  30, '62;  June  30,  '63. 


340  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Charles  Gouldy,  Private,  Aug.  '2-"),  "02;  June  30,  '63. 

Asher  (Irani,  Private,  Sept.  1,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Thomas  P.  Henley,  Private,  Aug.  27,  '62  ;  June  30,'63. 

Edward  Hoffmire,  Private,  Aug.  28,   02  ;  June  30,  '63. 

John  R.  Irons,  Private,  Sept.  3,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

William  H.  Irons,  Private,  Aug.  18,  '62;  June  30,  '6:!. 

August  Johns,  Private,  Aug.  25,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

George  Johnson,  Private,  Sept.  2,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

Joseph  B.  Johnson,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

Peter  Johnson,  Private,  Aug.  30,  "62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

Reuben  Johnson,  Private,  Sept.  1,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

Cornelius  Kelly,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

William  T.  Letts,  Private,  Sept.  2,  '62  ;  June  30,  '6:;. 

William  H.  McKelvy,  Private,  August  30,  '62  : 
June  30,  '63. 

George  Messic,  Private,  Aug.  27,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Allen  Morris,  Private  Aug.  23,  '62;  June  30.  '63. 

Samuel  C.  Morton,  Private,  August  28,  '62  ;  June 
30,  '63. 

Joel  C.  Palmer,  Private,  Aug.  28,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

John  T.  Penn,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '62:  June  30,  '63. 

Samuel  R.  Penn,  Private,  Sept.  1,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Augustus  Pharo,  Private,  Sept.  1,  "62;  June  30,  '63. 

Joel  Reeves,  Private,  Sept.  1,  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Joseph  Ridgwa}-,  Private,  Aug.  26,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

Stephen  Ridgway,  Private,  Aug,  20,  '02;  June  30,  '63. 

Forman  Rogers,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 

Mahlon  Rossell,  Private,  Sept.  1,  '62;  June  MO.  '63. 

James  Soper,  Private,  Aug.  20,  '02;  June  30,  '63. 

Isaiah  Stackhouse,  Private,  Aug.  20.  '62;  June  30,  '63. 

Michael  Stack  house,  Private,  Aug.  27, '62  ;  June  30,  '03. 

Miller  Yannote,  Private,  Aug.  30,  '02  :  June  30.  '63. 

Joseph  E.  Wainright,  Private,  August  27,  '62; 
June  30,  '63. 

Orlando  T.  Wainright,  Private,  August  22,  '62; 
June  30,  '('.::. 

Samuel  WeOO,  Private,  Aug.  27,  '62;  June  30,  '03. 

Abraham  Wilbur,  Private,  Aug.  20,  '62  ;  June  30.  '63. 

Joseph  Yates,  Private,  Aug.  18,  '62  ;  June  30,  '63. 


OCEAN  COUNTS  SOLDIERS  IN  THE  LATE  WAR.  341 

ENROLLED.  DISCHARGED. 

William  V.  Estell,  Wagoner,  Sept.  2, '62;  April  6, 
('>.'!:  disability. 

William  H.  Brown,  Private,  Aug.  26,  '62;  at  Carver's 
Hospital,  Washington,  Jan.  7,  '63;  disability. 

Augustus  V.  Camburn,  Private,  August  28,  '62;  at 
Alexander  Hospital,  February  2,  '63;  disability. 

Ivins  Conk,  Private,  August  18,  '62;  at  Judiciary 
Square  Hospital,  Washington,  January  '27,  '63. 

Ezekiel  C.  Giberson,  August  20,  '62  :  at  Army  Hospi- 
tal, Washington,  April  24,  '63;  disability. 

Benjamin  Clifford,  Private,  Sept.  2,  '62  :  at  Army 
Hospital,  Washington,  May  3,  '63. 

Thomas  Johnson,  Private,  August  27,  '62;  at  Hospi- 
tal, Newark,  February  28,  '63;  disability. 

George  W.  Luker,  Private,  Aug.  23, '62;  at  Army 
Hospital,  Washington,  January  1,  '63  ;  disability. 

Charles  O.  Palmer,  Private,  August  28,  '(52;  at  Army 
Hospital,  Washington,  March  2,  '63  ;  disability. 

Jonathan  H.  Penn,  Private,  September  1,  '62;  at 
Army  Hospital,  Washington,  February  22,  '63;  disability. 

Lorenzo  Yates,  Private,  August  17,  '62;  at  Douglass 
Hospital,  Washington,  January  21,  '63 ;  disability. 

Clayton  Hagerman,  August  28,  '62 ;  died  typhoid 
fever,  Belle  Plains,  Va.,  April  12,  '63. 

Michael  Lauffer,  September  1,  '62 ;  died  typhoid 
fever^Belle  Plains,  Va.,  January  26,  '63. 

Samuel  H.  Osborn,  September  3,  '62  ;  died  typhoid 
fever,  Tenallytown,  November  23,  '62. 

Recapitulation  :  Total  number  of  officers  and  men, 
ninety-nine ;  of  the  men  eleven  were  disharged,  one 
transferred,  and  three  died. 

MUSICIAN.  DISCHARGED. 

John  E.  Southwick,  Aug.  15,  '62  ;  June  28,  '65,  from 
hospital  at  Annapolis. 

privates, 
enrolled.  mustered  out. 

George  J.  Appleby,  Aug.  15,  '62  ;  June  18,  '65. 
Charles  S.  Applegate,  Aug.  15,  '62  ;  June  18,  '65. 


342         BISTORJ    OF   MONMOUTB    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED.  MUSTERED   01  T. 

William  L.  Applegate,  Sept.  9,  '64;  June  Is,  '65. 

Charles  Archer,  Aug.  L5,  '62  ;  June  18,  '65. 

Charles  P.  Bennett,   Aug.  1~>,   (i-J ;    discharged  from 
Frederick  City  Eospital  May  L9,  '<*»•"">. 

John  S.  Bennett,  Aug.  15,  '('>•_!;  June  Is,  '65. 
(Sergeant  Nov.  10,  '63,  to  July  31,  '(54) 

Andrew  Q.  Bowers,  Aug.  15,  V>j>  ;  June  IS,  "(J"). 

Mark  Bozarth,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  Is,  '65. 

Charles  Brindley,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  IS,  '()."). 

John  F.  Brown,  Aug.  15,  '62  :  discharged  Wilmington. 
Del.,  Hospital,  June  24,  '65. 

Gabriel  Chamberlain,  Aug.   2,  '64  ;  discharged  from 
Frederick  Hospital,  May  19,  '65. 

Reuben  Chamberlain,  Aug.  15,  '62  ;  June  is,  '65. 

Eugene  C.  Clayton,  Aug.  15,    id  :  .June  18,  '65. 

William  Clayton,  Aug.  'M\,  '64;  .June  18,  '65. 

John  H.  Cook,  Aug.  15,  "<i'2  ;  June  18,  '65. 

Joseph  Cook,  Sept.  l(i,  '64;  June  18,  '65. 

David  P.  Fielder,  Sept.  7.  '64;  June  18,  '65. 

John  W.  Finch,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  is,  '65. 

Charles  Hall,  Aug.  15,  'li'i  ;  June  IS,  '65. 

Henry  Hankins,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  is,  '65. 

Jacob  Havens,  Aug.  15,  '62  :  June  Is,    (i."). 

George  Henderson,  October  1,   lit  ;  June  IS,    li."). 

James  D.   Herbert,  Sept.    3, '64 ;  discharged  Jarvis 
Hospital,  Baltimore,  June  1-1,  '<>.">. 

John  Hopkins,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  Is,    (Jo. 

Samuel  Hopkins,  August  15,    (d:  August  8,  '<>">. 

Kins    Irons,   August    15,    '62;  discharged    Douglass 
Hospital,  Washington,  August  18,  '65. 

Ellison  Jamison,  August  1"),  '62  ;  June  Is,  '65. 

Anthony  S.  Johnson,  Aug.  15,  '62  ;  June  18,  '65. 

David  C.  Johnson,  Aug.  30,  '64;  June  IS  '65. 
William  Johnson,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  18,  "li."). 

Charles  ( !.  Jountry,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  18,  '65. 

John  Knott,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  Is,  '(J."). 
William  C.  Lake,  August  :!<>,  "C»4  ;    discharged  June 
8,  '65. 


OCEAN  COUNTS   SOLDIERS  IN  THE  LATE  WAR.  343 

ENROLLED.  Ml  8TERED   OUT. 

Robert  Mel )onald,  A.ug.  15.  '62  ;  discharged  Frederick 
City  Hospital,  .May  lit,  '65. 

Washington   McKean,  A.ugus1  L5,  '62;  June  is,  '65. 

William  II.  Miller,  A.ug.  L5,  '62;  June  Is,  '65. 

William  H.  Morris,  A.ug.  1"),  '62;  June  is,  '65. 

Edward  Newman,  Aug.  1.".,  '62;  June  is,  '65. 

Charles  E.  Parker,  A.ug.  2,  '64;  discharged  Satterlee 
Hospital.  West  Philadelphia,  May  1!).  '65. 

William    L.   Parker,    August    15,  '62;  June  18, '65. 

Tabor  C.  Polhemus,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  IS,  '65. 

James  Totter,  Aug.  15,  '62  ;  June  18,  '65. 

Heulings  L.  Prickett,  Sept.  3,  '64  ;  June  is,  '65. 

Gilbert  W.  Reid,  Aug.  29,  '64  ;  June  is,  '65. 

Harrison  Reid,  Aug.  15,  '62  ;  June  18,  '65. 

Cornelius  Rogers,  Aug.  31,  '64;  June  18,  '65. 

.7 esse  Rogers,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  IS,  '65. 

William  Rogers,  Aug.  15,  '62;  June  is,  '65. 

Silas  Southard,  Sept.  1<!,  '64;  June  IS,  '65. 

AValling  Wainright,  Aug.' 15,  '62;  June  IS,  '65. 

James  E.  Wheeden,  September  3,  '64;  discharged 
Douglass  Hospital,  Washington,  June  14,  '65. 

James  White,  August  15, '62;  discharged  Saterlee 
Hospital,  WVst  Philadelphia,  May  V-l  '65. 

William  Williams,  August  15,  '62 ;  mustered  out 
June  18,  '65. 

ENROLLED.  DISCHARGED. 

John  W.  White,  Sergeant,  August  15,  '62;  at  White- 
hall Hospital,  Bristol,  Pa.,  disability,  June  17,   (Jo. 

Walter  B.  Abbott,  Private,  August  15,  '62;  at  Hospital 
York,  Pa.,  disability,  March  21,  '65. 

Alonzo  Applegate,  January  2,  '64;  at  Ward  Hospital, 
Newark,  December  14,  '61;  disability. 

Peter  Daily,  July  23,  '62;  at  Alexandria,  Va.,  August 
26,  '63 ;  disability. 

William  H.  Hall,  September  21,  '61;  at  Newark, 
June  17,  'Go  ;  disability. 

Herbert  Havens,  August  15,  '62  ;  at  Newark,  Decem- 
ber 15,  '64  ;  disability. 


344  HlSToKY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

ENROLLED.  DISCHAEGED. 

Daniel  Hopkins,  August  15,  '62;  at  Newark, February 
7.  '65 ;  disability. 

Archibald  J.  McLane,  September  7,  '(54;  October  2, 
1)4;  rejected  by  Medical  Board. 

Charles  K.  Sherman,  August  15,  '62 ;  at  Newark. 
December  13,  '64 ;  disability. 

Josiah  Smith,  August  15,  "02  ;  October  8,  '63,  by 
sentence  Court  Martial. 

George  E.  Spratford,  August  15,  '62;  Newark,  Octo- 
ber 8,  '63  ;  disability. 

John  Stout,  August  15,  '62;  Newark,  January  24, 
'64 ;  disability. 

ENROLLED.  TRANSFERRED. 

Peter  C.  Applegate,  August  15,  '62  ;  to  Navy.  April 
18,  '64;  discharged  from  Navy  June  3,  '65. 

Anthony  Borden,  February  24,  '64;  same  day  trans- 
ferred to  Company  K,  Second  Regiment ;  discharged 
June  20,  '65,  from  Hospital  Baltimore. 

Andrew  J.  Elberson,  March  28,  '61  ;  to  Navy 
April  18,  '64. 

Joseph  W.  Fleming,  August  15,  '62 ;  to  Navy 
April  18,  '64. 

John  B.  Grover,  August  15,  62;  to  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps,  August  10,  '(54;  Discharged   November  11,  '65. 

John  W.  Grover,  September  16,  '(54;  to  Company  A; 
mustered  out  June  18,  '6~>. 

Lewis  Herbert,  August  15,  '62;  to  Navy,  April  18,  '64. 

Edward  Hilliard,  August  15,  '62;  to  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps,  June  18,  '64;  discharged  July  13,  '65. 

Thomas  C.  Hinkley,  March  28,  (55;  to  Company  K, 
Second  Regiment. 

Charles  R.  Lehman,  August  30,  '64;  to  Company  I; 
mustered  out  June  18,  '65. 

Charles  L.  Pearce,  February  23,  '64  ;  to  Company  K, 
Second  Regiment. 

William  Petty,  August  15,  '62;  to  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps ;  discharged  June  15,  '64;  disability. 


OCEAN  COUNT!   SOLDIERS  IX  THE  LATE  WAR.  345 

ENROLLED.  TRANSFERRED. 

Edward  Prickett,  August  2,  '64;  to  Company  K, 
Second   Etegiment;  mustered  out  .Inly  13,  '65. 

Joshua  L.  Prickett,  April  7,  '65;  to  Company  K. 
Second  Elegiment;  mustered  out  July  11,  '65. 

Levi  S.  Prickett,  April  7,  '65;  to  Company  K, Second 
Regiment  ;  mustered  out  July  11,  '65. 

Levi  Scheek,  July  28,  '62;  to  Co.  15  Nov.  11,  '62. 

Richard  Skirm,  August  15,  '62;  to  Company  F,  First 
Cavalry,  September  16,  '63;  Corporal,  First  Cavalry; 
mustered  out  July  21,  '05. 

Samuel  D.  Vannote,  March  23,  '64;  to  Company  K, 
Second  Regiment;  discharged  July  "is,  '65,  from  Ward 
Hospital,  Newark." 

Henry  C.  Havens,  First  Sergeant,  August  15.  62; 
killed  in  action  at  Monocacy,  July  '.',  '01. 

Lacy  Poinsett,  Corporal,  August  15, '62;  died  July 
12,  01  Frederick  City  Hospital  from  wounds  received  in 
action  at  Monocacy,  July  '.»,  '04. 

John  P.  Truex,  Corporal,  August  15,   '62  ;  died  June 

20,  '64  in  Judiciary  Square  Hospital,  Washington,  from 
wounds  received  m  action  at  Cold  Harbor,  June  1,  Oil. 
Buried   in  Arlington  cemetery. 

George  Britton,  Private,  July  28,  '62  ;  killed  in  action 
at  Cold  Harbor,  Ya.,  June  3,  '01. 

John  S.  Britton,  August  15,  "0)2;  died  in  Danville 
Rebel  prison,  February  28,  '65. 

Charles  Brown,  August  15,  '02  ;  killed  in  action  at 
Cold  Harbor,  Ya.,  June  1,   01. 

Baselah  M.  Brown,  August  15,  '62  ;  killed  in  action 
at  Cedar  Creek,  Ya.,  October  1!>,  '6-1. 

Patrick  Diggen,  August  15,  '02  ;  died  June  10,  '64, 
at  Carver  Hospital.  Washington,  of  wounds  received  in 
action  at  Cold  Harbor. 

Anthony  H.  Garrett,  August  1-1.  "02  ;  died  September 

21,  '04,  at  "Winchester,  Ya.,  of  wounds  received  in  action 
at  Opequan,  Ya..  September  ID,  '64. 

Oliver  C.  Gibersou,  August  15,  '02;  died  of  fever  at 
Fairfax  Seminary,  Ya.,  September  1,  '63. 


346  BISTORl    OF    MONMOUTB     \M>   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Samuel  Grover,  August  L5,  <'»'2  :  died  of  lung  disease 
at  Frederick,  Md.,  November  7,  '62. 

David  Hall,  May  LO,  '64  ;  at  Washington,  May  28,  '65. 

John  Hall,  August  15, '62  ;  died  in  Danville  Rebel 
prison,  October  24,  '64. 

Charles  H.  Haviland,  Augusl  b~>,  '62  ;  died  July  15, 
'64,  at  Frederick,  Md.,  of  wounds  received  in  action  at 
Monocacy,  July  9,  '64. 

Obadiah   Herbert,  August  15, '62 ;  died  September 

11,  '64,  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  of  wounds  received  in  action. 

Charles  Hopkins,  August  15,  i'>'2  ;  died  November  19, 
'C4,  at  Baltimore  Hospital,  of  wounds  received  in  action 
at  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  October  19,  '64. 

David  C.  Horner,  August  15,  '62  ;  killed  in  action  at 
Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  1,  '64. 

James   (i.  Matthews,  August  30,  '64;  died   October 

12,  '<i4,  in  Winchester  Field  Hospital,  of  wounds  received 
in  action  at  Opequan,  Va.,  September  li>.  '64. 

Robert  Maxon,  August  15,  '62;  killed  September  19, 
'1)4,  in  action  at  Opequan,  Va. 

John  Potter,  August  15,  '62;  died  in  Danville  Rebel 
prison,  January  'ill,  '65. 

Samuel  15.  Rose,  August  1.",,  '62  ;  died  at  Frederick, 
Md.,  February  8,  '63. 

Samuel  Seymore,  August  15,  <>*2;  died  in  Richmond 
Rebel  prison,  December  10,  '63. 

Henry  H.  Sherman,  August  15,  '62  ;  died  at  Baltimore 
Hospital,  .In IK'  1,  '65. 

Samuel  Southard,  August  15,  '62;  killed  in  action  at 
Monocacy,  July  '•>,  '64. 

Jonathan  Tice,  August  15,  '62;  died  in  Frederick, 
Md.,   April   -21,  '63. 

George  H.  AVhite,  August  15,  '62  ;  killed  in  action  at 
Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  June  1,  '64. 

Lewis  \Y.  Woodward.  Augusi  L 5,  '62 ;  killed  in  action 
at  Cold    Harbor,  Va.,  June  1,  '64. 

Recapitulation  :  Total  strength  of  company,  one 
hundred  ami  thirty-nine;  of  these,  twelve  were  discharged, 
eighteen  transferred,  two  promoted,  twenty-seven  died. 


OCEAN  COl  NT5  PENSIONERS.  •'!  I  i 

l  \!  I  l  h  >l  \  I  ES  NAVY. 

Thomas  Edwards,  Acting  Lieutenant.  Acting  Mas- 
ter, Oct.  22,  lil;  CJ.  S.  S.  Oneida, '61  "2  '■> :  commanding 
U.  s.  s.  Stockdale,  '64. 

William  Rogers,  Acting  Master,  Aug.  26,  '61,  U.  S.  S. 
Pembina  :  commanding  U.  S.  S.  Mary  Sandford  »i-!.  and 
the  Hetzel  '64  5. 

Jerome  B.  Rogers,  Acting  Master,  Oct.  22,  '61  ;  U.S. 
s.  Restless,  '62,  U.S.  S.  Sebago,  '63  4. 

OCEAN    COUNTY  PENSIONERS. 


The  following  is  a  complete  and  correct  list  of  all 
-  mis  resident  in  this  county  drawing  pensions  in  1863 
from  the  United  States  Government,  with  the  causes  for 
which  such  pension  is  allowed,  and  the  amount  paid  them 
monthly,  as  compiled  from  the  records  of  the  Pension 
Department : 

BAYVILLE. 

(  reorge  R.  Worth,  gunshot  wound  right  arm,  810. 

BARNEGAT. 
Phebe   Ludlow,   widow,    $8  ;  Sarah   Edwards,  widow 
(Navy),  $25  ;  Tunis  Bodine,  survivor  of  1812,  $8. 

BAYHEAD. 

Jane    C.   Van   Doren,    widow,    $8;    Margaret    King, 

widow.  $8  :  Ann  Yoorhees,  widow,  $10. 

DENNETTS  MILLS. 
Charles  T.  Mathews,  disease  of  lungs,  810;  Joseph 
I.  Yoorhees,  amputation  right  arm,  824 ;  Thomas  Clay- 
ton, gunshot  wound  right  arm,  $10  ;  John  B.  Hyers,  dis- 
eased lungs  and  eyes.  $12  ;  Wm.  H.  Conover,  injury  of 
hack,  SI ;  John  H.  Mathews,  disease  of  lungs,  ss  ;  John 
G.  Voorhees,  gunshot  wound  left  shoulder,  -810. 

BRICKSBURG. 

Mary  Estel,  widow  1812,  $8  ;  Daniel  D.  Williams,  dis- 
ease   of  the  lungs.  84;  Lavinia  M.  Carter,  mother.  $8. 


348  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AM)   OCEAN    COUNTIES 

CASSVILLE. 

Ellison   Jamison,  gunshot    wound  in  head,  $2  ;  John 
F.  Brown,  gunshot  wound  in  neck,  etc.,  $10;  Susan  Haga- 
man,  widow,  $16  ;  Lydia  A.  Brown,  mother,  $8. 
collier's  mills. 

Lewis  Southard,  injury  right  side,  $6. 

FORKED    RIVER. 

Samuel  11.  Penn,  typhoid  fever,  etc.,  $6  ;  Ann  Brit- 
ton,  mother,  $8;  Ezekiel  Lewis,  survivor  1812,  $8. 

HORNERSTOWX. 

Charles  H.  Hankins,  wound  right  hand,  si;  John 
Errickson,  wound  right  forearm,  $6  ;  Isaac  Vanhise,  dis- 
ease of  heart,  $3;  Daniel  H.  Hopkins,  $4;  Deborah  Hop- 
kins, widow,  SS;  Mary  Likes,  mother,  $8;  Zachariah  Haw- 
kins, wound  in  left  side,  $4  ;  Win.  A.  Parker,  wound  left 
shoulder  and  jaw,  $8  ;  Margaret  Curtis,  widow,  $3  ;  Henry 
H.  Hawkins,  gunshot  wound  right  foot  and  right  knee,  $6. 

ISLAND    HEIGHTS. 

John  J.  O'Hara,  gunshot  wound  left  shoulder,  $6. 

JACKSONS    MILLS. 

Thomas  L.  Reynolds,  chronic  diarrhoea,  $8 ;  Charles 
H.  Rose,  gunshot  wound  right  forearm,  $4;  Rsbscca 
Burke,  widow,  $8;  Sarah  M.  Cook,  $8  ;  Caleb  Bennett, 
minor  children,  Samuel  Lsming,  guardian,  $12;  Jas.  H. 
Hendrickson,  injury  left  side,  etc.,  $2. 

LAKE  WOOD. 

David  Brower,  gunshot  wound  right  arm,  left  thigh, 
and  sunstroke,  $12  ;  Thomas  Fisher,  gunshot  wound  left 
shoulder,  $4  ;  Holmes  Johnson,  disease  lungs,  $18  :  Peter 
Reynolds.  $15;  John  B.  Estrelle,  measles,  typhoid  fever, 
etc.,  $2  :  Charles  M.  Dix,  sunstroke,  $4  ;  David  Matthews* 
$18;  John  W.  White,  gunshot  wound  left  leg,  -SS  ;  Mary 
Norcross,  widow,  $3;  Mary  Megill,  widow,  1<SL2,  $8; 
James  White,  gunshot  wound  right  leg,  $  >  ;  Eii/a  Sterne, 
mother,  $8  ;  Emeline  Holt,  widow,  $3 ;  Hester  Hager- 
man,  widow,  $8  ;  Eunice  A.  Gordon,  widow,  S21  ;  Henry 


OCEAN  COUNTY  PENSIONERS.  349 

Burd,  gunshot  wound  Left  forearm,  $2;  Sophia  I).  Adam- 
widow,  L812,  $8 ;  James  W.  Grove,  chronic  diarrhoea,  $4. 

MANCHESTER. 

Mary  Gettier,  widow  1812,  $8;  Catharine  S.  Carman, 
widow,  $8 ;  Benj.  T.  Phillips,  chronic  rheumatism,  $24; 
Nimrod  Nicols,  gunshot  wound  right  leg,  $]  ;  David 
Noyes,  gunshot  wound  in  head,  $6. 

M  V  NX  AH  AW  KIN. 

Joseph     Cranmer,  gunshot     wound    forehead,    $12 
Samuel  Curtis,  Navy,  $20;  Thomas  C.  Samson,  injury  to 
right  knee,  $4;  Henry  Allison,  frosted  feet,  $12;  Joseph 
Bishop,  injury  to  abdomen,  $2. 

METEDECONK. 

Abraham  YV.  Osborn,  injury  to  abdomen,  $4 ;  John 
Johnson,  $18;  James  G.  Truax,  disease  stomach,  84;  Wm. 
H.  Hall,  $4  ;  James  M.  Petit,  chills  and  fever  and 
rheumatism,  $4. 

NEW    EGYPT. 

Charlotte  Appleby,  mother,  $8;  John  Vaughn,  gun- 
shot wound  left  hip,  $6  ;  Elizabeth  Johns,  mother,  $8  : 
Charles  Chaiey,  injury  left  side,  $2  ;  William  Berm,  gun- 
shot wound  left  shoulder,  $4  ;  Charles  H.  Thompson,  gun- 
shot wound  left  side  head,  $4  ;  Benj.  P.  Bussom,  effects 
of  typhoid  fever,  $4  ;  George  H.  Horner,  gunshot  wound 
right  arm,  etc.,  $10  ;  George  W.  Dunfee,  injury  right  leg 
and  left  hip,  $4 ;  Franklin  S.  Gaskill,  gunshot  wound 
both  thighs,  $0;  George  Yates,  $18;  Joseph  Keynolds, 
necrosis  right  tibia,  $6  ;  Henry  B.  Wright,  injury  to  ab- 
domen, $4  ;  Joseph  N.  Emley,  $4  ;  William  A.  Wood- 
ward, chronic  diarrhoea,  si 2;  John  Reed,  gunshot  wound 
left  forearm,  $18 ;  John  W.  Eldridge,  chronic  diarrhoea, 
$4  ;  Curtis  Fowler,  gunshot  wound  right  leg,  $8  ;  Hugh 
Dyatt,  gunshot  wound  back,  SS ;  Caroline  B.  Archer, 
widow,  $8  ;  Edith  Brown,  widow,  $8  ;  John  S.  Mallouy. 
neuralgia,  (Navy),  $20  ;  Amy  Fowler,  mother,  $8  ;  Harriet 
Loveland,  widow,  $S;  Eliza  Horner,  mother,  $8  ;  Clemen- 
tine T.  Carter,  mother,  $8  ;  Mary  Hulse,  widow  1812,  $25; 


350  BISTORT   OF   MONMOUTH    A\'l>   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Lydia   Woodward,  mother,  $8 ;  Mary  Webb,  mother,  $8 
Isaac  Sop«r,  minor  children,  $12  ;  Naomi  Cant,  widow, $8  ; 
Sarah    Bell,    mother,    $8;    John    McGrath,   disease    of 
lungs,  $16. 

OSBOBNSVILLE. 
Charles  \V.  Truax,   disease  liver,  etc.,  $4;  John  W. 
J.   Osborn,  disease   lungs,  $4 ;  Mary  Jones,   mother,  $8 ; 
Hance  H.  (lant,  chronic  rheumatism,  $4. 

POINT   PLEASANT. 

Harriet  E.  Jones,  $3  ;  Aaron  Irons,  gunshot  wound 
left  thigh,  etc..  $8  ;  Roderick  A.  Clarke,  $18;  Joseph  W. 
Fleming,  injury  right  ankle,  $6;  Joshua  J.  Pearce, 
chronic  diarrhoea  and  rheumatism,  $8;  John  Stout,  $18  ; 
Charles  Stout,  gunshot  wound  left  thigh,  $2;  Elizabeth 
Folsom,  widow.  $8;  Margaret  Morris,  widow,  $8;  Mary 
Jane  Wilson,  mother,  $8;  Herbert  Havens,  gunshot 
wound  both  thighs  and  left  ankle,  #1<>. 

PROSPERTOWN. 

Christopher  Daly,  gunshot  wound  left  forearm,  $10; 
Lloyd  Appleget,  injury  of  right  eye,  $4. 

SILVERT  >N. 

John  S.   McKelvey,  chronic  diarrhoea,  $6 ;  John  C. 
Irons,  survivor,  1812,  $8  :  Alice  Bunnell,  widow,  $8. 
TO.Ms    RIVER. 

Sarah  -I.  Aiterson,  widow,  $8  ;  Mary  A.pplegate, 
widow.  vS:  Thomas  Johnson,  injury  to  abdomen,  $8; 
Ezekiel  Giberson,  injury  to  abdomen,  $8;  Wm.  H. 
Hurley,  gunshot  wound,  left  shoulder,  $6;  Helena 
Grant,  widow.  $8;  Charles  T.  Hudson,  $4 ;  Garrett  V. 
Hyers,  gunshot  wound  right  shoulder,  $2 ;  Abraham  J. 
Johnson,  injury  to  abdomen,  $8;  George  Walton,  disease 
heart,  $8;  Thomas  W.  Middleton,  $10;  Robert  S.  Wither- 
all  alias  J.  R.  Noicross,  contracted  scar  from  abscess 
right  shoulder,  s-4  ;  Charles  S.  Applegate,  injury  to  ab- 
domen, $4  :  Wm.  H.  Dorsey,  gunshot  wound  right 
shoulder  $8 ;  George  G.  Irons,  rheumatism,  etc.,  sl7  ; 
Wallace  [rons,  disease  lungs.  $8;  George  H.  Bryan,  gun- 


OLD  DOVEB  TOW  NSHIP. 


351 


shot  wound  Left  shoulder,  $10  ;  Barriet  Luker,  mother,  $8; 
Sarah  McKenney,  widow,  $8. 

VAN    IIIsl'.Vll.I.i:. 

Catharine  Johnson,  widow,  *s :  John  Cole,  $24; 
Reuben  Camp,  chronic  diarrhoea  and  varicose  veins  Left 
Leg,  ss. 

WARETOWN. 

Samuel  Ridgway,  gunshot  wound  left  thigh,  $3. 

WEST   CREEK. 

James  Pharo,  heart  disease  $4  ;  Janus  M.  West,  gun- 
shot wound  left  side  of  chest,  $6;  Ensign  Miller,  gunshot 
wound  Left  side  of  head,  $18. 

WHEATLAND. 

Andrew  J.  Steelman,  injury  to  abdomen,  $8. 

WHITING. 

Anna  Perry,  widow.  $8. 

OLD   DOVER   TOWNSHIP. 


Dover  township  at  cue  time  embraced  a  large  pro- 
portion of  the  present  county  of  Ocean,  as  it  extended 
from  Metetecunk  river  on  the  north  to  Oyster  Creek,  be- 
tween Forked  River  and  Waretown  on  the  south,  and 
from  the  ocean  to  the  Burlington  county  line  in  width. 

The  Town  Book  of  old  Dover,  containing  lists  of  of- 
ficers from  1783  down  to  1861,  was  found  among  the 
books  and  papers  of  the  late  Washington  McKean  by  his 
son-in-law.  Charles  W.  Potter.  Since  the  decease  of  the 
last  named  gentleman,  it  is  probable  this  book  will  be 
deposited  in  the  office  of  the  County  Clerk  at  Toms  River. 
The  town  officials  named  in  it  were  officials  representing 
a  large  proportion  of  the  present  county.  In  their  day 
they  were  the  prominent  public  men  of  what  is  now  Ocean 
count v,  and  many  of  their  names  are  herein  recorded. 

The  village  of  Toms  River  was  burned  in  March, 
1782.  The  record  in  the  Town  Book  begins  with  the  first 
town  meeting  after  that  event. 


352  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

The  following  town  meeting  proceedings  are  copied 
from  the  old  Dover  Town  Book  : 

A  list  of  the  town  officers  chosen  at  a  town  meeting 
held  at  Toms  River  on  the  second  Tuesday  of  March,  one 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty  three  (1783),  for  the 
township  of  Dover,  are  as  followeth  : 

Town  Clerk — David  Woodmansee  ;  Chosen  Free- 
holders— Gabriel  Woodmansee,  John  Rogers;  Assessor 
— Gabriel  Woodmansee  ;  Collector — James  Woodmansee; 
Freeholders  to  assist  the  Assessor — Jacob  Applegate, 
John  Jeffrey ;  Freeholders  of  Appeal — Isaac  Potter, 
Moses  Robins,  David  Woodmansee  ;  Surveyors  of  High- 
ways— Abraham  Piatt,  James  Allen;  Overseers  of  the 
Poor — John  Stout,  Jacob  Applegate  ;  Overseers  of  High- 
ways— Francis  Letts,  Jacob  Foster,  Thomas  Vannort  ; 
( \  mstable — John  Woodmansee. 

Town  meetings  were  held  annually  at  the  residence  of 
different  citizens,  and  the  ordinary  public  business,  which 
was  of  course  limited  in  character,  transacted. 

At  the  annual  meeting  held  March  13,  1787,  the  toAvn 
agreed  to  raise  an  assessment  on  the  inhabitants  of  Dover 
for  the  support  of  the  poor  this  year,  the  sum  of  fifty 
pounds  (£50). 

The  following  items  appear  in  later  records  : 

At  the  town  meeting  held  March  11.  1788,  it  was  or- 
dered as  follows  : 

"  The  town  has  agreed  to  pay  the  last  county  money 
that  was  ordered  to  be  raised,  out  of  the  dog  tax  that 
was  raised  for  the  year  1787.  Also  the  money  that  Abra- 
ham Piatt  is  indebted  to  the  town  is  to  pay  the  debts  of 
the  town." 

In  1792  the  following  record  appears : 

"  1792.  Be  it  remembered  that  the  township  of 
Dover  has  entered  into  a  resolve  this  thirteenth  day  of 
March,  1792,  that  all  foreigners  who  shall  come  within 
our  bay  to  oyster  shall  be  entitled  to  pay  to  the  township 
»f  I  )over  for  the  support  of  the  poor,  two  pence  for  every 
bushel  of  oysters  taken  on  board  by  said  vessels.  Also, 
John  Price  and  John  Woodmansee  are  appointed  by  said 


OLD    DOVER    TOWNSHIP.  .'>.~>:i 

town  tn  collect  the  above  duty  for  the  use  of  the  said 
town. 

At  the  same  time,  the  poor  of  the  township  of  Dover 
were  sold  to  the  following  persons,  viz  : 

Abraham   Piatt  took  one  woman  for  £7  17  shillings 

for  one  year. 

John  Johnson  took  one  man  for   £4  lis.  one  year. 

Thomas  Bird  took  one  man  for  £11  17s.  one  year. 

Officers  elected  at  the  annual  March  town  meeting, 
1793  :  Moderator — Benjamin  Lawrence  ;  Clerk — George 
Cook ;  Assessor — Benjamin  Lawrence ;  Collector — George 
Cook  ;  Freeholders — David  Wright,  Gabriel  Woodman- 
see  ;  Corns,  of  Appeal — James  Allen,. John  Kogers,  Gabriel 
Woodmansee  ;  Corns,  of  Highways — John  Price,  William 
Williams;  Overseers  of  Poor — Benjamin  Lawrence,  George 
Cook  ;  Overseers  of  Roads — Paul  Potter,  William  Cham- 
berlain, Timothy  Page,  Bartholomew  Applegate,  Thomas 
Truex :  Constables — John  Richardson,  Job  Leming. 
Judge  of  Election — John  Rogers. 

The  poor  of  the  township  were  sold  as  follows:  Jo- 
seph Piatt  took  one  woman  for  £8  10s.  Timothy  Page 
took  one  man  for  £4  15s.  Elizabeth  Johnson  took  one 
man  for  £1'2  10s." 

At  the  annual  meeting.  March  10,  179-"),  "John  Yet- 
man  was  cleared  from  tax  on  account  of  blindness  of  his 
wife." 

The  following  record  appears  in  the  proceedings  of 
the  town  meeting  held  at  the  house  of  John  Millar.  March 
10,  1798  : 

The  town  poor  were  put  out  for  the}rear  as  follows  : 
"•  ( rilbert  Lane  took  one  man  for  £12  ;  the  town  to  find  him 
clothes,  and  Lane  to  make  and  mend  for  him  and  find  him 
in  tobacco.  John  Worth  took  a  woman  for  £16,  the  town 
to  find  her  clothes  and  Worth  to  find  her  tobacco." 

A  special  town  meeting  was  held  April  3,  1799,  at 
the  house  of  John  Wildes,  when — 

"  It  was  resolved  to  amend  the  law  about  striking  fish. 
so  that  it  shall  be  lawful  to  strike  any  fish  except  sheeps- 
head  until  June  10th,  yearly. 


o-A         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

"  /,',  solvt  d,  That  the  members  of  the  Township  Com- 
mittee be  allowed  one  dollar  per  day  for  services.  Wil- 
liam E.  Imlay  reported  expenditures  for  the  poor  to  the 
amount  of  £36  L2s.  2d.,  and  thai  be  had  in  hand  of  town 
money,  £111  13s.  2d.,  from  which  expenses  deducted  for 
poor  would  leave   £75." 

The  next  year  it  was  resolved  that  "the  next  town 
meeting  be  held  at  the  house  where  "William  E.  Imlay 
now  lives.  Also,  that  the  law  about  striking  tish  be  re- 
pealed in  full."  Constables  in  those  days  were  required  to 
give  bonds  in  the  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Presiding  Officers,  or 
Moderators,  as  they  were  called,  and  Town  Clerks  of 
Dover,  from  1846  to  1861,  when  the  records  in  the  old 
Town  Book  cease  : 

MODERATORS. 

1846,  William  I.  James.  1847  to  1855,  inclusive, 
Aaron  B.  Irons.     1856  to  1861,  inclusive,  Washington  Mc- 

Kean. 

TOWN    CLERKS. 

1846  to  1855,  inclusive.  James  Gulick.  1856 — John 
J.  Irons.  1S.57  8 — Benjamiu  F.  Aurnack.  1859 — David 
J.  Bowers.  1860— Emanuel  H.  Wilkes.  1H61—  Joseph 
Lawrence. 

The  record  of  cattle  marks  and  of  estrays  in  the  old 
Dover  Town  Book  gives  the  names  of  many  old  residents 
not  found  elsewhere  in  the  book,  and  in  some  cases,  the 
parts  of  the  township  Avhere  they  resided. 

NAYESINK. 


The  following  description  of  the  Navesink  lands  was 
written  March  4,  1650,  by  Secretary  Van  Tienhoven,  of 
New  Amsterdam,  and  sent  to  Holland  : 

"In  the  bay  of  the  North  river,  about  two  leagues 
from  Sandy  Hook,  lies  an  inlet  or  small  bay;  on  the 
south  shore  of  said  bay  called  Neyswesiucks.  there  is 
also  right  good  maize  lands  which  have  not  been  culti- 
vated by  the   natives  for  a  long  time.     This  district  is 


NAVESINK.  355 

well  adapted  for  raising  ami  feeding  all  sorts  of  cattle 
and  is  esteemed  by  many  as  not  ill  adapted  for  fisheries ; 

a  good  trade  in  furs  could  also  be  carried  on  there  and 
'tis  likewise  accessible  to  all  large  vessels  coming  from 
sea  which  are  often  obliged  to  lie  to  or  anchor  behind 
Sandy  Hook,  either  in  consequence  of  contrary  winds  or 
from  want  of  a  pilot." 

[Note. — Information  relative  to  taking  up  land  in 
the  form  of  colonies  or  private  bouweries,  X.  V.  Col. 
Hist,  vol.  1,  p.  360.] 

According  to  the  familiar  story  of  Penelope  Stout, 
the  fifst  attempt  to  settle  in  Monmouth  was  about  1648, 
when  Richard  Stout  and  family,  and  live  Dutch  families, 
six  in  all,  settled  where  Middletown  now  is  and  they 
remained  there  about  five  or  six  years  when  they  were 
compelled  to  leave  on  account  of  Indian  troubles. 

In  O'Callaghan's  History  of  New  Netherlands  is  a 
list  of  patents  for  land  granted  by  the  Dutch  between 
1630  and  1664  ;  among  them  is  one  to  Cornelius  Van 
Werckhoven,  granted  November  7,  1651,  for  "  A  Colonie 
at  Nevisinks."  In  a  letter  from  Werckhoven  to  Baron 
Yon  der  Capellen,  in  Albany  Records  vol.  8,  p.  27,  lie  savs 
the  lands  about  Nevisinks  and  Raritan  Kills  had  been 
purchased  for  him  in  1649  and  had  not  been  allotted  to 
him.  Werckhoven  did  not  come  to  this  country  until 
1652.  His  agent  in  purchasing  these  lands  was  Augus- 
tine, or  Augustus  Heermans,  a  prominent  citizen  of  New 
Amsterdam.  As  Heermans  received  directions  in  1649 
from  Werckhoven,  then  in  Utrecht,  Holland,  to  purchase 
the  lands,  the  presumption  is  that  he  had  previously 
visited  the  Navesink  Indians  and  ascertained  from  them 
their  willingness  to  part  with  the  lands  and  on  what 
conditions,  and  also  that  his  object  was  to  establish  "A 
Colonie  at  Navesink."  The  time  of  his  doing  this  must 
have  been  about  the  time  the  Stout  tradition  says  an 
effort  was  made  to  plant  a  colony  at  Middletown. 

.  Heer  Werckhoven  came  over  to  this  country  in  1652. 
His  right  to  the  lands  was  disputed  by  Baron  Hendrick 
Yander  Capellan,   who   alleged  that  lie  had  previously 


356  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

bought  lands  on  south  side  of  the  Raritan  claimed  by 
Werckhoven  and  the  matter  was  referred  to  the  Amster- 
dam Chambers;  their  decision  being  adverse  to  Werck- 
hoven, he  then  directed  his  attention  to  establishing  the 

settlement  of  New  Utrecht  on  Long  Island,  near  Graves- 
end.  The  first  house  put  up  in  New  Utrecht  was  one 
by  Jacob  Swart,  of  Gravesend,  who  tore  down  his  house 
at  the  latter  place  and  removed  it  to  the  new  settlement. 
Augustine  Heermans  had  also  purchased  this  land  for 
Werckhoven,  and  it  is  evident  that  he  must  have  been 
acquainted  at  Gravesend  with  the  settlers,  of  whom,  in 
1657,  Richard  Stout  seems  to  have  been  one  *of  the 
largest  land  owners. 

In  the  "  account  of  a  voyage  to  Navesink"  in  1663, 
given  in  Brodhead's  History  of  New  York  and  White- 
head's East  Jersey,  it  is  alleged  that  an  attempt  to 
purchase  lands  in  Monmouth  of  the  Navesink  Indians  in 
1663  was  made  by  a  party  of  twenty  Englishmen  from 
Gravesend,  L.  I.,  among  whom  it  names  John  Bowne, 
James  Hubbard,  John  Tilton,  Samuel  Speer,  Thomas 
Whitelock,  Sergeant  Richard  Gibbons,  and  Charles 
Morgan.  This  account  indicates  that  the  English  party 
Mere  at  that  time  acquainted  along  the  shores  of  the 
Raritan  Bay  and  around  in  by  the  Highlands. 

It  is  stated  in  Brodhead's  History  of  New  York 
that  in  the  year  1050  an  effort  was  made  to  induce  Baron 
Hendrick  van  de  Capellan  of  Ryssell  and  several  Amster- 
dam merchants  to  form  an  association  for  the  coloniza- 
tion of  Staten  Island  and  its  neighborhood  and  a  ship 
was  fitted  out,  but  the  expedition  proved  a  failure.  But 
an  agent  of  Van  Capellan,  named  Dericklagen,  shortly 
after  purchased  for  him  lands  "on  the  south  side  of  the 
Raritan  river";  one  reason  alleged  for  this  purchase  was 
that  it  would  tend  to  the  better  security  of  a  colony 
planted  on  Staten  Island.  This  was  probably  in  1051. 
During  the  same  year  Augustus  Heermans  purchased 
for  Cornelius  Van  Werckhoven,  an  influential  member  of 
the  provincial  government  of  Utrecht,  a  tract  also  "  on 
the  south  side  of  the  Raritan  opposite  Staten  Island." 


EARLY   NAVIGATORS.  357 

r.AIMA  NAVIGATORS. 


In  speaking  of  early  navigators,  Rev.  John  Howard 
Hinton,  in  the  Hist,  of  the  United  States,  says:  "It  is  a 
circumstance  too  remarkable  to  be  unnoticed,  that 
England,  Spain  and  France  all  derived  their  transatlantic 
possessions  from  the  science  and  energy  of  Italian  navi- 
gators, although  not  a  single  colony  \v;is  ever  planted  in 
the  newly  discovered  continent  by  the  inhabitants  of 
Italy.  Columbus,  a  Genoese,  acquired  for  Spain  a  coloni- 
al dominion  great  enough  to  satisfy  the  most  craving 
ambition  ;  but  reaping  no  personal  advantage  from  his 
labors,  excepting  an  unprofitable  fame,  after  halving  been 
ignominiously  driven  from  the  world  he  had  made  known 
to  Europeans,  he  died  in  poverty  and  disgrace.  Cabot, 
a  Venetian,  sailing  in  the  service  of  England,  conferred 
on  that  nation  a  claim,  the  magnitude  and  importance  of 
which  he  never  lived  to  comprehend.  Verazzani,  a 
Florentine,  explored  America  for  the  benefit  of  France  ; 
but  sailing  hither  a  second  time  for  the  purpose  of 
establishing  a  colony,  he  perished  at  sea." 

One  account  of  Verazzani  states  that  he  landed  at 
some  place  not  named  with  some  of  his  crew  and  was 
seized  by  the  savages  and  killed  and  devoured  in  the 
presence  of  his  companions  on  board,  who  sought  in 
vain  to  give  assistance.  Such  was  the  fate  of  the  navi- 
gator who  gave  us  the  first  notice  of  the  harbor  of  New 
York  and  adjacent  territory. 

In  that  noted  ancient  work,  "  Hakluyt's  Voyages," 
(vol.  3,  p.  7,)  is  a  statement  from  Cabot  as  follows  :  "When 
my  father  left  Venice  to  dwell  in  England  to  follow  the 
trade  of  merchandise,  he  took  me  with  him  to  the  Citie 
of  London,  while  I  was  very  young,  yet  having  neverthe- 
less some  knowledge  of  letters  and  humanitie  and  of 
the  Sphere.  And  when  my  father  died  in  that  time 
when  news  were  brought  of  Don  Christopher  Columbus, 
Genoese,  had  discovered  the  coasts  of  India,  whereof 
was  great  talk  in  all  the  court  of  Hemy  VII,  who  then 
reigned,  insomuch   that  all   men   with  great  admiration 


358         BISTORT   OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

affirmed  it  to  be  a  thing  more  divine  than  human  to  sail 
by  the  West  into  the  East,  where  spires  grow,  by  a  map 
that  never  was  known  before,  by  this  same  and  report, 
there  increased  in  my  heart  a  great  flame  of  desire  to 
attempt  some  notable  thing." 

The  following  extract  is  from  page  6,  vol.  3,  of  same 
work  : 

"  In  the  yere  of  Our  Lord,  14*.)7,  John  Cabot  and  his 
sonne  Sebastian  (with  an  English  fleet  set  out  from 
Bristol),  discovered  that  land  which  no  man  before  this 
time  had  attempted,  on  the  twenty-fourth  of  June,  about 
five  of  the  clock  early  in  the  morning.  This  land  he 
called  Prima  Vista,  that  is  to  say  First  Seen,  because  I 
suppose  it  was  that  part  whereof  they  had  the  first  sight 
from  the  sea.  That  island  which  lieth  out  before  the 
land,  he  called  the  Island  of  St.  John,  upon  which  occa- 
sion, as  I  think,  because  it  was  discovered  upon  tin-  day 
of  St.  John  the  Baptist." 

The  probability  is  that  Cabot  sailed  northwest  a  few 
weeks  until  his  progress  was  arrested  by  floating  icebergs, 
when  he  shaped  his  course  to  the  south west  and  soon 
came  in  sight  of  the  shore,  nani3d  by  him  Prima  Vista, 
and  generally  believed  to  be  some  pari  of  Labrador  or 
New  Foundland.  Thence  he  steered  northward  again  to 
the  sixty-seventh  degree  of  latitude,  where  he  was 
obliged  to  turn  back  by  the  discontent  of  his  crew.  He 
sailed  along  the  coast  in  search  of  an  outlet,  as  far  as  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  when  a  mutiny 
broke  out  in  the  ship's  company,  in  consequence  of  which 
the  further  prosecution  of  the  voyage  was  abandoned. 
Some  accounts  state  that  Cabot  reached  England  with 
several  savages  and  a  valuable  cargo  while  other  writers 
assert  that  he  never  landed.  It  is  certain  he  did  not 
attempt  any  conquest  or  settlement  in  the  countries  he 
discovered.  And  this  is  the  substance  of  Cabot's  dis- 
coveries, on  which  England  based  her  claim. 


PURCHASERS  OF  SHARES  OF  LAND.         359 

PURCHASERS  OF  SHARES  OF  LAM). 


A  list  of  (lie  names  of  the  purchasers  of  Newasink, 
Narumsunk  and  Pootapeek,  who  each  purchased  one 
share  of  land,  except  seven  persons,  who  purchased  from 
two  to  four  shares  each. 

(Note:-  The  names  are  here  arranged  alphabetically 
for  convenience  of  reference  :) 

John  Allen  and  Robert  Taylor,  Christopher  Allmey, 
Job  Allmey,  Stephen  Arnold,  James  Ashton,  Benjamin 
Borden,  Richard  Borden,  John  Bowne,  John  Bowne,  F. 
L.,  James  Bowne,  William  Bmvne,  Gerrard  Bourne, 
Francis  Brindley,  Nicholas  Browne,  Joseph  Bryer, 
Henry  Bull,  Robert  Carr,  George  Chute,  Walter  Clark, 
Thomas  Clifton,  William  Codington,  Joshua  Coggeshall 
(see  Daniel  Gould),  John  Coggshall,  Edward  Cole, 
Joseph  Coleman,  John  Cooke,  Nicholas  Davis,  (2)  Thomas 
Dungan,  Peter  Easson,  (Easton),  Roger  Ellis  and  son,  (2) 
Gideon  Freeborn  and  Robert  Hazard,  Zachary  Gant, 
Richard  Gibbons,  William  Gifford,  Daniel  Gould  and 
Joshua  Coggeshall,  Ralph  Gouldsmith,  James  Grover, 
John  Hance,  John  Hanndell,  Thomas  Hart,  Tobias  Han- 
son. Samuel  Holeman,  Jonathan  Holmes,  Obadiah 
Holmes,  John  Horabin,  Robert  Hazard  (see  Gideon 
Freeborn,)  William  James,  John  Jenkins,  Henry  Lippett, 
James  Leonard,  Richard  Lippencott,  (J)  Mark  Lucar, 
Richard  Moor,  George  Mount,  Edward  Pattison,  Thomas 
Potter,  William  Reape,  (2)  Richard  Richardson,  John 
Ruckman,  Win.  Shaberly  (Shackerly?)  William  Shaddock, 
Nathaniel  Silvester,  (2)  Richard  Sissell,  Edward  Smith, 
John  Smith,  Samuel  Spicer,  Benjamin  Speare,  Robert 
Story,  (2)  Richard  Stout,  Edward  Tartt,  Robert  Taylor 
(see  John  Allen,)  John  Tomson,  John  Throckmorton, 
Edward  Thurston,  Nathaniel  Tomkins,  John  Townsend, 
Walter  Wall,  Eliakim  Wardell,  Marmaduke  Ward,  George 
Webb,  Robert  West,  Bartholomew  West,  John  Wilson, 
Thomas  Winterton,  John  Wood,  Emanuel  Woolley, 
Thomas  Whitlock. 


300  HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

TOWNSHIPERS. 


The  uames  of  such  as  are  entered  as  township  men : 
John  Bird,  Bashan,  Thomas  Cox,  Daniel  Estill, 
James  Grover,  Jr.,  William  Goulding,  John  Hall,  Randall 
Huet,  Sr.,  Randall  Huet,  Jr.,  Barth  (?)  Lippencott,  Ed- 
mund Laphetres,  William  Lawrence,  William  Layten, 
Francis  Masters,  Henry  Perey,  Anthony  (?)  Page,  Richard 
Sadler,  William  Shearman,  Samuel  Spicer,  John  Stout, 
Job  Throckmorton. 

The  settlement  with  William  Reape,  James  Grover, 
John  Tilton  and  others  in  July,  1670,  gives  the  names  only 
of  those  who  were  considered  first  purchasers  ;  it  does  not 
include  the  names  of  all  who  had  settled  in  the  county 
at  that  date.  In  the  office  of  the  Proprietors  of  East  Jer- 
sey, at  Perth  Amboy,  is  a  list  of  persons  who  took  the 
oath  of  allegiance  in  1608  ;  this  list  is  also  given  in  the 
first  volume  of  New  Jersey  Archives.  And  this  doss  not 
give  the  names  of  all  settlers,  as  all  would  not  subscribe 
to  the  oath  presented  by  the  Proprietors  ;  aud  only  two 
are  named  at  Middletown.  But  it  contains  some  names 
not  found  in  the  settlements  above  named.  The  list  is  as 
follows  : 

THE   OATH   OF   ALLEGIANCE 


TAKEN  BY  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  NAVESINK,  1668. 

"  Christopher  Allmy,  Peter  Parker,  George  Chute, 
Nicholas  Brown,  Edward  Patterson,  George  Hulett,  Jo- 
seph Parker,  Lewis  Mattox,  Jacob  Cole,  Gabriel  Kirk. 
Joseph  Huit,  John  Slocum,  Samuel  Shaddock,  Thomas 
Wright,  Thomas  Wanrite,  John  Havens,  Bash  Shaingun- 
gue,  Edmund  La  Fetra,  John  Hall,  Robert  West,  Sr., 
Robert  West,  Jr.,  Abraham  Brown,  William  Newman, 
Francis  Masters. 

The  Names  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Middletown  upon 
Navesink  that  doe  subscribe  to  the  oath  of  allegiance  to 


B1BST    PUECHASEESj  361 

tlif  King  and  fidelity  to  the  Lords  Proprietors.     And  \\i>- 

oath  is  this,  that  you  and  any  of  you  will  hare,  &c. 

Jam ks  Geovee, 
.John  Bowne." 
In  the  list  as  copied  in  New  Jersey  Archives,  the 
name  of  Thomas  Wainwright  is  erroneously  given  as 
Thomas  Wansick  ;  tlie  copy  at  Perth  Amboy  has  it 
Thomas  Wanrite,  which  was  meant  for  Thomas  Wain- 
right,  who  was  a  settler  at  the  time. 

FIRST  PURCHASERS. 


The  following  persons  named  among  first  pur- 
chasers, did  not  settle  in  Monmouth,  though  members  of 
the  families  of  most  of  them  came  here  : 

Job  Almy,  Richard  Borden,  Samuel  Borden,  Gerrard 
Bourne,  John  Bowne  of  Flushing,  L.  I.,  Francis  Brinley, 
Joseph  Bryer,  Henry  Bull,  Walter  Clarke,  Thomas  Clif- 
ton, William  Codington,  Joshua  Coggeshall,  John  Cooke, 
Nicholas  Davis,  Thomas  Dungan,  Peter  Easton  (or 
Esson),  Gideon  Freeborne,  Zachary  Gauntt,  William 
Gifford,  Daniel  Gould,  Ralph  Gouldsmith,  Thomas  Hart, 
Samuel  Holeman,  Obadiah  Holmes,  John  Horndell,  Wil- 
liam James,  John  Jenkins,  James  Leonard,  Mark  Lucar, 
Thomas  Moor,  William  Shaekerly,  Benjamin  Speare, 
Nathaniel  Silvester,  Robert  Story,  John  Tilton,  Nathaniel 
Tomkins,  Edward  Thurston,  Marmaduke  Ward,  George 
Webb,  Edward  Wharton. 

William  Goulding,  one  of  the  patentees,  remained  at 
Gravesend  until  1693,  when  he  sold  out  there  and  it  is 
supposed  that  then  in  his  old  age  he  came  to  Monmouth 
to  live  with  relatives. 

William  Reape,  another  patentee,  died  in  1670 ;  his 
widow  and  children  settled  in  Monmouth. 

SETTLERS  OF  MIDDLETOWN. 


The  Town  Book  of  Old  Middletown,  in  its  first  entry 
dated  December  30,  1667,  shows  that  the   home  lots  laid 


362         HISTOBT   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES 

out  in  Middletown  were  thirty-six  in  number  and  in  order 
from  one  to  thirty-six  and  allotted  as  follows: 

John  Ruckman,  Edward  Tartte,  John  Wilson,  Walter 
Wall,  John  Smith,  Richard  Stout,  Richard  Gibbons, 
Thomas  Cox,  Jonathan  Holmes,  George  Mount.  William 
Cheeseman,  Anthony  Page,  Samuel  Holeman,  William 
Laiton,  William  Compton,  James  Grover,  Steven  Arnold, 
Samuel  Spicer,  John  Stout,  Obadiah  Holmes,  Benjamin 
Denell,  Job  Throckmorton.  James  Ashton,  John  Throck- 
morton, William  Goulding,  William  Reape,  Edward 
Smith,  John  Bowne.,  Benjamin  Burden,  Samuel  Spicer, 
William  Lawrence,  Daniel  Estall,  Robert  Jones.  Thomas 
Whitlock,  Richard  Sadler,  James  Grover. 

Out-lots  were  also  surveyed,  numbered  and  granted 
to  the  settlers,  and  the  lot  given  bo  each  one  entered  in 
the  Town  Book. 

The  lots  at  Portland  Point,  at  or  near  Highlands, 
were  awarded  in  regular  order  as  follows  : 

John  Horaben,  James  Bowne,  Richard  Richardson. 
Randall  Huet,  Sr.,  Henry  Percy,  John  Bird,  Randall 
Huet.  Ji'.,  William  Bowne,  William  Shackerlv. 

RECORD  OF  CATTLE  MARKS  AND  ESTRAYS. 


The  record  of  cattle  marks  and  of  estrays  in  the  old 
Dover  Town  Book  gives  the  names  of  many  old  residents 
not  found  elsewhere  in  the  book,  and  in  some  cases  the 
parts  of  the  township  where  they  resided. 

The  cattle  marks  of  the  following  persons  were 
recorded  : 

Francis  Letts,  1783,  Gabriel  Woodmansee,  1783, 
John  Grant,  1783,  subsequently  transferred  to  James  D. 
Wilbur,  David  Woodman,  1783,  transfered  to  Jesse 
Woodmansee,  17<.»<.»,  Job  Chamberlain,  1873,  Samuel 
Woodmansee,  1783,  Thomas  Woodmansee,  1784,  Jane- 
Bird,  1781,  Elias  Anderson,  1784,  Edward  Wilbur.  1784, 
James  Allen,  1785,  John  Chadwick,  1785,  subsequently 
taken  by  William  Chadwick,  Abiel  Akins,  1785,  David 
Tmlay.    1785,   William    Johnson,    1787,    Daniel    Johnson, 


RECORD  01    I   HTLE  MARKS  AND*  ESTRAYB.  363 

L788,  Edward  Flin,  1788,  Patterson  Worth,  1788,  Aim,, 
Chamberlain,  1788,  William  Wilbour,  1788,  James  Irons, 
1788,  George  Cook,  L788,  Levi  Piatt,  1788,  John  Wil- 
bour, L789,  Job  .  Patten,  17-.'  i  1796?),  Benjamin  Guy- 
berson,  1789,  Thomas  Bird,  1789,  William  Woolley,  1790, 
Nathaniel  Dickenson,  1790,  John  Millar,  1790,  Enoch 
Potter,  1791,  James  Chamberlain,  17'.»7.  Abraham  Piatt, 
1791,  John  Delong,  1795,  Elihu  Chadwick,  1791,  Isaac 
Perce,  1791,  Joshua  Frasee,  1793,  Green  Worth,  1793, 
Peter  Stout,  1793,  John  Irons,1794,  William  Gifford,  1704, 
James  Fitzgerald,  1795,  Joseph  Piatt,  1795,  John  Russell, 
1796,  Joseph  Applegate,  17'.M'>,  Joseph  Richards,  1796, 
William  Applegate,  1796,  John  Piatt,  1790,  William 
Chamberlain,  1790,  John  Worth,  1797,  Daniel  Stout,  1797, 
Jacob  Jeffery,  1798,  Jesse  Jeffery,  1798,  Jacob  Applegate, 
1798,  Benjamin  Lawrence,  18  > ),  taken  by  Edwin  Jackson. 
1822,  GissbertGibeson,  1800,  Joseph  Waers,  1801,  William 
King.  1801,  Samuel  Brindley,  1801,  Zebedee  Collins,  1802, 
John  Havens.  Jr.,  1802,  Warren  Attison,  1803,  William 
Haywood,  1803,  Ambrose  Jones,  1803,  Francis  Jeffery,  1809, 
John  Vannote,  1810,  Joseph  Lawrence,  1810,  Isaac 
Gulick,  1813,  William  Hulse,  1813,  William  I.  Imlay,  1814, 
Jacob  Stout.  1814,  William  B.  Amacks,  1818,  taken  by 
Dillon  Wilbur,  1846,  David  Hilliard,  1819,  Daniel  Rogers, 
1822,  Josiah  Brand,  1823,  Abraham  O.  S.  Havens,  1823, 
Moses  Achor,  1824. 

The  following  persons  recorded  estrays: 
John  Richardson,  1794.  Robert  McElvey,  1791,  Edward 
Wilbur,  Isaiah  Hopkins,  1794,  John  Babcock  1795,  Timothy 
Page,  1795,  Patrick  Rogers,  1795,  John  Piatt,  Jr.,  1796, 
Thomas  Luker,  17'»<;.  Isaac  Rogers,  William  Polhemus, 
17(.»7,  John  Millars.  Toms  River.  Samuel  Havens.  William 
E.  Imlay.  Toms  River.  Jacob  Tilton,  Kettle  Creek,  Mat- 
thew Howel,  John  Rogers.  Bartholomew  Applegate,  near 
Ridgeway's  Mill,  1798,'  Peter  Gulick,  1800,  Enoch  Jones, 
1804,  Peter  Jaquiss,  Toms  River,  Jacob  Applegate,  Jr., 
Abraham  Woolley,  1807,  Margaret  Bird.  1809,  James  T. 
Newell,  John  Pattens,  1813,  John  Wilbur,  Ebenezer  Apple- 
gate,  1813,  Job  Lemmon,  Sr.,  Isl4,  Jesse  Rogers,  1815,  John 


364  HlsiuKV    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Bowker,  Paul  Potter,  John  Cornlin.  L818,  Elizabeth  Piatt. 
1819,  -faint's  Irons,  Kettle  Creek,  John  Letts,  south  side 
Cedar  Creek,  1820,  James  Blake,  Dover  Forge,  Vincent 
Hires,  Joseph  Johnson,  1822,  John  B.  Applegate,  James 
S.  Reynolds,  David  Jones.  Kettle  Creek,  1823,  Henry  Run- 
yon,  ls-24.  ( rarret Irons,  Jr.,  1825,  William  "Williams,  Dover 
Forge,  I.  Stackhouse,  Dover  Furnace,  Jonathan  Lewi-. 
ls"27.  Jess*-  E.  Piatt,  Isaac  Fielder,  John  Branson,  for 
Samuel  G.  Wright,  Dover  Furnace,  1828. 

GEOGRAPHICAL  INDEX 


TO  MANUSCRIPT  COPY  SURVEYS.  OCEAN  COUNTY. 
A 

Applegate's  1  nook,  10;  Applegate's  creek  empties  into 
Manchester  Cove,  87  :  Applegate's  mill,  32  :  Applegate 
Eberner's  old  sawmill  ( 17H1 1  near  Abrm.  Sehenck's, 
on  a  branch  Kettle  creek.  2-1  :  Arney's  Cedar  swamp 
on  Wrangle,  13;  Arney  and  Cleggs'  swamp  i Hurri- 
cane ?  .  17  :  Allison,  Benjamin,  house  Forked  River, 
between  Middle  and  South  Branches  (1770),  26; 
Allison,  Robert,  house,  south  side  Toms  River.  35; 
Aliens  old  sawmill,  33 ;  Allen's  old  gristmill,  33  ; 
Allen,  James,  tavern  (1825),  54;  Allen,  James,  saw- 
mill (1800),  39;  Allen,  James,  gristmill.  39. 
IB 

Berds,  William,  house,  27-52;  Birds,  John,  21  42 :  Bow- 
als.  Garret,  wigwam,  8 ;  Bennet's  Run,  19 ;  Ben's 
Bridge,  31 :  Black's  Brook,  10,  15, 18  ;  Black's  Swamp. 
3;  Borden's  Brook,  8-9 ;  Borden's  Run.  23;  Bare 
Swamp  (Obhonon  9),  11;  Bsar  Park  Island  in  Black 
Swamp,  38;  Beaver  Dam,  Black's  Brook,  15;  Old 
Beaver  Dam,  15;  Bonnell,  Edw.,  Swamp.  17  21  :  Bar- 
tholomew's Branch.  -W 

o 

Cedar  Creek.  Cedai  Creek  that  empties  into  Metete- 
cunk,  11:  Cedar  Bridge  Creek,  near  Metetecunk,  33; 
Calf  Creek  1775:  1801,  28  39;  Cold  Spring,  Cold 
Spring  Run  crosses  road  from  Toms  River  to  Cross- 


GEOGRAPHICAL    INIMA.  .)  >  i 

wicks,  19;  Coward's  Ford,  or  Deer  Ford,  above 
Schenck's  mill,  34;  Cournshannock,  13;  (near  Hui- 
rieane  ?)  Congasee  Branch,  29;  Congasee  Pond,  29 ; 
( labin  ( ireek,  Cabin  Branch,  Cabin  Brook,  211 ;  Cabin 
Brook,  (John  Pierce's),  23;  also  called  Pole  Bridge 
Branch,  16;  also  called  John  Pierce's  Branch,  1(5; 
Cowan's  Branch  of  Ridgway,  (13?),  Crosswicks 
Creek,  New  Egypt:  Cay  Creek,  Oyster  Creek,  6-9; 
Cox  &  Mead's  sawmill,  Oyster  Creek,  24;  Collins' 
Xeb.  27-37  mill,  44  7,55;  Cube  linn,  41-2;  Cum- 
berland Neck  ion  largestmap)  between  Borden'sRun 
and  next  Branch  south;  Cumberland  (Shataquohong) 

8-23  ;  Clayton,  (Ashen,  Swamp,  9. 

ID 

Davenport  Branch,  12  ;  Davenport  Tavern  Branch,  (1750) 
13;  Daniels'  Branch,  Cedar  Creek;  Dr.  Johnsons 
Long  Swamp,  24;  Dr.  Johnson's  Island,  Dillon's 
Island,  (1761)  24-28  ;  Delongs,  41  (42  ?)  ;  Deer  Pond, 
(Davenport  ?)  22. 

xs 

Elisha's  Branch,  Emley's  grist  mill  (1792)  on  Jake's 
Branch,  32;  Eagle  Point,  Toms  River,  27;  Eastwood's 
sawmill,  Cedar  Creek,  '.) ;  (old  sawmill  15)  Elbow 
Brook,  or  Lyells'  sawmill  branch,  16-18  ;  Evering- 
ham  sawmill  (1750),  15-26;  Emley  Sand's  Swamp 
(Black  Creek?),  16. 

Fishing  or  Kettle  Creek,  12-26 ;  French's  Swamp,  near 
Hurricane,  13;  Forked  Branch,  Hurricane;  Forked 
Branch,  Dene's  Mill ;  Forked  Gully,  on  north  branch 
Toms  River,  a  little  above  Dene's  Mill,  35  ;  Factory 
Branch,  Cedar  Creek ;  Fagan,  (Philip,)  house,  8  ; 
Federal  Furnace,  33-7-8;  Folly  Dam  Branch,  34. 

Grassy  Hollow,  on  Toms  River,  35  ;  Goodwater,  Green 
Branch  (Wrangle  ?),  Green  Branch  Kettle  Creek,  33; 
Gauntt's  Branch,  head  Rancocus;  Goodluck  Road. 
(1750),  14,  (17(51),  22;  Grave,  The  21;  Gumbertson, 
Ben.,  sawmill,  37-8;  Gulick's  sawmill,  (Obhonon), 
43  ;  Graudin's  Folly,  19,  (on  Bennett's  Run?) 


366  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

H 

Hurricane  Branch,  Hurricane  Swamp,  Hurricane  Woods, 
25;  Harris  Branch,  Hakamaha,  8;  Half- Way  Daven- 
port, 1(5;  Holmes  &  Robins'  sawmill,  32;  Homer, 
Joshua,  (1762)  sawmill,  (Ridgway's)  24;  Hickory 
Tavern,  37 ;  Hanover  Furnace,  Hulett's  Swamp, 
(Cedar  Creek?)  11;  Hulett,  Robert,  (1748)  dwelling 
Goodluck,  12-16  ;  Hedding,  Marcus,  dam,  (1748)  12  ; 
Holmes,  D.  and  J.,  mill,  (1766),  25;  Daniel  and  John 
p.  27);  On  Sunken  Branch,  probably  near  where  it 
emptied  into  Wrangle  (1792),  32 ;  Howell,  Matthew, 
house,  head  north  branch  Mosquito  Cove  (1795),  34 ; 
Hellen,  Joseph,  field,  now  Van  Nott's,  between  Kettle 
Creek  and  north  branch  Moscheto  Cove  (1796),  35. 
I 

Imlay,  David,  (1799)  grist  mill,  38;  Jake's  Branch,  38 ; 
Irish  Branch  to  Davenport,  37  ;  Irish  Mills  (Elisha 
Lawrence),  18;  Indian  Stage,  22  ;  Indian  Hill  or  Stone 
Hill,  34-6-9;  Island  Swamp,  15-18;  Ivins,  Caleb, 
(1792)  sawmill,  31. 

O" 

Jones,  Christ; >plier,  41 ;    Jack's   Bridge  over   Pampshire, 

Jake's  Branch  (1761),  23;  Jeffries'  Branch  of  Jake's. 

31;  Jeffries'  Bridge,  Joseph   Lawrence's  Swamp,  10; 

Johnson,  Dr.,  Long  Swamp,  14  ;  Johnson,  Dr.,  Island , 

14;  Jacob's  sawmill,  (1700)  22. 
xs: 
Kettle  Creek,  11-19-20;  Kettle  or  Fishing  Creek,  12-26; 

Kettle  Creek,  sawmill  thereon,  11. 

Xj 

Lawn  Swamp,  Toms  River;  Lone  Swamp  or  Wegnae- 
mesee,  9,  10,  24 ;  Dr.  Johnson's  Long  Swamp,  14  ; 
Luker  Daniel's  house,  12  ;  Luker's  Ferry  1 1749)  12- 
18  ;  Luker's  Branch,  Wrangle  22,  Davenport,  17,  22. 
1  1-4  miles  from  Tom's  River,  22;  Luker's  Bridge. 
over  Davenport,  21  ;  Luker,  Thomas,  house  29 ; 
Lyell's  Saw  Mill  Brook  or  Elbow  Branch,  16,  18; 
Longacoming,  25,  above  Schenck's  Mill;  Lawrence 
(Jos.)  Swamp  10. 


GEOGRAPHICAL    IM>i:.\.  367 

3VE 

Mill  Creek  or  Quail  Kim  ;  Mamapaqua  or  Paqua,  L740  9, 
L750)  L5,  L6,  26,  38,  10  ;  Meteteconk  Bridge  i  L761  i  22; 
Mirey  Run,  X.  E.  side  N.  E.  branch  Tom's  River,  11, 
runs  into  about  Irish  Mills  |  Largesl  map  <  )cean  <  !o.  I; 
Maple  Root,  '•»,  1-2,  U;  Magonagasa  Creek  falls  into 
Success.  21;  Millstone  River,  '.•.  L3;  Montgomery 
Bridge  (12?)  over  Davenport,  22 ;  Mill  Bill,  Forked 
River  (1751)  hi,  17;  Moscheto  Cove  (1690)  17.  34; 
Moscheto  Cove,  South  Branch,  L7  ;  Moscheto  Cove, 
Timothy  Willett's  house,  17:  Moscheto  Cove  Creek, 
18;  Morgan  Branch  or  Gully,  23. 
jxr 

Naked  Branch,  Cedar  Creek  ;  New  England  Branch,  27. 

o 

Oblionon,  8-16  ;  Oyster  Creek  or  Cay  Creek,  5.  9  ;  ( >yster 

Creek  or  Forked  River,  8,  9  :  ( )ld  Hokomaha.  8. 

I* 

Paqua;  Pine  Brook,  8,  15  ;  Pumpshear's   Creek,   18,34; 
32,  9,  41 ;  Pumpshear's   Branch,  Moscheto  Cove,  -il 
(.) :  Pumpsheai  's  Swamp.  37 1  South  side  Moscheto,  39  ; 
•  hick's    Bridge   Swamp,  39,  els  this  the  "Pompshire" 
of  Smith's  Hist.  Indian  Treaty?)  ;  Pole  Bridge  Run, 
South   side  Success,  opposite  Pole  Bridge  Run,  12- 
16 ;    Pole    Bridge  Branch    of  Toms  River,  or  John 
Pierce's    Branch,    10;    Pole    Bridge    Branch    head- 
water   of      Rancocus      in      Manchester    (37);     Pas- 
conassa     or     Salter's     Swamp,    10 ;    Potter's     saw- 
mills, (1775)   28;  Potter's   Run,  8  ;  Potter's  Creek; 
Polhemus'  Landing,  (1795;  35  ;  Polhemus'  saw-mill, 
(1800)    39 ;  John  Pierce's  tract,  12  ;  Pierce's  Cabin 
Brook,  23  ;  Pine  Tavern,  37  ;  Phillips'  Road,  (1749  1 3  ; 
Pangburn's  Mill  (1753)  18-29. 
n. 

Ridgeway  or  South  Branch  of  Tom's  River  ;  Randolph 
Branch,  Cedar  Creek,  29  ;  Round  Swam})  or  Mana- 
paqua,  9  ;  Riding  Over  Place,  9-10  ;  Reedy  Island, 
38  :  Reedy  Creek,  near  Kettle  Creek,  probably  Met- 
eteconk  Xeck,  38  ;  Runnells,  James,  house  South  side 


368  BISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Meteteconk;  Ridgway's  saw-mill    17ss   31   28  ;   Ran- 
dolph— Rand  all's  saw-mill,  32. 

a 
South  llun  of  Tom's  River,  below  Sutton's  Cabin,  38  11  ; 
Stone  Figure  (1790)  37 ;  Stone  Hill  or  Indian  Hill, 
34  <>;  South  Branch  Tom's  River,  38;  Success  Mill. 
12  (probably  Edward  Beake'si;  Success  Dwelling 
House,  16  ;  Success  Mill  Brook,  10  ;  Slab  Branch  of 
Toms  River.  (32?);  Slab  Bridge  Run,  South  of 
Toms  River,  32,  38,  40-3  :  Sunken  Branch,  Toms 
River,  of  Wrangle 32  ;  Shamoe,  (Branch of  Ridgway  ;) 
Shataquchong  or  Cumberland  (or  Borden's  Run?; 
Salter's  Swam]>  on  Hurricane,  10 ;  Salter's  Swamp, 
Black's  brook,  19  ;  Sloop  Creek,  10  ;  Starkie's  Cedar 
Swamp,  |  Hurricane,  j  11;  Starkie's  Cellar  11; 
Shreve's  Swamp,  Obhonon,  11  :  Schenck's  Mill 
ilTlili  Toms  River,  23  3D:  Schenck's  house,  23: 
Schonck's  Mill,  Kettle  Creek,  21  ;  Schenck's  saw-mill, 
formerly  Applegate's,  32  ;  Southard's  Neck  on 
Wrangle,  2s. 

T 

Tk-e's  Bridge,  33  :  Tice's  Brook,  33  ;  Tice  Van  Horn's 
Brook ;  Tice's  Landing,  Forks  Toms  River.  12 ; 
Tunes'  Brook  and  Creek  (1799)  38-9;  Tilton's  saw- 
mill, IS. 

XT 

Union  Branch  ;  Union  saw-mill,  32  -38  :  Union  Brook  that 
falls  into  Wrangle,  18  [?]. 

Van  Horn's  Brook.    1752    18  :  Van  Horn's  (Matthew)  Mill 
[1752    IS;  Van  Horn,  old  mill,  [1795]  33;  Van  Horn 
[Tice |    Bridge    and  Branch,    33;    Van  Horn     Mat. 
Bridge  [1760]  22. 

Wrangle  Creek[1750  13:  Webb's  Mill  (1796)  36;  Webb's 
Mill  Branch  :  Wegnaemesee  or  Long  Swamp,  9  : 
White  Oak  Hollow.  South  side  Toms  River  road  to 
(  ..mi.  Mounts,  11 ;  White  Oak  Bottom  :  Wires'  |  Tim- 
othy 17<il  saw-mill  brook,  23  ;  Williams,  John, saw- 
mill   1 7.").")    19. 


I   UtLl    HI  i;\  EY8    IN    OCEAN    mi  \  n.  369 

Yankee  Bridge    Davenporl    22 ;  Xetman,  John,  40. 
Zeb.  Collins,  'J7  :!7. 

EARLY  SURVEYS  IN  OCEAN  COUNTY. 


It  is  evident  that  not  Long  after  Middletown  and 
Shrewsbury  were  settled,  explorations  were  made  in  be- 
half of  the   proprietors  in  what  is    now  Ocean  County, 

particularly  of  laud  along  the  seaboard    and    Barnegat 
Bay.     In  L685,  the  Governor  and  proprietors,  from  their 
»ffice  iu  Loudou,  issued  "Instructions   concerning  setting 
out  of  Laud,"  in  which  they  say  : 

VI.  That  wherever  there  is  a  convenient  plot  of  land 
lying  together  containing  twenty-four  thousand  acres,  as 
we  are  informed  will  more  especially  be  at  Barnegat,  it 
be  divided  and  marked  into  twenty-four  parts,  a  thousand 
acres  to  each  propriety,  and  the  parts  being  made  as  equal 
as  can  be  for  quality  and  situation;  the  first  comers 
pres  -ntly  settling,  are  to  have  tin-  choic  ■  of  the  division, 
and  where  several  stand  equal  iu  that  respect  upon  equal 
terms  and  time  of  settling,  it  be  determined  by  lot.  And 
that  such  properties  as  are  in  the  rights  of  minors  or 
widows,  which  as  by  accident  may  want  proxies,  or  be 
ignorant  of  things  there,  may  not  be  prejudiced,  and  yet 
such  plots  may  not  remain  unsettled,  the  Deputy  Gover- 
nor and  Commissioners  are  allowed  to  let  small  parts  in 
the  chief  places  of  settlement,  upon  the  shares  of  such 
proprietors  at  some  small  fee  per  annum  to  poorfamilies, 
uot  exceeding  fifty  acres  to  a  family  to  secure  the 
quantity."" 

In  old  patents  and  surveys,  all  the  water  from  Little 
! .__  Harbor  to  the  head  of  the  bay  near  Manasquan  was 
called  Barnegat  Bay  and  the  land  adjoining  was  often 
called  Barnegat. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  early  surveys  in  what  is 
nov  Ocean  county.  The  large  tracts  were  for  proprie- 
tarv  rights.     The  smaller    tracts  were  what  were   called 


370  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AM)   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

"headlands."  As  previously  stated,  the  proprietors,  in 
their  grants  and  concessions,  agreed  t<  i  give  fc<  i  actual  set- 
tlers a  certain  number  of  acres  for  each  head  in  the 
family;  to  each  man  120  acres;  to  his  wife  120  acres;  t< 
each  child  90  or  60  acres,  etc.  The  settler  could  take 
this  land  all  in  one  bo  ly  or  part  in  one  place  and  part  in 
another. 

REV.  WILLIAM  MILLS. 


AN    OLD    MONMOUTH    PREACHER    AND    A    HERO   OF   THE    WAR. 

The  following  sketch  of  Mr.  Mills  is  by  Rev.  George 
A.  Raybold,  author  of  Methodism  in  West  Jersey,  whose 
ministrations  in  Ocean  and  Monmouth  counties  some  fifty 
yearsago  ara  favorably  ramemb  jred  by  many  old  citizens. 

•■  Mr.  Mills  was  a  native  of  Monmouth,  of  Quaker 
descent.  The  tire  of  patriotic  feeling  induced  him, 
Quaker  as  he  was,  in  177(3,  to  enter  the  American  army 
in  which  he  became  an  officer.  He  was  taken  prisoner 
by  the  British  and  svas  sent,  after  being  changed  from 
one  vessel  to  another,  to  the  West  Indies.  At  length  he 
was  carried  to  Europe,  from  whence  at  the  close  of  the 
war,  lie  returned  home  and  again  settled  in  New  Jersey. 
About  the  year  1792  the  Methodist  preachers  came  into 
the  region  of  country  where  he  resided.  His  wife  soli- 
cited him  to  hear  them,  but  lie  resisted,  stating  his  belief 
that  he  had  been  so  wicked  his  day  of  grace  was  past. 
By  a  remarkable  dream  he  was  at  length  convinced  that 
there  was  mercy  for  him.  He  then  attended  the  means 
of  grace,  until  as  he  sought  the  Lord  with  all  his  heart, 
he  soon  found  peace.  He  became  a  member  of  the  first 
class  formed  in  the  vicinity  of  Shrewsbury  in  Monmouth. 
Soon  after,  he  began  to  exhort  others  and  was  appointed 
class  leader ;  and  in  the  spring  of  1799  he  was  received 
into  the  traveling  connection.  His  labors  as  an  itiner- 
ant began  on  Milford  circuit,  Delaware,  from  whence  he 
was  sent  to  various  places  and  finally  returned  to  Jersey. 

In  1818  he  was  sent  to  Freehold,  the  place  of  his 
nativity  and  the  first  field  of  his  Christian  efforts.     The 


\    REMABKABLE    [NDIAN.  371 

soldier  who  had  faced  death  at  the  cannon's  mouth  on 
the  laud  and  on  the  sea,  now,  aa  hi*  end  approached,  in 
reality  fwlt  no  fear.     He  had  a  presentiment  of  lus  death 
and   told    his   wife    that    "death    seemed  to    follow   him 
everywhere."     His  zeal  in  religious  matters   increased. 
The    last  time  he  left    home  he  gave    his    wife  sundry 
directions  and   advice  in  case  he  should  die.      He  started 
as  well  as  usual,  and  tilled  all  his  appointments,  pleach- 
ing most  fervently  until   a   short  time  before  his  death. 
On   the   fourth  of  December  he  left  Long  Branch,  met 
class,   and    then   returned    to   Mr.   Lippencott's    at   the 
Branch.     On    Sunday  morning  he    went  into  a  room  in 
Mr.  Lippencott's  to  prepare  for  the  service  in  the  church, 
which  was  to  commence  at  half-past  teu  o'clock.     The 
congregation   was  then  collecting  and  the  family,  think- 
ing he  stayed  too  long  in  the  chamber,  sent  in  to  know 
the   cause  and    found  him   fallen  in  a  fit  of   apoplexy, 
almost  deprived  of  sense.     After  a  time    he   revived  a 
little  and  on  being  asked  if  they  should  send  for  medical 
aid  he   replied  :  "The  Lord  is  the  best  physician."     At 
about  twelve  o'clock  the  stupor  and  other  unfavorable 
symptoms  returned  ;  he  lingered  until  about  six  the  next 
morning  and   then  peacefully  departed  for  a  world  of 
rest. 

In  the  year  1812,  the  year  previous  to  Mr.  Mills 
being  sent  to  preach  in  Freehold  circuit,  the  number  of 
members  embraced  in  the  charge  was  seven  hundred 
and  thirty-six. 


A  REMARKABLE  INDIAN. 


The  following  is  an  additional  well-authenticated 
account  of  that  noted  Indian  character,  Indian  Will, 
originally  furnished  to  the  Shore  Press  : 

They  sleep  together;  their  ancient  halls  molder  away.  Ghosts  are 
seen  there  at  noon  ;  the  valley  is  silent,  and  the  peo^ile  shun  the  place  of 
Lamoi.—  Ossian's  War  oj  ''((rod. 

Long,  long  years  ago,  when  this  section  of  country 

bordering  on  the  Atlantic  ocean  was  one  continuous  wild 


372  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

waste,  with  nothing  save  stinted  pines  and  scrub  oak  to 
greet  the  eye  of  the  unfortunate  wanderer  who  might  be 
traveling  this  way,  there  was  a  kind  of  half  civilized 
Indian,  who  lived  at  Indian  Field,  at  the  head  of  Shark 
River,  and  was  known  to  the  inhabitants  around  as 
Indian  Will.  His  old  cabin  was  a  half  civilized  looking 
affair,  composed  of  mortar,  stone,  logs,  and  hides,  the  lat- 
ter formerly  covering  the  animals  that  were  so  unfortu- 
nate as  to  fall  beneath  the  fatal  point  of  his  index  finger 
— for  legend  has  it  that  Will  was  gifted  with  a  strange 
power  ;  whenever  an  animal  or  fowl  became  the  object  of 
his  desire  all  he  had  to  do  was  to  point  at  it  with*his 
index  finger,  and  the  same  would  fall  dead,  as  if  stricken 
by  a  bullet  or  a  Hint-headed  arroAv. 

According  to  Indian  fashion,  Will  was  a  married 
man  ;  his  squaw  came,  so  it  is  said,  from  the  western 
section  of  New  Jersey,  and  like  himself,  was  from  the 
old  Delaware  tribe  of  Indians,  whose  early  history  is 
enshrined  in  quite  a  halo  of  glory.  Will  was,  despite  his 
half  civilized  life,  a  true  Indian,  possessing  all  the 
stoicism  of  his  race,  and  the  same  indifference  to  the 
taking  of  human  life,  when  jt  in  any  way  conflicted  with 
his  whims.  Hannah,  like  all  Indian  wives,  of  the  two — 
she  and  her  husband — had  the  hardest  time  of  it.  She 
dressed  the  game  and  cleaned  the  fish,  and,  in  fact,  did 
all  the  work  there  was  to  be  done  in  and  around  the 
cabin,  while  her  lord  and  master,  Indian  Will,  was  off  on 
fishing  excursions,  or  in  the  forest  of  stinted  pines,  point- 
ing his  finger  at  a  limping  rabbit,  opossum,  or  quail,  as  it 
chanced  to  be. 

One  day  Indian  Will  was  out  on  a  hunting  expedi- 
tion, and  left  Hannah,  who  was  sick  with  the  measles,  to 
get  along  the  best  she  could  in  the  lone  cabin.  In  a 
little  patch  just  back  of  the  cabin  Will  had  managed  to 
get  up  sufficient  gumption  to  plant  some  beans,  and  at 
the  time  to  which  we  refer  they  were  ripe  and  ready  for 
picking.  As  I  said  just  back,  Hannah  had  the  measles  ; 
her  appetite  was  not  of  that  kind  that  made  what  she 
had  been  eating  heretofore  palatable  ;  she  hardly  knew 


A   REMAEKABLE   INDIAN.  :\7:\ 

what  she  did  want;  she  hankered  after  something,  and  in 
an  unfortunate  moment  her  eyes  rested  on  the  beans ; 
they  were  just  what  she  wanted  ;  so,  without  caring,  or 
at  least  heeding  the  consequences,  she  picked  them  and 
put  them  in  the  iron  pot  in  company  with  a  bit  of 
opossum.  The  fire  was  soon  blazing  on  the  rude  hearth, 
over  which  hung  the  sooty  crane,  from  which  was  pen- 
dant the  iron  pot  containing  the  beans  and  opossum. 
Hannah  ate  heartily  of  the  savory  dish,  and  the  results 
were,  as  far  as  her  feelings  were  concerned,  decidedly  ben- 
eficial, but  as  far  as  her  future  welfare  was  concerned  it 
was  otherwise.  The  legend  saith  nought  of  the  extent  of 
time  Will  was  absent,but,at  all  events, when  he  returned  he 
noticed,  the  first  thing  of  all,  that  some  one  had  been  in 
his  bean  patch  and  annihilated  all  hopes  of  his  anent  the 
anticipated  feast.  Hannah  was  still  under  the  influence 
of  her  pleasant  repast  when  she  was  confronted  by  her 
infuriated  lord. 

"Who,"  he  exclaimed,  "has  eaten  my  beans?" 

Poor  Hannah,  with  a  stoicism  peculiar  to  her  race, 
replied,  "I  did  !" 

"  Then  you  shall  die,"  exclaimed  her  savage  mate  ; 
"  I  will  drown  you  !" 

Poor  Hannah  made  no  reply,  save  a  pantomimic  one, 
which  was  the  embodiment  of  resignation. 

