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THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


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A 


HISTORY 


OF 


NORTHUMBERLAND 


ISSUED    UNDER    THE    DIRECTION    OF 


THE    NORTHUMBERLAND    COUNTY    HISTORY 


COMMITTEE 


NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 
PRINTED    AND    PUBLISHED     BY    ANDREW    REID    &    COMPANY,    LIMITED 

LONDON 

SIMPKIN,    MARSHALL,    HAMILTON,    KENT,   &    COMPANY,    LIMITED 

1902 


o 

'.O 


u 


History  of  Northumberland 


VOLUME     VI 


The    Parish    of    Bywell    St.    Peter 
The    Parish    of    Bywell    St.    Andrew 

With   Blanchland 

The    Chapelry    or    Parish    of    Slaley 


By    JOHN    CRAWFORD    HODGSON,    F.S.A. 


NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE 
PRINTED    AND     PUBLISHED     BY    ANDREW    REID    &    COMPANY,    LIMITED 

LONDON 
SIMPKIN,    MARSHALL,    HAMILTON,    KENT,   &    COMPANY,    LIMITED 

igo2 


NE\VCASTLE-ni"ON-TVNE 
ANDKEW    KElLl   ic   COMI'ANV,   LIMITED,  PRINTING   COUKT    liUILDINGS 


6  TO 


PREFACE. 

This,  the  sixth,  volume  of  the  History  of  Northumberland,  comprises 
the  two  ancient  parishes  of  Bywell  St.  Peter  and  Bywell  St.  Andrew, 
with  their  respective  chapelries  of  Shotley  and  Blanchland,  together  with 
the  ancient  parochial  chapelry  or  parish  of  Slaley.  These  parishes  and 
chapelries  occupy,  to  a  great  extent,  the  high  district  which  forms  the 
water-shed  between  the  Tyne  and  Derwent.  The  eastern  half  of  the 
district  is  traversed  by  Watling  Street,  which  enters  it  near  Ebchester 
and  leaves  it  at  a  point  in  the  township  of  Riding,  near  Corbridge. 
The  volume  comprises  the  history  of  twenty-one  townships,  all  of  which 
are  members  of  the  baronies  of  Baliol  and  Bolbec  ;  and  the  baronies 
themselves  are  treated  of  at  some  length. 

Since  the  publication  of  their  last  volume  the  Committee  have  lost 
two  of  their  colleagues  by  death,  viz.,  Rt.  Rev.  Mandell  Creighton,  Bishop 
of  London,  who  lent  the  powerful  support  of  his  name  to  the  inception 
of  the  scheme,  and  Major-General  Sir  William  Grossman,  who,  as  long  as 
his  health  permitted,  was  a  regular  attender  at  the  monthly  meetings  of 
the  Committee,  where  his  presence  and  counsel  were  always  welcome. 

As  in  a  former  volume,  the  Editor  desires  to  express  his  personal 
obligation  and  gratitude  to  the  Duke  of  Northumberland,  the  Rev.  William 
Greenwell,  and  Mr.  C.  J.  Bates  for  reading  every  chapter  in  MS.  before 
it  was  sent  to  the  printer.  Mr.  Greenwell  has  also  contributed  the  account 
of  the  barony  and  house  of  Baliol,  and  the  architectural  description  of  the 
two   churches  at   Bywell.      The  account  of  Bywell  castle,  by    Mr.    Bates, 

Vol.  VI.  6 


773571 


VI  PREFACE. 

is  reprinted  from  Arc/uieologia  Aeliana  (with  the  permission  of  tlie 
Newcastle  Society  of  Antiquaries),  and  the  full  version  of  the  curious  story 
of  Edwanl  III.  at  Hlanchland  is  aist>  due  to  Mr.  Bates's  researches. 
The  introduction  and  the  description  of  the  section  of  Walling  Street 
included  in  the  district  are   by  Mr.   R.  ().   Heslop. 

The  Committee  have  again  to  express  their  obligation  to  Mr.  E.  J. 
Garwood,  now  professor  of  geology  at  King's  College,  London,  for  the 
chapter  on  the  geology  of  the  district.  Mr.  \V.  H.  Knowles  has  furnished 
the  plans  of  the  castle  at  Hvwell,  of  St.  Peter's  church  there,  and  of 
Newton  tower ;  he  has  also  written  the  architectural  description  and 
provided  a  plan  of  Blanchland  abbey  church. 

Mrs.  Barnett,  Mr.  \V.  C.  B.  Beaumont,  Mr.  Charles  Hall,  and  xMr. 
J.  F.  Laycock  have  contributed  substantially  to  the  cost  of  illustrations, 
which  have  been  prepared  chieflv  from  drawings  made  on  the  spot  by 
Mr.  \\.  J.  S.  Bertram,  antl  from  pln>toi;ra|)hs  by  Messrs.  Thompson  and  Lee. 

Among  the  landowners  who  have  permitted  every  use  to  be  made  of 
their  muniments  of  title  are  :  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Durham,  the 
Lords  of  the  Admiralty,  Lord  Crewe's  Trustees,  Sir  Arthur  Middleton, 
Sir  James  Joicey,  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont,  Miss  Bacon  Grey,  Miss 
Baynes,  Mr.  A.  W.  Dunn,  Miss  Hedley,  Miss  Sillick,  and  Mr.  J.  W. 
Walton-Wilson. 

Mr.  Mark  Archer  has  furnished  notes  from  the  Newton  deeds  of  Messrs. 
Hedley,  and  it  gives  the  Editor  peculiar  pleasure  to  acknowledge  the 
consideration  of  Mr.  T.  H.  Archer-Hintl,  who  forwarded  for  his  inspection 
the  Hind  papers  relating  to  .Slelling,  which  belonged  to  his  brother,  the  late 
Mr.  John  Hodgson-Hinde. 

Valuable  information  and  help  have  been  given  by  the  Rev.  Cuthbert 
Adamson,  Mr.  H.  A.  Adamson,  the  Rev.  D.  S.  Boutflower,  the  Rev. 
J.  C.  Dunn,  .Mr.  J.  W.  Fawcett,  Mr.  Joseph  Freeman,  Mr.  C.  W.  S. 
Goodger,   Mr.   H.   C.   Harvey,   Mr.   BIythe   Hurst,    Mr.   A.   L.   Smith  (the 


PREFACE.  VU 

librarian  of  Balliol  College),  Mr.  John  Nicholson,  Mr.  R.  T.  Richardson 
(sub-librarian  of  the  Newcastle  Public  Library),  Mr.  J.  B.  Simpson, 
Mr.  Thomas  Sisterson,  Mr.  W.  J.  Watson,  Mr.  Herbert  M.  Wood  and 
others. 

Miss  M.  T.  Martin  has  made  the  necessary  transcripts  from  documents 
at  the  Record  Office  ;  the  Rev.  G.  E.  Richmond,  the  Rev.  William  Sisson, 
the  Rev.  John  WagstafF,  the  Rev.  R.  W.  Wilson,  the  Clerk  of  the  Peace 
for  Northumberland,  and  Mr.  J.  J.  Howe  have  permitted  access  to  and 
have  given  extracts  from  registers  and  documents  in  their  custody. 

The  Editor  desires  to  express  his  obligation,  for  their  many  valuable 
emendations  and  suggestions,  to  those  of  his  colleagues  who  have  read  the 
proofs,  and  to  the  Rev.  Anthony  Johnson,  and  Mr.  L.  C.  Lockhart,  who 
have  also  read  the  proofs. 


CONTENTS. 

PAGE. 

Preface    ...           ...           ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...           ...           v 

List  of  Illustr.vtions              ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...                  x 

List  of  Committee             ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...           ...          xi 

.A,r).i>ENDA  ET  Corrigenda         ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...                xii 

JlSTI^QPyCTION—  • ;. 

Description  of  the  District           ...  ..            ...            ...           ...           i 

Geology               ...            ...            ...            ...  ...            ...            ...                   5 

Watling  Street      ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...           ...          13 

Z.>,  ...  ..  PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

'The  Barony  of  Baliol            ...            ...           ...  ...           ...           ...                 14 

Bywell"  Castle     ...           ...            ...           ...  ...           ...           ...           ...          75 

'The  ViLi.  OF  Bywell  and  Township  of  Bywell  St.  Peter     ...  ...                87 

JChurch  of  Bywell  St.  Peter       ...           ...  ...            ...           ...           ...        102 

'Sast  AcoMB- Township              ...           ...           ...  ...           ...            ..               118 

TsItWTON-HALL  TOWNSHIP      ...                 ...                 ...  ...                ...                 ...                 ...            122 

^Newton  Township      ...           ...           ...           ...  ...           ■■•           ...               130 

"^tELLiNO  Township            ...           ...            ...  .••            ...           ...           ...        137 

^Broomley  Township   ...            ...            ...           ...  ...           ...           ...               143 

Apperi.ey  Township           ...            ...           ...  ...           ...           ...           ...        162 

Temple  Healey  Township       ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...               169 

■.Whittonstall  and  Newlands  Townships  ...            ...           ...           ...        176 

'Whittonstall  Chapel             ...            ...           ...  ...           ...           ...               199. 

-Fotherley  Township         ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...           ...        202 

'ESpershields  Township           ...           ...         •  ...  ■  ...           ...           ...               206 

PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

The  Barony  of  Bolbec     ...           ...            ...  ...           ...           ...           ...        221 

Styford  Township      ...           ...           ...           ...  ...            ...             .•               232 

Township  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew              ...  ...           ...           ...           ...        238 

Church  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew          ...           ...  ••            ...           ••.               241 

Bearl  Township   ...           ...           ...            ...  ...           ...            ...           .-•        250 

S^ocksfield  Township  .           .....         ...           ...  ...           ...           ...               254 

Broomhaugh  Township     ...           ...            ...  ...            ...        .  •...           ...        261 

.Riding  Township         .....         ...           ...           ...  ...           -•■           ...               268 

Shotley  Low  Quarter  Township              ..,,.  ...           ...           ...           ...        278 

Shotley  Chapel,         ...  ,         ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...               .S04 

Bi.anchland,  or  Shotley  High  Quarter  Township  ...            ...           ...        312 

Blanchl.\nd  Abbey  Church    ...           ...           ...  ...           ...           ...               330 

Newbiggin  Township         ....          ...           ...  ...            ...           ...           ...        342 

CHAPELRY    OR    PARISH  OF    SLALEY. 

Slaley              ..'.            ...            ...            ...            ...  ...            ...            •■•               348 

Slaley  Church     ..;            ..;            ..'.'           ...  •.■            .-■            •••            •••        379 

Index..."         ..'.           ...  '          ...           ■■■           ...  ■-•           ...           ■•■               385 


LIST     Ol"     Il.l.rSTIx'A'riONS. 


The  two  lljwcll  Churches 

Map  

Charter  of  Eustace  Kaliol 

Charter  of  Hugh   Haliol 

Haliol  Seals 

John   Hahol,  Seal     ... 

IJywell  Castle   ... 

„  „        Iron  (Irated  Door 

Plan  

„  „        from  a  Drawing  circa    1786 

liywell,  from  an  Old  Print  circa    1754 

Hywell  St.   Peter's  Church,  Interior  ... 

„  „  „  Exterior  in   1824 

Plan 

Plan  of  Newton  Tower... 

Healey  circa   1819  ... 

.Seal  of  Guy  Darrayns   ... 

Whittonstall  Chapel,  Early  English  Corbel     ... 
„  „         Grave  Cover 

Quaker  Burial-ground  .it  Winnos-hill 

Liywell  Village  Cross 

By  well  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Exterior 

„  „  „  „  in  1824 

„  „  „  Grave  Covers  ... 

Inn  at  Riding-mill 

'The  Port,'  near  Black  Hedley 

Shotley  Church,  Exterior  in   1882 
„  „         Hopper  Monument  . 

General  View  of  Blanchland 

Blanchland  .Abbatial  Seals    ... 

Blanchland  .Abbey  Church,  Exterior 
,,  „  „  Interior  . 

,.  „  „  Piscina 

„  „  „  Plan 

„  „  „  Lavatory  Arch 

„  „  „  Grave  Covers 

„  „  „  Churchyard  Cross 

„  ,,  „  Old  Stained  Glass 

Shield-hall  Tower,  Exterior 

„  „         Interior,   Upper  Floor 

„  „  „  (Ground  Floor 

Remains  of  Dukesfield  Smelt-mills    ... 

Slaley  Church,  Exterior 


PAGE. 

froiUisfiicce 
I 
30 
36 
48 
68 
74 
76 
76 
84 
96 
102 
105 
106 

123 
174 
I  SB 
199 
200 
220 
240 
240 
241 
244 

277 
294 

304 
307 

3'2 
3-6 
330 
332 
333 
334 
336 
33(^ 
337 
338 
368 
368 

372 
379 


315- 


HISTORY     OF     NORTHUMBERLAND. 

Issued  under  the  Direction  of  the  Northumberland  County  Hisiory  Committee. 

COMMITTEE. 

The  Duke  of  Northumberland,  K.G. 

The  Earl  of  Tankerville. 

Sir  John  Evans,  K.C.B.,  F.S.A. 

W.  A.  W.'Vtson-.'Vrmstrong,  Esq.,  D.C.L. 

Cadwallader  J.  Baies,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Edward  Bateson,  Esq. 

Robert  Blair,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

C.  B.  P.  BosANQUET,  Esq. 

William  Brown,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

F.  W.  Dendy,  Esq.  • 

Rev.  William  Greenwell,  M.,^.,  D.C.L.,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A. 

Richard  Oliver  Heslop,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

Thomas  Hodgkin,  Esq.,  D.C.L.,  F.S.A. 

John  Crawford  Hodgson,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

John  G.  Hodgson,  Esq. 

W.  H.  Knowles,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

Richard  Welford,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Edward  G.  Wheeler,  Esq. 

Humphrey  J.  Willvams,  Esq. 


ADDENDA    HT   CORRKiENDA. 

Page  88,  to  the  second  parat^raph  mUl,  '  On  January  i,  1902,  when  clij,'t,'inj,'  a  grave  in  St.  TeteHs 
churchyaril,  near  the  cliantry  chapel  on  the  north  side  of  the  nave,  a  fragment  of  a 
Roman  ahar  was  unearthed  by  the  sexton.  No  traces  of  any  inscription  were 
visible.'     See  Proceedings  of  the  Newcastle  Society  of  Antic|uaries,  vol.  x. 

Page  100,  for  '  Francis  G.  Livell '  read  '  Francis  G.  Lovell.' 

Page  101,  line  18,  for  '  When  an  Act  of  I'arlianient  was  procured,'  read  'and  an  .Act  of  I'arlinnicnt 
was  subsequently  procured.' 

Page  131,  line  10,  for  '  Matillda  vidua'  read  '  Matilda  vidua.' 

Page  184,  note  i,  insert  full  stop  after,  'Jordano  capell' 

Page  199,  line  8,  for  'an  early  English  corbel '  read  'an  Early  English  corbel.' 

P.ige  201,  line  22,  for  '  Foster  of  Apperley '  read  '  Foster  (query  Fewster)  of  Apperley.' 

Page  220,  note  I,  for  '  Richard  Little'  read  '  Richard  Davidson.' 

Page  234,  delete  note  5,  suggesting  an  identification  of  Sessinghope.  Sessinghopc  evidently  lay 
on  the  western  or  south-western  confines  of  Blanchland.  See  Hugh  de  Bolbec's 
charter  for  the  further  endowment  of  Blanchland,  post  p.  314.  It  belonged  to 
Sir  Claudius  Forster  in  1608.     See  post,  pp.  232,  357. 

Page  247.  The  Rev.  Thomas  Randal,  whose  facts  in  the  State  of  the  Churches  tinder  the  A  rchdeaconry 
of  Northumberland  have  been  freely  used  and  quoted  in  this  work,  although 
generally  accurate,  is  in  error  in  staling  that  John  de  Derlington  was  presented  to 
the  church  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  in  1448,  and  John  de  Hcrtilpole  in  1469. 
Brother  John  de  Hcrtilpole,  monk  of  Alba  Landa,  was  instituted  vicar  of  Bywell 
St.  Andrew  after  the  death  of  brother  John  de  Derlington,  September  7th,  1369 
(Bishop  Hatfield's  Register,  folio  149).  The  list  of  incuniljents  given  on  pages 
247-248  must  therefore  be  corrected.  It  is  possible  that  Gilbert  de  Mynslanacres, 
vicar  of  Bywell  circa  1352,  and  Thomas  de  Ingleby,  'vicar  del  eglise  de  Bywell' 
circa  1372,  may  one  or  both  have  been  incumbents  of  the  sister  church  of  liywell 
St.  Peter. 

Page  272,  line  15,/'"'  'the  barony  of  Bolbec  and  certain  lands  in  Bromehaugh,  with  Kidinge 
and  le  Ley'  read  '  certain  lands  in  the  barony  of  Bolbec  at  Bionieliaugli,  Ridinge 
and  le  Ley.' 

Page  241,  line  4;  p.  313,  line  6;  p.  340,  third  paragraph.  'I'here  can  be  little  doubt  that  the 
chapel  of  Appeltreleye,  given  to  Blanchland  by  Walter  de  Bolbec  in  1 165,  was 
situated  at  the  western  Apperley  by  the  Devil's  Water,  parcel  of  tlic  barony  of 
Bolbec,  and  not  at  .'Xjjperly  near  Stocksfield,  which  is  a  member  of  the  barony  of 
Baliol. 


KOOTiiMimiiuiie  c 


A 

History  of  Northumberland, 


BYWELL. 


INTRODUCTION. 

'T'HE  ancient  ecclesiastical  parishes  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  and  Bywell  St. 
Peter  include,  unitedly,  an  area  of  nearly  fifty-nine  and  three-quarter 
square  miles,  and  comprise  twenty-one  townships.  These  are  grouped 
irregularly  in  a  wedge-shaped  form  with  its  southward  base  resting  on  the 
Beldon  burn  and  the  river  Derwent.  As  the  area  narrows  in  a  northward 
direction  it  is  intersected  by  the  river  Tyne,  and  is  continued  beyond  that 
river  until  its  point  almost  touches  the  Roman  Wall.  The  distance  between 
these  extremities  from  north  to  south  is  twelve  miles  ;  and  the  width  across 
the  base,  from  the  Devil's  Water  on  the  west  to  Watling  Street  at  Newlands 
on  the  east,  measures  about  eleven  miles. 

In  aspect  and  character  the  district  presents  considerable  diversities, 
which  are,  perhaps,  best  described  by  following  its  southern  boundary  and 
then  passing  from  south  to  north  through  the  centre  of  the  area. 

The  townships  of  Newlands,  Shotley  Low  Quarter,  Espershields,  and 
Blanchland  lie  along  the  north  or  left  bank  of  the  river  Derwent,  which  here 
forms  the  county  boundary.  Ascending  the  Derwent  from  Newlands  the 
direction  is  at  first  southward  and  westward.  The  valley  is  open,  and  the 
hills  on  either  side  descend  to  green  fields  on  the  level  haughs.  Tracts 
of  woodland  separate  these  from  the  upland  pastures,  whose  outlines  are 
broken  here  and  there  by  heavily  timbered  denes,  which  indent  the  hills  and 
bring  down  small  tributary  streams.  Everywhere  on  the  slopes  above  are 
wide  pastures,  where  scattered  plantations  add  their  darker  verdure  to  the 
view.  As  the  river's  course  is  followed  the  banks  close  in  and  the  woods 
become  sparser.  And  here  the  quiet  of  the  valley  is  disturbed  by  the  far- 
off  grind  and  jar  of  wheels,  or  the  distant  hush  of  steam  from  furnaces,  where 

Vol.  VI.  I 


2  BYWEI.l,. 

Consett  stands  out  against  the  sky.  Following  its  course  upwards,  the  river 
abruptly  changes  its  direction,  and  the  birch-clad  Sneep  projects  its  rocky 
point  and  shuts  out  the  signs  and  sounds  of  mills  and  forges.  The  aspect, 
too,  is  changed;  for  the  river  now  wanders  in  miles  of  winding  'links' 
bordered  on  the  south  by  bare  moors,  which  add  to  the  sense  of  distance  and 
of  separation  from  the  work-a-day  world.  Higher  in  its  course  monotony 
and  loneliness  prevail  until  scattered  plantations  again  appear.  Great  fells 
close  in  on  either  side,  but  the  valley  scenery  grows  in  beauty  until  in  the 
deep-set  hollow  the  roofs  and  church  tower  of  Blanchland  come  into  view. 
The  approach  to  this  singular  village  is  always  a  matter  of  interest  ;  for 
the  seclusion  in  which  it  is  placed  hides  it  until  it  is  suddenly  discovered 
close  at  hand.  Deep  in  the  valley  as  it  lies,  it  is  yet  nine  hundred  feet 
above  sea-level.  Its  remote  situation  and  its  wild  surroundings  contrast 
with  the  home-like  appearance  of  the  village,  and  with  the  sheltering 
trees  which  screen  the  church  and  the  ruined  precincts  of  the  abbey 
of  the   Norbertian   canons. 

Immediately  over  the  village  the  heights  swell  out  in  great  tracts  of 
moors  which,  under  the  corrupted  form  of  Bulbeck,  perpetuate  the  name  of 
Walter  de  Bolbec,  founder  of  the  abbey.  From  Blanchland  northward  the 
ground  rises  rapidly,  and  at  a  distance  of  a  mile  and  a  half  reaches  the 
twelve  hundred  feet  contour  line.  On  everv  side  the  moorland  lies  around, 
attaining  in  many  places  an  elevation  of  thirteen  hundred  feet,  and,  at  the 
south-west  extremity  of  the  common,  it  reaches  at  one  point  to  a  height 
of  fourteen  hundred  feet  above  sea-level.  An  aspect  of  wild  grandeur 
characterises  this  upland,  one  of  the  spurs  of  the  mountainous  chain  beyond. 
It  is  long  before  the  road,  now  leading  northward,  begins  to  leave  these 
heights ;  but,  as  it  at  length  descends,  plantations  assert  themselves  on  the 
waste.  These  in  turn  give  place  to  field  enclosures  and  to  richer  pasture 
lands  as  Slaley  is  approached.  Beyond  this  village  the  lower  grounds  are 
neared,  and  belts  and  clusters  of  woodland  diversify  the  landscape.  East- 
ward and  northward  the  sloping  lands  are  broken  by  valleys  and  ridges, 
where  burns,  now  hastening  northward  to  the  Tyne,  flow  through  leafy 
denes,   and  immediately   below   is  the  Tyne   valley  itself. 

Many  of  the  reaches  of  this  well-known  river  are  very  beautiful,  but 
nowhere  are  they  more  so  than  in  the  three  miles  of  its  course  where  the 
townships    of    Riding,    Broomhaugh,    Broomley,    and    Stocksfield    skirt    its 


INTRODUCTION.  3 

southern  bank,  and  the  haughs  of  Styford  and  the  woods  of  Bywell  edge  it 
on  the  north.  From  the  bare  moors  behind  and  the  thin  air  of  an  elevation 
of  fourteen  hundred  feet,  in  a  distance  of  ten  miles,  the  descent  has  been 
made  to  the  level  of  fifty  feet  above  the  sea,  and  to  a  zone  of  climate  where 
vegetation  luxuriates  in  the  highest  degree.  This  is  nowhere  more  strikingly 
seen  than  in  the  beautiful  surroundings  of  Bywell. 

