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A
HISTORY
OF
NORTHUMBERLAND
ISSUED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF
THE NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY HISTORY
COMMITTEE
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY ANDREW REID & COMI'ANY, LnUTED
LONDON
SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, & COMPANY, LIMITED
1899
t
A
History of Northumberland
V O L U M E V
The Parish of Warkworth
With thk Chapelky of Chevington
The Parish of Shilbottle
The Chapelky or Extra-parochial Place
OF Brainshaugh
By JOHN CRAWFORD HODGSON, F.S.A.
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE
I'RINTED AND ITIiLISHED BY ANURE\V REM) & COMPANY, LIMITED
LONDON
SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, lS: COMPANY, LIMITED
1899
NEVVCASTLE-UPON-TVNE
AXDliF.W UlUI) & COMrANV, LIMITED, PKINTING COURT BUILDINGS
?KDA ^
PREFACE.
It was originally intended that the fifth volume of the Nortliniiibciiaud
County History should cover the district lying between the mouth of the
Aln on the north and Chevington burn on the south, and extending as far
inland as Long Framlington. The materials relating to the manor and castle
of Warkworth proved, however, to be so abundant and interesting that it has
been determined to confine the volume to the parishes of Warkworth and
Shilbottle, with the extra-parochial chapelry of Brainshaugh. The volume
now comprises the history of twenty-three townships, including the descrip-
tion in detail of the medieval buildings at Warkworth, Coquet Island,
Shilbottle, and Brainshaugh. The Duke of Northumberland, who is
proprietor in whole or in part of twelve of these townships, has — heir to
the generosity his father always showed to the committee — not only allowed
the fullest and most unrestricted use to be made of the valuable surveys
and records that are preserved in his muniment rooms, but has provided
the plans and plates needed to illustrate places and objects on his estates.
The Editor desires to express his personal gratitude to the Duke of
Northumberland, the Rev. William Greenwell, and to Mr. C. J. Bates for
reading every chapter in MS. before it was sent to the printer. Mr. Green-
well has contributed the introduction, with its description of the course
of the Coquet, and the historical account of Warkworth church. Mr. Bates
has rewritten his memoir on Warkworth castle, originally published in
the Arcliftologia Acliaua, and has dealt with Warkworth Hermitage
and the life of St. Henry of Coquet. The chapter on the dialect is by
Mr. R. Oliver Heslop.
773570
VI PREFACE.
Till coniniittet- have onec more- to express their obligations to
Mr. K. J. Ciar\v()i)tl lor the chapter on the geology of the district, and
lo Professor SonurvilU- for that on its agricnltnre. Mr. Knowles has
written the architectnral description of Warkworth chinch, of the bridge
tower at Warkworth, the tower on Coqnet Island, and the chapel of
Brainshaugh, and fnrnished the plans of these and other places. The
plans of Warkworth castle and hermitage and the remarkable collection
of mason marks at the former were prepared under the direction of
Mr. George Keavell.
In addition to the plates and maps presented bv the Dnke of
Northumberland, iNIr. Thomas Clutterbuck has contributed to the cost of
the illustrations, Mr. J. D. Milburn has given the plate of Brainshaugh,
Mr. G. H. Thompson the plate of the urns found at Amble, now in
his collection, and Mr. George Waters some of the photographs used for
the illustrations.
Mr. M. H. Dand has presented the plate of Warkworth bridge, and
has freelv imparted the observations and notes collected during a long
lifetime.
The photogravures and other illustrations have been prepared from
photographs taken bv Mr. Worsnop, and from designs made by
Mr. R. J. S. Bertram : the Society of Anticpiaries of London have
lent some blocks.
Among the landowners who have permitted every use to be made
of their muniments of title are : The Dean and Chapter of Durham,
Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck, Mr. A. F. B. Cresswell, Miss Bacon Grey,
Mr. John Liddell, Mr. W. B. Lisle, Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith, the
Rev. J. B. Strother, Mr. George Tate, and Mr. S. F. Widdrington.
PREFACE. VU
Valuable information has been given by Sir Henry Ogle, bart., the
Archdeacon of Carlisle, Mr. D. Baird, the late Mr. R. G. Bolam, Mr.
H. C. Harvey, Mr. W. E. Lawson, Professor Lebour, Mr. J. H. Merivale,
the Rev. George Phillips, Mr. George Skelly, Mr. T. A. Thorpe,
Mr. H. Vassal, and many others.
The Rev. R. W. Dixon, the Rev. Joseph Golightly, the Rev. Parkes
Willy, the Rev. John Walker, and Mr. J. J. Howe have permitted access to
or given extracts from registers and documents in their custody.
The Editor desires to express his obligation to his colleagues and
to Mr. William Brown, Mr. George Tate, Mr. Robert Thompson, and
Mr. G. J. Turner, who have read most of the proofs and made many
valuable emendations.
\'0L. V.
CONTENTS.
Preface ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... v
List of Illustr.\tions ... ... ... ... ... ... x
Lists of Committee, Guarantors, and Donors ... ... ... ... xii
Additions and Corrections to the List of Suhscribers ... ... xiii
Addenda et Corrigenda ... ... ... ... ... ... xiv
Introduction :
The Coquet ... ... ... ... ... ... ... i
Geology ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... g
Agriculture ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 14
Dialect ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 17
WARKWORTH PARISH.
VVarkworth Castle ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 18
Park and Demesne ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 112
The Chapel of St. Mary Magd.\len ... ... ... ... ... 121
The Hermit.\ge ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 124
The Borough of Warkworth ... ... ... ... ... 136
The New-town and Com.mon ... ... ... ... ... ... 161
Warkworth Church ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 170
Birling Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 196
High Buston Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 204
Low Buston Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 219
The Hospital of St. John Baptist ... ... ... ... ... 237
Sturton Grange Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 241
Walk-mill Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 251
Brotherwick Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 253
Gloster-hill Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 261
Amble Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 267
Hauxley Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 296
Coquet Island ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 315
TOGSTON Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 325
1/ MoRwicK Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 343
Acklington Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 362
Acklington Park Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 377
CHEVINGTON CHAPELRY.
Chevington Chapelry ... ... ... ... ... ... 384
West Chevington Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 386
Bullocks-hall Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 393
E.-iST Chevington Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 397
Hadston Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 406
CONTENTS. IX
SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
PAGE.
shilbottle township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 415
shilbottle church ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4.32
shilbottle tower ... .. ... ... ... ... ... 439
shilbottle wood-house township ... ... .. ... ... 440
Newton-on-the-Moor Township ... ... ... ... ... ... 443
Whittle Township ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 456
H.\zoN AND Haktlaw Townships ... ... ... ... ... •■• 461
BRAINSHAUGH CHAPELRY.
Brainshaugh Chapelry ... ... ... ... ... ... 476
APPENDICES.
Appendix I. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 504
Appendix II. ... ... ... ... ... ... ■■■ ... 5°4
.Appendix III. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ■■• 505
Index ... ... ... ... ... ... ... •■■ 5°?
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
TAGE.
Warkworth Castle from ihc south-west ... ... ... ... frontispiece
Map ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..• I
Iiirling Quarry ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12
Warkworth Castle from the south-east ... ... ... ... ... 18
Seals of Lords of Warkworth ... ... ... ... ... .. 24
(".round Plan of Warkworth Castle ... ... ... ... ... 76
Warkworth Castle from the north-west ... ... ... ... ... 78
„ „ Postern and Buttress of West Curtain ... ... ... 79
„ „ Crakeferjjus ... ... ... ... ... ... 82
„ „ Gatehouse ... ... ... ... ... ... 84
„ ,, Corbel above the Great Gateway ... ... ... ... 84
„ „ Cjatchouse from the Courtyard ... ... ... ... 85
„ „ Little Stair Tower and Stair-head ... ... ... ... 88
„ „ south-east corner of Cireat Hall and section of Respdiid ... " 89
Percy Seals ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 90
Warkworth Castle, Lion Tower ... ... ... ... ... ... gi
„ „ Bascules ... ... ... ... ... ... 92
„ „ Plan of Upper Floors of Lion and Montagu Towers, etc. ... 92
„ „ Bases of Pillars of College ... ... ... ... ... 94
„ „ Plan of Vaults at east end of College ... ... ... 96
„ „ The Grey Mare's Tail ... ... ... ... ... 97
„ „ „ „ Oilets ... ... ... ... 98
„ „ Montagu Tower ... ... ... ... ... ... 100
„ „ Donjon, south side ... ... ... ... ... 102
„ „ „ Entrance Vault ... ... ... ... ... 103
„ „ „ Great Hall ... ... ... ... ... 105
„ „ „ Great Kitchen ... ... ... ... ... 106
„ „ „ Plans of First and Second Floors ... ... 106
„ „ „ Chapel ... ... ... ... ... 107, 108
„ „ „ Great Chamber ... ... ... ... 109
Hermitage, E.\terior ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 124
„ Ground Plan ... ... ... ... ... ... 124
„ Rood and Emblems of the Passion ... ... ... ... 125
„ Outer Chapel and Figure in Niche ... ... ... ... 126
„ Figure of Lady and Recess south of Altar ... ... ... ... 127
„ West end of Outer Chapel, Hagioscope, and Tracery between the Altars 128
„ Quatrefoil and Inner Chapel ... ... ... ... ... 129
„ Stair leading to Orchard ... ... ... ... ... ... 131
ISLap of Township of Warkworth ... ... ... ... ... ... 136
Eighteenth-century Iron Gates ... ... ... ... ... ... 137
Quern... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 138
Warkworth Bridge ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 142
Gatehouse Tower ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 144
The Borough School ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 169
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. xi
rAGK.
Warkworth Church from the north-east ... ... ... ... ... jyo
„ „ Pre-Conquest Headstone ... ... ... ... ... 172
„ „ Ground Plan ... ... ... ... ... lyj
„ „ Interior ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ,7^
„ „ Chancel ... ... ... ... ... ... ,76
„ „ Porch and Parvis ... ... ... ... ... ... 178
,, „ from the south-east ... ... ... ... ... 170
,1 „ Effigy ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ,So
Map of Township of High lUiston ... ... ... ... ... 204
Low Buston Urn ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 219
Gate Pillars at Gloster-hill ... ... ... ... ... ... 261
Roman Altar ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 262
Amble Urns ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...268,269,270
Window of Amble Manor House ... ... ... ... ... ... 279
Ground Plan of Mediffival Remains on Coquet Island ... ... ... 320
Grav-e Cover, etc., at Coquet Island ... ... ... ... ... ... 321
Incised Rocks at Morwick
Morwick Seals
Map of Acklington and Acklington Park Townships ... ... ... 376
Map of Township of Shilbottle ... ... ... ... ... ... 416
A.'ce-hammer ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... i[6
Shilbottle Church in 1824 and Chancel Arch ... ... ... ... ... 432
Ground Plan of Shilbottle Tower ... ... ... ... ... 439
Cottage at Newton-on-the-Moor
Hazon Urn
Hartlaw
Brainshaugh
,, Chapel from the south
„ Ground Plan of Chapel
„ south side of Chancel
Geological Sections
Mason Marks at Warkworth Castle
345
346
444
461
473
476
477
478
479
504
505
HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND.
Issued under the Direction of the Northumberland County History Committee.
The Duke of Northumberland, K.G.
The Bishop of London.
Major-General Sir Wm. Grossman, K.C.M.G
Sir John Evans, K.C.B., F.R.S.
Watson-Askew Robertson, Esq.
Cadwallader J. B.\tes, Esq., M.A.
Edward Bateson, Esq., B.A.
Robert Blair, Esq., F.S.A.
C. B. P. Bosanquet, Esq.
COMMITTEE.
F. W. Dendy, Esq.
Ricv. Wm. Greenwell, M.A.. D.C.L.. F.K.S., F.S.A.
Richard Oliver Heslop, Esq.
Thomas Hodgkin, Esq., D.C.L.
J. Crawford Hodgson, Esq., F.S.A.
John G. Hodgson, Esq.
Richard Welford, Esq., M.A.
E. G. Wheler, Esq.
H. J. Willyams, Esq.
The late Duke of Northumberland.
The Duke of Northumberland, K.G.
The Duke of Portland.
Lord Hastings.
Sir Arthur Middletox, Bart., Belsay Castle.
Sir James Joicey, Bart., M.P., Longhirst.
Major-General Sir Wm. Cross.man, Cheswick.
Sir James Laing, Kt., Etal Manor.
Mark Archer, Esq., Farnacres.
W. Askew-Robertson, Esq., Pallinsburn.
Cadwallader J. Bates, Esq., Langley Castle.
The late Major A. H. Browne, Callaly Castle.
The late Rev. J. Collingwood Bruce, LL.D.,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
GUARANTORS.
The late N. G. Clayton, Esq., Chesters.
W. D. Cruddas, Esq., M.P., Haugliton Castle.
W. F. Henderson, Esq., Moorfield, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne.
Thos. Hodgkin, Esq., D.C.L., Bamburgh Keep.
J. G. Hodgson, Esq., Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Edward Joicey, Esq., Blenkinsopp.
William Milburn, Esq., Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
John D. Milburn, Esq., Barnhill.
The late H. T. Morton, Esq., Twizell House,
Belford.
Hugh Taylor, Esq., Finchley, London.
Thomas Taylor, Esq., Chipchase Castle.
The Duke of Northumberland, K.G.
The Dean and Chapter of Durham.
L. W. Adamson, Esq.
Mrs. Bateson.
W. C. B. Beaumont, Esq.
J. R. Carr-Ellison, Esq.
T. Clutterbuck, Esq.
Rev. T. E. Crawhall.
Capt. Cuthbert.
Middleton H. Dand, Esq.
R. R. Dees, Esq.
John Dickinson, Esq.
George Dunn, Esq.
DONORS.
R. S. Faber, Esq.
C. Frank Forstek, Esq.
G. J. Fenwick, Esq.
James Hall, Esq.
Capt. S. F. T. Leather.
R. Luckley, Esq.
J. D. Milburn, Esq.
Chas. W. Mitchell, Esq.
Charles Romanes, Esq.
J. C. Straker, Esq.
Thos. Taylor, Esq.
G. H. Thompson, Esq.
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE LIST
OF SUBSCRIBERS.
Archer-Hind, T. H., Coombe Fishacre House, Newton Abbot.
Armstrong, William, 7, Station View, Bishop Auckland.
Batten, H. Cary, Abbots Leigh, near Bristol.
Bell, Thomas, 23, Windsor Terrace, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Bell, W. Heward, Melksham, Wilts.
Elswick Mechanics' Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Eyre & Spottiswoode, London, E.C.
Freeman, Mrs., Gosforth.
Glaister, John, Clerkenwell, London, E.C.
Gibson, Jasper, He.xham.
Gibson, William, 8, Gladstone Terrace, Gateshead.
Head, J. Oswald, Hackwood, Hexham.
James, J. J., Morpeth.
Lambton, Capt. W. H., Winslow, Bucks.
Leeds Library, Leeds.
Lockhart, L. C., Summerrods Rigg, He.\ham.
Lockhart, H. F., Prospect House, He.xham.
MacLeod, Rev. R. C, Mitford Vicarage.
Mangin, Rev. R. R., Benwell Vicarage, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Morris, Mrs. E. A., East Herrington, Sunderland.
Neilson, Edward, 17, Brandling Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
North of England School Furnishing Company, Limited, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Northern Counties Club, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Oswald, Joseph, 42, Sanderson Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Paul (Kegan), Trench, Triibner, & Co., Limited, London.
Perceval, Cecil H. S., Longwitton Hall.
Public Record Office, London, W.C.
Riddell, E. Francis, Cheeseburn Grange,
Robson, Michael, Hencotes, Hexham.
XIV LIST or SrUSCRIRERS.
Savage, Rev. E. S., Hexliani.
Sharp-Natcrs, J. G., Jesmond Collage, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Smith, Mrs., Ilencotes House, Hexham.
Stephens, Rev. Thomas, Horsley \'icarage, Otlerburn.
Strakcr, Frederick, Angerton, Morpeth.
Thompson, J. W., 14, St. (ieorge's Terrace, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Tweedy, John, Kelso House, Jesmond, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Wharton, R., Surrey House, Victoria Embankment, London.
Wilkinson, William, Albert Hill, Bishop Auckland.
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
Page II, foot note 2, for 'vol. i. app. i. (17),' read 'vol. iii. app. i. (17).'
Page 12, line 20, for 'Ratcleugh' read ' Ratcheugh.'
Page 119. Robert Davison, born at Warkworth, son of Robert Davison, farmer, was admitted
to St. John's College, Cambridge, at the age of 19, on the i8th March, 1677/8, as
sizar for Mr. Morland. Admissions to St. John's College, Camb. Mayor, pt. ii. p. 67.
Page 134, Hne 8. John Greene was the name of the chaplain appointed by Sir Humphrey Lisle
of Felton, knight (died circa 1516), 'to synge for the soules' of himself, his wife,
and their children, in the chantry which he had founded in the south aisle of
Felton church, and dedicated to St. Cuthbert and St. Anthony. Harvey's
\'isitation of ye North A.D. 1552, in Coll. Arms. Mr. W. B. Lisle's Manuscripts.
Page 199, line 32, /or ' Texterheugh ' read 'Tenterheugh.'
Page 205, line 6, for 'John fitz Robert' read ' Roger fitz John.'
Page 227. Robert, son of Francis Forster of Low Buston, was apprenticed 6th December,
1659, to Thomas Blenkinsop of Newcastle, boothman, but seems to have died
during his apprenticeship. Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, Dendy, vol. ii. p. 285.
Page 305. Jane, widow of John Widdrington of Newcastle and Hauxley, is stated to have
been 88 years of age at the time of her death. Mackenzie, Newcastle, p. 332.
Page 341. Joseph, son of Thomas Smith of Togston, was apprenticed 8th November, 1699,
to Joseph Partis of Newcastle, mercer. He was ordered to be crossed the
books for undue service 8th December, 1726. Newcastle Merchant Adventurers,
Dendy, vol. ii. p. 332.
NQRTHUMBtRLfcHD COUNTY HISTORY VOL.V
n Zi^Vsi^ Si-:.l-r»raii»l Ia*titoW
A
History of Northumberland.
COQUETDALE.
The district proposed to be dealt with in the present volume comprises
two parishes, each with its dependent chapelry, viz. : Warkworth and
Chevington, Shilbottle and Brainshaugh. It embraces nearly fortv square
miles, and extends from Longdike on the confines of Lesbury parish on
the north for a distance of twelve miles to Chevington Moor on the south,
and for seven miles from Newton-on-the-Moor on the west to Hauxley
point on the east. From its most characteristic natural feature it may be
most compendiously described as Lower Coquetdale.
Among all the streams, from the two noble rivers, Tweed and Tyne,
which to some extent form the limits of the county on the north and south,
to the small burns which intersect it in all directions, abounding as thev do
in beauty and interest of feature and association, not one has taken so kindly
and homelike a place in the affections of Northumberland as the Coquet.
No derivation of the name, by Beda and Symeon written Coqued, but in
later though quite early times usually taking the form of Ivoket or Coket,
has hitherto been suggested. A very probable root appears to exist in the
Celtic ' coch,' red. The water, supplied to a large extent from moss-hags
and moorland, has always more or less of a yellowish-brown tinge, and
when in flood, the river comes down of the ' porter ' colour so grateful to
the angler. In times when words beyond those which express general
characteristics were unknown, and when minute and subtle distinctions of
colour were not represented, the water might not improperly be designated
as red. In fact the very term is still in use ; for when a moorland stream is
in flood it is not uncommonly said locally 'she is coming down red.'
Vol. X. I
2 LOWER COQUETDALE.
To tlie geolop;ist, the botanist, the naturalist of every sort, to the lover
of Nature herself in all her varied aspects of wildness, repose, and richness of
form and colour, to the student of history, from the days before written
records existed through the time between to the present, the vale of Coquet
speaks with a full and satisfying voice. The remains of camps dating from
the far distant past and of medieval castles and pele towers bear testimony
to days of warfare and unrest, while churches and monastic houses give
evidence of peace within her borders, all uniting to make up a picture on
which we look with loving and longing eyes. But the glory of Coquetdale
is the river, its streams, and its fish. They live for ever in the memory of all
the disciples of good Izaak Walton, and Northumberland has many of them
among her sons.
I will sing of the Coquet, the dearest of themes,
The haunt of the fisher, the first of a' streams :
There's nane like the Coquet in a' the king's land,
From the cliffs of fam'd Dover to North Britain's strand.
The Coquet for ever, the Coquet for aye !
The Woodhall and Weldon and Felton so gay !
And Brinkburn and Linden wi' a' their sweet pride,
For they add to the beauties of dear Coquet-side.
Among the high lands of the westward extension of the Cheviots, the
mountain barrier between the two kingdoms of mediaeval Britain, the Coquet
takes its rise. Close adjoining its source two" sister streams have their origin ;
the Rede, ultimately merging in the Tyne, taking a southerly course, while
the Kale, first a tributary of the Jed and Teviot, and in the end adding its
waters to the Tweed, makes its way down the northern slope of the hills.
Having its birth among wild and almost desolate wastes, where the green
hills are enlivened only by flocks of sheep and their shepherds and the cry
of the various birds which haunt them, the river in all its earlier progress
flows on through rock and moss and moorland, alike charming in their
natural and undisturbed features, but solitary and even sad in the compara-
tive absence of human life and influence. The Coquet, there a mere brook-
let, leaving its birthplace on Thirlmoor, passes by the camps at Chew Green
or Makedon, of varied and uncertain origin, presently taking a south-easterly
direction, which it more or less maintains until it turns to the east near
Hepple. Somewhat to the left of its course lies the wide tract of pasture
and precipitous moorland, the lordship of Kidland, a valued possession of
the monastery of Newminster, the gift of Odenell and Richard de Umfram-
THE COQUET. 3
vill, where the monks had among the wilds a chapel, Memmerkirk, for
the consolation of their shepherds. Passing onwards over a pebbly bed
glistening with bright coloured agates, the ever-increasing stream flows
through the narrow cleft in the rock, the Wedder Loup, which has its
story, and the still more precipitous cliffs at the Lynn brig to Alwinton,
where on its left bank it receives the white and clear water, hence the
name, of the Alwine. A scanty cultivation here makes its appearance,
leading the way into the more fertile land through which the river '
ultimately flows, and trees begin to assert themselves in the landscape.
A little further down, Harbottle castle, a great landmark in the history
of the county, bringing it into relation with its early social and political
life, rises in strength upon a still earlier defensive work. Originally built
by Henry IL, it stands on the right bank overhanging the river, backed by
the village where the retainers of the great lord clustered round the castle.
Harbottle was the centre of the important Franchise of Redesdale, by the
gift of the Norman Conqueror, equally with the large barony of Prudhoe,
by grant of his son Henry L, a possession of the family of Umframvill,
in the end earls of Angus. With the exception of Warkworth, it was
the most eminent civil place of power in Coquetdale, the castle being in
addition a strong and needful defence against the Scots, as on more than
one occasion it proved itself to be.
Not far distant from Harbottle, on the same bank^ of the river, in
strong contrast to the feudal symbol of earthly power and rule, is Our Lady's
well, where, or in the adjacent river, in earlier days the first Christian
missionary to Northumbria, Paulinus, is said by a tradition, one would
fain believe to be true, to have baptised the humble people who flocked
to the teaching of a milder faith, and where, at a later time, at Holystone
a small Benedictine house for women was founded by the Umframvills.
The far-extending policy and power of the great empire here gives
evidence of its control, for the road from the Roman camp at High
Rochester in Redewater to the Bridge of Aln crossed the river some-
where near Holystone ; and in Cocuneda, the intervening post between
Bremenium and Alauna, there mav be the same root from which the
Coquet takes its name. Nay, more ; Cocuneda, as the Ravenna cosmographer
spells the word, may be, as is not unlikely in that corrupt document, a
misreading of Cocuueda, and in reality merely the river name itself, the
4 LOWER COOUETDAl.K.
' civitas ' being situated ad Coquedam, on the Coquet. The river now ciilcrs
a district rich in remains of an earlier civilization than that of the Anglian
settlement, and the high ground on the sides of the valley is abundant in
earthworks, the castles of an older people in the land than the lords of
Harbottle. The frequent occurrence of barrows and circles of stone, the
places of burial of the ancient race, and the constant discovery of Hint and
other stone and bronze weapons and implements, bear witness to an
extensive occupation at a time before the Roman coveted and conquered
Britain, and even before iron, the metal which has revolutionised war as
well as peace, was known.
In the elbow where the course of the stream leaves its southerly direc-
tion for a more direct one towards the sea, is a place which has undergone
two of the catastrophes by which, in bygone days, the country was so often
subjected to devastation. The village of Wreighhill, in the year 141 2, was
wrecked and the inhabitants killed by a body of Scotch raiders, to be
again, and finally, depopulated by the death of the people during the great
plague of 1665. Lower down the hill, to the south of the AVreighhill, are
the remains of a large and strongly fortified British camp, within whose
ramparts at a later period an Anglian settlement, possibly at Hepple, had
buried their dead, accompanied by various implements and ornaments, a
feature which, though common in Anglian burial places south of the Tees,
is of the rarest occurrence in the cemeteries of that people further north.
The river now turns to the east just before it reaches Hepple, where
are the remains of a pele, the defensive home in which the owner of
the adjacent land sought to protect himself, not only against marauders
from across the Border but against nearer and even neighbouring enemies.
Coquetdale here becomes the possessor of richer and more productive
soil, though the valley is only narrow, hemmed in on the south by the craggy,
well-marked and far-seen range of Simonside, where once the peregrine
had its aery and where the raven still lingers, and on the north by lower
but still high and somewhat sterile land. Between the hills the river flows
through fertile haughs past Caistron on the north bank, a place which takes
its name from the British camp whose ramparts, though much ploughed
down, are still easily to be traced. The place, under the form Kestern, was
for many generations in possession of a familv who, taking their name from
it, were themselves an offshoot of the great house of Gospatric, ultimately
THE COOUET. 5
earls of Dunbar and March, a line which traced its descent from ancient
kings, Celt and Teuton. Lower down the valley, a little distance from the
river, situated on the banks of a small tributary stream, Cartington castle
stands overlooking the moorland. Its earliest recorded possessor, Ralph
son of Main, the king's forester in Northumberland in the middle of the
twelfth century, used on his seal the appropriate device of a wild boar.
A knightly family of Cartington were later, but still early possessors. A
little lower, on the other side of the valley at Tosson, is another well-
defined and characteristic earthwork with a later pele close adjoining, and
passing these, about a mile or so distant from them, the Coquet reaches
the ancient town of Rothbury. A place of some importance before the
Norman Conquest, it was in after times the centre of a wide district and
occupied a prominent position in the county, until the changes incident
to natural growth and the altered conditions of modern progress and
development have left it almost outside the world and perhaps best known
for being, as is asserted, the healthiest place in the kingdom. Belonging to
a time before the Conquest, there still remains in the church, other portions
being in the museum at the Black Gate, Newcastle, part of the shaft of a
cross worthy of more than ordinary attention. It is one of a large and
valuable series of what were almost certainly sepulchral memorials, many
of which are to be found in Northumberland and adjacent districts once
occupied by the Angles. The church was, in the reign of Elizabeth, the
scene of a picturesque and moving incident, one which strongly illustrates the
time when it happened and the place where it occurred. Bernard Gilpin,
' The Apostle of the North,' on one of his beneficent visits to the neglected
wilds of Northumberland, where he found a population almost as savage as
that among whom the earliest Christian missionaries laboured, saw, hung
up in the church, a glove, put there by some local bravo as a gage of battle
to any one who dared to touch it— a kindred spirit to him who across the
Border said of himself.
My name it is little Jock Elliot,
And wha' dare meddle \vi' me ?
When no one had the courage to bring it to him, as Bernard Gilpin
requested, he himself took it down, accepting the challenge, and by his act
rebuking the lawless and vindictive temper which had prompted its sus-
pension. Nor was this the only occasion where in the same church he
exercised the noble charity which through all its course influenced his life.
6 LOWER COQUETDALE.
The ancient rectory, Whitton tower, is a pele similar to the residences
of the incumbents of Ford, Embleton, Elsdon, and Corbridge ; a striking
feature of the time when a man had to hold his goods within a tower of
defence, as he had to hold his life protected by helmet and breastplate, and
when even the ministry of the Church gave no security.
The vallev now becomes narrowed to little more than the width of the
stream, and widening out as it proceeds eastward, with the river flowing in a
picturesque and rapid course, embraces Brinkburn, settled down in its
retired but most delightful habitation. The spot is now as much hidden from
sight as when the Scotch invaders are said to have only discovered the place
bv the sound of the bell, which the canons of the Augustinian house, in joy
at their deliverance, had caused too soon to be rung. Past Weldon Bridge,
the dearly loved haunt of the angler and the source of many a charming
Coquetdale fishing song :
The Tweed he may bray' o' his sawmon, There's wine i' the cellars o' Weldon,
An' blaw of his whitlins the Till, If ye ken the turn o' the key ;
There's pikes i' the pools o' Reed-water, There's bonnie, braw lasses o' Coquet,
But Coquet's the top o' them still ; If ye ken the blink o' their e'e ;
So, fill up your broad brimmin' glasses. There's braw yellow trouts up at Brinkburn,
An' fishermen stand in a raw, If ye ken the place where to thraw ;
An' — success to the bonnie red heckle, So here's to the bonnie red heckle,
The heckle that tackled them a' ! The heckle that tackled them a' !
Past Felton, with its quaint bridge and old-world village, seated among all
the pleasantness of Northumbrian grass, wood and water-land, the Coquet
flows on for many a mile through trees and green pastures, in one of which
are still preserved the ruins of the twelfth-century church of St. Wilfrid of
Gvsnes. At Morwick, in the same beautiful scenerv, on the face of a rock
which bounds the river on the south, is a series of engraved circles cut in
the stone. Thev are somewhat similar to the eniajmatical and hitherto
unexplained sjanbols abundant in Northumberland, to be found in Coquet-
dale at Lordensha'ws and Old Rothbury, belonging probably to the same
remote time when the Briton, equipped with a bow and arrow tipped with
flint, hunted the red deer through all the extent of a valley from which
the beast has long ago passed away.
It is impossible to think of the Coquet in its lower reaches without the
hermitage of Warkworth claiming a place among its many notable features.
Hewn out of the rock, itself not without merit as a work of art, and sur-
rounded by objects of more than common beauty, it possesses a charm quite
THE COQUET. 7
apart from the story that has invested it with a romantic but fanciful interest.
Like the circles cut in the rock at Morwick, the later hermitage cut out
of the rock at Warkworth is equally removed from interpretation and in its
origin is encircled by the same halo of mystery.
As the Coquet nears its mouth the historical associations of the valley
do not become less. The old town of Warkworth with its bridge and the
gate tower defending it, and the church, a more than commonly important
one among the parish churches of the north, stand out as points of vantage
even when viewed alongside the towering and dominating castle of the
Claverings and the Percies. High above the river, the keep placed upon
a mound where perhaps once stood the wooden and palisaded mansion of
an Anglian king, the great pile raises its walls in defence of the lower part of
Coquetdale and the entrance into the eastern limits of the country, as the
castle of the Umframvills at Harbottle guarded its upper course and the
country further to the west. The river now loses its more picturesque
surroundings and flows through a flat stretch of land among the sand dunes
of the coast-line by a winding route to the sea. It passes Amble, where
was once a small cell connected with the monastic house of Tynemouth,
now a large shipping port for coal, that great product of the earth which
has so completely altered the appearance and condition of much of
Northumberland, and finally enters the North Sea opposite to the near
adjoining rocky area of Coquet Island. Here, in the latter part of the
seventh century (684), Aelfled, the sister of King Ecgfrid, abbess of
Streanaeshalch, had a meeting with Cuthbert, when the great northern saint
was unwilling to leave his retirement on Fame to undertake the charge of
a bishopric. His scruples were ultimately overruled, when he became
bishop at Lindisfarne, where he had so long held rule as prior, having been
chosen at the synod, held under the presidency of Archbishop Theodore,
at the not far distant Adtuifyrdi. Thus the two limits of the dale of
Coquet become united bv the missionary energy of the earliest days of
Christian Northumbria in the tradition of Paulinas at Holystone and the
presence of Cuthbert at Coquet Island.
LOWER COOUETDALE.
GEOLOGY.
The countiT described in the following pages is occupied chiefly
bv rocks of Upper Carboniferous age. The high ground forming the
western portion of the district is, however, occupied by the southern
continuation of the ridge of limestones, shales, and coals, which constitute
the upper portion of Tate's 'Calcareous' division. These have been described
in dealing with the parishes of Longhoughton and Lesbury. Regarding
the upper limit of these rocks, it was pointed out when describing their
outcrop at Ahnnouth, that two distinct systems of classification exist. The
officers of H.M. Geological vSurvey adopt, apparently, the lowest coal-seam
in the grits as their base for this attenuated group in Northumberland. The
outcrop of the 'Calcareous' division terminates against a line drawn from
north-north-east to south-south-west passing through Shortridge, Brother-
wick, East Thirston, and Eshot-heugh, about a mile and a half to the
east of the outcrop of the Fell-top Limestone. The official line separating
the Millstone Grit beds from the true Coal-measure series is still more
arbitrarv, and is drawn" at the base of the 'Yard' or 'Bottom' seam. The
line of junction as thus defined will run south-south-west from Warkworth
castle, bv the east side of Acklington to Eshott, and thence south-east to the
southern boundary of Warkworth parish, a little to the north of Stobswood.
We may, therefore, consider the Coquet at Warkworth as forming the
northern boundarv of the Northumberland Coal-measures. This coal-field
occupies the eastern portion of the parish, covering a track of country
of about 12 square miles between the Coquet and the Chibburn. It is
separated from the main bodv of the Newcastle coal-field by a strip of
unknown ground lying between the Chibburn and Widdrington colliery.
There are at present only two collieries drawing coal in this area, viz.,
Broomhill and Radcliffe (at Togston a new shaft is being sunk) ; but there
have been several small land-sale pits worked from time to time in various
places. The correlation of the seams at Broomhill and Radcliffe and
elsewhere in the northern field, is well established for their own district,
and the same may be said of the seams at Ashington, Widdrington, and
the area to the south generally ; but the seams at Broomhill and Radcliff'e
cannot with anv certainty be correlated with those of Ashington and
Widdrington. The following table gives a list of the principal coal-seams
GEOLOGY.
9
in the district met with in the Radcliffe pit, with their depth from the
surface and their possible equivalents in the main coal-field, according to
Mr. M. Walton Brown :— '
Name of Coal.
Depth from
Surface.
Thicl
ness.
Nature of Coal.
Or Horizon of
Fths.
Ft. In.
Ft.
In.
No name
1^
5 5
2
5
Not worked
—
No name
21
3 S
2
1
Not worked
Radcliffe Seam ...
3'
O 2
6
O
Steam coal
Hutton of Wallscnd.
Albert Seam
49
5 2
■5
o
Steam coal
Main of Wallsend.
Oueen Seam
66
o 9
4
o
Household coal...
—
Princess Seam ...
So
O I I
4
6
Steam coal
Beaumont.
Duke Seam
8S
o o
J
o
Steam coal
Busty of Wallsend.
Yard Seam
95
o o
3
o
Steam coal
1 Coal above the ISrock-
well .Seam.
The beds appear to be disposed in a double basin, due to the faulting
of a synclinal trough. On the coast, near Warkworth harbour, the beds
dip gently to the south-east, the normal dip in the district; but a little
further south, off Hau.xley Carrs, the dip is found to have changed to north
and north-west, and it is not until a point some miles further to the south
is reached that they are found to roll over in an anticlinal arch and resume
their normal dip to the south-east.
Generallv speaking, this little coal-field is conspicuously free from faults.
In its northern portion, however, it is intersected by three disturbances.
The Acklington dyke traverses the district as described below, while two
important east and west faults on either side of the dyke, and having down-
throws to the south, cause a repetition of a considerable thickness of strata,
including the Radcliffe and Albert seams. The fault to the south of the
dyke is met with at Bondicar farm, and has a downthrow of 8o fathoms ; it
runs nearly due west to Togston farm, where it appears to die out altogether.
Here, according to the government survey, it is met by a north and south
fault running north to Moor-house. The other east and west fault occurs
three quarters of a mile to the north of the dyke, and has been proved in
Radcliffe collierv, where it has a downthrow of lOO fathoms to the south.
According to the 6 inch government geological map the Acklington
dyke also occupies the line of a fault, shifting the outcrop of the Millstone
Grit beds and the Coal-measures at their junction, and cutting off, on the
north, all the coal-seams which strike at it from the south; as, however,
' App. i. (10).
Vol. V. 2
lO LOWER COOUETDAI.E.
it neither shifts the large faults nor is shifted by them on the map, this
reading of the disturbances of the district should perhaps be regarded as
provisional, and need not necessarily discourage prospecting for coal in
the Togston district. It must, however, be borne in mind that, as the
general dip is towards the east, many of the seams met with near Radcliffe
must crop out as we travel to the west. On the other hand, owing to the
small thickness of the Millstone Grit in this district, it is not improbable
that the coals in the underlying limestone series may some day be profitably
worked beneath this area.
Of the collieries now working in the district, Broomhill dates back a
considerable time, but it is only for the last five and twentv years that
it has been worked upon an extensive scale. The present production is
450,000 tons per annum, and it is the largest pit (as distinct from colliery) in
the North of England. An interesting example of a ' wash out ' occurs here
in the ' Main ' seam, which has removed the coal in this seam over an area
of about 350 acres. The coal is somewhat above its normal thickness near
the edges of the wash, and is also piled up in isolated patches or islands,
here and there, in the middle of it ; so that possibly little, if any, of the
coal is altogether swept away, though left in a position which renders much
of it unworkable. Some of the underclays in this pit are of good quality
and are manufactured locally into fire-bricks.
Radcliffe colliery includes the old Radcliffe pit, opened in 1837, and
the Newburgh pit, opened in 1893. A colliery at Hauxley was reported
on in 1804.^ A record is also preserved of a bore put down at Amble
harbour in 1793.^ The original pit was won by a London company, who
also constructed a harbour at Amble, expending during the first twenty
years about a quarter of a million on the two projects. The coals are
shipped chiefly at Tyne Dock and Amble harbour. The Newburgh pit is
sunk to the south of the second of the big faults mentioned above ; it is
not yet in full work, but is already producing about 200,000 tons a year.
Here the 'Princess' or 'Top' seam has been followed for a considerable
distance under the sea ; and from the indications here and at Broomhill,
where the ' Main ' or ' Duke ' seam has been followed down to high water
mark, it appears probable that the coal-field extends for several miles
below the ocean.''
' App. i. (2). - App. i. (i). ^ For sections of strata sunk through in this district see app. ii.
GEOLOGY. I I
The Limestone and Millstone Grit series in this district do not call tor
any special remarks as a whole. Throughout the greater portion of their
outcrop they are concealed by drift. In the north-west, however, the Great
Limestone and associated beds rise to the surface to form the high ground
between Longframlington and Shilbottle. The beds are considerably
displaced near the latter place by a series of east and west faults.
The outcrop of the Great Limestone may be traced by an almost
continuous row of old quarries.^ The underlying coal and that beneath the
Four-fathom Limestone below, have also been worked in numerous places.
At Shilbottle and Newton-on-the-Moor pits have been sunk to the coal
underlying the Six-yard Limestone, w^hich is, in this district, the most
valuable seam in the limestone series.^ At Newton the drawings are about
30 tons a day ; but the Great and Little Limestone coals are said to be
unworkable.'
Igneous Rucks. — The igneous rocks exposed in the district are not
numerous. The Acklington whin dyke, which stretches from the North-
umberland coast westwards through the Cheviots into Scotland, is the most
continuous dyke in the county. It reaches the coast near Bondicar, where,
however, it is not usually visible. Inland it is seen at Acklington, where it is
30 feet wide ; it has here been extensively quarried for road metal, and is
chiefly conspicuous by its absence, being represented by a long water-logged
trench. It appears further west, high up on the west bank of the Coquet,
half a mile south of Brainshaugh, and again on the left hand side of the road
half a mile north of Swarland. Mr. Teal describes the rock as similar in
many respects to the Cleveland dyke, in consequence of which he regards
it as of Tertiary age."* Another dyke, the ' Trobe's Dene ' dyke, appears
underground in Shilbottle colliery, and runs roughly east and west. Two
horizontal sheets of whin also occur in the same colliery, and have been
variously attributed to lateral overflows from this dyke and to extensions
from the whin sill which crops out a little further to the west.
Drift. — Although, as previously stated, the outcrop of the Carboniferous
rocks is masked, over the greater portion of the district, by drift, very few
good exposures of the latter deposits occur, though good glacial scratches
running nearly north and south are seen at Birling Carrs and on the surface
of the rocks in Birling quarry. At two places, however, we meet with
sections of the boulder clav of considerable interest.
' App. i. (15). - Vol. i. app. i. (17). ' App. i. (7). ■= Vol. iii. app. i. (19).
12 LOWER COOUETDALE.
The first of these sections is visible along the coast between Hadston
Cans and the motith of Chevington burn. To the north of this the coast is
almost entirely buried bv sand dunes, which are constantly shifting their
position, alternately exposing and burying portions of the foreshore. This
fact, coupled with the steady encroachment of the sea, must of necessity cause
the rapid obliteration of any exposure of drift deposits situated below the
high water level of spring tides, and the large number of whinstone blocks
derived from the boulder clay scattered along the shore in Druridge Bay
bear ample testimony to the rapidity of erosion on this portion of the coast.
At the present moment (December, 1898) an admirable section of the
boulder clay is exposed in the form of a little cliff opposite the Hadston
Carrs. Where first met with, at its most northerly point, this consists of a
stiff unstratified blue clay. Throughout this clay are scattered, in great
abundance, blocks of rocks common to the boulder clay of the district, all
apparently derived from the north and west. Cheviot porphyrites, grey
limestones, with productiis giganteus^ black limestone from Little Mill or
Lowick, local sandstone, shales, ganister, and coal fragments occur plenti-
fully ; by far the most conspicuous, however, are the large boulders of lime-
stone and whin, many of which are upwards of 2 feet in diameter. Many of
the whin fragments have the granitic appearance of the Ratcleugh outcrop,
and all the erratics come from the north and north-west.
At the mouth of Bondicar burn, opposite Elm Bush rock, a bed of peat
8 inches thick occurs, resting on the surface of the clay, from which large
tree roots, 3 feet long and half an inch in diameter, penetrate vertically
downwards into the clay ; inland, however, the section is buried and
obscured by sand. The boulder clay and the peat bed have both a slight
dip to the north-east at this point, and the growth of the vegetation
evidently took place in situ, and no doubt forms a continuation of the
deposit exposed in 1849 at Howick.
On careful examination of the section it will be found that the clay can
be divided into two portions, having a marked unconformity between them.
This is well seen if the section is followed to the south of Togston links
and Hadston Carrs. Here the clays are found to be quite distinct in
character, the lower clav as described above, stiff and structureless, and
full of large boulders, the upper portion almost devoid of erratics, those
which occur being in the lowest portion of the deposit, and, apparently.
>
cc
<
D
m
GEOLOGY. 13
derived from the denudation of the upper surface of the lower clay, a nearly
continuous layer of boulders frequently marking the junction between the
two beds/ The pebbles scattered through the upper clay are small, and
appear to be to some extent water-worn, having lost the stria; and sub-
angular contours so characteristic of the boulders in the lower clay.
The character of the upper clay is more porous. As a direct result
of this we have a line of springs thrown out along the junction of the two
beds, a fact which emphasises the unconformity in many places. Another
distinction is visible in the colour of the two clays, the upper bed having
a purple and mottled appearance, while the colour of the lower bed is of a
uniform slaty blue. Finally, the upper bed shows a distinct tendency to
vertical jointing, while the lower clay is entirely structureless ; this last
distinction is, perhaps, of special value on account of the light it appears to
throw on the diflFerent circumstances attending the formation of the two beds.
The upper clav was evidentlv formed under much wetter conditions
than the lower ; in drying, therefore, and consolidating, the material under-
went considerable shrinkage, and during this process the system of vertical
joints was produced, which converted it into a comparatively porous bed.
The character of the pebbles mentioned above would tend to confirm
this view, though the striking absence of stratification would seem to
preclude the possibility of the deposit having accumulated under water.
In the lower clay the total absence of jointing and the impervious nature
of the clay, taken together with the character of the boulders, would
seem to point to a true glacial accumulation in which water took no
essential part.
A section strikingly confirmatory of these conclusions is seen in the
large freestone quarry between Birling and Warkworth." Here the drift
deposits are again readily found to be divisible into the upper mottled clay,
with its characteristic vertical jointing, and a lower compact boulder clay.
Again the upper clay is conspicuous by the scarcity of its boulders, and
the small size of those which do occur, while the line of erratics, at the
junction of the two, is even more noticeable than in the coast section, but
in neither section is there any trace of sands or gravels separating the
two clays.
' This is very noticeable in the well section at Shilbottle. App. i. (14) and app. ii.
- See plate of Birling quarry, showing ' drift' clay overlying the Northumberland boulder clay.
14 LOWER COQUETDALE.
In some portions ol the district, however, sands and gra\cls arc found.
A considerable spread of these accumulations occurs round Felton, from
which a narrow strip runs along the railway cutting southward to Stobswood
collieries. Another local development is seen on Warkworth Moor, whence
it runs south nearly to Acklington, and northward through Brotherwick
to Buston. These patches are doubtless merely isolated fragments of what
must formerly have been a much more continuous deposit : in no case,
however, can they be traced under the clays, and the evidence would
seem to indicate a more recent date for their origin than for that of either
of the two clays described above. In some of the colliery borings in the
district, however, sands were encountered overlaid by clay. In Northum-
berland the term ' drift,' used bv the officers of H.M. Geological Survey
to include all these deposits, does not appear to be a very happy one,
and it mav eventuallv be found more convenient to restrict the term 'drift'
to the upper of the two clays, with the accompanying sands and gravels,
and to speak of the lower clay, with its typical glacial characteristics, as
' the Northumberland boulder clay.'
Near Wintrick, between Bockenfield and Eshott hall, tiles are still
manufactured, and a shallow cutting displavs an unstratified mottled clay
3 feet thick, containing only a few small pebbles of limestone and grit.
It shows the same tendency to vertical jointing as on the coast, and no doubt
represents the upper of the two clays described above.
AGRICULTURE.
Although the section of Northumberland covered by this volume is not a
lariie one, the asricultural conditions varv considerablv and cannot be referred
to anv distinct tvpe. In the neighbourhood of High Buston, and southwards
along the railway as far as the Coquet, the soil consists of high-class fairly
heavy loam, much of which is kept under the Northumberland five-course
rotation of crops: (i) green crop, (2) cereal, (3) hay, (4) pasture, (5) oats;
but on some estates the system known as the Bedfordshire four-course shift
is adopted. The green crop is generally turnips or swedes, though a few
farms also show a small area of mangels, which, in a good season, yield
well, and furnish valuable food for stock in April, a critical month in the
stock-breeder's calendar. Considerable attention is also given to the cultiva-
AGRICULTURE. 1 5
tion of potatoes, a crop which is, however, of relatively subordinate
importance in this countv. Of the common cereals, wheat occupies the
smallest area, opportunities for sowing a winter variety after roots being
available only in an exceptionally favourable autumn. Spring wheat and
rye are very rarely cultivated. On the lighter class of land, and especially
after 'folded' roots, barley is usually taken. Under other circumstances,
and invariably after pasture, oats are grown, the yield not unfrequently
amounting to 70 bushels and upwards per acre. The mixture of seeds for
hay and pasture is approximately 30 lbs. of ryegrass and 10 lbs. of clovers
per acre, the resulting crop being utilized as hay in the first season, and as
pasture in the second. Now and again one sees a field of pure trefoil
{Medicago lupulina), a crop which is invariably grazed by ewes and lambs.
Interspersed with the tillage fields near the coast between the Aln and
Coquet, and also along the course of the latter stream as far as Felton, are
found excellent old pastures, which are generally maintained in high condition
by the liberal use of cake.
Between the Coquet and Chevington the soil is, for the most part, a cold,
ungenial clay ; the land being, with few exceptions, under pasture of distinctly
inferior character. Within the last few years a marked improvement has been
effected on grass land of this description by the liberal use of basic slag.
For application to pastures this substance has almost entirely displaced bones
and other forms of phosphate, and where judiciously employed its use has
generally been highly profitable.
Towards the western boundary of this section of the county tillage
entirely ceases, and even enclosed fields become scarce, the high ground of
Framlington Common and Alnwick Moor being still in the condition of
natural hill pasture.
On the tillage farms and lower ground the sheep are, for the most part,
half-breds. These mav be the product of crossing the Cheviot ewe with
the Border-Leicester ram, or may be got from parents both of which are
half-bred. While farmers freely use ewes bred on the latter system, the
rams they employ are generally of the 'first-cross,' that is to say, they are
the direct offspring of the Cheviot ewe. In a few cases a Border-Leicester
ram is put to the half-bred ewe, the union resulting in a three-parts-bred
lamb, but such lambs are somewhat lacking in hardiness, and are not com-
mon in this district. On the poorer and colder classes of enclosed land
i6
LOWER COOUETDALE.
'cast' or 'draft' cwcs of the Cheviot or blackfaced breeds, purchased in
autumn, are mated with the Border-Leicester ram, both ewes and lambs
being sold in the summer or autumn of the succeeding year. Occasionally
one meets with Oxford, Shropshire, and Suffolk rams, but the use of such
sires cannot be said to be spreading rapidly in this district. On the high
ground to the west conditions of food and climate limit the farmer's choice
to the Cheviot and blackfaced breeds, which, under such circumstances, are
represented by both sexes.
The cattle are chiefly of the shorthorn breed, though in rare instances,
West Highland, Galloway, and polled Angus cows are mated with the short-
horn bull. On the tillage farms, and on the better class of pastures, a
considerable number of cattle are annually prepared for the butcher, but the
low prices at present current for beef have tended to curtail operations in
this department of farming. Except where the conditions are specially
favourable for breeding or fattening, the practice is to purchase home-bred or
Irish 'stores' in spring, and to sell them to feeders in September or October.
Of late years the profits from the 'summering' of such cattle have not been
satisfactory.
The horses, pigs, and poultrv are of a useful class, but exhibit no
distinctive characteristics. The ordinary farm draught horse is generally of
the Clydesdale strain, while the pigs are of the type known as Middle York-
shire. The raising of poultry on a somewhat extensive scale has received a
trial, but appears to have failed to furnish encouraging results.
Leases, at one time common, have now become rare, farms being almost
invariably held on a yearly agreement The time of entry is the May term,
the outgoing tenant being paid for the grass seeds which he sowed in the
previous spring, and leaving all farm-yard manure, made after the first of
October, to his successor without payment. On the duke of Northumber-
land's estates, however, the in-coming tenant enters at Lady day and has not
to pay for any away-going crop. Free sale of straw, sometimes also of hav,
is generally prohibited, and it is not unusual for the tenant to be restricted
as regards his system of cropping, and the area under potatoes. At the
termination of his tenancy a farmer is under an obligation to leave hedges,
fences, gates, ditches, and drains in a satisfactory state of repair.
DIALECT. 17
DIALECT.
The course of the river Coquet, from its mouth to a point east of
Rothbury, forms a boundary between two varieties of dialect speech. The
speech heard north of this limit as fav as the Border and within the area of
the ancient Franchise of Redesdale may be conveniently called the North
Northumberland variety, whilst from the Coquet southward, between the
points named, and within the area drained by the Wansbeck, the Blyth, and
the Pont as far as the eastern outskirts of Stamfordham, the variety may be
called that of South Northumberland.
Within the southern area, the difference is chiefly one of intonation and
of the greater deliberation with which fractured vowel sounds are vocalised.
In actual speech it is suflficiently pronounced to constitute a well-marked
variety.
The division here indicated diff"ers from a classification in which the
term ' Mid-Northumberland ' has been applied to the variety of dialect
speech heard within the county from the river Wansbeck northward to a
line drawn from Cheviot through a point two miles south of Wooler, across
the county to the sea near Bamburgh.^ But this localisation was avowedly
one in which varieties were only roughly located, and not always accurately
or completely characterised.^
Ten examples of the speech heard in North Northumberland, including
a lengthy example from Warkworth, have been reduced to dialectal palaeo-
type by Mr. A. J. Ellis,^ who has analysed the sentences and compared the
word-lists with Wessex, Norse, and Romance equivalents.* The same
investigator has also given a phonetic rendering of a Warkworth exarnple of
speech in English glossic.'^ But of the district south of the Coquet, and
within the area designated as including the variety here called South
Northumberland speech, only one example has been palaeotyped. It was
probablv this lack of material for the southern portion which caused Mr.
Ellis to carry his line of demarcation as far south as the Wansbeck.
'A. J. Ellis, Early English Pronunciation; pt. v. Existing Phonology of English Dialects, 1889,
pp. 23, 641. -Ibid. -p. 7. ^ /Wrf. pp. 656, 666. ■" 76i(?. pp. 678, 680.
* A. J. Ellis, English Dialects, their Sounds and Homes, 1890, p. 130.
Vol. V.
1 8 WARKWORTH PARISH.
WAR K WORTH.
npHE parish of Warkworth has a sea-board of ten miles, extending south-
wards from the estuary of the Aln to the mouth of the Ladv burn in
the middle of Druridge Bay. Its area of 17,455 acres is divided into
the eighteen townships of Warkworth, Birling, High Buston, Low Buston,
Sturton Grange, Walk-mill, Brotherwick, Amble, Hauxley, Gloster-hill,
Togston, Morwick, Acklington, Acklington park, West Chevington,
Bullocks-hall, East Chevington, and Hadston, the last four forming the
chapelry of Chevington. There is scarcely one of these townships which
does not yield material for familv history, whilst that of Warkworth is
enriched by castle, hermitage, and church.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.'
The moated mound, on which now stands the donjon of Warkworth
castle, was, in all likelihood, originally occupied by the 'worth'" or palace
of the Ocgings, a line of Bernician princes who claimed descent from Ida of
Bamburgh, though not from his queen. A considerable tract of country was
attached to ' Werceworde ' in those early days, stretching, we are told, from
the Line Water nearly to Alnmouth along the coast, though not including
Hauxley, and as far inland as the civitas of ' Brincewelae."
In the beginning of .the eighth century a revolution raised the Ocging
Cenred to the Northumbrian throne, on which he was succeeded eventually
by his brother Ceolwulf in 729. On the first appearance of Bede's
Ecclesiastical History of the English Natian^ King Ceolwulf requested that
it might be sent to him to read, and to ' Ceolwulf the Most Glorious ' Bede
subsequently addressed the preface, extolling him for his own love of history,
' The account of Warkworth castle has been mainly written by Mr. Bates after a thorough revision of
that given in Border Holds, i. p. 8 1.
- ' Worth,' a hall, palace ; the Latin 'atrium.' Cf. Cambridge Gospels, Matt. .\xvi. v. 69 : ' Peter sat
without in the "worth" (palace)'; Mark xiv. v. 54 : 'the "worth" (palace) of the high priest.' Bosworth,
Aii^lo-Sitxon Dictionary. The termination 'wortli' in names of places, of which we have other instances
in Northumberland in Backworth and Killingworth, is not now met with, it seems, north of Warkworth ;
but Ewart in Glendalc was formerly Eworth.'and just over the Border was Jedworth, a name now lost in
that of Jedburgh.
' ' Et hi sunt termini istius villae (Werceworthe). Ab aqua quae vocatur Lina, usque ad Cocwuda, et
inde usque ad civitatem quae vocatur Brincewelae, et a Cocwuda usque ad Hafodscclfe (Hauxley) versus
orientem, et ab Alna usque in dimidiam viam intei Cocwud et Aln.a.' Sym. Dunelm. Hist, dc S. Cutldicrto,
§ 8 (Rolls ed. i. p. 201). Brincewelae is probably Brinkburn, the Brincabmch of John of Hexham {ibid. ii.
p. 329), as Brainshaugh seems to have been included in this bounder of Warkworth under the name of
' Bregesne ' (see p. 19, n. i post).
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WARKWORTH CASTLE. 1 9
and his desire that the knowledge of it should be spread among his subjects.
In an appendix written in 731, however, our great historian had to confess
that the opening of Ceolwulfs reign was so full of civil disorder that it was
impossible to write an account of it, or to predict the turn events might take
— apprehensions more than justified, for, in the very next year, the king was
seized, shorn, and forced into a monastery, and then almost immediately
restored. The remainder of Ceolwulfs reign did much to add, in all outward .
appearance, to the glories of Northumberland ; and Warkworth could have
been in little dread of any foreign invasion when he laid the foundations of
the church of St. Lawrence there on the very brink of the Coquet. Bede,
however, with the political insight of a true historian, foresaw the dangers
likely to arise from the fashion of crowding into monasteries, then prevalent
among Northumbrians, to the entire neglect of the profession of arms.
'What will be the result,' he adds almost prophetically, 'the next age will
show.' He had been dead only two years when Ceolwulf himself resigned
his crown in 737, and not only became a monk at Lindisfarne, but bestowed
on St. Cuthbert Warkworth and other large estates.^
The exemption of the inhabitants of monastic lands from the duties of
militarv service must have been a great weakness to Northumberland when
exposed to the ravages of the Danes in the ninth century. On this account,
possibly. King Osbert took Warkworth from the monks. His doing so was
regarded as sacrilege, and held to be meetly punished by his death in battle
in 867.- Eight years later, the savage Halfdene seems to have sailed into
the Coquet, and, verifying as it were the prediction of Bede, to have laid
waste ' Wyrcesforde.''
The moral of Osbert's fate was thrown away on the succeeding kings and
earls who retained the possession he had resumed. The great Norman earl,
Robert de Mowbray, increased this sin in the eyes of the monks of Durham
by giving the very tithes of Warkworth to his rival foundation at Tynemouth ;
' ' Intravit autem (Ceolwulfus) Lindisfarnense monasterium, sancto Cuthberto secum conferens
thesaiu'os regies et terras, id est, Bregesne et Werceworde, cum suis appendiciis, simul et ecclesiam quani
ibidem aediticaverat.' Sym. Dun. Hist. Dunchn. Eaics. lib. ii. c. i. (Rolls ed. i. P- ,47)- . ' Werchewurd
qiioque ipsius ecclesiae possessio erat, donante rege Ceolwlfo cum omnibus appenditiis suis. Hanc enim
mansionem ipse rex, abrenuntians mundo, secum ecclesiae Lindisfarnesi contulit.' Ibiil. Hist. Rcgum, § S9
(Rolls ed. ii. p. 102).
- 'Osberhtus rex abstulit sancto Cuthberto duas villas Werceworthe et Tyllemuth. Sed post spatium
unius anni eripuit Deus ab eo vitam et regnum.' Ibiil. Hist, de S. Cuthberto, § 10 (Rolls ed. i. p. 201).
' ' Halfdene rex Danorum in Tinam intravit, et usque Wyrcesforde navigavit, omnia vastans, et contra
sanctum Cuthbertum crudeliter peccans.' Ibid. § 12 (Rolls ed. i. p. 202). Warkworth was the first place
north of the Tyne where Halfdene could ' cruelly sin ' against St. Cuthbert. The termination ' ford^ seems
in a great many cases to be a corruption of ' worth,' e.g., ' Kentisford or Kentisworth, anciently Kentles-
worth.' Hutchins, Dorset (ist ed.j, ii. p. 397.
20 WARKWORTH PARISH.
and the church itself conferred by Henry I. on his chaplain Richard de Aurea
Valle, afterwards came into the patronage of the bishops of Carlisle.
A tradition, preserved by Leland, declares that Warkvvorth castle once
belonged to the Merlays, who were followers of the Norman earls Geoffrey
of Coutances and his nephew, Robert de Mowbray. They certainly gave
Morwick, in the immediate neighbourhood of Warkworth, to Durham at
the end of the eleventh century. Warkworth may have been confiscated
on account of the share the Merlays took in Mowbray's rebellion, and their
gift of Morwick, though subsequently confirmed bv them, invalidated on
the same grounds. It is stated in an abstract of 1673 that Warkworth 'of
ancient tyme was of the possessions of one Robert Grenville and in the
tyme of King Henry the First came to the prince's hands by eschete.''
A curious number of historical facts have been preserved in charters
connected with the salt-pans at Warkworth, during the troublous reign
of Stephen. One of these salt-pans was granted to the Cistercian com-
munity, which settled at Newminster in 1138, by Simon de St. Liz, earl of
Northumberland, the eldest grandson of Waltheof.^ His half brother
Henry, the son of David, king of Scotland, who was made earl of North-
umberland by the Treaty of Durham in 1139, confirmed this charter,^ and
bestowed another of these salt-pans on the priory of Brinkburn.'' The
abbey of Alnwick, too, received from its founder Eustace fitz John in 1147
a salt-pan at Warkworth.^ After the death of Earl Henry in 1 152, his young
son. Earl William, who became king of Scots on the death of his brother
Malcolm in 1165, confirmed the Brinkburn canons in their rights."
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. The pedigree of the Grenville family, vol. ii. p. 229 of this work,
begins with Nicholas de Grenville, baron of Ellingham at the death of Henry i.
- 'Notum sit tarn presentibus quam futuris, quod ego Simon comes Northumbriae monachis Xo\ i Mon.
concessi et dedi pro salute aniniae meae et meorum antecesorum propinquiorem salinam de Werkwonl,'
etc. Neu-miitstcr Chartulary. ,Surt. Soc. No. 66, p. 212. Had it not been for this charter we should
not have known that Simon de St. Liz was ever earl of Norihumberland.
' ' Henricus comes, filius regis Scociae . . . salinam unam apud Werkworth, propinquiorem scil. villae
quam Comes Simon frater meus.' etc. Ibid. William del \'elzpont (V'ipont; gave to Newminster his land
near the salt-work granted to it by Earl Henry. Ibid. p. 213.
* Brinkburn Chartulary. Surt. Soc. No. 90, p. 141.
''Unam salinam in Werkwordia.' Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 273 n. It does not appear how
Eustace fitz John obtained this salt-work, the first possession of his family in Warkworth. The right
to it was afterwards in dispute between the 'domus de Werkeword ordinis Pracmonstratensis' and the
abbey of Newminster. Newminster Chartulary. Surt. Soc. No. 66, p. 205.
' Brinkburn Chartulary, p. 142, where the name 'Vill'm' ' in the original .MS., British Museum, has been
erroneously printed '.Malcomus,' which is also historically improbable. The style of Earl William in this
charter is very remarkable :' Villelmus de Gwarenne Comes Northumbriae.' His mother, the Countess
Ada, was daughter (but not heiress) of William de Warren, second earl of Surrey. The young Earl
William was not the only lord of Warkworlh who for want of a paternal surname adopted that of his
mother's family (see post pp. 25, 27, 29).
W ARK WORTH CASTLE. 21
By this time a castle of some sort must have risen at WaHcworth, since
Henry II., in a charter attested by his brother William of Anjou, gave and
confirmed to Roger the son of Richard, for service rendered, the castle and
manor of ' Werkevvrde,' to be held by him and his heirs as the hereditary fee
of one knight, with all that belonged to them as well and as entirely as ever
his grandfather Henry I. had held that manor.' The Richard in question
was Richard fitz Eustace, constable of Chester," son, by his second marriage,
of Eustace fitz John, lord of Alnwick.
Eustace fitz John had fallen, an aged warrior, in the ambuscade laid for
Henry II. bv Owen of North Wales in the wooded defile of Coleshill,
between Flint and Holywell, in 1157. The English army was in danger of
annihilation. The constable, Henry of Essex, believing the king had been
slain, threw down the roval standard and took to flight. A total rout was
only averted by King Henry proving himself alive by raising the vizor of his
helmet, and by the earl of Clare providentially arriving with fresh troops.^
Henry marched on to Rhuddlan in a rage,'' and there issued a charter
confirming William de Vesci, the eldest son of Eustace fitz John's second
marriage, in the barony of Alnwick and other possessions of his father."
It is probable that the grant of the castle and manor of Warkworth to
' ' Henricus Dei gratia Rex Angliae Dux Normandiae at Aquitaniae et Comes Andegaviae aichiepiscopis
episcopis comitibus baronibus justiciariis vicecomitibus ministris et omnibus fidelibus suis tocius Angliae
francis et anglis salutem. Sciatis me dedisse et contirmasse Rogero filio Ricaidi in feodo et liereditate
sibi et heredibus suis pro servicio suo castellum de Werkewrda et manerium cum omnibus suis pertinentiis
sic Henricus Rex avus meus manerium illud melius et integrius tenuit quare volo et firmiter pnecipio C|uod
ipse et heredes sui manerium illud liabeant et teneant bene et in pace libere quiete et honoritice cum
omnibus pertinentiis suis in bosco et piano in pratis et pascuis in viis et semitis in aquis stagnis et
molendinis et in omnibus rebus et locis cum tol et team et soca et saka et infangenthef et cum omnibus
libertatibus et liberis consuetudinibus cum ciuibus illud tenui in dominio meo. Test. Willelmo fratre
Regis, &c.' Assize Roll (m. 4, 36), 10; Cut. Placita dc Quo ]Varanto, p. 595 ; Hodgson, Nortlid. pt. iii. vol.
i. p. 157. The final '&c.' is most provoking. It will be noticed that in the time of Henry I. the manov
only is mentioned, so that the castk must have been built during the reign of Stephen. If, as is stated by
Richard of Hexham, the castles of Newcastle and Hamburgh were at one time excepted from the grant of
Northumberland to Earl Henry, it seems possible that he may have built Warkworth in order to have a
place of residence south of the Tweed.
■^ Ormerod, Cheshire, i. p. 509, where there is an engraving of the large and very characteristic
seal of Richard fitz Eustace ; the reverse has a classical gem —a nymph and pillar-like altar — surrounded
by the legend, 'secretum domini celo fero resero.'
' VVillielm. Neubrig. lib. ii. cap. v. {Chron. Stephen, Henry II., etc ; Rolls series, i. p. 107) ; Giraldi Cam-
brensis, Itineraritim, lib. ii. cap. x. (Rolls ed. vi. pp. 137, 138) ; Jocelin de Brakelond, Camden Soc. Pub.
13, p. 50.
' 'Ac yna kynnullaw aoruc y brenhin y hi ygyt amynet hyt yn Rudlan yn greulawn.' Brut y Tyin'so-
gion. Rolls ed. p. 1S6. ' Rex Henricus piimum exercitum duxit in Walliam et capit Rueland.' Chrun. de
Mailros, ann. 11 5 7.
* Chancery Miscellaneous Roll ', P.R.O. The attestation is instructive : 'Test. Willielmo fratre Regis,
Rogero Comite de Clara, Gaufrido Comite de Essexa, Ricardo de Humet conest.abulario, H. de Essex
constabulario, Willelmo de Braosa, Mauricio Biset dapifcro, Warino filio Geroldi camerario, Ricardo de
Luci, Gilberto de Monfichet, Ricardo de Campivilla, R. Dunester, Jocelino de Baillolio et Gaufrido de
Valoniis, apud Ruellentum in exercitu de Waliis.'
22 \V.\KK\V(1KTH PARISH.
Eustace's <;raiHisoii, Roj^fv lit/. Ixicliaicl, was iiKuk- at KMiiuldlan at llu' same
time, and was the reward of Koi^er's braverv at Coleshill. In consequence
of this alienation of Warkworth by the Crown the sheriif of Northumberland
returned ;^38 2s. less rent for the county in 1 158.^
At anv rate, Roger became closelv connected with the events of that
fatal dav. Six years later Robert de Montfort, in the king's presence, called
Henry of Essex a coward for his conduct, and resort was had to wager of
battle on an island of the Thames near Reading. Henry of Essex was
struck down and carried for dead into the neighbouring monastery, where,
on his reviving, his life was spared on condition of his entering the order.
He, himself, regarded his defeat as a judgment, not on his cowardice at
Coleshill, but on his disputes with the abbey of St. Edmund at Bury, and his
having tortured to death Gilbert de Cereville, a knight whom the wife of
Essex had falselv accused in endeavouring to hide her own shame.' The
honour of Clavering forfeited bv Essex, and Adeliza de Vere, his wnfe of
sullied repute, were both bestowed by the king on Roger fitz Richard.^
With her consent and approbation Roger gave to the monks of St. INIary
of Newminster his salt-work at Warkworth, situated near w'here the stream
from below Gloucester falls into the Coquet, and included within bounds
which he and his heir had perambulated in companv with the monks and his
own men."' His reply to the king's enquiries with a view to assessing the
aid of 1 1 68 is the most laconic of anv received from the tenants-in-chief
in Northumberland.*
The manor of Warkworth as granted bv Henry H. to Roger Htz Richard
was something very small in comparison with the wide domain that had
belonged to Warkworth in the days of Ceolwulf. The latter comprised the
whole ancient parish of Warkworth, with the exception of Hauxley, and in
addition at the very least the chapelries of Widdrington and Brainshaugh;
' The next year the sum was reduced to £.yi 12s., and in g Hen. II. to ^32 2s., at which amount it
remained fixed in the Pipe Rolls. Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 1S7.
- Jocelin de Brakelond, Chronicle (Camd. -Soc), p. 51. There is an amusing translation of this story
in Carlyle, Past and Present, bk. ii. chap. xiv.
^ Dugdale, Baronage, i. p. 106; Morant, Essex, ii. p. 611. It is to be hoped that .-Vdeliza did
not, like the wife of Robert de Mowbray, avail herself of the civil death of her husband in order to marry
again. Robert, her son by Roger fitz Richard, does not appear to have been born before 1169. Proc.
Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 188.
* ' Pari consilio et voluntate Adelizae uxoris meae.' Newminster Chartulary, p. 21 1.
' ' Carta Rogeri filii Ricardi. Ego Kogerus filius Ricardi tcnco in capite de rege Warkwertham per
servitium unius militis.' Liber Niger Sccucarii; Hodgson, Nortliumbcr'uind, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 304; Proc.
Arcli. Inst. l8i2, ii. p. 18S.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 23
whereas the extent of the manor fell far short of the limits of the parish,
which included not only Amble, Morwick, and East Chevington, parcels
of the great barony of Ahiwick, but also the capital seats of the Morwick
and Heron baronies at West Chevington and Hadston. A lord of Wark-
worth possessed of nothing more in Northumberland would scarcely have
begun to build a castle on a grand scale; and when in 1173 the former
heir of Warkworth reappeared in Northumberland no longer in the character
of a confirmer of salt-pans to the peaceful canons of Brinkburn, but as the'
Lion King of Scotland, singling Warkworth out for especial destruction,'
Jordan Fantosme expresslv tells us that the walls and earthworks of the
castle were so weak" that Roger fitz Richard, though a valiant knight, made
no attempt to defend it as he successfully did that of Newcastle of which he
was constable. In the following year, on Saturday, the 13th of July, Duncan,
earl of Fife, entered Warkworth with his Scots, set fire to the town, and put
the inhabitants to the sword, not sparing even those who had sought shelter
in the 'minster' of St. Lawrence.' Why one of William the Lion's most
moderate counsellors* should have directed this massacre is not explained.
Probably it was due to some breach of faith on the part of the burghers.
The murderous sacrilege was considered to have been avenged by the
capture of the Scottish king on that verv dav before the walls of Alnwick.^
Roger fitz Richard died, apparently not long after his father the constable
of Chester, in 1178. His heir, Robert fitz Roger, did not come of age till
1 191, and during the reign of Cceur-de-Lion (from whom he received a grant of
the manor of Eure in Buckinghamshire) resided chiefly in Norfolk, where
' 'Alum a Werckewrde, eel voil agraventer,' 'Let us to Warkworth that will I destroy,' are the words
which Jordan Fantosme puts into the mouth of William the Lion, 1. 545 ; Surt. Soc. No. 2, p. 27; Chron.
Stephen, Henry II., etc.; Rolls series, iii. p. 250. The Lincoln MS. of Fantosme has 'Ahnn a Wercwrde, eel
ruuil agraventer,' 'Let us to Warkworth, that town to destroy.' If the word 'ruuil' has anything to do
with 'ruelle,' it is very characteristic of the one long street of Warkworth.
" ' Vienent a Werkewde, n'i deignent arester ;
Kar le chastel iert fieble, le mur et le terrier.'
'They come to W^arkworth, do not there deign to stay, for the castle was weak, the wall and the earth-
work.' Fantosme, 1. 562-563; Surt. Soc. ed." p. 27; Rolls ed. p. 252. For 'arester' the Lincoln MS.
reads 'tarier' without altering the meaning, which seems to be that the Scots took the castle, but on
account of its weak condition did not think it worth while to leave a garrison in it, as they did afterwards
in that of Appleby. Benedict of Peterborough places the fall of Warkworth in the campaign of 11 74
during the siege of Carlisle ; but Fantosme's narrative is too circumstantial to be set aside by a general .
statement that makes W'illiam wander about in the most opposite directions.
^Benedict. Petroburg. in Surt. Soc. No. 2, pp. 168-169; Fantosme, 1. 1706-1709, ibiii. p. 79. The
latter does not name Warkworth but only ' le mustier Saint-Laurenz.'
' ' De faire nul ultrage ne querez achaisun,' ' For doing outrage, seek not occasion,' formed part of the
advice addressed by Earl Duncan to William in persuading him to endeavour to obtain satisfaction from
Henry II. by diplomacy before declaring war. Fantosme, 1. 303. Surt. Soc. No. 2, p. 17.
' Benedict. Petroburg. in Surt. Soc. No. 2, p. 169; Fantosme, 1. 1902-1909, ibid. p. 87.
24 WARKWORTH PARISH.
he possessed large estates through marrving the heiress of William de Chesney,
lord of Horsford. In Norfolk he founded in 1198 the abbey of St. Mary of
Langley, which he filled with Prtemonstratensian canons from Alnwick.'
In Julv, 1 199, King John confirmed to him the castle and manor of Wark-
worth for the consideration of 300 marks," and he seems about this time
to have transferred his activitv to Northumberlaiul, of which he became
sherifi" in 1 203, a very lucrative post under an administration like that of John.
A favourite of the king, he received grants of the manor of Corbridge in 1204
and of the manors of Newborn and Rothbury in 1205. In all probability it
was this Robert fitz Roger who rebuilt the castle of Warkworth on the
general lines seen at present. The architecture of the great gatehouse points
clearly to this particular period.
Attached to his grant of a rent-charge from his mill at Warkworth for
the purpose of maintaining the light before St. Cuthbert's shrine^ is a large
seal of green wax on which Robert fitz Roger appears on horseback, in a
characteristic fashion, brandishing a huge sword.^ He is clad in a hauberk of
chain-mail, the surcoat worn over it hanging right down to his triangular
stirrups. The upper part of his face is just visible beneath the plain round
bassinet. His arms Quarterly [or and gii.'\ a bendld \sa^ can just be dis-
cerned on the long shield. The breast-piece of his horse is ornamented with
the long pendents then in fashion.
On Saturday, the 2nd February, 12 13, King John himself was at Wark-
worth on his way from Fenwick (opposite Holv Island) to Newcastle.' He
had made a sudden expedition to the north for the purpose of overawing the
barons in general, and injuring by every means in his power his especial
enemy Eustace de Vesci. The disorder and probable devastation of North-
umberland is marked bv the absence of anv returns relating to it on the Pipe
Roll of this, the fourteenth vear of John's rule. Up to this time Robert fitz
' He is called Robert fitz Rojjer Helke (whatever that may mean) in the foundation charter. Bloine-
field, Norfolk, iv. p. 1 137; Dugdale, Monnsticon, ed. Caley, vol. vi. pt. ii. pp. 929-930, quoting
Visitat. Ordiiiis Prccmoiistyatciisis per Riciirtlinn efisc. As^avciis. in Ashmol. MS. 15 19, and Aiiiiaics
Abhaiia de Lanj^ley in Cotton. MS. Cf. Chartulary of Langley Abbey, Brit. Mus. Ad. MS. 5948. This
charter was confirmed by King John at Caen, 7th July, 1199. The anniversary of the founder was kept
on the 14th of April. In 1340 John de Strumpeshaugh was presented to this abbey by John (de Ottelay)
abbot of Alnwick, styled ' Pater abbatis eccl'ie de Langley.' Blomefield, Norfolk, cont. by Parkin, x. pp.
149-150. •Rot. de Oblatis, i. Joh. ; Proc. Arch. lust. 1852, ii. p. 189.
' Raine, North Durham, app. p. 141 ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 141.
' Seal 4"" 3'"' Spec. 3, in the Treasury, Durham, 2^ in. in diameter, engraved on steel in Surtees,
Durham, i. Seals, plate vii. No. 2. On the reverse is an oval gem, i x J in., representing apparently
the Flight into Egypt, with the legend 'sigillum secreti.' ' Cal. Rot. Lit. Put. i. p. 96.
SlaLS of lords of WARKWORTH '■'■:'■
''^^J'i
1, ROBE
m
I-.ETUM OF ROBERT FITZ ROGER
)HN FITZ ROBERT.
ROGER 11. 127r
:, ROBERT FITZ ROGER 11 1304
5
6 EVA
„AS DE BRITLE protatly Chaplain or Mister of the Chapel of
St Ma,r.- Magdalen.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
25
Roger had continued to be sheriff, and was so again the next year, when he
died. John, therefore, probably came in peace to Warkworth. While there,
though his kingdom was still under interdict and he himself excommunicated,
he presented to two livings belonging to estates he had confiscated to his use,
and also made over the custody of two unfortunate children to one of his
favourites.^
GENEALOGY OF THE LORDS OF WARKWORTH AND CLAVERING.
Akms : Quarterly or and gules ; a bend sable.
John, constable of Chester, and his descendants differenced this coat with a label, till, at the end of the
thirteenth century, Henri de Laci, earl of Lincoln, assumed a new coat — or, a Hon rampant purpure.
Sir John de Clavering bore (during his father's lifetime) a /a(i«/i«7/ at Caerlaverock, 1300; Sir Alexander charged
the bend with three mullets argent, as did Sir Alan with three mullets or.
Sir Hugh de Eure and his descendants bore three escallops argent on the bend.
Beatrice, daughter and
heiress of Ivo de Vesci,
lord of Alnwick ; died
at her son's birth (Ji).
'Johannes Monoculus' (d).
I
Eustace fitz John, custos of Burg and Chenardes- =
burg, 1130; founded Alnwick abbey, 1147,
and the priories of Watton and Malton, 1150 ;
constable of Chester (c) ; died 11 57.
2. Agnes, daughter and heiress of
William fitz Nigel, constable
of Chester ; living post 11 50
id).
William de Vesci,
lord of Alnwick ;
died 1 1 84.
....I
Albreda, daughter and heiress of Robert =
de Lizures, and heiress in 1193 to
her half-brother Robert de Laci.
William de Vesci, illeg. ; defended
Alnwick castle, 11 74.
Eustace de Vesci, born
1170 ; died 1216.
I I .
Richard fitz Eustace, con- Galfnd.
stable of Chester.
I
John, constable of
Chester, 117S ;
died at Tyre,
1 190. I
!
Roger fitz Richard = Adeliza, daughter of Al-
(<■), lord of Wark- beric de Vera and
worth 1157; died widow of Henry de
1 1 78. Esse.x.
Roger de Laci (Hell) (/) ;
died rst Oct., 121 1.
Robert (/) the
hospitaller.
II
M*''y (yO ! married
Robert de Aldford.
Albreda (/) ; married
Henry Bisset.
Robert fitz Roger (Helke) {g) ; =
born 1168 ; died 1214. I
Margaret, daughter and heiress of William
de Chesney, lord of Horsford.
I. Joan (/;)
I
John fitz Robert ; =
died 1240. I
A
Ada, daughter of Hugh de Baliol ;
at Stokesley, 29th July, 125 1 (/).
I
died Alice ; married Peter fitz Her-
bert ; settlement dated 2Sth
Nov., 1203 (/).
(")
('/)
Dugdale, Baronage, i. p. 90 ; Mem. of Fountains Abli.
i. Surt. Soc. No. 42, p. 50. Serlo de Burg usually
heads the pedigree as founder of Knaresborough
castle, etc. ; but see Phimpton Correspondence, Cam-
den Soc. p. xiii.*
' Stemnia fundatorum prioratus de Watton.' Dug-
dale, Monasticon, ed Caley, vi. p. 957.
Ormerod, Cheshire, 1819, i. p. 510.
Pecham {The Compleat Gentleman, p. 1 89) was
wrong in supposing Agnes to have been the first
wife of Eustace fitz John. Adam, abbot of Meaux
(not founded till 1150), is a witness with her
to the foundation charter of the monastery of
Watton. Dugdale, Monasticon, vi. p. 970.
(e) Dugdale, Baronage, i. p. 90. The evidence on which
Roger is made son of Richard fitz Eustace is not
very strong, and it is remarkable that the Lacies,
if an elder line, should have used a label over arms
which the Claverings bore with no difference.
(/) Ormerod, Cheshire, i. p. 509.
(?)
(/')
(0
(y)
Dugdale, Monasticon, vi. p. 929.
Dugdale, Baronage, i. p. 108, referring to chartu-
lary of Bardney abbey.
Ini]. p.m. 35 Henry 111. No. 51, in Cal. of Doc. rel.
to Scot. i. No. 1837. For the inquisition on
her lands in Northumberland, held at Linton,
near Woodhorn, see ibid. No. 1821
Pipe Rolls, 5 John. 5 d. The Titular Barony o/Cluver-
7iig. London : privately printed. 1S91.
' Cal. Rot. Lit. Pat. i. p. 96.
Vol. v.
26
Isabel (i)
WARKWORTH PARISH.
A
Roper fitz John
(de Baliol) (/) ;
Jicd 1249.
Robert fitz Roger (de Cor-
brug) (/>); born 1247;
died 1 310.
Stephen de Baliol (or
Hure) ; rector of Mit-
ford 1267, 1285 («;)•
Margery de la
Zouche (y).
Hugh de Eure («) ;
purchased Kirkley
circa 1274.
Robert de Eure.
I I I
Alicia (0).
Annora (0).
Margery («).
John de Eure (r) ; lord of
Stokesley, 1318.
I
Hawise, dau. and = John (fitz
heiress of Ro-
bert dcTybetol;
marriage con-
tract, 1277 ; d.
134;; inf. p.m.,
19 Ed. III. 22.
I
Robert) de
Clavering,
born 1266;
died 18th
Jan., 1332.
I
Ale.xander
de Clav-
ering (j).
Roger de Claver-
ing (j) ; mar-
ried Beatrice ;
died 1366 (k).
I
Robert
de
Claver.
ing(.i).
Margery ; died under
age, 1 307 ('■)•
Alan de Clavering
(s") of Callaley ;
married Isabel
de Riddell.
William de Clavering of Callaley
Henry deClavering(().
Edmund de Clavering
' (j) (/) ; ' et multae
filiae' (j).
Eve de Clavering, lady = I. Thomas de Audeley
of Horsford, born circa (i) ; died j./.
130; ; died 20th Sept.,
i369(«/).
, Thopias [Ralph] llfford; mar.
gth Mar., 1309 (s)\ slain at
Stirling, 1314 (7f).
, James de
Audeley
(j); died
4. Robert de
Benhall(j);
living 1342
James de Audeley, K.G.
bom ... ; died ...
{i) Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 191.
(/) .Matt. Paris, Hist. Anghrum, Rolls ed. iii. p. 67.
(m) ' Stephanus de Ever.' Newminsler Chartulary, Surt.
Soc. No. 56, p. 41. 'Stephanus de Bello.'
Randal ; see Hodgson, Northumberland , pt. ii.
vol. ii. p. 31 n. ' Stephanus de Balliol,' rector of
Mitford, and Sir Hugh de Euie his brother, by the
father's side, in deed at Balliol college, Oxford,
dated Durham, Oct., 1284. Hist. MSS. Comm.
4th Report, p. 444.
(«) Surtees, Durham, Seals, plate vi. No. 15 (foe. i.).
\o) Coram Rege, 35 and 36 Hen. III. No. 88, m. 44, d. ;
Cal. of Doc. rrl. to Scot. i. No. 1809.
{/) List of Benefactors of Sibton Abbey, in Taylor, Indix
Monasticus ; Dugdale, Monasticon, v. p. 558.
(?) Rtg. Aibiy de Sibeton, Royal Soc. MSS. 221 ; Dug-
dale, Monasticon, v. p. 22S. Blomefield, Norfolk,
ed. Parkin, x. p. 149, calls her Mary.
(r) Surtees. Durham, Seals, plate x. No. 10.
(j) ' Ex antique pergamento quodam penes Samsonem
Leonard fecialem, an. 159S,' in Dugdale, A/w/a.r^/cw;,
iii. p. 636.
(/) On 5th June, 1312, John de Clavering and Hawise
his wife settled the manors of Clavering and Bli-
burgh, in the event of their deaths without male
issue, on Edmund de Clavering for life, and then
on Ralph de Nevill and his heirs ; while on 3rd
February, 1342, Robert de Benhall and Eve his
wife released the manors of Clavering, Aynho,
Eure, and Bliburgh to Ralph de Neville and
Hawise de Clavering. PeJ. Fin. Divers. Com.
Ed. III. 301.
In Dugdale, Baronage, i. p. 292. ^Ex. Coll. R. Glov. S.'
Ralph de Nevill, who died 1331, is said to have
married Euphemia. daughter (? sister) of John de
Clavering. The evidence of this marriage is not
satisfactory. Ralph de Nevill was constable of
Warkworth in 1322. Clavering remained in the
Nevill family for several generations.
(a) Cal. Genealog. p. 706.
(!') Ibid. p. 733.'
(a) The Titular Barony of Clavering. London: privately
printed. 1 891.
John fitz Robert, the ne.xt lord of Warkworth (1214-1240), differed in
politics from his father. He was one of the twenty-five to whom the
execution of the provisions of Magna Carta was entrusted ;' and as a natural
consequence his lands were seized for the king. On the seal of the charter
by which he conveyed his meadow of Braineslawe to the monks of Durham,
we see him careering in a cylindrical helm, which viewed in profile presents
a concave line behind, the front part rounded below and pierced with holes
to enable him to breathe, his surcoat considerably shorter than his father's,
' Stubbs, Constitutional Hist, of England. Clar. Press, 1875. i. p. 542. John fitz Robert, is not
however, classed there among the northern lords.
WARK WORTH CASTLE. 2/
but the other equipments similar, and the sword equally ponderous.' His
widow Ada, daughter of Hugh de Baliol, appears to have been a woman of
much character. She could not, however, even for i,ooo marks, obtain
the guardianship of her son Roger fitz John, which Henry HI. bestowed on
his own half-brother, William de Valence. The want of a surname seems to
have now made itself felt in the family, and the young lord of Warkworth
called himself Roger fitz John de Baliol after his mother's f^imily, while two
of his vounger brothers took the name of Eure after their father's manor
in Buckinghamshire.- Roger de Baliol gave, it is recorded, 20 marks,
three robes, and corn and hay for two horses every year for the safeguarding
of his castle of Warkworth.' He must have been a youth of great promise.
Matthew of Paris says that he was the most noble knight and baron in the
North of England, and had already displayed remarkable activity in the arts
of war. His career was cut short by his being ridden over in a tournament
at Argences in Normandy in 1249.' His heir, Robert fitz Roger H., only a
year and a half old,^ was committed to the custody of William de Valence,
together with 'the noble castle' of Warkworth. A beautiful seal attached to
a document dated 1276 and preserved at Paris shows us Robert fitz Roger
with a fan-crested helmet mounted on a horse with plain housings but also
adorned with a fan-crest." He was summoned to parliament as a baron by
writ dated 28th June, 1283.' In his time Edward I. visited Warkworth, on
the way from Alnwick to Woodhorn, on Thursday, the ]8th of December,
1292.'* On the Subsidy Roll of 1296, his goods in 'Warkworth outside the
borough' are entered as of the value of ^6 is. 4d., those of John de
' For the charter see Raine, North Durham, app. p. 142. The seal (i'"^ l'"'""-' Spec. No. 51 in the
Treasury, Durham) is engraved on steel in Surtees, Uurliain, i. Seals, plate vii. No. 4. The secretum is the
same as that of Robert fitz Roger's seal. The body of John fitz Robert rested one night at St. Alban's, 1240.
Chron. Matt. Paris, Rolls series, vi. p. 390. - See the genealogy of the lords of Warkworth and Clavering.
' ' Ibidem (Werkeworth) est i castrum pro cujus custodia Dns. Rogerus dedit quolil:)et anno x.\ marcas
et iij robas ' ; ' Dns. Rogerus consuevit dare per annum pro custodia castri et manerii per annum xiij lib.
vj. sol. viij d. et iij robas et fenum et avenas ad ij equos.' Inq. p.m. 33 Hen. III. No. 66 ; Arch. Ael.
vol. iii. pp. gS, 100.
' 'Obiit Rogerus, filius Joliannis dc Bailloil. Eoclemc[ue tempore obiit Roger de Bailloil, nobillissimus
de paitibus borealibus Angliae miles et baro, aetate adolescens, in re strenuus militari, conculcatus in
quodam torneamento in partibus Franciae, apud Arg^enciam. Cujus terrae custodiam re.x incontinenti
contulit Willelmo de Valentia, fratri suo, cum nobili castro de Wercvvurthe, et multis aliis terris ac
possessionibus ad praedictum nobilem Rogerum pertinentibus.' Matt. Paris, Hist. Anglor. ann. 1249,
Rolls ed. iii. p. 67. In the margin is the shield of Baliol reversed.
* Ivq. p.m. Essex, 33 Hen. III. ; Cal. Gcncal. i. p. 26.
'* Towards the end of the thirteenth century came in the fashion of ornamenting the head of the horse
with a fan-crest, similar to that fixed on the helm of the knight .... The seal of Patrick Dunbar,
earl of March, 1292, affords a good example of knight and steed decorated with the fan-crest : it is figured
in Laing, Ancient Scottisit Seals, p. 54; Hewitt, Ancient Armour, i860, i. p. 347.
' Tlie Titular Barony of Clavering, p. 16. ' Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland, Bain, ii. p. i 53.
2b WARKWORTH PARISH.
W'aikworth, meaning, no dcnibt, his eldest son, as being worth £2 9s. The
following year John with Robert was taken prisoner at the battle of
Stirling (nth September, 1297),' in which Hugh de Cressingham, the
English treasurer, was slain. It was rumoured that Cressingham on leaving
Berwick had entrusted his goods there to the charge of Robert Heron,
rector of Ford, who kept the king's coket at that port, and of a certain
Sir Hugh de Roubiri (Rothbury), and that on hearing of Cressingham's
death Heron and Roubiri immediately sent 400 marks to Warkworth
castle and delivered them to William de Toggesdene, the constable, as
also ;^40 in a pouch. So long after as the atitumn of 1304 a formal
enquiry was held into this rumour at York. William de Toggesdene
declared on oath, that about a week after Cressingham's death, Hugh de
Roubiri, attended only by his grooms, did bring to Warkworth two 'bulgias'
covered with hide, and a coffer for harness, sealed and locked, and requested
him to take charge of them. He considered that there might be ;^3O0 in
them, but others thought more probably ^400, judging from their great
weight, which he, too, remarked when his son William carried them from
the great chamber of the castle to an adjoining closet. There they remained
for a week, when Hugh de Roubiri returned with his grooms and took
them away.^
Heron and Roubiri denied that they had ever taken a large coffer to
Warkworth at all, or that the money in question had anything to do with
Cressingham. Thev swore that it was deposited at AVarkworth before his
death. According to Heron, it was a sum of /'281 which he had received
from the issues of the coket at Berwick ; and which, when the Scots rose
against the king and slew the sheriff of Lanark, he put, for fear of them, into
two leather bags and two pouches, and, by Hugh de Roubiri's advice, sent
them to Warkworth castle about the 15th of August, 1297. He there
delivered them himself to Roubiri, who placed them in the treasury of the
castle under the custodv of the constable. Roubiri's evidence bore this out,
' Proc. Arch. Inst. 1S52, ii. p. 193.
■ 'Ad quem diem dictus Willelmus venit. Et juratus et examinatus coram thesaurario et baronibus dicit
super sacramentiim suum quod circa octo dies post mortem dicti Hugonis apud Strivelyn dictus Huffo de
Roubiri cum garcionibus suis sine alia comitiva (venit) ad dictum castrum de Werkworth et tulit ibi duas
bulgias coopertas de corio et j coffram pro hernasio sigillatam et scrratam, et rogavit dictum Willelmum
quod illas custodiret in quibus fuerint ut estimabat cccli, set idem constabularius intellexit a quibusdam
quod in eisdem bulgiis et coffra fuerint ccccli, quia multum ponderabant, ut sibi videbatur, quia Willel-
mus filius dicti constabularii dictas bulgias et coffram poitavit sic sigillatam de magna camera castri
usque in quandam calketam contiguam. Et dixit quod ibidem sic remanserunt per viij dies. Et tunc
venit dictus Hugo de Roubiri cum garconibus suis et apportavit a dicto castro predictas duas bulgias et
coffram sigillatam prout ibi prius portabantur et abiit.' Exchcq. Q.R. Memor. ^^ Ed. I. m. ^7.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 29
with the slight discrepancy that he said he received the bags, and two canvas
pouches strapped together, about the gule (the ist) of August. Immediately
after Cressingham's death, for fear of the Scots, he carried the two leather
bags to Durham castle. Roger Heron acknowledged that he received them
there from Roubiri as he was returning to Scotland with the English barons
who had been summoned to quell the insurrection. They contained /^200,
half of which he paid to Walter de Agmondesham for the king's business,
and half by tallies to the treasurer at York. What became of the two pouches
and the remaining ;^8i, Heron could not tell. Roubiri deposed that he hid
these pouches, which he understood contained only 35 marks, with some of
his own jewels in a sack of his wool at Warkworth. Pouches, silver, jewels,
and wool he never saw again, for the keepers of the castle and Robert fitz
Roger when he came there sold the wool and carried off the valuables.'
Robert fitz Roger had been at Warkworth on the Thursday after the
feast of St. Mary Magdalen (22nd July), 1304, when, in the presence of
Sir John de Swyneburne, Sir Roger Corbet, Sir John de Vaux, John de
Eure, John de Lisle (of Woodburn), and John de Normanville, he set his
seal to an agreement with Lucia the widow of Thomas de Dyvelston
respecting boats crossing the water of Tyne at Corbridge.^ He allowed the
constable at Warkworth the herbage of the castle and its precincts, which
covered then, as now, about an acre and a half.^ His goods in the castle of
Warkworth were returned as of the value of ;^8 12s. 2d. in the Subsidy Roll
of 1312.* He was one of the six barons appointed ordainers, 25th March,
1 3 10,* and died very soon afterwards.
John fitz Robert, who had been summoned to parliament as John de
Clavering in 1299, did homage for his father's lands, 29th March, 13 10." The
' Excheq. Q.R. Memor. 33 Ed. I, m. 37 ; Cal. of Documents relating to Scotland, ii. p. 417.
■Misc. Chart. No. 461, in the Treasury, Durham. Attached to this is a seal, | in. diameter,
with the arms Quarterly over all a bend, and the legend ' s • RO BER TI ', all within a cusped panel.
This is engraved in Surtees, Durham, ii. Seals, plate x. No. 20, but in ibid. iv. app. p. clxxi. it is
erroneously attributed to Robert de Widdrington. The Widdrington arms only differed from those of
the lords of Clavering in the ist and 4th quarters being argent instead of or. A still plainer seal of
Robert fitz Roger appended to a deed dated at Horsford the vigil of St. Andrew (29th November), 1279,
is engraved in Blomefield, Norfolk, cent, by Parkin, x. p. 439.
' ' Est ibi quaedam placea continens in se unam acram et dimidiam terrae super quam castrum est
situm ; et praedictus Robertus dedit herbagium ejusdem in feodo constabulario ejusdem castri.' Inq.
p.m. 3 Ed. II. No. 55, Arch. Ael. iii. p. 104. In accounts of Warkworth it is usually said that the castle
contains between five and six acres. Grose seems to have been the originator of this mistake. Antiqui-
ties. London : Hooper, 1785, iv. p. 152.
■" 'Castrum de Werkeworth, summa bonorum Roberti filii Rogeri ^8 12s. 2d. unde regi 17s. 2id.' The
order for the collection of a twenty-fifth appears to have been originally issued in July, 1309.
^ Stubbs, Constitutional History, ii. p. 328. " Tlie Titular Barony of Clavering, p. 27.
30 WARKWORTH TARISH.
next vear (JOth NovenibLT, 1311), lie made a compact with Edward II. that,
ill consideration of his being granted for life the manor of Costessey and
other lands in Norfolk, Suffolk, and Northamptonshire, his castle of Wark-
worth and the manors of Rotlibnrv in Northumberland and Enre in
Buckinghamshire should, on his death, become the property of the king or
his heirs ; as should also his manors of Newburn and Corbridge, in the event
of his leaving no legitimate male issue. ^ On the same day John de Clavering
obtained a licence to grant in fee his manor of Whalton to Geoffrey le Scrope.^
The long continuance of the Scottish wars made it expedient that the
king should have the castles of Northumberland under his immediate control.
This was attained, to a certain extent, by his furnishing a portion of their
garrisons. In a safe-conduct for John le Irish de Hibernia, dated at York
15th August, 1314, Edward II. provides that were the Irishman close pressed
by the Scots the constable of Warkworth, if certain no fraud was intended,
should receive hun into the castle.^ His debts appear to have been the cause
of Clavering's ruin. On the ist of May, 131 7, he acknowledged that he
owed the then vast sum of ^600 to Fredulcius Hubertini, merchant of Lucca,
the executor of Donus de Podio of that town, and charged his land and
chattels with that sum.*
At the close of Gilbert de Middleton's rebellion in 13 17, the loyal
garrison of Warkworth, in conjunction with those of Alnwick and Bamburgh,
reduced the peles of Bolton and Whittingham.'^ The agreement entered into
with John de Crumbwell and Robert d'Umframvill, earl of Angus, as
wardens of the March of Northumberland, in September, 13 19, mentions that
the castle of Warkworth had its own garrison of 12 men-at-arms, and that the
king would place in it at his own cost 4 men-at-anns and 8 hoblers or light
horsemen, to be chosen by Robert Darreys and John de Thirlewall.'' In 1322
Robert Darrevs, constable of Warkworth, is said to have contributed 26
hoblers from the garrison for the king's expedition to Scotland ; '' but on the
26th of September in that vear Ralph de Neville, as constable, was severely
reprimanded by Edwai^d II. for neglecting a favourable opportunity of
attacking the Scots.**
' Abb. Rot. Oi-ig. i. p. 185, 10. 6, 5 Ed. II. ; W'allis, Norllui. xol. ii. p. 353 i.x Rot. Clans. 6 Ed. II. m. 1 1 ;
Hodgson, Northd. pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 293. - Cal. Pat. Rolls, Edw. 11. p. 401. ^ Cat. Rot. Scot. i. p. 131.
■■ Ciil. of Close Rolls, 10 Edw. II. p. 465. ^ Cal. of Doc. ni. to Scot. iii. p. 623.
° ' En le chastel de Werkeword sent de la propre garneison xij hommes darmes et le roy y mettra iiij
hommes darmes et viij hobclours as custayes le roy le qieux Robert Uerreys et Johan de Thirlcwalle ont
enipres de trouver.' Exchcq. Q.R.Misc. (Army)='J-. " Grose, Antiquities. London : Hooper, 17S5, iv. p. 162,
quoting a MS. account of Roger de Waltham, keeper of the wardrobe. " Cal. of Doc. rcl. to Scot. iii. p. 146.
WARK WORTH CASTLE. 3 1
On the 26th of June, 1323, John de Clavering was ordered to cause Wark-
worth to be provisioned and safely guarded, as the king wished the castles on
the Marches of Scotland to be well sustained notwithstanding the conclusion
of the truce. ^ On August 2nd, 1326, he was commanded to repair to the
castle himself." In June, 1327, Ralph de Neville received ^157 7s. 6d. for
his wages and the wages of the men-at-arms and hoblers whom he had
retained in the service of Edward II. when he was constable of Warkworth.'
After their hasty retreat from Stanhope park in the early part of August,-
1327, the Scots, having failed to surprise Alnwick, laid siege to Warkworth.
Several of them perished in the attack, and the rest, disappointed of their
purpose, set off home.* Towards the end of the year, however, while Edward
III. was absorbed in preparing for his marriage with Philippa of Hainault,
Robert Bruce entered Northumberland with a large army and invested
Alnwick, Warkworth, and other castles. But though these set sieges were
followed by frequent irregular attacks, the garrisons made a successful
resistance.^ In their alarm, the inhabitants of the bishopric of Durham, ' the
county of Carlisle,' Richmondshire, Cleveland, and Westmoreland bought for
a large sum a truce with the Scots till the following Easter. Before this
term expired, the Treaty of Edinburgh, in which Edward III. renounced his
claims over Scotland, was concluded on the 17th of March, 1328. Sir
Geoffrey le Scrope, one of the English envovs, had broken his journey at
Warkworth on the night of Sunday, the 6th of March, and on Monday,
the 7th, William le Zouch, another of them, had arrived there."
Edward III., on the 2nd of March, 1328, had made over his reversionary
interest in Warkworth and the other northern estates of John de Clavering
to the second Henry Percy of Alnwick, in lieu of the hereditary custodv of
Berwick and an annuity of 500 marks out of the customs of that port which
had been granted to Percy during peace or war providing he served the
king for life with a certain number of men-at-arms ; but if the issues of
' Cat. of Close Rolls, i6 Edw. II. p. 663.
"Rot. Pat., 20 Edw. II. ' Cnl. of Patent Rolls, Edw. III. p. 131.
■" ' Castnim praedicti doniini (Henrici Percy) apud Werkewoitlie adeunt, obsessuri; ubi quibusdam de
suis interfectis a suo proposito defraudati. versus Scotiam sunt profecti.' Gcsta Ed. III. auctorc Bridling-
toiieiisi (Rolls series, Chron. Ed. 1. and II. ii. p. 97). It does not appear why Warkworth should be said
to already belong to Henry Percy.
^ ' Dum .... rex Edwardus circa sponsalia intenderet, Robertus rex .Scociae cum suis m
Angliam revcrtentes castra de Alnwyk, Werkworth et alia castra Northumbriae, obsidentes et saepius
assilientes, multa mala feccrunt.' Chron. de Melsa, Rolls ed. ii. p. 357 ; see also Citron, de Lanercost, p. 260.
" Notes respecting Travelling in the former half of the 14th Century, by Rev. Joseph Hunter, Prof,
Arch. Inst. 1S46, p. 23.
32 WARKWORTH PARISH.
the castle and lands exceeded the 500 marks Percy was to account for
the excess.' On the 6th of August following, the king, being at York, made
a grant to Percy of the yearly rent of 500 marks due from him for the
custody of the lands of the heirs of Robert le Fitz Wauter, in lieu of the like
sum due to him for his fee for his stay with the king, but if the Clavering
reversion fell in this abatement was to cease. ^ John de Clavering did die
without male issue, on the i8th of January, 1332,' and Warkworth, with its
castles and dependencies, came into the Percy family. The barony of Robert
fitz Roger, indicated by the writ of 28th June, 1283, and that of Clavering,
created by the writ of 29th December, 1299, both passed to his daughter Eve,
wife of James de Audeley, and fell into abeyance among her descendants.^
The Scots appear to have burnt and sacked the town of Warkworth
just before the relief of Wark in 1341.' In 1335 the constable and his
lieutenant received orders from Edward III., dated Berwick, October the
loth, to release Adam Skele and Nicholas Betteson, men of that town, who
had been committed to their custody on suspicion of treason. °
Henrv the Strons;, the first Percv of Warkworth, died there un-
expectedly on the 27th of February, 1352, after having been detained by a
short illness.'^ The jury of inquest empannelled at Alnwick on the 21st of
March, before John de Coupland, as escheator of Northumberland, returned
the buildings in the castle of Warkworth as of no value beyond the cost of
repairing them. The herbage of the moat was worth i8d. a year, and was
let for that sum.**
The succeeding lord, Henry Percy the Short, conferred at Warkworth
various privileges on the Carmelites of Hulne, at the instance of their prior,
Robert de Populton, on the feast of the Annunciation (25th March), 1364.
' Cal. Rot. Pat. 2 Ed. III. m. 25 ; Hodgson, Northd. pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 366. ' Iste etiain Henricus
perquisivit de dono regis baroniam de Werkworth pro suo bono et crebro servitio.' Chron. Monasferii ile
AlncKyke, Arch. Ad. 410 series, iii. p. 39. - Cal. Patent Rolls, Edvv. III. p. 309.
^ Dugdale, Baronage, i. p. 109. John de Clavering died at his manor of Aynho, in Northamptonshire,
and was buried in the choir of Langley abbey. Among the muniments of Balliol college, Oxford, is an
instruction from him to his receivers, to pay certain moneys to that college, dated Aynho, ist May, 132S.
The seal, said to be 'nearly perfect,' in Historical MSS. Coiiiin. 4th Report, pt. i. p. 444, proves very
small, and in bad preservation, with merely the Clavering shield, and the legend ' S Johannis fil Roberti.'
■* Her remarkable seal \vith the cross lozcngy, over all a bendld, of her second husband. Sir Thomas
UfFord, impaling by dimidiation the fretty of her third husband. Sir James Audeley, on a shield set in a
richly cusped circular panel, between three lozenges with the Clavering quarterly, a hcndlet in smaller
panels, is attached to a grant from her under the style of ' Eue la fille monsire Johan de Claverynge,' dated
Newton-Flotman, 20th December, 1346. Brit. Mus. Cart. Harl. 48, B. 34 ; Catalogue of Seals, No. 861 1.
* 'Vinrent a Urcol, et ordirent et pillerent toutte le ville et le pays de la environ.' Froissart, ed.
Kervyn de Lettenhove, iii. p. 437. "Cal. Rut. Scot. i. p. 381. ' 'Quasi modica infirmitate detentus in
castro de Werkworth obiit insperate.' Chron. Mon. de Alncwyke, Arch. A el. 410 series, iii. p. 40.
* Intj. p.m. 26 Ed. III. No. 52A, printed in Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. app. p. c.x.kx.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
33
Sir Richard Tempest, Sir Thomas Surtees, Sir Ingram Umframvill, and
others were there at the time.' This lord, too, died at Warkworth on
Ascension day, the i8th of May, 1368, at five o'clock in the afternoon —
proof that the castle had become a favourite residence of the Percies." The
inquisition taken at Newcastle as to the lands he left, again states that the
castle of Warkworth was worth nothing over and above the expense of keeping
it in repair ; the annual value of the herbage of the moat had fallen to I2d.
On setting out for the wars in France in 1373, Henry Percy, the next
lord, ratified the charters of Alnwick abbey, at his castle of Warkworth,
on the 19th of June, in the presence of Sir William de Aldburgh, Sir
Richard Tempest, Sir Ingram Umframvill, Sir Robert Clavering, Sir John
Heron, and Sir William Claxton.' Created earl of Northumberland at the
coronation of Richard II. in 1377, he practicallv placed Henrv Bolingbroke
on the throne."*
' ' Hiis testibus, domino Roberto dc Rothbury tunc abbate de Alnewyk ac Henrico de Percy, Thoma
de Percy filiis meis, Ricardo Tempest, Thoma Surteys, Ingram de Umfravyll militibus, magistro Thoma
de Farnylawc vicario de Emeldon, domino Willelmo de Neuport rectore ecclesie de Wermouth, domino
Johanna Jordan necnon Ricardo Dask, Henrico de Percy, Johanne Whitlee, Hugone Galon et aliis.
Data apud Werkworth in Annunciatione Virginis gloriosae anno Domini millesimo trecentesimo
sexagesimo quarto.' Re^istrum Cartarum Coiivciitus dc Holne, Proc. Arch. Inst. 1S52, ii. app. p. xcv.
= ' Qui obiit in castello de Werkworth in die Ascensionis Domini hora undecima, Httera dominicali
A luna currente per unum, anno Domini millesimo trecentesimo sexagesimo octavo.' Ibid. In 136S A
was the Sunday letter, and i the golden number of the lunar cycle.
" ' Nos autem dictus Dominus Henricus de Percy ad honorem Dei Patris omnipotentis, et Filii, et
Spiritus Sancti, et beatae Mariae semper virginis, genetricis ejusdem Dei et Domini nostri Jhesu Christi,
respicientes, et necessarium obsequium ipsoruni quod in presenti itinere nostro versus partes guerrivas
nos oporteat considerare et requircre cum effectu pro nobis et complicibus nostris in predicto itinere
nostro, ac pro salute nostra et liberorum nostrorum, quamdiu vixerimus, et animarum nostrarum cum ab
hac luce migraverimus, necnon pro animabus omnium antecessorum nostrorum, ac anima iMargaretae
nuper consortis nostrae charissimae, etc Datum in castro nostro de W'arkworthe, nono decimo
die Junii, .^nno Dni. M° CCC° septuagesimo tertio. Hiis testibus, Dominis Willelmo de Albroughe,
Ricardo Tempest, Ingramo Umfravill, Roberto Claveringe, Johanne Herone, Willelmo de Claxtoune,
militibus. Dominis Johanne dc Acun, Petro de Wellum, et Johanne de Metheley, capellanis. Henrico
Percy, Thoma de Modirljy, Willelmo de Atone, Nicholao de Herunne, Johanne de Rodham, Willelmo de
Findemer, Tlioma de Burton clerico, Thoma de Wattone clerico, et Thoma Galoune tunc temporis
seneschallo.' Charters of Alnwick abbey, 31, Tate, Hist, of Alnwick, ii. app. p. xxi. ; Lansdowne MS.
326 ; Dodsworth. Many of these witnesses were probably included in the retinue of 12 knights, 47
squii'es, 160 mounted archers and men-at-arms, who accompanied their lord to France, see Annuls of tin'
House of Percy, i. p. no, and Exchequci' Rolls (Army), 45 Ed. III.
^ The whole interest of England at this juncture seems to centre in the home of the Percies, so much
so that three scenes of Shakespeare's Henry IV. are laid at Northumberland's castle of Warkworth, which
he well describes as 'a worm-eaten hold of ragged stone.' For those who do not possess a degree of
imagination sufficient to call up the true facts of history before their eyes, this employment of the castle as
a stage background by the great dramatist is the most interesting circumstance connected with it. It is
better, then, to caution those who are thus bent on mistaking poetry for history that the celebrated
tripartite indenture between the earl of Northumberland (not Hotspur), Mortimer, and Glendower was
made in 1406, not in 1403 (Giles, Incerti Scriptoris Chronicon, p. 39) ; that Hotspur was born in 1366,
Henry IV. in 1367, and Henry \. in 13S8 ; that the name of Hotspur's wife was Elizabeth, not Kate ; that
her brother Sir Edmund Mortimer, who married the daughter of Owen Glendower, was not earl of
March ; that the earl of Northumberland received the news of Hotspur's death not at Warkworth, but at
Newcastle, while his countess, Maud de Lucy, died in 1398, and could not have been before Warkworth
castle in 1405, counselling her husband to forsake .'\rchbishop Scrope and t^y to Scotland, as in Henry IV.
act ii. scene iii., etc.
Vol. V. 5
34 WARKWORTH PARISH.
On the 14th of September, 1402, he obtained a great victory over the
Scots at Homildon, near Wooler. With the view, apparently, of securing a
more lasting peace with Scotland, Henry IV. gave orders that none of the
prisoners taken at this battle should be ransomed. At the same time he
promised their captors that they should not be losers by this change
in Border policy.' After some remonstrance, Northumberland brought
Murdoch Stewart, son of the duke of Albany, and six other prisoners to
London in triumph on the 20th of October." He took this opportunity, it
seems, of complaining that he and his son, Henry Hotspur, had spent their
all in the king's service without receiving due payment for the custody of the
Marches. With a bare treasury, and no means of refilling it without
imperilling his crown, Henry could only replv, ' Auriim non Jiahco^ aiinuii
11071 Jiahehis! The great earl of Douglas, who had vielded to Hotspur at
Homildon, was conspicuouslv absent from the pageant. The king required
that he, too, should be handed over. Instead, however, of complying,
Hotspur sought an audience and demanded that the king should ransom his
brother-in-law, Edmund Mortimer, who had been taken prisoner bv the
Welsh under circumstances which, if not traitorous, were at anv rate
disgraceful. Henry refused to allow anv money to pass out of England
to his enemies, and declared that Mortimer was a traitor who had merely
pretended to be captured in order to join Owen Glendower. ' And thou,
too, art a traitor,' he added, charging Hotspur with not seizing Glendower
when he had the opportunity, and drawing his dagger on him. Hotspur
showed remarkable self-control. Replying ' Not here, but in the field,'
to the king's assault,^ he declared that his own honour would not have
permitted him to violate the safe-conduct given to Owen at their meeting,
and at once set out for Berwick.*
The quarrel of the king with Hotspur does not appear to have inter-
fered with his good relations with Northumberland. On March 2nd, 1403,
he bestowed on him the greater part of the south of Scotland, which was
' Ryiner, Fadtra, viii. p. 278. -J. H. Wylie, Hist. 0/ England undi-r Henry IV. i. p. 297.
' Eulogium Historiarum, Rolls ed. iii. p. 396.
* Hardyng, Chronicle, ccii. It seems very evident that the report made to the earl of Northumberland
by a messenger sent by him to Edmund Mortimer by the king's leave relative to a treaty with Owen Glen-
dower in Proc. and Ord. 0/ Privy Council, ii. p. 59, is to be referred to the period between Mortimer's
capture and his open treason, and not as by Sir H. Nicolas to 1401. In it Owen is made to express a
wish to meet the earl, for whom he professed much attachment, and to add that he would willingly
proceed to the Marches of England to treat of a peace if it were not for the danger he would be in on
account of the popular rumour that he intended to root out the English Lmguage. Probably the necessary
'assurauncc,' as Hardyng calls it, was given him, and led to his meeting Hotspur in place of the earl.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 35
therewith declared to have been conquered and annexed to England. The
king, no doubt, considered that a grant of this princely character would also
settle any financial grievances the Percies had against him. Hotspur seems,
however, not to have been content with the fertile territory already sub-
dued. He resolved to overrun the whole country as far as the Firth of
Forth, demolishing the fortresses, and systematically burning and destroying
all before him ;^ but when he appeared before the little tower of Cocklaw,
near Hawick, in the upper part of Teviotdale, which belonged to James-
Gledstaynes,^ the captain, John Greenlaw, refused to give it up, and after
some show of a siege, an entire suspension of hostilities was agreed to in
May, with the stipulation that the garrison would surrender on the ist of
August if they did not previously receive succour from the Scottish
government. Hotspur's professed object in agreeing to these terms was
to provoke the Scots to a pitched battle more disastrous than Homildon.
On the 30th of May, the earl of Northumberland wrote to the council
from Newcastle-upon-Tyne informing them that he and Hotspur had bound
themselves by an indenture to be at Ormiston on the ist of August, in order
to receive possession of the castle if it were not delivered by battle on that
day.' He asked for their good offices in obtaining payment from the king,
so that he might know by the 24th of June on what support he had to
reckon. Instead of the money, he appears to have then received letters
from Henry, in which the king first said that he considered the Percies
would be sufficiently strong at the appointed tryst at Ormiston without any
assistance from him, and then recollecting the great expense this was likely
to cause them, told the earl he had given orders to send him in all haste a
certain sum of money. Two days later Northumberland replied with the
demand of ^^'20,000 as the balance of arrears due to himself and Hotspur.^
Henry was utterly unable to provide such a sum, but he resolved to do all
he could by marching in person to the assistance of the Percies. The earl
in vain endeavoured to dissuade him from this project.' On the loth of
' Scotiiiironicon, lib. xv. 1152; Ann. of House of Percy, i. p. 215 n.
- The Ordnance Survey of Scotland disposes of the difficulty historians have laboured under in fixing
the site of Cockhiw. The Percies would hardly have bound themselves to be both at Cocklaw and
Ormiston on the ist of August had they not been the same place. James and Thomas Gledstanys
'nobiles viri' were witnesses to the publication in the neighbouring church of Great Cavers on the 13th of
November, 1404, of the papal confirmation of that church to Melrose abbey. Liber de Meh-os, ii. p. 486.
^ Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, i. p. 203. ' Ibid. i. p. 204.
* ' Comes denunciavit regi non opus esse sibi sua praesentia, sed nee expedire ut elongaret a patria ;
sed tamen adquievit, ut domini accederent, et barones.' Annales Henrici Quarti, Rolls Series, Joh. dt
Trokehwe, etc., p. 361.
ae
36 WARKWORTH PARISH.
July the king was at Higliam Ferrars, in Northamptonshire. He there
ordered the council to despatch /"i,ooo to his eldest son, Prince Henrv,
who, after a successful raid into Owen Glendower's country, found himself
in great pecuniary straits at Shrewsbury. At the same time he declared
himself resolved to adhere to his purpose of proceeding to Scotland to there
give all aid possible ' to his very dear and faithful cousins, the earl of
Northumberland, and Henry, his son, at the battle honourably undertaken
bv them for him and his kingdom against the Scots, his enemies."
Meanwhile, however, a most formidable conspiracy against the unsus-
pecting king had been woven within the walls of Warkworth. Under the
pretence of enlisting the services of the English nobility for the exploit of
Ormiston, the Percies had entered into long correspondence with all of them."
At first they were careful not to commit themselves too far; the most they
aimed at was to be self-defence and the removal of the king's evil
counsellors ; but in the end all these lords, with the exception of the earl
of Staftord, bound themselves by their seals to support the Percy schemes
in the field. Hotspur entrusted their letters to the custody of his squire,
John Hardyng, who had been with him at Homildon and Ormiston ; and
when, in the beginning of July, they rode away with eight score horsemen
to Chester, Hardyng seems to have deposited the letters in some secret
corner of Warkworth castle.^ It was not until the 17th of July that the
king, at Burton-on-Trent, perceived the imminent danger he was in. At
once he ordered a general levy to resist Hotspur, but in doing so confidently
declared that bv the mercy of God he felt himself strong enough to resist all
the enemies of his crown and person.^ The battle of Shrewsbury, fought on
Saturday, the 21st of July, 1403, proved that this confidence was not misplaced.
' Proc. mid Ord. of Privy Council, i. p. 206. Mr. de Fonblanque in Ann. of the House of Percy, i. p. 211,
n. 2, points out that tliis letter bears conclusive internal evidence of having been written in connection with
those from Prince Henry, dated Shrewsbury, 15th and 30th May, which Sir H. Nicolas was inclined to
assign to 1402. Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, ii. pp. 61, 62. There can, however, be no reasonable
doubt that all three belong to 1403. See Wylie, Henry IV. i. p. 342 n.
" In Scoiichronicon, lib. xv. 1152, it is expressly stated that Hotspur, after having reduced the castle
of Cocklawes, instead of capturing it, allowed the gairison several weeks for surrender, in order to gain
time for further increasing his forces, such forces being really intended, not for the conquest of Scotland,
'but that he might overthrow his own sovereign, Henry king of England, as was soon after put out of
doubt.' Ann. of the House of Percy, i. p. 215, n. 2. According to the Annates Henna Quiirtt all the
chivalry of England prepared to keep the tryst at Ormiston but soon found out that the wliole story was a
myth : ' Cumque multi se parassent ad istud negotium, totum repente monstrabatur phuntasma fuisse, et
frivolum.' Rolls Series, Joh. de TrokcloKe, etc., p. 361.
' Hardyng, Chronicle, ed. Ellis, 1S12, p. 351 n. Hotspur's departure for Chester with such a small
following is perhaps the best example on record of that uncurbed spirit of adventure — effrenata temeritas
— that gave liim his name. Ann. Hen. IV. p. 363. ■" Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, i. p. 207.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 37
On the following Monday the earl of Northumberland was at last
hastening to Hotspur's assistance, when, finding himself confronted by the
levies of the earl of Westmorland, he led back the considerable force he had
collected to Newcastle.^ On the news of Hotspur's death at Shrewsbury,
the earl disbanded his army and withdrew with the members of his household
to Warkworth castle." There, it would appear, he received a letter from
Henry IV. promising to receive him again into favour if he would peacefully
present himself at York.^
But though the promise of his life and an honourable maintenance was
renewed, the earl found himself arrested, was forced to agree that his
four castles of Alnwick, Warkworth, Prudhoe, and Langley should be placed
by the king in ' saveguard and good governance,' and was himself thrown
into prison at Baginton, a castle situated between Kenilworth and Coventry.
Under circumstances such as these it is not to be wondered that his
grandsons and retainers resolved to hold the castles in question.
To tyme the king had graunt hym plener grace.'
The ' survey and governance ' of all the earl's possessions in the north
were entrusted by the king to William Heron, Lord Say.^ He presided
at a council held in Durham abbey," when it was decided, among other
similar measures, that Sir Henry Percy of Athole, the earl's grandson,
Richard Aske, and John Cresswell the constable, should be called on to
surrender Warkworth castle to Sir John Mitford, sheriff of Northumberland.''
Say, therefore, proceeded to Warkworth in company with Thomas Nevill,
Lord Furnival, brother of the earl of Westmorland, Sir Gerard Heron, and
Sir John Mitford, and summoned Sir Henry Percy to evacuate the castle,
' It is extremely difficult to understand where Northumberland was at the time of the battle of
Shrewsbury. Hardyng, the best authority, says that he ' came not out of Northumberland,' but it may
appear strained to interpret this to mean that he never advanced further than some place west of
Newcastle. Ridpath, generally a careful judge of evidence, says his tardy advance was caused by his
being taken ill at Berwick, but gives no authority. Border- History, iSlo, p. 373. The earl, born in
Scarborough castle on the 4lh of July, 1341, was only sixty-two years old at the time. Walsingham's
account of his advance 'in manu robusta et brachio extenso' scarcely tallies with his traditionary
sickness. Ypodigma Neustria, Rolls ed. p. 402.
■ ' Secessit cum cotidiana familia ad Werkeworthe proprium castrum suuni.' Annalcs Hmrici (Jiiarti,
Rolls Series, J. dc Trokcloifc, etc., p. 371. ' Rediens ad castellum proprium dc Werkwortha.' Walsing-
ham, Ypodigma Ncustriw, Rolls ed. p. 402.
' Wylie, Henry IV. i. p. 367. ^ Hardyng, Chruuicle, cciii. p. 362.
' Rot. Pat. 4 Henry IV.; 2, 8, in Wylie, Henry IV. i. p. 369, n. 5. Lord Say was no enemy of the earl
of Northumberland, to whom he left 20I. in his will dated 1404 : ' I having been a soldier under the said
earl and received more than I deserved.'
" Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, i. p. 213. ' Ibid. p. 214.
38 U'AKKWORTH r.VRISH.
and repair to the royal presence. Sir Henry, who could not have been more
than fourteen/ declared himself ever ready to obey his sovereign's behests
provided he were properly armed and accoutred, but this, unfortunatelv, was
not then the case. To deprive him of this excuse, the Lords Furnival and
Say applied to John Wyndale, the chaplain of Alnwick castle, and to the
' wardroper ' there, to furnish Sir Henry with beds suited to his rank, and
vessels of silver, armour, and horses." This Wyndale and the wardrober
refused to do, unless they received a warrant to that effect from the earl. In
the end, the two lords, to make the best of a bad business, persuaded Sir
Henry Percy to swear on the altar that he would be faithful to the king, and
that Warkworth should be well guarded. The constable, John Cresswell,
proved equally intractable. The ward of the castle, he maintained, had been
granted him for his life bv the earl under indenture. The most that could be
extorted from him was an oath to keep the castle loyally for the use and
profit of both king and earl.
Henry IV. was at this time (20th September to 2nd October, 1403) in
Wales.^ Lord Say turned back from Warkworth, bearing a despatch to the
king from Lord Furnival relating the facts just stated,* and he was also
entrusted with one from the earl of Westmorland. ' The castles of Alnwick
and Warkworth,' wrote Westmorland, 'as well as other " fortelettes " in
those parts have not yet been reduced to a proper state of submission. The
king should come north himself after his arrival from Wales. It would be
well if, in the meantime, he would send north by sea siege-engines, cannon,
artillery, and other things necessary for storming these castles, both as a
terror to the disobedient, and for use in case of emergency.''^
' His mother, Elizabeth de Strathbolgi, was born in 1372. Hodgson, History of Northunihcrland, pt. ii.
vol. ii. pp. 43, 49.
- ' lites resonablcs pur son estat vesselles dargent armour et chivaux.' Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council,
i. p. 216. » Wylie, Henry IV. i. pp. 374, 375-
* ' La credence du Sire de Say par le Sire de Furnivalle pur declarer au roy notre soverani seigneur.'
Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, i. p. 213. In editing this work, Sir H. Nicolas has often paid little regard
to the contents of the very valuable documents he was printing. This 'credence,' for example, is entered
in his Chronological Catalogue, introduction, p. xxii., as ' .Minutes of councils held at Durham, 25th
September and 13th October, 1403,' and on p. 213 as '.Minutes of councils held at Warham (not
corrected in errata, p. Ixxxvi.), 25th September and 13th October, 1403.' The truth being that, as plainly
appears in the document itself, the despatch relates to a council held at Durham on the 23th of September,
and the memorandum to an interview between Lord Say and the earl of Northumberland, at Baginton,
in Warwickshire, on the 13th of October, 1403.
' ' La credence donnee au Sire de Say par le conte de Westmerlande pour declarer au roy notre
seigneur.' Ibid. p. 209. Sir H. Nicolas wrongly ascribes this document to 'about July, 1403.' If he had
read it through, he would have seen that the king was in Wales, and the earl of Northumberland in prison
at the time.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
39
As want of funds was causing the Welsh expedition to end in failure, it
was not very likely that Henry IV. would be able to follow Westmorland's
advice. In this difficulty it occurred to Lord Say that he might procure the
pacification of the north by obtaining express orders from the earl of
Northumberland for the surrender of Warkworth and the other castles.
He travelled to Baginton, and there on the 13th of October, the earl, in the
highly suggestive presence of his seven gaolers, agreed with Lord Say that
he would send to London for his great seal in order to affix it to ' everv--
thing that was pleasing to his sovereign lord the king.'' About the same
time Lord Say submitted to the king and council a schedule of letters and
orders to be issued under ' the great seal of the arms of the earl of
Northumberland.'^ Sir Henry Percy and Richard Aske were to be com-
manded to come to the king; Sir Thomas Anlabv and John Wyndale were
to prepare fitting apparel for Sir Henry Percy and to provide for the costs
of his journey ; John Aske was to ride to his brother Richard at Warkworth
and to persuade him to journey south in his company ; and Sir John Mitford
was to take over Warkworth castle, with the assurance that he would be
paid for the expense of guarding it. The earl's great seal was forwarded to
him from London by Richard Vaux, a special messenger, sometime before
the 9th of November,^ but the letters and orders if sealed by it were of little
use. On the 30th of November, Lord Furnival was instructed to open fresh
negotiations with the defenders of Warkworth, and on the 3rd of December
was empowered to receive the custody of it for the king.^ On the 6th of
that month Henrv IV. addressed a writ to Sir Henrv Percv commanding
J o
him, on his faith and allegiance and on the pain of forfeiting everything he
could forfeit, to at once deliver up the castles of Alnwick and Warkworth to
Lord Furnival, and, without further excuse of anv kind, to put in a personal
' ' Fait a rcmembrer que le counte de Northumberlond ad grantez au Sire de Say a IJakyntone
le xiij'"^' jour Doctober {sic) en presence de Rogger Sniert, Robert Wyville, Robert Passemere, Thomas
Riddynges, William Russcheale, Johan Cope et Piers Bareuelle gardeins de luy ; qil voet envoier a
Londres pur son grant seal pur ensealer tout ce que poet estre plesante a notre tresoverain seigneur le
roy.' Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, i. p. 217.
" ' Les nouns as queux lettres seront addressees sil plest a notre soverain seigneur le roy et a son
conseil desouz le grand seal des armes due conte de Northumbrie pur la liveree de les chasteaux desouz
escriptes.' Ibid. p. 21 1. Sir H. Nicolas there erroneously ascribes this list to Aug-ust, 1403, while he places
it under July, 1403, in his Chronological Catalogue. Ibid, introduction, p. xxii.
"'Die Vumns ix die Novanbris, Ricardus t'aitx. Ricardo Vaux misso ex ordinacione consilii regis
cum sigillo comitis Northumbriae eidem comiti liberando, in denariis sibi liberatis per nianus proprias pro
vadiis et expensis suis eundo et redeundo ex causa predicta per consideracionem thesaurarii et camerarii,
xxvjs. viijrf.' Pells Issue Rolls, 5 Hen. IV. Mich.
* Rot. Scot. ii. p. 165.
40 WARKWORTH PARISH.
appearance at court.' Notwithstanding :ill which, on the 13th of January,
1404, the castles of Berwick, Alnwick, and Wark worth were still held by
main force against the king bv Sir William CliiTord, Sir Henry Percy, and
his yoimger brother. Sir Thomas, who were distributing the ' livery of the
crescent' to the large forces they had collected." The castles had not
surrendered bv the 25th of the month ;^ and in February the earl of
Northumberland, having been acquitted of the charge of treason by his
peers, was, with diplomatic generosity, restored by the king to his estates,
even the fine he had incurred being remitted.^
The earl brought his three grandsons to Henry IV. at Pontefract in
June, 1404,'' but his conduct continued to excite suspicion. He had but
recently arrived in Northumberland, when on Saturday, the 3rd of January,
1405, he received letters from the king desiring his presence at a council to
be held at Westminster during the week after St. Hilary's day (141)1 January).
Instead of going, he replied from Warkworth on the 12th of January,
excusing himself on the grounds of having just come home, of his great age
and feebleness, and of the long and bad road in winter time. He prayed
God to grant 'his verv redoubtable sovereign lord' an honoured life, jov, and
health for long to come, and signed himself 'vour hinnble Matathyas.'"
He did attend a council at Westminster on March 22nd, but in the
following May the earl, no longer caring to disguise his opinions, seized the
person of Robert Waterton, esquire, whom the king had sent to him with a
' ' De essericio coram Rege. Rex Henrico de Percy filio Thome de Percy chivaler, salutem. Quibusdam
certis dc causis nos specialiter moventibus, tibi super fide et ligeancia quibus nobis teneris et sub forisfac
tura omnium que nobis forisfacere poteris precipimus firmiter injungentes quod statini visis presentibus
castra dc Alneuyk et Werkworth per te et tuos tenta et occupata dilecto et fideli nostro Thome Neville
Domino de Furnyvalle quern ad ilia de te recipienda per literas nostras patentes depiilaximus liberes seu
liberari facias et excusacione quacumque cessante in propria persona tua penes presenciam nostram in
comitiva nostra personaliter nioraturus te trahas properes et festines et hoc super fide et ligeancia tuis
prediclis ac sub forisfactura antedicta nullatenus omittas. Test. Rege apud Westm. vj die Decembr. Per
ipsum re},'em et consilium.' Rot. Clans. 5 Hen. I\'. pt. i, m. 27.
• 'Et auxi que lez chastelles de Beruyk, Alnwyk et Warkworth sount garde par le mayn fiarce par
Monsieur William de Clifford, Monsieur Henry Percy, et Monsieur Thomas Percy, et voilliount toner lez
ditez chastell encontrc vous s'ils pouront. Et nuxi que lez ditez chevaliers,' etc. Letter from John
Coppyll, constable of liamburgh, to Henry IV., dated Hamburgh, 13th January, 1404. Rovdl and Historical
Letters, temp. Henry IV. Rolls series, i. p. 206.
' Wylie, Henry 11'. i. p. 399, quoting Rot. Pari. iii. 523. ' IbiiL p. 402.
' Ibid. p. 450. In the Annates Henrici Qtuirti, Rolls scries, Jolm de Trokehice, etc., p. 390, two of the
earl's grandsons, Henry and Thomas, are given as the. sons of Hotspur, and only one, Henry Percy of
Athole, as the son of Sir Thomas Percy, who had died in Spain in 1386. This is a mistake; Henry fitz
Hotspur was only in his tenth year in 1404, and is not known to have had any brother.
° Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, ii. p. 103. The earl's father is compared to Judas Maccabaeus in
accounts of the battle of Neville's Cross, ' Dominus Henricus Percy, ut alter Judas Machabacus filius
Matathiae,' etc. Cliron. dc Lancrcost, p. 350, the -Matathias on that occasion being the archbishop of York.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 4 1
messaee, and incarcerated him in the castle of Warkworth.^ He then joined
the conspiracy of Archbishop Scrope, but, as in the case of Hotspur's
rebellion, suftered the insurgents to be defeated before he brought up his
promised levies.
At the head of an army of, it is said, 37,000 men, Henry IV. marched
into Northumberland in person. He brought with him every conceivable
engine of war, from the old-fashioned stone-casting catapults to the newly-
invented guns, one of the latter being so large that, it was believed, no wall-
could withstand the missiles it hurled." The earl fled before him into
Scotland, taking with him his grandson Henry fitz Hotspur. After Prudhoe
had fallen in the first place, the royal host
to W'arkworth remeuid in great araye,
Wher the castell with in aweke was yolde
Vnto the kyng after assautes fell and sore ;
The casteleyns to passe free wher thei would,
With horse and harnes without chalenge more. '
The castle was summoned from the royal headquarters at Widdrington
on the 27th of June, 1405;* the capitulation took place on the ist of
July. The king, writing from Warkworth on the following day to acquaint
the Privy Council with his success, states that the captain of the castle had
announced his determination to hold it for the earl, but that on the royal
cannon being brought up they worked such destruction that after the seventh
discharge the captain and others of his company cried 'mercy,' and sur-
rendered at discretion.* The captain appears to have been John de Middel-
' ' Item, en le mois de Maii suisdit Henry de Percy appelle count de Northumbrie enprisona ou fist
enprisoner Robert Watertone, esquier, de notre seigneur le roy et par luy envoiez en message a dit Henry
de Percy et luy tenoit et fesoit tenir longcment en prisone encontre sa voluntee en les chastelx de Werk-
worth, Alnewi'c, Berwyc, et aillours et'luy ne vuilloit deliverer par mandement ne message de notre
seigneur le roy nen autre manicre tanque johan de Watertone frere au dit Robert fust mys en hostage
pour luy.' Rot. Pari. 7 Hen. IV. 74.
- 'Omne praeparamentum belli, machmas petrarias, balistas et gunnas ; quarum una tarn capax fuit, ut
nullus murus perferret, ut creditur, ictus ejus.' Annahs Hcnrici Quarti, Rolls series, p. 411. The king-
took a personal interest in the construction of his aitillery (Wylie, Hist, of England under Henry IV.
ii. p. 269), and the disastrous effect of his cannonade of Berwick duiing this campaign is attested by the
reports of his son John in Cotton MS. Vesp. F. vii. fif. 109, 116.
' Hardyng, Chronicle, cciii. " Pat. 6 Hen. IV. 2, 4 ; Rot. Viag. 17, 18; Wylie, ii. p. 258.
' Proc. and Ord. of Privy Council, i. p. 275 : ' . . . . le chastel de Werkworthe et a notre venue
illeoques nous envoiasmes au capitain de mesme .... livree dicel, liquel capitain soy tenant assez
fort sibien de gens comme de vitaille et de tout autre estuffe .... refusa outrement de le fane,
disant quil vourroit garder le dit chastel al oeps du dit conte. Et ce a nous rapp .... pour finale
response, nous envoiasmes incontinent a ycel chastel noz canones qui y firent a nous tiel service que
dedeinz sept gettes, le dit capitain et tons les autres de sa compagnie criantz merci se soubmistrent a notre
grace en hault et en bas, et firent a nous liveree du susdit chastel a savoir le primier jour de cest mois
de Juillet, dedeinz quel nous avons mis noz gens.' There is a document dated ' apud parcum nostrum de
Warkworth,' July 2nd, 1405, in Duchy of Lancaster Records, .\i. 15 ; Wylie, ii. p. 259 n.
Vol. V. ^
42 WARKWORTH PARISH.
ham, who had been one of the defenders of Alnwick in 1403. With the rest
of the srarrison he seems to have been accorded the honourable terms
mentioned bv Hardyng, but in August, 1407, it was discovered that he had
received a letter from the earl of Northumberland, which he had communi-
cated to William de Alnewvk, canon of Alnwick abbey and vicar of Chatton,
and he was accordingly arrested and condemned to death. His confession
that he had transmitted the letter in question to William de Alnewvk led
the canon to flee for his life to the earl of Northumberland in Scotland,
w^here he remained for some time. A pardon was granted to Alnewyk in
April, 1408,* and he eventually became archdeacon of Salisbury and bishop
first of Norwich and then of Lincoln.'
Henry IV. had in 1403 appointed his third son, John, then a boy of four-
teen, warden of the East March, and in 1405 he bestowed on him the earl's
forfeited baronies of Alnwick, Prudhoe, and Langley.' Warkworth, though
originally it had been granted to the earl of Westmorland in the camp at
Widdrington,'' became the headquarters of the young prince. To this period
belong four letters written by him at Warkworth, principally to complain of
the defenceless state of the Border in consequence of his being left without
sufficient funds.' Nor can these complaints be deemed unreasonable when it is
remembered that he undertook the custody of the East March for very con-
' ' Dc pardona'cione. Rex, etc., salutem. Sciatis quod cum mense August! ultimo preterito quedatn
litera per nuper comitem Northumbrie cuidam Johanni de Middelham nuper custodi castri de Werke-
worthe in comitatu Northumbrie missa fuisset, qui quidam Johannes literam predictam post recepcionem
et inspeccioneni ejusdem mandavit Willielmo de Alnewyk canonico abbatie de Alnewyke et vicario
ecclesie de Chatton, ac idem Johannes ea occasione postmodum inde impetitus et moiti condempnatus
literam illam prefato Willielmo transmisisse se confessus fuisset, quo pretextu idem Willielmus ob metum
mortis et in salvacionem vite sue fugit et penes prefatum nuper comitem in partes Scocie transivit, ubi ipse
diu moram traxit ut dicit ; nos ob reverenciam Dei de gratia nostra speciali et ad supplicacionem ipsius
Willielmi pardonavimus eidem Willielmo sectam pacis nostre que ad nos versus ipsum pcrtinet pro
omnimodis perdicionibus insurrectionibus rebellionibus forisfacturis feloniis et mesprisionibus quibuscumque
per ipsum ante hec tempera factis sive perpetratis, unde ipse indictatus rcctatus vel appellatus existit, ac
eciam utlagarie si que in ipsum hiis occasionibus fuerint promulgate, et firmam pacem nostram ei inde
concedimus. Ita tamen quod stet recto in curia nostra si qui versus eum loqui voluerint de premissis vel
de aliquo premissorum. In cujus, etc. Teste, Rege. apud W'estmonestenum xxiiij die April. Per breve
de privato sigillo.' Rot. Pat. g Henry IV. pt. 2, m. 28.
- Tate, Hist, of Alnwick, i. p. 274. As bishop of Lincoln, William de Alnewyk aided the foundation of
Eton college in 1440 by appropriating the parish church of Eton to its use. Maxwell Lyte, Hist, of Eton
College, p. 5.
" Rot. Pat. 6 Henry IV. pt. 2, m. 10. ' Pat. Rolls, 6 Hen. I\'. 2, 10, June 27th, 1405; Wylie, ii. p. 281 n.
' Of these letters that in Cotton MS. Vesp. F. vii. No. no, f. 105, addressed to the keeper of the Privy
Seal and dated ' al chastell de Werkworth le xxvj jour de No\ embre,' and the almost identical one of the
same date to the king, ihiil. No. in, f. lo6, seem to belong to 1405, as the prince alludes in them to the
fact of the castles of Berwick, Jedburgh, and F"ast having been recently entrusted to him. In another
letter to the king, 'escript en haste a vostre chastell de Werkeworth,' also on the 26th of November,
possibly in a different year, he declares that he cannot remove John Mosdalc, the constable, from
Scarborough castle, nor interfere with the c.nstles of Whitby and Hartlepool, which belonged to the
abbot of Whitby and Lord Clifford, without more express orders.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 43
siderably less than had been allowed to Hotspur/ and received payment with no
greater regularity. In the letter to the lords of the council, 'written in haste
at Warkworth, the 28th day of December,' he states that he had actually
pawned his silver plate and his jewels for the preservation of Berwick and
payment of his soldiery." He was at Warkworth castle on the ist of January,
1406, when he confirmed there the privileges of Hulne priory by letters
patent.' The castle was entrusted to the keeping of Sir Robert Umframvill,
sheriff of Northumberland, in the capacity of captain ; on the 30th of
May, 1406, the king directed him to restore to the prior and convent of
Durham the chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, which stood about half a mile
to the south of Warkworth, and had been held on lease by the attainted
earl of Northumberland.* Sir Robert appointed John Hardyng to be
constable under him ; and Hardyng was thus enabled to recover in the
castle the letters compromising the loyalty of nearly the whole peerage of
England which Hotspur had confided to his care before the battle of
Shrewsbury.'^ Subsequently, the castle would appear to have become the
property of the royal warden, as John of Lancaster dates his confirmation of
the Maudlins to Durham in 1413 'at our castle of Warkworth on the twelfth
day of May in the first year of the reign of my very sovereign brother King
Henry the Fifth.''
' 'le dit gardein . . a prise la garde de les . ville chastel et marche a ineyndre prys annuelment
pour le temps du guerre que Mons. Henry Percy prist en soun temps par xj'"' u. niarcz en discharge du
roialme,' etc. Cotton MS. Vesp. F. vii. f. Ii6, Pivc. and Ord. of Privy Council, ii. p. 138. Sir H. Nicolas
carelessly translates this 'the duke had undertaken the wardenship for 1,500 marks a year less than was
allowed to Sir Henry Percy.' Ibid. pref. p. .\iv. and Chronological Catalogue, p. viii.
• 'Jay mys en plege tout mon vessell dargent ovec toutz mes autres poveres jo aulx pour lease des
souldeours et salvacion de la ville.' Cotton MS. Vesp. F. vii. No. 113, f. 107. The Cottonian Catalogue,
p. 498, which ascribes all four letters to 1407 on no authority, has misdated this one 2Sth November.
' 'Johannes illustris regis Angliae filius conestabularius Angliae ac custos orientalis Marchiae versus
Scotiam, etc. Data sub sigillo nostto in castro de Werkeworth primo die Januarii anno regni metuen-
dissimi domini et patris nici regis Henrici quarti post conquestum Angliae septimo.' Proc. Arch. Inst.
1852, ii. app. p. xcvi. The charter is there headed Confirniatw domini Johannis ducis Bedfordiae. John of
Lancaster was created duke of Bedford and earl of Kendal on the i6th of May, 1414.
■' ' Rex dilecto et fideli suo Roberto Umframvill capitaneo castri nostri de Werkworth, etc., xxx die
Maij.' Hodgson, Northd. pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 142. Cf. Mandate of Henry IV. to the receiver of Warkworth
castle to pay 20s. to the sacrist of Durham from Warkworth mill in the king's hands by the forfeiture of
Henry, late eail of Northumberland, Westminster 30th May, A" r. vij. Raine, North Durham, app. p. 143.
See also Feodarium Prioratus Dunelmcnsis, Surt. Soc. No. 58, p. 2.
^ 'whiche letters I sawe in the castell of Werkeworth, when I was constable of it vnder my lord, Sir
Robert Vmfrevile, who had that castell of Kyng Henry his gift, by forfeture of therle of Northumberland.'
Hardyng, Chronicle, cciii. ed. Ellis, 18 12, p. 361. Umframvill had also the town and demesne of Warkworth.
Clans'. Roll, 10 Hen. IV. 32, October 30tli, 1408 ; Wylie, ii. p. 259 n. Sampson Hardyng was appointed a
commissioner to enquire as to a Flemish vessel driven ashore at Warkworth and plundered by the earl of
Mar, February 28th, 1410. Pat. Rolls, 11 Hen. IV. ed. I, 4d. ; 13 Hen. IV. 27 d. ; Wylie, ii. p. 260 n.
" 'En tesmoynance, etc., a nostre chastel de Werkworth, le xij jour de may Ian du regne de mon
tressoveraine frere le Roy Henri quint puis le conquest primer.' The seal is inscribed 'sigill . . iohannis
filii henrici regis.' Raine, North Durham, app. p. 143.
44 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Two years later, on the 21st of May, Jolm Hull and William Chancellor
received instructions from the king to conduct Murdoch of Fife, the son of
the duke of Albany, who had been a prisoner in England ever since the
battle of Homildon, to the north for the purpose of exchanging him for
Henry Percy, the son of Hotspur, who had been left in Scotland by his
grandfather, and letters ordering them to receive Murdoch were written to
the constable of Warkworth and to Sir Robert Umfrainvill ;' while on the
27th of Julv, 1415, Henry V., just before setting sail for Honfleur and
Agincourt, granted at Southampton an annuity of 3,000 marks to his brother
John, whom he had created duke of Bedford, in compensation for the
lands that he intended to restore to Henry Percy. The exchange of Murdoch
for Percy fell through, and it was not until the 28th of February, 141 6,
that Lord Grey of Codnor and Sir John Nevill received Percy at Berwick
from the hands of Albany's agents." On the i8th of March following Henry
Percy did homage to the king in parliament, and was, he tells the prior of
Durham, 'restored to my name' as earl of Northumberland.^ On the 14th
of April an order was issued to the bailiflfs and farmers to admit him to the
possession of all lands granted in tail to his father or the earl his grandfather.
That same vear he was made warden of the East March, and the castle of
Warkworth seems to have become his favourite home. Here he confirmed
the rights of Hulne priory on the 3rd of October, 14 17, in a charter of which
Sir Robert Umframvill is the first witness ;■* and here his son, John Percy,
' 'A n're ch' & b'n ame le conestable dc n're chastell' de (' Bamburgh' cnistd) \\'arkworth,' etc. Proc.
and Ord. of Privy Council, ii. p. i6l.
■ Deputy-keeper's ^yd Report, app. i. p. 5S1. The precise date is recorded in the Little Pedigree of
the Percy Family at Alnwick castle, compiled in the time of the fourth earl of Northumberland. 'Anno
dni MCCCCXV" iij° kk marcii introivit Henricus percy comes secundus in Angliam apud Herwyke super
Twedam et eodeni anno desponsavit alianoram filiam Rad' Nevyle.' The year 14};^ was leap year ; and,
according to this, the marriage of Henry, the second earl, must have taken place between the 2Sth
of February and the 25th of March, 1416, thus corroborating the statement of the Whitby Register,
Harl. M.S. 692, xxvi. f. 235, that Henry I'ercy's restoration to the earldom was due to the intercession of
his mother-in-law, the countess of Westmorland. The melodramatic account of this marriage given in
the Hermit of Warkworth has no historical foundation.
" 'rcstitut a moun nome.' Letter of Henry, earl of Northumberland, to the prior of Durham, dated
London, 23rd of March (l4}|), preserved in the Treasury, Durham, loc. 25, 146. .Seal gone. The date of
the earl's restoration is generally incorrectly given as the i6th of March. During his detention in
Scotland, he witnessed as Henry de Perci a charter (now in the possession of the duke of Argyll) granted
at Stirling, iSth of January, 1413, to Duncan, Lord Campbell, by his father-in-law Robert, duke of
Albany. Hist. MSS. Comm. app. 4th Report, 1873, P- 47°-
' ' Confirmatio domini Henrici de Percy sexti. Pateat universis per praesentes quod nos Henricus de
Percy comes Northumbriae filius et haeres domini Henrici de Percy chivaler nuper defuncti, etc. Hiis
testibus, Roberto Umframville, Roberto de Ogle, Johanne de Woddryngton, Willielmo de W'hytchcster,
Thoma de Gray de Horton militibus, et multis aliis. Data apud castrum nostrum de Werkworth tertio
die mensis Octobris anno Regis Henrici quinti post conquestum .Angliae quinto.' Proc. Arch. Inst.
1852, ii. app. p. c.
warkworTh castle. 45
was born on St. Grimbald's day (8th July), 141 8.' In the Treasury of
Durham are preserved five letters of this period dated from Warkworth
castle, though the years are unfortunately not given. In one (6th March,
14 . . ) addressed 'To oure right dere and with all oure hert enterly wele be
lovede sire in god the lord prioure of Duresme ' the earl of Northumberland,
having, as he says, previously applied for ' licence and lefe ' unto his priest
Sir John of Warmouth ' to permutate with the vycar of Byllynghame,' offers
'to be bonden with other knyghtes and squyers ' that Warmouth 'sail be of
gude beryng unto ' the prior and all his tenants and parishioners.- This letter
not producing the desired effect, the earl wrote again, this time to the prior
and convent and in French, on the nth of March ;^ this second letter was
supported by one of the same date from his countess, who equally betrays her
eagerness to have the vicar of Billingham for chaplain in Warmouth's stead.^
Notwithstanding these importunities the exchange seems never to have been
effected. On the earl's second letter the seal of his signet still remains bearing
a lion sejant guardant^ gorged with a crescent, and the motto ie espoyr ; that
of the countess on her letter has a sprig in flower enclosed in a crescent
inscribed with F csperance!' Another time the earl (21st July, 14 . . )
informs the prior and convent that his ' squier and cousin William Strother
hath a son whiche occupieth ye scoles at O.xenford called Henry Strother''
his 'Sybman,' and asks 'that unto some benefice' of their ' colacion ' they
' woule vouchesave aftre y" preferment ' of his ' clerk maistre George Radcliff
specially to have him recommended." In the fifth of these Warkworth letters
(15th August, 14 . . ) the earl requests that the bearer, John del Wardrobe, a
poor and aged man, may be presented to the first vacancy in the conventual
almshouses at Durham.**
Warkworth next appears as the scene of more important negotiations :
from it the bishop of Durham, William Alnewyk, and Lord Scrope write to
' Collins, Pierage, 1812, ii. p. 2S0, quoting Cavell's Roll. The most excellent and detailed account of
the Percy family there given is generally supposed to have been written by Bishop Percy. St. Griinbald
was a monk of St. Bettin at the time King .Alfred was entertained in the abbey on his way to Rome. He
was invited over to England by .Alfred in S85, and became abbot of the secular canons of Newminster at
Winchester, where he died in 903. '" Original letter in the Treasury, Durham, loc. 25, 159.
^ 'Escript a nostre chastell de Warkeworth le xj""' jour de marce.' Ibid. loc. 25, l5o. The pope, the
earl declares, would readily grant the licence in question. 'John Weremouth, chaplain,' is mentioned in
the will of John Stockdale of Newcastle, Sth April, 1416. Welford, Nca-cinile und Gateshead, 14th and
15th Cent. p. 260. ' Original letter in the Treasury, Durham, loc. 25, 144.
^ See Longstaffe, Percy Heraldry, in Arch. Ael. n.s. iv. pp. 157-22S, and for reproductions of the seals
p. 90, j>ost. " This reminds us of Chaucer's Cambridge story, ' Poor scoleres tuo. Of o town were they
iDorn that highte Strothir, fer in the North, I can not telle where.' Reeve's Tale, lines 4000 and 4012.
' Original letter in the Treasury, Durham, loc. 25, 164. 'Ibid. he. 25, 149.
46 WARKWORTH PARISH.
ihc king of Scots on the 23rd of Angust, 1425, respecting a prolongatii^n of
the existing trnce and Sir Kobert Uniframvill's mission to his court.'
In 1428 the earl of Northuniberhind granted the hospital of St. Leonard
at Alnwick to the abbot and canons there with the reservation of an annual
payment of 5 marks for his chantry recently founded in his castle of Wark-
worth.- The will of William Stowe of Kipon, an old retainer of the Percies,
dated 1430, mentions his 'bed of red' and breastplate at Warkworth.'
Here, too, the earl confirmed on the 14th of September, 1441, the fishing
rights given to Alnwick abbey by John de Vesci.^ The issues of the office
of the provost of Birling were assigned for the lord's works within the
castle in 1442. Robert Davison, the janitor, received 2d. a day in wages
granted by the lord's letters patent. John Brotherwyk received four pounds
a year for celebrating divine service in the castle chapel in 1443.'^
In 1448 Earl William of Douglas passed into England on the i8th of
July 'and did great scaith and brynt Werkworth."' On the 12th of October,
1450, the earl of Northumberland was again at the castle and bestowed the
advowson of the church of Leckonfield on Alnwick abbey.' The priors of
Tynemouth and Brinkburn, Sir Robert Ogle, Sir Henry Fenwick, Roger
Thornton, William Bertram, Richard Albrough, and John Cartington
attested this last charter.
Both the second and the third earls of Northumberland fell in battle for
the Red Rose. Warkworth, according to the chronicle of John Warkworth,
' Proc. and Old. 0/ Privy Council, iii. p. 171. Sir H. Nicolas there erroneously styles Wiliiain de
Alnewyk, at that time probably archdeacon of Salisbury (see cintc, p. loS), Luvd .^Inewyk.
-"Et nos dictus Henricus de concessu dicti abbatis et conventus, reservamus nobis, hacjedibus et
successoribus nostris, de proventibus praefati hospitalis, quinque marcas legalis monetae Angliae, per
eosdem abbatem et conventum solvendas quolibet anno imperpetuum, per duos anni tcrminos, Pente-
costes videlicet, et Sancti Martini in hyeme, aequis porcionibus, Canlariae nostiae nuper fundatae in castello
nostro de Warkworthe Datum in castello nostro de Warkworthe, xxvi'" die mensis
Februarii. Anno Domini M"CCCC"XXVIJ".' LtiiisdoiL-iic MS. 326, Tate, Abiu-ick, ii. app. p. xxii. There
seems to be no entry of the foundation of this chantry in Bishop Langley's Register. Tate (ii. p. 41) is
mistaken in supposing that the obligation of paying the 5 marks was removed in 1457. It was not
removed till 1532. ^ Test. Ebor. ii. Surt. Soc. No. 30, pp. 12, 13.
''Datum sub sigillo nostro apud Werkworth, quarto decimo die mensis Septembris, anno k. R.
Henrici sexti post conquaestum Angliae xx".' Lcimdowiic MS. 326, Tate, Alnwick, ii. app. p. xiv. See
also Hist. MSS. Com. 3rd Report, app. 1872, p. 47. ' Duke of NorthumberUmd's MsS.
" Chronicle of tlie Reign 0/ J times II. 0/ Scotland, published by Thomson, quoted in Hodgson MSS.
''Noveritis nos Henricum comitem Northumbriae, et dominum honoris Cockirmouth, ac consortem
nostram, ex consensu et assensu Heniici primogeniti noslri, intuitu charitatis, et pro salute aniniarum
nostrarum, patrum, matrum, et omnium antecessorum nostrorum, et specialiter pro salute animae
excellentissimi principis et domini nostri, Henrici quinti, quondam Regis Angliae, etc. Hiis testibus,
Johanne priore de Tynmouihe, W'illelmo priore de Brenkburne, Radulpho Percy filio nostro, Roberto
Ogle, Henrico Fenwyke, mililibus, Rogero Thornton, Wilklmo Bartrame, Ricardo .-Vlbroughe, et Johanne
Cartintonne, arniigeris. Datum apud VVerkworthe, xij" die mensis Octobris, Anno Domini M'^CCC'L".'
LansdoK'nc MS. 326, Tate, Alnwick, ii. app. p. xxiii.
WARKWORTH CASTLE, 47
was one of the castles which the Lancastrians retained after the defeat of
Towton in 1461, and ' vytaled and stuffed both with Englischemenne,
Frenschemenne, and Scottesmenne ; by the which castelles thei hade the
moste party of alle Northumberlond.'^ However, on the 8th of August of
that year Edward IV. appointed Robert Ogle steward and constable for life
of the lordships of Alnwick, Warkworth, and Prudhoe, and all other manors
and lands that had belonged to the late earl of Northumberland," and on the
loth of August, 1462, the king granted the castle manor and lordship of
Warkworth to his brother George, duke of Clarence.' In the following
December, Warkworth was the headquarters of the king-making earl of
Warwick, from which he directed the sieges of Bamburgh, Alnwick, and
Dunstanburgh, then in the possession of the Lancastrians. ' My lord of
Warwyk,' writes John Paston the voungest to his brother John Paston
the younger from Newcastle on the loth of that month, ' lythe at the castvll
of Warcorthe, but iij myle owt of Alnewyk, and he rydyth dayly to all thes
castelys for to overse the segys ; and if they want vataylys, or any other
thyng, he is redy to pervey it for them to hys power. The kyng comandyd
my lord of Norfolk for to condyth vetaylvs and the ordynans owt of new
castyll on to Warcorthe castyll, to my lord of Warwyk ; and so mv lord of
Norfolk comandyd Syr John Howard, Svr William Peche, Syr Robert
Chamberlyen, Rafe Ascheton, and me, Calthorp and Gorge, and othyr, for to
go forthe with the vytalys and ordynans on to my lord of Warwyk ; and so
we wer with my lord of Warwyk with the ordynans and the vytalys
yesterdaye.' * The Lords Crumwell, Grey of Codnor, and Wenlock, were at
Warkworth with the earl of Warwick at about this time,'* nor does it appear
that Warkworth ever fell again into the hands of the Lancastrians.
'&■
' Warkworth, Chronicle, Camden Soc. No. 10, p. 2. John Warkworth was master of Peterhouse,
Cambridge, 1473-1498. His picture in a clerical habit holding an open book with both hands, is in the
library, with the distich underneath :
' \'ives adoptata gaudeto prole ; probato
Non cuicunque libet, progenuisse licet.' Ibid, introd. p. xxv.
In the new stained glass of the windows of the college hall his arms are given as those of Clavering,
Quarterly or and gu. a bend sa. ■ Cal. of Patent Rolls, i Ed. IV. p. 44.
^ Rot. Pat. 2 Ed. IV. pt. I, m. 3. It is said that this grant of Warkworth and other estates of the
Percies was made fur the purpose of enabling Clarence to support the dignity of lieutenant of Ireland, and
that Robert, the first Lord Ogle, was appointed constable of Warkworth and other castles under him.
Mackenzie, Northd. ii. p. 113. Does the sign of the principal hostelry of Warkworth ' The Sun,' perpetuate
the well-known badge of the House of York and also of the Ogles, its chief supporters in the north ?
* Paston Letters, ed. Gairdner, ii. p. 121.
" ' My lord of Warwick lieth at Warkworth, and with him the Lord Crumwell, the Lord Grey of
Codnor, and my Lord Wenlok.' E.xccrpta Historica, Bentley, p. 365, from Cotton Charters, xvii. 10.
48 WARKWORTH PARISH.
On the 27th of May, 1464, Warwick's brother, John Nevill, Lord
Mountagu, the victor of Hexham, was created earl of Northumberland.^
Warkworth may have been practicallv entrusted to Mountagu in his
capacity of warden of the Marches, for on the 7th of December (1464-
1469), under the style of 'the earle of Northumberland and Lord Mountague,
wardin,' he writes 'at my castle att Warkworth' to Sir John Mauleverer,
desiring him to cause Thomas Wade and Richard Croft to cease threatening
to beat or slay the servants of Sir William Plumpton.-
On the 27th of October, 1469, Henry Percy, the eldest son of the third
earl of Nortliumberland, swore fealty to Edward IV. at Westminster, and
was consequently released from confinement in the Tower.' The following
spring the duke of Clarence engaged with the earl of Warwick in a
conspiracy for the restoration of Henry VL ; and on the 2nd of March,
1470, Warkworth and other forfeited estates of the Percies which had been
granted to them appear to have been resumed by Edward IV.'' John Nevill
is said to have surrendered his title of earl of Northumberland, and on the
25th of INIarch he was advanced to the marquisate of Montagu.'' The
next day the custody of all hereditaments which had belonged to the
third earl of Northumberland, and had recently been possessed by the duke
of Clarence and earl of Warwick, was entrusted bv Edward IV. to Sir
Henrv Percy," and he was soon afterwards appointed warden of the East
and Middle Marches." In the September of the same year the restoration
of Henry VI. was actually effected, and while it lasted Sir Henry Percy
naturally bore his father's title. The battle of Barnet, 14th April, 1471,
replaced Edward IV. on the throne ; but though Percv had, owing to the
' Rot. Pat. 4 Ed. IV^ pt. I, ni. lo ; Ridpath, Border History, iSio, p. 428, states that he was already
styled earl of Northumberland in a commission dated 26th May. The 'county of Nortluunberland ' was
not granted lo 'John Nevill, earl of Northumberland,' till 28th July, 1466. Rot. Pat. 6 Ed. IV. pt. i, m. 4.
■ Plintipton Correspondence, Camden Soc. No. 1839, p. 25.
^Rymer, Focdera, xi. 649. ' Cotton, Abridf;enieHt 0/ the Records, 1657, p. 689.
^ John, earl of Northumberland, had received a grant of certain castles, etc., in Devon and other
counties on the 19th of Feb., 1470. Rot. Pat. 9 Ed. IV. pt. 2, m. 6.
° ' Rex concessit Henrico Percy militi, custodiam omnium hereditamentorum que fuerunt Henrici
ultimi comitis Northumbriae ac nuper Georgii, ducis Clarencie, ac Ricardi com. Warr. a|)ud Ebor. xxvj die
March.' Rot. Pat. 10 Ed. IV. m. 12. The earl of Warwick had been granted the castle and honour of
Cockermouth with its members, etc., in Cumberland, and other estates in Westmorland, Yorkshire, etc.,
on the nth of April, 1465. Ibid. 5 Ed. IV. pt. I, m. 14. In the Calendar 'Cumberland' has been
misprinted ' Northumberland.'
' ' Henricus Percy filius Henrici nuper comitis Northumbriae constituitur custos Marchiae orientalis
et mediae .-Vngliae 17 Jul. 10 Ed. iv. (1470).' Rot. Scot. ii. p. 422. The Middle March is here mentioned
for the first time.
WAEKWORTH CASTLE. 4g
complications of his position witli regard to the marquis of Mountagu, who
had turned Lancastrian, passively, at any rate, aided Edward's return, he was
not styled earl of Northumberland by the Yorkists till August, 147 1.'
That same month Sir Henrv Percy, the lord's cousin, arrived at
Warkworth on his affairs in the company of Sir John Pikering and Robert
Foster. The earl's household followed, and remained at the castle during
November and December. Roger Widdrington was then constable and
John Smothing, janitor." The next year the earl appears to have married"
Maud Herbert. It was deemed prudent to settle Warkworth and other
manors on the young countess, and her chaplain took seisin of it in July.
Every preparation was made for the young couple taking up their abode on
the banks of the Coquet. The mill was improved, the barn-yard was covered
with houses for the lord's corn, the fishery was taken into hand, and many
pastures and meadows formerly let were now reserved. The gutters of the
castle were cleaned,' the walls of the slaughter-house repaired, and John
Frost and his fellows roofed the lord's grange and the o.x-house in six days,
at 4d. a day among them. A kev was bought of Thomas Lorymer for
'the fish-house within the castle'; in this there were at Michaelmas one
hundred and seventy salt salmon, and one hundred and sixty salt grilse, in
the accountant's keeping. The earl's hounds^ were, by his order, held in
readiness for him in December, 1472. The straw of the tithe corn was used
as litter for the oxen and horses, and for ' beds in the castle.' The household,
however, brought their own beds with them.^
' The marquess of Montagu was made warden of the East March in place of Percy by Henry VI.
on the 22nd of October, 1470 ; Sir Henry Percy was reappointed warden of the East and Middle Marches
by Edward IV. on the I2tli of June, 1471, and as Henry, earl of Northumberland, he appears in a com-
mission for treating of truces with Scotland, on the 26th of August, 147 1. Ibid. pp. 425, 428, 430. On
the loth of August, 1472, he was summoned to parliament as earl of Northumberland, but it is recorded
then, in that very parliament which met on the 12th of October, 1472, that ' Henrie Percie, knight, son
and heir to Henry Percie, late lord of Northumberland, is restored in bloud to the said earldome, and
to all such hereditaments of the same earl as came to the king's hands the second day of March, in
ann. g Edward IV. and the attainder made against the said earl ann. i Edw. IV. is made void.' Cotton,
Abridgement.
'^ John .Smothing of Warkworth, yeom.an, received a general pardon from Edward IV., 8th March, 1463.
Cal. of Patent Rolls, 3 Ed. IV. p. 261.
^ The whole extract is worth quoting as a sample of the minuteness with which mediaeval accounts
were kept : ' Paid to John Morrok hired to drive the lord's waggon to Morpeth and thence to Warkworth
with two waggon loads of leail for two days and one night I2d., and for cleaning the gutters of the castle
8d., also for " auxillynge " the said waggon I2d., for tallow bought for oiling it 8d., and for candles bought
for the servant keeping '■ dictos boves " for this same time 3d. : 3s. 7d.' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' ' Canes currentes.'
* ' Pro diuersis lectis abductis et asportatis per servientes dicti domini ad transitus suos apud Wark-
worth.' Puke nf Northumberland's MSS.
Vol. V. 7
5© WARKWORTH PARISH.
During the two following years, Ralph Bayllye, the castle grieve, thrice
rode to Rock, Embleton, and Blvth to buy corn for the household. William
Thomson and John Walker received 8d. for cleaning the great hall and the
donion.' A rope'" was purchased for ringing the bells of the cluipcl, and an
ell of linen cloth for mending the conduit of water ;^ the bucket was pulled
up'' and repaired. Thomas Turnour began making a ' siphorum '^ of ash and
other necessary jars for the various offices of the household in April, 1474.
The earl remained at Warkworth till the December of that year. Thirty
salt grilse were left in the larder, twenty of these being rotten and of little
value, were given as the lord's alms to the poor."
On the 1 8th of April, 1475, the earl, being at Warkworth, received
William Johnson, a Scot, to be an English subject.' On the 22nd of August,
1477, he bestowed there an annuity of £if on Thomas Alnwick, a young
scholar of the schools of O.xford, and on the 28th of the same month, one of
40s. during pleasure, on George Swan, tumbler.'' Two vears later Godwin
Lampleugh (probably Gawen Lampley of Warkworth, who had been one of
the last to stand by Henrv VI. at Bamburgh in 1464)" appears as constable
of the castle. Smothing was still janitor, John Bonour was gardener of
the lord's garden, and Thomas Barker was chaplain. Twelve beasts provided
for the household were grazing in the park with three horses belonging to
the countess and 'the cow of the lord's eldest son,' then little more than a
year old, having been born, perhaps in the castle, on the 13th of January,
1478.
In 1480 John Strodir was employed to buy oxen and sheep for the earl's
e.xpedition into Scotland with an armed force in August. This advanced no
further than Jedburgh. Wine was taken from Warkworth to Alnwick
'against the coming of the sister of the king of Scotland,' an incident in the
weary diplomacy of the period. James Bell, one of the earl's trumpeters,
received 15s. a year ; Robert vSpencer, the porter at the outer gate, was paid
2d. a day. Stone was brought from Birling quarry for the repair of the
castle and for new work. Five waggon-loads of fuel from Acklington park
' ' Pro purgacione . . . magne aule et le dongeon.' Duke of Nirthumhcrland's MSS.
■ ' Cordula.' Ibid. ' ' Pro emendacione conductus aqiie.' Ibid.
* ' Pro sublevacione de le buket extra fontem.' Ibid.
' (?) Siphonem = siphon: 'The cocke; or pipe of a conduit; the tap or faucet of a hogshead,' etc.
Cotgrave.
" ' Liberantur pauperibus in elemosina doniini pro co quod putrefact' fuerunt et minime valoris.' Duke
of Northumhci-hiid's MSS. ' Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. app. p. clvi. from the original at Syon.
» D'ike of Northumbeyland's MSS. ° Border Holds, i. p. 256.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 5 1
were consumed at the lord's foundry in casting brass for the use of the
household. Oats and peas were ground at the mill for the lord's hounds, and
bv his verbal order to the vicar of Warkworth, a woman named 'Bondeland,'
who died there on the ist of January, was buried at the cost of 3s. 4d.
Early in the reign of Henry VII. trees were felled at Shilbottle for the
works of the castle. Lancelot Hesylrigge, the constable, paid by the lord's
directions los. 8d. for making anew fourteen feet of glass in the windows
where most required; 13d. was laid out in iron for the bands and ' les ■
geniewes';^ the glazier provided 4 pounds of solder and 100 'glassenayle.'
A tiler and his man repaired the stone roof of the porter's lodge, and the roofs
of the house over the well and of other houses in the castle. They covered
'the lord's stable within the castle,' and cleaned the gutters and leads of all
the towers. A great cleaning of the hall and of the chambers of the lord and
the lady, and other chambers and houses took place, in anticipation of the
earl's arrival in August, 1480.- White straw was brought for the beds, and
rushes for strewing in the hall and chambers.
Alarm at the appearance of Lambert Simnel and the e-xpiry of the truce
with Scotland perhaps caused the special allowance of 6s. 'for watching
within the castle ' made to Heselrigge as constable by the earl's orders ;
6d. was expended on one great lock with a key for the door of a chamber
within the castle called 'Crake ferguse'; 17s. 4d. was paid for carpenter's
work, and building the walls of the ' slaughter howse ' and roofing, and
plastering it. In August, 1487, the earl was at Newcastle in attendance
on Henry VII., who had come north himself to punish Simnel's adherents.
Thirty salmon were supplied from Warkworth for the use of the earl's
foreign household on this occasion.^
General repairs of the castle and of the buildings belonging to it outside
were carried on in 1488. Three rods of new paling were erected between
the stable and the ox-house. A new gable was put in at the west end of
the stable, and thirty thraves of white straw were used for covering it.
Ten ' sersins ' of bent were bought for lod. for the purpose of being strewn
in the chambers of the castle. Edward Ratclyff was now constable,
Smothing being still janitor. The earl was at Warkworth in October,
' Gcmc2ccs = crooks, or hinges, or hingles. ' Hengvl, gymewe. Vertinclla.' Promptorium Paivulortim.
' ' Pro purgacione sive mundacione aule camerarum domini et domine et aliarum camerarum et
domorum erga adventum domini illuc venientis mense Augusti.' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ^ Ibid.
52 WARKWORTH PARISH.
when he ordered Henry Ellergyll, the vicar, to be paid £b 4s., which
he had disbursed in connection with the foreign household ; 4s. 2d. was
paid for the carriage of a pair of organs from the castle to Newminster
abbey.' In April, 1489, the earl was murdered in Yorkshire. Three
letters, evidently his, 'written in my castell of Warkworth,' to his cousin.
Sir Robert Plumpton, are still extant. In that of the 15th of June
(1483-8), he asks Plumpton to reconcile his servant, Thomas Saxston, and
Richard Ampleford of Spofforth.^ On the i6th of Julv (1483-8), he attempts
the ' peacifying of a grudge depending betwixt' Plumpton and Sir William
Beckwith.^ The letter of the 31st July (1486-8), relates to matters con-
nected with the administration of the lordship of Knaresborough.''
Thomas, earl of Surrev, who came north to avenge the earl's death,
was received at Alnwick bv the bov of eleven, who become fifth earl of
Northumberland ; and there, too, this Henry the Magnificent again enter-
tained Surrey with the marriage train of Margaret Tudor in August, 1503.
The sum of 6s. 8d. had been . laid out, however, in previous work in
preparing the castle of Warkworth for the lord's coming, and 70s. 4|d. was
expended in the repair of ' a tenement by the gate of the castle,' held by
Thomas Buttery, the new porter. Christopher Thrilkeld claimed his fee
as constable in 1506, but failed to produce the letters patent for his
appointment. In the year of Flodden, John Heron, then constable, bought
26 pounds of gunpowder for the store of the castle, and executed certain
repairs, involving the outlay of 33s. lod. Heron was fined £'] for various
trespasses by the earl's commissioners in 1517, and finally was 'exonerated'
from occupying his office at Lady day, 1519. A new ' scutell,' called a
'bocket,' was made at the cost of 3s. 8d. for drawing the water from the
well.'* A stone wall on the north side of the castle had recently fallen
down for want of repair;'' 13s. was spent on labourers taking the stones
and sand from its foundations, and 5s. each was given to the master masons
' Dxikc 0} Northumberland^ i MSS.
- Plumpton Correspondence, Camden Soc. 1839, p. 76. Robert Plumpton was knighted by the duke
of Gloucester at Berwick, 22nd August, 1482. The earl was murdered by a mob near Thirsk, 28th April,
1489. = Hid. pp. 72-73.
* Ibid. p. 81. Sir Robert Plumpton acted as deputy for the earl at Knaresborough from 4th March,
i486, p. 79 b.
^ ' Pro factura j novi scutell vocati a boket pro aqua de fonte extrahenda iijs. viijd.' Duke of
Northumberland's MSS.
''JNIuri lapidei ex parte boreali castri de Warkworth qui nuper cecidit ad terram pro defectu
reparacionis.' Ibid.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 53
of the towns of Berwick and Hexham for their advice as to its repair.'
Two masons were engaged to point out to the labourers how they should
put the ashlars in one place and the fragile stones in another for their
preservation until the wall was reconstructed." The repairs were con-
tinued under the new constable, Thomas Horsley ; in 1523 two thousand
stones, called ' conyers and achillars,'^ were brought from Birling quarry,
and a lime kiln was built near the castle. During the following year,
William Davye, the cattle grieve, set sawyers, carpenters, and tilers to
work at the great hall and ' the houses called the counting house, the
brew house, and the draw well.' Some dispute seems to have arisen about
this time, and Edward KadclyfFe to have been appointed constable in
Horsley's stead. On the i6th of June, however, the earl gave a verbal order
at Petworth that Radclyffe's fee should be respited, and John Dent of
Newcastle was fined lOOs. for breaking the arrest of various persons who had
been apprehended by Horsley. At any rate, Horsley was again constable
later in the summer, when he had one ' le staler ' made, and ' the great
hall within the castle ' ' emundated ' against the coming of the duke of
Norfolk (as commissioner to negotiate the truce with Scotland, which he
concluded at Berwick on the 4th of September). John Laicock, plumber,
received £(i ys. id. for covering the roofs of all the towers and other
buildings. Edward Wharriour and Thomas Patenson cleared and ' ridded '
the ' ground work ' of the stone wall, and William Mason was paid the
large sum of £6 6s. 8d. for mason work. Three loads of timber wei'e
brought from Shilbottle wood to make windows for the chapel in the
donjon.*
There seems nothing to show that the fifth earl of Northumberland, who
so carefully regulated his baronial establishments at Wressil and Leconfield,
was ever much at Warkvvorth himself. It became the favourite residence of
his son, the sixth earl, Henry the Unthrifty, during his tenure of the office of
lord warden of the Marches. In 1528 Thomas Horsley the constable was
allowed 45s. lod. for the maintenance of the hostages given bv the men of
North Tyne as security for their good behaviour.'^ On the 3rd of September,
' ' Solut' magistro lathamorum ville de Earwyke vs. et magistro latliamorinn ville et Hexham vs.
Diikc of Northumberland's MSS.
Cum vadiis ij lathamorum monstiancium dictos laboratores ut ponerent lapides vocatos achillers
in j loco et alias petras frangibiles in alio loco pro saluacione carundem erga nouam constructuram
eiusdem muri.' Ibid.
'' i.e., quoins and ashlar stones. ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ' Ibid.
54 WARKWORTH PARISH.
1529, the earl wrote from the castle to the duke of Norfolk to say that he
had put to death all the Scots of Teviotdale that came into his hands except
three, and that the proclamation he had just made was well observed in the
Marches, ' appearing thereby unto me that they dread more the pain of
money than their lives.'' The next year he here confirmed the charters of
Hulne priory on the 4th of August," and on the 3rd of December, 1531,
granted to his chaplain Sir George Lancastre ' myn armitage bilded in a
rock of stone within my parke of Warkworth.''^ His ' chariotman ' Richard
Stevinson bought that year a quarter of oats for 3s. 4d. from Thomas Symson
of Acklington for the horses of his chariot at Warkworth.'' He released, at
Hackney, on the 26th of March, 1532, the abbot and convent of Alnwick from
the obligation imposed on them by the second earl in 1427 of maintaining a
chantry priest in Warkworth castle and from the penalties they incurred for
not having done them in his grandfather's, his father's, and his own times.*
William Hepel took a cart load of tents from the castle to Shilbottle wood
in August, 1532. The household returned to Warkworth in September.
John Williamson, the controller, bought seventeen loads of hay from the
tenants of Thriston for the lord's horses at 2s. 4d. a load. The tenants of
Birling led four loads of slates for a new roof of the buildings over the
gate.^
Writing to Henry VHI. from the castle on the 22nd of October, the earl
tells the king that Mark Ker had openly promised the earl of Murray before
the kins: of Scots ' that within five davs after he wolde burne a toune of mine
O
within thre myle of my poore house of Werkwourthe where I lye, and gif me
light to put on mv clothes at mydnyght.' Thirty light horsemen despatched
by Ker to Whittle on Shilbottle Moor found no fire there, and they had
forgotten to bring any flints or tinder with them. They seized a poor
woman near her travail, and shouting, 'Where we cannot give the laird
' Letters and Papers (Foreign and Domestic), Hen. V'lII. iv. p. 2645.
- Hist. MSS. Comm. yd Report, app. p. 47.
^ Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, p. 227 n. By letters patent dated 7th January, 1532, the earl appointed
Robert Horsley for life to be keeper of the gates of the castle of Warkworth, at a salary of 60s. 8d.
annually, seneschal of the castle at 265. 8d., and superintendent of the park paling at 13s. 4d. He
probably about the same time appointed Cuthbert Carnaby constable of the castle for life at ;f 10 a year.
Min. Ace. 30-31 Hen. VIII. No. 222. ' Bonier Holds, i. p. 425.
' ' Et insuper sciatis nos praefatum comilem pro nobis et haeredibus nostris relaxasse at quietum
clamasse imperpetuum praedictis abbali conventui et successoribus suis de omnibus et singulis arreagiis
ante diem confectionis praesenlium non solutis, tam in diebus avi nostri et patris nostri quam in diebus
nostris quae solvi debucrunt annuatim ex provcntibus hospiialis Sancti Leonaidi pro sustentacione salario
et stipendio unius presbiteri imperpetuum celebraturi infra castellum nostrum de Warkeworth.' Tate,
Alnwick, ii. app. p. xxiv. " Duke of Northumberland's MSb.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 55
light, yet we shall do this in spite of him,' dealt her three mortal wounds on
the head.' Northumberland made a raid to Dunglas near Dunbar, the like of
which had not been seen in winter for two centuries.'^ The Scots threatened
a formal invasion, and though they did not carry this out, the whole council
repaired to the lord warden at Warkworth on February 2ist, 1533. On
the 3rd of March the earl went to Alnwick abbey ; two loads of his 'betri "
and other stuffs were carted there, and even some lime.^ The ' Scotteshe
imbassetours' (Sir James Colvile of East Weems and Master Adam Otterburn
of Auldham, who concluded a truce at Newcastle on the ist of October)
passed some time at Warkworth ; Robert Horsley, the castle grieve,
paid the wife of William More 2od. for horse-bread' and oats for
them. Between the 2nd and the 29th of the month William Fynche the
miller (who seems to have been of considerable assistance to the earl in his
pecuniarv straits) delivered 68 gallons of beer to Robert Errington, the
under butler, '^ at 3d. a gallon by tally. Extensive preparations were,
however, made for brewing at home. A ' falce botom ' was fixed in the
brew-house ; two vats and twelve hogsheads were bought from Edward
Baxster of Newcastle, and a cooling vat from Thomas Weghtman of Eshet.
A master mason named Blaverde was employed to take down the fire-place'
in the great chamber in the donjon and make it anew. Divers tables,
'fisnames,"^ and pictures of saints were taken from Warkworth to Topcliff by
Robert Havle. The six nags of the lord, two horses of Thomas Wharton,
thirty-three horses of the lord's servants, and four horses of his ' trumpettes '
were allowed to run summer and winter in Acklington park."
In May and June, 1534, George Chamber, William Vase, Edward Skelton,
John Crawster, and six other masons, with eight labourers, were employed
in taking down and rebuilding the stone wall between the Montagu tower
and the great gatewav.'" Sly, the smith, got 2d. for mending the kev of
the great gate, and new keys were furnished both for the great gate and
' state Papers, Hen. VIII. vol. iv. pt. iv. p. 622. ^ Ibid. iv. p. 637 n.
' (?) Battery = metal or articles of metal, especially of brass or copper, wrought by hammermg.
Murray, New. Eng. Diet. Cf. in French, 'batterie de cuisine.' ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
= ' Pro pane equino.' Ibid. The entry inevitably calls to mind the definition of ' oats ' in Dr. Johnson's
Dictionary. " ' Valecto pincerne domini.' Ibid.
' ' Pro decapcione camini in magna camera infra le dongen at pro nova factura eiusdem.' Ibid.
» In three syllables, as fisnamcs = portraits. This is an old form of physiognomy = face or
countenance. ' Fisnomye, ^/»'so;!0);i/j.' Proiiiptoriuni Parvulorum.
'Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
'" ' Muri lapidei inter Montague toure et magnam portam castri.' Ibid.
56 WARKWORTH PARISH,
the wicket. Robert Mylne made a new drawbridge^ with timber from
Acklington park for the sum of 6s. 8d. Two frames were sawn for the
armoury and the back of it trussed up ; a forge was placed there. New joists
were put in the old chamber over the porter's lodge ;"" the lord's chamber was
provided with a double door, and a ' freestone ' was set up in the larder. A
bed and a ' writing-bourd ' were made for the controller's clerk. The roofs
of the great barn, the 'dungeon ' and 'the house where the tents lay,' were
attended to. A thorn hedge was made for keeping the ' boscus ' in the
college of Warkworth ; the roof of the hay-house^ there was repaired,
and Thomas Monk received 4d. for putting whins in the windows of
the college. Afterwards George Harrison, Edward Sanderson, and Thomas
Winslow were employed by contract to take the wood out of the college up
into the hall of the donjon. Robert Wharriour and William Patenson were
absent fourteen days riding to Topcliff with ' disgisingstuf.'*
In 1534-X535, John Theobald, farmer of a portion of the demesne,
received 3s. 4d. for expenses in connection with the horses of the 'imbacetours'
of Scotland.' John Lyon, the farmer of the common oven, claimed 33s. lod.
'for the board of the lord's sei-vants and prisoners.'^
A short time before his death at Hackney, on the 2gth of June, 1537,
the unhappv earl gave his estates to Henry VHL, much in the same way as
Agricola constituted Domitian his co-heir. He seems to have hoped that
some dav thev might be restored to the family of his brother. Sir Thomas
Percy, who had been attainted and executed for his conduct subsequent to
the Pilgrimage of Grace.''
Sir James Lavbourne, with Thomas Holt and others, proceeded to
Warkworth in August to take possession on behalf of the Crown. They
reported :
The castell of Warkworth ys a verey propre pyle, strongly buylt alle of stone, standing open the
see syde, nye unto the towne of Warkworth, and iij partes of the same invyroned w' the water of Cokelt,
having an innerwarde and an outerwarde, and a fayer strong dongeon towre in the myddes thereof, w'
many goodly towres and other edyf\xes, and moche propre lodgyng and howses of offyce and other
necessarye rowmes in the same, properly devysed and veraye commodyously sett forth, and alle covered
w' leade, excepte the halle stables and other buyldynges, whiche be covered w' sclatte, and ys in metely
good state of reparacions, and Cuthbert Carnaby nowe occupyeth as constable of tl-.e said castell by letters
patentes of the said late erle for terme of his lyfT, albeyt Thomas Horselcy makyth clayme to the same
offyce by reason of a former grante.
' ' Pro nova factura pontis tractabilis extra portam castri.' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
* ' Circa ereclionfm del gelste^ x-eleris camere desiiper le porter's loge.' Ibiil.
' ' Domus fenalis.' Ibid. 'Ibid. ^ Ibid. ' Annals of the House of Percy, \. p. 472.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 57
On the 20th of the month, Robert Southey, who was one of the
party, wrote to inform Cromwell that after most diligent search they could
find nothing of value at Warkworth belonging to the late earl, 'except chapel
stuf, 200 almain rivetts with as many bows and 400 halberds, ready to be
conveyed away.' These Southey placed in Alnwick castle in charge of the
abbot of Alnwick by indenture, till the king's pleasure was known.'
A further survev was made in the spring of 1538 by Richard Bellysys,
Robert Collingwood, and John Horsley, who were commissioned to see what
repairs were requisite for ' gud sure holdyng and keeping ' five of the king's
castles in Northumberland :
The Vieu of the Castell of Warkworth.-
The wich castell is a very propere howse and has within it a gudly draw well, a payre of yron gaytts
and a postern gayt of yron. And the said castell is in good reparacion saveynge this thyngs foUowynge.
Fyrste, ther is a new wall at the est syde of the gaythouse wych wall is not fully fynessyd and by
estimacinn xx/i wolde fynesse it.
It. ther is a fayre kychyngc, wich wantts a part of the coverynge, and a fother and a half of leyde
wold amend it sufficyantly. For the plumber's wages xviij5.
It. ther is a fayre brewhowse and a bakhouse coveryd with sclatts and two fayre stabylls with garners
a bove thame, coveryd also with sclatts, wich howssc must be poynntyd with lym, and amendyt with
sclatts in dyvers places liijs iiijrf.
It. ther is a marvellus proper dongeon of viij towres; all joyned in on howse togethers and well
coveryd with leyd, saveynge on ' of the said viij towres which must have for mendyng of fylletts and
webbes ' half a fother of leyd. For the plumber's wages xijs.
It. the gret tymbere' the dynynge chamber and a littyll chamber over the gaytts wher the erle lay
hymself : mych of thes thre chambers royfifs must be new castyn, the leyd of thaym. For it raynes very
niych in theym. And two fothers of leyd to the leyds, that is of the said royffs wold amend theym
sufficyantly ; and for the charg^es of plumber's wages vj//.
It. for makynge of a horsse mylne xH.
Sum totale xUi iijs iiijrf.
And over and above the ^
said sum ther must be Viiij fother of leyd.
for the said castell )
The constable of Warkworth was then Cuthbert Carnaby, esquire, who,
with his servants, Leonard Myres, Robert Kellett, and Robert Davison, and
George Carr, keeper of Warkworth park, attended the muster held at Alnwick
on the 17th and i8th of April, 1538.'' He was also the king's receiver, and as
' state Papas, 29 Hen. VIII. vol. 12, pt. ii. p. 548. " Chapter House Books, B^'j, P.R.O. " i.e., one.
' Fillet, a narrow strip or ribbon ; in this case used in joining the ruehs or broad sheets together. The
edges of the sheets are often turned up and burned together (not soldered) and a fillet used to cover the
joint.
'Sic. 'Chambrc' was no doubt intended. A word following it that may have been 'of has been
inked over. '' .'Irch, .A el. 410 series, iv. 162.
Vol. V. 8
58 WARKWORTH PARISH.
such laid out /"15 17s. jd. that year on the repair of divers towers, the great
stable and other buildings within the castle, as also on the embattlement of
the south wall and the repair of the great barn.'
About this time John Leland, the Antiquary Royal, made his tour
through the North of England. ' Werkeworthe castell,' he tells us, 'stondythc
on the southe syde of Coquet watar, it is well maynteyned and is large, it
longed to the erle of northomberland it stondithe on a highe hill the whiche
for the more parte is includyd with the ryver, and is about a mile from the se,
ther is a piety (s/c) towne, and at the towne ende is a stone bridge withe a
towre on it.' ^
The sanitary condition of prisoners in the dungeons of mediccval castles
must have been terrible in the extreme. On the 8th of December, 1538, the
council of the North write from York to Henry VI IT. : ' Dyvers of the
prisoners latelye takene by Sir Reynolde Carnabye, knight, and ymprisoned
within youre castell of Warkworthe be there dede of the plague. And
amongis others oone Jerrye Charleton, a/ais Jerrye Topping, the oonlve
accuser of John Herone of Chipchas, and of suche others the murderers of
Roger Fenewike, late murdered in Tynedale, is yet leving, and is indicted of
sundrie robries."
Cuthbert Carnaby accounts in 1540 for the expenditure of £^ i8s. lod.
on repairs to the castle.^ In 1541 the sum of 11 6s. 2d. was laid out on
repairs to divers edifices within the castle and to the ' dongeon,' being the
wages of bricklayers, slaters, and carpenters, together with the ' emundacion '
of the ' dongeon ' against the arrival of the duke of Norfolk.''
In spite of the recent plague among the prisoners, Warkworth must have
been considered exceptionally healthy. During the serious outbreak of ' a
' ' Reparaciones. Et in consimilibus denariis per ipsum receptorem solutis pro diversis reparacionibus
factis et appositis in et super diversas turres maj;nuni stabukim ct alia edificia infra castrum domini rcs^'is
de Warkeworth hoc anno, ut in vadiis plumbatorum carpentariorum lathamorum et aliorum operancium
in eadem reparacione cum empcione plumbi le sowder tegularum vocatarum slates diversarum scrarum
cum clavibus et clavorum de diversis sortibus cum imbatillacione niuri lapidei ex australi parte ejusdem
castri cum reparacione niagni orei ibidem ut patet per librum predictum super hunc compotum restitutum.
xvli xvijs vijrf.' The account of Cuthbert Carnaby, king's receiver of all castles, lands, etc., accjuired by
the king from Henry, earl of Northumberland, in the county of Northumberland from Michaelmas, 30
Henry VIII. to Michaelmas 31 Henry ^'III. in Ministers' Accounts, 30-31 Hen. VIII. No. 222. P.R.O.
^ Border Holds,\. p. 27. " State Papers, Hen. VIII. v. p. 142. ' Min.Acc. 31-32 Hen. VIII. No. 256.
° 'Et in denariis per dictum receptorem solutis pro reparacione hoc anno facta super diversa edificia
et le dungeon infra castrum domini regis de Warkcworthe ut in vadiis lathamorum tegulatoumi et
carpentariorum cum empcione tegularum et diversarum serarum cum clavibus et aliis ferramentis cum
emundacione le dongeon erga adventum ducis Northfolkiensis ilhic venientis ut in eodem libro plenius
continetur. cxvjs iji/.' Min. Ace. 32-33 Hen. VIII. No. 216. In 1542 John Falkconer receives 17s. 4d.
for the park paling, and £cj 6s. 2d. is entered for repairs to the castle. Ibid. 33-34 Hen. VIII. No. 264.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 59
hot and dangerous ague' at Alnwick in 1543, Lord Parr of Kendal, the
brother of the last and most fortunate wife of Henry VIII., then w^arden of
the Marches, chose Warkworth on this very account for his residence. ' As
the place moost holsome and clere from all enfections,' he writes from
Newcastle on the 24th of May, ' I ame determyned for a tyme to make myne
abode at the kingis majestes castell of Warkw-ourthe, but foure myles at the
moost from Alnewik, the whiche being somme thing decayed and out of
reperation, I have parteUe caused to bee apperelled and put in redines, and-
my preparations to be conveyed thiddre, whiche I doubte not shalbee fullie
perfourmed and furnished within thies eight daies ; whiche done, I entende
to repaire thiddre, and there to reside, and from thens to remove to the
castell of Alnewik, as the infections or infirmities there shall sease, and
thoccasions shall require.''
In preparing for Lord Parr's visit Robert Horsley, the seneschal of
Warkworth, laid out 15s. 2d. on the ' emundacion ' of the great hall, the
kitchen, and divers chambers. It is curious that while Norfolk in 1541
occupied the donjon, Parr in 1543 seems to have chosen to reside in the range
of buildings connected with the great hall. Between the 17th of May and the
nth of August, a further sum of _^40 was spent on repairs to the houses,
brew-houses, towers, and buildings within the castle. Parr himself vouching for
the items of this expenditure. In addition to this, £12 12s. gd. was employed
under his directions between the 7th of July and the 25th of October in
paying carpenters, masons, smiths, painters, and carvers, and for the repairing
of tents and pavilions.'
Sir Ralph Eure, a brave young soldier, the son of the deputy-warden Sir
William, prays the earl of Hertford, in a letter dated Warkworth, the 7th of
June, 1544, that his father being 'somewhat crosside ' may remain at home
this time, and that he may conduct ' the exploit ' in his stead. He also would
^ state Papers, Hen. VIII. v. p. 299.
= ' Et in diversis reparacionibus super domos pandoxatoria turres et edificia infra castrum domini regis
de Werkeworthe factis et appositis per mandatum Domini Willelmi Pane gardiani generalis niarchiarum
Anglie versus Scociam a xvij'"" die Maii anno xxxv'" Regis Henrici octavi ad xj'""" diem Augusti proximo
sequentis ut patet [per] unum quaternum papiri de particulis inde factis manu propria ejusdem Willelmi
Parre subscriptum continens summam xl/ et pro consimilibus reparacionibus factis super dictum castrum
inter vij"'" diem Julii et xxv""" diem Octobiis eodem anno ut m vadiis carpentariorum cementariorum
fabrorum variatorum et sissorum reparancium les tentes et pavilions ibidem per warrantum manu
Willelmi Domini Parre predicto receptori directum super hunc compotum ostensum penes Edwardum
Edgore auditorem lemanentem ut patet [per] imum alium quaternum papiri manu Jacobi Rokebye subscrip-
tum inde restitutum contmens xij/ xijs ixrf oU. ac pro reparacione facta per Robenum Horseley prepositum
castri ibidem super emundacionem magne aule coquine et diversarum camerarum ante adventum dicti
Domini Parre illuc venientis ut patet [per] unam billam de particulis inde factis continentem summam xvs
ijrf, in toto, etc., liij/ vijs xjrf ob: Min. Ace. 34-35 Hen. VIII. No. 227.
6o WARKWORTH PARISH.
be glad if his lordship could spare him 'his trompyte,' and if it were possible
that he might have him on Monday morning by six or seven of the clock,
for ' it should be a gi'ete encouragement for our men and a discourage for the
Scotts.'' Jedburgh and Kelso were burnt in this 'exploit,' but Sir Ralph
closed his brilliant career on Ancrum Moor in the following February.
After Somerset's return to Entrland from his victorv at Pinkev Cleugh,
William, Lord Grey of Wilton, whom he had left as the king's lieutenant
on the Borders, wrote to him from Berwick on the i8th of October, 1547,
announcing his intention of removing to Warkworth till the spring :
I fynde in the litle tynie tliat I have lyen upon thies frontiers such a skarcyte folowing bothe of horse-
meate and vitt.ayles that in case I lye here all this wynter with the men at armcs and demi launces, in the
spriny^ of the yeare when for service sake we must perforce lye here it shall not be had to furnyshc us.
Wherfore I meane (yf your grace shalbe so pleased) for this depe of wynter to remove to Warkworth
castle, and towardes the spring to repayre hither agayne. I trust your grace woll not conceave that I
move this for my owne ease but for the reasonable causes aforesaid. -
Accordingly, beginning with the 20th of December, 1547, and ending with
the 20th of April, 1548, most of Lord Grey's correspondence is dated from
Warkworth castle.'^ The administration of the Bordei's was in great financial
straits, but John Uvedale, the treasurer for the garrisons in the north, was
enabled to inform the Protector Somerset from Newcastle on the 15th of
December, 1547, that he had appointed ^500 to be delivered by his servant
at Warkworth castle,' and John Brende, the muster-master for the northern
ports, despatched a letter to the Protector from Warkworth on the 9th of
April, 1548, with the intelligence that 'the mariners had been mustered by
the lord lieutenant and paid by Mr. Uvedale.'^ In Sir Robert Bowes' Book
of the State of the Marches^ Warkworth is mentioned in 1550 as one of the
royal castles going rapidly to decay on account of no annual repairs being
done to them. John Shafto was then constable."
Queen Mary having, on the ist of May, 1557, created Thomas Percy,
nephew of the sixth earl, earl of Northumberland by a new patent, restored to
him Warkworth among other estates of his familv. On the 20th of January,
1558, he informs the queen in a letter from Warkworth : 'Yesterday I saw six
sail of ships pass towards Scotland, seeming to be those you advertised me of."
Writing thence again on the 30th of April, he gives her an account of how
' Hist. MSS. Comm. Report, 1883, Hatfield Papers, part i, p. 43.
- State Papers, .Scotland, Ed. VI. ii. No. II. ' Cut. 0/ State Papers, Scotland, 1509-1603, i. ])]). 72-85.
' Cal. 0/ State Papers (Dom. Add.), 1547-1565, p. 350. ^ Ibid. p. 3S0.
° State Papers (Dom. Add.), Ed. VI. iv. No. 30 : Hodgson, Northcl. pt. iii. vol. i. pp. 244, 246, from
Cotton .MS. Titus F. 13. ' Cat. of State Papers (Dom. Add.), 1547-1565, p. 468.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 6 1
he had devised with his brother on the Thursday previous to burn Langton
in the Merse, where the lieutenant of Scotland was then lodged, and of the
fray with Lord Home which arose from this raid.' After the accession of
Elizabeth, he concluded with the earl of Bothwell a deed for abstinence of
war at Warkworth on March the 29th,- and he acknowledges from there, on
the 13th of May, 1559, the instructions he had received for settling certain
articles about Scotland in accordance with the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis.^
By direction of Earl Thomas, George Clarkson made a survey of Wark- ■
worth in 1567,'' which furnishes a full and most valuable account of the state
of the castle :
The castell of Warkworth ys situate one the ryver of Cockelt, one the sowth syde of the same ryver ys
one Utle mount partly mad by nature of the ground with the course of the said ryver one the west syde
and on theast and north sydes with moytes casten and mad by men's worke, and one the sowth part ys
the waye and passadge to and from the sayd castell by two severall wayes, one of the w"" two passadges
were good to be mad use, that is the waye that goyth towardes the sowth by the loyninge were most
expedyent thendes of the said loyninge strongly ditched casten or made w"' stone wall, and the hye
streate to be made to goo thorow the demaynes and the same casten in a loyning there w'h a stronge
quickwood hedge casten of eyther syde the stones of thold cawseye taken awaye and a cawseye newly
made wi-'Mn that ground of the saide demaynes viz. from the northende of a niedowe close called
Tybbettes close^ eastward to one hye waye that goyth to the gate of the demaynes, and alonge the same
waye to the sayd gate w"^'" might be done w"' small chardges, and that done, the parke wold not onely be on
that syde well inclosed the dear have feadinge nighe the gate of the sayd castell but also yt shold be a great
strength to the sayd parke, castell and groundes joyninge upon the same- a better passadge than that that
nowe ys in all respectes, and hurt to no person, so that the same were well and orderlye done or made.
The buyldinge of the sayd castell one the sowthe parte, is thre towres, viz., the gatehouse towre in the
micUe therof, w''' is thentrye at a drawe bridge over a drye moyte, and in the same towre ys a p'son and
a porter lodge, and over the same a fare lodginge called the counstables lodginge, and in the courtayne
betwene the gatehouse and west towre in the corner beynge round of diverse scjuares called Cradyfargus
is of a fare and comely buyldinge a chappell and diverse houses of office one the ground and above the
great chambre and the lordes lodginges all w* be nowe in great decaye aswell in the covertour beynge
lead, as also in tymbre and glas and w'-'^owt some help of reparacions it will come to utter ruyne.
Turnynge north from that southwest corner in that courtayne streatchinge to another litle towre
called the posterne towre ys : thold hall w'^'' was veric fare and nowe by reason yt was in decay ys
vnrooffed and the tyinbre taken downe lyinge in the sayd castell in the same square a buttrye, pantrye,
and ketchinge, w^h are now. also in utter decay and at thentrye into the hall for the porche therof ys
raysed a litle square towre wherin is two chambres, and on the foresyd in stone portrayed a lyon verie
wrokemanly wrought and therfor called the lyon towre the same ys covered w"-!' lead and in good
reparacions.
' Cal. of State Papers (Dom. Add.), 1547-1565, p. 474.
^ Cotton MS. Caligula, B. x. 3. ^ Cal. of State Papers., .Scotland, 1509-1603, i. p. 108.
* This survey, so far as relates to the castle, is printed from the original MS. at Alnwick castle.
The versions of it given in Grose, Antiquities, iv. p. 154, and Hartshorne, Pruc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 206 n.
are full of minor inaccuracies.
■^ Tybbettes close can still be identified to the south of the castle ; but to clearly understand the
meaning of the altered approach proposed by Clarkson it is necessary to refer to the old plans of the
parks, etc., as they were before the present high road, ha-ha, etc., were made.
" Hartshorne has left out the word 'of Prof. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 206 n.
62 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Tliother towre called the postcrne towre is two lodginges under «<='! goith owt a posterne and the same
ys covered w"' lead and in good reparacions.'
In thcst syde of the great hall was ane ile sett owt w"' pyllers w<='' yet standelli and is covered w"' lead.
fifrom the gatehouse towre to the towre in theast corner called - ys no buyldingcs but
onely a courtayne wall fare and of a newc buyldinge and in y' towre ys a stable one the ground and thre
lodginges above the ' the same ys covered w"' lead and in good reparacions.
Turnynge ffrom that towre towardes thedoungeon north is a nother litle turrett in the wall, ys sett upon
that courteyne wall-stables and gardners over the same covered w"" slate and in good reparacions.
Over the courte from the sayd towre called the posterne towre to the sayd turrett is the fundacion of a
house w"^ was ment to have been a colledge and good parte of the walls were builde, w"^ if yt had bene
finished and made a parfit square the same had bene a division betwene the sayd courte the lodginges
before recyted and the doungeon. The buildinge that was mad of the sayd coUidge is now taken awaye
savinge that certayne walls under the ground thereof yet remayne, and at theast parte therof is now a
brewehouse and bakhouse covered w'^" slaite and in good reparacions.
In the sayd courte ys a drawell \\<^^ seruethe the holle house of water.
The doungeon is in the north parte of the scyte of the sayd castell sett upon a litle mount highyer
then the rest of the courte . . steppes of a grease' befor ye enter to yt, and the same is buyld as a
foure square and owt of evrye square one towre all w* be so quarterlye squared together, that in the
sight evrye parte appeareth fyve towres verie fynelye wrought of mason worke and in the same conteyned
aswell a fare hall kytchinge and all other houses of offices verie fare and aptely placed, as also great
chambre chapell and lodginges for the lorde and his treyne.
In the midle therof is a peace voyd vt'^^ is called a lanterne, n"^ both receyveth the water from diverse
spowles of the lead and hath his conveyance for the same, and also gevith lighte to certaine lodgings in
some partes, and on the parte of the same at the toppe ys raysed of a good hight above all the houses a
turrett called the watch house upon the toppe wherof ys a great vj'ewe to be had and a fare prospect
aswell towardes the sea as all pties of the land.
In the north parte of the sayd doungeon ys portrayed a lyon wrought in the stone very workmanly.
The castell is envyroned one thre partes \v"' the said ryver and of the north parte in an angle w"'in
the sayd water is situate a towne called the borowgh of Warkworth and the parishe churche and at the
northend thereof a bridge over the water and a litle towre buyld on thende of the s lyd bridge, wher a
pare of gates ys hanged and nowe the sayd towre ys w"'owt rooff and cover, and w"'owt amendement will
in short tyme utterlye decay . yt shall be therefore very requisite that the towre be vv"'all spead reparcd
and the gaites hanged upe w"'' shallbe a gret savefety and comoditye for the towne.
Clarkson goes on to point out the poverty of the burgesses of Warkworth,
and the necessity there was to benefit and help them, in order that they might
be able to provide lodgings, for ' the gret resort ys alwaye of gentlemen as
also of others of meane degre to his Ip. which wilbe rather the more tyme of
his Ip's abode in the castell of Warkworth.'
Two years after Clarkson completed this survey, Earl Thomas joined the
earl of Westmorland in the unfortunate rising of 1569. While the earls
marched south with the intention of re-establishing the ancient faith, 'secret
' The whole paragraph relating to the postern tower has been omitted by Hartshorne. Pivc. Arch.
Inst. 1852, ii. p. 206 n.
■■' Subaud. ' the Montagu tower.' Clarkson seems to have purposely omitted the name, which, reminis-
cent of the Nevill occupation, must have grated on a Percy ear. '' Sic.
'A 'grease' or 'grees' signifies a stair. Uxocknn, Glossary of North Country Words. The passage
was probably intended to have been, ' and there be ... . steppes of a grease before ye enter to yt.'
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 63
warning was given to Northumberland's servants to be ready in defensive
arrav at an hour's notice. Great numbers of persons were put into Alnwick
and Warkworth castles to keep them forciblv, as was suspected, against the
queen's peace.' Sir John Forster, warden of the Middle Marches, conse-
quentlv made a proclamation, dated November the i8th, before the gates of
both castles ordering everv person to depart and leave the castle immediately
under pain of being ' taken knowen and used as a travtour against her
majestic." ' If Alnwick and Warkworth were taken it would be,' he pointed'
out to the earl of Sussex in a letter from Alnwick, the 25th of November,
1569, 'a great stay to this country and the earl would have no retreat here.'-
It was with some difficulty that he obtained possession of them, 'by reason
that they were garded with a good number of armed men of the earl's servants
and tenants.''' He was anxious that both Alnwick and Warkworth should be
attached to his charge of the Middle Marches.^ He subsequently mentions
among other Jesuits who had taken refuge in Scotland ' one Shepparde that
said masse in the earl of Northumberlande's castle at Warkworthe.''
On the igth of May, 1570, Edmund Hall and William Hombertson, the
royal commissioners for enquiring into the estates of those compromised in
the rising of the previous year, were at Warkworth." 'The castle of Warke-
worth,' they report, ' ys wythin fyve myles of Alnewyke towarde the southest
wythin one quarter of a mvle of the sea . and vs verv well buylded all of stone
and covered wyth lead . and is scvtuat upon the topp of a hvll on the south
and est of the rvver of Coker;' the hall and other houses of offyce late taken
downe by therle of Northumberland meanyng to reedify the same ageyn
whiche ys undone and no provysion remaynyng there towardes the same
buyldyng.'
Thomas Radcliffe, earl of Sussex, the president of the council of the
North, fixed his residence at Warkworth castle in the summer of 1570. On
the 15th of August he wrote from there to Lord Herries charging him with
maintaining Leonard Dacre and conspiring with him against Elizabeth." The
next dav he announced his intention of proceeding to the west Borders to
avenge himself on those who were openlv supporting the English refugees.
' Sir Cuthbert Sharp, Mctitorials of tlie Rebellion of 1569, p. loS n.
^ Cal. of State Papers (Dom. Add.), Eliz. 1566-1579, p. 126. ' Ibid. p. 118. ' Ibid. p. 20S.
" Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 85. " Hall and Hombertson' s Survey, P.R.O. i. p. 151.
' The commissinners had just come from completiriff a survey of Cockermouth castle, and so confused
the Coquet with the Cocker. » Cal. of State Papers (Dom. Add.), 1566-1579, pp. 319, etc.
64 WARKWORTH PARISH.
After wasting Annandalc and sacking Dumfries he was again at Warkworth
on the 8th of September. Lord Hnnsdon was with him on the lOth. From
the 14th' to the i6th he was engaged there in the tangled diplomacy of
Scottish affairs, negotiating at the same time with the duke of Chatelheranlt
and the party of the queen of Scots and with the earl of Lenno.x and the
supporters of the young king. He was still at Warkworth on the 28th.-
Lord Hunsdon, the first cousin of Queen Elizabeth and one of the noblest
and bravest men ever employed on the Borders, mav have noticed, during the
time that he was at Warkworth with the earl of Sussex, the way in which Sir
John Forster was plundering the castle. He wrote the following spirited
protest against Sir John's destructive avarice, to Burghley, which that
statesman has docketed ' April, 1572 ' :
I knowe not what awtoryte ys commytted to Sir John Forster, of th' erle of Northumberland's lands
and howsys, ror what therof he hathe purchasyd ; and therfor, when any complaynts come too me, I can
say nothinge. But he taks upon hym too have the rule of all, and so comands what he lyst ; and thys I
assure your lo. that ytt ys grete pytty too see how Alnevyke castell and Warkworth are spoyled by hym
and hys. And yf sum order be nott taken for the stay therof, whensoever hyr majestie shall have
orcasyon too send any lieutenant ynto thys cuntry, she shal be att no smale charges to repayre the same.
And for the abbey that stands yn Hull parke, he hathe neythar lefte lede, glase, ierne, nor so muche as
the pypes of lede that convayd the water to the howse ; but he hathe broughte ytt too hys owne howse,
and as I am credabley informed, he meanes utterly too deface bothe the uther howsys, Warkworth and
Alnwyk, which were grete pytty. '
The unfortunate earl of Northumberland was at this time a prisoner
in the castle of Lochleven. Sold by the Scots to the merciless Elizabeth
in Julv, he was beheaded at York, in spite of Lord Hunsdon's urgent remon-
strances, on the 22nd of August, 1572. Under the letters patent issued
by Queen Mary in 1557, his title and most of his estates, which as long as
he lived attainted were enjoyed by the Crown, should have passed to his
brother Sir Henry Percy, but Sir Henry did not ' enter into his inheritance
in the county of Northumberland ' till 1574, and was not summoned to
parliament as earl of Northumberland until six years later.
On the 27th of May, 1574, Gilbert Errington, George Clarkson, and
others repaired to the castle of Warkworth as the new earl's commissioners,
and were given possession by Hugh Finch, who was in charge.^ They found
that ' the lead above the old drawing room it is utterlv decayed and wasted,
' Sussex's proclamation for a cessation of arms is dated Warkworth, 14th of September, 1570. Cotton
MS. Calig. C. ii. fo. 104.
- He removed to Alnwick, where he complains on the 9th of October that 'the weather grows extreme
and the chimnies of this house and Warkworth will suffer no fire.' Cnl. of State Piipcrs (Foreign), 1569-
Ip/D, No. 1325. ' Sharp, Mem. of Rc'idlion, 1569, p. 26 n. •• Duke of SorthumherUind's MSS.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
65
bv means whereof the rain water doth descend through the same and rot
and injure the timber, and also the tower toward the south-west, called by
name Cradvefargus tower, is in utter ruin and decay, and without especial
remedy like to bring down with it a great part of the walls and chambers
adjoining the same.'^ A former inventory seems to have been produced ;
The watch tower.
Taken awaye by Mr.
Michaill Thirlkeld-
the harnesse, with
the sieves of male
and the poke of
muster sead
Delivered to Lecken-
feld iiij"'' willy
speares, ij" demy
lances, a tronchion
of a standard.
Delivered to Richard
Shawe the xix''"
emptye hodgesheds.
Imp
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Item.
Inventory of \V.\rkworth C.\stle.
mis. The uppermost chamber : one coopbord with a locke and a kye.
one
cU four yerde, with a
In the myddest chamber: one copbord,
locke and a kye.
The lowest chamber : a locke and a kye.
The two staire headcs : ij lockes and ij kyes.
The privy chamber : two copbordes, a locke and a kye.
The drawinge chamber: one table, ij furmes, a jjairc of . . * . .
one poke with mustard sede, iij lockes and iij keyes.
The chapell chamber: iij lutes, ij giltourns, one furme, a locke and a kye.
The chapell : one letterone, one fourme, ij lockes, ij kyes.
The hall : iij longe tables, vj furmes, a litle copbord by the windowe,
iiij'" wille speeres, ij demy lances, a tronchion of a standard.
In the wyne seller: . . * . . ij copbordes, ij fourmes, v gauntres,
ij lockes and one kye.
The butter)-e : .xix emptye hogesheedes, ij " pipes, ij barrelles with
beere, ij gauntres, one brode tobbe, one copbord, one fourme,
iiij stone pottes, ij lockes and one kye.
The pantry: iij copbordes, ij- furmes, ij buffett stoolcs,^ one old ambrye,
a chest for bread, a locke and a kye.
The great chamber : one longe table, iij copbordes, one buffett fourme,
ij tressells, a locke and a kye.
The studie howse : one table, a paire of tressils, a fourme, a buffett
stoole, a locke and no kye.
The Clarke's chamber : iij copbordes, iij paires of trissilles . . * . .
ij bedstedes, ij furmes, a buffett stoole, ij lockes and ij kyes.
The . . "■■ . . one table, ij tresselles, one fourme, one allmose'
torne.
The kittchinge : one iron chymney, one beife lead, iij tables, iij paires
of tressels, one dressinge bord, a locke and no kye, ij tubbes, one
(sic) ..'■■.. a shelfe by the walle.
The litle howse within the kittchinge: one litle borde, a shelfe, a locke
and a kye.
The wete larder: a cesterne, iiij tubbs, a table, a longe plancke, a
furme, a locke and a kye.
The . . " . . a bedstead, a table, a furme, a locke and a kye.
The chamber the boyes lay in : iij bedsteades, an old chest, a fourme,
nevther locke nor kve.
' Duke 0/ Northumberland's MSS.
- Michael Thirkeld was one of the clerks of Earl Thomas's kitchen.
^ ' Buffet stool, a little portable seat without back or arms. Lincolnshire.' Bailey's Dictionary.
' ' Almutium, a oarment proper to canons, which they threw over their heads and garments behmd,
not unlike a monk's cowl, which is also called Almutium: Ibid. The part that covered the head was of
a square form ; this is the probable origin of the ' college cap.'
Vol. V.
Blank in MS.
66
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Item. Tlic chamber at the staire foote: a bcdsteade, a locke and no kye.
Item. The Dongion : a pad lockc and a kye, a stocke locke .ind no kye.
Item. Ro. Coole's chamber : a bedsteede, a furmc, a locke and a kye.
Item. Mr. Rookcsbie's chamber : a cnpbord in the wyndowe, iij shelves by
the walle, a locke and a kye, a bedsteed.
Item. Georjje Loinax's office: a bedstead, a furmc, a shelfe, a locke and
a kye.
Item. ..=•=.. chamber : a bedsteed, a copbord, ij tressels, neyther
locke nor kye.
Item. The stable next imder: a manger, a hecke, a locke and a kye.
Item. The Lord Kethe's' stable: a manger, a hecke, a locke and a kye.
Item. Tl e carter's stable : a bcdstede, a hecke, a manger, neyther locke nor
kye.
Item. The old hall : iij tables, one long furme.
Item. My ladye's stable : a hecke, a manger, a bedstead, a furme, a copbord,
ij toobbes for horse meete, x.xx staves, ij lockes and ij kyes.
Item. Cantrell's chamber : a bedstead, a furme, a locke and a kye.
Item. The fawconer's chamber: ij bedstedes, ij tressels, a furme, a locke
and a kye.
Item. A gest chamber in the Lyon tower: a bedstede, a locke and a kye.
Item. The hawkes mewe: a copbord, a furme, a locke and a kye.
Item. Thomas Ogle's" chamber : a bedsteed, ij copbordes, ij paire of
tressels, a furme, iiij shelves, ij lockes and ij kyes.
Item. Thomas Fitton's' chamber : a bedstede, a furme, a locke and a kye.
Item. My lord's wardrobbe: a bedsted, a presse, a brode bord, a furme, iij
tres3ells for clookes, a rail by the walle with a canvesse, a locke and
a kye.
Item. William Hopp's chamber : a bedstead, a furme. a locke and a kye.
Item. The store howse.
Item. The laundry : ij bedstedes, ij copbords, iij furmes, ij lockes and ij kyes.
Item. My Lord Keethe's chamber : a trus bed, a copbord. a locke and no kye.
Item. The wardrobbe for the howshold: ij bedsteedes, a copbord, a table,
ij paire of tressells, an olde presse, a lock and a kye.
Item. ..'•'.. chamber: a bedstede, a furme, a locke and a kye.
Item. Risse's chamber: a bedsteed, a copbord, a locke and no kye.
Item. Mr. Harryson's chamber : a bedsted, a furme, ij cupbordes, a buftett
stoole, a locke and a kye.
Item. Lampley's chamber : a bedstead, a cupbord, a forme, a locke and a kye.
Item. The gardnei-'s chamber: a shoovell, a bushell mett,* a keninge,' ij
peckes, ij lockes and ij kyes.
Item. The great stable : ij bedsteedes, a locke and no kye.
Item. The brewhowse : a bedsted, a copper panne, af (sic) maske tobb, a
gile tobb, a coole fatt,' iij emptie caskes.
Item. The backe howse : iij hordes, iij paire of tressels, ij troughes, a
furme, a brasse pot, a locke and a kye."
' Lord Keith had been taken prisoner by Sir Henry Percy in 15 58, and was kept in captivity notwith-
standing his readiness to pay any reasonable ransom. De Fonblanque, Anuals of the House of Percy, ii. p. 14.
- Thomas Ogle was Earl Thomas's 'particular receiver in Northumberland.'
^ Thomas Fitton became recei\'er general to the eighth earl. Annals of the House of Percy, ii. p. 582.
■"'Mett, an ancient Scixon measure, about a bushel.' Bailey. 'Met, mensura idem quod mesure.'
Promptorium Parvulorum. ' A kennin, half a bushel. " .Mash tub, gyle tub, and cooling vat.
' Puke of Northumberland's MSS. * Blank in MS.
warkworth castle. 67
This inventorv seems scanty enough in all conscience, but all that
remained at the time of the entry of Errington and his companions in 1574
was :
Imprimis Cupbords (not good) xiiij formes xiiij bedsteads xvj tables ix gayntreys vij chestes
ij presses ij trowghes ij tressils xij almeryes j lockes xj kyes with a seale fatte litlc worth ij leades for
seithinge of beyf an iron chimney.'
The deficiencies apparent after deducting what was taken to Leconfield for
Sir Henry Percy's use were ascribed to the depredations of Sir John Forster.
and Edward Craster, the late constable. Hugh Fynche, who was reinstated
in the charge of the castle, very truly said, ' the spoyle and waste of doores,
lockes, keves, and stankells" owt of windowes and all other places wher
env such were vs gret and marvellous.''
Stockdale, who surveyed Warkworth for the ninth earl of North-
umberland in 1586, merely says of the castle: 'The castle of Warkworth
is a very fair and beautifuU castle, scituate in the inner warde'' on the south
of the ryver of Cockett, ij myles west from the sea, environed in part with
the said rvver of Cockett, and in other parts with a dry moat.'
The reference to the castle in Camden's Britannia^ written that same
year, is equally curt.^
In 1587 the castle seems to have been occupied by William Wycliffe,
the earl's receiver-general. Wycliife paid lis. 'for glass and mending
the windows in the great chamber and in the parlour.' Stock-locks and
keys were purchased by him for the prison door, the great stable, the dark
stable, and the cellar door, and keys for his servant's chamber, the ' worke-
house,' the garner, the ' cole house, the valte house, and the mylke house. '^
Ten years later, Thomas Percy, afterwards one of the conspirators in
the Gunpowder Plot, is said to have ' kept William Sisterson of Prudhoe
(for the stealing of two cheeses) in prison in Warkworth castle, until he
was almost famished, and to have compounded with him for twenty marks."
Information was again laid in 1602 that 'there was a bell carryed out of
Warkworth castle and sold by Sir John Ladyman," Mr. Percye's deputie,
to a Scottishman for £\o, and a token sent by Mr. Percy e to one Henrye
Finch to carrye the bell to the Scottishman's ship at Almouth.''
' Duki ofNorthumhaiamrs MSS. " .Stanchions. ' Duke ofNorthumbeftamVs MSS. * i.e., Morpeth ward.
* 'ad ipsum ostium (Coquet fluvii) Warkworth perciorum castrum non inelegans locum habet, et littus
tuetur.' Camden, Bi';7(i«;n((, 1590, p. 655. ' Duke of NoytltiimberUind's MSS. ' Ann. uf the Houce
uf Percy, ii. p. 592. ' John Ladyman was the vicar of Warkworth. See below, p. 185
° Ann. of the House uf Percy, ii. p. 591.
68 WARKWOKTH PARISH.
The earl was coiiuiiitted to the Tower after the seizure of (iuv I'^awkes,
in conscqiu'iice of his connection with Thomas Percv. About a inontii
before his trial in the Star Chamber he granted, 6th of June, 1606, to Sir
Ralph Grav of C'hillinghani, a lease of 'the manor-house or castle called
Warkworth castle, with the gardens, orchards, park and west demaines.'
Sir Ralph was to receive the accustomed services of the tenants of the
manor ; the bailiff or steward was to assign the necessarv timber and stone
for repairs, and twenty wain-loads of the underwood and windfalls in Ack-
lington park to be used on the premises. The term was for twentv-one
years, beginning immediately, and the yearly rents of ;^"20 for the castle and
park and ^^"25 for the west demesnes were to be paid at Michaelmas and
Lady day. Gray was to survey the deer in Warkworth park with the bailiff
before Midsummer and to cause the number and kinds to be endorsed on
his indenture, and at the end of the term was to leave similar deer. A
memorandum provided that if it should ' happen the earle to goe into the
countye of Northumberland there to abyde' he might 'from tyme to tyme
and at all tymes duringe his abode there' resume possession of the castle and
premises; a further clause gave him liberty to build wherever he liked of his
will and pleasure.'
The earl was fined / 30,000, and the Crown seized his property in
Northumberland bv way of security. The baronv and manor of Warkworth,
with appurtenances to the clear yearly value of ;^58, was let by James I. to
Ralph Ashton.'- On the 3rd of March, 1608, Whitehead wrote to the earl :
I have bestowed soome fewe daycs at Warkewoorthe, wher I find your castle very yll used, for all the
lodginges save the dungeon ar clearly ruinated, and very much of the timber lately taken awaye, the
yron stanchells of the windov.es stolen, and all the doores taken doune, and the iron bandes stolen of
them, much of the leade spoyled, and lykely all to be gone of an ould ruinated roome yf your lordship
send me not downe a warrante to receave all that broken leade and other utensils Into my'custody for your
lordship's use ther to be kepte, for I protest it is great pitye soe small regard haythe bene had of soe
honorable a place as to suffer it to coome to such ruyne : lykewise, ther is soe much spoyle of the pale
about the parke as x'' vvorthe in woode (as my deputy enformeth me) will not bringe it in sufficient
repaire ; and all this spoyle, as he saieth, is happened this last yeare. This is all for the presente, for I
have had no tyme sufficient to tell the woodes neyther ther nor Acklintone, which presently I will in
handes withall, and soe send your honour a true certificate.
I finde it very necessary for the better furtherance of your lordship's service ther for me to bestowe
some parte of the yeare to lye ther soe I may doe it with your lordship's licence ; and to that intent have
I taken an house at Warkworthe, for I finde there a very subtile people and redy to doe your lordship
wronge, for in those fewe dayes I did lye ther I have sifted out a felony which was closely pact and
smothered, yea even by him I put in trust in your lordship's service ; wherby I have noe doute to get your
lordship a forfeyture of a tenement in Birline, one of the best tounes in all that barony, which otherwise
'Duke of NorthumberhiiuVs MSS. 'Annals of the House of Percy, ii. pp. 6i6, 617.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 6q
had bene daubed upe ; but at our next courte it shalbe founde, and then shall I seaze the farm to your
lordship's use ; which beinge found in your lordship's handes I doe humbly pray that your lordship will let
me have it by lease, payinge as much as any man ; otherwayes I doe not desire to have it, but to the best
advantadge of your lordship.
Yf I doe lye ther sometymes I am never a whitt further of from doinge your lordship service at my
chardge at Tynemouth, for it is but thre houres rydinge betwixt the two castles, soe as I humbly pray
your lordship's directione hearein ; for I may doe your lordship very profitable service in lyinge
soometyme at Warkeworthe.
Ther is a determination in soome, as I am enformed, to move your lordship for a leasse for Warke-
worthe milnes and fishinges and to have them at a lowe rate. When that suyte is set a foote your
lordship may be pleased to remember that wher they give but xxx/j yearely nowe, I myself will make your
lordship an hundred markes yearly rent for them ; hearby your lordship may knowe whether the preferrer
of this suyte intend your lordship protite or no. '
On the 24th of June the earl instructed Whitehead ' to take down the
lead that lieth upon the ruinous towers and places of Warkworth, to weigh
it and lay it up, and to certify his lordship of the quantity thereof, that the
places were lead is taken off be covered again for the preservation of the
timber.' Whitehead's reply is dated the i6th of July :
Accordinge to your lordship's warrante I have taken a precise vewe of the decayed leades and tymber
in Warkeworthe castle : and find all the lower places and lodgeings, ther leades much decayed and in many
places quite stolen awaye and the tymber much of it rotten, and soe will all the rest within shorte tyme
be yf it be not taken downe, for your castle I finde to lye as a waste, and as a commone foulde to laye
cattle in, one the night, the gates standinge open night and daye for as your leade lyes free for all men to
take. This I knowe S'' Raphe Gray will deny, but owe my faythe it is most true, I have good proofe
heareof.
Ther is as much leade and tymber one the lower roomes which ar nowe for no purpose to your
lordship, but in two or thre yeares wilbe stolen and decayed, as I dare saye will give your lordship foure
hundrede pounde at the leaste, and the taken it doune will doe the walles no harme at all, and your
principall place called the dungeon not touched, for thesee be but the houses one the west syde of the
castle. The leades of the dungeon wante soome helpe, els it will decaye, which were great pitye, a small
mater will mend the leades. I think x" will make it very sufficient.