Indian  Will  was  unrelenting.  He  commanded  his 
dusky  spouse  to  direct  her  footsteps  to  the  neighboring 
river,  which  was  in  full  view  of  the  cabin,  and  followed 
with  strident  gait  close  behind  her.  Arriving  at  the 
water's  edge,  he  seized  the  unresisting  offender,  and, 
with  apparent  ease,  plunged  her  head  under  the  element. 
After  holding  her  there  for  a  number  of  minutes  he 
drew  her  head  out,  when  she  gave  a  few  gasps,  indicating 
that  life  was  not  extinct.  Will  again  plunged  her,  as 
before,  and  when  he  again  drew  her  out,  poor  Hannah 
was  dead.  The  place  where  she  was  drowned  is  still 
known  as  Deep  Hole.  Neath  a  gnarled  willow  in  the 
immediate  neighborhood,  he  buried  her,  with  her  feet 
toward  the    West ;  by   her   side    he   placed   a   pone   of 


374         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Indian  bread  and  some  game,  so  that  she  might  have 
something  to  eat  while  on  her  journey  to  the  happy 
hunting  ground.  This  being  done,  the  savage  went 
about  his  business,  perfectly  unconcerned,  but  in  all 
probability  pained  somewhat  to  know  that  in  the  future 
he  would  have  to  be  his  own  servant.  Time  passed  on, 
I  know  not  how  many  weeks  it  was,  when  Hannah's 
brothers  began  to  wonder  why  they  did  not  hear  from 
her,  or  why  she  did  not  pay  them  a  visit,  as  it  had  been 
her  wont  in  times  passed.  Among  themselves-they  got 
to  talking  over  the  matter  one  day,  when  it  was  decided 
among  them  that  the  brother,  who  rejoiced  under  the  un- 
Indian  name  of  Jacob,  should  pay  a  visit  to  Indian  Field 
and  ascertain  how  matters  stood.  Jacob's  journey  was 
on  foot,  so  it  necessarily  took  him  a  number  of  days  to 
accomplish  the  task.  Arriving  at  Will's  cabin,  he  found 
him  just  preparing  some  game  for  the  appeasement  of 
his  gastric  longings. 

Jacob  was  surprised — that  is,  in  the  sense  that  an 
Indian  is  surprised — to  see  the  mate  of  his  sister  in  such 
an  ignoble  occupation,  and  asked  Will  where  Hannah 
was. 

"  I  drowned  her,"  replied  Will,  "  because  she  ate  my 
beans." 

"She  was  my  sister,"  rejoined  Jacob,  "and  it  tails 
on  me  to  avenge  her  death,  so  you  must  prepare  to  die. 
Let  the  struggle  between  us  take  place  by  yon  bank,  so 
that  the  same  water  that  beheld  Hannah's  death  may 
also  witness  thine." 

"Will  Hannah's  brother  permit  me  to  eat,  and  join 
witli  me  in  the  feast,  ere  Ave  embrace  in  the  death 
struggle?" 

"Be  it  so,"  replied  Jacob,  and  both  sat  down  and  ate 
of  the  food,  while  their  respective  faces  betra}red  no 
signs  of  the  ominous  thoughts  that  were  burdening  their 
minds. 

During  the  repast  not  a  word  was  spoken  by  either 
Will  or  Jacob.  The  ceremony  was  eventually  over, 
when  the  two  walked  in  single  file,  Will  leading  the  way. 


A    REM  \KK  VBLE    [NDIAN.  375 

until  they  came  near  to  the  place  still  designated  as  the 
Deep  Mule  ;  here  they  stopped  and  for  ;i  moment  stood 
face  to  face.  Jacob  was  the  first  to  move;  he  rushed 
forward  and  in  an  instant  they  closed  in  on  one  another. 
The  struggle  for  mastery  lasted  for  some  time,  but  at 
last  Will's  foot  came  in  contact  with  a  stubble,  and 
down  he  went,  with  Jacob  at  the  top;  the  latter  then 
pulled  from  his  belt  a  long  keen  knife,  with  which  he 
intended  to  fulfill  his  mission.  Jacob  had  his  victim,  as 
it  were,  pinioned  to  the  ground,  and  at  his  mercy,  but 
being,  as  it  were,  controlled  by  a  spirit  of  magnanimity, 
he  said  : 

"  He  who  brought  Hannah  to  an  untimely  end  can 
now  cast  his  eyes  to  the  West,  and  for  the  last  time  gaze 
on  the  setting  sun." 

Will  availed  himself  of  the  opportunity,  and  when 
doing  so,  Jacob,  thinking  his  victim  secure,  began  fumb- 
ling around  his  belt  for  a  bit  of  Indian  weed,  for  he 
became  possessed  with  an  irresistible  desire  to  exercise 
his  molars,  and  in  an  unguarded  moment  relieved  his  arm 
from  confinement,  and  seizing  a  pine  knot,  dealt  Jacob  a 
powerful  blow  in  the  temple,  and  over  he  toppled,  as 
lifelesss  as  a  defunct  herring. 

Having  escaped  from  his  peril,  Will  arose  from  his 
late  uncomfortable  position,  and  with  a  grunt  of  satisfac- 
tion gazed  on  the  prostrate  form  of  his  would-be  slayer. 
He  did  not  take  the  trouble  to  bury  his  victim,  but  left 
him  where  he  died,  thinking  the  wild  beast  and  buzzard 
could  attend  to  the  case  better  than  he  could. 

A  number  of  days  following  the  last  mentioned  fact 
some  circumstances  led  Indian  Will  to  pass  by  the  spot 
where  it  occurred,  when  from  some  cause  he  fancied  he 
heard  the  bod}*  snore,  so  he  came  to  the  conclusion  that 
Jacob  was  only  enjoying  a  long  sleep,  and  fearing  he 
might  awake  at  any  time  and  give  him  further  trouble, 
jumped  several  times  on  the  bod}*,  and,  finally,  after  sat- 
isfying himself  that  Jacob  was  dead,  indifferently  covered 
it  with  earth  and  leaves  and  passed  on,  and  from  all  in- 
dications thought  no  more  of  it. 


376         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Will  was  ail  Indian,  and  so,  for  that  reason,  remorse 
was  something  that  never  bothered  him.  The  days 
went  by  as  days  before  the  late  tragic  event  had  done. 
He  wandered  through  the  echoing  forests,  and  during 
moonlight  nights  he  indulged  in  his  favorite  pastime  of 
bringing  down  the  opossum  and  coon  by  the  pointing  of 
his  fatal  linger.  When  not  engaged  in  hunting  he  would 
linger  around  the  old  village  inn  or  his  secluded  cabin, 
and  revel  in  imaginary  bliss  by  drinking  the  white  man's 
firewater  whenever  he  could  get  it. 

One  day  he  was  stretched  out  at  full  length,  under 
the  shade  of  a  tree  which  stood  by  his  cabin  ;  he  was  not 
sleeping,  but  evidently  was  taking  his  ease,  when  he  was 
brought  to  a  realization  of  imminent  peril  by  the  appear- 
ance of  Jacob's  three  brothers,  who  from  the  fact  of  his 
not  returning  according  to  promise,  led  them  to  come  in 
search  of  him,  and  also  to  inquire  into  the  matter  that 
was  the  cause  of  his  journey. 

AVill  made  no  effort  to  evade  the  questions  that  were 
addressed  to  him  by  the  three  brothers.  He  told  them 
poor  Hannah  was  dead  ;  that  he  drowned  her  because 
she  ate  his  beans  ;  also  that  Jacob  was  dead  ;  contrary  to 
his  expectations,  in  a  death  struggle  Jacob  was  the 
victim  and  not  he. 

The  three  brothers  heard  the  story,  at  the  conclu- 
sion of  which  they  in  unison  gave  significant  grunts, 
when  one,  who  acted  as  spokesman,  told  Will  his  time 
had  come,  and  that  he  must  make  himself  ready  for 
death. 

With  evident  resignation,  Will  told  his  brother  that 
he  was  willing  to  die  ;  that  life  had  ceased  to  possess  its 
(•harms  ;  but  lie  made  one  request,  that  was  that  they 
procure  a  gallon  of  firewater,  so  that  they  together  might 
have  a  happy  time  before  he  took  his  final  departure  to 
join  his  poor  Hannah  in  fch.3  land  of  thd  Great  Spirit.  The 
brothers  assented  to  Will's  request,  the  firewater  was 
procured,  and  in  the  cabin  of  the  condemned  Will  the 
happy  times  commenced.  The  brothers  were  not  back- 
ward  in   drinking  liberally  of  the  firewater,    and  in  due 


A    REMABKABLE    INDIAN.  377 

course  of  time  were  fully  uuder  its  influence,  and  event- 
ually dropped,  one  after  the  other,  into  a  drunken  slum- 
ber. Will,  in  the  meantime,  though  he  begrudged  the 
brothers  the  whiskey  they  drank,  made  up  his  mind  that 
life  was  dearer  than  it,  and  so  pretended  to  drink  a  great 
deal  mi >rc  than  he  actually  did,  and  from  all  indications 
was  as  drunk  as  they  were  ;  but  when  snoring  on  the  part 
of  the  three  avengers  commenced,  Will  cautiously 
assumed  a  new  role,  and  began  business.  Will  procured 
a  tomahawk,  which  was  near  at  hand,  and  began  the 
work  of  destruction.  The  brother  who  received  the  first 
attention  evidently  did  not  know  who  struck  him,  but  the 
second  one  who  was  the  recipient  of  the  murderous  blow 
was  aroused  to  that  extent  that  he  was  enabled  to  give 
birth  to  several  unearthly  sounds  before  he  resigned  his 
hold  on  life.  The  noise  made  by  the  expiring  Indian 
aroused  the  third  brother,  and  would  have  been  the 
means  of  frustrating  Will's  plan,  had  not  the  latter"s  dog 
dashed  to  the  rescue ;  he  was  a  knowing  canine,  and 
seemingly  comprehended  the  whole  affair,  for  he  seized 
the  awakened  Indian  by  the  throat  and  held  him  in  posi- 
tion until  his  master  came  forward  and  culminated  his 
murderous  plan.  Will  stood  up  in  his  cabin,  and  looking 
upon  the  bloody  work  he  had  accomplished,  stoically 
said  :  "  Poor  Hannah's  gone — four  good  brothers  gone, 
too — all  because  poor  Hannah  ate  my  beans!     Ugh!"" 

Without  much  ado  Will  dragged  the  bodies  of  the 
defunct  Indians  out  of  his  cabin,  and  at  a  spot  a  few  ro  Is 
distant  gave  them  what  he  thought  to  be  a  proper  burial. 
He  then  returned  to  his  cabin  and  resolved  himself  into 
a  committee  of  investigation  to  ascertain  the  quantity  of 
whisky  left  for  his  consumption. 

Following  his  last  achievement  Will  came  to  the 
conclusion  that  poor  Hannah's  relatives  would  give  him 
no  more  trouble.  The  months  rolled  by  and  he  still  con- 
tinued his  life  of  hunting  and  fishing,  but  for  some  reason 
a  kind  of  cloud  seemed  to  hang  over  his  life  ;  perhaps  it 
vas  owing  to  the  fact  that  Will's  love  for  firewater 
increased  and  interfered    with  his  success  in  obtaining 


HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

that  which  enabled  him  to  purchase  the  "  Oh,  be  joyful." 
Near  Indian  Field,  in  Will's  time,  there  stood  an  inn, 
the  like  of  which  were  common  in  those  days,  where 
whiskey  was  unblushingly  sold,  for  every  one  was  privi- 
leged to  become  tipsy  if  he  only  possessed  the  neces- 
sary wherewithal.  At  the  bar  of  this  old  inn.  at  the  time 
to  which  I  have  a  particular  reference,  Indian  Will  had 
•me  an  habitual  hanger-on;  he  neglected  his  former 
occupation  of  hunting  and  fishing,  and  owing  to  this  fact 
was  frequently  without  means  to  purchase  his  favorite 
beverage.  Will  had  already  became  a  debtor  to  the  inn- 
keeper, and  so,  when  he  asked  for  more  Avhiskey  on  trust, 
he  was  flatly  refused  ;  his  only  reply  to  the  innkeepers 
fiat  was  an  habitual  "  Ugh !"  and  with  the  tread  of  of- 
fended dignity  he  strutted  but  of  the  room,  and  directed 
his  course  toward  the  beach. 

"Y\  hether  Will*s  journey  to  the  beach  was  for  the 
purpose  of  philosophical  meditation  is  a  question  that 
has  never  been  fathomed  ;  at  all  events,  to  the  beach  he 
went,  and  with  eyes  directed  toward  the  incoming  wj 
proceeded  to  pace  down  shore,  leaving  his  moccasin 
prints  in  the  shimmering  sand.  Will  had  not  proceeded 
far  in  his  stroll  when  he  discovered,  much  to  his  satisfac- 
tion, a  number  of  pieces  of  shining  metal  half  buried  in 
the  sand.  He  eagerly  stooped  down  and  picked  them 
up.  and.  contrary  to  his  expectations,  they  proved  to  be 
Spanish  dollars.  In  these  dollars  Will  saw  visions  of 
lire-water,  and  pushing  his  search  still  further,  he  was 
rewarded  with  a  handful  of  the  Spanish  coin.  Think- 
ing that  the  quantity  of  money  in  his  possession  was 
sufficient  to  purchase  whiskey  enough  to  satisfy  his  d 
for  days  to  come,  he  withdrew  from  the  beach,  and  with 
a  vig  and   consequential   step   directed  his    course 

toward  the  old  inn. 

\\  ill's  entrance  in  the  barroom  was  a  source  of  sur- 
prise to  those  there   congregated,  who  had  so  recently 
seen    his    departure,  and    their    surprise    was    inciv.  - 
when  he  strutted  up  to  the  bar   and  threw  thereon   his 
handful  of  dollars,  exclaiming  at  the  same  time: 


A    REM  \KKAi;U:    [NDIAN.  379 

■•  Now  will  you  Let  Indian  Will  have  more  whiskey?" 
The  innkeeper  surveyed  with  mingled  greed  and 
astonishment  the  profuse  outpouring  of  thai  which  was 
a  scarcity  in  the  neighborhood  and  before  Will  had  time 
to  again  express  his  desire,  took  down  the  whiskey 
decanter  and  tumbler,  and  told  him  to  help  himself. 
Owing  1"  Will's  recent  impecunious  condition  he  had 
been  without  his  usual  portion  for  an  uncommon  long 
time,  so  the  present  occasion,  so  far  as  the  magnitude  of 
the  potation  was  concerned,  was  an  uncommon  one. 
Owin<*  to  the  transformative  qualities  of  the  whiskey, 
Will's  truculent  demeanor  gave  away  to  one  of  a  more 
affable  nature.  So  the  innkeeper  also  assumed  the 
affable,  and.  after  he  had  safely  stored  away  the  Spanish 
dollars,  persuaded  Will  to  follow  him  into  a  private 
room,  where  he  underwent  a  cryptic  examination.  The 
result  of  the  interview  was  simply  this  :  Indian  Will 
agreed  to  conduct  the  innkeeper  to  the  beach  and  show 
him  where  the  Spanish  dollars  were  found. 

The  innkeeper  did  not  think  it  policy  to  go  immedi- 
ately to  the  beach,  and  so  retained  Will  in  voluntary 
confinement  for  a  while.     One  after  another  left   the  old 
hotel,  until  finally  the  guests   were  all  gone.     At  last  the 
two.  Will    and    the    innkeeper,  started    for    the    beach. 
Arriving  at  the  spot  where  the  coin  was  discovered  they 
began  searching  for  additonal  treasures.     As  the  waves 
receded  the  innkeeper  discovered  a  kind  of  iron  chest, 
half  buried  in   the  sand.     Fortunately  the  tide  was  fall- 
ing,  and  enabled  the    treasure   trove  hunters  to   obtain 
possession   of    the   trunk   without    much  trouble.     T\  ith 
their  united  strength  they  brought  it  high  upon  the  shore, 
and   a  brief  examination   convinced  the  innkeeper  that 
he  had  possession  of  the  treasure  box  from  which  came 
tin-  coin  obtained  by  Indian  Will.     From  the  action  of 
the    elements,  the  box  had  been   unjointed    enough    to 
enable  the  coin  to  escape.     Suffice  to  say  that  the  chest 
was.  as  soon  as  circumstances  would  allow,  taken  to  the 
inn  .which  upon  examination  proved  to  contain  a  princely 
sirm  of  money  in  Spanish  coins. 


380         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

From  the  time  of  the  discovery  of  the  iron  chest, 
the  life  of  the  innkeeper,  or  otherwise  his  mode  of  living-, 
underwent  a  radical  change.  He  soon  relinquished  his 
hostship  of  the  inn  and  built  a  residence  more  to  his 
liking  in  the  immediate  vicinity.  The  fact  of  the  discov- 
ery of  the  treasure  trove  was  in  a  measure  a  secret 
between  the  innkeeper  and  Indian  Will.  Of  course  there 
was  a  great  deal  of  talk  about  the  innkeeper's  sudden 
rise  in  point  of  wealth;  there  were  surmises  in  reference 
to  it,  and  they  frequently  fell  little  short  of  the  mark  ; 
in  fact — 

Twas  long  the  talk  of  the  neighborhood 

The  old  innkeeper  acquired  considerable  real  estate, 
and  this,  when  he  had  done  with  the  things  of  earth, 
passed  to  his  children,  whose  descendants  to  this  day 
still  dwell  along  the  shore,  and  can  thank  the  old  ocean 
and  Indian  Will  for  whatever  wealth  they  possess. 

Indian  Will,  after  the  rind,  ceased  to  live  in  his  old 
cabin,  and  became  a  part  and  parcel  of  the  inn- 
keeper's household ;  his  wants  were  few,  and  were 
ungrudgingly  provided  by  the  innkeeper — the  principal 
wants  being  tobacco  and  tire- water. 

Tradition  has  it  that  Indian  Will  had  two  half  grown 
sons,  who,  like  the  ordinary  urchins  of  our  time,  delight- 
ed in  having  to  do  with  pyrotechnics.  They  got  hold 
of  their  father's  powder  horn  one  day  and  in  some  way 
ignited  its  contents ;  it  Hashed  up  and  horribly  disfigured 
both  of  their  faces.  Like  the  Spartans  of  old,  Indian 
Will  did  not  think  it  to  their  benefit,  or  to  those  perfectly 
formed,  for  the  young  bucks  to  continue  longer  on  the 
face  of  the  earth,  so  he  killed  them  and  buried  them  in 
Indian  Field.  Their  names,  so  it  is  said,  were  Dick  ami 
Dave,  and  their  mounds  are  still  to  !>  j  seen,  as  corrobo- 
rations of  the  tradition. 

Poor  Hannah  and  her  brothers — if  the  stories  of 
the  credulous  are  worthy  of  serious  attention — "did  not 
>l>'ei>  quietly  in  their  graves."  At  intervals  in  the  last 
fifty  years,  local  gossips  have  said  that  during  the  moon- 
lighted   nights     of    autumn — about    that    stage    of    the 


was  cromwell's  brother  \\  earls  settler.      381 

season's  progress  when  the  hue  of  decay  has  enstamped 
itself  on  the  foliage  of  the  forest,  and  the  withered  blades 
of  corn  rustle  in  the  faintest  breezes — they  have  seen  the 
diaphanous  forms  of  the  unfortunates  rise  suddenh  from 
the  earth,  float  gracefully  along  for  a  distance,  and  as 
suddenly  disappear.  There  is  nothing  traditionary  that 
indicates  that  he  who  should  have  been  was  ever 
"haunted.''  According  to  the  most  authentic  versions, 
the  closing  years  of  Will's  life  were  in  harmony  with  his 
plane  of  thinking;  perfectly  happy,  he  lived  to  a  ripe 
old  age,  and  died  some  seventy-five  years  ago,  the  last  of 
his  tribe,  and  was  buried  at  Indian  Field.  Contrary  to 
what  should  have  been  his  just  deserts,  Indian  Will, 
during  the  last  of  his  career,  "lived  in  peace,  died  in 
grease,  and  was  buried  in  a  pot  of  ashes." 

WAS      OLIVER     CROMWELL'S     BROTHER      AN 
EARLY  SETTLER  OF  MONMOUTH? 


A  tradition  handed  down  in  some  branches  of  the 
Crowell  family  in  the  United  States  that  they  descend 
from  the  noted  Cromwell  family  of  England,  and  that  the 
name  was  changed  by  the  first  of  the  family  who  came 
to  America,  for  fear  of  the  persecutions  which  followed 
members  of  the  family  of  the  Protector.  It  seems  evi- 
dent that  some  of  the  ancestors  of  the  Crowell  family 
were  desirous  of  assuming  a  feigned  name,  for  when 
they  landed  in  Massachusetts  they  were  first  known  by 
the  name  of  Crowe,  as  may  be  seen  by  reference  to  Free- 
man's History  of  Cape  Cod  and  other  works,  and  the 
name  of  Crowe  is  found  among  the  first  settlers  of  Wood- 
bridge,  N.  J.,  as  may  be  seen  by  reference  to  Daily's  His- 
tory of  Woodbridge. 

In  the  old  Town  Book  of  Middletown,  pages  31-33 
and  57, an  Edward  Crome  is  named  as  having  bought  land 
in  Middletown  in  1670  and  as  selling  the  same  in 
1(>74.  The  name  of  Crome  is  an  unusual  one  and  diffi- 
cult to  account  for,  and  it  is  probable  that  it  should  have 
been  transcribed  Crowe  ;  and  that  the  person  meant  was 


382  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Edward  Crowe,  whose  name  shortly  after  appears  at 
Wbodbridge,  N.  J.,  with  the  Parkers  and  others  who 
came  from  Massachusetts  to  that  place.  If  this  supposi- 
tion is  correct,  then  it  is  probable  that  this  man  who  was 
among  the  first  settlers  of  Old  Monmouth,  was  the  one 
traditions  allege  to  have  been  a  brother  of  the  noted 
Oliver  Cromwell  of  England. 

Those  familiar  with  English  history  will  remember  a 
tradition  recorded  that  about  1638  several  ships  bound 
for  New  England,  on  board  of  which  were  Oliver  Crom- 
well, who  was  subsequently  Protector,  Pym  Hampden, 
Haselrig  and  other  leading  Puritans,  were  stopped  in  the 
Thames  by  the  King's  orders  and  all  the  passengers  for- 
bid leaving  England.  Some  writers  doubt  the  story,  but 
Paxton  Hood,  in  his  life  of  the  Protector,  says  the  rumor 
seems  to  be  too  extended  to  be  altogether  unfounded. 
He  thinks  these  patriots  were  actually  on  board  the 
ships.  This  tradition  points  to  the  supposition  that  the 
King  did  not  wish  members  of  certain  families  to  leave 
England.  And  here  comes  in  the  reason  why  some  mem- 
bers of  the  Cromwell  family  had  to  assume  some  other 
name  that  they  might  stand  a  chance  to  get  to  New  Eng- 
land. This  difficulty  would  not  occur  with  the  sons  of 
Col.  John  Cromwell  in  Holland,  for  they  could  leave  that 
country  without  trouble  under  their  real  name,  and  this 
will  account  for  the  John  Cromwell  at  Woodbridge,  N.  J., 
who  shortly  removed  to  Westchester  Co.,  N.  Y. 

AN  OLD  IPtlSH  PATENT  OF  NOBILITY. 


We  copy  below  a  curious  document  on  parchment, 
some  ss  years  old.  The  writing  is  very  beautiful,  but  the 
punctuation  and  use  of  capitals,  which  we  have  given, 
exactly,  seem  regardless  of  rules.  It  is  contained  in  a  tin 
ease,  outside  of  which  is  a  little  box  with  lid  ingeniously 
arranged.  This  once  contained  the  seal,  which  was  of 
wax,  and  attached  to  the  patent  by  a  ribbon.  It  is  a 
patent  or  right  to  wear  a  coat-of-arms,  and  is  granted  by 
"  the     King    of   Arms    of    Ireland,"   to  the    one.    Daniel 


\\  OLD  [RISE   PATENT  OF  NOBILITY.  383 

Craney  and  his  decendants  forever.  It  was  found  in  a 
-arret  of  the  Jacob  Brown  estate,  of  Matawan,  by  Mr. 
Cortentus  Wyckoff.  At  the  to})  of  the  parchment, 
beautifully  painted,  are  the  escutcheons,  or  coat-of-arms, 

the  one  to  the  left  is  that  of  the  King  of  Anns,  or  Herald, 
himself;  the  one  to  the  right  shows  the  new  insignia 
granted  to  Craney.  The  one  at  the  left  lias  upon  the 
scroll,  underneath,  the  words,  Arma  Officeri'  Ulsteri.' 
Above  this  is  the  shield,  the  lower  part  occupied  by  a  red 
cross  on  a  golden  ground  or  field.  The  upper  part  of  the 
shield,  on  a  red  ground,  has  in  the  center  a  Lion  passant, 
in  gold,  to  its  right  is  a  golden  portcullis,  and  to  its  left 
is  the  Irish  harp  in  gold.  Over  the  shield  is  the  crest,  so 
called,  which  is  a  crown  of  gold,  with  ermine  and  crimson 
satin ;  this  is  surmounted  by  a  thistle  in  gold.  On  the 
golden  band  of  the  crown  is  the  motto  Miserere  Me. 
The  new  coat-of-arms  is  painted  at  the  right  upper 
corner  of  the  patent.  It  is  described  in  the  patent  which 
here  follows  : 

flo  all  and  lingular  to  whom  the  Presents  shall  come  Siic 
^[ljiduster  Jortecue  j^ut.  (J|lstcr  King  of  Arms  and  Principal 
Herald  of  all  Ireland  sendeth  ihrcding. 

j[jl|crcas  Daniel   Craney  late  of  Portarlington  in  the 

Queens  County  and  now  of  Fimchal  in  the  Island  of 
Maderia  Gentleman  has  made  application  to  me  to  grant 
unto  him  fit  and  proper  Armorial  Bearings. 

jhiou;  \]t  therefore  that  I  the  said  iljlstec  by  virtue  of 
the  power  and  authority  to  me  given  DO  by  these 
presents  iforant  and  (f  onfjm  unto  the  said  Daniel  Craney  the 
Arms  following  Viz't, 

Argent  on  a  mount  vert  an  elephant  proper,  on  a  chief 

per  pale  molts  and  Ijcrt.  in  dextera  crane  proper,  in  sinister 


384  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

a  wolf  rampant  OR,  |or  flrcst,  an  arm  embowered  vested 
%%axt  cuffed  i|iulcs,  holding  a  cutlass  proper.  ^nd  for 
otto  Amor  Proximi. 


i|  he  whole  as  above  more  clearly  depicted  to  be  borne 

and  used  by  him  the  said  Daniel  Craney  and  his  decend- 
ants  forever  according  to  the  Laws  of  Arms. 

\\\  jljitnc'rt  whereof   I    hereunto  subscribe  my  Name 

and  Title  and  affix  the  Seal  of  my  office  this  fifth  day  of 
April  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  eight. 
Chichester   Fortescue   Ulster King   of   Arms    of   All 

Ireland. 

In  heralding,  every  color  and  character  is  symbolic, 
and  while  each  has  a  meaning  of  its  own,  when  united, 
or  combined  with  one  or  two  others,  it  then  assumes 
another  meaning.  Argent  maans  silver  by  itself,  and 
symbolizes  purity  and  innocence,  but  if  combined  with 
red,  it  means  boldness.  Gules  means  red  ;  Vert,  green, 
Or,  gold  ;  Azure,  blue.  The  elephant  from  an  Egyptian 
hieroglyphic,  means  wealth.  The  crane  is  a  pun  on  the 
name  Craney.  The  significance  of  the  wolf  does  not 
occur  to  us.  As  wolves  once  infested  Ireland,  perhaps 
the  Craney  progenitors  had  performed  some  deftly  deeds 
in  their  extermination.  The  emblazonry  of  the  elephant 
is  amusing,  for  it  has  its  tusks  growing  out  of  tli3  lower 
jaw  ;  but  as  the  heraldic  limner  knew  no  better,  this 
would  cause  no  trouble,  it  being  on  heraldic  grounds 
orthodoxically  correct. 

HISTORY  OF  THE  POTTER  CHURCH. 


AX     INTERESTING    ACCOUNT     OF     ITS     FOUNDER    AND     ITS     FIRST 

PREACHER. 

In  giving  the  history  of  this  church,  it  is  proper  first 
to  quote  the  account  found  in  the  journal  of  the  celebrated 


IIISToky   OF   THE    POTTEB    CHURCH.  385 

Rev.  John  M  array,  the  founder  of  the  Universalis!  Society 
in  America,  as  this  account  has  made  the  Potter  Church 
noted  in  the  religious  history  of  our  country. 

The  Rev.  John  Murray,  the  first  preacher  of  Universal- 
ism  in  America,  sailed  from  England  for  New  York,  July 
21,  1770.  When  he  left  England,  though  a  warm  advo- 
cate of  the  principles  of  that  society,  he  was  not  a  regular 
preacher,  and  had  but  little  idea  then  of  becoming  one  in 
America.  During  a  thick  fog  in  the  early  part  of  the 
month  of  September,  the  brig  "Hand  in  Hand,"  on 
which  he  was  acting  as  supercargo,  struck  on  the  outer 
bar  of  old  Cranberry  Inlet  (now  closed,)  nearly  opposite 
Toms  River.  She  soon  passed  over,  and  was  held  by 
her  anchors  from  going  ashore.  Here  she  remained 
several  days  before  she  could  be  got  off.  While  lying 
here  the  provisions  of  the  brig  were  exhausted,  and  after 
locking  up  the  vessel,  all  hands  proceeded  in  a  boat 
across  the  bay  in  search  of  sustenance.  Being  unac- 
quainted with  the  main,  they  spent  the  greater  part  of 
the  day  before  they  could  effect  their  purpose,  after 
which,  it  being  late,  they  proceeded  to  a  tavern  to  stay 
all  night.  Mr.  Murray's  mind  appears  to  have  been 
much  exercised  by  eventful  scenes  in  his  previous  life, 
and  he  longed  to  get  somewhere  where  the  busy  cares 
of  the  world  would  not  disturb  his  meditations  ;  and 
hence  as  soon  as  the  boatmen  arrived  at  the  tavern,  he 
left  them  for  a  solitary  walk  through  the  dark  pine 
grove.  "  Here,"  said  he,  "  I  was  as  much  alone  as  I 
could  wish,  and  my  heart  exclaimed,  '  Oh,  that  I  had  in 
this  wilderness  the  lodging  of  a  poor  warfaring  man ; 
some  cave,  some  grot,  some  place  where  I  might  finish 
my  days  in  calm  repose.'"  As  he  thus  passed  along- 
musing,  he  unexpectedly  reached  a  small  log  house 
where  he  saw  a  girl  cleaning  fish;  he  requested  her  to 
sell  him  some.  She  had  none  to  spare,  but  told  him  he 
could  get  all  he  w anted  at  the  next  house.  "  What, 
this?"  said  Mr.  Murray,  pointing  to  one  he  could  just 
discern  through  the  woods.  The  girl  told  him  no,  that 
was  a  meetinghouse.     He  was  much  surprised  to  find  a 


386  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

meetinghouse  there,  in  the  woods.  He  was  directed  to 
pass  on  by  the  meetinghouse,  and  at  the  next  house  he 
would  tind  fish.  He  went  on  as  directed,  and  came  to 
tin'  door,  near  which  was  a  large  pile  of  fish  of  various 
sorts,  and  standing  by  was  a  tall  man,  rough  in  appear- 
ance and  evidently  advanced  in  years.  "Pray,  sir,'"  said 
Mr.  Murray,  "will  yon  have  the  goodness  to  sell  me  one 
of  those  fish?"  "No,  sir,"  was  the  abrupt  reply  of  the 
old  gentleman.  "That  is  strange,"  replied  Mr.  Murray, 
"  when  you  have  so  many  fish,  to  refuse  me  a  single  one  !  " 
"I  did  not  refuse  you  a  fish,  sir;  you  are  welcome  to  as 
many  as  you  please,  but  I  do  not  sell  the  article  ;  I  do 
not  sell  the  fish,  sir,  I  have  them  for  taking  up,  and  yon 
may  obtain  them  the  same  way."  Mr.  Murray  thanked 
him;  the  old  man  then  inquired  what  he  wanted  of 
them,  and  was  told  he  wished  them  for  supper  for  the 
mariners  at  the  tavern.  The  old  man  offered  to  send  the 
fish  over  for  him  and  urged  Mr.  Murray  to  tarry  with 
him  that  night.  Mr.  Murray  consented  to  return  after 
visiting  the  crew  at  the  public  house.  The  old  gentle- 
man was  Thomas  Potter.  Mr.  Murray  says  he  was 
astonished  to  see  so  much  genuine  politeness  and  hospi- 
tality under  so  rough  an  exterior,  but  his  astonishment 
was  greatly  increased  on  his  return.  The  old  man's 
room  was  prepared,  his  fire  bright  and  his  heart  opened. 
'"Come,"  said  he,  "  my  friend,  I  am  gLad  you  have  re- 
turned, I  have  longed  to  see  yon,  I  have  been  expecting 
you  a  long  time."  Expecting  him  !  Mr.  Murray  was 
amazed  and  asked  what  he  meant.  Mr.  Pottei  replied : 
"  I  must  answer  in  my  own  way.  I  am  a  poor  ignorant 
man,  and  know  neither  how  to  read  or  write  ;  I  was 
born  in  these  woods,  and  worked  on  these  grounds  until 
I  became  a  man,  when  I  went  on  coasting  voyages  from 
here  to  New  York;  I  was  then  about  getting  married, 
but  in  going  to  New  York  once  I  was  pressed  on  board 
of  a  man-of-war  and  taken  in  Admiral  Warren's 
ship  to  Cape  Breton.  I  never  drank  any  rum,  so 
they  saved  my  allowance ;  but  I  would  not  bear  an 
affront,    so     if    any    of    the    officers  struck  me  I  struck 


IIISTOKY   OF   THE    POTTEB    CHURCH.  387 

them    again,     but    the     admiral     took     my    part    and 
called   me  his    new-light  man.     When   I  reached  Louis- 
burg,  I    van  away,  and  traveled  barefooted  through  the 
country  and  almost  naked  to  New  York,   where    I  was 
known  and  supplied   with    clothes  and  money,  and  soon 
returned   home,  where   I   found  my  girl  married.     This 
rendered  me  unhappy,  but  I  recovered  my  tranquillity 
and  married  her  sister.     I  settled  down  to  work,  and  got 
forward  quite  fast,  constructed  a  saw-mill  and   possessed 
myself  of  this  farm  and  five  hundred  acres  of   adjoining 
land.     I  entered  into  navigation,  own  a  sloop,  and  have 
now  got  together  a  fair  estate.     I  am,  as  I  said,  unable  to 
read  or  write,  but  I  am  capable  of  reflection;  the  sacred 
Scriptures    have    been   often  read  to  me,  from  which  I 
gathered  that  there    is  a  great  aud  good  Beiug  who  has 
preserved   aud  protected  me  through  innumerable  dan- 
gers, aud  to  whom  we  are  all  indebted  for  all  we  enjoy  ; 
and  as  he  has  given  me  a  house  of  my  owu  I  conceived  I 
could  do  no  less  than  to  open  it  to  the  stranger,  let  him 
be  who  he  would  ;  aud  especially  if  a  traveling  minister 
passed  this  way  he  always   received  an  invitation  to  put 
up  at  my  house  and  hold  his  meetings  here. 

"  I  continued  in  this  practice  for  more  than  seven 
years,  and  illiterate  as  I  was,  I  used  to  converse  with 
them,  and  was  fond  of  asking  them  cpaestions.  They 
pronounced  me  an  odd  mortal,  declaring  themselves  at  a 
loss  what  to  make  of  me  ;  while  I  continued  to  affirm  that 
I  had  but  one  hope  ;  I  believed  that  Jesus  suffered  death 
for  my  transgressions,  and  this  alone  was  sufficient  for 
me.  At  length  my  wife  grew  weary  of  having  meetings 
held  in  her  house,  and  I  determined  to  build  a  house  for 
the  worship  of  God.  I  had  no  children,  and  I  knew  that 
I  was  beholden  to  Almighty  God  for  everything  which  I 
possessed,  and  it  seemed  right  I  should  appropriate  a 
part  of  what  He  bestowed  for  His  service.  My  neighbors 
offered  their  assistance,  but  '  No,'  said  I,  '  God  has  given 
me  enough  to  do  this  work  without  your  aid,  and  as  He 
has  put  it  into  my  heart  to  do  so,  so  I  will  do.'  '  And 
who,'  it  was  asked,  '  will  be  your  preacher  ?'     I  answered, 


388         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

'  God  will  send  me  a  preacher,  and  of  a  very  different 
stamp  from  those  who  have  heretofore  preached  in  my 
house.  The  preachers  we  have  heard  are  perpetually 
contradicting  themselves ;  but  that  God  who  has  put  it 
into  my  heart  to  build  this  house,  will  send  one  who 
shall  deliver  unto  me  His  own  truth — who  shall  speak  of 
Jesus  Christ  and  his  salvation.'  When  the  house  was 
finished,  I  received  an  application  from  the  Baptists,  and 
I  told  them  if  they  could  make  it  appear  that  God 
Almighty  was  a  Baptist  I  should  give  them  the  building 
at  once.  The  Quakers  and  Presbyterians  received  simi- 
lar answers.  '  No,'  said  I,  '  as  I  firmly  believe  that  all 
mankind  are  equally  dear  to  Almighty  God,  they  shall 
all  be  equally  welcome  to  preach  in  this  house  which  I 
have  built.  My  neighbors  assured  me  that  I  should 
never  see  a  preacher  who^e  sentiments  corresponded 
with  my  own,  but  I  uniformly  replied  I  assuredly  would. 
I  engaged  for  the  first  year  with  a  man  whom  I  gi-eatly 
disliked ;  we  parted,  and  for  some  years  we  have  had  no 
stated  minister.  My  friends  often  asked  me,  '  Where  is 
the  preacher  of  whom  you  spoke  V  and  my  constant 
reply  was,  '  He  will  by  and  by  make  his  appearance.' 
The  moment,  sir,  I  saw  your  vessel  on  shore  it  seemed  as 
if  a  voice  had  audibly  sounded  in  my  ears,  '  There,  Pot- 
ter, in  that  vessel,  cast  away  on  that  shore,  is  the 
preacher  you  have  so  long  been  expecting.'  I  heard  the 
voice  and  believed  the  report,  and  when  you  came  up  to 
my  door  and  asked  for  the  fish,  the  same  voice  seemed 
to  repeat,  '  Potter,  this  is  the  man — this  is  the  person 
whom  I  have  sent  to  preach  in  your  house !" 

As  may  be  supposed,  Murray  was  immeasurably 
astonished  at  Mr.  Potter's  narrative,  but  yet  had  not  the 
least  idea  that  his  wish  could  ever  be  realized.  He  asked 
him  what  he  could  discern  in  his  appearance  to  lead  him 
to  mistake  him  for  a  preacher.  "What,"  said  Potter, 
"  could  I  discern  when  you  were  on  the  vessel  that  could 
induce  this  conclusion  ?  Sir,  it  is  not  what  I  saw  or  see, 
but  what  I  feel,  which  produces  in  my  mind  full  convic- 
tion.    Murray  replied  that  he  must  be  deceived,  as  he 


HISTORY    OF   THE    TOTTER    CHURCH.  389 

should   never   preach   in   that  place  or   anywhere  else. 

"  Have  you  never  preached?  Can  you  say  you  never 
preached  ?" 

"I  cannot,  but  I  never  intend  to  preach  again." 

"  Has  uot  God  lifted  up  the  light  of  His  countenance 
upon  you?     Has  He  not  shown  you  the  truth  ?,: 

"I  trust  he  has." 

"  Then  how  dare  you  hide  this  truth  ?  Do  men  light 
a  candle  and  put  it  under  a  bushel  ?  If  God  has  shown 
you  His  salvation,  why  should  you  not  show  it  to  your 
fellow-men  ?  But  I  know  that  you  will — I  am  sure  that 
God  Almighty  has  sent  you  to  us  for  this  purpose.  I  am 
not  deceived,  sir,  I  am  sure  I  am  not  deceived." 

Murray  was  much  agitated  when  this  man  thus 
spoke  on,  and  began  to  wonder  whether  or  no,  God,  who 
ordains  all  things,  had  not  ordained  that  this  should 
come  to  pass ;  but  his  heart  trembled,  he  tells  us,  at  the 
idea.  He  says  he  endeavored  to  quiet  his  own  fears  and 
to  silence  the  warm-hearted  old  man  by  informing  him 
he  was  supercargo  of  the  vessel,  that  property  to  a  large 
amount  was  entrusted  to  his  care,  and  that  the  moment 
the  wind  changed  he  was  under  solemn  obligations  to 
depart. 

"The  wind  will  never  change,"  said  Potter,  "until 
you  have  delivered  to  us,  in  that  meetinghouse,  a 
message  from  God." 

Murray  still  resolutely  determined  never  to  enter 
any  pulpit  as  a  preacher;. but  being  much  agitated  in 
mind,  asked  to  be  shown  to  bed  after  he  had  prayed 
with  the  family.  When  they  parted  for  the  night  his 
kind  host  solemnly  requested  him  to  think  of  what  he 
said. 

"  Alas,"  says  Murray,  "  he  need  not  have  made  this 
request ;  it  was  impossible  to  banish  it  from  my  mind ; 
wdien  I  entered  my  chamber  and  shut  the  door,  I  burst 
into  tears ;  I  felt  as  if  the  hand  of  God  was  in  the  events 
which  had  brought  me  to  this  place,  and  I  prayed  most 
ardently  that  God  would  assist  and  direct  me  by  His 
counsel. 


390         HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

So  much  exercised  was  he  in  mind  that  he  spent  the 
greater  part  of  the  night  in  praying  and  weeping, 
"  dreading  more  than  death,"  he  says,  "  supposing  death 
to  be  an  object  of  dread,  the  idea  of  engaging  as  a  public 
character." 

In  his  writings  he  gives  the  substance  of  his  medita- 
tations  on  that  memorable  night.  In  the  morning  his 
good  friend  renewed  his  solicitations:  "Will  you  speak 
to  me  and  my  neighbors  of  the  good  things  which  belong 
to  our  peace  '?  " 

Murray,  seeiug  only  thick  woods,  the  tavern  across 
the  field  excepted,  requested  to  know  what  he  meant  by 
neighbors. 

"  O,  sir,  we  assemble  a  large  congregation  whenever 
the  meetinghouse  is  opened ;  indeed,  when  my  father 
first  settled  here,  he  was  obliged  to  go  twenty  miles  to 
grind  a  bushel  of  corn,  but  now  there  are  more  than 
seven  hundred  inhabitants  within  that  distance." 

Murray  still  could  not  be  prevailed  upon  to  yield, 
but  Potter  insisted  and  seemed  positive  the  wind  would 
not  change  until  he  had  spoken  to  the  people.  Thus 
urged,  Murray  began  to  waver,  and  at  length  he  tells  us 
he  "  implored  God,  who  sometimes  condescends  to 
indulge  individuals  with  tokens  of  His  approbation, 
graciously  to  indulge  me  upon  this  important  occasion, 
and  that  if  it  was  His  will  that  I  should  obtain  my  soul's 
desire  by  passing  through  life  as  a  private  individual; 
if  such  was  not  His  will,  that  I  should  engage  as  a 
preacher  in  the  ministry,  He  would  vouchsafe  to  grant 
me  such  a  wind  as  might  bear  me  from  this  shore  before 
another  Sabbath.  I  determined  to  take  the  changing 
of  the  wind  for  an  answer." 

But  the  wind  changed  not,  and  towards  the  close  of 
the  Saturday  afternoon  he  reluctantly  gave  his  consent 
to  preaching  the  next  day,  and  Mr.  Potter  immediately 
despatched  his  men  on  horseback  to  notify  the  neighbors, 
which  they  were  to  continue  to  do  until  ten  o'clock  in  the 
evening.  Mr.  Murray  appears  to  have  had  but  little 
rest  that  night,  thinking  over  the   responsibilities  of  the 


HISTORY     OF    Till'    I'oTTKI!    ( 'II I '  IK  'I  I.  391 

avocation  he  was  so  unexpectedly  about  to  be  engaged 
in,  ami  of  what  lif  should  say  and  how  he  should  ad- 
dress the  people;  but  the  passage:  "Take  no  thought 
what  ye  shall  say,"  etc,  appears  to  have  greatly  relieved 
his  mind.  Sunday  morning  (hey  proceeded  to  the 
church,  Potter  very  joyful  and  Murray  uneasy,  dis- 
trusting Ins  own  abilities  to  realize  the  singularly  high- 
Eormed  expectations  of  his  kind  host.  The  church  at 
that  day  is  described  as  being  "neat  and  convenient, 
with  a,  pulpit  rather  after  the  Quaker  mode,  with  but  one 
new  pew  and  that  a  large  square  one  just  below  the 
pulpit  in  which  sat  the  venerable  Potter  and  his  family 
and  visiting  strangers ;  the  rest  of  the  seats  were 
constructed  with  backs,  roomy  and  even  elegant."  As 
Murray  was  preaching,  Potter  looked  up  into  the  pulpit, 
his  eyes  sparkling  with  pleasure,  seemingly  completely 
happy  at  the  fulfillment  of  what  he  believed  a  promise 
long  deferred.  We  have  no  record  of  the  substance  of 
this,  the  first  Universalist  sermon  in  America,  nor  of  its 
impression  upon  any  of  the  hearers  save  one — that  one, 
Thomas  Potter  himself,  appears  to  have  had  all  his 
expectations  realized,  and  upon  their  return  home  over- 
whelmed Murray  with  his  frank  warm-hearted  congratu- 
lations ;  and  soon  visitors  poured  in.  Said  Potter  to 
them  :  "  This  is  the  happiest  day  of  my  life ;  there, 
neighbors,  there  is  the  minister  God  has  sent  me." 
Murray  was  so  overcome  by  the  old  man's  enthusiastic 
demonstrations  that  he  retired  to  his  room,  and  tells  us 
he  "prostrated  himself  at  the  throne  of  grace,  and 
besought  God  to  take  him  and  do  with  him  what  he 
pleased.1' 

After  a  while  he  returned  to  the  company  and  foirnd 
the  boatmen  with  them,  who. wished  him  to  go  on  board 
immediately,  as  the  wind  was  fair.  So  he  was  compelled 
to  leave.  His  host  was  loth  to  part  with  him,  and  exacted 
a  promise  from  him  to  return,  which  he  soon  did,  and 
preached  often  in  the  Potter  church,  and  other  villages. 
The  first  place  he  visited  during  this  stay  was  Toms 
River.     He  relates  two  or  three  interesting  scenes  occur- 


392  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

ring  here,  iu  explaining  to  individuals  his  peculiar 
religious  views.  The  next  village  he  visited  was  Mana- 
hawkin. 

For  many  years,  and  though  travelling  in  various 
parts  of  the  United  States,  yet  as  long  as  Thomas  Potter 
lived,  his  house  at  Goodluck  was  considered  by  Murray 
as  his  home.  At  length,  after  being  away  some  time  on 
a  religious  mission,  he  returned  and  found  that  his  good 
old  friend  was  dead ;  his  letter  describing  this  visit, 
recounting  some  of  the  scenes  of  Potter's  life,  his  traits 
of  character,  his  own  feelings,  etc.,  is  full  of  tender 
feeling  and  sincere  grief,  admirably  expressed,  and  the 
substance  of  the  discourse  which  he  preached  on  that 
occasion,  in  that  memorable  old  chapel,  is  a  touching 
specimen  of  Murray's  eloquence.  A  brief  extract  will 
serve  to  give  an  idea  of  Murray's  style  and  of  his  feelings 
towards  his  departed  friend.  His  text  was:  "For  ye 
are  bought  with  a  price  ;  therefore  glorify  (rod  in  your 
body  and  in  your  spirit,  which  are  God's."  Towards  the 
close  of  his  discourse,  pointing  towards  Potter's  grave, 
which  could  be  seen  from  where  he  stood  he  says  : 

"Through  yonder  open  casement  I  behold  the  grave 
of  a  man,  the  recollection  of  win  mi  swells  my  heart  with 
gratitude,  and  fills  my  eyes  with  tears.  There  sleeps  the 
sacred  dust  of  him  who  well  understood  the  advant. 
resulting  from  the  public  worship  of  God.  There  rests 
the  ashes  of  him  who  glorified  God  in  his  body  and  in 
his  spirit,  which  he  well  knew  were  the  Lord's.  He 
believed  he  whs  bought  with  a  price,  and  therefore  he 
declared  that  all  that  he  had  and  all  that  he  was  were 
righteously  due  to  God,  who  created  and  purchased  him 
with  a  price  all  price  beyond.  There  rests  the  precious 
dust  of  the-friend  of  strangers,  whose  hospitable  doors 
were  ever  open  to  the  destitute,  and  him  who  had  none 
to  relieve  his  sufferings;  his  dust  reposes  close  to  this 
edifice,  itself  a  monument  of  his  piety.  Dear,  faithful 
man!  when  last  I  stood  in  this  place,  he  was  present 
among  the  assembly  of  the  people.  I  marked  his  glisten- 
ing eve;  it    always  glistened  at  the   emohatic   name  of 


HISTORY    OF  THE    POTTER    CHURCH.  393 

Jesus.  Even  now,  I  behold  in  imagination,  his  venerable 
countenance  ;  benignity  is  seated  on  his  brow  ;  his  mind 
apparently  open  and  confiding;  tranquillity  reposeth upon 

his  features  ;  every  varying  emotion  evincing  faith  in  that 
enduring  peace  which  passeth  understanding.  Let  us, 
my  friends,  imitate  his  philanthropy,  his  charity,  his 
piety.  I  may  never  meet  3-011  again  until  Ave  unite  to 
swell  the  loud  hallelujahs  before  the  throne  of  God.  But 
to  hear  of  your  faith,  of  your  perseverance,  of  your  works 
of  charity,  of  your  brotherly  love,  will  heighten  my 
enjoyments  and  soothe  my  sorrows,  even  to  the  verge  of 
mortal  pilgrimage." 

Potter,  in  his  will,  left  the  church  to  Murray.  It 
was  Mr.  Murray's  desire  as  well  as  Mr.  Potter's,  that  the 
church  should  be  kept  free  to  all  denominations  for  the 
worship  of  God. 

The  will  of  Thomas  Potter  was  dated  May  11,  1777, 
proved  May  2,  1782,  and  is  recorded  in  the  Secretary  of 
State's  office  at  Trenton.  In  regard  to  the  church  he 
says  : 

"  The  house  I  built  for  those  that  God  shall  cause  to 
meet  there,  to  serve  or  worship  him  to  the  same  use  still, 
and  I  will  that  my  dear  friend  John  Murray,  preacher  of 
the  gospel,  shall  have  the  sole  direction  and  manage- 
ment of  said  house  and  one  acre  of  land,  where  the  house 
now  stands,  for  the  use  above  mentione  ]." 

The  house  and  lot  was  sold  to  Methodists  by  deed, 
dated  November  7,  1809;  the  deed  is  from  Nathaniel 
Cook,  of  Monmouth  County,  of  the  first  part,  and  Paul 
Potter,  Samuel  Woodmansee,  John  Cranmer,  Caleb  Falk- 
inburg,  Isaac  Rogers,  John  Tilton  and  David  Bennett, 
Trustees.  Consideration,  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
dollars.  The  church  was  rebuilt  in  1841,  while  Ptev. 
Noah  Edwards  was  pastor  on  the  circuit.  The  Trustees 
then  were  Joseph  Holmes,  Amos  Falkinburg,  James 
Day,  Reuben  Tilton,  Paul  Potter  and  Joseph  Preston. 
For  rebuilding  $703.70  was  subscribed,  of  which  amount 
$667.20'was  paid  in  to  Trustees  ;  the  balance  was  not  col- 
lected. 


391  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

The  last  services  held  by  the  Universalists  in  this 
church  was  in  the  Fall  of  1874. 

This  church  property  is  uow  under  the  control  of  the 
Methodists  ;  the  Universalists,  although  manifesting  little 
or  no  disposition  to  dispute  their  claims,  yet  contend 
that  its  sale  was  through  "  the  mismanagement  of  the  ex- 
ecutor to  satisfy  illegal  claims,"  etc. 

In  the  burying  ground  of  the  church  a  headstone 
was  erected  over  the  grave  of  Thomas  Potter  May  15, 
1833,  and  surrounded  by  an  iron  fence.  The  headstone 
bears  the  following  inscription  : 

In  Memory 

OF 

THOMAS     POTTER, 
Friend  and  Patron 

OF 

J  0  H  N     M  U  R  R  A  Y . 
An  Early  Advocate 

OF 

Univebsaubm  in  America. 
Have  we  not  all  one  Father? 
Erected  May  15,  1833. 


PRESBYTERIANISM   IX  FORKED  RIVER. 


A  few  years  ago  the  New  Jersey  Courier  published 
a  communication  which,  after  reference  to  Presbyterian- 
ism  previous  to  the  Revolution,  says  :  "  Subsequent  to 
the  Revolution,  we  have  found  no  written  or  traditional 
mention  of  Presbyterians  along  shore,  until  about  the 
year  1828,  when  Mr.  Amos  Salter,  who  had  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  noted  old  First  Presbyterian  Church,  at 
Newark,  N.  J.,  located  at  Forked  River.  Soon  after  his 
arrival  here,  he  wrote  to  an  old  friend,  the  Rev.  Solomon 
Carpenter,  requesting  him  to  visit  and  preach  at  Forked 
River  and  vicinity.  Mr.  Carpenter  was,  in  his  day.  a 
noted  Presbyterian  clergyman  and  evangelist,  who  had 
labored  with  remarkable  success  in  Essex  and  Morris 
counties  and  vicinity.     In  compliance  with  this  request, 


PRESBYTEBIANISM     IN    FORKED    RIVER.  395 

Mr.  Carpenter  and  his  wife,  who,  by  the  way,  was  a  most 
faithful  and  zealous  helper  in  Christian  labor,  proceeded 
to  Forked  River.  Mr.  Carpenter  Labored  at  Forked 
River  and  vicinity  for  a  brief  time,  and  was  assisted 
at  times  by  his  wife  whoian  aged  minister  says)  made  the 
best  prayers  he  ever  heard.  He  died  a  year  or  two  after 
this  visit,  and  his  wife  subsequently  married  Rev.  John 
11.  McDowell,  of  New  York,  who  was  the  founder  of  the 
American  Moral  Reform  Society." 

Mr.  Carpenter  had  a  brother  Ephraim  who  occa- 
sionally preached  along  shore  about  the  same  time. 

Rev.  Mr.  Newell,  a  young  Presbyterian  clergyman, 
came  to  Forked  River  about  December,  1814,  and  taught 
school  until  June,  1815,  and  while  here  he  held  religious 
services  as  opportunity  offered. 

About  this  time  Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  Guliek,  of  the 
celebrated  Guliek  Sandwich  Island  missionary  family, 
lived  at  Forked  River,  having  returned  to  the  United 
States  on  account  of  the  health  of  Mrs.  G.,  who  was  a 
most  estimable  Christian,  of  fine  educational  attainments. 
She  taught  a  small  select  school,  but  though  of  Presby- 
terian proclivities,  neither  of  them  were  able  to  do  much 
in  the  way  of  holding  religious  services. 

About  the  first  of  June,  1850,  Rev.  Thomas  S. 
Dewing,  who  has  been  mentioned  in  speaking  of  Presby- 
terianism  at  Toms  River,  located  along  shore.  In  a 
private  letter  written  in  1877,  Mr.  Dewing  states  that 
he  had  seven  preaching  places  from  Toms  River  to  Man- 
ahawkin. 

At  Forked  River  he  preached  in  the  old  school- 
house.  He  took  especial  interest  in  the  Sabbath  School, 
of  which  he  was  superintendent  and  which  was  the  first 
regular  Presbyterian  Sunday  school  established  at  Forked 
River.  Among  the  teachers  who  assisted  him  were  Miss 
Angeline  Holmes,  since  deceased,  Miss  Laura  E.  Holmes 
(now  Mrs.  Captain  E.  M.  Lonani,  Miss  Sarah  A.  Rogers 
(now  Mrs.  W.  A.  Low),  Misses  Eleanor  and  Catharine 
Jones,  Edwin  Salter  and  probably  occasionally  B. 
Franklin  Holmes  and  Enoch  Jones. 


396  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

In  the  summer  of  1860  a  Sunday  School  was  again 
established  through  the  instrumentality  of  a  Presby- 
terian, Miss  Robbins,  an  estimable  Christian  lady  who 
had  charge  of  the  district  school.  At  her  solicitation, 
Edwin  Salter  acted  as  superintendent  and  Misses  Emelia 
Holmes,  Mary  J.  Lonan,  Adelaide  Stout,  Jane  E.  Jones, 
Elizabeth  Sutphen  and  Lodisa  Rogers,  and  Mrs.  Edgar 
Thompson  and  Henry  Howell  acted  as  teachers  ;  Miss 
Robbins  herself  took  charge  of  a  class  of  young  ladies, 
and  Mr.  Salter  of  the  older  boys.  At  another  time,  Miss 
Emelia  Smith,  a  Presbyterian  lady,  who  had  charge  of 
the  district  school  and  who  made  her  home  with  Capt. 
Joseph  Holmes,  exerted  a  favorable  influence  in  favor  of 
the  society  to  which  she  belonged. 

PRESBYTERIAN    CHURCH   OF   FORKED   RIVER. 


The  Presbyterian  Society  of  Forked  River  and 
vicinity  bought  the  building  erected  by  the  Baptists  at 
Cedar  Creek  and  the  certificate  of  the  incorporation  of 
"The  Presbyterian  Church  of  Cedar  Creek"  was  recorded 
June  17,  1857,  and  names  as  trustees  Joseph  Holmes, 
James  Jones  and  William  A.  Low. 

The  building  was  taken  down  in  1865  and  removed 
to  Forked  River.  It  had  been  bought  of  the  Baptists  in 
1857  chiefly  through  the  agency  of  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  F. 
Worrell.  At  Forked  River  it  was  put  up  on  a  lot  pre- 
sented by  Mr.  James  Jones.  The  certificate  of  incorpora- 
tion of  the  Presbj'terian  Church  at  Forked  River  states 
that  at  a  meeting  held  June  9,  18(55,  the  trustees  elected 
were  James  Jones,  Joseph  Holmes  and  Benjamin  F. 
Holmes.  The  certificate  was  filed  in  County  Clerk's  office 
September  19,  1865. 

In  March  of  the  same  year  a  Sabbath  School  was 
established,  of  which  Rev.  Mr.  Frazee  of  Toms  River, 
became  superintendent,  and  it  proved  very  successful. 

Among  the  ministers  who  occasionally  preached  were 
Rev.  Messrs.  Darrach,  D.  V.  McLean,  J.  H.  Frazee,  C.  F. 
Worrell,  Win.  S.  Betts,  Frank  Chandler,  Thaddeus  Wilson 


FIRST   SUNDAY   SCHOOL   AT    FORKED    RIVER.  397 

and  Allen  H.  Brown.  In  January,  1871,  Rev.  Frank 
Chandler,  of  Freehold,  presented  the  Sabbath  School 
with  a  line  library  comprising  2(H)  volumes  of  new  books. 

June  17,  1873,  a  Presbyterian  Church  was  regularly 
organized  at  Forked  River. 

The  following  were  the  first  members  of  the  church  : 
Edwin  R.  Spaulding,  Josephine  M.  Spaulding,  John 
Bowers,  Anna  M.  Bowers,  Theodosia  Bowers,  Randolph 
Lane,  Joseph  Holmes,  Sr.,  Ann  Holmes,  Deborah  A. 
Stout,  Mary  J.  Lonan. 

On  September  14,  1873,  Rev.  James  M.  Denton  was 
called  as  the  first  pastor  of  the  church.  All  efforts  of 
ministers  previous  to  that  had  been  of  a  missionary 
character.     He  accepted,  and  was  installed  November  25, 

1873. 

The  same  evening  the  new  pastor,  Rev.  Mr.  Denton, 
was    married   to   Miss  Theodosia   Bowers,    daughter    of 

John  Bowers. 

The  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School  at  this 
time  was  Elder  E.  R.  Spaulding. 

This  church  being  under  the  same  pastor  as  the 
Presbyterian  Church  at  Barnegat,  the  successive  pastors 
were  the  same. 

THE    FIRST    SUNDAY    SCHOOL    AT    F0KKED    RIVER. 

The  first  Sunday  School  established  at  Forked  River 
was  in  1828,  and  continued,  probably,  with  some  intermis- 
sions, until  about  1831.  It  was  organized  through  the 
efforts  of  Mr.  Amos  Salter,  a  Presbyterian  from  Newark, 
N.  J.,  and  living  at  Forked  River.  The  books  for  the 
school  were  procured  in  part  from  the  American  Sunday- 
School  Union,  and  in  part  from  some  of  Amos  Salter's  old 
Presbyterian  friends  at  Newark. 

The  Sunday  School  was  non-sectarian,  as  there  was 
no  Presbyterian  in  the  vicinity  but  the  superintendent, 
whose  unselfish  labors  and  conscientious  adherence  to  old 
Presbyterian  precepts  and  practices,  even  to  reading  the 
Bible  "and  having  family  prayers  morning  and  evening, 
made  a  favorable  impression  on  the  people  of  the  vicinity. 


398  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

The  following  list,  though  prepared  from  memory, 
gives  the  names  of  nearly  all  the  regular  attendants  of 
the  school :  Elmira  Eogers,  Isaac  Rogers,  Katie  Rogers 
(•leaf  and  dumb),  Joel  Worden,  Martha  Worden,  Daniel 
Worden,  Samuel  Worden,  Anthony  Salter,  John  Salter, 
Daniel  Salter,  Elizabeth  Salter,  Emeline  Salter,  Silas 
Salter,  Smith  Salter,  Sarah  Salter,  Edwin  Salter,  Joseph 
Parker,  Randolph  Lane,  Alice  Lane,  Ann  Maria  Lippin- 
cott,  Debby  Lippincott,  Hannah  Lippiucott,  Manly 
Lippincott,  Jesse  Bunnell,  Miles  Bunnell,  Lydia  Bunnell, 
Amos  Bunnell,  J.  Snowden  Bunnell,  Melinda  Bunnell, 
Augustus  Conover,  Joseph  Conover,  Angeline  Holmes, 
Laura  E.  Holmes,  Daniel  L.  Chamberlain,  Sarah  Cham- 
berlain, Robert  L.  Chamberlain,  John  Chamberlain,  Jane 
Chamberlain,  Leonard  Brinley,  William  (?)  Soper, 
Catharine  List,  Judith  List,  Amanda  Williams,  John 
Russell,  Hester  Woolley,  John  Woolley,  Ann  Woolley, 
John  Worden,  James  Worden,  Elizabeth  Worden,  Harriet 
Worden,  John  Cornelius,  Lydia  Tilton,  Cornelius  Lane, 
James  Chamberlain,  William  Ferguson,  Leah  Soper.    ■ 

Of  the  above,  Elmira  Rogers  married  Capt.  Samuel 
Beatty,  Hannah  Lippincott  married  Capt.  Anthony 
Camburn,  Elizabeth  Salter  married  Capt.  J.  Conover 
Williams,  Ann  Woolley  married  Capt.  Randolph  Lane, 
Hester  Woolley  married  Capt.  John  Parker,  Emeline 
Salter  married  Capt.  David  S.  Parker,  Amanda  Williams 
married  Capt.  Jacob  Vaughn,  Laura  E.  Holmes  married 
Capt.  Edward  Lonan,  Martha  Worden  married  John 
Barkalew,  Sarah  Chamberlain  married  Joseph  Yarnall. 

.METHODIST    EPISCOTAL    CHURCH    AT   FORKED  RIVER. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation  of  this  church  is 
dated  October  13,  1884,  and  names  as  Trustees  Charles 
P.  Bunnell,  B.  S.  Chamberlain,  Job  Faulkinburgh, 
Annaniah  G.  Wilbert,  Uriah  Havens,  Winfield  S.  Parker 
and  Charles  Williams. 

Services  were  first  held  in  it  in  the  fall  of  1887, 
before  the  edifice  was  completed  and  while  Rev.  Mr. 
Tomlin  was  pastor  in  charge.     The  Methodists  had  held 


SONS   OF   TEMPERANCE,    BOLMEs'    OLD    MILL,    ETC.  399 

services  in  the   «>ld   Forked  River  schoolhouses  almost 
from  Bishop  A.sbury's  time. 

GOODLUCK    DIVISION    sons   OF   TEMPERANCE,  NO.  107. 

The  charter  of  this  Division,  dated  March  12,  1849, 
names  as  charter  members  Joseph  Parker,  Samuel  Potter, 
Jacob  Piatt,  David  I.  C.  Rogers  and  others ;  and  was 
signed  by  'Wm.  P.  Searles,  G.  W.  P.,  and  Henry  13. 
Howell,  Jr.,  G.  S.  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State.  It 
was  incorporated  the  following  year,  Cornelius  Lane,  W. 
P.,  and  Charles  W.  Bunnell,  R.  S.,  and  the  certificate 
recorded  December  21,  1850. 

holmes'  old  mill. 

The  upper  mill  on  the  north  branch  of  Forked  River 
was  formerly  known  as  Holmes'  Mill.  On  the  first  of 
August,  1759,  a  survey  of  one  and  one-half  acres  there 
was  made  to  Jeremiah  Stilwell  "at  request  of  John 
Holmes,  the  elder."  This  tract  was  by  the  mill-pond. 
In  1760,  John  Holmes,  the  elder,  bought  sixteen  acres. 
In  1766  John  Holmes,  the  elder,  and  Daniel  Holmes 
bought  10.00  acres. 

John  Holmes,  the  elder,  died  intestate  and  his 
estate  went  to  his  children,  William,  Jonathan,  John, 
Huldah,  who  married  Daniel  Williams,  Mary,  who  mar- 
ried Thomas  Green,  and  Catharine  and  Sarah ;  the 
estate  was  subject  to  the  right  of  dower  of  the  widow 
Catharine,  who  afterwards  married  Thomas  Wright. 

William  Holmes,  son  of  John,  bought  out  the  other 
heirs  August  6,  1795. 

In  1810  James  Hankinson  took  up  fifty  acres  adjoin- 
ing mill  tract,  but  the  survey  was  mislocated.  In  the 
same  year  he  took  up  fifty-three  acres  in  same  vicinity. 

WABETOWN   PKESBYTEKIAN   AND    METHODIST   CHURCH. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation,  recorded  February 
16,  1869,  states  that  whereas  the  Evangelical  and  Relig- 
ious Society,  usually,  meeting  for  public  worship  at 
Waretown,  did  assemble  October  30,  1868,  and  adopt  the 
name  of  "  The  Methodist  and  Presbyterian  Church  at 


400  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Waretown  "  and  elected  the  following  Trustees :  Daniel 
Cambnrn,  Joseph  Camburn,  Elwood  Headley,  Garrison 
Camburn  and  James  Anderson. 

UNIVERSALIST   SOCIETY,  WARETOWN. 

At  a  meeting  held  May  4, 1867,  the  following  persons 
were  elected  Trustees  of  the  "  Universalist  meeting, 
Waretown":  Jacob  Birdsall,  James  Edwards,  R.  Lathrop, 
John  Warren,  Enoch  H.  Jones. 

The  certificate  of  incorporation  was  recorded  Ma}r  7, 
1867. 

In  the  fall  of  1883  an  addition  of  twelve  feet  to  the 
rear  of  the  church  was  made  and  the  roof  raised  about 
two  feet. 

WARETOWN    CEDAR   GROVE    CEMETERY   ASSOCIATION. 

At  a  meeting  held  at  the  Select  Schoohouse,  Ware- 
town,  June  18,  1861,  of  which  Samuel  Birdsall  was 
Chairman,  and  Jacob  Birdsall  Secretary,  the  following- 
persons  were  named  as  members  of  the  Association : 
Benjamin  Predmore,  Sr.,  Jacob  Birdsall,  Ezekiel  Bird- 
sall, Elwood  Wilkins,  Taylor  C.  Newberry,  Enoch  H. 
Jones,  Joseph  H.  Birdsall,  Samuel  Birdsall. 

The  annual  meetings  to  be  held  the  last  Saturday  in 
each  year.  The  certificate  of  incorporation  was  recorded 
June  21, 1861. 

The  cemetery  grounds  are  located  on  rising  ground 
on  a  road  to  the  bay  and  an  ancient  graveyard  is 
included  in  the  bounds.  The  lots  are  large  and  some 
are  owned  by  people  living  elsewhere  who  have  ancestors 
buried  here. 

GEN.  JOHN  LACEY. 


General  John  Lace}  was  born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa., 
February  4,  1775.  His  paternal  ancestor  was  from  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  and  came  to  this  oountry  with  William 
Penn.  General  Lacey's  ancestors  and  all  his  descendants 
were  Quakers.     At  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution, 


GEN.    JOHN   LACEY.  401 

his  love  of  freedom  predominated  over  his  anti-war 
creed,  and  lie  made  up  his  mind  to  obtain  it  peaceably  if 
he  could,  forcibly  if  he  must.  He  took  a  captain's  com- 
mission of  the  Continental  Congress,  January  (i,  177f>,  for 
which  he  was  at  once  disowned  by  the  Quakers.  He 
left  his  home,  his  society,  his  mill,  to  do  battle  for  his 
country.  He  served  under  General  Wayne,  in  Canada, 
and  performed  the  hazardous  duty  of  carrying  an  express 
from  General  Sullivan  to  Arnold,  when  before  Quebec. 
On  his  return  next  year  he  resigned  on  account  of  a  diffi- 
culty with  General  Wayne.  He  was  then  appointed  by 
the  Pennsylvania  Legislature  to  organize  the  militia  of 
Bucks  county.  He  was  soon  elected  Colonel.  He  was 
now  in  the  midst  of  Tories  and  Quakers,  who  were  acting 
in  concert  with  the  enemy,  some  of  whom  threatened 
him  with  personal  vengeance.  These  threats  he  disregard- 
ed as  the  idle  wind.  He  brought  his  regiment  into  the 
field  and  performed  feats  of  valor  that  at  once  raised  him 
to  a  high  standard  in  the  list  of  heroes.  His  conduct 
was  particularly  noticed  by  Washington,  and  he  was 
honored  with  the  commission  of  Brigadier-General,  Jan- 
uary 9th,  and  ordered  to  relieve  General  Porter.  He 
was  then  but  twenty-two  years  old. 

After  the  evacuation  of  Philadelphia,  General  Lacey 
was  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature,  and 
served  three  consecutive  sessions.  In  1781  he  closed  his 
military  career,  and  like  a  good  citizen  married  an  amia- 
ble daughter  of  Col.  Reynolds,  of  New  Jersey,  and  com- 
menced a  successful  career  of  domestic  felicity.  He 
filled  various  civil  offices,  lived  in  the  esteem  of  every 
patriot  (not  of  all  his  Quaker  relatives)  and  died  at  the 
village  of  New  Mills,  (now  Pemberton)  New  Jersey,  Feb. 
14,  1814,  in  his  59th  year. 

In  recent  years  a  monument  was  erected  to  the  mem- 
ory of  General  Lacey,  in  Bucks  County,  Pa.,  where  he 
was  born,  and  dedicated  with  much  ceremony. 

The  will  of  General  Lacey  was  dated  1811  and 
proved  March  14,  1814,  and  is  recorded  at  Mount  Holly. 
It  named  wife  Antis,  daughter  Eliza,  wife  of  Wm.  Smith  ; 


402         HISTOBY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

daughter  Kitty,  wife  of  William  Darling  or  Darlington, 
daughter  Jane  C.  Lacey  ;  sou  Thomas  R  Lacey. 

He  requests  his  wife  Antis  to  care  for  his  aged 
mother,  Executors  Caleb  Newbold  and  William  Irick. 

The  will  of  Autis  Lacey,  widow  of  General  Lacey,  is 
dated  1815  and  proved  February,  1816.  She  lived  at  Xew 
Mills.  She  left  to  her  sou  Thomas  R.  Lacey  all  her 
estate  at  New  Mills,  now  called  Pembertou — dwelling 
houses,  barus,  mills,  etc..  and  the  remainder  of  her  prop- 
erty to  her  three  daughters,  Eliza  Smith.  Catharine  Dar- 
lington and  Jane  C.  Hough. 

FOREST  FIRES. 

Fires  have  been  so  frequent  in  the  extensive  forests 
of  Ocean  county,  that  it  i^  a  hopeless  task  to  attempt  to 
enumerate  them  or  describe  in  detail  the  exciting  scenes 
they  have  occasioned.  Often  thousands  of  acres  are 
swept  over  and  tens  of  thousands  of  dollars'  worth  of  tim- 
ber are  burned  in  a  very  short  time.  "With  a  high  wind, 
the  mar  of  the  tire  in  the  woods,  the  flames  leaping  from 
tree-top  to  tree-top  and  running  along  the  dried  leaves 
and  bushes  on  the  ground  make  an  appalling  scene  never 
to  be  forgotten  ;  and  the  exciting  work  of  righting  fire, 
with  the  flames  often  leaping  over  their  heads  or  on  the 
ground  escaping  and  surrounding  them,  is  too  familiar 
to  our  old  citizens  to  need  describing. 

About  fifty  years  ago,  a  tire  broke  out  in  the  woods 
between  Oyster  Creek  and  Forked  River,  and  many  per- 
sons from  Waretown  and  Forked  River  endeavored  to 
subdue  it.  A  sudden  shift  and  increase  of  the  wind 
brought  the  flames  down  with  such  rapidity  upon  the 
men  that  they  had  to  run  for  their  lives  toward  the 
nearest  body  of  water,  which  happened  to  be  the  old 
Frank  Cornelius  mill  pond  on  Forked  River ;  but  one 
man  named  George  Collins,  of  Waretown,  missed  the 
right  road,  and  was  overtaken  by  the  flames  and  burned 
to  death.  His  shoes  were  left  to  mark  the  spot  where  he 
was  burned,  fortwentv  or  thirty  years  after. 


BISTORT?    OF  Till'    BAPTIST8    IN    0<  BAN    COUNTY.  M)3 


BISTORT  OF  THE  BAPTISTS  IX  OCEAN  COUNTI 


The  first  church  built  in  Ocean  county  was  the  one 
generally  known  as  the  Baptist  Church  at  Manahawken. 
It  was  built  at  least  as  early  as  1758,  as  it  is  Baid  the 
original  deed  for  the  land  on  which  it  was  situated  is 
dated  August  24,  L758,  and  calls  for  1  20-100  acres,  "be- 
ginning  at  a  stake  265  links  north-west  from  the  meeting- 
house," by  which  it  appears  the  edifice  was  already 
erected.  There  is  a  tradition  that  the  church  was  orig- 
inally erected  as  a  free  church,  chiefly  through  the 
instrumentality  of  James  Haywood.  That  it  was  free  to 
all  denominations  is  quite  evident,  as  in  it  meetings  were 
held  by  Quakers,  Presbyterians,  and  probably  Metho- 
dists,  and  Rev.  John  Murray,  the  founder  of  Universalism 
in  America,  also  preached  in  it.  In  Webster's  History  of 
Presbyteriani-m  it  is  claimed  as  a  Presbyterian  Church. 
The  author  probably  supposed  it  to  be  such  because 
ministers  of  that  society  held  regular  services  in  it — in 
fact,  they  held  them  many  years  before  the  Baptist  Society 
was  organized,  and  were  entertained  by  Messrs.  Haywood 
and  Randolph,  subsequently  named  among  the  founders 
of  the  Baptist  Society,  as  appears  by  a  letter  written  by 
Rev.  John  Brainerd  in  17(31.  It  is  evident  that  the  earlv 
settlers  of  Manahawken  were  not  only  anxious  to  hear  the 
Word  of  Truth,  but  also  believed  in  religious  toleration. 

The  history  of  the  Baptist  Society  at  Manahawken, 

-    _iven   in  its  old  church  record,  was  evidently  written 

many  years  after  the  organization  of  the   societv.     It  is 

well  worth  preserving  in  our  local  religious  history.     The 

following  is  substantially  from  the  church  record  : 

■'About  1760,  James  Haywood,  a  Baptist  from  Coven- 
try, England ;  Benjamin,  Reuben  and  Joseph  Randolph, 
also  Baptists,  from  Piscataway,  settled  in  this  neighbor- 
hood. They  were  visited  by  Rev.  Mr.  Blackwell,  who 
preached  and  baptized  among  them.  Other  Baptists 
settled  among  them  from  Scotch  Plains  ;  so  that  in  1770, 
they  were  multiplied  to  nine  souls,  which  nine  were  con- 


404  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

stituted  a  Gospel  church  that  same  year  by  Rev.  Ben- 
jamin Miller.  They  joined  the  Baptist  Association,  and 
were  occasionally  visited  by  other  brethren,  so  that  in 
1770  they  numbered  fifteen.  Rev.  Henry  Crossley 
resided  among  them  some  time,  and  was  succeeded  by 
Rev.  Isaac  Bonnell,  after  whose  departure  there  was  no 
more  account  of  Maiiahawken  Church  ;  so  that  in  1799, 
at  a  meeting  of  the  Baptist  Association  at  Great  Valley. 
they  were  about  to  be  erased  from  the  records,  but  at  the 
intervention  of  one  or  two  biethren  they  were  spared,  and 
visited  by  ministering  brethren,  and  that  not  in  vain,  for 
though  there  could  none  be  found  of  the  character  of 
Baptists  save  five  female  members,  two  of  whom  are  since 
deceased,  }ret  a  number  round  about  were  baptized 
among  them  ;  but  not  meeting  in  membership  with  them, 
it  remained  doubtful  whether  they  could  be  considered  a 
church.  Next  season,  they  were  represented  to  the 
Association  with  flattering  prospects,  and  a  query  was 
made  whether  they  really  were  a  church,  which  query 
was  answered  in  the  affirmative  ;  in  consequence  of  which 
supplies  were  named,  some  of  whom  proposed  the 
propriety  of  receiving  into  fellowship  among  them  such  as 
had  been,  or  may  be  in  future  baptized  among  them. 
The  proposition  was  generally  accepted,  both  by  the  old 
members  and  young  candidates,  and  in  confirmation  of 
which  the  first  Suuday  in  July,  1802,  was  set  apart  for 
the  above  purpose,  when  Brothers  Alexander  McGowan 
and  Benjamin  Hedges  gave  their  assistance.  Brother 
McGowan,  pastor  of  the  church  at  New  Mills  (now 
Pemberton),  by  authority-,  and  one  behalf  of  Sarah 
Puryne  (Perrine  ? )  Mary  Sprague  and  Elizabeth  Sharp, 
the  remainder  of  the  church  in  the  place,  receiving  into 
union,  by  right  hand  of  fellowship,  the  following  named 
persons,  viz : 

Daniel  Parker  and  Elizabeth  his  wife  ;  Edward 
Gennines  and  Abigail  his  wife  ;  Thomas  Edwards  and 
Catharine  his  wife ;  Samuel  Grey  and  Katurah  his  wife  ; 
Amos  Southard  and  wife ;  Mary  Fortuneberry  ;  Phebe 
Bennett;     Hannah     White;     Martha     Headlev;      Leah 


HI8T0B1   OF   THE    BAPTISTS    IN    OCEAN   COUNTY.  f1'"' 

Clayton;  Hannah  Sulsey;  Jemima  Pidgeon;  Hester 
Perrine."  In  the  Foregoing,  Mar}  Fortuneberry,  we  pre- 
sume, should  be  Mary  Falkinburgh. 

The  Baptist  Century  Book  furnishes  additional  in- 
formation to  the  above  as  follow-  : 

"The  Baptist  Society  at  Manahawken  was  organ- 
ized August  25,  17~i».  In  October,  1771,  there  were 
eleven  members,  and  Lines  Pangburn  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Baptist  Association.  There  were  seven  appoint- 
ments made  for  that  year. 

In  1772  there  were  twelve  members;  four  preachers 
were  appointed  for  the  ensuing  year. 

177:!.     No  delegates  ;  twelve  members. 

1774.  Rev.  Henry  Crossley,  delegate  ;  fifteen  niern- 
bers  :  four  had  joined  by  letter,  one  by  baptism  and  one 
died.  The  church  this  year  is  called  "The  Stafford 
Church." 

177o.     Xo  delegates  ;  members  the  same. 

From  177o  there  are  no  returns  until  the  year  1800, 
when  five  members  are  reported. 

1V|>1.  Four  members,  one  having  died.  The  re- 
maining members  of  the  church  having  some  doubts  in 
their  minds  because  of  the  fewness  of  their  numbers, 
whether  they  exist  as  a  church  or  not,  it  is  the  sense  of 
this  Association  that  the  church  still  exists,  and  while 
they  rejoice  in  that  prosperity  which  has  lately  attended 
the  preaching  of  the  Gospel  among  them,  they  exort 
them  to  proceed  to  the  reception  of  members  and  the 
election  of  officers. 

1802.  Edward  Gennings  appointed  delegate ;  four 
baptized,  twenty  received  by  letter,  one  dead  ;  remaining, 
•27  members. 

1803.  Thirty-three  members. 

1804  Amos  Southard  and  Samuel  Grey,  delegates  ; 
31  member-. 

1805.  Samuel  Grey,  delegate  ;  74  members  ;  44  bap- 
tized ;  two  received  by  letter,  and  three  dismissed. 

1806.  Samuel  Grey    and   Edward    Gennings,  dele- 
-  ;  G9  members. 


406         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES 

Here  ends  the  record  of  this  church  in  the  Baptist 
Century  Book. 

It  will  be  seen  by  the  foregoing,  that  from  the 
outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary  war  this  society  seems  to 
have  shared  the  fate  of  so  many  others  in  that  eventful 
period,  being  virtually  broken  up  for  a  time.  Some  of 
its  principal  members  and  supporters  responded  to  their 
country's  call  ;  Reuben  F.  Randolph  became  a  captain  in 
the  militia,  his  sons  members  of  his  company ;  Lines 
Pano-burn,  who  we  presume  was  the  same  person  first 
elected  delegate,  was  killed  by  the  Refugees  within  sight 
of  the  church,  and  doubtless  others  were  among  the 
patriots  from  this  village,  who  did  military  service  during 
the  war,  particularly  in  guarding  against  marauding 
bands  of  Refugees  who  were  active  until  the  very  close 
of  the  Revolution. 

Rev.  Benjamin  Miller,  who  organized  the  church, 
belonged  to  Scotch  Plains,  where  he  labored  for  over 
thirty  years,  and  died  in  1781. 

For  the  items  relating  to  the  original  deed  of  the 
church  we  are  indebted  to  the  researches  of  the  late 
Samuel  H.  Shreve,  Esq. 

OTHER   BAPTIST    SOCIETIES. 

The  Baptist  Century  Book  says  that  "the  Baptist 
Church  of  Squan  and  Dover "  was  received  into  the 
Baptist  Association  in  October,  1805,  and  the  same  year 
Samuel  Haven  was  delegate,  and  the  society  had  thirty- 
eight  members.  In  1807  Samuel  Haven  was  again 
delegate;  forty-five  members. 

In  Gordon's  History  of  New  Jersey,  it  is  stated  that 
a  Baptist  Societ}-  was  established  at  West  Creek  in  1792, 
which  had,  about  1832,  thirty-tln-ee  members.  [This  is 
believed  to  have  been  in  Cape  May  county.  J 

ISLAND  HEIGHTS. 


Island  Heights,  near  Toms  River,  was  selected  for  a 
Summer  resort  by  Rev.  Dr.  Graw,  who  conceived  the  notion 


ISLAM'    III. [CUTS.  K)7 

that  a  camp  ground  Dear  the  Bea  ought  to  be  found  some- 
where in  tliiss.-ctii.il.  Being  Presiding  Klder,  he  traveled 
alongshore  looking  for  a  favorable  spot.  At  length  he 
noticed  what  was  formerly  known  as  Dillon's  Island ;  the 
location  pleased  him  and  he  invited  a  few  ministers  and 
laymen  t.»  go  with  him  and  examine  the  site.  All  were 
please. 1.  He  proposed  that  25  it  :!ii  persons  unite  as 
stockholders,  buy  the  tract  ami  proceed  to  develop  it  for 
tli.'  purpose  of  a  cam])  meeting  ground  and  Summer 
resort.  His  plan  was  agreed  to,  the  laud  purchased,  and 
the  company  incorporated  July  1,  1878.  The  director- 
chosen  were  :  J.  B.  Graw,  S.  Vansant,  G.  H.  Morris.  ( '. 
E.  Hendriekson  and  J.  G.  Gowdy.  Rev.  Dr.  J.  B.  Graw 
was  chosen  President,  "W.  W.  MofTett,  Vice  President ;  G. 
Pi.  Morris,  Secretary,  S.  Vansant,  Treasurer,  and  John 
Simpson,  Superintendent.  The  certificate  of  incorpora- 
tion, dated  July  1,  1878,  was  filed  July  2.  1878.  Capital, 
$9,000;  share..  |50.  The  Rev.  J.  B.  Graw  took  102 
shares,  amounting  to  $5,100,  and  the  following  subscribers 
six  shares  of  $300  each  :  Chas.  E.  Hendriekson,  Mount 
Holly  :  G.  K.  Morris.  Mount  Holly  ;  Geo.  B.  Wight,  Cam- 
den :  Samuel  Vansant,  Toms  Biver  ;  Geo.  L.  Dobbins, 
Bridgeton ;  Joshua  Jeffries,  Camden  ;  Annanias  Lawrence, 
Millville,  George  Beed,  Absecon ;  Ralph  B.  Gowdy. 
Toms  Biver  ;  Jas.  G.  Gowdy,  Toms  River ;  David  H. 
Schock,  Millville  ;  Geo.  H.  Neal,  Gloucester  City  ;  James 
M.  Cassidy,  Camden;  amounting  in  all  to  $9,000. 

At  this  time  there  were  172  acres  in  the  tract 
proper,  154  acres  bought  of  Mrs.  A.  S.  Brinley  and  18 
acres  of  the  Westray  estate.  Work  was  commenced  at 
once  ;  underbrush  removed  from  about  ten  acres  ;  two 
avenues  partly  opened  :  a  pavilion  built ;  seats  arranged  for 
camp  ground;  thirty  camp  meeting  cottages  erected  and 
a  hotel  commenced ;  a  wharf  erected,  and  yachts  and 
hacks  chartered  to  take  visitors  to  and  fro.  In  August  a 
camp  meeting  was  held  ;  on  the  20th  of  August  one  hun- 
dred lots  were  sold,  bringing  810,000,  all  of  which  went 
for  improvements. 

The  Pennsylvania  Railroad  built  a  branch  from  their 


408         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

main  line  from  Camden  to  Seaside  Park  to  Island 
Heights  in  the  Summer  of  1883. 

Island  Heights  takes  its  name  from  two  sources  ;  it 
originally  was  an  island  and  vessels  once  sailed  through 
a  channel  which  existed  on  the  north  side.  It  is  situated 
by  a  steep  bluff  sixty  feet  above  the  river.  It  was  origi- 
nally known  as  Dr.  Johnson's  island,  being  included  in 
the  patent  granted  to  him  in  1G80.  The  next  century  it 
was  known  as  Dillon's  island,  so  called  before  the  Revo- 
lution, probably  for  James  Dillon,  a  somewhat  promi- 
nent man  about  Toms  River.  It  came  into  possession  of 
John  Imlay  of  Allentown,  who,  in  1794,  sold  it  to  Isaac 
Gulick.  In  1797  Isaac  Gulick  and  wife  Abigail  sold  it 
to  Abraham  and  George  Parker.  In  1799  they  sold  it 
to  Abel  Middleton  of  Upper  Freehold. 

A  saw-mill  was  built  on  the  stream  from  Long 
swamp,  which  in  1760  and  thereabouts,  was  known  as 
Jacob  Jacobs'  saw-mill. 

Tradition  says  that  during  the  Revolution  Indian 
Tom  had  his  wigwam  on  what  is  now  Island  Heights. 

At  the  time  of  the  whites  first  coming  to  this  part  of 
New  Jersey,  the  vicinity  of  Island  Heights  was  a  resort 
for  the  Indians  and  they  left  behind  them  a  memento 
which  was  noted  among  the  whites  for  perhaps  a  century. 
This  was  the  resemblance  of  the  face  of  some  large  crea- 
ture on  the  south  side  of  a  huge  whiteoak  which  was 
two  feet  in  diameter,  cut  by  the  Indians ;  the  tree  was 
also  marked  on  other  sides.  The  location  of  this  tree  is 
thus  described  in  a  survey  for  189  acres,  to  Ebenezer 
Applegate,  made  in  1750 ;  his  beginning  corner  is 
described  as  "one  chain  northeast  fioni  Dr.  Johnson's 
Long  Swamp,  the  stream  whereof  runs  into  Toms  River 
at  the  end  of  Dr.  Johnson's  Island,  beginning  at  a  white- 
oak  near  two  feet  through,  marked  in  several  places  and 
on  the  south  side  with  the  resemblance  of  the  face  of 
some  large  creature,  supposed  to  have  been  done  formerly 
by  the  Indians." 