The  westward  view  from  Bywell  bridge  presents  a  fine  association  of 
objects  of  beauty  and  interest,  where  the  effect  is  enhanced  by  the  river 
foreground  and  the  surrounding  woods.  Nor  does  the  charm  of  the  scene 
diminish  as  each  feature  is  approached  and  viewed  in  detail.  The  tower 
of  the  Nevills  stands  by  the  river  bank,  its  embattled  turrets  rising  clear 
above  its  four-square  ivy-clad  walls.  The  newer  house,  which  is 
built  against  the  eastern  wall  of  the  ancient  gateway  tower,  adds  the 
beauty  of  its  lawns  and  flower  beds  to  the  surroundings.  Beyond,  as  the 
Tyne  bends  abruptly  southward,  it  is  fronted  by  a  dwelling  house, 
behind  which  is  the  parsonage  ;  both  are  covered  with  climbing  plants, 
and  stand  amid  their  garden  enclosures.  In  the  course  of  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  higher  the  river  again  changes  its  direction  and  encircles  the 
churchyard  of  St.  Peter's  church,  which,  with  the  domain  beyond,  stands 
in  a  parcel  of  the  ancient  barony  of  Baliol.  The  interior  of  the  church 
of  St.  Peter,  rich  in  its  accessories,  contrasts  strongly  with  the  plainness 
of  the  stout  low  tower,  massively  designed  for  defence.  Close  by, 
and  standing  in  the  adjacent  barony  of  Bolbec,  the  church  of  St.  Andrew 
possesses  the  striking  feature  of  a  pre-Conquest  tower,  a  stately  adjunct  of  its 
simple  but  dignified  fabric.  These  sister  churches  stand  almost  side  by  side 
where  all  is  as  silent  as  the  beautiful  cemeteries  which  surround  them.  For 
the  town  itself  has  entirely  gone,  leaving  no  trace  but  the  foot-stepped  column 
which  once  served  for  the  village  cross.  In  a  scene  of  such  retirement,  where 
the  leaf  rustles  in  its  fall  on  the  green  haugh,  it  is  difficult  to  realize  the  site 
of  the  ancient  village  street  which  once  echoed  the  anvil-stroke  of  the 
armourer's  hammer.  The  great  wood,  which  fed  his  furnace,  disappeared 
with  the  ancient  craftsman,  but  its  place  has,  in  later  times,  been  filled 
again  by  the  replanted  forest  trees  now  surrounding  the  stately  hall  of 
Bywell. 

On  the  outskirts,  northward,  lie  the  parks,  and  beyond  them  the  sloping 
fields.     Pasture  and  tillage  lands  succeed,  and  great  plantations  of  fir  clothe 


4  BYVVEI.T.. 

the  steeper  banks.  At  the  distance  of  a  mile,  on  a  rising  knoll,  stand  the 
house  and  farm  of  Peepy  ;  and,  somewhat  beyond,  a  grass-grown  track 
crosses  the  highway.  The  track,  which  yet  retains  its  primitive  character, 
is  a  portion  of  the  ancient  '  Hee  Street,'  or  '  Carel  Gate,'  of  former  times, 
once  the  only  thoroughfare  between  Newcastle  and  Carlisle,  forming  part 
of  the  section  leading  from  Ovington  to  Corbridge.  As  it  descends  the 
hill,  on  the  east  side  of  the  road,  'its  many  and  sharp  turnings  and  its 
perpetual  precipices '  are  yet  in  evidence  to  show  the  impassability  of  such  a 
road  for  wheeled  traffic,  a  condition  which  compelled  the  lord  keeper 
Guilford,  when  acting  as  a  justice  itinerant  in  these  parts,  to  take  horse  and  ride. 

'Here  his  Lordship  saw  the  true  Image  of  a  Border  Country.  The  Tenants  of  the  several  Manors 
are  bound  to  guard  the  Judges  through  their  Precinct;  and  out  of  it  they  would  not  go,  no,  not  an 
Inch  to  save  the  souls  of  them.  They  were  a  comical  Sort  of  People,  riding  upon  Negs,  as  they  call 
their  small  Horses,  with  long  Beards,  Cloaks,  and  long,  broad  Swords,  with  Basket  Hilts,  hanging 
in  broad  Belts,  that  their  Legs  and  Swords  almost  touched  the  Ground;  and  every  one,  in  his  Turn, 
with  his  short  Cloak,  and  othet  Equipage,  came  up  Cheek  by  Joul,  and  talk'd  with  my  Lord  Judge. 
His  Lordship  was  very  well  pleased  with  their  Discourse;  for  they  were  great  Antiquarians  in  their 
own  Bounds." 

We   are  indebted    to   the   condition   of  the    road  for    this    seventeenth 
century  picture  of  the  men   and  manners  of  the  locality. 

Beyond  this  point  appear  the  village  and  church  of  Newton-hall, 
and  the  lofty  observatory,  which  rises  high  above  the  woodlands, 
a  landmark  far  and  wide.  The  ridge  is  reached  to  find  that  it  really 
forms  but  a  break  in  the  ascent,  and  beyond  it,  northward,  a  '  slack ' 
intervenes  between  it  and  yet  higher  ground.  Pastures  here  give  place 
to  plover-haunted  uplands  where  the  plough  has  but  lately  riven  the  sod  and 
the  drainer  cleared  the  marsh.  Just  above  rises  the  northernmost  extremity 
of  the  barony,  where  a  steep  field  ascent  from  the  side  of  a  grass-grown 
'  lonnin  '  leads  to  the  summit  of  Shildon  hill,  the  site  of  a  British  camp  of 
more  than  usual  interest.  One  half  of  its  circuit  has  been  ploughed,  but 
the  other  half  is  untouched  and  its  earthworks  are  clearly  traceable  on  their 
western  front,  where  a  break  in  the  lines  oblique  to  their  direction  has  given 
access  to  the  enclosure  within.  The  camp  stands  at  an  elevation  of  six 
hundred  and  fourteen  feet  above  the  sea,  commanding  an  outlook  of 
considerable  extent.  From  Gateshead  Fell  on  the  east  to  Cross  Fell  on  the 
west  the  eye  ranges  southward  along  the  summit  of  Kilhope  to  the  ridges  of 

'  Roger  North,  Life  of  Francis  North,  ed.   1742,  pp.   139-140. 


GEOLOGY.  5 

Allendale  to  Swinhope  and  the  crests  which  separate  Wear,  and  Derwent, 
and  Tees  ;  while  the  nearer  prospect  blends  in  outlines  where  form, 
and  colour,  and  vastness  are  strikingly  presented.  In  the  foreground  the 
Tyne  flows  unseen,  its  course  marked  only  by  the  denser  foliage  of  the  valley 
below.  Rising  behind  it,  the  track  just  traversed  spreads  out  beyond, 
revealing  its  successive  features  scored  with  denes,  green  with  pastures, 
bordered  by  mazes  of  copse,  or  fringed  with  dark  stretches  of  fir,  till  the 
distant  higher  grounds  stand  out  in  barren  grandeur.  And  in  the  view  thus 
presented  there  lies  stretched  before  the  eye  almost  the  entire  area  of  the 
baronies  of  Bolbec  and  Baliol. 

GEOLOGY. 

Although  the  historical  plan  of  this  work  necessitates  the  separation  of 
the  parish  of  Corbridge  from  those  of  Bywell  and  Slaley,  there  is  no  such 
division  necessary  as  far  as  a  description  of  the  geology  of  the  parishes  in 
question  is  concerned.  These  parishes  are  so  intimately  connected 
in  their  physical  structure  that  a  separate  description  would  not  only 
involve  needless  repetition  but  would  also  detract  considerably  from 
clearness  of  exposition. 

The  physical  features  of  the  parishes  above  enumerated,  taken  in  con- 
junction with  those  of  Hexham  and  Chollerton  to  the  west  and  north, 
present  some  of  the  most  interesting  problems  in  river  drainage  and  land 
sculpture  to  be  met  with  in  the  county,  embracing,  as  they  do,  a  large 
portion  of  the  Tyne  valley  and  its  more  important  tributaries. 

The  first  and  most  interesting  point  is  the  intimate  dependence  of  the 
drainage  on  the  structure  of  the  Carboniferous  rocks  which  constitute 
the  solid  geological  foundation  of  the  district,  and  this  in  spite  of  the  heavy 
capping  of  Glacial  and  post-Glacial  deposits  covering  so  large  an  area  in  the 
district.  From  Corbridge  to  Newcastle  the  Tyne  runs  to  all  intents  and 
purposes  down  the  dip  of  the  strata  ;  while  from  Haltwhistle  to  Warden  it 
occupies  a  valley  strictly  conformable  to  the  strike  of  the  Bernician  beds.  In 
the  portion  between  Warden  and  Corbridge  it  emphasizes  this  fundamental 
coincidence  still  more  markedly  by  swerving  with  the  change  of  strike, 
produced  by  the  disturbance  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  Stublick  dyke. 
This  fault,  it  will  be  remembered,  has  altered  the  trend  of  the  rocks  south  of 
the  Tyne  from  the  north-north-east  and  south-south-west  strike,  characteristic 


O  BYWELL. 

of  the  beds  north  of  Corbiids^c,  to  a  direction  running  north-west  and  soutii- 
east  between  Warden  and  Riding  Mill.  It  is  evident  then  that  the  main 
features  of  the  Tyne  valley  were  sculptured  in  pre-Glacial  times,  and  only 
slightly  modified  subsequently  by  erosion  and  by  glacial  and  alluvial 
deposits.  It  is  possible,  however,  that  our  famous  Northumbrian  river 
mav  be  older  even  than  this  remote  period. 

The  days  are  now  past  when  cause  and  effect  in  drainage  phenomena 
were  so  far  confused  as  to  lead  to  the  supposition  that  rivers  ran  in  their 
present  valleys  because  these  natural  depressions  existed  from  all  time  and 
the  rivers  found  it  more  convenient  to  run  along  such  ready-made  channels  ; 
or  when,  with  the  devout  minister,  we  thanked  a  beneficent  Providence 
for  causing  the  largest  rivers  to  flow  past  the  most  important  towns.  There 
can  be  little  doubt  that  the  main  drainage  in  post-Triassic  times  followed  the 
general  slope  of  the  Northumberland  beds  to  the  east.'  Since  that  far-ofi' 
time  much  has  happened  to  alter  the  physical  features  of  the  country,  but 
it  is  highly  improbable  that  the  district  has  since  then  been,  even  temporarily, 
submerged  beneath  the  sea  ;  thus  the  infant  Tyne  may  have  flowed  in  approxi- 
mately the  same  direction  as  at  the  present  day,  while  the  Coal-measures  were 
being  denuded  from  the  summits  of  the  Corbridge  fells  to  contribute  to 
the  clays  of  the  Liassic  estuary  at  Whitby  and  Redcar.  It  may  have 
babbled  above  the  future  site  of  Corstopitum  and  carried  down  food  to 
nourish  the  race  of  '  slimy  dragons  '  wallowing  in  the  Liassic  waves,  what 
time  the  little  microlestes  nibbled  the  Jurassic  vegetation  along  its  banks 
or  scrambled  hurriedly  to  cover,  as  the  hungry  arc/iccopteryx  swooped  from 
the  skies  above. 

But  although  the  original  Tyne  would,  as  we  have  indicated,  flow 
eastwards  as  a  '  consequence  '  of  the  slope  imparted  to  the  Palaeozoic 
formation  in  post-Permian  times,  a  secondary  series  of  streams  would 
also  soon  develop.  As  the  upper  Carboniferous  beds  were  denuded 
and  their  outcrop  receded  farther  and  farther  towards  the  east,  a  series  of 
'  subsequent '  valleys  would  gradually  establish  themselves  along  the  out- 
crop of  the  softer  beds  and  parallel  to  their  general  strike.  The  South 
Tyne  and  the  Erring-burn  are  examples  to  the  point,  though  whether  or  no 
they  were  formed  as  a  continuous  '  strike'  valley  it  is  difficult  at  this  time  to 
determine.     The  North  Tyne  between  Bellingham  and  Chollerton  is  also  a 

'  The  occurrence,  however,   of  a   patch  of   Liassic  beds   to   the   west  of  Carhsle  may  indicate  a 
submergence  of  the  land  on  both  sides  of  the  Pennine  range  as  late  as  the  early  Jurassic. 


GEOLOGY.  7 

'  dip '  valley,  possibly  a  relic  of  an  original  '  consequent '  stream  flowing  to 
the  sea  north  of  the  Tyne  :  but  on  the  other  hand  it  may  be  an  '  obsequent ' 
or  tributary  stream  of  the  '  strike  valley '  into  which  it  runs,  though  this 
is  rendered  improbable  by  the  absence  of  '  obsequent  '  streams  of  similar 
magnitude  flowing  into  the  same  valley.  In  any  case  the  lower  Tyne,  being 
the  strongest  river  in  the  district,  has  cut  back  its  valley  until  it  has  tapped 
the  waters  of  the  South  Tyne  and  Erring-burn,  which  may  once  have  flowed 
elsewhere,  and  by  its  greater  power  gradually  lowered  the  drainage  of  its 
tributaries,  capturing  possibly  the  North  Tyne  also,  and  diverting  it  from 
a  more  easterly  exit.  A  careful  study  of  the  source  of  the  river  gravels  of 
different  ages  should  throw  light  on  this  problem. 

Of  the  present  lateral  tributaries  of  the  Tyne,  none  show  the  vicissitudes 
of  time  so  markedly  as  does  the  river  Team.  In  pre-Glacial  days  this 
drift-filled  valley,  at  first  doubtless  a  tributary  rivulet  of  the  Tyne,  gradually 
cut  its  channel  backwards  through  the  soft  Coal-measures  into  the  heart  of 
Durham,  degrading  its  valley  below  the  outcrop  of  the  Hutton  seam,  until  it 
reached  the  Wear,  flowing  eastwards  on  its  own  account,  and  diverted  it  to 
form  a  tributary  of  the  Tvne.  Then  came  the  Glacial  period,  when  the  old 
Tyne  tributary  was  filled  with  boulder  clay  and  drift,  and  the  Wear  was 
blocked  out  from  its  former  northerly  course,  finding  an  independent  outlet 
for  itself  to  the  east,  possibly  near  its  former  mouth.  At  the  present  day 
the  modern  Team  is  busily  engaged  in  repeating  history  and  once  more 
cutting  back  its  headwaters  to  the  south. 

Of  the  other  tributaries  of  the  Tyne  vallev,  those  which  enter  from  the 
south,  including  the  Tyne  above  Haltwhistle,  have  excavated  their  '  obse- 
quent '  valleys  against  the  dip  of  the  beds,  gradually  capturing  the  drainage 
of  Alston,  Allendale,  Shotley  and  Edmondbyers,  which  doubtless  originally 
flowed  southwards.  At  the  present  moment  an  interesting  struggle  is 
proceeding  between  the  Allen,  the  Devil's  Water  and  the  Derwent,  whose 
headwaters  have  gradually  cut  back  their  respective  valleys  to  a  common 
gathering  ground  on  Hexhamshire  common,  just  as,  on  a  larger  scale,  the 
Tees,  the  Wear,  and  the  South  Tyne,  rising  almost  within  a  stone's  throw  of 
each  other,  have  for  long  been  competitors  for  the  eastern  drainage  of  the 
Cross  Fell  range. 

The  solid  geology  of  the  three  parishes  specially  under  discussion  does 
not  diff"er  noticeably  from  that  of  the  regality  of  Hexham  already  described. 


8  BYWEI.I,. 

It  comprises  portions  of  the  upper  Bernician  beds,  the  so-called  Millstone 
Grit,  the  Gannister  beds,  and  the  Coal-measures  of  Durham  and  North- 
umberland, the  two  latter  formations  being  classed  by  the  Geological 
Survey  as  Lower  and  Middle  Coal-measures,  the  '  Brockwell '  seam  having 
been  taken  as  the  dividing  line,  though,  as  pointed  out  by  Professor 
Lebour,  this  occasionally  leads  to  a  circular  argument,  since  the  lowest 
seam  in  any  colliery  in  the  district  becomes,  ipso  facto,  the  '  Brockwell ' 
seam.  The  lowest  bed  met  with  in  the  Bernician  series  north  of  Corbridge 
is  the  Great  Limestone  (and  its  accompanying  black-band  iron  stone)  to  the 
north  of  Stagshaw-bank,  above  which  an  outcrop  of  the  Little  Limestone 
occurs,  running  from  Little  Whittington  to  Matfen.  At  Halton  Shields  an 
extensive  quarry  occurs  in  an  outcrop  of  limestone  of  abnormal  thickness, 
and  over  half-a-mile  long.  The  rock  is  much  shattered  and  recrystallized, 
large  crystals  of  calcite  being  of  frequent  occurrence  in  pockets  in  the  rock. 

On  account  of  these  characters,  and  in  spite  of  its  large  dimensions,  it 
seems  probable  that  we  have  here  not  an  outcrop  of  limestone  /;/  situ,  but 
an  enormous  boulder  of  the  Great  Limestone  torn  from  the  outcrop  of  that 
bed  to  the  north-west,  and  carried  to  its  present  position  ;  this  supposition  is 
confirmed  by  the  presence  of  numerous  smaller  boulders  of  a  similar 
character  not  only  in  this  neighbourhood,  but  in  other  parts  of  England, 
although,  in  so  drift-covered  a  county,  it  is  difficult  to  speak  with  certainty  in 
the  matter.  It  is,  however,  a  curious  fact  that  the  outcrops  of  the  Great 
Limestone  invariably  display  considerable  folding  and  crushing,  whereas  the 
limestones  above  exhibit  but  little  disturbance,  and  dip  fairly  uniforinly  at 
an  angle  of  about  five  degrees  to  the  east. 

In  this  district  at  least  two  seams  of  coal  are  worked  above  the  Great 
Limestone.  At  Whittington  colliery,  a  little  to  the  north  of  Stagshaw-bank 
top,  the  seam  worked  is  the  bottom  portion  of  the  Acomb  or  Little 
Limestone  coal,  which,  apparently,  here  lies  15  or  20  feet  below  the  upper 
portion  of  the  seam.  A  recent  boring,  three-quarters  of  a  mile  to  the  north 
of  the  old  shafts  at  Acomb,  shows  the  two  portions  of  the  seam,  which  is 
here  five  feet  thick,  to  be  merely  separated  by  one  foot  of  shale,  so  that  the 
parting  evidently  thickens  as  the  seam  is  traced  in  an  easterly  direction, 
while  to  the  north,  at  Fallowfield,  we  have  in  No.  3  bore-hole  two  partings 
dividing  the  coal  into  three  seams.' 

'  G.  A.  Lebour,  '  On  the  Little  Limestone  and  its  Accompanying  Coal  in  South  Northumberland.' 
Trans.  North  of  England  Institute  of  Mining  and  Mechanical  Engineers,  vol.  xxiv.  1875. 


GEOLOGY.  9 

About  260  feet  above  the  Little  Limestone,  another  coal  seam  has  been 
worked  in  the  Oakvvood  district,  and  it  is  probably  this  seam  which  is  locally 
worked  at  Halton  colliery  under  the  name  of  the  Clarewood  coal.  It  is 
pretty  certain  at  least  that  this  is  the  seam  recently  met  with  in  a  drift  which 
has  been  put  in  adjoining  the  north  and  south  road  leading  from  the  military 
road,  near  North  farm,  to  Great  Whittington. 

The  seam,  at  the  outcrop,  is  1  foot  4  inches  thick,  and  lies  considerably 
above  the  outcrop  of  the  Little  Limestone;  it  is  possible,  however,  that  some 
of  the  shafts  in  the  Clarewood  district  have  been  driven  into  the  Little 
Limestone  coal  below.  It  must  be  pointed  out  that  the  published  6  inch 
section  of  the  government  survey  ignores  the  existence  of  the  upper  seam, 
and  shows  an  outcrop  of  the  Little  Limestone  coal  to  the  south-east  of  the 
river  Pont,  where  it  certainly  does  not  occur,  and  there  is  little  doubt  that  a 
boring  between  Halton  and  Clarewood,  if  carried  deep  enough,  should  pass 
through  both  the  Oakwood  coal  and  the  Little  Limestone  coal  below. 

Above  the  Little  Limestone  come  the  three  intercalated  limestones 
peculiar  to  the  district.  These  are  not  known  to  the  south-west  or  north, 
and  are  therefore  of  peculiar  interest. 

'They  are  in  fact  local  beds  of  more  or  less  lenticular  shape,  indicating  areas  of  comparatively 
deep  sea,  probably  occupying  arms  of  the  sea  or  straits  some  twenty  or  thirty  miles  in  width,  and 
separating  stretches  of  the  low-lying  land  (probably  islands)  of  which  the  traces  are  preserved  to  us 
in  some  of  the  thin  seams  of  coal — seldom  thick  enough  to  be  worked,  but  none  the  less  interesting 
to  geologists — that  occur  about  this  horizon.  What  ihe  exact  area  of  these  successive  straits  (successive 
in  time  only)  may  have  been  we  have  no  evidence  to  tell,  but  that  between  Tyne  and  Wansbeck  (or 
perhaps  Coquet),  in  the  time  which  elapsed  between  the  deposition  of  the  Little  Limeftone  and  Fell-top, 
there  was,  at  three  distinct  periods  and  occupying  identical  portions  of  what  is  now  Northumberland,  a 
coral  sea  of  no  great  width  is  abundantly  proved.  That  this  narrow  sea  ran  east  and  west,  and  that 
its  deepest  portion  was  somewhere  between  llclsay  and  .Stamfordham  is  all  but  certain.  .  .  .  A.\\ 
the  lime  quarries  between  the  Roman  Wall  and  the  Tyne  and  [those]  east  of  the  town  [of  Corbridge] 
(except  those,  at   Halton   .Shields  and  between   Harlow  Hill  and  the  soutlicrn  Whittle-dene  reservoir) 

are  opened  in  one  or  other  of  these  beds,  in  which,  and  in  the  shales  accompanying  which, 

most  of  the  common  fossils  of  the  Yoredale  Rocks  may  be  found.'  ' 

The  Fell-top  Limestone  is  e.xposed  on  the  north  side  of  the  bend  in  the 
Tyne  about  half  way  between  Styford-hall  and  Hall-moor,  'it  is  full  of 
fossils  here,  and  it  is  remarkable  that  these  are,  as  a  rule,  different  from 
those  which  characterise  the  bed  at  Harlow  Hill.  They  agree,  however, 
with  the  fornula  of  the  same  horizon  at  Foxton-hall,  near  Alnmouth.''  A 
further  outcrop  occurs  at  Dilston  mill,  150  feet  above  the  sea,  where  it  is  seen 

'  G.  A.  Lebour,  'Notes  on  the  Geology  of  Corbridge,'  Hist,  of  Berw.  Nat.  Club.  vol.  .\.  p.  125. 
•  Ibid.  p.  124. 

Vol.  VL  2 


lO  liVWEI.I.. 

dipping  at  an  angle  of  4  degrees  to  the  south-south-west  and  the  bed  is 
followed  by  tlu'  Stnblick  dyke  and  disappears  under  the  drift,  but  again 
appears  at  Mount  Pleasant,  350  feet  above  sea-level,  cropping  out  parallel 
to  the  lower  exposure.  A  further  outcrop  occurs  in  the  sinuous  banks  of 
the  Derwent  3  miles  above  Shotley  Bridge,  where  it  is  cut  olT  by  the  south- 
east branch  of  the  Ninety-fathom  dyke  ;  and  intersected  bv  the  lead  veins 
worked  in  the  Healyfield  lead  mine. 

The  grit  and  shale  beds  coloured  by  the  Geological  Survey  as  '  Millstone 
Grit'  occur  chieflv  to  the  south  of  the  Tyne,  but  the  main  outcrop  sweeps 
north-east  from  Bywell,  between  Newton-hall  and  Ovington,  and  in  that 
district  contains  two  well-marked  bands  of  shale.  South  of  the  river  the 
outcrop  is  complicated  bv  the  Stublick  and  Ninetv-fathom  faults  and 
their  ramifications,  but  the  grit  and  shale  beds  occupy  most  of  the  moorland 
country  in  Slaley,  Bywell,  and  Shotley,  as  at  Acton  fell,  1,127  feet, 
Edmundbyers,  1,260  feet,  and  Cowbyers  fell,  1,279  ^^et,  and  their  relations 
to  the  upper  beds  of  the  Limestone  series  can  be  well  studied  to  the 
north  of  Blanchland.  The  Gannister  beds  above,  form  the  water  parting 
between  the  Derwent  and  the  Tvne  from  Whittonstall  to  Bulbeck  common, 
1,400  feet,  the  highest  point  in  the  district.  At  Apperley,  between  Whitton- 
stall and  New  Ridley,  the  beds  have  yielded  a  few  fossils,  and  among  them 
Professor  Lebour  obtained  specimens  of  Avicnlopecten  papyraceus,  a 
characteristic  Gannister  species,  though  found  also  in  the  limestone  series 
below. 