Thoughe I had your lordship's warrant to take the decayed leades of, yet findinge such a quantity as
will yelde you soe good a reckoninge I thought it fitt to make stay therof till I doe receave your lordship's
further directione therin, for knoweinge your lordship is purposed to make present money I houlde it best
to make money of what dothe dayly decay and best may be spared, for leade is nowe at a great rate, and
lykewise your tymber will give a good dealc of money beinge taken tymely befor it begine to rott, and I
thinke I speake of a good deale lesse money then it will yeelde, and more I dare saye yf your lordship
leave it to S' Ra. Gray, his ' gouerment,' yf he tak no better a course then he nowe dothe within very fewe
yeares it wilbe woorthe just nothinge."
Thomas Fotherley, who had brought down Northumberland's warrant
for the sale of the lead oft" ' the lower rooms ' of the castle, wrote to the earl
from Newcastle on the 21st of September :
After my coming to Alnewick I rode to Warkeworth to see the castle then', \\ here I finde that parte of
the house that was used for the dwelling house in greate decay, the hall cleane downe, and nothing^ lefte
but walles ; the kichen, greate chamber, chappell, and some other roomes very ruinous, the roofes whereof
' Duke of Norihnmhcrland's MSS. " Ibid.
70 WARKWORTH PARISH.
will fall itowne in shorte time, for the timber is rotten, and to rcpaicr ihcni will costc as nuicli as to build
newe. The lead uppon them 1 caused to be measured, which wilbe about rive and thirty fothers, which
will yeald, as lead is nowe sould, very neere five hundred poundes, and the timber will make some money
if it be sould in time ; therefore, if your Ip. be so pleased, I thinck it best, when the lead is sould, to sell
the timber also as it licth, for it will give more money so, then to take it downe and sell it, when the buier
may precisely looke one every peece. Wee are in hope to make sale of the lead presently, and at a good
rate, for lead at Newcastell is worth xx'-' markes a fother. That parte of the castle which is the nowe
dwelling house, and called the dungeon, is in very good repaier, and so may be kept with a litle chardge.'
A great storm in the middle of January, 1609, did ' no great liarme to
the castle : onlv a little leade blowen oftV ' Whitehead found that when he
came to sell the lead, no one would give more than ten guineas the fother for
it unsmelted, which was above £\2 the fother smelted. A Newcastle plumber
named George Walles was the first ' that did bid that soome.' Mr. Randall
Fenwicke offered the same price on behalf of Lord William Howard, and
Lord Dunbar also wished to have it. They were all willing to take it at
Warkworth without incurring anv charges/ The matter hung fire. On
June 2 1st, Whitehead wrote again :
. . . Upon .Alunday which shalbe the 26th of this instant (God willinge) I will fall a work with
takinge of your decayed leades of Warkeworthe but we cannot stay longe for the yeare
spendes and the next moneth passinge we shall hardly get shipeinge to coome to this wild roade steade
at Coket Ilajide . . .
Whitehead was engaged with Robert Delavale and William Ourde
in seeing the lead taken off" the castle on Thursday, the 6th of July.
'The posterne tower, the kitchine, the haye house, the little stayre-case
tower, the ouid hall, ICnockfargus tower ' were already uncovered, when
at four o'clock in the afternoon a letter from the earl 'came to the sight
to dischardge' them. This lead was found to weigh on the 27th and 28th
of the month 15 tons 15 cwt., being 21 cwt. to the fother. The timber
of these buildings was still, the most of it, in great decav and rotten.
'The names of the places that remayne as yet untaken downe, both lead and
timber therof in decay,' were :
The chapell. The south gatehouse. A parcell of decay'd tymber in the ould hall wch was left untaken
downe in S' Jo. Foster's tyme, and now soe ruinated as no man dare hasard to take it downe till it be
proped, wherof ther is soome lead.
The south east tower in icasonable repayre.
The prisone called the Gray Mare's Tayle in ruyne : Ijeing a very small tower.
The great dungeon beingc the principall place of the caslle is in soome decay in the leades w>^'' must
be presently repayred, least it in shorte tyme fall to greater ruyne. The workman's opinione is a fother of
leade will doe no more than repaire it.'
' Buke of Northumberland's MSS.
■ Letter of George Whitehead to the earl of Northumberland. 17th January, 1608/9.
' Letter of the same to the same. 20th January, i6oS/g. ' Duke of NorthumberlumVs MSS.
WARK WORTH CASTLE. 7 1
The earl's letter gave a very short respite to the castle roofs :
A note of the Icadc taken of the castell of Warckwoorth in August and Septemljcr, 1609, viz., in
Webbes of leade weighed, viij fother cc lb. j qr"'.
And brochen webbes smelted into pigges \ •■■ ■ „v ^- . ^ ■ r .1
^ "" ( xxxuj pigges \v<:n wee estmiate to nj fothei-.
being not weighed, to the nomber of'
Tim. Elks. Geo. Whitheid. Will. Ourde.
The freight of the shipe for the waynscott and the leade is 50//.
Ther is more delivered of lead W^h was weighed for Tynemouth and Wodhorne chancells,
i^dli and 8o/i. '
Timothy Elkes wrote to the earl from Warkworth, on the 8th of
September : ' With much trouble and no such charges, the buysines of the
leade and waynscote is dispatched. But if yr. Ippe. sell the leade there
w'''' shoulde have been solde here, the profitte therof will well pay for all.'^
In 1610 the old timber of the buildings in the outer court was sold for £28.^
The annual fees of the officers were continued all the same ; the constable
still received in 161 7 £10, the porter ;^3, and the park keeper ;/^2> o^. 8d.^
In the course of his iournevs to Scotland in Mav, 161 7, James I. came
close bv Warkworth castle and did ' verie much gaze upon it, onely said
when he came to the tower wher the Ivone is pictured one the wall :
This lyone houldes upe this castk.''^ Whitehead further told the earl :
Most of the lordes went into the castle and stayed ther above an houre, wher they foitnd nothinge
but goates and sheepe in everie chamber almost in the dungeon, wher they lye everie night. The lordes
were much moved to se it soe spoyled and soe badly kept. In soe much that they asked, who was yo'
loP- officer ther. They told them one Whithead. in soe much as they said it was great pitie, but I should
be punished in sufferinge such spoyle in the pale of the parke and abuse in kepinge the castle, but S'
Henry Withrington tolde them, yo' lo. had lett it by lease to pleasure S' Raphe Gray, upon a condicione
he should lye in it, and from tyme to tyme repaire the parke ; soe ther anger ceased against me, but they
seamed to greve at the waste of it, everie one of them commendinge it for the best sight that ever they had
sene.
Ther were in the castle of lordes : the earl of Arundale, the earle of Rutland, my lorde Walden, my
lorde Compton, with many other knightes and gentlemen, which they knewe not. Thomas Lewen tolde
me that my lorde Walden swore that presently upon his leturne he would coome and tell your lo. of the
spoyle of the castle and parke."
Naturally on hearing of the pitiful plight of his ancestral house,
Northumberland despatched a letter to Sir Ralph Gray requesting him to
give up the castle which he had never occupied :
S' Raphe Gray, I am informed by some of my good freindes "ho have beene at Warkworth castle in
their passage to Scottland of the evill estate that house is in, and so beastlie handled that it greeved some
who perhappes are not to me in the kindest manner in other thinges. When yow desired that house of
me, your promise was to li\e their and to keepe it in some order, but since that time yow never did so
much as make a tier in it. I will not intreate yow to leave your owne dwelling to amend mine, for
' Duke of NorthunilierldniVi MSS. "- Ibid. " Bishop Percy's MSS. : Border Holds, i. p. 419.
' Book of Offices, 1617 ; Abucick MSS, » Duke of Northumberland's MSS. « Ibid.
72 WARKWORTH PARISH.
that were unreasonable; I desier but the castle to be rctorncd into mine owen that I may not see it goe
to ruine. I hope yow will not denic me this curtesic, nor wislie me so much harme for my jjood intent
towardes yow. Lett me have yo' aunswere, I praic yow, that I may knowc howe to carrie my self either
kindlic to yow or ec[uitably unkindlie. I shall neede to say no more for this but that I will rest, yo'
assured frcind,' H.
This \v"' of June, iTuy.
This missive was personally (Ulivcrcd to Sir Ralph at Chillinoham by
Captain Whitehead's brother Henry, who, living as he did at Bonlmer, was
better able to look after Warkworth than George could do from North Shields.
After Grav had ' perused it over ' the envoy demanded his answer, which was
that when he came to the assizes to Newcastle he would there speak with
Whitehead and Fotherley and then give satisfaction to the earl bv writing.
In the meantime his verbal answer was that he hoped Northumberland
would not take it unkindly that he kept the castle for the term of his lease,
as he would be sorrv that the world should see such division betwixt them.
He would be glad if the earl had either Warkworth or any other house that
he held at his pleasure if it were for himself or Lord Percy or any of quality
belonging him, but rather than deliver it to some meaner persons he thought
the earl would prefer to continue his lease. Henry Whitehead insisted that
the earl was determined to repair his own castle, and that it was very fit that
he should have the disposing of it considering the decay it was in and the
likelihood of its falling to utter ruin and becoming in a short time a heap of
stones."
Sir Ralph proceeded to Warkworth about Lammas, and for the first
time had the kevs of 'the heigh castell or doungion ' of Thomas Lewine, to
whom thev had been entrusted bv the earl's officers. He delayed writing to
Northumberland till the 2ist of January, i6iS. He then pointed out that as
' for the lower howses ' of the castle, the lead and timber had been sold by
the earl's directions. The slates had also been taken off, ' the one howse,
remaninge of small accompt and none ells.' This, as he was informed, had
been ' in auncient tvme a slaughter howsse,' and he caused it to be covered
at his own charge. Moreover, ' the base courte had a gayt which was pulled
downe.' ' For the better saftve bothe of the gayt and stonnes within the
same,' he ' did buyld it upp againe, yet afterwards was pulled doune,
and the stonnes a good nomber brought out,' and he hints that the earl's
officers ' did thvr pleasures with them as cannot be denyed.' He was quite
readv to give up the castle if it was really for the earl's own use, or for his
• Endorsed 'A letter to S' Raphe Gray concerning the castle at Warkeworthe.' Duke of Northum-
bcrlamfs MSS. ■ Ibid.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 73
servants, or, as it was alleged, for keeping oats in, but he protested that he
would rather make a journey to the earl himself than resign it to others,
who, as he dared say, sought their own profit more than their lord's.
Finally, in November, in consideration of a new lease of the demesnes. Grey
delivered up ' the howse of Warkworthe castell ' to Fotherley, the earl's
servant, 'at the sight and vewe of Mr. Johne Crawster and Sir Matthew
Forster' to whom Northumberland had written, 'in suche sort as he
resaved the same.' He assured the earl that there could not be either for
stone or timber within the house nor for hedges and woods in the park, ' no
not so much as the valewe of a horse wand,' that he or any of his could be
charged with, so respectfully had he always carried himself so as not to give
any distrust of the least offence towards the earl.^
On resuming possession of his castle Northumberland did, in fact, order
Whitehead to give Thomas Lewvn his choice of such rooms as were fitting
' for laieng in of his oates.' Lewyn chose ' the hall roome onely.' This was
likelv to prove ' verie inconvenient unto those who had the custodie of the
roomes above the staiers,' as also for the holding of the courts which were
twice in the vear kept 'in the roome next adjoyning unto the hall.' Accord-
ingly by the earl's directions Robert Delavale and Thomas Fotherley
viewed the castle in April, 1620, and found that 'the roomes belowe the
staiers formerly used for sellars ' were 'the most convenientest for the laieing
of oates.' These might be made fit for the purpose with the charge of £^, at
the most, his lordship allowing wood for boards for the floors. "
'The manor house or castle called Warkworth castle,' with the
buildings, orchards, and parks, late in the tenure of Sir Ralph Grey,
deceased, were let, on the loth of June, 1622, to Sir Francis Brandlyng of
Little Houghton, for twenty-one years, at the yearly rent of £2>o. ' Hedge
boote and stakefoote ' were to be assigned by the bailiflf. Sir Francis was to
grind all his grain at the earl's mills. There was a proviso for re-entry by
giving a year's notice.^ Sir Francis died in 1641 ; in the wars of the Great
Rebellion the fifth earl of Northumberland and the Brandlings took opposite
sides. The castle appears to have surrendered to the Scots in January, 1644.^
One Bemerton was governor at the time ; his Scottish successor sarcasticallv
' Duke 0/ Northiimbuiand's MSS. - Ibiii. ^ Ibid.
■• It seems very possible that there is a confusion in the London news-letter, and that the castle with
a garrison of seventy soldiers, seven pieces of brass ordnance, and a year's provisions, which capitulated
at the first shot, was not Coquet Island, but Warkworth,
\'0L. V. lO
74 WARKWORTH PARISH.
told him that 'if he had fought as well as he danced, it had iK)t been taken.' ^
Sir Francis's second son, Ralph, fell fighting for King Charles on Marston
Moor in the following Julv; possiblv he was the 'Sir Ralph Brandling,'
whose ' housekeeper at Warkworth castle ' seems to have been remembered
bv her grandson, John Davidson of Warkworth Barns, who died at the age
of 73 in 1734.'
At the end of Februarv, 1645, the general (Leslie apparcntlv) 'gave
commaund for the deliverv of "Warkworth castle.' As Sir John Fenwick,
who seems to have been titular constable, was too unwell to receive it on
the earl's behalf, he wrote to Whitehead to attend for that purpose. The
general desired that the governor's wife might for her accommodation have
some time — Whitehead thought about ten days — to remove the things she
had there, and that the soldiers might have provision out of their quarters
till he could otherwise dispose of them on his return from Scotland. The
Scottish governor 'left bare walls' on evacuating Warkworth in the middle
of March ; he took a house in Newcastle for his wife. Sir John Fenwick
placed Captain Whitehead in the castle 'for the present.' Whitehead wished
to become farmer of both it and the demesnes ; till times were settled he
undertook to manage them for the earl's best advantage. But the Scot in
relinquishing the ' bare walls ' stuck to the demesnes, and in November was
still continuing to receive the rents of the parts that were let. His soldiers
extended their quarters at least twentv miles, and the contributions they
extorted were so heavv that there was no hope of any rents for the earl while
thev remained. While Hugh Potter (member of parliament for Plvmpton
Earl, who had been allowed to absent himself from the house 'by lycense of
the committee for safetv of the kingdome ' in regard, as he thought, of his
attendance upon the earl's affairs) was there thev issued 'warraunts for huge
proporcions of provisions of all sortes.' The Scots soon afterwards gave out
thev would satisfy the earl : Potter thought it not amiss to ' test them ' by
Whitehead, who was ' familliarlv knowne unto them.' The answer does not
seem to have been better than Potter expected. At last, on the 3rd of
September, 1646, the earl was so thoroughly reinstated that he was able to let
the castle and the lands held bv vSir Francis Brandling to 'George Whitehead
of Boulmer' at the enhanced rent of /"So. The other terms were nearlv the
same ; Whitehead bound himself to plant vearlv ten plants of oak, ash, or elm.^
' Bishop Peiry's MSS. : Border Holds, i. p. 41 8. '- Ibid. " Duke 0/ Northumberland's MSS.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 75
Cromwell appears to have placed a garrison in Warkworth castle in
1648. When the time came for its withdrawal the committee charged with
the general management of affairs in Northumberland in the parliamentary
interest gave orders to sleight such works as the soldiers themselves had
made, and ' to take awaie all doores to be kept in safetv, for preventing a
suddaine houlding bv any second takeing, but for walls, iron, or other
materialls they were not to meddle with.'' Instead of this, the garrison
on quitting the castle proceeded to demolish it as far as lay in their power. .
The earl of Northumberland obtained from the lord general an order for
a view of the castle, and a certificate as to the authors of 'the demolishing,'
and the amount of damage done. William Fenwicke ' prest hard ' in
the committee in the spring of 1649 for a prosecution of this order, but no
decision was arrived at, only Henry Ogle said : ' Good reason that governor,
John Pve, should stand charged with all dammages, in that he exceaded his
commission, haveing noe other order than to take away dores and slight
their owne made workes.'"
The castle was included, with the park and west demesnes, in a lease
of twentv-one years granted by Jocelyn, the eleventh and last earl of
Northumberland of the house of Louvain, to Ralph Milbourne of Newcastle
on the 3rd of December, 1668, for a fine of /"80 and the yearly rent of ;^ioo.'
The final ruin of the stronghold was caused by the gift of the materials made
by Earl Jocelvn's widow' to John Clarke, one of the auditors of the estates,
in 1672. The doom of the donjon was sealed bv the following letter :
William Milbourne, being to take downe the materials of Warkworth castle, which are given to me
by the countess of Northumberland to build a house at Cherton, I doe desire you to speak to all her
ladishipp's tenants in Warkeworth, liirlinge, Buston, Acklington, Shilbottle, Lesbury, Longhauton, and
Bilton that they will assist me with their draughts, as soone as conveniently they can, to remove the lead
and tymber which shall be taken downe, and such other materialls as shall be fitt to be removed, and
bringe it to Cherton, which will be an obligation to these and your friend. Jo. Clark.
In regard they are like to be out three days ere they get home, I shall be content to allowe everye
wayne half a crowne, and let me know who refuse to doe me .... they ....
To my lovinge friend, William Milbourne, at his house at Birlinge.^
The laciiu.v of the postscript contained, no doubt, very forcible e.xpres-
sions ; a long cavalcade composed of 272 wains conveyed the spoil of
Warkworth to Chirton."
' Sec vol. ii. of this work, p. 137. - Ihid. p. 139. •' Ihid.
' Jocelyn, earl of Northumberland, left the custody of all his lands to his wife, Elizabeth Wriothesley,
during her widowhood, and, after her death or marriage, to his mother. The young and beautiful widow-
did marry again in the autumn of 1673. Anwils of tlic House uf Percy, ii. pp. 490, 642.
' Grose, Antiquities, iv. p. 157. '' Bishop Percy's MSS.; Border Holds, p. 418 n.
76 WARKWORTH PARISH.
If the donjon had been spared from the insouciance of the countess
and the greed of her auditor for another ten years, its roofs and floors
would probably have been preserved intact. The proud duke of Somerset
who married the heiress of the Louvain Percies in 1682 was fully capable
of appreciating the majestic grandeur of the pile. During his dignified
retirement from the Dutch king's court, he even dreamt of making it his
home. The castle was excepted from the lease of the park and west
demesnes granted to Robert Davison of Warkwortli in 1692.' In 1698
John Carter was instructed to prepare an estimate of the repairs necessary
to make the castle ' fit for the duke's habitation':
Mr. Thornton, pray doe me the favour to give my most humble favors to my lord duke and give
his grace the draughts of the tower of Warkworth : one showes the valts with the true dementions of
the rooms, the passages out of one rome into another staircase into the ground story, and lantorn, the
other gives an accompt of the rooms in the ground story, which I find to be veiy large, especially the hall,
which I find to be larger than any rome att Alnewick castle, and requires larger timber than any can be
got there, the walls of the tower are all very good, except one place where there has been a door
formerly, will want some mending. Their is not a good window nor doorway except in the valts, but
must be made new or altered, the stairs require to be made all new, their is no battlements, which would
be a great ornament if there were, their may be made in the valts a very good kitchen, a larder and cellar,
and a dineing room for sarvants on the west side and north side, one the south side, a long valt att the
coming in, which answers to the main staircase, in the south cant," their will he three valts vacant to
the est side of the tower, the valts are betwixt ii and 12 foot, but may be made deeper, the second story
of the hall is 41 foot 5 inc. long, 25 foot 6 in. wide, 26 foot hie, which will make a very noble dining rome,
the next rome to the hall is a very pleasant rome ihey'call the chappie, there is 5 other rooms in that story
will make very good lodging romes over them five romes, and over the chappie and staircase may be made
seven lodging romes more, their is in my opinion att the southest corner of the castle yard a convenient
place for a stable where there is a little turret that will serve for a lodging rome or two, and a wall
on one side and one end so that the charg will be less their than in any other place, except his
grace make the stable in the valts on the est side of y' tower. The dementions of the out towers and
decayed buildings att Alnewick are as followeth, the roof of the tower att the enterance of the castle is 49
foot long, 19 foot wide, the roof of y' tower over the middle want 48 foot long, 17 foot wide ; the west
grainery is 50 foot long, 16 foot wide ; the decayed buildings belonging to that grainery is 20 foot long,
16 foot wide, this makes 26 square and 66 foot of the roofs at .A.lnewick, which w'M not be a third part of
the noble tower of Warkworth's roof The roof of Warkworth tower is 82 square, and if it were to be made
of new timber and covered with new lead, and make all the floors and lay them with good bords,
make all y" doors, do the glassing and smith's work for all, build a new stable, make the chimnies,
make the staires, windows, door casses, paive the valts, raise the battlements round the tower, and
finish all substantially, the computation of all the charge to find all new, will amount to about sixteen
hundred pounc's, but if my lord duke docs bring timber and lead from Alnwick to compleat the roof att
■Warkworth and some timber for the floors, the charge may be les by six or seven hundred pounds. This
being all at present with submission to better judgments, I remain your humble sarvant to comand,
From Haslemere, Janu. the 13th, 1698. John C.A.RTER.
The court and castle yard att Warkworth is 268 foot long and 202 foot wide. I have y" dimensions of
some other rooms att Alnwicke which are not set down here. >M' Locke gives his humble service to my
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
• Cant = angle. ' Cuiil, an angle greater than a right angle.' Heslop, North umhcrLvid Words.
WARKWORTIi CASTLE!
CROVND PLAN
SCALt Of FtET
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 11
lord duke, and says if his grace designs to go forward with the building att Warkworth it would be
convenient to resolve to begin early at the spring before workmen are promised into other bussmess, but I
think there is not a workman their that is capable to go forward with that bussiness without du-ections.'
Either the duke of Somerset's good taste and good sense or his return
to public life caused the project to be abandoned, but this preference of
Warkworth to Alnwick has remained a constant tradition in Northumberland.
Exactly a hundred years after the unroofing of the donjon, the ruined
castle excited the rapturous admiration of Francis Grose :
Nothing can be more magnificent and picturesque, from what part soever it is viewed ; and thoutgh
when entire it was far from being destitute of strength, yet its appearance does not excite the idea of
one of those rugged fortresses destined solely for war, whose gloomy towers suggest to the imagination
only dungeons, chains, and executions, but rather of such an hospitable mansion as is alluded to by
Milton :
' Where throngs of knights and barons bold,
In weeds of peace high triumphs hold ' ;
or is described in our old romances, where, in the days of chivalry, the wandering knight or distressed
princess found honourable reception and entertainment, the holy palmer repose for his wearied limbs,
and the poor and helpless their daily bread."
To Grose belongs the credit of having been the first to write the history
of Warkworth castle from authentic accounts, and to endeavour to unravel
its architecture by reference to the old surveys, and elucidate it by regular
plans. His information is not always correct, his rough plans have had
little pretension to accuracy, but for the time in which he lived his work
was done in a most masterlv fashion.
Warkworth is almost surrounded by the Coquet, and the mound on
which the donjon of the castle now stands seems to have been raised on the
narrowest part of the peninsula, in order to protect the town from the higher
table-land stretching awav to the south. A base-court was added on the
level ground south of the mound ; and, as the demesne land lay in that
direction, the great gatewav of the castle was placed in the side of the curtain-
wall furthest from the town. It thus happens that very few of those wishing
to see and study the castle enter it, as they should, at any rate for the first
time, by the great gatehouse. Nearly all cross the old bridge over the
Coquet, pass under the little tower at the south end of it, and proceed
straight up the quaint steep street of the ancient borough. At the head of
this street the marvellous donjon, with a huge lion rampant carved on the upper
story of its northernmost face, rises nobly in front of them. As King James
' DuU of NorthumbcrLiinPs MSS. ' Grose, Aiitiqititlcs, iv. p. 152.
78
WARKWORTH PARISH.
said, when he ' vcrv much gazed' on it in 1617, 'This l\onr honldt's iipc this
castle.'' Willi an exaggerated bushy tail, and legs furnished with scales
rather than hair, it stands on the head of a diminutive full-face demi-lion
corbelled out. It is protected from the weather by a water-tabling and
two side-shafts that rest on small winged demi-lions. Notwithstanding the
very exposed situation, all this elaborate carving, except the central ornament
of the water-table, looks remarkably fresh."
Warkworth Castle, from the North-west.
Roughly speaking, the ground-plan of the donjon is a square, with a
semi-octagon applied to its south side, and smaller squares to the centre of
its other sides. The outer angles of all the squares die away, buttress-fashion,
into sides of octagons. On the third story of these, and of the angles of the
' See above, p. 71.
- This well-preserved lion rampnnt at Warkuorth contrasts stronj^ly uith the almost obliterated one
on the Bond-gate at .-Xlnwick, which was carved by the abbey mason there in 1450 (see Bonier Holds, i.
p. 21 n.). That procMred from Hulne priory and set over the outer j;ate of the barbican of .-Xlnwick castle
in 14S8 was also so worn that it had to be replaced in modern times. From the construction of the
mason work, Mr. Reavcll is of the opmion that this lion panel is an insertion. Sonietliing, however,
must be allowed for the possibihty that it was not carved on the spot and so not adapted to being bonded
with the courses of plain ashlar.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
79
;fe-i^^T-i«-^
southern semi-octagon, are remains of the figures of angels covered with
plumage,' formerly fourteen in number, holding shields which, if not originally
blank, have now become so. The battlements of the donjon, as may be
seen at the south-east angle, were of considerable
heieht, and in the centre of the chief faces of the
whole pile and of the canted angles of the mr.in
square, they project curiously in small triangles,
probably merely for the purpose of improving the
skv-line.'
On the west side of the donjon, near the north-
west angle, is a postern door, a close examination
of which suggests that, at any rate, the basement of
the building may have
been at some time re-
faced. Indeed, the general
ground-plan of the don-
jon is one that might be
looked for rather in the
thirteenth than in the
fifteenth centurv, though,
with the exception just mentioned, all its archi-
tectural features belong to the latter.-' That the
mound was occupied bv masonrv at the verv
beginning of the thirteenth century seems proved
bv the splendid pair of buttresses of that date
which, on the east and west sides, strengthened the
curtain-wall as it rose to a great height in order
to climb the mound. The upper portion of the
^-f
Postern Gate.
BUTTKESS OF WEST CURTAtN.
wall nearest the donjon is of late masonry, posterior -■^p^i^'^'^,
to the Bucks' view of the castle in 1728 ; the lower
appears to be ' the stone wall on the north side of
the castle' that was rebuilt from the foundations in about 15 19 under the
supervision of the master masons of the towns of Berwick and Hexham.''
' .Angels were often represented in the Middle Ages with feathers in lieu of raiment. Good examples
of this treatment may be seen in the fine Perpendicular roof of the church of South Creake in Norfolk.
■ Triangular bartizans of this kind are seldom met wMth. There is another instance of them over the
gateway of'Spynie castle, near Elgin, built circa 1406. Macgibbon and Ross, distelUital Architecture of
Scntlan'd, i. p. 444. » The doniou of Trim castle on the Boyne is said to resemble that of Warkworlh
in its ground-plan. It is attributed to about the year 1200. ' See above, p. 53.
So WARKWORTH PARISH.
Beyond the western of these buttresses the postern gate of the castle
opens from the base-court on to the precipitous bank above the Coquet.
The massive arch of this postern is but slightly pointed, and is vaulted
internally with mere rubble. A plain chamfered string-course runs through
it below the springing. The door, as was often the case in earlv buildings,
opened outwards.' At the inner end of the archway, originally 8 feet
deep, was a portcullis, the groove not extending below the string-course.
The ground-level of the postern has been lowered 15 inches, materiallv
altering its proportion. Both buttress and postern seem to have been the
work of Robert iitz Roger, circa 1200. The curtain-wall between them
originally terminated in a turret containing a newel-stair, of which two slits
remain, leading to the walk. At a subsequent period an addition of 6 feet
was made to the postern on the east side. In the battlement of this turret a
long cross-loop has lost all except the lower limb, a shorter cross-loop
having been inserted in it. The west face of the Postern tower retains the
windows of the two floors, and a range of battlement with two crenelles.
Withstanding the temptation of entering the courtyard of the castle by
the postern, we proceed along the external face of the western curtain.
High up on either side of a verv obtuse angle of the wall are the two
wmdows of the kitchen ; the arches of two large drains appear below." The
masonrv is similar to that of the upper floors of the Postern tower ; the high
base has two set-offs. Beyond the kitchen, to the south, is a piece of
irregular walling, weather-worn, battered, and bulged. The upper portion
seems original, the lower has been repaired, a fragment of a Decorated
window having been built up in the filling. The base now rises 4 feet or
so, and the wall above it disappears altogether for about 18 feet. This
gap, which marks the probable site of the pantrv, mav possiblv have been
caused bv the fall of a tower, but a trench cut along the bank-side disclosed
nothing but a large drain. A semi-circular tower is clearly shown at this spot
in a drawing bv Grimm in 1786.' The low pitch of the buttery roof is given
at the south end of the gap, on the remains of the higher north wall of the
great hall. The four stone spouts that carried off the water from the roof of
' This was the old Roman fashion of opening the outer door of the house. The seal of William
Moraunt, a Kentish landowner in 1272. represents his manor house with tlie door opening outwards, and
the same may be observed in the early fourteenth-cen-tury illuminations of the romances of the San Graal
and the Round Tabu- (B.M. Add. MSS. 10292, 10294). Thomas Wright, Homes of Other Days, pp. 143-6.
The outer door of the old manor house of Holinside on the Derwent is another instance of the practice in
the north. ■ This drain has been found to extend into the outer court of the kitchen. See below, p. 89.
' B.M. Add. MSS. 15543, fol. 86; Border Holds, i. p. i65.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 8 I
the hall are next seen in progressive states of preservation. Above the last
of them, one of the great crenelles of the battlement has been left, filled up
with inferior masonry. A little further south the high base ceases, and a
disturbance occurs in the masonry of the curtain-wall, probablv owing to a
slight change of direction, and the insertion of a large single-light window,
much worn away, to the north-west corner of the great chamber. On the
western face of the head of this window, but almost covered with masonry,
is a circular panel carved in relief to resemble a rose. Bevond this again
the masonry is of a more archaic tvpe, and the wall becomes much thicker.
Here, on the first floor, was the great chamber ; but the building must have
partaken much of the character of an early keep. A slit with the mouth of
a spout in it is half-way up the mural stair which led from the hall to
where a little window, now boarded up, lit the entrance of the great
chamber. Abo\-e the line of this stair is a large round-headed arch, similar
to one in the north curtain of Mitford castle, which contained the stone
frame of the west window of the great chamber. It is now built up with
decaved stone and mortar containing pieces of red brick. Judging from a
row of four small spout-holes, the roof of this chamber was originallv higher
than that of the hall, but was subsetjuentlv lowered into the same pitch,
when one large spout was substituted. Just before reaching the tower at the
south-west angle of the castle is a small, and once stronglv barred, window,
inserted in very late, probablv Tudor times, in order to admit a rav of
western light into the basement below the great chamber.
The south-west tower of the castle is that called Cradvfargus by
Clarkson in 1567.' He describes it as 'round of divers squares,' meaning
that its round general outline was formed bv several straight lines. The
west side of this tower has fallen awav, but the ground-plan seems in realitv
to have been an irregular octagon, of which the north and north-east sides
were supplied bv the curtain-wall. Built probablv by Robert fitz Roger
about the vear 1200, for purelv defensive purposes," it seems to have
'See above, p. 61. Clarkson distinctly says that on the south side the castle consisted of three
towers : the Gatehouse tower in the middle, the west tower in the (south-west) corner called Cradyfargus,
and the tower in the east (i.e.. south-east) corner called the (Alontagu) tower. The name of Cradyfargus
has erroneously been bestowed on the spire-capped stair-turret that forms so prominent a feature in
the sky-line. This was probably 'the little stair tower' of 1609 (p. 70 above), and was still known merely
as 'the Watch tower' in the time of Grose. Mr. M. H. Dand says that part of the wall of Cradyfargus
fell down when his father was going to school at Warkworth (circa j 770-1).
" In its irregular ground-plan and certain other particulars it resembles the Bell tower at the south-west
corner of the inner ward of the Tower of London, the basement of which is about the same date.
Vol. \'. II
WARKWOKTIl PARISH.
been converted in the heqinning of the fourteenth century into the ' Lord's
lodgings,' an addition to the primitive requirements of domestic architecture
ior which its contiguitv to the great clianiber rendered it partieulailv suitnl.
""hi' southern sides were jirovidetl with hmkv cross-shapi-d hiDps
i^^ of the earlv thirteenth-century type. In the basement only the
upper part of these loops are visible,
while the triangular recesses leading
to them have been partially walled up.
This basement communicated with the
cellar under the great chamber bv
p means of a mural passage in the
south curtain, whilst the first floor
of the tower opened almost im-
mediately from the great chamber
itself. This first floor was occu-
.J pied by 'the chamber within
\ the castle called Crakeferguse
mentioned in 1487,'
which seems to have
given its name to
the tower.
Thf
Crakefergus cham-
ber is of great his-
Crakefergus. toric interest, as in
it probably the first two Percies of Warkworth died,' and Northumberland,
Henry IV., and John of Lancaster'' indited their Warkworth correspond-
ence. The east window of two cusped lights looking out along the moat is
provided with pleasant window-seats, and a small aumbrv in its northern splay.
The fire-place has had a prettv hood, and the ceiling was supported on
carved corbels, two of the remaining ones bearing pairs of quatrefoils,
while between them on the third is a shield charged with some hcast
statant, and some other badge too worn to be identified. At the north-west
' See above, p. 51.
- The name seems to imply some connection with the town of Carrickfcrgus, which was in possession
of the Lacis, an elder line of the Claveiing family. The tower is called 'the Knockfergus touer' in 1609.
The town of Carrickfergus was also known as Knockfergus.
' See above, pp. 32, 33. ' See above, pp. 35, 41, 43.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 83
corner is the jamb of a door once probably connected with a latrine turret,
now fallen away. The second and uppermost floor of this, the true Crake-
fergus tower, is now approached from a door in the south-east corner of the
great chamber bv a mural stair in the thickness of the south curtain. On
the east side of this room, between the door and the east window, there is a
smaller window in a curved recess, utilizing, apparently, the upper portion of
an original loop. The fire-place, except the north jamb, with a plain cap,
has entirely fallen awav, but the line of the hood mav still be traced. In the
north wall a shoulder-headed doorway leads up to the battlements of the
western curtain. This room we are justified in imagining to have been
the lady's bower ; the only chatelaine of whose presence at Warkworth we
have actual evidence, between the time of the adaptation of this tower to
domestic uses and the probable erection of the donjon, which was designed
to supersede it in this respect, is the second countess of Northumberland.^
The south curtain-wall between the Crakefergus and Gatehouse towers
bears marks of having been considerably repaired and cobbled in places, but
much of it with the high steep base seems to be Robert fitz Roger's work.
The battlemented walk seems to have descended by a flight of steps from the
roof of Crakefergus and to have risen again at first to a door in the second
floor of the gatehouse, and afterwards to the roof of it. At this latter point
the line of the battlements has evidently been twice raised, two successive
crenelles, one above the other, having been walled up and the hoarding-holes
altered accordingly. The piece of battlement still left gives the height of
the gatehouse parapet. The little glazed window is tha: of a mural
chamber, now used as the custodian's milk-house. In the west face of the
gatehouse a cross-loop has been opened out at the first floor into a doorway,
now closed, probably belonging to a latrine ; a small window with a slop-
spout is inserted to the south of it.
There are now no traces of the draw-bridge over the dry moat described
by Clarkson as being at the entrance to the castle." The gateway, with a
massive Pointed arch of two courses, is flanked by two semi-octagon towers
whose southern angles are covered bv buttresses of similar shape with spire-like
terminations. Over the gateway the wall projects slightly, as at Dunstanburgh,
and is supported on five corbels. These are now much decayed, but seem to
have been all alike, and of a Transition-Norman character. The gatehouse
' See above, p. 45. '"' See above, p. 61.
S4
WARKWORTH PARISH.
iiovE Great Gateway.
acquires an aspect of extreme severity bv there being no window over the
gate, which derived additional protection from machicolations of a later date
resting on three triple corbels. The gate,
like that of the postern, opened outwards ;
had it not done so it would have covered the
two insidious arrow-slits placed on either side
immediately within it. A plain chamfered
string-course continues through the whole
vault, and the portcullis, which was here
nearlv 4 feet behind the gate, must have been
wider at the top than at the bottom. The
groove of the portcullis ends at the string-
course, on which the shoulder of it would
rest, while the bottom must have fallen into
some sort of socket to hold it fast. On the
inner side of the opening for the portcullis is an arch, onlv 17 inches wide,
with the stones above it curiouslv joggled, and bevond it an opening of
the same width, the use of which is not very apparent, though near the
ground a slot has here been cut in the stone on the west side ; and there
is also a rectangular hole on the east, as though there had been a barrier
of some description. The remaining 17 feet 6 inches of the vault of the
roadwav is arched in rubble. Pairs of cross-shaped arrow-slits by their
decreasing length show that the road has always risen on a slope through
the gatewav. Marks of a palisade appear on the ashlar of the inner
face of the vault ; probably they are comparatively modern. The string-
course here ends, and the roadway from 8 feet widens to 9 feet 6 inches,
while for 5 feet there has been no vault, and possibly an opening into the
floor above. We then come to the springers of the great arch of the inner
face of the gatehouse.
On either side of this are two sturdv arches, the doorways of the porter's
lodge and prison, and beyond them again, set about 10 feet back, were other
doorways approached bv straight flights of steps that led by short winding
stairs to the first floor ; so that when perfect, this north front of the gatehouse,
with the massive central arch flanked bv four equally massive doorways, must
have presented a verv stately appearance. This arrangement can now be
best seen on the east side, though it is the more ruinous, the exactly similar
Pi
u
w
o
X
u
<
o
w
<
h
Di
O
pi
I
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
85
Steps and doorway on the west side having been incorporated in the custodian's
dwelling, which has been formed out of what was probably the porter's
lodge with a modern room built over it, has again been altered recently.
Fortunately a photograph is preserved at Alnwick castle, showing the gate-
house before the external stair was walled up.
ffi*>Vf
The Gatehouse from the Couktyard. Circa 1850.
The first floor of the gatehouse has been filled up with rubbish to the
height of about 4 feet, and coated over with asphalt. Immediately to the
north of the door at the head of the eastern stair there appears to have been
a cross wall very much on the line of the modern wall o.f the custodian's
dwelling. The room on the north side of this cross wall was the constable's
lodging, and as such served, no doubt, as the quarters of John Creswell, John
de Middelham, and Hardyng the Chronicler.' It seems to have been
occupied by the sixth earl of Northumberland during the latter years of his
life.- It had two fine windows opening to the east and west, of which the
southern splays only are left. There were probably gables above them, as there
' See above, pp. 3S, 41, 43.
• '.A littyll chamber over the gaytis wher the erle lay himself.' Bellysys, Survey, see above, p. 57.
86 \VARK\VORTH PARISH.
arc marks o\' llic roof-line against the cast wall and there is a stone spout
outside to carry off the water from the valley between this roof and the
hidier senii-octatjonal turrets of the front of the "atewav.' Inside the
eastern turret is a chamber about 7 feet S inches wide, vaulted with rubble.
There is an arrow-loop looking eastward along the moat, and on either side
of this, high up from the original floor level, are small aumbries, i foot high
and I foot 3 inches broad and deep, that have had three bars across them let
into the stone. The portcullis seems to have been walled olf from this floor
and to have been worked from that above.
In the courtyard immediately to the west of the gatehouse was a chapel.
The very plain piscina is still to be seen in the south wall. A space left
between this wall and the curtain contained a stair which formerly led off from
that now enclosed in the custodian's dwelling. On the south side of this stair
is the vaulted mural chamber, previously referred to as being now used as a
milk-house, and on the north a door gave access to what was probably an
oriole or upper floor in the western portion of the chapel." The base of
this door still remains a little to the left of the fire-place with which the oriole
was provided. A doorway in a deep recess to the right of the fire-place, now
walled up, seems to have been the original entrance to the mural passage and
stair communicating with the second floor of the Crakefergus tower. The
basement beneath the oriole has also had a large fire-place in the south wall.
Possibly this fire-place mav have been used for secular purposes and been one
of the ' houses of office ' mentioned by Clarkson. In the north-west corner
is a doorway leading into a passage, 4 feet 6 inches wide, that eventually
communicated with the aisle of the great hall. The jamb of a doorway in the
west wall is at the foot of some steps that seem to have ascended to the great
chamber.
The original level of the basement under the great chamber was the
' With its high towers in front and i;abled building of only one story behind, the gatehouse of Wark-
worth must have greatly resembled the view of the Porlt- ch- Laon at Coucy, in Viollet-le-Duc's Dktiomuiire
dc V Architecture Fran^aisc, vii. p. 335.
- Mr. Longstaffe says, the oriole is a feature explained by Matthew of Paris as the porch, by William
of Worcester as le oi'vrstorye : and adds that ' where the oriole was the upper story of the nave of a chapel,
and looked into the chancel, which in that case was the height of both stories, the oriole was for the lord
and his family's use, or often for the ladies only.' ArcJi. Act. n.s. iv. p. go. The chapel in the donjon was
certainly provided with an oriole of this description, and there is said to have been another example in
the chapel of the preceptory of the Knights Hospitallers at Chibburn, though this is doubtful. Turner gi\ es
numerous instances of the practice in his Domestic A rchitecture uj Eiii^laiul during the Middle Ages, ii. p. So.
In the present instance it may be that this upper room was that used generally by the ladies in the castle,
with merely an opening at the east end looking down into the chapel.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. 87
same as that of the passage leading into the ground floor of the Crady-
fargus tower. It is now lost in accumulations of rubbish. The great
chamber itself, a room of 39 feet 3 inches long by 21 feet 6 inches
broad, was approached in the first instance by a stair in the thickness of
the west curtain-wall that came up under a large window-recess, almost
of Norman date, opening on the Coquet. Facing the stair-head is the
door of a small mural chamber, with a smaller one, possibly a latrine,
inside it. The great chamber, it will be remembered, was the scene of the
delivery of the mysterious leathern bags and sealed coffer to William of
Togsden, the constable of the castle, by Hugh of Rothbury in 1297, and
probably this mural chamber was the actual closet to which they were
carried with so much difficulty by the constable's son.^ On the Percies
making Warkworth their residence, the late twelfth-century doorway of the
great chamber appears to have been walled up, and a small one broken into
it from the mural chamber. At the same time a fire-place with a skilfully
joggled flat arch, a slight hood, and ornamental side-shafts, seems to have been
inserted, as also a door in the south-east corner connecting the great chamber
immediately with the mural stair leading to the second floor of the Crakefergus
tower, which, as has been said, we mav regard as the ladv's bower at tliat
period. The first floor of this tower had alwavs been in direct communication
with the great chamber, bv a shouldered doorway, the head of which is
formed bv a stone of unusual size.
Towards the end of the fifteenth century, the fourth earl of North-
umberland appears to have constructed a much more magnificent stair for
approaching the great chamber by building a tower at the north-east corner."
The loftv first floor of this was devoted to a sort of state ante-room with an
elaborate groined vault, a mural seat, and a high doorway with effective
mouldings' leading into the chamber. Immediately inside this doorway en
the right, a small newel-stair ascended to the upper floors and roof of the
tower, and appears to have given it the name of the little stair tower.* As at
Alnwick, Bothal, Haughton, and other castles, the newel terminates in a sort
' 'Magna camera castri.' See above, p. 28. The closet is called ' calketa contigua.'
- At the same time, a bay about 12 feet wide with a window overlooking the courtyard, was added to
the great chamber, above the passage leading from the north-west corner of the ground floor of the
chapel. The pitch of the roof of the chamber was also changed from a steep to a very low one, as may
be seen by marks on the wall of the Crakefergus tower.
' A piece of a cusped window-head in the east wall still remains. The first floor of this tower looks at
first sight of earlier date than the basement, with ils flat arched passages and four-centred doorways.
' See above, p. 70. This tower has often erroneously been given the name of' Cradyfargus.'
88
WARKVVORTH PARISH.
of umbrella-shaped vault. From the door that led out ou to the roof a
lovely peep is obtained of the mouth of the Coquet. The turret containing
this stair-head is covered with a tall stone spire, and
as the remainder of the tower has fallen completely
awav, this spire is now a very prominent object in the
sky-line of the castle.' Traces of the battlements of
the tower art- still visible on ihf north and south faces
of the turret. There seems to have been at some
time an intention of either placing another floor over
the great chamber, or of forming a high false facade
to it on the courtyard side, as a door and aumbry
that admit of no other explanation are to be seen
in the external face
of the second floor
of the tower.
The erection of
the little stair tower
interfered with the
arrangements of the
great hall, which
adjoined the great
chamber on the north,
but had an aisle pro-
jecting into the court-
vard. This aisle was of thirteenth-centurv
origin, but, as so often happened in churches,
the low external wall and long steep roof
came to be replaced by a higher wall, with
large Perpendicular windows and a com-
parativelv flat roof. The base of only one
pier of the Early Pointed arcade is now in
position. The north-west corner of the
tower filled up rather more than half of the southernmost of the three bays,
and has been the means of preserving the respond, ornamented with the
' The pentagonal stair-turret of Sauchie tower, not far from .\lva, in Clackmannanshire, and supposed
to have been built 1430-1440, terminates in a similar stone spire. Macgibbon and Ross, Castellated and
Domestic Architecture of Scotland, i. pp. 267, 270. There are a few mason-marks in the Warkworth turret,
but nothinjj positive as to its exact date can bejnferred from them.
The Little Stair Tower.
St.air-head in Spire-tcrket.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
89
^i^'HuT
;i:'tr;ir"i:i!ti'ife-s a^
,!
- -^s ^^i^^
ii IliJil
fci , ,.»:<„^=w
^^^^l^^^^s^
Section of Respond.
nail-head pattern, and a shattered portion of the arch of the bay. An
arched opening built-up underneath the respond proved on being opened out
in 1898 to be an early semi-circular fire-place.
A bold moulding of rather late character was
carried along the intruded wall of the tower
and over the door that opened from it into
the aisle. The great chamber could thus be
i^j T/'"^ iilr*=^r^^ reached either by the winding stair in the
.^ I- < .1-^ I w-m.r^\\. m. tower, ]ust withm this
door, or by the original
mural stair that went
up from a door in the
south-west corner of
the hall, which the cur-
tain-wall was splayed
off to admit.
The foundation of
the brazier may be seen near the upper end of
the main portion of the hall, which was about
58 feet long. At the lower or northern end,
possibly under a minstrels' gallery, were two
doorways. The mouldings on their bases seem
to belong to the same period as the Lion tower.
The eastern doorwav opened into a passage-
room leading towards the kitchen that probably served as the buttery ; the
western into what was probably the pantry. It is doubtful whether the
irregular space between the supposed buttery and the earlier kitchen was
ever actually covered in. The large fire-place of the kitchen seems to have
been in the east wall, while on the west side, against the curtain, are the
remains of an oven, and a trough and sink. Opening from the kitchen and
between it and the pantry was a long narrow room, possibly a larder.^
The main entrance to the great hall from the courtyard was at the
north-east corner, through the magnificent porch under the Lion tower. On
the front of this tower two brackets ornamented with fan-tracery support a
huge stone lion, so much mutilated as to be onlv sound in his off fore leg,
' In about 1569 all these offices were used as stables : probably the larder as ' the Lord Kcthe's,' the
buttery as 'the carter's,' and the pantry as 'my ladye's.' See above, p. 66.
Vol. v. 12
SouTH-EAST Corner of Great Hall.
90
WAKKWOKTH PARISH.
though the feet of the other three on which he stood still remain.' Round
the neck he wears, after the fashion of a Celtic torque, the Percy badge
of a crescent inscribed with the Percy motto of lEsperauilce. His great
tail was lashed up against the wall above him, where traces of it are yet
left. No doubt, at a time before the art of using bright colours without
abusing them was lost in England, this great lion of Louvain was painted
an unmistakable blue."
1
' Mr. C"i. T. Clark described this ' portentous lion '
as sitting on a shelf of stone ' with a vast /rill round
liis neck by way of mane.' Arch. Jourinl, xli. p.
« 424. Exen so careful a writer as Mr. Lonffstafic
^ wrote, 'this large and terrible beast probably sup-
ported a banner.' It is manifest that tlie lion must
always have been stataiit guardaiit. and that in such
^^^^ a posture as to absolutely preclude the notion of his
_^^" ^"^;>~^ ever having^ borne a banner
like the lion sejant gitardant on
the Percy seal of 1446, en-
graved in .Surtees, Durhcim, Seals, viii. 11, and in
>' Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. plate xi. No. 7. We may
remember that a letter of the
second earl of Northumberland,
u ritten atWarkworth circa 1420, — -
■ -•• was sealed with a lion sejant 1
guardant gorged with a crescent
(Fig. i); while the crescent on
the same-sized signet of his
countess was inscribed with the
, words 'I'esperance'i Fig. 2). See
/ ■ above, p. 45. It appears that the
second, third, and fourth earls of Northumberland,
all bearing the name of Henry, used the same or
very similar devices. The Rev.
X' William Greenwell has a docu-
ment dated 9th November, 14S2,
■" with the seal of the fourth earl
exactly resembling, if it is not
1^'"'" identical, with the great seal of
1^ . the second earl appended to
C* ': deeds of 1417 and 1435, and
engraved in Surtees, Durham,
Fig. 2.
\^
Fig. 3.
Seals, viii. 2, and in Pruc. Arch. Inst. 1852. ii. plate xi. No. 6, and which is here reproduced from the
example attached 10 a deed of 23rd September, 1435, Durham Treasury, l'"" i""'' Spec. No. 49 (Fig. 3).
It will be seen ihat the lion-crest with its smooth body is a totally different beast from the crest over
the old Percy shield on the Lion tower, the body of which is covered with wool or scales. The seal in
Mr. Greenwell's possession is remarkable for having the secretum : n lion sejant guardant gorged with
a crescent, and the motto EtipciaUllCC.
- Mr. Joseph Robertson finds from the records of the year 1535 that the group of figures above
the grand gateway in the eastern side of the quadrangle of Linlithgow palace, ' together with the group of
the Salutation of the Virgin upon the other side of the quadrangle, and certain unicorns and a lion
upon the outer gateway were brilliantly painted.' Macgibbon and Ross, Castellated and Domestic Archi-
tecture of Scotland, i. p. 495. Mr. Longstaffe {Arch. Ael. n.s. iv. pp. 177, 195) tried to make out that the
great lion statant guardant of Warkworth was white, and had some official connection either with the
county of Northumberland or the wardenship of the Marches. He seems to have forgotten that a lion
argent could not possibly be gorged with a crescent argent, und no one will venture to argue that a crescent
bearing the Percy motto of ' Esperance' was of any other metal or tincture. The fact of this Warkworth
lion, together witli several in the characters of badges or supporters on the fifteenth-century Percy seals,
being gu.trdant, seems only a free and perfectly justifiable treatment. Indeed, the azure lion is absolutely
required to complete the achievement over the entrance into the great hall, which would otherwise only
consist of the strange combination of ' Percy ancient ' and ' Lucy.'
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
91
Ovei- the lion are two shields with their upper rims turned up, and
apparently bouches, or notches for lance-shafts'to work in, in their right-hand
corners. One of these
shields bore the arms
of 'Percy ancient,' and
the other those of
' Lucv.' Their dimen-
sions have been much
curtailed by time and
weather ; onlv four of
the five Percv fusils
now remain, and the
luces or pikes have all
lost their tails. On
the mantled single-cleft
helm above the Percy
shield is a bycocket or
cap of state, like that
worn by Henry VI. at
the battle of Hexham,
with a singular animal,
possibly a ram, certainly
not a heraldic lion, on
it for the crest. The
similar helm and ac-
companiments over the
Lucv shield have almost entirely fallen away. The whole of this carved
work is framed in at the sides by thin pinnacled buttresses resting on pairs
of angels in excellent yellow stone from Well-heugh, near Amble, still
sharp as an arrow, while at the top is a battlemented cornice. Three badges
are carved on the under side of this cornice : the first may possibly have been
the fetter-lock, though it is difficult to make anything out of the fragment
left, the middle one is a crescent inscribed with EspcvailCC, and the third a
bascule or counterpoise for raising a drawbridge, charged with the woi^ds
flDa Comfort. This last badge is known to have been that of the house of
The Lion Tower.
92
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Beveki.ev.
VVakkvvokth.
Examples of Bascules.
Raglan.
Herbert, of which the countess of the fourth earl of Northumberland was a
daughter ; the entire
motto Esperance Ma
Comfort seems to
have been peculiar
to her husband.' The
old arms of Percv,
too, disused after the
middle of the four-
teenth century, do
not re-appear in the faniilv heraldry before the close of the fifteenth;^ so
that, without appealing to the confirmatory architectural evidence, we may
reasonably infer the Lion tower to have been the work of the fourth earl :
The famous erle of Xoithumbeilande,
Of knyghtly prowes the sword, pomel and hylt.
The myghty lyon doutted by se and lande,'^
between his marriage in 1472 and his murder in 1489. It has been questioned
whether the lion and the rest of the carving are not insertions. This can
hardly be the case as the stones of the lion go through the wall and there are
no signs of alterations, the rooms being provided with windows looking
south ; whereas, if there had been no lion, thev would have naturally looked
east. The fact that the stones of the carving do not run regular with the
wall-courses proves little ; those of the lion panel on the north side of the
donjon do not do so.*
The magnificent porch loses some of its eflfect bv the floor being now a
step below the level of the courtvard. It is about 10 feet 6 inches square
inside. There are stone seats along the side walls, and a slit for light to the
south. The vault is formed by two transecting arches, intersected bv two
' Arch. Ad. n.s. iv. p. 200. 'The word comfort,' Mi-. Longstaffe observes,' is the mot, word, or cry of
English writers, and we find Hotspur's army using Esperance as such.' Ibid. p. 199. The same motto
occurs both on the originals of the cornice above the lion ramjiant over the outer gateway of the barljican
at Alnwick, and of the ledge below it. The Herbert bascute appears also on the underpart nf this cornice,
which we have positive proof was carved at Hulne priory just before the death of the fourth earl in 14S9.
Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 271.
= Henry Percy, who died at Warkworth in 1353, left to his heir all the tapestry for the hall of the
ancient arms of Percy ; they occur ne.xt in the Percy chapel at Beverley in connection with the fourth earl
of Northumberland. Arch. Ael. n.s. iv. pp. 171. 193.
' Skelton, Lament, M.S. Reg. Brit. Mus. 18 D. ii. ; Percy, Reliqiies, i. p. 95.
' Mr. Reavell, with great practical experience, regards both as insertions.
WARKWORTM CA5TLE.
PLANS OF VPPER PIOORS
p ? £ 3f je_
5CALC or rzzrr
SECOND (TjOOR
FIRST FLOOR.
CAROROOES
OM CAST CVRTAIM
riK^T rLOOR.
I nONTACV
TOWER
■E^H
^^1 THIRD nOOR.
1^
^^1 TOWC.R.
I
KIH
riR5T ruooR
SECOND TLOOR
warkworth castle. 93
flat ribs, with a central boss ornamented with a rude lion rampant. On the
north side is a four-centred doorway leading into a corridor, of which only
the foundations remain.^
Just within this doorway, on the left, a worn stair ascends to a passage in
the north wall of the Lion tower.^ Here a door opening outwards admits to
the guest-chamber^ on the first floor. In the east wall may be noticed the
back of the large stone, 3 feet bv 2 feet, which forms the lion's head, and an
aumbry to the left of this. The south wall has a window of two lights, and
the west retains the lower jambs of a lire-place. The upper floor of the '
tower was supported by a projecting ledge on the south side, and by three
corbels of late character on the north. In the north-east corner of the
tower, just outside this room, is a latrine. The north wall has been carried
out very slightly step-fashion to give width to this, and the shaft comes
down close to the northeast buttress of the porch.
At right angles to the great hall and Lion tower, stretching from near
the kitchen across the entire courtvard to the east, are the foundations of a
cruciform chapel, the origin of which has been one of the greatest mvsteries
connected with Warkworth castle. There is no allusion to anvthing of the
sort in the roval survey of 1538,' but in 1567 Clarkson tells us of the
foundations of a house that was meant to have been a college, of which a
good part of the walls had been built, and which, if it had been finished and
made a perfect square, would have been a divisioi] between the lodgings
connected with the great hall and the donjon. The building had then been
all taken away except certain walls that remained under the ground, and at
the east part of it was a brewhouse and bakehouse covered with slate
and then in good repair.' In considering what this college could have been,
it is natural to be reminded in the first place of the chantry in the castle
of Warkworth, which the second earl of Northumberland mentions as
' A font about 2 feet in diameter, with a battlemented design round tlie bowl, until recently stood in
the centre of the porch, thus causing it often to be mistaken for a chapel. It has been removed to the
keep and is apparently of very late workmanship, but where it actually came from seems uncertain.
Connected with a blue stone about 3 feet 6 inches in diameter and 2 feet deep, lying just outside the
porch, is a conventional story of treasure trove. Possibly the stone belonged to the horse mill recom-
mended to be made by the commissioners of 1538.
" This stair, straight at first, changes afterwards into a newel one only 2 feet 8 inches in width, and in
doing so must have made the entrance to the room over the pantry or buttery, of which the north door-
jamb remains, extremely awkward. This room must have extended over the passage between the porch
and collegiate chapel, and there are traces of a window belonging to it.
^ See above, p. 66. ' Ih'id. p. 57. ^ Ihid. p. 62.
94
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Base of South-west Pier of College.
having been lately founded in 142S,' and which seems to have come to an
end after the death of the third earl at Towton in 14^)1 ;'■ but this chantrv
cannot have been founded in
an unfinished chapel, and most
probablv was connected with
the chapel in the
donjon. When, too,
we come to examine
the foundations of
this collegiate chapel
at the east end we shall find that instead of the ran2:e of unfinished buildings
connected with the brewhouse being built on or against them, as Clarkson's
language would lead us to suppose, they actually block up a window and
door of this range, and are, consequently, of later date. The internal
proportions of the chapel are also sin-
gular : the nave must have been about
40 feet long, and the choir 52 feet,
but there would be little more than
1 1 feet clear space between the piers
of the central tower that was to rise
between them. The moulded bases
of the four piers of this tower, and
Base of North Akcade of College. of two of the north arcade of the
nave still remain. 'Unfortunately,' says Hartshorne, 'it happens that the
mouldings of these bases are so plain and inexpressive, that their archi-
tectural character affords no assistance in determining their exact age. The
conception of this collegiate church may, as far as architectural evidence
goes, range through nearly a century or more, from the death of Hotspur's
son at the battle of St. Alban's in 1455, to the execution of Clarkson's
survey in 1567.'^ It is evident that the north door of the porch under the
Lion tower was purposely designed to communicate by a corridor with
this chapel, and consequently we are compelled to conclude that the chapel
itself formed part of the general plan of the fourth earl of Northumberland
' See above, p. 46. " Ibid. p. 47.
^ Proc. Arch. Inst. 1S52, ii. p. 209. Hartshorne is there inclined to attribute the foundations of
this chapel to the fifth earl of Northumberland, 1489-1527. Freeman, who follows Hartshorne in con-
cluding the keep to have been the work of the second earl, nevertheless has fallen into the error of
imagining this chapel to have been of more ancient origin, bracketing it with the Early Pointed pillars of
I
WARKWORTH CASTI.E. 95
for constructing a mansion more suited to the domestic requirements of his
age than were the complicated and limited arrangements of the donjon.'
The work would be brought to a standstill on the earl's murder in his forty-
second year. His son seems to have neglected Warkworth as a residence
in favour of Wressil and Leconfield.
In 1533 charges were made for keeping wood in the college of Wark-
worth and for carrving it up into the hall of the donjon. Thomas Monk was
engaged to place whins in the windows of the college.' All which points to
the work hav'ing been brought to a close by the financial difficulties in '
which the fifth earl, Henry the Magnificent, found himself involved. Large
Perpendicular mouldings and window jambs, some of them evidently fresh
from the banker, have been found nearly all over the courtyard among the
foundations of later buildings, pointing clearly to the sudden abandonment
of some great design.
The late date of the cruciform chapel seems further apparent from the
fact that the stone stair from the vaults in the thickness of the east wall of the
north transept must have led up into the choir, which seems to indicate that
the vaults were intended for places of sepulture.' The smaller vault is
the hall : ' The later chapel, as well as the later hall, is in this keep ; but the older chapel and the older
pillared hall are still to be traced in their foundations. But the chapel was to have been more than a
chapel. According to a practice found in several royal and in a few baronial dwellings, it was to have
been a small minster, a cross church with an attached college, within the castle walls.' English Towns
and Districts, p. 322. At first sight the bases of the pillars do indeed look like late Norman work, but a
mason-mark on one of the shafts is admittedly the same as one on the admittedly Tudor masonry of the
arched passage ; as Hartshorne says, the bases are so plain and inexpressive as to be of any age. There
is no evidence of any collegiate chapel here before 1533, and the idea of late Norman bases with Tudor
shafts standing on top of Tudor vaults has little to recommend it. We should look for a late Norman
chapel not within the castle but at the Maudlins. Of the third chapel, near the great gateway. Freeman
evidently never heard. JVIr. G. T. Clark, who informed the Archaeological Institute that the stair landing
outside the great chamber in the tower with the spire-turret was 'the smaller chapel, showing delicate
additions of Decorated date,' compared this cruciform collegiate church to the late Norman church in
Hastings castle, and dropped no hint as to its never having actually risen. Arch. Journal, xli. p. 424.
' There are certain points of resemblance between the remains of this chapel and the church of
Linlithgow. The ideal of a late fifteenth-century castle-palace built round a courtyard seems to have been
best attained at Linlithgow ; while, next to Warkworth, the finest example of a residential keep is perhaps
to be found in the tower of Borthwick, in Midlothian, dating from about 1430. The conception of a
palace in the base-court of Warkworth, into which the old hall and chamber should be worked, is of
essentially later date than that of a tower-house, however magnificent. Disregard of this led Mr. Harts-
home to ascribe the Lion tower and the whole facade connected wuh it to the time of the first earl of
Northumberland ; and it must be confessed that had it not been for the Herbert bascule on the cornice of
the Lion tower, a badge unquestionably connected with the wife of the fourth earl, it would have been
easy to regard the whole as of early fifteenth-century construction. It is well known that the several
architectural styles continued in considerably later use in the north than in the south of England.
Nothing has been found in the remaining episcopal registers at Durham to throw any light on the history
of the three chapels in Warkworth castle. '" See above, p. 56.
" Cf. 'the black velvet coffin (of Henry VII. in 1509) .... was deposited, not, as in the burials
of previous kings, in the raised tomb, but in the vault beneath, by the side of his queen.' Stanley,
Memorials of Westminster Abbey, p. 16S. The vault of the Radcliffes under the chapel at Dilston has an
external aperture.
96 WAKKWOKIH PARISH.
under the north transept, tlic lari^cr under the west end of the choir, two
octagonal pilhirs of which have been carried down through the stone roof.'
Immediately to the east of these vaults, a passage 43 feet long, 8 feet
broad, and 8 feet high in the centre of the very flat Tudor arching, was carried
under the choir as a means of communicating between the bakehouse and
brewhouse and the courtyard with the draw-well which served 'the hoUe
house of water.' A narrower passage beyond this again was formed to afford
access from the courtyard to the basement of the Grey Mare's Tail, the
semi-octagonal tower that projects fieldwards from near the centre of the
east curtain, through what seems to have been a west window of a room,
the original door of which was blocked, as has been mentioned, by the
foundation of the church ; the east wall of the church built diagonally
across the room cut it up into two almost triangular compartments with
a doorway between them.- Between the two doors in the west wall of
this room a perfect hearth with a curbstone has recently been laid bare.
Extending northwards along the east curtain are the foundations of two
or three rooms that possibly formed the bakehouse, and on the west side
of these, crowded in between the vaults of the church and the donjon, are
traces of a building with stands for two large pots heated from one under-
ground flue,^ that may have been the brewhouse.
The curtain-wall is in a good state of preservation for the 24 yards
intervening between the donjon and the semi-octagonal to\ver already
mentioned as being near the east end of the foundations of the church, and
known in 1609 as the Grey Mare's Tail.' As on the west side of the donjon,
' Against the east wall of the larger vault is now a well of water, brought here in pipes from some
distance. This does not appear to have existed in mediaeval times. The masonry of these vaults,
especially the flat arches of the window-recesses, with their triangular keystones, resembles that of the
great kitchen. The transepts of the chapel were not true transepts, but mere projecting bays. The
general idea conveyed by the foundations is more that of a toy minster than of a genuine cross church.
- The line of the east wall of the church deflects considerably towards the south-east, in precisely the
same degree as does the east wall of the chapel near the gatehouse. There seems no architectural
reason for this special orientation in either case. The springing of the vaulting left on the deflected
wall is the same as that of the passage under the choir. Hartshorne, in his ground-plan, has shaded it
all as Transition-Norman.
' Hartshorne shows this as the bakehouse, but there are no remains of any ovens.
* See above, p. 70. The name was probably a corruption of one like Frentmesnell or Cramaville.
Lord Hunsdon writing to Cecil in November, 1509, says that during the Northern Rising Thcmas, earl
of Northumberland, 'meant twice or thrice to submite himselfc, but that his wyfe being the stouter of
the two, doth haslyn hym and yncorage hym to persever, and rydeth up and down with the army, so as
the grey mare is the better horse.' Macaulay ascribes this saying to the superiority of the grey mares
largely imported from Flanders in the early part of Elizabeth's reign over the native draught horses.
De Fonblanque, A nnais of the House of Percy, ii. p. 32.
WARKWORTh CA5TLC
VAVLTS AT CAST EXD OF COLLEGE
SCALE OF FtET
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
97
it was carried to a great height, and it is supported externally by a buttress
of very early thirteenth-century character, of even grander proportions than
that near the postern. A series of corbels connected with the floors and roof
of the brewerv buildings project at various
levels from the inner face of the curtain.
The Grey Mare's Tail was originallv of
much the same construction as the south-
west or true Crakefergus tower, but unlike
the latter it has been subjected, externally,
to few alterations or
additions, and, when
viewed from the field,
mav be regarded as a
most remarkably perfect
specimen of earlv thir-
teenth-century military
architecture, and as the
work of the first lord
of Clavering and Wark-
worth. Its five external faces
are each pierced by a giant
cross-loop, 1 6 feet in length;
the loop in the northern face
being slightlv deflected in order to make room for a verv
characteristic latrine turret in the angle between the tower and curtain.
These five loops, extending through the two lower stories of the tower
to within a short distance of the ground, are probably the finest examples
in Europe of those defensive openings adapted for the cross-bow, which
became peculiarly common in the thirteenth century.'
?M.^''^
A.-^;'
■f^-
The Grey Make's Tail.
' VioIlet-le-Duc gives an excellent account of these arrow-loops and their successive developments, in
the article ' Mcnrtricre ' of his Didionnaire lic I' A rchitccturc Francaise, vi. p. 387. The Romans directed all
their defensive operations from the summit of their towers, and it is not till the twelfth century that
openings for the discharge of missiles at besiegers occur in the lower parts of towers ; even then they are
rare, the most notable examples being at the castle of Carcassone. During the thirteenth century they
become of frequent occurrence ; but the improvements in the arts of sapping and mining in the fourteenth,
caused tower-bases to be again built as solid as possible, and the openings to be restricted to the upper
parts. It was not till the introduction of cannon for defensive purposes that the bases were again pierced
with loop-holes. The oilet recesses inserted in the subsequent lining of the east tower at Warkworth
resemble some drawn by VioUet-le-Duc, and dated 12 50- 1350. Ihid. p. 390.
Vol. \'. 13
93
WARKWORTH PARISH.
IlEAli OF OUIGINAI. OlLET.
The tower is entered by a rubble-vaulted passage from the room at the
east end of the collegiate chapel, passing the latrine
chamber on the left. The ground floor of the tower
lias been sunk abdut 2 feet. At about 3 feet 5 inches
above the original level a range of five oilets are _
inserted in the masonry, with which the tower has
evidently been lined for the jnu-pose of adding to its *
strenf^th. All the oilet openings have, however, been
closed up with stone, except those in the east and
south-east faces. They are about 2 feet high, the __|
heads supported on plain chamfered shoulders, and
the roofs sloping upwards. The original long oilets,
through which any shaft or shot discharged through
these insertions sped afield, have not been regularly
built up, but are merely filled with pieces of timber
and other rubbish. An attempt has been made to
pull out the ashlar lining of the tower at the north-west corner, for the
purpose, no doubt, of forming a
x|i ^'^^ :J^5^^^BiF-^ ^'^f'} fire-place, as may be seen from the
^ '"" ^^ ' -^ holes drilled for the crowbars. On
the first floor the eastern oilet
recess has been scooped out for
^, the same purpose, and the lining
'I wall above it rebuilt with large
"'""'' stones to form the chinniev, the
original oilet being roughlv closed
with clav. The roofs of the four
other inserted oilet recesses on
the first floor are level, and are
supported on double rows of plain
chamfered shoulders. The first
floor was originally approached by
a straight external stair, the lines of which mav be traced aa;ainst the
curtain ; there is another vaulted latrine chamber near the entrance. The
second floor of the tower appears to have had no opening to the field ; a
door iamb is left at the south- west corner. The tower was used as a prison
Inserted Oilet Recesses.
warkworTh castle. 99
in 1609,' and probablv it was here that the plague put an end to the
sufferings of manv of Sir Reginald Carnabv's prisoners in 1538.- Con-
sidering the loathsome state of mediaeval prisons the wonder is the plague
did not always cheat the hangman. The battlements are in a good state
of preservation.
Southward from the Grey Mare's Tail, the lower external face of the
curtain seems much battered, and presents a very archaic appearance ; but as
in other cases this may be the result of comparatively recent repairs. The
walk here was approached by a flight of steps connected with what was
the south-east buttress of the choir of the collegiate church, the erection
of which cut oft" the original straight flight placed against the south wall of
the building just west of the Grey Mare's Tail. The three northern merlons
of the battlement are intact. Built against the curtain was the great stable,
with granaries above. The excavations superintended bv Mr. Reavell show
its foundations to have been verv largely composed of elaborately moulded
Perpendicular mullions and window jambs that appear never to have been
put into their intended positions. None of the cross- walls have been
properly built into the curtain-wall either above or below ground. On the
walk behind is a latrine turret, 12 feet in width, with two quatrefoil windows
to the east. The curtain is here pierced by a small doorway that leads to
the custodian's garden. This doorway is probably mediaeval. Just within
it, near the south end of the great stable, was probably ' the gardner's
chamber.'" The battlement rises in a noble series of steps connecting the
walk of the east curtain with the roof of the Montagu tower.
The Montagu tower, as it was called in 1534,' probably from its having
been built by John Nevill, Lord Montagu and earl of Northumberland (1464-
1470), is a rectangle 25 feet square, with its inner wall built in a line with
the east curtain, at the south-east angle of the castle. The first floor has
a fire-place in the west wall near the north-west corner, and slits in the
three outer walls. The second floor, with windows to the east and south,
has a large rough fire-place across the north-east corner, while in the north-
west corner there is a latrine. The fire-place of the third and uppermost
floor is in the south part of the west wall, and the window in the south wall
' See above, p. 70. - Ibiil., p. 58. ' Ibitl. p. 66.
' See above, p. 55. The name with its associations must have jarred on a Percy ear, and Clarkson
leaves it blank in his survey.
loo
WARKWORTH PARISH.
^;]^
is set in an unsplaved recess.' The wliole tower is in a very perfect
condition. It is evident that at this angle the castle at one time extended
to the top of the irregular earthworks just outside the present walls, and
that the Montagu tower was
built at a late period in order
to square off the courtyard.
Indeed the wall between it
and the great gatehouse, which
Clarkson designates as 'fare and
of a newe buvldinge ' in 1567,
had been taken down and re-
built in 1534," and was not finally
embattled till 1538.^ The base-
ment of the tower, which
Clarkson tells us, was used as a
stable, has been half filled with
rubbish internally, and to the
head of the doorway being
broken through to give height for
an entrance. There are narrow
slits in the east and south walls.
Mr. Reavell conducted excava-
tions about this stair, and found
that the outer door jambs have
a double osree mouldins; the
same as those on the south side
of the doorway leading down
into the room at the east end of
the 'college,' on the door jambs
of the first floor of the donjon and on the south door of the chancel of Alnwick
church. He also determined the exact position of the stair, and proved that it
ascended in the opposite direction to that drawm on Hartshorne's plan, and
was considerably further back. A fortunate reference to the Bucks' view of
'These three chambers were probably those allotted to ' Rissc,' 'Mr. Harryson,' and ' Lampley ' ir.
the inventory. See above, p. 66. ' See above, p. 55.
' ' Cum imbatillacione muri lapidei ex australi parte ejusdem castri cum reparacione magni orei
ibidem.' Ante, p. 58 n. This does not necessarily imply that the great barn stood against this curtain.
The .Montagu Tower.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. lOI
the castle in 1728 showed not only that the turret which contained this stair
was then extant, but that there were two other similar turrrets projected
from the curtain between it and the gatehouse. The foundations of these were
then unearthed. It seems that this curtain, rebuilt in 1534, was pulled down
in about 1752,^ and that another wall was subsequently built further back to
enclose the castle area. On the courtyard side of this new wall a mass of
foundations revealed in the course of 1898 indicate with their thick walls
and large chamfered bases a very important structure, the original character
of which it is difficult to ascertain owing to the numerous subsequent-
alterations. Similar foundations were discovered at Baniburgh in 1889, in
connection with the turrets on the north wall of the inner ward.'
Having thus completed the circuit of the base-court, we proceed to
the donjon or ' the high house,' as it was called in the seventeenth century.*
This has been treated by many writers as if it were not merely the most
interesting but, indeed, the only interesting part of the castle.
Built on a mound, apparently more ancient than the days of King
Ceolwulf, and following the contour if not the actual foundations of a
thirteenth-century keep, the donjon of Warkworth is beyond all question the
most elaborately planned tower-house in existence — ' a marvellus proper
dongeon ' sav the king's commissioners of 1538. Hartshorne has described
the donjon as a model for a domestic building adapted to modern habits and
to just notions of comfort, luxury, and refinement, the view, the aspect, the
lighting, the water supply, the sewerage, all properly attended to.* Violiet-
le-Duc has gone so far as actually to attempt copying its plans and elevations
for his ideal of what a countrv house, suited alike to France and England,
should be at the present day.' A more thorough study of the basement
and two upper floors of the donjon — Hartshorne took no account of the
second floor — tends rather to show the immensity of the gulf that
separates all our ideas of domestic life from those prevalent in the Middle
'The Rev. Wilfrid Lawson, who succeeded his father as vicar of Warkworth in 1732, told Bishop
Percy in 1767 that he remembered 'the castle more intyre ; the south wall between the Corner tower
next the sea and the Ciatehouse tower was taken down to repair some cottages, etc., within these 14 or 15
years.' Border Holds, i. p. 419. This probably explained the mediaeval ashlar work in some buildings at
the turn of the road to .Amble that have recently been improved away.
"See above, vol. i. pp. 67, 68. ' See above, p. 72. ' Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 207.
'' Lectures on Architecture, imm the French of VioUet-le-Duc, by B. Bucknall, iSSi, ii. p. 370. The
plans for an ideal country house are there given as being actually those of Warkworth castle, instead of
being merely based on its arrangements. The liberties taken in the adaptation are amusing : the central
lantern is roofed in, and contains a well-stair, the hall becomes the drawing room, the buttery a billiard
I'oom, the chapel a saloon, while the upper floor is extended over the whole building. This jcu d'csprit
throws some light on the wide tether Viollet-Ie-Duc gave to his imagination in the restoration of Blois and
Pierrefonds.
102
WARKWORIH PARISH.
Ages. The especial value of Warkworih doiijtui in the historv of the
development of household architecture is not only that the walls stand
practically perfect and unaltered, but that the internal evidence is sufficient
to more or less plausibly deteiniine the use to which every room was put.
The main entrance is on the west side of the semi-octagon that projects
into the courtyard near the centre of the south front. The excavations of
i8t)8 indicate a building about 9 feet 8 inches high, extending so far along
Wakkuoktii Donjon, South Side.
the curtain-wall from the Postern tower at much the same level.' The
square platform approached bv steps both on the west and east, or along
the walk of the west curtain-wall, shown on Hartshorne's plan, seems a
mere conjecture not substantiated by the portion of the old steps and
original flagging now exposed. The four-centred doorway and much of
the adit)ining masonry were renewed bv Salvin in 1853- 1858, and still
present a :bald appearance. There was a small portcullis, as can be seen
' This mav have been ' Mr. Rookesbie's chamber' of the inventory. See above, p. 66.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
10-
from the groove, and if any assailants burst through this and the strong door
behind it, the chances are that, rushing impetuously on to a wooden plat-
form, the bolts supporting which could be easily withdrawn, they would
find themselves pre-
cipitated down some
1 6 feet into a pit
13 feet 3 inches bv
7 feet 10 inches, lined
with splendid ashlar
work. On the south
side of this trap for
Scots was a small
porter's room with a
fire-place, and on the
east a door com-
municating with the
eastern battlements
of the curtain -wall.
We turn north into
a vaulted hall at the
foot of the main
stair. On our left
is a large vault that
served as the prison.'
In the rectangular
loop-recess at the
south end is the
squaie mouth of a
veritable dungeon, 9
feet 4 inches deep
and measuring 9 feet
6 inches by 8 feet 5 inches at the bottom. The sides contract gradually
higher up, verv large stones being placed over the corners, and the dungeon
thus acquires a sort of bottle shape. An underground dungeon is a rare
' There were of course other prisons in the great gatehouse and the Grey Mare's Tail ; captives must
have been numerous in Border warfare. The donjon seems to have been intended to be a complete castle
within a castle. We find a prison and a porter's lodge on either side of the great gate, and there were the
same on either side of the entrance vault of the donjon.
Entrance \'aui.t oi- Donjon.
104 WARKWORTH PARISH.
feature in our Border castles. There is one like this in the gatehouse of
the inner ward of Alnwick castle, and another was discovered at Dunstan-
burgh in 1898. A narrow flight of steps on the west side of the dungeon
mouth leads to an inner prison 12 feet 2 inches long but only 4 feet 9 inches
wide,' formed in the thickness of the outer wall. At the south end is a
small fire-place, at the north a latrine chamber. The situation of this inner
prison reminds one of the condemned cell in the keep of Newcastle when
used as the county gaol of Northumberland ; but it seems rather intended
for a captive of superior position and importance. Probably onlv very
heinous off'enders were consigned to the bottle-dungeon.
In almost the centre of the donjon is the remarkable lantern, as Clarkson
calls it, an open space about 8 feet by 10 feet, that served the double
purpose of receiving the water from the leads and giving light to certain por-
tions of the building. The general ground-plan of the donjon being, roughly
speaking, a cross, about 1 17 feet from north to south bv 108 feet from east to
west, with square compartments in the angles between the limbs, the whole
thus forms what heralds would call a cross quadrate quarter pierced. In the
western limb of the basement is a long, narrow vault, possiblv used for the
butterv, with a mural stair off" the steps of the loop-recess leading up into the
pantry. Between this and the similar vault, perhaps 'the wete larder,'- in
the northern limb, which contains stone tanks for holding the water collected
in the lantern, is a square vault, with a mural stair to the kitchen in its north
window-recess, and the postern door in its west wall opening on to the
escarpment of the mound above the town and river. The vault in the east
limb, probably the wine cellar,' is entered by a diagonal passage ; on the
south side a mural stair ascends to the upper end of the hall, while on
the north is a square vault, reserved perhaps for choicer vintages. The
south-east corner of the basement is occupied bv a large square vault,
probably ' the chamber the boyes lay in ' of Earl Thomas's time,' but with
no special feature except a mural closet approached bv steps on the east side
of the rectangular ingoing of its southern loop-hole.
To recapitulate, there were three entrances to the donjon : the main
entrance reached bv a flight of steps from the court between the collegiate
chapel and the west curtain-wall, the small round-headed door opposite con-
' This inner prison was formerly called the 'captain's bedroom,' a mistake folioued by Mr. Stevenson
in his House Architecture, ii. p. 33. The door has evidently been fastened from the outside, and neither
soldiers nor prisoners were in the habit of bolting the captain of a castle into his bedroom.
•'See above, p. 65. 'Ibid. Ubid.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
105
nected with the walls of the east curtain, and the external postern near the
north-west corner of the donjon ; there were four stairs from the basement to
the first floor, the main stair in the southern projection, and the three mural stairs
issuing respectively in the buttery, the kitchen, and the dais end of the hall.
The main stair, which has a small chamber as if for a page or usher at
the fourth step level ('the chamber at the staire fdote ' of the inventory)^
1 1 ALL OF Donjon.
terminates on a landing lit by three fine windows overlooking the courtyard,
two of them provided with seats. There is a fire-place in the west wall of
the landing, and to the right of this a hole for the insertion of stays to
support the portcullis when raised. Passing through the doorway of the hall,
we enter a small alcove with a stone seat on the left, and on the right a door
inside which a wheel-stair leads to two rooms on the second floor entirely
renovated in 1853-1858.
' See above, p. 66.
Vol. V.
14
io6
WARKWORTH PARISH.
The hall was a noble room, 41 feet long by about 25 feet broad at the
lower and 23 feet at the upper end. It rose to the full height of the second
floor of the donjon, the side walls being 26 feet high to the string-course
imniediatelv under the roof. The stereotyped arrangement of three doors
remains at the lower or western end ; the first two open into a room that
seems to represent the pantry with a stair leading down into the buttery, the
third and widest communicates with the kitchens. In the north-west corner
of the hall is a passage leading to the great chamber through a small square
vestibule provided with
a curious opening ap-
parently for the purpose
of kneeling down to see
the altar of the chapel
across the lantern.
F'urther along the north
wall near the dais is
the door of the chapel.
Originally there were
two large windows on
the south side of the
hall, but the western
of these was clumsilv
converted, probably in
Tudor times, into a fire-
place and chimney. Till then no doubt the hall was warmed by a brazier in
the centre. The recess of the remaining window is raised to what was
possiblv the level of the dais ; on the left side of it the narrow stair comes
from the wine cellar.' At the end of the hall above the dais are the two
arches of a mural gallery with windows behind them. This gallery is entered
from the oriole or upper floor of the chapel and has a small closet at its south
end. It seems to be at the wrong end of the hall for a minstrels' gallery.
The outer kitchen," very long and narrow, is provided with a large fire-
place with an oven on the right and circular boiler-seat on the left. A mural
' Each window-recess has a square ventilating hole in its stone roof; the gallery has two. The small
stair from the hall to the wine cellar was the regular arrangement in Scottish castles. Macgibbon and
Ross, Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, ii. p. 17. .-Mnwick and Langley have stairs of
this description.
-The inventory mentions only one kitchen. -See above, p. 65. It seems liardly possible that the
outer kitchen could have been regarded either as the buttery or the pantry.
Gkfat Kitchen of Donjon.
WARKWORTM DONJON
PLAN or FIRST TUOOR
WARKWORTM DONJON
PLAN or 5e:cond tloor
£l
nrOOKT CflAM&tR
LOWEST CnAHBCR
I UPPCR VAV/LT
VNDtK WA7CM TOWLR
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
107
Stair ascends from near the window to the second floor. The inner kitchen,
open to the roof, has huge cavernous fire-places in its north and east walls,
with numerous
mason -marks in
their chimneys. In
the south-west
corner is a small
larder, while over
the stairs coming
up from the vaults
in the north-west
corner is a curious
chamber in the
thickness of the
wall, 8 feet above
the floor, 'the little
howse within the
kitchen ' of the in-
ventory.'
The nave of
the chapel entered
from the hall near
the dais is about 25
feet in length and
12 feet in width. It
had been originallv
intended to have
had another door
opening from it into
the great chamber
immediately oppo-
site the door from Chapel of Do.mjo.n (East end).
the hall, and judging from the slop-spouts in the west wall which emptied
into the central lantern in a way not calculated to improve the purity
of the rain w'ater collected by it, the western part of this little nave
must have always retained a secular character. A wheel-stair in the south-
' See above, p. 65.
io8
W ARKWORTH PARISH.
west corner gave access to the chapel chamber over the nave as well as to the
drawing chamber. The chancel occupies both stories of the eastern semi-
octagon of the donit)n, and is four or five feet wider than the two-stoiied
nave. Three Perpendicular windows, each of six cusped lights with traceried
heads were in the east, and two similar windows in the north and south
walls. Between the three east windows and against the blank north-east and
south-east walls were stone brackets for statues with shield-bearins; ansfels
on their lower
' 1 , , sides. To the
north of the altar
was an aumbry
and to the south
a piscina and
broad sedile
under a cinque-
foiled arch. Be-
yond this is a
door leading to a
long and narrow
mural chamber,
at the back of the
dais of the hall
and above the
stair coming up
Chapel of Donjon, South Side of Altar. from the cellars
that appears to have been used by the priest. From this sort of vestry there
is a small squint in the direction of the altar of the chapel. There is a niche
containing a small pedestal for an image in the west wall. The two slits in the
north wall were probably merely for ventilation. It is not easy to determine
the use of the large altar-like slab at the south end of the vestrv.' The
chancel communicates with the eastern window-recess of the parlour through
a small mural chamber provided with a slop-spout and aumbries.
' In Hartshorne's plans of the donjon this slab has five consecration crosses niaiked upon it, as
though it were an altar. There is no trace of any such crosses, and probably there never was. Kn altar
placed east and west with a gallery over it would be an anomaly in the fifteenth century. The raised
position of this slab was rendered necessary in order to give height to the stair beneath it.
WARKWORTH CASTLE.
io^
The uses of the remaining rooms ot the donjon have to be determined
more by their sequence in the old inventory produced in 1574/ and by
general considerations based on the state of domestic habits that prevailed in
England during the fifteenth century, and still more or less survive in some
foreign countries, than bv any direct evidence that can be quoted from the
rooms themselves. In many cases the numbers of locks and keys given aid
the identification bv indicating the number of doors.
Gkeat Chamber of Donjon.
The great chamber, as the room on the north side of the chapel seems
to have been called in the inventory, was about 36 feet in length by 16 feet
in width and height. It must have been dark. Besides the eastern window-
recess alreadv mentioned as communicating with the apsidal chancel of the
chapel there is a larger recess with a window to the north and a considerable
arched cupboard on its east side. The hre-place has a remarkably deep flat
' See above, p. 65.
no WARKWORTH PARISH.
arch over it and is of much hiter character than might be expected in the
building. The iire-phicc in tiie great chamber was taken down and made
anew bv a master mason named Bhiyarde in 1533.' The great chamber was
the general living and sleeping room of the gentlemen of the family ;^ the
more secluded chamber in the northern semi-octagon beyond it was probably
the parlour mentioned in 1587' but not named for some reason in the earlier
inventorv.'' This room, 1 7 feet long bv i i feet wide, has a large window-recess
in the west wall, and a small fire-place with a curious hole inside it, possibly
for concealing treasure. There are latrines in the thickness of the east wall
of this room, and in that between it and the great chamber.
A wheel-stair ascends to the roof from just outside the door of this
parlour and communicates with the room over it, which was probably
the privy chamber. Separated from this only bv a latrine passage is the
drawing chamber of the same dimensions as the great chamber under it;''
it must, however, have been a much lighter room, owing to an additional large
recessed window on the north side. The walls are hardly 10 feet high, but
possibly it had an open timber roof. Originally this chamber could only
have been approached either through the privy chamber or by the wheel-stair
at the west end of the chapel. At the head of this stair the ladies could
convenientlv enter the oriole of the chapel — the 'chapel chamber' of the
inventorv — and cross it to the gallerv above the dais. Near the south-.vest
corner of the drawing chamber is a passage leading to a vaulted room, 10 feet
long bv 7 feet broad, immediately under the central watch-tower, and lit
from the lantern. An irregular stair winds its way in the thickness of the
partition wall between the drawing chamber and the kitchen to a similar room
above. It mav be that at first rooms so difficult of access were intended for
' See above, p. 55.
- Mr. Baring Gould, in his delightful Ohi Country Life, p. 77, expresses himself astonished that the
house of the Upcotts of Upcott, a Dexonshire family that expired in the reign of Henry V'll., had but a
single bedroom. 'There may ha\e been,' he says, 'a separate apartment for the squire and his wife over
the parlour, which was rebuilt later ; but for all the rest of the household there existed but one large
dormitory over the hall, in which slept the unmarried ladies of the family, and the maid-servants, and
where was the nursery for the babies. All the men of the family, gentle and serving, slept in the hall.'
In Poland at the present day the stereotyped arrangement of a country house is a central hall with one
wing for ladies and another for gentlemen. The squire and his wife have each their own private room at
the opposite ends of the house. In the case of a house-party beds are brought into the drawing-room for
the ladies in the evening, while the gentlemen are accommodated in the hall and dining-room, some of
the younger ones on a pinch being relegated to the hay in the barn, as described in the ' Pan Tadeusz' of
Mickiewicz, Torun, 1859, i. p. 42 '' See above, p. 67.
' .See above, p. 67. It is possibly the unnamed room following ' the wetc larder' and said to contain
bedstead, a table, a furme, a locke, and a kye.'
^ The drawing chamber, according to the inventory, had three locks and three keys ; it had three doors.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. Ill
treasure chambers,^ but it was found that the internal arrangements of the
donjon could be much improved by making an opening in the wall between
the lower of these rooms and the long chamber over the outer kitchen, thus
connecting together the whole of the second floor. This opening probably
caused a slight shrinkage of the watch-tower, and it was deemed prudent to
build it up again, red brick being the material used. Salvin refaced the
west side of the closed aperture with stone, and so obliterated all external
trace of the connection that at one time existed. A mysterious double
piscina, separated only by a very thin stone from an aumbry in the lower
turret room, is still left in the north-east corner of this narrow chamber, or
rather, perhaps, we should say broad passage, measuring as it does 36 feet by
8 feet.' Opening off this chamber or passage are a long mural chamber in
the wall of the kitchen and two small ones in the western semi-octagon of
the donjon. A door on the south side leads on to the head of the stair
coming up from the outer kitchen, and bevond this is a passage aifording
access to the larger of the two restored rooms on the south side of
the donjon, probably the ' clarke's chamber.' The smaller of these com-
manding the whole courtyard from its four windows, seems to have been
designed for occupation by the constable, as the portcullis was worked from
it, and the larger mav have been more or less of a guard room for his
men-at-arms. It was the ' studve howse ' of the inventorv, a term similarlv
applied to the uppermost room in the tower of Hulne with its charming oriole
window.^ Proceeding along the passage between these restored rooms we
reach the wheel-stair coming u)) from the entrance of the great hall, and can
mount bv it to the battlements. The central turret or 'watch house,' as
Clarkson calls it, rises 32 feet above the roof and contains three rooms, one
above the other, 'the lowest chamber,' 'the mvddest chamber,' and 'the
uppermost chamber.'
With a building of such intense interest, both in the historv of
architecture and of societv, it is vexatious to have to confess that there
' The treasure of a nobleman like the earl of Northumberland must have been more than could be
conveniently stowed away in ordinary hutches, and there can have been little possibility of deposit or
investment in medix'val Northumberland.
- It is not easy to believe that this chamber can have been used as a chapel. The east end of it must
have been extremely dark Piscinas on the north side of the altar are unusual in England. The eccle-
siastical 'aUmose' mentioned in the inventory seems to ha\e been found in this long room.
''One the south syde therof is raysed as it were a garrett with lyke battlement as the towre haith
endlon.ge all the south syde of the saide towre and in the same is a howse with a chymley
called the studve howse.' Clarkson, Survty of Hiune : Pivc. Arcli. Inst. 1S52, ii. app. p. c.\li.\.
112 WARKWORTH PARISH.
is no direct evidence to prove when or bv whom it was actually built.
Hartshorne considered that the corbel tabling and general character of the
masonrv so e.xactlv correspond with the rougher work in the Bondgate
tower at Alnwick that there was no room for doubting that both were
erected bv the second earl of Northumbei-land. The Bondgate tower, he
thought, was built in 1434, and he was disposed to consider that Warkworth
donjon was built after that, probably between 1435 and 1440.' We now
know for an absolute certainty that the Bondgate tower was begun in 1443,
and not entirely finished till 145°'' ''"'^^ though there is some resemblance
between the two buildings, it seems, owing to the different character of the
stone and masonry, to fall very short of proving the actual identity of their
origin. Warkworth donjon, with its intricate maze of chambers and
passages, must have been a masterpiece of one of the best architects of the
dav, while the Bondgate tower looks more like a rough adaptation of some
of its features bv a mere countrv builder.
On general grounds it seems improbable that a man of such power and
such ambition as the first earl of Northumberland should have done nothing
to render his favourite home more habitable and magnificent. Nor if the
donjon did not then e.xist with all the latest improvements in house-
planning, can we understand why John of Lancaster made Warkworth his
headquarters. Although documentary evidence be not forthcoming, and
architectural evidence be little favourable, it is impossible not to feel that
after all the conception, if not the completion, of this marvellous donjon may
have been the work of the first and greatest of the eleven earls of the
princelv house of Louvain.
WARKWORTH PARK AND DEMESNE.
A reference to the plan made in 1623 here reproduced will show that
the space enclosed in the bend of the river to the west of, and above, the
castle was comprised within the lord's park.
A park seems to have existed from the thirteenth centurv onward, for
Roger fitz John, who died in 1249, possessed 'a small wood called Sunder-
land of half a league in circuit.'" This was enlarged shortly before or about
' Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 207. ■ Border Holds, i. p. 21.
' ' Unus parvus boscus qui vocatur Sunderland qui habet dimidiam leucam in circuitu, ciijus herbagium
pertinet ad dominicam.' Proc. Arch. Inst. 1852. Hartshorne, p. i92.n.
WARKWORTH PARK AND DEMESNE. II3
the year 14S0 by Henrv, the fourth earl of Northumberland, who acquired
some closes and banks on the north side of the river by agreements made
with his own tenants of Birling and with the freeholders of Low Buston/
and other lands under agreement with his burgesses at Warkworth." This
enclosure, called Sunderland park, containing ' the lord's wild animals,'
must have comprised an area of upwards of 270 acres : it was well wooded
and enclosed by a pale or wooden fence, the repairs of which were a
constant source of expense. It contained the manorial mills, the rents
of which, together with the profits of the salmon fishery (often leased 'to
the same tenant), yielded no inconsiderable part of the income of the
lordship. The demesne lands lay to the south and south-east of the park :
thev are comprised in the farms now called the Maudlin, the Old-barns,
and the New-barns.
Werkeworth Burgu.m Subsidy Roll, 1296.
£ s. d. s. d.
Summa bonnruni Domini Roberti filii Rogeri ... ... 614 iinde regi 11 o\
,, Johannis de Werkeworth ... 290 „ 4 5^
Summa hujus \ illae, ^8 los. 4d. Undc domino regi, 155. 5|d.
Various items of receipts and expenditure connected with the demesne
and park are entered in the Receivers' and Bailiffs' Accounts of the earls of
Northumberland ; the following are extracts :
1471-1472. One pair of wheels, bought for the lord's waggon from John Berker of Haysand, 6s. 4d. ;
one shovel, one mattock, and one grape bound with iron, for the lord's granary, I2d. ; digging and making
ditches round the lord's demesne lands and for cutting down 60 waggon loads of thorns and underwood
for making a hedge, i6s.
The rents and issues of the demesne lands: Mawdeleyn croft, 12s.; Brademedewe, 26s. Sd.; the
Orcherd medowe, not answered for because reserved in the lord's hand for hay; agistment of cattle
feeding in the demesne lands called Sunderland and Stanecrofte, 69s. ; the Saltgrese, leased to the
tenants of Amble, 2s. 6d. ; the milnebatt, leased to the farmer of the mill, 4s.; agistment of 16 acres of
meadow in the Lees and in Salthalgh, and for two ' sperty medowe' within the demesne lands, 47s.;
Welsidmedowe, not answered for, because enclosed in the demesne ; 86 acres of demesne land north of the
Coquet, not answered for, because leased with the farm of the vill of Birling; Berne-yerd, not answered for,
because 'edificatur cum domibus pro bladis domini provendis' ; Milnemedowe, leased to Thomas Alder,
4s. ; the South-maynes, held by the vicar of the church for a term of years, 66s. Sd.; a parcel of the
demesne lands held by Thomas Berker, chaplain, for 4 years, 4d. ; the Orchard-pittes, leased to Thomas
' ' From Hewneden mouth eastward is nowe parcell of Warkworth parke and enclosed in the same by
a certaine composition maid betwixt the late earle Henry Pearsie, grandfather to my lord that nowe is,
and one Thomas Watkine.' Survey, 5 Elizabeth. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
'" About 1479 the burgesses surrendered a parcel of their common to the lord to be enclosed within his
new park in return for certain rents remitted, such as ' rekesylver' and ' watersylver,' the latter apparently
a brewery rent. Bailiflfs' Accounts ; ibiiL
Vol. V. ■ 15
114 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Berker, 3s. 4d. ; Slanecrofte, Hungreknolle, and all meadows south of the Coquet, not answered for ; Mez
\'yvers,' leased to Alder, Robinson, and Bailly for 12 years, 2s. ; Eccleshalghforth, leased to the vicar of
the church, 3s. 4d. ; sum of rents of demense lands, ;fio 2s. 2d. The corn mill, was leased to William
Mylner at ;f 10 per annum ; rent of the common oven and toll of Warkworlh, 30s., and for watersilver,
I4d. ; the ' assyse ale' was leased with the common oven.
1479-1480. Fee of Robert Purveys (30s.) and John Arnold (30s.), fishers hired to fish in the Cokket in
winter and summer, and Thomas Osbarn (16s.) and William Wayte (i6s.), fishers hired for summer
fishing in the Cokket, £a 12s.
Issues of the fishery of the Coket : Taken in the said water from 30th November, 1479, to Palm
Sunday 218 fresh salmon, making 15 seame' and 8 salmon : from Palm Sunday to Sth September 2,113
fresh salmon, making 150 seame and 13 salmon ; 484 grilses and 2,157 trouts.'-
1485-1486. Fishings: Paid for 74 'shete' of new net bought from various persons for fishing at 8d. a
sheet, 50s. id. ; paid for 4 ropes bought for fishing (4s.) and for mending the nets (8d.), 4s. 8d. ; paid to 6
men working at the repair of the fish pond for 4 days (5s. 4d.) and for 3 great locks with keys for the fish
house below the castle, and for the fish-locks at the said pond (2s. 4d.) with great nails for mending them
(4d.), and for mending boats (8d.), 8s. 8d. ; for 1 1 quarters and x boll of white salt (68s. 2d.) and 5 quarters
'salis gross' (31s. 8d.) bought from various persons for salting salmon, ^4 19s. lod. : delivered to John
Harbotyll, receiver, the price of 30 seame of salt salmon delivered to Thomas Ilderton for wine bought
from him by the lord, £12 ; delivered to the same by Thomas Berker, chaplain of the chantry within
Sunderland park assigned to him in full payment of his salary this year, 8s. 6d.
1485-1486. Farm of a close called West-mayncs held by the vicar of the church and the constable of
the castle, iocs. ; winter agistment of Brade-meadowe and Mawdeleyn close, los. 2d. ; the summer
agistment of the same, £/^ 16s. 6d. ; farm of a parcel of herbage called Salt-grysse held by the tenants of
Amble, 2s. : farm of a parcel of herbage north of the Cokette at Bowell-wele leased to the said tenants of
Amble, 6d. ; farm of a parcel of herbage called Ortyerdpittes held by Thomas Berker, chaplain, 3s. 4d.;
farm of a parcel of herbage called Eccleshalgh-forde held by the vicar of the church, 3s. 4d. ; farm of a
small close called ' lez Vyvers,' held by the widow of Henry Nawton the bailiff, 2S. ; farm of the Mylne-
batte not answered for : delivered to John Harbotyll, esq., the receiver of issues of court, common oven
and one acre of land called Hangmanacre, etc., 48s. 6d.
i486- 1487. Expense of repair of corn mill as in buying a new mill stone, buying iron with work at
the same, wages of workmen mending the pond and the fleme' and other necessary costs of the same,
28s. I id. Making a new pinfold in Sunderland park, 2s. ; getting in hay and making the same in the
said park for keeping deer (ferarum), 14s. 2d.
14S6-1487. Received for winter and summer agistment of cattle within Sunderland park beyond
summer agistment of one horse of Master Ralf Percy, one cow with a calf, one horse with a foal, of
Thomas Berker, chaplain of the chantry in the park ; 2 horses, 2 cows in winter and summer, of Richard
Makson, parker of the said park, 5s. ; farm of herbage of the closes of Brademedowe and Mawdeleyn
close, leased to various tenants, 106s. 8d.
1486-1487. Fishings: Paid for 56 ' shete' of new net bought from various persons for fishing at 8d. a
'shete,' 37s. 4d. ; cutting down and carriage of 76 waggon loads of underwood for repairing the fish pond
of Warkworth beyond 20s. allowed to the bailiff for the same, i8s.
1488-1489. Paid for making and setting up of 35 posts at |d. each, 32 rails at id. each, carriage of
the same, viz., nine waggon loads at 2d., from various places of Sunderland park to 'the Watergate' west
of the said park, for rep.airs of the same, and for carriage of timber for repair of the palings of the said
park, 5s. 3Ad.
' 'A seam or horseload,' Minshieii. 'Seam, of corne, Quarterium.' Proiiipioriinn rarvulonnii. A seam
of glass was 120 lbs. Heslop, Northumberland Words.
■ These figures may be compared with the following: In the three months of June, July, August, 1770,
there were taken by the lessees of the duke of Northumberland's fishery in the Coquet 5.826 salmon, 3,282
grilse, and 4,831 salmon trout : in 1895 there were taken 192 salmon, in 1896 71, in 1897 121, and i8g8 208
salmon. Ex inf. Mr. Robert Thompson, the present lessee of the fishery. ^ Fleme, a water course.
k
WARKWORTH PARK AND DEMESNE. I!5
1488-1489. Fishings : Paid for 4ii 'shete' of new net at various prices, with i4d. paid for carriage of
the same, 35s. 6d. ; paid for 3 quarters of 'salis gross' bought for salting the said salmon, 12s.; paid for
repairs of the fishery and mill pond (4s. lod.), and of the boat (5s. lod.), and for 4 jin bought for drawing
the said nets (4s.), 14s. 8d. ; paid to 4 fishers for their waders (ocer) in the winter (4s.), and to 2 women
for washing the salmon (4s.), 8s.
In 1512 there were 150 fallow deer in the park, classified as 'ant.' xiiij, rascall" iiij" viij,fawnez xlviij':
in the following year the numbers were 'ant. xv, rascall iiij^' xvij, fawnez Ixiiij.'
In 1 536- 1 537 Sir John Heron, knight, farmed the demesne lands called
Est-maynes, West-maynes, Bovvel-banke, Eccleshalgh, and Salt-gresse,^ and
Sir Reynold Carnaby farmed the fishery, paying for that and for the dam at
Ovington £2^^ 6s. 8d. per annum, though if the dams were ' made with stone
it would be 200 marks or ;^,"ioo a vear at least, for now every third or fourth
year it cost for repairs ^^"40 in timber which can ill be spared in North-
umberland.'^ The circumference of the park in 1537 was estimated to be
two miles, the palings were ' sore decayed so that the dere go at large where
theylyst': it then contained (besides 41 fallow deer) 2,480 young and old
oak trees valued at ^.'103 6s. 8d. and 508 ash trees valued at ^16 13s. 4d.
In 1562 Elizabeth and Nicholas Finch farmed the fishery at a rent of
^22 13s. 4d.'
In the survey of the manor and township, made about 1567, the park is
thus described :
The park of Warkworth, the auntyent name thereof ys Sunderland ;" it is adjoyninge to the west syd
of the castle, yt ys but of small quantite, albeyt the ground is much fyner gr . . . . then the ground
of Alnewyk park yt cent . * . acres of wood-land measure, and it is round about . '■■ . viz. from Cradyfargus
towre ryght overe to the park yate ys ..''■.. from thence to th' east noyke or corner of the close called
Sanct John's close' . . ''■'- . . and from westward to the west syde of Cockett water as the payle of Water-
hewgh ys . * . and from thence to Hownden-mouth is . * . and from Hounden-mouth to the mill
yate . -■'■ . and from thence to th' east corner of the payle at th' end of th' Orcharde medowe . ■■- . and
over the water Cockett to the pynd-fold . * . the payle wherof is all in decaye save onely from the
west noyke of the sayd close of Sanct John's to the water of Cockett at Watersh[augh] cont . '■= . ys well
and trymelye hedged with good and well growne quyckwood as dytched and skowred, so in all that parte
of the payle the deare shew no passage forth of the said park, all other partes thereof ys so decayed
yt . . . . the sayd park cannot be keaped without the cattle of the tennents trespassing in the
' i.e., antlered. ' Rascal deer, a lean deer, t^cw World of Words.
' Bailiffs' Accounts, Henry VIII. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' 'It' seems to mean Sir Reynold Carnaby's lease of both fisheries. Cal. of State Papers (Foreign
and Dom.), 29 Henry VIII. vol. xii. pt. 2, No. 398. ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
" On the word ' Sunderland,' cf. vol. i. p. 306. '-■■ Blank in MS.
' At the suppression of the monasteries the preceptory of the Knights Hospitallers at Mount St. John
Baptist in Yorkshire held lands in Warkworth of the yearly value of 5s. The map of 1623 shows St.
John's close to have been at the south-east corner of the park ; it was purchased by the duke of North-
umberland in 1871 from Thomas Jackson of Cherry-knowle farm, near Ryhope, in the county of
Durham, and thrown into the adjoining pasture field : its position is marked by some wild cherry trees
which were allowed to stand when the fence was taken down.
Il6 WARKWORTH PARISH.
same, and especially in winter. Within the park and witliin the firth is no wood growinye, but
there is great store of whynes which be the cheafif buil . . . the de[ar] have. In tlie body of
the park is no underwood be sowth the water, but in the b:uikes which ys one the northe syde of
the w[ater], ther is some store of underwood, and ther is growinge in the b .... of the sayd
park good store of ookes and ashes which be well keaped. There is in the park also one howse hewen
within a cradge which is called the harmitadge chapel), in the same hath bene one prest keapid which
did such godly service as that tyme was used and celebrated ; the mantion-howse is nowe in decaye,
the closes that apperteaned to the said chantry is occupied to his lordship's use. And in the sayd
parke is a coale niynde the seame iherof very thicke, the same in old tyme hath bene wrought, but yt
doth appeare that the coale ys not good, as also will take much chardg or the same be wonne to any
good purpose. My lord's game ther is well cher[ished] as also they will be cncreased, ther is within
and belonginge to that park . '■'■ . of bucks, does, and raskell or ther . . . . yfyt be thought good
that this parke shold be made sta .... considered .... of deare and other cattell to pasture,
neither in somer nor wynter.
My lord hath two water mylncs ther within the sayd parke, th' inhabitois of .Aniljlc and Hauxley,
Over Buston, Byrlinge, Acklington, and Doxden, as also Clowster-liill, Spittle, and Brodderwicke are all
throwne to grynde ther corn in the licke order as is tovvched in the tytle of other townes of Alnewycke
lordship.'
In 1570 Hall and Humberston, the royal commissioners, report that :
The parke of Warkworth lyeth on the west parte of the castell within one half myle of the same, well
replenised wyth fallow dcere, which for the most parte lye owt of the parke in great wastes overgrowen
wyth furres and whynnes by reason that the pale ys not well mayntened ; and the parke is well
replenyshed w^yth tymber and ys in compas one myle and a half.
There ys also one named Palyccr of the sayd parkes of Warkworth and .Acklyngton, whose office ys
to see the pale well mayntened and kept ; and he hath yerely for his fee 53s. 4d.-
In 1579 the East-demesne, comprising loo acres, with the Pound-close
and other small parcels were held by Thomas Bates :' who continued as
tenant until Michaelmas, 1588; in the following year his widow is entered as
tenant : the rent was ^^^ The West-demesne, comprising 104 acres, was
held by the burgesses of Warkworth.^
In 1607 Sir Ralph Grey had obtained a lease of half of the demesne at
the rent of £2^ per annum, but there was some confusion as to whether it had
been intended that he should have the east or the west side. On the 31st
of January, 1607-8, George Whitehead wrote to the earl :
Sn- Raphe Graye haythe in Ins lease the west demeisnes of Warkworth, wher in his covenante he
shoulde have the easte ; they are bothe alike rented at xxv" a piece, beinge both alike in valhve and worthe.
It is very necessary that your lordship cause tliis be altered while Sr Raphe Graye is in towne this
tearme befor he goe into the contry which he meanes presently, for it wilbe very prejudicial for your
lordship that Sr Raphe Gray shoulde enjoye that leasse. My reasone is that it joynes close to his land of
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
'' P.R.O. Miscellaneous Book, Exchequer, vol. 37, Hull and Humbcrston's Survey.
■' S toe kdale's SKJ'fO'. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. 'Ibid. ''Ibid. - Blank in MS.
WARKWORTH PARK AND DEMESNE. I ]J
Moru'ick and bounders soe neare, that hardely we can seperate them at this tyme beinge in many places
but doule' stones betwixt them for markes. Yf he enjoy it, it is very doutefull he encroche a good parte
therof before his leass determene."
Hugh and Thomas Finch held the two mills within the park under a
repairing lease at the rent of .^ lo 6s. 8d. Among the other tenants of the
demesne lands were the following, who held at the will of the lord :
Thomas Munck held a house and garden at 2s. 4d. and ' le ponde close ' at 2S. Thomas Bates,
yent., held ' le Salt-grasse ' between the Coquet and the demesne land, at 3s. ; a close called Eckelhaughe,
at 3s. 4d. ; land called Browell-banck, at 6d. ; two closes called les Mawdleyns, at 2s. ; the East-demesnes
comprising 18 acres of arable land, 12 acres of meadow, and 70 acres of pasture, at loos. ; the West-
close, at 6s. 8d. ; a burgage and a close called ' le castle close' at 6s. 8d. ; a house called ' le slaughter-
house' at 2S. Robert Browne held 2 houses in the vill of Warkworth at 2s. 6d. ; Hugh Finche held
Tybolts close at 2S. ; John Righe held 14 acres of the West-demesne previously held by Nicholas Finch,
at 13s. 4d. ; Cuthbert Hodgson held 7 acres of demesne land at 6s. 8d. ; Robert Hall held II acres of
demesne land called West Maynes at los. ; William Finch held 14 acres ibid, at 13s. 4d. ; John Singleton
held II acres ibid, at los. ; Thomas Munck held i house and 2 selions^ at 4s., and 7 acres of the West
Mains at 6s. 8d. ; John Clark held 1 messuage and 2 selions at 4s. ; Leonard Steel held 14 acres of
demesne land at 13s. 4d. ; the widow of John Jackson held 11 acres of demesne land at los. ; Nicholas
Howatson held 1 1 acres of demesne land at los. ; the burgesses of Warkworth held a parcel of land called
Tenter-heugh and New-towne of 119 selions of land and 30 acres of arable land, 37s. 5d. ; and five selions
in Endemyre paying by the hand of the grieve of Warkworth castle, I7d.'
A survey made about 1616 says :
The lord hath adjoining to the west side of the said castle a little park, the ground whereof is for the
most part good and fertile, with the river of Coquet running through a part thereof and in the same there
is good okes and ashes .... and now but little underwood, the deare being all destroyed since the
lease thereof luade to Mr. Ralphe Gray, and the pales all pulled down to the great prejudice of the lord
and damage of his tenants adjoyning.
There was no lodge standing within the park, save a house lately built by
Sir Ralph Grey, who also rented the West-demesne ; George Whitehead,
gent., held the East-demesne.' In 1625 the West-demesne and park were
held by Lord William Grey at the rent of ;^22 10s. ° Subsequently the
castle, as well as the park, was rented by Sir Francis Brandling, and
afterwards by John Blakiston, esq. In 1635 the rents of the park amounted
t*^ £3^} a"d of the demesne to ;£. 106. In 1667 Thomas Lewen, Robert
' (?) Boule stones, i.e., rounded boulders. ' Duke of Noylhuiiibcrhuid's MSS.
' Selions, the acre or half-acre strips into which the open fields w-ere divided, separated by turf baiks.
Seebohm, English Village Community, p. 461. ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
'■• Duke of Northumberland's MSS. The following is an abstract of the parcels held by Sir Ralph
Grey: The castle and mote, 'paled about with a lowe pale,' 5 acres; Orchard meadows, 7 acres; Coney-
hills lying open with the Orchard meadows, 2 acres; Broad meadow, 11 acres; New-close, 8 acres; Park
Leazes meadow, i^ acres; lane to the mill, 1 acre; Park Firth, 44 acres ; Castle-hope, 12 acres; inner
bank, 10 acres; Mill-batts, 10 acres; Stoney-croft, 17 acres; Standing-wood pasture, 82 acres: Brother-
wick banks, 49 acres; the river Coquet running all along through the park, 30 acres; sum total of site
of castle, park, and river, 309 acres. The West-demesne, 249 acres ; the East-demesne, 226 acres. Thomas
Lewen held the site of the mill, comprising iS perches, and the fishery from Walk-mill to Wheels Nook.
The sum total of demesne lands was 7S6 acres. ° The Rev. John Hodgson's Colleetioa, D, 24-26.
Il8 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Davison, and William Reed were tenants of the demesnes, and I'rancis and
Joseph Forster of the mills,' and in i6So a lease of the East-demesne'-' ' whicii
was supposed to be as good as the West-demesne,' and comprised 226 acres,
was granted to Jane Lewens, George Lawson, gent., Robert Reed, and
John Watt, at the yearly rent of ;£."52 13s. 4d. ; the line was £\ 18.
The floods which spread so great devastation over the North of England
in 1 77 1 are often noted and referred to in the local annals, but seventy-four
years before, a flood, hitherto unrecorded, did much damage in Coquetdale.
On the 3rd of January, 1696/7, William Locke, one of the officers of the duke
and duchess of Somerset, writing from Alnwick castle to Mr. George Thornton
at Northumberland house, savs :
I was at W'arkworlh dam a few dayes since, and then I could not peiseive what more damage the
late floods had made, the water being above all ; but yesterday I spoke with Wm. Milbourne, who tells
me it still stands very firme, and he cannot see any more damage done but one of the springers that
lay exposed at the north end of the new worke which, with ice or timber comeing downe, the water
hath broken it, the storme is gon very well away. 1 think it will be money cast away to sett in rice'
into the breach and the unfinished roomes, for the whole weight of the water and the ice goes better
away thorough the breach then it would have gotten away if it had been stopt with rice. 1 hope we
shall now have good weather that the husbandman may goe againe to the plough ; we have little wheate
sowen this years.'
The West-demesne was, for many generations, tenanted by the families of
Davison and Watson. Robert Davison was a tenant as early as 1658, when he
was accused of irregularly taking eight of the great oak trees growing in the
park to use for a house he was building there.' In 1692 he (or another of
the same name) took a lease of the castle, park and West-demesne comprising
559 acres at the yearly rent of ;^ioo, paying a fine of ^120. At the death of
John Davison,^ in 1734, his leasehold premises fell to his two daughters and
' Warkworlh Coiirl Rolls.
■ 1710. Tenants of East-demesne: Jane Lewins, widow, Robert Reed, George Lawson, gent., and
John Watts, viz., the castle and mote, containing 5 a. o r. 17I p.; Broad meadow, 11 a. 3 r. 27I p.: New-
close and 'mencon' of two ancient lands, 8 a. o r. 20 p ; castle gardens, 2 a. 3 r. 37;^^ p. ; Barn-close,
4 a. I r. 14 p.; Little Maudlins, 7 a. 2 r. 22i p.; Great Maudlins, 18 a. i r. 34 p.; I5road meadow,
32 a. o r. 39 p. ; Bowll-bank, 22 a. o r. 7J p. ; West-close, 10 a. 2 r. ij p. ; Pond-close, 3 a. ; Salt-haugh,
90 a. o r. 25 p.; Whinney-close, 28 a. 3 r. 27! p.; Waugh {sic} to the Salt-haugh, 6 a. 2 r. ]Varkworth
Court Rolls. The mencon or mension was the course or track of a dilapidated boundary dike.
' Brushwood used to bed in with stones in the weiring of rivers is called rice. Heslop, Northumberland
Words.
'Endorsed '1696. Letters from .Mr. Locke about damage the floods had made at Warkworth.'
Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ' Cf. vol. ii. p. 434.
° 1710. Tenant of West-demesne and park: John Davison, viz.. Orchard meadow, 7 a. 2 r. 31 p.;
Coney-hills lying open with Orchard meadow, 2 a. i r. 15 p.; Park lease, 15 a. 2 r. 37^ p.; lane to mill,
I a. I r. 36 p.; Park-fryth, 44 a. o r. 29I p.; Calf-close, 12 a. 2 r. loj p.; inner bank, 10 a. 2 r.; Mill-batts,
10 a. 3 r. 30 p. ; Stoney-crofts, 17 a. o r. 16 p. ; Standing wood, 82 a. 2 r. 24 p.; Brotherwick banks lying
between the river and the north side of tlie park, 49 a. o r. 29^ p.; Low Hope, 92 a. i r. 36 p.; Black-
acres, 107 a. 3 r. 7i p.; Far-side, 49 a. i r. 35 p. Warkn'orth Court Rolls.
WARKWORTH PARK AND DEMESNE.
119
co-heiresses, Margaret, wife of Thomas Watson of Ne\vton-by-the-sea, and
Elizabeth, wife of William Smith of Togston. The lease was renewed in
1754, in favour of Watson and of his nephew, Thomas Smith, who, by
articles of agreement dated the 21st of March of that year, divided and
apportioned the West-demesne and park' in such a manner that the northern
part and the homestead, now known as the Old-barns, fell to the former, and
the southern portion, now called the New-barns farm, to the latter. Watson's
descendants retained the tenancy of his moiety until 1877.
DAVISON AND WATSON OF WARKWORTH BARNS.
Robert Davison of Warkworth ; was 66 years of age in 1695 (//) ; buried =
lolh Aug., 1711 («) ; will dated 3rd Feb., 1710/1 ; proved 1711 («). 1
Elizabeth Heron
of marriage,
Feb., 1692.
bond =
24th
= Robert Davison, vicar of Wark- =f Isabella, daughter of John Proctor of Shawdon ;
worth ; buried ; will married at Bolton chapel, 18th July, 1700;
dated 27th Dec, 1701. bond of marriage, gth July, 1700.
Robert Davison, baptised 9th, buried lOthApril, 1701 («).
I
John Davison of Warkworth High Barns ;
was 34 years of age in 1695 (Ji) ; buried
2nd Feb., 1733/4 (") ; »ged 73 (/) ; ad-
ministration to personal estate, 4th Feb.,
'733/4i granted to Jane, the widow (e).
= Jane ... Thomas Davison of
Barnhill ; buried
15th July, I736{");
will dated 2nd
Dec, 1735 ; proved
I2lh Aug., 1736
(•■)■
Jill
Margaret ; married 26th April, 1692(17),
Thomas Brown of East Chevington [a),
Elizabeth ; named in her father's will.
... ; married Thomas Forster of Shield-
field. Newcastle, ^l'
... ; married Edward Brown of East
Chevington.
Robert, bap-
tised
22nd
Oct.,
1703
(«);
bur-
ied
30th
April
i7o.i
(.")■
Elizabeth, daughter and co-
heiress, baptised 17th Dec,
i6g5 (a) ; married (i) 1st
June, 171 3, William Smith
of Togston (a), and (2) 20th
June, 1717, Joseph Cook of
Newton-on-the-moor (a).
^^
From whom Smith of Togston.
Margaret, daughter and
co-heiress, baptised 8th
Oct., 1707 (a) ; mar-
ried 29th Nov., 1730
(fi). ? [25th May, 1784,
Margaret Watson of
Warkworth buried (a).]
Thomas Watson of Newton-
by-the-sea, for lands at
which place he voted in
1722 and 1748 (c) ; of
Wooden in 1730 (a) ;
afterwards of Warkworth
Barns ; buried 8th June,
1767 (a).
I
Jane, bap-
tised 14th
Oct., 171 1
(a).
(a) Wailmml/i Regis/fr. (/i) Exc/:eijii,-y Df/iositioiis, IthVlWW.xm \\\. (c) Poll Book.
(c) Dinhain Registry. (/) Border Holds ^ i. p. 419.
' The Rev. John Hodgson's Collection. Watson's portion included the Pale-end close and banks
(74 acres); the park, 57 acres; the Forth, 40 acres; the Park Leazes and New-close, 26 acres ; the
Orchard meadow, 19 acres; the fatting pasture, 19 acres; the Calf-close, 3 acres; the stack garth and
towngate, 2 acres; and a portion of Gilden-close, amounting to 15 acres. The farm of Old-barns,
comprising 221 acres, was, in 1777, granted in lease to Henry Cramlington, who was sticceeded by John
Reed, and he by his son, Thomas Reed, who continued to be tenant until 1S77. in which year the land
was let to Mr. William Miller, the present tenant.
Smith's portion included the Whinny Reanes, 44 acres ; the K .... 28 acres ; the Middle-
close, 13 acres; the High field, 31 acres; the Fox-holes, 19 acres; the Fourteen Havers, 16 acres;
the Redside-close, etc., 29 acres ; the south part of Gilden-close, 19 acres. The farm of New-barns,
containing 183 acres, was, in 1777, let to William Clifton, and shortly afterwards to John Miller,
whose descendants still retain the tenancy.
I20
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Mary, daughter of John
Breyiiton, D.D.l.)xon.,
of Kglwysilian, Monl-
gomcryshire, first in-
cumbent of St. Paul's,
Halifax, in Nova
Scotia ; married at
Halifax ; she bore
her husband 5 sons
and S daughters, and
died at the age of 35 ;
bi;ried 2nd Jan., 1794
Thomas Watson, bap-
tised 2ist Nov.,
17S5 (a) ; u lieu-
tenant in 65th Regi-
ment of Foot ; died
at Dhow in India,
2:st Oct., 1805 ((f).
John Watson of Wark- ■■
worth, baptised 2lst
Jan., 1740/1 («) ; a
captain in 65th Regi-
ment ; fought at the
battle of Bunker's Hill ;
was major of the Percy
Tenantry Volunteers ;
died I3lh Jan., buried
1 6th Jan., 1S07. aged
67 (n) ; will dated 31st
Dec, 1806 ; proved
1807 ; ' all to eight
children now unmar-
ried ' (^).
Margaret,
dau. of
Richard
Clutter-
buck of
Warkworth ;
articles be-
fore mar.,
I7tli April,
1805 ; mar-
ried 20th
April, 1805
William, bap.
31st May,
1743 ; died
at Wark-
worth Barns ;
buried 13th
April, 1751(a).
Thomas,
born at
Warkworth
Barns ; bap-
tised 1st Mar.,
1747/8 (a).
Elizabeth, bap. ... ; mar. 26th
April, 1756, Henry Cram-
lington of Birling ; buried
8th Jan, 1803 ; aged 73 (a).
Mary, born at Warkworth
Barns; bap. 21st Aug., 1735
Margaret, born at Waikworth
Barns ; bap. 15th Oct., 1737
(a) ; mar. loth Sept., 1771,
William Landon of the par-
ish of Chatham (a).
I I
Catherine, born at Warkworth Barns, bap. 7th May, 1745 (")•
.Anne, born at Warkworth Barns; bap. 1st Feb., 1749 (a) ;
buried 24th April, 1751 (a).
I I I
John ; bur.
8th Sept.,
17S5 (a).
John! died in
Johnjinfancv.
Samuel, born 18th Dec,
1789 ; bap. 27th July,
1790 (a) ; drowned
in river Coquet with
two others by the up-
setting of a boat ;
bur. 20th April, 1818
(a).
MM
Elizabeth, baptised Slh June, 1777 (a) ; mar. 22nd
Sept., 1802 (a), John Reed of the Craig, par. of
Corsenside, and of Acklington park, woollen
manufacturer, subsequently of Warkworth Barns.
Mary Anne.
Margaret, born at Chatham in 1782 ; will dated
l6th Sept., 1857 ; proved at Newcastle, 1862.
Jane, baptised 13th Sept., 1786 (a) ; died unmar-
ried, 2nd June, 1S19 (<i) (a).
Charlotte, born 25th Oct., 17S7 ; baptised 27th July,
1790 (a) ; married 4th June, 1817 (a), the Hon.
Thomas Erskine (fourth son of John Francis Erskine,
the restored earl of Mar), of Trinity college, Cambridge,
some time chaplain to the Forces at the Cape of Good
Hope, subsequently vicar of Beighton in Derbj-shire ;
she died in 1S76. 4,
Frances, born 4th Nov., 1788; bap. 27th July, 1790
(a) ; died 7th Dec, 1S19, unmarried (a') (a).
Anna Maria ; died 7th, bur. 21st June, lSf)8,aged
71 (a) ; will dated i6th Sept., 1857 ; letters of
adm. with will annexed granted at Newcastle,
17th Sept., iS68,to her sister Charlotte Erskine.
Isabella ; bur. I2th Dec. 1815, aged 22 years (a).
(a) WarJhvorti Register.
(</) .Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commm-piace Bcok.
[e) Durham Registry.
Evidences to Davison Pedigree.
1690, loth Oct. It was found that Mr. Robert Davison of Warkworth Barns had purchased a burgage from
John Thompson of Newcastle, merchant. Warkworth Court Rolls.
1710/11, 3rd Feb. VVill of Robert Davison of Warkworth, gentleman. To my daughter, .\fargaret Brown, one
cow ; to my daughters, Elizabeth Davison and Margaret Davison, each a mourning ring. To my son, Thomas
Davison, my third part of a burgage, etc., in Warkworth, given me by the will of my son, Robert Davison, deceased.
Residue to my said son Thomas ; he executor. Proved 171 1. Durham Probate Registry.
1733, 4th Feb. Administration of the personal estate of John Davison of Warkworth granted to Jane Davison,
the widow. Effects snorn under ^600. Thomas Davison of the chapelry of Brainshaugh was surety to bond. Ibid.
1735, 2nd Dec. Will of Thomas Davison of Barnhill, yeoman. 1 give my house at Warkworth (formerly
belonging to George James) to Margaret Cook, daughter of Thomas Forster, late of the Shieldfield, deceased. She
executrix. Proved 12th Aug., 1736. JUd.
1770,9th March. Will of Margaret Cook of Barnhill, widow. I give all my estate to my nephew, Henry
Tomlin of Barnhill. grnt ; he executor. Proved 1773. Ibid.
THE CHAPEL OF ST. MARY MAGDALEN. 121
THE CHAPEL OF ST. MARY MAGDALEN.
The site of the chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, outside the town of
Warkworth, is believed to have been in the slack or hollow about loo
yards to the north of the present homestead of the Maudlin farm. It was
within the lord's demesne, and was given by Robert fitz Roger (d. 12 14)' to
the prior and convent of Durham. The grant comprised the chapel, the
garden, and the land within the ditch belonging to it, and in addition, 40 acres
of the demesne land nearest the outside of the ditch, viz., 26 acres and 3 roods
in the ploughed field nearest to the chapel, towards the south, and 13 acres and
I rood in the ploughed field nearest the chapel, towards the west, pasture for
6 oxen, 4 cows, and 40 sheep alongside the lord's own beasts ; the grain
growing on the lands so given was not to pay multure at the lord's mill.-
He also granted a rent charged on Warkworth mill for a light at St.
Cuthbert's shrine.'
The grant of the chapel was confirmed and augmented by the founder's
son, John fitz Roger (d. 1240), in somewhat varied terms, for he gives six
score acres of arable land in Warkworth field, with free ingress and egress
for mowing, tedding, and carrying a meadow called Brainesleie within the
park, a salt-pan, and fuel to be taken from the same moss whence he took his
' For the identification of the fotuider with Robert fitz Roger (d. 12 14) against Robert fitz Roger
(d. 1310) see Bates, Border Holds, i. p. 88.
- ' Robertus filius Rogeri . . . Deo at Beatae Mariae et Sancto Cuthberto at priori et monachis
Dunehiiensis ecclesiae, in purani et perpetuam elemosinam, capellam Sanctae Mariae Magdelenae extra
villam de Werlcewrtha, cum gardino et terra infra fossatum ad ipsam capellam pertinente. Et insuper xl
acras terrae de dominie meo propinquiores extra praedictum fossatum, videlicet, xxvj acras et iij rodas in
cultura versus le Suth propinquiore de capella, et xiij acras et j rodam in cultura versus le West propin-
quiore de eadem capella, et pasturam \-j bobus et iiij vaccis et xl ovibus, cum propriis averiis meis. cum
quietantia multurae, de propriis laladis suis quae crescent in terra ilia. . . . Hiis testibus, Rogero
constabulario Cestriae. Gaufrido Cestriae, Johanna filio Roberti, \'incentio de Hwitinghain, Gaufrido
Grosso, Roberto de Kent. Roberto capellano, Magistro Symone, Alexandre de Littlebiri, Waltero de
Coleham, Hugone Scotlo, Roberto filio Ricardi, Willelmo de Maringni at multis aliis.' i'"" i"""' Spec. 50.
Durham Treasury.
s ^tii vuip Sacr. No. 3. 'Universis Sanctae Matris Ecclesiae filiis ad quos presans scriptum pervanerit,
Robertus filius Rogeri salutem. Sciatis me divini amoris intuitu et pro salute animae meae at uxoris
maaa at heredum maorum dadisse, concessise at praasanti carta mea confirmasse Deo et Beato Cuthberto
et priori et monachis Dunelmen. m puram et perp. elemosinam ad luminare circa corpus Beati Cuthbarti
viginti solidos in molendino meo in Wcrkewurda annuatim parcipiandos ad festum Sancii Johannis Baptistae
per manum ipsius quicumqiia fuerit in eadem villa da Warkewurda ballivus mans at heredum maorum.
Hiis testibus, Philippo Dunelm. Episcopo, Rogero Bigot Comite Northfolcansi. Comite D.avid fratre
Regis Scotiaa, Henrico de Boun Comite Herafordiae. Rogero de Laci constabulario Cestriae, Eustachio
de \'esci, Roberto de Ros, Willelmo de Albenei, \'incantio da Whitinggingham, B'ther da Sancto
Audemaro, Willelmo de Sparham, Rogario filio Willalmi et multis aliis.' Same seal, but finer impression,
as that to i'"" i"'"« Spec. 50. Ihid.
Vol. V. 16
122 WARKWORTH PARISH,
own, sufficient for two monks at the chapel. He also gives pasture for 12
oxen, 5 cows, 4 horses, and for six score of sheep in his own pasture
alongside his own animals, and for 20 swine to feed in the park from
Michaelmas to Martinmas without paving pannage.' The master of Wark-
worth is mentioned in the bursar's accounts of Durham in 1292.'
An augmentation of the endowment of the monks serving the chapel was
granted by Reginald, son of Thomas de Insula, who gave them a tenement at
Newton, near Harbottle, in Upper Coquetdale,^ and in 1400 Henrv Percy,
earl of Northumberland, confirmed the grant of the Maudelyn land and of a
rent-charge out of the mill.^ On the 30th of Mav, 1406, Henrv IV. directed
his son, John of Lancaster, whom he had appointed to be warden of the East
Marches, and to whom he had in the previous year given the baronies of
Alnwick, Prudhoe, and Langley,'^ to restore to the prior and convent the
chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, which the attainted earl of Northumberland
had held on lease." On the same dav a mandate was issued to the receiver
of Warkworth castle to pav 20s. to the sacrist of Durham from Warkworth
mills, then in the king's hands through the same forfeiture.'^ On the 12th of
Mav, 1 41 3, John of Lancaster, being at Warkworth, confirmed the prior
and convent in their possession.*"
The custom of granting the chapel glebe on lease to the earl of
Northumberland was resumed bv the prior and convent. The annual rent
' 'Johannes filius Robeiti . . . Deo et Beatae Mariae et Sancto Cuthberto et priori at mnnachis
Dunelm. ecclesiae. in puram et perpetiiam elemosinam, capellam Sanctae ^lariae Magdalenae extra
villam de Werckewrthe, cum gardino et terra infra fossatum ad capellam pertinente. et insuper sexcies
viginti acras terrae arabilis in campo de Werckeuurtbe, cum prato, quod vocatur Brainesleie, in parco
nieo, ad quod falcandum, levandum et cariandum habebunt liberum ingressum et egressum sine aliquo
impedimento, et absque alio dampno praedicto parco meo ab ingredientibus ct egredientibus inferendo.
Et j salinam, et focale de turba sufficiens ij monacbis ibidem residentibus capiendum ubi ad opus meum
capio. Et ut molant sine multura de propriis bladis suis quae crescent in terra ilia. Et pasturam ad xij
bovcs et V vaccas et iiij equos et sexcies viginti oves in propria pastura mea cum propriis animalibus
meis. Et xx porcos liberos a pannagio in parco meo a festo Sancti Michaelis usque ad festum Sancti
Martini . . . Hiis testibus, Willelmo de Coiners, Widone de Grantsart, Willelmo Baiard. Walerando
milite. Johanne de Winlaketon tunc senescballo meo, Waltero et Robeito de Monasteriis, Girardo de
Widrington, (jilberto de Tog-gisdene, Magistro Rogero de Toggesden, Adam de Dicton, Roberto genero
Huwrd, Pagano praeposito, Roberto tinctore et aliis.' I'"" l™"" Spec. 51. Durham Treasury.
■ Durham Account Rolls, Fowler, vol. ii. p. 372 ; Surtees Soc.
' ' Reginaldus filius Thomae de Insula . . . priori et conventui Dunelm. et inonacbis ejusdem
loci apud donium Beatae Mariae Magdalenae extra Werkeworth commorantibus et eorundem succes-
soribus totam terram et totum tenementum cum omnibus pertineuciis, quae de eis tenui in Neuton juxta
Herbotill . . . Hiis testibus, Domino Hugone Gubyon, Simone de Pleisis, Roberto de Bidd' et
multis aliis.' Reg. prim. fo. 51, a. Durham Treasury.
t I ™» I "•"''Spec. 54. DurhamTreasury. lAa\ne,North Durham, app.p. 142. ^ Bntes.BorcferlJohis.l.p. log.
' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 142. Bates, Bonier Holds, i. p. 109.
7 ^tn jcio c;^(,,._ 2g Durham Treasury. Raine, North Durham, app. p. 143.
» ,mri ,m,„- 5jpg(-_ j(, Durham Treasury.
THE CHAPEL OF ST. MARY MAGDALEN. 1 23
paid in 1430/ 1438,- 1446/ 1488,* and 1489' was 26s. 8d., which payment
seems to have been regarded subsequently as a perpetual annuity or rent-
charge." In 1509 it was paid to Robert Dodds, the chaplain who held a
licence to prosecute his studies at Oxford."
For provisioning his household, the earl of Northumberland used to
farm the rectorial or corn tithes accruing from some of the neighbouring
townships, which, in harvest, were carted to Warkvvorth and stacked at the
homestead near the chapel.**
That the chapel'' was in existence in the vear 1536 mav be inferred from
an entry in the Bailiffs' Accounts of the earl of Northumberland of a payment
for the repair of the roof,'" and the bursar's accounts of the prior and
convent of Durham for 1539 show the receipt of 26s. 8d. from the earl, 'for
the ferm of the chapel of Bl. Mary Magdalen, and its lands in the park of
Aclyngton.'"
' Fcodariiim Priordtus Dunclmcnsis, Greenwell, p. 2; Surtees Soc. No. 58.
"26s. 8d. 'pro firma capellae Beatae Maiiae Magdalenae et pro 120 acr. terr. arab. et pro prato
vocatur Biaynley infra parcum de Aklyngton et patet per cartam Joh. fil. Robert!.' Compotus Cclerarii
Dunelm ' ; Durham Account Rolls, p. 63, Fouler ; Surtees Soc. No. 99.
' Inventory of the goods, movable and immovable, live stock, rents, tithes, etc., of the priory of
Durham, 1446. Warkworth. ' Terrae ibidem dimittunter comiti Northumbriae pro xxvj' viij'' per
annum, tamen xij annis ultimo elapsis nichil solvit pro eisdeni.' Hist. Dunelm. Scriptorcs Trcs. p. ccxc;
Surtees Soc. No. 9.
' Duke 0/ Northumberland's MSS. At the same audit John Harbottle, the earl's receiver, was also
allowed 40s. for an annual payment to the prior and convent of Tynemouth, out of the corn mill of
Warkworth.
' 14S8-1489. 'Et in solucionibus factis priori et conventui Dunelm. (26s. Sd.) pro terra dominicali de
Werkworth vocata Mawdeleynfeld pertinente castro de Weikeworth et sacristae ejusdem loci (205.) pro
quodam lumine circa tumbam .Sancti Cuthberti annuatim inueniendo, exeunte de molendino granatico de
W'crkeworih videlicet pro hoc anno ut in annis praecedentibus, 46s. 8d.' Receivers' Receipts and Dis-
bursements, 5 Henry VII. Duke of Northumberland's .MSS.
' 151S-1519. Paid to the sacrist of Durham abbey for finding a light round St. Cuthbert's tomb (20s.)
yearly, and for a rent to the prior issuing from the demesne lands of Warkworth (26s. 8d.), 46s. 8d. Duke
of Northumberland's MSS.
' 1 508- 1 509. Annuity granted to Robert Doddes, chaplain, for his exhibition at Oxford, by the earl's
warrant dated at Wodstok, 8th Sept., 1507. Receipts and Disbursements, 24 Henry VII. Ibid.
' '534-1535- To Thomas Hedle and Thomas Blakston for collecting the tithes of Morek (2s.) and
for watching the tithes of Morek and Hadston (8d.). To John Daweson for collecting the tithes of
Hadston (6d.). To John Hall and Robert Bayerd for carriage of grain from .Morek to the chapel of Saint
Mary Magdalene. Bailiffs' .-Accounts, Henry VIII. Ibid.
' It is now generally thought that the Benedictine cell and chapel which stood near the parish church
to which Bishop Farnham appropriated the church of Branxton (see p. 195 post) may have belonged to
this foundation.
'° 1536-1537. The follow^ing payments are entered in the Bailiffs' Accounts : ' pro cariagio j plaustri
slates usque capellam Sancte NIarie Magdalene ij'', pro cariagio ij plaustrorum tabuli et calcis adusti usque
capellam predictam ij''.' Bailiffs' Accounts, 28 Heniy VIII. Ibid.
" Feodarium Py. Dun. p. 305.
124
WAKKWOK I'H PARISH.
WARKWORTH HERMITAGE.
Xortluimberland possesses a long roll of hermits. In the Book of Life,
once placed on the high altar of Lindisfarne, their names follow immediately
after those of the queens and abbesses, before those of the abbots.^ But in
the land of St. Aidan and St. Cuthbert, St. Bartholomew and St. Henrv, the
hermitage 'bilded in a rocke of stone within the parke of Warkworth in
s?. ^^
^/-l
EXTEKIOK OF THE HeKMITAGE.
honour of the blessed Trynete' is now unique ; in all England its one rival
in interest is Guy's Cliff, near Warwick, a possession likewise of the Percy
family. Although so near the cell of Coquet Island the contrast is as great
as that between St. Herbert's anchorage embowered on Derwentwater and
the wild retreat of his great companion in death among the breakers and
sea-fowl of Fame. The row up the river with the receding and reflected
' Liber ViiiC, p. 6, Surtces Soc. No. 13.
WARKWORTM HERMITAGE
SCALE OF TEET
riRST FLOOR PLAN
ROCK
CROVND FLOOR PLAN
WARKWORTH HERMITAGE.
125
-^-^
castle and the darting silvery fish forms an admirable prelude : we seem to
have left the cold nineteenth century on the right bank of the Coquet and
to be landed in a world of mediccval glamour.
We pass the hermit's well' and wend our
way under the great beeches^ between the cliffs
and the river till we see the rough steps on the
right ascending to the door of the rock-hewn
sanctuarv. A small seat has been cut out on
either side of the little porch formed in the
thickness of the rock : over the inner door is a
rood, the Saviour stretched on the transverse
limbs of the cross between vague outlines of the
Virgin and St. John. We enter the chapel :
o v e r the
inner d o o r-
head are still
one or two
letters of the
The Rood.
inscription,
jfnciimt imbt laci^mic mcir panes &te nc
noctc;' the shield with the figure of a
gauntlet has disappeared.'' Over the door-
wav immediatelv opposite, which leads into
' This is a shallow ' ihip-wcU' supplied by a conduit that
is easily obstructed.
- Many of the trees seem to have been planted since
1767, when the Rev. Wilfrid Lavvson told Bishop Percy that
' the wood reached down to the water edge, but part of it
was cut up a few years agoe to repair the mill-dam above.'
Border Holds, i. p. 420. Wallis speaks only of the ' spread-
ing oaks and brushwood' above the rocks.
' ' My tears have been my meat day and night.'
Ps. xlii. 3. Hartshorne, Proc. of Arch. Inst. 1852, ii.
p. 216.
^ 'Above the inner door of the vestibule is a shield bearing the remains of some arms, by some taken
to be the figure of a gauntlet: but as it is generally believed one of the Bertrams formea this hermitage,
so it is probable that this shield (the remains of which seem to correspond therewith) bore the Bertram's
arms, or, an orl, azure.' Mackenzie, View of Northumberland, 1825, ii. p. 118. All antiquaries know how
easy it is to see the mitre of the abbot of Trotcosey when their brains are working in that direction.
Wallis, too, ii. p. 355, mentions 'a scutcheon of arms now effaced,' but places it ' o\er the entrance into
the chamber' (i.e., the inner chapell; this cannot be the shield still there as in Bishop Percy's time:
' .\nd in a little scutcheon hung the cross and crown and spear.' The other shield was disregarded,
it did not fit in with the Bertram hypothesis. •
'*^*f'
The E.mblems of the Passion.-
126
W'AKKWORTH PARISH.
another chapel, the shieltl carved with the emblems of the Passion'
remains, but the verse, H)cC»ciunt in cscam meam tcl : et in siti mca potavcnint
mc acctO,-' is entirely gone.
The chapel is about
1 8 feet long, 7 feet
wide and 7 feet high
to the central bosses
of the three bavs into
which it is divided. Of
these the western and
the central are reirularlv
groined, the eastern
with diatronal ribs onlv.
Pillars, ribs, tracery,
mouldings, everything in
the cha
pel
IS
hewn out
The Oi'TER Chapel.
of the solid white free stone. At the east end
is the one altar in Northumberland that was not
overthrown or defaced during the great religious
upheaval of the sixteenth centurv." The front is a
plain sunk moulded panel : no dedication crosses
Figure in Niche.
' The full blazon would be : ' /;; saltirc a hammer ami a spear, over all, on a mouni, a eross ragiily, in ilie
dexter cliief tlie crown of tliorns, in tlie sinister three nails, and in base fonr hyssop flowers.'
■'They gave me gall for my meat and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink.' Ps. Ixix. 2t.
The Rev. Wilfrid Lawson told Bishop Percy that he remembered 'part of a Latin sentence near the
scutcheon over the door on the north side, viz., ]£5Ca lUea,' etc. Border Holds, i. pp. 419. 420.
^ There appears to be a small altar slab in the chapel of Chipchase tower.
WARKWORTH HERMITAGE.
127
are now visible. In the rock immediately behind is a small niche in which
a crucifix was probably placed : just under the vaulting above are faint traces
in fresco of a head with a cruciferous aureole.
To the south of the altar, an arched recess, lit
bv two rough lancets, contains a columnar piscina
ivsterious group of figures. Kneeling in
a niche of the west wall,
a man, clad apparently in
skins, the right hand held
up against the face, the
,; jji elbow resting in the left,
' '' is wrapt in contemplation
Figure of Lady. r . , , , > „^i:„;, ,„
of a nimbed lady, rechnmg
rather than recumbent.
Between them, close to
the piscina, is the head
of an ox, bull, or cow ;
near the ladv's left shoul-
der, the figure of an angel
or child.
The chapel seems
to have been roughlv
blocked out in the first
instance, and the carving
to have been executed
by a more skilled hand.
The pillar caps in the
eastern corners rest on
the altar ; of the four
semi-octagon pillars of
the central bav the
south-east is more or-
nate than the north-
east, the south - west
than the south-east, and
the north-east the most
Recess South_of Ai-Tak,
128
WARKWORTH PARISH.
West End of the Outer Chapel.
tion of the chapel, or the doors would
have been placed in the exact centre
of the sides of the western bav.
elaborate of all both in cap
and base. This increased
ornamentation probably in-
dicates the order in which
thev were finished. The
quarter-pillars in the west-
ern corners of tlie chapel
are still left in the rousrh,
as also are the round bosses
of the vaulting, showing that
something occurred to inter-
fere with the completion of
the original design. The
pillars niav be of almost
any date in the fourteenth
centurv. Both pillars and
vaulting are probably subse-
quent to the original e.Kcava-
Hagioscope,
Tracery between the Altars.
WARKWORTH HERMITAGE.
129
On the north side of the altar step a window with four low lights and an
elaborate head of trefoil and qnatrefoil tracery, apparently of the latter part
of the fourteenth century, has been pierced through the rock to the inner
chapel for the purpose of light, air, and sound ;
Bishop Percy most improperly called it
The lattice for confession framed.
A hagioscope of three plainer lights (the
mullions all broken awav) is placed in the
same partition in the eastern half of the
central bay : opposite, not quite in the middle
of the bay, is a flat arched opening with a
basin — the ' holy water vase ' of the ballad —
and a plain quatrefoil window. In the west
wall of this outer chapel are four irregular slits
opening from what was possibly a dormitory.
OUATREFOIL WiNDOH
The inner chapel is in
all probability more ancient
than is the outer one
in its present form ; it
is nothing more than
a long, narrow cave,
with the hagioscope^
and traceried window
in the south wall and
a small niche as a
piscina between them.
The altar, approached
bv two steps, has been
barbarously hacked
away, probably by
treasure-seekers, who
found the rock behind
it had a hollow sound
owing to a natural
cleft. North of the
altar steps is an aumbry, possibly for the reservation of the sacrament.
' Two marks on the floor of the inner chapel, at the spot where a person kneehng could behold the
pyx above the altar, are traditionally said to have been worn by the hermit's knees
Vol. V. 17
The Inner Chapel.
I30
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Near the mouth of the cave, bevond the door of communication between the
two chapels, a seat has been cut out in the north wall. A doorway, of which
onlv the eastern jamb with the bolt-hole is left, leads to the rock-roofed
eastern end of what seems to have been the dormitorv :' the level is hi,a;her
than that of the larger chapel, and it is necessary to kneel down to look into
it through the four slits. A slit higher up in the south wall opens into a
recess provided with a seat originally approached, perhaps, along a shelf of
rock from the chapel porch. The mouth of the chapel-cave, during the
latter portion of its use, was closed bv a circular-headed window with
indications of iron bars having been fixed both in the head and the jambs.
The fact of there being a step down to it suggests that it was originally a
door. A fall of rock may verv possibly have destroyed the remains of an
earlier cell to the west of the present one.
On the right of the stairs leading up to the chapel-porch is the hermit's
oven with the hearthstone nearlv perfect : near it a gooseberry bush still
marked the site of his garden in 1767.' Above is a rough door-case in the
rock with a break-neck stair ascending to his orchard at the top of the
cliff : old cherrv-trees still stood here in the beginning of the eighteenth
centurv.' It is a question whether the small vard at the base of the chapel-
rock containing the oven and a small drip-well was not either enclosed or
intended to be enclosed in a long lean-to. There are signs of a rough
outer wall and of rafter-holes in the rock above.'' A door, now built up,
seems designed to have led into this vard from the entrance passage of the
large kitchen, which formed the basement of the living house. The orchard
stair probably came down close to the face of the rock into a passage just
insid'^ the vard door, and the chapel stairs may have branched off from it,
making the whole hermitage self-contained, with a lower door towards the
river and an upper door towards the orchard. Judging from the masonry,
'The Rev. Wilfrid Lawson told Bishop Percy that he remembered 'a pillar standing in the
hermitage between the antechapel and vestry, that had a very picturesque appearance.' Border Holds,
i. p. 419. By 'the antechapel' he meant the inner chapel, and by the 'vestry' probably what it seems
reasonable to call the dormitory.
- ' At the bottom of the hill (was his garden, where a gooseberry bush is still extant. Mr. Lawson
remembers cherrie trees at the top of tlie cliff) are still scattered flowers and shrubs that have sown
themselves ever since the original plantation.' Bishop Percy's MSS.; BonUr Holds, i. p. 417.
' Ibid. The grant of the hermitage to George Lancastre in 1531 carefully distinguishes 'the garden
and the orteyarde.'
' It seems incredible that the hermit's cowhouse and st.able can have been placed so near the chapel,
but it is not easy now to determine where the considerable farm buildings required for his bull and twelve
cows with their' calves and two horses were situated. Border experience would necessitate their being
housed every night somewhere near the hermitage. Unfortunately we do not know in which directioi^
their pasture 'called cony garth' lay.
WARKWORTH HERMITAGE.
131
the kitchen appears to have been built up against the south-west corner ot
the chapel-rock at the end of the fifteenth century ; the great fire-place in the
south wall looks of even later date. A door in the north corner opened from
a small closet about 8 feet long by 7 feet wide, with no external opening
apparent in its foundations. The portion of the dormitory over the kitchen
had also a fire-
place in the south
wall, a large win-
dow looking out "^
over the Coquet,
and a smaller one
in the east wall ;
in the south-west
corner was a la-
trine. It is diffi-
cult to determine
with any certainty
how access was
obtained from the
kitchen below
or if there was
any separation be-
tween this portion
of the dormitory
and that placed
obliquely under
the rock. It mav have been entered by a door at the stair-head near the
chapel-porch.
The mystery that veils the origin of the hermitage invests it with a
charm that might perhaps be dissipated if its real history were known.
Wallis,' who was supposed to have had exceptional opportunities," identified
' Wallis, NortJtiiinbcrhiiul, ii. p. 355.
■ Mr. Thomas Butler, the duke's commissioner, told Bishop Percy in a letter dated Northumberland
house, 25th August, 1787, that if he remembered right he met with an account of the foundation of the
hermitage either in Dugdale's Muuastu-on, 'or in some MSS. of the late Mr. Wharburton, which are now
in the bands of Mr. Wallis of Simonburn, who is writing the History of Northiimhci-tnnd, and which, by the
by, I wish vou would get from him, whilst you are in the country, and they are pretty voluminous and
some of them valuable.' Butler thought that the first hermit was 'a knight of the name of Shebburne or
Seaburne, or some such name,' Bonkv Holds, i. pp. 4:0, 421; but possibly this was a confusion with
Freburn, the founder of Hulne priory.
Stair leading to Orchard.
132 WARKWORTH PARISH.
it with the cell tor two monks from Diirliam tor whose maintenance the
bishop, Nicholas de Farnham (1241 -1248), appropriated the church of
Branxton, a grant confirmed by his successor, Walter de Kirkhani (1249-1260),
but this is now generally referred to the chapel of which the foundations
remain to the east of the parish church, and may even relate to the Maudlins.
The popular tradition in the eighteenth century was that the hermitage
was founded by 'the same Bertram as Brinkburn and Brainshaugh' to e.\piate
the murder of his brother.' By the end of the century this was changed
into its having been ' the retreat of a Northumberland warrior who having
lost the mistress of his heart by some une.xpected stroke, with her lost all
relish for the world, and retired to this solitude to spend the remainder of
his days in devotion for her soul and in erecting this little mausoleum to her
memorv.'" Bishop Percy amalgamated the two traditions in the celebrated
ballad which he published in 1770. He supposed the ox's or bull's head in
the chapel was an important clue, and apparently unaware that the Bertrams
of Bothal as well as the Widdringtons bore a bull's head as their crest he
evolved a Bertram Widdrington. On general grounds we may join with
Aytoun in exclaiming, ' All laud and praise to the memorv of good Bishop
Percv!' but it is difficult to avoid admitting the justice of Dr. Johnson's
severe condemnation of the Hermit of Warkwortli. The dedication to the
duchess of Northumberland possesses a certain quaint eighteenth-century
«.,iiaiiii . Down in a northern vale wild flowerets grew,
And lent new sweetness to the summer gale ;
The Muse there found them all remote from view,
Obscured with weeds, and scattered o'er the dale.
O Lady, may so slight a gift prevail,
And at your gracious hand acceptance find .■■
Say may an ancient legendary tale
Amuse, delight, or move the polish'd mind.
But the opening of the hermit's tale is taken, without acknowledgment, from
the exploit of Sir William Marmion at Norham, as related in the Scalacrouica^
and Leland's rough translation of Sir Thomas Grav's nobly-worded promise
to Marmion, 'Sir knight, ye be cum hither to fame your helmet : mount on
your horse, and ryde lyke a valiant man to your foes even here at hand, and
I forsake God if I rescue not thv bodv dead or alvve, or I mvself wvl dve for
it,' quivers with a verve wholly absent in the rhvmes:
Now, liertram, prove thy lady's helme ; Dead or ali\e 1 11 rescue thee,
.Attack yon forward band : Or perish by their hand.
' ' But,' Bishop Percy adds, 'William of Bertram founded Brinkburn tcmii. Hen. ist. He, therefore,
lived too early for the date of the hermitage.' Border Holds, i. p. 418. - Ibid. p. 417.
WARKWORTH HERMITAGE. 1 33
All the same, we must not forget that the Hermit of Warkwoith acted
on the popular mind in re-awakening an interest in mediaeval literature much
as the Gothic of Strawberry Hill did in regard to mediceval architecture.
It is extremely improbable that the bull's head, if a bull's head it be, is
a crest in the position it occupies. The effigy of the lady cannot even be a
cenotaph, or it would have been necessarily turned towards the east. Besides
this the ladv is generally admitted to have an aureole. Wallis, who wrote
in 1767, before the destruction of all genuine traditions by the ballad, had
no hesitation in pronouncing the figure to be that of the Blessed Virgin ; the
small fiorure at her shoulder seemed to him the Holv Child standing.' The
shepherd in the niche and the o.x would thus naturally complete a group
emblematic of the Nativity, a subject peculiarly suitable on account of its
being believed to have taken place in the cave of Bethlehem. From the
cross, too, on the aureole of the head painted above the altar we may be
certain that this outer chapel of the hermitage of the Trinity was dedicated
in an especial manner to the Second Person. The objections are that the
Virgin is usually only represented as reclining in the scene of the Assumption,"
while the small figure looks more like an angel and does not seem to have
had an aureole. The whole group has suffered more from the pawing of
visitors than from time or weather.
The period of the probable completion of the larger chapel indicated by
architectural evidence, coincides very closely with that of the solemn invoca-
tion of the Persons of the Trinity and of the Blessed Virgin, in the ratification
of the charter of Alnwick abbey for the. good of the souls of his ancestors
and of his late dear consort, Margaret Nevill,' by the future first earl of
Northumberland as he was leaving Warkworth for the French wars in 1373.^
' ' In the sole of a window at the south end of the altar is the effigies of the Blessed Virgin, sculptured
in stone, recumbent ; another of the Child Jesus on her right hand, standing, his left hand resting upon
her shoulder ; at her feet, in a niche in the wall, is the effigies of an hermit, in the attitude of prayer ; by
him a bull's head, all in high relief Wallis, Novthumhcrland^ ii. p. 355.
'-' It has again been suggested that the figure in the niche is St. Luke, whose emblem was an ox, and
that he is contemplating the entombed Virgin with a view to her portraiture.
'Mr. Longstaffe {Arch. Ael. new series, iv. p. 182) was of the opinion that the hermitage was
founded as a chantry for the soul of this Margaret Nevill, the mother of Hotspur. The bull's head
\\as the well-known badge of the Nevill family; but although it is very possible that the hermitage
may have been founded (or refounded) to this mient, it would be very singular if this lady were to
be venerated as a saint, or if the badge of a wife's family were to be prominently carved without any
corresponding badge of her husband. Percy arms and badges may have been intended to be carved
on the unfinished bosses of the vaulting, but that does not dispose of the difficulty. Mr. Hartshorne's
identification of the sculptured lady with Margaret of Lancaster and the figure in the niche wuh her
husband the third Percy, lord of Alnwick, 'in a hauberk and jupon, with a bacinet on his head, and an
orle around it ' has nothing to recommend it. Proc. Arcli. Inst. 1S52, ii. p. 222.
' .■\mong the witnesses, all taken apparently from his own household and retinue, there were, in
addition to the two chaplains, Thomas de Burton and Thomas de Walton, clerks. The name Burton
134 WARKWORTH PARISH.
The first actual mention ot \Vark\v(.)rth iRriiiilage occurs in 1487, when
Thomas Barker, chaplain of the chantrv in Sunderland park, as it was then
called, made a payment to Thomas Sharpe, bailiff of Warkworth, for the
privilege of grazing a cow and calf and a mare and foal in the park both
winter and summer.' Barker had been appointed for life to celebrate mass
in the chapel there bv the fourth earl of Northumberland, who had been
restored in 1471, at a yearly stipend of 66s. 8d." He was probably
succeeded at the hermitage bv John Greene, who was chaplain of the chapel
of the Trinity in Sunderland park in 1506, when he received los.' On the
26th of Julv, 15 15, the fifth earl of Northumberland, then at Topcliif,
conferred an annuity of 5 marks, the same sum as Barker had received, but
during pleasure, on Edward Slegg, chaplain, the hermit in the chapel of the
Holy Trinity in Warkworth park.^ On the 3rd of December, 1531, the
sixth earl granted the hermitage with various privileges to his chaplain,
George Lancastre :
Henry, erle of Northumberland, etc. Knowe you that I the saide erle, in consideration of the
diligent and thankfuU service that my well-beloved chaplen, Sir (George Lancastre hath don unto me
the said erle, and also for the goode and virtus disposition that I do perceive in him ; and for that he
shall have in his daily recommendation and praiers the good estate of all such noble blode and other
personages as be now levynge, and the soules of such noble blode as be departed to the mercy of God
oute of this present lyve, whos names are conteyned and wrettyn in a table upon parchment signed
with thande of me the said erle, and delivered to the custodie and keepynge of the said Sir George
Lancastre ; and further that he shall kepe and saye his de\yn service in celebratyng and doing masse
of requiem every weke as it is written and set forth in the saide table : have geven and graunted, and
by these presents do gyve and graunte unto the said Sir George myn armytage bilded in a rock of
sufficiently resembles that of ISertram for the two to be confounded in Northumberland, where the latter
was best known. If Thomas de Burton became the tirst hermit of the neuer chapel, the gauntlet that was
painted on a shield over the inner door may be explained by the Burton crest, ' a de.xter gauntlet proper,
showing the inside of the hand.' The only Bertram known to ha\e been connected with the earls of
Northumberland was William Bartreham, esq., retained for the term of his life to serve in peace or
war at 20 inarks per annum, by letters of warrant dated 6lh December, 1440; he was also appointed
master-forester of Rothbury at 2d. a day for life. Bishop Percy's MSS.; Border Holds, i. p. 418 n.
' ' Item, vs. rec. de agistamento hyemali et estivali catalli infra parcum de Sundreland hoc anno ut
paret per unam billam inde per Ricardum Makson ac. acquit, viz. pro agistamento unius equi magistri
Radulfi Percy et j vacce cum vitulo et j eciue cum pullo Thome Barker capellani cantarie infra dictum
parcum." Compotus of Thomas Sharpe, bailiff of Warkworth, Michaelmas, 14S6, to Michaelmas, 14S7.
Bishop Percy's MSS. : Border Holds, 1. p. 423.
= ' Et in solucione facta Thome Barker capellano divina celebranti infra capellam infra parcum de
Sundreland eidem per dominum nuper comitem ullimum dcfunctum concessa ad terminum vite per
literas ipsius Dni patentes pro hoc anno, Ixvjs. viijif.' Compotus of John Harbotell, receiver. Ibid.
" Bishop Percy's MSS. : ibid.
' ' Et in denariis per ipsum solutis Edwardo Slegge capellano heremite infra capellam Sancte
Trinitatis infra parcum de Warkworth in plena solucione eiusdam annuitatis sue ad v marcas per
annum per Dominum nunc comitem sibi concesse durante beneplacito sicut paret per literas patentes
datas apuil Topclyf xxvj die Julij anno Regis Henrici viij, etc., Ixvjs. viijrf.' Compotus of George
Swinburne, receiver. Ibid.
WARKWORTH HERMITAGE. 1 35
stone within my parke of Warkworth, in the county of Northumberland, in the honour of the blessed
Trynete, with a yerlv stipende of twenty nierks by yer, from the feest of Seint Michell tharchaungell
last past afore the date herof yerly duryng the natural! lyve of the said Sir George ; and also I the said
erle have geven and graunted, and by these presents do gyve and graunte unto the said Sir George
Lancastre the occupation of one little grasground of niyn called Conygarth, nygh adjoynynge the said
hermytage, only to his only use and profit wynter and somer durynge the said terme ; the garden and
orteyarde' belongyng to the said arniytage ; the gate and pasture of twelf kye and a bull, with their
calves suking ; and two horses goyng and beyng within my said parke of Warkworth wynter and somer ;
one draught of fisshe every soundaie in the yer to be drawen fornenst the said arniytage called the
Trynete draught ; and twenty lods of fyrewode to be taken of my wodds called Shilbotell wood during
the said term. The said stipend of xx merks by yer to be taken and received yerly of the rent
and ferme of my fisshyng of Warkworth by thands of the fermour and fermours of the same for the tyme
beynge yerly at the times ther used and accustomed to, evyn portions. In wytness whereof to these my
letters patentes, I the said erle have set the seale of myn amies. Geven under my signet at my castell
of Warkworth, the third daye of December, in the xxiii yer of the reigne of our soveryn lord Kyng
Henry the Eight.^
It seems doubtful whether George Lancastre was actually to live at the
hermitage, since his duties were restricted to ' celebrayting and doing masse
of requiem everv weke.' Two years later a person of the same name was
bailiff of Warkworth, but the payment of the annuity of George Lancastre,
chaplain and hermit, is duly entered in his accounts.^ It seems hardly
credible that the last hermit of Warkworth took advantage of the ecclesi-
astical laxitv of the period to follow a secular vocation while still enjoying
the revenues of what was rapidlv becoming a sinecure.''
In 'a view of the castles, lordship's lands and tenements of the earl of
Northumberland conveyed to King Henrv VIII.' (1537) there occurs the
following passage :
Hermyt.\GES. One at Warkeworth, being a verey propre howse buylded oute of a rocke of stone
with man)- comodyties thereto belongynge, \vherof S' George Lancastre pieste, being a well benyfyced
man, ys now incumbent and hath by letters patentes of the forsaid late erle for terme of his lyff a yearly
salarye oute of the lordeshippe of W^arkeworth of xx marcs and pasture for xij kyne and a bull and their
folowers and ij horses and xx lodes of wood, and every Sondaye a draught of fysshe.*
' Orchard, A.S. ovccard, older forms ortgcard, vyrlgcnni, i.e., wort-yard ; compounded of le'ort and
yard, i.e., a herb-garden, which is the old sense. W. W. Skeat, Concise Etym. Eii^;. Diet. s.v. Wort.
- Proc. of Arch. Inst. 18152, ii. p. 227 n.
' ' xiij7i. vjs. v'ujd. solutis Georgio Lancastre capellano heremite in plena solucione feodi pro hoc
anno.' Compotus Georgii Lancastre prepositi castri de Warkworth. Bishop Percy's MSS.: Border
Holds, i. pp. 423, 424.
' 1537, July. 'A remembrance of the decrease of the late earl of Northumberland's lands, etc., and
also of increase that may be made of the same lands. . . . Sir George Lancaster has a fee of 20
marks, etc., out of Warkworth which the king might redeem for a benefice worth ^20 a year.' Cat. of
State Papers (Dom.), 29 Hen. VI I L
■^ Duke of Northumberland's MSS,
136 WARKWORTH PARISH.
THE BOROUGH OF WAKKWOKTH.
Altliouj^h Warkworth owes its chief interest to the castle, the beauties
of its natural scenerv and situation enhance the charm of the site. The
castle itself occupies a commandi'ig situation on the top of a hill up which
the town climbs to the very foot of its outer walls, and the neitrhbouring
country being flat, the donjon can be seen for many miles around, standing
out conspicuously against the sea. Immediately below the keep, the green
slopes of which are clothed with trees, the Coquet winds in graceful curves
between two steep banks, round three sides of the hill and the haugh upon
which the town of Warkworth stands. Upon the peninsula thus formed,
the long street of the town, with its red-tiled and blue-slated houses, rises in
slow and regular ascent from the bridge to the castle.
Near the bridge is a quaint seventeenth-century house belonging to Mr.
Thomas Clutterbuck,' which has very fine wrought iron gates and railings,
and standing bv it are some old and well-grown lime trees. Facing the street
and occupying the site of four burgage houses, is a house and garden recon-
structed about the year 1830, bv Mr. John Forster, a native of the village,
who, on retiring from the service of the great London brewing house of
Calvert & Co., purchased part of the fittings of Brandenburgh house, the
residence of Queen Caroline, and brought to Warkworth a bronze staircase,
some marble chinmey-pieces, and other furniture.
The township comprises an area of 1,129 acres, the greater part of which
lies on the south side of the river ; though a piece of ground called Warkworth
New-town (which will be more particularlv described), stretching out as an
arm towards the north-east and Warkworth Moor, and the old common
pasture of the burgesses, extending like another arm to the south-west, are
both situated on the north bank of the Coquet.
' ' Poly-syllabical echoes are generally thought worthy of remark. We have two of these, very
curious and uncommon. One is under the bank on the north side of the river Coquet, opposite to a
farmyard by Mr. Clutterbuck's summer house at Warkworth. It will return seven notes from a German
flute on a still evening. In a rougli, unpleasant one, 30th September, 1761, it repeated six very
distinctly. The arch or pillar of the bridge seems to give it. The other is at the same village, on an
eminence by a small cottage on the same side of the river, opposite to the castle. It repeats the words,
".■\rma \'irumque cano " (I'irgi!) very articulately, and six notes from the same instrument. The locus
polysoniciis seems to be the castle, from which it comes in such soft and pleasing harmony as if the castle
was enchanted, and it was the voice of a syren.' Wallis, Xorthiimbcrluid (17671, i. pp. 7, 8.
THE ROROUGH OF WARKWORTH.
137
The southern part of the township contains the farms of Old-barns,
New-barns, and the Maudlin farm, which comprise the chief part of its area
and represent the lord's park and demesne
lands. The population in 1891 was 666.'
Though the ' moated mound of
Warkworth '
been occupiec
period, few
ElGHrEHNTH-CENTlIRV IkON GaTES.
found of tlie prehistoric inhabitants in its immediate neighbourhood. On
the moor or common pasture there is an artificial mound, described bv the
Rev. John Hodgson as ' hedged in by a vallum over the peninsula frcMii one
' The Census Returns are : 1801,614; 1811,568; 1821,594; 1831,614; 18^1,785; 1851,834; 1861,
730; 1871,765; 1881,662; 1891, 666. Of the inns and public houses which existed in living memory,
viz., the 'Sun' hotel, the 'Hermitage' hotel, the 'Mason's Amis,' the 'Black Bull,' the ' Kin-'s Head'
(on Dial hill), the ' Queen's Head ' (at the top of the village), the ' White Swan,' the = Jolly Sailors,' and
the ' Lamb,' only the first four have retained their licences.
Vol. V. 18
138 WARKWORTH PARISH.
bank of the river to the other, and on the ontside of the valhnii (about joo
yards over against Morwick mill) is a square encampment, each side about
50 yards, and defended by a ditch about 5 feet deep and 3 yards broad.''
In 1854, in making a new road across the moor, a quern was found
about a foot below the surface, near the same place. The lower stone is a
circular disc of no great thickness, and
the runner is of conical form, having at
the top a cavitv splayed outwards to
receive the grain, and on the side near
the bottom, a hole to receive the
handle." In the same vear and near
tilt' sanif place a creeing-trough was
found about a foot under the ground ;
the cavity is 7 inches in diameter and
Oi:ern. • 1 • I ■ J ..1 ■!
IS nearly 4 mches in depth.
The prescriptive borough of Warkwortb comprises 77 reputed burgess
houses, or the steads or sites on which burgage houses at one time stood.
Besides his house and garden held in severaltv, each burgess bv innnemorial
custom enjoyed, as appendant to his house, certain plots of ground originally
held by copy of court roll or bv some other customarv tenure, but which, for
many years past, have been recognised as freehold. To the communitv
belonged a common pasture or moor, asserted bv tradition to have been
given to them bv Sir Hugh de Morwick.' The borough was governed by a
grieve, chosen by the burgesses themselves, bv a system of rotation, and
appointed at the annual court leet, under whom served such officers as moor-
grieve, bread-weighers, ale-conners, the townsherd, etc.
As in other similar cases, the castle has absorbed the attention of those,
who, in time past, have written about Warkworth, but the historv of the
borough and community possesses a sufficient claim to be related.
The charter of Henry II. to Roger fitz Richard included the right of tol
and team, soc and sak and infangenthef.' Warkworth had been farmed by
' The Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, and Sir David Smith's Collection.
■■' Alnwick castle museum, case I. No. 1014. Catalogue, p. 201.
' Alnwick castle museum, in lower chamber, No. 1023. Catalogue, p. 204. .A creeing-trough is a
stone mortar in which grain was creed [or shelled] until the husks came oft Wheat so creed was used
for making frumenty. Cf. Heslop, Xortlinmberlund Words.
* 'For Warkeworthe common is of the lordship of Alnwicke geven to the burgesses of Warkworthe
by Hewghe Morwicke.' Survey, 5 Elizabeth. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
^ Placita dc Quo }]'arranto. Hodgson, Sorthumhcrland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 158.
THE BOROUGH OF WARKWORTH. I39
the .sheriff of the county, and on its dimission a definite allowance of £2^2 2%.
was made to him as its then value. ^ In the twelfth century, salt-pans in
Warkworth were granted to the abbot and convent of Newminster by Simon
de St. Liz, earl of Northumberland,'^ and others to the abbot and convent of
Alnwick by Eustace fitz John.^ In the invasion of Northumberland in 1 174,
on Saturday, the 13th of July, the day on which William the Lion was
captured at Alnwick, a detachment of his army, led by Duncan, earl of Fife,
having entered and burnt the town of Warkworth, put the inhabitants to the
sword under especially cruel circumstances.^
In the inquisition taken in 1249, after the death of Roger fitz John, the
jurors, who were Thomas ad crucem, Robert clericus, Henry de Botelesdune,
Henry piscator, Robert son of Anning, William son of Alice, and Robert
Scot, say that there were in demesne at Warkworth, 4 carucates containing
311 acres worth 5d. an acre, the sum £b 9s. /d. ; and 15 acres of meadow
worth i8d. an acre, including the head-riggs of the corn-land, the sum
22s. 6d. The ferm of the borough of Warkworth with that of the New-town
was _^3 1 8s. 7|d. Each house of the borough and of the New-town (60
houses in all) was to find a man to reap for two davs in autumn, the lord
providing his food, or to pay one penny for the two days. The borough toll
and brewing rent came to los. ; the rent of the oven was 20s. The mill
brought in the large sum of £2^ 13s. 4d., out of which the prior of Tyne-
mouth received £2 by charter. The fishery, with a small vessel called a
coble, was worth sometimes more, sometimes less, in that year £b. Three
salt-pans yielded a rent in kind of eight quarters of salt, each quarter valued
at i6d., the sum ids. 8d. ; they also paid 3s. 4d. for a site of about half an
acre. There was a small piece of ground divided into two closes' for keep-
ing cattle ; the herbage and yard were worth 2s. a year. There was also a
small round wood called Sunderland, half a league" in circuit, of which the
herbage pertained to the demesne. Sum of the aforesaid vill, ^^^44 12s. i i|d.,
beyond 40s. which the prior of Tynemouth receives.'
' Hartshorne, p. 187. - Newminster Charlulary , p. 212. Surtees Soc. No. 66.
^ Proc. of Arch. Inst. 1852, ii. p. 273 n.
' Benedict 0/ Petcrburgh, pp. i6S-i6c). Jordan Fantosnie,\. 1706-1709. Surtees Soc. No. 11.
^ Ibidem est una parva placia ubi ii viveria sunt herbagium et curtc-llagiiim valent p. a. ii solidos.
Viverium = vivarium is a place for storing animals as well as a stew pond for fish.
' Leuca, a league. In Domesday Book, it is taken for a mile. Nen' World 0/ Words.
' Inq. p.m. Roger fitz John, ^j Henry III. No. 66, i. p. 7 a. Arch. Act. 4to series, iii. p. 97.
140 WAKK WORTH PAKISH.
In I2q; Robert lit/. Koj^er claimed to possess, and was allowed to have,
a weekly market to be held on Mondav, in his manor of New-town, near
Warkworth, and a vearlv fair to continue three days, viz., the eve, the day,
and the morrow of the feast of St. Lawrence (10th of August). He also
claimed to have wreck of the sea bv custom anterior to the reign of
Richard I., hv prescription free warren in all his tlemesne lands in Wark-
worth, and the feudal rights and privileges of waifs, tumbril, and [lillory, with
the assize of bread and ale and the market tolls.'
Several small suits relating to Warkworth are entered in the Banco and
Patent Rolls in the early part of the reign of Edward I. Emma, the daughter
of Henrv de Brumfeld, claimed certain tenements from Robert fitz Roger.*
Nicholas de Castelkirk was one of the defendants in a suit brought by Robert
de Stutevill and Alianora his wife against Hugh de Eure and others.' Adam
de Kynton and Christiana his wife claimed the moietv of a messuage from
John de Weston.''
The vill of Warkworth was assessed on £'] 5s. 6d. to the subsidy of 1396 ;
the payment fell upon eight persons onlv.
TaXATIO VILLAE IJE WliKKEWOK IH AD IXUKCIMUM, 1 2()6.
i s. a' s. d.
Siimma bonoiuni Rogeri de Haukislawe ... .., ... o 14 o uncle regi I 34
,. Alani Holpot ... ... ... .170 ., - 5^
„ Walteri lilii W.iilelmi ... ... . . 0110 „ 10
„ Robert! de Morewike ... ... ... 0120 „ II
„ Johannis de Weston ... ... ... ... o 15 6 „ 15
„ Ricardi Algode o 18 o „ 1 7j
„ Wythe o 15 o „ 1 4^
„ Willflmi Tendeman ... ... ... ... i 13 o „ 3 o
Sumnia hujus villae, £"] 5s. 6d. Unde domino regi, 13s. l\A.
In the inquisition taken in 1310, after the death of Robert fitz Roger,
it was found by the jurors that he had held the castle and vill of Warkworth
of the king in chief bv the service of one knight's fee. The ferni of the vill
of Warkworth, which 'is a borough from old time,' was worth £2 7s. 7|d.
per annum. There were some tenements newly let called the vill of the new
borough, the ferm of which was worth £\ i6s. 4d. per annum. There were
of demesne 120 acres of arable land, each acre being worth 6d., £1 ; 40 acres
of meadow, each acre being worth 2s., £^,. The common oven and the
' Ptiuilii tit: Quo WariMuti), p. 595 b ; Hodgson, Northumhcrlaiul, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 159.
-Rot. Pat. 5 Edw. I. Duke of NorthumherLiiid's Ti\iiisiript, p. 53.
^ De Btiiitu Rolls, 12 Edw. I. //;«/. p. 659. ' Rut. Pat. 24 Edw. I. Unci. p. 27 1.
£ s.
<i
2 2
4
1 i6
4
I 2
6
' 15
2
3 S
4
o 15
61
I 10
6
s.
(1.
4
2|
3
7*
2
3
3
61
6
10
I
6|
3
03
■ THE borou(;h of warkworth. 141
toll of the borough were worth 20s. ; the sea and Coquet fishery were worth
_^"6 13s. 4d. ; two salt-pans were worth los. ; the perquisites of the court
were worth 20s. ; Warkworth water mill was worth 4g 6s. 8d. ; and
Brotherwick water mill 30s. per annum ; and the herbage of Sunderland
wood 8s. ; the total sum of castle and town, £bi) 13s. gd.'
Six of the tenants who contributed to the subsidy of 1296 were living
sixteen years later, but the assessment of the vill was considerably increased.
W]lRK\\'K'ih Subsidy Roll, 1312.-
Summa bononmi Johannis de Weston ... ... ... ... 224 uiide
Kicardi Alyode ...
Willelmi Wyte
„ Rogeii de Haukeslawe
., Alani Holpotte ...
„ Walter! de Toggisden ...
„ Roberti de Morewyke ...
Siimma bonorum totius villae ... ... ... ... £\2 10 8j 25 O4
On the 1 2th of March, 1367, Marv, daughter and heiress of John Orbv
and afterwards wife of John Koos of Hamlake, was born at Warkworth ; at
her baptism Henry Koos held a taper at the font, as was proved in an
inquisition taken at Warkworth in 1381 bv the deposition of various witnesses,
amongst whom Robert Reed said that he had reason to remember, for he was
luarried on that day and his marriage was entered in the missal in the church.
John Porter said he had a son born to him five days after, whose birth is
written in the breviarv of Warkworth ; while Adam de Bikerman who, a
fortnight before, had had his head broken almost to his brain bv a rafter
falling from a stable which had been blown down, was, on the day of Mary's
baptism, going to see the doctor at Warkworth to cure his head.^
In the inquisition taken at Alnwick on the 21st of March, 135 1/2, after
the death of Henry the Strong, the first Percy of Warkworth, it was found by
the jury that he had died seised of the castle and manor of Warkworth with
the vills of Birling, Acklington, Rothbury, 'the Neweton,'^ Thropton, and
Snitter, pertaining to the same castle and manor, all of which were held of
' /;((/. p. III. Roljeit litz Roger, 3 Edw. II. No. 53, i. 238 b. Arch. .Id. 410 series, iii. p. 103.
" Weukwouih Sunsn:iv Roll, 1336. Ricardiis Tacyman 3s. 4d., Henriciis Fiashere 4s., Alarms
Alleged 2s. 8d., Ricardus Smert 2s., Johannes Cocbayn 3s., Gilbertiis Allegod is. :od. Siimma i6s. lod.
■' Proof of age of heirs of estates in Northumberland. Arch. Ael. 4to series, iv. p. 328.
' Newton or New-town near Rothbury.
142 WAKKWORTH TARISH.
the king in chief in his demesne as of fee ' tallianlc,' by homage and fideHty,
and by two knight's fees. The castle and manor were worth nothing beyond
reprises. Fifteen score and 13 acres of demesne land were worth, at 6d. an
acre, £"] i6s. 6d. A certain separate pasture called ' WoUemer ' was worth
and paid 20s. per annum. The rents payable out of the l)urgage houses were
^5 IS. The water mill was worth £\o -a vear, the herbage of Sunderland
wood 5s., and the court fees 7s. 4d. per annum.'
Henry Percy the Short died at Warkworth on the i8th of May, 1368,
in possession of the same demesne and other lands held by his father, but the
rent of the pasture called Wolcmere was reduced to 13s. 4d., and the value
of the court fees to 6s. 8d. "
The bridge bv which the town is approached from the north was erected
during the last quarter of the fourteenth century.' The best view of it
is obtained from the north side looking westward, in which direction the
gateway which surmounts the bridge at its south end, and the adjoining
buildings, topped by the church spire, form a picturesque group.
The bridge has two segmental arches, each having a span of 60 feet
springing from a mid-river pier and land abutments.
The water pier, standing on a stout base of several splayed courses, is
hexagonal in shape, being angled towards the course of the river ; it is 22
feet wide by 40 feet to the extreme angles (or starlings) of the pier.
The abutments have long wing walls extending up and down the river.
The arches which spring from a chamfered impost are formed of four ribs,
the outer ribs only being chamfered on their exterior edge, and above the
latter are two chamfered oversailing courses forming towards the river an
arch of three orders. The parapet which encloses the roadway, 1 1 feet in
width, passes round the starlings or angles of the pier, and forms a recess or
' refuge ' for foot passengers on each side of the middle of the roadway.
Until about 1830 'an ancient cross with the arms of the Percies thereon '
stood in the east refuge or recess.^
' Inq. p.m. Henry Percy, 26 Edw. III. No. 52 a, vol. ii. 174b. Arch. Aet. 410 series, iii. p. 107.
■- Inq. p.m. Henry Percy le Piere, 42 Edw. III. No. 48, vol. it. 288 a. Arch. Ad. ^io series, iii. p. no.
^ John Cook of Newcastle, who died at Norham 2 Ric. II. (1378-1379). left 20 marks towards the
buildins of Warkworth bridge, if it were built within two years from the time of his makmg his will,
otherwise the money was to be given to the bridge of liywell. Bourne, Newcastle, p. 203. Wallis,
Northumberland, ii. p. 355.
' It was cast into the river by certain idle persons, but the pieces were recovered and carried into
the castle yard ; they cannot now be identified. £.v. inf. Mr. M. H. Dand. C/. Wallis, Northiimberlamt,
ii. p. 355.
u
o
Q
s
o
ft
<;
THE BOROUGH OF WARKWORTH. 1 43
The south end of the bridge was guarded by a small and simple gate-
way- It is not of the military type with large bastions, nor is it to be
compared with the noble gateway to the castle beyond, or the examples to
be seen at Alnwick. It is of two stories without buttresses or string-courses,
and is now unfortunately devoid of parapet or machicolations. It measures
on the exterior 27 feet 3 inches by 18 feet. The entrance, 10 feet wide, is
by a four-centred archway of two chamfered orders continued to the ground,
and opening into a passage, 1 1 feet in width, covered with a flat vaulted
ceiling. An arched opening, in which is an old door, gives access on the
west side of the passage to a porter's lodge measuring 12 feet 3 inches by
6 feet 3 inches, lighted by a slit at each end, and covered by a flat four-
centred (almost segmental) vault springing from the ends of the apartment.'
It has a stone seat at its north end. On the east side of the passage, a door
opposite that on the west, opens into a stone newel-staircase, arranged in the
thickness of the wall, which is here 5 feet wide ; elsewhere the walls are
only about 2 feet 4 inches in thickness. The south end of the passage is
finished square, the arch of one order, which encloses the vaulting, dying
into the sides of the passage. The upper floor is roofless, and has been
'restored'; it measures 22 feet 6 inches by 13 feet 3 inches, and was
lighted by windows on all four sides ; three of these, two on the south and
one on the west side, have chamfered and rebated jambs, and are 2 feet
wide. Only a jamb of a window remains on the north side, whire there
may possibly have been two small or one large window. The staircase
occupies the south-east angle of the room and projects into it, the space
between it and the north wall forming a sort of ingle nook in which is a
fire-place, and a small window affording a pleasant view of the river. There
are three corbels 7 feet above the floor level in the angles of the room,
which may have supported another floor, or with greater probability the
roof. The staircase is continued to a higher level and no doubt opened
on to the roof, which may have had a parapet and machicolation of which
there is now no evidence. At the west end there are some stones which
suggest a stepped gable. Portions of the east end of the upper chamber and
the arch to the gateway and masonry near it have been restored.
' This apartment or cell was within living memory occasionally used for the confinement of persons
arrested by the borough constaljle as being drunk and disorderly. See also Nat'iasth Courant, 8th Feb.,
1772.
144 W'ARKWOKTII PARISH.
The Court Rolls of tlu- manor ot Warkworth lx\i;in in 1473,' at which
period the courts seem to have been held everv month, though the steward's
expenses were sometimes more than the profits. The followinc; abstracts and
details are taken from the documents:
Waukkwokih.
At tlie liead couit held on the Mond.iy after .St. Luke's day (i8th of tK'toljer), 1473.
The jurors for Warkworth were : John Kosse, William Haysand, Thomas Haysand, William
Hogeson, Thomas Hordon, William Smylh, James Roberlson, John .^ndroson, John Brewster, Thomas
.Marshall, John James, William Cowik. They presented William Alanson, shoemaker, for makinjj afiVay
and shedding the blood of John Pennisson and his wife. William Ciosetan, Richard Cook. I'.urick
Brown, William Ciithbert, William Wightman, Ralph Bailye, William Thomson, William Cowick. Joliii
Wherriour, Thomas Marshall, Robert Lyon, and W'illiam Milner were presented by the flesh-tasters and
were amerced 'pro fattura assise ceruisic.' John Wherriour, William Cowik, Ralph ISailye, William
Wightman, William Cuthbert, Patrick Brown, and Richard Cook were presented by the bread- weighers and
were amerced ' pro fractura assise panis.' Robei t Beisby complained of .-Man Clerke on a plea of debt.
The jurors for Acklington were: Williaiii Male, Robert \Vrii;ht, Kobcit James, John Sympson,
Thomas James, Thomas .Smyth, Thomas Clefelanci, Rolicrt Wright, Robert James, Robert Hudson
senior, Robert Hudson junior, John Smyth.
The juiors for Birling were: Richard Hudson, John Biown, John Hudson, Thomas Whairiour,
Robert Page, John Brown, Robert Covet, Robert Brown, Nicholas Crowford, James Robertson. They
presented Thomas Wherriour for keeping swine in the corn. John Pa.xton answered on a plea of
trespass brought by William Buston. Henry Temple w-as amerced 'quia ulilis aliis molendinis.'
The Birling jury presented Robert Page, John Brown, Robert Brown, Nicholas Crawford, Thomas .Alder,
and James Robertson for allowing their swine to siray in their neighbouis' corn and ihey were amerced,
liichard Hudson, Robert Page, Robert lirown, and John Brown were fined 'pro equo sue' Nicholas
Crawford, Thomas Alder, James Robertson, and John Brown were lineil for allowing their cattle lo be
amongst the corn at night. Thomas Wate complained against John Da\ y on a plea of debt. Ralph liailze
was amerced for making affray upon Elizabeth Wilkynson. Thomas Haysand was amerced pro fiactura
pene .... with his sheep. Alan Clerk complained against William Tempill on a plea of debt.
Thomas Watson, Alexander Lilbourn, W'illiam Carr, and Isabella Wardell 'fecerunt finem pro respectu
communis secte eiiisdem relaxande pro denariis ut in capite.' John Haul! and John James ' non fecerunt
in officio suo debitam prescentacionem ideo ipsi in miseticordia quia non t^starunt ceruisiam.'
The jury presented John Wherriour 'disobediunt constabulariis pacis ideo ipse.' William Male was
elected griex'e of Acklington for the forthcoming year, and was sworn. John .Smyth, Thomas Smyth,
William Gibson, and Robert Wright were elected to be the four jurors of .-Vcklington. James Robertson
was elected to be borough grieve of Warkworth for the forthcoming year, and was sworn. Richard Cook
and Patrick Brown were elected to be the constables of the peace, and were sworn. John Young and
Alexander Brown were elected to be bread-weighers (supervisores panis). John Hall and John James
were elected to be ale-tasters (ad supervidendum ceruisiam). William the butcher and Robert Toderik
were elected to be flesh inspectors (ad supervidendum carnem). Receijits of court, 14s. 4d. Expenses of
John Cartynton the steward, 2s. 6d.
At a court held on the Monday after Martinmas, 1473, William Buston did not offer to prosecute John
Paxton for trespass.
At a court held on the Monday after the 30th of November, 1474, Robert Page, Thomas Wheniour,
and Robert Brown were amerced for not repairing the pinfold.
At a court held the 12th of June, 1475, John Robynson of Walk-mylne was amerced 'pro interfeccione
a salmon in acjuis domini.' The grieve of the castle piesented Thomas Haysand and others for rutting up
the lord's meadows within the demesne.
' Duke uf Northumberland's MSS.
»%^
Gateway at South End of Warkworth Bridge.
THK BOROIIGH OF WARKWORTH. I45
At a court held on Monday before the 29th of December, 1475, John Brown of Rirling brought a plea
of trespass against Robert Shiphird and his neighbours, tenants in Nether Buston.
At a court held on the Monday after the ist of November, 1479, Edward Hogeson was amerced 'quia
non habet Jacobum Hill ad respondendum Thome Fyssherre capellano in placito debiti et distringatur.'
At a court held on Monday, the l8th of October, 1480, the tenants of Birling, by Thomas Warriour as
their attorney, complained against William Mantle of Glowcistre in a plea of trespass. Four men were
fined 2d. each 'pro vendicione carnis contra assisam."
In 1474, I2d. was allowed to the bailift" for the repair of the lord's pinfold.
A payment of 3d. from each house whence smoke issued due to the lord under
the name of ' rekesylver' (which in 1472 and in the following years amounted
to I IS. gd. a year) was from the year 1479, with a brewerv rent of I4d. a year,
termed ' watersyh-er,' allowed to the burgesses to set against the loss of a
parcel of their common enclosed within the lord's new park. The ' tolboth '
lav waste and yielded no profit to the lord in 1479.
There were two burgages known as Saint Marv and the Holv Cross
which had yielded a rent of I2d. a vear to the lord, but which, in 1480, were
let at 6d. a year. The common oven, the assize of ale, and the toll of the vill
were let for 33s. 4d. a year.'
The following list of tenants shows that a not inconsiderable number of
the burgage houses were either in the dead hand or annexed to offices. The
churchwardens of the parish held the large number of fifteen burgages,
perhaps in trust for the poor; the chaplains of St. Mary's chantry^ at
Alnwick held four ; John Scales, a chaplain (perhaps of the chantrv within
the parish church), held one ; the vicar held several ; and the keepers of
the bridge held one. The borough rents amounted to £}, 4s. 4d.
Tenants in W.\rk\vorth, 1498.'
Name of Tenant Holding.
John Wylson ... ... ... 2 burgages, 3d. ... ... i seliun in Endemyie
Henry Hasand ... ... ... i burgage, 6d. ... ... i „ „ 3d. ...
Richard Rose ... ... ... i ,, 6d. ... ... i „ „ 4d. ...
Agnes Rose ... ... ... 1 ,, (waste)
In the lord's hands ... ... i „ (called Blakhall)
William Brewster ... ... i „
The churchwardens i „ jd 2 selions in Endemyre, 3d. ...
William Smyth... 1 ,, 3d i selion ,, 3d. ...
' 1488- 1489. Farm of the common oven and toll of the vill of Warkworth, leased to Robeit Hogeson,
bailiff, 33s. 4d. 'Rekesilver' each house whence smoke issues 3d., 13s. 3d. Watersilver, farm of a
brewer), I4d. 'Assyse ale' the yearly rent of 6s. 8d. not answered for, because leased with the farm of
the bakehouse, nil.
- 1 525-1 526. In decrease of farm of one burgage in Warkworth late held by [blank] belonging
to the chaplain of St. Mary's chantry in the vill of Alnewick at 6d. yearly, in the lord's hands by default of
tenant and of repair this year as last year, e.xcept 3d. levied from one selion of land belonging thereto, in
the same two years, 6d. BailiiTs' .Accounts, Henry VHI. Dii';e of Northuinbcrland's MSS.
^ Cartington's Rental, 14 Henry \TI. Duke of Nortlnimhcrhiiui's MSS.
Vol. v. ig
Yearly
s.
Rent,
d
. 0
9
. 0
10
. 0
6
. 0
3
. 0
8
. 0
6
146
\V.\lx"K\V( )K 111 I'AKISH.
Name of Tt-nant.
Gilbert Bell
The chuiclnvardens
In the lord's hands, occupied
by Robt. I'urveux
Robert Purveux
John Mcdewe
John Jamys
Henry Kyrkby
John Elder
Joan Johnson ...
Henry llasand
The churchwardens
Robert Marshall
The churchwardens
Robert Barker
Henry Barker ...
John Dover
The vicar of the church
John Bednell
Thomas Hudson of Hawkesley
The chaplain of .St. Mary's
chantry, Alnwick
George Lylbourn
The churchwardens
In the lord's hands
lohn Porter of Morwyk
The widow of Wm. Brotherwyk
In the lord's hands
The churchwardens
John Scalys, chaplain ...
The churchwardens
John Bedenell ...
The churchwardens
Waste
In the lord's hands
George Percy ...
The churchwardens
The bridge keepers (custodes
pontis) of Warkworth
The chaplains of St. Mary's
chantry of Alnewyk
Thomas Bedisman
Thomas Wharryour, Robert
Boys, Robert Wayte, the
widow of Thomas .Ster-
lynge, and John James ...
I burgage, 2d.
. „ -A
1 burgage, 4d.
2 burgages
I biu-gage, 6d.
I „ 6d.
>
I „
I
1
6d.
6d.
I burgage
for various burgages
I burgage and i gard
lod. ...
I burgage, 4d. ...
I ,, 2d. ...
waste, called
Sclatehowe
I burgage. 3d. ..
Ilnldini;.
I selion in Endcmyre, 3d. ...
I .. 4d
I selion in Endemyre
I selion in Endemyre, 3d. ...
I selion in Endemyre, 3d. ...
i », ,, ...
I selion in Endemyre, 3d. ...
' - „ 3cl
I parcel of land called Wamboys ..
I selion in Endemyre, 3d.
1 ,, „ 3d.
3d. ...
I „ waste
I „ 6d. ...
New rent for i parcel of
land, waste, late held
by John Smothynge
I burgage
1 „
2 burgages
I burgage, with a garden, 3d
I selion belonging to said waste
burgage
I selion in Endemyre, 3d. ...
selion in Endemyre, id. ...
c.irlv Rent.
a.' <l.
o 5
o 9
2 6
o 3
o 9
0 7
1 10
o 9
I
burgages
selion
n Endemyre
in Endemyre
I selion in Endemyre, 3d.
; selions in Endemvre
I I
o 7
o 4
O 2
o 6
o 7
o 6
o 6
0 6
1 o
0 8
1 0
1 I
o 6
o 2
o 6
THE ROROUGH OF WARKWORTH.
147
Name of Tenant.
Richard Hasand
I burgage
John Elder
' ?i
The churchwardens
^ 1)
John Harbotell
^ n
The churchvvai'dens
' ))
John Theobald
* IT
Henry Wayte ...
'■ »?
Isabel Robynson
2 burgages
John Dychand
I burgage
John Symson
I ,,
The chaplains of St.
Mary's
chantry of Alnewyk
^ )5
Robeit Milnere of C.uysyns ...
^ 5)
Rolsert Anderson of Grange ...
' )1
Richard Boyse
' »i
Richard Robynson of M
orewyk
I „
The chaplains of St.
Mary's
chantry of Alnewyk
I n 5
John Horden
^ »i
The churchwardens
2 burgages
In the lord's hands
I burgage
Launcelot Clark, son of John
Clark of Ambell ...
* 11
William Greve ...
^ 11
William Goften
1 ,,
Thomas Haysand
I ,,
John Smothynge
2 burgages
5d.
H
oWing.
I
selion
... I
))
... I
)i
2
selions
... I
selion
-1
selions
2
,,
... I
selion
. ■ . I
... I
3
55
selions
2
51
... 1
selion
... I „ 5d.
... I „
2 selions
... _ ,,
1 selion
... I „
2 butts of lani
I selion
.Summa totalis Hrnie burg, usque hue, 64s. 4d
in Endenl^
Yearl
y Rent
d.
1
0
... 0
6
0
3
0
10
... 0
2
I
0
I
6
2
0
4
0
0
3
I
0.
0
6
I
0
0
6
0
9
0
10
0
6
0
6
4
0
... 0
6
... 0
7
•re ... 0
6
... 0
9
2
0
TEN.^iNTS .\T Will.
£ s. (i.
There is a smithy which formerly paid yearly ... ... ... ... ... 024
A close called Poundeclose which formerly paid ... ... ... ... 020
A parcel of land called Saltegryse by the Cokett, occupied by the tenants of .^mbell
formerly paying ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 030
Edward Radclyf, constable of Warkworth castle, for a close called Eglyshalgh ... 034
A parcel of land called liowehalyh which formerly paid ... ... ... ... 006
John Scalys for two small closes near ihe chapel of St. Mary Magdalene... ... 020
Edward Radclyf, constable, for the Est Mayns and West Mayns ... ... ... 10 6 8
Ibidfin, the corn mill ... ... ... ... ... ... S o o
Ibidem, the herbage of a )5ark called Sunderland in the
lord's hands besides the keep of the lord's wild animals (ultra sustentacionem
ferarum domini in eodem) ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... 200
Henry Barker, a common bakehouse with toll and stallage ... ... ... 168
In the lord's hands a garden of which the herbage and fruit is worth yearly ... *
A burgage next the castle in which the castle gate keeper lately lived ... ... 068
Sum of the rents of tenants at will, ^22 6s. 6d.
- Blank.
148 WAKKUOK III PARISH.
On the 22iul of May, 1517, there was a brawl near the walls of the
castle between John Heron and Clement Ledyll of Warkworth on the one
side, and Robert Wilson, Hcnrv Wilson, Robert Smith, and Edward Arnold
on the other. Robert Wilson was stabbed bv Heron, who forthwith, with
his accessory Ledyll, fled to Durham, wlu-re on the 24th of the same month
he obtained the sanctuary of St. Cuthbert.' Three vears later, on the
5th of March, 1519/20, Alan Elder was so wounded on Hilton Moor
by George Mayll of Warkworth (abetted bv his townsman Anthonv Heron)
that he shortly afterwards died : both Mavll and Heron took sanctuarv at
Durham.''
In the record of the muster taken in 153S, the township of Amble is
grouped with that of Warkworth ; out of the total number of fiftv-five men
provided by the two places only the officers and garrison of the castle and
one oi- two others, making up the number of eight, were furnished ; the
remainder were entered as able men, but wanting horse and harness.
Warkworthe with Ham belle Muster Roll, 1538.-'
Cutlibt. Carnal))-, esc|uyer, constable of Warkworthe, and hys serxnts.
Lconerde Myres, Robt. Kellett, Robt. Davyson, George Care, keper of Warkworthe park. Thomas
Huntley, under keper of Acklington park; able with horse and harnes.
Robt. Davson, Georg Fynche, able with horse and harnes. Thomas Lyone, John Whaylle, Thomas
Turner, Robt. Burnyng, Andrew Fawsyde, Thomas Wyghtman, Robt. Myllner, Cuthbt. Wightman, Water
Wylle, Willme Coll, Geoige Yong, Heire Hudson, Thomas Hall, Edmond Hewyston, Robt. Care, Thomas
Wyghtman and William his son, John Dave, Thomas Hedley, Thomas Blaykstay, Pet. Hunt, John
Wyllson, Robt. H^dle, Willme Proffete, George Herryson, Henry Davson, John AUenson, John Wyghtman,
John Wyllson, Wyllme Franchez, Thomas Profifett, Willme Ellder, John Dychame, Thomas Ersden, Ed.
Landyll, Thomas Redell, Robt. Hudson, able men wanting horses and harnes.
WarkworiH: Ed. Hudson, Thomas Horden, Thomas Monk, Henry Lyddyll, Thomas Stelle, Thomas
Wryght, Robt Mastayn, Leonard Brdon, Rolande Hurdilton, John Aynsley, able men wanting horse
and harnes.
A survey made about the year 1567* possesses, besides its intrinsic
value, a special interest in the side-lights cast upon the district and its
inhabitants. The violence of the Coquet in flood time, and its chang-in"-
course, the old haven at the foot of the New-town, and the traditional settle-
ment of the latter with fishermen, are noticed, as is the e.xport trade of coals
and grindstones. In the town the old tolbooth lay waste;'' there had been a
' Sanctuarium Dunelmensc, p. 75. Surtees Soc. No. 5. - Ibid. p. 8l
' Arch. Ael. .^to series, iv. p. 162. ' Duke 0/ Northiiinhirlaiid's .MSS.
' In 14S0 the tolbooth lay waste and yielded no profit. Baibffi .Accounti.
THE BOROUGH OF WARKWORTH. 1 49
moot-hall, but even its site was forgotten, and for want of a more suitable
place the manorial courts were customarily held within the parish church,
though it was inconvenient for such a purpose ; the bridge masters (custodes
pontis) still survived and possessed a freehold burgage as an endowment.
At the first situation of the said borowghe, before the same was inhabited, yt was thought that in all
the lordship of Warkworth there was not one so mete a place to be founde like the scyte of a borowghe as
it is wher nowe the same is situate and builded for div'ers considerations, first beyng situate upon the
said ryver Cockett wherein the sea hath course to ebbe and flowe, and also not farre from the haven or
water mowthe, which at that tyme ranne forthe at on parcell of grounde nowe called th' old haven to the
sea, and not farre from the iland Cockett, which was not onely one greate streinght for the haven diverse
wayes but also betwext the said iland and the land, shippes, crayers or boates might and yet may well
have place called a rode-stead to rydde in by auncre in saveftye unto such tyme the tyde did serve to goo
into the said haven or abyde the wynde to serve them in the vyadge, in fishinge or else where, and for
that at that tyme, as nowe, were a'so requisite was thought good for diverse causes those persons which
sholde trade ther traffique by sea as maryners or fishermen (owners of shippes and merchaunts onely
excepted) sholde inhabyte and dwell together, evene so was sett forthe one parcell of grounde for theme to
inhabit upon, as this daye called the Newe-towne, and nowe, althoughe not inhabited, the grounde or
rigge therof is nowe used and occupyed by the burgesses of Warkeworth (althoughe at the lord's will as
herafter appearelh yet) in like sorte as they occupye their burrowe garthes, parcell of ther said browghe,
and burgages, and as the same parte of that browghe which is betwixt the castell and the bridg was
appoynted for th' inhabytingc of such as was merchaunts and other handye-crafts-mene, as well for the
utteringe and sale of ther wares, as also for lodging of such persons as had or shold have occasion to
resort ther, e\en so suche as sholde occupye and trade the seas, dwellinge at the sayd place called
Tenter-hewghe and the New-towne, sholde alwayes be nere the haven, and see ther ships and ..'■■..
Within this lordship, verie nighe the said castell and browghe, is diverse things to be had for the
comodety of suche persons as used ther traffique or trade of gettinge ther livinge by sea, as coale mynes,
grynde-stone quarells, with diverse others which neadeth not here to be resyted, besyde suche thinges as
by th' industrye of persons which hathe knowledge therin might be had, and as the premyss did gyve
unto suche as wer of gret wysedom at the begynnynge to plante ther borowes in such apte and mete
places as this borowghe of Warkworth is sett and planted in. Evene so as yt ys all togethers as well to
the lord's comodetye of that lordship, the welth of the inhabiters ther, the profite and comforts of th'
inhabitors of the whole countrye, likewise we, consideringe our duety to God and neighbor, may be
ashamed not to go thorowe and accomplishe those things founde owte for our welth by suche as before us
haih bene, but rather abolyshinge and negleciinge the same we permytt and suffer ourselves throughe
idlenes to be noiated ' and called th' abject of this lande and continually livinge in penury and distress.
The said borowghe of Warkworth is strongely situate in ane angle as befor. If the course of the
sa>'d water of Cockett wer at the west syde of the sayd borowghe stayed, as yt easily may be, so that
the grounde of the burgage ther nor of any place adjoininge to the same \voidd not by vyolence of the
sayd water be worne awaye, in likwyse the water having the course to the west syde yt sholde growe
so deph, there shold be no passage ther, nor lykwyse one no parte of the back syde of the sayd borowghe
yf the passage at the bndgesend were stopped, and also at Helsaye forde, and one stone walle and on
good payre of gates in the same for the passadge from the . . t ■ • towardes the sowth the sayd walle to
be mad from the kilne howse to the castell moyte then sholde the tow . . | , .
The burgesses of Warkworth have one comon pasture ground lyinge one the west syde of the water
Cockett on the north syde of Morwick which ther auntecessors had by the gift of Sr Hewghe Morwyke
the lord of Morwyck, the said ground because it lyeth without the sight of the towne of Warkworth, and
also that yt ys all open yt ys eaten and surcharged with the cattell of Morwyck, W'alk-mylne and Brodder-
' iVcjc', ' noye,' drowned, overwhelmed, etc. Catgnivc. '■■ One line missing. | Illegible.
150 WARKWORTH PARISH.
wyck. so that the said burgesses have but small comoditye therof, yt ys against all reason that yt shold
be so used with th' inhabiters of the sayd lowne, for that if right they have not challenged no comon nor
pasture therein, for the said burgisses do, and of auncyent tynie forthe of memorye have been accustomed
to, goo aboute the bounder of the sayd comon ground every yeare upon St. Marke's day, and yf they did
fynde the same grounde digged or tyrved by any of the sayd townshipps they wer greavously amerced
at the lord's courte, and yf they did fynde any of the cattell pasturinge withm the sayd comon they
either did bring them to the comon pounde at Warkworthe, or at least drove theme forthe of the
ground of the sayd comon, and took seurty of th' owners therof to aunsuer at the court of Warkworth
for there trespasses.
.And wher in auntyent tyme ther hath bene within this borowghc of Warkworth one house to keep the
lord's courte in, called the mute-hall, nowe in these our dayes ther is no suche place within the said
boroughe, for the said mute-hall hath tyme forthe of memorye bene in ruyne and decaye, the mention of
the scite therof nowe not well to be knowen, so that nowe in these our dayes we doe keape the lord's
courte in the churche,' one place which was never builded for such a thinge and is as unfitt for the
purpose, it wer good his lordship's courte were keapt within the castle, and especilly when his lordship
were absent and did not l)e there, unto such tyme as God provyded to encrease in better order and that
ther wer a howse buylded for one courte-house or mute-hall as in tyme auntyent yt hath bene as befor
ys declared.
M v lord hath all manner of ryaltyes within his lordship of Warkworth, as also wreck of the sea, jeatson,
flotson and the like, if ther wer any trade of shippinge or transportinge of any kinde of merchandize unto
and from this haven or boroughe of Warkworth, his lordship have custome called chevagiu(m), and also of
all suche boats coming within the haven aforesaid, which is to be repected in the like otder as yt ys in the
havyne of .Memowthe, in the tytle wherof all such auntyent custom and devvtyes ys fully and at leingth
declared.'
The tennants of this lordship be for the most parte nether well horsed nor yett have good armour,
wherfore it is much convenyent they shold be mustered by the counstable taking vyewe of them, and
cherishing suche as doe dewtifully serve with good and able horses having good armour ; th' other to be
warned and have daye gevin unto them for to prepare theme with such armour and hoises as by ther
copyes they are bound to serve his lordship with all, under the penaltye conteyned in ther sayd copyes,
oneles povertye requyer a further tyme for suche to provyde theme with the premises.
The poverty of this towne or broughe of W'arkeworthe ys to be respected, for considering the gret
resort ys alwaye of gentlemen, as also others of mean degre, to his lordship, which wilbe rather the more
the tyme of his lordship's abode in the castell of Warkeworthe, for diverse considerations, for the which
yt ys much necessarye that ther shold be lodgings provided for theme, which in no wise may be helped
withowt the burgisses therof be, by some means, benyfitted and helped so that they may be the more of
ability, and have to pleasour straungers withall then nowe ys apperteaninge unto them, which by no way
can be oneles my lord gratify them with some comodetye and cause suche old auntyent orders be newly
taiken, as was at the first tyme the sayd borowghe was playnted which be these than followe, viz. :
First, that wher ther be nowe remayninge within the said broughe, as partely is before toutched, many
persons . . f . . are not artificers but seake ther livinge by other means and trade, such are not to be per-
mitted to remayne and dwell therein and to consider the quantite of the towne, the nombre of burgesses,
and then place so many artificers to inhabit the same, so they be of such science and craftes as is most
' The church of the parish was, at least as far as ihe nave was concerned, the parish hall, where
meetings were held, and often where valuable agricultural produce, such as wool, was stored. The idea
that a church was a sacred place, in which after divine service was over, no business was to be
transacted, is not older than the movement which Laud instigated. Thorold Rogers, Ecunomk Interpre-
tation uf History (188S), p. I44- ■"' Q- "• PP- 475-48l. t Illegible.
THE BOROUGH OF WARKWORTH.
•51
able to Wynne ther lyvinye in the same, and so many of every occupation as shalbe thouuht meate and
expedyent, and wher ther be diverse burgage of small quantite and will not serve for lodginge for
strangers on parte of them to be laid to others and so make fewer of theme in nombre, th' other parte to
remaine to be dwellinge howses of suche as wilbe caryers of salte, badgers of corne, or serve other for
ther money, whom the comon-welthe cannot want, this done, the New-towne plainted with fishermen, the
coalefeldes at Uoxden ' and other places of this lordship wrought, the free stone quarrells for grynd-
stone, the salmon fishing mainteyned, no kipper slayne alonge the water of Cockett nor in little becks
which runeth into the same, the . f . which is but . | . pase over casting broad and deape and the course
of the water stopped on bothe sydes, beneaghe the same, which is easy to be done, and my lord of his
goodnes to gratifye the said burgisses with the west demaynes, towle and stalladge, as also the burowe
rent, payinge his lordship and his heyres his old auntyent rent of assize, then will ther be sufficient deap-
ness of water, within the haven, and water that shipps of indifferent tunnidge or portadge, may come
nighe the towne and have lastadge sufficient for the full lodding of ther ships, the sayd demaynes casten
in closinge, inclosed with quickwood dick, devided indifferently among the said burgesses . . [ . .
Edmund Hall and William Humberston who were at Warkworth on
the 19th of May, 1570, reported that
The borough standyth on the north parte of the castle at the foote of the hyll, meanly buylded and
inhabyted wyth many poore men which have no trade of lyvyng but onely fyshyng to the sea, and some
land not suffycyent lo maynleyne ther fam\ly, for the most parte of the landes in Warkworth vs in
demeane and graunted by the lord to fermors which use the benefyte therof according to ther graunt.-
Grouped under the head of the lordship of Warkworth, the following
townships fiuTiished a total of twentv-eight men at the muster of the
Middle Marches on the 2nd dav of Mav, i s8o, viz. : Birlins:, seven ; Hidi
Buston, eight ; Acklington, live ; East Thirston, two ; West Thirston, three ;
Guvzance, two ; Warkworth, one.''
The following list shows the names and the nature and value of the
holdings of the tenants in 1585-1586 : ■*
.A.gnes Huntley, widow
John .Alexander
Nicholas Mylner
John Cowie ...
Robert Cowle
Edward Howatson ...
Elizabeth Gofton
Nicholas Howatson...
Ibiti.
Ibid.
John Wighlman (under
The Borough ok
Previous Tenant.
Thomas Huntlev
Robert Mylner i
George Dawson ... i
Thomas Dawson ... i
Ibid. ... I
Ibid. ... I
The churchwardens ... i
Edmund Howatson ... i
Robert Burnegale ... i
Thomas Wightman ... i
W.\RK\VORTH.
Holding.
1 burgage with i selion
..I „ called the smidy house
„ with I selion
„ „ I small waste
„ called the Black hall
with 2 selions in Endmyre
,, I selion in Endmyre...
and I selion called the
Churchwarden land ...
^'early Rent.
s. rl.
.06
I O
. o 10
Togston. -■ P.R.O. Miscellaneous Books, Exchequer, xxxvii.
' Cell. Bonier Papers, Bain, i. pp. 20-22. ^ Duke of Northuinherland's MSS.
T Illegible. ] Remainder unintelligible.
15^
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Heirs of John Taylor
Widow Hall
John Browell
William Carre
Thomas, son of John Taylor
Robert Todde
William, son of Widow-
Jackson ...
Robert Finche
Ibid.
Nicholas Barker
The widow of Nicholas Finche
Thomas Barker
Cuthbert Hodshon
John Mullen
John Finche
Thomas Hoppyn
Robert Finche
The widow of Nicholas Finche
William Barker
William Finche
The heirs of Thomas Himtley
Richard Steyle
Thomas, son of Robert Davy,
deed.
Robert Finche
Richard Smith
Robert Hall
John Wright
Heirs of Robert Beidnell ...
John Finche
John Watson
Thomas Meadowe
Widow Lighton and Roger
Lighton ...
Thos. Prophet and Ric. (jofton
Thomas Davyson ...
John Watson
Robert, son of Edwd. Hall...
Robert, son of Thos. Wylson
John Mimcke
(juy Finche ...
Thomas Bayard
Bartram Wightman
William Elder
James Cley, son of Agnes
wife of Roger Cley
Previous Tenant
The said John Taylor
.St. Mary's chantry
Ralf Hodshon ...
His father
William Todde...
— Yonge
George Davy ...
His father
Himself ...
Mis father
Himself ...
Holding. Yearly Rent.
s. d.
1 burgage with i selion inEndmyre... 2 g
2 burgages ... .. ... ... o 9
I burgage witli i selion inEndmyre... o 7
2 burgages with I selion
I burgage with I selion in Endmyre..
The churchwardens
Thomas Daw ...
The churchwardens
Widow Tomson
Widow Hunter ...
Elizabeth Finche
John Robinson ... . .
The churchwardens
Robert Lighton, husband
of Widow Lighton...
The keepers of the bridge
The chantry there
John Cairbarne...
His father
Ihiii.
Thomas Johnson
The churchwardens
with I selion in Endmvre..
I burgage
I burgage and l garden, with i selion
in Endmyre
I house on the site of the vicarage ...
I burgage and i selion
1 burgage or house called Wamobes
and I selion
I burgage with i selion
I „
I burgage with l selion in Endmyre...
2 burgages and i garden
I burgage with i selion
I „ with I selion
I
I „ with I selion
1 .. .,1 „
I .. ,. ' >i
I ., „ J "
I small house ...
I burgage with i selion
1 „ „ I "
2 burgages with 2 selions
0
i^
I
9
0
9
0
6
0
9
0
6
0
9
0
9
I
6
I
6
I
6
I
8
I
3
I
4
0
7
o 6
o 5
o 4
o 6
o 6i
0
7
0
6
0
6
0
6
I
1 1
I
6
0
4
0
9
0
6
0
2
0
6
I
0
0
6
0
3
0
-t
I
0
I
6
2
0
THE BOROl'GH OF WARKWORTH.
153
Tenant.
Previous Tenant.
Christopher, son of Thos.
Earsdon In right of the chaplain
of Ahiuick ...
John, son of \Vm. Maxon of
Guyzance
John,son of George Singleton
William Anderson
Heirs of William Johnson of
Grange Formerly John Wylson
John Hall 'Hie chaplain of St.
Mary's there
John Wilkinson /'"''•
Edmund, sonofThos.Horden His father
Hol.l
1 luir'jatfe with i selion
selions
John Bayard
Matthew Browne
Martin, son of Thos. Wight
man
Richard Gofton
Nicholas Sainct
Thomas Wright
Leonard Steyle
William Ttuiier
The chaplain of Alnwick
Margaret Hroderwick ...
John Sauthin;.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Yearly Rent,
s. d.
O 6
0 6
1 C
I selion
o 9
burgage with 1 selion
2 seliiins
I selion
.. 0
5
.. 0
5
.. 0
6
.. 0
6
.. 0
6
.. 0
6
.. 0
6
.. 0
g
.. 0
8
.. 0
8
.. 0
8
2 17
"7i
Summa of the burrowe rentes aforesaid by yeare
The survey proceeds to state that :
The lordes of the said castle manor and lordship have had, and aUvaics used to have, Court Baron
from three wekes to three wekes, and Court Leet two times in the yeare, viz., within one moneth next after
Easter and within one moneth next after the feast of St. Michael ih' archangle, together with all liberties,
royalties, and privileges belonging the same Icte : with free warrant of fishing and fowling, hawking and
hunting throughout the whole manor and lordship aforesaid, and all felones' goodes and the goodes of
fugitives and outlaues, the goodes of felons of themselves and deodandes, all goodes wayved, goods
estraied, bloods and fraies and the correccion of the breakers of th' assize of bread and ale, and other
royalties whatsoever happening within the said manor.'
The lord and his ancestors ha\e, and time out of memorie alwaies have had, and used to have, all sea
wreck happening within the said tnanor and lordship ; the profit of ancorage of eveiie ship or great boat
comeing and landing within the same ; and the custome or toll called ihcnai^ium of all or anie goodes and
wares sold forth of anie ship, boat, or crare lying and being within the limits of the said manor and
lordship. -
In the month of June, 1591, a ship was driven ashore at the mouth of
the Coquet under circumstances detailed in the following letter dated the
15th of June, written by William Fenwick (one of the earl's officers) to the
earl of Northumberland :
Right honorable : Maye yt please your lordship to be advertised that upon Sundaye at night last there
was a pynnis diyven in at Cockett mowthe, which the companie doo alledge doth apperteign unto my lorde
of Bathe, and I understandinge therof beinge at Alnewick made my repaire to the place where she was
Di(ke of Northumberland's MSS.
- Ibid.
Vol. V.
1 ^4 WAKKWORTH PARISH.
with the ayde and assistance of the towne of Alnewick and other of your honour's men theraboots, and
cominge to them demaunded what comission they had to goo unto the seas, could shewe none, whereupon
I cawsed the said shipp to be seased upon and brought as nighe unto Warkworthe as any water would
serve withall, which said shipp was furnished with beare and biscatt and other victualles and nothinge
elles of any value except two mucatts and some other fyve or vj small peeces, and therupon 1 have cawsed
the sayles and other impliments of the said shipp to be brought and layed up in your honoi-'s castle of
Warkworthe and stayed the said shipp at Cocket mowthe and have broughte the company which were in
the said shipp unto Sr. John Forster, lord warden of the Middle Marches, to be examined; whose
examinacions I send your honour here inclosed, the coppie wherof the said Sr. John Forster hath sent
unto my lord admirall, and after their examinacions taken I have comitted the said companie to the castle
of Alnewick; my doings and procedings wheiein I thought I could doonoles but signifie unto your honour
that yf there be anye forfeture fownde, your honour, havinge intelligence as the case dothe stande, maye
clayme that which to your honour justly apperteigneth.'
Not long after, Sir John Forster, writing from Alnwick to Lord Burghley
on the igth Jnlv, 1591, asks for directions for the speedy trial of
the sixteen men driven ashore at Warkworth, who lie here in great misery desiring their trial, and I am
greatly troubled keeping ten men to watch them and other charges, having no fit gaol to keep them in ;
seeing that the matter belongs to the admiralty, I beg direction either for their speedy trial or that they
may be taken to Berwick wnthin my lord chamberlain's rule as vice-admiral. I have written to Mr.
Bowes to certify you and the council what the king of .Scots can lay to their charge, not knowing what he
has done, but 1 trust you will disburden me of keeping them any longer."
Six vears later, in the autumn of 1597, the discipline of the wardens
seems to have been rela.xed, for Tobias Matthew, bishop of Durham, writes
to Lord Burghlev, on the 24th of November, suggesting that Mansfield, an
officer of Lord Eure, and Mr. Percy, constable of Alnwick, should be called
upon for an explanation ' how it comes that for these two months or there-
abouts the Scottish and English thieves are quietly allowed to ride from the
head of Liddesdale through Kedesdale to the very sea syde at and about
Warkworth, as it were traverse by a diameter throughout Northumberland,
over and over, againe and againe, without impeachment.'''
In a survey made in 1616,^ the township was computed to have an area
of 1,134 acres: the lord's demesne lands, etc., comprised 786 acres, the waste
and common lands 265 acres, and the remainder was occupied by the street
and bv the houses, gardens, garths, and closes of the burgesses, and by their
lands in the New-town.
The site of the borough town of Warkworth beginning at the bridge there which is built of stone,
with two arches being ten perches and a half long and one perch broad, with a gate house of stone at the
south end thereof and a prison in the same.
The names of the burgesses beginning ' at the north side of the same streete and going soutli ' :
(George Peaton, John .Allison, John Barker and John .Smith, John James, Richard (Lofton, Daniel Laing,
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. - Cal. Border Papers. Bain, ii. p. 380.
"■ Ibid. ii. p. 459. ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
THE BOROUGH OF WARKWOKTH. 1 55
Elizabeth Watson, (leorge Hall, Robert Wilson, Tliomas Harper, Edmond Finch, John Finch, John
Beard, John Finch, Christopher Elder, William James, John James, John Wilkinson, Roger Taylor,
Robert Haddon, Thomas Singleton, John Mill, John Hall, John Wilkinson, Edmond Hordon, Thomas
Anderson, Thomas Clark, Thomas Wright, John Hall, Wilham Turner, George Whitehead (the kiln-
house), Andrew Taylor, William Hordon, Hugh Saint, William Cowper.
'Going back again to the west row and so forward to the church': Thomas Lewins, John Millnes,
William Dennet, John Cowlc. Thomas Gray, ibidem, Richard Gofton, Cuthbert Dickinson, James Bell,
George Stott, Roger Taylor, Thomas Nixon, John Tweedy, William Wright, Robert Gofton, Margaret
Taylor, George Cocke.
'To a lane called Todd's Lane and so forward to the church': Charles Brewell, Robert Mallery,
Robert Finch, iliiiiciii, Edmond Finch, ibidem, Agnes Barker, Cuthbert Hodshon, Brian Hodshon, John
Lawson.
Mr. John Warewick, vicar, a tenement being parcel of his lordship's demesne.
' To a lane leading from the street to the river' : Vicarage and garth ; the church yard and site of the
church ; 'a little yard wherein standeth the ruins of a decayed chappell.'
'Beginning at the east end of another short row and going west towaids the cross': John Finch,
senior, 'a decayed messuage and a backside lying now together, with the fore mentioned chappell yard,
containing i rood ioi( perches.'
'A lane that leadeth to the church' : John Wright, William Straker, Thomas Lewins, John Smith of
Acklington, Robert Finch, Robert Davy of Birling, Thomas Lyndsay, Henry Finch, ibidem, John Finch,
Robert Barker, Edmond Finch a house stead and garth near the church style.
The following is a brief collection of the yearly rents, etc., of Algernon,
earl of Northumberland, in the barony of Warkworth in 1635:'
£ s. d.
Free rents in Warkworth ... ... ... ... ... ... ... i 12 11
Borough rent, with the rent of the bakcliouse ... ... ... ... 4 11 11
The rent of the park... 30 o o
The rents of the demesnes ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 103 iS 6
The rents of the mill, the Coquet fishing, and the sea fishing ... ... 240 o o
The rent of Acklington park ... ... ... ... ... ... 53 o o
Tenement and cottages' rents in .'Vcklington ... .. ■.. ... 53 12 2
Tenement and cottages in Birling ... ... ... ... ... ... 42 7 10
Rent in New-town, ;^"5 15s. 3d. ; Buslon, ^9; ISrotheru ick, {'1 13s. 4d. 16 8 7
Deductions :
To the bailiff for his fee per annujn ... ... ... £j o 8
To the borough grieve for collecting the borough
rent, per annum ... ... ... ... ... 168
lS4S u '■
4 7 4
There remains clear the sum of ... ... /.S4' 4 7
At Easter, 1667, the following tenants answered at the manor court :^
W.ARKwoRTH Court Roll (E.^stkr), 1667.
'Warkworth borough': Thomas Cook, Jane Elder, William Nicholson, Edward Huntley, Lione!
Lawson, John Kirton, Margaret Watson, Matthew Shotton, William Armorer, Peter Bush, William
Brown, Katherine Wood, William Elder, jun., George James, Henry James, Gilbert Cleugh, Christopher
Bard, William Taylor, John Bard, Thomas Mill, Isabella Hogg, Henry Wilkinson, Thomas Bard,
' Duke of Nurthumbcrland'H MSS. ' Warki.'orth Court Rolh.
156 WAKKWORTH PARISH.
Thomas Anderson, John Donkin, Thomas Robinson, Thomas Dining, Nicholas Levvin, gent., John Saint,
Ehzabeth Scroygs, Dorothy Cleugh, Richard Taylor, Nicholas Lewin, Thomas Harrison, Isabella Hogg,
Martin Turner, Thomas Tinner, Martin Brown, Thomas Davey, Christopher Gibson, Thomas Clark,
Barbara Anderson, William (jibson, Anne Cleugh, the heirs of William Fenuick, Roger Simpson, John
Huntley, George Cook, Thomas Browell, Mary Osmotherley, Robert Widdrington, ibidem, ibidem,
Richard Lisle, Thomas Warwick, William Mill, John King, Bryan Hodgson, Henry James, John
Heslehead, William Finch, Elizabeth Lindsey, William Robinson, Thomas Elder, John Dinning, William
Elder, John Collingwood, — Hodgson, Catherine Wood, ibidem.