This  whiteoak  must  have  stood  near  the  north-west 
corner  of  the  island.     This   tree   is  referred  to  as  late  as 


METHODISM  IN  OCEAN  COUNTY.  409 

17*.*:!,  in  ;i  survey  of  Kenneth  Hankinson  and  Matthew 
Howell. 

If  this  curious  face  was  made  with  reference  to  the 
religious  belief  and  worship  of  the  Indians,  as  it  prob- 
ably was,  it  is  suggestive  of  the  great  contrast  between 
the  worship  at  Island  Heights  now  and  at  the  same 
place  two  centuries  ago. 

The  capital  of  the  Island  Heights  Association  was 
increased  in  April,  1880,  when  $21,000  was  added  to  the 
original  amount. 

The  Island  Heights  Hotel  Association  was  incorpo- 
rated January  19, 1888.  Capital  $50,000.  Incorporators, 
Thomas  D.  Dilkes,  Mary  Tudor,  William  F.  Lodge,  John 
F.  Vogle,  Jr.,  and  Howard  D.  Vansant. 

The  corner-stone  of  the  First  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church  of  Island  Heights  was  laid  August  29,  1882.  The 
ceremonies  were  conducted  by  Rev.  J.  B.  Graw,  assisted 
by  Revs.  A.  Lawrence,  S.  Thackera,  J.  O'Hara  and  John 
Simpson. 

The  church  was  dedicated  August  17,  1884.  Rev.  W: 
W.  Moffit,  presiding  elder,  preached  the  sermon,  Rev. 
Joseph  Sawn  was  the  pastor. 

The  edifice  was  thirty  by  fifty  feet,  surmounted  by  a 
cupola.  It  seated  three  hundred  persons  and  the  Sunday 
School  room  attached,  seated  one  hundred. 

METHODISM  IN  OCEAN  COUNTY. 


The  first  Methodists  in  Ocean  county  held  their 
meetings  in  the  old  Potter  Church  at  Goodluck.  In  the 
dark  days  of  the  history  of  Methodism,  when  it  not 
only  met  with  opposition  from  other  societies  on  account 
of  difference  in  religious  views,  but  also  when  during  the 
Revolution,  their  enemies  unjustly  charged  them  with 
being  in  sympathy  with  Great  Britain,  and  would  allow 
them  to  hold  meetings  in  but  few  places,  the  old  Good- 
luck  Church  was  always  open  to  them,  and  the  people  of 
this  vicinity  gave  its  preachers  a  welcome  which  they 
rarely  met  with  elsewhere. 


410  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

It  is  probable  that  the  pioneers  of  Methodism  visi- 
ted our  county  within  a  very  few  years  after  the  princi- 
ples of  the  society  were  first  proclaimed  in  America,  and 
that  occasionally  some  preacher  would  hold  forth  in  one 
of  the  free  churches,  in  school  houses  or  in  private 
houses,  possibly  as  early  as  1774.  Rev.  William  Watters, 
the  first  itinerant  of  American  birth,  was  stationed  in  our 
State  in  1774,  and  it  is  possible  that  he  and  the  noted 
Capt.  Thomas  Webb,  of  Pemberton,  (then  New  Mills,) 
may  have  visited  this  section.  That  zealous,  self-sacri- 
ficing minister  of  the  Gospel,  Rev.  Benjamin  Abbott,  is 
the  first  preacher  who  speaks  positively  of  visiting  this 
vicinity,  though  before  his  visit  which  was  in  1778,  it  is 
probable  that  some  if  not  all  the  following  named,  may 
have  preached  here,  viz :  Capt.  Thomas  Webb,  Revs. 
Philip  Gatch,  Caleb  B.  Pedicord,  Wm.  Watters,  John  King, 
Daniel  Ruff  and  Wm.  Duke.  From  that  time  up  to  the 
year  1800,  the  names  of  preachers  assigned  to  this  part  of 
the  State  is  given  in  the  "History  of  Methodism  in  New 
Jersey."  During  the  first  thirty  years  of  the  present 
century,  among  the  most  noted  preachers  in  this  section 
were  Revs.  Sylvester  and  Robert  Hutchinson,  Ezekiel 
Cooper,  Charles  Pitman  and  Geo.  A.  Raybold.  Rev. 
William  Watters,  above  mentioned  as  the  first  itinerant 
of  American  birth,  who  was  located  in  our  State  in  1774, 
published  in  1807  an  account  of  his  labors  here  and 
elsewhare. 

THE    FIRST    METHODIST    CHURCH. 

The  first  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  at  Toms 
River  was  built  in  1828,  and  dedicated  in  the  month  of 
November  of  that  year.  Revs.  B.  Weed  and  J.  MeLaurin 
were  the  preachers  on  the  circuit,  which  was  then  a  part 
of  Pemberton  circuit.  The  building  was  24  by  30  feet, 
with  one  aisle  and  open  back  seats.  It  was  never 
painted  and  had  but  one  coat  of  plaster.  It  cost  $740.7*. 
It  was  free  for  anybody  of  orthodox  Christians  to 
worship  in,  when  not  occupied  by  the  Methodists.  The 
building  was  situated  on  Hooper  Avenue,  in  the  grave- 
yard, opposite  the  present  location  of  the  church.     After 


THE    BATTLE   OF   MONMOUTH.  411 

thirty  years  of  service  as  a  house  of  worship,  il  was 
moved  to  the  north-west  corner  of  Hooper  Avenue  and 
Water  street,  where  it  now  stands,  and  is  occupied  as  a 
dwelling. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  MONMOUTH. 


As  everything  of  an  authentic  character  relating  to 
the  memorable  Battle  of  Monmouth  is  of  abiding  interest, 
the  following  additional  accounts  are  given  of  that  great 
event : 

colonel  john  laueens'  account. 

Headquakters,  Englishtown,  ) 
30th  June,  1778.      j 

My  Dear  Father  : 

I  was  exceedingly  chagrined  that  public  business 
prevented  my  writing  to  you  from  the  field  of  battle, 
when  the  General  sent  his  despatches  to  Congress.  The 
delay,  however,  will  be  attended  with  this  advantage, 
that  I  will  be  better  able  to  give  you  an  account  of  the 
enemy's  loss  ;  tho'  I  must  now  content  myself  with  a 
very  succinct  relation  of  this  affair.  The  situation  of 
the  two  armies  on  Sunday  was  as  follows  :  General  Wash- 
ington, with  the  main  body  of  our  army,  was  at  four 
miles  distant  from  Englishtown.  General  Lee,  with  a 
chosen  advanced  corps,  was  at  that  town.  The  enemy 
were  retreating  down  the  road  which  leads  to  Middle- 
town  ;  their  flying  army  composed  (as  it  was  said),  of  two 
battalions  of  British  grenadiers,  one  Hessian  grenadiers, 
one  battalion  of  light  infantry,  one  regiment  of  guards, 
two  brigades  of  foot,  one  regiment  of  dragoons  and  a 
number  of  mounted  and  dismounted  Jagers.  The 
enemy's  rear  was  preparing  to  leave  Monmouth  village, 
which  is  six  miles  from  this  place,  when  our  advanced 
corps  was  marching  towards  them.  The  militia  of  the 
country  kept  up  a  random  running  fire  with  the  Hessian 
Jagers  ;  no  mischief  was  done  on  either  side.  I  was  with 
a  small  party  on  horse,  reconnoitering  the  enemy  in  an 
open   space    before    Monmouth,  when   I   perceived   two 


412   '     HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

parties  of  the  enemy  advancing  by  files  in  the  woods  on 
our  right  and  left,  with  a  view,  as  I  imagined,  of  envel- 
oping our  small  party  or  preparing  a  way  for  a  skirmish 
of  their  horse.  I  immediately  wrote  an  account  of  what 
I  had  seen  to  the  General,  and  expressed  my  anxiety  on 
account  of  the  languid  appearance  of  the  continental 
troops  under  General  Lee.  Some  person  in  the  mean- 
time reported  to  General  Lee  that  the  enemy  were 
advancing  upon  us  in  two  columns,  and  I  was  informed 
that  he  had,  in  consequence,  ordered  Varnum's  brigade, 
which  was  in  front,  to  repass  a  bridge  which  it  had 
passed.  I  went  myself  and  assured  him  of  the  real 
state  of  the  case  ;  his  reply  to  me  was,  that  his  accounts 
had  been  so  contradictory,  that  he  was  utterly  at  a  loss  what 
part  to  take.  I  repeated  my  account  to  him  in  positive, 
distinct  terms,  and  returned  to  make  further  discoveries. 
I  found  that  the  two  parties  had  been  withdrawn  from 
the  wood,  and  that  the  enemy  were  preparing  to  leave 
Monmouth.  I  wrote  a  second  time  to  General  Washing- 
ton. General  Lee  at  length  gave  orders  to  advance. 
The  enem}7  were  forming  themselves  on  the  Middletown 
road,  with  their  Light  Infantry  in  front,  and  Cavalry  on 
the  left  flank,  while  a  scattering  distant  fire  was  com- 
menced between  our  flanking  parties  and  theirs.  I  was 
impatient  and  uneasy  at  seeing  that  no  disposition  was 
made,  and  endeavored  to  find  General  Lee  to  inform 
him  of  what  was  doing,  and  to  know  what  was  his  dispo- 
sition. He  told  me  that  he  was  going  to  order  some 
troops  to  march  below  the  enemy  and  cut  off  their 
retreat.  Two  pieces  of  artillery  were  posted  on  our  right 
without  a  single  loot  soldier  to  support  them.  Our  men 
were  formed  piecemeal  in  front  of  the  enemy,  and  there 
appeared  to  !>,•  no  general  plan  or  disposition  calculated 
on  that  of  the  enemy,  the  nature  of  the  ground,  or  any 
of  the  other  principles  which  generally  govern  in  these 
cases. 

The  enemy  began  a  cannonade  from  two  parts  of 
their  line;  their  whole  body  of  horse  made  a  furious 
charge  upon  a  small  party  of  our  cavalry  and  dispirited 


THE   BATTLE   OF    MONMOUTH.  -413 

ami  drove  them,  until  the  appearance  'it'  our  infantry  and 
a  judicious  discharge  or  two  of  artillery  made  them  retire 
precipitately.  Three  regiments  of  ours  that  had 
advanced  in  a  plain  open  country  towards  the  enemy's 
left  flank,  were  ordered  by  General  Lee  to  retire  and 
occupy  the  village  of  Mourn  >uth.  They  were  no  sooner 
formed  there  than  they  were  ordered  to  quit  that  post 
and  gain  the  woods.  One  order  succeeded  another  with 
a  rapidity  and  indecision  calculated  to  ruin  us.  The 
enemy  had  changed  their  front  and  were  advancing  in 
full  march  toward  us:  our  men  were  fatigued  with  the 
'•\n-ssive  heat.  The  artillery  horses  were  not  in  con- 
dition to  make  a  brisk  retreat.  A  new  position  was 
ordered,  but  not  generally  communicated,  for  part 
of  the  troops  were  forming  oa  ths  right  of  the 
ground,  while  others  were  marching  away,  and  all 
the  artillery  driving  off.  The  enemy,  after  a  short 
halt,  resumed  their  pursuit;  no  cannon  was  left  t<> 
check  their  progress.  A  regiment  was  ordered 
to  form  behind  a  fence,  aid  as  speedily  com- 
manded to  retire.  All  this  disgraceful  retreating  passed 
without  the  firing  of  a  musket,  over  ground  which  might 
have  been  disputed  inch  by  inch.  We  passed  a  defile 
and  arrived  at  an  eminence  beyond,  which  was  defended 
on  one  hand  by  an  impracticable  fen,  on  the  other  by  a 
thick  wool  where  our  m3U  would  have  fought  to  advan- 
tage. Here,  fortunately  for  the  honor  of  the  army,  and 
the  welfare  of  America,  General  Washington  met  the 
troops  retreating  in  disorder,  and  without  any  plan  to 
make  an  opposition.  He  ordered  some  pieces  of  artil- 
lery to  be  brought  up  to  defend  the  pass,  and  some 
troops  to  form  and  defend  the  pieces.  The  artillery  was 
too  distant  to  be  brought  up  readily,  so  that  there  was 
but  little  opposition  given  here.  A  few  shots,  though,  and 
a  little  skirmishing  in  the  wood  checked  the  enemy- 
career.  The  General  expressed  his  astonishment  at  this 
unaccountable  retreat.  Mr.  Lee  indecently  replied  that 
the  attack  was  contrary  to  his  advice  and  opinion  in 
council.     We  were  obliged  to  retire  to  a  position,  which, 


414  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

though  hastily  reconnoitered  proved  an  excellent  one. 
Two  regiments  were  formed  behind  a  fence,  in  front  of 
the  position.  The  enemy's  horse  advanced  in  full  charge 
with  admirable  bravery  to  the  distance  of  forty  paces, 
when  a  general  discharge  from  these  two  regiments  did 
execution  among  them,  and  made  them  fly  with  the 
greatest  precipitation.  The  grenadiers  succeeded  to  the 
attack.  At  this  time  my  horse  was  killed  under  me.  In 
this  spot  the  action  was  hottest,  and  there  was  consider- 
ble  slaughter  of  British  grenadiers.  The  General  or- 
dered Woodford's  brigade  with  some  artillery  to  take 
possession  of  an  eminence  on  the  enemy's  left,  and  can- 
nonade from  thence.  This  produced  an  excellent  effect. 
The  enemy  were  prevented  from  advancing  on  us  and 
confined  themselves  to  cannonade,  with  a  show  of 
turning  our  left  flank.  Our  artillery  answered  theirs 
with  the  greatest  vigor.  The  General  seeing  that  our 
left  flank  was  secure,  as  the  ground  was  open  and  com- 
manded by  us,  so  that  the  enemy  could  not  attempt  to 
turn  it  without  exposing  their  own  flank  to  a  heavy  fire 
from  our  artillery,  and  causing  to  pass  in  review  before 
us  the  force  employed  in  turning  us.  In  the  meantime, 
General  Lee  continued  retreating.  Baron  Steuben  was 
ordered  to  form  the  broken  troops  in  the  rear.  The  can- 
nonade was  incessant  and  the  General  ordered  parties 
to  advance  from  time  to  time,  to  engage  the  British 
grenadiers  and  guards.  The  horse  showed  themselves 
no  more.  The  grenadiers  showed  their  backs  and 
retreated  everywhere  with  precipitation.  They  returned, 
however,  again  to  the  charge,  and  were  again  repulsed. 
They  finally  retreated  and  got  over  the  strong  pass, 
where,  as  I  mentioned  before,  General '  Washington  first 
rallied  the  troops.  We  advanced  in  force,  and  continued 
masters  of  the  ground :  the  standards  of  liberty  were 
planted  in  triumph  on  the  field  of  battle.  We  remained 
looking  at  each  other  with  the  defile  between  us,  till 
dark,  and  they  stole  off  in  silence  at  midnight.  We  have 
buried  of  the  enemy's  slain,  233,  principally  of  grena- 
diers ;   forty    odd  of    their    wounded    whom  they  left  at 


THE    BATTLE   OF    MONMOUTH.  H5 

Monmouth,  fell  into  our  bands.  Several  officers  are  our 
prisoners.  Among  their  killed  are  Col.  Moncton,  a  cap- 
tain of  the  guards,  and  several  captains  i  >f  the  grenadiers. 
We  have  taken  a  very  inconsiderable  number  of  pris- 
oners, for  want  of  a  good  body  of  horse.  Deserters  are 
coming  in  as  usual.  Our  officers  and  men  behaved  with 
that  bravery  which  becomes  freemen,  and  have  con- 
vinced the  world  that  they  can  beat  British  grenadiers. 
To  name  any  one  in  particular  would  be  a  kind  of 
injustice  to  the  rest.  There  are  some,  however,  who 
came  more  immediately  under  my  view,  whom  I  can 
nn-ntion  that  you  may  know  them.  B.  General  Wayne, 
Col.  Barber.  Col.  Stewart,  Col.  Livingston,  Col.  Oswald, 
of  the  artillery.  Capt.  Doughty,  deserve  well  of  their 
country,  and  distinguished  themselves  nobly. 

The  enemy  buried  many  of  their  dead  that  are  not 
accounted  for  above,  and  carried  off  a  great  number  of 
wounded.  I  have  written  diffusely,  and  yet  I  have  not 
told  you  all.  General  Lee,  I  think,  must  be  tried  for 
misconduct.  However,  this  is  a  matter  not  generally 
known,  though  it  seems  almost  universally  wished  for.  I 
■would  beg  you,  my  dear  father,  to  say  nothing  of  it. 
You  will  oblige  me  much  by  excusing  me  to  Mr.  Drayton 
for  not  writing  to  him.  I  congratulate  you,  my  dear 
father,  upon  this  seasonable  victory,  and  am  ever, 
Tour  most  dutiful  and  affectionate, 

John  Laurens. 
The  Honorable  Henry  Laurens,  Esq. 

We  have  no  returns  of  our  loss  as  yet.  The  propor- 
tion on  the  field  of  battle  appeared  but  small.  We  have 
many  good  officers  wounded. 

ANOTHER    ACCOUNT. 

GENERALS    WAYNE    AND    SCOTT    TO    GEN.    WASHINGTON. 

Exglishtown,  30th  June,  1778. 

Sir  :  We  esteem  it  a  duty  which  we  owe  to  our  coun- 
try, ourselves  and  the  officers  and  soldiers  under  our 
command,  to  state  the  following  facts  to  your  Excellency  : 

On  the  28th  instant,  at  five  o'clock  in  the  morning  we 
received  orders  to  march  with  the  following  detachments. 


-Ill)  HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

namely,  Scott's  and  Varnum's  brigades,  Colonels  Butler 
and  Jackson  in  front,  amounting  to  seventeen  hundred 
men;  Colonels  Wesson,  Livingston  and  Stewart,  with 
one  thousand  men,  commanded  by  General  Wayne;  a 
select  detachment  of  fourteen  hundred  men,  rank  and 
file,  under  General  Scott,  with  ten  pieces  of  artillery 
properly  distributed  among  the  whole. 

About  eight  o'clock,  the  van  under  Col.  Butler  arrived 
on  the  left  of  Monmouth  Court  House,  on  the  rear  of  the 
left  flank  of  the  enemy,  who  were  in  full  march,  moving  in 
great  haste  and  confusion.  At  this  time  our  main  body 
under  General  Lee,  were  formed  at  the  edge  of  a  wood 
about  half  a  mile  distant  from  the  Court  House.  Gen- 
eral Wayne,  who  was  in  front  reconnoitering  the  enemy, 
perceiving  that  they  had  made  a  halt  and  were  prepar- 
ing to  push  Colonel  Butler  with  their  horse  and  a  few 
foot,  gave  direction  for  him  to  form  and  receive  them, 
and  at  the  same  time  sent  Major  Byles  to  General  Lee, 
requesting  that  those  troops  might  be  advanced  to  sup- 
port those  in  front,  and  for  the  whole  to  form  on  the 
edge  <>f  a  deep  morass,  which  extends  from  the  east  of 
the  Court  House  on  the  right  a  very  considerable  dis- 
tance to  the  left.  The  troops  did  arrive  in  about  an  hour 
after  the  requisition,  and  were  generally  formed  in  this 
position. 

About  the  same  time  General  Scott's  detachment 
had  passed  the  morass  on  the  left,  and  the  enemy's 
horse  and  foot  that  had  charged  Colonel  Butler,  were 
repulsed.  The  number  of  the  enemy  now  in  view 
might  be  near  two  thousand,  though  at  first  not  more 
than  five  hundred  exclusive  of  their  horse.  The  ground 
we  now  occupied  was  the  best  formed  by  nature  for 
defence,  of  an}*  perhaps  in  the  country.  The  enemy 
advanced  with  caution,  keeping  at  a  considerable  dis- 
tance in  front.  General  Scott,  having  viewed  the  posi- 
tion o:  the  enemy,  as  well  as  the  ground  where  about 
twenty-five  hundred  of  our  troops  were  formed,  re- 
passed the  morass  and  took  post  on  the  left,  in  a  fine  open 
wood,  covered  by  said  morass  in  front. 


THE    BATTLE   OF    MONMOUTH.  117 

Whilst  this  was  doing,  Genera]  Wayne,  perceiving 
that  the  troops  on  the  right  from  the  wood  to  the  Court 
House  were  retreating,  sent  General  Fishbourn  to  Gen- 
eral L"e.  requesting  that  the  troops  might  return  to  sup- 
port him.  In  the  interim  General  "Wayne  repassed  the 
morass,  leaving  Colonel  Butler's  regiment  to  keep  post 
on  the  right  flank  of  the  enemy.  Generals  Scott  ami 
Wayne  then  went  together  along  the  morass  to  the  Court 
House,  when  Major  Fishbourn  returned  and  said  that 
General  Lee  gave  no  other  answer  than  that  he  would 
see  General  Waj  ne  himself,  which  he  never  did.  The 
enemy  having  now  an  opening  on  the  right  of  General 
Scott  began  to  move  on,  when  General  "Wayne  and  Gen- 
eral Scott  sent  to  General  Lee  to  request  him  at  least  to 
form,  to  favor  General  Scott's  retreat,  but  this  requisi- 
tion met  with  the  same  fate  as  the  last.  The  troops  kept 
still  retreating,  when  General  Scott,  perceiving  that  he 
would  not  be  supported,  filed  off  to  the  left.  General 
"Wayne  ordered  Colonel  Butler  to  fall  back  also.  Thus 
were  these  several  select  detachments  unaccountably 
drawn  off  without  being  suffered  to  come  to  action,  al- 
though we  had  the  most  pleasant  prospect  from  our 
number  and  position,  of  obtaining  the  most  glorious  and 
decisive  victory.  After  this,  we  fortunately  fell  in  with 
your  Excellency.  You  ordered  us  to  form  part  of  those 
troops,  whose  conduct  and  bravery  kept  the  enemy  in 
play  until  you  had  restored  order. 

We  have  taken  the  liberty  of  stating  these  facts  in 
order  to  convince  the  world  that  our  retreat  from  the 
Court  House  was  not  occasioned  by  the  want  of  numbers, 
position,  or  wishes  of  both  officers  and  men  to  maintain 
that  post.  We  also  beg  leave  to  mention  that  no  plan  of 
attack  was  ever  communicated  to  us,  or  notice  of  a  re- 
treat, until  it  had  taken  place  in  our  rear,  as  we  sup- 
posed by  General  Lee's  order.     We  are,  Arc, 

Anthony  Wayne. 

Charles  Scott. 


418  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

INLETS. 


On  account  of  Barnegat  Inlet  being  at  tlie  lower  end 
of  the  bay  and  the  distance  vessels  from  the  head  of  the 
bay  have  to  sail  to  get  out  to  sea,  the  need  of  an  outlet 
nearer  the  head  of  the  bay  is  seriously  felt. 

While  Cranbury  Inlet  was  opened  it  afforded  great 
facilities  for  vessels  to  trade  in  and  out  of  the  bay.  As 
this  inlet  is  laid  down  on  a  map  of  1755  (Lewis  Evans)  it 
is  probable  that  it  was  opened — broke  out  from  1750  to 
1755.  It  was  closed  about  1812.  During  the  war  of  the 
Revolution  it  was  much  used.  The  question  of  the 
exact  year  when  this  inlet  was  opened  has  been  in  litiga- 
tion in  our  County  Courts  in  a  question  involving  title  to 
land  on  the  beach  in  its  vicinity ;  no  decisive  information 
was  obtained  upon  trial. 

Two  or  three  attempts  have  been  made  to  open 
inlets  towards  the  head  of  the  bay.  One  by  a  man 
named  Ortley  about  1821 ;  after  working  a  long  time 
(three  or  four  }rears,  I  have  heard  it  said,)  and  spending 
much  money  on  the  effort,  he  finished  the  work  one  set 
day ;  and  that  evening  he  and  his  friends  had  a  merry 
time  drinking  and  rejoicing  over  the  completion  of  the 
work.  But  a  sad  disappointment  awaited  them  in  the 
morning,  for  the  running  tide,  instead  of  working  the 
inlet  deeper,  had  made  a  bulkhead  of  sand  and  the  inlet 
was  soon  filled  up. 

Another  effort  was  completed  about  July  4,  1847. 
A  large  number  of  men  (about  three  hundred),  under  the 
supervision  of  Anthony  Ivins,  Jr.,  worked  about  three 
days  to  open  one  opposite  Toms  River ;  when  they 
opened  it  it  was  at  high  water  in  the  bay  and  low  water 
outside  ;  they  expected  the  running  tide  would  work  the 
inlet  deeper,  but  they,  too,  were  doomed  to  disappoint- 
ment, as  the  tides  immediately  filled  it  up  with  sand, 
again. 

Barnegat  Inlet  is  continually  slowly  shifting  and 
changing,  and  always  has  been  from  our  earliest  accounts. 


SALT    WORKS.  419 

Six  or  seven  years  ago  the  old  lighthouse  washed 
into  the  sea,  but  a  aew  building  had  already  been  built 
in  anticipation  of  this  event. 

Shrewsbury  Inlet  (Monmouth  county)  opened  in 
1778  and  closed  in  1800.  In  1830  it  opened  again,  but 
was  again  closed  some  thirty  years  ago. 

At  Little  Egg  Harbor  a  new  inlet  broke  through 
Tucker's  Beach  about  the  year  1800  and  Brigantine 
Inlet  closed  up. 

SALT  WORKS. 


During  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  salt  works  were 
quite  numerous  along  Barnegat  Bay ;  two  or  three  at 
Barnegat,  Newdin's  at  Waretown,  Brown's  at  Forked 
River,  and  one  or  two  Government  works  near  Toms  River 
being  among  the  number. 

From  the  following  items  it  would  seem  that  off 
Toms  River  the  State  of  Pennsylvania  had  salt  works 
and  also  that  there  was  one  there  built  by  Congress. 

In  the  Pennsylvania  Council  of  Safety,  Nov.  2,  1776, 
it  was 

"  Hesolved,  That  an  officer  and  twenty-five  men  be 
sent  to  the  salt  works  at  Toms  River  (erected  by  this 
State  in  Toms  River,  N.  J.)  as  a  guard,  and  twenty-five 
spare  muskets  and  two  howitzers  and  a  sufficient  quan- 
tity of  ammunition  to  defend  in  case  of  attack." 

In  Continental  Congress,  1776,  the  President  of 
Congress  "  was  requested  to  write  to  Gov.  Livingston  of 
New  Jersey,  for  two  companies  of  militia  to  guard  salt 
works  near  Toms  River." 

Mention  of  Government  salt  works  near  Toms  River 
is  occasionally  met  with  in  ancient  deeds  an  1  of  a  wind- 
mill connected  therewith. 

During  the  war  nearly  all  the  salt  works  along  our 
bay  were  either  destroyed  by  the  British  or  by  storms, 
('some  notice  of  which  will  hereafter  be  given.)  Those 
destroyed  by  storms  appear  to  have  been  built  up  again. 

I  know  of  no  salt  works  along  our  coast  of  late  years, 


■420  HISTORY    OF  MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

except  at  Absecou  (Atlantic  county),  some  fifteen  or 
twenty  years  ago,  which  probably  was  not  much  used 
then. 

Iu  the  New  Jersey  Gazette,  July,  1778,  is  a  notice 
from  the  Board  of  Proprietors,  signed  James  Parker. 
President,  calling  upon  owners  of  salt  works  along  the 
bay,  who  wish  to  buy  wood  of  them  from  their  outlands, 
to  meet  them  at  Freehold  in  August  and  they  would 
dispose  of  it  in  parcels  near  salt  works. 

CHAKACTEE  OF  THE  REFUGEES. 


GOV.  LIVTNGSTON  s    DESCRIPTION   AND   GALLOWAYS   TESTIMONY. 


It  must  not  be  supposed  that  evils  inflicted  by  the 

refugees  upon  our  ancestors  were  such  evils  as  are 
usually  incident  to  war.  Our  ancestors  suffered  these 
in  addition.  It  is  not  probable  that  all  who  were  called 
Jersey  Refugees  were  native  Jerseymen  ;  too  many  were, 
it  is  true,  but  the  thrift  and  industry  of  the  inhabitants  of 
old  Monmouth,  which  county  at  one  time  was  the  richest 
in  the  State,  the  advantage  of  deep  swamps  and  forests 
for  hiding,  the  proximity  of  Raritan  Bay,  and  the  sea- 
board rendering  it  convenient  to  send  plunder  to  New 
York,  all  formed  attractions  to  villains  from  other  places 
— villains  whose  chief  object  was  plunder,  often  robbing 
Tories  as  well  as  Whigs,  who  scrupled  at  no  crime  to 
obtain  booty,  at  no  outrage  to  gratify  revenge.  Their 
character  is  clearly  set  forth  in  the  following  extracts 
one  from  a  Whig,  the  other  from  a  Tory  : 

Said  Gov.  Livingston,  in  his  message  to  our  Legisla- 
ture in  1777 : 

"  The  Royalists  have  plundered  friends  as  well  as 
foes;  effects  capable  of  division  they  have  divided; 
such  as  were  not,  they  have  destroyed.  They  have 
waived  on  decrepid  old  age  and  upon  defenceless  youth  ; 
they  have  committed  hostilities  agains't  the  professors  of 
literature  and  against  ministers  of  religion ;  against 
public  records  and  private  monuments,  books  of  improve- 


CHARACTER  OF  THE  REFUGEES.  1-1 

ments  and  papers  of  curiosity,  and  against  the  arts  and 
sciences.  They  have  butchered  the  wounded  when 
asking  for  quarter,  mangled  the  dead  while  weltering  in 
their  blood,  refused  to  the  dead  their  right  of  sepulture, 
suffered  prisoners  to  perish  for  want  of  sustenance, 
violated  the  chastity  of  women,  disfigured  private  dwell- 
ings of  taste  and  elegance,  and  in  the  rage  of  impiety  and 
barbarism  profaned  edifices  dedicated  to  Almighty 
GocL': 

The  following  is  the  testimony  of  Gallaway,  a  Penn- 
sylvania Tory  of  wealth  and  position,  who  at  first  was  a 
Whig  and  afterwards  turned  Tory,  and  had  property 
confiscated  to  the  amount  of  £40,000  sterling.  Speaking 
of  Refugee  outrages  he  says  : 

"  Respecting  indiscriminate  plunder,  it  is  known  to 
thousands." 

"  In  respect  to  the  rapes,  a  solemn  inquiry  was  made, 
and  affidavits  taken  by  which  it  appears  that  no  less  than 
twenty-three  were  committed  in  one  neighborhood  in 
New  Jersey,  some  of  them  on  married  women  in  presena 
of  their  husbands,  and  others  on  daughters,  while  the 
unhappy  parents  with  unavailing  tears  and  cries  could 
only  deplore  their  savage  brutality.'' 

After  reading  such  authoritative  statements  of  the 
character  of  these  wretches,  who  will  wonder  that  our 
ancestors  were  aroused,  determined  to  drive  them  from 
the  soil  they  polluted. 

Our  ancestors  in  old  Monmouth  did  all  that  was 
possible  for  brave  men  to  do  to  bring  these  villains  to 
justice.  Besides  those  hanged  and  killed  at  other  places, 
thirteen  were  hanged  on  one  gallows  near  Freehold  Court 
House. 

The  particulars  of  the  capture,  etc.,  of  several  of 
these  villains  in  Monmouth  is  extant,  but  not  necessary 
to  introduce  here,  as  they  are  given  in  some  modern 
works. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  the  Refugees  generally  went 
to  Nova  Scotia,  but  some  went  to  the  Bahamas  by  invita- 
tion of   General   Browne.     In  September  and   October, 


422  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

1782,  many  left  New  York  for  Halifax  and  the  Bahamas 
by  his  invitation. 

BACON — SUMMARY    OF   PRINCIPAL   OUTRAGES    BY   HIM. 

John  Bacon,  the  Refugee  leader,  bad  as  he  was,  yet 
probably  was  the  best  one  of  them  of  whom  we  have 
any  accounts.  In  the  previous  accounts  it  will  be  seen 
he  worked  at  Manahawkin  before  the  war  ;  was  engaged 
in  affairs  at  Cedar  Creek,  Manahawkin,  Forked  River  ; 
killed  Studson  at  Toms  River  or  Cranbury  Inlet,  killed 
Steelman,  Soper  and  others,  on  the  beach,  etc.  He 
plundered  also  the  house  of  Renben  Soper's  father, 
above  Barnegat,  and  when  shot,  had  on,  it  is  said,  a  shirt 
stolen  from  Soper.  The  day  before  he  was  killed  at 
West  Creek,  it  is  stated,  he  was  on  the  beach  aronnd  a 
wreck  and  being  very  officious  in  ordering  men  about, 
they  found  out  who  he  was  and  planned  to  trap  him  at 
night.  A  woman,  overhearing  it,  told  Bacon  and  he 
escaped  to  the  mainland  just  in  time  to  lie  at  Rose's 
house  when  Crookes'  party  came  up.  One  tradition 
differing  from  Governor  Fort's  statement,  says  he  begged 
for  quarters  and  held  up  the  table  before  him,  but  was 
shot  through  the  table.  Bacon's  wife,  it  is  said,  lived  at 
Pemberton  where  he  left  two  sons.     (See  elsewhere.) 

REVOLUTIONARY  REMINISCENCES. 


Colonel  Creiger,  of  the  American  schooner,  General 
Putnam,  cruised  in  and  out  of  Barnegat  five  days  about 
June,  1776. 

April,  1778.  About  the  first  of  this  month  the 
British  under  Captain  Robertson,  landed  at  Squan  with  a 
strong  force  and  destroyed  a  number  of  salt  works  on  the 
coast ;  one  building  (probably  the  one  near  Toms  River,) 
they  said,  belonged  to  Congress  and  cost  .£6,000.  The 
New  Jersey  Gazette  said  of  this  affair: 

"About  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  of  the  enemy 
landed  on  Sunday  last  about  ten  o'clock  on  the  south 
side  of  Squan  Inlet,  burnt  all  the  salt  works,  broke  the 
kettles,  etc.;  stripped  the  beds,  etc.,  of  some  people  there 


ALMOST    BANGED    I'.V    MISTAKE.  423 

who  I  fear  wished  fco  serve  them ;  then  crossed  the 
river  and  burnt  all  except  Derrick  Longstreet's.  After 
this  mischief  fchey  embarked.  The  next  day  they  landed 
at  Shark  River  and  set  fire  to  two  salt  works  when  they 
observed  fifteeen  horsemen  heave  in  sight  which  occa- 
sioned them  to  retreat  with  the  greatest  haste;  indeed 
they  jumped  into  their  rial  bottomed  boats  with  such  pre- 
cipitation they  siink  two  of  them.  One  of  the  pilots 
was  the  noted  Thomas  Oakerson.  The  enemy  consisted 
chiefly  of  Greens,  the  rest  Highlanders." 

The  owners  of  salt  works  along  our  coast  must  have 
experienced  a  streak  of  ill  luck  about  this  time,  as  a 
letter  in  the  New  Jersey  Gazette,  dated  April  1,  1778, 
says  :  "  The  late  storm  destroyed  many  of  the  small  salt 
works  along  our  shore  with  all  the  salt  in  them."  (The 
storm  here*  referred  to  must  have  been  of  unusual 
severity.  Some  accounts  relating  to  it  confirm  the  re- 
ports that  it  caused  many  shipwrecks  on  our  coast.) 

May  22,  1778.  A  British  vessel  with  a  cargo  of  Irish 
beef  and  pork  was  taken  by  Capt.  Anderson  and  sixteen 
men  in  an  armed  boat  and  brought  into  Toms  River. 
Several  other  prizes  about  this  time  were  sent  into  Ego- 
Harbor.  Twenty-one  prisoners  (13  from  these  vessels) 
were  sent  to  Trenton. — N.  J.  Gazette. 


ALMOST  HANGED  BY  MISTAKE. 


The  following  interesting  story  has  claims  to  be 
mentioned  in  annals  of  Ocean  county  as  Colvin,  men- 
tioned in  it,  lived  in  the  county  many  years,  and  it 
was  owing  to  a  citizen  of  our  county  that  the  man  referred 
to  was  not  hanged.  The  story  may  be  familiar  to  some, 
but  it  is  worth  repeating  : 

Two  brothers  named  Bowne,  and  a  brother-in-law 
named  Colvin,  living  in  Manchester,  Vermont,  got  into 
an  altercation  one  day  in  a  field,  and  the  brothers  beat 
Colvin  so  severely  with  hoes  that  he  fell  bleeding  pro- 
fusely, and  the  brothers  were  afraid  they  had  killed  him. 


424  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

The  brothers  at  night  went  to  look  after  Colvin's 
body,    but  it   had    mysteriously   disappeared,  much   to 

their  surprise.  The  Bownes  were  generally  suspected  of 
having  murdered  him,  but  nothing  was  done  until  some 
seven  years  afterward,  when  some  bones,  thought  to  be 
human  bones  (and  afterward  found  to  I33  sheep  bones)* 
were  found  partly  burned  ;  this  and  other  evidence  caused 
the  arrest  and  trial  of  the  Bownes.  One  was  sentenced  to 
be  hanged  and  the  other  sentenced  to  imprisonment  for 
life.  The  chief  evidence  was  a  confession  of  gnilt  by  the 
younger  Bowne  who  was  sentenced  to  prison,  though  the 
elder  stoutly  denied  the  accusation.  While  the  two 
brothers  were  in  jail  after  trial,  a  man  residing  at  Pol- 
hemus'  Mills,  Ocean  county,  happened  m  New  York  City 
and  met  with  a  paper  containing  an  account  of  the  trial  ; 
while  reading  it  he  became  convinced  that  the  man  said 
to  be  murdered  (Colvin)  resided  near  him  at  Polhemus' 
Mills,  with  Tabor  Chadwick.  He  sent  word  to  the  Ver- 
mont Sheriff,  who  came  on  privately  to  Polhemus'  Mills, 
identified  Colvin  and  took  him  back,  arriving  at  Man- 
chester only  the  night  before  the  day  appointed  for 
execution  of  the  elder  Bowne.  The  villagers  at  the  hotel 
were  earnestly  discussing  the  trial,  some  justifying  it, 
others  condemning  it,  as  no  dead  body  was  found,  and 
some  insisting  that  Colvin  would  yet  turn  up  alive. 
"While  thus  debating,  the  stag.;  drove  up  and  the  Sheriff* 
and  Colvin  got  out.  The  latter  was  instantly  recognized 
and  his  arrival  caused  the  most  intense  excitement ;  guns 
were  fired,  bells  were  rung  and  people  ran  through  the 
streets  crying,  "Colvin  has  come."  The  jailer,  upon 
refusing  to  liberate;  the  prisoners  without  Judges'  orders, 
was  brought  to  submit  by  a  cannon  planted  in  front  of 
the  jail.  The  younger  Bowne,  in  explanation,  said  he 
thought  they  really  had  killed  Colvin,  though  he  could  not 
account  for  the  disappearance  of  the  body,  and  he  was  told 
he  would  not  be  hanged  if  he  confessed.  Colvin,  always 
after  was  partially  insane,  and  returned  to  this  county 
where  he  died.  He  fancied  he  owned  everything  around 
him — otherwise  his  insanity  was  hardly  observable. 


THE    MURDERER,    I'll  BR    STOUT.  !'-"> 

There  are  people  in  Ocean  county,  ye\  living,  who 
remember  Colvin.  In  the  New  York  Tribum  (about 
L855  or  thereabouts,  I  believe,)  was  a  long  account  -two 
columns — of  this  Colvin  affair  taken  from  the  lips  of  one  of 
the  Bownes  last  living  -forty  years  after  the  trial.  I 
understand  the  case  is  reported  in  "  Greenleaf  s  Vermont 
Reports."     It  must    have    occurred  near  sixty  years  ago. 

THE  MURDERER,   PETER  STOUT. 


Since  the  Revolutionary  war  the  only  murder  Inow 
remember  of  having  been  committed  within  the  limits  of 
Ocean  county,  was  the  murder  of  a  lad  named  Thomas 
Williams,  by  Peter  Stout,  at  Goodluck.  The  lad  was 
driving  cattle  to  the  meadows  alone-  the  north  side  of 
Stout's  Creek  oue  morning  and  met  Stout  and  began  to 
ridicule  him,  calling  him  "  eelhead,"  etc.,  which  it  seems 
was  a  name  sometimes  applied  to  Stout.  Stout  let  the 
boy  pass  him  and  then  slyly  ran  up  behind  him  and 
struck  him  over  the  head  with  an  axe,  which  he  was  car- 
rying on  his  shoulder.  The  mother  of  the  boy,  anxious 
at  his  lone-  absence,  went  in  search  and  found  the  body. 
She  carried  it  home — a  distance  of  half  a  mile — but  was 
so  distracted  that  she  never  remembered  anything  from 
the  time  she  saw  the  body  until  she  came  to  her  senses 
at  home,  and  found  herself  rocking  the  lifeless  body.  An 
inquest  was  held  and  among  the  Coroner's  Jury  was 
Peter  Stout.  An  idea  is  often  current  in  various  places 
that  if  the  murderer  was  in  the  room,  and  touched  the 
body  with  his  fingers,  the  blood  would  start  afresh  from 
the  wounds  ;  this  was  started  here  and  all  the  Jurymen 
touched  the  body  except  Stout,  who  reached  out  his 
hand  part  way  then  jerked  it  back,  turned  on  his  heel  and 
went  off  whistling.  Some  blood  being  observed  on  his 
hand  he  said  he  had  been  killing  a  chicken.  He  was 
tried  at  Freehold,  found  guilty  and  hanged.  He  made  a 
confession  which  was  afterward  printed  in  pamphlet 
form.  His  body  was  buried  on  the  south  side  of  Stout's 
Creek. 


426  HISTOID    OF    .MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Very  many  people — and  among  them  relatives  of  the 
lad  Williams — opposed  the   hanging  of  Stout,  as  he  was 

'deficient  in  sense,  and  generally  thought  to  be  almost 
crazy  at  all  times.  The  spot  of  the  murder  is  still 
pointed  out  nearly  opposite  a  pathway  across  Stout's 
Creek.  This  murder  occurred  Nov.  19,  1802.  Young 
Williams  is  buried  in  Goodluck  graveyard.  The  follow- 
ing is  the  inscription  on  his  tombstone  : 

THOMAS     WILLIAMS. 

DIED  NOVEMBER  19,    lSII'J. 

Aged  14  years.  9  months  and  Is  days. 

INTERESTING  EVENTS. 


An  Inquisition  was  held  in  Monmouth  county  Aug. 
20,  1778,  to  inquire  into  charges  against  persons  disaf- 
fected, and  a  number  of  names  in  Monmouth  and  Ocean 
are  given  as  having  been  found  guilty.  The  Commis- 
sioners who  tried  the  charges  were  Samuel  Forman, 
Kenneth  Hankinson  and  Jacob  Wikoff. 

Oct.  14,  1778.  We  learn  that  on  Wednesday  last 
the  enemy  left  Egg  Harbor  after  burning  several  vessels 
and  houses  belonging  to  gentlemen  who  have  distin- 
guished themselves  by  their  attachment  to  the  American 
cause.  They  have,  it  is  said,  bent  their  course  towards 
Toms  River,  in  order  to  destroy  our  salt  works."  The 
burning  of  houses,  spoken  of  in  the  foregoing,  refers  to 
the  burning  of  Chestnut  Neck.  Atlantic  county,  when 
Pulaski's  guards  were  murdered. 

Vessels  of  the  enemy  would  occasionally  got  stranded 
on  our  beach  during  the  war,  as  in  the  following  instance  : 
•  Dec.  9,  1778.  We  learn  that  a  few  days  ago  a 
British  armed  vessel,  bound  from  Halifax  to  New  York, 
and  richly  laden  came  ashore  near  Barnegat.  The  crew, 
about  00  in  number,  surrendered  themselves  prisoners  to 
our  militia.  Goods  to  the  amount  of  £5,000  have  been 
taken  out  of  her  by  our  people,  and  it  is  said  a  number 
of  prisoners  have  already  arrived  in  Bordentown ;  other 
particulars  not  yet  come  to  hand. 

Dec,  28,  1778.     Capt.  Alexander,  of  the  sloop  Eliza- 


[NTEBESTING    EVENTS.  127 

beth  of  Baltimore,  was  taken  by  the  British,  but  was 
permitted  to  leave  in  his  small  boat  and  landed  at  Cran- 
berry 1  nl. -t  Dec  28th. 

March,  1779.  The  sloop  Success  came  ashore  in  a 
snowstorm  at  Barnegat  about  March.  177'.*.  She  had 
been  taken  by  the  British  brig  Diligence,  and  was  on  her 
way  to  New  York.  She  had  a  valuable  cargo  of  nun. 
molasses,  coffee,  cocoa,  etc,  on  board.  The  prize  mastei 
and  three  hands  were  made  prisoners  and  sent  to 
Princeton. 

The  At  ><•  Jersey   GazetU    savs  that  in  January.  17.'.'. 
a  Refugee  named  John  Giberson   was   shot   near  Toms 
River.     My  impression  is  that  this  item  is  incorrect  as  to 
the  place  named;  tradition  locates  the   place  where  he 
was  >hi.tjustbelowTuckertononaplaceonce  occupied  by 
a  1. ranch  of  the  Falkinburgh  family.     Mickle*s  Reminis- 
cences of  Gloucester  gives  a  very  minute  account  of  the 
affair  which  is  moreover    substantially  corroborated  by 
tradition    in   this    section.      Mickle    gives    the  nam. 
William    Giberson,  not   John.       During   the    year    1780 
Edward  Giles,  of  Philadelphia,  in  the  schooner  Shark, 
was  taken   by   a    sloop  of  ten   guns.     Giles    was  left  in 
schooner  and  a  prize    crew  of  four  men   put  on  board  of 
her.     Giles  had  on  board  of  her  some  choice  old  liquor 
with  which  he  managed  to  get  his   four  captors  drunk 
and   then  run  tl.     -         >ner  into  Little  Egg  Harbor.     He 
helped  take  the  four  to  Philadelphia. 

Verily  it  does  seem  that  a  proper  use  of  good  liquor 
sometimes  effect-  good,  as  here  it  is  shown  that  a  man 
captured  a  vessel  and  four  men  with  only  a  bottle  of 
choice  run. 

About  the  middle  of  December.  1780,  a  British  brig 
in  the  West  Indian  trade  was  taken  and  brought  into 
Toms  Piiver.  This  brig  had  run  short  of  water  and 
provisions,  and.  mistaking  the  land  for  Long  Island,  sent 
a  boat  and  four  men  ashore  to  obtain  supplies.  The 
militia  hearing  of  it  manned  two  boats  and  went  out  and 
took  her.  She  had  on  board  150  hhds  of  rum  and  spirits, 
which    our    ancestors    pronounced  "  excellent. "    so  they 


428         HISTOBY    OF    MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

must  have  considered  themselves  competent  judges  of 
such  articles ! 

The  British  brig  Molly  was  driven  ashore  in  a  snow- 
storm m-ar  Barnegat  :  her  prize  crew  were  taken  prison- 
ers by  our  militia  and  sent  to  Philadelphia. 

March  19,  1782.  The  privateer  Dart,  ("apt.  William 
Gray,  of  Salem,  Mass.,  arrived  at  Toms  River  with  a 
prize  sloop  taken  from  the  "  Black  Jack"  a  British 
galley  belonging  to  New  York.  The  next  day  his  boat 
with  seven  men  went  in  pursuit  of  a  brig  which  was 
near  the  bar.  A  letter  from  Toms  River  written  a  few- 
days  after  they  left  said  they  had  not  been  heard  from 
since. 

THE  COASTING  TRADE. 


The  coasting  interest  must  have  been  quite  impor- 
tant at  an  early  date,  as  numerous  small  vessels  would 
be  required  to  carry  the  lumber  to  market  from  the 
various  mills  on  the  different  streams  in  the  county.  On 
some  of  the  streams,  as  on  North  Branch  Forked  River 
and  on  Oyster  Creek,  the  lumbar  was  mile  up  into  small 
rafts  and  floated  down  to  the  bay  where  the  vessels  were 
anchored,  and  there  taken  on  board.  About  the  close  of 
the  last  century  and  the  beginning  of  the  present,  the 
cedar  rail  business  began  to  fail  and  the  owners  and 
masters  of  vessels  feared  they  could  get  no  remunerative 
employment  for  their  schooners  and  sloops.  And  to  add 
to  their  anxiety,  about  this  time  they  began  to  hear 
rumors  that  Fulton,  Fitch  and  others  had  made  inven- 
tions by  which  vessels  could  be  run  by  steam  and  not  be 
dependent  on  capricious  winds  and  tides,  ami  that  they 
would  soon  displace  sailing  vessels.  The  coasters  were 
incredulous,  and  ridiculed  the  idea  of  a  vessel  being 
driven  by  "  a  kettle  full  of  boiling  water."'  Nevertheless 
steamboats  proved  a  success,  and  not  only  a  success  but 
proved  the  salvation,  instead  of  the  ruin,  of  the  coasters' 
interests,  for  the  steamboats  required  pine  wood  for  fuel 
which  the  vessels  supplied  from  various  points  along  the 
bay,  and  eventually  from  Virginia. 


BLACKS    l\    THE    REVOLUTION.  129 

rn  \i;coAL. 
Between  ls;»()  and  1840,  the  supply  of  pine 
wood  suitable  for  market  began  to  fail,  and  the  coasters 
again  began  to  inquire  " what  business  could  next  In- 
found  for  vessels.''  This  was  satisfactorily  answered  to 
many  by  the  starting  of  the  charcoal  trade.  The  long 
ranks  of  cordwood  near  all  our  landings,  so  well  remem- 
bered by  oldest  residents,  gave  place  to  piles  of  charcoal, 
the  dust  from  which  made  it  almost  impossible  to  tell 
whether  a  seafaring  man  was  white  or  black.  Then 
came  the  demand  for  coasting  vessels  to  carry  hard  coal, 
anthracite  and  bituminous,  from  Philadelphia,  Alexandria 
and  other  places  to  other  ports. 

Before  any  very  large  business  was  done  in  ex- 
porting charcoal,  considerable  quantities  of  it  were  made 
for  the  use  of  furnaces  and  forges.  The  "  coaling 
grounds"  for  Federal  Furnace  and  David  Wright's  Forge 
are  named  in  1795  in  ancient  deeds  for  lauds  near  Hurri- 
cane and  Black  Swamp ;  the  Federal  company's  coal- 
ing ground  on  Hurricans  Neck  is  named  in  1797.  In 
1825  "Jack  Cook's  Coal  Kiln  Bottom"  and  "Morocco 
Kiln"  are  named. 

BLACKS  IN  THE  REVOLUTION. 


In  looking  over  the  Revolutionary  history  of  Ocean 
and  Monmouth  (as  well  as  of  some  other  parts  of  the 
State)  our  notice  is  frequently  attracted  to  the  number 
of  blacks  who  aided  the  British  and  Refugees  through- 
out the  war.  In  some  of  the  reminiscences  herewith 
published,  the  fact  of  the  Blacks  being  with  the  enemy 
has  been  noticed,  as  for  instance  at  Forked  River  ;  the 
Refugee  leader,  Davenport,  had  forty  with  him  ;  at  Toms 
River,  the  Blacks  aided  the  British;  and  the  history  of 
Monmouth  furnishes  numerous  instances  proving  that 
the  Blacks  were  active  and  valuable  aids  to  the  enemy 
as  in  the  case  of  the  noted  Col.  Tye  and  his  company, 
who  were  with  the  British  in  the  attack  on  Capt. 
Huddy's  house  at  Colt's  Neck.     It  is  no  difficult  matter 


430  HISTORY   OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

to  tell  why  the  Blacks  aided  the  enemy — they  received 
their  liberty  by  so  doing.  The  question  naturally  arises 
in  the  mind,  "Would  not  our  ancestors  have  gained  by 
freeing  the  Blacks  and  thus  securing  their  aid  against 
the  British  ?"  They  undoubtedly  thought  they  could 
not  afford  the  expense.  It  will  be  remembered  that 
although  Rhode  Island  and  Massachusetts  freed  many 
slaves  to  join  the  American  army,  yet  their  value  was 
paid  to  the  owners — Rhode  Island  giving  $750,  and  Mas- 
sachusetts si, 000  each,  for  them,  making  it  quite  a  costly 
undertaking.  New  Jersey,  and  particularly  Old  Monmout  h 
was  noted  for  liberality  in  furnishing  men  and  money 
and  it  was  thought,  doubtlessly,  that  to  buy  the  blacks 
of  their  owners  to  fight  on  our  side  would  prove  more 
costly  than  they  could  afford.  Suppose  there  Avere  two 
thousand  able  bodied  male  slaves  in  tin  State  ;  these  at 
the  price  paid  by  Rhode  Island — the  lowest  price  then 
paid — would  amount  to  a  million  and  a  half  dollars — -a 
very  serious  tax  to  a  people  already  taxed  seemingly  to 
the  utmost.  The  question  then  was  not  about  freeing 
the  slaves  of  the  enemy  ;  that  was  a  point  about  which 
there  seemed  but  little  dispute  ;  the  British  used  run- 
away slaves  and  no  protest  against  their  right  to  do  so 
i  although  jn'otest  was  made  against  Lord  Dunmore 
afterward  selling  them).  But  when  we  read  how  valua- 
ble these  blacks  proved  to  the  enemy,  informing  them 
who  had  money,  plate,  horses,  cattle  and  valuables  of 
any  description  ;  where  they  lived  ;  acting  as  pilots  or 
guides  through  by-roads  and  paths — helping  destroy 
all  they  could  not  carry  away  and  fighting  with  desper- 
ate, undisputed  bravery.  These  considerations  alone,  to 
say  nothing  of  the  many  valuable  lives  lost,  would  seem 
to  show  that  our  ancestors,  in  the  mere  selfish  view  of 
dollars  and  cents,  were  clearly  the  losers  by  their  policy 
— certainly  so  in  Old  Monmouth. 


JOEL  PAKKEK. 


The  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  memorial  of  ex- 
Governor  and  Judge  Joel  Parker  prepared  at  the  re- 
quest of  the  New  Jersey  Historical  Society  by  Maj. 
James  S.  Yard,  Editor  of  the  Monmouth  Democrat,  Free- 
hold, and  road  at  a  meeting  of  the  Society  at  Newark, 
May  17.  1888: 

It  so  came  about,  under  the  guidance  of  Divine 
Providence,  that  Joel  Parker  became  Governor  of 
New  Jersey  at  the  most  critical  periodinthe  history  of  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion.  He  was  then  forty-six  years  old,  and 
in  the  prime  of  his  intellectual  and  physical  strength  and 
vigor.  In  1847  he  was  elected  to  the  Assembly,  and  in 
1852  he  was  appointed  as  Prosecutor  of  the  Pleas  for 
Monmouth.  In  both  of  these  positions  he  discharged 
his  public  duties  with  signal  ability.  In  the  Assembly, 
although  the  youngest  member  of  that  body,  he  distin- 
guished himself  throughout  the  State  by  introducing  a 
measure,  which  afterwards  became  a  law.  to  equalize 
taxation  by  taxing  personal  as  well  as  real  property. 

In  December,  1857,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Regimental 
Officers,  he  was  elected  Brigadier  General  of  the  Mon- 
mouth and  Ocean  Brigade  of  State  Militia,  and  proceeded 
to  thoroughly  organize  the  corps.  At  the  outbreak  of 
the  war  Maj.  Gen.  Moore,  Commander  of  the  Third 
Division  of  the  State  Militia,  resigned  on  account  of  age 
and  infirmity,  and  on  the  7th  of  May,  1861,  General 
Parker  was  nominated  by  Gov.  Olden,  and  unanimously 
confirmed  by  the  Senate  as  his  successor.  This  appoint- 
ment was  made  for  the  purpose  of  promoting  volunteering 
for  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion.  Party  strife  at  this 
time  was  rife  and  bitter,  but  Gen.  Parker's  patriotic 
efforts  were  generally  recognized  and  commended  alike 
by  party  friends  and  foes,  and  put  Xew  Jersey  in  the 
front  rank  of  the  loyal  States. 

In  the  Fall  of  1862,  after  the  defeat  of  the  operations 
against  Pdchmond,  and  the  famous  seven  days'  fight  on 
the  Peninsula,  and  when  the  fate  of  our  national  existence 


482  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

seemed  to  tremble  in  the  balance,  Gem  Parker  was 
nominated  for  Governor  and  was  elected  by  a  majority 
three  times  greater  than  had  ever  before  been  given  in 
the  State  for  any  candidate  for  that  position.  His  elec- 
tion gave  a  new  impetus  to  the  national  cause,  and  his 
administration,  which  in  all  respects  was  eminently  a 
successful  one,  was  especially  distinguished  for  its 
efficiency  in  promoting  enlistments  in  the  army,  and  for 
successfully  keeping  up  volunteering  for  this  purpose 
for  a  year  after  all  other  states  had  been  obliged  to 
resort  to  the  draft  to  fill  their  regiments. 

Through  these  efforts  New  Jersey  is  enabled  to 
boast  that  no  man  was  ever  taken  unwillingly  from  the 
State  to  fill  the  quota  of  troops  demanded  by  the  general 
government. 

His  action  during  the  invasion  of  Pennsylvania  hj 
the  rebel  forces  is  still  fresh  in  the  public  mind.  Before 
the  people  of  that  State  had  recovered  from  the  panic 
caused  by  this  invasion,  he  had  rallied  regiments  of 
Jerseymen  to  the  standard  and  was  marching  them  to 
their  defence,  for  which  service  he  was  publicly  compli- 
mented by  President  Lincoln  and  Gov.  Curtin.  In  1804, 
when  Maryland  was  invaded  and  the  National  Capitol 
was  threatened,  he  did  not  wait  to  hear  from  the 
authorities  at  Washington,  but  immediately  set  about 
the  raising  of  reinforcements  to  drive  the  invaders  back. 
These  are  but  instances  of  the  foresight,  vigor  and 
patriotism  which  characterized  his  efforts  throughout 
his  administration  down  to  the  close  of  the  war. 

In  1863,  after  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  without 
waiting  for  the  action  of  the  Legislature,  Governor  Par- 
ker dispatched  an  agent  to  the  battle-field  to  personally 
superintend,  with  great  care,  the  removal  of  the  remains 
of  the  New  Jersey  dead.  A  plot  of  ground  was  secured  on 
the  field,  the  bodies  were  carefully  re-interred,  and  the 
ground  was  set  apart  for  this  sacred  purpose,  with  appro- 
priate ceremonies,  in  the  presence  of  a  vast  concourse  of 
people  assembled  to  witness  them. 

But  his  efforts  did  not  stop  at  the  operations  in  the 


JOEL    PAEKEE.  \'-V-\ 

field.  They  extended  also  to  the  care  of  the  Jersey 
soldiers  in  their  camps  and  hospitals  and  of  their 
families  at  home.  One  of  his  first  acts  as  Governor  was 
to  establish  an  Agency  at  Washington  to  look  after  the 
welfare  of  the  New  Jersey  troops,  to  facilitate  transfers 
and  discharges  in  deserving  cases,  and  to  alleviate  the 
sufferings  of  the  sick  and  wounded.  The  agency  also 
received  money  from  the  soldiers  in  the  field  and 
transmitted  it  to  their  families  without  expense  to  them. 
Hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  were  thus  received 
and  transmitted,  and  thousands  of  soldiers  and  soldiers' 
families  remember  with  gratitude,  to-day,  his  efforts  to 
promote  their  welfare,  and  bless  him  for  his  kindly 
sympathy.  He  also  instituted  inquiries  into  the  con- 
dition of  the  disabled  soldiers  and  their  families,  and 
appointed  a  commission  to  report  what  legislation  was 
necessaiy  to  relieve  them.  In  his  second  annual  message 
he  recommended  the  establishment  of  a  Soldiers'  Home, 
or  Retreat,  out  of  which  grew  the  present  admirable 
provision  made  by  the  State  for  that  purpose. 

Under  most,  if  not  all  of  the  State  Constitutions, 
during  the  first  years  of  the  war  there  was  no  provision  for 
taking  the  votes  of  soldiers  in  the  field.  This  omis- 
sion was  not  discovered  in  time  to  provide  in  New  Jersey 
for  the  election  of  1864,  it  requiring  two  years  to  amend 
the  Constitution  ;  but  the  Legislature  of  that  year  adopt- 
ed resolutions  requesting  the  military  authorities  to 
furlough  the  soldiers  entitled  to  vote,  so  far  as  it  could 
be  done  without  detriment  to  the  service,  to  go  home  and 
vote.  Gov.  Parker,  in  transmitting  these  resolutions  to 
the  President,  expressed  the  wish  that  all  New  Jersey 
soldiers,  without  distinction  of  party,  who  could  be 
spared,  should  be  allowed  to  come  home  on  election  day, 
and  particularly  desired  that  soldiers  in  hospitals  who 
were  able  to  travel,  be  allowed  to  visit  their  homes  for 
that  purpose.  He  also  wrote  to  the  State  Agent  at 
Washington,  instructing  him  to  assist  the  soldiers  in 
getting  furloughs.  The  Constitution  on  this  point  was 
afterwards  amended. 


I.'U         IIISToi;V    OF    MONMOUTH    A.ND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Gov.  Parker  was  always  frank  and  outspoken  in  his 
views  in  regard  to  the  conduct  of  the  war,  as  he  was  on 
all  other  matters  of  public  policy,  and  while  frequently 
differing  in  opinion  with  the  administration  at  Washing- 
ton, he  never  faltered  in  the  discharge  of  his  duty  to 
sustain  by  all  means  in  his  power  the  effort  to  restore  the 
Union,  or  in  his  belief  in  the  ultimate  success  of  the 
National  cause.  He  was  a  man  of  strong  convictions, 
and  necessarily  and  essentially  a  party  man,  neglecting 
no  honest  and  fair  opportunity  to  advance  the  interests 
of  his  party,  yet  his  first  consideration  was  always  the 
public  interests.  In  all  of  his  appointments,  military 
and  civil,  he  carefully  scrutinized  the  character  and 
qualifications  of  the  candidate.  Xo  question  of  party 
ever  entered  into  any  of  his  appointments  to  the*militarv 
service,  while  in  his  appointments  to  the  civil  service  the 
fitness  of  the  appointee  generally  silenced  the  clamor  of 
the  friends  of  the  disappointed  candidates ;  and  while 
this  is  the  rock  upon  which  the  popularity  of  the 
executive  is  usually  wrecked,  and  while  he  made 
more  appointments  than  any  other  man  who  has  ever 
filled  the  executive  chair  of  our  State,  yet  he  returned 
at  the  close  of  both  his  terms  of  office  with  his  popularity 
unimpaired. 

Joel  Parker  was  innately  and  thoroughly  a  Jersey- 
man,  proud  of  his  State  and  of  its  history.  He  neglected 
no  opportunity  to  eulogize  it,  and  warmly  resented  any 
indignity  aimed  at  it.  But  his  patriotism  was  greater 
than  his  State  pride — it  embraced  our  whole  country. 
In  his  love  for  its  institutions  and  in  his  faith  in  its 
future  glory  he  never  wavered.  He  was  beyond  dispute 
the  foremost  man  of  his  generation  in  his  native  State  in 
all  those  qualities  that  go  to  make  a  man  useful  to  and 
beloved  by  his  fellow-men.  In  his  private  life  he  Avas 
pure  and  above  reproach.  He  was  not  a  brilliant  man, 
as  the  world  reckons  it,  but  he  was  a  great  man,  broad, 
liberal,  conscientious,  faithful  and  true,  and  deserves  to 
be  conspicuously  honored  by  tic;  generation  that  he 
served  so  long  and  so  well. 


JOEL    PARKER  t35 

BIRTH,    PARENTAGE   AND    EDUCATION. 

Joel  Parker  was  bonr  in  Freehold  township  on  the 
■24th  of  November,  1816,  in  a  house  still  standing  on  the 
Mounl  Holly  road  about  four  miles  west  of  Freehold,  in 
what  is  now  Millstone  township.  A  small  village  known 
as  Smithburg  has  grown  up  around  it  recently.  His 
father  was  Charles  Parker,  who  was  born  in  the  same 
neighborhood,  and  who  was  Sheriff  of  the  county,  mem- 
ber of  the  Assembly,  and  for  thirteen  years  State 
Treasurer  and  at  the  same  time  State  Librarian.  His 
mother,  who  was  also  a  native  of  the  county  as  it  was 
then  constituted,  was  a  daughter  of  Capt.  Joseph  Coward. 
of  th«-  Continental  Army.  He  received  his  primary  edu- 
cation at  the  old  Trenton  Academy,  and  was  prepared 
for  college  at  the  Lawrenceville  High  School.  In  the 
meantime  he  spent  two  years  as  manager  on  a  farm 
which  his  father  then  owned  near  Colts  Neck.  He  was 
graduated  at  Princeton  in  1839,  and  immediately  com- 
menced the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of  the  Hon.  Henry 
TV.  Green,  at  Trenton,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  iu 
1842,  when  he  located  at  Freehold  and  commenced  the 
practice  of  his  profession. 

HIS    EARLY    CAREER. 

In  1810  he  cast  his  first  Presidential  vote  for  Martin 
Van  Buren,  the  nominee  of  the  Democratic  party.  In 
1844  he  entered  the  political  arena  in  support  of  the 
election  of  James  K.  Polk  as  President,  and  distinguished 
himself  in  that  campaign  as  a  public  speaker. 

HIS  SOCIAL  RELATIONS,  MARRIAGE  AND  DEATH. 
Although  his  long  and  busy  life  was  crowded  with 
great  public  cares,  he  did  not  forget  the  minor  public 
duties  nor  the  obligations  of  social  life.  He  was  one  of 
the  original  members  of  the  lodge  of  Odd  Fellows  of  his 
town  and  always  retained  an  interest  in  its  welfare  ;  in 
his  earlier  years  he  took  an  active  part  in  its  affairs,  tilling 
the  different  official  positions  and  representing  it  in  the 
State  Grand  Lodge.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Ma- 
sonic lodge  of  his  town.      In  both  of  these  organizations 


436  HISTOKY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

be  remained  an  honored  member  up  to  the  time  of  his 
death.  He  was  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Union 
Fire  Company  of  Trenton,  and  of  the  Fire  Department  of 
Freehold,  aiding  both  with  his  counsels  and  his  purse. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Commandery  of  the  State 
of  Pennsylvania  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal 
Legion  of  the  United  States ;  a  member  of  the  Tammany 
Society  of  New  York  City,  and  an  honorary  member  of 
the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey. 
In  1881  he  united  with  the  Presbj'terian  Church  of  Free- 
hold, on  confession  of  faith,  and  afterwards  remained  an 
acceptable  member  and  communicant  of  that  church.  Iu 
1813  he  was  married  to  Maria  M.,  eldest  daughter  of 
Samuel  R.  Gum  mere,  Clerk  in  Chancery  of  New  Jersey, 
who  survives  him,  with  two  sons,  Charles  and  Frederick, 
both  practicing  lawyers  of  some  years'  standing  at  the 
Bar  of  Monmouth  County,  and  a  daughter,  Bessie.  On 
Saturday,  the  31st  day  of  December,  1887,  after  holding 
a  special  session  of  the  Burlington  County  Courts,  he 
went  to  Philadelphia,  and  feeling  unwell  he  called  at  the 
house  of  a  friend,  where,  in  a  few  minutes,  he  received  a 
stroke  of  paralysis.  He  died  on  the  following  Monday, 
shortly  after  midnight,  surrounded  by  the  immediate 
members  of  his  family.  He  rallied  sufficiently  on  Satur- 
day evening  to  recognize  his  wife,  but  afterwards  never 
regained  consciousness. 

PERSONAL    APPEARANCE    AND    GENERAL    CHARACTERISTICS. 

His  personal  appearance  was  imposing.  He  was 
slightly  over  six  feet  high,  with  a  massive  frame  admira- 
bly proportioned,  a  head  well  poised,  manly  and  dignified 
in  his  bearing,  easy  and  attractive  in  his  manner ;  in 
public,  free  and  self-possessed,  easily  approached  by  the 
humblest  member  of  the  community,  but  never  conde- 
scending to  unseemly  familiarity.  He  was  persistent  in 
the  pursuit  of  the  object  in  which  he  was  interested,  and 
in  support  of  the  cause  which  he  had  espoused  ;  never 
domineering,  but  persuasive  and  conciliating ;  avoiding 
personal  antagonisms  he  skilfully  laid  his  course  between 


JOEL   PABKEB.  437 

contending  factions  and  reached  the  goal  while  others 
were  wrangling  by  the  way.  Conservative  in  all  his 
vi.ws  and  sometimes  considered  so  almost  to  a  fault,  he 
was  always  a  safe  leader  in  public  affairs  and  reliable  as 
a  personal  adviser. 

When  he  died  his  fellow  citizens  throughout  the 
State — all  ranks  and  conditions  of  men — alike  pressed 
forward  to  lav  their  tribute  of  affection  and  regard  upon 
his  bier.  The  Governor  issued  a  proclamation  reciting 
the  eminent  services  he  had  rendered  the  State,  and 
caused  public  honors  to  be  paid  to  his  memory  ;  the  bus- 
iness of  the  courts  was  suspended  while  eulogies  were 
pronounced  and  resolutions  of  respect  and  condolence 
were  placed  upon  their  records  ;  organizations,  public 
and  social,  vied  with  each  other  in  manifestations  of 
friendship  and  esteem,  and  the  press  united  in  one  com- 
mon expression  of  high  appreciation  of  his  life  and  public 
services. 

At  the  session  of  the  Legislature  of  1888  a  joint 
resolution  was  passed  b}r  both  Houses  providing  for  the 
purchase  of  a  portrait  of  Gov.  Parker.  This  portrait 
was  afterwards  painted  by  Julian  Scott,  and  hung  with 
appropriate  ceremonies  in  the  Assembly  Chamber  on  the 
4th  of  February,  1889. 

"  Strong,  'mid  the  perils  that  beset  his  time, 
Stbong,  in  the  chair  of  State  he  honored  long, 
Strung,  in  devotion  to  his  home  and  friends. 
Wherever  fortune  found  or  placed  him.  Strong. 

•'Kind,  with  a  kindness  words  cannot  express. 
Kind,  with  a  sweetness  born  of  noble  mind, 
Kind,  let  the  tear-drop  pathos  started,  speak: 
To  youth  and  age,  to  poor  and  sorrowing,  kind. 

"Great,  in  the  virtues  that  adorned  his  life, 
Great,  in  the  annals  of  his  native  State, 
Great,  in  his  fearless  championship  of  right, 
In  every  trust  ami  station,  truly  Great."* 

*Franh  P.  McDerrnott.  Freehold,  in  the  Monmouth  Democrat,  Jan.  12,  1888. 


438         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

PEKSECUTION  OF  QUAKERS. 


Edward  Wharton  was  one  of  the  most  zealous 
Quakers  of  his  time,  and  lived  at  Salem,  Mass.  In  1669 
he  gave  an  order  to  John  Hance  to  hold  and  enjoy  his 
lot  of  land. 

George  Wharton  and  John  Harwood,  of  London, 
appointed  John  Hance,  of  Shrewsbury,  as  their  attorney. 

Edward  Wharton  was  a  noted  man  in  the  history  of 
the  Society  of  Friends.  He  was  in  Salem  as  early  as 
1655  and  was  called  "glazier."  His  business  or  "  out- 
ward occasions,"  as  Bishop's  "New  England  Judged" 
terms  it,  required  him  to  make  frequent  journeys  to 
Rhode  Island  and  other  places,  and  he  frequently 
accompanied  Quaker  preachers  on  their  visits  to  various 
places,  sometimes  as  far  as  Long  Island.  He  first  began 
to  suffer  for  his  faith  in  1658.  In  1659  he  was  given 
twenty-four  lashes  and  fined  £20,  which  a  friend  paid,  as 
he  would  not  pay  it.  In  1661  the  stripes  were  again 
given  to  him  and  to  John  Chamberlain,  supposed  ances- 
tor of  the  first  Chamberlains  of  Monmouth,  for  protesting 
against  the  brutal  hanging  of  William  Leddra,  who  was 
hanged  on  Boston  Common  for  preaching  his  faith.  It 
is  not  stated  that  Chamberlain  was  then  a  Quaker,  but 
his  feelings  of  humanity  prompted  him  to  protest 
against  the  act.  Wharton,  despite  all  threats,  remained 
with  Leddra  until  he  was  executed.  In  1662  he  accom- 
panied two  Quaker  women,  preachers,  named  Alice 
Ambrose  and  Mary  Tom  kins,  to  Long  Island.  Here  the 
Dutch  authorities  arrested  all  three  of  them,  and  also 
John  Tilton  and  Mary,  his  wife,  William  Reape,  of  New- 
port, who  was  with  them,  and  others,  and  kept  them 
prisoners  for  ten  days,  and  then  put  them  all,  except 
John  Tilton  and  wife,  on  a  ship  and  sent  them  out  of 
their  jurisdiction. 

In  1664  Alice  Ambrose  and  Mary  Tomkins  came  to 
Boston  from  Virginia,  where  they  had  been  pilloried  and 
then  "  given  thirty-two  stripes  with  a  whip  of  nine  cords 
and  every  c^rd  three  knots." 


PERSECUTION    OF   QUAKERS.  139 

Mary  Tomkins,  while  in  Boston,  was  taken  so  sick 
she  thought  she  would  die.  Edward  Wharton  and  an- 
other Quaker  named  Wenlock Christian,  went  Erom  Salem 
to  see  her.  The  constables  took  her  to  jail  and  both 
women  and  the  two  men  were  ordered  to  be  whipped. 
Colonel  Temple  interceded  and  got  three  clear,  but  they 
vented  their  wrath  on  Edward  Wharton  against  whom 
they  had  no  charge  but  that  of  leaving  his  home  in 
Salem  and  coming  to  Boston  to  see  a  sick  friend.  Gov. 
Endicott  issued  his  warrant  to  have  Wharton  given  thirty 
stripes  on  his  naked  body,  "  convicted  of  being  a  vaga- 
bond from  his  own  dwelling  place."  This  warrant  was 
dated  June  30,  1664.  Wharton  was  taken  to  the  market 
place  and  stripped,  and  his  arms  bound  to  the  wheels  of 
a  cannon.  Constable  John  Lowell  bade  the  hangman  to 
whip,  which  was  so  cruelly  done  that  it  was  testified  that 
peas  might  be  put  in  the  holes  made  by  the  knots  in  the 
whip,  on  his  flesh,  arms  and  back.  Wharton  was  not  cowed 
by  his  cruel  treatment,  but  after  it  was  over  he  said,  "  I 
think  I  shall  be  here  to-morrow,  again  !  "  He  was  well 
off  and  next  day  he  said  to  Lieut.  Governor  Bellingham  : 
"  How  is  it  that  I  should  be  a  vagabond  yesterday  and 
not  to-day  ?  "  Wharton  had  been  in  this  country  some 
twenty  years  and  had  supplied  Governor  Endicott  with 
necessaries  of  life  when  he  was  in  humble  and  suffering 
circumstances.  A  lengthy  letter  is  given  in  Bishop's 
"  New  England  Judged,"  complaining  of  Gov.  Endicott's 
ingratitude  and  of  his  injustice.  This  letter  was  written 
by  John  Smith,  possibly  the  one  subsequently  in  Mon- 
mouth, whose  wife  Margaret  had  been  imprisoned  all 
winter  by  Endicott's  orders.  Smith  upbraided  him  for 
his  "hard  hartedness  to  neighbors  to  whom  thou  hadst 
formerly  been  beholden  to  and  helped  in  a  time  of  want 
when  thou  hadst  no  bread  !  "  Wharton  wras  punished  at 
other  times,  but  the  foregoing  statements  are  sufficient  to 
show  why  he  aided  in  establishing  the  settlement  in 
Monmouth  where  religious  toleration  should  be  insured. 

The  persistence  of  Wharton  in  travelling  with  Qua- 
ker preachers,  visiting  them   in  prison  and  aiding   them 


-4-40  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

in  every  way  to  the  best  of  his  ability,  despite  stripes 
and  imprisonment,  show  an  unselfish  heroism  rarely  wit- 
nessed. He  was  highly  esteemed  by  his  Puritan  neigh- 
bors for  everything  except  his  Quakerism. 

Eliakim  Wardell,  who  was  first  named  inMonmouth, 
was  a  son  of  Thomas  Wardell,  who  came  to  this  country 
and  was  made  a  freeman  at  Boston.  1634  He  had  four 
sons.  The  father  was  disarmed  in  1G37,  for  being  an 
Antinomian,  as  the  followers  of  Ann  Hutchinson  were 
called.  Some  years  later,  when  the  Quakers  began 
preaching  their  views.  Eliakim  harbored  one  of  them 
named  "Wenlock  Christison,  for  which  the  Court  in  1G59 
fined  him,  and.  as  Wardell  would  not  pay  the  tine,  the 
officer  levied  "  on  a  pretty  beast  for  the  saddle  (says 
"Bishop's  New  England  Judged")  worth  £14,  which  was 
taken  for  the  fine,  which  was  less  than  the  value  of  the 
horse,  the  overplus,  to  make  up  to  him,  some  of  the  offi- 
cers  plundered  old  William  Marston  of  a  vessel  of  green 
ginger,  which  for  some  fine  was  taken  from  him  and 
forced  it  into  Eliakinfs  house,  where  he  let  it  be  and 
touched  it  not.  In  process  of  time  Eliakim  came  to  be 
fined  again,  and  whereas,  according  to  law,  he  should 
have  the  overplus  of  the  beast  restored  to  him,  yet  the 
executors  came  and  took  the  ginger  away  as  aforesaid, 
which  was  all  the  satisfaction  that  was  made  to  him. 
And  notwithstanding,  he  came  not  to  your  invented 
worship,  but  was  fined  ten  shillings  for  his  absence  and 
his  wife's,  yet  he  was  often  rated  for  priest's  hire.  And 
the  priest,  Seaborn  Cotton  (old  John  Cotton's  son),  t>  i 
obtain  his  end,  sold  his  rate  to  a  man  almost  as  bad  as 
himself,  who  is  named  Nathaniel  Boulton,  who  came  on 
pretence  of  borrowing  a  little  corn  for  himself,  which  the 
harmless,  honest  man,  willingly  lent  him.  And  he.  find- 
ing thereby  that  he  had  the  corn,  which  was  his  design. 
Judas-dike,  he  went  and  bought  the  rate  of  the  priest  and 
came  and  measured  as  he  pleased.  Another  time  he  had 
a  heifer  taken  from  him  for  priest's  rates,  and  then 
almost  all  his  marsh  and  meadow  ground  taken  from 
him.   which  was  to  keep  his  cattle  in  winter." 


rALES   OF    I  0BE8T    AM'    SEA,  441 

Eliakiin  Wardell  was  at  one  time  sentenced  to  be 
whipped  with  fifteen  Lashes  at  the  cart's  tail,  for  all< 
disrespectful  remarks  of  Simon  Bradstreet,  which  re- 
marks he  made  because  Bradstreet  had  spoken  disre- 
spectfully of  bis  (WardeH's)  wife.  Hi>  wife's  name 
previous  to  her  marriage  was  Lydia  Perkins.  In  1662 
Wardell  and  a  man  named  William  Fourbish  witnessed 
the  whipping  of  t\v<>  Quaker  women  named  Mary  Tomp- 
kins and  Alice  Ambrose,  at  Newburyport,  and  for  pro- 
testing against  the  punishment,  both  men  were  put  in 
stocks.  His  wife  Lydia  had  been  a  member  of  the 
church,  but  when  the  Quakers  promulgated  their  doc- 
trines she  joined  them.  She  was  also  a  victim  of  the 
lash  of  the  Puritans. 

Eliakim  Wardell  and  wife  Lydia,  at  this  time  lived 
at  "  Hampton,  fourteen  miles  from  Dover."  There  is  but 
little  doubt  that  Wardell  and  wife,  and  Edward  Wharton 
of  Salem,  and  James  Heard,  all  Quakers,  were  induced  to 
aid  in  the  settlement  of  Monmouth  by  the  energetic 
Quaker  merchant  of  Newport,  William  Reape,  whose 
business  led  him  to  various  places. 

TALES  OF  FOREST  AND  SEA. 


The  extensive  forests  in  Ocean  county  have  been 
witness  of  many  exciting  scenes  occasioned  by  tires  in  the 
woods,  children  lost,  etc.  Fires  in  the  woods  have  been 
too  numerous  to  attempt  to  particularize.  Often  hun- 
dreds of  acres  are  swept  over  and  tens  of  thousands  of 
dollars  worth  of  timber  are  burned  in  a  short  time. 
With  a  high  wind,  the  roar  of  the  tire  in  the  woods,  the 
appearance  of  the  sky,  etc.,  are  appalling.  "  Fighting 
tire  "  is  familiar  to  hundreds  of  citizens  of  Ocean  county. 
Occasionally  life  is  thus  lost  as  in  the  following  instance : 

About  fifty  years  ago,  many  persons  were  fighting  fire 
near  Forked  River.  A  sudden  shift  of  wind  brought  the 
flames  with  such  speed  down  upon  the  men  that  they  had 
to  run  for  their  lives  to  a  mill  pond  not  far  off ;  but  one 
man  named  Collins  missed  the  road  to  the  pond  and  was 


442  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

overtaken  by  the  flames  and  burned  to  death.  The  fol- 
lowing is  a  case  of  a  child  lost  in  the  woods' : 

About  thirty  years  ago  a  little  boy  named  "Warren 
Conklin  of  some  six  or  seven  years  of  age,  living  at  Bar- 
negat,  started  to  take  his  father's  dinner  to  him  in  the 
woods,  a  mile  or  so  from  home.  The  boy  got  lost  and 
search  was  made  next  day  and  for  weeks  after,  and  by 
hundreds  of  people,  but  of  no  avail  until  three  months 
after,  his  body  was  found,  partly  decayed,  close  to  where 
persons  had  been  many  times.  The  search  was  so  gen- 
eral that  it  was  estimated  that  it  would  have  taken  one  man 
seventeen  years  to  have  gone  over  as  much  ground  as  the 
number  did  in  searchinc;  for  the  boy.  The  feelings  of  the 
agonized  parents  of  the  lost  child  at  such  a  time  may  bet- 
ter be  imagined  than  described. 

Tales  of  shipwrecks  not  only  of  foreign  vessels  on 
our  coast  but  of  shipAvreck  of  our  citizens,  loss  of  life,  etc. 
are  so  numerous  as  to  be  impossible  to  attempt  to  give 
particulars  here. 

Some  of  our  citizens  like  Forman  Grant,  John  F. 
Jones,  and  John  Parker  have  lost  their  lives  in  nobly  en- 
deavoring to  save  the  lives  of  shipwrecked  persons,  and 
many  have  received  gold  and  silver  medals  for  risking 
life  to  save  life. 


GENEALOGICAL  RECORD 


OF    THE 


FIRST  SETTLERS  OF  MONMOUTH  AND  OCEAN  COUNTIES 


AND  THEIR   DESCENDANTS. 


Ahf.aha.m-  James  Abraham,  b.  Northamptonshire,  Eng.,  <1.  Sept. 
13,  1765,  a.  69  yrs.,  6  m.  1*  d. ;  wife  Janet,  d.  April  3,  17-17,  a.  43  yrs  ; 
daughter  Elizabeth,  in.  Enoch  D.  Thomas,  and  d.  1762,  a.  34  yrs.;  then  Mr. 
Charles  Abraham  d.  1760,  a.  about  40  yrs. 

Adah,  Adams  Alexander  Adam  is  named  1700.  He  may  have  been  a 
Scotch  emigrant.  Robert  Adam  was  a  Scotch  emigrant,  named  in  White- 
head's history  of  Perth  A  in  boy.  The  will  of  Thomas  Adams  of  Freehold, 
dated  Jan.  12,  1732,  and  proved  Jan.  26.  1732;  names  wife  Margery;  speaks 
of  four  eldest  children,  but  does  not  mention  their  names.  Members  of  the 
Adams  family  early  settled  in  Burlington  county  and  branches  have  lived 
in  Ocean.  The  will  of  John  Adams  of  Chester,  Burlington,  dated  March 
16,  1699,  names  wife  Elizabeth  and  seven  children.  Executors,  Samuel 
Jennings  and  Francis  Davenport  and  wife.  The  will  of  one  John  Adams 
of  Burlington,  dated  March  J,  1704,  names  wife  Elizabeth  as  executor. 
Alexander  Adam  bought  land  1694  of  John  Reid;  was  grand  juror  1700. 
John  Adams  of  Woodbridge,  had  97  acres  1670  granted  by  Gov.  Carteret. 
John  Adams  and  w  Elizabeth  of  Woodbridge,  X.  J.,  m.  June  1,  1671;  son 
John,  1676.  Thomas  Adams  of  Middlesex  made  will  1695;  filed  at  Tren- 
ton. Thomas  Adams,  yeoman,  had  224  acres  in  1724,  and  Jedediah  Adams 
had  113  acres  same  year,  whose  grandfather,  John  Adams,  bought  said  land 
1691  of  John  Rodman.  Joseph  Adams  m.  Ann  Newton  in  Burlington 
county  1801.  In  Moorestown,  Burlington  county,  John  Adams  was  one  of 
the  first  settlers;  daughter  Deborah  m.  Judah  Allen.  In  1692  Elizabeth 
Adams,  dau.  of  John,  m.  William,  son  of  John  Hollingshead.  At  Shrews- 
bury Friends'  meeting,  1695 — 7  mo.  2d,  James  Adams  of  Burlington 
county,  was  m.  to  Esther  Allen,  Shrewsbury.  The  first  of  the  name  of 
Adams  who  came  to  America  were :  John,  Plymouth,  Mass.,  1621-2; 
Henry,  with  eight  sons,  Braintree,  Mass.,  1634;  William,  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  1635;  Robert,  Ipswich,  Mass.,  1635;  Richard,  Weymouth,  Mass., 
1635;  Richard,  Salem,  Mass.,  1635,  Jeremy  Braintree,  Mass.,  1637;  Fer- 
dinande,  Dedham.  Mass.,  1637;  George,  Watertown,  Mass.,  1645;  Christo- 
pher, Braintree,  Mass..  1645;  Ralph,  Elizabeth  City,  Ya.,  1623;  Robert, 
Martin  Hundreds,  Va.,  1624;  Richard,  embarked  for  Va.  1635.  The  name 
Adams  is  of  Welsh  origin,  signifying  "Son  of  Adam." 

Aejns — Abial  Akins  was  a  prominent  citizen  of  Toms  River,  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  etc.,  during  the  Revolution  and  for  some  twenty-five  years  subse- 
quently. Among  descendants  of  Stephen  b.  1739,  is  Thomas,  b.  1811,  who 
in.  Anna  Salter  of  Newport,  N.  S.,  and  is  (1886)  keeper  of  public  docu- 
ments  of   the  Province.     The   Thomas  (b.    1734)  came   back    and   finally 


11  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

settled  al  Dartmouth,  Mass.  Abiel  AMns  is  named  in  Freehold  Records 
17(17,  when  he  gave  a  mortgage  for  £300  to  John  Longstreet.  In  1769 
Abiel  Akins  and  wife  Patience  deeded  land  to  John  Forman.  Benjamin, 
Joseph  and  William  Akin  lived  in  old  Dover  township  in  the  early  part  of 
the  present  century.  In  Essex  county  Elizabeth  Akin,  was  administratrix 
of  John  Akin  1746.  Thomas  Akin  and  w.  Lydiaof  Perth  Amboy,  made 
deed  Aug.  17,  1752,  to  Jeremiah,  Richard,  Joseph,  and  Benjamin  Borden  of 
Monmouth.  Among  licenses  to  marry  recorded  at  Trenton  are  the  fol- 
lowing : 

Timothy  Akin,  of  Monmouth,  to  Elizabeth  Woolley,  Jan.  28,  1748; 
Elizabeth  Akin,  of  Perth  Amboy,  to  Andrew  Kelly  of  same  place,  Aug.  18, 
1752;  Stephen  Akin,  of  Monmouth,  to  Elizabeth  King  of  Shrewsbury,  April 
1,  1761;  Lydia  Akin  to  Kraghead  Ryle,  March  27,  1779. 

Among  New  York  marriage  licenses  were  the  following: 

Abigail  Akin  to  John  Toffey,  Dee.  12,  1775;  Joshua  Akins  to  Elizabeth 
Briggs,  October,  1781;  John  Akins  to  Mary  Brooks,  April  22,  1783. 

Algoe,  (or  Alger) — Benjamin  Alger  and  Ruth,  his  wife,  are  named  at 
Middletown,  1722.  About  the  first  of  this  name  in  this  country  was 
Andrew  Algor,  who  was  at  Scarborough,  Maine,  1651,  who  had  wife,  and 
children  named  John,  Andrew,  Matthew,  Elizabeth  and  Joanna.  Branches 
of  the  Algor  family  settled  at  Lyme.  Benjamin  Algor  m.  Ruth  Cottrell,  d. 
of  John  and  sister  of  Nicholas,  who  deeded  land  to  her  1722.  In  tax  list  of 
Shrewsbury  township,  1764,  Benjamin  Anger  and  William  Auger  were 
among  persons  assessed. 