The  main  basin  of  the  Newcastle  coal-field  occurs  to  the  east  of  this 
district,  but  three  miniature  coal  basins  in  the  true  Coal-measures,  or 
Middle  Coal-measures  of  the  Survey,  are  contained  in  the  parish  of  Bywell 
St.  Peter.  Their  preservation  is  due  partly  to  the  effect  of  the  Ninety- 
fathom  dyke  and  its  associated  north  and  south  branches,  and  partly  to  the 
configuration  of  the  ground.  The  most  westerly  of  these  little  coal-fields 
occurs  on  Barley-hill  at  a  height  of  nearly  1,000  feet;  only  the  lowest  or 
Brockwell  seam  appears  to  have  escaped  denudation  here.  The  central 
basin  on  Grey  Mare  hill  rises  to  a  height  of  960  feet,  and  is  divided  by  the 
Ninetv-fathom  dyke  and  the  north  and  south  cross  faults.  Here  all  the  four 
seams  from  the  Brockwell  to  the  Five-quarter  coal  have  been  preserved, 
and  the  same  is  the  case  with  the  more  easterly  patch.  No  one  of  these 
miniature    basins    is,   however,   over    a    mile    in    diameter.      The    coal    was 


GEOLOGY.  I  I 

worked  at  the  Grey  Mare  hill  colliery  sixty-five  years  ago  by  a  shaft 
near  the  top  of  the  hill,  from  which  a  working  to  the  east  appears  to 
have  undermined  Shotley  church,  causing  it  to  collapse  and  become  a 
ruin.  More  recentlv,  mining  by  drift  seems  to  have  been  attempted  on 
the  other  side  of  the  hill.  At  Whittonstall,  where  coal  was  formerly 
worked,  two  important  cross  faults  occur  which  cause  an  extension  of  the 
beds  somewhat  to  the  south. 

Beneath  the  Brockwell  seam  to  the  south  and  east  of  Grey  Mare  hill,  and 
between  it  and  the  Whittonstall  basin,  there  is  an  outcrop  of  the  famous  iron- 
stone bed,  locally  known  as  the  'German  Band.'  Not,  as  Professor  Lebour 
remarks,'  because  of  anv  covert  allusion  to  itinerant  musicians,  but  due  to  the 
small  colony  of  German  sword  makers  who  in  former  days  worked  this 
ironstone  and  plied  their  trade  at  Derwentcote  and  Shotley  Bridge. 

The  more  important  faults  traversing  the  district  have  already  been 
alluded  to  in  detail.  The  most  important  is  the  Ninety-fathom  dyke  which 
enters  the  district  north-east  of  Whittonstall  and  runs  south-west  to  Grey  Mare 
hill  and  thence  in  a  general  westerly  direction  to  Acton  fell  where  it 
appears  to  die  out.  The  throw  of  this  fault  diminishes  rapidly  westwards 
from  450  feet  in  the  Greenside  district  to  60  feet  at  Grey  Mare  hill.  Its 
two  main  cross  branches,  running  south-south-east  and  north- north-west, 
occur  a  little  to  the  west  of  Grey  Mare  hill  on  both  sides  and  a  little 
east  of  Whittonstall  on  the  south  side  only,  but  their  throw  is  small  and 
merely  tends  to  extend  the  Gannister  beds  slightly  to  the  south. 

The  Stublick  dyke,  which  starts  a  little  to  the  east  of  Corbridge, 
crosses  the  Tyne  near  the  railway  station,  and  enters  the  regality  of 
Hexham  at  Swallowship.  It  contains  the  only  whin  outcrop  in  the  district 
which  penetrates  the  limestone  at  Thornbrough,  and  is  again  seen  at 
High  Town,  south  of  Dilston.  It  also  carries  a  lead  vein  at  its  extreme 
eastern  termination.  Other  lead  veins  occur  in  the  faults  crossing  the 
Derwent  near  Healeyfield  and  Combfield  house,  while  two  series  form  a 
network  of  veins  which  cross  the  fells  to  the  north  and  west  of  Blanchland 
in  a  north-easterly  and  north-westerly  direction  respectively. 

There  is  little  to  add  to  what  has  already  been  said  regarding  the 
glacial  accumulations  in  the  district,  except  to  call  attention  to  the  interesting 
series  of  sands  and  gravels,  of  glacial  origin,  resting  on  the  boulder  clay  and 

'  Professor  Lebour,  Outlines  of  Geology  of  Northumberland  and  Durham,  1886,  p.  56. 


12  RYWEI.I.. 

coiitaininp;  boulders  of  Scottish  and  Lake  district  rocks  as  well  as  those  of  more 
local  orii^in.  The  best  section  occurs  on  the  north  bank  of  the  river  Tyne 
between  Thornbrongh  wood  and  the  Styford  alluvial  fiats,  where  the  funnel- 
shaped  hollows  and  contorted  dips  characteristic  of  these  deposits  may  be 
best  studied.  Professor  Lebour,  who  has  given  considerable  attention  to  these 
funnel- shaped  hollows  and  dips,  refers  them  to  abstraction  of  subjacent 
material  bv  means  of  percolating;;  rain  water  finding  its  way,  loaded  with 
sediment,  to  the  river.' 

The  boulder  clay  covers  a  considerable  portion  of  the  district,  and,  in 
the  vallevs  occupied  bv  the  Erring-burn  and  the  river  Pont,  sometimes 
attains  a  considerable  depth.  In  places  deposits  of  clav  free  from  boulder 
occur,  which  is  dug  in  places  for  tiles  and  drain  pipes.  Such  a  tilery 
has  been  worked  for  many  vears  at  Grottington.  on  the  west  side  of  Watling 
Street,  near  Stagshaw-bank.  Corbridge  was  formerlv  regarded  as  occupving 
the  site  of  an  ancient  lake,  but  this  view  has  now  been  generallv  abandoned.^ 

W  A  TUNG  STIx^EET. 

The  Roman  highway  from  the  south,  after  traversing  the  Palatinate, 
crosses  the  river  Derwent  and  enters  Northumberland  at  the  eastern 
e.xtremitv  of  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Peter.  Thence  its  course  lies  almost 
due  north  west  until  it  enters  the  parish  of  Corbridge  at  a  distance  from  the 
Derwent  of  seven  miles  and  a  quarter.  The  passage  of  that  river  was  made 
at  a  point  in  the  township  of  Newlands.  From  this  the  neighbouring 
parish  church  of  Ebchester  is  seen  across  the  stream,  where  the  bell-gabled 
structure  and  its  surrounding  graveyard  occupy  the  south-western  angle  of 
the  Roman  camp  of  Vindomora,  the  ne.xt  station  south  of  Corstopitum  in  the 
first  iter  of  the  Antonine  Road-book  and  the  terminus  of  the  second  stage  of 
the  southward  journey. 

The  ridge  separating  the  Uerwent  from  the  Tyne  valley  is  crossed 
at  Whittonstall,  which  stands  at  an  elevation  of  seven  hundred  and  twenty 
feet  above  the  sea  ;  and  the  gradient  to  the  summit  rises  five  hundred  feet  in 
a  distance  of  two  miles.      'The  pavement,'   of  the  road,   'is  still  visible  all 

'  Professor  G.  A.  Lctjour,  'On  certain  surface  features  of  the  glacial  deposits  of  the  Tyne  valley.' 
Kat.  Hist.  Trims.  Northuinhciiand  and  Durham,  vol.  .\i.  p.  191. 

^  G.  W.  Bulman,  'On  a  Hypotlietical  Lake,'     Household  Magazine  (appendix).     1884. 


WATLING    STREET.  1 3 

the  wav  up,  at  intervals,  as  well  as  in  the  village.'  '  On  the  north-western 
side  of  the  ridge  the  road  descends  with  an  equally  rapid  declivity  and 
continues  a  perfectly  straight  course  for  a  mile  from  Whittonstall.  At  this 
point,  called  Castle-hill,  the  outline  of  a  fort  is  still  traceable^  in  an 
adjacent  field,  and  here  the  road  swerves  to  the  northward  a  little  in  order 
to  carrv  the  line  in  the  direction  of  an  advantageous  crossing  place  on  the 
StocksSeld  burn  half-a-mile  below.  The  present  road  and  bridge,^  which" 
cross  the  stream  near  the  lodge  of  Wheelbirks,  deviate  yet  farther  to  the 
north.  After  the  arc  described  by  the  passage  of  Stocksfield  burn,  the 
Roman  line  is  once  more  straightened  as  it  passes  south-west  of  Hindley 
farm.  Broomley  lies  just  beyond,  and  at  the  small  syke  here  the  Watling 
Street  has  taken  a  bearing  slightly  northward,  so  that  the  present  road  is 
entirely  on  its  western  side.  '  At  about  i  lo  yards  in  advance,'  says 
Mr.  MacLauchlan,  '  it  leaves  the  Watling  Street,  which  continues  the 
straight  line  across  the  fields,'^  but  an  excavation  made  by  Mr.  David 
Richardson,  in  September,  1900,  across  this  apparent  line  of  Watling  Street, 
failed  to  confirm  Mr.  MacLauchlan's  conjecture.  The  '  line  '  at  this  place 
proved  to  be  the  remains  of  an  old  boundary  dyke.  At  the  cross  road  to 
Raw-house  and  beyond,  traces  of  the  line  are  visible  in  the  present  road, 
which  now  deviates  to  ease  the  gradient,  and  zig-zags  across  the  direct 
path. 

The  Watling  vStreet  itself  ran  straight  through  Whiteside  wood,  leaving 
the  direct  line  again,  after  passing  the  present  road,  in  order  to  ease  the 
descent  to  the  crossing  at  East  Dipton  burn,  which  it  passed  near  Riding 
Mill,  'close  to  the  small  foot-bridge,  if  not  over  it.'"^  With  a  similar  curve 
on  the  western  side  of  the  burn  the  Roman  line  again  crossed  the  present 
road,  and  its  straight  course  was  resumed  near  the  station  road.  Its  way 
thence  lay  through  the  fields  between  the  railway  and  the  highway  to 
within  330  yards  east  of  Farnley  Gate,  where  the  two  roads  again  coincide 
until  the  parish  of  Corbridge  is  entered  at  a  point  distant  about  two  miles 
from  the  city  of  Corstopitum. 

'  MacLauchlan,  Miinnir  on  a  Survey  of  Watliiif;  Street,  1852,  p.  18.  -  Ibid. 

^  The  bridge  was  built  by  subscription  in   1890.     On  the  parapet  is  inscribed  the  fiillowing  appro- 
priate quotation  from  Christina  G.  Rossetti  ; — 

"  Does  the  road  lead  up  the  hill  all  the  way  ?     Yes,  to  the  very  end. 
Will  the  journey  take  the  whole  long  day  ?     From  morn  to  night,  my  friend." 

'  MacLauchlan,  supra,  p.  19.  ^  Ibid. 


14  ■HE     PARISH    OF    HVWKI.I,    ST.   I'KTKR. 


THE  PARISH  OF  BYWELL  ST.  PETER. 


THE  BARONY  OF  BALIOL. 

The  earliest  notice  of  Bywell  occurs  in  Simeon's  History  of  the  Church 
of  Durham,  where  it  is  mentioned  under  the  spelling  Biguell.'  That  Bywell 
was  the  place  in  question  cannot  be  doubted,  for  there  is  no  site  in  that  part 
of  ancient  Northumberland  adjacent  to  the  diocese  of  Lindisfarne  which  has 
a  name  at  all  similar  to  that  used  by  the  historian  of  the  church  of  Durham. 
In  one  of  its  churches  a  portion  of  a  building  anterior  to  the  Conquest  is  still 
preserved,  showing  that  theie  was  an  ecclesiastical  establishment  there  before 
the  time  when,  due  to  the  new  order  which  came  in  with  the  feudal  system, 
the  creation  of  parishes  in  their  mediaeval  form  was  instituted  in  England. 
The  incident,  one  of  more  than  common  interest,  which  vSimeon  records  in 
connection  with  the  place,  is  that  on  Trinity  Sunday  (iii.  Idus  Junii),  June 
nth,  803,  Ecgberht  was  there  consecrated  twelfth  bishop  of  Lindisfarne. 

It  may  be  assumed  as  almost  certain  that  during  the  time  of  Anglian 
independence  there  were  two  great  estates,  as  there  were  probably  two 
churches  in  that  part  of  the  county  which  constitutes  the  parishes  of  Bywell 
St.  Peter  and  Bywell  St.  Andrew.  With  regard  to  the  church  of  the  first  of 
these  parishes,  the  evidence  is  only  presumptive,  but  the  church  of  St. 
Andrew  bears  witness  in  the  tower  and  in  a  portion  of  a  sepulchral  memorial 
cross,  now  built  into  the  wall  of  the  tower,  that  it  was  in  existence  in 
Anglian  times. 

The  two  great  estates,  which  were,  with  the  exception  of  Stocksfield, 
the  same  in  area  as  the  two  parishes,  each  possibly  having  its  own  church, 
became,   after  William   the   Norman    had   subdued    England,   two   baronies." 

'  Simeon,  H/s/.  Ei-f/.  Dunebn.  lib.  ii.  cap.  v.  ed.  Bedford,  p.  89.     Ed.  Arnold,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  52. 

^  The  extent  of  the  baronies  was  not  confined  to  the  two  parishes,  each  of  them  contained  important 
oullyinjf  members.  The  barony  of  Haliol  comprised  a  moiety  of  the  vill  of  Bywell  and  the  vills  or 
townships  of  .-^comb,  Apperley,  Espershields,  P'otherley,  Healey,  Newton.  Newton-hall,  Newlands, 
Riilley,  Stellin<,r  and  Whittonstall  in  St.  Peter's  parish,  the  vill  of  Stocksfield  in  St.  .Andrew's  parish, 
Ellrini;ham,  Ovington,  and  Micklev  in  the  adjacent  parish  of  Ovinghain,  and  many  other  large  estates 
elsewhere.     Teda  de  NcviU,  Record  Series,  p.  385. 


THE    BARONY    OF    BALIOI..  1 5 

Each  was  granted  by  an  English  king  to  a  grc-at  lord,  who  represented,  in 
the  land  beyond  the  Channel,  a  stock  of  which  the  king  himself  was  a 
member.  The  two  estates  thus  became,  taking  their  names  from  their 
owners,  the  important  fees  of  Bolbec  and  Baliol. 

An  early  tradition  has  recorded  that  among  the  adventurers  who  took 
part  with  Duke  William  of  Normandy  in  the  invasion  of  England,  and  who 
were  to  be  ultimately  rewarded  with  the  spoils  of  conquest,  was  Guy 
(Guido  or  Wydo)  de  Baliol.  The  stock  from  which  he  sprang  was  an 
enterprising,  adventurous,  and  far-reaching  one,  inheriting  from  a  northern 
ancestry  the  spirit  of  dare-devildom,  conquest,  and  plunder,  which  drove  the 
Viking  over  the  sea,  and  begat  a  temper  of  courage  and  endurance  which 
"has  leavened  more  than  one  land  that  they  subjugated.  We  read  of  an  Ursel 
de  Baliol  as  one  of  the  invaders  and  conquerors  of  Sicily  under  the  great 
Norman,  Robert  Guiscard.  The  same  Ursel  was  leader  of  a  band  of 
mercenaries  in  the  pay  of  the  emperor  Romanus  Diogenes,  and  took  part 
in  the  battle  in  Armenia  in  107  i,  when  the  emperor  was  defeated  and  taken 
prisoner  by  Alp  Arslan  the  leader  of  the   Turkmans.' 

The  first  person  whose  name  is  recorded  in  connection  with  that  part 
of  France  in  which  the  various  families  of  Baliol  had  their  origin'  is  a 
Gauffrid  de  Bailliol.  He  occurs  as  a  witness  to  the  foundation  charter  of 
the  abbey  of  Treport,  by  Robert,  count  of  Eu,  in  1059.'  There  is  nothing 
whatever  to  show  that  he  was  a  member  of  the  familv  which  originated  at 
Bailleul-en-Vimeu  or  of  that  of  Bailleul-en-Gouffern,  both  of  which  sent 
representatives  to  England.  It  appears  probable  that,  as  he  was  a  witness 
to  an  important  deed  of  Robert,  count  of  Eu,  he  belonged  to  a  stock  of 
Baliol  feudally  connected  in  France  and  England  with  the  counts  of  Eu, 
members  of  which  in  Norman  times  held  land  in  Sussex,  where,  as  Domesday 
records,  the  count  of  Eu  had  large  possessions.'' 

'  Gibbon,  chap.  Ivii.  ed.  Smith,  vol.  vii.  p.  160,  quoting  Jeffrey  Malatesta,  I.  ii.  33. 

=  According  to  the  Dictioiinairc  des  Pastes,  there  are  thirteen  places  of  the  name  of  Bailleul  in 
northern  France.  M.  de  lielleval,  author  of  an  account  of  John  Haliol,  king  of  Scotland,  says  (p.  51  there 
have  been  nineteen  different  families  of  the  name,  all  of  which,  except  one  in  Normandy,  are  extinct. 

^  Ciil.  of  Due.  in  Fniiicf,  ed.  J.  H.  Round,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  80. 

'  In  a  charter  of  King  Stephen  confirming  gifts  which  his  barons  and  others,  his  subjects,  French 
and  English,  had  made  to  the  monastery  of  St.  Pancras  at  Lewes,  there  is  mention  of  a  grant  of  tithe  in 
Sussex  by  Geoffrey  de  IJaliol,  'juxta  Haslo  deciniam  Gaufridi  de  Ballolio  de  Bifleam.'  Cal.  0/  Doc.  in 
France,  Round,  vol.  i.  p.  511.  Mr.  Round,  in  'Some  early  gran.s  to  Lewes  Priory,'  Sussex  Arch.  Coll. 
vol.  xl.  p.  69,  identifies  Bifleam  (in  another  deed  Biueltham)  with  Bibleham  in  the  parish  of  Mayfield. 
Geoffrey's   grant    was   confirmed   by   John,   count   of  Eu,   who  succeeded  c.    1139.     It   is  described  as 


l6  THE    PARISH     OF    HYWKI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

Rainald  dc  Bailgiole,  who  occurs  in  Domesdav  as  the  owner  of  land  in 
three  counties,  appearing  there  under  that  name,  as  well  as  under  that  of 
Rainald  vicecomes,  which  he  was  of  Shrt)pshire,  belonged  to  a  quite  distinct 
family  from  that  of  the  lords  of  I3vwell  and  Oainford.  He  was  the  owner 
of  Bailleul-en-Gouffern,  a  place  in  the  department  of  Orne,  not  far  distant 
from  Oximae,  the  capiti  of  the  vicomte  of  the  O.ximin,  a  fief  of  Earl  Roger 
de  Montgomerv,  whose  niece,  Amieria,'  .the  widow  of  Warin,  the  first 
Norman  sheriff  of  Shropshire,  he  had  married." 

Guv  de  Baliol,  the  founder  of  the  great  English  baronial  house,  came 
from  Picardv  and  belonged  to  a  family  which  had  its  origin  and  name  from 
Bailleul-en-\'imeu,  in  the  canton  of  Hallencourt,  in  the  arrondissement  of 
Abbeville  in  the  department  of  the  Somme.  The  family  was  one  of  the 
most  powerful  in  Ponthieu  and  was  possessed  of  other  large  estates  there  in 
addition  to  Baillcul,  all  of  which  remained  in  their  hands,  after  their  English 
lands  had  been  lost  by  the  forfeiture  of  John,  king  of  Scotland,  until  the  time 
of  Edward  Baliol,  the  last  male  descendant  of  the  main  line. 

There  is  no  evidence  worthy  of  credit  to  show  what  was  the  parentage 
of  Guy  de  Baliol.  In  an  English  pedigree'  to  the  earlv  part  of  which  no 
reference  to  documentary  proof  is  attached,  it  is  stated  that  he  was  the  son 
of  Wimund  de  Balliol,  and  that  he  had  two  brothers,  Bernard  and  Joscelin, 
and  a  sister  Hawis.  A  French  pedigree^  makes  him  the  son  of  Guy  de 
Bailleul,  with  two  brothers,  Hugh  and  Joscelin,  and  a  sister  Hawis.  The 
two   pedigrees  do  not  differ  very  materially,  and  mav  both    have   originated 

'decimani  de  dominio  de  Biueltham  in  omnibus  rebus,  quam  nonavit  eis  Gaufr'  de  liailloil,  et  poslea 
successores  sui,  et  .\x.\  acras  teriae  in  Bixla  cum  mansuia  in  eadeni  villa.'  Cotton  MSS.  British 
Museum,  Vesp.  'F'  15,  fol.  81.  He  may  have  been  the  same  CJeoftVey  who  was  a  witness  to  the 
foundation  charter  of  Trcport,  and  also  as  (jeoffrey  de  Baillol  who,  with  his  heir  Gilbert,  occurs  in  a  charter 
ot  confirmation  by  Henry  II.  as  having  made  gifts  of  tithe  of  money  rents  in  Normandy  and  England 
and  tithe  of  essarts,  sheeps'  wool,  cheese  and  bacon,  from  England  to  the  church  of  St.  Mary  at  Eu. 
Cal.  0/  Doc.  in  France,  vol.  i.  p.  525.  It  may  be  inferred  that  Osbert  de  Balliol,  who  gave  tithe  in 
Biueltham  and  a  house  in  Bi.xla,  '  quae  fuit  canabaria  patris  mei,'  and  thirty  acres  of  land  near  the  sea  in 
the  same  vill  to  Lewes  Priory,  was  a  relation  and  possibly  a  descendant  of  Geoffrey.  Cotton  MSS.  Vesp. 
'F'  15,  fol.  80  V.  It  is  also  probable  that  Radulph  de  Ballolo  who  occurs  in  a  confirmation  charter  of 
Henry,  count  of  Eu,  of  the  time  of  Henry  II.  as  a  grantor  of  a  garden  at  Besham  to  the  prebend  of 
William  fitz  AUec  in  the  church  of  St.  Mary  of  Hastings,  was  a  member  of  the  same  family  of  Baliol, 
feudatories  of  the  counts  of  Eu.     Record  Office,  Ancient  Deeds,  'D'  1073. 

'  She  is  called  .A.milia  in  a  charter  of  her  husband  Rainald  and  herself,  confirming  the  churches  of 
W'olfston  and  Church  Lawford,  in  Warwickshire,  to  the  abbey  of  St.  Pierre-en-Uives.  Cal.  of  Doc.  in 
France,  vol.  i.  p.  202. 

'  A  full  account  of  him,  with  the  evidences  in  proof  of  his  identity,  will  be  found  in  Eyton. 
Antiquities  0/  Shropshire,  vol.  vii.  p.  206,  set]. 

'  Dodsworth  MSS.  Bodleian  Library,  vol.  iv.  p.  10. 