The extracts are taken from the Court Rolls of this period :
16S1, 22nd October. Wc present the surveyor of the highways, viz., William Elder, jun., for not
observing' his ofifice in giving warning to amend the street and highways according to the statute; we
therefore amerce him 3s. 4d.
1693, 1 2th October. Whereas we liave amerced Ellianor, the wife of Robert Swann, for abusing the
jury, and for a turbulent and abusive scold amongst her neighbours, and amerced her l6s. 8d. Wee doe
order that if for the future she persist in scolding and abusing her neighbours, and give any of her
neighbours unbecomeing and unseemly words, we doe unanimously agree and further order that imme-
diately after her abuse that the constable within the burrough of Werkw orth shall forthwith take her and
bring her to the ducking stooll, and then punish her according to the law in that case made and provided.
And we doe order that the bayliff or burrow greive of the said burrowe doe give him, the said Robert
Swan, notice hereof, as also the said Ellianor, to the intent she may avoid the penalty and punishment
of the law.
1700, i6th October. Wee doe therefore order noe person or persons inhabitting or residing
within this burrough, and village or hamlet of Birling, shall for the future harbour or entertain any Scotts
men or women or any other strainger whatsoever within any of their seavrall and respective burgages
or dwelling houses, or in any part or parcell of their farme houses or any other dwelling houses what-
soever, untill the owner, farmer, or occupier of any such lands or tenements shall first repaire to Mr.
William Milbourne, the lord of this mannot's officer for the time being, and gi\e him such reasonable
security as the law requires, or els to forfeit 39'. n''. a peece.
171 1, 13th October. Barbara Milbourne, Thomas Cook, and James Fattison for refusing and denying
the ale-taisters to e.\amin whether their ale was wholesome according to their office. Wee amerce them
as on their heads, 2\
William Grumwell for vending white bread wanting 3 ouncess and half of weight in one penny loafe,
wee amerce him 12''.
1732, 12th October. Michael Hogg and William Browne, ale-conners, for being remiss in their
office in not insisting upon a quart of ale and paying i"'. for it when goeing about the town to taist the
ale, wee amerce them 12''.
The burgesses of Warkworth were originallv copyholders, paying to the
lord ' upon everv surrender or alienation one vear's rent of everv such
burgage so alienated or surrendered, and for relief after the death of every
such burgess one year's rent.'' Thev do not find a place in the e.Khaustive
list of freeholders in Northumberland preserved in the Book of Rates in
1663, though forty-seven years later they were recognised to be such.
The earliest Poll Book for Northumberland which has survived shows
that at the election of the knights of the shire on the 23rd of October, 1710,
forty-four persons voted for freeholds at Warkworth :
' Stockdale's Survey, 1586. Duke of Noi-thumheriand's MSS.
THE BOROUGH OF WARKWOKTH. 1 57
David Linn, William Ramsay, Bartholomew Waugh, Edward Young, John Shotton, Cuthbert Colling-
wood, Thomas Hodgson, John Wilkinson, Robert Wilson, Robert Shanks, Mark Elder, John Lamb,
John Donkin, John Huntley, Matthew Shotton, John Saint, James Pattison, Robert Gibson, Robert
Anderson, William Brown, James Rathey, Robert Davison, William Wharrier, John Favvcus, George
Castles, John James, Thomas Baird, Francis Warwick, Thomas Nicholson, John Wood, Robert Watts,
Thomas Clark, John Hudson, John Donkin, and John Turner, who all loyally polled for Lord Hertford;
Edward X'alentine, Thomas Cook, Henry Younger, Jesse Gordon, Ralph Linton, Robert Fawcus, and
William Weddell split their vote between Lord Hertford and .... Ogle; Nicholas Lewin split
his between 0>;ie and Tom Forster, and John Huntley polled for Lord Hertford and Forster.
The Court Rolls for the same year give the names of other tenants than
those who appear upon the Poll Book.
Wark\\oi-;th Court Roll, 1710.'
Barbara Milburn, widow, late Robert Milburn ; Edward Young, late Roger Young ; Thomas Nichol-
son, late William Swan ; John Huntley, late Daniel Laing ; James Patterson, late Richard (Lofton ; ibid. :
John Hudson, jun., late Anthony Blake ; John Hudson, late Anthony Anderson and (jeorge Hall ; Robert
Wilson, late Robert Wilson ; Matthew Shotton, son of Matthew Shotton ; Thomas Cook, late Edmund
Finch ; John Watts holds of the queen ; Edward Valentine, late Robert Valentine, his father ; Agnes
Milburn, widow of William Milburn ; Roger Young, late William Elder ; Mr. John and Thomas Davison ;
William Ramsay, late John Watt ; John Wilkinson, late Henry Wilkinson ; Thomas Buird, late
Christopher Baird ; Dorothy Bowden, late John Bowden ; William Wharrier, late Thomas Mills ; John
Hogg, late William Bullock ; John Wilkinson, late John Wilkinson ; Thomas Baird ; Alice Shanks, late
Thomas .Anderson ; John Doncon, late John Saint ; Robert Young, late Thomas Robinson ; Jane
Dinnand, late Robert Hall ; Jasper Gordon, at Widdringtone, late — Lewins ; John Saint, late John
Saint ; John Doncon, late John Saint; Anne, wife of Ralph Byram, late Dorothy Coulson ; John Fawkas,
late Constance Taylor ; Nicholas Lewens, late Thomas Lewins.
'Going back to the west row, and so forward to the church': John .Moscropp and William Bewdell, in
trust for David Nesbit, before them Thomas Lewin ; ibid., another burgage ; Mr. Robert Davison, late
Thomas Lewin ; Margaret and Elizabeth Barker, minors ; Robert .Anderson, late William Coul ; John
James, late Ann wife of Patrick Anderson ; John Turner, late Thomas Turner ; Elizabeth Brown, late
Maitin Brown ; George Castles and Grace, his wife, late John Hawdon, and Robert Hall and Jane, his
wife, one burgage ; Edward Brown ; Thomas Clark, son of Thomas Clark ; John Hogg, late William
Bullock ; Roger Young, late Edward Young ; Bartholomew Waugh, in right of his wife ; Edward, earl
of Derwentwater, late -Sir William Fenwick ; William Simpson, late Roger Gofton ; John Shotton, in
right of Jane his wife ; Ralph Linton, late George Cook.
' A lane called Todd's lane, and so forwards towards the church ' : James Rawthey and Elizabeth, his
wife, late Cha. Browell ; William Weddell, late Richard Cook ; George Castles, late Edward Castles ;
Robert Widdrington, gent., late Edward Finch ; Francis Warwick, late Patience Warwick, and before
her, Edw. Finch ; John Lamb, late Thomas Hudson ; Robert Gibson, late Thomas Hudson ; Thomas
Hudson, late Bryan Hudson ; Jane Dinning, late Thomas Dinning.
Vicarage: Mr. William Ion, late Mr. Thomas Smith, .Mr. Robert Davison, Mr. Nicholas Thomlinson,
Mr. Robert Simpson, and John Warwick, vicars.
'Beginning at the east side of another short row, and going westward towards the cross': John
Wood, late Thomas Wood, his father ; ibid. : ibid.
'A lane that leadeth to the church': Cuthbert Collingwood, late John Collingwood ; John Colling-
wood, grandfather of the said John Collingwood ; Eliza Elder, late William Elder ; Edward Valentine,
late Edward Valentine and Elizabeth his wife ; John Robinson of Acklington, son of Thomas Robinson ;
William Robinson, late Robert Davey of Birling ; John Gibson, late William Lindsay ; Henry Younger
of Widdrington, late Henry Fmch ; Robert Watts, son of John Watts; Robert Widdrington, gent., late
' Duke uf Nurthninbcrland's MSS.
158
WARKWORTH PARISH.
lane Jackson: Edmund Finch lioldeth a house, stead, and garth near unto the church style containing 29
perches. 'The common bakehouse stood here, opposite unto the house of Edmund Finch, but it is quite
ruinated.'
A scene in the drama of the rebellion of 171 5 was enacted in the
borough when Tom Forster at the market cross, disguised as a trumpeter,
proclaimed 'King James III.' ; and his chaplain, Buxton, in the parish church
at the morning service, on Sundav, October 9th, superseded Mr. Ion the
vicar, and prayed for James as king as well as for Mary the queen mother,
and all the dutiful members of the royal -familv. Ion discreetly withdrew
himself and proceeded to Newcastle to acquaint the municipal authorities
there.^
At the election of 1722,-' forty-eight persons voted for freeholds in
Warkworth ; in 1734," 53 persons; in 1774,' 45 persons; and in 1S26,' 43
persons voted.
' Cf. Sykes, Local Rccunh. A Prayer Book printed ni 1706, which remains in the x'estry of the parish
church, contains the folio ving entry : 'On Sunday, October the gth, 1715, being the 17th Sunday after
Trinity, the rebel forces were in possession of Warkworth. Forster, their general, sent to Mr. Ion, the
\ icar, to order him to pray for the Pretender and his family, which he refused ; on which one Buxton, the
rebels' chaplain, took possession of the church and read prayeis and preached. Tnis is the very book he
used.' An inscription on a joist in one of the inns m Warkworth purporting to relate to these events is of
modern introduction and apocryphal.
Benjamin Bennet mentions that at Warkworth the rebels promised 12''. a day to all persons entering
their service, except ' only the Presbyterians whom they expressly excluded from that honour.' ' I know
not of any remarkable piece of chivalry they did in any of these places, only their taking prisoner one
Thomas (jibson, a whitesmith in Newcastle, who fell in with them between Morpeth and Seton, and was
carried captive from place to place, as the first fruits of their warfare. From Warkworth to Morpeth they
set him on the bare horse pinioned ; and it seems, as he was riding through Morpeth in this condition,
some of the company took occasion to divert themselves with the prisoner, pointing at him and calling
him names, he crying out, '' For the hope of Israel I'm bound with this chain." Memorial of Dcnjamm
Bcnnct, Nonconformist minister, Newcastle, 1700-1727. Memoir of Ambrose Barnes, Longstaffe, pp.
459-460, Surtees Soc. No. 16.
- In 1721/2 there voted for freeholds in Warkworth : James .\nderson. William Brown, Ceorgc Castles,
Thomas Clark, John Collingwood, Thomas Cook, Thomas Davison of Barnhill, Thomas Dawson, John
Davison, James Dinning, John Donkin, Mark Elder, John Fawcus, Robert Fawcus of East Thirston,
Robert Gibson, lesse Gordon of Witldrington, Jesse Hall, William Hall, Nicholas Hill, Thomas Hodgson,
John Hogg, John Hudson, William Hudson, John Huntley of Birling, William James, .\ndrew Lamb of
Old Moor, Wilfrid Lawson, Ralph Linton, William Linton of Newcastle, Martin Milburn of Birling,
Thomas Nicholson, James Pattinson, John Pattinson, William Patterson, John Robinson of .^cklington,
John Rutherford, William Simpson, John Shotton, Joseph Shotton, Robert Turner of Guyzance, Edward
Valentine of Wooden, Bartholomew Waugh, William Weddle, William Wilkinson of High Buston,
William Wharrior, Edward Young, Roger Young, William Young. Poll Book.
^ In 1734 there voted for freeholds in Warkworth : Robert Anderson of Acklington, John .-Vrmstrong
of Xewton-on-the-moor, Thomas Baird, William Brown, William Carr, (jeorge Castles, Thomas Clark of
North Shields, James Cook, Thomas Davison of Barnhill, James Dinning', John Donkin, Mark Elder,
John Fawcus, Robert Fawcus, Ralph Fenwick of Warkworth Barns, W'illiam Gibson, William Gordon of
Widdrington, Anthony Hall, Jesse Hall, and William Hall, all of Togston Low Hall, Thomas Hodgson,
Michael Hogg, John Hudson, William Hudson, Thomas Hunter, John Huntley of Birling, William
James, Andrew Lamb, Wilfrid Lawson, W'illiam Linton of Newcastle, Martin Milburn of Birling, George
Moffat of Wooler, Thomas Nicholson, James Patterson, Thomas Rathy. John Robinson of .Acklington,
John Shanks, Joseph .Shotton, Robert Shotton, Robert Turner, Edward \'alentine of Seaton Delaval,
Thomas Valentine, Robert Watts of Newbiggin-by-the-sea, Robert Watts of South Blyth, William
Weddell, William Wilson, Robert Wilson, William Wharrier of Berlin, Edward Williams of Newcastle
John Widdrington of Newcastle, Edward Young, Fltlward Young [sic), William Young. Ibid.
' Ibid. ■' ////./. iirst election.
THE BOROUGH OF WARKWORTH. I Sq
The market place is in the street; in the middle of it is a market cross,
erected about the year 1830 bv the lord of the manor upon the site of an
older structure, which Warburton, writing about i/iS, describes as 'a hand-
some cross erected anno domini 1706 by George Lawson ' of Gloster-hill.'
Before its demolition and removal it was a plain upright stone, set in a socket
and raised by steps to the height of four or five feet ; it bore emblems, but
of what kind is unknown. At the end of last century, there was a small
market held every Thursday,' and three fairs each year, viz., on the
Thursday before St. George's day, the Thursday before St. Lawrence's day,"
and the Thursday before Martinmas. The last-mentioned is the only one
which lingers, and is now represented by a cart of pigs and a gingerbread stall.
Of the Borough school more will presently be said ; the National schools,
which succeeded a small school held in the parvis or chamber over the porch
of the parish church, were built in 1S24,' on a river-side strip of the lord's
waste. The foundation stone of the chapel of the Presbyterian church was
laid in August, 1828.' A structure built in 1866 for a Baptist chapel was
(with the consent of the Charitv commissioners) sold by the trustees in
1889, and is now a public hall belonging to the trustees of the village
reading room.
What is now the 'Sun ' inn represents a burgage which in the seventeenth
centurv belonged to the family of Lewin, who were freeholders in Amble
' Warburton MS. Duke of Northumlit-rUind's MSS.
- 1772. Notice is hereby given that a market for corn will be held at Warkworth, on Thursday, the
30th inst, and continue weekly every Thuisday. It may be expected that a considerable quantity of corn
will be sold at the above place, as the buyers of that commodity have engaged to give due attendance.
And as the butcher meat and all kinds of merchandise may be purchased on moderate terms, the farmer
or his dependants may be served with every necessary, and transact their business with as much advantage
as in the most opulent market town in the country. Newcastle Courant, 25th January, 1772.
^ Ahvays called and advertised as ' Warkworth Feast,' though it is now kept on the Sunday neai'est to
the 20th of August. See Allan, Tyiuside Songs, 1891, p. 409, for a humorous song relating to it.
' 1S23, 1st October. At the Manor Court a licence was granted to the Rev. Thomas C. Winscom,
vicar of Warkworth, to enclose a site to be staked out by the lord's bailiff for a school situated on the
Butts in Ember to be held under the yearly payment of 6d. as a rent certain. Scliuul Papers. An account
of the laying of the foundation stone appeared in the Newcastle Courant, 3rd April, 1824. Cf. Sykes,
Local Records. School rooms for the infants and for girls weve built in 1852 on land granted by the duke
of Northumbei-land. who also gave £[ 19 to the cost of building, the remaining /2S8 being subscribed by
the parishioners and others. In 1840 Ann Walton of Redcar in Cleveland by will gave £tcm to the vicar
of Warkworth in trust for the infant school ; this sum is now invested in consols. School Papers.
^ Cf. Neiccastle Courant, 4th August, 1828. The following is a list of the ministers of the Presbyterian
church: Thomas McKaine (who ministered in a room in the \illage) died 4th February, 1827;
1829-1835, James Blair, son of the Rev. — Blair, minister of Colmonell ; 1836-1S54, James Duncan of
Alnwick ; after his resignation he emigrated to Canada; 1854-1870, William Stewart of Newcastle,
after his resignation he "emigrated to New Zealand. On the 21st June, 1871, the Rev. William Rogerson
of Burnhead, Dumfriesshire, and of Edinburgh University, was ordained to and is the present minister
of the Presbytei-ian church at Warkworth. There is a register of baptisms, beginning 27th June, 1815,
and a manse was built in 1877.
l6o WARKWORTH PARISH.
and Hauxlev. The personal estate of Thomas Lewin of the parish of
Warkworth, whose inventory was filed at the Durham Registry in 1642,
amounted to ^336 6s. ; his will cannot be found, but it was proved by his
sons, John, Thomas, and Henry. On the nth of November, 1639, John
Lewin took out a licence to marry Martha Armorer, and at a court held on
the 2 1st of October, 1686, Nicholas Lewin was admitted to a burgage which
had belonged to his father, Thomas Lewin, deceased.^
1719, 26th November. Will of Nicholas Lewiiis of Bamburgh, gent., to be buried at the discretion of
m\' trusty friends, Thomas Wood of Burton and John Davison of ^^'arku■orth Barns, gents. To my
cousin Jane Lewins, sister of my cousin, John Lewen of Alemouth, at 2 1 or marriage, ^20. To my cousin,
John Ladder of Newcastle, .£40, to be paid at the expiration of his apprenticeship. To my cousin,
Matthew Ladeler, who now lives at the Friars, £\o when 21. To my nephew, Nicholas Bowman, /"20 ;
and to his son, Nicholas Bowman, £^. To my sister, Margaret Bowman, ^3 a year. To my granddaughter
(query, goddaughter), Elizabeth, wife of Fenwick Bowman, certain linen lying in the great chest in the
kitchen chamber. To my godson John Dawson, £20 when 21. To the poor of the parish of 15amburgh, ^4.
To the poor of the parish of Warkworth, 20s. To the above named Thomas Wood and John Davison,
and to Mr. Edward Grey of Shoseton, a guinea apiece to buy each of them a ring. The residue of my
personal estate and my messuage and maltkiln in Warkworth, now in the possession of Thomas Dawson
and George Greenswords, to my cousin, John Lew ins of Alemouth, for life ; remainder to his issue lawfully
begotten ; remainder to Margaret, wife of Thomas Dawson of Warkworth, and lier heirs for ever.-
Nicholas Lewin was buried at Bamburgh on the 9th of December,
1719,' and his devisee cannot have long survived him, for in an inquisition
taken on the 5th of October, 1724,^ it was found that the Warkworth burgage
had devolved upon ]\Largaret Dawson. She was aunt to the John Lewin*
named in the will and had been married on the 14th of August, 1709, to
Thomas Dawson of Warkworth.' Her grandson, George Dawson of Monk-
wearmouth shore, innkeeper, on the 31st of October, 1783, conveyed the
burgage to Joseph Harrison, who, twentv-one vears later, conveved or
reconveyed the ' Sun ' inn to his tenant, John Muers of Warkworth,^ who
about 1825 rebuilt the house. It was sold in 1866 bv William Muers (son
of the above named John Muers) to the duke of Northumberland.
The house next the castle wicket was formerlv an inn under the sign of
the 'Queen's head.' In 1720 it was the property and residence of Ralph
Fenwick, who married on the 24th of June, 1701, at Rothburv. Sarah
Kirton of Hau.xley. It was subsequently acquired by Robert Briggs of
Hawk-hill (died 18 14), and was given bv him to his son, William Briggs
' Warkworth Court Rolls. - Rev. John Hodgson's CoUcctwn. ■' Bamburgh Register.
* Warkworth Court Rolls. '' Duke of Sorthumherhiud's MSS. ' Warkworth Register.
' Henry Muers (father of John Muers) was baptised 23rd November, 1740, and married 31st October,
1769, Mary Dawson. Ibiit,
THE NEW-TOWN ANU COMMON.
l6l
of Cowpen, w hose widow remarried Mr. James Thobuni, and as Mrs. Esther
Thoburn had an allotment of common in 1856. After her death it was
sold in 1865 by her daughter, Mrs. Middleton, and ultimately acquired by
the duke of Northumberland.
A few doors to the north is a house which has a stone balustrade on
the top, and displays greater architectural pretension than its neighbours ;
it was rebuilt in 1818 bv James Grieve Burn.'
On the opposite side of the street is a house for many years the
residence of Captain William Crawford of the Scots Greys, a Waterloo
veteran, who died 1865. Below it is a house belonging to Mr. Christopher
Ord, over the door of which is a verv pretty pediment carved on
stone by a mason named Armstrong, brother to a former owner. Other
houses on the same side of the street have inscribed on their respective door-
W ^"
heads: 17 W. A. 27 (William and Alice Wharrier), T. I. (Thomas and
c. '717
Isabel Baird), W. S. (William and Sarah Carr).
1727
THE NEW-TOWN AND COMMON.
The New-town is an open field of about 50 acres, oblong in form, which
divides the township of Birling into two unequal portions, and is situated on
the north side of the river between the town of Warkworth and the sea. It
is crossed lengthwise bv two parallel roads and transversely by two other
roads. At its eastern end is a slake or marshy waste which, previous to the
change of course of the river Coquet in 1765, was a haven or mooring place
for fishing boats. A strip of ground up the centre and another strip at the
west end of the field and the land at its eastern end belong to the burgesses
of Warkworth as of their freehold. The remaining portion was formerly
held of the lord by the burgesses by lease, but is now held from year to year.
The rented portion is divided amongst the owners of the seventy-seven
reputed burgage houses in lots called 'half acres,' which profess to contain
that amount. The freehold portions are held by the same persons in sections,
denominated 'tens' and 'scribes,' as appurtenant and belonging to their
' He was the son of Samuel Burn, thiity-three years collector of customs at Berwick, who died at
Warkworth 22nd of February, 1816, M.l. i\lr. J. G. Burn married Margaret, third daughter of John
Neasham of Houghton-le-Spring, who died i.p.
Vol. V, 2 1
l62
WARKWORTH PARISH.
respective burgage houses. Some of the half acres, however, which lie at
the north side of the held, comprising an area of 13 acres, are within the
adjacent township of Birling, having, apparently, been granted bv the lord
as an enlargement of the original holding of the burgesses.
The New-town is first mentioned in the inquisition taken in 1249 after the
death of Rosfer fitz John, at which time there would seem to have been some
houses upon it, and the weeklv market granted or confirmed to Robert fitz
Roger in 1293 was held there. The ferm of the 'New borough' of Wark-
worth in 13 10, was returned as being worth 36s. per annum. Its inhabitants
appear to have been mostlv sailors and fishermen, but no traces of buildings
now remain.
Each of the plots of ground called ' tens ' seems to have originally
comprised the twenty-fourth part of an acre, or 6i perches ; the ' scribes,'
varying in width from 12 feet to 14 feet, are reputed to comprise 27 perches
apiece. To each burgage house in the borough was also attached half an
acre of arable land, situated at the Heather Leazes or the Moor-closes, at the
south-west of the township. The number of burgesses entitled to share in
these lands has varied slightly, for, as has been already stated, it is now
seventy-seven ; in 1760 and 1702 it was seventy-four; and in 1674 '^^'^ 1667 it
seems to have been seventy-two, whilst the following statement shows that at
an earlier date 139 selions and a close were held by twentv tenants.
New-town juxta Warknvouth, 149S.'
Tenant.
Holding.
Selions
of Land.
Yearly Renl
payable at
Martinmas and
W'liitsuntide.
Robert Barker...
3
0
6
John Dychaunte
S
2
0
Henry Barker ...
6
1
6
Richard Dychaunte
8
-,
0
Henry W'ayte ...
12
1
9
Thomas VVherrionr
4
I
0
The widow of James Robxnson
6
1
6
John Brown
10
->
6
Thomas Hasand
15
3
9
The widow of Tliomas Walker
and Richard Coke
'4
3
/
John Medewe
1 1
-y
9
Tenant.
Robert Myhiere
Thomas Hudson
Thomas Cuthiiert
RalfHall
John Harvy
William Cuthbert
Thomas Smytli...
John Colle, I close called Tcnter-
heugh
The widow of Thomas Walker
.Sum ...
Yearly Rent
Holding. paya
of Land.
y Kent
ble at
Selions Martinmas and
Whitsuntide
d.
6
10
2 6
1
J
0
9
I
f)
0
9
•■ 3
0
I
0
£' 17 5
There is an old close called the ' Tenterheugh ' at the west end of the
New-town. Most of it is now devoted to the new burial ground or e.xtension
' Cartingtons Rental ; DuIki' of NorthumhcrhimVs MSS,
THE NEW-TOWN AND COMM<)N. 1 63
of the churchyard. Another close near bv, which also belonged to the lord in
severalty, has been known since the year 1485 by the name of the 'Hangman's
acre.' On the 13th of October, 1534, a twenty-one years' lease was granted
by the earl of Northumberland to William Finch, probably in trust for
his fellow burgesses, of '119 selions of land and a small close called
Teintourhughe in the New-town,' at the yearly rent of 37s. 5d.'
About the year 1567 a survey' of Birling was made, and the surveyor,
after describing that township, proceeds to say :
It ys to be noted th:it upon the soueth-east parte of this towne [of Birling] lyeth one parcell of grounde
called the New-toune of newe Warkworth, nighe unto the sowthe-east ende of the said towne of Birlinge, and
yett it is parcell of the borough of Warkworth, as appearithe by the division therof to carten burgesses
thcr. It lyethe so upon ye southe and northe syds, it joyneth to the arable land of ISirlinge upon ye east
ende, called ye pastur grounde the lynkes, so farre as the arable land lyethe and so to ye full sea marke,
and also upon ye west ende and southeward alonge ye upcaste of ye ploughe of ye errable lande of ye said
towne of Birling to ye south ende of ye cragge at the Cragge-shotte, ys parcell of ye comone grounde of
ye boroughe of Warkworth aforesaid. And ye tenants of Birlinge have alwaies waye as well throwe ye
comon grounde of Warkeworthe lyenge at the easte ende of ye said parcell of grounde called ye Newe-
towne, as through ye said comon pasture lyenge at ye west ende therof nighe ye said Cragge-shotte to ye
said parcell of lande of Birlinge lyenge upon ye southe parte of ye said Newe-towne, and in lyke sorte ye
waye is noysome to )-e burgeses of ye said boroughe of Warkeworth. Evine so ye Newe-towne lyinge
amonge ye erable land of Birlinge and not inclosed, is mooche more hurtfull to the said tennants of
Birlinge which without some small parte of lande exchanged cannot by any meancs be reamedyed or
helped, which maye well be done seeing that ye fermors of ye said parcell of grounde called ye Newe-
towne as also of Birlinge are hys lordship's tenants at wyll.
The following entries on the Court Rolls relate to the New-town :
1681, 22nd October. We doe order that for the future none of the tennants of the New-town shall
leather or baite their horses or other goods upon the balkes or butts there from the tyme the corne be
sowen there and reaped and lead away upon paine of 6s. 8d.
1689, 1 2th October. You are to inquire whether Thomas Henderson, late of Warkworth, deceased,
had not in his life time two butts of arable land in New-towne field which did belong to his house as other
leased lands there doe, and whether or not he did not sell the same to William Elder of Birling, and
whether by the custoins of this burrough the same butts may not be retrieved and brought home to the
said burgage by the present occupier of ye said burgage upon his payment of the money to the party who
now holds the said lands which was paid at the time of the buying of the said lands, &c.
We finde that the sales have been made of the New-towne lands above menconed, yett not haveing the
lycence of the lord or his court the same upon repayment of the moneys paid for the purchase, or the same
hath been redeemed or brought home to the burgage from which the same hath been alienated.
1707, 15th October. Robert Shanks, Edward Young, and William Sympson, constables of Warkworth,
present Barbara Milburn and her servant for plowing away her New-town land and laying it on to her
freehold butt : we amerce her 4d.
In a case drawn up in 1760 it was stated that there are in Warkworth
seventy-four freeholders who have immemorially enjoyed in common as their
freehold a large open field called New-town : in this held are also 134 ridges
or butts of land, comprising 21 acres i rood and 10 perches, the property of the
' Bailiffs' Accounts, 1536-1537; Duke oj Northumberland's MSS. ' Duke 0/ Northumberland' i MSS.
164 WARKWORTH TAKISH.
earl and countess of Northumberland, which have usually been leased to two
or three of the freeholders in trust for themselves and others the freeholders
of Warkworth. During the then subsisting lease, which would expire at Lady-
day, 1 76 1, the leasehold lands had been enjoyed by forty-two only of the
seventv-four freeholders, and that in irregular proportions, for one freeholder
enjoyed 12 ridges, another 8, another 6, some 3, others 2, the rest having only
I ridge apiece. The thirty-two freeholders, who had been excluded from or
who had not enjoyed the benefits of the lease, petitioned the earl and countess
to be admitted to the benefit of the new lease about to be granted, and urged
that originally each freeholder in Warkworth held 2 ridges, and that the
original number of ridges was 148, which had been converted and reduced
to the present number of 134 by variations in ploughing. The claim was
resisted by the forty-two freeholders in possession, who, while admitting that
at some early time each freeholder might have held 2 ridges, alleged that they
had doubtless parted with their allotments for a valuable consideration.' The
claimants seem to have obtained their request, and it may have been at this
time that the slip of land in Birling township was added to the New-town.
Twenty years later, in 1781, the freeholders redivided and apportioned their
freehold lands 'known bv the tens in New-town.''
The following is a list of the persons amongst whom the 'tens' were
apportioned on the 31st of January, 1781, beginning at the east end and
proceeding westward in the following order :
The heirs of Barbara Taylor, George Dawson, George Castles (two tens), William Smith, William
Donkin, Lancelot Beal, John Simpson (two tens), Mrs. B. Cook, Richard Clutterbuck (five tens), the duke
of Northumberland (three tens), Thomas Elder (two tens), Thomas Archbold, the heirs of J. Routledge,
Jane Lauder, Henry Clark, Robert Shotton, James Huntley, J. Weddle, George Castles (two tens),
Bridget Grey, John Gallon, William Watson, John Rastrick, Jane Turner, the vicar, Barbara Smetlam,
Thomas Robson, John Wilson, John Huntley (two tens), William Smailes (two tens), Thomas Doors,
Robert Taylor, J. Wilson of Hadston, Marshall Robinson, Barbara Cook, Anthony Bell, George Tate,
William Tate, William Hudson, John Hudson, Thomas Wilson of High Buston, H. Henderson, Barbara
Milburn, John Watts, Betty Caul, .'\ndrew Fogo, 58 in all. The following tens proceeded southward at
the top of the river's banks and ended at Hclsay homestead : (lerard Nicholson (two tens), Thomas
Gordon, H. Tomlin, Michael Wilkinson, William Wilkinson, Thomas Cook, John Bolam, John
Armstrong, Henry Cramlington, Andrew Fram, John Fawcus, William .\nderson, John Lorimer, John
Brown, Thomas Dinning, Ralph Elder, Robert Fawcus, iS in all. Making a total of 76 tens.'
As has been mentioned in the general description of the township, the
common pasture of the burgesses always described as Warkworth Moor, lav in
' Abridged from a copy of the case in the Rev. John Hodgson's Collation.
- .Account books and papers in the possession of the borough grieve.
' Documents in the possession of the borough grieve.
THE NEW-TOWN AND COMMON. 16^
the south-west part of the township, though situated on the north side of the
river. The tradition which asserts that it was given to the burgesses by Sir
Hugh de Morwick has been controverted. The inscription on the effigy in
the parish church may not now be adduced as any evidence of the gift,'
but though no earlier information than that contained in the sixteenth-
century survey has been found, there appears to be some confirmation of the
tradition in the fact that, like the township of Morwick, Warkworth Moor is
within the barony of Alnwick" and not, as is the case with all the rest of the
township, in the barony of Warkworth.
A survey made about 1585'' describes the common in the following
words :
The burgesses and inhabitants of Warkworth have one common pasture called Whyrleshawes, lying
on the west side of Cocket water and on the north side of Morwicke, by the gift of Sr Heugh de Morwick,
then lord of Morwick, the limits and bounders whereof is as foloweth, viz., begining at Watersheugh-
forde and so going up the north side of Cocket to the Heire-ford, where, over against the said ford,
in the banck beneath the highe street, is a great graie stone with a crosse hewen in yt, and from that
stone westward to Warkworth banckes, then go up the water side to the Walke-milne hewgh dike, and
from thence go north up the burne called the Walke-milne deane (which is march betwene the said
common and Waulk-miln grounde) to the head of the said dene, where ther is march stones, and then go
from one stone to another as the same ledeth, till you come to a foole trodde lying east and west to a
march stone in the same marked with a cros, and from thence along that rode to a graie stone with a
cross at the Grang-dyke' nooke, and then along that dyke to another march stone at Gaweboat-yate,"' from
thence go south-east by the mencion of an old dyke called Brotherwick dyke to a march stone there," and
from thence southward to another graie stone with a cros at a letch besides the head of Lee-riggres, and
so southward to a stone at Brotherwick letche, and from that stone eastward downe the letch by the foote
of Brotherwick hill to Waters-haughe-forde where we begonne, within which bounder ther is supposed
ther is a parcell of grounde called Heyn-hewghe belonging to Braines-haughe by the gift of the said Sr
Hughe Morwick, yt hath bene arable and enclosed and now as of long time without memorie of man lieth
open and common and cont. by estimacion . . * . . acres or ther abowts.
The regulation and government of the common lands and other public
business were discussed and ordered in meetings dulv called by the bell-man
and held in the town's house, the orders made there being sometimes brought
up at the Court Leet for confirmation.
Differences as to boundaries having arisen between the tenants of Mor-
wick and Warkworth, articles of agreement were entered into on the 7th of
' Cf. description of the efiigy, p. ifcio below.
- Clarkson, in his Survey {circa 1567), uses these words: 'for Warkworth comen ys of the lordship of
Alnewyke, geven (illegible) the burgysses of Warkworth by Hewghe' (illegible).
" The Duke of Northumberland's MSS. * Sturton Grange.
■' A field on Eastlield farm abutting on Warkworth Moor at this [joint is still knouii by this name of
' Gawbutts.'
" One of the march stones 'marked with a cros' is lying on the dike of one of the Brotheruick fields.
■■■■ Blank in MS.
l66 WARKWORTH PARISH.
August, 1672, to submit to the award of George Burrell of Chibburn and
Thomas Burrell of Broompark as commissioners for Morwick, and Robert
Lisle of Hazon and Richard Wilson of Ulgham as commissioners for
Warkworth ; but they having failed to agree, the award was made on the
1 2th of June, 1673, by Robert Lawson of Ulgham, the arbitrator.'
In 1684 the burgesses entered into articles of agreement with William
Milburn, Martin Barker, William Elder, and John Huntley for themselves
and the rest of the township of Birling, that before the following Christmas
the town of Birling should build a sufficient new dyke between the New-town
and Birling east field beginning the same at the southmost corner of Helsay
crag."
At a Manor Court held on the 21st of October, 1686, it was ordered that
whereas the common had been ' overburthened with the goods of the inhabit-
ants bv keeping more stents than they can keep at stobb and stake ' that
thenceforth ' every inhabitant shall keep only fower stents for every inhabited
burgage.''
On the 3rd of Mav, 1699, it was agreed that 'every master of a family
who is a freeholder shall as this day falls appear and ride the boundaries';
everyone who had a horse was to appear mounted, and everyone making
default was to be fined 6d., to be levied by the constable forthwith. The
constabularv was divided into three sections, the first was called the ' Elmire
part,' the second the ' castle part,' and the third ' the part west the church.'
Between 1699 and 1703 the burgesses spent ;^"i8 lis. iid. in making the
' pavement about the cross,' in paving the town cawsey, the kirkside cawsey,
the townhead cawsey, the cawsey at the castle gate, the lonnen cawsey, and
the Gilden cawsey, in all 2,893 square yards, at a cost of i|d. or ifd. per
yard ; the greater part of the work still remains.'' The valued right of having
a midden in the street was assailed by an order made in 1716, ' that no free-
' Documents in the custody of the borough grieve. ' Ibitl.
' 16S6, 2 1 St October. Whereas the common or nioore belonging to the Ijurrough of Warkworth is
from tynie to tyme overburthened with the goods of the inhabitants by keeping more stents then they can
keep at stobb and stake, for the regulating of which and keeping good order and neighbourhood amongst
the inhabitants of the said burrouge we doe order that for the future from hence forward every inhabitant
shall keep only fower stents for every inhabited burgage, and that none shall take in any stents to
depasture or jeasted in the said common or moore upon paine of six shillings and eight pence for every
overstent, and the partie offending is to be presented at the lord's next court by the inoore-greives, and if
the moore-greives doe not inspect the same according to their office and present the offenders shall forfeit
the same paine of 6s. 8d. Warhmrth Court Rolls.
^ The pavement of cobble stones, which extended from one side to the other of the street, being found
inconvenient for horses and carriages was, in part, taken up about 1S30. and a macadamised carriage
way constructed.
THE NEW-TOWN AND COMMON. 1 67
holder or tenant within the said borough shall make or suffer to lay any
dunghill or dung in the fronts of their houses, or on any place on the public
street, upon pain of 13s. 4d. for each offence.''
1734, nth October. Wee are unanimously agreed that for the future noe inhabitant or burger within
this burrough of Warkworth shall suffer any dung or compost to lye att or before their burgages in the
high street, every person or persons from hence forth from and after the first day of Ma\', and persist (sic)
of laying any more there upon paine of 3' 4'' each inhabited burgage.
The burgesses being presented at a court held on the 24th of April, 1703,
for not mending the stocks, entreated to be granted wood to repair the
same." At Quarter Sessions in 17 13, Robert Shanks of Warkworth was
presented for ' badging ' and selling ground corn within the lordship of
Hartley, but having given a promise to Mr. John Delaval not to prejudice
his mill, he was, at Delaval's request, granted a licence in the following
year.'
In 1725, in exercise of their alleged right to the minerals under their
common, the burgesses agreed with James Ogle and Mark Patterson of
Acklington, as contractors, to sink a colliery: thev were to be paid ts. 4d. a
day each, and were to be allowed is. a day as wages for each of the 'six moi'e
good hands ' which thev were to employ : they were enjoined ' to make good
and diligent progress.' For the expenses connected with sinking the pit, a
lew of 2s. 6d. on each house was ordered to be collected bv the constable
with all convenient speed; at other times cesses were levied at 3d. a beast,
3d. a stent on sheep depastured upon the common, and a penny upon every
ridge in the New-town and Elmire.''
In 1776 the responsibility of repairing the road to Amble by the water-
side across the Goatses, which Mr. Widdrington of Hauxley sought to fasten
upon the burgesses, was resisted.'^
At the Court Leet held in 1782 it was ordered that as 34 acres of the
common lands at the Heather Leazes, and 4 acres on the north of the Coquet
contiguous to the moor, had been enclosed since the order regulating the
stinting was made in 16S2, thenceforth each burgage house should also
' 1721, 6th October. Wee present John Bulman for a newsance by laying a midden or dunghill on
the high street leading to Enmire which stopps and diverts the ancient watercourse and makes the said
way unpassable for carts and carriages. Warkwortli Court Rolls.
- Documents in the custody of the borough grieve.
^ Sessions Records. ' Badge,' to deal as a badger ; to hawk for sale ; to buy up (provisions) for the
purpose of selling again elsewhere ; hence to regrate. Dr. Murray, Neic English Dictinnnry.
' Documents in the custody of the borough grieve ' Ibid.
1 68 WARKWORTH PARISH.
be permitted to depasture one horse and one ox or cow or five sheep. In
1825 the burgesses agreed to give the Beal-bank hill and the brick-kilns to
the lord of the manor in exchange for 'Tibs-close' adjoining the demesne.'
To reach the common pasture a boat working upon a chain was constructed
in 1830 at a cost ^4 19s.; this was superseded in 1849 by the purchase,
for the sum of £'j 12s. of a wooden bridge at Waters-haugh, which had
been erected by the North Eastern Railway contractor, for the temporary
convenience of their workmen. Part of the moor was at the same time
taken for the railway, and /.450 was paid to the freeholders in compensation
of their rights."
The common was divided by the order of the Inclosure commissioners
under ' The Acts for the Inclosure, Exchange and Improvement of Land.'
The award' of Thomas Bell of Newcastle, the valuer appointed for that
purpose, dated the 20th of June, 1856, after setting out various public roads,
and reserving to the duke of Northumberland all mines of coal, stone, clay,
etc., gives to the duke as 'lord of the manor of Warkworth ' 13 acres and
18 perches adjudged to be, in value, one-sixteenth part of the residue of the
lands to be enclosed. The consideration received for 25 acres sold to the
duke was applied to defray the costs of inclosure, and the remaining portion
was divided in proportion to the proved claims of the burgesses, most of
whom had already agreed to sell their allotments to the duke.^
Since the division of the common the onlv property possessed bv the
community consists of a strip of land to the east of the bridge, lying in that
part of the village called the Butts. It represents the site of the old pinfold
with the town herd's cottage and garden, and upon it still stands a substantial
stone-built and red-tiled building, having to the front six small windows in
an upper and lower row. It was once in two stories, but now contains but
one large room. Over one of the windows the following inscription is cut
in contemporary lettering: 'This house was built by Mr. George Lawson
of Gloster-hill, who gave it to the town for a school-house, 1736.'
' Documents in the custody of the borough grieve. -' Ihid.
3 The original award, accompanied bv a coloured plan, is w ith the clerk of the peace at the Moot
Mall, Newcastle.
' The following burgesses did not sell their allotments to the duke of Northumberland : The vicar of
Warkworth, the devisees of Thomas Stuart, the representatives of Alexander Jackson, John Tate of
Guyzance, George Tate of Guyzance mill, Mary Ann Fawcus of Newcastle, (George Hall of New-
castle, Martin Jackson Morris of North Shields, George Younger, the representatives of Robert Shotton,
Thomas Turnbull, Joseph Browell, the guardians of James Burn, a minor, John Hiklreth of Wrekenton,
Gateshead, Robert Innes of Togston, Esther Thoburn of Blyth. Ibid.
NE\V-Tl)\VX AND COMMON.
169
The structure built bv the benevolence of George Lawson fulfilled
other uses than a school-house/ for its upper Hoor was used as the
residence of the schoolmaster ; until recently it was used for vestry and
ratepayers' meetings. No trust deed exists, and it is unlikely that such
a document ever existed, for the right to appoint and dismiss the school-
master has more than once been a matter of dispute, and in 1767 counsel's
opinion was taken. In the case submitted to counsel, it was stated
that the public affairs of the
town were regulated by such of
the resident freeholders as had
been made freemen, assembled
in public meeting duly called
bv the bellman and presided
over bv the borough grieve or
mavor. Freeholders were admit-
ted to be free on the day of the
annual bounder riding in the
month of May, ' by taking hold
of the arms and legs of the
persons who are to be admitted,
and dashing their buttocks against certain stones in the course of riding or
perambulating the said boundaries.' The borough grieve and the majority of
the freemen desiring to dispossess John Daglish, the then schoolmaster,
sought legal advice as to the process by which their claim might be carried
into effect. They were advised that, as they were not a corporation, they
were without power to bring an action at law, though the lord of the manor
might maintain an ejectment to recover possession of the school-house
which had been built upon the lord's waste, in which the freeholders had no
further right than to depasture the same with their cattle. ■
' The following- is a list, as far as it can be made, of the masters of the borough school : Thomas
Dalton, schoolmaster, buried 2nd January, 1716/7. Warkicorth Register. Circa 1761 : John Daglish,
whom the borough grieve and burgesses sought to eject in 1767. 1784: William Brown; 'he zealously
discharged the arduous duties of master of the borough school' for 52 years, and died 'universally
respected 2nd January, 1836, aged 82.' M.I. He made a survey of the New-town to be deposited in the
town's hutch, which is said now to be with the trustees of the town's lands. William Cowley of Glanton,
who left about 1847. To Cowley succeeded Richard Pringle, Robert Elliott (afterwards town surveyor of
Alnwick), William Burn, and John 1 urner : William Burn (reappointed), the last master of the borough
school, retired about 1893.
- Mr. L. Robinson. Case book in the possession of Mr. Geo. H. Thompson of Alnwick. Luke
Robinson of Kingston-on-Hull was admitted to Gray's Inn 3rd May, 1720, and to Lincoln's Inn 25th May,
1749-
Vol.. V. 23
^«.
The Borough School.
«
I/O WARKWORTH PARISH.
WARKWORTH CHURCH.
When Ceolwulf resigned the throne of Northumbria in 738 and entered
St. Cuthbert's monastery at Lindisfarne, at the same time endowing it
with large gifts in money and land, in addition to the territory of Warkworth
and its appendages, he gave the church which he had himself built there.'
Osbert, who succeeded in 849, took Warkworth away from St. Cuthbert, no
doubt including in the abstraction the church and its possessions. Whether
it ever again came into the hands of the congregation of St. Cuthbert or into
those of any other religious body or person is not known. It was, anyhow,
vested in the Crown when Henry I. became king of England. He gave it, by
a brief" addressed to Ranulf (Flambard) bishop of Durham and Roger Picot,
with other valuable churches, Corbridge, Whittingham, and Rothbury, to his
chaplain Richard de Aurea Valle. This gift must have been made before
1 123, in the early part of which vear I^obert Bloet, bishop of Lincoln, one
of the witnesses, died. It was a grant for life onlv, and Henry I., when he
founded the Augustinian priory at Carlisle in 1132, endowed the canons with
the church of Warkworth and the other three churches, to come to them on
the death of Richard de Aurea Valle.^ Though given in this way to the
priory the advowson became ultimately vested in the bishop of Carlisle, in
whose hands it remained until it was transferred in i8S6^ to the bishop of
Newcastle. Some transactions in the time of Pope Honorius HI. appear to
explain how the priorv lost their rights in Warkworth. In the year 1219a
' ' Intravit autem (Ceohvulfus) Lindisfarnense nionasteriuni, sancto Cuthbeito secuni conferens
thesauros regies et terras, id est, Bregsne et Werceworde, cum suis appendiciis, simul et ecclesiam quam
ibidem ipse aedificaverat ; alias quoqiie quatiior villas, Wudecestre, Hwittingaham, Eadulfingham, Ecgwulf-
ingham.' Symeon, Hist. Dtiitcliii. EicUsia:, lib. ii. cap. i, Rolls series, vol. i. p. 47. ' Post hoc successit in
regnum Ceolwulf filius Cuthwining, qui etiam se Sancto Cuthberto subdidit, et dimisso regno cum uxore
pro amore Dei se cum magno thesauro ad monasterium Lindisfarnense conlulit, barbam deposuit,
coronam accepit, et S. Cuthljerto villam nomine Werceworthe cum suis appenditiis dedit. Et hi sunt
termini istius villae. .Vb aqua quae vocatur Lina usque ad Cocwuda, et inde usque ad civitatem quae
vocatur Brincewele, et a Cocwuda usque Hafodscelfe versus orientem, et ab Alna usque in dimidiam viam
inter Cocwud et Alna.' Symeon of Durham, Hodgson-Hinde, p. 141, Surtees Society, No. 51.
'"'Henricus rex Angl., Ranulpho Dunolmensi episcopo et Rogero Picoto, et omnibus fidelibus
suis, Francis et Anglis et ministris de Northumbria salutem. Sciatis me dedisse Ricardo de Aurea Valle,
capellano meo, quatuor ecclesias de quatuor maneriis meis, scilicet NVercheorda, et Colebruge et in
Wyttingham, et in Routhebiria, tarn in terris, et in decimis, et in hominibus qui ad terras harum ecclesi-
arijm pertinent, cum soka et saka, et toll et theam, et infangandetheef, cum omnibus suis consuetudinibus.
Volo ut ipsa habeat et teneat. Tu vero, Rogere Pigot, seisi eum inde. aut Aluricus de Colebruggs, aut
Hamo balistarius, praepositus. aut Amewynus praepositus. Testibus, Roberto episcopo Lincoln., et
Willelmo de Werlewast, et Evrardo filio comitis, et Thoma capellano. Apud Cyrecest., in Nativitate
Sancti Johannis Baptistae.' The Percy Chartulary. Cf. Raine, Hexham Priory, vol. i. app. ix.
' Placila de Quo Warranto, 21 Edw. I.
' The rectory of Warkworth having been transferred to the Ecclesiastical commissioners, the advowson
was conveyed by the bishop of Carlisle to the bishop of Newcastle by a deed dated 29th July, 1886,
deposited in the diocesan registry.
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WARKWORTH CHURCH. I7I
letter was written to the pope by Henry III., telling him that Warkworth,
with the other live churches in the diocese of Durham given by Henry I.,
had been alienated, during the vacancy of the see, through the neglect of
the canons, and asking the pope to restore and confirm them to the see.'
A little later, in May, 1223, Pope Honorius confirmed to Bishop Hugh de
Beaulieu (1218-28) all the possessions of the see, present and to come, at the
same time referring to a division of them between the bishop and priory,
made by the abbot of Holme Cultram and the prior of Hexham, under the
authority of the legate, Pandulf, and other arbitrators."
In the reign of King John the advowson was in the king's possession,
and he presented his clerk, Thomas, to the rectory of Warkworth, who was
admitted and instituted.^
The church, dedicated to St. Lawrence,^ which occupies the site of the
earlier one of Ceolwulf, is pleasantly situated on the right, or south, bank of
the Coquet, a short distance from the river where it trends towards the east.
With its long line of grey walls and sturdy though lofty spire rising from a
tower of good proportion but marked by some characteristic northern
severity, backed on the north by the steep slope of a wooded bank, the
church forms a marked feature in the scene and well fills in the picture of a
small Northumbrian town.
Whatever may have been the nature of the church which Ceolwulf built
at Warkworth before he gave it to St. Cuthbert, or whether it was more than
a wooden structure, there certainly existed on the spot a stone church of pre-
Conquest date, which probablv remained until it was replaced by the present
fabric, in the main erected about the beginning of the twelfth century. That
this earlier building was a small one appears to be shown by the remains of
the foundations of its eastern termination discovered, immediately west of the
chancel arch, when the church was 'restored ' in 1860.^ In addition to these
' Rotuli Litt. Clausarum, i. p. 405 ,1.
" Calcinfay of Papa! Registers. Papal Letters, i. p. 91. Rolls series. ' Placita de Quo Warrantu, p. 391 a.
' Fantosme describes the sack of Warkworth by the Scots on the 13th July, 1173 :
' Mes les Escoz unt ars c lu pais guaste.
Le mustier Saint- Laurenz fud le jor viole,
Treis prestres el mustier par force escuillie,
E treis cenz humes morz, senz mot de fausete.'
Jonian Fantosme, p. 78, Surtees Soc. No. 11.
' During the alterations made to the church in i860 there was discovered 2 feet below the present
floor level the east end of a pre-Norman church measuring internally 7 to 8 feet in width (cf. figure . . .
on plan) with walls about 4 feet thick. These curious remains lie buried low near the chancel arch, and
consist of the angles of a building with a south wall running some distance westward. A huge stone
rested upon the south-eastern corner of this wall, which on being raised disclosed in the block beneath it
a longitudinal cavity. Rev. J. W. Dunn, Warkworth, History of Bcr. Nat. Club, v. p. 54 (1S63).
WAKKWORTH TAE'IISH.
foundations the only other object remaining which may be supposed to belong
to the pre-Conquest church is a small, rather roughly carved head-stone, with
a cross and an interlacing pattern upon it, which once no doubt stood at the
head of a grave in the adjoining cemetery.
The present church, a verv noble building, which in size and dignity
rises far above what might be looked for at Warkworth, must owe its erection
to a more than ordinary influence, and to the possession of means beyond
v -'..
Pre-Conquest Head-stone.
what might be expected from such a community as existed there. The
possession of more than mere local resources has therefore to be accounted
for.
The gift of the church at Warkworth bv Henrv I. to Richard de Aurea
Valle has already been referred to. It appears to have an important bearing
upon the building of the church. The grant may with much probability be
WARKWORTH CHURCH. 1 73
assigned to a time between mo and 1120, a date quite consistent with that
to which the erection of the church may be attributed, regard being had to its
architectural style. The ecclesiastic, Richard de Aurival, to whom the
grant was made not only of Warkworth but of the rich benefices of Cor-
bridge, Whittingham, and Rothbury, who was also prebendary of Browns-
wood in the cathedral church of St. Paul's, as well as chaplain to the king,
was a man of high position and wealth. Possessed of these endowments,
he must have been well able to make a large expenditure upon any scheme
which he took in hand, and the undertaking to build a church at one of his
benefices does not seem to be at all an improbable one. The small and
possibly poorly-built church then existing, may have appeared to be one quite
inadequate to the dignity of his position and the largeness of his revenue,
and he might reasonably be induced to replace it with a building which would
equallv do credit to his judgment and give honour to his position as a great
ecclesiastic.
The church, as constructed in the earlier years of the twelfth century,'
consisted of a chancel with the unusual feature of a groined roof, and an aisle-
less nave with a west end destitute of a tower. All the fine series of windows
belonging to the chancel and nave of the church then built, the greater part
of which still remain, have the semi-circular heads on the inside supported
on shafts with capitals of simple cushion form in the chancel and scalloped in
those of the nave. This difference in the capitals suggests that a short interval
occurred between the building of the chancel and the nave, though probably
there was no intermission of the work. The chancel arch, which is now
pressed somewhat out of form, is richly decorated with roll and other
mouldings, and is an important addition to the general effect of the building
of which it forms a conspicuous feature.
To the nave as originally constructed there was added, at the very
beginning of the thirteenth century, if not a little earlier, a tower of three
stages, which was further heightened in the succeeding century by another
stage capped by a stone spire. Later on, about the middle of the fifteenth
century, the erection of a finely proportioned and imposing south aisle, with a
richly moulded arcade of five bays, and of a porch with groined roof and
parvis above it, completed the church.
' Early Norman parish churches were ahnost always aisleless, comprising a simple parallelogram of
nave and chancel, as is to be still seen at Longframlington, which will be described later in this volume,
and at Thockrington, described in vol. iv. p. 393. The chancel at Warkworth may be compared with the
larger Norman chancel at Norham.
174 WARKWORTH PARISH.
The Norman church, to judge from its architectural features, must have
been commenced about 1120, the work having been begun at the east end
and carried on continuously until the nave, which shows a slight advance in
style, was finished at the west end a few years later. The chancel gives some
indication of a Durham influence having been applied to the work, especially
in the groining, which bears a strong resemblance to that of the south tran-
sept of the cathedral there.'
The walls are built of coursed stone, both internally and externally.
The chancel measures on the interior, above the string-course, 32 feet by 16
feet 5 inches, and has a double quadripartite vault with segmental diagonal
ribs, the moulding being a bold roll between zig-zag ornament. Where the
compartments adjoin, the diagonal ribs spring from a pair of short half-round
responds with plain cushion capitals, and simple bases which stand on a bold
chamfered and quirked string that passes round the chancel 7 feet above the
floor level. Where the diagonal ribs spring from the corners of the chancel,
thev are carried on half-round responds, which correspond in detail with the
others. Transversely the section of the vault is meant to be semi-circular,
following the lines of the chancel arch. The contour of the transverse rib
is very erratic and ill-shapen, and its section — a roll between two flat fillets
which divide it from the hollow mouldings covering the edge of the rib —
does not resemble the diagonal ribs. At the springing, the transverse rib
appears to be intruded between the diagonals : it is possible it may have been
inserted later on. There are no wall ribs, and the cells of the vaults are
covered with plaster. Each compartment above the level of the string-
course contains a round-headed window with widely splayed internal jambs,
having nook shafts on the interior angle, cushion capitals and simple bases.
The jambs of the windows are not splayed alike," the object apparently being
to make the window opening appear in the centre of the responds on the in-
side, and in the centre of the pilasters on the outside. On the south side,
below the string-course already mentioned, is a built-up priest's doorway with
square lintel and tympanum under a semi-arch.' It is unusually near to the
east end. Near to the door on the east is an aumbry. The south door now
in use is modern. A door on the north side of the chancel admits to the
vestry.
' The details of the vauUing ribs and the manner in which they are carried bear a marked resemblance
to some parts of the priory church of Lindisfarne.
" See plan. ' See plan.
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WAIn'KWi )IC 111 ClUK'tll. 175
The chancel arch is semi-circiihir, of two orders formed of roll and
hollow mouldings with a hood doublv enriched by a ball ornament and a
curiouslv carved decoration resembling a fan in shape towards the nave,
supported by responds composed of triple shafts having cushioned capitals
and moulded bases on a square plinth. The corbel table on the exterior
is formed of moulded corbels on the north side and beak-heads on the south
side.
The nave is 90 feet 7 inches in length and 25 feet 2 inches in width,
certainly the longest of its date in Northumberland. It was proportionatelv
high, the original height being indicated on the exterior by the lower row of
corbels at the west end of the north elevation. The length of the nave on
the exterior is divided into five compartments, each containing a round-
headed window between flat pilasters. On the interior the window jambs are
widely splayed and have a nook shaft on the angle, with moulded bases ant!
mitred scalloped capitals with square chamfered and quirked abaci continued
as a string. On the exterior there are tw'O string-courses, one at the level of
the window sill and the other a continuation of the hood moulding. The
north door, now built up, is curiously arranged in the buttress ; it has a half-
round arch of two orders set below a triangular arch. The outer order is
supported bv nook shafts with cushion capitals. The arrangement of the
windows of the west end may easily be discerned ; the wall was pierced by
three windows between pilasters similar to, and on the same level as, those
on the north side. The south nave wall, which was taken down when the
arcade was inserted, no doubt corresponded with that on the north side,
excepting that a south door of greater prominence than that on the north
side would probably form the access from the town.
A feature not often met with in earlv churches is the circular staircase
contrived in the north-east angle of the nave (the original entrance to it was
from the interior by a door now blocked up near the pulpit); it gives access
to the space above the chancel vaulting.'
The tower was built about 1200. It is lighted by small slits, and is con-
nected with the church by a door opening 6 feet 4 inches wide, cut through
the west wall of the Norman nave. The south-west angle of the tower
is capped by a projecting buttress which encloses a newel-staircase. On the
' The similar space above a \auUcd roof nas jjenerally accessible. Sec the sketch of Thockrinyton
church, vol. iv. p. 393.
176 WARKWORTH PARISH.
exterior the tower is divided into four stages by weathered offsets. Whether
the tower terminated when first built (three stages in height) in a parapet, or,
like Ryton church in the county of Durham, had a wood and lead spire, it is
impossible to say. The parapet which now crowns the tower, and the spire,
belong to a later date.
Following on the erection of the tower the massive buttresses were
added to cover some weakness on the north side of the nave, and the vestry
on the north side of the chancel. The latter is an oblong block, entered only
from the chancel and lighted by lancet windows arranged on two levels,
indicating that it was of two stories, and that the vestry had a room over it.
In addition to the windows near to the ground level at the west end is a stone
pierced by three slits ; its precise use is not evident. An opening of unusual
shape exists in the same position in the church at Morpeth.
The next addition was made about the middle of the fourteenth century.
It comprised the belfry stage of the tower and the broached spire, which so
satisfactorily crowns it and greatly improves the general appearance of the
fabric.^ It is octagonal in shape, without mouldings at the angles, but is
relieved by three tiers of four trefoiled and gabled dormers or louvres on
alternate faces. The parapet to the tower is perfectly plain ; the two-light
Pointed belfrv windows below mav once have contained an inner order.
About the same time as the erection of the spire the cusped recess was
formed on the north side of the chancel arch ; it was the customary position
for a chantry altar where aisles and transepts did not exist. The light near
to this altar was improved bv the insertion of a window with a widely splayed
jamb shown on the plan.
The next addition, one of much importance, was the erection of the
south aisle and a clerestory over the south wall of the nave, built towards the
end of the fifteenth century, the result being a very considerable alteration in
the appearance of the church. The work, to judge by the style, appears to
be a little later than that of the beautiful keep of the castle, and may owe its
existence to the munificence of the third earl of Northumberland. There
are two piscina; in the south wall, and there is a filled-in opening near the west
iamb of the easternmost window in this wall, indicating the position of the
screen which enclosed the altar at the east end of the aisle, separating the
' The .idded spire is a feature which only one other church in the county possesses, that of Newbiggin,
which, however, is of inferior design.
WARKWORTH CHURCH. I 77
chantry from the rest of the aisle. The position of the second altar was on
the west side of the screen and near to the second piscina. The aisle, which is
the same length as the nave, is 16 feet in width and including the depth of the
arcade piers it is 20 feet. The arcade is composed of five pointed arches of
two orders, with a hood moulding on both sides, supported by piers of four
clustered shafts' divided by four rolls, the responds at the east and west
ends being half piers of the same section. The capitals and bases follow
the plan of the piers. The west bay is 3 feet narrower than the others.
The aisle is lighted by four windows on the south and one at the east and
another at the west end. Some of the windows, which are within deeply
recessed original jambs and four centred heads, were inserted at the time
of the 'restoration ' of i860. The exterior is relieved by buttresses placed
between the windows, those at the corners of the aisle being set anglewise.
The base course and the parapet have mouldings of simple section. The
roof, a flat one, is contemporary with the masonry. Opposite the second
bay from the west end is the entrance doorway with its pointed arch and
moulded jambs and hood.
The porch which covers the entrance has a parvis over it. The outer
opening, which never had a door, is chamfered only on the inside, but
moulded and with a hood to the exterior, and is flanked bv buttresses set
anglewise.' Within there is a stone seat and a small square-headed window
on each side. The porch is vaulted, and has moulded diagonal ribs springing
from carved corbels, and longitudinal and transverse ridge mouldings which
mitre into the wall ribs. The approach to the parvis is by a newel-stair in the
re-entering angle formed by the east wall of the porch with the aisle, and is
accessible from the exterior only. The parvis is lighted at the south end by
a two-light traceried window, and on the east side by a square single-light
window. The parapet to the porch is similar to that crowning the aisle walls,
and still carries the original finial.
The contemporary clerestory to the nave unfortunately no longer exists.'
The nave had a flat roof similar to that which now covers the aisle, and the
south wall was pierced by five square-headed windows.
' The pulpit, furnished with a sand glass, stood against the north-west side of the first pier until 1S60.
- At the head of these two buttresses are respectively a crescent and a locket, and the porch may be
studied with that in the Lion tower of the castle, the work, judging by the badges, etc., of the fourth
earl of Northumberland.
' It is shown in a view of the church in the Trans. Durham and North. Arch. Soc. i. p. 82.
Vol. V. 23
178
WARKWORTH PARISH.
It is impossible to speak without regret of what was done when the
church was 'restored' in i860. The fifteenth-century window at the east end
of the chancel was replaced by three pseudo-Norman windows, and the roof
POKCH ANn PaRVIS.
was raised to one of a high pitch, the repose of the gable being destroyed by
a useless and obtrusive round light. The original fifteenth-centurv clerestory
of the nave was taken down, and in place of the good, simple, massive oak
roof, similar to, and contemporary with, that happilv left on the aisle, was
WARKWORTH CHURCH.
179
substituted a high pitched, mean, and paltry one of pine, the eastern gable
like that of the chancel being defaced by a similar round light. It is
needless to say how much the church has suffered by these ignorant and
destructive alterations.
In the survey of chantries made in the second year of Edward VI., it is
recorded that within the parish church of Warkworth and in the 'chapell of
Our Lady' there was a chantry of which the yearly value was 72s. gd. The
name of the incumbent or chantry priest is omitted, but he is said to be
'meanly lerned, of honest conversation and qualytes, having no other lyving
VVakkwokth Chukch, 1899.
then the same chauntry.' There were certain lands and tenements worth
I2S. 4d. per annum, for the 'sustentacion of one lyght, called the roode lyght';
and there were nine hundred houseling people within the parish.' 'Dominus
Johannes Shales capellanus parochiae ' appeared at the visitation made in
1 501 by Archbishop Savage during a vacancy in the see of Durham.^ In
' Ecclesiastical Procccitings uj Dishvp Barnes, Raine, p. Ixxxviii.; Surtees Society, No. 22. The chantry
possessed seventeen tenements. The endowment of the rood hght comprised eight tenements. Tate,
Almvick, ii. p. 76. -Ecclesiastical Proceedings oj Bishop Barnes, p, xxxiii.
I So WARKWORTH PARISH.
1534 the office was promoted by the vicar of Warkworth against John
Bulman, chaplain, 'pro eo quod sacra ac sacramentalia infra parochiam de
Werkeworth injuste ministrat, et sine auctoritate aliquali saltern legitima.''
On the 9th of April, 1553, Robert Collingwood of Eslington purchased
from the Crown a cottage and nine acres of arable land in Buston, then or
late in the occupation of ' George Wavye,' sometime belonging to the
chantry founded in the chapel of St. Mary of Warkworth, to be held as
of the manor of East Greenwich a free socage.'
In the churchyard are three stone coffins unearthed in i860.
At the west end of the south aisle, supported upon a Jacobean base,
which bears the inscription, ' The Effigies of S' Hvgh | of Morwicke who
Gave I the Common to this | Towne of Warkworth,' is the effigy of a
knight which, judging by the details of the armour, may be assigned to a
time between the years 13 10- 1330. The arms sculptured in relief on the
shield, on a cross Jive eagles displayed, in the dexter chief an annulet,'' are
not those of Morwick (the last male heir of which family died about 1260).
It is not improbable that the person commemorated may have been an
official of John fitz Robert, the last lord of Warkworth of the Clavering line.
The figure, that of a knight clad in a mixed armour of mail and plates, is placed on a slab, J feet
long by 2 feet 6 inches wide. Over the head is an ogee crocketed canopy trefoliated within, springing
from carved bosses and flanked by diminutive gabled and crocketed buttresses. The top or end of the
canopy — semi-circular in shape — is filled with foliage.' The head is enclosed in a hood of mail, which
slightly overlaps the surcoat on the right shoulder, and has a movable plate visor attached, which must
have been pivoted to a plate cap worn inside the chain mail. This feature appears to be unique as
regards examples in stone or brass, though in a M.S. of Matthew Paris,' Lives of the two Offus, there
is a group which represents the Mercian king Offa combating in behalf of the king of Northumbria
and defeating the Scottish army, in which, on one of the figures the head defence, composed of a mask
of steel placed over the coif of banded mail, is very remarkable."
The chain hauberk with long sleeves is seen at the armpits, beneath the elbows, at the wrists, and
above the kneecaps. A scale skirt' overlies the mail hauberk (the scales being pointed at the ends
' Depositions and Ecclesiastical Proceedings at Durham, Raine, p. 50 ; Surtees Society, No. 21.
= Pat. Rolls, 7 Edw. VI. pt. 3.
' In a Roll of .\rms {c. 1295) there is a coat or, on a cross sable free eagles displayed argent attributed
to Nicholas Ablin, Archaeologia, vol. 39, p. 431, No. 395. In the Treasury at Durham there is a deed dated
2nd .-Vugust, 13S0, to which is appended the seal of John de Derlyngton, prebendary of Esh in the
collegiate chuich of Lanchester, bearing arms similar to those on the effigy. It is engraved in Surtees,
Durham, i. pi. ix. No. 29.
' The canopy resembles that over the head of Brian fitz .\lan (d. 1302) in Bedalc church, Yorkshire,
and also that attributed to Euphemia (Clavering), the first wife of Ralph Neville of Raby (d. I33l)in
Staindrop church, county Durham. Cf. Arch, and Arch. Soc. of Northinnberlaml and Durham, iv. p. 91,
and Surtees, Durham, iv. p. 129.
'' Matthew Paris died in 1259, but probably the illumination may not be earlier than the close of the
thirteenth century. '^ Cotton MS. Nero, D, i. Cf. He\\\il, Ancient Armour, \. \i. t,o2,.
' A skirt in scale work may be seen in the Moccas effigy in Moccas church, Hereford, and in the
effigy of a knight {c. 1320) in St. Peter's church, Sandwich. Cf. Hewitt, Ancient Armour, ii. p. 115.
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and ridged on the top), and terminates above the knees in a band or border connecting the points ;
the middle scales are smaller. The arms are sheathed in plates, and have elbow caps with embossed
rosettes ; similar rosettes are at the shoulder. The plate on the forearm is ridged on the nnderside, and
at the wrists and edges of the plate there is an incised line. A heart is borne in the bare hands, which
point upward in the attitude of prayer. The legs are crossed, the left uppermost, and equally with the knees
are encased in plate ridged down the centre, the kneecaps being embossed with a fleur-de-lys pattern, and
girt below with a cable or thong-like band. The chausses appear to be drawn together behind the legs,
and the feet, in articulated sollerets, rest on a mutilated lion. The spurs, of the star rowel kind,' are
secured with straps buckled over the instep. A pointed piece covers the junction of the chausses and
solleret, and the end of the strap is pendent on the outside of the foot. The moulded and embossed
pattern of the leg armour, taken in conjunction with the scaled skirt, seems to indicate that the
material of which these defences were made was cuir boiiillc.- The cyclas surcoat which covers the body
armour is supported from each shoulder by narrow bands, and is sleeveless ; it is short and tight-fitting
in front, and at the back hangs in simple folds below the level of the knees.' The surcoat, pendent on the
right side, is girt at the waist by a strap or belt buckled, and below is encircled by the sword belt which
has strong buckles; the end of the strap which passes under and over the belt hangs by the side of the
sword on the left of the figure, and is terminated by an ornamental tag.' The sword, which has a shaped
cross-piece and extends from the hip to the knees, is damaged at the pommel and foot. Supported by
the guige passing over the right shoulder is a bowed triangular shield reaching from shoulder to hip, on
which the armorial bearings are sculptured in relief.'
On the interior jamb of the old priest's door to the chancel is a small
incised inscription in a mediaeval cursive hand, the letters of which seem to
form 'Hewyh' or some such word.^ On the floor of the aisle, immediately
within the doorway, is a grave cover, bearing the following inscription :
Ibic jacet Millcl. JSakcr' cujus aniinac propicietur 5eus. Bmcn. In the
east window of the south aisle are the only existing fragments of old stained
glass now left in the church. In one of the lights at the top of the window
is a crescent ' with the horns brought up to unite, and the space enclosed
given in pale as usual, but the colours are yellow and black. The yellow is,
however, pale and cross hatched with black, and perhaps the idea of red is
intended to be conveyed, yellow being the only colour which the old stainers
' .'\n early example of the rowcllcd spur occurs on a seal of Henry III., but it was not common until
the fourteenth century.
- Armour of leather appears in the inventory of Louis Hutin in 1316 {Arcli. Jounml, ii. p. 319) ; also
in that of Sir Humphry de Bohun, earl of Hereford, in 1322.
' Garments so shaped were common in the early part of the fourteenth century, and e.xamples occur
in the effigy of Sir John de Ifield {c. 1317) in Ifield church, Sussex, and in the brass of Sir John de Creke
{c. 1325) at Westley Waterless, Cambridgeshire. Strutt, p. 59 ; Waller, Brasses.
* The arrangement of the sword, belt, girdle, and kneecaps, and the equipment generally have a
maiked resemblance to the effigy of an unknown knight {c. 1300) in Norton church, co. Durham, to the
effigries of Brian ritz Alan (r. 1302) at Bedale, of Sir John de Ifield (d. 13 17), of a knight at Ash by
.Sandwich, and of Sir John d'.-\ubernoun (d. 1327), Stoke d'.'\bernon, Surrey; and including the plates and
sollerets to that of John de Eltham.
■* This description is abridged from an unpublished paper by Mr. W. H. Knowles on the Effigy oj a
Knight in Warkworth Church.
° A lithogram was produced in Arch. Act. vi. p. 4.
' During the Wars of the Roses, a person of this name acted as an emissary of Margaret of .^ngou in
Northumberland. CJ. Bates, Border Holds, i. p. 445.
I 82 WARKWORTH PARISH.
mingled with white in one piece of glass, and the size of the crescent being too
small to admit of a separate insertion of red." Another light contains a
female figure and below it in Gothic letters the name bU&a,- and in yet
another light is the word mel5re5a.
The communion plate comprises a cup made, circa 1665, by John
Wilkinson of Newcastle ; a cover and a paten made, circa 1685, by William
Ramsay of Newcastle, all of silver. The flagon is plated and bears the
inscription : ' Ex dono Kev"*. Wilfrid. Lawson, 1 772.'^ There is a silver-headed
staff* formerly carried by the parish clerk in preceding the old funeral
processions, and a similar staff, with a white wood head, which was borne
by the sexton in the rear.
Neither of the bells is ancient and both are uninscribed.' The font is
solid but very plain. In the basement of the tower is preserved the very
artistic wrought iron rails displaced from before the holy table in i860. At
the west end of the nave hangs the scutcheon bearing the royal arms, probably
of the time of James II., which was formerly placed over the chancel arch.
A clock was inserted in the tower by the same benefactor who gave
the school-house and market cross to the town ; the dial bore the following
inscription: 'W. R. 1700. Ex dono Geo. Lawson, Gloster-hill, generosi.'" A
new clock, purchased by the subscription of the parishioners, and striking the
hours and quarters, was provided in 1875.
The floor of the chancel up to the year 1877 was paved with grave
covers, some of them enriched with coats armorial ; unfortunately no tran-
script was made when they were covered up by the present commonplace
tiles. The monumental inscriptions are numerous and interesting, the
following of an earlier date than the vear 1800 are selected from tablets on
the walls of the church and from tombstones in the churchyard :
Monumental Inscriptions.
Sacred to the memory of Isabella, wife of Thomas Appleby of Eastfield, who died December 7th,
1787, aged 57 years. The above Thomas Appleby, who died September 23rd, 1790, aged 67 years.
Sacred to the memory of Edward Brown of Broomhill in this parish, who died 1748, aged 40 years.
Also of Jane his wife, who died April 27th, 1800, aged 86 years. And of Mary their infant daughter.
.\nd of Edward Brown of Broomhill, their only son, who died September 23rd, 1784, aged 41 years.
' W. H. U. Longstaffe, 'The Did Heraldry of the Percies,' Arch. Ad. iv. p. 186.
■-■ C/. Wallis, Noi-thKinbti'hiiul, ii. p. 354.
'•' The cup is figured and the other pieces described in the Pruc. of Nacxastlc Sucitty c] .{ntiqnayics, iii.
p. I4V.
' It bears the inscription: 'The gift of Richard Ckuterbuck, esq., 1752.'
* Proc. of NcwcaMc Society of Antiquai-us, iii. p. 149. " Wallis, Northumberland, ii. p. 354.
WARKWORTH CHURCH. 1 83
Sacred to the memory of Edward, son of Edward Brown of East Chevington, who died May 20th,
1696. Edward Brown of East Chevington, who died January 20th, 1785, aged 66 years. Jane, his
daughter, died December, 1786, aged 29 years. Eleanor his wife, died March 6th, 1804, aged 86 years.
Here lyeth the body of Robert Bullock, who departed this life the 17th day of December, anno domino
1698, freehold . . . of.\mble. Phillice his wife, who departed January 12th, 1717.
Sacred to the memory of John Clark of Hauxley, who died September 27th, 1757, aged 33 years. Of
Ann his daughter, who died September 2nd, 1767, aged 16 years. Of William his son, who died Septem-
ber 29th . . . aged . . . years. Of Phillis, wife of the above John Clark, who died September
19th, 1780, aged 61 years. Of Margaret her daughter, wife of William Richardson of North Seaton, who
died March . . , 1784, aged 26 years.
Nigh this place lies interred the body of Mr. John Clutterbuck, he formerly lived in Newcastle, late of
Warkworth, who died 20th February, 1720, in the 43rd year of his age. He had three wives, and left
three children : Hannah to the first, Anne to the second, and Richard to the third wife, Mrs. Elizabeth
Clutterbuck, who survived him.
In memory of Robert Dand of Gloster-hill, who died .-Vugust 27th, 1801, aged 83 years. Also of Mary
Dand his wife, who died August 27th, 1797, aged 79 years.
Here lyeth the body of Edward Dodsworth of East Chevington, huntsman to King James, who
departed to the mercy of God the 30th of May, anno domini 1630. Arms : a chevron hctu'een 3 bit^lc horns.
Sacred to the memory of Lieut. John Forster, R.N., who died .August 4th, 1783, aged 48 years.
John Grey of Morwick, died the 15th day of November, 17S3, aged 91 years. This monument is
erected to the memory of Catherine Maria Grey, wife of Charles Grey, esq., of Morwick ; she departed
this life on the 21st June, 1786, aged 34 years.
Nigh this place lies interred the body of Mrs. Ann Hunter, wife of Mr. William Hunter,' who died
December ye 14th, 1720. Arms : vert 3 hounds proper, 2 and i ; on a chief 3 bu^le horns. Crest : A tree 0]
the first. Motto; ' Jucunditate afificior.'
Sacred to the memory of William Hall of Bondicar, who died May 2nd, 1795, aged 62 years.
Dorothy his wife, died December loth, 1793, aged 49 years. Elizabeth their daughter, died June 27th,
1790, aged 17 years. Dorothy their daughter, died July 22nd, 1799, aged 22 years.
This tablet, erected by desire of Sarah Widdrington, wife of the Rev. Joseph Cook of Newton hall in
this county, is sacred to the memory of her ancestors the Widdringtons of Hauxley, descendants of the
Widdringtons of Widdrington, who rest below. ..\.D. 1840. Crest : A hKil's head on a cap of maintenance.
The ordination of the vicarage is no longer e.xtant, but it was certainly of
an early date and was probablv made soon after the acquisition of the rectory
by the abbot and convent of Carlisle. That the original endowment was
ample appears from the valuation of the vicarage in the ecclesiastical taxation
of Pope Nicholas IV. in 1292. In this record the rectorv and vicarage are
thus separately estimated : ' Decanatus de Alnewyk. Werkesvvorth rector.
cxx marc [;^8o] ; vicar, ejusdem, xx.x marc [£26].'
Speaking generally, the vicar is possessed of all the petty tithes through-
out the parish, though for the tithe of hay many townships have pleaded a
modus. The rectorial tithes as well as the vicarial were commuted about
1838 for tithe rent charges.
' 1744, I ith June. William Hunter of Hartlaw buried. Warkicorth Register,
184 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Incumbents of War k. worth.
Rectors.
Ilio(n'rcfl). Richard de .\urea Valle, also prebendary of Brownswood in St. Paul's cathedral, and
rector of Rothbury, Corbridge, and VVhittingham.
Vicars.
1200 {circa). Thomas, clericus, described by King John as ' clericus mens.' '
1223 (circa). William de Sallaii, who released to the abbot and convent of Newminster the tithe of
the salt-works they possessed at Warkworth."
1247. Robert Maleter.'
131 1. Dominus Rogerus de Stanhope, capellanus parochialis, and John de Shivington, capellanus,
appeared at a visitation held at Alnwick by the archbishop of York, on i8th kal. May of
that year.'
. . . Dominus Gilbertus de Burgham, vicar of Warkworth, died in 1333.°
1332. John de Penrith, the king's chaplain; presented to the vicarage of Arthuret, nth July, 1332;'
presented to the vicarage of Warkworth, 12th July, 1333;' was presented to the rectory
of Whickham, 8th August, 1346." Will dated Monday after the Purification, I353'4,
proved in the February following.'
1345. Stephen de Dunelm,'" of Newcastle, deacon, instituted 27th May, 1345, after the death of
Sir John, the last vicar;" ordered priest 8th kal. October, 1345.'"' is a witness to some
of the Brinkburn charters."
1352. John de Pulhore, after the death of Stephen de Dunehn."
1362. Sir Peter de Morland, presented 9th .August, 1362," previously rector of Dittensalle
[?Dinsdale] and vicar of Torpenhow.'"
1366. Sir Thomas Colerdoue, presented ist Februaiy, 1365/6," previously vicar of Stanwix.'^
1367. Henry de Atten was inducted and instituted by the bishop 12th March, 1367."
1394 {circa). John de Blyth'° occurs 2nd February, 1394.
. . . Adam Tossen.'"
1428. William Raven or Rawyn, presented after the death of Tossen."" He was an attesting witness
to the return of a commission issued by Bishop Langley, dated at Stockton, 12th August,
1436, on the death of Thomas Dover, rector of Ingram."'
. . . Henry EUergyll,"' also rector of Ingram, died circa 1495, in which year his successor was
instituted to the rectory.
1495, 3>'d December. John Bladesmyth, presented after the death of EUergyll.''' A monition to
reside on his cure of Warkworth ' of the neglect of which a ciying fame had come to the
ears of the bishop,' was issued 7th October, 1499.^
' Placita de Quo Warranto; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 142.
^ Ne-iiininster Chartul.iry, Fowler, pp. 213, 214. ' Brinkburn Chartulary, Page, p. 143.
* Canon Raine's notes from York Registers. ' Carlisle Registers, Halton, p. 243.
" Cal. of Pat. Rolls, Edw. III. pp. 315, 316. ' Carlisle Registers, Kirkby, p. 243.
" Surtees, Durham, ii. p. 241. " R. S. Ferguson, Test. Karl. '» Randal, State of the Churches.
" York Registers, Zouche, p. 283 b. " Durham Registers, Hatfield.
13 Brinkburn Chartulary, Page, pp. 31, 99. " Randal, State of the Churches.
» Carlisle Registers, Welton, p. 99. '' Ibid. p. 116. " Ibid. p. 146.
" Carlisle Registers, Appleby, fol. 165.
'» 'Proofs of Age of Heirs of Estates,' Arch. Ael. 4to series, iv. p. 328.
=° Randal, State of the Churches. "' Ibid. ■- Ibid.
" Hunter MSS. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, Ingram Guard Book.
« Durham Registers, Fox ; Randal MSS. '■' Ibid. Randal, State of the Churches.
"^Durham Registers, Fox; Rev. John Hodgion'sCollection, M, 216.
WARKWORTH CHURCH. 185
1 501, 15th December. John Curwin, M.A., instituted on the resignation of Rladesmyth.'
'533- John Williams, B.D., was instituted on the last day of February, 1532/3.=
1538, 13th July. Cuthbert Hopyn,' presented on the death of Williams. ■"
1572. Edmund Robmson, M.A., instituted 23rd March, 1 571/2, on the death of Hoppen.^
1575, I2th August. Thomas Handley, after the death of Robinson." Edward Rasshall. curate at
W'arkworth, had nolicence 29th January, 1577/8.' The vicarage of Warkworth (1577- 1589)
was worth £i& 5s. 8d.' Handley, in 1578, was one of Bishop Barnes' special preachers,
and engaged himself to preach in the diocese nine sermons over and besides his ' ordinarie
quarterlee and monethelye sermons' in his own church." His will is dated 15th July, 1588,
and was proved at IJurham the same year.
1579. Humphrey Sykelmore'" who was presented to Felton in 15S9, and till his death continued to
hold both benefices. John Lyghton occurs as curate 26th June, 1581.
1598. John Ladyman, presented on the death of Sykelmore ;" vicar of Shilbottle, 1571-79 ; of Les-
bury, 1579-86.'-
1610, i8th August. John Warwick, son of John Warwick of Cumberland, of Queen's college, Oxford,
matriculated loth October, 1595, aged 19 ; B.A. 24th April, 1599 ; M.A. 30th June, 1602."
162S, 22nd August. John Heslyhead." 'Ashe was officiating in his church on the Lord's day, a
party of soldiers came in a very rude manner and disturbed the congregation, and one of
them made up to him holding a cock'd pistol to his breast, threatening to shoot him if he
did not desist. Having thus turned him out of the church, the next attempt was to turn his
poor wife and children and his whole family out of the vicarage house . . . After his
ejectment he hired a house in the town, but was not permitted to stay in it nor in any place
of that parish, and therefore to support his family ... he was obliged to take a farm
in the neighbourhood, where, in less than half a year, what by the change of pasture, and
what by thieves and plunderers, he lost upon the matter all his cattle and was reduced to
extream poverty.''' There is a curious account of an action brought by Hesleyhead in 1634,
agamst some fishermen, connected with the collection or exaction of certain tithes of fish,
printed in the Acts of the High Commission at Durham."'
1648 {circa). Archibald IVIoor enjoyed the profits of the living for twelve years," 'who made a very
great reformation in the parish by his prudence, diligence, and obliging behaviour : he
went afterwards into Ireland, where he dy'd at Tredagh in 1670.' ''
1660. John Hesleyhead restored. He died in 1667, and was buried in Warkworth church under the
clerk's pew.'" 1667, loth April, will of John Hesleyhead, vicar of Warkworth : 'To be
buried in the parish church, with my funerals (sic) to be observed at the day of my buriall.'
All my estate to my wife, Lucy Hesleyhead, she executrix, paying thereout ;^I50 to my
two grandchildren, John Forster and Mary Forster, and I order my said two grand-
children upon the receipt of the aforesaid ^150 to give a general release unto Mr.
' The Archbishop's Visitation of 1501, Ecclesiastical Proceedings of BisJwp Barnes, p. iii. Surtees
Society, No. 22. - Durham Registers, Tunstal ; Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, M, 168.
" Or perhaps Hopkin, for the writing is not very legible. Durham Registers; cf. Rev. John Hodgson's
Collection, U, 171. < Durham Registers, Tunstal, Randal MSS.
' Durham Registers, Pilkington ; Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, M, 191.
^Durham Registers, Pilkington, Randal M.SS.; Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, M, 195.
■ Eccl. Proc. of Bishop Barnes, Raine, pp. 36, 37, Surtees Societ\', No. 22.
' Clavis Ecclesiastica ; Eccl. Proc. of Bishop Barnes, p. 9. " Eccl. Proc. of Bishop Barnes, p. 76.
'" Randal, State of the Churches. " Ibid. >2 C/. vol. ii. p. 441.
" Foster, Alumni Cxonienses. >> Record Office, Liber Institutiomim.
'■ Walker, Sufferings of the Clergy, pt. ii. p. 272. '" Surtees Society, No. 34, p. loi.
" Walker, Sufferings of the Clergy, pt. ii. p. 272.
" Calamy, Ejected Ministers, ii. p. 513. " Warkworth Register.
Vol. v. 24
I 86 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Nicholas Forster of Newcastle. My well-beloved friends, Robert Widdrington of
Hauxley, esq., and Francis Forster of Buston, gent., to be supervisors. Witnesses :
Nicholas Lewin, William Lewin, Albany Fleminge.'
1667, nth May. Matthew Bonner." Held Warkworth with Hartburn by dispensation.' Bond of
marriage, Sth July, 1668, Matthew Bonner of Warkworth, clerk, and Barbara Bonner.
16S0, 30th July. John Child, after the death of Bonner.' He was inducted to the vicarage of
Waikworth, but resigned it in the following year for the vicarage of Bromfield in Cumber-
land, where he died." He, or another of the same name, was fellow of Magdalen college,
Cambridge; B.A. 1667; M.A. 1671 ; B.D. 1678; vicar of Penrith, Cumberland, 1670-1694.
168 1, 13th June. Ralph Bell, on the resignation of Child." Son of G. Bell of Darlington, minister.
Of Corpus Christi college, Oxford; matriculated nth December, 1668, aged 17.' He
was inducted 24th June, i5Si, and died nth December, 1685, and was buried in Wark-
worth church 'in the grave of Mr. Hesleyhead.'"
16S6. Robert Simpson of Queen's college, Oxford, matriculated 9th December, 1653 ; B.A. 1657 ;
vicar of Lazonby, Cumberland, 1661 ; rector of Long Marton in Westmorland, 1661 ; vicar
of Bywell St. Andrew, 166S. He died of a 'lethargy' and was buried 29th July, 1694, in
Warkworth chancel.'
1694. Nicholas Thomlinson, probably he of that name who was born at Thriplands in Westmorland,
educated at Glasgow university, where he took the degree of M.A. ; admitted pensioner to
St. John's college, Cambridge, 24th June, 1684.'° Previously vicar of Hutton in Cumber-
land ; buried in Warkworth chancel 28th August, 1696."
1696. Robert Davison. '= Curate of Bamburgh, 1690- 1702. 24th Februaiy, 1692," he had licence to
marry Elizabeth Heron, spinster; and he married, secondly, at Bolton chapel in July, 1700,
Mrs. Isabella Proctor of Shawdon." He died 1702. 1701, 27th December, will of Robert
Davison of Warkworth, clerk. ' To be decently buried in the church of Warkworth. To
my wife Isabella ;£'3oo, to be paid out of my lands in Chipchase. To my brothers-in-law,
Mr. Edward Brown of East Chevington, Mr. Thomas Forster of Newcastle, and Mr.
Thomas Brown of Chillingham. each .^40." I leave nil my personal estate, stock, and crop
at Fowberry and elsewhere to my loving father Mr. Robert Davison; Mr. John Davison of
Warkworth Barns and Mr. Thomas Davison of Warkworth, they executors.' "
1702. Thomas Smith.'"
[The register of burials from July, 1701, to September, 1704, is wanting.]
1702. William Ion, instituted 19th March, 1702/3," after the death of Smith." Son of Thomas Ion
of Eamont Bridge in Westmorland ; of Queen's college, Oxford ; matriculated 7th March,
1692 '3, aged 16; B.A. 1696.-" '1704, 5th October. Gulielmus Ion, vicarius de Warkworth,
et Elizabetha Bayles' married.-' ' 171 7, 30th March. Gulielmus Ion, vicarius de Warkworth,'
buried. "-
17 17, Sth April. Wilfrid La\vson,=' perhaps he of that name of University college, who matriculated
at Oxford 24th November, aged 15, who was 'only son of Henry Lawson of London, fifth
son of Sir Wilfrid Lawson, first baronet.'"' He was ordered by Richard, bishop of Meath,''
and before his preferment to Warkworth, ministered at Galtrim, co. Meath. He was
' Raine, Test. - Record Office, Lihcr Institutioiuim. ^ Warhn'orth Register.
' Record Office, Liber Institiiticiiiim. ^ IVark-a'orth Register. f' Record Office, Liber Institiitiouum.
' Foster, Alumni Oxoiiieiises. * Warkworth Register. ' Iltid.
"Admissions to St. John's College, Cambridge. " Warkzcortli Register.
'= Randal, State of the Churches. " Cf. vol. i. p. 97. " Edlingham Register.
'^ 1692, 26th April. Thomas Brown of East Chevington and Margaret Davidson of Warkworth,
married. Warkworth Register. " Durham Registry. " " Rznda.\, State of the Churches. "Ibid.
'" Foster, Alumni Oxonienses. -" Miss Erskine's Deeds.
-' Warkworth Register. -- Ibid. "■' Record Office, Liber Institutionum.
" ¥os\.er, Alumni O.\onienses. " Preachers' Book, St. Nicholas' church, Newcastle.
Warkworth church. I §7
inducted 4th May, 1717, died ist April, 1732, and was buried in the churchyard on the
' riyht hand of the chancel door as you go into the church,' with the following monumental
inscription: ' Juxta hunc locum | Jacent reliquiae | Wilfridi Lawson | Hujus ecclesiae
vicarii obiit | Apr. i, 1732 | In vita, labor et periculum, in moriendo | Pax, et resurgendi
securitas | ' '
1732, 13th June. Wilfrid Lawson,^ after the death of his father.^ He was ordered by John, bishop
of Carlisle,' and he succeeded his father in, and was inducted to, the vicarage of Wark-
worth, 22nd June, 1732, and retained it to his death, though he had retired about the year
1 77 1 to Carvill, near Newcastle, which with an annuity of /'200 had been devised to him by
his friend George Lisle of that place. He died there on the 27th November, 1777, aged 71.''
1776, 2nd January. Will of Wilfrid Lawson, vicar of Warkworth. To the Rev. George
Bowe of Warkworth my best gown and cassock, and my father's sermons and my own,
which if he does not make use of himself I request it of him that he would not hack them about
or lend them to others. To Mr. William Johnson of Woodhorn £20, which was a legacy
to me by the will of Nicholas Brown of Bolton, esq., in the year 1762, but has never
been paid by his executors. To Miss Grace Johnson, eldest daughter of my said friend,
William Johnson, .£220, and my household goods, plate, and china in my house at Carvill
or at Warkworth. Residue of estate to my godson, Wilfrid Johnson, fourth son of the
said Mr. William Johnson. I desire to be buried as near as may be to my dearly beloved
father on the south side of his grave in the churchyard, and I desire a flat stone may be
put over my grave close to that which is over my father, and upon the erect monumental
stone I would have these words added : ' Et Rev'". Wilfridi Lawson in hac ecclesia patri
successoris ob' ' here let the day of the month and the year of our Lord be
set down in figures. My funeral expenses, which I desire may be as moderate as decency
will admit of, six bearers to have full mourning, and the gentlemen of the twenty-four
gloves. Seal, a chevron between 3 martlets: crest, 2 anus holding a ring. Proved 1777.
Durham Probate Registry.
177S. John Law, D.D., instituted 21st January," inducted 28th of same month' (after the death of
Lawson." Presented to the vicarage of Whittingham, 1777. He held both livings by
dispensation." Eldest son of Edmund Law, bishop of Cariisle. Born at Greystoke in
Cumberiand in 1745, educated at the Charterhouse and at Christ's college, Cambridge,
where he matriculated in 1762; fellow of his college, 2Sth December, 1776. After being
prebendary and archdeacon of Carlisle, he was, in 1782, made successively bishop of
Clonfert, of Killala, and of Elphin. The writer of his biographical notice in the Gentle-
man's Magazine of 1810 says that when he took possession of the see cf Killala, learning
that almost the whole of the population was Roman Catholic, he professed ' that as it was
a hopeless task to make them Protestants, it would answer every desirable purpose to
make them good Catholics,' and with these views he printed 'and distributed gratis
through the diocese a new edition of the works of the Rev. J. Gother, which breathe the
piety, and, in plain and intelligible language, inculcate the morality of the Bible. The
bishop of Elphin has been recorded as a man of great variety of knowledge, uncommon
genius, and sincere religion .... It is supposed that he had considerable share in
the composition of the Moral and Political Philosophy of his friend Dr. Paley, and we
believe the chapter " On Re\ erencing the Deity " has been generally ascribed to him.'
He died on the 19th of March, iSio, at St. Stephen's Green, Dublin.
' Wallis, Northumberland, ii. p. 354. -' Record Office, Liber Institutionum.
' Randal, State of the Churches. ' Preachers' Book, St. Nicholas' church, Newcastle.
■' Warkworth Register. " Record Office, Liber Institutionum.
' Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book, which also notes: ' 17S2, 17th January. The Rev.
Mr. Law, vicar of Warkwonh, and the widow Tomlinson were married in London.' Cf. Gentleman's
Magazine, January, 1782.
' Randal, State of the Churches. " Newcastle papers, 30th December, 1777.
1 88 WARKWORTH PARISH.
17S2. Joseph Hudson, D.D., instituted 15th June,' inducted 13111 September." Son of John Hudson
of the parish of Coldbeck, Cumberland; matriculated at Glasgow, 1740; M.A. 1742.' In
1783 he had a dispensation to hold Warkvvorth along with Newburn.< He had a grant
of arms from Heralds' college, nth May, 1789; became a prebendary at Carlisle, and
died there on the i8th of July, 181 1, and w'as buried in the chancel of Castle Sowerby.^
I Six. William Goodenough, instituted 25th September," and inducted 28th September.' Son of
Edmund Goodenough, sometime vicar of Broughton, Oxfordshire. Of Christ church,
Oxford; matriculated 9th June, 1790, aged 17; B.A. 1794; M.A. 1797. Archdeacon of
Carlisle, 1826; rector of Mareham-le-Fen, 1818; and vicar of Great Salkeld, Cumberland,
1827, until his death, 13th December, 1854.°
181 8. Edmund Goodenough, inducted ist August." Son of Samuel Goodenough, bishop of Carlisle.
Of Christ church, Oxford; matriculated 15th May, 1801, aged 16; B..^.. 1S05; M..-\.
1S07; D.D. 1820. Mcar of Warkworth, 181S; head master of Westminster, 1S19-1828;
and dean of Wells, 1831, to his death, 2nd May, 1845.'"
1820. Thomas Cave Winscom, B.D., instituted i6th May and inducted on the 20th of same month."
Born at Brecon, i6th October, 1787. Of Trinity college, Cambridge, at which he came
under the influence and teaching of the Rev. Charles Simeon. After his ordination he
becatue curate of Romsey in Hampshire. On his appointment to Warkworth he rebuilt
the vicarage house, established a Sunday school, and influenced his parishioners to build
a National school-house. He wrote and printed a small collection of hymns for the use of
the parish church. He died on the 6th of March, 1840. M.I.
1840. Henry Percy, son of Hugh, bishop of Carlisle, entered at St. John's college, Cainbridge, 19th
October, 1832 ; B.A. 1837 ; M.A. 1842 ; canon of Carlisle, 1847 ; rector of Greystoke, 1S53.
1853. John Woodham Dunn, M.A., of Queen's college, Cambridge ; B.A. 1836 ; M.A. 1S66. Some-
time curate of Long Houghton and of Lesbury, and successively vicar of Matterdale and
Dalston. Born 17th September, 1812 ; died iSth September, 1883. M.I.
1883. Richard Watson Dixon, M..\., instituted and inducted 30th November. Of Pembroke college,
Oxford; matriculated 3rd June, 1852; B.A. 1857; M.A. i86o; vicar of Hayton, hon.
canon of Carlisle, 1874. Author of A History of the Church of England from the Abolition
of the Roman Jurisdiction, etc.
The parish register, as now existing, begins in 1677, but there is evidence
to indicate that up to the end of last century it began twenty or thirty years
earlier.^' The following are selections from it :
1677, April 30. Robertus Harper de Acklington park in templo, buried.
1678, June 22. Maria Rosemunderley vidua de Braneshaugh in templo, buried.
1678, .■\ug. 17. Gulielmus Culduoish (.'') miles, in templo, buried.
1678, Oct. 23. Alicia uxor Henrici Wharier de Berlin, buried in woollen.
1680, Sept. 21. Sepult. Franciscus filius Stephani Palfrey.
1682, .-^pril 28. Sepult. Robertus Mushums de Acklington.
1688, Sept. 8. Sepult. Richard Forster de Low Buston.
1689, May 14. Maria uxor domini Thomae Forster de Pontiland, buried.
' Record Office, Liber Institutionum. ' Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book.
' Addison, Roll of Graduates of Glasgow University. ' Gentleman's Magazine, November, 17S3, p. 9S3.
' Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book. Dr. Hudson's nephew, bearing the same Christian
and surname, served as curate-in-charge of Warkworth, 1793-1809.
° Record Office, Liber Institutionum. " Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book.
•• Foster, Alumni Oxonienses. " .Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book.
'° Foster, Alumni Oxonienses. " Warkworth Register.
'■ The entire register dow-n to 1S12 has been printed by the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries, and will
be found in their series 1897 and following dates.
WARKWORTH CHfRCH.
189
,69- April 12. Robertus Newton de Wallseud et Maria Milbourn de Birling, married.
i6g6', Dec. i. Joseph Palfrey de Morwick et Katherine Clray de Kilay, married.
i6qS May 5. Elizabeth Dodsworth buried.
1700 Sept. -. Bonner filius Thomae Fenwick de Warkworlh, baptised.
.704' June "7. Johannes Annit de Witherington et Maria Garrat de Grange, married.
1705' Oct. 9. Elizabeth filia Gulielmi Ion, vicarii de Warkworth, baptised.
1708', July 20. Cuthbertus Rowlin de Dailmain com. Cumberland, buried.
1712! April 30. Stephanus Muscham de Acklington, buried.
1717', April 13. Caleb Buston de High Buston, buried. r-u- ,
.7.7; July 7. Johannes Gregson de Sunne-Iands (Sunnilaws) et Jane Brown de East Chivington,
married.
l7-'o April 19. Radulphus filius Radulphi Fenwick de Togston, baptised.
i7->2 Tan -. Johannes Proctor de Dunston et Elizabeth Ion de Warkworth, married.
1723! April 9. Johannes Lamb, annos natos .06, et Isabella uxor, annos natos 86, eodem die Sepult.
de Warkworth.
1 7M April I. Gulielmus Cramlington filius Lansluti de Birhng, buried.
,726, Oct. 3. Maria, Jana, Dorothea uno partu natae, filiae Roberti Shanks de Warkworth,
baptised.
1726, Oct. 4. Phillida Peck mersa in puteo de Warkworth, buried.
1730,' May 21. Benj. Ord de Newcastle et Gratia Forster de Hartlaw, married.
1734' April 23. Dorothea filia Georgii Elder de 'face the devil,' baptised.
173; May 1 1. Jerardus Browell de Amble et Rachel Thew de Warkworth, married,
1738, Aug. 27. Robertus Midford de Widdrington et Margaretta Carr de Chester house, married.
1 730/40, Jan. 13. Henricus Richardson, annos natos 101, de High Buston, buiied.
.740, April 27. Henrietta Augusta filia Rev. Johannis Skelly, vicarii de Shilbottle, de Low Buston,
baptised. . ,
,741 July 2. Gordon filius Rev. Johannis Skelly, vicarii de Shilbottle, de Warkworth, baptised.
1742! Nov. 18. Anthonius Pearson, parochia de Long Benton, et Maria Woumphrey de Acklington,
married.
1743, Nov. 6. Johannes et Guleilmus gemelli filii Gulielmi Watson de Gloster-hill, baptised.
1749, May 31. Maria Palphrey de Chester house, buried.
1 749/50, Feb. 15. Elisebetha Brown, annos natos 105, de West Chevington, buried.
1758, Aug. 10. Gulielmus filius Henrici Cramlington de Birlin, baptised.
1759/60, Feb. 1 2. Gulielmus Otley et Anna Cook, ambo de Warkworth, married.
1772, April 26. Benjamin Cowell, ye son of Zackeriah Tyzack of Warkworth, baptised.
1775, May 31. Elizabeth, wife of John Clennel of Isel in Cumberland, buried.
1794', Jan. 15. Stephen, son of Jesse W. . . . of Foundery, buried at Guison.
1794, Dec. 27. Joshua Wastell of the parish of St. Hild's, co. Durham, and Frances Hall of this
parish, married.
1799, Feb. 21. Ann Tate of Guizon, widow, aged 84, buried at Brainshaugh.
1800, Jan. 10. Charles Preston, son of Andrew Moffat Wellwood, a captain in McLeod s Fenc.bles,
by his wife Maria (late Taylor), aged 7 months, buried.
1800, April 30. Jane Brown of Morpeth, widow of Edward Brown of Broomhill, aged 86 years, buried.
1801, Oct. 5. John Leadbitter and Margaret Smith, married.
1801, Oct. 27. Edward Heron of Morpeth parish, and Isabella Richardson of this parish, married
1801, Nov. 5. Benjamin Woodman of Morpeth parish, and Francis Wilson of this parish, married.
1803, April 21. John Forster and Ann Muers, both of this parish, married.
1804, Oct. 15. Henry Heddington, esq., bachelor, and Eliza Maria Bates, spinster, both of this
parish, married.
1804, Nov. 9. John, first son of John Leadbitter of Amble Hope house, farmer (a native ol Lap-
heaton), by his wife Margaret Smith (a native of Warton in the parish ot
Rothbury), baptised.
iqO WARKWORTH PARISH.
1805, Aug. 22. Charles Wilson and Rachel Frazer, both of this parish, married.
1805, Nov. 5. John Ferdinando Forster of the parish of .Alnwick, and Elizabeth Huntley of this
parish, married.
1806, Feb. 13. William Story of the chapelry of Brainshaugh, and Julia CiEsar Forster of this
parish, married.
1808, Oct. 8. John Cook, esq., of the parish of Wratling, Suffolk, major 28th Dragoons, and
Elizabeth Surtees of this parish, married.
MlSCELL.\NE.\.
1340, February. John de Kirkby, bishop of Carlisle, leased for two years the tithes of his churches in
Northumberland, viz. : Warkworth, Newbum, and a moiety of St. Nicholas, Newcastle, to John de
Burdon, rector of Rothbury, and Robert de Penreth, burgess of Newcastle.'
1368, 15th April. Receipt of the bishop of Carlisle for ^40 for tithe of corn of the church of
Warkworth last autumn."
1577/8, 29th January. At the chancellor's visitation held at .Alnwick, Thomas Handley, vicar of
Warkworth, was excused for non-appearance. Edward Rashall, the curate, appeared, but produced no
licence. Roger Lighten, the parish clerk, was not cited.'
157S, 30th July. At a general chapter held at Alnwick, Handley, vicar of Warkworth and Woodhorn,
undertook to preach a course of nine sermons, viz., in the general chapter at Morpeth, at Bishop .Auck-
land, at Mitford, at Felton, at Rothbury, at Harbottle, at Whittingham, at Ingram, and at Bedlington.
1600, 4th November. Warkworth : George James hath a stypend to repaire the church heges, and
letts them decay, and buryed one so shallowe in the grave that he was alinost pulled out of the grounde by
the dogges.'
1606, loth July. At a visitation held at .Alnwick ; Warkworth : Office against Edmund Finch, his
wife churched by a seminarie priest in his house."
1650. The parish of Warkworth is a viccaridge, the late bishop of Carlisle patron ; Mr. . . .
Moore, a preaching minister, serveth the cure there, and the viccaridge of the yearely value of sixte
pounds. There is an impropriacon in the hands of Mr. Peter Wentworth and Mr. John Fountayne of
London, which payed yearely to the bishop of Durham tenn pounds and to the bishop of Carlisle thirtye
pounds and tenn shillings, out of which twentye pounds per annum is fitt to be taken and added to the
said church : the chappelrye of Warkworth [? Chevington] is depending of the said church of Warke-
worth, being worth twelve pounds per annum and pettye tythes, and somewhatt distant from the said
parish church.'
1663. The vicaridge of Warkworth. In the gift of the lord bishop of Carlisle, valet per annum £tib
6s. 8d. The impropriacon belongs to the lord bishop of Carlisle, valet per annum ^400. Gleeb anciently
belonging to the church (as appears in the office of first fruits), in Nether Buston, valued there at 6s., for
which the incumbent receives nothing ; in East Chevington, 4s. ; in West Chevington, 6s. 8d. One
chappell in the parish [at] Chevington very much ruined and vacant. No schooles, no papists, but many
schismaticks."
1663, 22nd October. .A terrier' and particular of such houses, lands, and tythes as belong to the vicarage
of Warkworth. The vicarage house, situate upon the west side of the church, with a little platt of ground
called the garden, for the w-hich the incumbent payeth to the earl of Northumberland 3s. 8d. per annum.
The vicarage of Warkworth, in ye office of first fruits for land in East Chivington 4s., for the which the
' Carlisle Registers, Kirkby, fol. 416. - Ibid. Appleby, fol. 295.
' Ecclesiastical Proceedings of Bishop Barnes, p. 36. ' Ibid. p. 87.
' Canon Raine's notes from records at Durham.
' Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, V, p. 290.
' 'The Oliverian Survey,' Arch. Ael. 4to series, iii. p. 9.
' ' The Ecclesiastical State within the .Archdeaconry of Northumberland,' Arch. Ael. xvii. p. 249.
' Warkworth Parish Cliest.
WARKWORTH CHURCH.
191
incumbent receiveth 8s. per annum. Ry an abstract out of the court rolls holden in that manor the 30th
October, 1626, it appeareth that one Robert Albone holdeth in right of glebe land there nineteen stints or
grassings besides arable land and meadow. For land in West Chevington, 6s. 8d., for the which the
incumbent receiveth 13s. 4d. per annum. Tyth wool and lamb throughout the parish, with Coquet Island.
Tyl{i calves throughout the parish and id. for every milck cow. Tyth hens through all the parish except
the borough of Warkworth. Tyth fish of all sorts paid in sea, in rivers. Tyth pig, goose, foal, and bees
throughout the parish. Acklington park pays for the petty tithes 13s. 4d. per annum.
Every communicant throughout the parish pays a penny halfpenny at Easter. Hadston mill 3s.,
Hauxley mill 2s., Warkworth mill 20s., the Grange mill 2s., Hounden mill 2S. 6d., Walk-mill 2s., Morwick
mill 3s. 4d. Tythe hay in kind of ye East demesne and park. New-town and Nether Buston. Tyth
hemp and lint in the town of Warkworth, Amble, Hauxley, Hadston, the two Chevingtons, Nether
Buston, and New-town. Composition called 'hay silver' paid in Amble id. ob. per farm ; Hauxley, 3d.
a farm ; Robert Widdrington's land, is. Hadston hay money, 7s. iid.; East Chevington hay, 12s.;
West Chevington hay, William Baird pays yd., and the rest of the town being 12 farms, pays yd. a farm ;
Togston hav, .Sir William Fenwick, 3 farms, pays 4d. a fami ; Mr. Carnaby's 6 farms pays 3d. a farm ;
Matthew Wharrier's land pays 4d., John Patterson's 3d., and William Smith's freehold 3d. per annum ;
Acklington hay pays 3d. a farm ; Morwick hay. Lord Grey's land pays 3^. "4d., and Horsley and
Errington's lod. ob. hay money per annum ; West demesne hay money, 4d. ye farm ; Birling, 4d. a farm;
Spittle houses, 4d. ; Upper Buston hay money, 7d. a farm ; Broderick hay, is. 2d. ; Walk-mill farm, 3d. ;
Sturton Grange, being 8 farms, pays no composition for hay. Mortuaries are paid through the whole
parish where they are due. Thomas Lewin, Jno. Dinnon, Robt. Hall, Robt. Musechamp, churchwardens.
The collection taken at Warkworth upon the fast day, October loth, 1666, ordered by the king's
proclamation for the relief of the distressed condition of the sufferers by the great fire of London,
amounted to £2 is.
1714. 23rd November. Award of Joseph Nicholson vicar of Whittingham, Richard Parker vicar of
Embleton, and Christopher Laidman vicar of Woodhorn, the commissioners appointed by the bishop of
Durham's vicar-general, for the appointment of the pews in a gallery lately erected in the parish church.
To Mr. Ralph Forster of Hartlaw, the square seat in the midd'e of the front ; to Thos. Cook, two
places ; Gerard Browell, two places ; Mr. Thos. Lewin, end in the seat next behind Mr. Era. Forster ; to
widow Ramsay, two places ; to Roger Grey, two places ; to James Pattison (.'), one in the seat next
behind ; to Mr. Ogle of Link-house, the seat on the front next the south side of the church ; to Mr. Ion
two places, and Mr. Valentine four places, in the second seat on the south side ; to Wm. Wedle four
places, and Jh. Wood, two places, on the third seat on the south side ; Hen. Brown four places, Thos.
Baird two, in the hindmost seat on the south side ; to Mr. Edw. Cook of Coldrife, the seat next the front
on the north side ; to Mr. Jo. Forster two places, and Mr. Thos. Davison four places, the second seat on
the north side ; to Mr. Edw. Cook of Togston, the third seat on the north side ; to Mr. Robt. Reed and
Matthew Kerton, the hindmost seat on the north side.-
1719. I7tli September. 'An account of the pews in Warkworth church, beginning at the choir and
proceeding forward to the font.' Settled by John Tomlinson, Joseph Nicolson, and Mark Forster, the
commissioners appointed by the court of Durham.^
The north aisle: (i) John Davidson, Demesnes, Warkworth ; (2) John Huntley and Thomas Elder,
Birling ; (3) Thomas Lewen, William Reavely, Ralph Elder, and William Baxter, a square pew ;
(4) William Ord, Sturton Grange, i square pew ; (5) Edward Cook, Togston, a square pew ; (6) Robert
Widdrington, Hauxley, a square pew ; (7) Joseph Forster, High Buston, and John Clutterbuck, Wark-
worth, a square pew ; (8) Martin Milburn and William Wharrier, Birling ; (9) Thomas Davidson,
Brotherwick; (10) Forster, Musgtave, and Strother, Low Buston; (11) (12) (13) Roger Buston (High
Buston), Joseph Straker (Walk-mill), William Wilkinson, Robert Wilson, John Deucob, and John
Wilson, High Buston ; (14) Widdrington, Hauxley, and Joseph Forster, High Buston.
' Mickkion MSS. xx. 12. Bishop Cosin's Coryespoiiiiencc, xi. p. 331. Surtees Soc. No. 55.
= Copied from the oiiginal at Durham by Mr. John J. Howe, 20th October, 1893.
' Warkworth Parish Chest.
192
WARKWORTH PARISH.
The north mime aisle: (i) Lewins pew, alias Hope-houses ; (2) Francis Forster, Low Buston ; (3) the
vicar's seat; (4) Mr. George Lawson, Glouster-hill ; (5) Mr. Joseph Palfrey, Acklington ; (6) Thomas
Smith, Togston ; (7) Matthew Kirton, Hauxley ; (8) Mr. John Cook, Eastfield ; (9) Mr. Thomas Carr,
Bondicar; (10) Robert Reed and John Taylor, Amble ; (11) Edward Biowell and John Clark, Hauxley ;
(12) Bath. Wright and Thomas Harper, Acklington; (13) William Ord, Sturton Grange; (14) Geo.
Bullock, Amble; James and Philip Wumphrey, Acklington.
The south middle aisle: (i) Thomas Dawson, Warkworth ; (2) Mr. Francis Forster, Low Buston ; (3) a
passage to the clerk's pew, where the vicar has two seats for his servants on the left hand going in ;
(4) John Lee, Acklington ; (5) John James, Acklington ; (6) Thomas Horsley, Morwick ; (7) Edward Bell,
Shortridge; (8) William Cresswell and Robert Hudson, Hauxley; (9) Robert Dawson and Philip
Wumphrey, Acklington; (10) John Appleby and John Anderson, Acklington; (11) John Taylor and
Thomas Embleton, Acklington ; (12) Robert Smart and Geo. Robinson, Acklington ; (13) Musgrave, Low
Buston ; Forster, Low Buston ; Frances Strother, Low Buston ; Thomas Davison of Brotherwick,
servants' seats.
The south aisle: (i) Mr. Robert VViddrington ; (2) Linton, Patterson, and Ramsay; (3) Colhngwood
and Clark; (4) Huntley, Nicholson, and Hall ; (5) Patterson and Elder; (6) John Watts; (7) Donkin,
Shanks, and Fawcus ; (8) Anderson, Hogg, and Wharrier ; (9) Thomas Baird ; (10) Wilson and Hudson ;
(11) Thomas Davidson, John Davison, and Geo. Castles ; (12) \'alentine and Wardle ; (13) Simpson, John
Shotton, and James Shotton ; (14) Thomas Cook, Roger, Edward, and William Young, Rowden,
Milbourne ; (15) Wilkinson, Gordon, Waugh ; (16) Robinson and Huntley ; (17) Gibson, Hall, and Lamb.
The copy of a letter from Wilfrid Lawson, vicar of Warkworth, to Edward Ward of Morpeth :
'Warkworth, August 21st, 1724. 1 am informed that my lord duke of Somersett has committed the
repairing of his pews in this church to your care and management ; I must humbly desire that you will
do it in a manner worthy of the house of God, worthy of my lord duke's quality, and of yourself the genteel
agent. If your affairs bring you near this place I should be glad you should stop either to view the pews
and give proper orders, and I could wish you would come soon, because there is other work going on ;
my Lady Hazle' is wanscotting and adorning the chancel very handsomely, and as his grace's pews are
next to the chancel in place, I would hope that they would be next, if not equall, to it in beautv.'
Copy of a letter from Edward Ward to William Elder, esq., at his grace the duke of Somersett's
house at Petworth, in Sussex : ' Morpeth, August 28th, 1724. The above writt is ye copy of a letter which
I had from ye vicar of \^'arkworth about 2 days after I had sent a joiner, according to your directions, to
view and make a report with ye expense of repairing of my lord duke's pew in that church would come to.
The vicar, you see. proposes to have it done in ye handsomest manner ; and indeed ye workman I sent
tells me that ye parishioneis are repairing and beautifying all ye pews in ye church, and that my lord
duke's pew is no less than six yards square, and capable of being converted into seven extraordinary good
ones, which, he tells me, if made but after ye comon manner, will come to about ^20; but if they be made
with proper ornaments and distinctions suitable to my lord duke's quality, he says ^25 is ye ... .
ye expense will amount to. When you give me further orders about this matter I shall put them in
execution with great pleasure, as I do everything that tends to my lord duke's interest and service.'-'
1761. John Wesley included Warkworth in his missionary tour, and at noon on Saturday, l6th May,
preached to a 'great and attentive' congregation.^
1763, 23rd July. This day the church of Warkworth was visited by the archdeacon, Doctor John Sharp,
and upon a view of the defects of the church the following directions {inter alia) were given to the
churchwardens : '
' Dorathy, daughter and co-heiress of William Williams and the widow of Sir Edward Hassell, knight,
of Dalemain.'who'was high sheriff of Cumberland in 1682. She was evidently the farmer of the great
tithes, and probably erected the iron rails which used to guard the holy table (ef. p. 182), which, with the
wains'cotting, were taken out in i860. ■' Duke of Nortliumherlaiul's MSS.
» Journal, sub annis. * Warkn'orth Register.
WARKWORTH CHURCH. 1 93
The east end of the south isle be flag'd and kept neat and decent. The pews in it be lower'd to the
level of the rest and made uniform. The few pews that want floors either to be flag'd or boarded.
Two casements to be made and frequently set open in dry weather.'
The chancel to be whitewash'd.
The eight windows in the belfry filled up with sloping boards 5 or 6 inches asunder to keep out rain.
1763. The real value of the vicarage one year with another not above ^130, owing to butchers taking
farms and lands thrown into tillage. Mr. Ridley is the lessee of the great tithes under the bishop of
Carlisle ; they were formerly farmed by Lady Hazle of Delmain.-
1794, 22nd April. A list of what each township in the parish and chapelry repairs of the church wall,
being at 2 yards per farm, beginning at the north-east corner next the tyth barn and to go round by the
sun, viz. : Morwick, 6 farms, 12 yards ; Togston, 12 farms, 24 yards ; Acklington, 18 farms, 36 yards ;
Hauxley, 10 farms, 20 yards ; Walk-mill, l farm, 2 yards ; Grange, 8 farms, 16 yards ; Amble, 14 farms,
28 yards ; Brotherick, 3 farms, 6 yards ; Spital and Low Buston, 13 farms, 26 yards ; Demesnes and
Warkworth, 10 farms, 20 yards ; High Buston, 8 farms, 16 yards ; Birling, 10 farms, 20 yards ; East
Chevington, 14 farms, 27-I yards ; West Chevington, 12 farms, 24 yards ; Hadston, S farms, 16 yards.^
Archdeacon Singleton, who visited Warkworth ist June, 1S26, says: 'The impropriation belongs to
the bishopric of Carlisle, and is rented by Sir M. Ridley ; it is worth £3,000 per annum. The vicarage is
w'orth ;f400 per annum from undisputed tithes, but a suit is now pending for agistment. The vicar has,
however, no endowment. The population is 3,000 ; the church holds 600, but there are no free sittings,
and the rated inhabitants of Chevington chapelry are entirely unprovided with accommodation. I pressed
their case upon the notice of the parish. Service is performed twice on Sundays, with two sermons ; that
in the evening the vicar considers voluntary. They have a clock, repaired by the town ; also a school-
house, one by subscription and another rented. The school is on the National system. The glebe is very
small and, small as it is, is scattered. The vicarage house is new and well contrived ; a piece of the small
garden belongs to the lord of the manor. In the churchyard are a few handsome trees. The clerk was
appointed in 1S25 by the vicar ; he is paid is. 6d. by each farm, 3d. a house at Easter, and church fees.
The sexton has id. a house and 6d. a farm. The four churchwardens come in by rotation ; the vicar
appoints the town churchwarden. They gather the church rate by an ancient custom from the farms ;
one gathering produces ^29 8s. at 4s. per farm. They have two bells, a plated flagon, a silver chalice
and cover, a silver patten; and a silver mace- head given by Mr. Clutterbuck. There is a curious old
monument of Sir Hugh de Morwick, w-ho is thereon stated to have given the common to Warkworth.
The Grey arms are on the gallery;' but there are few, if any, memorials of the Percies. I requested
that their dilapidated pew might be repaired, a request I made as to all the pews generally. Painting is
necessary, but above all sittings for the Chevington people.'^
And again in 1841 : 'I inspected the church w^ith the vicar, the Rev. Harry Percy. It is, I should say,
a curious specimen of early Norman architecture, and although the north wall seems to have settled
outward, the old sexton assured me that he had known it all his life, and seen no alteration. There is a
speculation going on in the parish in forming a harbour, which, either by its success or failure, will effect
strange alterations in the quiet little town.'"
.A new burial ground, situated in a field called the Tenterheugh, was provided for the parish in 1862,'
in which every inhabitant of the parish has the right of interment, the grave spaces being taken in
' 1763, 5th March. The gallery built by the Rev. Mr. Lawson. The quire' flagged. Mr. Clutterbuck's
Commonplace Book. 1763, 21st April. \ large sash window put in to the quire. Ibid. This may refer
either to the large east window or to a window over the chancel door, both of which were removed in i860.
"' Archdeacon's Minute Book.
' Warkworth Clunrlnranicns' Books. The initials of some of the townships can still be read upon their
respective portions of the wall. Gloster-hill township computed to comprise three farms, and Acklington
park four farms, were exempt from payment of church rate.
' The panels painted with the Grey anus are now hung upon the south wall near the door.
^ .A.rchdeacon Singleton's Minute Book. " Ibid.
' Orders in Council relating to the closing of the old and regulating of the new burial ground were
published in the London Ga:.ettc, nth May, i860 ; Sth February, 1861 ; 3rd May, 1861 ; loth June, 1862.
\'0L. V. -;5
194 WARKWORTH PARISH.
rotation. By an order of the vicar and churchwardens pubhshed 22nd June, 1862, in consideration of a
fee of one pound per grave space, parishioners are permitted to select a grave space ; the money so paid
is devoted to a fund for keeping the ground in neat and decent order.
The surphce fees payable by the parishioners by ancient custom are as follows : Banns of marriage,
2s. (viz., the vicar is., clerk is.) ; marriage by banns, 3s. (vicar is., clerk is., sexton is.) ; marriage by
licence, 15s. 6d. (vicar los. 6d., clerk 2s. 6d., sexton 2s. 6d.) ; churchings, is. 3d. (vicar 8d., clerk 46.,
sexton 3d.). Burials : vicar is., clerk is., sexton 4s. (or 6s. according to depth of grave). The vicar's
fee for a monument is £1 ; for a tombstone, 15s. gd.
A select vestry^ of twenty-four elected by co-optation still lingers as a
consultative body, though it was shorn of power and responsibility at the
abolition of the compulsory payment of church rates. The lists preserved in
the churchwardens' books indicate it to have been a representative body of
ratepayers, for every vacancy was filled up bv the appointment of another
from the same farm or township, and his membership of or association with
another communion neither rendered him ineligible nor relieved him of his
duty to serve on the vestry and as churchwarden. The parish was divided
into four districts or quarters, each of which furnished a warden who served
in rotation; these divisions were the north side. Amble or the south-east side,
Acklington or the south-west side, and the town of Warkworth.' At the meet-
ing of the four-and-twenty various parish officers, such as overseers of the poor
and of highways' and bridge masters,* were appointed, apparently in rotation.
The following extracts are taken from the churchwardens' account-books :
1725. Note: the holy bread money'' collection left oflfat Mr. Edward Bell's of Shortridge.
1725. Paid rogue money, 13s. 4d.'
1726. Paid for binding a book of the martyrdom of King Charles, 4s. ;" for setting school lock, 4d. ;
for four fox heads, 4s.'
' C/. Freeman, Growth of the English Constitution, chap. 11, and Durham Parish Books, pp. 2, 213.
Surtees Society, No. 84.
- The north side qu.irter comprised Birling, with its 10 ancient farms ; Spital house, I ; Over Buston,
8 ; Nether Buston, 12 ; Grange, 8 ; Brotherwick, 3 ; Walk-mill, I ; or 43 ancient farms. The south-east
quarter comprised Amble, with its 14 ancient farms ; Hauxley, 10 ; Morwick, 6 ; or 30 in all. The south-
western quarter comprised Togston, with its 12 ancient farms; and Acklington, 18; 30 in all. The
chapelry of Chevington was not represented.
' In 1731 the following persons were elected to be overseers of the poor: William James of Wark-
worth, Richard Ord of Grange, William Cresswell of Hauxley fields, Edward Cook of Togston ; and the
following were elected to be overseers of the highways : James P . . . . of Warkwoith, John Cook
of Grange, John Fawcus of .-\mble. and Thomas G .... of Acklington. Cf. Durham Parish Books,
pp. 70, 88, 102, 275, 277, 303. ' In 1726 Edward Cook was elected bridge master.
° The chapelo' of St. Margaret, Durham, formerly offered 'hollibred cake' to the parish church, the
several families in the chapelry taking the duty in rotation, partly in money and partly in kind. Cf.
DiirJiani Parish Books, p. 132. At Warkworth a mark, or 13s. 4d., was collected each year, and when that sum
was obtained the coUectoi stayed. The last receipts entered upon the churchwardens' accounts was in 1749.
' Cf. Durham Parish Books, p. 19. Surtees Society, No. 84.
■ For an enumeration of the works comprised in a church library, cf. Durham Parish Books, p. 1 1.
" In 1628 it was agreed by the gentlemen and f.veUe of Fittington parish 'that whoever shall take any
fox or pate or badger in this parish and bring the head to the church shall have twelve pence paid by the
churchwardens.' Durham Parish Books, p. 91.
WARKWORTH CHURCH. 1 9=;
1726, Feb. 7. It is ordered that one shilliny per farm shall be levied upon lands in the parish and
chapelry.
1736. The church steeple repaired by Thomas Hudson of Alnwick and Robert Hudson of Hauxley ;
tender, £6.
1742. Received Joseph Cook of Newton's 'lairstorm,' 3s.; Madam Forster's 'lairstorm' of Newton-
on-the-Moor, 2s. 6d.
1746. Holy bread money left off at John Bell's of Morwick and begins at Robert Thew's.
1759. Paid Roger Buston for a fox head, is.
1781, June 28. Paid for seven deals for the school above the church porch, 6s. lod.'
1786, April 15. Received of John Wilson £1 13s. for interest on the ^^33 for the use of the poor of
Warkworth."
1792. The parish boundary perambulated by order of the archdeacon.
1794. The gallery was taken down, enlarged, and re-erected at the cost of ^85.
In a garden^ adjoining the east side of the churchyard there is a red-tiled
building which, up to the passing of the Tithes Commutation Act, was the
tithe barn^ of the rectory of Warkworth. Ne.xt to it is another garden,'*
attached to Mr. Clutterbuck's house, in which there used to stand a small
Benedictine chapel, the foundations of which can still be traced at a distance
of 2 feet outside of and parallel to the south wall of the garden. It was
probably built for or by the two monks who, in the thirteenth century,
were maintained by the prior and convent of Durham at the chapel of
St. Mary Magdalene ; for whose support Nicholas de Farnham, bishop of
Durham (i 241-1249), appropriated the church of Branxton,*^ a grant con-
firmed by his successor Walter de Kirkham." Dugdale was of opinion that
the custom of maintaining two monks here had been discontinued long
before the dissolution. In 1616 there was near the churchyard 'a little
yard wherein standeth the ruins of a decayed chapel.' **
' The day school was held in the parvis.
° There are now no charitable funds belonging to the parish. Circa 1670 Maria Osmotherly was
presented at the archdeacon's court for detaining a legacy of ^50 left to the school of Warkworth by
C.eorge Warwick. .She pleaded that she had not sufficient funds from the testator, but as soon as she
received them she would pay. Tate, Alnwick, ii. p. 131. 1743, ist November. Mrs. Elizabeth
Chitterbuck gave ^30 to the poor of Warkworth, or 30s. a year ; but the bequest being charged upon real
estate the bequest was void and became inoperative.
" The stack-garth has been, since the commutation of the rectorial tithes, granted by the Ecclesiastical
commissioners as a garden for the vicarage.
' Formerly sometimes used by theatrical companies ; cf. play bill for 21st .April, 1849, when Jane Shore
was announced for performance.
' In or before 1859 a bronze signet ring bearing a lion passant, but of poor execution, was found in this
garden; Arcli. Ael. iv. p. 40 ; and about eighty years ago there was found a silver spoon bearing the
initials E. I., probably those of Elizabeth Ion, widow of vicar Ion, and afterwards wife of John
Clutterbuck.
"Dugdale, Hlonaslicon, iv. p. 651. The'domus de Werkeword ordinis Praemonstratensis' which
disputed the possession of a salt-pan at Warkworth with the abbot and convent of Newminster has not
been identified. Cf. Newminster CItartiilary, p'owler, p. 205.
' Hist. Diinelm. Scriptores Tres. Raine, p. 42. Surtees Society, No. 9.
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
ig6 WARKWORTH PARISH.
TOWNSHIP OF BIRLING.'
The township of Birling may be described as occupying an angle
between the North Sea and the river Coquet. Though it has an area of
only 849 acres, its extreme length from north to south (exclusive of detached
portions) is about two and a quarter miles. A long strip of link' divides the
arable land from the foreshore, the latter, which is about a mile and a
quarter in length, being covered with hard white sand,' and having at its
north end at ebb tide a group of low shelving rocks called the Birling Carrs.
A mud-covered flat or 'slake'* marks the channel by which, until the year
1765, the Coquet found its way to the sea. It is still partly covered at high
water, but an attempt has been made to reclaim its northern end for pasture
ground bv the erection of a wall and low embankment." Consequent upon
the river's change of course, 17 acres of the whole area are comprised in
seven detached pieces or parcels. The population of the township, which at
the last census was 104,^ is grouped in the hamlet of Birling" and the home-
' In addition to Berlin in Prussia, there is a parish of Birling near Maidstone, Kent, and a parish of
Birlingham in Worcestershire. There is also a place called Berlinghen in Artois. Taylor, IVords ami
Places, p. 141. All of these names are probably derived from the Berlings.
- Access to the foreshore and sands is obtained by a natural cutting or pass, which bears the name of
Rim-houlin.
' For an account of the large variety of shells (though they are not all natives of this coast) found
upon the Birling sands see Pvoc. Bcrw. Nat. Club, xv. p. 309.
■ * The slake is a favourite winter resort for birds. Some account of the species shot or seen here may
be found in the Prof. Bcnv. Nat. Club, xv. p. 307.
' The southmost of the two embankments was made by the late Mr. Joseph Castles of Warkworth, and is
locally known as Castles's dike, which name has been laid hold of and transferred in the last edition of
the Ordnance Survey (25 inch scale) to the runlet of water. This edition has been called in.
» The Census Returns are : 1801,87; 1811, Si ; 1821,69; 1831,85; 1841,80; 1851,73; 1861,83;
1871, 78; 1881, 83; 1891, 104.
' The hamlet of Birling stands about a quarter of a mile north of Warkworth, and consists of two lines
of houses and cottages, which face the road leading to Lesbury. South of the hamlet the road passes
through a deep cutting, from which tradition says the stone was won which was used for the building of
the castle. In a letter written to the earl of Northumberland in 1608, accompanied by samples of
Denwick and Birling stone, George Whitehead (one of the earl's officers) writes : 'The greater stone is
out of Birlinge quarry, within a small halfe myle of Warkeworlh haven, wher a barke of 40 tunnes
lykewyse may coome ; bothe thesse quarrye [at Uenwick and at Birling] ar your lordship's owne. Of
this stone is Warkeworth castle buylt. The chardge of caryinge is nothinge but the freight of the shipes
and masons for winninge them.' (Duke of Northumberland's MSS.) From this quarry, in the year 1753,
290 chaldrons of grindstones were worked and exported. They produced £290, but the expenses of
working and transporting them came to ^324 15s., so that there was a loss of ^34 15s., and the industry
was discontinued. (Sir David Smith's Collection.) The quarry still produces excellent freestone, which
stands the action of fire and is much used in the glass houses at Sunderland and elsewhere.
'At 15erlin, near Warkworth, is a freestone of an excellent quality for building (some of it nearly equal
to the Portland stone for colour and duration), of which large quantities have been lately wrought for
rebuilding that magnificent fabric the castle of Alnwick by his grace the duke of Northumberland, and
much of it carried oft' southward by export for building a nobleman's seat near London.' Wallis,
Northumberland (1769), i. p. 55.
TOWNSHIP OF BIRLING. . 197
Steads of the Hermitage farm, Birling North field, and Helsay. The duke
of Northumberland is owner of the whole township except about 40 acres,
which some years ago were given to the owner of Shortridge, in Low Buston
township, in exchange for other lands. The following is the ' bounder of
Byrling' as it was taken in the year 1563 :
Beginninge at the Mylne yate at the payll of the parke and goyinge northward alonge the yaresyde
dyke in the lonynge, from thence alonge to the west reyne of the hedland of Agnes-havars, lyinge without
the dyke, to the pasture ground, from thence as the march stones ledeth to the Grenelawe well, and then
downe the letch there, to you come to the Stotfalds, from thence northward by certain march stones vvhich
is well knowne and lyeth betwixte the said Stotfaldes and Shotterike, and from the north syde of the Stot-
faldes by march stones betwixte Shotteryke and the Owdells, from thence by marche stones to the longe
roodes dyke and alonge the same dyke to the Spittell dyke, and from thence downe Howmers to the
Salter-burne and downe the burne to the sea along the lowe water marke to Cokette water, and over the
water to you come foranenst the Beaken-hill where standeth a stone' upon the said hill toppe which is
marche betwixte Ambell and Birlinge, and then westward right over to the water of Coquet and upe the
water to youe come to Helsay cragge parcell of the common of Warkworth, as the upcast of the ploughe
goeth, and from thence alonge the rigges ends of the Newe-towne on boith the sydes to the south end of
Birlinge, and then upe the kirke-syde dyke to the Orchard meddowe parcell of the parke and alonge the
paille to the said Mylne yaite again where you first begonne."
No vestiges remain of any prehistoric inhabitants, and the feudal history
of the township is comprised in that of the castle and manor of Warkworth ;
there are no traces either of free tenants or demesne lands. In 1248, when
the inquisition was taken after the death of Roger fitz John, the lord of
Warkworth, it was found that there were in Birling ten tenants {boiidi), each
of whom held 30 acres of land and gave for rent 3s. 6d. a year, four quarters
of malt barley (or 9s. at the lord's will), and made other services computed
at 6s. id.; the sum of the rent, barley, and services being ^^9 5s. lod. A
parcel of land was held in severalty by Henry the reaper (/c incsser) who
paid for the same \b\d. There were also six cottars, each of whom gave for
rent 8d. a year and made other services worth 2d. William Gustard held a
cottage at 4d. a year. The sum of rents, etc., of the cottar tenants was
6s. Bid., and the total value of the vill of Birling £^ 12s. 6|d.=* The place
was associated with the township of High Buston for the assessment for the
subsidy of 1296: the value of the two being /,22 os. 8d. Thirteen years
later, in the year 1309, each of the ten tenants held his messuage and 18
acres of land at a rent of 12s. a vear, making a total of £b ; there were also
' This stone still remains on the l3eacon-hill. ■ Duke of NoithumhcrlamVs MSS.
^ Inq. p.m. (Roger fitz John) 33 Hen. III. No. 66. Arch. Ad. 410 series, iii. p. 99.
198
WARKWORTH PARISH.
five cottars who held directly from the lord, each paying a rent of i8d.,
making a total of 7s. 6d.^ In 1352, in the inquisition taken after the death
of the first lord of Warkvvorth of the house of Percy, it was found that the
ten bondage holdings were each of them worth los. a year, and that the
eight cottage holdings were worth gd. each.' In 1368 there were ten
' bondage holdings in the hands of tenants at will,' each of which rendered
13s. 4d. a year, the sum being _^'6 13s. 4d.'
When the park of Warkworth was enlarged in the fifteenth centurv, a
portion of the meadow ground of the township of Birling adjacent to the
Coquet and in proximity to the hermitage was taken by the earl for that
purpose, and thenceforward the sum of lis. 8d. a year was allowed to the
tenants as an abatement from their rent. The ten tenants reappear at the
end of the century in Cartington's Rental, the first of the noble series of
survevs of the Percy estates preserved in the muniment room of the duke of
Northumberland.
Byrlvng, Tenants at Will, 149S.'
Tenant.
Holding.
Yearly Rent
payable at
Martinmas
and
Whitsuntide
Cottages.
Yearly Rent
payable at
Martinmas
and
Whitsuntide
Pledges.
Husbandland.
Thomas Whaniour..., I
28s.
I
IS.
Thomas Hudson and James Mayle.
.Alice Maille I
2SS.
—
—
Thomas Wharrier and John Browne.
John Avnald
I : 2Ss.
I
IS.
James Mayle and Nicholas Crawforthe.
Richard Dychaiuite\
Richard Coke (
Henry Wayte f
Thomas Hasand '
I
2Ss.
—
—
' Per plegium alter alterius.'
Nicholas Crawforth...
1
28s.
IS.
John .\rnald and John Medewe.
Robert Hogeson
I
28s.
IS.
John Browne and Thomas Hudson.
John Medewe
I
2SS.
IS.
John Browne and John .\rnald.
Isabel Robynson
I
28s.
IS.
John Medewe and John Browne.
John Browne
I
28s.
IS.
John ;\Iedewe and Thomas Hudson.
Thomas Hudson ...
•
28s.
IS.
Thomas Wharriour and John Browne.
Omnes tenentes praedicti reddunt domino annuatim ut in precio xiii gallinarum, videlicet de quolibet
domo unde funus {sic) exiit, j gallina precii id. = 13d. Idem tenentes reddunt domino annuatim 4d.
Sum of all the said rents and farms, ^^14 9s. 5d.
' /;(./. p.m. (Robert fitz Roger) 3 Edxv. III. No. 55. Arch. Ad. 410 series, iii. p. 104.
■" Iiuj. p.m. (Henry Percy) 26 Edw. III. No. 52 a. Ibiit. p. 108.
* Iiu]. p.m. (Heniy de Percy) 42 Edw. III. No. 48. Ibui. p. in.
' Cartington's Rental, 14 and 15 Henry VII. Duke uj Nurthumbcrlaiui's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF BIRLING.
199
The following extracts relating to Birling are derived from the
Receivers' and Bailiffs' Accounts preserved in the muniment room at
Syon •}
1472, Michaelmas. Robert Gobet and Robert Browne, provosts of Byrlinge, account for : Arrears,
nil. Farm of the vill, £1^ 13s. 4d. ; farm of one hiisbandland held by the tenants, 26s. 8d. ; price of 13
hens, received from various tenants, viz., from each house whence smoke issues, one hen id. = 13d. Sum,
;fl5 IS. Id.
1474, Michaelmas. Allowed part of 25s. 4d. for focage of Orchard medow and Mylnesyde banke
because they are now enclosed within the lord's new park, and this allouance shall be made yearly until
the tenants of Byrlynge have and peacefully enjoy another pircel of pasture to the said value, its. 8d.
1489, Michaelmas. The account of John Medowe and Isabel Robynson, widow, grieves of Byrlyng,
for the year : Arrears, nil. Farms leased to tenants of the vill, £1;^ 13s. 4d. ; farm of one husband-
land, 26s. 8d.; price of 13 hens, rent of various tenants, viz., from each house whence smoke issues one
hen price id. = 13d. Sum, ^15 is. id.
Allowed to the tenants of the lordship part of 25s. 4d. charged above, for focage of a meadow called
Orteyerd medowe and Milnesyke banke, because parcels of the same are enclosed in the lord's new park
of Warkworth to the enlargement thereof; and so they shall yearly have allowance until they have and
peacefully enjoy another parcel of meadow to the value of the said sum, lis. 8d. ; delivered to John Har-
botell, esc|uire, receiver, ;fi2 10s.; delivered to the same by hands of Richard Maxon and William
Burnyngale, assigned to them for maintenance of the palings of Sunderland park as in |)revious years,
13s. 4d. ; delivered to the same by hands of Robert Hogeson, bailiff of Warkeworth (8s. 3d.), and John
Boner, gardener there (los.), assigned to them in part of their fees this year, i8s. Sd. Sum of allowances,
/14 13s. 3d. ; owing, 7s. lod.
1532, Michaelmas. Paid to tenants of Burlynge for 16 waggon loads 'del fyers' carried to Wark-
worth castle at 2d. in November (2s. 8d.) ; for carriage of 12 waggon loads of grain in sheaves from
Morek to the chapel of St. Mary Magdalene at 3d. (3s.) ; of 4 w-aggon loads ' del slatez provisorum pro
nona tectura edificiorum domini apud Warke\\orth de super portam ibidem' at 2d. (8d.) ; of one waggon
load of ' beddynges' from Warkworth to Alemouth, as appears by a bill subscribed by John Williamson,
clerk, controller of the household (4d.), 6s. Sd.
Delivered to Ingram Percy for li quarters ' bland make' at 3s. ' le boUe,' as appears by a bill dated
l6th April, a" 24, written by the said Ingram, 12s. Paid 'pro tractione diversorum lignorum cum bobus
suis de Festerhaughe [Texterheugh] usque molendinum domini de Warkworth pro reparacione le galery
' The names of the several grieves of Birling who
fifteenth and sixteenth century accounts remaining at Sy
1472. Robert Gobet and Robert Browne.
1474. Richard Hudson and James Robynson.
1480. John Brown (Martinmas) and John
Hudson (Whitsuntide).
14S6. Thomas Wharreour and Thomas Male.
1487. John .•\rnolde, Thomas Haysande, and
Robert Hogeson.
1489. John Medowe and Isabel Robynson.
1503. Nicholas Crawford.
1506. John Brown.
1509. Alice, lelict of Robert Medowe, grieve.
1 519. Richard Mayle.
1523. Robert Male.
1524. John Medowe.
1526. Margaret Elder.
held office during the periods embraced in the
on house are best given in the form of a list.
1532. Robert HauU and Thomas Arnold.
1533- Robert Male.
1534. James Medowe.
1 537. John Hudson.
1 541. Thomas Arnold.
1562. Cuthbert Dobson.
1585. Alan Elder.
1587. Christopher Elder.
1588. George Whan yer.
1589. Thomas Davye.
1590. Cuthbert Arnold.
1 59 1. Edward Robinson.
1592. John Barde.
1593. Cuthlsert .Arnot.
1594. John Righ.
200
WARKWORTH PARISH.
domini pro caviagio tentez domini in uno plaustro de Warkwoith usque Sliilbotelwode tempore venacionis
ibidem' (4d.) ; in charges of Koljerl Mayle (4d.) riding from Warkworth to Staynton with a letter of
the lord directed to Ralf Fenwike.
1534, Michaelmas. For carriage of two waggon loads of slates from lUirling ' quarell ' to Warkworth
castle at 3d., 6d.
The township presented the relatively large nnmber of seventeen men
'able in horse and harnes' at the muster of 1538.
IJnri.inc Muster Roi.l, 1538.'
Jolm Atkmson, Willnie Ware,- John Gybson, Thomas Arnalld, Willme Med, Thomas Arnalld,
Willme Sanderson, Myllcs Wyllson, Willme Male, Robt. Maylc, Thomas Rowle, Edwarde Johnson,
Cryst. Ellder, Wyllmc Wyllson, Robt. Robynson, John Hudson, Rye. Hudson. Able in horse and
harnes.
These names do not correspond as closely as might be expected with the
names of the tenants shown in the survey made thirty years later. The
estimated size of each tenant's holding, the area of his house, croft, etc., his
rent, and the amount of the tine paid at the customary period, are shown in
the following table :
Survey of tiik Township or Hikling {cii-ai) 1567.'
Tenant.
Number of
Messuages.
Area of
Messuage
and Croft.
Collage.
Land.
Rent.
Fine.
Hugh Finche
Cuthbert Uobsone
Thomas Arnolde, senior ...
Thomas Arnolde, junior ...
Robert Browne
William Wharrier
William Elder
William Harper
Cuthbert Elder
Thomas Earingtone
Acres.
3 —
2 1 I
a
■J -
I —
* I
; , -
3r. 2op. I
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
£ s. d.
I 9 2
I 9 2
I S I
I 9 2
I 8 I
I 9 2
I 9 2
I 9 1
I 9 I
1 9 2
£ s. d.
2 18 4
2 19 2
4 4 3
4 7 6
5 >2 4
4 7 3
4 7 6
4 7 3
4 7 3
5 16 8
10
'4 9 4
The 5ur\eyor reports : T
Waikeworth, so that in all
when his lordship lyethe at
sholde have good regarde th
some tyme charged upon ye
from the next service that is
that of necessatie or dewtie y
payncs released
mcdowcs appertaining to ye
'liese tenants be but very fcwe in number, and is very nighe ye castell of
needful affaires they wilbe manic tymcs called to senyce, and especiallye
ye said castell. Wherfore yt ys reaquesite that his lordship's offycers ther
at ye said poor tenants be not overchardged, and yf they or anie of them be
sodaine with nedefull aftaires, and at ye tyme equall in service, to spare them
to be done, or anie of them so overcharged, onelesse ye service be sooche
t must be done, and then al'terwards to be accordinge to ther good w\ 11 and
[There is no] demaine lands or meadoues but all ther (.'), husbandland and
same, it is a good corn soile, but it haiihe lytell pastur grounde
' Arch. Acl. 4to series, iv. p. 163
of 32 Henry VIH. (1540-1541).
^ Clarkson's Survey, circa 1567. Duki oj Northumberland's MSS.
John Gray and John Moyre each paid 4d. to the Alien Subsidy
■■■ Probably meant for Wharrier.
TOWNSHIP OF BIRI.TNG.
20I
The most parte of ther pastur is arable land, the other is fine pastur grounde yf the same wer not
overcharged, for yt ys of small quantetye : yt will not be sufficient pastur to ye halfe of ye said tenants,
which in respect are but fcwe in number. They have greate realcif in Shottericke, which is ye pastur of
Neather Bustone, so longe as yt lyelh to pastur and not enclosed. In the springe tyme and most parte of
ye sommer quarter they have ther cattell jeasted in Shilbottell-wood, because ther o.\e pastur ys of so
smale a c|uantetye.'
Very miicli the same position was occupied by the tenants when the
next survey'' was made about the year 1585.
Tenant at Will
Previous Tenant.
lyi
a
I/]
Crofis.
91
0
0
Robert Finche ...
His father, Hugh
Finche
I
I croft of 4 acres ...
—
Thomas Wright ...
Cuthbert Dobsnii...
1
I „ 2 „ ...
I
Robert Arnold ...
His father, Thomas
.■\rnold
I
1 „ iacre...
—
Cuthbert Arnold ..
ITis father, Thomas
Arnold
'
I „ Ij acres
—
Thomas, son of
Koberl ISrowne ...
I
I „ i acre 1
Robert DaVye
I close of I acre [
I rood )
~'
(ieorge, snn of
William Wharior...
I
I croft of i acre...
—
William Wharior
Christopher Lilder
William Elder ...
1
I „ I „ ...
—
Michael Harper ...
William Harper ...
I
■ „ i
—
Hugh Elder
His father, Cuth-
bert Elder
I
1 11 2 1! •••
I
Thomas Huntley...
Thomas Errington
'
I „ 1 „ ...
I close of li roods
2 an o £
Acres.
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
33
Summe of the rentes of Billing
aforesaid
9 2
8 I
8 I
9 2
Fine
payable in
1585.
I
9
2
I
9
1
I
9
I
I
9
2
£h
9
4
7 5
7 5
At the muster of li^lit horse taken at Aberwick-edge on the 24th of
November, 1595, the following appeared from Birling : 'George Wharier,
Tho. Davy, Edw. Robinson, Jo. Barde, Jo. Wharier, and Christofer Elder,'
who were armed with ' defensive armour and with spears. Cuth. Arnold
armed with a bowe. All their horses were defective.''^
In 1 61 6 the site of the town of Birling was found to occupy 16 acres,
the arable field 456 acres, the common pasture 303 acres;* while the sur-
names of the ten tenants were very similar to those of the preceding survey.
' Duke of NorthumhcrlamVs MSS. - Ibid. ' di!. Border Papers, Bain, ii. p. 74.
' The moor, which lay to the northern end of the township, adjoining Nether Buston Moor on the
west and the sea mark on the east, contained 173 acres. Amongst the other pastures were the Salt-
goats, the Whinney-leaze, the Thisley-hill, and the Ox-pasture.
Vol. V. 26
202
WARKWORTH PARISH.
The Town of Birling, i6i6.'
Tenement and
Garth.
Meadow.
Arable.
Total.
A. R P.
A.
R, p.
A.
R. P.
A.
R. P.
John Huntley
I o 28
3
° 7i
44
3 3°3
49
0 25^
Hugh Elder
I 3 36
3
0 7
40
0 33
45
0 37
William Wharier
I 0 6
3
0 0
42
0 32
46
3 9i
0 4f
Jane Elder, widow '
2 0 10
3
0 18
40
3 16
46
Ralph Robinson
I 0 3
0
3 24
43
I 2
47
0 331
2 7i
William Davie ...
I 2 32
3
1 '3
44
3 4
49
John Barker
I I 3
2
3 35
44
0 29
48
I 27i
Robert Arnell
0 2 32
-y
3 20
40
I 0
43
2 \2\
Henry Finch
I 2 26
3
0 38
42
0 33
47
0 nh
Robert Finch
329^
3
0 12^
42
Sum
3 6
total ...
49
I 27J
471
3 36
During the course of the seventeenth century, and seemingly by mutual
agreement, the tenants apportioned the arable lands into three sections,
respectively called the north, west, and south sides ; and at the end of the
century a further division took place, which virtually ended the ancient
commonfield system of cultivation.
1697/8, 18th March. The obligation of the foure neighbours of Birling, etc. Whereas wee, William
Milbourne, John Lewen, William Elder, and William Barker, all foure of Birhng, in the county of North-
umberland, yeomen, being unanimously agreed to come to a single division of all our foure tenements in
Birling aforesaid, and in order to the effectual doeing of the same have had all our severall lands and
grounds surveyed, and likewise have submitted ourselves to the award, order, and determination of John
Cook of Togston, gentleman, and Thomas Smith of the same towne, gentleman, both of the same county
of Northumberland. We therefore, the said William Milbourne, John Lewen, William Elder, and William
Barker doe hereby oblige ourselves each to other mutually, on the penaltie of twenty pounds apiece, to
stand and abide the award and order of the said commissioners concerning the settling of the said division
among us, and hereunto we oblige ourselves, our heirs, executors, administrators and assignes, firmly to
these presents. In witness whereof, etc'
1700, i6th October. We do order, no person or persons inhabiting or residing within the borough
[of Warkworth] and village or hamlet of Birling shall for the future harbour or entertain any Scottmen or
w-omen or any other stranger whatsoever within any of ther several and respective burgages or dwelling
house or in any part or parcell of their farm-house or any other dwelling houses whatsoever until the
owner, farmer, or occupier of any such land or tenements shall first repair to Mr. William Milburn, the
lord of this manor's officer for the time being, and give him such reasonable security as the law-
requires, or else forfeit 39s. i id. a piece.'
' Mayson's Survey, 1616 ; Duke of Northumberland's MSS. Fractions below a quarter of a perch omitted.
'" She was the widow of Thomas Elder, whose will and inventory remain in the Registry at Durham.
' 1617, 29th September. Will of Thomas Elder of Birline, yeoman, to be buried in the parish church of
Warkworth. I leave eldest son William with the lease of my farmhold in Birlinge unto the custodie and
tuition of Jane my wife, and thereafter unto Christopher my father and Hugh Elder my cusone ; to my
son Thomas Elder, two kyne ; to my daughter Anne Elder, one kow ; to my daughter Jane, two quayes ;
to my daughter Isabell, a kow ; to Thomas Byers, two bolls of beare ; to my father Christopher, three
bolls of corne ; to my brother William Elder, a boll of beare ; to my brother John, a boll of beare ; to my
sister Isabella in Newcastle, a boll of beare ; I give 5s. to the church purse of Warkworth for repairing
said church.' Proved at Durham, l8th November, 1617. Amount of inventory, £94 12s. 4d.
■' From a copy from the original. Re\'. John Hodgson's Collection. ' Warkworth Court Rolls.
TOWNSHIP OF BIRLING.
203
BiRLiNG, Tenants at Will, 1702,
Tenant.
North side: William Elder
Executors of William Milbourne
John Lewens
William Barker
West side : John Huntley
William Wharrier -
John Huntley, late Elder
South side: George Nesbett ...
Edward Bell and Thomas Smyth
Ibid. Tenterhaugh and Hangman's acre
William Finch and Matthew Newton ...
Holdint:.
Tenement.
Rent
£ s.
'd
Rack.
£
5 0
0
30
4 10
0
30
5 0
0
30
5 0
0
30
5 0
0
30
5 0
0
30
5 0
0
30
5 0
0
30
."
4 13
4
30.
5 0
0
30
^49 3 4
Every tenement in Birling pays yearly ii kennings of bigg and iii Winchester bushells of oats for dry
moulter (paid to the farmer of the mills) and rent henns.
Though the system of rating by the ' farm ' for the church rate and the
parish clerk's wages Hngered in the parish of Warkworth until the vear 1835,
the last notice of its application to Birling is in the year 1826, when
Mr. Thomas Laidler was rated at 35 farms [parcel of the 4 farms formerly designated the 'north
side' of the township].
Mr. Matthew Wilson, i farm ; Mr. Robert Woumphrey, l,'}y farms; the borough grieve of Warkworth
for Pattison close, -^ farm. [The 3 farms formerly designated the 'south side' of the township.]
Miss Watson, i farm; Mr. John Wilson, 1,^ farms; the farm formerly held by Henry Cramlington,
and in 1826 held in closes, i^ farms. [The 3 farms formerly designated the 'west syde ' of the town-
ship and one-third of a farm parcel of the ' north side ' of the township.] "
Except of the Cramlington family,' there is scarcely sufficient material to
construct a pedigree of any of the tenants of Birling, but the following
abstracts of wills at Durham and other documents illustrate the history of
that of Milburn : '
' Duke of Nui-thiimbei'Uuul's MSS.
■ 1748, loth June. Will of William Wharrier of Birling, yeoman. To my grandson, Henry Cramling-
ton (eldest son of my daughter Ann, wife of Lancelot Cramlington), my leasehold farmhold at Birling,
held of the duke of .'somerset, my messuage or tenement in Warkworth, and my household goods. My
loving daughter Hannah, wife of Thomas Brunton of Monkton, in the county of Durham, and her son
Thomas Brunton ; my said grandson, Henry Cramlington, and Mr. Benjamin Cook of Warkworth,
executors. Proved at Durham, iSth June, 1750.
^ The closes representing the 'divided farms' were held by the following persons, mostly burgesses of
Warkworth : The Rev. T. C. Winscom, rated at ^50 ; Henry Cramlington, esq., £^0 ; Mr. Joseph Castles,
£26; Mr. John Garrett, ^10; Mr. Joseph Purvis, ^10; Mr. George Coward, ^10; Mr. Thomas
Marshall, /lo ; Mr. William Elliot, ;^9 ; Mr. John Dickson, £S ; Mr. Dickson, /8 ; Mr. William Tayte,
£8 ; Mr. Thomas Turnbull, £6. Warkworth parish clerk's book, in the possession (1899) "f ^^'- ^^- H. Dand.
' The history of the Cramlingtons (who were lineal representatives and successors of the family of
Wharrier of Birling) more properly belongs to, and must be reserved for, the account of the township of
Newsham, in the chapelry of Earsdon. Some notices of them, with a pedigree, may be found in Arcli.
Ad. xix. p. I. The short road leading to the Birling link from the Warkworth and Lesbury road was
made by the direction and at the cost of the last survivors of this ancient family, and is known as ' Miss
Cramlington's lane.' ' Chiefly furnished by Mr. J. C. Milburn of .Marlborough, Wilts.
204 WARKWORTH PARISH.
1665, 1666, 1667. William Milburn of Birling paid for one hearth. Hearth Tax Rolls.
1666. Will of Marlin Milburn of Rugley Firth, in the parish of Alnwick. I direct my body to be
buried within the parish church of Warkworth ; 1 give all my goods to my loving wife Dorothy Milburn
and my grandchild Martin Milburn equally between them ; I give to my wife the full half of the lease
which I hold under the ear! of Northumberland for her life ; I give to my son William Milburn two stotts
that are coining three years old, and to the said William's three young children, Anne, John, and Robert
Milburn, a quey and 20s. each. My wife and said grandson Martin, executors. Proved 1667.
Inventory, /"Sj 9s. lod.
1672, 27th April. William Milburn of Birling was desired to provide or obtain carts to convey the
material of the dismantled castle of Warkworth to Chirton.
16S6. James, son of William Milburn of Birling, gent., apprenticed. Book of Barber Surgeons'
Company, Ne'crastle.
1697/8, iSth March. William Milburn was one of the four neighbours who agreed to divide their
tenements in Birling.
1704. Will of William Milburn of Birling. I give . . . to my wife Agnes for her life, and then
to my grandson, William Milburn, the only son of John Milburn ; to my grandchildren .A^nn and Mary,
daughters of the said John Milburn, 40s. each. Proved 1704.
174S. Will of William Milburn of Rugley Firth, in the parish of .-Alnwick, yeoman. I give to my
nephew, Robert Milburn, son of my brother Robert Milburn, my messuage and land in Warkworth ; I
give to my nephew, Martin Milburn, son of my said late brother Robert Milburn, my lease of a farm
situate at Birling ; to my nieces Jane, Margaret, and Elizabeth Milburn, daughters of my said late
brother, ;f4o a piece. Proved 1748.
1773. Will of Robert Milburn of Warkworth, yeoman. I give the rents of iny real estate to my wife
Barbara Milburn, and after her death or re-marriage to my son Robert Milburn ; remainder to my son
Thomas ; household furniture to my daughter Barbara Milburn. Proved 1774.
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH BUSTON.
The hamlet which gives its name to the township of High or Over
Buston stands on a ridge or knoll about a mile from the shore, and commands
an e.xtensive sea view, extending from Alnmouth to Cresswell point. The
township has an area of 721 acres, e.xtending in a somewhat narrow strip from
the sea westward for about two miles and a quarter to the borders of Shil-
bottle parish. The quality of the land to the west (formerly the common) is
that of a tenacious clay well adapted for wheat ; adjoining the sea is a strip
of link, the remainder being excellent barley and turnip soil, with some very
rich pasture land. Limestone has been wrought for home use, and near the
hamlet is a quarry of good freestone. The population in 1891 was 81.'
Notices of Butliston in the early records can only be apportioned
between Low Buston and this place by bearing in mind that Low Buston is a
member of the barony of Wark-on-Tweed and High Buston of that of
Warkworth. The earliest notice is found in the Pipe Rolls of 1166, when
'The Census Returns are: iSoi, loo ; 1811, So; 1821, 95; 1831, 92; 1S41, 100; 1S51, 97; 1861
120; 1871,113; 1881,102; 1891,81.
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH BUSTON. 205
Lambert of Buttesdune is tined or owes a mark for a groundless appeal in
a suit before the king's justiciars, Godfrey and Richard de Lucy ; he paid his
fine into the Treasury and received his discharge.'
In 1227 William of Buston rendered an account of half a mark for a
writ of pluries ; he paid half of it into the Treasury and continued to owe
3s. 4d.^ In the inquisition taken in 1249, on the death of John fitz Robert,
lord of Warkworth, it was found that one moiety of the vill of Butelesdune
was held of him by William, son of Walter, who rendered for the same the
rent of i6s. a year, and gave for the keep of a horse and dog 13s. 4d., and
for stallage 2s.; he was bound to labour (arabit) for one day with two carts
(carucis) and to make three customary works (precaria) in the autumn with
five men each day, for whom the lord was to provide victuals : these services
were worth ii|d. a year. The other moiety was held by William, son of
Lambert, who rendered for the same 30s. a year for rent, and gave 6s. 8d. for
the keep of a horse and dog, for stallage 2s., and made other services worth
I i|d. a year ; the value of the vill of Butlisdon was 71s. 11 d. a year.^ Seven
years later, at the Northumberland assizes of 1256, there was a presentment
that Huard and Reginald, both of Budeslesdone, had broken into the grange
or granary of the father of Robert of Wooler, but the latter having raised
the hue and cry the criminals were followed to Warkworth.^ At the assizes
of 1279 there was a civil case concerning the chattels of William, son of the
smith of Amble, who, having by misadventure slain a certain Roger in
Boteleston and fled from justice, was outlawed.^
To the thirteenth century may be ascribed the grant of a rent-charge of
i8d. issuing out of a burgage in Warkworth, granted by William of Botles-
ton to the prior and convent of Brinkburn for the maintenance of the light
before the altar in the church there ;" the grant was confirmed by Stephen de
Gilling, clerk, and Agnes his wife.'
The township was associated with Birling in the assessment for the
subsidy of 1296.
' Pipe Rolls, 12 Hen. II.; Hodgson, Norlhumbciiand, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 9.
- Ibid. II Hen. III.; ibid. p. 149.
^ Inq. p.m. Roger fitz John, 33 Hen. III. No. 66 ; Arch. Ad. 410 series, iii. p. 99.
•" Nurthumbcriand Assize Roll, 40 Hen. III. Page, p. 77, Surt. .Soc. No. 88.
5 Ibid. 7 Ed. I. Page, p. 323, Surt. Soc. No. 88.
'Brinkburn Chartulary, Page, p. 139, Surt. Soc. No. 90. The witnesses to the grant were Walter of
Whithille, John of Newton, and William, son of Lambert (living 1249).
' Ibid. p. 139. The witnesses to the charter of confirmation were Sir Gerard de Woderington,
Robert of Thirklawe (then seneschal of Warkworth), William of Togesden, and others.
2o6 WARKWORTH PARISH.
BoTiLSDON Superior cum Birling Subsidy Roll, 1296.
Sunima
Bonoruni.
£ s. d.
Unde
Regi.
s. d.
Summa
Bonorum.
I s. d.
Unde
Regi.
s. d.
Thoniae Bariin ...
2
4 6
..40*
Willelmi Baty
132.
. 2 li
Willelmi Biyde
2
9 6
.. 4 6
Willelmi de Botlesdon
576.
■ 9 9i
Willelmi filii Henrici ■•-
■y
3 7
■• 3 II*
Johannis Buldricke ...
116.
. I iii
Roberti Yunger...
1
2 10
2 I
Walteri de Botlesdon...
I 14 6 .
. 3 If
Willelmi Brune...
2
5 8
..42
Willelmi filii Roberti ...
2711.
• 4 4i
Summa
hujus villae, ^22 os.
Sd. Unde domino regi, 40s.
Id.
In the inquisition taken at Newcastle in 13 10, on the death of Robert
fitz Roger, it was found that William de Botilston (who seems to have formed
one of the jury) held one moiety of Upper Botilston and rendered yearly to
the castle of Warkworth 32s. of white fenn ; the other moiety was held by
Richard de Botilston, who rendered yearly to the same castle 29s. 8d. of white
ferm. Both were free tenants/
Ricardus de Botleston, 2s. Sd. ; Thomas de Botleston, 2s. ; Robertas filius Ricardi, is. Sd.
Summa, 6s. 4d.
In 1362 Richard of Botilstoun was found to have died seised of lands in
Brotherwik, Botilstone, Wark-on-Tweed, and Over Botilstone ;^ and in 1369
it was found that Henry de Percy each year received a rent of 5s. out of the
vill of Over Botilston, and a rent of 40s. out of the vills of Over Botilston
and Toggesdon.'
At Michaelmas, 1472, the bailiffs accounted for 25s. jd. free rents
received from ' Thomas Watton ' and Richard Buston ; 24s. the ferm of a
tenement lately held by John Gryndon and then by Robert Browell ; 24s.
the ferm of a tenement lately held by John Gryndon and then by Thomas
Heppell ; and 24s. the ferm of three {sic) tenements lately held by John
Gryndon and then by Robert Wylson, making a total of £^ 17s. 7d.'
At Michaelmas, 1489, the bailiffs account for free rents received for
lands and tenements in Over Buston, from 'Thomas Watton' (15s. 4d.) and
William Buston (los. 3d.), £1 5s. 7d.; for the farm of three tenements
formerly John Gryndon's, of which one is held by William Gybson (24s.),
' Inq. p.m. Robert fitz Roger, 3 Ed. II. No. 55 ; Arch. Acl. 410 series, iii. p. 105.
- Inq. p.m. Ric. de liotilstoun, 36 Ed. III. No. 23 ; Hodgson, Northumbcyland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 80.
' Inq. p.m. Henry de Percy !e picvc, 42 Ed. III. Arch. Acl. 410 series, iii. p. Ill, but the rent was not
503. as is there misprinted, but 5s.
' Bailiffs' Accounts, 12 Ed. IV. In the bailiffs' account for 1474 the name of William is substituted for
Richard Buston, and in 1480 the name of Thomas Wilson, esq., is substituted for that of Robert Wilson.
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH RUSTON.
207
one by John Heppell (24s.), and one by Thomas Wilson
making a sum total received of £4 17s. 7d.' There is
entry in Cartington's Rental as follows :
Over Buston, 149S."
(24s-), £3 I2S.,
a corresponding
Tenants.
Holdings.
Yearly
Kent.
Pledges.
Free Tenants.
£
s.
d
' Thomas Watton '■■-
2 parts of the land formerly held by Richard
Boteston and 4 acres of land, ' et est omnia
terrae et tenementa sua ibidem'
0
17
It
William Buston ...
3 parts of the said land formerly held by the
said Richard, except the said 4 acres of land,
' est omnia tenae et tenementa sua ibidem '...
0
7
8
Sum of free rent, 25s. yd.
Tenants at Will.
Thomas Wylson ...
3 parts of I husbandland
0
18
0
Henry Wylson and
John (jibson
Edward Radclyf ...
3 parts of I husbandland ...
0
18
0
Thomas Wyslon and
Henry Wylson
Henry Wylson ...
3 parts of I husl.iandland
0
18
0
Thomas Wylson and
John (lybson
John Gybson
3 parts of I husbandland ...
Sum of all the said rents and farms in Over
Buston yearly, £4 1 7s. yd.
0
18
0
Thomas Wylson and
Henry Wylson
* It is probable that this name, as similar cases above, is a clerical error for Watson
In the Bailiffs' Accounts for 1503, there is an entry (of which no
explanation can be offered) of an allowance of 12s. 6d. of 'farm in Over
Buston granted for a yearly rent by the lord's executors to 'Thomas Wattson'
in compensation for a parcel of land enclosed by Henry, late earl of
Northumberland, within Sunderland park."
The Muster Roll taken by Sir Cuthbert Radcliffe thirty-five years after-
wards shows that twelve men, 'able, but wanting horse and harnes,' presented
themselves from this township.
Eu' Buston (belonging to Warkworth) Muster Roi.i,, 1538.'
Thomas Wyllson, John Wyllson, Willme Heppoyll, John Wyllson, Ed. Dawson, John Wyllson, Wyllme
Ayburwyke, Robt. Wyllson, Ed. Wyllson, John Boyer, Thomas Buston, Willme Buston, able men wantyng
both horse and harnes.
Over Buston was one of the eight towns appointed in 1552 to provide
ten men to keep the night watch from Hitchcroft to Rugley.''
' Bailiffs' Accounts, 5 Hen. \'II. ; Diikc of NorthnmhcrlaniVs MSS.
'' Cartington's Rental, 14-15 Hen. VII. ; ibid.
^ Bailiffs' Accounts, 19 Hen. VII.; Duke of Norlhiimhciiaud's MSS.
' Arch. Act. 4to series, iv. p. 163. '■ Nicolson, Border Laics, p. 197.
208 WARKWORTH PARISH.
In the elaborate survey made circa 1567 (after a recitation that the
lordship of Warkworth, with its members, Acklington, Birling, and Upper
Buston, was held of the Crown by the heirs of John fitz Robert) it is stated
that Brian Boose and Ralph Buston held one moiety of the vill of Over
Buston from the said John fitz Robert as free tenants by the service of a
fourth part of a knight's fee ; and that this moiety was now held by William
Bednell and Thomas Buston by homage, fealty, and suit of court at Wai'k-
worth, Bednell paying 5s. ^d. and Buston 7s. 8d. a year. After minutely
describing the boundaries of the township the surveyor states that :
This towne was at the fyrste planted with xvj tenants, as yett appeareth by the scites of there
tenements, and are nowe but viij tenants ; the cause ys that ther ys so htle arable lande and medowe
grounde, as also pasture moore grounde, which will not well suffice for the livinge of so many tenants,
and for that they sholde the better lyve, and be more able to doo ther dewtyfull servyce to ther lord
and master, they wer of xvj, made but viij tenants.
The said Thomas Buston hathe one lytle howse ther, wherin dwelleth one tenant to do hnii
servyce, which ys agaynst the old auncyent ordre of this lordship, for althoughe he aledgetli that he
or any other may upon his freholde sett suche severall buildinge upon auncyent scites, as they shall
thinke good, wherunto 1 must by leave agree, neverthelessc yf we consyder the premisses and for
what cause the said towne was brought from xvj tenants to viij fermors, as also the small quantety of
the common moare, and that every inhabytor within any towne must have suffycyent for the maintenance
of him and his famely, and wher also such staite (sic) extinte of all things ys kept (as ys in the towne of
Bustone), then they will thinke it bothe lawe and reason that ever\-e tenant of lyke lande and lyke rente have
lyke porcyon in all things upon the said common pasture. And sure I woldc give order that the said
Thomas Bustone sholde have no more pastur or other extinte or fewell (seeing he ys in all respects equall
with every one of the said tenants) for him and his tenant bothe, then one of the said tenants have, and
that under greate penaltye yf he be founde by the jurye convicte therof.
It ys to be noted that the said William Bednell's tenants, and also the said Thomas Bustone, do unto
his lordship like servyce, as my lord's tenants do there in all respects.
The said tenants be but poorc men, and be not nell horsed, nor yett have armer, as they are bounde by
their coppyes ; wherfore it it is requisite that ther shold a general! vewe be taken of all the tenants of this
lordship, and thereby order taken, that they in t\-me be well horsed, and have good anner.
The tenants of this towne at the begynning of summer have ther oxen allwayes gressed in Shilbottell
wood, or else they wer not able to manetene ther tenements. It is therfor requisite that his lordship or his
heyrs sholde have respecte unto ihe wante of pasture, that in any lease made by his lordship or his heyrs
to any person of the pasture the said -Shilbotell wood, there might be a proviso in the said lease that the
said tenants shold have ther oxen gresseyd ther, as they have been accustomed, and for suche indifferente
geiste as before this they have payed.
After noticing that close to the south side of the town there was (as there
still is) a ' good sprynge of freshe and swete water,' which might be carried in
pipes of lead and ' hewen ' stone to Warkworth, ' even to the uppermoste part
of the castell, or at the leaste for a conduite to be sett within the court,' the
surveyor makes sundry recommendations :
It were good that everjx tenant of this towne did inclose his crofte with stronge quicke hedges
severally, and every one frome another. Other partition than this is not convenyent for all respects to be
made within any part of tliis towne or lande apperteaninge thereunto.
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH BUSTON.
209
This towne is trimlye situate for the manoringe of ther lande, and the haininge of ther grounds ; the
tenements be indyfferently builded, accordyng to the maner of buildinge in this countrye. Albeit, seinge
they have nowe ther tenements by coppyeholde, and within the grounde is muche plentye of freestone and
lymestone, yt ys convenient they shold be compelled to buyld with lyme and stone, and order be taken
that everyone of the inhabitors shold helpe other in ther buildinge, wherby in fewe yeres all ihe said
tenements sholde be so builded that they sholde not neade to be repared in many yercs after, but
thackinge onlye.
Survey of Township of Over Buston, circa 1567.'
Tenants.
Husband-
lands
Area.
Rent.
Fine.
Tenure.
A. R.
p.
s.
£ s.
d.
Robert Buston
2
—
—
—
) Freehold tenants of Mr.
William Earsdon ...
2
—
—
—
[ William Beadnell of
Thomas Byers
o
—
—
—
3 Alnwick.
Thomas Buston
2
—
—
—
Freehold, being the tlth
part of the vill.
Thomas Wilson
0
33 0
0
.8
3 14
0
By copy of court.
Roger Wilson
2
28 0
0
18
3 12
0
11
John Wilson, senior
2
23 2
0
18
2 14
0
))
John Wilson, junior
Sum of all the fines e
•J
33 3
0
mtis
18
sioner
2 14
0
»
'cacted by
the con
II 14
0
Buston was included in the return made in 1586 of the ' townes and
villages that have ben most spoyled in this time of peace, and all or the
most parte of them ar within six miles of Sir John Forster's dwelling house
and within his office.'"
The next survey found each of the customary tenements in the hands of
the sons of the tenants of 1567.
Over Buston Survey of 1585.'
Tenants at Will.
Tenements.
Crofts.
Husband-
lands.
Area.
Tenure.
Rent.
Fine in
1585.
£ s.
Acres.
£
s.
Robert Wylson (son
I tenement with
I croft of
2
33
By copy of court
0
18
4 10
of Thomas Wyl-
a garden
i acre
according to the
son)
custom of the
manor of Cocker-
mouth
Robert Wylson (son
I messuage with
I croft of i
2
33
>j
0
18
4 10
of Roger Wylson)'
a garden
acre, and i
close of i
acre
Thomas Wylson
I messuage with
I croft of i
2
33
)»
0
18
4 10
(son of John Wyl-
a garden
acre
son, senior)
John Wylson (son
of John Wylson,
I messuage with
a garden
I croft of *
2
33
>j
0
18
4 10
junior)
Summe of the rentes of the
tenaun
tes at will aforesaid 3
12
' Clarkson's Survey, circa 1567 ; Duke of NortkumberlamVs MSS. Cf. Earl Percy, The Ancient Farms
of Northumberland ; Arch. Ael. xvii. pp. 5-7. - Lansdowne MS. 49, art. 62 ; Border Club, p. 67.
■' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ' 1585, Probate of the will of Roger Wilson of Over Buston was
granted to Isabella Wilson, widow and e.xecutri.x of the deceased, for the benefit of herself and of their
children, Robert, John, Margaret, and Katherine. Durham Probate Registry.
Vol. V. 27
2IO WARKWORTH PARISH.
At the same period William Beidnell and Thomas Buston held a moiety
of the vill of Over Buston as free tenants by the fourth part of one knight's
fee and by homage, fealty, and suit of court at Warkworth every third week.
Beidnell paid a free rent of 17s. iid. and Buston 7s. 8d. a year to the lord
of Warkworth.^
In 1592 the free rent of Togsden and Over Buston amounted to 46s. 7d.
and the ferm of Over Buston to 72s.-
At a muster of light horsemen on Aberwick-edge on the 24th of
November, 1595, there were present from Over Buston, Robert Wilson, sen.,
furnished with defensive armour and armed with a spear, Robert Wilson, jun.,'
Richard Mylborne, John Browell, and John Byard, furnished with defensive
armour and armed with bows, and John Wilson, who was furnished with
defensive armour and a petronel."
An undated petition addressed to the earl of Northumberland by John
Wilson ' for a farm held by his ancestors ' may be ascribed to this period.
To the nj^^ht honorable the earle of Northumberland, the humble peticione of John Wilsonne of
Upper Bustonne, his wife and eight poore childrenn :
Humblie complaineinge shewethe unto your good honour your poore peticioners ; that whereas your
saide peticioner and his predecessors being ayncient tenauntes to your honour, holdinge one tenement on
ferme in Upper Bustone, by vertue of coppieholde tenure out of the memorie of mann which coppies both
of your saide poore peticioners greate grandfather, his father's father, and his owen father, are yet
extant and to bee seene; and now-e of this late time your saide poore peticioner, being under age, helplesse
and none to doe for him, and forced (God knowes) by some of your honour's officers to take a lease and
pave double and tribble rent insomuch as that your saide poore peticioner, his wife, and eight poore
children is utterly nowe beggered and overthrowen, unlesse your worthie good honor wilbe pleased to
take a pittifull commiseracione hereof, or otherwise your saide poore peticioner, his wife, and poore
children, knowes no other meanes but of force to give over your honour's land, by reasone of the deare
rentinge thereof, and so be constrained to go a begginge upp and dowen the countrie.
May it therefore please your good honour, even for God's cause, that your honor wilbe pleased
according to the pittifullness of the cause to take consideracione herein, and that wee maye enjoye itt
againe, as our predecessors have doone accordinge to the ould ayncient rent, or otherwise referringe it as
your honor shall thinke most fitlinge. And I shall with my wife and eight poore childrenn, according as
ourbounden duetie is, dailye praye for your honour's long continuance with all increase of happines.'
Amongst the numerous petty misdemeanours of which Thomas Percy, the
earl of Northumberland's commissioner, was accused in 1602, are these: 'John
Wilkinson of Over Busdon says that Mr. Percy had j^^o for his farmhold,
being but i8s. of ancient rent, besides /.'^ he gave to Sir John Ladyman
and Gabriel Ogle for procuring the bargain at iNIr. Percy's hands. He also
says that his predecessor, John Wilson, two years before gave to Mr. Percy
' Survey of 1585 ; Duke of Northumberland's MSS. - Ibid.
^ 161 5. Administration of the personal estate of Robert Wilson the younger, late of Upper Buston,
granted to John, Isabella, Agnes, and Elizabeth, the children of the deceased. Durham Probate Registry,
* Cal, Border Papers, Bain, ii. 74. * Duke 0/ Northumberland's MSS,
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH BUSTON.
2X1
_£^20 for his goodwill of the said farmhold, which Wilson was executed for
felony, and his escheats (worth ^30) were received by Mr. Percy.''
At Michaelmas, 1602, the bailiffs claimed an allowance of a sum charged
' on the executors of William Beidnell, gentleman, for parcel of free rent in
Over Buston at 12s. 8d. yearly, unpaid this year and for 15 previous years
beyond 5s. 3d. yearly to the lord's bailiff.' ' Tamen dictum est inclusari infra
parcum de Warkworth predicta pro chargacione ejusdem ut ab antique
tamen hie super gressum pendem quousque melius inquiratur, 10'' 2S. 8d.'^ .
On the 3rd of July, 1607, Robert Delaval writes to the earl :
I have had conferaunce with your lordship's tenants of Buston, who seems yett unwilling to part with
ther customary rights. Thomas Carr is very willing to exchange his part of the town for your lordship's
farm called Seaton, so soon as I have got the four tenants willing to sell or exchange for other lands ther
rights. I shall certainly know of them within this week, then I mind presently to inform myself of the
worth of Thomas Carr's part of Buston and also of Seaton-house and by the ne.xt convenient means send
your lordship word thereof."
On the 22nd of August following, Delaval again writes to the earl that
'the Buston tenants will not agree,' but on the 30th of January, 1610/11,
George Whitehead, writing to the earl from Warkworth, says :
I have procured one John Wilson of Over Buston to deliver me in his copye and is content to take a
lease at double rent, which I consider a reasonable macke (?) for your lordship, for he is under thirtye yeares
ould ; the lease to beginne at Lady day next. The rent now^e of the tenement is iSs., in the leasse it must
be 36s. I praye the leasse may be sent down nowe with Mr. Fotherley to me, for I trust by this meanes
to drawe more in.''
The survey, made about the year 1616, gives very precise and definite
information as to the size and description of the holdings :
Survey of Over Buston, 1616.^
The Lord of the Manor's
Moiety of the Township.
Tenement,
Close, etc.
Meadow
Land.
Arable Land.
Total.
John Wilson, senior
John Wilkinson ...
John Wilson, junior
Robert Wilson
Thomas Carr held 3 tenements
and garlhs containing
Roger Buston held 2 messuages
containing
A. R. P.
0 2 26
0 2 I
0 2 yA
0 3 36'
Sum of teneme
Tl
1 I 5l-
0 3 13*
A. R. P.
I 3 34*
1 3 34i
2 2 34l
1 3 I9i
nt lands ...
e Freeholders' Moie
6 I 5*
2 2 igi
A. R. P.
35 I i2i
35 2 8l
36 3 oi
35 2 22i
ty.
97 I 18
34 I H
erch omitted.
A.
37
38
40
38
R. P.
2 33
0 4j
0 25
0 38*
154
104
37
0 29I-
3 28i
3 14
Sum of freehol
Fractions ui
d lands
ider a quarter of a p
142
2 3 If;
' 'Informations against Mr. Thomas Percy for divers misdemeanors with his justifications of hnnself,
1602.' Annals of the House 0/ Percy, ii. p. 591 . " Bailiffs' Accounts, 44 Eliz.; Dnke 0/ Noylhumberlands MSS.
» Diiki of Northumberland's MSS. ' Ibid. ' Mayson's Survey, 1616; ibid.
212 WARKWORTH PARISH.
The lord's moiety of the township was found to comprise in messuages,
arable and meadow land 154 a. 2 r. 29I p., and the freeholders' moiety
142 a. 2 r. ^if p. There were 431 acres of undivided lands which comprised
the moor 223 acres, the Threap Moor^ (which was also claimed by the tenants
of Bilton) 67 acres, the ox pasture 50 acres, the sea banks 62 acres, and
sundry other parcels representing upwards of 24 acres, making a grand total
of 728 acres.
Very soon after the date of this survey the tenants, both free and
customary, petitioned the lord 'that for the taking away of the daylie
inconvenience which they suffer by reason of the intermixture of their lands
and tenements which do now lie in common each with others' he would
consent to the partition of Over Buston.
To the right honorable Henrie, earle of Northumberlande. Wilhii. Bednell of Overbuston, in the
countie of Northumberlande, gent., humblie praieth.^
That where the saide towne or village of Over Buston is held in commen, th'one moyetie thereof to
your honour, three paits of th'other moyetie to the said Willm. Bednell, and the fourthe parte of the same
to one John Buston without division. That it woulde please your good lordship to consent that particion
may be made of the same, and that alsoe there maye be convenyent exchange of the arable landes
lyeng in the commen feildes there to be ratablie reduced into severaltie by the same particion, for the
reasons underwritten.
Firste, for that the commens and pastures of the saide village lyeng open unfenced uppon the
commens and feildes of Wowdon and Bilton (wherein are manie tenants and greate nombers of catle) the
profitts of the same are contynuallie by them surcharged, and your lordship's tenants thereof prevented.
By reason hereof divers quarrells and variances have hapned and daylie like to insue betweene the
tenants of bothe townes by chasinge, rechasinge, and impoundinge of theire catle, damage fezant which
cannot be kept out but by contynuall staffeheardinge, to the greate charge of your lordship's poore
tenants.
Your lordship's tenants being fower in nomber, unprovyded to keepe able horses by reason of the
wante of convenyent pasture and meadowe, may be enabled by this particion for that purpose.
Inclosure would greatlie strengthen the said village, and aide your lordship's tenants against
th'incursions of Scotts and forren ryders, which otherwise, lyeing open, cannot be defended by the nomber
there, whoe are forced to watche generallie together everie night, to theire greate charge and indurable
toyle.
This breedinge betterment to the soyle and ease to your lordship's tenants, will augment your honour's
revenue there, avoyde forren commyners, prevent contencions, enhable your lordship's tenantes to doe your
honour theire recjuisite service, and bynde your orator to praie that your good lordship may longe live in
happie state.
The earl being then at Petworth granted a warrant, dated 20th February,
1 62 1, that the division asked for should be made.^
' In 1600 a presentment was made that ' The tenants of Wowden and Buston do pretend title to a
parcel of land on the common of Bilton wTongfuliy.' Atirivick Court Rolls quoted, Tate, Alnwick, i. p. 351.
-Not dated. Endorsed 'A supplicacion of Willm. Bednell of Over Buston, in Northumberland,
for particion of landes ther.' Duke of N orthumhcrlaiuVs MSS.
^ Percy Family papers. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
; of Lease.
Rent.
Rack.
1685
• £3
•• £n
16S5
3
II
1698
3
II
1697
3
II
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH BUSTON. 213
At the end of the stormy seventeenth century, as at the begmning, the
lord's moiety of the township was occupied by four tenants.
Tenants of Over Buston, 1702.'
William Wilkinson ... ... ...
John Draycott,- late his grandfather John Wilson
John Wilson^ ... ... ... ...
Robert Wilson ... ... ...
The tenants pay rent hens. ^12
Free tenants: Roger lUiston, i tenement, 7s. 6d.; Mr. Joseph Forster, 3 tenements, 5s. 6d.
The freehold lands in the possession of the Beadnell family in 1567 and
1616 were acquired in 1630 by the Whiteheads of Boulmer, and in 1672
were sold by Nicholas Whitehead of Boulmer to Joseph Forster of Shilbottle
Wood-house. The history of this line of the Forster family has been given,
with a pedigree, in a former volume of this work,^ and it is only necessary
to add that this estate remained with the descendants of the purchaser
until 1892, when it was sold by Mr. J. M. Forster of Newton and his son to
the duke of Northumberland.
A family taking its name from the township was settled here from a very
early period, and there are indications that it had at one time been possessed
of a greater proportion of the township than the one-eighth which it held
from the reign of King Edward VI. or Queen Mary until recently. Though
tradition carries the history' of the family back to the time of King John
when a member of it is said to have extricated him from the bog upon
Alnwick Moor (through which thenceforth every candidate for the freedom
of Alnwick was for many generations obliged to pass before being admitted
to his freelage), it has not been found possible to carry a connected pedigree
to a period earlier than the end of the sixteenth century.
' Diihe of NorthimibirlamVs MSS. A common pasture, containing 223 acres, was apparently divided
about this time amongst the leasehold tenants and the freeholders.
- 1749, 19th .September. A nineteen and a half years' lease was granted to Margaret Draycott of
Newcastle, widow, and Matthew Draycott of Durham, yeoman, of a tenement in High Buston, formerly
in the possession of John Wilson, and afterwards of John Draycott, late husband of the said Margaret,
and father of the said Matthew. Fine, ^70; rent, ^10. Duke of Northutnberland's MSS.
•' October, 1689. John Wilson presents William Shephird of lUiston for breaking the pinfold at
Buston and taking out his goods, viz., one nagg, being lawfully impounded for trespassing in the fogg.
1690, i6th October. John Wilson of Over Buston presents William -Shephcard for not repairing the
Lammas-acre gate. Warkworlh Court Rolls. * Vol. ii. p. 99.
^ In an election ballad of the time of the contested election of 1826, entilled Neutrality Broken, here
occurs the following couplet :
' Oh Tommy ! Oh Tommy I thou last of fifteen,
Of the B ns of B n, so noble and lean,'
alluding to the fifteen generations of the family of Buston of High Buston.
214
WARKWORTH PARISH.
The small estate held by the Bustons in the township of High Buston,
with the adjoining farm of Wooden, was sold in 1882 by the representatives
of Mr. Roger Buston to Sir W. G. Armstrong, who purchased it for the
purpose of effecting an exchange with the duke of Northumberland for
lands of similar value near Rothbury.
BUSTON OF HIGH BUSTON.
Roger Buston of High Buston ; will dated 4tli Jan.,
1622/3; proved at Durham, 1623; buried within
Warkworth church Qg).
Roger Buston of High Buston ; sole executor to his
father's will ; occurs in list of freeholders, 1638/9 (//).
Annas.
Margaret ... ; named in
her husband's will.
; married
.. Robinson.
Elizabeth ; youngest
daughter.
I
Roger Buston of High
Buston ; in 1663 was
rated for lands there
at ;^"S per annum ;
buried 22nd June,
16S0 (n).
John Buston of Bondgate, Alnwick ; 24th Oct , 1663, adminis- = Anne Alnwick ; mar
tration of his personal estate committed to his brother
Roger Buston for the use of his sons Roger and John (^).
ried 7th Nov., 1649
Roger, baptised 22nd April, 1650 (rf).
John, iDapti?ed 14th Sept., 1651/2 (-/).
Henry and Benjamin, bap. gth, Jan., 1652/3 (d).
Joseph, baptised 13th Jan., 1657/8 (<^).
I I
Anne, baptised 23rd Feb., 1659/60 («).
Hannah, baptised 6th Jan., i66o,i'l («).
PhiUis, dau. of John
Strother of Bond-
gate, Alnwick ;
bap. 31st Jan.,
1646/7 ; mar. 17th
Nov., 1677 {d).
Roger Buston of High Buston ; = Jane Re[ad] ; mar.
1681 was admitted to lands
there as eldest son and heir
of Roger Buston recently de-
ceased («) ; buried 19th Aug.,
1708 (a).
29th Nov., 16S9
(a) ; buried 9th
Aug., 1 69 1 (a).
Margaret ; bur.
in Warkworih
church loth
Ai.g., 1677
(■)■
Culhbert Buston.
-['
Caleb Buston of
High Buston, bur.
13 April, I7I7(<').
4/
I
Roger Buston of High Buston ; voted for High
Buston in 1722; buried I2th Mar., 1733(4 («) !
will dated 29th Dec, 1733 ; proved at Durham,
1734 {?)■
Ann Lee of Embleton ; married at Embleton,
loth June. 1701 ; named in her husband's
will; buried 5 th May, 1768 («). ' 2nd May,
1768, Roger Buston's mother died ' (/).
I
Margaret Buston ;
bur. 2 1 St July,
1 69 1 ((Z).
Roger Buston of High Bus- = Ann,
of J.acob
ton, baptised 3rd Jan.,
1705/6 («) ; married at
Alnwick, 18th May, 175 1
(rf) ; buried 3rd Feb.,
1786 (3) ; will dated 4ih
Nov., 1783 ; proved at
Durham, 1786 {g).
Weatherburn [?dau.
of Thomas Horsley
of Morwick] ; married
iSth May, 1751 (./) ;
died 20th, buried 24th
Mar., 1788 00 (0-
I III
Thomas Buston, .-Vnn, baptised 1 2th May. 1702 (a); mar-
baptised 8th ried at Howick, l8th July, 174S, Thomas
March, 1707/8 Neal of AInmouth ; died J././ buried
(fi) ; lived at 2nd Jan., 1789 (a).
High Buston; Jane, baptised 4th Dec, 1703 («) ; named
buried 2nd in her father's will.
May, 1793O'). Phillis, baptised l6th May, 1710 (a) ; mar.
at Berwick, 22nd May, 1758, Thomas
Bell of Shortridge, and died s.p. at High
Buston, aged 89 ; bur. 4th April, 1799 (a).
Roger, baptised
... ; buried
16th March,
1757 («)■
Thomas Buston of High
Button, baptised 21st
.April, 1756 ((/■) ; died
17th Jan., 1S39 ; will
dated i6th Dec, 1835 ;
proved 1839 (;')•
Phillis, daughter and co-heiresS
of John Storey of Learchild
and Alnwick ; born 2 1st May,
1760; married 1 1th Jan.,
1787 (•'') ; died l8th May,
1S33 C"^)-
Ann, baptised 8th April, 1752
(rt) ; married 23rd Dec, 1 793
('), William Roberts of Kings-
gate, Kent, and died s./>. at
High Buston, 9th May, 1S29,
aged 77 («).
* The family tradition is that her name was Vardy.
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH BUSTON.
215
Roger Buston of High = Cicely, dau.
Buston, born nth
Aug., 1795 (c) ; bap-
tised 7th Mar., 1796
(fl) ; died nth Sept.,
1876 (0, aged 82;
buried in Warl<worth
new burial ground.
of John
Lambert of
Alnwick,
attorney ;
died at
Whitby,
Yorlis.,
9th April,
1S99,
aged 79.
I I
Thomas Buston, born
1 2th April (c), bur-
ied 19th July, 1797
(")■
Thomas Buston, born
28th Dec, 1798(c) ;
died unmarried ;
buried 28th Jan.,
1832 (0.
I I I I I ^ . , ,
Jane, born 30th Sept., 1787 (c) ; buried 23rd June,
178S («).
Ann, born 19th Feb., 1789 (r) ; baptised nth Feb.,
1790 (a) ; mar. 25th May, 1820(a), Philip Dennis
of Alnwick, surgeon ; died 2nd Sept., 183 1.
Phillis, born 22nd Dec, 1790; baptised 24th April,
1793 ('0 ; uiar. 25th June, 1812 (a), Edmund
Craster of Preston, and died 20th Dec, 1813.
Jane, born 24th Jan., Iiaptised 24ih April, 1793 (a) ;
died T5th Feb., 1S04 (r),
Mary, born 13th March, 1801 (<r) ; bap. 16 July,
1805 (a) ; died unmarried, 14th June, i860 (c).
Thomas, born
nth, died
17th Mar.,
1844 (/O.
Roger Buston of High
Buston, born 9th Feb.,
1846 ; died at Buston
Barns, 1 2th Mar.,
1893 ; bur. at Wark-
worth new burial
ground.
Caroline, daughter
of Edward Thew
of Shortridge ;
born 3rd April,
1849 ; married
31st Jan., 1871
(«).
I I
John Buston of Lesbury ;
died at Whitby, York-
shire, 23rd Aug., 1895,
aged 45, unmarried.
William Thomas Buston,
born nth June, i860 ;
died in Virginia, 4th
April, 1888, aged 27.
.11
Juliana Phillis, born
29th Jan., 1848 ;
died i6th Dec,
1853 (-5). .
Cicely ; living un-
married, 1898.
I I I I
Thomas Buston, born at High Buston, 8th March, 1873.
Roger Buston, born at High Buston, 15th Sept., 1874.
Henry, born at High Buston, 2nd June, 1876.
Alfred Francis, born 22nd May, 1SS2.
Mil
Elizabeth Mary, born nth Feb., 1872.
Gertrude Phyllis, born gih July, 1877.
Ethel, horn 30th June, 1S79.
Cicely Caroline, born 14th Feb., 1885.
(fl) Wariwoi//i Register.
(/<) Warkworth M.I.
if) Family Bible.
{d') Alnwick Register.
(<) Warkuoith Court Rolls.
(/) Mr. Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book.
(^) Durham Probate Registry.
(/;) .ircli. Ael. 4to series, ii. p. 324.
Evidences to Buston Pedigree.
1622/23, 4'h January. Will of Roger Buston of Over Buston, yeoman: My body to be buried within the parish
church of Warkworth, To my youngest daughter, Elizabeth Buston, 3 oxen ; to my daughter, Annas Buston, 2 stirks.
I will that my granddaughter. El. Robinson, and her sisters, Ann and Margaret Robinson, have each a gimnier.
My wife, Margaret, and my son, Roger, to be executors. Proved at Durham, loth December, 1623. Durham Probate
Registry.
1623, 6th December. Inventory of the goods of Roger Buston of Upper Buston, deceased, appraised by John
Wilkinson the younger, John Watson, John Wilson, Robt. Wilson. 4 oxen, £^; 4 kine, £^; 2 stirkes, 13s. 4d, ;
a meare, £2 6s. 8d. ; 3 sheepe, 5s. ; a boule of wheat and three bushels of rie, £2 ; 5 boules of beare at 8s. the
boule, £2 ; 8 boules of oats at 5s. the boule, £2 ; a boule of wheat sowen, £2 4s.; 3 bushels of rie, £1 4s. ; hay,
13s. 4d. ; plough geare, 6s. 8d. ; his apparell and furniture, £1. Total, ;^22 8s. Ibid.
1733, 29th December. Will of Roger Buston of High Buston : My real and personal estate at High Buston to
my eldest son, Roger Buston, he paying £(> a year to my wife, Ann, who is to be allowed to reside in a house at the
north side of the town ; to my son, Thomas, /20 ; to my daughters, Ann, Jane, and Phillis, /30 a piece. My wife
and my son Roger, executors. William Wilkinson of High Buston, gent., and .Arthur Lee of South Shields to be
supervisors. Proved, 1734- Ibid.
Thomas Buston, by his marriage in 1787 with Phillis, daughter and
heiress of John Storey, acquired the estate of Learchild and the great tithes
of Beanley.
The main stem threw off several branches, which for a time flourished at
Alnwick, Shilbottle, and Embleton, but the only vigorous cadet line is that
2l6
WARKWORTH PARISH.
which, formerly settled at Butcher's Race near Ferryhill, is now represented
by Mr. Roger Buston of Tunbridge Wells, eldest son of the late Rev. Roger
Buston, vicar of Twyford, Hants.
RoGEK Buston of Ferryhill ; buried gth Oct.,
1737 («), or Oct., 1740 (<«).
John Buston of Ferryhill ; died 31st ^ Ann (c) ; died
15th Jan., 1800,
aged 65 (/').
Aug., 1780, aged So (a) (i) (f) ;
will dated 7th July, 1779 ; proved
at Durham, 1780.
[? Elizabeth ; died 19th Nov., 1758,
aged 86 (,i).J
Thomas Buston of Ferryhill ; = Jane ; died
died at Long Newton ;
buried gth March, 1785
(«) (6-), aged 84 (^).
Roger Buston of Trinity college,
Cambridge, B A. 1785; vicar of
Barford and Roxton, Bedfordshire.
I I
John ; died 5th Sept., 1765, aged 8 years (i5).
Thomas ; died 6th Aug., 1768, aged 3 years (i5).
loth April, 1766,
aged 50 (/)).
Roger Buston of Coatham Stob, afterwards = Isabella Oliver of Carr
of Ferryhill, baptised lith Feb., 1745
(«) ; died 19th May, 1817, aged 71 («).
A shorthorn breeder.
house, near Durham ;
married 17th Feb.,
1801 (rf).
Humphrey ; died
4th Sept., 1817
I
Jane ; died loth
June, 1808,
aged 64 (_i).
I
Roger Buston, fellow of Emmanuel
college, Cambridge, vicar of Twy-
ford, Hants. ; born at Coatham
Stob, 13th Jan., 1806; sold his
lands at Butcher's Race and
Ferryhill in 1862 ; died at Tw)--
ford, August, 1886.
Anne Mary, daughter of
Philip Dennis of Aln-
wick, surgeon, by his
wife Anne, daughter of
Thomas Buston of High
Buston ; mar. 27th .April,
1850 ; died at Win-
chester, Oct., 1895.
I I
Thomas Buston of Lon-
don, hop merchant ;
died s.fi.
John Buston of Dolfonby,
Cumberland, afterwards
of Kirkby Stephen,
where he died unmarried,
A shorthorn breeder.
Elizabeth Jane,
born I ith Sept.,
1807 ; mar. 26th
April, 1836,
Thomas Crofion
of Holywell, co.
Durham.
Roger Buston, JLA., of Em- ^ Mary, daughter of
manuel college, Cambridge ; I R. Sl Redhead of
born at Twyford, Sept., 1S51; ^ Holden Clough,
of Tunbridge Wells. Clithero.
Ill J I 1
Philip Buston, major R.E. Several
Charles Buston, M..-\., of Emmanuel col- daugh-
lege, Cambridge, clerk in orders, ■i- ters.
.Arthur Buston of Liverpool, •i'
(/i) Jitr^ Mcrringtov Register.
(J>') M.I. Surtees, Durham, iii. p. 2S0.
(c) Lambert MS.
((/) Newcastle Courant^ :
ist Feb., iSor.
John Wilkinson, who, about the year 1600, obtained Wilson's escheated
tenement, was probably a kinsman of Thomas Wilkinson of Nether Buston,
who died in 1588. From him descended a line of tenants who continued
to hold their lands here of the earls and dukes of Northumberland until
the 25th of March, 1864. A long bow, which was asserted to have been
borne by his ancestor at the battle of Hedgeley Moor, was presented to the
duke of Northumberland by the late Mr. John Wilkinson, and is preserved
in the museum at Alnwick castle.*
Case F, No. 8S5. The bow is 5 feet 6 inches in length.
TOWNSHIP OF HIGH BUSTON.
217
WILKINSON OF HIGH BUSTON.
John Wilkinson gave £10 to Mr. Percy (or his farmhold in Over Buston in or before 1602.
when he made a deposition, 21st Sept., 1615, in a suit in the Court of Exchequer («).
John Wilkinson of High Buston was presented in 1638 for two fold bursts (/).
Henrj' Wilkinson of High Buston ; buried =
gih April, 1689 («).
Was aged 70 years
John Wilkinson of High Buston ; buried = Mary Tate of Newton-on-the-Moor ;
I2th Sept., 1711 («). married 7th June, 1694 («).
Elizabeth Kenelm. '1719,
Nov., Mr. Wm. Wil-
kinson of High Buston
and Mrs. Elizabeth
Kenelm of Little
Houghton ' married (/);
bur. 9th June, 1726(a).
William Wilkinson of High Buston,
baptised 17th March, 1694/5 i") \
purchased lands in Low Buston,
2nd Aug., 1726 (_/j) ; buried 25th
April, 1772 («) ; will dated igth
April, 1772 ; proved at Durham
same year (w).
1 I I
John, baptised 5th Oct., 1720 (a).
John, bapti.=ed loth May, 1721
(a) ; died in infancy
William, bap. 20th Oct., I724(«) ;
buried i8th Jan., 1724/5 («).
I I
Elizabeth ; bur. 5th
Mar., 1727/8(3).
Mary, bap. 8th .Mar.,
1 72 1/2 («) ; died
in infancy.
Mary, daughter of Mi-
chael Pemberton of
Bain bridge-holm,
CO. Durham ; bap-
tised 1st April, 1707;
married 13th July,
1732 (c) ; living
1754-
Henry Wilkinson =
of .Alnmouth,
baptised 25lh
Oct., I6g6 (fl) ;
buried 28th
Sept., 1744
(")■
: Elizabeth
buried
8th
March,
1756
I I
Anne, baptised 8th March,
1698/9 {a).
Mary, baptised gih April,
1704 (fl).
William Wilkinson of High
Buston, baptised igth Oct.,
1736 (a) ; succeeded to
lands in Low Buston at
his father's death ; died
28th Dec, 1 82 1, aged 85,
' after being blind for a
period of 1 1 years ' (d).
Isabella Robinson of
Duddoe, parish of
Stanninglon ; mar-
ried at .Stannington,
26th Jan., 1779,
'with a fortune of
;f 1,000 ' (;).
Ml
Thomas, baptised 29th
Aug., 1738 (a) ; buried
15th June, 1759 (a).
Henry Wilkinson, bap. 1st
Aug., 1742 (a) ; bur. 3rd
Jan., 1816, aged 73 (a).
Michael, baptised 3rd
April, 1745 (a) ; buried
9th July, 174S (a).
I I I
Anne, bap. 29th June, 1733 (a) ;
buried 19th Aug., 1761 (a).
Mary, hap lOlh Sept., 1734 (a) ;
mar. 2nd July, 1776, as his
Fecond wife, John Huntley of
Birling (a) (y), and died s.p.
Bridget, bap. 22nd Jan., 1739/40
(a) ; mar. Thomas Smith of
H.M. Custom?, Sunderland.
! . I
William ; John Wilkinson of High Buston, bap-
baptised 3rd tised 2nd July, 1781 (a) ; succeeded
July, 1780 (a) ; to lands at Low Buston at his
buried father's death, and sold the same
nth Dec, in 1832 to his brother Henry;
'797 («)• died unmarried 6th Jan., 1864,
aged 83 (/,).
I
Henry Wilkinson of High Bus-
ton, baptised, i6ih June 1783 ;
sold lands in Low Buston
in 183S ; died 22nd Nov.,
1856 (;) ; buried at Alnwick ;
will dated 24th Nov., 1849 ;
proved 5th Feb , 1857 {m).
Jane, daughter of ...
Forster of Alnwick,
draper ; died 3rd
Oct., 1848, aged 56;
buried at Alnwick
0).
William John Wilkinson = Elizabeth, daughter of Henry
Rochester of North Charlton ;
died 2Sth June, 1869, aged 47 ;
buried at Ellingham, s.p.
of Alnwick, afterwards
of London.
I I I
Mary ; married 1877, ... Mackay of Liverpool,
and died there in 18S8.
Jane ; married James Richardson ; in 1849
of Rothbury Little Mill. •A'
Isabella ; died 26th June, 1845, aged 29 (i).
(a) Warkworth Register.
(/j) Lotv Buston Deeds.
(c) Surtees, Durham^ i. p. 237.
(rf) Newcastle Journal^ Jan., 182
(«) Ihid. 26th Jan., 1779.
(/") Mr. Clutterbuck's Cmnfnonplace Book,
(li) M.L, Warkworth.
(;) .M.I., Alnwick.
(/■) .Alnwick Court Rolls quoted, Tate,
Alnwick., i. p. 351.
(/) Lovglwuf^hlon Register,
(m) Durhatn Probate Registry.
(«) E.xchegiier 'Depositions, 13 Jas. I.
Mich. Term, No. 4.
Evidences to Wilkinson Pedigree.
1587, 24th January. Will of Thomas Wilkeson of Nether Buston. To be buried in the parish church of Wark-
worth. To my wife Agnes, one third part of all my goods ; to my second son Robert W^ilkeson, the interest and
tenant right of my farmhold ; to my eldest son William Wilkinson, one cow and a bowle of malt, my third son
George, my fourth son Thomas; to my daughter Dorothy Wilkeson, five sheepe. Proved at Durham 1588.
Inventory, jf 18 3s. 8d. Durham Probate Registiy.
Vol. V. 28
2l8 WARKWORTH PARISH.
The Threap Moor, which was enjoyed in inter-common by the tenants
of Bilton, Wooden and High Buston, remained undivided until 1815,
when, by an Act of Parliament (obtained in 1807) it was apportioned to
the freeholders in those townships, and to the duke of Northumberland as
lord of the manor.'
The whole of the to-wnship is now the property of the duke of Northum-
berland.
The hamlet of High Buston comprises some twelve or thirteen houses
and cottages arranged in two irregular lines, one on either side of the village
street. At the east end of the hamlet, sheltered by a clump of elm and ash
trees, is the former residence of the Buston family, a structure of last century.
Near to it is a house, once the village ale house, which, under the sign
of the ' Plough,' was kept by Robert Common, an ingenious millwright and
cartwright.^ The stories told by Mackenzie in his History of Northum-
berland, and repeated from time to time by other writers, of the longevity
and superhuman strength of members of the Common family are altogether
mythical.^
There is one small outlying homestead, named High Buston Lane-end,
and near the sea shore, close to the mouth of the Aln, is a large building,
erected for a granary in the palmy days of Alnmouth's prosperity as a
shipping port, by Joseph Forster of High Buston and Newton.^
' The award is dated 28lh Auijust, 1815, and gives to the duke of Northumberland in respect of his
manorial and freehold ri<fhts in Bilton, 65 acres, and in High Buston, 17 acres ; to Edward Henderson of
Newton-by-the-sea for bis lands in Bilton Banks, 5 acres ; to Elizabeth Gallon for her lands in Wooden,
5 acres ; to Thomas Buston for his lands in Wooden, 9 acres, and for his lands in High Buston,
4 acres; to Gordon Joseph Forster for his land in High Buston, 11 acres; and to Thomas Nesbit in
respect of his freehold cottage in Bilton were given ! rood and S perches. The area of the common was
120 acres 3 roods 28 perches.
■ We hear from Shilbottle that Thomas Common, jun., of that place has invented a machine for
threshing corn, which by one man turning and another to feed in the she.aves, strikes fifteen blows, com-
paratively, for a man's one, and is worked with the utmost facility. What is most remarkable, it separates
the grain from the straw, cleans and makes it fit for the sack all at the same time. Nfurnstlc Coiirniit,
15th April, 1769. John Common of Denwick, son of Robert Common of High Buslon. in 181S received a
silver medal and ten guineas from the Society of Arts, and thirty guineas from the Highland Society, for
the invention of the double drill turnip sower. He was also the inventor of a reaping machine, which was
exhibited in Alnwick market in 1822. Cf. Tale, Alnwick, ii. p. 409.
^ These tales were concocted by old Robert Common for the entertainment of his customers at the ale
house.
' At the granary, Samuel Forster, son of the above-named Joseph Forster, resided and carried on his
trade as a corn merchant. George Forster, another brother, farmed his eldest brother's lands at High
Buston.
Newton-house, 4th July, 1796. To be let and entered at Whitsuntide, 1797, a farm of 256 acres in
High Buston in the possession of Messrs. George and Samuel Forster, with right of common, etc. Also
an excellent granary, which will contain 2,000 bolls of oats, commodiously placed for carrying on an
extensive trade in any branch of business. Apply to Mr. Edward Tindal of Chathill or Dr. Forster of
Newton. Newcastle Coiirant, July, 1796.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON.
219
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON.
The township of Low or Nether Buston, which lies immediately to the
south of High Buston, is divided from the parish of Shilbottle by the Tylee
burn on the west, and is bounded on the south by the townships of Sturton
Grange, Brotherwick, Warkworth, and Birling, and on the east by Birling
and the sea. It comprises 896 acres, mostly of fertile barley and turnip soil,
with ancient pasture fields, rich in depth and quality of soil surrounding tire
hamlet of Low Buston and the homestead of Shortridge. In 1891 the
township had a population of 96.^ The ancient manor house stood in
the hamlet of Low Buston (at the extreme south-west corner of the town-
ship) on a ridge overhanging a pebbly-bottomed stream, generally known as
the Buston or Houn-
den burn, but of
which the real name
is the Tylee burn.
The site of the vil-
lage,^ with its gardens
sloping to the south,
can be very easily
traced in the park-
like field to the east
of the house ; and in four
of the a:rass fields may be
seen broad and curved ridges,
which recall the time when these
lands were in tillage and ploughed by
o.xen. No part of the present house' is
older than the seventeenth century, but
it has spacious gardens with lofty plantations of horse-chestnut, oak, elm, and
other forest trees.
' The Census Returns are: iSoi, 67; 181 1, 72; 1821,85; 1S31, 103; 1841, 115; 1 851, 109 ; 1861, 129;
1871,123; 1881,95; 1891,96.
- Nor does it need any great stretch of imagination to picture the site of the hedge or pahsade which
surrounded the tun or ton of Low Buston.
'' From its sheltered situation the house used to be styled and was known as Buston Vale. About 1780,
the grounds were remodelled and laid out in their present fashion. The house was reconstructed and
partly rebuilt about the year 1820.
USTON
220 WARKWORTH PARISH.
In a field (on the Low Buston estate) called the south Hilly-law, which,
with two other fields, named respectively the north and west Hilly-law,
occupy a ridge running from north to south, there was found, in the year
1815, by two men employed in removing stones for road mending, an urn of
the 'food-vessel' type. It was placed in a cist 3 feet 6 inches long, 2 feet
2 inches wide, and 2 feet 3 inches deep, formed in the usual way by four
stones placed upright, or on edge, with a stone at the bottom, and covered by
a sixth. The urn, which is thick and heavy, is 5;| inches high, 7 inches wide
at the top, and 2f inches at the bottom ; some of the markings are made by
a sharp-pointed instrument and others by a twisted thong. ^ On the same
estate there was found, during the spring of 1897, a stone axe of indurated
shale, 7I inches in length by 2^ inches wide at the cutting edge, and i^ inches
at the pointed one. It weighs 19^ ounces.-
Unlike High Buston, Low Buston is a member of the barony of Wark-
on-Tweed, and it is only by keeping this leading fact in remembrance that
the early notices of Butliston can be apportioned. Wark was granted by
Henry I. to Walter Espec (died 1153), and was subsequently possessed by
his great nephew, Everard de Ros, the giver of many munificent gifts to the
abbot and convent of Newminster. Robert de Ros, son of Everard, married
Isabella, a daughter of William the Lion, king of Scotland, and by her was
father of two sons, William and Robert. About the year 1240 Butlisdon,
with other members of the barony of Wark, was held by Robert de Ros of
his brother William, who held of the king in chief ;^ and from Robert,
Ranulph de Butlisdon and William held a moiety of Lower Buston in
socage for los. a year.' In 1293 Robert de Ros' son, also named Robert,
claimed infangenthef in his vills,'* and not long after he was summoned to
show by what warrant he held Wark, Butlesden, and other manors. He fell
into rebellion, and his son William, about 1317 (11 Edward II.), bv an
exchange, gave the manor of Wark for Crown lands in the south of England,"
and Wark was granted (7 Edward HI.) to vSir William Montagu, constable
of the Tower of London, who, as William Montagu, earl of Salisbury, held
' This urn is now in the museum at Alnwick castle, case C, No. S. C/. catalogue, plate 9.
■ Proc. Soc. Antic]. Newc. viii. p. 122.
' Testa de Nevill ; Hodgson, NortkunihcvUinti, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 21 1. ' Ibid. p. 220.
^ Placita de Quo Warrantv Rolls, 18 Ed. I.; Hodgson, Northumhei-Uind, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 134.
' Cf. Harlihornc, Antiquities of Northnntherhtnd, pp. 33-36.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON. 221
the same in 1345.' In 1363 Richai^d de Botilstoun was found to have died
seised of lands in Botilstone, Brotherwick, and Over Botilstone.^
In early times, before Everard de Ros gave the manor of Sturton to the
abbot and convent of NewminsLer, the owners of Buston, with their men, had
been obliged to grind their own corn at the mill of Sturton ; they paid no
multure for corn grown on their demesne, but their men had to give one boll
in thirteen. Their descendant, Hugh, son of Gregory de Bittliston, was
wrongly advised that he could not be compelled to grind at Sturton, but
ultimately allowed this dispute with the monks to be settled by counsel of
wise men and his friends on the old terms, with the condition that he and his
heirs should have the right of grinding immediately after the corn that they
should find in the hopper.!*
This same Hugh gave to Nevvminster an acre of land called ' Bradacre,
next the green letch and alongside the South-crukes, within the field of
Buston, belonging to Robert de Ros.' He conveyed ten acres of ploughed
land in Nether Butlesdon to William, son of William de Butlesdon, and his
heirs,' to be held by homage and service, at an annual rent of 6d. ; and this
charge he afterwards made over to the prior and canons of Brinkburn.^ He
was, besides, a benefactor of Alnwick abbey." His son Henry, for the benefit
of his own soul and that of his wife, granted two acres to Newminster, one of
which, ' the high-rigged acre,' ran towards the field of Birling township, and
' Inq. p. III. iS Edw. III. No. 51 ; Hodgson, Nurthuiitbci-laml, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 73.
'■' Inq. p.m. 36 Edw. III. No. 23; ibid. p. 80.
' 'Omnibus has literas, etc. Hugo fil. Gregorii de Bittliston sakitem. Noverit universiias vestra quod
ex antiquo tempore antequam Everardus de Ros dcdit monachis de Novo Mon. .Strattonam cum omn.
pert. s. in pur. et. perp. el. antecessores mei et homines eonmi secuti sunt et sequi debuerunt molendinum
de Stratton. Ita quod domini de praedicta villa de Bittliston quieti fuerint a mullura de solo suo
dominico, et omnes homines eorum molebant ad terciumdecimum, et ita observatum est usque ad tempus
meum. In tempore meo mota est querela inter me et praed. monachos, quia falso michi datum est
intellegi a quibusdam, quod praed. molindenum sequi non possem distringi. Sed per concilium virorum
sapientum (t amicor. meorum, omnis querela inter me et praed. monachos hoc fine quievit. Quod ego
et her. mei molemus bladum nostrum ad praed. molendinum de Stratton proximo post bladum quod
invenerimus in tameto, et erimus quieti de multura de solo nostro dominico, et omnes homines nostri de
praed. villa de Bittliston molent sicut molere solebant ad terciumdecimum vas, ad idem molendinum,' etc.
Neifininstcy Chartulayy, Fowler, p. 2og. .Surt. .Soc. No. 66.
' ' Sciant, etc., quod ego Hugo fil. Gregorii de Butliston dedi, etc., unam acram terrae in campo de
Butliston Roberti de Ros, scil. illam acram quae vocatur Bradacre juxta le Greneletch, quae se extendit
super le South-crukes.' Ihui. p. 207.
^ ' Omnibus, etc. Hugo filius Giegorii de Butlesdon salutem in Domino. Noverit universitas vestra
quod ego dedi, etc. . . . pro salute animae meae et antecessorum meorum, annuum redditum vjd.
in puraui et perpetuam elemosinam inperpetuum, videlicet, redditum illorum vjd. quos mibi et heredibus
meis vel meis assignatis Willehnus filius Willeluii de Butleston et lieredes sui vel ejus assignati annuatim
inperpetuum reddere tenentur, scilicet, pro x acris terrae arabilis jacentibus in territorio de Nether
Butleston, cjuas sibi et heredibus suis vol ejus assignatis pro homagio et scrvitio suo dudum contuli, etc.,
etc. Hiis testibus, Hugone de Haysand, Ricardo de Hawkehill, Johanne de Newton, et aliis.' Brinkhurn
Chartulary, Page, p. 140. Surt. Soc. No. go. " NcKininstcr Chartuhiv\\ p. 208.
222 WARKWORTH PARISH.
the Other acre, to the south of the Salters' letch, stretched eastward towards
the moor.' WilHam, son of Henry, besides confirming- the grants made
by Hugh, his grandfather, and Henry, his father, and the agreement as to
multure (even the demesne was to pav multure if it were let), gave the
Cistercians of Newminster a certain acre of arable land called Fletys, which
lay between the lands of William the smith and the land called Tyot. By
another charter he gave two acres lying between the lands of Ralph, son of
Edmund (of Buston), and those of Hugh of Brotherwick, situated on the
north side of the Aller burn and on either side of the highway leading
north. ^ The following table will illustrate the descent :
Gregory of Buston =
I
Hugh, son of Gregory of Buston, whose ancestors of old time = ,
had been used to grind their corn free at the mill of Sturton.
Henry, son of Hugh of Buston =
I
Vt illiam,* son of Hugh of Buston.
' Query, the William of Buston who held lands in socage in 1240.
There was another and contemporary family of landowners of the same
name. In the court of Robert de Ros held at Wark, Edmund, son of
Edmund de Botilston, by the advice of his friends and his men, came to
terms with the abbot and monks of Newminster by agreeing to compound
for the multure to the mill of Sturton from the demesne of his house for
the not inconsiderable sum of i8s. a year, to be paid half vearlv at Christmas
and Whitsuntide. He also was to have priority at the mill, but all his men
were to grind there and give multure. The charter in which he gave effect
to this adjustment was solemnly placed by him upon the altar of Newminster,
' ' Sciant omne=, etc., quod et(o Henricus fil. Hugonis de Butliston dedi, etc., duas acras
terrae cum pert. s. in campo de Bullislon, scil. unam acrain quae vocatur Heyrigidacre, quae se extendit
versus campos de Byrlyngs, et unam acram ex australi parte de Salterisleche, quae se extendit in oriente
versus moiani.' Nfu'iniiister Chartulury, p. 20S.
- 'Omnibus, etc. Will. fil. Henrici de Bittliston salutem. Sciatis, etc. . . . unam acram terrae m
campo de Bittliston cum pert, in cullura quae vocatur Fletys, quae jacet inter terram Willelmi fabri, et
terram Tyot. . . . Praeterea concessi, et p. c. conf. eisdem monachis totam terram quam habent ex
dono Hugonis avi mei, et Henrici patris mei, sicut cartae eorum quas inde habent testantur. Concedo
eciam pro me et her. meis convencionem factam inter eosdem monachos et praed. Hugonem de multura
terrae meae et honiinum mcorum ratam et st.abilem imperpetuum permanere, scil. quod ego et her. m.
(|uieti crimus de multura de dominico nostro et de mensa nostra, et homines nostri dabunt multuram, et
eciam dominica terra nostra dabit multuram si posita fuerit ad tirmam, sicut in scripto cjusdcni Hugonis
avi mei continetur.' etc. Ibid. p. 210.
^'Omnibus, etc. Willelmus fil. Henrici de Butilistona salutem. Sciatis . . . . duas acras
terrae cum pert, in territorio de Butliston, scil. ex aquilonali parte de .'\llerburn ex utraque parte magnae
viae quae vadit versus aquilonem, quae duae acrae jacent inter terram Ranulphi fil. Edmundi et terram
Hugonis de Brothirwyk.' Ibid. p. 207.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON. 223
and at the same time he took the hand of John the prior and declared that
he would abide by it loyally and without guile/ William, son of William
de Vuerebittliston, at the same time and place entered into a similar agree-
ment, doubtless for lands held in Low Buston,^ and both agreements were
confirmed by their lord, Robert de Ros.'
This same Edmund, for the safety of himself and his wife, and for the
souls of his father and mother of his own and his wife's ancestors, and for his
heirs, gave to Newminster an acre of land called Salt-rig, which lay in
proximity to certain lands given by Hugh, son of Gregory of Buston, to the
canons of Alnwick.* The lands of his son, Ralph, situated in the neighbour-
hood of the Aller burn have been alreadv mentioned.
Edmund of Buston = .
Edmund, son of Edmund of Buston, apparently contemporary =
with Hugh, son of Gregory of Buston.
Ralph, son of Edmund of Buston, was contemporary with William, son of Henry of Buston
(probably Ralph of Buston, who held lands in socage in 1240).
An acre at the north end of the Broad-meadow, stretching from west to
east, near a place called Alger-furlang, was granted to Newminster by
Robert, the son-in-law of Hulward of Buston;' and Margery, daughter of
Robert of Buston (evidently an heiress), with the assent of her husband and
her friends, gave of her lands in the vill of South Buston an acre lying north-
ward from the fence of the road leading out of the town to the west." Her
husband's name was William, who may or may not have been the son of Hugh
spoken of above.
' ' Omnibus, etc. Edmundus fil. Edmundi de Botiliston salutem. Sciatis me consilio amicorum et
honiinum meonmi laleni fincm fecisse in curia domini mei Roberti de Ros apud Wcrcam cum abbate
et mnnachis de Novo I\Ion. dc |)lacito c|Uod fuit inter me et illos super multura de dnminico domus meae
pertinente ad molendinum suum de Stretton ; scilicet quod ego et her. mci dabimus praed. monachis
annuatim xviij^, ix ad Nativitatem Domini et ix ad Pentecosten. Et ej^'o et her. m. quieti erimus de
omnibus ad praed. molendinum pertinentibus. Et nos molemus priores post ilium qui bladuni habuit
in tameto. Et omnes nostri pracdictum molendinum, scquencia et muliuram suam ibi dabunt. Haec
omnia praed. tenenda et fidclitcr observenria cum legalitate erga eos sine malo iuKcnio in manu Johannis
prioris ejusdem domus afifidavi quando banc cartam super sanctum altare obtuli,' etc. Newminster
Chartu'.ary, p. 208. "^ Ibid. p. 209. ^ Ibid. p. 210.
■" ' Sciant omnes, etc., quod ego Edmundus fil. Edmundi de Butliston dedi .... unam acram
terrae cum pert, suis in campo de Butliston, scil. illam acram quae vocatur .Saltrig, quae proxima est in
occidente terrae illi quam Hugo fil. Gregorii dedit canonicis de Alnewyk.' Ibid. p. 208.
^ ' Oinnibus, etc. Robertus gener Hulwardi de Butliston salutem. Sciatis, etc unam
acram terrae meae in campo de Butliston, scil. illam acram ex aquilonali parte del Bradmedowe quae se
extendit ab occidente versus orientem juxta Algerfurlang.' Ibid. p. 207.
^ 'Sciant omnes, etc. quod ego Marioria filia Roberti de Butlistona dedi et concessi, et h. p. c. m.
confirmavi Deo et B.M. et monachis de Novo Mon., consilio et voluntate Willelmi mariti mei, et
amicorum meorum, etc., unam acram terrae meae in villa de Suthbutliston juxta fossatum in exitu
ejusdem villae in occidentali parte extendenteni versus aquilonem.' Ibid. p. 206.
224
WARKWORTH PARISH.
s.
d.
s.
d.
14
0
unde regi
4
II
12
3
I
•4
16
4
I
6
iS
6
3
6
14
0
I
3i
6
6
2
5
17
10
I
7h
0
0
I
10
15
I
I
44
19
'>
3
6i
1 1
9
2
loj
The vill of Low Buston was assessed at £14 5s. 5d. for the subsidy of
1296, its quota being paid by eleven tenants.
BoTLESDON Inferior Subsidy Roll, 1296.
Summa bonorum Makky de Botlisdon ... ... ... ... 2
„ Arnaldi de Quithill ' o
„ Gerardi ... ... ... ... o
„ Gilbert! de Botlesdon ... ... ... ... i
„ Willelmi Carter ... ... ... ... ... o
„ Simonis Bew ... ... ... ... ... i
„ Robert! filii Aldini o
„ Hugonis de Mora ... ... ... ... i
„ Willelmi filii Hugonis ■.. ... ... ... o
„ Adae dil Gren ... ... ... ... ... i
„ Willelmi Campion ... ... ... ... i
Summa hujus villae, ^14 5s. 5d. Unde domino regi, 26s. o|d.
Several suits relating to Low Buston are entered upon the Patent Rolls
in the end of the reign of Edward L and the early part of that of Edward IL
Margaret, widow of Robert de Ros of Wark, entered a claim against William
de Ros of Hamlake for tenements in Wark, Botilston, etc.," probably for her
dower; Malcolm de Botliston claimed certain tenements in Nether Botlyston
from William of Botlyston;' and Alan, son of Gerard of Botilston, claimed
two messuages, si.xty acres of land, and two acres and a half acre of meadow
in Nether Botliston from William of Over Botliston.^
BoTLESTON Inferior Subsidy Roll, 1336.
Johannes filius Ricardi, 2s. ; Johannes Ostelman, 2s. Sd. ; Rogerus Campion, 2s. ; Walterus clericus, is.
Summa, 7s. Sd.
The township is represented as having prov^ided the relatively large
number of thirty-one able men at the muster taken in 1538.
Nether Houston Muster Roll, 1538.'