Allen — John  Allen,  with  Robert  Tayli  >r,  purchased  a  share  of  land 
among  original  purchasers  named  1667.  George  Allen  also  one  share  in 
1670.  Jedediah  Allen  of  Sandwich,  R.  I.,  bought  in  Nov.  1683,  of  Job 
Almy,  his  share  of  Monmouth  land  George  Allen  in.  Elizabeth  Hulett  22d 
of  2d  mo.  1694,  by  Peter  Tilton,  both  of  Shrewsbury.  In  February,  1694, 
on  estate  of  Ephraim  Allen,  dec'd,  letters  issued  to  his  widow  Mary.  Mary 
Allen  was  m.  to  Thomas  Forman  .May  27.  1695.  John  Allen,  named 
among  the  original  purchasers  lr>67,  was  probably  the  same  named  in 
Friends'  records  of  Newport,  R.  I  ,  as  marrying  Elizabeth  Bacon,  Oct.  14, 
Ki5l).  He  had  children,  Elizabeth,  b.  1651;  Mary,  b.  1652;  John,  b.  1654; 
Priscilla,  b.  1659;  Samuel,  b.  1661.  All  of  his  children  were  born  at  New- 
port. And  he  may  have  been  the  same  John  Allen  named  a  few  years 
previous  at  Rohoboth,  Mass.,  where  in  1644  in  allotment  of  town  lots  he 
was  given  lot  No.  42.  George  Allen  of  Sandwich,  was  a  man  of  note  in  his 
day  and  his  descendants  are  exceedingly  numerous.  He  was  b.  in  England 
about  1620  and  d.  after  1685.  It  is  said  that  Ralph  Allen,  noted  among 
early  Quakers  of  Plymouth  colony,  whose  descendants  came  to  Monmouth, 
was  also  a  son  of  the  first  George  Among  the  eleven  male  members  of  the 
Puritan  church  at  Sandwich,  Mass.,  in  1644,  were  Geo.  Allen,  Ralph  Allen, 
Peter  Gauntt  and  Richard  Kirby,  all  of  whom  have  descendants  in  New 
Jersey.  Matthew  Allen,  son  of  the  first  George,  of  Sandwich,  m.  Sarah 
Kirby,  June  5.  1657;  he  left  Sandwich  and  settled  at  Dartmouth,  and  had 
by  wife  Sarah:  Dorothy,  b.  1659;  Miriam,  b.  1661;  Deborah,  b.  1663; 
Mary,  b.  1668;  Ahazadiah,  b.  1671;  Matthew,  b.  1677.  George  Allen,  2nd, 
had  by  W.  Hannah  children:  Caleb,  h.  1648,  Judah,  b.  16511;  Ephraim,  b. 
1652;  Eliza,  b.  1654;  and  by  second  w.  Sarah:  Matthew,  1).  June  16,  1657; 
James  and  John,  twins,  b.  Aug.  5,  1658;  Lydia,  b.  1660;  Daniel,  b.  1(163; 
Hannah,  b.  1666;  Eber,  b.  1668;  George,  b.  1(172.  Most  of  these  names  are 
familiar  in  the  early  records  of  Monmouth,  as  they  were  handed  down 
among  descendants.  Ralph  Mien,  one  of  the  persecuted  Quakers,  said  also 
to  have  been  a  son  of  the  first  George  of  Sandwich,  had  descendants  who 
came  to  Monmouth,  some  of  whom  became  quite  noted.  He  m.  Easter 
Swift  and  had  five  children,  the  first  of  whom,  Jedediah,  b.  in  1646,  came 
to  New  Jersey,  and  was  a  member  of  the  colonial  assembly  in  1703,  and  is 
frequently  named  in  ancient  records.  Ralph,  son  of  Jedediah  1st,  m.  Ann, 
dau.  of  Aiahlon  Wright  of  Burlington  county,  and  a  Judah  Allen,  possibly 
also  his  son,  m.  Deborah,  dau.  of  John  Adams,  1701.  Allentown,  it  is  said, 
derives   its   name   from  a  Nathan   Allen,  who   was   probably   the   son   of 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  Ill 

Jedediah,  b.  L673.  Rev.  George  Swain  in  Historical  Discourse  of  the 
Presbyterian  church  of  Allentown,  says  that  Nathan  Allen  bought  in  1 7<  ><". 
of  Robert  Burnett,  520  acres  more  or  less,  on  Doctors  Creek  and  other 
lands.  An  abstract  of  his  will  is  given  hereafter,  and  from  the  will  of  his 
bod  Nathan,  it  would  sn-m  that  the  widow  of  the  first  Nathan  had  married 
again.  In  a  recoid  of  Quakers  1704,  given  in  Pa.  Hist.  Mag.,  toI.  7.  p.  370, 
Nathan  Allen  is  named  as  a  Quaker  from  Burlington.  Rev.  John  Allen  ol 
Woodbridge,  came  from  England  about  December,  1680,  and  was  minister 
of  the  Presbyterian  church  therefor  a  few  years.  He  was  married  three 
times.  The  name  of  his  last  wife  was  Deliverance  Potter.  The  last  names 
of  the  others  are  unknown.  Tn  Daily's  History  of  Woodbridge  are  records 
copied  at  considerable  length.  In  the  Revolutionary  war  Jacob,  John, 
Judah,  aud   Nathan  Allen  of  Monmouth  were  soldiers,  and   also  Edward, 

Joseph  and  Peter  Of  Bui lington.      On    the    side  of    the    Loyalists    was  Isaac 

Allen  of  Trenton,  who  owned  land  in  Monmouth,  who  was  Lieut. -Colonel 
in  the  second  battalion  of  New  Jersey  Royal  Volunteers.  At  the  close  of 
the  war  he  went  to  St.  John.  New  Brunswick,  and  was  given  lots  No.  56  7 
in  1783.  He  was  appointed  Assistant  Judgi  1806  and  his  grandson,  John 
Campbell,  b.  1817,  was  appointed  i  hief  Justice  of  New  Brunswick  1875,  and 
still  holds  (1885)  that  position.  Among  the  Loyalists  who  had  laud 
granted  to  them  in  17s:i.  in  St.  John,  were  William.  John  and  Benjamin 
Allen.  The  abstracts  of  wills  of  Aliens,  recorded  at  Trenton,  include 
persons  of  the  name  in  the  upper  part  of  the  State.  In  the  early  settle- 
ment of  Elizabethtown  a  John  Allen  is  named.  In  Morris  county  ('apt. 
Job  Allen  was  a  prominent  citizen  as  early  as  1730.  Deacon  Gilbert  Allen, 
a  man  of  note  in  Morris,  was  a  son  of  Jacob  Allen,  who  possibly  was  a  son 
of  Charles,  b.  1702  and  d.  17sc>.  A  long  list  of  abstract  of  wills,  and  of 
appointment  of  administrators  and  guardians  relating  to  the  Allen  family. 
are  recorded  in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  state  at  Trenton. 

Allmy  Christopher  and  Job  Allmy  were  among  the  number  of  origi- 
nal purchasers  of  land  1667.  They  were  brothers,  and  sons  of  William 
Almy  las  the  name  is  now  spelled  i  who  came  over  from  England  with  Gov. 
Winthrop  and  was  at  Lynn.  Mass..  1631,  ami  in  1637  was  among  the  num- 
ber who  founded  Sandwich  in  that  State.  In  1642  he  removed  to  Ports- 
mouth, R.  I.  It  is  said  that  when  the  Quakers  began  promulgating  their 
faith  about  Kio7.  he  joined  that  sect.  He  was  b.  about  1601  and  d.  1676. 
He  had  children:  Ann,  b.  about  l<'.-27  who  m.  Deputy-Gov.  John  Greene. 
and  Christopher,  John.  Job  and  Catharine.  Christopher  was  generally 
known  as  Captain,  from  his  commanding  a  vessel  that  traded  between 
Newport.  Monmouth  and  other  places.  He  returned  to  Ehode  Island  to 
live  by  or  before  1678,  brrt  occasionally  canie  back  on  business.  He  was  a 
Deputy  in  Ehode  Island  1690  and  the  same  year  was  elected  Governor,  but 
declined  the  position,  "giving  satisfactory  reasons."  In  1693-5  he  was  an 
agent  in  England  for  Rhode  Island.  Christopher  Almy  was  one  of  the 
first  to  settle  in  Monmouth,  and  was  here  at  least  as  early  as  1665. 

Anderson  —  Capt.  John  Anderson,  who  is  frequently  named  in  county 
and  State  records  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century,  was  b.  about  1665  in 
Scotland,  and  said  to  have  been  baptized  and  educated  in  the  communion 
of  the  Episcopal  Church,  Scotland,  and  had  the  ''Right  Rev.  Father  in 
God,  John  Lord  Bishop  of  Ross  for  his  Godfather."  He  was  a  sea  captain 
for  a  time  and  commanded  the  ship  Unicorn  in  a  Scottish  expedition  to 
Darien,  and,  after  a  cruise  of  over  three  years  he  brought  his  vessel  to 
Perth  Amboy,  where  he  probably  stopped  awhile  before  coming  to  Mon- 
mouth. He  m.  Anna,  d.  of  John  Reed,  the  noted  Deputy  Surveyor  of  East 
Jersey.  Capt.  John  Anderson  was  a  justice  1710.  member  of  th--  Colonial 
Council  1713.  and  in  subsequent  years  was  President  of  the  Council  in  1736, 
when  in  the  early  part  of  that  year  the  Governor  of  New  Jersey.  William 
Cosby,  died  and  the  government  of  the  State  devolved  upon  Capt.  Ander- 
son, who.  however,  held  the  position  but  eighteen  days,  when  in  1736,  aged 
70  years,  he  also  died,  '•lamented  by  all  his  acquaintances."  Col.  John 
Anderson  had  children  John.  James.  Kenneth.  Jonathan.  Margaret,  Helena. 
Anna,  Elizabeth.  Isabella.     His  will  was  dated  Jan.  20.  1733.  and   proved 


IV  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

April  8,  173(i.  The  son  Kenneth  Anderson  became  a  colonel  and  had  a 
daughter  [sabella,  who  married  Colonel  Nathaniel  Scudder,  a  hero  of  the 
Revolution,  who  was  killed  by  the  Refugees  Oct,  16,  17*1.  Among  tax- 
payers in  Freehold  1770  were  Kenneth  Kenneth,  .Jr.,  Joshua,  James  and 
Matthias  Anderson. 

Anioniiiks  -Johannes  and  wife,  Joanna  Kourvenhoven,  were  mem- 
bers of  Marlborough  Brick  Church,  1724.  Jacob*  Antonides,  b.  Oet.  s, 
1780,  m.  Elizabeth  Sutphen  Dee.  18,  1800;  she  wash.  Oct.  1,  1781;  they 
had  children:  John,  b.  1801;Abram,  1>.  1807;  Archibald,  b.  1808;  Phebe, 
b.  1810;  Deborah,  b.  1812;  Eliza,  b.  1816.  The  son  Abram  married  Lydia 
of  Reuben  Tilton  and  had  children:  Delia  Ann.  Charles,  Elizabeth,  who 
m.  Charles  W.  Ten  Brook,  Ira,  Eleanor,  Deborah  Jane,  Emeline,  who  ni. 
Charles  Curtis,  William  \V.,  Laura,  who  m.  Louis  Lane,  and  Stephen  S 
Johannes  Antonides,  the  tirst  of  the  name  in  Monmouth,  was  m.  to 
Annetze  Willenne,  daughter  of  William  Gerretse  Van  Couvenhoven  and 
wife,  Jannetse  Montfoort  Couwenhoven,  of  Flatlands.  Johannes  was  her 
second  husband,  her  tirst  having  been  Aert  Williamson. 

Antkim — The  Antrims  of  Ocean  County  are  probably  descended  from 
John  Antrim,  who  was  b.  about  1(>57,  and  was  m.  in  1682  at  Salem,  N.  J., 
to  Frances  Butcher,  d.  of  John  Butcher.  He  subsequently  settled  in 
Burlington  County  and  in  the  census  of  old  Northampton  Township,  taken 
1709,  it  is  stated  that  he  was  then  52  yrs  old,  his  wife,  Frances,  ;">();  chil- 
dren, John,  aged  24,  James,  a.  23,  Thomas,  a.  19,  Ann,  a.  17,  Mary,  16, 
Isaac  and  Elizabeth,  twins,  14  John  Antrim,  second  of  the  name,  b. 
about  1685,  m.  Amy  (Mary  ?)  Andrews  in  1714  at  Chester  Nichols'  meeting. 
About  the  first  of  'this  family  in  America  was  Thomas  Antrim  who  left 
Southampton,  England,  on  the  ship  James,  in  1635,  and  landed  at  Boston 
June  3,  and  subsequently  settled  at  Salem,  Mass.  He  had  children,  ( >badiah, 
MaryandJohn.  His  will  was  dated  11m.  24,  1662,  and  names  son  Obadiah  and 
d.,  who  m.  at  Burmah.  John  Hance,  in  his  will,  names  d.  Mary  Antrim. 
John  Antrim  is  named  1692  as  a  member  of  Burlington  Yearly  meeting. 
In  1724  James  Antrim  owned  300  acres  in  Mansfield,  Burlington  County. 
1796,  April  10,  Joseph  Antrim,  of  Burlington  County,  m.  Hannah  Stockton. 
In  upper  Freehold  John  Antrim  and  wife  were  living  at  close  of  last  century. 

Apple  gate  —Thomas  Applegate  and  Bartholomew  Applegate  are 
named  in  Freehold  records  in  1674.  They  were  from  Gravesend,  Long 
Island.  Though  Bartholomew  visited  the  county,  it  is  not  probable  that 
he  settled  in  it.  Thomas  Applegate  m.  Johannah  Gibbons,  d.  of  Richard, 
who  was  one  of  the  twelve  Monmouth  Patentees.  He  d.  about  the  be- 
ginning of  the.  year  1699.  He  left  sons,  Thomas,  John,  Daniel,  Joseph, 
Benjamin  and  Richard.  His  w.,  Johannah,  survived  him  and  she  and  her 
father,  Richard  Gibbons,  were  his  executors.  His  will  was  dated  Feb.  1, 
1698,  and  proved  Feb.  29,  1699.  His  eldest  son  Thomas,  settled  at  Perth 
Amboy.  He  had  w.  Ann;  and  sons  Thomas,  John.  James  and  Andrew. 
Among  the  licenses  to  marry  recorded  at  Trenton  are  the  following: 

Benjamin  Applegate,  of  Middlesex,  to  Elizabeth  Parent,  of  same 
county,  July  18,  1729;  John  Applegate,  of  Middlesex,  to  Sarah  lVttitt,  of 
same  county,  Oct.  6,  1736;  Ebenezer  Applegate,  of  Monmouth,  to  Mary 
Imlay,  July  9,  1743;  James  Applegate,  of  Middlesex,  to  Elizabeth Buckalew, 
Feb.  21,  1744;  Daniel  Applegate,  of  Monmouth,  to  Elizabeth  Hulett,  Jan. 
31,  174r,;  William  Applegate  to  Hannah  Potter,  Monmouth,  Oct.  'is,  1747; 
John  Applegate,  of  Monmouth,  to  Mary  Cottrell,  Sept.  27.  1748. 

Among  marriages  recorded  at  Freehold  are  the  following: 

Jacob  Applegate,  Jr.,  to  Margaret  Luker,  July  10,  1796;  by  Abiel  Akin, 
of  Toms  River:  John  Applegate  to  Sarah  Hudson,  Jan.  l!t,  1799;  by  Ben- 
jamin Lawrence  of  Toms  River.  In  the  patriot  army  in  the  Revolution 
were  the  following  Applegates:  Daniel,  John,  Bartholomew,  Benjamin, 
Robert,  James,  Joseph  and  William  from  Monmouth;  Andrew,  Asher, 
Charles,  Joseph,  Nathaniel,  Noah,  Robert,  Thomas,  William  and  Zebulon 
from  Middlesex;  Daniel,  from  Morris;  William,  from  Hunterdon;  another 
William,  from  Burlington.  In  the  old  Dover  Town  Book  the  name  Apple- 
gate  frequently  occurs. 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  V 

Applegates  of  Ocean  County:  (From  old  family  Bible  of  Elijah 
Robins)  Ebenezer  Applegate  and  Sarah,  liis  wife,  had  children,  viz: 
Apollo,  b.  May  25,  L798;  Salem,  b.  180U;  Angeline,  b.  1802;  Ebenezer,  b. 
L805;  Joseph,  b.  L808;  Moses,  b.  1810;  Sarah,  b.  1813;James,  b.  L815; 
Amanda,  b.  1818;  Helen,  b.  1821.  Of  the  above,  Amanda  m.  Judge  Wm. 
[.James;  Sarah,  James  Robinson;  Angeline,  first,  Clayton  Robins  and 
second,  Col.  Samuel  c.  Dunham.  Joseph  was  the  well  remembered  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  of  Toms  River. 

The  following  ncit«s  an-  also  iii  this  Bible  : 

Ebenezer  Applegate,  d.  Oct.  :i,  1851;  Sarah,  d.  April  24,  1861;  Jacob, 
d.  Oct.  6,  1818,  a.  95  yrs;  Lucinda  Akin.  d.  Dec.  6,  1820;  Moses,  son  of 
Ebenezer,  is  living  1887.  Descendants  of  Thomas  and  Johannah  Apple- 
gate  must  now  number  many  thousands,  and  are  widely  scattered  through- 
out the  country.  Richard  Applegate  of  New  Jersey,  m.  Amy  Fenton  and 
they  had  twelve  children  The  family  moved  to  Westmoreland  county, 
Ph.,  and  thence  to  Louisville,  Ky..  when' he  died  in  17*2.  The  Apple- 
gates  lit'  this  line  are  described  as  having  ••very  large  heads,  and  much 
natural  mechanical  and  mathematical  talent,"  as  being  "a  quiet,  steady, 
solid  race  and  were  held  in  high  esteem  by  their  neighbors."  The  founder 
of  the  Applegate  family  was  Tims.  Applegate,  an  Englishman  who  is  named 
among  the  patentees  of  Flushing,  L.  I.,  in  the  patent  dated  Oct.  19,  1647, 
issued  by  Gov.  Eieft.  In  regard  to  the  origin  of  the  surname  Applegate, 
Lower,  the  best  authority  on  surnames,  says  it  is  from  the  ancient  Saxon 
word  Applegarth.  In  England  were  ancient  families  named  Applegarth, 
Appleyard  and  Applethwaite,  all  meaning  substantially  the  same  -an  apple 
orchard.  Thomas  Applegate  was  of  a  party  that  resid  d  for  a  short  time  in 
Holland  before  they  came  to  Long  Island,  and  their  residence  in  Holland 
indicates  that  they  left  England  becatrse  their  religious  or  political  views 
were  objectionable  to  the  government  of  Charles  I. 

Arney-  Joseph  Arney  was  taxed  in  upper  Freehold  1758.  The  name 
occurs  at  an  earlier  date  in  Burlington  county.  John  Arney  lived  there  in 
1739. 

Archer-  -George  Archer  was  taxed  in  Shrewsbury  17G4.  The  name 
Archer  appears  early  in  Rhode  Island;  John  Archer  was  a  freemen  at 
Portsmouth  near  Newport  in  1G55.  Members  of  this  family  were  alsi  i  early 
settlers  in  Westchester  county.  Descendents  of  the  first  Archers  in  West 
Chester  are  given  in  Bolton's  History.  In  Burlington  county  Isaac  Archer 
was  m.  to  Sarah  Stokes  Nov.  24.  1799. 

Arnold  -  Steven  Arnold  was  among  the  original  purchasers  of  land  of 
the  Indians  in  Monmouth  named  1667.  He  paid  as  his  share  £'.i,  and  was 
awarded  "home  lot"  No.  17  in  the  allotment  at  Middletown,  and  also  an 
outlet  "in  Poplar  field  and  Mountany  field."  At  the  first  General  Assem- 
bly, Dec.  14,  1667,  he  was  a  Deputy  with  James  Ashton  from  Middletown. 
In  1668  his  cattle  marks  are  recorded.  In  1669  he  was  named  as  an  arbi- 
trator in  a  land  case.  At  Barnegat,  Ocean  county,  members  of  the  Arnold 
family  were  settled  during  the  last  century,  and  were  leading  members  of 
the  Society  of  Friends.  This  branch  probably  descended  from  the  Arnold 
family  of  Long  Island.  Richard  Arnold  was  perhaps  the  first  Quaker  of 
the  family  in  New  Jersey,  named  in  1680.  In  the  Quaker  graveyard  at 
Barnegat  are  small  tombstones  to  the  memory  of  Samuel  Arnold,  d.  1817; 
his  w.  Lorany  d.  1839;  John  Arnold  d.  1818.  By  his  side  is  buried  Rachel 
Arnold,  d.  1823.  In  17!)5,  at  Little  Egg  Harbor  Quaker  meeting.  James 
Arnold  was  m.  to  Phebe  Inman.  The  same  year  Samuel  Arnold  was  m.  to 
Rany  (Lorany i  Cox.  Levi  Cranmer,  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Quaker 
Church  at  Barnegat,  who  was   m.  in  1743,  had  a  d.  who  m.  a  John  Arnold. 

Akk  iwsmith  —  Edward  Arrowsmith  was  named  in  Staten  Island  about 
K',s:j  and  Joseph  a  few  years  later.  In  record  of  New  York  marriage 
licenses  is  one  Feb.  1,  17<>2,  for  Joseph  Arrowsmith  and  Martha  PoUom. 
Joseph  was  a  mniilierof  the  Court  (1712 1  on  Staten  Island.  Edward 
Arrowsmith  was  m.  to  Margaret  Angle,  Jan.  2,  1783,  both  of  New  Jersey. 
Major  Thomas  Arrowsmith  of  Monmouth,  was  State  Treasurer  1843-5,  and 
was  Judge  of  the  Court  of    Errors  and   Appeals   for  several  years;  he  m. 


VI  HISTORY    OF  MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Emma  Van  Brakle,  d.  of  Matthias.     George  Arrowsmith,  b.  April  18,  1839, 
fourth  son  of  Major  Thomas,  a  native  of  Monmouth,  was  a  Lieut. -Col.  of 

the  117th  \.  V.  Volunteers,  and  was  killed  July  I,  1863,  at  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg;  he  was  a  graduate  of  Madison  University;  of  fine  intellectual 
attainments,  ami  his  daring  services  in  the  army  gained  him  the  name  of 
the  "Young  Lion."  Of  the  first  of  the  Arrowsmiths  there  were  two  on 
Staten  Island  the  fust  half  of  the  last  century.  Thomas  and  Edward.  They 
i  re  Englishmen  and  appear  to  have  aspired  to  an  aristocratic  position  in 
society.  Their  public  services  were  chiefly  of  a  military  character.  In  the 
burial  ground  of  Christ  church,  Middle  town,  are  tombstones  erected 
to  members  of  the  family  as  follow;; :  Thomas  Arro  Smith,  who  d.  in  Ikuii 
in  the  48th  year  of  his  age;  Gertrude,  w.  of  Peter  Flinn  ami  former  relict 
of  Thomas  Arrowsmith,  d.  1846  in  the  78th  year  of  her  ag<  ;  Joseph  Arrow- 
smith,  d.  Feb.  H,  1816,  in  the  24th  year  of  his  age;  Sarah,  relict  of  Joseph 
Arrowsmith,  d.  July  8,  1842,  in  the  48th  year  of  her  a^e. 

Aksj.ky  -Robert  Arsley  in  1678  received  a  warrant  for  60  acres  of 
land. 

Ashton  James  Ashton  of  Rhode  Island,  settled  at  Middletown  1665, 
and  is  named  in  the  settlement  oi  accounts.  1667,  among  tin-  original  pur- 
chasers. May  25,  1669,  he  was  chosen  a  deputy  to  act  at  the  "general 
court"  or  assembly  to  meet  at  Portland  Point.  He  is  subsequently  fre- 
quently named  in  ancient  records.  At  Middletown  in  Monmouth  County, 
Rev.  James  Ashton  was  the  first  regular  Baptist  minister  and  his  son 
James  was  also  a  baptist  minister  at  Crosswicks  in  Upper  Freehold.  In 
1670  James  Ashton  received  a  warrant  for  1517  acres  of  land.  Under  Grants 
and  Concessions  he  claimed  for  self  and  wife,  as  actual  settlers  in  1665,  240 
acres  of  land.  In  1698  he  executed  a  deed  of  gift  to  his  son  James  for  480 
acres  at  Crosswicks.  The  records  of  Rahway  and  Plainfield  Quaker  meet- 
ings state  thai  Joseph  Ashton  was  permitted  to  m.  Mary  Fitz Randolph, by 
Wbodbridge  Monthly  meeting  7m.  20,  1711.  Among  taxpayers  in  Upper 
Freehold,  1731,  were  John  Ashton,  Esq.,  and  Joseph  Ashton.  In  same 
township,  1758,  Joseph  Ashton  was  taxed  for  200  acres  oi  land.  In  17*>1 
there  was  a  John  Ashton  taxed  in  old  Shrewsbury  township.  The  follow- 
ing marriage  licenses  were  recorded  in  the  Secretary  of  State's  office, 
Trenton: 

Joseph  Ashton  to  Mary  Stillwell,  Eel).  .">,  1740;  John  Ashton  to  Catha- 
rine Taylor,  June  2,  1741;  both  of  above,  Monmouth  County:  Robert  Ash- 
ton to  Hannah  Farnsworth,  Feb.  15,  174N;  Joseph  Ashton,  of  Bucks 
County,  Pa.,  to  Susanna  Nutt,  Jan.  26,  1756;  John  Ashton,  of  Bucks 
County,  Pa.,  to  Mary  Fenton,  of  Burlington  County,  N.  J.,  Feb.  13,  1765; 
Joseph  Ashton,  of  Burlington,  to  Ann  Helsen,  June  19,  1770:  Thomas 
Ashton,  of  Gloucester  County,  to  Hannah  Hugg,  June  1!),  1771;  Eden 
Ashton,  of  Hunterdon  County,  to  Margaret  Louderbank,  Aug.  17.  1780. 
In  1806  Isaac  Ashton  and  wife  .Mary,  and  Elizabeth  Ashton  lived  in  Dover 
township,  now  in  Ocean  County.  The  Ash  tons  were  an  ancient,  honor- 
able family  in  England  and  the  pedigree  of  the  main  brandies  has  been 
preserved.  The  Ashtons,  or  Asshetons  as  the  name  was  anciently  written, 
of  Ashton  under  the  line,  date  back  to  the  time  of  Henry  II  to  Orm  Fit/. 
Edward,  who  m.  Ermina.  d.  of  Baron  Albert  de  (iresly.  Sir  Ralph  Ashton 
of  this  family,  was  Knight  Marshal  of  England  in  the  time  of  Edward  VI, 
anil  was  known  as  the  Black  Knight  of  Ashton.  under  the  line. 

Aumack  John,  Tunis,  Stephen  and  Thomas  Aumack  are  named  in 
Freehold  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century.  The  will  of  John  was  dated 
Jan.  23,  1719.  Tunis  Amak  and  w.  Lena  were  members  of  the  old  Brick 
church,  Marlborough,  1723,  and  Stephen  and  w.  Jannetse  Janse  were  mem- 
bers in  1727.  Stephen,  it  is  said,  had  a  grandson  Matthias  or  Mattavus, 
who  died  at  Middletown  1853.  The  name  Stephen  was  common  in  the 
family.  Tunis,  son  of  John,  it  is  said,  m.  Lena  or  Helena  Lane.  In  1761 
Stephen  and  Tunis  Aumack  were  taxed  in  Middletown.  In  1764  Stephen 
Aumack  was  taxed  in  old  Shrewsbury  township.  In  1766  Jacob  was  taxed 
in  freehold.  In  the  Revolutionary  Army  were  Tunis,  John  and  William 
Aumack.     The  tirst  of  this  family  in   this  country  was  Theunis  Jantz  Van 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  \  n 

Amach  or  Amak,  who  came  OTer  from  Holland  in  1673.  He  settled  at 
Flatlands,  Long  [aland,  and  in  1698  he  had  then  a  wife  (Eyke?)  and  five 
children.  The  Van  was  soon  after  dropped  from  the  name.  In  the  records 
of  the  Marlborough  Brick  Church  Stephen  seems  to  be  the  first  whose  Bur- 
name  is  spelled  Aumack.  Sarah  Aumack  was  m.  to  Gilbeii  Lam  Jan.  10, 
17%,  bj  Esquire  Abie]  Akin  of  Toms  River.  In  Howell  township  William 
Aumack  was  m.  to  Sarah  Stout  March  2.  1  x< m,.  William  Aumack  was  a 
prominent  citizen  and  merchant  at  Cedar  Creek,  Ocean  county;  he  d.  Dec-. 
15,  1851,  a.  71  yrs.  He  had  sons  John,  Elijah,  Eiley,  and  Benjamin 
Franklin. 

Austin,  Austen,  Aston  The  ear  mark  of  William  Austin  is  given  in 
Middletown  Town  Book  1677.  and  it  was  tranferred  to  Richard  Stout,  Jr., 
1695.  In  1687  Wm,  Austone  (probably  the  same)  received  a  patent  for  land. 
Th.-  will  of  Wm.  Aston  was  dated  Oct.  7.  17o.">,  proved  January,  1707, 
named  w.  Jenett,  daughter-in-law  Hannah  Mills:  mentions  his  daughter 
Mary  living  with  Abraham  Brown  near  Crosswick's  Creek,  who,  he  is  in- 
formed, ism.  to  an  Indian  named  Peter  Powell.  Executrix,  w.  Jennett. 
He  made  las  mark  to  will. 

Auckman  Thomas  Auckman  of  Freehold,  May  20,  1714.  His  will 
names  w.  Rachel,  d.  Auch  (?)  Sarah,  Ruth,  Hannah,  and  Mary:  sons  John 
and  Thomas,  Gives  to  Thomas  land  in  AmwelL  He  empowers  executors 
to  si'll  certain  lands  in  case  of  death  of  any  son.     Wife,  executor. 

Baker— -John  Baker  bought  a  tract  of  1(10  acres  of  land  on  Doctors 
Creek,  of  the  Indians,  the  deed  for  which  is  in  the  library  of  the  New  Jer- 
sey Historical  Society.  The  consideration  paid  was  3  guns,  3  kettles.  5 
match  coats.  4  cloth  coats.  4  shirts.  20  knives,  1  pound  powder.  12  bars 
lead  6  pounds  shot.  1  anchor,  tobacco,  1  barrel  beer,  :>n  quarts  rum.  Per- 
haps this  Mas  the  ('apt.  John  Baker  noted  in  the  early  history  of  Elizabeth- 
town. 

Bakkai.ow.  Bakkklo  -Derick  Barkelo  and  Janeke  Van  Arsdale,  his  w., 
were  members  Marlborough  Brick  Church  1711.  Derick  Barkelo,  weaver. 
Freehold,  bought  land  1719  of  Thos.  Foreman  and  Mary,  his  wife.  This 
Derick  was  b.  in  Flatlands.  L.  I.,  and  named  in  assessments  there  1676;  m. 
Sept.  17.  17o'.i.  Jannetze  Van  Arsdalen  of  Flatlands.  Dirk  or  Derick  Bar- 
kelo was  a  son  of  Wm.  Janse  Van  Barkelo.  who  came  to  this  country  16-57 
from  the  town  of  Borculo  or  Borkeloo,  in  the  earldom  of  Zutphen  in  the 
province  of  Guilderland.  William  Janse  Van  Barkelo  resided  for  a  time  in 
.New  Amsterdam  and  afterwards  at  Flatlands,  L.  I.,  at  which  place  he  was 
tssessed  1676  and  '83.  The  will  of  Derick  Barkalow  of  Freehold,  dated 
July.  17'.»4.  proved  Aug.,  1744.  mentions  wife;  sons  Daniel,  William  and 
Cornelius:  daughters  Helena.  Jennet  and  Mary:  grand-daughters  Elizabeth 
and  Jane  Suydam:  sister  A  eltee  Wyckoff.  In  1758  William  Barcalow  was 
taxed  in  Upper  Freehold  for  24-r>  acres.  Among  taxpayers  in  Freehold  1776 
were  Cornelius,  Daniel,  Stephen  and  Samuel  Barkelo  or  Barkaloo. 

Bated —John  Baird  of  Freehold  executed  a  release  to  John  Nismuth 
1714.  The  Brick  Church  Memorial  states  that  John  Baird  came  to  Mon- 
mouth about  1680,  and  it  gives  the  following  amusing  story:  -'The 
Bairds  endeavored,  but  without  success,  to  introduce  a  new  mode  of  court- 
ship. The  first  of  that  name  was  John,  and  tradition  declares  that  one  day 
he  met  Mary  Hall,  whom  he  afterwards  married,  in  the  woods.  As  both 
were  bashful,  they  halted  at  some  distance  from  each  other  under  a  tree. 
It  was  love  at  first  sight,  and  in  a  short  time  John,  who  was  a  Quaker, 
broke  the  silence  by  saying  :  "It  thou  wilt  marry  me,  say  yea;  if  thou  wilt 
not.  say  nay.'  Mary  said  -yea'  and  proved  a  noble  wife  and  mother.''  In 
Freehold  1776.  among  taxpayers  were  Barzillai.  Jonathan,  Obadiah,  Zebulon 
and  David  Baird.  Caroline  E.  Herbert,  d.  of  Joseph,  b.  July  8,  1821,  m. 
Zebulon  Baird,  and  they  settled  in  Southern  Illinois.  The  following  mar- 
riage licenses  are  recorded  at  Trenton:  Zebulon  Baird  of  Monmouth,  to 
Ann  Smith.  Feb.  1,  174M;  David   Baird  to  Sarah  Compton.  Oct  27.  1744. 

Samuel  Baird  to  Susannah  Rogers,  1762:  Andrew  Baird  to  Sarah , 

Oct.  27.  1762;  Zebulon  Baird  to  Lidy  Hildreth.  1765.  In  Topanemus 
graveyard   are  following   inscriptions  on  tombstones  :     John  Baird,  wh<  i 


VI II         HISTOBY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

came  from  Scotland  1683,  d.  April,  17;1~),  a.  about  90  yrs,  and  of  honest 
character.  John  Baird,  Jr.,  d.  Feb.  6,  1717,  a.  4<>  yrs.,  10  days.  Zebulon 
Baird,  d.  Jan.  28,  1804,  a.  83  yrs.,  3  mos.,  15  dys.  Anna,  w.  of  Zebulon 
Baird,  d.  Dec  28,  1794,  a.  63  yrs.,  4  mos.,  11  dys. 

Bashan  Iii  1678  Mrs.  Micall  or  Micha  Spicer,  of  Gravesend,  gave  a 
deed  for  land  in  Monmouth  to  Henry  Bowman,  excepting  a  small  tract  for 
Bashan,  a  negro  man,  to  live  on.  Possibly  he  was  the  " Bash  Shamgungoe" 
named  in  Perth  Amboy  records  and  in  N.  J.  Archives,  vol.  I.,  among  those 
who  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  1668.  Mrs.  Spicer  owned  lands  on  Long 
Island,  in  West  Chester  county,  X.  V.,  and  in  Monmouth.  She  was  the 
mother  of  Samuel  Spicer.  Her  deed  to  Bowman  except  "so  much  of  same 
as  one  Bashan,  a  negro  that  was  sometime  my  servant,  shall  in  one  place 
choose  to  make  use  of  for  his  lifetime."  Dated  4th  mo.,  24,  1678,  and  wit- 
nessed by  John  Tilton,  Sr.,  and  Thomas  Morgan. 

Barnes  Thomas  Barnes,  for  self  and  w.  Mary  and  maid  servant,  re- 
ceived a  grant  of  180  acres  of  land  1(>76.  He  is  named  as  juror  same  year. 
He  died,  and  in  1682  a  grant  was  made  to  Mary  Barnes  and  her  children  of 
1  Hi  acres  in  right  of  her  late  husband,  Thomas  Barnes,  of  Shrewsbury, 
lands  adjoining  Abiah  Edwards,  Lewis  Mattox,  John  Williams  and  others. 
It  seems  the  family  subsequently  removed  to  New  York,  as  in  1679  Susan- 
nah and  Sarah  Barnes,  both  of  city  of  New  York,  deeded  lands  of  "their 
loving  father,  Thomas  Barnes,  late  of  Shrewsbury,"  to  John  Stuart.  Wm. 
Barnes  is  named  1656  at  Gravesend,  L.  I.  Some  of  the  persons  persecuted 
in  Massachusetts  left  there  and  went  to  Rhode  Island,  from  whence  some 
came  to  Old  Monmouth.  A  Thomas  Barnes  was  for  a  time  a  resident  of 
Rhode  Island,  and  he  may  have  been  the  one  who  subsequently  came  to 
Monmouth. 

Barclay— John  Barclay  is  named  as  a  Grand  Juror,  16lJ0.  It  is  not 
probable  that  he  was  long  a  resident  of  Monmouth.  He  was  a  brother  of 
Governor  Robert  Barclay.  He  came  to  America  about  l(is-j  and  returned 
to  England  the  following  year.  A  year  or  two  after,  he  returned  and  first 
took  up  his  residence  at  Elizabeth  town,  then  at  Plainfield,  and  about  1683 
at  Amboy.  In  January,  1689,  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Surveyor  of  East 
Jersey,  under  George  Keith.  He  subsequently  held  other  positions  and  in 
17(14  he  represented  Amboy  in  the  Assembly.  He  died  in  the  Sprint;  of 
1731  at  an  advanced  age,  Leaving  a  son,  John,  who  was  living  in  1768.  In 
17ol  a  deed  recorded  at  Trenton  was  from  Robert  Barclay,  of  Try,  Scot- 
land, one  of  the  proprietors,  to  his  father,  Robert  Barclay — land  in 
Manalapan. 

Bailey,  Baley —  Nathaniel  and  Elias  Daley  were  taxed  1761,  in  Middle- 
town. 

Baylis—  Elizabeth  Baylis,  of  Middletown,  deeded,  171*,  to  Thomas 
Applegate,  blacksmith,  lands  formerly  belonging  to  John  Baylis.  There 
was  a  John  Baylis  at  Jamaica.  L.  L,  1660,  and  Elizabeth  Baylis,  who,  in 
1664,  m.  at  Gravesend,  James  Hubbard,  ancestor  of  Hubbards  of  N.  J. 

Beakes  Edmund  Beakes,  of  Burlington  Co.,  was  a  witness  to 
Friend's  marriage,  Shrewsbury,  1720,  and  in  17:>:>  purchased  land  in  Son- 
man's  Patent,  in  what  is  now  Ocean  Co.,  and  built  a  sawmill.  His  saw- 
mid  was  frequently  referred  to  in  subsequent  years.  In  174"»  it  is  referred 
to  as  an  N.  E.  side  of  North  Branch  Toms  River,  and  as  opposite  Poll 
Bridge  Branch.     In  1758  William  and  David  Beakes  were  taxed  in  Upper 

Freehold. 

Belle,  Beedle,  Biulle  —In  Topanemus  graveyard  is  a  tombstone  erect- 
ed to  Jeremiah  Bedle,  who  d.  in  17:52,  a.  79  years.  Benajah  Bedle,  of  Middle- 
town,  was  licensed  to  m.  Sarah  Orchard,  of  Middletown,  July  21,  1750. 
L*n  the' Revolutionary  Army  were  Joel  and  Thomas  Beedle.  Israel  Bedell, 
a  tory,  of  Stat  en  Island,  in  177'J,  had  property  in  Monmouth  which  was 
confiscated.  Joel  Beadle  bought,  Oct,  2,  1772,  property  of  John  and 
Thomas  Walling,  executors  of  Thomas  Walling.  His  name  is  spelled  both 
Beadle  and  Beddle.  In  17'J4  Elijah  Beddle  and  w..  Elizabeth,  deeded  land 
to  ( iornelius  Covenhoven.  In  1796  Thomas  Beddle  and  Amy  Beddle  deeded 
land  to  Thomas  Smith.     In  1801  Thomas   Beddle  of  Middletown,  bought 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  IX 

land  of  Eendrick  Van  Dome.  In  1807  Thomas  Beddle  bought  land  of  ex- 
ecutors of  John  Wall.  The  same  year  hi-  ami  v.,  Amy,  Bold  to  Gilbert 
Lam-,  and  be  signed  his  name  Bedle;  in  1809  Thomas  and  Amy  Beedle  sold 
land  tn  Richard  Beedle  In  1810,  John  Bedle  and  \\\,  Ann.  are  named. 
Oct  12,  1800,  Joel  Beadle  was  m.  to  Mary  Willett  by  Benjamin  Bennett  V. 
D.  M  Thomas  I.  Bedle  settled  at  Middletown  Pointin  1826,  and  m.  Han- 
nah Dorsett  and  had  two  sons,  Joseph  D.,  1).  1831,  who  became  Governor 
of  New  Jersey.  Richard  Bedle  died  near  Mattawan,  Sept.  7.  1872,  a.  63 
years.  The  name  nf  the  noted  Biddle  family  of  West  Jersey,  to  which 
belonged  Commodore  Biddle  and  also  Nicholas  Biddle  of  United  States 
hank  fame,  was  sometimes  spelled  in  ancient  records  Bedle.  In  1686 
William  Bedle  took  up  270  acres  of  land  in  West  Jersey  and  was  the  an- 
cestor of  the  Biddle  family  of  West  Jersey.  In  1826  Elijah  Bedle  was 
murdered  by  a  negro  slave  named  Tony,  belonging  to  Joseph  Dorsett,  of 
Bethany,  near  Keyport.  Tony  was  executed  on  the  old  race  course  about 
a  mile  from  Freehold  Court  House  by  Sheriff  John  J.  Ely.  who  was  in 
office  1825  to  ls2s.  Janus  Bedle,  a  brother  of  Elijah,  had  a  son  named 
James  Madison  Bedle.  who  was  murdered  in  Calvert  Co..  Mi,  by  a  negro 
named  Albert  Saundas,  in  1873.  Young  Bedle  was  of  a  roving  disposition 
and  left  home  in  1858  and  for  some  reason  had  assumed  the  name  of 
Eugene  Archie  Burdell 

Bennett — Isaac  Bennett  was  one  of  a  company  to  whom  was  granted 
whale  fishing  privileges,  1679.  Arian  is  named  in  court  proceedings  1700. 
William  Bennett  is  named  among  founders  of  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
Freehold.  17or..  Thomas  Bennett,  of  Shrewsbury,  made  will  dated  Oct.  17, 
1717.  In  tax  list  of  Middletown.  1761,  Hendrick  Bennett,  John  Bennett. 
Winance  Bennett.  "William  Bennett.  Sr.,  William  Bennett,  son  of  John, 
and  William  Bennett,  C.  M.,  are  named.  In  tax  list  of  Shrewsbury,  1763, 
William  Bennett  and  Thomas  Bennett  are  named.  Kev.  Benjamin  Ben- 
nett, born  1762,  was  a  Baptist  minister  and  Representative  in  Congress 
1815-19.  He  died  at  Middletown,  Oct.  8,  1840.  In  what  is  now  ( >ceanC6. 
Moses  Bennett  was  m.  to  Patience  Imlay  Aug.  26,  1806,  by  Gabriel  Wood- 
mansee.  About  the  close  of  last  century  David  Bennett  m.  Polly  Holmes. 
d.  of  John  Holmes,  of  Forked  River.  Some  of  the  first  of  the  Bennetts 
in  Monmoirth  descend  from  William  Adrianse  Bennett  who  with  Jaques 
Benton,  both  Englishmen,  bought  of  the  Indians  in  1636,  a  tract  of  900 
acres  of  land  at  Gowanus,  on  New  York  bay.  The  following  m.  licenses 
are  recorded  at  Trenton:  Edward  Bennett,  of  Monmouth,  to  Ann  Boles- 
berry.  Oct..  1767.  Jacob  Bennett  to  Errphame  Davis,  Aug.,  1764.  Jere- 
ruiah  Bennett  to  Ann  Randolph.  Sept.,  1780. 

Beere.  Beees — In  Freehold  records  is  a  copy  of  a  power  of  attorney 
from  Thomas  Clifton  and  his  d.  Patience  Beere,  authorizing  John  Hance  to 
collect  balances  due  from  Abraham  Brown  for  lands,  goods  and  chattels. 
It  is  dated  at  Newport,  R.  I.,  April  14,  1675,  and  recorded  June  26,  1688. 
Thomas  Clifton  was  one  of  the  original  purchasers  1667,  but  did  not  settle' 
in  Monmouth.  He  had  been  a  victim  of  Puritan  persecution  in  Massachu- 
setts because  of  his  Quakerism,  and  his  d.  Hope  Clifton  was  banished  from 
that  province  1658,  not  to  return  under  pain  of  death  for  her  zeal  in  her 
faith.  His  other  daughter,  Patience,  m.  John  Beere.  There  was  a  John 
Beere,  shipwright,  at  Newport  1712-18,  possibly  a  son.  In  West  Jersey, 
Jonathan  Beere  was  member  of  provincial  assembly  1697 — 1701.  Nathan 
Beers  of  Middletown,  was  licensed  to  marry  Sarah  Wame  of  Perth  Amboy, 
Nov.  25,  1749.  He  is  among  taxpayers  1761.  John  Beers  and  Ann,  his  w., 
are  named  in  Monmouth  about  close  of  last  century. 

Berky — Henry  Berry  of  Freehold,  1736,  sold  land  to  James  Newell, 
Perth  Amboy.  He  was  probably  son  of  Henry  Berry  of  Perth  Amboy, 
named  in  city  charter  1718,  who  had  son  Henry. 

.Bibbt,  Bibbe — In  1719  John  Bibby,  of  Northampton  Co..  Va.,  planter, 
eldest  son  of  Esther  Bibbe,  of  said  colony,  widow  of  Thomas  Leonard,  of 
Shrewsbury,  is  named  in  a  deed  recorded  at  Freehold.  Thomas  Bibb  and 
Sarah  Kettle,  of  Burlington,  were  m.  July  27,  1693. 

Bicklet — William    Bickley,    of   New   York,    had   d.    Sarah,    who    m. 


X  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Thomas  Potter,  of  Monmouth;  he  had  also  a  son,  Abraham  Bickley,  who 
settled  in  Burlington  Co.  In  1696  Abraham  Bickley  and  Elizabeth,  bis 
w..  deeded  land  to  Thomas  Potter.  En  17oi  Sarah  Potter  deeds  land  to 
her  father,  William  Bickley,  of  New  York.  In  1707  Win.  Bickley,  of  New 
York,  deeds  lands  in  Monmouth  to  Xath'l  Milner. 

Bigelow— Samuel  Bigelow  in  1773  lived  near  Wrangle  Brook,  above 
Randolph's  saw  mill  on  Davenport  branch  of  Toms  River.  He  is  named 
among  the  adventurous  privateers  who  sailed  out  from  old  Cranberry 
Inlet,  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  was  called  Capt.  Bigelow,  and  he 
seems  to  have  commanded  in  some  expeditions.  In  the  roster  of  officers 
and  men  of  the  Revolution  he  was  rated  as  "mariner." 

Bills— Thomas  Bills  of  Burlington,  bought  lands  in  Monmouth 
of  John  Stirkey  of  Middletown,  1697.  In  17i>3  he  bought  land  of  Richard 
Hartshorne,  and  same  ye  ir  he  and  w.  Johannah  sold  half  the  land  he  occu- 
pied to  his  son-in-law,   Divid  Killie.     Joanna  Bills  m.  George   Williams. 

170S,  27th  of   11th  mo.     The  following  marriage  licenses  are  r< rded  at 

Trenton:  Silvanus  Bills  to  Rebel  Lippencott,  1744;  Richard  Bills  to 
Hannah  Rennels,  1753;  Gsrshom  lulls  to  Margaret  Chamberlain,  1755. 
Thomas  Bills,  probably  second  of  the  name,  of  Shrewsbury:  Gershom  and 
Richard  Bills  were  among  taxpayers  17('4  in  old  Shrewsbury  township. 

Bird — John  Bird  was  among  the  original  settlers  at  Portland  Point, 
near  the  Highlands,  and  had  assigned  to  him  town  lot  No.  6  in  1670.  The 
Bird  family  was  prominent  among  early  settlers  of  Connecticut.  Thomas 
Bird  settle!  at  Hartford  and  left  sons  Joseph  and  James.  John  Bird  was 
taxed  1761  in  Shrewsbury,  probably  in  that  part  now  in  Ocean  county. 
Members  of  the  family  lived  along  Toms  River  during  the  Revolution. 
Catharine  Bird  m.  John  Johnson  March  7,  1796.  In  1805  "John  Bird's 
old  road"  is  named  in  Thomas  Parker's  deed  on  North  Branch  Forked 
River. 

Blackman — Bryan  Blaekman  was  an  early  settler;  letters  of  adminis- 
tration on  his  estate  were  issued  to  Samuel  Leonard  1687.  His  place  was 
referred  to  in  1693  in  a  road  survey. 

Boels,  Boell — The  will  of  Thomas  Boell  of  Freehold  was  dated  March 
20,  1709,  and  proved  Feb.  28,  1710.  Thomas  Boel,  first  of  the  name,  was 
surveyor  of  highways  1694.  Garret  Bowles  is  named  1700-1,  in  troubles 
between  the  settlers  and  proprietors.  The  first  named  Thomas  Bowels  was 
originally  a  Quaker,  but  followed  George  Keith  into  the  Episcopal  Church. 
On  Jan.  1,  1703,  Keith  preached  at  his  house  and  baptized  all  his  children 
— two  sons  and  three  daughters,  and  preached  there  subsequently.  The 
ground  on  which  stands  St.  Peter's  Church,  Freehold,  was  the  gift  of  Thos. 
Boels. 

Bodixe  —  The  Bodine  family,  in  the  southern  part  of  Ocean  county,  are 
of  French  Huguenot  descent.  The  first  members  originally  came  to 
Stateii  Island,  and  from  thence  descendants  came  to  this  county.  Mr. 
Clute  says  the  first  known  member  of  the  family  in  America  was  John 
Bodine,  who  purchased  land  on  Staten  Island  in  1701.  John  Bodine  and 
his  wife  Hester  are  mentioned  in  Staten  Island  records  in  1736  7.  He  had 
a  son  Francois,  who  m.  Marie  Dey,  and  they  had  a  son,  Jean  or  John,  who 

m.  Dorcas ,  and  had   children,  John,  b.  Feb.,   1753,  and  James.    1.. 

Dec.  17,  1758.  The  last  named  John  died  March,  1835,  aged  about  82yrs.; 
James  d.  May  13,  1838,  in  his  Nllth  year.  John  m.  Catharine  Britton  and 
had  children:  John,  Jacob  and  Edmund,  and  perhaps  others.  Of  the 
sons  of  James  Bodine,  two  came  to  what  is  now  Ocean  county  in  1816, 
namely,  Tunis  and  James.  They  originally  located  at  Manahawken,  and 
entered  into  the  mercantile  business.  William  Bodine,  son  of  James  and 
Margaret  Bodine,  who  m.  Rosanna  Willets,  had  children:  George  James 
who  m.  Emeline  Williams,  William  Oakley,  Margaret,  who  m.  Edwin 
Salter,  and  Abraham. 

Bollen — James  Bollen  of  Middletown,  was  m.  to  Elizabeth  Godfrey, 
of  New  York,  Feb.  21,  1689,  and  the  marriage  recorded  in  Freehold.  He 
was  clerk  of  the  count}'  1700  and  thereabouts. 

Booeaem,    Bookem,    Borum — Arian   Boorum    and    Sarah,  his    wife,  of 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  XI 

Freehold,  sold  land  to  Samuel  Hoffmire  L705.     B  t  poor  in 

Freehold  1707.  Himself  and  wife  were  members  Brick  Church,  Marlbor- 
ough This  family  descends  from  Willem  JacobseVan  Boernm,  b.  1617, 
ime  with  his  Bons  from  Amsterdam  in  1649,  and  settled  in  Flatbush, 
L.  I.  He  had  sons,  Hendrick  X\'ill«-iJir<-  and  others.  Hendrick  Willemre 
Van  Boerum,  b.  1642,  m.  about  1663  Maria  Ariaens  and  bad  children. 
Hendrick,  b.  about  1665.  Arie  or  Adriaen  (of  Freehold),  b.  1666,  m.  Sarah 
Smock,  dau.  of  Hendrick  Matthys  Smock;  Louise,  baptized  Oct  ~1\. 
Hendrick,  baptized  July  22,  1683. 

Bobdrn,  Bxjbdkn     Richard,  Benjamin  and   1  the 

:  this  family  named  in  Freehold  records.  The  rirr,t  two  were  anion" 
the  original  purchasers  of  the  land  1667.  They  had  ten  children  The 
Freehold  records  make  frequent  mention  of  Francis  and  Benjamin  Borden 
and  of  members  of  their  families.  The  courts  were  occasionally  held  at 
the  house  of  Francis  in  Shrewsbury  Township.     Des  ■:'  the  Bor- 

den family  went  with  other  Jerseymen  to  the  Valley  of  Virginia  about  17:54 
and  subsequently.  Most  of  the  Holmes  family  of  <  >1<1  Monmouth,  have 
Richard  Borden  for  an  ancestor  as  Sarah  Borden,  sister  of  Francis  and 
Benjamin,  m.  Jonathan  Hobnes,  and  their  descendants  are  very  numerous 
in  Monmouth  and  elsewfr 

Bower,  Bowers  —  William  Bower  was  taxed  in  Upper  Freehold  in  1758. 
In  lT'.T  John  Bower  and  Elizabeth,  his  w.,  formerly  w.  of  Wm.  Hoffmire, 
I  land  to  John   Covenhoven  of  Middletown.     Joseph  Bower  of  Mon- 
th, had  license  to  m.  Sarah  Mayple,  June  15,  17 

1 !  iwkb — William  Bowne,  ancestor  of  the  Bownes  of  Monmouth,  settled 
at  Salem,  Mass.,  some  four  years  before  the  arrival  there  of  Obadiah 
Holmes.  In  1636  he  was  granted  forty  acres  of  land  at  Jeffries  Creek.  His 
eldest  son,  John  Bowne.  was  subsequently  named  in  the  Monmouth 
Patent.  This  John  Bowne  was  a  friend  of  the  first  settlers  i  if  Mi  inmouth, 
and  paid  for  a  share  of  land  bought  of  the  Indians,  though  he  did  nol  -  - 
tie  in  the  county.     William  Bowne.  the  father,  probably  d.  about  1677. 

Bowkee.  Bowgab— William  Bowgar  had  250  acres  of  land  in  N 
Hanover  township.  Burlington  county,  in  1724.  Among  marriage  li 
recorded  in  Trenton  during  last  century  there  were  a  dozen  or  bo  persons 
of  this  family  in  Burlington  county.  In  what  is  now  Ocean  county. 
Michael  Bowker  was  m.  to  Lucratea  Applegate,  Nov.  17.  1805,  by  Esquire 
Benjamin  Laurence.  Samuel  Bowker  bought  land  near  Waretown  in  Is!! 
of  Eli  Soper  and  w.  Abigail.  A  brother  named  Michael  Bowker,  probably 
the  one  who  m.  Lucratea  Appleg   I  -    imong  fir^t  emigrants  from  what 

is  now  Ocean  county,  to  Ohio.     His  sister  Abigail  m.  Samuel  Wi 
b.  1797,  and  they  moved  to  Highland  county,  Ohio,  about   1818,  and  had 
I  chiblren.     She  was  living     I  X-      Lexington,  Ohio,  in  18S7.  in  her 
>>7th  year. 

Boudk,  Bowde — John  Boude,  or  Bowde  of  Freehold,   carpenter,  sold 
land-  17' 1 1  to  Richard  James,  and  bought  land  of  John  Pie-  1  an  1  Eve,  his 
.  ild,  1717.     He  also  bought  land  of  John  Emans  171s.  The 
name  is  spelled  both  Boude  and  Bowde  in  Freehold  records. 

Boyo — Rev.  John  Boyd  was  first  the  Scotch  Presbyterian 

Church,  organized  about  1705.  He  was  qualified  as  preacher  by  the  court 
May  29,  1706,  and  d.  in  1708. 

J;   v-.  Buys — Joha:.  >r  Boys,  bought  land  171s  of  John  Ro- 

mine  and  w.  Gertrude;  Boys  or  Buys  said  to  lie  'late  of  Middletown,  now 
of  Freehold." 

Beat — John   Bray   had   wan-ant  for  50  acres  on  Hop   River.  Ma;    _ 
H-  is  named  as  a  Grand  Juror  1695  and  1699,  and  in  the  troubles  of 
1 7'  h  i  and  1701,  between  the  settlers  and  the  proprietors,  he  was  quite  active 
on  the  side  of  the   settlers.     John  Bray  holds  an  honorable  place  in  the 
history  of  the  Baptist    S  of  N        Jersey,  as        _    -"the  land.  fe>ur 

and  one-third  acres,  on  which  to  build  the  old  Baptist  Church  Middletown 
and  fi  >r  pars.  raage  and  burial  gr<  rand.  The  church  was  long  known  as  Bray's 
Meetinghouse.  It  i-  said  that  he  was  a  "man  of  gifts'  and  a  preacher, 
but    possibly  not    ordained.      In   the   year  1711    an  unfortunate  dirt 


xil  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

arose  in  the  church  ;ui<l  one  party  excommunicated  the  other  and  imposed 
silence  on  John  Bray  and  John  Okison.  The  church  difficulty  whs  referred 
to  a  council  which  met  May  12,  1712.  The  advice  of  the  council  was  "to 
bury  the  proceedings  in  oblivion  and  erase  the  records  of  them"  and  to 
sign  a  covenant  relative  to  future  conduct.  Accordingly,  42  signed  it 
and  26  refused.  This  record  shows  that  the  number  of  members  in  1711  - 
12  was  68.  Andrew  Bray  and  Daniel  Dray  are  called  brothers  by  Nebe- 
miah  Downe  in  his  will  1736.  In  1739  Andrew  1! ray  of  Freehold,  bought 
50  acres  of  land  of  James  Rochead.  In  1761  John  Dray  and  Samuel  Dray 
were  assessed  in  Middletown.  In  171)0  Daniel  Dray  bought  land  near 
Toms  River.  In  1713  John  Dray  had  500  acres  in  new  Indian  purchase 
above  Falls  of  Delaware. 

Dreese — Sidney  Breese  was  taxed  17(14  in  Shrewsbury.  Samuel 
Dreese  bought  land  of  Deter  Van  Brock  Livingston,  who  m.  Mary  Alexan- 
der, in  1772;  Samuel  S.  Dreese  was  for  many  years  a  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
and  Judge,  and  held  other  positions.  Joseph  Dreese  was  a  settler  at 
Goodluck  in  the  early  part  of  the  present  century.  His  dan.  Sarah  mar- 
ried Captain  Benjamin  Stout;  his  daughter  Jane  was  married  to 
John  Lane,  Aug.  3,  1800.  Sidney  Breese,  the  first  of  the  name, 
was  born  in  Shrewsbury,  England,  in  170V)  and  died  in  New  York  in  1767. 
He  was  a  Jacobite.  He  came  to  New  York  in  1756  where  he  in.  Elizabeth 
Pinkerman.  He  was  an  eccentric  character  and  wrote  the  following  epitaph 
over  his  grave  in  Trinity  Church  yard: 

"  Ha !  Sidney  !  Sidney  ! 
Lyest  thou  here  ? 

I  here  lye 
Till  time  is  flown 
To  its  extremity." 

He  had  been  an  officer  in  the  British  Navy.  He  was  a  merchant  in 
New  York,  but  owned  property  in  Shrewsbury.  The  only  son  of  Sidney 
Breese  was  Samuel,  who  came  to  Shrewsbury  about  1767.  He  m.,  first 
wife,  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  Finley.  Their  dan.  Elizabeth  Ann 
was  born  Sept.  29,  1766,  and  baptized  in  First  Presbyterian  Church,  New 
Y'ork,  Nov.  y,  1766.  It  is  said  that  this  dau.  subsequently  m.  Rev.  Jede- 
diah  Morse,  author  of  early  school  geographies,  and  father  of  Prof.  Samuel 
Finley  Breese  Morse  of  telegraph  fame.  In  regard  to  Elizabeth,  the  second 
wife  of  Samuel  Breese,  she  is  said  to  have  been  the  dau.  of  John  Garland ; 
by  others  that  she  was  dau.  of  Rev.  James  Andei'son.  Samuel  Breeze  was 
appointed  Colonel  of  the  3d  Regiment  of  Monmouth  militia,  but  resigned 
in  July,  1776,  on  account,  as  he  stated,  of  the  great  backwardness  of  the 
people.  It  was  ordered  that  his  resignation  be  accepted.  Col.  Breese  was 
early  active  in  the  patriot  cause. 

Drinley,  Brindley — The  first  of  this  name  mentioned  in  Freehold 
records  was  Francis  Brinley  of  Rhode  Island,  who  paid  for  a  share  of  land 
bought  of  the  Indians  1667-70.  He  did  not,  however,  come  here.  He 
was  a  prominent  citizen  of  R.  I. — Governor's  assistant,  leading  Judge,  etc. 
He  was  named  at  Newport,  R.  I.,  1652,  and  was  son  of  Thomas  Brinley, 
who  was  auditor  of  the  revenues  of  King  Charles  I,  and  b.  1591.  A  de- 
scendant of  Francis  Brinley  named  Edward,  m.  Janet  Parker  of  the  Perth 
Amboy  Parker  family,  and  their  son  was  Francis  W.  Drinley,  the  well- 
remembered  surveyor  in  Ocean  and  Monmouth  counties  thirty  years  ago. 
The  first  of  this  family  who  settled  in  Monmouth  was  William,  son  of  Wil- 
liam Drinley  of  Rhode  Island.  He  m.  a  dau.  of  William  and  Sarah  Reape. 
The  son  William  is  named  in  Monmouth  in  1697.  In  1704 hem.  Elizabeth, 
dau.  of  George  Corlies  who  refers  to  them  in  his  will,  and  the  will  of  Sarah 
Reape  refers  to  him  as  her  grandson.  In  1742-3  and  thereabouts  William 
Drinley  took  up  much  land  in  what  is  now  Drick  township  and  vicinity.  In 
1751)  William  Brinley,  Esq.,  and  his  son  John,  deeded  land  at  Potapeek 
Neck  to  Joseph  Warded,  son  of  Samuel.  Joseph  Warded  was  a  son-in-law 
of  William  Drinley.  Thomas  Drinley,  son  of  Samuel,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau. 
of  John  Woodmansee  and  had  children  Leonard  W.,  Hannah  and  Eliza.  He 
moved  to  Ohio  about  ls:{2,  where  his  children  married. 


.,1  NEALOGICAL    RECORD.  Mil 

Hkiiimn.  Barrros  John  Brittain  and  w.  Elizabeth  were  named  17l> 
as  living  in  old  Shrewsbury  township,  in  a  deed  to  Jeremiah  Stillwell.  It 
is  probable  that  he  was  related  to  the  Stairwells,  who  at  one  tune  lived  at 
Gravesend,  L.  I.,  where  Nathaniel  Brittain  is  aamed  1660  as  a  son-in-law 
ol  the  noted  Capt.  Nicholas  Stillwell,  ancestor  of  the  stillwells  of  Monmouth 
ami  elsewhere.  In  Burlington  county,  N.  J.,  Joseph  Britten  owned  255 
acres  in  Nottingham,  1724  In  Upper  Freehold  among  taxpayers  1758  were 
Abram  and  Richard  Britton.  in  Freehold  177(1  Israel  Brittain  was  taxed 
Joseph  Britton,  named  frequently  as  a  town  official  in  old  Dover  Town 
Books. 

Bbown  Nicholas  Brown  of  Rhode  Island  was  among  the  original  pur- 
chasers of  land  in  Monmouth  1667;  Abraham  Brown  and  Nicholas  were 
among  the  first  settlers,  and  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  in  Middletown  1668. 
He  d.  1694  and  left  will.  His  children  were  Nicholas,  Abraham,  Jane  and 
William.  The  first  two  are  supposed  to  be  the  ones  aamed  among  tirst 
Bottlers  of  Monmouth.  Nicholas  Brown  m.  Katherine  Almy  West,  widow 
of  Bartholomew  West,  about  1673  or  '4.  It  seems  possible  that  he  was 
twice  married,  as  cue  Nicholas  Brown,  an  extensive  land  owner,  m.  Mary, 
dan.  of  John  Chambers;  she  wasb.  about  1675.  In  1711  Nicholas  and 
Mary  Brown  deeded  land  to  Gawen  Drummond.  In  the  Itevolutionary 
war  there  was  a  noted  pat  lint  named  Samuel  Brown,  who  lived  on  the 
south  branch  of  Forked  River  in  Ocean  county.  After  the  war  he  removed 
to  Manahawken.  In  17'.»3  he  bought  land  in  Stafford  township  of  Thomas 
Letts.  The  descendants  of  this  Samuel  are  quite  numerous  and  widely 
scattered.  Clayton  and  Thizza  Brown  had  several  children,  one  son.  Tims. 
Brown,  b.  1800,  living  at  Dayton  1885.  Most  of  this  family  went  West, 
some  about  1813  aud  others  about  1820.  Some  lemain  in  Ohio  and  others 
are  scattered  in  Indiana,  Illinois,  San  Francisco.  Taconia,  Pngets  Sound, 
etc.  The  following  marriages  are  recorded  at  Freehold  :  Elizabeth  Brown 
was  m.  to  John  Crane  March  '_':!.  1811;  Mary  Brown  to  Ephraim  Predmore, 
Feb.  10,  1810;  Catrine  Brown  to  Kenneth  Hankinson,  July  12,  1797;  Nancy 
Brown  to  Samuel  Malsby,  Sept.  1,  1*03;  Mary  Brown  to  Nathan  Cranmer, 
Jan.  12,  1 7 '. t o .  In  .Mount  Holly  records  it  is  stated  that  Samuel  B.  Brown 
in.  Ann  Eempton  July  'I'l.  1707.  The  will  of  Joseph  Brown  of  Chester- 
field, Burlington  county,  was  proved  1811.  The  will  of  Thomas  Brown 
was  made  1806,  and  names  w.  Sarah  and  sisters  Elizabeth  Coalman  and 
Theodosia  Blew.     No  children  named. 

Brower,  Brewer— The  founder  of  the  Brower  family  was  Adam  Brou- 
wer  Berckhoven  (so  styled),  bom  at  (Vulen  (Cologne)and  came  to  this 
country  about  1642  and  settled  in  New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York,  house 
of  lot  of  Hendrick  Jansen.  In  1656  he  lived  on  Long  Island.  The  son. 
Jacob  Brower,  in.  Anna  Borgardus.  He  died  1733  and  his  son  Adam  came 
to  Monmouth.  Adam  Brouwer,  b.  in  Brooklyn,  March  29,  1696,  came  to 
Monmouth  and  it  is  said,  settled  in  vicinity  of  Farmingdale.  His  wife 
was  Deborah,  dau.  of  George  and  Elizabeth  Allen.  He  d.  1769.  In  old 
Shrewsbury  Township  1764.  among  taxpayers  were  George  Brower  and 
George,  Jacob,  Lazarus,  William.  William,  Jr.,  Samuel  and  Adam 
Brewer. 

Bryan — Isaac  Bryan  for  self,  wife,  four  children  and  eight  servants. 
received  a  warrant  in  1679  for  840  acres  of  land  at  Poplar  Swamp,  Shrews- 
bury. In  1683  Morgan  Bryan  is  named  in  a  bill  of  sale  to  Hi  chard 
Gardiner. 

Brter — Joseph  Bryer  was  among  original  purchasers  of  land  in  Mon- 
mouth 1667.  He  did  not  settle  in  the  county,  but  his  right  was  transferred 
to  Sarah  Reape,  who  took  up  120  acres  of  land  in  his  right. 

Bockalew — In  1773  John  Buckalew  of  Middlesex  bought  land  in  Mon- 
mouth. A  tradition  states  that  the  first  of  this  family  came  to  America  in 
the  noted  ship  Caledonia  on  her  last  trip  about  1715.  The  date  is  evidently 
erroneous,  as  the  first  of  the  family  came  some  time  before.  Peter  Bucka- 
lew of  Middlesex  bought  land  in  1688  and  in  1711.  He  probaby  d.  in  17ls. 
In  17nj  Frederick  Buckalew  of  Berth  Amboy,  bought  land  at  Cheesequakes. 
He  was   constable    171K.     In    1741   Peter  Buckalew   had    lands   at  Cheese- 


XIV  HISTORY   OP   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

quakes.  The  well-remembered  James  Buckalew,  for  whom  Jamesburg 
was  named,  d.  May  30,  L869,  in  the  68th  year  of  bis  age.  He  was  of 
Scottish  descent.  The  family  settled  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  what  is 
now  known  as  Jamesburg,  on  the  road  Leading  to  Half  Acre.  Mr.  Bucka- 
lew was  b.  Aug.  13,  1801.  He  was  m.  December,  1829,  to  Miss  Marga- 
ret D.  Snedeker  of  Cranbury,  who  survived  him.  Six  children  were  b.  to 
them.  He  took  up  bis  residence  at  the  place  which  appropriately  hears  his 
name,  in  1832,  and  here  his  long,  active  life  was  passed.  He  took  an  active 
interest  in  the  Camden  and  Amboy  Railroad,  which  came  into  existence 
during  his  residence  at  Jamesburg.  He  was  also  closely  connected  with 
the  Delaware  and  Raritan  Canal,  having  had  exclusive  charge  of  the  towing 
husiness  until  within  four  or  five  years  of  his  decease.  He  was  one  of  the 
original  projectors  of  the  Freehold  and  Jamesburg  Railroad,  and  likewise  of 
the  branch  to  Farmingdale.  His  son.  Hon.  John  D.  Buckalew,  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  from  Middlesex  and  Sheriff  of  the  county. 
Another  son,  Colonel  Isaac  S.  Buckalew,  was  known  as  one  of  the  most  ac- 
complished railroad  superintendents  in  the  country. 

Bunnell,  Bonnell — In  Monmouth  county  John  Bunnell  is  named  at 
Wequatunk,  1737.  This  family  is  said  to  he  of  Huguenot  origin,  and 
about  the  first  members  named  in  this  country  wen-  Nathaniel,  William 
and  John  and  Benjamin,  who  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  1657.  Edward 
Bonnell's  cellar  swamp  on  North  branch  of  Forked  River  is  named  in  sur- 
veys 1750,  and  frequently  referred  to  in  other  surveys  subsequently.  The 
late  Capt.  Samuel  R.  Bunnell  of  Bayville  said  his  grandfather  was  named 
Joseph  Bunnell,  who  m.  a  Pittenger  from  Arneytown.  Joseph  Bunnell, 
Sr.,  lived  about  1800-10  by  Forked  River  millpond,  and  Samuel  R.,  when 
a  child,  lived  with  him. 

Burrows — Steven,  John  and  Thomas  Burrows  are  called  sons  by  Mary 
Oakley  of  Monmouth,  in  her  will  dated  1712.  The  name  of  Burrows  occurs 
early  at  Providence,  R.  L,  where  "William  was  freeman  1655.  At  Newtown, 
L.  I.,  Joseph  Burrows,  of  English  birth,  was  progenitor  of  those  who  spell 
their  names  Burroughs  ;  he  was  at  Salem.  Mass..  1635,  and  went  thence  to 
Newtown,  L.  I.,  where  he  became  a  leading  man.  During  the  Revolution 
the  house  of  John  Burrowes  at  Middletown  Point,  was  attacked  by  Refu- 
gees, principally  for  the  purpose  of  trying  to  make  prisoner  his  son  John, 
Jr.,  who  was  a  major  in  the  Continental  army.  They  were  unsuccessful 
in  that  particular  object  but  took  the  father  prisoner,  who,  however,  was 
soon  exchanged.  John  Burrowes  was  Sheriff  of  Monmouth  17*1  5. 
Among  persons  taxed  in  Middletown  in  17<d  were  John  and  Edward  Bur- 
rowes. Rev.  John  Burrowes  became  pastor  of  the  Middletown  Baptist 
church  in  1738,  and  d.  there  Nov.  24,  1785.  He  was  never  married.  Many 
oi  the  old  members  of  the  Burrowes  family  were  buried  at  the  old  Mount 
Pleasant  graveyard. 

Purtis— This  family,  it  is  said,  descends  from  Peter  Cesar  Albertus,  a 
Venetian  who  came  from  Italy  to  New  York  at  least  as  early  as  1639.  A 
deed  March  26,  1806,  from  Samuel  and  John  Burtis,  executors  of  William 
Burtis,  their  father,  to  their  brother  William  for  253  acres,  speaks  of  the 
tract  as  being  the  same  conveyed  by  Richard  Burtis  to  his  son  William  by 
deed,  dated  March  2:',,  17<'i7.  This  land  was  situated  westward  of  Homers- 
town,  near  Crosswicks  Creek,  and  is  now  owned  by  descendants.  The 
will  of  William  Burtis  of  Upper  Freehold  was  executed  April,  1804.  The 
will  of  James  Burtis  of  Upper  Freehold,  who  d.  June  11,  1874,  was  dated 
Nov.  21,  1861.     Executors,  sons  John  W.  and  Richard  W. 

Bui  k  John  Buck  is  named  in  a  suit  with  James  Johnson  1686.  Aaron 
Buck,  in  1764,  sold  land  in  Toms  River.  He  d.  about  17*7,  as  in  that  year 
an  inventory  on  his  property  was  taken  by  George  Cook  and  Abiel  Akins, 

appraisers.     It   is   said  he  committed  suicide.     He  m.  Dillon  and 

left  two  dan.,  one  of  whom.  Catharine,  m.  Judge  Ehenezer  Tucker,  for 
whom  Tuckerton  was  named;  the  other  dan.  m.  John  Rogers,  father  of  the 
late  Samuel  and  Janus  1).  Rogers.  When  Toms  River  was  burned  in  1783. 
Aaron  Buck's  house  was  one  of  the  two  spared.  It  is  supposed  that  this 
was  because  his  w.  was  a  niece  of  the  Refugee  pilot  Dillon.      In  1804  Ethoda 


GENEALOGK  AL    BECORD.  XV 

Imlay,  widow  of  l>r.  William  E.  Imlay,  of  Ton 
dower  to  Margaret  Buck. 

B   kdge    In  1758  Jonathan  Burdg  and   w.  Mary,  sold  land  to  William 
Whitlock  for  £503.10.      I  b<  ;■    signed  their  name  "JJnrdg;"     Among  tax- 
-  in  Middletown,  1761,  were  David,  John  Patience  and  1'riah  Bnrdge. 
In  Shrewsbury    1764  ph  Bnrdge  ;m<l  Widow  Mary  Bnrdge.     En 

_  Samuel  bnrdge  and  w.  deeded  land  to  Win  C<>x  and  they  are  named 
in  other  deeds.  In  1712  Samuel  Bnrdge  of  Philadelphia,  gentleman,  was 
an  administrator  of  an  estate  in  West  Jersey.  The  name  of  this  family  ap- 
pears early  in  West  Jersey.  In  1705  William  Bnrdge  in  right  of  his  w.  and 
her  sisters  had  570  acres  Id  I  He  is  named  in  land  grants 

also  17b".  and  other  datea  William  Burge  i>  also  named  in  Morris  County 
1715.  It  is  possible  that  tin-  Monmouth  family  may  be  descended  from 
Jonathan  Bun  Hempstead,  L.  I..  II  - 

Butchjku — John  Butcher  and  barzillai  Burr  bought  th<  I      hat 

is  now  Burrvilh  .  ago,  and  it  was  long  known 

The  Butcher  family  i-  an  ancii-nt  one  in  W<  >t  Ji 
Tin-  first    who  came  John  ami  William  Butcher   who   arrived 

>ndied  ami  his  w.  Margaret,  married  Georgi   Hasel- 
wood;  his  dau  I  .  1682,  3  hn  Antrim.     Members  of  the  family 

early  settled  in  Burlington  In  172-1  John  Butcher  had  house  and  lot  in 
Burlington  and  Samuel  owned  141  acres  in  Springfield  Township,  in  1733 
John  Butcher  owned  farm  in  Springfield 

Campbell — John  CamelTs   cattle  mark        -  rded  Feb.,    1687,   in 

Middletown  Town  Book.     He   was   witness  to  will  of  Thomas  Con 
1  Id,  1723.     In  1690  Archibald  Campbell,  •■workman."  bought  land 

of  Peter  Bury.  In  1701  he  claimed,  in  right  of  his  father,  Lord  Neil 
Campbell,    1,350    aci  •     were    two    Archibald    Campbells;    one 

brought  over  by  John  Campbell  as  servant  tor  John  Dobie  about  1681;  the 
other  s  son  E  Lord  Neil  Campbell,  who  came  over  with  hi>  father  1685. 
The  nr>t  named  Archibald  d.  1702  and  appointed  J*  Jin  Campbell  his  heir 
and  executor.  The  son  of  Lord  Neil  returned  to  England  and  was  known 
as  Dr.  Archibald  Campbell.  He  became  an  eminent  divine,  Bishop  of  the 
Episcopal  Church  in  Scotland  1711,  and  died  1744. 

1    lMBURN — This  family  is  mainly  found  in  the  lower  part  of  0 
It  is  probable  that  William  Camburn,  who  had  faring  man.  was 

tin-  first  of  the  family  and  settled  in  the  upper  part  of  Waretown  about 
the  place  occupied  in  late  years  by  Capt.  Jacob  Birdsall  Jr..  and  then  re- 
moved  neai  ek.     He  had  two  sons,  William  ami  Joseph.    William 

settled  in  Barnegat  about  1793.     Wm.  Camburn.  Sr.,  it  is  said,  m.  a  dau. 
n  Cranmer,  and  had  five  m^  and  two  dans.     The  dauls  Kachel  m. 
Union    and    E^th^r    m.    David  Rulon— two   sisl     -        irrying   two 
brother-.     Joseph  Camburn  m.  Mary  A.  Carr,  Sept.  20,  1810.     Lon-_'evity 
1   quite   usual   in  this  family.     William  Camburn  of  Waretown,  d. 
April.  1884,  aged    84    years.     John  Camburn  oJ  \  'lied   the  same 

year,     s       -  -      Daniel  Camburn.  of  Oyster  Creek,  and  Samuel  Cam- 

burn,  of  Barnegat,  were  also  probably  over  80  yi  -    at  their  d< 

S^me  of  the  older  member-  of  thought  the  name  ('ami  urn  was  originally 
Cameron. 

Camock —Nathaniel  Camock  had  patents  for  land  1681  and  lo*7;  lie  is 
named  as  Grand  Juror  1693,  etc  Ln  his  will,  which  i>  dated  Shrewsbury. 
171'i.  he  i>  called  Cammick     He  had  five  children. 

<  Annan.  Cannon  Patrick  Carman,  of  Freehold,  1690,  sold  land  Jos. 
Carman,  cooper,  and  Wm.  Cannan.  tinner,  sold  lands  inherited  from  their 
lather.  The  nam-r  was  originally  ;_dven  as  Cannan.  but  subsequently,  very 
commonly  as  Cannon. 

man — Samuel  Carman's  will  dated  Aug.  20,  172>.  and  pi 
1"<.  1729,  named  wife  Sarah.  >ons  John  ami   Timothy:  dau.  Sarah  Langlun. 
John  and  Timothy.     John  Carman,  d.   1741.   left    widow 
Margaret,  and  on  his  estate  letters  of  administration  were  granted  I 
Carman  and  John  Dorset.     Elijah  Carman,  of  Monmouth  Co.,  in  1^«i»'i  had 
wife  Many,  and  sons  George  and  John. 


XVI  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Cassaboom  During  the  lust  century  a  person  of  this  name  settled 
in  Barnegat,  where  Capt.  HowardSoper  now,  1886,  lives.  At  that  time  must 
of  the  settlers  lived  near  the  bay.  He  eventually  removed  to  Smith  Jersey. 
The  Cassaboom  family,  it  is  supposed,  descend  from  Jan  Evertzen  Kar- 
senboom,  who  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  in  Bergen,  NT.  J.,  1665,  and  is 
also  named  in  New  York  same  year;  he  joined  the  Dutch  Reformed  Church 
New  York.  Feb.  27,  1679. 

Cabe  Robert  Carr,  of  Rhode  Island,  was  among  those  who  paid  for  a 
share  of  land  1667-70.  In  May,  1635,  Robert  Carr,  aged  21  years,  and  ('aid, 
Carr,  aged  11  years,  came  from  England  and  settled  in  Rhode  Island  and 
both  an-  named  as  freemen  at  Newport,  1655.  Caleb  was  Deputy  and  in 
May,  1695,  was  elected  Governor  of  Rhode  Island  and  died  the  following 
December.  The  Carrs  of  Ocean  Co.  are  probably  descendants;  it  is  said 
that  a  Caleb  Carr  was  the  first  who  came  and  settled  near  and  below  Mana- 
hawkin.  Mary  A.  Carr  m.  Joseph  Cambum  Sept.  10,1810.  Phebe  Carr 
in.  Joseph  Ridgway  Oct.  25,  1810,  In  1740  Caleb  Carr  came  from  Rhode 
Island  to  Little  Egg  Harbor.  He  had  five  sons.  James  Carr,  one  of  the 
sons,  had  w.  Phebe,  and  settled  at  Manahawkin  and  they  were  progenitors 
of  the  Carrs  of  that  place.  Catharine  Carr,  possibly  a  dau.  of  Caleb,  m. 
Asa  I  'raiimer. 

Cabhaet  Thomas  Carhart,  weaver,  of  Middletown,  sold  land  1684. 
Thomas  Carhart  was  was  second  of  the  name,  had  w.  Mary,  who  d.  1737, 
aged  41  years.  John  Carhart  was  taxed  1761  in  Middletown.  There  was  a 
Thomas  Carhart  came  to  America  1683.  He  had  a  tyrant  for  165  acres  on 
Staten  Island  in  1692;  Thomas  and  w.  removed  to  Woodbridge  May,  1695. 
But  there  was  one  Thomas  earlier  named  in  Monmouth. 

Carter  —Thomas  Carter  was  one  of  the  first, probably  the  first,  of  this 
name  in  Old  Monmouth,  named  1689,  in  Court  proceedings. 

Cahwithet — David  Carwithey,  whose  dau.,  Elizabeth,  in.  Wrn.  Oran- 
mer,  from  whom  descend  the  Oranmers  of  Ocean,  lived  at  Salem,  Mass., 
1644;  he  shortly  after  removed  to  Southold,  L.  I.  His  will  is  recorded  in 
Surrogate's  office,  New  York  City,  Lib.  1,  page  8.  It  was  dated  Aug.  30, 
1665,  and  proved  proved  Jan.  4,  1666.  It  named  sons  Caleb  and  David, 
daus.  Elizabeth  Crowmer  (Crannier),  Sarah  Curtis  and  Martha,  dau.  Sarah 
('urtis,  sole  executrix.  To  Elizabeth  Crannier  he  gave  £9.  The  will  ap- 
pears to  be  dictated  and  is  not  signed.  His  son  Caleb  and  son-in-law,  Win. 
Crannier.  were  among  original  settlers  of  Elizubethtown,  New  Jersey. 

Chad  wick— The  name  Chadwick  is  often  pronounced  Shaddock  and  some- 
times given  as  Shattock,  whichname  properly  belongs  to  another  family. 
In  Freehold  records  Thomas  and  William  Shaddock  are  named  as  paying 
for  land.  "William  Shattock  eventually  removed  to  Burlington  County; 
Samuel  Shaddock  is  named  among  inhabitants  of  Shrewsbury  who  took 
the  oath  of  allegiance  1668.  Thomas  and  Samuel  "Shaddock"  probably 
were  first  in  Monmouth  named  of  the  family  who  now  spell  their  name 
Chadwick.  Among  taxpayers  in  old  Shrewsbury  Township,  1764,  were 
Wm,  chadwick  and  John  Chadwick.  Thomas  Chadwick  was  a  captain  in 
Third  Regiment,  State  Militia,  during  the  Revolution,  and  incidents  in  his 
service  are  given  in  notices  of  Refugee  raids  in  Monmouth.  His  dau. 
Anna,  m.  Esq.  Daniel  Stout,  of  Goodluck.  Jeremiah  Chadwick  was  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  company  of  Capt.  Thomas  Chadwick.  Tabor  Chadwick  was 
b.  1773,  d.  1S43.  Hem!  Deborah  Lon»street  b.  July 25, 1787,  d.  Sept  14.  1883; 
they  had  12  children.  Tabor  Chadwick  w's  prominent  and  active  in  religious 
matters.  Francis  Chadwick.  son  of  Tabor,  was  b.  at  Fed  Bank  and  m. 
Sept.  '.i.  18S5,  Margaret  A.  Parker,  dau.  of  Capt.  Joseph  Parker,  of  Fed 
Rank,  and  had  children,  Richard  L..  Joseph  P.,  Mary  H.,  who  m.  Henry 
Wood,  of  New  York:  Frank  T..  a  physician  of  Red  Rank;  Alvin,  Margaret. 
Deborah  and  S.  Matilda.  He  d.  May  3d,  1882.  The  first  of  the  name  of 
Chadwick  who  came  to  this  country  were  Charles  and  John,  probably 
brothers,  supposed  to  have  come  in  Gov.  Winthrop's  fleet,  1630.  The 
chadwick  family  is  one  of  the  most  ancient  in  England  and  the  pedigree 
of  the  principal  line  has  been  preserved  for  near  a  thousand  years  and  it 
seems  a  great  stickler  for  preserving  family  names,  as  the  names  William, 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  XV11 

Thomas  and  John  are  found  in  almost  every  generation  bach  fco  and  before 
the  Conquest. 

( 'h  wihi'.Ki.AiN  William  Chamberlain  sold  land  Nov,  19,  1687.  In  1691 
William  and  Henry  Chamberlain  bought  land  in  Shrewsbury.  In  L697  a 
patent  for  land  was  issued  to  John  Chamberlain.  In  174(1,  William  Cham- 
berlain had  house  on  south  side  of  Forked  River,  referred  to  in  a  patent  to 
Jacob  Applegate  In  1742  -lames  Chamberlain  took  up  land  south  side  of 
Forked  hiver.  another  tract  in  1751  at  same  place.  This  James  is  fre- 
quently mentioned  in  ancient  records  In  1804,  -Jan.  '2,  one  .lames  Cham- 
berlain lived  on  south  branch  of  Forked  River;  deeded  to  Francis  Asbury, 
Bishop  of  M.  E.  church,  for  live  cents,  a  lot  for  use  of  M.  E.  church. 
Among  marriages  recorded  at  Freehold  are  the  following:  William  Cham- 
berlain to  Lydia  Worth,  Sept.  10,  1800;  Richard  Chamberlain  to  Silence 
Richards,  April  23,  1801.  Among  persons  taxed  in  Shrewsbury  township 
17(')4  were  Wm.  Chamberlain  and  William  Chamberlain,  Jr.  Members  of  the 
Chamberlain  family  were  settled,  as  before  stated,  at  Forked  River  and 
vicinity  before  the  Revolution,  and  some  were  among  the  earliest  friends  of 
Methodism  in  Ocean  county.  The  celebrated  Bishop  Asbury  mentions  in 
his  journal  that  in  1809  he  stopped  at  the  house  of  Thomas  Chamberlain,  at 
Forked  River.  Twenty  years  later  James  Chamberlain  was  a  leading  Metho- 
dist in  his  section.  During  the  Revolution  and  subsequently  Samuel 
Chamberlain  was  a  well-known  resident  of  Forked  River.  The  first  of  the 
(  hainberlain  family  in  old  Monmouth,  it  is  supposed,  descend  from  John 
Chamberlain,  a  currier,  named  in  Boston,  Mass.,  1651.  He  m.  Ann,  dau. 
of  William  Brown,  May  19,  1653.  He  was  a  sympathizer  with  the  Quakers 
in  their  persecutions,  and  was  himself  imprisoned  as  one,  and  finally  ban- 
ished from  Massachusetts  on  pain  of  death.  He  went  to  Rhode  Island  and 
he  and  his  son  Henry  are   named  at  Newport. 

Chambers— John  Chambers  received  a  warrant  for  KM.)  acres  in  Shrews- 
bury 1679  ;  in  1681  he  received  warrant  for  another  tract.  In  1694  John  2d 
bought  land  of  Caleb  Shreve  of  Freehold,  and  1695  and  1698  sold  land  to 
Jacob  Lippencott,  Jr.  It  is  stated  that  there  is  traditional  evidence  that 
the  Chambers  family  of  Middlesex  county  descend  from  Robert  Chambers 
of  Sterling,  near  Edinburg,  Scotland.  He  was  a  Presbyterian  and  suffered 
persecution  with  thousands  of  others  during  the  reigns  of  Charles  II.  and 
James  II.  in  1683  and  1685.  Of  the  Chambers  family  of  Monmouth  and 
Mercer,  there  appears  to  be  at  least  two  different  lines,  and  the  name  John 
occurs  in  early  mention  of  each  family. 