'  Jean  de  Bailleul,  roi  d'Ecosse  et  sire  de  Baillcul-en-Vimeu,  par  Rene  de  Belleval.     Paris,  1866,  p.  46. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  17 

from  the  same  source,  which  possibly  had  an  element  of  truth  in  it  ; 
they,  at  the  same  time,  have  enough  of  difference  to  show  that  neither  of 
them  was  merely  a  copy  of  the  other.  The  Wimund  of  the  one  pedigree 
may  be,  though  the  names  are  distinct,  the  Wido  of  the  other,  and  both 
may  possibly  represent  the  same  person.  All  the  five  are  names  frequent 
among  those  of  the  family  of  Bailleul  of  Picardy  and  England,  and 
the  children  in  each  case  only  differ  in  Hugh  of  the  one  being  repre- 
sented by  Bernard  in  the  other.  It  is  quite  possible,  though  it  does 
not  seem  to  be  capable  of  proof,  that  Guy,  who  had  a  grant  of  the 
English  lordships  from  William  Rufus,  was  a  son  of  a  Guy  (Wimund  or 
Wido),  who  was  lord  of  Bailleul-en-Vimeu,  and  that  he  had  an  elder 
brother,  Hugh,  who  succeeded  to  and  remained  upon  the  ancestral  land  in 
Picardy,  when  the  younger  brother,  Guy,  sought  his  fortune  among  the 
host  of  Normans,  Picards,  Bretons,  and  others  who  followed  in  the  wake 
of  Duke  William  when  he  conquered  England.'  If  this  be  so,  Bernard, 
the  nephew  and  successor  of  Guy,  lord  of  Bywell  and  Gainford,  must 
have  been  the  son  of  Hugh,  the  lord  of  Bailleul-en-Vimeu.  He  was, 
undoubtedly,  the  person  in  whom  the  Picardy  and  English  lordships 
became  united.  It  appears,  from  two  charters  recording  grants  to  the 
abbey  of  Sery,  which  may  be  dated  approximately  in  1130  and  1138,  that 
a  Hugh  de  Bailleul  had  two  sons,  Bernard  and  Eustace.^  To  the  earlier 
of  these  charters  Hugh  and  his  son  Eustace  are  witnesses  ;  to  the  second 
Hugh  and  his  son  Bernard  appear  in  the  same  relation.  If  the  supposition 
be  correct  which  makes  Hugh  to  be  the  lord  of  Bailleul-en-Vimeu  and 
the  brother  of  Guy  of  England,  then  Bernard,  failing  Eustace,  who  must 
either  have  been  the  younger  son,  or  have  died  childless,  was  the 
heir  to  the  lands  in  Picardy  as  he  was  the  successor  to  his  uncle  Guy  in 
England. 

There    is    no    evidence    that   Guy    de    Baliol    formed    one  of  the  first 
expedition,  which  overthrew  the  English  king  and  his  power  at  Hastings, 

'  Wido  de  Balliol  occurs  as  a  witness  to  a  grant  of  Notfeld,  in  Surrey,  by  Henry  I.  to  the  priory  of  St 
Vulmar,  at  Boulogne.  With  one  exception  the  other  witnesses  are  all  persons  of  high  official  position,  or 
relations  of  the  king.  His  connection  with  Picardy  appears  to  be  the  reason  why  he  appears  in  the  list. 
It  might  seem  from  this  that  he  was  the  owner  of  the  Picardy  lordships  of  his  house,  but  it  probably 
does  not  imply  more  than  that  he  was  connected  with  a  great  local  family,  and  in  favour  with  the 
king.       Dugdale's  Monasticon,  ed.  Caley,  etc.   1817,  vol.  vi.  p.   11 14. 

•  Note  to  a  pedigree  in  M.  de  Belleval's  Jean  de  Bailleul,  p.  48.  M.  de  Belleval  calls  Hugh  sire  de 
Bailleul-en-Vimeu,  but  gives  no  proof  of  the  statement. 

Vol.  VI.  3 


l8  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELI,  ST.    PETER. 

nor,  indeed,   is  there  any  certain   proof  that   he   came   to    Enghmd   in    the 
time  of  the  Conqueror.' 

That  he  was  possessed  of  large  estates  in  the  time  of  his  successor,  the 
Red  King,  is  established  upon  documentary  evidence  of  absolute  authority.^ 
He  received  from  William  Rufus  a  mediety  of  the  manor  of  Bywell  on  the 
Tyne,  probably  including  Woodhorn  with  its  appendages,  the  manor  of 
Gainford  with  Stainton,  the  vills  of  Marwood  and  Middleton,  and  the  forests 
of  Marwood  and  Teesdale  in  the  valley  of  the  Tees.  This  grant,  consisting 
of  estates  carved  out  of  the  large  possessions  of  the  earldom  of  Northumber- 
land, comprised  within  it  the  regalities  and  immunities  of  a  great  baronial 
franchise,  the  right  of  gallows,  power  to  judge  felons  taken  within  the 
liberty,  and  the  chattels  of  felons  convicted  in  the  lord's  court. ^ 

The  centres  of  these  two  great  Baliol  lordships,  Bywell  and  Marw^ood, 
present  features  in  some  respects  similar,  though  they  differ  widely  in  others. 
Both  are  situated  on  large  rivers  and  each  guards  the  access  to  the  lower 
parts  of  the  valley  in  which  it  is  placed,  the  Durham  site  being  higher  up 
the  river  than  that  which  stands  on  the  Tyne.  They  are  both  planted  among 
rich  and  fertile  fields  with  bleak  and  wild  uplands  in  near  neighbourhood. 

At  Bywell,  the  castle,  which  is  later,  however,  than  the  time  of  the 
Baliols,^  lies  close  by  the  river,  in  times  of  flood  scarcely  out  of  reach  of  its 

'  In  Spearman's  Enquiry  (1729),  p.  51,  there  is  an  account  of  the  Baliol  family  in  connection  with 
Barnard  Castle,  apparently  taken  from  some  previous  writer,  which  contains  a  passage  about  Guy  Baliol 
and  the  grant  of  Bywell,  Marwood,  and  Gainford.  There  is  no  reference  to  any  authority  for  the 
statement,  and  though  there  is  a  certain  amount  of  precision  about  the  relation  which  might  seem 
to  be  in  favour  of  its  correctness,  it  cannot  be  regarded  as  authentic  so  far  at  least  as  the  details  are 
concerned.  '  Guide  Baliol  in  Angliam  cum  Willielmo  Conquestori  venit,  cui  quidem  Guidoni 
Willielmus  Rufus  Rex  anno  7  regni  sui,  pro  bono  et  fideli  servitio  suo  impenso,  dedit  baroniam  de 
Bywell  in  comitatu  Northumbria",  eumque  baronem  iude  fecit,  deditque  praeterea  idem  Rex  Willielmus 
dicto  tempore  forestas  de  Teasdale  et  Marwood  simul  cum  dominiis  de  Middleton  in  Teasdale  et 
Gainford  cum  omnibus  eorum  regalitatibus  et  immunitatibus  ad  inde  spectantibus.' 

-  '  Hugo  de  Baillol  tenet  in  capite  de  domino  Rege  baroniam  de  Bywelle  cum  pertinenciis  per 
servicium  quinque  militum.  Et  tamen  debet  ad  wardam  Novi  Castri  super  Tynam  xxx  milites.  Omnes 
vero  antecessores  sui  tenuerunt  per  eadem  servicia  post  tempus  domini  Regis  Willelmi  Ruffi,  qui  eos 
feoffavit;  et  de  feoffamento  illo  nichil  alienatum  est  vel  datum  per  maritagium  vel  elemosinam  vel  aliquo 
modo  unde  dominus  Rex  minus  habeat  de  servicio  suo.'  Testa  de  Nevill,  Record  .Series,  p.  392.  The 
thirty  men  he  had  to  find  for  castle-ward  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  probably  represented  one  from  each 
of  the  thirty  fees  held  by  the  Baliols  throughout  England,  but  which  were  all  to  be  provided  out  of  the 
Bywell  baronv. 

'  The  rights  of  one  of  the  Baliol  baronies  are  given  in  full  in  the  pleadings  of  a  suit  before  the 
King's  Justices  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  21  Edw.  I.  '  Item  Johannes  rex  Scotiffi  habet  apud  Castrum 
Bernardi  infra  praedictas  libertates  (Dunelm.)  :  mercatum,  feriani,  pillorium,  et  tumberell,  furcas  et 
infangenethef,  et  capit  catella  felonum  dampnatorum  in  curia  sua,  et  h.abet  ibi  liberam  chaceam  et  liberam 
warennam  in  omnibus  terris  suis  in  libertate  praedicti  Episcopi.'     Ryley,  Placita  ParUamentana,  p.  169. 

■■  There  does  not  appear  to  have  been  a  castle  or  any  such  like  fortified  place  at  Bywell  when  it  was 
in  the  hands  of  the  Baliols.  Had  there  been  one  it  is  almost  certain  that  some  remains  of  it  would  have 
been  left.     At  Bywell,  as  the  centre  of  the  fee,  there  must,  however,  have  been  some  adequate  place  of 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  1 9 

waters,  the  stream  flowing  gently  with  ripphng  shallows  over  a  pebbly  bed. 
Along  the  river  side,  and  not  far  distant  from  the  house  and  court  of  the 
lord,  were  the  houses  of  his  retainers,  with  two  churches  in  near  proximity, 
one  attached  to  the  Baliol  fee,  the  other  to  the  conterminous  one  of  Bolbec. 
Among  the  houses  were  those  of  the  miller,  the  carpenter,  the  baker,  the 
pounder,  and  other  needful  folk,  not  the  least  important  being  that  of  the 
smith  with  his  forge  ;  he,  the  oldest  as  he  is  the  greatest  of  all  noble 
craftsmen,  for  '  by  hammer  and  hand  all  arts  do  stand,'  who  has  a  pedigree 
in  comparison  with  which  that  of  Baliol  is  but  of  yesterday.  Across 
the  river  stretched  the  weir,  as  well  a  dam  for  the  lord's  mill,  as  a 
provision,  in  the  trap  it  contained,  for  catching  the  salmon  in  their  ascent 
up-stream,  and  forming  a  very  valuable  property  among  the  rights  of 
the    barony.' 

At  Barnard  Castle,  the  other  north  country  Baliol  lordship,  into 
which  Marwood  has  developed,  the  castle  stands  high  upon  the  precipitous 
rock  which  there  bounds  the  Tees  on  its  northern  bank.  Unlike  the 
Tyne,  the  river  flows  in  a  broken  and  angry  course  over  a  rocky  bed, 
through  which  it  wears  its  way,  for  many  a  mile.  The  castle  rises  in 
strength  and  dominates  the  town,  which  gathers  in  a  closely  packed  mass 
beneath  it,  suggesting  the  commanding  rule  of  the  lord  as  well  as  his 
protecting  hand. 

In  addition  to  Bywell,  Marwood,  and  Gainford,  the  great  lordships  in 
Tynedale  and  Teesdale,  given  him  by  William  Rufus  about  1093,  Guy  de 
Baliol  was  possessed  of  Stokesley  with  the  forest  of  Basedale  in  Cleveland, 
probably  by  grant  from  the  same  king.'^  As  he  gave  land  in  the  hundred  of 
that   place,   he   appears  to   have  been  the  owner  of  the  manor  of  Hitchin 

residence  for  the  lord,  and  other  buildings  appurtenant  to  a  great  franchise.  The  names  of  witnesses 
to  many  Baliol  charters  give  evidence  of  their  having  been  executed  in  the  lord's  court  there,  and  in  one 
case,  a  grant  of  land  from  Adam  de  Stokesfeld  to  Sir  Alexander  de  Kaylliol  {Durham  Treasury,  Misc. 
Chart.  No.  251),  one  of  the  witnesses  is  William  de  Kodheclin,  senescal  of  Biwell. 

'  In  a  grant  from  John  de  Stokesfelde  to  Sir  Robert  de  Estouteville  and  dame  Alaynor  de  Gounure 
his  wife,  widow  of  Alexander  de  Baliol,  mention  is  made  of  the  '  loc '  and  fishery  at  Bywell.  Dur. 
Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  252. 

^  The  extent  of  the  manor  is  set  out  in  Kirkby's  Inquest,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  49,  p.  133,  as  follows: 
Stokeslay,  Batherby,  Ingleby  juxta  Grenehowe,  Parva  Browghton,  Dromondby,  KyrUeby,  Magna  Buskeby, 
Parva  Buskby,  Scoterskelff,  Thoraldby,  et  Neweby.  It  consisted  of  four  fees,  and  had  a  fair  granted  by 
Henry  III.  In  Domesday,  the  manerium  in  Stocheslage  had  a  soke  comprising  Codeschelf,  Turoldesbi, 
Englebi,  Broctune,  Tametun,  Cherchebi,  Dragmalebi,  Buschebi  et  alia  IJuschebi.  Domesday,  Record 
Series,  vol.  i.  p.  331  b.  Hugo  de  Eure,  son  of  Ada  de  Baliol  by  her  marriage  with  John  fitz  Robert, 
then  the  owner,  when  summoned  in  1290  to  show  warrant  for  various  privileges  he  claimed,  stated 
that  they  had  been  held  by  his  grandfather,  Hugo  de  Baliol,  and  his  ancestors  from  the  time  of  the 
Conquest.     Placita  cic  quo  warranto,  Record  Series,  p.  194. 


20  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWF.LL    ST.    PETER. 

(Hiche),  in  Hertfordshire,   an  early  Baliol   fee,  though  it  is  stated  in  the 
Testa  de  Ncvill  lo  have  been  given  to  the  Baliols  by  grant  of  Henry  H.' 

Like  many  of  the  great  barons  who  benefited  by  the  conquest  and 
redistribution  of  Enghind,  Guy  de  Baliol  was  a  large  benefactor  to  the 
church.  The  spirit  which  impelled  these  great  landed  lords  to  such  liberal 
endowments  was  surely  not  merely  that  of  a  base  superstitious  fear,  or  of 
an  attempt  to  condone  offences  against  an  outraged  Deity  by  a  gift.  It 
was  rather,  it  may  be  hoped,  the  desire  to  provide  the  people  who  belonged 
to  them,  and  among  whom  they  lived,  with  the  means  of  securing  a  better 
instruction  and  of  aspiring  to  higher  and  more  humane  feelings  than  the 
incidents  and  experiences  of  their  daily  life  afforded  them. 

Guy  de  Baliol  gave  land  at  Hexton  in  Hitchin  hundred  to  the  abbey 
of  St.  Albans.^  To  St.  Mary's  abbey  at  York  he  gave  the  church  of 
Stokesley,  with  a  carucate  of  land  there  and  the  tithe  of  the  demesne  ;  the 
church  of  Gainford  with  two  bovates  of  land  and  the  tithe  of  the  demesne ; 
and  the  church  of  Stainton  (a  member  of  Gainford),  with  two  bovates  of 
land  and  the  tithe  of  the  demesne.  The  grant  was  made  for  the  souls  of 
his  lord  King  Henry,  of  Henry's  father  William  the  Conqueror,  and  his 
mother  Queen  Matilda,  his  brother  William  Rufus,  his  son  William  (drowned 
in  the  White  Ship),  as  well  as  for  the  souls  of  members  of  his  own  family.^ 

The  name  of  his  wife  was  Dionysia,  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter,  Hawis, 
who  married  William  Bertram,  lord  of  Mitford.      Her  father,  Guy,  gave  her 

'  The  extent  of  the  manor  held  in  capite  of  the  king  by  the  service  of  two  knights'  fees,  is  ,tjiven  in 
an  inquisition  taken  in  Deceml^er,  1268,  on  the  death  of  John  de  Baliol.  (/«'/.  />.'».  53  Hen.  III. 
Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  33.)  In  the  Tista  dc  NcviU,  p.  265  b,  John  de  Baliol  is  stated  to  hold  it,  of 
the  old  feoffment,  by  the  service  of  one-and-a-half  knight's  fees,  paying  by  the  hand  of  Robert  de 
Cherleton  his  senescal  li  marcs.  In  the  same  record,  p.  281  b,  it  is  valued  at  ^100.  A  further  entry 
connected  with  it  occurs  in  the  Testa,  p.  269  b,  under  the  date  of  19  Hen.  111.  (1234-5):  'Hugo  de 
Baillol  tenet  Hiche  in  capite  de  domino  Rege  in  augmento  baroniae  suae,  de  dono  Henrici  Regis  avi 
Domini  Regis,  et  defendit  terram  cum  alia  baronia  sua  per  feodum  duorum  militum.' 

^  '  Wido  de  Bailul  dedit  Sancto  Albano  et  fratribus  ad  victum  eorum  unam  virgatam  terrae  in 
Hehstanstune.'  Brit.  Mus.  Cotton  MSS.  Nero  '  D '  7,  fol.  94  b.  He  occurs  in  the  list  of  'Nomina 
seculariorum  et  fraternitatum  receptorum,'  fol.  1 19  v. 

'  'Omnibus  videntibus  vel  audientibus,  tam  modernis  quam  posteris,  litteras  has,  Guide  de  Balliolo 
salutem.  Sciatis  me  dedisse  in  pura  elemosina  Deo  et  Sanctae  Mariae  et  abbaciae  Eboracensi  ecclesiam 
de  Stokesley  et  unam  carucatam  terrae  in  eadem  villa,  et  decimam  de  dominio  meo  ejusdem  villae,  et 
ecclesiam  de  Gaynesford  et  duas  bovatas  terrae  et  decimam  de  dominio  meo  ejusdem  manerii,  et 
ecclesiam  de  Steynton  et  duas  bovatas  terrae  et  decimam  de  dominio  meo  ejusdem  villae,  pro  anima 
Henrici  regis  domini  mei  et  patris  ejus  regis  Willelmi  et  matris  ejus  reginae  Matild'  et  fratris  ejus  regis 
Willelmi,  et  filii  ejus  Willelmi,  et  pro  anima  mea  et  Dionisiae  uxoris  meae  et  Bernardi  de  Balliolo  nepotis 
mei,  et  pro  animabus  omnium  fidelium  defunctorum.  Et  hoc  sciatis  quod  banc  donacionem  feci  sine 
omni  terreno  servicio.  Testibus,  Raynero  dapifero  meo,  et  Vitali  de  Stokesley  et  Haithclardo  et 
Roberto  presbitero  et  Sauhala  presbitero.  Et  banc  elemosinam  feci  pro  animabus  patris  mei  et 
matris  meae  et  omnium  parentum  meorum.'  Minster  Library,  York,  xvi.  'A,'  i,  Reg.  S.  Marine  Ehor. 
fol.  304.     In  the  margin  is  the  note,  '  Ista  carta  jacet  inter  cartas  fundatorum,  cellula  quarta,  littera  A,' 


BARONY   OF    BALIOL.  21 

the  socage  of  Stainton,'  a  member  of  Gainford  ;  the  lordship  of  the  place 
remained,  however,  with  that  of  Gainford,  in  the  main  line  of  Baliol  until 
the  forfeiture  of  John,  the  king  of  Scotland.  He  also  gave  her  Bechefeld,  in 
the  barony  of  Baliol.^  The  only  incident  in  his  life,  beyond  grants  to 
religious  houses,  which  has  been  recorded,  is  a  prohibition,  issued  probably 
in  the  first  decad  of  the  twelfth  century,  from  Henry  I.  forbidding  him  to 
hunt  in  the  forests  of  Ranulf  Flambard,  bishop  of  Durham.'  The  time  of  his' 
death  is  uncertain.''  He  left  no  son,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  nephew, 
Bernard,  probably  the  son  of  a  brother,  Hugh.' 

His  successor,  Bernard,*^  was  the  builder  of  the  great  stronghold  on  the 
height  of  Marwood,  which,  under  the  name  of  Barnard  Castle,  supplanted 
the  old  Anglian  name  of  the  place.  There  is  nothing  left  to  show  at  what 
period  of  Bernard's  life  the  castle  was  built.''  It  is  doubtful  if  any  portion 
of  his  work  remains,  the  greater  part  of  the  present  building  is  certainly  of 
many  different  and  later  times.  Towering,  as  it  does,  over  the  river  on  one 
side,  and  enclosed  by  woods  and  gardens  on  the  others,  it  presents  a  picture 
alike  impressive  by  its  massive  strength  and  soothing  by  its  gracious 
surroundings,   and   may   claim,  from   its   position  and   imposing  outlines,  to 

'  Roger  Bertram,  son  of  William  and  Hawis,  by  a  deed,  executed  between  1149  and  1152,  confirmed 
to  St.  Mary's,  York,  the  grant  of  the  church  at  Stainton.  '  Rogerus  Bertram  omnibus  amicis  suis  et 
Sanctae  Ecclesiae  fidelibus,  tarn  praesentibus  quam  futuris,  salutem.  Sciatis  me  concessisse,  in  puram  et 
perpetuam  elemosinam,  ecclesiae  Sanctae  Mariae  Ebor.,  consilio  venerabilium  episcoporum  Willelmi 
Dunelm.  et  Adelwoldi  Carleol.,  ecclesiam  de  Staynton  cum  omnibus  pertinenciis  suis,  liberam  et  quietam, 
quam  pater  meus  Willelmus  et  avus  ineus  Wido  de  Bailliol  eidem  ecclesiae  dederunt,  pro  anima 
patris  mei  et  matris  meae,  necnon  et  salute  mea,  parentumque  meorum,  tarn  vivorum  quam 
defunctorum.  Testibus  hiis.  Willelmo  episcopo  Dunelm.,  Adelev'  episcopo  Carlel',  Laurencio  priore 
Dunehnensi,  Ranulfo  archidiacono,  Nicholao  priore  de  Brincheburgh,  Magistro  Laurencio.'  Reg.  S. 
Marine  Ebor.  fol.  312  v. 

'  Socagiuni  baroniae  de  Bayll'.  'Hares  Rogeri  Bertram  tenet  Bechefeld  in  maritagium.'  Testa  de 
Nevill,  p.  388. 

^  Leland,  Collectanea,  ed.  1770,  vol.  i.  pt.  ii.  p.  389.  '  Guido  de  Baleol  in  Durhamshire,  tempore 
Henrici  primi  prohibitus  ne  fugeret  in  forestis  Ranulphi  Episcopi  Dunelmen.  Teste  Wald(ric) 
cancellario  meo  apud  Barton  super  Humbram.' 

'  Walbran,  in  the  History  of  Gainford,  p.  127,  note  *,  says  he  was  alive  in  1 1 12,  but  he  gives  no 
authority  for  the  statement.  He  also  states  that  he  was  alive  after  1 109,  to  which  year  he  attributes  the 
writ  of  prohibition  by  Henry  I.  There  is  no  ground,  however,  for  assigning  any  year  to  the  issuing  of 
the  w-rit,  which,  however,  on  account  of  its  being  witnessed  by  Waldric,  must  have  been  before  1 107. 

'Walbran,  p.  147,  says  he  was  informed  by  Sir  Thomas  PhiUipps,  bart.,  that  the  name  of  Wido's 
wife  was  Agnes,  and  that  Barnard  had  two  brothers,  Guy  and  Hugh.  This  information,  he  says,  was 
obtained  from  charters  in  France.     It  is  unfortunate  that  he  gave  no  reference  to  where  the  charters  were. 

'  The  succession  of  Bernard  to  his  uncle  Guy  was  not  according  to  the  ordinary  laws  of  descent,  for 
Guy  had  a  daughter  to  whom  his  lordships  would  naturally  have  passed.  It  is  possible,  as  Mr.  Longitaffe 
has  suggested  in  a  paper  on  Stainton-in-the-Street  (Arch.  Ael.  vol.  iii.  new  series,  p.  75),  that  arrange- 
ments of  the  nature  of  entails  might  have  then  existed,  and  that  Bernard  succeeded  under  some 
such  special  settlement. 

'  Walbran,  History  of  Gainford,  p.  127,  says  the  castle  was  built  between  the  years  11 12  and  1132, 
citing  in  note  *  a  charter,  containing  the  words  '  capella  de  castello  Bernardi,'  which  he  thinks  was 
granted  between  1131  and  July  171I1,  1132;  he  adduces  this  as  proof  that  it  was  built  before  the  latter 
date.  The  deed  is  a  grant  by  abbot  Clement,  and  cannot  be  earlier  than  1161,  when  he  succeeded. 
Only  the  initial  C  of  the  name  is  written,  which  Walbran  appears  to  have  read  as  G,  the  initial  of 
Godfrid,  who,  becoming  abbot  in  1131,  died  July  17th,  1132.     Reg.  S.  Mariae  Ebor.  fol.  305. 


22  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

hold  its  own  even  when  compared  with  most  of  the  other  noble  castles 
of  the  north.  The  erection  of  a  residence  for  the  lord  with  all  the 
necessary  apparatus  for  a  j^reat  franchise  necessarily  added  to  the  existing 
population  of  the  old  vill  of  Marwood.  The  place  thus  became  so  important 
that  Bernard  de  Baliol  created  it  a  borough,  with  rights,  liberties,  and 
privileges,  similar  to  those  which  had  been  granted  by  Alan  of  Brittany, 
earl  of  Richmond,  to  his  burgesses  of  that  place.  Bernard's  charter  no 
longer  exists,  but  that  of  his  son,  confirming  it/  and  others,  also 
confirmatory,  granted  by  members  of  the  family,  still  remain,  some  with 
the  seals  attached,  among  the  muniments  of  the  town  of  Barnard  Castle. 