George Waube, able with horse and harnes ; Thomas Stynson, John Murter," Rauffe Myllner, Willme
Bouston, John Bouston, Robt. Mayk, Thomas .Starling, John Dawson, Thomas Dawson, John Dawson,
Thomas Bouston, James Wrig^ht, .Abyll Dawson, Thorn. Beyre, Willme Johnson, Thomas Dawson, Robt.
Dawson, Willme Davye, John Davye, Thomas Dawson, Robt. Dawson, George Broune, John Lawrance,
John Lyonc, James Wyllson, John Dawson, Robt. Dawson, Willme Wylkinson, Thomas Wylkinson, able
men wanting horse and harnes.
' Pel haps Whittle in the adjoining parish of Shilbottle.
■Rot. Pat. 33 Edw. I. p. I ; Diikc of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 397.
' Rot. Pat. 33 Ed. I. p. 2.; ibiti. p. 418. ' Ibid. 2 Ed. II. p. 2.; ibid. p. 34.
* Arch. A el. 4to series, iv. p. 163.
"Alien Subsidy Roll, 32 Hen. VIII. (1540/41) Nether Buston. De Johanne Morter, pro bonis, iiij''. ;
de Johanne Whyte, pro bonis, iiij''.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON. 225
With the other manors depending upon the barony of Wark, Low Buston
passed to the Greys of Heton about 1400/ under whom and under whose
descendants the free tenants continued to hold their lands ; there seems to
have been no demesne. Between the years 1560 and 1570 Robert Watson
held lands in Buston ' as the eighth part of one knight's fee, and the two
hundredth part of the same, which is 13s. id.,' and paid castle ward to the
castle of Wark, and William Beadnell held other lands on the same terms. '^
Sir Thomas Grey, who died on the 9th of April, 1590, was found to haye
died' seised inter alia of certain lands and tenements in Nether Buston in
the fee of William Bednell, gent., and his feoffees ; and of certain other
lands in the fee of Thomas Wilkinson* and his assigns, held of the said Sir
Thomas by knight's service, of ancient feoffment of the barony of Wark.
Apparently the whole township was then in the hands of Beadnell and
Wilkinson, but before the year 1624 the Beadnells had sold all their lands in
this township in parcels to Francis Forster, Edward Bell, and Henry Johnson.
William Beadnell held lands in Low Buston, =
circa 1560 (rt),and levied a fine, 28 Eliz. (1585) (/'). I
Luke Beadnell of Alnwick, son and heir, held lands in = Mary , living a
Low Buston, 43 Eliz., when he and his wife levied a
fine. Party to deed, 28th September, 1604 ; dead
before 7th July, 1614 (h).
widow, 13th October,
1617.
William Beadnell, son and heir, was party to deeds, dated 13th October, 1617, and 29th November, 1623 {h).
(a) Wark Court Rolls. {h) Lambert MS.
Evidences to Beadnell Pedigree.
43 Elizabeth, Luke Beadnell and iVIary, his wife, levy a fine to Henry Johnston of a messuage and lands in
Nether Buston. Lambert MS.
1601, 18th April. Indenture whereby Luke Bednell of Alnwick and Mary, his wife, sell to Henry Johnston of
Nether Button, yeoman, a farmhold in Nether Buston, now in the tenure of Henry Johnson, formerly in the occupation
of William Johnson, and before that of John James. From the original deed in the possession of Mr. Geo. Skelly
(1899). Lambert MS. and Rev. John Hodgson's Col.ection.
1604, 28th September. Luke Bednell for /50 mortgaged to Edward Bell of Gallalea (? Callaly), yeoman, a
messuage in Nether Buston, of the yearly value of 17s. 4d., in the tenure of William Walbye, and also another
messuage of the yearly value of [. . .] in the occupation of the said Edward Bell. Lambert MS.
1607, 26th January. Will of Anthony Medforthe of Nether Bouston, in the parish of Warkworth, gent. I lent
unto my brother-in-law, Luke Bednell of Alnwick, gent., /60 at /lo perannum. My wife, Annas Medforthe, and my
children. My eldest son, Anthony Medforthe, executor. Witness, Gabriell Ogle. Proved 1609. Raine, Test. Dunelm.
1614, 20th July. Indenture between Mary Beadnell of Alnwick, widow of Luke Beadnell, and William Beadnell
also of Alnwick, son and heir of the said Luke Beadnell, of the first part, and Henry Johnson, junior, of Morwick, of
the second part, being a conveyance and confirmation of two farmholds then in the occupation of Henry Johnson the
elder, of Morwick, yeoman. From the original deed in the possession of Mr. Geo. Skelly (1899).
' Hartshorne, Aiitiiiuilies of Novthnmhcrland, p. 36. '- Wark Court Rolls: ex inf. Mr. R. G. Bolam.
3 Inj. p.m. Sir Thomas C.rcy, knight, taken at Old Bewick, T4th October, 33 Eliz. Lambert MS. Sir
Thomas Grey's will, which enumerates many of his estates, is printed in Durham Wills and Inventories,
Greenwell, ii. p. 172. Surt. See. No. 38. ' Cj. p. 217.
Vol. V, 29
226 WARKWORTH PARISH.
1617, 13th October. William Bednell, gent., and Mary Bedn ell, widow, his mother, convey to Edward Bell,
absolutely, the lands conveyed to him in mortgage by the deed dated 28th September, 1604. Lambert MS.
1623, 29th November. Mary Bednell, widow of Luke Bednell, deceased, and William Bednell, son and heir of
the said Luke, convey to Francis Forster of Nether Buston, gent, son of Florence Forster, late of Nether Buston,
and to Joseph Forster, younger brother of the said Francis Forster, the capital messuage in Nether Buston,
called the Stone-house, with the messuages, etc., thereto belonging, containing full four farms then late in the
pofsession of John Buston and others, and likewise two other messuages in Nether Buston, then or late in the pos-
session of Jane Forster, mother of the said Francis and Joseph Forster. Hid.
1641, 15th January. Deed of partition of lands in Nether Buston between Francis Forster, Henry Johnson,
Edward Bell, and William Wilkinson. I/iid.
It has not been satisfactorily ascertained from which branch of the
Forsters Florence Forster,' the founder of the Low Buston family, sprang ;
but through his marriage with Jane, daughter of Cuthbert Forster of
Brunton, his children were descended from the house of Adderston.^ The
follownng pedigree and evidences render further detail unnecessary.
In addition to the lands described as si.x ' farms ' purchased from Bead-
nell, the Forsters during the seventeenth century had acquired other lands,
from wdiom it is not known, which were computed to be one 'farm,' but in a
settlement made upon the marriage of Francis Forster with Catherine Dalston
in 1702 there was excluded from the trust thereby created a dwelling house
in Low Buston, ' late in the possession of James Beach, with a parcel of
ground called Maddy-rigg^ and a parcel called Mill-house rigg.' A mort-
gage deed of the same period describes the premises conveyed as the 'capital
messuage in Low Buston commonly called the Stane-house, the farmholds
containing by estimation seven farms, Hounden-mill, the cottage called
Atkinson's house, Byar's-close, the two Yard-side riggs adjoining the north
side of the park at Warkworth, the ten riggs lying east of Hounden crag,
with rake, pasture, and common of pasture for twentv sheep and one nag
within Nether Buston common'; a settlement made in 1727 describes the
closes called Orchard-hill, the Bought-riggs from Hilly-law gate to Hounden
upper dams above Kideford.
' A family pedigree asserts him to be the yoimgest son of Thomas Forster of Adderston, who died
circa 1589 ; but the will of the latter, printed by the Surtees Society, mentions no such son. 1590, loth
February : Florence Forster and Margaret Selby married. Bencick Register. 1621/2, 25th February :
Florence Forster buried. Ibiii. In 1607 Florence Forster, gent., was one of the jury at the court of the
manor of Stamford, when he did service for lands, apparently, at Newton-by-the-sea : he complained
against Janet Younghusband for slanderous words and for calling him ' sheep theife.' Stamford Court
Rolls. - Cf. vol. ii. of this work, pp. 109, 112.
' The name of Maddy-rigg recalls the fact that madder w-as at one time extensixely grow n for dyeing.
Madder was at one tune extensively grown at Abcrlady, etc., for the use of the Haddington dyers.
Martin, Reininisceiiccs of the Royal Borough of Hiutctiiigton, Edinburgh, 1883, p. 62. ' Some tell us of two or
three hundred pounds made of an acre of land planted with madder, in three years' time.' ISradlcy,
Dictionary of Ilusbaiulry, u. sub. 'Madder.' London, 1726.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON.
227
FORSTER OF LOW BUSTON.
Arms :
Argent, a chevron vert between three hunting horns sable. CreST
elbowed or, grasping the truncheon of a shivered spear argent.
An arm emhowed, hand and armour proper.
Monument, Warkworth church.
Florence Forster, tenant of Beadnel's lands in = Jane ... (c), daughter of Cuthbert Forster of Brunton ; was
Low Huston ; dead before 29th Nov., 1623 (c). living at Low IBuston a widow, 2gth Nov., 1623.
*Francis Forster of Low Huston, where he = Sarah, daughter of
purchased lands in 1623 ; buried
Warkworth church, 4th Feb., 1677/S
(<5) ; will dated 26th Mar., 1677 (*■).
Bell ; buried 24th
Feb., 1682/3 (/,).
.Joseph Forster; in 1623 party to = Jane, daughter
the purchase of Low Huston of Ralph
(<r), afterwards of Shilbottle Watson (c).
Wood-house.f
Francis Forster of Low Huston ;
was aged 55, 9 William III.,
Exchequer Depositions ; buried
15th March, 1 720/1 (Jj) ; will
dated loth Feb., 1 720/1 ;
proved 1721 («).
= Grace, daughter of ... Forster
of Newham ; bond of mar-
riage, 6th October, 1 666 ;
buried 22nd July, 16S4 (Ji).
Ml
Robert ; died in father's lifetime.
George Forster of Low Buston ; in 1677 sole executor
to his father's will.
Thomas ; buried at St. Nicholas', Newcastle, 20th
Aug., i66g.
Joseph Forster of Low Hus-
ton ; of Universitv col-
lege, Oxon. ; matricula-
tion 3rd Dec, 1690, aged
17 ; buried 28th July,
1728 ib).
Catherine, daughter of Chris-
topher Dalston of Acorn
Hank, Westmorland ; bond
of marriage, 16th August,
1700 ; post-nuptial settle-
ment, ... , 1701/2.
II Ml
Nicholas Kalherine ; married i6th June, 1696,
Forster of Robert Forster of Hartlaw (3). 4/
Ponteland Jane ; buried in Warkworth church in
and Mor- woollen, 3rd April, 1679 (A),
wick, ■i' Grace; married 15th June, 1712, Andrew
Francis. Ker((i)of Sandyknowein 'Teviotdale.sl,
I
Francis torster of Low
Buston, baptised 3rd
April, 1703 (/() ; was
residing in Morpeth
in 1738 (a) ; buried
gth Aug., 1778 (/;) ;
will dated 31st July,
177S ; proved at York
the same year ((/).
Frances, daughter of
Charles Hathurst of
Skutterskelf, sometime
M.P. for Richmond ;
married at St. Edmund's
chapel, Gateshead, 17th
Aug., 1731 ; died at
Newcastle ; buried 29th
Nov., 1753 (''').
I I I
Christopher, bap. 22nd Aug.,
1706 (^) ; buried 23rd .\ug.,
1707 (.';).
Henry ; buried 27lh Nov.,
1720 (/I).
Joseph, baptised 6th Ajiril, 1710
(J>) ; living 1727, and in 1762
said to have settled in Dur-
ham and to have left issue.
I I ' I. . ,
Grace, baptised i5th Aug.,
1705 ((i) ; mar. William
Cresswell of Cresswell.
Catherine, baptised 23rd
Aug., 1707 (i).
Bridget, baptised 12th
Aug., 1704 {b); buried
28th Aug., 1707 (Ji).
Bridget, baptised 25th Jan.,
1708/9 (Ji); buried loth
Jan., 1710/1 (a).
Charles Francis Forster of Low Buston, baptised 7ih
Sept., 1732 (b') ; of Corpus Christi college, Oxon. ;
matriculated 26th June, 1752 ; B.C.L. 1761 ; dur-
ing his father's lifetime resided at Felton and at
Campvill, near Holystone ; died unmarried 25th
March, 1S07, and is buried in Warkworth church ;
will dated ... , 1801.
I
Joseph Forster of Warkworth,
lieutenant R.N. ; disinher-
ited by his father, but ob-
tained through liis mother
lands in Arkendalein \'ork-
shire ; died 21st March,
1 8 14, aged 77 (/<).
Isabella, daughter of ... Har-
greave of Aledyke, native
of the parish of Lesbury ;
married in Scotland, Dec,
17S0 (//), and again at
Warkworth, 3rd Feb.,
1 78 1 (,}).
I I
Charles Turner Forster, born at Wark-
worth, 26th Jan., baptised 7th June,
17S2 (J/); died at Amble; buried
^ 24th Sept., 1785 (^).
Francis Bathurst Forster, born at Amble ;
baptised 14th Jan., 1793 (/)) ; buried
4th Sept., 1794 (^).
Charles Francis Forster = Jane Whit-
of Stockton and Ar- field of
kendale, bcrn 4th Stockton.
April, 1798 ; bap. 1st
Jan., 1800 (Ji) ; mar-
ried at Stockton, 21st
July, 1825 ; died ...
Jan., 1829.
Frances, born 5th May, 1796 ;
baptised 1st Jan., 1800 {b) ;
married at Stockton, 7th June,
1821, Robert Thompson of
Stockton ; died 1st. Jan., 1S57.
I
From whom Thompson
of Campville.
I
William Forster, commander R.N. ;
afterwards of Deal, where he died
in 1779 ; will dated 8th Sept.,
1778 ; proved at York, 24th Feb.,
1 801 («).
Mary, daughter of ...
Edwards, admiral
R.N. , of Deal. She
remarried Captain
Hugh Baikie.
Frances, baptised 25th Feb., 1734/5 (''') < died unmarried ;
buried I2th Sept., 1757 (J)).
Catherine; married at Stockton, ... Dec, 1767, George
Hutchinson of Stockton (2) ; articles before marriage,
30th Nov., 1767. ^
* There is some uncertainty whether there was not a succession of three Francis Forsters (rather than two of
that name) between Florence Forster and Joseph Forster. f 0^ v°l- "• of this work, pp. 109, 112.
228
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Anne, daughter of = Francis Forster of Trinity hall, Catn-
Forster of
Long Acre, Lon-
don ; married
at St. George's,
Bloomsbury, 5th
June, 17S9.
bridge, born at Margate ; succeeded
to Low Buston on the death of his
uncle, Charles Francis Forster ;
died 24lh Feb., 1835, aged 65 ;
buried at Margate (^).
Anne, only surviving child of the marriage ;
married Rev. ... Peacock (or Pocock),
and died young. -
Margaret, daugh-
ter of Robert
Salter of Mar-
gate; died 30th
April, 1854,
aged S3 (^).
Philippa Irnham ; married Sir John
Bui ton of Wakefield. sj,
Fr.ances Maria, twin with I'hilippa ;
married ... Forster of New Bond
Street, chemist. ^
Francis Forster, son = Susanne, dau. of
and heir, sometime
of Low Buston,
afterwards of Chil-
iingham Barns and
South Charlton ;
born 25th July,
1794 ; died at
Acton, 15th May,
1844 ; buried at El-
lingham.
John Clutterbuck
of Wark worth ;
mar. 25th Oct.,
i8i4(/5) ; died 7th
Feb., 1S70 ; buried
at Warkworth.
I
Charles Francis Forster
of London ; married
three times. 4/ Mar-
ried at Margate,
29th Oct., 1817,
Hannah Gordon of
Margate.
John Forster, a = Grace
clerk in the Gale
bank of Carr, of
Glynn, & Co., Lon-
London. don.
Robert
Forster
of
Dover.
Eliza-
beth
Pres-
cott.
I I
irgar
Philippa ; married George Blake of London.
-Ml
Frances ;
Thomas \
Sarah f
died unmarried.
died in childhood.
I I I
Francis John Forster, born at Low Buston, irth Aug.,
baptised 5th Oct., 181 5 (/<) ; emigrated, and died
in North America.
George Forster, baptised 2gth Sept., 1819 (/) ; died in
Dublin, aged 18 ; buried in Mount Jerome cemeter}'.
Charles Francis Forster, baptised 5th Nov., 1824 (/") ;
died in childhood.
John Clutterbuck Forster, = Elizabeth Jane W., daughter
born 1st Sept., baptised
22nd Nov., 1S26 (/) ;
emigrated to Australia,
1849; died at Petersham,
near Sydney, New South
Wales, 27th Feb., 1899.
of M. A. Richardson of
Newcastle ; born 12th
April, 1829 ; married at
St. Peter's, Melbourne,
15th Dec, 1850 ; died 5th
Jan., 1879.
I
Margaret, daughter of = Richard Forster, captain
C. Binksof London; in the merchant ser-
mar. at Warkworlh ; vice, born at South
died in Liverpool, Charlton ; died at
...Oct., 1S73 ; bur. Warkworth, 27th May,
in Smithwhite Road '§93, aged 61, s.p.
cemetery.
Mary Elizabeth, daughter
of Edwin Hathaway of
Liverpool ; married at
church of Si. John the
Divine, Liverpool, i6lh
Dec, 1875.
Bathurst Leslie For-
ster, eldest 5on,
born 15th July,
1856, died 6th
Nov., 1869.
Horatio Clutterbuck Francis John,
Forster, born 13th born 2nd
July, 1S61 ; living Sept.,1865;
inVictoria,N.S.W., died 22nd
1899. June, 1S87.
I I I 1
Anne Margaret, bap. 22nd June,
1817 {/)') ; mar. at Lesbury, 1841,
Robert Adams of .Aclon.
Eliza Maria, born at Chillingham
Barns ; bap. 6th Sept., 1822 (/') ;
died in childhood.
Susanne ; died in infancy.
Mary Anne Fanny ; living 1899.
I I M I I
Annie Frances, born 13th Nov., 1851 ; died 7th Feb., 1852.
.Annie, born glh Jan., 1853 ; married
Mary, born l8th Aug., 1S54 ; died 24th July, 1856.
Fanny Clutterbuck, born 2Ist Jan., 1S5S ; died in infancy.
Fanny, born nth Aug., 1859 ; died 13th .April, 1867.
Lillian Maud, born 22nd Sept., 1S63 ; died 2nd Dec, 1888.
(fl) Low Buston Deeds,
(Ji) Warkworth Register.
(c) Lanihert MS.
(li) York Prolate Registry.
(/?) Durham Prohute Registry.
(/^ Chillingham Register.
ig) M.I., Margate parish church.
(Ji) A'ewcastle Journal, 2ird. Dec, 1780.
(/) Newcastle Couraiit, 19th Dec, 1 767.
Evidences to Forstfk Pedigree.
1677, 26th March. Will of Francis Forster, senior, of Nether Buston. My body to be decently buried in the
parish church of Warkworth ; my son, Francis Forster of Nether Buston ; my son, Robert Forster, deceased ; to ray
loving son, George Forster of Nether Buston, all my personal estate whatsoever and all my stock and crop, with all
my leases by which I hold my lands and tenements
Inventory, dated 2nd March, 1677/8, taken by Robert Davison, William Miibourne, and T. Bell : His purse and
apparel, ;^5 ; five oxen, /20 ; six kine and three calves, £(j ; five young beasts, ^"5 13s. 4d. ; sixty-eight ewes, ;^22
13s. 4d. ; thirteen wedders, £^ is.; thirteen dinmonts, £i i8s. ; twenty hogges, £^; oats in the barn and stack
garth, £j los. ; bigg in the stack garth, £1 los. ; ry sowen in the ground, 15s. ; two horses, £2 los. ; implements of
husbandry, £z. Total, £%i los. 8d. Durham Registry.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON. 229
1682. At the sessions held at Alnwick Mrs. Sarah P'orster of Low Buston and Jane Johnson of the same place
were presented as reputed dissenters. Tate, Alnwick, ii. p. 160.
1720/1, loth February. Will of Francis Forster of Nether Buston : I confirm the settlement of my real estate
made gth and loth January last. To the daughters of Robert Forster of Hartlaw, deceased, .^100 a piece, to he paid
in five yearly payments of ;^20 each ; to Andrew Forster Ker, son of my daughter Grace Ker, £^0 ; to the children
of William Reighe of Low Buston, yeoman, j^Ts;,' to be paid in seven yearly payments of £^ each ; all my pewter
and brass plate, household goods and furniture, to be divided between my son Nicholas Forster of Ponteland and
my daughter Grace, wife of Andrew Ker ; executors, John Davison of Warkworth Barns, gent. ; Edward Valentine
of Wooden, gent. ; and William Reigh of Low Buston, yeoman. Proved 1721. Durham Probate Registry.
1778, 31st July. Will of Francis Forster of Low Buston, esquire. Mentions the sum of ^^1,340 due on mortgage
on the Buston estate and another /i,ooo due on mortgage to Miss Barbara Clavering. Recites settlement of York-
shire estates made by himself and Frances, his wife (of which settlement William Carr, esq., and Joseph Forster, esq.,
are trustees), under which he had power to charge them with ^5,000 for his younger children. By indenture, dated
2nd April, 1762, he had given to his eldest son Charles Francis Forster and his heirs /i.ooo. By indenture, dated
30th November, 1767, he settled /"l, 1 66 135. 4d. on his only daughter Catherine on her marriage with George
Hutchinson of Stockton, gent. By indenture, dated 27th October, 1769, he settled ^2,333 on his son William
Forster and Mary Edwards, the younger, on their marriage ; 6s. 8d., to be levied for the portion of his son Joseph
Forster. I give to my said son, Joseph Forster, £^0 per annum out of my lands and tithes at Wooden, in the parish
of Lesbury. I give my lands in the parish of Lesbury, etc., to Robert Fenwick of Lemington, esq., and Richard
Clutterbuck of Warkworth, esq., to the use of Roger Buston of Buston, gent., and Thomas Cook of Brainshaugh,
gent., in trust for Wm. Forster, my son, for life ; then to Francis Forster, my grandson, for life ; remainder to the sons
of Wm. Forster; remainder to my grand-daughters, Philippa Irnham Forster and Frances Maria Forster, daughters of
my son William ; remainder to my daughter Catherine Hutchinson, with remainder to grandson Geo. Hutchinson ;
remainder to my grand-daughters Catherine and P" ranees Hutchinson ; remainder to John Forster of Warkworth, now
or late a lieutenant in the navy, and his heirs. Residue to my son William ; he executor.
Codicil, 1st August, 1778. Whereas my son William has contracted for the purchase of the estate of Wooden,
in the parish of Lesbury, of Dr. Gill, and I have remitted /7,ooo to Ireland to complete the purchase, if it be not
completed I devise the ^^7,000 to my son William.
Proved at York, October 5th, 1778, by William Forster, the sole executor. Raine, Test. Ebor.
1778, 8th September. Will of William Forster of Warkworth, esq. To William Charleton and Joseph Forster
of Alnwick, esqrs., my messuage, etc., in Warkworth, to sell ; to my wife, Mary Forster, /"lOO per annum ; to my
son, Francis Forster, the plate which I have purchased or which belonged to my family ; to my wife, her own plate,
china, etc. ; to my daughters, Philippa Irnham Forster and Frances Maria Forster, ^5i°°o ! '0 Lord Dartrey, John
Carter of Deal, esq., and George Leith of Deal, esq., the rest of my estate to sell, etc. My daughters under age.
Codicil, 26th October, 1 77S. My father contracted with John Gill, esq., for the purchase of the estate of Wooden,
in the parish of Lesbury, which is not yet completed, and the ^7,000 was conveyed to bankers in Dublin, who have
since failed; if it is not paid my son, Francis, to have a third of my personal estate.
The will of William Forster, tsq., formerly of Warkworth, but late of Deal, Kent, granted to Francis Forster,
esq., his son, was proved at York 24th December, 1801, Thomas \'iscount Cremorne, John Carter, esq., and George
Leith, esq., the executors renouncing. Jbid.
1780. 'Last week, in Scotland, Joseph Forster of Warkworth, esq., to the most admirable Miss Hartgrove of
Aledike, near Alnwick, a young lady (though not possessed of a very extensive fortune), whose mental qualifications
add a brilliancy to her other engaging charms, in short, the graces who have been prodigal in their favours to the
amiable fair, make her an object so exceeding desirable that cannot fail to render that union happy and compleat.'
Newcastle Journal, 23rd December, 1780.
* At the end of the seventeenth and at the beginning of the eighteejith century there was at Low Buston a
family bearing the unusual name of Righ. In 167S Thomas, son of Thomas Righ of Low Buston, was buried in
woollen at Warkworth ; and loth April, 1706, William Reigh of Low Buston, j'eoman, purchased from John Grey a
burgage on the west side of Alnmouth. Francis Forster of Low Buston, by will dated loth February, 1720, after
giving legacies to his grandchildren, gives a legacy of ^^35 to the children of William Reighe, to be paid by his
executors in seven yearly payments ; he makes the same William Reighe one of the executors of his will, and he was
also a trustee appointed in a deed relating to Hasleiige, another of the Forster estates ; but in the latter he is
described, in August, 1722, as of Over Shields. On the 3rd July, 173S, William Reigh of Low Buston, yeoman,
mortgaged his burgage at Alnmouth to William Peacock of Alnwick to secure £^0, and he voted for the same at the
election of 174S. He was dead before 17.S3, when his widow obtained a grant of letters of administration to his
personal estate ; and finally, on the 8th and gth November, 1759, Richard Reigh of Cold-bath Fields, in the parish of
St. James, Clerkenwell (eldest son and heir of William Reigh, deceased), with Elizabeth, his wife, released the Aln-
mouth burgage to Ralph Maddison of Alnwick on consideration of .^IIO. Abstract of Title to Miss Gallon's estate.
Loro Buston Deeds. Poll Book.
230 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Charles Francis Forster, who succeeded to the estate on the death of
his father in 1778 (having previously resided at Campvill, near Holystone),
was an able but eccentric man, and obtained the sobriquet of General
Forster, it is said, from so announcing himself on hailing the porter for
admittance to Berwick after the gates were closed at night. He took a
prominent part in the contested election of 1774, and his character and
exploits are pilloried in various election ballads and lampoons. His collec-
tion of Roman altars and antiquities from Rochester, in Redesdale, is now at
Alnwick castle. Up to this period the hamlet or ' town ' of Low Buston
retained its ancient site on a tongue of land of which the south side slopes
rapidly to the Tylee and Grange burns, and the east end and north side fall
into a small unnamed rill and letch. So much of the two long rows of houses
and cottages as stood to the east of the mansion house were allowed to go to
decay, or were removed, and the village street was diverted to a new public
road further to the north. Charles Francis Forster seems to have added the
entrance hall (with a good timber staircase) to the house, and also to have
formed the drive and to have planted the fine horse-chestnut and other forest
trees which adorn the gardens and grounds. Dying unmarried, the unentailed
property was given by his will to his two natural children, Augustus Cctsar
and Julia Caesar Forster, and the Low Buston estate passed to his nephew,
Francis Forster of Margate ; the latter seems never to have resided at Low
Buston, but, finding it heavily charged and mortgaged, sold it in 18 18 to
Nicholas Appleby of Eastfield and John Appleby of Alnmouth for ^22,150.
The estate purchased by Nicholas and John Appleby ' comprised 490
acres, and was divided by mutual agreement into two portions of equal
value in such a manner that the former took the homestead of Buston Barns
and 275 acres, and the latter the mansion of Low Buston and 215 acres.
John Appleby died in 1838, and gave this and other farms in Low Buston,
which he had immediately before his death purchased from Wilkinson, to his
wife, a daughter of Richard Hodgson of Cowpen, who survived him until
1879. ^^rs. Appleby, by will, gave her estate to her sister, Miss Catherine
Hodgson of Low Buston for her life, and then to trustees for sale," in the
exercise of which trust Mrs. Appleby's trustees sold the estates purchased
from Forster and Wilkinson in 1892 to Mr. Robert Deuchar for /"i6,500.
' Some notices of the family of .Appleby will be given under Acklington.
- Mr. John .Vppleby died 17th March, 1838, aged 70; Mrs. .Vppleby died 23id .May, 1S79, aged 88;
and Miss Hodgson 12th November, 1891, aged 99. M.I. Warkworth.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW Rl'STON. 23 1
Boston Barns and the lands awarded to Nicholas Appleby as his moiety
of the purchase made in 1818 devolved on his death, in 1828, upon his sister
and heiress-at-law, Miss Margaret Appleby of Eastfield, who, by her will,
dated the 23rd of October, 1828, gave her lands in Low Buston township
to her maternal kinsman, Richard Gradon of Whitburn and Sunderland.^
Gradon was succeeded by his nephew, Nicholas Appleby Spoor, an officer in
the 6th regiment, who, in 1856, sold this estate to Mr. Edward Thew of
Shortridge.
The lands described as three ' farms ' acquired from the Beadnells by
Henry Johnson in 1601 and 16 14 were augmented, in 1 641, by the purchase of
some small parcels ' boundering on Buston burn on the south,' from William
Ord of Sturton Grange, which parcels probably represented the land granted
at an earlier date to the convent of Newminster by Margery of Buston.
Immediately after his first purchase, Johnson built himself a two-storied
house at the west end of the village. It is still standing, and let into its three
feet thick walls is a stone lettered ' h. johnson, 1604.'
The three daughters and co-heiresses of Henrv Johnson, by a deed
bearing date 26th February, 1 690/1, agreed to divide their father's lands,
etc., which was effected in the following manner:
(a) Richard Musgrave, vicar of Longhoughton, and Mary, his wife, ' took the uppermost room of the dwelling
house of the said Henry Johnson, wiih the stable, old kiln, half the barn," and all the garden, with one-half of the
stack garth, the close called the " town end," the close adjoining the old kiln, the little meadow adjoining to St.
Andrew's ford,' and from thence up the burn to the march above the Lee-ford, and so up the middle of the rigg to
the street dike, where the said Richard and Mary should maintain a gate, and that their part of the moor should begin
at the bee garth close, and to run right up to the street to the march stone, thence directly east to the thorn dike.'
(3) Arthur Strother of Bilton Banks, gent,, and Sarah, his wife, ' took the the new house standing beside the
pinfold, and the two bee garths, with the house at the east end of the town and the close at the south side thereof,
with liberty of house-water and washing at the burn, and liberty of watering beasts at Causey pool. That their
proportion of ground should be that commonly called the North field, with the Strumniel-laws adjoining thereunto,
being their part of the moor reaching from the said Strummel-Iaw to the march dike (which whole dike and gate
were to be maintained by them), and to have liberty of the burn for four years only.'
(c) William Musgrave of Benton, 'practiser in physic,' and Margaret, his wife, took ' the under rooms of the
said dwelling house, with kitchen and byre thereto adjoining, and the old house adjoining to the Coat-walls, the
half barn, half the stack garth, with a parcel of ground on the east side thereof for a garden, with house-water and
liberty of washing at the usual place, and liberty of watering at the Cawsey pool. Their proportion of ground to be
' This bequest was charged with an annuity of /30 per annum to Mary, widow of George .'Appleby, an annuity
of ;if 10 payable to Margaret, widow of Thomas Applehy, and to certain pecuniary legacies.
-This barn, still standing, has two doorways opposite one another, to obtain the through draught required
when the threshing was done through the winter raontlis by the barn man and his flail.
*So far as is known there are, or were, five fords over the Buston burn : the first (beginning at the confluence
of the stream with the Coquet) at Hounden, and calleJ the Kideford in the early cliariers, was superseded about
1.S34 by a stone bridge ; the second is still in use for the proprietary road to the Grange mill from the north ; the
third, on the road from Low Buston hamlet to Sturton Grange, was superseded by a "stone bridge built between
1840 and 1S50 ; the fourth, on the road from the hamlet of Low Buston to Shilbottle is still in use ; and the fifth, on
the road from High Buston to Shilbottle was superseded by a stone bridge built between 1880 and 1890. The third
was probably the St. Andrew's ford, and the fourth the Tylee ford named in 1651.
232
WARKWORTH PARISH.
the close called Coat-wall, with the Hind-laws and the West-burn down to the march stone, a little above the Tye-
lee ford, and so up the middle of the rigg to the street dike. Their part of the moor to be from the Pinde-laws
northward to Upper Buston Moor, and so eastward to Strummel-law dike, and southward to the march ; likewise to
maintain one half of all hedges adjoining upon Richard and Mary.'
JOHNSON AND MUSGRAVE OF LOW BUSTON.
Akms : Barry of Jive ; two annulets. Seal attached to will of Richard Musgrave, vicar of Long-houghton.
Henky Johnson of Morwick, the elder, purchased lands in Low Buston in 1601 (c) (/) ; living 1614 {/); was 75 years
of age when he made an affidavit, 23rd Oct., 1615, in a suit concerning Amble in the Court of Exchequer.
I
... Johnson == ...
Henry Johnson of Low Buston [? described as ' the younger '
in 1614 {d)\ ; buried 3rd July, 1684 (a); will dated i6th
June, 1684 (rf) (e).
.... ; of her own right
owned one farm in
Low Buston.
Henry Johnson of Nether Buston, only son of marriage, died soon after
attaining his majority, and by will dated iSth June, 1667 (proved
1668), gave his lands in Low Buston to his half-brother (J).
Jane ... ; named in her hus-
band's will ; buried 30th
June, 1685 (a).
I
Thomas Johnson, eldest son of
second marriage ; died s.p. ;
mar. Mary ..,, who survived him
and was living i6th June, 1684.
I
Mary Johnson, daughter and co-heiress ; mar- = Richard Musgrave, vicar of Long-
ried 22nd October, 1678 (/) ; died at Low I houghton, 1679-96 ; buried
Buston; buried 5th June, 1699 («) ; will 2nd Dec, l696(/'); will dated
proved 1700 (<•). 19th Oct., 1696.
Richard Musgrave, clerk in ■
orders, to wliom his father
gave a legacy to procure
him a degree ; curate of
All Saints', Newcastle,
1703-7 ; 15th April, 1707,
sold his lands in Low Bus-
ton to his uncle William
Musgrave (/) ; buried at
All Saints', 2nd July, 1707.
Susanna Cox
of Newcastle ;
bond of mar-
riage, 17th
July, 1702;
party to sale
of lands in
Low Buston
in 1707.
Christopher, baptised 2nd,
buried 3rd June, 1682 {/)).
Philip Musgrave, baptised
1 8th Feb., 1691/2 ((4), to
whom his father gave
lands in Knarsdale, and
to whom in 1725 his uncle
William Musgrave. M.D.,
gave a legacy of 40s.
Mary ; buried ... March. 1697/8 (/>).
Margaret, baptised 20lh Dec, 1683 (/j).
Sarah, baptised 4th Aug., 1685 (J)') ;
died at Low Buston ; buried 24th
July, l6g8 («)•
Elizabeth, baptised 27th July, 1687 (/O.
Theodosia, baptised iSthOct., l6Sg(^//).
Phcebe, baptised iSth Aug., 1695 (J/) ;
married ... Waugh.
Sarah Johnson, daughter and :
co-heiress, baptised 28th
Feb., 1660/1 {h) ; in the
division of latids made in
i6go was allotted the lands
which belonged to her half-
brother through his mother.
Arthur Strother of Bil-
ton Banks ; party to
division deed of 26th
Feb., 1690 ; died
26th Sept., 1708 (^).
Margaret Johnson, daugh-
ter and co-heiress ;
bond of marriage, 30th
Aug., 1689 ; buried at
Long Benton, 2nd Aug.,
1701.
= William Musgrave of Long
Benton, and afterwards
of Newcastle, physician,
buried in St. Nicholas',
Newcastle, ... , 1725 ;
will dated 17th April,
1725 W (/).
Henry Strother of = Frances, daughter of John
Bilton Banks; bond
of marriage, 5th
Oct., 1714; died
I7thjuly, 1718C?);
will dated 27th
June, 1718 (/).
Carr of Lesbury ; she re-
married at Edlinuham,
6th July, 1720, Edward
Forster of Higham
Dikes, and was buried
at Lesbury, ist July,
1767.
Richard
M usgrave,
baptised
at Long-
Benton,
7th Aug.,
1690; died
in infancy.
William Musgrave of
London, born at Low
Buston; baptised i6ih
Feb., 1692/3 (<j); was
residing in London,
2nd Aug , 1726 (a) ;
died unmarried (y).
I
Anthony Musgrave,
baptised at Long
Benton, 1 5th Oct.,
1696 ; to whom
his father gave
a house in the
Oat-market, New-
castle.
(rt) Warku'orth Register,
{p') Longhoitghtoyi Register.
(c) Low Buston Deeds.
(..?) M.I., Lesbury.
(h) Alnwick Register.
(/) Long Benton Register.
(rf) Lambert MS.
(e) Durham Probate Registry.
(/) Abstract of Title. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
Evidences to Johnson and Musgkave Pemgree.
1667, i8th June. Will of Henry Johnson of Nether Buston, the younger. To be buried in the parish church
of Warkworth. I give all my lands and tenements on Nether Busion to my brother, Thomas Johnson, and his heirs.
To my sister, Mary Johnson, all sums of money due to mc, including ^"53 in the hands of Thomas Watson of North
Seaton. I appoint my uncle, John Cheseman of Wood-hall, Northumberland gent., executor. Proved 1668
Durham Probate Registry.
' Abstract of title in the Rev. John Hodgson't Collection.
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON.
233
16S4, l6th June, Will uf Henry Johnson of Low Buston, freeholder. To be buried in the parish church of
VVarkworth. I give my land at Buston and my farm at Thirston to my wife, Jane Johnson, durino- widowhood
and then equally amongst my children. My daughter-in-law, jMary Johnson. To my son, Mr. Richard Muso-rave,
/lo; to my grandson, Richard Musgrave, the young mare's foal; to my grand-daughters, Mallie and Maroaret
iMusgrave, 20s. apiece. Proved 1684. Inventory, ;^I42 15s. Durham Probate Registry.
1696, 19th October. Will of Richard Musgrave, vicar of Longhoughton. To be frugally buried in the parish
chunh of Longhoughton. To my younger son, Philip Musgrave, my tenement or freehold at Thornhope, par.
Knaresdale ; to my daughters, Mary and Margaret, /50 apiece «hen iS ; to my daughters, Sarah and Elizabeth, £20
apiece; to my daughter, Theodosia, .^20 ; to my youngest daughter, Phoebe, ;^20 when 16. I appoint that ;^io or
12 guineas be taken out of the money in the house for my son, Richard, to procure him his degree in either of our
universities. He and Maiy, my wife, executors. Proved l6g8. Iliid.
1697/8, 3rd March. Will of Anthony Musgrave of Neivcastle, sadier. My nephew, Richard Musgrave, sorr of
my brother, William Musgrave, £\0\ nephews William and Anthony, sons of my brother, William Musgrave, my
sister, Margaret Sage, my sister, Mary Musgrave, remainder to my brother, William Musgrave of Long Benton, he
executor. Proved 1698. Ihid.
. . . . Will of Mary Musgrave of Low Buston, widow. My son, Richard Musgrave, my estate at Buston,
and he to execute my husband's will. My daughtrs, Margaret, Elizabeth, Theodosia, and Phoebe, minors. My
mother, Jane Johnson of Low Buston, widow, Arthur Strother of Bilton Banks, gent., and William Musgrave of
Long Benton, jun., gent., trustees. My son, Richard, executor. Proved 1702. Ibid.
1725, 17th April. Will of William .Musgrave of Newcastle, physician. To my son, William Musgrave, my
estate at Low Buston, and -the estate left me in reversion by Henry Strother, late of Bilton Banks, now in the
possession of Frances, wife of Edward Forster of Heigham Dikes. To my son, Anthony Musgrave, my house in the
Oat-market, Newcastle. To Philip, son of Richard Musgrave, 40s., and to Margaret Musgrave and Phcebe Wau<yh
his sisters, 5s. and 20s. respectively. My sister, Margaret Sage, 2 broad pieces of gold. Francis Johnson of Newcastle,
esquire and alderman, and my son William, executors. My sister, Maiy Musgrave. Proved 1st July, 1725. Ihid.
From a case submitted for counsel's opinion, it appears that of the lands
so elaborately divided the parcel given to Sarah Strother came to Henry
Johnson by his marriage with his first wife, and the parcels given to Mary
Musgrave and to Margaret Musgrave were the lands purchased in 1614.
These shares were reunited partly by purchase and partly by bequest in
William Musgrave of London, eldest son of William and Margaret Mus-
grave, who by deed dated the 2nd of August, 1726, sold them for _/ 1,600 to
William Wilkinson of High Buston. Seven years afterwards, Wilkinson
sold the portion formerly belonging to Sarah Strother (subsequently called
Middle Buston),' to Edward Gallon of Alnwick, whose son, John Gallon,
contracted to sell this messuage to Thomas Bell of Shortridge, but having
died before the sale was completed, it was conveyed to Bell by Gallon's
executors on the 2nd of August, 1770; thenceforth it formed part of the
Shortridge estate. The pedigree and histoi-y of the family of Wilkinson
having been given under High Buston, it is only necessary to remark that
the two-thirds of the lands purchased by William Wilkinson in 1726, and
retained by him after the alienation of the one-third part to Gallon in 1770,
were sold by Henry Wilkinson in 1838 to John Appleby of Low Buston,
' The small homestead of Mid or Middle Buston, or Mid Stead {cj. .'Armstrong's Map, 1769), was
situated in a field still called .Stead-field on the east side of the lane from Low to High Buston ; it
occasionally occurs in the parish register up to the end of last century.
Vol. V. 30
234
WARKWORTH PARISH.
for about ^"6,000, and conveyed to Mrs. Appleby on the 12th of May, 1838,
thenceforward to form part of the Low Buston estate.
The earliest notice of Shortridge is in the middle of the sixteenth
century, when it is incidentally mentioned in Clarkson's survey under the
name of Shetterridge. The nucleus of the estate is comprised in the two
tenements conveyed by way of mortgage in 1604 by Luke Beadnell to
Edward Bell, who is described as 'of Gallalea, yeoman.' It was extended
towards the east by the acquisition in 1708 of Spital-house, and towards the
west by the purchase of Middle Buston in 1770.
BELL OF SHORTRIDGE.
... Bell of ... ==
I
Edward Bell of ' Galla-lea '; took a mortgage upon
lands in Low Buston township, 28th Sept., 1604, and
purchased the same in 1617 (;) ; will d.tted 30th
Aug., ... , ' to be buried in Warkworth church' {/).
Thomas Bell ; had five
daughters by his two
wives.
MM
Agnes; married ... Watson.
si-
Margaret ; married ... Wilson.
Eleanor ; married ... White.
... ; married ... Fenwick.
■ nU
Edward Bell of Cheswick, afterwards of Shortridge, nephew, heir, and devisee of = Isabella .
Edward Bell of Nether Buston, and was rated for his lands there in 1663 ; living
will dated 30th March, 1671 ; proved same year (/). 1687.
Thomas Bell of Shortridge, where he = Phillis, sister of Thomas
died ; buried 29th July, 1687 (a) ;
will dated 25th June, 16S7 ; proved
1688 (/) ; names his mother, Isa-
bella Bell.
living
Smith of Togston ; died
at Shortridge ; buried
22nd Dec, 1680 (a).
I I
John Bell ;
1671.
Edward Bell of
Newcastle, tan-
ner; living 1687.
Margery ; married George
Potter, who was living
1687.
Grace ; married ... Waugh ;
living in Newcastle a
widow in 1687. si'
Edward Bell of Shortridge, only son ;
purchased the Spital in 1708 (i) ;
buried 24th April, 1752 (a).
Margaret Kenelm of Little Hough ■
ton; married ..., 1711 (t) ;
died at Shortridge ; buried 20th
Sept., 1746 («).
Jane Bell ; buried
29th Oct., 1683
Margaret ... ; buried
22nd June, 1757
Thomas Bell of Shortridge, baptised
3rd Dec, 1713 («) : buried 19th
June, 1768 (a) ; will dated 30th
May, 1768 ; proved at Durham
the same year (/}.
Phillis, daughter of Roger Buston of John, baptised
High Buston ; married at Berwick, 29th Sept.,
22nd May, 1758 ; died at High 1717 (a).
Buston ; buried 4th April, 1799,
aged 89 (a).
Edward Bell of Alnwick, baptised
31st .May, 1720 (a) ; buried 3rd
March, 1779 (/i) ; will dated
25th Feb., 1779; proved same
year (/).
Margaret ... [?Mar., 1740/1,
Edv,ard Bell and .Mar-
garet .Adams married (<:)] ;
buried 31st Jan., 1802,
aged 78 (/5).
t I
Henry, baptised 4th Oct.,
1722 (a) ; buried 7th
June, 1728 (a).
George, baptised loth
Dec, 1724 (a).
Jane, baptised gih
.April, 1712(a) ;
bur. 17th Feb.,
1717,8 (a).
I M I
John Bell, baptised 24th .April, 1745
{/)) : buried Sth Oct., 1745 (li).
John, baptised 31st March, 1756 (/);
buried 23rd .March, 1774 (/().
Edward, baptised 1 7th July. 1754 (/) ;
buried 7th April, 1777 (/i).
Thomas, baptised nth June, 1766
((5) ; only surviving son ; liuried
I Sth Oct., 1795 (^).
,. I I i I
Margaret, baptised 20th Mar., 1743/4
(/>) ; buried 3rd May, 1746 (/5).
Mary, baptised 3rd Dec, 1 746 (/4) ;
buried i8th Dec, 1766 (i5).
Jane, baptised 22nd June, 1748 ; died
in infancy.
Ann, baptised 15th Nov., 1749 Qi) ;
buried loth June, 1 751 ((5).
I
Margaret, baptised 7th .Aug., 1751 (li) ;
only surviving daughter.
Elizabeth, baptised 9th Feb.. 1753
((i) ; buried gth May. 1770 ((i).
Jane, baptised 13th May, 1757 (/!).
Sarah, baptised 22 nd Feb., 1760 (/5).
Barbara, baptised 30th Dec, 1 764
(/>) ; buried 28th Feb., 1771 (/<).
TOWNSHIP OF LOW BUSTON.
235
Thomas Bell of Short-
ridge, baptised 31st
July, 1746 (a) ; bur.
gth Oct., 1773 («);
will dated 1st June,
1773 (0-
Dorothy, daughter of Edward Bell, baptised 6th Nov., Margaret ; mar. 2nd Nov., 1784,
Thomas Smith of Tog- 1751(a); of Little Houghton, John Tate of Guyzance North
ston ; married 30th afterwards of Hetton-house ; Field, and died, aged 43, 5th
May, 1769 (ff) ; died died loth Jan., 1790 (/;) ; will June, bur. at Brainshaugh,
at Alnwick, 30th April dated 21st Sept., 1789 ; proved 1792(1;). 4,
(rf), bur. 2nd May, 1 826 i79o(/)- Barbara, bap. 4th Jan., 1752/3
aged 80 («) (a) ; bur. 1st Feb., 1774 (a).
Thomas Bell of Shortridge.bap. 17th Nov., 1772 (a); = Margaret, daughter of George Selby of Twizell ;
was articled 24th Nov., 1789, to Ralph Heron of
Newcastle, attorney ; practised in Alnwick ; in
1803 a captain in the Percy Tenantry Volunteers ;
died 28th Dec, 1826 ; will dated l8th Jan., 1826.
articles before marriage, 29th Nov., 1805 ;
married at Hamburgh, 3rd Dec, 1805 ; her
marriage portion was ;^2,5oo ; she remarried
William Clark of Belford hall.
Thomas Selby Bell, only child, born loth Dec, 1807 ;
died 14th, buried i6th March, 1808 (/<).
(a) Warkworth Register. (d) Newcastle paper, April, 1826. (/;) Nicholas Brown's Diaiv.
{/i^ Alnwick Register. (,?) S/i Mottle Register. {i') Schedule of Deeds \n iheposseiiion
(<r) Longhoughton Register. (/) Durham Probate Registry. of the late Mr. Woodman.
Evidences to Bell Pedigree.
1604, 28th September. Feoffment from Luke Bednell to Edward Bell.
1617, 14th October. Release from William Bednell and Mary Bednell to Edward Bell. Schedule of Deeds.
16 . . . 30th August. Will of Edward Bell of Nether Bustone. To be buried in the parish church of
Warkworth. To Edward Bell, my brother's son, my two farms in Nether Buston ; remainder to Ralph Watson, my
sister's son ; Lancelot and Oswald Fenwicke, my sister's sons; to William Smith, alias Thompson, my sister's son ;
William Beadnell, gent., and Mary Beadnell, widow, mother of the said William ; my sister, Margaret Wilson ; my
sister, Agnes Watson ; my sister, Ilioner White, and her son, Raiphe ; my brother, Thomas Bell's three daughters by
his first wife and two by his latter wife. To John Strangwishe of Cheswick's children ; to William Fenwick of
Ailemouth, gent. ; to Margaret, daughter of James Bell ; to Elizabeth, daughter of my sister Fenwicke, and to her
younger sister Agnes ; my sister's son, Ralph Watson, sole executor.
Inventory of the goods, etc., bequeathed by Edward Bell of Nether Buston, deceased, to Edward Bell of
Chesswick, son of Thomas Bell, deceased, and nephew of the said defunct. Raine, Test. Dunelm.
1641, 15th January. Articles for the division of lands in Nether Buston was made between Francis Forster,
Henry Johnson, Edward Bell, and William Wilkinson. Edward Bell took ' for his part two farms and thirteen acres
more beginning on the south side of his own division in Shortrike, and all the rest of Shortrike northward, and the
Spittle field, and the Strother and the North field, as far as the said two farms and thirteen acres will reach.'
Lambert MS.
1671, 30th March. Will of Edward Bell of Shortridge, yeoman. To be buried in Warkworth church. To my
wife, Isabella, the thirds of my free inheritance, according to law ; to my eldest son, Thomas Bell, the cupboard, one
bedstead, etc. ; to my son, John Bell, my 'several estate,' and all debts due to me, in trust that, when my daughter,
Grace Bell, and my son, Edward Bell, shall attain 21, he shall pay to each of them a full half part of my estate ; he
executor. Proved 1671. Amount of inventory, .^214 lis. 3d. Durham Probate Registry.
1687, 25th June. Will of Thomas Bell of Shortridge, gent. To be buried in Warkworth church. To my only
son, Edward Bell and his heirs, my freehold estate at Shortridge ; remainder to my brother, John Bell ; remainder to
my brother, Edward Bell of Newcastle, tanner ; remainder to the heirs of my brother-in-law, George Potter, begotten
of my sister Margery, his wife; remainder to the heirs of my sister, Grace Waugh of Newcastle, widow. To my
mother, Isabella Bell, /6 per annum out of Shortridge ; to my sister-in-law, Isabella Smith, my best milk kine ; to
my nephew, William Smith, 30s. as a legacy ; my lease of Spittle-house and the two leases I hold of the duke of
Somerset of lands in Birling and Warkworth, etc., and all my stock to my son, Edward. My brother-in-law, Thomas
Smith, sole executor. Proved 1688. Amount of inventory, ;^i65 5s. lod. Ihtd.
176S, 30th May. Will of Thomas Bell of Shortridge. I give an annuity to my wife, Phillis ; my freehold lands
to my eldest son, Thomas Bell ; to my son, Edward Bell, £\0Q when 21 ; to my daughters, Margaret and Barbara
Bell, /300 apiece when 21 ; my brother, Edward Bell of Alnwick, merchant, and my son, Thomas Bell, to be
guardians of my children. Proved 1 768. Ibid.
1773, 1st June. Will of Thomas Bell of Shortridge. My wife, Dorothy, /40 per annum and the mansion
house at Shortridge ; my brother, Edward Bell, my uncle, Edward Bell of Alnwick, merchant. My freehold messuage
or close at Alnwick and my estate at Shortridge, Spital, and Nether Buston to my son, Thomas Bell ; remainder to
my brother, Edward Bell. Executors, John Archbold of Acton, esq., and William Smith of Togslon, gent. My
uncle, Edward Bell of Alnwick, supervisor. Proved 1773. Ibid.
236 WARKWORTH PARISH.
17797 25th February. Will of Edward Bell of Alnwick, merchant. To my wife, Mary [? Margaret] Bell, £^0
per annum out of my house and eiLite at Alnwick ; to my daughter, Margaret Bell, ;^8oo ; residue to my son,
Thomas Bell. 1 appoint my nephew, Edward Bell of Little Houghton, husbandman, and Luke Mattison of
.Mnwick, ironmonger, executors of my will and guardians of my son until he attains the age of 21. Proved i6th
.March, 1779. Dur/ium Prohatt Registry.
17S9, 2ist September. Will of Edward Bell of Hetton-house, gent. I confirm a contract entered into with
.Mary Brougham of Little Houghton, sp., for the sale of a freehold messuage in Alnwick Market-place for £bi,o\
residue of estate to my sister Margaret, wife of John Tate. William Tate of Hartlaw, farmer, and Edward Stamp
of Alnwick, merchant, e.xecutors. Proved 19th July, 1790. f/iul.
Thomas Bell of Alnwick, solicitor, in 1813 agreed to purchase a house in St. Michael's Lane, Alnwick, from the
assignees of Ralph Annett of Heckley Fence. By his will, dated i8th January, 1826, he gave this house to P. J.
Selby and George Selby in trust for his wife for life, with remainder to John Lindsay of Alnwick, gent. Papers with
Mr. Robert Xliddlemas.
Shortridge was sold in 1813 and conveyed by Thomas Bell, the
last of his family, to his kinsman and tenant, Ralph Fenwick. The latter
was succeeded on his death, about the year 1829/ by his nephew, Ralph
Fenwick of Ulghani, whose representatives sold the estate in 1848'- to
Mr. Edward Thew of Alnwick. Mr. Thew was succeeded by his eldest son,
Mr. F. A. Thew, by whose trustees the estates of Shortridge and Buston
Barns were sold on the ist of August, 1888, for ;^23,ooo to Mr. Robert
Deuchar, their present owner.'
At the southern side of the township, forming a projecting limb, was the
small farm and mill of Hounden, the latter standing upon and deriving its
motive power from the Buston or Grange burn. Between the bridge near
Warkworth railway station, and the spot at which the stream flows into the
Coquet, the burn forces itself through a deep oak-clad dene, oh one side of
which is a precipitous freestone crag crowded with jackdaws' nests ; above and
near it are si.\ small arable fields or grass closes, which furmerlv bore the
picturesque names of the 'Abbot's wood,' 'Hunter's Thorn, '^ ' flounden
Flower,'^ and the 'Yard-side close. "^ It is probable that some part of this
holding may represent one or more parcels of the lands given, as described
on a former page, to the abbot and convent of Newminster.
' Ralph Fenwick's name as tenant of Embleton appears on the Stamjord Court Roll from 1764 to
1807. He died at Shortridge on the i8th April, 1829, aged 92. Newcastle Courant. His will is dated
22nd November, 1S26. - It was described as comprising about 287 acres, and was sold for ^12,600.
Conditions of Sale and Newcastle papers, 15th September, 1848.
' With the exception of the portion occupied by the North Eastern Railway, and Hounden which
belongs to the duke of Northumberland, the whole township of Low Buston now belongs to Mr. R.
Ueuchar, who, in 1898, replaced the old house of the Bell family at Shortridge with a handsome freestone
house after the designs of Mr. W. L. Newcombe, architect, Newcastle. The great tithes, parcel of the
rectory of Warkworth, which foiincrly belonged to the bishop of Carlisle and now to the Ecclesiastical
commissioners, are commuted for .£143 18s. 6d. a year; the vicarial tithes of the vicar of Warkworth
are commuted for £71 4s. a year. ' This name is still retained.
' 'Floors' are flat lands lying at the foot of slopes and of frequent occurrence in field names. Heslop,
Nortliuntbcrland Words. CJ. vol. i. of this work, p. 200.
" Probably a corruption of ' yare.' A 'yare' or 'wear' is a dam from the bank of a river to the middle to
catch fish. CJ. Tate, Alnwick, ii. p. 26.
THE HOSPITAL OF ST. JOHN BAPTIST. 237
This portion of the township originallv had a river frontage upon the
Coquet, but when the earl of Northumberland enlarged his pleasure grounds
in the fifteenth century bv making the Sunderland park, he, by exchange or
purchase, acquired the river bank ' from Hewnden mouth eastward,' which,
savs Clarkson in 1567, is ' nowe parcell of Warkeworth parke and enclosed
within the same bv a certevne composition made betwyxt the late earle,
Henry Percv, grandfather to mv lord that nowe ys, and on Thomas Watkyn.'
Hounden may perhaps also represent that portion of the township
(otherwise unaccounted for) held by Wilkinson in 1590. Mr. Forster of
Low Buston possessed Hounden walk mill in 1663, and it was subsequently
converted into a flour mill and worked as such until the 19th of March,
1862, when it was partly destroved bv fire. With the rest of the Low
Buston estate Hounden was sold in 18 18, and in the division fell to the
lot of Nicholas Appleby ; it continued to form part of the Buston Barns
estate until 1857, when it was given, with 58 acres of land, to the duke of
Northumberland in exchange for lands in the township of Birling, lying in
close proximity to Mr. Edward Thew's house at Shortridge.
THE HOSPITAL OF ST. JOHN BAPTIST.
The eastern portion of the township, comprising 55 acres in two or three
grass closes, with a strip of link, until the decay or demolition of the house
or homestead (which remained until the end of last century) was known
as the Spital-house, and since that time has been usually spoken of as the
Spital closes. Since the year 170S it has formed part of the Shortridge
estate, and under the old system of rating it was reckoned as one 'farm.'
The Spital was known in the thirteenth century as the Hospital of
St. John Baptist of Warkworth. In 1292 a certain Lawrence of Wooler
brought a writ of entry against Ralph the master of the hospital to obtain
possession of two messuages and 24 acres of land in Over Buston. After
several adjournments, in consequence of the non-appearance of the parties,
the case came on for trial before Hugh de Cressingham and other justices
itinerant at Newcastle, on the 14th of January, 1293, and had again to stand
over till the 7th of May, when Robert fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth, came
forward and declared that the master had no interest in the tenements except
as his tenant-at-will appointed by him to say mass in a chapel founded by his
238 WARKWORTH PARISH.
ancestors. If judgment went against the master it would be to his loss, and
therefore he asked to be heard as a defendant. Lawrence, on his part,
declared that the hospital possessed a common seal, under which the master
and brethren could give or sell their tenements or other property as they
liked. He denied that the particular tenements in question had ever been
given to the hospital or its master by Robert or any of his ancestors. Robert
had the patronage and nothing more. Ralph now appeared and admitted
that he had no claim on the premises, except as Robert's tenant-at-will. The
jury found that the tenement in dispute had belonged to Hugh of Wooler
(grandfather of the plaintiff), who being reduced to poverty had enfeoffed
Robert in it on condition of being provided with food and raiment in the
hospital. After Hugh's death there, Robert fitz Roger had assigned the
tenement to the hospital and to his chaplain celebrating divine service there,
to be held at will from day to day during his good behaviour ; two such
chaplains Robert had removed and had placed others in their stead. Judg-
ment accordingly was given for Robert.'
' Warkworth Spital. ' Placita ad Novum Castrum super Tynam coram Hugone de Cressingliam et
sociis suis justiciariis ultimo itinerantibus in comitatu Northumbriae.' 14th January-, 1293.
'Laurencius de WollouH optulit se iiij" die versus Radulfum magistrum hospitalis Sancti Johannis
Baptiste de Werkeworth' de placito duorum messuagiorum et xx acris terre in Overbotliston' que clamat
ut jus, etc., per breve de ingressu, et ipse non venit et alias fecit defaltam scilicet coram J. de Melingham
et sociis suis justiciariis doniini regis de banco a die Pasche in xv dies anno regni regis nunc vicesimo post
quam summonitus, etc. Ita quod tunc preceptum fuit vicecomiti [quod c]aperet predicta tenementa m
manu doniini regis et quod diem, etc., et quod summoneret eum quod esset coram eisdem justiciariis de
banco in octabis Sancti [Mic]haelis proximo sequentibus ad quein diem predictus Laurencius fecit se
cssoniari, etc., versus predictum Radulfum de placito predicto. Et Radulfus hie per communem sum-
monicionem istius .... s ad hunc diem et predictus Radulfus modo non venit judicium predicta
tenementa capiantur in manu domini regis et ipse summonetur quod sit hie die lun.ae 8th May, 1293,
auditurus judicium suum. Et super hoc venit Robertus filius Rogeri et dicit quod predictus Radulfus
nichil habet in predictis [te]nenicntis nisi ad voluntatem suam eo quod idem Radulfus assignatus per ipsum
Robertum ad divina celcbranda in quadam capclla per antecessores funda[ta] in predicta villa. Et dicit
quod predictus Radulfus gratis wit amittore predicta tenementa in exhereditacionem ipsius Robevti et petit
quod admittatur [a]d respondendum, etc. Et Laurencius dicit quod predictum tenementum est anexum
predicto hospitali .Sancti johannis Uapliste de Werkeworth' unde predictus [Rjadulfus est magister et
quod idem hospitale habet sigillum t'ommune per quod idem magister et fratres sui hospitalis predicti dare
et vendere possunt [tejnementa sua et alia ad dictum hospitale spectancia et ea alienare pro voluntate sua
et preter dicit quod ista tenementa que ipse modo petit [nunjcquam fuerunt data predicto hospitali nee
isti magistro per predictum Robertum nee per aliquein antecessorem istius Roberti et quod idem Robertus
nichil habet [in] predicto hospitali nisi tantum advocariam et petit judicium de defalta predicti magistri,
etc. Et petit quod inquiralur et Robertus filius Rogeri [sim]iliter ideo fiat inde jurata ; Postea venit
predictus Radulfus et cognoscit quod nichil habet in predictis tenementis nee aliquid clamat in eisdem
[nisi] ad voluntatem ipsius Roberti filii Rogeri, etc. Et predictus Laurencius petit quod inquiratur ideo
fiat inde jurata qui dicunt [super s]acranientuni suum quod predictum tenementum fuit jus et hereditas
cujusdam Hugonis de Wolloure avus istius Lauiencii qui paupertate ductus accessit ad predictum
Robertum . . . . t de eodem tenemenlo feofifavil pro victu et vestitu habeiido in predicto hospitali
in quo obiit et dicunt quod postquam predictus Robertus habuit .... predicti tenementi assignavit
ipse illud tenementum predicto hospitali et capellano suo ibidem divina celebrari de die in diem tenenduin
ad [voluntjatem ipsius Roberti dum se bene et honeste gereret et dicunt quod idem Robertus amovit
duos capellanos et ibi posuit alios [ad vojluntatem suam, etc. Et ideo consideratum est quod predictus
Robertus sit inde sine die et Laurencius nichil capiat per breve suum sed sit in [misericordia] pro falso
clamio,' etc. Percy Chartulary, fol. 11 8 b.
THE HOSPITAI. OF ST. JOHN BAPTIST. 239
In a 'description and gross valuation of all the castles, rents, and
farms, etc., and numbers of able men to serve the king, conveyed to King
Henry VIII. by the earl of Northumberland,' compiled about the vear 1537,
occurs the following passage :
For so moche as hit ys reported there was somtyme a Spyttell licsydes Warkueworth whyclie had
landes to the yerely valewe of xiij' iiij' and a nother besydes Rothbury to the yerely valewe of vj" viij''
of the late carle's auncestres fundacyon and that the prior of Hulparke now hath the same landes as
S' George Lancastre preste' sayeth, but by what auctoryte he knowylh not : ' ideo qiierc pro regc.'-
About the year 1567 Roger Clay held a messuage called ' the Spittle,'
with divers parcels of arable, meadow, and pasture land lying in the ' flatt '
and in the fields of Nether Buston and Birling, for the term of his life and
the life of his two brothers, under a deed granted to their father by Henry,
late earl of Northumberland, at the rent of 15s. id., to be paid to the
monastery of Hulne. In 1585 Gabriel Ogle held ' unum domum mansion-
alem,' with barns and other buildings, a croft and garden containing i acre,
certain parcels of land, viz., j acre of arable, i^ acres of pasture, and i rood
of meadow, lying in the Strother in Nether Buston field ; a parcel of arable
land called Spittle-flat, containing 4 acres ; a parcel of arable land abutting
on Byrling-brade Havers, containing 2 acres ; a parcel of pasture ground east
of the house, containing 4^ acres ; a parcel of arable land called Dunstan,'
containing 7 acres ; a parcel of arable land called Salter-burn flat, containing
8i acres, together with common of pasture ; he paid to the lord 15s. id.
yearly.^
A note appended to a survev made about 1585 observes that the rent
of the Spital was ' deteyned by Nicholas Forster by colour of letters patentes
therof to him made from hir majestie as " concealed," bearing date at West-
minster the 17th daye of Maye, I569.''^ What followed is related in a letter
written by Stockdale in 1610 to the earl of Northumberland :
Right Honourable, — I have received your honor's letter touchinge the stale of a tenemenle nere
Warkworthe in occupacion of Mr. Claudius Forster called the Spittle.
Touchinge the state of the same, it lyeth in the hamlette or towne of Brotherwyke (sic), within and
parcell of the manor of Warkworlh, and is called the Spyttle alias St. John's house, and was in foinier
tymes given to some chantry, obiite, or lamp-light in the churche of Warkworth (as is supposed) which
tenemente the Erie Thomas uppon his restitution entred to and possessed and enjoyed the same during
all his life, as by accompts of that tyme may appere ; and demised the same by coppye (as his lordship
did all or most of his lands in that countrye) to one Raufe Claye, payinge therefor the ancyentc yerely
rente of xvs jd, and for his fine or gressume xxs.
' The chantry priest of the hermitage of Warkworth. '- Duke of Northumhaland's MSS.
' An adjoining or neighbouring pasture field in High Buston township retains the name of Uunstan,
■" Diilu of NorthumhcrhuuVs MSS. '' Ibid.
240 WANKWORIH I'AKISH.
Ami aftfi- the ilcatli of the ^ayd file, S' Joliii Forsicr, knight ^a sure back friciul to that honorable
howsc\ purchased the same amongst diverse other lands belonging to the sayd crle as lands concealed
from the late quccne's majestic in the name of Nicholas Forster his base soone, father to Mr. Claudius.
The sayd Nicholas first found the same concealed, and look a lease therof in his owiie name, for tearine
of xxj ycres dated in Maye, 1569 or 1570.
After many brables and clame mayd by your lordship's officers to those so delayncd grounds by S'
John and Nicholas his soone, your lordship's sayd officers, whereof 1 was one, cnired into articles with S'
John in the 1592 (A" xxxiij" (sic) Eliz. Reg.) for Howling-close, Warkworth Spittle, Rothbury Spittle, the
new colcpitts at .Alnwicke diged in Stainton's burgage in Alnwicke, for .Newhanis woods, the tenenicnte
called St. Margarett's, and for fellons goods at Mydleton in the barony of Beanley, which S' John had
seised and carryed away in his owne righte ; but due to your lordship.
All which particulers by consente of both partyes were referred to the judgment of iiij counsellors in
the lawe indiferetly {sic) to be chosen for the decydinge of the controvcrsyes aforesayd accordinge to
equity and lawe, at the assyscs next then to be holden at Newcastle.
.•\nd your lordship beingc advertysed of these proceedings directed your letter to me in June
followinge to joyne with your lordship's cosine S' Willm. Fenwickc for those matters, which I did
accordingly, and uppon such instructions and evidence delivered and showed by our counsel!, .S' John
Forster his counsell's backe was at the wall, and S' John perceaving the matter would goe against him,
stayed the procedinge, that he might have men sworne to his tytle, and soe the matter rested, for if it had
come to oalhe, he was of his authority might and would have procured men in that contry to sweare what
he desired; of all which procedings I certyfyed your lordship by letter, Saturday, 29th .August, 1592.
Therefore in my understanding your honour's tytle 10 the sayd icncmente called the Spittle is lawfull
and good (though the same were chantry lands and concealed as Mr. Forster at the leasing thereof
pretended), for except he be hable to prove that the sayd tenemente were in the possession and
occupacione of the chantry preist v yeres before the makinge of the statute for suppressinge the
chauntryes and free chappies in 1547, the lord of the manor is to have the land by that statute.
And for better testimony hereof the late right honorable your honour's father recovered lykc chauntry
and chappell lands within the manor of Topclife, which likwise duringc the tyme his lordship was at
conimaundinant after the death of the Erie Thomas were purchased as concealed lands by one John
Cloughs and John Nicolson, Mr. Walmesley, now justice, then of his lordship's coun^ayle. (These lands
recovered, iye in Skypton (?) and Catton.) And the like in Dalton and Crackhall, were freelye yelded
since, to your lordship's self; all which your lordship now hath and possesseth, for the case is clere.
I have herewith sent your lordship the one parte of the articles of agreement betweene your lordship's
officers and S' John Forster for the controversyes aforesayd, subscribed by the sayd -S'' John, and the
other parte remaineth with him, subscribed by your sayd officers on your lordship's parte.'
Sir William Forster of Bamburgh was rated for Spital-house in 1663,
and in the same year sold it to Edward Stockdell, with whose representatives
it remained until 1708, when it was purchased by Edward Bell of Short-
ridge." On the 2 1 St of September, 1758, Thomas Bell sold to Hugh, earl of
Northumberland, all the fishery rights belonging to his lands of Warkworth
Spital, and the lands have ever since formed a portion of the Shortridge
estate ; not a stone of the house or buildings remains.
' Endorsed 'Copy of a letter from \Vm. Stockdale to the earl of Northumberland, dated Humerton,
23rd Meicii, 1610, containing a state of his lordship's claim to Warkworth Spittle, and other lands in
the county of Northumberland, supposed formerly to have been chantry of obiite lands.' Duke 0/
Northumhci'laiicl's MSS.
-'1663,27th April: Deed poll from Sir William Forster and Dame Dorothy, bis wife, to Edward
Stockdell. 1673, 7th June: Will of Edward Stockdell. 1708, 9th and loth .\pril : Conveyance from
Jonathan Thompson and others to Edward Bell. Scludute vf Title Deeds,
TOWNSHIP OF STrRTOX GRANGE. 24 1
TOWNSHIP OF STIJKTON GRANGE.
The township of Sturton Grange, which comprises 1,119 acres,' with a
popuhition of 78" at the census of 1891, is wholly agricultural, being mostly
under tillage, with a proportional amount of pasture land. It is well watered
by the Grange burn, which takes its rise in the adjacent parish of Shilbottle,
and entering this township by the Redford-gate, Hows through the picturesque
Black-dean, and under the name of the Hounden burn joins the Coquet near
Warkworth station. There are good sandstone quarries, which have been
worked for sale as well as for estate purposes; bricks and draining tiles of
medium quality have been manufactured at Sturton Grange Eastiield.
A member of the barony of Wark-on-Tweed, Strectuna was granted by
Everard de Ros, lord of Wark, to the newly-founded Cistercian abbey of
Newminster. The lands given were to be relieved from all civil services,
aids, taxes, etc., from danegeld and hornegeld, and from the Crown service
called ' Utware.''
The abbot and convent subsequently strengthened their right of possession
bv obtaining a charter of confirmation' from Everard's son, Robert de Ros,
and improved their estate bv making a fence between it and Brotherwick.'^
By various grants they acquired in the second half of the thirteenth century
a piece of land (probablv near Hounden) from Galfridus de Hanvil," and,
about 1250, other lands called Herfordlees^ from Robert fitz Roger, lord of
' Under the old system of ratiny" the township of .Sturton Gr.-inge was reputed to contain eiyht farms
and the township of Walk Mill one farm.
- The Census Returns are : 1801,88; 1811,86; 18^1,72; 1831,88; 1841,108; 1851,130; 1861,122;
1871, 114; 1881, 116; 1891, 78.
* 'Per has divisas, scilicet, sicut Alriburne juxta Strectunam currit ad Kideford, et de Kideford sicut
divisa Strectunae et Brotherwyk vadit ad Herefordesles, et exinde sicut divisa Slrectunae per transvcrsum
Herefordeles vadit usque ad Hereford, et inde per Koket usque ad fossatum de Wyteley, et indc sicut
divisa Strectunae vadit ad Merethorne, et inde usque ad Hundhakeston et de Milneden et de INIilneburn
usque .ad Colepetheburne, et inde usque ad Harethorneburn, et de Harethornburn per semitam C|uac vadit
versus north usque ad viam quae ducit juxta truncum magnum ad Harethorncley, et inde usque ad
alteram Harethorneley, et inde in transversum per Lemetheley versus northest, usque ad praedictum
Alreburn, et totum Strectuneles ultra praedictas divisas usque ad campos de Sipplebottle in commune inter
Strettune et Sipplebottle.' Newminster Chartulary, Fowler, p. 197. Surt. Soc. No. 66. ' Ibid. p. 198.
' 'Ut faciant fossatum unum pro certa et perpetua divisa inter grangiam de Strattona et villam de
Brotherwyk, a siketo ex occidentali parte de Brotherwyk usque ad le Grenegate.' Ibid. p. 199. This
dyke or fence can still be clearly traced throughout the greater part of its length.
°'Totam dlam peciam terrae quae jacet infra Langdike, una cum eadem Langdyke, c|uae quidem
terra in se continet circiter unam acram et dimidiain, cum omnibus suis pertin., quae se tendit a via regia
Kydeford usque ad moram de Werkworth, sine aliquo retencmento.' Ibid. p. 199. C/. Norihumbcrlami
Assize Rull, 53 Henry III. Page, p. 13 n. Surt. Soc. No. 88.
' At the Northumberland assizes in 1269 there were proceedings between Robert fitz Roger and the
abbot of Newminster relating to Herfordlees. NorthumberUind Assize Roll, 53 Hen. III. Page, p. 154.
This place, with great probability, may be identified with Warkworth Moor.
Vol. \. 3'
242 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Warkworth, who, however, reserved coininou right upon the same.' They
entered into covenants (circa 1240) with Alexander de Hilton- as to the
boundaries between their lands and his at Shilbottle and Guyzance, and made
a similar agreement with Robert de Hilton.^
Amongst the other buildings^ erected by the monks was a forge or
smithv, apparently of some size, for Nicholas of Acton granted a licence
to the convent to obtain for its use sea coal from a wood of his called
Midilwode.* Under the customary monastic policy, and aided by Pandiilf,
the papal legate, a resignation" of the great tithes of Sturton Grange was
obtained from Hugh, bishop of Carlisle (1219-1223), who enjoyed the rectory
of Warkworth. This grant was confirmed by the prior and convent of
Carlisle," by Nicholas, bishop of Durham,** and further confirmed by a bull
of Pope Gregorv IX., ° granted at Viterbo on the 20th of June, 1237.
Finally, the right of free warren in Stretton was granted bv King Edward I.
in 1290.'- At the suppression of the monasteries the value of Sturton Grange
was computed to be _/'i6 per annum."
In 1546 William, Lord Eure,'- in consideration of 'good, true, faithful,
and acceptable services,' received a grant from the Crown to him and his
heirs male (under the reserved rent of 32s. a year)''' of the lordship of Stritton
with the courts leet, views of frank-pledge, bondmen and bondwomen,'^
villeins, etc., with all the lands in the occupation of Hunter, Watson,
Johnson, Pattinson, and others. The lordship was of the clear annual
' Northumberland Assize Roll, 53 Hen. III. Page, p. 199. - Ibid. p. 201.
''Sciant praesentes et fiituri, quod ad rectificandas et certificandas divisas inter abbatem et con-
ventum Novi Mon. ad j;rangiam suam de Stratton, et inter Robertum de Hilton apud Syepesbotle, idem
Robertus assensu et voluntate dictonnn abb. et conv. levare fecit quandam hayain ab aqueductu
quae venit de Colepetheford, inter parcum abbatis et boscum dicti Roberti, ad cruceni lapideam. Et se
extendit ilia haya ultra le Munekes super usque ad Moryley, et sic usque ad lyngam quae venit de
Kukeley, et sic versus orientem usque ad Wyteleys, et sic usque ad fossatuni quod est divisa inter
campum de Stratton et terrnm quam \ocant terram Percy ; ita quod omnes placiae infra dictani hayam
versus Siepesbotle quae fuerunt dictorum abbatis et conventus, remaneant dicto Roberto de Hilton et her.
suis in escambium perpctiium pro omnibus placiis ex altera parte hayae versus grangiam de Strattone
quae fuerunt ejusdem Roberti de Hylton, quas possidere debent dicti abbas et conventus, et eorum
successores imperpetuuni.' Newmiiister Chartulary, Fowler, p. 203. Surt. Soc. No. 66.
* These buildings are said to have stood by the side of the stream, in the close called the Grange
Green, about l 50 yards east of the present homestead, near a spot marked by a fine ash tree, blown down
in the great gale of 1S81. Foundations of walls have been traced.
* ' Potestatem accipiendi carbones maris in bosco ineo de Midilwode, ubicumque fuerint inxentae, ad
forgiam grangiae suae de Stretton.' NeKininster Chartiilary, Fowler, p. 201. Surt. Soc. No. 66.
' Ibid. p. 215. ' Ibid. p. 216. ' Ibid. p. 217. " Ibid. p. 219.
'" Cal. Rot. Chart. 18 Edw. I. No. 63. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 393.
" Dugdale. '" Patent Rolls, 36 Hen. \'III. pt. 26.
" This fee farm rent was acquired by the philanthropic Edward Colston, and by him was given, inter
alia, to his almshouse at Bristol. Cf. Proc. Soc. Antiq. Ncivc. iii. p. 38S.
" A late instance of a grant of serfs.
linVNSHir OF SirRTON GRAN'OK.
H3
value of £2% 6s. 8d., and was to be held in chief as the tenth part of a
knif^ht's fee. The familv of Eure was descended from Henry, third son
of John fitz Robert, the lord of Warkworth, and some members of the family
possessed other lands in the parish of Warkworth.
EURE OF WITTON AND OF STURTON GRANGE.i
Akms : Quarterly, or ami gules ; on a bend sable three escallops argent.— Visitation of Durham, 1666.
William, first Lord Eure of Witton ; sheriff of Northumberland,
1527 ; obtained by grant from the Crown the cell of Jarrow in
1544, and by letters'patent Slurton Grange in 1546 ; died 15th
March, 1547/8. ' A true gentleman and a good justice' (/<).
Elizabeth, daughter of Christopher
lord Willoughby D'Eresby.
Sir Ralph Eure, constable of Scarborough and M.P. for = Margery, daughter of
that place, 1542-45 ; slain at the battle of Ancrum Sir Ralph Bowes
Moor, 6th March, 1545 ; buried in Melrose abbey. of Streatlam.
I I I
Other
children.
I
William, second Lord Eure ; succeeded his grandfatlier ;
warden of the .Middle Marches ; buried at Ingleby,
I3tli Feb., 1593/4 ; will dated 22nd Dec, 1592.
Margaret, daughter of Sir Edward
Dymoke of Scrivelsby ; buried
at Ingleby, 15th Sept. 1591.
I I I
Other
children.
Ralph, third Lord Eure, born in
Berwiclc castle, 24th Sept., 155S ;
warden of the Middle .Marches ;
in 1603 ambassador extraordin-
ary to the emperor and also to
the l<ing of Denmark ; living
in possession of Sturton Grange,
loth Oct., 1613 ; died 1st April,
1617.
Mary, daughter of Sir
John Uawney of
Sessay ; married
cvca 1577 ; died
i6th May, 1612 ;
buried at Ludlow,
where there is her
tomb and eiligy.
I
I
Sir William Eure of
Stokesley, co. York,
knight ; M.P. for Scar-
borough, 1601 ; in 1614
with his wife granted a
lease of Coquet Island ;
died circa 1629. In a
deed of 1630 he is styled
as ' late of Bradley,' co.
Durham.
I
Sir \\ illiam Eure, knight, fourth Lord Eure, born 1579 ;
sold Jarrow in 1622-27 \ buried at Cld .Malton, 2Sth
June, 1646.
Catherine, daughter and heir-
ess of Sir William Bowes
of Streatlam ; living a
widows at Bradley, 26th
Feb, 1629/30, when she
granted a lease of Coquet
Island ; she succeeded to
the barony of Scrope on
the death of Emanuel, earl
of Sunderland [? buried
24th Mar., 1641/2 (d)].
Lucy, daughter of Sir .Andrew Noel of Dalby ; buried
at Old .Malton, 20th Jan., 161;. (First wife.)
I
Ralph Eure, son and
heir, born 1606 ;
living in 1635 ;
dead before 1640.
Katherine, daughter of Thomas,
Lord .Arimdcl of Wardour ;
will dated nth .Aug., proved
I2th Sept., 1657.
Sir William Eure, second son, born before loth
Oct., 1613 ; a colonel of a regiment of horse
during the Civil VVar ; killed at Marston
Moor, 2nd/3rd July, 1644 ; buried in York
minster, 7th July, 1644.
I I I
Daughters.
I
Thomas Eure of Bradley ;
was aged 6 years in
1612 ; a major of horse,
slain at Newbury, 20th
Sept., 1643 ; unmar-
ried.'-'
I III
William Eure ; was aged 58 in i665 ; was of Brad- :^ Mary, daughter of Peter Henry ;
'sv in 1632, and of ' Rackwood hall,' CO. Durham, P'orcer of Harbour died
house ; buried at young.
St. Oswald's, 2 1st Daughters.
Feb., 1669/70 (a).
ley in 1632, and of ' Rackwood hall,' co. Durham,
20th April, 1636, when he had a grant of
Coquet Island from his mother ; was of New
Elvet in 1675/6, when he sold Coquet Island
to Nairne ; buried 22nd March, 1684/5 (a).
i
Peter Eure ; was aged 12 years in l665 ;
died unmarried ; buried at St. Oswald's,
Durham, i8th Dec, 1689 («).
Mary, sister and heiress ; was aged 15 years in 1666 ; married
Michael Johnson of Twizell hall, co. Durham, and died 12th
Oct., 1731. He was buried 13th .April, 1714 (a). 4-
Anne ; died unmarried; buried 14th Jan., 1657/8 {a).
(17) St. Oswald's Register, Durham. (/') The names of such gentlemen as of late are retained by the king's
highness by fee. llodgson-llinde, Northumberland, p. 347.
' These descents are chiefly taken from the Visitation of Yorkshire, 1584 and 1610 (with additional pedigrees),
edited by Joseph Forster ; Harleian Society. Cf. Visitation of Durham, \(>(ib.
- A captain in Sir William Constable's regiment. Cf. Peacock, Army Lists of Roundheads and Cavaliers, p. 41.
244 WARKWOKTH IWRISH.
In the winter of 1584 Sturton Grange was raided by Scottish thieves,
some of wliom belonged to Swynside, near Oxnam, in Roxburghshire, who
robbed the widow Jackson of forty-eight sheep.'
At the muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March, 1580, eight
of Lord Eure's tenants in Sturton Grange presented themselves as footmen
and alleged that thev could not keep horses as ' Lord Ewers' had enhanced
their rents from 40s. to ;^5 apiece ;■ and at the muster on Cliftonfield on
the 24th of November, 1595, William Watson and seven other horsemen
who appeared from Sturton Grange were returned as ' defective.'^
The oppressed tenants found support in the powerful enemies which
Eure's rule as lord warden of the Marches had raised against him, and in the
presentments (under twenty heads) made against him by the gentlemen
jurors to the queen's commissioners in 1597 was the accusation 'that the
lord warden has taken exceeding great lines from his tenants at Sturton
Grange, viz., of one whose ancient rent was but 40s. he took ^48 for fine
and raised his rent to 50s. ; that he refused their goods offered in lieu of
fines, and imprisoned some of them at Hexham until they agreed to give
fines of X"6o a farm.'^ Eure defended himself in a letter written to Lord
Burghley on the 8th of June, 1597 :^
.\s the jurors are aggrieved at my extreme exactions of fines on my Northumberland tenants, though
there is no mention of fines ' within the five artickle,' nor do the gentlemen seem ' disposed to trouble theire
heades with anie other landslord but myselfe.' I answer that Richard Fenwicke, one of the jurors, was a
principal dealer for mc in letting these leases and perfected the covenants between the tenants and me,
' he over-ruling me to their will,' and 1 never strained or pressed them to pay but at their ease and best
profit, and none of them to my knowledge, repines at the fine (as they witness under their hands). And
what was formerly doubbled I ha\e ' layde downe to the aunciente rent.' And to furnish them with horses
at present, I not only 'forbear but forgive,' as themselves witness. None made presentment to this jury,
but some of my tenants of Stunon Grange, who did so on the instigation of Robert Woodrington of
Hauxley, one of the jury, though they confess they had no cause to complain.
In 1613 Ralph, Lord Eure, and his son. Sir William Eure, having
entered into an agreement to sell Sturton Grange to George Reaveley for
;2^i,200, a commission was issued by the Crown dated on the 23rd of June of
that year, to ascertain whether it would be to the king's loss if such a con-
veyance were made, the original grant having been made to Eure and his
heirs male. The following is an abstract of the return to the writ :
' 'A Booke of the Losses in the Middle Marches of England by the Scots Thefes.' Lansdoienc MS.
49. Border Club, i. pp. 70, 71.
- Cal. of Border Ptifiers, Bain, i. p. 22. ' IhiJ. ii. p. 78. ' Ihid. ii. p. 352. 'Ibid. ii. p. 341.
TOWNSHIP OF STrKTON' GRANGE. 2^^
Inquisition ' taken at Newcastle on the loth October, 1613, before Claudius Forster, esq., the shcrift",
and Richard Ord, the feodary.
The jury say 'that William, late Lord Eure, father of Ralph, now Lord Eurc, was heir male of
William, Lord Eure, the grantee, and that he died loth February, 1593/4. seised of Striton Grange in
his demesne as of fee entail, with reversion to the queen ; that the said Ralph, Lord Eure, is son and heir
of the said William, and had and received all issues and profits of the said Grange from the time of his
father's death, and still receives them, by virtue of the letters patent of Henry VIIL ; that it is worth by
the year, clear, ^20; that William Eure, knight, is son and heir of the said Ralph, and has two sons
living, and that there are many persons living who might be heirs to the said William.'
On the 17th of August, 1617, Reavely conveyed the estate he had so
recently purchased to William Ord of Prudhoe castle,' a bailiff of the earl of
Northumberland.^ Ord does not seem ever to have made the Grange his
home, but dying at Prudhoe on the 27th of April, 1630, he was buried in the
chancel of Ovingham under a marble stone, which bears the arms Quarterly
I and 4, three salmons hanriant, one and two ; 2, three mullets, one and two ;
J, three fleurs-de-lis, one and two ; and the following quaint epitaph :
Here lyes the corps of a rare rnan inter'd
On whom both wit and learning God confer'd
To his great good ; for all his works did tend
To God the object of his acts and end.
His abstract was from a renowned race,
To which his proper virtue added grace.
Was happie in his wife, his children seaven.
Of which the prime did follow him to heaven ;
A vertuous girle above her age was shee
Of sin's foule dregs and vile contagion free :
With credit great while he Lord Percy served
Of high, of low, of all he well deserved.
He could get welth, but got, he cared not for it.
And thought it greater wisdome to abhore it ;
And to conclude he usde things transitory
As means to bring him to eternall glory.
The eastern portion of the township was sold by William Ord, the third
of that name, in 1702. His son, also bearing the same name, having taken
the losing side in the rebellion of 1715,* involved himself still more deeply
by mortgages. As a Roman Catholic, he registered his estate in 1717 as 'all
the manor of Sturton Grange, now in my mother's and my possession ; as
' Public Record Office. Exchcqiur Special Cuiiunissiuii. 1 1 James (1613), No. 4361.
' Mr. John Liddell's Title Deeds. = Cf. Bates, Border Holds, i. p. 21 1.
■' ' These are to certify that I have, pursuant to an order sent to me for that purpose, made diligent
search and enquiry for such persons as were concerned in the late rebellion, and also sent warrant to the
several petty constables within my division, requiring them to do the same, but neither they nor I can be
informed nor have any intimation of any persons concerned therein, except Mr. Ord of Sturton Grange,
and Mr. Thomas Lisle of Hazon, who are absconded or otherwise conceal themselves.' Signed, Thomas
Warden, 14th January, 171S. Sessions Records. Cf. Lancashire Memorials of 1715, pp. 44, 46, where it is
said that William Ord of Warkworlh Grange was taken prisoner to London, loth December, 1715. Cf.
also Cosin's List of Noiifiirors, etc. p. 87.
246 WARKWORTH PARISH.
also all the capital messuage of Stiirton Grange, with the lands, etc., in the
same possession ; all that messuage and lands let by my mother and me to
Ralph Mow at ^31 a year; all that messuage and lands let by my mother
and me to Robert Tate at /"31 a year ; and all that other farm let by my
mother and me to William Tate at ^31 a year ; of which I have one moiety
and mv mother the other for her jointure for her life.'' This William Ord
died unmarried in January, 1724, and the estate was again registered in the
following year bv his brother and heir, Richard Ord.
The latter, in 1729, married Elizabeth, daughter of William Wilham, a
scion of the Lartington family." Their niece, Mrs. Mary Butler, who died on
the 2nd of March, 1752, gave to Henry Sheldon, the provincial of the
Society of Jesus, certain small tithes producing about /."35 a year for a fund
for one of the Society of Jesus, to be settled at or near Sturton Grange, or
some convenient place in the neighbourhood. One mass was to be said
everv month for ever for the souls of Lancelot Ord, esq., and Margaret, his
wife, and for the soul of the donor's aunt, Mrs. Elizabeth Ord, and for her
own soul.'*
The last representative of the family, bearing tlie ancestral name of
William, married Mary, daughter of Jasper Gibson of Stonecroft, in the
parish of Warden. To be near his wife's kinsfolk, be purchased lands and
built himself a house at Newbrough. He sold off the southern portion of the
township in 1796, and at his death, without issue, in 1801, devised the
remaining portion, charged with considerable legacies and a heavy mort-
gage, to his wife's nephew, Jasper Gibson. The latter, in 1815, sold the
estate to John and Christopher Jobson of Bebside. As a farm of 408 acres,
the Grange was, in 1848, offered for sale by public auction, and in the
following year was conveyed by Mr. Christopher Jobson to iNIr. Matthew
Liddell of Newcastle, and by the latter was given in e.xchange about i860 to
the duke of Northumberland for lands at Prudhoe.
' Register of Roman Catholic Estates with the clerk of the peace at the Moot hall.
= In the year 1S15 two old scutcheons of the Ord family were hanging in Warkworth church, one of
which bore the arms of Ord impaling Witham. Sablf, 3 siilmons hatcriant, argent, two and one— Ord.
Or a bend between three pewits S((6/t-— Witham. Sir David Smith's Collection.
' Records 0/ the English Province S.jf. series xii. p. 643. The provincial of the society, in the
exercise of the discretion given to him by the will, sold the tithes and applied the proceeds to the Alnwick
mission. The tithes so given were those of -\ncroft and Twecdmouth. This endowment is still enjoyed
by the Roman Catholic piicst at .Alnwick. ('/. Payne, Records 0/ English Catholics in 1715, p. 94.
TOWNSHIP OF STURTON GRANGE.
247
ORD OF STURTON GRANGE.
Arms ; S(i/>/c\ three salmons haurianf, orqejit^ Iwo ami one.
Seal attached to a letter of William Ord of Prudhoe.
William Orl. of Prudhoe ; purchased Sturton
Grange, 17th Aug., 1617 (.<^); died 27th April,
1630, and is buried in the chancel of Ovingham
(;) ; inventory dated 7th May, 1630.
William Ord of Sturton = Elizabeth, daughter of George
Grange ; was residing
at Prudhoe in 1658
and 1663, but at Stur-
ton Grange when he
made his will, 7th
June, 1675 ; proved
1675 iH).
I
William Ord of Sturton
Grange, son and heir,
born before l6th April,
1660 (/) ; buried 13th
Mar, 1709/10 (a) ; will
dated 1 8th Jan.,
1709/10, proved 17 10
(0-
Catherine Forster ;
bond of marriage,
loth Aug., 1689 ;
died at Sturton
Grange ; bur. i6th
Mar., 1728/9 (a).
Selby of White-house; mar.
at St. lohn's, Newcastle,
Sth Dec, 1654, by Mr.
Henry Horsle)', J. P. (f) ;
post-nuptial settlement i6lh
April, 1660 (^g) ; executrix
to her husband's will ;
buried Sth Nov., 1700 (a).
Eleanor, daughter of Gerard Salvin
of Croxdale (/') ; living a widow
in 1660 ; when she was party to
a settlement (_g).
I
.. , daughter ;
died 201 h
Dec, 1 63 1
(0-
George
Ord, a
trustee
under
his
brother's
will.
I
George Ord, born before l6th
April, 1660 {g) ; named in
his lather's will.
Francis; died at Sturton Grange ;
buried 26th April, 1690 (a).
Ralph Ord ; professed at Douay,
Sth Dec, 16S5, afterwards prior
of that house, 1724 (d).
1 I I
Other
child-
ren.
Mary ; married loth
June, i696,(jeorge
Storey of Rcanley
(«) ; bond of mar-
riage dated ... ,
1696.
William Ord of Sturton
Grange, son and heir ;
was out in the '15, and
was sent up to London
a prisoner, loth Dec,
1715 ; an executor to
his father's will ; regis-
tered his estate as a
Roman Catholic, loth
April, 1717 ; buried
23rd Jan , 1723/4 («)•
I
Richard Ord of Sturton
Grange, baptised 4th
July, 1692 («); regis-
tered his estate as
a Roman C.itholic,
25th Feb., 1724/5 ;
buried 2nd Aug.,
1733 W ; will dated
26th July, 1733 ;
proved 1734 (/).
Elizabeth, daughter of
Thomas Wiiham of Dur-
ham {e)\ marriai;e settle-
ment, 26th Nov., 1729
(c) ; bond of mairiage,
26th Nov., 1729 ; buried
at St. Oswald's, Dur-
ham, 17th April, 1747 ;
will dated 28th Oct.,
1742 ; proved 1747.
„ I I I I I
Ralph, baptised 24th July, 1694 (a) ;
buried i6ih Jan., 1700/ 1 (a).
George, baptised 25th Oct.. i6g8 (a) ;
buried 5th April, 1701 (a).
Francis, baptised l6th Jan., 1699/1700
(a) ; buried gth March, 172S/9 (a).
Edward, baptised 22nd May, 1701 (a).
George, baptised 17th April, 1704
(a) ; buried 25th May, 1705 (a).
I I I
Elizabeth, baptised 15th Jun
Frances, baptised nth Dec,
Eleanor, baptised l6th April
e, 1693 (a); living 1709.
1695 (a) ; buried 7th Nov., 1727 (a).
1697 (a) ; living 1709.
William Ord of Sturton Grange and of
Newbrough, only son, born 17th
March, 1730/1 (a) ; died at New-
brough, 29th Dec, 1 801 (/) (//) ;
will dated 26th July, 1796 ({-).
Mary, daughter of Jasper Gibson of
Stonecroft ; married at Warden,
nth Sept., 1764; died 22nd
Sept., 1774 W-
I
Elizabeth, born 19th April, 1732 (a) ;
died 29th Jan., 1756 (//) ; adminis-
tration of personal estate. iSth
Nov. 1756, granted to her brother
William C?).'
(a) War/^wortk Regislej ,
(i) Surtees, Durham, iv. p. ng.
(c) /Register of St. John's, Newcastle.
id') Weldon, Notes 0/ English Confs. Ord. S.B.
{e) Sharp MSS. vol. 73.
(/) Newcastle Courant, 2nd June, 1 802.
ig) Mr. John LiddcU's Deeds.
(y4) M.I., Warden.
(0 M.I., Ovingham.
(k) Raine, Test. Dun,
(7) Durham Probate Registry,
Evidences to Ord Pedigree.
1660, i6th April. Feoffment with livery of seisin made between Eleanor Ord of Prudhoe, widow, and William
Ord of the same place, gentleman, of the first part ; Edward Widdiington of Blankney, esq., George Selby of White-
house, esq., Charles Selby of Winlaton, gent., of the second part ; and Ralph Bowes of Newcastle, gent., and John
Errington of Hexham, gent., of the third part. A settlement to secure a jointure to Elizabeth, wife of William Ord,
and to settle the estate upon their eldest son William, in tail male ; remainder to their second son, George, etc. Mr.
John Liddell's Deeds.
248 WARKWORTH PARISH.
1729, 26th Novenil'cr. Settlement before the niarri;>ge of Richard OrJ with Eliznbcth Wiiham. John Maire,
gent., William Coulter, gent., trustees. In consideration of a marriage portion of a ;^"l,coo, a jointure of ;f 100 a year
is secured to her and a charge of ;f 1,500 secured upon the estate in favour of the younger children of the marriage,
Mr. John Liddell's Deeds.
1796,26th July. Will of William Ord (codicil, dated 23rd .\ugust, 1796). My manor and lands of Sturton
Grange to Jasper Gibson of Stonecroft, eldest son of my brother-in-law, Thomas Gibson, deceased, subject to legacies
and annuities. To George Gibson, brother of the said Jasper, now an apprentice in Newcastle, ;^i,ooo ; to
Margaret, wife of John Gibson of Beacon-house, near Hexham, ;^i,50o; to my brother-in-law, James Gibson of
Hexham, s.adler, ;f 10 per annum ; to the said James Gibson's children, ;^250 ; to Ann Gibson, daughter of the late
Jasper Gibson, attorney-at-law, of Hexham, ;^'50 ; to Thomas Jefferson, son of Doctor Thomas Jefferson of Hexham,
;^50. Proved at York. Mr. John Liddell's Deeds.
The southern part of the township, known as Sturton Grange South Side,
comprising 412 acres, was sold off by William Ord, and on the 12th of May,
1796, conveyed to Thomas Dodds of Shoreswood ;' it was resold on the i ith
of November, 1820, by Nathaniel Dodds" to Joseph Fenwick of Ellington.^
Mr. Joseph Fenwick died in 1830, and gave it to his nephew, William Jelfrey,
who thereupon assumed the name of Fenwick; he died in i860, without
issue, and was succeeded in this and other estates by his nephew, Mr.
Joseph Jeffrey, who also assumed the name of Fenwick. To the latter's
grandson, Mr. Reginald Fenwick, Sturton Grange South Side now belongs.
On the 30th of October, 1701, William Ord of Sturton Grange entered
into articles of agreement with John Cook of Togston for the sale of the
messuage, farmhold, etc., commonly known as Eastfield-house, now designated
Sturton Grange Eastfield, with the lands thereto belonging, a close called the
Well-spring or Windmill-flat, a parcel of ground called the East-side of the
Broad-meadow letch, all in the occupation of Ralph Mow and the executors
of George Tate, together with the water corn mill, etc' The considera-
tion was /i,52i los., and the conveyance was completed in the following
vear.^
The heirs and representatives of John Cook, in 1792, sold Eastfield to
Thomas Carr of Eshott for ;^8,500, but he dying shortly afterwards, the
estate was resold for the same sum by his trustees, and on the 12th of
September, 1795, conveyed to Nicholas Appleby, who, with his father,
Thomas Appleby, had for some years previous occupied the farm as tenants.
' To be sold, Sturton Grange .South Side, comprising 412 acres. Apply to Mr. Dodds, South Side,
or to Mr. Lambert, Alnwick. Newcastle Courant, January, 1820.
- Nathaniel Dodds brought from Unthank, near Scremerston, and erected at South Side the first steam
threshing machine used in Warkworth parish. ' Mr. Reginald Fenwick's Title Deeds.
* The estate of Sturton Grange Eastfield originally comprised 272 acres, of which 4 acres have been
taken by the North Eastern l^ailway Company on which to build Warkworth railway station,
' The Rev. James Strothers Deeds and Mr. John Liddell's Deeds.
TOWNSHIP OF STURTON CRANGE.
249
COOK OF EASTFIELD.
John Cook of Sturton Grar.ge Kastfield, =ecoinl son of
John Cook of Togston, born 20ih Sept., 1 692 ; baptised
3rd Jan., 1692/3 (a) ; buried 131(1 July, 1764 (u) ; will
dated 25th Nov., 1758 ; proved 1764 (c) (;)•
Deborah, daughter of Capt. Henry Whitehead of Roulmer ;
bond of marriage, 22nd April, 171S; married at I.ong-
houghton, ..., May, 1718 ; died at Warkworth ; buried
30th July, 1767 (rt).
John Cook of East- = [? Elizabeth
field, baptised
7th May, 1719
(a) ; buried 25ih
Jan., 1777 (-7) ;
administration
to his personal
estate granted
to his widow,
Feb., 1777 (;).
I-indsay ;
married
nth
Feb.,
1766
Henry Cook Margaret = John Cook, master and mariner, fourth son of
of Cook, bap. Edward Cook of filakcmoor ; in 1775 of Little
.Alnmouth, 3rd Oct., Mill (<•) ; in 17S5 of Alnwick, [lie remarried
baptiseti 1721 («) ; Frances Beaumont of I.onghougiiton, 3rd July,
17th Oct., mar. 3rd | 17S3 (/) ; she died at Belford, and was buried
1723 (n) ; Jflyi '75° I iit Longhoughton. 27th Dec, 1799, aged 77
buried 9th (a); died (/)•] Died at .Alnwick; buried in Warkworth
Dec, 1774 24th June, church, i8th Feb., 1789 (n) ; will dated 14th
(«). 17S2 Cf). Oct., 1786.
Sarah, daughter of Edward Snietha
Howick Pasture-house ; baptised
July, 1753 ; married at Howick,
Sept., 177S ; living 1792.
m of
31st
29th
Edward Cook of Southwick, sometime of Tit-
lington, eldest son ; was party to the sale
of Eastfield in 1792 ; afterwards of Blake-
moor [? born at Warliworth ; baptised 26th
Dec, 1753 (a)] ; dead before 1S24 ; s./i
Elizabeth, daughter of
John Lawson of Old
Moor ; married at
Bothal. 1 8th March,
1813.
John Cook of London,
where he was upon
the Coal E,xchange
[pbaplised nth April,
176S (ff)] ; executor
to father's will and
party to the sale of
Eastfield in 1792.
Dorothy,
George Cook =
Ma
ry
Henry
daughter
of Alnwick ;
M
aule.
bap.
of
in 1792 party
1 6th
Smetham,
to sale of
July,
cousin to
Eastfield ;
1771
Sarah,
died s./>.
(«).
wife of
"?bap. 13th
Edward
A'ov., 1761
Cook
(«)].
.11
Margaret Cook ; married firstly, at
Alnwick, 6th Jan., 1784, George
Selby of Beal and Twizel hou?e,
and secondly, at Bamburgh, 4th
Jan., 1806, Matson Dodd, rector
of Ingram.
Ann, baptised 8th May, 1769 («);
married Ralph Patterson of Mid-
dleton, near Belford. -i-
John William Cook of London, after-
wards of Reading ; died s.p.
Sarah ; died s./>.
I
Maigaret ; married Edward Bennett, prothonotary
of Court of Common Pleas, son of ... Bennett of
Morpeth. She died at Reading, s.fi.
Ann Cook, baptised = Thomas Storrer
4th April, 1728 of Rothbury.
(«) ; married
nth July, 1753
I
Deborah Cook, baptised
25th Sept., 1735 (a) ;
died at Newham ;
buried 29th March,
1778 («).
Edward Cook of Newham ; in 1775 of Togston (/) ;
in 1785 of Rothbury {e} ; believed to have been
the third son of Edward Cook of Togston and
Mary Brandling his wife ; will dated ... ; execu-
tors, his son John Cook and Thomas Storrer.
Edward Cook of North
Shields, master and
mariner, eldest son ;
born at Eastfield ; bap-
tised Njv. loth, 1756
(rt) ; party to the sale of
Eastfield in 1792 [?died
at Rothbury, Aug.,
1797 W]-
I
John Cook of Pres-
ton, near North
Shields, bap. ... ;
party to the sale
of Eastfield in
1792 ; died in
the West Indies,
13th June, 1794,
aged 35.
Theodosia, dau.
of John Hearn
of Low Lights,
shipbuilder ;
mar. 5th Oct.,
1786 (/O; died
2ndSept.,i8o5,
aged 42 (/,).
I I I
Ralph Cook of North
Shields, mariner ; dead
before 1792.
Henrv Cook of North
Shields, bap ; party to
sale of Eastfield in 1792.
Thomas Cook of North
Shields ; mariner in
1792.
Ill .
Ann, baptised ... ;
in 1792 of Bishop
Auckland.
Deborah ; bur. 22nd
May, 1776 00.
Mary ; died at Aln-
wick ; buried 29th
Nov., 1778 (rt).
I
John Hearn Cook,
son ; married
Dec, 1814 (//).
only
15th
Margaret, daughter of John
Hallowell of North
Shields; died 13th Sept.,
1830, aged 38.
I
Theodosia; married i6th Sept., 1S15,
Henry Randolph Scott (/;).
Jane; married ... Castles ; living s.p.
1831.
Theodosia Cook, only child ; living 1831.
(a') Warku'orlh Register,
(c) Rev. Jas. Strother's Deeds.
id^ Nevjcast/e Cpurani^ 26th Aug., 1797.
(,-) Abstract of Title in the Rev. John
Hodgson's Collection.
(/) Longhoughton Register.
(f) Nicholas Brown's Diary.
(h) T\ntmouth Register.
(I) Ihtihavi Rrotiate Registry.
EvinENCES TO Cook Pedigree.
1781. To be sold the farm stock at Titlington, belonging to Mr. Edward Cook. Keucastle Journal, 7th
April, 17S1.
Vol. \', 32
250 WARKWORTH PARISH.
1786, 14th Oct. Will of John Cook of Alnwick. The estate at Eastfield to be sold. To my dear wife Frances
the interest of ,^600. To my son. John Cook of London, /500. To George Selby, the husband of my daughter
Marj;aret, ,^200, he having already received ./"lOO, which make the ^"300 which I intended. To my daughter, Ann
Cook, ,^300. As to my eldest son, Edward Cook, and my youngest son, George Cook, they having received their
fortunes, can only leave them an equal dividend with the rest of my children of whatsoever cash there may be
remaining. As I enjoy at present a farm at I.onglioughton, which I got by my present wife, I give the same to her
with the stock and crop and whatever portion of my household furniture at Alnwick she may choose to have, with
half a dozen silver table spoons, a dozen silver tea spoons, and the china and linen she brought with her. The ship
may he continued amongst my children, or turned into cash at their own discretion. From a copy in the possession
of .Mrs. H. 11. Blair, Alnwick.
Miss Margaret Appleby (sister and heiress at law of Nicholas Appleby)'
by will gave Eastfield to her maternal kinsman, William Johnson, of Hag-
gerston, son of the Rev. Henry Johnson, vicar of the two Bywells ; and by
his brother, Mr. Henry Johnson of London, it was sold in 1858 for ;^i 5,500
to Mr. Anthony Strother (then of Shooter's-hill, Kent, but of a Northumbrian
stock). He took down the unpretending but comfortable house," and in its
room built the residence, which, with the estate, has recently been sold by
his son, the Rev. James B. Strother (sometime vicar of Shaugh Prior, Devon,
and now of Newton Abbot) to Mr. William Sanderson of Gosforth.
The ancient water corn mill lies in the v'ale between Eastfield and Low
Buston. Its overshot wheel was driven by the united force of the waters of
Grange burn and Tylee burn, but it has been disused for nearly twenty years,
and the mill is now dismantled.
The earliest documentary record is the thirteenth-century agreement,'^
made at Wark in the manor court of Robert de Ros, between -Edmund of
Buston and the abbot and convent of Newminster regulating the multure to
be paid. Another agreement' entered into by Hugh, son of Gregory of
Buston, about the same time, recites that there had been and was an ancient
custom of grinding at Sturton mill.
After the dissolution of the monasteries the mill remained in the hands
of the Crown until the 13th of September, 1609, when, by letters patent, it
was granted to Edward Ferrers and Francis Phillips at the reserved rent of
26s. 8d., who in the same year sold it to Thomas Thompson. In the years
1636 and 1637 there were proceedings in the Court of E.xchequer brought
by Thompson against William Straker, Thomas Dobson, John James, and
James Crookshank, all apparently tenants in Sturton Grange, in order to
compel them to bring their corn to his mill to be ground. The following
are abstracts of some of the depositions taken in these suits :
' For a pedigree of the Appleby family, see vifra under Arklington.
- The old house was probably built by Nicholas Appleby, for there remains in the garden a stm-dial
which bears his initials and the date 1797. The present house was built from designs of the Rev.
H. C. Hingeston-Randolph, now a prebendary of Exeter.
' Newminster Chartulary, Fowler, p. 208. Surt. See. No. 66. ' Ibid. p. 209.
TOWNSHIP OF WALK MILL. 25 1
Thomas Dent of Newcastle, gent., aged 32 years, being at Wooden, 25th January, 1636/7, deposed
that on the iith Scptcmljcr last (1636) he served the defendants, Dobson and Crookshanks, with process,
who pretended that Mrs. Ourd, their mistress, was to defend them in this suit, and said that if she
would not do so they would satisfy the plaintiff for his damage past, and come again to grind at the
aforesaid mill as they used to do.
Robert Watson of Brotherwick, aged 70, at the same time and place deposed that he had known
Biiston mill for about sixty years, and that during that time the tenants and inhabitants of the
Grange did usually and occasionally grind their corn at the said Buston mill, unless the mill wanted
water. That the ' sucken' of the said Grange is all or most of the sucken belonging to the said mill.
Jane Wawby of Buston, widow, aged 50 years, at the same time and place deposed that William
Wawby, her late husband, was for at least thirty-four years before his death tenant and miller of the
said Buston mill, anciently called the (jrange mill, and had paid to the king's collector 4 nobles rent
yearly until about fifteen years since, when the plaintiff claiming the said mill by a grant from King
James, the said William Wawby paid to the plaintiff a greater rent for the said mill.
Thomas Johnson of Buston, aged about 70 years, at the same time and place deposed that for the
last sixty years and time out of mind, as he thinks, the said inhabitants have ground their corn at the said
mill and not elsewhere, and the tenant and miller used to lake moulter and toll for the said grinding, and
this he knows to be true, having lived all his life at Grange and Buston, both of which are but a quarter
of a mile from the mill. That no town stead or place but Grange is bound to grind there, and with.out the
sucken therefrom the said mill is worth little or nothing. That the toll and moulter of each of the
defendants' corn, have for four years been well worth 13s. 4d. a year in this deponent's judgment.
Thomas Palmer of Lynton, miller, aged about 40, being at Warkworth, 29th August, 1637, deposed
that he has known Buston mill and Sturton Grange for about twenty-eight years ; that he believes the
mill is built on ground belonging to Sturton Grange ; that it has always been called Buston mill, and that
it has never had suit or sucken from Sturton Grange, unless it were voluntary. Deponent knows this,
because twenty-eight years before, he was servant to William Wawby, who then farmed the mill of the
plaintiff for the yearly sum of £()■
John Henderson of ' Gilne milne," county Northumberland, deposed that he has known the town [of
Sturton Grange] and mill more than twenty years ; has never known any bakers or brewers in the said
town use the same as a trade or means to get their living, unless on some particular occasion, as a
marriage or burial, and only as long as the occasion lasted."
The dispute was eventually settled by the sale of the mill, which for
j^85 was conveyed to William Ord of Prudhoe, gentleman, on the iith of
September, 1658, by Henry Thompson of Newcastle, merchant.
Together with the Eastfield, the mill was in 1702 sold by William Ord
to John Cook, and it has since remained part of that estate.^
TOWNSHIP OF WALK MILL.
The township of Walk Mill^ comprises 127' acres of land and a single
house situated in a sequestered position on the left bank of the Coquet. In
1 89 1 it had a population of eight persons."
' Query, Gisne or Guyzance mill. 'Exchequer Depositions, 12-13 Charles I. Hilary Term, No. 8.
Ibid. 13 Charles I. Michaelmas Term, No. 40. ' Rev. James Strother's Deeds.
* A walk mill is a fulling mill ; a walker is a fuller. Heslop, Northuiiihcrland Words.
' Of this area, a detached close of 5 acres called ' Bowmen,' was, between the years 1850 and i860,
added to, and now forms part of the township or civil parish of Sturton Grange. Ex inf. Mr. George Tate.
' The Census Returns are : 1801, 6 ; 181 1, 6 ; 1821, 13 ; 1S31, 7 ; 1S41, 5 ; 1851, 8 ; 1861, 7 ; 1 871, II ;
1S81, 5 ; 1S91, S.
252 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Its earlv liistory is incliukd in that of Stiirton (xrange, of which it was
orij^inallv an outlying portion. Two of the Newniinster charters can rehite
to no other than this place, for they are licences granted by Hugh de
Morwick and Hugh de Morwick, his son, to erect a mill dam across the
Coquet.' After the dissolution it was in the tenure of Leonard Morton, and
was afterwards held of the Crown by Robert Jackson, as tenant at will ; it
was worth 66s. 8d. per annum.' On the 25th of March, 1 561/2, it was granted
for twenty-one years to Francis Barker at the yearlv rent of 53s. 4d. ; and
on the surrender of that lease a new one, dated the 27th February, 1579/80,
was granted to Tristram Fenwick and John Fenwick of Walker, gentlemen.
The premises comprised a fulling mill, with its ' greate brasse potte,' 12 acres
of arable land, common of pasture on Warkworth Moor, a house and orchard,
and the profits of the coal mine within the said 12 acres.'' It is not known
when or to whom this place was granted by the Crown, and though under
the description of the 'Grange Walk Mill' it is mentioned in the rate book
of 1663, it is not clear whether it did or did not then belong to the owner of
Sturton Grange.
In the county elections of 1710 and 1722 Joseph Straker of Walk MilP
polled for this place, and there are several entries relating to his family
scattered through the Warkworth parish register.' It was afterwards
possessed by the families of Johnson" and Laing,' and at the beginning of
this century it belonged to Richard Robson,** sometime an agent or bailiff
first to the duke of Northumberland and afterwards to Earl Grey. It was
' Nfa'ininstir ChartuUiry, Fowler, p. 200. Surt. Soc. No. 66.
'' Ministers' Accounts, 28 Henry VIII. ■' Pat Rolls, 22 Eliz. pt. 7, m. 10. ' Poll Boults.
^ The following notices are extracted from ihe register: 1677, September 30tli. 'Uxor. Tliomae
.Sir.-ikcr de East Cliivington ' buried. 16S4/S5, March 12th. 'Dorothy Straker de Walk Mill' buried.
1688, September l8th. ' Robertus Straker de Walk Miir buried. 1735, October 7lh. 'Josephus
Streaker de Walk Mill' buried.
' In 1748 Thomas Johnson voted for Walk Mill. Pull Book. 1782, 'To be let, Walk Mill, near Wark-
worth. Apply to Mr. William Johnson of Woodhorn, or William Johnson, esq., of Silksworth.' Newcastle
papers, April, 1782. 1783, 'To be sold, the tithe free, freehold estate of Morwick Walk Mill, 122 acres,
with a valuable spring of wood. Apply to John Goodchild, esq., of Pallion ; Messrs. Soulsby and .-Xubone
Surtees, Newcastle; or Mr. Fairless of Bishop Auckland, attorney.' Newcastle papers, 1783.
■ 'To be let, a farm commonly called Morwick Walk Mill, containing 120 acres, free of corn and hay
tithes. Apply to Mr. John Laing, .'Alnwick.' Ncu'castle Coiiraiit, 8ih Oclohcr, 180;;^. ' Mr. George Laing
of Longhoughton is one of the bailiffs of the duke of Northumberland; his estates are Doxford (since
sold to Mr. Taylor), Walk Mill opposite Morwick, and some land at Burradon. Sir David Smith's
Collection. 'Vice-Chancellor's court. 1824,6th May. Robson versus Thirhvall and others.' An action
was brought by Richard Robson against the trustees of Mr. Laing to compel him to join in the
conveyance of Walk Mill which Robson had purchased from the trustees to whom Laing had assigned
his estate in trust to pay his debts. Newcastle papers, 22nd May, 1824.
' In 1826 Richard Robson of Alnwick castle voted for Walk Mill. Poll Book.
TOWNSHIP OF RROTHERWICK. 253
sold in [859 bv his sister and heiress, Mrs. Margaret Tait of Green liill, near
Baniburgh, to Mr. Thomas Tate of Bilton, who owned the adjacent estate
of Guyzance Bank-house. It now belongs to Mr. J. I). Milburn of Barnhill.'
TOWNSHIP OF BROTHERWICK.
Adjacent to the park at Warkworth, and on the north side of the
Coquet, is the small township of Brotherwick, comprising 185 acres. It had,
in 1 89 1, a population of twenty-three." With the exception of the land
occupied bv the North Eastern Railway Company, whose line cuts it length-
wise into two portions, it now belongs solely to the duke of Northumberland.
The township is occupied as one farm, and contains a freestone quarry, from
which a large quantity of stone has been wrought for sale.
Unlike the neighbouring townships, Brotherwick is a manor held
directlv from the Crown by sergeancy or the performance of specific
services. It was granted bv Henry I. (1100-1135) to Henry de Hanvill,
the king's falconer, on condition of his paying an annual rent of half a mark.''
About 1240, Hugh de Hanvill^ held it in chief for keeping the king's
falcons ' William de Hanvill granted to the abbot and convent of New-
castle a licence to make a fence (fossatum) for a permanent division between
Sturton Grange and the vill of Brotherwick from a syke in the west part of
Brotherwick as far as the Grenegate.'' His mother was Avicia, daughter and
heiress of Richard le Masle.' She died before 1251, seised of the manor of
Brotherwick ■ and of fourteen bovates of land in Riplington." In a suit at
the assizes of 1256, William de Hanvill proved his right to his fugitive neif,
William, son of Hamon of Brotherwick."'
' Mr. J. D. Milburn's Title Deeds.
-The Census Relurns are: 1801, 10; 1811, 9; 1S21, 10; 1S31, 4; 1841, 10; 1851, 13; 1861, 7;
1871, 15; 1881,20; i8gi, 23. ^ Rot. Hunci. 2^<i\v. I. ii. p. 17; Hodgson, NoytJiumhcrlniid, pt. iii. vol. i. 90.
' There is some doubt whether this name should not be read Hauvill, but if Hanvill be correct, it is
possible that the family may have given its name to or have taken it from .•\nvill, in the parish of
Whickham. '' Testa de Nevill ; Hodgson, NorthuiittierUind, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 221.
" Neie)minster Cluirtulary, Fowler, p. 199. Surt. Soc. No. 66.
' Cal. Gen. i. 41, quoted Northumberland Assize Rolls, p. 13. Surt. -Soc. No. 88. By an agreement
made in the King's Court at Newcastle at Michaelmas, 1241, Ralph le Masle, for lOOs. quit-claimed to
Gilbert de Hanvill and Avicia his wife and her heirs all his claim in the manor of Brothwyke. Feet of
Fines, Hen. HI. Northumberland.
" Inq. p.m. Alicia fil Ric. le Masle, 36 Hen. 111. No. 23 ; Hodgson, Northiiniberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 43.
" At the Northumberland assizes of 1256 there was a formal action brought by William de H;mvill
against Richard de Houton and William le Masle concerning 30 acres of land and 4 acres of meadow in
Riplington. An assize of mart d'ancestor was summoned between them, and de Hanvill released all his
rights to le Masle in consideration of 6 marks and a half of silver. Northumberland Assize Rolls, 40
Hen. HI. Page, p. 13. Feet of Fines, Northumberland, Hen. HI. No. 128, ibid. '" Ibid. p. 38.
254 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Hv ail inquisition taken in 1274 it was found that William dc Hanvill,
wlio was then living, had for sixteen years past neglected to pay the rent of
half a mark reserved to the Crown, and that he had, moreover, sold parcels of
the lands of the manor to Robert fitz Roger, William Latimer, Thomas de
Elmedon, John Absolon and Alice, his sister, Andrew de Brotherwick, Roger
the keeper, Robert fitz Pagan, William the miller, the Light of the blessed
Marv of Warkworth, and to certain others whose names the jurv knew not.'
In the following vear the sheriff of the county, as the king's escheator, was
ordered to take into his hands the lands and tenements held of the king in
chief, of which William de Hanvill had died seised;' and in the same year
his son and heir, Galfridus or Geoffrey de Hanvill, did homage for his father's
lands.^ Geoifrev sold or granted to the abbot and convent of Newminster
a piece of ground adjacent to their manor of Sturton Grange.*
In Tiinitv term, 1284, Roger Baret and Constance, his wife, brought an
action against and recovered from Andrew de Brotherwike the third part
of a rent of 20s. in Brotherwick which thev claimed as the dower of the said
Constance.''
Brothh^vvike Suiismv Roll, 1396.
i s. d. s. d.
Summa Ijoiiorum Rogeri filii Osberti I I 6 unde reyi i \\\
„ Rogeii Campion ... ... ... ... 164 „ - 4i
„ Heniici molendinarii ... ... ... ... 0128 „ 12
Summa hujus villae, 60s. 6d. Unde domino regi, 5s. 6d.
Robert fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth, who died in 1310, was seised of
a watermill at Brotherwick worth 30s. a year," which, together with 3 acres
of arable land and 200 acres of moor, was not long afterwards granted by
John de Clavering to John de Wanton,' who, in the month of March,
1332/3, had a licence to acquire the manor of Brotherwick from Hugh
de Tirgwit ; the manor, mill, land, and moor were held of the king in chief
' Uol. Hund. 3 Edw. 1.; Hodgson, Northumbcrhnut, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 91. Northumhcylami Assize Rolls,
7 Edw. I. Page, p. 325.
■ ' Mandatum est vicecomiti Nortliumbrie escactori in eodem comitatu quod capiat in manum regis
omnes terras et tenementa de quibus Willelmus de Hanvill que de rege tenuit in capita obiit seisitus.'
Abb. Rot. Orig. 4 Edw. I. (1275/76) ro. 7. Hodgson, Noytliiiinbcrlaiid, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 283.
"'Rex cepit honiagium Galfridi de Hanvill filii et lieredis Willclmi de Hanvill defuncti de omnibus
terris et tenementis que idem Willelmus tenuit in capite,' etc. Abb. Rot. Orig. 4 Edw. I. ro. 17. (1275/76).
* Newminster Charliilary, Fowler, p. 199. Surt. Soc. No. 66.
'' De Banco Rolls, 12 Edw. I. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 681.
" Inq. p.m. Rob. fitz Roger, 3 Edw. II. No. 55 ; Arch. Ael. 410 series, iii. p. 104.
' The family of Wauton held the bailiffry of Bolax in the forest of Rockingham, and estates in the
counties of Buckingham, Northampton, Esse.\, Surrey, and Hampshire.
TOWNSHIP OF BROTHERWICK. 255
bv the service of pettv sergeancy and the payment of hall a mark ; in time
of peace thev were worth 40s. a vear, but at that time 13s. 4d. onlv.'
In 1332/33 John de Wanton paid a tine of i mark for acquiring the
manor of Brotherwick," and in the same or following year he was found to
have died seised of the same and of 80 acres of land and a water corn mill
there.' In 1341/42 Gilbert de Wanton, son and heir of John de Wanton,
deceased, did hoinage for the manor of Brotherwick and a watermill held
in chief of the king by sergeancy and the payment of 6s. 8d. a year to the
castle of Newcastle-upon-Tvne.'* In 1349 William Darrayns paid 60s. for
having acquired, without a licence, the manor of Brotherwick from Gilbert
de Wauton,'^ but William de Nesfield, the king's escheator, in 1359/60, was
ordered to give seisin of two parts of the manor of Brotherwick to Johanna
de Wauton, sister and heiress of Gilbert de Wauton, deceased."
In 1362 Richard de Buston was found to have died seised of lands in
Brotherwick as well as of lands in Buston and Over Buston." Johanna de
Wauton became wife of Donald de Hesilrigg of Eslington and Whittingham,
and with him, in 1370, obtained a licence to enfeoff Edmund de Hesilrigg,
Robert de Wycliff, clerk, and John de Feryby, with the manor of Brotherwick."
Donald de Hesilrigg died on the Sunday after Easter, 1385, leaving
William Hesilrigg, his brother and next heir, aged sixty years." Johanna,
his widow, bv her will made at York on the ist of December, 1400, left
' Iiuj. cui quod liainnuiu, 7 Edw. III. second numbers, No. 45. Writ, dated ist January, 7 Edw. III.
" 'Johannes de Wauton finem fecit per unam marcam pro pardonacione, etc., adquirendo, etc.,
maneriuni de Brotherwyk, cum pertinenciis et quedam terras et tenementa cum pertinenciis in Brother-
wyk, que,' etc. Abb. Rot. Orig. 7 Edw. III. ro. 29. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 309-310.
■' Inq. p.m. Joh. de Wauton, 16 Edw. III. first numbers. No. 15.
■''Rex cepit fidelitatem Gilberti de Wauton filii et heredis Jnhannis dc Wauton defuncti de uno
mesuagio et cjuaterviginti acris terre que vocantur manerium de Brotherwyk et uno molendino aquatico
ibidem quod de rege tenetur in capite per servicium sex sohdorum et octo denarinruni per annum
solvendorum ad castrum regis de Novo Castro super Tynam et idco,' etc. .'\lib. Rot. Orig. 16 Edw. III.
ro. 14. Hodgson, Northumbcrl.ind, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 317.
'■" 'Rex pro sexaginta solidis quos Willelmus Darravns regi solvit [pardonavit eidem, etc.] adquirendo,
etc., manerium de Brotherwyk cum pertinenciis de Gilberto de Wauton que, etc., sine licencia.' Al>b.
Rot. Urig. 22 Edw. III. ro. 46. Ilnd. p. 321.
» ' Preceptum est Willelmo de Nessefeld esceatori regis in comitatu Northumbrie quod accepta
securitate ab Johanna de Wauton sorore herede Gilberti de Wauton defuncti dc rationaljili relevio suo et
eidem Johanne de duabis partibus manerii de Brotherwyk cum pertinenciis quod quidem manerium
integrum tenetur de rege in capite per homagium et servicium custodiendi austercum regis et reddendi
regi per annum sex solidos et octo denarios plenam seisinam habere faciat salvo,' etc. Ahh. Rot. Orig.
34 Edw. III. ro. 3. Ibid. p. 326. Cf. Inq. p.m. Rob. de Wauton, 34 Edw. III. No. 63.
' Inq. p.m. Ric. de Botilstoun, 36 Edw. III. Hodgson, Nortliumbcrlnnd, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 80.
"Inq. p.m. Donald de Heselrig, 35 Edw. III. second numbers, No. ^2)'^ ^"•^' ^"'7- /'•"'• D'wald de
Heselrigg et Joh. uxor, ejus, 50 Edw. III. second numbers, No. 14. Ibid. pt. iii. vol. i. pp. So, 88. But
in the year 1377 Donald de Heselrig married Joan de Bredon, one of the damsels of the chamber of
Queen Philippa. Cal. Rot. Pat. i Ric. II. p. 11.
' Inq. p.m. 8 Rich. II. No. 21. Ilud. pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 253
256 WARKWORTH PARISH.
many legacies of monev and jewels to her frieiuis, her cliaphiin, and servants,
as well as to the convent of Yarni and other religious houses in Yorkshire ;
she specially describes one of her jewels as ' unum nionile (anglice noiiche),
auri, cum uno saphire in medio, et \ dyamand desuper et circumpositum cum
pereles et emeraudes.'' She died on the 21st of December, her will being
proved on the 31st of the same month, and in the inquisition taken after her
death, John Slauton was found to be her kinsman and next heir, being of the
age of thirty years."
Donald and Johanna de Hesilrigg's feoffees seem to have conveyed the
manor of Brotherwick to the earl of Northumberland, for it is included in
the grant made in 1405 by Henry IV. to his son, John, of the castle of
Warkworth, and other estates forfeited by the earl's rebellion.'' When the
survey of 1498 was made, two husbandlands in Brotherwyk were held by
Richard Ma.xon and John Nicholson, under a yearlv rent of 33s. 4d. ' per
plegium alter alterius';' the bailifts had entered in their accounts for the
year ending Michaelmas, 1489, the 'farm of lands and tenements in Brother-
wyk, leased to Richard Maxon and John Nicholson (beyond 5s. paid to the
king as fee farm of the said lands) 40s.'; and there is an allowance of 'farm
of herbage of a meadow parcel of the farm of Brotherwyk enclosed within
Sunderland park to the enlargement thereof, 6s. 8d.''* Richard Maxon was
dead before Michaelmas, 1506, when his widow, Elizabeth, is returned as
being 12s. lod. in arrears of rent," of which, in 1525, she still owed 5s.' The
' gersuma ' or fine of i6s. 8d. which the tenants should have paid in 1508
was still unpaid at Michaelmas, 1525.'*
In the comprehensive survey of the Percy estates made in 1567° it is
stated :
This towne of Biodcrwicke is nether partell of the lordship of Alnewick nor of the lordship of
Warkworth, but his lordship holdeth the same of the prince by grande serguntcye, as in the recordes
fiiUye appearethe; the scite therof is more comoditye to his lordship for the save-gardc of his game
there, yt ys profitable to the tenants for consideringe the remaine {sic) of a ccnstable in the castell
of Warkewonh (as moste requisit yt were) the occupations of the fermors of the lord's demaines the
' Test. Ehiiy. Rainc, p. 265. Suit. Soc. No. 4.
■ III!]. p.:i:. 2 Hen. IV'. Xo. 41. Hodgson, Norihuiuhirhiiul, iit. iii. vol. ii. p. 263.
' Rot. l\it. 6 Hen. IV. pt. 2, m. 10. Cf. Bates, Bonier Holds, i. p. 108. ' Cartington's Rental, 14-IS
Henry VII. Duke 0/ Nortliiimin-rlniuVs MSS. ' Bailiffs' Accounts, S Hen. VII. Ihid.
" Bailiffs' Accounts, 22 Hen. \'n. //)/'./. ' Bailiffs' Accounts, 16-17 Hen, VII I. Ihiil.
« Bailiffs' Accounts, 16-17 Hen. \'I1I. Ibiii.
' Clarkson's Survey, Duke of Northumberland's MSS.; cf. Earl Percy, 'Tlie .•\ncient Farms of
Northumberland,' .1 ir/i. Act. vol. x\ii. p. 7.
TOWNSHir OF RROTHEmVICK. 257
scite of the biowghc of Warkeworth, Aclingtoii, Over Bustone, S])ittell, and Birlinge, and the keeper's
dwellinge, with a small luimbrc of tenants in the sayd towne of Broddcrwic there can be no huntynge by
nyghte or by daye aboute the sayde parke (yf the same be not inclosed) but it wilbe knovven to the said
constable and keapers yf any regarde be gyven by them for the preservatyon of the sayd game.
The bounder of Brodericke, beginninge at Swaters-hawghe' forde weste by the foote of Bioderwitke
hille, and then up the letche called the Ictche of Broderwic to a marchc stone which ys at the heade of the
letche, and from thence northward to an other graye stone with a crosse hewen in yt besides the head of
Lee-rigg, and from thence northcward endclongc the mentyon of an olde djkc to a graye stone- which
hathe bene taken up and laid upon the dyke, the same stone is inarked lykcwisc with a crosse, albeyt the
dyke ys marche, and then north-west alonge the sayd olde mentyon of the dyke called at this dayc Brother-
wicke dyke to an other graye stone lyengc in the highe waye at the gable butt yatc, and then along the
Grandge dyke to the tofte gate, from thence downe the dyke of Brothcrwic to Houndcn burne, from
thence downe the burne to the pale of Warkeworthe parke alonge the pale to the water of Coquett at
Swaters-haulghe, wher we did beginne.
The tenants of this towne are verye poore men, not able to kcipe themselves in horse and geare,
althoughe such as have coppy are bounde to maneteane the same or else forfaite his tenure.
They have dalye ther cattell goinge upon Warkworthe common, which adjoyneth upon the weste
parte of ther sowthe field, by sufferaunce, without which they are not well able to lyvc, for in auntyent
tyme all the towne was but one tenement.
There were ' the scite of an old inantion house in old tyme ' and four
tenements. John Turpin held of the lord, a tenement, garden, croft, and
land, comprising in all i6 acres 2 roods, and paid the yearly rent of i6s. 8d.
Thomas Hodgson held of the lord a tenement, garden, croft, and sundry
selions of land, comprising in all 14 acres i rood, and paid yearly i6s. 8d.
William Beadnell held in freehold a tenement, garden, croft, with 70
selions, comprising 12 acres. Thomas Hodgson held a tenement, garden,
croft, and 41 selions of land, comprising 7 acres 3^ roods, belonging to
the church of Brainshaugh, for which he paid a rent of 8s. a year, but to
the lord nothing 'quia tenetur in elemosina.' There was a parcel of ground,
containing about three acres, called 'the tofts,' supposed to appertain solely
to the lord's two tenements, ' albeyt the other two tenants have nowe
• pasture in the grounde peaceably.' Possibly owing to the river banks
having been enclosed within the park, there was not at that time any mill'^
within the township, and the inhabitants were 'throwne to grynde their
corne ' at the lord's mill at Warkworth.
The surveyor goes on to say that the question had arisen, and should be
decided by the earl, whether a certain tenement in Brothervvick, which was
in the possession of George Carr"* of Lesbury at the time of his death, had
' Waters-haugh ford. This ford formerly crossed the river considerably to the west of the existing ford,
and just opposite to the south-east corner of Brotherwick township. Ex inf. Mr. George Tate. -' Still m situ.
^ But there are traces which lead to the supposition that a small mill may have existed on the
Brotherwick bank of Hounden. Ex inf. Mr. George Tate.
' For George Carr's very interesting will see vol. ii. of this work, p. 431.
Vol. V. . Zi
258 WARKWORTH PARISH.
been enjoyed bv him as appurtenant to the keepership of Warkworth park
(in which case it should be assigned to Hugh Finch, the new keeper), for it
was claimed bv Robert Carr, to whom had been granted a lease of all the
lands held by George Carr.
In the survey of 1585' the lands of the free tenants are more
particularlv described. Sir John Forster held one tenement and garden
lately held bv Thomas Hodgson, a close of arable land, 4 selions of land
situated to the north of the garden of William Beidnell's tenement, 8
selions in the South-flat called Brockescroke, and 18 selions in the north
field. This is doubtless the land formerly belonging to Brainshaugh chapel,
and then fanned under the Crown bv Sir John Forster. William Beidnell
held a tenement with a garden or croft, 16 selions of arable land in the
north field, 14 selions of arable land south of the I^ang-rigges, 4 selions
of arable land in Whyte-lees, 3 selions of arable land 'super le Lang-rigges,'
2 selions by the Hall-well, 10 selions in the south field, 5 selions ' nixta le
snake hole,' and 12 selions in the Crokes, formerly held by Thomas Pinne.
There were two tenants at will, viz., John Turpyn, who held of the lord,
by copy of court roll, a tenement with a garden and croft adjoining it of one
and a half acres, a moiety of a close of arable land near Brotherwick hill
and Watershaugh containing 3 acres, 4 acres in the South-flat, 6 acres in
the Whittelees and Lang-rigg, 2 acres in the Kirk-flat and in Key-butts,
with common of pasture. The premises had been previously held bv his
father, John Turpvn, and before that bv John Waght ; the yearly rent was
1 6s. 8d., and the fine payable that year was £.\. The other tenant was
Henry Hodgson, who with his tenement, garden, and croft held similar
parcels in the various fields. His holding had been previously held bv his
father, Thomas Hodgson, and before that by Kichard Maxon, and was also
subject to a rent of i6s. 8d. and to a fine payable that year of ;^4.-
On the 1st of April, 1595, John Browne writes from Alnwick to the earl
of Northumberland :
I have purchased for your lordship one of the three farms of Brodenvyck at a very easy rate, and
stand in great hope to get in the other two, all which, adjoined together and laid to your lordship's parke
of Warkworth, will greatly enlarge and beautify the same and increase your lordship's profits /^2o by
year (at least) for ever, besides the case of your deer and many other great conveniences which your
lordship could not well want, as in the plot' which 1 shall have ready for your lordship shall more easily
appear.'
' Duke nj NorthtimbeHaiid's MSS. - Hid. » .A plan or map. ■• Duke vf NorthiimbcrUind's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF BROTHERWICK. 2^9
On the 26th of xApril of the same year Browne again writes to the earl :
' I have taken order for the [illegible] moiety of ye towne of Broderwick to
your lordship's use for enlargement of vour lordship's parke and profits at
Warkworth.' And again, on the loth of December :
Concerning the purchasing of Broderick, I have gotten your lordship's two tennants, also Mr.
Bednell's, who hath a freehold tenement in it, to take other land for theirs of your lordship in exchange.
I know none fitter to give them than of those escheated tenements which in your lordship's book are
mentioned. There wanteth nothing now to be gotten but Sir John Forster's [M.S. torn] there, which I
think also may easily be compassed either by purchase or ordinary incumbrance, as I shall show your
lordship. How fit and commodious this is for your lordship I have heretofore told, and your lordship
may perceive the same by the plot of Warkworth park.'
The survey of i6i6^ calls particular attention to the fact that the copy-
hold lands were held of the lord by Lancelot Ogle, who also possessed the
freehold, having evidently acquired the church lands from the Crown.
Launcellot Ogle, gent., holdeth freely of his majestic part of the villag or town of Brothcricke, and
part as tenant to his lordship, whoe hath converted all the arable ground into pasture and dcnieth to dis-
tinguish his lordship's lands from his owne freehold, to the end (as it seemeth) to confound the one with
the other, which, if they should not be severed whilst some (especially one man that knowetli the ground
best) is living, it will be impossible (as it is thought) to divide them after. The particulars, as they are
enclosed and divided by hedges and ditches, follow, viz. :
Twoe houses and garths lying together, said to be freehold contayning
Twoe other tenements and garthe holden of his lordship, contayning ...
A. R. P.
Meadowe, viz.: Northfeild meadovie ... ... ... 50 2 28
Southfeild meadowe ... ... 34 o 34
Sume of all the meadowe ... ... 84
Pasture, viz.: Hounden-close pasture
The Toft pasture
South-close pasture ...
A.
I
1
K.
I
I
10
36
0
33
1 2
0
>5i
12
3
33
4
0
i8i
28
0
6i
Sume of all the pasture ... ... ... 61 o 385
Common and wasts : The town-gate
The common or moor
Summe of the common or wast ... 32 o 245
Total iSi o o|
George Whitehead writing to the earl of Norihtimberland from Nortii
Shields on the 29th of October, 161 6, says :
Right honourable : Your lordship may please to understand that one Lancelot Ogle his soone is lately
drowned, being of the adge of fourlene yeares.
His father did purchashe thre tenementes in Brodericke, olde rent beinge 33s. 4d., of poort- men,
ther dwellinge, and for the more seurtie tooke the coppies in his soone his name.
The soone beinge dead, I have mad seisure of the tenementes for your lordship, but he is unwilling to
take them by leasse, and hopinge of soome good frendes to move your lordship in his behalfe, he is
determined to make his repaire to your lordship to procure soome favour from your lordship.
' Dn';f vf Noi'lliiiiiihcrliimrs MSS. " Iliiil.
26o WAK'K WORTH PARISH.
As I am bound by dcwtie in this, as in all other your services, I must certify your lordship of
the trothe, thoughe I wishe the gentleman well. Tlic tcnenientes lyinge close togcather, ar well woorthe
^16 by ycare at the least. They lye close to Warkuoorth parke, and veric filt to be adjoyncd as a
parcell of denieisne therunto ; for your further pleasure hearein, that I must leave to your owne honourable
consideratione.'
On the 17th of January following, Whitehead again writes :
I have with much adoe compounded with Lancelot Ogle, upon the condicions your lordship told nic of,
for his lease of Brothcricke at trebble rent, which wilbe a meanes to bringe on many or all I doute not, for
he beinge nowe mad sure is bothe secret and honest, and by his example the rest wilbe reformed, for he
gives it out it was your lordship's due to have it, and that he was advised l)y his councell to yield himself,
and so hath promised me to persuade the rest. This course I held the best."
Nothing is known of the ' Mr. O.xenbridge ' who was rated for lands in
Brotherwick in 1663, but very soon afterwards the earl of Northiunberland's
lands were held under lease by Matthew Bonner, vicar of Warkworth, who
was apparently the owner of the freehold lands also. On the 8th of July,
1668, Matthew Bonner took out a licence to marry 'Barbara Bonner,' and on
the 20th of November, 1671, he took a lease of two tenements in Brother-
wick from the earl. This lease was surrendered by Isabel Bonner, and a
new one for the period of twenty-one years granted to her on the 15th of
March, 1692/3. Isabel Bonner became the wife of Thomas Fenwick,
fourth son of Robert Fenwick of Langshaw and Nunriding, and their son,
Bonner Fenwick, was baptised at Warkworth on the 2nd of September,
1700.' Mrs. Fenwick was dead before the i6th of July, 1713, when a new
lease was granted to Thomas Davison, yeoman, in trust for her son, John
Fenwick, then an infant under age. In 1735, on the ist of October, a lease
for twenty-one years was granted to Thomas Fenwick (who seems to have
been residing in London)^ in consideration of a line of /-130 ; the rent was
£6 13s. 4d.' An undivided third part of Brotherwick remained with the
family of Fenwick of Nunriding until 1862, when it was purchased by the
duke of Northumberland, the proprietor of the remaining two-thirds and
lord of the manor, from Mr. E. M. Fenwick,'^ of Borough-hall, Westmorland.
' ' 1616. Letter from Mr. Whitehead relative to the son of Lancelot Ogle, who was drowned, and was
seised of three tenements in Brotherwick.' Duke of NovthumhcrlamVs MSS. ' Ibid.
' Wiirk'ci'orth Ri'gisU'y. The Mitford register contains the following entry under the date of 22nd
April, 1702 : ' Bonner, son of Mr. Thomas Fenwick of Warkworth, buried.'
' Thomas Fenwick appears to have been Isabel Bonner's widower.
' Enrolment of leases. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
" The Fenwicks of Nunriding also owned Barnhill, in the chapclry of Brainshaiigh. The NewcustU
Journal of . . . October, 174O, contains an advertisement, 'To be let against May day next, lying at
Barnhill and Brodridge, near Warkworth, two very convenient farms, consisting of arable, meadow and
pasture ground. The premises are well enclosed and watered, and the houses in good repair. Apply to
Mr. Carr at Nunriding.' And the Newcastle Couranl of 19th December, 1 801, advertises for sale the
principal part of the oak, ash, etc., growing upon the several estates of Thomas Fenwick, esq., at
(inter alia) Barnhill, Lang-riggs, and Brotherwick, near Warkworth.
TOWNSHIP OF GI.OSTER-HII.L.
261
TOWNSHIP OF GLOSTER-HILL.
On an eminence to
the sonth and near the
mouth of the Coquet,
of which the terraced
sides fall away to the
south, the east, and to
the north, stands the
homestead and hamlet
of Gloster-hill, which,
with an area of 212
acres, forms a compact
township : its popula-
tion in 1 89 1 was 39.'
The mansion house,
which is sheltered from
the east and west by
clumps of ash, elm, and
sycamore, is a portion
only of a larger struc-
ture partly destroyed
by fire in 1759:^ it re-
tains several remnants of
its former importance,
such as a stone stair-
case, a vaulted cellar,
moulded and mullioned
windows, elaborately
' The Census Returns are :
1S21,
;i
1801, 21 ; iSll, 21 ;
1831, 28; 1841, 18; 1851, 45;
1861, 46; 1871, 38; 18S1, 44;
1891, 39.
-'On Sunday a fire broke
out at Glouster-hill seat-house
near Warkworth, etc., which con-
sumed it in a few hours. One
of the maid servants in saving licr clothes, which she did by throwinj; them out of yc windows, was Ijurnt
in returning down stairs. It happened when ye family were at church, as well as other assistance, which
was half a mile distant.' Ni-iccaslle Cuurant, 13th January, 1759.
262
WARKWORTH PARISH.
carved stone gate pillars, and walled and terraced gardens; the old bowling
green' can also be identified.
The earliest mention of the place is in a twelfth-century charter," by
which Roger fitz Richard (died 11 78) gave certain salt-works to the abbot
and convent of Newniinster, a grant confirmed by his son, Robert fitz Roger
(died I2I4).'' 'The place' or field 'where the water, which runs below
Gloucester, falls into the Coquet,' is now called the Goatses,' and the 'water'
retains its name of the Gilden burn. A
portion of this field has never been
ploughed, and the site of the salt-pan
can be discerned when the sun burns
the pastures in summer ; the identifica-
tion has also been confiimed by digging.
In the year 1856 an important
discovery was made in a field known as
Wallington Green, ^ ly'"o ^^ ^^^ west of
the homestead, through the upturning
by the plough of a fragment of a Roman
altar dedicated to the Svlvan Mothers
by the soldiers of the first cohort, who
must have had their castriun or camp at this place. The stone measures
' On the site of the bowling green there were found a few years ago two gold coins said to be English
of the time of Charles I. Ex inf. Mr. M. H. Dand, 1S98.
- Ni-u-minstcr Chartulary, Fow^ler, p. 211, Surt. Soc. No. 66.
'Ibid. p. 211. 'Sciendum ergo quod ab eo loco ubi aqua quae currit subtus Gloucestre cadit in
Coket, dedi at concessi eis quicquid terrae versus eos est, sicut vadit divisa per orientalem partem clusae
suae, et sic deinde sicut positae sunt cruces eorum lapidae usque dum praenominatur contra capud niagni
fossati sui versus aquilonem, et sicut deinde vadit magnum fossatum suuni et cadit in pul, el sicut deinde
pul vadit et currit subtus Gloucestre et cadit in Coket. Haec autem terra, sicut hoc ambitu continetur
a latere orientali ab aqua quae currit subtus Gloucestre versus aquilonem habet in longitudine Ixiij
perticatas, per perticam xx pedum. In medio loco ab eadem aqua habet in longitudine versus aquilonem Ix
et xiij perticas per eandem perticam. A latere occidentali ab eadem aqua versus aquilonem habet in
longitudine Ixviij per eandem perticam. A latere vero australi a parte occidentali ad partem orientalem,
terni sua habet in latitudine Ixviij perticatas per eandem perticatam. In medio loco lij per eandem
perticam. A parte aquilonari, xxj et dim. per eandem perticam. Et ut omnis dubitacio et dissensionis
materia et causa imperpeUiuni tollerctur, ad divisas eorum signandas et cenificandas positae sunt cruces
lapidae, tres versus orientem, et tres versus occidenteni. Praelerea concessi eis ad exitum suum duas
perticas terrae in latitudine, per transversum le Halgh, per antiquam viam suam, usque ad niagnam viam
quae descendit in Gildenes dene, et sic deinde liberuni ire et redire sibi et hominibus suis cum summagiis
et cariagiis, ad omnia quae necessaria habcnt in focalibus, et quibuslibet aliis necessariis, absque omni
disturbacione mei vel meorum per onines vias in tota terra niea, per quas ego et homines mei ambulamus.'
' Goat— a narrow cavern or inlet into which the sea enters — a small trench. To goat, to drive into a
trench, a term at golf. Jamieson, Scottish Dictionary. Cf. 'St. Cuthbert's gut' on Fame Island.
' The spot where the altar was found is near or upon a road, of which the remains may be traced, in
places, from Gloster-hill to Chester-house in the township of .Acklington.
TOWNSHIP OF GLOSTER-HILL. 263
14 inches by 18 inches, and comprises the capital and part of the stem of
an altar. 1 he mscription reads: and may be expanded
Matribus campestribus cohors prima. The ethnic designation of the cohort
is missing.
This township seemingly represents the glebe land of the rectory of
Warkworth with which Henry I. endowed the newly founded see of Carlisle.
As a possession of the church it would be exempt from military service, and
this explains the silence of the records of Northumberland as to its mediccval
history. It was the custom of the bishops of Carlisle to demise their tithes
and their glebe land in Warkworth parish to tenants,' on lease for twentv-one
years, renewable every seven years on payment of a fine. The leaseholder
in 1663 was John Palfrey," who was rated at the relatively large sum of ^^38
per annum, and before the close of the seventeenth century' it was in the
possession of George Lawson, who probably obtained it in marriage with an
heiress of Palfrey. He was a member of a branch of the family of Lawson
of Longhirst, which had acquired the lands held by the knights of St. John
at Ulgham, and was a man of business habits, philanthropy, and taste. He
was a benefactor to the town and parish of Warkworth, to which he gave the
clock of the parish church ; he also built or rebuilt the market cross, and
the still existing town's house, which served the double purpose of accom-
modation for public meetings and for a school, is due to him.*
The place is briefly described by Warburton [circa 1715) in the
following passage:
Gloster-hill, ye seat of Geo. Lawson, gent., is pleasantly situated on rising ground near ye sea,
where is a woollen manufactory, where are made broad cloath . . . druggets, where is employed some
. . ''' . . of poor indigent persons, about 30 are employed in ..••■.. 7 looms. JJelonging to
ye dean and chapter of Carlisle.'
' i6og, December. Administration of the personal estate of Thomas Scroggs of Gloucester, in the
parish of Warkworth, granted to Agnes Scroggs the widow. Durliaiii Pi-vbatc Registry.
^ The Palfreys were freeholders in Morwick.
' 1695, 14th September. Indenture between William Gibson, of Bounier, yeoman, and (George
Lawson of Gloster-hill, esq., a conveyance of premises at Amble. Ex Lawson deeds. Rev. John Hodgson's
Collection. * See above, pp. 168-182.
* £.v Warburton MS. Duke of Northumberland's CoUcctinns. Nothing else is known about the
woollen manufactory, nor can its buildings be traced. It is possible that it may ha\e been one of
Law son's benevolent schen.es and located in Amble. The estate belonged not to the dean and chapter,
but to the bishop of Carlisle.
'■■■ A word or figure left blank.
264 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Horslev, writing shortly afterwards, says : ' the ,i:;ardcns are reckoned
very good, and arc much enquired after by travellers.''
Tn 1732 Lawson was minded to sell his beneficial interest in Gloster-
hill, and caused the followinL; advertisement to be inseitcd in the Newcastle
Couraut :
To be lett or sold .ig.ainst IVI.iy day next, Glostei-hill estate, belonging; to Mr. George Lawson, lying
in the county of Northumberland, nigh Warkworth, being leasehold for 21 years, renewable every seven
years under the annual rent of 53s. 4d. payable to the bishop of Carlisle, and the lease renewed but a
year ago, a very good and well situated mansion-house, within half a mile of the sea, with handsome
gardens on the south and east of the house, a pleasant long tarras walk laid with gravel in the south
garden, with many other agreeable grass-walks, and planted with the choicest fruit trees of most kinds
and plentiful bearers, a dove-coate and bowling-green on advanced ground, with a delightful prospect on
the sea, exceeding good out-conveniences of stabling, a coach-house, barns and byers, fold-garths, a
stack-yard, and cottage-houses all contiguous and convenient to the estate, it being tyth free, and neatly
divided into closures, with quick-set hedges in fine order, and well water'd in all seasons of the year, the
whole in a complcat method of husbandry, arable, meadow, and pasture. -
Gloster-hill was not sold at this time, and George Lawson died here a
widower in 1738, and was buried, not at Ulgham with his ancestors, but in
the church of Warkworth. ■*
The following is an abstract of his will, with an inventorv of the
contents of his well plenished house :
1738, August 9th. Will of George Lawson of Gloucester-hill, gent. My real estate in the counties of
Nortl'.umberland and Durham to my trusty friend William Lawson of Longhurst in trust for my nephews
John .Armstrong and Lawson Armstiong. To my niece Elizabeth Lawson, daughter of my brother Ralph
Lawson, ^500; to my niece Jane, wife of John Taylor of Amble, £l; to Margaret Crooks, a relative of
my late wife, ^10; to Margaret Embleton the house she now dwells in and 20s. a year for her life. To
the minister and churchwardens of the chapelry of Ulgham ^50, the interest to be distributed to the poor.
To my menial servants los. a piece.'
An inventory of the goods in Gloster-hill house :
Three holland sheets, 10 pair home made sheets, 6 pair of coarse sheets, 2 pair ditto French cloath, i
pair holland pilebers, 13 pair ditto common sort, 3 pair of coarse pilebeis. Table lining; 2 tuels wore
out, 29 dyaper tuels, 6 kitchen tuels, 8 damask napkins, 24 fine dyaper napkins, 28 course dyapcr napkins,
30 hugaback napkins, 3 course napkins, 9 dyaper tea napkins wore out, 9 damask tea napkins, 2 damask
table cloths, 16 dyaper t.ible cloths, 5 fine hugaback table cloths, 4 coarse table cloths. In the parlor
chamber : i green bed, feather bed, bolster and 2 pillows, 2 pair of blanketts, i quilt, i pair window
cortains, i chist of drawers, I table, 2 looking glasses, i close stool, 6 low backed chaires, 2 pictures. In
the dineing roome : i chist of drawers, 12 chairs, 1 stool, i pair window cortains. In the kitchen
chamber : i brown bed, i feather bed, bolster and 2 pillows, 3 blankets and I quilt, i escrutore, i easie
chair, i elbow chair, 4 cain chairs, 1 round table, I looking glass, i close stool, I old screen, i table, 3
striped window cortains, 1 clock. In the green roome: 2 yallow beds, 2 feather beds, 2 bolsters, 4
' Horsley, Northumberland, edited by J. Hodgson Hinde, p. 27.
' Newcastle Couraut, i8th November, 1732.
' 1738, October 7th. 'Georgius Lawson, generosus, de Gloster-hill, buried.' Wnrkji'ortJi Register,
* Purluim Probate Registry.
TOWNSHIP OF GI.OSTER-HILL. 265
pillows, 6 blankets, 2 quilts, i carpet, i pair yallow window cortains, i looking glass, i table, 2 cliairs,
1 cliist in ye passage. In the cabbin : i brown bod, feather bed, bolster and 2 pillows, 3 blankets, i ciuilt,
2 chairs, i pair window cortains. In the far roonic : i green bed, feather bed, bolster and 2 pillows, 4
blankctts, i quilt, 2 looking glasses, i tabic, 6 chairs, 2 pair of window cortains. In the west garrctt: I
close bed, i feather bed, 2 bolsters, I blankett, i rug, 2 old chairs, 2 horses, 2 lint wheals, I nack realc,
I slab wheal, i woolling wheal, i quilting frame, i pair yarn windels, I chist with writings. In the passage:
I chist. In the east garret: 3 bedsteeds, 3 beds, i bolster, 3 blankets, 2 ruggs. In the new roonie: i
large looking glass, 7 cain chairs, 2 ditto elbow, i large oval table, 2 framed tea fables, i screen table, 2
pair window cortains, 2 cushions for the windows, g yallow coushions, 5 doz. of delph plates, 3 doz. jelly
glasses, 5 posset glasses, 2 water glasses, 3 glass decanters, 3 glass canns, 2 japaned salvers, 8 cupps and
sarcers, 6 cofife cupps, 6 jacolet cupps and sarcers, i cheaney tea pott, i slop bason, i milk pott, i sugar
dish, all burnt in cheaney, 6 blue and white half-pint cheaney basons, 6 odd blue and white cups and 6
saucers, i block tin teapot, i brass tea kettle, lamp and stand, 2 weather glasses, i picture, 16 delph
dishes, 2 large delph punch bonis. In the little parlor: i brown bed, feather bed, I bolster, 1 pillow, 2
blankits, i cjuilt, 2 chairs, i pair old drawers, I pair playing tables. In the dining parlor: 2 tables and 6
leather chairs. In the hall : i clock, i still, 2 ovle tables, I screen table, 2 leather chairs, i chist. In the
kitchen: 36 pewter dishes, 5 doz. pewter plaits, 9 brass candlesticks, i pair brass tongs and shovel, i
warming pan, 4 pair iron tongs, 4 shovels, 5 spitts, i brass slice, i copper chafein-dish, i iron grate, 2
hanck knitles (?), i pair large racks, 2 pair of forks, 2 brass and copper kettels, 4 pans, i possnet, 2 brass
morters, 1 iron driping pan, 1 iron pott, 2 yetlings, i pewter pint-pott, beaker and bason, 2 tin dreping
pans, I dish cover, 2 pye plates, i tin colender, 2 tea kettles, 1 iron girdle, I copper coffee pot, 1 pair of
stelyards, I feather bed, i bolster, I pillow, 2 blankets, i lugg, i plate dryer, I elbow chare, I flat iron, i
pair brass scalles, 3 sauce pans, 4 box irons, i furniss pott, i pair cranks, i pickle ring, 1 pewter ring,
I salt box, I forme, 2 tables, 4 chairs, 2 trevets, i tin candle bo.v. The plate : i silver quart tankerd,
I ditto pint tankerd, i salver, 1 1 large spoons, i soop ladle, I boat, i pepper box, 10 tea spoons, i pair tea
tongs. 19 milk tubs, 3 milk sceels, 2 water sceels, 2 churns.
Two lint wheels bought for and presented by my uncle to Bar. (irey and Mary Crook, 2 dyaper
napkins wore out, 2 hugaback napkins wore out, 2 dyaper tuels wore out, i pair of sheets printed, 3 old
sheets wore into raggs.'
Gloster-hill was again advertised" for sale in 1744, and was acquired by
the family of Watson of Newton-by-the-sea, who soon alienated it to the
family of Purvis^ of Bedlington, some of whom resided here, but about
the year 1770 the lease was assigned to Robert Band of Bedlington,
whose descendants subsequently enfranchised the estate. It now belongs to
Mr. Robert Band.
' Rev. John Hodgson's CoHation.
- To be sold Gloster-hill, a leasehold for 21 years, renewable every seven years under the annual rent
of £- 'jS- 4d. payable to the bishop of Carlisle, etc.; likewise to be sold a freehold fislicry in the river
Tweed, all belonging to George Lawson, esq., of Closter-hill, deceased. Apply to Mr. William l.awson of
Longhirst. Newcastle Courunt, i6th June and Sth August, 1744.
' 1763, January ist. Elizabeth, bastard daughter of Henry Purvis of Gloster-hill, baptised. \V(irk-
worth Register.
1768, .August 22nd. Meaburn, son of Lieut. Charles Barker of Gloster-hill, baptised. Ibid.
Ralph .Spearman writes. 'Gloster-hill was for many years enjoyed by lease by the Purvis family,
usually styled dukes of Gloucester, and was bequeathed by the last to her nephew, Charles Dalston
Barker, of an old landowning family at Earsdon (wlio took the name of Purvis), — a rarity — an attorney with
no guile. The eldest brother of Mr. Barker Purvis married a Scottish lady of some fortune; on his
death, which soon occurred, his brother and heir persuaded him to bequeath the lady her original
fortune again.'
Vol. V. 34
266
WARKWORTH PARISH.
DAND OF GLOSTER-HILL, HAUXLEY, AND TOGSTON.
Wli.MAM Danp of Canibois, in Bedlingtonshire (ir) =
I
James Dand of Bedlington (<) ; in
1734 voted for a freehold at Mor-
peth, where he held copyhold
lands ; will dated 22nd Jan.,
1744/5; proved 1747 (,g).
Thomas Dand ;
baptised gth
Nov., 1673
C').
I
Isabel ... ; = Ralph Hand of Low
buried Pasture-house ; buried
Sept., 6th Jan., l722(/<); will
I708((r). dated 1st Jan., 1 722;
proved 1727 (^).
Ralph, baptised ... Oct., 1706 (c) ; died young.
Jane Green ; married
at Stannington,
... May, 1710 (it);
buried isi May,
1724 (/5).
I I I
James,
William, baptised ... Mar.,
1 712 (f) ; died younjj.
Ralph ; died 2gth Mar.,
1750 (*).
I
Robert Dand of Bedlington, baptised = Mary, daughter of ... Tomlin
14th Sept., 1718 (/<) ; sometime of
Stanninglon, afterwards of Gloster-
liill, where he died 27th Aug., 1801,
aged 83 (//) ; buried at Waikworth
(n) ; will dated ..., 1798.
married at Long Benton,
5lh May, 1747 ; died at
Gloster-hill, 27th Aug.,
1797. aged 79 («•) (r/-).
I
Mary, baptised
6ih Dec,
1720 (/.)•
I I I
Ralph Dand ; died in in-
fancy ; buried 28th
Oct., 1757 (Q.
Robert, born 1755 ; bur.
1757 (/')•
Henry Dand, born at Bed-
lington; ba]i. 26th Dec,
1 758 ((5) ; farmed Line-
mouth and the Hurst
in the parish of Wood-
horn ; died at Gloster-
hill, 2lst June, 1842,
unmarried, aged 83.
Robert Dand
of Gloster-hill,
born at Bed-
lington ; bap-
tised 4th Oct.,
17&1 (.'/) ; died
i5thFeb.,i82i,
aged 58 ((/);
administration
to personal es-
tate, 2nd Feb.,
1822.
James Dand, sometime of
Chevington Woodside,
afterwards of Hauxley,
born at Bedlington ;
baptised 5th May, 1765
(/) ; died 2Ist June,
1S44 ; will dated 13th
April, 1842 ; ]iroved at
Durham,
1844.
35th Jnly,
Sarah,* daughter of
Brigneli Graingc
of Sunniside, in
the parish of
Whickham ; mar-
ried at Whickham,
9th May, 1803 ;
died 2nd Oct.,
1 81 7, aged 40
years (rf).
I I
Sarah, born al Bed-
lington ; bajJtised
6th Mar., 1747 ((5);
named in father's
will ; died unmar-
ried.
Mary, born at Bed-
lington ; baptised
29th July, I75o((4);
named in father's
will ; died immar.
at Hauxley, 1849.
Robert Dand of Gloster-hill
and of Last Ditchbinn,
born 22nd Aug.; baptised
nth Nov., 1S05 («) ; re-
sided at Lesbury Field
house, where he died 24th
May, 1884, aged 78 (/).
Dorothy, daughter of Cuthbert
l.iddell of Newcastle ; mar-
ried 28th Jan., 1837, at St.
John's church, Newcastle,
and at St. Andrew's R.C.
chapel ; died nth Dec,
i8Si,.aged73 (/)•
James Dand of Togston == Jane; daughter of John
hall and of Morwick,
born 8th Sept., 1807 ;
died at Togston hall,
24th Nov., 1890, aged
^i (/) ; buried " at
Amble ; will dated 3rd
October, 1890.
Tate of Bank house,
Guyzance ; married
1st Jjily, 1834 ; died
at Togston hall, 14th
Feb., 1894, aged 87 ;
buried at Amble (/).
I
James John Dand, M..\., born 1 2th
May, 1S34; of Christ college,
Cambridge ; clerk in orders ; in-
cumbent of Chevington ; after-
wards vicar of Ciiieveley, Berks.
John Tate Dand
of Amble New-
hall, born 1 8th
Aug., 1835.
Grace, daughter of
Ralph Atkinson
of Lilburn ; mar.
at Bamburgh,
15th July, 1869.
Henry Grainge
Dand, born 23rd
Nov., 1840; of
Christ's college,
Cambridge.
I J L
Maria Sarah.
Jane Eliza ; mar-
ried John Hogg
of Causey park.
Sarah.
James Brigneli Dand of Togston hall, born 23rd April, 1870 ; and other issue.
I
Middleton Henry Dand
of Hauxley cottage,
born 31st Dec, iSii;
baptised 1 5th May,
1812 («).
Kleanor, daughter of .'\ndrew
Thomjjson of Cavil-head ;
married 7th Oct., 1847; died
15th Mar., 1885, aged 82
I 1 I
Mary, born 17th .^pril, 1804 ; married Thomas
Tate of Bank-house, Guyzance.
Joanna, baptised 2nd Nov., 1809 («) ; married loth
July, 1849 (a), Ralph Gallilee Huggup of Haux-
ley, afterwards of Shoreston. ^l/
Sarah, born 27th Ma)', 1814 ; died 21st Jan., 1S45.
((/) \\'ari~woi/A Regislfr. (c) Stantiiiiglon Register.
(Ji) Bedlington Register, extracted by the Rev. James J. Dand. (r/) ALL, Warkworth.
[/) Family Pedigree. There remains in the Probate Registry at Durham the will of Robert Dand iif
Slikeborne, in the parish of Bedlington, dated jth November, 1 585.
(/) M.I., Amble. (^g) Durham Prohate Registry. {/i) .Amiile Register.
* Sarah Grainge was in her issue one of the co-heiresses of her brother, Middleton Grainge (died 1847) of
Sunniside or Gellesfield, Whickham, who through his paternal grandmother, Anne, daughter of F'rancis Middleton
of Seaton (her marriage settlement is dated 2Sth July, 1719)1 was one of the representatives of the ancient family of
Middleton of Seaton and of Silksworth. co. Durham.
TOWNSHIP OF AMBLE.
267
1
Robert =
= Anne, dausrh-
James :=
Maria
Dand of
ter of John
Dand
Hudson ;
Gloster-
Davison of
of East
married at
hill.born
Tritlington;
Ditch-
Jcsmond
7tli Dec,
mar. 1 8th
biun,
church.
1S37.
Oct., 1871,
lumi
I^lhNov.,
at Hebburn
2Sth
KS98.
chapel.
Jan.,
1843.
I I I I
Sarah Margaret, born 22nil Aug., 1839; married at Alnwick R.C.
chapel, 2Sth May, 1861, William Acton of Wolverton park,
Worcestershire; died 24th Sept., 1897. 4/
Mary, born 29th July, 1840 ; married at Alnwick R.C. chapel, ...
Nov., 1S64, Major William de Trafford of Pleremore, Worcester-
shire ; died at F.glingham, 20th July, 1891, aged 50 (/). 4/
Dorothy, born iStli Oct., 1845 ; married at Alnwick R.C. chapel,
4th Feb., 1869, Charles M'Cabe. vj/
Susanna.
Robert Dand, baptised
1 8th May, 1876 (/;).
Middleton Henry, baptised
4th May, 1880 (/;).
Hlcanor Dulcie.
Dorothy Liddell.
AVmii Mary Middleton.
TOWNSHIP OF AMBLE.
The town of Amble, which is distant from Wark worth about a mile and a
half, stands upon a terrace with a bow-shaped outline, and when seen from
the north or north-west, especially if the estuary of the Coquet is filled with
water at high or spring tides, has a more than ordinarily attractive appear-
ance. The sky-line is broken by the public buildings and the belfries of
church and chapel, while the eastern end of the town is occupied by the
harbour with its lofty coal staithes and abundant shipping. The township
contains the hamlets and homesteads of New-hall, Moor-house, the Hope,
and Link-house, and comprises an area of 1,218 acres.' There is a place of
the same name in Norway, and as a component part of a word it occurs in
Ambleside in the county of Westmorland, in Ambleston near Milford
Haven, and Amblecote in Staffordshire.
The prosperity of Amble and its existence as a seaport town depend
exclusively upon an extensive e.xport of coal obtained from the adjacent
collieries at Radcliffe and Broomhill. To this trade is owing the rapid
increase of the population, which in 1821 did not exceed 200, and in
1 89 1 was 2,975."
Though no camps or earthworks have survived the action of the
plough, a prehistoric burial ground exists on the links from which rich
results have been obtained. In the operations required to lay bare the
rock and to extend the quarry there, no less than forty graves have been
unearthed and probably many still remain unopened. Though bones
and urns are said to have been discovered at an earlier period, the first
recorded find was in the month of April, 1857, when a gale of wind laid
' Of this area 37 acres are detached and lie on the north side of the Coquet, the results of the violent
change of the river's course in 1765, and of the gradual changes which have taken place snice that time.
-The Census Returns are: 1801, 152; iSii, 155; 1S21, 197; 1S3', M7 1 i84i> 7241 '851, 1.04°;
1861, 1,275; 1871, 1,233; iSSi, 2,016; 1891,2,973.
268
WARKWORTH PARISH.
bare a long upright stone near the end of the pier, which had beside it a slab
forming the covering of a cist constructed in the usual fashion of four slabs
of sandstone set edgewise in a cavity dug out of the friable shale which over-
lies the harder rock. The cist, wliich had a direction south-east by north-west,
measured i foot 6A inches in depth,
2 feet 2 inches in width, 4 feet in
length at tht- bottom, and 3 feet
4 inches at the top. It contained a
perfect skeleton. King on its left side,
having the knees drawn up and the
right arm thrown back, with the head
to the south-west ; the skull is said
to have been verv low in the frontal
region, but with great development
i>f the occipital portion and with tlie
lower jaw of unusual width and length,
the teeth were regular and sound,
only one was missing ; the thigh bone
measured i foot 72 inches. The
bottom of the cist was covered to the
depth of about half an inch with dark
unctuous mould. ^ By the side of the
skeleton stood a vessel of the 'drinking
cup ' type, which measures 8 inches in
height, 7i inches in depth, and 5^ inches in
diameter ; it is ornamented in zig-zag scoring
alternating with dotted lines and upright or slanting scorings continued
over the edge of the rim."
But it was in 1883 that the quarry (which is situated half a mile south of
the spot where the cist was found in 1857) yielded prolific results ; they
have been described in papers read before the Society of Antiquaries of
London bv the Rev. William Greenwell :
It consisted of a cairn, made of cobble stones from the neighbouring sea-beach, placed upon a thin
layer of vegetable mould with clayey soil beneath, overlying the rock. The cairn had been about 40 feet
in diameter and 5 feet high. It was situated on the low bank there bounding the sea-beach, about
70 yards from its edge, and was entirely concealed under a deposit of blown sand, 9 feet thick, and
' Arch. Ad. new series, iii. p. 36.
' Catalogue of Alnzaick castle museum, p. 12, plate 14, fig. I (case C, No. 19).
A.MiiLE ' Dkinking Cur.'
TOWNSHIP OF AMRI.E.
269
^^nrrnrifTi'iiiii.ifflm'i'ii.f'fr'
r r r
A
therefore rising 4 feet above the top of the cairn. Though when discovered it was but a short distance
from the sea, it is evident that when first erected it must have been much further (hstant, so far indeed
as to be beyond the hmit of sand blown from the beach. That this must have been the case appears
to be proved by the fact that, whereas when discovered the cairn was buried hke the adjoining ground
under many feet of sand, it had been, wlien first thrown up, placed upon the ordinary surface mould
which had no sand upon it, and, therefore, must have been beyond the range to which sand blown from
the seashore extended.
It had contained, so far as I could ascertain, about twenty cists of the usual kind and several
deposits of burnt bones, an unusually large number of interments in one sepulchral mound. There were
also seven vessels of pottery, one of which I found myself.
I will now proceed to describe the cairn and its contents as I found it at the
time of my visit, when, though the greater part had been destroyed during the
work of quarrying, a portion was still left undisturbed, and when some of the cists,
though they had been opened, had not been removed. What I think, must have
been the central and primary interment had been contained in a cist sunk to a
depth of J feet 4 inches through the surface soil, broken stone, locally called 'rab,'
and solid rock. It had a direc-
tion west by south and east by
north, and was 3 feet 7 inches
long, 1 foot 1 1 inches wide, and
I foot 10 inches deep, being formed of four side stones
and a cover. The interment was of an unburnt body,
the head of which had been placed at the east end. The
bones were too much decayed to enable any further
account of their position being given. In the cist were
also a small bronze knife, now in the lirlti^h Museum,
and a 'food-vessel.' This, which has three perforated
ears, is 3J inches high, and I foot 4 inches in circum-
ference at the widest part. It is covered over the whole
surface, including the inside of the lip of the rim, with a
herring-bone pattern. The knife, which has been much
reduced in size by use and whetting, is I J inches long
and I J inches wide, and has three rivets still remaining,
by which it was attached to the handle. There was also
in the cist a small piece of flint, now lost, but which,
from the description given me by the man who found it,
appeared to have been flaked into shape. Upon the
cover of the cist, which was found broken through the
middle, was a deposit of burnt bones overlaid at a height of 6 inches by a slab of sandstone larger
than the cover stone of the cist, and placed at the level of the original surface. Just beyond the
east end of this cist was a small and rather irregularly shaped one, having one side about i foot 4 inches
long, the other being about i foot ; the two ends were closed each by a single stone. It was
covered by cobble stones, and contained the much decayed bones of a child. Three feet to the south-
west of the first cist, and i foot 3 inches above the original surface of the ground, was a deposit
of burnt bones, those of an adult, laid in a round heap, about 10 inches in diameter. Six feet south-
south-west from the same cist was a smaller one, lying east and west, 2 feet long, i foot 2 niches wide,
and I foot deep. It was made of four side stones and a cover, and was placed on the top of the broken
rock underlying the surface soil. There were, when I saw it, some burnt bones lying about it, evidently
not in their original place of deposit, from which I am inclined to believe it had contained a burial
after cremation. I could, however, obtain no distinct account from the workmen, except that there
was a 'pot' in it. This vessel, which has been given to the British Museum, is 5f inches high, 4JI inches
wide at the top, and 3] inches at the bottom. It is coarsely made, and in shape is something like a
270 WARKWORTH PARISH.
cinerary urn. On the inside of the hj) of the rim is a band of diagonal hnes, and on the upper part
of the vessel, for a space of zh inches, a hcrriny-bone pattern of five rows, the reniaininj,' pail of the
vessel bcinj,' plain. All the lines have been made by a sharp-pointed instrument.
To the cast of the cist just described had been two others, both destroyed before my visit, but which
the workmen told me were simiiai' in form and construction to those still remaining, and each containing
a 'pot.' These, now in the possession of Mr. G. H. Thompson of Alnwick, are 'food-vessels.' One,
which is rather roughly made, is i foot 3S inches high, 1 5I inches in circumference at the widest part, and is
ornamented on the upper part with a band of vertical lines, between one band above and two beneath of
inclining lines; the lower part has lines irregularly crossing each other and forming no definite pattern.
The other, which is better made and ornamented, is 44' inches high and i foot 6 inches in circumference at
the widest part. The upper part has nine lines encircling it, beneath which are three bands of vertical lines,
the middle one being placed between three encircling lines above and three beneath. .Ml the lines aie
made by impressions of twisted thong. Thirteen feet south-south-west from the cist first described was
one, the bottom of which was at the same level as the cover of the first. It had a direction west by north
and east by south, and was 2 feet 6 inches long, i foot 3 inches wide, and the same deep. The workmen
had no recollection of any bones, but there was a ' pot ' in it. Si.x feet north of the first cist, and i foot
6 inches higher than the stone which covered the deposit of burnt bones lying on the cist cover, was a
' food-vessel,' now in the British Museum, which almost touched the south-east corner of another cist, the
bottom of which was formed by the surface soil. It was north-east and south-west, 3 feet 10 inches long,
I foot 8 inches wide, and 1 foot 10 inches deep, being made of four side stones and a co\er, and having
the joints filled in with clay. It contained the much decayed bones of an adult, of which sufficient
remained to show that the body had been laid on the left side with the head to the east. On the bottom
of the cist was some charcoal, an invariable accompaniment of an interment by inhumation. Close by
the ' food-vessel ' were some teeth just traceable, and a little further away were remains of bones in the
same decayed condition, all indicative of the interment of an unburnt body, with which the vessel had
almost certainly been associated. It is ji inches high, 4:1 inches wide at the top, and 2i inches wide at
the bottom. The inside of the lip has a herring-bone pattern upon it. The outside has a band of
diagonal lines with four encircling lines beneath; then follows, for a space of 3 inches, a herring-bone
pattern, having beneath three encircling lines; the remaining space of 1 inch is plain. All the lines have
been made by a sharp-pointed tool.'
The above-mentioned graves were placed on the clay or natural rock,
but another grave which had a direction north and south had the bottom
formed of flat stones ; it measured 4 feet in length, 2 feet in height, and 2
feet 6 inches in breadth. Embedded in the sand, which had drifted into it,
was an urn standing at the north end, but in an inverted position ; it
measures 6 inches in height, i foot 8 inches in circumference, and 5 inches
in diameter inside the mouth ; the lip, which is 'i inch broad, has a single
cable twist line in the middle ; the neck has a zig-zag ornamentation, but the
lower portion of the cup is perfectly plain and glossy, having apparently
been smoothed over with some hard instrument. No large, but some small
pieces of bone were found.'
Ten years later, in an extension of the quarry about 60 yards distant
from the site of those above described, there was found a cist 4 feet 6 inches
long and 2 feet 6 inches broad, in which there were portions of the leg bones
' From Arcliaologia, L. ii. p. 66, revised by Dr. Greenwell.
- Described by Mr. G. H. Thompson. Hist. Berwick. Nut. Club, xiv. pp. 131-2.
^^j'A;^'^'^^,^"^v
^
Urns found at Amble.
Now IN THE COLLECTION OF Mr. G. H. THO.VirSON.
TOWNSHIP OF AMBLE. 27 1
of its former occupant, and an urn of tasteful desij;n but rude workmanship,
measuring 7I inches in height and 5I inches across the mouth. About the
same period there was found another urn broken and destroyed in taking it
from the grave, a portion of a brachycephalic skull, and a flint flake, probably
a knife, which measures 3J inches in length by i^ inches in breadth.'
Originally a member of the great Vesci barony. Amble was one of the
manors with which Robert de Mowbray endowed the priory of Tynemouth
when it was refounded and affiliated to the Benedictine abbey of St. Alban's
in 1090. In the apportionment of estates made in the time of abbot Richard
de Albini (died 11 19) it was agreed that the abbot and his successors should
retain Amble and Coquet Island, with the churches of Woodhorn and
Bywell, and also a pension of 30s. a year out of the church of Tynemouth,
but that no further demand should be made upon the priory."
Amongst the many estates mentioned in the recitals in the charter of
confirmation granted on the 28th of December, 1189, by Richard I., before
setting out for the Holy Land on the third crusade, were Ambell and
Hauekeslowe, but this charter haying been lost or mislaid, and an infraction
of the rights giyen by it haying been made during the king's captivity in
Austria, it was renewed at the Chateau Gaillard near Les Andelys in
Normandy on the 13th of Noyember, 1198.^
At the beginning of the thirteenth century an agreement was made
between Robert fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth (died 12 14), and Ralph de
Gubion the prior {circa 1209- 1223), and the conyent of Tynemouth to
regulate the service due from the tenants of Amble and Hauxley of grinding
their corn at the manorial mills of Warkworth. The produce of the
demesne (which comprised three plough lands) in Amble was to be exempt,
but all the tenants were to pay multure, and on the other hand, Robert fitz
Roger bound himself and his successors to find the convent with timber for
three ploughs and three harrows, to supply seven loads of firewood from the
woods of Warkworth, and to pay 40s. a year to the prior.'*
' Described by Mr. Ci. 11. Thompson. Hist. Berwick. Nat. Club, xiv. pp. 121-2.
" M.itthew Paris, \'ita Kic. Abhat. Gibson, Tynemouth Monastery, i. p. 42.
^ Recital in a confirmation charter granted 29th June, 55 Henry HI. Ibid. i. p. 61.
* Carta lie ninltnra tie AneliUl' et Haiclteslan-e. ' Kadulfus Gubiun pcrmissione divina prior dc ThuncnV
et conventus ejusdem loci omnibus honiinibus presentibus et futuris ad quos praesens scriptuni pervenerit
salutem in vero salvatore. Noverit universitas veslra nos dedisse et concessisse et hac praescnti carta
nostra confirmasse Roberto filio Rogeri et heredibus suis totam multuram nostram dc terris nostris et
omnibus hominibus nostris de villa de Ambbill' et de Hawkeslawe cum omnibus pertinenciis suis salva
nobis muUura nostra de nostro proprio et salva nobis multura nostra de dominico nostro trium
carucatarum tene in .XmbljiH'. Habcndam et tcncndam sibi et heredibus suis de nobis et successoribus
272
WARKWORTH PARISH.
On the 13th of November, 1280, an enquiry was ordered concerning the
seizure at Amble of the ship of Stephen of Frisem.'
In tlie taxation of Pope Nichohis in I2g2, the prior and convent held in
Anebell two carucates of land worth (after deducting an annual expenditure
of 2 IS.) 42s., rents paid in money, 46s. yd., a rent-charge arising in Wark-
worth, 40s., and a similar payment from Hauxley of 45s. lod. ; thev also
received from Amble 42 quarters of malt or barley, worth at 2s. 6d. a
quarter, /"5 5s.'' Shortly afterward the abbot of St. Alban's and the prior
of Tvnemouth were required to prove their rights as against the king to sea
wreck and free warren in Amble and Hauxley, and the amercements of the
tenants there ; they entered an appearance before the king's justices at
Newcastle, on the i8th of June (?) 1293.'
In 1295 the demesne lands in Amble were found to comprise 44^ acres
in the South-flat, 30 acres in the East-flat, 15^ acres in the West -flat, 7 acres
in the Crooks, 16 acres in the flats at the Hope, 30 acres in Gonuldes Cross,
and 23 acres in Dolakelawe, 2i roods in the Syket-meadow at the North
side Hope, 3 roods in the Syket-meadow under Gonuldes Cross, 6 acres
in the West-mede at Blaklawe, H acres in the East-mede, and 20 acres in
the Strother.* There were eighteen tenants who asserted that they were
freeholders (tenantes per se ut dicunt libere), and there were also twenty-
two bond tenants who amongst them held 465 acres of land.
Anbelle Tenants claiming to be Freeholders, 1295 :»
A. R.
Nicholaus
Henricus filius Simonis
Simon Trottyng
Willelmus Lond
Nicholaus filius fabri
Randulfus filius Galfridi
Willelmus Wanpayn
Alicia Gune filia
Asplyun faber
nostris jure hereditario bene et in pace libere et quiete et honorifice inperpetuum. Reddendo inde
annuatim nobis et successoribus nostris ipse et heredes sui quadraginta solidos ad duos terminos scilicet
XX solidos ad festuni sancti Johannis IJaptistae et viginti solidos ad festum sancti Martini proximo
sequens. Inveniet eciani idem Robertus et heredes sui nobis et successoribus nostris meremium ad tres
carucas et ad tres hercias et septem carectatas bosci ad focum nostrum de bosco suo capicnda et
habenda annuatim ubi ipse et heredes sui ceperint eas apud Werkeworth, ad usus suos pro oinni servicio
et consuetudine et exaccione et demanda. Et ut haec donacio nostra rata sit et inconcussa eani sigilli nostri
municione coroboravimus. Hiis testibus,' etc. Percy Cli.irtulary, M. 112 a.
' Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 206. - Ibid. Gibson, Tynemouth Monastery, i. pp. 117-118.
^ Placita de Quo Warranto Rolis, 21 Edw. I.; Hodgson, Northtimbertund, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 149;
Tvnemouth Chartulary, {o\. 193. Placita coram rege, Pasch. 21 Edw. I. rot. xv. ; Gibson, Tynemouth, \. p. 114.
* Tynemouth Chartulary, folios 4, 6. ' Ibid, folio 6 b.
A.
26
R.
0
Adam Newbond
A.
5
R.
2
29
18
6
I
0
0
Johannes le Lepol
Robertus filius Hytred
Willelmus filius Walteri ...
->
3
0
6
9
0
0
Juliana Leysyns
Adam filius Petri ...
I
3
0
I
2
Alicia filia Randolfi
I
0
3
->
.\licia uxor Lyalf ...
I
0
7
0
Simon filius Walteri
0
0
TOWNSHir OF AMni.E. 273
These names and quantities niav be compared with the contemporary
list of persons who were rated to and paid the foUowini; subsidy :
Amuici, Sri;siii\' Ror.i., 1296.
C
S.
(1.
s. <1.
Summa bonoiuir
1 Symonis filii W'altcMi
0
M
4
nnd(> \-C'X\
■ ii
Willelmi filii Willelmi
0
'3
0
,,
• 4
Roberti filii Hutredi
0
12
0
I 1
Roberti filii Eliac
0
1.?
0
y^
■ 2.i
Waltcri filii Rogeii ...
0
13
0
)1
• 2]
Ranulphi filii Hcnrici
0
13
0
„
I 2i
Symonis filii Ranulphi
0
IS-
0
„
I 2i
Ranulphi filii (kilfricli
0
IS
6
>5
1 rl
Thomac I'undcr
0
17
10
5)
> 7k
Sunima hujiis villae, £fi is. 8cl. U
ndc domino
lei;
i, 1
IS. oij'd.
Summa bonorum
L Nirholai (Ic Anihcl ...
... £2
17
H
unde rctji
5 3
In 1316 a ship Laden at Hartlepool with wheat, rye, and salt, and bound
for Berwick-on-Tvveed, for the sustenance of the garrison there, having
been driven ashore at the port of Warkworth by the attack ot pirates,
was boarded bv Richard de Thirlevval, Robert de Arreyns, Eustace the
constable of Warkworth, John de Aketon, Hugh Galoun, John of Lesce-
burv and others, who carried away the cargo and arrested the ship. A
connnission was thereupon issued at the suit of Richard de la More and
others, the master and freighters of the ship.'
Eight years later a ship belonging to certain merchants ot Bruges and
Ypres (John Robin being master), and freighted 'cum lanis, coriis, pellibus,
lanutis,' and other goods to the value of ^."600, shipped at Berwick and
bound for Flanders, was cast ashore at Amble in a storm. The master
and crew escaped safe to land, whereby the said goods and chattels could not
be called a wreck according to the law and custom of England ; yet Adam
son of Nicholas of Haukeslawe, Robert de Raynham, Roger son of Robert
de Raynham, Robert brother of the same Roger, William son of Thomas,
Roger son of William son of Thomas, Robert son of William son of
Thomas, Nicholas son of Adam of Haukeslawe, Henry de Rihill of Werke-
worth, Adam ' le taillour,' William Fox, Thomas Egly, Henry ' le
peschour,' Nicholas Scot, John Cokkebayn, Alan Alegode of Werkeworth,
Richard the grieve of Togesdene, William son of Robert, Stephen of
Togesden, Adam son of Peter of Anebille, Henry son of Robert, William
son of Henrv, Robert 'ponder,' Robert Batyn, John son of Simon, John
'le fevre' of Anebille, Hu2;h Wavt of Aclvnton, William Paynesman of
' Cal. Rot. Put. 10 Edu-. II. pt. i, p. 597.
Vol. V. 35
274 WARKWQRTH PARISH.
Aclvnton, Nicholas Mawsone of Newbiggyng, Alexander son of Elias,
Robert Shoute, John Hant, John son of John ' le clerk,' John son of
Juliana, Roger Botting, and Robert del Borne of Newbiggyng and others,
seized and robbed the ship at the vill of Anebille. The king, on the
petition of the merchants, on the 28th of March, 1324, ordered an enquiry.'
Two years afterwards all the ships of Warkworth capable of carrying
40 tons and more were ordered to join the royal fleet under the command
of John de Stiirmy, the king's admiral. -
In 1328 the twenty-two bond tenants in Amble paid for ' hnse-male,'
7s. 4d. a year in money, and rendered in labour, eggs, and fowls, ^5 12s. cjd.
(of which sum there was usually expended 20s. in charges). A pasture
called Vilkemer yielded a rent of 5s. ; certain meadows were let for 40s.,
' de forlandes dimisso diversis tenentibus,' 41s. 8d. ; 2s. was paid for abbols-
coth ; fifteen cottagers paid 12s. 2d.; 40s. was received from Warkworth
mill ; but the Scodewell fishing was unlet, and the cane-fish^ and the marsh
lands produced nothing.'' In the following year, however, the fishing was
let to one ' Batv,' a fisherman at Amble, for the large rent of £$ a year.^
About this period Richard de Tweng, the prior of Tynemouth (1320-
1339), granted several short leases of parcels of demesne lands. Roger, son
of William of Hau.xley, obtained 4 acres near Blakelawe for eight years,
at 8d. an acre ; John, son of Thomas of Amble, 2 acres ; William
Pikenot', 4 acres ; and John Allison of Hau.xley, 4 acres of land lying near
' Gunnildes-crosse ' for similar periods and at similar rentals.''
On the 1st of August, 1329, the last lord of Warkworth of the
family of Clavering issued an order to his receiver to pay to the prior
of Tynemouth the sum of 40s. due to him in respect of the manors of
Amble and Hauxley for a rent-charge out of the mill at Warkworth,'
' Rot. Pat. 17 Edw. II. ]i. 2. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, pp. 416-418.
• Il)id. 20 Edw. 1 1. Vtid. p. 467. ' For an explanation of the meaning of cane-fish, see \ol. ii. p. 40.
* Tynemouth Chartuhiry, fol. 61. '^ Ihui. fol. 160 b. " Ibui. fol. 166.
■'Johan de Clavering a William de .-Mwenton nostre receivor en Northumbr' salutz. Nous vous
mandouns e ch.argeoms qe vous paiez au priour de Tyneniuth' pour la rente qe nous lui deuonis de sa
moute de Anebell' e de Haukeslawe ceo est a savoir xx souz de ceste terme de seint Martin e xx souz de
terme de Pentecoste prochein suaunt de nos fermesissaunz de nostre molin de Werkeworth'. E prenez de
lui aquitaunce. E faites taunt qe le dit priour soit paie de an en an de la dite rente as termes avaundiz
ceo ne lessez. E ceste leltre vous serra garraunte. Done a nostre chastel de Werkeworth' le Jeocli
prochein devaunt la feste seint Martin Ian du regne le roy Edward le tierce apres le conquest tierce.'
' Licet contineatur (sic) et precipiatur in predicta comniissione quod viginti solidi de praedicto annuo
redditu soluantur ad festum Pentechoste tamen in scripto per quod dominus Johannes dc Cla\oring tenetur
soluere praedictum annuum redditum continetur quod idem annuus redditus xl solidorum debet ct habet
solui ad festum sancti Johannis Baptistae et ad festum sancti Martini.' Tynemouth Chartnlary,{o\. i6cb,
TOWNSHIP OF AMni.E. 2 75
and in February, 1330, the prior, beinj; al Amble, released a jiavnient of
;i nioietv of the same rent.'
On the Tuesday after Ascension dav, 1336, an inquisition was taken at
Amble to ascertain whether Adam, the son of John, the son of vSimon of
Amble, was or was not a nief of the prior of Tynemouth."
Henry Percy, the new lord of Warkworth, bcins; desirous to ascertain
the mutual obligation of the prior and convent and himself, caused an
inquisition to be taken in 1347 in which it was found that the tenants of
Amble and Hauxley were bound to grind their corn at Warkworth mill and
pay the fourteenth measure for multure ; that the tenants of Amble were
entitled to have in their town two hand mills, and the tenants of Hauxley
one hand mill, which they might use only when the Warkworth mill was
hindered by floods or in time of necessity. The tenants of both townships
were chargeable with multure on the malt paid as rent in kind to the
convent, but in case they were so impoverished by war or fire as to be
unable to pay that rent in full, then only a proportionate part of multure on
the malt was to be exacted. The monks of Coquet Island had their corn
ground free. The finding of the jurv was embodied in an agreement made
between the prior and Henry de Percy at Tynemouth, at Michaelmas, 1347.^
' ' Pateat iiniversis per praesentes quod nos Ricardus prior de Tyneimitli' recepiniLis de domino
Johanna de Claverin;^' per manus Willelmi de Ahventon' reccptoris denariorum dicti doniini Joliannis in
Nortliumbria xx solidos sterlingorum pro multura tenencium nostrorum in Haukeslawe at Anbell'. Saluis
nobis arreragiis annui reddilus quadraginta solidorum quae nobis et domui nostrae de praecedentibus
terminis debentur pro praedicta multura. Da quibus xx solidis dictum dominum Johannem acquietamus
per praasantes quibus sigillum nostrum est appensum. Dat. apud Anbell' die Jovis proximo post festum
Sancti Mathiae apostoli anno domini millesinio trescentesimo tricesimo.'
' Concessum est Baty piscatori de Anbell' et sociis suis habere piscariam eiusdeni villae a festo Paschae
anno domini millesimo ccc"'o xxix usque ad festum sancti Michaelis pioximo sequens reddendo inde ad
praedictum festum sancti Michaelis c solidos.' Tynemouth Charlulavy, fol. 161 b.
- ' Inquisicio capta apud Anebell' die Mercurii proximo post festum Ascencionis domini, anno regni
Regis Eduardi tercii a conquestu decimo, per sacramantum Adae de Haukeslowe, Roberti de Raynham,
Nichol.ii tilii Adae, Rogeri filii Willelmi, Rogeri da Raynham, Roberti filii Willelmi, .Adaa Perot, Johannis filii
Radulfi, Johannis filii Thomae, Rogeri filii Simonis, Adae filii Henrici et Roberti Hodd qui dicunt super
sacramantum suum quod .'Vdam filius Johannis filii .Simonis de Anebell' est natiuus prioris de Tynenuuh'
de maneno suo de .Anebell' et dicunt quod praedictus Johannes pater ipsius .Adae rccognovit se fore nativum
praedicti prioris de manerio praedicto in plena curia tenta apud .XnebeH' die Meicurii proximo post festunt
Sancti Michaelis Archangeli anno regni regis praedicti octavo et quod omncs antecassores sui fuerunt
natiui praedicti piioris et super hoc piaedictus Johannes fecit fidelitatem suam domino tanquam natiuus,
unde dicunt quod praedictus .Adam est nativus praedicti prioris ut praedictum est sicut onines antecessores
sin a tempore cjuo non extat memoria semper fuerunt natiui. In cuius rai testimonium praedicti juratores
huic inquisicioni sigilla sua apposuerunt. Dat. apud Anebell' die et anno supradictis.' lb'\i\. fol. 174 b.
' Inquisicio cnp{la} dc multura ten{cncium) dc A nhilV ct Haukcdaice. ' Haac indantura facta apud U'crke-
uorth' in festo Sancti Michaelis Archangeli anno regni regis Edwardi tercii a conquestu vicesinio primo
testatur quod ex mutuo consensu domini Henrici de Percy domini de Alnewyk' et de Werkeworth' et
fratris Thomae de la Mare prioris de Tynemouth' capta fuit quaedam inquisicio loco et die supradictis
super modo molendi blada tenencium dicti prioris de Anebill' et Haukeslawe ad molcndinum dicti
domini da Percy apud Werkworth' et super modo dandi multuram dc eisdem bladis per sacrament um
Ricardi Stacyman, Thomae filii Roberti, Hugonis filii Roberti, Hugonis filii Rogeri, Nicholai Skot', Johannis
>76
WAKKWDIMH PARISH.
At the end of the fifteenth century the earl of Northumberland used to
farm a portion of the corn tithes of the rectory of \N^ark worth for tiie
provision of his household. At Michaelmas, 1472, Robert Brown and
William Cowyke were each allowed 3s. 4d. for collecting; the titlie sheaves
of Amble and Hauxley, and I2d. was allowed for three tubs of beer given to
the tenants there and at Hadston, ' nomine regard! ad decimandum insimul
totum granum ibidem.' William Hordon and Richard Brown were paid
Sutoris, Nicliolai filii Baty dc I5aty, Syinonis filii Haty, I'.aty de Birlynj,^' tenenciuni domini dc Percy,
Ko^'cri filii Symonis, Johannis Annotson', Johannis filii Thoniae, Kogeri filii Willclmi, Joliannis dc Crcsse-
weir, et Adae filii Hcnrici tenenciuni dicti prioris, qui dicunt super sacramentuni suuni (|Uod lenentes
dicti prioris de Anebill' et Maukcslaue dabunt de omnibus bladis quae molent ad niolcndininii dicti
domini de Percy apud Werkcworth' ciuintumdecimuni vas. Item, dicunt quod tcncntcs dicti prioris
apiid .^nbill' debent habere infra villam duo paria molarum nianualiuni et tenentes de Haukeslawe
habebunt unam molcm manualem sed non debent molere cum eisdem praeter quam in necessitatis
tempore vcluti si molendinum de Werkworth' fuerit inpeditum a molicione per inundacionem aquae vel
per glacics vel per fraccionem vel per aliud legitinium inpedimcntum et tunc si molant aliqua blada ad
molas antedictas dabunt ad molendinum domini de Werkeworth' antedictum quintumdec imum vas pro
miiltura bladorum praedictorum. Item, dicunt quod si molendinum antedictum fuerit inpeditum aliqtio
a molicione tenentes dicti prioris dabunt quintumdecimum vas pro multura bladorum suorum et molent
ubicumque voluerint durante tempore talis inpedimenti lej^'itimi. Et alio modo non debent molere alilji
quam ad molendinum domini de Werkeworth' antedictum. Item, dicunt C|Uod tenentes dicti prioris dc
Anbiir dabunt quintumdecimum vas pro multura de cjuadraginta quatuor quarteriis brasii quae diclus
prior habebit annuatim de praedictis tenentibus pro c[uadam firnia consueta. Item, dicunt quod tenentes
de Haukeslawe dabunt annuatim quintumdecimum vas ad multuram pro sex quarteriis et vj busellis
brasii debitis dicto priori pro quadam firma annua. Si vero tenentes dicti prioris dc .^nbill' et
Haukeslawe fuerint depauperati per guerram vel arsionem vel alio casu necessitatis emergente ita qnod
non possint reddere per annum tot quartcria brasii non debent dare multuram de brasio ad molendinum
praedictum durante talis necessitatis tempore nisi juxta numerum et quantitaiem quarteriorum quae reddent
priori per annum ita quod abreviacio vel remissio redditus dicti brasii non fiat per coIUisionem niter
priorem et tenentes suos sed sola necessitas causa urgente ut praedictum est. Item, dicunt quod nee
tenentes de AnbilP neque de Haukeslawe debent dare siccam multuram de aliquibus bladis nisi tantum
de bl.adis crescentibus in terris quas tenent de dicto priore et hoc secundum quantitatem quam contigcrit
cos molere de eisdem pro sustentacione sua et faniiliae suae. Item, dicunt quod dominus dc Percy et
heredes sui tenentur invenire molendinum et niolendinarios tenentibus dicti prioris de AnbilT et
Haukeslawe ad bl.ada eoruni ut prnemittitur molenda pro multura supiadicta sibi tantum danda. Et
est ordinatum e.\ assensu parcium predictaruiii quod si plures moles manuales quam tria paria supradicta
invcniantur infra villam de AnbilT ct Haukeslawe frangantur per ministros dicti prioris in visu et
praesencia niinistrorum domini de Werkworth'. Et si ministri dicti prioris per octo dies post monicionem
eis factam per ministros domini antedicti taleni vel tales molani vel molas sic supcrfluas frangere et
prosternere sine inpcdimento vel calumpnia dicti prioris et qui ea fecerint amercientur graviter secundum
voluntatem dicti prioris. Et nichilominus tenentes tnlium molarum superfluarum satisfaciant domino
dc multura subtracta. Et ut praedictc mquisicio et ordinacio robur tencant et firmitatem partes praedicte
partibus hujus indenturac sigilla sua alternatini apposuerunt. Data loco et die et anno supradictis.
Item, dicunt quod predictus prior et monachi sui comorantes in Coketeland erunt roumfre ad
molendinum domini de Werkeworth' et quod inolent blada sua propria ibidem sine multura secundum
quod plenius continetur in quadam indentura inter praedictos dominuni de Percy et priorem confecta.'
Percy Cluirliilary, fol. 124.
' Ccste endenture fait entre monsire Henry de Percy, seignour dc Alnewyk' et de Werkworth, dune
part, et Thomas dc la Mare priour dc Tyncmuth' et le covent dc niesme Ic lieu dautre part, tesmoigne
que come Rauf (Jubioun iadis priour dc Tyncmuth' predecessour le dit Thomas par sa chartre del assent
del covent de mcsnie le lieu grauiita a Robert le filz Roger ct scs heires et ses assignez tote la moulte
des scs tcrrcs et dcs toutz ses homines de la ville de .Anbell' et de Haukeslawe forsprisc la moulte de
soen propre et forsprise la moulte des scs demeyncs ccst assavoir des treis charuez dc tenc en la dile
ville de Anbell' au niolyn Ic dit Robert de Werkworth' com plus pleynenient piert par la chartre les
ditz Rauf iadis priour et son covent. Rendaunt por la dite suyle dan en an au dit Kauf priour et as
ses successours as toutz jours qarauntz soldz a prendre du dit molyn annuehnent as les fcstcs dc la
TOWNSHIP OF AMIU.E. 277
6s. Sd. for driving the two waggons employed to carry the said sheaves to
the hird's grange, being at the rate of 8d. a day between tlieni.' At Michael-
mas, 1474, the keeper of the granary takes credit for the delivery to the
household of i8 quarters i bushel and 2 pecks of wheat at 5s. 4d. a quarter,
and of I quarter 4 bushels at 4s. a quarter, also of 42 quarters of oats at 2s.
a quarter, parcel of the tithes of Amble, Hauxley, and East Chevington.
The barley, beans, and peas had not yet been threshed." William Cowyk
was paid 3s. 8d. for collecting the tithe sheaves of Amble, John Snape
3s. 8d. for collecting those of Hauxley, and William Cuthbert 3s. 8d. for
collecting those of Hadston.^ At Michaelmas, i486, the sum of 4s. gd. was
allowed for the carriage of nineteen waggon loads of white straw from
Nativite seynt Johan le Baptist et seynt Martyn en yiiere par oueles porciouns et auxi merym as treis
chariies et treis herces oue lapparaille necessaire rles verges come ils soleient avoir en le temps les
seigneurs Robert tilz Roger et Johan de Claveryng' et sept charettez de busclie por lour fouaille a
prendre dan en an du bois le dit Roljcrt ou il prent ses necessaires de merym ct fouaille a son oeps a
Werkworth' come plus pleyncment piert par la chartre le dit Robert fitz Roger de ceo fait au dit Rauf
iadis priour et as ses succcssours Le dit monsire Henry voet et graunte pour luy et por ses lieires que le
dit Thomas priour et ses successours preignent annuelment as toutz jours les avantdilz c|araunlz soldz
du molyn avantdit as les termes susditz le merym et le busche avantditz du bois avantdit en niancre
susdite, et que le dit Thomas priour et ses successours si la dite rente soit arere en partie ou en
tote a ascune terme avantdit puissent destreindre en le dit molyn et la destresce retenir tanque gree
lour soit fait de la dite rente. Et le dit Thomas priour et le covent grauntent por eux et por lour
successours la suyte avantdite al molyn avantdit al dit monsire Henry et ses heires as toutz jours en
manere come une endenture faite a Werkworth' par assent des ditz seignour et priour sur une enqucste
prise par les tenauntz de ambe partz de la manere de moudre et de doner la moulte tesmoigne plus
pleynement. Issynt que si la dite suyte soit sustrete du molyn avantdit et les dites qarauntz solidz
soient paiez annueUnent as termes susdilz as les avantditz priour et covent et lour successours ct le
merym et le busche susditz soient liverez et soeffertz estre prises en le bois avantdit en manere susdite
que bien lise al dit monsire Henry et as ses heires en totes les terres et tenementz chargez de la suyle
au.antdite destreindre et la destresce retenir tanque gree lour soit fait de ceo qest sustrete de la dite
suyle ou de la value de icelle. Et si cas aveigne que le dit priour ou ses successours preignent en
lour propres maynes les terres de Anbell' et de Haukeslawe que sont ore en les mayns des tenauntz,
ou en ascune autre manere deveignent en les maynes le dit priour ou ses successours que le dit
priour et ses successours soient tenutz de doner a taunt de multure des mesmes les terres que serront
par eux cotifier come les dites tenauntz donerent tant com ils tyndrent les dites terres en lour maynes. Et
si le dite priour ou ses successours soient destourbez par (l)e dit monsire Henry ou ses heires de la dite
rente par quynze jours apres ascune terme passe ou le merym et busche avantditz cjue por le temps de la
dite destourl3aunce les ditz piiour et covent et lour successours puissent retrere la suyte avantdile et que
par mesme le temps le dit monsire Henry ne ses heires neient poair a destreindre por la dite suyte ne
la dite moulte a leuer tancie gree soit fait de ceo que serra arere de rente merym et busche susditz et
adonque gree soit fait au dit seignour de la moulte que serra sustret por le temps. Et si le dit monsire
Henry ou ses heires soient destourbez de la suyte avantdite cjue le paiement de ia dite rente des
qarauntz soldz por le temps de la dite destourbaunce cesse et les ditz priour et covent ne lour succes-
sours neient poair par mesme le temps por la dite rente destreindre nen autre manere a dcmaunder
ne le merym ne le busche avantditz a prendre en la fournie susdite. Mes apres ceo que gree soit fait
de ceo que serra sustrete del a suyte susdite gree soit fait as ditz priour et covent de ceo (|ue lour serra
sustret de la rente merym et busche avantditz. En tesmoigneance des queles choses le dit monsire
Henry dune part et les ditz Thomas priour et covent dautre part a ceste endenture cntrcchaungeablc'nu-nt
ont myses lour seals. Donee a Tyneniuth' le demeynge proscheyn a])res la fcste seynt Michel Ian du
nostre seigneur millisme trescentisme qaraunt et seplisme et Ian du rcgne nostre seignour le roi Edward
tierce puys le conquest vynt et primere.' [No seal.] Dukf of Nurthiunbcyland's MSS.
' Ibid. Bailiffs' .Accounts, 12 Edw. IV. ■ Ibid. 14 Edvv. IV. '' Ibid.
278 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Amble, Hauxlcv, and lladsloii lor ihauhin^^ lor llic roof of the lord's j^raiiary
at Walk worth/
At the period of tlic dissolution of the monasteries there were fourteen
tenants in Amble, besides cottagers, apparently seven in number. In the
Ministers' Accounts of the year 1539, John Widdrington, the bailiff, accounts
for /.IS 13s. 6d., being rents received from twenty-one copyhold tenants for
their holdings, for a pasture field called Wylde-mere-mede and for a meadow
called Halle-mede, possibly parcels of the demesne lands; for ^"5 6s. 2d. for
the value of 24 quarters of barley paid in kind bv the fourteen tenants at the
rate of i quarter and 6 bushels apiece ; for £ 1 6s. 8d. for four score of salt
fish accruing from four cobles ; for is. for a cottage ; for 6s. from the fines
or assize of bread and ale paid according to ancient custom ; and for I4d. for
the pannage of swine ; making a total revenue from the township of
;^22 14s. 6d.'-
The tenants^ of the manor were less indulgently treated under the
Crown than under their former masters. In 15S0 it was reported that they
were so ' exacted by the queen's officers they are ready to give up their
holdings.' The rents continued to be paid partly in money and partly in
kind. Of the latter it was the custom that the payment should be ' delayed
till the auditt twelfemonth after and then of curtesie of th' officer yt ys set
at a grote a bowl under the price of the markett at Newcastle.'* This
arrangement subsequently fell through, and the payment of the hall corn-
barley, consisting of 24 quarters, was made by the tenants lo the representa-
tive or farmer of the lord of the manor, upon an appointed day on the site
and near the remains of the old manor house, by being poured out by the
tenant upon a great sheet and then measured up by the lord's representative.
This system continued until the beginning of this century, when it was
superseded by a money present.'^
There is not sufficient evidence to prove that the prior and convent of
Tynemouth had a cell at Amble, but thev undoubtedly possessed the old
' Duke uj KorihumhcrlamW MSS. Bailiffs' Accounts, 2 Hen. \'II.
- Ministers' Accuiiiits, 30-31 Henry VIII. Gibson, Tynemouth, i. p. 227.
' In the returns of the jjrcat muster taken on A1;cr\vick Moor in 153S the tenants of .Anililc were
associated with and included in those of Warkworth. Arch. Ael. 4to series, iv. p. 162.
' Cal. Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 23.
'' Ex inf. Mr. M. H. Dand. The appointed day was the 2nd February, and it was kept as a general
holiday.
TOWNSHIP OF AMRLE.
279
manor house which occupied a site on the brow of the bank or terrace
which overhung the river Coquet. Of this house there only remains
a fragment of masonry, dating from the fifteenth
century, showing a window of two lights.
Amongst the tenants who during the six-
teenth century held lands in Amble by copy
of court roll was the family of Arnold. In
a case of disputed succession heard at York
in 1611, before the Council of the North, Robert
Smith of Amble, a man of seventy-eight years
of age, deposed :
Th.it lie did well knowe John Arnolde of Ambell, and that the
said John .Arnolde died seized of a tenement in .*\mble, now in the
tenure or occupation of Robert Arnolde of IJcrlinge, or his assitfns ;
and he did knowe Thomas Arnolde, brother to the said John
Arnolde, and that the said Thomas had a sonne whose name was
Thomas, and that the said Robert Arnolde is son and heir of the
said Thomas the younger; and he dothe further sale upon his
oath that he doth well remember that the prior of the monastery
of Tynemouth was in displeasure with the said John Arnolde; and
the said John did goe to London, and at his return went to the prior and did .... with him, and
the prior would not grant him a coppy of the said tenement in Ambell, untill he was content to give so
many nobles as there were dores about his house, and there were found xiiij dores, and John Arnolde
giving satisfaction to the prior, he had his coppie according to custom.'
A Window of Ruined
Manok House.
ARNOLD OF AMBLE.
EmVARn ArnoI-Ti ; died in possession of messuage and =
lands in Amble held of the Crown by copy of court roll.
John .\rnold of Amble, son and heir ; was admitted to lands there on
the death of his father ; died s.p.m.
Edward Arnold
Jane ..., who remarried = John Arnold of Amble; was admitted to
Robert Howey. messuage and lands at the death of
John, son of Edward Arnold ; died s.p.
Thomas Arnold, brother and
heir of John ; was admilied
to lands in Amble.
Thomas Arnold ; was admitted to messuage and lands at Amble at
death of his father.
Robert Arnold of Birling ; was admitted to messuage and lands at Amble on
the death of his father ; who, 5th June, 1611, petitioned the Councd of the
North at York, for redress against Edward Patterson of Togston, who
detained from him the ' writings of the premises.'
Ex cartis Cookson of .Meldon. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection,
28o
WARKWORTH PARISH.
PATTERSON OF AMBLE.
John Patterson of Amble ; dead before 25ih Jan., 1592/3 = Jane
Rolwri Patterson of Amble ;
was admitted to copyhold
lands there 24th March,
1586/7 : will dated 1st
Nov., 1606; proved same
year; inq.p.m. 2Isl Anril,
1610.
Edward Patterson = Marparet,
whom in Sept., l6ll,
Edward Patterson
of Toerston ;
dauijhter
2 1 St April,
and
broti£;ht a charsje of
1616, found to
heiress
' forceable entry on
be brother and
of John
his premises at Am-
heir of Robert
Turner of
ble with horses and
Patterson of
Tosjslon.
cattte."
Amble.
, Patterson ; mar-
ried ... Scrojjgs,
and had two
children, Nicho-
las and Elizabeth,
named in the will
of Robert Patter-
son, 1606.
John Patterson of Togston ; was party to the division of the township gth Jan., 1632/3 ; was party
to an indenture 1st June, :658 ; in 1674 by deed gave certain lands to his grandson, John Cook ;
will dated ... , 1681 ; dead before nth Nov., 1686.
Jane, daughter and co-heiress ; married Edward Cook of Amble New-hall. ^^
.Mice, daughter and co-heiress ; married William Smith of Amble. 4/
Evidences to Pehigrf.es of Arnold .and P.attkrson.
At a court holden in the manor of .^mble and Hauxley on the 25th of January, 1592/3, 'Juratores dicunt quod
Robertus Howey mortuus est et dicunt quod .... dedit . . . . de et in tenementum in Ambell coram
prox .... Robert! Patersone filio Johannis Patersone et heredibus suis secund. consuetud. et p. def. exit, ad
opus Edvardi Patersone fratris ejusd. Roberti. Salvo Jane uxor Johannis Patersone durante viduatate.' Ex carlis
Cookson of Meldon.
1597, 2ist December. Memorandum that I, Richard Spence, have delivered to William Hall for the debt of
Mr. William Crowe, merchant, due to Edward Paterson, mason, three webbes of lead and one stithie (? anvil) of cast
iron, on condition that if the said Edward be not paid 30s. before, etc., he may sell the said lead and iron and pay
himself. Ibid.
1606, 1st November. Will of Robert Paterson of Amble, husbandman. To be buried within the parish
church of Warkworth. I give to my nephew Nicholas Scrogges two oxen, to my niece Elizabeth Scrogges one boule
of oates : My wife Elizabeth Patterson and my children to be executors of this my will. Proved 1606. -.Amount of
inventory, ;^49 5s. 6d. Durham Probate Registry.
1608, loth May. Warrant to enquire if Robert Arnold be the kinsman and next heir of John Arnold, deceased,
against Elizabeth Paterson, widow, who holds 40 acres of land, 6 acres of meadow, and 40 acres of pasture and
100 acres of common, with purtenences in Amble claimed by the said Robert. Ex cartis Cookson of Meldon.
1610, 26th August. Bond from Robert Arnold for £60 to admit Arthur Forster into a tenement in Ambell in
the possession of Elizabeth Patterson. Ibii/.
161 1, 8th August. Answer of .\rthur Forster to the bill of Edward Patterson. It appears by the joint answers
of .Arthur Forster and Elizabeth Patterson, widow, that the plaintiff, Edward Patterson, claimed his brother
Robert Patterson's estate on the ground that Elizabeth had had a child during widowhood and thereby forfeited her
estate, but 'she doth not acknowledge that any widowe by the custome of the said mannor (i.e., of Amble) if she in
her widowhood doe lyve unchaist and incontynently and shall have a child unlawfully begotten, shall loose the said
premisses or shall be avoyded from the same before her widow-head be determyned. But if the matter of incontinency
and haveing a childe which is objected in the bill of complaint against the defendent were true, yet whether therby
this defendent should loose her widow's estate in and to the premises by any custome in the said mannor or no yis a
matter fytt to be tryed at the comon lawe and is not fitt to be brought in question in this honourable court, as she is
informed by her counsel!, being a matter soe penal to this defendant as is pretended whereby if there be any such
custome her estate might be in jeoperdye.' Ibiii.
By order of the Court of E.vchequer ' a survey of the mannor of Ambell
and Auxley ' ' was made in September, 1608, by Bartholomew Haggatt and
George Warde, gentlemen, as commissioners, who found that there were in
' Land Revenue Record Office, Surveys, Northumberl.-ind, James I. vol. 42.
TOWNSHIP OF AMBI.E.
281
Amble fourteen tenants who held their lands by copy of court roll ; there
were also five cottage tenants. The sum of the copyhold rents was found
to be ;£ 16 OS. 5d., and the leasehold and other rents amounted to £() 6s. lod.
Survey ov .Xmi;!,!:, .Septkmber, 160S.
Annual
Copyhold Tenants.
Former Tenants.
Dale of Copy.
Mont
Ren
y
Barley
Rent.
Value
beyond
Rent.
Winchester
£
s.
d.
Hushels.
i s. d.
Robert Hudson
Robert Hudson, his father ...
7ih April, 1598
I
6
4
>4
700
Hugh Hodgson
William Hodgson, his father...
9th Oct., 1594
0
19
4
14
6 10 0
Edward Clarke
Edward Clarke, his father ...
24th March, 1586/7
0
IQ
7
•4
6 10 0
Robert Widdrington
John Barnell [t Arnell)
23rd \\!x\\, 1602
I
I
"^
14
6 13 4
Robert Smith, jun....
Robert Smith, his father
24th March, 15S6/7
I
I
3
14
6 13 4
Dionise Wilson
Roger Smith, by surrender of
Robert Smith, his son
4th August, 1603
1
3
7
14
6 10 0
Nicholas Thew
George Thew, his father
7th April, 1598 .
I
6
2
14
7 00
Edward Tayler
Robert Tavler, his father
4th August, 1603
I
0
1 1
14
6 6 8
John Wilson
Robert Wilson...
25th Oct., r596
I
S
6
•4
6 13 4
Henry Johnson
George Hudson
... Oct., 1590
0
19
3
14
6 6 8
Elizabeth Patterson
Robert Patterson. her husband
24th March, 1^86/7'
0
iq
I J
14
6 6 8
William Tavler
Robert Tayler, his father
24th March, 1586/7
I
4
I
14
6 13 4
John Clarke
William Wright
24th .March, 1586/7
0
19
I
14
650
John Hudson
Roger Bayard
7th April, 1598
0
17
9
14
5 13 4
Survey of Amble,
September, 1608.
Annual 1
Cottage Tenants.
Date of Copy.
Rent.
Va
ue
beyond
Rent.
s.
H.
s.
d.
Elizabeth Gibson, late w ife of Robert Gibson,
deceased, one cottage during her widow-
hood, by her late husband's copy
9th October, 1594
2
0
6
8
Ibid., one cottage during her widowhood by
copy of Robert Gibson, her husband's
father
9th October, 1594
I
0
4
o
Elinor Hall, late wife of Cuthbert Hall,
deceased, one cottage, by her late husband's
copy
1 2th April, 1597
->
8
6
8
Edward Thompson, late Robert Thom^json,
his father
9th October, 1594
I
0
4
Robert Bullock, late William Browell
24th March, 1586/7
9
9
20
o
John Parkar of Norwiche houldeth there the scite of the mannor of .4mbell, per annum 3s. 4d. ; the
scituation of the salte-pannes ther, 4s. ; all mynes of coales ther and in Auxley, per annum 40s. ; and a
conny warren upon Ambells-heughe, per annum los., by letters patentes graunted to him bearing date
30th March, 1589/90, for 21 yeeres, and afterwardes in reversion unto Roger Molsdale and Henrie Paule
dated 6th July, 1590, for 21 yeeres, £2 i8s. 4d. Annu.al value beyond the rent, £\ i.
.\\\ the tenantes ther have ancientlie paide for the assize of breade and beere 6s. per annum by
custome onley; by which they doe give licence to some one to brew and bake within the mannor, and at
present they have licenced one Elizabeth Gibson, who paieth yerely 6s.
A\\ the tennants ther, beinge 14 entire tenements, doe paie yeerlie 14 bushells of barlye per everie
tenement, Winchester measure, as is before showen, besides their money rent ; all which lent-corne is
Vol. V.
i.e., the date of Robert Patterson's copy.
36
282 WARKWORTH PARISH.
letter) in lease unto Robert Woodrington and others by letters patentes dated 7th Au),'ust, 1590, for 21
yeeres rendering per annum £fi 2s. 6d. Annual value beyond the rent, /8.
William Toppinge houklcth thcr a quarrie of stones within this mannor liy letters patentes granted
from our late soveraigne Queenc Elizabeth, but he nether appeared nor showed the same.
The tenants thcr claime to houlde their lands of the mannor of Tynmouth by coppic of court rnll
secundum consududinem husband, and that after the death of every tenante his next heire of the whole
bloode is to be admitted accordinge to the custome, paying a yeere's rent for a fine, and two yeeres' rent
for a fine upon every surrender.
But wee cannot finde that ihcy have any such estate of inheritance for that wee finde divers coppies
graunted sibi d assigiuitis suis.
For the payment of tlieir fines wee finde an inccrtaintie and cannot reporte whether they ought to be
arbitrable or noe, for that the earle of Northumberland's deputy captaine was always deputy steward ther,
who governed them, as they say, not accordinge to their customes but accordinge to his owne will. The
recordes are in the earle of Northumberland his keepinge, and will best showe the state of their tenure
and customes whereunto he refers us. Their fines, amerciaments, and profittes of court, etc., are received
by the earle of Northumberland's officers as due to him by his letters patents, Init whether hce ought to
accountc for the same wee cannot tell, because wee never sawc his letters patents.
In the years 1615 and 1616 there were snits in the Court of E.xcheqner
brought by Robert Hudson and others, tenants in the king's manor of
Amble, against John Wharrier, Thomas Davy, Robert Arnold, Hugh Elder,
William Wharrier, and Thomas Elder, tenants in the earl of Northumber-
land's manor of Birling, concerning the boundary of the respective manors
and townships, and more particularly concerning the pasturage of some 16 acres
of land called the Salt-goates on the north side of the Coquet. Witnesses
deposed that the Coquet had worn away much of the ground upon the south
side of the river, and had laid it to the parcel of ground in question lying
upon the north side ; that it had formerly been the custom to ride the bounds
between Amble and Birling upon St. Helen's day.'
The manor remained in the Crown until the 25th of September, 1628,
when, with Hauxley and many other estates of the dissolved priory of Tvne-
mouth, it was sold by Charles I. to Edward Ditchfield and others as trustees
of the corporation of the city of London.^ The grant included :
The township of Ambell, with lands in the tenure of divers persons at the lord's will, of the ye.irly
value of ^15 13s. 6d.; 24 cjuartcrs and 4 bushels of barley, annually paid by fourteen tenants (that is to
say, I quarter and 6 bushels by each tenant) valued at £6 2s. 6d. per annum; a cottage worth I2d.
yearly; all the rents of assize of bread and ale payable by the tenants there, amounting to 6s. yearly ;
the pannage of swine payable by fourteen tenants there, viz. by every tenant, id.; all that manor house
or site in the street of Ambell, then or late in the tenure of Robert Bullock, worth 3s. 4d. per annum ;
the site of a salt pit or salt-pan there, worth 4s. per annum; the coal mines there, valued at 41s. per
annum; a coney garth worth los. per annum ; the whole being worth £2^ 2s. 6d. per annum.
' Exchequer Depositivns, 13 James 1. Michaehiias, No. 4. Ibid. 14 James I. Michaelmas, No. 30.
Cf. Hist, of Beyunckshire Club, xiv. pp. 256-261, where an abstract of the depositions is given.
• Particulars of fee farm rents, fol. 38, No. 804. Gibson, Tynemouth, i. p. 243. Schedule of Amble
Deeds, Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
Robert Hudson, ut
the
rent of ...
i s.
1 6
4
Hugh Hodgson
,,
o ly
4
Roljert Smith
I I
3
Roger Smith
' 3
7
Robert Patterson
o 19
1 1
TOWNSHIP OF AMBLE. 283
The wliolc was to be held of the Crown as of the manor of East
Greenwich bv fealty in free socage at the reserved or fee farm rent of
£2^ 2s. 6d. On the Sth of [March, 1629, it was sold to Sir William
Hewitt of Brightwell, Sufiblk, knight, and Thomas Hewitt, his son, who by
bargain and sale dated the 23rd of November, 1630, conveyed to Henry
Lawson of Newcastle, merchant, and Henry Horsley of Milburn Grange
the lands and tenements in Amble which were formerly in the occupation of:
i s. ,1.
John Clark, at the rent of ... o 19 I
Robert Widdrington, ,, ... 113
Robert Taylor ., ... i o 1 1
Robert Bullock „ ... o 9 g
Cuthbert Hall „ ... 028
9 4 I
which tenements were at that time severally in the tenure of Robert Hudson
(son of the above-named Robert), Robert Garrett, Thomas Smith, Uionis
Wilson, George Browell, John White, Margaret Bullock, widow, and
William Hall. The purchasers covenanted to pay ^,"9 4s. id. parcel of the
fee farm rent of ^15 13s. 6d. reserved to the Crown. The vendors specially
reserved to themselves the hall corn-barley payable yearly at the feast of the
Purification at the manor or hall house of Amble, and also the coal mines
with wayleave and stayleave, and the libertv of digging pits, paying to
Lawson and Horsley and their heirs ' the accustomed recompense for
breaking and digging the ground in which any pit for getting coal shall here-
after happen to be sunk or wrought.' The rights reserved under this deed
were subsequently conveyed by Hewitt to certain persons as trustees for
Sir William Fenwick of Meldon.'
The manorial rights, the site of the manor house, and the royalties
which were acquired on the 24th of June, 1631, bv Sir William Fenwick
were forfeited by him during the civil wars and vested in the commis-
sioners for compounding. On the 17th of June, 1652, Martin Fenwick
of Kenton, after stating that he had fanned the manor house, the salt-pans,
and the colliery under the yearly rent of ;^46, petitioned them for a renewal
of his lease because :
' The premises were conveyed 7th June, 1631, by Sir William Hewitt and Thomas Hewitt to .Sir John
Fenwick of Wallington, knight, Robert Anderson of Newcastle, esquire, and t^eorge Fenwick of ('.ra\'s
Inn, esciuire, in trust for Sir William Fenwick, and comprised lands in Amble in the several tenures of
Edward Clark, at the rent of 19s. 7d. ; Nicholas Thew, 26s. 2d.; John Wilson, 25s. 6d. ; Henry Johnson,
19s. 3d.; William Taylor, 25s. id.; Elizabeth C^ibson, 3s.; Edwaid Thompson, is.; the rent of assize of
bread and beer, the rent of 24 quarters 4 bushels of barley paid by the fourteen tenants, the manor house,
the salt pit, the coal mines, and the coney garth. The grant also included the lands in Hau.xley in the
tenure of William Jackson, at the rent of 32s. 5d., and of William Taylor, at the rent of 29s. gd., with the
mill, pigeon house, etc., and the rent of assize.