Cheeseman — William  Cheeseman  was  assigned  lot  No.  11,  Middletown, 
1667.  In  1731  Joseph  Cheeseman  was  taxed  for  150  acres  in  Upper  Free- 
hold, and  in  1758  for  158  acres. 

Cheshire-  John  Cheshire  was  m.  to  Ann  Sutton  1692.  His  name  was 
sometimes  spelled  Chesear.     Mary  Cheshire  m.  Jesse  Woodward  in  1764. 

Child — Samuel  Child  is  named  as  juror  1692,  grand  juror  1693,  &c.  In 
1691  he  bought  land  of  George  Corlies  and  sold  the  same  1695  He  also 
sold  land  1693  to  William  Austin.  William  Jeffrey  of  old  Dover  township, 
in.  Margaret  Child,  and  their  dau.  Margaret,  m.  the  late  Judge  Job  F. 
Randolph  of  Barnegat. 

Chute — George  Chute,  of  Rhode  Island,  was  among  original  pur- 
chasers 1667;  took  oath  of  allegiance  1668;  was  commissioned  as  captain  of  a 
foot  company  same  year  and  juror  1676.  It  is  said  the  family  descended 
from  Alexander  Chute  of  Somerset,  England,  1268. 

Clark,  Clarke — Walter  Clarke,  named  as  one  of  the  twelve  patentees 
1665,  and  also  among  purchasers  1667,  to  whom  was  awarded  a  share  of 
land,  was  one  of  the  most  active  of  those  who  established  the  settlement  in 
Monmouth.  In  Rhode  Island  there  was  formed  "a  company  of  pur- 
chasers "  to  aid  in  buying  the  lands  of  the  Indians,  of  which  he  was  secre- 
retary.  He  was  a  son  of  Gov.  Jeremy  Clarke  and  was  b.  1640.  He  died 
1714."  The  first  Clarks  who  settled  in  Monmouth  were  of  Scotch  origin.  In 
the  old  Scotch  burying  ground  in  Marlborough  township  is  a  tombstone  to 
the  memory  of  Richard  Clark,  b.  in  Scotland  1663,  and  d.  May  16,  1773,  a. 
70  yrs.     The  will  of  William  Clark  of  Freehold,  1709,  named  w.  Elizabeth 


xviii        HISTOEY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

and  sons  William  and  Alexander;  both  of  these  suns  are  frequently  men- 
tioned in  records  of  deeds  and  court   proceedings.     Among  taxpayers  in 

Freehold  1776  were  three  Alexander  darks,  John  Benjamin,  Doctor  "Wil- 
liam, Samuel  Cornelius  and  Richard  Clark.  Dr.  William  Clark  was  a 
physician  at  Freehold  at  least  as  early  as  1760. 

Clayton— John  Clayton  bought  land  1677  of  John  Slocum.  His  will 
was  dated  at  Chesterfield,  Burlington  county,  May  16,  1702.  His  dan. 
Leah  was  m.  to  Abraham  Brown  1692,  by  Friends'  ceremony  at  the  house 
of  John  Clayton,  who  then  lived  in  Monmouth.  In  Burlington  county 
Hannah  Clayton  was  m.  to  Abel  Gaskell  1797;  David  Clayton  of  Shrews- 
bury, was  m.  to  Catharine  Strickland  of  Freehold,  1798.  The  earliest  men- 
tion of  the  name  Clayton  in  this  country  appears  to  have  been  that  of  Thos. 
Clayton  at  Dover,  N.H.,  165(1,  who  it  is  supposed  went  from  thence  to  Rhode 
Island,  where  Sarah  Clayton  was  m.  to  Matthew  Borden,  who  was  b.  1638. 
The  John  Clayton  of  Monmouth  seems  to  have  eventually  settled  in  Burling- 
ton. In  Burlington  county  William  Clayton,  Sr.,  and  William,  Jr.,  were 
named  1678,  among  first  settlers,  probably  from  England. 

Clifton — Thomas  Clifton  was  named  among  original  purchasers  of 
Monmouth,  1667,  at  which  time  he  lived  at  Newport,  R.  I.  He  was  among 
original  settlers  of  Rehoboth,  Mass.,  16-13,  neighbor  to  Rev.  Obadiah 
Holmes,  Edward  Patterson  and  others,  who  subsequently  aided  in  the  set- 
tlement of  Monmouth.  When  the  Quakers  began  preaching  their  peculiar 
views  Thomas  Clifton  became  an  early  and  earnest  adherent  of  that  sect 
for  which  he  was  made  to  suffer  severely  in  fines.  His  dau.  Hope  Clifton, 
was  among  the  victims  of  Puritan  intolerance  and  has  an  honored  name  in 
the  early  history  of  the  Society  of  friends.  In  1658  she  was  banished  from 
Massachusetts  under  pain  of  death  if  she  returned.  In  Freehold  rec<  mis 
is  a  copy  of  a  power  of  attorney  from  Thomas  Clifton  and  Patience  Beers 
to  John  Hance  in  relation  to  dues  from  lands,  recorded  1688. 

Clothiee — Henry  Clothier  of  Monmouth,  died  1732.  He  was  of 
Upper  Freehold. 

Codington — William  Codington  paid  for  and  was  awarded  a  share  of 
land  in  Monmouth  1667-70.  He  did  not  settle  in  Monmouth.  He  was 
one  of  the  most  noted  men  in  the  early  history  of  Rhode  Island,  of  which 
colony  he  was  Governor  1668-74-6.     He  died  1678. 

Coggeshall — John  Coggeshall  paid  for  a  share  of  land  bought  of  the 
Indians  1667;  The  Coggeshalls  were  from  Newport,  R.  I.,  and  sons  of  John 
Coggeshall  who  came  from  England  in  the  ship  Lyon,  the  same  ship  which 
the  previous  year  brought  Roger  Williams,  John  Throckmorton  and  others. 
When  the  noted  Ann  Hutchinson  began  to  preach  her  peculiar  An tinomean 
doctrines,  Coggeshall,  with  William  Coddington  and  others,  joined  her 
society  for  which  they  were  banished.  These  Antinomeans  settled  on  the 
Island  of  Rhode  Island  about  1639  and  founded  the  settlements  on  that 
island   of  Portsmouth,    Middletown  .and  Newport.     Coggeshall  died  1647. 

Cole — Edward  Cole,  probably  of  Rhode  Island,  was  awarded  a  share 
of  land  1667,  and  took  oath  of  allegiance  with  other  "Inhabitants  of  Nave- 
sink,"  1668.  In  1677  Jacob  Cole  and  w.  were  given  240  acres  under  Con- 
cessions. Jacob  Cole  probably  d.  in  1692.  His  dau.  Elizabeth  m.  first 
Thomas  White  and  second  John  Ashton. 

In  1698  the  cattle  mark  of  John  Coal  was  recorded  in  Middletown  Town 
Book.  In  1670  one  Jacob  Cole  bought  land  of  David  Parker.  Edward 
Cole  who  was  awarded  a  share  of  land  1667,  did  not  come  to  Monmouth, 
In  1688  Robert  and  Mary  Cole  were  granted  120  acres  under  Concessions. 
Cole  is  an  ancient  Plymouth  colony  name;  George  Cole  was  at  Southwick 
1637;  Daniel  and  Job  at  Yarmouth  1643.  Robert  Cole  was  a  noted  citizen 
of  Rhode  Island  and  a  personal  friend  of  Roger  Williams.  He  came  from 
England  in  Gov.  Winthrop's  fleet  and  was  made  freeman  in  Massachusetts 
Oct.  19,  1630. 

Coleman — Joseph  Coleman  paid  for  a  share  of  land  bought  of  the 
Indians  1667.  Benjamin  Coleman,  blacksmith,  is  named  1711  as  grand 
juror.  This  is  an  ancient  Plymouth  colony  name.  Samuel  Coleman  was 
taxed  in  Middletown  1761. 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  xix 

Collins  Ebenezer Collins  had  license  to  marry  Aim  Woodman 
Dec.  27.  171s!.  Mis  v..  was  a  Bister  of  Gabriel  Woodmansee,  a  prominent 
Quaker  of  Goodluck.  Be  ultimately  Bailed  for  Smith  America  and  was 
never  after  heard  from.  John  Collins,  son  of  Ebenezer,  m.  Phebe  Bird- 
sail.  He  was  a  leading  Quaker  of  Barnegat.  He  had  four  children  and  d. 
in  is:;7  in  his  ssth  year.  James  Collins,  son  of  Ebenezer,  m.  Elizabeth 
Birdsall  in  1774.  Thomas  Collins,  son  of  Ebenezer,  m.  Deborah  Edwards 
and  had  six  children.  John  Collins,  b.  1 7 7 1 ', .  son  of  John,  m.  Anna  Willetts 
in  lsti2.  He  was  a  leading  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends  and  for  some 
sixty  years  he  hardly  missed  a  meeting  of  tin-  society.  He  had  a  remarkably 
retentive  memory  and  to  him.  more  than  to  any  other  one  person,  the 
writer  is  indebted  for  valuable  traditionary  information  of  Barnegat  and 
vicinity.  He  d.  March  31,  1863.  His  w.  Anna  d.  4th  mo..  14.  1866,  a.  80 
yrs..  'J  mos.  -lames  Collins,  son  of  John  1st.  hail  nine  children.  'Within 
the  limits  of  the  present  township  of  Dover.  Zebedee  Collins  settled  before 
the  Revolution  Tradition  says  he  was  an  Englishman  by  birth,  but  joined 
the  Americans  in  the  Revolution  and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Monmouth. 
He  left  sou  Zebedee.  The  name  is  frequently  mentioned  in  old  surveys. 
Zebedee  Collins,  of  the  fourth  generation,  is  now  (1887)  living  near  Bamber. 

Colveb— Samuel  Colver  received  a  patent  for  land  1685.  His  cattle 
mark  was  recorded  1682.  Samuel  Colver  of  Shrewsbury,  sold  land  1716  to 
John  Green  of  Newport,  R.  I.  Timothy  Colver  or  Calver  was  taxed  in 
Middletown  1761. 

Colwell  Francis  Colwell  of  Freehold,  in  will  dated  Aug.  14,  1730,  and 
proved  Oct.  16,  1733,  names  sons  William.  Thomas.  John  and  Henry. 

Combs — Richard  Combs  of  Freehold,  1700,  bought  land  of  Samuel 
Leonard.  Shrewsbury.  In  1736,  Jonathan  Combs  sold  land  to  George, 
Walker  of  Freehold.  The  first  of  the  name  in  Monmouth  was  Richard 
Combs.  In  Freehold,  1776,  among  taxables  were  John,  John,  Esq., 
Thomas  and  John  Saddler.  Thomas  E.  Combs  was  assemblyman  1838-9 
and  Senator  184:5.  in  the  old  Tennent  churchyard  is  a  tombstone  to  the 
memory  of  Doctor  David  Combs,  who  d.  Jan.  11,  1795,  aged  21  years 
and  8  months. 

Compton — William  Compton  was  among  original  settlers  1667,  and 
had  town  lot  number  fifteen  in  Middletown.  Compton  received  a  war- 
rant for  280  acres.  There  was  also  a  William  Compton  who  settled  at 
Woodbridge. 

Coxklin  —  John  Conklin  who  paid  for  a  share  of  land  1667,  was  proba- 
bly the  one  named  1656,  at  Gravesend,  Long  Island.  The  writer  has 
found  no  mention  of  John  Conklin  settling  in  Monmouth.  Members  of 
the  Long  Island  family  of  Conklins  settled  in  what  is  now  Ocean  county 
during  the  last  century  ;  Stephen  and  John  Conklin  lived  near  Barnegat 
and  left  descendants. 

Cooke,  Cook— John  Cooke,  Thomas  Cooke,  Hannah  Jay.  alias  Hannah 
Cooke,  had  warrants.  4687.  for  land  in  Shrewsbury,  dated  1667-87.  The 
greater  part  of  the  family  of  Cookes  of  Monmouth  appear  to  be  descended 
from  Thomas  Cooke,  who  was  at  Taunton,  Mass.,  1639,  and  removed 
about  1643  to  Portsmouth,  R.  I.  The  will  of  Edward  Patterson  Cook,  2nd, 
of  Howell,  was  dated  1825,  and  proved  Aug.,  1826.  It  named  eight  sons 
viz:  Peter,  John,  Amer,  Job.  James,  William  and  Edward  P.  —  to  each  of 
whom  small  amounts;  to  one  Benjamin  the  yreater  share,  w.  Alydia. 

Cooper — Simond  Cooper  (surgeon),  bought  two  shares  of  land  of  Chris- 
topher All  my.  In  1679  Cooper  received  a  warrant  for  330  acres.  He 
was  from  Rhode  Island.  John  Cooper  and  Deborah  Cooper  were  taxed 
in  Middlewn  1761.  Phillip  Cooper  was  taxed  in  Shrewsbury  17i'4,  and 
Catharine  Cooper  in  Freehold  177ii. 

Corlies  George  Corlies  had  patent  for  so  acres  of  land  in  Shrewsburv 
in  1680;  1686  for  7<>  acres.  16*7  one  for  100  acres.  In  1698  Wm.  Shattock 
deeded  land  to  him  and  calls  him  ' '  loving  son-in-law. ''  George  Corlies  m. 
first  w.  Exercise  Shattock  in  1680.  She  d.  1695.  Hem.  2d  w.,  Deborah 
Hance,  in  1699.  He  had  by  1st  w.  six  children;  by  2d  w.  seven  children. 
He  d.  1715.     In  deeds  and  in  his  will  George  Corlies  is  called  shoemaker. 


XX  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

John  Corlies   m.  Naomi,  dan.  of  Abiah  Edwards,  and  had   two  children 

. (allies  and  John,  named  1714  iu  will  of  Edwards.  In  17:5'.)  Benjamin 
Corlies  was  deceased.  Hannah  Corlies  m.  Henry  Allen  1702,  shed.  1712. 
Elizabeth  Corlies  ni.  William  Brinley  1704.  William  Corlies  m.  Sarah  Wing 
1731.  Deborah  Corlies  m.  Walter  Herbert,  Jr.,  12th  of  10th  mo.,  1728.  In 
1st  II  Samuel  Corlies,  mariner,  and  w.  Catharine,  sold  half  an  acre  of  land 
on  north  side  of  Toms  River  to  Dr.  William  E.  Imlay. 

CoTTBELL — Eliezar  Cottrell  of  Middletown  received  a  warrant  for  60 
acres  of  land  1 C76  ;  in  1677  another  for  120  acres  and  in  1687  for  KM)  acres. 
In  Middletown,  1761,  among  persons  taxed  were  John,  Nicholas,  Robert 
and  Samuel  Cottrell. 

Courtney  -In  1796,  Luke  Courtney  and  Silas  Crane  bought  land 
jointly  in  Stafford.  Luke  Courtney  was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolution  in 
Capt.  Reuben  F.  Randolph's  company  of  militia  and  also  in  the 
Continental  army.  The  Courtneys  were  an  ancient  family  of  Devonshire, 
England,  and  earls  of  the  shire. 

Covenhoven,  Conoveb— In  1695,  Cornelius  Covenhoven,  Peter  Wikoff, 
Garret  Schenck  and  Stephen  Courte  Voorhuy  (Voorhees)  all  of  Flatlands, 
bought  of  John  Bound,  500  acres  as  described  March  10,  1685,  on  a  patent 
to  Bowne  from  Proprietors,  land  adjoining  Richard  Stout  Derick  Tunison 
and  Jonathan  Holmes.  In  1696,  the  cattle  marks  of  Cornelius  Cowenhoven, 
Garate  Schenck  and  Peter  Wikoff  were  recorded  in  Middletown  Town 
Book.  Among  members  of  Brick  Church,  Marlborough  were,  1709,  Peter 
Kowenhoven  and  Patience  Daws  his  wife.  The  first  named  Peter  Kowen- 
hoven  was  an  elder  in  the  church,  1701).  The  common  ancestor  of  the 
greater  part  of  Conover  family  was  Wolphert  Garretson  van  Couwenhoven 
who  immigrated  from  Holland  1630,  with  the  colonists  who  settled  Rens- 
selaerwick,  near  Albany.  In  South  Jersey  a  branch  of  the  Cowenhoven 
family  descend  from  Peter  Van  Covenhoven,  son  of  Wolphert,  who  came 
from  Holland  when  a  boy  in  1630,  and  was  for  many  years  a  leading  citizen 
of  New  York.  Joseph  Covenhoven  or  Conover,  who  settled  at  Forked 
River,  was  in  1824  a  member  of  the  Legislature  from  old  Monmouth.  His 
brother,  Esquire  Daniel  Conover,  was  a  well-known  hotel  keeper  at  Forked 
River.  Peter  lost  his  w.  in  1633;  she  was  buried  in  New  York.  Many  de- 
scendants of  this  family  of  Van  Cowenhoven  are  now  living  in  New  York. 
The  late  Col.  E.  F.  Applegate,the  well  remembered  editor  of  the  Monmouth 
Inquirer,  was  positive  that  traditions  in  his  time  stated  that  his  ancestors 
were  of  French  origin,  and  the  ancient  names  given  above  seem  to  confirm 
this  tradition.  Another  familiar  New  Jersey  surname  of  Yard,  we  find  as 
we  teace  it  back  becomes  DeYasse,  also  denoting  Norman  origin.  The  will 
of  John  Conover,  Jr.,  1804,  named  father  John,  and  mother,  property  to 
be  equally  divided  between  his  brothers  and  sisters.  The  will  of  John  P. 
Covenhoven,  dated  1810,  named  sons  William,  John  and  Robert,  and  dau. 
Elizabeth  Robinson  and  Sarah  Ten  Eyck.  In  1796,  Jan.  31,  Garret  Coven- 
hoven was  m.  to  Sarah  Stout,  by  Esquire  John  Covenhoven.  The  follow- 
ing Covenhovens  or  Conovers  have  been  members  of  the  N.  J.  Legislature, 
viz:  1776  John;  1792  John;  1821-2- 3-4  William  I.;  1824  5  6  Joseph;  1S41-2 
John  R.;  1851-2  William  H.;  1858-9  John  V.;  1869  William  H.,  Jr.;  1875  6 
William  V.  In  the  State  Senate  William  H  ,  Jr.,  served  1872.  The  follow- 
ing were  Sheriffs:  Holmes  Conover,  1844-7;  Samuel,  1847-50;  Holmes 
1853-6;  Samuel  1856-9.  Surrogates,  Arthur  V.  1848;  John  R.  1858.  Pros- 
ecutor of  Pleas,  William  H.,  Jr.,  1872. 

Coveet — Abraham  Covert  bought  land  of  John  Powel  1716.  In  1721 
Abraham  Covert  and  Echte,  his  w.,  sold  laud  to  Frances  Hoffnnre,  widow 
of  Samuel.  Among  persons  taxed  in  Freehold  township  1776  were  John, 
William,  Daniel  and  Isaac  Covert.  The  Covert  family  descend  from 
Teunis  Janse  Covert,  who  came  from  North  Holland  1651;  settled  in  New- 
Amsterdam,  belonged  to  Dutch  church  until  1660,  then  went  to  Bedford  or 
Brooklyn,  L.  I.  He  had  ten  children.  The  son  Abraham  probably  was 
the  one  subsequently  named  in  Monmouth;  he  m.  Egbertje  Eldertre 
Voorhees . 

Cowaed — Hugh  Coward,  a  sea  captain,  who,  it  is  said  came  from  Lon- 


'.I  A  I   \  LOGICAL   RECORD.  \\l 

don  had  license  to  marry  Patience,  dan.  of  John  Throckmorton  in  New 
York.  -I  nl \  6,  17o;s.  In  i7o.">  Hugh  Coward  and  w.  Patience,  rhomas  Stil- 
well  and  Alse  his  w.,  Moses  Lipet  and  Sarah  his  w.  Deliverance  Throck- 
morton, sign  deeds  as  heirs  of  John  Throckmorton,  2nd  Miss  Coolej  in 
her  work  on  First  Settlers  of  Trenton  and  vicinity.  Bays  L'apt.  Hug] 
Coward  had  a  son  Rev.  Joa  Coward,  who  had  a  son  -Ins.].]!  who  died  1 7«',«  ►. 
aged  50  yrs.  who  married  Lncretia  dan.  of  Jacob  Scndder  ;  they  had  a  son 
(  apt.  Joseph  Coward,  a  hero  oi  the  Revolution,  whose  dan.  Sarah  m.  Hon. 
Charles  Parker,  formerly  State  treasurer  of  New  Jersey.  In  1731,  John 
Coward  was  ta\rd  in  upper  Freehold  In  same  township,  1758,  John,  Jr., 
and  Josepb  were  taxed.     John  Coward,  probably  son  of  John   whose  will 

was  dated  1760,  was  an  extensive   owner   of   timber    land    in    what    is    now 

Ocean  county ;  about  17t',o,  he  united  with  James  P.  Randolph  in  buying 

land  around  Toms  River.  Randolph  was  the  leading  business  man  of 
Toms  River  before  and  during  the  early  part  of  the  Revolution.  David 
Coward  m.  to  Betsey  Rouse  Oct.  10,  1799,  by  Rev.  Joshua  Dunham  of  the 

M.  E.  church. 

Uowdbich     Jesse  Cowdrick,    the  favorably  remembered  hotel  keeper 

of  Toms  River,  once  kept  a  hotel  and  store  at  Cedar  ( 'reek  and  at  one 
time    a    tan  yard  at  Blue  Ball     He    onee  ran  tor  Sheriff  in  old  Monmouth 

hut  was  defeated.  He  kept  the  jail  there  once.  He  d.  May  21,  ls.",7.  a. 
over  57  yrs.  He  bought  the  Toms  River  hotel,  it  i.s  said,  of  Israel  and  An- 
thony Ivins.      This  hotel  was  originally  built  by  Ivins  Davis. 

Cowperthwaite  —  Hugh  Cowperthwaite  of  Springfield.  Burlington 
county,  bought  laud  in  Upper  Freehold.  Monmouth  county.  Mar.  29,  f 74*. 
This  family  came  from  Burlington  county  where  a  John  Cowperthwaite  was 
named.  1698.  In  Little  Egg  Harbor  there  was  a  Thomas  Cowperthwaite. 
settled  about  middle  of  last  century  who  m.  Margaret  dan.  of  Reuben 
Tucker.  Sr.  Their  descendants  are  named  in  the  History  of  Little  Egg 
Harbor. 

Cox — The  tirs-  of  this  family  in  Old  Monmouth  was  Thomas  Cox  who 
was  among  those  who  bought  the  land  of  the  Indians  1667.  He  settled  at 
Middletown  and  in  the  first  division  of  town  lots,  recorded  Dec,  1667,  he 
was  allotted  lot  number  eight;  subsequently  he  was  awarded  other  tracts. 
In  1668  he  was  appointed  with  three  others  to  make  ••prudential  laws." 
John  Cox.  who  may  have  been  a  brother  or  son  of  the  tirst  Thomas,  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  noted  Baptist  Church  at  Middletown.  Gen. 
James  Cox,  a  hero  of  the  Revolution,  was  of  this  family  and  was  a  member 
of  Congressfrom  Ohio  and  d.  in  lspi  before  his  term  expired.  Hon.  Sam'l 
S.  Cox.  the  late  distinguished  member  of  Congress,  formerly  of  Ohio,  subse- 
quently of  New  York,  is  a  descendant  of  Gen.  James  Cox,  who  was  b.  at 
Cox's  Corners.  Upper  Freehold.  In  1790  Wm.  Cox.  Jr.,  gentleman,  of  the 
City  of  Burlington,  and  w.  Abigail,  made  deed  of  partition  with  John 
Bloomtield. 

Craft—  Joseph  Craft  was  m.  to  Esther,  dau.  of  Job  Ridgway,  of 
Barnegat,  1786.  Their  son.  Job  Craft,  was  m.  to  Ann  Cox  June  15,  1810. 
There  was  a  James  Craft  who  was  m.  to  Susannah  Moore  about  1 7 '. * 7 .  Job 
Craft  and  w.,  Ann,  had  son  Eli  and  dau.  Esther.  It  is  said  that  they  emi- 
grated West. 

Crane—  Members  of  this  family  settled  at  Manahawken,  in  Ocean  Co., 
previous  to  the  Revolution.  In  the  State  Militia  during  that  war  were 
Nathan  Crane  who  was  a  lieutenant,  and  Seth  Crane,  a  private,  in  <  apt. 
Reuben  F\  Randolph's  company.  Silas  Crane  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislative  Council  in  1811  and  again  in  1814.  Atwater's  History  of  New 
BZaven  says  that  the  tirst  Jasper  Crane  probably  came  from  Loudon.  Jasper 
(r.me  in  1651  removed  to  Branfordand  thence  to  Newark.  N.  J.  Jasper,  sec- 
ond, was  a  representative  in  the  Legislature  from  the  town  of  Newark  in  1699. 

Cranmer  —  The  cranmer  family  of  New  Jersey,  descend  from  William 
Cranmer,  an  early  settler  of  Southold.  Long  Island:  he  is  named  in  the 
Hisf  ay  of  S< mthold  by  Rev.  Epher  YVhitaker.  among  original  settlers  i >t 
that  place  16-h»-7'J.  He  m.  Elizaheth.  dau.  of  David  Carwithy,  who  had  for- 
mer!; lived  at  Salem.  Mass..  where  he  is  named  as   freeman.    1644.      The 


XX11        HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

tradition  handed  down  in  the  Cranmer  family  states  tli.it  they  descend 
from  the  family  of  the  noted  Archbishop  Thomas  Cranmer,  b.  lis1.),  who 
was  burned  at  the  stake  1556.  The  father  of  the  Archbishop  was  also 
named  Thomas  and  he  had  another  son  named  Edward,  who  was  Arch- 
deacon of  Canterbury,  while  his  brother  was  Archbishop,  and  it  is  possible 
the  Cranmers  of  New  Jersey  may  lie  descendants  of  Archdeacon  Edward, 
who  had  five  sons  and  eight  dans.,  and  d.  1604  aged  69  years.  Around 
Forked  River  and  Cedar  Creek,  William  Cranmer  took  up  land  17  is  '.)  and 
thereabouts. 

Craig — John  Craig  appears  to  have  been  first  of  this  family  in  Mon- 
mouth. In  December,  1705,  "At  ye  request  of  Mr.  John  Craig,  Walter 
Ker,  Win.  Rennel,  Patrick  Imlay,  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  breth- 
ren, Protestants,  desenters  of  Freehold,  called  Presbiterians,  that  their 
Public  Meetinghouse  may  be  recorded."  It  was  so  ordered  by  court.  The 
Craigs  were  well  represented  during  the  Revolution  in  the  ranks  of  the 
patriots.  John  Craig  was  a  lieut. ,  James  Craig,  an  ensign,  David  Craig,  a 
sergeant,  and  John,  a  private,  all  in  ('apt.  Epher  Walton's  company  of 
dragoons.  Others  served  in  other  military  organizations.  Most  of  them 
resided  in  Old  Freehold  township  as  may  be  seen  by  tax  list  of 
177(1.  John  Craig,  first  of  the  name,  was  probably  the  one  who  came  from 
Scotland  1685. 

Crome— Richard  Hartshorn  sold  to  Edward  Crome,  Dec.  26,  1670,  the 
town  lot  No.  25,  in  Middletown,  which  Hartshorne  had  bought  of  William 
Colliding.  Crome  is  an  unusual  name,  but  it  occurs  once  in  Bartlett's 
Rhode  Island  Rec<  irds. 

Craven  —Thomas  Craven  of  Forked  River,  moved  to  Highland  county, 
Ohio,  where  he  d.  Nov.  29,  1880,  a.  over  61  yrs.  Elizabeth,  his  w\,  d.  Jan. 
11,  1868,  a.  over  52  yrs.  Both  were  buried  in  the  Methodist  grave  yard  at 
New  Lexington. 

Crawford — John  Crawford,  the  ancestor  of  most  of  this  name,  in 
ancient  deeds  was  described  as  -'of  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  gentleman,"  and 
came  to  this  country  it  is  said  about  1672.  Dec.  11,  1678,  he  purchased  a 
"house  lott"  in  Middletown,  and  also  outlands  of  Richard  Gibbins  and  w. 
Elizabeth.  Gideon  Crawford  was  High  Sheriff  of  Monmouth  171-4-15-16 
and  again  172U-21.  He  m.  a  dau.  of  William  and  Margaret  Bedford;  who 
came  from  North  Britain  1682.  Joshua,  supposed  to  have  been  father  of 
Joel  Crawford,  was  of  Scotch  descent  and  a  Virginia  frontier  farmer.  Fol- 
lowing the  tide  of  emigration  he  settled  in  177'.)  in  Edgefield  District,  South 
Carolina.  His  son,  the  noted  William  Harris  Crawford,  was  b.  Feb.  24, 
1772,  in  Amherst  county.  Virginia.  He  finally  settled  in  Georgia,  from 
which  State  he  was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate;  was  a  candidate  for  the 
Presidency  in  1824,  etc.  He  was  engaged  in  two  duels,  in  one  of  which  he 
killed  his  adversary  (Van  Allen)  at  the  first  fire.  He  d.  in  Elbert  county, 
Georgia,  on  the  way  to  court  of  which  he  was  judge,  Sept.  1  ">,  1834  He 
left  five  sons  and  three  daughters. 

Crowell — Two  brothers,  John  Crowell  and  Edward  Crowell,  came  to 
North  Carolina  and  settled  in  Halifax.  They  emigrated  from  Woodhridge, 
N.  J.  They  were  originally  from  England,  and  they  or  their  ancestors 
were  originally  called  Cromwell.  In  the  year  1674.  says  the  Annalist  of 
Phila.  (John  F.  Watson)  two  brothers  of  Oliver  Cromwell  left  England  for 
America  and  settled  in  New  Jersey.  They  tied  from  England  from  tic- 
political  storms  that  impended  over  the  name  and  house  of  the  late  Pro- 
tector. Bolton's  History  of  West  Chester  county,  says:  "  It  is  presumed 
that  the  ancestry  of  the  American  line  was  Col.  John  Cromwell,  third  son 
of  Sir  Oliver  Cromwell,  and  a  brother  of  the  Protector."  From  what  has 
been  stated,  it  is  evident  that  the  tradition  carried  to  other  States  by  de- 
scendants of  the  Crowells  and  Cromwells  of  Woodbridge,  that  they 
descended  from  the  noted  Cromwell  family  of  England,  is  probably  the 
fact. 

Davis  Nicholas  Davis  of  Rhode  Island  was  one  of  the  twelve  men  to 
whom  was  granted  the  Monmouth  patent  in  1665,  and  he  is  also  named 
among  those   who    paid  for    a    share  of   land   in    16117.      He  had  480  acres. 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD. 

Nicholas  Davis,  the  patentee,  was  a  freemen  of  Barnstable,  in  Plymouth 
Colony  1643.  About  1656  7  he  joined  the  Quakers,  and  July  11.  1659, 
he  was  arrested  at  Boston,  where  he  had  gone  to  trade  and  kepi  in  prison 
until  September,  when  he  was  banished,, with  Marj  Dyer,  under  pain  of 
death  it'  they  returned.  Mary  Dyei  subsequently  returned  and  was  hi 
on  Boston  Common.  Thomas  and  James  Davis  wen  taxed  in  Middletowc 
1761,  and  William  Davis  in  Shrewsbury  1764. 

Davison  William  Davison  is  named  in  deeds,  1691,  and  subse- 
quently :  lie  was  a  carpenter  and  his  will  was  dated  Freehold,  April  6,  1723. 
•lames  Davison  lived  in  Freehold,   L776. 

Db  J-5niM.ii,  Db  Rogh,  Debow  Frederick  De  Bogh,  innholder  of  Mon- 
mouth, bought  land  1715  22  of  John  Romine  and  w.  Gertie.  William  De 
Bowe,  Monmouth,  and  w.  Elizabeth  sold  land  to  William  Cox,  1802.  Law- 
rence Debow  was  taxed  in  1  j >j ><  i  Fre<  hold,  1758 

De  Bart  Elias,  or  Elyas  De  Hart,  an  early  settler  "fold  Shrewsbury, 
was  a  sun  el'  Simon  Aerteen  De  Hart  who  came  to  this  country  in  1664. 
Morris  De  Hart  was  a  tax  payer  in  Shrewsbury,  1764. 

Iiknise  -Jacques  Denise  (spelled  Denys)  and  Hendxick  Eendrickson  of 
New  Utrecht,  L.  I.,  bought  land,  1719.  Tunis  Denise  of  Utrecht,  L.  [., 
bought  land  in  Freehold,  1720.  The  common  ancestor  of  the  Denise 
family  was  Tennis  Nyssen  or  De  Nyse,  win.  emigrated  as  early  as  1638, 
from  Holland.  He  resided  then  in  New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York.  In 
the  Revolutionary  war  Dennis  Denice  was  Major  in  3rd  Regiment  of  Mon- 
mouth. Daniel  Denise  was  a  private  m  Captain  WaddelTs  company, 
Fourth  Regiment.  In  a  list  of  patriots  of  Monmouth  who  signed  a  pledge 
regarding  retaliation  for  Refugee  depredations  during  the  Revolution,  are 
the  names  of  Daniel  Denise  and  Jaques  Denise. 

Dennis  Samuel  Dennis  was  born  about  1650,  in  Great  Britain,  settled 
in  Shrewsbury  1675;  he  had  w.  Increase,  two  sons  and  three  daus.  He 
was  foreman  of  grand  jury  1690,  and  a  justice  of  the  court  from  1700  to 
his  death  iii  1723.  His  only  w.  was  Increase,  who  departed  this  life  twenty- 
eight  yrs.  before  him.  The  name  Dennis  occurs  among  original  settlers  of 
Woodbridge,  where  Robert,  John  and  Samuel  Dennis  were  among  the 
first. 

Denyke— Conraed  Denyke  bought  land  of  Samuel  Warneand  Margaret 
his  w.  in  1727.  Probably  the  name  was  meant  for  Conraed  Tenyke  or  Ten 
Eyck  as  the  name  is  now  generally  given. 

Devill,  Defell— William  Deuel]  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  bought  Mark  Lu- 
cas'share  of  land  in  Monmouth.  In  1672,  father,  William,  was  an  early 
settler  in  Plymouth  Colony,  named  there  1640. 

Deyekeaux — John  Devereanx.  during  the  last  century  came  to  this 
country  from  Ireland,  but  his  ancestor  came  from  Evieaux  in  Normandy, 
and  hence  received  the  name  of   D'Evreaux. 

De  Wildey  The  will  of  John  De  Wildey  of  Monmouth  county,  dated 
March  30th,  1708,  proved  Aug.  20th,  1708,  named  dau.  Dinah.  Executors. 
Anthony  Woodward  and  Richard  Salter. 

Dey,  Dye— Isaac  Dye  bought  51  acres  of  land  of  John  Antonides  in 
Monmouth  county  in  1737.  In  the  Revolutionary  war,  John  Dey,  Josiah 
Dey  and  Cyrus  Dey  were  soldiers  in  the  patriot  army,  the  latter  in  Captain 
Kenneth  Hankinson's  company. 

Dibeman,  Dtckman— Hugh  Dyckman  was  appointed  "Schepen,"  or 
magistrate,  in  Monmouth  by  the  Dutch  during  their  brief  supremacy  in 
1673.  Dyckman,  who  came  to  America  was  Joannes  who  came  in  1652. 
The  Hugh  Dikeman  of  Monmouth  seems  to  have  been  of  another  line. 

Dillon  — James  Dillon  had  land  at  Toms  River  in  1762.  It  is  said  he 
owned,  in  17ti:'..  Dillon's  Island,  now  Island  Heights,  which,  in  1774.  was 
referred  to  in  a  deed  of  John  Coward,  who  bought  land  on  the  opposite 
side  of  Toms  River.  He  had  a  dau.  who  m.  Aaron  Duck  and  she  and  her 
husband  had  two  daus.,  one  of  whom  m.  Judge  Ebenezer  Tucker,  from 
whom  Tuckerton  derives  its  name,  and  the  other  dau.  m.  John  Rogers,  an- 
cestor of  families  of  that  name  in  Berkeley.  James  Dillon  was  a  soldierin 
the   Continental    army.     William    Dillon,  brother  of  James,  was   an   tin- 


XXIV        HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

principled  Refugee,  who  is  noticed  in  account  of  Refugee  raids;  it  was 
probably  he  that  instigated  the  burning  of  Toms  River.  In  17N3  he  went 
to  St.  John,  N.  B.,  where  he  was  given  a  town  lot.  The  lands  of  John 
Dillon,  north  side  Toms  River)  are  referred  to  in  1787  in  a  deed  to  James 
Parker. 

Doesett-  James  Dorsett  is  named  as  a  juror  1676-8.  In  1677  he  took 
uji  202  acres  of  laud  from  proprietors.  His  rattle  mark  is  given  in  the  old 
Middh  town  Town  Hook.  His  will  was  dated  Sept.  26,  1741.  The  will  of 
Samuel  Dorset  of  Middletown,  was  dated  Sep.  10,  17-11.  In  17-11  John  Dor- 
set was  an  administrator  on  estate  of  John  Carman  of  Middletown.  Among 
the  soldiers  from  Monmouth  in  the  Revolutionary  army  were:  Benjamin, 
John,  Samuel,  James  and  Joseph  Dorset,  the  latter  in  Gapt.  Dennis' com- 
pany. A  dau.  of  John  Dorsett  m.  James  Wall,  who  was  father  of  General 
Garret  Dorsett  Wall,  once  Senator  from  New  Jersey.  Thos.  I.  Bedle,  father 
of  Ex-Gov.  Joseph  Dorsett  Bedle,  in.  Hannah  Dorsett.  Four  or  five  gen- 
erations of  the  Dorsett  family  lie  buried  in  the  Dorsett  burying  ground,  mi 
the  Dorsett  farm  (lately  owned  by  John  Stilwell.  deceased)  about  three 
miles  from  Matawan.  The  tradition  in  the  family  says  that  the  founder  of 
the  Dorsett  family  came  from  Bermuda. 

Douglass  Thomas  Douglass  is  named  in  a  bond  of  John  Salter  171(5. 
This  bond  is  in  possession  of  James  (1.  Crawford,  near  Freehold.  Richard 
Douglass,  of  Monmouth,  was  m.  to  Lydia  Salter,  March  10,  1740.  William 
Douglass,  of  Monmouth,  had  license  to  m.  Rebecca  Lawrence,  Jan.  II,  173-1. 
Thomas  Douglass,  of  Monmouth,  had  license  to  m.  Rachel  De  Bow  Aug. 
20,  1773. 

Dove- Alexander  Dove  d.  Oct.  7,  1736,  and  was  buried  in  Topanemus 
burying  ground;  will  was  dated  Sept.  29,  1736.  It  is  probable  that  he 
came  from  Shropshire,  England,  about  the  year  1700.  He  took  up  numer- 
ous tracts  of  land  in  what  is  now  called  Ocean  county,  and  had  a  mill  near 
the  line  of  Ocean  and  Monmouth.     He  was  assessed  in  Freehold  in  1776. 

Dkummond  —  Gawen  Drummond  of  Loch  Harbor  or  Lochaber,  gent, 
deeded  land  to  John  Tucker  of  Deale,  May  21,  1695.  He  was  clerk  of  the 
court  of  Monmouth  1700  1.  He  received  a  patent  for  265  acres,  which  is 
now  the  site  of  Key  East  on  the  north  side  of  Shark  River.  He  had  five 
children.  A  brother  James,  lived  at  Prestpnpanns,  in  Scotland,  and 
one  account  says  his  father  was  Peter  Knott,  who  took  up  land  in  Mon- 
mouth as  eariy  as  1720.  In  1819  Robert,  son  of  Gawen  Drummond,  and 
Mary,  his  w.  of  Shrewsbury,  gave  deed  to  Britten  White. 

Dungan  -Thomas  Duhgan  was  awarded  a  share  of  land  1667-70;  1674, 
Dec.  21,  he  transferred  it  to  Sarah  Reape.  He  was  a  noted  Baptist  minister 
of  Rhode  Island.  In  168-1  he  left,  Newport  and  settled  at  Cold  Springs,  near 
Bristol,  Pa.,  where  he  established  a  Baptist  church.     He  d.  there  in  1688. 

Eakle- Ralph  Earle  was  one  of  the  original  settlers  in  1826  at  Worces- 
ter, Mass.  He  had  son  Ralph  who  had  sons  Ralph  and  James  The  third 
Ralph  Earle  was  a  member  of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Science,  and  died  at 
Lansingburg,  N  Y.,  and  his  brother  James  went  to  Charleston,  S.  ( ' ., 
where  he  died.  In  West  Jersey  another  branch  of  the  Earle  family  settled 
at  an  early  date. 

Easton—  Peter  Easton,  of  Rhode  Island,  contributed  towards  paying 
the  Indians  for  land  in  Monmouth,  but  who  did  not  settle  in  the  county. 
In  1677  a  warrant  for  240  acres  of  land  was  issued  to  Peter  Easton  and  w. 
by  Proprietors  under  Concessions.  In  Salem  county  John  Easton  had  350 
acres  from  proprietors  in  1708, 

Eaton  -Thomas  Eaton,  of  Shrewsbury,  had  a  warrant  for  100  acres  of 
land  March  25,  1687.  His  will  was  dated  Nov.  '.t,  1688,  proved  April  14, 
1712,  Thomas  Eaton  settled  on  the  stream  which  passes  through  Eaton- 
town,  and  built  on  it  a  grist-mill  which  he  left  to  his  w.  Jerusha,  in  trust 
lor  her  child  until  he  should  be  of  age.  He  d  26th  of  9th  mo.,  1688.  John 
Eaton,  the  son,  m.  Joanna  Warded,  dau.  of  Joseph  Wardell,  and  grandson 
of  Eliakim  Wardell.  He  was  a  leading  man  in  his  time  in  business  and 
public  matters.  He  owned  mills  on  the  stream  in  the  village  which  derives 
its  name  chiefly  from   him.     He  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  many  years 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  \\Y 

and  member  of  the  Provincial  Assembly  from  1723  to  1749,  almost  fco  his 
death,  which  occurred  Oct.  25,  1750.  Joseph  Eaton,  sod  of  John  and 
Joanna,  was  a  physician.  He  d.  1 7<".  1  in  the  44th  year  of  his  age.  II<i  was 
buried  in  Shrewsbury  church  yard.  Thomas,  another  son  of  John,  settled 
at  Elizabeth.  Joanna,  dau.  of  the  last  oamed  Thomas,  m.  in  1750  Rev. 
Elihu  Spencer,  who  at  that  time  was  supplying  the  pulpits  of  the  Presby- 
terian churches  in  Middletown  and  bhrewsbury,  and  from  them  descended 
Rev.  I>r.  Samuel  Miller  and  John  Sargent,  the  noted  Philadelphia  lawyer. 

Eccles  Charles  Eccles  isnamedas  a  grand  juror,  1677.  Probably  the 
first  of  this  name  in  the  country  was  Richard  Eccles,  who  was  at  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  1642.  Some  fifteen  or  twenty  years  later,  Solomon  Eccles, 
a  noted  Quaker  preacher  who  had  traveled  extensively,  was  banished  from 
Ni  w  England  for  his  zeal,  by  Governor  JBellingham. 

Edge  Gerard  Edge  of  Freehold,  late  innholder,  appointed  Gabriel 
Stelle  bis  attorney,  about  1721.  In  1723,  Thomas  Foreman  in  bis  will 
names  Rebecca,  Edge,  w.  of  Gerard  Edge,  and  bis  grandchildren  Mary  and 
Rebecca  Edge. 

Ei>\\  USDS  Abiah  Edwards  of  Shrewsbury  is  named  in  Freehold  court 
records,  1683.  He  was  a  grand  juror,  1691  and  1700.  In  1714,  be  and  w. 
Elizabeth  conveyed  land  to  John  West.  In  tbis  deed  it  is  stated  that  Ed- 
wards was  a  shipwright.  The  will  of  Abiah  Edwards  was  dated  January, 
1714.  and  names  w.  Elizabeth  and  children  and  grandchildren.  Thomas 
Edwards  and  James  Edwards  were  also  named  in  Freehold  and  Perth  Am- 
boy  records  at  an  early  date.  In  Middletown,  1761,  Samuel  Edwards  was 
taxed.  In  Shrewsbury,  1761.  Philip  and  Webley  Edwards  were  taxed.  The 
name  Edwards  indicates  Welsh  origin.  Among  the  first  who  bore  the 
name  in  this  country  were  Robert  Edwards  who  came  from  London  to  New 
England,  1635.  The  distinguished  divine,  Rev.  Jonathan  Edwards,  who 
was  President  of  Princeton  College,  1703,  was  b.  in  Connecticut.  In  the 
Revolutionary  war,  Thomas  Edwards  was  2nd  Lieutenant  in  the  Monmouth 
militia. 

Ellis — Roger  Ellis  and  son  are  named  as  paying  for  shares  of  land, 
1667.  They  were  awarded  two  shares  of  land.  The  father  was  probably 
the  Roger  Ellis  of  Yarmouth,  Mass.,  an  ancient  settler  of  Plymouth  colony, 
named  as  aide  to  bear  arms  in  1643.  John  Ellis  is  named  as  a  witness  to 
a  deed  in  1701,  from  John  West,  Manasquan,  to  Joseph  Lawrence.  The 
will  of  Thomas  Boell,  2nd,  17:55,  names  brother-in-law  Robert  Ellis  and 
grandson  Robert  Ellis.  The  Ellis  family  early  settled  in  West  Jersey  and 
are  noticed  in  Judge  Clement's  First  Settlers  of  Newton,  among  them 
Thomas  Ellis  in  Burlington,  1677.  It  is  said  he  came  from  Burlington  in 
Yorkshire.  England.  William  Ellis  came  to  Burlington,  1683,  and  located 
in  Springfield.  Simeon  Ellis  purchased  land  in  Burlington,  1691.  He  left 
wife  Sarah  and  seven  children.  Daniel  H.  Ellis,  the  well  remembered 
county7  clerk  of  Monmouth,  it  is  stated,  descended  from  Rowland  Ellis  who 
came  to  Burlington,  N.  J.,  in  1714,  being  sent  from  England  as  a  teacher 
by  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts. 

Ellison — John  Ellison  is  named  as  witness  in  court  proceedings,  1705. 
The  will  of  Richard  Ellison  was  dated  March  5th,  1719,  and  proved  Dec. 
•23d,  1732.  Daniel  Ellison  was  taxed,  1776,  in  Freehold  for  86  acres  of 
land  and  other  property. 

Empson  —  Captain  Christian  D.  Empson  was  b.  in  Sleseburg,  Denmark, 
in  Sept.  1794.  When  a  boy  he  was  in  Napoleon's  navy.  He  followed  the 
sea  for  thirty  years.  For  a  time  he  lived  in  Highland  county,  Ohio,  where 
a  son  and  a  dau.  died.  His  dau.  m.  Orrin  Pharo,  former  proprietor  of  the 
Monmouth  Inquirer.  Both  herself  and  husband  died.  His  son,  Hon. 
Ephraim  Potter  Empson  has  long  been  identified  with  public  affairs  in 
Ocean  county. 

English  —  David  English  of  Freehold,  wheelwright,  bought  land,  1737. 
Englishtown,  in  Monmouth  county,  it  is  said,  derives  its  name  from  James 
English,  the  original  proprietor  of  the  land  on  which  the  village  is  situated. 
Dr.  James  English,  Jr.,  was  b.  1792,  and  succeeded  to  his  father's  practice. 
He  died  May  7th,  1834,  at  Englishtown  and  was  buried  near  his  parents. 


XXVI         HISTOEY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Dr.  David  C.  English,  another  son  of  Dr.  1  );i \  i»  1  English,  Si-.,  was  born  at 
Englishtown  and  died  at  Springfield,  N.  J.,  in  1  sot t.  Dr.  Jeremiah  Smith 
English  was  born  at  Englishtown,  Nov.  21st,  1798.     He  was  son  of  James 

It.  ami  Alice  English  and  was  the  fourth  in  a  family  of  nine  children,  six 
cons  and  three  dans.  He  died  Oct.  9th,  1879.  He  had  two  dans.,  one  of 
whom  m.  Thomas  E.  Morris.  He  was  treasurer  oi  the  New  Jersey  Medi 
eal  Society  from  is:',:!  to  lst;.">  continuously.  In  175(1,  among  taxable  in- 
habitants of  Upper  Freehold  were  Robert  English  and  Robert  English,  Jr., 
and  David  English.  James  English  was  a  soldier  from  Monmouth  in  the 
Revolution. 

Estell— Daniel  Estell  was  an  original  settler  of  Middletown,  and  in 
t  Im  division  of  town  lots.  1667,  lie  was  given  lot  number  thirty-two.  Under 
Proprietors'  Concessions  he  was  granted  '271  acres  in  1671.  He  came  from 
Ghravesend,  L.  I. 

Erkickson  Michael  Errickson,  in  1754,  was  a  pew  owner  in  old  Ten 
nent  church,  for  which  he  paid  U12.  In  177C,  he  was  taxed  for  ice,  acres 
of  land  and  other  property  in  Freehold.  He  was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolu- 
tion and  was  buried  in  the  Teiinent  churchyard.  The  will  of  John  Errick- 
son was  dated  1806,  and  proved  Jan.  1807.  This  family  is  of  Sweedish  de- 
scent and  members  w«-re  among  the  early  settlers  on  the  Delaware  River.. 
Among  heads  of  families  were  JoranEricson  and  one  child,  Mats,  (changed 
to  Mattheas)  Ericson  and  three  children,  Erie  Erieson  and  one  child.  All 
three  of  these  heads  of  families  were  horn  in  this  country.  Thomas  Errick- 
son m.  Hester  Patterson,  April  26,  1795.  John  Errickson  was  m.  to  Nelly 
Schenck,  dan.  of  William,  Aug.  24,  17'.»7,  byEev.  John  Woodhall,  D.  V.  M. 
Among  the  soldiers  of  the  Revolution  were  Michael,  John  and  Thomas 
Errickson. 

Everingham — Thomas  Everingham  and  Henry  Everingham  were 
among  tax  payers  in  Upper  Freehold,  1731,  and  William  and  Joseph  Ever- 
ingham in  1758.  In  wind  is  now  Ocean  county,  Everingham's  saw  mill  on 
North  branch  of  Toms  Eiver  or  Pine  Brook  is  frequently  referred  to.  In 
the  Revolutionary  war  among  soldiers  from  Monmouth  were  John, 
Nathaniel  and  Thomas  Everingham. 

Evilman,  Evillman — William  Evillman  was  a  tax  payer  in  Upper 
Freehold  in  1731.  In  1771,  John  Evelman  bought  land  in  Upper  Freehold 
of  Moses  Bobbins.  Eobert  Evilman. and  w.  Elizabeth  are  named  in  a  re- 
cord, 1S18,  among  heirs  of  (do wen  Druinmond. 

Emanuel— Isaac  Emanuel,  late  of  Freehold,  merchant,  appointed 
Solomon  Isaacs,  late  of  the  same  place,  his  attorney,  about  1720-3. 

Emley,  Embley  Peter  Embley  is  named  as  grand  juror.  1700,  and 
Peter  Emlies  is  named,  1707.  In  old  Shrewsbury  township,  John  Emley 
was  assessed,  1764.  In  Freehold,  177C>.  Eobert  Embly  and  Ezekiel  Embley 
were  among  taxable  inhabitants.  It  is  probable  that  the  namesEmley  and 
Inilay  were  sometimes  confounded  in  ancient  records.  This  family  de- 
scends from  Andries  Emmons,  an  Englishman  who  emigrated  from  Leiden 
in  the  Netherlands,  in  the  ship  Saint  Jean  baptist.  May  'J,  1661,  and  settled 
at  Gravesend,  L.  I.  Aug.  21,  1661,  he,  with  twelve  others,  petitioned  for 
land  on  Staten  Island.  He  had  children,  John  of  Gravesend,  Hendrick 
and  Abraham  who  came  to  New  Jersey.  Abraham,  son  of  John  and  Sara. 
m.  Abigail  Stilwell  ami  settled  in  Freehold.  His  will  was  dated  1734,  proven 
1742. 

Falkinburg— This  family  descends  from  Henry  Jacobs  Falkinburg. 
who  came  from  Holstein,  a  little  province  adjoining  Denmark  on  the  south. 
His  name  in  old  records  is  variously  given.  In  what  is  now  Ocean  county, 
Caleb  Falkinburg  lived  at  the  beginning  of  the  present  century,  between 
Forked  Eiver  and  Goodluck,  and  at  one  time  on  the  place  subsequently  owned 
by  thelateCapt.  Jos.  Holmes.  He  wash.  Feb.  28,  1768,  andd  Jan.  8,  1815, 
a.  about  47  yrs.,  and  was  buried  in  the  old  graveyard  on  the  lane  to  Benja- 
min B.  Stout's,  Goodluck.  He  married  Mary  Woodmansee,  daughter  of 
Samuel,  born  17'.)'.).  After  Caleb  FalMnburg's  decease,  his  widow 
married  Sylvester  Tilton,  and  she  moved  to  Highland  county,  Ohio. 
Caleb  FalMnburg's  will  was  dated  1S17.     He  named  w.  Mary,  to  whom  he 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  \\\il 

lit  t  plantation  bought  of  Charles  Falkinburg  until  his  boii  Samuel  conies  of 
Eldest  son  John,  suns  Amos  and  Job;  daughters  Phebe,  Alice  and 
Hannah.  Executors,  Silas  Crane,  Daniel  Stout,  and  w.  Mary.  Daniel 
Stout  declined  to  act.  Charles  Falkinburg,  brother  of  Caleb,  m.  Sarah 
Brindley,  Nov.  '■'<.  1795.  He  bonght  land  near  Goodluck,  July  1.  1808,  of 
Joseph  Miller  and  w.  Rachel.  He  had  sons  Caleb  and  others  and  moved 
West  about  1818.  At  Barnegat,  Captain  Timothy  W.  Falkinburg,  Long  a 
respected  citizen  of  that  place,  d  July  5,  L878.  He  descended  from  John 
Falkinburg.  This  John  Falkinburg m.  Mary  Somers  of  Greal  EggHarbor, 
and  had  children  Samuel,  John,  Joseph,  Somers,  Hannah,  Tabitha,  Judith, 
ami  Susanna  The  son  Samuel,  generally  known  as  Captain  Samuel  Falk- 
inburg, m.  Jan.  1*117,  Mary,  dau.  of  Josiah  Cranmer,  of  Cranmertown, 
Ocean  county,  and  had  eleven  children.  All  of  the  old  stock  Falkinburgs 
left  Egg  Harbor  except  some  of  the  descendants  ol  Captain  Samuel.  Sarah 
Falkinburg  bought  a  tract  of  land  at  Forked  River  in  1812,  of  Anthony 
Parker  and  Charles  Parker  for  ninety  dollars.  In  New  Lexington  grave- 
yard, Highland  county,  Ohio,  is  a  tombstone  to  memory  of  Bhoda,  wile  of 
Caleb  Falkinburg  who  died  Feb.  10th,  1849,   aged  21  yrs. 

Fabdoh  In  tracing  this  name  hack  we  find  it  given  as  Ferdon,  Varddn 
and  originally  Verdon.  The  name  is  of  French  origin.  Jacob  Verdon  ap- 
pears to  have  been  the  first  of  this  family  iu  this  country.  His  farm  was 
Detween  twentieth  and  twenty-fifth  streets,  Brooklyn.  In  Long  Island 
records  the  name  was  sometimes  given  as  Fferdonand  Ferdon;  the  latter  is 
the  orthography  retained  l>\  some  descendants  in  New  York  state  and  else- 
where. Thomas  Fardon  who  died  about  1X77,  in  the  84th  year  of  his  age, 
was  one  of  the  first  Superintendents  of  the  Sunday  School  of  the  old 
Holmdel   Baptist   church. 

Fenton  -John  Fenton  of  Freehold,  bought  land  of  Edward  Worth  and 
Mary  his  wife,  of  Freehold.  1713.  Thomas  Fenton's  Ian  Is  bought  of 
Thomas  Parker,  Jr.,  are  referred  to,  1716.  Among  soldiers  in  the  patriot 
army  in  the  Revolution  were  George  and  Thomas  Fenton.  Lewis  Fenton, 
a  blacksmith  of  Freehold,  joined  the  Tories  and  was  killed  by  a  party  in 
pursuit  of  him  in  1779. 

Flinn — Edward  Flinn  bought  land  of  the  proprietors  in  1797,  on  the 
north  side  of  Cedar  Creek.  His  will  was  dated  1810  and  proved  Jan.  7. 
1811.  It  is  said  that  he  was  1>.  on  the  passage  of  his  parents  to  this  coun- 
try and  was  buried  in  an  old  graveyard  on  the  Gifford  place  at  Toms  River. 

Fithiax — The  founder  of  this  family  was  William  Fithian.  Tradition 
says  he  was  a  native  of  Wales  and  a  soldier  in  Cromwell's  army,  and  was 
present  at  the  execution  of  Charles  1;  after  Charles  II  was  restored  he  ha  1 
to  fly  for  his  lite;  he  came  to  Boston,  thence  to  Lynn,  thence  to  East 
Hampton,  L.  I.  Some  account  of  his  descendants  is  given  in  Howell's 
History  of  Southampton,  L.  I. 

Fish  — Gharle.s  Fish  lived  in  Freehold,  1733.  It  is  probable  he  came 
from  Long  Island. 

Fokman,  Foreman,  Fubman  -The  first  of  this  name,  probably,  in  New 
Jersey,  was  George  Foreman,  who,  in  1681,  bought  with  John  Iniaiis  and 
others,  640  acres  near,  or  at  what  is  now  Xew  Brunswick  and  west  of  the 
Raritan  river  adjoining  Matthews'  Indian  purchase.  In  Monmouth  county 
the  first  of  this  family  appear  to  have  been  Samuel  Forman  and  Aaron  For- 
mau  who  are  named  as  early  as  1688,  and  Thomas  1691.  May  "J4th,  1695, 
Thomas  Foreman  and  Mary  Allen,  both  of  Monmouth,  were  licensed  to 
marry  by  Governor  Andrew  Hamilton.  The  license  is  now  preserved  in 
the  library  of  the  Xew  Jersey  Historical  Society.  The  first  Foremans  in 
America  were  John  and  Giles  Firmin,  who  came  over  with  the  Pilgrim 
Fathers  in  Governor  Winthrop's  fleet,  1630.  They  came  from  Sudbury, 
Suffolk  county,  England.  The  first  named  Jonathan  Foreman  of  Mon- 
mouth, who  was  an  early  member  of  the  Brick  Church  at  Marlborough, 
married  Margaret  Wykoff,  dau.  of  Cornelius  Wykoff  who  was  son  of  Peter 
and  founder  of  the  Wykoff  family.  In  Monmouth  county,  some  have  ex- 
pressed the- opinion  that  the  Formans  of  Monmouth  descend  from  John 
Foreman,  the  Scotch   refugee  from  persecution,   whose  name  is  given  in 


XXV111     HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Whitehead's  History  of  Perth  Amboy,  and  who  came  over  in  1685;  hut  the 
writer  can  find  nothing  to  sustain  this  theory.  The  commission  of  David 
Forman  as  High  Sheriff  of  Monmouth  county,  1780,  is  filed  in  the  library 
of  the  New  Jersey  Historical  Society. 

General  David  Forman,  the  well  remembered  hero  of  Monmouth,  is 
said  to  have  been  the  fourth  son  of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  Lee  Forman. 
He  was  b.  Nov.  3,  1745.  His  father  was  a  wealthy  shipping  merchant  of 
New  York  and  afterwards  retired  from  business  and  settled  mi  a  farm  in 
New  Jersey.  Gen.  Forman  in.  Feb.  28,  1707,  Ann  Marsh,  dan.  of  Wm.  Marsh, 
of  Maryland.  He  d.  Sept.  12,  171)7,  aged  52  years.  His  children  (as  given 
by  Miss  Anna  M.  Woodhull)  were: 

1.  Sarah  Marsh  Forman,  b.  Feb.  1,  1773,  d.  Jan.  18,  1799;  m 
her  cousin,  Major  Wm.  Gordon  Forman  (son  of  Joseph,  oi  Shrewsbury,), 
who  was  a  graduate  of  Princeton,  and  died  at  Lexington,  Ky..  1S12. 

2.  Rivine  Forman  m.  James,  won  of  Col.  John  Neilson,  of  New 
Brunswick,  leaving  an  only  dau.,  who  m.  Rev.  George  Griftin. 

3.  Ann  Forman,  who  m.  Dr.  Jonathan  Longstreet,  of  Monmouth. 

4.  Emma  Forman  m.  Robert,  son  of  General  Cummings,  of  Newark, 
N.  J. 

5.  Malvina  Forman,  living  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.,  1873,  aged  85, 
who  owned  the  portraits  of  her  parents,  painted  by  Rembrandt  Peale. 

The  will  of  David  Forman  of  Freehold,  dated  Feb.  24th,  1802,  proved 
1813,  speaks  of  him  as  "being  anshant"  ;  it  names  w.  Nelle's  sons  Jonathan, 
Tunis  and  Samuel;  daus.  Anna  Lloyd.  Jonathan's  son  David  ;  Samuel's 
son  David. 

Foxall, — In  1677,  the  proprietors,  under  concessions,  granted  to  John 
Hance  240  acres  of  land  in  right  of  John  Foxall. 

Freeborn — Gideon  Freeborn  was  awarded  a  share  of  land  1GC>7.  He 
was  of  Portsmouth,  near  Newport,  R.  L,  and  was  probably  related  to  Wil- 
liam Freeborn,  who  is  named  among  the  freemen  at  that  place  1(155.  The 
proprietors'  Records  at  Perth  Amboy,  show  that  in  1677  a  warrant  for  land 
was  issued  to  Gideon  Freeborn  and  wife,  and  again  in  1681. 

French— Philip  French  in  1736  bought  101)  acres  of  John  Anton ii les. 
This  is  an  ancient  West  Jersey  name.  In  1670  John  French,  mason,  had 
15  acres  of  land  at  Woodbridge.  In  1680  Thomas  French  had  621  acres 
from  West  Jersey  proprietors,  and  other  tracts  at  different  dates.  In  1604 
Thomas  French,  Jr.,  had  land  from  them.  In  1737  Thomas  French  had 
96  acres  in  Mansfield  and  Richard  French  had  140  acres  in  Mansfield.  Mrs. 
Blackman  says  that  the  ancestor  of  the  Little  Egg  Harbor  family  of  the 
name  was  Francis  French,  who  settled  at  Bass  River  before  the  Revolution. 

Freneau — Philip  Freneau  was  a  resident  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  near  Mata- 
wan.  He  was  b.  in  Frankfort  street,  New  York,  Jan.  2,  1752.  The  family 
was  of  Huguenot  descent.  Pierre  Freneau,  the  father  of  Philip,  was  at 
one  time  of  South  Carolina.  He  bought  a  large  tract  of  land  near  Mount 
Pleasant  where  his  son  Philip  removed  to  in  1704.  The  father  and  grand- 
father of  Philip  are  buried  in  Trinity  church  yard,  New  York.  Philip 
Freneau,  when  about  30  yrs.  old,  m.  Eleanor  Forman,  dau.  of  Samuel.  Gen . 
Jonathan  Forman  and  Denise  Forman  were  her  brothers.  They  had  four 
daughters.  He  graduated  at  Princeton  in  same  class  as  did  Jas.  Madison. 
He  died  from  expi  'sure  Dec.  18.  1833.  An  account  of  his  life  and  literary 
labors  is  published  in  "Old  Times  in  Old  Monmouth." 

Frythowart — Aaron  Frythowart,  weaver,  bought  laud  1721  of  Major 
James  Hubbard,  Middletown. 

Fullerton— Jamed  Fullerton  is  named  as  a  juror  1602.  He  may  have 
been  the  James  Fullerton  who  at  Woodbridge,  March,  1684,  was  by  a  reso- 
lution in  town  meeting  "to  be  entertained  as  schoolmaster."  Thomas  and 
Robert  Fullerton  were  among  Scotch  refugees  from  persecution  who  came 
to  Perth  Amboy;  the  first-named  with  his  w.  and  ten  servants,  and  Robert 
with  nine  servants,  arrived  in  October,  1684.  They  were  brothers  of  the 
Laird  of  Kennaber  and  located  themselves  with  Thomas  Gordon  and  others 
on  Cedar  Brook,  about  eight  miles  west  of  Amboy. 

Gardiner— Richard  Gardiner  of  Tintern  Manor  is  named  about  1680. 


GENEALOGICAL   hECOllD.  \\l\ 

In  L683  he  boughi  Land  of  Morgan  Bryan;  1685,  Feb,  17,  he  had  conveyed 
tn  him  by  proprietors  LOO  acres  of  land  al  "Old  Woman's  Hill"  in  Middle- 
town  township.  II''  N\iis  appointed  clerk  of  Monmouth  county  L683  and 
continued  until  1687.  Joseph  and  Richard  Gardiner  are  called  sons-in-law 
by  William  Winter,  in  his  will  1722.  A  family  of  Gardiners  of  Rhode 
[aland  and  said  to  have  descended  from  Sir  Thomas  Gardiner,  whose  son, 
Joseph  Gardiner,  came  to  this  country  with  first  Bottlers;  wasb.  1601  and 
(1.  in  Bang's  county,  Rhode  Island.  L679.  He  left  six  suns;  the  fourth, 
George,  d.  a  94;  some  of  the  family  settled  on  Long  Island. 

Gaoktt  Xarhary  (launtt  of  Sandwich,  Mass  ,  was  among  the  original 
purchasers  of  land,  1667,  hut  he  seems  to  have  settled  at  Newport,  Et.  I. 
He  had  brothers  Annanias  and  Israel  who  came  to  Monmouth  and  Anna- 
nias' son  removed  to  Burlington  county.  In  Bishop's  "New  England 
•Indeed"  an  ancient  Quaker  work  published  in  London,  1703,  it  is  said  that 
Peter  Gaunt,  Ralph  Allen,  William  Allen  and  Daniel  Wine  were  lined  twenty 
shillings  each  tor  not  taking  ofE  their  hats  in  court,  and  distress  to  the 
value  of  five  pounds  taken  to  satisfy  the  fine.  This  was  about  1658.  The 
same  work  adds  that  from  Peter  Gaunt  was  taken  five  kine,  two  heifers 
630;  one  mare,  two  three-year-old  steers,  £12,  eight  bushels  peas,  £l-4s; 
four  bushels  Indian  corn  and  one-half  bushel  wheat  10s  6d-  €4:5  lis  (id, 
and  other  laws  made  to  rob  them  of  their  goods.  Zachary  Gaunt  of  Sand- 
wich sold  his  share  of  bind  in  Monmouth  to  his  brother  Annanias,  Jan.  30, 
1668. 

Gibeson,  Gdebkeson  -In  1693,  John  Gibbonson  and  Daniel  Hendrick 
of  Flatbush,  L.  I.,  sold  land  to  William  Whitlock.  John  Gabeson  was 
juror,  1699.  In  1701,  John  Gysbertson  of  Middletown,  sold  104  acres  of 
land  to  Peter  Wyckoffof  Kings  county,  Long  Island.  Sep.  21,  1717,  "John 
Gysbertse  of  Neversink,  in  the  township  of  Orosswicks  in  the  Jersies,"  con- 
veyed to  his  brother  Barman  of  Flatbush,  a  house,  barn,  orchard  and  gar- 
den in  Flatbush.  After  the  Revolution,  among  land  owners  in  what  is 
now  Ocean  county,  were  Hezekiah  Giberson  and  B.  Giberson.  About  1820 
to  '30  John  Guiberson's  saw  mill,  in  what  is  now  Ocean  county,  was  on 
Tice  Van  Horn's  brook. 

Gibbons— Richard  Gibbons,  one  of  the  twelve  men  to  whom  was 
granted  the  Monmouth  Patent,  was  an  early  settler  of  Gravesend,  L.  I, 
where  he  was  held  in  such  good  estimation  as  to  be  chosen  arbitrator  in 
disputes.  1688,  May  10,  Mordecai  Gibbons  had  540  acres  confirmed  to 
him  in  right  of  his  father.  In  1693,  he  was  named  as  ensign  in  the  militia, 
Richard  Gibbons,  the  founder  of  this  family,  while  on  Long  Island, 
signed  his  name  Richard  Gibbine,  as  stated  by  Tunis  G.  Bergen.  In  Mon- 
mouth he  signed  it  Richard  Gibbings. 

Giffobd — William  Gifford  is  named  as  being  assigned  a  share  of  land 
in  Monmouth  among  the  original  purchasers  in  1667-70.  He  was  prob- 
ably the  William  Gifford  who  about  that  time  lived  at  Sandwich,  Mass.  In 
1658-9  he  was  fined  £57  19s.  for  refusing  to  swear  allegiance  and  he,  Geo. 
Allen  and  Richard  Kirby  and  other  Quakers  were  quite  prominent  at 
Sandwich  previous  to  and  about  the  time  the  first  settlers  came  to  Mon- 
mouth. The  will  of  William  Gifford,  founder  of  the  family  in  this  coun- 
try, was  probated  March  2,  1687.  It  is  said  by  Bristol  county  descendants 
that  the  Gifford  family  trace  their  origin  back  to  the  Conquest.  At  the 
battle  of  *  Hastings,  A.  D.  1066,  Sire  Randolph  de  Gifford  was  a  standard 
bearer  of  William,  the  Conqueror;  a  descendant  named  Sir  Ambrose  Gif- 
ford had  a  son,  Walter,  who  came  to  America  in  163U  and  was  founder  of 
the  American  Branch. 

Goodbody — William  Goodbody  is  named  in  court  proceedings  1693 
as  juror  and  also  in  the  suit.  In  1698  he  bought  land  of  Joseph  Lawrence 
and  in  17U1  of  John  Stewart  and  Elizabeth,  his  w.  His  will  was  dated 
April  6,  1703. 

Gordon — Thomas  Gordon  is  occasionally  mentioned  in  Freehold  rec- 
ords as  King's  Attorney  and  in  connection  with  other  business.  He  was  a 
native  of  Pitlochie,  Scotland,  and  arrived  in  the  Province  of  New  Jersey 
in  Oct.,  1681,  with  his  w.  Ellen,  and  four  children.     A  sketch  of  his  life  is 


XXX         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

given  in  Whitehead's  Bistorj  of  Perth  Aniboy.  In  1715  John  Salter,  oi 
Freehold,  deeded  120  acres  to  Peter  Gordon,  of  same  town.  In  17."i:i  Hon. 
Richard  Salter  had  this  deed  recorded.  In  1771  Elizabeth  Gordon,  dau. 
of  Thomas,  m.  John  Salter,  son  of  the  Hon.  Richard  above  named.  Hon. 
John  B.  Gordon,  I'.  S.  Senator  from  Georgia,  probably  descended  from  a 
native  of  Monmonth  county.  Judge  Cyrus  Bruen,  now  in  the  89th  yearof 
his  age,  thinks  that  he  is  a  descendant  of  a  brother  of  Ezekiel  Gordon, 
who  formerly  resided  on  the  Battle  Ground,  and  well  known  in  Freehold. 
The  brother  preferred  to  remove  to  Georgia,  and  was  at  one  time  a  mer- 
chant in  Savannah.  In  Freehold,  1776,  David  Gordon  and  William  Gor- 
don were  named  in  list  of  inhabitants  taxed  In  Christ  Church  graveyard, 
MiddletOwn,  are  tombstones  to  the  memory  of  Jos.  Gordon,  who  d.  1*41 
in  his  69th  year;  to  his  w.,  Ruth,  in  her  42d  year,  1811,  and  to  other  mem- 
bers of  the  family. 

(liivui  Daniel  Gould  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  with  Joshua  Coggshall,  paid 
for  a  share  of  land  1667.  He  did  not  settle,  however,  here.  He  was  a 
deputy  to  the  Rhode  Island  Colonial  Legislature  1673,  and  Governor's 
assistant  1674.  In  H',77  he  had  a  warrant  for  120  acres  of  land  in  Mon- 
mouth under  proprietors'  concessions. 

Goulding,  Golding  William  Goulding  was  one  of  the  twelve  men  to 
whom  was  granted  the  Monmouth  patent  1665.  It  is  supposed  that  he 
first  settled  in  New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York,  a.s  he  owned  land  there  in 
1643.  In  the  original  division  of  town  lots  in  Middletown,  1667,  he  was 
given  lot  25  ami  also  outlands.  He  sold  his  town  lot  and  meadows  to 
Richard  Bartshome,  the  deed  for  which  was  acknowledged  Nov.  25,  1672. 
In  Freehold  records  his  name  is  signed  Will.  Golding.  Joseph  Golden  or 
Goulding  is  next  named  in  Freehold  records.  He  bought  130  acres  of  land 
near  Schenck's  Hill,  Middletown,  of  James  Hubbard,  Dec.  4,  1704;  in  1701) 
himself  and  w.  Anneke  Davis  were  members  of  the  Old  Brick  Church, 
Marlborough;  he  was  grand  juror  171)!.  etc.  I;  is  supposed  that  William 
Goulding,  the  Monmouth  patentee,  was  one  of  Lady  Deborah  Moodys 
friends,  who  left  Massachusetts  cm  account  of  Puritan  persecutions.  The 
name,  is  an  ancient  one  in  Massachusetts. 

Gkandin — In  1720  Daniel  Grandin  bought  land  of  Richard  Salter.  Iu 
1728  Daniel  Grandin  of  Freehold,  " Practitioner  of  Law,"  deeded  land  to 
Sarah  Lowell,  who  he  calls  sister-in-law.  Among  tombstones  in  oldTopan- 
emus  graveyard  are  some  erected  to  the  memory  of  members  of  the  Grandin 
family.  In  surveys  about  1755,  recorded  in  proprietor's  office,  Perth 
Amboy,  of  land  in  what  is  now  Brick  township,  "  Grandin's  Folly  is  occa- 
sionally referred  to  as  a  landmark,  but  no  explanation  is  given  of  the  origin 
of  the  term,  in  the  Revolution,  Daniel  Grandin  was  a  Loyalist  officer  in 
the  New  Jersey  Royal  Brigade. 

Grant-  John  Grant  settled  in  what  is  now  Ocean  county,  between 
Toms  River  and  Cedar  Creek  before  1704,  as  in  that  year  he  was  named 
among  taxable  inhabitants  of  old  Shrewsbury  township.  He  is  frequently 
named  in  old  records  of  deeds.  John  Grant  of  Monmouth  hail  license  to 
marry  Sarah  Irons,  Nov.  :!.   17~>0. 

Gbeen  In  1684,  Sarah  Reape  sold  to  Abiah  Edwards  all  her  claim  to 
land  of  Henry  Green.  Widow  Green  is  named  in  a  suit  in  court,  1705. 
John  Green  bought  land  of  Stephen  Colver,  1710.  Elizabeth  Green  of 
s  pi  in,  was  deceased  in  1730,  in  which  year  letters  of  administration  were 
granted  on  her  estate  to  her  son  and  heir  Joseph  Gifford.  In  17o4,  Henry 
Green  and  Henry  Green,  Jr.,  were  taxed  in  Shrewsbury  township. 

Gboveb — James  Grover  was  one  of  the  twelve  men  to  whom  was 
granted  the  Monmouth  Latent.  1665,  and  he  came  to  the  county  with  the 
first  settlers  who  are  named.  1667.  Be  was  granted  home  lot  number  six- 
teen, in  Middletown  and  outlet  number  fifteen.  He  was  among  the  first 
settlers  of  <Ti-avesei.nl.  L.  I.,  in  1646.  He  was  collector  for  the  poor,  1650. 
About  1654-5,  James  Grover,  George  Baxter  and  James  Hubbard,  prefer- 
ing  English  to  Dutch  rule,  hoisted  the  English  flag  at  Gravesend,  declaring 
themselves  subjects  of  the  Republic  of  England.  Baxter  and  Hubbard 
sent.  Grover  to  England  by  way  of  Boston,  in  1656,  to  take  a  memorial  to 


NEALOGICAL    RECORD.  xx\l 

Oliver  CromwelL     Baxter  and   Hubbard  w<  ted  .-is  traitors  by  the 

Dutch  and  sent  to  Fori  Amsterdam  and  where  they  were  liberated  by  Gov. 
Stuyvesant  at  the  earnest  solicitation  of  Lady  Deborah  Moody.  Qndi 
Proprietors'  Concessions,  Grover  received  in  1676,  a  warrant  for  500  acres 
of  land  as  one  ot  the  twelve  men  named  in  the  Monmouth  Patent.  James 
Grover,  Sr.,  died  about  the  beginning  of  the  year  1686.  He  had  three 
sons  and  two  dans.  Safetj  Grover,  a  son,  and  wife  had  a  warrant  for  120 
acres  of  land  in  1679,  From  the  Proprietors  under  the  <  oncessions.  L684, 
July  26,  Safety  Grover  and  Richard  Hartshome  were  the  only  inns  in  Mid- 
dletown  who  voted  against  swine  running  at  large  on  the  commons. 
Among  inhabitants  taxed  in  Middletown,  1761,  were  James  Grover,  Esq., 
James  Grover  and  Silvenus  Grover.  In  Upper  Freehold,  1758,  Joseph 
Grover  was  taxed  for  120  acres  of  land. 

(in.n  k  lleiidrirk  Gulick  bought  land  in  Middletown  of  Wm.  Merrill 
May  22.  1704,  being  probably  the  same  tract  which  Merrill  bought  <>t' 
Richard  Stout*  Jr.,  and  Francis,  his  w.,  in  ItisT.  The  first  of  the  Gulick 
family  in  this  country  were  Jochem  and  Hendrick.  Jochem  came  in  1653. 
Hendrick's  name  appears  the  same  year  as  a  witness  to  a  baptism  in  the  old 
Dutch  Reformed  Church  of  New  York.  Jochem  Gulick  bought  land  at 
Six  Mile  linn,  in  Middlesex  county,  previous  to  1717.  where  he  owned  330 
acres,  situated  on  both  sides  oi  Ten  Mile  Brook.  Peter  lived  in  Middlesex 
county  and  had  four  sons  and  four  dans,  and  d.  near  Franklin  Park. 
Samuel  Gulick,  a  brother  of  Abram,  had  four  sous.  Hiram.  Joachim, 
Isaac  and  John.  The  Ocean  county  Gulicks,  it  is  said,  descend  from  Ja- 
cobus, who  at  one  time  lived  at  Pleasant  Plains  and  then  removed  to 
Rhode  Hall,  where  he  kept  the  main  hotel  and  stage  house  between  New 
York  and  Philadelphia.  He  had  children  :  Joachim.  Cornelius,  Abram  (or 
"Brom,"  as  the  Dutch  called  him,),  John,  Jacobus  and  Isaac.  Isaac  set- 
tled at  Toms  Fiver  about  1794,  and  m.  Abigail  Hatfield,  a  widow  with  one 
child.  Isaac  Gulick  and  w.,  Abigail,  had  live  sous,  viz:  James.  Stephen, 
Aimer  and  William.  Abner  ami  William  m.,  removed  to  ( Ihio  and  d.  there. 
leaving  issue.  Nimrod  moved  to  Tuekahoe.  X.  J.,  where  he  d.,  leaving 
Stephen  (from  whom  some  of  these  items  are  derived)  lived  at 
Toms  River  and  then  in  Berkeley  township,  and  outlived  all  of  tin-  rest. 
James,  who  was  the  first  judge  appointed  in  Ocean  county,  was  b.  at  Cran- 
bury,  in  Middlesex  county.  Jan  9,  1793,  the  year  before  his  father  renioved 
to  Toms  Fiv.r.  and  he  d.  July  ~>th.  1*",.",.  He  had  sons  ;  John  Hatfield  (at 
onetime  Surrogate),  Sidney,  Henry  Clay,  Horatio  and  another.  Horatio 
was  County  Collector.  Stephen,  above  named,  was  brother  of  Judge  Jas. 
Gulick.  In  17'J7  Isaac  Gulick  sold  Dillon's  [gland  to  Abraham  and  George 
Parker,  and  in  deed  says  he  bought  it  17'H  of  John  Imlay.  Members  of 
the  Gulick  family  became  noted  as  missionaries  and  some  settled  in  the 
Sandwich  Islands,  where,  about  l*7n.  Chas.  T.  Gulick  held  an  official  posi- 
tion in  the  Custom  House. 

Hai.i.  John  Hall  was  awarded  a  share  of  land  1670.  He  was  probably 
from  Portsmouth.  F.  F.  as  a  John  Hall  is  named  there  among  original 
settlers.  In  17ii-2  Ben j ami*  Hall,  of  Freehold,  bought  land  of  John  Boude. 
In  1722  John  Hall  was  a  witness  to  will  of  Richard  Hartshome. 

Haight-  About  the  first  of  this  name  mentioned  in  New  Jersey  records 
were  Nicholas.  Jonathan,  David  and  John  Haight,  sons  of  Samuel  Haight 
of  Flushing,  L.  L,  who  in  1717.  sold  land  at  Amboy  to  George  Willicks. 
The  father.  Samuel  Haight  of  Flushing;,  was  a  prominent  Quaker;  he  d.  in 
1712.  William  Haight  bought  land  in  Monmouth  in  1795  of  Michael 
Parker  and  Sarah,  his  w. .  and  widow  Abigail  Bowman  of  New  York.  This 
William  Haight  had  brothers  Joseph,  Charles  and  John.  Charles  settled  at 
Long  Branch.  William  Haight  had  son  Thomas  G.,  who  was  father  of 
Gen.  Charles  Haight  of  Freehold. 

Haines.  Haynes — Charles  Haynes  is  named  in  Hoi.  in  an  agreement 
with  Randall  Huet  about  a  sloop.  In  1676  he  had  patent  for  200  acres  of 
land  and  meadow.  The  same  year.  1676,  Charles  Haynes  of  Sussex.  Dela- 
ware, formerly  of  Middletown.  deeded  land  granted  by  Carteret  1676  to 
William  Clark. 


XXX11      HISToKY    Hi'    MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    C0UNTD3S 

Hai.sky  Jesse  Halsey  of  Stafford  bought  land  177'j  from  Joseph 
Emley.  He  was  at  one  time  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Stafford.  The  Halsey 
family  were  early  settlers  m  Esses  county,  and  Joseph  was  perhaps  the 
first  named.  Meml  ers  of  the  family  early  settled  on  Long  Island.  In  the 
tax  list  of  Southampton,  L.  I.,  1683,  among  taxpayers  were  Thomas  Halsey, 
Isaac  Halsey  and  Josiah  Halsey.  A  large  amount  of  genealogical  informa- 
tion of  blanches  of  the  Halsey  family  is  lo  be  found  in  the  published 
records  of  the  Presbytt-rian  church  of  Morristown. 

Hamilton  Robert  Hamilton  is  named  as  juror  1678.  In  1679  he  is 
iiaineil  as  living  in  New  York.  In  1682  he  bought  land  in  Middletown  of 
Jacob  Truax.  At  the  <  ourt  of  Sessions  at  Middletown,  March  22,  1687, 
the  commission  of  Robert  Hamilton  as  Clers  of  the  Peace  was  read.  He  is 
called  Major  at  tLis  time.  Andrew  Hamilton  was  Governor  of  East  and 
West  Jersey,  and  also  Lieut. -Governor  of  Pennsylvania  from  17<d  to  17o:{. 
and  d.  April  26  of  the  latter  year. 

Hampton  John  Hampton  came  to  this  country,  probably  in  1683,  as 
it  is  stated  in  Perth  Amboy  records  that  his  children  Jane,  Elizabeth, 
Lideah,  John  and  David  w,ere  "imported"  that  year.  His  plantation  in 
Monmouth  is  referred  to  in  HisT.  The  will  of  David  Hamilton  of  Freeh<  M 
dated  Sept  It',.  171".  was  proved  Feb.  27.  1711.  In  1764,  John  Hamilton 
and  -James  Hampton  were  assessed  in  old  Shrewsbury  township.  William 
Hampton     was  in     Freehold,      S.776.      -John     Hampton     was 

licensed  to  marry  Lidy  Hankinson,  March  9,  1761. 

Ham  k  John  Hance  was  among  original  settlers  of  Monmouth  1667. 
He  was  Deputy  and  overseer  at  a  court  held  at  Portland  Point,  Dee.  28, 
1669.  Sept  1 670,  he  covenanted  to  make  a  pair  of  Btocks  for  the  town, 
for  which  he  was  to  receive  twelve  shillings  and  sixpence.  During  the 
brief  sway  of  the  Dutch  in  H',7:>.  he  was  appointed  "  b  ihepen  "  or  magistrate 
by  them.     In  167  ived  a  warrant  for  330  acres  of  land.     The  will 

of  John  Hance  was  dated  March  24,  17n7.  proved  Jan.  27.  1710.     It   states 
that  he   was  of  Shrewsbury.     Tradition  says  that  John  Hance  came  origi- 
nally from  Wales.     l>nt  it  is  evident  that  he  had  lived  many  years  in  Dover, 
New  Hampshire,  before  he  came  to  Monmouth.     After  1665,  his  name  dis- 
appears from  records  of  that  town.     He  was  a  brother-in-law   of  Tobias 
•Hanson,  also  of  Dover,  New  Hampshire,  who  came  with  Hance  to  Shrews- 
bury but  who  subsequently  returned  to  New  Hampshire  and  was  killed  by 
the  Indians.     He  left  a  son  Tobias  whose  name  also  appears  in  Freehold 
records.     Isaac  Hance,  tradition  says,  died  about  1 7 ' "> 4 .     In   Mount   Holly 
-   '4    marriages   i-   one  of   the  marriage  of   Judiah  Hance  to  Sarah 
Drown.  Oct  1".  1791.     Among  tax  payers  in  Shrewsbury  township.  1764, 
Benjamin,   Jervise,  Isaac.  Jacob,   David,  Jr.,   David  at  the  Branch, 
Timothy  and  son.  and  John  Hance. 

Hankins -Je.hn  Hankins  is  named  17H.7;  in  a  deed  from  Samuel 
Leonard  to  Edward  Taylor.  This  "path"  is  referred  to  1713.  Thomas 
and  Edward  Hankins  were  witnesses  to  a  deed  1713.  Among  licenses  to 
marry,  recorded  at  Trenton,  are  Thomas  Hankins  of  Monmouth  to  Mary 
Clemminger,  Sept.  12.  1728;  Daniel  Hankins  of  Middlesex.  17:«7:  Isaiah  of 
Burlington,  1771;  John  of  Burlington,  177^:  William,  Jr.,  of  Middlesex, 
1701.  In  17o4  Zachariah  Hankins  was  among  citizens  taxed  in  old  shrews- 
l.ury  township,  and  in  1776  was  taxed  in  Freehold.  The  name  of  John 
Hawkins  occurs  at  Hempstead,  L.  I..  1683  with  Spraggs,  Cheesemans  and 
other  names  since  familiar  in  New  Jersey.  Perhaps  the  first  John  of  Mon- 
mouth came  from  thence 

Hankinson  There  seems  to  have  been  two  Thomas  Hankinsons 
among  first  settlers  of  Monmouth.  About  1688  Thomas  and  Richard 
Hankinson  received  a  patent  from  proprietors  for  120  acres  of  land.  In 
1690  a  Thomas  Hankinson.  a.  about  18  yrs.,  and  Peter  Hankinson.  a.  about 
16,  were  in  the  employ  of  Thos.  Warne,  carpenter,  who  was  b.  in  Ply- 
mouth. England,  lived  for  a  while  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  and  came  to  Amer- 
ica with  his  brother  Stephen  in  1683.  This  Thomas  Hankinson.  who  was 
with  Warne,  it  may  he  presumed,  learned  Warm's  trade  of  carpentering. 
The  Thomas  Hankinson  frequently  named  in  early  records  of  land  sales, 


GENEALOGICAL  RECORD.  WX1U 

■  was  probably  the  one  named  with  Elichard.  In  1710  Thomas  EanMnaon 
bought  610  acres  of  land  from  Benjamin  Allen,  of  Freehold.  The  Bame 
year  he  is  said  to  be  of  Freehold  in  a  deed  from  him  Eor  100  acres  of  land 
to  Cornelius  Covenhoven,  of  Middletown.  In  1717  he  sold  land  to  Marte 
Salem.  In  1 7i '. I  James  and  Thomas  Hankinson  were  among  persons 
taxed  in  old  Shrewsbury  township.  In  1 776  among  persons  taxed  in  Free- 
hold township  were  Kenneth  Hankinson  for  594  acres  and  64  horses  and 
cattle;  William  Hankinson  150  acres;  Albert  Hankinson  and  Will.  Hankin- 
son, Jr.  In  the  early  part  of  the  present  century  William  Hankinson  m. 
Mary,  dau.  of  Joseph  Perrine;  she  was  b.  March  27,  1798,  and  d.  Sept.  7, 
1881.  She  had  dau.  Elizabeth  Perrine  Hankinson.  Capt.  Kenneth  Han- 
kinson was  noted  in  the  Revolutionary  history  of  Monmouth  and  had  son 
.lames,  who  had  a  dau.  whom.  James  Newell,  father  of  ex-Governor  Wil- 
liam A.  Newell,  fn  177*  Elizabeth  Hankinson  m.  William  Van  Brunt,  son 
of  Nicholas,  High  Sheriff  of  Monmouth. 