Bernard  Baliol,  in  1130-1,  in  Yorkshire  and  Northumberland,  was 
pardoned,  by  the  king's  brief  to  the  sheriff,  £6  15s.,  and  another  sum  of  42s.; 
and  in  the  same  counties,  for  Danegeld,  37s.  id.  In  Essex  and  Herts,  he 
was  pardoned  five  marcs  of  silver,  and  in  Herts,  for  Danegeld,  33s.  /[d}  In 
1 1 61-2  he  paid  £  20  for  scutage  for  the  army  of  Toulouse.' 

Bernard  de  Baliol  came  into  intimate  relations  with  David,  king  of 
Scotland,  who,  through  his  early  bringing  up  at  the  court  of  his  relative,  Henry 
I.,  had  become  influenced  by  Norman  habits  and  manners,  and  attached 
to  many  members  of  the  great  feudatories  of  the  English  crown.  Bernard 
must  have  often  resided  in  Scotland,  for  his  name  occurs  attached  as  a  witness 
to  numerous  charters  of  King  David.  That  he  occupied  a  favourable  position 
with  David  is  shown  by  the  large  grants  of  land  in  Scotland  which  he  had 
from  the  king.  It  is  possible,  indeed,  that  this  Scottish  connection  may  have 
led  to  the  marriage  of  his  descendant,  John,  with  the  great  heiress  of  Galloway, 
which  brought  the  throne  of  Scotland  to  his  son.  In  spite  of  this  relationship 
with  David,  he  was  one  of  those  who  endeavoured  to  dissuade  him  from  his 
intended  war  with  England,  and  he  still  further  showed  his  faithfulness  to  his 
own  country -by  forming  one  of  the  army  which  defeated  the  Scottish  king  at 
the  battle  of  the  vStandard,  fought  on  Cowton  Moor,  August  22nd,  1138.^ 
Before  this,  in  11 35,  together  with  King  David,  he  had  done  homage  to  the 
Empress  Matilda,  and  in  1140  he  supported  William  Cumin,  the  chancellor 
of  Scotland,  when,  with  the  connivance  of  the  empress  and  David,  he  intruded 
himself  into  the    see    of  Durham.'     His  adherence  to  the  invader  of  the 

'  His   charter,  which  has  attached   to   it  an   imperfect  seal,  is  printed  in  Hutchinson's  History  of 
Durham,  vol.  iii.  p.  233.     Surtees,  History  0/  Diirhain,  vol.  iv.  p.  71. 

^  Magnum  Rotulum  Scaccarii,  ed.  Hunter,  Record  Series,  pp.  28,  34,  42,  57,  62. 

"  Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer,  Rolls  Series,  p.  29,  8  Hen.  II.  Eboracsira. 

'  Ric.  Hagustald.,  Priory  of  Hexham,  vol.  i.  p.  89;  Chron.  of  Reign  of  Stephen,  etc.,  vol.  iv.  p.  161. 

^  Simeon  of  Durham,  Continuatio,  ed.  Bedford  p.  265 ;  ed,  Arnold,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  144. 


I 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  23 

bishopric  of  Durham  must  have  been  shaken  when  Cumin,  about  Christmas 
in  the  same  year,  plundered  Baliol's  lands  and  slew  many  of  his  men.^  It  is, 
however,  possible  that  he  had  even  before  then  withdrawn  his  support  of 
Cumin  and  his  adherence  to  the  empress  :  in  any  case,  he  shortly  after 
transferred  his  allegiance  to  King  Stephen,  and  was  taken  prisoner  with  him 
at  the  battle  of  Lincoln,  February  2nd,  1141.''  The  public  records  of  the 
kingdom  at  the  time  are  very  incomplete,  and  it  could  not  therefore  be  ' 
expected  that  many  notices  of  him  in  his  relation  to  the  affairs  of  the  crown 
and  its  officials  should  occur.  In  1162,  the  sheriff  of  Yorkshire,  Bertram  de 
Bulmer,  accounted  for  the  scutage  of  Bernard  de  Baliol,  who  had  paid  ;^20 
into  the  treasury.^  Like  his  uncle,  he  was  a  benefactor  of  the  church, 
granting  a  confirmation  of  Guy's  gift  of  Gainford  to  the  monks  of  St.  Mary's 
abbey,  in  which  occurs  the  clause,  '  as  it  was  given  by  Wido  de  Baliol,  my 
uncle,  from  whom  I  have  heirship.'''  By  an  agreement,  which  must  have 
been  made  at  the  same  time  as  Bernard's  confirmation,  for  the  witnesses  to 
both  are  identical,  it  was  arranged  that,  during  his  own  life  and  that  of  his 
heir  next  to  come,  Bernard  Baliol  should  have  the  nomination  of  a  parson 
to  serve  the  church  of  Gainford.  The  parson  so  nominated  was  to  be 
presented  to  the  bishop  of  Durham  by  the  abbot  of  St.  Mary  himself,  and  he 
(the  parson)  was  to  pay,  during  the  life  time  of  Bernard  and  his  heir 
next  to  come,  40s.  yearlv  to  the  abbot.  The  confirmation  and  agree- 
ment  were  probably  made  not  long  after  Savaric  became  abbot,  in   11 32.* 

'  Simeon  of  Durham,  Continiiatio,  ed.  Bedford,  p.  265  ;  ed.  Arnold,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  283. 

■  Joh.  HagListald.,  TK'ysdfii  Decern  Script.,  p.  269;  Priory  of  Hexham,  Surt.  Soc.  vol.  i.  p.  134. 

'  Rot.  Pipac  (Yorkshire),  8  Henry  II.  rot.  6. 

*  '  B.  de  Balliolo  .  .  .  Sciatis  me  concessisse  .  .  .  S.  Mariae  Ebor,  ecclesiam  de  Gainesford 
cum  capella  de  castello  Bernard!  et  aliis  pertinentiis  suis  .  .  .  quam  ecclesiam  Wido  de  Balliolo 
mens  avunculus  de  quo  hereditatem  habeo,  praefato  monasterio  dedit  .  .  .  pro  salute  animae  ipsius 
Widonis  et  pro  salute  animae  meae  et  patris  et  matris  meae,  necnon  et  filiorum  meorum  vivorum  et 
defunctorum.'     Crawford  Collection  of  Charters,  Bodleian  Library,  1895,  No.  xviii.  p.  34^ 

'  '  Notum  sit  omnibus  legentibus  vel  audientibus  litteras  has,  hoc  esse  prolocutum  de  ecclesia  de 
Gaynesford,  inter  Savaricum  abbalem  et  monachos  Sanctae  Mariae  Ebon,  et  Bernardum  de  Balliolo,  quod 
si  vivente  Bernardo  et  primo  herede  suo  post  ipsam  venturo,  personam  praefalae  ecclesiae  de  Gaynesford 
providere  contigeret,  ipse  Bernardus  vel  heres  suus  talem  eliget  personam  quae  legitima  sit,  eleciamque 
abbati  et  monachis  Sanctae  Mariae  Ebor.  transmittet.  -A-bbas  vero  sola  sua  auctoritate  earn  episcopo 
Dunelmensi  praesentabit.  Suscipiens  autem  persona  ecclesiam  abbati  et  monachis  per  sacranientum 
fidelitatis  alligabitur.  De  beneticiis  autem  sepedictae  ecclesiae  retinet  abbas  in  manu  sua,  vivente 
Bernardo  et  herede  suo  primo  post  ipsum  venturo,  singulis  annis  .\1  solidos,  quos  reddent  ei  clerici  qui 
interim  tenebunt  ecclesiam.  Postquam  vero  mortui  fuerint  Bernardus  et  heres  suus  primus,  nichil 
ulterius  pertinebit  ad  aliquem  suorum  successorum  de  eligenda  persona,  set  talis  per  abbatem  et  monachos 
si  intromittet  de  ecclesia  qui  idoneus  erit,  et  ipsa  ecclesia  postea  remanebit  monasterio  Sanctae  Mariae 
Ebor.,  soluta  et  quieta  et  libera  ab  omni  consuctudine  terrena,  sicut  pura  et  perpetua  elemosina.  Testibus. 
Ingelramo  de  Ball',  Waltero  de  Heding',  Daniele  filio  Walteri,  Paulino  medico,  Hereberto  de  Doura 
clerico  Bernardi  de  Ball',  Raynero  de  Stolcesley,  Elsi  de  Neuton,  Waltero  de  Abbeuilla.'  Reg.  S.  Mariae 
Ebor.  fol.  306. 


'^- 


24  THE    PARISH     OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

In  Northumberland  he  gave  to  the  canons  of  He.xham  the  manor  of 
Stelling,  and,  at  Newbiggen-on-the-Sea,  a  member  of  the  manor  of 
Woodhorn,  and  part  of  the  great  Baliol  fee  in  Northumberland,'  a 
toft,  and  two  acres  of  land  ;  to  Newminster  abbey  he  gave  another 
toft  in  Nevvbiggen,^  and  to  the  priory  of  Brinkburn  he  gave  a  dwelling 
(mansura)  in  the  same  place,  which  was  exchanged  for  another  by  his  son 
Bernard,  who  addresses  his  charter  to  all  his  men,  French  and  English,  and 
especially  to  his  '  burgesses  '  of  Newbyggyng.^  Out  of  his  Scottish  estates  he 
gave  a  fishery  in  the  Tweed  pertaining  to  Wudehorne,  called  Wudehorne 
stelle,  to  the  monastery  of  Kelso/  A  grant  of  fifteen  librates  of  land  at 
Wedelee  in  Dynnesley,  otherwise  Preston,  a  member  of  his  manor  of 
Hitchin  in  Hertfordshire,  which  he  made,  with  the  consent  of  his  son 
Ingelram,  to  the  knights  of  the  Temple,  was  executed  under  very  unusual 
circumstances,  which  seem  to  emphasize  the  importance  of  the  gift.  It 
was  done  at  Paris  in  a  chapter  of  the  order,  in  the  presence  of  the  pope, 
Eugenius  III.  (1145-1153),  the  king  of  France,  four  archbishops,  and  one 
hundred  and  thirty  knights  of  the  Temple.' 

It  is  difficult  to  form  an  estimate  of  the  character  of  Bernard  Baliol 
from  the  few  incidents  of  his  life  which  have  been  recorded.  What  is 
known,  however,  is  favourable  to  him.  He  conducted  himself  in  very 
troublous  times  in  such  a  way  as  on  more  than  one  occasion  to  save  himself 
from  a  position  which  might  have  been  perilous.  He  increased  the 
possessions  of  his  house  and  added  to  its  influence,  and,  by  the  erection  of 
the  great  castle  on  the  Tees,  he  made  himself  secure  against  attack  from 
more  than  one  quarter.     To  the  right  and  just  ordering  of  his  retainers  and 

'  Priory  of  Hexham,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  46,  vol.  ii.  p.  116. 

^  Newminster  Cartulary,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  66,  pp.  244,  245. 

'  Brinkburn  Cartulary,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  90,  pp.  144,  145. 

*  This  grant  was  confirmed  by  King  David,  Bernard  Baliol  the  second,  Hugh  Baliol,  Bernard  the 
first's  great-grandson,  and  Richard,  bishop  of  Durham.  The  charter  was  witnessed  by  Bernard's  sons 
Wide  (Guy)  and  Bernard.     Liber  S.  Mariae  de  Calchou,  Bannatyne  Club,  pp.  24,  42,  43. 

'  The  following  abstract  of  this  very  interesting  charter  is  made  from  a  transcript  of  the  original 
document  m  '  Registrum  munimentorum,  etc.,  prioratus  hospitalis  S.  Johannis  Jerusalem  in  .^nglia, 
etc.,'  British  Museum,  Cotton  MSS.,  Nero  '  E '  vi.  i  Rubric  x.wi.,  folio,  new  125,  old  118:  '  Bernardus 
de  Ballolio  salutem,  etc.,  volo  notum  fieri  omnibus,  etc.,  quod  pro  dilectione  Dei  et  salute  animae  meae, 
antecessorumque  meoium,  fratribus  miiitibus  de  templo  Salomonis  xv"'"  libratas  terrae  meae  quam  in 
Anglia  possideo  perpetuo  in  elemosinam,  libere  et  absque  ulla  consuetudine,  dedi  et  concessi  Wedelee 
nommatini,  quae  est  membrum  de  Hichen,etc.,  filio  meo  Ingelramo  concedente  et  assentiante.  Hoc  donum 
in  capitolio  quod  in  octavis  Paschae  Parisiisfuit  feci ;  Domino  apostolico  Eugenio  praesente  et  ipso  rege 
Franciae  et  Archiepiscopo  Senn'  (Senonensi),  etc.,  et  fratribus  miiitibus  templi  alba  clamide  indutis  c""" 
et  xxx'"  praesentibus,  &c.     A  charter  of  confirmation  by  King  Stephen  occurs  at  folio  133  b. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  25 

men,  gathered  about  the  centre  of  his  franchise,  and  to  their  reasonable 
independence,  he  showed  himself  well  disposed,  when  he  made  Barnard 
Castle  into  a  borough,  with  all  its  attendant  privileges.  His  gifts  to  religious 
houses  have  already  been  noticed.  One  of  the  most  creditable  of  his 
actions,  which  indeed  may  be  called  noble,  was  the  part  he  took  in 
endeavouring  to  prevent  David  of  Scotland  from  continuing  the  cruel  and 
devastating  invasion  of  England  which  he  was  carrying  on  before  the  battle' 
of  the  Standard.  This  was  the  more  praiseworthy  by  reason  of  the  relations 
between  them.  Baliol  was  indebted  to  David  for  large  grants  of  land,  was 
in  fact  under  the  feudal  system  his  man,  and  therefore  bound  to  him  by 
many  a  strong  tie,  which  might  have  prevented  a  weaker  and  less 
honourable  character  from  assuming  the  office  of  peacemaker.  It  is 
pleasing  to  remember  that  another  northern  baron,  similarly  circumstanced, 
Robert  de  Brus,  was  equally  a  partner  in  the  same  good  purpose.  Each 
of  these  two  great  lords,  thus  associated  in  an  attempt  in  a  politic  and 
humane  cause,  was  also  the  progenitor  of  a  king  of  Scotland.  Bernard 
Baliol  had  the  reputation  of  being  a  brave  and  skilful  soldier,  and  was 
engaged  in  many  warlike  operations,  not  always,  however,  with  success. 
One  of  the  chroniclers  says  of  him,  that  he  was  most  experienced  in 
military  affairs. 

According  to  a  charter  executed  between  1 127  and  1144,  granting  to  the 
abbey  of  Clunv  certain  altars  in  the  diocese  of  Amiens,  which  the  grantors, 
Bernard  and  his  children,  had  bv  inheritance,  the  name  of  Bernard's  wife  was 
Mathildis ;  four  sons  are  mentioned,  Igerrannus  (Ingelram),  Guv,  Eustace, 
and  Bernard,  and  a  daughter,  Atuidis,  as  well  as  brothers,  one  of  whom  was 
called  Radulf  He  appears  to  have  died  in  1167,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  his  son,  Bernard.  Dugdale  in  his  Baronage  does  not  recognise  more 
than  one  Bernard,  but,  in  addition  to  the  improbability  of  a  life  having  lasted 
so  long  as  would  be  requu-ed  had  there  been  only  one  of  the  name,  there 
is  the  evidence  of  charters  and  other  documents  showing  that  there  were 
two.  Among  others  is  the  second  Bernard's  grant  of  confirmation  to  the 
burgesses  of  Barnard  Castle,  where  he  assures  to  them  the  privileges  given 
by  his  father.     The  Liber  J^itae  of  the  church  of  Durham  is  conclusive  on 

'  Cal.  of  Documents  in  France,  ed.  Round,  vol.  i.  p.  513.  The  altars  were  those  of  Dompierie 
(Domnopetro),  Bailleul  CBaioUio),  T(o)urs,  Ercourt  (Aerdicuria),  Ramburelles  ('Ramburellis),  Al(l)enai. 
The  grant  was  probably  made  in  11.38  or  short'y  before  then,  as  in  that  year  it  was  confirmed  by 
Guarinus,  bishop  of  Amiens.     Gnllia  Christiana,  vol.  .\.  p.  1174. 

Vol.  VI.  4 


26  THE    PARISH    OF    BYAVELL    ST.    PETER. 

the  matter,  for  in  the  list  of  benefactors  there  occur  the  entries,  Bernardus 
Bailiol  senior,  Bernardus  junior,  his  son.' 

In  the  year  1168,  after  Bernard  the  second  had  succeeded,  he  was  fined 
twenty  pounds  for  not  rendering  an  account  of  what  he  held  in  chief  of  the 
king  by  production  of  his  charters.''^  Two  years  afterwards  he  freed  his 
lands,  which  had  been  seized  into  the  king's  hands,  by  a  payment  of  two 
hundred  marcs,  of  which  he  had  paid  100  marcs,  leaving  100  marcs  still 
owing,  which  were  paid  before  the  next  year's  account.'  The  same  year  he 
owed  ^4  for  a  forfeiture  in  Newebigginge."  In  1 1 73  he  rendered  account 
for  the  scutage  of  Ireland."  In  1 194-5  the  sheriff  of  Northants  rendered 
account  of  Bernard  Baliol  for  20s.";  and,  in  1 197-8,  the  same  sheriff  owed 
20s.  for  his  third  scutge,'  part  of  which  was  still  owing  in  1 199-1200.'* 

Bernard  Baliol  followed  in  the  steps  of  his  ancestors  in  giving  liberally 
to  various  monastic  houses.  In  a  grant  he  made  to  Edmund  de  Sedtun  of  a 
third  part  of  Setun,  he  burdened  the  land  with  a  yearly  sum  of  one  marc  of 
silver,  to  be  paid  to  the  abbey  of  St.  Andrew  of  He.xham,  for  the  souls  of 
Bernard  de  Baillolo,  his  father,  and  Guy,  his  brother.  In  augmentation  of 
the  third  part  of  Setun,  he  further  gave  him  sixty-four  acres  and  one  rood 
upon  Dethederig,  for  which  he  was  to  render,  on  the  part  of  Bernard,  every 
year  at  Christmas,  twelve  pence  for  castleward  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne 
[Reddoido  per  atiimni  ad  Natale  Domini  dundecim  denarios  pro  me 
custodiae  doinini  Regis  apiid  Novum    Castrum  super  Tinam)^      He   con- 

'  Lihcy  Vilttc.  Surt.  Soc.  No.  13,  p.  103.  The  entries  are  very  full  and  conclusive.  'Bernardus  Bail' 
senior.  |  Bernardus  junior,  filius  ejus.  |  Ingelram  de  b.  filius  ejus,  i  Wid'  et  Euslacius  filii  ejus.  |  Matilda 
mater  et  Hawisia  et  altera  Hawis,  et  domina  Agnes  de  Pinchenei  uxor  junioris  Bernardi.  |  Rogerus 
filius  Hugonis  nepos  ejus,  et  Johannes  frater  Rogeri.' 

"■  Rot.  Pipae,  T4  Hen.  II.  Pipe  Roll  Society,  vol.  xii.  p.  172.  .All  the  references  to  the  Pipe  rolls 
which  concern  the  Bywell  barony  may  be  found  in  Hodgson's  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  iii.  The 
greatest  credit  is  due  to  the  Rev.  John  Hodgson  for  having  printed  the  whole  cf  the  entries  connected 
with  the  county  in  those  most  valuable  historical  records  the  Pipe  rolls.  It  is  a  strange  and 
deplorable  fact  that  even  now  the  complete  series  of  Pipe  Rolls,  as  well  as  of  other  equally  indispensable 
state  documents  have  not  been  printed  by  the  authority  of  the  nation. 

'  Rot.  Pipae  (Northumberland),  16  Hen.  II.     Pipe  Roll  Soc.  vol.  .\v.  p.  48.  '  Ibid,  p   51. 

'  Ibid.  19  Hen.  II.     Pipe  Roll  Soc.  vol.  .\ix.  p.  112.  "  Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer,  p.  82. 

■  Rot.  Pipae  (Northamptonshire),  9  Ric.  I.  rot.  6  dorso.  '  Ibid,  i  John,  rot.  2. 

°  The  original  charter,  wanting  the  seal,  is  preserved  among  the  muniments  of  Sir  Arthur  E. 
Middleton,  ban.,  at  Belsay.  Sealon,  in  the  manor  of  Woodhorn,  part  of  the  Baliol  fee,  was  ultimately, 
if  not  at  the  time  of  this  deed,  divided  into  three  parts.  The  payment  of  one  marc  represents  a  third  of 
40s.,  a  rent  given  out  of  Seaton  to  the  abbey  of  Hexham  by  Bernard  Baliol.  Hexham  Priory,  vol.  ii. 
p.  42.  Surt.  Soc.  The  number  of  witnesses  (given  below)  is  very  large,  and  appears  to  include  the  names 
of  persons  from  various  parts  of  the  Baliol  fees,  including  one  from  Hitchin  in  Herefordshire,  and  at 
least  two  from  Picardy.  'His  testibus.  Guidone  de  bouis  curia,  Hugone  de  Tillelai,  Reginaldo  de 
Neutun,  Roberto  de  Rue,  Osberto  de  Hiche,  Hugone  capellano,  Petro  diacono  de  Loisun,  Nicholao  de 
Nuebi,  Guidone  de  Balreim,  Waltero  de  Hestdib,  Helya  fratre  Roberti  de  Rue,  Hugone  de  Sancto 
Germano,  Waltero  filio   Mauricii,   Ingelramo  de   Loisun,    Hugone  filio   Reginaldi,  Thoma   filio   Gille, 


I 


Sarony  of  balioL.  27 

firmed  to  the  abbey  of  St.  Mary  at  York  the  gift  of  the  church  of  Gainford, 
the  church  of  the  castle  of  Bernard,  and  the  church  of  Middleton,  with  two 
bovates  of  land  and  a  toft  and  croft.'  In  this  charter  he  mentions  that  in 
the  time  of  his  father  the  churches  of  the  castle  of  Bernard  and  Middleton 
were  chapels.  It  is  difficult  to  understand  what  is  meant  by  that  expression, 
for  Barnard  Castle  has  always  until  quite  lately  been  merely  a  chapel 
under  Gainford.  Some  change  in  the  status  of  that  church  at  the  two 
periods  seems  to  be  implied  by  the  terms  of  Bernard's  confirmation. 
To  another  great  Yorkshire  monastery,  Rievaux,  he  gave  large  grants 
of  pasturage  in  his  forest  of  Teesdale,  with  land  as  well,  and  similar 
pasturage  in  his  forest  of  Westerdale,  in  Cleveland,  and  land  in 
addition.  These  charters"  are  of  much  interest,  on  account  of  the  full 
details  there  given  of  boundaries,  numbers  and  kinds  of  horses  and  cattle, 
and  the  various  things  connected  with  them.  They  show  also  a  sense  of 
obligation  to  the  king,  Henry  II.,  all  the  grants  being  made  for  the  soul  of 
the  king  as  well  as  for  those  of  Bernard's  relatives,  his  father  Bernard, 
his  uncle  Jocelin,  and  his  wife  Agnes  de  Pinchenei.  He  gave  to  the  same 
monks  a  fishery  at  Neasham  on  the  Tees,  with  lands  and  other  rights.^  To 
the  abbey  of  Whitby  he  granted  the  churches  of  Ingleby  and  Kirkby,  and 
confirmed  his  brother  Guv's  a;rant  of  the  mill  of  Inglebv.''  Guv  de  Baliol, 
apparently  his  elder  brother,  who  had  died  during  his  father's  lifetime,  is 
mentioned  in  a  confirmation  charter  of  King  Stephen  to  the  monastery  of  St. 
Pancras,  at  Lewes,  a  dependency  of  the  great  abbey  of  Cluny.^  He  appears 
there  as  the  grantor  of  Faxton  (Fakestuna)  which,  with  Waldegrave  and 
Multon,  all  in  Northamptonshire,  were  part  of  the  Baliol  fee  and  held  of  the 
honour  of  Castle  Barnard."     Guy  de  Baliol  confirmed  to  St.  Mary's,  York, 

Radulpho  filio  Gille,  Eustacio  de  Werweyton,  Baldwino  de  B'cistone,  Rogero  p'tore  (pistore)  de  Castello 
Bernardi,  Odo  coco,  Fouberto  coco.  Ri  (parchment  eaten  away),  Rann'  clerico  de  Stanfordham,  Ricardo 
de  Stellig,  Jordano  de  Heddun,  Ada  filio  Symonis  (Syois),  Ada  de  Hydelai,  Galfrido  de  Lelleforde.' 