284 WARKWORTH PARISH.
Voui- peticoncr hath disbursed for the wining of the collery there, what is not as yctt pfected, above
one liundrcd pownds more then the profilts he hath hitherto received, which had becne utterly lost
and is still in danger, butt by your pctconer's speciall industry and excessive charges.
Thatt the said niannor howse is much ruined and ready to fall for want of repaire, your peticoncr
hitherto haveing had noe allowance for repaire thereof, althoe he have bcene farmer for many yeares
by past.'
In the following year the commissioners entered into articles of agree-
ment with George Clarkson, esq., and Samuel Fo.xley, gent., for the sale of
certain lands at Heron's-close, Espley, Newton-by-the-sea, and Alnwick, all
forfeited by Sir William Fenwick, and also of 'all that house called or knowne
by the name of Ambell hall, with the lands and appurtenances thereunto
belonginge, and all those the salt-panns, collyery, connev warren, hshinge,
and rent-corne belonging to Ambell hall in the parish of Warkworth.'^
Though Sir William Fenwick died in London in May, 1652, his name
was, on the 2nd of November following, inserted in the bill for the sale of
lands forfeited to the Commonwealth for treason. Catherine Fenwick, the
second of his three daughters and co-heiresses, became the second wife of Sir
Francis RadclifFe, afterwards earl of Derwentwater. Clark and Foxley acted
as trustees and agents for Lady RadclilTe, with whose descendants the Amble
estate remained until 1732. In an inquisition taken (under a commission
issued under the Great Seal 27th February, 1 741/2) at Morpeth on the
4th of November, 1742, it was found that William Radcliife, late of Amble,
esq., died at Rome on the 6th of November, 1732, seised of the manor or
lordship of Amble, of 32 old bolls and 4 bushels of barley payable each year
at Candlemas bv the tenants of Amble,' of a free warren or conev garth at
Amble and Hauxley, a smith's shop at Amble, the coal mines at Amble and
Hau.xley, salt-pans at Amble, four ' farms ' of land in Amble, called Hope-
' Slalc Papers (Dom.). Com. for Compounding, G, 86, No. 34 b. Cal. of Com. for Com. Cases,
1 647- 1 660, p. 2747. ■■ Ibid. G, 18, p. S47. Ibid. p. 2748.
" ' \n account of Mr. RadclyfTs estate at Ambell, Dogstone, and Hauxley, as it is now lett, possest
by very good and able tenants, and very improveable : £ s. d.
Ambell lands ... ... ... ... ... ... 80 00 00
Dogstone lands... ... ... ... ... ... 60 00 00
Hauxley lands ... ... ... ... ... ... 50 00 00
Hall-corne bigg, and coney warren ... .. ... 30 00 00
Salt-pans and collery ... ... ... ... ... 20 00 00
In all .£240 00 00
AH the tenants are freholders, and the least has ^30 per annum of his own, and several! of those that
pay the cornc are worth .^200 per annuin, and wou'd give 40 years' purchase for it, being obliged to
tender it themselves in person on Candlemass day at .'\uibell-hall, where they are oblig'd to attend
from the riseing of the sun to the setting. 'Tis thought they make ^200 per annum of the colliery and
salt-panns, and 3 years ago soe much was bid for them ; a harbor may be made for a very small charge,
and as many pans as you will.' From an undated but contemporary paper among the Duke of North-
umberland's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF AMRI.E. 285
house, and two ' farms ' of land in Hauxley, called the Hauxley-fields, of a
burgess house, garth, and four stints in Warkworth, and of three ' farms ' and
a coney warren in Togston Moor-houses, commonly called the Low-hall, of
the total annual value of ;^262 12s/
Owino- to the attainder of James, earl of Derwenlwater, and of his
brother, Charles RadcliiTe, for high treason, William Radcliffe's estate was
escheated to the Crown. But bv an exercise of the royal bounty the lands
were granted under successive leases" to trustees for the benefit of, and to
make some provision for, the children of the attainted Charles Radcliffe by
his marriage with Charlotte, countess of Newbrough, until, under the powers
conferred by an enabling Act of Parliament passed in the 34th year of his
reign, George III. by letters patent dated the 8th of December, 1798, granted
to Anthony James, earl of Newbrough, and his heirs all that manor of Amble
and the farms, lands, hereditaments, and premises with their royalties, rights,
members, and appurtenances in Amble, Hauxley, and Warkworth, as the
said William Radcliffe held the same at the time of his death. The
premises so granted at the death of the countess of Newbrough in 1853
passed to her husband, Lieutenant-colonel Charles Leslie,^ and to his issue by
a former marriage. The present owner is Mr. Charles Leslie of Slindon,
Sussex.
Lawson and Horsley, to whom a considerable part of Amble was
conveyed in 1630, acted as trustees for certain of the copyhold tenants and
others, to whom they subsequently conveyed parcels of the lands in such
manner that in 1663 the township was held in the following proportions :
Nicholas Lewin rated at ^40 or four-fourteenth parts in vahie of the township.
Robert Widdrington „ 30 or three-fourteenth „ „
Edward Cook „ 30 or three-fourteenth „ ,,
William Smith ,, 10 or one-fourteenth „ „
Edward Browell „ 10 or one-fourteenth „ „
John Taylor ... ... ... „ 10 or one-fourteenth „ „
William Reed ... ... ... „ 10 or one-fourteenth „ ,,
Francis Radcliffe for the hall corn „ —
.£140
' A recital of inquisition from letters patent, 39 George III. pt. 2.
-The first being granted by letters patent, 3rd November, 1744, to ihc duke of Richmond and
James Brudcnell, esq.
^ Lady Newbrough's settlement in favour of her husband was contested in 1S91 in the Queen's Bench
Division of the High Court of Justice by Mr. J. Gladwin Cave, who claimed under a settlement alleged to
have been made in favour of the collateral descendants of the wife of the si.\th earl of Newbrough. CJ.
Times, 9th April, 1891.
286 WARKW'OKril PAKISH.
From Sir Francis RadclifTe aiul fVoni the ab(n-e-naiiied sevc>n free-
holders tlu- title of evcrv landholder at the present day is derived.
Of the family of Lewin, who also held lands in Warkworth, Alnmouth,
and Bamburgh,' little is known. There were proceedings in 1638 in the
Court of Exchequer brought by Thomas Lewin, gent., against Sir William
Carnabv, knight, the high sherifl", claiming damages for a seizure for a Crown
debt of the complainant's goods alleged to have been improperly made in
August, 1636. The depositions state that the sheriff's officers drove away
twelve oxen and twelve milk kine worth ^^84, the oxen being yoked to two
wains laden with the complainant's corn and carrying the same home to his
stack garth at Amble, that the kine served partly for the maintenance of his
familv, and for want of them he had no milk. That at the time of the
seizure the complainant was possessed of at least eighty horses and mares,
besides sheep, young cattle, and other goods in Northumberland to the value
of /'600, which the sheriff might as well have seized upon as upon the oxen
and kine. That for want of the draught oxen 320 thrave of oats stood out
till after Martinmas, and a third part was spoiled : that for want of the oxen
the complainant was forced in the autumn to sow all his hard corn upon
three tilths instead of four, by reason of which so many thistles sprang up
as to choke most of it.'"
Thomas and Nicholas Lewin in 1651 conveyed two house steads in
Amble to Robert Widdrington,' but in 1663 Nicholas Lewin was still
possessed of four fourteenth parts of Amble and of two thirteenth parts of
Hauxley, and in 1683 Thomas Lewin of Amble acted as foreman to the
grand jury at the Northumberland sessions held at Morpeth.^ It is believed
that both of these estates were acquired by the RadclifTe family, and that
' In 1628 and 1639 the name of Thomas Lewen of Warkworth appears in the freeholders' Hsts printed
in Arch. Ad. 410 series, li. pp. 318-322. The family owned the house at Warkworth, now known as
the ' Sun ' hotel.
The w^ill of Nicholas Lewin of ISamburj^h, dated 26th November, 1719, gives to his cousin, John
Lewins of Alemouth, his house and malt kiln in Warkworth. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
The declaration of the account of the goods of Thomas Lewyn of Warkworth, gent., was e.\hibited
at Durham in 1642 by his three sons and executors, John, Thomas, and Henry Lewyn, but the will
itself has not been found.
The testator owed to Algernon, earl of Northumberland, for an arrearages of rent, ^^300 ; to Lancelot
Algood for halfe year's interest on the principal sum of ^200, which liad been discharged by the
deceased, £?>:io George Warwick, gent., for the tithe corn rent of Warkworth East-demesne, ^8;
servants' wages, £2, i6s. ; the smith and other workmen, £2 Ss. 2d.; funeral expenses, £20; probate
e.xpenses, ^3 6s. Sd.; executors' expenses, ^i 3s. 4d.; total ^346 14s. 2d.
- Exchequer Depositions, 14 Chas. L 1637/8, Easter term, No. 31.
^ The deed is dated 29th June, 1651. Schedule of Hauxley Deeds, Rev. John Hodgson's ColUction.
* Sessions Records, with the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle.
TOWNSHir OF AMRI.E. 287
they are represented bv Amble Hope-hcnisc and llu' Hauxley fields, which
now belong to Mr. C. Leslie.'
On the 22nd of January, 1616, George Whitehead wrote to the earl of
Northumberland from North Shields :
Upon the. silting of a commission procured by your lordsliip at Waikworlli in ( Iclolicr lasl, the-
principall men of Ambcll made moans lo me by Mr. Lewen to move your lordsliip in tlier behalf fur
ye chardges, and they would utterly relinquish ther supposed tytle and surcease ther suyle, and, as I
take it, I write soe to your lordship.
But nowe one Dennis Wilson," one of those that lately hayth bought two farmes in Ambell, haytli
procured a comissione to examine witnesses, and sent out by his commissioners, beinge one of them
a great recusant and the other a base fellow, ther precepte to none but to certaync poore men that have
before bene examined for your lordship onely to entrappe them; what is doonc on that I refer me to
Mr. Astell's letter, who was ther with me.
This Wilsone is servante to my lord of Shrewsbury, a busy-headed, wranglinge fellowe; yf my lorde
coome to see your lordship you might doe well to tell him of it, or els to send Mr. Fotherley from your
lordship to my lord, for yf he forbide him he dare not meddle any more. I write this that your lordship
may save some chardgc, this multitude [a word illegible] ther commone purse may but your lordship
to spend by this busye fellowe's procurement.
On the I ith of August, 1632, Lawson and Horsley e.\ecuted a deed* or
declaration of trust in which they declared that they had purchased the three
farms in the possession of Dionis Wilson in trust for the said Dionis Wilson
and for Edward Wilson, his son and heir. After the death of Dionis
Wilson, Henrv Horsley and James Whitehead joined with Edward Wilson
on the 20th of August, 1649, in conveying these three farms (subsequently
called Amble New-hall) to Catherine Wilson, spinster, in consideration of
_^300. Catherine Wilson on the 29th of July, 1650,' conveyed the three
farms in Amble and two farms in Old Moor, near Longhurst, to John Thompson,
whom she subsequently married.'^ Thompson, who was rector of Bothal, and
Catherine, his wife, on the 6th of December, 1652, sold their lands in Amble
to Edward Cook," who, in 1663, was rated for the same at /.30 per annum.
' The possession of Lewin's estates by the Radcliffe family was contested in 1775 by Eleanor, daughter
of Thomas Lewin and wife of John Minshull of Great Driffield, and in 1825 there was another claimant
in the person of John Readhead of Warkworth, who ad\anced a pedigiee from a certain John Lewin,
who in 1697 took a lease from the earl of Northumberland of lands in liirling. A pedigree of the Lcuin
family, constructed by Mr. Hamerton Crump, a descendant, is printed in Miscellanea Genealo^icn ft
Hcraldica, new series, ii. p. 527.
- 161 1, 3rd January. Dionis Wilson obtained from Edward, earl of .Shrewsbury, and Lady Jane, his
wife, a lease of the lands in Pegsworth, formerly in the possession of Edward Wilson, his father, to hold
for the lives of himself, his son Edward, and his daughter Katlierine. Mr. Newton Ogle's Deeds.
Lands in Pegswood in the barony of Bothal, the forfeited estate of the earl of Newcastle, were
purchased 5th October, 1652, by John Thompson. Cal. of Com. for Comp. Cases, 1647-1660.
" .Schedule of Amble New-hall Deeds, Rev. John Hodgson's Collection. ' Ibid.
^ Thompson ' married a great fortune and kept his coach, and having but one dauuhter she was
married to the eldest son of Mr. Barnes's old friend, Mr. John Ogle of Kirkley, who was bred a merchant.'
Memoir of Ambrose Barnes, Longstaffe, p. 146, Surtees Soc. No. 50.
° Schedule of Amble New-hall Deeds, Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
288
WARKWORTH PARISH.
WILSON OF AMBLE NEW-HALL AND PEGSWORTH.
.. Wilson =
EJward Wilson ; held lands inPegswonh under Edw-ard, earl of =
Shrewsbur3- ; was dead before 3rd Jan., 1616 (a).
George Wilson ; living
loth Sept., 16 JO.
[?... Clark] = Dioni:^ Wilson : he held copyhold land.s
first
wife.
.\nible in 1608; took a nc>v lease
for live* of lands in Pegsworth, 3rd
Jan., 1616, from Edward, earl of
Shrewsburj- (a) ;
.Aug.. 1630 (a) ;
9th May. 1632
Bolhal church ;
was living 1 2th
was dead before
(ji) ; buried in
will dated lOlh
Martha [? Short] ; living
and in enjoyment of
the lease of Pegsworth,
4ih Oct., 1649; will
dated 26th Feb.. 1663 ;
proved Sept., 1664(a).
Philip Wilson ;
e.tecuior to his
brother's will ;
mar. ... Wisby
of Alnwick.
si.
Robert Wilson.
Andrew Wilson.
(Both named
in grant, 3rd
Jan., 1616.)
Sein.. ifijo : proved same year (^).
Edward Wilson, son and heir ; was
named in the lease of 5rd Jan.,
1616, as son and heir of Dionysius
W"ilson of Pegsworth ; was ad-
mitted to Cray's Inn, 2:st -Mar.,
1640 I ; settled at Durham as a
doctor of medicine (a), and by a
deed dated 20lh .Aug., 1649. con-
veyed his lands in .Amble to his
siiiter Katherine (*) ; • 2nd June.
1680, Mr. Edward Wilson, doctor
of phj-sic, buried ' (./).
Thomasine ... ; is
named in her
mother-in-law-
Martha Wilson's
will, 1663, which
also gives leg:icies
10 her seven sons
I
Katherine W ilson, named
in lease of 3rd Jan.,
1616 ; married circa
29th July, 1650 (a) ;
was living 26th Feb.,
1663 (</) ; she joined
with her husband in
selling her lands in
Amble, 6ih Dec., 1652
John Thompson, clerk, rector
of Bothal ; was residing al
Pegsworth, 26ih Feb.. 1662,
and at .Mor^ieih 5th -Aug.,
1670 (rt) ; was living in pos-
session of West Newham,
22nd Aug., 1672 (a) ; 'a
man of learning and a man
of peace and an excellent
preacher ' (r). he was ejected
from the rectory of Bothal
in 1662.
1 I
. . . W ilson, eldest
son (o).
Thomas Wilson,
second son (a).
Joseph Thompson ;
living 26th Feb..
1663 (a) ; died
in his father's
lifetime (a).
Nathaniel Thompson,
heir to his father ; ad-
mitted to Gray's Inn,
28ih Oct., 1673 ;
died J.*, before 1st
Oct., 1685 (a).
Martha, only daughter,
and at length heiress ;
married Ralph Ogle
of Kirkley ; settlement
made after marriage,
5th Aug.. l670-Ca).4'
(a) Mr. Newton Ogle's Deids.
(!>) Schedule of Deeds of Amble New-hall. Rev.
Hodgson's Collfction.
(c) Calamy, vol. ii. p. 504.
John (rf) Register of St. Oswald's. Durham.
(<■) Durham Probate Registry.
On the 31st of Julv, 1660, Robert Widdrinston, Nicholas Lewin, John
Tavlor, Edward Browell, and William Reed, styled 'the neighbours of
Amble," entered into an agreement with Edward Cook, whereby the latter
agreed to allow during pleasure :
A free w ay out of the west end of Ambell and from his yeate there to the place called the West-yeate,
and from the said West-yeate straight up a rigg thereon, using only two riggs at the most, straight up
to the Rye Haven way and then keeping that way for all occasions of the said neighbours : and that
all the said neighbours shall have liberty from the 14th day of June to the ist day of July yearly and no
longer to lead whins from the Slow Wickett, etc'
The place whence Edward Cook came to the parish of Warkworth is
not known, but it is conjectured that he belonged to the neighbourhood of
' From a contemporary copy of the agreement in the Rev. John Hodgson's Cnllection.
TOWNSHIP OF AMBLE. 289
Dilston or Corbridge, in which parish he left kinsineii settled at Aydon.
He was residing at Hadston in 1657, when he entered into articles of
marriage with Jane Patterson, and at Amble New-hall in 1685, when he
executed a will (subsequently revoked), in which he styles John Cook 'now
inhabiting in Togson,' his eldest son. He was in 1685 in possession of estates
in Amble, Cresswell, in the south side of Newton-oii-the-Moor (with parcels
of the common there which he had purchased from John Grey, esq., and
Edward Widdrington respectively), the north side of Newton-on-the-Moor,
Brainshaugh, and of a burgage and malt kiln in Warkworth. He mentions his
second son, Edward, his third son, Samuel, his fourth son, Benjamin, and his
younger sons, William, Richard, Thomas, and Joseph, and his daughters,
Sarah and Jane. He charges his various estates with annuities payable to
his wife, and orders his eldest son, John Cook, to allot to his mother a
convenient chamber in Amble New-hall, where she shall enjov the malt kiln
and the Sloe Wickett-close in lieu of her jointure made at her marriage.'
The house at New-hall, which was probably built after Edward Cook
had acquired the estate, was a long fronted structure standing a little to the
east of the present homestead ; it had panelled rooms and good gardens,^ but
having become ruinous was taken down between 1S33 and 1844.' The
pedigree of the Cook family mav be more conveniently reserved for the
account of Togston, where was their principal residence. Amble New-hall
was sold in 1833 by Mr. Isaac Cookson, the husband of 'Sir. Cook's only
daughter and heiress, to Mr. James Dand of Hauxlev, who bv will gave the
eastern half to his eldest son, Mr. Robert Dand of Gloster-hill, and the
western half, with the homestead, to his second son, Mr. James Dand of
Togston, and with their respective descendants the moieties remain.
Several members of the family of Widdrington of Hauxlev held the
office of bailiff of Amble, vrhilst the manor was in the Crown. Robert
Widdrington seems to have enfranchised his patrimonial copyhold lands in
1(132, and to have extended his estate in Amble by subsequent purchases
until, in 1663, he owned three fourteenth parts of the township. The Wid-
drington estate, which at the end of the eighteenth century comprised about
' A contemporary copy of the original in the Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
• Cf. The Nt-icciistle Journal, i8th Januaiy, 1752, and the Nczvcastlc Couvaiit. 15th April, 1797.
' Ex inf. Mr. M. H. Dand.
Vol. W 37
290 WARKWOKTU TARISII.
280 acres, was sold in 1S07 bv order of the Court of Chaiicerv, and was
purchased by Edwards Werge of Horton in GlendaU'. Werge, after selHng
off at various times certain outlying portions which lav in proximity to the
river and to the village of Amble, in 1820 conveyed the remainder, which
comprised the farm of Amble Moor-house, to Mr. James Dand of Chevington
Wood-side, who gave it by will to his youngest son, Mr. M. H. Dand, the
present proprietor.'
The Smith familv has held lands in Amble continuously from the reign
of Elizabeth to the present dav. Their homestead stood in the lane leading
from the village street to the south towards Hauxley, but of the house
nothing is left except some old walls. The following is the inventory of
the goods of Roger Smith, who appears to have died of the plague which
ravaged Northumberland in the closing years of Elizabeth's reign :
1602, 24th July. Inventory of Roger Smith, late of Ambell, praysed by William Taylor, John Clerk,
Thomas Hudson, and Robert Hudson.
Imprimis : 2 oxen, 40s. ; 3 kine and 2 calves, ^3 ; i browne mayre, 20s. ; i pott, i caldron, and i
almrye, 21s. ; 2 pannes, 2 quishyones, and 6 peecs of pouter, Ss. ; 2 lynen sheattes, 2 . . sheattes, and
a harden sheatte, 8s- 8d. ; 4 boolles of wheat and a keninge, 26s. 8d. ; 2 boolles and a keninge of bigge,
los. ; 7 boolles of oottes, 21s. .Summa, /'lo 15s. 4d.
Debts. Imprimis: in rentes due to her majestic, 22s. 3d.; to Thomas Scrogges for ane oxe, 22s. 4d.;
to Robert Thompson for ane oxe, 12s. ; for haye, 6s. ; for the grassinge of 6 oxen, 4s. ; for clensinge of the
house, 7s. 6d. ; for half stoane of woollen . . . , 3s. 4d. ; in servauntes wages, 2od. ; for reaping of the
come, los. Some, £4 gs. id. Som total, the debts being deducted £6 6s. 3d.
A note of the corne that did growe in Ainble on the farmeholde that was Roger Smythe, lat
deceased. Imprimis: ther was m booles of wheat and rye that year, which did com to account 12 booles
of wheat and rye. Item of otes, 17 booles. Item of bege, 5 booles. Of this corn there was given firste
to Janet Smythe to be seed out of part, 4 booles of wheat and a boole of rye and 6 booles of otes out of
part, and 3 bushels of begg out of part, this corn was given of the whole to Jenet Smith to be seed.
Moreover and besyd Jenet Smyth took away a rigg of wheat which was sowinge for seed that Edward
Patterson had no part of, and three keninges of beg that she sent awaye to Newcastle with Thomas
Smyth, and she had al her nysesytes in the tym of ye visitaceoon."
On the 14th of January, 1656, Henrv Horsley of Milburn Grange
executed a deed in which he declared that certain lands which were con-
veyed to Henry Lawson and himself by Sir William Hewitt were held in
trust for William Smith.' The estates of Amble and Togston passed in
regular descent from father to son until the death of Mr. T. G. Smith in
' Mr. M. H. Dand possesses a silver groat of Edward III. or IV. coined in London and a silver
half groat of the time of Henry VI I. struck at Canterbury during the episcopate of William the archbishop,
both of which were found on Amble Moor-house farm about i860.
= Ex cnrlis Cookson of Meldon, Rev. John Hodgson's Collection. Warkworth Gut\ni Book,
' Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Dcais.
TowNSHir or amble. 291
1862, when, under his will, ihc reversion was ijiven to his kinsman, Mr.
Edward Maule Lawson, second son of the Rev. Edward Lawson of Longhurst,
who assumed the additional name of Smith, and is the present owner.
The lands for which William Reed was rated in 1663, and which gave a
vote to Robert Reed at the election of 1722, passed under his will dated the
13th of April, 1720, to his nephew, John Taylor, and were absorbed in
his estates.' John Hudson was one of the copyholders who, in 1631,
enfranchised their lands,- and though his name does not appear in the rate
book of 1663, the massive head of the low browed doorway of a strongly
built house, which still stands in the main street, bears the initials and date of
H.
R. M.
1749.
Ralph Hudson in 1774 voted for lands in Amble, which were subse-
quently conveyed by Tibby Hudson to John Turner, who voted for the same
at the contested election of 1826.'*
George Browell was one of the complainants in the suit heard in the
Court of Exchequer in 161 5, and his name appears in the list of copyholders
in 1628. Edward Browell was party to a conveyance in 1650* of 4 acres
of land in Amble fields to Robert Widdrington of Hauxley, and he was
proprietor of about a fourteenth part of the township in 1633. On the 24th
of March, 1723, Edward Browell, son and heir of Gerard Browell, conveyed
his lands in Amble to Alexander Johnston of Newcastle, chapman, who was
succeeded by his son, William Johnston of Newcastle, merchant. In 1765
William Johnston Temple of Berwick, son of William Temple of the same
place, by Sarah, his wife, who was sister of the above-named William
Johnston, sold the lands in Amble purchased by his grandfather, to Ralph
Lambton of Sunderland, who, two years later, conveyed the same to Martin
' This may have been the estate advertised in the Newcastle Juunuil of 12th May, 1764, described as
consisting of rich pasture, meadow, and arable Land, with dwelling house, byre, barn, and of the annual
rental of ^50. Application was to be made to J. Ormston of Newcastle, linen draper, or John
Richardson of Newcastle, attorney-at-law. It is described in the deeds, and was subsequently known
as ' Temple's farm.'
'' 1631, 10th June. Bargain and sale (enrolled in Chancery! of a tenement in .A.mble from -Sir William
Hewitt, knight, and Thomas Hewitt, esq., to John Hudson and Thomas I'attcrson. Schedule of .\mble
Deeds, Rev. John Hodgson's Collation.
' Poll Book. Tibby Hudson, the last representative of the family of Hudson of Amble, died in the
poor-house about 1830.
' 1650, 14th May. Feoftment from John Taylor and Eduard lirowcll to Robert Widdrington.
Schedule of .^mble Deeds, Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
29^ WARKWORTH PARISH.
Taylor.' William Johnston TcniplL' subsequently became vicar of St.
Gluvias, in Cornwall, anil was the paternal grandfather of the present
archbishop of Canterbury. Persons bearing the name of Brovvell still reside
at Warkworth.
The homestead of the Bullock family stood, and their house still stands,
at the west end of the village street. In i62g Robert Bullock was the
lessee of the manor house, and his name appears as a tenant of the lands
conveyed in 1630 from Sir William Hewitt to Lawson and Horsley. His
holding was evidentlv but a small one, and is not mentioned in the rate
book of 1663,' but Robert Bullock, a freeholder in Amble, died on the 17th
of December, 1698,^ and w-as buried in Warkworth churchyard. He was
succeeded by his son, George Bullock, who was buried on the 2nd of Januarv,
1728/9. On the 5th of February, 1730, Thomas Todd of Hilton, and Jane,
his wife, and John Fawcus of Amble Hope-house, and Dorothv, his wife
(which Jane and Dorothv were the two daughters of George Bullock,
blacksmith, deceased), sold their lands in Amble to Thomas Smith of
Togston and John Taylor of Amble. Smith and Taylor bv deed dated
the 15th of February, 1745, agreed to divide not only the lands so pur-
chased, but their patrimonial lands which lay intermixed with one another
'rigg and rein.'*
Both Edward and Barbara Taylor of Amble were complainant-s in the
trespass suit heard before the Court of Exchequer in 16 15, and Robert
Taylor's name appears in the list of copyholders in 1630. In 1663 John
Taylor was proprietor of a fourteenth part of the township. About the
year 1720 John Taylor succeeded to the lands of his uncle, Robert Reed
(subject to the life interest of the testator's widow, Dorothy Reed), and in
1767 Martin Taylor purchased from Ralph Lambton the estate previously
belonging to Johnston and Temple, which had at an earlv date belonged
to Brovvell.' What is known of the familv is set out in the following
pedigree :
' Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds.
- On the 24th of April, 1656, Willi;iiii Smith of Togston, William Reed of Amble, and George ISullock
of Amble entered into articles of agreement with Edward lirowell and John Taylor, both of Amble,
whereby it was agreed to divide their lands lying in Amble East-field which lay ' mixed together and
very inconvenient, by reason whereof many strifes and differences do oftentimes arise.' Smith and Kced
were to have two farms next the sea; Browell and Taylor were to have two farms lying next the Long
dike; and Bnllock's half farm was to lie in the middle. Ibid. ■' .M.I., Warkworth.
^ Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds. The old grey-slated honse of the Bullocks seems not to have
been sold to Smith and Taylor but retained until a later date. It now belongs to Mr. Ogle of East
Chevington. * Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds.
TOWNSHir OF AMIU.E.
293
TAYLOR OF AMBLE.
Robert Taylor ; heki lands in Amble, 1630.
John Taylor of Amble ; was laled in 1663 for lands there ; buried 28ih March, 168.S («).
Martin Taylor of Amble ; btiried
1 71 1 («)■*
5th Sept., = Margaret, sister and devisee of Robert Reed of
I Amble ; living I3lh April, 1720 (g).
[? Alice Smith
of Kelton par-
ish ; married
22nd June,
1722 (/) ;
buried loth
May, 1730
I
John Taylor of Amble, =
son and heir of Martin j
Taylor, also nephew
ancl devisee of Robert
Reid ; voted for lands
in Amble in 1722 and
1728 ; buried 3rd
July, 1766 (a).
Jane Armstrong, niece of
George Lawson of Gios-
ter-hill ; married 8th
Mar., 1731/2 (n) ; was
party to release dated
2nd April, 1737 {g) ;
bur. 23rd March, 1750/1
Robert Taylor of Amble,
joiner ; party to re-
lease, 2nd April, 1737
(jf) ; died at Wark-
worth, 28th Nov.,
buried 1st Dec, 1780,
aged 95 (a) (,*).
I I
Jane, baptised 5th July, 1 733 («).
[?Jane Taylor of Amble buried
28th May, 1767 («).]
Margery, baptised 7th Dec, 1 744 (a).
,J I i I I I
Martni, baptised gth June, 1713 (a) ; [? buried 17th Nov.,
1769 («).]
George, baptised 5th Nov., I 71 7 (a).
Robert, baptiseil 28th Jan., 1719/20 (n).
Grace, baptised 19th April, 1 71 5 («).
Dorothy, bap. 28th Dec, 1721 (a) ; bur. 5th Nov., 1727(a).
Margaret, baptised 28th Dec, 1 72 1 (a).
, I .1
Martin, bap. loth
.'\ug., 1697 (a).
Ricliard, bap. 14th
Nov., 1699 («) ;
bur. 27th June,
1705 («).
[? Barbara Fawcus
of Warkworth ;
married 26th
May, 1726 (a).]
I I
Thomas Taylor, baptised
6th Jan., 1 701/2 (•/) ;
of Guyzance, plough-
wright, 1737 («) ;
party to release, 2nd
April, 1737 (_g). I
Margaret, baptised Qth March, buried 4th Aug., 1732 (a).
George, baptised 22nd
Aug., 1704 (a) ; buried
20th Sept., 1724 (a).
A son ; buried 20th Oct.,
1709(a).
[? Margaret Pink-
ney of Wark-
worth ; mar-
ried 9th Jan.,
1762 (a).]
Martin Taylor of Amble,
eldest son and heir-at-
law ; \'oted for lands
in Amble in 1774 ;
buried 8th May, 1782
(a) ; will dated 4th
May, 1782 (^).
Ann, daughter of John Stephenson
of North Shields ; married nth
.\pril, 1774 (''')(0 I s^''!'^ devisee
and executrix to her husband's
will ; died in Fifeshire, 21st Mar.,
1836 (^) ; will dated 22nd Dec,
1830, at Sandgate, Kent ; re-
corded proved in F'ife, 13th April,
1836 (^)-
I I
Read, baptised
9th Oct., bur.
17th Nov.,
1724 (a).
Thomas Taylor,
baptised 26th
Feb., 1727/8
(a). .1.
Jane, baptised
2nd April,
1695 (a).
I I
Jane, baptised
7th April,
1723 («)■
Joanna, bap-
tised 14th
J an., 1 729/30
(a).
I I
Lawson ; buried 6th
July, 1775 («)•
John, baptised 3rd
July, 1778 (fl) ;
died in infancy.
I
Maria Taylor, daughter and heiress, baptised = Andrew Moffat Wellwood of
5th Sept., 1776 (a) ; married 1 2th March,
1794 (") ; 'i'^'-l ■^ widow and intestate, 1st
Aug., 1847 (^) (.?) ; administration granted
at Durham, 13th Dec, 1847 {g).
Garvock, F'ifeshire, a cap-
tain in the army, boin
... Sept., 1754 ; living 3rd
June, 1846 (r/).
I
Jane, baptised
loth March,
1780 (a);
died in in-
fancy.
James Boswell
a Scottish
advocate.
= Anne Maria Wellwood, only child and heiress,
born at Amble, 20th Oct., 1797 (a) ; in 1848 of
Canaan park, Morningside, Scotland (f) ; died
gth Feb., 1872 Qg) (^).
Ralph Clark, sometime of Hau.xley, afterwards of
the Hill, near Emsworth, Hants. ; party to in-
denture, loth April, 184S (rf), being the settle-
ment made on his marriage with Ann Maria
Boswell (f).
I
I I I
John James Boswell
Syl)ille Boswell
Susan Wellwood Boswell
Maria ."Xnne Boswell ; died = The Rev. Alexander Rattray of
30lh Dec, 1855, at Laurel- St. Andrews; married at
fjank, Gourock, Scotland, Canaan park, Morningside,
aged 28 (^). 2Ist Dec, 1848 (,^).
.\lexander Wellwood Rattray of Partick, near Glasgow, born in the parish of St. .\ndiews,
Scotland, 2 1st July, 1849 l^g) («), who in 1875 sold the Taylor estate ui Amble.
\ll mentioned as imder
age in the settlement of
loth .\pril, 1S4S (f).
(^a) WariwoU/i Regater.
(J)) Mr. Clutterbuck's Common-
placi Book.
l6Sg, May 5. ' Martin Taylor of Newham and Ja
(c) Tynemoiilh Register. (/) Ihitl. (Miss Lamb),
(r/) Am/ik Deeds (the late (/) Fel/nn Register.
Dr. Currie). {g) Mr. P^. Lawson-Smith's /^^i/f.
.... etson of Gloster-hill ' mar. Wnriworlh Register.
294 WAKKWOUIH PARISH.
Mr. Alexander Wellwood Rattray, the representative of the Tavlor
family, in 1875 sold his estate' by auction for about ;^i5,ooo: the residence
known as Amble house was purchased by the late Dr. Currie (who devised
it to his wife), and the farm of Amble Link-house was purchased by the
trustees of the will of Mr. T. G. Smith of Togston.
The proceedings in the Court of Exchequer in 1615, already referred to,
were largely the result of the gradual changing of the course of the river
Coquet, which resulted in a tract of ground some i() acres in extent being
subtracted from the south and added to the north side of the stream. This
gradual and natural variation was interfered with in 1765, when by a more
violent process the river left its old course and broke another and shorter
way through the links at a point intermediate between the river mouth and
the place where it now flows into the sea. Since 1765 the river mouth has
very slowly and gradually worked southward.
In 1837 an Act of Parliament was obtained and commissioners were
appointed for the purpose of improving the mouth of the river and forming a
harbour. After the consideration of various schemes, plans submitted by
Mr. John Murray were adopted on the advice of Sir John Rennie ; these
plans, with certain modifications and additions, have been carried out at a
cost of over t<'20o,ooo. The engineering v.'orks comprise the construction of
two heavy stone piers (one on either side of the river's mouth), _which
confine the entrance to the harbour to a width of about 250 feet and the
straightening and deepening of the river and the erection of a line of quays
and of shipping berths upon the south side. The import trade is incon-
siderable, and consists of pit props, deals, and other timber. There is an
export trade of bricks, fireclav, iron, herrings, etc., besides the greater part
of the coal raised by the Broomhill and Radcliffe Coal Companies. -
In i86g the townships of Amble, Hauxley, with Coquet Island, Gloster-
hill, and part of Togston were severed from the ecclesiastical parish of
Warkworth and constituted an ecclesiastical district or parish;^ the new
' ."Xmble Link-house farm comprised 1S5 acres, and is subject to a rectorial tithe rent-charge of
/^34 igs. 5id, and a vicarial tithe lent-charge of £6 10s. o|d. The parcels of land sold at the same time
in clifit'erent lots comprised about 30 acres. Conditions of Sale, 1875.
- The followinfj are the returns of shipments of coal, each year ending on the 30th June: 1884,226,491;
1885,253,194; 1886,275,601; 1887,210,382; 1888,298,397; 1889,311,673; 1890,360,740; 1891,365,411;
1892,360,988; 1893,354,174; 1894,416,598; 1895,440,842; 1896,471,011; 1897,499,830; 1898,515,291.
^ By Order in Council published in London Gazette, 5th February, 1869. In 1889 the district was
enlarged by the addition of nearly the whole of the remaining portion of Togston township. London
Gazette, 1889.
TOWNSHIP OF AMnLE. 295
benefice was endowed bv the Ecclesiastical commissioners under the Local
Claims Act, with a fraction of the great tithes of the rectory of Warkworth.'
A church, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, was built in 1870,- and a parsonage or
vicarage house in 1876." The township of Amble was constituted a local
government district in 1S78.
The Roman Catholics began a mission by holding services at Cliff-
house in 1S44, but it was suspended from 1850 to 1876, and in 1879 a
school chapel was built on a plot of ground on the site of the old manor
house given bv Mr. Charles Leslie.'
A Congregational chapel'' was built in 1848 and replaced by a new
structure in 1894, and the Wesleyan Methodist Society built a meeting house
in 1865, which was replaced by a larger chapel in 1S91." A public school
under the management of a committee of the inhabitants was provided about
1854, and a National school was built in 1872;' both are under government
inspection.
•Tithe rent charges of /170 19s. 6d. arising in Amble, ^71 los. yd. arising in Hauxley, and
^118 5s. arising in Morwick, etc., were granted Ijy the commissioners. London Giir-dti-, 6th Feliruary, 1869.
lliiii. 27th January, 1871. A payment of ^120 per annum was granted out of the common fund, for the
maintenance of a curate. Ibid. 8th December, 1871.
- Built on a piece of ground conveyed to the Ecclesiastical commissioners in 1S63 by Mr. T. G.
Smith's trustees, from designs by Messrs. Austin .S: Johnson of Newcastle. Perpetual curates or vicars of
Amble: 1869-1882, Arthur O. Mcdd, subsequently incumbent of ISamburgh {cf. vol. i. of this work, p. 98);
November, 18S2, James Fairbrother, liishop Halfield hall, Durham, L.Th., 1872, the present incumbent.
'^1,500 was granted by the Ecclesiastical commissioners for this purpose. London Gazcilc, 30th
December, 1870. The parsonage was built from designs by Messrs. Johnson & Hicks of Newcastle.
' The Roman Catholic chapel is dedicated to the Sacred Heart and St. Cuthbert. The foUowmg
priests have ministered at Amble: 1844-1847, William Fletcher, who resided at Longhorsley, and
afterwards fell a victim to the cholera in Newcastle in 18471;?) ; 1847-1849, James Hubbersty ; 1849-1S50,
John Rogerson, afterwards domestic prelate to the pope and chaplain to the English congregation of
Roman Catholics in Paris, where he died in 1885; 1876-1882, Charles Gregory Smith, who resided at
Felton; 18S2-1884, Thomas McAucIvfe, D.D., who resided at Felton ; 1884-1886, Edward Robert,
resident at .A.mble ; 1886-1889, John Roth, afterwards of Hadamar, Nassau; 1889, Edmund Barnett ;
1889-1891, Matthew Culley ; 1891-1896, Matthew Forster ; 1898, Charles Dunn, the present chaplain.
Ex inf. the Rev. Matthew Forster of Hutton Henry, co. Durham.
= Ministers of the Congregational church: 1848, James Wood ; . . Sunderland; . . Rogers;
Wm. Knox; Wm. Stewart ; 1859-1869, William Nicholson, M. A., of the university of Helsingfors, agent
of the Bible Society at St. Petersburg, 1869-189S, author of Myth and Rclif^ion, an Enquiry into then
Nature and Relation, pnnted by the Press of the Finnish Literary Society, Helsmgfors, 1892 ; 1869-1877,
Wm. A. Kyd, M.A. ; 1877-1887, Hopper Joplin ; 1SS7-1896, Jos. Bow ran ; 1896, Robt. Teasdalc, the
present minister. The old trust deed is dated 22nd December, 1847, and the new trust deed 6th June,
1887.
° The new chapel was built from designs by Mr. George Reavell, junior.
' At the present time the National schools are being rebuilt on a new site.
296 WARKWORTH PARISH.
TOWNSHIP OF HAUXLEY.i
Immediately to the south of Amble is the seaboard township of
Hauxlev, which, inclusive of Coquet Island, comprises an area of 753 acres.
At the census of 1891 it had a population of 1,030.^ The village which
gives its name to the township stands on a tree-sheltered knoll. It is con-
spicuous on every side, and embraces an extensive sea view over Druridge
Bay to Newbiggin Point, and in certain conditions of the atmosphere even
as far as Souter Point lighthouse, near Sunderland. The village consists of
one street, at the east end of which is Hauxley cottage, the residence of Mr.
M. H. Dand, near which is a one-story cottage retaining a heavy door head
with the date 1600 and a window with massive mouldings, a fragment of a
larger building, the old mansion of the Widdrington family. On the south
side of the street is Hauxley hall, now^ the property of Mr. S. F. Widdrington,
but formerly possessed by the Kirton familv ; over the north door in raised
letters are the initials and date M. K. 1724. The extensive and productive
gardens surrounded by high stone walls were laid out and added to after
the house was purchased by John Widdrington about 1762, and the park-like
field which stretches to the south and west was probably planted with
clumps and strips of trees about the same period. Until sixtv or seventy
years ago there was a heronry in the park, and there is still a rookerv. The
township also contains the fishing hamlet of Sea-houses, the homesteads of
Bondicar and Amble Moor-house, and the mining village of Radcliffe
collierv.
The township of Hauxley is situated on a strip of land Iving between the
Millstone Grit and the great Acklington dike, which, after crossing the entire
width of Northumberland, enters the sea at Bondicar.' On the beach may be
seen calcareous sandstone, a fossiliferous bed of conglomerate, in part overlaid
by a glacial deposit containing ice-worn boulders ; and at low spring tides
an old surface soil with well-preserved tnmks and roots of a submerged
forest remaining in it. The strong loam with a clav subsoil provides
excellent pasture land and fine wheat crops.
' C/. a paper on Amble and Hauxley, Hist. Beni: Nat. Club, xiv. pp. 87, 255.
' The Census Returns are : iSoi, 92 ; 181 1, 113 ; 1821, 114 ; 1831, 143 ; 1841, 457 ; 1851, 811 ; 1S61
937; 1871,556; 1881,972; 1891, 1,030.
" C/. Lebour, Geology of Northumberland and Durham, p. 49.
TOWNSHIP OF HArXI.EY. 297
Though there are traces of old workings, tlie coal-fulcl uiulcrlviiig this
township and that of Amble was unwrought in modern times' until 1837,
when a company was promoted for that purpose. Since then operations
have been carried on with considerable success, and the population is now
more than tenfold what it was at the bemnninr; of the century. Another
shaft has recently been sunk which, though not within, is verv close to, the
township boundary. About 300 hewers are emploved by the Kadclille Coal
Company, and there is an output of about 850 tons per day.
The stell fishery for salmon belongs to the duke of Northumberland, -
and the white fishery, which before the dissolution of the monasteries
belonged to the prior and convent of Tynemouth, belongs to Mr. S. F.
Widdrington. There are about sixteen families of fishermen now residing at
the hamlet of Sea-houses, who until twenty years ago lived in cottages
in the village of Hauxlev. There is also a station of the National Lifeboat
Society and of the rocket brigade. Lobsters of very fine quality are caught
here in great numbers.
Up to the beginning of this century the fishermen and others prepared
and burnt great quantities of kelp. The seaweed' was cut from the rocks at
low water during the summer months and carried in panniers on the backs
of ponies to the links, and there dried in the sun. Circular hollows, 3 or 4
feet wide, were dug in the ground and set round with stones ; in them the
seaweed was placed and fired. The liquid which exuded was worked with
iron rakes into a uniform consistence, which on cooling consolidated into a
heavy dark-coloured alkaline substance, and after being subjected to a
refining process was used in the manufacture of glass and soap.
Unlike the sister to^ynship of Amble, Hauxley has not yielded many
finds of prehistoric remains, though flint arrow heads and other small imple-
ments of the same material have been found in the arable field east of
Hauxley cottage.'' Though not specifically named, there can be little doubt
' A mining lease, dated 2nd of Apiil, 1754, was granted for 21 years by the call of Lichfield and Lord
Bellew, tiustees of the Radcliffe estates, to John Cook of Togston at the rent of ^20 a year.
Another lease dated 1st April, 1785, was granted for 9 years by Lord Montague and Sir Herbert
Mackworth by the description of 'lords of the manor of Amble' to John Widdrington, and to Edward
Cook and William Smith, both of Togston, at £z\ 5s., but upon condition that the itams of coal be )wt
tforked. Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Papers. - Cf. Act i Vic. cap. Ixxvii.
' The upper parts of the laminaria shed in broken weather and washed ashore about the month of
May are known as May-tops ; the stems which adheie to the parent rock until about the month of
October are locally called ' belks or wassal.'
' Some of these flint arrow heads were exhibited by Mr. Henry Dand at a meeting of the Berwickshire
Naturalists' Club held at Powburn, 271b June, 1861. Hist. Dcvic.'Nat. Club, iv. p. 239.
Vou \. 3S
298
WARKWORIH PARISH.
A.
R.
A.
R.
28
I
Robertus filius Scotel
0
2
23
2
Rogerus filius Willclmi ...
32
3
21
0
Walterus filius Willelmi...
20
0
31
2
Rogerus filius Henrici ...
6
I
13
2
Robertus de Reynham ...
39
0
13
0
Rogerus Boynard
42
0
40
0
Simon filius Walteri
9
0
9
0
Adam Dede
3
0
9
0
Thomas filius Roberti ...
22
0
that this place was included in Robert de Mowbray's grant of lands to the
prior and convent of Tvnemouth ; in a charter of confirmation' granted by
Richard I. shortlv before his departure for the Holy Land, Hau.xley is
expressly mentioned, as it is in another charter granted by King John on the
25th of February, 1203/4." Under the priory a considerable number of
tenants held lands as copyholders or customary tenants, who, at the end of
the thirteenth century, claimed to be freeholders. Their names, with the
quantity of land respectively occupied by each, are shown in the following
list of 1295 :
Tenants in Hauxley, 1295.'
Willelmus Laysyng
Rogerus filius Nicholai ...
Robertus filius Rogeri ...
Robertus filius Willelmi Air
Randolfus filius Roberti ...
.Adam filius Nicholai
Rogerus filius Rogeri
Willelmus filius Hog'
Henricus Volpot ...
The foregoing names may be compared with those who were assessed
to, and paid the subsidy of, an eleventh in the following year :
Haukeslaw Subsidy Roll,
.Sunima bonorum Rogeri filii Willelmi
Walteri filii Willelmi
„ Roberti de Ranington
„ Rogeri filii Willelmi
„ Thomae filii Roberti
„ Willehiii filii Henrici
„ Rogeri filii Nicholai
„ Roberti filii Rogeri
„ Ranulphi filii Roberti
„ Adae filii Nicholai ...
„ Rogeri filii Rogeri ...
Rogeri filii Rogeri ...
Summa hujus villae, ^13 os. iW. I'nde doi
In the month of August, 131 9,* a certain Nicholas of Hauxlev, then
Iving a prisoner at Tynemouth in the prior's prison, in consideration of the
services he had rendered in the surrender of Mitford castle three years
before, obtained an amnesty or pardon for all oflFences committed before that
' From a recital contained in a confirmation charter, 29th June, 55 Henry HI. Gibson, Tynemouth
Monastery, i. p. 61. '" /^'rf. p. 69. ^ Tynemouth ChartuUiry, fol. 7.
* Friday before the Assumption, 15 Edw. II.
1296.
£ s.
d.
s.
d.
0 14
ui
unile regi
I
4i
0 16
10
I
6i
I 6
-»
2
4i
I 2
4
2
oh
0 19
0
I
9
I 6
8
n
5
0 1 1
8
I
o|
0 19
6
I
9i
I 1 1
2
2
10
I 3
I
2
I
I 10
2
2
8|
0 IcS
7
I
Si
nino regi, 2
3s. 7jd.
TOWNSHIP OK IIAIXI.KY. 299
date, and was accordingly released on bail, certain of his neighbours being
bound that he should appear at the next gaol delivery.'
About the year 1328 the priory had a revenue from Hauxley of
_^i8 7s. 2d. a year." It is not known what was the nature of the claim
of right to the manor of Hauxley made by the barons of Widdrington,
but during the priorate of Thomas de la Mare (134 1- 1349) a determined
effort was made by Sir Gerard de Widdrington to wrest it from the convent.
Only one side of the story has been preserved ; it represents Widdrington
as a bold and wealthy knight, who seized some Austin friars on their way
from Tynemouth and tortured them under the impression that they were
monks of the priorv, and a man who did not scruple to attempt the prior's
life. On the day appointed for the trial Widdrington was challenged to
battle by Sir Thomas Colvill, as champion of the prior ; Colvill had won
great renown in the French wars, and his intervention had been secured
through favour of the Lady Mary Percy .' ' All were struck with astonish-
ment at his unexpected appearance and at his boldness, and none durst
encounter him to try if the cause of his adversary were just.' Thus without a
blow being struck the priory of Tynemouth gained the day and retained
unquestioned possession of Hauxley.^
' 'A noble homme e sage Richard, priour de Tynemuth', Williem Ridel e Richard de Emeldon' iadiz
gardeyns de la pees en le counte de Northumljr' salutz e bon amour. Pur ceo qe nous avons cntenduz qe
vous avelz en vestre prisone un Nichol de Haukeslawe e le dit Nichol fuyt iin de eux qe renderent le
chastel de Mitford a nous a grant profit e salvcion de tut le pais de Northumbr' e par quel fait nous les
resceums par commissione qe nous aueioms de nostre seigneur le roi a la pees nostre seignur le roi par
certeyns condicions. Cest a savoir qe le roi lour graunta sa chartre de pardoun de toutz maneres des
trespas qils vrent faitz devant ces heures. Sur quoi nostre seignur le roy lour graunta par assent de
soun counseil de grauntir e performyr totes les condiciouns qe nous les grauntams e a eux de ceo fyt sa
chartre. Par quoi sire vous comaundoms de par le dit nostre seigneur le roi e prionis de par nous
meismes qe vous soefFretz le dit Nichol avoir les condiciouns les qeux nous luy grauntams et qe vous
ne luy detenetz en prisoun pur nule fait devant le rendre du dit chastel. Issynt qe altres de cele
condicioun ne preignent ensamplc en le secle qe uncore est dotous le leuyr encountre la pees par quoi
qe le pais porra venyr en greyndre riote qe ore nest. En tesmoigneaunce de quele chose a cestes lettres
patentes avoms mys nos seals. Escript a Noef Chastel sur Tyne le venderdy en la veel del .'\ssumpcion de
Notre Dame Ian du regne le Roi Edward filz le Roi Edward quinzisme.' Tynemouth Chai'tuhi!y,{o\. 212 b.
' Pateat universis per presentes quod nos Adam de Haukeslawe, Willelmus filius Thome de eadem,
Rogerus filius Willelmi filii Thome, Kobertus de Raynhain, Rogerus filii Willelmi filii Rogeri, Robertus
Savvage, Johannes filius Walteri, Robertus de .Seton' de Tynemuth, Johannes Curtys, Willelmus del
Kiln', Ricardus filius (jalfridi, et Rogerus filius Thome de Haukeslawe rccepimus in balhum corpus
Nicholai de Haukeslawe videlicet unusquisque nostrorum per se corpus pro corpore. Ad habenduni et
intrandum corpus predicti Nicholai in prisona de Tynemuth' ad proximam deliberacionem prisone ])redicte
apud Tynemuth. Et ad conservandum priorem de Tynemuth et Thomam de Raynton' ballivum
libertatis de Tynemuth indempnes et quenilibet eorum indempnem versus dominum regem et quoscumque
alios racione tradicionis balii predicti. Et quod dictus Nicholaus bene et fideliter amodo se habebit ad
pacem et ad fidem domini regis. Et ad ista singula predicta obligamus nos heredes et cxeculores
nostros et unumquemque nostrorum insolidum per presentes sigillis nostriac signatas. Date apud Tyne-
muth die veneris in festo Sancti Oswyni regis et martiris in autumpno anno rcgni Regis Edwardi
filii Regis Edwardi xv".' Ibid. fol. 213. - Ihiii. fol. 61.
' Prior de la Mare was confessor to Lady Mary Percy, who was wife of Henry Percy, baron of
.■\Inwick, and daughter of Henry, duke of Lancaster.
' Cott. MS. Claud. E, iv. fol. 236 b et S(q. Gibson, Tynemouth Monastery, ii. p. 45.
300 WAKKWoK I 11 PARISH.
A pension of ^lo a vcar to be jiaid lo Nicholas Boston ulu-n he
resigned the priorate of Tyneniouth in 1480 was chargttl upon Hau.xlcy.^
At the dissohition Hauxley, with the other possessions of Tynemonth priory,
was surrendered to the Crown. At that time the rents of eleven copyhold
tenants, rendered by the hand of John Widdrington the bailiff, anioiintcd to
jCi<') OS. jd. per annum, besides whicli tliey paid lod. for the pannage of their
swine. The bailiff also accounted for 26s. 8d. for the profits or rents derived
from the four cobles used in the fishery, and for 6s. the assize of bread,
making a total revenue derived from Hauxley of ^"20 14s. id."
In 1552 the night watch was ordered to be kept 'from Wetherington-
park-nook to Cokket, with fourteen men nightlv, and thereto ' were
'appointed inhabitors of Wetherington, Drereghe, Est Chevingtone, Had-
ston, Aiklington, Toxden, Haxlave, Warkworthe, Ambell, Gloster-hill, and
Moryke.' 'John Fenwyke, Edward Tromble, John Haiford, Edward Clerk,
John Wilson, and Perseval Wylkynsone' were appointed to be setters
and searchers, and 'Ser John Wetherington, knight, John Heron, John
Wetherington, and Thomas Finche,' overseers of the watches.'' In the
same year the lordship of Hauxley was granted by the king on a twenty-
one years' lease to Thomas Gower at the rent of £20 3s. id., and in 1590
John Parker obtained from Queen Elizabeth a similar lease for the term
of ihirtv-one years.'
At a muster taken on Clifton field on the 24th of November, 1595,
there appeared from Hauxley, Roger Carr, Roger Baird, and nineteen others,
who all seem to have been returned as defective, except Robert Widdrington
of Hauxlev, who 'rode on a bav horse with two white feet,' and was armed
with the 'full furniture of a coote of plate, a Steele capp, sword and daggor
and spear or staff.'*
In the survey" made in September, 1608, by Haggatt and Warde by
order of the Court of Exchequer alreadv mentioned in the account of
Amble, the commissioners found that the sum of copyhold rents in Hauxley
was ;^ig 2s., and that the other rents amounted to 30s.:
.All the tenants of Amble, bcinge xiiij uhole tenements, and all the tennantes of .Auxley, beinge x, doe
paic yerlie for pannage of their swyne within the niannor i'' per famie, in all ii' per annum.
' MS. Rawl. in Bibl. Bodl. Codex, B, 332, fol. 50. Ciibson, Tyiuinuulli Monastii-y, i. p. 184.
-■ Ministers' Accounts, 30-31 Henry VIII. Ibid. i. p. 227. ■' Nicolson, Border Latas, p. 197.
' Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Papers. '' Cat. Border Papers, Bain, ii. pp. 78, 79.
" Land Revenue Record Office, Surveys, Northumberland, James I. vol. 42.
TOWNSHIP OF IlAliXI.r-:Y.
301
Edwarde Hudson, Alexander Driden, and Aicliiljald Atclieason lioiilde llu; lisliiny llier, consistinge of
iii cobles for which they pay xx'' tislies per coble, every lishe rated at iiii" aniounleth to vj" viij'' per coble,
it beinge by auncient custome, per annum in toto xx'. Annual value beyond the rent, 6s. 8d.
Henrie Wcoddrington. gent., houldeth ther the office of baylic of .Xinbeli and .Xuxley by letters patenles
graunted him scince the kinge's cominge to the crowne, and hath ycerlie fee xxvj" viij''.
Item, there is one Cuthberte Cresvvell, gent., that offereth to build a new wyndmill' within the mannor
aforesaid att his owne charges, and will aunswere unto his majestic and his successors for the same the
yerely rent of iii" iiij ", w'hich wee deeme good service to his highncs and necessarie for the tenauntes,
havinge noe mill to grind alt save att the earle of Nortluiinberland his mills att VVarkeworlh which is
distant from Auxley twoo myles.
Survey of Hauxley, Septemukk, 1608.
Annual
Copyhold Tenant.
Former Tenant.
Date of Copy.
Money
Rent
Value
beyond
Rent.
£ s. d.
£ s d
Roger Carre
William Taylor
[Not shown]
243
800
Robert Wilson
Edward Wilson, his grandfather
yth October, i 594
2 I 10
7 10 0
Robert Wooddrington
Edward Meddowes
1 2th /Vpril, 1597
I 1 1 10
600
William Jackson
Edward Browell
24th March, 15S6/7
I 12 5
650
William Taylor
John Tavlor, his father
24th March, i 596/7
I 9 9
5 IS 0
William Hall
William Hall, his father
nth April, 1584
I 12 9
650
Ihid. a cottage
Edward Clarke
I2lh April, 1597
0 5 6
0 13 4
Roger Hudson
John Hudson, his father
Sth February, 1601/2
I 14 I
6 13 4
Roger Clarke
John Clark, his father ...
1 ith June, '563-
2 5 7
800
Henry Woodrington,
gent., two tenements
The same Henry hou
Roger Woodrington, his father
Ideth without coppie or
... Sept., 1587
Some totall of the val
4 4 3
ue of the
12 0 0
ought els, aboute ai
1 acre of meadowe called
copiholdc landes ii
Auxley...
67 I 8
Hall-meadowe, anc
ipayeth yeerly rent 4s.
In 1611 a roval commission was issued to Mark Errin<rton and Thomas
Surtees, esquires, and William Jackson, gent., 'for the survayeng of his highnes
cole mynes,' in the counties of Durham and Northumberland;'' they reported:
By examination of the tenants and neighbors of Auxley it is affirmed that the mynes of cole there are
drowned, yet there is myne of cole enoughe if the water could be overcomed ; the pitts are viii or
ix fathom in depenes and three-quarters in thicknes ; a reasonable good burnyng cole, but what charge
will Wynne the said inyne cannot certenly be knowen, nether what other seame of cole in the same
ground can or may be discovered.
Thomas Tweddy of Ambell, aged fortie yeres, one of the hewers within the cole pitt there by the
space of seaven yeres, sayeth that there is only one pitt wrought, and now in the tenure of Edmond
' George Whitehead, writing to the earl of Northumberland from Warkwoilh on the 24th June,
1609, says :
Since my last letters dated 21st of this instant and sent by Lawrence Rushfoide, which I think is
hardly comed to your lordship's handcs, I have had true and certayne intelligence tliat .Mr. Warde and
one Creswell ar presently to erect a winde milne at Hauxeley towne, wherunto, by cause Mr. Warde is the
kinge's surveyor, they meane to bynde the whole sukken and grist of both these townes of Ambell and
Hauxeley to that milne. I do assuredly knowe your lordship will be dampnefyed ^20 yearcly rent in
the next lettings of Warkworth milnes. To prevent this I knowe no w-ay as yet onely that the towne of
Ambell doe pay every tennant a bushell of barley yearly to the milnes of Warkeworth, and as I yet can
learne ar tyed to grind at your milnes. Di/A-f of Northuiiiberhiini's MSS.
^ Date of the copy of John Clark, the father.
' Land Revenue Record Office, Surveys, York, Hen. \TII., Mary, James I., 7, fol. iiS.
^02 WAUKWORTIl PARISH.
Fynchc and Henry Kiiton by leave or covenant from one Mr. HunicrNlcm. He ^ayelli llie pills are
and wilbe in depcncs about 4, 5, or 6 fathoms, the seanic half a yard lliick. A cakiny coale filt for fyer
or salt pans. There is great quantilie of niyne to endme for many yercs. if the water could be drawn or
wonnc; the roof is bad and falls of itself. He sayth that they could worke more if there were more vent
or sale, and is verilic persuaded that his masters doe not gayne above ten pounds per annum, and
knoweth of noe other mynes there likely to be discovered.
Hau.xlev reniaiiU'd in the Crown until the 25th of September, 1628,
when it was conveyed by Charles I. to Ditchiield and others as trustees for
the city of London in payment of a large sum of money advanced to the
king. It was immediately resold to Sir William Hewitt of Brightwell,
Suffolk, and to Thomas Hewitt, his son.' On the 22nd of July, 1630,
Hewitt and his son conveyed to Richard Brown and Thomas Palfrey ' All
those lands and tenements in Hauxley, being part of the premises conveyed
to them' by Ditchfield 'some time in the several tenures of Roger Carr,
Edward Wilson, Edward Meadows, William Hall, John Hudson, John
Clark, Roger Widdrington, and Edward Clark, and now in the tenure of
Thomas Carr, son of the above Roger Carr, Henry Kirton, William Hall,
son of the above William Hall, John Hudson, grandchild of the said John
Hudson, William Clark, son of the above John Clark, and Henry Widdrington,
son of the above Roger Widdrington,' with two small parcels of ground ni
Amble in the possession of the said Henry Widdrington, at the rent of 4d.,
and the profits of the cobles at Hauxley of the yearly rent of 20s. The
vendors reserved the mines of coal, etc., and covenanted that the purchasers
should pay ;^i6 4s. id. ])er annum, a proportionate part of ;^i() os. yd., the
rent reserved for the Crown." In the following year on the 24th of June,
Hewitt sold to Sir William Fenwick of Meldon the lands formerly occupied
by William Jackson and others, and all the rest of Hauxlev, except what had
been conveyed to Brown and Palfrey.'
Brown and Palfrey do not appear to have had any beneficial interest in
the premises conveyed, but to have acted as trustees for Henry Widdrington
and others of the customary tenants who took this opportunity of enfranchising
their lands. Up to 1640 the township lav open and undivided, but it was in
that year apportioned amongst the freeholders bv mutual agreement ; the
' Mr. .S. V. Wiilclrinyton's Piipirs. Also schedule of .\mble and Hauxley Deeds, Rev. John Hodgson's
CulUitiuii.
- 1630, 22nd July. Indenture of bargain and sale from Sir William Hewitt, knight, and Thomas
Hewitt, esq., his son and heir, to Richard Brown and Thomas Palfrey of several tenements in Hauxley
and two parcels of land in Amble to hold in fee farm, rendering to the king ^16 4s. is., etc. Mr. S. F.
Widdrington's Papers and Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, E, 2. ^ Ibid.
TOWNSHIP OF HAUXIEV. 3O3
award has not been recovered, bnt the rate book of 1663 shows that the town-
ship was at that time of the annual value of /'131, and was held as follows :
Hauxley, 1663.
£
Robert Widdrington, esq., whose lands
were rated at ... 40
Mr. Nicholas Lewin do. ... 20
William Kirton do. ... 24
i
William Carr whose lands were rated at 13
John Clark do. do. 13
John Hudson do. do. 10
Robert Hall do. do. 1 1
The immediate ancestors of Robert Widdrington, whose name stands at
the head of the above Hst, besides being customary or copyhold tenants in
the township, acted as baihfls, first of the priory of Tynemouth, and after the
dissolution as bailiffs and collectors for the Crown. He was also lineallv
descended from Sir Gerard Widdrington, whose claim upon the manor of
Hauxley in the fourteenth century, though defeated at that time, was, in
part, realized, and has been maintained by his descendants.
The following is an inventorv of the personal estate and effects of Roger
Widdrington, who died in the year 1587 :
Inventory of Roger Widdrington of Hauxley, 23RD March, 1587/S.
Inprimis: His coyne, apparell, and other furniture, £7 i6s.
In tlie hali : 2 counters or tables with 4 trussels and 5 formes, 8s.; 2 carpet clothes for table, 3s. 4d. ;
one halfe dosen of cuishions, 2s. ; 2 chaires, is. 8d. ; one iron chimney, one paire of tonges, and one
porre, 6s.
In the upper bed chamber: 1 bcdsteades with all the beddinge, ^5 i6s. ; 2 webbes of wollen clothe,
£,\ ; one chaire, one countei', 2 cupbordes, and 4 chistes, ^i 6s. 8d.
In the lille c/uimber: One presser and 4 bedsteads with the beddinge, ^i 13s. 4d.
In the parley: 4 bedsteads with the furnituie or beddinge, £2 13s. 4d. ; one counter, one olde chist,
and one chaire, 3s. 4d. ; one banded coft'er, 2 cradles, and one chist, 6s. 8d.; one almorie, 13s. 4(1.;
one iron chimney, 6s. 8d. ; the servants' beddinge, 6s.; the nappers and linninge, straiken, and hardinge,
ZS 9s- 4d.
/;; the larder and buttcrye: 2 beist tubbes, one olde cupborde, one cheese presse, 8 lyenge barrels,
4 standinge barrels, and 3 tubbes or guile fattes with all the other woodden vessals, i6s. ; one basin
and one ewer, 3s. 4d. ; one salt of silver, single guilt, and one halfe dosen of silver spoones, ^'3 6s. 8d. ;
one tin salt, one dosen of tin spoones, and fower candlesticks, 3s. 4d.
In an olde caphouse above the biitterye: Twooe bedsteads, is.
In the kitchin and hreichouse: One leade and one maskinge fat, 15s. lod.; 36 peires of pcwder
vessals, 8 pottingers, 10 sawcers, and II plate trenchers, ^i 12s.; 2 greate brasse pottes, 2 lesser
pottes, and one posnet, £z\ one copper kettle and 2 pannes, 8s.; 2 iron spitts, 4 crooks, one broylinge
iron, and one jibcrooke, 5s. 8d.
In tlie boutinf^e house: One arke, one boutinge tubbe, one brcadc brake, one mouldeing bordc, and a
gouse cawle, 4s. 4d.
In the malt house and kilne harne: 5 malt chistes, one stepinge fat, and one goose cawle, ^^4.
Come: The harde corne, £27; the beare or bigge, ^^5 ; the oates, £() 6s. 8d. ; the pease, 6s. 8d. ; the
harde corne at Morwicke, ^3 3s.; the otes at Morwicke, £1 17s. 4d. ; the beare, 15s.
Cattcll and lyvinge beasies: One olde geldinge, £1; one yonge geldinge, £2; 4 mares, ^4 13s. 4d. ;
15 draught o.\e, .£20; 2 mart oxe, £2; 5 kyne and 3 calves; £^; one oxe, one stot, and 4 quycs,
£2 los. ; 19 sheepe, £2 13s. 4d. ; 8 swine, 13s. 4d. ; the geese and the hennes, 7s. 8d.
304
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Husbandryc f^care : The waines, ploughes, and iron sowmcr, uilh all other the instninients and
furniture perteyninge to husbandrye, £2, 45- 4fl-
In the stahte: One ote chist, 2s. ; 2 saddles and 2 bridles, 5s.
Fishiiige lines: The great lines and small lynes, 5s. 4d. ; 2 eases, ^^6 6s.
Debts owinge to him, £4 15s. 8d.
Debts owinge by him: For one whoUe yeare's [?rcnl] of his tenement in Hawkeslcy, £4 4s. 3d.; for one
wholle yeare's rent of the conye warrant, los.; for the liaylifs medowc, 4s.; for the wholle yeave's
rent of his parte of a coble, i8s. ; to Margerye Wootherington, his sister, for her whoole childe's
porcion, ^30; to Jane Wooddrington, an other sister, for the last part of her porcion, ^Ti; is. 8d. ; to
inaide servants for their wages, lis. 3d.; to men servants, £2 iSs. ; to Robert Staper, £1 6s. Sd. ;
funerall expenses, ^^3 6s. Total, ^60 19s. lod.
WIDDRINGTON OF HAUXLEY.
Arms : Ouar/er/v, argent and gules ; over ail a hend sable. Visitation.
Roger Widdrington of Chibburn, a younger = M
son of Sir Ralph Widdrington of Widdrington,
by Felicia Claxton, his first wife {c).
I
John Widdrington of Chibburn =^ Katherine
and Hauxley, son and heir (or Isabel),
(c) ; in 1 531) bailiff of the daughter of
manors of .-Xmble and Haux- William
ley under the prior of Tyne- Rennet of
mouth; in 1550 was one of Kenton;
the gentlemen inhabiting in ■ second
the Middle Marches (<•). wife (c).
Elizabeth (c); [? married Lancelot Gerard Widdring-
Horsley of Brinkheugh, who ton, son and heir;
died 1609' (c).] died s.p. (c).
abel (or Maud), daughter
of ... Strother of Kirk-
newton {c).
Mary, daughter
of Sir William
Ogle ; third
wife (c) ; upon
her marriage
her husband
had a grant
of three hus-
bandlands in
Shotton ((/).
I I
Roger
Wid-
drington
(«)■ ' 4-
Dorothy.
Roger Widdrington of Hauxley (c) ; was 26 years of age in
1575; inventory dated 23rd March, 1 587/8 (;e); adminis-
tr,ation of persona! estate, 28th March, 1 588, granted to
his brother Robert for the use of Henry, Claudius, Marcus,
and Ehzabeth, the children then under age (^).
M I I I I
Robert Widdrington (c) ; of Haux- _ Isabel (c).
ley in 1 59S, when he was an Barbara (c).
executor of the will of Robert Maud (c).
Widdrington of Plessey (/). Anne (<r).
James Widdrington (r).
Henry Widdrington of Hauxley ; was bailiff of the manors of Amble and
Hauxley in 1610 (/), and 20th March, 1626, was appointed by the king,
collector, etc., for the same manor (/), and one of the freeholders of the
county in 1628 (//) ; was living 23rd Nov., 1630 (/).
.. , daughter of
Henry Kirton
of Hauxley.
II.
Claudius.
Marcus.
Elizabeth.
= Robert Widdrington of Hauxley; deputy high sheriff of = Dorothy Ogle ; bond of marriage, 30th June,
Northumberland, 1664 ; buried 14th Nov., 1696(12); will 1681 ; post-nuptial settlement, l6th June,
dated 28th May, 1G92 (/). 1693 ; named in her husband's will.
William Widdrington of Barnhill, —
son and heir ; admitted to Gray
Inn, 6th June, 1655 ;
married at
Stannington 4th May, 1658 ; will
dated 17th Sept., 1664, 'to be
buried in Warkworth chancel.'
Barbara ... ; she remarried Lionel
Fenwick of Blagdon ; bond of
marria.ge, 24th July, 1665 ; and
was living his widow at Brenk-
ley, 3rd May, 1683 (/).
Ann, only daughter and heiress,
bora at Barnhill ; baptised 4th
Dec, 1662 (K).
.1111.
Elizabeth ; married Cuthbert Cairns of Firth
house; living 2Sth May, 1684 (/).
.Ann ; married Ralph Forster ; bond of mar-
riage, nth Dec, 1674; was dead before
28th May, 1684, leaving three children,
Robert, Jane, and Frances (/).
Isabel ; married Robert Fenwick of Lang-
shaws and Nunriding ; living 28th May,
1684, (/). si/
Mary ; married Edward Maxwell ; living 28th
May, 1684, having then a son, Robert Max-
well also then living (/).
•rowxsHii" (II iiArxi.Ev.
305
\ViUi;ini WidUriiigton of =
New Moor-house.
Silmuel AViildr
I
Rolierl Widdrington of
H-.uixlev : nephew and
heir of Robert Wid-
drington ; buried 6th
Oct., 1719 («) ; will
dated 1 7th Jan., 1716/7.
Frances Ilumljle of the par-
ish of Shilboille ; bond of
marriage. 26th July, l68<) ;
articles before maniage,
1st /Xug., 1689 (/) ; buried
5th Oct., 1742 (a).
Robert Widdrington ;
living 28th May, 1684.
rrr
Thomas Widdringlon was apprenticed Isi May,
1641, to Christ. Niiholson of Newcastle,
mcri ham adventurer (f).
Thomas Widibinglon, born
at l.ong I'lamlington, 24th
N'ov., l6;5 (/i) ; living 24th
1684 (/>:
Henry ] living 28th May,
Ralph / 1684 (/).
Mary, born at New Moor-
house, I7lh Nov.. baptised
1st Dec, 1653 (/,).
Klizahelh \ living 28ih May.
l-'rances j jM^ f/l.
Robeil Widdrington of llauxley and of Bondgale hall,
Alnwici< ; articles before marriage, Isi anil 2nd May.
1722 ; buried 20th .March, 1750/1 (n) ; will dated ;ih
July, 1747-
Sarah, daugluer of Rev. Timothy Punshon of Killingworth
and minister of Branton ; married ;ih Dec, 1722 (a);
died at .\hnvick ; buried IJlh Jidy, 1775 («).
John Widdrington of nano\er
.Square, Newcastle, attorney-
al-Iaw, baptised No\end>er,
1701 (^a) ; married at Gates-
head, 23rd July, 1728 (w) ;
died l6th October, 1769 («).
= J
me, daughter of John
Carr of Dunston hill,
baptised at AVhick-
haiu, 15th June, 1701 ;
died 14th Nov., 1742,
and was buried there.
Dorothy ; married firstly, 4th .\ug., 1719, Thomas Smith
of West Thirston («), and secondly, at I-ong I'ramling-
ton, 19th .April, 173S, William Carr of Warkworth.
Ann ; married before iGth Aug., 1733 (/), lidward Young
of Togston and \\'arkworth (c/). 4/
Frances ; died unmarried ; buried 31st Aug., 1733 (rt) ;
will dated 1 6th Aug., 1733 (/).
John Widdrington of Newcastle ; succeeded to
Haii.xley on the death of his cousin Nathaniel
Widdrington ; buried 14th Nov., 1797 (a) ;
will dated 6th Aug., 17S3 (/).
Jane, daughter of Wi'
A'icai' of Finden, Sus
Midhurst, Sussex, 21
died 6th Sept., 1824,
lliam Swinhurn,
sex ; married at
stOct., 1762 (/);
aged 82 (0).
I
Robert,
born 9th
Dec, 1723
(«) ; bur.
3rd Nov.,
1743 (")■
John Witldrington
of Hauxley and
of Alnwick, at-
torney, born It)th
Mar., 1727/8 («);
died s./>. ; buried
14th Jan., 1780
(a) ; will dated
9th Dec, 1779 (/).
■ Isabella, daughter of John Forster
of Adderston, and the last in
a direct line of that family ;
manied at Rdlingham, 26th
May, 1767 ; articles before
marriage, 2Ist Ma}', 1767 ; bur-
ied 9th April, 1780 (a) ; will
dated 31st March, 1780 ; proved
at Dinham the same year.
.Ml
Nathaniel Widdringlon of
Hauxley ; died tnmiarried ;
bm. gth luly, I783(rt) ; will
dated 28th Aprd, 1783 (/).
William ; buried 25th .Aug..
.1751 (a).
Timothy, born 23rd Nov.,
1729 (a) ; buried 2nd Nov.,
1732 («).
Sarah, born 23rd
Feb., 1730
(«) ; died at
Alnwick ;
buried 5th
Jan., 1777 (");
will dated 3rd
July, 1775 (0-
I I
Frances ; = Edward Brown of East Chev- Mary ; mar-
married ington, born at Hauxley, ried at
30th June. I baptised 2nd Dec, 1742 ('jj ; Alnwick,
'767 (") i i 'Ji'^J ''l^ E-'^l Chevington. 21st Jan.,
biuied2ist j 26lh Jan., 1785 (a); admin- 1762 (;').
June, 1770 I istration, 2Ist July, 1785, to
(a). j daughter Sarah (/).
William Teasdale, a son of
Christopher Teasdale of
Knipe-hall, AVestmorland,
and cajJtain in General
Lambton's regiment ; died
in Newcastle, i7th Feb.,
1767 (i).
I
Elizabeth ; living un-
married, 30th Dec,
1763 ; died at Aln-
wick ; buried jth
Jan., 1777 (a) ;
will dated 3rd July,
1775 (0-
I
Edward Brown, born
at East Chevington,
baptised 23rd Oct.,
1770 (rf) ; died in
infancy, 3rd Sept.,
1781 (/) ; adminis-
tration 1 6th Dec,
1799 (0-
^1
Sarah, baptised 6th Jtme, 176S (a) ; co-heiress by
will of her kinsman, John Widdrington of New-
castle ; married Joseph Cook of Newton-hall,
vicar of Shilbottle, and assumed the name of
Widdrington ; died Ilth Jan., 1840, buried at
W^irkworth. \1/
From whom Widdrington of Newton-hall and
Hauxley.
I
(a) Waitwortii Regisley.
(li) Fellcn Register.
(c) Flower's Visitation of Yoth/iirr^
1563-4-
((/) Hodgson, A'ar/zi/yflM^rZ/'/^, pi, ii,
vol. ii. p. 297.
(«) IliiJ. pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 24S.
Vol. V.
(/) Hit,/, pi. ii. vol. li. ]>. 236.
i^g) Raine, Testa.
(/() Arch. Ael. 410 series, ii. p. 318,
(/) Gentleman s Mag.
(/■I Loy.don Gaz tie, 4th March, iSog.
(./) Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Deeds.
{in') Gateshead Register.
Sarah Teasdale of Chichester, co-heiress
under the will of her kinsman, John
AViddrington of Hauxley; married in
1784 (/), Eieut.-col. David Latimer
Tinling, who assumed by royal licence
the additional name of Widdrington (Jt),
and attained the lauk of lieut. -general
in thearmj'. She died in 1816 (/).
(«) Newcastle Chromc'e, Oct., 1 769.
(0) .M.I., St. Andrew's, Newcastle.
(/») Newcastle Journal. 30th Oct., 1762.
(^) Newcastle Merchant Adventurers^
Dendy, ii., p. 263 (Surtees Soc).
39
;o6
WARKWORTH PARISH.
WIDDRINGTON OF XK\VTON-()\-THE-MOOK AND HAUXLKV.
Joseph Cook of Nc\vton-on-lhe-Moor,
clerk in orders, vicur of Shilhoule and
of C'hauon, baplised 2lsl Nov., 1759;
died 24tli M.iy, 1S44. ajjed 8; ; buried
al Sliiiliollle ; administration lo jier-
sonal estate granted 22nd Nov., 1844.
Sanxh, daiiijhter and sole heiress of I^dward lirown of Hroonihill. hy his wife
Frances, daughter of Robert Widdringion of Ilanxloy ; born 27th .\|iril. 176S ;
articles before marriage. 4th .Aug.. 1786 ; niaiYied 5tli .-\iig.. 1786 ; co-heiiess
and devisee of John \\'iddringlon of Newcastle and Ilaiixley. inider the direc-
tion of whose will she assumed the name of Widdrington ; dieti at Morpeth,
Illh Jan.. 1S40, and was Iniried at Warkworth ; will dated 2nd Nov., 1831.
Samuel Edward Cook, captain R.N. and F.R.S. ;
by royal licence assumed the name of Widdring-
ton in 1S42 ; succeeded 10 one moiety of Hau.\-
ley at the death of his mother, and purchased
the other moiety in 1.S42 from the Rev. Sidney
Widdrington ; died 1856 ; will proved 3rd
.March, 1856. (See pedigree of Cook of New-
ton-on-the Moor.)
Other
issue.
I
[•ranees Cook, born at = Shalcioss Jacson of .Newton-
Sheepwash, 3rd Dec
17S8 ; baptised 31st
July, 1789 (a) ; mar-
ried at St. Andrew's.
Newcastle, 27th Mar.,
1819; died at .Morpeth;
buried al Shilbottle.
bank. Cheshire, a captain in
3id Light Dragoons ; born
16th Sept., 17S6 ; articles
1 efore marriage, 1 6th and
I7lh March. 1819 ; died
15th .'\ug., 1852 ; buried at
Bebington, Cheshire ; will
proved 28th Nov., 1852.
Shalcross Fitzherbert Jacson, born 4lh June.
1820 ; died at Hampton, 3rd June. 1.S24.
Widdrington Jacson, born r4th Feb., 1824; killed by a fall from his
horse, loth May, 1845, at Brecon, where there is a monumental
inscription to his memory.
Shalcross Fitzherbert Jacson.* born ^
in Newcastle, gth Feb.. 1826 ;
succeeded to the Hauxley and
Newton estates on the death of
his uncle in 1856, under whose
will he assumed the name of
Widdrington ; purchased the
Newton Villa estate in 189...
Cecilia, t daughter of F.d-
ward J. G. llojiwood
of Hopwood, Lanca-
shire ; articles before
marriage, 1 8th April.
1S64 ; married at Mid-
dleton, Lancashire,
20th April, 1864.
F.Iizabeth, born 2gth Sept., 1821 ; married first at
Daresbury, Cheshire, l6th Sept.. I.S4I. J. fl. Smith-
Barry of Marbury hall, Cheshire, and secondly, in
1S71. at Compton Verney. George, 2nd lord de Tabley.
Frances Isabella, born i8ih Dec, 182S ; married 7lh
Jul}-. 1853. at Daresbury, Cheshire. C. W. Ord of
Ninmykirk.
I I
Frances Dorothy; married at Shilbott!e, l8th Oct.,
1885, to Sir Edward Grey of I""allodon, b irt.
Idonea ; married at Shilbottle, 2nd F"eb., 1899, .\ddison
Francis B. Cresswell of Cresswell. _
Gerard Widdrington, son and heir, born 20th -April,
1871 ; baptised at Shilbottle; of Oriel College,
Oxon. ; matriculated 1S88.
Bertram Fitzherbert Widdrington, born 14th Sept.,
1873 ; baptised at Shilbottle ; lieut. 60th Rifles.
(«) Alnwick Register.
* Portraits by Signor Toffano and by W'eigall are al Newton,
t Portiait by Weigall, exhibited at the Ro3al Academy, is at Newton.
EvI^;E^■CES to Widdrincto.n Pedigrke.
1588, 28th March. Administration of the personal estate of Roger Widdrington of the parish of Warkworth
granted to Robert Widdrington the brother ; Henry, Claudius, Marcus, and tli2abeth, the children of the deceased
being under age. Raine, Tes/, Duuelm.
1597. Robert Widdrington of Hauxley was one of the jury which was alleged to have stirred up Lord Eure's
tenants in Sturton Grange, etc., to complain against him. Cal. Border Papers, Bain, ii. p. 341.
1664, 17th September. Will of William Widdrington of Barnhill, gent. To be buried in the chancel of
Warkworth amongst my predecessors ; my only child Anne, my kinsman Sir Ralph De'.aval, bart., my wife Barbara
executrix, my father Robert Widdrington of Hauxley, esq., supervisor. Proved 5ih Januar)-, 1665. Raine, Test,
Dunelm.
1683, 3rd May. Indenture between Robert Widdrington of Hauxley, esq., cf the first part, Sir Ralph Delaval
cf Seaton Delaval, bart., of the second part, and Ann Widdrington of Brenkley, gentlewoman, grand-daughter of the
said Robert Widdrington, of the third part ; to secure the payment of ^600 as a portion of the said Ann Widdrington.
Barbara Fenwick of Brenkley, widow, mother of the said Ann Widdrington, party to the deed. Mr. S. F.
Widdrington's Deeds.
1684, 28th May. A settlement whereby Robert Widdrington the elder settled his estates and lands in Hauxley,
Amble, Warkworth, Guyzance, Barnhill, Hartlaw, and Hazon upon his nephews Robert Widdrington the younger, the
eldest, Thomas the second, and Henry the third, sons of his brother William Widdrington, successively, in tail maie,
with remainder to Robert Widdrington, son of Samuel W' Iddrington, gent., who was another of his brothers. The
estates are charged with annuities and portions payable to his daughters, Elizabeth, wife of Cuthhert Karns (or Cairns),
TOWNSHIP OF HALXI.KY. 307
of Firth-house, gent. ; and Isabel, wile of Robert l-'eiiwiik of Xiinridiiig ; and to Robert, Jane, and Frances Forsler,
the children of his daughter Ann Forster, deceased ; and to Robert Maxwell, son of his daughter Mary, the wife of
Edward Maxwell, gent. Certain sums are also to be paid to Henry, Ralph, F.lizabeth, and Frances, children of
William Widdrington, brother of the said Robert. Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Buds.
1692, 2Sth May. Will of Robert Widdrington of Hauxley, esq. To be buried in the parish church of
Warkworth. To my nephew Robert Widdrington of Hauxley, jun., my lands and tenement in Gyzance, viz., my
two freehold tenements and also my tenant right to those two tenements and my proportion of Ormelee, Coat Ryall
and Newstile in the same township of Gyzance, which 1 bold by lease of the duke and duchess of Somerset ; to my
said nephew Robert Widdrington all my stock, chattels, horses, oxen, sheep (except 4 kyne of the best I have and a
mare which I bought and I give to my wife Dorothy Widdrington). My wife to have summer grazing and hay for
winter food for 4 kine and mare, and enjoy 2 chambers in my dwelling-house at Hauxley, viz., my own chamber
where now my papers lye and the little chamber next adjoining to it to live in for the time of her life. Household
stuff to be divided between said nephew and my wife ; my son in law Mr. Edward Maxwell, jf 180; my grandson Mr.
John Fenwick, .^100 ; both sums to be paid out of Guyzance. Ibid.
1733, i6th August. Will of Frances Widdrington, junior, of Hauxley. To my brother John, /too; to my
sister Dorothy, wife of Thomas Smith of Togston, /40 ; to my sister Ann, wife of F.dward Young of Togston, 40s. ;
to John, son of my brother Robert Widdrington, /8 ; 'being the remainder of what effects Providence has allotted
me in this world.' Proved at Durham, 1733. Ihid.
1747, 5th July. Will of Robert Widdrington of Hauxley. My lands in Hauxley, Amble, and Alnwick to my
eldest son John Widdrington, subject to portions of /300 apiece to each of my younger children, Nathaniel, William,
Sarah, F^rances, Mary, and Elizabeth.
1767. His grace the duke of Northumberland has appointed John Widdrington of Hauxley, esq., to be his
grace's auditor in the room of Richard Seymour, esq., who has resigned. Newcastle Coiiranl, 14th .March, 1767.
1780, 31st March. Will of Isabella, widow of John Widdrington of Hauxley. 1 quit-claim to my husband's
heirs and executors all my right to the /i,ooo settled upon me at my marriage. To my sister Elizabeth Mills, wife
of Henry Mills of Willington, all my fisheries in the river Tweed as devised to me by the will of my late uncle
William Kettilby, esq., of East Orde ; to my sister Anne Fenwick, ;^i,ooo ; to John Fenwick of Bywell and to William
Fenwick his brother, 100 guineas apiece ; to my mother, 20 guineas for a ring ; to Mrs. Ward of Alnwick and her
sisters, 10 guineas apiece, ' as a small token of vay sense of their great goodness to me, which I beg may be laid out
in any memorial of their grateful friend.' The portrait of my dear husband to Charles lirandling, esq., of Gosforth
house. Residue to the children of my sister Elizabeth Mills (her eldest son being excepted). My brother in law,
Henry Mills, executor. Proved at Durham, 14th April, 1780. Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Deeds.
1783, 28th April. Will of Nathaniel Widdrington of Hauxley. To my nieces Sarah Brown and Sarah
Teasdale, /300 apiece ; to Nathaniel Punshon, /lo; to Mr. Adams, /lo ; to Samuel Bell of Hauxley, j^io ; to my
servant Mary Muers, .^20 a year and the wearing apparel of my late mother. My real estates at Hauxley, Amble,
Guyzance, and Alnwick, to my cousin John Widdrington of Newcastle, esq. Proved 17th July, 1783. Hid.
17S3, 6th August. Will of John Widdrington of Newcastle. To my wife Jane Widdrington, ;^I0O per annum
out of Hauxley, mv house in Hanover Square, Newcasde, and my lands in Whickham, she executrix. I give one
moiety of my lands in Hauxley, Amble, Guyzance, and Alnwick to Sarah Brown and her heirs male ; and the other
moiety to Sarah Teasdale and her heirs male ; cross remainders ; remainder to William Smith the younger son of my
cousin William Smith of Worcester. 1798, 27th February. Administration, with will annexed, of John Widdring-
ton, granted to the Rev. Joseph Cook and David Latimer Tinling. Ibid.
At the south side of St. John's church, Newcastle, there is a tombstone bearing the following inscription : 'The
burial place of Robert and Jane Widdrington, cordwainer, Newcastle. Jane, their daughter, departed this life July
loth, 1S06, aged 12 years. The above-named Robert Widdrington departed this life July 21st, 1806, aged 60 years.
Also two of their children died in infancy. Michael Widdrington, son of the above Robert Widdrington, departed
this life June 1st, 1826, aged 21 years.' These persons were descended from a certain Robert Widdrington, an officer
of the Life Guards, who, after spending his patrimony, returned to Northumberland and resided at Ouarry-house,
Westgate, where some of his children were born, and afterwards baptised at St. John's. He is asserted to have
been a cadet of the Hauxley family; if that were so, he may perhaps be identified with Robert, son of Samuel
Widdrington, whose name occurs in the deed of entail made in 1684. His eldest surviving son, Thomas Widdring-
ton, married, 4th November, 1744, at St. John's, Dorothy Richardson, and was buried at the same place on the 22nd
of July, 1770, having had at least three sons, Robert Widdrington, a shoemaker in the Middle Street; Thomas, a
publican in Gateshead ; and Michael, a shoemaker in Newcastle. Robert Widdrington, the eldest of these three (as
the above monumental inscription relates), died in 1806. He married, first, 1st August, 1775, Margaret, daughter of
308 WARKWOR TH PARISH.
John Anderson of Wylam, and widow of Thomas lirown of Newcastle ; she died without issue, Sih July, 1 791 ; by
Jane, his second wife, he had eight children, viz.: (I) Robert; (2) Thomas, who married, 13th November, 1S20,
Jane, daughter of John Dobson of Newcastle, upholsterer ; (3) Hugh; (4) .Michael, died unmarried. 1826, aged 21 ;
(5) Dorothy, married, 12th June, 1815, James Horsley of Newcastle, linendraper ; (6) Jane, died in 1806; and two
children who died in infancy. S/. John's church M.I. (Bell ColltcliiiiJ, with the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle.
John W'iddriiiglon, the hist male (so far as is known) ot this ancient
family, before succeeding to the estate, was a merchant and banker in
Newcastle ; he had travelled, and was a man of urhanitv and taste, witli a
competent knowledge of natural philosophy. He enlarged and improyed the
already extensiye gardens at Hau.xley by the erection of a long glass house,
in which his delicate south-country wife might take exercise without
exposure to the east wind. In fulfilment of a promise exacted from him by
his predecessor, he gave the Widdrington estates to his two nearest paternal
kinswomen, Sarah Brown and Sarah Teasdale, in moieties, with the injunction
to take and use the name of AViddrington. But through his commercial
speculations in Newcastle and his connection with the 'Old Bank,' his aflairs
on his death in 1797 were found to be in such disorder that a Chancery
suit was required to adjust them. This lingered for eleven years,' and
resulted in the alienation of half of the estates for the payment of the
testator's debts. Miss Teasdale married Captain David Latimer Tinling,
afterwards Major-General Sir David L. Tinling Widdrington, and their son,
the Rev. Sidney Henry Widdrington, formerly a captain in the 53rd
regiment, in 1842 sold his moietv of the estate to Captain S. E. Widdrington
of Newton-on-the-Moor, who bv descent had succeeded to the moietv
of his mother, Sarah Brown (afterwards Widdrington), wife of the Rev.
Joseph Cook.
Of the family of Kirton which, in 1663, held more than a sixth part of
the township, very little is known. Their house, as part of Hauxlev hall,
still stands, their lands lay to the south-east of the village, and their home-
stead is said to have been situated at the Sea-houses. Their disappearance
followed, and may have been the result of the lawsuit in which they became
involved with the Widdringtons in 1735, though it was not until 1762 that
John Widdrington purchased the estate from Ord and Wilson, who appear
to have been Kirton's mortgagees.
' In the field in front of Hauxley hall there is a pillar which beafs the following inscription: 'This
portion of the Hauxley property was redeemed to its hereditary course by the zeal and exertions of the
Rev. Joseph Cook of Newton-hall, through the medium of a suit in the Court of Chancery, commenced
January, 179S, terminated May, iSog.' Unfortunately this field or 'portion of the Hauxley property'
was not part of the patiimonial estate of the Widdringtons, but was purchased in 1762 from Kirton's
TOWNSHIP OF HAl'XI.KY.
309
KIKTON OF HAUXLEY.
UeNKV KikTON, a fieehokler in 162S ; was liviiij; 23K.I Nov.. 1630 (/I). l()53> administr.uion of hi;- |M;iM)iial
eslate giaiued lo his gramlson Roberl Widdriiisjlon.
William Kirtoii of llauxley, a freeholder in 1663 ; was in 1676 a dcfendani in
a suit bioiighl hj' ... Nairn ; hurled 7th .\pril. ifiOI (^'V
Isabella, daughter of Matlhew Cnrrcy of
Bedlington ; bond of marriage, . ,
1673 ; was named in her father's will.
8th March, 16S2 (0-
I
Kdward Kirlon ol llauxley ; buried in
Warkworth church, lllh .March,
i6y4'5 (rt) ; will dated 6ih March,
T 694/5 ; proved 1695 (c).
Matthew Kirton of Hauxley ; was defendant = Hannah Smith of Tog-
in the fishery suit, 5th June, 1735 (,/'): ston ; married 6th June,
buried loth Feb., 1735/6 (a). 1707 («); buried l8th
Jan., 1719/20 (rt)-
I I
Sarah ;
1702,
Rachel
Jane, sister of Thomas Kelley
of West Whiirllon ; was
named in her husband's will
married at Rolhlniiy. 24lh June,
Ralph h'eiuvirk «i Warkworth.
living 6th .March, 1695 ; buried
1 2th Feb., 1699/1700 («)•
Edward Kirton of Hauxley, baptised ^ M^ry Strother ;
15th Jan.. 1711/2 (rt) ; was made married at
party to fishery suit in the room .Mnwick, 22iid
of hi's late father, 5th May. 1737 (''); Sept.. 173'M''');
of .Alnwick, merchant, 8th June, parly to deed
1737 ; buried 31st Jan., 1754 (</) ; dated 8th
administration of his personal June, 1737.
estate 5th Feb., 1754. granted to
his widow ; Edward Gallon, gent.,
and Jane Strother, spinster, both
of .Alnwick, sureties (c).
( ;) \V,uiwor//i Register. (/') .Mr. S
Thomas, baptised
13th .April. 1 7 14
(«) ; buried 91I1
Sept., 171 7 (a").
William. ba]ilised
2nd .\ug, 1716
I I I
Dorothy, baptised 20lh .\pril,
170.S (n) ; buried 4th Feb.,
1709/10 (rt).
liariiara. baptised 315I Jan..
1709/10 (rt) ; married 6lh
June, 1732, Robert Hudson
of Hauxley (a).
Rachel, baptised lOlh March,
.717/8 («).
((/) Alnwici Regnler.
165
!•'. ^\'iddrington's Papers. (r) Durham Probate Registry.
Evidences to Kirton Pedigkef.
.Administration of ihe personal estate of Henry Kirton of Hawksley, in the county of Northumberland,
granted to Robert Widdrington, grandchild by the mother's side. Durham Piohate Registiy.
1694/5, 6tt= March. Will of Edward Kirton of Hawxley, gentleman : My body to be buried in the parish
church of Warkworth. I give to my wife, Jane Kirton, the sum of ;^l6o (/lOO of which sum is part of the fortune
my said wife brought to me, and at present in security in the hands of her brother, Thomas Kelly). I give, devise,
and bequeath unto my son, Matthew Kirton, all my lands in Hawxley upon condition that he pay thereout the sum
of /70 (ach to my daughters Sarah and Rachell Kirton at the age of 21 years or marriage. .My trusty friends,
George Lawson of Gloster-hill and Robert Valentine of Warkw^orth, executors. IHd.
1694/5, 19th March. Inventory of Edward Kirton of Hauxley. His purse and apparell, £f>\ Soxen, ;^34;
7 kine and calves, £21 5s.; 5 quyes and I stot, three yeares old, ;^I4; 4 quyes and i slot, two years old, /8 15s.;
3 stots, 2 quyes, one yeare old, £\\ 6 horses and mares and a filly, ;^i6 6s. 8d.; 58 wedderes, ^"24 13s.; a sow,
2 piggs, and a hogg, £1. 'Come in the stackgarth at Hauxley,' 27 new boules of wheat, at 5s. per boule, £fi 15s. ;
60 old boules of bigg, .^30 ; 50 old boules of oates, at 6s. per boule, £1^^. ' Come in the stackgarlh at Bondy Carr,'
17 new boules of wheat and rye, at 4s. p. boule, £i 8s.; 10 new boules of blandlings, at 3s. p. boule, £1 los.
15 boules of oates at West Chevington, at 5=. 6d. per boule, £i, 2s. 6d. 11 new boules of wheat and rye sown at
Hauxley, the increase whereof at 4 boules for one, and at 4s. 9d. p. boule, .^10 gs. ; oats sowne on the ground, 9 old
boules, the increase thereof at three boules for one is 27 boules, and the price at 6s. p. boule, £•& 2f. ; pees sowne on
the grounde there, 17 new boules, the increase thereof at 3 boules for one, and the price at 3s. p. boule, £^ 13E.
6 newe boules of wheat and ry sowne at Bondycarre, the increase thereof at foure boules for one, and the price at
4=. gd. p. boule, /5 14s. ; oates to be sowne there, 8 olde boules a bushell, the increase at 3 boules for one, and the
price at 63. per boule, £n 13s, ; peese sowne there, 6 new boules, the increase at 3 for I, and the price at 3s. p. boule,
£z 14s. ; bigge to be sowne there, 6 new boules, the increase at 6 for one, and the price at 3s. 4d. p. new boules, /"6 ; old
hay,/6; implements of husbandry, ;^I2 2s. 6d. ; household stuff of all sorts, ;^I0 133. lod. ; total, .^267 i6s. 2d. Ibid.
1710, 2Cth July. Matthew Kirton conveys his lands at Hauxley to William Wharier of Birling to secure .^200.
1730, i8th November. Matthew Kirton conveys his lands at Hauxley to Anne, youngest daughter of Robert
Lisle, late of Wcldon, to secure /200.
1762, 4th November. John Widdrington of Hauxley purchases from the mortsagees Kirtons lands in llauxley
for .^2,600. Hau.'c'ey Deeds.
310
WARKWOKTH I'ARISH.
'I'lu' laiul^ lor which Mr. Nicholas lA-\vin was ratctl in i ()()3 al _;/ 20 a
vear have not been positivelv idciuilicd, hut as tlie descent of most of the
otlier freeht)lds can be traced, in part at least, it niav be concUuled that they
are represented bv the fields comprising about 100 acres, lying to the south-
west corner of the township, which belongs to Mr. Charles Leslie of Slinden
as successor to Lady Newbrough.'
The lands owned in 1663 by John Clark are now comprised in the
Hauxlev cottage estate. What is known of the family is compressed into the
following pedigree :
CLARK OF HAUXLEY.
John Ci.akk ; 1r-M kinds in Ihuixley, 23rd Nov., 1630, and w.is rated fur the s.ime in = [?Klizabetli ; bur.
1663; was living in 1682 (^) ; hmied nth Dec, 1693 («) ; administration of personal
estate granted 23rd Jan., 1693 4, to his son William, then of West Chevington.
17th Feb.,
1680/1 (a),;
Elizabeth, daughter of Matthew Curry uf
Bedliiiglon ; marriage settlement 2oth
Jan., 1682/3 (''); '■li'-'d at West Chev-
ington ; buried 13th June, 1694 («).
I
William Clark of llaiixley; was born at \\au\\cy circn 1646 ;
afterwards of West Chevington. where he was residing in
1722 when he voted for lands in Ilanxley ; was li-.ing at
Klliiigton, 13th Oct., 1735, being '■'"-'" aged 89, when he made
an affidavit (^r).
[? .Anne ;
bur. 30th
May,
1735
C").J
John Clark of Hauxley ; = Ann Tateof Stur-
\oted for lands there ' ton Grange ;
in 1722 ; buried loili married 24th
Mar., 1728 (fl) ; will Sept., 1712 (a);
dated 6th Mar., 1728/9 bur. 28th Oct.,
proved 1729 (/) (/i). I749('0-
I ! i
William, baptised nth .Aug., 1695 («).
K^dward, baptised 30th Jime, 1 697 (a).
Thomas, baptised 8lh Nov., 1699 ;
buried 25th March, 1700 (a).
(All born at West Chevington.)
I I I
Margaret, liaptised 7th
-Aug., 1 701 (a).
Sarah, baptised 9th Jan.,
1704/5 (a),
Mary, baptised loth Dec,
171 1 (a).
William Clark of Haux-
ley, bap. 9th Sept., 1 7 lS
(a) ; li\ing 5lh June,
173; (<-); buried 24th
Jan., 1739/40 (a).
John Clark of AVest Chevington,
afterwards of Hauxley, for which
he voted in 1748; died 27th Se]it.,
tion of personal estate 4th Oct.,
1757 W-
Phillis Tate of Sturton
(irange ; married
15th Jan., 1750/1 (a);
died 17th, buried 22nd
Sept., 1780,
(a) iO 0/).
aged 61
i ' I
Dorothy, bap. 29th Mar. .1716
(a) ; dead before 1728.
Klizabeth, named in her
father's will.
Mary, baptised' 30th April,
buried 3rd Oct., 1717 (a).
.\nn, born at
Hauxley ;
bap. 19th
Nov., 1 75 1
(a);died 2nd
Sept., 1767,
aged 16 (c).
I
Margaret Clark, dau. and
heiress ; articles before
marriage, 3rd .April,
1779 (**) ; buried I9lh
March, 1784, ageil 26
(<;)(«); will dated 15th
Jan., 1784 ((5).
William Richardson of
North Seaton ; mar-
ried 7th .April, 1779
(a); died 28th .April,
1803, aged 57 (c) ;
will dated 28th April,
1 803, proved same year.
John Clarke tif North = Jane, daughter of
Siiields, afterwards
of Lower Tooting,
where he died 23rd
Kcl>., 1793.
John Stephen-
son of North
Shields. She
remarried Jas.
Strachan of
, Lower Tooting.
I
Phillis Richard-
son, dau. and
co-heiress ;
died 5th
Sept., 1801,
aged 18 (f).
e xl-
Margaret Richardson, = Ralph Clarke of Lower Tooting, = Mary Christian.
dLiu. of \\'illiani
Mount of .\ler-
ton, Surrey; mar.
1 6th Aug., 1806
(rf) ; art. before
mar., 15th .Aug.,
1806 (//).
(«•) Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Papers.
{/) Ditrhim Probate Registry.
dau. and co-heiress ;
articles before mar-
riage, .. , 1803 (/i) ;
mar. 8th Nov., 1803
(a) ; died 13th Feb.,
1805, aged 23(c) (a).
born tk't., 1783; was present
as a midshipman, H.M.S
'.Ardente,' at the battle of
Camjierdown. He married
thirdly .Ann Maria, daughter of
.Andrew M.Wellvvooti of .Amble,
and widow of James Boswell.
Robert ;
living
1798',
John ;
living
1798-
I I
Mary ;
living
179S.
Jane ;
living
1798.
(c) M.I., Warkworth.
(d) Gentleman's Mag.
(a) Warkworth Register.
(/-) Mr. M. H. Dand's Peels.
13th October, 1735. Affidavit of William Clark of Eslington [? Ellington], gent., aged 89 years and upwards.
Was born at Hauxley and li\ed there from his birth for forty years and upwards. That his father, John Clark, was
seised of an estate in Ilanxley initil his death, which hap]>ened about forty years ago, which estate at his father's death
descendeil to this deponent as heir-at-law, and was enjo)'ed by him for ten years and upwards after his father's death.
That he knew William Kirton, grandfather of defendant, Matthew Kirton. Mr. S. F. Widdrington's MSS.
' Mr. Lesley also possesses the coney warren on the links.
Tf)\VNSHIP (IF HArXI.EV. 3II
JNIargaret, daughter and luircss of John Clark, in 1771) became wife of
William Richardson of North Seaton, and their surviving tlauj;hter anti sole
heiress married Ralph Clarke of Lower Tooting, near London, a man of
Northumbrian origin, and possibly a kinsman of his wife's maternal ancestors.
Having survived his wife, he sold her estate at Hauxlev in icSi5 to Edwards
Werge of Horton in Glendale, who already owned another part of the town-
ship. Werge in 1820 sold all his lands in Hauxley and y\mble townships to
Mr. James Dand, whose son, Mr. M. H. Dand, now owns and resides at
Hauxley cottage.
The lands which, in 1663, belonged to John Hudson were acquired
from his descendant Robert Hudson in 1736 by Robert Widdrington and
absorbed in the Widdrington estates. The lands owned in 1663 by Robert
Hall were in 1698 conveyed bv John Hall to William Cresswell, from whose
successor, John Cresswell of Cresswell, thev were purchased in 1775 ^^' John
Widdrington. Cresswell's house stood at the west end of the village on
the south side of the road.
CRESSWELL OF HAUXLEY.
Robert Cresswell of Hauxley = Agnes
William Cresswell of Hauxley, baptised loth Oct., 1724 («) ; [admitted tlie = Klizabeth ... ; named in the \vi
validity of the will of William Cresswell of Cresswell, dated 1 8th May, 1749,
see decree of Court of Chancery made I2th May, 1756 (//)] ; buried 2Ist May,
1766 (a); by will dated 14th Ma)', 1766, gives all his estate to his wife Elizabeth
for her life and to his two youngest daughters ; proved 1766 (tf).
of William Cresswell of Cress-
well, iSth May, 1749 ; execti-
trix to her husbantl's will ;
living 4th July, 1775 (c).
Ill Ml
William Cresswell of Hauxley; had a legacy under the will of Dorothy, ba]nised 22nd .Nov., 1744 («) ; married
William Cresswell of Cresswell (") ; died at Hauxley, iSth 14th July, 1769, William Hall of Bondicar :
.\ug., 1773 (n') ;* administration of ]iersonal estate granted to witnesses, William Cresswell and Cresswell Bell
his mother, 5th Aug., 1775 ; effects sworn under i.250 {e"). («). ^1'
Henry Cresswell, baptised loth Feb., 1742/3 ; living iSth May, Elizabeth, ba])tised 17th May, I75o(«) ; living 4th
1749 (ii) ; in 1785 of Billingsgate, fishmonger, died 7th Aug., Jid}', 1775 (c).
l8o6.t Jane, baptised loth July, 1753 («) ; married 3.;id
Robert Cresswell, baptised 24th .\])iil, 174I1 («). March, 1797, John Story of BIylh (a).
(«) W'liiiuw/'l Registc . (/;) Will of William Cressivell of Cresswell. Hodgson, Norl/iiimliei lunil, part ii. \ol. ii. p. 202.
(c) Alstiait of htle of lands at Long Framlington. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, M, igo, etc.
(d') Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book. {/) Durham Prohale Registiy.
* 'Thursday sennight, at Hauxley, Mr. William Cresswell, nephew to the late WilHam Cresswell of Cresswell,
esq.' Newcastle Courant, 4th Sept., 1773.
f 1785, 26th May. Henry Cresswell of Billingsgate, fishmonger, in consideration of the sum of .^450 convej-ed
a burgage in Warkworth to John Watson. Miss Erskine's De.ds.
'1.806, 7th Aug. At Ramsgate in his 64th year Henry Cresswell, esq., of Great St. Mary's-at-Hill, London,
many years a representative of the ward of Billingsgate in the Common Cotincil. Gentleman's .l/agasine, 1806.
Baptisms at Warkworth : 24th July, 1707, John (.buried 8th May, 1708); loth May, 1709, Henry; 20th July,
1712, B'rancis, all sons of Henry Cresswell of I lauxley ; and 3rd Sept., 1716, jane, daughter of Henry Cresswell of the
Hope (buried i8th Oct., I7i()). Warhv.irt/i Register.
312 WARKWORIll I'AKISH.
Mr. .M. II. Dands farm <it Aniblc Moor-house is sitnatici partiv ir. liu-
township of .\ini)K- and partiv in that of Hanxlev ; [he portion Ivin^ in tiic
latter township represents in part the parcels of lands purchased between
the years 173'^' and 1775 bv the Widdringtons from the smaller fn eholders.
This estate was one ot the farms sold bv order ot the Court ot Chancerv in
1808 to discharge John Widdrington's liabilities ; it was purchased by
Edwards Werge and was resold bv him in iSj2 to Mr. James Dand. In one
of the fields there mav be traced the site of the windmill which stood here in
1663, and in that vear paid 2s. to the vicar of Warkworlh in lien of tithes.'
The small estate of Bondicar, comprising 114 acres, occupied the head-
land which forms the northern point or boundary of Druridge Bay. Below
high-water mark are the dangerous reefs and rocks called the Bondy-carrs,'
the Silver-carrs, the Wilderts, Kirton's rock, and Wilcarrs, upon which
manv a ship has come to an untimely end in ignorance or forgetfulness of
the old lines :
Sail ye near, or sail yc far,
Keep olil'the rocks of Bondirarr.
When John Carr of Lesbury made his will on the 17th of October, 1587,
he gave his lands at Longhoughton and Hauxley 'with the seed sowen
thereon, with eight oxen,' to his younger son, Roger Carr. The latter who
resided at New Moor-house, near Longframlington, bv will dated ist of
April, 1620, gave his farm at Hauxlev to his wife for her life, and then to
his son, Thomas Carr, with whose descendants Bondicar^ remained until
the death of Miss Anne Rochester of Whalton in 1848, when it passed
under her will and under the wills of her two sisters to Mr. Thomas
Meggison, who in that vear by royal licence assumed the name of Rochester.
He was succeeded by his son, Mr. William Rochester of Whalton, and
from tne trustees of his will Bondicar has recentlv been purchased bv Mr.
Henry Davison of Newcastle.^
' Terrier in Warkworth parish chest.
- ' Clin- [old Northumbrian ciirr, rock]. A rock : now especially applied to insulated rocks off the
Northumbrian and Scottish coasts.' Murray, New English Dutioinvy.
^ The estate of Bondicar was enlarged in 1S09 by the acquisition of a field purchased by John
Rochester of Whalton from the trustees of the Widdrington estate; it was sold with the approbation
of the court for ^1,500.
' Bondicar was sold by auction, on sSih of March. 1899, for ^3,000.
rowNsiur oi' ii.\ixi.i-.v.
CARR AND ROCHESTER OF RONDICAR.
Roger Carr of New Moor-house,* ;i younger son of John Cnrr of Wooilh.ill and Lesinn y ; ^ Mary.
took lands in Hauxlej' under his father's will; will dated Isl .\|iril, 1620 ; jiroveil
1622 ; ' to be buried at Lesbury ' (c).
Thomas Carr of Hauxley ; will dated 27th June, 1657 ; proved = Ann.
1661 ; ' to be buried in VVarkworth quire ' (a).
} I I
lohn.
Mark.
William.
Roger.
Lancelot ; named in will
of his brother Thomas.
William Carr of Hauxley, and was rated for lands
there in 1663. [? William Carr of Hauxley
buried ... March, 16S3 (c).]
ihn Carr of Hauxley l.ink-honse ; will
dated 2nd l''eb., 1661/2 ; ])roved 1662 ;
to be interred at Warkworth (n).
Robert Carr.
Thomas Carr of Hauxley and of Nunriding ; polled for lands in Bondiiar in
1722 ; dead before 24th Sept., 1735 [? buried 2gth June, 1729 (rf).]
lilcanor ... ; Iniried 5lh
July, 1734 C'O-
William Carr ; died
at Niniriding ;
biu'ied 17th Se|it..
1728 c/).
Robert Carr, baptised
nth Aug., i7oy
((/) ; died in New-
castle ; buried 25lh
Sept., 1733 (rf).
Oliver Carr of Hauxle)' and of Nunriding,
baptised 13th Aug., 171 3 (</) ; polled
for Bondicar in 1748; will dated Kjlh
Dec, 1749; proved 26lh .\]>ril, 1750
(/<) ; ' to be buried at Mitford.'
Joan Ord of the parish of
All Saints, Newcastle ;
bond of marriage, 12th
Feb., 1736/7.
Benjamin Carr of
Langshaw. baptised
4th " Maj', 1 72 1
(</) ; of Newcastle,
saadler ; bulled
15th March, 1744
(^) ; administra-
tion granted loth
April, 1745, to his
brother Oliver (g).
John Carr, 10 w'hom
his brother Oliver
demised his lands
at Great Whit-
tinglon, CO. Lan-
cashire ; died s./}.
I I I
Mary, baptised l6lh July, 1707
on-
Eleanor, baptised loih Sept.,
1711 ((/) ; buried 27th Aug.,
I7I2(«').
.\nn, baptised 20th Feb., 1 723
{a) ; died unmarried in New-
castle, ..., 1814, aged 91,
(/) ; will dated 30th July,
1810 ; proved 1815 (^).
Elizabeth, = John Rochester
died 26th of Whalton ;
Jan.,
1771,
aged 52
Margaret, ' daughter of Mr. Benjamin Carr of Langshaw-hall, baptised
loth July, 1742 ' (rf) ; named in will of her uncle Oliver.
died loth
May, 1759,
aged 60 (/;) ;
will dated
22 nd March,
1759 (.e)-
I I I
WiUiam Rochester of Whalton and
Bondicar ; died 2nd Sept., 1S04,
aged 64 (^) ; will dated 23rd Aug.,
1802 ; proved 3rd Oct., 1804 (,.?).
John Rochester of Whalton and Bon-
dicar ; died 25th April, 1820, aged
76 (/i) ; will dated 30th July, iSio;
proved 19th July, 1820 (g).
Thomas ; died 3rd April, 1772, aged
23 (/i).
F'leanor ; mar- =
30th July,
1772 (;); died
iSih Feb.,
1 813, aged
71 (/)).''
Thomas Meggison of
Oldmoor, afterwards
of Whalton ; will
proved at preroga-
tive court of Canter-
bury 7th March,
1827 C?).
Thomas Meggison, only child ; dieil
unmarried.
Isabella ; died I2th .\pril, 1829, aged
77 {A) ; will dated 29th Sept., 1820
Elizabeth; died i6ih April, 1S37,. aged
84 (/;); win dated 29th Sept., 1820 ;
proved 6th Sept., 1837 (,e).
Anne ; died 4th Aug., 1848, aged 90
(/i) ; will dated 29th Sept., 1820 ;
proved 24th Aug., 1848 (^g).
(a) Raine, 7'f^s/. Dunelm.
(II) Raine, Tat. Elor.
(c) Htsl. of Xorth. ii. pp. 429, 43
{d) Mitford Register. (/) Newcastle papers. (/;) Whalton M.L
{e) Warkworth Register. {g) Bondicar Deeds. (i) \\'/ialton Register.
* Cf Hist, of the Family of Carr, iii. pp. 25-3:.
Evidences to C.iRR Pediguef.
1620, 1st April. Will of Roger Carr of New Moor-hoUse. To be buried in the church of Lesbury ; to my
eldest son Thomas Carr, my two farms in Lesbury, held of the eail of Northumberland, and my farm in Hauxlawe
after my mother's death : my wife Mary and my son Thomas executors. My second son John, my eldest daughter
Jane, sicond daughter Katherine, third daughter Barbary, fourth daughter Dorothy, my third ion Mark, my fourth
son William, fifth son lioger, my youngest son Lancelot. The testator owes to Mr. John Ljsle of Acton, Mrs.
Mayners of Framlington, Barbary Mayners of Framlington. Proved 6th July, 1622. Raine, Test. Dunelm.
1657, 27th June. Will of Thomas Carr of Hauxley. To be buried in Warkworth church. To my eldest son
William Carr, my land in Lesburie ; to my younger sons John and Robert, the crop at Lesburie, etc. ; to my wife
Anne, four o.xen, my crop of Hauxley, etc.; my crop at Hadston ; my brother Lancelot Cair. Witness, Robert
Widdrington. Proved 1661. //;/(/.
Vol. v. 40
ii4
WAKKWOKTH TARISH.
1661, 2nd February. Will uf John Carr of Ilauxley I. ink-house. To be I'urieJ in Warkwortli quire. .My
uncle William WiJdringion of Todbui-nc, my aunt Mary Carr of l.esbury, /."5 ; my brother William Carr owes me
jCi due to me by my father's will ; to m)- cousin Roger Carr, son to my uncle Roger Carr of Newcastle ; my cousin
Jon his sister; my cousins Ealiner Law of Alnwick, William son of my aunt Mary Carr, Roger another son ; my
cousin Mary Donnington of Whitbee ; my cousin .Anne Carr of Monelawes ; my cousin Peter Bush's children ; my
cousin Ralph Carr. Witness, William Widdrington. Proved 1662. Raine, Tfst. Ehor.
1749, 19th December. Will of Oliver Carr of Nunriding. To be buried at Mitford. My wife Joanna Carr ;
the farm of Bondicar in the parish of VVarkworth, with a close called Carr's Moor, and a tenement at Ilauxley are
settled by deed dated l6th December, 1749, upon my said wife during her widowhood. My lands in the county of
Lancaster to Robert Bulman of Morpeth and John Story of Newcastle, merchant, in trust for my brother John Carr ;
my sisters Elizabeth Rochester and Ann Carr, the tenants in Northumberland of Robert Fenwick, esq. of Brough
hall, Lancashire, to have gloves and hatbands. Margaret Carr now living with me. My brother John executor.
Proved at York 26th .April, 1750, by his sister Elizabeth, wife of John Rdchester. Ilml.
From the besriiiiiino; of the eighteenth century down to 1870 the family
of Hall, originally from the parish of Elsdon, were tenants of Bondicar.
KALL OF BONDICAR.
William Hall of Bondicar = [? Barbara Robinson of .Acklington ; married gth Oct., I70o(«).]
Joseph Hall of Bondicar, baptised ^ Frances, daughter of ... Huntley of
26th April, 1705 («) ; buried
gth Sept., 1762 (o).*
Birling; married 23rd Nov., 1 731
(«) ; buried 17th July, 1739 («)■
Grace, baptised 19th Nov., 1702 («)
[? married 8th June, 1731, William
Cook of Coldrife (")].
I
William Hall of Bon-
dicar, baptised
24th Jan., I733'4
(a) ; died 2nd
May, 1795, aged
62 (a) {h).
Dorothy, daughter of
William Cresswell of
Hauxley ; married
14th July, 1769 (a);
buried loth Dec,
1793, aged 49 («) (A).
I
John, baptised
22nd Jan.,
1735/6 W-
•Ann, baptised 2 1st Sept., 1732 (a) ; married 1st Ma)-,
175.S, Thomas Pallisler of Shilboule («), from whom
is de.scended Marcus Dods, D.Il., profcs.-ior of E.\e-
gelical Theology, New college, Pxlinburgh.
Frances, baptised 25th Oct., 1737 («) ; married 19th
Dec, 1763, George Smith of South Shields («).
I
William Hall, baptised
1 6th Jul}', 1 77 1 (ji) ;
a cashier in the Bank
of England in Lon-
don ; died 17th or
1 8th July, i84l.t
Isabella
1
Joseph Hall, master =
Creed.
and mariner, bap-
tised 19th Jan., 1775
(«) ; drowned at
sea.
Hall. E.LC.S.
Sarah... ;
died ...
Dec,
1853,
aged
77 (0-
Hannah; married Burlinson Heron of lilyih.
Dorothy ; died unmarried at lilyth.
Sarah ; died unmarried at BIylh. 27lh June,
1879, aged 70 (c).
Henry Hall of Bon-
dicar, baptised 9th
July, 177G («);
died 17th Oct.,
1868, aged 92 (/i).
Elizabetli, diiughter of
. . Taylor of Sunder-
land, CO. Durham ;
died 17th Mar., 1859,
aged 77 (Jt).
I I
William Hall of Bondicar, baptised 3rd July,
1810 («) ; died Jan., 1892, aged Si ;
buried at BIylh.
James, baptised 20th Nov., 1812 (o) ; died
nth Aug., 1826, aged 14 (J>).
John Hall, captain R.N., ^
sometime of Blyth, bap-
tised 3ISI Ma}-. I7S4(<?);
died 24th Jan., 1S77 ;
buried at Lewisham.
Dorothy, daughter of
.. Straughan of
Blyth ; died 20th
Dec, 1863 ; buried
at Lewisham.
I I I
Frances, baptised 25th .\ug , 1772 («) ; married 27th Dec
1794, Joshua Westall of South Shields («), and died a
widow, 30th Aug., iSoi (Ji).
Elizabeth, baptised 2ist Sept., 1773 (a); died 27th Jan., i7yo(/<).
Dorothy, baptised 3rd July, I777("); died 22ndjuly, I799(''').
I I
INI
John Hall of London and of Bontlicar, Blackheath ; died
26th Oct., 1890, aged 74; will proved at Principal
Registry, 12th Dec, 1890.
William George S. Hall, born and Jan, 1S19; married
S. E. Gray, at Blyth, I2th Feb., 1850.
Cresswell Hall, born i7lh Feb., 182 1; died in Sierra Leone.
Joseph Hall, born i6th Sept., 1835.
(a) Warkworth Register. {fi) M.I., Warkwoith. (c") -M.l., Blyth churchyard.
* 1748. Joseph Hall of Bondicar voted for lands at the Sh.iw in the parish of Elsdon. Poll Bcok.
t William Hall entered the Bank of England 26th Jan., 1796, and was appointed a cashier Nov., 1837
Mary Elizabeth, born 28th March, 1833; married Henry
Taylor Purvis of Alnwick, and died I4lh Feb., 1893.
Dorothy, born loth Dec, 1824 ; married Sir William
Gray of Hartlepool, knight.
Jane, born 1st March, 1827.
Elizabeth, born 8th March, 1832.
COQUET ISLAND. 315
COQUET ISLAND.
The island which derives its name from, and lies opposite the mouth of
the river Coquet/ is visible from the Simonside hills and from very consider-
able distances to the north and south ; in the nearer distance it forms the
most conspicuous and attractive feature in the landscape, for by day the
whitewashed walls of the lidithouse tower," and bv nisiht the revolving: Hsht
(said to be at its brightest at a twenty mile radius), arrest the eye of the
onlooker. It has an area of about 14 acres, and it was described about the
year 1682 by the Admiraltv hvdrographer in the following passage :
Cocket Island lielh six leag. from Tinmouth castle, and above a mile oft" sliore, and is a good road for
southeily winds. From the south end of the island to the shore it is all rocks and broken ground, where,
at low water, at one place theie is 8 or 9 foot, and dangerous ; but the north side is bold, only from the
north-west part of the island lie off some rocks, about half a mile ; small vessels may bring the island
south, and anchor in three and four fathom, but greater ships must bring the island south-east, and anchor
in five fathom at low water. The road is clean sand.'
In the spring of 684 the island was the scene of the interview granted
by St. Cuthbert^ to Elfled, sister of King Egfrid and abbess of Whitby.
It was already celebrated for concourses of monks. ^ Pressed by Elfled's
feminine curiosity," the hermit gave her to understand that Egfrid had only
twelve months to live, and would be succeeded by a king whom she would
treat equally as a brother. 'Thou seest,' he continued, 'this great and
broad sea, how it aboundeth in islands. It is easy for God to provide
someone out of these to be set over the kingdom of the English.' Elfled
at once understood him to refer to Aldfrid, a reputed son of her father
Oswi, who was devoting himself to study among the islands of the Scots.'
She knew that Egfrid wished to make Cuthbert a bishop, and he was obliged
' ' Ad insuiam, quae Cocjuedi fluminis ostis praejacens, ab eodem accepit cognomen.' Bade, Vila
S. Cuthberti, cap. .xxiv. ed. Giles, iv. p. 2S4.
" The lighthouse tower is about 80 feet in height above high water. The light occults three seconds
in every minute. The lighthouse was begun in 1839 (see Nmrasilc Journul, 26th October, 1839), and the
apparatus fixed in 1841 (see Newcastle papers, 31st August, 1841).
3 Great Britain's Coasting Pilot, by Greenvill Collins, captain R.N., hydrographer to the .Admiralty
(London, 1693), p. 18.
' In one of the lights (No. 56) of the magnificent fifteenth-century window known as the St. Cuthbert
window in York minster, St. Cuthbert's voyage to Coquet Island is depicted. Yorkshire Arch. Soc.
Journal, iv. p. 327.
^ ' Ipsa (insula) monachorum coetibus insignis.' Bede, Vita S. CiitJibcrti, cap. xxiv.
° ' Femineis subito rogitat sic anxia curis.' Bede, De Miracidis S. Ciithbcrti, cap. xxi. cd. Giles,
i. p. iS ' Bede, I'lta S. Ciithbcrti, cap. xxiv.
3i6
WARKWORTH PARISH.
to confess that it had long been foretold liiin that he would be compelled
to accept the dignitv ; 'but,' he added, 'in the short space of two years
I shall find rest from my labours."'
Several objects, which are ascribed to the ninth century, have been
discovered on the island ; they comprise a ring found in i860 bearing the
inscription ' owi ' in Old-English runes ; a circular bronze buckle and a metal
ornament were also found in the keeper's garden at another time. The latter
is enamelled in dark green, light green, and yellow, with a cross in the centre."
After the Conquest, the island (with Amble and other valuable pos-
sessions) was given by Robert de Mowbray, earl of Northumberland, to the
prior and convent of Tvnemouth." It was off Coquet Island that the corn
ships on which William Rufus relied to provision his troops in his expedition
against Scotland in a.d. 1091 were lost in a sudden squall.'
The legend of St. Henry of Coquet, in the beginning of the twelfth
ceiitury, is in complete harmony with the weird character of the island.
A Dane of noble birth," he is said to have been directed by a vision to
make good his escape from a marriage his parents were endeavouring
to force upon him, and to serve (iod all his days as a hermit on this
particular rock." He landed at Tynemouth," and obtained the prior's
consent to build a small cell on the island, which was in the charge of one
of the monks. For some years he allowed himself a little loaf and a draught
of water every day : afterwards he took food only thrice a week, and gave up
speaking for three years. During the last four years of his life he ground his
barley into meal with a mill-stone, and after moistening it with water, made
it into little round cakes that he dried in the sun. His privations brought
upon him many harsh words and opprobrious epithets from the monk in
charge of the island." His relations sent to urge his return to Denmark,
pointing out that there were plenty of wild spots there suitable for a
hermitage. He threw himself on his knees before his crucifix, and believed
' ' Et in brevi spatio annorum duorum requiem laboris inveniam.' Vita S. Cuthbcrti, auctore
anonymo, lib. iii. ed. Giles, vi. p. 372.
■•^Stephens, The Old Nortiurn Runic Monuments of Scandinavia and Eni^land, iii. p. 213. Cf. Arch.
Ad. new series, vi. p. 195. These objects are now in the museum at Alnwick castle, case H, No. 286.
"Bates, History of Northumberland, p. iii. 'Ibid. p. 112.
^ ' Ex praeclaro Danorum genere.' Acta Sanctorum, Bollandist, ii. p. 60. ' De S. Henrico Eremita
in .^nglia.' Vita ex Jo. Capgravio. Capgrave seems to have copied the life verbatim from the ' Sancti-
logium' of John of Tynemouth (MS. circa A.D. 1350), see Stanton's Menulogy of England and Wales.
° 'Coket insula quaedam in oriental! Northumbriae plaga, per sexdecim stadia infra Oceanum posita.'
Ibid. ' ' apud Tynemutham viginti milliaribus a praefata distantem insula.' Ibid.
" ' monachus insuper insulam curam habens.' Ibid.
COQUET ISLAM). 317
that he heard the Christ coiiiniaiul him to remain to the end in his Northum-
brian celL He regarded a h)athsome affection of one of his knees as a
further sign forbidding liis departure. Supporting himself on a crutch, he
still insisted on digging his little field ; his crops were marvellous.' Like
St. Cuthbert, he was credited with second sight : the monk, his persecutor,
found him praying before the altar for the soul of his half-brother, of whose
murder in Denmark he had a presentiment that proved well founded.'-^
Another day, as some merchantmen'' were sailing smoothly past the island,
he said to some of the numerous visitors that hermits invariably attract,
'Do you not see the monster following those ships?''' They then perceived
the figure of a woman gliding in a cloud on the sea. 'That woman,' he
continued, ' will presently strike the sea and raise a storm that will engulf
the vessels and most of their crews.' Before long came the news that the
ships had indeed been driven on the sands and rocks, nearly all hands being
lost. We are not told that the saint essayed to exorcise the fatal phantom ;
a mariner subsequently ascribed his escape from shipwreck to St. Henry's
intercession. A drunken monk of Tynemouth was dumbfounded when
' the hermit of Coquet Isle ' named the place and the hour of his last
debauch. A priest in the immediate neighbourhood was lying dangerously
ill: as St. Henry approached his house '■ he heard the demons gloating over
their sure possession of his soul, alleging the priest had only done one good
deed in all his life. With some difficulty he convinced them that the one
good deed was of such a nature as to outweigh all the bad ones ; such was
their disappointment that the demons placed no further hindrance in the
way of the priest's recovery and reformation. Except for a pilgrimage to
Durham, to the shrine of the saint he strove to emulate, this is the only
mention of St. Henry quitting his island.
In the winter of 1126-1127, the pain caused by his ulcerated knee
became intense, but St. Henry would not allow any one to enter his cell.
He passed the cold days and long nights all alone,*' without fire or light, in
' ' Dedit autem Dominus ayiicultLirae suae in terra sterili fructus incredibilis incrcmentuni.' Acta
Sanctorum, Bollandist, ii. p. 61.
'" ' Germanus at uterinus mens maleficentium saevitia in solo patrio intercmptus c^t.' Ih'ui.
' ' naves mercibus onustas.' Viid.
■" ' Numquid aspicitis monstrinn ilkid qnod navigantes insequitur? lUi vcro mulieris ctil'igicni post
naves supra mare eminentem se videre fatentur.' Ibui.
^ 'exsurgens a cella sua concito gradu ad domum infirmi propcravil.' Il'iJ.
" ' solus in aedicula sua.' Ihid.
3l8 WARKWORTH PARISH.
cheerful contciUiiKiU. t)n Sundav, the- i6tli of Januaiy, a man' on the
ishnul thought he heartl two choirs of angels in the air chanting alternate
verses of the Te Deum. The hymn ceased, the hermit's bell rang; the monk
of the island hastened to the cell and found St. Henry seated on a stone
holding the bell-rope, in all the calm of sleep — life had passed away, a
mortuary candle that the saint had had no means of lighting was burning at
his side." After a very necessary ablution, the body acquired the whiteness
of snow. The parishioners were determined to place it in a shrine in their
own church,' no doubt at Warkworth. As they were conveying it to the
mainland a thick fog lowered over the sea and they lost their wav. They
landed near another church,' perhaps that of Woodhorn, in which the body
rested that night. St. Henry, it was declared, now appeared in a vision and
directed that it should be carried to Tynemouth the first thing the next
morning before the neighbourhood had time to reassemble and defend what
they regarded as their precious heritage. At Tynemouth the monks buried
it with all honour a little to the south of St. Oswin's shrine.'*
A centurv later another hermit, Martin bv name, a man of a mechanical
turn of mind, entered into a speculation which might have had a tragic, and
did come to an abrupt conclusion, for a windmill which he had erected on the
island aroused the jealousy of Robert fitz Roger (died 1214), who thought
that the trade of his own mills at Warkworth would suffer.
.'\ccustomed to act as if lie were prince of the whole country, he sent thirty men with mattocks and
axes to destroy the objectionable mill. Maitin was too frightened to say anything ; the protests of his
Gehazi nearly cost him his life. After all, the chronicler adds, many people thought it was not the right
thing for a professed hermit to speculate in a windmill, as mills, like shows, were apt to harbour
piomiscuous society."
In the list of fortalices in 141 5 the tower of Coket-eland belonged to
the prior of Tynemouth.' In 1430 Roger Thornton, the opulent Newcastle
merchant, when making his will, amongst manv other benefactions, gave 'to
Coketeland j fother leed.' In addition to an annuity of _£.1S 13s. 4d. given by his
' 'vir quidam.' Ada Sanctorum, Bollandist, ii. p. 6i.
■■'monachus sonitu tinlinnabuli audito accurrens, funiculum eum tenentem, et super lapidem resi-
dentem invenit, et candelam, quam, ipse expers ignis ante mortem divinitus accenderat, ardentem vidil.'
Ibid.
^ 'parochiani vicini tantum amitteae thesaurum formidantes, congregata mnltorum copia vim
deferentibus inferre, et in ecclesia sua servum Dei sepeliri inito consilio nitebantur.' Ibid.
' ' in quadam ecclesia.' Ibid. Gibson, Tyitcmotith.
' ' in latere parietis arcuato.' Ibid. Cf. The Chronicles of St. /I /Amii, quoted by Gibson, Tynemouth, i. p. 38.
" Bates, History of Northumberland, p. 151. ' Bates, Border Holds, i. p. 19.
COOl'KI" ISI.Wl). 319
ancestors, Henrv, the second eail of Nortlnunbcrlaiul, on the J^th ot August,
1442, granted 26s. 8d. a vear for the clothing of two monks and an augmenta-
tion of 40s. a vear, making in all / 10, on the condition that the prior and
convent of Tvnemouth should find at their own charges two monks, in orders,
to celebrate mass or masses and other divine ofliices or services and pray
dailv within the chapel of Coquet Island for the souls of the said lord and
Alianor, his wife.'
The Tower and Cell.
The buildings which now exist on the island are in the occupation of
the Trinity House, and comprise a tower used as a lighthouse, with various
store, lamp and cleaning rooms, and cottages for the attendants. The
buildings so occupied have been adapted to and are built chiefly on the
foundations of previous work ; they received their present form about 1840.
There is incorporated in the modern cottages a considerable extent
of ancient work, which appears to be of one date. It can be easily traced,
and is shown on the plan ; the total length of the buildings from east
to west being about 95 feet. The chief feature is the vaulted chamber,
which occupies the western half of the range : this chamber is 14 feet
3 inches in width, and the vaulting, four-centered in form, extends to
43 feet ; the side walls are 3 feet 3 inches thick, and are pierced by three
small windows with widely splaved jambs, the external portions of which
have been destroyed. In the west wall are two straight joints indicating
a former opening at the place. On the east side of the entrance doorway
is a buttress-like projection ; it contains a newel-staircase leading to an upper
floor. Above the vaulted chamber, to the extent of three-fourths of its
length, are some modern apartments ; the remaining portion at the east
end is covered by a flat roof enclosed on the north and south sides by
fragments of ancient walling, including the chamfered and rebated jambs of
two small window openings. The eastern portion of the range of buildings
was narrower than the western. Some ancient walling extends along its
north side and at the east end, in the latter is a window opening with
double chamfered jambs grooved for glass ; the width of this opening is
4 feet, and must consequently have been filled by mullions and tracery.
The sill of this window is only 3 feet below the level of the upper floor
' Duke of Nurthumherlainrs MSS. Receivers' Accounts. 32 Hen. \'I. .ir.d 20 Edw. I\'.
;jO WARKWORTll PARISH.
over tlu' vaiiltcti ch;imlnT, indicalim; that the eastern portion of tlie
building was \ eiv hiyli, probably almost if not quite equal to the iieight
of two Hoors of the western portion. On the north side of the buildings
just described, and about midway in their length, is a projection measuring
on the ground floor about 8 feet square ; it may be of solid masonry ;
it is not now accessible. On three sides of the e.xterior of this projection
there is a chamfered oversailing course, and between it and the north
wall of the main buildings are some arched oversailing courses bridging
the angle.' On the upper floor the plan of this projection is vcrv
unusual, it comprises two small (6 feet bv 3 feet 6 inches) or one large
divided chamber, with a small window on the east side, and on the
south the chamfered and rebated jamb of a door opening and a portion
of the threshold stone. In the east jamb of the door is a bar-hole 5 inches
square by 3 feet 6 inches long, an unusual feature for an interior door.
There is a flue 14 inches bv 11 inches in the thickness of the wall; it is
indicated on the plan. These walls onlv attain to a height of 4 feet above
the floor level.
Decay and the action of the authorities of the Trinity House have so
destroyed the old work that it is not easy to determine the original use
of the buildings. It is possible that the east window and gable are those
of a chapel, and the small chamber on the north mav have been -a priest's
cell protected by the door with a bar-hole, and approached bv a stair within
the chapel, and that in the vaulted chamber, and the accommodation
provided above it, we have the buildings mentioned in the Ministers'
Accounts at the dissolution of the monasteries. The occupants of the east
end of the upper floor of the western portion of the buildings could, if
desired, command a view of the interior of the chapel, as was the case
in manv domestic buildings, including the chapel of Warkworth donjon."
On close inspection the lighthouse tower, to the height of about 30 feet,
appears to be of ancient masonry. It has been modernized almost beyond
recognition bv the Trinitv House contractors, who increased the height and
thickness of the walls, but did not quite obliterate portions of the jambs of
two windows.'
' See llie plan. " Described on pp. 107-S.
■* Mr. M. H. Dand of Hauxley, whose memory is to be relied upon, remembers ihe walls of a roofless
tower previous to 182S. Surely we have here the remnant of the " Turris de Cokctcland, owned by the
priors of Tinemouth,' mentioned in the list of castles and fortalices made in 1415.
Vol. V.
41
COOUET ISIANI).
?21
Among sundry fragments lying near the bmldings are tlie stones, one
a grave cover, the other apparently a squhit, which no doubt occupied a
position at the west end of the chapel, perhaps in conjunction with the
cell mentioned above.
SCALE
|tl|h|ll|lll
INCHES
END
Ffec-r
qRAVE
Pl^N OF STOME.
5>IDE
END
'iiiniiiiuiiiinnii
±1
Leland, writing about 153S, says 'The isle of Coquet standeth upon a
very good vayne of secoles, and at the ebbe, men digge on the shore by the
clives and find very good.' '
xA.t the dissolution of the monasteries,'- Thomas Bennet was chaplain on
Coquet Island, and he continued to farm the revenues of the chantry from
the Crown. They amounted to ^15 4s. 8d.^ per annum, and proceeded from
The farm of the island which contained fourt acres of pasture, with i =■ <••
buildings and a chapelin the island, and a tenement, a barn, and three
selions of arable land in the vill of Hauxley
A rent-charge issuing out of Warkworth castle
A tenement called Donkin-rig, leased to the widow of Edward Kenwick of
Rothley
A cottage, 4s., and a garden, is., at Seaton, in the parish of Woodhorn
.A. cottage at Ellington, 2s. ; a cottage at iMeresfen, 4s.
A cottage at Newbiggin, formerly worlh 45. a year, but now waste and
worth nothing ...
.\ rent from two mills at Warkwork in the tenure of Sir Edward Radcliffe...
A cottage and lands at Hart, in the county of Durham, in ihc tenure of the
vicar of Tynemouth as tenant at will of the king ...
.\ cottage and two acres of land in Westoe, county Durham
I
0
0
10
0
0
0
5
0
0
5
0
0
6
0
' Itincriiry, vi. p. 67.
- ,\t Michaelmas, 1508, there was a payment of los. to Robert Dallon, monk of Cokctt Island, for
carriage of salt-fish bought for the earl of Northumberland's household, etc. Duke <>J Nurlhumhcr-
lamt's MSS. Receivers' Accounts, 34 Hen. VII. ' KxUact horn Ministers' Accounts, 1540-1541. Il'i'i.
322 WARKWORTH PARISH.
With the site of Tvnemoiith priory the ishmd in 1550 was j;raiited
to John Dudley, earl of Warwick, afterwards duke of Northumberland ;'
after its return to the Crown on his attainder it became a resort of the
unrulv and of law-breakers. In 1569 Rowland Forster, captain of Wark,
on examination, states that :
He li.id in bis house at Waik, about two years past, before the going of the soldiers to Newhaven,
one Thomas, a Scotts man, and then the said Thomas did take in hand to coyne ' hard heddes,' ' the
wliidi he cowld not bring to any perfection then, and required me to get him a place of more secretness to
work more at liberty .... Before 1 had got hym another place, one liarber, a soldier of Barwick,
which was acquaynted with the said Thomas before, did bring one .Arthur in the night time to my house
to the said Thomas, and said he could skill in the same art, and they both did there put in use to have
stamped ' hard hedds,' and could bring it to no perfection, and thereupon I put them in a place called
the Cokett Hand, and there was the space of twenty days and more, and yet could not bring it to no
perfection that was good, and having m.ade thereof to the value often pounds, I took the same and threw
it away, and caused them to swear on a book that they should never use that art again, and so they and
I departed and had never more to doo.^
On the 7th of October, 1609, James I. granted the island with the chapel
thereon, a barn, etc., in Hau.xley, to George Salter and John Wilkinson,'
who in the December following sold the same to Edward Morley of the
Inner Temple and Robert Morgan of London ; and they, on the 26th of
January, 1609/10, resold it to Sir William Bowes of Streatlam.^ In the
following year Bowes granted a twenty-one years' lease to Francis Jessop
and others, in which, after reserving the right to dig stone and to carry it
away by ship for his own use, he covenants that the lessees shall disburse
^^150 'in making a dock or small haven" for a ship in some part of the said
island'; also the lessor was, after the lessees had recouped themselves ^.400,
to have one-third part of the yearly gains from the stone trade in the island,
and reserved power to re-enter if the lessees should take less in any one year
than 500 tons of stone.'
George Whitehead, writing to the earl of Northumberland from Wark-
worth on the 21st of June, 1609, after speaking of the difficulties to be
overcome in obtaining building stone from the quarrv at Brotherwick, says :
' P<it. Roll, 4 Edw. VI. pt. 7.
- ' Ilardluad, hardheid. ."X small coin of mixed metal or copper.' Jamieson, Scottish Diet.
' -State Papers quoted in Richardson's Rare Ncweastle Trneis, No. 4.
' Pelt. Roll, 7 Jas. I. pt. 35. * Cf. pedigree of Eure, p. 243.
° There are now three landing places on the island, 'the quay hole' to the northward, 'the horse haven,'
an-d 'the ducket hole' to the southward ; 'the quay hole' has evidently been fashioned by craftsmanship.
' Duke of Northumbeiiitnd's MSS.
COQUET ISI.ANn. 323
We shall, with beinge a little bcliduUliiigc to S' Williaiii liowes, fuinisli ourselves at Cokct Hand as
well as heaie with lesse trouble ami rhaidge yf Mr. I'cnne [the master mason] shall lyke the stone, which
S' William Bowes his workman assines me will service your lordship very well. Ther is even nowe at
this instante a ship of vij" toones, ladinge the same stone for Holande and wilbe despacht within eyght
dayes.'
The Stone was required to make or repair the battlements at Syon
house. The stone quarried at Coquet Island was recommended as being
most suitable for the battlements at Syon," and stone obtained at Walbottle
the best adapted for paving. ' Cocket Ilande stone is a very stronge and
sounde weather stone, reasonable white and weares the whiter in workinge,
and may be wone and shipped at iiij''' ob. the foote, and the fittest stone in
the northe for your lordship's buildinge : this stone is to be had by the
consent of Mrs. Bowes after this yeare, but now of S': William Bowes.'
The island was the scene of one of the acts of the drama of the Civil
War. Colonel Curset, a commander in the Scottish army, in A True Rela-
tion of the Scots takiyig of Cocket Hand on the I2th of February, 1644/5,
wrote as follows :
Whereas there are twenty thousand Scots already in England, and there are twelve thousand more
mustering in Scotland, they have already possest themselves of all the east part of Northumberland and
the forts and castles betweene Barwicke and Tinmouth. They have taken the isle of Cocket, and the
garrison thereof with seventy commanders and other common souldiers, seven peeces of ordnance, and
all their ammunition, and have placed a garrison of their owne men therein.'
A very rare little book printed in London in 1653 contains the following
passage copied almost verbatim from a Dutch book on navigation, printed in
Amsterdam, circa 1630, by Jacob and Casparus Loots-man, entitled 77ie
Lightning Coloniin or Sea Mirronr :
The Cocker Island is a very little island, and not high, it lycth about a halfe league from the land,
you may come to an ankor in it for an east-south and south-east wind, but the wind coming to the north-
wards of the east maketh there a bad road, for you must lye betwixt the island and the maine land, where
you have no shelter for a north wind. On the south side of the island the ground is foul, and a little to
the southwards of the island runneth off a foul ledge of rocks* from the shore untill thwart or past the
island. He that cometh from the southwards must keep the coast of Bambrough without the island, or
else he should not faile to saile upon the point of that foresaid ledge.
Betwixt the ledge and the island it is also very narrow, so that a man standing at low water mark
upon the rocks of this ledge, should almost be able to cast with a stone to the island. For to sail in
there, take heed unto these marks hereafter described : There standeth a house upon the seaside, which
is a salt-kettle,* and also a castle" somewhat further in within the land, which doth shew it selfe high
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
■ 'A note of the stones for the battlements of Syon and for the pavinge stone, etc., 1609.' Ihiti.
^A True Relation, ^ic. London; Printed for Andrew- Coe according to order, JUicXLlv. Richardson's
Reprints of Rare Tracts, etc. ii. Historical.
* Hauxley head. '' Amble salt-pans. " Warkworth castle.
324 WARKWORTH PARISH.
enough, briiii; tliein one in ilie oilier, and llien tlicy shall stand soniculiai nioie north ilicn west Iroiii you,
and run in so riyht with them, and so yon shall run in amidst the channell, between both, beiny come
within, edge up behind the island, and ankor there in five or six fathom,'
The island and its appurtenants in tiie village of Hauxley were sold in
1675 bv William Eiire of New Elvet (grandson of Sir William Bowes, the
purchaser) to David Nairn, M.D., of Newcastle, subject to a mining tease
held bv Martin Fenwick of Kenton." Six years later, on the 4th of August,
1 68 1, it was resold by Nairn to John Kelley,' who possessed lands at
Chevington and at other places. On the 2nd of Mav, 1734, John Kellcy'
(grandson of the first-named John Kelley) and Elizabeth, his wife, in con-
sideration of ^337 los., sold to Robert Widdrington of Hauxley, Coquet
Island, and the chapel thereon, and certain lands more particularly described
in Hauxley.'
Horsley, writing about 1730, savs that the island was uninhabited,
thouijh there were remains of houses and a tower," but seventeen vears later
another writer says that there were ' hutts for the diggers of sea-coal, of
which here is great plenty. Vast flocks of wild fowl continuallv harbour and
lav their eggs on this island, bv the sale of which the fishermen make great
advantages, as well as by the fish which they catch here in abundance.''
In 1753 John Widdrington of Hauxlev sold the island to Hugh, earl of
Northumberland, but retained the parcels of land on the mainland ; it now
forms part of the Percy estates, but is leased to the master and brethren of
the Trinity House.
Wallis, writing in 1769, says of Coquet Island that :
The island is about a mile in circumference, and a mile and a quarter from the mainland, stored with
rabbets. It hath pit-coal, as menticned by Leland; also white free-stone and slates, the former of
different fineness, the worst with some red mokculae, the latter usually about three-ciuarters of an inch
thick. On the west side have been salt-pans, about sixty yards from which are the ruins of the monastic
cell and chapel, and just below them is a bank of factitious sand, of a remarkable brightness, the dissolution
of silvery rag-stone, of which there are large strata on the shore between Warkworth and Alnmouth, often
left bare and in view after storms and high tides. Hard by, upon a rock, grows plenty of rape, probably
first brought there by some shipwreck."
' A Description and Plot of the Sea Coasts of England, etc., p. 28. London : Printed by Tho. Jcnncr,
1653. - Duke 0/ Northuniberldud's MSS. 'Ibid.
* See pedigree of Kelley under West Chevington.
' Duke of Nortluini'ierland's MSS. The conveyance included the following premises in Hauxley: The
site of a barn, a garih and four ridges of land ; the dwelling house with its ganh between the farm house
of William Cresswell on the west and Matthew Kirton on the east; the two housesteads or wastes, and
six ridges or butts on the north side of the town, called the ' tyth yards ' ; the ridge or butt of ground at
the east end of the town, with a waste or housestead thereunto belonging.
" Horsley, Materials for the History of Northmnberland, p. 27.
' Complete System of Geography, by Emmanuel Bowen, London, 1747, i. p. 207. "Wallis, ii. [). 347.
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON. 325
vSome vears ago an attempt was made to replace the native breed by the
white Angora rabbit, but the experiment was not successful. The rabbit, the
tern, and the eider duck were banished on the building of the lighthouse, and
the seals — which frequented or inhabited the northern part of the island in
sufficient numbers to cause the fishermen great trouble by taking salmon out
of their nets — were shot down or banished by the pleasure-seekers brought
some thirty years ago in steam tugs from the Tyne.
A French family ascribes its origin to Coquet Island.'
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON.
The township of Togston forms an irregular parallelogram of 1,079 ^cres,
of which the east end abuts upon the sea ; its population in 1891 was 500,-
having more than doubled itself in the previous ten years, through the
erection within the boundaries of the township of cottages for miners working
at Broomhill colliery.^ The soil produces heavy crops of fine wheat, and also
provides excellent grazing ground.
At the end of the last and at the beginning of this century, successive
owners and tenants of Togston obtained some note as breeders of high-class
cattle. 'A cow of the Blackwell breed,' by 'the famous Togston bull of
that dav,' belonging to Mr. William Smith, purchased by Mr. Widdrington
of Hauxley, 'a well-known breeder of fine cattle,' at the sale of Mr.
Edward Cook (died November, 1786), left good stock in the neighbour-
hood.^ A cow bred and fed by Mr. William Smart of Trewhitt, who after
Cook's death rented his lands, when killed in 1792 was found to weigh
150 stones.^ Thirty years later, Henry Porritt of Togston obtained a wider
distinction as a breeder of shorthorns," and his horses ' Eclipse ' and
' Zoroaster ' are not yet forgotten.'
• ' Les Tryon etaient allies aux Coquet, barons de la Roche de Guimps, etc., en Guienne, qui se
disaient, eux, venus, de File de Coquet sui- la cote de Northumberland. De Coquet: d'azur a un chevron
d'or accompagne en pointe d'un coq. de meme, Crete et barbe de gueules, et un chef cousu de gueules,
charge de deux etoiles d'argent.' Les Ecossais en France, etc., par Francisque Michel, Londres, 1862,
i. p. 457-
-The Census Returns are: 1801, 84; 1811, 96; 1821, 102; 1831, 149; 1S41, 151; 1S51, 217;
1861,224; 1871,208; 1881,232; 1891,500.
' There is also a small colliery within the township. A collier)' at Togston was advertised for sale in
the Neurastk Courant of 7th June, 1828 ; and it was put up for sale by auction at Newcastle on the 8th of
June, 1848.
' Newcastle Courant, iSth March, 1797. ' Xezccastle Advertiser, 14th January, 1792.
» Herd Book, iv. No. 5487, etc. Bates, Thomas Bates and the Kirklevington Shorthorns, p. 224.
' Ex inf. Mr. M. H. Dand.
326 WARKWORTH PARISH.
The hamlet of Togston is situated at the north-west corner of the
township. It contains two houses sheltered by plantations of forest trees,
which belong respectively to Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith and Mr. Brignell
Dand ; and there are homesteads at Togston Rarns, East Togston, and
Togston Low-hall.
Though in the list of fortalices of 14 15 no mention is made of any tower
at Tosston, there seems to have been a small stronghold there. It stood
on a site a little to the north-west of Mr. Lawson-Smith's house until about
1820, when it was taken down by Mr. T. G. Smith, to his subsequent and
lasting regret.^
In the twelfth centurv Ralph fitz Main and his descendants, who were
foresters of Northumberland, held three-fourths of the manor of Togston
of the king in sergeanty." In the year 1 200 Ralph fitz Peter paid 50 marks
for having his land, at Ditchburn, Cartington, and Ryle, which he used to
hold by sergeanty, by knight's service; but he was to render besides los.
a year for his land of Togston.^ By an agreement made in the king's
court at Newcastle on the Sunday after the 2nd of February, 1234/5, John
fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth, for the sum of ;^io, quit-claimed to Roger de
Toggesden and his heirs the suit of Warkworth mill, which Roger's father
Gilbert de Toggesden used to pay, and which Roger had unjustly withheld.*
About the vear 1240 Roger fitz Ralph, lord of Ditchburn, held three parts
of Togston of the king at an annual rent of los., Roger de Toggisden*
holding under him by knight's service.'^
The fourth part of the manor of Togston had been held bv the
sergeanty of carrying the king's writs from Warkworth to Hamburgh, and of
keeping at Togston the cattle taken for debts due to the Crown ; but this
tenure by sergeanty ceased on the grant of the manor of Warkworth to
' Ex inf. Mr. M. H. Dand. 6th March, 189S.
- In 1130 Odard, the sheriff, rendered an account of los. for the rent of Toggesdene. Mug. Rot. Pip.
SI Hen. I. Hodgson, Northumhcrtand, pt. iii. vol. iii. pp. xii and 2. In 1 177 Roger de Stutevill, the
sheriff, accounts for half a mark for Toggesdean. Ibid. 23 Hen. II. Ibid. p. 27.
' 'Radulfus filius Petri reddit compotum de quinquaginta marcis pro habenda terra sua per servitium
feodi unius militis quam tenere solet per serjantiam foreste ; et preter predictum servitium reddet per
annum decem solidos de terra sua de Techesdon.' Ibid. 2 John. Ibid. p. 73. Cf. Hartshorne, p. 1S9.
• Feet of Fines, Hen. III. "Northumberland.
' Magister Roger de Toggesden was an attesting witness to an award made at Alnwick at Christmas,
1221, concerning the chapel at Cawsey park. Brinkburn Chartulary, Page, p. 62, Surtees Soc. No. 90.
He was also an attesting witness to a grant made by Roger de Merlay III. of mills at Stannington to
the abbot and convent of Newminster between the years 1246 and 1257. Nei^minstey Chartulary, Fowler,
p. 278, Surtees Soc. No. 66.
' Testa de Xevill : Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. pp. 211, 212, 219.
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON. 327
Rojrer fitz Richard.' About 1240 William of Toggisdcn held the fourth
part of Togston of the heirs of John fitz Richard, paying 20s. a year for the
same ;- and in 1249 it was found that William of Togesdene held the fourth
part of the vill of Roger fitz John, by charter and tlu' rent of 20s. a vear/
As early as 1250 the Knights Hospitallers held in Togston a toft and 13
acres of land, for which they paid 8s. 8d. a vear to the king/
Roger de Toggesdene had four daughters, namelv, Ellen, wife of John
de Plessey, Emma, Aline, and Agnes. By a settlement made in the octave
of St. Hilary, 1252, in the king's court at York, Roger de Toggesden gave
to John de Plessey and Ellen his wife three parts of the manor of Togston,
the manor of East Ditchburn, and two carucates of land in ' Echerston,' for
which he was to pay to each of Roger's other daughters at Michaelmas a
silver mark, namely, to Emma and her heirs at Wygehal, to Aline and her
heirs at Little Sandal, and to Agnes and her heirs at Great Sandal. John de
Plessey gave to Roger a life interest in the manors of Plessey and Shotton.
In the event of John de Plessey and Ellen, his wife, dving without issue
(which seems to have eventually happened) Togston and the other estates
comprised in the settlement were to revert to the heirs of Roger.**
At the Northumberland assizes of 1256, Ralph Freeman" claimed certain
lands in Shotton, of which his kinswoman, Isolda, daughter of William
Godewyn, had been seised ; the action was resisted by Roger de Togesden,
who held them in right of Agnes, his wife.'^ William de Toggesden was one
of the witnesses to a grant made by Adam de Bockenfield to the prior and
convent of Brinkburn in 1269,** and he himself gave to the same house a
yearly rent-charge of 2s. issuing out of his lands in Bockenfield.''
' ' Quarta pars de Toggesden lencbatur olim per serjantiam portandi brevia regis de Werkewrth usque
Bamburgh at recipiendi averia capta pro debitis dni regis apud Toggisden, set postquam rex H. dedit
manerium de Werkewrth Rogero Helle cessit serjantia eadem.' Testa dc Ncvill: Hodgson, Northumber-
land, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 230. Cf. Hartshnrne, p. 18S. Roger Helle, or Helke, was Roger fitz Richard, lord of
Waikworth, who died in 1 178. It is not known why he was so styled, but his son, the founder of Langley
abbey, in the foundation charter is styled Robert fitz Roger Helke. Cf. Hates, Border Holds, i. p. 88.
- Testa de Nevill ; Hodgson, Northiiinberland, pt. iii. \'0l. i. pp. 204, 214.
" Inq. p.m. Rog. fit. Johannis, 22nd June, 33 Hen. HI. No. 66. Arch. Ael. 4to series, iii. p. 100.
'Mag. Rot. Pip. 1250, 1252, 1253, 1256, 1259, 1261, 1262, 1267, 1269, 1271, 1272. Hodgson, North-
umberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. pp. 222, 225, 228, 234, 240, 255, 261, 269, 279, 28S, 295.
5 Feet of Fines, Hen. III. Northumberland. In the pedigree of Plessis of Plessis printed in Hodgson,
Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 295, it is erroneously stated that Roger de Togston married .Agnes,
daughter and heiress of John de Plessey.
" Ralph Freeman's daughters, Maud and Eda, released their claim on these lands to John de Plessey.
Carta Ridlecina ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 346.
' Northumberland Assize Roll, 40 Hen. III. Page, p. 26, Surtees Soc. No. 88.
» Brinkburn Chartiitary, Page, p. 41, Surtees Soc. No. 90. '' Ibid. p. 55.
Vol. V. 42
328 WARKWORTH TARISH.
It seems possible that when the history of the barony of Ditchburn is
investisated, the Tosston fainilv mav be found to be scions of the family
of fitz Main, lords of that fee.
Gilbert DE Togston ; was dead before 2nd Feb., 1235 (a) = ...
Roger de Togston ; in 1240 held ihree p.irlsof Togston of the barony of Ditchburn (//) ; = Agnes ... ; living .Ian.,
in Ian., 1252, settled his lands in Togston, East Ditchburn, etc., upon John de Plessey 1252 (a) ; apparently
and Ellen, his wife {<>) ; apparently dead before 1267, when a provision was made for dead before 1267 (c).
the anniversary of his death to be kept at Newininster (c).
Ellen (a) ; was ^ John de Plessey, who in 1267 gave the Emma; mar- Aline; married Agnes; married
dead before manor of Plessev and the advowson of ried ... of ... of Parva ... of Magna
1267 (c). the hospital of Hartford Bridge to his Wygehal Sandal (a). Sandal (a).
brother Simon de Plessey (a). (a).
(a) Feet of Fines, Hen. III. Northumberland. [h) Testa de Kevill ; Hodgson, h'orthumherlandy pt. iii. vol. i. p. 212.
(<:) Cartcv RidUjnte ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 74.
In 1275 William de Tokesden and Agnes, his wife, by their attorney,
William de Pendemore or Uting de Werkewrth, brought an action against
Thomas de Hesaund in a plea of dower. ^ William de Toggesdene was
constable of Warkworth castle in 1297," and his name stands at the head of
the subsidy rolls of I2g6 and 131 2.
ToGGiSDEN Subsidy Roll, 1296.
Summa bonoruni Willclmi de Toggisden
,, Thomae filii Hugonis
„ Galfridi filii Alexandri
„ Willelmi de Haukislaw-e
„ Radulphi filii Willelmi
,, Galfridi filii Thomae
Summa htijus villae, ^S 4s. gd. Unde domino regi, 14s. iijd.
William de Tokisdene was one of the jury who sat upon the inquisition
taken on the death of Robert fitz Roger in 13 10, in which inquisition he is
stated to have held as a free tenant a fourth part of the vill of Togston,^
rendering yearly to the lord of Warkworth 20s. of white ferm ;' his name
reappears at the head of the subsidy roll of 13 12.
' T)e Banco Rolls, 3 and 4 Edw. I. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 242.
■-' Border Holds, i. p. 91 ; see p. 28 supra.
^ Inq.p.m. Rob. fil. Rog. 3 Edw. II. No. 55. Arch. Acl. 4to series, iii. p. 103.
' ' When quit-rents payable to the Crown by freeholders of manors were reserved in silver, or white
money, they were anciently called u'hile rent or blanch fcrms, rcditus albi, in contradistinction to rents
reserved in work, grain, etc., which were called rcditus nigri or black mail' ; Jacob, Laiu Dictionary,
ed. 1797. ' Alba jirma : Census annuslis qui centenario sive domino hundredi penditur. Ideo alba dicta,
quod non ex more prisci saeculi in aunona quae tunc black mail nuncupata fuit (hoc est, census vcl firma
nigra), sed argento, quasi censu ntbo reddebatur.' Cowel, Interpreter, 1727.
£
s.
d.
s.
d.
3
19
-t
unde
regi
7
2}
I
5
10
2
4
0
13
0
I
2h
0
12
3
I
'I
0
13
8
I
3
I
0
8
I
loi
TowNsHU' ()!• roGSToK. 3:2g
TOGGISDKN SUIiSlUV RtilL, IJI2.
C s. .1. s. <1.
Summa bonoium WiUclmi de Toyyisilcn li i 7 uncle rcgi 22 2
,) Johannis filii Willelmi i 3 8 „ - a\
„ Thomae de Chcvenlon 250 „ 4 6
I) Galfridi filii Alexandri ... ... 116 „ 22
11 Willelmi de Haukeslawe ... ... o 12 10 „ i 3i
,1 Cialfridi de Gysins ... ... ... i 12 8 „ 3 3}
Totius villae de To<(gisden, /J17 17s. jd. LInde rcgi, 35s. 8jd. (sic).
In 1 3 14 Roger litz Ralph was found to have died seised of the manors of
East and West Ditchburn and Great Ryle, of half the vill of Cartington, of the
manor of North Charlton, and of the manor of Togesdene ; and from him Sir
Robert de Fawdon, knight, held the manors of Togston and East Ditchburn,
which were then worth ^20 a year.' Three years later,' Richard de Horsley
held lands in the vill of Toggesden, as well as the manor of Thernham.
Thogesden Subsidy Roll, 1336.
Ricardus filius Thomae, .\s.; Willelmus filius Rinaulphi, 3s.; Willclmus filius Alexandri, 2s. ; Rogerus
de Haukeslau, is. Summa, los.
In 1345 William de x'\cton, son of William de Acton of Newcastle, gave
to Roger de Widdrington, brother of Sir Gerard de Widdrington, a rent-
charge of ;^20, payable out of his lands in Redesdale called Wyscharshell,'
and a similar rent-charge out of his lands in ' OwhynitkliefFe ' and Togston,
which grant was to become void on the conveyance by Acton to Widdring-
ton of the manor of West Swinburn and of a messuage and carucate of land
in East Swinburn.'
Sir Robert de Horsley, who died on the Friday after All Saints' day,
1391, was seised, in addition to half the vill of Thernham, of the fourth part
of the vill of Toggesden, which he held of John Fox and Maud his wife.
The latter was not worth more than 4 marks a year on account of the
destruction by the Scots. His son Robert was his heir, and was aged eleven
years on the 30th November, 1391.' Five years later it was found that Sir
John Beaumont, knight — who held of the king the manors of Ditchburn,
Cartington, and Ryle, and of the earl of Northumberland that of North
' Inq. p.m. Rog. fil. Rad. 8 Edw. II. No. 33.
- Inq. ad quod damnum, 11 Edw. II. No. 64. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 398.
' Query, Whiskershield.
' Egerton Charters, No. 567, Brit. Miis. ; also, Widdrini^ton Charters: Hodgson, Northumberland, pi. ii.
vol. ii. p. 252. Togston is also briefly mentioned in the inquisitions taken in 1352 and 1368 after the
deaths of Henry Percy the Strong and Henry Percy the Short. A rch. .lei. 410 series, iii. pp. 107, ill.
"' Inq. p.m. Rob. de Horsle chiv. 15 Ric. II. pt. i. No. 29. Writ, datctl Westminster, 14th January, 1392.
2,2)0 WARKWORTll I'AKISH.
Cluiiltoii — was seised of tliree parts of the manor of Toj^ston,' and had before
his death, by charter, dated 13th January, 1390/91, conveyed all his lands
in Northumberland to Thomas Pyncebek and others, apparently as trustees.
Horsley's part of Togston is included in a settlement made at Thernham
on the 20th of September, 1403, probablv on the marriage of Robert de
Horsley with Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William Swinburne, knight."
In 1498 William Carr and Thomas Grey of Horton held the fourth part
of the vill of Toggvsden by fealty and suit of court at Warkworth, each
paying a free rent of los. a year.^ In 1568 the proprietors were Sir Thomas
Grey of Horton, John Carnaby and Reynold Fenwick ;^ and in a survey of
the barony of Warkworth made about 1585 it is recorded that I'ialph Cirey,
esq.,^ John Carnaby,'^ and Randal Fenwick, gents., held jointly of the lord of
Warkworth their lands and tenements in Togston bv the service of a third
part of one knight's fee and by homage, fealty, and suit of court at
Warkworth every three weeks ; they also paid a yearly free rent of 205."
On the 20th of July, 1586, Ralph Grey of Horton, esq., sold his lands
in Togston, which comprised an undivided fourth part of the whole, to John
Wharrier, Edward Browell, and John Turner, all of Togston and apparently
his tenants, who entered into a covenant that they would grind their corn at
Grey's mill on the Coquet {i.e., at Morwick)."
' Iihj. p.m. Job. (le Bello Monte et Kuterina uxor ejus, 20 Ric. II. No. 14 ; Writ, dated Westminster,
13th September, 1396; Hodgson, Nortliumbcrland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 260. The barony of Ditchburn had
passed from the titz Ralphs to the Beaumonts about 1320. Cf. vol. ii. p. 294.
° Dodsworih MS. xlv. fols. 114 and 78 b. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, X, pp. 240, 243.
' Cartington's Rental, 14 and 15 Hen. VII. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' Liber Feodarii, 10 Eliz. ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. pp. Ixiii. Ixiv. Fenwitk had
apparently succeeded (ieorge Carr of Tanfield, and Carnaby, Roger Horsley of Thernham. Duke 0/
Northumberland's MSS.
'■" ' Elizabeth, Dei gratia, etc. Sciatis quod inter recordas, etc., anno regni nostri continetur sic.
Northumbriae, etc. Haec est finalis concordia, etc., inter Radulfum Gray generosum querentem et
Thomam Gray militem deforciantem de manerio de Toggcsdcn cum pertinenciis ac duodecim messuagiis,
etc., cum pertinenciis in Morwicke, Toggesden, Chilcrofte, Grey Sheiles, et Bambrough ac de tertia
parte unius niolendini aquatici cum pertinenciis in Morwick. Unde placitum convencionis summonilum
fuit inter eos in eadem curia, scilicet quod praedictus Thomas recognovit praedictuui manerium, etc.,
esse jus ipsius Radulfi et ilia remisit, etc., praedicto Radulfo Gray et heredibus suis, etc. Et praeterea
idem Thomas concessit pro se, etc., quod ipsi uarantizabunt praedicto Radulfo Gray, etc., messuagia
praedicta in perpetuum. Et pro hac recognitione, etc., idem Radulfus dedit praedicto Thomae ducentas
et triginta marcas argenti. In cujus etc., xii die Junii anno regni nostri supradicto.' Rev. lohn
Hodgson's Collection.
' It is recorded that 'John Carnaby, armigcr, forfeited ye manor of Toggesden in ye icbellicm of the
carles of Northumberland and Westmoreland' in 1569 [Book of Forjeitures in ye King's Remembvance
Office in ye Exchequer, Dodsworth, xlix.), but his name does not appear in the Act, 13 Eliz. cap. xvi. ' for
the confirmation of th' attaynders of Charles, earle of Westmerlande, Thomas, earje of Northumbcrhuul,
and others ' ; Statutes of the Realm. Cf. Sadler, State Papers, ii. p. 200.
' Survey of 1585. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' Schedule of Togston Deeds ; Rev. John Hodgson's Collection. Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds.
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON. 331
On the 26th of May, 1590, Marniaduke Fenvvick' of Kirkharlc inadc bis
will, in which he desired to he buried within the chancel of Kirkharle, and
gave bis lands at Great Bavington 'to my well-beloved sonne, John' Fenwick,
and failing him, 'to mv eldest sonne, Randal' Fenwick. 'I will that if my
goodes and chattels will not extend to paie my debtes and legacies, that my
lands in Togesden and Deaneham fullfil the same.' The testator died possessed
of personal estate to the value of .^247 i8s. 2d., of which the goods and
chattels at Togston were valued at £1 :
In 1594 Ralph (? Randal) Fenwick, gent., son and heir of Marniaduke
Fenwick, paid 20s. for relief of his lands in Togston, held of the earl of
Northumberland as of his manor and barony of Warkworth by the fourth
part of one knight's fee.^ At the muster of light horsemen taken at Aberwick-
edge on the 24th of November, 1595, there appeared from ' Uogsdon,' John
Turner, George Barde, George Horsley, John Burnwell, John Wharryer,
Edward Broughhill (Browell), and Roger Taler, all of whom were
sufficiently furnished with defensive armour and spears, though their horses
were ' defective.'^
George Horsley died soon afterwards, and the inventory of his goods
was taken on the 15th of February, 1597/98, by his neighbours, George
Baird, Cuthbert Hunter, and Roger Taylor.
1597. Nuncupative will of George Horsley. That a little before Michaelmas last in this j'ear 1597,
George Horsley of Togston, of Warkworth parish, did give all his goods, moveable and immoveable,
to his brother, Thomas Horsley, his debts being first paid. Witnesses, Cuthbert Hunter, Isabella Hall,
and others.
1597, 15th Feb. Inventory : 6 o.xen, i kowe, and i stirke, ^5 6s. 8d. ; i maire, 3 ewes, and i hogge,
£1 los. ; I sewe and i goose, 5s.; wanes and ploughes with appurtenants, i6s. ; 2 almyres, i cawell,'
and I chist, i6s. ; 3 pots, i kettell, 10 doublers, and 2 sawcers, 13s 4d. ; 2 barrells and I malt tub, is. 8d.;
I table, a fire-crooke, a paire of tongs, an iron spit, and i chaire, 3s. 4d. ; his bedding and the rest of
insight goods, 6s. 8d. ; 3 bowles of hard corne sown, estimated to 9 bowells, £b 6s. ; i bowle of bigge sown,
estimated to 3 bowles, £\ los.; 5 bowles of oats sowen, estimated to 25 bowles, £i, los. Total, ;^22 4s. 8d.
Debts owing by testator: Cuthbert Hunter, ^i 15s. 4d.; Alice Horsleye for an oxe, ^l 3s.; Isabella
Hunter for ane oxe, l6s. ; Roland Dunne for ane oxe, l6s. ; Thomas Bruell, 15s.; George Horsleye for
a bushell of wheat, £1 2s. ; Edward Hudson of Hauxley for a kenningc of wheat, 6s. 8d. ; for oxen jest,
4s. ; for haye in the field of Chevington, 3s. 4d. ; to George Horsley for cheases, 3s. 4d. ; to Mabell
Hunter for cheese, is. 8d. ; to Jane Smith for cheese, 2s. 2d. ; Isabell Lawson for cheese, is. ; to Thomas
Bard, 6d. ; to Thomas Huntley, is. 3d.; to Thomas Nixon for a cheese, 8d. ; in rent to the lord, £\ ;
in charges with reaping and winninge the corne, £\ 13s. 4d. ; for clensing the house after the visitation,"
£\ 13s. 4d. ; Matthew .-Mlison, 6d. ; wadge to the bird, is. Total, ^12 os. id.'
' On a door-head in Mr. Lawson-Smith's house are the initials T. !■'., and the date 1546.
'" Wilh and Inventories, Grccnwell, ii. p. 247, Surtees Soc. No. 38.
" Bailiffs' Accounts, 36 Eliz. Duke of NorthnnihcrUinii's MSS. ' Ceil. Bonlrr Papers, Bain, ii. p. 74.
' A basket. ' See p. 290. ' Durham Probate Registry.
2,2)- W'ARKWDR III PARISH.
The township' remained open and nndivided until tlic ijth of Jaiuiarv,
1632/33, when articles of agreement were entered into by Sir William
Fenwick of Meldon, knight, Francis Carnaby of Togston, esq., and Gerard
Browell, Matthew Wharrier, and John Patterson, all of Togston, yeomen, in
which it was agreed that the township of Togston, alias Dogston, should be
divided in such a manner that Carnaby for his moiety should have the south
and west part of the township ; that Sir William Fenwick should have a full
quarter and some few acres more in consideration that his east part was more
barren than the other, 'to begin at the south end of the new casten dyke
joining upon Ladv Gray's ground not far from the windmill,' and that the
remaining fourth part should be assigned to Browell, Wharrier, and Patter-
son, who were styled 'the three freeholders.'^ Liberty to drive their cattle
to Morwick water, and way-leave to carry limestone and ware from the sea
shore, was reserved to the respective proprietors. In addition, Fenwick
agreed to cede to Carnaby the site, but not the material, of the house that
belonged to him, together with the yard or garden.^
The freehold in reversion in the Carnaby estate was in the infant
daughter of Sir William Carnaby, whose lands had been under sequestration
for delinquency since his death in 1645 up to the 12th of May, 1649, when
Jane Carnaby, then aged ten years, compounded through her guardian. Sir
Thomas Widdrington, by paying a fine of ^750, Sir Thomas undertaking
to report the case to parliament for a mitigation of the fine.* Togston
had in 1640 been granted on lease to Francis Carnabv,^ younger brother of
Sir William, to hold for the term of his life and for twenty-one years
afterwards. He fought as a captain of horse at the battle of Naseby on the
14th of June, 1645,* and was taken prisoner and died in the following
October. The two brothers are described by a contemporary writer in
the following pregnant words :
' In 162S the vill of Togston appears in the Hst of places paying a rent to the sheriff. Arch. Act.
iii. p. 93.
- A division of the three freehold farms, which until that time had been undivided, was made
nth November, 1686, between John Cook and Thomas Smith by the award of Robert Davison of
Warkworth Barns and Edward Kirton of Hauxley. Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds.
' From the original deed in the possession of Mr. M. H. Dand. Printed in Proc. of Newcastle Sue. oj
Aiitiq. viii. p. 242. * 1643-1660. Cal. Cum. for Cuinp. Cases, p. 2046.
' iSth March, 1640/1. Francis, son of William Carnaby of Farnham, Northumberland, esq., was
admitted to Gray's Inn. Foster, Gray's Inn Adiitissions, p. 230.
° Peacock, Army Lists uf Ruundhcads and Cavaliers, p. 94.
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSrON. 333
Sir Francis Carnaby and Sir Tliomas Carnaby, both gentlemen of good (|uality, of Thornuni, in
Northumberland, ;^ 10,000 the worse for the war; the one Treasurer of the Northern Army and the other a
coUonel ; both after the defeat at Marston Moor accompanying my lord of Newcastle beyond sea, whence
the first returned with new hopes to serve his majesty, and was slain at Sherburn in Yorkshire, 1645,
ha\ing time enough to rise on his knees and crie, ' Lord, have mercy upon me, bless and prosper his
majesty.' A short prayer at death scrvcth him whose life was nothing but one continued prayer. And
the other died at Paris, not much concerned that he was sd by and not set by: hung up, like the axe,
when it hath hewed all the hard timber, on the wall unregarded ; and none of those desired to embroyi
the nation in a new war, and like a knavish chiiurgeon out of design to blister the sound Hesh into a
sore, to gain by the curing of it.'
Administration to the personal estate of Francis Carnaby was granted
to his sister's son, Major William SalkekV who on the 21st of Jannary,
1652/53, petitioned 'the commissioners for compounding, sitting att
Habberdashers' hall.''
That it appeares by an indenture tripertite made the first day of Aprill, 1640, betweene Sir William
Carnaby, knight, and Francis Carnaby, his brother, of the first part, Richard Carnaby, gentleman, of
the second parte, and .'\nthony Allen, gentleman, of the third part, that anionge other thinges the
messuages, cottages, landes, tenements, and hereditaments lying and being within Togsden, in the
county of Northumberland, were setled by the said Sir William Carnaby to and for the use and behoofe
of the said Francis Carnaby and his assignes for and during bis life, and after his decease then
to and for the use and behoofe of him, the said Francis Carnaby, his executors, administrators,
and assignes for the terme of one-and-twenty yeares, to comence from the deathe of the said Francis
Carnaby. That the said Francis Carnaby dyed about the moneth of October, 1645, and your petitioners
in the moneth of October, 1646, tooke out letters of adniinistracon of all and singular the goodes,
chattells, and debts of the said Francis Carnaby (your petitioner being his nephew by the sister's side),
and your petitioner, afterwards comeing to London to compound at Habberdashers' hall, could not
proceed in his composicon by reason the writings were not come unto his hand, till afterwards he
procured the same by suing for them in Chancery, and in last Michaelmas terme had the same brought
into courte, where they are now remayning. Now, forasmuch as the estate of the said Francis Carnaby
is, by the late Act entituled an ' Act for Sale of severall Landes and Estates forfeited to the Comonwealth
for Treason,' to be sold.' Your peticoner therefore humbly prayes that his said letters of administracon
may be allowed unto him, and that he may accordingly compound for the said lease accordingly to the
rules appointed by the parliament.
Jane Carnaby^ carried her moiety of Togston in marriage to Sir
Thomas Haggerston of Haggerston, bart., and dying without issue in
September, 17 10, she was succeeded in her estates by her husband's grand-
' Lloyd, Memoires of the, etc., Personaf;es that suffered, etc., for the Protestant Religion, and the great
Principle thereof. Allegiance to their Sovereign, etc.. with the Life and Martyrdom of K. Charles, p. 668.
Lond. : 1668. Unfortunately, this writer has often been found to be inaccurate.
■ Cf. Salkeld pedigree, vol. ii. p. 141. ^ Com. for Comp. Cases, vol. 1 15, No. 781.
'The estate of Francis Carnaby of Togston is inserted in the Act for Sale passed on the iSth
November, 1652. Peacock, Index of Royalists, p. 46; Index Society publications.
Mn 1663 Mrs. Jane Carnaby was rated for lands in Togston, ^66; Hadston, /, 140: Thernham
(Farnham), ^60; Lynbridge and Whiteside, ^^70 ; Avdon and Whittingham Cote Shield, £80; or ^41^'
in all. 1666, 27th March ; Francis Craine of London binds himself in the penal sum of .£60 to keep
harmless John Patteson from John Salkeld of Rock and Sir William Salkeld, knight, respecting any rent
due to Jane Carnaby, daughter and heir of Sir William Carnaby, late of Harnham, or the said l-rancis
Craine, for lands and tenements in dispute between the said Carnaby and Salkeld in the village of
Togston. Ex cartis Cookson of Meldon.
-^•^4 WARKWORTH PARISH.
son, Sir Carnabv Haggerston.' On the ist of January, 1801, Sir Carnaby
Hasfeerston entered into articles of agreement with William Smith of
Togston for the sale of all his lands in Togston, computed to comprise 506
acres,- but the estate was not conveyed until 18 12. With the rest of Mr.
Smith's lands they have descended to Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith.
Sir William Fenwick, a party to the division of the township in 1633,
died in London in Mav, 1652, but before his death he had divided his
estates' amongst his three daughters and co-heiresses, giving Togston to his
second daughter, Catherine, wife of Henry Lawson of Byker.'' Like her
father, she, too, was involved in the troubles of the period, and on the 3rd of
December, 1650, being a widow, addressed the following petition to the
commissioners for compounding :
That her late husband being deceased about five years agoe, his estaite by intayle come to his brother
for whose dehnciuencye the same is under sequestration, she haveing noe jointure but only her thirds forth
of her late husband's estaite, the two parts wherof is also sequestred for her recusancye, see as she
receiveth but only the nynth parte of the valew of her late husband's estaite, some arreares wherof,
as also of her third parte of a small farme of the valew of ^20 per annum lying in a villag called
Toggesden, which is her owne inheritaunce, are behind and unpayd, the comissioners for the county of
Northumberland haveing made stay therof, upon your honors' generall order for the staying of the fifth
part of delinquents, contening the said order to extend alsoe to her thirds.
In tender consideration wherof she humbly beseecheth your honors to grant your order to the com-
missioners for Northumberland to pay unto her the said ninth part of the valew of her late husband's
estaite, and the third parte of the valew of her owne inheritance before mentioned, together with the
arreares therof.'
Upon the pelicon of Katherine Lawson, relict of Henry Lawson, late deceased, desireinge the
allowance of a ninth parte of her late husband's sequestred estate, and alsoe a third parte of her owne
inheritance sequestred for her recusancy, with the arreares thereof (a copy of which peticon is hereunto
annexed and attested by the registrar to this committee), it is thought fitt and ordered that it be referred
to the commissioners for sequestrations in the county of Northumberland (by whom the sequestration is
made), to allow and pay unto the pcticioner one full third parte of the thirds of the cleare yearely revenue
and benefitt of her said husband's sequestred estate for her maintenance, with the arreares thereof, which
have incurred since the 24th day of December last, 1649, together with a full third parte of her owne
inheritance, deductinge a due proportion for taxes and other charges and observing the instructions."
' On the 23rd December, 1719, Sir Carnaby Haggerston, as a Roman Catholic, registered lands in
Togston, let to Edward Cook from year to year, at £85 per annum; on the 7th January, 1757, Sir
Thomas Haggerston registered the same, then let to John Cook under a twenty-one years' lease, at £120;
and on the 29th April, 1778, Sir Carnaby Haggerson registered the same lands, then held by Edward
Cook on lease, at .£175 per annum. Register of Roman Catholic Estates, with the clerk of the peace.
■- Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds. ' Cf. vol. ii. p. 185.
* Henry Lawson, eldest son of Henry Lawson of Heaton, by Anne Hodgson, his wife, succeeded his
father in 1636; he was colonel in the king's army, was killed at Melton IVlowbray, and was buried at
Grantham. By his marriage with Catherine Fenwick he left an only child, Isabella, afterwards wife of
Sir John Swinburne of Capheaton, bart. John Lawson of Hrough, next brother and heir male of Colonel
Henry Lawson, married Catherine Howard, sister of the fiist earl of Carlisle, and was created a baronet
after the Restoration. The Life of Mrs. Dorothy Lawson of .SI. Antony's, edited by G. B. Richardson, and
printed at Newcastle by J. G. Forster, 1855.
^ Com. for Comp. Cases, vol. G, 10, p. 243. " Ibitl. p. 244.
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON. 335
Catherine Lawsoii nianied, secondly, Francis RadclifiV,' afterwards earl
of Derwentwater, who was, in 1663, rated for the fourth part of Togston at
£2>2> ^ year. This estate, comprising about 275 acres, has since devolved to
the same persons and under the same conditions as the Kadcliffe lands in
Amble.
Having traced the descent of the Carnaby moiety and of the Fenwick
quarter of the township, there remains the quarter which, in 1586, was sold by
Ralph Grey to the three freeholders, John Wharrier, Edward Browell, and
John Turner." The names of Matthew Wharrier, Gerard Browell, and
Edward Pattei-son appear in the list of freeholders made in 1628, and, as
already noticed, Matthew Wharrier, Gerard Browell, and John Patterson
were parties to the division of the township in 1633, and the same names are
in the freeholders' list of 1639." There is not sufficient material to construct
a pedigree of the family of Browell, though descendants still reside in the
village of Warkworth. The following wills and administrations are extracted
from the registry at Durham :
1610. Administration of tlie personal estate of John Browell of the parish of Warkworth, granted
for the benefit of Margaret Browell, the daughter of the deceased.
161 1. Will of Lancelot Browell of Hadston, yeoman. My body to be buried within the parish
church of Warkworth. I give to my father, John Browell, one oxe. I give to my son, John Browell,
4 oxen ; to my son, Edward Browell, a foale ; to my son Mark, a foale ; and to my son Robert, another
foale. Proved at Durham, 26th .April, 161 1. Amount of inventory, ^141 4s. 4d.
1615. Probate of the will of Edward Browell of the parish of Warkworth, committed to Gerard
Browell, the son of the testator, and the executor natnecl in the will.
1647, 16th November. Will of Edward Browell of Togsden Moor-house. I give to my base begotten
son, John Browell, two cows and ^4. To my son, Thomas Browell, £17; to iny son, William Browell,
^10; to my daughter, Elizabeth Browell, £17 ; and to my daughter, Jane Browell, .^10. I give to my
brother, John Browell, 20s. as a token. Proved at Durham, 1648.
1647, 17th October. The names and sumes of such as be indebted unto Edward Browell of Togston
More-house as followeth : Imprimis : Robert Lawson of Linton, £iS ; Kathcrinc Foster of Ellington, los.;
Rowland Scypsee of Ellington, £2; William Singlton of Cresswell, i6s. ; Richard Spoure of Drerish,
^i i6s. ; William Clarke of Hauxley, 7s.; William Jackson of the More-house, £2,; John Taylor of
Ambell, £2 los. ; William Alder of the More-house, los. ; Richard Couke of Togston, £i 3s. 4d. ; Robert
Stayt of Acklington, £1; John James of Acklington, ^5; Robert Hall of Hadston, £1 6s.; W'illiam
Browell of Hadston, £1 Ss. ; John Browell of Hadston, £\ i6s. ; Thomas Jackson of Togston More-
house ^17. Total, ^65 23. 4d.
1647, i6th October. Deed of feoffment from Gerard Browell to Matthew Wharrier and Henry
Watson of lands in Togston.'
1661/2, January. Administration of the personal estate of Gerrard Browell of Togston granted to .'Xnn
Browell, the widow.
' Catherine Lawson had remarried Francis Radclitfe before the 17th of Februaiy, 1652/3, when the letter
printed in vol. ii. p. 185, was addressed to her by heryoungest and then unmarried sister, Dorothy Fenwick.
- 1596, 20th January. Will of John Turner of Togston ; my freehold tenement 'where I nowe dwell,'
to my wife, Jane, for life, and then to my daughter, Margaret ; my wife, e.xecutrix, to bring up my children
1 the fear of God, and to bestowe them in honest marriages as God may make her hable. Ex cartis
Coukson of Meldon. ' Arch Ad. 410 series, ii. p. 322. ' Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds.
Vol. V. 43
336
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Before 1658 the largtr part of Browell's lands had bfcn acquired by
William Smith of Amble, who, with Matthew Wharrier and John Patterson
(by a clerical error in the Book of Rates called Featherston), were each
rated in 1663 for lands worth £11 ^ year.
WHARRIER OF TOGSTON.
... Wharrier.
John V\Tiarrier ; 20th July, 1 586, = Jane, sister of Matthew
purchased huids in Togston Forsler of F'leetham ;
from Ralph Grey; died in ' to enjoy the freehold
1612 and buried in U'arknorth at Togston during
church; will dated..., 1612, her widowhood.'
and proved same year.
Robert Wharrier
of Morpeth ;
named in will
of brother
John, 1612.
I
William Wharrier of
Birling ; named
in will of his
brother in 161 2.
I
Nicholas = ..
Wharrier
of
Hadston.
Matthew Wharrier of Togston, yeoman, only =
son and heir ; under age at date of his
father's will ; party to the division of that
township gth Jan., 1632 ; occurs in list of
freeholders in 1628 (i!) and 1639.
I
Barbary ; named m
her father's will
[? married Thomas
Smith of Amble].
William Whar-
rier of Birling;
buried I Sth
Feb., 1683/4
John Wharrier ; named
in will of his uncle
John Wharrier in
1612.
Matthew Wharrier of Togston, for which he was rated in 1663 ; =
was amerced for non-appearance at the manor coiut held at
North Charlton in 16S5 ; joined with his son John in sale of
certain lands to Thomas Smith, iSth May, 1683, and on 26th
May, 1686 ; buried 6th Dec, 1691 (a).
Henry Whariier
of Birling ; bur.
22nd .April,
1690 (ff).
Alice ... ; buried
in woollen, 23rd
Oct., 167S (a).
John Wharrier of Togston ; joined with
his father in the sale of certain lands
in Togston to Thomas Smith, iSlh
May, 1683, and sold the remaining
portion to William Smith, 17th .Aug.,
1710, taking .a, lease for the lives of
himself and wife of his house and garth
at a peppercorn rent ; buried 20th
July, 1718 (a).
I
William, baptised 19th Feb.,
1694/5 (") ; buried 13th
Feb., 1710/1 (a).
Jane
party
deed
to a
dated
26th
1686;
May,
buried
2Sth
.Inly,
1720 (a).
William Wharrier of Bir- = Alice;
bur.
20th
Aug.,
1734
ling ; polled for a house
in VVarkworth, 1748 ;
buried loth June, 1750
(«) ; will dated loth
June, 1748 ; proved at
Durham, iSth June,
1750, by Henry Cram-
lington, the executor.
.Mary ; married 14th
May, 168S, William
Taj'Ior (n).
Isabella; married gth
June, 169(6 ?), Ro-
bert Swan (a).
.'\nn, baptised 29th Sept., 1692 (a) ; married before 1724, Lancelot
Cramlington of Earsdon ; buried at F.arsdon, 14th May, 1762.
Hannah, baptised 1st Feb., 1697/8 (a) ; married Thomas Brunton
of Monklon, co. Durham. ^J/
Jane, baptised 14th March, 17CX3/1 (a)
Margaret, baptised 23rd Jan., 1703/4 (a) ; buried 7th Oct., 1716 (a),
Isabella, Isaptised 7th Oct., 1707 (a) ; buried Nov., 1710 (a).
(a) Wnriwor//! Regisle/-. (/') Arc/i. Ael. 4to series, ii. p. 317.
Evidences to W'hakriek Pedigree.
1587, 20th October. Bond of John Heron of Bokenfield, gent., and William Heron of Eshet, gent., to Edward
B.arde and John Wharrier of Togston in ;f 12 to perform certain covenants.'
1612, 17th September. Will of John Wharier of Togston in the county of Northumberland. My body to be
buried in the parish church of Warkworlh. I will that Jane my wife shall peaceably enjoy my freehold lying and being
in Togston, during her widowhood ; after the death of my said wife, I will that my son, Mathew Wharier, and the heirs
of his bodie lawfully begotten shall have and enjoy the said land ; if my son, Mathew, shall dye without issue, then my
will is that my daughter, Barbarye Wharier, and the heirs of her bodie lawfully begotten shall have and enjoy the s-aid
freehold ; and if my daughter shall leave no issue, then my will is that my brother, William Wharier of Burling, and his
heirs male shall enjoy the said land ; and if he faile, then my will is that John Wharier, son of my brother, Nicholas
Wharier of Iladston, and my godson, and his heirs generally. I give unto Barbarye Wharier, my daughter, /20 ; I
' £x chilis Cookson of Meldon. Rev, John Hodgson's Collection,
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON. 337
give unto Robert Whnricr of Morpcili, my liroilier, a biistiell of wliealc, a hushclle of beens, nrnl a boull of oatc-s.
I make my sonne, Mathew Wliaiier, full executor. I leave Mathew Wharier, my son, during his minoritie, into
Maihew Forsler of Fletliam, my brother-in-law. Proved same year.'
1674 .... I-'eoffment from Matthew and John Wharrier to Edward Cook of Amble of a moiety of their
freehold farmhold at Togston.
16S3, i8th May. Feoffment from Matthew Wharrier and John Wharricr, his son, to Thomas Smith of Togston
of the moiety of their half tenement in Togston.'
1686, 26th May. Feoffment from Matthew Wharrier and John Wharrier, his son, and Jane, wife of the said
John, to Thomas Smith, of the full quarter of a freehold farm iii Togston.'-
1710, 17th .^ugust. Release from John Wharrier and Jane, his wife, to William Smith, of their dwelling house
in Togston in consideration of the sum of £l(>.''
' Durliam Proliale Ret^istry. - Mr. F. M. I.awson-Smith's Deeds.
Wharrier's lands were acquired in parcels by Edward Cook and William
Smith, and were finally absorbed in their estates in 17 10.
At a court held at North Charlton on the 9th of October, 1685, by
Robert Fenwick, the steward for Matthew Jefferson, esq., and Timothy
Robson, esq., who claimed to be lords of the manor of Ditchburn, there
were summoned to appear Sir Thomas Haggerston, bart., who held lands in
Togston in right of his wife, Sir Francis Radcliffc, bart., who held other
lands there in right of his wife ; Patterson, Smith, and Wharrier, who held
other lands in the same place, were also summoned to appear ; none of them
did so. The jury say :
We present and say that John Patterson of Togsden is a freeliolder within this mannor, and hath at
courts holden formerly for the said mannor made his appearance by essoining tlie said courts ; and that
Edward Cook married Patterson's daughter, who had issue to the said Edward Cook, John Cook, who
now enjoys the land as heir to his mother, and ought to have appeared and done his suit of court the
day and year abovesaid, for wliich, his default, we amerce him vj* viij''.
We also present and say that William Smith of Togsden aforesaid was a freeholder within ye said
mannor, and that he hath appeared at courts formerly holden for the said mannor and essoined his
appearance, and that he is since dead, and that Thomas Smith is his son and heir, and was suinmoned
to appear at this court holden the day and year aforesaid, and hath made default, for which we amerce
him vj' viij''. We also find that the said William Smith hath paid to the former lord or lords of this
mannor the free rent of thirteen pence for his lands in Togsden aforesaid.
We also present and say that Matthew Quarter of Togsden is a freeholder within this mannor, and
ought to appear at the court holden for the said mannor, and hath formerly appeared and done suit of
court, and hath made a default at this court, for which we amerce him vj' viij''.
John Patterson left two daughters who were co-heiresses, viz., Alice, wife
of William Smith, and Jane, wife of Edward Cook of Amble New-hall. The
eldest son of the latter, who was named after his maternal grandfather, made
Togston his residence. There is a stone built into a wall of Mr. Brignell
Band's house bearing the inscription, I. ' A. the date being probably
April. 17. 16S4.
that of the marriage of John Cook and Ann Brown.
338
WAKKWORTH PARISH.
This part of Toi^ston remained with the descendants ot that marriage
imlil 1S32, when Mr. Isaac Cookson of Gateshead park, who had married
Jane, only daughter and heiress of Edward Cook, sold the seat of his wife's
ancestors to Mr. James Dand of Hauxley cottage, to whose great-grandson,
Mr. Brignell Dand, it now belongs.
wife.
COOK OF AMBLE NEW-HALL AND TOGSTON.
; first = HinvARli Cook of Hadston, T657 (^), aftenvards of = Jane, datijjhtcr of John Patterson; articles before
Amble Xew-hall ; buried 8th Jan., 1 691/2 (a) ;
will dated 31st Dec, 1691 ; proved 1692 (?).
marriage, 2ist Nov., 1657 (#) ; died at New-
hall ; buried gth June, 1711 (a).
Richard Cook, son
Margaret ; married
.Ann, d.uighter ... and =
1
= John Cook of Togston, ^
.Anne, daughter ol ...
and heir of Ed-
Kdward Adams of
Barbara Brown of
baptised at Wark-
-Martin of Seaton,
ward Cook of
Lona[liou£jhton ;
Monkwearmouth ;
worth, 19th Dec,
CO. Durham ; bond
Amble ; admit-
articles before mar-
bmicd 20th Jan.,
1658 (d~) ; buried
of marriage, 2Sth
ted to Gray's
riage, 23rd Nov.,
1704'$ («■).
30th March, 17 10
Nov., 1707 : mar-
Inn, 14th May,
166.S ; married 26th
(rt) ; will dated I2lh
ried 1st Jan.,
1664.
Nov., 166S (/().
March, 1709/1O (/).
1707/8 (a).
'
Edward Cook of Blakemoor,
baptised i6th Nov., 1662
((/) ; barrister-at-law ; re-
corder of Berwick, 1 71 1 to
his death in 1731 ; mar-
ried Ann, daughter of
George Wilson of Ulgham;
will dated 8th July, 1730.
From whom Cook of Blakemoor.
Samuel Cook of Am-
ble and of Newton-
on-the-.Moor, bap-
tised 13th Nov.,
1664 (</) ; buried
5lh Dec, 1692 («) ;
will 28th Sept.,
1692 (e).
I
William Cook of
Brainshaugh, bap-
tised 23rd Aug.,
1669 (rf).
From whom Cook of
lirainshaugh.
I I
Richard Cook of Warkworth, bap-
tised loth Oct., 1672 (rf) ; oi.
coel. ; biuied in Warkworth
church, 2nd Dec, 1740 (a).
Thomas Cook of Newcastle, mer-
chant, baptised 3rst Jan., 1676
(a?) ; in 1745 purchased lands at
Cresswell [? buried at St. Nich-
olas', 28th Jan., 1748/9] ; will
dated Sept., 1748.
Benjamin Cook of Warkworth and
Newton, baptised 22nd .Aug.,
1680 ((/) ; died unmarried, aged
77, when his estate at Newton
passed to his nephew, Samuel
Cook ; buried 24th Feb., 1757,
in Warkworth church (a).
Jose])h Cook of New-
ton-on-the-Moor,
baptised 25th Sept.,
16S4 (,/).
si/
From whom Cook of
Newton-on-the-Moor.
Barbara, baptised ... , iCifio (</) ; married John
Lawson of I.onghirst ; articles before marriage,
4th Dec, 1679. ^
Sarah, baptised 29th A])ril, 1667 (i/); married ...
Jane, baptised 1677 ((/) ; married at St. Nicholas',
Newcastle, l6th April, 1700, Robert Weems of
Stranton, co. Durham.
I
Edward Cook of ■■
Togslon,
bom 2nd Jan.,
1685/6 W ;
bur. in Wark-
worth church,
loth Dec, 174S
{a) ; will dated
20th July, 1747
Mary, daughter and co-heir-
ess of Italph Brandling
of Moppen ; bond of mar-
riage, 30th June, 1713 ;
married at Baniburgh,
7th July, 1713 ; buried in
Warkworth church, 13th
J"ly. '745 («)•
John Cook of Sturton
Grange Eastfield,
born 20th Dec, 1692
(/') ; baptised 3rd
Jan., 1692/3 (a).
-i-
From whom Cook of
Eastfield.
Chiistopher Cook of Acklington park,
born 1 2th March, 1696/7 (1^) ; bap-
tised 8th A]iril, 1697 (a) ; buried
in Warkworth church, 26th April,
1733 (")• He left three daughters
co-heiresses : Jane, wife of George
Henderson of Newcastle, coo])er ;
Ann, wife of William Hudson of
Newcastle, brazier ; and Barbara ;
all of whom were livmg in 1749.
Richard Cook, born Barbara, born loth Sept. 16S7 (Ji) ; married
15th June, 1702 John Archbold of Cawledge park ; bond
(//); baptised 9lh of marriage, 17th Sept., 1714.
July, 1702 (a) ; Jane, born l8th Sept., 1689 (/<) ; baptised ...
died at Wark- Anne, born i8th Oct., 1694 (/j) ; baptised 1st
worth ; buried Nov., 1694 (a) ; married Edward Wilson
2nd Dec, 1740 of Ulgham ; bond of marriage, 26th May,
(a). 1719 ; married 28th -May, 1719 (a).
I I
Sarah, born 22nd March
1698/9 (Ji) ; baptised
14th April, l6gg (a) ;
died unmarried at Wark-
worth, and was buried
in the church there,
23rd July, 1757 (a).
Mary, born 27th May,
1704 (/i) ; baptised 6th
June, 1704 (a).
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON.
339
John Cook of
Toi2;ston,
baptised
2 3id Oct.,
1720 (rt) ;
died Jth,
buried 8th
Feb., 1763
(«) W;
will dated
I ^ih Dec,
1762 (/).
1
Mary, daughter of .. Sibbit ; married i8th .April, Ralph, baptised
1749 ('''); livins 6th May, 1780 (^), when she nth Oct., 1722
released her dower out of Togstou to her son (n) ; buried
Edward [?dled at Newcastle; buried loth 14th July, 172S
Jau., 1803, aged 79 («)]• (")•
lulwarii L'ooi\ of Warkwnrlii,
baptised 20lhSept., I729((/);
living at Togstou in 17O5 (f)
(])roi)ably he who married
Deborah, daughter of John
Cook of Eastfield).
Dorothy, baptised 25th April,
1 7 14 (a) ; married Qth Sept.,
1736, Christopher Carr of
.\lnwick, merchant (1). His
will is ilated 8lh Feb,, 1 750
.\nu, baptised 2 1st April, 1715
(a) ; buried 6th Feb., 17 16/7
Frances, baptised 13th Dec, 1716
(a) ; married 30th Sept., 1736,
Thomas Smith of Togston («). -i^
Margaret, bap. 2nd Nov., 1718 (a) ;
married 1st Mar., 1756, Thomas
Capstack, clerk in orders (a),
sometime vicar of Mitford and
])erpelual curate of St. Andrew
Auckland, where he died in 1 805.
.Mary, bap. 5th Sept., 1719 (a);
married 15th Nov., I743i
Matthew Sibbit of Acton (a) ;
bond of marriage, 1 2th Nov.,
■ 743-
Ann, baptised 6th Oct., 1724 (a) ;
married 1 2th Feb., 1759, Wil-
liam (Jtley of VVarkworth (a) ;
buried 2Ist March. 1794 (a), s]/
Edward Cook of = Elizabeth, daughter Benjamin Cook of = Dorothj', daiigh-
Togston, born
in Newcastle,
4th Oct., 1753
(/j) ; baptised
3rd May, 1754
(a); buried 5th
Nov., 1786(a);
died intestate.
of John Archbold
of Acton ; articles
before marriage
7thjan., I77S(/);
marriage portion,
^"500 ; married at
Felton, 8th Jan..
1778.
Newcastle, wool-
len dra|3er, bap-
tised 4th March,
1757 (") i living
30th Dec, 1777
(<") ; dead before
June, 1795.
ter of Bannister
Bayles of New-
castle, siugeon ;
mar. at Whick-
ham, 20th Nov.,
1781.
John Cook, born
at Togston ; bap-
tised 7th Sept.,
1759 (S); died
under age at
Newcastle ; bur.
2Sth Mar., 1765
(a) (.).
Kdwaid,
baptised
-•,1754
(a).
Benjamin Cook of Dean Street, Newcastle, died at
Albion Place, 22nd April, 1821, aged 37.
., daughter of ... Tin-
niswood of Boothby,
Cumberland.
I
John Cook, ' some-
time of VVooler,
engineer.'
4/
i I
Margaret.
Eleanor ;
bur. June,
1795-
Isabella, born 13th Jan. ; bap. Sth March (a) 1749/5° (") W <
married Andrew Fogo of Warkworth, surgeon. -4^
Mary, born 24th Dec, 1750 (//) ; bap. 4th Jan , 1750/1
(a) ; married 17th June, 1773, Henry Scott of Newcastle,
hostman.
Dorothy, born 22nd Aug., 1752 (//) ; bap. 12th Oct., 1752
(a) ; living unmarried, 30th Dec, 1777 (f).
MM
Margaret, bap. 13th Oct., 1755 (a); married 4th May,
1781, Edward Wilson of Hepscot (a). -i/
Frances, bap. i5th June, 175S (a).
Ann, born 4th Mar., 1761 (_i) ; bap. 27th May, 1761 (a) ;
buried 23rd Aug., 1787 (a).
Jane, born 13th Sept., 1762 (i) ; bap. gth June, 1763 (a) ;
died at Newcastle ; buried 13th April 1765 (a) (<).
I
Jane, only child and heiress, born 27th Dec, 1783 ; baptised I2th March, 1784 (a) ;
married at Alnwick, 17th Jan., 1 805, Isaac Cookson of Gateshead park.
From whom Cookson of Meldon.
(a) IVarhvoriA Regisler.
(J)) Ex cartis Cook'ion, Rev. John Hodgson's CoUeclmn.
if) ShilbuUle Register.
(rl) Extracts from Warkioorth Registrr (no longer extant)
obtained by the Rev. Jos. Cook in 1797.
(<■) Abstract of title. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
(/) Mr. Brignell Dand's Deeds,
{g") From the original with Mr. S. F. Widdrington.
(/i) Longlwughton Register.
Evidences to Cook Pf.iughee,
1657, November. Articles before marriage between Edward Cook of Hadston, yeoman, and Jane Patterson of
Togston, spinster, by which Edward Cook covenants to convey to William Smith of Togston, yeoman, so much of his
three imessuages or farmholds at the west end of Amble as will ensure to the said Jane a jointure of £(i 8s. per
annum, if and when she shall become a widow. From the original deed with Mr. S. F. Widdrington.
1691, 31st December. Will of Edward Cook of Amble. I commend my soul to God, and will that my body be
buried in the parish church of Warkworth in such decent manner as to my executrix shall seem meet. To my eldest
son, John Cook, my lands in Amble ; to my wife, Jane, the mansion house in wliich I now live, with the garden,
340 WARKWORTH PARISH.
malt-kiln, ami the three closes called Calf-close, East-upsides, and Crum-halvers for her life ; I give her my lands,
coney warren, and fishing at Cresswell, my lands at the south and .u the north sides of Newton-on-thc-.Moor, and my
lands at Brainshaugb for her life or widowhood ; and after her decease or remarriage I give to my son, Edward Cook,
my lands at Cresswell ; to my son, Samuel Cook, my lands on the south side of Newton-on-the-Moor ; to my son,
William Cook, my lands at Brainsliaugh ; to my son, Benjamin Cook, my lands on the north side of Xcwton-on-thc-
Moor, with remainder to my son, Richard Cook, remainder to my son, Thomas Cook, remainder to my son, Joseph ; to
my son, Richard Cook, my burgage house and malt-kilns, Warkworth. The proprietors of my lands in Newton-on-
the-Moor to enjoy for twenty-one years hedgeboot and stakeboot out of my bramble and small underwood in Brains-
haugb. To my sons, Richard, Thomas, and Joseph Cook, ;f300 apiece ; and to my daughter, Jane Cook, ;f 200 when
twenty-one. And as for my daughters that are married and have received their filial portions, I give to each of them
a guinea to buy them rings. Residue of personal estate to my wife, Jane Cook, she executrix. Proved at Durham,
iSth July, 1692. From the original probate with Mr. S. F. VViddrington.
1710, 26th .August. Will of Barbara Brown of Monkwcarmouth Shore. She gives her lands at Stockton to her
grandchildren, Christopher, John, and William Rawlings, and legacies to their sisters, Mary and Eleanor. She also
gives legacies to her eight grandchildren, John, Christopher, and Richard Cook, with their five siiters. The residue
of her estate she gives to her grandson, Edward Cook. Ex carlis Cookson of Meldon.
1762, 13th December. Will of John Cook of Togston, gent. My eldest son and heir, Edward Cook, underage.
To my sons, Benjamin and John Cook, £\,ooo apiece, to be paid them when they shall attain the age of twenty-one ;
to my seven daughters, Isabella, Mary, Doroth}', .Margaret, Frances, Ann, and Jane, ;^500 apiece, to be paid at twenty-
one. E.xecutors, my trusty friends. Rev. Wilfrid Lawson of Warkworth, Edward Wilson of UIgham, and Martin
Taylor of ."^mble. Rev. John Hodgson's Collectiun.
Mr. Edward Cook, after having lived some time with his brother at Togston in Northumberland, went to
America, and took with him a pointer dog, which he lost soon afterwards while shooting in the woods near Baltimore.
Some time after, -Mr. and Mrs. Cook, who continued to reside at Togston, were alarmed at hearing a dog in the
night. They admitted it into the house and found it was the same their brother had taken with him to America.
The dog lived until his master returned home, when they mutually recognised each other. Mr. Cook was never able
to trace by what vessel the dog had left .America, or in what part of England it had been landed. Richardson, Table
Book, viii. p. 206.
As has been already noticed, the family of Smith held lands in Amble
in, and probably before, the reign of Queen Elizabeth. William Smith, who
purchased lands in Togston after 1639 and before 1658, acquired other lands
there through his marriage with one of John Patterson's daughters. His
son made additions to a house already 140 years old, and above what was,
probably, the south outer door caused the following letters and figures to be
S
cut in relief: 16. T. ' F. 85. A sun-dial in the garden bears the initials of
his grandson, 17. T. ' [? B]. 45; the house was enlarged at the end of
the eighteenth century by the erection of a new front. The fine forest
trees which now shelter the house and gardens were probably planted
about the same time. Mr. Thomas George Smith, who died in 1862, devised
all his real estate to his kinsman, Mr. Edward Maule Lawson, who assumed
the additional name of Smith, and is the present owner. The representation
of the family, however, was carried on by Mr. T. G. Smith's cousin-german,
Mr. William Smith of Newcastle and Gosforth.
TOWNSHIP OF TOGSTON.
34'
SMITH OF AMBLE AND TOGSTON.
Roger Smith nf Amhlc ; inventory d;Ucd 24tli July, l6o2 = J;inct [? Robinson].
Robert Smith of Amble ; will d;iteil 3rd Jnly, 161S ;
1618 (/') ; ' to be buried in VVarkworth clunoli.'
proved I4tli Aug., = Alice ... ; an executrix tn
her husbiind's will (/<).
Thomas Smith of .^mble ; will dated loth April,
1635 ; proved i.Sth Nov. of same year ; ' to be
buried at Warkworth ' ; names his brother-in-
law, Matthew Wharrier (/).
Barbara [? sister of Matthew
Wharrier] ; as sole executrix
proved her husband's will,
i8th Nov., 1635 (/).
Jane ;
her
will.
named in
mother's
1635 GO-
Robert Smith ;
named in hi*
father's will
_ I
William Smith of Amble and Tog-
ston, son and heir, to whom his
father gave all his lands in
.^mble (/") ; will dated 3rd June,
proved iilh Nov., 1675.
Alice, daughter and co-heiress
of John Patterson of Tog-
slnn ; proved her husband's
will, nth Nov., 1675 (/) ;
buried 8th Dec, 16S5 (a).
John Smith ; named in
his father's will C/).
Stephen Smith ; named
in his father's will (/).
( na
Eliza- \ their father's
bcth ( will (/).
Thomas Smith of Tog-
ston and of Thirston;
binied 30th June,
1735 («") ; will dated
2gth June, 1734 ;
proved 1735.
Barbara Bilton of
Brenkheugh ;
married 1 6th
J une, 1 6S0
I
William
Smith ;
named
in his
father's
will (/).
I I I
Jane
Alice
Isabella ; married
June, 1691, Ed-
ward Valentine
of Warkworth
(«)•
Barbara ; married Robert Heron
named of East Thirston ; bond of
in marriage 1 6th Dec, 16O7.
their Phillis ; married Thomas Bell
father's of Shortridge ; buried 22nd
will (/). Dec, 1680 (a).
William Smith of ■
Togston, son and
heir; married July,
I7l3(a);died intes-
tate ; said to have
been drowned in
the river Coquet ;
buried 20th Oct.,
1714 {(i) ; adminis-
tration loth May,
1 7 15, granted to
his widow (,e).
I
Elizabeth, daughter and
co-heiress of John Da-
vison of Warkworth
Barns ; she remarried
20th June, 171 7,
Joseph Cook of New-
ton-on-the-Moor («).
I I I I I.
Thomas Smith of James, baptised 22nd March, 1693/4 (a) ; died ir
West Thirston, childhood,
bap. 25th Ma)-, Benjamin, bap. 26th April, 1696 ; buried ... May,
1692 (a). 1697 (a).
■i^ Robert Smith ; living 26th Nov., 1723 (/).
From whom Smith John Smith of West Thirston, baptised 2nd April,
of Thirston. 1700 («) ; buried 23rd June, 1734 (f/); will
dated 28th May, proved l5th July, 1734.
I I
rd
Joseph Smith (/) ; binied
.March, 1726.
Benjamin, baptised 17th Feb.,
1700/1 («) ; buried 15th
Feb., 1737 QiJ) ; will dated
28th May, 1734.
1 I
Hannah ; married ... May,
1707 (a), Matthew Kir-
ton of Hauxley.
Margaret, married igth
June, 1718, John James
of Acklington (a).
I I
Alice, baptised 1st March,
1697/8 (a).
Barbara ; married ... Tomlin ;
named in her brother John's
will (/) ; buried at Felton,
3rd Feb., 1758 (/).
Thomas Smith of Togston, only child, baptised gth Sept., 1714 («) ;
buried in Warkworth church, 29th .A,ug., 1772 (a) ; will dated 5th
April, 1 77 1 ig).
Frances, daughter of John Cook of Togston ; mar-
ried 30th Sept., 1736 (a) ; died at Shortridge,
aged 89, 4th Dec, 1805 (a).
William Smith of Togston, baptised nth M.ay, 1749 (a); a ^ Elizabeth, daughter of George Ditchburn of Preston,
captain in the Percy Tenantry \-oliLnteers and a commissioner
to the duke of Northumberland ; died 23rd March, 1812 («)
(a) ; will dated Sth Dec, 181 1 (^).
near North Shields ; articles before marriage, 2Sth
July, 1778 (..f) ; married at Tynemouth, ... Aug.,
1778 ; died 3rd Feb., 1837 (<r).
I
Thomas George Smith of Togston, baj)-
tised 4th Aug., 1789 (a) ; purchased
Togston Barns in 1812; died unmai'-
ried, 14th Dec, 1862 ; will dated 21st
Feb., i860; proved at Newcastle, ...
.\pril, 1S63,
I I
Elizabeth, baptised 29th June, 1779 (a) ;
died 3rd Nov., 1846(6') ; articles before
marriage, 23rd Oct., 1S16 (j?) ; married
2Sth Nov., 1S16 (a), Di.xon Dixon of
Benton and Unthank.
Frances, baptised 13th Feb., 1781 (a);
buried 22nd Sept., 1855 (e).
I I
.•\nne, baptised 2nd .-Vug., 1784
(a) ; died 27th Nov., 1851 (e).
Isabella Smith of Togston, bap-
tised 8th April, 1794 (a) ; the
last stnvivor of her father's
family ; died l6th May, 1868.
(«) Warkworth Register.
{li) Wills at Durham.
(c) M.I., St. Nicholas, Newcastle.
('/) Felton Register.
M .\I.I., Warkworth.
(/) Documents and Pedigree -vi'Ah Mr. T. W. Snnth of
W'est Thirston.
(.?) Mr. E. M. Eawson-Smitli's Deeds.
342
WARKWOKTM PARISH.
Thomas Smith of
St. Law rence, al-
derman of New-
castle, baptised
I llh March, 1757
(<j) ; mayor of
Newcastle, 1804,
1814 ; died at
Heaton hall, 6lh
March, 1836(c);
buried in St.
Nicholas", New-
castle.
Mary, daughter of Thomas
Pearson of St. Lawrence,
near Newcastle ; married
June, 1781, at All Saints',
Newcastle ; died 1 5th Oct.,
1S36. aged 75 (c) ; buried
in St. Nicholas', Newcastle.
Mary, baptised 2gih Dec, 1737
(a); married 15th Oct., 1764,
John Walker of Newcastle (rt).
Elizabeth, baptised 2gth Nov.,
1739 (rt) ; died at Shortridge,
unmarried, 19th May, 1S22 ;
administration 7th Oct., 1S37,
granted to her brother
Thomas (^g).
Jane, baptised 17th Sept.,
1 741 (rt) ; married 30th
Nov., 1773 (rt), William
Lawson of Overacres.
From whom descends E.
M. Lawson-Smith, now
(1899) of Togston.
Frances, baptised 29th Dec, 1743 (a) ; mar-
ried gth June, 1766, Edward Wilson of
Hepscott (a). His will, dated 17th Dec,
1785, was proved 17S6 (^). ^1-
Dorothy, baptised l8th Aug., 1745 (<i) ; married
30th .May, 1769, Thomas Bell of Shoitridge
Thomas Smith of Newcastle ■
and of Gosforth house, born
at St. Lawrence. 27th Nov.,
1783 ; sheriff of Newcastle,
1814 ; purchased the Gos-
forth house est.ite in 1852,
and died there sgih .■\pril,
1856 ; buried at Gosforth ;
will dated 2nd Sept., 1854 ;
proved 1856.
Margaret CoUingwood,
daughter of Percival
Fcnw ick of Earsdon ;
married at Earsdon,
30th Jan., 1849 ; as
a widow resided at
Aycliffe, co. Durham,
and died there, 2gth
April, 1893, aged 82.
Margaret, baptised 23rd July, 1747 («) ; married
26th Dec, 1775 (ff), Ralph Fenwick of Ulgham
and Shortridge. His will, dated 2nd Nov., 1826,
was proved 1830 (?).
Anne, baptised 15th Oct., 1 75 1 (a) ; married 3rd
July, 1775, Richard Brown of Wallsend (a).
Sarah, named in her father's will ; will d;ited 3rd
Dec, 1830; proved 4th March, 1834 (a); died
tmmarried.
I
... Smith ;
marrieil
... , Major
Bastard.
Willium Smith of New-
castle, afterwards of
Gosforth house, born
at St. Lawrence, 1 5lh
July, 1787 ; died 13th
Oct., i860 ; buried at
Gosforth ; will dated
13th June, 1857 ;
proved 1S60.
= Margaret, daughter
of J ohn Werge. cap-
taini 7th Light Dra-
goons and major
38th Regiment ;
born l8ih Oct.,
1 805 ; married J une,
1826, at St. An-
drew's, Newcastle ;
bur. at San Remo.
Thomas Eustace Smith, sometime of Gosforth house, only son, = Martha Mary, daughter of W. H. C. Dalrymple, captain
born at Newcastle, 3rd June, 1831 ; M.P. for Tynemouth,
1865-85.
William = Rose,
H
Smith,
born 1 1 th
Sept.,
1856.
dan. of
William
Tanner.
Eustace Smith
of Newcastle
and of Ben-
ton house,
born 31st
May, 1861.
n1/
E.I.C.S. ; married at Holy Trinity chapel, Haddington,
1st March, 1855.
Launcelot Margaret Mary ; married firstly, loth Jan., 1877. .Vshlon Went-
Euslace worth Dilke, second son of Sir Charles W. I)ilkc, bart., and
and secondly, igth Sept., l8gi, William Russell Cooke.
Clarence Helen Mary ; married loth Jan., 1877, R. H. C. Harrison of
Dalrymple, London.
tw ins, born Olive Mary ; mar. nth March, 1878, Thomas W. Barron, M.D.
l6th May, Virginia .\Iary ; married 27th July, 1881, Donald Crawford.
1868. Id.a'Mary ; married 2nd Oct., 1SS4. Robert C. Priestley.
Rosalind Mary; married 3rd Jan., i8g4, Ernest J. Enlhoven.
Evidences to Smith Pedigree.
1618 3rd July. Will of Robert Smith of Ambell in the parish of Warkworth, yeoman. To be buried in the
parish church of Warkworth. To my wife, Alice Smith, one dun mare, etc. ; to my son, Thomas Smith, six o.xen,
etc.- to Jane Smith, my daughter, ten sheepe, etc. ; to Robert Smith, my son, two stotts, etc ; to Henry Bilton, two
hoggs ; and to .Margaret Bilton, his mother, two hoggs. E.\ecutors, my wife, Alice Smith, and my sone, Thomas
Smith. Inventory, /63 1 2s. Proved 1618. Durham Probate Registry .
1658, 1st June. r>eed of feoffment from John Errington of Newcastle, butcher, and Jane, his wife, to John
Patterson and William Smith, both of Togston. ' Errington in consideration of £zQ conveys to Patterson and Smith
certain ridges of land, stents and beast gates in Togston, viz., three ridges of land containing 2 acres at Togston Moor-
houses and one stent or beast gate at the same place; eight ridges of meadow land containing 4 acres within
Carnaby's lands, and two stents or beast gates in the same lands ; three ridges of land and one close lying in a certain
place at Togston called the freehold, containing 2 acres, with one beast gate there. Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith "s Deeds.
1686, nth November. Thomas Smith of Togston, gent., binds himself in £l<x> to John Cook of Togston
to stand the award, etc. , of Robert Davison of Warkworth Barnes, gent., Edward Kirton of Hauxley, gent., William
Reed of Amble, gent., and William Milburn of Birling, yeoman, commissioners chosen by the said parties to award an
equal division of all those their three freehold farms in Togston. Ex cortis Cookson of Meldon. The award was
made on the same day. -Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds.
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK. 343
1771, 5ih April. Will of Thomas Smiih of Togston. To my wife, Frances Smith of Togslon, /;o per annum ;
to my youngest son, Thomas Smith, /i.ooo; to my daughters, Elizabeth, Jane, Margaret, Ann, and Sarah Smith,
;^40o apiece ; to my daughters, Mary Walker, Frances Wilson, and Dorothy Bell, ;f 100 apiete. My freehold lands,
my leasehold lands at Warkworth Barns and East Chevington held under the duke and duchess of Northumberland
and Sir Henry Grey, bart., to my eldest son, William Smith. Samuel Cook of Newton, esq., and John Archbold of
Acton, gent., to be guardians of my children, they with my wife to be executors. Mr. E. M. Lawson-Smith's Deeds.
i8li, 8th December. Will of William Smith of Togston, esq. By my marriage settlement with my wife,
Elizabeth Smith, I gave her an annuity of .,^'100. Now I do make the annuity unto /soo. I give, devise, and
bequeath all my messuages, lands, and tenements unto my only son, Thomas George Smith, and his heirs. I also
give to my said son my old family tankard, the silver cup given to me by his grace the duke of Northumberland, and
a silver cup given me by Ralph Carr, late of Dunston,-in the county of Durham, deceased, the clock which was given
by my father's will, and also all my brewing utensils. To my four daughters, Elizabeth, Frances, Ann, and Isabella
Smith, ;^2,ooo each, and a further sum of jf50 each. Re.'idue to my son, Thomas George Smith. I appoint my
wife, Elizabeth Smith, and my friends, Ralph Fenwick of Shortridge, esq., and John Clutterbuck of Warkworth,
esq., executors. Proved 1812, Durham Probate Registry.
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK.
Morwick,' with a frontage extending for over two miles and a half along
the Coquet, there winding among wooded banks (on which is situated its
picturesque manorial water mill), forms one of the most varied and beautiful
estates in Lower Coquetdale. The township, which comprises an area of
764 acres, had in 1891 a population of 66." The ancient hamlet is repre-
sented by a few old cottages on the northern side of the township ; a new
homestead has recently been erected three-quarters of a mile to the south.
The site of the ancient manor house is believed to be within a high-ridged
pasture field lying to the north-east of the hamlet. The present house was
built during the first half of last century after the estate was acquired by
John Grey of Howick, during whose prolonged life the trees he had planted
to beautifv the rounds he had himself laid out became almost forest trees in
■J O
their proportions. The house is of two stories, and has a long front of red
brick with stone facings ; the gardens contain a more than ordinarily large
acacia and a fine tulip tree. Until recently there was also an alley of yew
trees. At the end of the walk which they shaded is a private burial vault. On
one side of the walk is an ancient stone coffin/ and on the other its cover,
upon which is cut a cross, of whose history nothing authentic is known.
' There is a township of the same name in the parish of Barwick in Elmete, in the West Riding of
Yorkshire, which, singularly enough, belonged to the Bulniers, a family of the same name as that of one
of the co-heirs of the ancient lords of iMorwick. Cj. Surtees, Durham, i. p. 79.
■ The Census Returns are : 1801,59; iS'ii75; 1821,72; 1831,64; 1841,79; 1851,70; 1861,71;
1871, 83; 1881, 92; 1891, 66.
' The coffin is 6 feet 3 inches in length by 2 feet i inch in width at the head, and 18 inches at the foot.
The cover is 6 feet 3 inches in length by 2 feet in width at the head, and 18 inches at the foot.
Vol. V. 44
344
WAKKWORTH TARISH.
Near Morwick mill two ancient fords cross the Coquet, the lower one,
known as ]"*aniH'rs' tore!,' beinc; now disused. Between them a cliil", guttered
from top to bottom with water runnels and having numerous crevices
clothed with ferns, overhangs the river. On its face, at a height of from
:.m0i^»m^;yhi'
■•» ■• '"i -J. '^ ■■'• r^:- iK- -
fi^'^^'mMi^^^
^ >
Incised Rocks at Mokwick.
lo feet to 20 feet above the level of the river, is a series of incised figures,
somewhat similar in character to those found at Old Bewick, Doddington,
and other parts of the county, but diflfering from them in position and
' The designation of Paupers' ford may possibly be a comiption of Palfrey, the name of a family
which, during the sevcnteenlh century, possessed a small freehold in the township.
roWNSHlP OF MOKWKK. 345
detail. Some of the iit;iires are of the usual concentric form, but without
the radial groove ; others are of a spiral form, two of the latter being
connected bv a line carried from the one to the other. The outer circle of
another figure, which is about a foot in diameter, is composed of a number
of dots or pits placed about two inches from each other.'
In the time of Henry I. the lordship of Morwick was granted by William
de Merlay, lord of Morpeth, one of the Conqueror's army, and a retainer, it
is said, of GeoftVev, bishop of Coutance, to the monks of Durham. This
grant was attested bv his son Ralph de Merlay, who, after his father's death in
1 129, went to Durham, and at the tomb of St. Cuthbert confirmed the gift.'