Hanson  Tobias  Hanson  was  among  original  settlers  who  bought  land 
of  the  Indians  1667;  he  is  said  to  have  settled  at  or  near  Nevisinks.  He 
was  from  Dover,  New  Hampshire,  and  was  a  son  of  Thomas  Hanson,  who 
was  granted  land  at  Dover  1658.  Tobias  came  to  Monmouth.  He  did  not 
remain  long,  but  returned  to  Dover  after  the  death  of  his  father,  probably 
to  care  for  his  father's  estate.  His  fate  and  that  of  a  part  of  his  family  was 
sad.  On  the  28th  of  June,  1689,  his  w.  was  captured  by  the  Indians  and 
his  mother  was  killed  the  same  day.  He  himself  was  killed  by  the  Indians 
May  10,  1693.  He  left  children  Tobias,  Joseph  and  others.  The  son 
Tobias  was  eldest  and  heir,  and  his  name  appears  occasionally  in  Freehold 
and  Perth  Amboy  records. 

Hart — Thomas  Hart  paid  for  a  share  of  land  bought  of  Indians  in 
Monmouth  1667-70.  There  was  a  Thomas  Hart  of  Enfield,  England,  who 
became  one  of  the  twenty-four  proprietors  1682.  But  this  Thomas  named 
iu  Monmouth  1667  70,  was  probably  of  Rhode  Island.  In  1713  the  land 
of  "the  late  Thomas  Hart"  is  referred  to  in  a  Freehold  record  of  a  road 
survey.  Capt,  Elias  Hart,  d.  in  Freehold  in  Jan.  31,  1882,  aged  eighty- 
eight  years  and  one  month.  Levi  Hart,  his  grandfather,  emigrated  from 
England  about  1735  and  settled  at  Colt's  Neck.  Jacob  Hart  kept  the  hotel 
at  Colt's  Neck  about  1787,  known  as  Hart's  Tavern.  He  had  brother  Ebe- 
nezer,  who  had  sons  Elias  (settled  in  Freehold),  Levi,  Permelia,  Zelphia, 
Walter  and  Margaiet. 

Haekcut,  Haekee — Daniel  Harker  was  a  security  to  the  amount  of 
£125,  for  High  Sheriff  Forman,  March,  1696.  Daniel  Harkcut,  "late  of 
Freehold,  now  of  Great  Harbor"  (Absecom  Creek?)  in  1713  sold  land  to 
Abraham  Emans,  late  of  Gravesend. 

Haetshoene — Richard  Hartshorne,  ancestor  of  the  Hartshornes  of  old 
Monmouth,  was  a  ( Quaker  of  good  reputation  and  benevolent  disposition. 
He  came  to  this  country  in  September,  1669,  and  soon  located  at  the  High- 
lands, where  his  descendants  have  since  lived.  The  celebrated  Geo.  Fox 
visited  him  in  the  spring  of  1672  on  his  way  to  Friends'  Meeting  at  Oyster 
Bay,  L.  I.  In  the  latter  part  of  June  of  the  same  year,  Fox  again  visited 
him.  Richard  Hartshorne  says  he  was  then  75  years  old,  by  which  it 
would  seem  he  was  b.  about  1641,  and  was  28  years  old  when  he  came  to 
this  country.  He  was  named  for  High  Sheriff  of  Monmouth  1683,  but  de- 
clined the  office.  He  held  various  positions  of  trust;  was  Town  Clerk  of 
Middletown  1675-7;  member  of  the  Provincial  Assembly  1683  and  in  other 
years;  in  Council,  1684,  98-9;  was  Speaker  of  the  Assembly  1686,  etc. 
Hujdi  Hartshorne  was  at  one  time  a  New  Jersey  proprietor.  In  the 
division  of  town  lots  at  Middletown,  1667,  lot  number  25  was  awarded  to 
William  Golding  who  sold  the  same  to  Richard  Hartshorne.  On  April  23d, 
167d,  William  Goulding  sold  all  his  claims  for  lands  in  Monmouth  to  Rich- 
ard Hartshorne.  This  was  recorded  in  the  Middletown  Town  Book,  page 
4s,  and  dated  Nov.  25th,  1672.  Richard  Hartshorne  also  owned  a  large 
tract  of  land  at  the  Highlands  which,  in  1703,  he  gave  to  his  son  William 
and  not  long  after  moved  into  Middletown  village.  In  the  year  1703, 
Richard  Hartshorne  made  a  deed  of  gift  of  the  Highlands  estate,  including 


XXXIV        HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH  AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Sandy  Hook,  to  his  son  William.  After  this  transaction  he  resided  in  the 
house  now  standing  adjoining  the  Baptist  parsonage.  This  house  is  proba- 
bly the  oldest  in  the  county.  He  lived  in  this  house  until  his  death,  in 
1722.  and  was  buried  in  the  burial  ground  adjoining  the  house,  but  the  site 
of  his  grave  is  unknown.  The  Highlands  estate  remained  intact  until  1702 
when  Esek  released  to  Robert  all  his  title  to  lands  south  of  a  line  drawn 
east  and  west  through  the  Highlands,  making  each  tract  about  seven  hun- 
dred and  forty-seven  acres  and  each  retaining  half  interest  in  Sandy  Hook. 
The  property  of  Robert,  being  the  south  part,  lies  on  Nevesink  river.  It 
was  kept  by  him  until  his  death,  1801.  The  will  of  Richard  Hartshorne, 
the  founder  of  the  family,  was  dated  at  Middletown,  May  14,  1722,  and 
proved  May  22.  1722;  it  says:  " My  body  is  to  be  decently  buried  * 
My  will  is.  all  my  del  its  to  be  paid  and  it  is  not  in  my  memory  that  I  owe 
five  shillings  to  any  man  or  woman."  His  executors  were  sons  "William 
and  Hugh.  Witnesses  Richard  Stout.  John  Wall  and  Joseph  Cox.  Richard 
Hartshorne.  the  founder  of  the  family  in  New  Jersey,  was  bom  in  Heath- 
erne  in  the  northern  part  of  Leicestershire,  England. 

Haring— Jacob  D.  Haring  bought  an  interest  in  laud  around  light- 
house at  Barnegat  Inlet  of  Bornt  Slaght,  in  1838.  The  Harings  are  of 
Dutch  origin.  Probably  the  first  was  Jan  Pieterozen  Haering,  who  joined 
the  Dutch  Church  New' York,  Oct.  2s.  1668. 

Hatton,  Hutton-  Samuel  Hatton  or  Hutton,  in  1077,  claimed  war- 
rant for  land  in  right  of  Peter  Easton.  of  Rhode  Island,  who  was  one  of 
the  original  purchasers  of  the  land  in  Monmouth  of  the  Indians,  but  who 
remained  in  Rhode  Island.    The  name  is  given  both  as  Hatton  and  Hutton. 

Havens — John  Havens  was  among  original  settlers  of  Monmouth  and 
is  named  1668  among  inhabitants  of  Nevesink  who  took  the  oath  of  alle- 
giance. In  1675  he  received  from  proprietors  a  warrant  for  120  acres  of 
land:  another  patent  of  land  was  issued  to  him  1681;  in  1682  he  is  named 
as  a  Commissioner.  His  will  was  dated  March  11.  1687,  and  proved  Sept. 
9,  1687.  The  Havens  family  descend  from  Wm.  Havens,  one  of  the  first 
settlers  of  Portsmouth.  Rhode  Island,  named  in  January,  1639.  He  died 
1683.  His  will  was  dated  March  12,  1680,  and  probated  Sept.,  1683.  The 
son  John  came  to  Monmouth  about  1667;  there  was  a  Jane  Havens,  dan. 
of  John,  (probably  the  John  of  Monmouth,  i  who  m.  Thomas  Shreve. 
Among  taxpayers  in  Shrewsbury  in  1764.  were  Daniel  Havens  and  John 
Havens.  Jesse  and  Moses  Havens  were  soldiers  in  the  Revolutionary  war. 
In  1800  a  John  Havens,  called  senior,  bought  a  tract  of  land  on  Kettle 
Creek.  The  late  Hon.  Abraham  0.  S.  Havens,  who  was  the  second  mem- 
ber of  the  Assembly  from  Ocean  county  (1854),  was  a  son  of  John  Havens, 
who  m.  Anner  Osborn,  sister  of  Col.  Abraham  Osborn.  Hon.  A.  O.  S. 
Havens  d.  Oct  16,  1851.  His  widow,  Ann,  d.  in  1882  in  the  79th  year  of 
her  age.  She  was  a  dau.  of  Esquire  Davidson  of  Wall  township  in  Mon- 
mouth. She  was  an  earnest  christian  and  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church 
at  Kettle  Creek,  to  which  her  husband,  Hon.  A.  0.  S.  Havens,  had  be- 
queathed five  hundred  dollars. 

Havilaxd,  Heavii.and— Letters  of  administration  were  granted  on  the 
estate  of  John  Haviland,  Aug.  31,  1721.  to  Gabriel  Stelle  and  Elisha  Law- 
rence. In  1776  Joseph  Heaviland  was  assessed  in  Freehold  for  130  acres 
of  land  and  sixteen  horses  and  cattle. 

Hawes  John  Hawes  was  among  first  settlers  at  Wakake.  Monmouth 
county,  named  1669.  He  sold  a  house  and  1.  it  to  Richard  Hartshorne.  May 
21,  1670,  and  his  w.  Jone  (Joan? i  joined  in  signing  the  deed.  The  deed 
or  agreement  about  the  sale  was  recorded  in  the  old  Middletown  Town 
Book.  In  1670  he  was  appointed  to  make  stocks  for  the  town  of  Middle- 
town.  The  name  John  Hawes  appears  in  Plymouth  Colony  records  1660  8. 
In  the  latter  year  he  was   appointed  to  receive  excise  taxes  at  Yarmouth. 

Hazard—  Robert  Hazard,  with  Gideon  Freeborn,  was  among  the  num- 
ber who  paid  for  and  was  awarded  a  share  of  land  1667.  This  family  has 
been  quite  prominent  in  Rhode  Island.  There  was  a  Thomas  Hazard  at 
Middleburgh,  now  Newton,  Long  Island,  who  was  named  as  a  delegate  of 
Newtown,  L.  I.,  1653. 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  XXXV 

Hkvi;i>    James  Heard  is  referred  to  in  Freehold  records  as  a  puree 
of  Lands  in  Court  records,  dated  Dec.  28,  l-  -    in  Septembei 

as  his  will  was  dated  Shrewsbury,  Sept  1.  L687.  It  refers  to  his  w.,  names 
s,,n  Edward,  Bon-in-law  John  West;  daughters  Sarah.  Lafetra  and  Eliza- 
beth West;  and  children  Robert  West,  Frances  St"tit.  Mary  Camock  and 
Ann  Chamberlain. 

l.uK.YKi:  in  1715  Hendrick  Verwey  of  Freehold,  sold  land  to  Mindart 
Laf aver  of  New  York.  The  same  year  Mindart  Lafever,  of  Middletown, 
Bold  land  t"  Daniel  Polhemus  of  Flatbnsh,  L.  I.  In  ]  7 J •"*  William  Brewer 
sold  land  he  had  bought  of  Mindart  Lafever  to  William  Leeds. 

Laketua  Edmund  Laf etra,  first  named  in  Monmouth,  had  warrant 
for  land  1  •  '•  7 ■"» .  Tin-  name  Lafetra  indicates  French,  and  probably  Hugue- 
not origin. 

Ladjg    -William  Laing  was  collector  of  Freehold  township  1695.       He 
was  ti •  -in  Scotland  and  his  will  is  dated  1709.       Among  wills  filed  but  not 
recorded  at  Trenton,  is  one  of  John  Lang  of  Middlesex,  dated  1697.     He 
was  the  one  probably  who  came  over  in   1685  from  Craigsforth,  Aberdeen, 
nd,  wh"s.  -rled  near  Plainfield,  X.  J.,  and  were  mem- 

:  the  Rahway  and  Plainfield  Quaker  meeting.  Much  of  the  genealogy 
of  the  Laing  family  has  been  collected  by  < '. B.Leonard.  Esip.  of  Plainfield, 
New  Jersey. 

Laird — The  tradition  handed  down  on  this  family  states  that  three 
brothers,  Alexander.  William  and  Robert  Laird,  emigrated  from  Scotland 
-•  Jersey  previous  to  1700.  Robert  Laird,  a  descendant  of  one  of 
these  brothers,  wasb.  April  7.  1758,  and  d.  June  3,  1811.  His  w.  Eliza- 
beth was  b  May  12,  1754.  and  d.  April  13.  1S33.  Their  heme  was  at  Eng- 
lishtown.  They  had  fovir  sons  and  two  daughters.  Samuel,  third  son  of 
Robert,  was  b.  Feb.  1,  17*7:  in  1817  he  became  proprietor  of  the  hotel  at 
Colt's  Neck,  which  he  kept  for  42  yrs..  ami  d.  there  July  5,  1859.  His  wife 
was  Eleanor  Tilton,  who  was  born  May  16,  17'.t5.  and  died  June  1,  1848. 
They  had  eleven  children:  one.  Lis  son  Joseph,  when  a  boy.  rode  the 
famous  race  horse  -Fashion"  in  1842,  in  her  race  with  "Boston," 
making  the  fastest  time  that  ever  had  been  made  this  side  of  the  Atlantic, 
ion"  was  owned  by  his  father.  Dr.  Robert  Laird  was  State  Senator 
Is.-,.",  6-7. 

La^isox — Lambson—  The  earliest  mention  of  this  family  is  at  Penn's 
Neck.  Salem  county.  Thomas  Lambson  and  w.  Ann.  came  to  America  and 
settled  at  Penn's  Neck  about  1690.  They  were  of  the  Baptist  faith.  They 
had  nine  children.  A  descendant,  named  Matthias  Lampson,  owned  in 
present  century  the  brick  mansion  near  Salem  Creek,  built  by  an  ancestor 
about  1730. 

La>-e -Gilbert  Lane  of  New  Utrecht.  L.  I.,  bought  land  May  31,  1699, 
of  Tobias  Hanson.  Adrian  Lane  of  New  Utrecht.  L.  I.,  bought  land  in 
Middletown,  June  21,  1701.  of  Peter  Tilton.  Jas.  Lane  of  Freehold, 
•  land  1705  of  Robert  Burnett.  Inl7ir.i  ( risbert  Lane  of  New  Utrecht, 
L.  I.,  bought  land  of  Daniel  Applegate  and  others  of  Alexander  Innes, 
clerk.  In  1711  Gisbert  Lane  of  Middletown,  deeded  land  to  his  son  Cor- 
nelius. Shrewsbury.  Cornelius  was  grand  juror  1715.  The  will  of  Gilbert 
Lane  was  dated  Nov.  7.  172'i.  and  named  w.,  Jane,  son  Adrian,  dau.  Cath- 
arine DeHart.  Mary  Van  Sicklen,  Jane  Lane  and  grandchild  of  deceased 
dau..  Williamse  Hendrickson,  formerly  w.  of  Wm.  Hendrickson.  The  will 
was  proved  1727.  The  Lanes  of  Old  Monmouth  were  from  Holland  and 
mainly  descend  from  Gysbert  and  Jacob  Thysz  Van  Pelt  Lanen,  and  are 
of  the  same  stock  as  the  Van  Pelts,  using  Lane.  Laen  or  Laan  as  a  surname 
1  of  Van  Pelt.  In  1764  Cornelius  Lane  was  a  taxpayer  in  Old 
Shrewsbury  township.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  last  century  Jacob  Lane 
settled  at  Goodluck. 

Laweexce — William  Lawrence  was  among  the  original  purchasers  of 
the  land  in  Monmouth,  1667.  William  Lawrence,  first  of  the  name,  be- 
came a  large  land  owner  and  during  his  life  deeded  tracts  to  his  children. 
The  will  of  William  Lawrence  1st,  was  dated  at  Middletown.  Dec.  3d,  1701, 
and   proved   May    22.    17nl,    and  is  quite  a  lengthy  instrument.     Among 


XXXY1      HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

other  items  bo  bequeaths  to  his  loving  w.  Elizabeth  during  her  natural  life, 
forty  acres  of  laud  with  the  dwelling  house,  barn,  orchard,  &c,  thereon; 
also  to  said  wife  all  household  goods  and  furniture  that  he  had  with  her 
when  he  married  her;  also  two  cows.  To  my  sen  Joseph  I  give  the  use 
of  my  negro  boy  "Shallo"  for  the  term  of  thirteen  years,  when  said 
negro  boy  is  to  be  free.  To  three  grandsons  he  nave  each  a  horse.  To 
one  granddaughter  ten  shillings  and  to  his  granddaughters  Mary.  Hannah. 
Elizabeth,  Susannah  and  Rebecca  Grover,  each  one  a  two  year  old  heifer. 
All  the  remainder  of  his  estate,  real  and  personal,  he  gives  to  his  s.  ins 
Elisha  and  Joseph  and  makes  William  and  Elisha  his  executors.  It  is 
dated  Dec.  3d,  1701.  James  S.  Lawrence,  grandson  of  James  Lawrence. 
was  born  at  the  homestead.  Cream  Ridge,  and  he  was  for  many  years  a 
judge,  also  member  of  the  Legislature,  \ 'resident  of  Freehold  Eankin_  I 
&c.  He  d.  Feb.  26,  1860,  in  his  sixty-third  year.  He  married,  first.  Mary 
S.  dau.  of  Hendrick  Conover,  and  second,  Phebe  Ann.  dan.  of  Nathaniel 
S.  Rue,  Sr.  Elisha  Lawrence,  sheriff  of  Monmouth,  at  the  breaking  out  of 
the  Revolution,  was  born  in  17T* ».  He  raised  a  corps  of  five  hundred  men 
which  he  commanded  in  the  Royalists  Brigade.  In  1777.  he  was  taken 
prisoner  by  General  Sullivan  on  Saten  Island.  After  peace  he  left  with 
the  Britisli  army  with  his  rank  of  Colonel  and  half  pay.  Thomas  Law- 
rence of  New  Jersey  joined  the  Royalists  and  was  a  Major  in  the  British 
service.  In  the  Revolutionary  war.  in  the  Continental  army,  Benjamin 
Lawrence  was  a  lieutenant,  1776-80,  and  Daniel,  John.  Nathaniel  and 
Thomas,  privates.  In  the  State  Militia,  Elisha  Lawrence  was  a  colonel  and 
also  cptartermaster;  Elisha,  Jr.,  major  and  lieutenant-colonel,  1775-7; 
Abram,  Daniel,  George,  Isaac.  Israel.  John,  Thomas  and  William  were  pri- 
vates. Robert  Lawrence  died  in  Upper  Freehold.  Oct.  31,  1881,  in  his  90th 
year;  he  was  a  lawyer  and  had  been  a  member  of  the  Assembly  for  upwards 
of  twenty  years  and  also  speaker. 

Lawrie,  Laurie — Thomas  Lawrie,  brother  of  Deputy-Governor  Gawen 
Lawrie,  came  to  this  country  in  16*3.  with  two  children.  .Tames  and  Anne. 
His  will  was  dated  March  6th,  1712,  and  proved  August  12th,  1714.  He 
appointed  son  James  his  executor.  In  the  will  of  James  Redford,  1726,  he 
speaks  of  his  son-in-law  James  Lawrie.  In  1705,  James  Laurie  bought  ls7 
acres  near  Allentown  upon  which  he  built  a  cabin  and  remained  the  re- 
mainder of  his  lite.  In  1727  the  son  James  purchased  of  Anthony  Wood- 
ward 132  acres,  situated  on  Crosswieks  Creek,  and  in  1731.  was  taxed  for  318 
acres  of  land.  This  James  had  two  sons.  Thomas  and  William.  In  175S, 
William  was  taxed  in  Upper  Freehold  for  490  acres  of  land  and  Thomas 
for  300  acres.  William  was  a  prominent  Quaker  and  Thomas  was  a  store 
keeper  in  Allentown. 

Layto>-.  Lawtox— "William  Laytonwas  a  "townshipper"  among  origi- 
nal settlers  of  Monmouth.  1667.  He  had  town  lot  number  fourteen  in  Mid- 
dletown.  In  1677.  he  received  a  warrant  for  218  acres  of  land  from  Pro- 
prietors. Among  tax  payers  in  Middletown  township.  1761,  were  Andrew, 
John.  William  and  Anthony  Layton.  In  Shrewsbury,  lTt',4.  were  Andrew, 
William,  Lemuel,  Obadiah,  Safety,  John  and  Samuel  and  son.  This 
family  may  descend  from  Thomas  Layton  who  was  among  original  settlers 
of  Portsmouth,  Rhode  Island,  11    - 

LeCock,  Lacock— Robert  LeCock.  Shrewsbury,  had  returned  from 
proprietors  179  acres  in  1679.  The  same  year  he  had  also  a  warrant  for 
160  acres.  In  1687  his  place  is  named  in  will  of  John  Chambers,  and  his 
name  'riven  as  Lacock. 

LeCovte— Peter  LeOonte  of  Staten  Island,  bought  land  at  Woodbridge, 
N.  J.,  in  1696.  In  the  will  of  Elias  Mestayer,  1731.  is  mentioned  the  name 
of  lVter  Lee  Conte,  physician,  of  Shrewsbury.  Sept.  •">.  1734.  Robt  Stout 
of  Shrewsbury,  conveyed  to  Peter  LeConte,  physician  and  surgeon  of  the 
town  of  Freehold.  500  acres  near  Barnegat.  He  m.  Valeria,  dau.  of  John 
Eaton  of  Eatontown,  who  d.  17ss  in  her  72d  year,  and  was  buried  at 
<  ►range,  N.  J.  Their  dau.  Margaretta  m.  Rev.  -Tedediah  Chapman  of  the 
Presbyterian  church.  Orange.  ~  Their  first  child,  named  Peter  LeConte 
Chapman,  upon  reaching  maturity,  adopted   its  grandfather's  name  (Peter 


GENEALOGICAL   l;l.<  ORD.  xxxvii 

LeConte)  in  consid<  ration  of  the  settlement  upon  him  of  his  grandfatb  i  a 

large  estate.  He  studied  law  and  settled  in  Western  New  York.  John  I. 
LeConte,  b.  in  Shrewsbury  1784,  was  a  noted  Naturalist.  In  the  Presby- 
terian graveyard  near  Matawan,  is  a  tombstone  to  the  memory  of  Dr.  Peter 
LeConte,  who  d.  -Ian.  29,  L768,  in  the  66th  year  of  his  age. 

Leeds  Warrants  fur  lands  were  issued  bj  Easi  Jersej  proprietors  in 
1676  as  follows :  Thomas  Leeds,  Sr.  and  w.  240  acres:  William  Leeds  an  1 
w.  Dorothea  120  acres;  Daniel  Leeds  and  w.  (Anna?)  120  acres,  Thomas 
Leeds,  Jr.,  and  w.  Ann  120  acres.  In  Burlington  county,  the  name  Daniel 
Leeds  occurs  1677.  Daniel  Leeds,  of  Burlington,  was  first  Surveyor-Gen- 
eral of  West  Jersey;  Lis  books  are  in  the  office  at  Burlington  and  date  from 
1681  to  1710. 

Leffebts,  Leffebtson —  Ouka  Leffers  named  in  courl  proceedings 
171(1  was  the  Ouke  Lefferson  who  with  w.,  Catrina  Vbnk,  joined  the  Marl- 
borough Brick  Church  1709.  He  was  b.  April  L  1678,  and  was  son  of  Let- 
terts  Pieterse,  who  came  from  Haughwort  or  Hauwert  in  North  Holland 
abont  1660.  AukeJanse  Van  Nuyse  settled  at  Flatbush,  L.I.  Lefferts 
Pieterse  had  a  number  of  children  who  are  named  in  Hergen's  Lines  i  (uni- 
ty settlers.  His  son  who  came  to  Monmouth  was  named  Auke,  hut  was 
generally  called  <  mka. 

LeMaistbe,  Mastebs  Among  names  of  original  purchasers  of  land 
in  Monmouth  1667,  was  Francis  Masters,  as  the  name  is  recorded  in  Free- 
hold records.  He  is  named  at  same  time  as  a  "townshipper."  His  name 
subsequently  appears  in  proceedings  of  court  and  in  proprietors' records, 
Perth  Amboy,  as  LeMaistre.  Their  names  indicate  that  both  were  of 
Huguenot  origin.  The  name  LeMaistre  was  soon  corrupted  to  Masters. 
In  1675  Francis  LeMaistre  or  Master,  was  granted  240  acres  in  Shrewsbury 
by  proprietors.  The  same  year  Clement  Masters  and  Paulin  Masters  were 
granted  120  acres  in  Shrewsbury. 

Leonaed— James  Leonard  of  Taunton,  Mass.,  was  one  of  the  original 
purchasers  of  land  in  Monmouth  1667  70.  He  did  not  settle  here  but  sold 
his  share  to  Sarah  Reape,  December,  lTt'T,  and  in  the  deed  is  called 
"ironmonger."  Henry  Leonard,  brother  of  James,  from  whom 
most  of  the  ancient  Monmouth  Leonards  descend,  had  w.  Mary,  and  came 
to  New  Jersey,  it  is  supposed,  about  1674  or  5  and  engaged  in  the  iron  busi- 
ness with  Col.  Lewis  Morris  at  Tinton  Falls.  Henry  Leonard  had  warrants 
for  land  in  1676  for  450  acres  and  then  for  300  acres.  The  Leonard  bros. 
early  had  a  sawmill,  named  in  K'.s?  92  and  other  times.  The  Leonard 
family  descend  from  Thomas  Leonard  of  England,  who  was  a  son  of  Henry 
Leonard,  b.  in  the  latter  part  of  reign  of  Queen  Mary,  or  early  part  of 
reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  In  the  northern  part  of  New  Jersey  was  another 
branch  of  the  Leonard  family,  descending  from  the  James  of  Taunton, 
first  named  in  Monmouth  as  a  purchaser,  but  not  settler.  He  had  several 
children.  In  the  Revolutionary  war  some  members  of  the  Leonard  family 
friendly  to  the  Church  of  England,  joined  ;ke  Loyalists,  among  whom  were 
John,  John  Jr.,  Joseph,  Thomas  and  Samuel  Leonard,  whose  property  was 
advertised  to  be  confiscated.  At  sale.  March  27,  1779,  John  Schenck 
bought  property  of  Thomas  Leonard.  The  latter  was  a  merchant  of  Free- 
hold. He  became  a  major  in  the  Royalist  service  and  was  taken  prisoner 
by  the  Americans  in  1777  and  confined  at  East  on,  Pa.  At  the  close  of  the 
war  lie  went  to  St.  John,  New  Brunswick. 

Letts — Francis  Letts  was  taxed  in  old  Shrewsbury  1764.  In  17'.t2 
Francis  Letts  took  up  land  south  side  Cedar  Creek,  and  in  1801  John  Letts 
took  up  land  just  above  house  of  Francis  Letts.  At  Manahawken,  Thomas 
Letts  Bold  land  to  Samuel  Brown  in  1793,  and  in  1800  he  sold  to  Luke 
Courtenay.  In  the  Eevolutionary  war  John  and  Nehemiah  Letts  were 
soldiers  from  old  Monmouth  county.  This  family  descend  from  William 
Letts,  an  original  settler  of  Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey.  Daniel  Letts 
lived  about  beginning  of  this  century  on  north  side  of  Stout's  Creek,  on 
the  place  subsequently  owned  by  Joseph  Stout:  he  had  son  David  who 
'lived  at  Goodluck,  corner  of  the  church  lane. 

Lewis     Ezekiel  Lewis  was  a  taxpayer  of  Middletown  in  1761.     Among 


XXXY111     HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

taxpayers  of  Shrewsbury  in  1764  writ-  William.  Daniel,  and  William  Lewis 
of  Turkeytown.  Jonathan  Lewis,  who  settled  near  Bayville  about  close  of 
last  century,  tradition  says  came  from  near  Blue  Ball.  His  Bon  Ezekiel 
was  b.  there  Sept.  3.  1791.  He  was  m.  to  2d  w.  Deborah  Stout,  sister  of 
Captain  Benjamin  Stout  of  Goodluck,  in  1796.  Besides  son  Ezekiel,  he 
had  three  other  children.  Ezekiel  settled  on  south  branch  of  Forked  River. 
Be  served  in  wai  of  Is  12,  in  Captain  James  Newell's  company  of  Colonel 
John  Frelinghuysen's  regiment  He  m.  Sarah  ('..  youngest  child  of 
Jacob  Hall,  who  was  a  soldier  with  General  Lafayette.  Ezekiel  Lewis  d. 
May -Jit.  1885. 

Lloyd  Timothy  Lloyd  was  grand  juror  1720.  In  Middletown,  17»,1. 
Thomas  Lloyd  was  a  taxpayer.  In  177'.i  ThomasLloyd  bought  confiscated 
lands  of  John  Pintard,  a  Loyalist  Richard  Lloyd  was  a  major  by  brevet 
in  Revolution.  William  Lloyd  was  a  sergeant  David,  John.  James  and  Tho- 
mas Lloyd  were  privat  s.  William  Lloyd,  a  patriot  of  the  Revolution,  was 
Sheriff  1793;  James  Lloyd  was  Sheriff  1796-9  and  1805;  Caleb  Lloyd  was 
Surrogate  179*i  1804,  County  Clerk  1812  and  again  Surrogate  1717.  Corlies 
Lloyd  was  Prosecutor  of  the  Pleas  1828  and  William  Lloyd  was  a  Judge  of 
the  Court. 

Light — Letters  of  administration  on  estate  of  Mary  Light,  late  of  Mid- 
dletown, was  granted  iu  174o  to  Peter  LeConte. 

TiTMTWTNG,  Lemon— John  lamming  is  named  in  court  proceeding  1683 
and  subsequently.  Prudence  LimunuL;  isnarnedin  deedtoher  1<','.i7  by  Nich- 
olas Wainright  and  Alice,  his  wife.  In  Upper  Freehold.  1731.  William  and 
John  Limming  were  taxed.  The  name  was  sometimes  given  as  Lemon. 
Members  of  this  family  emigrated  to  Ohio  in  the  beginning  of  this 
century. 

Lincoln— Hannah  Lincon  is  named  in  the  will,  dated  Sept.  14th,  1714. 
of  Capt  John  Bowne,  "2nd.  Mordecai  Lincoln  is  named  in  a  letter,  dated 
April  25th,  1716,  from  John  Saltar  to  Obadiah  Bowne:  he  speaks  of  "my 
brother  Lincon "  and  "my  brothers  Thomas  and  Mordecay."  This  letter 
is  preserved  by  James  C.  Crawford,  living  near  Freehold.  Abraham 
Lincon,  blacksmith,  of  Monmouth,  conveyed  to  Thomas  Williams,  17:!7. 
240  acres  of  land  situated  near  Crosswick  county  aforesaid.  The  consider- 
ation money  for  both  tracts,  containing  440  acres  was  "  £590,  and  further- 
more, every  year  thereafter,  forever,  upon  the  feast  of  St.  Michael  the 
Archangel,  the  sum  of  one  penny,  good  and  lawful  money."  The  sale  of 
this  land  was  preparatory  to  his  removal  to  Pennsylvania.  The  will  of 
Abraham  Lincoln  was  dated  at  Springfield,  Chester  county,  Pa,  April  15th, 
17-45.  Mordecai  Lincoln  m.  Hannah,  dan.  of  Richard  and  Sarah  Bowne 
Salter  previous  to  1714.  as  in  that  year  Hannah  Lincoln  is  mentioned  in  a 
will  of  Capt  John  Bowne.  2nd.  The  settlement  of  tLi-  estate  involved  a 
tedious  lawsuit  which  i>  noted  in  Book  No.  1.  Minutes  of  Court.  Freehold. 
Mordecai  Lincoln"s  will  was  admitted  to  probate  at  Philadelphia.  June  7th. 
1736.  The  plantation  of  Mordecai  Lincoln  contained  1,000  acres  situated 
in  Exeter,  now  in  Berks  county.  Pa.  Georgi  lioone.  named  as  a  trustee 
in  the  will,  was  grandfather  of  the  celebrated  Daniel  Boone.  Abraham 
Lincoln,  the  posthumous  son.  m.  Ann  Boone,  cousin  of  Daniel  Boone,  the 
celebrated  Kentucky  pioneer.  About  17*2.  Abraham  Lincoln  and  his 
brother  Thomas  removed  with  their  families  to  Beargrass  Fort.  Kentucky, 
near  where  Louisville  now  stands  and  Abraham's  daus.  Mary  and  Nancy 
were  born  in  the  fort.  In  the  spring  of  17s4.  Abraham  was  planting 
near  the  fort  when  an  Indian  stole  up  and  shot  him  dead.  Thomas.  Presi- 
dent Lincoln's  father,  then  a  buy  of  six  years  old.  was  with  his  father  in 
the  field  and  on  hearing  the  report  of  the  gun  started  for  the  fort.  The  In- 
dian pursued  and  captured  him  and  started  to  run  with  him  in  his  arms, 
when  Mordecai.  his  older  brother.  Bhot  the  Indian  from  the  fort  and  killed 
him.  The  Indian  fell  face  foremost  upon  the  boy  who  >-truu'L;led  from  un- 
der the  savage  and  ran  back  to  the  fort.  Thomas  Lincoln,  who  was  the 
President's  father  m.  Nancy  Hanks  at  or  near  Springfield.  Washington 
county.  Ky.,  Sept.  23,  1806.  The  ancestor  of  Mordecai  and  Abraham  Lin- 
coln  of  Monmouth    was  Samuel   Lincoln,  a   native  of   Hingham,  Norfolk 


'.I  NEALOGICAL    RECORD.  wxix 

county,  England,  wj ame  to  this  country  in  L637,  and  Bettled  al  Bing- 
ham, .Mass. 

Liim'km  on      Richard   Lippencotl    was  among  the  original  purchasers 

of  lands  oi  the  Indians,  dm 1  in  the  settlemenl  L666  7.     Be  is  earned  as 

a  deputy  and  overseer  al  a  courl  held  .'it  Portland  Point,  Dec.  28,  1669. 
Under  Grants  and  Concessions  he  claimed  in  L676  for  himself,  wife,  two 
suns  and  two  servants,  600  acres;  John  Lippencott  and  w,  claimed  240 
acres;  and  the  following  year,  ir.77.  Restore Lippencotl  and  w.  claimed  120 
acres  and  Remembrance  Lippencotl  and  w.,  240  acres.  Other  warrants 
were  subsequently  issued  to  them,  among  them  to  Restore,  Remembrance 
and  John,  in  1681.  The  will  of  Richard  Lippencott,  founder  of  this 
family,  is  filed  in  Secretary  of  state's  office,  Trenton.  It  was  dated  Sept. 
23,  1683,  andproved  Jan.  '_'.  L684.  Among  taxpayers  in  Shrewsbury  1764 
were  David,  Hannah,  -lames,  sun  of  John;  John  (Smith),  James,  Samuel, 
Robert,  Thomas,  I  riah,  Lydia,  Thomas,  of  Squankum,  and  John  Lippen- 
cott. The  Refugee  Captain  Richard  Lippencott,  was  b.  in  Shrewsbury 
township  in  1745,  and  d.  at  Toronto,  Canada,  in  1826;  his  only  child, 
Esther  Borden,  m.  George  Taylor  Dennison,  a  member  of  the  Canadian 
Parliament.  Phil.  White,  a  Refugeee,  who  was  killed  near  Colt's  Neck  in 
March,  L782,  was  a  half  brother  to  Lippencott's  w.  The  notice  of  the 
Lippencott  family,  published  by  Judge  Clements  in  Annals  of  Newtons, 
prepared  by  James  C.  Lippencott.  of  Haddonfield,  says  that  Richard  Lip- 
pencotl and  w.  Abigail,  came  from  Dorchester,  England,  about  1640-1,  to 
Boston,  Mass.  After  a  brief  sojourn,  not  liking  Puritan  persecutions,  he 
returned  to  England  with  his  family  and  settled  first  at  Plymouth,  and 
then  near  Plymouth.  This  was  about  1652.  He  returned,  made  his  per- 
manent settlement  at  Shrewsbury  and  d.  in  KISS.  In  the  Revolution  one 
William  Lippencott  bought  the  confiscated  lands  of  a  Loyalist  named 
John  Wardell.  The  motto  of  the  ancient  Lippencott  family  was:  "  Secandua 
dubusqut  rectus." 

Lippit — Henry  Lippitt  was  among  original  purchasers  in  1667.  Na- 
thaniel Lippitt  is  named  in  a  suit.  1676.  In  1692,  Moses  Lippett  was  a 
juror,  and  iu  1696  he  bought  land  of  Francis  Bsselton.  Moses  Lippitt  was 
'born  Feb.  17th,  1668,  and  m.  Sarah  Throckmorton  Dec.  8th,  1697.  In 
1714,  Moses  Lippit  and  wife  Sarah,  John  and  Rebecca  Stilwell,  Thomas 
Stilwell  and  wife  Uice  and  Hugh  Coward  and  wife  Patience  deeded  land  to 
Job  Throckmorton,  lands  surveyed  for  John  Throckmorton,  son  and  heir 
of  Job.  Moses  Lippit' s  name  frequently  occurs  in  records  at  Freehold  in 
land   sales. 

Little— "Wee,  Joseph  Little,  eldest  son  of  Mr.  George  Little,  late  of 
Newbury,  deceased,  and  John  Little,  eldest  son  of  Moses  Little,  decease. 1, 
the  other  son  of  said  George  Little  of  Newbury,  Massachusetts,"  are  named 
17i>2.  in  a  deed  for  Woodbridge  lands.  John  Little  of  Monmouth  had 
license  to  marry  Elizabeth  Wales  of  same  county,  Dec.  2yd,  17o2.  John 
Little  of  Monmouth  had  license  to  marry  Mary  Leeds  of  Gloucester,  April 
16th,  1768.  John  Little  of  Cape  May  had  license  to  marry  Esther  Barret, 
May  29,  1769.  The  name  "John"  seems  to  have  been  a  family  name 
handed  down  in  every  generation  in  the  Little  family. 

Longstreet — Stoffel  Longstreet  bought  land,  1698,  of  Thomas  Huet, 
in  the  deed  for  which  his  name  was  given  as  Long  Strett;  Theophilus 
Longstreet  bought  land  of  James  Lawrence,  1710;  of  James  Hubhard  in 
1714;  Stoffel  Longstreet  bought  land  of  Gavin  Drummond  of  Lochaber, 
1714.  Stoffel,  Stophilus  and  Theophilus  were  names  applied  to  the  same 
person.  In  record  of  wills  at  Trenton  is  one  of  Aaron  Longstreet  of  Five 
hold,  dated  March  3d,  1727,  proved  May  10th,  1728.  In  1750,  a  Stoffel 
Longstreet  bought  the  Allen  mill  of  AUentown.  In  17-j*,  he  owned  two 
grist  mills  in  Upper  Freehold,  In  1764,  among  taxpayers  in  old  Shrews- 
bury township  were  Samuel,  Elie  and  Augustus  Longstreet.  In  Freehold. 
1776,  John  Longstreet,  Esq..  and  John  Longstreet,  Jr..  were  extensive 
property  owners.  In  the  Revolution,  Elias,  Aaron  and  Gilberi  Longstreet 
were  captains,  and  other  members  of  the  family  were  in  the.  army  in 
various  positions.     Captain  Elias  was  a  member    of   the  Society  of  Gin 


\l  HISTORY    OF    MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

cinnati.  Derrick  Longstreet  who  had  been  married  twenty-four  years,  had 
sixteen  children,  of  whom  there  was  one  pair  of  twins  and  all  sound  and 
well. 

Lucas,  Luker,  Lookkb  Mark  Lucar  was  among  original  purchasers 
of  Monmouth  1667.  He  was  of  Newport,  R.  I  .  and  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Baptist  church  there,  L664.  In  what  isnow  Ocean  county  Jacob  Luker 
in.   Mary  Soper,  Dee.  4,  1800. 

Lyell — The  will  of  David  Lye]]  of  Freehold,  was  dated  January  23, 
1 7 2 ~> .  and  mentioned  wife  and  seven  children.  He  resided  in  Monmouth 
county  at  the  time  of  Lis  death  in  1726.  Borne  of  his  children  settled  in 
Perth  Amboyaad  are  noticed  in  Whitehead's  History  of  that  place.  Through 
their  mother  thej  descended  from  the  noted  Fenwick  family  of  England 
in  which  they  took  great  pride.  They  had  in  their  possession,  kept  with 
great  veneration,  a  small  embroidered  handkerchief  that  had  come  into 
their  possession  through  the  Fen  wick  family,  which  they  stated  had  belonged 
to  and  been  spotted  with  the  blood  of  Charles  the  First,  who  d.  on  the 
scaffold.  Major  John  Fenwick  was  ordered  to  superintend  the  execution. 
Members  of  the  Lyell  family  were  buried  in  the  old  Leppett  or  Taylor 
burying  ground,  Middletown.  The  Lyells  are  frequently  named  in  surveys 
in  what  is  now  Ocean  county. 

Maddocks     William  Madock  is  called  son-in-law  in  a  d< 1  1714,  by 

Samuel  Porman,  and  named  as  grand  juror.  1720.  Maddox  is  an  early 
South  Jersey  name.  Mr.  Shourds  in  his  notices  of  Salem  settlers  says 
that  John  .Maddox  was  a  son  of  Ralph  Maddox  of  London  and  came  to 
America  in  the  ship  Surrey,  1678,  and  resided  for  a  time  in  Salem.  The 
names  Maddox,  Maddocks  and  Mattox  may  he  of  the  same  origin. 

Malcolm— Hugh  Malcolm,  who  lived  the  latter  part  of  his  life  in  old 
Dover  township  was  married  twice.  A  son  George  W.  by  his  second  wife, 
m.  Rachel  M.Salter  and  settled  at  Forked  River.  In  Upper  Freehold 
1758,  among  taxpayers  was  Hugh  McColm,  which  may  have  been  meant 
for  Malcolm.  If  so,  he  was  a  generation  earlier  than  the  Hugh  who  settled 
in  old  Dover. 

Macks  This  is  an  ancient  Long  Island  family  and  the  first  member 
of  it  was  settled  at  Souihold  many  years  before  the  settlement  of  Mon- 
mouth. Thomas  Mapes.  the  first  member  of  the  family,  is  mentioned  at 
least  as  early  as  1659.  He  married  a  daughter  of  William  Furrier  of  Buck- 
inghamshire, England.  Thomas  Mapes  made  his  will  in  1686.  Of  the 
neighbors  of  the  Mapes,  William  Cranmer  went  to  Elizabethtown,  N.  J. , 
and  his  descendants  are  the  Cranmers  of  Ocean  ami  Burlington  counties. 
Bweazeys  went  to  Morris,  and  the  late  Hon.  William  II.  Seward  was  a  de 
scendant.  In  the  Revolution,  members  of  this  family  are  named  in 
militia  regiments  of  New  Jersey. 

Majbsh  Henrj  Marsh  wasajuror,  1678;  had  a  patent  for  land.  1681, 
from  the  proprietors;  in  Hiss,  bought  land  of  Richard  Hartshorne  and 
John  Vaughan;  was  grand  juror,  1694,  etc.     In  court  records  his  name  was 

sometimes  spelled  Mash.       His  will  was  dated  May  16,    1716,  at   Middletown 

and  named  w.  Margaret,  son  and  daughter,  in  Woodbridge,  Middlesex 
county.  Hugh  Marsh  had  a  grant  of  320  acres. 

Mattox— Lewis  Mattox  bought  of  Samuel  Borden  of  Portsmouth,  R. 
I  ,  his  share  of  land  Feb.  20,  1672.  His  will  is  filed  hut  not  recorded  at 
Trenton.  It  was  dated  Oct  is,  1694  It  mikes  no  mention  of  w.  or  chil- 
dren He  bequeathed  bis  estate  to  his  friend  Mary  Chambers,  Sr,  whom 
he  appointed  his  executrix. 

McKay  Daniel  McKay  of  Freehold,  had  w.  Mary,  son  James  and 
daughters  Jean  and  Catherine.  His  will  was  dated  Jan.  6,  17:52,  ami 
proved  March  17,   1732. 

McKnighx  Rev.  Charles  McKnight,  of  the  Presbyterian  society, 
preached  along  shore  about  the  middle  of  the  last  century.  He  was 
previously  stationed  a  I  Cranburj  1711  to  1756,  and  in  17".s  he  was  taxed  in 
Upper  Freehold,  and  about  1771  installed  at  Allentown.  He  died  177s. 
Richard  McKnight  was  a  captain  in  the  Monmouth  militia  in  177s  and 
Joseph  was  a  private.     A  member  of  this  family  about  1790  1  establisheda 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD,  xli 

hotel  at  Long  Branch  for  Bummer  visitors  and  was  about  the  tirst  to 
bring  the  place  into  notice.  His  first  guests  were  chiefly  from  Phila- 
delphia. 

M  i  i  \  in  James  Melven  is  named  as  a  grand  juror  1700.  His  will  was 
dated  Freehold,  Nov.,  17ns.  and  names  w.  Alice  and  son  James,  and  daus. 
Mary  and  Margaret  In  court  proceedings  it  is  Baid  that  a  servant  of 
James  Merling  murdered  May  Wrighl  1691.  Probably  Merling  should  be 
Melven. 

Merbilx  The  cattle  mark  of  William  Merrill  was  recorded  in  Middle- 
town  Town  Book  May  15,  1689.  He  wasajuror  1699.  William  Merrill 
came  from  Staten  Island  and  bought  land  in  1687  of  Richard  Stout,  Jr., 
and  w.  Franc*  s. 

Mbstatbb  Elias  Mestayer  of  Shrewsbury,  in  will  dated  March  28, 
1731,  mentions  executors  John  Amboyman,  <>l'  New  York,  merchant,  and 
Peter  LeConte,  physician,  now  Resident  of  Shrewsbury.  Made  no  mention 
of  w.  or  children. 

Middleton     Abel  Middleton,    of   Upper  Freehold,  is  named  in   sur- 

toj  b  in  < an  county  during  the  latter  part  of  last  century  and  beginning 

of  the  present  In  1799  he  bought  Dillon's  Island,  in  Toms  River,  of 
Abraham  and  George  Parker.  The  name  of  Middleton  is  an  ancient  one  in 
Burlington  county. 

Mii.T.AOK..  Mtlledge  Thomas  Millage  had  a  mill  1714.  His  will  was 
dated  Dec.  7.  1714.  and  names  w.  Sarah  and  children.  Previous  to  the 
Revolution  a  Thomas  Millidge,  said  to  be  a  surveyor-general  in  New  Jersey, 
joined  the  Loyalists  and  was  a  major  in  New  Jersey  Royal  Volunteers.  He 
settled  in  Nova  Scotia  and  d.  1816  a.  81. 

Milnek  Nathaniel  Milner.  of  New  York,  bought  lands  in  Monmouth 
in  1707.  His  will  is  dated  April  18,  1710,  and  proved  May  19,  1713;  it 
named  cousin  John  Kent  of  City  of  London,  merchant,  and  Anna,  his  wife, 
and  other  relatives. 

Mills  In  the  old  Middle  town  Town  Book  is  recorded  an  agreement 
dated  1670,  between  James  Mills,  living  on  James  River,  Virginia,  and 
William  Lawrence  about  a  house  and  lot  owned  by  Lawrence  at  Middle- 
burgh,  Lone-  Island,  was  accidentally  burned  and  the  sale  was  declared 
void.  This  James  Mills  probably  did  not  come  to  Monmouth.  A  James 
Mills  came  to  Burlington  county  when  14  years  old  and  settled  at  Forked 
River,  and  was  of  age  about  the  time  of  the  Revolution.  In  17'.t'.the  bought 
land  near  ForkedRiver  about  where  the  present  Lafayette  hotel  is  situated, 
and  it  is  said  for  a  time  kept  au  inn  there.  He  also  at  one  time  lived  on 
<  (yster  ('reek. 

Melon,  Mollon  William  Mollon  or  Melon  of  Shrewsburv.  m  will 
dated  March  23,  1723,  haves  his  property  to  Manuel  (Emanuel?)  Woolley. 
(Trenton  Wills.  Lib.  A.,  p.  241., 

Moore,  Mooe  Thomas  Moor  and  Richard  Moor  are  named  among 
original  purchasers  of  the  land  of  the  Indians  1667  7".  Thomas  Moore 
was  a  prominent  citizen  of  Long  Island,  for  a  long  time  resident  of  Southold, 
where  he  was  a  shipwright.  Job  Moore  and  wife  of  Stafford  township, 
deeded  land  to  Shinn  Oliphant  and  William  Oliphant  1813. 

Moefoed  -Thomas  Morfoot's  lands  are  referred  to  about  1670,  in  a 
deed  from  proprietors  to  Thomas  Herbert.  In  1672  the  cattle  mark  of 
Thomas  Maurfoot  was  recorded  in  Middletown  Town  Book;  in  1676  the 
cattle  mark  of  John  Morford  was  recorded;  in  1077  Thomas  Morford  had 
warrant  for  113  acres  from  proprietors  and  John  Morford  for  139  acres. 
In  Ri7^  in  a  deed  to  Thomas  Herbert.  Morford's  lands  are  referred  to  and 
the  name  spelled  both  Morfoot  and  Morford. 

Mobbis— Colonel  Lewis  Moms,  ofBarbadoes,  had  granted  to  him  Oct. 
25,  1676,  a  tract  of  3,540  acres,  from  the  proprietors  of  East  Jersey  as  re- 
corded in  Lib.  I.  p.  155,  of  records  of  Perth  Ami  oy.  It  was  granted  to 
him  for  the  purpose  of  establishing  iron  works,  and  full  lib<  rty  was  criven 
to  him  and  his  associates  to  "dig,  delve  and  carry  away  all  such  mines  for 
iron  as  they  shall  find  or  see  fit  to  dig  and  carry  away  to  the  iron  works, 
or  shall  be  found  in  that  tract  of  land  that  lies  enclosed  between  the  south- 


xlii  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

east  branch  of  the  Raritan  river  ami  the  whale  pond  on  the  sea  side."  ( !oL 
Munis  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  a  member  of  the  Council  in  which 
body  he  took  his  seat.  Col.  Morris  was  originauy  from  Monmouthshire, 
Wales.  In  the  civil  war  in  England,  he  raised  a  troop  of  horse  for  Parlia- 
ment, for  which  Charles  the  First  confiscated  his  .-state.  In  return  for  his 
Losses  Cromwell  subsequently  indemnified  him.  While  living  in  Mon- 
mouth, Col.  Morris  was  active  in  public  affairs:  he  was  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace  for  many  years  anil  a  member  of  the  Council  until  Aug.  16,  1683. 
He  d.  May  16,1691,  at  his  plantation  in  what  is  since  known  as  Mor- 
risania.  In  the  Revolution  John  Morris  was  an  ensign  and  Robert  Morris 
a  private  in  Monmouth  militia.  Among  those  who  joined  the  Loyalists 
was  another  John  Morris  and  also  Hubert  Morris. 

Mott  — Gerahom  Mott  is  named  1684  in  an  agreement  of  heirs  of  Capt. 
John  Bowne.  His  cattle  mark  was  recorded  Feb  16.  1687,  and  subse- 
quently transferred  to  his  son  James.  He  was  High  Sheriff  of  the  county 
of  Monmouth,  1697-8,  and  member  of  the  Provincial  Assembly  1708  9  10. 
In  1697  land  was  deeded  to  him  by  Obadiah  Bowne  and  in  1710  by  John 
Bowne  second.  It  is  supposed  that  he  was  a  son  of  Adam  Mott,  of  New 
York,  and  that  he  m  Dorothy  (Deborah?),  dan.  of  Capt.  John  Bowne. 
There  was  a  John  Mott  of  Hanover,  in  Hunterdon  county,  who  made  will 
dated  I'M.  James  Mott  was  among  taxpayers.  1761,  in  Middletown  town- 
ship, and  a  member  of  Assembly  1777-9.  During  the  Revolution,  James 
Mott,  Jr.,  owned  land  near  Toms  River,  and  lived  by  the  bayside  a  short 
distance  above  Island  Heights.  During  the  Revolution  some  of  the 
Mott  family  in  Monmouth  were  Quakers.  A  prominent  member  of  that 
sect  was  Ebenezer  Mott  who  settled  at  Barnegat  about  1745.  Major-Gen. 
Gershom  Mott  was  b.  in  Trenton,  Aug.  7,  1822.  and  d.  Nov.,  1885.  His 
grandfather  was  Capt.  John  Mott  who  served  in  the  Continental  army  and 
at  the  time  of  the  Battle  of  Trenton,  was  a  guide  to  Gen.  Washington. 
Gen.  Gershom  Mott's  first  military  service  was  in  the  Mexican  war.  At 
the  breaking  out  of  the  late  Rebellion  he  commanded  the  Fifth  New  Jer- 
sey, which  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  For  gallantry  on  the  held 
he  was  promoted  to  be  a  brigadier  and  subsequently  a  major-general.  At 
the  Battle  of  the  Wilderness  he  commanded  the  -Iron  Brigade "' and  in 
leading  a  charge  he  was  severely  wounded  and  had  to  retire  from  the  field. 
After  the  war  he  was  State  Treasurer.  State  Prison-keeper  and  filled  other 
honorable  positions.  There  are  two  distinct  Mott  families  in  this  country 
ami  as  the  founders  of  both  lines  were  named  Adam  and  both  had  sons 
Adam  -one  having  two  sons  of  that  name  by  different  wives — considerable 
confusion  is  found  in  some  attempts  to  trace  their  respective  descendants. 

Mount — George  Mount  was  among  the  original  purchasers  1667-70. 
He  was  awarded  home  lot  number  10  in  the  assignment  at  Middletown 
recorded  Dec,  1667,  and  also  an  outlot  number  18.  He  was  deputy 
to  the  first  General  Assembly,  held  at  Portland  Point  1668.  Richard 
Mount  was  a  taxpayer  in  Upper  Freehold.  1731,  and  in  same  township, 
1758,  were  Michael.  Thomas,  and  Ezekiel  Mount.  In  Middletown.  1 7»'.  1 . 
John  Mount  and  son,  Joseph  Mount.  Samuel  Mount  and  Thomas  Mount 
were  assessed.  In  177»>  Moses  Mount  was  assessed  in  Freehold.  The 
founder  of  this  family,  George  Mount,  probably  came  from  Rhode  Island 
as  when  he  was  a  purchaser,  in  1665,  of  the  Indians,  he  bought  jointly 
with  Benjamin  Borden  who  was  a  Rhode  Islander. 

Neper.  Napier  —Alexander  Neper  of  Monmouth,  in  1689,  sold  thirty 
acres  of  land.  The  will  of  Alexander  Napier  of  Freehold,  1744,  named 
dan.  Elizabeth  English,  and  grandchildren.  In  1776  Thomas  Neeper  was 
taxed  in  Freehold.  In  1727  Alexander  Napier  was  one  of  the  first  trustei  a 
of  the  Presbyterian  Church  at  Shrewsbury. 

Newberry  This  is  an  old  Rhode  Island  name  Walter  Newberry 
was  a  Quaker  at  Newport  and  in  1  t>7t>  the  noted  Quaker  preacher  William 
Edmundson  was  at  his  house  sick.  In  ( >ld  Shrewsbury,  1764,  Stephen  and 
William  Newbury  were  among  taxpayers.  The  late  Capt.  Taylor  Corliee 
Newberry,  of  Watertown,  was  a  son  of  David,  of  Squan,  formerly  in  Old 
Shrewsbury. 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD,  xliii 

Nkwmvn  William  Newman  took  oath  of  allegiance  In  Middletown 
1668.  Ee  was  appointed  captain  of  the  militia  by  tin-  Dutch  during  their 
brief  supremacy  I « > T : i .  William  Newman  had  land  deeded  to  him  1691. 
Walter  Newman  had  earmarks  of  cattle  recorded  1697.  In  old  Shrewsbury 
1764,  John,  Sr.,  John  of  Squancum,  Joseph  and  Samuel  Newman  were 
among  taxpayers. 

Ni:\\  i.i.i,  John  Newell,  of  Freehold,  in  will  dated  July  26,  1739, 
Darned  w.  .Martha  and  six  children.  In  Upper  Freehold,  L758,  Dr,  -las. 
Newell  was  taxed  for  a  "chair."  In  177<',  Hugh  Newell  was  a  taxpayer  in 
Freehold;  be  was  also  a  soldier  in  the  Monmouth  militia  during  the  Revo- 
lution, and  James  Newell,  a  sergeant.  Hugh  was  buried  in  the  Tennent 
Church  graveyard  Dr.  James  Newell  was  son  of  Robert  and  Ellen  New- 
ell,  and  was  1).  172").     He  received  his  medical  education  in  Edinburg, 

where  he  graduated.       He  joined  the  State  Medical  Society  in   1767  and    was 

its  president  1772.  During  the  Revolutionary  war  he  was  a  surgeon  in  the 
Second  Regiment  of  Monmouth  militia.  He  m.  Dec.  14.  1749,  Elizabeth, 
dan.  of  Elisha  Lawrence,  and  had  issue  fifteen  children,  of  whom  Mary 
m.  Dr.  Grandin,  Magaretm  David  Hay,  and  Elizabeth  m.  Robert  Mont- 
gomery. It  is  said  that  there  are  no  descendants  of  this  Newell  or  Law- 
rence line  now  living.  Dr.  Newell  d.  of  a  prevalent  malignant  fever  Feb. 
21,  1791,  a.  60  years.  His  w.,  a.  i'.( I,  d.  the  following  day.  They  were  both 
buried  in  one  grave.  The  will  of  "William  Newell,  of  Freehold,  dated 
1823,  proved  Nov.,  1823,  named  sons  William,  Hugh  and  James;  daus. 
I'h'  be,  Lydia,  Mary  Ann  and  Amanda,  mother  Elizabeth;  indentured  boyT 
Abel  Burnett  Anderson. 

Nicholls — William  Nicholls  was  High  Sheriff  of  Monmouth  county, 
May,  1722,  and  continued  to  hold  the  office  until  1727.  He  was  a  physi- 
cian. He  was  b.  in  the  City  of  Dublin  or  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland  Oct.  23d, 
1685,  and  d.  in  Freehold  April  9th,  1743,  in  the  58th  year  of  his  age.  His 
w.  Sarah  d.  April,  1755,  a.  over  70  years. 

Nismuth — In  1714  John  Baird,  of  Freehold,  executed  release  to  John 
Nismuth. 

Oaklet— Mary  Oakley  of  Monmouth,  in  will  dated  Jan.  1st,  1711, 
names  granddaughter  Hannah  Darling  and  sons  and  daughters. 

Ogboen — Samuel  Ogbom,  sometimes  spelled  Ogboume  of  Hopewell, 
Burlington  county,  bought  land  of  Hendrick  Gulick  and  Catherine  his  w. 
July  29th,  1712.  The  Ogborne  family  were  early  settlers  in  Burlington 
county.  In  1761,  Samuel  Ogborne  and  Mary  Ogborne  were  taxed  in  Mid- 
dletown. Samuel  was  one  of  the  members  of  the  Middletown  Baptist 
Church,  1793. 

Oliphant — John  Oliphant  with  others  had  laud  deeded  to  them  August 
19th,  1685,  by  John  Harcutt.  William  Olivant  or  Oliphant  bought  for  £32 
a  part  of  Robert  Turner's  share  of  land  as  Proprietors,  about  1690.  Among 
Scotch  emigrants,  named  in  Whitehead's  History  of  Perth  Amboy,  who 
came  over  about  1685,  was  a  William  Oliphant,  possibly  the  same  shortly 
after  named  in  Monmouth. 

<  )ng,  Oung — Isaac  Ong  bought  land  of  the  Indians  1674,  and  was  court 
crier  1683;  his  dau.  Mary  is  named  the  following  year.  In  1699,  Jacob  Ong 
and  another  person  were  authorized  by  the  Monmouth  court  to  take  a 
prisoner  to  Burlington.  Jacob  Ong  is  mentioned  in  Massachusetts  Co- 
lonial Records,  vol   5,  as  a  plaintiff  in  a  suit  in   1679. 

Okeson — In  1698,  John  Okeson  of  Hemstead,  L.  I.,  sold  land  in  Free- 
hold to  John  Robinson  of  Woodbridge.  He  bought  a  tract  of  land  in  1706 
in  Freehold,  of  Clement  Plumstead,  per  Richard  Salter,  his  attorney,  which 
tract  began  at  an  oak  marked  by  George  Keith.  Okeson  seems  to  be  a 
name  of  Sweedish  origin;  if  so,  the  Okesons  may  have  come  from  Sweedish 
settlements  on  or  near  the  Delaware.  Tradition  says  that  Captain  Tom  in- 
duced settlers  from  along  the  Delaware  to  take  lands  "on  quit  rents"  in 
old  Monmouth,  now  Monmouth  and  Ocean,  and  Okeson  may  have  been 
one  of  the  number. 

Osborne — Richard  Osborne  is  named  in  a  land  trial  1701.  Samuel 
sborue  was  a  taxpayer  in  Shrewsbury  1764.     In  the  Revolution  Abraham 


xliv         HISTORY   OP   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

( Isborne  was  a  lieutenant.  The  Osbornes  early  settled  in  Little  Egg  Har- 
bor. Richard  Osborne,  according  to  tradition,  came  from  Long  Island.  In 
]648  Thomas  and  John  Osborne  settled  at  East  Hampton,  L.  I. 

Page,  Paye  -  Anthony  Page  was  ^iven  lot  No.  12  at  Middletown  as  re- 
corded December,  1667.  In  March,  1671,  he  sold  his  lot  to  Thomas  Potter 
and  in  November  following,  Potter  sold  it  back  to  Page.  The  same  year, 
1(')77,  the  name  of  Anthony  Page  appears  among  West  Jersey  proprietors. 
(N.  J.  Archives,  vol.  1,  p.  269.)  Joseph  Page  was  a  taxpayer  in  Upper 
Freehold  in  1758.  In  1799  Jonathan  Page,  of  Upper  Freehold,  sold  land  to 
Rebecca  Budd. 

Pangburn — Stephen  Pangburn  was  a  land  and  mill  owner  in  old  Dover 
township  1750-60  and  thereabouts.  Rev.  John  Murray,  the  pioneer  of 
Universalism,  speaks  of  meeting  a  Justice  Pangburn  of  New  Jersey,  a  ven- 
erable gentleman,  who  became  one  of  his  converts.  Dming  the  Revolu- 
tion, Lines  Pangburn,  living  in  Stafford  township,  was  a  member  of  Captain 
Joseph  Randolph's  company  of  militia,  and  was  shot  dead  while  on  guard 
at  Manahawkin  on  Dec.  30,  1780. 

Parr— Thomas  Parr,  a  servitor  of  Gawen  Lawrie,  late  Governor,  sold 
thirty  acres  (headland)  to  Walter  Kerr  in  Kiss.  Tradition  says  a  person  of 
this  name  was  one  of  the  first  to  settle  at  Bamegat. 

Patterson— Edward  Patterson  was  among  original  purchasers  named 
in  the  settlement  1667.  He  had  w.  Faith  named  in  a  deed  October,  1672, 
and  he  d.  about  this  time,  as  his  widow  Faith  was  named  same  month.  At 
the  first  General  Assembly  which  was  held  Dec.  12,  1667,  he  was  a  deputy 
and  overseer  from  Shrewsbury.  In  1761  among  taxpayers  in  Middletown 
were  John,  Joseph,  James  and  Robert  Patterson.  In  Freehold  in  177(1 
Joseph  Patterson  was  a  taxpayer.  John  C.  Patterson,  b.  in  Monmouth 
July  12,  1790,  d.  Feb.  16,  1879,  held  various  public  positions  in  Howell 
township,  and  served  as  assessor  for  39  years.  He  was  the  father  of  thir- 
teen children,  among  them  Col.  Austin  H.,  Hon.  George  W.,  John  C,  cap- 
tain of  Life  Saving  Station:  four  of  his  sons  were  in  the  Union  army. 
During  the  Revolutionary  war,  in  the  Continental  army,  were  the  following 
members  of  this  family  from  New  Jersey:  Thomas  Patterson,  captain; 
Edward  Patterson,  lieutenant;  James  Patterson,  corporal;  Andrew  and 
John,  privates,  and  several  members  of  the  family  in  the  State  militia. 

Paul— James  Paul  and  w.  Isabel,  in  1688,  were  granted  headland  by 
proprietors  of  East  Jersey.  James  Paul  was  a  witness  to  will  of  John 
Liowne  1714.  The  will  of '  James  Paul  was  dated  at  Middletown,  Oct.  10, 
1730,  and  proved  March  16,  1732.  It  made  no  mention  of  w.  or  children, 
but  left  all  his  property  to  Obadiah  Bowne's  four  youngest  children,  in 
consideration  of  "manifold  favors  and  kindness  received  from  Obadiah 
Bowne  in  his  life  time,  as  my  diet  and  entertainment  Tor  several  years; 
with  other  provisions  for  me  made  by  him,  both  in  my  sickness  and 
health." 

Payne —John  Payne  had  warrant,  167S,  for  120  acres  of  land. 

Pearce,  Pierce— John  Pearce,  of  Middletown,  sold  land  to  Thomas 
Whitlock  Sept,  1693;  his  cattle  mark  was  recorded  1(597  and  his  name 
given  as  Perce  in  the  Middletown  Town  Book.  Among  taxpayers  in  Old 
Shrewsbury  township  in  1764  were  Jeremiah,  Joseph  and  Thomas  Pearce. 
The  Pearce  family  early  settled  at  Woodbridge,  N.  J.  Joshua  and  w., 
Dorothy,  were  m.  there  Jan.  14,  167(5;  John  was  a  noted  Quaker  of  that 
place  1687  and  thereabouts.  John  Pearce,  father  of  the  first  of  the  name 
in  Monmouth,  it  is  said,  was  from  Wales  and  a  Baptist;  he  was  persecuted 
on  account  of  his  faith  and  came  to  this  country. 

Percy— Henry  Percy  is  named  as  a  township  settler  1667.  He  settled 
at  Portland  Point  and  was  given  lot  number  5.  In  1658  Percy  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Rhode  Island  colonial  legislature  from  Warwick,  and  he  held 
several  offices  until  166(5.     He  was  appointed  overseer  here  in  1667. 

Perkins— William  Perkins  bought  land  on  Lochiel  Brook,  between 
Waretown  and  Barnegat,  in  1801,  of  Kenneth  Hankinson  and  Samuel  For- 
man.  The  late  Jeremiah  Spragg,  of  Barnegat,  who  was  b.  about  the  close 
of  the  Revolutionary  war,  said  his   grandfather   was   John  Perkins  who 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  xlv 

came  from  England  about  the  time  of  the  old  French  war  and  settled  at 
Sopers  f landing,  between  Waretown  and  Barnegat  Perkins  is  an  old 
Long  Island  name,  William  was  taxed  at  East  Hampton,  Long  bland, 
1683. 

Pkbbxne8  The  first  of  this  name  in  New  Jersey  was  Daniel  Perrine, 
one  of  the  eighteen  servants,  some  of  whom  were  Frenchmen,  probablj 
from  the  Isle  of  Jersey,  brought  over  in  the  ship  Philip  by  Gov.  Philip 
Carteret,  landing  in  New  York,  July  29th,  1665.  Among  the  marriage  li- 
censes issned  by  him  was  one  dated  Feb.  12th,  1665  6,  to  Daniel  Perrine  of 
Elizabethtown  ami  Maria  Thorel  of  same  place.  They  were  married  the 
18th  of  the  same  month  Nov.  1st.  1711,  Henry  Perrine  of  Staen  Islam! 
bought  land  on  Matchaponix  Neck,  formerly  in  Monmouth  county. but 
then  in  Middlesex.  Peter  Perrine  of  Staten  Island  bought  land  in  Middle- 
sex of  -him  Hampton  in  1713.  The  earliest  found  records  on  Staten 
Island  of  Perrines,  state  that  Daniel  Perrine,  yeoman,  had  land  there 
March  12th,  1687,  of  Paul  Richards.  The  location  is  given  as  at  Simoakin 
Point.  The  great  part. of  the  Perrine  family  of  New  Jersey,  it  is  said,  de- 
scended from  Pierre  Perrine  of  Lower  Charante,  France.  He  and  family 
tied  for  their  lives  from  the-  persecutions  that  followed  the  revocation  of 
the  Edict  of  Nantes,  1685,  by  Louis  14th.  They  carried  with  them  only 
what  wealth  they  could  conceal  about  their  persons  They  embarked  at 
He  in  Prance,  anil  by  way  of  the  Netherlands  came  to  this  country 
It  is  said  that  they  found  passage  on  the  ship  Caledonia  and  that  there 
were  seventy  refugees  "U  hoard.  They  were  wrecked  and  beached  on  the 
southeastern  shore  of  Staten  Island,  where  the  family  found  a  home.  The 
Perrine  family  in  the  southern  part  of  Ocean  county  are  supposed  to  de- 
scend from  Daniel  Perrine  who  "as  a  son  of  Henry  who  came  to  this 
country  from  France  with  his  father  Pierre  Perrine,  founder  of  the  family. 
The  will  of  this  Daniel  Perrine  was  proved  June  20th,  1777.  and  speaks  of 
him  as  ••yeoman,  of  Stafford  township  in  Monmouth  county."  It  named 
w.  Mary  ami  sons  James  and  Daniel.  The  will  of  Henry  D.  Perrine.  son 
of  Daniel  2nd,(?J  was  proved  March  16th,  1841.  Corlies Perrine,  probably  a 
brother  of  Henry  1)..  born  about  1815,  lived  near  Vanhiseville,  had  sons 
Peter,  William.  Daniel  and  Corlies.  Peter  H.  Perrine.  son  of  Henry  D.. 
hail  son  Brazilla  Perrine  who  was  a  juryman  in  Ocean  county.  1854.  He 
had  children,  Peter  H.  and  Ivins  who  lived  near  Vanhiseville  Clarkson 
Perrine.  resident  at  Barnegat— letters  of  administration  on  his  estate  was 
granted  in  1*4::!  His  father,  it  is  said,  hept  a  hotel  on  Broad  street,  New- 
ark. One  of  his  children,  Samuel  Perrine.  was  a  well  known,  highly  es- 
teemed citizen  of  Barnegat. 

Pew — John  Pew  lived  in  Middletown,  1722.  He  was  a  tax  payer.  1761, 
in  Middletown.  In  the  Revolution.  Joseph  Pew  was  a  soldier  in  the  Mon- 
ti militia  James  Pew  joined  the  Royalists  and  his  wife  Rho  la  was 
sent  to  Monmouth,  through  the  lines  to  join  her  husband  in  1778.  The 
next  year  Nov.  1'ith.  her  husband  was  captured  by  the  Americans  and  con- 
fined in  jail.  A  few  days  after,  he  attempted  to  escape,  and  a  sentry  named 
James  Tilley,  shot  him.  Tilley  was  tried  for  the  shooting  but  was  dis- 
charged. 

Pharo  —The  founder  of  this  family  was  James  Pharo,  who  came  to 
this  country  in  the  ship  '  -Shield"  in  lti7*.  James  Pharo  had  land  in  the 
north-eastern  part  of  Ocean  county,  as  in  1795-  6,  surveys  on  behalf  of  his 
heirs  were  made  near  Mosquito  Cove  and  one  from  them  to  James  Willets. 
A  branch  of  this  family  settled  at  Barnegat.  They  were  of  the  line  of 
Timothy  Pharo,  born  1742.  He  married  Hannah  fiidgway,  only  daughter 
of  Robert  Bidgway;  she  was  born  1752,  and  died  1801.  During  the  latter 
part  of  the  last  century,  Amos  Pharo  was  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  sur- 
veyor in  Stafford  township  and  quite  prominent  in  public  affairs.  At  Free- 
hold are  recorded  many  marriages  performed  by  him.  He  married  his  w. 
Elizabeth  in  Bahway. 

Phtllips — Ephraim  Phillips  was  deceased  in  1698.  In  the  assessment 
for  taxes  in  Shrewsbury  1764,  two  John  Phillips  are  named;  one  of  these 
was  subsequently  a  soldier  in  the  Revolution,  and  also  Joseph  Phillips.   In 


xlvi  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

surveys  in  Ocean  county  about  the  close  of  the  last  century,  and  begin- 
ning of  the  present,  Thomas,  Richard  Sr. ,  Richard  Jr.,  and  William  G. 
Phillips  took  up  land.  Richard  took  up  many  tracts.  In  1803,  July  17, 
Jacob  Phillips  was  m.  to  Rachel  Ferguson  by  Daniel  Stout  of  Goodluck. 

Pintabd  -  Anthony  Pintard  is  named  in  Court  proceedings  1691  as  a 
defendant;  in  1692  he  bought  land  of  Sarah  Reape  and  son  William  Reap.-. 
Jr.,  and  in  1695  of  Nicholas  Brown;  he  was  assessor  of  Shrewsbury  1698, 
justice,  1700-4.  He  was  a  Huguenot,  and  fled  from  persecution  from  La 
Rochelle  in  France,  and  found  a  resting  place  in  Shrewsbury.  The  will 
of  Anthony  Pintard,  was  dated  at  Shrewsbury  February  24,  1729  and 
proved  1732.  It  named  eight  children.  He  was  evidently  a  man 
of  means,  as  in  1701  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  Pro- 
vincial Council,  being  recommended  by  the  Board  of  Proprietors  as 
"one  of  the  persons  of  ye  best  estates  in  East  Jersie  "  The  first  museum 
in  New  York  was  by  one  John  Pintard,  who  was  b.  May  18,  1759,  proba- 
bly in  New  YTork,  and  d.  June  21,  1844.  In  1791  he  founded  the  once 
noted  American  Muneum  under  the  patronage  of  the  Tammany  Society. 
The  corporation  granted  him  for  a  time  the  use  of  a  room  in  the  old  City 
Hall  on  Wall  street.  Mr.  Pintard  then  lived  at  57  King  (now  Pine)  street. 
In  1794  his  collection  was  removed  to  the  corner  of  Broad  and  Pearl  streets. 
At  a  later  date  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Gardener  Baker. 

Platt— John  Piatt  and  Joseph  Piatt  were  taxed  in  Shrewsbury  1764. 
Abel  Platt  was  m.  to  Melah  Letts  March  20,  1796,  by  Abiel  Akins.  He 
lived  north  of  Cedar  Creek,  as  named  frequently  in  surveys.  The  Platt 
family  is  an  ancient  one  on  Long  Island;  branches  settled  in  north-eastern 
New  York,  for  whom  Plattsburg  was  named. 

Polhemus— Johannes  Polhemus  and  Annatie,  his  wife,  were  members 
of  Old  Brick  Church,  Marlborough,  1709,  and  elder  1719.  He  lived  in  Mid- 
dletown  and  in  1709  bought  land  in  Middletown.  Johannes  Polhemus, 
first  of  the  name  who  settled  in  Monmouth,  was  son  of  the  Daniel  of  Flat- 
bush  and  subsequently  of  New  York,  who  made  purchases  of  land  in  Mid- 
dletown 1709.  William  Polhemus  was  m.  to  Mary  Chadwick,  of  Dover 
township,  by  Rev.  Simeon  Pyle,  July  19,  1797. 

Potter— Thomas  Potter  was  among  original  purchasers  named  in  the 
settlement  1667.  Under  Proprietors'  Concessions,  240  acres  for  himself 
and  w.  were  confirmed  to  him  1676.  The  next  year  he  had  a  patent  re- 
newed to  him  for  four  or  five  hundred  acres  In  1679  a  warrant  was  issued 
to  Thomas  Potter,  w.,  son  and  dau.  for  500  acres  of  land  at  Deale.  The 
same  year  he  had  deed  from  the  Indians  for  land  at  Deale.  Ephraiin  Pot- 
ter is  "named  in  court  proceedings  1685.  He  was  m.  twice.  His  first  w. 
may  have  been  a  Wainright  as  he  named  a  son  Nicholas.  His  second  w. 
was  Mary  (Chambers)  widow  of  Nicholas  Brown.  They  were  m.  about  1716. 
In  1729  Nicholas  Potter  gave  quit  claim  "to  his  loving  brother-in-law, 
Hugh  Jackson  "  for  land  on  which  Jackson  then  lived.  In  1733  Ephraim 
Potter  (second?)  is  called  son-indaw  by  Thomas  Woodmansee  in  his 
will.  Thomas  Potter,  noted  in  the  history  of  the  Universalis!  Society,  it 
is  said,  m.  Mary  Hulett  and  his  brother  Isaac  Potter,  m.  her  sister  Eliza- 
beth Hulett;  they  were  daus.  of  Robert  Hulett,  Tradition  says  that  Isaac 
Potter's  w.  inherited  the  farm  subsequently  owned  by  their  son  Paul  and 
in  late  years  by  H.  E.  Lawrence.  Job  Potter,  a  relative  of  Thomas,  had 
son  Phinehus,  well  remembered  at  Bayville.  Paul  Potter  d.  Dec.  6,  1853, 
a.  89  years,  minus  one  day:  his  w.,  Penelope,  d.  Jan.  3,  1870,  a.  82  years 
and  8  months.  The  will  "of  Thomas  Potter,  of  Goodluck,  was  dated  May 
11,  1777,  and  recorded  at  Trenton.  It  gave  to  his  w.  Mary  his  homestead 
and  household  goods.  In  reference  to  the  church,  he  says,  as  is  elsewhere 
quoted: 

"The  house  T  built  for  those  that  God  shall  cause  to  meet  thereto 
serve  and  to  worship  him,  to  the  same  use;  and  I  will  that  my  dear  friend, 
John  Murray,  preacher  of  the  Gospel,  shall  have  the  sole  direction  and 
management  of  said  house  and  one  acre  of  land  where  the  house  now 
stands  for  the  use  above  mentioned. " 

In  1803,  Jan.  25,  Ephraim  Potter  was  m.  to  Hannah  Woodmansee  by 


MA  LOGICAL   RECORD.  xlvii 

Silas  (  rani  Thomas  Potter  mis  m.  to  Rebecca  Platl  Jan.  31,  1*LJ,  by 
Anthony  Ivins,  of  Toms  River.  The  nanus  Thomas  and  Ephraim  have 
handed  down  in  successive  generations  of  the  family.  The  founder 
of  the  family.  Thomas,  ram.-  from  Rhode  [aland. 

Powell  Thomas  Powell,  of  Wickatunk,  servant  of  William  Dockura, 
Bold  in  1689  to  John  Bowne,  30  acres,  probablj  headland  Job  Throck- 
morton's eldest  dan,  Sarah,  m.  John  Powell.  In  1709  John  Throckmor- 
ton, singleman,  Shrewsbury,  deeded  land  to  lii-  brother-in-law,  John 
Powell  In  a  deed  dated  Sept  22,  L720,  from  John  Powell  to  Richard 
Salter,  Powell  is  called  innkeeper  of  Freehold.  Elizabeth  Powell  m. 
Daniel  Tilton  at  Friends'  Meeting,  Shrewsbury,  1717. 

Pbbdmobe  Jeremiah  Predmore  of  Barnegat,  and  Benjamin  Predmore 
of  Waretown,  brothers,  well  remembered  citizens  of  Ocean  county,  de- 
scended from  Benjamin  Predmore  (or  Pregmore,  as  the  name  was  some- 
tim.-s  called)  who  in  May.  1 7T»<.  bought  of  Thomas  Foulkes,  son  of  Thomas, 
several  tracts  of  land  in  Burlington  county  not  far  from  the  Ocean  county 
line.  One  was  near  Cedar  Bridge,  one  on  east  branch  of  Wading  River,  and 
on  r<>ad  from  Little  Egg  Harbor  to  Mount  Misery.  The  name  seems  also  to 
have  been  given  asPridmore,  and  several  whose  name  was  thus  spelled  were 
in  the  patriot  army  in  the  Revolution.  In  Freehold  records  of  deeds. 
Ephraim  and  Jeremiah  Predmore  are  named  Nov.  2o.  1*26.  in  a  deed  to 
them.  In  1*12  Benjamin  Predmore  and  w.  Azuba,  sold  lands  to  Francis 
W Imansee  of  Forked  River.  Predmore  is  an  ancient  family  in  Dorset- 
shire, England,  the  arms  and  crest  of  which  is  given  in  English  heraldic 
works. 

Preston  —William  Preston  sold  land  to  Thomas  Parker  176U,  both  of 
Freehold.  June  19,  1803,  Samuel  Preston  was  m.  to  Anna  Clayton  by 
Daniel  Stout  of  Goodluck. 

Peice— Joseph  Price  was  one  of  the  first,  probably  the  first  of  this 
name,  in  old  Monmouth.  He  was  an  innh older  in  old  Shrewsbury  town- 
ship. In  1729  his  five  sons  sold  land  formerly  belonging  to  their  father  on 
Nevisink  river  to  Daniel  Allen  of  Great  Egg  Harbor,  and  lands  to  Joseph 
Hulet.  Michael  Price,  of  Shrewsbury,  sided  with  the  Loyalists  in  the  Rev- 
olution, and  his  property  was  confiscated  and  sold  in  1779,  and  bought  by 
Mary  Price,  widow  of  Joseph.  Major  John  Price  was  a  prominent  citizen 
of  oid  Dover  township.  He  resided  at  Goodluck,  and  was  given  the  title 
of  major  from  his  position  in  the  militia  after  the  Revolution,  though  he 
had  served  in  that  war.  Captain  William  Price,  a  brother  of  Major  John, 
of  Goodluck,  had  command  of  a  company  in  the  third  battalion.  Glouces- 
ter troops,  in  the  Revolution.  He  was  commissioned  Sept.  1*.  1777.  He 
d.  about  1*18.     He  had  three  sons. 

PuBDAnv,  Pardon — Thomas  Purdain's  ear  mark  for  cattle  is  given  in 
the  old  Middletown  Town  Book,  April  12,  16*-L  William  Purdaine  had 
land  deeded  to  him  1699  by  John  Stout,  of  Middletown.  In  1681  Francis 
Pardon  had  patent  for  land  from  proprietors. 

I'tf.dy — William  Purdywas  in  the  county  at  least  as  early  as  1698.  In 
1712  he  bought  land  of  William  Story  and  is  then  said  to  be  of  Burlington 
county.     William  Purdy's  cattle  mark  was  recorded  Oct  31,  1698. 

Race,  Rees— In  record  of  licenses  for  marriages  in  office  of  Secretary 
i  >f  State  at  Trenton  are  several  of  this  name.  Among  taxpayers  in  Middle- 
town  17»d  was  John  Race,  a  single  man.  Anthony  Race's  Run,  about  the 
south-western  part  of  Monmouth,  is  otten  named  in  old  surveys  about  the 
middle  of  the  last  century.  Members  of  the  family  early  settled  in  old 
Hunterdon  county.  N.  J.  Dr.  Henry  Race,  of  Pittstown,  in  that  county, 
says  that  his  grandfather  Race  was  b.  in  171  < '»  and  lived  in  Amwell  town- 
ship, near  Bingoes. 

Randolph,  Fttz  Randolph— Reuben  F.,  Benjamin  F.  and  Joseph  F. 
Randolph  owned  land  in  Stafford  township  at  least  as  early  as  1762. 
Reuben  F.  Randolph  was  captain  of  the  mihtia  in  Stafford  during  the 
Revolution.  James  F.  Randolph  was  a  prominent  business  man  at  Toms 
River  before  and  during  the  first  part  of  the  Revolution,  owning  sawmills, 
etc.     He  was  taxed  here  1764.     He  m.  Deliverance,  dau.  of  the  John  Cow- 


xlviii        HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

anl  who  d.  about  1760.  He  d.  about  the  winter  of  1781  2.  The  late  Judge 
Job  F.  Randolph,  of  Bamegat,  it  is  said,  was  son  of  Thomas  F.,  who  d. 
at  the  advanced  a.  of  98  years.  Judge  Randolph  m.  Margaret  Jeffrey, 
dan.  of  William  and  Margaret  (Child)  Jeffrey,  of  Berkley  township.  The 
ancient  name  of  this  family  was  Fit/.  Randolph,  for  which  reason  descend- 
ants retain  the  letter  "F,"  as  the  initial  letter  of  a  middle  name.  The  an- 
cestor of  the  family  was  Edward  Fit/.  Randolph,  who  came  from  England 
in  1630,  while  a  lad.  Warrants  were  issued  by  proprietors  fir  lands  in 
.Middlesex  at  or  mar  Piscataway  to  Elizabeth  1-'.  Randolph,  1676,  for  300 
acres  ami  meadows,  und  several  hundred  acres  to  othersof  the  name.  The 
noted  Randolph  family  of  Virginia  descended  from  William  Randolph, 
who  settled  on  the  James  River  at  a  place  called  Turkey  Island,  where  he 
purchased  a  large  estate  to  which,  says  Bishop  Meade,  he  added  numerous 
others.  He  ni.  Mary  Isham  and  had  seven  sons  and  two  daus.  Several 
of  his  sons  became  distinguished  in  the  history  of  the  State. 

Reape-  William  Reape  of  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  one  of  the  twelve 
patentees,  1665,  seems  to  have  been  among  the  foremost  in  founding  the 
settlement  of  Monmouth.  By  reference  to  the  rights  claimed  from  Pro- 
prietors for  land  by  Mrs.  Reape,  she  must  have  been  one  of  the  largest,  it 
not  the  largest  land  proprietor  in  the  county.  Besides  which,  she  owned 
property  in  Rhode  Island.  She  also  owned  proper.y  in  England.  Her 
property  seems  mainly  to  have  been  inherited  by  her  grandsons  William 
Marsh  and  William  Brindley. 

Recow,  Rackhow  Daniel  Recow  had  land  near  Waretown which  is  re- 
ferred to  in  a  survey  May  1st.  17o-r).  for  ■lames  Alexander  on  ( >yster  Creek. 
He  had  a  son  Peter  who  lived  near  Barnegat.  Peter  died  when  quite 
young.     Peter  had  a  brother  Daniel  who  joined  the  Refugees. 

Retd  — John  Reid,  the  noted  Surveyor.  James  Reid  and  his  sons  John 
and  Samuel  and  his  brother  Andrew  Reid  were  the  earliest  of  the  name 
mentioned  in  Freehold  records.  The  first  mentioned  had  been  a  book 
seller  in  Edinburgh.  His  father  and  grandfather  had  been  gardeners.  He 
was  horn  Feb.  13th,  1655.  In  1683,  he  was  selected  by  the  Proprietors  to 
take  charge  of  a  party  of  emigrants  sent  to  Fast  Jersey.  They  landed 
on  Staten  Island,  Dee.  19th,  went  to  Elizabethtown  the  23d  and  to  Wood- 
bridge  Jan.  loth,  lfWF  In  records  of  wills  at  Trenton  is  one  of  Samuel 
Reid  of  Freehold  (township),  dated  Feb  10th,  1710.  In  1717,  John  Pieid 
of  Freehold  is  called  an  innholder,  in  a  deed  from  him  to  John  Boude. 

Redfokd — In  the  old  Scotch  burying  ground  at  Topanemus  are  in- 
scriptdons  on  tombstones  to  William  Bedford,  who  came  from  North 
Britain  1682,  and  d.  March.  1725-  6,  aged  84  yrs.  William  Bedford's  will 
dated  Fel>..  1720,  at  Freehold,  names  wife  Margaret  and  children.  Samuel 
had  land  deeded  to  him  by  his  father  William,  in  Freehold,  1709.  Among 
taxpayers  in  Shrewsbury,  1764,  was  John  Bedford. 

Remington — Thomas  Remington,  it  is  said,  came  from  Haverstraw,  N. 
V.  to  Monmouth,  about  1750.  He  had  w.  Amy  and  a  dan.  Mary,  who  m. 
Jedediah  Woolley,  son  of  Daniel. 

Reynolds,  Banolds — The  will  of  William  Ranalds  of  Freehold  names 
wife  Hellen  and  children.  It  was  proven  170'.i.  John  Banolds  had  land 
deeded  to  him  by  Richard  Salter  1712,  south  side  of  Doctors  Creek.  James 
Bunnells  (Reynolds)  was  a  taxpayer  in  Shrewsbury  township  17H4.  Samuel 
Reynolds  took  up  several  tracts  of  land  near  Toms  River  1802  and  there- 
abouts. Samuel  Reynolds,  Jr.,  was  m.  to  Deborah  Jeffrey  Nov.  11.  L799, 
by  Benjamin  Lawrence. 

Renshaix — Thomas  Renshall  was  licensed  to  keep  an  ordinary  at 
Middletown  1684;  bond,  £20.  He  is  named  in  Court  proceedings  1691.  In 
1688  he  had  30  acres  of  land  from  proprietors. 