'  '  Bernardus  de  Baillol  .  .  .  sciatis  me  concessisse  .  .  .  ecclesiae  Sanctae  Mariae  Eboraci  .  .  . 
ecclesiam  de  Gainford  cum  omn.  pert,  suis,  et  ecclesiam  de  Castello  Bernardi  cum  omn.  pert,  suis,  et 
ecclesiam  de  Midelton  cum  omn.  pert.  suis.  Et  in  eadem  villa  de  Midelton  duas  bovatas  terrae  cum 
tofto  et  crofto.  Sciendum  est  autem  quod  ecclesiae  praenominatae,  scilicet,  de  Castello  Bernardi  et  de 
Midelton  fuerunt  capellae  in  tempore  patris  mei.'  Original  charter,  Brit.  Mus.  Cart.  Cott.  v.  75.  Seal 
equestrian.     Cat.  of.  Seals  in  Brit.  Mus.  vol.  ii.  p.  241,  No.  5643.     Keg.  S.  Mariae  Eboy.  fol.  304  v. 

-■  Cartulary  of  Rievaux.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  83,  pp.  67,  155.  '  Ibid.  pp.  67,  126,  153. 

'   Whitby  Cartulary.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  69,  vol.  i.  p.  55. 

'  Cal.  of  Documents  in  France,  ed.  Round,  vol.  i.  p.  512. 

"  Under  the  heading  '  Feoda  Johannis  de  Baillol  in  honore  Castri  Bernard,'  Adam  de  Perington 
held  four  fees  in  Faxton,  Waldegrave,  and  Multon.  Testa  de  Nevill,  p.  37.  The  same  Adam  also  held 
of  John  de  Baliol,  in  the  barony  of  By  well,  Ellington,  Cressewelle  and  Hayden,  as  one  fee  of  the  old 
feoffment.  /.  c.  p.  385.  In  Bridges'  Northamptonshire,  vol.  i.  p.  417,  Guydo  Baliol,  in  the  time  of 
Henry  II.,  is  said  to  have  held  one  hide  and  a  half  and  a  virgate  of  land  in  Moulton,  of  the  fee  of  Fa.\ton, 
and  p.  418,  John  de  Baliol  is  stated  to  have  had  a  knight's  fee  there,  24  Edw.  I. 


28  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

tlic  church  of  Gainford,  willi  its  members,  which,  as  he  says  in  his  charter, 
his  father,  Bernard,  had  given  to  the  abbey,  as  Wido  de  Balliol  (the  original 
donor)  had  granted  it.'  From  his  Hertfordshire  estate  of  Hitchin,  Bernard 
made  gifts  of  land  to  the  abbey  of  St.  Albans. 

The  reputation  of  his  house  for  vigour,  determination,  and  a  generous 
courage  did  not  suffer  at  the  hands  of  Bernard  Baliol  the  younger,  who  is 
called  bv  William  of  Newburgh,  a  man  noble  and  magnanimous.  A  story  is 
told  of  him  bv  the  chroniclers  which  is  much  to  his  credit  as  a  bold  and 
tactful  soldier.  It  relates  that  when  William  the  Lion,  king  of  Scotland,  in 
1 1 74  had  invaded  England,  and  was  investing  Alnwick,  a  body  of  troops, 
led  by  Robert  de  Stuteville,  Ranulf  de  Glanville,  William  de  Vesci, 
Bernard  de  Baliol,  and  other  great  lords,  left  Newcastle  to  relieve  the 
place.  On  the  wav  they  became  involved  in  a  fog  so  dense  that  they 
could  not  see  their  wav-  The  counsel  of  the  leaders  was,  the  perhaps 
prudent  one,  to  return.  Bernard  Baliol  gave  the  more  courageous  advice 
to  advance.  He  exclaimed,  'Let  who  will  return.  \,  if  alone,  will  go  on. 
Away  with  a  course  which  will  cover  us  with  the  stain  of  lasting  infamy.' 
His  bold  proposal  was  adopted,  and  the  relief  of  Alnwick,  the  capture  of 
King  William,  and  the  total  defeat  of  the  Scottish  army,  July  13th,  11 74, 
were  the  results.^ 

'  Reg.  S.  Marine  Ehor.  fol  304  v. 

■  William  of  Newburgh,  CJtron.  of  the  Reigns  of  Stephen,  etc.,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  183. 

Jordan  Fantosme,  spiritual  chancellor  of  Winchester,  has  given  in  verse  a  very  graphic  and  detailed 
account  of  the  war  between  the  English  and  Scots  in  1173  and  1174,  of  the  events  of  which  he  was  an 
eye-witness.  Speaking  about  what  took  place  when  the  troops  were  overtaken  by  the  fog  on  the  march 
to  Alnwick,  he  says  : 

1.   1742.     Dist  Bernard  de  Baillo  :  '  Ki  ore  n'ad  hardement, 
Ne  deit  aveir  honur  ne  rien  qu'i  lui  apent.' 

Relating  the  events  of  the  fight,  he  mentions  some  of  the  battle  cries  of  the  followers  of  the  commanders ; 

1.   1774.     Jo  ne  cunt  mie  fable  cume  si  qui  ad  01, 

Mes  cum  celui  qui  i  fud  ;  et  jo  meismes  le  vie. 
Quant  ces  unt  ja  crie  I'enseigne  de  Vesci, 
E  '  Glanvile  chevaliers  I '  et  '  Bailol '  autresi, 
Odinel  de  Umfranvile  relevad  le  suen  cri, 
E  cil  d'  EstuteviUe,  chevalier  haidi. 

He  says  of  William  de  Mortimer  that  in  the  battle  he  fought  like  a  mad  wild  boar,  but 
1.   1S67.     II  trovad  cuntre  lui  un  seur  chevalier, 

Dan  Bernart  de  Baillo  dunt  vus  m'oez  parler  ; 

II  en  ad  abatu  lui  et  sun  destrier, 

Si  Fad  mis  par  fiance,  cum  I'um  fait  chevalier, 

Bien  le  fait  Dan  Bernart,  ne  fait  pas  a  blasmere  ; 

Al  partir  de  la  bataille  le  saurad  I'um  loer, 

Ki  niielz  i  ficrt  d'espec  et  mielz  fait  caplier. 

Jordan  Fantosme,  Surl.  Soc.  No.  11,  pp.  80,  84.  Printed  also  in  Cliroii.  0/  the  Reigns  of  Stephen, 
etc.,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  iii.  pp.  34S,  350,  3sS. 


BARONY    OF   BALIOL.  29 

His  wife  was  Agnes  de  Pinchenei.  Her  name  occurs  as  that  of  his  wife 
in  the  Liber  Vitae  of  Durham  (p.  103),  and  her  soul's  welfare  is  mentioned 
in  many  of  her  husband's  charters.  Besides  Eustace,  he  had  another  son, 
Hugh.  He  appears  to  have  died  before  1193.  His  successor  was  his  son 
Eustace. 

The  first  notice  that  occurs  of  him  is  that  the  sheriff  of  Essex  and  Herts 
accounts  in  1 194-5  for  4°^-  of  Eustace  de  Baillol,  who  held  two  knight's 
fees.'  In  1 198-9  the  same  sheriff  accounts  for  80s.  paid  bv  Eustace  de  Baliol 
for  the  second  and  third  scutages  for  the  army  of  Normandy,  40s.  for  each.^ 
In  1 196-7  the  sheriff  of  Northants  accounts  for  20s.  for  one  knight's  fee.^  In 
consequence  of  disobeying  the  king's  precept  in  not  being  in  his  service 
beyond  sea,  in  1199  he  was  fined  200  marcs  of  silver,  to  be  paid  in  three 
instalments."  In  1 200-1,  he  had  paid  on  this  account  40  marcs  into  the 
treasury  and  still  owed  160  marcs, ^  which  he  seems  not  to  have  paid  until 
i2og-io,  when  it  was  apparently  settled."  In  11 99- 1200,  as  heir  of  Bernard 
de  Baliol,  he  rendered  account  of  60  marcs  for  his  scutage,  of  which  he  had 
paid  10  marcs.  He  also  owe  1  ^,120  for  the  second  and  third  scutages  of 
Richard  I.,  which  was  remitted  by  brief  of  the  king.'  In  1201  he  still  owed 
50  marcs,  the  balance  of  his  own  scutage,  reduced  in  1202  to  40  marcs,**  and 
still  further  reduced  in  1208  to  17^  marcs,"  leaving  in  1209,  after  a  payment 
of  ^10  i8s.  8d.,  the  sum  of  15s.  4d.  still  owing.' 


10 


Said  Bernard  de  Baliol,  'Whoever  now  has  not  boldness, 
Ouu^ht  not  to  have  honour  or  anything  that  belongs  to  it.' 

I  tell  no  tale,  as  one  who  has  heard, 

But  as  one  who  was  there,  and  I  saw  it  myself. 
When  these  had  already  raised  the  battle  cry  of  Vesci, 
,  And  '  C;ianville  knights,'  and  '  Baliol '  as  well, 

Odinel  de  Umfranvile  lifted  up  his  own  cry, 
And  that  of  Estutevile  the  brave  knight. 

He  found  confronting  him  a  bold  knight, 

Sir  Bernard  de  Baliol,  of  whom  you  have  heard  me  speak. 

He  struck  him  down  and  his  charger, 

So  he  put  him  on  his  honour,  as  one  makes  a  knight. 

Sir  Bernard  did  right,  and  no  one  can  blame  him. 

When  the  battle  is  over,  one  will  know  how  to  praise  him, 

As  he  who  best  plays  his  sword  and  fights  the  best. 

The  Baliols  appear  to  have  used  another  battle  cry  oversea,  for  John  Baliol,  king  of  Scotland,  is  said 
to  have  always  kept  to  the  old  cry  of  his  house,  '  Hellicourt-en-Pontieu.'  Du  Cange,  in  Petitot.  Collection 
ties  Mcmoires  rehitifs  a  I'histoire  de  France,  Paris,  1819,  vol.  iii.  p.  242. 

•  Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer,  p.  95.  =  Rot.  Pipae  (Essex  and  Herts),  10  Ric.  I.  rot.  9  dorso. 
'  Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer,  p.  105.  '  Rot.  de  Ohlaiis  (Northumberland),  i  John,  No.  21. 

*  Rot.  Pipae  (Northumberland),  2  John,  rot.  i .      =  Ibid.  1 1  John,  rot.  1 5  dorso.      '  Ibid,  i  John,  rot.  8  dorso. 
'  Ibid.  3  John,  rot.  17.  '  Ibid.  10  John,  rot.  7.  '"  Ibid.  1 1  John,  rot.  15  dorso. 


36  THE   PARISH    OP   BYWELL   ST.    PETER. 

He  confirmed,  with  the  assent  of  his  son  Hngh,  the  grants  of  his 
ancestors  to  St.  Mary's  abbey  at  York.'  In  conjunction  with  his  father 
Bernard,  he  had  granted  two  mills  in  the  manor  of  Woodhorn  to  the  order 
of  the  knights  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem,  which  was  confirmed  by  King  John, 
August  30th,  1199.'  To  the  monastery  of  Durham  he  confirmed  the  church 
of  St.  Peter  at  Bywell,  which,  by  the  terms  of  the  agreement  between 
Durham  and  St.  Albans,  had,  together  with  the  church  of  Edlingham,  been 
conveyed  to  Durham.  This  was  done  in  the  words  of  one  charter  with  the 
advice  of  his  son  Hugh,'  in  the  words  of  another  with  the  consent  and  will 
of  his  son.*  The  first  witness  to  both  charters  is  Hugh,  his  son  and  heir.' 
To  his  grandfather's  gift  to  Kelso  abbey  he  added  land  near  Heley 
Chestres,"  and  he  confirmed  Bernard's  grant  to  Newminster  abbey,  adding 
the   gift  of  a  fishing  boat.' 

So  far  as  has  been  recorded  his  life  seems  to  have  been  uneventful,  and 
his  name  scarcely  appears  except  in  charters  granted  by  him.  He  married, 
for  his  second  wife,  the  widow  of  Robert  fitz  Piers,  for  which  he  had 
license  in  1190,  paying  a  fine  of  j^ioo;''  he  had  paid  into  the  treasury 
£.1"]   8s.    id.,   and  was  to   discharge  the   remainder  by  yearly  payments  of 

'  'Sciant  praesentes  et  futuri  quod  ego  Eustacius  de  Baiilol,  assensu  et  concensu  Hiigonis  filii  mei 
et  heredis  mei,  concessi  .  .  .  ecclesiae  Beatae  Mariae  Ebon  .  .  .  advocacionem  ecclesiae  de 
Gaynesford  cum  capellis  de  Castello  Bernard!  et  de  Midelton  et  omn.  aliis  pert,  suis,  et  duas  bovatas 
terrae  cum  tofto  et  crofto  in  villa  de  Midelton  praedicta.  Habenda  .  .  .  adeo  libere  .  .  .  sicut 
Guido  de  Baiilol  senior,  et  heredes  ejus  post  eum  antecessores,  scilicet,  mei  ea  dederunt.  .  .  . 
Praeterea  concedo  .  .  .  ecclesiam  de  Stokesley  et  unam  carucatam  terrae  in  eadem  villa  et  decimas 
de  dominico  meo  in  eadem  villa,  et  ecclesiam  de  Steynton  et  duas  bovatas  terrae  et  decimas  de  dominico 
meo  in  eadem  villa  cum  omnibus  ad  eadem  pertinentibus.  .  .  .  Testibus.  Huberto  Cantuariensi 
archiepiscopo,  Galfrido  filio  Petri  comile  Essexiae,  tunc  capitali  justiciario  domini  Regis,  Willelmo  de 
Estotutuil,  Ricardo  de  Herierd',  Simone  de  Pateshille,  Johanne  de  Gestlinges,  Galfrido  de  Bocland, 
Rogero  constabulario  Cestriae,  Roberto  Vauasour,  Willelmo  Percy  de  Gildalle  (Kildale)  et  aliis.  In 
hujus  rei  testimonium  tarn  ego  quam  dominus  Johannes  Francigena  et  W.  officialis  Karl '  huic  scripto 
sigilla  nostra  apposuimus.  Reg.  S.  Manac  Ehov.  fol.  304.  Hugh  granted  a  charter  in  similar  terms, 
and  with  the  same  witnesses.     Fol.  304. 

His  confirmation  was  executed  probably  after  the  teimination  of  a  suit  he  had  with  St.  Mary's 
abbey,  out  of  which  it  was  the  issue.  Between  .Sept.  29  and  Oct.  13,  1200,  there  was  a  plea  between 
Robert,  abbot  of  (St.  Mary)  York,  and  Eustace  de  Baiolo  and  his  son  Hugo,  of  the  advowson  of  the 
church  of  Gainford  with  the  chapels  of  Castellum  Bernardi,  Midelton,  Denton,  Hoctona,  and  Sumerhusum. 
Eustace  admitted  that  the  advowson  belonged  to  St.  Marj's  abbey,  and  undertook  to  quit-claim  it  to 
the  monks,  receiving  in  return  20  marcs  of  silver.     Pedes  Fiitium  Ehor.  .Surt.  .Soc.  No.  94,  p.  5. 

'"  Rot.  Chart,  in  Turri  Londin.  Record  Series,  p.  16. 

'  Durham  Treasury,  2''"  2^""  Spec.  No.  7.  '  Il>id.  No.  7* 

"  To  each  of  these  charters  his  seal  is  still  attached.  It  is  round,  2^  inches  in  diameter.  A  knight 
galloping  to  right,  wearing  a  flat-topped  helmet,  sword  in  right  hand,  and  shield  held  on  left  arm  and 
slung  round  the  slioulder,  rising  to  the  level  of  the  chin.     It  bears  on  the  front  an  escarbuncle. 

SIGILLVM    ijl    EVST.\CHII    |J(    DE   B.\LLOLIO    ^ 

°  This  was  confirmed  by  his  son  Hugh,  to  whose  charter  his  brothers  Ingelram  and  r)ernard  are 
witnesses.     Liber  S.  Mariae  de  Catcliou,  p.  222. 

'  Newminster  Cartulary,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  66,  p.  244.  '  Rut.  Pipae  (Wiltshire),  2  Ric.  I.  rot.  10. 


-AtfWMttr  ^  o^  Dcntflw  wfWl  be-  CaitiejipK^.  ^^ttrV  l<mmnttr.  CT<*ro  Wla«al  ♦rYujont^i^s 


CHARTER  OF  EUSTACE  DE  BALIOL  CONFIRMING  THE  CHURCH  OF 
BYWELL  ST.  PETER  TO  THE  CONVENT  OF  DURHAM. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  3I 

£16  6s.  Her  first  husband  was  probably  a  relation  of  Geoffrey  fitz  Piers, 
earl  of  Essex,  who  is  a  witness  to  the  confirmation  deed  of  Eustace  to 
St.  Mary's,  York.  Her  christian  name  appears  to  have  been  Petronell.  On 
October  17th,  1198,  Eustace  de  Bailliol  and  Petronell  his  wife  quit- 
claimed land  in  Sauteharp,  Wiltshire,  to  Gaufrid  fitz  Peter,  whose  tenants 
they  were,  receiving  from  him  thirty  marcs  of  silver.'  According  to 
the  pedigrees  he  had  three  sons,  Hugo,  Ingelram,  and  Bernard^  ;  an  entry- 
in  the  Liber  Vitae  of  Durham  adds  a  fourth,  Henry.^ 

He  appears  to  have  died  1209- 12 10,  being  succeeded  by  his  son  Hugh, 
who  in  1211-1212  was  discharged  by  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland  of  his 
scutage  of  thirty  fees/  Whether  his  father  was  deceased  before  1209  or  not, 
Hugh  had  a  suit  in  that  year  with  Robert  Bertram  about  two  carucates  of 
land  in  Pentemore,  in  the  course  of  which,  about  Easter,  Geoffrey  Mauduit, 
Roger  de  Plesseto,  David  de  Buredon,  and  William  fitz  Reginald,  chose 
twelve  men  to  hold  the  great  assize  between  the  two  litigants."  Hugh  de 
Baliol  had  on  February  25th,  1204,  before  the  death  of  his  father,  a  grant 
from  King  John  of  a  fair  at  Newbigginge  on  August  23rd  and  for  seven 
days  to  follow,  and  of  a  market  on  each  Friday  in  the  year." 

It  may  be  inferred  from  this  that  before  then  his  father  Eustace  had 
transferred  Newbigging  to  him.  He  appears,  during  his  father's  lifetime,  to 
have  occupied  a  position  of  much  importance,  and  to  have  been  in  favour 
with,  and  of  service  to.  King  John.  On  March  6th,  2  John  (1201),  the  king 
grants  leave  to  Hugh  de  Baliol  to  do  as  much  injury  to  Radulph  de  Exold', 
count  of  Eu,  as  he  is  able,  in  the  war  commencing  between  King  John  and 
the  king  of  France,  and  promises  that  no  distraint  shall  be  made  upon  him 
in  respect  of  payment  or  satisfaction  for  anything  taken  from  the  count  of 
Eu  in  the  same  war.' 

'  Pedei  Finitim,  Pipe  Roll  Soc.  vol.  xxiv.  p.  15. 

^  These  three  sons  are  witnesses  to  a  charter  of  Eustace,  granting  land  in  Middleton.  Original  deed, 
Muniment  room,  Streatlam  castle. 

'  Liber  Vitae,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  13,  p.  98.  '  Rot.  Pipae  (Northumberland),  13  John,  rot.  18  dorse. 

'  Curia  Regis  Roll,  g-io  John,  No.  48,  m.  4.         °  Rot.  Chart,  in  Turri  Londin.  Record  Series  p.  119  b. 

'  Rot.  Cart,  in  Turri  Londin.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  102.  The  count  of  Eu  was  Radulph  de 
Lusignan,  or  Issoudun,  who  had  married  .'Mi.x,  daughter  of  Henry  II.,  count  of  Eu,  and  heiress  of 
her  brother.  Radulph,  withdrawing  the  support  he  had  given  to  Henry  II.  and  Richard  I.,  kings  of 
England,  had  gone  over  to  the  king  of  France  in  the  war  between  him  and  King  John.  How  Hugh  de 
Baliol  was  connected  with  the  count  of  Eu  in  such  a  way  that  he  could  be  distrained  upon  in  his  interest, 
does  not  appear.  '  Et  non  distringemus  ipsum  ad  faciendam  solucionem  vel  satisfactionem  eidem  comiti 
de  aliquo  quod  super  eum  capit  in  werra  ilia.'  Tliere  is  no  evidence  known  to  show  that  Hugh  Baliol 
held  under  the  count  of  Eu  either  in  Normandy  or  England,  but  the  terms  of  King  John's  charter  seem 
\o  imply  that  he  was  a  tenant  under  the  count,  who  was,  therefore,  able  to  levy  a  distress  upon  him, 


32  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.T.    ST.    PETER. 

On  April  loth,  1213,  there  was  an  order  from  the  kini,^  to  Aimeric, 
archdeacon  of  Durham,  and  Philip  dc  Ulecotes,  guardians  of  the  see  of 
Durham,  during  its  vacancy  after  the  death  of  Philip  de  Poitou,  directing 
them  to  restore  the  castle  of  Bernard  and  all  other  the  lands  and  chattels  of 
Hugh  de  Baliol  which  they  had  retained.'  How  it  came  about  that  these 
had  been  seized  in  the  interest  of  the  see  of  Durham  does  not  appear,  but  it 
was  probably  under  some  claim  of  palatine  rights.  The  extent  and  value  of 
the  great  fees  of  the  house  of  Baliol  at  the  time  is  shown  by  the  entry  on 
the  Pipe  Roll,  13  John  (1211-1212),  where  Hugh  de  Baliol  answers  for  the 
large  amount  of  thirty  knight's  fees.  He  held  Bywell  by  the  service  of  five 
knight's  fees,  and  providing  thirty  men  for  guarding  Newcastle,  as  his 
ancestors  had  done,  since  William  Rufus  gave  them  feoffment  of  the  barony.^ 
An  entry  occurs  in  the  Patent  Rolls  of  12 13  which  was  probably  connected 
with  his  over-sea  estates.  On  September  17th,  the  king  writes  to  the 
bailiffs  of  his  sea  ports  and  the  keepers  of  the  English  galleys,  informing 
them  that  he  has  allowed  Hugh  de  Baliol  for  this  one  term  to  send  a 
ship  beyond  seas  with  his  own  goods  and  merchandise.  The  permission 
was  to  last  until  Christmas.^ 

Hugh  de  Baliol,  with  his  brother  Bernard,  was  a  staunch  supporter  of 
King  John  in  his  contest  with  the  baronial  party.  He  has  in  consequence 
incurred  the  bad  report  of  the  chroniclers  of  the  time,  all  of  them  monastic, 
Matthew  Paris  giving  the  two  brothers  a  specially  evil  name,  calling  them 
'consiliarios  iniquissimos.'*  It  is  possible  that  Hugh  was  not  so  black  as 
he  has  been  painted,  and  there  are  some  acts  of  his  life  which  appear  to 
warrant  a  more  favourable  estimate  of  his  character. 

King  John  was  at  Barnard  Castle,  January  30th,  12 16,  on  his  journey 
southwards,  when  he  granted  to  Hugh  de  Baliol  the  custody  of  the  castle 
of  Whorlton  in  Cleveland,  with  other  lands  and  properties  of  Robert  de 
Meisnille,  then  in  the  king's  hands.'*  Hugh  Baliol  did  not  retain  the 
Whorlton    barony    for    long,    the    death    of   John    and     the    succession    of 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Ciaus.  14  John,  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  129.         ''  Testa  dc  Nevill,  p.  392.     See  ante  p.  18. 