It is not known under what circumstances Morwick was alienated by the
monks and acquired by the Vescis, lords of Alnwick, but before the year
1 135 a certain Ernulph, baron of West Chevington, had obtained it with the
manor of East Chevington by the grant of William de Vesci ;•' this grant was
confirmed bv Henry I.' Thenceforth Ernulph was described, as were his
issue, as of Morwick. He was living in the reign of Henry II., to whom,
about the year 1166, in reply to an enquiry from the king, he returned the
following reply: 'To the king of England, his lord, Ernulph de Morwic,
his liegeman, greeting. Know ye, my lord, that I hold from you one knight's
fee in Northumberland, of which a certain David holds the half from me,
by the old feoffment, that is to say, from the time of King Henry, your
grandfather.''
In 1 1 72 he took a discharge from the Treasury, into which he had paid
20s. for scutage ;'' he was dead before 11 77, when the sheriff rendered an
' These figures, which were discovered by Mr. M. H. Dand about 1876, are described and figured in
the Hist. Bcr. Nut. Club, viii. p. 213, etc. ; x. p. 343.
■ This charter is printed in Hodgson, NortJntmbcrland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 469, and the coniirniation of
Roger de Merlay (son of Ralph), ibid. pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 142.
' 'Carta Willelmi de Vesci facta Ernaldo de M. de terris in Magna Chivintona, etc. Testibus, Thoma
de Muscampis, Rogero de Merlay, Willelmo Tisone, et Germano filio suo, etc. Scriptum apud AInewyke.'
Dodswurth MS. vol. x.\.
''H. Rex Angl. et Dux Normann., etc., omnibus, etc., salutem. Sciatis me concessisse et confir-
masse Ernaldo de Morwyco et her. suis in feodo et hereditate totam terrani de Morwico et dim. le Grand
Chivintonam, etc., et totam terram et tenementum quod de Willelmo de Vescy tenet, etc. Tenend. de
Willelmo de Vescy et de her. suis sicut cartae suae eis testantur. Quare volo, etc. Testibus, Willelmo
filio Hamonis, Jocelino de Baillolio. Apud Castrum Leri.' Ibid.
^ 'Regi .^nglorum domino suo Ernulfus de Morewic suus fidelis salutem. Sciatis domine me tenere
de vobis feodum j militis in Norhumberlande cujus medietatem tenet ([uidam nomine I3avid. de me
et de veteri feffamento scilicet de tempore H. regis avi vestri.' Libcr Kigcr Siiucuyii dc NurthiimbcrUiud,
circii 1 166. Hodgson, Northuiiiberhind, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 302.
"Pipe Rolls, 18 Hen. II. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 20. Cf. Pipe Rolls 7, 11, and
14 Hen. II. ibid. pp. 5, 8, 12.
346
WARKU'OR III PARISH.
account of lOOs. received from Hut^h dc Morwick.' Eniiilph or Ernald de
Morwick was succeeded bv his son Hugh I.,- who married Adclina or Alina,
sister of Robert Bertram, who for her dowrv had lands in Pendmoor and
Pegsworth.' Hugh de Morwick rendered an account into the Treasury
for Cumberland for the half-vear ending at Michaelmas 1186/ but at
Michaelmas 1187* the account was rendered for him by his brother
Nicholas de Morwick. He probably died in 1187, for at Michaelmas 1188
Nicholas de Morwick rendered the account to the king." His wife, who for
her jointure had Preston, in the countv of Durham" (which Hugh de
Morwick had by grant from Germanus the prior (1163-1186) and the convent
of Durham'*), married for her second husband, William de Vesci, who for
licence to marry her gave £20 to the king." In iigi the wardship of
Hugh de Morwick H. was purchased by his uncle, Nicholas de Morwick,
for ^133 6s. 8d.'" Hugh de Morwick H. had livery of his estates before
1200, in which year he paid £b 13s. 4d. for a licence to make a boundary
ditch;" in the following year he took a discharge for 40s. which he had
paid into the Treasury for scutage.'"
Richard de Morwick, a younger son of Hugh de Morwick I., of whom
nothing further is known, became prior of Watton, in the East Riding of
Yorkshire." Hugh de Morwick H., who in 1221 held the castle of Byham
in Lincolnshire,'^ bv his marriage with Sibilla, daughter of Richard de
Hen. II. Hodgson, A'o)'//"i;H^(7'/<i)ii/, pt. iii.
' Pipe Rolls, 23
vol. iii. p. 27. ,
' In 11S4 he was a witness to Robert de Umframvill's lease
of Kidland to Xewminster. Neirmiiisti-r Cliartiitury, p. 74.
' This document is printed in Hodgson, NorthumlxrUind, pt.
li. vol. ii. p. 171.
' Cf. List of Sheriffs, p. 26. Pipe Rolls, 31 and 32 Hen. II.
Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. Bain, i. p. 26. ' Ibiii. p. 27. " Ihui.
' Settlement by Hugh de Morwic on Alina, his wife, of the
vill of Preston in dower, to be held by the service the vill owes
to the monks of Durham. Durliam Treasury,
I'"" 5'"" Spec. No. 4. ^ SiGiLi.VM Ern.\i,i>i
DE More. . . . Seal round, 2 inches; kniglu
sword, shield kite-shaped, level with the top > ■
his head, in chain mail ; large housing, wit!
double fringe. Secretum rounded oval 'i im 1
by j inch. Fine antique gem; bust of Diana.
Witnesses: Odenel de Humf', Ernulfus de Morwic, Johannes filius Odardi, Walterus
Bataille. Ricardus Maltalant, Nicholas de .Morwic, Rodbertus, Ricardus de Morwic,
Gillebertus de Morewic, Hugo de Butlesdun, Willelmus MaFt (Malet .'), Bern, clericus.
'Durham Treasury, i'"" 5"" Spec. No. i. Cf. Surtees, Durliain, ii. pji. 103-4.
" Pipe Rolls, 10 Rich. I. Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. Bain, i. p. 41.
'"Pipe Rolls, 2 Ricli. I. Hodgson, NorthumbcrUimi, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 51. CJ. Pipe Rolls, 6 Rich. I.
ibid. p. 54. " l^leas of the Forest, Pipe Rolls, 2 John. '" Pipe Rolls, 3 John.
" 'Caria Hugonis filii Hugonis de M. Test. Ricardo de Morwic priore de Watton,' etc. Dodsworth
MS. vol. XX. " Pipe Rolls, 5 Hen. III.
P
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK. 347
Umfnuiivill, obtainccl In- the marriage settU-iiicnt a carucate of land in
Elsdon.' He died about the vcar 1237,-' when the wardship and marriage
of his heir Hugh de Morwick HI. was granted to Hugh de PateshuU,' who
subsequently petitioned the king, setting out as a grievance that the custody
of his ward's lands at ' Fernton ' in Lancashire had been, at the request of
Johanna, queen of Scotland, granted to Hugh de (iurlegh.'
Besides the barony of West Chevington"' and lands in East Chevington,
Hugh de Morwick HI." held a toft in the baronv of Warkworth,' Ashington,
and a moiety of Longhirst." He was summoned to the parliament called
bv Henrv HI. on the 17th of January, 1257/8, to assist in suppressing the
rebellion against the king in Scotland." He confirmed to the abbot and
convent of Newminster lands at Hudspeth in Kedesdale, granted to them
bv his mother,'" and, with his father and mother, he was commemorated
amongst the benefactors of that house." Dying about the year 1268,'- he
left four daughters and co-heiresses : Sibilla, wife of Sir Roger de Lumley ;"
Theophania, wife of Sir John de Buhner ; Beatrice, wife of Sir John de
' 'Ego Ricardus de Unifravil! dedi H. de M. cum Sibilla filia mea uxore dicti H. in liberum maritagium
I carucatam terrae in Ellisden, etc. Testibus, Rogero Bertram, Hugone de liolljcc, Johanna filio Roberti,
Rogero de Merlaco, Johanne Vicecomile,' etc. Dodsworth MS. vol. xx.
- 'a.D. 1237. Convencio inter H. de M. at Sibillam uxorem suam ex una parte et fratres hospitalis B.
Mariae de Novo Castro, etc. Tastibus, Domino Gilberto de Humframville, Roberto de H.' etc. Ibid.
' Pipe Rolls, 21 Hen. III. Cnl. Doc. Rel. Scot. Bain, i. p. 237.
' 1237, 22nd November. Grant by the king at the instance of Johanna, queen of .Scotland, to her
valet, Hugh da Gurlegh, of the wardship of all the lands of Hugh de Morwic, held of Henry de Balhol m
the county of Lancaster till the majority of his heir. Close Rolls, 22 Han. III. m. 23.
1237/38, loth January. The king having granted to Hugh da Gurlegh, the wardship of Hugh da
Morwick's land in Fernton, Lancashire, the sheriff of Northumberland is ordered, if the widow of
Hugh de Morwick has dower in Fernton, to assign to Hugh Gurlegh lands in his county to the value of
such dower. Ibid. m. 20.
1238, 25th .April. Order to the sheriff of Lancaster to give reasonable dower to Sibilla, widow of
Hugh de Morewic, in her liusband's lands in the viU of Fernton, notwithstanding that Hugh Gurlegh has
the ward of the lands till the heir is of age. Ibid. m. 16.
1238, 2nd November. Order to the barons of the Exchequer to allow Hugh de PateshuU in the fine
which he made with the king for ward of the land and heir of Hugh de Morewick, 14 marks which fell
short to the said Hugh on account of the king's giant to Hugh de Gurlay, valet of the late Johanna,
queen of Scots, of a certain part of Hugh de Morwick's land. Liberate Rolls, 23 Hen. III. m. 27. Cal.
Doc. Rel. Scot. Bain, i. pp. 251, 254, 259, 266.
* Testa de Nevill. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 206.
" 'Omnibus, etc. Hugo de M. tercius, salutem. Sciatis me dedisse Hugoni de Frontisham quandam
culluram in territorio da Farliston, etc. Hab. sibi a festo S. Martini anno regni Regis H. filii Regis J. 33
usque in fincm 6 annorum,' etc. Dodsworth MS. vol. xx.
' Testa de Nevill, 3S2. CJ. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 214. " Ibid. Ibid. p. 217.
'■' Report concerning the Dignity of a Peer, iii. p. 15. " Neivminster Chartulary, p. S4. " /6/<f. p. 301.
'■ Ini]. p.m. Hugh Morwyke, 53 Hen. III. No. 18. Writ, dated Westminster, 2nd March, 1268/9.
" '1273. Apud Morton Uaudre in Episcopatu Dunelm ita convcnit inter dominum Rogerum de Lumley
et Sibillam uxorem ejus ex una parte et dominum Johannem de Roseles ct Beatricem uxorem ejus in
altera, etc. Testibus, domino Roberto Bertram, domino Johanne de Wydrinton,' etc. Dodsworth MS.
vol. XX.
34^ TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK.
Roseles;' and Margerv, wlio became a nun in the priorv of the Holv 'Irinitv
de Bosco.- At the deatli of ilicir father in 126S, Sibilhi de Morwick was
twentv-oiie vears of age, and was then the wife of Sir Roger de laiinlev;
^ Theophania, the wife of John de Bulmer, was aged fifteen on the 13th of
January, 1268/9 > Beatrice, wife of John dc Rosclcs, was eleven vears of age
at Easter, 1269.
By an agreement made at Morton Daudre in 1277 between Sir Roger
de Lumley and his wife Sibilla, and Sir John de Roseles and his wife Beatricia,
all the parties agree to appear personally or bv their attorney before the
justices of the King's Bench at Michaelmas or fifteen days afterwards, and
that John and Beatrice should there acknowledge that all the lands named
in deeds of feoffment which Roger and Sibilla had from John and Beatrice
should be the right of Roger and Sibilla to hold to them and the heirs of
their bodies begotten and to be begotten. For this concession Roger and
Sibilla should convey to Beatrice and the heirs of her body to be begotten
all the aforesaid land, she rendering yearlv id. at Christmas. If Beatrice
should die without issue, then the land of Herliston was to remain to John
for his life, rendering id. yearly. If so be that the fine before the justices
could not be levied on account of the absence of Roger and Sibilla or their
attorneys, then Roger and Sibilla were to render to Beatrice 40 marks per
annum, together with four score marks according to the form of feoffment
of the aforesaid lands, and if the fine could not be levied in consequence of
the absence of John and Beatrice or their attornevs, then John and Beatrice
grant that the payment of 40 marks and 80 marks should cease.^
' ' .-Xnno graci.ie 1276 Convencio apiid Novum Castium inter dominum Rogerum de Lumley mil. et
dominam .Sibillam uxorem ejus et dominum Johanncm de Bulmer et Theoplianiam uxorem ejus et
dominum Johannem de Roseles et Heatricem uxorem ejus de partiendo feoda sibi contingentia de
litredilate domini Hugonis de Morwike,' etc. Dodsworlh MS. vol. xx.
- 'Concordia inter dominum Rojjerum de Lumley mil. et dominam Sibillam ux. ejusdem ex una parte
et Margeriam de .\Iorwyc sororem praediclae .Sibillae monialem et .Agnetam priorissam S. Trinitatis de
Bosco ex altera. Quod cum Margeria soror praedictae .Sibillae vendicavit sibi jus in hereditale patris et
matris, contra praed. Rogerum et .Sibillam in curia domini regis H. filii regis Johannis tunc regnantis
inter praedictos lis sub forma pacis taliter conquievit : scilicet, quod praedicta Margeria totum jus suum in
praedicta hereditate praedicto Rogero et Sibillae uxori suae totaliter quietum clamavit, etc., et pro ista q. c.
praedictus Rogerus et uxor sua praedictae Margeriae priorissae et monialibus dederunt redd, unius marci
argenti in villa de Brinton ct 10 marcos argenti prae maiiibus, etc. Factum est bacc conventio anno
domini 1273.' Ihiti.
^ ' .Anno graciae Domini .M.CC.I.XXVU apud Morton Daudre in Episcopatu Dunelm die lunae prox.
ante Ascessioncm Domini ita convenit inter Dominum Rogerum de Lumley et Sibillam uxorem ejus
ex una pane et Dominum joliannam de Roseles et Beatriciam u.xorcm ejus ex altera, \iz., quod praed.
Rogerus et Sibilla uxor ejus concesseiunt et fideliter promiserunt quod personaliter vel per atornatos
suos venient coram Justiciariis Dni Regis de Banco a die .Sci Michaelis in xv dies anno praedicto,
coram quibus Justiciariis Johannes de Roseles et Beatricia uxor ejus personaliter' vel per atom, suos
\-enient coram Justic. praed. in Banco, et ibidem recongnoscent omnes terras nominatas cum pertinenciis
in cartis de feofamento quas praed. Rogerus et Sibilla uxor ejus habent de dono praed. Johannis et
WARKWOKTU PARISH. 349
At the Xorthumlx-rlaiul assi/.es of \2j(-j, .lolm de Noreys, a servant
(garcio) of John de Roseles, was charged with so woimding Hugh the miller
that he died in consequence. John having fled, the vill of Morwick was
amerced for not securing him.' Five years after, in Michaelmas term, 1284,
an action was brought by Lawrence de St. Maur^ and his wife Sibilla (widow
of Sir Roger de Lumlev), John de Bulmer and his wife Theophania, and
John de Roseles and his wife Beatrice, against Robert de Bamburgh to
oblige him to make suit at their mill at Morwick.^ No one of the heiresses
was residing at Morwick in 1296.
MoRwiKE Subsidy Roll, 1296.
f s d. s. <i.
Sunim.i bononun W.'uiny filii Willclmi ... ... o 13 3 uiidc ret;i i 2i
„ Gilberti filii Arnaldi... ... ...114 „ 1 11 j
„ Willelmi Dodfole 0156 „ 15
,, Walteri filii Havvisiae ... ... o 13 10 „ 13
Sunima luijvis villae, £^ 3s. 1 ul. I'lic'c doiiiinn rcgi, 5s. 9jd.
Beatriciae uxoris ejus esse jus praed. Rogeri et Sibillae. Hab at ten. piaed. Rngcro et Sibillae uxori
ejus et hered. suis de se piocreatis et procieandis de capitalibus dominis feodarum pro serviciis
omnibus de eisdem tenis debitis et cons. Et pro hac autem recongnicione, donac, fine et concordia
praed. Rogerus ct Sibilla ux. ejus concedent praed. Beatriciae ad pracf. terminum omnes praed. terras,
hab. et ten. praed. Beatriciae et hered. suis de corpore suo procreandis legitime de praed. Rogero et
Sibilla uxore sua et hered. suis praed. Reddendo inde annuatim praed. Rogero et Sibillae ux. ejus et
hered. suis praef. unum denarium ad fest. Natalis Dni pro omn. servicio. Et si praed. Beatricia sine herede
dc se obierit, vivente praed. Johanne, ex tunc terra de Herliston cum pert, remanebit praed. Johanni in
tola vita ipsius Johannis, hab. et ten, de praed. Rogero et Sibilla ux. ejus et hered. suis praed. Redd, inde
praed. Rogero et Sibillae ux. ejus et her suis praed. annuat. luium denarium ad fest. Nat. Dni. Et praed.
Rogerus et Sibilla ux. ejus et hered. sui praedicti praed. terrain de Herliston praed. Jobanni in tota vita
sua warantizabunt et defendent. Et si finis coram Justic. praed. ad terminum praed. levari non poterit
propter absenciam praed. Rogeri ct Sibillae vel atornatorum suorum, ex tunc praed. Rogerus et Sibilla ux.
ejus et heredes sui praed. reddent praed. Beatriciae et heredibus suis praed. annuatim xl niarcas argenti
una cum quater viginti marcis argenti in quibus praed. Rogerus et Sibilla ux. ejus praed. Beatriciae et
hered. suis praed. secundum formam fcofamenti sui de terris praed. Et si finis non levctur .ad praef.
terminum propter absenciam praed. Johannis et Beatriciae vel atom, suorum sue alterius atornati, ex tunc
conccdunt praed. Johannes et Beatricia pro se et hered. ipsius ISeatriciae pr.'icd., quod solucio praed.
xl marcarum, una cum solucione quater viginti marcarum annuat. solvendarum, penitus cesset nee
deinde aliquid reddetur pro terris praed. praed. Beatriciae nee hered. suis praed. Ad istam autem
convencionem fideliter faciendam et observ. et finem levandum prout curia Dni. Regis pati poterit praed.
Rogerus et Sibilla parti hujus scripti cyrograff. penes praed. Johannem et Beatriciam remanente sigilla
sua apposuerunt.' (Same provision in respect of John and Beatrice.)
Deed in the possession of the Rev. William Greenwell. The names of the witnesses are : Sir Robert
Bertram, Sir John de Wydirrintona, Sir Gerard de Wydirrintona, Sir Phel' de Kayrcnic, knights, John dc
Lithegranis, then sheriff of Northumberland, Radul'ph de Eslinton, Richard de Duddcn, Roger de
Wydirrintona, Robert de Bamburke. Roseles' seal, round, f inch in diameter. Lion rampant, not on
a shield. 4» S. Johis de Roselis. His wife's seal is gone.
It will be observed that this interesting deed is dated prior to the statute Dc donis conditionalibus
(1285) and prior to the statute of Quia cmpiurcs (1290), consequently Roger and Sibilla had not an estate
tail, but a conditional fee simple, and having issue born, coulcl alienate and they could also subinfcudate
so that the land should be held from them and not directly from the chief lords of the fee.
' Northumberland Assize Rolls, 7 Edw. I. Page, pp. 348, 384. Surtces Soc. No. 88.
■ For some notice of Laurence de St. Maur and his family, who held lands at Ncwton-by-the-sea, sec
vol. ii. p. 84-88. ' Dc Banco Rolls, 12 and 13 Edw. I.
350
WAKKWORTH TARISH.
MORWICK OF MORWICK.
Arms; Gu/rs, a sallin vaiiy, argent a/ui sahlf, Papworlh, Orr/Zimn, also
Tomb at Cliesier-le-Streel ; Suilees, Durham, ii. ]). 140.
IlKNTl.lH or Ek.nai.I) 1)E MokwilK, baron of West Chevington (a); was —
living in 1172 (f), and was dead before I177 (</)•
1 1 ufjh de Morivick I .,
haroii of West
Chevington ; was
living in 1 186, but
was , apparently
dead in I1S7, when
his brother Nicho-
las rendered his
account to the
Treasury.
Adelina, daughter of
Richard Bertram,
who had for her
dower lands in
Pegsworth, Pend-
more, and at Ash-
inglon (J) ; she
remarried in 1198,
William de Vesci
(»).
I
Nicholas de
Morvvick ;
in 1191
pui'chased
the ward-
ship of his
nephew,
Hugh de
Morwick
II. (/).
Witnesses
to the
Preston
charter.
Hugh de Monvick II., baron of West Chevington;
was of full age on or before 1200 (^) ; he granted a
licence to the abbot and convent of Newminster to
build a dam over the Coquet.
Sibilla, daughter of Richard de Um-
framvill ; when a widow, about the
year 1242, she ga\e Hudspeth, in
Redesdale, to Newminster (/).
Richard de Morwick,
prior of Watton (a).
I
Sir Hugh de Morwick III.,
knight, baron of West
Chevington. Ay. p.m.
26lh April, 1269.
Richard "de .Xketon, vel de Mor-
wick.' who gave lands in .Acton
to the prior and convent of
Brinkburn {K). -^
Theophania de Monvick ; married Richard de
Lindesseye, and from him had for her dower
the manor of Caldecote, in Huntmgdonshire.
She was dead before 1263 (o).
Sir Roger de Liimley, knight ; was ^= Sibilla, daughter and co-heiress ; died 26th === Lawrence de St. Maur (second
living in 1277 ; died before i""ept.,
12S4, and was buried at the
Friars, Newcastle («).
July, 129S (;). and was buried at the Friars,
in .Newcastle (a) ; w ill dated and proved,
1298. /ill/, p.m. 8th Sept.. 129S.
husband) ; married before
Sept., 1284; died in 1295 (7).
Sir Robert de Lumle)*, son and Roger
heir (a) ; was 26 years of age (/).
at his mother's death (;). 4,
I
Nicholas de St. .Mauj (y); married firstly.
Eva. daughter and heiress of John
de Meysey (y), and secondl)', Helen,
daughter of .Alan la Zouche (a), si/
Sibilla. \ Mentioned
.Margery, y in their
Joanna.
Mary.
mother's
will.
Theophania, daugh- = Sir John de Bulmer (a) 'miles
ter and co-heiress ;
was living in 1300
strenuus'; died 17th F'eb.,
1298/9; buried before the
altar of St. John Baptist in
Guisbrough priory (/).
Beatricia, daughter ■
and co-heiress ;
was living in
1276(a). ^
■ Sir John de Roseles ;
was living^ in I 276
(a).
I
Margery, daughter and
co-heiress ; in 1273
a nun at the priory
of Bosco (a).
Sir Ralph Bulmer (»<).
Eva ; married Henry fitz Hugh of Ravenswath (;•).
(a) .Morwick Charters ; Dodsuorlh MS. vol. .xx.
(ii) Brinkburn ChartuUiry. pp. 33, 35.
(<r) Pipe Rolls, 18 Hen. II.
(<) Ihid. 23 Henry II.
{e) Merlav Charters ; Hodgson, Northumberland,
pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 169, 171.
(/) Pipe Rolls, 2 Ric. I.
(J) /hid. 2 John.
(^) Calendariutn Genealogicum, p. 584.
(/■) IHd. p. 552.
(/) Ihid. p. 5^2.
{k) Newminster Chartulary, p S3.
(/) Collins, Peerage (ed. 1779), iv. p. I17.
(in) Cf. Banks, Baronage, i. p. 141.
(m) Pipe Rolls, 10 Ric. I. rot. 10 ; Cat. Dec. Rel. Scot.
i. p. 41.
(0) Coram Rege Rolls, 47 Henry III. No. 120, m. 18 ;
ihid. i. p. 461.
(/)) Walter of Heminghurgh, ii. p. 1 84.
{if) Cf. vol. ii. p. 85.
(>■) Cf. Pedigree of Fitz-Hugh, Whittaker, Richmond-
shire, i. pp. 124-7.
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK. 35 1
Sibilla, Iinvinq survived her second husband, died (in Suiulav, tlie 26th
of July, 129S, and was buried alongside her first husband. Sir Koger de
Lumley, in the monastery of the Friars Minor at Newcastle. By will she
gave her personal estate to her vounger son, Nicholas de St. Maur, and to
her four daughters, Sibilla, Margery, Johanna, and Marv.' Besides great
possessions elsewhere," she at her death held in Morwick 60 acres of arable
demesne land, let for 30s. a vcar ; 2 acres of meadow, let at is. an acre;
4 'bondagia,' each of which comprised a messuage and 18 acres of arable land,
and paid 13s. a year; 4 'bondagia' of similar size which paid 12s. a vear each ;
a 'cottagium,' containing a house and 2 acres of arable land, which paid 4s. a
year; a 'cottagium,' containing a house and i acre of arable land, which paid
2S. a year; and 3 'cottagia,' each of which comprised a house and i acre of
arable land, and paid 2od. each. She also held in Morwick two parts of a
water mill and of a windmill, which paid 12 marks a year. For these tene-
ments Sibilla (and her sister and parcener Theophania) did suit and service
at Alnwick at the court of lord Anthony Bek (bishop of Durham) to whom
was paid castle ward and cornage, and to the king 4s. 2d. for farm of the
forest and two parts of I2d. of ' farm offence month.' Robert de Lumley,
her son and heir, was then twenty-six years of age.^
By an inquisition taken at Chevington on Thursday, the 28th of July,
1300, it was found that John de Buhner had at his death been seised in ^
right of his wife, who survived him, of lands in the manor of Morwick,
held of the barony of Alnwick by the service of a third part of a knight's
fee and the third part of suit rendered every three weeks at the court of
Alnwick ; the capital messuage at Morwick, with the herbage and the fruit
of the garden, was worth 6s. 8d. a year, and the water mill was worth
73s. 4d. yearly.^
' ' 1298. Ego Sibilla uxor quondam domini Laurentii de Sancto Mauro sanae mentis condo testa-
mentum meum. Lego corpus meum sepeliend. ad monasterium fratrum minorum Novi Castri juxta
dominum Rogerum de Lumley maritum meum in eod. monasterio in Christo quiescentcm. Item lego
domino Nicholao de Sancto Mauro filio meo, etc. Si quid bonoiuin meorum residuum fuerit deductis
debitis meis et eo quod supra legavi, do et lego 4 tiliabus meis videlicet, SibiUac, Margeriae, Johannae, et
Mariae. Feci Robertum de Lumley filium meum executorem meum principalem.' Prob. 3 Cal. .'Xugusti,
1298. Dodsworth MS. vol. xx.
' She held 10,000 acres in Redesdale. Hodgson, Northiunbevland, pt. ii. vol. i. p. 165, and pt. iii.
vol. i. p. 53.
■' Inq. p.m. Sibil de Lumley (taken at Morpeth, on the Wednesday after 8th September, 1298), 26 Edw. L
No. 23. Writ, dated Stryvelyn (Stirling), 2nd August, 1298. Cf. Cakndarium Gciieiihgicum, p. 552.
'Inq. p. 'II. Joh. de Bulmerc, 28 Edw. I. No. 19. Writ, dated Durham, 4th December, 1299. Cf.
Cakndarium Gcncaloi^icum, p. 5S4. John de Buhner died on the 17th February, 1298/9, and was buried
at Guisbrough priory. Walter nf Fleniiiii^bnnigli, ii. p. 184.
Vol. V. 45
i s.
d.
s.
d.
' 3
4
uncle
rcjji
2
4
I 7
4
2
Sj
' 3
lO
2
4^
o i6
8
I
8
I 2
o
2
2i
1 7
6
'y
9
o i8
o
1
9l
352 WARKWORTH PARISH.
MoREwvKE Sunsinv Roll, 131:
Sunimabonoriim Robeili filii Roberti ..
r.ilbeili filii Amalili...
Willclmi Doddefole
Roberti filii Davidis
Margarelae filiae Arnaldi
Willelmi filii Roberli
Warini de Moicwyke
Totius villae de Morcwyke, ^7 17s. od. U nde regi, 155. Sid. (siV).
MoRWVKE Subsidy Roll, 1336.
Willelmus Campyon, 5s.; Willelmus molendinarius, 3s. 8d.; Robertus de Brothcrwyk, is. 4d. .Sumnia
los. (s/c).
Sir Robert de Lumley^ died in 1338 and was succeeded by his son
INIarmaduke, stated in 1339 to be of full age. The latter died apparently on
the 1 2th of December, 1374,' and the wardship of his son Robert de Lumley
was granted to William, Lord Latimer.^ Robert de Lumlev died about
1383, seised of 40 acres of demesne land, 7 husbandlands, 9 cottages and a
water mill in Morwick/ and was succeeded by his brother Ralph. Sir Ralph
Lumley, sometime deputy governor of Berwick, was slain on the losing
side at Cirencester' in 1400, and was buried in the cathedral at Durham."
His lands, forfeited to the Crown, were eventually restored to his son,
Thomas de Lumley, who died under age on the 31st of May, 1404." He
was followed in succession by Sir John de Lumley, who fell, fighting at
Baugv in Anjou, on the 13th of April, 1421, Sir Thomas Lumley (died 1485),
Sir George Lumley (died 1507-150^), Richard Lumley (died 151 1), John,
Lord Lumley (died 1544),' and by John, second and last Lord Lumley."
' Sir Robert de Lumley married Lucia, daughter and, at lengtli, heiress of Marmaduke de Thweng
of Killon. Cf. vol. i. of this work, p. 378.
■ Inq. p.m. Rob. fil. Marmaduc. de Lumley, 7 Ric. II. No. 51. Writ, dated \\'estniinster, 13th
December, 1383.
' Collins, Peerage, iv. p. 118 (ed. 1779).
* Inq. p.m. Rob. fil. ^Larmaduc. de Lumley, 7 Rich. II. Xo. 51. Writ, dated Westminster, 13th
December, 1383.
' Rymer, viii. p. 429. Surtees, Durham, ii. pp. 156, 162.
" His body and monument were removed from Durham cathedral to Chester-le-Street under a licence
granted to John, Lord Lumley, in 1594 by Toby .Matthew, bishop of Durham. Ibid. p. 397.
^ Inq. p.m. Tho. fil. et her. Rad. de Lumley, 5 Hen. IV. No. 30. Writ, dated Westminster, 25th
January, 1404/5.
» Morwick was included in the feoft'ment executed about 1540 by John, Lord Lumley, in favour of his
grandson and heir, John, afterwards second Baron Lumley. Surtees, Durham, ii. p. 160. Clarkson,
writing about 1567, says, 'George' (?John) Lumley, lord of Lumley, holds Morwick by the service of
half a knight's fee and suit of court, paying yearly for the same 6s. 8d. Duke uj Northtimbcrlami's MSS.
° For pedigree of Lumley, see Surtees, Durham, ii. p. 162.
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK. 353
John, r>()rd Luiiilcv, and his wile .l;me, daii£>hter and co-hcircss of Henry,
earl of Arundel, were present in great splendcnir at the coronation of Queen
Marv on the isl of October, 1553.' He erected to the memory of his
ancestors the notable series of monuments in the church of Chester-le-Street,
and caused to be executed the pictures of the same at Lumley castle. On
the 30th of March, 1559, he sold the barony of West Chevington and the
estate of Morwick, which had descended to him through fifteen or sixteen
generations, to Sir Thomas Grey of Horton.''
The purpartv of Theophania de Buhner in Hugh de Morwick's estates ''
descended to her son. Sir Ralph de Buhner, who, in 1344, held in Morwick
a messuage, 7 acres of land and a third part of the mill worth 13s. 4d. a
vear,' though in 1351 he was stated to hold of Lord Henry de Percy a moiety
of the manor of Morwick worth 10 marks a year, by the service of a sparrow
hawk, or 2s. a vear paid at Midsummer.' Sir Ralph de Buhner was succeeded
bv his great nephew. Sir Henry fitz Hugh' of Ravenswath, in Richmondshire,
who died in 1386, seised of 4 husbandlands and 4 cottages in Morwick held
of Henry, earl of Northumberland, as of the barony of Alnwick."
Sir Henry fitz Hugh was followed by another Sir Henry fitz Hugh, who,
after more than one pilgrimage to the Holy Land, died on the nth day of
January, 1424/25, and was buried in the abbey of Jervaux.' He was, at his
death, seised of 20 acres of demesne land in Morwick, worth 2d. an acre ;
2 acres of demesne meadow, worth 2od. an acre ; 4 cottages, worth is. a
year ; 4 husbandlands, worth 4s. a year; 8 acres of 'land of foreland,' worth
2d. an acre ; half an acre, worth id. ; and a free rent of 9s. 6d. issuing out of
the water mill, all which he held of Henry Percy, earl of Northumberland,
as of the barony of Alnwick ; his heir was his son William, then twenty-six
years of age."
' Collins, Peerage, iv. pp. 126-129 (ed- '//g)- ° ^■'^ Grey deeds. Lambert MS.
' Inq. p.m. i8 Edw. III. second numbers, No. 6. Writ, dated Westminster, 12th June, 1344.
* Inq. p.m. 25 Edw. III. second numbers, No. z. Writ, dated Westminster, loth September, 1351.
= Henry fitz Huah of Ravenswath, governor of Barnard Castle, 9 Edw. II. married Eva, daugliter of
Sir John Bulmcr, and dying in 1356, was succeeded by his grandson Hugh fitz Hugh (the son of Henry
fitz Hugh by his wife Joan, daughter of Sir Richard Fourneys). Dugdale, Baromige (cd. 1675), '• P- 403-
"Inq. p.m. Henry fitz Hugh, knight (taken at Morpeth, 10th October, 1386), 10 Rich. II. No. 16.
Writ, dated Westminster, 22nd September, 1386. ' Dugdale, Baronage (ed. 1675), "• P- 404-
" Inq. p.m. Sir Henry fitz Hugh, knight (taken at Morpeth, on Saturday in Easter week, J425\
3 Hen. VI. No. 27. Writ, dated Westminster, 13th January, 1425. The jury say that the said Henry
held 'ex dono et feoffamcnto Johannis Bulmere et Theophaniae u.\oris ejus iaciis Henrico hho Hugoms in
liberum maritagium cum Eva filia eoiundem Johannis et Theophaniae ct hercdibus de corporibus ipsorum
Hcnrici et Evae procreandis et dc ip5i= Henrico ei Eva Uescciulebat jus omnium terraium teiiementorum
354 WARKWORTH PARISH.
On the 9th of May, 1436, Sir William lit/. Hugh, being at Ravenswath,
conveyed to Sir Maurice Berkley, knight, John Eppilby, rector of Roniald-
kirk, Robert Shirwynd, rector of Wath, and William Crayke, rector of
Tanlield, and others, with other estates, 4 cottages, 4 husbandlands, 20 acres
of demesne land, 2 acres of demesne meadow, 8^ acres of ' land of foreland '
in Morwick, and a free rent of 9s. 6d. issuing out of the mill, to hold to the use
of himself for life, and then to the use of his son, Henry fitz Hugh ; the latter
was twentv-three vears of age when his father died on the 22nd of October,
Henrv fitz Hugh married Alice, daughter of Richard Nevill, earl of
Salisbury,- and in December, 1462, took part in the siege and captnre
of Dunstanborough.^ He subsequently went a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and
after his return founded a chantry in the chapel at Ravenswath, dying on
the 4th of June, 1472/ His son Richard filz Hugh was fifteen years of age
at the time of his father's death, and died on the 20th of November, 1487,
seised of a cottage in Morwick, of which the tenure was said to be unknown,
though it was not held of the king ; he had other estates in Northumberland
situate at Little Benton, Oldmoor, Longhirst, and Ashington." Richard
fitz Hugh left an only son, George fitz Hugh, who, being a little more than
a year old at his father's death, had liverv of his lands in 1509, but dying
three years later his heirs in the baronies of fitz Hugh, Marmion, and St.
Quintin were found to be his great aunt, Alice, wife of Sir Thomas Fynes,
and Sir Thomas Parr, son of Lady Fynes' sister Elizabeth, wife, first to
Sir William Parr, and, secondly, to Nicholas, Lord Vaux."
MORVK (beloxgin'ce to Warkworthe) Muster Roll, 1538.'
Thomas Robynson, Jolin Halle, John Horsley, able horse ; Robt. Bai yde, Thomas Wiyght, Andero
Symson, Robt. Halle, Ed. Seyll, Rybt. Hudson, John Pott, able men wanting horse and harnes.
Sir Thomas Fynes (the husband of Alice fitz Hugh) was eldest son of
the marriage of Sir Richard Fvnes of Hurstmonceaux, in Sussex, with Joan,
et reddituuni praedictorum cum suis pcrtinenciis praedicto Henrico fitz Hugh in dicto brevi nominato ut
consanguineo et hercdi dictorum Henrici filii Hugonis et Evae, videlicet filio Henrici filii Henrici fi li
Henrici filii praedictorum Henrici filii Hugonis et Evae per formam don.icionis praedicte'
'et dicunt c|Uod idem Henricus fitz Hugh in dicto brevi nominatus obiit xj die Januarii ultimo praetento
et quod WiUelmus fitz Hugh chivaler est filius et haeres ejusdem Henrici fitz Hugh in dicto brevi
nominati propinquior et aetatis xxvj annorum et amplius.'
' /»!/. p.m. William fitz Hugh, knight, 31 Hen. VI. No. 43. Writ, dated at Westnfinstcr, 2Sth October,
1452. '■ Dugdale, Baronage (cd. 1675), i. p. 405. '' Border Holds, i. p. 179.
* Dugdale, Baronage (ed. 1675), i. p. 405. * Cal. Iiiq. p.m. Hen. VII. i. p. 146.
' Du_, lale, Baronage (ed. 1675), i. p. 405. ' Arch. Ael. 4to series, i\-. p. 163.
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK.
355
in lur own right Baroness Dacre. Dying in his father's lifetime, lie left issue
Thomas, Lord Dacre (died 1534- 1535), who again was succeeded bv his
grandson, who, being implicated in a poaching frav in Sussex, in which a
keeper of his neighbour Sir Nicholas Pelham was killed, was condemned
and, though only twenty-one years of age, was executed 1 541- 1542. His
estates were inherited by his son, Gregory Dacre who by /\ct of Parliament,
I Elizabeth, was restored in blood and honours ;' his name as Lord Dacre of
the South and that of ' !\L Hampton d'ns ^Llrchio de Hampton' appear in
the Feodary's Book in 156S as owners of lands in Morwick and East
Chevington,- and before the vear 1586 he or thev sold the fitz Hugh lands in
^Nlorwick to Thomas Bates. ^ On the 27th of January, 1594/5, Cuthbert
Bates^ of Halliwell conveyed to John Horsley of Morwick a messuage or
tenement there, together with eight oxgangs of land.*
The name of Sir Thomas Grey of Horton," who purchased Lord
Lumley's estate in Morwick in 1559, was entered as proprietor of lands there
in the Feodary's Book in 1568,' and through the marriage of his daughter
and co-heiress, Isabel, with Sir Ralph Grey, it was carried into the familv
of Grey of Chillingham. At a muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of
March, 1580, five of Mr. Ralph Grey's'^ tenants in Morwick presented them-
' Collins, Pa-rage (ed. 1779), Supplement, pp. 82, 84.
" Lihcr Fcudarii, 10 Eliz. Hodgson, }\orthuiiibcrhnu1, part iii. vol. iii. p. I.xii.
' Survey of 1586 ; Duke of Northumberhind's MSS.
1581, 5th August, (irant to William, Lord Burghley, and Robert, earl of Leicester, of tlie moiety of
the manors of East Chevyngton and Morewick, sjiecified in a fine levied Trin. term, 13 Eliz., between
Roger Manwood, Ralph Scrope, and Roger Coreliam, |)laintiffs, and Gregory Fines Lord Dacre and
Ann his wife, Henry Norreys and Margery his wife, and Sampson Lennard and Margaret his wife,
deforciants. Pnt. Rot. 24 Eliz. pt. 13, m. i.
' 1602, Michaelmas, Charged on Robert Bates for relief for his lands in East Chevington (50s.) and
Morrick (50s.), after the death of Thomas Bates,'his uncle, unpaid from 32 Elizabeth : ^5.
Charged on Cuthbert Bates for relief of his lands in Morrick, East Chevington, and Reveley, which
Robert Bates, his father, lately deceased, held by service of one knight's fee, unpaid from 42 Elizabeth :
^5. Bailiffs' Accounts, 44 Eliz. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' Original deed. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
"An earlier connection of the Greys with Morwick occurred in 1351, when Sir Ral[ih liiilmer
infeofifed (perhaps by way of mortgage) David Grey {cf. Ncwmiitstcr Cliartuhiry, p. 295) and Alargery, his
wife, of one-third part of Morwick. Inq. p.m. 25 Edw. HL second numbers. No. 2. Hodgson, North-
umberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 76.
1602, Michaelmas. Charged on the heirs of Thomas Clray, knight, viz., Robert Cknering, Roger
I'rockter, Humfrey Hearon, John Baxter, and John Hearon, and tlicir wives, daughters, and heirs of the
said Thomas for relief of his lands in Horton (50s.), Morrick (33s. 4d ), East Chevington (33s. 4d.). and
Toggesdon, unpaid from 22 Eliz., ^6 (>s. 8d. Bailiffs' Accounts, 44 Eliz. Duke of Nurthumberhind's MSS.
''Liber Feodarii, 10 Eliz. Hodgson, Northumberlund, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. Ixiii.
' By deed, dated ist March, 1607/8, Sir Ralph Grey limited West and East Chevington and Morwick
to his wife's jointure, ii-v Giey Deeds, Lambert .MS.
35^ WARKWORTH PARISH.
selves,' and it is stated, in a survey made about 1586, tliat tlie lauds in
Morwick formerly belonging to Hugh de Morwick were then held bv
Thomas Bates (in succession to the heirs of Lord fitz Hugh) and bv Ralph
Grey, esq., as of the baronv of Alnwick, paying yearly 6s. 8d. for castle
ward and i6d. for cornage."
In 1683 Morwick was conveyed bv Ford, Lord Grev, to Ladv Grace
Pierrepoint in mortgage, and after his death, under the terms of the settle-
ment made for the division of the Grey estates, it was apportioned to Henry
Nevill Grey of Billingbear, in Berkshire, with remainder to Mr. Henrv Grey
of Howick.^ Tn 1732 Henrv Nevill Grey, being the tenant for life, and
Henry Grey of Howick, being the heir e.xpectant upon the death of the said
Henry Neville Grev without heirs male, in consideration of the sum of /.800
paid to Henrv Nevill Grey and a perpetual rent-charge of ;Xio los. a vear
payable to Henry Grey of Howick and his heirs, conveyed Morwick to John
Grey who already occupied the place under a lease.^
The puixhase of Morwick did not take place without some delicate
negotiation, for John Grey, who was a younger brother of Henry Grey of
Howick,' having married his kinswoman Anne, daughter and co-heiress of
Edward Grey, a prosperous merchant of Alnwick,^ felt himself obHged to
consult and to defer to his father-in-law as well as to his brother. On
the 22nd of September, 1732, Samuel Kettlebv of Berwick wrote to
Henry Nevill Grey:
Mr. Grey of Morwick came here on Mond.iy last to treat with me for your hfe rent of that estate,
and after several long debates and all our reckonings on both sides we came to this agreement, on
condition you are pleased to approve on the terms, but not otherwise, viz., that he is to give ^800 for
your life rent of Morwick estate, and to pay Maitintnas rent next if the writings are not executed before
that time; but as he apprehends the terms are high, and thinks he may disoblige his brother by paying
such a sum, he desires the real price may be kept a secret, and that no more than .£600 be inserted in
the writings as the purchase money, and he will lodge in tny hands the remaining .£200 before the
execution of the writings to be remitted for your lady's service or as you shall be pleased to direct. It
is certainly Mr. Grey's interest, as he is circumstanced, to purchase on the above-mentioned terms that
he grumbles much and says I have taken advantage of his necessity, and protests he would not have
given ^500 had it not have been to secure the reversion.'
It is said that when John Grey (who in his youth had served in the navy)
settled at Morwick he found the estate overrun with whins, broom, and
' Ciil. Harder Papers, Bain, i. p. 20. - Duke of NortliumlicrlamVs MSS.
'Ex Grey Deeds, Lambert MS. ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' Cf. vol. ii. of this work, p. 352. " Cf. ibid. p. 460.
' Sam. Kettleby's letter book in the possession of the late Mr. R. C. Bolam. licrwick.
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK. 357
healh, and ' by his application in about twenlv-livc years he made it one
of the most improved and pretty estates in the county, with handsome house
and gardens.'^ After a lon^ life of ninety-one years he died in 1783, having
for his epitaph the words ' Deo duce omnia bona.' For some now forgotten
reason John Grey had resented his son's marriage, and it is said refused to
receive his daughter-in-law, though she was a grand-daughter of the duke
of Gordon. She outlived him two years and a half, and, dying at Morwick,
ordered that she should remain there, and that her body should be buried in
a vault built for that purpose in the flower garden."
John Grev, son of Charles and Catherine Maria Grev, who as a major
of the 5th Foot distinguished himself at the siege of Cuidad Rodrigo, where
he was wounded,^ and afterwards served in India, subsequently became a
general in the army and was created a K.C.B. After his retirement from the
service, Sir John Grev made Morwick his home, and being without issue and
extremelv desirous that it should remain in the possession of his family, he
gave it at his death, in 1856, to his kinsman Sir George Grey of Fallodon, bart.
Owing to the verv heavy charges upon the estate. Sir George Grey found the
bequest a barren one, and in 1857 sold Morwick to Mr. William Linskill^
of Tynemouth, who only retained it for five years, and then sold it to Mr.
James Dand of Togston. The latter resided at Morwick until 1885, when he
sold it to the duke of Northumberland.
' Sir David Smith's Collection.
- ' On the 22nd inst., died at Morwick, Mrs. Grey, wife of Charles Grey, esq. Her corps at her desire
were deposited in the middle of the ^^I'den without funeral service. A vault made, built about with stone,
12 feet in length, 4 feet in depth, and 7 feet in breadth.' Nicholas Brown's Diary, 25th June, 1786.
On the massive monument which stands near the vault is written the following inscription ; ' In memory
of Catherine Maria Grey, who died the 21st of June, 17S6, in the 34th year of her age. Blessed are the
dead which die in the Lord; Rev. .\iv. 13. I know that my Redeemer liveth ; Job .\i.\. 25.'
' NcK'castle ClironicU; 8th and 15th February, 1812.
' .'Xt the entrance to the drive Mr. Linskiil set up on either side of the gate the massive stone pillars
which he had brought from his former residence at Tynemouth.
358
W.\IM<\VORTH PARISH.
GREY OF MORWICK.
AKMS : gli/fs, a lion rampant within a /loriiure engrailfil, a martlet fur
difftrence. Panel in Warkwonli church.
John Gkfy of Mor\vici<, third son of John = Anne, daughter and co-heiress
Grey of Mowick {cf. vol. ii. p. 352) ;
purchased .Morwiik 7lh and Sth June,
1732 (h) ; died Ijth Nov., 1783 aged 91
(( :) ; will dated 26th July, 1777 (A);
proved at Durham, 17.8J (/■).
of F.dward Grey of Alnwick ;
haplised at .Alnwick, 26th Aug.,
1705 ; married 1st June, 1731 ;
buried 6th July, 1752 (a).
. Catherine Maria, daughter
of John Skelly. vicar of Shil-
bottle. by his wile Lady Hetty,
daughter of. A lc.\under,fecond
duke of Gordon; married 24th
Aug., 1778 (/); died 2Ist
June, 17S6, agid 34 (c) ; and
is buried in a vault in the
gardens at Morwick.
Edward Grey, bap-
tised 13th June,
173- (") i buried
23rd June, 1733
John Grey, baptised i8th
June. 1734 (a) ; a
captain in the army ;
killed in Germany in
his father's lifetime.
Henry Grey, baptised
I3lh .Nov., 1739 (") ;
lieut. R.N. ; died in
his father's lifetime.
1
1 , i
Charles Grey of Mor- ■
wick, baptised 14th
.April, 174S («),
fourth but only
surviving son and
heir ; died 30th
Nov., 18 14 (/5),
aged 66; will dated
20th May, 1813 ;
proved at Durham,
1815 (J>).
2. Grace Grant ;
marriedatLeith,
28th Mar., 1794
(i/) ; named in
her husband's
will ; died 29th
May, l8i5,aged
55 (0-
Margaret, baptised Sth July, 1735 (a) ; died
unmarried and intestate Sth Dec, 1785
(a) ; administration loth Feb., 1786 (//).
.\nrre, baptised 3rd July, 1744 (a) ; married
27th Jirly, 1773 (as his second wife), John
Grey of Alnwick (a) ; and was buried at
Alnwick, 2ind May, 1789; her will is
dated 6ih May, 1789.
Mary, baptised 6th Jan., 1746/7 (a); marrird
30th Sept., 1766, William Hay of Aln-
mouth (a), corn factor. vi-
Sir John Grey, K.C.B., of Morwick, lieut.-col. 5th Foot, =
aird a lieut. -general in the army, sometime governor of
Bombay Presidency, born at Newton-by the-sea ;
baptised at F.mbleton, l8th March, 17S2 ; died at
Morwick, 19th Feb., 1856 (<r) ; will dated 27th April,
1854; proved at Durham, 2sid April, 1856, and at
Canterburj', i8th June, 1856 (J>).
\ .
Ann, baptised ... ; married at Woodhorn
1S12, the Rev. Daniel Hunter, Presbjten m nniMncr
at Widdrington (<■) ; settlement after marriage, 6th
Oct., 1812 (li). He died at Brandling Place, New-
castle, 5th May, 1836, aged 63.
(a) Warkieortli Ke(;:stgr,
(/5) Diite of iVorlhnm/ierlaml's MSS.
(c) .M.I., Warkworth.
Rosa Louisa .'Nturt, dairghter
and heiress of Henry F.\elvrr
Pilfreld Sturt Grindall, cap-
tain R.N.; married at St.
James', Westminster, 17th
Aug., i830(//).
Charles Grej', baptisei ... ;
captain 85th fveg. Foot,
fell at the siege of New
Orleans, loth Jan., 1815
(</); will dated 15th Nov.,
1808 ; proved at Canter-
bury, 17th June, 1815 (/i).
Catherine Maria, baptised 6th Jan., 17S5 (a) ; articles
before marriage, 5th Oct.. 1S15 (/>) ; married 5th
Oct., 1815, John Burrell of Little Houghton, cap-
tain 60th Foot. She died at Morwick loth Oct.,^
1839, aged 53 (c). -1-
((/) Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Booi.
{e") Newcastle C ronicle, Ji'ly, 1812.
(y) Alnwick Register.
KVIDENCES TO GrEY PeIUGREE.
1777, -<Jth July. Will of John Grey of Morwick. I give my lands at Morwick to my son, Charles Grey, in
tail male ; remainder to my grandson, Wil iam Juhn Hay, eldest son of William Hay of Alnmouth, merchant (by his
wife, .Vlary, my youngest daughter); remainder to his brother, Charles H.iy. To my daughter, Margaret Grey, £i,o
per annum out of Morwick ; to my daughters, Ann Grey, widow, and Mary Hay, each £l'^ per annum. Executors,
Thomas Ilderton of Hawkhill, etc. Proved at Durham, 1784.
1854, 27ih April. Will of Sir John Grey of .Morwick, colonel 5th Foot or Northumberland Fusiliers, a general
in the army, and sometime govtrnor-gentral of the Presidency of Bombay : 'Whereas the manor, mansion house, and
estate of Morwick in the said county of Northumberland is one of the most ancient possessions of the Grey family,
and in the year 1732 the same was settled upon my grandfather, John Grey, esq., by his eldest brother, Henry Grey
of Howick, in consideration of natural love and affection, and as a provision suitable to his degree and family as the
grant e.\presses it, it is therefore my w sh that the said manor, mansion house, and estate should never pass away from
that family, but should always be the seat of one of the members thereof. And I therefore devise, but subject to the
payment of the said annuity of /loo (to .Madame Maria Senillart of Boulogne), and to the power hereafter contained
for raising the sum of /2O,O0o, all that, my manor or lordship of Aforttick,' to my cousin. Sir George Grey of Fallodon,
hart., in tail male. 1 give ;^20,ooo to my trustees to pay debts and legacies, and to hold the residue in trust for my
nephew, George Burn 11. Duke oj Soi tliumherian<Cs MSS,
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK.
359
The estate, purchased in 1595 by John Horsley from Cuthbert Bates,
remained in the possession of his descendants for nearly two hundred years
until 17S0, when Henry Horsley conveved it to trustees for the benefit of
his creditors.' The whole of it was acquired by John Grey in 1793 and
thenceforth was absorbed in his estate. Horsley's house with its walled
garden stood in the hamlet, and was only taken down about live years ago ;
Mr. M. H. Dand remembers reading over sixty years ago some lines written
upon a pane in one of its windows with a diamond and signed by Miss
Horsley ; they began, ' Farewell, Morwick, all thy sweets adieu!'
HORSLEY OF MORWICK.
John HoRSLliV of Morwick altended the nnislor taken on Alnwick Moor, 1538 (^).
John Horsley ; in 1595 purchased lands in Morwick (c) ; will dated 15th Nov.,
1613 ; proved 23rd Feb., 1613/4 ('V /«/./>.»». 17th Jan., 1619/20 (1;).
Jane ... ; named in her
husband's will.
Alan Horsley of Morwick, son and liei] (t) ;
freeholder in Moipeth ward in 1638 (/).
Thomas lloisic), .-.ciond son (rf).
Cuthbert Horsley, third son (<■).
I I
Elizabeth.
Margaret.
John Horsley of Morwick ; was rated for lands there in 1663 ; will
dated 24th Jan., 1686; proved at Durham, May, 1688 (c) (rf) ;
buried ... July, 1687 (a).
Dinah, or Dionesia [Pdaughter of ... Wilson
of .'\mble and Pegsworth] ; under her hus-
band's will was to have her thirds.
Thomas Horsley
of Morwick, son
and heir; bmied
4th Dec, 1723
(a) ; will dated
2nd Nov., 1723.
Mary, sister and co-heiress of
James Vardy of St. Mar-
garet's ; married nth June,
1702 (6) ; under her hus-
band's will had a freehokl
house in Alnwick ; 19th
Oct., 1733, releases her
dower out of Morwick to
her son Thomas.
John Morsley
of .Mtiivvick.
Maigaret Johnson
of Woodhorn ;
married 26th
May, 1696 (a).
Ill ,• ., r,
Jane ; named in will of her
brother Thomas.
Barbara ; married 23rd
Nov., 1693, Robert Lee
of Embleton (a).
Ann ; to whom her brother
gave 20s. a year so long
as she remained unmar-
ried.
I . I
Alan, bap. I homas Horsley of Morwick, 1
28th Mar., baptised nth Jan., 1708/9
1703 (a) ; (a) ; upon whose marriage
died in his his uncle, James Vardy,
father's settled his lands in St.
lifetime. Margaret's and the corn
tithes of Rugley and Snipe
house; buried 22nd June,
1742 (a); will dated 1 6th
June, 1742.
- Mary, daughter of Henry Forster James, bap.
and sister of George Forster of 2nd Dec,
Low Angerton ; articles before 1711 (a);
marriage, l8th and igth Oct., buried
■733 (0 W ; "">s living in 29th June,
Wark worth a widow in receipt i72o(aJ.
of an annuity payable out of
Morwick, 23rd June, 1780 (i/) ;
died at Snipe house ; biu-ied 3rd
Feb., 1808, aged 96 (a).
Jane, baptised 12th March,
1703/4 (a); married 24th
May, 1726, James Patter-
son of Warkworth (a).
Dionesia, baptised 3rd Oct.,
1706 (a); not named in
her father's will.
Anne, bap. gth Dec, 1714(a);
married firstly, 23rd Sept.,
1737 (/)), Jacob Weather-
burn, anil secondl)', 1 8th
May, 1751, Roger Bustou
of High Buston (li).
' The estate was advertised to be sold by auction on the 19th of August, 1780, and was described
as comprising a good dwelling house, a large garden, and proper offices, fit for a gentleman, with
barns, byres, and conveniences on two different parts of the estate ; there were two fine springs of wood.
Natciistle 7<""'''"/, August, 1780. In the May following one part of the estate, 60 acres of the infield
ground, was conveyed to John Crey, and the other part, comprising 65 acres of the outfield ground,
to Thomas Buston. Two years later, in May, 1793, Buston resold his portion to Mr. Grey. Diiki: of
NurtliumberUiuiVs MSS.
Vol. V. 46
360
WARKWORTH PARISH.
Henrj' Horsley of Momick and
of bt. Margaret's, bap. 24th
Feb., 1735/6 (a) ; 20th and
23rd June, 1780, conveyed
his esuites at Morwitk and
Si. Margaret's to trustees ;
died in London, Nov., 1790,
' of a fall do«"n stairs ' (Ji).
Thomas ^ Mary Henderson
Horslej'
of Snipe
house,
baptised
2l5t
July,
1737 («)■
of Hundalee. in
the chapelry of
Widdrington ;
married 2\tA
Nov., I768(i);
living in 18 ic
I I
Thomas, baptised
2lst July, 1737;
buried 28th .April,
1738 w.
George, baptised
... : buried 24th
\,ml, 1738 (fl).
Marj-. baptised 24th Oct., 1734
(a); died unmarried at Snipe
house ; buried 22nd April,
1807, aged 71 (a).
.Anne, baptised 2 1st July. 1737;
twin with Thomas (a); buried
8th Jan.. 1 745/6 (o).
Alice, daughter of = James Horsley of =
Snipe house.bap.
1st July, 1772
(/<); died in New-
castle ; buried in
Newcastle.
John Barber of
Boulmer, bom in
the parish of
Embleton (Ji) ;
married at Long-
houghton, loth
Sept., 1799 (i).
\~\
Thomas Horsley, bom 26th April
(») ; baptised 20th July, 1802
(J>) ; drowned at sea.
John Horsley; bom loth Dec,
1505 (f) ; baptised 19th -Aug.,
1506 (li) ; drowned at sea.
Elizabeth . . . ;
buried at St.
-Andrew's.
Newcastle,
4th April,
I
Mary, bap. Sth Dec.,
1 769 (//) ; married
qth Feb.. I793('5).
Thomas Chrisp of
Ruglev ; died 2?rd
Mar., 1835 (/).".].
Thomas Horsley of Snipe =
house.afterwards of Les-
bur)- intake, in Alnwick
parish ; died 27th April,
1826, aged 61 (/).
■■ Mary Bum ;
married
7th -Mar.,
1799 (-5)
MM
Alice Selby, bom 20th July, 1800 (i) ; baptised 26th Nov., 1800
(K) ; died unmarried, ... Sept.. 1867 (j).
Mar3- Henderson, baptised 22nd Dec, 1809 (S) ; married firstly
William Greenwood of Bljth, and secondly ... Whinnah, governor
of Berwick gaol.
Doroth}-. born loth April, 1810 (j) ; died 31st May, 1893 ; buried
at Berwick.
Jane, bom 2nd April, 1812 (») ; living 1899 in Alnwick, unmarried.
.Anne, daughter of Richard Wanley = James Horsley of Newcastle,
of Newcastle (first wife), bom born at Snipe house, 23rd
... 1823; married at St. John's, Oct., 1828; author of Zaw
Newcastle, ... March, 1853 ; died of Jismonti ; died Sth Mar.,
7th -Aug., 1S63. 1S91 ; buried at St. Andrew's
cemeterj-, Newcastle.
Mary Anne Sumner of Rich-
mond, 'V'orks. (second wife) ;
married at St. .Andrew's.
Newcastle, 1st Nov., 1866 ;
died 22nd Sept., 1891.
I I I
Three chil-
dren ; died
in infancy.
!
Henry; went to
sea, and has
not been heard
of since 1851.
James Horsley
of Newcastle,
bom 25th
May, 1853.
Mary, daughter of
Robert Blake of
Newcastle ; married
at Jesmond, 1881.
Henry, bom in New-
castle, . . Jan.,
1S60 ; died 9th
Jan., 1861.
Henry Hors^e)' = Sarah Mills, daughter
Alfred Horsley, bora 1882.
of Newcasi le,
bom in New-
castle, 1 2th
July, 1868.
of John Mackey ;
mar. at St. Philip's,
Newcastle, 6th Feb.,
1892.
(a) Warkworth Register.
(i) AI',wi i Register.
(<■) Deeds in the Rev. John
Hodgson's Collection.
(J) Diike of Northnmherland's MSB.
(«) Raine. Test. Duneltn.
(/) Arch. Ael. 410 series, ii. p. 323.
(f) Uid. iv. p. 163.
Florence Sumner, bom i6th April, 1894.
(/i) Nicholas Brown's Diary.
(i) Mr. Henrj- Horsley's Family BiHe.
(jf) Lim^hmiehton Register.
(/) .M.I., Shilbotile.
Evidences to Horslev Pedigree.
1613, 15th November. Will of John Horsley of Morwicke, yeoman. To be buried in the church of Warke-
worth : my farme in Morewick to Allan Horsley, my eldest son, and his heirs for ever ; remainder to my son, Thomas
Horslej' ; remainder to my third son, Culhbert Horsley ; remainder to the eldest daughter of my son, Allan Horsley ;
my daughters Elizabeth and Margaret. My wife, Jane, and my son, Allan, executors. Proved 23rd February. 1613/4.
Raine, Test. Dunelm.
1613, 29th November. Inventory of John Horsley of Morwick. S oxen, ^12 ; 2 mares, ^^3 6s. Sd. ; 3 kyne
and calves, £a, lOs. ; 2 kyne and 2 qwyes, £^ 6s. 8d. ; 28 ewes, £•, ; 8 other sheepe, £l ; 4 gotes, 13s. 4d. ; hardcome
sowen, valued at /5 8s. ; 3 booles of wheat. £z 8s. ; 3 booles of rye, £1 l6s. ; 5 booles of beare, £2 ; 20 booles of
oats, £\ ; 2 booles of peese, £1 ; 3 swine, 105. ; 2 long wanes, £\ 6s. 8d. ; 2 short wanes, £1 ; plough, etc.,
6s. 8d. ; one amrj', a cawell, a cupbord, and 2 small coffers, £\ ; braspot, a caldron, 5 pans, and a chafing
dish, £l\ \^ peeces of pewter, 3 candlesticks, one salt, ;^i ; 2 malt chests, tubbs, and barrels, £\ ; one table, a chayre,
2 formes and 2 stools, 5s. ; 3 beddsteads, los. ; 12 pare of sheets, 3 towels, and 4 pillowes, £2 4s. ; 3 coverlets,
7 happens, 4 blaketts,anJ 3 windeycloths,;^! l6s. 8d.; 2 feather beds, los.; his apparel, £\ ; sacke and wallette, 6s. 8d.;
crookes, a spitt, and tongs, 3s. 4d.; 6 stotts, 2 years old, £% 6s. 8d. Total, £()i, 14s. 4d. Durham Prolate Registry.
TOWNSHIP OF MORWICK. 36 1
16S6, 24tli January. Will of John Horsley of Monrick, yeoman. My freehold faun in Morwick to my eldest
son, Thomas, subject to the thirds of my wife, Dinah Horsley. Proved 16SS.
1725, 2nd November. Will of Thomas HorsUy of Monrick. My freehold estate in Monrick and my lease of
.Acklington which I hold of the duke of Somerset, with stock, crop, etc, to my son, Thomas; or. •' '•.!::■_•.
issue, then to my two daughters, Jane and Ann, as co-heiresses; to my dear wife, Mary Horsley, a -;
.Alnwick, remainder to my son, Thomas ; mj- daughter. Jane, -C^oo ; my daughter, Ann, ;f 100 ; my uaiu.'^: Ji-;
Jane Horsley, ^5 : to my sister. .\nn Horsley, 205. a year until she marry. Executors, Mr. William Cook of E; .
haugb. Mr. Joseph Paifrey of Chester-house, ^Ir. Edward Valentine of Wooden, and my said wife. Proved 1724.
Rev. John Hodgson's CcUicJion.
1733, 19th October. .Articles before marriage of Thomas Horsley of Morwick, son and heir of Thomas Horsley.
deceased, and Mary Forster, then of New-town, only daughter of the late Henry, and sister of George, Forster of Low
.Angerton. Her marriage portion is -C^oo. James Vardy of St. Margaret's settles his lands at that place and the com
tith^ of Rugley and Snipe-house upon Thomas Horsley and his issue. Jiuf.
1742, 16th Jime. Will of Thomas Horsley of Monrick, gent. I give my farm in .Acklington held by
lease of the duke of Somerset (and in mortgage to Thomas Heron of East Thirston and one James Waugh to secure
£200) to my sister. -Ann Weaiherbum of Hackwell, widow, as security for the ^200 which I owe to her on bond.
.After she be satisfied, I give my interest in the same and in the new lease to be obtained of the duke of Somerset to be
divided amongst my younger children, share and share alike, viz., Mary, Ann, and Thomas. My sister, .Ann Weather-
boni, sole eiecutor. fiui.
17SC, 22nd and 25rd June. Henry Horsley of Morwick being indebted to divers persons (wliose names are set
forth in a schedule) conveyed to Edward Cook of Togston. gent., John Wilson of Hadston. gent, and Thomas Buston
of High Buston, genu, in trust for his creditors, his estate at i£orwick, comprising 136 acres, but subject to the
payment of .^l,5SO due to Dorothy Co(^ of Newcastle, widow, for principal and interest of mortgage and also
subject to an annuity of ;^30 per annum secured under her tnarriage settlement and payable to ^^ary Horsley of
Warkworth, widow of Thomas Horsley, late of Morwick, and mother of the aforesaid Henry Horsley.
A small holding in Morwick belonging to the preceptor}- of Mount
St. John, which at the dissolution of the monastic houses was worth 2s.
a vear, was still in the crown in 1556.' It is unnoticed in the Rate Book of
1663, but may ^Tith some probability- be identified with a small estate sold
in 1673 by John Errington of Newcastle, butcher, to Stephen Palfrey, who
about that time was Lord Grey's tenant at Morwick ; it was described as
comprising a cottage and twenty acres of land, and the consideration was
;^45. Seventeen years later Palfrey resold the same to Francis Forster of
Low Buston, who gave it to his younger son Nicholas Forster, whose son
Ralph Forster, in 1735, sold it to John Grey of Morwick for ;X^200.'
On the bank of the Coquet, a little above the place where the railway
viaduct crosses the river, is a cottage or simimerhouse built about the year
1798 by Mr. Charles Grey, upon which some lines were written by Percival
Stockdale, the literary vicar of Lesbury :
Objects this rude, this bumble roof surround,
WTiich aggrandise, which consecrate the ground.
Here let thy soul it's noble scope enjoy ;
And deem a palace but a childish toy.'
' PaUKt Rolls, 4 and 5 PhiL and Mar}\ Ft. 14. m, i.
= Duke of NorihumbirldiuPs USS. The late Mr. James Band's Denis
' Stockdale, Poetical \\'or,is, L p. 385.
WARK WORTH PARISH.
FORSIER OF WARKWORTH AND MORWICK.
Frances, daughter of Ralph BraiullinR
of Hoppen ; married at Alnwick
28lh April, 1709 ; died at Hart-law ;
buried 5lh Keb., 17 1 3/6 (n).
Nicholas KOKSTEK, second son of Francis Forster = Hannah Harrison of New-
of Low Buston, somttime of Ponteland ; wi'l castle ; bond of marriage
dated 14th June, 1724, gives lands at Ritton, 22nd July, 1717 ; married
Roughlces, lUslej hurst, and Morwick in trust 19th Sept., 1717 («).
for his sons Francis and Ralph.
Francis Forster, baptised Ralph Forster, in 1735 of Highant Dykes, only = .Mary [I.isle]*; Dorothy, mentioned
2lst March, 1709/10 surviving son, afterwards of Warkwonh ; sold buried 7ih in hf r failicr's will;
(rt) ; died during his Errington-close at .Morwick ; buried 17th Mar., I .Mar., 1759 dead before loth
minority i./. 1762 («) i «'ill dated 12th Mar., 1762; proved I (a). May, 1735.
1763^ I
Frances ; died in infancy ; Mary, daughter and heiress ; baptised iSth Nov., 1747 (rO ; married Thomas
buried 4th Jan., 1753/4 Kerr [of Cornhill-on-Tweed] and of Alnwick, attorney, afterwards of
(rt). Tone-hall; died iSth May, liioS, aged 60; M.I. .Mnwick.
(rt) Wiiriwort/i Register. (Ji) Duke of Norlhumherhind's MSS.
♦ ? Bond of marriage igth Nov., 1736, Ralph Forster and .Mary Lisle s.p., both of the parish of Hartburn.
1762, I2th March. Will of Ralph Forster of Warkworth, gent. All my estate at Warkworth, Ritton White-
house, and Roughlees, in the parish of Hartburn, to my friend John Grey of Morwick, esq., in trust for my only
daughter Mary Forster during her nonage, and her hurs ; remainder to my niece Frances, wife of John Fenwick of
Robert's Place, co. York, gent. ; to my niece Mary Allen, /30 per annum. John Grey, executor. Proved 1763.
Seal with Forster arms : impaling, ermine a lion rampant. Crest : a buck' s head erased. Raine, Test. Dunelm.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKLINGTON.
The greater part of the township of Acklington/ which has an area of
2,121 acres, is situated a little above the lOO feet contour-line of the
Ordnance survey. Its north-west corner abuts upon the river Coquet, and,
except a wood comprising about 50 acres, replanted about forty years ago,
it is all in pasture or under tillage. The population in i8gi was 235.-
A survey made at the beginning of the seventeenth century describes the
bounder of the township in the following words :
Acklington beginninge at the over end of Braunshatighe-bank even as the pale goes to the water of
Cockett, and soe downe the water of Cockett to Whinfell-dike, and along VVhinfell south dike to the
North burne, and goe east on the northe side of the said burne to a dyke corner at Key-hill,^ and then
turne south over the dyke in Key-hill as the way goeth to the glades to the marche stones there, and soe
along as a lane goeth to the north nooke of Leyng lands dyke (having one raike for cattell without) to the
south side of the west raynes, and soe to the south end of Pringles-letch, and soe from thence upp the
south side of Whitakers, and then south the nether end of Dayndes-fiatt, and soe to a water gappe a little
by the south of Naylei--gate, and soe upp along as the way goeth to the rough dyke end, and from thence
along even as the way goeth to the south burne to West Chevington-hagge dike, and then upp the hagge
dike to the Shawe-dike, and from thence even as the dike goeth unto the parke pale, and soe from thence
downe the said pale to Braunshauj^h-banke end, where w-ee begunne.'
No traces exist, nor have any objects been found (so far as is known),
of the prehistoric inhabitants of Acklington, though a reminder of early
' '.-\cklington is said to mean the mark inhabited by the Aeclingas.' Keinble, Saxons in EngLuul,\. p. 436.
■^ The Census Returns are : 1801,257; 1811,249; 1821,269; 1831,285; 1841,301; 1851,284; 1861,355;
1871, 258; 1881, 230; 1891, 235. ^ A field on Cavil head farm is still known by the name of the Key-hill.
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKI.lKf.ToN. 363
occupation is sui;<;csted in the name of the homestead of Chesler-ht)iise, from
which a road probably led, and has in part been traced, to Gloster-hill, near
the cstuarv of the ri\er Coqnet. The fendal history of the township has
always been included in that of the castle and barony of Warkworth, of
which barony it is a member. There are a few notices of the vill and
tenants of the thirteenth and beginning of the fourteenth century, and
from that period onward the elaborate surveys, baililfs' accounts and
receivers' accounts remaining in the muniment room of the duke of
Northumberland. yield abundant evidence oi' the relationship of the tenants
with their lord and with one another.
A full account of Acklington in the year 1248 is preserved in the
inquisition taken after the death of Roger fitz John, lord of Warkworth,' in
which it was found that there were in Aclinton twenty-one bond tenants,
each of whom held 30 acres of land, for which he rendered each year 3s. 6d.
in rent, 4 quarters of malt barley (or 9s. at the lord's option); for stallage 2d. ;
for the keep of the lord's draught horses and cattle (averiorum) 3d. ; and a fowl
(or id.) to be paid at Christmas ; every week he laboured for three davs
(unless a feast intervened;, or in lieu he paid, at the lord's option, 5s. ; in
autumn he reaped the lord's corn for five days with two men (on three of
the days the lord providing the food, on the other days he provided it
himself) ; the value of this service was 6|d. He was bound to carry to the
castle of Warkworth a load of firewood from Acklington, or give id. in lieu
of the same. The value of the rents and services of the twenty-one tenants
was ;^19 IIS. 3|d. a year. The tenants held a meadow called Rumedu, for
which they paid 5s. a year. Robert Annig held 3 acres of land, and rendered
for the same a quarter of malt barley of the old measure ; and Roger
Wansbe, by charter, held for the term of his life 20 acres of demesne land
for keeping the park, and also 4 acres for which he gave 2s. 6d. a year for
all services.
There were also ten farmers who held 168 acres of land, and rendered
75s. I id. a year, and each made forty works with a man a day (the lord
providing food on four of the days), which, besides food, were worth 25s. a
year. There were also two cottars, who held 5 acres and rendered 2s. yd. for
rent and made works of the value of 5s. William, the smith, for making the
iron of Warkworth and shoeing the horses, held 9 acres of land.
' Inq. p.m. Roger filii Joh. ^2i Hen. III. Arch. Ael. 410 series, iii. p. 98.
364
WARKWORTH PARISH.
At the Norlluimberlaiid assizes of 1256, Roger, son of Thomas of
Esingwatid, pleaded guihyto the charge of stealing clothes (pannos) from the
house of Robert, the son of Henrv, in the vill of Aklinton. Evidence was
given that he had fled to Bolani, and taken refuge in the church there ; he
abjured the realm.' There were fourteen tenants assessed to the subsidv of
1296.
Aclinc;to.\ Sur.snjv Roll, 1296.
I s. d. 5. d.
Summa bonoruni L-'lliiig filii Willeliiii...
„ Agnetis vidiiae
„ Hugonis messanger...
„ Rogcri molcndinarii...
„ Tyocke viduae
„ Ramilplii praepositi ...
,, Thoinae Scot...
„ Willelmi de Fclton ... ... _
„ Willelmi filii Roberli
„ Rogeii caietaiii
„ Roberti ad portam ...
,, Roberti filii Gilberti...
„ Hugonis stodherd ...
H. Payn
Summa hujus villae, ^12 los. 5d. Unde domino regi, 22s. t^jd.
In 1309 there were in Aclington fortv-seven bond tenants, each of whom
held a messuage and i8 acres of land, and paid gs. ; the total, £21 3s.
There was a dovecote worth 3s., and a windmill worth ^.5 6s. 8d." Three
years later, fourteen tenants were assessed at ^17 9s. lod. for a subsidy.
Akemnton Subsidy Roll, 1312.
0
12
9 undc regi
I
2
0
•4
'
I
,1
J4
0
I
■4
I
5
10
I
3l
Hi
0
'5
3
I
4l
0
'5
6
I
5
I
0
3
I
10
I
->
4
-y
ok
0
14
7
I
4
I
4
8
0
2i
I
6
I
->
4i
0
'9
10
I
9l
0
17
6
I
7
0
"
4
'
o\
I
s.
d.
s.
d.
Summa bonorum Radulphi iilii Roberti
3
0
0 unde regi
6
0
Thomae Scot
10
4
3
oi
Roberti ad portam ...
I
16
0
3
7i
Hutredi
I
19
4
3
■■i
Ranulphi filii Thomae
I
12
0
3
2*
Vymarce viduae
0
12
0
I
2*
Rogeri filii Willelmi...
I
3
6
2
4i
Willelnii King
0
17
0
I
8i
Adae filii Ricardi
0
18
4
1
10
Willelmi de Felton ...
1
I
8
2
2
Willelnii stoker
0
11
0
I
■i
Rogeri carter
0
•7
4
I
9
Rogeri filii Willelmi...
0
19
4
I
iiA
.\dae de Wyndegatis
0
12
0
I
4
Totius villae de Akelinton, £
7 9s. lod.
Undc
reg
'. 35S.
Id"
' Nortliuiiiherlaiui Assize Rolls, 40 Hen. III. Page, p. 97. Surtees Soc. No. 88.
^ Inq. p.m. Rob. fil Rogeri, 3 Edw. III. No. 55. Arch. A el. 4to series, iii. p. 104.
TOWNSHir OF ACKI.INGTON. 3<15
AcLYNTON Suiisinv Rom., 1336.
Thomas filius Rolierti, 6s. 8d. ; Hiiyo Wayt, 2S, ; Hu^o filiiis Rofjen, 2s. 8d. ; Kirardus filiiis Ro^rgri,
4s. 4d. ; Adam Stodhiid, 4s. 2d.; Robertus filius Willelmi, is.; Rogeius filius Raniilphi, 4s. 3d.;
Willclmus filius Ranulphi, 3s. Summa, 28s. id.
In 1352 there was at Aklviis^ton a certain capital messuage, wliich was
worth and rendered 4s. a vear ; 70 acres of demesne kuid, which were worth
and yielded 40s. ; and 7 acres of meadow, worth I4d. per acre. Of the
thirty-Kve bondage holdings, each of which contained a messuage and
16 acres of land, twenty-six paid 12s. each per annum, and the remaining
nine lav waste and uncultivated for lack of tenants,' though los. was received
for the herbage. The windmill was worth and paid 40s. a year, and the
perquisites of the halmote court were worth 3s. 2d." Sixteen years later, the
site of the manor rendered 4s. a year, the 70 acres of demesne land were let
to the tenants at will at 6d. an acre, and the 7 acres of meadow were let at
1 2d. an acre. There were twentv-six bondage holdings in the hands of
tenants at will, each of whom paid 13s. 4d. a year; and there were nine
bondage holdings which lay waste, but yielded 20s. for herbage. The
windmill rendered 30s., and the profits of the halmote court 3s. 4d.^
In 1472 thirty-five husbandlands yielded _;^'i9 3s. 2d.; a capital messuage
called the ' Hall-stede,' 8s. gd. ; the price of twenty-three (st'c) hens, from
each house whence smoke issued, one hen at id., 2s. ; giving a total sum
of £^9 13s- I id. to be accounted for.^ In 1489, 5s. 4d. was paid to the
tenants of Acklington for mowing a meadow called ' Ermet-fall ' for hay to
the lord's use for his cattle in Aklyngton park in winter after the close of
the account, 5s. 4d.^
In a survey made about the year 1498'' it was ascertained that though
there were at that time nominally thirty-five husbandlands or tenements in
Acklington there were actually but eighteen, for seventeen tenants held two
husbandlands apiece and paid 20s. a year ; and the other tenant, Thomas
Pereson, who only held one husbandland, paid los. a year. The names of
' An inroad of the Scots under Robert Brus was made about Midsummer, 1316. ' These desolations of
war increased the scarcity and dearth which Iiad arisen from a succession of destructive seasons, so that
a quarter of wheat was sold in the North of Enj,dand for forty shillings ; and the Northumbrians were
driven to the necessity of eating the flesh of dogs and horses and other unclean things.' In June, 1342,
David, king of Scotland, at the head of a numerous army entered ' England by the eastern border, wasted
and spoiled, far and wide, the counties of Northumberland and Durham.' Ridpaih, Dunici- History,
pp. 252, 332. -' Inq. p.m. Henry Percy 26 Edw. III. 52 a. Arch. Act. 4to series, iii. p. 108.
' Ihid. Henry de Percy 42 Edw. III. Ibid. p. iii.
' Bailiffs' Accounts, 12 Edw. IV. Duke of Northumherl.DuVs MSS. " Hiid. 5 Hen. \'ll. Ihi.t.
" Cartington's Rental, 14 Hen. \'ll. Duke of Nortliumhcrland's MSS.
366 WARKWORTH PARISH.
the seventeen tenants were : Robert and 'llionias Jainys, William Gibson,
Thomas Svmpson, William Jamvs, John Symson, John Pcreson, John
Hudson, William Patanson, Richard Wryght, Robert Jamys, Robert
Hudson, James Katerall, William Maile, William Crawcester, Hugh Jamys,
Robert Svmson, Robert Wright. Besides the holders of the thirty-five
husbandlands, there were eight cottage-tenants or cottars, who held directly
from the lord, at rents varying from is. to 8s. gd. a year. There was a
system of suretyship common to both classes of tenants ; the tenants paid
twentv-four rent hens ; and the sum of the rents was /. 19 13s. i id. a year.
In 'a description and gross valuation of all the castles, rents, and farms . . . conveyed to King
Henry VIII. by the earl of Nortlumibcrland,' it is noted that 'in the lordesliippe of Acklyngton ben ij
lytell woodes, one called Shevley and another Whorlecharlc,' both conteyneny; x acres, wherof the under-
wood ys estemyd to the valewe of x''.' And there is in the same 'of okes for tyniber xxx trees, valued
at lxV =
The following extracts relating to Acklington are derived from the
sixteenth-centurv bailiffs'" and receivers' accounts preserved among the
duke of Northumberland's MSS.
1526, Michaelmas. The bailiffs' account for arrears of last year, 6/;'. 8s. 8kf. : rents and farms as in
previous years payable at Martinmas and Whitsuntide, 19/1. 13s. iirf. ; new rent as in previous years as
appears by the rental, 4s. 4d. ; new rent of John Symson for farm of a brewery in the lordship leased to
him by the lord's commissioners 13 Henry \'III. for twenty years, 2s. ; increase of farm of one small
close called Kay-hill close, charged above at i6d. yearly, and leased by the lord's commissioners
9 Henry VIII. to Thomas Symson for 6s. 8d. yearly, 5s. 4d. Sum of receipts and arrears, 26/1. 14s. ^id.
.Allowances. William Gybson received by him of the rents and farms of the lordship for two years
ending at Michaelmas, 14 Henry \TI., and kept by him in the name of an annuity granted to him by the
executors of the last earl at 20s. yearly, above among arrears 40s. Edward Radclyffe, late constable of-
Warkworth castle, received by William Male, provost, 17 Henry VII., beyond his fee of 10 marks yearly
17s. lid. William Male, grieve, 21 Henry VII., for his arrears, 50s. gjd. Christopher Thrilkeld,
esquire, received of the issues of the lordship, 22 Henry VII., and claimed in part payment of 10 marks for
his fee as constable ofWarkworth castle the same year for which he did not show the lord's warrant, 20s.
1532. Increase of farm of a small close called Kyhil-close, charged above at i6d. yearly, now leased
to Thomas Symson at 6s. Sd. yearly, 5s. 4d. New rent of John Symson for farm of a brewery within the
lordship leased to him by the lord's comtnissioners in 1521 for twenty-one years at 2s. yearly, 2s.
Sum, 20/1. 5s. yd.
Allowances, etc. Delivered to Master Ingram Percy in part payment of his annuity as in carriage of
grain from .Akiington to Alnwick as appears by a bill dated 12th .A.pril, .\" 24, 4s. lod. Paid to tenants of
' Now Whirleyshaws. '"' Duke of Norlhumhcrland's MSS.
" The following is a list of the grieves or bailiffs of Acklington from whose accounts the foregoing
items have been abstracted: 1472, Robert James; 1474, William Male; 14S0, William Male; i486,
William Male; 1487, William Male; 14S9, William Male and Thomas James; 1503, Thomas Pereson ;
1506, Thomas Tumour; 1509, Thomas .Symson; 1519, James Patterson; 1523, John Robynson ;
1524, John Symson ; 1526, Thomas Symson ; 1532, Thomas Symson ; 1533, John Lawe ; I534> Thomas
Pereson ; 1537, John Harpcre ; 1541, James Robynson ; 1562, John Robinson ; 1585, Thomas Anderson ;
1587, Thomas Wright; 1588, John Robinson; 1589, William Robinson; 1590, John Sympson ; 1591,
Robert James; 1592, Roger Wymprey ; 1593, John Jackson; 1594, John Clay; 1602, William Barker.
Puke lit Nortliuinbcrhind's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKl.INT.TON.
367
Akhnyton for carrl.iyc of 17 ua^'yon loads of yrain, coin, oals, and biy, carl loads 'in slieffcs,' from
HCi'.clston to the chapel of St. Mary Mayd.dcne in Warkworth before Christmas A" 24, al Sd., as appears
by a bill written by John Williamson, clerk, controller of the household, lis. 4d.
1534. Paid to tenants of .Aklin,i,'ton for carriage of 36 bolls of coal from .'\mbell-hiigh to Belton-fcld
(3s.), and of 55 bolls of lime from Hilton to Warkworth castle, at a id. a boll (4s. yd.), "s. yd.
In 153S the township sent to the muster but one man fully equipped,
the remaining t\ventv-f()tn\ though able men, were wanting in horse and
harness.
Aci.iNcroN Mu.srKR Roi.i., 153S.'
Willme Pauttinson, horse and harncs ; John Robynson, Rye. Hordcn, John W'ryght, Thomas
.Synison, Rog. Symson, Willme Symson, Jolin Tliomeys, Robt. Symson, John Person, Willme Clay, Robl.
Hudson, Willme W'ryght, John R'lbyson, John Mantell, Rye. Herryson, John Robynson, Robt. Symson,
John Lawe, Thomas Smyth, James Paltonson, John liurstred, Joh.n Harper, Thomas W'ryght, George
Sleynson, able men wanting horse and harnes.
Eight of the able men present at the muster were living when the survey
of 1567 was made, and at least eight others were represented bv their sons or
kinsmen of the same name. This document gives not onlv the estimated
acreage of the arable, meadow, and pasture land belonging to each of the
eighteen tenants, but the e.xtent of the close or croft attached to his tene-
ment, and the fine pavable on admission or paid at the customarv periods.
Survey of Acklington Townshu', circa 1567.''
Tenants.
Messuages
Area of
Close, etc.
Holding.
Ren
.
Fine.
Robert Robinsone
A. R.
4 I
Acres.
30
s
20
d.
4
i s. d.
208
William Robinsone
I i 4 I
30
20
4
4
4
Roger Simpione
Robert James
I 140
I 6 2
30
30
20
21
4
4
3
4 .
0
) 4
Thomas Wimpray
John Urpethe
John Claye
John Pattersone
John Robinson
Robert Johnsone ..
2 0
4 0
4 0
4 0
3 2
2 0
30
^n
30
30
30
30
20
20
20
ZO
20
20
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
0
0
Robert Lawe
4 0
30
20
4
3
0
John Smithe ... ...' i
William Pawtersone ... ...' i
5 0
2 0
30
30
20
20
4
4
3
3
4
0
John Brewster ] i
4 0
30
20
4
3
0
Thomas Andersone ... ... i
2 0
30
20
4
2
4
Humphrey Harper i
Thomas Simpsone ' 1
1 0
2 0
'5
30
10
20
0
4
I c
3
> 4
0
John Wright
I
2 0
30
20
4
3
0
18
' Arch. Ael. 410 series, iv. p. 163.
"Vol. V.
- Dah- of NorthumberUiinVs MSS.
47
368
WARKWORTH PARISH.
ACKLINGTON COTTAGE TENANTS, 1 567.'
Cottages.
Thomas Lawsone
Richard Haidinye
William Wright ...
Robert Robinsone
William Simpsonc
Roger and William Simpsone
George Thewe ...
Edward Smales ...
Thomas Woompray and Robert Johnson
Acreage of
Cottages and
Close, etc.
R.
O
o
3
o
I
o
o
o
s. d.
2 O
Fine.
26
12
20
9
d.
O
O
O
O
O
O
5
6
The document from which these tables are compiled goes on to say :
Ther is a mencon of a mansion howse lyke as it hathe ben the scite of the manor nowe in the tenure
of Edward Smales and demysed by the name of a cotadge of ye yerly rent of viij*. i\".
Ther ys neather avowson nor patronage of benefice in this towne of Ackelingeton, for yt ys parccll of
the vicarage of Warkeworthe ; neather ys ther anie demeane lands or dcmaine meadowes, but all is
occupied together in husbandiie ; yer ys no comone grounde to be improved, althoughe ther ys large
comon, because of the barrenness therof, withoute greatc hurte to the tenants, which of necessatic muste
be cherished and rather helpt for service cause.
Yt is mooche convenient yt all yt parte of ye comone which is betwixte ye easte coiner of ye south-
easte ende of Ackelington parke to yc gate of ye said parke, and as ye heighe streate called Warkworthe
waye goethe wer inclosed with a stronge quicke hedge, and that the same so inclosed did lye twoo or thre
yeares in haninge," in which tyme ye tenants mighte with ther owne labor brynge ye same to a fyne grounde
or at ye leaste to arable grounde wher nowe yt ys but rotten mosse grounde, which wolde be to the tenants
in grease tyme' muche comodetie, as also to ye said parke a greate strengthe and saife garde to his
lordship's game.
And yt ys to be noted yt ye grounde called Whorle Charre,' which lycthe at ye northe eastc corner of
the said parke, enclosed on ye one syde with ye pale of the parke envyrouned on two paries wiih the
water Cokett, ys the beste and moste comodiouse parte of all the comone. The same is ahvaies eaten
with ye cattell of Braineshaughe, Guisnes, and Bernehill, and muche suffrid by licence by the said tenants,
for that yt ys fane from them yt wer good the same wer also enclosed, but that ther ys a comon waye
over at the forde of Braineshaughe which cannot be barred, or yf not, a lodge ther to be builded for the
comone servaunte dewiinge ye tyme of summer, or else a specyall respecte to be gevine unto the same or
else ye same grounde wyll doe ye saide tenants not muche profett and in tyme be a specyall cause, the
same to be improved to his lordship, which God foibyd yt sholde be so, for they maye not spare yt for
nothinge.
It wer also good that ye parcell of grounde called Cheaveley wer also enclosyd by the said tenants with
a stronge quicke-hedge and kepte severall to the use of the said tenants, onelie provyded that the cottages
had set foorthe to them suche parcell of ye said comone as wolde serve them or exlende to suche quantetie
of ye grounde so inclosed by the said tenants, which they owe to have as apperteaninge to ye cottagers,
and yt they mighte lykewyse inclose ye same yt wer to them all a greate comodelie as also a greate
strengthe to his lordship's game.
' Clarkson's Survey, 1567 ; Diike 0/ Northtiinbcrhtid's MSS.
- Hained = kept back from pasture. Heslop, Not-thumhcrland Words.
' The season of the hart and buck called grease time, because that was the season \\ hen they were fat
and fit for killing. Halhiock's Dictionary, s.v. grease.
< A small farmstead is still called Whirley-shaws.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKI.INGTON.
369
This towae ys nut to be devyJeil othci-waycs than yt ys nowe piesenllie, lor (Iku yc inc(|u.ililic of ye
goodncs of the grounde as also ye scyte of the lownc, which ys yn all respcctes scyliiatcd for ye most
comodetie to all the said inhabitaiints. Neverthelesse yt ys muche reqiiisyte yt every Icnain and cotiger
had sett foorthe to him such quantilie of grounde adjoyning nnto liis tenement or cottage as wolde fall by
equall porcion nnto them and everie of them and everie tenant or cntlinger to inclose his crofte from the
other with one strongc dyke quickc sett as before ys menconed. Provyded also ther in bothe sydes of ye
said towne ther be rcmaninge suche accustomed loninge and cnmone passadge, the same not to be
straitened, as at this present are on bothe sydes of the said towne for ye occupacon in maneteaninge and
tyllage of ye said grounde as well erable as medowe and pastor.'
A survey made about the vear 1585 is still richer iu detail than that
made in 1567 :
ACKLINGTON, 1 585."
Husband-
1
Tctiants at Will.
Former Ten.int.
lands
con-
Rent.
Fine,
15S5.
taining
Acres.
s.
d.
£ s.
John Robinson ...
Previously held
I messuage
I croft and 6
30
20
4 5 0 1
by Robert, his
selions of arable
father
land of 4 a. i r.
William Robinson
I messuage
I croft and 6
selions of arable
land of 4 a. I r.
30
20
4
5 0
■'•John Simpson
Roger, his father
I messuage and garden
I croft of 2 a. and
3 selions of land
of 2 a.
30
20
4
5 0
1 Robert James
Himself
I messuage
I croft of 4I a.
and croft of 2 a.
30
20
4
5 0
Roger Womprey...
Thomas Wom-
prey, formerly
Robert Simpson
I messuage and garden
I croft of 2 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
Jcihn Jackson
John Urpeth,
formerly Thomas
Womprey
I messuage and garden
I croft of 4 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
John Clay
—
I messuage and garden
I croft of 4 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
Thomas Clarke ...
John Patterson...
I messuage and garden
I croft of 4 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
Thomas Robinson
John, his father
I messuage and garden
I tenement and garden
I croft of 2 a., I
close of i a., i
croft of I a. i r.
30
20
4
5 0
Robert Turner ...
Robert Johnson
I messuage and garden
I croft of 2 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
Thomas Hoppyii...
Robert Lawe ...
I messuage and garden
I croft of 4 a. ...
30
20
4
S 0
*John Smith
Himself
I messuage and gaiden
2 crofts of 5 a. . . .
30
20
4
5 0
The widow of John
William Pawter-
I messuage and garden
I croft of 2 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
Pawterson
son
John Brewster
Himself
I messuage and garden
I toft and garden
2 crofts of 4 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
Thomas Anderson
Himself...
I messuage and garden
I croft of 2i a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
Thomas Sharp ...
i
Humphrey, his
father
I messuage and garden
1 croft of I a. ...
■5i
10
0
2 10
; Thomas Simpson...
—
I messuage and garden
I croft of 2 a. . . .
30
20
4
5 0
Thomas Wright ...
John, his father...
I messuage and garden
1 croft of 2 a. ...
30
20
4
5 0
i » A
1
Iso held a cottage with
garden. f Also a cottag£
with garden, and toft
with garde
n.
' Clarkson's Survey, circa 1567 ; Duke of Northumberland's ilSS.
- Duke of Nurthuinberlaiui's MSS.
c/^
\V A R K \V O K r H PARISH.
Thf. Smai.i.kk ok Cottage Tenants' of Acki.ington in 15S5.-
Tholn.^sLnwson^.. i cotlajje ...
Willi.iiTi .Anderson
I cottage «ilh gar-
den of i r.
Robert Robinson,
son of Robert
The widow of John^
Waud
John Simpson and
the widow (if John
Waud
George The we ...
Edward Smales ...
I coitnge with gar-
den of i r.
I cottage with 1
garden of i r.
I cottage with gai
den of I r.
I cottage ...
Widow Har/son...
I croft of I a
A moiety of a croft,
called 'le Hole,' of
ihn.
I close, called ' Green
garih,' of I r.
.■\ moiety of a croft,
called Me Hole,' of
lia.
I close, called ' Hovvy's
close,' of 6 a.
1 parcel of meadow,
called ' L a m b e
meadow ' of 2 a.
I toft
Rent
s. d.
Fine,
1385.
i s.
With land in com-
2
0
0 10
mon fields
With land in com-
6
8
2 0
mon fields
I a. of arable land
4
0
I 0
in the common
fields, etc.
2 a. of land in the
8
0
2 0
common fitlds,
etc.
Arable land.
6
8
' Nil quia
ineadow, and
pauper'
pasture
C 0 m m on of
3
0
0 15
pasture, etc.
2 a. of arable land
8
9
2 0
in the common
field, etc.
8 selions of arable
5
8
' Nil quia
land in the fields
pauper '
of 3 a.
At a muster of the Middle Marches taken by Sir John Forster at the
Moot-law on the 26th of March, 1580, Acklington town was represented by
only one able horseman ;' but at a muster of light horsemen at Abberwick-
edge on the 24th of November, 1595, there were present eleven footmen.
.Aklinton Muster Roi.l, 1595.'
Jo. Robinson, William Robinson, Jo. Anderson, Robert James, Jo. Clay, Jo. Lawson, and Thomas
Robinson, armed with spears and defensive armour. Jo. Righ, furnished with petronell. Tho. Anderson,
Rob. Robinson, and Tho. Wright, furnished with spears.
At a meeting of the gentlemen of Morpeth ward held at Morpeth in
November, 1597, it was agreed that in respect of the outrages by 'our home
theaves on the forraine borderers' that the ' plump watche ' should be kept in
seven places by the gentlemen of the ward. The appointed place of the
bailiff of Chevintjton was at the 'Flower of Chevelev.'"
' Each cottager held common of pasture. " Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' 1586, 25th February. Will of Thomas Lawson of AUIinton, yeoman; to be buried in the parish
church of Warkworth. John Lawson, my son. Raine, T<st. Duiielm.
' Cell. Bur.hr Papers, Bain, i. p. 20. ^ Ihicl. ii. p. 74. " Ibiii. p. 452.
■rowxsiiir of acklikopon.
:>/
As has been already observed, the rental of 1498 assumes the existence
of thirty-five husbandlands in the township, though there were but eighteen
tenants. This statement is the only record that has survived of an earlier
stage in which, probably for military purposes, a larger number of holdings
had been created than the land was able to maintain ; a condition which had
been reformed by the lord here, as at High Buston, by reducing the number
of holdings bv one-half, with the result that each tenant, save one, possessed
two holdings. The surveys of 1567 and 15S5 show the same number of
seventeen (practically) co-equal tenements and one of half the extent and
value. But all the surveys already quoted yield in interest to that of 161 6,
so rich is it in minuteness ; each plot, each strip and balk in every field is
measured and shown, whether in meadow, pasture, or arable land ; so, also,
is the area of each tenant's house and garth.
'A Collection, what Nuaiber of Ackes every Tenant in Acklincion holdeth, particulerlv
WITHIN THE SAID TOWNE ANO THE TERRITORIES THEREOF BELONGING TO THEIR SEVERAL
Tenements and Cottages' in 1616.'
^ a
(^ V
Name of Tenant.
°S
0 <u
an
nement
d Garth.
0 a£
0 S
Cottage, etc.
Meadow, etc.
a
able.
Total.
^5
a.
R. P.
A. R. P.
A.
R. P.
A.
R. P.
A.
R. P.
Humphrey Barker ...
0
I 16 -[
I
I
0 I 18
0 I 10
0
T
3 oi)
0 8 1
42
I Hi
45
0 23}
William Clay
0
I 23
—
I
3 5
38
2 25
40
3 isi
Martin Smart
0
I 16
—
—
I
3 5
33
2 25
35
3 6f
0 38J
2 36^
John James ...
I
I oh
—
—
I
3 15,
4'
0 23
44
Lawrence Rishfoitli
0
I 7
—
I
3 9h
40
2 20
42
John Smith
0
I 5*
I
0 0 24i
I
3 4l
40
2 20
42
3 'if
Robert Robinson
I
0 12
—
—
I
I 333
jb
3 21
39
r 26I
I 23I
John Robinson
I
I 16
—
—
I
3 20I
39
0 27
42
William Lee
0
I 26
I
0 I 0
o
0 I
40
I 20
43
0 7
Robert Wompery ...
0
0 35
I
0 I 8
I
^ 5.,
41
3 16
44
0 24
George Himter [pas-
ture, 15 a. 2r. i6jp.]
0
3 18
I
0 I 0
4
3 i8i
42
0 343
63
3 7i
Thomas .\nderson ...
0
3 37
I
0 I 20
I
2 285
39
3 26-i
0 7J
42
3 31I
Thomas Wright
I
0
I 28
I
020
I
2 24i
41
43
2 igi
Thomas Horsley
I
0
I 12
—
—
I
2 35
39
2 9
41
2 16
Thomas Harper
0
I 12
—
—
0
3 36
23
2 21
24
3 29
Henry Johnson
0
I 18
I
0 2 22
I
2 141
2 lOj
40
0 3
42
2 I7i
Robert James
0
3 6
I
0 3 26
I
38
■ 35
4'
2 i7j
John Robinson,junior
0 I 30
Some of a
I
cres of
028
all the tenem
I
ents
2 29,
with the
36 2 35i
:ottages and
39
I 22f
iS
lands a
foresai
d
764
1 2li'
Mayson's Survey, 1616 ; Duke of Nui-thiimbiyliVul'i MSS. (Fractions below ] perch omitted.;
372
WARKWORTH PARISH.
CorrAGES IN AcKi.rN<;roN, 1616.'
Namu of Tenanl.
Robert Taylor
John Wand
John Cliecvcs
John Sniales
Thomas Robinson
Roger Womperey
George Thew
CotUKe
and Garlh.
Land ill ilic
Fields.
Roui<h
Mraditw.
Lninli-close
A. K. r.
0 3 30
Total.
A. R. P.
0 1 7
0 0 12
0 0 12
1 1 36*
0 0 22
0 0 22
0 I oi
A. R. P.
7 0 g
6 3 8!
7 0 i6|
7 2 25
10 I 8^
. 0.3
A. R. P.
0 I 20
A.
7
6
7
9
II
0
R. P.
I 16
3 20
0 28.
0 2|J,
3 oJ
0 22
' '3A
43
3 i^
The commons there bee great and lardge but somewhat barren, and part thereof may bee inclosed as
well for the benefitt of the tenants as proffit to the lord, as the pasture ground called Whorlton Carre,
lying at the north-east corner of Acklington parke. A parcell of ground called Cheyfley and a parcell of
rotton mossie ground lying betwixt the east corner of the south-east end of the same parke to the paike
gate, and as the high street called Warkworth way goeth, for that they bee cyther eaten with the cattell of
other townes or else to little or noe commoditie for his lordship's tenants."
The acreage of Acklington and Acklington
park in 161 6 was stated
to be
A.
R. P.
764
. 2I|
43
3 'i
1,169
0 24J
714
0 36
The lands held by i» tenants ...
Do. 7 cottage holders
The common pasture and wastes
Acklington park ...
2,691 2 4
A comparison of the hist tables with those of the earlier surveys will
show ' that the differences in the size of the holdings, when measured, was
much greater than was imagined lo be when the survey was made only by
the eye.'*
Before the end of the seventeenth centurv an important modification
had taken place ; for, though the survey of 1702 shows that the number of
farms was maintained at seventeen and a half, besides the cottars' lands, the
township had been divided into the 'north side,' which comprised eight and
a half farms, and the 'south side,' which comprised nine farms. This survey
notes that :
This towne of Acklington consisteth in seventeen farmes and a halfe, besides severall coatlands,
there farmes are lately divided ; they have a coale myne in their grounds, but noe lymestone
but what they fetch five myles off; there houses are all in good repaire, and there tenements are worth
about ^25 per annum, being improved . . . the south parte of this towne is better by 20s. per annum
then the north syde.
' Diikt- of Norllnimberlaitd's MSS. ' Ibid. ' Ibid. (Fractions below \ perch omitted.)
' Earl Percy, The Ancient Farms of Northumberland. Arch. Acl. .wii. p. 10.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKT.IN'OTON.
373
ArKi.iNOTON, Tenants at Will, 1702.'
Tenants at Will.
Tenements.
Date of
Lease.
Rent.
Rack.
South side :
c
s.
d.
Thomas Harper, late Roliinson
—
4
0
0
25 0
WilHaiii Lee, late Robinson
—
4
0
0
25 0
William Lee, late John Lee
—
4
0
0
25 0
Robert Smart, late Robert Smart
—
.3
6
S
25 0
Executors of William Clay...
—
3
6
8
25 0
Philip Womphrey
—
3
I
0
25 0
Thomas Janies, late John James, a cottage house and iii
riggs
—
3
10
0
25 10
Thomas and Elizabeth Taylor
1697
3
6
8
1
50 0
Elizabeth Taylor and Thomas her son
1680
3
6
8
North side :
George Robinson, late John Robinson
—
4
0
0
25 0
IVlr. Stephen Palfrey," a tenement, late Hunter's,
Howey's-close, and Lanib-cliisc meadow
168S
3
0
0
25 0
Thotnas Appleby
1696
4
0
0
25 0
Jane James, hue Stephen Mnschatiipes'
—
2
to
0
25 0
Thomas James, late Roger Stawpert
—
4
0
0
25 0
Thomas Anderson, late John .Anderson ...
—
4
0
0
25 0
William Horsley
1699
4
0
0
25 0
Bartholomew Wright
—
3
6
8
25 0
Philip Womphrey
"^
—
1
0
0
12 0
ACKLINGTON, COTTAGE TENANTS AT WiLL, I702.''
Tenants.
Holding.
Rent.
Rack.
i
s.
d.
r.
s. d.
Robert Smales, late Thomas Smales
A cottage
I
6
8
3
0 0
Roger Muschampe ' A collage and l.md called Lamb's land
I
0
0
3
10 0
Thomas Harper, late Simpson ' A cottage
I
0
0
0
10 0
Mabell Barker A cottage
0
13
4
I
10 0
Roger G ley ' A cottage
I
0
0
3
0 0
Thomas Wood, late Roger Taylor ...' A house and garth and four riggs
0
8
0
I
0 0
John Harkas ' A small cottage
0
9
0
0
■3 4
Stephen Palfrey, Roger Muschampe,
Stawart, etc. ... ... ... ...' For \\'holesha*>e5
2
0
0
6
0 0
' Idem tenantes inter omnes' hold a parcell of ground called Sheaveley, nuper Mr. Whitehead, att 2''.
per annum ; but, being part of the tenements aforesaid, which they could not want, it was restored.
' Mr. Henry Whitehead, the coale myne.'
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
- 1743, 13th May. Indenture tripartite between Henry Grey of Howick, esq., (i) Joseph Burrell of
Lyham, gent., sole e.xecutor of the will of John Palfrey of Lyham, gent., deceased (2) ; Thomas Clennel
of Newcastle, esq. (3) A mortgage of lands in Acklinglon described Howy's-close and Lamb's-mead, held
under a twenty-one years' lease, dated 2nd April, 1730, from Charles, duke of Somerset, to the said John
Palfiey, at the annual rent of ^3, which lands were formerly in the occupation of Joseph Palfrey, father of
the said John ; which lease was, 2gth September, 1733, assigned to Henry Grey as security inter uHa for
;f 1,000. The mortgage is now assigned by (irey to Clennel to secure ^700 advanced by him to liuncll.
Rev. John Hodgson's Collection. Warkzcorth Guard Book.
' 1666, 23rd January : Inventory of Edward Muschamp of Acklington : Jane, his widow, gives up her
right of administration to Robert Muschamp for her own use. 1682, ist June: Inventory of Robert
Muschamp of .A.cklington : .Administration granted to Stephen and Isabel Muschons, joint administrators.
1713, 17th February ; Will of Isabel Muschamp of .Akelington, spinster {sic), to be buried in the church
of Waikworth. To my grandsons William and Robert James, to my grand-daughter Mary Janies, my
daughter Jane James. My grandson John James, my farm; he executor. Ptoved, 1713. Raine, Test.
Dunclin. ' Duke oj Northumberland's MSS.
27^ WARKWORTH PARISH.
'Tlic nine farms on the soulli svde' have the Coal-clobC and the west of the Co ulands, which are
inlcniiixetl, 1,059 acres 3 roods 30} pcrclies ; which doth reach to each farmc 1 14 acres o roods 3 perches.
'The cIhIii farms and a half have the Hunter-coat closes, the other two coat closes, the rest of the
coatlands, which are intermixed in the infield lands or. the north syde ; 889 acres 1 rood 7 perches, which
doth reach for each farmc loi acres, and for tlic lialfe fanne 50 acres 2 roods.'
Warburton, writing about the year 1715, describes Acklington as
'a laro-e village,' and speaks of a colliery in the township. The following
inventory from the registry at Diuhain affords a view of the agricultural and
household possessions of a tenant of the period :
1700, 5tli April. Inventory of the goods, movable and immovable, of Margaret Cl.ay of Ackhngton.
Imprimis : 4 oxen, ;{" 10 ; 6 kine, £16 ; 3 biill'd quies, £7 ; 3 unbull'd quies, £4 ; 2 stears, £3 ; 2 year-
olds, £1 los. ; I year-old, 15s. ; 2 mares, ;^5 ; 2 swine, £1 8s. ; 20 cws and 15 lambs, £7 6s. ; 6 sheep
Ik'oS, £1 4s. ; all ye implyments of husbandry, valued to ^3 (viz., i pair of wheels, i long wayn, i short
wayn, 4 yokes, i soame, a pair of horse gear, i horse harrow, i ox harrow, plow and irons, 2 bolts and
shekles) ; bigg unsold, valued to £3 6s. 8d. ; pees unsold, valued to i6s. ; wheat sown, valued to £s 8s. ;
rie sown, valued to ^^i ; oats sown, valued to £7 ; pees sown, valued to ^i ; bigg sown, valued to £4 ; 10
bonds from Ed. Hutton, at £3 15s. per bond, ^^37 los. ; William Lee, indebted £5 i8s. 6d. ; George Hair,
indebted £2 2s. 5d. ; Roger Gray, indebted £1 ; Thomas .Applebec, indebted 17s. ; Mrs. Watson of
Morpeth, indebted ^3 is. 4d. ; household stuft', apprised to /15.'- Totall, /;i46 2s. i id.
During the seventeenth century the old system of holding land by copy
of court roll was discontinued, and was replaced bv the system of leases for a
term of years. Under the former, the tenant paid an inelastic and generally
inconsiderable yearly rent, and on admittance, change of tenancy, and at
customary periods, a not inconsiderable fine ; the onus of repairs and
improvements falling upon hiiu. The newer or reformed system retained
for a time the practice of paying a fine or valuable consideration for the
granting of the lease with a low yearly rent, but permitted the re-adjustment
of boundaries and the re-grouping of holdings, whilst the burden of the- cost
of buildings, etc., was shifted from the tenant to the landlord.
1 Duke of Northumherlami's MSS.
■ Household plenishings : 2 cupboards, 2 table?, 3 chares, 3 joynt stooles, 4 bedsteads, 5 chests,
2 feather beds, 2 other beds, 3 suits of curtains, 2 rugs, 2 coverlelts, 5 blankelts, 4 pair of linen sheats,
7 pair of course sheats, I odd, 4 long bolsters, 6 short bolsters (all these stuft with fealheis), 7 happens,
1 diper table cloth, a duzen of diper napkins, i plain table cloth, 6 ci urse napk'ns, I duzen of hug'gaback
napkins, 9 pewter dishes, 6 pewter plates, 6 pewter porringers, 3 peuter candlesticks, 2 pewter tankets,
1 pewter flaggon, 2 peuter cupps, I pewter quart, I pewter chamber pott, 2 pewter salts, one duzen and i
spoons, 4 cheany dishes, 6 cheany plates, 3 cheany porringers, a dropping pan, a bason, i pair of beaf
forks, I pair of winters, i pair of toasting irons, li duzen of trenchers, 2 kettles, 2 iron potts, i yettling,
2 panns, i frying pan, 6 milch bowlls, 3 milck tubs, i cheese tub, 4 pitchers, 6 cheese fatts, 2 chirns,
2 wasliing tubs, 6 other tubs, 4 stands, i pair of silk timses, 2 pair of hair timses, a pair of linn window
curtains, a woollen wheel, a pair of woolen cards, a lint wheel, a p.tir of tow cards, I small heckle,
5 wallets, a winnowing cloth, a hedging spade, I ax, 2 hows, i lyme'tone hamer, 3 pitch forks, 3 pair of
wayn blades unmade, 4 pair of new stings, 5 axle trees, 3 dormins, 4 couple of ciles, 2 plow beams,
2 square plow beams, 2 pieces of oak, 4 square sticks two yards long, 12 fellycs, 2 sticks for four wain
heads, j wayn unmade out, 13 pieces of oak and ash, 4 wain busks, i bee hyve, I muck how; 20 futher of
Ivrvicstones, to be led for the use of the heiress. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection,
TOWNSHIP OF ACKLINGTGK.
375
APPLEBY OF ACKI.INGTON, STURTON GRANGE EAS'l
LOW BUSTON.
John ArrLEiiV of Acklington ; buried 8ih May, 1696 (a) = ...
Thomas Appleby of AcklingLon ; 1st Dec, 1696, took a new lease of the
lands formerly held by his father (*). ; buried 1st May, 1717 (a).
'FIELP, AND
John .'\ppleby of Ack-
lington, baptised 2 1st
Oct., 1694 (rt) ; 2oih
Jan., 171S-19, look a
lease of lands, and
renewed the same,
loth Oct , 1738 (<■) ;
buried 17th Dec,
1768 («).
Thomas =
.'\ppleby,
baptised
17th
Oct.,
1699
Margai'eL
Buston of
VVliiule;
married
25lh June,
1719 (/();
buried
1 7th Sept.,
1766 (a).
Thomas Appleby of Ackling-
ton, afterwaids of Sturton
Grange Easlfield, where
he died, 23rd Sept., 1790,
aged 67 (o) (^).
Margaret, daus:hter
of [?Kdward]
Blown of East
Chevington
[.' bajjtised 22nd
March, 1697,8
((?)] ; mar. 23rd
June, 1723 (a).
I I I I I I I
hour other sons.
Tliree daughters.
Isabella [? daughter of ...
Brown of Chevington] ;
died at Eastfreld, 7th
Dec, 1787, aged 57 («)
Edward Ap])leby
=
Isabella
of /\cklington.
1
Miller
baptised 7th
of
Sept., 171 1
Brink.
(a) ; buried
burn
2nd March,
('/).
1769 (r;).
. . Appleby.
-^
From whom
Aiiplcby
of Earsdon
hil
and
Causey park bridge.
Nicholas A])]ileby of Sturton Grange Eastfreld ; born at
Acklington, baptised 5th Aug., 1755 («) ; purchased
Earsdon hill and Buston Barns ; died at Eastfield,
iSth May, 1828, aged 72 (/<), a bachelor and intes-
tate ; administration to his personal estate, 17th June,
1828, granted to his sister (/).
1 I I
Sons and daiii
ters ; die^
infancy.
I
gh- Margaret Appleby, bajnised 29th May,
1766 (3) ; sole heiress to her brother ;
died at Eastfield, nth July, 1830,
aged 64 (.i) ; will dated 23rd Oct.,
1828 ; proved at Durham, 1830 (/).
John Appleby of = Mary ..
Rock " " Moor-
house, bap. 1st
July, 1 73 1 («);
died at Ack-
lington High
park, i6thMar.,
1817, aged 87
died 17th
June,
1802,
aged 67
(A).
I
Robert Appleby
of Cavil-head,
baj^tised 1st
July, 1736 («);
died 26thjan.,
179S, aged 63
Isabel, sister and co-
heiress of Thomas
Potts of Tritling-
ton and Morpeth ;
married 28th May,
1765 (rf) ; died
22nd Feb., iSii,
aged 74 (ci).
Ill I
Other Margaret, baptised 7th Se])t., 1726
chil- (a); married ist May, 1744,
dren. Ralph Shell of Woodhorn («).
Their son, Burlinson Shell, sold
his estate at Woodhorn in 1779.
to the Rev. R. D. Waddilove,
and died at Warkworth, 6th
Sept., 1826, aged 80 (/;).
Catherine = John Appleby
Summers of Wark-
'^ worth East-
demesne ;
died 26th
Mar., 1S34,
aged 84 ((i).
of the
parish of
Hamburgh ;
married
5th Dec,
1770 C«).
Ellen Em- Robert Appleby of Crag-
bleton ; don park, Kirkwhelp-
died 26th ington, afterwards of
Dec, 1841, Helm-on-the-hill; mar-
aged 85 ried at Kirkwhelping-
(I'O- ton, 27th June, 1803,
Elizabeth Robson of
West H arle (c).
William Appleby of = Ann Bell,
Acklington High a native of
paik, baptised at the parish of
Rock, 22nd July, Rothbury ;
1774 ; died 15th died 24th
June, 1853, aged Aug., i860,
79 ('')• ^ged 70 (/O-
Elizabeth ; married at Embleton, 7th Aug., 1783, John Spraggon of Buston Barns, and died 30th Sept., 1821, aged 61 (i5).
Margaret ; married George Taylor of Eshott Brocks, and died 15th Sept., 1852, aged 91 ((5).
Mary ; married at Kirkwhelpington, 27th June, 1S03, Joseph Robson of Edge-house, near Chollerton (c).
John Appleby of Low Buston, =
born at Cavil-head ; bap-
tised nth Feb, 1768(a) ;
died s./>. 17th March, 1838,
aged 70 (/') ; will dated
4th Sept., 1829; proved
at Durham (^).
(^/) Wai iwor/Zi Re^i^ter.
(/;) M.I., Warkworth.
I I
Ann, daughter of Richard Hodgson
of Cowpen and Plessey ; married
at Horton chapel, 19th June,
1817 ; died at Low Buston, 23rd
May, 1879, aged 88 {K) ; will
dated 24th Feb., 1879; proved
at Newcastle same year {g).
(it) Fflinn Register,
(c) Enrolment of Leases, Duke of
(r.) Newc<islle Courant, 2nd July, 1 803. Nor thumher land's MSS.
1647, 2nd June. William Brown and Mary Appleby of Warkworth parish married.
Vol. V.
Robert, baptised 25th Aug., 1777
(n) ; drowned in river Aln,
I2th Nov., 1806, aged 26 (//).
George Appleby of Tritlington,
born at Cavil-head ; baptised
20th Aug., 1781 («) ; died i6th
Oct., 1856 Cf).
I I li ,
Four daugh-
ters.
4-
(/) Eastfield Deeds.
(^) Low Buston Deeds,
ill) Shillioltle Register,
Wcodlwrn Register.
48
^y6 WAKKWORTIl PARISH.
At the end of the eighteenth century there were eleven tenants, wlio,
with the cottars, held the ancient farms amongst them in the following
proportion :
TiiF. Township of Acki.inciox, i8 Farms.'
William Harper, 4 farms ; Henry Grey, 3 farms ; Thomas Appleby, 2 farms ; John Womphry,
lit farms ; Mrs. Grumble, 1 farm ; John Henderson, I farm ; George Robinson, 1 farm ; Thomas .Ander-
son, 1 fii'rm ; Henry Horsley, i farm ; John Appleby, 1 farm ; Field-house, 1 farm ; Coatlands, I farm.
Total number of farms in Acklington, 18.
At a later time these ancient holdings became grouped into the farms
called or known as Chester-house, Cavil-head, Whirleshaws, Field-house, the
Town-farm, Coal-houses, and Chievely.
The hamlet of Acklington, which stands in the midst of the township,
long bore an unenviable reputation in the parish and neighbourhood for the
deahngs of certain of its inhabitants in the magic arts. Stories still linger of
their belief in, and practice of, that species of witchcraft termed invultation,
bv which the life, death, or suffering of an enemy was attempted by means
of a fioure in which pins were stuck, or which was roasted ' before a fire at
nioht within barred doors and closed and darkened window."'
The townships of Acklington and Acklington park were, by an Order
in Council, severed from the parish of Warkworth in 1859,' and, together
with the e.\tra-parochial chapelry of Brainshaugh or Guyzance, were con-
stituted an ecclesiastical parish or district, the advowson of which church
or the presentation of its minister or perpetual curate was vested in the
duke of Northumberland, the sole owner of both of the townships and the
owner of a considerable portion of the chapelry. A chapel dedicated to
St. John, now the parish church of the new district, was built in 1S61
from designs by Mr. James Deason. The benefice is endowed with a
parsonage house and with the great tithes of the township of Acklington,
parcel of the rectory of Warkworth.
Incumbents.
i860. Henry E. Miles, M.A., of Magdalen college, Cambridge, previously incumbent of Rock and
Rennington, and subsequently rector of Huntley, Gloucester.
1866. George Selby Thompson, M..'\. (son of Charles Thompson, sometime curate of Howick), died
29th July, 1886, aged 77 ; buried at Howick.
1886. Williain Rudge, ordered deacon and licensed to curacy of Higham Ferrers, 1S74. Incumbent
of Lucker, 1883- 1886.
' Warkworth Parish Clerk's Book.
- Cf. Kemble, Saxons in England, i. pp. 431-2. Atkinson, Forty Years in a Moorland Parish.
» l^ondon Gazette, 30th September, 1859.
ysff.sr
S O VTH
TOWNSHIP OF ACKLINGTON PARK. 377
TOWNSHIP OF ACKLINGTON PAKK.
The township of Acklington park has an area of 794 acres and a frontage
upon the right bank of the Coquet of nearly two miles and a lialf. At the
census of 1891 there was a population of 76.'
The park has been from a very early period attached to the castle of
Warkworth, and it is possible that it may in part represent the lord's
demesne land within the lordship of Acklington. So far as has been
discovered, it is first mentioned in the year 1248, when it is described as a
' park having a circuit of four leagues (leucae),- in which are at this tune,
according to estimation, seven score beasts, to wit, young stags and fawns ;
but no buck (damns) is to be found there ; and there are seven or eight
hinds (bisce) and one hart (cervus) of two or three years of age. There
are, besides, two little woods, the herbage of which is common pasture to the
vill of Aclintone.' The tenants of Acklington were entitled to housebote
and haibote, to be delivered to them by the forester.^
In 1309 the park was found to contain nothing except wild animals, and
its herbage, besides the sustenance of the wild animals and the keeping of the
enclosure (custus clausturae ejusdem parci), was worth 20s.' In 1352 the
herbage was w^orth 30s. a year,'* but sixteen years later it was only worth
13s. 4d.«
At the end of the fifteenth century there is mentioned a close 'juxta
Aclyngton park' called 'heremyt fall,'" for which, about the year 1499, James
Katerall paid a rent of 6s. 8d. a year, his sureties being John Brockett and
Robert Cravvcester of Guysyns.** Caterall was the ' parker ' or park keeper,
and as such w^as paid a wage or fee of 60s. 8d.
' The Census Returns are : i8oi, 108 ; 1811,125; 1821,125; 1831,107; 1841,133; 1851,104; 1861,
163 ; 1871, 120 ; 1881, 142 ; 1891, 76.
- Owing to the windings of the boundaries, AckHngton park is now more than live miles in
circumference.
^ /«(/. p.m. Roger fil. John, 33 Elen. III. No. 65. Arch. Ael. 4to series, iii. p. 98.
■* /hi/, p.m. Robt. fil. Roger, 3 Edw. II. No. 55. Ibitl. p. 105.
•'' Iiiq. p.m. Henry Percy, 26 Edw. 111. No. 52 a. Ibid. p. 108.
" Inq. p.m. Henry Percy, 42 Edw. III. No. 48. Ibui. p. 1 11.
' ' Fall ' = /rtW ; the Northumbrian form of fold or enclosure for sheep, etc. This close may have
belonged to the chapel of St. Mary Magdalen at Warkworth. 1438-39. Werkuorth, 26s. Sil; de Com.
Northumbr. pro ferma capelle B. Mar. Magd. et pro 120 acr. ten. arab. et pro prato quod vocatur
Braynly infra parcum de Aklynton ut patet per cartam Joh. fil. Roberti ; summa, zbs. 8d. Durham
Account Rolls, Fowler, i. p. 63. Surtees Soc. No. 99. C/. p. 123 supra.
" Cartington's Rental. Duke of Norlhitmhcrlaini's MSS.
37^ WARKWORTH PARISH.
1472. Account of the vicar of W.iikeworth, fanner' of Aklyngton park for the year ending 29th
September. .Arrears, nil. Farm of the park leased to tlic accountant for seven years, of which this year is
the sixth, 66s. Sd. Farm of 7 acres of meadow within the park called ' Hermct-faU' held by the accountant,
6s. Sd. Xo sale of 'topp et cropp' of trees cut down for palings, and rails. Received from the grieve of
Aklyngton for full payment 'stipendiorum diversorum operariorum super clausura predicti parci,' 20s. q|d.
Sum, £4 14s. lid. Of which : In inaking 26 rods of new paling for the said park by William Mayle and
other tenants of .■\klinglon, hired for the same at 6d. a rod, 13s. ; in 60 rods of old paling removed in
various places in the park at 2d. a rod, los. ; in 5 score 'postes' newly made and placed in the said jialing
at .kl. each, 4s. 6id. ; in 78 'rayles' made and placed in the said paling at id. each, 6s. 6d. ; in 155
struwys' made and placed in the said paling at :Jd. each, 3s. 7|d. ; in making 140 rods ' novi fossati
spinis plantati ' on the south of the park by Richard Theker and his companions, hired for the same at 3d.
a rod, 35s. ; paid to various men making 86 posts, 152 rails 'situat super landam infra dictum parcum' for
reserving a separate pasture for deer in winter 'in grosso,' los. gd. ; in carriage of the said paling at various
places in the park in various waggons hired for the same, 3s. 4d.; in removing 26 rods of old paling on the
south of the park at 2d., 4s. 4d. ; in 6 rods of new paling made at 6d. a rod, 3s. -Sum, £4 14s. i]d.^
14S0. Delivered to John Harbotell, escjuire, receiver, by hand of Thomas Alnwyk, scholar of Oxford,
assigned to him by the lord's warrant for his exhibition there, ^4.*
i486. Fami of the park from 29th September to the 25th March beyond agistment of the cattle of
Master William Percy, the lord's son, 2gs. 3d. ; farm or profit of agistment from the 25th March to the
29tli September, not answered for because reserved in the lord's hand by his especial order for pasture for
his deer and cattle ; farm of 7 acres of meadow west of the park called ' Ermetfall,' 6s. 8d."
1487. Price of four bulls sold by the lord's order, 25s. lod. Paid for new making . . rods of paling
round the park, bying timber in Medylwod for the same work, carriage of the same, and other necessaries
pertaining thereto, as is contained in a bill of particulars, /15 12s. Sd. ; paid for repair and maintaining of
the hedge round ' le Fyrth ' within the parke by the lord's order, 3s. 9d.*
In the bailifts' accounts of 1506 there is an allowance of los. made for
the agistment of 16 ' catalloruni silvestrorum ' of Master William Percy,
esquire, the lord's brother, viz., ' one bull, five cows, si.\ stirkett (of which
four are male and two female), and four calves.'" In 'a description and
gross valuation of all the castle, rents, and farms, etc., and numbers of
able men to serve the king, conveyed to King Henry VIII. by the earl of
Northumberland ' the surveyor says :
Also there ys another parke called Acklyngton parke, conteyneng by estmacon iiii myles aboute, and
the pale ys in metely good state of reparacions, and there ys viewed to be in the same parke upon this
survey over and besydes byrclie. alders, and other wood good for fewell, in okes greate and smalle 600
(DC) valued at xx" ; fallow dere Ix.'
' The following list of the farmers and keepers of .'Vcklington park is compiled from the Bailiffs'
Accounts, etc. : i486, Henry Ellcrgyll, vicar of Warkworth, farmer ; 1487, James Caterall, parker ; 14S9,
James Caterall, parker (he was living and pensioned in 150S) ; 1 503- 1 506, Edw. Radcliffc, fanner ; 1508,
James Benely, parker; 1519, John Symson, agister ; 1523, .•\lan Horsley, agister ; 1524, John Symson,
agister; 1526, James Fawkner, agister ; 1532, Thos. Horsley, farmer ; 1537, Thomas Haibottle, farmer ;
1541, Robert Harbottle, farmer; 1561 and 1562, Robert Horsley, farmer; 1571, Margaret Haibottle,
agister; 1585, William Wycliff, farmer, and Geo. Horsley, keeper; 1587-1592, Roger Thorp, farnic-r ;
1602, John Rushforth, gent, fanner. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
■ Sturwys or stowres = stakes. ' Bailiffs' Accounts, 12 Edw. IV. Duke of NorthitmlHrland's MSS.
' Ibid. 20 Edw. IV. Ibid. ' Ibid. 2 Hen. VII. Ibid.
" Ibid. 3 Hen. VII. Ibid. ' Ibid. 22 Hen. VII. Ibid.
' ' A description and gross valuation of all the castles, rents and farms, etc., and numbers of
able men to ser\'e the king conveyed to King Henry \T1I. by the earl of Northumberland.' Duke 01
Northumberhind's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKLINGTON PARK. 379
In 1512 there were 144 fallow deer in Acklington paik, classilieti uiuler
the heads of 'ant. liii, rascall Ixx, faunez xxi,' and in the following year
there were about the same number, viz., 'ant. xlvii, rascall iiii"" iii, faunez
xvii,' making 147 in all.'
Thomas Huntley, the under keeper of Acklington paik, appeared ' able
with horse and harnes ' at the muster taken in 1538." Robert Horsley of
Acklington, who was one of the gentlemen appointed in 1552 to be com-
missioner in the Middle Marches for the district extending from the sea to
the street between the Coquet and the Wansbeck,' may possibly have been
the person who, twenty years before, was appointed keeper of the gates of
Warkworth castle.^ As parker of Acklington in 1562 he enjoyed a fee of
;^ 3 OS. 8d. a year.^ ' George Horsley of Acklington parke, gent.,' having
taken a prominent part in the Earls' Rebellion of 1569 was by name
included in the Act of Attainder." Margaret, daughter of Robert Horsley,
became wife of Thomas Lisle of Hazon, and it is possible that he may have
been the ancestor of the family of Horsley of Morwick."
1584. ' A breyfe note of the profyttes ' of Acklington park, 'sett downe as they ryse (prima facie)
without any kepers', palisters', or geysters' fee, repayringe of any pailes, railes, yates, lockes, quicksettes,
scotiringe of ditches, or other repryses deducted' for seven years from Michaehiias, 1577, to Michaehnas,
15S4. The first year of the period yielded £9 Ss. lod. ; the second, /g os. 8d. ; the third, £q 3s. 4d. ; the
fourth, ^9 ; the fifth, ^8 15s. 4d. ; the sixth, when the park was let to George Horsley, ^6; and the
seventh, £() 2s. 3d.'
The tenants and inhabitants of Thirston paid yearly at Christmas to the keeper of Acklington park a
hen termed a ■ wod henne,' 'supposed for suftering them to have and take wodd in his lordship's park at
Acklington.' "
The pai'k was well timbered with forest trees, as is shown in the survey
made in 1585 :
There is estimated to be in the said paikc of oke trees 2,000 and of asshe trees 300, valued at
^783 los. In the purlues of the said parke is estimated to be 1,500 of small oke trees, valued at .£160,
and of byrkes and other underwoodes there valued at ;{^3oo. Between the paile and the water is estimated
to be 40 okes, 50 ashes, and 33 elmes, with other underwoodes valued at £li\o. Total, .£1,383 los. '°
' 'A vew of all my lord's dere in Cumberland and Northumberland' in the 4 and 5 Henry \'III. Ihtkc
of Northumberland's MSS. " Arch. Ael. 4to series, iv. p. 162. ^ Nicolson, Bonier Laws, p. 222.
* See above, p. 54. ' Bailiffs' Accounts. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
'' Statutes of the Realm, 13 Eliz. cap. .\vi. 'An Acte for the confirmation of th'attayndcrs of Charles,
erle of Westmerlande, Thomas, earle of Northumberland, and others.'
' See above, p. 359. 15S1, 20th June : Inventory of Cuthbcrt Horsley, late of Acklington park, gont.
Summa, ^19 5s. 3d. Raine, Test. Dunehn. " Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
" Survey of 1585. Ibid. This payment was in addition to and different from the rent hens paid by
every house. 'Every tenant of the townes of Thrupton, Snytter, and Newtowne pay ycarely to his lord-
shipp's use one rent henne ... for their cattell goeing and feeding in the stubbles of his lordshipp's
demeyne,' etc. Ibid. '" Survey of 1585. Ibid.
380 WARKWORTH PARISH.
There is a curious valuation of the park made in 1608 :
Ackington (siV) parke ilciiiyscd to one llaibotlell in the kynge's tymc, when the landes were in liys
majeslye's liandes, and ih'old rcntt then was per annum \//. vis. \iiii/., which ys th'old rentt ; and now
bein^' in tlic lord's handes hytt hatlie be adjoysted unto, and all that woUl ryse that waye for the lords
profylt was not above \\li. yerly, as th'audyttores' bookes do showe : The keeper's fees per annum, iii/(.
viiii/. ; the palicstei's fees per annum, xxs. ; the charges of all the new paaling, o.
So you may see the great clearc gaynes yerly that doth cnmceth (sic) in, and yetl I wold have you lo
desyre hyt of th'old rentt without eny fyne yf liyt wylbe hadd, which me thynkes shuld not stykc at the
ihyng being not muche. Vf hytt mvH not be hadd, offer a fyne as muchc, or as lytic, as you wyll, so as
hyt exceed nott above C niarkes. lUit me thyukes yf he wyll ncedes have a fyne he shuld not aske of you
above 30 or 40/1. Hut the heller cheap you yetl hyt the better shalbc for your scllfe. (".yve no more rentt
for this park of Aklyngton but th'old rcntt in eny wysc, for else small pleasure ys hytt by haveyng therof.
He earnest, I pray you.'
The survey of 161 6 states that :
The lord hath there a parke called Acklington parke very well scited for strength and safeguard of
the game, and a parkly ground well replenished and sett both with raniniell wood and good tymber of
oke. The said parke conteyneth, by estimation [blank] acres, the soyle whereof is reasonable good, but
the deare are all destroyed, and the herbage thereof is demised to George Whitehead, gent.'-'
Lawrence Rishforth holdeth by assignment from George Whitehead, gent., the moyety of the parke of
Acklington, .... 361 acres 3 roods 24^ perches. Henry Whitehead holdeth also by assignment, as
it is said, from the said George Whitehead the other moytie of the said parke, .... 352 acres i rood
I ih perches. .Some totall of all the said park, 714 acres o roods 36 perches.'
In the bailift's' account of 1602 there is entered the account of John
Rushforth, farmer of Acklington park, the herbage of which he seems to
have held under the lease granted to Roger Thorpe for the term of his life.*
As a tenant from Ogle, Lawrence Rushforth appeared at the muster taken on
Clifton field on the 24th of November, 1595, duly furnished and mounted
on a black horse with a white star.' In 16 16 he held one of the eighteen
customary holdings or farms in Acklington.
In 1629 Laurence Rushforth of Acklington park was confined in
Morpeth gaol for a debt of /"loo and ^10 costs at the suit of Marmaduke
Macholl." His chief claim to be noticed is through his son, John Rush-
forth, or Rushworth, the indefatigable collectt)r and antiquary, sometime
recorder and M.P. for Berwick, who is stated to have been born at
' Endorsed in the same hand ' For Sr. Edward Fytlon. A vewc of the parkcs for yo to see and th'old
renttes of theym.' Survey of 1585. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' Mayson's Survey, circa 1616. Ibid. ' Ibid.
' Bailiffs' Accounts, 44 Eliz. Duke of Nortliuinberland's MSS. ^ Cal. Border Papers, Bain, ii. p. 78.
''Arch. Ael. 410 series, i. p. 167.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKLINGTON PARK. 38 1
Acklingtoii park about the year 1608.' As one of the clerks of the House
of Commons, John Riishworth was present at that stirring scene in the Long
Parliament when King Charles I. came down to arrest the live members,
and he it was who took down the speech made on that occasion.
RUSHWORTH (OR RUSHFORTH) OF ACKLINGTON PARK.
John Rushworth of Coley hall, near Halifax, Yorkshire, which he = Agnes, daughter of Thomas Parker ;
sold ni 1572 ; afterwards of Stanroyd and Park hill, Lamashiie ;
will proved 7th Oct., 1575 («).
buried at Halifax parish church,
nth Oct., 1564 (fl).
Alexander Rushworth, son and heir ; = Beatrix, daughter of Nicholas Tempest of Bowling ;
! I 1
living 1584 («)(/;),
marriage settlement, 1546 (a).
Robert "j All named in
Thomas y their father's
John J will (a).
I II I
Lawrence Rushworth of— Margaret, daugh- Richard John Rushworth ; = Anne, daughter of ... Cecilia
ter of Cuth- (n). will proved I Heytherof Cudworth, (a),
berl Carnaby 160S {it). \'orkshire ; married
of Halton (c). I 4th June, 1583 (a).
From whom G. McN. Rushforth, M.A., of Oriel college, Oxon. (189S).
Acklinglon park [?died
at Biddick ; buried at
Chester-le-Street, 8th
April, 1642 (^)].
I . I
John Rushworth born at .Acklington park, circa 1607 ; of Queen's ^ Hannah [? daughter of Lewis Ann ; married
college, Oxon., M..A., 1649 ('') I admitted to Lincoln's Inn,
1640 (w) ; clerk to the House of Commons, 1640 («) ; M.P. for
Berwick, 1657, i65o, 1678, 1679, 16S1 ; recorder of IBerwick (/) ;
died within the rules of King's Bench prison, I2th May, 1690,
aged 82 ; buried behind the pulpit in St. George's chinch,
Southwark, 14th May, 1690 (a).
Widdrington of Cheeseburn Thomas Talbot
Grange, and sister of Sir of Thornton
Thomas Widdrington, speaker (r/).
of the House of Commons].
Hannah, born ci)ca 1646 ; married Sir Francis Fane of Fulbeck ; marriage licence,
l6th Feb., i663,'4 (/<). From whom the earls of Westmorland.
Rebecca, born circa 1649; married Robert Blayney of Kinsham, Hereford; mar-
riage licence, 17th Aug., 1667 (/).
Margaret ; living 16S3 (/•) ; died unmarried (a).
Katherine ; living unmarried l6lh April, 1691 (/n).
(«) £x inf. Mr. G. .McX. Rushfoith of Oriel college, Oxon., w'ho has furnished many of the proofs of the pedigree.
Cf. also Hunter, Fiimil.ae Minnrum Gentium, Harl. Soc. p. 420, Dictionary of \'at. Biograp/ir, etc.
(/5) Cf. Yorkshire Amis and Descents, Harl. MS. No. 4198. (c) Didsworlii .MSS. vol. 45, f. 112 b.
{(i) Dugdale's Visitation of Weslmor/and, s.\io Pedigrees of Yorkshire Families; Brit. Museum, Add. MSS. No. 32 1 16, f. 32.
(e) Foster, Alumni Oxonienses. (/) Scott, Hist. ofBeiwick, p. 475. {g) Surtees, Durham, ii. pp. 146, 150.
(/;) Marriage Licrnces, Harl. Soc. ^■ol. 24, p. 77. («') Ihid. vol. 23, p. 1 38.
(/■) Cf. Notes and Queries, 2nd series, xi. (1861), p. 263.
{m) Duke of Portland' s MSi. ; Hist. MSS. Com. X3th Report, app. pt. ii. p. 164.
(«) Records of Lincoln s Inn (pub. 1896), i. p. 244.
In 1680 Acklington park with 631 acres was granted on lease to Joseph
Ashurst, at a rent of ^^^64 ; apparently he paid a fine of ^120.- He
appears to have sublet to John Cook of Togston, who, in 1685, paid 2s. for
one half-year's duty for two fire hearths in his house in Acklington park, one
' John Rushworlh, in a letter to John Aubrey, the antiquary, says, ' I was borne in Northumberland ;
but my parents were both born in the county of York.' Aubrey, Brief Lives, ii. p. 207.
= Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
382 WAK'KWOKTH PARISH.
of which, as was certified by the collector of hearlh dues in December of that
year, was subsequently demolished.' Cook'- died in 17 10, and by his will
gave /'500 to his son Christopher, who seems to have also succeeded to the
tenancy of Acklington park. The latter was married within Brainshaugh
chapel on the 6th of July, 1721,"' to his kinswoman, Ann Cook of Brain-
shaugh, and was buried at Warkworth on the 26th of April, 1733.' His
widow was buried at the same place on the 2nd of July, 1746.'' Of the
three daughters born of the marriage, Anne was married on the 21st of
i\pril, 1746," to William Hudson, a brazier and tinplate worker at the
' foot ' of the Side in Newcastle, who, in 1 747, had the disposal of the
goodwill of the lease of Acklington park."
The rural calm of Acklington park was broken in the year 1775, when a
firm of speculators, attracted by the unfailing water-power of the Coquet,
acquired a lease of land from the duke of Northumberland with liberty to
erect a foundry for the manufacture of tin and iron. Bv leases granted bv
John Archbold of Acton and Edward Cook of Brainshaugh, the promoters
acquired powers to erect a weir or dam across the Coquet, and to impound
its waters against the lands of the grantors. ** The dam, engineered by
Smeaton," was built of ' firm, close stone,' and pounded ' the water so high
as to cause upwards of 15 feet head and fall at the wheels' of the
works, and formed ' a pound in the river upwards of 2,000 yards long and
60 yards wide.'
' Re\ . Jolin Hodgson's Collection. Amble Guard Book.
• ' Inclosed I send you a warrant for one hundred fother of limestones to be winn out of Shilboltle
quarry for ye use of Aklington parke ; I begg it off you to take ye trouble as to cast up what t|uantity
comes to each tennant's share, yt they may not fall out amongst themsch cs, and to give them notice yt this
warrant is in force but till next audit, viz., November next : so that they must make what dispatch they
can both in winning and leading ; if the quantity is too little they may blame themselves since I might
have had what they might have had occasion for, who am, sir, your servant, lames Morton. Newcastle,
12th May, 1705.'
Letter from James Morton to Mr. John Cook of Togston, copied from the original with Mr. J. Cookson
by the Rev. John Hodgson. James Morton of Newcastle, merchant, on the loth July, 1701, took a 21
years' lease of Acklington park.
' Edliiigham Rif^ister. ' Warkworth Register. ^ Ibid, " Ibid.
' To be let and entered immediately a farm of land at Acklington park consisting of 500 acres, with
all necessary conveniences on the same, and pays only a small modus in lieu of all tithes. .A^lso to be sold
to the person taking it (if required) all the stock of cattle and implements of husbandry. Enquire of Mr.
Edward Cook of Togston, Mr. Edward Cook of Brainshaugh, or Mr. William Hudson, brazier, at the
Foot of the -Side, Newcastle. Ncu-castU Jourmil, 14th February, 1747.
All persons to whom William Hudson, brazier, deceased, stood indebted are requested to send their
accounts to his widow and executrix, Mrs. Ann Hudson, who intends to carry on the business in all its
branches. A spaniel dog to be sold. Ibid. 6th .April, 1765.
' William Hudson of the .Side, tin plate worker.' Whitehead, Ncivcastle Directory, 1778.
".Sir Da\ id Smith's Collection.
" Cj. Smeaton, Reports (1776), ii. p. 324, where there is a |)lan of the dam.
TOWNSHIP OF ACKI.INGTON PARK. 383
Handicapped by distance from niarkit the works, with an inuxpircd
lease of forty-five years, were advertised in 1791 to be sold. Tiicy might
' be employed alternately one week in rolling tin and next in rolling half
blooms'; there was at Warkworth 'a warehouse' and shipping place where at
spring tides there is water sufhcient for vessels drawing from 8 to 9 feet of
water.' Application was to be made to Mr. George Kendal at the premises,
Mr. Edward Kendal of Beaufort Forge, near Abergavenny, or to Mr.
Jonathan Kendal at Swansea."
The premises were purchased by John Reed, a woollen draper in the
Groat Market, Newcastle, who, in the Newcastle papers of 1796, was
advertising for weavers for the woollen manufactory at Acklington,'' and a
year later advertised that as he was retiring from the retail trade, wholesale
customers should address their letters to his 'warehouse, near the White
Cross, Newcastle, or to the manufactory at Acklington park.''*
Reed disposed of the works in 1828^ to David Thompson, a Galashiels
manufacturer, a neighbour and correspondent of Sir Walter Scott, and him-
self a versifier. In his family the manufactory remained, and was carried on
till 1884, when it was finally discontinued.
The bridge was built across the Coquet about 1865.
' This warehouse, which stood on the river side between Warkworth and Amble, was taken down
about 1895, and the material used in the rebuilding of a cottage at the I!oul-bank at Warkworth.
- Tradition says Kendal took a dislike to the place through the drowning of one of his daughters in
the water above the caul. '1785, September 20th, Susannah, daughter of George Kendal of Acklington
park,' buried. Warkworth Register.
Newcastle Courant, 2nd January, 1796. ' Ibid. i8th March, 1797, and loth June, 1797.
' To be sold, the unexpired lease of the woollen manufactory at Acklington park and a small farm of
70 acres. The above has been established for thirty-five years, and the proprietor from advanced age and
infirm health is desirous to retire from business. The manufactory consists of an oblong brick buildinf;
of four floors, fulling mill, dye and drying houses, workshops, wool lofts, warehouses, residence for
pioprietor, workmen's cotta,i,'es, and farm buildings. Apply to S. & T. Reed of Newcastle, solicitors.
Newcastle papers, loth April, 1828.
Vol V. 49
384 CHEVIKGTON CHAPEI-RY.
CHEVINGTON CHAPELRY.
The chapelrv of Chevington,' with an area of 5,4S4 acres, comprised in
four townships, is situated at the south side of Warkworth parish aiui al)uts
on the sea. It is drained and watered by a small stream which takes its rise
in the parish of Bothal, not far from Stobswood, receives as affluents the
Brislington and Coal burns, ^ and under the name of the Chevington burn,
reaches the sea at Chibburn mouth ; there is another Smaller stream called
the Lady burn, which flows direct into the sea. A considerable portion
of the chapelry was in early times occupied by an outlying part of Earsdon
forest, a fragment of which remains in Chevington wood. In the early part
of this century plentiful crops of excellent wheat were produced, but of late
years much of the land has been laid down to grass. Through the opening
out of the coal-field the population has during the last hundred years been
increased tenfold.
The chapel, probably built by one of the Morwicks, lords of the fee of
West Chevington, was originally one of three dependent upon the church of
Woodhorn.' The e.xact time or the circumstances under which it was
granted by the prior and convent of Tynemouth, in whose hands was the
rectory of Woodhorn, to the bishop of Carlisle as rector of the church of
Warkworth, is unknown. Up to the si.xteenth century it was included in,
and its ministers answered at the court of, the rural deanery of Morpeth, and
not, as did the vicars of Warkworth, at that of Alnwick. At the chancellor's
visitation held at Morpeth in 1578, Anthony Hopper, the curate, and
John Law, the parish clerk of Chevington answered,"* and at a general
chapter held in the same year and place, the name of John Lyghton, curate
of Chevington, is entered amongst those who had satisfactorily performed his
task on the study of St. Matthew's gospel.' The chapel at this period had
no incumbent, but was served by a ' stipendarie prieste.'^
' Chevington, the mark inhabited by the Cifingas. Kenible, Saxons in England, i. p. 460.
- The Brishngton burn (called the Hammer burn in the Ordnance Survey) rises in Chcvmgton wood ;
the Coal burn (called the Woodside burn in the Ordnance Survey) rises near Chester house in the town-
ship of Acklington.
' Evidence on this point was produced in a tithe suit in the Court of Exchequer (Kenicot v. Watson),
27th January, 1814. Woodman Collection, Soc. of Antiquaries, Newcastle.
* Ecclesiastical Proceedings 0/ Bishop Barnes, p. 35, Surtees Soc. No. 22. ^ Ibid. p. 75.
" Clavis Ecclcstasticus, i^yy-i^Sy. Ibid. p. g. The names of the following curates have been preserved:
I ith June, 1583, John Emsali ; 26th January, 1584, Robert Welefine (?) ; 7th July, 1585, Robert Wilson ;
i6th March, 1604, John Monk. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, V, pp. 230, 234, 238, 275.
CHEVINGTON" CHAPEI.KY. 385
In the ecclesiastical arrangements of Warkworth parish the inhabitants
of the chapelry were never permitted to forget that they were outsiders, for
in the appropriation of seats in the parish church made under faculty in
1 719 not one was given to any house, hamlet, or estate in Chevington.'
Not unnaturally the ratepayers frequently resisted, though they generally
compromised, the demands made by the wardens for the payment of the
church rate."
The chapel stood in a graveyard containing about half an acre of land,
close to the homestead of Bullocks-hall. Warburton, writing about 1715,
calls ' West Chevington a mean village, in which is a ruined chapel of ease.'''
If the tradition which ascribes the final destruction of the chapel to a fire be
based on fact, it is probable that it happened about this period, for the bell
of 'West Schivington chappell' was stolen by Ralph Blacklaw and George
Wilson of Sandifordstone, tinkers, about Michaelmas, 1717.' The middle of
the graveyard is a couple of feet above the level (being evidently raised by
debris), and the only stone which can now be seen is a large and heavy
through-stone with bevelled edges,'* from which all traces of an inscription,
if any ever existed, have disappeared.
The graveyard, which continued to be used for burials up to the
beginning of this century, was afterwards treated, somewhat irregularly, by
the vicars of Warkworth as parcel of their glebe, but it has recently been
transferred by the vicar of Warkworth to the perpetual curate of Chevington.
In 1863 the chapelry of Chevington was severed from Warkworth and
constituted an ecclesiastical district or parish.'^ A church and parsonage-
house were built, and the benefice was endowed by the Ecclesiastical
commissioners, with certain rent-charges'' accruing from the townships of
West and East Chevington, Bullocks-hall, and Hadston, parcel of the rectory
of Warkworth.*
' Cf. above, p. 191.
^ Warkii'orth ChurchK'anicns'' Books. When the wall of Warkworth churchyard was rebuilt in 1794,
the river-side section was undertaken by the chapelry of Chevington in the following proportions : East
Chevington, fourteen farms at 2 yards per farm, 27^ yards ; West Chevington, twelve farms, 24 yards ;
Hadston, eight farms, 16 yards. '^ Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
■'The information of Margaret, wife of David Sheel, and Mary Leatch, sp., taken upon oath i6th
January, 171 7/18. Session Records.
^ In an examination of the yard made on the 28th of April, 1896, this stone was found to lie withm
the foundation walls of the chapel. " By Order in Council ; London Gazette, 12th June, 1863.
' London Gazette, 14th August, 1868, and 20th April, 1S77.
* The following perpetual curates or incumbents have been licensed up to the present time : 1863,
James Dand of Christ college, Cambridge ; 1881, Albert P. Lawrence ; 1895, John T. H. Smith.
386 CHEVINGTOX CHAPELRY.
TOWNSHIP OF WEvST CHEVINGTON.
The township ol West Chcvington, which occupies the south-west angle
of Warkworth parish, comprises an area of 1,859 acres. Its population in
1891 was 587.' A projection at the south-west of the townshiji was formerly
moorland, and is still called Chevington Moor, and the north-w'est corner is
woodland. In a corner of Chevington wood, in the making of the main line
of the North Eastern Railway, there was found a stone axe. It is 8| inches
long, and the width of the cutting edge is 2 j inches. It is very symmetrically
made and ground, with a fine polish over the whole surface."
From the time of, or immediately after, the Conquest, the small barony
of West Chevington was held of the king in chief bv the service of one
knight's fee* by the family the history of which has been related under
Morwick. A rent of 13s. 4d. a year was paid to the royal castle of Bamburgh
for castle ward.^ Though the lords of the fee must have possessed a seat
house for their usual or occasional residence, no traces have been found, nor
does anv record show the existence of a tower or anv stronghold.
In the letter already mentioned,'* written about 1166 by Ernulph de
Morwick to Henry II., the king is informed that the barony was held as
one knight's fee of ancient feoffment, ' that is to say, from the time of
King Henry your grandfather' (i 100- 1 135), and that a certain David held
one half of it from Ernulph.
About the year 1240 William de Bamburgh held the fourth part of
the barony of West Chevington from Hugh de Morwick (the said Hugh
being the king's ward) as the fourth part of one knight's fee of ancient
feoiTment.'' Thirty years later it was found by inquisition, taken on the
death of Sir Hugh de Morwick III., that he had died seised of twenty
librates of land in West Chyvington, which were worth ^20 a year, and
were held by knight service and a payment of i mark to Bamburgh
castle, and suit at the county court." The youngest of Sir Hugh de
' The Census Returns are : 1801, 90; 181 1, loi ; 1821, 108; 1831, 117; 1841, 67 ; 1851, 104; 1861, 161 ;
1S71, 190; 1881, 503; i8gi, 587. - It is now in the collection of W'illiani Allan Sturge, M.D., of Nice.
^ Testa de Nevill, pp. 382 b and 392 b. Cf. Hodgson, Northumbcrliuui, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 222.
* Compotits Johannis de Esselyngton : Q.R. Misc. Ministers^ Accounts, 5-6 Edw. II. P.R.O. Cf. Border
Holds, i. p. 231. ' Printed in the Red Book 0/ the Exchequer, I, p. 438. See p. 345 supra.
° Testa de Nevill, p. 382 b. Cf. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 206.
' 7h(/. p.m. Hugh de Morwyk, 53 Hen. III. No. iS, taken at Newcastle, 26th .April, 1269. Writ,
dated Westminster, 2nd March, 53 Hen. III.
TOWNSHIP OF WKST CHEVI.NGTON. 3<S7
Morwick's four daui;hters having taken the veil and beconu- a nun ; the
inheritance was divided amongst the other three, viz. : vSibilla, wife of Sir
Roger de Luniley ; Theophania, wife of Sir John de Buhner ; and Beatrix,
wife of Sir John de Roseles. By an agreement made in 1277 the one-third
share of Beatrix de Roseles in West and East Chevington and IMorwick
devolved upon her eldest sister Sibilla, against whose second husband
Lawrence de St. Manr and others a suit concerning tenements in West
Chevington was brought by Robert de Bamburgh in 1 281- 1282.' St. Maur
apparently resided at Chevington, for his name heads the Subsidy Roll
of 1296.
Chewington West Subsidy
Roll,
1 296.
I
s.
d.
S.
d.
Summa bonorum
Domini Laurencii de Sammore
8
17
2 undc regi
16
l|
Isabellae viduae
I
2
->
t
oi
Willelmi Buiuman
0
15
4
I
4;^
Thomae Hucong
0
13
0
I
2\
Gilbert! filii Evae
0
18
0
I
7l
Thomae de Almham
0
18
4
I
8
Roberti de Tiidhowe
I
4
10 „
2
3
Nicholai forestarii
0
17
10
I
7*
Agnetis viduae
I
J
-1
2
•i
Alexandri Sualler
0
17
I
I
6i
Roberti filii Arnaldi
0
12
6
I
If
Roberti Roke
I
3
6
2
i|
Hugonis praepositi
I
I
6
I
iii
Summa hujus villae, /20 4s. 5d. Unde domino regi, £1 i6s. cj\A.
Sibilla de Morwick survived her second husband and died on the Satur-
day after the 26th of July, 1298. In an inquisition taken at Morpeth on the
loth of September of the same year, it was found that she held of the king
in chief the capital messuage of West Chevington, worth 2S. a year, and
demesne lands, comprising 160 acres of arable land in her own hand, worth
4d. an acre ; 12 acres of arable land, let at 5s. a year ; 18 acres of arable land
lying waste, worth 3d. an acre ; 16 acres of arable land, let for 12s. 8d. ; i
acre of arable land, let at 6d. ; 8 acres of meadow, worth 2s. an acre ; and 60
acres of wood of which the underwood could be sold for 5s. a year. She
also held in the vill of West Chevington five 'bondagia,' each of which
comprised a house and 18 acres of arable land, and paid 15s. a year; five
'bondagia,' each of which also comprised a house and 18 acres of land, but
were lying waste and paid nothing, though the land was worth 3d. an acre ;
three 'cottagia,' of which the first comprised a house and i acre of arable
' Rot. Pat. 10 Edw. I. m. 14 in clarso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 1 14.
388 CHKXINGTON CHAPEI.RY.
land, and paid 2s. ()d. a year ; the second, a honse and 2 acres of arable land,
paying 2s. 6d. ayear; and the third, a honse and i acre of arable land, paying
IS. 9d. a year. She was also seised in the same vill of 2s. a year of the
service of Robert Roke for a messuage and 15 acres of land which Ik- held
of her, and of I2d. a year of the service of Ale.xander Sualler for 2 acres
of arable land. All these tenements, etc., were held bv Sibilla of the king
in chief by the service of two parts of one knight's fee, and by paying to
the king two parts of a mark of silver for the ward of Bambnrgh castle, and
two parts of i4d. for the king's cornage, two parts of JOs. for farm of the
forest of Chivinton, and two parts of I2d. for fence month, and doing suit
at the county court with John de Bulmer and Theophania, his wife, who
was the said Sibilla's coparcener in West Chyvyngton.'
An inquisition was taken at Chevington on Thursday, the 28th of July,
1300, in which it was found that John de Bulmer'" had died seised of
one third of the vill of West Chevington of the inheritance of his wife,
Theophania (who survived her husband), one of the heirs of Hugh de
Morwick, held of the king in chief by the service of a third part of a knight's
fee, the third part of one suit at the county court, and of paying 3s. 4d.
yearly for the ward of Bambnrgh castle, 5s. yearly at the Exchequer of
Newcastle for disafforestation of the forest, and 34d. for cornage. There was
no capital messuage, but of demesne there were 80 acres of arable land, worth
4d. an acre, 5 acres of meadow, worth 2s. 8d. an acre ; a several pasture
called the North-more, lying between Bristilden and the North burn,
containing 14 acres, and worth 2s. a year. There were three free tenants,
namely, Roger Roke, who held 8 acres and paid 3s. 4d. a year ; Robert
Roke, who held 5 acres and paid I2d. a year; Thomas de Alneham, who
held 8 acres and paid 2d. a year. Four 'bondi,' held 18 acres apiece, and
paid 15s. a year each; another ' bondagium ' contained 18 acres, and paid
los. a year. There were 9 acres of land which paid 2s. 6d. a year, 14 acres
of free land which paid 12s. 4d., and two cottars, one paying i6d. and the
other 1 2d. a year. Between Colier burn and Stobbiswodeleye there was a
wood called Stobbiswode, containing 100 acres of wood and waste, the herb-
age, pannage, and underwood of which were worth 5s. a year. A moor
' /«!/. p.m. Sibil de Luiiielcye, 26 Edw. I. No. 23. Writ, dated Stryvelyn (Stirling), 2iid August,
26 Edw. I.
John de Bulmer died 17th February, 129S/9, and was buried in Guisbrough priory. Walter lU
Hemingbrough, ii. p. 184.
TOWNSHIP OF WEST CHEV'INGTON. 389
called le Brounside, between Stobbiswodeley and the Allerhepe, contained
10 acres and was worth 4d. a year. Of a wood called Chiveleye, between
Bristildene and Kaldewelmore, containing io6i acres of wood and waste,
the herbage, pannage, and nnderwood were worth 6s. 8d. a year.'
In the same year Robert de Mautalent' and Christiana, his wife, JMought
an action against Robert de Lumley (the son of Roger de Lumley and
Sibilla de Morwick) and his aunt, Theophania, widow of John de Buhner,
concerning common of pasture in West Chevington.'
To this period may be assigned a deed in the possession of the Rev.
William Greenwell, by which William de Bamburge de Chivington gives to
his daughter, Cecilia, and her heirs for ever a toft and croft and 24 acres of
land and meadow in the vill and fields of Chivington, which Thurstan of
Chivington once held of him. She was to pay 6d. per annum, viz., 3d. at
Pentecost and 3d. at Martimiias.*
Though Lawrence de St. Maur had been dead for fourteen years his
name was allowed to remain at the head of the Subsidy Roll of 13 12, which
also mentions the name of a priest who doubtless served the chapel at
Chevington.
Chevinton West Subsidy Roll, 1312.
Summa bonorum Laurentii de Sancto Mauro
,, Sibillae viduae
„ Willelmi Buryman
„ Thomae Hutting
,, Gilberli filii Evae
„ Thomae de Alneham
„ Nicholai forestarii
„ Hugonis Fagge
„ Hugonis clerici
,, Agnetis viduae
„ Alexandri Sualler
„ Roberti de Morewyke
„ Roberti filii Arnaldi ...
„ Hugonis capellani
„ Vymaicae viduae
„ Roberti Roke
„ Hugonis pistoris
Totius \illae de Chevinton West ... 25 6 10 „ 50 8|
' Inq.p.m. Joh. de Bulniere, 28 Edw. I. No. 19. Writ, dated Durham, 4th December, 1299.
'' Some notice of Robert de Mautalent and his son, John, is given under HowicU, vol. ii. p. 348.
' Rot. Pat. 28 Edw. I. m. 12 in durso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 336.
* The witnesses to the deed are : Sir Roger Mauduit, John de Wnderingtone, -Simon de Crawell,
Adam de Plecys, Henry de Setone, Fulco de Typinham, Robert de Alneham, Robert de H.-irdcne, Simon
de eadeni. Seal gone.
£ s
d.
s.
d
9 7
0
unde regi
18
8i
I 12
8
3
3i
0 14
0
I
5
0 12
ro
I
3A
I 13
8
3
4i
I 5
0
2
6
0 1 1
4
I
i|
I I
6
2
2
0 17
0
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8i
I 0
0
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0
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8
-)
7
0 19
0
t
II
0 iS
0
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0 13
0
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0 14
0
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c
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4
I
"i
I I
6
2
-)
39© CHFVINGTON CHATELRY.
In liilv, 1 32 1, Hu<;h le Sinythessone of West Chevington iKing im-
prisoned in the castle at Newcastle-upon-Tyne for causing the death of
Hugh le Cirevessone of East Chevington, was granted letters ordering the
sheriff of Northumberland to bail him until the next assizes.'
Chkvinton West Subsidy Roi.i., 1336.
Willelmus de Morwyk, 8s. ; Willelmus Carpenter, 6s. 8d. ; Waltenis ile Percy, 4s. ; Walterus dc
Mora, IS. 4d. Summa, 20s.
It was found bv an inquisition taken at Morpeth, on Sunday, the 17th
of July, 1344, that it would not be to the king's loss to grant a licence
to Ralph de Bulmere to infeoff John de Hastings, parson of Morpeth, and
Edmund Paynell, parson of Berghton, of eleven tofts, 221 acres of land,
and a rent of 4s. 4d. in West Chyvyngton. The said lands and rent were
held of the king in chief by homage and fealtv and by the service of a
fourth part of 13s. 4d. for the ward of Hamburgh castle, and for 5s. of the
disalTorestment of the forest of Chyvyngton, and were of the yearly value
of /.'4 in silver." This licence was evidentlv obtained with the- intention
of selling the estate, an intention carried into effect seven years later,
when, by an inquisition taken at Alnwick on the 8tb of October, 1351, it
was found it wotild not be to the king's loss if licence were granted to Sir
Ralph Bulmer, knight, to enfeoff David Gray^ and Joan, his wife, with a
third part of the manor of West Chivynton ; it was then worth ^4 los. a
year clear ; after paying 5s. to the sheriff at Midsummer day among the
king's farms, called ' Minute Particulars of Assarts ' and 4s. 5d. to the
constable of the royal castle at Bamburgh for cornage.'
Letters patent granting a protection for one year were granted in 1379
to John Joce of Chevyngton, who was about to accompany Edmund, earl of
March, and others to Ireland on the king's service.* By an inquisition taken
in the castle at Newcastle on Tuesday, the nth of August, 1383, it was
found that Robert, son and heir of Marmaduke de Lumley, deceased, died
under age on the 12th of December, 1374, and that the manor and vill of
West Chevington, worth £^ a year beyond all service, were in the king's
' Dated at Westminster, 5tli July, 1321, Cal. Close Rolls, 14 Edw. II. p. 314. On the loth
November, 1332, Edmund de Chevyngton going beyond seas on pilgrimage obtained letters patent
nominating John de Spridelyngton and Geoffrey Baldewyn to act as his attorneys in England until
Midsummer. Ciil. Pat. Rolls, Edw. III. p. 368.
- Inq.p.m. 18 Edw. III. second numbers, No. 6. Writ, dated Westminster, 12th June, 1344.
' Cf. Neu'ininshr Chavtulary, Fowler, p. 295. Surtees Soc. No. 66.
' hiq. p.m. 25 Edw. III. second numbers. No. 2. Writ, dated Westminster. loth September, 1351.
' loih .April, 1379. Cal. I\il. Rolls, Ric. II. p. 409.
TOWNSHIP OF WEST CHEVINGTON. 39 1
hand by reason of the said niinorily, bnt were occupied (by what warrant
the jniors did not know) by John de Nevill.'
Sir Ralph Lumley before his death had by charters dated the 29th of
June, 1384, granted his lands and tenements, the rents and services of his free
tenants and villains in the vill of West Chevington, East Chevington, Morwick,
Reaveley, Longhirst, and Old Moor, to John Fullour, chaplain, and John
Sadbergh, who remained in possession of the lands so granted until the ist of
November, 1393, when they conveyed them to John de Chestre, chaplain, and
his brother William de Chestre as trustees. Thomas de Lumley was the son
and heir of Sir Ralph, bnt died under age on the 31st of May, 1404, leaving as
his heir his brother John de Lumley,' with whose descendants the barony of
West Chevington remained until the 30th of March, 1559, when West
Chevington was sold by John, Lord Lumley, to Sir Thomas Grey of Horton,'
whose name is entered as owner of the same in the Feodary's Book in 1568.''
At the dissolution of the monasteries the Knights Hospitallers of Mount
St. John in Yorkshire possessed a rent-charge of 2s. a year in Chevington.*
In Michaelmas term, 1577, a fine was levied between Ralph Grey, esq.,
plaintiff (the husband of Sir Thomas Grey's eldest daughter), and Robert
Clavering, esq., and Agnes, his wife, John Heron, esq., and Margery his wife,
Roger Proctor, gentleman, and Barbara, his wife, and Humphrey Heron,
gentleman, and John Heron, his son and heir apparent, deforciants, of the
manors of Horton> Detchant, and West Chevington, and of 60 messuages,
etc., in West Chevington, East Chevington, Morwick, and other places."
At a muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March, 1580, West
Chevington provided nine horsemen,' and fifteen years later, at a muster
taken on Clifton field on the 24th of November, 1595, there appeared from
West Chevington, Robert Walls, William Bairde, Mark Sotherne, and si.\
others ; all of them being entered in the return as 'defective.'* In 1597 'the
plump watch,' ordered in respect of the outrages of ' our home theaves,' was
kept by the bailiff of Chevington ' at the Flower of Chevely.' "
' /hi/, p.m. Robertus fil. et licres Marmaduci de Lumleye, 7 Ric. II. No. 51. Writ, dated West-
minster, 13th July, 1383.
- Imj. p.m. Thomas, fiiius et hercs Radulfi de Lumley, 5 Henry I\'. No. 30. Writ, dated West-
minster, 25th January, 1404/5. ' E.x Grey Deeds ; Lambert MS.
' Liber Fcoiiarii, 10 Eliz. ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. Ixiii.
^ 'Chibynton. Et de ij* de redditu assise diversoruni liberorum tenencium domini regis dc Cliibbynton
praedicta annuatim, solvendis ad festa praedictaequaliter.' Ministers' Aceounis, 38 Hen. VIII. to i Edw. VI.
No. 51, m. 60. Cf. Arch. Acl. xvii. p. 279. ° P.R.O. Notes of Fines, Northumberland, Mich. 19 and 20 Eliz.
' Cat. Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 21. " Ibid. ii. p. 79.
° Letter from Edward Grey to Eure, dated 17th November, 1597. Ibi:l. ii. p. 452.
Vol. V. 50
^q2 CHF.V'INGTON CHAPELRY.
In a settlement dated the ist of September, 1592, the manors, towns,
and viUasres of West Chevington, East Chevington, and Morwick were
entailed bv Kalph Grev upon his issue male with remainder to his brothers
Edward, Henry, Roger, and Arthur Grey ;' and by an appointment dated the
1 St of March, 1607/8, he, being then Sir Kalph Grey, knight, limited West
Chevington, East Chevington, Morwick, and other estates to his wife Dame
Dorothy Grey for her jointure.'
The following inventory of the goods of one of the tenants of West
Chevington, who died about this time, enumerates the farm stock and house-
hold plenishings of the period :
1605, 2nd May. Inventory of the goods of John Robinsone of West Chevington : 8 oxen and 4 stotes,
£\(i\ 8 kyne and 6 calves, £\o 13s. 8d. ; 2 old mayrcs and a younger mayrc, £'^ 13s. 4d. ; 15 yowes and
Iambs antl 5 younger sheapp, ^4 i6s. 8d. ; wheat and rye sowen in the ground fyvc boules, estimated to
fyfteen boules, price £7 los. ; oates sowen 9 boules, estimated to 27 boules, price £^ los. ; bearc and
beannes sowen on boule, estimated to thre boules, price 20s. ; wheat and rye in the barne, 5 boules, 50s. ;
4 waynnes, ploughe and plow irons, 2 iron sommes withe boutes and shakles, 6 yokes and 3 harrowes,
price 50s. ; 2 almoneryes, a cawell, and a pressore, price 20s. ; 2 caldrons, 4 potts, 4 pannes, price
46s. 8d. ; 16 peace of putter, fyvc candlestickes, and two salts, price 14s. 4d. ; r potte and a ketle,
price i6s. ; 6 cheastes and thre coffers, price i6s. ; 7 tubes, 6 barrels, 2 skeales, pannes, mealies, and
dishes, price 1 5s. Sd. ; 2 beddes, 2 chayres, 2 formes, and a borde, price 5s. 6d. ; 2 fyer crokes, a payre
of tongs, and a paire of pott clips, price 2s. ; 2 axes, one eche, 2 wambles, and one iron howe, price js. ;
5 lynen sheates, 3 code pillowes, and 2 towels, price 22s. ; 4 coverlids, 4 plads, 3 blankets, 2 cods,
2 window cloathes, and 2 sakes, price 28s. 6d. ; a sowe and 3 pegges, 3 gesse v. ith goslings and a ganner,
sixe hens, 4 capons, and a coke, price i6s. 4d. ; his cloakc, his weareing apparell, his hatt, his steale cape,
his bowe, and his sw'ord, price 26s. 8d. ; a spayde, a shull, and other trifles, price 2s. Summa, ^66 i8s.
Debts that the testatore owethe: Imprimis, to my brother, Edward Robinson, 25s.; to John Chator,
IDS.; to Robert Perrey, los. ; to John Davye, i2d. ; his funerall expenses, 21s. rod.; Mr. \'icar's
mortuary, los. Some, ^3 i6s. los. Summa totalis debitis deductis, ^'63 is. lod."
The forest of Chevington, which has so often been incidentally mentioned,
is represented at the present day by a wood situated in the north-west comer
of the township, comprising about 400 acres. It seems to have been the inten-
tion of William, Lord Grey of Wark to reafforest a portion of it, for on the 28th
of April, 1629,* he obtained a licence to make a park at West Chevington.^
' Ex Grey Deeds; Lambert MS. - Ibid. ^ Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
' Though the matter more properly belongsto Chillingham, the document may be briefly abstracted
here. ' Licence to William, Lord Gray, Baron Warke, and his heirs, to enclose and make into a park
their lands containing about 40 acres enclosed with walls, called Chillingham parke, etc., and to enclose
as much as they will of the land which at the time of such enclosure shall be their own, of whatsoever
kind in the parish of Chillingham, and in Rosse, and West Chevington, not exceeding in all 1,500 acres,
so to enlarge the park now called Chillingham parke, or to make other park or parks at their will.
Grant of all liberties and rights, and of free warren, and of right to include in enclosure to be made, all
ways and paths then existing in the land to be enclosed, making other ways and paths of the same width
on his land.' P.R.O. P«/. i?o//, 5 Chas. I. pt. xx. entr>' 4.
' Much timber was felled at the end of last century, when a merchantship, called the ' Chevington
Oak,' was built near the building called ' the granary,' midway between Warkworth and Amble. At a
later day a small manufactory for the making of pyroligneous acid was set up at Chevington by one of
Lord Grey's servants. Ex inf. Mr. M. H. Dand.
TOWNSHIP OF lU'I.I.OCKS-HAI.I.. 393
In the ili vision of the estates of Ford, Lord Grey, wliicli took place in
the earlv part of last century, West Chevington was apportioned to Mr.
Henry Grey of Howick, whose descendant, the present Earl Grey, is the
proprietor.
About the year 1693 West Chevington north side was held by Johnson,
Kirton, Clark, Henry Brown, and Valentine, as tenants to Lord Grey, at the
total rent of /"250 per annum, and the south side was held by Robert
Johnson and William Clark at a rent of £1^-^ I'l't: family of Brown
afterwards became tenants of the greater part of the estate and retained their
tenancy until about 1763."
The Browns were succeeded by Thomas Compton" of Carham as tenant
of West Chevington, and he was followed successively by Joseph Fenwick
of Ulgham,' Francis Fenwick, Samuel Goodman, and others.
TOWNSHIP OF BULLOCKS-HALL.
The small township of Bullocks-hall, originally included in West
Chevington, owes its existence as a separate township to the operation oi the
Poor Law Act of Charles H. It comprises one estate of 210 acres, having,
in 1 89 1, a population of 15.'
This estate may possibly represent that which in 1344 is described as
comprising 11 tofts and 221 acres, worth ;^4 a year, and which, about 1351,
was sold by Ralph de Buhner to David Gray and Joan his wife." Certain
lands in Chevington as well as in East Chevington in 1372 held by Roger de
Widdrington," were in 1568 held by Sir John Widdrington,* and were, in the
' Ex inf. Mr. R. G. Bolain of Berwick.
- To let, the large farm of West Chevington, in the possession of JVIr. William Brown. Enquire of
Sir Henry Grey, bart., at Howick, or Mr. tirieve at Alnwick. Newcastle Journal, ,\ugiist, 1746. To be
let, the farm of West Chevington, comprising 1,500 acres, in the possession of Mr. William Drown ; it is
intended to divide the premises into two or three farms. Newcastle Courant, December, 1762.
" To be sold by public roup, the oxen, implements of husbandry, and other farm stock on West
Chevington farm, belonging to Mr. Thomas Compton. Newcastle Journal, May, 1770.
176S, July l6th. Thomas Compton of this parish and Elizabeth Wood of the p:uish of Carham,
married. Warkworlh Register.
* A discharge note granted by Mr. Fenwick to one of his hinds has been found by Mr. M. H. Dand
amongst his father's papers. .Vs an evidence of the state of things long passed away and almost forgotten,
it is printed here: ' VVest Chivington, February 2Sth, 1794. The bearer, John .Mather, is at liberty to hire
with who he pleases, to enter the 12th of May. Jos. Fenwick.'
' The Census Returns are : 1801,7; 1811,22; 1821,14; 1831,14; 1841,19; 1851,20; 1861,14;
1871, 15 ; 1881, II ; 1891, 15.
" lui]. p.m. 18 Edw. III. second numbers. No. 6. Inq. p.m. 25 Edw. HI. second numbers. No. 2. Iiu].
p.m. 26 Edw. HI. second numbers. No. 62. ' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 234.
' Liber Feodarii. Ibid. pt. iii. vol. iii. p. Ixii.
394
CHEVINGTON CHATELRY,
year 1583, dealt with in a recovery made between Robert Widdrington
and others and Hector Widdrington.'
As early as the fourteenth century the family of Bayard, Bard, or Baird
was settled in East Chevington ; and in 1575 Christopher Bard of West
Chevington, after desiring that his body should be buried in the parish
church of Warkworth, gave the tenant right of his farmhold to the eldest of
his four daughters, and arranged that she should niarrv an inmate of his house
whom he calls 'my sone Martin Barde,' who may have been his nephew and
ward, 'and if he will not marrye hir he shall not tary ther but depart
furthwith.' Whether this project resulted in a marriage is not known ; but
William Bard of Chevington appeared at the muster taken on Clifton field in
1595, and Martin Bard was in 1608 one of the appraisers of the goods of
Gawen Bard.
BAIRD (OR BARD) OF WEST CHEVINGTON.
Baird ^
Christopher Baird of West Cheving-
ton ; will dated loth July, 1575 ;
proved 30th July, 1577 ; to be
buried in Warkworth church.
Isabel ... ;
e.xecutrix
herhusba
will.
I
I I I
Elizabeth.
Jane.
Agnes.
an
Robert Baird ; was
Thomas Baird ;
...Baird =
to
named in the will
supervisor of
nd's
of his brother
his brother's
Christopher.
will.
Margery, to whom ;= Martin
her father gave • Baird.
his tenant right. I
Gawen Baird ; will dated =
lyth July, 1607 ; to be
buried in Warkworth
church, his wife then
great with child (</).
Thomas Baird of West Chev- = Alice
ington ; named in the will
of his brother Gawen ; will
dated 7th March, 1612 ;
proved 1C13 (c)
I I
Barbara. Agnes
William Baird of West Chevington ; a freeholder in ibl<) (i) ; was ])arty 10 the division = [? Katherine, daughter
of the township, 3rd Feb., 1649/50 (//) ; was assessed to county rate in 1663 ; loth No
16S1, mortgaged lands to John Kelly (/) ; buried 27th Dec, 1682 (a).
of Edward Dodsworth
of East Chevington.]
Martin Baird of West Chevington ;
was party to mortgage loth Nov.,
1681 (/0,and i6th Nov., i6gi (/;);
and absolutely sold his lands in
Chevington, 2nd Nov., 1692 (//).
William Baird, the younger, of West
Chevington ; in 1675 took a convey-
ance of the wedder pasture and the
Long Moor-way from his father ; ad-
ministration of personal est.ate 21st
i Oct., 16S1, granted to Eliz.ibeth
'; Cowan of Berwick, his sister (<:)•
Edward Baird of Togston Moor-house ; who
joined in sale of lands 2nd Nov., 1692 (h).
Frances, sister and co-heiress of
William Baird the younger ;
married Ralph Reed of Ber-
wick, and had a son John
Reed, who voted for lands in
West Chevington in 1722 and
1734, ^nd sold them in 1742
to John Kelly (Ji).
Elizabeth, sister and co-heiress ; married John
Cowan, and had two daughters and co-
heiresses, viz., Sarah, wife of Thomas Prescot
of Great Garden, St. Catherine-in-the-Tower,
Middlesex, and Frances, wife of John Lucas
of St. Catherine-in-lhe-Tower ; who all joined
in the sale, 1741/2, to John Kelly (//).
Margaret, sister and co- Is
heiress; married John
Wallas of Berwick.
Her share of lands in
West Chevington was
purchased by .Matthew
White of Blagdon (/>).
(11) Wartwotth Regis/er. (_ii) Mr. George Tate's Tille Deeds.
((/) A WtU\n the Rev. John Hodgson's Collection. (<r) Arch. Ael. 4to series, ii. p. 323.
' In Trinity term, 26 Eliz., William Fenwyke and Robert Woodrington, esquires, and Thomas
Woodrington, gent., demand against Hector Woodrington, gent., the manor of East Chevington and
certain lands there with a rent of 5s. in East and West Chevington. It is adjudged that the demandants
receive seisin. I'.R.O. Recovery Rolls 6, rot. 16 (Trinity, 26 Eliz.).
ibella, sister and co-heiress ; married
... Thompson. Herson Joseph Thomp-
son was of Guyzance in 1734 when he
voted for lands in West Chevington,
and of .Ahiwick 24th, March, 174I1
when he sold the same to Matthew
White of Blagdon (i).
(c) Durham Probate Registry.
TOWNSHIP OF nULLOCKS-llAI.I.. 395
1575, 10th July. Will of Christopher Barde of West Chevinj^ton, yeoman. To be buried within the
parish church of Warkworth. My wyfe, Isabell liard, and my four daughters, Margerey Barde, Elizabeth
Barde, Janet Bard, and Agnes Barde, executors. To my sone, Martin Barde, one browne whye ; Thomas
Graye's children, one two-year-ould stotte ; Nycholas Barde, one dublet ; my brother, Robert Barde, one
fillc ; Isabell Barde, one yow ; and to Catheringe Barde, one vow ; to the chappell of West Chevington,
one whye calfe ; to Thomas Bard, yonger, one gimcr, and to Marion Arnell, one yow. With tlie lord's
pleasure I give the tenante right of my house and farmhould to my doughtcr Margcrie. 1 will that my
wife Isabell Barde shall be the head governor of my house during hir widowhood. If so be that my sone,
Martin Barde, will marye my daughter, Margerie Barde, my will is that he shall remaine ther, and if he
will not marrye hir he shall not tary ther but depart forthwith. Supervisors : Mr. Henry Wetherington,
my brother Thomas Barde, John Brotherwick, John Moller, and Christopher ISurtim. Proved 30th July,
1577-'
1607, 19th July. Will of Gawyne Bard of West Chevyngton. My body to be buryed in the parish
church of Warkworth payinge my accustotned fees. I bequeath unto my wyfFe and my childe whiche
shee is wiihe 12 oxen, 4 nagges, 2 stotts, 50 shepe, and three waynes with ther furniture ; I bequeathe
unto my brother Thomas Barde and John Spure a coffar with £14 ; to George Birlettsonn, Martync
Biiletisonn, and Annas Birlettsonn, everye one of them a quye and a yowe hogge ; to Thomas Spure,
Robert Spure, Richard Spure, Anas Spure, Katherine Spure, and .^lesonn Spure, everye one of them
a quye and a yowe hogge (if quyes will not serve, to give kyne); I bequeathe my come and all the rest of
my goods, movible and unmovible whatsoevere, to my wiffe and my childe. My brother Thomas Barde,
supervisore, to see my wiffe and my child mayntained in ther rights and all my leaguses duly payd withe
my funeral expences. Witnesses, Thomas Bard, Roger Perry, Thomas Patterson, John Steavenson, and
John Muilie, clarke.
1607/8, iSth January. Inventory of Gawyne Bard of West Chevington, deceased, praised by Martyn
Barde, Uniphray Reey, Roger Brotherwicke, and Robert Wanlesse. 13 oxen, ^22; 4 stotes, ^4;
9 kyne and 4 calves, £12 ; 2 quyes and 2 quy stirkes, ^3 ; 3 nagges and a foale, £s 'os. ; 31 sheepe,
^3 5s.; 4 swyne, los. ; wannes with ploughe and plow irons and other iher appurtenances and harrows,
£2 Cs. 8d. ; 2 almyres, a cawell, and a presser, ^i ; 2 caldrons, 4 potts, and 4 pannes, £2 6s. 8d. ; iS peace
of putter, 5 candlesticks, and 2 salts, 14s. 4d. ; 4 cheasts and 2 coffers, 12s.; tubes and berrels with other
wooden vessell, 13s. 4d. ; 2 bedsteads, i chare, a forme, and a table, 4s. ; 2 fyre crookes, a pair of tongs
and pottclip, I iron spitt, 2s. ; i axe, i wumble and i ecke, is. 6d. ; 5 lenen sheets, 2 cod pillowes and
towles, i8s.; 3 coverlids, 3 plads, 3 blankets, 2 cods, i windo clothe and 2 sacks, 24s.; 2 gease and a
ganner, 4 hens and a coke, 5s. ; his apperell, 26s. ; wheat and rye sowen 6 boolls, estimated to 18 boals,
^8 15s.; oates sowen 10 boolls, estimated to 30 bools, ^5 5s.; bigge and beanes sowen i booll, estimated
to 3 bools, £1 ; spades and sholles, with other trifles of household stuffe, 2s. ; the lease of his tenements,
valued ^20; in money, ^5 i6s. ; Thomas Craster oweth to this testator ns. 4d. ; i oxe sould, 30s. ; ' to
years surgeon,' 30s. ; 3 yows sould, 9s. Total, ^103 7s. gd.
Debts : To the two children of John Robinson for their filial! portions, viz., Alice and Jane Robinson,
;^3o 19s. ; to Thomas Paterson, Ss. ; to William Chamberlaine, los. ; to Roger Perrey, is. iid. Total,
/31 i8s. I id.
A note of these thnigs that arc added and debts cancelled by lewdness of the mennestcre in the
inventoryes of Gawenne Bayrde without the knowledge of the praysers. An o.xe solde, etc., 30s. ; geven
to the phesisionn, left out in the debts, 30s. ; 20s. in funyrals ; mortywarie, los. ; for admenystratione
tuitione and pirrytyrs' (apparitors) fees, 27s. 5d. ; to John Monke for the invetaryes, 2s. ; lare stable (sic),
3s. ; Edward Robinson, 7d. ; geven to the poore at his buryall, ios.=
William Baird, who died in 1682, was probably married twice, for Martin
Baird, who seems to have been his eldest son, joined in a mortgage on the
loth of November, 1681, and William Baird, another son, to whom he con-
' Durlniiii Probate Registry. - Rev. John Hodgson's Cullcctwn. Cluviiigtoii Guard Book.
396
CHEXIXGTON CHAPKI.RY,
veyed a certain portion of his estate in 1675, was succeeded by his sisters,
who are described as his co-heiresses,' which would not iiave been the
case if his elder brother had been of the whole blood. On the 2nd of
November, 1692, Martin Baird conveyed the equity of redemption of his
lands to the mortgagee, John Kelly of Whorlton Moor."
KELLY OF WEST CHEVINGTON AND WHORLTON.
1'a 1 Kii K Ki i.iA of AnnitsforJ ; was party to the purchasf of Coquet I = land in 1681 (n);
died 20lh Oct., and was buried on the 22nd of the same month, 16S2, in the chancel
,11 I ..ni; ni-"t,in i . 'I : "ill t\:iU:\ 15th March, 1680/1 ; proved 1682 («).
.Mary ... ; living
in 169; (c).
a widow
Jolin Kelly of West W hoi Iton, son and heir ;
purchased Coquet Island, 4th .Xug.iiGSi (a),
and lands in West l"hevingMn, 2nd Nov.,
1692 (/4) ; held mortgases on Sturton
Grange and on Carter Moor. By will dated
30th Sept., 1696, he gave his lands at West
Chevington, Hauxley, Coquet Island, and
Annitsford to his son William (a) (i5).
Susanna ... , to
whom her hus-
band gave a
moiety of his
household
goods.
Thomas Kelly ; he and
his son Patriik were
named in will of John
Kelly, 3olh Sept.,
1696.
I^liia-'
tabeth.*
Isabel [? married Daniel
Squire, curate of St.
Jolni's, Newcastle] (e).
Ann.*
Dorothy.'
Jane [? married Edward
Kirton of Hauxley].
William Kelly of Whorl-
ton,son and heir. By will
dated 27th Dec, 1720,
he gave his lands at
Chevington, Hauxley,
Coquet Island, and An-
nitsford to his eldest
son John Kelly; proved
1728 («) ii).
Doroth)', daughter John Kel ly , to whom his father gave a messuage
of Ralph Soulsby at North Shields ; admitted to Merchants'
of ChoUerton ; company, 27th August, 1707 ; died 1721
articles before (^) ; executor to his brother William,
marriage 5th Patrick ; admitted to Merchants' company,
Sept., 1707 ; por- 30th August, 1710 ; died circa 1740 (^) ; an
tion, J^S°° C*^) ; executor to his brother William. [? Of
married at Choi- Dent's hole in 174S.]
lerton, l6thSept., Christopher ; named in his father's will.
1707. Joseph; an executor to his brother William.
I I I I
Susanna
Jane
Mary
Elizabeth
All named
in their
father's will.
John Kelly of Whorlton, son and heir ;
sold Coquet Island in 1734 («) ;
voted for Annitsford in 174S ; buried
at Newborn, 2i5t Nov., 1768; will
dated 17th Feb., 1739 (i).
Elizabeth ... ; sole executrix
to her husband's will («) ;
living 6th May, 1769 (</) ;
died at Newcastle, 23rd
Dec, 1774 (/)•
I I
Ralph ; admitted to Merchants' company, 28th
Sept., 1736 {g-).
William ; admitted to Merchants' company
in 1739 (.?)•
Both named in their father's will, but died
s.fi. in their eldest brother's lifetime (/<).
.Ann, sister and co-heiress; married at Gateshead, 17th Feb., 1731, John Vonholt; afterwards Of Dockwjay
Square, North Shields. By will dated 12th Aug., 1775, she gave her lands at Chevington to her son Henry,
with remainder to her daughter Dorothy, wife of Robert Clark (^).
Susanna, sister and co-heiress; married ... Weatherley of Newcastle. By will dated 26th March, 1787
(proved 1789), she mentioned her son, William Weatherley, of Snowdon's-hole, co. Durham, mariner, and
gave her lands at Chevington to her daughter Susanna, wife of Robert Dodd of Newcastle (//).
Dorothy, sister and co-heiress ; married at Newburn, 30th Dec, 1737, Robert Longridge of Newburn, and was
buried at the same church 3rd Sept., 1764 (;).
Elizabeth, sister and co-heiress ; married at South Shields, 31st Aug., 1740, John Dagnia. By will dated
loth Oct., 1785 (proved 1787), she gave her lands at Chevington to her youngest son William Dagnia, with
remainder to her daughter Dorothy Fish (/*).
(fl) DiiJte of Northumherland's A/SS. (</) The late Mr. Wm. Woodman's MSS.
(J>) Mr. George Tate's Deeds. (^) For pedigree of Longridge see vol. iv. p. 233,
(<;) Long Benton liegister and M.I. (/) Newcastle Chronicle^ 24th Dec, 1774.
(.f) Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, Dendy, ii.
* These ladies seem to have married respectively Robert Gibson of Newcastle, Joseph Ni.xon of Deckham hall,
and Thomas Denham of Rcdheugh, who were trustees and executors of the will of John Kelly in l6g6.
' There were apparently five sisters and co-heiresses : John Kelly (wlio died 176S) purchased the shares
of two of them, and the other shares were accjuircd by iilatthew White of Blagdon, whose successor in
title. Sir Matthew White Ridley of Blagdon, sold the same to Mr. George W. Tate, the proprietor of the
remainder of the township. - Mr George Tate's Deeds.
TOWNSHIP OF EAST CHEVIXGTON. 397
It is Stated that the tainilv of Kellv came from Scotland 111 tlu- lirsl half
of the seventeenth centiny ; towards the end of it thev acquired Coquet
Island and land at Annitsford, and are frequently met with as mortgagees.
Patrick Kelly, who died on the 20th of October, 1682, is described in
the register of Long Benton as ' perprobus, perdives, necnon perliberalis
Scotus de Annisfoord parentabatur.' '
The first record of the designation of Bullocks-hall occurs in
Armstrong's map of Northumberland, made in 1 769, and under this name
the estate was conveyed in 1805 by the trustees of the will of John Clark of
the Coal Exchange, London (who had by succession and purchase acquired
the undivided shares of his grandmother's sisters), to John Tindal of Eshott
East-house, who two years later resold to Ralph Fenwick of Shortridge.
Mr. Fenwick's representatives in 185 1 sold Bullocks-hall to Mr. G. W. Tate
of Guyzance East-house, the father of the present owner, Mr. George Tate
of Brotherwick.
TOWNSHIP OF EAST CHEVINGTON.
The township of East Chevington,^ which comprises an area of 2,240
acres, abuts at its south-east corner on the sea and thence stretches in a
north-westerly direction towards Acklington. The population has increased
very rapidly during the last forty years owing to the development of the coal-
field by the Broomhill Coal Company;'' in 1891 it was 1,550.' Besides the
hamlet or homestead of East Chevington,"* the mining village of Broomhill
and the hamlet of Red Row," the township contains the homesteads of
Broomhill, Woodside,' Maidens-hall,** and Whitefield.'
' Long Benton Register. Cf. Bcsly, Desultory Notices, etc., of Long Benton, pp. 13, 18.
'■^ The vill of East Chevington paid a sheriff's rent of 7s. 6d. Arch. Ael. 4to series, iii. p. 94.
^ Broomhill pit was sunk about 1S08 by Mr. John Anderson, then the tenant of Broomhill farm, but
since 1873 the colliery has Ijccn dcxclopcd, until at the present time about 1,200 men are employed, of
whom 550 are hewers, and the daily output averages 1,650 tons per day.
' The Census Returns are : 1801,123; 1811,170; 1821,207; 1831,234; 1841,289; 1851,377; 1861,
651 ; 1871, 1,134 ; 1S81, 1,511 ; 1891, 1,550.
^ Between the Red Row and East Chevington by the side of the burn there was a small homestead called
Salt-meadows ; every trace has disappeared, but it is occasionally mentioned in the Warkicorth Register.
" From the Red Row to the ancient chapel of West Chevington an old road led through the fields,
one of which, immediately to the west of the hamlet, now in rich old grass, is called Halison or Hallistone.
By the side of this road, until about the year iSoo, there stood an upright stone in a socket, which was
taken down by Mr. William Smith of Togston, then the tenant of Woodside farm, and converted into a
door sill at the then recently built homestead of Woodside. Ex inf. Mr. M. H. Dand. The Chevington
Board schools are built at the Red Row.
' The old homestead of Woodside stood in a field called ' Meggy's coat lap' by the side of Chevington
wood. ' During the eighteenth century called 'Face the deil.' Cf. Warlncortli Register.
' Sometimes called ' Philipsteads.'
398 CHEVINOTON CHAPEI.RY.
A nRiulHT ot tin- baronv ol Alnwick, Kast C'liLvinsitoi) was luld liv the
Vescis until tlit- twelfth ctiitiirv, when lands in (Ireat Chevin<^ton, apparently
comprising a moiety of the manor or township, were granted by William de
A''escv (died 1184) to Ernulph de Morwick (died before 1177), the grant
beins witnessed bv William Tison and his son German.' The other moietv
was granted, probably about the same period, to the Mautalents of Howick.^
On the 15th of September, 1236, there was a mandate to the sheriflf of
Northumberland to make a perambulation (which was to be produced before
the justices in eyre) between the lands of Richard de Mautalent in Cheving-
ton del Est and the lands of Hugh de Morwick in Chevington del West and
the lands of Jordan Heron in Hadston.^ About the year 1240 Chivington
del Est was held of the king in chief by William de \'escy,' from whom
Hugh de Morwick held it with Morwick as one and a half knight's fee of
ancient feoffment.* At Hugh de Morwick's death, about the year 1269, it
was found by inquisition that he held a moiety of East Chevington, by
knight's service, of Sir John de Vescy, which \vith Morwick was computed to
comprise thirty librates of land and to be worth ^"30 per annum."
There was a suit in 1 280-1 281 brought by Richard de Mautalent to
recover from John de Roseles, the husband of one of Hugh de Morwick's
daughters and co-heiresses, 20 messuages, 4^ carucates of land, and 20 acres
of meadow in East Chevington.^ Sixteen years later his name heads the
Subsidy Roll.
Chf.wington East .Subsidy Roij
Siimma bonoiuni Robcrli Mautal.ind .
„ C.ilberti Ficman
„ Johannis filii HuUc ...
„ .■\dae Roke ...
„ Hawisiae viduae
„ Robert! clciici
Summa bujiis villae, ^6 14s. Sd. Unde domino rcgi, 12s. 3d.
' Harl. MS. 1985, p. 290. Cf. Arch. Ad. iii. p. 132. - Cf. vol. ii. pp. 339, 340.
" 'Mandatum est vicecomiti Norhumb' .... Et quod fieri facial perambulacionem inter terrain
Jordani Heyrun in Haddiston' et terrant Hugonis de Morewic et Ricardi Mautalent in Estchyvinyton'.
Mandatum est vicecomiti Norhumb' quod faciat perambulacionem inter terram Hugonis de Morwic'
in Chivington' del W'cst et terram Ricardi Mautalent in Chivington del Est ; et habeat illani coram
justiciariis itinerantibus in partibus illis.' Close Rolls, 20 Hen. 111. m. 3, dorso. Cf. Ceil. Doc. Rcl. Scot.
liain, i. pp. 232, 235.
, 1296.
e. s. A.
S. ll.
2 12 4
undo
regi
4 9
0 18 6
> 8]
0 15 4
. 4i
0 15 10
1 5i
0 18 4
I 8
0 14 4
I 3l
* Testa dc Nevill: Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 209. ' Ihid. p. 210.
" Inq. p.m. Hugh de Morwyk, 53 Hen. 111. No. 18, taken at Newcastle, 26th .April, 1269. (
in de Vescy, 17 Edw. I. No. 25. Hartshornc, p. cxi.x.
' Rot. Pat. 9 Edw. I. m. 20, in dorso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, pp. 102, 103.
/,"
E.
ii.
s.
<i.
4
4
4
und
e regi
8
- 1
01
4
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6
8
3
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TOWNSHIP OF KAST chi;\inc;to\. 399
Three or four years afterwards actions were broujj;lu hv Robert de
Mautaleiit and Christiana liis wife against Kol)ert ch; Lnnilev and Thioiihania,
widow oi Jolm de Buhner, for conunon of pastiue in West Chevington and to
recover certain tenements in East Chevington.' Besides the name of
Robert de Mautalent, who heads the list, the Subsidy Roll of 13 12 contains the
interesting local name of Gilbert Bayard, and those of John the grieve,
Richard the grieve, and Thomas clericus.
Chf.vinion Est .Sim'.sidn- Kom,, i;,i2.
Siunnia bonoiuni Roberti Mautalent ...
„ Gilberti Frenian
„ Roberti filii Hugonis
„ Ranulphi forestaiii ...
„ Galfiidi filii Rogcri ...
Roberti de MoUiston
„ Johannis praepositi ...
„ Ricardi praepositi ...
„ Thomae clerici
„ Gilberti Bayard
Sunima totius villae de Clievinton Est, ^ig 6s. 6d. Unde regi, 38s. 8jd.
Twenty acres of land in Chevyngton Est worth 5d. an acre, with a
bondagium, containing 30 acres, worth 14s. a year, and 7 acres of land, also
worth 5d. an acre, were held from Ralph de Buhner by William Latymer,
who died about the year 1335, by the service of 2od. yearly; his heir was
his son, William Latymer, then aged five years." The Subsidy Roll of the
following year contains the name of Christiana, widow of Robert Mautalent.
Chevynton Est Subsidy Roll, 1336.
Johannes filius Willclmi, 5s. 4d.; Gilbertus bercarius, 4s.; Hugo de Mollesdon, 3s. 8d.; Johannes filius
Thomae, 3s. 4d. ; Christiana Maukaland, 6s. 8d. ; Gilbertus filius Ranulphi, 3s. ; Thomas Uayaid,
2S. 8d. ; Willelmus filius Gilberti, 2s. 4d. Summa, 31s.
In 1345- 1346 Sir Marmaduke de Lumley and David Gray held the
vills of East Chevington and Morwick from Henry de Percy of Alnwick.^
After the death of Sir Marmaduke de Lumley his lands at East Chev-
ington were occupied during the minority of his heir, and the issues were
' Rot. Pat. 28 Edw. I. m. 12 in dorso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 336.
■ Inq. p.m. William Latymer, 9 Edw. III. No. 51, taken at Newcastle on the .Saturday before
Christmas. Writ, dated AucUland, 2nd November, 1335.
^ ' Et eciam villas de Estre Chevyngtone et Morwyke quas Marmaducus de Lomley miles ct David
Gray tenent in dominico de praefato Henrico per homagium et fidelitatem et per scrviciuni unius feodi
militis et dimidii et per servicium annuatim xv die Julii xxs pro warda castri praedicti, et valent per
annum .xx li.' Inquisition on the death of Henry de Percy, 21st March, 20 Edw. III. Harlshcn-nc, p. 128.
Vol. V. 5'
400
CHEVINOTON CHAPEI.RY.
received bv John dt- Nevill, until August, 1383 ; they were worth 60s.
per annum.' Sir Ralph Lumlcy, the second son, and ultiinatclv heir, ot" Sir
Mannaduke, married John de Nevill's daughter,- and in the settlement of
his estates made on the 29th of June, I3<'^4, his lands in East Chevington
were included.^
The lands inherited by Sir Kalph de Bulnur through his mother from
Hugh de Morwick had, before the year 1386, passed to the issue of his sister
Eva, wife of Henry litz Hugh of Kavenswath, for vSir Henry litz Hugh,
knight, died on the 29th of August of that year seised of 48 acres called
' les dvmeynez,' of 4 husbandlands and two cottages in East Chevington ;
Henry fitz Hugh his son and heir was 23 years of age.''
Sir Henry fitz Hugh, who died on the nth of January, 1424/5, held
in East Chevington 48 acres of demesne land worth 2d. an acre, 2 acres of
meadow each acre worth 2s. a year, 3 roods of meadovv worth 6d. a rood, 3
messuages each worth i8d. a year, 3 husbandlands each of which was worth
3s. a vear, and two cottages each worth ]2d. a year.^ He also held a free
rent of 6d. a year from a piece of land called ' Spitelgarth,' " which may
possibly be represented by the unidentified lands in Chevington which, at
the dissolution of the monastic houses, belonged to the preceptory of Mount
St. John, in Yorkshire, and were then worth 2s. a year."
The fitz Hugh lands in East Chevington were, in 1568, held by Lord
Dacre of the South,^ who apparently sold them with his lands in Morwick to
Thomas Bates, for about the year 1586 the moiety of East Chevington,
formerlv held by Hugh de Morwick, was held by Thomas Bates (in
succession of the heirs of Lord fitz Hugh), and by Ralph Grey paying 6sr 8d.
yearly to Alnwick for castle guard and 8d. for cornage."
The descent of the Mautalent moiety of the township is more obscure
than that of the Morwick moiety. John Mautalent, son of Robert and
' /»(/. p.m. Rob. fil. et heres Mann, de Lumley, 7 Ric. II. No. 51, taken at Newcastle, on the
nth August, 1383. Writ, dated Westminster, 13th July, 1383.
- Surtees, Durham, ii. p. 162. ^ Recited in Iiiq. p.m. 5 Hen. IV. No. 30.
* Inq. p.m. Hen. fitz Hugh chr. 10 Ric. II. No. 16. Inquisition taken at Morpeth, loth October, 1386.
Writ, dated Westminster, 22nd September, 1386.
' Itiq. p.m. Henry fitz Hugh, 3 Hen. VI. No. 27. Inquisition taken at Morpeth, Saturday in Easter
week, 3 Hen. VI. Writ, dated Westminster, i3ih January, 1424/5- ° ^'"''•
* Ministers' Accounts, 38 Hen. VIII. to i Edw. VI. No. 51, m. 60. Cf. Arch. Acl. xvii. p. 279. Put.
Rolls, 4-5 Ph. and Mary, pt. 14, m. 31.
* Liber Fcodarii, 1568. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. Ixii. Cf. Ptit. Rolls, 24 Eliz. pt. 13,
in. I, ' Survey, 1 5S6. Duke 0/ Northumberland's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF KASI" CHKVINGTO.V. 40 1
Christiana, haviiis; translrrncl his allL-^iancc from Edward II. to the Scottish
king, his English h\iKls were confiscated,' and Iiis moiety of Howick was, on
the 17th of May, 13 19, in the presence of the parliament assembled at York,
granted to Thomas Grey of Horton." Grey petitioned for and subsequently
obtained the reversion of the moiety of Chyvyngton, whicli John de
Mautalent's mother, Christiana, held, not in dower, but by feoifment, which
moiety, the jurors said, was held of Robert de Lumley, by the service of lialf
a mark yearly for the ward of Alnwick castle ; it used to be worth in lime
of peace ;^'i3 6s. 8d.'
In 1341 Sir Gerard de Widdrington obtained a licenceHrom Edward III.
to grant to the chaplain performing divine service at Widdrington a certain
rent charged on his lands in Widdrington, Druridge, and East Chevington.
Sir John Widdrington, knight, who died on the 20th of February, 1443/4,
held of Henry, earl of Northumberland, in his demesne as of fee a moiety of
the vill of Cheyvyngton Est, which was worth 40s. a year.' He was
succeeded by his son, Roger Widdrington, who died on the 2nd of August,
1451, seised of a moiety of the vill of Est Chevyngton, which at that time
was worth 20s. a year, and ' not more on account of the destruction of the
Scotch and the desolation of the country in the last war.' '' The lands in
East Chevington stated to have been held by Sir John Widdrington in
1568' must have been during his lifetime conveyed to his son, Sir Henry,
who about the year 1586 held a moiety of the township,' and who by a
deed dated the 27th of April, 1583," limited the manors of East and West
Chevington to Hector Widdrington."'
' Inq. ad quod damnum, 12 Edw. II. No. 64. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 398.
- Cf. vol. ii. p. 349.
' Extent made in Newcastle, 24th March, 1318/9, pursuant to a writ of 1(1/ quod damnum. Inj. ad quod
damnum, 12 Edw. II. No. 64.
' Rot. Pat. 15 Edw. III. m. 9. Cf. Hodgson, Northumhcrtand, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 371 and pt. ii. vol. ii.
P- 2 34-
' Inq. p.m. John VVoddrington, 22 Hen. VI. No. 2>3- Inquisition taken at .Alnwick, 3rd .April, 22
Hen. \'l. Writ, dated Westniinster, 3rd March, 1443/4-
" Inq. p.m. Roger Wytheryngton, 29 Hen. VI. No. 25. Inquisition taken at .Alnwick, 13th September,
1451. Writ, dated Canterbury, 7th August, 1451.
■ Liber Feodarii, 1568. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. \\\\.
' Survey circa 1586. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
° E.x Grey Deeds ; Lambert MS. 1601-1602 : Charged on Heniy Witherington for relief of his lands
in East Chevington unpaid from 32 Elizabeth, 50s. ; Bailiffs' Accounts, 44 Eliz. ; Duke of Northumber-
land's MSS.
'" The will of Hector Widdrington, who was an illegitimate son of Sir John Widdrington, is printed in
Durham Wills, (jreenwell, ii. p. 232. Surtees Soc. No. 38.
402 CHF.VINGTON CHAPEI.RY.
As Chevington is not again niLiitioned in the Widdrington deeds it is
probabK that the deed made in 1583 may have been preliminary to the sale of
this estate, and that wlun Sir Ralph Grey included luist Chevington in tin.
settlement of his estates on the ist of March, 1607/8,' he may then have been
in possession of both moieties of the township.
At a muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March, 15S0, only one
horseman was provided by East Chevington ; but at the nuister taken t)n
Clifton field on the 24th of November, 1595, Roger Brotherwicke and Mark
Hedley, each provided with pelronel, coat of plate, steel cap, sword antl
dagger, presented themselves, but Brotherwicke's grey mare and Hedley's
grey nag were returned as unfit."
The only name entered in the Book of Rates of 1663 is that of Ralph
Grey, esquire, who was rated at _£"450 a year ; William, Lord Grey, answered
in 1664 at the Knights' Court of the barony of Alnwick for Morwick and
East Chevington.^
During the early part of the seventeenth century, East Chevington was
occupied by Edward Dodsworth, a member of the Yorkshire family of
Dodsworth of Barton, several members of which seem to have served the
Grevs of Chillingham in the management of their estates. The writer of
the Memoir of Ambrose Barnes states that Barnes was nephew of Henry
Dodsworth of the West park, near Romaldkirk, who was appointed to be
the king's huntsman in 1619, and who 'was well known to King Charles I.,
and sometime appeared at the head of the hounds when his majesty went
to hunt.' ' This Henry Dodsworth was a kinsman, seemingly a nephew,
of 'Edward Dodsworth of East Chevington, huntsman to King James,' who,
according to his epitaph in the churchyard of Warkworth, 'departed to the
mercy of God, the 30th of May, anno domini 1630.' ^
' Ex Grey Dials: Lambert MS. - Cat. Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 21 ; ibid. ii. p. 78.
' Alnwick CoLirt Rolls; Tate, Ahticick, i. p. 349.
* Memoir of Ambrose Barnes, Longstaffe, p. 34, Surt. Soc. No. 50.
■'' This inscription of this tombstone (which is the oldest existing in the churchyard) is preserved in
Ant. Repert. iv. p. 436 ; it has recently been reinscribed, bin the arms are incorrectly sculptured.
TOWNSHIP OF F.AST CHF.VINGTOX.
403
DODSWORTH OF KAST CHEVINGTON AND BARTON.
Akms :
Argeni : on a cbnnon bftween three hu^le horns sahte as fnany lifzants.
Heuilils' Visitation of Yorkshire, 1666.
KoliEKT DODSWOKl 11
liomaldkirk ; biiiioU
Dec, 1587.
I ihc West park, = Jane, daughter of Simon Lightfooi of
;il Romaldkirk, 12th
Barton, Richmondshire ; buried at
Romaldkirk, 8th Dec , 1603.
the 30ih of May, A. I). 1630' («) ;
April ; proved 27th Oct., 1630 (c).
Kdvvard Dodsworth
of Kast Chcving-
ton, probably son
of abo\e Robert
Dodsworth ;
' huntsman to
King James, who
departed to the
mercy of God
will dated loth
Katherine,
daughter
of.:. ;
executrix
to her
husluii.l.
Francis Dods-
worth of the
West park
and of
Cotherstone ;
nuncup. will
dated 23rd
Dec, 1624;
pioved 23rd
Jan. seq.
= Elizabeth,
dau. of ...
Lockey ;
married at
Romaldkirk,
28th Sept.,
1601 ; bur.
there, 7th
.March,
1 600/ 1.
I
\nlhony Doil.s-
wortli, bap-
tised at
Romaldkirk,
22nd .Mar.,
1583/4 ; Ser-
jeant of
buckhounds,
■634/5-
Henry Dodsworth of the = Elizabeth, dau.
West park, king's I of Matthew
huntsman, 1619-24 ; ^ Stoddart of
will dated 1st April, Barnard
1664. Castle.
Francis Dodsworth, Inp-
tised at Romaldkirk,
27lh Sept, i6j2 ;
master of the buck-
hounds to Charles II.
.Margaret ; married at
Romaldkirk, IQlh June,
1626, Ralj^h Simjison
of Shipley, co. Dur-
ham, ' a great hunter.'
Other
children.
Ralph Dods- =
= ...
worth of
Felton ;
mentioned
in father's
will ; died
1664.
Robert Dods-
1
Jane ;
worth ; liv-
living
ing i565.
1666.
Robert Dodsworth of
Barton, co. York
mentioned in
father's will ; will
dated 15th .Vlarch,
1650/1 ; died at
Barton, gth April,
1 65 1 [? commis-
sioner to William,
Lord Grey, Jm.,
1649/50].
= Margaret, daughter of
Arthur Hebbnrn of
Hebbinti ; married
secondly Col. Henry
Chaytorof Croft (who
died 1664); will dated
25th Sept., 1703 ;
died 24th, buried
at St. Cuthbert's,
Barton, 26th Feb.,
1703/4. aged 105.
I 1 I I I I I
Isabel ; married before 1630 to Stow.
Catherine ; mar, before 1630 to Beare, or Beard.
Jane ; mentioned in her father's will.
Frances ; married Edward Rochester, clerk,
vicar of Wooler, who died 1663.
Mary ; mentioned in her father's will.
Margaret, 1630 ; married at Berwick, 4th April,
1643, John Sleigh of Berwick, merchant 4/
Elizabeth, 1703/4 ; married firstly Robert Mur-
ton of Berwick, burgess ; secondly Samuel
Barker of Barton, co. York ; and thirdly
George Walton of Barton.
Thomas Dodswonh of B.irto.i, bap-
tised at Berwick, 22nd May, 1647 ;
enters jiedigree at Yorkshire Visi-
tation, Sth Sept., 1666, aged 19 ;
admitted to Gray's Inn, 9th Dec,
1667 {It) ; died 28th Sept., and
buried at St. Cuthbert's, Barton,
1st Oct., 1680, unmarried ; leav-
ing his sisters co-heiresses ; will
dated 28th Sept., 1680.
Elizabeth Dodsworth ; married
at St. Cuthbert's, Barton,
30th Jan., 1672/3 to William
Killinghall, of MiJJleton
George, co. Durham (who
died 1694/5) ; buried at
Middleton George, 19th
March, 1678/g.
Mary Dodsworth ; married at Mid-
dleton George, 27lh Nov., 1677,
to John Killinghall (brother of
William) ; married secondly John
Pemberton of Yoik ; and was
buried at Hurworth, co. Durham,
2nd Feb., 1729/30.
4-
(For pedigree of Killinghall, see Sur-
tees, Durham, iii. p. 223.)
This pedigree was prepared by the late Canon Raine of York, and may be compared with that entered in
Dugdale's Visitation of Yorkshire, 1666. Where additions have been made by the Editor references are given.
(a) M.I., Warkworth churchyard. (J)) Foster, Admissions to Grays Inn. (c) Durham Probate Registry.
Evidences to Dodsworth Pedigree.
1630, loth .\pril. W^ill of Edward Dodsworth of East Chevington, gentleman. To be buried in the churchyard
of Warkworth. To my two married daughters, Isabell Slow (? Stow) and Katheryne Beare (? Beard) 50s. each ; to
my unmarried children, Raph, Robert, Jane, Francis, Mary, Margaret, and Elizabeth, two parts of my goods; the
third part to Katheryne, my loving wife, whom I make my executor. Seal, a chevron between three liugte horns.
Proved 'in capella de Morpeth,' 27th October, 1630.
1630, iSth September. Inventory praised by William Craister, John Spore, Edward Patterson, and Jerrard
Browell. His poorse and apparell, ;^lo; 27 kye and calfe and a bull, ^^56 ; 4 quies and swine, £'i ; 7 young beasts,
.^S 8s.; 18 of younger sorte, .^18; 16 younger. ;^io 14s. 4d. ; 2 ox and 3 kye, .^7; 32 ox, 40 yewes, 20 hogs,
5 meares, and a foale, ;^llo 2s.; I ston'd colt, 3 wark horses, 2 young maies, ;^I2; in parlor and aboutc the house,
404 CHEV'INGTON CHAPEl.RY.
los. ; S w:iinrs, jpltw?, ymk?, ;uij h:iriows, /S ; hard corn, 16 boo(l). ^33 14s. 4d. ; 24 of orits./6o (?) ; 6 bpo(l)
of h«;ire, £i ; 3 bools of beans, £%; 3 hyves, lOs.; ciipboaid, a chare, stool?, and forms, £1 los.; 3 bedsteads, etc., £i ;
pewter and brass, fire crooks, tongs and spcet, £6 S?. 4d. ; 6 silver spoons and boole, los. ; other beddings, chests,
etc., cloihcf, and linen, ;^8 6s. Total, /368 13s. Owing to testator: by Sir Edward Grey, £2J ; )iy Jo. Sim, £$ ;
by M. Thompson, ;f6 los. ; by Fdmond Fynch, iSs. ^3985. Owing by testator, /no; servants' wages, /8 14s.
/llS 14s. Durham Pvohati Rfgislry.
16S0, :8th September. Will of Edward Dodsworth of Barton, gent. IJcing something sickly and weake in
body. All my lands, etc., in Barton to the heirs males of my sister Elizabeth Killinghall, deceased, and of my sister,
Mary Killinghall, and for defalt of such, to my cozen John Dodsworth of Watlass, esq , and his right heirs. 1 charge
mv brothir, John Killinghall, esq., to redeliver upp to my deare mother, Mrs. Margaret Chatcr, a bond for ^100; to
my friends, Mr. John Theobald?, as a token, £^ ; remainder to my sister, Mary Killinghall, and William Killinghall,
my nephew : to Mr. I.oftus, as a token, 5 guineas. Proved at York, I3ih July, 1681. York Piohate K/gittry.
16S3, 4th September. Will of John Sleigh the younger, of Berwick, burgess. 1 give to my wife, Jane, the £10
which my uncle, Robert .Morton, burgess, deceased, left me by will, which sum Elizabeth, his wife, was to pay me,
but she having married with Samuel Barker, and afterwards with George W.ilton, both of Barton in Yorkshire, the
said legacy was not paid me. Proved at Durham, 1684. Raine, Test. Dnnelm.
Mrs. Chaytor's alleged patriarchal age should be compared with the date ol her son's birth, as reckoned by
his age when he entered his pedigree at the Visi/ation of Yorkshire. The entry of her burial in the Barton register
is as follows: '1703,26th February. The buriall of Mrs. Margarett Chaytor, and aged 100 years and odd. She
marryed Coll. Chaytor to her second husband ; Mr. Rob. Dodsworth was her first.'
In the month of Uecember, 1703, the ' Saint Anna,' a Dutch vessel, came
into Shields harbour, and a portion of the cargo was found to comprise cases
of arms. Amongst the passengers were a German named Herman Mohl, who
w^as going to work at Shotley Bridge sword works ; Joseph Heron, servant to
Mr. Kamsav of Brinkburn, who was a captain in Colonel Collyer's regiment,
then quartered at Bergen op Zoom ; and Robert Dodsworth, a volunteer in
the same regiment, who belonged to the neighbourhood of Felton, and was on
furlough.^
The Felton register contains many entries relating to persons of this
name, some of whom were doubtless descendants of the huntsman's eldest
son, Ralph, who settled in that parish, but they cannot be connected.
It is possible that the husband of Edward Dodsworth's second daughter,
Catherine, may have been one of the Bards or Bairds of West Chevington.
Frances, the fourth daughter, married Edward Rochester, vicar of Wooler."
The Dodsworths were followed by the family of Brown, of which
successive generations, for a period of a century and a half, enjoyed the
tenancy.^ It is probable they originally came from the adjoining parish of
Woodhorn, in which some of them owned freehold lands at Cresswell and
tithes at Linton and Ellington.
' ExtYiuts from Sessions Rvcorcis, with the Newcastle Soc. of Antiquaries.
'■Edward Rochester by will dated 20th June, 1663, gave certain moneys 'to make a strong planke
bridge' for foot passengers over Wooler water, 'engraving at the one end of the bridge doe not sweare,
at the other bee not drunck.' Raine, Test. Dundm.
' In 1693 Thomas and Edward Brown farmed East Chevington at a rent of ^300. Earl of Tiinkcrvillc's
MSS. Ex inf. Mr. R. G. Bolam.
TOWXSHU' OF EAST CHi:\'I\GTON.
405
BROWN OF EAST CHEVINGTON.
EnwAKii Brown of East Chevington ; will dated 23rd Pec, 1719 ;
proved 1720 (c) ; buried 26lh Aug., 1720 («).
Maiy ... ; executri.\ to her
husband's will.
I
Nicholas Brown of East Cheviugton ; in 1722 voted = Isabella, daughter of ... Brown of Henry Brown
for a freehold at Newbiggin ; died at Ellington ;
buried 8th Feb., 1757 (17)
llawkhill ; married l8th Ma)',
1 70S (,/).
Richaid :
Brown
of East
Che\'ing
ton.
I
William Brown
[? of West Chev-
iugton] ; whose
son Edward had
the reversion of
a house at
Warkworth.
I
John Brown ;
dead before
the date of
his father's
will, leaving
a son Ed-
ward.
Edward Brown of East Cheviugton ; in 1774 voted for freehold at
Cresswell ; will dated 3rd July, 1784 ; proved 1786(1) ; buried
26th Jan., 1785 (a), aged 66 (/i).
Edward, bap. Mary; married ... Wake.
iSth June, Jane, baptised gth Dec, 1692 («) ;
1695 (rt) ; married 7lh July, 1717, John
buried nth Gregson of Sunnilaws (n).
May, 1696 Margaret, baptised 22nd March,
('0 W- 1697/S («) [?23rd June, 1723,
Thomas .'Vppleby] («).
.•\nne ; buried 27th Feb., 1697/8 («).
Eleanor . ; will dated 28th F"eb., 1804 ; proved
1804 (c) ; died at Flast Cheviugton, 6th March,
1S04, aged86 (a) (//).
I MM-
Henry, baptised A daughter, baptised 23rd April, 1747 (a).
8th April, 1760 Sarah, baptised 30th June, 1748 (a); buried
(«") ; buried 17th Dec, 1759 («).
jth Feb., 1764 Elizabeth, baptised igth April, 1750 (n) ; buried
(«). 1st Feb., 1 750/1 (ff).
Margaret, baptised 30th Nov., 1 75 1 (n) ; mar-
ried Henry Johnson of Hesket Newmarket,
Cumberland, clerk in orders, vicar of Bywell
St. Andrew and Bywell St. Peter. She died
... May, 1801 (/). sL-
;d 2nd
M M M
Isabella, baptised 20th June, 1755 (a).
lane, baptised 5th .Aug., 1757 (») ; biuic
Dec, 1786 (rt) (//).
.\nn ; buried 2Sth Jan., 1764 (n).
Eleanor ; married loth Jan., 1791, John Rich-
ardson of Morpeth («■) and of Newcastle,
colour manufacturer. She died at Eastlield,
l8th Nov.,lS32, aged 79 (i) s.p.
Two unnamed children, buried in 1759 («).
Edward Brown of Broom- =
hill, baptised loth Feb.,
1708/9 (a) ; died at East
Chevington ; buried 25th
July, 174S, aged 40 (a)
(fi) ; will dated gth July,
1748 ; proved 1748 (c).
Jane ... ; died at
Morpeth, 27th. -\pril,
1800, aged 86 («)
(//) ; will dated 15th
Dec, 1786 ; proved
1800 (c).
William Brown of El-
lington, baptised
loth June, I7i4(fl) ;
in 174S an executor
to his brother Ed-
ward.
I M M
John, baptised 3rd June, 1716 (n).
Thomas, baptised 17th Feb., 1717/8 (a).
Nicholas, baptised 15th March, I7I9,'20
(a).
*Jane, baptised iiih .\pril, 1710 (iz).
*.-\nne, baptised loth Oct., 1712 (a).
Edward Brown of Broomhill,
born at Hauxley ; baptised
2nd Dec, 1742 (a) ; died
23rd Sept., 1783, aged 41
(a) (*^) ; administration of
his personal estate granted
2ist July, 1786, to his
daughter Sarah (c).
= Frances, daughter of
Robert Widdring-
ton of Hauxley ;
married 30th June,
1767 (a) ; buried
2ist June, 1770
(a).
I I
Edward Brown, baptised 23rd Oct., 1770 (a) ;
buried 6th Sept., 1781 (a) ; administration
of his personal estate granted 1 6th Dec,
1799, to his sister {g).
Alice, born at Hauxley ; baptised 21st Aug., 1740 (3) ; married
firstly William Richardson of North Seaton ; secondly Edward
Bennet of Morpeth ; and thirdly John Wilson of Morpeth,
surgeon ; died s./-.
Isabella, twin with Edward, 'oaptised 2nd Dec, 1742 (a) ; married
igth Feb., 1776, Thomas Davies of Morpeth (a). 4,
Jane ; married her cousin Thomas Clark of Woodhorn, afterwards
of Broomhill, and died at Morpeth, s.fi., 13th June, 1831, aged
85 («). His will is dated 5th Nov., 1801 (c).
Mary ; died in infancy (/<).
Sarah, daughter and heiress, baptised Gth June, 1768 (a) ; articles
before marriage, 4th Aug., 1786 (.e) ; married 5lh .Aug., 17S6,
Joseph Cook of Newton-hall, clerk in orders. She assumed the
name of Widdrington, and died at Morpeth, nth Jan., 1840,
aged 71 (/') ; wilTdated 2nd Nov., 1831 Qg).
(d) LesburyRegister.
{/) M.I., Woodhorn.
(^f) Newcastle Coiirant, i6th May, 1801.
(..?) Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Deeds.
(a) Warkworth Register.
(/-) M.I., Warkworth.
(c) Diir/iani Pro!'ate Registry.
* One of these two ladies seems to have married Thomas Clark of Woodhorn.
406 CHKV'INGTON chapki.rv.
KviliENTES Ti) Bkown PEhUniEr.
1664, 21sl April. Bund ol in;iriiage, John Urowii of H;i.si Clicviiiglun and Ui.i.iliiy Ugle, s|)insl(;r.
lOtjl, 17th November. Mr. Thomas Brown of Chevington buried. Milford liegislcv.
ifigi, Slh October. Richard Brown of Chevington buried. Ihid.
1719, Jjrd December. Will of Edward Brown of Chevington. 1 give my corn tithes at Kliin^'lon to my wife
Mary Brown for life, and then to my grandson Edward Brown, son of my son Nicholas Brown. My house at VVark-
worlh to my wife for life, and then to my grandson Edward, son of my son William Brown. To my grandson
Edward, son of my late son John Brown, deceased, £10. My sons Henry, Richard, and William Brown. My house-
hold goods to my wife and to my daughters Mary Wake, Jane Gregson, and Margaret Brown. My wife executrix.
Proved 17:0. Durham ProlaU Registry.
1 74S, gth July. Will of Edward Brown of Broomhill. I give my tithes of Ellington to my son Edward. f.\ per
anninn to my father. Nicholas Brown. My daughters Alice, Isable, Jane, and Mary. My wife Jane and my brothers
Thomas Clark of Woodhorn and William Brown of Ellington, executors. Proved 1748. Raine, Test. Diinelm.
1749/50, 15th February. Elisebetha Brown annos nata 105 de West Chivinton. Warkworth Register of Burials.
1784, 3rd July. Will of Edward Brown of East Chevington. I give ray landed estate, houses, slock, and
crop at Cresswell, and my (leasehold) farm at East Chevington to my wife Eleanor Brown, and after her death or
remarriage I give the same equally amongst my daughters Margaret Johnson, Eleanor and Jane Brown. The
Rev. Henry Johnson to be accountable to my daughters Eleanor and Jane Brown for what money he has got from
me. I give my shares in the 'William and Hannah' of Sunderland and in the sloop ' Robert and Ann ' of Alnmouth
to my wife. Edward Cook of Togston, esq., Mr. William Wake of Greensfield and Mr Edward Fenwick of Newton
to be executors. Proved loth April, 17S6. Durham Prolmie Registry.
The Browns were succeeded in 1805 by Mr. James Wilson, of a Berwick
family, and he in succession by Messrs. Lowrey and Alderson. Earl Grey is
now the proprietor of the whole township.