Rhea,  Rea  Robert  Ray  bought  headland  in  1688  of  John  Keighn.  In 
1691  he  had  land  from  proprietors.  May  26,  1791,  he  had  land  from  the 
noted  George  Keith,  who  then  lived  in  Philadelphia,  and  in  1693  the  pro- 
prietors confirmed  the  title.  He  is  subsequently  frequently  named  in 
ancient  records,  and  in  some  deeds  he  is  called  carpenter.  The  ancient 
Rhea  farm,  since  called  the  "Kerr  or  Carr  farm.''  and  owned  in   late  years 


GENEALOGICAL    KIK'oKL.  N  I  i  X 

by  l>.  Demarest  Denise,  is  situated  a  short  distance  Bouth-west  of  Freehold 
on  tlic  Heightstown  road.  On  this  farm  the  main  pari  of  the  battle  of 
Monmouth  tools  place,  and  here  the  old  family  burying  ground  lb  situated, 
Robert  Rhea,  farmer,  and  Mary,  his  wife,  in  1772  owned  Land,  the  title  of 
which  began  at  Tennent  parsonage.  In  1789  they  deeded  land  to  Jonathan 
Rhea,  Esq, 

Richabdson  Richard  Richardson  was  among  the  purchasers  from  the 
Indians,  1667.  He  settled  at  Portland  Point  and  was  given  Lot  number  3 
at  that  place.  It  is  probable  that  he  rami'  from  Rhode  bland  ami  may 
have  been  of  the  familj  <>f  William  Richardson  an  early  settler  of  that 
colony.     In  L676  he  had  L 50  acres  of  Land  from  Proprietors. 

Ridgwat  Timothy  Ridgway  was  probably  the  first  of  this  family  who 
settled  within  the  limits  of  the  present  county  of  Ocean.  In  1729  ho  m. 
Sarah,  ilau.  of  William  Cranmer.  This  William  Cranmer  was  also  an  early 
settler  of  Barnegat  and.  one  of  the  earliest  converts  to  Quakerism.  In  the 
upper  part  of  <  tcean  county,  on  branches  of  Tunis  River,  Solomon  and  Job 
Ridgway  hail  land,  1761-2  ami  at  other  times  and  hail  the  sawmill  pre- 
viously owned  by  James  Hepburn  and  Stephen  Pangburn.  The  founder 
of  the  Ridgway  family  was  Richard,  who  with  w.  Elizabeth  ami  infant  sou 
Thomas,  arrived  in  the  Delaware  from  London,  1079.  He  came  from  Wal- 
Lingford  in  Berks  county,  England.  Tradition  handed  down  among 
old  Quakers  at  Barnegat,  was  that  Richard  Ridgway  was  a  tailor.  The 
usual  way  of  stating  the  tradition  was,  that  "all  the  Bidgways  descended 
from  Richard,  and  he  a  tailor."  Richard  remained  in  Bucks  county,  I'a.,  till 
about  1690,  when  he  removed  to  West  Jersey  and  finally  settled  in  Spring- 
field in  Burlington  county  where  he  died  Sept.  '21st,  1722,  having  made 
hiswilljust  before  his  death.  Charles  a  grandson,  settled  in  Barnegat  where  he 
d.  July  14th,  1882,  aged  65  years.  Richard,  son  of  Richard,  and  grandson  of 
Timothy,  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  at  Barnegat .  Job  Ridgway,  son  of 
Timothy  married  in  1769,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Jeremiah  Methis,  and  had  two 
daus.  He  died  at  Barnegat,  July  24th,  ls:',2,  aged  «'.)  years.  Solomon 
Ridgway,  2nd,  and  w.  Amey  lived  in  what  was  once  a  part  of  Upper  Free- 
hold, but  which  since  was  included  in  Ocean  County. 

Bobbins — The  first  of  this  family  in  old  Monmouth  seem  to  have  come 
from  Woodbridge,  N.  J.,  where  Daniel  Robins  is  named  among  original 
settlers  about  lt>7(),  and  at  which  place  he  received  a  grant  of  173  acres  of 
land.  He  held  various  town  ofhees  such  as  collector  of  taxes,  constable, 
etc.  His  wife  was  named  Hope  and  they  had  nine  children. 
Among  persons  taxed  iD  Upper  Freehold  1731  were  Moses  Jr.,  Na- 
thaniel, Aaron,  Samuel,  Jonathan,  Jacob  and  Zachariah  Robins,  and  in 
17.")S  were  Moses,  Samuel,  Ephraim.  Elizabeth,  widow,  Daniel  A.,  Daniel, 
Joseph,  (who  owned  a  still)  John,  Thomas,  Moses,  Jr.,  Jacob  and  Joseph, 
Jr.  In  old  Shrewsbury  1764,  Aaron  Rollins  was  taxed.  In  the  Revolu- 
tionary war  Thomas  and  William  Bobbins  were  in  the  Continental  army 
and  Isaac,  Jesse,  John  and  Joseph  served  in  the  militia.  Moses  Bobbins 
lived  at  Toms  River  and  was  wounded  by  the  British  in  the  attack  on  the 
Block  House,  March  1782.  The  village  was  then  burned  by  the  enemy, 
and  among  the  houses  rebuilt  one  of  the  first  was  one  by  Moses  Bobbins. 

Elijah  Bobbins  was  the  first  postmaster  at  Toms  River  and  owned  the 
land  on  which  the  Block  House  had  been  situated.  Daniel  Robins,  either 
from  Old  England  or  New  England,  supposed  to  be  the  first  of  that  name, 
settled  in  the  Jerseys,  and  had  seven  sons  and  three  daughters. 

Bobinson — John  Robinson  was  defendant  in  a  suit  with  Thomas 
Leonard  1685.  James  Robinson's  cattle  mark  is  recorded  about  this  time 
and  he  was  deceased  1687.  Another  James  Bobinson  in  1732  was  executor 
of  will  of  Thomas  Adams  of  Freehold.  In  Middletown,  1761,  among  tax- 
payers wire  Duncan,  John  and  Patrick  Bobinson. 

Rockhead,  Rockhed — John  Rockhead,  proprietor,  of  New  York,  in 
1734,  sold  land  to  Peter  Knott,  of  Shark  River.  James  Rockhead,  of 
Monmouth,  sold  land  to  William  Watson  in  1737.  The  will  of  James 
Rockhead,  of  New  York,  merchant,  17:!'.),  directs  that  his  body  be  buried  by 
his  brother,  John  Rockhead  in  Monmouth.     In  Topanemus  graveyard  is  a 


I  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

tombstone  to  the  memorj  of  Mr.  John  Roekhed,  second  son  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Roekhed. 

ROGEBS  -William  Rogers  sold  half  a  share  of  land  at  Nevisinks  to 
William  Shaddock,  March  7,  1667.  In  1677  Benjamin  Rogers  and  w.  Lad 
120  acres  of  laud  from  proprietors;  in  1680  he  had  another  warrant.  The 
ancestor  of  the  Rogers  family  in  Berkeley  and  Lacey  township  was  John 
Rogers,  who  tradition  says,  came  from  West  Jersey  when  a  youth  to  what 
is  now  Ocean  county.  He  in.  first  Abl>\  or  Abigail  Woodmansee  and  had 
sons  Isaac,  Jesse,  John  and  David;  he  m.  second  w.  Elizabeth  Buck,  of 
Toms  Diver,  and  had  children  James  D.,  George  W.  and  Samuel  Rogers. 
The  second  w.,  Elizabeth  Buck,  was  dau.  of  Aaron  Buck,  of  Toms  River. 
Isaac  Rogers,  son  of  the  first  named  John,  had  w.  Sarah  and  sons  Cant. 
William,  ('apt,  Solomon  and  Judge  David  I.  C.  Rogers.  It  is  probable 
that  the  Ocean  county  Rogers  are  offshoots  of  this  family. 

Romkyn.  Romine—  Stoffel  Romiue  had  land  deeded  to  him  1709, 
by  Richard  Salter  and  Sarah,  his  w.  Jacobus  Romine  bought  land  of 
Jonathan  Porman  of  Freehold,  171ft.  Stoffel  must  have  d.  about  1709. 
Stoffel  Jansen  Romeyn  came  to  this  country  in  1653  and  in.  Gertie,  dau. 
of  Peter  Wyckoff,  March  17,  1678.  His  widow  was  a  member  of  the  Brick 
Church,  Marlborough  in  1711.  Thomas  Romine  and  Thomas  Romine,  Jr., 
and  Samuel  and  Layton  Romine  were  taxed  1764  in  Shrewsbury. 

Rose — This  is  an  ancient  family,  originally  settling  in  Burlington 
county,  members  of  which  branched  off  into  old  Stafford,  now  Ocean, 
county.  Peter  Rose  was  a  propertyholder  in  town  of  Burlington  1724,  and 
Joseph  Rose  owned  a  dwelling  in  same  town  1741.  Previous  to  the  settle- 
ment of  New  Jersey,  the  name  was  found  on  Long  Island.  Robert  Rose 
was  settled  at  East  Hamilton  in  Kits. 

Ruceman — John  Ruckman  is  named  among  those  who  paid  for  shares 
of  land  in  Monmouth  in  1667  and  the  same  year  he  was  awarded  town  lot 
number  one  in  Middletown.  The  name  John  Ruckman  first  appears  at 
Sandwich,  Mass.,  1644,  mentioned  with  Peter  Gauntt,  George  Allen,  Rich- 
ard Kirby  and  others  whose  descendants  subsequently  came  to  New  Jersey. 
He  was  probably  the  same  subsequently  named  at  (fravesend,  L.  I.,  where 
he  sold  a  share  of  land  to  Thomas  Applegate  Nov.,  1646.  His  will  was 
dated  March  13,  1650,  and  proved  May  2d,  of  the  same  year.  Samuel, 
Thomas  and  John  Ruckman,  named  in  the  early  years  of  the  Monmouth 
settlement,  1700-15  and  thereabouts,  were  probably  his  sons.  The  will  of 
Thomas  Ruckman,  of  Monmouth,  was  dated  May  20,  1714,  and  names  w. 
Rachel  and  seven  children. 

Rue — Matthew  Rew,  of  Staten  Island,  1726,  gave  power  of  attorney  to 
Capt.  Albert  Johnson  (of  Perth  Amboy?).  In  1737  Matthew  Rue,  of  Perth 
Amboy,  bought  land  of  Arthur  Brown,  of  Monmouth.  John  Rue,  of 
Cranbury,  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution,  had  son  Joseph  I.  Rue,  who  m. 
.Mary,  dau.  of  Abraham  Bergen,  of  Middlesex,  and  their  son  was  Jacob 
B.  Rue,  the  well  remembered  banker  of  Freehold,  who  d.  March  19,  1885. 
There  was  a  John  Rue  who  lived  at  or  near  Matcheponix  Neck,  formerly 
in  Monmouth,  now  in  Middlesex. 

RunoN  -This  family  is  of  Huguenot  origin.  Tradition  says  that 
some  time  between  1684  and  1704,  the  first  of  this  family  came  to  this 
country;  that  his  brothers  were  Cotholics  and  he  a  Protestant,  and  that  his 
brothers  took  the  following  means  to  assist  him  toescape  from  persecution. 
Hi'  was  secretly  headed  up  in  a  hogshead  and  taken  to  a  vessel  about  to  be 
sunt  to  the  United  States,  put  on  hoard  as  merchandise,  and,  after  getting 
to  sea  was  unheaded  and  reached  this  country,  but  at  what  port  is  not  cer- 
tainly known,  but  probably  New  York  David,  son  of  David,  m.  Esther 
C  unburn  and  had  live  children.  Jesse  Rulon,  son  of  David,  in.  Rachel 
Camburn,  sister  of  Esther.  Two  brothers  thus  married  sisters.  Jesse 
and  wife  Rachel  had  nine  children.  David  and  Jesse  had  cousins  Peter,  who 
lived  at  Waretown,  and  Israel,  who  settled  near  Tuckerton.  Peter  Rulon, 
al  Waretown,  had  children  Stephen,  Joseph,  Caleb  and  Peter.  At  Allen- 
town,  .Monmouth  county,  John  H.  Rulon  d.  Sept.  22,  1872,  aged  82  yrs, 

RrjSSELL     John  Russell  was  taxed  in  old   Shrewsbury  township,   L764, 


GENEALOGICAL  RECORD,  ll 

John  Russell,  son  of  John,  was  sergeant  in  Captain  John  Walton's  com- 
pany of  Leigh)  Dragoons  in  Monmouth  during  the  Revolution.  In  L780, 
be  was  .'it  borne  on  a  furlough  and  a  band  of  Refugees  attacked  the  bouse. 
The  Refugees  wen'  said  to  be  seven  in  number  among  w  bom  were  <  laptain 
Richard  Lippencott,  the  man  who  hanged  Captain  Joshua  Buddj  ;  Phil 
White  subsequent^  killed  by  a  party  of  Americans  of  whom  John  Russell, 
Jr., was  one,  John  Parnham  afterwards  banged  at  Freehold,  and  am  ith 
to  be  nanii'd  William  Gilian  who  was  killed  al  the  time.  The  attack-  took 
place  tli«'  last  of  April,  1780,  and  at  oighl  when  the  Refugees  brokfc  into  the 
bouse,  the  father,  who  was  over  60  years  old,  fired,  bul  missed  his  aim. 
Gilian  then  slmt  and  killed  him,  whereupon  young  Russell  then  tired  and 
killed  (iilian.  Iii  the  affray  young  Russell  was  severely  wounded  in  the 
side  and  fell  to  the  Hour,  pretending  to  be  dead.  A  little  grandchild  of  the 
senior  Russell  was  Lying  in  bed  and  was  hit  by  five  balls  but  it  evidently 
recovered.  Alter  the  Revolution  young  Russell  settled  near  Cedar  Creek  in 
Ocean  county  and  lived  to  quite  an  advanced  age.  He  had  son  Edward 
Russell  who  was  born  1785,  who  lias  descendants  now  living  at 
Barnegat. 

Ryall — Daniel  P>.  Ryall,  a  well  remembered  lawyer  of  Freehold  and 
member  of  Congress  1839-41,  was  son  of  Thomas  and  Rebecca  Ryall,  and 
horn  at  Trenton,  Jan  30th,  1798,  and  died  December  17th,  1864.  Hem. 
1822,  Rachel  Bray  Lloyd,  dan.  of  Caleb  and  Martha  A.  She  died  in  1825 
and  in  1828,  he  married  Juliet  Phillips  Scudder,  dan.  of  Joseph  and 
Maria  Scudder.  In  1812,  Jonathan  Rial  was  deceased  and  Elisha  Chad- 
wick  was  his  administrator. 

Sadler — Richard  Sadler  is  named  as  a  "  townshipper"  1667.  Under 
Proprietors'  Concessions,  as  an  original  settler,  he  had  240  acres  confirmed 
to  Mm  1676.  In  1670  he  was  complained  of  for  not  letting  his  son  (son- 
in-law  ?)  aid  the  constable.  In  1(57(5  he  was  appointed  court  crier  and  mar- 
shal of  the  court  at  Shrewsbury.  The  same  year  he  complained  of  Chris- 
topher Allmy  for  "contemptuous  demeanor"  towards  him  as  constable  or 
county  marshal.  Same  year  Henry  Leonard  sued  him  and  the  matter  in 
dispute  was  left  to  arbitrators.  In  KISS  he  sold  land  to  James  Grover. 
He  d.  shortly  after  this,  as  in  1691  Jane  Sadler,  his  widow,  as  administra- 
tor, sold  land  to  John  Jobs. 

Salem,  Salom— Marte  Salem,  of  Freehold,  had  land  deeded  to  him 
about  171C>  by  James  Borden.  In  1717  Marte  Salem  and  w.  Hester  deeded 
land  to  Thomas  Hankinson.  In  1735  an  agreement  was  recorded  between 
Cornelius  Salom  or  Sallom,  weaver,  with  Capt.  Peter  Wilson,  both  of 
Freehold. 

Schenck — Garret  Schenck  and  his  brother-in-laws,  Cornelius  Coven- 
hoven,  Peter  Wyckoff  and  Stephen  Court  Voorhuy  (Voorhees),  all  of  Flat- 
lands,  L.  I.,  purchased,  Oct.,  7,  1695,  of  John  Bowne,  500  acres  of  land 
in  Pleasant  Valley,  near  Holmdel,  Monmouth  county.  This  tract  adjoined 
lands  of  Dirick  Tunison,  Richard  Stout  and  Jonathan  Holmes  Rev.  Gar- 
rett C.  Schenck  says  this  500  acre  tract  was  divided  up  into  three  farms 
between  Garret  and  John  Schenck  and  Cornelius  Covenhoven,  Garret  ob- 
taining the  largest  share,  some  200  acres.  The  Genealogy  of  the  family  in 
Holland  was  compiled  by  Jonkheer  William  Frederic  George  Louis  von 
der  Dussen,  Knight  of  the  Order  of  the  Oak  Crown,  Lieut -Col.  and 
1  ommandant  of  the  Fortress  of  Nimequen,  in  the  Netherlands  (1873),  sec- 
retary of  one  of  the  archealogical  societies,  editor  of  the  genealogical  jour- 
nal at  Hugue,  and  one  of  the  greatest  genealogical  authorities  in  the  Neth- 
erlands. This  work  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev.  Garrett  C.  Schenck 
and  is  an  immense  folio  volume,  handsomely  bound  and  clasped. 

Scovel  Alexander  Scovel  bought  l.md  of  Gideon  Crawford.  Free- 
hold, 1711). 

Salmon  —This  family,  in  the  southern  part  of  Ocean  county,  probably 
descend  from  the  Long  island  Family  of  the  name.  In  England  the  Sal- 
mons were  an  ancient,  family,  noticed  in  Dngdale's  Antiquities  of  War- 
wickshire and  other  English  works.  In  America,  the  tirst  of  the  name 
was  Daniel  Salmon,  one  of  the   Pilgrim  Fathers  who  was  at  Lynn,  Mass., 


Hi  HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

1630;  he  was  b.  in  England  1610.     Salmons  or  Samons  m.  Mary  Goldsmith 
Aug.  30,  17'.i-~>.  in  Stafford  township. 

Scott  William  Scott  is  named  in  court  proceedings  1684;  the  same 
year  he  sold  four  acres  of  Meadow  to  Hannaniah  GiffordL  He  was  grand 
juror  1711.  Tin-  will  of  John  Scott,  planter  of  Shrewsbury,  was  dated 
Sept.  13,  1736,  proved  Nov.  17,  1736.  In  Old  Shrewsbury,  1764,  Samuel 
Scott  was  among  taxables. 

S£abbook  Daniel  Seabrookhad  land  deeded  to  him  1696  by  Thomas 
Whitlock,  who  calls  him  his  Bon-in-law,  1><  >tb  of  Middletown.  James  Sea- 
brook  in  1699  was  a  witness  against  a  negro  murderer.  James  ami  wife 
Hannah  are  named  in  Court  proceedings  1711.  In  1712  James  Seabrook, 
yeoman,  bought  haul  of  Thomas  Stillwell  of  Middletown.  Iu  1740  Daniel 
Seabrook  ami  w.  Mary,  who  was  sole  heir  of  Nicholas  Brown,  her  father,  of 
Shrewsbury,  deeded  land  to  John  ( 'hambers;  also  to  Catharine  Turner;  and 
in  other  deeds  they  are  mentioned. 

Testimony  of  John  Clarke,  of  West  Chester,  (concerning  Thomas  S 
brook)  aged  29  years  : 

This  deponent  saith  That  when  there  was  an  Alarm  of  Indyans  being 
at  Castle  HilL  Loaden  with  Ammunition  last  summer,  this  deponent  was 
then  a  sojourner  in  the  house  of  Thomas  Seabrooke,  was  commanded 
(among  other-,,  to  go  to  Captain  Osborne's  house.  And  at  his  going  away. 
he,  the  said  Thomas  Seabrook.  took  his  wife  (the  now  present  widow  Sea- 
brook)  by  the  hand  in  the  Door  as  he  was  going  out  and  said.  "  Wife,  I  am 
going  out,  I  know  not  but  I  may  he  knockt  on  the  head.  If  I  never  come 
1  give  all  that  I  have  to  thee"  (meaning  his  wife).  And  farther  said 
to  this  deponent.  ••Pray,  take  notice  what  I  say.'"  and  further  saith  not. 

May  1-7.  1676.     Sworn  before  me,  John  Pell. 

In  the  tax  list  of  Middletown,  1761,  Thomas  Seabrook  is  named;  James 
Seabrook  was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary  Army.  The  latter  part  of  last 
century  Thomas  Seabrook  took  up  several  tracts  of  land  iu  what  is  now 
Ocean  county. 

Serah  Nicholas  Serah  and  w.  had  warrant  1079  for  80  acres  in 
Shrewsbury.  In  1691  he  bought  land  of  Thomas  Cook.  In  1705  he  sold 
laud  to  John  Bowne:  he  then  was  of  Freehold. 

Serjeant — John  Sargent,  carpenter,  bought  land  of  John  Johnstone 
1703.     Joseph  Sergeant  was  a  taxpayer  17:>1  in  Upper  Freehold. 

Shackerly — William  Shackerly  paid  for  and  received  a  share  of  land 
1667.  He  had  lot  No.  9  at  Portland  Point.  He  was  a  sea  captain  and  was 
spoken  of  as  "  Mariner  of  Barbadoes." 

Shattock—  William  Shattock  was  among  original  purchasers  1667,  and 
was  awarded  a  share  of  laud,  and  is  frequently  named  thereafter.  He 
probably  came  to  Monmouth  from  Rhode  Island.  lb-  was  a  shoemaker. 
He  joined  the  Quakers,  and  in  1658  "he  was  found  iu  his  house  on  First 
day  instead  of  going  to  public  worship,  for  which  he  was  hauled  to  the 
House  of  Correction,  when  at  first  entrance  he  was  cruelly  whipped  and 
then  kept  to  work  while  his  wife  and  innocent  children  were  in  want  on 
account  of  his  absence."  (Se  wall's  Hist.  Quakers).  He  was  liberated  on 
condition  of  leaving  the  jurisdiction.  In  1676,  under  Grants  and  Conces- 
sions, William  Shattock  claimed  360  acres  of  land,  and  next  year  received 
a  warrant  for  the  same  on  account  of  self,  wife  and  two  daughters.  At  this 
time  one  of  his  daughters  was  m.  to  Restore  Lippencott.  who  received 
land  for  himself  and  wife.  In  1680  William  Shaddock,  planter.  Shrews- 
bury, received  a  warrant  for  100  a 

Sharp — In  a  deed  to  John  Buckalew,  1773.  it  is  said  that  Anthony 
Sharp  of  Dutton,  Ireland,  bought  one-twelfth  of  a  Proprietary  ami  con- 
veyed the  same  to  his  son  Isaac  who  left  two  sons  Isaac  and  Joseph.  Agnes 
Sharp  is  named  as  a  witness  to  Friends'  marriages,  Shrewsbury.  1688,  etc. 

Shearman — William  Shearman  was  allotted  a  share  of  land,  1670. 
He  was  probably  of  Rhode  Island;  he  did  not  settle  in  Monmouth.  Philip 
Shearman  was  freeman  at  Portsmouth.  R.  I..  1655,  and  Edward  and  Ben- 
jamin named  there  1674.  1800,  April  10th,  John  Sherman  of  old  Mon- 
mouth county,  was  married  to  Ann  Gilford. 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  liii 

Shepherd,  Sheppard  Thomas  Shepherd  and  Deborah  his  wife,  re- 
sided in  Middletown  at  least  .-is  early  as  17ns.  as  in  thai  year  land  was 
deeded  to  them.  Thomas  Shepherd  was  constable  of  Middletown,  L720. 
In  Middletown  1761,  Thomas  Shepherd  was  among  persons  taxed.  The 
Shepherd  or  Sheppard  family  is  numerous  in  South  Jersey.  Thomas 
Shourds,  in  his  notices  of  Salem  families,  says  there  wen-  Unci'  brothers, 
David,  Thomas  and  John  Sheppard  who  came  from  Tipperary,  Ireland, 
and  in  1683,  thej  settled  in  what  is  qov  Cumberland  county,  Thomas 
Shepherd,  firsl  named  in  Middletown,  m.  Deborah,  dan.  of  Joseph  Grover. 
It  is  supposed  that  he  was  a  sun  of  Francis  Shepherd  of  Charlestown, 
.Mass  ,  and  that  he  came  from  Stepney,  England. 

Shinn  Clement  Shinn  and  Eliza  his  wife  had  warrant,  1676,  for  120 
acres  of  land  in  Shrewsbury.  George  Shinn  had  wan-ant  same  year  for  60 
acres. 

Shbeve  This  name  appears  in  Easl  Jersej  records  firsl  as  Sheriff. 
The  fust  nf  the  name  was  Caleb  Sheriff  who  had  from  Proprietors  a 
warrant,  1679,  for  82  acres  in  Shrewsbury  and  a  return  Cor  the  same,  laid 
out  mi  Rum  sons  Neck,  was  entered  Jan.  22nd,  1687.  William  Shreve  d. 
in  the  early  part  of  the  present  century.  His  will  was  dated  L823.  Be 
left  his  property  to  his  wife  Maria.  The  late  w ell  remembered  <  'ivil  Engi 
neer  Samuel  Shreve,  was  eldest  sun  of  Samuel  Shreve.  Be  was  born  at 
Trenton,  August  9th,  1829,  graduated  at  Princeton  class  1848,  studied  law 

at  Harvard,   practised  three  years    at    Chicago,  settled    for    a   time   at    Toms 

River  as  a  Civil  Engineer  and  died  in  New  York,  Nov.  27th,  1884.  The 
Shreve  family  appear  first  in  Plymouth  Colony  where  Thomas  Shreve  was 
named,  1638. 

Shockalea  Albertus  Schockalea  gave  a  mortgage  to  Abiel  Akins  of 
Dover,  in  1772. 

Selves,  Sieivek  Archibald  Siliver  and  Christian  his  wife,  had  30 
acres,  headland,  1688;  the  next  year  he  took  up  100  acres  of  land  in  Bur- 
lington and  his  name  is  given  as  Silver.  In  Upper  Freehold,  1731,  .James 
Silver  was  among  persons  taxed.  Ann  Silver  of  Burlington  m.  Thomas 
Wilson,  July  1693. 

Silvekwood —Joshua  Silverwood  ami  w.  had  warrant,  Kw'J.  for  hio 
acres  of  land.  He  was  in.  at  Rye,  in  Westchester  county,  N.  Y.,  March  15, 
1679,  to  Mary  Hoffmire,  a  widow.  January  7,  1685,  he  had  a  warrant  for 
21:!  acres  in  Middletown.  It  is  presumed  he  d.  that  year.  The  will  of 
Mary  Silverwood,  of  Freehold,  was  proved  Aug.  23,  1698. 

Silvester  Nathaniel  Sylvester  was  one  of  the  twelve  men  named  in 
the  Monmouth  Patent,  1665,  and  in  1667  he  paid  for  and  received  two 
shares  of  land.  He  did  not  come  to  Monmouth.  He  was  at  one  time 
owner  of  Shelter  Island,  at  the  east  end  of  Long  Island.  He  was  a  Quaker 
and  some  of  that  sect,  persecuted  in  Massachusetts,  found  refuge  with  him. 
Knowing  the  sufferings  of  the  Quakers,  he  cordially  aided  in  establishing 
the  settlement  of  Monmouth  as  a  refuge  for  the  persecuted  of  all  sects 
Quakers,  Baptists  and  Antinomians.     He  d.  1680. 

Sisseli.,  SrssEEL— llichard  Sissell  or  Sissoll  is  named  anion--  original 
purchasers  1670.  He  was  probably  the  Richard  Sussell  of  Newport,  R.  I. 
He  probably  remained  in  Rhode  Island. 

Skeltox—  Robert  Skelton  is  named  in  Court  proceedings  1694-5,  him- 
self and  w.  Alee,  or  Alice,  are  named  1698.  He  d.  probably  in  the  early 
part  of  1704.  The  list  of  his  goods  and  chattels  was  quite  lengthy.  Let- 
ters of  administration  on  his  estate  were  -ranted  to  "Alice  Jones,  his 
widow." 

Seack,  Slaght— Bornte  Slaght,  of  Staten  Island,  was  m.  to  Mary 
Cranmer  of  Stafford,  Dec.  6,  1812.  His  dan.  Nancy  was  first  wife  of  Rev. 
Job  Edwards  of  Barnegat. 

Seocum -Giles  Slocum,  of  Portsmouth,  It.  I.,  bought  Feb.  28,  1670-1, 
the  share  of  Monmouth  land  of  John  Wood  of  Newport,  R.  I.  John 
Slocum  was  among  the  settlers  who.  in  1668,  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  at 
Nevesink;  he  is  frequently  named  after  that  in  Freehold  records.  The 
Slocum  family  is  supposed  to  descend  from    Anthony    Slocum   who  was  at 


liv  HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Taunton,  Mass  ,  1639.  His  last  two  sons  settled  in  Monmouth  county. 
Captain  John  m.  Meribah  Parker,  sister  of  Peter  and  Joseph  Parker,  early 
settlers  of  Monmouth,  and  he  d.  without  issue.  The  Slocums  <>t'  Mon- 
mouth descend  from  his  brother  Nathaniel,  whose  children  are  named  in 
his  will. 

Smith-  Edward  Smith  was  among  original  purchasers  of  land  of  the 
Indians,  1667,  and  was  awarded  a  share.  He  had  town  lot  at  Middletown 
number  27.  John  Smith  was  also  awarded  a  share  of  land  1667,  and 
given  town  lot  number  5,  in  Middletown.  In  1687,  John  Smith  and  wife 
Alary  sold  land  to  Richard  Hartshorne;  also  ion  acres  to  Eleazar  Cottrell; 
in  1705,  he  sold  land  to  John  Pierce;  in  1713,  to  Jacob  Truax.  His  will,  it 
is  said,  was  dated  Dec.  29th,  1714,  and  mentions  seven  children.  Edward 
Smith  and  wife  were  among  original  settlers  of  Rehoboth,  Massachusetts, 
1613.  In  the  latter  part  of  last  century,  Major  John  Price  and  w.  Alary  of 
Goodluck,  had  an  only  child  named  Ann  who  m.  John  Smith  (or  John  H. 
Smith  i  and  the  latter  removed  to  the  Redstone  country  in  Western  Pennsyl- 
vania; they  had  children  Reuben,  Jacob,  James,  Lydia  and  perhaps  others. 

Smock,  Smack — The  first  of  this  family  in  Monmouth  was  Johannes 
Smock  "late  of  Staten  Island  "  who  bought  land  of  John  Bowne,  1712. 
He  was  grand  juror  1715;  his  cattle  mark  is  recorded  in  the  old  Middletown 
Town  Book.  He  was  son  of  Hendrick  Matthyre  Smock  who  emigrated  to 
this  country  in  1654.  Hendrick  had  several  children,  some  of  whom,  or 
their  descendants,  came  to  Monmouth  and  others  to  Somerset  county. 
He  settled  at  New  Utrecht,  L.  I.,  where  his  children  were  born.  Members 
of  this  family  distinguished  themselves  in  the  Revolution;  three  were  cap- 
tains in  the  militia  and  others  in  other  positions. 

Snawsell — Thomas  Snawsell  of  Boston,  in  New  England,  merchant, 
bought  land  1678,  of  William  Whitlock,  Middletown.  Also  of  Walter  Wall 
and  Ann  Wall,  house  and  orchard  for  £30.  The  same  year  he  was 
plaintiff  in  several  suits  in  court.  Feb.  26th,  1679-80,  he  bought  land  of 
Richard  and  Penelope  Stout;  these  two  noted  persons  in  the  early  history 
of  Monmouth  were  evidently  living  at  this  date;  both  made  their  marks  to 
the  deed  which  was  not  recorded  until  Oct.  7th,  1684.  Thomas  Snaw- 
sell was  appointed  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  Middletown  and 
Shrewsbury  by  Governor  Andros.  In  1681,  he  was  chosen  constable  of 
Middletown. 

Snowhill — William  Snowhill  m.  Lvdia  Ann  Perrine,  born  Jan.  21st, 
1809,  dau.  of  David.  They  had  children  Daniel,  born  March  29th,  1829, 
May  Elizabeth,  born  1831,  David,  born  1834.  May  Elizabeth  Snowhill  m. 
first  husband  William  E.  Sawyer,  second  husband Brady. 

Solomon — Levi  Solomon  had  land  conveyed  to  him  1790,  by  Aaron 
Forman  Walker  of  Freehold.  In  1817  Aaron,  a  colored  boy  about  eleven 
years  old,  belonging  to  Levi  Solomon,  was  tried  for  the  murder  of  a  child 
named  Stephen  Donnelly  aged  about  two  years,  by  drowning  him  in  a  well. 
He  was  convicted  of  murder,  but  the  Supreme  Court  subsequently  granted 
him  a  naw  trial,  and  he  was  discharged. 

Sooy  Joos  Sooy  is  named  in  Monmouth  as  a  witness  1716,  and  in  a 
power  of  attorney  1719  from  him  to  Sarah  Sooy  and  Cornelius  Sienhinen. 
He  lived  for  a  time  at  Middletown  and  was  styled  yeoman.  He  was  m.  to 
Sarah  Balk  or  Balch,  Aug.  19,  1707,  as  appears  by  the  records  of  the  Dutch 
Reformed  Church  at  New  York. 

Sopek — The  Soper  family  of  Ocean  county  descend  from  Richard 
Soaper,who  lived  at  Woodbridge  in  Middlesex  Co.,  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century.  His  will  was  dated  1723  and  proved  March  2,1730.  His  son 
Richard  settled  at  Barnegat.  His  will  is  dated  at  Barnegat  in  Monmouth 
county,  July  30,  1745,  and  proved  Oct.  11,  1746;  it  named  sons  Joseph  and 
Richard  and  speaks  of  four  daughters,  but  does  not  give  their  names.  The 
son  Joseph  lived  at  Soper's  Landing,  on  the  bay  between  Barnegat  and 
Waretown.  He  was  a  noted  patriot  in  the  Revolution.  The  name  Soper 
is  ancient  in  New  England.  A  tradition  handed  down  among  the  Sopers 
says  that  they  were  of  Huguenot  origan. 

Southard— Thomas   Southard   or   Southart   of  Gravesend,  supposed 


GENEALOGICAL   ItECOIlD.  lv 

English,  in.  Anica,  dau.  of  Anthony  Jansen,  from   Salee.      Bought   Dec 

20,  L650,  of  'I'll as  Applegate  the  one-half  of  the  lol  Applegate  boughi 

of  Randall  Hunt  (Huett  ?).  He  owned  plantation  lot  No.  LI  in  Gravesend 
in  1653,  He  quarrelled  with  his  father-in  law,  Anthony  Jansen,  aboui  the 
ownership  of  cattle,  on  which  Anthony  Jansen  was  imprisoned  bj  the 
local  court  of  Gravesend,  bul  released  by  the  higher  court.  He  appears 
to  have  removed  to  Hempstsad  where  In  resided  in  L670,  having  sons 
Thomas,  Jr.,  and  John,  whose  descendants  reside  in  that  locality.  He 
was  probably  the  ancestor  of  the  Southards  of  New  Jersey.  Samuel  I.. 
Southard,  b.  June  9,  1787,  wasSenatorin  Congress  1821,  and  in  1823  was 
Secretary  of  the  Navy.  In  1841,  he  was  president  of  the  Senate  and  in  1841, 
on'  thr  death  of  Gen.  Harrison,  was  acting  Vice-President. 

Spbabe  Benjamin  Speare,  oi  Rhode  Island,  paid  for  and  was  awarded 
a  share  of  land  1667.  He  sold  the  same  to  Sarah  Reape,  who,  in  1676,  funk 
un  2  Hi  acres  in  his  right.  He  was  a  mariner.  '1  his  name,  in  some  entries, 
is  not  plainly  written  and  has  been  copied  as  Benjamin  Spicer. 

Spiceb  Samuel  Spicer  was  one  of  the  twelve  men  to  whom  was 
granted  the  Monmouth  Patent,  1665.  He  also  paid  for  and  was  awarded  a 
share  of  land  as  stated  in  the  settlement  1667;  he  is  also  named  as  a 
"  townshipper."  In  1686  he  had  warrant  for  lilt;  acres  in  Middletown. 
The  same  year  is  recorded  a  receipt  dated  16th  of  Kith  month,  1685,  for 
£17-2-8  for  quit  rents  for  148  acres,  signed  by  Gowen  Laurie.  Perhaps 
the  first  of  the  Spicer  family  in  this  country  was  Thomas,  who  was  among  orig- 
inal settlers  at  Newport,  R.  I.,  1638.  Samuel  Spicer  was  a  magistrate  in  old 
( Hi  mcester  c<  >unty,  1696,  and  among  Quaker  members  of  Provincial  Assembly 
of  West  Jersey,  who  took  an  affirmation  of  allegiance  in  1697  (N.  J.  Ar- 
chives vol.  2,  p.  148-9.).  Jacob  Spicer,  son  of  Samuel  and  Esther,  was 
quite  prominent  in  South  Jersey  and  known  as  Colonel.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Legislature  and  with  his  colleague,  Aaron  Learning,  compiled 
what  is  known  as  Learning  and  Spicer's  Collection  of  Laws,  the  earliest 
collection  of  laws  of  New  Jersey.  Jacob  Spicer  d.  Sept  17,  1765,  in  the  4'Jth 
year  of  his  age,  and  this  inscription  was  on  his  tombstone: 
"If  aught  that's  good  or  great  could  save, 
Spicer  had  never  seen  the  grave." 

His  w.,  who  lies  by  his  side,  has  this  upon  her  monument: 

"  Judith  Spicer  departed  this  life  Sept.  7,1767,  in  the  33d  year  ofherage. 
"Virtue  and  piety  gave  way  to  death, 
Or  else  the  entombed  had  ne'er  resigned  her  breath." 

The  Spicer  family  is  quite  an  ancient  and  an  honorable  one  in 
England. 

Speagg— James  Spragg  was  m.  to  Elizabeth  Johnson,  July  5th,  1798, 
by  Job  Lippencott,  of  Burlington  county.  Jeremiah  Spragg  was  m.  to 
Mary  Inman  July  11,  1806,  by  Silas  Crane  of  Stafford.  Rachel  Spragg  was 
in.  to  Moses  Letts,  Feb.  1,  1807,  by  Silas  Crane.  Jeremiah  Spragg,  an 
aged  well  remembered  citizen  of'Barnegat,  in  giving  historical  reminiscen- 
ces to  the  writer  of  this  in  1861,  said  he  was  then  about  80  years  old; 
his  father  was  James  Spragg  and  he  thought  he  came  from  Long  Island. 
The  name  Spragg  is  probably  from  Sprague,  which  is  an  ancient  Rhode 
Island  name.  The  first  of  this  name  in  Rhode  Island  were  Jonathan  and 
William. 

Stanlie —Richard  Stanlie  of  Middletown  left  widow,  Sarah,  to  whom 
letters  of  administration  were  granted  on  her  husband's  estate  Jan.  13th, 
1717-18.     He  m.  a  dau.  of  Eleazar  Cottrell.' 

Staekey — John  Starkie  m.  Mary,  widow  of  Adam  Channelhouse,  27th 
of  July,  1687.  They  are  named  1692-7,  and  thereabouts.  John  Starkey 
bought  land  of  Thomas  Potter,  1697,  and  sold  land  to  Thomas  Bills  the 
same  year. 

Stelle — "  Pounsett "  Stelle  was  licensed,  1693,  to  keep  public  house 
of  entertainment  by  Governor  Andrew  Hamilton.  Gabriel  Stelle  had  land 
from  James  Hubbard  May  27th,  1714,  98  acres  on  Manasquan  river.  Same 
year  had  land  from  Francis  Masters,  on  branches  of  Shrewsbury  river;  con- 


lvi  HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH   AM)   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

3ideration  £350.  Gabriel  Stelle  received  a  patenl  for  a  ferry  from  South 
Aniboj  to  Staten  Island,  touching  al  Perth  Amboy,  in  L728,  which  was 
about  the  tim<  he  lefi  Monmouth.  The  founder  of  the  Stelle  family  is 
jaid  i"  nave  been  Pontius  or  Poncei  Stelle,  a  native  of  France.  He  was  a 
Huguenol  and  to  escape  persecution,  went  to  Holland  and  from  thence 
came  to  this  countrj  about  1676.  His  eldest  son  was  Benjamin,  born  1683, 
died  1759.  Benjamin  settled  in  Piscataway  as  early  as  L720,  and  became  a 
Leading  Baptist  preacher;  he  was  ordained  1739,  and  died  1759. 

Stevens  Nicholas  Stevens  was  earned  as  a  grand  juror,  1699,  and 
subsequently.  Hon.  George  C.  Beekman  says  that  John  Stevens,  author 
of  noted  works  on  Egypt  and  other  lands,  was  a  descendant.  Earlj 
settlers  of  this  name  mentioned  in  New  England,  came  from  Salis- 
bury, England,  1646,  and  settled  in  Cape  Cod.  Henry  Stevens  was 
named  al  Newport,  R.  I.,  1648-56,  and  Thomas  Stevens  at  Westerly,  LI.  i.. 
L691  Henrj  Stevens  was  a  settler  at  Stonington,  Conn.,  1670,  with 
children  Thomas,  Richard,  Henry  and  Elizabeth.  In  1731,  Nicholas 
St.  \< ■ns  bought  land  in  Monmouth,  of  David  Lyell. 

Stewabt  John  Stewart,  of  Shrewsbury,  bought  Land  of  Isaac  Oung, 
late  of  Shrewsbury,  L697;  also,  the  same  year  from  Susannah  and  Mary 
Barnes,  daughters  <>;  Thomas  Barnes,  deceasad.  The  will  ol  Simon 
Stewart,  of  Freehold,  wasdatedDec.  16,  17ns. 

Si  n.i.wKi.r.    Jeremiah  Stillwell  bought  land  of   Elisha    Lawreno   1698. 

Heism <1  as  grand  juror  L700  and  justice  1704  6.     En.  old  Middletown 

l  a  Booi  the  cattle  mark  of  Elias  Stilwell,  dated -Inly  21,  L699,  is  en- 
tered. In  the  Revolutionary  war,  John  Stilwell  was  an  agent  to  sell  for- 
feited estates.  In  177'.i  he  sold  land  to  a  Loyalist  named  James  King,  alias 
Lippencott,  to  Thomas  Chadwick.  Samuel  Stilwell  was  a  Loyalist,  and 
his  property  was  confiscated  and  sold  in  177'.)  by  the  Commissioners  to 
Samuel  Wilofl.  The  Stillwell  family  descend  from  Nicholas  Stillwell, 
an  Englishman,  who  went  to  Leyden  and  from  thence  came  to  America. 
The  genealogy  of  the  Stillwell  family  has  been  published  by  Judge  W.  II. 
stillwell  of  I  irooklj  n. 

Siok,  Robert  Story  paid  £9  for  lands  bought  of  the  Indians  1667  and 
w-as  awarded  two  shares.  William  Story  bought  land  L702  oi  Richard 
Hartshorne,  and  sold  1712  to  William  Purely.  Robert  Story  was  in  busi- 
ness in  New  York  city  and  a  Leading  Quaker  there.  He  and  w.  Patience 
are  sometimes  named  in  Quaker  records. 

Stoi  i  Richard  Stout  was  one  of  the  twelve  men  named  in  the  Mon- 
mouth Patent.  Under  Grants  and  Concessions,  his  name  la-ads  the  list 
of  claimants  as  recorded  in  Surveyoi  General's  office  at  Perth  Amboy.  In 
the  allotment  of  Town  lots  at  Middletown,  recorded  Dec.  30th,  1667, 
Richard  Stout  was  given  town  lot  number  six  and  also  outlots,  and  his 
son  J.  Jin  tow  n  lot  number  nineteen  and  also  outlots.  At  this  time  Rich- 
ard Stout  was  appointed  to  assist  in  laying  out  the  lots.  In  L669,  he  was 
one  of  the  so-called  overseers  for  Middhtow n.  Richard  Stout  was  promi 
nent  iii  public  affairs  in  the  new  settlement  and  his  name  frequently  men 
i I  in  Freehold  records.  Ln  1690,  Richard  Stout  and  w.  Penelope  con- 
veyed to  Benjamin  stout  all  the  tract  and  plantation  whereon  they  then 
lived  at  Hop  River,  after  decease  of  himself  and  w.  Penelope.  The  will  of 
Richard  Stout,  first  of  the  family,  is  tiled  in  Secretary  of  state's  office  at 
Trenton,  [t  is  dated  June  9th,  L703,  and  was  proved  Oct.  L705.  Jan.  25th, 
1664,  Richard  Stout,  John  Bowne,  John  Tilton,  Jr.,  James  Hubbard, 
William  Goulding  and  Samuel  Spicer,  all  of  Gravesend,  made  the  first  pur- 
chase of  land  in  what  is  now  .Monmouth,  of  the  Indians.  The  land  was 
bought  of  Popomora,  the  Indian  Sachem,  who  was  called  "Chief  of  the 
Indians."  John  Stout,  son  of  Richard  and  Penelope  was  m.  Jan.  12th, 
1671.       The    above    gives    the    legal    year    which    began    .March    25th. 

By    our    calendar    year     the     marriage     took     place     January     12th.      L672. 

J  la  tradition  among  the  Stouts  of  Ocean  county,  Btates  that  John's  son 
Richard  the  Squan  Richard  had  a  son  Benjamin,  who  m.  Mary  Johnson, 
ami  they  in  turn  had  a  son  Benjamin,  who  was  the  well  remembered  Capt. 
Benjamin  Stout,  who  lived  on  the  old  Thomas  Potter  place  at  Goodluck. 


(IKNKALOGICAL   RECORD. 


Ivii 


Capt.  Benjamin  Stoul  d.  Feb.  13,  I860,  aged  over  69  years,  and  bisw 
tearah  d  \  i  .1  i  1  23  L 866,  aged  over  82  years.  They  had  children  Joseph, 
Benjamin  Daniel,  James,  J<  I  d,  and  daus.  Garrel  stout,  the  well  known 
bote]  keeper  oJ  Cedai  Creek,  b.  1802,  was  a  son  of  Abraham  and  grandson 
loth(  i-  Abraham  Stout.  Mr.  West  says  thai  Jonathan,  Bon  oJ  the  sec- 
ond Richard,  had  a  sen  Ri<  bard  and  several  other  children,  and  Jonathan  s 
son  Tombrook  was  an  officer  in  the  Revolution  and  sa-w  much  service. 
'I  he  stout  families  oi  <  Icean  county  are  descended  from  John  Stout,  a  gen- 
tleman of  Nottinghamshire,  England,  whose  sou  Richard  came  to  New 
\,,rk  where  he  m.aboul  the  year  L622,  a  Dutch  widow  whose  maiden  came 
m  Penelope  Vanprinces  Thej  had  seven  sons  and  three  Minis  rhe 
most  prominent  of  the  Eounders  of  the  settlements  in  Monmouth  was 
Bichaad  Stout.  At  the  present  day  there  are  many  thousand  peopli  111 
New  Jersey  and  in  other  States,  who  can  claim  hun  as  an  ancestor.  It  is 
known  to  but  few  of  these  that  his  will  is  still  preserved  and  in  good  con- 
dition bi  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State,  at  L'renton;  sod  isoneoi  the 
most  interesting  unpublished  papers  relating  to  the  history  oJ  the  aim  >. 
Danielbtout  was  the  well  remembered  Esquire  Daniel,  oi  Goodluck.  tie 
and  w  Anna  bad  ten  children,  one  son  and  nine  daus.  A  noted  descend- 
ant oi  Richard  stout  was  Elihu  Stout,  who,  about  1804,  was  induced  by 
(i,.u  William  Henry  Harrison,  afterwards  President,  to  settle  at  Vin- 
cennes,  Lhdiana.  He  founded  the  "  Western  Sun" newspaper,  July4,18U4, 
the  pioneer  newspaper  within  the  territory  now  embraced  by  the  State  ot 
Indiana  He  continued  its  publication  under  difficulties  until  Nov.,  184=5, 
for  many  years  after  its  first  publication  transporting  his  materials  on 
pack  horses  from  Lexington,  Ky.  He  d.  at  Vincennes  m  April,  1860,  and 
was  laid  to  rest  in  the  public  cemetery,  "leaving  behind  no  evidence  01 
anv  necessity  for  taking  an  inventory  of  his  estate." 

'  hUTPHEa  Jan  Sutvan  (butphen),  of  King's  county,  L.  I.,  bought  land 
0i  John  Johnston  and  w.  Luphasia  (Euphame?)  and  subsequently,  in  1713, 
he  and  w  Angelke  Bennett  joined  the  Brick  Church,  Marlborough.  Che 
common  ancestor  of  this  family  was  Derick  Jans.-  Van  Sutphen,  who  emi- 
grated from  Zutphen  or  Sutphen  in  Gelderland,  Holland,  1651.  Jan  hut- 
nhen  the  first  who  came  to  Monmouth,  settled  near  Freehold;  he  married 
Ancelke  Bennett  and  had  children.  Anion-  taxpayers  in  Freehold  town- 
shin  1776  were  three  Derick  Sutphens,  Cornelius,  Abram  and  Jane 

Swain  Samuel  Swam  was  witness,  1704,  to  marriage  of  William 
Brinlev  to  Elizabeth  Corlies.  In  1714heand  w.  Susannah,  of  Shrewsbury, 
sold  land  to  John  Vest,  innkeeper.  In  174:5  Benjamin  Swam  was  witness 
to  a  Chamberlain  deed.  ,  ,  .,         .•    i    • 

Swingles  Henry  Swingler  was  deceased  in  1724,  and  letters  of  admin- 
istration on  his  estate  were  granted  that  year  to  William  Lawrence,  Jr. 

Swint  SwrNNY-^Thurlogh  Swinyand  Mary,  his  w.,  were  named  167b. 
He  may  have  come  from  Rhode  Island.  His  cattle  mark  was  recorded 
L682  "His  will  was  dated  March  1,  1683-4,  and  proved  March  31,  1684, 
and  named  w.  Mary  and  son  John.  Executors,  Joseph  Groverand  Hannah 
his  w  In  April  1684,  his  executor,  Joseph  Grover,  makes  the  following 
charges  of  funeral  expenses  :  2>.,  gallons  molasses,  5s;  5  gallons  rum,  7s- 
6d:  buckwheat,  5s;  butter  and  eggs,  :ls;  winding  sheet,  4s;  coffin,  5s;  to. tal, 
61  9s  6d.  His  son,  John  Swinny,  in  1691  chose  as  guardians ^Wilhani 
Lawrence,  Jr.  and  Captain  Safety  Grover,  and  eventually  moved  to  Bur- 
lington county.  In  1676  Thorlogh  Swinney  and  Francis  Jeffries  bought 
Land  of  Thomas  Potter,  but  deeded  it  back  to  him. 

Tabek  Tabob  Philip  Taber,  joiner,  is  said  to  have  resided  in  Mon- 
mouth as  e^vrly  as  1749.  In  1761  he  was  taxed  in  Middletown.  He  came 
from  Dartmouth,  Bristol  county,  Mass.,  and  was  a  son  of  Thomas  labor, 
who  was  a  son  of  Philip,  founder  of  the  family.  The  Phihp  who  came  to 
Monmouth  was  b.  Feb.  7,  1689,  and  m.  Sarah  Tucker,  and  had  nine  chil- 
dren.    Of  their  children  Noah  and  Zephaniah  are  taxed  in  Shrewsbury  in 

l764TAnLMAN     James  Tallman  bought  land  172...      His  will   dated  Shrews- 
tuny,  Feb.  21,  17:;.;  7,  was  proved  April  1,  1737,  named  w.  Abigail  and  tour 


Wiii         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

children.  Dr.  Stephen  Tallman  was  a  native  of  Rhode  [sland  and  settled 
at  Pumpkin  Point,  Shrewsbury,  lie  was  tmried  on  his  estate,  in  the  Tall- 
man  burying  ground.  He  died  Aug.  24,  1771.  aged  71  years.  In  the  same 
yard  are  tombstones  to  other  members  of  the  family. 

Takti.k  Edward  Tartle  was  client'  the  original  settlers  of  Middletown 
and  was  awarded  town  lot  No.  2  In  Nov.,  1688,  he  and  Jonathan  Holmes 
were  chosen  deputies  to  meet  the  General  Assembly  at  Elizabethtown,  but 
they  refused  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  and  w<  re  dismissed;  In  1667  he 
was  appointed  regular  (own  clerk  of  Middletown  and  continued  in  the 
position  until  June,  1675,  when  Richard  Hartshorne  was  chosen  to  succeed 
him.  The  will  of  Edward  Tartt  was  dated  Sept  2.  less,  and  proved 
Sept.  25,   KISS;  only  relative  named    was  sister  Elizabeth. 

Tam.oi;  Robert  Taylor  was  among  original  purchasers  of  the  Indians 
L667.  He  was  probably  the  Robert  Taylor  named  as  freemen  at  Newport, 
R.  I.,  1655.  The  first  of  the  surname,  Taylor,  named  as  settling  in  Mon- 
mouth was  Edward,  whose  cattle  mark  was  entered  in  Middletown  Town 
BookMay30,  1684.  Among  persons  taxed  in  Middletown  1761,  were  Ed- 
ward Taylor,  Edward,  Jr.,  George,  George,  Jr.,  James,  -John,  and  an 
Edward,  who  was  a  single  man.  In  Shrewsbury,  1764,  Asher  Taylor  was 
taxed.  John  Taylor  was  Sheriff  of  the  county  about  1760.  He  died  at 
Perth  Amboy  about  1798  or '9,  aged  82  yrs.  'The  later  Asher  Taylor  of 
Jersey  City,  it  is  understood,  had  collected  the  history  and  genealogy  of  the 
Taj  lor  family  quite  complete.  The  will  of  John  Taylor,  of  Perth  Amboy, 
formerly  Sheriff  of  Monmouth,  dated  Nov.  10,  1797,  is  recorded  at  Trenton. 
The  will  of  William  Taylor  is  recorded  at  New  Hrunswick.  The  will  of 
Joseph  Taylor,  of  Perth  Amboy,  is  dated  1808  and  proved  Feb.  12.  1810. 

Tharp,  Thorp  -John  ami  Samuel  Tharp  or  Thorp,  brothers,  are 
named  in  Monmouth  records  about  the  beginning  of  last  century.  The 
will  of  John,  dated  1714,  proved  Aug.  18th,  1714,  left  all  his  property  to  his 
brother  Samuel.  The  Thorps  were  among  early  settlers  of  Woodbridge. 
Thomas  Thorp  is  named  there  1687,  and  in  1693,  was  a  Deputy  to  General 
Assembly.  Joseph  Thorp  and  w  Hannah  had  con  Paul,  born  April  4fch, 
17(14.  Genealogical  notices  of  this  family  from  ancient  Woodbridge 
records  are  given  in  Daily's  History  of  Woodbridge. 

Thompson,  Tomson  Among  those  awarded  a  share  of  laud  in  Mon- 
mouth 1667  was  John  Tomson.  He  did  not  settle  in  the  county  Corne- 
lius Tomson  was  an  early  settler  in  Monmouth  county.  He  is  named  as  a 
grand  juror  1711;  is  spoken  of  as  residing  in  Freehold  and  is  otherwise 
mentioned  in  Freehold  records.  His  will  was  dated  Aug.  14,  1727,  and 
proved  Dec  21,  1727;  it  named  w.  Mary  and  four  sons  and  four  daus. 
A  tradition  says  that  Cornelius  Tomson  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  in 
the  vicinity  of  Freehold  and  as  early  as  1702  built  the  stone  house  now  oc- 
cupied by  Mrs.  Achsah  Hendrickson  about  four  miles  south-west  of 
Freehold,  on  the  Mount  Holly  road.  Members  of  this  family  adopted  the 
spelling  of  Thomson  and  Thompson  during  the  last  century",  and  offshots 
went  to  Somerset  county.  X.  J.,  and  thence  to  Alleghany  county,  Pa. 

Thornborough— George  Thornborout,'h  of  Monmouth  was  deceased 
1734,  in  which  year  letters  of  administration  were  granted  on  his  estate. 

Throckmorton— John  Throckmorton  was  one  of  the  original  purchas- 
ers of  land  in  Monmouth,  named  in  the  settlement  1667,  and'  was  awarded 
a  share.  John  Throckmorton  1st,  came  to  Monmouth  after  1673,  and  died 
previous  to  1687,  and  was  buried  at  Middletown.  Thomas  C.  Throck- 
morton, born  in  Middlesex  county,  came  to  Monmouth  and  settled  m 
Freehold,  1803;  he  was  an  officer  of  the  war  of  1812,  justice  of  the  peace 
tor  forty-two  years  and  a  judge  twenty  seven  years.  In  1808,  he  was  m. 
to  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Major  James  Craig  of 'Freehold,  who  had  been  an 
officer  in  the  Continental  army  under  General  Washington.  Mrs.  Throck- 
morton died  in  1863  and  her  husband  in  1868.  John  I>.  Throckmorton, 
M.  I).,  son  of  James  and  Frances  B.  Throckmorton,  was  born  at  South 
River,  Middlesex  county,  April  3d,  1796;  he  studied  medicine  and  was 
licensed  in  Monmouth  April  29th,  1822;  he  d.  at  Freehold,  Sept.  19th,  1856. 
John  Throckmorton,  founder  of  the  Throckmorton  family  of  New  Jersey, 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  lix 

oaine  with  his  w.  to  this  country  in  the  ship  Lion,  Capt.  William  Pierce, 
and  landed  on  Nantaskel  Beach,  near  Boston,  Feb.,  1  * "►: >  1  (legal  year  L630). 
In  the  same  ship,  which  was  laden  with  provisions,  came  Roger  Williams. 
Their  arrival  was  at  an  opportune  time;  sickness  and  want  of  necessaries 
of  life  were  almost  universal  among  the  colonists;  even  the  Governor's 
stores  were  almost  exhausted  and  people  of  small  or  moderate  means  were 
on  scanty  allowance  and  a  daj  of  fasting  and  prayer  was  turned  into  one 
of  thankseiving  and  a  proclamation  was  issued.  In  an  Indian  massacre, 
at  Throg's  Neck,  Oct.,  L643,  the  opportune  passage  of  a  boal  enabled  a 
number  of  the  settlers  to  escape,  bu!  as  many  as  remained  were  slaugh- 
tered, their   cattle   killed    and  their   houses  and  barns  destroyed.      In    this 

massacre.it  is  stated  that  several  members  of  the  Throckmorton  family 
were  killed.  The  Throckmorton  family  derive  their  mime  from  Throck- 
mertonn,  or  the  Rockmoortown,  which  is  situated  in  the  vale  of  Evesham, 
in  Warwickshire,  England,  John  Throckmorton  was  lord  of  the  manor  of 
Throckmorton  about  sixty  years  after  the  Norman  conquest.  Eighth  in 
descent  from  John  Throckmorton,  lord  of  Throckmerton  in  1130,  was  John 
Throckmorton,  lord  of  Throgsmorton  Neck,  who  left  issue  John  Throck- 
morton. The  patentee  (of  Throckmorton's  Neck)  is  now  represented  by 
the  Throckmortons  of  Middletown,  N.  J.  The  history  and  pedigree  of  the 
Throckmortons  of  Warwickshire,  England,  is  given  in  Dugdale's  Antiqui- 
ties of  Warwickshire,  vol.  2,  pages  749— 756.  The  Throckmorton  family, 
like  many  others  of  New  Jersey,  had  representatives  on  both  sides  of  the 
contest  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution.  On  the  American  side  were  John, 
Samuel  and  others.  Other  members  of  the  family  adhered  to  the  Crown. 
One  John  Throckmorton  of  Monmouth  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  New  Jersey 
Royal  Volunteers,  and  was  taken  prisoner  on  Staten  Island  in  1777  and 
sent  to  Trenton;  and  there  was  a  John  who  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  King's 
Rangers,  who  in  Nov.,  1782,  retired  to  the  Island  of  St.  John.  The  crest 
of  the  Throckmortons  was  an  elephant's  head,  and  many  descendants  use 
a  representation  of  the  elephant's  head  for  seals  to  hang  on  watch  guards,  etc. 

Tompkins —Nathaniel  Tompkins  was  among  the  number  who  had 
shares  of  land  allotted  to  them,  1670.  He  was  probably  of  Newport,  R.  I., 
where  hem.  Elizabeth  Allen,  Jan.  15th,  1670. 

Townsend— John  Townsend  was  among  original  purchasers  of  land  in 
Monmouth  from  Indians  named  in  settlement,  1670.  Thompson's  History 
of  Long  Island  says  that  among  others  of  the  name,  John,  Henry  and 
Richard  Townsend, "brothers,  came  to  Boston,  and  from  thence  John  and 
Henry  went  to  Oyster  Bay  and  were  finally  joined  by  Richard.  It  is  sup- 
posed that  the  three  brothers  first  named  came  from  Norfolkshire,  England. 
They  went  to  Lynn,  Mass.,  before  1640,  but  soon  left  and  eventually  settled 
on  Long  Island. 

Textax — Jacob  Truax,  du  Truax  and  Trewax  as  the  name  was  variously 
spelled  in  ancient  records  at  Freehold  and  Perth  Amboy,  appears  to  have 
been  the  first  of  this  family  named  in  Monmouth,  and  Philip  Truax  the 
next.  The  founder  of  this  family  was  Philip  du  Trieux  who  was  one  of 
the  earliest  settlers  in  New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York,  where  he  is 
named,  1623.  In  the  records  of  the  Dutch  Reformed  Church  of  New  York 
are  numerous  notices  of  this  family.  The  first  of  this  family  in  Mon- 
mouth, Jacob,  seems  to  have  been  considerable  of  a  land  owner.  Philip 
Truax  was  taxed  in  Upper  Freehold,  1731. 

Tucker—  John  Tucker,  who  was  born  about  1656,  and  came  from 
New  Bedford  to  Monmouth,  was  for  a  time  quite  a  prominent  member  of 
the  Society  of  Friends  in  Old  Shrewsbury  township.  In  1687,  he  bought 
Peter  Easton's  claim  and  same  year  sold  land  to  Thomas  Hilborn.  On  2nd 
month,  25,  1688,  he  married  at  Shrewsbury  meeting,  Ruth  Woolley,  born 
Oct.  12,  1664,  dau.  of  Emanuel  Woolley  of  Rhode  Island,  whose  sons 
John,  William  and  Edward  Woolley  are  early  named  in  Monmouth.  Most 
of  the  names  attached  to  the  marriage  certificate  belong  to  families  quite 
noted  in  the  early  history  of  the  county.  Judge  Ebenezer  Tucker,  from 
whom  Tuckerton  derives  its  name,  was  born  1758,  and  died  Sept.  5,  1845. 
He  was  a  member  of  Congress,  1825-9.     Ebenezer  Tucker  was  married  to 


lx  HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Phebe  Ridgway,  Oct.  8,  1802,  by  Amos  Pharo.  This  was  the  second 
marriage  of  Judge  Tucker. 

Tunison —  Derrick  Tunneson  had  license  to  marry,  1668,  (Perth  Amboy 
Rec.)  In  1672  lie  bought  a  share  of  land  of  Lewis  Mattox.  Iu  1679  he 
and  w.  had  warrant,  for  240  acres  of  land  in  Middletown.  The  name  indi- 
cates Dutch  origin,  and,  if  so,  he  was  the  first  Dutchman  to  settle  in 
Monmouth. 

Turner  -Robert  Turner  was  one  of  the  twenty-four  proprietors.  He 
was  a  merchant  of  Dublin.  He  never  took  any  interest  in  his  property 
here,  and  sold  most  of  it  about  1685.  He  came  to  America  and  settled  in 
Philadelphia,  and  was  an  intimate  friend  of  William  Penn.  In  16S7  he 
sold  one-half  of  his  right  to  John  Throckmorton.  He  also  sold  L-16  of 
it  to  Jonathan  Marsh,  1-8  to  John  Woolley,  1-16  to  Nicholas  Brown  ami  a 
small  share  to  William  Olivant  or  Oliphant. 

Usselton  Francis  Usselton,  of  Staten  Island,  bought  land  1C>S7  of 
Robert  Hamilton  of  Middletown,  and  in  1696  sold  the  same  to  Moses 
Lippit.  This  family  may  have  been  of  Massachusetts  origin.  The  Francis 
Usselton  of  Middletown  was  living  on  Staten  Island  1678. 

Van  Bbakle,  Van  Bbockle— Matthis  Van  Brockle  bought  lauds  1717, 
of  William  Bowne.  In  Middletown,  1761,  among  taxpayers  were  Stephen 
Van  Brackle,  Tice  Van  Brackle,  and  widow  Van  Brackle.  Cornelia  Brakel 
or  Van  Brackle,  m.  Jan  or  Aert  Vankerk,  who  was  baptized  1682;  they  left 
Long  Island  and  settled  in  Monmouth,  and  their  children  were  baptized  in 
the  Marlborough  church. 

Vane — John  Vane  is  named  as  son-in-law  ol  James  (hover,  Jr.,  in  his 
will  1714. 

Van  Arsdale— Derrick  Barkaloo,  of  Freehold,  m.  Jannetje  Van 
Arsdalen,  dau.  of  Cornells  of  Flatlands.  Mr.  Bergen,  in  his  History  of 
Kind's  county,  L  I.,  settlers  says  Cornells  was  a  son  of  Symon  Janse  Van 
Arsdalen,  who  emigrated  in  1656  and  settled  in  Flatlands,  and  m.  Pietre 
Claesen  Wyckoff.  Among  their  children,  Symon  came  to  New  Jersey  and 
perhaps  others.  The  son  Cornells  was  t>.  in  this  country  and  was  three 
times  married.  Philip  Van  Arsdalen  m.  Jane  Van  Dyke  of  Red  Mills,  near 
Brooklyn,  and  the  next  year  removed  to  Somerset  county,  N.  J.  They  had 
seven  sons,  and  one  daughter  who  d.  when  six  years  old.  Philip  Van 
Arsdale  was  m.  the  second  time  to  Hannah  Magnish,  April:!,  1750, and  de- 
parted this  life  June  28,  1796,  a.  94  yrs.,  1  nios.,   1  days. 

Van  Brunt  -The  first  of  this  family  in  Monmouth  was  Nicholas,  who 
was  a  member,  with  wife,  of  the  Brick  Church,  Marlborough,  1731.  The 
family  settled  on  a  tract  of  000  acres  of  land  at  Tinton  Falls.  He  had  chil- 
dren '  Hendrick  who  m.  Nelly  Schenck.  Nicholas,  his  son,  was  Hipdi 
Sheriff  of  Monmouth  1776-8.  The  common  ancestor  of  the  Van  Brunt 
family  was  Rutger  Joesten,  who  emigrated  from    the  Netherlands  in  It;."):!. 

Van  Gelder — Hendrick  Van  Gelder,  of  Middletown,  deeded  land  for 
£60  to  Christopher  Schaers  and  Walter  Van  Pelt,  both  of  Lon^  Island,  in 
1717.  Possibly  the  HenJrick  of  Freehold  records  and  the  Harmauns  of 
Long  Island  were  the  same. 

Van  Cleef,  Van  Cleve— Benjamin  Van  Cleef  settled  in  Monmouth, 
probably  about  1707.  He  m.  Hendrickje  Sutphen  and  came  from  New 
Utrecht,  L.  I.,  and  had  eleven  children.  The  common  ancestor  of  this 
family  was  Jan  VanCleef,  who  came  to  this  country  in  1Co3.  In  the  census 
of  New  Utrecht,  L.  I.,  1698,  it  is  stated  that  he  had  been  in  this  country 
thirty-four  years  and  had  w.  and  four  children. 

Vanderveer —Cornelius  Janse  Vanderveer  the  common  ancestor  of 
this  family,  came  to  this  country  in  165!)  from  Alkmaar  in  North  Holland. 
He  m.  Tryntje  Gillis  de  Mandeville.  He  purchased  a  farm  in  Flushing,  L. 
I.,  Feb.  24,  1689,  of  Jan  Janse  Fyn.  At  that  date  he  was  a  magistrate  in 
that  town.  He  had  several  children.  David  Vanderveer,  b.  1801),  m.  Feb. 
13,  1828,  Mary,  dau.  of  William  and  Ann  Davis  Conover.  After  his  mar- 
riage he  purchased  the  old  Vanderveer  homestead  which  has  been  in  posses- 
sion of  the  family  for  a  century  and  a  half. 

Van  Doren,  Vandoorn— Jacob   Van   Doom,  as   his   name  was  given, 


GENEALOGICAL  RECORD.  I\i 

settled  in  New  Jersey  aboul  1698.  He  had  676  acres  of  land  near  Hills- 
dale, and  it  is  supposed  he  procured  the  title  f or  il  from  the  Indians  and 
also  from  William  Penn  and  William  Gibson,  to  whom  the  land  was  as- 
signed en  Reid's  map  of  L685.     He  was  named  as  a  juror  in  Mori ith 

L699,  in  court  proceedings  L700;  and  himself  and  w.  Maryka  were  among 
members  of  Brick  Church.  Marlborough  1709.  Christian  Van  Doren 
tied  at  Middlebush,  in  Middlesex  county,  as  Hid  also  his  brother  Abraham. 
They  located  525  acres  of  land  Lying  north  of  the  church  and  \hia.II 
road.  Abraham  was  Sheriff  of  Somerset  county  for  twenty  years,  while 
the  Court  House  was  at  Millstone,  lie  was  converted  under  the  pri 
ing  of  Whitefield  and  be  was  a  deacon  in  the  Dutch  Reformed  Church  a1 
New  Brunswick,  L752,  at  the  same  time  as  his  brother  Christian  was  elder. 
Christian's  w.  d.  in  ism  m  tier  :17th  year  and  was  widely  mourned.  The 
first  of  the  name  Van  Doom  in  this  country  was  Cornelius  Lambertson 
Van  Doom  1642.  In  177:!  Cornelius  Dorn,  of  Freehold,  blacksmith,  is 
named.  In  tax  list  Freehold,  1776.  Vandorns  are  named.  In  Middletown 
1761,  among  taxpayers  were  Cornelius.  Deatloff  and  Nicholas  Dorn  Hi- 
Dome. 

Van  Deventer  — Peter  Vandeventer,  of  Middletown,  bought  land, 
1705,  of  John  Hebron  of  Freehold.  His  will  was  dated  April  25,  1733, 
proved  Dec.  11,  17:::!. 

Van  Dyke —Charles  Vandike  of  Shrewsbury  died  in  the  early  part  of 
1734,  as  his  will  dated  1732,  was  proven  March  11th  of  that  year.  The 
Van  Dykes  are  said  to  descend  from  Thomas  Jans  Van  Dyke  of  Amster- 
dam, Holland. 

Van  Hook — The  first  of  this  name  in  Monmouth  was  Arent  or  Aaron 
Van  Hook,  who,  in  a  deed,  dated  171-1,  speaks  of  himself  as  "late  of  New 
York."  Lawrence  was  the  father  of  Aaron,  who  very  shortly  after  also 
came  to  Monmouth  and  settled  in  Freehold  township. 

Van  Himixe  —Cornelius  Van  Home,  known  as  Captain  Cornelius  Van 
Home,  born  about  1695,  settled  in  Monmouth  in  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century.  He  married  Catharine  Cox  who  died  within  a  year  leaving  a  son 
named  Thomas;  he  married  2nd,  Elizabeth  Lawrence,  by  whom  he  had 
three  children:  Matthias,  Catharine  and  Elizaheth,  and  then  she  died.  He 
afterwards  married  Hannah  Seabrook,  bom  1706,  by  whom  he  had  six 
children:  Mary,  Cornelius,  Abram,  John,  James  and  Daniel.  Captain  Van 
Home  emigrated  from  New  York  and  had  pui'chased  a  tract  of  land  in 
Hunterdon  county,  containing  over  3, (Mil)  acres  and  built  the  White  House 
which  is  still  standing-  and  in  possession  of  his  descendants.  From  it  the 
present  town  of  White  House  in  Hunterdon  derives  its  name.  He  returned 
to  Hunterdon  county  and  died  Feb.  12,  1744,  in  the  49th  year  of  his  age 

Vanhise- -William  Vanhise  was  taxed  for  200  acres  of  land  and  18 
head  of  horses  and  cattle  in  Freehold,  in  J  77t>.  Robert  and  William  Van- 
hise were  also  taxed  same  year  in  same  township.  Abraham  Van  Hise 
was  m.  to  Margery  (StepeV)  of  Upper  Freehold,  1799.  The  present  family 
of  the  name  in  Brick  and  elsewhere  in  Ocean,  descend  from  Isaac  Vanhise 
who  had  sons,  George,  John,  William  and  Jesse. 

Van  Kirk— John  Van  Kirk  "of  Island  of  Nassau,"  (Long  Island), 
bought  land  in  Monmouth,  1703,  of  Richard  Salter,  attorney.  The  Van 
Kirks  were  early  settlers  of  New  Utrecht,  L.  I.,  wdiere  Jan  Janse  from  Bu- 
ren  in  Gelderland,  settled  1663. 

Van  Mater — John  Van  Mater,  sou  of  Kryn  Jansen,  was  member  of 
the  Dutch  Church  1713,  grand  Juror  1715,  deacon,  1729,  etc.  The  ancestor 
of  the  Van  Mater  family  was  Jan  Gysbertsen  Van  Materen  or  Van  Mater, 
who  came  from  Bommel  in  South  Holland,  1663.  He  eventually  settled  in 
Monmouth.  Joseph  H.  Van  Mater  was  b.  on  the  homestead  1775,  and  m. 
Ann,  dan.  of  Aaron  and  Mary  Van  Meter,  who  wash.  July  9,  17s5.  He 
d.  Oct.  10,  1860.  His  son  Joseph  I,  was  b.  July  25.  1825,  and  m.  Nov. 
18,  1863,  Eliza  Morgan,  dan.  of  Daniel  Ayres,  of  Brooklyn.  Their  children 
were:  Daniel  Ayres,  b.  Aug.  11,  1865;  Joseph  Holmes,  b.  Feb.  20,  1867; 
Anne  Morgan,  b.  April  2,  1871;  Jesse  Ayres,  b.  Feb.  8,  187K;  Frederick,  b. 
Feb.  8,  1878. 


lxii  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Vaughn,  Vatjghan — John  Vaughn  had,  in  1776,  title  for  135  acres 
confirmed  from  I670,in  Middletown.  He  may  have  come  from  Gravesend, 
L.  I.  The  Vaughns  of  Lacey  township  descend  from  Asher  Vaughn,  who 
in.  a  dan  c if  Peter  Stout,  of  Middletown,  and  settled  near  Crosswicks  and 
had  son  Jacob  Vaughn,  b.  about  1811,  who  settled  at  Forked  River  and 
became  a  noted  shipwright.  Another  son,  Timbrook,  settled  near  Toms 
River. 

Vebway—  Hendrick  Verway  bought  lands  1709,  of  Henry  and  Samuel 
Tilton.  In  1715  he  is  named  of  Freehold,  and  sold  land  to  Mindart 
Lafever,  Jr.,  same  year.  He  had  wife  and  children;  all  baptized  at  Brick 
Church,  Marlborough 

Vickeks  -Thomas  Vickers,  blacksmith,  bought  land  of  Thomas  Bor- 
den, 1684;  he  is  named  as  grand  juror  1692.  Esther  Vickers,  wife,  died  in 
Shrewsbury  5th  of  8th  mo.,  1693,  and  Thomas  Vickers  died  :21st  of  11th 
mo.,  1696. 

Vookhees— The  founder  of  this  family  in  America  was  Stephen 
Courton,  who  came  from  Holland  in  1660  and  settled  at  Flatlands,  L.  I.  In 
1719  Hendrick  Voorhees,  of  Flatlands,  bought  land  near  Topanemus,  of 
Alexander  Laing.  Voorhees  is  the  name  of  a  town  in  Guilderland,  in  Hol- 
land, and  Hon.  H.  0.  Murphy  says  it  means  '•before  or  in  front  of  Hess." 

Ykedesburgh  — In  the  list  or  passengers  in  the  ship  Gilded  Beaver, 
May,  1658,  given  in  N.  Y.  Documentary  History,  vol.  3,  p.  17.  is  the  name 
of  William  Yan  Vredenburg,  who  is  said  to  be  the  ancestor  of  the  Vreclen- 
burgs  of  New  Jersey .  His  name  was  subsequently  given  in  the  Dutch 
records  as  Willem  Isaacseu  Vreden  Bur;.;.  He  came  from  the  Hague  and 
was  married  in  New  York  Oct.  19,  1664,  to  Appolonia  Barents  of  New 
York.  The  late  Judge  Peter  Vredenburgh  was  son  of  Dr.  Peter  Vreden- 
burgh,  of  Somerville,  N.  J.,  and  was  b.  at  Reading,  Hunterdon  county,  in 
1805.  His  grandfather,  who  was  also  named  Peter,  d.  Aug.  24,  1823,  at 
New  Brunswick,  in  the  7'.ith  year  of  his  age.  Judge  Vredenburgh  d  March 
24,  1873. 

Vboom — The  first  of  this  family  in  this  country  was  Cornelius  Peter 
sen  Vroom,  who  married  Trieutie  Hendricks.  They  had  three  sons,  one 
Hendrick,  removed  to  the  Raritan  river  and  became  ancestor  of  the 
Vrooms  of  New  Jersey.  Governor  Peter  D.  Vroom  of  New  Jersey,  gradu- 
ated at  Columbia  College;  representative  in  Congress,  1839-41;  governor  of 
New  Jersey.  1829-32  and  again  1S33-6;  minister  to  Prussia  1853;  presi- 
dential elector  1856. 

Wabb,  Wetb,  Wabtb  -The  village  of  Waretown.  derives  its  name  from 
Abraham  Waeir,  who  was  born  about  1683,  and  died  1768.  He  was  a 
Rogerine  Baptist  and  it  is  supposed  he  came  to  Waretown  about  1737. 
There  were  several  of  the  family  who  subse  [uently  lived  at  Waretown, 
probably  his  sons  and  grandsons.  Reuben  YVaer  ami  Joseph  Wair  are 
named  in  surveys  on  Kettle  Creek  1799-1800,  and  thereabouts.  The 
family  is  said  to  lie  of  Scotch  origin.  The  first  perhaps  of  the  name  in 
this  country  were  Robert  Weir  and  w.  Mary  who  had  son  John,  born  in 
Boston,  Nov.  11,  1646. 

YVaixrioht — Thomas  Wainri>_;ht  was  among  the  number  of  those  who 
took  the  oath  of  allegiance  in  Shrewsbury,  1668.  In  1692,  Thomas  Wain- 
right,  carpenter,  bought  land  of  John  Johnson.  Among  taxpayers  m 
Shrewsbury  1764,  were  Thomas,  Thomas,  Jr..  Daniel  G.  and  Joseph  Wain- 
right.  In  the  Revolutionary  war,  members  of  this  family  were  active  in 
the  patriot  cause. 

Walker— George  Walker,  of  Freehold,  is  named  in  will  of  Richard 
Clarke,  1733.     In  1736  he  bought  land  of  Jonathan  Combs. 

AY  all —Walter  Wall  and  John  Wall  were  among  original  purchasers  of 
lauds  in  Monmoth,  ir>G7.  Walter  settle  1  at  Middletown  where  he  was 
awarded  town  lot  number  four  anil  also  a  share  of  outland  in  the  division 
recorded  1667.  He  had  been  one  of  the  original  settlers  of  Gravesend  L. 
I.  His  grandson,  Walter,  was  a  Baptist,  and  among  the  founders  (1705)  of 
the  church  of  that  faith  at  Middletown.  In  the  records  at  Freehold,  the 
next  named  of  this    family  was   Garret,  who   was  a  son  of  Walter.      He    is 


NEALOGIGAL    RECORD,  lxiii 

named  as  earlj  as  1676.  Be  d.  in  or  shortly  bef or  L713,  as  in  thai  year 
Buniphrej  Wall  was  a  taxpayer,  L731,  in  Upper  Freehold,  and  again  in 
In  1761  Garrel  and  Bumphre3  Wall  were  taxed  in  Middletown.  In 
Id,  L776,  John  Wall  was  taxed  In  L801  Bumphrej  Wall,  of  Mon- 
mouth, was  deceased.  The  will  of  John  Wall,  ol  Monmouth,  dated 
proved  1807,  divided  his  estate  into  four  parts.  It  named  children  and 
grandchildren.  Members  oi  the  Wall  family,  with  other  Jerseymen,  wenl 
to  Eastern  Pennsylvania  during  the  firsl  half  of  the  last  century.  The 
nam.'  Wall  occurs  anna.-:  early  sett  lcrs  of  New  England.  Thomas  Wall 
was  a  magistrate  in   West  <  unty,  Nev,  Xbrk.     The  Walls  were  an 

ancient,  honorable  family  in  England  with  branches  in  s<  reral  parts  ol  the 
kingdom. 

Wah.im..  Wallen  Gershom  Waning  took  up  land  from  proprietors 
L688.  The  same  year  Lis  cattle  mark  was  recorded  in  old  Middletown 
Town  Book.  The  firsl  of  the  name  Wallen  in  this  country  was  Ralph 
Wallen,  one  of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers,  who  cameto  Plymouth  1623  in  ship 
Ann  with  wife  Joyce,  who  survived  him.  [n  Middletown  among  taxpayers 
1 7*. l  were  Gershom,  Gershom,  Jr.,  James,  Thomas,  Thomas,  Jr  and  John 
Walling. 

Walton  John  and  Elisha  Walton  were  settled  in  Freehold  previous  to 
the  Revolution.  William  and  Jacob  Walton,  of  New  York,  had  morl 
on  Tinton  Falls  property  from  Vincent  Pearse  Ashfield  in  1770.  During 
the  Revolution  Elisha  was  a  major  in  the  militia; another  Elisha  was 
tain,  and  John  and  •'"ll  were  also  in  the  militia.  Elisha  Walton  was  mem- 
ber Assembly  1785  6  and  of  Council  1796  8,  and  Sheriff  L790  3.  William 
and  Jacob  Walton,  of  New-  York,  were  giandsons  of  William  Walton,  an 
eminent  New  York  merchant,  who  d.  May  23,  174",.  The  son  William 
ere, -ted  the  noted  Walton  House  on  Franklin  Square;  he  was  wealthy  and 
(1.  without  issue.  Another  family  of  Waltons  was  that  of  Thomas  Walton 
of  Staten  Island. 

Ward—  Marmaduke  Ward  was  one  of  the  original  purchasers  of  Land 
in  Monmouth,  1667.  In  the  old  Topanemus  grave  yard  is  a  tomb  stone  to 
the  memory  of  Anthony  Ward,  horn  in  Great  Britain,  who  died  L746,  aged 
76  years.  In  Shrewsbury,  among  persons  taxed  1764,  were  Ann  Ward, 
Stephen  Ward  and  Aaron  Ward. 

Wardell  Eliakim  Wardell  with  wife  Lydia  were  among  origin 
tiers  of  Monmouth,  named  in  1667.  He  was  a  Deputy  and  overseer  in 
Shrewsbury  1667,  and  chosen  associate  patentee  1670.  Under  Grants  and 
Concessions  he  had  a  warrant  for  himself  and  wife  tor  24(1  acres  and  also 
other  warrants  for  land.  He  was  the  first  High  Sheriff  of  Monmouth, 
after  the  county  was  established  1683.  He  is  frequently  named  in  records 
at  Freehold,  Trenton  and  Perth  Amboy.  It  is  said  that  Ehakim  Wardell 
lived  on  what  is  now  Monmouth  Beach.  Among  taxpayers  in  Shrewsbury 
township  1764  was  Jacob  Wardell. 

Wakfokd  John  Warford,  1714,  bought  land  from  James  Stout  and 
Elizabeth  his  wife.  In  1717,  he  and  wife  Elizabeth  sold  land  to  Daniel 
(lavton. 

'  Wvkne    Thomas  Warne  bought  lands  in  Monmouth  1689,  and  also 
1690.     In  1698,  he  was  elected  constable  but  refused  to  serve.     Thomas 


Warne,  died  Aug.  8,  1809,  aged  91  years,  11  months.  12  days. 

Wabneb— Ralph  Warner  was  a  witness  to  a  marriage  in  Shrewsbury 
1692.  He  was  a  son  of  Abigail  Scott  by  her  first  husband  and  probably 
came  from  Long  Island.  _ 

Watson  Peter  Watson  bought  land  of  William  Hoge  1715.  Ine 
same  year  Gawen  Watson  is  named  as -rand  juror.  The  will  of  Peter 
Watson,  of  Freehold,  dated  Feb.  25,  L726,  names  w.  Amies  and  sons  Wil- 
liam, Gawen  and  David.  In  Presbyterian  graveyard,  Middletown,  is  a 
tombstone  to  the  memory  of  Capt  Abraham  Watson,  who  d.  L756,  a.  over 
67  years. 


Ixiv  HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    ASD   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Webb  ( leorge  Webb  was  among  the  number  who  paid  for  land  in  the 
original  purchase  of  the  Indians  1667.  He  did  not  come  to  Monmouth. 
In  Ocean  county  Zebulon  Webb's  sawmill  was  quite  noted  the  latter  part  of 
last  century  and  subsequently.  James  Webb  was  m.  to  Jane  Lippencott 
June  31,  1801,  by  Daniel  Stout  of  Goodluck. 

Webley— Edward  Webley,  in  1686,  bought  land  of  an  Indian  Sachem 
of  Crosswicks.  He  sold  laud  to  Thomas  Webley  1686.  The  will  of  Thomas 
.Webley  was  dated  at  Shrewsbury,  Jan.  10,1698,  and  proved  March  29, 
1703. 

Wells,  Wills  Carvel  Wells  lived  near  oyster  Creek,  about  beginning 
of  present  century,  on  the  place  in  late  years  owned  by  James  Anderson. 
Wells  bought  the  place  of  James  Mills,  father  of  James  Mills,  of  Bamegat. 
Carvel  Wells  was  m.  to  Rebecca  Woodmansee,  May  3.  17H7.  His  will  was 
dated  1818  and  proved  May  of  same  year.  James  Wells,  the  father  of 
(  arvel,  lived  a  few  miles  back  of  Waretown  at  Wells'  Mills.  James  was  of 
Quaker  origin  and  during  the  war.  having  occasion  to  go  off  on  some  busi- 
ness, he  put  on  the  uniform  coat  of  an  American  soldier  which  had  been 
left  at  his  house.  This  came  near  causing  him  to  be  killed,  for  the  Refugee 
John  Bacon  saw  him  and  was  about  to  shoot  him,  when  he  discovered  who 
it  was.  He  was  well  acquainted  with  Wells  and  warned  him  not  to  try 
such  an  experiment  again. 

West--- There  was  a  John  West  who  m.  Anne  Rudyard,  dan.  of  the 
noted  Thomas  Rudyard.  The  latter  came  from  Staffordshire.  England,  to 
East  Jersey  in  16b2.  John  West  came  over  on  the  ship  Blossom,  which  ar- 
rived Aug.  7,  1678.  In  1693  Ann  West,  widow  of  John,  desired  proprietors 
to  confirm  her  title  to  her  deceased  husband's  lands  in  Somerset  county. 

White — Thomas  White  bought  land  of  Thomas  Potter  and  Judah 
Allen,  which  they  had  bought  of  Indians.  0th  month,  1675.  In  1685 
Samuel  White  is  named  as  administrator  of  Thomas  White.  The  will  of 
Thomas  White  was  dated  Shrewsbury,  Nov.  9,  1712,  and  proved  Dec.  4, 
1712.  William  White  was  grand  juror  1678.  In  171  1  George  Allen  deeded 
land  to  William  White,  of  New  York. 

Wmn.orK  Under  Grants  and  Concessions  from  Proprietors,  Thomas 
Whitlock.  in  1675,  made  claim  for  himself,  wife  and  three  sons,  for  120 
acres  per  head— 600  acres.  This  is  perhaps  the  earliest  date  named  of  a 
settler  being  m  Monmouth.  Others  claimed  to  have  settled  the  following 
year.  There  was  a  John  Whitlock  who  settled  at  Ten  Mile  Run  in  Mid- 
dlesex county,  1766;  and  a  Moses  Whitlock  in  same  vicinity  who  married 
Catharine  Barkalow  about  same  time.  In  the  Revolution,  James  Whitlock 
was  major,  Ephraim  and  John  lieutenants,  and  James  and  Lockhart,  pri- 
vates. A  number  of  the  family  are  named  among  tax  payers  in  Freehold 
township,   177(i. 

Wtlbtjb — Samuel  and  Leah  Wilbur  were  witnesses  to  a  marriage  in 
Friends'  Meeting,  Shrewsbury,  in  1714.  Leah  Wilbur  was  m.  to  James 
Tucker  in  Friends'  Meeting,  Shrewsbury,  in  1717. 

Samuel  Wilbur,  of  Portsmouth,  R.  I.,  had  dau.  Mary,  who  m.  a 
Samuel  Forman.  Perhaps  he  was  the  same  Samuel  Forman,  with  w.  Mary, 
named  in  Freehold  records  1699  ami  thereabouts.  John  Wilbur,  an  aged 
citizen  of  Cedar  ('reek,  who  d  about  1850,  was  son  of  another  John  who 
lived  near  Toms  River. 