^  Rot.  Lit.  Put.   15  John,  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.    104. 

'  Miittli.  Pans,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  ii.  pp.   532-3. 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  164  b.  '  Re,\  Gaufrido  de  Nevill  camerario,  salutem. 
Mandamus  vobis  quod  liberetis  dilecto  et  fideli  nostro  Hugoni  de  Bailloel  castrum  de  Hueruelton,  cum 
omnibus  terris  et  pertinenciis  suis,  quae  fuerunt  Roberti  de  Mei.-nille,  quae  eidem  Hugoni  commisinius, 
habenda  quamdiu  nobis  placuerit.  Et  in  hujus  &;c.  Teste  me  ipso  apud  Castrum  Bern^rdi  xxjc  die 
Januarii  anno  regni  nostri  xvii""\  (1216).' 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  33 

Henry  III.  having  brought  about  a  change  of  relations  between  him  and 
the  crown.  On  October  31st,  1217,  Henry  HI.  ordered  the  sheriff  of 
Yorkshire  to  give  to  the  archbishop  of  Canterbury  the  same  seisin  of  the 
barony  and  its  appurtenances,  once  belonging  to  Robert  de  Meisnille,  as  the 
archbishop  had  before  the  war,  and  of  which,  as  he  said,  he  was  deseised 
by  the  occasion  of  war.'  On  December  2nd,  in  the  same  year,  the  king 
notified  to  the  same  sheriff  that  he  had  ordered  Baliol  to  give  seisin  to 
Stephen  (Langton)  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  in  whose  fee  they  were,  of 
all  the  lands,  fees  and  tenements  which  once  were  Robert  de  Meisnille's. 
In  case  Baliol  did  not  obey  the  precept,  the  sheriff  was  himself  to  give 
seisin  to  the  archbishop.'^  On  May  13th,  1218,  the  archbishop  had  not  had 
seisin  given  him,  and  the  king  ordered  the  sheriff  to  put  the  archbishop  in 
possession  without  delay,  and  that  if  any  persons  resisted  him  they  were  to 
give  security,  and  find  valid  sureties  to  appear  before  the  king's  council  at 
Westminster  to  show  cause  why  they  had  resisted  the  king's  precept.' 
Things  seem  to  have  been  brought  to  an  issue  and  Baliol  to  submission,  by  a 
writ  issued  March  gth,  12 19,  when  the  sheriff  of  Hertford  was  certified  that 
a  time  had  been  given  to  Hugh  de  Baliol  to  deliver  to  the  archbishop 
the  land  once  belonging  to  Robert  de  Meisnille,  which  Baliol  held  by 
reason  of  having  the  custody  of  his  heir.^  The  time  given  having  elapsed, 
and  the  land  being  still  retained,  by  the  same  writ,  the  sheriff  was 
directed  to  give  the  archbishop  seisin  of  the  manor  of  Hiche  (Hitchin), 
in  the  fee  of  Baliol,  to  be  held  as  long  as  Baliol  kept  possession  of  the 
Meisnille  barony  which  he  had  been  repeatedly  ordered  to  surrender.^ 
John  had  also  granted  him  lands  in  Rutland,  which  had  belonged  to 
Richard  de  Umframville." 

In  conjunction  with  Philip  de  Ulecotes,  he  was  given  the  charge 
of  all  the  land  between  the  Tees  and  Scotland  with  the  castles,  the 
king  providing  knights  and  men  sufficient  for  the  protection  of  the 
country.'  Shortly  after  this  an  event  of  some  importance,  which  has  a 
tragic  incident  attached  to  it,  occurred  at  Barnard  Castle.  Alexander, 
king    of  Scotland,   in   alliance    with  Louis  of  France,  to    whom    the    pope 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Clans,  vol.  i.  p.  339.  -  Ibid.  vol.  i.  p.  346.  '  Ibid.  vol.  i.  p.  361  b. 

*  Feb.  2,  1213,  Stephen  de  Turneham  was  ordered  to  give  over  to  Hugh  de  Gurnaco  the 
custody  of  tlie  son  and  daughter  of  Robert  de  Meisnille,  whom  he  had  in  charge.  Rut.  Lit.  Pat. 
vol.  i.  p.  96  b.  *  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  vol.  i.  p.  389.  ^  Ibid.  17  John,  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  252  b. 

'  Matth.  Paris,  vol.  ii.  p.  641. 
Vol.  VI.  S 


34  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

had  granted  the  kingdom  of  England,  had  invaded  the  northern  province/ 
subjugating  all  of  it  except  the  castles  which  Baliol  and  Ulecotes  most 
stoutly  defended.'  He  had  come  through  Cumberland,  dev^astating  as  he 
went,  among  other  deeds  of  violence  burning  Holme-Cultram  abbey,  and 
was  set  down  before  Barnard  Castle  with  the  intention  of  laying  siege  to  it. 
'  And  while  he  was  thus  occupied,  one  within  discharged  a  cross-bow,  and 
strake  Eustace  Vesey  (Eustace  de  Vesci),  which  had  married  his  ;  Alexander's) 
sister,  on  the  forehead,  with  such  might  that  he  fell  dead  to  the  ground, 
whereof  the  king  and  all  his  nobles  conceived  great  sorrow,  but  were  not 
able  to  amend  it.''  King  John,  not  long  before  his  death,  on  June  5th,  12 16, 
committed  to  Hugh  de  Baliol  the  important  trust  of  the  castles  of  Durham, 
Norham,  Mitford,  Prudhoe,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  and  especially  Bamburgh, 
and  all  the  other  castles,  custodies,  and  bailiwicks,  which  Philip  de  Ulecotes, 
who  was  expected  to,  but  did  not  then,  die,  had  in  charge.'' 

In  the  following  year  (12 17)  William,  earl  of  Salisbury,  was  ordered  to 
give  Hugh  Baliol  seisin  of  the  manor  of  Mere  (Wiltshire),  so  that  he  might 
be  in  a  position  to  resist  any  claim  which  might  be  made  to  it.^  The  manor 
was  appurtenant  to  the  castle  of  Devizes  (Divis),  and  was  accustomed  to  be 
committed  to  those  who  held  it,  for  their  maintenance  when  in  the  king's 
service.'^  In  connection  with  this  a  letter"  from  Philip  de  Ulecotes  to  Hubert 
de  Burgh,  justiciar  of  England,  possesses  much  interest.  It  is  attributed  by 
the  editor  (Rev.  W.  W.  Shirley)  to  the  early  part  of  the  year  12 18,  but  it  more 
probably  preceded  the  order  to  the  earl  of  Salisbury,  made  in  12 17.  He 
tells  him  that  Hugh  de  Baliol  prohibits  the  castle  of  Mitford'  being  given  to 
anyone  unless  his  rights  in  the  manor  of  Mere,  now  withheld  by  the  earl  of 
Salisbury,  are  restored  to  him.     And  further,  that  if  the  castle  is  made  over, 

'  The  invasion  is  stated  to  have  been  caused  by  the  threats  of  Phihp  de  Ulecotes  and  Hugo  de  Bahol 
to  devastate  Scotland  'causa  ultionis.'     Chronicon  de  Lancrcost,  Maitland  Club,  p.  25. 

'  Matth.  Paris,  vol.  ii.  p.  663. 

^  Matth.  Paris,  vol.  li.  p.  666.  Lambarde,  Dictioiiariitm  Anglicu,  p.  45,  translating  from,  and  adding 
to,  Matthew  Paris.  '  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  18  John,  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  186. 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  1  Henry  III.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  314  b. 

'Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  3  Henry  III.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  400  b.  The  entry  says  nothing  about 
Devizes,  but  that  the  grant  was  made  to  sustain  him  while  he  was  in  the  king's  service.  It  was  to  last 
'  usque  ad  quartum  decimum  annum  aetatis  nostrae  completendum.' 

'  Royal  Letters,  No.  695  ;  Royal  and  Hist.  Letters,  Shirley,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  11. 

'  Roger  Bertram  was  in  rebellion  against  King  John  in  12 14,  when  his  estates  were  forfeited  and 
given  to  Philip  de  Ulecotes,  then  sheriff  of  Northumberland,  and  one  of  John's  principal  agents.  The 
castle  was,  at  the  time  of  this  letter,  in  the  hands  of  Hugh  de  Baliol  in  consequence  of  John  having,  in 
1216,  given  the  custody  of  it  to  him. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  35 

he  will  withdraw  from  the  king's  service.  The  writer  of  the  letter  also  says 
that  it  is  not  in  his  power  to  deal  with  the  castle,  as  the  knights  and  servants 
of  Hugh  de  Baliol  hold  it,  and  cannot  easily  be  put  out  without  the  order  of 
Hugh.  He  advises  that  the  manor  of  Mere  be  given  up  to  Baliol,  and  then, 
controversies  and  disagreements  being  set  at  rest,  the  castle  may  be  restored 
to  Roger  Bertram.  The  connection  of  the  Baliols  with  Mere  was  continued 
through  the  time  of  three  members  of  the  family,  Joscelin,  Eustace,  and 
Hugh.  The  first  record  is  contained  in  the  Pipe  Roll  for  Wiltshire  of  the 
year  1156,  when  Joscelin  de  BalioP  had_£36  blanch  of  land  in  Mere,  with 
the  hundred.'^  He  appears  in  the  sheriflfs'  account,  under  the  same  terms, 
until  1167-8.^  In  the  sheriffs'  account  of  the  following  year,  the  name 
of  Eustace  occurs  as  the  holder.''  The  relationship  is  not  certain,  but  if, 
as  seems  probable,  Joscelin  was  a  brother  of  Bernard  I.,  Eustace  was  his 
great  nephew  and  heir. 

In  1205,  King  John  confirmed  a  grant  of  land  in  Burton  and  pasture 
in  Gaveldon,  and  other  rights  to  Everard  de  Burton  and  his  wife  Matilda, 
which  Joscelin  de  Bailleul  had  granted  to  Galfrid  le  Panmere,  father  of 
Matilda,  and  concerning  which  there  had  been  a  plea  before  the  justices, 
and  a  final  concord  made  between  Burton  and  his  wife  and  Eustace  de 
Baylloel,  great  nephew  and  heir  {iiepos  et  lieres)  of  Joscelin."^  If  this 
supposition  with  regard  to  the  relationship  between  the  holders  of  property 
in  Mere  is  correct,  it  explains  how  Eustace  succeeded  Joscelin  at  that  place. 
In  1215,  it  was  given  by  King  John  to  William  Talebot,  having  been  lately 
held  by  Eustace  de  Baliol.'^  It  was  again  granted,  February  5th,  1222,  to 
Lucas  de  Rumare,  saving  the  chattels  of  William  Talebot  and  the  grain  he 
had  sown.'     In  the  interval  in  the  year  1217,  seisin  had   been  ordered  to  be 

'  He  was  high  in  the  favour  of  Henry  II.,  and  occurs  at  the  time  he  had  the  grant  of  Mere 
frequently  as  a  witness,  in  association  with  great  officers  of  the  crown,  to  charters  of  the  king.  He  was, 
no  doubt,  the  same  Joscehn,  who,  in  1166,  held  land  in  Gloucestershire  of  the  fee  of  Henry  de  Novo 
Mercato.     Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer,  p.  296. 

■'  Great  Rolls  of  the  Pipe,  2,  3,  4  Hen.  II.  ed.  Hunter,  p.  57,  Record  Series.  '  Et  Joscel'  de  Baill'  361i. 
bl.  in  Mera  cu  hundr'.'  The  entry  may  be  explained  thus.  The  sheriff,  who  had  the  ferm  of  the  county 
from  the  king,  in  his  return  subtracts  from  his  payment  into  the  e.xchequer  such  profits  as  had  been 
withdrawn  from  him,  either  by  necessary  e.xpenses,  ancient  and  current  charges,  or  deductions  arising 
from  special  grants  of  the  king.  Baliol  had  given  him  an  estate  in  Mere,  which,  according  to  what  is 
said  in  Philip  de  Ulecotes'  letter,  seems  to  have  comprised  the  manor,  of  the  value  of  £^6  blanch 
(blanched  money)  a  year,  together  with  the  hundred,  that  is,  with  the  profits  of  the  courts.  The  sheriff, 
therefore,  in  his  yearly  account,  credits  himself  with  the  deduction  of  ^36  and  the  court  issues  made 
from  the  amount  of  ferm  of  the  county  due  to  the  crown. 

\Rot.  Pipae,  14  Hen.  II.  Pipe  Roll  Soc.  vo\.  xii.  p.  157.  *  Ihid.  15  Hen.  II.  vol.  xiii.  p.  18. 

*  Rot.  Chart,  in  Tiirri  Londin.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  152  b. 

'Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  17  John,  Record  Series  vol.  i.  p.  230.      '  [bid.  6  Hen.  III.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  4S7  b. 


36  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER 

given  to  Hugh  de  Baliol,  but  what  the  issue  of  that  order  was  is  not 
apparent,  nor  is  it  on  record  that  the  Baliols  after  that  had  anv  interest  in 
Mere. 

On  September  23rd,  12 17,  in  conjunction  with  the  archbishop  of 
York,  the  bishop  of  Durham  and  others,  Hugh  de  Raliol  was  commanded 
to  assist  Robert  de  Veteriponte,  to  whom  the  Icing,  Henry  HI.,  had 
committed  the  castle  of  Carlisle  and  county  of  Cumberland,  in  recovering 
from  Ale.Kander,  king  of  Scotland,  the  castle  of  Carlisle,  and  the  lands  and 
prisoners  he  had  taken  during  the  war  between  King  Henry  and  Louis, 
king,  of  France.^ 

After  the  restoration  of  peace  in  1217,  many  of  those  who,  during  the 
disturbed  state  of  war,  had  lived  by  rapine,  continued  to  hold  the  castles, 
lands,  and  other  possessions  of  bishops  and  lords  which  they  had  seized, 
against  the  prohibition  of  the  king  and  the  will  of  the  owners.^  Among 
them  were  Hugh  de  Baliol,  William,  earl  of  Albemarle,  and  Fawkes  de 
Breaute,  one  of  the  late  king's  worst  advisers,  a  man  without  bowels  of 
mercy  as  he  is  described.  This  association,  and  the  participation  in  the 
acts  of  violence  with  which  he  was  charged,  lend  some  countenance  to 
the  accusation  brought  against  Hugh  de  Baliol  in  regard  to  his  relations 
with  the  evil  acts  of  Kmg  John,  and  must  necessarily  have  an  effect  in 
estimating  his  character. 

About  two  years  later  there  was  an  occurrence  in  connection  with 
Hugh  de  Baliol's  Teesdale  lordship  which  is  of  some  interest  and 
importance.  The  kings  of  England  had  a  mine  in  Tvnedale,  called 
indifferently  the  mine  of  Carlisle  and  the  mine  of  Alston  (Aldeneston), 
which  was  an  appendage  of  the  castle  of  Carlisle,  and  for  the  profits  of 
which  the  constable  of  the  castle  was  responsible.  In  Januarv,  12 19, 
Robert  de  Veteriponte  laid  a  complaint  before  the  king's  council  against 
Hugh  de  Baliol  that  he  had  prevented  the  miners  from  going  to  the  mine, 
as  they  had  been  accustomed,  a  proceeding  which  was  the  cause  of  damage 
to  the  king.  Baliol  was  ordered  to  cease  from  this  interference,  so  as  to 
make  it  unnecessary  for  the  king  to  take  action  against  him.'  Whether 
Hugh  obeyed  the  mandate  or  not  does  not  appear,  but  the  same  complaint 
was    made    during    the    time    of    his    son    John.      In   December,    1229,    the 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  I  Hen.  III.  m.  3.  "  Mcitth.  Paris,  vol.  iii.  p.  33. 

'  Rot.  Finium,  3  Hen.  III.  m.  4  dorso. 


MMJmM 


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jl^maum.mjf^nm»n  imXvn7{«>w^m^^m  ubj^^tfnianiT^niivr  ttnrtSsfu  u««m»JtT^ 


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..  -^w.  ■  .l.^.     1  »• . 


C./^iViL^R  OF  HUGH  DE  BALiw^   CONFIRMING  THE 
BYWELL  ST.  PETER  TO  THE  CONVENT  OF  DU  ;- 


'CH  OF 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  37 

sheriff  of  Northumberland  was  commanded  to  see  that  bv  bail  and  sureties 
John  de  Baliol  appeared  before  the  barons  of  the  Exchequer  to  show  cause 
why  he  prevented  the  king's  miners  of  Cumberland  from  passing  over  the 
moor  of  Teesdale  to  the  king's  mine.'  In  a  case,  May  13th  in  the  following 
year,  between  the  king  and  John  de  Balliol  and  Nigel  de  Mubray, 
Balliol's  bailiff  was  ordered  to  allow  the  Cumberland  miners  to  have  free 
passage  through  all  his  master's  lands,  as  well  forest  as  other  land,  to  buy 
victuals.  The  king,  however,  allowed  that  as  long  as  John  de  Baliol  was  in 
his  service  beyond  seas  the  pleas  between  the  king  and  him  were  to  be 
respited,  and  that  during  the  same  time  the  miners,  not  being  able  to  work 
freely,  should  be  excused  five  marcs  of  ferm.^  The  land  that  Baliol  had 
closed  against  the  miners  was  the  forest  and  other  parts  of  Marwood  at  the 
head  of  Teesdale,  a  district  abutting  on  the  forest  of  Alston,  and  in  near 
proximity  to  the  mine.'  The  reason  for  this  interference  on  the  part  of 
John  de  Baliol  is  not  far  to  seek,  for  the  miners,  no  doubt,  had  taken  the 
same  liberty  to  cut  down  wood  in  the  king's  name,  for  other  purposes  than 
the  use  of  the  mine,  as  they  did  in  the  case  of  Henry  de  Whiteby  and  his 
wife  Joan,  who  in  1290  impleaded  Patric  del  Gile  and  twenty-six  other 
miners  of  Alston  for  cutting  down  their  trees  to  the  value  of  ^40.* 

Hugh  de  Baliol  added  his  own  confirmation  to  that  of  his  father,  of 
the  church  of  St.  Peter  at  Bywell  to  the  convent  of  Durham,*  giving  also, 
by  another  charter  to  Durham,  for  the  use  of  their  church  of  Bywell,  the 
tithes  and  obventions  of  a  new  assart  between  Whittonstall  and  the  river 
Derwent  (inter  Oxiiketonestall  et  Derewentc),  which  afterwards  became 
the   hamlet   of  Newlands,  and   common  pasture   in  his  lands  '' sicut  decet."^ 

'  Memoranda,  L.  T.  R.  14  Hen.  III.  m.  3.  -  Ibid.  14  Hen.  III.  m.  6  dorso. 

^  Henry  III.,  by  two  charters,  granted  large  privileges  to  his  miners  of  Cumberland.  He  took  them 
under  his  protection,  their  men,  lands,  goods,  rents,  and  all  other  their  possessions,  commanding  his 
bailiffs  and  others  to  maintain,  protect  and  defend  them,  neither  inflicting  on  them,  nor  permitting  to  be 
inflicted,  any  offence,  injury,  loss,  or  trouble.  They  were  to  have  the  same  liberties  as  they  had  in  the 
time  of  his  predecessors,  kings  of  England.  The  sheriff  of  Cumberland  was  commanded  to  cause  all  the 
miners  in  his  bailiwick  to  dig  and  mine  in  the  king's  mine,  as  they  had  been  accustomed  to  do,  and  to 
require  merchants  in  his  bailiwick  to  repair  to  the  mine  with  victuals  for  the  miners.  Rot.  Lit.  Put.  iS 
Hen.  III.  m.  7;  20  Henry  III.  m.  13;  21  Hen.  III.  m.  10. 

'  Coke's  Institutes,  second  part  (1662);  Mich.  18  Edw.  I.  banco  rot.  139. 

'  Durham  Treas.  2''"  2'''"'  Spec.  No.  8.  The  seal  of  Hugh  de  Baliol  still  remains  attached  to  the 
charter.  It  is  round,  2j:  inches  in  diameter.  The  device  is  equestrian  ;  a  knight,  holding  a  sword  in  right 
hand,  is  galloping  to  right.  He  wears  a  flat-topped  helmet,  and  a  shield  level  with  his  chin  on  his  left 
arm.  The  shield  bears  the  arms  of  Baliol,  an  orle,  upon  it.  Long  housings  and  the  sword  sheath  hang 
below  the  horse's  belly.     ij<  SIGILLVM  HVGONis  DE  bailliolo. 

*  Durham  Treas.  2''"  2''""  Spec.  No.  9.  An  armorial  seal  is  appended  to  the  charter.  It  is  round, 
I4  inches  in  diameter,  of  rather  rude  work.     It  bears  on  a  shield  an  orle.     ^  SIGILL  HVGONIS  DE  BALIOLO. 


38  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWEI.I,   ST.    PETER. 

He  confirmed  the  old  grant  of  Gainford  and  other  places  to  St.  Mary's 
at  York.  To  the  abbey  of  Whitby  he  confirmed  the  grant  of  the  churches 
of  Ingleby  and  Kirkby,  given  to  the  monks  by  his  grandfather  Bernard.' 
He  gave  to  the  monks  of  Rievau.x  ten  acres  of  arable  land  of  his  demesne, 
and  common  pasture  for  eight  oxen  in  Neasham  (Neusum).'-  He  gave  to 
the  priory  of  Hexham  the  homage  of  John  de  Swyneburne-Est,  with  I2d. 
rent  from  his  capital  messuage  of  Est  Swyneburne,  and  a  tithe  grange  and 
garden  at  the  same  place.''  To  the  knights  of  the  Temple  he  confirmed 
the  vill  of  Westerdale,  which  was  further  confirmed  by  King  John." 

Hush  de  Baliol  has  suffered  so  much  at  the  hands  of  those  who  have 
left  an  account  of  the  stormy  period  of  our  history  through  which  he  lived, 
that  it  is  a  pleasure  to  record  some  of  the  actions  which  seem  to  give  a  more 
favourable  aspect  to  his  character.  A  safe  conduct  granted  by  King  John, 
February  15th,  12 16,  to  Robert  de  Ros  and  Peter  de  Brus,  to  come  to  him 
without  arms  to  speak  of  making  their  peace,  appears  incidentally  to  testify 
to  the  good  character  of  Hugh  de  Baliol  and  to  the  creditable  nature  of  his 
associations.  For  their  greater  security,  the  king  desired  Aimeric,  archdeacon 
of  Durham,  Wido  de  Fontibus,  and  brother  Walter  Templarius,  head  of  a 
preceptory  of  Templars  [praeceptor  in  partibus  Ebor.\  to  accompany  Ros 
and  Brus,  Templarius  being  described  as  one  of  the  companions  [units  desociis) 
of  Hugh  de  Baliol.^  The  manner  in  which  he  acted  towards  the  burgesses 
of  Barnard  Castle  shows  that  he  was  possessed  of  a  liberal  and  considerate 
disposition.  It  indicates  a  desire  to  lighten  the  burdens  of  his  men  and  to 
add  to  the  improvement  of  their  condition  in  regard  to  the  requirements  of 
daily  life.  But  he  went  further  than  that  on  the  lines  of  social  progress  by 
granting  them  privileges  which  ensured  the  stability  and  enlarged  the  scope  of 
their  position  as  members  of  the  cominunity  which  his  ancestors  had  created. 
It  is  true  that  the  general  spirit  of  the  time  was  tending  to  elevate  the 
humbler  part  of  the  population,  and  to  create  the  wish  to  stand  higher  and 
to  feel  more  safe  in  their  several  ranks  of  life.  This  was  more  especially 
the  case  in  the  towns,  where  a  growing  trade  was  begetting  a  longing  for 
greater  comfort  of  living  and  was  generating  a  demand  for  more  freedom 
and    security.       But    making    every  allowance   for  this,   it   must   be   placed 

'  Whilby  Cartulary,  Surt.  Soc.  vol.  i.  p.  55.  "  Cartulary  of  Rievaux,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  83,  p.  221. 