TOWNSHIP OF HADSTON.
The small boronv held of the king in chief as one knight's fee of
ancient feoft'ment,' which had for its oi/^iit the vill of Hadston, was created
by Henrv I. and bestowed on Ralph de Wirecester. Its co-ordinate but
widely separated members comprised West Swinburn and Colwell on the
North Tyne ; Chirton and Flatworth, near Tvnemouth ; and Little Benton,
near Newcastle. The township of Hadston, from which the baronv takes its
usual titular designation, abuts on the North Sea and has an area of 1,175
acres. Its arable land (admirably suited for the cultivation of wheat) is
separated from the firm white sands which fringe Druridge Bay by a strip of
link or sand dunes, a valuable store house for the entomologist and botanist
of a variety of little known treasures. During the present century the
population has been almost stationary ; in 1891 it was 78.'^
The scanty information which has been gleaned from all known sources
concerning the connection of the Wirecesters with Northumberland has
already been set out in the account of West Swinburn.^ Ralph de
' Testa de Nevill, p. 381 b; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. pp. 203, 222.
'The Census Returns are : 1801, 68; 1811,72; 1821,88; 1831,97; 1841,71; 1851,103; 1861,92;
1871, 55 ; 18S1, 81 ; 1891, 78. ' C/. vol. iv. p. 272.
TOWNSHIP OF HAnSTON. 4O7
Wirecester (or dc Wisornia), wIki was in possession of tlie baronv in i 168,'
informed Henrv II. tliat Jordan Heron (who seems to have been a near
kinsman, and who was subseqncntlv his heir) held from him certain hinds
(in all probability the township of Hadston) for the service of a qnarter of
one knight's fee.' Ralph de Wirecester granted Flatworth to the prior and
convent of Tynemonth,' and in 1 173 he paid igs. 6d. for scutage.' The vill
of Hadston is mentioned in tht- Pleas of the Forest for Northnmberland in
I H-jO and 1191,'^ and in 1195 it was tallaged at i mark.''
The assessment for the Wirecester fee for tht- first scntage of King
John, amomiting to 2 marks, was paid in 1199 by Jordan Heron, who is
described as the heir of Ralph de Wirecester.' In the following year he
paid 20s. into the Treasury, and owed other 20s. on account of the second
and third scutages of the same king.** In 1202- 1203 there was a suit between
Heron and Gilbert Hansard, who held of him the vill of Chirton,^ and on the
15th of September, 1236, the sheriff' of Northumberland was commanded to
make a perambulation between Jordan Heron's lands in Haddeston and those
of East Chevington."* Jordan Heron's name is inserted in the list of those
who, in 1245, paid the aid granted to Henry III. for the marriage of his eldest
daughter." He must, however, have died shortly afterwards, for the Testa de
Nevill defines the terms under which he held his barony,'" and also records
the name of the outlying members of the barony at Swinburn, Colwell,
Chirton, Flatworth, and Little Benton, held from his heir, William Heron."
' Pipe Rolls, 14 Hen. II. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 12. Cf. Pipe Rolls, 15, 16, 17, iS
Hen. II.
- ' Henrico Regi Anulorum duci Normanorum, coniiti Andegaviae, Radulfus de Wirecestria salutem.
Sciatis quod teneo de vobis in capita de veteri felTamento, feodum j militis unde debeto vobis facere
servicium j militis. Et de eodem feodo Joidanus Hairun debet michi facere quartam partem servicii de
novo feftamento, et Paganus de Wirecestria aliam quartam partem servitii similiter de novo feffamento. Et
monachi de Tinmutha viij partem et Willelmus filius Adae tertiam partem, unde desseisitus sum precepto
vestro. Et superplus jacet super dominium meum.' Red Book of Exchequer, i. p. 441. Cf. Hodgson,
Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 304. The baron's cartels arc now considered to be about the year 1 166.
'' Inspeximus, 29th June, 1271, Charter Roll, 55 Hen. III. m. 3. Cf. Gibson, Tyncmouth, ii. p. xxv.
'Pipe Rolls, 19 Hen. II. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 301.
^ Ibid. I and 2 Ric. I. Ibid. pp. 49, 51. " Ibid. 6 Ric. I. Ibid. p. 53.
' Ibid. I John. Ibid. p. 68. " Ibid. 2 John. Ibid. pp. 72, 79.
" P.R.O. Curia Regis Rolls 26, rot. 6, dorso. Placitorum Abbreviado, Term Pasch. 4 John. Ibid. pt. iii.
vol. ii. p. 338. '° Close Rolls, 20 Hen. III. m. 3, dorso. Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. Bain, i. p. 235.
" Pipe Rolls, 29 Hen. III. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 208.
'- ' Jordanus Hayrun tenet baroniam suam in capite de domino rege per servicium unius militis: et
omnes antecessores sui tenuerunt per idem servicium post tempus primi regis H., qui eos fcofiavit et dc
feofifamenlo isto nichil est vel datum per maritagium vel elemosinam vel aliquo alio modo undo dominus
rex minus h.abeat de servicio suo.' Testa de Nevill, p. 329 b {circa 1240). Cf. Hodgson, Northumberland,
pt. iii. vol. i. p. 234. Jordan Heron also rendered an account for the aid for the marriage of the king's
sister to the Emperor Frederic II. Testa dc Nevill, p. 394 b.
" Ibid. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. pp. 203, 214, 222.
Vol. Y. 52
408 CHEVINGTON CHAPEI.RV.
Bv the terms of its tenure the barony was bound to iMiild one ol tlu-
baron's houses within the castle of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,' and to provide
one of the fiftv-six men who formed the ordinary garrison of that fortress;
the latter obligation bv the time of Henry III. had become commuted
for the payment of 13s. 4d. a year." On the 29th December, 1251, tlie
king, being at York, granted to William Heron free warren in all the lands
in his manor of Hadston.^
At the Northumberland assizes in 1256 there was a suit concerning a
chest, which, having been thrown up by the sea at Hadston, had been broken
open and its contents abstracted by a certain Ralph, son of Henry of Amble.'
William Heron died about the year 1257 seised of the manor of Hadston,
which comprised 317^ acres of arable land and 22 acres of meadow; there
were 36 bovates of land, each of which was bound to make 8 days' works ;
twelve cottages, each of which had to make 12 days' works, and the mill was
worth 24s. a year. There was also a free tenant who held 60 acres,
and another free tenant who held a borate of land.^
' 'Item, dominus de Haddeston edificabit unam domiim.' Inquisition, y Edw. III. No. 68, second
numbers. Arch. Acl. new series, iv. p. 48. • Ibiii. pp. 75, 77.
^ ' Rex arcliiepiscopis. etc., salutem. Sciatis nos concessisse et hac carta nostra confirmasse dilccto t-t
tidcli nostro Willclmo Heirun quod ipse ct heredes sui inperpetuum habcant libcram warennam in
oninil)us dominicis tcrris suis manerii sui de Haddeston' in comitatu Nortliumljrie. l)um tamen terre illc
non sint infr.i melas forcstc nostre. Ita quod nullus intret terras ilins ad fu^andum in eis vcl ad aliquid
capicndum quod ad warennam pcrtinet sine licencia et voUmtate ipsius Willelmi vel hcredum suorum
super forisfacturam nostrani decern librarum. Quare volunius, etc. Hiis tcstibus, \encrabilibus jjatribus
S. Karl' et L. Roflf' episcopis, \VilIelmo de Valencia fratre nostro, Maunsel prcposito Bcvcrlaci, Kadulfo
filio Nicholai, Jolianne de Lessinton', maj^istro W. de Kilkenni archidiacono Covcntrie, Rogero de
Tliurkcll>y, Roberto Walcrani', Roberto de Mucegros, W'illelmo de Chaenny, Roberto ]e Norreys, Kadulfo
de Wauncy, Rogero de Lokinton' et aliis. Datum per manum nostram apud Eboracum, .\.\ix die
Decembris.' Chcirtcr Roll, 36 Hen. III. m. 24.
* Northumberlaud Assize Rolls, 40 Hen. III. Page, p. 78. .Surtees Soc. No. 88.
'• Iiiq. p.m. Will. Heyrun, 42 Hen. III. No. 24. Writ, dated Windsor, 20th January, 1257/8. The
inquisition was taken at 'Calcetum' [Cawsey park, cf. Hodgson, Northumhcylaiui, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 131] on
the .Sunday after the 2nd February, 1257/8 ; the jurors say that William Heyrun held in chief of the king
the manor of Haddeston, ' Et sunt ibidem in dominico xv"" et xvij acre et dimidia quarum quelibet
valet per annum viijrf., unde summa x//. xjs. viijrf. Et in dominico de prato xxij acre quarum quelibet
valet per annum ijs., undc summa xliiijs. Item, sunt ibidem xxxvj bovate terre defensabilis quarum
quelibet bovata valet per annum vjs. xjrf. oh. unde summa xij/;. xs. vjrf. Et preter hoc quelibet bovata
facit per annum viij operaciones ct dimidiam que valent viijrf. ob. unde summa xxv5. vjrf. Item, est ibi
unuin molendinum sine secta debita quia multura dicti molendini computatur in firmis bondorum et
tamcn \alet per annum xxiiijs. Item, sunt ibi xij cottarii quorum c[uilibet reddit per annum in denarios
xij denariis et quilibet facit xij operaciones quarum quelibet valet per annum xiji/. unde summa in denariis
et opcracionibus xxiiijs. Item, herbagium curtilagii valet per annum xijif. Item, est ibidem unus liber
et tenet Ix acras terre pro dimidia libra piperis et pro multura sua dat vs. per annum ct alius liber qui
tenet unam bovatam terre per Vyl. tantum per annum. Unde summa summarum extent, predict! manerii,
x\\Kli. vs. xrf. et dimidia libra piperis.' He holds the said manor by the service of one knight.
Nicholas de .'^.keton holds of the said William the vill of Aketon for i mark yearly.
The said William holds of dominus Roger Maudut in Bokenfeud half a carucate of land, worth
yearly 50s., and one cottage, worth yearly 2s. Sum 52s.
He holds of Adam Mansetur, in Thrastereston, 2 acres of meadow, worth yearly 3s.
William Herun, his son, is heir, aged 18 years on .St. Martin's day last (November nth, 1257).
I
s,
■ i.
(1.
5
>S
O
undc regi
9;;
o
'5
4
4i'
I
3
lo
T
I
I
lO
III
o
12
o
I
o
I I
o
0
Undc domino regi,
17s.
S:
Id.
TOWNSHIP OF HADSTON. 409
He was succeeded by his son, who bore the same name of William, and
was 18 years of age on the 1 ith of November, 1257. In an action brought
by him in 1277 against Master Adam de Bokingfeud, a certain Gilbert de
Hadeston acted as his attorney.' His name lieads the Subsidy Roll of 1296,
and he died at Newcastle on the Sunday before the 21st of December of the
same year, having survived his only son, Walter Heron.
Hadeston Subsidy Roll, 1296.
Sumnia bonoriini doniini Willelnii Heyion
„ Thoniac filii Radiilplii
„ Brun filii \\'alteri ...
„ VVillelmi filii Gilberti
„ Gilberti Flynt
„ Roberti Freman
Siimma hujus villae, £<) 12s.
William Heron must have alienated some of the lands to which he
succeeded on his father's death, for in the inquisition taken at Newcastle
on the 13th of January, 1296/7, it was found that he died seised of the
capital messuage of Hadston worth 2s. a year, 200 acres of land worth 6d. an
acre, and 16 acres of meadow worth I4d. an acre. There were ten bondage
holdings which paid j^ 13 gs. gd., and eleven cottages paid 14s. 5d. a year.
Robert Freman, Avhose name appears in the Subsidy Roll, paid iid. and a
pound of pepper (or I2d.) for his tenement;' the autunni bondage works due
from the bondage holdings were commuted for igs. 2d., and those from the
cottages for 5s. 3d.; the windmill was worth 13s. 4d. and 2s. 6d. was
received in lieu of mowing the demesne meadow. Thomas de Fisseburn
and his parceners held of Heron the manor of West Swinburn, Gilbert
Umframvill held Colwell, and xA.dam de Benton rendered I2d. or a pair of
gilt spurs for the manor of Little Benton. The whole barony was worth
_^23 a year, and was held of the king in chief by the service of a knight's
fee and the payment of 13s. 4d. for castle ward at Newcastle. He also
held lands and service at Bockenfield, Acton, and elsewhere. '' His widow,
' De Banco Roll, 5 and 6 Edw. I. m. 116 d. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 345.
^ The small freehold which belonged to Robert Freeman in 1296 and 1297 may have been that
comprised in a grant, 20th June, 1475, by Thomas Middilton of Silkesworth, esq., to Sir John IVIiddilton,
knight, William Hilton, esq., Robert Tempest, esq., Robert Porter, Robert Harbotill, and John Skynner,
priest, of all his messuages, lands, etc., in Hanlawe, Tynemouth, Hadilston, Alnewick, and Do.-;ford.
Seal, a bird displayed. From the original in the possession of Mr. William tJrey Robinson of Silksuorth.
^ Inq. p.m. Will. Heyrun, 25 Edw. I. No. 25. Writ, dated Ipswich, 25th December, 1296. William
Heron died in Newcastle on the Sunday before the 2 1st December, 1296. In another skin of the inquisition
he is said to have died on the morrow of St. Nicholas, i.e., on tl'.e 7th December.
4IO CHEVINGTON CHAPEI.RY.
Marv Htron, in I2qj, bv the kind's order, was given a third part of the
manor of Hadston [inter alia) as her dower,' which arrangement is recited
in an agreement in the following year made by herself wiili her husband's
kinsman, Gilbert Heron. '
Emeline, the only child of Walter Heron, '^ and her grandfather's heiress,
was at his death six years of age, and resided at Gissing in Norfolk with Lady
Emeline de Hastings. She was afterwards married to John Darcy of Knayth
in Lincolnshire, probably before 13 12, though the name of her grandfather
and not that of her husband stands at the head of the Subsidy Roll of
1312.
Hadeston Sudsidv Roll, 1312.
€ s. d.
Summa bononim Willclmi Heyron ... ... ... 5 o o
„ Roberti filii Aliciae ... ... 168
„ Willclmi filii Gilbcrti ... ... i 12 2
„ Willelmi filii Roberti 1 11 2
„ Roberti Brun ... ... ... i 12 10
„ Thomae filii Radulphi ... ... 184
s.
d.
uncle regi
1 2
0
'>
s
3
2i
3
li
3
3i
0
10
Totius villae de Hadeston 13 II 2 „ 27 lA
H.vDDisTON Subsidy Roll, 1336.
Johannes Darcy, Ss. ; WiUclmus Cadman, 4s. ; Willelmus filius Adae, 2s. 8d. ; Robertus filiiis Adae,
6s.; Willemus filius Galfridi, 5s.; Willelmus Frankes, 3s.; Robertus bercarius, is. Sd. Summa, 30s. 4d.
Sir John Darcy, a distinguished soldier, was constable of Norham, 13 1 6-
131 7,' and his arms, azure, semy of crosses croslet, and three ciiiqitefoils
argent, may still be seen on one of the remarkable series of shields
sculptured on the gatehouse of Bothal castle.^ He died 30th May, 1347,
seised of the manors of Wooler and Belford, with lands at Lowick, Easington,
and elsewhere in Northumberland, and also of the barony of his wife's
ancestors at Hadston,'' which, as is shown in the following table, continued
for many generations in their descendants :
' Inq. p.m. Walter Heron, 25 Edw. 1. No. 25. Writ, dated Westminster, 23rd April, 1297.
- Lansdowne MS. 326, fol. 45 a. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, Y, pp. 315-318.
^ Walter Heron married at Alverstayn in Yorkshire on the 27th of October, 1284, a certain .■\lice, who
seems to have been a daughter of Sir Nicholas Hastings of Gissing in Norfolk, by Emeline, his wife.
Walter Heron, at the church door, with the assent of his father, William Heron, endowed his wife with
the third part of the manor of Notion, etc^ and she was living a widow in 1295. Dv Banco Rolls, 108;
Rot. 45 (Easter, 23 Edw. I.). In the time of Henry III. the manor of Silkston was held by Roger de
Notion, whose only daughter and heiress, Christian, carried it in marriage to William Heron. Hunter,
SoKthrrii Yorkshire, vol. ii. p. 222. Cf. Rotiili Fiiiiuin, ii. p. 54, or Fine Roll, 54 Hen. III. m. 11.
' Dugdale, Baronage (ed. 1675), '• PP- 37'-3- ^ Border Holds, i. p. 290.
° /;(/. p.m. John Darcy, 30 Edw. III. No. 31. This inquisition is now too faded to be read.
TOWNSHIP OF HADSTON.
4"
DARCY OF HADSTON. AND OF KNAYTH IN LINCOLNSHIRE.
Akms : Asure, semy of crosses cioss/et, and Ihrie cinque/oils, argtnl. Sliield at Bothal castle.
Emelina.ilaiigliter and heir- = John D.\RCY (le Pier) oflCnaylh, Lincolnshire, govern- = Johanna, ilau. of Richard, carl of
ess of Walter Heron of
Hadston ; died before
July, 1529 (;•).
■of Norham, 1316-7 ; died 30ih May, 1347 («)(').
Ulster; mar. 3rd July, 1329 (>-).
I
William ; born 1330 (>■).
.1
Elizabeth [married James, carl of Ormond] (Ji).
Alienor
John Darcy (le Fuitz) of Knayth ; was = Elizabeth, daufjhicr and heiress of Nichol
30 years of age at his father
death ; died on the Saturday after
St. Chad's day (2nd March), 1355/6
Lord Sleynill ; born and baptised at
Whorlton, I5tli Oct., 1331. Sheremarried
Peter de Mauley, lord of .Mulgravc, and
died 9th July, 1368 (f/)(0.
Ro£;er
(O-
Eleanor
('■)■
Robert
('■)•
John, Lord Darcy, son
and heir ; died in
his minority 26th
Aug., 1362 (c).
I
Philip ((jAfM- John), I,ord Darcy, was born at York in the house = Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas
of the Friars Preachers, and liaptised on .Ascension day, 1352 Grey of lleton ; had assign-
(/) ; was 21 years of age and upwards in 1373 ('Oi ''■'='' ment of her dower, 1st Aug.,
24th .Xpril, 1399 (.e) ; buried at Guisbro' ; will dated 16th 1399 (^) ; died nth Aug., 1412
April, 1399 (/). (■*)■
John, Lord Darcy, son and heir, = .Margaret, daughter of Henry, Lord
was 22 years of age and up
wards in 1399 (.?) ; died gth
Dec, 141 1 (k) (;•) ; will dated
2nd .'Vug., 141 1 (m) ; ' to be
buried at Guisbro' or Selby.'
Philip, Lord Darcy, son and
heir, was 14 years of age at his
father's death ; was found heir
to his grandmother in 1412 ;
marriage settlement, nth Oct.,
1411 (/■) ; died underage 2nd
Aug., 1418(0)0-).
I I
Grey of Wilton (»). She remar-
ried Sir Thomas Swinford, and
died on Saturday after Ascension
Jay, 1454 (O-
1 I I
William
I'hilip
Thomas
Named in
their father's
will.
I I I
Elizabeth
Johanna
Elena
1 Named in
\ their father's
\ will.
Eleanor, daughter of
Henry, Lord Fitz-
hugh of Ravens-
wath {ij). She
remarried ... Tun-
slall and died 30th
Sept., 1457 (y).
Sir John Darcy; = Johanna, daugh-
died 1457/8 ter of John,
(/<). ^ Baron Grey-
stoke (/•).
I I I
Elizabeth
.Mathilda
Margery
I All named
> in their
1 father's will.
Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress, was 2 years of age and upwards at her father's death (u) (;•) ; married
Sir James Strangeways of Harlesay castle, who was justice of the Court of Common Pleas, 6th I'"eb.,
1426, and Speaker of the House of Commons, I Edw. IV. («). She was living 6th I^ec, 1459 {fj). ^^
IMargery, daughter and co-heiress, born at Ravenswath, ist Sept., 1418 (»•) ; married Sir John Conyers of
Hornby, knight of the G.arter. He died 14th March, I489i'90 (/). She was living 6th Dec, 1457 (7).
((/) Inq. p.m. John Darcy, 21 Edw. III. No. 54. Guishro' Charlulay\% Brown, i. p. 121. Surt. Soc. No. 86.
(/<) Inq. p.m. John Darcy, miles, 30 Edw. lU. No. 33. Hodgson, NoythumbeilanJ, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 78. The origin.\l
of this inquisition is now too faded to be read,
(c) Inq. p.m. John fil. et heres Job. Darcy de Knayth, 47 Edw. HI. fiist numbers. No. 11, taken at Felton, i6th Nov.,
1373. Writ, dated Westiuinster, i6th Oct., 47 Edw. Ut. Cf. Hodgson, Norlhuinberland, pt. iii. vol. i.p, 87.
The record of the finding of the jury is peculiar. ' Et dicunt quod Johannes Darcy frater ejus est propin-
quior heres predioti Joliannis filii Johannis Darcy defuncti et est etatis xxi annorum et dimidie.'
(</) Fourth Report of the Dep. Keeper of Pufi/ic Records, app. ii. p. 131. Giiishro' Chartulary, Brown, i. p. 121.
(c) Inq. p.m. ElizalDeth filia et heres Nic Meynil ch. ux. Petri Malo Lacu prius nupta Joh. Darcy, 42 Edw. III.
No. 44. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 83.
(/) Inq. for proof of age, 47 Edw. HI. Fourth Report of the Dep. Keeper of Public Records, app. ii. p. 137. Cf.
Guisbro^ Chartularv, i. p. 121.
is) Inq. p.m. Philip Darcy, chi. 22 Ric II. No. 17. Writ, dated 2Sth April, 22 Ric II. Printed in Ford Tithe Case,
p. 230. Cf Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 261.
(/;) Inq.fi.m. Elizabelha quae fuit uxor Phillippi dominide Darcy, 13 Hen, l\'. No. 56, taken at Alnwick, 6th Sept., 141 2.
Cf. Ford Tithe Case, p. 231 ; Hodgson, Northumliertand, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 267; also Inq. p.m. 7 Hen. V. No. 78.
(7) Inq. p.m. Margareta ux' Johannis Darcy, iniles, 32 Hen. VI. No. 15. Writ, dated Westminster, 15th June.
1454. Cf. Ford Tithe Case, p. 237. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 275.
if) Inq. p.m. Joh. Darcy, miles, 13 Hen. I\'. No. 36, taken at Newcastle, 2nd June, 1412. Writ, dated Westmin.Uer,
I2th Dec, I411. Cf. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 267.
(/) Test.Ebor.K:\\we,\.f.2--,\. Surt. Soc. No. 4. («;) /v/i/. p. 356. («) /i4;//. ii. p. 244 n. Surteei ."-'oc. No. 30.
(0) Inq. p.m. Philip Darcy, miles, fil' Joh. Darcy domini IJarcy, 7 Hen. V. No. 78. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii.
vol. ii. p. 26S. (/>) Test. Ebor. Raine, iii, p. 2S9 n. Surt. Soc. No. 45.
(y) Inq. p.m. Alianora ux. I'h. Darcy, miles, 36 Hen. VI. No. 30, taken at Morpeth, 6lh Dec, 1457. Writ, dated
VVestminster, 23rd Oct., 36 Hen. \'I. Cf. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 277,
(;■) Dugdale (ed. 1675), Baronage, i. pp. 371-3.
^IJ CHrA'INGTOX CHAn-.I.RV.
In the partition of the Darcv estates between Philip, Lord Darcy's two
co-heiresses, Hadston seems to have fallen to tlu- rkUr clau^httr, Elizabeth,
who became the wife of Sir James Strangeways of Harlsey castle near North-
allerton, who, in 1461, was Speaker of the House of Commons. After the
death of his descendant, Sir James Strangew^ays the younger, Hadston, in
1543, by a judicial decision' became the property (subject to Lady Strange-
ways' dower) of Robert Ross, son of Robert Ross of Ingmanthorp by his
wife, Marv, daughter and nlliniately co-heiress of Sir James Strangeways the
elder.- Ross was a spendthrift, and soon dissipated his patrimony. Hadston,
before 1568, was acquired by Robert Brandling of North Gosforth, whose
name in that vear appears in the Feodary's Book for Northumberland.^
The township of Hadston provided eight efficient men at the muster
taken on Alnwick Moor in 1538 : a ninth man was returned as inefficient.
Hadston Muster Roll, 1538.^
Ed. Turpyng, Ed. Barde, Willme Bruyll, Gylbt. Tyller, Garret Turping, John Bruyll, John Ellwod,
George Bruyll, able in horse and harness. Robt. Tayller, not able.
At a similar muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March,
1580, three horsemen only appeared from Hadston. On the 12th of
March, 1589/90, at a Warden court held at Staweford, John Rey of
Hadston entered a bill against James Young of the Cove and his brother
Mark, Thomas Burn of Elisheugh, John and James Kar, sons of the laird
of Corbett, and others, who, he alleged, had stolen from him at Hadston
in Lent of the previous year insight gear and three mares.'*
The following will and inventory extracted from the registry at
Durham refer to a personal estate of a member of the family of William
Browell, whose name stands third upon the Muster Roll of 1538 and whose
descendants still remain in the district :
161 1 (circa). Will of Lancelot Urouell of Hadston, yeoman. My body to be buried within the parish
church of Warkworth. I give to my father, John Browell, one oxe ; to my son, John Browell, four oxen ;
to my son, Edward Browell, a foall ; to my son, Mark Browell, a foale; and to my son, Robert, another
foale. ' I leave my sone, John Browell, to be tenant to the lord for the years which are to come. i6i i.'
Proved on the 26th of April, 161 1.
' This document, dated 15th June, 1543, and confirmed in the following year by an Act of Parliament, is
printed (abridged) by Mr. William Brown in his Hist, of Mount Grace, ywc^s.^ n'/i. Soc. J^oKnin/, vii. p. 490.
- Sir Richard Strangeways, knight (son of Sir James Strangeways by Elizabeth Darcy his wife), died
on the 13th of April, 1488, seised of the manor of Hadston, worth ^5 a year. {Iii:j. p.m. 19th July, 3 Hen.
VH. Cal. Inq. Hen. X\\. i. p. 1 19) : his son, Sir James Strangeways, knight, was then 28 years of age and
upwards. The latter had by his first marriage (with others) Mary, wife of Robert Ross of Ingmanthorp,
and a son and heir, Sir Thomas Strangeways. Sir Thomas left two sons, viz., Thomas, who died
unmarried, and Sir James, who married Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Pygot, but died s.p.
CJ. Flowers' VisUal'wn of Yorkshire, 1563 and 1564 ; Norcliffe, pp. 299-300 : Harl. Soc.
' Liber Feodarii, 10 Eliz. 1568. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. Ixiii.
'Arch. Ad. 410 series, iv. p. 163. ^ Cal. Border Papers, Bain, i. pp. 21, 365.
I'dWNSHIP OF HAOSTdN. 4I3
161 1, iStli April. Iii\x'nt(iiy of jjoods, etc., prascd by Edwaiil ' .ind Williaiii 'rurpiii, Kiidiard Wardcll,
and Nicholas Whearer." Imprimis, 16 oxen, £2,2 ; 6 kync, 4 quyes, 2 slots, 3 styrks, and 8 calves,
/'20 i6s. ; souen 9 boulcs of wheat, estimated to 27 boules, ^15 12s. ; sowcn of rye a loade, estimated to 6
boules, £2 ; 17 yewes and lambs, 9 ycald shcepe and i 5 hogyes, ^10 i6s. ; ainieryes and other implements
of wodd belonginge to the house, £2> '(^s. 4d. ; a caldron, 2 ceatles and 2 panns, 4 potts, g putter vessals,
and candlestickes and 2 salts, ^3 7s. ; 3 coverlids, 4 plads, 4 pairs of shcates, etc., 2 cushins and 3 clothes,
^3 6s. 8d. ; 3 naggs and 2 foales, £<) i "js. 4d. ; 6 boules of uheatt and 5 kenings of rye, ^4 los. ; 5 boules
of oates, £1 IS. 8d. ; 4 boules of beanes, ^i 8s. : 10 boules of blande malt and 3 boules of oate malt,
/4 15s.; 5 extres, 4s.; i oxe harrowe, 7s. ; 2 longe waynes, 2 coupe waynes, 2 plovves and plowirons,
with all the furniture belonging to them, £2, gs. ; 3 swyne and 3 pegges, i6s. 4d. ; a jacke, a jcrkyne,
a doublet and a pair of briches, los. ; a fyer croke and a pair of tongues, is.; 23 heare of yearne, 5s.
Debts that the testator oweth. Item, to his maister, ^8 i6s. ; to the lord of Guystone (PGuyzance)
^5 6s. 8d. ; the straites of the court of the earle of Northumberland, ^i, etc.
Robert Brandling of North Gosforth, head of a wealthy Newcastle
family, was high sheriff of Northumberland in 1617. The following extract
from his rent roll indicates the value of Hadston at that period :
161 S- A rental of my master, Mr. Robert Brandling, esquier, his landcs.'
Hadston. Edward Turpin's farnie, ^5 ; Lancelot Brouel's farme, ;f 5 ; Roger Boyd's farme, £6 ;
Widowe Hall's farme, £b; Nicholas Wharier's farme, ^4; the two farms letten amongst the tenants, £y3;
Peter Stafford's farm, £6 ; Robert Sothern's farm, £4 los. ; the rent of the warren, besides 120 copies of
rabbits, 3s. 4d. ; the rent of the freeholde, 3s. 4d. ; Widowe Read for the farm on the Helm, £1 ; Mr.
Hearon for Gilspith, Pags-crooke, and Grenelonings, 13s. 4d. ; John Lisle for the rent of Acton, 13s. 4d. ;
William Turpyn for the windemylne there [i.e., at Hadston], ^11. Total, ^80 3s. 4d.
Sir Francis Brandling of Alnwick abbev (son and heir of Robert
Brandling), \\\\o was one of the knights of the shire for Northumberland
in 1623 and 1625, and died in 1^41, sold Hadston to Sir William Carnabv
of Thernham, subject, as was afterwards alleged, to a mortgage debt of
_/"2,ooo to Humphrey Shalcross of London, scriyener. Hadston demesne
was then held under a lease by Thomas Swan at the rent of £bo a year.''
Carnaby's estates having been sequestered for delinquency, Shalcross on
the 27th of June, 1654, petitioned the committee for compounding :
That S' Francis Brandling of Anwicke abby, in the county of Northumberland, knight, in the ninth
yeare of the late King Charles, became bound to the peticoner in a statute staple, for the soume of tow
thousand pounds, which said S'' Francis Brandling att the tyme of the acknowledging of the said
statute was seized in fee of certaine lands, lying' in the said county, called Hadston, which said lands are
lyable to the payment of the said statute, but are now under sequestracon for the delinquency of one
S' William Carnaby, knight, deceased, who purchassed the same of the said S' Francis, but after the
acknowledgment of the said statute.
' 1617, 9th November. Will of Edward Turpin of Hadston. To be buried in the parish church of
Warkworth. To my son, John Turpin, two oxen, etc.; to my daughter, Sissula Turpin, two stots, etc. ; to
my wife's children, all their portions which are due them by their father's will ; to Robert Hall, a malt
cheist. I direct that five nobles be paid to Sir Ralph Graye for my son Martin. Residue to my wife
Izabell, my son John, and my daughter .Sissula. Proved April, 1618. Amount of inventory, £^<) y. 6d.
Durliam Probate Registi-y. - Nicholas Wharrier was brother to John Wharricr of Togston, see p. 336.
' Rev. John Hodgson's Colhctioii. Gosforth Guard Booh. ^ P.R.O. CoDi.Jor Comfi. \o\. < ;, p. 72, No. 667.
414 CHE\'INGTON t HAPll KV.
The peliconcr piayes in regarile the said siauile is not paicic or any parte of the same, the hands of the
Conionwealtli may be removed, and that he may be put into the possession of the said huids uniill the
same be satisfied and paid. And in pursuance thcirof your honours wilbe pleased to grant your order to
the commissioners of Northumberland to examine and certific, and to your councell to slate and repon.'
Jane Carnabv, Sir William's daughter and heiress, was rated for Hadston
in 166^ at /."140, and carried il in marriage to Sir Thomas Haggerston of
HaiToerston, bart. She had no issue and her estates descended to Sir
Carnabv Haggerston, her husband's grandson by his first marriage, with
whose descendants'-' Hadston remained until 1826, when il was sold by Sir
Carnaby Haggerston to Mr. Addison John Baker Cresswell of Cresswell.
No traces remain of the capital messuage or manor house, but in the
old grass field near the homestead of Hadston numerous mounds may be
seen which mark the foundation of ancient buildings. Neither does the
mill, so often mentioned as a valuable adjunct of the estate, exist ; its site
was near the boundarv between the farm of Low Coldrife and Togston
Low-hall, about 100 vards from the road leading from Amble to Low
Coldrife.''
Li the old chmch-rate assessment the township of Hadston was com-
puted to comprise eight ancient farms, and pro rata it rebuilt 16 yards of
Warkworth churchyard wall in 1794. It is now divided into the four farms
of Hadston, Hadston Link-house, High Coldrife, and Low Coldrife, all of
which belong to Mr. A. F. B. Cresswell.^
' P.R.O. Com. for Comp. vol. G, p. ii6, No. 739.
■ 1719, 23rd December. Sir Carnaby Haggerston registered his estate as a Roman Catholic. It
comprised several messuages and farms at Hadston, let from year to year to Thomas Wilson and John
Wilson at ^69 ; Hadston "Link-house let to W illiani Ogle at £6^ los. ; and Coldrife let to Edmund Cook
at ;{'5o los. per annum.
'757) 7th January. .Sir Thomas Haggerston registered Hadston, let by lease to John Wilson and
John Wilson, jun.. at ^80; Hadston Link-house let to Michael Coulter at £7^; and Coldrife let to
William Cook and Edward Cook at ^75 per annum.
1778, 2yth .\pril. Sir Carnaby Haggerston registered Hadston, let by lease to Thomas Turner at
£7y, another farm at the same place let to John Wilson at ^^76; Hadston Link-house let to John
Womphrey at £130; Low Coldrife let to John Wilson of Hadston at ^'58; and High Coldrife leased to
Barbara Cook, as executrix of William Cook, at ^^58 per annum. Rc\s;istfr of Estates 0/ Roman Catholics
with the clerk of the peace.
' In 1663 Hadston mill paid a modus of 3s. a year to the vicar of Warkworth in lieu of tithes. See
p. 191.
* Up to the year 1800 part of Hadston was occupied by a family named Wilson, who had farmed it as
tenants for some generations ; they were also freeholders in Warkworth. When the justices of the peace
for the county were making the 'Return of Papists with their quality and means' ordered by the Privy
Council in 1706, amongst the constables who refused to render for their respective townships the account
required of them was Joseph Wilson, the constable for Hadston. Sessions Kcconis. In the early years of
this century Hadston Link-house farm was occupied by the family of Coward, some of whom obtained
local fame for improvements of and inventions in agricultural implenients. A scuffier, called the Wark-
worth drill-hoe, a corn drill, and an improved threshing machine, invented by Mr. Robert Coward, arc
described by Mackenzie, Northumberland, i. p. 137 ; ii. p. 124. Mrs. Coward in 1822 left a benefaction to
the poor of Ulgham Woodman, Ulgham : its Story, p. 37.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII.HOTTI.E. 4I5
SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
The parish of Shilbottle is separated from Alnw ick on the north hv the
Cawledge burn, it has Lesbury on the north-east, Warkworth parish on the
east, Brainshaugh and Fehon on the south, and Feiton and Alnwick on
the west. The ground slopes upward from the banks of the Cawledge burn,
which are 212 feet above the sea-level, southward to the ridge which divides
the valley of the Aln from that of the Coquet, and has its culminating
point at the Beacon hill, 589 feet above the sea-level. A large part of the
parish has, therefore, a cold, northern exposure, and even to the southward of
the ridge the ground has generally a high elevation. The parish has an area
of 6,501 acres, comprised in the five poor law townships of Shilbottle,
Shilbottle Woodhouse, Hazon and Hartlaw, Whittle, and Newton-on-the-
Moor.
TOWNSHIP OF SHILBOTTLE.
The village of Shilbottle is situated on high ground from 410 to 489 feet
above sea-level. It commands an extensive view of the coast-line, the light
at the Souter point lighthouse near Whitburn being seen at night, and on a
very clear day, it is said, Gateshead Fell may be distinguished. It is a long,
straggling village consisting of about seventy cottages, now chiefly occupied
by pitmen, a couple of ale houses,' a homestead, a school-house," the parish
house, and a vicarage house, in which are embedded the remains of an
ancient tower. The township comprises about 3,000 acres, and in 1891
had a population of 454.'
Of the prehistoric inhabitants of the township few traces have been
discovered, though about half a mile to the south-west of the village, on
ground allotted on the division of the common in 1759, to the earl and countess
F.
' On the door-head of a house, formerly the 'Percy Arms,' are the letters and date T. I!. : and on
F. ■ ■ 1707.
the door-head of another house VV. G.
1707.
■ The school-house was built Ijy and belongs to the duke of Northumberland. For a notice of
its endowment, see p. 438 post.
"The Census Returns are: iSoi, 472; 181 1, 465; 1S21, 548; 1S31, 557; 1841, 549; 1851, 601;
1861,570; 1871,528; 1881,428; 1891,454.
Vol. V. 53
I
416 SHII.nOTTI.E PARISH.
of NiMtliimiberland, is a camp.' 'It appears to have been marly circular,
or pcrliaps oval, in form, with a greatest diameter of about 70 paces.' The
agger has been made of rough stone, but most of it has long ago been carried
awav to repair buildings and dykes. So late as 1758 a causeway, 13 yards
wide, and called 'the old camp road,' could be traced near the camp, but this
is merged in the modern highway. The situation is well suited for a look-
out, and a beacon formerly kept there
was onlv discontinued in iSoy."
On the farm of Shilbottle Dene
** ^^^^ , I Moor, in a held known as Long-ridge, a
skilfully-made axe-hammer, formed of
fine-grained greenstone, was found some
smi.DOTTLE Axn-HAMMEK. ycars ago, about 3I feet belo\v the
surface. It is 6 inches in length, and 2^ inches in breadth, the perforation
for the shaft being circular."
The Saxon owners of the place have impressed the memory of their
occupation on its name, for 'bottle,' as in Harbottle, Lorbottle, Bothal, and
other similar place-names in the counties of Northumberland and Durham,
means an 'abode';' but Schiplinge-botel seems to be the only instance of the
prefix of a patronymic to 'bottle.''^ In a survey of the earl of Northumber-
land's estates made in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, it is stated :
The manner of Shilbottell is parcel of the said barronye [of AlnwickJ . . . and was sometyme parcell
of the possessions of William, Barone Hilton, in the right of Bona, daughter and heyre of Jermayne Tyson,
the lord of the same, together with the churche of Guysance, alias Braineshaughe, Haysand, Neiiton,
Renyngton, Fallowdon, and Broxfeld, as by guyft of Gisbrightus Tyson, sometime lorde of Alnewicke
made to Richard, his sonne .... And afterward reduced to the barony againe by his lordship's
ancestors for the manners of Bolton Percye, Wharran Percye, Carnabye, and others, and so have contynued
tyll this present."
Descended from the lords of Le Cinglais in Calvados, Gisbright or Gilbert
Tison occupied the distinguished office of standard-bearer in the host which
followed the Conqueror and he shared in the lands wrested from their Saxon
' The site of the camp was planted by the first duke of Northumberland, and it is called the Beacon
plantation ; it is 589 feet above sea-level. ■ From .Sir Daxid Smith's Collection. Castles and Camps.
^ Now m the Alnwick castle museum, case E, No. gi.
■■ ' Botl,' an abode, a dwelling, mansion, house, hall. ' Pharao eode into his botle.' Exodus vii. 23.
Bosworth, Anglo-Saxvii Dictionary. In Matt. xxvi. 3, 'the palace of the high priest' is called his 'botle' in
the Anglo-.Saxon version.
" 'Scyld, an ancestor of Hrodtgar of the lay of Beowulf, effected a settlement on the coast of what is
now Durham and Northumberland in the latter half of the fourth century.' Shilbottle (Scyldcs botl,
Scyld's house) is said to bear his name. Cf. Yorkshire Arch. Journal, v. p. 206.
'■ Survey of 1385. Duke of SorthumbcrLn-nl's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF SHILBOTTLE. 417
owners. Besides extensive estates in Yorkshire and elsewlieie, lie is said to
have obtained the haronv of Ahnviek, out of which lie made a provision for
his younger son, Richard Tison,' bv giving liim the lordship of vShilbottle,
comprising the vills of Guyzance, Newton, and Hazon, with Kennington and
Broxfield in the parish of Embleton. Richard Tison was succeeded by his
son William, and he by his son German, who had an only daughter and
heiress, Beneta or Bona, who carried Shilbottle by marriage to William
Hilton of Hilton, a baron of the bishopric of Durham.
TISON OF SHILBOTTLE.
Arms : Vt'r/, three lions rampant^ crowned or. Flower's Visitation of Yorkshire.
RiCHAKn Tison, lord of Shilbottle, younger son of Gilbert Tison, in 1147 gave the church of Guyzance =
to Alnwick abbey («) ; dend before 1 168. His name is written in the Liher Vitae (»').
I
William Tison, lord of Shilbottle, in 1166 held = Guy Tison, coroner of Northumberl.md 1165-1 177 (/■) ;
two knight's fees of William de Vescy of ancient
feoffment (/6).
a witness to the Morwick charter ; said to have
died about 1177.
German Tison, lord of Shilbottle, is named as son of William Tison in a Morwick = 2. Agnes de Hilton ;
charter before I1S4 (c). He gave a rent-charge out of a toft at Warkvvorth to the married before
prior and convent of Brinkburn (r/), and to the abbot and convent of Newminster I20g ; living
a quarter of wheat a year for the hosts, and los. a year to be paid on St. Waleric's 1213 (/).
day for wine for mass (e). Living 1209 (/), 1211 and 1213 (^f) (/;).
Bendta Tison, daughter = William Hilton, a baron
and heiress. of the bishopric.
(<;) Charters of Alnwick abbey, ' Eustace filius Johan- {/) Pa.'ent Roll, 1209.
nis, etc' Tate, Alnwick, ii. app. p. viii. (^g) Pipe Roll, 13 ancl 15 John.
(/<) Liher Niger Scaccariide Northiimherland. Hodgson, (/;) C/. LongstiilTe, ' The Church of Guyzance.' Arch.
Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. 306. Ael. iii. new series, p. 133.
(c) See p. 346 ia/ra. (0 Z!/;«- I ';/(je', Stephenson, p. 52. Surtees. Sec. No. 13.
(a') Brinkburn Chartulaiy, p. 141. (y) Pipe Rolls, 15 John.
(«) Newminster Charlulary, p. 243. (i) Pipe Roils, II, 15, 16, 17, i,S, 19, 22, 23 Hen. II.
Sir Alexander de Hilton, son of William de Hilton and Beneta Tison,
was a minor at his father's death in 1208." At the assizes held in Newcastle
in 1235 there was an agreement made by which German de Eworthe granted
to Thomas de Schippelingbotle 30 acres of land in Schippelingbotle, viz.,
24 acres which Ale.xander, son of Milisand, formerly held, i acre lying
near the lands of Ale.xander de Hilton, i acre near the Westemestemede,
2 acres in the field called Schovelbred, abutting on the highway leading
' ' Iste Gosbriglit (Tisonne) deciit Ricliardo filio siio villam dc Shilbottcll tuia cum ecclesia dc (Jisyng,
etc. Iste Ricardus genuit Willclmum Tisonne et \Villelim:s genuit Germanum Tisonne et Germanus
genuit dominam Bone de Hilton que fuit uxor Willelmi de Hilton, hie mutatur cognomen Tisonne in
Hilton et Willelmus de Hilton gentiit Alexandrum et .Alex inder genuit dominum Robertuni de Hilton.'
Chronicles of AluK'ick Abbey, Harl. MS. No. 692, art. 12, fol. 195. Arch. Ael. 410 series, iii. p. 34.
^ Rotuli Chartarum, p. 177. Cf. Longstafife, 'The Church of Guyzance,' Arch. Aei. iii. p. 135.
41 S SHILBOTTI.E PARISH.
from AlinvicU, i acrt- in Hriicilal, ahiittina; on the land of William tlr Vescv,
1 acre in Shonllat, alnitlini; on llie lands of Alexantler de llilton, for the
yearly rent of 3s. i^d.' He is entered in the Pipe Rolls for Northumber-
land for 1236 as owing /,'79 is. to the Crown for the debt of Hugh de Verly
of Swine in Yorkshire, a sum gradually reduced by yearly payments until it
was finally wiped off eight years later.- Sir Alexander de Hilton in 1:^40
made an agreement with the abbot and conycnt of Newminster respecting
the boundaries between his lands at Shilbottle and Guvzance and their
manor of Sturton Grange.' He proceeded to the Holy Land in 1241,^ and
his name with that of Agnes, his wife, is written in the Liber Vitae which
once lay on the high altar at Durham.'^ He was dead before 1243," leaving
a son, Robert de Hilton, \yhose name occurs in the Testa de Nevill as
holding Shilbottle, Newton-on-the-Moor, Hazon, Guyzance, and Rennington
of the barony of Vesci by two knight's fees of ancient feoffment.'
In an extent of the lands, formerly Robert de Hilton's, made at
Shilbottle on the Saturday after the loth of August, 1267, it is stated
that there were in demesne in Syplingbotill, 286 acres of cultivated
land, worth at 6d. an acre, £"] 3s. ; 27 acres of meadow, worth at 2od.
an acre, £2 5s.; and certain pieces of pasture ground called Blakelesche,
Caldenelburne, etc., worth 19s. lod. There were twenty-one bond
tenants, each of whom held 24 acres and paid los. a year in money
and 3s. 3d. in works ; four cottage tenants held 6 acres apiece and paid
4s. each a year. Sir Ralph, the vicar, farmed 12 acres of land and
paid 17s.; Adam Batun, 15 acres and paid 6s. 3d.; Ale.xander Gardener,
12 acres and paid 3s.; Peter Forester, 6 acres and paid iid. ; and Robert
Carter, 6 acres and paid 2s. ^^"3 6s. 8d. was received from the mill, and
13s. 4d. from the brewing rent; I2d. was received for the ' curtilagium
dominicum,' and a wood of 80 acres was worth 20s. a year. There were also
six freeholders, namely, a certain Stelle, who held 6 acres, John Trenchand
12 acres, Hyppegamyn's wife 55 acres, Henry de EwTth 80 acres, Roger at
' Final concord made in the king's court at Newcastle in the octavo of St. Paul, 19 Hen. III. Feci of
Fines, Northumberland, case iSo, file 3, No. 37.
-Pipe Rolls, 20-28 Hen. III. Hodgson, Norlhumherlaml, pt. iii. vol. iii. pp. 179, 1S3, 187, 1S9, 192,
195, 198, 201, 204. ^ Neunninster Cliartiilary. Fowler, p. 201, Surtees See. No. 66.
' Matt. Paris, Chronica Majora (Rolls series), vol. iv. p. 89.
^ Liber Vitae; Stephenson, p. 109, Surtees Soc. No. 13.
' Archbishop Gray's Reg.: Raine, p. 253. Surtees Soc. No. 56.
' Testa de Nevill. Hodgson, Norlhiimberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 209.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII.HOITI.E. 4 19
the well (ad lontcin) ij acres, and the abbot of Alnwick i^ acres, and they
paid free rents amduntin;; in the aggrej;ate to 17s. lod.'
At the Northuniberland assizes, in 1269, Henrv de Hewrthe (Ewart)
brought an action against Robert de Hilton concerning common of pasture
in Shilbottle," and seven years later there was a suit about lands in
Shipenboten, between Robert Hilton and the abbot of Alnwick and brother
Thomas de Kyrkely.' Before the year 1279 Robert de Hilton obtained
from John de Vesci of Alnwick certain lantls in the forest of Swinlcys
(Shield-dykes) worth 5 marks a year,' and the wood of Remelde (Runside),
held of the mauor of Mitford.' In 1288 he granted certain privileges in
Hazon to the prior and convent of Brinkburn,* and was alive on the 7th
of INIay, 1289, when he is recorded as holding Schipilbodille and its
members by the service of two knight's fees and the yearly payment
of 26s. 8d."
In 1293 Robert de Hilton, on being summoned to appear before the
king's justices to prove his right to free warren, produced a charter given
by Henry III. in 1256,'* which granted to him and his heirs free warren in
all his demesne lands at Shepelingbothe, Renington, and Hilton, so long as
these lands were not within the bounds of the royal forest ; ° his name heads
the Subsidy Roll of 1296.
SCHIPLINGBOTILL
Subsidy
Roll,
1 296.
£
s.
d.
s. A.
Summa l^onorum
Roberti de Hilton ...
7
17
10
11 tide r
•cgi
14 44
Willelmi filii .^lani
0
19
2
I 9
Willeluii Kellocke...
I
0
I II
Roberti carpentarii
4
10
2 3i
Alani praepositi ...
0
0
I 10
Stephani praepositi
19
4
3 7
Walteri Dey
0
0
I 10
Roberti de Gisinis
16
0
3 3i
Thomae de Haukil
0
14
0
> 3i
Thomae vicarii
2
S
0
4 4*
Summa luijiis villae, /'21 6s. lod. Unde domino rcgi, jSs. <.y\d.
' Inq. p.m. Robert dc Hilton, 51 Hen. III. No. 43. Hodgson, Nurtliuinhcrland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 44.
Neither the date of Robert de Hilton's death nor the name of his heir is given. See also Surtees, Durluini,
ii. p. 30. - NorihumherUnid Assize Rolls, 53 Hen. 111. Page, p. 207. Surtees Soc. No. 88.
'■' Patent Roll 95, 5 Edw. 1. ni. 19. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 46.
' Nurthnnibcrland Assi-c Rolls, 7 Edw. I. Page, p. 327. ' IbiiL p. 338.
" Brmkburn Chartulary, Page, p. 32. Surtees Soc. No. 90.
' Inq. p.m. John de Vescy, 17 Edw. I. No. 25. Hartshorne, p. c.\x. Tate, Almcick, i. p. 89.
' This charter, dated 2nd December, 1256, is enrolled on Charter Roll 52, 41 Hen. III. m. 13.
" Placita de Quo Waranto, 21 Edw. I. p. 598. Cf. Hodgson, Northumlierland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. l6g.
^20
SHII.liOTTI.E PARISH.
About tlu- vt'iir I ^09 there was an action concernin<j; tenements at
Shilbottle, brou<;lit l)v Robert de Cady and Alice liis wife, against Robert de
Hilton,' who, in 1314-1315, was still in possession of the estates.^
When Alexander de Hilton in 1334 had licence to give an estate in
Broxfield to the abbot and convent of Alnwick, it was stated that he retained
Shilbottle and other lands in his own possession.^
Shiluotill Sunsiuv Koll, 1336.
Alexander de Hilton, 6s. 8d. ; Johannes de Ewortli, 2S. 8d.; Johannts ile Wetslad, 4s.; Johannes
Yrcnman, is.; Johannes bercarius', is. 3d.; Robertus Hirnyngc, 9d. Suninia, 16s. 4d.
Alexander de Hilton was living on the 21st of March, 1351/2,'' and was
dead before 1368, when Robert de Hilton was in possession of Shilbottle and
its sub-manors.^
Soon after this time Shilbottle was acquired by Henry Percy, the first
earl of Northumberland, from Robert de Hilton, to whom he gave in
exchange the manors of Bolton Percy, Carnaby, and Wharam Percy in
Yorkshire.'' In the year 1403 the earl surrendered to the king his castles and
estates in Northumberland under circumstances already related.'
' Rot. Pat. 132, 3 Edw. II. m. 31, in dorso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 51.
- Inq. p.m. Henry de Percy, 8 Edw. II. No. 65 a. ' Robertus de Hilton tenet ij feoda et .\iiij partes j
feodi m Schippellin'gbotell, Heysaund, Gysins, Ncuton, Renington, ct Brokkesfeld, et reddit per annum
pro warda castri, xxvij" vii'' ob. et valent praedicta tenementa per annum c marcas.'
^ ' Et dom. Henr. Percy est medius inter dom. regent et praedictuin Alexandrum, et dictus Alex, tenet
ultra donationem et assignationem praedictam villas de Shipplingbotyll, Haysand, Gysens, Renington, et
Newton super More de Henrico Percy in capite pro servic. ij feod mil.' Inq. p.m. 8 Edw. III. second
numbers, No. 5. Writ, dated 15th May, 1334. Cf. vol. ii. of this work, p. 153 ; also Hodgson, Northum-
berland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 70.
' • Dicunt eciam dicti Juratores quod praedictus Henncus (Percy) tenuit in servicio die quo obiit de
dommo rege in capite in comitatu praedicto villas et particulas terrarum subscriptarum pertinentes ad
praedicta castrum et manerium de Alnewyke provenientes de tenentibus forinsecis, videlicet villas de
Schyplyngbotle, Haysand, (iuysens, et Renygtone et quartam decimam partem hameletti de Brokeffeld,
quas Alexander de Hylton tenet in dominico de praedicto Henrico de Percy et haeredibus suis per
homagium et fidelitatem et per servicium duorum feodorum et xiiij partis unius feodi militis, reddendo
annuatim xv die Julii xxvij' vij'' ob. pro warda castri de Alnewik supradicti et valent per annum xl/(.'
Inq. p.m. Hen. de Percy, 21 Mar. 26 Edw. III. first numbers. No. 52 a. Cf. Hartshorne, p. cxxviii.
Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 77.
'' Inq. p.m. Hen. de Percy, 42 Edw. III. No. 48. Hodgson, Northunibcvland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 84. Tate,
Alnwick, i. p. 139
° In 1367 Henry Percy le Piere was found to have died seised of W'harram Percy, Bolton Percy,
Carn.aby, etc. (Inq. p.m. 41'Edw. 111. No. 48). In 1393-1394 Sir R.ilph de Percy, knight, paid a fine for
acquiring Carnaby and Wharram Percy from Henry, earl of Northumberland, without the king's licence
{Fine Roll, 17 Ric. II. m. 3). In 1436-1437 .Sir William Hilton, knight, was found to have died seised of
the manor of Wharram Percy {Inq. p.m. 15 Hen. VI. No. 22). In 1448- 1449 Sir Robert Hilton, knight,
was found to have died seised of the manor of Carnaby {Inq. p.m. 27 Hen. VI. No. g), and in 1457-1458
William Hilton, esq., was found to have died seised of the manors of Wharram Percy and Carnaby
{Inq. p.m. 36 Hen. VI. No. 26). ' See p. ^7 supra.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII. BOTTLE. 421
On the 27th of June, 1405/ King Henrv I\'. granted Shilbottle, with
the castle and i^arony of Alnwick, and nianv other estates forfeited bv the
earl of Northumberland, to the king's son John, whom he shortly afterwards
created duke of Bedford. His name appears in the list of fortalices drawn
up in 1415 as owner of the tower of Shilbottle.^ Tn consequence of its not
being entailed Shilbottle did not revert with the main body of the estates to
the second earl of Northumberland on his restoration in 1416. At the death
of the duke of Bedford in 1435, Mt was inherited bv his nephew, Henrv \'I.,
and it remained Crown property until the 28th of Januarv, 1461/2, when
it was granted by Edward IV., together with the towns of Rennington,
Guyzance, and Middleton, and a rent of _^ 8 out of the town of Beanly, to
Robert, Lord Ogle.'' By some private arrangement, the details of which are
unknown, Shilbottle was reacquired by the Percies^ before the year 1472,
when the grieve of Shilbottle accounts with the earl of Northumberland's
receiver for the issues of his office for the year ending at Michaelmas.
The particulars of the account rendered by the grieve in 1472 are as
follows: 'Arrears of last year, 13s. id.; rents and ferms, ;^2i ; the ferm of a
tenement by Swynlees called Baronhowse, los.; pleas and perquisites of 3
courts, 41S. ; profit of the court held at Rymessid, 4s.; total, _^'24 8s. id. ; out
of which sum there was paid to the king, by the hands of the sheriff", for
the ferm of the manor, 3s. 4d.,' etc. The lord also held certain demesne
meadows called Dowkerhalgh, Waterlees, Tenacres, and Tiallez, which were
let for 27s. a year."
In a survey made about 1498, it is stated that the free tenants in
Shilbottle at that time were : Robert Hewgh, who held 8 acres of land by
fealty and suit of court everv third week, and the yearly rent of is. ; Gilbert
Browne, who held three acres of land and paid nothing ; the churchwardens
held a messuage and 2 acres of land and paid a free rent of 2d. ; the abbot of
Alnwick held 2 husbandlands, and the prior of the order of St. John of
Jerusalem a messuage and 4 acres of land in perpetual alms and rendered
neither rent nor services. Of the customary tenants who are described as
•'Rex dedit Jolianni filio suo in special! tallio, viz. heredibus masculis, castni mantria et villas de
Alnewyke, Prodowe, Fawedon, Chatton, Ruyngton, Gisyns, Rothbury, Brotheruyke, et Shilbottle . . .
nuper Henrici de Percy comitis Nortliunib. attincti.' Patent Roll, 375, 6 Hen. IV. pt. 2, m. 10. CJ. Hodgson,
Niirthumbcrliind, pt. iii. \o\. ii. p. 3S2, and Bonier Holds, i. p. 204.
- Bordcf Holds, i. p. ig. ^ Il)id. p. 204. * Patent Roll, 495, i Edw. IV. ])t. 4, ni. 16.
* The earliest Court Roll for the manor of Shilbottle remainins,' in tlie possession of the dnkc of
Northumberland dates from November, 1474.
' Bailiffs' Accounts, 12 Edw. IV. Duke of Murthiimherland's MSS.
422 SHII.BOTTI.F. PARISH.
tenants at will, sixteen lukl husbandlands of equal value, six others had
holdings varying in size from i i acres to 22 acres, under rents varying from
6s. I id. to 13s. lod. ; and there were four cottage tenants, who paid a rent of
4s. 2d.
SHii.iiOTii.E Customary Tknants, 149S.'
Matthew Clark and Robert Atkynson, Thomas Watson and Thomas Dodisworth, William Chambre,
John I'alyser, William ISeksewe, Elizabeth and .'\gnes Dand, John .Swan, William Palyser, John Craw-
ccstcr, senior, John Stamp, Thomas Stamp, Henry Wellysine, John Hugh, Charles Cressop, Thomas
Trollop, Richard Chamber, who held i6 husbandlands and paid 14s. Sd. a year each. Edward Johnson
and Robert Emyldon each held 22 acres in the Westfield and paid 13s. lod. a year ; John Harryson and
Ralph Dand each held 15 acres in the Westfield and paid los. 4id. a year ; William Stamp held 1 1 acres
in the WcstHeld and paid 6s. i id. a year ; John lirown held a tenement called ' llaron hows apud Shcldyk,'
and paid los. a year. Beside their tenements, four of the above-named tenants held cottages and paid
4s. 2d. a year, and another held a cottage for which he paid is. a year. The sum total was ^16 2s. 8d.
As a specimen of the sixteenth-century method of keeping estate
accounts, the following translation of the ' Account of William Paliser, the
grieve of Shilbottle," from Michaelmas, 1525, to Michaelmas, 1526,' is given :
Arrears of last years accounts ...
Rents and farms as in previous years, payable at Martinmas and Whitsuntide ...
New rents: from Charles W'atson for a tower (i2d.); Walter Mylne, chaplain
(i2d.) ; Thomas Awlde, smith (i2d.); and Richard Watson (i2d.) for three
cottages built by them as in the rental and assessed, 9 Flen. \TII. by the
lord's commissioners
Pleas .and perquisites of one court held this year
.Sum of receipts with arrears ...
Of which :
In rent paid to the king by the sheriff of Northumberland issuing
from the lordship as in previous years
In decay of farm of one cottage by the cemetery style, in the lord's
hands by default of tenant, to no profit, as in previous years ... 010
In decay of farm of one tower lately held by Charles W'atson above
charged at i2d., in the lord's hands by default of tenant ... 010
Paid by the grieve for repair and maintenance of the hedge and
ditch round the lord's w-ood, as in previous years ... ... o 10 o
Paid for expenses of clerk of the court, bailiff, and other ministers
of the said court ... .. ... ... ... ... ... 030
Sum of allowances ... ... ... ... o iS 4
I
s.
d.
5
4
4
21
19
4
040
0 18 8
£2^ 6 4
C s. d.
034
Owing £27 8 o
' Cartington's Rental, 14 and 15 Hen. MI. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
■ The following list of fifteenth and si.vteenth-century grieves or bailiffs of Shilbottle is compiled from
the Bailiffs' Accounls, etc., in the muniment room at Syon house : 1471-1472, Thomas Trollope ; 1479-
1480, Henry Trollop ; 14S2-1483, John Maxwell ; 1485-14S6, Edward Johnson; 1486-14S7, Ralph Sharpe ;
14S8-1489, William Palyser ; 1502-1503, John Swan ; 1505-1506, John Stampe ; 1508-1509, John Palyser ;
151S-1519, Humphrey Dobson ; 1 523-1 524, George Henrisonf?); 1525-1526, William Paliser; 1531-1532,
Thomas Emyldon; 1532-1533, Margery, widow of Edward Robertson, grieve; 1533-1534, Richard
Swanne ; 1536-1537, John l3and ; 1537-1538, John Dandde; 1540-1541, Thomas Clarke; 1561-1562,
Robert Anderson ; 1 584-1585, John Harbottle; 158S-15S9, George Browne ; 1601-1602, John Johnson.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII.nOTTI.E. 4^3
Of which: / s. d. £ «. <i.
Delivered to John Horsley, the receiver, at various times at the
account before the auditors 22 3 8
Owing
Of which charged :
On Uniphrey Lysle, kniyht, 23s., and Nicholas kcdlcc, sheriff,
23s., for moneys received by them from Thomas Doddis-
worthe, bailiff, 22 Hen. VII. of the issues of the lordship and
above among arrears
On the executors of Thomas Doddysworlhc, late Ij.iiliff, owed by
him for gersuma on taking liis tenement, 24 lien. \TI. above
among the arrears ... •••
£S 4 4
5 4 4'
In I S32 the tower at Shilbottle, for which Charles Watson had formerly
paid a rent of I2d. a year was still in the lord's hands unlet ; the tenants of
the vill who had in November and December sold and carried to Warkworth
nineteen waggon loads of hay for the lord's horses were allowed ;^'2 los. 8d.
hi payment for the same. In the following year the tenants carried
twenty-eight waggon loads of underwood (iis. 8d.), fourteen waggon loads
of turves V}s. ^d.), and thirty-si.x horse loads of coals from Bilton pits to
Alnwick and Warkworth, at |d. per load.'
ScHELHOTELi. Muster Roll, 1538.=
Thomas Clark, Thomas Swinborne, Robt. Rede, Thomas Gybson, John Pallser, Wyllmc Stcyvenson,
Charles Dand, Thomas Stampe, John Person, Robt. Anderson, Thomas Emellton Vmfray Dobson
Vmfray Stampe, Crystr. Stampe, Thomas Johnson, Ryd. Sway, Willme Pallfare, Wdlme Pa llfere (.,.),
Charles Herryson, Willme Craster, John Davide,' John Brouster, John Howse, Robt. 1 allfare, able
men wantyng bothe horse and harnes.
Under the order of the watches made in 1552 the night watch was to be
kept from Hitchcroft in Shilbottle parish to Rugley in the parish of Alnwick,
by ten men of the inhabitants of the townships of Shilbottle, Whittle,
Sturton Grange, Birling, High Buston, Low Buston, Wooden, and Bilton.'^
The manor of Shilbottle, ' formerly parcel of the possessions of Henry,
late earl of Northumberland,' was granted by Edward VI. to John Dudley,
duke of Northumberland, by Letters patent on the 21st of November, 1552."
It was, with other estates of the house, restored to the seventh earl of
Northumberland in 1557.
In the survey of the Percy estates made about 1567, which has been so
often quoted in the account of townships dealt with in this volume, Shil-
bottle is described in the following words :
1 Dtih- of Northumberland's MSS. ' Vnd. ' Arch. Ael. 4to series, iv. p. 162.
^ Query, Dande. ^ Nicolson, Border Laws, p. 197- " -P"'- -R""- §48, 6-Edw. VI. pt. 7, "i- 16.
Vol. V. ^'^
^24 sHii.riOTTi.i-: parish.
In the townc of Shilboltell ys neillier any (Icmayiic lands nor demayne nieadowes, but all together in
cottage and husbandland as hciaftcr shall appcarc any (wi ) tcnnant having his land lyeing on the feild
rigge by rigge to his nighbour accordyng to the old devysion of lands in this countryc, the fewer tenements
in the west end onely excepted, for they have ther arable land medowe lyeng together with a ccrtainc
parcel! of pasture ground enclosed with hedges within themselves wich is more comodyous to them then
yf yt lay as th'olher doith. And yt ys to be noted that where there ys one tenement in the east end of the
Neither Shcild-dykc parcell of this towne of Shilbottell as herafter enseweth the same was given by the
lord of Mytfourd to the lord of Shilboltell, and thereby yt was called the Barrons-house,' as yt is at this
daye, for the lord of Shilbottell ..•■.. all hys cattell that pastured in Rymside brought to the said
tenement for yt was then his hind's house during the tyme of cattell pastuiing in the said Rymsyde, and
now the same ys letten to no tennant and ys occupyed in tyllage.
There ys one paryshe churche there which was of laite appcrtcignyng to the late dissolved monastery
of Alnewyk with the parsonage appcrtcignyng to the same, and is now in the prync's hande with all things
appertcigning to the said parsonage and vycaridgc, and nothingo thcrof purchased but letten by lease.
We fynde the bounder of Shilbottell to be thus, viz., from the yate at the south end of the Rugley
lonyng to the paile of Cawledgc parke and alonge the same paile to Bylton borne, and up the same
buiTie to Carter deane medowe, and as the same burne there goeth to (Jraindgc borne, and from thence
to a cross of stone standyng nye the sayd burne, and then upp the burne to a reade fourde, and from the
saide fourde bv certayne marche stones to ye come to the marche stone nye the Possetts leche, and then
downe the letche to Espett fourde, and from thence along Whyttell ground and dyke on the east syde
of Whyttell towne to the south-east nooke of Hydge-croft and downe the same dyke to the bourne,
and so upp the borne to Hampeth fourde, from thence south-west alonge the waye that goeth to ye Sheil-
dyke there is one tenement, with certayne arrable grounde and medowe lyeng there together, parcell ot
Shilbotell, and from thence to the dyke of the Swynlee and alonge the same dyke to a cawsee of stone,
and from thence alonge the Black-close dyke and Rugley east dyke to ye streite yate where we did begyn.
Noat that there was in the said town one towre.
The towne of Shilbottell is a very poore towne, although they have much arable land, medowe ground
indifferent, ther rent considered, and also a very great comon pasture; the cause ys the arable land ys
a waisted leane lande for that they are not able to donge yt as the same wold be. Yt ys a baire clay
grounde and will take moche soile or donge before yt be brought to any good perfeccon or fertylytye
Ther comon pasture is marvelouse sture (sic) grounde, and over laid and eaten with the cattell of townes
adjoynynge upon ye same.
The said tcnnants have comon and pasture upon Rymsyde Moore within these bounders.
If this towne were devided and sett in two severall places, the land equally parted, and also ther
comon ground and suche porcon as shall falle to ether of ye sayde partyes of the towne so devided as ihe
scyte of them wolde requyer, and yt upon every man to enclose such arrable lande and medowe as should
fall to ther porcon, the comon grounde to be enclosed by the said tenants as the devycon of itselfe wolde
then requyer, without doubt yt wold not only be good for my lord, cause the tennants to be welthye, but
also a marvalous strength to the said tenants and townes lyeng in the east of that place toward the sea.
If this towne were devyded and enclosed as above, the tenants coinaunded to go to Rymsyde Moore
with ther cattell, there contynew from the first day of May unto the last of June, onles there o.\en for
servying of there fallow as servyce of my lord be brought home for that tyme, and that done, to be had to
the said Rimsaye Moore agayne, in which tyme of ther absence ther grounds so enclosed at home and
ther comon pasture wold be coined to the full grewthe and become as a fence, which wold be a great
comodytye to the tenants.
The same tenants digge not only ther comon grounde for turves and pull hather for ther owne use, but
also sell to others that are not of the same towne, and suffer strangers to do the same, to ther great
' ' Barones-house. There is also belonging to the said manner as parcell of the same a tenemente
scituate at the east end of Nether sheld dykes geven by the said (Bartram) lord of Mitforth to the lord of
Shilbotte I, called the Barones-house, to which he brought all his cattell that pastured on Rymside in
somer t>me and laye there tended by his bird or fee man during all the tyme of winter ; and nowe the
same is demysed by copye according to the custome and occupied in tyllage as a husbandrye." Survey
of 1 585. Duke of NortkimberlamVs MSS. ■■Illegible.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII. BOTTLE. 425
hindrauncc, so tliat the hctlier which shokl serve for their neccssarycs, and in wynter whan the storms
are, be buyld and foode for thcr cattel!, ys yn a manner all waisted ; the ground also, by reason of
castyng so great nunibic of turves, so tyrred and maide bairc, that of a greate parte ihcrof growelh no
grasse to feade or pasture any cattell, so that the tenants, by thcr ownc folly and dysorder, empoverislic
themselves, contrary iher, old auncyent orders in court, under greate penalty, but now nothinge regarded.
If yt wer orderyd, and so mayntayncd, that the same tenants had thcr turves and hethcr from
Rymesay Moore as well as they have comon of pasture they and iher cattell, then shuld ye comon pasture
grounde aforesayd be neather so evill tyrred and, for want of hather, be in dysorder, as before ys
menconed, but rather yf yt be orderly used according to the meanyng aforesayd yt shall become a goode
pasture grounde, and where now yt ys a barron heath and a sture pasture w'' my lord may well graunt to
the sayd tennants as well as the said Tyson, lorde of Shilboltell, had the foresayd comon and pasture of
Rymsyde Moore by the grant of Bartram, then lorde of Mytfordc and lorde of the said moorc, even so hys
lordship, now lorde of Mytforde, may graunte to his sayd tenants of ShilbottcU licence to ha\c more
leave and cast turves or to pull hather suffycyent for ther yerely and necessarye provysyon.
The sayd tenants of Shilbottell with their balyfs have yerely been accustomed, and of right oughte, to
ryde the same bounders of Rymsyde Moore upon St. ..'■■.. day, and yf they fynde any cattell.
goynge and pasturing in the said grounde of any th' inhabitants thcr abouts or others than the cattell of
th' inhabitors of Shilbottell, to dryve them forth of the same grounde or pinde them in one stone foldc
there called at this daye the Hanon's fokle, now in decaye, which ys yerely to be repared and mayn-
teyned by the said tenants of Shilbottell under a good penaltye in courte. .^nd in lykewyse if the sayd
balyf and tenants or any of them in ridinge the bounders of the said Rymsyde Moore do finde any
defalte as slopes or such lyke decaye in Framhngton dyke or yett in the dyke of New-more-house or at
any other tyme that they ought to be kept up, then the tenants of Framlington in Newe-more-house
aforesayd which ought to make the same dyke or upon the presentment of the sayd balyft' or tennants in
ye court of Shilbottell to be grevously amerced, their cattell founde goyng within the same bounder to be
estreaned for the same.
In the divysyon of any towne yt is to foresee that those tenements that are to be taken and removed
be sett in ye most dryest place of the lande alloted unto them so it be nighe the water and that the cattell
may every morning and evenyng go through and by the sayd water to and from the pasturage. .\nd >f
they may leade ther donge or soyle to ther arrable lande with a movyng downwarde yt shall be mooche
profitable, and after the scyte of the tenements be sett forthe with ther gardynge and stakcgarthes then
wer yt for dyvers consideracons good that every tenement accordynge to the quantyte of ther rent to have
sett forthe one crofte to be enclosed and adjoyninge to the backe fronte or garthes of everye one of the
tenements ; there arrable to lye on thre parts aboute them, and the pasture grounde upon ye fourthe parte
yf yt be possible, and yt every tennant also might have all his severall and pasture grounde lyenge by
itself or ells by rygge and rygge as the goodnes and fartelytye of the land rcquyreth, for yt ys moche
nedeful that every thinge that shal be to there comoditye be throughlie consydcrcd before the tenements
be planted and sett.
There ys within these feilds of Shilbottell one coole myne which ys moch profitable for the tenants
there and to th' inhabitants of the townes therabouts ; yt ys wrought by William Gray of .^.nwick by
vertew of one lease, etc.
It were nedefull the tenants of Shilbottell wer suffred to kepe gots by reason ther pasture, as before ys
menconed, ys a large hethe and moryshe grounde and a very stare" ground, wherfore seyng yey are
profitable for ye tenants so that they wer kept upon ye said large pasture and dyd not come nyghe my
lord's woods, nor distroyc the quick wood dyke of the same townc, yf any weic builded (as ys requisite
they were) yt wer not hurt to my lord, and a great comoditye to the tciinanls to have gots, if they orderlye
be kept and lokcd to as above is rehersed.
Ther ys one parcell of grounde called Hedge-croft, lyeng upon the south parte of ye said common
pasture nyghe and adjoyninge to Whyttell dyke and Hampeth burne which ys envyroned with one old
dyke and ys no parte of the same comon pasture of Shilbottell, for yt was in auncyent tyme full of w ood
and was in the hands of the bailyfe of Shilbottell and kept enclosed from the tenants to such tyme the
woode was waisted, then was it laid open and ever since laye as in comon jjabturc. It is farre from
■'■'■ Illegible.
426
SHII.HOrri.E PARISH.
Shilboltcll and very nighe the hamlett or townu of Whitlell, so thai the tenants there by reason they joinc
upon it have the profitt therof more than any my lord's tenants of Sliilljottell. It were therefore good the
premises considered, that the same were Ictten to rent, a house theron biiilded, the dyke rcpared, yt shuld
be rather a strengthe to the tenants of Shilbottell than hurtfull. It tontcyneth ..'■■.. acres of
grounde and wolde be icntjd at fyvc shillinjjs per annum, the tennant to have comon and pasture in
Rymside as other the tcnnants of Shilbottell ba\c.
The free tenants were : Thomas Swinborne, who held a tenement and
hinds for which he paid to the UmxI a free rent of I2d. a year; the church-
wardens of Shilbottle held a messuage for which they paid 2d. ; John Brown
held a toft and 3 acres of arable land for which he rendered a rose, he also
held a tenement and lands from the king, late parcel of the possessions of the
commendator of St. John of Jerusalem,' and the tenements and 2 husband-
lands late belonging to Alnwick abbey,' then apparently in the king's
hands ; for none of which did he pav anything to the lord. There were
twenty customary tenants, each of whom held a messuage ; sixteen are
stated to hold 23 acres of land at the yearly rent of 14s. 8d. ; and four, each
of whom paid 14s. lod. for 18 acres. There were also four cottage tenants,
each of whom held with his cottage 6 acres of land and paid a rent of 4s. 2d.
to the lord ; a fifth tenant held no land and paid is. for his cottage.
Survey of Shilbottle (circa) 1567.
Area of
Tenants at Will.
Previous Tenants.
Messuage and
Croft.
A. R. P.
Land.
Ren
.
Fine.
Acres.
£
s.
~d^^
£
s. d.
Thomas Clarke ...
Matthew Clarke
I 00
23
0
14
8
—
Edward Horne
Thomas Horne
I 0 0
23
0
14
8
2
18 8
Thomas Gibson
Edward Richardson
I 0 0
23
0
14
8
2
4 0
John Emylton
John Emylton
I 0 0
23
0
14
8
T
18 8
John Lysshcman
John Watson
030
23
0
14
8
2
18 8
Thomas -Stampe, jun. ...
John Swane
I 0 0
23
0
14
8
2
4 0
Charles Dandc
Richard Dande
I 0 0
23
0
14
8
2
4 0 -
Humphrey Dobson
Humphrey Dobson
020
23
0
■4
8
">
18 8
Robert .Anderson
Edward Johnson...
—
18
0
14
10
Widow Brown
Widow Dande
—
18
0
14
10
Thomas Twede
Thomas Swinborne
18
0
'4
10
Robert Johnson ...
John Brewster ...
—
18
0
14
10
—
(ieorge .Stampe
Thomas Stampe
020
23
0
14
S
2
4 0
Christopher Stamp
David Stampe
020
23(?)
0
14
8
->
4 0
Edward Johnson
Thomas Johnson
020
23
0
14
8
2
18 8
Thomas Hewghe
Johp Swane
020
~3
0
14
8
2
18 8
John Palaser
William Palaser ...
I 0 0
23
0
14
8
1
4 0
The widow of John Stampe
William Pahiser ...
I 2 0
23
0
14
8
■7
4 0
Charles Ersden
Robert Ersden
I 2 0
23
0
14
8
2
4 0
Oswald Chamber
Walter Mylne
I 0 0
23
0
14
8
2
18 8
' At the dissolution the preceptory of Mount St. John, in Yorkshire, possessed lands in Shilbottle in
the occupation of various tenants at the total rent of 2s. 4d. per annum. .\[iiiistcrs' Accounts^ 38 Hen. \'1 1 1
and I Edw. VI. No. 51, m. 58 d. Cf. Arch. Ad. xvii. p. 276.
- In 1539 the vicar rented a tenement in .Shilbottle and the tithes of the West-field at 20s. a year, and
William Kirbaz rented other lands at 12s., parcel of the possession of the dissohed abbey of .Alnwick.
Ministers' Accounts, 31 and 32 Hen. VIII. No. 122, m. 2, in dorso, rendered by Radcliffe and Killingworth.
Cf. Tate, Alnwick, ii. p. 26. •■■ Blank.
TOWNSHir OF SHH.nOTTI.E.
427
SiiiLnoTTi.i;, 1585.
Tenant at Will, each hold
ins a
Previous Tenant.
Crofts,
Husband-
Fine Paid,
Messuage and one Husbandland.
etc.
Acres.
lands.
<L-Ill
S.
d.
"58.t/S.
Acres.
£ s. d.
Johr. Warclale' ...
Thomas Clarlc
I
-3
0
14
8
3 10 0
Edward Home ...
Thos. Home, his father ...
I
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Georye Ciibson ...
Thos, Gibson, his father ...
I
2.1
0
14
S
3 10 0
Jolin Eml^lcton ...
John Embleton, liis father
I
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Cliiistoijhcr Lishinaii
John Lyshman
I
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Thos. Siampe, juii.
Thomas Stampe, his father
I
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Hugh I'alliser
Chas. Oande'
I
23
0
>4
S
3 10 0
John Uobsonne ...
Humphrey Dobsonne, his
father
A
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
John Lishnian
Robt. .'\nderson
—
IS
0
13
10
3 15 0
John Hfowne
His mother ...
—
uS
0
■3
10
3 10 0
W'ilham Twedye...
Thomas Twedic, his father
—
IcS
0
13
10
3 10 0
John Brewster ...
John Brewster, his father...
—
18
0
13
10
3 10 0
Charles .Stampe ...
Geo. .Stani]), his father
*
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Nicholas Stamp ...
Chris. Stamp, his father ...
I
-J)
0
14
8
3 10 0
John Johnson
Edw. Johnson, liis fatho ...
i
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Humphrey Browne
Thomas Hewghc
i
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
John Harbottle ...
John Pallyser
I
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Thomas Stampe ...
John Stampe, his father ...
4
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
John Ersden
Chas. Ersden, his father ..
ij
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Oswald Chamber
Walter Milne
I
23
0
14
8
3 10 0
Janet Embleton held a cottage \\
ithout land
—
—
0
I
0
' Nil, quia
Hugh Palliser,= John L
ishnian,
William Hall, and George
_
._
0
16
8
pauper.'
Brown each held a
cottage
and croft and about 6 acres
of land, and paid 4s.
Summa
2d. a ye;
of the U
ir
;naunts at will
—
—
£^s
7
8
The lists of tenants, both free and customary, presented in the survey
made about 1585, correspond very closely with those made nearly twenty
years before.
The freeholders were Thomas Swinbonie, \vho held a tenement with a
garden or croft of i rood and 7 acres of land, formerly belonging to Robert
Hewghe, for which he paid a free rent of is. and did suit of court ; the
' 1581, 23rd December. Will of John Wardaill, of the parish of Shilbottle. All things bet\\i.\t
Hugh Pallaser and me is clear, and he can claim or challenge nothinge of my wyfe and children here
afterwards. My children John, Hugh, Thomas, and Agnes. Proved 15S2. Durham rrobatc Registry.
■ 1587/8, i6th February. Will of Hew Pallaser of the parish of Shilbottle. My body to be buried
in the porch door of the church of Shilbottle. I give to my son. Hew, the land I have purchased, and
also the farmhold I hold of the lord ; remainder to my daughter, ,\nne Pallaser. My wife Anne.
Amount of inventory, £6 ■^s. Proved 1588. Ibid.
^ 1587/8, 2nd February. Will of Thomas Dand of Shilbottle. M)- body to be buried in the parish
church. To my son-in-law, John Jonson, six oxen, with the corn in the ground and of the ground as
it is expressed in his own father's last will; to my brother, John Dand, 2 quyes ; to my brother, Richard
Dand, a cow; residue to John and Elizabeth Jonson, my wife's children. I'roved 15S8. Ibid.
428 SHIl.liOTTI.E PARISH.
churchwardens hi Kl a messuage, for which they paiil a IVcc rent of Jtl. ; the
quccii \n\i\ a tenement and 4 acres, fornierly heloiif^inj; to the coninu luhilor
of the order of St. John of Jeriisakni ; John Browne held a toft and 3 acres
of huid, fornierly belonging to Gilbert Browne, for which he rendered a rose
on St. John Baptist's day ; Hugh (iallon held a tenement with a garden or
croft of 2 acres and 2 husbandlands, formerly belonging to the monastery of
St. Mary of .Alnwick ; and Thomas Pers(_)nne held a tenement with a garden
or croft of 2 acres and i husbandland which also had belonged to Alnwick
monastery.
At the muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March, 1580, Shil-
boltle presented twenty men, of whom nineteen were not properly furnished,
and e.xcused themselves by saying that they could ' not keep horse and geire,
their grt)und is so bare and small.'' In 1587 si.x men from East Teviotdale,
tenants of Cessford, in a raid upon Shilbottle in daylight on the i ith of June,
stole eight horses.^ On the 12th of March, 1589/90, at the Warden court
held at Staweford, William Gray of Alnwick filed a bill of complaint upon
Jock Heslop of ' Mowe ' and Jock Douglas of ' Capupp ' for four stots and
queys stolen from Shilbottle wood on the 13th of February, 1587.' Three
years later, the earl of Northumberland, on behalf of his tenants, prosecuted
a claim for ^86, the value of 32 o.\en and kine, 19 horses and mares, 16
sheep, besides ' insight goods ' stolen by the Scots from John Leashnuin,
George Gibson, Thomas Davye, John Brown, Christopher Leashman, John
Earsdon, Charles Stampe, Thomas Stampe, and Nicholas Stampe.'' At the
muster taken on Aberwick-edge on the 24th of November, 1595, Shilbottle
provided eleven footmen.
Shh.bottle Muster Roll, 1595.^
Jo. Wavdell, Edm. Home, Christofer Leachman, Jo. Cirspe, Charles Stampe, The. Stampe, all with
spears and furnished ; Jo. Gibson, Tho. Lysle, Jo. Johnson, with petronells and fmnished ; Jo. Embleton
and William Moydy, unfurnished.
About the year 161 6 a survey of the Percy estates was made, which
contains more details than any of those which preceded it. The freehold
lands were then held by Ellen (iallant, who possessed 104 acres; John
' Cell. Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 20. '" Ihiil. p. 263. "' Ibi:i. p. 361.
' ' .A^ collection of certain spoils committed by the -Scotts upon the right honourable the earl of
Northumberland, presented and prosecuted before the lord-lieutenant of the North ; mensi, September
1593, by John Browne, his lordship's steward in Northumberland.' Duke of SorthumberlamVs MSS.
' Ciil. Border Papers, Bain, ii, p. 74.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII.ROTTI.E.
429
Harte, 14 acres; Christopher BrowiK', 4 acres; Thomas Huntley, tin lands
formerly belonging to the order of St. John of Jerusalem, 7 acres; and
William Humble held 5 acres 'belonging to the church for ri'pairing of it.'
.SURVKV OF Shii.uotii.h, i6i().
Tenants at Will.
Number
of Farms.
Area of
Messuage,
Garth, etc.
Meadow and
Pasture.
Arable.
Total.'
A. R. P.
A. R. P.
A.
K. p.
A.
R. P.
Arthur Strother
2
1 2 igi
24 I 12
87
0 10
"3
0 2
John Johnson
0 2 28"
12 3 I
42
3 II
S^^
1 I
Richard Ciarrett' ...
0 3 20
I. 2 38
47
I 16
60
0 15
John Ciarrett
I 0 2 27
12 2 37
44
3 39
58
I 24
Thomas Stanipe
I 208
13 0 22
44
3 22
60
0 13
Tliomas Stnnipe, Jiin
I 0 I 28
13 0 2
44
3 15
58
I 6
Oswald Chambers ...
I 028
12 2 34
44
1 0
57
2 2
John Eniehon
I 0 3 30
12 0 27
43
0 28
56
■ 5
Nichohis Home
1 0 2 28
12 I 27
41
0 12
54
2 2^
Robert Huntlye
I 0 2 31
12 3 30
44
3 f'
58
I 28
Thomas Enileton ... ... ... i ' I o 26
12 3 9
42
2 36
5f'
2 34
Christopher Lishman ... ... i
0 I 2
12 0 27
44
2 19
57
0 9
John Stamp i
0 3 35
12 2 3S
44
3 15
58
2 7
Wdliam Turner ... ... ... 1
0 2 32
II 2 25
46
3 17
59
0 34
Nicholas Stanipe ... ... ... 1 1 0 2 32
I T 2 I
44
0 23
57
1 16
John Lishman^ i 0 i 11
8 2 15
35
I 28
44
I 16
Thomas Garrett '
I
0 1 0
7 3 38
36
0 19
44
I 17
Thomas Lisley ^
I
0 I 17
7 2 37
37
1 37
45
2 12
William Twedye'
'
0 I b
7 3 19
37
0 II
45
0 36
There were four cottage farms held by Hugh Palliscr, John Lishman, Richard Dand, and John Tomlyn, which to^other
comprised a tot-il acreage of 54 acres.
In 1635 the rents obtained by the earl of Northumberland comprised
free rent, 5s. ; rent of demesnes, £i() 3s. 4d. ; rent of tenements and
cottages, _^43 14s. 4d. ; total, ^^63 2s. 8d., but beside these annual rents large
sums were paid for fines. In 1663 the Wood-house, the colliery, and part
of the land, belonged to the earl of Northumberland, part of the town to
Selby and Falder, and the great tithes partly to Mr. Selby and partly to
Colonel Brandling.
The greater part of pasture lands of the township remained open and
unenclosed until the middle of last century, when by articles of agreement
' Fraction of a perch omitted.
' 1621, 20th May. Will of Thomas Lisle of Shilbottle. gent. To be buried in the
Shilbottle. My wife, Isabell, to have the third part of my goods, and my eldest son, Rober
right of my farmhold. Residue to be divided at the discretion of my father-in-law, Richa
now of Amble, amongst my children, Robert, Thomas, and George Lisle. I'roved 1622
Probate Registry.
"These four tenants occupied tenements known as the four farms 'at the head of the
amongst them held 56 acres 2 roods 32 perches of common or pasture ground within the
middle, and south fields, etc.
chancel of
t Lisle, the
rd Garrett,
. Durham
town,' and
north, the
430
SHII.BOTTI.K PARISH.
dated the uth ol August, 1758, (iabriel Kcadhead of tlie Lee, Samuel
Marriot of Mt)riKtl), and William Smart of liudle were appointed to be
commissioners for the purpose of making the division. The moor was found
to contain an area of 1.509 acres, and by their award dated the 31st of March,
1759, the commissioners gave to the earl anil countess of Northumberland
as compensation for their manorial rights, and also in respect of tin ir lands
which had commonable rights, 956 acres ; to Richard Clutterbuck for his
lands at Whittle, 236 acres ; to George Selby for his lands at Shilbottle,
89j acres; to the vicar of Shilbottle, 18 acres; and to Joseph Garrett,
George Hunter, and Thomas Palliser in respect of their freehold cottages
and lands, there were given allotments of iS acres, 17 acres, and 7^ acres
respectively.'
The lands and certain of the tithes which had belonged to Alnwick
abbey were sold by Morrice and Phillipps, the Crown grantees, and on the
loth of June, 1610, were conveved to John Crispe, John White, and Richard
Crispe, who resold them in the year 1627 to William Selby of Beal and
Eleanor, his wife. In 1684 Daniel Selby, son and successor of the above-
named William Selby, was a party to the division of Shilbottle Middle-field ;
he was residing at Shilbottle on the 28th of April, 1694, when with Eleanor,
his wife, he released his lands in Holy Island and at Shilbottle to William
Selby of Beal. At the death of the latter, in 1709, he was succeeded by his
son, Prideaux Selby, then residing at Brinkburn, who by his will, dated the
4th of May, 1744, seems to have settled his lands at Shilbottle upon his
younger son, George Selby of Hunting-hall, near Lowick, who in 1759 was a
party to the division of Shilbottle common. Cxeorge Selby was succeeded by
his third son, also named George Selby, of Alnwick, a captain in the Royal
Navy, who died on the 23rd of June, 1867 ; this estate, which comprises 198
acres, still belongs to" Captain Selby's nephew. Dr. Church."
' Duke of NorthnmhcrlancVs MSS. The basis on which the division of Shilbottle common was founded
was the number of ancient farms which the proprietors of the various estates, to which commonaljle
rights were attached, were deemed to possess. The earl and countess of Northumberland possessed in
the township of Shilbottle twenty-one and a half farms ; in Rugley, in the parish of Alnwick, eleven
farms: in Shilbottle W"ood-housc>, four and a half farms; and in Rugley Firth, three farms, making
forty ancient farms in all. Richard Clutterbuck possessed five farms in Whittle; C.eorge Selby of
Hunting-hall two farms in Shilbottle; and Thomas Palliser, Joseph Garrett, and George Hunter each
held a quarter of a farm.
- From the abstract of title. The estate as advertised for sale in the Neurnstle Counint, gtli June,
1827, comprised 207 acres in two divisions, viz., no acres in the infield of Shilbottle, and the lemainder
near Shilbottle collicr)^ There were also corn tithes accruing out of 600 acres of land in the township;
the whole was then let at the yearly rent of ^215.
' For pedigree of Selby of Ijeal see Raine, Norlh Durham, p. 33S.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII.nOTTI.E. 43 I
At the present time, besides the hiiul bekjiigino; to Di'. ("hureh, the
churchwardens possess ii acres, certain small Ireeholders' 22 acres, and there
are 17 acres of glebe. The duke of Northumberland is the proprietor of the
remainder of the township."
In the survey made about J5S5 it is stated that within the manor of
Shilbottle there is 'a good and riche mvne of coles verve profitable to the
countrev thereabouts, the same was occupied bv William Gray of Alnewicke
for the rent oi £4 14s. and after laid downe, and lately demysed during the
lord's pleasure to William Bednell and other the burgesses of Alnewicke for
the rent of £'4 by yere.' ■' Seventeen years later, the coal mine was held
under lease by Griffin Butler and William Harte, clerk, at the rent of _^I5.''
During the eighteenth century the coal mines were held under successive
leases by the familv of Archbold of Cawledge park and Alnwick."' In 1734 it
was stated there are ' several coal pits that are at present in use, and produce
abundance of very good coals that serve most of the neighbouring villages.' "
In a colliery plan bearing the date 14th April, 1764, in the possession of the
Newcastle Society of Antiquaries, there is shown a wind mill, which was
evidently used to work the pump' to draw water from the mines.
' The following persons have from time to time voted at the elections for knights of the shire in
lespect of freehold lands at Shilbottle: 1710, John Garrett of .Shilbottle; 1722, I'enjamin Whittle,
Thomas Enibleton, John Garrett, Thomas Sniales, and Thomas Palliser, all of Shilbottle ; Prideaux
Selby of Real ; 1734, John Garrett and Robert Bcal of Shilbottle, and William Sclby of Beal ; 1748, John
Salkeld, clerk, Joseph Garrett, Thomas James, and Thomas Palliser, all of Shilbottle ; 1774, Joseph
Garrett, George Hunter, George Lough (as parish clerk), all of Shilbottle ; William Embleton of Long
Framlington, Thomas Palliser of Hazelrigg, and George Selby of Hunting-hall; 1826, George Selby of
Alnwick and Hugh Taylor of Earsdon. A small homestead and land (known later as Shilbottle lodge)
was, in 1773, conveyed by George Embleton to William Embleton, who, in 1776, sold it to Thomas
Taylor, with whose family it remained until 1S77, when it was purchased by the duke of Northumberland
from Messrs. C. H., Hugh, and Thomas Taylor.
- The duke of Northumberland's estate comprises the following farms : Town-foot or .Shilbottle
Buildings, Colliery-farm, Long-dike, Dean Moor, Tweedy-stead, Hill-head, Hitchcroft, South Moor, and
South-farm.
' Survey of 1585. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ' Bailiffs' Accounts. Ibid.
^ loth August, 1708, twenty-one years' lease to John Archbold ; 1st October, 1727, eleven years' lease
to Edward Archbold of seams of coal, etc., late in the tenure of Jolin Archbold, his father ; lolh October,
1738, eleven years" lease to Edward .Archbold. Enrolment of Leases; Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
" Mark's Survey, Inedited Contributions to the History of Northumberland, Hodgson Hinde.
' William Brown's Colliery Plans. Newcastle Society of Antiquaries.
Vol. V. 55
43-
SHII.ROTTI.E PARISH.
IN 1824.
SHILBOTTLE CHURCH.
-i.>.. Though no remains of any
pix-("onquest cluirch liave been
fonnd, some structure either of
wood or stone may liave pre-
ceded the small Norman church,
probably built by the Tisons,
lords of the fee, and dedicated to
St. James,' which remained until
1884, when, being pronounced
unfit for the requirements of the parishioners, it was removed and a new
structure erected on the site. The Norman church consisted of a nave 56 feet
in length by 25 feet in width, with a chancel
32 feet by 22 feet, with a modern porch and
vestry.^ Most of the windows, which were
originally round-headed narrow slits, had
been enlarged and fitted with ordinary
window sashes. The roof, which in 171 5
was flat and covered with lead,^ had been
raised and covered with slates, probably in
the year 1790, and on the western gable was
a belfry, which contained two modern bells. ,
The south doorway, which has a circular
arch, with billet and roll mouldings, and shafts
with cushioned capitals, has been retained in the
new structure. The chancel arch (of two square
orders with chamfered label and impost) has ^
been adapted as the arch of the north transept.'
Over the entrance of the porch was engraved
' JOHANNES. SALKELD. OLIM. VICARIUS. FECIT. ET.
POSUIT : SIC. SITUS. JOSEPHUS. COOK. A. M. REFECIT. A
Shilbotti e Church,
North Transept.
D. MDCCCXVm.'^
' Ecton, Thesaurus Reruni Ecclcsiasticantm (pub. 1742), p. 757. 'Shilliottle Feast' is held on the
second Sunday after the Ahiuick July fair. The July fair is held on the last Monday in July; this brings
' Shilbottle Feast' very near to St. James's day (Old Style).
^ The porch was said to have been built about 1790 and the vestry in 1S22. .'\plan of the church is
preserved in Wilson, Churches of Lindisfarne, p. 122.
' Warburton MS. circa 1715. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
' Proc. of Neuxastle Soc. of Antiq. iii. p. 295. ' Mackenzie, NortJiuiiiherlaiid, i. p. 4S5.
SHII.HOTTI.E CHTRCH. 433
The church of Shilbottle was acquired hv the abbot aud convent of
Ahiwick at an early period ; in tlie assessment for the tenth, granted by
Pope Nichokis to Edward I. in 1292, towards the expenses of a crusade,
the value of the rectory of Schiplinbotel is assessed at £\2 2s.,' and in a
taxation of the churches within the archdeaconry of Northumberland, made
in 1306, the rectory of Shilbotill is assessed at £12 2s., the portion of the
vicar being /, 5.^ Five years later the parson of the church t)f Shupling-
botill was charged under the king's writ, 'Levari facias,' at ;^ 6 is.,^ and in
the following year, under the writ of ' Pluries,' he was again assessed at the
same sum.^ In the Nonae Roll in 1340 for the grant of the ninth sheaf, the
ninth fleece, and the ninth lamb, Shiplinbotel church and vicarage were
assessed -aI £\i 2'^:'
The church of Shilbottle continued to be served by secular priests until
the middle of the fourteenth century, when, on the allegation by the abbot
and convent of Alnwick that much litigation and discord had arisen from the
practice, Lewis Beaumont, bishop of Durham, on the 31st of July, 1331,
granted a licence that thenceforth the canons might present one of themselves
to the benefice, not, however, defining the amount to be paid to the new vicar
for his stipend." From this time onward to the dissolution of religious houses
the history of the benefice is merged in that of Alnwick abbey. After the
Reformation the advowson remained in the Crown until 1892, when it was
transferred to the duke of Northumberland, who gave the lord chancellor
other advowsons in exchange.
Monumental Inscriptions.'
On a brass in the chinch : In memory of Samuel Cook, esquire, of Newton-hall, in this parish, who
died A.D. 1796. His sister Jane Cook, spinster. His wife Elizabeth Barker, who died a.d. 1794. Their
children, Samuel Cook, who died commanding the 8th Hussars at the Cape of Good Hope, a.d. 1816.
Mary Cook, spinster, who died a.d. 1S41. The Reverend Joseph Cook of Newton-hall, vicar of Chatton
and Shilbottle, who died A.D. 1844. His wife Sarah Widdrington of Hau.xley, who died A.D. 1840.
Their children, John Widdrington Cook, who died A.D. iSoo. The Reverend Joseph Cook, who died in
the Holy Land and was buried near the Wells of Elini, a.d. 1825. Elizabeth Cook, spinster, who died
' Pope Nicholas' Taxation ; Hodgson, Novihumhcvland, pt. iii. vul. i. p. 353.
- Bishiip KilUiwe's Register, iii. p. 96. ' Ibid, ii. p. 836. ' Ibid. p. 877.
* Noiuinnii Inq. 14 Edw. III. Hodgson, Northuinbcrlaini, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. xi.
" Dui-luiiH Tits. Regisl. 11'". fol. 104'. C/. Hodgson, Northumberland, pi. iii. vol. ii. p. 115.
' On the chancel floor there is a blue marble grave cover on which no epitaph can be traced : 1 he
arms are On a bend three eagles displayed, and the ciest An eagle feeding on an infant in its rest. The arms
of Stanley are: Argent, on a bend a:.ure, three bucks' heads cabushed or; the crest, An eagle feeding on an
infant in its rest. The stone probably originally covered the grave of one of the Strolhcrs of Newton-
on-the-Moor, though tha Strother crest is a. greyhound.
4.M
SHII.nOTTl.K PARISH.
A.I). 1S20. Samuel Edward Cook, captain in (he Koyal Navy, who took the name of VViddrinylon ; he
married Dorothy Davison of Swarland, and died at Newton-hall, .n.d. 1856. And of Krances Cook, who
married .Shalcross Jacson of 15ebinnton, in the county of Chester, and died October 31st, 1876.
Erected to the memory of Mary, daughter of Barbara Hogg of Hazon High-houses, died March loth,
1792, aged 25 years. .-Vlso of Uaibara her sister, who died September loth, 1792, aged 24 years.
Barbara Hogg, died March iSth, 1834, aged 90.
Sacred to the memory of George Hogg of Hazon Higli-houses, who died January 26th, 1800, aged
66 years. Margaret his wife, died January 14th, 1824, aged 74 years. George their son, died May
14th, 1806, aged 28 years.
Tlie burial place of John Hogg of Hazon High-houses, who died May ist, 1823, aged 51 years.
Margaret his wife, died September 5 th, 1830, aged 51 years.
,-\ "rave cover in the chancel of the old church, now in the churchyard, is to the memory of one
of tlie family of John Laing of Hazon ; the latter, according to the register, was buried on the 30th
January, 1806, aged 65, but the inscription is no longer legible.
On a marble grave cover on the chancel floor: Arms, Ermine a lion rampant ; crest, a Iwn piissanl.
'HIC . J.\CET . M.\(;iSTER . ROBIiRTUS . LI.SLE . QUI . OIUIT . ANNO . 1697 ' . AliT.Vr .... CKRTA .
ET . INCERTA . EST . MORS.'
On a marble grave cover on the chancel floor of the old church, but now in the churchyard, is a Latni
and English inscription to the family of Strother of Newton-on-the-Moor. The first part is illegible, the
second stales : Here lyeth Frances Strother, sister of Mr. Henry Strother of Newton, who departed this
life March 25th, 1765, aged So. Here lyeth Frances Strother, daughter of Mr. Henry Strother of
Newton, who departed this life April 7th, 1770, aged 28.
On a tablet in the old church there was the following inscription ; it has been re-worded and re-inserted
in the present building : To the memory of Samuel Edward W'iddrington of Newton-hall, captain in the
Royal Navy, Knight of the Tower and Sword, Fellow of the Geological Society. He died at Newton-hall
January 6th, 1S56. This stone formed part of the Court of the Lions in the Moorish palace of the
Alhambra, whence it was brought in 1829.
Vicars of Shilbottle.
1228 (circa). Richard, chaplain of Siplibotle, was one of the witnesses exammcd in a suit respecting
Cornhill and Ancroft chapels."
1267 (circa). Sir Ralph, the vicar, rented 12 acres of land from Robert de Hilton.^
1296 (circa). Thomas, the vicar, was assessed on £2 8s. for the subsidy of 1296.'
1312 (circa). William Bernardi. 1312/3, 21st March, Bishop Kcllawe issued a mandate to his official
to relax the suspension of William Bernardi perpetual vicar of Shypbotill.^
1372 (circa). John de Morpeth.'
1372. John de Bedlington, after the death of John de Morpeth."
1437 (circa). John Bamburgh ; vicar of Chatton, 1437-1456.''
1437. William de Alnewicke, on the resignation of Bamburgh.''
'497 (circa). George Bewyke." '
1497. Robert Clark, canon of Alnwick, instituted on the 17th October on the resignation of Bewyke."'
He appeared at the archbishop's visitation, held at Alnwick, 1501.'
1538. George Wilkinson, instituted 15th February, 1537/8, after the death of Clark; vicar of .\lnham,
IS34-I538-''
1560. Thomas Ogle, obtained presentation by letters patent, dated 22nd October, 1560,° and was
instituted 20th March, 1560/1, after the death of Wilkinson.'
' 1697, 20th July. Robert Lisle of Hazon, gent., buried. Shilbottle Register.
- Fcodarium Pr. Dunelm. Greenwell, pp. 221, 223, 229. Surtees Soc. No. 58. ' See p. 418 supra
' See p. 419 supra. '" Up. Kellawe's Register, i. p. 167. '' Randal, Slate of the Churches
' Durham Registers, Fox ; Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, M, 214.
" Ecclesiastical Proc. of Bp. Barnes, Raine, p. xxxiii. Surtees Soc. No. 22.
" Durham Registers, Tunstal ; Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, Y, 77.
sini.iurrTLE chtrch. 435
1571. John Ladyman, instituted nth May, 1571, after the death of Oj;le ; ' -' \ icar of I.es1)ii y,
1579-1586; vicar of Warkworth, 159S-1610.' He appeared at tli? chancellor's visitation, lield at
Alnwick, 2glh January, 1577/8, and on tlie 301I1 July Inll.iwiny is returned as ha\ iny clul)' perfomied his
task upon St. Matthew's gospel.'
1579. Christopher Watson, instituted 7th July, after the resignation of Ladyman.'
1596. William Hart, after the death of Watson ; vicar of Mitford, 1575.'' In 1603 he was joint lessee
of the Shilbottle coal mines," and in 1616 John Hart was a freeholder."
1610. Thomas X'icars, instituted 4th August, 1610; vicar of Kelton, 1616;' was about 50 years of
age in 1634."
1636, I2th July. Will of Thomas \'icars of .Shilljotle, clerk. To be interred in .Shilbotle chancell.
I give to the chinxhwardens £^, charging them to bestow it on a chalice of pure silver with a cover.
Towards the raising of pillars and bridge of stone in that burne where an ancient pillar stands yet,
faire to be scene, in the wale between Shilbotle and Alnwick, chargcing my executor not to deliver
the said little some before he doth fully understand they goe in hand with the worke, and can give him
a list of the names of the receivers, contributertre, treasurers, or of the officers, in writing, 30s. Towards
the raising stone pillars and bridge over Newton burne, within the parish of Shilbotle, with the like
caution, 30s. To the churchwardens of Staindropp to be laid out for a fine silver chalice with a cover,
or without if they like better, ^'5.° To my eldest sister's sons and daughter, John, Robert, Francis,
Richard, and Ann Simpson, ^40 apiece; to my onely and dearest sister (? Hutchinson) all my estate
and also my medow closes which her husband farmeth of me. Debts due to me: Mr. John Salkeld of
Rock, ^450; Mr. Wm. Salkeld of Preston, ^iio ;■ Mr. Ralph Lisle of Hason, gent., ;f 10 and ten grotes,
etc. Proved 1636.'°
1636. John Falder, instituted 17th August," probably a son of Thomas Falder of Alnwick, clerk; was
28 years of age in 1634.'-' ' He was turned out in 1648, and very ill-used after his sequestration, being
robb'd abroad and plundeied at home. He was likewise forbid to keep school or to use the Common
Prayer in a private congregation in his own house. His wife could never recover the fifths ; but
instead of it was reviled and abused. He lived to repossess his living in 1660, and was a man of good
learning and an unblamable life.'"
1648-1660 vicar during the Commonwealth.
1660. John Falder restored; vicar of Lesbury, 1666-1673." Archdeacon Basire wrote, 1669, October
17th : ' He has no gown, but a cloke ; he reads whining ; chancel and church full of heaps of rubbish, his
library under the communion table.' '^
1673. William Fenwick, M.A., instituted 22nd November, 1673, after the death of Falder ;'" vicar of
Lesbury, 1673-1688 ; died 20th September, 1688."
16S8. James Forster, after the death of Fenwick ; curate of Alnwick, 1687-1692 ; vicar of Lesbury,
168S-1712 ;" buried 27th August, 1712."
1712. Edward Shanks, after the death of Forster; vicar of Lesbury, 1712-1725; buried 17th January,
1724/5."
1725. William Pye, instituted 2nd April, 1725 ;" buried loth August, 1726."
' Randal, Stati- of the Churches. ' Durhdiii Registers, Pilkington ; Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, M, 191.
' Ecclesiastical Proc. of Bp. Barnes, pp. 36, 76. ■" Durhaui Registers, Barnes.
' Randal, State of the Churclies. " See p. 431 supra. ' See p. 429 supra.
' Acts of High Commission, Longstaffe, 61, Surtees See. No. 34.
° Mr. Vicars' bequest to the church of Staindrop was expended in the purchase of two patens. They
are of the date 1647, and bear the following inscription: 'The gift of Thomas Vicars | For the church of
Staindrop.' Cf. Proc. of Netccastle Soc. uf Antiq. iv. p. 248. See also Surtees, Durham, iv. p. 139.
'" Durham Probate Registry. " Liber Institutionum, Public Record Office.
'■-■ Acts of High Commission, Longstaffe, pp. 59 n, 126. Surtees Soc. No. 34. Cf. Tate, Ahncick, ii. p. 1 ji.
" Walker, Sufferings of the Clergy (ed. 1714), book ii. p. 245. " Vol ii. p. 442.
'* Basire, Note-book in Cathedral Library, Durham. "^ Randal MS. Durham Cathedral Library.
" Vol. ii. p. 442. " Shilbottle Register. '" Liber Institutionum, Public Record Office.
43f>
SHll.luVrri.K PARISH.
1726. Jolin ISanoii, inslitutcil "th October, 1726.'
173S. John Skelly, inslituted 22iid June, 1738 r somclimc lulor in llic family of Alexander, second
duke of Clordon, whose daughter Lady Hetty Gordon he married ; afterwards vicar of Stockton.
1742. John Salkeld, instituted July, 1742, on the resignation of Skelly." Curate of Elvet, 1736.'
1781, 15th December. Will of John -Salkeld, vicar of Shilbottlc. I give to my son William .Salkeld
my freehold house in or near Warkworth commonly called the liutts, and to my daughter Frances
Errington my freehold house in or near Alnwick commonly called the liutts. My wife residuary legatee
and executrix. Proved 1786.'
17S7 Cockeram."
1788. George Bowe. instituted 26ih June:' inducted 29th July, 178S ; sometime chaplain 60th Foot,"
afterwards curate at Warkworth ; he married Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. John Skclly and Lady Hetty
his wife, and died at Shilbottle, 21st April, 1803.°
1803. Joseph Cook, M.A., Christ college, Cambridge ; instituted 21st June, 1803.'" Of Newton-hall;
also vicar of Chatlon ; died 24th May, 1844.
1844. William Yorick Smythies of Trinity college, Oxford; matriculated loth December, 1S35;
B.A. 1839 ; afterwards vicar of Buckland.
1849. J. B. Roberts of Christ Ch. college, Cambridge ; B..\. 1816; M..\. i8ig.
1880. Joseph Golightly of University college, Durham ; B..-\. 1874 ; M.. A. 1877.
1697, May 30th.
1698/9, Jan. 26th.
1699, April i6th.
1699/1700, Jan. 13th.
1700, Sept. 1st.
1701, April 13th.
1701, Dec. 2ist.
1703, Dec. 1 6th.
1706, May i6th.
1707, ."Xugust 2nd.
1707/8, Feb. 19th.
1708, August 29th.
1714/5, Feb. 1 2th.
1716, August 5th.
1719, May 19th.
1719, June 25th.
1719, October 12th.
1720, May 22nd.
1722, June 3rd.
1729, July 20th.
1729, July 20th.
1729, July 17th.
EXTR.\CTS FROM SHlI.llOT'l LE REGISTER.
Roger, son of Cuthbert Buston of Wood-house, baptised.
Eleanor, wife of Mr. Daniel Selby of Shilbottle, buried.
Mary, daughter of Cuthbert Buston of Wood-house, farmer, baptised.
Robert Lisle of Hauxley, formerly of Long Framlington, gent., buried.
Clement Forster of .\lndike, gent., and Mary Barker of (lUyzance, married.
John, son of Cuthbert Buston of Wood-house, baptised.
Mary, wife of John Manners of Newton Moor-house (sic) (query, New .Moor-house),
buried.
Joseph Ritson, minister, of .Alnwick, and Mary Cook of Warkworth, married.
John .-Xnnett and Dorothy Wilkinson, both of Hartlaw, married.
William, son of Mr. (ieorge Selby of Shilbottle, baptised.
Mr. Daniel Selby of Shilbottle, buried.
Richard, son of Mr. John Collingwood, late of DuJdah, in the parish of Xorhani,
baptised.
Mr. Mark Ogle of Pont Island parish, and Mrs. Elizabeth Manners of .\cton, in
Felton parish, married.
Francis, son of Nicholas Forster of Hartlaw, gent., baptised.
Thomas, son of Francis Warrick, of Shilbottle, baptised.
Cuthbert Buston of Wood-house, buried.
John Appleby of Warkworth parish, and Margaret Buston of Whittle, married.
Mr. Edward Archbold of .Alnw-ick parish, and Mrs. Dorothy Lisle of Newton, married.
John, son of Mr. Thomas Pallister of Shilbottle, baptised.
Thomas, son of Mr. Thomas Pallister of Shilbottle, baptised.
Isabel, wife of Daniel Cameron of Shilbottle, buried.
David, son of Daniel Cameron of Shilbottle, baptised.
Thoinas Wilson of Hadston, parish of Warkworth, and Sarah Falder of this parish,
married.
' Liber Iiisltlutioiutm, Public Record Office.
' Randal MS. Durham Cathedral Library.
' Liber Instituiionum, Public Record Office.
"Newcastle Courant, 30th April, 1803.
■ Ibid. " Randal, State of the Churches.
■' Durham Probate Registry. " Nicholas Brown, Diary.
' Mr. Thomas Clutierbuck, Commonplace Book.
'" Liber Institutionuin. Public Record Office.
SHII.nOTTT.K CHI'RCH. 437
1730, June 25th. Cutlibert Turner of Wood horn parish, and Jane lUiston of this parish, married.
1733, Sept. 15th. Thomas Wardle of the parish of l-'ranihnt;ton, and Mary Strothcr of this parish,
married.
1734, April jtli. Roliert Dand of Shilbottle, householder, buried.
1743, April 3olh. Mi-. John Mills of Whittingham parish, and Mrs. Margaret Henderson of this
parish, married.
1750, Nov. i6th. John Buston of Wood-house, buried.
1751, May i8th. Ro^er Huston and Mary Gibson, both of this parish, married.
1752, April 3rd. Henry Tomlin of Guyzance, and Sarah Emblcton of Warkworth, marrieil.
1752, May 23rd. Jolin Laing and Sarah Nicholson, both of Hazon, married.
1754, May 29th. Miss Dorothy Proctor of Hartlaw, buried.
1764, Dec. 8th. Robert, son of Mr. Laing of Hazon, baptised.
1765, May 2gth. Elizabeth, daughter of Mr. George Forstcr of Wood-house, baptised.
1766, May 9th. John, son of John Laing of Hazon, farmer, baptised.
1771, March 7th. Henry Thomas Davison, son of Mr. Tomlin of Barnhill, baptised.
1774, May 24th. Ralph, son of Mr. George and Elizabeth Forster of Wood-house, farmer, baptised.
17S7, May 5th. John William, son of John Bacon Forster, esq., and Sarah, his wife, of Hartlaw,
baptised.
1796, Sept. 3rd. Edward, son of the Re\-. William Heverstock and Elizabeth, his wife (late Cook),
baptised.
1802, Oct. 2Sth. ^Laria Alicia, third daughter of George William Leeds' of Low Newton, esi|., a native
of St. iVIargaret, Westminster, by his wife Maria .Sanderson, a native of
Morpeth, baptised.
MlSCEI.L.\NE.\.
1577-15S7. The \aluc of the vicarage of Shilbottle was £4 14s. 8d.-
1601, October 15th. Office against Sir John Forster, knight, 'that the quire is in decaie through his
default."
i6ro, May 19th. Grant to Francis Morrice and Francis Fhilipiis (in trust) of the corn tithes of the
vill of Shilbottle, parcel of the rectory of Shilbottle, late in the occupation of I'crcival and Hugh (iallon,
of the yearly value of 53s. 4d. ; of the corn tithes of four tenements in the west end of Shilbottle, lale in
the occupation of John Gallon, of the yearly value of los., late parccll of the possessions of the late
monastery of Alnwick.''
In 1634 there were proceedings in the Court of High Commission at Durham against Robert
Brandling of Alnwick abbey, the proprietor of the greater part of the corn tithes of the township of
Shilbottle who had quarrelled with the vicar of Shilbottle. Witnesses deposed that, 'on a Sondaic the
forenoone, aboute foure yeares agoe. Brandling came into Shilbotle church and imediately after praiers
were done fell into some anger and rage in and against Mr. Vicars, and called him "scabt, scounderell,
priest, or fellow," with many other threatenings and disgraceful speeches. In harvest tyme, about three
yeares gone in harvest last, Mr. Brandling came into the corne feildes at Shilbottle with one William
Brandling, Georg Bowmaker, and a Scottish man called William. And when as Mr. Vicars endeavoured
to have hindred them to have taken away his tieth beare or barley, Mr. Brandling and Bow-maker lav
handes upon him and pulled him from his horse to the ground. Bowmaker held him and Mr. Brandling-
loosed one of his owne garterins and attempted to have bounde him, but was prevented in regard sonie
con-ipany came to give assistance, and see Mr. Vicars escaped.'^
1663. The living w-as in the gift of the Crown, and the vicar's stipend ^20 a year. The impro-
priators were Mr. Charles Brandling, Mr. W. Selby of Beal, iMr. Ratcliffe of Spindleston, Mr. Leonard
' Of Cro.xlon park, Cambridgeshire; created a baronet 31st December, 181 2.
- Clavis Ecclesiastica : Ecclesiastical Proc. of Bp. Barnes, Raine, p. 9. Surtees Soc. No. 22.
3 Durham Records. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, V, p. 24S. * Pat. Roll, 1869, 8 Jas. I. pt. 31. m. 3.
^ Acts of Htgli Commission, Durham, Longstafte, pp. 56, 59, 6i Surtees Soc. No. 34.
^38 SHII.HOTTI.E PARISH.
Ihornton, and Mr. (".corfje Lisle. Glebe anciently belonyinj,' to the church was in the possession of Mr.
William Selby. The church in good condition. 1 here were no schools, and neither papists nor
sectaries.'
1665, .\iigust. The parish of Shilboltle, in three collections, raised and contributed 4s. yd. to the relief
of the sufferers from the ^reat plajjue of London. -
1666, October 10. On the day of the -general fast, ordered by royal proclamation, 9s. 5.kl. was
collected at Shilbottle for the sufferers by the great fire of London."
1751. Henry Strother, by will dated 30th November, 1751, gave to certain trustees .£250 in trust to
pay the interest of ^100 to the vicar of Shilbottle for the time being ; the interest on / 100 to the school-
master of Ncwton-on-the-Moor, and the interest on /,5o to the schoolmaster of Shilbottle. Frances
Strother, spinster, by will dated 5th March, 1765, gave the interest of /50 for the poor nf the parish nf
Shilbottle, and the interest of /50 to the schoolmaster of Ncwton-on-the-Moor.*
1764, February 2. Counsel's opinion that the vicars of Shilbottle were entitled to the tithe hay on the
allotments of common recently divided by the freeholders by agreement. Of the 24J farms of the town-
ship 20 had been accustomed to pay 2d. a farm as a modus, and the other 4 paid tyth hay in kind.=
1790. 'An assessment of 50s. per farm through the parish of Shilbottle to raise £145 for the repair of
the church.' Freeholders : The duke of Northumberland (at Shilbottle 22 farms, at Wood-house 4 farms),
26 farms, £6'^ \ William Bacon Forster, esq., 12 farms, ;/;30 ; Samuel Cook, esq., 6 farms, ^15: John
Clutterbuck, esq., 5 farms, ^12 los. ; Mr. Thomas Strother, 4 farms, £10; Francis Johnson, esq., 2 farms,
/5 ; George Selby, esq., 2 farms, £i ; John Garrett (i), George Hunter (]), Thomas Pallister (|), church
lands (i), I farm, £2 los. Total, 58 farms, /i45-
1790. 'Assessment of 14s. per farm on the 58 farms to raise ^^40 12s. to repair the chancel.' Mrs.
Ilderton, 20 farms, £14 ; the vicar and Cieorge Selby, esq., 9 farms, £b 6s. ; W. 15. Forster, esq., 12 farms,
^S Ss. ; Sam. Cook and Thos. Strother. esq"', I2 farms, £& 8s.; Mr. Marmaduke Grey, 5 farms, £2, los.
Total, sSfarms, ;f40 I2s.»
1826 May 31. Shilbottle is a vicarage worth about /;220. The impropriation is in various hands,
viz., Mr. Cook of Newton-hall, Mr. ISacon, Lieut. Selby, R.N., Mr. Sanderson Ilderton, etc. The chancel
is however, repaired by the parishioners, who lia\e a church fund arising from the rent of lands called
'lord's lands': it produces at present ^24 15s. per annum. They have two services with one sermon on
Sundays, and sacrament four times in the year. The population is 870, but the church contains only 1 88
without any free sittings ; there are no Catholics, and very few dissenters. The church is in excellent
order, but wants painting ; and I called on them to endeavour to meet their increasing population with
proportionate church room, and at all events not to suffer the churchyard fence to deteriorate. The
parsonage is small but good, and has as appurtenances a cottage, a barn, and a stable ; there are 18
acres of glebe well ascertained and well fenced. The register begins in original in 1724, and as a
copy of an older one in 1684. The tombstones of Lisle and Strother in the church are handsome, and .a
simple monument in the churchyard is erected by the vicar and parishioners to the memory of a young
neighbour who fell in the island of Martinique in the 7th Fusiliers ; the inscription is the adjutant's letter,
and a very touching letter it is.'
1868. Mr. Hugh Taylor of Earsdon, commissioner to the duke of Northumberland, who died on the
30th August, 1868, by his will gave ^1,000 to the vicar and churchwardens of Shilbottle, the interest of
which was to be distributed amongst the poor yearly at Christmas.' The same benefactor, in his lifetime,
by deed conveyed to trustees parcel of the great tithes of Birtley, in the parish of Chollerton, commuted
for /'29 4s. gd. per annum, in trust for Shilbottle school.
' Vu-u^ of the EccUsiasticat State within the Archdeaconry of Northinnberland, 1663. Cf. Arch. Aei. xvii.
p. 251.
- Ex Mickleton MSS. xvii. p. 250. Dp. Cosin's Corresp. |). 325. Surtees Soc. No. 55. " Ibui. p. 33t.
• Report of the Commissioners for Inquiring Concerning Charities, 58 Geo. III.-7 William IV. Northum-
berland, p. 454. ^ Opinion of Chr. Fawcett. Case Book in the possession of Mr. G. H. Thompson.
' Sir David Smith's Collection. ' Archdeacon Singleton's Minute Book.
'This bequest is invested in ..£1,066 165. iid. £2 15s. per cent, stock.
SHILROTTLE TOWER.
439
The Tower.
As has already been mentioned, the tower of Schilbotyl occurs in the
list of fortalices existing in the year 1415. It was in the lord's own hands in
1525 by the default of Charles Watson, the late tenant, who had paid a rent
of 1 2d. a year for it, and a similar entry occurs in the Bailiifs' Accounts for
the year ending Michaelmas, 1532. It is not known at what period it was
given to the benefice, but it has for a long time past formed a part of the
vicarage house. The latter is a modern structure, in which a portion of the
mediaeval tower has been incorporated and occupies its south-east angle.
This fragment of old work is only about 21 feet q inches by 17 feet 4 inches
on plan, and is about 20 feet in height. It consists of a vaulted chamber
measuring 15 feet 4 inches bv 10 feet 2 inches, entered on the west side by
Ohilbottle: Tower
HouOE
OcALEOrrtET
'O j~ o
I I I I I Ti I I I I
JL'
)fhKnowLC3 Mcno&DBL
LuEW\Tlon OF
LnTRAncL DooEWAY
OE.CTior( UcxDKinc
PtORTM
a four-centred archway, and was lighted bv two narrow square-headed
windows, one on the south side still in use, and the other on the north side
now built up ; near to each of these windows is a small cupboard recess.
The vaulted ceiling is also four-centred, and is shown on the accompanying
sketch. There is no visible access to the upper floors,' which may have been
approached by an external door having a movable wooden stair. The walls
of the tower have a batter on all sides, and exceed the height of the
basement level ; they have been modernised and raised, apparently in 1863,
by Mr. Roberts, then vicar. The modern portions of the house so effectively
enclose the tower that it is not possible to say whether it stood alone or
formed part of a larger structure as its small size seems to suggest.
' In vicar Salkeld's lime (died 1786) the chamber on the first floor of the tower was flagged with stone,
but his successor, Mr. Bowe, took the flags up and boarded the room. Sir David Smith's ColUction.
Vol. V, b'^
440 SHILBOTTI.E PARISH.
TOWNSHIP OF SHILI^OTTI.E WOOD-HOUSE.
The existence of Shilbottle Wood-house as an independent township is
of modern origin, for when Shilbottle Moor or common was divided in 1759
' an allotment was set ofl" for Wood-house as being then part of the township
of Shilbottle, and indeed it appears clear that Wood-house is not distinct from
Shilbottle, but part of it, and it was always included in the constabulary
of Shilbottle, and never had a constable of its own until lately, when a
constable was got appointed there on account (as is believed) for the farmer
of it — who was made constable — to be exempt from the militia.' It
comprises 567 acres, and in 1891 had a population of 31."
The handle end of an iron sword found in Shilbottle wood is preserved
in the museum at Alnwick castle ; the handle, made of bone, is encircled by
longitudinal rods of iron 5 inches in length ; the imperfect blade is now
7^ inches long, and very much decayed.^
The place represents the lord's demesne lands, and in the sixteenth
century was called Shilbottle park. The earliest notice that has been found
occurs in the earl of Northumberland's Bailiffs' Accounts for 1472, when the
grieve of Shilbottle accounted for the rents of certain demesne meadows
called Dowkerhalgh, Waterlees, Tcnacres, and Tiallcz,^ which were let for
27s. a year.^ In i486 an allowance of los. was made for charges incurred in
the enclosing and maintaining of hedges and ditches round Shilbottle wood,
and Thomas Doddesworth, the bailift and forester of the lordship, was
charged los. for rent of a thicket (virgulti) within the great wood eaten by
his horses and cattle.'' In the same year i2d. was received for the bark and
2s. for the branches of trees cut down for the works at Warkworth castle ; in
the following year I2d. was received for branches. Thomas Doddesworth,
who held the office of bailiff and forester by the earl's Letters patent for the
term of his life, in 1488 was paid ^3 os. 8d. for his fee." In 1562 there was a
rebate of rent on account of a parcel of meadow in Shilbottell called Lang-
haugh, held by John Stamp at i6s. a year, because it had been occupied by
the lord's officers, together with the hay growing there to the lord's use. The
' Lambert MS.
''The Census Returns are: iSoi, 29; 181 1, 8; 1S21, 25; 1S31, 31 ; 1841, 23; 1851, 36; 1861, 33;
1S71, 22 ; 1881, 21 : 1891, 31. " Alnwick castle museum, case F, No. 970.
' A name still in use as the desi^'nation of the Tylee burn, which separates the township of Wood-
house from those of High and Low Buston in Warkworth parish.
" Duke of Northumberland's MSS. "Ibid. 'Ibid.
TOWNSHIP OF SHII. BOTTLE WOOD-HOUSE. 44 1
sum of 25s. lod. was paid in wages to men hired to cut down trees in Sliil-
bottle wood, for carrying them to Alnwick castle, and building a hedge there
with the said trees. John Stamp, the keeper of the wood, was paid £2> °s- ^d.
for his wages, at the rate of 2d. a day.' The following description is taken
from a survey of the manor of Shilbottle made about the year 1585 :
Tliere is within the s;iid manner two large parccUes of ground inclosed, very well replenyshed «ith
great tymber and other wodes, the one called the south wode, the other the north woode, and are now
much wasted and consumed by reason of the contynually taking and delyverynge of tymber to his lord-
ship's tenauntes for reparaciones and other wayes. The said woodes have beene used since the said
manner came to his lordship's auncestors' handes as purlewes to tlie parkes of Callerchc, W'arkcworlh,
and Acklington ; the herbage whereof are now demysed to one Thomas Stampe, together with other
parcelles of the demaynes by indenture for terme of yeres yet induringe.
The balye or keper of the same wodes, for his better gayne and profit!, hath Ijenc heretofore
accustomed to receyve of the tenauntes of Bylton, Woulden, Buston, and Shilbottell, of e\erie of them,
one threave of wheat or rye in the tynie of harvest for lycence to take wodde for launges, walling, and
other necessaries, calling the same forster corne, and now claiming the same as parcel! of the profittes of
his office, to the gieat distruction of the said woodes if the same be suffered.'
The premises so leased to Thomas Stamp comprised a well-built capital
messuage, with a garden and croft, certain closes called the Holte, Forster-
launde, Langhaughe, the Southe-wood, the Langhaughe-pece, the Over-seaven-
acre, the Under-wod-pece, Tyle-leae, the Style-hill, the Salter-meadow,
Cannon-meadowe, Wanda-leaz, Carterdeane-meadow, containing 141 acres in
all, the herbage of the North- wood of 130 acres and of the South-wood of 200
acres ; the rent of the whole was ;^5 i6s. 8d. a year."' In 1587 not less than
84 oaks were cut out of Shilbottle wood ; one tree was given to the township
of Rennington to make 'a payr of stockes,' some were used in the repair of
VVarkworth and Longhoughton mills, and others were sold."*
In 1607 Shilbottle park, with 'the harbage of twoe great woodes their
called the Northe woode and the Southe woode,' were held by Thomas
Stamp under a twenty-one years' lease granted on the 17th of February,
1585/6.^ In the following year Robert Stamp paid a fine of ^"15 on being
admitted to a new twenty-one years' lease at the same rent of _^5 i6s. 8d."
In an old account of the boundaries and contents of Shilbottle, drawn up
in 1608, it is stated that :
Shilbutle wood, in the occupation of Thomas Stampe, is environed «ith Shilbolle, niUon. Upper
Buston, Nether Buston, and Sturton CJrainge, havinge Shilbutle fieldes on the west and the north, Bilton
and the 2 Bustons onne th' easte, and Siurtonne Grainge onnc the southe, contaninge 348 .acres, viz., 60
' Receivers' Accounts. Duke of Novthumbciiand's MSS. '' Diikc uf Noytliumbirlaiht's MSS.
' Survey of 1585. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. 'Ibid.
* Stockdale's Survey. Ibid. ° Survey of 1585 (marginal notes). Ibid.
442
SHILBOI TI.F. PARISH.
acres in earhable, 40 acres in mctloe, and 84 acres in pasture, with 164 acres of wood, undcrwodes
shrubes and bushes, all barren, unfruictfull, sowre and watrye, so that it is unpossible to keep any sheepe
upon the same.'
Four vears later Stamp was superseded in liis office by Arthur Strotlier
of Shilbottle, who met with so hostile a reception from his neighbours that he
addressed the following petition to the earl of Norlluiniberhmd :
The humble peticion of Arthure Strolhcr of Shilbolle, within the county of Northumberland, your
honour's servant, shewinge : That your lordship, in May last past, by your lordship's warrant, did depute
and appoint your supliant and said servant woodward and keei)er of all your lordshipp's woods of .Shil-
botle aforesaid during your good lordshipp's pleasure ; and that by vertue therof your supliant entcrrcd
therto. And your supliant forther sheweth that one Thomas Slampe of Shilbotlc, Danyell Galland, layt
of the same, deceased, have, sythenc your lordshipp's said warrant graunted, not onely denyed, as all
other the inhabitants of the same place doe deny, to pay unto your supliant his fees accustomed to be paid
lor the said office, but also have greatlie spoyled and waisted your supliant's said woods, and encouraged
dyvers others to doe the like. .'Xnd your supliant also forther sheweth that he, accordinge to the trust in
him reposed by your good lordship, did, about eight weeks since, make a stopp of certaine grene woods
which Thoinas Embleton and Robert Huntley were leadinge away forth of >-our lordship's said woods, for
revenge wherof they have procured John Huntley, servant to the said Robert, Robert Browne, servant unto
the said Galland, and John Johnson to ly in awayt for your said supliant. and to murder him, and they
accordingly have sore hurte and wounded your supliant. Wherfore your supliant humblie preyeth your
good lordship that your good lordship will take such present order for your supliant hearin as his fees may
be paid unto him and such other course taken for your supliant's quiet enjoying the said office, and his
wronges done as your lordship shall thinke meet, and your supliant shall, according to his bounden duty,
daylie prey for your good lordship in health long to contynewe.^
What was decided about the keepership does not appear, but in 1628, in
consideration of the payment of a fine of ^18, a lease of Shilbottle park, etc.,
was granted to Martin Stamp to hold for twenty-one years at the same rent as
before.' At its e.\piration there was a change of tenancy, for on the 27th of
March, 1649, in consideration of a fine of_/.'ioo, a lease was granted to Joseph
Forster, who seems to have been a member of the Low Buston family, and
himself became ancestor of the family of Forster of High Buston and '
Newton-bv-the-sea. Forster, on the 28th of April, 1648, wrote from Gloster-
hill to Hugh Potter :
My service presented unto you, wishing you health and happines. I was forsed to neglect the
performance of my promis that I made unto you by reasone of the extreamitie of a plurisie which I tooke
one Tuesdaye last with so much violence that if God, by his providence, had not given me ease by the
ordinarye means he hath appointed, it had beene imposable for me to have subsisted till this time. But
now I blesse his name for it, 1 have recovered so much strength as to take the paines to give your worship
satisfaction, the which I expected my brother should have done, but I am informed by him that your
demands were so hie as not posable to be dealt with all, but he lets me understand that it is your desire
that if I cane not come I should write my minde unto you in it, which I have here done according to your
' Duke oj Nuiiliuiiihiihiiid's MSS.
'" Endorsed ' Arthere Strother's peticione to his lordship of 1612.' Ihul.
' Marginal note in Surrey of 1585. Duke of Northumbcyland's MSS
TOWNSHIP OF NEWTOX-ON-THK-MOOR. 443
desire, though with a great deele of paine. He acquaints mc that your demand is £180 fine, which I am
sure is more than ever any mane cane make of it; yet thus much I will ingage my selfe, to paye ;f 100 fine
and what was promised yourselfe beside shall also be made good at the receiveing of the lease. Only I
hope you will be pleased to abate some what of the rente for the child, and to let me have a little timber
for to buld a house with. And this I will ingage my selfe to doe, that if this will serve if the widdow w ill
take one man I will take an other, and I will stand to theire order, if she cane satisfic me for my disburs-
ments in any convenient time, she shall have the lease, or else if she will disburse halfe she shall have
halfe ; if not, I will do the like to the child as soone as he is capable to manage it. Cod forbid that I
should betraye the trust imposed upon me. This is more, I vow, then any frinde doth advise mc unto,
and more than ever 1 would have done for it, but I would be loath to se the child left to the mercye of the
world, of whom I make no doubt but your worship will take pittic and commiseration. This is all I cane
saye at presente, etc'
Forster's descendants, under successive leases,^ contiiuied to hold the
place until about the vear 1775, but for many years they had been permitted
to sublet to other tenants. It continues to be the property of the duke of
Northumberland, and is comprised in one farm."
TOWNSHIP OF NEWTON-ON-THE-MOOR.
The township of Newton-on-the-Moor'' occupies the highest as well as
the most westerly portion of the parish of Shilbottle, part of the township
being within the 500 feet contour-line. It is watered by the Newton and
Hampeth burns, is traversed by the Great North Road, and has an area of
940 acres. Besides Newton-hall and the hamlet of Newton, it comprises
the houses and homesteads called Low Newton, Newton Villa, and North
Newton, and in i8gi it had a population of 215.'
' Duke of Northtimberland's MSS.
■ Viz., by leases dated 30th August, 1692 (fine ^180, rent /20) ; 6th March, 1711/12 (fine ^380, rent
^20); 1st April, 1733 (fine ^Soo, rent ^20); ist October, 1753 (fine ^470, rent .^67). Enrolment of
Leases. Duke of Northumt>erland's MSS.
' As it seldom happens that material exists from which an unbroken succession of tenants of a farm
can be constructed, the names of Forster's successors may be added, viz. ; 1775, Thomas Graham and
J. T. and W. Allan; 1781, Henry Potts; 1812, John and William Potts; 1847, Mr. William Fenwick
of Sturton Grange South Side; i860, Mr. \V. A. Rand; in hand, 1884-1888; 1S88, Mr. Thomas S.
Brew-is, the present occupier. John I-'otts and his brother William were skilled land surveyors, and
estate plans of their making remain with neighbouring land owners. They possessed a fine strain of
horses of the \'ardy breed. William Potts, the younger of the brothers, at the age of 70, was accidentally
drowned in the river Coquet on the 22nd of March, 1844 ; and John Potts died at .Alnwick on the 9th of
June, 1856, aged 86 years.
* By his will, dated 30th November, 1751, Henry Strother of Newton-on-the-Moor gave ^10 ' towards
the expense of building a school-house to be erected at the east end of James Fair's shop or work house in
Newton-on-the-Moor,' and in addition .£100, of which the interest was to be paid to the schoolmaster.
His sister, Frances Strother, by will, dated 5th March, 1765, gave the interest of ^50 to the schoolmaster,
and Henry Strother's daughter, also named Frances Strother, by will, dated 4th April, 1770, gave the
the interest of ^100 in trust for the use of the school at Newton. Further Report 0] the Commissioners
for Inquiring Concerning Charities, 5S Geo. III. 7 William IV. Northunilierland, jjp. 454-456. These
several sums are now represented by the sum of ^209 12s. invested by the Charity commissioners in
£2 15s. per cent, consols.
= The Census Returns are: 1801, 162; 1811, 228; 1S21, 244; 1831, 265; 1841, 290; 1S51, 290;
1861, 291 ; 1871, 28S ; 1881, 233 ; 1891, 215.
444
SHn.HoTTI.l'; PARISH.
Originally held bv tin- Hiltons' with llu- lordship of Shilbottk- of the
barony of Alnwick," Nevvton-on-the-Moor before the year 1256 had come
into the possession of Ranietta, the daughter and heiress of John le Viscount.'
In the deed made on the
^-rt^^^5^ ^«-f J'-f'' v-^T"^" ' ''^'^h of July of that year,
^^^#S^23>^!-" Kametta 'h V^escuntesse '
'•V 'Z.-i''-''". ■>a>*e«*r!*f»flrf iii., ;,„^i i^gj- second husband,
Hereward de Marisco, gave her
Northumbrian estates to Simon
de Montfort, earl of Leicester,
in exchange for lands in Hamp-
shire and Wiltshire. By this
deed they quit-claimed to the
earl their rights in the manor
of Newton - super - Moram, in
Shipley, in Cartington, and in
all other lands and tenements
which Rametta could have by
inheritance in Northumber-
land.'' This connection with
■^^ J,
Old Cottage, Newton-on-the-Moor.
the Viscount barony of Embleton was maintained by subsequent lords
of the fee, and it is chiefly in the records of the Duchy of Lancaster
that the history of Newton can be traced.
In the year 1269 King Henry III. gave the barony of Embleton and
other estates confiscated to the Crown at Simon de Montfort's death, ^ to his
younger son, Edmund, earl of Lancaster, against whom about the year
1276 an action respecting some tenements at Newton-on-the-Moor was
bought bv William de Newton."
' 'Robertus de Hilton tenet Schiplingbehill, Neuton, Haysand, Gynis, et Renigton, per duo feoda de
veteri feoffamenta.' Testa dc Ncvill. Hodgson, Northiimbevland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 209.
2 ' Baronia de Vescy. Willelmus de Vescy tenet in capite de domino rege Auneuic
Schipplingbothill, Neuton-super-Moram, Heysandan, Gynis,' etc. Ti^sta de Nevill {circa 1240). Ibid.
'■' Neither Newton-on-tlie-Moor nor Whittle are mentioned in the extent of the possessions of John
Viscount. Cf. Inq. p.m. 29 Hen. HI. No. 45.
* Duchy of Lancaster Records, class 11, No. i; Great Cowcher, lib. i, fol. 155 b, No. 39. The deed,
which is in Norman-French, is printed in vol. ii. of this work, p. 18 n.
^ Cf. vol. ii. of this work, p. 19.
' Rot. Pat. 4 Edw. 1. m. 26, in dorso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 37.
TOWNSHIP OF NRWTON-ON-THE-MOOR. 4415
Nf.uton supra Moram Sui'.siiiN' Roll, 1296.
i s. A. s. (I
Siimnia Ijniinnini Joliannis filii Agnetis i 9 10 iindc rcyi 2 8i
,, Robciti dc Wy thill ... ... ... i 12 o „ 2 11
„ Roger! servientis ... ... ... 100 „ i 10
„ Ricardi filii Arnaldi o 16 S „ i <'>!
.Siinini.T liiijus villae, ;f4 i8s. 6d. Undo domino regi, 8s. 11. Id.
In an extent of the possessions of Earl Edmnnd, made on Thursday, the
29th of May, 1298, the value of the manor of Ne\vton-on-the-Moor was
returned at ^ lo.'
At Michaelmas, 1314, William, son of Reginald, the bailiff of Embleton,
accounted for i6s. received from 'Robert de Huberton' for the manor of
Newton-super-Moram, and for 6d. received from Walter de Whytehull for
four score acres of land in Newton.' In an inquisition taken at Newcastle
about Martinmas, 133;, it was found that Richard de Emeldon had died
seised of certain tenements in Newton-on-the-Moor which he held of Henry,
earl of Lancaster, by the service of i lb. of pepper or 8d., to be paid at
Easter, and a rent of 2s. 6d., payable on the 14th of September. His
heiresses were his three daughters, Agnes, wife of Adam Graper, aged
27 years; Maud, wife of Richard de Acton, aged 23 years; and Jacoba, then
a child of 9 vears.''
By an agreement made in the king's court at York at Easter, 1335,
Richard de /^.cton of Newcastle and Maud his wife for 100 marks of silver
granted to John de Stanyngton, chaplain, the reversion, after the death of
William de Plumpton and Christina his wife, of a third part of certain lands
at Newton-on-the-Moor, at Whitlawe, and at many other places which were
held by the said Christina as her dower ; and bv another agreement made
at the same time and place, John de Stanyngton granted certain of the lands
mentioned in the first agreement (but Newton is not mentioned) to the said
Richard and Maud, with remainder to Roger de Wyderyngton (brother of
Gerard de Wyderyngton) and Elizabeth his wife, a daughter of Richard
de Acton and Maud his wife.*
Franchise of Embleton Subsidy Roll, 1336.*
Neuton super Moram : Ricardus Adson, 3s. 4d. Summa probatur.
' Inq. p.m. 25 Edw. I. No. 51. Cj. vol ii. of this work, pp. 21, 22.
- Duchy of Lancaster Records; Ministers' Accounts, 7-8 Edw. II. Cf. vol. li. of tliis work, pp. 22-24.
Huberton is possibly an error for Hilton. This and similar entries in the Ministers' Accounts seem to
indicate that Whittle was at that time regarded as being within the manor of Newton-on-the-Moor.
' Inq. p.m. Ric. de Emeldon, 7 Edw. III. first numbers, No. 38.
•* Feet of Fines, Northumberland, case iSi, file 11, Nos. 37 and 38. ^Exchequer Subsiilj, '^^
446 SHII.nOTTI.K PARISH.
In ;iii inquisition taken at Newcastle on the 5th of April, 1347, it was
found that Williaui de Herle had died on the 8th of March previous, seised
of the town of Edreston and a third part of Neuton-super-Moram, which he
held of Henry, earl of Lancaster, by the service of 6d. yearly for all services,
and that their true value was £^ per annum ; Sir Robert de Herle, knt.,
the next heir, was of full age and over.'
In the inquisition taken at Dunstanburgh on the 25th of April, 1361, on
the death of Henry, duke of Lancaster, it was found that he died seised of the
rent of two free tenants in Newton-on-the-Moor, who paid for castle ward at
the two feasts of St. Cuthbert (March 20th and September i4th) the sum of
16s., and 6d. a year.- Of the duke's two daughters, Maud, the elder, had
married William, duke of Zeland, and was living with him beyond seas ;
Blanche, the younger daughter, was 18 years of age, and was wife of John of
Gaunt, earl of Richmond, created duke of Lancaster in 1362.
Bv agreements made in the Court of Common Pleas at Westminster at
Michaelmas, 1361, William de Kellawe and Thomas Catour, chaplain,
granted to Sir John de Stryvelyn, knt., and Jacoba his wife certain lands at
Newton-on-the-Moor, Broxfield, Whitlawe, and many other places, with
remainder first to the descendants of Jacoba, and then with remainders to
John de Middleton and Christina his wife ; to Roger de Wyderyngton and
Elizabeth his wife; to vSir William Heroun, knt., etc.^
Christina, widow of Richard de Emeldon, having remarried Sir William
de I^lumpton, knt., died at Christmas, 1363. She held in dower a messuage
and four and a half husbandlands in Newton-on-the-Moor, formerly worth 5s.
a year each, but then utterly waste and worth nothing, held of John, duke
of Lancaster, as of his liberty at Dunstanburgh, by suit at the court of
Dunstanburgh every third week. The lands devolved upon her grand-
daughters, Maud and Alice (daughters of Agnes Graper), and her daughters,
Maud, wife first of Richard de Acton, and then widow of Sir Alexander de
Hilton, knt., and Jacoba, wife of Sir John de Strivelyn.^
At Michaelmas, 1386, John Chartres for 400 marks of silver quit-claimed
to Gilbert Manfeld, citizen of London, and his heirs, the manor of Ederston,
' Iiuj. p.m. Will, de Harle, 21 Edw. III. first numbers, No. 44. Cf. vol. i. of this work, p. 221.
'" hiq. p.m. Henry, Duke of Lancaster, 35 Edw. 111. first numbers, No. 122.
^ Fed 0/ Fines, Northumberland, case 181, file 13, No. I2r.
■" Iiu]. p.m. Christina u.\. Will, de Plumpton, 38 Edw. III. first numbers, No. 36.
TOWNSHIP OF NEWTON-ON-THE-MOOR. 447
and also 1 1 messuages, 260 acres of land, 20 acres of meadow, 200 acres of
pasture, and 40 acres of wood in Overgares' and Neuton-on-the-Moor. The
agreement, or fine, was made in the Court of Common Pleas at Westminster.^
In 1407, John Heron of Thornton' quit-claimed all the right he had
in Newton-on-the-Moor to John .... and William Swynhow.' In
an inquisition taken in Newcastle in May, 14 14, it was found that John
Orde had died in the previous month seised of Aberwick, Ellingham
water mill, and other places, amongst which were three husbandlands and
two cottages at Newton-on-the-Moor held of the barony of Embleton.'^ In
a judgment given in 1439 respecting the estates of Sir William Heron,
deceased, it is stated that he possessed a moiety of the manor of Newton-
super-Moram with 60 acres of land and four score acres of pasture there." In
1462 there are entries in the Ministers' Accounts of the receipt of the sum of
i6s. from the vill of Newton-super-Moram, payable on the Translation of St.
Cuthbert (14th September) for castle ward to Dunstanburgh, and for 6d.
received from John WhithuU for his lands there.' Similar entries appear on
the rolls for the year ending at Michaelmas, 1485,'' and again in 1497'' and
I5i2,"'with the substitution in these latter years of the name of William
WhithuU for that of John.
In 1 52 1 the vill of Newton paid is. for reke silver," and eleven years
later the court rolls of the manor of Stamford^' record the payment of fines
for their lands in ' Newton-super-gurnam ' by Sir William Heron, knt., 2s.;
Sir Thomas Forster, knt., 3s.; and George Urde, 2s." In the same year"
Ralph Carr, the bailiff of Embleton, accounts for i6s. received from the
' Now Overgrass, in the township of Swarland.
2 Feet of Fines, Northumberland, case i8i, file 13, No. 121.
'' John Heron of Thornton acquired estates in Ellingham and elsewhere from the trustees of Sir John
Arundell. Cf. vol. ii. p. 243.
' The following transcript is in the Lansdou-ne MSS. 326, fol. 44, 17 : 'Johannes Heron de Thornton
quietum clamavit Johanni . . . . et Willelmo Swynhow heredibus et assignatis suis totum jus et
clameum suum in villis et territoriis de Newtown juxta Corbrigge, Quetham juxta Wyndgatas, Newton
super moram, Preston, Elingham, Dicheburne Est, Schyple, Magna Rill, Parva Rill, Nedderton in
Kokdale. Dat. die Februarij anno regni regis Henrici IV. post-conquestum 8.' Rev. John Hodgson's
ColU-etwii, Y, p. 313.
^ Inq. p.m. John Orde, 2 Hen. V. No. 10. He was the founder of the family of Ord of Newbegin.
Cf. Kaine, North Durham, p. 311. « Document No. 70, Ford Tithe Ciise Piipers, pp. 233, 236.
' Duchy of Lancaster Records; Ministers^ Accounts, bundle, 355, No. 5862. ' Ibid. No. 5S81.
'•' Ibid, bundle, 356, No. 5S93. '» Itiid. bundle 357, No. 5907.
" Ibid, bundle 358, No. 5926. '"Ibid. Stamford Court Rolls, bundle 107, No. 1540.
" In I 531 and 1532 the names of Sir William Heron, knight, John Carr, Ral|)h Swynnoe, the heirs of
Thomas Forster, and others appear as free tenants upon the Court Rolls of the manor of Stamford, but
the lands for which they answered are not definitely mentioned.
" Diuhy of Lancaster Records; Ministers' Accounts, bundle 358, No. 5926.
Vol. v. 57
448 SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
vill of Newton-on-the-Moor for castle guard rent, and for 6d. received from
William Whithull for his lands there.
In an inquisition taken at Newcastle on the 6th of September, 1536, on
the death of Sir William Heron, it was found that he died seised of lands at
Newton-on-the-Moor worth 30s. a year, and that his grand-daughter, Elizabeth
Heron, a child of three years of age, was his heiress.' Sir William Heron's
lands at Newton were assigned as part of her dower to Margaret Heron
(mother of the heiress) as widt)w of William Heron : she had remarried John
Heron of Thornton.-'
Elizabeth Heion, the inftint heiress, in 1548 became wife of Thomas
Carr, and died on the 13th of January, 1553, leaving William Carr (born
nth November, 1551)' her son and heir, on whose account in 1562 (being
still in ward to the queen) i6s. 8d. was paid for his lands at ' Newton-
super-gurnam.' *
In a survey of the barony of Alnwick made about the year 1586,
it is stated that at Newton-on-the-Moor Thomas Forster, esq., held six
messuages ; John Ord, gent., two messuages ; Thomas Carr of Ford, four
messuages ; and Thomas Heron, two messuages (lately held by Thomas Ord),
all of which lands had been formerly held by Robert Hilton ; they paid to
the barony of Alnwick i6d. a year for cornage, but for castle rent nothing."
On the 14th of June, 1587, Newton was harried by the Scots, and ten horses
were carried awav into East Teviotdale.''
Amongst the free tenants who owed suit and service to the manor of
Stamford in 1598 and 1603, were the heirs of Thomas Forster of Adderston,
and the heirs of Thomas Heron ; ' and in an undated survey of the barony of
Alnwick, made between 16 16 and 1627, it is stated that the lands at Newton-
on-the-Moor, formerly held bv Robert Hilton, were then held by Sir
Matthew Forster, knight (who possessed six messuages), and John Ord (who
possessed two messuages), and that they paid i6d. a year for cornage.*'
In 1632 there were proceedings in the Court of High Commission at
Durham against Thomas Embleton the elder, of Newton, in the parish of
' Inq. p. 111. Will. Heron, knight, 28 Hen. Mil. Chancery .Series ii. vol. 58, No. 116. Cf. Ford Tithe
Case, p. 239, document No. 73. " Ford Tithe Case, p. 240, document No. 74.
' The History of Carr of Hetton, Ford, etc., Carr, ii. pp. g6, 1 10, etc.
'Duchy of Lancaster Records; Ministers' Accounts, bundle 360, No. 5956. The heir is called Thomas
in the Accounts. * Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ° Cal. Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 263.
' Earl of Tankerville's MSS. ; Stamford Court Rolls. * Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
TOWNSHIP OF NF.WTON-ON-THE-MOOR. 449
Shilbottle. He did not appear personally, and his son Thomas, on the 12th
of .Tannarv, submitted that his father 'was hyndered by the violence of the
weather and the death of one of his sonnes,' and petitioned 'that the niynister
of that parish should absolve him by force of the canon, being m articulo
mortis^ and that a note to that purpose should be sent from this court.' He
did not die at that time, and proceedings dragged on until the 23rd of July,
1639, when he was attached 'with intimacion sub poena 10''.' '
The entry in the Book of Rates of 1663 is imperfect as regards Newton ;
it merely states that Mr. George Lisle and Colonel Forster were proprietors
of lands, and that Mr. Kobert Lisle possessed the tithes. In 1671 Thomas
Forster, esq., and the heirs of John Heron were called to answer for their
lands in Newton-on-the-Moor, and Thomas Swinhoe, gent., for his lands at
Whittle, but all were returned and are entered on the Court Rolls as
'mort.'^
LISLE OF NEWTON-ON-THE-MOOR.
Lancelot Lisle of Newton-on-tlie-Moor, a younger son of = Elizabeth, daughter
Thomas Lisle of Hazon (it) ; 15th Nov., 1617, proved
the will of his brother Robert Lisle (Ji).
of Thomas Carr of
Old Felton («).
Ralph Lisle of Newton- ^ Anne, daughter of George Lisle (a) ; a free- John Lisle («). Margaret («).
on-the-Moor, son and David Crow of holder in 1639 Q') ; was
heir (a). Berwick (a). alive 1643 (c).
I I ^ _ :
Robert Lisle, son I'l^T-iri^- 1 /"' t-ii-m. c- »i. .^' •!
and heir was 3 Lancelot Lisle [? 1050 ad- Ueorge Lisle of Newton-on- == busanna Adston trances; married
years of'aee in ministration of personal the-Moor; will dated 15th of Alnwick; Henry Strother
1616 («") estate of Lancelot Lisle Dec., 1677, 'my lands married 13th of ILiUivvell-
Marearet {a^ °^ Newton-on-the-Moor at Newton to my wife Jan., l6^6lJ house near
^ granted to Joseph llesel- and then to my nephew (/). Alnwick.
rigge (^)]. Lancelot Strother ' ((/). 4/
(rt) Heralds^ Visitation of Northumheyland in 1615. {e) Proliate Registry at Somerset House.
(/() Raine, Test. Dumlm. (/) Felton Register.
(c) Lamhert MS. (.<') Arch. Ael. ii. 4to series, p. 324.
(r/) Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Deeds.
George Lisle died about the end of the year 1677, and by will dated the
15th of December of that year, gave his lands at Newton to his wife for her
life, and then to his ' well-beloved nephew and sister's son, Lancelot
Strother,' with whose descendants the lands so given continued until the
year 181 1, when the greater part was sold by William Strother to Thomas
Cook of Brainshaugh ; the remaining portion, including the house in the
hamlet of Newton, remained with the family until i<SSo, wln'ii it was pur-
chased by Mr. S. F. Widdrington from Mr. William Grieve Strother.
' Acts of High Commission, Longstafife, p. 28. Surtees Soc. No. 34.
"Earl of Tnnkervilk's MSS. ; Stamford Court Rolls.
450
SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
STROTHER OF ALNWICK AND NEWTON-ON-THE-MOOR.
Henky Stkothek of Hallywell, neur Alnwick ; iidministralion =
of personal estate, 20th Aug., 1617 (i). |
Lancelot Strother of = Phillis ; buried
Hall)-well ; will
dated 8th Dec,
1638 (,).
19th Ma)-,
1665 (/,).
Henrj' Strother ;
1617.
Matthew ; living
li\'in2
1617.
Frances, sister of = Henry Strother := Eleanor Forster of
George Lisle of
Newton-on-the-
Moor (/>) ; bur.
17th Sept., 1659
of Hallywell;
will dated 4th
April, 16S9
North Charlton,
widow ; married
i+thjuly, l668(/4;
bond of marriage,
8th July, 1668(2").
Lancelot Strother of
Baileygate, Aln-
wick ; administra-
tion of personal
estate, 15th Dec,
1664 0).
. I !
Katherine ; married Waller Graham ;
living 1617.
Margaret ; married Matthew Kellaw ;
living 1617.
~ I
Thomas Strother of = Margaret,
Newcastle, mer-
chant; was bound
apprentice 20ih
Mar., 1642 (y") ;
will dated 5th
April. 1662 (().
Lancelot Strother of Newton-on-thc-Moor, = Anne
baptised 14th July, 1650 (/') ; in 1680
nephew and devisee of Lancelot Lisle
of Newton-on-the-Moor (/)) ; living
there iSth April, 1683 ; buried 27th
March, 1726 (a).
buried l8th
Dec, 1699
I
Henry Strother of = Jane Garret of
Shilbottle; dead |
before the date
•I
of his
will.
father's
Shilbottle ;
married
2 1 St Jan.,
1678 (//).
daughter
of
John Carr
of
Newcastle,
notary.
Hannah ; buried 3rd
Nov., 1658 (//).
Anne; buried I3lh
Aug., 1666 (/i).
Arthur Strother of Bilton Banks [? buried ..., 1696 (c)] = Anne
[?will dated 26th April, 1743 (()].
Sarah, daughter and ■
co-heiress of Henry
Johnson of Low
Buston ; bond of
marriage, loth
May, 1689 (1).
.Arthur Strother of
Bilton Banks ;
buried 29th
Sept., 1 70S
Ann, daughter
of Henry
Rosedon ;
married
30th July,
1704 (0.
I
Richard Strother of
Alnwick ; buried
loth .April, 1719
(*) (/f) ; will
dated 23rd Dec,
1718 (0.
Henry Strother of Bilton = Frances,daughter of John Carr of Lesbury;
Banks, baptised 29th bond of marriage, 5th Oct., 1714 ; mar-
Nov., 1691 (t) ; buried ried 26th Oct., 1714 (r). She remarried
l8th July, 1718 (c) ; Edward Korster of Higham Dikes, and
will dated 27th June, died at Alnmouth, July, 1767, aged 80.
1718.
I 1
Other
children.
^ Jane Hunter ; mar-
ried 7th Feb.,
1680 (/>) ; party
to deed, 6th Oct.,
172 1 ; died 4th
Aug., 1725, aged
64 (X) (*) ; will
dated 3rd April,
'7-5(0 i proved
1725 ('■)■
John
Strother
of
Morpeth.
n1-
Eleanor, daughter of John Strother of = Arthur Strother of .Alnwick and
Allerburn ; married 1st May, 1709
(//) ; buried 20th Oct., 1714 (,/>').
of Bilton Banks, baptised 1 8th
luly, 1 68 2 ((i) ; died I4lh
Feb., 1720 (//) id}.
Eleanor Todd of Newcastle ; married
22nd Dec, 1716 (/) ; bond of mar-
riage, 20th Dec, 1716.
Frances, baptised 4th Sept., 1720
(6) ; buried 25th May, 172 1.
Margaret, baptised 20th
March, 1718 (^).
I I
HenryStrother of = Jane, daughter of .Arthur
Newton-on-the-
Moor ; men-
tioned in his
grandfather's
will ; buried
l6th July, 1755
((/) ; will dated
30th Nov.,
1751 W O).
Strother of Bilton Banks,
bap. 9th Nov., 171 1 (li) ;
married 15th June, 1738
(/5) ; bond of marriage,
15th June, 1738 (;) ; bur.
26th Oct., 1798, aged 87
(rt) ; will dated 23rd Feb.,
17S4; proved at Durham,
17th April, 1799 {A).
Lancelot; Mary; mar. 15th Sept., 1733 (a),
mentioned Thomas Wardle of Long Fram-
in his lington ; was named in the will
grand- of her brother Henry (//) ; was
father's party to deed of 1st Jan., I766(;*).
will; liv- Frances; in 1751 resided with
ing 1697 her brother Henry at Newton ;
(m). will dated Cth Mar, 1765 (^i) ;
died 25th March, 1765, aged 80
.Anne, bap. loth
March, 1 709
(/') ; married
nth May,
1733 (-5), Ed-
ward Gallon
of Alnwick,
attorney-at-
law.
Frances, only daughter and sole heiress, baptised 31st Jan., 1741/2 («) ; died 7th April, 1770,
aged 28 (</) ; will dated 4th April, 1770 ; proved at Durham, 12th April, 1770 (^) (>).
* ' In 1763 died at Alnwick Mrs. Frances Strother, sister to the late .Mr. Henry Strother of Newton-on-the-Moor ;
being advanced in years and infirm, she by accident fell into the fire and was burnt much, which was the occasion of
her death.' Nicholas Brown, Diary.
TOWNSHIP OF NEWTON-ON-THE-MOOR.
451
William, baptised 6th Sept., 1685
Richard Strother of Aln-
(/■); bill lea 3rd June, 1686 (/<).
wick, apothecary, bap-
RicliaiJ, baptised loth Sept., 16S7
tised 22nd Jan., 1690
(/').
(//); buried nth Sept.,
William, baptised lytb Jan., 1692
172^ (/<) ; will dated
(/>) ; buried 30tli .March, 1694
25th July, 1724 ('■);
W.
proved 1725 (i).
Thomas Strother of = Barbara Woodhouse of the
chapelry of l.owick ;
bond of marriafje, 12th
April, 1737 (/) married
17th April, 1737 (/,);
buried the same day as
her husband (li).
Nicholas Strother of Aln- = Marmret Dawson of
wick, baptised 23rd
Aug., 169S ((i) ; died
I3tli April, 1734 (/;) ;
buried 15th April, 1734
\V.irkwortli parish ;
bond of marriage,
3rd Aug., 1724 CO;
married I2th Aug.,
1724 (o).
Richard Strother of Alnwick, mercliant, baptised
loth Sept., 1725 ((5); will dated nth Dec,
1781 (/) ; buried 23rd Aug., 17S2 (/»).
Thomas, baptised 27th May, 1727 (*).
-Mnwick, mer-
chant, baptised
l6th June, 1696
((i) ; buried 2nd
April, 1768 (/();
will dated 7th
June, 1767 ()■).
Mary, baptised 25th Dec, 1700 (/) [ ? married 22 Sept.,
1736, Edward Kirton of llauxley (0 ]■
Jane, baptised 24th Feb., 16S3 («) ; will dated 28lh Aug.,
1 782 (/).
Ann, baptised l6th Aug., 1688 C-^) ; buried 21st Feb., I7I0(//).
Jane, baptised i6th Nov., 1702 (/^ ; died at Alnwick, 21st,
buried 24th Sept., 1784, aged 82 («).
IMary, baptised 4th May, 1728 (li) ; married Thomas Liddle of
Alnwick.
Jane, baptised 8ih Oct., 1731 (_//) ; married at Morpeth, 5th
Jan., 1756, William Baird, then of Morpeth afterwards of
Alnmouth. 4/
I I I
Thomas, baptised 14th
Sept., 1739 CO-
Richard, baptised loth
April, 1743 ('');
buried 23rd Aug.,
175S (/;).
John, baptised 2nd
Nov., 1744 W;
buried 23rd Dec,
1745 UO-
Thomas Strother of Aln-
wick and of Newton-
on-the-Moor, baptised
1 6th Sept., 1747 {/i) ;
died intestate, iSth
Jan., 181 1 (;>) ; ad-
ministration granted
to son William and
daughter Jane (/)).
Maria Theresa
Mazurier ;
married at
Mobille,
..., 1766;
died at
Newton ;
buried
nth Jan.,
1797 (*).
Arthur, baptised
23rd Oct., 1748
(,/*) ; living
1786.
William, baptised
7th Dec, 1751
(/5) ; living
1786; died in
Newcastle circa
1825.
I I I
Jane, bap. 21st Jan., 1737 (/i) ;
buried 21st Nov., 1779 (*).
Barbara, baptised 25th Sept.,
1754 (/;) ; was residing in
London in 1784, and was
living in 1802 in possession
of an annuity out of New-
ton (;>).
Elizabeth, bap. 5th Nov., 1741
(/^) ; married John Gallon
of Newton-on-the-Moor.
Francis Thomas =
Strother of Aln-
wick, wine mer-
chant, 1 802 (;»),
and of Newton-
on-the-Moor ;
born at Mobille,
Florida, inNorth
America ; died
5th July, 1811 ;
buried at Aln-
wick (;>) ; will
dated 3rd July,
1811 ; proved
same year (/>).
j
Ann Edis of Hunting- Arthur,
don ; married at the second
parish church of St. son ;
Benedict and St. died
Mary, Huntingdon, in Mar-
29th Nov., 1796 tinique,
(-?) ; died 4th Mar., 2nd
185 1, aged 75 (rf) Aug.,
ifi); will dated 1 8th 1797
Dec, 1850 ; proved (/).
at Durham, 1851.
I
William Strother of = Janet
London, wine mer-
chant, afterwards
of Alnmouth ; born
at Mobille ; died
... , 1838, aged 63 ;
buried at Alnwick ;
will dated 8th July,
1829 ; proved at
Durham, nth Dec,
1840 (/O-
Robert-
son of
Lon-
don.
William Strother of Alnmouth ;
died 7th March, 1898, aged
80 ; buried at Alnmouth.
Martha, daughter of William Adams of Acton
and Long Houghton ; married r4th July,
1846 (c) ; died 9th Sept., 1892, aged 72.
William Francis Strother of Manitoba = Betha Bath.
n
I I I I
Elizabeth; married ibth Jan.,
1792, John Dodds of Aln-
wick. 4/
Jane, baptised 2nd July, 1784
((i) ; mar. at Gretna Green,
17th June, 1802 {g'), An-
thony Hedley of F'elton. 4,
Frances, bap. 3rd Jan., 1787
(4); bur.23rdjan.,i788(^).
Maria Theresa ; died 23rd,
buried 25th Nov., 1805,
aged 25 years (i5).
I
Charles Strother
of Newcastle ;
died..., 188...
s.fi.
Janet Barbara.
William Francis de Bath Strother,
born 17th Feb., 1887.
Kathleen Janet, born 26th August, i88g.
Lucy, born 30th Dec, 1S91.
(a) Shilhotlle Register. (c) L/shnvy Register. {e) Nicholas Brown, Diary.
(J)) A Imvick Register. (r/) M.L, Shilbottle. Xf") Newcastle Couraiit, \\\.\\OqX.,1-j()T.
(^) Newcastle Courant, 26th June, 1802. (//) Wills and documents in the possession of the late Mr. Woodman.
(!) Wills, etc., at Durham, quoted from The Strothers of Alnwick, Billon, and Newton, compiled by Anthony
Strother. London : Mitchel & Hughes, iSgi.
(Ji) M.L, Alnwick. (J) Register of St. Nicholas, Newcastle. (/«) Lambert M.S. (0) Wurkworth Register.
(/>) Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Deeds. (y) Books of Tailors' Company, Newcastle.
45-
SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
Francis Thomas Strothcr
of Newlon-on-the-Moor,
born nth July, iSoo ;
baptised 2ist Aug., 1803
(/)) ; sometime of Mor-
wick ; died unmarried
at Newton, 30th Nov.,
1877 (/>). aged 77 (</) ;
administration 20ih
Dec, 1S77, to Francis
Thomas Stephenson, his
nephew (/>).
.•\iuiui ^llulln.•r of = Marj',dau.of
Darlington, sur- ... Grieve of
geon, born 24th Stocicton ;
March, 1804; married 31st
baptised 20th May, 1830.
May, 1806 (_i};
died 27lh June,
1S60 ; buried at
\Vest cemetery,
Darlington (/).
William John = Mary
Strother of Hug;ill.
Stokesley,
CO. York,
surgeon.
Francis Thomas Strother, born ... ;
died 15th Nov., 1859, at New-
ham Grange, near Stockton ;
buried at Norton (/).
Elizabeth F^orster ; married
14th Oct., 1 85 7, at St.
Cuthbert's, Darlington
William Strother ;
died s.p.
William Grieve Strother, only child, baptised at Stockton parish church, ... Nov.,
1858 (_p) ; succeeded to lands at Newton-on-lhe-Moor as heir-at-law of his
great-uncle, Francis Thomas Strother, in 1877.
Maria Theresa, baptised 4ih
Oct., 1798 (//) ; married
20th Aug., 1822, Addison
Thomas Steavenson of
Darlington, solicitor (a).
Anne ; died 29th Sept.,
1801, aged 9 weeks (i4).
Anne (third daughter), born
26lh Oct., 1802 ; baptised
2lst Aug., 1803 (//) ; died
unmarried, 20ih June,
1838 ; buried at Darling-
ton (/).
Frances (fourth daughter),
born nth Dec, 1806;
baptised 30th Dec, 1807
(^) ; died in infancy.
Frances, born and buried
27th May, 1808 (//).
'The lordship, town and township of Newton-on-the-Moor,' with all his
lands there, were sold in 1670 for ;^6oo by Thomas Forster of Adderston to
Edward Cook of Amble,' who, by will dated the 31st of December, 1691,
trave the south side of Newton,'- to his third son Samuel, who, dying in the
following year, gave it to his younger brother, Joseph Cook.
Captain Samuel Edward Cook, R.N.,^ assumed the name of Widdrington
on succeeding to his mother's estate at Hau.xley, and, dying without issue,
gave Newton hall and all his other real estate to his nephew, Mr. Shalcross
Fitzherbert Jacson, who thereupon assumed the name of Widdrington.
• 1670, 2cth June. Feoffment with livery and seisin from Thomas Forster of Adderston, esq., and
others to Edward Cook of Amble, gent. Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Deeds.
1670, 20th June. Indenture of release from John Forster of Cornhill, esq., and Elizabeth, his wife,
to Edward Cook. A release of certain annuities. Ibid.
- This estate is more fully described in a draft will of Edward Cook dated 1685: I give 'to my third
son Samuel Cook, the south side of my lands in Newton-on-the-Moore as it is divided, with the new
buildin"s in the moore built by me and belonging to my lands there, as also my other houses in Newton
towne (to wit) the houses wherein John Buston and Elspeth Hall now dwell, as also that house wherein
Peter Wilkinson doth dwell .... together with the deed and bond for that parte of the common
there which I purchased and paid for to John Grey, esq., whensoever it shall divide and be settled; as also
that other deed and bond for that part of the common which I purchased and paid for likewise to
Edward Widdrington.' Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
» Captain S. E. Widdrington obtained his commission on the loth of June, 1S09, and in 1813 as
lieutenant of the 'Swallow' boarded a French brig of four guns and 65 men. The captured colours were
presented to Chatton church, of which parish his father was then the vicar. In 1S34, Captain Widdrington
published- in two volumes, Sketches in Spain during the years 1829-30-31 and 32, containing Notices 0/ some
Districts very little knou-n, of the .Manners 0/ the People, Government, recent Changes, Commerce, Fine Arts,
and Natural History; and in 1844 he published, also in two volumes, Spain and the Spaniards. Cf.
Journal of Royal Geog. Soc. vol. 26, p. cl.>;.\.\vii.
TOWNSHIP OF NEWTON-ON-THI-:-MOOR.
453
COOK OF NEWTON-ON-THE-MOOR.
Edward Cook of Amble New-hall, on the 20th .Uine, 1670, purchased
lands at the south side of Newton-on-the-Moor from Thomas h'orster of
Adderston, and by will dated 31st Dec, 1691, gave the same to his
third son Samuel Cook (f).
Jane, daughter and co-heiress of John
Patterson of Togston ; articles
before marriage, Nov., 1657 (;).
Samuel Cook of Amble
and Newton-on-the-
Moor, baptised ... ; to
whom his father gave
lands at Newton-on-
ihe-Moor ; died un-
married ; buried 5th
Dec, 1692 (rt) ; will
dated 28th Sept., 1692.
Joseph Cook of Newton-on-the-Moor, eighth son,
baptised 25th Sept., 16S4 (_rf) ; to whom his
brother Samuel gave his lands at Newton-on-
the-Moor ; bond of marriage, 8th May, 1717 ;
married 20th June, 1717 (a) ; purchased Giant-
leys in 1735 and Greens in 1736 («) ; died at
Newton, aged ^^ ; buiied in Warkworth church
30th Jan., 1742/3 (fl) ; will dated 15th Jan.,
1742/3; proved at Durham, 19th April, 1743 {i).
Elizabeth, widow of Wil-
liam Smith of Togston,
and daughter of John
Davison of Warkworth
Barns ; not mentioned
in her husband's will
[? buried i6th Sept.,
I728(«)].
^1 I I
Other issue.
Samuel, baptised
29th May, 1 718
(c) ; died in
infancy.
Samuel, baptised
i6th Sept., 1722;
died in infancy.
Samuel Cook of Newton-on-
the-Moor, only surviving
son, baptised 23rd Sept.,
1725 (<•■) 1 purchased Snook
bank in 1752 (i) ; rebuilt
Newton-hall in 1772 ; died
23rd Dec, 1796, 'after a
lingering illness ' Qg) ; will
dated 15th May, 1795 ;
proved at Durham, 20th
Feb., 1797 (/). His portrait
by Lindoe is at Newton.
= Elizabeth, daughter of George
Barker of VVeteslade, and
in her issue heiress of her
brother John Barker, D.D.,
master of Christ's college,
Cambridge; married ...,
^757 (0 i named in her
husband's will ; buried 27th
May, 1794 (c). Her portrait
by Lindoe is at Nesvton.
Joseph Cook of Newton-on-the-Moor,
baptised 2ist Nov., 1759 (c) ; of
Christ's college, Cambridge, clerk
in orders, vicar of Shilbottle and
Chatton ; died 24th May, 1844, aged
85 ; buried at Shilbottle ; adminis-
tration to personal estate granted
22nd Nov., 1844 {/). His miniature
taken as a young man, and his por-
trait in mature years, are at Newton.
Sarah, daughter and heiress of Samuel Cook,
Edward Brown of Broomhill, by colonel 8th
his wife Frances, daughter of Dragoons,
Robert Widdrington of Hauxley; baptised 2gth
born 27th April, 1768; articles May, 1763 (c);
before marriage, 4th Aug., 1786 died at the
(;) ; married 5th Aug., 178C ; Cape of Good
died at Morpeth, nth Jan., 1840, Hope. His
aged 71 ; buried at Warkworth ; portrait is at
will dated 2nd Nov., 1831 (?). Newton.
MM
Jane, baptised 3rd Oct., 1720(1;').
Jane, baptised nth June, 1723(c);
died at Saville Place, New-
castle, 1 2th July, 1 81 1(0, aged
88 ; buried 17th July, 1811 (O;
will dated 13th Nov., 1809 (/).
Barbara [? died in Alnwick, 1 757].
Elizabeth, baptised 17th Aug.,
1727 (c) ; named in her father's
will [? died at Newton] ; bur-
ied 1 2th Sept., 1747 («) ; died
intestate (;). Her portrait, by
Lindoe, is at Newton.
I
Mary, sole executrix
and residuary lega-
tee of the will of
her aunt Jane Cook,
1809 ; resided in
Newcastle ; will
dated 19th March,
1S39 0); proved
81 h July, 1840 (0-
Samuel Edward Cook of Newton-on-
the-Moor and Hauxley ; by royal
licence assumed the name of Wid-
drington in 1840 in lieu of that of
Cook, F.R.S. and captain R.N.; bap-
tised ... ; obtained royal licence to
wear insignia of the order of the
Tower and Sword of Portugal (/;) ;
purchased the moiety of Hauxley in
1842 ; died nth January, 1856 (c) ;
will proved 3rd March, 1856 (;). His
portrait displaying his Portuguese
orders, and painted by a Spanish
artist, is at Newton.
Dorothy, daughter of
Alexander Davison
of Swarland ; articles
before marriage dated
i6th and 17th Sept.,
1832 (;) ; married at
Holy Trinity, Mary-
le-bone, i8th Sept.,
1832. Her portrait is
at Newton.
I
John Widdring-
ton, born at
Alnwick, 19th
Feb., 1790 ;
baptised nth
Oct., 1790 (/<);
died 1 2th
June, 1800
(0 (0-
Joseph Cook, M.A.and fellow
of Christ's college, Cam-
bridge, clerk in orders, some-
time chaplain at the English
chapel at Rome ; born 19th
May, baptised 27th July,
1 79 1 (/() ; died at Wady
Hebram,near Mount Serbal,
in Arabia, 3rd March, 1825 ;
buried in the burial ground
of the Greek church at the
Wells of Elim (/). His
portrait, by Severn, is at
Newton.
Frances, born at Sheepwash, 3rd Dec, 1788 ; baptised 31st July, 1789 {/>); married 27th
March, iSig, at St. Andrew's, Newcastle, Shalcross Jacson of Newton-bank, Cheshire,
captain 3rd Light Dragoons ; died at Morpeth, 31st Oct., 1876 ; buried at Shilbottle.
For issue, see Widdtington of Hauxley.
Elizabeth ; died at Glas-
gow ; 24th Feb., 1820;
buried at Chatton in
1820.
(a) IVariiiiort/i Register,
(/() Alnwick Register.
(c) Shilhottle Register.
((/) Extracts from a VV.arkworth register (no longer extant)
obtained by the Rev. Jos. Cook in 1797.
(«) Abstract of title. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
\f) Newcastle Courant, Sth July, 1825.
(,«-) IhiJ. 7th Jan., 1797.
(/;) London Gazette, .April, 1825.
(/) Mr. S. F. Widdrington 's Deeds.
454 SHILBOTTI.E PARISH.
Newton hall, protected from the north and west by tiirivino plantations
of forest trees, occupies a fine position in the highest part of the township ; it
was built hv Mr. Samuel Cook in 1772. Besides a mimher of family portraits,
the house contains a collection of Spanish masters, including works by
Murillo, Ribera, and Zurbaran. There is a portrait, by an unknown artist, of
Anthony Fitzherbert, Lord St. Helens, painted in Brussels; two heads in one
canvas of Lady Hamilton, painted by Romney; a portrait of Mrs. Jordan, and
a study by Sir Thomas Lawrence. There are also several relics of Nelson.
Besides the estate given in 1691 by Edward Cook to his son Samuel, he
had acquired other lands, which under the following description he gave to
his son Benjamin : ' To my son Benjamin, the north side of Newton-on-the-
Moor aforesaid, with the North moor there and the houses in the town of
Newton, which now are or late were in the several tenures and occupation
of John Lisle, Robert Smith, Thomas Scott, and Isabell Jamyson, and all
such tythes as shall come, grow, and yearly arise upon and out of mv said
lands on the north side of Nevvton-on-the-Moor.'
Benjamin Cook, dying without issue, gave his lands in Newton to his
nephew Robert, second son of William Cook of Brainshaugh, whose grandson,
Mr. Edward Johnson, of the Deanery, Chester-le-Street, by will dated the
25th of March, 1884, gave all his real estate to Mr. Francis Dixon Johnson of
Aykley-heads, near L)urham.' Low Newton, which occupies a sheltered situa-
tion in the nook formed at the junction of the Newton and Hampeth burns,
comprises about 150 acres," and now belongs to Mr. C. F. Di.xon Johnson of
Avklev-heads, grandson of the above-mentioned Mr. Francis Dixon Johnson.
The lands, purchased in 181 1 by Thomas Cook of Brainshaugh for
;^9,ooo, were, in 181 7, acquired by his mother, Mrs. Baverstock, from the
trustees to whom Mr. Cook had conveved them in trust for his creditors,
and were subsequently sold to Mr. Thomas Jamieson of Newcastle, draper,
who built the house called Newton villa (after which the farm is now
named). It was sold in 1890 by his grand-nephew, Mr. H. J. Young
Jamieson, to Mr. J. C. J. Fenwick of Long Framlington, who immediately
afterwards resold it to Mr. S. F. Widdrington.^
' Mr. Francis Dixon Johnson died on the 19th of November, 1893, aged 89, and is buried at Durham
cathedral. His will is dated ist March, 1S86, and was proved at Durham, i6th December, 1893.
' To be let the mansion house of Low Newton, with the farm of 143 acres of good arable, meadow,
and pasture ground now in the occupation of Marmaduke Grey, esq. Apply to F. Johnson, esq., Charlotte
Square, Newcastle. NcKrastU Cuurant, 3rd October, 1801. It was let to, and in 1803 occupied by, Mr.
(aftervvards Sir) George W. Leeds of Croxton park, Cambridge, bart.
' The estate, which comprised 276 acres, was sold for ^5,600. NewcaslU Joiinuil, 2Sth July, 1S90.
TOWNSHIP OF NEWTON-ON-THK-MOOR. 455
COOK AND JOHNSON OF LOW NEWTON.
Barbara, daughter of = Robert Cook of Low New-
... James ; married ton, second son of WiUiam
I2tli July, 1744(17) ; Cook of Brainshaugh; bap-
biiried 27ih June, tised 27th July, 1704 (r) ;
1753 («)■ buried 3rd Dec, 1774 (a).
Dorothy, daughter of William I.awson of Longhirst ;
married at Bothal, 30th May, 1760; 'an agreeable
young lady of good sense, ability, and every other
valuable accomplishment necessary to happiness in the
marriage state' (rf) ; will dated 13th Oct., 1S02 (<-).
I I
Margaret Cook, only child of Anne Cook, daughter and heiress; = Francis Johnson of Newcastle, alderman, and wine
marriage ; married 4th Feb., baptised 13th Dec, 1763 (c) ; merchant, son of Francis Johnson of F.therley
1773 (f), Robert Forster of married fith June, 17S2 ; named Grange and of Durham, M.D. ; born gth June,
Brunton ; died s.p. See in her mother's will ; living Oct., 1748; mayor of Newcastle in 1786 and 1795 ;
vol. ii. p. no. 1829. ! died 7th June, 1810, aged 62 (/).
Francis Johnson of := Ele.anor, dau. of Edward Johnson of Newcastle, wine ^ Jane, daughter of George
Low Newton, born Charles Bacon of merchant, and of Chester deanery; Atkinson of Morland,
at Newcastle, 5th Styford ; mar. 6th born 22nd March, 1798; had jf200 Westmorland; married
Jan., 1784; died June, 1820; died under his grandmother's will; sheriff at Warden, 29th Oct.,
15th Nov., 1880 15th Dec, 1879, of NewcasUe, 1822 ; died 8th Jan., 1828.
(/(■). .!./■. aoed 88 vears (-«). t88i;, j./t..- will datfd 2;th March, 18S4.
I
I I I I I „ „ I I I
Robert, to whom 'j Margaret; dead before Oct., 1829. Dorothy, born 12th Feb., 17S7 (/) ;
his grandmother/ Dead Anne; buried 27th June, 1789 (/). took a legacy of /iiOOO under her
left ;^8co. ^before Oct., Elizabeth; buried 14th Aug., 1793 (/). grandmother's will ; living 1S29.
Hiiet. 1829. Mary Ann. 1 T^ j 1 r r\ . o Maria; took /'800 under her grand-
1 , T, , 1 ' . •" V Dead before Oc ., 1S29, ,' , .-,, ,. . ,o,„
John lluet. } Anna. j ' ' mother s will ; living 1829.
Sarah ; living 1829.
(«) Warkworth Register. (d) Newcastle Courant, 5th June, 1760.
(Ji) Shiibiittlc .M.L (i) Abstract of title, etc., in the Rev. John Hodgson's Co//«//oH.
(c) Shil') III' Register. (/) St. Nicko/as' Register, Newcastle.
The abbot and convent of Alnwick, in addition to the great tithes of the
township, parcel of the rectory of Shilbottle, also possessed a tenement at
Newton, which, in 1609, being of the yearly value of 2s., was granted to
George Salter and John Williams.^ The corn tithes in 1600 were conveyed
by John Widdrington of Plessy, son and heir of Robert Widdrington of that
place, to Henry and George Dent, sons of Robert Dent of Newcastle. In
1 62 1 George Dent acquired his brother's moiety, which, with his own, he in
1630 conveyed to Abraham Chamberlain of London, who in 1657 conveyed
the entirety to George Lisle of Newton and Susanna his wife. Fifteen years
afterwards Lisle and his wife sold for £^0 to Edward Cook all the corn tithes
arising from his (Edward Cook's) six farms in Newton-on-the-Moor.^
When Felton common was divided in 1754, 103 acres were awarded to
the freeholders of Newton-on-the-Moor in compensation of their rights of
inter-common.''
' Pat. Roll, 1823, 7 Jas. L pt. 35, m. 26. ^ Mr. S. F. Widdrington's Decda.
'26 Geo. n. 'An Act for dividing and inclosing the common called p'clton Common,' etc. The
commissioners were: Alexander lirown of Doxford, esq., Percival Horsley of Cheeseburn Crange, gent.,
Samuel Marriot of Morpeth, gent., Gilbert Park of Warton, gent., Francis Forster of Feiton, gent., and
Matthew .Sibbit of Shoreswood, gent., who by their award dated i6th May, 1754, gave to Samuel Cook,
esq., for his lands at Newton and the Greens, 73 a. I r. 26 p., and to Henry Strother, 19 a. o r. 28 p., Mr.
Robert Cook, g a. 2 r. 14 p., and John Cay, 3 r. 36 p., for their lands in Newton-on-the-Moor.
Vol. v. 58
456 SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
TOWNSHIP OF WHITTLE.
Warburton, writing about the year 17 15, describes 'Whitlev' as 'a
mean village on an ascent ; bv ye ruinous walls which are about, it should
have been of account.'' The township, which comprises 549 acres, lies to
the south-west of the village of Shilbottle, and abuts upon the Hampeth
burn, an affluent of the river Coquet. It contains valuable seams of coal and
lime, the latter having been at one time extensively worked for local use.
The population, which in the early years of the century was loi, in 1891
was only 9."
The similarity of the name of this place with that of other hamlets and
places in the countv, makes it difficult to outline its earlv history with anv
degree of certainty.
A member of the lordship of Shilbottle, Whittle in the thirteenth and
fourteenth centuries was held bv a family deriving its name from the place. '^
In the year 1256, Walter de Wytehull was accepted as security in an action
brought by Robert Stel against Alan Trenchard at the Northumberland
assizes.* In an extent of the lands of Robert de Hilton, made at Shilbottle
on the Saturday after the loth of August, 1267, it was found that Gilbert
de Vythill held the vill of Vythill as a free tenant and paid a rent of 2s.'
About the year 1280 Gilbert de Withill purchased from Roger de Musgrave,
son and heir of Ralph de Musgrave, deceased, 34 acres of land in the vill of
Dunstan, for which he paid a competent sum of money, and was to render
yearly to the chief lord of the fee at Alnwick fair a pound of cummin."
About the year 1290, Walter de Quyttill conveyed a house in Narrowgate,
Alnu'ick, to Thomas de Charleton, fuller ;' as Walter de Whithille, he was
a witness to the charter bv which William de Buston granted a rent-charge
in Warkworth to the prior and convent of Brinkburn,'* and he was the only
person assessed for Whittle in 1296.
' Warburton MS. Duke of NorthumberUiiid's MSS.
■ The Census Returns are : 1801, 64 ; t8ii, ioi ; 1821, 64 ; 1831, 53 ; 1S41, 56 ; 1S51, 40 : 1861, 40;
1871, 28 ; 1881, 19; i8gi, 9.
' It is not impossible that what is now the township of Whittle was originally a part of the lordship
or manor of Xewton-on-the-Moor. Lands in the latter place were held by tlie family of Whittle.
' Northumberland Assize Rolls, 40 Hen. III. Page, p. 33. Surtees Soc. No. 88.
■' Inq. p.m. Rob. de Hilton, 51 Hen. III. No. 43.
" Duchy of Lancaster Records ; Great CoJi'cher, liber i. fol. 148 b. No. 1 1.
' Durham Treasury. The deed is printed by Tate, Alnwick, i. app. ii. Cf. p. 93.
' Brinkburn Chartulary, Page, p. 139. Surtees Soc. No. 90.
TOWNSHIP OF WHITTLE. 457
QuiTHii.i, Subsidy Roll, 1296.
Siimina bonoruiu \\';iltcri de Quilhill, £j 4s. 4cl. ; undc rcgi, 2S. 2ld. Siimma patet.
Gilbert de Whitley was an attesting witness to a deed made at Tyne-
niouth on the 26th of March, 131 5, concernini; lands at Cowpen and Bebside,'
and about the same period Walter de Witthill, son and heir of Gilbert de
Witthill, for the souls of his father and mother, his own, and his wife's, gave
to the Carmelite friars at Huln a rent-charge of 6s. 8d. a year out of his lands
at Howick.^ This grant was conhrmed by an inspexiinus on the 14th of
October, i335.'^
Walter de Whittle, living 1256.
I
Gilbert de Whittle, living loth August, 1267 = Alice
I
Waller Je Whittle held Whittle in 1296, and was living 26th March, 1315 ^ Alice
A benefactor of Hulne priory.
For the next two hundred years nothing is known of the place, except
that in i486 twelve waggon loads of underwood were obtained from Whitell
wood for ' watlynges ' for the great granary at Warkworth castle ;* and two
years later William Swynhowe, as a free tenant of the manor of Shilbottle,
paid a free rent of 2s. for his lands at Whyhyll.''
The story of the Scottish raid into Northumberland in 1531," and the
barbarous doings at Whittle of Mark Ker with his thirty light horsemen has
already been told.' The place had before or about that time been acquired
by that branch of the family of Swinhoe which was settled at Mousen about
the year 1427, but very little can be added to what has been said of this family
in a former volume of the History.- In 1569 Henry Swinhoe appears as
paying a free rent of id. for a wayleave from Whittle" to Edlingham.^"
Sixteen years later the value of Whittle was ;^io i6s. 8d. per annum. It
' Nemininstey Cltartulaiy, Fowler, p. 2gL Surtees Soc. No. 66. It is, however, possible that this
Gilbert may have belonged to Whitley in Tynemouthshire.
" ' Omnibtis, etc. Walterus de Witthill filitis et haeres Gilberti de Witthill salutem. Noveritis me pro
salute aniinae meae et Aliciae uxoris meae necnon Gilberti patris mei et Aliciae matris meae et omnium
parentum praedecessorum et successorum meorum et omnium fidelium defunctorum concessisse dedisse
et hac praesenti carta mea confirmasse Deo et fratribus ordinis Beatae Mariae de Monte Carmeli apud
Holn,' etc. Registrum Cartarum Conventus de Holme.' Hartshorne, Ix.xxiii.
^ Cat. Pat. Rolls, Edw. III. p. 177. Cf. Hartshorne, app. p. Ix.x.xvii., and vol. ii. of this work, p. 344.
' Bailiffs' Accounts, 2 Hen. Vll. Dult:- uf Nortlitiinbertand's MSS.
^ Cartington's Rental. Duke of Noytlniiiibcrta}ul's MSS.
' Ralph Swinhoe did service at the Stamford manor courts in 1531 and 1532, but the designation of
his holding is not inserted against his name. Stamford Court Rolls. ' See above p. 54.
" See vol. i. p. 212. " No separate return for Whittle remains upon the Muster Roll of 1538.
" 'Tenentes de Whithall pro communia in campis de Shilbottell reddunt unde per annum, ijs.' Hall
and Humberston, Misc. Books of Excheq. Q.R., vol. 27, fo. 14S, etc. This rent was still accounted for in
the Alnwick Court Rolls for 1709. Tate, Alnwick, i. p. 334.
458 SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
was then held by Thomas Swinhoe, successor of Henry Swinhoe, by kni<»ht's
service, homage, and suit of court, the payment of a free rent of 2s., and of 6d.
for castle ward and cornage.' He was succeeded by \Villiani Swinhoe."
1641/2, Ijtl) JaniKiiy. Will of 'riioiiias Swinhoe of Mulphcn, gent. 1 give all my esUUe, including
my capital messuage or tenement called Mulphen, in the parish of Hamburgh, to my son Thomas
.Swinhoe, remainder to my son William Swinhoe, remainder to my son Gilbert Swinhoe. My wife,
Margaret Swinhoe, to have ^60 per annum during the minority of my heir. I give my personal estate
and charge the profits of my lands and colliery of Whitehall to pay for their filial portions, ^100 apiece
to my five younger children, William, Gilbert, Ann, Margaret, and Mary. My wife to be executrix, and to
have the upbringing of Thomas Swinhoe, my son and heir. Thomas Hradforth of Fleatham, esq., Gilbert
Swinhoe of Chatton, esq., Christopher Strangeways of Cheswick, and George Clavering of Howsdene,
gents., my worthy kind friends and kinsmen, to be supervisors. Proved 1642.'
Thomas Svvinhoe' of Mousen, gent., was one of the gentlemen volunteers
present at the muster on Bockenfield Moor on the 29th of January, 1 660/1.'
In 1663 he was assessed at £.\o for lands and a colliery at Whittle,'' and at a
knights' court held at Alnwick in the following year he answered for the
same." About 1685 Thomas Swinhoe and Gilbert Swinhoe'' sold Whittle to
Timothy Davison and Matthew Jefferson of Newcastle, who purchased in
trust for the mayor and burgesses of Newcastle to the use of the master and
brethren of the newly-founded Holy Jesus hospital.''
' Survey of 1585. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. - Ibid, marginal note. 'Durham Pnibatc Rci;istry.
* Thomas Swinhoe was called to answer for his lands at Whittle at a court of the manor of Stamford,
held on the I7lh October, 1671, but against his name wort is written upon the call roll. Slamjoni Court
Rolls. ' Book of Rates. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 263.
" Proc. Newcastle Soc. of Antiq. v. p. 162. ' Abmick Court Rolls. Tate, Alnwick, i. p. 349.
•" Very little more is known of the Swinhoes of .Mousen and Whittle, but Thomas Swinhoe of Mousen,
gent., was one ofthe gentlemen volunteers present at the muster on Bockenfield Moor, 29th January, 1660/1.
Proc. Neivcastte Soc. of Antiq. v. p. 162. Amongst the depositions at York castle relating to offences
committed in the northern counties are records of a duel fought at Chillingham on the 23rd of February,
1672, in which James Swinhoe of Chatton was killed by Andrew Carr. The murdered man's brother,
Gilbert Swinhoe, is believed to have been the author of T-vf Tragedy of the Unhappy Fair Irene. By
Gilbert Swinhoe, esq. London : Printed by J. Streates for W. Place, at Gray's Inn Gate, next Holborn,
MDCLVIII.' It contains a prefatory verse dedicated to the author by his brother, James. Depositions from
York Castle, Raine, p. 187. Surtees Soc. No. 40.
1663, 4th August. Gilbert Swinhoe, esq., and Katherinc Whitehead, spinster, married. Longboughton
Register.
1676, 15th May. John Harrison, M.A., vicar of Felton, and Margaret Swinhoe of Whithall, married.
Felton Register.
"By deed enrolled in Chancery dated the 24th of September, 16S5, Davison and Jeffreyson, in
consideration of / 1,300 paid by the mayor and burgesses of Newcastle, conveyed to Nicholas Dent,
master, and the brethren and sisters of Jesus hospital, all that messuage, tenement, and farm-hold, with
the appurtenances and all other the messuages, lands, tenements, and hereditaments of them the said
Davison and Jeffreyson in Whitell (the collieries and coal mines there, with liberty of working excepted).
Copy of the Newcastle Corporation's abortive Bill of 1717 in the possession of Mr. F. W. Dendy.
Cf. Brand, Newcastle, i. p. 353.
1693, 20th April. A lease from the master and brethren of the Holy Jesus hospital, to George
Lawson of Gloster-hill, of Whittle, late in the possession of Thomas Swinhoe, to hold for the term of
eleven years at the rent of ^50 per annum.
1714, 5th April. Lease from the master and brethren of Holy Jesus hospital, to Nevill Ridley, esq.,
of London, of Whittle, late in the occupation of George Lawson, to hold for the term of eleven years at
the rent of .^70. Leases in the custody ofthe town clerk of Newcastle.
TOWNSHIP OF WHirri.E.
459
Thirty years later the mayor and burgesses decided to sell Whittle, and
to apply the consideration in part payment of an estate at Walker-on-Tyne
which they desired to acquire. On the 29th of March, 17:5, Whittle was
sold for ;^2,200 to John Clutterbuck the younger, of Newcastle, but in
consequence of proceedings at law between the Crown and the mayor
and burgesses respecting the irregularity of the purchase of Walker, the
conveyance was not executed until the i8th of December, 1720.' The
township is now comprised in one farm, and belongs to Mr. Thomas
Clutterbuck of Warkworth.
CLUTTERBUCK OF WARKWORTH AND WHTrTLE.
Arms : Azin-t', a lion rampant ar^eut^ m chief three escallop shells of the second. Clutterbuck, Her t/orihhii e^ iii. p. 300.
John Clutterisuck of Newcastle, second = Barbara, sister of Ral])li Reeil of North
son of Richard Clutterbuck of Eastington
in Gloucestershire ; died at Denton Chare,
Newcastle, 3rd, bur. 6th July, 1717 (/<).
Shields and widow of ... Tonge (^) ;
married at All Saints', Newcastle, loth
Oct., 1675; bur. 2ist Sept., 1695 (//).
I
riciUa
daughter of =
= John Clutterbuck =
= Anne,
Row
and Place of
of Warkworth
sister
Dins
dale; married
and Whittle ;
of
2gth
May, 1705
died 20th Feb.,
Robert
en;
articles be-
1720:1, aged 42
Collier,
fore
marnage,
(r/) («); will
CO.
1 5th
May, 1705
dated igth
Wexford,
(c);
buried l6th
June, 1719W;
Ireland
Aug.
1706 (/).
])roved 172 1
(.).
Hannah, only child of
the first marriage ;
married at St.
John's, Newcastle, 31st Jan., 1727/.S, William Wharton ;
died at her son's house, The Cottage, near Wooler, 1st Feb.,
1775, aged 69 (f).
I
Anne, only chdd of the
second marriage ; mar-
ried John Simpson of
Bradley, co. Durham,
and died 4th Aug., 1783.
Elizabeth, daughter of ...
Bayles of Newcastle, and
widow of William Ion,
vicar of Warkworth ;
articles before marriage,
26th April, 1718 (c) ; mar-
ried 2gth April, 1718 (a);
died 15th, buried 1 8th
Dec, 1743 («) (c) ; will
dated 1st Nov., 1 743 (').
I
Richard Clutterbuck of Warkworth and Whittle, son and
heir, baptised 2.Sth June, 1719 (a) ; deputy-lieutenant of
Northumberland, 2nd Sept., 1772 (ir) ; buried 27th May,
1786 («) ; will dated 19th Dec, 1774 (c).
I I I I
Richard ; apprenticed 25th
June, 1795, to Robert Fen-
wick of Newcastle, booth-
man (;) ; died gth Nov.,
1702 (/-).
James; bur. 3rd April, 1692 (li).
Hannah ; buried 1 6th July,
1683 (^).
Catherine ; buried 23rd July,
1683 (-5).
Margaret, daughter of George Ord of Longridge, North
Durham ; articles before marriage, 29th Sept., 1743 (c) ;
married igth July, 1743 (^) ; died at Warkworth, aged 90,
4th Feb., 1814 (/).
John Clutterbuck of Warkworth
and Whittle, born 25th Sept.,
1744 (f) ; baptised gth Nov.,
1744 («) ; admitted to
Trinity college, Cambridge,
22nd June, " 1762 ; M.A.,
1769 ; fellow of Trinity col-
lege, Cambridge, Oct., 1768
(e); cUed 19th Nov., 1832
(0-
Anne, daughter of George, Elizabeth, baptised 12th Dec, 1745 (n) ; married
Patrick Lyon of baptised 27th Feb., 1770 («), Thomas Bates, D.D., rec-
East Retford; 19th Nov., tor of Whalton (a) ; buried 6th Feb., 1806(a).
married at East 1746 (a); Anne, baptised 29th Dec, 1748 (a) ; died isth,
Retford, 17th died 4th buried 17th March, 1750/1 (a) (<f).
Feb., 1774 (<•) ; .May, 1747 Margaret, baptised 2nd June, 1756 (a); married
died 19th Mar., (e); buried 20th April, 1S05, John Watson of Warkworth
1810, aged 61 6th May, (a), a captain in the 65th Regiment,
(f) (a). 1747 (a'). Mary, baptised 29th March, 175S (a); buried
i6th Jan., 1808, aged 50 (a).
' The particulars respecting the puri:haseancl sale of Whittle by the mayor and burgesses of Newcastle
are taken from the Holy Jesus Hospital Act, S and 9 Victoria.
460
SHII, BOTTLE PARISH.
Richard CUittcrhuck, a ma-
jor in ihf Nurlluinilicr-
land Miiilia ; bi>rii 22111J
March, baptised lOlh
May, 17S3, al Si. An-
drew's, Newcastle ; killed
by a fall from his liorsc
at Alndike, 1 2th May,
1 819, aged 36 (rt) (<■).
John Clutterbuck of Wark-
wiirlh and Whittle, born
jth Sept., baptised 26th
Oct., 1784, at St. An-
drew's, Newcastle ; of
65th Regiment, ensign
1800, lieutenant 1801,
captain 1810, major 1823
(/); died iSihSepi., 1S57;
will dated 5th Feb.,
1855 ; proved 1857 (c).
Mary .\nne, daughter
of the Hon. Thomas
Lyon of Helton, co.
Durham ; articles
before marriage,
25th Oct., 1821 (c) ;
married at St. .An-
drew Auckland, 31st
Oct., 1 82 1 (^) ; died
nth Dec, 1 867, aged
72 (rf).
George Clutterbuck, born 26th
April, baptised 5th June, 1787,
at St. .Xndrew's, Newcastle (<•);
of 1st Foot Guards ; ensign,
3lst Dec, 1803 ; captain, I4lh
May, 1808 ; brigade major to
brigadier general \Vhealley al
Cadiz, 17th Aug., 1810 (f);
foughl al Harossa ; died al
Warkworlh, 19th March,
1 81 3 («).
Anne, born loth May, baptised at St. John's, Newcastle,
29lh June, 1775 (c) ; died 2Slh Jan., 1869 (r/).
Margaret, born 15th .March, baptised loth May, 1780, at
St. Andrew's, Newcastle (<■) ; died 6th .Xpril, 1S55 (rf).
John Lyon Clutterbuck, a captain in the 37lh
Regiment ; born at Warkworlh, 13th Feb.,
baptised 31st .March, 1S24 (^) ; died unmarried
at Barnickpore, in India, I4ih June, 1S57.
Thomas Clutterbuck of Warkworlh and Whittle,
bom at ILm.vley Cott.age, nth Dec, 1826(^)1
baptised 24th Feb., 1827 (^).
Charles Henry Clutterbuck, lieutenant R.N. ;
born at Hauxley Cottage, loth June, baptised
23rd Aug., 1832 («■) ; killed before the Peiho
Forts, in China, 25lh June, 1859.
I I
hliza Maria, born 20lh June (<), baptised l6th Sept.,
1789 (a) ; married 25th July, 1S22, Thomas C.
\Vinscom, clerk in orders, vicar of Warkworlh.
Susanne, born 3rd May (^), baptised and Dec, 1793
(a) ; married 25lh Oct., 1814, Francis Forster of
Low Buslon (a) ; died 7th Feb., 1S70 (d).
ALir}', born at Binchesler, 25th Aug., baptised 2lst Sept., 1822
(c) ; married isl Sept., 1S63, George Marsh Gurley, clerk in
orders, vicar of Blanchland ; died nth May, 1871 (a').
Frances Anne, born al Longford, 3 1 si July, baptised I4lh Sept.,
1825 (<) ; married ... Aug., 1845, Robert Fellowes of Sholesham,
Norfolk.
Susan Harriet, born al Hau.xley Cottage, 27th Aug., 1S28 (<•) ;
baptised al Boldon, 24lh Sept., 1828 («) ; married I2lh July,
1861, Waller John Browne of Warkworlh, a general in the army.
Charlotte Eliza, born al Hau.vley Cottage, 8th June, baptised 21st
Sept., 1830 (_e); married 7lh Dec, 1854, John Mount Barlow,
clerk in orders, rector of Ewhurst, Surrey.
Jane, born at Warkworlh, 2nd April, baptised 4lh April, 1837, and
died the same day (^).
(a) WariworiA Regisler.
(Ji') JiigisUr and ALL, St. John's, Newcastle.
C/. Brand. NewcaitU, i. 114.'
if) Mr. Thos. Clulterbuck's Deeds.
(</').^LI., Warkworlh.
(■f) Mr. Thos. Clulterbuck's Family Papers and Family Bihlf.
(/) Dinsdale Register.
(^) Durham Probate Registry.
(Ji) Abstract of Title, Bell Collection.
(/) Newcastle .Merchant Adventurers, Dendy, ii. p. 327.
Evidences to Clutterbuck Pedigree.
1704, 2nd August. Articles before marriage between W'illiam Ion of Warkworlh, clerk, and Elizabeth Bayles of
Newcastle, spinster. John Horsley of Pegswood and Ralph Fenwick of Warkworlh, trustees. Mr. Thos. Clulterbuck's
Deeds.
1719, I9lh June. Will of John Clutterbuck of Newcastle, gent. The ^2,000 secured to the issue of my
marriage with my first wife, Pricilla Place, to be paid to ray daughter, Hannah (the only issue of my said first marriage),
out of my lands at Craister ; to my daughter, Ann, my lands at Kibblesworlh in the county of Durham, and ;^500 ;
to the poor of the parish of St. John's, Newcastle, £zo ; to the poor of Warkworlh parish, ;^5- Edward Harle of
Newcastle, merchant, Ralph Robinson of Herrington, county Durham, my brother Robert Colier of the county of
We.xford, Ireland, and George Grey of Newcastle, esq., to be tutors and guardian of my children. The settlement
made on the marriage of my now dear wile. Residue to my son, Richard Clutterbuck, who is made executor. Proved
1 72 1. Durham Probate Registry.
TOWNSHIPS OF HAZON AND HARTLAW. 46 1
TOWNSHIPS OF HAZON AND HARTLAW.
The district comprised in the combined townships of Hazon ami
Hartlaw is of an irregular form, with a greatest length of over two miles
and a quarter and a breadth of two miles; it has an area of 1,445 acres,
and slopes northward from the valley of the Coquet to an elevation of
435 feet above sea-level at Hartlaw. Its south-west and south sides are well
watered by the Mere, the Newton, the Hazon, the Westwood, and the
Quarry burns. At the census of 1891 there was a population of 163.^
An urn of the ' food vessel ' type of the Bronze period was found in
a field'"' near Hazon in the month of March, 1833; '^ is
5^ inches in height, 6 inches in width at the top, and
2^ inches at the bottom ; five unperforated ears have been
attached to the shoulders, but three of them are now
broken off"; all the markings have been made by a twisted
thong. It is said to have had, when found, a lid or cover.'
Hazon was one of the manors held with the lordship of Shilbottle of the
barony of Alnwick by the Tisons, and from them by a family who took their
name from the place. On the 8th of September, 1202, there was an
agreement made between Hugh of Heisende and German Tison concerning
100 acres of wood in Heisende.''
About 1240 Haysand was held with Shilbottle of William de Vesci by
Robert de Hilton.'* Before the vear 1275 Dominus Hugh Haysand, together
1 The Census Returns are: iSoi, 132; 1811, 116; 1S21, 99; 1831, 92; 1841, 85; 1S51, 118; 1861,
217; 1871,243; 1881,281; 1891,163.
'■'Amongst the field-names on the Hazon estate are : High-camp, Low-camp, Nell's-walls, Proctor's-
folly, Toft-hill, Caver-lands, Arricks, Okers, Throar, Pinder-know.
' Sir David Smith's Collection. The urn is preserved in the Alnwick castle museum, case C, No. 6.
' Final concord made in the king's court at Newcastle on the Tuesday after 8th September, 1202 :
' Inter Hugonem de Heisende petentem et Germanum Tysun tenentem de c acris bosci cum pertinenciis
in Heisende unde assisa de morte antecessoris summonita fuit inter eos in praedicta curia scilicet quod
praedictus Gcrmanus recognovit praedicto Hugoni medietatcm bosci de Heisende infra forestam esse jus
suum et heredilatem. Et in toto bosco coniniunicabit pasturam. Et moniales de Gisnes habebunt
averia sua in praedicta pastura ita tamen quod pastura ilia non superhoneretur per earum avena. Et si
aliena averia fuerint in pastura ilia communicabunt omnes exitus provenientes de praedictis averiis.
Recognovit eciam praedictus Germanus praedicto Hugoni medietatem bosci de Morileis et nicdietatem
bosci de Normanlee esse jus et hcreditatem praedicti Hugonis ita quod communicabit lolam pasturam
utriusque bosci et neuter eorum aliquid capiet in praedicto bosco de Normanlee nisi per commune
conslium utrorumque. Praeterea praedictus Germanus concessit praedicto Hugoni communem pasturam
inter duas Mosileches sicut Mosileches quae est propinquior aquiloni descendit usque ad divisas de
Stratton. Habendas et tenendas sibi et heredibus suis de praedicto Germano et heredibus suis inpcrpetuum
per servicium arurae v carrucarum semel in anno et operis unius hominis in autumpno de quolibet domo
tenente hominum praedicti Hugonis et heredum suorum in Heisende annuatim pro omni servicio. Et pro
hac recognicinne fine et concnrdia Hugo dedit praedicto Germano i marcam argenti.' Feet 0/ Fines, John,
Northumberland, case 180, file 2, No. 8. ^ Testa de Nevill. Hodgson, Northumbcrlumi, pt. iii. vol. 1. p. 209.
46^ SHIl.HOTTLE TAKISll.
with William Heron, then shorilV of Northumbcrlaiul, and many others, was
witness to a grant of confirmation made to the prior and convent of Brink-
hum hv Roger Bertram III.;' and in 1277 Hugh de Hessand, Walter de
Pcave, Ciilbert de Witoni, and others defended an action brought against
them bv Robert de Hilton.- Nineteen years later Hugh de Heysande
was party to an action brought against Robert de Hilton for common of
pasture in Shiplingbotel.'
Havsand Sup.siuv Roil,,
1296.
Suniiiia
bonoium
Hugonis de Haysan
C
6
s.
5
A.
4
Ull
de icgi
s. d.
M 4j
Willelmi praepositi
Rogeri filii Willelmi
Eliae filii Willelmi
I
I
8
7
I
8
4
8
2 7i
2 6
I Ml
11
Rogeri filii Rogeri
Roberti filii Rogeri
I
0
5
16
0
4
2 3i
I 6
.Suinina liujus vill.ie, £12 45.
4tl. Undc di
)mino
IC;
gi.
22s.
2Lt.
Between 1306 and 1309 two actions were brought against Hugh de
Haysand by John de Alavnsheles and Isolda his wife for tenements in
Haysand;'' and in 13 12 Hugh de Heysand, William de Heysand, Henry
de Haketon, William de Benle, William de Boteleston, Richard de la
Neweton, and others, were accused by the prior of Tynemouth of having
entered his liberty at Bewick and of driving off and impounding at Alnwick
440 wethers.'^ In 1319-1320 there was a suit between Hugh de Haysand
and Henry de Acton concerning their lands in Haysand.*^
Before 1^23 part of Hazon had been acquired by Richard de Emeldon,'
the wealthy Newcastle merchant, whose name so frequently occurs in the
records of the period. On the 3rd of July of that year he obtained a licence
to <^rant 24 acres of land in Havsand to the prior and convent of Alnwick."*
On the 1 2th of November, 1328, William de Haysand for 20 marks of silver
granted the fourth part of the manor of Haysand to Robert de Haliwell'' of
Newcastle and his heirs.'*'
' Brinkbiini Chartulary, Page, p. ii. Surtees See. No. go.
■•^ Dc Banco Rolls, Easter term, 5 Edw. I. m. 89. Duke of Northuinberland's Trnnscripl, p. 331.
' Rot. Pal. 24 Edw. I. m. 14, in dorso. Ibid. p. 270.
* Rot. Pat. 35 Edw. I. m. 39, in dorso; ibid, z Edw. II. m. 17, in dorso. Duke of Northumberland's
Transcript, pp. 459 and 30. ' Cal. Pat. Rolls, Edw. II. p. 475.
' Rot. Pat. 13 Edw. II. m. 31, in dorso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 31S.
' Mathilda, daughter and co-heiress of Richard de Emeldon, married first Richard dc .^cton and
secondly Alexander de Hilton, but died without issue. Alphabetical List of Heirs; Colt. MS. Claud.
C, viii. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, P, p. 33.
' Rot. Pat 16 Edw. II. p. 2. m. i. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 397.
" Robert Halliwell was one of the four bailiffs of Newcastle in 1324-1325. VVelford, Newcastle and
Gateshead, i. pp. 60, 62. "" Feet of Fines, Edw. III. Northumberland, case 181, file 11, No. 4.
TOWNSHIPS OF HAZON AND HARTI.AW. 463
Haysand SunsiDY Roll, 1336.
Thomas Daulyn, 4s. 4d. ; Robcrtus de llalyucll, 5s. ; Willclimis Walker, 2s. 8d. ; Johannes Cray, 3s. ;
Willclmus Koc, is. 5d. Sunima, i6s. 5d.
At the Northumberland assizes in 1338 there was a suit between
Constance, widow of Thomas de Haysand, and William de Haysand against
Robert de Haliwell of Newcastle.' In 1380 John de Denton, for the sum
of ^200, quit-claimed to Lawrence de Acton and his heirs the manor of
Haysand, and also three messuages and 65 acres of land in Elswick and
Newcastle.^
At the end of the fourteenth century a certain Richard Hayzaund was
a hermit at Warenford.'
Eleanor, daughter and heiress of Lawrence de Acton, became the wife
of Sir Ralph Percy, seventh son of Henry, second earl of Northumberland,
after whose death, at Hedgeley Moor, in 1464, she remarried John Carlyle,
and, as a widow for the second time, was living in 1498/
At a manor court held at Shilbottle on the 15th of June, 1480,
John Wales of Ne\vton-on-the-Moor was fined 4s. for cutting two oaks
at Hasand-lee, and Richard Dobson of the same place was fined is. for
cutting two oak branches at Hig-crofftt and Hasand-lee.^ At a similar
court held at Shilbottle on Friday the 28th of May, 1524, Christopher
Thirkeld was amerced in 8d. for not appearing to do suit and service, and
John Cowy of Hasand, and Alan, a servant of the vicar of Shilbottle, were
found guilty of an affray with one another in which blood had been shed.*^
Hasande Muster Roll, 1538.'
Thomas Lessell, Lancelote Lyle, able in horse and harnes ; Thomas Barber, Robt. Pattonson, John
Herryson, Willnie Barker, Thomas Pattinson, John Brewster, Thomas AUyson, John Robynson, Herry
Barker, John Browell, John Donnerston, Thomas Happer, John Cuthbt, Ed. Allenson, Willme
Robynson, able men wantinge horse and harnes.
On the 17th of February, 1559/60, Thomas Lisle of Elyhaugh obtained
a 40 years' lease of Hazon from Marmaduke Thirkeld of Estrope, in York-
shire, at the rent of _Xio i is. 8d. per annum."
Li 1576, on the 1st of November, John Lyle of Hassand and Thomas
Lotte of Alnwick went a hunting in Acklington park without any leave,
' Asstze Roll, 12 Edw. III. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 372.
- Final concord made in the king's court at Westminster one month after Easter day, 3 Ric. II. Feet
of Fines, Ric. II. Northumberland, case 181, file 14, No. 7. ' Vol. i. p. 251.
■* In 1498 a free rent of 22s. was paid by Alionora Percy for her lands in Hason. Cartington's Rental,
Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ^ Sliilbottle Court Rolls. ' Ibid.
' Arch. Ael. 410 series, iii. p. 163. ' Bailiffs' Accounts, 44 Eliz. Duke of SorthumherUnni's MSS.
Vol. V. 59
^64 SHII.BOTTI.E PARISH.
and carried away two does ; an action was subsequently brought against
them bv the earl of Northumberland, who claimed /"20 damages.'
At the muster taken at the Moot-law on the 26th of March, 1580, by Sir
John Forster, warden of the Middle Marches, only one horseman presented
himself from Haistand ; eleven others excused themselves, saying that in 1559
Marmaduke Thirkeld had not only taken four years gressum from them, but
had, for 100 marks paid by 'the officer,' granted him a lease of the reversion
of the town.^
In a survey of the manor of Shilbottle made about 1586, it is stated that
Havsande, formerly held by Robert Hilton, was then held by Marmaduke
Thirkeld, esquire, by the service of a knight's fee, homage, fealty, and suit
every third week at the knights' court of Alnwick, and that he paid for
castle ward 13s. 4d., for cornage i6d., and also to the grieve of Shilbottle
22d. a year.^
At a warden court held at Staweford on the J 2th of March, 1589/90,
Robert Lisley of Hazande and George Carr of Doddington claimed upon
Dande Rowle of Bowdoun for five cows and o.\en, and Matthew
Tedcastle of Hazenn filed a bill upon Jockie Burne of the Coatt for stealing
from him six queys and a stot on the 22nd of August previous.*
In Michaelmas term, 25 Elizabeth, a fine was levied whereby Marmaduke
Thirkeld for ;^ 220 quit-claimed to Tristram Conyers and Michael Constable,
and the heirs of Tristram, the manor of Hassand, with lands, tenements,
watermill, dove-cote, etc., and los. rent in Hassande, Acton, Shilbuttle, and
Gvsand." Thirkeld gave Hazon by deed dated 9th August, 1582, to his
daughter, Kalherine, wife of Robert Lacy of Folkton, in Yorkshire, with
remainder to the issue of her marriage.*^ The circumstances under which
her life interest was forfeited to the earl of Northumberland as lord of the
manor are stated in the following letter, written to the earl of Northumber-
land by William Ord of Prudhoe; one of his officers, in 1607:
' P.R.O. Common Pleas, Common Rolls, 365 (20 Eliz. Hilary't, rot. 413.
'■^'The certificat of Sir John Forster, knighte, lordc warden of the Midell Marches of Englaund
foranenst Scotlaund, uppon the mouster taken beffore hym of all the able horsemen furneshed within his
office of the .Midell Marches as the names of these that are abell and unfurneshed, taken 26th March,
1580, at the Mutelawe within the said Midell Marches.' Cal. Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 21.
' Sun'ey of 15S6, Diilic of Northumberland's MSS. A later hand has written, 'Robert Lysley of
Felton, esquire, holds two husbandlands there by knight's service and pays yearly . . . '
' Cal. Border Papers, iJain, i. pp. 361-62.
'•Feet of Fines, Michaelmas term, 25 and 26 Eliz.; also Dnke of Northumberland's MSS.
' Miss Bacon Grey's MSS.
TOWNSHIPS OF HAZON AND HARTLAW. 465
Haysande houldeth of your lordship's mannor of Warkeworthe {sic) ; it conteineth two ploiighcs in the
denieisnes, 50"'' acres to every ploughe at the least ; and in the township x'" tenements, all being the
inheritance of Marmaduke Thirkeild, esq. He let a lease thereof to one Mr. Lysley (father unto Robl.
Lysley, nowe tenant), both the father and the soone were at the niurther of one Mr. Hearon of Boken-
feilde, and so forfeited their lease, at which tymc your lordship's officers not lookinge to it, Thirkeild did
in this oversight comence suite against Lysley, and by that means had composition for ix yeares of Lysley
with a proviso that his lease should determine and Lysley should enjoyc it duringe Thirkeilde's lyfe. Who
deceased xiiii yeares agoe without issue male, and by his last testament left this Haysand to one of his
daughters, wife to one Mr. Robert Lacy of Folton, in Yorkshire ; Lacey dyeth, she maryeth one Dent, her
servante, who was endicted, arrayaned, and convict for the murther of one Harrisone of Flixton. Dent was
executed and she reprived upon the benefite of her bellye, and since the king's entrance pardoned. Lysle
enjoyeth it ever since by vertue as he alleageth of a lease, which leasse at the next Michlemas expirethe ;
the livinge will be better worthe yearlely then three score and ten pounde at the Icaste in my judgement.'
The earl's reply is dated the 2nd of August :
Garde; I have receaved your letter, and a perticular noate of the state of Haysand, which I have sent
backe againe to yow, to the end yow maie goe to Carvell '"' and shewe it him, as also to informe him fullie of
the manner of this businesse, that before yow undertake anie course therein, yow maie have his opinion
and direction what is beste and fittest to be done. If he shall thincke good that an entric be presentlie
made into it, lett me understand from yow by your letter, togither with such other directions as he shall
sett downe concerning this businesse, and yow shall receave warrante from me to that purpose. This is a
matter of verie good consequence, therefore verie requisite it should be well and advisedlie looked into,
and not neglected. This being all for the present, so in haste I reste.^
George Whitehead, writing to the earl on the 17th of January, 160S/9,
says :
We had a warrant from your lordship to enter upon Haysand denieisnes and for sale of the woode
which Mr. Delavall and I accordingly did, and took Mr. Lysleye worde to bringe his leasse to Lammas
assizes to your councellor, Mr. Coke, and yf it were your lordship's right, eyther to resigne his titile or
becoonie your lordship's farmer, which he did not, nor, I thinke, ment not, only to enterteyne tyme with
wordes, as is this contrye manner.'
On Mrs. Dent's death her estate at Hazon* reverted to John Lacy of
Folkton, the son of her first marriage, and at his death, without issue, it
' Duke of NnrthinnhcrlamVs MSS. In an undated survey of the barony of Alnwick made between 1616
and 1627, it is stated that 'Robert Lisle holds the houses, lands, meadows, pastures, arable grounds and
woods [at Hassand] late held by Marmaduke Thirkeld, and now in his lordship's hands by escheat, by
indenture dated [blank] paying yearly £30.' Ibid.
■ Henry Carvell was admitted to Lincoln's Inn, 23rd May, 1569. Rcconis of Lincoln's Inn, i. p. 26.
' Duke oj Northumberland's MSS. * Ibid.
'' In the reign of James I. the earl of Northumberland held m Hazon eight tenements called
'Thirckeld's lands,' the rents of which amounted to £g iis, 8d., and a mill which paid 20s. a year,
making a total of ^10 iis. 8d., but on a valuation being made by his officers, Robert Delaval, Timothy
Elks, (leorge Whitehead, and William Ord, they reported that : The eight tenements called Thirckeld's
lands comprised 264 acres, of which a third part every year lay fallow and two parts in corn, being
176 acres rated at I2d. an acre, ^8 i6s. ; eighty days' mowing in the meadow at 2S. a day, ^8 ; pastur-
age for twenty-six cattle in the in-pasture, 'which are the woods of Hasand,' at 2S. 6d. per beastgate,
^3 5s. ; pasturage on the common and fallow for 200 cattle at is. per beastgate, pfio ; and for 400 sheep
at 4d. a sheep, ^6 13s. 4d : total, £^6 14s. 4d. So that to each tenement there were attached 33 acres
of arable land, ten days' mowing in the meadow, pasturage on the common for 30 cattle, 2 horses, and 50
sheep, and also an eighth part of the pasturage of the infield. 'A certificate of all the lands in Hasand
belonginge his lordship, with the severall rents heare to fur paid for the same and what yearely vallew it
is nowe worth, as wee are informed.' Dulie of Noriliuniberland's MSS.
466 SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
descended to his sister Mary, wife of Sir William St. Ouinton of Harpham,
Yorkshire. Their son, Sir Henry St. Quinton, who in 1663 ^^^s rated at
£bo for lands in Hazon,' on the 28th day of June, 1669, sold ihc in-
heritance of his mother's ancestors to Robert Lisle of Hazon."
By a deed^ dated 17th of August, 1549, Roger Tocket of Tockct in
Yorkshire, esquire, conveyed lands in Hazon, North Charlton and South
Charlton, to Thomas Lisle of Elyhaugh, a scion of the ancient family of
Lisle of Woodburn and Felton.'' Thomas Lisle of Hassande was one of the
'gentlemen inhabitants within the Middle Marches' in 1550.^
The Lisles of Hazon seem to have had the same hot-headed insub-
ordinate disposition as the head of their family, Sir Humphrey Lisle of
Felton. About the year 1561, in a family feud, Richard Heron of Bocken-
field was murdered by his kinsman Thomas Lisle of Hazon, under
circumstances which called forth general reprobation.'' His interest in
Hazon was forfeited to the earl of Northumberland as lord of the manor,
but his freehold lands were apparently re-acquired by his descendants, who
also farmed the Thirkeld lands from the earl.
' Book of Rates. Sir Henry St. Quinton was rated at ^60, Mr. Ralph Lisle of the Mill at /lo, and
Mr. Thornton of Gallow-hill for the tithe at £20. Hodgson, Northumbcrl.ind, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 262.
'' Miss Bacon Grey's }ilSS. ' Ibid.
' 'One Robert Lisle, now long since deceased, possessed some very old deeds for the property of his
family in Hazon, particularly one in 1327 from William dc Hayzand to Robert Hallyuell of New-
castle ; another in 1324 (?) from Agnes, daughter of the said William Haysand, to the said Robert
Hallywell ; another in 1372 when the premises came to one William, son of John de Roddam, who
enfeoffed one John Hering of all the premises and of certain lands in Charlton. The premises after-
wards descended to one Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Hering, who was married to one
Thomas Tocketts, 6 Henry \'., who had issue. And so from them the premises descended to Roger
Tockctts who sold the same to Robert Lisle, and are the same lands which Robert Lisle held in Haysand
by knight's service about 1586 or 1590.'
' The common people have a tradition that the Lisles were very wicked people, and in the days of
superstition, they relate, that one of them dying, the horses, which came with the hearse to take the
corpse from Hazon, could not be forced by any means to draw the body, which at length was moved by
the deceased's own coach horses. On another time one of this family murdered a person coming out of
Felton church, and, having fled, hid himself among the whins on Guyzance Moor, then unenclosed. A
woman having been observed regularly to go that way was suspected of carrying him food, and, being
watched more closely, the place of his concealment was discovered by the friends of the man who had
been killed, and they immediately resorting to the spot cut him into pieces there to avenge the death of
their friend ; the place is remembered to this day.' Sir David Smith's Collection.