Winner.  Winnow — John  Winnow's  (or  Winner's)  house  is  named  in  a 
survey  1790  between  North  and  Middle  branches  Forked  River  on  main 
road  from  Goodluck  to  Egg  Harbor.  Jonathan  Winner  lived  at  same  place 
at  a  little  later  date.  Jonathan  was  m.  to  Sarah  Predmore,  July  28,  1800. 
His  dau.  or  sister  Mary  m.  Samuel  Worden,  who  d.  in  1812;  she  d.  in  1828 
a.  59  years.  King  Winnei  of  Toms  Fiver,  a  coasting  captain,  went  West. 
probably  to  San  Francisco,  about  forty  years  ago. 

Wing  Jerusha  Wing  m.  Thomas  Eaton,  firsl  of  the  family  in  Mon- 
mouth. She  was  a  widow  and  had  previously  m.  Joseph  Win-,  of  Sand- 
wich. Mass..  by  whom  she  had  two  children.  Joseph  and  Jane.  Her 
maiden  name  was  Mayhew  and  she  is  supposed  to  have  been  dau.  of 
Thomas  Mayhew,    of  Massachusetts.     The  first    of   the   Wing   family   in 


ciKNKALOGICAL   IiECOItD. 


lxv 


New  England    was  John,  who  had  son  John,  who  bad  bod  Joseph,  who 
in.  Jerusha  Mayhew,  April  12,  1672. 

Wii  kins  The  will  of  William  Wilkins,  oi  Monmouth,  was  dated  Nov. 
[g  [732  and  proved  Jan  22,1732.  [t  names  w.  Alice  and  eight  children. 
There  was  a  William  Wilkins  who  settled  at  Giavesend,  L646;  the  William 
of  Monmouth  was  his  son.  He  bought  land  in  Middletownof  Richard 
Eartshome  Dec.  1.  1699.  In  Burlington  count}  there  was  a  Thomas  Wil- 
kins. In  Dpper  Freehold  L731,  William  and  Wuham,  Jr.,  and  Obadiab 
Wilkins  are  named.  ,  __..,  ,. 

WiMi-rr  Willetts  Wn. lis  The  cattle  mark  oi  Samuel  Wulett  is 
given  1676  in  the  old  Middletown  Town  Book.  In  1678,  he  had  warrant 
For  120  acres  of  land  for  himself  and  wife  in  Shrewsbury  from  Pr°P™t°rs. 
He  is  named  as  an  innholder  at  Wakake  about  1700.  rimothy  Willetts 
bought  of  John  Beid,  one  quarter  of  one  twenty-fourth  of  a  Proprietary, 
and  in  171"-.  LOO  acres  were  surveyed  on  Metetecunk Baver.  Ineume 
Timothy  Willetts  is  named  as  owner  of  a  large  share  of  Poplar 
Swamp  In  1723  Joseph  Willetts  was  an  executor  oi  the  estate  of  Stepnen 
BirdsaU  JohnWillets,  son  of  Stephen  and  Lydia,  was  the  well  remem- 
bered justice  of  the  peace  and  judge,  residing  at  West  Creek.  He  was  horn 
April  22  1797  He  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  in  the  ruckerton 
company  He  was  an  arrive  member  and  a  local  preacher  in  the  Metho- 
dist church;  a  judge  of  the  court  before  Ocean  was  set  off  from  Monmouth 
and  tor  a  long  time  was  considered  the  most  prominent  man  in  West 
Creek  He  married,  March  11,  1819,  Hannah,  dau.  of  Arthur  and  Eliza- 
beth Thompson  of  Quaker  Bridge,  by  whom  he  bad  ten  children,  four  sons 

and  six  daughters.  ie_rJ    . 

Williams— Thomas  Williams  had  a  patent  from  Proprietors ,  lb < i,  tor 
60  acres  oi  land.  John  Williams  had  patent,  1681;  Edward  Williams  had 
patent  1687  The  estate  of  John  Williams,  a  loyalist,  was  confiscated 
and  bought  by  Hugh  Newell,  in  1779.  The  deed  for  this  was  not  recorded 
until  1826.  Members  of  the  family  early  settled  in  old  Dover  township, 
now  in  Ocean  county.  _       1  _ 

Williamson— John  Williamson  was  granted  a  tract  of  land,  Oct  lb, 
1675.  His  cattle  mark  was  recorded  July  27,  1682.  Elbert  Williamson, 
1736,  bought  land  of  John  Burnet,  Freehold. 

Wilson— John  Wilson  was  one  of  the  original  purchasers  of  land 
of  the  Indians  named  1667,  and  he  was  awarded  town  lot  No.  3  at  Middle- 
town  and  also  outlands.  In  1670  he  was  chosen  deputy.  He  is  frequently 
named  subsequently.  The  will  of  John  Wilson,  of  Freehold,  was  dated 
Marchl  1732  and  proved  March  30,  1734.  It  refers  to  wife  and  children, 
but  d.  >es  n<  ,t  give  their  names.     He  d.  in  1827,  aged  oyer  80  years. 

Winder— Samuel  Winder  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Thomas  Kudyard.  lhe 
latter  came  to  New  Jersey  in  1682,  bringing  his  two  daughters,  Margaret 
and  Anne  with  him.     Anne  m.  John  West. 

Wintbe— William  Winter,  cordwainer,  in  1690,  bought  land  from 
Benjamin  and  wife  Abigail  Borden.     In  Middletown,  1761,  James  Winters 

was  a  tax  payer.  ,         ...  ■.         i 

Wintebton— Thomas  Winterton  was  among  the  original  number  wbo 
were  awarded  shares  of  land  in  1667.  He  was  a  Deputy  of  Shrewsbury, 
1668.  In  1677,  Sarah  Reape  took  up  240  acres  of  land  in  right  of  lnonias 
Winterton  and  wife.  ..».■.  ■,      -i  c  -d 

Wolcott  Woolcutt— Samuel  Woolcutt  and  wife  had  land  from  Pro- 
prietors 1677;  also  a  patent  1681.  In  1688,  May  10,  the  Proprietors  con- 
firmed title  for  160  acres  in  Shrewsbury,  to  Samuel  Woolcutt  or  his  heirs, 
as  he  was  then  deceased.  His  will  was  dated  May  7,  1687,  proved  Oct  10, 
1687  The  grist  mill  at  Eatontown,  it  is  said,  was  once  owned  by  Peter 
Wolcott  who  erected  the  present  mill:  Wolcott  was  a  carpenter  and  also 
kept  a  store.  He  was  father  of  the  late  Henry  W.  Wolcott  who  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature,  1840. 

Wood-  John  Wood  was  among  the  number  who  paid  tor  a  share  of 
land  in  the  original  purchase  of  the  Indians.  1667.  He  was  of  Newport, 
Rhode  Island. 


Ixvi        HISTORY   OF  MONMOUTJI   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Woodmansee,  W( mancy    The  ancestor  of   the  Woodmansee  family 

of  Ocean  county  was  Thomas,  who  was  settled  in  old  Monmouth  county 

at  Last  as  iail\  as  1704.  He  was  a  son  of  Gabriel  Woodmansee  of  New 
London,  Conn.,  who  bought  laud  there  1665.  He  d.  1686.  He  had  son 
Thomas,  who  came  to  old  Shrewsbury  township,  N.  J.,  and  Joseph  ami 
Gabriel.  He  had  also  a  daughter  who  married  and  Left  descendants. 
David,  son  of  Thomas,  was  settled  at  or  near  Forked  River  as  early  as 
174!).     Samuel  Woodmansee  and  w.  Abigail  settled  in  Ohio  about  1818  or 

1819,  and   their  son,  George   Woodmansee.,  was  1>    at  New   Lexington  in 

1820.  Frauds  Woodmansee.  son  of  Samuel,  had  one  son  Joseph,  and  both 
were  among  early  emigrants  to  Ohio.  They  settled  between  New  Lexing- 
ton and  Vienna,  where  Francis  took  up  some  1600  acres  of  land  at  about 
$10  or  $1 5  per  acre,  most  of  which  was  worth  before  he  died,  $50  or  $75 
per  acre.  He  had  been  a  prosperous  vessel  owner  at  Forked  River,  and 
took  out  with  him,  it  is  supposed,  some  $50,000  in  cash.  Joseph,  son  of 
Francis  and  Hannah  Woodmansee,  d.  Nov.  1,  1868,  aged  nearly  62  years. 
His  wife,  Abigail,  d.  April  1(5,  1875,  aged  66  yrs.  A  fine  monument  to 
their  memory  is  erected  in  the  cemetery  at  Vienna,  Clinton  county,  Ohio. 
Reuben  Woodmansee's  son  John  and  w.  Harriet  had  several  children,  one 
of  whom  m.  Newell  Parker,  son  of  ex-Sheriff  Joseph  Parker  of  Forked 
River.  Reuben  Woodmansee  died,  it  is  supposed,  about  1808.  His  widow 
subsequently  m.  Jesse  A.  Woodmansee  and  had  two  children. 

Woodrow — Henry  Woodrow  of  Freehold,  sold  land  in  Upper  Freehold 
to  Hugh  Cowperthwaite,  in  1749. 

Woodward — Anthony  Woodward  is  frequently  named  in  ancient 
Monmouth  records  about  the  beginning  of  the  last  century.  He  was  of 
Freehold  township  in  1700.  In  1704,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Provincial 
Legislature  from  the  county,  and  was  also  a  justice  or  assistant  judge  of 
the  court,  1704-8  and  therabouts.  Among  tax  payers  in  Upper  Freehold 
in  1731,  were  Joseph,  William,  Thomas  and  Widow  Woodward  Anthony 
Woodward,  named  above,  was  the  founder  of  the  New  Jersey  family  of 
Woodward,  was  born  in  Derbyshire,  England,  1657.  He  came  to  America 
in  or  shortly  after  1682,  and  at  length  settled  in  New  Jersey. 

Woolley — Emanuel  Woolley  is  the  tirst  of  this  name  mentioned  in 
Freehold  records.  He  was  among  the  number  who  paid  for  and  was 
awarded  a  share  of  land  in  Monmouth,  1667.  He  belonged  to  Newport, 
R.  I.,  where  he  was  freeman,  1655.  He  did  not  settle  in  Monmouth,  and 
as  some  of  his  children  came  to  the  county  it  is  presumed  his  share  of 
land  came  into  their  possession.  The  sons  Edward,  William  and  John  are 
supposed  to  be  the  persons  of  these  names  who  subsequently  married  in 
Monmouth. 

Worth — William  Worth  had  warrant  for  land,  1681,  from  Proprietors. 
M<  irris  Worth  had  warrant  for  land  same  year.  In  1687,  William  Worth, 
planter,  Shrewsbury,  had  warrant  for  50  acres  on  Rumsons  Neck;  also  for 
100  acres  on  Burlington  Path.  Edward  Worth  was  a  tax  payer  in  Shrews- 
bury, 1764.  The  name  Worth  appear*  earlier  in  Middlesex  thau  in  Mon- 
mouth. Richard  Worth  was  one  of  the  original  settlers  of  Woodbridge; 
John  was  a  member  of  Provincial  Assembly,  1691).  In  Shrewsbury,  1764, 
Edward  Worth  was  a  tax  payer. 

Worthley—  John  Worthley  of  Shrewsbury,  had  warrant  for  158  acres 
from  Proprietors,  1679.  Richard  Worthley  'was  taxed  in  Shrewsbury, 
1764. 

Wokden,  Warden— Penelope  Warden  was  licensed  to  m.  David  Wood- 
mansee Dec.  21,  1744.  Hannah  Warden  was  licensed  to  m.  James  Wood- 
mansee Oct.  5,  1758.  David  and  James  Woodmansee  lived  in  the  present 
township  of  Lacey.  "Samuel  Warden's  works"  are  mentioned  in  a  survey 
to  Jacob  Lawrence  of  land  fifteen  chains  below  North  Branch  Forked 
River  on  south  side,  in  1754.  Samuel  Warden's  works  were  probably  salt 
works.  Previous  to  this,  the  name  of  Warden  appears  at  Perth  Amboy. 
There  was  a  Peter  Warden  of  Piscataway,  1743,  and  a  Peter  Worden  of 
Somerset,  who  in  1775  made  will.  There  was  a  Sarah  Worden  who  was 
m.  to  Thomas  Casner   in  Stafford    township  by  Amos  Pharo  about  1800, 


<;i:\rEALOGICAL   RECORD.  lxvii 

One  of  the  first,  probably  the  first  of  the  Worden  family  in  America,  wai 
Peter  Worden,  who,H  is  supposed,  came  from  Clayton,  Lancashire,  Eng- 
land, and  weni  to  Lynn,  Mass.,  and  from  thence  to  Yarmouth,  Barnstable 
county,  in  the  same  State.  His  will  was  dated  Feb.  9,  1638,  and  proved 
March  5th,  1638.  Admiral  John  Lorimer  Worden,  the  hero  of  the  battle 
between  the  Monitor  and  Merrimac,  was  b.  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  in  West  Ches- 
ter county,  Ne^  York,  March  12,1818.  He  was  son  of  Ananias  Worden, 
who  was  son  of  George  Worden.  Admiral  Worden  lias  a  marked  resem- 
blance to  some  of  the  Worden  family  of  Ocean  county. 

Wyckoff,  Wykoff  Peter  Wyckoff,  and  others  of  Platlands,  bought, 
March  LO,  1685,  of  John  Bowne,  500  acres  of  land  in  Monmouth,  which 
Bowne  had  received  from  proprietors  for  grants  and  concessions.  The 
common  ancestor  of  the  Wyckoff  family  was    Peter  Claesz,  who  emigrated 

i  i the  Netherlands  in  1636  and  finally  settled  in  Flatlands,  L.  I.     ll>   oa. 

Grietje,  dan.  of   Hendrick    Van  Ness.    Among  taxpayers   in   Middletown, 
1761,  was  John  Wyckoff;  in  Shrewsbury,  1764,  Peter  Wyckoff. 

Yard  John  Yard  was  a  witness,  1717,  6th  of  9th  mo.,  to  marriage  of 
Daniel  Tilton  to  Elizabeth  Powell,  both  of  Monmouth,  at  Friends'  Meet- 
ing House,  Shrewsbury.  William  H.  Yard  whs  taxed  in  Upper  Freehold 
in  1758.  William  Yard,  ancestor  of  this  family,  came  from  Exeter,  in  Dev- 
onshire, England,  about  1688,  and  settled  first  in  Philadelphia  and  after- 
wards at  Trenton,  lie  had  four  sons,  two  of  whom,  Joseph  and  William, 
accompanied  him  to  Trenton.  It  was  at  one  time  proposed  to  call  this 
place  Yardtown  hut  finally  Trentstown,  since  shortened  to  Trenton,  was 
settled  upon.  The  son  William  had  five  children.  The  name  Yard  was 
originally  DeYrarde,  and  the  family  is  very  ancient  in  Devonshire,  and  it  is 
said  the  founder  came  over  with  the  Normans.  In  the  Cromwrell  wars, 
John  Yard,  a  valiant  gentleman,  is  noted  in  the  chronicles  of  Devonshire 
for  his  heroism  in  leading  Lord  Gray's  forces  across  a  bridge  in  the  face 
of  the  enemy.  The  original  surname  of  this  family,  De  YTard,  suggests 
that  its  founder  was  a  superintendent  of  the  grounds  or  yard,  or  perhaps 
quartermaster  of  a  castle  or  place  occupied  by  soldiers. 

[Note— Among  Mr.  Salter's  voluminous  papers,  the  following  additional  genealogical 
notes  under  the  letters  H,  I,  J,  K  and  P,  were  not  discovered  until  after  the  princi- 
pal portion  of  the  record  had  been  printed.     They  are  herewith  inserted.] 

Haundell,  Horndell,  Harndale  -John  Haundell  was  among  original 
purchasers  of  land  16G7.  He  was  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  and  he  sold  his  share 
of  land  to  Sarah  Reape,  Dec.  8,  1674.  His  will,  1685,  named  two  married 
daughters,  Mary  and  Rebecca.  The  name  properly  seems  to  have  been 
Horndell,  but  it  is  given  as  Haundell,  Harndale,  Hemdell  and  Harnden. 

Hearse — Thomas  Hearse  lived  in  old  Shrewsbury.  In  1691  he  sold 
lands  at  Shark  River,  to  Thomas  Webley.  His  will  was  dated  Jan.  26, 
1714,  and  directs  that  the  house  and  lands  wherein  he  lived  should  not  be 
sold,  but  left  for  the  use  of  the  poor  of  Shrewsbury,  or  for  a  school  house, 
as  the  justices  of  the  peace  shall  determine.  His  w.  Priscilla  was  .also  de- 
vised property  but  as  executrix  to  take  advice  on  business  of  Jennett  Lip- 
pencott  and  Elizabeth  Worthley;  bequests  to  these  women  and  to  others 
were  made. 

Hebron,  Hepburn — In  1705  John  Hebron  of  Freehold,  sold  land  to 
Peter  Vandeventer  of  Middletown.  In  1709  he  is  named  as  a  commis- 
sioner.    In  1714  John  Hepburn  was  named  as  a  commissioner. 

Hedden — Marcus  Hedden's  or  Hedding's  dam  is  named  on  Toms 
River  1748.  In  Christ  Church  burying  ground  in  Middletown,  are  tomb- 
stones to  the  memory  of  Jonathan  Headden,  who  d.  April  15,  1862,  a.  82 
yrs.,  2  mos.  11  hays;  Mary,  his  w\,  b.  Aug.  5,  1791,  died  April  28,  1847. 
And  to  their  daus.  Esther,  who  d.  1843,  Caroline,  1841,  and  Mary,  1846. 
At  Freehold  are  records  of  deeds  from  Marcus  Hedden  and  w.  Esther  of 
Middletown.  In  Stafford  township  Jonathan  Headden  bought  land  in  1800 
of  Luke  Corteney  and  wife.  In  1790,  Sarah  Heady  bought  land  of  John 
Collins  and  wife.  The  Hedden  family  seems  to  have  been  quite  numerous 
in  Morris  county. 


lxviii      HISTOBY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Hellens  —  Nicholas  Hellene  bought  land  of  Ambrose  Stelle  of  Freehold, 
1715. 

Hendebson— In  the  old  Scotch  burying  ground  is  a  tombstone  to  the 
memory  of  Michael  Henderson  who  d.  Aug.  23d;  1722;  also  to  John  Ben- 
derson  who  d.  Jan.  1st,  1771,  in  his  seventy-fourth  year.  John  Bender- 
son  was  chosen  clerk  of  the  old  Scotch  Presbyterian  Church,  June  9th, 
1730.  In  174(>,  he  is  named  as  an  elder  in  the  Freehold  Presbyterian 
Church.  The  church  edifice  now  known  as  the  Tennent  church  was  built 
in  1753  and  in  175-1  the  pews  were  sold  and  John  Henderson  paid  CJfi  for 
pew  number  six.  Among  interments  of  Revolutionary  soldiers  in  the 
old  Tennent  burying  ground  were  those  of  Captain  John  Henderson,  and 
Lieutenant  Colonel  Thomas  Henderson.  This  family  was  of  Scotch  origin 
and  many  descend  from  the  John  Henderson  who  came  over  in  the  ship 
Henry  and  Francis  in  lf>85.  In  Freehold,  177c,  among  persons  assessed 
were  Dr.  Thomas  aud  Captain  John  Henderson  and  Samuel  Henderson. 
Members  of  this  family  were  active  in  the  Revolution. 

Bendmckson  -Daniel  Hendrickson  and  John  Gibbonson  (Guiberson), 
of  Flatbush,  L.  L,  in  1693,  deeded  land  to  William  Whitlock.  Hendrick 
Hendrickson  was  juror,  1699.  Daniel  is  named  in  court  proceedings,  1700. 
He  was  high  sheriff  in  the  county  about  17<l7,  the  first  Dutchman  ap- 
pointed to  this  office.  In  the  records  of  the  old  Brick  Church,  Marl- 
borough, David  Hendrickson  and  w.  Katrink  Van  Dyke,  and  William  Hen- 
drickson and  w.  are  named  among  original  members,  1709.  <  lerrit  Hen- 
drickson was  an  early  treasurer  of  sane  church.  The  name  Hendrickson 
occurs  at  an  early  date  among  settlers  of  New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York, 
and  on  Lorn,'  Island.  In  the  records  of  the  old  Dutch  Ref<  irmed  <  lunch,  New 
York,  Jeurgie  Hendrickzen  was  witness  to  a  baptism,  1640.  Daniel  Hen- 
drickson, the  first  of  this  family  named  in  Monmouth  records,  was  said  to 
be  of  Flatbush,  L.  I.,  1693.  Tobias  Hendrickson  was  an  active  business 
man  at  Toms  River  about  the  time  of  the  Revolution,  owning  saw  mills, 
etc.  He  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  John  Coward.  Tobias  S.  Hendrickson  m. 
Margaret  Herbert,  dau.  of  Joseph.  She  was  b.  Jan.  27th.  1802.  They 
had  children,  Peter  Perrine,  Alchee,  Samuel  T.,  T.  Conover  and  J.  Holmes. 
David  V.  Hendrickson,  b.  1823,  m.  Catharine  E.  Perrine,  dau.  of  William 
I.  They  had  children,  Charles,  William  P.  and  Catharine.  He  d.  Feb. 
20th,  18f>3,  and  his  w.  Catharine  m.  second  husband  Joseph  Dey  and  she 
d.  1883.  A  Monmouth  tradition  says  that  the  William  Hendricks,  first 
named  in  Monmouth,  had  two  grandsons  who  settled  in  Eastern  Pennsyl- 
vania and  that  from  one  of  these  descended  the  late  Vice  President, 
Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  of  Indiana.  Hon.  William  Hendricks  once  in  Con- 
gress from  Indiana,  and  an  uncle  of  the  late  Vice  President,  was  born  in 
Westmoreland  county,  Pa.,  1783,  and  moved  to  Indiana  in  1814 

Hepbuen—  John  Hepburn  was  named  as  a  commissioner  in  1714.  The 
name  Hepburn  occurs  as  a  land  and  mill  owner  in  Ocean  county,  in  sur- 
veys two  or  three  generations  later. 

Hebbebt,  Habbebt,  Haebob — Bridgett  Herbert  made  an  agreement  to 
rent  house  and  land  in  Middletown,  of  Edward  Smith,  March  25,  1671. 
Thomas  Herbert,  yeoman,  of  Middletown,  had  warrant  for  131  acres  of 
land  in  1676,  and  132  acres  in  1677.  In  1695-8,  Thomas  Herbert  was  col- 
lector of  Middletown.  In  1703  Walter  Herbert,  of  Shrewsbury,  deeded 
land  to  his  loving  brother  Henry,  of  Middletown.  In  1732  Henry  Herbert 
bought  land  at  "Barnegat  on  Metetecunk,"  of  William  Marsh  and  others. 
Among  soldiers  in  the  Revolutionary  army  were  James,  Daniel,  John  and 
Thomas  Herbert,  of  Monmouth,  and  Obadiah,  Robert  and  Edward  Herbert 
(or  Harbert)  of  Middlesex,  and  Samuel  Herbert,  county  not  named.  Hon. 
John  W.  Herbert,  of  Marlborough,  gives  his  line  of  descent  as  follows: 
( )badiah,  one  of  the  nine  children  of  <  Jbadiah  Herbert  and  w.  Hannah  Law- 
rence, m.  in  1765,  Elizabeth,  granddaughter  of  Thomas  Warne,  and  had 
three  sons,  John,  William  and  Obadiah,  and  two  daughters,  Sarah  and 
Elizabeth.  The  son  William,  b.  1771,  in  Middlesex  county,  married,  in 
1801,  Eleanor  Conover,  dau.  of  Benjamin,  and  had  children  Obadiah,  Con- 
over,  William  W.,  John  W.,  Abby  E.,  Hannah  E.,  who  m.  Garret  Cottrell, 


GENEALOGICAL  RECORD.  lxix 

and  Eleanor.    John  W.  Herberl  m,  in  1857  Agnes  I  >.  Wright,  dan.  of  Sa 
Wright.     Conover  Berber!  tn.    Ehzabeth,  dau,  of  David  Provosl  and  had 
several  children. 

Beughes    Abner  Beughes  is  named  as  a  defendanl  in  Land  trials  1701. 

Heydeb  William  Heyder  had  warrant  for  60  acres  of  land  in  Shrews- 
bury 1676. 

Bicb  Benjamin  Hick  is  named  as  both  plaintiff  and  defendanl  in 
suits  L689.  Joseph  Bickke  is  called  brother  by  Priscilla  Bearse,  in  her 
will  1720.  .Mrs.  Sarah  Reape  became  possessor  of  the  share  of  land  in 
Monmouth  of  <  rabriel  Hicks. 

Bigham  Thomas  Higham  was  m.  1696  by  Peter  Tilton  to  .lane  Sad- 
ler, widow  nt  Richard  Sadler. 

Biggens  Richard  Biggens,  deceased,  left  widow  Phebe  of  Essex 
county,  ami  letters  of  administration  were  granted  to  Peter  He  ('mite, 
physician,  of  Monmouth.  Thomas  Biggens'  will,  1702,  is  among  Middle- 
sex unrecorded  wills  filed  in  Secretary  of  state's  office,  Trenton. 

Bigbee  Edward  Bigbee,  of  Middletown,  in  will  dated  Aug.  21,  1716, 
names  suns  and  daughters.     It  is  said  that   Edward  Bigbie  m.  a  dan.  of 

Thomas  Skid re,  of  Lone  [sland  or  Connecticut.     An  Edward  Bigbie,  of 

Burlington  county,  one  of  the  sons,   probably,   was  appointed  his  admin- 
istrator 

Hilbokne  —  Thomas  Bilborne  had  patent  for  laud  from  proprietors 
1681.  In  1694  he  is  named  as  a  grand  juror.  Ho  m.  Ehzabeth  Batton,  a 
widow,  in  Shrewsbury,  12th  of  10th  mo.,  Hiss. 

Hoff — John  Hoff,  single  man,  was  taxed  1761,  in  Middletown.  In 
1793  .John  Hoff  and  Helena,  his  w.,  deeded  land  to  Thomas  Stout.  It  is 
said  that  John  Hoff  was  a  son  of  William  Hoff,  and  that  his  w.  Helena  was 
dau.  of  John  Stout,  and  great-granddaughter  of  Richard  and  Penelope 
Stout,  founders  of  the  Stout  family  in  New  Jersey.  John  Hoff  and 
Hellenah,  his  wife,  had  eight  children.  Leonard,  the  eldest,  was  killed 
during  the  Revolutionary  war.  He  was  shot  by  a  Tory  named  John  Tilton, 
in  May,  1778,  after  he  had  surrendered  as  a  prisoner  of  war.  The  Hoff 
family  were  early  settlers  of  the  north-eastern  part  of  the  State.  The  will 
of  Tunis  Hoff  of  Somerset  was  dated  1733.  Members  of  this  family  of 
Somerset  and  Hunterdon,  were  soldiers  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  The 
Hoff  family  are  of  Dutch  origin,  and  their  name  first  appears  in  Long 
Island  records  as  Haff  or  Haf. 

Hoffmiee—  In  records  of  marriages  in  Middletown  Town  Book  is  the 
following:  Joshua  Silverwood  and  Mary  Hofmer  were  m.  at  Ry,  (Rye?)  by 
Joseph  Horten,  magistrate  of  ye  fore  said  town  of  Ricy,  this  5th  of  Janu- 
ary, 1679."  The  will  of  Samuel  Hoffmire  of  Middletown,  dated  Nov.  24th, 
1710,  was  proved  June  3d,  1712. 

Boge — William  Hoge  is  named  as  a  grand  juror,  1700;  in  1710,  he  is 
named  as  of  Freehold  in  a  deed  from  him  to  Peter  Watson.  He  Mas  prob- 
ably of  Scotch  origin,  some  of  the  name  being  mentioned  among  Scotch 
who  were  supposed  to  have  come  to  Perth  Amboy. 

Holman — The  first  of  this  family  name  in  Freehold  records  was  Sam- 
uel Boleman  or  Bollman,  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  who  was  among  the  original 
purchasers,  1667.  In  the  division  of  town  lots  at.  Middletown,  recorded 
Dec.  30th,  1667,  he  was  given  lot  number  thirteen  and  also  an  outlot  same 
number  He  did  not  however  settle  in  Monmouth.  The  first  of  this 
name  who  settled  in  Monmouth  was  Robert  Holman  who  bought  land  of 
Daniel  Estile,  1689.  Joseph  Holman  of  Upper  Freehold,  left  will  dated 
Sept.  loth.  1740,  proved  Sept.  26th,  1741;  it  named  w.  Thamson,  six  sons 
and  four  dans.  In  1801,  April  15th,  Robert  Holman  m.  Elizabeth  Haw- 
son.  The  first  of  the  name  of  Holman  who  came  to  America  was  Edward, 
who  had  land  granted  to  him  at  Plymouth,  1623. 

Horajiin— John  Horabin  was  among  original  purchasers,  1667.  He  is 
named  as  a  defendant  in  court,  1675,  and  his  cattle  mark  was  recorded  in 
the  old  Middletown  Town  Rook. 

HoBNDELIi-  John  Horndell,  or  Haundell  paid  for  a  share  of  land,  1667. 
He  was  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  and  he  sold  his   share  to  Sarah  Reape,  Dec.  8th, 


lxx  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND    OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

1674.     He  was  a  freeman  of  Newport,  1656,  andhis  "ill  was  dated  New- 
port, 1685. 

Hobnfdxl  -The  will  of  Richard  HornfuU,  of  Upper  Freehold,  dated 
1806,  proved  same  year,  named  w.  Sarah.  Bona  John,  William  and  EzekieL 
and  daughters  .Martha  and  Elizabeth. 

Horner— John  Horner  and  w.  Mary,  of  Tadeaster,  in  Yorkshire,  Eng- 
land, in  1683  cam.-  to  America,  and  they  and  Isaac  Homer  were  settled  in 
Burlington  county  1685.  Richard  Horner,  who  lived  near  Hainesville,  had 
sons  Benjamin,  Richard,  Joseph,  Merritt,  David  and  Isaac.  The  son  Ben- 
jamin m.  Hannah,  dan.  of  John  Hainmel,  and  one  of  their  sons,  Hon. 
George  D.  Horner,  represented  Ocean  county  in  the  State  Senate  for  six 
years.  He  resides  at  New  Egypt  and  is  a  well-known  Professor  of  the 
Academy  at  that  place.  Some  members  of  this  family  owned  farms  near 
Hornerstown,  from  whom  many  years  ago  the  village  derived  its  name.  Of 
this  family  was  Judge  Alexander  Horner,  of  Camden.  Thirty-eight  of  this 
family  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army. 

Horsman— Marmaduke  Horsman  i-<  named  in  a  mad  survey,  17ns. 
Amon«  tax  payers  in  Upper  Freehold,  1731.  were  Marmaduke  Horsman 
and  Samuel  Horsman. 

Howard — The  first  of  this  name  in  old  Monmouth  was  Matthias 
Howard,  who,  with  his  w.  Hester,  lived  at  Polland  Point  They  were 
among  the  first  settlers  there,  as  Henry  Percy  deeded  land  to  him  May  16th, 
1669.  Wright  Soper  who  d.  near  Bamegat  about  1*31,  m.  Elizabeth 
Howard,  who,  it  is  said,  was  of  the  Burlington  family  of  Howards.  The 
Howards  were  an  ancient  family  on  Long  Island.  William  Howard,  the 
founder,  settled  at  New  Lotts.  He  bought  land  1699.  He  lived  to  be  a 
century  old.     He  had  w.  Abigail  and  four  children. 

Hubbard— James  Hubbard,  the  hist  of  this  family  who  settled  in 
Monmouth,  was  named  in  census  of  Gravesend,  Long  Island,  1698;  shortly 
after  this  he  left  and  settled  in  Middletown,  where  he  purchased  land.  In 
1710  he  bought  land  of  James  Cox.  late  of  Middletown,  now  of  Freehold; 
in  1711  he  was  justice.  In  1721  Major  James  Hubbard  sold  land  to  Aaron 
Flyhowart  or  Frythowart,  weaver.  His  will  was  dated  Jan.  30,  1719, 
proved  Jan.  1»'>,  1724;  it  named  w.  Rachel,  son  James  and  daughters.  The 
son  James,  named  in  the  will,  it  is  said,  was  an  imbecile  ami  d.  17ol  with- 
out issue,  hence  the  father  has  no  descendants  bearing  the  name  of  Hub- 
bard. The  Hubbards  of  old  Monmouth  descend  from  Samuel,  a  brother 
of  the  first  James  of  Monmouth,  who  had  a  son  also  named  James,  b.  June 
is,  17U6,  who  m.  Sept.,  172'.).  Alive  Ryder  and  had  children.  The  follow- 
ing curious  entry  was  copied  from  Lib.  3  of  Gravesend  records,  by  the  late 
Hon.  T.  G.  Bergen  : 

"The  record  of  mee  James  Hubbard:  To  Certifie  mine  or  any  other 
of  his  brethren  William:  John:  Henry  and  Margret  wth  him  selve  ye 
vouugest  of  leaven  sonns  and  Dafters;  Vet  butt  five  known  of  here  of  our 

-  Henry  Hubbard  and  our  mother  Margrett;  of  ye  Towne  of  Langham: 
in  ye  Countye  of  Ruttland,  yeaman;  stands  upon  ye  record  of  ye  regester 
To" l>e  ye  123:  Generation;  As  i  have  receved  by  letters  in  ye  yeare  1669:  & 
my  children  wth  ye  Rest  of  my  Bretherens  children  are  ye  121:  Generation: 
wch  I,  James  Hubbard  of  Ora'vesend  on  ye  wester  end  of  long  He  land  de- 
sired To  have  Recorded  on  ye  Tunies  Register  of  Gravesend:  for  his  Chil- 
dren To  add  A  to  have  respect  unto:  for  there  better  knowledge  of  There 
Relations  in  ye  parts  of  Urope  ye  land  of  England  in  Cass  of  There 
Tra veils  To  Those  parts." 

Of  the  eleven  children  ot  Henry  and  Margaret  Hubbard  of  Langham, 
Rutlandshire,  England,  William,  John,  Henry,  Margaret,  and  James,  who 
was  the  youngest,  came  to  America. 

Hubbs—  Joseph  Hubbs  is  named  as  defendant  1689.  Charles  Hubbs 
of  Madnan's  Neck,  Long  Island,  bought  land  of  Caleb  Shreve,  of  Freehold. 
1699.  Charles  Hubbs  was  a  grand  juror  1720,  and  the  same  year  Robert 
Hubbs  was  shot  at  by  an  Indian. 

Huddt — Captain  Joshua  Huddy  who  had  command  of  the  Block 
House,  Toms  River,  in  1782,  was  a  captain  in  the  Militia,   1777,  in  which 


GENEALOGICAL   RECORD.  l\x.i 

s  authorized  to  raise  a  company  of  artillery.     In    177s.   he   was 
stationed  at  Haddonfield,  and  tin-  following  year  he  was  in  -«  rvic<  is 
month.     He   was  inhumanly  hanged  by  the   B  \ j >ri  1  12th,  1782 

Hi  left  a  widow  and  two  children   Elizabeth   auil   Martha.     Martha   in.    a, 
Pratt  and  went  West  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  ras  living  in  18 

the  advano  11  Elizabeth  m.  a  Greene  and  both  daughters 

left  descendants.     The  name  Hnddy  is  among  the  earliest 
Hugh  Hnddy  is  named  as  taking  up  laud.   1681   1 T 1  < ». 

Huet,  Hi  it.  Hewett    Randall  Him.  Sr.,  and  Randall  Huet  Jr., 
among  original  settlers  and  named  as    "townshippers,"    1667.     The  father 
iven  town  1  it  at  Portland  Point  number  seven,    and  the  son  lot  num- 
I  t  was  held   at   tin    I  ;  ndall  Huett  Sr. .  in  I 

Tins  family  is  said  to  ndall  Hint  di< 

settling  at  Porland  Point     His  will  was  dated  Jan.  12th,  1669      He  left  vr. 
ret  and  three  sons.  bably  a  merchant  and  innkeeper  as 

among  the  bills  for  articles  furnished  to  the  Indians  in  exchange  for  their 
land  was  an  item  of  one  pound  sterling  paid  to  Randall  Hurt  tor  rum;  and 
the  court  was  also  held  at  hi>  house.  Bridgett  Huett  was  m.  to  John 
Chambers,  Sept  tth,  1696.  Sarah  Huet  dan.  of  Thomas  in.  John  Lippen- 
cott  7th  5  in....  i      _ 

HrxET.  HuiiEiT — George  Hullett  took  oath  of  allegiance  iu  Shr< 
bury  1668.     In  1679  he  was  granted  by  proprietors  192  ad  his  name 

given  as  Hulett  and  Hewlet  The  name  of  Hulett  is  frequently  found  in 
<4d  surveys  of  land  between  Toms  River  and  Forked  River.  In  1745  a 
swamji  "formerly  called  Hulett's  swamp,"  on  Forked  River,  ithen  called 

Creek)   is   named.     In   171s   Robert  Hulett's   dwelling   nous 
or  near  Goodluck  is  named,  and  Hul  sequently  named 

may  have  been  on  the  stream  now  known  as  Quail  Run,  in  Berkeley  b  iwn- 
ship.  The  noted  Thomas  Potter,  who  built  the  old  Goodluck  Church,  m. 
Mary  Hulett.  dan.  of  Robert  Hulett:  Mary  Hulett  Potter,  w.  of  Th 
executed  a  deed  for  one-half  of  'die  Goodluck  church  property  to  Rev. 
John  Murray.  TLi>  deed  is  still  well  preserved  and  in  possession  of  Mr. 
Rogers,  at  Manchester.  Robert  Hulett  had  another  dau.  named  Elizabeth, 
who  probably  m.  Isaac  Potter.  In  17t',4:  the  family  was  quite  numerous  in 
old  Shrewsbury  township,  which  then  extended   to  Oyster  Creek  in  the 

-   nt  county  of  Ocean.  The  first  of  this  name  in  Monmouth  w   - 
The  name  Hewlett  was  previously    16f  I  at  Hempstead, 

L.  I. 

Hcul—  Raque  Hull  was  taxed  in  Upper  Freehold  1758.     Jeremiah 
taxed  1776  in  Freehold.     3  a    Hull,  B   i  weU  Hull  was  b. 

between  Princeton  and  New  Brunswick  in  1762  and  came  to  Monmouth 
county  where  he  live  I  He  d.  in  1853  in  his  92d  year.       He  had 

two  daught  E  whom  married   Amz.i    McLean.  Esq.,  of  Freehold, 

and  the  "other  married  a  Mitchell,  of  "White  Plain-.  X.  Y. 

Hclshakt.  H"I.saj:i:t— Benjamin  HoUaert  bought  land  < if  Thomas 
Hankinsun  1717:  he  and  w.  Annitje  Luyster  joined  the  Marlborough  Brick 
Church  same  year,  where  the  baptism  of  several  of  their  children  was  re- 
corded. In  171  -  ght  land  in  Freehold  township  of  Marte  Salem 
and  also  from  Cornelius  Salem.  In  t  ■  he  is  said  to  be  from  New 
Utrecht,  L.  I.  The  will  of  Benjamin  Holsaert,  recorded  at  Trenton,  was 
dated  Oct  Is.  17:52.  proved  May  20,  17:::;.  It  named  w.  Hanneke  and  sev- 
eral children.  In  1761  Tice  ilul>t  was  among  taxpayers  in  Middletown 
township  and  in  1764  Garret  Hulsart  and  Daniel  Hnlstats  in  Shrewsbury 
township. 

Hi  x.  Hunn— The  will  of  Adrian  Hunn  of  Middletown  was  dated  Jan. 
11th.  1737,  and  proved  Jan.  lsth,  1737.  It  named  w.  Phebe.  He  was 
buried  in  Topanemus  graveyard:  he  d.  Jan.  15th,  1737.  aged  "2s  years  and  7 
months.  Thomas  Hun  was  a  tax  payer  1761,  in  Middletown.  He  was  a 
major  in  the  Revolution  and  cashiered  17*1  for  conduct  unbecoming  an 
officer.     John  S.  Hunn  was  a  private  in  that  war. 

Hcnloi  k — Letters  of  administration  on  estate  of  Francis  Bowne. 
widow,  were  granted  to  Thomas  Hunlocke.   1717. 


lxxii         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Hunt — William  and  Aim  Hunt  are  named  1685,  among  •witnesses  to 
the  marriage  of  Job  Throckmorton  to  Sarah  Leonard.  William  Hunt's 
lands  are  referred  to  1708.  in  road  surveys;  he  was  a  grand  juror,  1711. 

Hutchinson  Robert  Hutchinson's  "corner  tree"  is  referred  to  in  a 
road  survey,  1705.  In  1712  he  bought  land  of  Edward  Lambard  which  he 
and  w.  Sarah  sold  in  1716.  to  Lawrence  Van  Hook — both  of  Freehold.  In 
1750,  and  thereabouts,  several  tracts  of  land  in  what  is  now  Ocean  comity 
were  owned  by  William  Hutchinson.  The  noted  Methodist  preachers,  Rob- 
i  it.  Sylvester  and  Aaron  Hutchinson,  brothers,  were  of  this  family,  and  they 
had  a  fourth  brother  who  was  also  a  preacher.  They  were  grandsons  of 
William  and  Ann  Hutchinson,  the  latter  of  whom  has  this  remarkable  in- 
scription on  her  tombstone:  "Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Ann  Hutchinson, 
relict  of  William  Hutchinson,  Esq.,  departed  this  life  Jan.  1th,  1801,  aged 
101  years,  9  months,  7  days.  She  was  the  mother  of  thirteen  children,  and 
grandmother,  great-grandmother  and  great-great-grandmother  of  375  per- 
sons." Rev.  Sylvester  Hutchinson  d.  Nov.  11th,  1Kb),  aged  75  years.  The 
founder  of  this  branch  of  the  Hutchinson  family  of  New  Jersey  was 
Robert,  one  of  the  persecuted  Scotch  who  came  to  this  country  in  1685, 
and  landed  at  Perth  Amboy  and  from  thence  eventually  reached  Mon- 
mouth. 

Hutton — Samuel  Hutton  in  1G77  wanted  a  warrant  for  as  much  land 
as  appears  to  be  due  to  Peter  Easton  as  a  first  purchaser.  Peter  Easton 
was  a  first  purchaser;  he  lived  in  Rhode  Island.  Hutton  probably  d.  be- 
fore 1681,  as  in  that  year  Elizabeth  Hutton  or  Ilatton  claimed  warrant  for 
land. 

Hyees,  Hiers,  Heyers  —  William  Hyer,  late  of  New  Brunswick,  bought 
land  1730  of  Thomas  Boels,  Freehold.  John  Hyer,  cooper,  of  Monmouth, 
bought  land  in  Monmouth  of  Thomas  Warne  in  1730.  In  1743  William 
Hyer  and  w.  Marie  joined  the  old  Marlborough  Church.  Among  taxpayers 
in  Middletown  1761  were  William,  John,  Peter  and  William  Hire  (as  the 
name  was  spelled  on  Assessor's  book).  In  the  Revolutionary  war  Hen- 
drick,  Walter  and  William  Hier  were  soldiers.  Walter  was  wounded  at 
Pleasant  Valley,  Middletown  township,  in  a  skirmish  June  21,  1781,  by  a 
cut  on  his  forearm  with  a  sword  or  cutlass  ami  by  the  wound  he  lost  part 
of  the  bone  and  his  hand  was  rendered  almost  entirely  useless.  In  Free- 
hold, 1776,  among  taxpayers  were  Walter  Hire  and  George  Hire.  The 
founder  of  this  family  was  of  English  origin,  though  the  first  comer  to 
America  settled  with  the  Dutch  of  New  York.  Five  of  the  Hyer  or 
Heyers  family  intermarried  with  five  children  of  Tennis  Van  Pelt  who 
lived  for  a  short  time  in  Monmouth,  but  returned  to  Gowanus,  near 
Brooklyn.  The  will  of  Garret  Hires,  of  Freehold,  proved  18P2,  named  w. 
Mary  and  seven  children.  James  A.  Hyer,  a  well  known  resident  of  Toms 
River,  d.  Nov.  17,  1883,  aged  65  years.  He  m.  a  sister  of  Ex-Sheriff  Clay- 
ton Bobbins;  she  d.  some  five  years  before  him.  He  left  two  sons  and  two 
daughters.  He  was  b.  in  Monmouth  county,  but  came  to  Toms  River 
about  1844.  At  one  time  he  kept  the  old  tavern  opposite  Cowdrick's  Hotel 
and  also  once  ran  a  stage  between  Toms  River  and  Freehold.  Judge  Lewis 
A.  Hyer,  editor  of  the  Rahway  Democrat  was  a,  vounger  brother. 

Imlay— Peter  Imlay  bought  land,  1693,  of  Thomas  Boel.  In  1710,- 
Patrick  Imlay  and  w.  Margaret  sold  land  to  Adrian  Bennett.  In  1705, 
Patrick  Imlay  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  of 
Freehold.  The  mill  at  the  place  now  known  as  Indaystown,  came  into  pos- 
session of  an  Imlay  about  a  century  and  a  half  ago  and  he  owned  it  until 
about  17(13.  The  mill  at  Allentown  was  bought  by  Peter  Inday  1781,  and 
John  Imlay,  171)2.  Dr.  William  Eugene  Imlay  lived  in  his  later  years  at 
Toms  River  where  he  died  in  1803,  aged  48  yrs.  He  was  son  of  Peter  and 
Susannah  Imlay;  he  graduated  at  Princeton  1773;  duringthe  Revolution  he 
was  captain  in  the  third  regiment,  Hunterdon  county,  also  captain  in  the 
Continental  army.  He  was  frequently  elected  to  responsible  town  offices 
in  old  Dover  township.     His  descendants  emigrated  West. 

Ingham,  Ingram — Thomas  Ingham  and  ye  widow  Elizabeth  Cox  werein. 
in  Middletown,  Sept.  9th,  1681,  as  recorded' in  Middletown   Town  Book  in 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  lxxiii 

the  latter  part  of  L690.  The  name  is  early  mentioned  in  New  England; 
Thomas  [hgham  of  Scitnate  had  a  child  who  d  1647,  and  he  is  nanffed  in 
Plymonth  Colony  Records  1663,  as  a  weaver.  The  name  was  sometimes 
given  as  Ingraham  and  [ngram 

lN  u  VN      ir  idition  says  thai  the  firsl  of  this  name  in  <  >cean  connty  was 
laron,  who  was  b.   1709,  and  came  from   Pawtucket,  R.  [.,  and  settled  in 
Stafford   township.      He   had   sons  Job   and    Stephen.      Esther    lnman. 
widow  of  Job,  bought   land,  1813.     John  Inman  was  m.  to  Elizabeth  Lip- 
pencott    Oct    23d    1796,    by    Amos    Pharo,    Justice   of    th<     Peace,      rne 
founder    of    the    Rhode    Island    family    was    Edward    lnman.     The  old 
stock  of  Inmans  in  Stafford  were  noted  as  whale  catchers.  They  had  boats, 
harpoons,  kettles,  etc  ,  on  the  beach.     Aaron   lnman  d.  at   Barnegat,  April 
2lsi     1888     aged   98   years.     He  had  sons  Stephen,  Lewis,  Jarvis,  Michael 
and  Barton.    Stephen  lnman,  brother  of  Aaron,  lived  at  Barnegat  and  had 
children    William.    Stephen,    John    R.    and   dan.    who   m.    Richard  Cox. 
Aaron  Inman's  sen  Michael  was  master  of   the  schooner  Jonas  Sparks  dur- 
the  late  civil  war  and  with  one  of  Ins  brothers  was  drowned  by  the  sinking 
of  the  vessel  in  the  Potomac      His   son  Barton  became  also  master  of    a 
vessel  aud  died  at  Baltimore  in  1887.  ,    ,.     „.„. 

brass  -The  cattle  mark  of  Archibald  limes  is  recorded  in  Middletown 
Town  Boot  March,  1689.  In  1709  Alexander  Innes,  clerk  of  Middletown, 
sold  laud  near  Daniel  Applegate's  and  others.  Rev.  George  Keith,  in  his 
Journal  of  Oct.  26,  1702,  says  Alexander  Innes  was  in  priest  s  orders.  Me 
continued  to  preach  in  Freehold.  Shrewsbury  and  Middletown  until  his 
death  in  1713.  It  is  said  that  he  gave  ten  acres  of  land  on  which  (  hnst 
church  Middletown.  stauds  and  left  live  pounds  to  each  of  the  churches 
where  'he  had  preached.  His  will  was  dated  July  7,  1713,  and  proved 
Aug  3  1713  and  named  niece  Margaret,  dau.  of  John  Innes.  deceased, 
late 'of  Aberdeen,  North  Britain.  Executors.  Archibald  Innes  and  Dr. 
John  Johnson.  ...  e 

Isaacs  Solomon  Isaacs,  late  of  Freehold,  was  appointed  attorney  tor 
Isaac  Emanuel  about  1720-3. 

Ikons  James  Irons  was  taxed  in  Shrewsbury,  1/64  About  179o  to 
1800  James  Irons  and  John  Irons  are  named  as  living  between  Duns 
River  and  Schenck's  Mills.  The  will  of  John  Irons,  dated  1820  proved 
1821  named  w.  Hannah,  eiyht  sons  and  one  daughter,  heirs  A  tradition 
in  this  family  says  they  descend  from  a  Scotchman,  who  went  to  (  onnec- 
ticnt  first  and  from  thence  to  New  Jersey,  and  that  he  had  three  sons 
named  Garret,  James  and  John.  .     ,..,-,• 

Ivins  -Caleb  Dins'  saw-mill  is  mentioned  m  surveys  in  lattei  part  01 
last  centurv  Anthony  Ivins  took  up  land  in  Ocean  county  in  1815  and 
subsequently.  This  family  descend  from  ancestors  who  were  early  set- 
tlers in  Burlington  comity'.  Isaac  Ivins  had  license  to  marry  Sarah  John- 
son of  Mansfield,  Burlington  county.  April  26,  1711.  In  1 724,  Isaac  Ivins 
owned  N4  acres  in  Springfield  township.  Isaac.  Sr  and  Isaac.  Jr.  are 
named  1750  to  1760.  One  of  them,  probably  Isaac,  Sr.  kept  a  store  at 
Georgetown  in  Burlington.  In  1773  Isaac  Dins.  Jr.  of  Chesterfield  Bur- 
lington countv.  bought  a  plantation  in  Upper  Freehold  of  Robert  and  Ehz- 
abeth  Hutchinson.  In  1800,  Aaron  Ivins,  deceased,  of  Ducks  county,  i  a., 
had  executor  Aaron  Ivins,  who  sold  land  on  Doctors  Creek,  near 
Allentown  to  John  Clayton .  The  branch  of  the  Ivins  family  which  settled 
at  Toms  River,  descended  from  Israel  Dins,  son  of  Moses  and  Kesiah 
Ivins  He  was  b.  Feb.  19,  1760,  and  m  Margaret  Woodward,  and  d.  June 
11,  1822.  They  had  eight  sons.  Anthony,  b.  Sept  28,  1781  m  Sarah  E. 
Wallinandd.  April  21,  1851;  Samuel,  d.  Nov  29,  L819^Itobert,  d  Feb  27 
lsiii-  Moses  d.  April  30,  1876;  Israel,  d.  1802;  George  W.d,  April  5,  1876; 
James;  d.  April  3  1877:  Charles,  d.  Jan.  29,  1875  Ike  son  Anthony 
settled  at  Toms  River,  and  was  a  leading  man  in  business  and  publu 
matters.  He  had  several  children.  Margaret  W.  who  married  ^  »shington 
McKean  Thomas  W.  born  March  5,  1809,  m.  Mary  A.  Lippencott,  Dec. 
11  IS  34  d  March  s.  1877.  Emeiine  m.  Daniel  W.  Bills.  Allentown; 
iiael   who  settled  in  Dtak     Anthony,  d.  Oct  2,  1817.     Anthony   W.,  re- 


lxxiv         HISTORY    OF   MONMOUTH    AND    OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

moved  to  Qtah,  and  d.  Nov.  23,  1870.  Edward  W.,  d.  March  1880.  On< 
of  his  sons,  Anthony,  long  lived  near  New  Egypt.  He  was  a  member  oi  the 
lature  in  1860.  He  had  children  Elizabeth  L.  whom.  Thomas  M. 
Howard,  Jan.  13,  1858;  Howard  who  m.  Mary  Einma,  daughter  Selah  Oli- 
phant,  Jan.  L3,  L863,  and  was  Treasurer  of  State  of  NeM  Jersey,  1866-7, 
and  Abaline  T.  Ivins.  Edward  W.  Ivins  was  Sheriff  of  Ocean  county 
L853  6,  and  Superintendent  of  Life  Saving  stations. 

Jackson — Frauds  Jackson,  carpenter,  bought,  in  HIT"),  Hugh  Dike- 
man's  share  of  Land.  He  was  attorney  for  Christopher  Allmy  1684.  In 
1686  a  warranl  for  land  was  granted  by  Proprietors  to  Francis  Jackson; 
also  January,  1687,  for  17'.)  acres  and  March.  1687,  for  100  acies.  In  1694 
he  bought  land  of  Hannaniah  Gilford.  He  was  court  crier  1683-4.  In 
1696,  he  was  witness  to  a  deed  between  Thomas  Cook  and  Thomas  Web- 
ley.  He  d.  about.  1698,  as  in  that  year  Samuel  Leonard  was  administrator 
to  his  estate,  lie  left  children  William,  Mary,  Elizabeth  aged  12  years 
and  Francis  Jackson,  Jr.,  aged  13  mouths.  It  is  probable  that  his  wife 
died  shortly  before  he  did  as  the  last  named  child  was  given  to  the  care  of 
Francis  Borden  and  Jane  his  wife,  and  the  administrator  was  directed  to 
pay  for  its  care;  the  dan.  Elizabeth  was  also  given  in  care  of  Francis  Bor- 
den, who  may  have  been  related.  The  son  William  was  place  1  with 
Ail.  d  to  learn  the  weaver's  trade;  the  dan.  Mary  was  placed  with 
John  Worthly  and  Elizabeth  his  wife.  Francis  had  bequest  in  will  of 
Francis  Borden,  1703.  In  old  Shrewsbury  township,  among  tax- 
payers in  1761  were  Benjamin  Jackson,  William  Jackson  and 
son,  and  William  Jackson,  Jr.  In  1770  Henry  and  Richard  Jackson  lived 
in  Freehold.  Edwin  Jackson,  an  aged  citizen  of  Toms  River,  who  lived 
at  one  time  on  the  Salter  place  on  the  bay,  d.  Oct.  30,  1883,  a.  93  years. 
In  1815,  March  21,  Joseph  Salter  and  w.  Rachel  deeded  this  laud  to  Na- 
thaniel Jackson,  Edwin  Jackson  and  Joseph  Jackson  for  $6,500,  beginning 
at  month  of  Dillon's  Island  Creek,  along  Toms  River  65  chaius,  refers  to 
Ezekiel's  Creek;  one  thousand  acres;  also  one-third  of  a  swamp;  refers  to 
house  win/ re  one  Stout  lives,  formerly  James  Mott's.  lu  Massachusetts 
there  was  and  is  a  Jackson  family  of  considerable  prominence.  The 
history  and  genealogy  of  the  family  which  has  been  published  and  the 
name  Francis  occurs  in  this  family  in  almost  every  generation.  On  Long 
Island  a  Jacksou  family,  of  which  Robert  Jackson  of  Southold,  1643,  was 
the  founder,  has  been  quite  noted.  A  sketch  of  this^  family  is 
given  iu  Thompson's  History  of  Long  Island,  vol.  2,  p.  37.  William 
Jackson  is  named  in  Court  records  1716  to  1718  and  thereabouts.  His 
eldest  dan.  is  referred  to  in  John  Hulett's  will  173(1.  Iu  1698  a  Jackson 
came  into  court  and  chose  George  Curlies  his  guardian;  his  first  name  is 
not  clearly  written  in  court  records,  but  it  was  probably  Hugh,  and  the 
date  being  the  same  year  that  Francis  Jackson  d.,  leads  to  the  inference 
that  he  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  last  named.  In  1719  Hugh  Jackson 
bought  land  from  Nicholas  Brown,  of  Burlington  county,  "his  loving 
brother-in-law,"  land  in  Monmouth,  then  occupied  by  said  Jackson. 
Brown  had  formerly  lived  in  Monmouth.  He  is  also  called  brother-in-law 
by  Nicholas  Potter  iu  a  deed  1729.  Another  Hugh  Jackson  of  a  succeeding 
generation,  and  w.  Mary,  had  children:  Hugh,  b.  March  25,  1754,  d.  Feb. 
12,  1834;  William,  Deter,  Isaac,  Joseph,  Mary  and  Mercy.  This  line  has 
been  preserved. 

Jacob  -Thomas  Jacob  and  w.  had  patent  for  120  acres  from  Propri- 
etors in  1676  in  Shrewsbury  Jacob  Jacobs  had  a  sawmill  and  owned  land 
about  1760  near  Toms  River.  Jacob's  Branch  may  have  derived  its  name 
from  him.  In  170-1  Honce  Jacobs  was  taxed  in  old  Shrewsbury  township. 
Jacob  Jacobs  was  an  overseer  of  Speedwill  sawmill  on  East  Branch 
of  Wading  River.  Jacob  Jacobs  in  1761,  bought  laud  in  Toms  River  on 
east  side  of  Doctors  Long  Swamp,  "which  vents  into  Toms  River  at  west 
end  of  Dillon's  Island."  Jacobs'  saw-mill  is  named  about  same  time.  His 
line  of  land  and  mill  are  frequently  referred  to.  En  1764,  Honce  Jacobs 
was  taxed  in  old  Shrewsbury  township.  Jacob  Jacobs  probably  went  to 
Wading  River,  as  in  L779,  one  Jacob  Jacob  was  overseer  of  Speedwell  saw- 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  I\\\ 

mill,  owned  by  Benjamin  Randolph  Jake's  branch  is  named  in  surveys 
1761,  and  frequently  thereafter,  and  is  called  Jacobs' branch  in  ;i  survej 
1^1"'.  the  firsl  mentioned  of  the  name  Jacobs  was  Thomas  and 
win.  had  from  proprietors  one  hundred  and  twenty  acres  in  1676 
The  founder  of  the  Falkinburg  family,  Item-;.  Jacobs  Falkinburg,  was 
sometimes  called  Henrj  Jacobs  and  in  some  ancient  records  Jacobs  was 
given  as  his  surname 

.1  imes     \\  illiam  James  was  oi E  the  original  purchasers  of  thi   Ian. Is 

in  Monmouth  of  the  Indians.  In  December,  1667,  he  Bold  to  William 
Eteape  his  half  share  for  twentj  pounds  sheeps'  wool  and  35s.  in  other  pay 
equal  to  pork  and  beef  at  current  prices.  He  was  of  Portsmouth,  R.  I.. 
where  he  was  a  freeman  1655.  He  was  a  son  of  Thomas  James,  one  of  the 
founders  ot  the  firsl  baptist  Societj  in  America;  the  one  at  Providence, 
L638,  and  was  called  "  loving  friend  aud  brother"  bj  Roger  Williams;  il  is 
said  he  became  an  ordained  preacher.  His  son  William,  named  above, did 
not  come  to  Monmouth.  The  first  of  this  name  who  settled  in  Mon- 
mouth county  was  Richard  -lames,  who  is  named  1690  as  a  witness 
deed.  In  1696  and  ITol  he  bought  land  of  Thomas  Hilborne  and  w. 
In  1701  he  bought  land  of  John  Bowde.  In  1717  he  sold  land  to  John 
Taylor.  'The  deeds  show  that  he  lived  in  Freehold.  Robert  James  is 
named  17(Hi.  The  name  Robert  was  handed  down  in  this  family  for  sev- 
eral generations.  In  177h  Robert  James  was  a  large  property  holder  in 
1  re  hold,  taxed  for  318  acres  ol  land  and  sixty-four  horses  and  oattle,  and  a 
Robert  was  a  sergeanl  in  the  Revolution.  In  is  hi  Robert  'lames  of  Mon- 
mouth bought  land  of  Lydia  Laird.      The  same  year  Robert  Jai -  of  West 

Winsor,  Middlesex  county,  bought  land  of  Lewis  Robins  and  w.  Sarah. 
In  1796  John  and  Joseph  'lames  were  executors  of  Richard  James.  Robert 
James  was  deceased  in  1800,  and  his  executor  was  Benjamin  Jack- 
son. In  L800  Robert  James  and  w.  May,  sold  land  to  David  Brotherton, 
of  "Winsor,  Middlesex  county."  Members  of  this  family  left  the  county 
shortly  after  the  Revolution,  ["he  History  of  Washington  county.  Pa., 
says  (p.  961)  "Richard  James,  of  Upper  Freehold,  X.  J.,  purchased  of 
Gabriel  Cox,  April  20,  1786,  505  acres  of  land,"  etc 

Jkifkky  Francis  Jeffrey  and  Thorlough  Swiney,  in  1676,  bought  land 
at  Deale  in  Monmouth  county,  of  Thomas  potter,  which  they  shortb 
sold  hack  to  hotter.  In  1679  Francis  Jeffrey  had  a  warrant  for  120  acres 
of  land  at  Deale  from  Proprietors.  In  168]  he  received  another  patent 
and  in  1685  he  bought  land  <<i'  Robert  Turner,  a  Proprietor.  In  1688  in  a 
deed  his  residence  is  given  as  in  Shrewsbury  township.  Francis  Jeffrey 
was  married  to  Ann  Worth,  2d  of  12th  month,  1680,  at  house  of  Eliakim 
"Warded  in  Shrewsbury  by  Friends'  ceremony.  Among  marriages  recorded 
at  Freehold  are  the  following:  Deborah  Jeffrey. m.  Samuel  Reynolds,  Jr., 
Nov.  1.  1799;  Jesse  Jeffrey  was  m.  to  Alice  Rogers  April  30,  1800  The 
late  Judge  Job  F.  Randolph  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  William  Jeffrey,  of  Pot- 
ter's Creek,  now  Bayville.  This  William  Jeffrey  m.  Margaret  Child  Jef- 
frej  is  a  Rhode  Island  name.  Robert  Jeffreys  was  one  of  the  original 
settlers  of  that  province  1638  and  was  treasurer  1640.  He  may  be  the 
same  Robert  Jeffries  who  with  w.  Elizabeth,  came  to  this  country  in  May 
1635,  in  the  ship  Elizabeth  and  Ann,  at  which  time  Robert  was  30  years 
old  and  his  w.  27  years.  About  the  first  Jeffrey  or  Jeffries  who  came  to 
this  country  was  William,  who  was  at  Salem,  Mass.,  L628.  He  lived  at 
Jeffries' Creek,  now  called  Manchester,  near  Salem.  A  notice  of  him  is 
given  in  Collections  of  Essex  County,  Mass..  Historical  Collections,  vol.  I, 
p.  196.  The  name,  W'm  Jeffrey  or  Jeffries,  subsequently,  in  1664,  is  found 
among  members  of  Rhode  [stand  Legislature.  The  name  is  variously 
given  as  Jeffrey,  Jeffrirs,  Jefferay  and  Jeoffreys.  Among  taxpayers  in 
Shrewsbury  I7ti4,  were  Daniel,  Francis,.John,  Lewis.  Richard  and  Thomas 
Jeffrey. 

Jf.i;m:y,  Joi;nf.y  John  Jerney  of  Manasquan,  Shrewsbury  township, 
made  will  dated  Fee.  6,  1731,  proved  Dec.  :,,  1738.  He  named  w.  Eliza- 
beth and  three  sons.      In  1764  he  was  taxed  in  old  Shrewsbury  township. 

JEBSON     John  Jerson  had  a  warrant  for  land  1679  and  in  1681. 


lxxvi         HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN    COUNTIES. 

Jenkins  John  Jenkins  of  Sandwich,  in  Plymouth  Colony,  was  among 
those  who  contributed  to  buj  the  Land  ot  the  Indians,  L667,  and  he  was 
awarded  a  share  Ee  was  an  active  Quaker  and  in  L659,  was,  among 
others,  Erequently  lined  for  adherence  to  his  faith  and  had  property  Levied 
on  and  sold  to  pay  tines.  His  aame  is  frequently  mentioned  in  New  Eng- 
land Local  histories.  Job  Jenkins,  in  L687,  had  inn  acres  of  land  in  Mon- 
mouth of  Proprietors.  He  had  w.  Hannah  and  a  dan.  Susanna,  1).  in 
Shrewsbury  L5th  of  9th  month,  L684.     He  d.  11th  of  7th  month,  h;:j7. 

Jennings  John  Jennings  is  named  in  court  records  June,  1689.  The 
first  of  this  aame  in  New  England  was  John  Jennings  who  came  in  ship 
Ann  to  Plymouth  in  1623  and  had  lot  number  five  among  original  settlers 
in  that  historic  place.  The  first  of  the  Jennings  family  was  Henry,  who 
came  to  tins  country  in  1(>77,  in  the  ship  Kent,  and  was  one  of  the  original 
settlers  of  Burlington.  This  Henry  Jennings  left  five  children  The  de- 
scendants of  Henry  and  Thomas  are  quite  numerous  in  New  Jersey  and 
elsewhere. 

Jewell,  Juel  William  Juel  was  a  grand  juror  171 5.  John  Jewell 
was  taxed  tor  L69  acres  in  Freehold,  1776. 

Jones  Robert  Jones  is  the  first  of  this  name  in  Monmouth  records. 
He  was  assigned  town  lot  number  thirty-three  at  Middletown  in  Dec.  1670. 
It  would  seem  that  he  was  of  New  York.  Thomas  Jones  was  a  taxpayer 
1731,  in  Upper  Freehold,  and  Christopher  Jones  in  Shrewsbury,  1764. 
John  Jones  was  m.  to  Elizabeth  Ferguson,  July  lUth,  LSO.'i,  by  Amos  Pharo 
Of  Station  I. 

Job,  Jobs— The  first  Job  in  Monmouth  was  John,  named  Sept.  1670, 
in  court  proceedings.  The  constable,  Edward  Smith,  complained  that 
Johu  Job  refused  to  aid  him  in  watching  drunken  Indians  and  that  the 
said  Job  said  "  What  a  divell  have  I  to  do  with  you  or  his  majesty  either?" 
and  when  others  laid  hold  of  him  at  the  constable's  command,  he  said  "  A 
plague  confound  you  all  "  To  which  Job  pleaded  he  knew  not  that  Smith 
was  constable.  He  was  himself  appointed  constable  1675.  In  1676  he  had 
a  patent  for  120  acres  of  land  from  Proprietors,  and  George  Job  had  also  a 
patent  for  120  acres.  In  records  at  Trenton  it  is  said  that  John  Jobs  had 
in  1685,  servants  imported,  viz:  Archibald  Campbell,  John  Moore  and  E. 
Danboro.  John  Job,  probably  second  of  the  name,  m.  Rachel,  dau.  of 
Peter  Wilson,  who  refers  to  her  in  his  will.  In  July,  1720,  letters  of  ad- 
ministration on  the  estate  of  James  .lobs  were  granted  to  William  Jobs,  of 
Middletown.  Richard  Jobs  (second?)  of  Freehold,  in  will  dated  March  In, 
1726,  proved  Oct.  5,  Ii27,  named  w.  Catharine;  sous  George,  John, 
Samuel  and  William;  daughters  Mary,  Rachel  and  Catharine.  Executors, 
w.  Catharine  and  brother  Samuel,  in  1721  William  Job  sold  land  to  John 
Mott,  carpenter. 

Johnstone,  Johnston,  Johnson  James  Johnstone  and  John  Johnstone 
brothers,  are  frequently  named  in  Fret-hold  records.  John  was  president 
of  the  court  at  Shrewsbury  1691;  the  next  year  he  deeded  Land  to  Thomas 
Wainright.  It  is  supposed  that  James  and  John  Johnstone  were  sons  of 
John  Johnstone  of  Ochiltree,  Scotland;  James  was  denounced  May,  1684, 
for  aiding  in  a  rebellion  and  he  escaped  to  this  country.  He  first  settled 
near  Spotsw 1,  to  which  it  is  presumed  he  gave  the  name  as  he  had  re- 
sided in  Spotswoode,  in  Scotland,  lb- d  about  1698.  Dr.  Johnstone  and 
descendants  are  noticed  in  Whitehead's  History  of  Perth  \mboy.  In  L687, 
Aii-nst  itli,  John  Johnston,  of  Middletown,  was  appointed  Chief  Etangerof 
Monmouth  county  and  his  appointment  was  recorded  at  Perth  Amboy. 
Benjamin  Johnson  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  at  Toms  River  whose 
name   has   been  preserved.     His   residence  is  referred  to  in  old   surveys 

al t  1711.     In  old  Shrewsbury  township  among  taxyayers in  1764  were: 

Benjamin,  James,  Hendrick,  Elisha,  David,  Ezekiel,  Luke  and  Joseph 
Johnson  or  Johnston.  In  Middletown,  1761,  anion-  taxpayers  were:  Har- 
inau.  Garret,  John,  Jacob,  Lambert.  Matthias  and  Skilton  Johnson. 
David  Johnson  of  Stafford,  sold   land  in  Istlll  to  Luke  Courteuay. 

Jolly,  Jollei  -William  Jolly  m.  Jean,  dan.  of  Richard  Watson  and 
both  are  named  in  Watson's  will  1736.     Another  William  Jolley  of  a  sue 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  Ixwii 

oeeding  generation,  and  w.  Hannah  had  dau.  Sarah,  bom  aboul  L780,  who 
d.  Feb.  10,  1806 

.1  r  1 1  a  ii  Samuel  Judah  is  nan  in  I  in  n  deedol  Catharine  Huddj  1  ,7  I ;  he 
was  then  of  New  York.  He  bad  children,  eldest  Benjamin  S.,  merchant 
..i  New  York;  Cary,  late  of  Nev  York,  bul  settled  in  Freehold,  L789,  as  a 
merchant,  Amelia,  Sarah  and   Rebecca. 

Kaighn,  Kaighin  John  Kaighin,  late  apprentice  to  Thomas  Warne, 
bad  land  of  Proprietors  1686  which  be  sold  to  Robert  Kay  |  Rhe?)  in  1688. 
In  L689  he  bought  30  acres  of  Walter  Newman,  who  was  also  late  appren- 
tice to  Thomas  Warne.  In  1688  9  he  is  said  to  be  " late  of  Monmouth." 
Il<  bought  of  Robert  Turner  in  1696,  also  of  Jeremiah  Bates  1698.  In 
1699  he  bought  lands  of  West  Jersey  Proprietors  at  Newtown.  In  the  Perth 
Amboy  records  his  name  is  given  as  Kaighin,  Keighen,  etc. 

Keb,  Keek  Walter  Kerr  had  30  acres  of  land  deeded  to  him  1688  by 
Thomas  Parr,  brickmaker,  servitor  to  (raw. mi  Laurie,  late  governor.  In 
L689  James  Johnston   deeded  50  acres   to    Walter  Ken-.     La  1691  James 

Johnston  deeded  land  to  Walter  Kerr  in  right  of  his  second  son,  .James 
Kerr.  Walter  Kerr,  the  first  of  the  name  in  Monmouth,  was  banished 
from  Scotland  Sept.  3,  1685,  and  it  is  supposed  that  he  and  w.  Margaret 
and  children  came  in  the  ship  Henry  and  Francis,  which  arrived  in  this 
country  December,  1685.  Shortly  after  his  arrival  he  settled  in  Freehold. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  1705.  In  17K'> 
William  and  Samuel  Ker  were  deacons  in  the  Presbyterian  Church  and 
Joseph  and  Walter  Ker  were  elders  same  year.  Many  members  of  old 
Monmouth  families  went  to  <  'hester,  Lancaster  and  other  counties  in 
Eastern  Pennsylvania,  from  171.">  to  1730  anil  in  the  next  generation  there 
was  quite  an  oxodus  from  these  families  to  the  valley  of  Virginia  and 
Western  North  Carolina,  audit  is  possible  that  among  the  number,  were 
descendants  of  Walter  Kerr,  of  Freehold  The  epitaph  on  the  tombstone 
of  bis  w.  is  as  follows: 

"Here  lies  what's  mortal  of  Margaret,  wife  of  Walter  Ker,  who  de- 
parted this  life  October  ye  first  Anno  Domini  one  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  thirty-four,  in  the  seventy-third  year  of  her  age." 

The  inscription  on  the  third  headstone  shows  that  Margaret,  wife  of 
Joseph  Kerr,  d.  in  the  year  174-">,  aged  33  years.  About  half  a  mile  to  the 
east  of  the  Tennent  Church,  on  the  summit  of  a  wooded  hill  belonging  to 
the  estate  of  the  late  Sheriff  Perrine,  is  an  old  family  burying  ground 
which  was  originally  owned  and  used  for  burial  purposes  by  the  Ker  or 
Carr  family.  There  are  only  three  persons  interred  there,  namely:  Walter 
Kerr,  Margaret,  his  wife,  and  Margaret,  wife  of  Joseph  Ker. 

Killie  —David  Killie,  of  Middletown,  was  son-in-law  of  Thomas  Bills 
of  Shrewsbury,  who  in  1700,  for  "love  and  affection"  deeded  him  one-half 
the  land  he  then  occupied  which  he  had  purchased  of  John  Starkey  1697. 
The  estate  of  David  Killie  was  administered  upon  1737.  The  cattle  mark 
of  David  Killie  was  entered  in  Middletown  Town  Book  Dec.  24,  1698, 
David  Killy  was  licensed  to  m.  Hannah  Woodmansee Feb.  2.">,  1730.  Joseph 
Killey  was  licensed  to  m.  Hannah  liltou  Aug.  20,  1717. 

Kimmons  Cowperthwaite  Kimmons  of  Amwell,  in  Hunterdon  county, 
sold  land  to  Joseph  Cowperthwaite  in  1801,  who  then  was  of  Waterford, 
Gloucester  county.  Keiaimins,  it  is  said,  owned  the  grist-mill  at  New 
Egypt.  In  17;i2  William  Kimmons  of  Mansfield,  Burlington  county,  ap- 
pointed as  his  attornev  Jonathan  Cowperthwaite,  merchant,  of  Upper  Free- 
hold. 

King  -John  King  had  a  warrant  for  sixty  acres  of  land  in  1077.  In 
1683  he  is  named  in  court  proceedings  as  deceased.  Another  John  King 
was  grand  juror  1720.  In  1731  -John  Kin;,'  was  taxed  in  Upper  Freehold. 
Joseph  King  of  Barhegat,  was  m.  to  Betsey  Ridgway,  March  12,  1812,  by 
Silas  Crane  of  Stafford. 

Kinman,  Kinmon — Patrick  Kinmon  was  a  resident  of  Freehold.  His 
will,  dated  1709,  names  three  sons  and  two  daughters,  viz:  John,  Joseph. 
William,  Ann  and  Margaret.  Thomas  Kinmon  is  also  mentioned  in  the 
will. 


lxxviii      HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH    AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

Ketcb  im  Daniel  Ketchara  is  named  us  a  grand  juror  17JU  In  17i;i 
David  and  Daniel  Ketcham  were  taxed  in  Shrewsbury  township. 

Kirbs  John  Kirby's  residence  is  mentioned  L7U8.  Heprobablj  Lived 
mar  the  Burlington  county  line.  He  may  have  been  of  the  famil; 
Richard  Kirby,  noted  in  the  annals  of  early  members  of  the  Society  oi 
Friends,  who  was  at  Lynn,  .Miss,  L637,  moved  to  Sandwich,  Mass.,  the 
next  year,  and  thence  to  Oyster  Hay,  L.  I.,  where  he  oi-  his  sun  Richard  is 
named  L663  1635.  About  1658  he  became  an  active  Quaker,  and  him  sell 
ami  sun  Richard  suffered  in  tines  with  Peter  Gaunt,  and  George  Allen 
whose  descendants  also  came  to  New  Jersey.  The  name  John  Kirby 
appears  at  Dartmouth,  Mass.,  among  first  settlers.  He  may  have  been  i 
son  of  the  first  Richard.  Richard  Kirby,  probably  second  of  the  nana-. 
had  w.  Jane  ami  after  her  decease  married  again.  Had  son  John  born  2d 
March,  1673;  Robert,  March  10,  1675.  It  is  probable  that  it  was  this  last 
John  who  is  named  in  Monmouth.  Sarah  Kirby  m.  Matthew  Allen.  June, 
1657,  and  the  name  Matthew  Allen  subsequently  appears  among  settlers  in 
Burlington,  N.  J.  The  Kirby  family  early  settled  in  Burlington  county. 
Richard  Kirby,  New  Hanover  township  in  1724,  owned  150  acres  of  land; 
Benjamin  Kirby,  same  year,  owned  290  acres.  In  1 737  William  Kirb 
same  tiiwiishi].  owned  150  acres.  'I  he  first  named  Richard  Kirby,  in  1718. 
bought  land  of  Benjamin  Borden,  who  then  lived  in  Burlington  county. 

Ktpp,  Kip  Hendrickus  Kip  was  a  member  oi  Brick  Church,  Marlbor- 
ough, 17-21.  In  1731  Willemtse  Van  Voorhees,  w.  of  Hendrickus  Kip, 
joined  same  church.  The  will  of  Hendrick  Kipp  was  dated  .March  29, 
17:)::;  proved  April  1(1,  1734;  speaks  of  him  as  residing  in  Middletown,  and 
named  w.  Williamkie.  Executors,  Benjamin  Van  Cleve  of  Freehold,  Han- 
nah Lyeter  (Luyster?)  and  Cornelius  Wycoffe  of  Middletown. 

Knott-  Feter  Knott  took  up  land,  it  is  said,  as  early  as  172(1,  at  Hur- 
ley's Corners  in  Wall  township.  In  1734,  he  bought  land  of  John  Foe- 
head  in  same  vicinity.  He  is  named  among  persons  who  early  took  up 
land  and  in  the  present  county  of  Ocean.  His  son  David  also  took  up 
much  land.  Peter  Knott's  will  was  dated  Feb.  17,  177(1;  his  daus.  married 
as  follows;  Rebecca  to  Remembrance  Lippencott;  Rachel  to  Peter  Van 
Dike;  Abigail  to  Gavin  Drummond;  Mercy  to  Conrad  Hendrickson  and 
Catharine  to  James  Wilson.  His  executors,  177o.  were  Gavin  Drummond 
and  Conradt  Hendricks  (Hendrickson  ?)  In  1800,  Peter  Knott  and  w.  Lydia 
sold  land  near  Goodluck,  to  David  Woodmansee 

Lacey  William  Lacey,  founder  of  the  Lacey  family,  came  from  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  it  is  said,  with  William  Penn,  In  1718,  his  son  John  m. 
Rachel  Heston.  The  will  of  Geueral  John  Lacey  is  recorded  in  Mount 
Holley.  it  was  dated  at  New  Hanover  in  1811,  and  proved  March  II,  1814. 
It  bequeathed  to  w.  Antis  estate  after  debts  pi  id.  To  dau.  Eliza,  wife  ol 
William  Smith,  one  thousand  dollars  and  also  release  of  what  she  has 
already  had.  Dan.  Kitty,  wife  of  William  Darling,  (Darlington?)  one 
thousand  dollars.  Dan.  Jane  C.  Lacey,  two  thousand  dollars.  The  will 
says:  "  Whereas  Ferrago  Furnace,  in  county  of  Monmouth  was  built  in 
partnership  with  my  son  Thomas  J!  Lacey  and  the  title  is  with  me,  if  my 
son  Thomas  pays  one-half  expenses  in  procuring  said  lands  and  building 
Eorge  then  my  executors  to  deed  to  him  one  half,"  etc  Refers  to  partner- 
ship "1  Cooke  and  Lacey  in  New  Mill  Forge,  then  closed,  and  his  son  givi  D 
teams  and  other  things  from  that  fore,,  worth  about  seventeen  hundred 
dollars.  Requests  his  w.  Antis  to  care  for  his  aged  mother.  Executors, 
Caleb  Newbold  and  William  [rick.  The  will  of  Antis  Lacey,  widov 
General  John  Lacey  was  dated  1815,  and  proved  Feb.  1816,  of  New  ALUs, 
now  Pemberton.  She  gave  to  her  son  Thomas  R.  Lacey  all  her  estate  at 
New  Mills,  dwelling  house,  barns,  mills,  etc.  The  remainder  ot  In  i 
property  to  her  three  daus.  Eliza  Smith,  Catharine  Darlington  and  Jane  C. 
Hough. 

Lapetea  Edmund  Lafetra  was  among  the  original  purchasers  of  the 
land  in  Monmouth  of  the  Indians  1667.  In  the  settlement  of  the  bills  he 
is  named  as  a  "  tow nshipper. "  He  had  from  proprietors  in  1675a  warrant 
for  lsoacresof  land;in  1679  another  for  170  acres  and  the  same  year  another 


GENEALOGICAL    RECORD.  l\\i\ 

for  150  acres,  l>\  lands  of  Robert  West  arid  others  In  1681  be  bad  another 
warrant.  In  1(376  he  was  a  juror  [n  courl  records  are  notices  of  several 
suits  between  1670  and  1677  with  Francis  Lee  Maistre  or  "Masters,"  as 
the  name  was  sometimes  given;  in  fust  suits  Lafetra  was  plaintiff ;  in  the 
las!  suit,  Aug.  28,  1  * ". T 7 .  Le  Maistre  sues  him  for  the  sum  of  (J  1  for  one  year's 
Lodging,  waiting  and  looking  after  cattle.  The  sum  sued  for  was  so  small 
that  it  maj  bave  been  only  I'd-  a  balance  claimed  between  Hani .  The  item 
in  tin  Mil  for  lodging  indicates  that  he  was  qo!  then  married;  he  was  m. 
twice,  ami  his  second  marriage  to  Frances  West,  widow  of  Robert,  must 
have  occurred  shortlj  after. 

Lambert  Edward  Lambert  of  Freehold,  in  will  dated  December,  171  l. 
names  brother  Josiah,  cousins  John  Lambert,  sun  of  brother  John,  ami 
Joseph,  son  of  Joseph,  and  Elizabeth  Lain.  Henrj  Marsh,  in  his  will 
dated  1716,  names  dau.  Isabella  Lambert. 

Mare  Lucab  was  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church  a1  Newport,  R.  I.; 
in  1648  was  freeman;  in  1655  and  April  20,  1676,  lie  had  a  legacy  of  fifty 
shillings  a  year,  payable  in  provisions  from  Rev.  John  Clark.  He  d.  He.-. 
26,  1676,  leaving  no  descendants  as  tar  as  known.  In  1672  he  sold  his 
-.have  oi  land  to  William  Deuell  of  Newport,  who  gave  it  to  his  sun,  Benja- 
min Deuell.  Lucar  was  an  ancient  name  in  London.  In  "  Herald's  Visi- 
tations," L568,  mention  is  made  of  Emanuel  Lucar,  of  London,  who  had 
children  Ciprian,  Mark,  Martha  and  Emanuel.  The  mune  Mark  suggests 
the  probability  of  the  Newport  Mark  being  of  that  family. 

James  LEONARD  was  of  Taunton,  Mass.,  ancestor  of  Leonards  of  that 
State  and  elsewhere,  and  noted  as  one  of  the  first  to  set  up  iron  works  in 
this  country.  His  brother,  Henry  Leonard,  came  to  Monmouth  and 
aided  in  establishing  the  iron  works  at  Tinton  Falls.  James  Leonard  sold 
his  share  to  Sarah  Reape  m  1674  and  in  1G75  she  took  up  240  acres  in  his 
right. 

Parkeb  The  first  oi  this  family  in  Old  Monmouth  were  Joseph  Par- 
ker and  Peter  Parker,  named  in  Shrewsbury  in  1667-8.  Thomas  Parker, 
Sr. .  and  Thomas  Parker,  Jr ,  are  named  in  Freehold  records  in  1716. 
Joseph  Parker  was  one  of  the  most  prominent  men  in  Old  Shrewsbury, 
Commissioner,  Justice  of  the  Court,  Deputy  to  the  General  Assembly, 
etc.  In  the  General  Assembly  in  1682-3,  he  and  John  Bovrae  were  fore- 
most in  efforts  to  maintain  the  rights  of  the  people  of  Monmouth  against 
the  demands  of  the  Board  of  Proprietors.  Joseph  Parker  appears  to  have 
died  in  1685,  as  in  May  of  that  year  letters  of  administration  were  granted 
on  his  estate  to  Jedediah  Allen,  who  was  his  successor  in  the  Assembly. 
Peter  Parker  was  appointed  constable  in  1667.  Joseph  Parker,  second  of 
the  name,  in  his  will  dated  1723,  devises  land  in  Shrewsbury  township  to 
his  wife,  Elizabeth,  and  nine  children.  The  following  genealogical  notes  of 
the  Parker  family,  furnished  by  a  member  of  it,  will  enable  descendants  to 
trace  back  connectedly  their  genealogy  for  about  a  century'  and  a  quarter. 
Thomas  Parker,  of  Freehold  township,  m.  first  a  Miss  James  Their  chil- 
dren were  Robert,  John,  (both  of  whom  went  West  at  an  early  day)  Thomas, 
Anthony,  William,  Lydia,  who  married  William  Parkalow  and  Ann, 
who  married  a  Thompson.  Anthony  Parker  was  born  Sept.  13,  1775, 
and  married  Phebe  Stout,  daughter  of  David  Stout;  she  was  born  April 
24,  1777.  Thomas  Parker  m.  second  wife,  Sarah  Stout,  and  they  had  chil- 
dren: Joseph,  Hannah,  who  m.  Cornelius  Thompson,  Charles,  Amy,  who 
m.  David  Pieid;  Mary,  who  m.  John  Johnstone;  Joel,  who  d.  unmarried, 
and  Ann,  who  m.  John  Clayton.  The  children  of  Thomas,  (third  son  of 
Thomas  i  were  Thompson,  Isaac,  Amy,  Carolina,  Lydia  Ann,  Mary  Ann 
and  George.  The  children  of  Anthony,  who  m.  Phebe,  dau.  of  David 
Stout,  were  Thomas,  David  Stout,  Abigail,  who  m.  Rev.  David  B.  Salter, 
John  and  Joseph.     The  children  of  William,  son  of  Thomas,  were  Jesse, 

Hannah,    who    m.  Cheeseman,    Lewis,    Edmund,    Thorn;  s.    Robert, 

Lydia,  -Tames,  William  and  John.  The  children  of  Lydia,  who  m.  William 
Barkalow,  were  Ann,  who  m.  Job  Emmons;  Amy,  who  m.  D.  D.  Denise, 
and  Thomas  P..  the  noted  hotel  proprietor.  The  children  of  Joseph,  son  of 
first  Thomas,  were  Sarah  Ann,  Achsah  and  Henry.      The  children  of  Han- 


lxxx  HISTORY   OF   MONMOUTH   AND   OCEAN   COUNTIES. 

uah.  who  in.  Cornelius  Thompson,  were  Pemberton,  Burr,  Mary  Ann  and 
Sarah.  The  children!  if  <  lharles  i  t>  >rmerly  State  Treasurer)  were  Helen,  whi  »m. 
Rev.  George  Burrowes;  Mary,  who  m.  James  B.  Glover;  Joel  and 
Charles.  The  children  of  Amy.  who  m.  David  Keid,  were  Aaron  and 
Thomas.     The  children  of  Mary.  whom.  John  Johnson,  were  Lydia,  who 

m. Gravatt,  and  William.    The  child  of  Ann.  who  m.  John  Clayton, 

was  Mary,  who  m.  —  -  Potts.  Charles  Parker,  Bon  of  Thomas,  m. 
Sarah  Coward,  a  dan.  of  Joseph  Coward,  a  heroic  soldier  in  the  Revolution. 
He  (Parker)  lived  at  Toms  River  about  1810,  and  at  Forked  River  about 
1812-14,  and  then  removed  to  Fret-hold  or  vicinity.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Legislature,  Sheriff  of  the  county,  and  State  Treasurer  for  many  • 
His  son  Joel  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  twice  Governor  of  the 
state  and  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court.  He  m.  Maria  M.  Gummere,  dan. 
of  Samuel  R.  Gummere,  ot  Burlington,  and  their  children  were  Elizabeth 
G.,  Charles.  Helen  and  Frederick.  The  children  of  Mary  Parker,  who  m. 
Col  -lames  B.  (Hover,  were  R(  \  (  uarles  P.,  Frank.  Helen  and  Mary,  the 
last  two  dead.  David  stout  Parker,  son  of  Anthony  Parker,  m.  Emeline 
Salter.  John  Parker,  son  of  Anthony,  m.  Hester  Wooley.  Joseph  Parker, 
son  of  Anthony,  m.  Elizabeth  Predinore;  he  was  the  first  Sheriff  of  Ocean 
county. 


THE    END. 


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