' Bo'i'es' Survey, Cott. MS. Titus, F. 13. Hodgson, Novthumberlami, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 248.
' ' Thomas Lysle pater dicti Roberti forisfecit, terr. praedict. in manu. Dni. Robertus Lysley de
Haysande, gen. tenet ibidem ii'" terras husbandr. cum. pert, per servicium militare et per alia servitia,
etc., ratione murdredi Rici Heron de Bokenfeld pro quibus fugam fecit circa ann 3 vel 4 Eliz. Regine.'
Liber I'eudar. Com. North, 1590. .-Mnwick castle, .\. I. No. 2. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
Sliilbottle Guard-book.
TOWNSHIPS OK HAZON AND HARTI.AW.
467
ACTON, THIRKELD, AND ST. OUINTON OF HAZON.
Arms : Folklon of Folkton, sahle^ a chevron h/lweeu llv ee Inick's h/uh ca'ioshed, argeiil. Du-^lale's Visilalion of Yorkshire.
Lacy of Folkton, argent, a hon rampant finrpiire, w:lJtin a liordiire cnm/ionre or and nules chtrged with seven
hezanls. Ibid.
St. Ouinton, Or, a chevron gn/es, a c'lief vair. /Aid.
Lawrence DE Acton of Newcastle {h) ; M.P., 1372 ; = Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of Sir William
bailiff, 13S2, etc. (;') ; purchased Hazon in 1380. | Slurmyn ; she remarried William Kingsman (//).
Laurence de Acton, of Newcastle ; M.P., 1432, etc. ; mayor, = Mathilda ..., held lands
1432-33, 1437 ('') ; possessed lands in Hazon. I in Thirston («).
Sir Ralph Percy, seventh son of Henry,
second earl of Northumberland ; stew-
ard of the earl of Northumberland's
courts ; slain at Hedgeley in 1464 (a).
Eleanor Acton, daughter
and heiress; she posse^^sed
lands in .Acton and Hazon,
and was living in 149S (a).
John Carlyle, second husband («); was fined
for not appearing at the manor court
at Shilbottle to do his suit of court, 15th
June, 14S0 <Ji) ; dead before 1498 («).
I I I
Sir Henry Percy ; died
14S6 («).
Sir Ralph Percy ; living
1489 (.i).
George Percy; held New-
ton, near Bamburgh (a).
I
Margaret ; married
Sir Ralph Har-
boitle, and had
lands in Thirston
Johanna ; was = Christopher Thirkeld, third son of Sir Lancelot
aged 28 years
and more in
1498 00 (/5).
r
Thirkeld (^"), constable of Warkworth
castle in 1509 ; high sheriff of Northumber-
land, 1518-1519 (y) ; was in possession of
Hazon in I5ig((;); and on 2Sth May, 1524,
was fined for not answering at the manor
court of Shilbottle to do suit and service (//).
Christopher Thirkeld of Estrope, Yorks. and of Hazon (.4). = Josian, daughter of ... Constable (/;).
Marmaduke Thirkeld of Estrope (f) and of Hazon, son of
Christopher Thirkeld ; was party to a settlement dated
gth Aug., 1582 (i').
Elizabeth [? daughter and co-heiress of William Hilton,
second son of Sir William Hilton, Baron Hilton (c)J ;
living gth Aug., 1582 {g).
Joyce, daughter and
co-heircss; married
Richard Langdale
of Houghton (/;).
John Lacy, son and heir ; died
s.p. about 1604 (rf) (/).
Dorothy, daughter
and co-heiress ;
married Walter
Grimston of Good-
manham (Ji). \l/
I. Robert Lacy of = Katherine Thirkeld, dau. := 2
Folkton, Yorks.
{/) ; married be-
fore gth Aug.,
and co-heiress, to whoi
her father gave Hazon,
by deed dated gth Aug.,
1582 (<•) (^).
Dent, who
was convicted of
the murder of
Harrison '
of Flixton («).
I
Mary Lacy, sister and co- = Sir William St. Quinton of Harpham, Yorks.;
heiress (r/). 'died a° 1648 or thereabouts' (r/).
Sir Henry St. Ouinton of = Mary, daughter of Henry Slaple-
" ■ ■ "' ton of Wighill, Yorks. («'), by
his wife Mary, daughter of Sir
John Forster of Alnwick and
Bamburgh.
Harpham ; in 1665 was 5g
years of age (i/) ; was rated
for Hazon in 1663.
William St. Ouinton of
Hayton, Yorks. ; party
to deed, 22nd Nov., 1653
(^g) ; was 56 years of age
in 1665 ((/). -4/
Other issue.
I
Ouin- = Elizabeth,
William St. yuin- = ciizaoetn,
ton, son and heir ; daughter of
was 33 years of Sir William
age in 1665 (ji). Strickland of
Boynton (r/).
(a) Percy Pedigree, Tate, Alnwick, i. p. 416.
{h-) Shilhotlk Court Rolls.
(c) Flowers Visitation of Yorkshire, 1564.
(./) Dugdale's Visitation, 1665.
(j) Duke o/Northumlierlaiid's .MSS.
I
Henry St. Quin-
ton, second son.
George,
third
son.
1
I
Philip, Mary, \ had portions of .^600 apiece,
fourth Deborah, / charged on Hazon.
(/) Hodgson Hinde, ' Sheriffs of Northumberland,'
Arch. Ael. vi. p. loi.
Q) Miss Bacon Grey's .MSS.
(^) Glovers Visitation of Yorkshire, 1584.
(;■) Welford, Newcastle and Gateshead, \. pp. 181, ig6, etc,
(/) Ilnd. pp. 292, 293, 297.
' Anthony Harrison of Flixton married Mary, daughter of Brian Lacy, and sister of Robert Lacy of Folkton.
Glovers Visitation of Yorkshire, 1584.
46R SHII.HOTTI.K r\KISH.
Hazon at the beginning of the seventeenth century was evidently well
wooded, for on the 22nd of January, 1616/7, George Whitehead, writing
from North Shields, informs the earl of Northumberland :
As for the s.iilc of Haysandc woodc I have doone much as I coulde to sell it, but by cause olde Robert
Lysleyhad a park of it, in respect of his freehoulde, I could never get him to park' with us, beinge a very
wilfull old man, and for feare of his troobbles nobody would meddle to buy it. Nowe he is lately dead,
and the livinge come to his brother John Lysley, who is a playne honest man, and one that dnthe muche
desire your lordship's favour ; with him I have see far delt, as he offereth to take his park at a syde and
to further your lordship with all his best meanes, soe as at Mr. Fotherley his cominge downe we will
presently fall in with the sale thereof."
In spite of Whitehead's favourable opinion of John Lisle tlie timber
was not sold to him, and being aggrieved, the following petition was addressed
to the earl bv his son :
The humble peticion of Raphe Lyle of Hason in the countie of Northumberland, gent. Humblie
shewinge unto your good lordship that whereas your lordship hath gyven power and aucthoritie unto
Mr. George Whitehead and Mr. Fotherley, your lordship's officers and servaunts, for the sale of all such
part of Hason-wood us belonges unto your lordship. And whereas your peticioner and his father
enjoyinge the residue of the said wood and wood ground, have bene and still are very desirous to buy
)our lordship's part of wood there, and have bene promised the same from tyme to tyme by your said
officers, payinge soe much therefore as any other man would give. But soe it is, right honourable, that
the said Mr. Whitehead and Mr. Fotherley after many delayes unto your suppliante have now sould the
said woods unto another man, notwithstandinge your suppliante (to his know'ledge) did proffer x or xx/i
more then they are to have for the same. Your peticioner therefore humblie beseecheth your good
lordship that you would be pleased (the rather in respect noe other man can fell and carry away the same
woods without greate spoile and hurt to your peticioncr's ground and corne) to recall the said bargaine,
and to give such order unto your ofificers that your said peticioner and his father may have the said
woods, payinge Ixx/j for the same, which is x/i over and above your lordship is to have of the other man
to whome they are partlie graunted. And your peticioner as bound shall ever pray for your lordship's
health and prosperous estate.'
Ralph Lisle was amerced in 3s. 4d. for not appearing at a manor court
held at Alnwick in 1661 to do suit and service for his lands in Hazon,'' and
two years later he was rated at ^'10 for Hazon mill. His successor, Robert
Lisle, in 1669, augmented his paternal estate by the purchase of the greater
part of the St. Quinton lands. He died before October, 1682, when he was
succeeded by his nephew, who also bore the name of Robert Lisle.' The
latter, in 1684, rebuilt the house at Hazon, and inserted a panel bearing a
lion rampaut and „ L -^ , which mav be read Robert and Elizabeth Lisle.
' PeY)i. ' He will not park with us,' he refuses to join with us in enclosing, etc. To parke, fould ;
impale, inclose, hedge or hemme in ; to compasse about w ith pales, hedges, walls, etc. Randal Cotgrave,
Dictionary, 1632 ; sub voce Parqucr. - Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
^ Endorsed ' 161S. Petition from Ralph Lisle requesting to purchase the park at Hasande called Hason-
wood.' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
* Alnwick Court Rolls. ^ Ibid. Tate, Alnwick, i. p. 350.
TOWNSHIPS OF HAZON AND HARTI.AW. 469
Dying in 1697, he was buried in tlie chancel of Shilbottle, under a stone on
which is inscribed: CVrAc ct iiiccrta est mors ; a shield containing the arms of
Lisle, criiiiiir, a lion rainpoiit \aziirc\] crest, a lion f)tiss(iiii.
He was followed successively by his eldest son, Robert, and his second
son, Ral{)h, who, though probably sympathising with the Stuart cause,
prudently stayed at home and permitted their younger brother, Thomas
Lisle,' to join in the rebellion of 1715.' Robert Lisle died greatly in debt,^
and Ralph, on the loth of February, 1723/4, entered into an agreement with
John Bacon of Staward for the sale of Hazon' for ^.7,300, but died in
August of the same year before the completion of the sale. By his will,
dated the 26th of August, 1723, he had given all his real estate to his brother
Thomas, whose succession was contested by the testator's widow and his
posthumous daughter, Rosamond Lisle. '^ An abstract of some of the inter-
esting depositions taken in the chancery suit is given in the evidences
appended to the Lisle pedigree. Thomas Lisle removed to Old Felton
and died there unmarried in the month of March, 1742. By his will" he
gave any real estate he might possess to his cousin, Ralph Lisle, eldest son
of his uncle, Ralph Lisle of Hazon mill, whose history and fortunes are
unknown.
' See above, p. 245 n.
- Warburton, writing about the year 1715, states that 'Hazon is a well buih freestone edifice,
pleasantly situated on a rising ground east of a brooke of ye same name, and is in ye possession of Robert
Lisle, esq.' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
" Notice, all creditors of Robert Lisle, late of Hazon, esq., deceased, to send to Mr. Edward Ward
of Morpeth, attorney at law, particulars of their just debts, and care « ill be taken with convenient speed by
Ralph Lisle, esq., for the payment thereof. Ncu'cmile Counint, 5th October, 1723.
Notice that all such debts as were due from Mr. Robert Lisle, late of Hazon, which are fully proved
by other people than the several creditors, will be paid at Mr. Thomas Marshall's house in Morpeth, on
Tuesday, igth September next. Ibid. 26th August, 1727.
■" To be sold, the township of Hazon, consisting of three farmholds, i.e., Hazon Low-fields, let at /, 115
per annum, Hazon High-houses, let at ^"120 per annum, and Hazon West-farm, let at ^90 per annum.
All free of corn and hay tithe. Also Hazon watermill, let at £12 per annum, besides the mansion house,
dove-coat, stables, offices, and gardens. .\lso the tithe com arising out of the township of duizen and
Hartlaw. To be sold together or in parcels. Whoever purchases the said lands are entitled to a right of
common on Guizen-lee, and to the privilege of winning limestones gratis in the grounds of Whittle,
adjoining to Hazon. Inquire of Ralph Lisle, esq., Mr. Edward Ward of Morpeth, or Mr. James Scott of
Alnwick. Ibid. 26th October, 1723.
^ Chancery Proceedings, 1726, b. 1005, Bacon v. Lisle. A bill was exhibited on the 15th March, 1724,
by John Bacon, esq., of Staward, plaintiff', against Thos. Lisle, gent., Hannah Lisle, widow, and her
daughter, Rosamond, an infant, defendants.
" 1734, I2th January. Will of Ralph Lisle of Old Felton. To be buried privately in the parish church
of Shilbottle. My real estate to Ralph Lisle, eldest son of my uncle, Ralph Lisle of Hazon. I give my
lease of Elford and colliery and all my personal estate to John Davison of Warkworth ISarns and William
Carr of the Rhodes, in trust for Ralph, Frances, Mary and Elizabeth Lisle, children of my uncle, Ralph
Lisle. Proved nth August, 1742. Durham Probate Registry.
470
SHILBOTTLE PARISH.
LISLE OF HAZON.
Arms: Ermint, a lion rampant azure. Q\c\\ix'i Ordinary ; Papworth, p. 73. Tomb in Shilbottle chancel, etc.
Thomas Lisi.e of Eljhaugh, grandson of Sir Humphrey
Lisle of Felton (t)\ will dated 3rd June, 1551. 'To be
buried in Felton church. I give my office and farmhold
and lease of Hasand to my son Thomas. My son John
and other children' (a).
Margaret, daughter of
Thomas Heron of
Bockenfield (e).
Thomas Lisle
of = Margaret,
John Li
le of Hazon ;
Humphrey Lisle of the
llazon, forfeited
daughter
will
dated i8lh
parish of Shilbottle ;
his lands in Hazon
of Robert
Sept.,
1571. 'To
will dated 7th July,
for the murder
of
Horsley of
be bu
ried in Shil-
15S9. 'To be buried
Richard Heron
of
Acklington
bottle church ' («).
in Shilbottle quire '
Bockenfield.
park (<).
•^
(«). 4/
Robert Lisle of
1
John Lisle of Hazon, = ..
1
Ralph
Lancelot = Elizabeth,
Hazon ; 'a very
' a playne honest
Lisle;
Lisle of daughter
Newton-^ of Thomas
wilful! oldman';
man '; succeeded
dead
will dated nth
to Hazon at
his
before
on-lhe- Carr of
August, 1616;
brother's death.
Ijlh
Moor Old Felton
proved 1617.
and proved
his
Nov..
(')• (')•
will.
1617.
si/
Ralph Lisle of Hazon, was a freeholder in 1639 ; in 1661 was amerced for =
not appearing at the court at Alnwick to do suit and service ((/) ; in
166^ was rated at £\a for lands in Hazon ; dead before 1670 (/).
William Lisle, to whom his uncle
Robert Lisle gave his lands in
Thirston.
Robert Lisle of Hazon ; died before Oct., Richard
1682, seised of Hazon which he, by Lisle
will dated 24th .^pril, 1679 (•*), gave to of
his brother Richard's son Robert ((/■). Hazon.
Dorothy Lisle of Weldon ;
married 1st Dec, 1663
(c) ; living 31st Jan.,
i68q.
Frances ; second wife of Joseph For-
ster of Shilbottle Wood-house ;
bond of marriage, 6lh Aug., 1670 ;
hurled 20th Feb., 1707/8 («)•
Robert Lisle of
Hazon ; buried
in Shilbottle
chancel, 20th
July, 1697 (-4) ;
administration
of personal
estate granted
17th Nov.,
1697, to Eliza-
beth Lisle, his
widow (a).
Elizabeth, daughter of
William Wallas of New-
castle, merchant, and of
River Green (m) ; mar
riecl at Long Benton,
19th Nov., 16S3 (.e) ;
she remarried John Lisle
of Elyhaugh ; burieJ
25th May, 1733 (c)
George and Lancelot, had legacies
by their uncle Robert's will, ' to
bring them up with learning
and trades.' Lancelot was ap-
prenticed 25th Feb., 16S7, to
Thomas Emerson, of Newcastle,
merchant (/). Both died in
their minority (/().
Ralph Lisle of =: Dorcas Fenwick
Hazon mill,
which he had
for li fe by
the will of
his nephew
Robert Lisle;
was aged 60
in 1732 (/).
of Thirston ;
bond of mar-
riage, 3rd
June, 1701 ;
married 15th
July,l70i(/,).
Ill
Robert, baptised 24th Sept., 1703 (//) ; buried 24th
Mar., 1703/4 (^).
Robert, baptised 1st Jan., buried 5th Jan., 1704/5 (J>).
Ralph Lisle, baptised 7th Oct., 1717 {h') (i) ; in 1734
eldest surviving son named in the will of his cousin
Ibomas Lisle of Old Felton.
I I
Dorothy, baptised 19th May, 1702 {!<).
Anne, baptised 20th Oct., 1706 (/•) ;
buried 1st Oct., 1713 (i).
Frances, baptised 20th Jan., 1708/9 (Ji).
Elizabeth, baptised 2$thjuly, 17 14 («).
Mary.
Thomas Lisle of Hazon, after- = Ann Bell of River Green ;
wards of Newton-on-the
Moor; buried 15th Jan.,
1709/10 ih).
\ I
Frances ; married John CoUingwood of Duddoe, North
Durham ; was living in 1723, as a widow, at Felton (/•). -i,
Dorothy ; living at Hazon unmarried 24th July, 1707 {k').
bond of marriage, 3rd
June, 1 701 ; married
24th June, 1697 (K).
I I I I I
Robert, baptised 4th April, 1698 (//).
John, baptised 20th July, 1699 (Ji).
Richard, baptised 15th Oct , 1702 (//) ; buried 20th May, T706 (li).
Thomas, baptised 24th Sept., 1708 (J>).
Robert, youngest son ; named in the will, dated 18th .'\pril, 1720,
of John Lisle of Elyhaugh.
Dorothy, born at Hazon ;
baptised 7th Nov., 1700
(/) [? married 12th Oct.,
1 719, Edward Archbold
of Alnwick (*)].
Robert Lisle of Hazon and of River Green ; = Mary, daughter of John Ogle of Newcastle, and sister of Admiral Sir
died s.p.; buried 30th Dec, 1722 (J>) ; will Chaloner Ogle, knight ; in 1724 brought a suit to recover her dower
dated 12th March, 1719 (/). (/) ; died 19th Dec, 1728, aged 44 (Ji).
TOWNSHIPS OF HAZON AND IIARTI.AW.
471
Hannah ... ; Thomas Lisle, baptiseil I4lh Dec, l6gS(/<); to whom Frances, baptised
remarried his brother Robert gave his house of Hlford, and to 3rd Sept., 1696
Thomas whom his brother Ralph gave all his real estate in (/O ; living at
Bradish Hazon, etc. (/") ; died at Old Kellon ; buried 30th Old Fellon.un-
of Dublin .March, 1742 (/<) ; will dated I3th Jan., 1734. 'I married, 14th
before .give my real estate, if any, to Ralph Lisle, eldest March, 1732
l6ih Jan., son of my uncle, Ralph Lisle of Hazon'; proved (yO.
1726/7. irth .'\ug., 1742 (a). Elizabeth; bur-
John, baptised 20th June, 1695 (//) ; buried 2nd .Xug., ied nth April,
1697 (<). 1697 (/,).
Ralph Lisle of Hazon ;
died Aug., 1724 (/);
will dated 26th Aug.,
17-3 C/) i administra-
tion of his personal es-
tate was granted 13th
Jan., 1726/7, to his
widow Hannah, then
wife of Thomas Bradish
(.")■
Rosamond, posthumous daughter and heiress ; died before 30th May, 1734 ; administration
of her personal estate granted to her mother Hannah Bradish (/).
(«) Raine, Tfsl. Dunclm
(Ji) Shilhottle Register.
(f) Felton Register.
((/) A/mvici Court Ro.'/s ; Tate, .-iltiwici, i. 350.
(e) Herald's Visitation of Northumberland, \(i\^.
(/) Chancery Proceedings, 1726, b. 1005, Bacon
V. Lisle.
(^) Long Benton Register.
(/')
M.L, St. Nicholas', Newcastle ; cf. Welford, Monu-
ments of St. Nicholas., p. 147.
Edlingham Register.
Miss Bacon Grey's MSS.
Merchant .4 dventurers' Company of Newcastle., Dendy,
ii. p. 317.
(/«) Hodgson, Northumberland., pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 24.
(n) Warkworth Register.
(0
(0
EviDiiNCES OF Lisle Pedigree.
'SS'i V^ June. Will of Thomas Lyell. To be buried in the church of Felton ; to my son, Thomas, my office
and farmholde lease, etc., in Hasand ; my son John L)'ell and other children. Raine, Test. Dunelm.
1571, i8th September. Will of John Lyslie of Hason. To be buried in the church of Shilbottle. I give the
custody of my daughter, Allison, to my brother, Umfrey Lisly : my brother's son, Robert Lyslie. Ibid.
15S9, 7th July. Will of Umferay Lesley of Shylbotle. To be buried in the queare of Shylbotle ; to Isabel
AUenson ; my wife and my daughter, Elizabeth, executors. Ibid.
1616, nth August. Nuncupative will of Robert Lisleye of Haison. I give all my estate, except my lands in
Thirston, to Robert Lisleye, son of Ralphe Lisleye of Haison ; my land at Thirston to William Lisleye, son of John
Lisleye of Haison ; to Edward Carr of Eshett's children, 20 marks ; to Margaret Lisleye, daughter of Lancelot Lisleye
of Ne\vton-on-the-Moor, a horse, and if Lancelot Lisleye, her father, and John Lisleye do think her to deserve more,
then they in their discretion to mend the same ; to Hugh Pallaser, a colt ; to Agnes Wilson, a whie ; my brother
Lancelot Lisleye, to endeavour to purchase Marmaduke Thirkeld's lands in Haison for the use of Robert, son of
Ralph Lisleye. Administration of the personal estate of Robert Lisley of Hazan, granted 15th November, 1617, to
his brothers, John and Lancelot Lisley, and to Robert Lisley, son of Ralph Lisley, the nephew of the deceased.
Inventory, /13 l8s. Durham Probate Registry.
1682. We find that Robert Lisle of Hazon, gentleman, died seised of lands and tenements in Hazon aforesaid,
and that the said Robert Lisle by his will devised the same to Robert Lisle, his nephew, who is son of Richard
Lisle of Hazon aforesaid, paying lis. per annum rent to the lord, suit of court, and ought to appear at this court this
day to swear fealty and pay the lord's relief ; who this day made default in his appearance, we therefore amerce him
IS. 8d. Alnwick Court Rolls ; Tate, Alnwick, i. p. 350.
1683. Robertus Lisle de Hazon gaudebat sorte tori Elizabeta cognata mea, cognomine Wallas decimo nono
die Novembrisanno redemptionis nostrae ilia habitabat apud River-green, 1683. Long Benton Register.
1697, 17th November. Administration of the personal estate of Robert Lisle of Hazon, gent., granted to
Elizabeth Lisle, the widow. Raine, Test. Dunelm.
1719/20, I2th March. Will of Robert Lisle of Hazon. I give Hazon mill to my uncle, Ralph Lisle, for his
life only, and then to my brother, Ralph Lisle, to whom I give all my other real estate ; to my brother, Thomas
Lisle, my lease of Elford, he executor. Chancery Proceedings, 1714-1758, No. 1005. Bacon v. Lisle.
1725, 26th August. Will of Ralph Lisle of Hazon. I give all my lands at Hazon and elsewhere to my brother,
Thomas Lisle, he executor. Ibid.
1726/7, 13th January, .\dministration of the personal estate of Ralph Lisle, late of Hazon, granted to Hannah
Lisle, alias Bradish, now wife of Wheaton Bradish, widow of defunct. Raine, Test, Dunelm.
1733. In a suit, Thomas Bradish and wife versus Bacon and Lisle, the following depositions were taken at
.Morpeth on the 14th of March, 1732/3 : Phillis, wife of Thomas Smith of Gateshead, roper, aged 29 years, deposed :
that she was for several years a servant to Mr. Robert Lisle, deceased, who at the time of his death was indebted to
the following persons : to Ralph Tate of Ford for carrying coals from Ford colliery to Mr. Robert Lisle at
Vol. V. 60
472 SHII.BOTTLE PARISH.
MilficM, 13s. ; to Ann Selby of Milfiekl for 3 cheeses, 12s. ; for 5 dozen bottles of ale, 15s. ; for 12 pecks (?) oats,
;s. 6<J. ; to James Wilson of Milfield for rye and wheat, 20s. ; to Jasper Johnson of VVooler-haugh-head for wine, £i ;
to James Wilson for three years' rent for the house at MilfielJ that the said Mr. Lisle lived in. £1 los. John
Nicholson of Alnwick deposed : that he was formerly servant to Richard Strother of Alnwick, apothecary, and
knew ' that the said Robert Lisle was indisposed for about 14 days, and all that time was under the care of the said
Richard Strother,' and lodged in his house ; he had seen ' several ointments, oyles, and other medicines used and
prepared by the said Richard Strother in the cure of the said Robert Lisle, and this deponent verily believed that
the said Richard Strother deserved about /3 for the same.' Frances Lisle of Old I'elton, spinster, aged 30 years,
deposed : that she was sister of Thomas Lisle, one of the defendants, and to Robert Lisle and to Ralph Lisle, both
of llazon, deceased : that her brother, Ralph Lisle, got of the defendant, Thomas Lisle, part of her brother Robert
Lisle's personal estate, 'one gelding called 'Countrey,' to the value of /lo ; one gold signet, valued at £2 los. ; a
white tye wig, to the value of /3 ; that the said gelding was used by the said Ralph Lisle and by him made useless,
for afterwards the said Thomas Lisle got him again and then he was broken-winded and worth little or nothing, etc.
Thomas Potts of Newcastle, gent., aged 60 years, deposed: that in the year 1716 he was under-sheriff to John
Rogers, esq., then high sheriff of Northumberland, that John Lisle, late of Elyhaugh, gent., deceased, inter-
married with the mother of the defendant, Thomas Lisle, etc. Thomas Lisle of Old Felton, gent., aged 33 years
and upwards [one of the defendants], deposed : etc. Nathaniel Ogle of Kirkley, doctor of physic, aged upwards of
40 years, deposed : that about 13 years ago he went to pay a visit to Robert Lisle of Hazon, and told him that he
wanted a hunter and desired the said Robert Lisle to recommend one to him, and the said Robert Lisle told him he
did not know of any fitter for him than his brother Thomas Lisle's bay gelding, upon which he bought the gelding of
the said Robert (with Thomas's consent) for ;f 12. Thomas Smith of West Thirston, gent., aged 7g years, deposed :
that in the year 1716 he and his brother, Joseph Bilton of Brinkheugh, gent., deceased, were desired by John Lisle
of F.lyhaugh to wait upon Robert Lisle of Hazon to pay him ;^ioo 12s. which, said he, was the remainder of Thomas
Lisle's portion. Roger Buston of Buston, gent., aged 81 years, deposed : that he was witness to a deed poll, dated
30th December, 1706, by which Frances Forster of High Buston, widow, assigned to Dorothy Lisle and Frances Lisle
a certain annuity of £1,, which had been given to her by her brother, Robert Lisle of Hazon. Ralph Lisle of Hazon,
gent., aged 60 years, uncle of the defendant Thomas Lisle, deposed : that in the time of the last illness of Robert
Lisle, late of Hazon, Doctor Ogle of Kirkley frequently visited him and attended him as his physician. Mr. W. B.
Lisle's MSS.
When Guyzance-lee or common was divided by mutual agreement of
the lord of the manor and the freeholders in the year 1 760, 200 acres were
awarded to John William Bacon in compensation for the right of common
appurtenant to Hazon and Hartlaw, which were computed to comprise
twelve and a quarter ancient farms.' This allotment is now represented by
the farm of Hazon-lee. The estate remained in the possession of the
Bacon family until 1827," when it was sold by Mr. Charles Bacon to Mr.
Edward Lawson of Longhirst,' to whose grandson, Mr. W. E. Lawson,
Hazon and Hartlaw now belong.
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
■ When advertised for sale, the estate was described as comprising : Hazon-town, 407 acres ; Hazon
High-houses, 482 acres; Hazon-lee, 187 acres; Hazon mill and land 24 acres; Hartlaw, 287 acres;
woodlands, etc., ig acres. Neuxastle Courant, 23rd November, 1826.
At the end of last century Hazon was rented and farmed bv a branch of the Redesdale family of Laing,
who were owners of lands in Burradon in Coquetdale, Doxford New-houses, and of Walk Mill. In 174S
John Laing of Morwick, and in 1774 John Laing of Hazon, respectively polled in respect of lands in
Burradon. .See above, p. 253.
' ' In 1S27 Hazon and Hartlaw were sold to William Lawson of Longhurst for £'54,cxx5. The other
candidate for the purchase from Mr. Bacon is said to have been Lord Chancellor Eldon, who hesitated to
give more than thirty years' purchase, the rental being /^i,6oo and the quantity 1,408 acres ; but some
think that Lord Eldon's name was made use of to induce Mr. Lawson to give the large sum he did lest
he should lose the purchase.' Sir David Smith's Collection.
TOWNSHirs OF HAZON AND HARTI.AW.
473
Hartlaw comprises a farm of 287 acres, and a single liomestead wliich,
being above the 400 feet contour-line, commands a varied and extensive
view over the vale of the Coquet to Longhorsley Moor on the south-west,
and from Cresswell Point on the south-east, to
Coquet Island and Low Buston on the east. The
handsome seventeenth-century house, which
Warburton, writing about 1715, calls 'a goodly
house, on an eminence,' is two stories in
height ; its south front, which is covered with
stucco rough - cast,
has a series of five
windows on the
upper floor, which
retain their original
heads and label
mouldings, but the
mullions have given
place to wooden
sashes ; four corre-
sponding openings
>"^^K }i^f^S
Hartlaw.
with a doorway, now blocked up, are on the ground floor. A northern
projection or wing contains the remains of a well-planned and easy staircase,
and there are in the house one or two heavy and handsome chimney heads.
It is now converted into hinds' houses. There is an extensive garden
enclosed by high stone walls, which have heavy moulded and dressed
coping stones, and to the west is a plantation of gnarled and aged ash
trees.'
By a deed dated the nth of October, 1679, it is recited that one-third
part of the lands which in 1669 were conveyed by Sir Henry St. Quinton and
others to Robert Lisle, were purchased in trust for Robert Widdrington of
Hauxley, who had paid one-third part of the purchase money. But as Lisle
was already seised of a freehold estate of inheritance in Hazon it was mutually
agreed that one-fourth of the township should be set off to Widdrington in
satisfaction of his undivided share." In this apportionment is the origin of
' In a field near Hartlaw, called Bewick hill, may be seen traces of a stone causeway proceeding in
the direction of the Camp fields at Hazon. E.x inf. Mr. M. H. Dand. '"' Miss Bacon Grey's MSS.
474 shilboTtle parish.
Hartlaw as a separate estate and poor-law township. In a settlement
made in 1684' Robert Widdrington appointed his lands in Hazon and
Hartlaw to his nephew, Robert Widdrington, charged with portions to be
paid to the daughters of the elder Robert. One of them, named Anne,
married Ralph Forster of Elford," eldest son of Joseph Forster of Shilbottle
Wood-house, and by some unknown arrangement Hartlaw was acquired by
that family.
When the pedigree of the family of Forster of Ne\vton-by-the-sea and
High Buston ^ was given in a former volume of this History^ the origin
of Joseph Forster, the root of the stock, was unknown ; it is now fairly
' See above pp. 304-307.
■ 1678/9, igth March. Will of Ralph Forster of Elford, gent. To be buried in the church of
Warkeworth. .'\11 my lands in Elford to my son Robert Forster and his heirs male ; remainder to my
brother George ; remainder to my brother Francis. The reversion of the estate of liuston in like
manner, with remainder to my brother Francis, remainder to my sisters Mary and Margaret. To my
two daughters, Jane and Frances, ^600 out of Elford and Buston when of age ; to my wife, .\nne, half of
Elford for life for jointure, she executrix. My friends, Thomas Forster of Brunton, clerk ; my kinsman,
Richard Lisle of Hason, gent. ; Edward Cooke of Ambell New-hall, gent. ; R.alph Watson of North
Seaton, gent., to be trustees. My father and mother, two rings ; my father, Widdrington ; my two uncles,
Robert and Richard Lisle, gents., my aunt, Dorothy ; my kinsmen, Francis and Robert Forster of
Buston, my sister, Jane, my godson, Thomas Lisle of Hason. Proved 1679. Raine, Tfs/. Diuuim.
The testator seems to have died when on a visit to Barnhill, for the following entry appears upon the
Warkworth Register: ' 1679, March 30th. Kadulphus Forster de Barnhill in templo,' buried.
' See pedigree of Forster of Newton-by-the-sea and High Buston, vol. ii. p. 99.
1690, 24th April. Inventory of Joseph Forster of Hartlaw, gent. : His purse and apparell, ^10 ; a
horse and 2 kyne, £y ; iS goates, young and old, ^3. In the parlour chamber : 6 chaires, 4 stooles, one
sute of greene cutaines, two fether bedds with a bolster, two pillows, a paire of lininge sheets, a paire of
blankets, a coverlett with a counter paine, and a chimney, ^4 lis. In the hall chamber is a seat or bed
with a bolster, a paire of blanketts, a suteable rugg, 14 paire and a sheet all of lininge, 12 lininge pillows,
a case of drawers, 39 yards of diaper unwhittenea, 2 dozen of huggaback napkins, 2 dozen of diaper
napkins, 3 plaine table clothes, 2 huggaback table clothes, i course diaper table clothe, 2 dozen of plaine
lininge napkins, another dozen of ordinary diaper napkins, i towell of the same, I large looking glass,
3 lille cases of botles, 2 hugaback towells, 2 other bolsters, a paire of blanketts, a redd rugg, 2 white and
reed coverletts, 5 other pillowes, i trunk, and a paire of fire barrs, ^20 os. 8d. In the kitchen chamber :
A large chest, a trunk, a standing cup of silver, 2 large silver tumblers, 7 silver spoones, a brandy taster
of silver, ^8 15s. In the same roome is a fether bed, 2 bolsters, 2 paire of blanketts, a paire of
strakeinge sheets, a coverlett, and a chimney, £2. In the cross roome : 4 chests, an old desk, a dozen
and a half of course huggaback napkins, 2 servantes' bedsteads with furniture, 8 paire of course sheets,
6 pillows, 4 course towells, 6 dozen of wood trenchers, 4 tubbs, 3 buffitt formes, £$ 13s. 4d. Debts
owinge to the deceased upon bond, some of them solvent and many of them desporate as will appeare by
the said bonds, ^472. His books, £2,. In the parlour : A bedstead with reed curtaines, a counterpaine,
a rugg and other furniture for the bedd, a table and frame, 6 old chaires, and a paire of fire barrs, £2.
In the hall : 2 tables, 2 carpetts, 4 lether chaires, 26 spinell of lining yarne, and a paire of fire barrs, ^5.
In the kitchen is 12 pewter dishes, a dozen of pewter plate, 2 flaggon potts, a bason, 2 pewter candle-
sticks, 2 brass candlesticks, 2 pewter tankards, 2 salts, a pewter pinte botle, a chamber pot of pewter,
2 brass ketles, 4 brasse potts, 7 brass pans, 2 iron potts, i yeatling, a paire of large racks, a paire of
tonks, 2 spitts, 2 crooks, 2 fryinge panns, a brasse spoone, a paire of broiling irons, a fire porr, a table and
a frame, a forme, 3 chairs, a box iron, 3 other smoothing irons, 3 waterpales, 12 milk boules and tubbs,
3 china chamber potts, 4 plates of the same and 10 custarde potts, a cupboard, 2 lint wheeles, and a spice
box, ^11 15s. In the celler : 9 rundletts, 2 leaven tubbs, a churne, and a beefe tub, los. In the
brewhouse : A large fir chest, an old cupboard, a press, 2 washing tubbs, a masking tubb, 2 wort tubbs,
5 small rundletts, a peck, and 2 sives, and old windowing clothe, ^l 2s. ; 2 come sacks and 7 malletts,
3 small basketts and a voider, 13s. ; 3 beehives called winter steeles, ^i. Total, £y:,%. Funerall
expences and other debts owinge by the deceased, ^80. Durham Probate Registry.
TOWNSHIPS OF HAZON AND HAKII.AW. 475
well ascertained that he was a scion of the family of Forster of Low Biiston.
He survived his eldest son, and dying at Hartlaw, was buried at Warkwortli,
7th February, 1689/90.
Robert Forster of Hartlaw, son of Ralph Forster of Elford, and grandson
of Joseph Forster of Shilbottle Wood-house and Hartlaw, by will dated the
13th of December, 1713, gave Elford and Hartlaw, charged with debts and
legacies, to his eldest son, Ralph Forster,' who, on the 3rd of December,
1 7 18, settled his estates upon his brother, Francis Forster. Francis Forster
polled for Hartlaw" for the election of knight of the shire in 1722, and died in
March, 1740; his son Francis attained the age of twenty-one on the 2nd of
November, 1744. The accumulated load of debts and legacies charged upt)n
the estates was such that Hartlaw was sold by order of the court, and
purchased by John Bacon for ^2,400, which was applied in part payment of
the charges on the estate and the costs of the suit, which together amounted
to ;^'2,947 8s. 2d.^ It has since then formed part of the Hazon estate.''
' 1713, 13th December. Will of Mr. Robert Forster of Hartlaw. My estate at Elford and Hartlaw
to my son, Ralph, he to pay my debts, etc.; to my sons Francis, Robert, Georye, and Nicholas, ^200
apiece ; to my daughters, Catherine, Grace, Ann, and Jane, .1^200 apiece ; my wife. Proved, 1714.
The original will was delivered out of the registry, 15th December, 1726, to Catherine Forster of
Hartlaw, widow, and Richard Grieve of Alnwick, gent. Raine, Test. Dunclin.
- To be let, Hartlaw, with a good house and g-arden, and right of common on Gyzon Lee. Encjuire of
Mr. Nicholas Forster of Ponteland, who will let the same. Newcastle Cuurant, 30th Nov., 1723.
' Lambert MS.
* The grain tithes of Hasand, parcel of the rectory of Shilbottle, and then in the occupation of George
Bednell, were granted, 8th November, 160S, to Thomas Phelipps and Richard Moore of London, gents.,
to hold of the king as of the manor of East Greenwich in common socage at the yearly rent of 53s. 4d.'
Pat. Rolls, 6 James 1. pt. 2.
476 CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAICH.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
The chapelrv of Bniinshaugh has an area of 1,402 acres, and is bounded
bv the parishes of Shilbottle and Warkworth on the north, bv Warkworth
on the south-east and south, and by Feltt)n on the west ; in the words of
an Elizabethan surveyor, the boundaries are as follows :
begynyng at the sowthe corner of the west dicke of the Walke-mylne grounde at the sydc of the water
Coquet, then westward up the sayde water as the myde streame goith to the easte parte of the Maistrs
Hagge along th' east syde of the sayde marche haye to yow come to Meare borne, ft)r the parcell of
groiinde called the Maistrs Hagge was jiarcell of the towne of Acton, and not of Guysant, and was by the
lortl of Aclon gcvyne to the house of Uraynshawghe, and from thence up the Meare borne to a place
called Kills Howe at Acton dicke noyke, then up the syke as the sike goylh to the hye kyng's streat
that goeth betwixt Morpeth and Alnewyke, then alonge the sayde streate northward to the streate yeatt,
then eastward downe the grippe of Newton mere dicke to Hasen borne, downe the borne to yow come to
the furnaice heade, then by a mention of a old dicke which was castyng by the tcnnants of Guysans
to keape the sheapc of Hasand, having the poks, from the sheape of Guynes, along the same dicke to a
closse dicke of Brenshallghe, some tyme parcell of Hasand, called Halhcrle closse, and downe the sowthe
dicke of the said closse to the north-west of Schelles closse, also parcell of Braynshawghe, then downe the
sowthe dicke of Hason wood to the north-west noyke of Ormle, then along Hason dicke northward to a
litle loynyng which devideth Hason feild and the Graindge field, from thens the sowth dicke of the
Graindge is marche betwyxt the Graindge and Guysans to the ende therof, from thens sowthe alonge
Guysance newe dicke to the Walke-mylne closse dicke noyke, then downe the same dicke to the water of
Coquet wher we did begyne.'
Its southern side occupies a sheltered position in the valley of the Coquet,
along whose winding bank it extends for over four miles ; the northern
part is within the 200 feet contour-line, and the whole has a southern
exposure. Before the suppression of the monasteries the chapelry contained
three distinct estates, viz., the lands belonging to the cell of Brainshaugh,
those belonging to the prior and convent of Brinkburn, and those belonging
to the lord of the manor and his tenants. It is now comprised in one poor-
law township, the limits of which are conterminous with the chapelry, but,
like the manor, it is invariably designated bv the name of Guyzance,' rather
than by the name of Brainshaugh. Of the prehistoric inhabitants no traces
have been discovered, with the doubtful exception of ' some urns of earthen-
ware and some stone coffins containing human bones and ashes of bones,' said
to have been found about the year 1780 in a field about a quarter of a mile
south of the homestead of Barnhill.^
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
= The Census Returns are : 1801,172; iSii, 186; 1821,173; 1831,197; 1841,205; 1851,213; 1861,
217 ; 1871, 243 ; 1881, 281 ; 1S91, 163. ' Sir David Smith's Collection.
m
CHAPELRY OF nRAINSHAUGH.
477
The civitas of ' Brincewelae' ' mentioned by the anonymous author of
the Historia dc Sancto Ciitliberto as being on the western bounds of the
tract of country given bv King Ceolwulf to the church of IJndisfarnc,
though formerly sometimes identified vvitli Brainshaugh, is now verv
generally supposed to be the camp on the hill above Brinkburn. The
church of 'Gisyng' is said to have been given by (iisbert Tison, the first
lord of Alnwick after the Norman Conquest, to his younger son Richard
at the same time as Shilbottle.' Richard founded the chapel of nuns''
of 'Gysyns,' a community that may have been of earlier origin, and
he gave 'the church of St. Wilfrid of Gysnes' to the canons of Alnwick
before or in the year 1147, together with 'one measure and two oxgangs
of land in the same vill, and with the haugh where the church is, with
Ridlei and with Morwick haugh.'''
Bkainshaugh Chapel from the South.
'The haugh where the church is' still conveys an exact idea of Brains-
haugh. The church is now represented by some fragments of masonry
^ 'Ad civitatem quae vocatur Brinccwele.' Symcon of Durham, Hodgson Hinde, p. 141. Surlces -Soc.
No. 51. Cf. Borikr Holds, i. p. 81 n.
'■ ' Incipit genealogia fundatorum et advocatorum abbatiae dc Alncuyke primo scilicet dc Rico Tisniinc
fundatore capellae sancti VVilfiidi monialium de (jisnis '
'In hoc proelio Willelmus Tisonne corruit, cnjus fiater, scilicet Ricardus Tisonnc, fuit fundator
capellae monialium de Gysyns circa annos domini 1000 [.'iioo] quorum pater dicebatur Gisbright
Tisonne, fundator scilicet abbatiarum de Malton, Watton et Bridlington. Iste Gisbright dedit Richardo
filio suo villam de Shilbottell una cum ecclcsia de Gisyng,' etc. Cronica Monasterii de Alnewyke. Proc.
Arch. Inst. Hartshorne, 1852, appendi.\, D. iii.
"There seems to be a distinction between the ' capella monialium' and the ' ecclesia de Gisyng.'
It is assumed they were the same foundation in late documents, but there is nothing in any of the early
documents to show that this was the case at the time when they were written.
* 'Et praeterea concedmius, et carta nostra confirmavimus ecclesiam Sancti Wilfridi de Gysnes quam
Ricardus Tysone eisdem canonicis dedit in perpetuam elemosinain, cum mensura una et duabus bovatis
terrae in eadem villa ; et cum halghe, ubi est ecclesia, cum Ridleia, et cum Morwick-halghe sicut Ricardus
eis concessit. Et de bosco suo quantum potuerint et voluerint exartarc, et niolere ad molcndinum siuim,
sicut multura ; et facere molcndinum in feodo suo super Cochet, si potuerint. Et unam salinam in Wcrk-
wordia. Testibus, Hugone sacerdote de Tughala, et Patric Williemo capellano, et .\rchill sacerdote,
Bernardo cleriro, Stephano de Dunelm, Ricartlo Tysone, Papady, Rogero Malcall, Ricardo de Rok, Ada
Murdack, Ada V'icecomite, Radulfo de Tung, Williehno Tysone, Waltero filio Mayn, Ivone de \'escy,
Amulpho de Morwic, Rodbeito Pucro, Arnulpho de Heysendc. Hist, and Antiq. uf Nortliiimbd.,
Hartshorne, p. 273.
478
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
indicating a building oblong in shape ; it measures 6i feet in length bv
15 feet 8 inches in width, and includes portions of ancient work belonging to
the twelfth, tliirtrenlh, and fourteenth centuries, intermixed with nuidiTn
walling, which is intended to protect and preserve the old work. The
building occupies the centre of a small low-lying haugh, enclosed on three
sides bv the river Coquet, which at this point is very beautiful, the banks
surrounding it being rich in bracken and varied foliage.
It is difficult to determine the exact dimensions of the earliest Norman
work. The parallelogram midway in its length, presents some broken
masonry which may represent either the west wall of a short church to
ccp ..
Gk'ofND Tlan of Brainshauch Chapel.
which has been added a nave with south aisle, or the foundations of the
whole may with equal probability indicate the original church, character-
istically long, narrow, and high, divided, where the broken masonry now
appears, by a chancel arch.
There is not at present any opening in the north wall excepting a built
up doorway in the middle of the eastern portion, which, on the inside, has
a twelfth-century square lintel and semi-circular tympanum enclosed by an
arch. The exterior stonework of the same opening has been altered. There
are on the site some fragments of Norman masonry, including a rebated
stone lintel, square on the underside and segmental on the top, which may
have formed the exterior head of the doorway under notice. There is also
a small piece of a square billeted Norman hood moulding.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
479
...mfiu^^/^
To a period little later in point of date belongs a very beautiful
scalloped capital, with nail head between the scallops; it is circular at the
necking, and has a square abacus. At the necking it is of the same diameter
as the circular pier shown on the plan, and no doubt belonged to it, thereby
suggesting the date of the aisle, which was probably of three bays.
The east end of the church has been destroyed, but in the west end are
the sill and jambs of a thirteenth-century window, and on the south side,
west of the door opening, is a single jamb of a similar window. A double
piscina below a trefoiled arched head exists in
the south wall near the east end,
and this, together with the pointed
arched head, in two stones only,
which encloses the north side of
the built-up Norman doorwav, ma>
belong to either the thirteenth
or fourteenth century.
Belonging to the four-
teenth century period are
the moulded sill and jambs
(shouldered on the inside) of
the large window, which has
been inserted in the south
wall, and the adjoining very
flat pointed arched doorway of two chamfered orders.
It would be unwise to speculate on the nature and use of the fabric
indicated by the ruins further than has already been stated. It is a site
where a little excavation could be undertaken with advantage, and the spade
might reveal and explain many features now unintelligible.
Together with the lordship of Shilbottle, Guyzance was obtained by
William de Hilton in about 1198 through his marriage with Beneta, or
Bona, daughter of German Tison, who was grandson of Richard Tison.
In the year 1202 the nuns of Gisnes had pasture for their cattle in
Hazon.' On the 13th of January, 1 218/9, an agreement was made in
the king's court at Newcastle by which Alexander, son of William
[de Hilton], acknowledged half a carucate of land in Gines to be the
right of Bartholomew the abbot and the canons of Alnwick, and the nuns
South Side of Chancel.
Vol. V.
See supra, 261 n.
61
480 CHATKI-RY OF RRAINSHAUGH.
of Gines, who were in the keeping of the said abbot, and he warranted
the said land to them to be held in frank alnioigne : in return for this
warranty the abbot qnit-clainied to Alexander and his heirs the lands in
Gines which he held in pledge : Agnes de Hilton quit-claimed to the
abbot and canons her right of dower in the said half carucate of land.'
At INIichaelnias, 1240, there was an agreement' made before the king's
justices at Newcastle, between the abbot and convent of Newminster, who
possessed Sturton (irange, and Alexander de Hilton, respecting land and
wood within the following boundaries :
From Milneden by an old dike to Colepeteburn, and from Colcpeteburn descending to the footpath
called Gysinvod, and by that footpath ascending from Colepeteburn to the summit of the wood {tid horam
bosci), and so by the summit of the wood to the way that leads under Hawthorneley, and thence to the other
Hawthorneley, and next by Greteley to Lcmetley, and from Lemetley towards the north east to Aheburn.
It was agreed between the parties that the lands within the following
boundaries belonged to the convent :
From the east side towards the abbot's grange of Stratton, viz., as the dyke which is called IJrie dich
on the west side of VVyteley's ascends from Koket towards the north to a certain balk (viridem divisam),
and by that balk as it is wont to be, and as stones are placed on either side to Merethorn, and from
Merethorn towards the north across the meadow by heaps of stones and so by a certain sike to
Hiinthakesdcn ; and from Hunthakesden by heaps of stones by the sike which descends from Milneden,
and so to Milneden ; and thence by the boundary between the monks and Hugh de Haysand as the dyke
descends to Colepetheburn, and so descending by Colepetheburn to a cross in the bottom (unam crticem
sitam in profunda), and from that cross as the dyke which Alexander erected extends itself to Alrcburne.
The abbot acknowledged that the land and wood outside and to the
west of the said boundaries belonged to Hilton's manors of Shilbottle and
Guyzance.
Sir Alexander de Hilton died soon afterwards, and was succeeded bv
his son Kobert, who is stated in the V'esfa de Nevill to have held Gynis and
other places of the barony of Vescy.^ Robert de Hilton in 1261 brought an
action against the abbot of Alnwick to compel him to keep the agreement
made by his predecessor, Patrick,' abbot of Alnwick, with his (Hilton's) great
grandfather William Tison concerning the advowson of the priory of the nuns
of Gynes. The abbot did not appear, and the sheriff was ordered to produce
him at the Hilary term ensuing.'*
' Feet of Fines, Northumberland, Henry III.
' Newminster Chartulary, Fowler, p. 202. Surtees Soc. No. 66.
' Hodgson, Northumbcrliind, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 209.
' .A.bbot Patrick's name does not appear in the incomplete list of abbots. Tate, Almvick, ii. p. 18.
' De Banco Roll, 45 and 46 Hen. III. Mich. term. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, p. 45.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAT'GH. 48 I
In an extent taken at Shilbottle on the Saturday after the loth of
August, 1267, of the lands formerly held bv Robert de Hilton, it is stated
that there were in demesne at Gysenns i6 acres, worth, at 8d. an acre,
I OS. 8d.; four bondmen, each holding 24 acres of land and paying yearly
1 mark, and by works I2d., 57s.; two bondmen, who held by turns
(ad invicem) 48 acres, and paid yearly 28s.; four cottars, each of whom
held 4 acres, and paid 3s. 4d., 13s. 4d., and their works 4d. A certain
Ralph held a cottage and paid 2s. 4d. Henry the smith held 4 acres and
paid 2s. 6d. Germanus held at farm 2 acres and paid is. The brewery
rent yielded 4s. There seems to have been a free tenant, William de Aula,
who held 2 acres of land by inheritance and paid 4s. a year. Hazon is also
set out in this document, under the head of Guvzance, and it is stated that
Hugh de Haysand held that vill bv inheritance, with a moiety of Normanley,
and for all services paid 13s. 4d. for the ward of Alnwick castle. The total
value of Guvzance (with Hazon) was £(:> igs. lod.^
By an agreement made at York on the 15th of September, 1268, Sir
Robert de Hilton covenanted to pay 1,000 marks to Robert de Brus, junior,
for the redemption of his lands which had been granted to- Sir Robert de
Brus by the king, on Sir Robert de Hilton's forfeiture incurred in the time of
the disturbance of the kingdom. For greater security Hilton demised
to Brus among other places the issues of the manor of Shilbottle, and the
hamlet of Gines pertaining to the same, but reserved to himself the capital
messuage of the manor with the woods, meadow, and pasture grounds."
In the Lincoln Taxation (1291) amongst the temporalities there is
' Priorissa de Gwysnes ' Ixx'' 14'^^
Gysings Subsidy Roll, 1296.
Summa bonorum Robert! de Hilton ... ... 2 ii
„ Dyonis viduae ... ... o 19
,. Aliciae viduae ... ... ... i o
„ Walter! Waynman ... ... o 15 8
,, Arnald! o 17 10
Summa hujus villae, ^6 4s. 4d. Unde domino regi, lis. 3|d.
In 1 306- 1 307 Edward I. confirmed to the abbot and convent of
Alnwick, common of pasture on Edlingham Moor for all their cattle, as
well those of the house of Gysnes as of the house of Alnwick.*
' Inq.p.m. 51 Hen. III. No. 43.
'^ Pat. Roll, 52 Hen. III. m. 6, dorso. Cal. Doc. Rel. Scotland, liain, i. p. 493.
' Tanner, Notitia. Dugdale, Monasticon, ed. 1S46, v!!!. p. 1622.
' Dugdale, Monasticon, viii. p. 1622. Cf. Tate, Alnwick, ii. p. 4.
d.
s.
d.
0
unde regi
7^
9
j>
lo| {sic)
I
)i
10 {sic)
8
)i
5i
[O
))
7i
482 CHAPEI-RY OF nRAINSH.M'GH.
There was a suit in 1308- 1309 brought by William le cutiller of Chester
and Christiana his wife, and Isabella, sister of the same Christiana, against
John de Alensheles concerning 48 acres of land in Gysnes ;' and in 1313
the prioress of Gysnes was assessed at 4s. ii^d. for the fifteenth granted
to the king bv the clergy."
(;ysens Subsidy Koi.i., 1336.
Johannes dc Alaynsheles, 2s. Sd. ; Rogerus filius Waheri, is. Sd. ; Rogcrus bcrcarius, 3s. ; Johannes
molendinarius, is. 3d.
By an agreement made at Warkworth on the 10th of January, 1356, Sir
Robert de Hilton obtained permission from Sir Henry Percy to make a stank
and weir for his fulling mill at Guyzance over against Owirlecharr, the modern
Whirlevshaws, for which privilege he was to pay a yearly rent of 6s. 8d.'*
Following the fortunes of the lordship of Shilbottle, Guyzance passed
from the Hiltons to the Percies, and as one of the forfeited estates of Henry,
earl of Northumberland, it was in 1462 granted to Robert, Lord Ogle,* but
was reacquired by the Percies before the year 1472.
At a court held at Shilbottle on the Thursday after the ist of November,
1474, there were chosen to be jurors of the Grand Inquest of Gisyns, Roger
Yong, Richard Ja.\son, George praepositus, John Broket, Richard Clerk,
John Lyon, Robert Milner, Ralf Sharp, Thomas Hudson, Robert Watson,
Thomas Androson, Edward Broket. Eight persons were presented and were
fined for permitting their pigs to rut in the wood at Gysins. Thomas
' Patent Roll, 131, 2 Edw. II. pt. 2, m. 24, in dorso. Duke of Northumberland's Transcript, pp. 29-30.
- Bishop Kcltaice's Register, ii. p. 960. Among the writs issued I Edw. III. relating to lands of alien
priories which the king had taken into his hands was one endorsed 'Abbatissa de Gynes in Artois.'
Dugdale, Monasticon, ed. 1846, viii. p. 1622.
' ' Haec carta indentata testatur quod dominus Henricus de Percy dominus de Werkeworth' concessit
pro se heredibus et assignatis suis domino Roberto de Hilton' filio primogenito domini Ale.xandri de
Hilton' domino de Gysynes licenciani tenere construere et facere quoddam stangnum ultra aquam de
Coket a terra praedicti domini Roberti de Hiltoun de Gysynes usque terram praedicti domini Henrici
de Percy de Aklyngton" subtus Qwirlecharr' et illud stagnum firmare et manu tenere super terram
praedicti domini Henrici pro duccione aquae usque ad molendinum fullonicum praedicti domini
Roberti de Hilton' de Gysyns. Habendum et tenendum dictum stagnum et illud reparandum et super
terram praedicti domini Henrici ut praedictum est firmandum et manu tenendum sibi heredibus et
assignatis suis sine contradiccionc dicti domini Henrici heredum et assignatorum suorum inperpetuum.
Reddendo inde annuatim dicto domino Henrico heredibus sive assignatis suis sex solidos octo denarios
ad terminos Pentecostes et Sancti Martini in yeme per equales porciones, primo termino solucionis dicti
redditus incipiente ad festuni Pentecostes proximum post datam praesencium. Et dictus dominus
Robertus concedit pro se heredibus et assignatis suis quod si contingat praedictum redditum sex
solidorum octo denariorum aictro fore non solutum ad aliquem terminum praedictum quod absit quod
bene licebit praedicto domino Henrico heredibus et assignatis suis in praedicto molendino fullonico
distringere et districcioncs detinere quousque de praedicto redditu sibi ])lenarie fuerit satisfactum. In
cujus rei testimonium partibus hujiis cartac indentatae sigilla praedictorum domini Henrici de Percy et
domini Roberti de Hilton' alternatim sunt appensa. Hiis testibus, domino Gerardo de Wydrington',
domino Thoma Gray, domino Willclmo Heroun, militibus, Johanne de Coupland, Johanne de Clifford,
Roberto du Tughalc et multis aliis. Data apud Werkeworth' x die Januarii, anno domini millesimo,
ccclvi.' Percy Chartulary, fol. 128.
* Patent Roll, 495, i Edw. IV. p. 14, m. 16; also Cal. Put. Rolls, i Edw. IV. p. 113.
CHArEI.RY OF KRAINSHArOH 483
Androson was elected to be grieve for the ensuing year, and Roger Vong,
Robert Miiner, Thomas Hudson, and Robert Watson were elected to be
jurors. At a court held on the 27th of January following, three years' leases
of their respective holdings were granted to Thomas Hudson, Thomas
Androson, Thomas Urpeth (two holdings), John Brocket, Robert Miiner,
and Thomas Urpeth/
On the 15th of June, 1480, John Brokett and others of Gysyns were
amerced 2d. each for 'vert cut within the demesne,' Agnes Berker of Gysyns
was amerced 4d. for quarrelling with her neighbours ; and William Miiner
and Thomas Dawson were amerced 6d. for cutting a branch off an ash tree
at Gvsyns. John Brokett was charged with an affray made against John
Esshott, late master of Branssehalgh, but the charge was respited. John
Atkinson was charged with making an affrav upon Joan, daughter of John
Kempe, William Swan for making a rescue of beasts impounded by Henry
Trollope's servant, and Thomas I3awson for assaulting and drawing blood
from Richard Garrett. John Brokett recovered damages from William
Miiner for three bolls of oats, a kenning of wheat and a kenning of rye
destroyed by Milner's goats in the Whit-knolles and Westfield. The tenants
were ordered to repair the water course, and to make a ditch between the
corn and the fallow within nine days, and penalties were enacted for such
offences as driving or leading beasts, without a halter, through the corn to the
fallow, and for night lairs ; it was forbidden to turn pigs into the Westfield."
At Michaelmas, 1480, the grieve^ of Guyzance accounted for the free
rent of Robert Halmerket for three husbandlands id., for the rents and farm
of the vill ^5 7s., and for the farm of the corn mill let to Thomas Urpeth
£\ 6s. 8d., making a total of ^6 13s. gd.^ In i486 John Heron of Bocken-
field held the corn mill by lease at the rent of 26s. 8d.,^ and in the same
year there were obtained from Ormlee wood three great trees for the lord's
great granary at Warkworth, and nine waggon loads of underwood, with a
great tree, for the fish pond at Warkworth."
' Shilbottle Court Rolls. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. -' Ibid.
' The following list of grieves of Guyzance is compiled from the Bailiffs' Accounts remaining amongst
the Duke of Northumberland's MSS.: 1471-1472, Robert Miiner; 1479-1480, William .Smyth ; 14S2-14S3,
John Lyone ; 1485- 1486, Thomas Andrewson ; 1486-1487, John Brokette ; 1488-1489, John Lyon ; 1502-
1503, John -Syngleton ; 1505-1506, Thomas Andreson ; 150S-1509, Thomas Redysman ; 1518-1519, John
Shyngilton ; 1522-1523, Thomas l.ynton ; 1523-1524, Thomas Anderson; 1525-1526, John Singleton;
152S-1529, Thomas Anderson; 1531-1532, Jolin Singleton; 1532-1533, George Mylner ; 1533-1534,
John Redisman ; 1536-1537, Thomas Anderson; 1537-1538, Thomas Anderson; 1538-1539, Georg
Mylner; 1539-1540, William Crawster ; 1540-1541, Thomas .Anderson; 1561-1562, Roger Gray;
1584-15S5, John Reed ; 15S8-1589, George Miller; 1601-1602, Robert Lysley, gent.
' Bailiffs' Accounts. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ' Ibid. " Ibid.
484
CHAPF.I.RY OF RRAINSHArOH.
In 1498 the prior of Brenkborn and the abbot of Ahiwick were the onlv
free tenants in Guysyns, the former held three husbandlands by fealty, suit of
court, and the yearly rent of id. ; the latter held a toft, a croft, one husband-
land, and 3 acres of arable land in perpetual alms and paid nothinc;.'
Survey of Guysyns,
1498.
Yearly
Yearly
Rent
Rent
payable at
payable at
Tenants at Will.
Holding,
Martinmas
and
Whitsun-
Cottages.
Martinmas
and
Whitsun-
Pledges.
tide.
tide.
Husband-
lands.
John Syng;Icton
ik
I2S.
—
— .
John Brokett and Thomas .A.ndroson.
Robert iMilner
iJ
I2S.
I
2S.
John Brokett and Robert Crawcester.
Rolrcrt Crawcester
il
125.
I
28.
Robert Milncr and John Brokett.
John lirokctt
I J
i6s.
ii
3s.
Robert Milnerand Robert Crawcester.
Thomas liedysman
li
I2S.
—
John ]5rokett and Roljcrt Crawcester.
and William Lyon
Thomas Androson
li
I2S.
I
2S.
John Brokett and Robert Milner.
Edward Brokett ...
I
Ss.
I
2S.
Thomas Androson and John Syngleton.
Omnes isti tenentes praedicti ceperunt de domino simul cum teninis suis imum boscum ibidem
vocatum Ormesidwode et reddunt per annum ad eosdem terminos per plcgium alter altcrius, 12s.
James Katerall holds the corn mill at 26s. 8d.
Sum of all the said rents and farms, ^6 13s. gd.
At Michaelmas, 1526, the sum of 6s. 8d. was allowed to Richard Elder,
canon, the farmer of the mill for the repairs thereof," and eight years after-
wards the tenants of the vill were allowed for carting si.\ waggon loads of
timber from Ormley to Sunderland park for the purpose of repairing the park
palings, at the rate of 5d. a load.'
Gesinge Muster Roll, 1538.'
Rye. Stcll, able with horse and harnes ; John Lyone, Robt. Syngylton, Matthoo Atkinson, John
Andeison, John Gybson, able, wantyng horse and harnes.
It is unknown at what period the priory of nuns was converted into the
parochial curacv to which John Lilburn was presented in 1534.
To all the faithful in Christ to whom this present writing shall come, William, abbot of the monastery
of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Alnewyke and the convent of the same place, salvation everlasting in the
Lord. The zeal of the religious life and honesty of tlie manners and other the laudable merits, probity,
and virtue of our beloved brother John Lylbourne, canon of our monastery, the Order of Premonstratensians
in our said monastery of Alnewyke expressly possessed, do induce us that we prosecute with special favor
the said John Lilburne our co-brother ; hence it is that we the aforesaid .abbot and convent with our
' Cartington's Rental, 14 and 15 Hen. \TI. Duke nf Norlhuuibcrlinui's MSS.
- Bailiffs' Accounts. Diilu- of Northumberland's MSS. '■' I bill. ^ Arch. Ad. 4to series, iv. p. 163.
CHAPEI.RY OF BRAINSHAUGH. 485
unanimous assent and consent do give and grant and by tenor of these presents confirm to the said John
Lilborne, the principal mastership or curacy of Braineshaugh in the diocese of Durham now vacant and
to our donation and grant in full right belonging with all and singular tythcs, fruits, profits, oblations,
rights, mills, emoluments, profits, rents, farms, commodities, advantages, and also with all and singular
lands and tenements, feedings, pastures, ways, paths, commons, ponds, woods, underwoods, and every
other the appurtenances, during his whole natural life; so nevertheless that it shall not be lawful for the
said John our co-brother during his natural life to make to any secular or religious person any resignation
or exchange of the same. C.iven by these presents sealed with our common or conventual seal, at our
monastery aforesaid in our Chapter house, etc., 10 Aug., 1534.'
In 1540 Lilburii was in possession of 'one tenement with one little
chapel, situate and being in Brenchaw, witii all the lands, meadows, and
pastures called the demesne lands to the said tenement and chapell belonging
and pertaining.' They were worth ^,8 a year.' On the 26th of October of
the same year John Lylburne, master of Branshowghe, demised to Edmund
Strothyre of Alnwick, a tenement with a garden and appurtenances situated
in Clayport, Alnwick, reserving the yearly rent of 2s.'
On the 25th of March, 1553, Edward VI. on consideration of the
payment of a certain sum of money granted to Bertram Anderson of
Newcastle, a messuage and tenement with the appurtenances in Gysyns,
6~ acres of arable land, half an acre ot meadow, etc., also in Gysyns, with
common of pasture in Haysand Lee, all of which were then or had lately
been in the occupation of Thomas Grene ; also a messuage or tenement in
Gysyns in the occupation of William Maxon, with similar parcels of land,
all of which formerly belonged to the monastery of Brenkeborne, to hold
as of the manor of East Greenwich by fealty and in free socage.^
When the survey of the Percy estates was made by Clarkson about
the year 1567, George Carr, son of William Carr of Whitton, held two
messuages, 20 acres of arable land, 2 acres of meadow, and 6 acres of
pasture, late belonging to the monastery of Brenkebourne, for which he
rendered suit of court and paid a free rent of id. Henry Heron, as tenant
of the Crown, held 9 acres of arable land, i rood of meadow, and i acre of
pasture, and also two cottages with small portions of land attached, all of
which were parcel of the lands of the suppressed cell of Brainshaugh. The
heirs of Edward (sic) Bednell held a tenement called Barnhill with certain
adjacent lands, formerly in the possession of the monastery of Brenkborne (stc)
' Ministers' Accounts. The account of -Sir Cuthbert Ratcliffe, knight, from Michaelmas, 1539, to
Michaelmas, 1540. Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, D, pp. 186-187. ''Ibid. p. 179.
^ The witnesses to the lease were Parsivell Gallon, bailitif, John Dawsonne, Uswald Stanncrs, James
Scott, and John Neylsone. Original deed in the Woodman Collection, belonging to the Newcastle Soc.
of Antiquaries. ' Pat. Rolls, 853, 7 Edw. VI. pt. 3, m. 5.
486
CHAPELRY OF HRAINSHAUGH.
by fealty and suit of court. There were also six tenants, each of whom
held a tenement or husbandland, and one tenant who held a husbandland and
a half; the Coolt Kyalle was held by four tenants jointly, and the mill was
held by Henry Heron as sub-tenant of John (?) Lisle.
Survey of Guyzance
, circa
1567
o n
Holding
S9
CA
comprising
Tenants.
Former Tenants.
sl
Crofts.
ra
Arabic,
Rent.
Fine.
i.S
0
Meadow, and
0
Pasture Land.
A.
R. P.
A. R. P.
£
s.
d.
£ s. d.
Robert Sin<flclon
John .Singleton
2
2 o
—
19 0 0
0
I 2
0
I 16 0
George Miller
John Miller ...
2
2 0
—
20 0 0
0
12
0
I 16 0
John Brockett
John Brockett
I*
3
o o
4
26 0 0
0
19
0
3 16 0
Roger Gray
—
I
2 O
22 0 0
0
14
0
280
John Rede and John Hcrden
John Rede ...
0
3 0
—
19 0 0
0
12
0
I 16 0
John Anderson
John Berker ...
I
2 O
—
2100
0
14
0
2 16 0
John Gibson
Thomas Wayn-
man
I
->
O 20
—
15 I 0
0
10
0
I 10 0
John Miller
—
—
o
3 o
I
300
0
2
0
080
Thomas Lyon held a toft and
—
—
—
--
—
—
croft comprising 2 acres
Henry Heron held the mill
—
—
—
—
—
I
0
0
—
by indenture from Richard
Lisle
All the tenants for Ormle ...
—
—
—
—
—
0
12
0
I 16 0
John Gibson and John Herden
—
—
—
—
—
0
0
8
—
held 6 sellions next New-
steyll
George Mylner, John Myller,
—
—
—
—
—
0
2
0
—
John Rede, and John
Brokett for the Coolt
Sun
1 of Rents
6
9
9
Ryalle
Within the circuit of the said bounder and joynyng upon the sowth side of Guisnes is one tenement
with one gardyng and thre several closses or parcells of grounde lying all togithers, one upon another,
wherof one is called the Whitt leases ; it conteaneth . . * . . acres of arable grounde ; the second,
called the Banke and Staynge leases, which contenyth in itselfe . . •■ . . acres of grounde ; the
thred is a pasture grounde lying upon the water Coquet called Morke Hawghe ; it contenyth in itselve
. .'■'.. acres of grounde, which parcell of grounde called Morkhawghe of lait tyme was exchaynged
and gevyn to Brayns-haugh for one parcell of grounde then full of good wood, viz., ocke tres, called
Braidle nowe parcell of Guisance ; and ther perteyneth also to the said tenement of Barnhyll another
small paicell of grounde with a little wood conteyning 5 acres of pasture ground, by woodland measure,
called the Newghe-dycke lying betwy.xt the said parcell of grounde called Braidle and one parcell of
grounde called the Buke bushe peace.
This tenement, with the appurtenances, was laitlye apperteyninge to the house of Brayneshawghe as
parcell of the same and laitly sold by the abbott of the lait disolved monasterye of Alnewyke to one
George Bednell, lait of the townc of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, merchant, and now the inheritance of Robert
Beadnell. It wer requisite the same should be purchased by my lord or his heirs for that it lieth nyghe
the parke of Aclyngton and in the mydle of his lordship's inheritance ; the bounder thereof is as
followeth, viz. :
Beginnyng at the east yeatt which ys in th' easte end of Guysnes alonge and abowte the Barnhill
dicke to one parcell of grounde called Bindlee, downe the same dicke to ye water of Coquet, up the
•■' Blank in manuscript.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAIJGH. 487
water of Coquet to ye head of Kirspewell hawghe' and then along the Barnchyll dicke to the I'lanihill
howse, from thens along Guysance croft dicke to the east yeate wher we did bcgyne.
And within the sayd circuyte of the said bounder to the weslard of the towne of Guysnes is scituate
one chapell with certaine other good buyldings unto the said chapell apperteining called Brayn-
shawgh, which chapell was founded by . . - . . then lord of Shilbottell, Guisans, and other
townes, which afterwarde was the inheritance of the Baron Hilton by niariadge of the dowghtcr
and soylle heire of the forsaid ..■■■.. lord then of Shilbotle and other (he premisses. It was
first a nonrye and after chanones, at the last browght to the Master and his Fellowe, who then was
accomptant to the monasterye of Alncwyke of all the yssues and proficyts, which yearly did encrease
above the fyndynge of the sayd Master and Fellowe and ther famyllye then lord of Aclyngton,
did graunt that parcell of grounde wherin the scite of the said chapell and other buildynge standith to the
abbot and convent of the said lait dissolved monasterye of Alnewyke, for the same was parcell of Aclyng-
ton, in the old Ynglisse tonge called Brainshawghc. All the other lands, meadowes, and pastures thcrunto
adjoyning was gevyn by the said . . * . . lord of Shilbottle to the mayntennce of the said religious
persons in pitram clcmosinam as by the register book of the same at length is declared with all other
parcells of land appteyninge to the said house of Brainshawghe lyin without this bounder folowyng and
in other places as heirafter shal be declared.
Begyning at the water of Coquet at the south-east corner of the dicke of Midlewood one the northe
syde of Aclington parke at the head of the Marche-hagge, which is a parcell of ground laitly pertaining
to the town of Acton, and gevyn by the lord of Acton to the house of Brainshawghe in maner and form
aforesaid, from thence a dicke called Braynshawghe dicke invyroneth all the ground as well arable,
pasture as meadow therunto adjoyning and belonging, saving such certain parcell of ground as heirafter
shalbe mentioned, unto the water of Coquet.
It is scituat upon the water Coquet nighe Aclyngton parke, with two gardyngs besyde the church
yard. The kirk is leadit. Ther is two closes adjoynyng unto the said gardyngs called the Lee closes,
conteyning . . ''■' . . acres of ground, over and besyde thre certayne parcell of arable ground
containing . . * . . acres, which ar all ditched with one quickwod dicke, with another parcell of
pasture grounde joynyng upon Guisnes loning called Morelee, which containeth ..'■■'.. acres,
wherein standith a clock (?) mylne in good reparations called Braynshawghe mylne.
Ther is a close which is parcell of Haisand, and adjoynyng to the said ground called Chathenlce
closse, and also it perteineth to Braynshawghe; it contenyth ..=•■.. acres; and ther is also
within the bounder of Braynshawghe and parcell of the same, contening . . ='• . . acres, called
Shell close ; it is a pasture ground well dicked with a quyckwood hedge ; and there is one cottaidge
lyenge in Whittell, which is rented at vj» viij'' per annum, and one cottaige in Haisand per annum
iiij% another cottaidge in Brodderwyk per annum viiij', all which ar also parcell of Braynshawghe ;
over and besydes one close in Hesand feild called the Nunne close, per annum ii' ; as also the
tenement and toft with ther appurtenance in Guysance per annum ..*.., as heirafter in the
title of the towne of Guysance more at large it doith appearc.
The inhabitants of the towne of Guysnes and Barnhill do pay all their teithes to Braynshavvgh, the
teith corne of Guysance onely e.xcepted which is of the yerly value of ..'■... They ought to
go to no other church then to the chapell of Braynshawghe, for it is the parice churche in the which
owght to be devyn service of God mynistered thre days in the weeke ; they ought onely to cristyne and
babtisme the children at Shilbotle only, and now the said inhabitants have no service at the said chapell
of Braynshawghe but at Easter onely, so that in lait days as well as in the ancient tyme ther was the
Master and his Fellowe with others that used to do solempe service as is before recited, nowe is ther not
one preast either to singe or saye anything, which wold, by my lord's helpe, be amendit.
S' John Foster haith the said chapell of Brayneshawg'he with all the spiritualllyes therunto belonging
as also the temporalities of the queue's majesty by lease. Yf the fermer therof, or such as shall dwell in
it, be not my lord's freand they will be greate kyllers of his lordship's deare, for they are allwayes pasturmg
within the feild and grounde ther as also in the feild of Barnhyll.
' These dykes are still to be traced and at this point there is still a well and spring of fine pure watei- ;
the adjoining field is called the 'Spout-well haugh.' Ex inf. Mr. George Tate. " Blank m manuscript.
Vol. v. 62
488 CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
The said cootricll is a certaine auncyent custome which the said tennants haith used for the full
payment of the rent of the towne withowt having any howse steadc theirunto apperteyning, for the
tennants that paith tl\e said rents doith keape in ever)- pasture one beast, viz., in the conion pasture one
beast and in the severall pasture one beast, tliey have also the xvj rigge in every new rifte which is to be
maid arable and which before was Ice or pasture ground, they have also in the north quarter of the feild
only in any comon dayll of meadow as it falleth every xvi coylle of haye, and if thcr be comon daylle of
medowe in the said quarter then they have no parte of the said xvi"' coylle of haye.
The sayd tenants are styntcd by ther rent, for they do keape as well in the several as in the comon
pasture, for xii'', one beast, and for every plowghe two hores or maires . . •'= . . sheape . . * . .
swyne
There was a parcel of ground called Ormlee 'lyinge betwyxt two burnes
nighe the west ende of the towne ' on which many good oaks had formerly
grown. It was cultivated by the lord's tenants and ' cottyngers,' and also by
the tenants of the freeholders, though the right of the latter was challenged.
The surveyor recommended that the ground should again be laid to pasture
to be occupied by the lord's tenants, and that the freeholders' tenants should
be compensated by sums of money.
The inhabitants of Guisans is thraw ne and bound to grynde at Guysans niylne and to be multerid at
the xvi"' come ; the freeholders' tenants owyth no other suite nor servyce to the said mylne but gryndyng
ther only. The lord's tenants, viz., such as holdeth the husbandlands, doe leade one of the mylne stones
and for every husbandlande which they have in occupation they maike viii foott of the mill damme when
it neadith ; they also maintaine one of the syd walles of the mylne and the tenants of Whittle the east
gavyll, the mylne keapith the water thight above the hirst, and Shilbotle buyldith and mayntaineth the
rest of the said howse, the mylne leadith all the greate timbre and Shilbotle leadyth the other mylne
stone as oft as nead requires.
The tenants of Whittle were bound in like manner to grind their corn at
Guyzance mill and to repair the east gable of the mill house.
This towne of Guisans is a very poore towne by reasons the tenants haith been much vexed by the
said Richard Lisle, but especially the arable lande so unequally dividit among them and fane frome ther
laboure, ther pasture grounde lyeng so farre from the towne, bounderit upon all parts with other townes
which do contenuellie pasture therein with ther cattell taiketh the profecuyt thereof, as also cutteth downe
the wood at ther pleasure.
The towne of Hasandc haith only bytt of mowthe with ther cattell and comon of pasture in the said
comon pasture of (luysans, called (iuysans Lee, and now of lait by sufferance casteth turves and divett
upon the said grounde, cuttith downe such wood as groweth in the burnes ther in so muche they nowe
chalendge the same grounde to be parcell of Haisand wher of ryght they have but comon and pasture in
the same.
It wer much requisite that this towne of Guisance wer devidit, and that one parte thereof wer sett at
or nighe the west parte of the said comon called Guisans Lee, levyng such portion of the same to the
towne of Hasand as might satisfye for ther pasture which they ought to have therein, and laye the rest of
the said pasture grounde to the said tenements which is to be buyldit ther according to the quantitie
thereof, then should such tenants as did fall for to remayne in towne have all ther grounde nighe and abowt
them taikyng the full profett therof, and also the other tenants which had the said pasture grounde allotted
unto them should have ther profetts abowt them, and the scitte of ther tenements to stande as well as the
other for all proficuyts, then should tiie tennants have all the proficuyts of ther grounde to ther selve and so
in breaff or shorte tyme become welthie, and above this it wer a very gret strengthe to all those persons
that did dwell betwyxt them and the sea.
CHAPEI.RY OF BRAINSHAUGH. 489
Ric. Steyle, fermer to S' Jo. Lylborne of a cotage with certen lands belonging to Braynshawghe, gave
unto the towne of Guyzens the tythe haye and tythe lynte in consyderacone yt he might have iiii caltell
gate in Ormesyde wood, and it was agreed betwene Steyle and ye tennants yt so long as he had the said
iiii cattelll gate in the sayd wood they should have the sayd tythe haye and linte. And nowe the tythe haye
and linte is taken from the said tennants of (iuyzens, and nevertheless the tennants to Braynshawghe hath
the iiii cattell still in the same pasture called Ormesyde wood to ther great noyaunc.
The division might have been accompHshed at the time the former survey
was made, for at that time Thomas Lisle's lease of Hazon was by forfeiture
in the lord's hands; but ' now the said lease is in the hands of Thomas Lisle
agayne by such helpe of frends as he maide to his lordship.'
This devision wer no lese requisite then the townc not dcvidit is hurtfuU to the tennants and one
imbasylment of his lordship's inheritance and decaye of his woods with greate losse of service ; it shalbe
done with small chardges to the tenants, a securite to them all, and no lesse comodite to the lord.
These tenants be of greate disorder as well as ther neyghbourlye doyng as havynge nealher horse nor
armoure for the sarvice of my lord they wold be called upon for amendit of all such disorders which ar
among them, the baylye to se orders perfourmed, and if he be disobeyed, then the constable of the
lordship of Warkworth to se refourmation therin.
George Care beinge his lordship's officer and servant ha\yng two tenements with thre husbaniUands
appertenyng to them in the towne of Guisans, which was laitly the possession of the dissolved munaslerye
of Brenkborne, as also the holle teithe corn and shaires of the said towne of Guisans, all which his father
bowght and purchased of the prence, the same tenements with the said appurtenance, yf all things wer
considerit, it wer much expedient they should by his lorcship be purchased for sundrye good occasions
which is at this tyme good to be heire mentioned, the causes before recited as also other at this present to
much evident, will maike the same to be easily obtained.
Wher as ther is not so much plentye of salmon fishe taikyng in Coquet water by my lord's fermor of
the same as heirtoforehaith bene, as well to the hyndrance of his lordship's rent as the impoverisshyng of
his lordship's said fermors, the hurte to the comon wellhe of the countre, and is thoughte that the salmon
frye which ar takyng with netts and other ingines in the mylne dames and seames of such mylnes as ar
buyldid upon the said water Coquet and also the keopper salmon which ar yearly slayne agaynst the
meanynge of the estatute and comen welthe of the centre in the said water of Coquet it wer very
expedient such direct order to be taikyng furtwith and also straitly loked to and keapid that no manner
of persone dwellyng within the precincts of the said bounder of Guisans or the towns ther unto adjoyninge
should from hence fourth attempt any such disorder or misdemeanor, and yf they did or suffred, permittyd
or procured, to be done, then to suffer such indelayed punishment as should be a satisfaction to the parties
grevyd and example to others for doyng the like offence. And the officer ether beyng oblivious in
executyng his lordship's comaundment or, for favoure, execute no condigne punishment for the offence
comitted, to be his selve punished to the same effect as well as the comitter of the said offence. Providet
yt yt shalbe lefeull to the said inhabiters to taike salmon within the said water of Coquet in tyme when
they should be taikyng and within the precynct of ther owne grounde.
In 1585 the free tenants in Guvzance were George Carr, son of William
Carr' of Whytton, who held two messuages, 20 acres of arable land, 20 acres
of meadow, and 6 acres of pasture, ' late belonging to Brenkeborne monastery,'
' William Carr of Whitton in 1542 was one of the three officers of Rothbury Forest. Bowes' Siii'vcy.
Hodgson, NortliHinberhiiiii, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 247.
490
CHAPELRY OF RRAINSHAirC.M.
for which he paid to the lord id. per annum. The heirs of Edward Beidnell
held a tenenit nt called Barnehill and the lands adjoining, formerly belonging
to Brenkborne. Sir John Forster, knight, in right of the queen, held 9 acres
of arable land, i rood of meadow, and i acre of pasture, for which he paid
nothing to the lord ; i cottage, 3 acres of arable land, i rood of meadow,
and some pasture, for which he paid nothing to the lord ; and i cottage with
two selions of land, for which he paid nothing to the lord ; all the three
holdings were ' late parcel of the land of Bransaughe.'
Survey of Guvzance, 1585.
i
Holding
Tenants at Will.
Previous Tenants.
n
Crofts,
comprising
Arable.
Rent
Fine. 1
U1
etc.
Meadow,
0
u
<u
and Pas-
s
ture Land.
A.
R. P.
Husband-
lands.
A R. P.
£
s.
d
£
s. d.
Edward Dickenson ...
Robert Singleton
—
I 2
2 0 ' I
19 0 0
0
12
0
3
0 0
George Myller
Himself
—
I "^
20, I
20 0 0
0
12
0
3
0 0
John Brocket
Himself
—
' 3
00! li
26 0 0
I
0
0
5
0 0
Roger Gray
Hhnself
—
I I
0 0 I
22 0 0
0
14
0
3
10 0
John Rede
Himself
—
I 0
3 0
I
19 0 0
0
9
0
2
7 0
Thomas Lyon, nlins Robinson
John Anderson
I I
2 0
I
2109
0
10
0
2
10 0
John Gybson
Himself
I
I I
0 20
I
75 I 00
10
0
2
10 0
John Myller
Himself
I
— 0
3 0
—
300
0
2
0
0
10 0
Henry Graye
John Hearden...
I
—
—
—
0
3
0
0
15 0
Thomas Lyon holds i toft
—
—
2
2 0
—
0
4
0
I
0 0
with a croft previously held
by John .'\nderson
All the tenants hold jointly a
—
—
j
—
0
12
0
3
0 0
parcel of land called Ormyle
George Myller, John Myller,
—
—
—
—
—
0
2
0
0
10 0
John Rede, and John
Brockett for the ' Coiilt
Ryall '
The occupiers of a parcel of
—
—
—
—
—
—
0
0
8
0
3 4
land of 6 selions bv New
Style
Robert Hunter holds the
—
—
I
6
8
10
0 0
water corn mill with suit.
soc, multure, and water
course by 21 years' lease.
previously held by Henry
Hearon
All the tenants of the vill aay
—
—
—
—
0
S
0
n
0 0
yearly a rent called New
Rent
Summa t
Dtalis, £7
4s. 5d.
After stating that ' the manner and towne of Guysens is parcell of the
said baronye of Alnewyk scituated in Cokedale ward, v mvles south from
Alnewyk, and is parcell of the parishe churche of Braneshaugh, the soyle
thereof is good and fertyle and the tennantes fyneable,' the surveyor proceeds
CHAPEI.RY OF HKAINSHAUGH. 49 1
to say that the tenants of Guyzance paid, yearly, rent liens to the foreign
bailiff, or in case of the lord's absence, to the constable of Alnwick castle.
Ormele was occupied by the freeholders' tenants as well as by the lord's ;
the yearly rent of it was I2s/
At a muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March, 1580, Guysouns
provided two of the 28 able horsemen furnished by the lordship of Wark-
worth.' Ten years later at the Warden court,'^ held at Staweford on the
1 2th day of March, 1589/90, bills were exhibited upon Hobb Heslopp
'the crealman,' Edie Dugles, servants of the laird of Hunt-hill, Thome
Heslopp of Swinden, George Heslopp and Jordane Heslopp, servants of
the goodman of Elishewgh, for stealing six kye and oxen from Branshaugh^
in August, 1588. At the muster of Coquetdale and Redesdale wards, taken
on Aberwick-edge on the 24th day of November, 1595, Guisonns provided
five men : George Mylner appeared with petronelle, Henry Grey'' was
armed with defensive armour and a bow, Reginald Thompson was armed
with defensive armour and a spear, their horses were defective ; Jo. Reede
and Cuth. Dickenson had no horses.''
On the 1st of September, 1607, Robert Clark, writing from Alnwick,
'to his verie assured good freind Mr. George 'Whytheide attendinge th'erle
of Northum. at Towre " concerning the tenant of Guyzance mill, who
'pretended ' a lease thereof from Mr. Delaval,' says :
The lease I drewe Whyttall to take of Guysones mylne, ys lyke to be, to smalle purpose, for that
Cuthbt. Hunter who nowe possesseth the same, doth not onlye thraten the fellowe with extreame speches,
but also challengeth a lease parcelle from Mr. Cunstable, which he wyll mayntaine in the lawc and so
answeareth Whyttall.
This ys a strange coursse for so longe as the hayre runes that w'aye, yt ys in vayne for us to serve,
knoweinge not whom to please, for albeite his lordshippe's busynes here, in respect of my experience maye
be informed yow and some drawen to advance his inheritance, yet this emulacion amongst your selfes
wyll lay such stumblinge blockes in the waye, as noe man wyll tredd in that path wherby his lordshippe's
affaires are much hindered, for noe sowner ys ther anye thinge taken in hand by some of yow for his
lordshipe's service, but ther ys ane other to hynder the same, unles he be first acquaynted therwith, for
assuer yow ther ys one wylbe aut solus ant niiHiis. .And so he answeared your man for your office at
Warkworth.
1 Diilic of NorthumhcrlamVs MSS. - Cat. Border Papers, Bain, i. p. 20. ■' Ihni. p. 358.
* It is possible, however, that the place whence the cattle were stolen was Branshaw in Redesdale.
' 1596, 1st August. Will of Henry Gray of Gisons, within the parishe of Brainshaugh in the county of
Northumberland, yeoman. To be buried within my parishe churche of Brainshaugh. To John (iray,
Thomas Gray, William Gray, Elizabethe Graye, and Margerye Gray, my bredering and sisters, each a
yew sheipe. To my sone in lawe, John Brokett, a dinmonde sheipe. To my younger sonne, Thomas
Graye, a blacke whye. Residue to Robert (iraye my elder sonne, and my wyfe Augnes Gray, and
appoint them executors. Proved 1597. Durham Probate Registry.
" Cal. Border Papers, Bain, ii. p. 74. ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
492 CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
Mr. Orde and my self have wr>'tlen divers letters to yow since your departure, which I hope are come
to your handes, the last by S. George Ramsaye. Mr. Orile ys vyldlye croste for Rothbury, which I assuer
yow wyll hynder his lordshippe's affaires ther verye much : for that coursse he intended ther wold have
advanced his lordshipe's inheritance and revenewe ther greatlye for yt ys with hyni in the great man, as
with your self, for . . * . . hinc ilUu lachrimac.
My former lettres wyll informe yow what villanous purposes the townesmen of Alnewicke intendes,
onlye inferinge shadewes to cover ther intenciones (drawen one partly by Browne the lawyer, and to be
suspected) wyncked at by the great officer, but that busynes I hope ys ended ere this. Yf Browne be
oweinge his lordshipp any mony, ther ys a fytt tymc nowe to gett yt satisfied for that he hath this yeare
here come worth c''.
So muchc I thought fytt to ccrtitie yow of, by this bearer Mr. .\imercr the lord of Rockesbroughe
attendant.
By Letters patent dated 5th of June, 16 10, the king granted to John
Salter of St. Dunstan in the West, gent., and John Williams of St. Peter le
Poore, draper, in part consideration of the sum of £'j^,ooo advanced to the
E.xchequer by Sir Baptist Hicks and others, citizens of London, the site of
the tenement with a chapel, demesne lands, and water mill in Brainshawgh,
alias Branshaugh, formerly let for a yearly rent of £^ e.xtended at the
yearly value of ^4, the two tenements and cottages in Gwisinges formerly let
for a yearly rent of i8s. 8d. e.xtended at the yearly value of i8s. 8d., the
tenements and lands in Brotherwick formerly let for a yearly rent of 8s.
e.xtended at the yearly value of 8s., the tenement in Withell formerly let for
a yearly rent of 6s. 8d. extended at the yearly value of 6s. 8d., the cottage and
parcel of land in Haysand and Framlington formerly let for a yearly rent of
4s. e.xtended at the yearly value of 4s., all the premises being parcel of the
possessions of the late cell, or tenement with a chapel, in Brainshaugh, alias
Branshaugh. To hold of the king as of his manor of East Greenwich by
fealty only, in free and common socage, paying yearly for the tenement with
the chapel, demesne lands, and water mill in Brainshaugh ^4, for the premises
in Gwisings i8s. 8d., for the premises in Brotherwick 8s., for the premises
in Withell 6s. 8d., and for the premises in Haysand and Framlington 4s.'
On the 15th of February, 161 1, the small tithes of Brainshaugh under
the description of ' all the petty tithes and offerings of the vill of Gwisinges
and Berenghill, parcel of the late cell of Brainshawe, of the yearly value of
42s. 8d., late parcel of the possessions of the monastery of Alnewicke,' were
granted to Francis Morrice and Francis Phelips in part consideration for large
sums of money paid into the Exchequer by Sir Baptist Hickes and others."
' Pat. Roll, 1887, 8 Jas. I. pt. 49, m. 34. This grant was surrendered by deed enrolled dated 19th June,
161 1. Close Roll, 2085, 9 Jas. I. pt. 20, entry 15.
" Put. Roll, 1845, 8 Jas. I. pt. 7, m. 21. Cf. Tate, Alirwick, ii. p. 31. •■■■ Blank in manuscript.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH. 493
Edward, earl of Bedford, grandson of Sir John Forster, anil Lady
Lucy, his wife, sold their life estate in the chapel or tenement in Bran-
shawe, alias Brainshavve, the water mill in Alnwick, and certain tithes
to Sir Edward Apsley of Lilford, knight, and Walter Wentworth of
Cheynes, gent., who by deed dated ist May, 1607, conveyed the same to
Viscount Haddington, from whom the interests were purchased on the i8th
of March, 161 7/S, by Robert Brandling, esq., and Sir Francis Brandling, his
son and heir.'
No mention is made either of Barnhill or of the lands of the dissolved
cell of Brainshaugh in the survey of the Percy estates made in 161 8.
Brainshaugh, which had been farmed under the Crown by Sir John FoT'ster,
was, in 1615, in the possession of Robert Brandling, who rendered as a Crown
rent, or a fee-farm rent (it is not clear which) for Brainshawe £\\, for two
farms in Guisinge i8s. 8d., for lands in Brotherwick Ss., in Whithill 6s. Sd.,
and in Hazon and Framlington 4s."
The survey states that :
The niannor and towne of Guysance is parcell of the said barony of Ahiewick and scituated in
Cookedale ward, fyve miles south from Ahiewick, which is the nearest market towne unto the same. It
is parcell of the parrish of Braneshaw and the soile thereof verie good and fertile.
The lord and owner thereof hath there a water corne milne whereat the tenants of .Shilbotle,
Guysance, and Whitwell are bound to grinde their corne and graine, and gives the 1 6th multure or toUe
for the same. The said tenants are likewise bound to repayre a part of the damme and to lead the
millstones as often as need shall require."
A full description is given of the demesne lands and of the holdings of
the free and customary tenants at Guyzance. The hamlet then, as now,
consisted of two rows of houses ; in the south row there were eleven and in
the north row six houses, cottages, or garths.' There were two free tenants,
viz., Mr. Robert Brandling (formerly Sir John Forster's) who possessed a
total acreage of 44 acres 3 roods 8 perches,'"' and Mr. Robert Carr who
' Harl. MSS. 79, g, 8 and 9, Brit. Mus.
^ 1615. 'A rental of my master Mr. Robert Brandling, esquiie, his landes.' Rev. John Hodgson's
Collection. Gosforth Guard Book. ,
' Mayson's Survey. Duke oj Northumberland's MSS.
' Brandling's freehold messuage and cottages were the first, the third, and the ninlii numbered fiom
the east end of the south row, and Carr's freehold messuage was the fourth in the same row.
= Mr. Robert ' Branlyne's' estate comprised I cottage-house and croft, 2a. y. b\p.; I mcssuage-liouse
and croft, la. ir. soj'p. ; i other cottage, oa. or. 32ip. ; arable land in the east, west, and north fields,
23a. 3r. I7p. ; meadow in the east, west, and north fields, oa. 3r. i7}-"p. ; and 9I gaites in the o.\ pasture,
computed to be equal to isa. 2r. 23}gp., making a total of 44a. 3r. SiVp- This is probably represented
by the farm called Langriggs, now absorbed in the Barnhill est.Tte.
4^)4
CHAPELRY OF RRAINSHAUGH.
possessed 84 acres and 6 perches.' The demesne comprised : the water
corn mill and mill banks, let to John Henderson, 21^ acres; the Broad
Lee, let to Mr. Thomas Levvins, 33^ acres; the Calf-close, let to the
tenants of Guyzance, 8j acres ; si.x lands in the North field, let to John
Lisley, if acres ; and an arable field called Ormlee," let to the freeholders
and tenants of Guyzance, 49! acres.
The common, called the Lee, comprised 395 acres, and there was also a
parcel of common containing an area of 30^ acres, which was in question
between the tenants of Guyzance and the lord of Felton. There were six
customary tenants, one of whom held two tenements, and there was one
cottage tenant.
Survey of Guyzance, 161S.
Number of
Area of
Number of Gaites in
Tenant.
Messuage,
Meadow.
Arable.
the Ox Pasture, with their
Total.
Garth, etc.
A. R.
equivalents in acres.
A. R. P.
A. R. P.
P.
Gaites. A. R. P.
A. R. P.
John Lisley
2 messuages
I 2 If
4 2 20lf
43 0
o|
I5i = 26 0 36ig
8* = 13 3 33 -It
75 I '9A
John Reade
0 2 Illj^
I I 39 ;l
23 I
9
39 I '3^*
(is 2 5}^
John Brockclt ...
4 I 30
7 2 14
34 0
H
III = 19 I 33ig
Robert Gr.-iye ...
0 I 30] }
2 3 iSi
35 1
9{S
9* = 16 0 12,35-
54 2 31
John Harkcr
I 3 io]',>
2 3 6iTr
28 3
lOfV
9* = 16 0 I2fi,
49 I 39T'!y
Arthur Thompson
1 0 4t"6
0 2 I2i
2 2 35
2S 2
8,'iT
8f = 14 I 21^
43 2 29 ^>,
John Miller
I cottage
0 0 I2}§
3 2
7\^
If = 2 0 J7\i
6 I 10 Ij
About this period Brainshaugh was acquired by a branch of the family
of Warwick of Warwick in Cumberland. John Warwick was vicar of
Warkworth from 16 10 to 1635, ^"^ George Warwick of Warkworth, gent.,
by will dated May, 1654, gave his lands at Brainshaugh to his sister Mary
Osmotherley for her life, with remainder, on her death without issue, to
Thomas Warwick, esq., second son of the testator's cousin of Warwick hall.^
Mrs. Osmotherley was rated for Brainshaugh and a portion of Guyzance town
in 1663, and died without issue in 1678.
' Mr. Robert Carre's estate comprised 2 messuages and crofts, 2a. 3r. 28ip. ; arable land in the east,
west, and north fields, 48a. or. i6j'',.,p. ; meadow in the east, west, and north fields, 6a. ir. 7'n5p. ; and iif
gaites in the o.\ pasture, computed to be equal to 26a. 2r. 23}jjp., making a total of 84a. or. 6p. This is
probably represented by the estate now called Bank-house.
^ Ormlee was rented and held by the freeholders and tenants in tlie following proportions, omitting
fractions: John Lisley 6a. 3r. ip., John Reade 3a. or. 35p., John lirockett 4a. 2r. I2p. Robert Graye
3a. 3r. i6p., John Barker 3a. 3r. 31 p., Arthur Thompson 3a. 2r. Sp., Robert Carre 7a. or. 6p., Mr. Robert
Branlyne 2a. 2r. 26p., John Miller oa. 2r. 26p., waste ground 13a. 2r. op. ; total 49a. 31-. 6]^p.
' Lambert MSS. Mrs. Osmotherley was presented at the archdeacon's court (1659-1678) 'for detain-
ing a legacy of ^^50 left by George Warwick to the school of Warkworth, having paid neither use nor
principal ; she pleaded that she had not sufficient funds froin the testator, but that as soon as she received
them she will pay the legacy, and therefore she was absolved.' Tate, Aliiwuk, ii. p. 131.
CHAPET.RY OF URAIXSHAUGH. 49^
1678, 27th May. Will of Mary (^smondcrley of Brainshaugli, widow. To be buried in the parish
church of Warkworth as near my late husband's brother as conveniently may be. To Cuthbert iiarkcr' of
Guizon, yeoman, my trusty and faithful servant and his heirs, my tenement and farmhold at Cuizon with
all tythes in Guizon and Barnhill. To the said Cuthbert Barker and Thomas Matthews of Newcastle,
gent., and their heirs, my messuages and lands at Brainshaugh, my messuage at \Varkwf)rth, and all my
messuages at Whittell, Hayson, Long Framlington, and Brotherick, and my other property. Cuthbert
Barker sole executor. Proved 1678. Inventory ^116 is. 8d.-
Thomas Warwick' of Warwick hall, who succeeded to Brainshau<rh' in
1678 on the death of Mrs. Osmotherley, on the 2nd February, 1682, in
consideration of ;^"65o, conveyed the site of the priory, and ' all the lands,
circuit, compass and precincts of the said priory ' to Edward Cook of Amble
New-hall, who by will gave it to his fourth son William Cook. Brainshaugh'*
remained in the possession of his descendants until 18 17, when it was sold by
Thomas Cook and his trustees to Robert Lisle of Acton." It now belongs
to Mr. William Beresford Lisle.
' Cuthbert Barker conveyed the hay and petty tithes to Edward Strother of Newcastle, M.U., who on
3rd May, 1709, conveyed to Ralph Wood. On the 3rd June, 1713, Ralph Wood of Needless-hall, gent.,
conveyed to Arthur Thompson whose will is dated 8th April, 1729. By indenture dated 12th November,
1746, John Thompson of Guyzance in consideration of ^74 3s. 8d. paid to him by Robert Widdrington of
Hauxley, ^24 14s. 6d. by Robert Reed of Guyzance, ^30 i8s. 3d. paid by James Watson of Guyzance,
^21 I2s. 8d. paid by Robert Tate of Guyzance, and /18 los. iid. paid by John Burn of .Seaton house,
conveyed to them, respectively, parcels of his tithes, but especially reserved those accruing from the lands
held by himself by lease under the duke of Somerset. These fractions had all been bought in before the
year iSio by Robert Tate and his son John Tate. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. In 1710 Cuthbert
Barker of Guyzance polled for freeholds in Brainshaugh, and Arthur Thompson of Guyzance polled for a
freehold at that place; in 171 5 Arthur and Joseph Thompson, both of Guyzance, polled for Guyzance ;
in 1722 Joseph and Arthur Thompson of Guyzance polled for Guyzance, and in 1748 Robert Reed oj^
Guyzance polled for a freehold at Guyzance and Felton. Poll Books. - Durham Probate Registry.
' 1679, October : It was found that Thomas Warwick of Warwick bridge, Cumberland, esq., was next
heir of George Warwick of Warkworth, who lately died possessed of a burgage, etc. Warkworth Court
Rolls. 1684, 22nd October : ' You are to encjuire whether Thomas Warwick of Warwick hall in Cumber-
land, esq., was not lawfully seised of a burgage in Warkworth with its appurtenances adjoining upon
Thomas Young, etc., on the north, and the heirs of Henry Blake (?) on the south ; and whether the said
Thomas Warwick did not by deed bearing" date 2nd February, 1682/3, convey the same to Edward Cook
of Amble New-hall, gent., his heirs and assigns for ever, etc' Records of Courts. Duke of Nortliumbcr-
latnVs MSS. 1710, 6th October : It was found that Thomas Warwick died seised of a free burgage in
Warkworth, and that Francis Warwick was his son and next heir. Warkworth Court Rolls. In 171?,
Francis Warwick of .Shiibotlle voted for a freehold in Warkworth. Poll Book. 1718, lolh October: It
was found that Francis Warwick for a valuable consideration had conveyed his burgage to Ralph Linton
and his heirs. Warkworth Court Rolls.
In 1 7 10, 17 15, 1722, and 1748 William Cook of Brainshaugh voted for freehold land there. In 1774
Thomas Cook of Brainshaugh voted for lands in Cresswell. Poll Books.
* The estate was apparently purchased from the Brandlings. The district must at that time have
been well timbered with oak, for on the 20th April, 1645, the Tanners' company at .Mnwick purchased
bark from Brainshaw-wood of Mr. Robert Brandling and Mr. Robert Pemberton for £85. Book of
Tanners' company. Tate, Alnwick., ii. p. 338.
'^ The mansion house of Brainshaugh is about half a mile west of the chapel. It stands on the top of
a steep bank of the Newton burn, sheltered by forest trees from the west and north, and commanding a
beautiful view of the haugh and river banks to the east. It was enlarged and reconstructed in 1805.
^ When Brainshaugh was advertised, i6th December, 1816, to be sold, it was described as being a
freehold estate of 242 acres, of which 30 or 40 acres were in wood, of some thirty or forty years' growth.
Vol. V. 63
4q6
CHAPEI.RY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
Jane, daughter of Ralph Forsler
of Harllaw ; mairied iSth
July, 1697 (c) ; bond of mar-
riage, 14th May, 1697.
COOK OF BRAINSHAUGH.
William Cook of Brainshaugh, fourth son of Edward = Dorothy Read of Amble ;
Cook of Amble New-hall, baptised 23rd Aug., 1669 ; married by licence at
buried in Warkworth church, gth Aug., 174S (a); Brainshaugh, i6th April,
will dated l8th Sept., 1745 '< proved 1748 (</). 1725 (/).
Edward Cook of Brains-
haugh, baptised 30th
.-\pril, 1702 ((.) ; died s.p.
TOth, bur. 13th Oct., 1775
(a) (</) : will dated I2th
Feb., 1775 (j?).
Jane, dau. of Robert
Forster of Hartlaw ;
married her cousin,
19th Oct., 1735 (c);
buried 28th Aug.,
1 79 1 («).
Robert Cook, bap-
tised 27th July,
1704 (0.
From whom Cook
of Low Newton.
William Cook of Tweed- = Isabella, dau.
mouth, baptised 8th
Nov., 1709 (/) ; free
of the I anncrs' com-
pany, Newcastle; dead
before 1775.
of ... John-
son of Ber-
wick.
Joseph Cook of Tweed-
mouth, bapti.'ed I4ih
Maich, 171 1 (/") ;
free of the Tanners'
company, Newcastle ;
living 1 761 ; died
unmarried.
Ann. baptised 8th Aug., 1698 (c) ; mar-
ried Christopher Cook of Acklington
park ; 'mar. in ye chappell of Brains-
haugh, Jul)' 6, 1721, by licence' (/).
Jane, baptised 19th June, 1700(c); mar-
ried George I-'orster of Hartlaw. 4,
I I
Margaret, baptised 17th June, 1706 (c) ; mar-
ried firstly, 17th Jan., 1730/1, Michael
Wheatley of the parish of .Morpeth (c), and
secondly, Joseph Fenwick (/<).
Isabella, baptised 5th Jan., 1707/8 (c); mar. i6th
Nov., 1736 (<f), John Kennedy of Felton,and
died 25lh Feb., 1798, aged 86 ; M.I., Felton.
William Cook of Wark-
worth, hc-ir expectant to
Brainshaugh under the
will of his uncle Edward
Cook, upon the death
of the latter's widow ;
buried 21st July, 1782
(a); will dated 25th
June, 1782 ; proved
1782 (rf).
Thomas Cook of Brainshaugh ;
admitted free of the Tanners'
company, Newcastle, loth
Oct., 1774 (/') ; articles before
marriage, 2nd Sept., I778(^) ;
married 4th Sept., 1778 ((i) ;
for some time resided at
Morwick (i5) ; died at Monk-
wearmouth, and was buried
there 17th April, 1792 (i).
= Elizabeth, daughter = William Bever
of John Wat-
son, M.D., of
Monkwearmouth,
bv Jane Stafford,
his wife ; died
15th Nov., 1843 ;
buried at Barton,
Westmorland.
stock, clerk
in orders
[? sometime
vicar of Bil-
lingham.co.
Durham].
Isabella ; mar-
ried at Ford,
iSth Feb.,
1766, George
Marsh, clerk
in orders,
rector of
Ford.
^^
Thomas Cook of Brainshaugh, born at
Morwick, 15th Nov., 1784 ; baptised
2ist Aug., 1787 («) ; admitted free of
the Tanners' company. Newcastle, 1 2th
Oct., 1807 (/() ; sold Brainshaugh and
also his estates at Cresswell and at
Heselrigg in or before 1S18; died at
Celleron, and buried 27th Feb., 1836,
at Barton, in Westmorland, aged 51
years.
William Cookof Aln- ■
wick, wine mer-
chant, born ISth
S,ept., 1786 (li), at
Morwick, baptised
2ist Aug., 1787
(a) ; died 13th
Aug., 1819, aged
32 ; buried at Aln-
wick (;).
Elizabeth, daughter
of Anthony Lam-
bert of Alnwick,
solicitor ; born
1 8th May, 1786 ;
married iSth May,
1S09 (/O ; died
25th Aug., 1874,
aged 88 ; buried
at Alnwick (i).
Isabella, born 3rd June, 1779
{/>') ; married 3rd June,
1807 (f), Joseph Dodds of
Sturton Grange South
Side, sometime of Shores-
wood, and died July, 1855,
at Trentham, Stafford-
shire ((5). 4/
Jane ; died at Morwick ;
buried 1st July, 1791 (a).
Thomas Cook of Alnwick, solicitor, born 24th = Mary, daughter of William Hepburn of the island of St. Vin-
Oct., 1815 (^) ; died iSth Nov., 1895. cent; marriei' '
-led at Matlock, 13th Sept., 1858.
Matilda, daugh-
ter of ... Par-
sey of Chelsea ;
married 7th
Nov., 1854 (/4);
died s./>., 1S69.
William Cook of
the \Var Office,
London, born
at Bolton Wood-
hall ; bap. at
Ediingham, 5th
June, 1817 (^i).
Selina Wood-
ward ; mar-
.. ,i872((4);
died 4th
Dec , 18S9
(^) ; had
three sons.
I
Anthony John,
born 4th
Sept., 1818;
died nth
July, 1819
William Stanley Cook, born 6th May,
1873 ; sometime of Mounted Rifles,
South Africa.
I I
Francis Cook, born 2nd Nov., 1875.
Henry Cook, born 6th May, 1879.
Edward Widdrington Cook of Liverpool,
born 20th Aug., 1866.
Isabel Cicely ; married 1892
Florence Mary Stewart.
Agnes Irene; married 1887
Ml , ,
Cicely Isabella, baptised at .Alnwick, 4th
July, 1810; married at St. Peter's,
F.aton Square, London, 12th July 1849,
William P. Sellick ; of Tiverton,
Devon (i), and died s.fi. 2Ist Jan.,
1S56 (i5), at Weston-super-Mare.
Elizabeth, born I2th Oct., 1811 (//) ; died
loih Feb., 1821 (;).
Jane, born l6th Dec, 1S13 (i) ; died 13th
Oct., 1 82 1 (/).
, Adam Scott Purves of Alnwick, M.D.
Stephen B. Cottrell of Liverpool, C.E.
(a) Warkuorlh Register
(^) Family Documents.
(c) Shilnottle Register,
id) Lambert MS.
{e) Felton Register.
(^/') Ediingham Rtgislet .
{jg) Durham Probate Registry.
CO M.I., Alnwick.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH. 497
EvinENCEs TO Cook Pedigree.
1757, 26th February. 'Will of Benjamin Cook of Warkworth. I give to my niece Sarah Cook of Warkworth,
spinster, all the goods which may be about my dwelling house at Warkeworth at the time of my death. I give her the
said dwelling house for her life and an annuity of £2i, a year, to be paid out of my lands at Cresswell. I give my lands
at Cresswell, ray lands at Heslerigg in the parish of Chatton, and the lease of my farm in Fast Chevington i.'ranted by
the late Sir Henry Grey, bart., to my nephew Edward Cook of Brainshaugh, my nephew Robert Cook of Newlon-on-
the-Moor, and John Cook of Togston (whom I appoint my executors and trustees) in trust for Thomas Cook son of
my late nephew William Cook of Tweedmcuth in tail male, remainder to William Cook, lirother of the said Thomas.
I give to Edward Cook of Aleraouth, son of my late nephew Edward Cook of .Amble West hall, /'goo. To John Law-
son, son of my nephew William Lawson of Longhirst, ;^I50. To my nephew Edward Wilson of Ulijham, .,^"150.
To my nephew George Cook of the Inner Temple, ^^500. To the poor of the parish of Warkworth, /"lo. Mr. S. F.
Widdrington's Deeds.
1775, I2th February. Will of Edward Cook of Brainshaugh. To my wife Jane, all my real and personal estate
for her life and afterwards to my nephew William Cook and his heirs. I give to my nephews William and George,
sons of my sister Jane Forster ; to Roger, William, Joseph, Francis, and Edward, sons of my sister .Margaret Fenwick ;
and to William, John, and Edward, sons of my sister Isabella Kennedy, £yi apiece. I give to my said three sisters
Jane, widow of George Forster ; Margaret, wife of Mr. Joseph Fenwick ; and Isabella, widow of John Kennedy of
Felton, ;^50 a piece. Proved I775. Durham Probate Registry.
The conversion of the ancient system of town fields with a common
pasture to the present arrangement of agricultural holdings perfectly indepen-
dent of one another was in Guyzance a gradual process. In the month
of April, 1 66 1, the tenants of Guyzance addressed a petition to Potter and
Stackedwell, the earl of Northumberland's officers. They stated :
That accordinge to your worshipes' order your petitioners did gett the land of Gyson divided to the
satisfaction of every tenant in the said towne. Mr. Robert Widdringeton of Haksly, haveinge then in
possession one farme of Mrs. Osniotherlaie's, did ingage that she should performe those conditions and
submit to that division which was then made. Nevertheless the said Mrs. Osmotherly hath refused to
stand to that order, and is coined, and to our great prejudice doth injoy her part of the land in our devision
which she ought to have of Mr. Robt. Widdringeton. Therefore your petitioners doe humbly desire that
we may either have our first devision or as much land as Mrs. Osniotherlaie's farmes comes to witliin our
devision, or otherwaies that every man may have his land as it was formerly before the division. '
On the 28th of October following, the freeholders and the tenants entered
into a mutual agreement as to the proportion of rent to be paid by each for
the demesne lands known as Ormlee, Cote Ryall, New Style, etc.;" and in
an undated petition addressed to the duke of Somerset in the beginning of the
eighteenth century by Robert Lisle [of Hazon], Francis Forster [of Hartlaw],
Robert Widdrington [of Hauxley], and Joseph Thompson [of Guyzance],
freeholders in Hazon, Hartlaw, and Guyzance, it is stated ' that the common
or moor called Hazon and Guyzon Lee, by reason of its lying undivided,
is neither of advantage to your grace's tenants or your petitioners, but
I Duke of Northumberland' s MSS.
■ On the 1st December, 1702, a lease was granted to Robert Widdrington of Hauxley, gent., Robert
Birket, William Read, Robert Read, Thomas Brockett, and Arthur Thompson, all of Guyzance, yeomen,
of the parcel of waste land called Ormlee (45a. .sr. 6p.), Coat Riall (Sa. 3r. I3p.), six riggs in the North-
field near New Style (la. 31-. 7p.), to hold for the term of twenty-one years at the rent of ^2 13s. 4d. per
annum. Enrolment of Leases. Ibid.
498 CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
that tilt' same in case it was divided would be of real advantage to
both.' The desired division did not take place at that time, but on the
14th of July, 1760, articles of agreement were entered into by the earl and
countess of Northumberland, lords of the manor, John William Bacon of
Newton Cap, John Widdrington of Hauxley, and Thomas Fenwick of
Borough hall, and the award' was made on the 29th of September, 1760, by
Hugh Boagof Ravensworth and Daniel Alder of Mountain, the commissioners
appointed for the purpose. The common was found to have an area of 453
acres, of which 196 acres were awarded to the earl and countess in satisfaction
of their manorial rights and for the commonable rights attached to their lof
ancient farms ; 200 acres were given to Bacon in respect of his estate at
Hazon and Hartlaw, computed to comprise I2j ancient farms; 34 acres were
given to Widdrington in respect of his two ancient farms ; and 1 1 acres to
Fenwick in respect to his one ancient farm.' The minerals were reserved to
the earl and countess.
1783, 6th December. A true and just assessment of lands, etc., in the chapelr>' of Brainshaugh,
according to the Book of Rates for the county of Northumberland.' £ s. d.
Brainshaugh Mr. Cook 050
Barnhill, 3s. ; tithes, 3d Mr. Henry Tomling [tenant] ... 033
Guyzance corn tithes The heirs of John William Bacon
Forster, esq. ... ... ... 016
Guyzance and Barnhill petty tithes ... John Tate and others 009
Guyzance corn mill ... ... ... The duke of Northumberland ... o i
Guyzance fulling mill ... ... ... Ibid. ... ... o i
s. d.
, Mr. Tate's freehold lands, heretofore Widdrington's i 6
Mr. Fenwick's freehold lands, called Land-ridge o 7i
The duke of Northumberland's estate, viz. :
The south-east farm, Townfoot east farm, with
Guyzance a cottage and land, Henrj' Tomlin, tenant 2 3^
Town \ The north-east farm, John Tate, tenant ... 23^
Newstead farm, Ric. Graham, tenant ... o ii|
Burnhouse farm, Jas. Tate, tenant ... o 4
Ormlee, Jas. Tate and others, tenants ... o 2i
^ Cottage and garths, Thos. Wales, sen. ... o
J
o;
S 3
£1 I 3
Having traced the descent and vicissitudes of the manor and vill, the
devolution of the freehold estates may be brieflv outlined. The lands in
Guyzance, held by George Carr in 1567, and by Robert Carr in 1688 may,
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ■ Counterpart of award in the Rev. John Hodgson's ColUdion.
' No allotment was made to the owner of Brainshaugh, and the allotment given to Fenwick seems to
have been made in respect to his farm in Guyzance called Landriggs, and not for Barnhill.
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
499
with nuich probability, be identified witli tlie two tenements which were held
bv Robert Widdrington of Hauxley in 1699/ and by John Widdrington
when the common was divided in 1760. On the 14th of September, 1771,
John Widdrington of Hauxley granted to Lancelot Beal of Denwick a nine
years' lease of 34 acres, which had been awarded to him on the division of
the common, at a rent of £2^ a year,' and before the year 1783 he had sold
his estate in Guyzance to Robert Tate of the same place.' His son and
successor, John Tate, in the vear 1794 received 115 acres, comprised in
seven fields, from the duke of Northumberland, in exchange for two closes
in Guyzance, comprising 7 acres, the allotment on Guyzance West Moor,
formerly made to John Widdrington, comprising 33 acres, thirty freehold
stints or beastgates in the common pasture called Ormlee, and lor two
closes in Alnwick called Great Coopers-hill and Craiston's lands, comprising
Sir acres/ This estate, formerlv called Guyzance North-field and afterwards
Bank-house, is now the property of Mr. John Tate.
TATE OF BANK-HOUSE.
The family of Tate is stated to be descended from Tate of Laniigg in Uerwicksliire.
Anne, daughter of Robert
Barker of Guyzance,
first wife ; baptised at
Felton,4thJan., 1681/2 ;
married at Lesbury,
27th Nov., 1707 ; buried
14th Oct., 1709 («).*
John Tate of Shilbottle
Wood-house ; in 1734
and 1748 voted for a
freehold in Alnwick ;
buried 14th July, 1752 ;
(/'); will dated i6th May,
1752 (0 id).
Frances Craster, second wife ;
bond of marriage, 17th
Dec, 1 71 3; buried 8th
Nov., 1725 (/Q.
I I
F.lizabeth Wilson, third wife ;
married at Alnwick, 8th
July, 1738; named in her
husband's will.
George Tate, baptised 28th July, 1743 (/>) ; mentionedin his
father's will ; was admitted to Skinners' and Glovers' com-
pany, Alnwick in 1763.
Elizabeth, bap. 27th Sept.,. 1749 (A) ; named in her father's will.
I
John Tate of Harlow hill, baptised ■■■, =j=
■727 (/') ; to whom his father gave a
close at Alnwick, called Christan's "^
Land, and the lease of AVideopen ;
admitted to Skinners' and Glovers'
company, Alnwick, 175... ; voted
for a freehold in Alnwick in 1774 ;
will dated 7th Sept., 1778 (c).
— m ■ ' I I
Mary, baptised 12th Feb., 1714/5 (i5) ; married 27th Other
Nov., 1736, Thomas King of Sturton Grange (a) ; children
named in her father's will. si/ died in
Frances, baptised i:th .\pril, 1719 (_/>) ; married Edward infancy.
Rochester of Whittingham ; named in her father's
and brother John's wills (c).
Anne, baptised 13th .May, 173S (//) ; named in her
father's will.
* 1697, 1st Dec. : a lease of a tenement in Guyzance, then in his own occupation, was granted to Robert Barker
for a term of 21 years. It was renewed on the 20th Jan., 1717/8, for a similar term. 1730, 8th Oct. : a lease was
granted to Robert Tate, yeoman, of a tenement in Guyzance late in the occupation of Robert Barker, his grandfather,
deceased, to hold for 21 years. Enrolment of Leases. Diiie of Northumberland's MSS.
' Robert Tate gave his lands in Guyzance to his son John Tate by lease and release dated 21st
and 22nd March, 1783.
■ By an Order dated 12th June, 1699, for the setting out of ground in Guyzance Lee common in respect
of Mr. Robert Widdrington's and Cuthbert Barker's freeholds, there was given to Widdrington in
respect of his two tenements 20 acres, and to Cuthbert Barker 10 acres. Diikc 0/ NorthumbcrluihVs MSS.
' Rev. John Hodgson's Collection. Guyzance Guard Book.
* Duke 0/ Northumberland's MSS. In 1809 the rental of Brainshaugh chapclry was: The duke of
Northumberland, ^651 los. -d.; Thomas Cook, esq., ;f359 145.; John Tate, esq., ^244 6s.; Thomas
Fenwick, esq., ^^150; William Bacon, esq., tithes, ^J?' ; John Tate, petty tithes, ^30. lotal,
^1,506 los. 7d. Sir David Smith's Collection.
SOO
CHAPEI.RY OF RRAINSHAUGH.
Robert T;iie of Giiyzancf, only surviving issue of first marriage, born at ^ Anne, daughter of William Garrett of Shil
Guj-zanoe; baptiseil 26th Jan., lyoS/tjQtf) ; was admitted to Skinners'
and Glovers' company, Alnwick, in 1 737 ; voted for a freehold in
Guyzancc in 1774 < 'l'"^'-' 91'' Jan., 1795 ; buried at Brainshaugh.
bottle ; married 23rd June, 1747 {/>) ; party
to deed, 23rd Mar., 1771 [.' buried at Brains-
haugh, 2lst Feb., 1799, aged 84 (o)].
Margaret, daughter
of Thomas Bell
of Short ridge ;
married 2nd Nov.,
1784 ; died June,
1792 ; buried at
Brainshaugh (/).
John Tate of Rank-house, born
14th, baptised 27th Nov., 1752
(/'); was admitted to Skinners'
and Glovers' coinjiany, Aln-
wick, in 17S3 ; died gtli April,
1S32 ; buried at Brainshaugh ;
will dated 19th Dec., 1829;
proved 23rd June, 1832 (rf).
I I
= Maria, daughter of
W^iUiam
Anne ; married John Tate.
John Wilson of
Tate of
Jane, baptised 23rd April,
.Mnwick ; mar-
London.
'75° CO; buried .. ,
ried 20th Nov.,
nI.-
I754(''')-
1798 ; died 4th
Mary ; married at Felton,
Oct., iS?6; bur.
15th July, 1797, Robert
1 at Brainshaugh.
Heron of East Thirston.
I
Eleanor, tiau. = Robert Tate, eldest son, =
of Christo- I
pher Ord ;
married at
Whickham,
Sth May,
1 8 10.
born at Guyzance, bap-
tised 2 1st Dec, 1788(0) ;
admitted to Skinners' and
Glover's company, Aln-
wick, in 1809; emigrated
to New York State,
America; diedjune,i855.
second
wife ;
s./,.
Thomas Tate of Bank-house, = Mary, daughter of
I I
John William Tate, born 20th Aug., 1812.
Thomas Bell Tate, born 21st Aug., 1814.
born 17th Feb., 17S7 ; bap-
tised 2lst Dec, 1788 (rt) ;
admitted to Skinners' and
Glovers' company, 19th
Oct., 181 1, died at Bilton,
Sth Oct., 1859, aged 72 ;
buried at Brainshaugh; will
dated 1 8th May, 1853.
Margaret.
Eleanor; married ... Glassford
of Mathilda, Canada. 4/
James Dand of
Hauxley ; mar-
ried 1st June,
1826 (a); died
at Denwick, 4th
March, 1869 ;
buried at Brains-
haugh.
I
.Anne, born
2Ist .April,
1790; died
unmarried,
28th Dec,
1818 ; bur.
at Brains-
haugh.
John Tate of Bank- = Maria Sarah Ann, dau. Thomas Tate = Sarah Elizabeth,
house, born Sth
Feb., 1829; was
admitted to Skin-
ners'and Glovers'
company in 1849.
of Francis Pearson
of Kirkby Lonsdale
and of Storr's hall,
Lancashire ; mar-
ried 30th Mar., I S64.
of Allerburn,
Alnwick,
born 29th
Nov., 1835.
daughter of
John Gray of
Bilton ; mar-
ried at Les-
bury, Sth Jan.,
1874.
I I I
Sarah ; married firstly, Alan Wil-
liam Hutchinson of Durham,
and secondly, John Fogg Elliot
of Elvet hill, Durham. -4^
Mary Jane ; living 1 Sgg.
Anne Eliza ; died 17th Oct., 1852 ;
buried at Brainshaugh.
John Alexander Tate ^ Ellen
of Guyzance East-
house, horn 27th
Oct., 1804 ; bap-
tised loth Jan.,
1817 (a); died
j./t., 1843 ; buried
at Brainshaugh.
Chor-
ley.
George William Tate
of Bullocks hall
and Elj'haugh, born
loth Nov., iSlo;
died at Guyzance
East house, 6th
Sept., 1864 ; buried
at Brainshaugh.
Anne, daughter of
William Hogg
of Hazon ; mar-
ried at Egling-
ham, 1st June,
1840 ; died 2 1st
June, :86g,aged
47 ; buried at
Brainshaugh.
I I
Elizabeth, born 3rd Oct., 1800; bap.
13th April, 1 8 14 (a); died unmarried
at Rye hill, Newcastle, 2nd June,
1873; bur. at Jesmond cemetery.
Maria, born 5th Oct., 1S02 ; bap.
13th April, 1S14 (a) ; mar. Francis
Pearson of Tvirkby Lonsdale and
of Storr's hall, Arkholme, Lan-
cashire; died 7th April, 1S84.
\ \ \ I
Sarah, born 17th May, 1803 ; baptised 13th April, 1814 (//) ; died unmarried at Bank-house.
Jane, born 20th Aug., 1806 ; baptised I3ih April, 1814 (A) ; married James Dand of Togston.
Anna Maria, born 24th Feb., 1808; baptised loth Jan., 1S17 (li) ; died unmarried at Chev-
ington vicarage, 30th June, 1874.
Frances, born 24th Jan., 1809; baptised loth Jan., 1817 (/;) ; married William Fenwick of
Sturton Grange South Side ; died at Alnmouth, 14th March, 1876 ; buried at Brainshaugh.
John Tate of Elyhaugh,
born at Shilbottle,
6th July, 1 841.
George Tate of Brotherivick ^= Florence Marj', daughter of Edward
and of Bullock's hall, born at
Shilbottle, loth Feb., 1843.
Thew of Shortridge ; married at
Alnwick, Sth Jan., 18S0.
! I I
Maria Margaret.
Anne Eliza.
Frances.
George Tate, born 2nd Nov., 1880,
Edward Tate, born Sth May, 1882.
Elizabeth Mary.
II II
John Francis Fenwick Tate, born 20th July, 1876 ; Mabel Marj'.
an officer in the Lancashire Fusiliers. Louisa Elizabeth.
Thomas Bailey Tate, born nth Dec, 18S2.
I I
Annie Sarah Alexandra.
Elsie.
(rt) WariworiA Register.
\h) ShilholtU Register.
(c) An Abstract of Title belonging to Miss Gallon's estate,
(f/) Durham Probate Registry,
CHAPEI.RY OF RRAINSHAUGH. 50 f
In the description of the boundaries of the lordship of Giiyzance set
out in the survey of 1567 it is stated that Harnhill had been ' laitly sold by
the abbot and convent of the late dissolved nionastcrye of Alncwyke to one
George Bednell late of the towne of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, merchant,' and
was then 'the inheritance of Robert Beadnell,' but further down in the same
document, when entering the rents and services due from the free tenants,
the survevor states that ' the heirs of Edward Bednell hold one free
tenement called Barnhill and certain adjacent lands by fealty and suit of
court formerly in the possession of the monastery of Brenkbiirn!
Though unfortunately there is not any reference to either Brainshaugh
or Guvzance in the Brinkburn chartulary, as now existing,' nor any mention
of lands in the lordship of Shilbottle, except in the licence granted by
Robert de Hilton in 1288 to the prior and convent to gather dead wood in
Hazon,^ it seems probable that it was not to Brinkburn priory but to Alnwick
abbey that Barnhill belonged before the dissolution.
The Beadnells" had numerous dealings with monastic estates, and in
the immediate neighbourhood had lands in Low Buston, High Buston,
and Thirston, but became involved in the troubles of the beginning of the
seventeenth centurv. The capital messuage, or tenement of Barnhill, with
certain lands in East Thirston worth 40s. a year clear, belonging to John
Bednell of Barnehill and to Alice Coniers, 'recusants'; John Bednell's cow,
worth los., and Alice Coniers' household goods were forfeited to the Crown,
and were granted ist April, 16 12, to Gabriel Redman of Maltby, Yorkshire,
in respect to one-third in free gift and as to the other two-thirds for forty-one
years at 8s. iid. a year.^ An arrangement with the Crown grantee must
have been made, for on the 2gth of January, 1619/20, George Beadnell of
Lemington, esq., Alice Conyers of Newcastle, widow ol Roger Conyers, late
' It IS possible that the deeds relating to Guyzance may have been in that portion of the chartulary
which has been lost. See Brinkburn Chartulary^ Page, preface, p. xv. Surtees Soc. No. 90.
- Ihid. p. 32.
' John Bedenell, who was proprietor of Lemington in 1497, was appointed seneschal of tlie courts of
the monastery of Alnwick in 152S by Robert, abbot of .^.Inwick. Tate, Alnu'ick, ii. p. 29. Hy his wife, Jane
Hastings (St. George's Visilatioii) he had an eldest son Edward, who by the patent of 1528 was granted
the reversion after his father's death of the office of seneschal or steward. Tate, Alnznck, ii. p. 29. In 1568
Edward Bedenell was returned as owner of Lemington and Nunriding (Liber Fcodarii); his wife was
Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Collingwood of Eslington. St. George's Visitation. It is probable that he
was the grantee of Barnhill from the abbot of Alnwick. Clarkson's Survey. His eldest son Robert
married .'\lice, daughter of Christopher Baxter of Newcastle (St. George's Visitation), who seems to have
remarried Roger Conyers. Robert and Alice Bedenell had two sons, George Bedenell of Lemington,
living in 161 5, and John, who may be identified with John Bedenell of Barnhill.
'Patent Roll, 1995, 10 Jas. I. pt. 13.
502 CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH.
of Lemington, esq., and John Beadnell of Barnehill, gent., conveyed their
lands in East Thirston to Thomas Wright, the elder, of Morwick, veoman.'
Barnhill was acquired by the Widdringtons of Hauxley before the year
1663, in which year William Widdrington was rated for it at ;^40 a year."
He died in 1664, leaving an only child, Anne, whose history and fortunes
are unknown. As has been already related, his father Robert Widdrington
in 1684 settled the family estate upon his nephew of the same name, charged
with money portions for his grandchild and for his four daughters.' One of
the latter, Isabel Widdrington, married Robert Fenwick of Nunriding, who,
either in satisfaction for his wife's fortune or bv purchase, seems to have
become possessed of Barnhill.^ The family of Fenwick also acquired a
free tenement in Guvzance known bv the name of Landrigsfs, and botb
estates were retained by their descendants until 1862, when Mr. E. M.
Fenwick of Borough hall sold Barnhill and Landriggs to Mr. John Tate
of Bank-house.' An allotment known as ' Fenwick's fall,' received on the
division of Guyzance Lee common, was at the same time sold to the duke
of Northumberland. Barnhill was purchased from Mr. John Tate in 1892
bv Mr. J. D. Milburn.'^
At the present time the landowners in the chapelry of Brainshaugh are
Mr. W. B. Lisle, owner of Brainshaugh (239 acres), Mr. J. D. Milburn of
Barnhill and Landriggs (216 acres), Mr. John Tate of Bank-house (275
acres), the North Eastern Railway Company (5 acres), and the duke of
' Abstract of Title to Poiis's lands in Eust Thirston (1792). Rev. John Hodgson's Collection.
■ Book of Rates, 1663. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 261.
' See supra, pp. 306-307.
* Barnhill was occupied at the beginning of the eighteenth centurv' by the Davisons of Warkworth
Barns (see supra, p. 120). In 171 5 Thomas Davison of Barnhill voted for a freehold in Warkworth.
Poll Book. In 1735 he made his will and appointed his niece, Margaret Cook, his executrix, and she by
her will in 1770 gave all her estate to her nephew, Henry Tomlin. 1773, 30th May : Mrs. Margaret
Cook of Barnhill died, aged 97 (Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck's Commonplace Book], buried 1st June. Wark-
worth Register. 1786, 26th October : Administration of the personal estate of Henry Tomlin of Barnhill,
yeoman, granted to Ann Tomlin. the widow. Durham Probate Registry. His miniature now (1899)
belongs to Mr. M. H. Dand of Hauxley. Tomlin's widow and son removed to Shawdon hill, m the
parish of Whittingham, where the latter died, unmarried, in 1797 (administration 2nd November, 1797,
granted to his mother). Mrs. Tomlin died at the same place in 1S08 (will dated 7th December, 1807;.
One of this family used to relate that as she was riding over the Town moor at Newcastle on a Sunday
morning in 1745 she was overtaken and passed by a messenger riding 'with a halter round his neck'
(as a warning not to loiter by the way) ; and in returning after church masons were seen preparing to
build up the Town gate. E.x inf. Mr. M. H. Dand.
' The Barnhill estate was stated to comprise 180 acres, all in a ring fence (except a detached piece of
10 acres) and Landriggs (35 acres), together with a blacksmith's shop. The property was sold on
the 15th December, 1862. Conditions 0/ Sale.
' Mr. Milburn has reconstructed and enlarged the house from designs by Mi. \V. H. Knowles.
CHAPELRY OF BRAINSHAUGH. 503
Northumberland who holds the remainder of the chapelry, comprising the
hamlet of Guyzance, the mill, and the farms of Guyzance East-house, and
Guyzance Lee.
Though originally, both historically and ecclesiastically, dependent on
the parish of Shilbottle the chapelrv of Brainshaugh has long been regarded
as extra-parochial. Denuded of the endowments which maintained ' the
Master and his Fellow,' the chapel continued to be used by the parishioners
for marriages and occasional services until the second quarter of the
eighteenth century. Warburton writing about the vear 17 15 says, 'the
church [of Brainshaugh] situated in a low plain, almost surrounded by the
river Coquet, hath formerly been large and well built, but wants the roof
and other ornaments, yet is preached at and the sacraments administered
. . * . . a year by the . . * . .' ' And the register of Edlingham
parish, under the date of July 6th, 1721, records a marriage solemnized 'in
ye chappell of Brainshaugh."' Sir David Smith writing about seventy years
ago says, ' A custom prevailed till within about thirty-six years past, at
Guyzance of tolling a bell in the village street when any person died within
the chapelry : this bell originally belonged to the chapel, and is now in the
possession of Mr. John Tate of Bank-house." The graveyard attached
to the chapel has been walled and well enclosed by the piety of one of the
landowners ; it has always been and continues to be the only burial ground
of the inhabitants of the chapelry. On the formation of the ecclesiastical
parish of Acklington in 1859, Brainshaugh was annexed to it.
' Warburton MS. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
■ Edlingham Register. Another marriage at Brainshaugh is recorded in the same register on the i6th
April, 1725.
' Sir David Smith's Collection. This bell, with a font origmally belonging to the chapel of Brains-
haugh, is now in the possession of Mr. John Tate of Bank-liouse and Alnwick. A gold ring, said to
have been a large ornamental one, is stated to have been found about the year 1770, at the water edge,
near the chapel. It is not known if it is in existence.
'•■ Blank in the manuscript.
Vol. V, ^+
504 APPENDIX I.
APPENDIX I.
REFERENCES TO (GEOLOGICAL PAPERS.
1 Borings and Sinkings (Nos. 1,086 and 1,087), published by the
North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical
Engineers ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1885
2. ... ... ... ... Report on Colliery at Hauxley, belonging to the Radcliffe Coal
Company ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1804
7. Wood (N.) On the LTpper and Lower Beds of Coal in the Counties of
Northumberland and Durham. Trans. Nortli of England
Inst. Engineers, vol. la. m&p a.x\A seclxons 1862
TO. Brown (M. W.) Correlation of the Coal Seams of the Carboniferous Formation
in the North of England. Trans. North of England Inst.
Engineers, vol. .xxvi. p. 15 1887
14 Sec vol. ii. app. ii.
15. Lebour (I'rof. (}. .\.) ... On the Great and Four Fathom Limestones and their Associated
Beds in South Northumberland. Trans. North of England
Inst. Engineers, vo\. x\\v. p. 1^^ 1875
Wood(N.) Nat. Hist. Soc.of Northd. \o\.\. p. 202 1831
Tate (G.) Chapters on Geology in the H/s/o-j' a/ /I //uf/r/t- 1869
APPENDIX II.
VERTICAL SECTIOJf THROUGH THE RADCLIFFE
AJ^D BROOMHILL COAL-FIELD.
BROOMHILL COLLIERY.
Boring on WoODsroE Farm.
AFTER H.M. QEOLOQICAL SURVEY.
RADCLIFFE COLLIERY.
RADCLIFFE COLLIERY
(Continued).
FATHOMS rerr
Sand and WATeR
Blue Clay
Stonev
Freestone, Ac.
White Post
^ « «" Queen's
Coal 3 -2 Seam
Grey Metal
Grey Post. Ac.
ft'-rl" Little Wonder
Coal 2 -74 Seam
Grey Metal
GfiEY Post
Strons Metal
Coal 7 ■ Oi Top Seam
^ Grey Metal
Metal with Post
Coal s'l"
Grev Metal
Coal 7 ■ 9 Main Seam
6rev Metal
„' „" Tardor
Coal 3-2 Bottom Seam
Grey Metal with
Post Girdles
Grey Metal with
Post Girdles
Coal 1 ■ 2
Grey Metal Stone
Coal ^■^o"
Grey Metal
Coal 1 - 2*
^s^^-^^s=-'? Soil and Clay
Metal Stone
Coal 2 0
Grey Post
Coal 110
Blue Metal
Coal 3'
Blue Metal
White Post
Blue Metal
WITH
Iron Girdles
„ ' '' Radcliffe
Coal 6 4 seam
- White Post
Grey Metal Stone
Black Metal Stone
Coal 2' 6'
Grev Metal Beds
with
Post Girdles
/ -," -^itoert
Coal 4 ■ 7 Seam
^ Grey Metal Stone
White Post
White Post
Open Grated
Post
Open Grated
Post
Post Girdles
ScARFY Post
Grey Metal
- J a* Uttio Wonder
Coal 2 9 seam
Qrey Metal Stone
Grey Metal Stone
WITH Post Girdles
Grey Metal Stone
WITH Post Girdles
99 5 \ Zti S
Splint Coal 1 • 6
Grey Post
r^.. n K.' Duke or
Coal 2-5 Main Seam -
Grey Metal Stone
AND Post Girdles
White Post
Coal 1 ■ 7 Yard Seam
Grey Metal Stone
White Post
Black Metal
White Post
Grey Metal Stone
with Post Girdles
AND Black Scarfs
-"'■^ Grey Metal Stone
: .-rd WITH Post Girdles
!?5 Black Stone with Coal
White Post
with Water
Grey Metal Stone
taiS^Rtii * Cam^V^ Kowcatde oaTyne
APPENDIX III.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. MASON MARKS.
WARKWORTH CASTLE. MASON MARKS.
THE DONJON.
Outside Walls. ^ 16 ■ ^^ -^ ■ 4—
LnTrcinceVauJt. A
The Porters Room. W" +^
P.t under Entrance Vault V "W -h^ X ' "^^ KX
Vault at foot of Great Stair. X V^ ^ +-^ -^-^x
W -t— ■ <— • ^ ^
Dungeon. ^x- ^ ■ /\. X • + .\X/-7r-+ ■ <1X- >J
Bottle Dungeon. V' ^ ' R I^^- +-^ • + • -f- ■ ^
N-X- A- EH
Passage to Inner Dut^on. "^ X*^ ■ V
Inner Dun|eon.H V" [^ -V '-f-^--/- Y- V •/• X ' -\A
WARKWORlll CASILE. MASON MARKS.
Pussujie 1o Vault u,kW Kitcllen. 4-WX-^-->'^^
Vault po38.bl>, us.d CIS ButVe .->,. W-)f "K ' "f- • X " >^
SVau- i.p1;> Pantry,. +"• )0( " U •+-•++ " \/ '^T
Vauli-unc^er K.tcKen. A ' A " /I " X
Stciii'ii[c> lb Kitchen. V
Vnurr with CislVin.!^ Stone Conduir iVom Lanterr^ +-^ ' H
V-/X- -^•^■¥•^-•H•M■x■N
x-^ • ^x+'^y- w-4-
Lnntem. +X^+^-^-< ' '^\-~\- 'Y'
Cellcu- i(n..-Lr Qrcnl' Cliainbef. "f" " X ^ ' +-^ Y'^V
-)f-f-V'V- h--W-X-t--[I
WARKWORTH CASTLE. MASON MARKS
Cellar under Chapel. V" "< — ■+^ ' "h ' H • X • -)f • ■^
A- -f\- -^
Sfeir- up from Cellar lb Hall. -+-^ ■ 4— • V H^ • Y
Vanir p'obablvj.'Tlie chamber tlie bo\(es laj m ! (CIoseT.j
X- <iH-w-<-H--f- 4- WN
-f-- ^X
Vnulf called iTie cbumber at the slaire foote! V \ —
Great Stair X • — < ' + ^ ■ -+— ' > ^ ' +
Great Slair Hecid. X ' I
Arch from Great Stair info Hall, -kj ■ \- • rr *4~^ "l"^
Hall. ^ -M- -h^ -^ -T^- X
Pantry . + ■ X' "^^ ' 0^ • ^/
Outer Kitchen. (Freploce-j (Pot) X " X "^ ' >< 5^ " X-
• X- -XJ-Z-X- A- K-\
Wx- r|i • X ^
WARKWORTH CASTLE. MASON MARKS.
STair leading up from Oukr Kitchen. + X- )^ • X-
XK
M r -x
Mural Chamber in Outet" KttcWen. IXJ
+ X
2ncl Floor oVci" Outer KilcKen ;-
[Mi,fQ\ Chamber .n S.W. Coiner} X "^ ^ ^ V +
( N.w. " J ^^ ■ X( ■ A • '\
t KV-K ■ +
MuralChcimberon N.S.de.) K T' ^ + )f A
Kilclicn. (North HrenlaCe.) (^ East rreploce.) X ■^'^~'~
X+-V-X--^-:t- A--^-^
WARKWORTH CASTLE. MASON MARKS.
^^-V
(Larder) (The l.tTlc howse) M ' + ' ^ ' X ' \K)>/
PciSSaJe -fVbm HoU IbCrcai'Chamber.
qreoT Chamber (Cupbycl.)(F;rtplace) ^4" N +^
Latrme North of Great Chomber. "^^^ X A
fflrlowr.. (Fireplace) (LaTrine.) V' ^- W' X ' V ' XI
)^- -)f- < --A-Y- V
X'X v^-^ • V
WARKWORI H CASTLE. MASON MARKS.
Chapel. 4-XAX-V^ th-
Stoirtem Clicipel To ScKri.r,. ^ X " ^ ^^ X +
stair leading up from S.W. corner of CWapel . ^"^ i_
Chapel Chamber, (fireplace.) ^ ^ " "^ ^--^^
Qal|cf;| ar cast end of Hnll . ^ A\ ^^^ ' // lA A
Drawing Chamber. (Ldtrine on N.fide) V X K ~^
— ^ • -^^ ■ ><i • -^ • +-^^ • V • z
Longer Vault under Watch Tovxtr. Ik. V^ ' ^
STair to Upper Vciulf under Wc.tch Tower X " X" ^
Upper-rnult under- Watch T.wer. ^ TV " K +
IVcfvChambei-(fire|.lace)(,Lcitnne) ^ +^ V A K
WARKWORTH CASTLE. MASON MARKS.
WdrdiTower' (StcHi)illppermosr Chamber) ~t A'^v'
West Curtain. (Outer Wall of old Kitchen.)
OldKitchen. ^ b.+ -^ 7^
Buttery (VVest of oU Kitchen) H
Passage . (^SouTh of Kitchen near V\! end ofColle^e.)
TheCoLLEGE. ( North East Column) N
(Lar^eVauIt)( Small Vnult) Z ' [>< ' IK ' A " h
A- A-/ -AT- 1^-N-X
^■K- ■ -^'I-V^- M AX-ZN
A-XT
.(Archn*a>,.)(Ea3TWall,base level) /A' 1 ' N V^ ' k|
V-X/J-V- \x: A A ^ V(
>/• A A t-Z -X- N-XX
(Passage trorn East VdulI'l^Base dl" East end) /^ • A
5?M W-
WARKWORTH CASTLE. MASON MARKS.
GreyMares Tail. [ EntT>) ..n.l Gro.ul Floor^ W t
Passaql between College and Lion Tower
Lion Tower ^ ^
Old HALL^Easr Wall) t\]
Great Chamber. X
Chamber SonrhWcstofQieaTChnniber First
Floor, ^-n^- X-L-r
CRAKEFERQUS.l^Passnfije To (ground HooD Y^
^■>^ T
firsT FloorHPtissci^e To Second Floor) X Y
W- <^ • Y A
Gatehouse. (Arch>\'ci\(.) V v • >
Foundations toEast of Gatehouse. M Ia) K
Aa-x'e
DRAWWELL. ^-^ ^- ^-^ X-4<-M
Montagu Tower. ^Pnssaq>f lo lIppermosTrioor)
(llpper-mosr Floor) Y N' X ^
INDEX.
507
INDEX.
Acklington TOWNSHIP, 36z-376 ; census returns, 362 ;
medinsval history, 363-366 ; subsidy rolls, 364-365 ;
Percy surveys, 365, 367-373 ; list of grieves, 366 ;
mediaeval accounts, 366; muster rolls, 367, 370;
pedigree of Appleby, 375 ; the 'ancient farms,' 376 ;
witchcraft practised, 376 ; church and list of
ministers, 376.
' Acklington dike,' 9, 11, 296.
Acklington Park TOWNSHIP, 377-383 ; census returns,
377 ; media:val history, 377-379 ; deer and wild
animals, 377, 378, 379, 380; list of park keepers
and officers, 378 n ; notices of Horsley family, 379 ;
Percy surveys, 379-380 ; birthplace of John Rush-
worth, the antiquary, 380 ; pedigree of Rushworth,
381 ; manufactory for tin and iron and afterwards
for woollen cloth, 382-383 ; dam and bridge, 383 ;
sixteenth-century poaching case, 463.
Acton, held of the Heron barony, 408 n ; the lord of,
487.
Acton, John, 273 ; Henry, 462 ; Lawrence, 463, 467 ;
Nicholas, 242, 408 ; Richard, 350, 445, 446 ;
William, 329.
Agriculture of district, 14-16.
Alaynsheles (Alensheles), John, 462, 482.
Albone, Robert, 191.
Aldburgh (Albrough), Richard, 46 ; Sir William de,
33-
Aldford, Robert de, 25.
AUgood (AUegod, etc.), Alan, 141 n ; Gilbert, 141 n ;
Richard, 140, 141.
Alnham (Almham, etc.), Thos. de, 387, 388, 389.
Alnwick abbey, has grant of St. Leonard's hospital,
and of rectory of Leconfield, 46 ; possesses lands,
etc., in Buston, 221 n ; in Shilbottle, 426, 428, 430,
433 ; in Brainshaugh, 477, 479, 480, 484, 486, 4S7,
492, 501.
— Roman Catholic chapel endowment 246.
Alnwick, Thomas, 50, 378 ; William, 42, 45, 46, 434.
Altar, Roman, found at Gloster-hill, 262.
Amble TOWNSHIP, 267-295 ; census returns, 267 n ;
description of ancient burial place, urns and pre-
historic remains, 267-271 ; granted to Tynemouth
priory, 271 ; mediccval history, 271-27K ; list of free
tenants in 1295, 272; subsidy roll, 273; ship-
wrecks, 272-274 ; early shipping trade, 274 ;
'Gunnildes cross,' 274; suit to Warkworth mill,
275 ; condition at dissolution period, 278 ; hall-corn
rent, 27S ; the ruined manor house, 279 ; pedigree,
etc., of .Arnold family, 279-280 ; pedigree of Patter-
son family, 280; exchequer survey, 280-282;
manor purchased by citizens of London and sold by
them to Hewitt, 282-283 ; forfeited by Sir William
Fenwick, and regranted to Radcliffe family, 283-
285 ; devolution of estates, 285-293 ; notices of
Lewen family, 286 ; pedigree of Wilson, 288 ;
notices of famfly of Cook, 289 ; Widdrington's
estate, 289-290 ; Smith's estate and inventory of
Roger Smith, 290 ; Reed's and Taylor's lands, 291 ;
Browell's lands, 291 ; notice of family of Temple of
Berwick, 291 ; notices of Bullock family, 292 ;
pedigree of Taylor, 293 ; change of course of river
Coquet, 196, 294 ; harbour, coal trade, imports and
exports, 294 ; churches and chapels, 204-295.
Ampleford, Richard, 52.
Anderson, Bertram, of Newcastle, 485.
Anjou, William, 21.
Annett, John, 1S9, 436.
Appleby of Acklington, Eastfield, and Low Buslon,
M.I., 182 ; notices of family, 230, 233-234, 248,
250 ; pedigree, 375 ; John, 376 ; Thomas, 373,
376.
Archbold of Cavvledge park and .Acton, notices of
family, 339, 382, 431, 436.
Armstrong, John and Lawson, of Ulgham, 264.
Arnold of Birling, notice of family, 198, 199, 200, 201,
202 ; pedigree of Arnold of .Amble, 279-2S0.
.Arreyns, Robert de, 273.
Arundale, the earl of, at Warkworth, 71.
Ashton (Ascheton), Ralph, 47, 68.
Atten, Henry de, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Audley de, James, 26, 32 ; Thomas, 26.
.Aula, William de, 481.
.■\urea Valle, Richard de, rector, and probably the
builder, of Warkworth church, 20, 170, 172-173.
184.
5o8
INDEX.
n.
Bacon, Charles, 472 ; John, 469. 475 ; Joh:; William,
472. 498 ; William, 499 n.
Bacon-Forster, John William, 437, 498.
' Badging,' 167.
Bailey, Ralph, 50.
Baird (Bard, Bayard) of Wesi Chevington, pedigree,
394 ; wills and evidences, 395.
— Christopher, 155, 157 ; Edward, 412 ; Gilbert, 399 ;
John, 153, 155, 199 ; Thomas, 152, 155, 157, 158 n,
161, 399 ; William, 391.
Baker, William, medioeval Ml., iSi.
Baliol, Ada, 25, 27 ; Roger and Stephen, 26.
Bamburgh, John de, 434; Robert de, 387 ; William de,
386, 389.
Barker (Berker), Thomas, chaplain and hermit, 50,
114, 134; Lieut. Charles, 265 ; of Giiyzance, notices
of family, 494, 495, 499.
Barnhill, notices of, 485, 486, 490, 493, 498, 501-502.
Baron's house, 421, 422, 424.
Baret, Andrew, 254.
Barton, John, vicar of Shilbottle, 436.
Bates, Cuthbert, 355, 359 ; Eliza Maria, 1S9 ; Thomas,
"6, ii7> 355.400.
Beadnell (Bednell) famil}', holders of lands in High
Buston, 208, 212-213; in Low Buston, 225, 234,
235 ; in Brotherwick, 257, 258-259 ; at Barn-
hill, 485, 486, 490, 501-502; John, 146; Robert,
152.
Beanley tithes, 215.
Beanley (Benle), William de, 462.
Beaumont, Sir John, 329, 330 n.
Beckwith, Sir W'illiam, 52.
Bedford, John, duke of, 42-44, 421.
Bedlington, John de, vicar of Shilbottle, 434.
Bell of Shortridge, pedigree, 234 ; wills, 235 ; notices
of family, 233, 236, 240.
— James, the earl's trumpeter, 50 ; Ralph, vicar of
Warkworth, 186.
Bemerton, governor of Warkworth castle, 73, 74.
Benedictine chapel at Warkworth, 123 n, 132, 195.
Benhall, Robert de, 26.
Bennet, Thomas, chaplain on Coquet Island, 321.
Benton, Adam de, 409.
Bertram, Alina, wife of Hugh de Morwick, 346 ;
William, 46, 134 n ; lord of Mitford, 424 n.
Bernardi, William, vicar of Shilbottle, 434.
Bewick, George, vicar of Shilbottle, 434.
Bikerman, Adam de, 141.
Bilton, Joseph, of Brinkheugh 472.
Birling TOWNSHIl', 196-204 ; quarry, 11, 13, jo, 196 n ;
census returns, 196 n ; Caslles's dike, 196 n ;
bounder, 197 ; readjustment of bounder, 113, 198 ;
mediaeval history, 197-199 ; Percy surveys, 198,
200, 201, 202, 203 ; list of grieves, 199 n ; muster
rolls, 200, 201 ; notices of the family of Elder,
202 ; of Wharrier, 203 ; of Cramlington, 203 ; and
of .\Iilburn, 204 ; the ' ancient farms,' 303.
Bisset, Albreda, 25.
Bladesmyth, John, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Blair, the Rev. James, 159 n.
Blakiston, John, lessee of Warkworth park, 117.
Blyth, John de, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Bockenfield (Bokenfeui), 408 n ; .•\dam de, 409.
Bolton pele, 30.
Bondgate tower, at Alnwick, i rz.
Bondicar, 9, I2. 312-314.
Bonner family, freeholders in Brotherwick, 260.
— , John, gardener at Warkworth castle, 50 ; .Matthew,
vicar of Warkworth, 186, 260.
Boose, Brian, a media;val free tenant in High Buston,
208.
Boston, prior, has pension charged on Hauxley, 300.
Boswell family, own lands in Amble, 293.
Bowe, George, vicar of Shilbottle, 436.
Bowes, Sir William, owner of Coquet Island, 312-324.
Bowman, Fenwick, 160 ; Nicholas, 160.
BrainshaughCH.\PELRY, 476-503; census returns, 476 n;
prehistoric remains, 476 ; the church and the priory
for nuns, 477, 479 ; description of chapel, 477-479 ;
medircval history of Guyzance and Brainshaugh,
479-484; subsidy rolls, 481, 482; list of grieves,
4S3 ; Percy surveys, 484, 485-490, 493-494 ; muster
rolls, 484-491 ; the master of Brainshaugh, 483,
484, 487, 503 ; Guyzance mill, 487, 488, 490, 491,
492, 493, 498 ; crown grants, 492 ; notices of
family of Warwick of Warwick in Cumberland, 494,
495 ; pedigree of Cook, 496 ; pedigree of Tate, 499 ;
account of Barnhill, 501-502; ancient graveyard
and modern ecclesiastical status, 503 ; church
lands in Brotherwick, 257-258, 492 ; in Alnwick,
485 ; in Whittle, 492 ; in Hazon, 492 ; in Framling-
ton, 492.
Brandenburgh house, fittings carried to Warkworth,
136.
Brandling, Sir Francis, 73, 74, 117, 413,493; Ralph,
74 ; Robert, 412, 413, 493, 495 n.
Branxton church appropriated to Warkworth cell,
123 n. 132. '95-
Brende, John, muster master, 60.
INDEX.
509
Bridge cit Warkworih, account of, 141-143 ; bridge-
masters, 146, 194 n.
Briggs, Robert, 160; William, 160.
Brinkburn priory, salt-pans at Warkwortb, 20 ; rent
charge in Low Buston, 121 ■, lands in Bruirisliaugh,
4S5, 489, 490. S°'-
— William, prior of, 46 n.
Bromtield (Brumfield), Emma de, 140 ; Henry, 140.
Broomhill colliery and coal company, S, 10, 267, 294,
397 I appendix ii.
Brotherwick TOWNSHIP, 253-260 ; census returns, 253n;
the manor held by Hanvill family by sergeanty,
253 ; medicevai history, 253-256; subsidy roll, 254;
mill, 255, 257 ; the VVauton family, 254-255 ; the
Hesilrigg family, 255-256 ; Percy surveys, 256-259 ;
lands belonging to the cell of Brainshaugh, 257, 258,
492, 493 ; notices of freeholders, 25S-260.
Brotherwick, John, chaplain, 46 ; Roger, 402.
Browell, notices of family, 1S9, 281, 2S3, 285, 288, 291,
Z92, 330. 331. 332, 335>4i2, 4>3-
Brown of East Chevington, M.I., 182-183 ; pedigree,
405 ; wills, etc., 406.
— Elizabeth, 189; Jane, 189; Henry, 393; William,
makes a survey' of Warkworth town-lands, 169 n.
Bruce (Brus), Robert, 31, 481.
Bullock of Amble, M.I., 183 ; notices of family, 281,
282, 283,292.
Bullocks-hall TOWNSHIP, 393-397; census returns, 393 n;
severance, 393; pedigree of Baird, 394; and evidences,
395 ; pedigree of Kelly, 396.
Bulman, John, chaplain, 180.
Bulmer, Sir John (husband of Theophania de Morwick),
notices of family, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 353, 387-
39°, 393. 399, 4°°-
Burgham, Gilbert de, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Burn, James Grieve, builds house at Warkworth,
161.
Burrell, Geo., of Chibburn, 166 ; Thos., of Broom-park,
166.
Burton, Thomas de, 133 n.
Buston, High, TOWNSHIP, 204-218 ; census returns,
204 n ; mediaeval history, 204-207 ; subsidy rolls,
206; Percy surveys, 207-208, 211, 213; muster
rolls, 207, 210; reduction of number of mediaeval
tenants by one half, 208 ; scheme to carry water to
Warkworth castle, 208 ; spoiled bj' Scots, 209 ;
successive divisions of lands, 210, 212, 218 ; descent
of freeholds, 213 ; notices of Buston family with
pedigree, 213-216; pedigree of Wilkinson, 217;
Threap Moor, 218 ; granary, 21 S.
Buston, Low, TOWNSHIP, 219-237; census returns,
2i9n; urn, 219-220; mcdioeval history, 220-225;
parcels of land granted to Newminstcr, 221-223 J
themill, 221-223, 230-251 ; pedigree of Buston, 222,
223 ; subsidy rolls, 224 ; muster roll, 224 ; pedigree
of Beadnell, 225 ; cultivation of madder, 226 n ;
pedigree, etc., of Forster, 227-229 ; Charles Francis
Forster, a collector of Roman altars, 230 ; Buston
Barns, 231 ; Middle Buston, 233 n ; pedigree and
notices of Johnson and .Musgiave, 231-233; Short-
ridge, 234; pedigree of Bell, and evidences, 234-236;
Ilounden, 236-237.
Buston family, early notices of, 205-207, 220-223 !
pedigrees, 214, 216, 222, 223 ; notices of Buston
of Wood-house, 436,437; Caleb, 189; Richard, 255;
Roger, 195, 472 ; William, 144, 462.
Butler, Mary, founds Jesuit mission at Sturton Grange,
246 ; Griffin, 431.
Buttery, Thomas, porter at Warkworth castle, 52.
Cairns, Cuthbert, 306.
Cameron, Daniel, 436.
Cannon used against Warkworth castle in 1405, 41.
Carlisle, see of, has rectory of Warkworth, 170-171,
183, 190, 263.
Carlyle, John, 463, 467.
Carnaby, Cuthbert, 56, 57, 58, 148 ; Francis, 332, 333 ;
Jane, 332, 333, 414 ; John, 330 ; Reynold, 58, 115;
Richard, 333 ; Thomas, 333 ; William, 332, 333,
413. 414-
Carr of Bondicar, pedigree, 313; notices of family,
300, 301, 302, 303 ; wills, etc., 312-314.
— of Whitton, notices of family, 485, 489, 493.
— Geo., keeper of Warkworth park, 57, 148, 257, 258.
— George, 330 n, 464; John, 312, 314; Oliver, 314;
Robert, 258; Roger, 302,312; Ralph, 447; Thomas,
211, 248, 302, 312, 44S ; William, 303, 305, 330,
448.
C-irter, John, report for the repairing of Warkworth
castle, 76,
Cartington, 5, 326, 329.
Cartington, John, 46, 46 n, 144.
Castelkirk, Nicholas de, 140.
Castles, Edward, 157 ; George, 157, 158 n, 164.
' Castles's dike,' 196 n.
Cave, J. G., claimant of Newburgh estates, 2S5 n.
Centenarians, 189.
Ceolwulf, King, 18, 19, 22, 170, 477.
CereviUe, Sir Gilbert de, 22
510
INDEX.
Chamberlain, Sir Robert, 47.
Chapels (ancient) at Warkworth castle, 86, 93, 107 ;
St. Mary Magdalen, 43, 121 ; Benedictine, 195 ;
Hermitage, 125; at Coquet Island, 319; at West
Chevington, 385 ; at Brainshan^jh, 477.
Cheaveley, 368, 376.
Chesney, Margaret de, 25.
Chester-house, 363, 376.
Chevington chapelry, 384 ; the ancient chapel and its
•P ministers, 384-385 ; modern church aiul ministers,
3S5 ; the 'ancient farms,' 385.
Chevington, East, TOWNSHIP, 397-406; census returns,
397 n ; Broomhill colliery, 397 ; mediaeval history,
398-401 ; subsidy rolls, 398, 399 ; muster roll,
402 ; Edward Dodsworth, the king's huntsman, 402 ;
pedigree of Dodsworth, 403; pedigree of Brown, 405.
Chevington, West, TOWNSHIP, 386-393 ; census returns,
386 n; prehistoric remains, 386; sketch of the history
of the Chevington or Morwick barony, 386-391 ;
subsidy rolls, 387, 3S9, 390 ; township purchased by
Sir Thomas Grey, 391 ; Knights Hospitallers' lands,
391 ; muster roll, 391 ; the forest of Chevington,
392 ; modern tenants, 393.
Chevington, Thomas de, 329.
Child, John, vicar of Warkworth, 186.
Chillingham park, licence to enclose, 392 n.
Clarence, George, duke of, grant of Warkworth, 47.
Clark of Hauxley, etc., M.I., 183; notices of family, 281,
283, 293. 3°i. 3°i. 303> 393. 397 i pedigree, 310.
— John, has grant of materials of Warkworth castle,
75 ; Lancelot, 147 ; Robert, vicar of Shilbottle, 434.
Claverings, the early lords of Warkworth, history of
family, 21-32 ; pedigree, 25 ; adoption of surname,
29 ; barons by writ, 32.
Claxton, Sir Will am, 33.
Clay, -Margaret, 374 ; Ralph, 239 ; Roger, 239.
Clennel, John, of Isel, 1S9.
Clutterbuck of Warkworth and Whittle, M.I., 1S3 ;
pedigree, 459 ; Richard, 164; Thomas, 136.
Cockeram, vicar of Shilbottle, 436.
Cocklaw tower, near Hawick, 35.
Colebruggs, Aluric de, 170 n.
College at Warkworth. See Warkworth castle.
CoUingwood, Cuthbert, 157; John, 156, 157, 158 n,
436 ; Robert of Eslington, iSo.
Colordoue, Thos., vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Colvill, Sir James, 55 ; Sir Thomas, 299.
Common, Robert, 21 8.
Compton, Lord, 71 ; Thomas of Carham, 393.
Conveyancing, instance of thirteenth-century, 348-349.
Conyers, Alice, 501 ; Roger, 501.
Cook of Amble and Togston, notices of family, 285, 287-
289, 337-340 ; pedigree, 338.
— of Sturton Grange Eastfield, notices of family, 248-
250 ; pedigree, 249.
— of .Acklington park, notices of family, 338, 381-3S2.
— of Newton-on-the-Moor, 'S\.\., 433; notices of family,
452-454 ; pedigree, 453.
— of Low Newton, 454-455.
— of Brainshaugh, notices of family, 454, 495-497 ;
pedigree, 496.
— Christopher, 382 ; Edward, 297 n, 325, 337, 382 n ;
John, 190, 297 n, 337, 381 ; Joseph, vicar of Shil-
bottle, 436 ; Richard, 335.
Cookson, Isaac, 338, 339.
Coquet, description of course of river, 1-7.
Coquet, a French family so called, 325 11.
Coquet Island, 315-325 ; visited by St. Cuthbert, 7,
315; prehistoric remains, 316; given to Tynemouth
priory, 316 ; corn ships of William Rufus lost near
by, 316 ; the abode of St. Henry of Coquet, 316-318 ;
Martin, the hermit, 318; bequest of Roger Thornton,
318; cell endowed by the earl of Northumberland,
319 ; description of the tower, 319-320 ; noticed by
Leland, 321 ; Thomas Bennet the chaplain, 321 ;
a resort for coiners, 322 ; purchased by Sir William
Bowes, 322 ; the haven, 70, 322 ; stone quarry, 323 ;
island taken by the Scots, 323 ; described in Dutch
navigation book, 323 ; modern owners, 324 ; wild
fowl, 324 ; coal workings, 324 ; frequented by seals,
325; asserted place of origin of a French family, 325.
Corbet, Sir Roger, 29.
Coward of Hadston, improver and inventor of agricul-
tural imphments, 414 n.
Crakefergus (Cradyfargus) tower, 51,65,70,81-83, 115.
Cramlington of Birling, notices of family, 203 ; Henry,
119 n, 120, 164 ; William, 189.
' Cramlington's lane,' 203 n.
Craster, Edward, 67 ; John, 55, 73 ; Richard, 377 ;
Robert, 484.
Crawford, Capt. William, 161.
Cresswell of Hauxley, pedigree, 311.
Cresswell, Cuthbert, offers to build windmill at Hauxley
301 ; John, 37, 38, 276 n, 311 ; Addison, F. B., owner
of Hadston, 414.
Crumwell, Lord, 47.
Culduoish («0i Sir William, 1S8.
Currie, Thos., 294.
Curset, Col., commander of Scottish army, 323.
Curwin, John, vicar of Warkworth, 1S5.
INDEX.
5"
D.
Dacre family, 355 ; Leonard, 63.
Daglish, Jolin, schoolmaster, 169.
Dalton, Robert, monk of Coquet Island, 321 n.
Dand of Gloster-hill, Hauxley, and Togston, M.I.,
183; pedigree, 266; lands in Gloster-hill, 265;
Amble, 29D ; Hauxlev, 311, 312; Togston, 33S ;
and in Morwick, 357.
Dand of Shilbottle, notices of family, 422 n, 423, 426,
417,437-
Darcy of Hadston and Knayth, sketch of history, 410-
412 ; pedigree, 41 1.
Darlington, John de, arms of, 180 n.
Darrayns, William, acquires land in Broiherwick, 255.
Darreys, Robert, 30.
Daulyn, Thos., lands in Hazon, 463.
Davison of Warkworth Barns, pedigree, 119 ; wills,
etc., 120; John, 74, 157, 15S n; his grandmother
housekeeper at Warkwortli castle, 74 ; Robert, 76,
118, 157; Robert, vicar of Warkworth, 119, 186;
Thomas, 158 n, 260, 502 n.
Dawson, George, 160 ; Thomas, 160.
Deer in Warkworth park, 68, 115, 116, 1 17; in Acklington
park, 368 n, 377-379.
Delaval, John, 167 ; Robert, 70, 73.
Dent, — , murderer of Mr. Harrison of Flixton, 465,
467; Robert, of Newcastle, 455 ; Thoma=, 251.
Denton, John de, 463.
Deuchar, Robert, 230, 236.
Dialect of Lower Coquetdale, 17.
Dixon, R. W., vicar of Warkworth, 188.
Dodds (Dods), Joseph, 496 ; Marcus, 314 ; Robert, 123;
Thomas, 248.
Dodsworth of East Chevington, pedigree, 403 ; notices
of family, 402-404.
— Edward, huntsman to King James, 183, 402;
Elizabeth, 189 ; Thomas, 423.
Donjon. Sfe Warkworth castle.
Douglas, Earl William, harries Northumberland, 46.
Draycott, John, 213 ; Matthew of Durham, 213 n.
Dudley, John, duke of Northumberland, 322, 423. ■
Duncan, Rev. James, 159 n.
Dunelm, Stephen de, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Dunn, J. W., vicar of Warkworth, 188.
Dyvelston, Thomas de, 29.
Edlingham Moor, 457, 481.
Edward I., at Warkworth, 27.
Effigy of a knight in Warkworth church, 180.
Vol.. V.
Elder, Thomas, 202 n.
Elfled, abbess of Whitby, visits Coquet Island, 7, 315.
Elkes, Timothy, 71.
EUergill, Henry, vicar of Warkworth, 52, 184.
Ellis, A. J., 17.
Emeldon (Emblcton), Richard de, 445, 446, 462 ;
Thomas, 448, 449.
Errington, John, lands in i\Iorwick, 361.
Errington and Clatkson's inventory of contents of
Warkw-orth castle, 65.
Erskine, Thomas, 120.
Eshott, John, master of Brainshaugh, 483.
Espec, Walter, lord of Wark, Low Buston, and Sturton,
220.
Eure, family descended from lords of Warkworth, 27 ;
pedigree of Eure of Witton and Sturton Grange, 243.
— John, 26, 29 ; Henry, 140 ; Hugh, 26, 140 ; Sir Ralph,
59, 60 ; Ralph, Lord Eure, 244, 245 ; Stephen, 26 ;
William, Lord Eure, 242, 243, 244, 245 ; Sir William,
324; William, 324.
Eustace fitz John, 21, 25, 139.
Ewart (Eworthe), German, 417 ; Henry, 418,419 ; John,
420.
F.
'Face the deil,' 189, 397 n.
Falder, John, vicar of Shilbottle, 435.
Farnylawe, Thos., vicar of Embleton, 33 n.
Fawdon, Sir Robert de, 329.
Felton common, division of, 453.
Fenwick of Sturton Grange South Side, notices of,
248; of Meldon, 283-284, 332-334; of Kirkharle,
330, 331 ; of Nunriding and Borough-hall, 260, 502.
Fenwick, Barbara, 306; Bonner, 189, 260; Edward,
321 ; E. M., 260 ; Francis, 393 ; Sir Henry, 46 ; Sir
John, 74; John, 252, 331 ; Joseph, 393 ; Marmaduke,
331 ; Martin, 2S3, 324; Ralph, 158 n,i6o, 189, 200,
331, 397; Randal, 70, 330, 331; Roger, 58;
Robert, 260 ; Thomas, 260 ; Tristram, 252 ; Sir
William, 240, 2S3, 284, 302, 332, 334; William, 75,
153, 435-
Fife, Duncan, earl of, destroys Warkworth, 23.
'Fillets' of lead, meaning, 57.
Finch, Edmund, 155, 157; Edward, 157; George, 14S ;
Guy, 152; Henry, 67, 155, 202; Hugh, 64, 67,
117, 200, 201, 258 ; John, 152, 155 ; Nicholas, 115,
152; Robert, 152, 155, 201, 202; Thomas, 117;
William, 55, 152, 156, 163, 203.
Fisher, Thomas, chaplain, 145.
' Fisnames ' at Warkworth, 55.
Fisseburn, Thomas, 409.
65
5i:
INDEX.
t^
Fiiz-Herbcrt, Peter, 25.
Fiiz-IIughof Ravenw:ith, coheirs of Morwiik of Mor-
wick, nolices of family, 353-354, 400.
Fitz-Main of Ditchburn, 326-319.
Filz-Nigel, Agnes, 25.
Fitz-Wauler, Robert, 32.
Fleet, the, passes Warkworth in 1558, 60.
Forster of Low Buston, M.I., 183 ; sketch of history of
family, 226-230 ; pedigree, 227 ; Florence, identifi-
cation of, 226 n ; collection of Roman altars, made
by Charles Francis, 230.
Forster of Warkworth and Morwick, pedigree, 362.
Forster of High Buston, Hartlaw, and Wood-house,
notices of family, 213, 218, 437, 442, 443, 474-475.
Forster, Arthur, 280 ; Augustus Caesar, 230; Claudius,
239; Clement, 436; Francis, 118, 361; Florence,
226 n ; Grace, 189 ; James, 435 ; Sir John, 63, 64,
67, 154, 240, 258, 259, 487, 490, 493 ; John, 136,
183, 452 ; John Ferdinando, 190; Joseph, 118,442 ;
his inventory, 474; Julia Ca;sar, 190, 230; Sir
Matthew, 73, 448 ; Mary, 188 ; Nicholas, 239, 240,
;6i ; Ralph, 361; will, 474 n, Richard. 188;
Robert, will, 47J n ; Rowland, captain of Wark,
322 ; Samuel, 218 n ; Thomas, 447, 448, 449, 452 ;
Sir William, 240 ; Col. Forster, 449 ; General Forster
at Warkworth, 158.
Fotheiley, Thomas, 69, 73.
Fo.x, John, has lands in Togston, 329.
Freeman (Freman), Gilbert, 398, 399 ; Ralph, claims
lands at Shotton, 327 ; Robert, 409.
Fynes of Hurstmonceaux, lands in Morwick, 354-355 ;
in Chevington, 400.
G.
Gallon, Edward, 233,450; Elizabeth, 218 n; Ellen, 428;
Hugh, Z73, 4^8 ; J'jhn, 233, 451.
Gatehouse. See Warkworth castle.
Genealogies : Lords of Warkworth and Clavering, 25 ;
Davison of Warkworth Barns, 119 ; Buston of High
Buston, 214; of Ferryhill, 216; Wilkinson of
High Buston, 217 ; Buston of Low Buston, 222,
223 ; Beadnell of Low Buston, 225 ; Forster of
Low Buston, 227 ; Johnson and Musgrave of Low
Buston, 232; Bell of Shortridge, 234; Eure of
Witton and Sturton Grange, 243 ; Ord of Sturton
Grange, 247 ; Cook of Eastfield, 249 ; Dand of
Gloster-hill. 266 ; Arnold of Amble. 279 ; Patterson
of Amble, 280 ; Wilson of .Amble New-hall, and
Pegsworth, 288 ; Taylor of Amble, 293 ; Wid-
drington of Hauxley, 304, 306 ; Kirton of Hauxlcy,
309; Clark of Hau.\ley, 310; Cresswell of H.iuxley,
311 ; Carr and Rochester of Bondicar, 313 ; \\\\\\ of
Bondicar, 314; Togston of Togston, 328; Wharrier
of Togston, 336; Cook of Amble and Togston, 338;
Smith of Togston, 341; Morwick of Morwick, 350;
Grey of Morwick, 358; Horsley of Morwick, 359;
Forster of Morwick and Warkworth, 362; Appleby of
.\cklington, Eastfield, and Low Buston, 375 ; Rush-
worth of Acklington park, 381 ; Baird of We^t
Chevington, 394 ; Kelly of West Chevington and
Whorlton, 396; Dodsworlh of East Chevington, 403;
Brown of East Chevington, 405 ; Darcy of Hadston
and of Knayth, 411 ; Tison of Shilbottle, 417 ; Lisle
of Newton, 449 ; Strother of .Mnwickand Newton,
450 ; Cook of Newton, 453 ; Cook and Johnson of
Low Newton, 455; VVhittle of Whitt'e, 457;
Clutterbuck of Whittle and Warkworth, 459 ;
Acton, Thirkeld, and St. Quinton of Hazon, 467 ;
Lisle of Hazon, 470 ; Cook of Brainshaugh, 496 ;
Tate of Guyzance Bank-house, 499.
Geology of Warkworth and Shilbottle district, 8-14;
appendices, i., ii.
' Gemewes,' meaning of, 51.
Gibson, Jasper, of Stonecroft, 246.
GleJstaynes, James, of Cocklaw tower, 35.
Gloster-hill TOWNSHIP, 261-267 ;. references to, 145,
159, 169, 182; census returns, 261; Roman altar
described, 262 ; salt-pans belonging to Newminster
abbey, 262 ; township parcel of the rectory of
Warkworth, 263 ; demised as an ecclesiastical
leasehold, 263 ; notice of family of Palfrey, 263 ;
sketch of character and beneficence of George
Lawson, 263 ; his will and the inventory of his
goods, 264-265 ; pedigree of Dand, 266.
' Goat,' meaning of term, 262.
Golightly, Joseph, vicar of Shilbottle, 436.
Goodenough, Edmund and William, vicars of Wark-
worth, 188.
Gradon, Richard, of Whitburn and Buston Barn^, 231.
Graper, .\dam and Agnes, 44^, 446.
Greene, John, hermit at Warkworth, 134.
Gregson, John, of Sunnilaws, 189.
Grenville, Robert, in possession of Warkworth, 20.
Grey of Morwick, M.I., 183 ; notices of family, 343,
355. 357 ; pedigree, 358.
Grey, David, 390, 393, 399 ; Henry, 356, 393, 491 ;
Henry Neville Grey, 356; Katberine, 189 ; Ralph,
330. 335. 355. 39>. 392.4°°. 4°^ ; Sir Ralph, 68,
69, 71, 72, 73, 116, 117; Sir Thomas, 44, 225,
33°. 353. 355. 39' ; Thomas, 330, 555, 356, 401
402 ; Lord William, T17.
INDEX.
513
Gre}', Lortl, of \Varl<, ^92, 402.
Grey, Earl, 393, 406.
Grey, Lord, of Codnor, 44, 47.
Grey, Lord, of Willon, 60.
Grey Mare's Tail, 70, 96-99.
Grose, Francis, description of Waikworth, 77.
Gunnildes cross at Amble, 174.
Gurlegh, Hugh de, 347.
Guyzance TOWNSHtl", 476 ; the church, 477 ; Guyzance
Lee, 48S, 494, 497 ; the mill, 482, 486, 4S7, 488,
490,491,493. 6Ve Brainshaugh.
Guyzance, Galfrid de, 329 ; Robert, 419.
H.
Hadston township, 406-414 ; census returns, 406 n ;
the caput of the Heron barony, 406 ; connection
with castle at Newcastle, 408 ; notices of Heron
family, 407-410 ; subsidy rolls, 409-410 ; notices of
family of Darcy of Knayth with pedigree, 410-412 ;
muster rolls, 412 ; will of Lancelot Browell, 412 ;
township acquired by the Brandling family, 413 ;
by the Carnabys and Haggerstons, 413-414 ; and by
A. J. B. Cresswell, 414 ; the ' ancient farms,' 414 ;
agricultural implements invented by Coward, 414 n ;
the ancient mill, 414.
Haggerston of Haggerston, proprietors of lands in
Togston, 333, 334, 337 ; in Hadston, 414.
Halfdene's invasion, 19.
' Hallistone,' an ancient cross at Chevington, 397 n.
Haliwell, Robert de, 462, 463, 466 n.
' Hall-corn' rent, 281-282, 283, 284.
Hall of Bondicar, M.I., 183 ; pedigree, 314.
Halmarket, Robert, 483.
Hamon of Brothervvick, his son William a fugitive
neif, 253.
Handley, Thomas, vicar of Warkworth, 185, 190.
' Hangman's acre,' 163, 203.
Hansard, Gilbert, 407.
Hanvill of Brothervvick, notices of family, 253-254 ;
Galfridus, 241.
Harbottle, John, 114, 147.
Hardyng, the chronicler, 36, 43.
Harle (Herle), William de, 446.
Harper, Humphrey, 367; John, 367; Robert, 1S8 ;
Thomas, 371, 373 ; William, 376.
Harrison of Flixton, reference to murder of, 465.
Hart, William, vicar of Shilbottle, 435.
Hartlaw, situation and description of house, 473 ; the
Widdringtons, Forsters, Bacons, and Lawsons as
successive owners, 473-475.
Hassel of Daleinain, farmer (»f Warkworth icctorv,
192, 193.
Hastings, of Gissing, notices of family, 410 ; John,
rector of Morpeth, 390.
Hauxley TOWNSHil', 296-314; censi:s returns, 296;
geology, 296 ; coal workings, 297, 301 ; sea fishery,
297 ; kelp burning, 297 ; early and mediaeval history
and connection with Tynemouth priory, 298-300 ;
surveys, 298-301 ; subsidy roll, 298 ; the prior of
Tynemouth's rights challenged by Sir Gerard
Widdrington and decided by wager of battle, 299 ;
the order of the night watches, 300 ; muster roll,
300; the mill, 301, 312 ; crown grant, 302 ; memoir
of family of Widdrington of Hauxley, 303-308 ;
pedigree, 304; pedigree of Kirton, 309; pedigree
of Clark, 310; pedigree of Cresswell of Hauxley,
311 ; Bondicar, 312 ; pedigree pf Carr and
Rochester, 313; pedigree of Hall, 314.
Hauxle)% de Nicholas, who distinguished himself at
surrender of Mitford castle and prisoner of prior of
Tynemouth, 298 ; Roger, 140, 141.
Hawkhill, Thomas de, 419.
Hazon and Hartlaw townships, 461-475 ; census
returns, 461 ; urn, 461 ; notice of Hazon family,
■461-463 ; subsidy rolls, 462-463 ; muster roll, 463 ;
notice of families of Acton, Thirkeld, Lacy, and St.
Ouinton, 463-466; pedigree, 467; memoir of family
of Lisle of Hazon, 465-469 ; pedigree, 470 ; modern
owners of Hazon, 472; right of common in Guyzance
Lee, 488, 497, 498 ; monastic lands, 492 ; Hartlaw
and its successive owners, 473-475-
Hazon (Hason, Hayson, Hasand, etc.), Henry, 145,
146 ; Richard, 147 ; Richard the hermit of Waren-
ford, 463 ; Thomas, 144, 147, 162, 198, 199, 318 ;
William, 144.
Heddington, Henry, 1S9.
Helke, an alias of Robert fitz Roger, 24.
Henry IV. at Warkworth, 41.
Herfordlees granted to Newminster, 241.
'Hermet fall,' 365, 377.
Hermitage. See Warkworth.
Heron barony, 406-410; sketch of Heron family, 407-
410.
Heron, Sir Gerard, 37 ; Edward, 189 ; Elizabeth, 448 ;
Henry, 486, 490 ; Jordan, 398 ; Sir John, 33, 115 ;
John, 52, 58, 148, 447, 483 ; Richard of Bockentield
murdered, 466 ; Robert, rector of Ford, 28 ;
Thomas, 448 ; VVilliam Heron, Lord Say, 37,
38, 39 ; William, 448 ; Sir William, 446, 447,
448.
514
INDEX.
Hesilrigg, Donald de, acquires Brotherwick liy marriage
with Johanna de W.iulun, 255 ; will of Johanna,
156 ; Lancelot, 51.
Hesleyhead, John, vicar of Warkworth, his will, 185.
Hewitt, Sir William, a purchaser of monastic lands,
283, 290, 292, 302.
Hilton, lords of Hilton, Shilbottle, and Guyz^nce,
notices of family, 417-410, 479-4S2 ; Sir Robert de
Hilton e.xchanges Northumbrian for Yorkshire
manors, 420 ; Sir Alexander de Hilton, 446.
Hind's 'discharge note,' 393 n.
Hilchcroft, 423, 425, 463.
Hodgson, Catherine, 230 ; Heniy, 258; Richard, 230 ;
Thomas, 257, 25S.
Hogg of Hazon, M.I., 434.
Holpot, Alan, 140. 141.
■ Holy-bread money,' 194, 195.
Hopyn, Cuthbert, vicar of Warkworth, 185.
' Horse-bread,' 55.
Horsley of Morwick, pedigree, 359.
Horsley, George, 331, 379; Henry, 2S3, 285, 2S7, 290,
376; John, 354, 355, 423; Richard, 329; Robert,
59.3='9.33o; Thomas, 53, 56,331,371; William, 373.
Hospital of St. John Baptist, 237-240 ; a thirteentb-
Cfnlury lawsuit, 237 ; claimed bj' the earl of
Northumberland, 239 240; purchased by Sir John
Forster, 240 ; later owners, 240.
Hospitallers' lands at Warkworth, 115 ; Togston, 327 ;
Morwick, 361 ; Chevington, 400 ; and Shilbottle,
421, 426, 428, 429.
Hounden, early notices of, 113 n ; old place names at,
236 ; mill, 191, 237.
Howard, Sir John, 47 ; Lord William, 70.
Hudson of Arable, notices of, 281, 283 ; i/iid. of
Hauxley, 301, 302, 303, 311 ; Joseph, vicar of
Warkworth, 188; Thomas, 146.
Hunsdon, Lord, censures Sir John Forster's misdoings,
64.
Hunter of Hartlaw, M.I., 183.
Huntley, Thomas, underkeeper of Acklington park,
148, 379.
1.
llderton, Thomas, 114.
Invultation practiced at Acklington, 376.
Ion, Elizabeth, 189 ; William, vicar of Warkworth, 157
186 ; collision with rebels, 158.
J.
James I. at Warkworth, 71, 77.
Jamieson, Thomas, 454.
Jefferson, .Matihew, holds a court for manor of East
Ditchburn, 337.
Jesuit mission at Sturton Grange, 246.
Jesus Hospital, Newcastle, has lands at Whittle, 458-
459-
Jobson, John and Christopher, buy and sell Sturton
Grange, 246.
Jocc, John, of Chevington, 390.
Johannes Monoculus, 25.
John, at Warkworth, 24.
John filz Robert I,, lord of Warkworth, pedigree, 25 ;
one of the twenty-five Magna Charta barons, 25 ;
endows chapel of St. Mary .Magdalen, 121.
John fitz Robert 11., pedigree, 26; does homage, 29 ;
grants Whalton to Scrope, 30 ; and Warkworth to
the king, 30 ; death, etc., 32.
John fitz Roger, 25, 121, 326.
Johnson of Low Buston, notices of family, 231-233 ;
pedigree, 232.
Johnson of Low Newton, pedigree, 455.,
Johnson family, proprietors of Sturton Grange East-
field, 250 ; of Walk Mill, 252; of lands in .Amble,
291.
— Henry, vicar of Bywell, 250 ; Henry, 250 ; Thomas,
252 n ; William assumes the name of .Appleby, 250.
K.
Keith, Lord, 66.
Kelly of Chevington and Whorlton, notices of family,
324 ; pedigree, 396.
Kelp burning, 297.
Kendal, Edward, 383 ; George, 383 ; Jonathan, 383.
Kennedy of Felton, 496, 497.
Kerr raid on Whittle, 54, 457.
Kirton of Hauxley, notices of family, 296, 302, 303,
304, 308 ; pedigree, 309 ; wills, etc., 309.
Knights Hospitallers. Sie Hospitallers.
Kynton, Adam de, 140.
Laci, Roger de, 25.
Lacy of Folkton, notice of family, 464-465, 467.
Ladyman, John, vicar of Warkworth, 67, 185, 210, 435.
Laing, family, owners of lands at Burradon and at
Walk Mill, 252 ; ML, 434 ; farmers of Hazon, etc.,
437, 47^ n-
Lamb, John, a centenarian, 189.
Lampleugh, Godwin, 50.
Lancaster, George, chaplain of Warkworth Hermitage,
54. '34-135. 239.
INDKX.
515
Lancaster, Edmund, earl of, 444-445 ; Henry, duke of,
446 ; John, duke of, 446.
Lancaster, John, duke of Bedford, 42, 43, 44, 421,
Landriggs, 498, 502.
Langley abbey, founded by Robert fitz Rogtr, 24.
Latimer, William, Lord, 352 ; William, 399.
Law, John, vicar of Warkvvorth, afterwards bishop of
F.lphin, memoir of, 1S7.
Lawson of Longhirst, notices of family, 291, 340, 472,
Lawson, Catherine, of Bj'ker, 334-335 ; Edward, 291,
472 ; George of Gloster-hill, 118, 159, 16S, 169,
1S2, 263-265, 45S n ; Henry, of Byker, 334; Robert,
of Ulgham, 166 ; Wilfrid, vicar of Warkworth, i3on,
182, 186, 187, 192 ; William E., 472.
Lawson-Smith, E. M., 291, 340.
Leadbitter, John, of Amble Hope, 189.
Learchild, obtained by Thos. Buston in marriage,
215.
Leckonfield, advowson of, 46.
Leeds, Sir George W., 437.
Leland, John, visits Warkworth, 58; and Coquet Island,
33>-
Leslie, of Slindon, lands and royally in Amble, 285,
287 ; in Hau.xley, 310.
Lewin. of Warkworth, Amble and llauxley, notices of
family, 160, 286. 310; Henry, 160; Jane, 118;
John, 160, 202, 203 ; Nicholas, 156, 157, 160, 285,
286, 288, 303, 310 ; Thomas, 71, 72, 73, 117, 155,
157, 160, 286, 2S7.
Liddell, .Matthew, 246.
' Lightning Colomm,' a Dutch book on navigaiiun,
quoted, 323.
Lilburn, John, Master of Brainshaugh, 484-485, 489.
Linskill, William, 357.
Lisle of Hazon, M.I. and arms, 433-434 ; notices of
family, 463-466, 46S-472 ; pedigree, 470.
Lisle of Newton-on-the-.\Ioor, notices, 449, 455 ; pedi-
gree, 449.
Lisle (de Insula), Anne, 309 ; Sir Humphrey, 423 ;
John, 29, 470, 472 ; Lancelot, 463 ; Reginald, 122 ;
Richard, 156 ; Robert, 166, 436, 495 ; Thomas, 122,
429, 463, 466 ; William Beresford Lisle, 495.
Lizures, Albreda, 25.
Lock, William, 118.
London, citizens of, purchase from the crown lands at
Amble, 282; at Hauxley, 302;. at Brainshaugh,
492.
Lumley of Lumley, family coheirs of Hugh de Mor-
wick, 347-353 ; lands in West Chevington, 3.S7-
391 ; in East Chevington, 399-400.
Lumley, George, 352 ; John, 352, 353 ; John, Lord
Lumley, 352, 353, 391 ; Marmadukc, 390, 399, 400 ;
Ralph, 352, 391, 400 ; Richard, 352; Robert, 350,
35'. 352. 3S9. 390. 399. 4°" ; R'>xer. 347, 348, 349,
350. 35'. 3S7. 389 ; Thomas, 352, 391.
M.
.McKaine, Rev. Thomas, 159 n.
Madder, cultivation, 226 n.
M lidens'-hall, 397.
.\Ialeter, Robert, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
.Manners, John, 436.
.Manor courts kept in churches, 150.
-Mansetur, .Adam, 408 n.
Mantle, William, of Gloster-hill, 145.
Martin, the hermit of Coquet Island, 318.
' -Martyrdom of King Charles,' the, 194.
Masle (Male), Avicia, 253 ; Richard, 253 ; William,
144, 366 n.
Mauduit, Roger, 408 n.
Mautilent (Maukaland), Christiana de, 389. 399, 401 ;
John, 400, 401 ; Richard, 398 ; Robert, 389, 398,
399, 4°o-
Ma.xon, Richard, 114, 256, 258 ; William, 153, 485.
Maxwell, Edward, 307 ; Robert, 307.
Meggison of Whalton and Bondicar, notices of family,
312. 3'3-
Memmerkirk, 3.
Merlays, said to have been lords of Warkworth, 20 ;
proprietors of Morwick, 345.
.Middleton, John, captain of Warkworth, 41 ; John,
446 ; Thomas of Silksworth, 409 n.
Milburn of Birling, notices of, 75, 203-204.
Milburn, Barbara, 156, 163, 164; John, 204; John D.,
253,502; Martin, 158 n, 204 ; Ralph, 75; Richard,
210; Robert, 157,204; William, 75, 156, 157, 166,
202, 203, 204.
Miles, H. E., incumbent of .Acklington, 376.
Mills, Henry, 307 ; John, 437.
Mitford, Sir John, 37, 39 ; Robert, 189.
Mohl, Herman, 404.
Montagu tower, 55, 99. See Warkworth castle.
Montagu, Lord, 48, 49.
Montagu, William, marquis of Salisbury, 220.
Montfort, Simon de, obtains Newton-on-the-Moor, 444.
Moor, Archibald, vicar of Warkworth, 185, 190.
More, Richard de la, shipmaster, wrecked at .'\mble,
273.
Morland, Peter de, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Morpeth, John de, vicar of Shilbotile, 434.
5i6
INDKX.
Mortimer, F.Jtnund, brolher-in-bw to Hotspur, 34.
Morion, James, of Newcastle, 382 11.
Morwick TOWNSHIP, 343-362 ; census returns, 343 ;
incised rocks, 344 ; successive lord?, the Merleys,
the congregation of St. Cnthbert, and the Vescis,
345 ; memoir of the Morwicks, barons of West
Chevington, 345-347 ; Morwick seals, 346 ; the
co-heiresses of Hugh de Morwick and their de-
scendants, 347-351 ; subsidy mils, 349, 352 ; Mor-
wick pedigree, 350 ; notices of Bulmer family, 347-
353 ; the l.um'ey family, 348-352 ; fitz Hugh
family, 353-354; muster roll, 3^4; Fynes family,
3S4i 355; notices of Grey family, 355-357; t''e
garden tomb, 357 ; pedigree of Grey, 35S ; notices
of Horsley family. 355, 359-361; pedigree, 359;
pedigree of Forster, 362.
Morwick of Morwick, barons of West Chevington,
pedigree, 350; memoir and notices of family, 180,
345-347. 386-3S7> 398-399 ; seals and arms, 346,
350 ; traditional connection with Warkworth Moor,
165; monument erroneously ascribed to Sir Hugh
de Morwick, 180.
Morwick, Robert de, 140, 141, 389 ; Warin de, 352.
Mowbray, Robert de, earl of Northumberland, 19. 20,
271, 298, 316.
Muers, John, 160 ; William, 160.
Murray, John, engineer of Warkworth harbour, 294.
Muschamp (Mushums) of Acklington, Edward,
373 n ; Robert, iSS ; Roger, 373 ; Stephen, 189,
373-
Musgrave of Low Buston, notices of family, 231-233 ;
pedigree, 232 ; will of Anthony of Newcastle, 233 ;
will of Richard, vicar of Longhoughton, 233 ; will
of William of Newcastle, 233.
N.
Nairn, M.D., David, owner of Coquet Island, 324.
Nevill,Sir John, 44 ; John Nevill, earl of Northumber-
land, 48, 99 ; Ralph, 30, 31.
Newbiggin men accused of wrecking, 274.
Newhrough, the ear! of, lands in Amble, 2S4-287 ; in
Hauxley, 310.
Newminster abbey, lands in Low Buston, 221-223 ; in
Sturton Grange, 241-242 ; in Walk Mill, 252; salt-
pans near Amble, 20, 262.
New-moor-house, 425.
Newport, William de, rector of Wearmnuth, 33 n.
Newton, Robert, of Wallsend, 189.
J^ewton hall, situation, etc., 454 ; collection of paint-
ings, etc., 454.
Newton-on-the-Moor TOWNSHIP, 443-455 I census
returns, 443 ; given to Simon de Montfort by
Rametta the Viscountess, 444 ; Edmund, earl of
Lancaster, 444 ; subsidy rolls, 445 ; medixval lords
and proprietors, 445-448 ; pedigree of Lisle, 449 ;
pedigree of Strothcr, 450 ; notice of Captain
Widdringlon, 452 n ; pedigree of Cook, 453 ;
pedigree of Cook and Johnson, 455 ; tithes, 455 ;
division of Felton common, 455 n.
Northumberland, carl of (Percy), 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 40,
41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55,
56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 8, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75,
82, «5, 87, 90, 94, 95, 112, 113, 116, 122, 123, 133,
'34. 135. '55. >63. '64, 210, 2". 2'i. 237. 239.
240, 245, 255, 257, 258, 259, 260, 276, 282,
301 n, 319, 322, 324, 353, 378, 379 D, 401, 415, 416,
420, 423, 429, 440, 442, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467,
468, 482, 497, 498. See Percy.
Northumberland, duke of, 168, 197, 19S, 213, 216, 218,
237, 246, 253, 260, 307, 343, 357, 363, 376, 382,
43'. 433. 438. 443. 498. 499. S°^-
Northumberland, Henry and William, earls of, 20.
Northumberland, Simon de St. Liz, earl of, 20.
Northumberland, John Dudley, duke of, 322, 423.
o.
Ocgings, Bernician princes, owners of Warkworth,
18.
Ogle, Robert Lord, 47 n, 421.
Ogle, Gabriel, 210, 225, 239 ; James, 167 ; John, 287 n ;
Henrj', 75; Lancelot, 259-260; Mark, 436;
Nathaniel, 472 ; Sir Robert, 44 n, 46 n : Robert,
47 ; Thomas, 66, 434.
Orby, .Vlary, 141.
Ord of Sturton Grange, history of family, 245-248 ;
arms and epitaph of William Ord of Prudhoe, 245 ;
Jacobite sympathies, 245 ; pedigree, 247 ; wills,
247-248 ; acquire the Grange mill, 251.
Ord, George, 447 ; John, 448 ; Lancelot, 246 ; Thomas,
448 ; William, 70.
Ormlee, 483, 486, 488, 4S9, 490, 494, 497, 498.
Osbert, the king, lakes Warkworth from the monks,
»9-
Osmolherley, Mary, 156, 18S, 195 n, 494; will of, 495.
Otley, William, 189.
Otterburn, Adam, 55.
Overgrass, 447.
Ovington dam, 115.
' Oxenbridge, Mr. ' rated for lands in Brotherwick,
260.
INDEX.
517
Palfrey, Frances, iSS ; John, 265, •i73 n ; Joseph, 189 ;
Mary, 1S9 ; Stephen, 361, 373.
Palliser of Shilbotlle, notices of family, 422, 425, 426,
427, 430 n, 4.31 n, 436.
Parker, John, of Norwich, crown lessee of Amble, 28 1 ;
of Hauxley, 300.
Parr, Lord, at Warkworth, 59.
Paston letters quoted, 47.
PateshuU, Hugh de, 347.
Patrick, abbot of Alnwick, 480.
Patterson of Amble and Togslon, pedigree, 280 ;
notices of family, 280, 281, 283, 337 ; Edward, 335 ;
John, 332, 335, 337, 367, 369 ; William, 367, 369.
Paynell, Edmund, parson of Berghton, 390.
Pearson, Anthony, of I.ong Benton parish, 189.
Peche, Sir William, 47.
Peck, PhlUis, 1S9.
Penrith, John de, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Percy, Countess Alianor, 319 ; Lady Elizabeth, 33 n ;
Countess Elizabeth, 75 n ; George, 467 ; Henry,
31. 3^. 33. 38. 39. 40, 41, 44. 48, 49. ^4. 6/. 82, 141,
142, 206, 275, 467, 482 ; (Hotspur), 34, 35, 36, 37,
43 ; John, 44 ; Ingram, 199, 366 ; Lady Margaret,
133 ; Margaret, 467 ; Countess Maud, 33 n, 49, 92 ;
Lady Mary, 299; Ralph, 114, 463,467; Thomas,
40, 56, 60, 67, 6S ; William, 37S. Sef Northumber-
land, earl of.
Percy seals, 45, 90 ; arms, 91-92, 177 n.
Philipsteads, 397 n.
Pickering, Sir John, 49.
Plague at Warkworth, 58, 99.
Plessey, John de, 327.
Plumpton, Sir Robert, 52 ; Sir William, 48, 445, 446.
Podio, Donus de, a Lucca money-lender, 30.
Populton, Robert, prior of Huln, 32.
Porritt, Henry, shorthorn breeder, 325.
Porter, John, 141.
Potter, M.P., Hugh, 74.
Prehistoric remains : at Warkworth, 138 ; Low Buston,
219-220; Amble, 267-271 ; Hauxley, 297; Coquet
Island, 316; Morwick, 344; Chevington, 386;
Shilbottle, 416, 440; Hazon, 461; Brainshaugh
and Guyzance, 476.
Premonstratensian order at Warkworth, 195 n
Proctor, Dorothy, 437 ; John, 1S9.
Pulhore, John, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Punshon, Nathaniel, 307 ; Timothy, 305.
Purvis of Bedlington, notice of family, 265 n.
Pye, John, 75 ; William, vicar of Shilbottle, 435.
R.
Radcliffe family, lands in Amble, 284-286; in Haux-
ley, 310; in Togston, 535-337; Cuthberl, 207;
Edward, 51, 53, 147.
Radcliffe coal company and colliery, 8-9, 10,267, 294,
297-
Ralph, vicar of Shilbottle, 418, 434.
Ramsay, Mr., of Brinkburn, 404.
Ranington, Robert de, 298.
Rattray, A. W., 293-294.
Raven, William, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Raynham, Robert de, 273, 275 n, 299 n.
Reaveley, George, buys and sells Sturton Grange, 244-
245.
Red Row of Chevington, 397 n.
Reed of Amble, notice of family, 291.
Reed, John, 120, 383; Robert, 141 ; William, 118.
Richard, chaplain of Shilbottle, 434.
Richard fttz Eustace, 21, 25.
Richardson, Henry, a centenarian, 1S9.
Ridley of Blagdon, tithe farmers of Warkworth, 193 ;
lands at Chevington, 396 n.
Righ, John, 199, 370 ; Richard, 229 n ; Thomas, 229 n ;
William, 229.
Rimside, 419, 421, 424, 425.
Ritson, Rev. Jos., 436.
Robin, John, shipmaster, wrecked at Amble, 273.
Robinson, Edmund, vicar of Warkworth, 185 ; John,
inventory, 392.
Robert fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth, 23, 24. 25. 26,
27-29, 32, izi, 140, 162, 206, 254, 318.
Roberts, J. B., vicar of Shilbottle, 436.
Robson, Richard, 252.
Rochester of Whalton and Bondicar, notice of family,
with a pedigree, 312-313.
Rochester, Edward, vicar of Wooler, 404.
Rock inscriptions at Morwick, 344,
Roger fitz John, lord of Warkworth, 26, 27, 139, 162,
197, 205, 363.
Roger fitz Richard, lord of Warkworth, 2 1,22, 23, 25, 138.
Rogerson, Rev. William, 159 n.
' Rogue money,' 194.
Ros (Roos, Ross) of Wark, lords of Low Buston, 220,
221 ; and of Sturton, 241 ; John of Hamlake, 141 ;
Robert of Ingmanthorp, 412.
Roseles family, coheirs of Morwick of Morwick, 348 ;
Sir John, 347, 348, 349, 350, 387, 398.
Rosemunderley. See Osmotherley.
Rothbury, Hugh de, deposits treasure at Warkworth,
2S-29.
5i8
INDKX.
Rotlibury Spital, 240.
Rowlin, Cuthbert, of Dalemain, 189.
Rushworlh, John, the amiquary, 380-3S1 ; pedigree,
3S1 ; Lawrence, 301 n, 371, 3S0, 381.
S.
St. Alban's abbey estates in Amble, etc., 271.
St. Anna, a Dutch vessel, 404.
St. Cuthbert at Coquet Island, 7, 315.
St. James, Shilbottle, 432, 433.
St. John Baptist, hospital of, 237-240.
St. John's close, 115.
St. John of Jerusalem, Knights of. See Hospitallers.
St. Helen's day, bounder riding, 282.
St. Henry of Coquet, memoir of, 316-318.
St. Hilda's head in window at Warkworth, 182.
St. Lawrence, Warkworth, 170-1S2.
St. Leonard's hospital at Alnwick, 46.
St. Liz, Simon de, earl of Northumberland, 20, 139.
St. Margaret's, in the parish of Alnwick, 240.
St. Mary's chantry, Alnwick, 145, 146, 147, 152,
'53-
St. Mary Magdalen's chapel, 121-123.
St. Mary and Holy Cross burgages, 145.
St. Maur, Sir Lawrence, 349, 350, 387, 3S9 ; Nicholas,
35°. 351-
St. Quinton of Harpham and Hazin, notices of family,
466-468 ; pedigree, 467.
St; Wilfrid of Guyzance, 477-479.
Salkeld, John, 432, 435, 436 ; Major William, 333.
Sailau, William, vicar of Warkworth, 184.
Salmon for winter use, 49 ; given in alms, 50 ; fishing,
114-115, 489.
Salt pans, 20, 22, 262.
Sanctuary at Durham sought by Warkworth brawlers,
148.
Scales (Shales), John, chaplain, 145, 146, 147, 179.
Schools and school masters, 159, 169, 195,415,438,443,
494-
Scottish ambassadors at Warkworth, 55, 56.
Scroggs, Nicholas, 280 ; Thomas, 263.
Scrope, Lord, 45.
Seals, description of, Robert fiiz Rog'.;r 1., 24; John
fitz Robert L, 26 ; Robert fitz Roger II,, 27, 29 n;
John fitz Robert IL, 32 n ; Eva de Clavering', 32 n ;
second earl of Northumberland, 45, 90 ; fourth earl
of Northumberland, 90 ; Ernulf de Morwick, 346 ;
Sir John de Roseles, 349; Middleton, 409 n; Nicholas
Britle, chaplain or master of St. Mary Magdalen,
see Plate.
Selhy of Beal and Shilbottle, notices of, 429-430,
436.
Shafto, John, constable of Warkworth, 60.
Shakespeare's allusion to Warkworth, 33 n.
Shanks, Edward, vicar of Shilbottle, 435 ; Robert,
189.
Shepparde the Jesuit, 63.
Shielddyke-', 422, 424.
Shilbottle TOWNSHIP, 415-431; census returns, 415;
camp, 416; stone axe-hammer, 416; notices of
Tison family with a pedigree, 417 ; notices of
Hilton family, 417-420 ; subsidy rolls, 419, 420 ;
lordship acquired by Percies, 420 ; granted succes-
sively to duke of Bedford and to Lord Ogle, 421 ;
reacquired by the Percies, 421 ; medixval tenants,
417-422 ; list of grieves, 422 n ; si.xleenth-century
account keeping, 422 ; Percy surveys, 422, 424-
429 ; muster rolls, 423, 428 ; lordship granted to
Dudley, duke of Northumberland, 423 ; division of
common, 430; coal workings, 425, 431; school,
415, 438 ; the 'ancient farms,' 438 ; tower, 439.
Shilbottle church, 432-438 ; history, 432 ; M.I., 433 ;
ministers, 434 ; registers, 436 ; tithes, charities, etc.,
437-438; vicarage house, 439.
Shilbottle Wood-house TOWNSHtP, 440-443 ; census
returns, 440 ; iron sword, 440, an ancient park,
440-442 ; succession of tenants, 442-443.
Shipwrecks, 153, 273, 317.
Shortridge, 197, 201, 234-236.
Shotley Bridge, sword works, 404.
Shotton, lands belonging to Roger de Togston, 327.
Simpson, Robert, vicar of Warkworth, 186.
Skelly, John, vicar of Shilbottle, 189, 436.
Slegge, Edward, a hermit at \Varkworth, 134.
Smart, William, a shorthorn breeder, 325.
Smeaton, engineer of .Acklington dam, 383.
Smith of Amble and Togston, notices of family, 119,
279, 280, 281, 283, 285, 290, 340; pedigree, 341 ;
wills, etc., 342 ; Robert, 279, 2S1, 283 ; Roger,
281, 283, 290; Thomas, 2S3, 292, 472; Thomas
George, 290, 294, 326, 340 ; William, 285, 290,
^97 11, 307, 325, 334, 336, 337, 397 n ; E. M. Lawson-
Smith, 291, 326, 334, 340.
Smith, Thomas, vicar of Warkworth, i,S6.
Smokey chimneys at Alnwick and Warkworth, 64 n.
Smothing, John, janitor at Warkworth, 49, 147.
Smythies, W. Y., vicar of Shilbottle, 436.
Somerset, the duke of, contemplated restoration of
Warkworth castle by, 76.
Spital, Warkworth, 237-240.
INDEX.
519
Spital-garlh, 400.
Spencer, Robert, porter at Warkworth, 50.
Spoor, Lieut. Nicholas A., 231.
Staindrop communion plate, +3; n.
Stamp of Shilbotlle, notices of family, 422, 423, 426,
427, 42S, 429, 441, 442.
Stanhope, Rojer de, vicar of Warkworth, 1.S4.
Stevinson, Richard, the earl's chariotman, 54.
Stewart, Murdoch, a prisoner at Homildon, 34, 44 ;
Rev. William, 159 n.
Stockdell, Edward, 240.
Story, John, 215 ; William, 190.
Straker, Joseph, 252 ; Robert, 7.52 n ; Thomas, 252 n ;
William, 155, 250.
Strangew.ays, Sir James, of Harlse}-, 412.
Strother of Newton-on-the-.Moor, arms, 433 ; .M.I.,
434; charities, 43S, 443 n; notices of family,
449 ; pedigree, 450.
trother, Anthony of Easttield, 250 ; Arthur, 232,
233,429, 442; Edmund of Alnwick, 485; Henry,
45, 232 ; John, 50 ; ^ViUiam, 45.
Stryvelyn, Sir John de, 446.
Sturton Grange TOWNSHIF, 241-252 ; census returns,
241 ; granted to Newminster by Everard de Ros,
241 ; great tithes granted by bishop of Carlisle and
confirmed by the pope, 242 ; lordship granted by
the crown to Lord Eure, 242 ; pedigree of Eure of
Witton, 243 ; Scottish raid, 244 ; muster rolls, 244 ;
oppression of tenants, 244 ; notices of Ord family,
245-246 ; Jesuit mission, 246 ; pedigree of Ord,
247 ; their wills, 247-248 ; South Side, 24S ; East-
field, 24S ; pedigree of Cook, 249 ; the Grange
mill, 250-251.
Stuteville, Robert de, 140.
Sunderland park at Warkworth, 112, 113, 115.
Surrey, earl of, at Warkworth, 52.
Surtees, Elizabeth, 190; Sir Thomas, 33.
Susse-x, earl of, at Warkworth, 63.
Swinburne, Sir John, 29 ; Thomas, 426.
Swinhoe of Mousen and Whittle, notice of family, 457-
45S ; Gilbert the tragedian, 458 n ; Thomas, 449 ;
William, 447.
Swinlees, 419, 421, 424.
Sykelmore, Humphry, vicar of Warkworth, 185,
Tate of Guyzance Bank-house, pedigree, 499 ; notices
of family, 495, 49S, 499.
Tate, Anne, 189 ; George, 16S n, 397 ; John, 16S n ;
Robert, 246 ; Thomas, 253 ; William, 246.
\'0L. V.
Taylor of Amble, notices of family, 2S1, 28 3, 2S5. 292 ;
pedigree, 293.
Taylor, Hugh, 4.31 n ; Thomas, 431 n.
Taylor's charity at Shilbottle, 43S.
Tcasdale, Captain William, 305.
Tempest, Sir Richard, 33.
Temple of Berwick, land; in .-Vmble, 291-292.
Tenterheugh, 162, 193, 199, 203.
Thew, Edward, 231, 236.
Thirkeld of Estrope and Hazon, pedigree, 467 ; notices
of famil)', 463-466.
Thirkeld, Christopher. 52. 366 ; Michael, 65.
Thirlwall, Richard de, 273.
Thirston, 408 n.
Ihoburn, Esther, 16S n ; James, 160.
Thomas, vicar of Warkworth, 171, 184; vicar of
Shilbottle, 419, 434.
Thomlinson, Nicholas, vicar of Waikworth, 186.
Thompson, John, rector of Botha). 287, 2S8 ; George S.,
incumbent of Acklington, 376 ; Henry, 251 ; Thomas,
250.
Thornton, George, 118 ; Roger, 46, 31 8.
Tindal, John, owner of Bullock's-hall, 397.
Tinling-Widdrington, General Sir David, 305, 308.
Tison of Alnwick and Shilbottle, pedigree, 417 ;
German, 398, 461, 479 ; Gisbsrt, 477 ; Richard,
477, 479 ; William, 39S.
Tocket, Roger of Tocket, 466.
Togston TOWNSHIP, 325-343 ; coal-field, 151 ; census
returns, 325 ; cattle breeding, 325 ; tower, 326 ;
mediaeval history, 326-330 ; the fitz-Main family,
326 ; pedigree of Togston, 328 ; subsidy rolls,
328, 329; Fenwick family, 330-33I) 334;
inventory of George Horsley, 331 ; division of
township, 332 ; Carnaby family, 332-334 ; notice
of Browell family, 335 ; pedigree of Wharrier, 336 ;
connection with manor of East Ditchburn, 337 ;
pedigree of Cook, 33S ; wills, etc., 339-340;
pedigree of Smith, 341 ; wills, etc., 342-343.
Togston fainily, notices of, 326-329 ; pedigree, 328 ;
Gilbert, 326, 328 ; Roger, 326, 327, 32S ; Waller,
141 ; William, 28, 327, 328, 329.
Tomlin of Barnhill, notices of family, 164. 437, 498,
502 n.
Tossen, .Adam, vicar of Warkworth, 1S4.
Turner, John, 291, 335.
Turpin, Edward, 412, 413 n ; John, 257, 258.
Tynemouih priory, estates in Amble, 271-27; ; in
Hauxley, 29S-3C0 ; Coquet Island, 316, 31S, 321.
Tyzick, Benjamin C, 189.
66
;"2o
INDEX.
r.
Ufford, Thomas, 26.
I'mframvill, Gilbert, 409; Ingram, 33; Robert, 30,
43, 44, 46 ; Sibiila, 3+6, 34; n.
Uvedale, John, Co.
V.
Valence, William de, 27.
Valentine, Edwafd, 157, 15S n ; Thomas, 15S n.
\'aux, Sir John, 29 ; Richard, 39.
Vere, Adeliza de, 22, 25.
Vesci, Beatrix de, 25 ; Eustace de, 24, 25 ; Johnde, 39S,
4!^ 419 ; William de, 21, 25, 345, 34(1, 39S, 41S, 461.
Vicars, Thomas, vicar of Shilbottle, 435.
\'iollet-le-duc, adaptation of VVarkworth donjon, 101 n.
X'iscount family, lords of Xe\vton-on-the-Moor,444.
\V.
Walden, Lord, at Warkworth, -i.
Walk Mill TOWNSHIP, 251-253 ; John Robinson of
Walk Mill fined, 144; census returns, 251 ; origi-
nally a possession of Newminster, 252 ; crown
lessees, 252 ; later owners, 252-253.
Wallas, Geo., offers to buy Warkworth castle lead, 70 ;
William, of River Green, 470.
Walton, Anne, charity, 159 n ; Thomas, 133 n.
Wardle, John, will, 427 n.
Wardrobe, John del. 45.
Warkworth castle, 1S-112; prehistoric site, 18 ; Half-
dene, the Dane, 15 ; lordship said to have belonged
to the Merlays, 20 ; granted to Roger fiiz Richard,
21 ; extent of manor, 22 ; vill sacked and burnt bv
Scots in 1174, 23; visited by King John, 24;
genealogy of the lords of Warkworth, 25 ; 'the noble
castle,' 27 ; treasure deposited at, 28, 25 ; area, 29 ;
garrison helps to reduce rebel peels, 30 ; the siege
of 1327, 31 ; lordship granted to Henry Percy, 31 ;
Berwick burgesses imprisoned, 32 ; deaths at Wark-
worth of Henry Percy the Strong and Henry Percy
the Short, 31. 33; Percy conspiracy, 36; hidden
letters, 36 ; Sir Henry Percy refuses to surrender,
37-38; castle taken by Henry IV., 41; and given to
his son John, 42 ; Hardyng, the chronicler, 36, 43 ;
the second earl of Northumberland, 44 ; chantry
founded, 46 ; castle granted to duke of Clarence,
47 ; Warwick's headquarters, 47 ; Paston letters,
47 ; John Nevill, earl of Northumberland 48 ; the
fourth earl, 48; the sixth earl, 53; Laybourne's
report, 56 ; Bellysys' survey, 37 ; Leland's descrip-
tion, 58 ; plague amongst prisoners^S ; Lord Parr
and the duke of Norfolk, 59 ; Lord Grey of Wilton,
60; Thomas, 7th earl of Northumberland, 60 ; ships
sailing to Scotland in 1558,60; Clarkson's survey,
61-62 ; castle surrendered to Sir John Forster, 63 ;
Hall and Hombertson's survey, 63 ; Lords Sussex
and Hunsdon, 63-64 ; Sir John Forster 's spoliation,
64; smokey chimney in 1570, 64; inventory of
contents of castle in 1574,65 ; Slockdale's survey,
67 ; Camden's notice, 67 ; the castle bell, 67 ;
prisoners famished, 67 ; castle leased to Sir
Ralph Grey, 68 ; and to Ralph Ashton, 68 ;
reports by Whitehead, the earl's officer, 68, 69,
70, 71 ; lead and timber sold, 70-71 ; castle visited
and admired by James I., 71,78; wasted by Sir Ralph
Grey, 71-72 ; oats stored in donjon, 73 ; castle leased
to Sir Francis Brandling, 73 ; surrender to Scots in
1644, 73 ; Cromwell's garrison, 75 ; castle leased to
Ralph Milburn, 75 ; materials given to John Clark,
75 ; Carter's report, 76 ; Grose's description, 77 ;
architectural description, 77-111 ; heraldic lion, 78 ;
postern door and west curtain. 79-81 ; Crakefergus
tower, 81-S3 ; gatehouse, 83-S6 ; great chamber,
87 ; the little stair tower, 87-88 ; the Lion tower
and great kitchen, S9-93 ; Percy arms and seals,
90 ; the college, 93-96 ; well and brew-house, 96 ;
the Grey Mare's Tail tower, 97-99 ; the Montagu
tower and adjacent buildings, 99-100 ; south curtain,
loo- 101 ; interior of donjon, loi ; entrance vault,
103 ; great hall, 105 ; kitchen, 106 ; chapel, 107-
108 ; great chamber and privy chamber, 109-110;
clerk's chamber, the constable's chamber, and tlie
watch tower, 111 ; mason marks, j^^ appendix iii.
Warkworth park and demesne, 112-120 ; enlargement,
113; wild animals and deer, 113, 1 r 5, 116, 117;
mediaeval accounts, 113-115; fishings, 114; St.
John's close, 115; Percy surveys, 115-116; mills,
117; floods, 118; Old and New Barns farms,
119.
Warkworth, chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, 121-123.
Warkworth hermitage, 124-135 ; description, 125-130 ;
domestic buildings, 130; origin discussed, 131;
'The Hermit of Warkworth,' 132 ; chaplains, 134-
>3 5-
Warkworth BOKOUCH, 136-161 ; census returns, 137;
ancient quern, 13S ; old inns, 137 n, 159-160 ; fairs,
140; mediaeval history, 139-142; bridge and gate-
house, 142 ; cross upon the bridge, 142 n ; court
rolls, 144, 155-157; manorial officers, ale-tasters,
etc., 144, 156; Peicy surveys, 145-147, 149-154;
muster roll, 148; haven, 149; moot hall, 150;
iNni;x.
52t
courts kept in the church, 150; bridge masters,
149, 151; burgesses originally copyholders, 156;
the rebellion of 1715, 15S ; market cross and Wark-
worth feast, 159; nonconformist churches, 159:
schools, 159.
Warkworth, New-town and common, 1+9, 161-169;
New-town, 'tens and scribes,' 161, 161, 164; early
tenants in New-town, 162 ; Percy surveys of New-
town, 149, 163 ; law suit, 163 ; common said to
have been given by Sir Hugh de Morwick, 149 ;
165 ; Percy surveys of common, 149, 165 ;
privileges and duties of burgesses, 166-167 ; en-
closure of common, 16S ; borough school, 168.
■Warkworth church, 170-195; pre-Conquest history and
connection with see of Carlisle, 170; pre-Conquest
headstone, 17: ; architectural description, 173-17S ;
chantry, 179, 254 ; description of knightly effigy,
180; ancient glass, iSi ; communion plate, bells,
etc., 182; M.I., iS2; ministers, 1S4-1S8; registers,
iSS ; miscellanea, 190; select vestry, 194; lost
charities, 195 n.
Warkworth, Benedictine cell, 195.
Warkworth Spital, 237-240; mediieval history, 237;
survey, 239 ; modern owners. 240.
Warkworth mill, 49, 73, 114, 116, 117, 121, 122, 139,
14', 142, 155, '9', 274, 275. 301. 31S.
Warkworth, John, master of Peter-house, 47 n.
Warmouth, John de, chaplain, 45.
Warwick, earl of, 47, 48.
Warwick, of Warwick hall, notices of family, 494-495.
Warwick, Francis, 157 ; John, vicar ofWarkworth, 155,
1S5 ; Thomas, 156, 436.
Wastell, Joshua, 1S9, 314.
Watershaugh, 165, 257.
Watson of Newton-by-the-sea and Warkworth Barns,
pedigree, 119; notices of family, 1S9, 265.
Watson, Christopher, 435 ; Ralph, 474 : Thomas, 2o5,
207 ; William, 189.
^V'atts, John, 118, 164; Robert, 157, 15S.
Wauton, family, owners of Brotherwick, 254-255 ;
Johanna de, wife of Donald de Hcsilrigg, 253.
Weetslade, John de, 420.
Wellwood of Amble and Garvock, notices of family, 1S9,
293-294.
Wenlock, Lord, at Warkworth, 4-.
Werge, Edwards, of Hauxley, 311, 312.
Wesley, John, at Warkworth, 19:.
Weston, John de, 140, 141.
Wharrierof Birling, Amble, and Togston, pedigree, 336.
Whanier, Kdward, 53; Alice, 161, iSS; George, 199,
201 ; John, 144, 201, 282, 330, 331, 335 ; Matthew,
)i-. 33;> 336, 337 ; Robert, 56 ; Thomas, 144. 146,
162, 198, 199; William, 15-, i;8 n. 161. 200,
201, 202, 203, 28;.
Wharton, Thomas, 55.
Whirleyshaws, 165, 36S, 482.
Whitchester, Sir William de, 44 n.
' White ferm,' meaning of term, 32S n.
Whitehead, George, and Henry, the earl of Northum-
berland's officers, 68, 69, 70, 71. 72, 74, 116. 117.
287, 373. 3S0.
Whittingham pele, reduced in 1317, 30.
Whittle TOW.NSHIP, 456-460 ; allotment on Shilbotlle
common, 430 ; census returns, 456 n ; family of
Whittle, 456.457 ; subsidy roll, 457 ; raided by
Scots, 54, 457 ; notices of Swinhoe family, 457-45S ;
purchased for Jesus hospital, Newcastle, 458-459 ;
pedigree of Clutterbuck, 459; suit of mill, 488;
monastic lands, 492. 493.
Whittle, Arnold de, 224 ; Gilbert de, 456, 457 ; John
de, 447 ; Robert de, 445 ; Walter de, 445, 456, 457 ;
William de, 447, 44S.
Whitton, 6 ; Carr of, 4S5, 489, 493.
Widdrington of Hauxley, M.I., 183 ; pedigree, 304 ;
wills, etc., 306 ; notices of family, 191, 244, 278, 281,
282. 283, 235. 288, 289. 291, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301,
302, 303-30S, 311, 312, 324, 32;, 452-454, 473-474.
497-498, 499, 502.
Widdrington of Plessey, notices of, 455.
— Bertram, 132; Sir Gerard, 299,401; John, 44 n, 1 58,
393, 401 ; Hector, 394, 401 ; Sir Henry, 401 ;
Robert, 156, 157, 394, 473. 475- 493. 497. 499. 5°^ :
Rjger, 49, 329, 393, 401, 445, 446 ; Capt. Samuel,
M.I., 434; literary productions, 452; notices of,
452-454 ; Re •. Sidney, 308 ; William, 502.
Wilkinson of High and Low Buston, notices of family,
158 n, 216, 225, 233 ; a bow used at Hedgeley Moor,
216; pedigree, 217 ; wills, etc., 217.
— George, vicar of Shilbotlle, 434.
William, king of Scotland and earl of Northumberland,
20, 23
William IL, ships lost in 1091, 316.
Williams, John, vicar of Warkworth, 185.
Wilson of .^mble and Pegsworth, notices of family, 28 1,
283, 2S7 ; pedigree, 288.
Wilson of High Buston, notices of family, 206-213 ;
petition of John Wilson to t^e earl of Northumber-
land, 210.
INDEX.
Wilson, Charles, 190 ; Francis, 1S9 ; James, 406, 4-2 ;
. a Richard, i65 ; Ifobert. 157. i;S n; Roger, 105;
» Thom.is, 164, 436.
'^Vinscom, Thos. C, vicar of Warkworth, 18S.
Wireccster, Ralphj»has grant of Hadston barony from
Henry i., 4^-407.
Witham arms, 246.
Wolmer, a close so called, 142.
Wooden, tenants claim common of pasture in High
Bustoii, 21 in; purchased hj- Sir W. G. Armstrong,
214 ; allotment of Threap Moor awarded to Wooden,
215 n ; abortive sale, 229.
Woodman, Benjamin, 189.
Woodside, Chevington. 397.
' Worth,' meaning of, iS.
Woumphry, Mary, 1S9; Robeit, 203.
Wyclifle, William, 67.
Wyndale, John, chaplain, 3S.
Y.
Younger, George, i63 n ; Henry 157.
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