'Priory  of  Hexham,  vol.  ii.  Surt.  Soc.  No.  46,  pp.  116,  117;  (/.  vol.  iv.  of  this  work,  p.  303. 

'  Rot.  Cart,  in  Turri  Loiidiii.  vol  i.  p.  106  b.         '  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  17  John,  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  165  b. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL. 


39 


to  the  credit  of  the  lord  of  Barnard  Castle  that  instead  of  resisting:  a 
popular  and  just  requirement,  which  he  might  have  done,  he  furthered  it  so 
far  as,  within  his  own  limits,  he  was  able  to  do.  This  good  side  of  his 
character  may  be  placed  in  opposition  to  the  charge  that  he  was  the  author 
of  evil  counsels  to  the  king,  and  to  what  Dugdale  asserts  about  '  his  wonted 
course  of  plundering,"  if  indeed  all  these  accounts  are  not  so  deeply  coloured 
by  prejudice  as  to  render  their  entire  acceptance  doubtful. 

The  privileges  he  granted  his  burgesses  were  by  no  means  small  ones 
for  the  time  when  they  were  given,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  details.  By  a 
charter  still  preserved  in  the  town's  chest  at  Barnard  Castle,"  he  gave  the 
burgesses  the  whole  common  pasture  and  all  common  rights  on  the  east  and 
north  part,  within  certain  specified  bounds,  restraining  them  from  taking 
wood  from  places  named  in  the  grant,  without  the  lord's  leave.  By  another 
deed^  common  of  pasture  was  granted  to  them  and  their  tenants,  living  in 
the  town,  in  the  forest  of  Marwood  for  all  their  cattle  without  agistment  or 
pannage.  Every  burgess  might  have  his  own  oven  (  fiirnniii)  without  paying 
any  rent,  but,  in  case  the  lord  erected  one,  they  were  not  to  have  one 
of  their  own  without  permission.  Leave  was  given  to  put  up  buildings 
in  front  of  each  burgess  house  {posstt  caperc  viam  ante  ostium  siiiciii  pro 
domibiis  suis  aedificandis\  and  each  might  collect  dung  as  far  as  the 
middle  of  the  road.  They  were  only  burdened  with  a  sixteenth  part  as 
multure  for  all  corn  grown  in  the  town  field  and  ground  at  the  lord's  mill, 
and  they  could  bake  at  the  common  bake  house,  paying  one  half-penny, 
the  baker  finding  the  fuel. 

These  privileges  may  not  appear  to  be  of  much  importance  now,  when 
rights,  then  withheld,  have  been  obtained  for  all,  and  when,  within  the  law, 
a  man  may  do  the  thing  he  will,  but  in  the  early  thirteenth  century,  when 
the  feudal  system  was  in  full  operation  and  the  power  of  the  lord  was  almost 
paramount,  such  concessions  cannot  be  regarded  as  trifling,  but  were  of  the 
essence  of  things  that  went  to  the  root  of  decent  living  and  reasonable 
maintenance  and  independence. 

Hugh's  wife's  name  was  Cecilia,^  but  of  her  parentage  nothing  is  known. 
In  addition  to  his  successor  John  and  other  sons,  he  had  a  daughter  Ada,  who 
married  John  fitz  Robert,  lord  of  Warkworth,  and  whose  son  by  her  adopted 

'  Dugdale's  Baronage,  p.  523. 

^  The  charter,  which  has  an  imperfect  seal  attached,  is  printed  in  Hutchinson's  History  of  Durham, 
vol.  iii.  p.  234  ;  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  iv.  p.  71.         '  Hutchinson,  Durham,  p.  241  ;  Surtees,  Durham,  p.  72. 
'  Cartulary  of  Ricvaux,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  83,  p.  221. 


40  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

his  mother's  name  of  Baliol.  Her  dower  was  one  of  more  than  ordinary 
importance,  comprising  the  large  fee  of  Stokesley,  with  all  its  appendages, 
including  the  forest  of  Basedale  ;  the  estate  of  Lynton,  in  Northumberland, 
was  also  a  part  of  the  dower.'  Some  portion  of  this  great  estate  in 
Cleveland  appears  to  have  remained  in  the  male  line  of  Baliol,  for  about 
1 284-1 285  the  jurors  state  on  an  inquest  made,  that  John  de  Balliolo  held  in 
capite  of  the  king  four  fees  in  Stokeslay,  Batherby,  Ingleby  juxta  Grenehowe, 
Parva  Browghton,  Dromondby,  Kyrkeby,  Magna  Buskeby,  Scoterskelf, 
Parva  Buskeby,  Thoraldby  and  Neweby.'-     Hugh  de  Baliol  died  in  1228. 

His  son  John,  who  succeeded  him,  owed  ^150  in  the  year  1228-9  for 
relief  of  thirtv  knights'  fees,^  lOOS.  for  each  fee,  which  had  been  held  by  his 
father  Hugh  de  Baliol  of  the  king  in  caf/ite ;  at  the  same  time  he  was 
discharged  for  the  scutage  of  2^  fees  in  Hitchin  (Hiechen).^  The  next  year 
he  had  paid  /.lOO  into  the  king's  treasury,  and  having  been  pardoned  ^"50 
bv  the  king's  writ  he  was  discharged,  but  he  owed  ^20  for  relief  of  four 
fees  held  of  the  king  in  chief  in  the  honour  of  Boulogne.^  In  April,  1231, 
he  still  owed  the  ^20,  but  was  given  until  Michaelmas  to  pay  it."  It  was 
still  unpaid  April  20th,  1232,  when  on  the  non-appearance  of  his  steward,  who 
had  guaranteed  pavment,  he  was  ordered  to  be  distrained  for  the  arrears.' 
Although  he  was  apparently  discharged  of  his  relief  in  1230,  in  September, 
1 23 1,  he  had  to  find  sureties  (William  de  Perci,  Henry  de  Perci,  Robert  de 
Twenge)  for  ^100  of  his  relief,  reduced  to  that  sum  by  the  king's  pardon  of 
£S0  of  the  original  sum  of  .^150.*  On  June  3rd,  1230,  he  had  a  safe  conduct 
to  come  and  speak  with  the  king,  who  was  at  Nantes,  and  on  the  15th  he 
had  protection  as  long  as  he  was  in  the  king's  service  beyond  seas,  his 
brother  Eustace  being  also  in  the  king's  service."  The  next  day  Hugh  de 
Tylleloy,  his  knight,  and  Colin  de  Fraunkeville,  his  valet,  had  a  safe 
conduct  for  three  weeks,  going  and  returning  through  the  king's  dominions.'" 

'  An  inquisition  of  her  lands  in  Northumberland  was  held  at  Linton,  near  Woodhorn,  Nov.  16, 
1251.    Inq.  p.  in.  35  Hen.  111.;  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  g.         -  Kii-khy's  Inquest,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  49,  p.  133. 

'  In  Northumberland  his  fees,  constituting  the  barony  of  Baliol,  were  the  following:  '  Newbigginge, 
Wodehorn  cum  Lynemuwe  et  Hirst  membris  suis,  Haliwele,  Lynton,  Ellington  cum  Cressewelle  et 
Hayden  membris  suis,  Bechefeld,  Nigram  Heddon,  Staunfordham  cum  Ulkiston,  Nesbite  et  medietate 
de  Dalton  membris  suis,  Ryhille,  Gunwarton  cum  .Swineburne  membro  suo,  Neuton  del  West,  Neuton 
del  Est,  Acum,  Stellinge,  Ovigton,  Eltrincham,  Mickeley,  Quictunstal,  Faldirley,  Bromley  et  medietatem 
de  Bywelle  cum  Stokesfelde.'     Testa  de  NeviU,  p.  3S5. 

*  Rot.  Pipae  (Essex  and  Hertford),  13  Hen.  III.  rot.  14  dorso. 

=  Ibid.  14  Hen.  III.  rot.  8  dorso.  They  were  at  Niweham  justa  Waledene  (Newnham  in  .^shdon, 
Essex).     Red  Book  of  the  Exchequer,  p.  577. 

«  Memoranda  Q.  R.  15  Hen.  III.  rot.  6  ;   Rot.  Finiuni.  15  Hen.  III.  m.  6. 

'  Ibid.  16  Hen.  III.  rot.  6  dorso.  '  Ibid-  15  Hen.  III.  rot  7. 

»  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  16  Hen.  III.  m.  6,  m.  7.  '°  Ibid.  14  Hen.  III.  m.  6. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  4 1 

In  1233  he  married  Devorguil,  one  of  the  daughters,  and  in  the  end 
sole  heir,  of  Alan,  lord  of  Galloway,  constable  of  Scotland.  This  marriage 
brought  him  large  estates  with  great  influence,  which,  added  to  what  he  had 
inherited,  made  him  one  of  the  most  powerful  of  the  English  barons.  It 
was,  however,  ultimately  the  cause  of  the  downfall  of  his  house.  Alan  of 
Galloway,  the  representative  of  a  great  and  ancient  Galwegian  stock,  had 
married  Margaret,  eldest  daughter  and  co-heir  of  David,  earl  of  Huntingdon,  ' 
son  of  Henry,  earl  of  Northumberland,  and  grandson  of  David  I.,  king  of 
Scotland.  In  this  way  his  daughter  Devorguil  came  into  the  line  of 
succession  to  the  crown  of  Scotland. 

One  of  John  de  Baliol's  estates,  the  vill  of  Long  Newton,  which 
belonged  to  him  as  appurtenant  to  the  barony  of  Gainford,  was  the  cause 
of  a  long  standing  dispute  between  him  and  the  bishops  of  Durham.  It 
originated  through  Long  Newton  being  in  the  wapentake  of  Sadberge, 
which,  since  its  purchase  by  bishop  Pudsey  from  Richard  I.,  had  become 
virtually  included  within  the  palatinate.  The  fee  granted  by  William 
Rufus  to  Guy  de  Baliol  was  held  in  chief  of  the  king,  and  Guy's  successors 
appear  to  have  claimed  that  the  homage  due  from  the  whole  of  the  lands 
within  the  fee  was  covered  by  the  terms  of  that  grant.  The  bishops  of 
Durham,  on  the  other  hand,  claimed  that  the  homage  of  5j  knight's  fees 
of  the  barony  of  Gainford  belonged  to  them,  as  held  of  the  palatinate, 
through  the  wapentake  of  Sadberge  being  absorbed  within  it.  In  1231 
an  agreement'  was  made  between  Richard  (Poor)  bishop  of  Durham,  and 
John  de    Baliol,   for  settling  the   matter,   an  object   which,    on   account  of 

'  The  agreement,  which  was  made  at  Auckland,  Dec.  9,  1231,  states  that  the  bishop  grants  to 
John  de  Balliol,  subject  to  certain  services  and  payments,  the  vill  of  Lang  Newton  as  his  ancestors 
had  held  it.  Baliol  agrees  to  do  suit  to  the  bishop  of  the  wapentake  of  Sadberge  for  all  lands 
he  has  within  the  wapentake.  Baliol  further  undertakes  to  do  his  best  that  the  king  shall  allow  the 
bishop  to  have  the  homage  of  the  fees  within  the  wapentake.  The  bishop  agrees  that  when  he  has 
received  the  homage  he  will  give  up  to  Baliol  all  the  ancient  charters  of  Newton.  The  document,  which 
is  of  a  very  interesting  character,  is  transcribed  in  vol.  iv.  Hunter  MSS.,  Durham  Cathedral  Library, 
p.  289.  It  is  said  to  be  copied  from  the  original.  'This  deed  is  under  seal  remaining  with  my  lord  of 
Durham  himself,  and  was  taken  out  of  the  iron  chest  by  IVIr.  Archdeacon  Cradock'  (archdeacon 
of  Northumberland,  1604-1619).  It  is  unknown  w-here  it  now  is,  and  probably,  like  many  valuable 
documents  of  the  see  of  Durham,  it  has  been  recklessly,  and  without  any  reasonable  cause, 
destroyed  by  those  who,  it  might  have  been  thought,  would  have  jealously  preserved  the  muniments 
of  their  predecessors.  The  document  is  of  so  much  interest  that  it  seems  desirable  to  print  it  in  full. 
'Convenit  inter  Dominum  Ricardum  Dunelm.  Episcopum  et  Dominum  Johannem  de  Balliol  de  manerio 
de  Lang  Neuton,  videlicet,  quod  dictus  dominus  Episcopus  concessit  praefato  Johanni  et  heredibus  suis 
pro  homagio  et  servicio  suo  totam  villam  de  Lang  Neuton  cum  pertinenciis,  sicut  antecessores  sui 
habuerunt  et  tenuerunt.  Ita  tamen  quod  ipse  et  heredes  sui  faciant  servicium  c|uartae  partis  feodi  unius 
militis  pro  unica  medietate  villae  de  Neuton,  et  pro  alia  medietate  ejusdem  villae  solvent  dictn  domino 
Episcopo  et  successoribus  suis  decem  libras  sterlingorum,  scilicit,  centum  solidos  ad  Pentecosten  et 
centum  solidos  ad  festum  S.   Martini  in  hieme.     Dictus  autem  Johannes  et  heredes  sui  solvent  dicto 

Vol.  VI.  6 


42  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELI,    ST.    PETER. 

the  preciseness  and  stringency  of  its  terms,  it  seemed  well  qualified  to 
accomplish.  It  does  not  appear,  however,  to  have  eflfected  the  purpose 
for  which  it  was  intended.  Whatever  was  the  cause,  whether  Baliol  did 
not  carry  out  his  engagement,  or  for  some  other  reason,  the  dispute 
continued  and  ultimately  resulted  in  violent  proceedings  against  the 
bishop  by  John  de  Baliol,  his  relations  and  men.  On  April  nth, 
1234,  he  was  commanded  to  do  homage  and  service  to  Richard  Poor, 
bishop  of  Durham,  for  5j  knight's  fees  in  the  wapentake  of  Sadberge, 
which  pertained  to  the  custody  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  and  for  which 
castle-ward  was  due  from  the  bishop.  He  was  given  time  to  show,  if  he 
could,  that  he  was  free  by  charter  of  the  king,  or  of  his  predecessors,  and 
meanwhile  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland  was  not  to  distrain.'  He  was 
commanded,  October  25th,  1241,  to  do  homage  for  the  same  fees  to  bishop 
Poor's  successor,  Nicholas  de  Farnham,  so  that  the  bishop  should  be  no 
longer  troubled.'  He  appears  to  have  had  difficulties  with  the  former 
bishop  either  upon  this  or  some  other  account,  for  on  July  14th,  1235,  he 
had  the  king's  pardon  for  twenty  marcs  in  which  he  had  been  fined  for 
transgressions  done  to  the  bishop  against  the  king's  peace. ^  His  obligations 
for  money  payments  do  not  seem  to  have  been  fulfilled,  for  on  April  29th, 
1237,  on  the  complaint  of  the  sheriflF  of  Northumberland  that  John  de  Baliol 
had  not  kept  his  terms,  and  has  little  in  the  county  (a  statement  which  is 

domino  Episcopo  et  successoribus  suis  sine  difficultate  aliqua  wardas  et  scutagia  de  quinque  feodis 
militum  et  unius  quarterii,  quae  dictus  Episcopus  warrantizabit  donee  liabuerit  homagium  de  eisdem 
feodis.  Faciei  autem  dictus  Johannes  et  heredes  sui  et  homines  illorum  dicto  domino  Episcopo  et 
successoribus  suis  sectam  wapentari  {sic)  de  omnibus  terris  quas  habet  infra  wapentagium  de  Sadberg,  sicut 
ahi  patres  (pares?)  sui  faciunt  in  eodem  wapentagio,  et  antecessores  sui  facere  consueverunt.  Praeterea 
dictus  Johannes  juravit  personahter  et  jurari  fecit  per  dominum  Johanneni  fihum  Roberti,  domini  Hennci 
(sic)  de  Balliol,  Walterum  de  Fontanis,  Eustachiurn  de  Balliol,  et  faciet  jurari  per  dominum  Ingelramum 
de  Balliol,  quod  ista  convencio  fideliter  servabitur,  et  istud  idem  fiet  ex  parte  domini  Episcopi  prqmissum 
per  Radulphum  Dunelm.  et  Radulphum  de  Finchall  priores,  et  per  Magistrum  Willelmum  archidiaconum 
Dunelm.  et  per  Johannem  Rumes'  senescallum  domini  Episcopi.  Insuper  juraverunt  dictus  Johannes 
de  Balliol  et  praedicti  e.\  parte  sua  quod  fideliter  laborabunt  et  sine  fraude  et  dolo  per  se  et  amicos  suos 
erga  dominum  Regem  sine  grandibus  expensis  ut  dictus  Episcopus  habeat  homagium  de  Gayneford  et 
de  feodis  supradictis,  quae  sunt  in  wapentagio  de  Sadberg  spectantibus  ad  baroniam  de  Gayneford.  Et 
si  dictus  Rex  praeceperit  ut  faciat  dicto  Episcopo  de  omnibus  praedictis  homagium  sine  difficultate 
faciet.  Et  si  dictus  Rex  quaesiverit  quod  intelligit  de  hoinagio  et  quid  illud  habere  debeat,  respondebit 
secunduin  veritatem  quantum  poterit  inquirere  et  discere  ab  hominibus  patriae  fidedignis,  et  istam 
veritatem  bona  fide  et  sine  dilatione  diligenter  inquiret.  Postquam  autem  dictus  Episcopus  homagium 
dicto  Johanni  de  Balliol  de  praedictis  quinque  feodis  militum  et  uno  quarternio  receperit  et  habuerit, 
omnes  antiquas  cartas  super  villam  de  Neuton  confictas,  quas  inde  habet,  dicto  Johanni  bona  fide  et  sine 
difficultate  restituet.  Datum  apud  Awkland,  A"  D'"  1231,  quinto  Idus  Decembris  (December  9th) 
praesentibus  magistris  archidiacono  Dunelm.  et  Roberto  de  Ambian,  domino  Jordano  Harun,  Hugone 
de  Capella,  Jordano  de  Alden  militibus  et  aliis.' 

'  Rot.  Finiinn  18  Hen.  III.  m.  8.  =  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  25  Hen.  III.  m.  1. 

'Rot.  Lit.  Clans.  19  Hen.  III.  m.  7. 


BARONY    OF   BALIOL.  43 

remarkable,  considering  the  large  estates  he  possessed  in  Northumberland), 
the  sheriff  was  ordered  to  apply  to  the  guardian  of  the  bishopric  of  Durham, 
then  in  the  king's  hands  after  the  death  of  bishop  Poor,  to  distrain  upon 
his  estates  there/  About  this  time,  in  consequence  of  the  death  of  the 
earl  of  Chester  and  Huntingdon,  to  whom  his  wife,  Devorguil,  was  co-heir, 
numerous  entries  occur  in  the  Close  rolls  connected  with  the  inheritance. 
John  de  Baliol  and  his  wife  had  seisin  given  them  of  the  manors  of 
Luddingland  and  Thorkesey,  and  of  the  farm  of  the  vill  of  Jernemue 
(Yarmouth),  until  the  king  assigned  them  a  reasonable  exchange  for 
Devorguil's  share  of  the  earl's  inheritance,"  which  he  had  agreed  to  do 
within  a  year,  by  an  engagement  made  February  6th,  1238.^  On  June 
15th,  1243,  he  had  respite  from  the  king  of  500  Angevin  pounds  of  a 
prest  made  to  Hugh  de  Baliol,  his  father,  in  Poitou,  before  the  loss  of 
Normandy,^  and  on  the  same  day  he  came  before  the  king's  council  and 
asked  that  the  barons  of  the  Exchequer  should  take  into  consideration  if 
he  ought  to  answer  to  the  king  for  part  of  the  debt  owing  from  John, 
the  late  earl  of  Chester.  He  stated  that  he  and  his  wife  had  no  part  of 
the  earl's  heritage  assigned  to  them,  not  even  a  sure  exchange,  having 
nothing  more  than  some  lands  in  lease.^  The  inheritance  of  Devorguil, 
in  her  part  of  the  lands  of  John,  late  earl  of  Chester  and  Huntingdon, 
seems  to  have  been  provided  for  in  1244,  when,  on  May  12th,  writs  were 
issued  to  the  sheriffs  of  Huntingdon,  Northampton,  Bedford,  Leicester, 
and  Lincoln  to  distrain  certain  persons  in  their  several  counties  to  do 
homage  to  John  de  Baliol  for  their  fees,  nineteen  and  three-quarters  in 
number,  assigned  to  him  and  his  wife;^  on  May  22nd  a  similar  writ  was 
issued  to  the  sheriff  of  Cambridge,  for  the  service  of  one  knight's  fee, 
and  to  the  sheriff  of  Leicester  for  the  service  of  nine  fees  and  three- 
quarters.'  In  1 245- 1 246,  a  valuable  property  in  Yorkshire,  belonging  to 
the  heritage  of  Christiana,  wife  of  William,  earl  of  Albemarle,  came  to 
him  through  his  wife.  In  that  year  Robert  de  Creppinges  accounted  for 
£2b  13s.  id.  from  the  manor  of  Driffield,  except  tallage  from  July  22nd 
to  October  i6th,  the   time  which  had  elapsed  before  he  had   handed  over 

'  Memoranda  Q.  R.  21  Hen.  III.  m.  10. 

^  Rot.  hit.  Claus.  22  Hen.  III.  m.  22.      Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  22  Hen.  III.  m.  II. 

■•'  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  22  Hen.  III.  m.  10.  '  Memoyanda  Q.  R.  27  Hen.  III.  m.  15  dorso. 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  27  Hen.  III.  pt.  2,  m.  4.  '  Ibid.  28  Hen.  III.  m.  1 1. 

'  Ibid.  28  Hen.  III.  m.  10. 


44  THE    PARISH    OF   B\'\VEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

the  manor  to  John  de  Baliol.'  The  extent  and  value  of  these  lands  is 
set  out  in  the  inquisition  held  at  Driffield,  November  24th,  1268,  after 
the  death  of  John  de  Baliol.  The  jurors  state  that  the  lands  were  not 
vested  in  Sir  John  de  Balliol,  but  were  of  the  heritage  of  Dervorgilla,  his 
wife,  and  had  been  given  to  Sir  Hugh  de  Baliol,  his  son  and  heir,  before 
the  death  of  his  father  John.- 

In  1244  he  was  appointed  by  the  barons  in  the  parliament  at  London 
one  of  the  twelve  deputed  to  consider  the  king's  proposal  for  a  subsidy  to 
pay  the  debt  for  the  war  in  Gascony,'*  and  in  the  same  vear  he  was  one  of 
the  barons  selected  to  send  to  the  pope  for  his  confirmation  of  the 
charter  of  Alexander  II.,  king  of  Scotland,  engaging  himself  to  his  liege 
lord,  Henry  HI.,  that  he  would  make  no  alliance  with  the  enemies  of  that 
king.''  John  de  Baliol  was  appointed,  with  Robert  de  Ros  of  Wark, 
joint  regent  of  the  kingdom  of  Scotland  in  1251,  on  the  marriage  of 
Alexander  HI.  with  Margery,  daughter  of  Henry  HI.^  He  and  Ros  were, 
however,  deprived  of  the  office  in  1255  on  a  charge  of  treason,  malpractices, 
and  bad  treatment  of  the  child  queen."  On  September  20th,  1255, 
Alexander,  king  of  Scotland,  wrote  to  Henry  HI.,  telling  him  that,  by 
his  own  advice  and  that  of  his  council,  he  had  dismissed  from  his  council 
and  from  their  offices,  on  account  of  their  faulty  behaviour,  a  number  of 
persons,  John  de  Baliol  being  amongst  them.'  Subsequently,  on  account 
of  the  services  his  father  had  rendered  in  arms  and  otherwise  to  King 
John  when  he  was  in  difficulties,  and  for  a  fine  of  ;^500,  part  of  which 
was  remitted,  John  de  Baliol  made  his  peace  with  the  king."  On  September 
13th,  1257,  being  about  to  go  into  Scotland,  he  had  protection  from  King 
Henry,  which  was  to  last  until  the  Whitsunday  following.^  About  this  time  he 
is  stated  to  have  acted  in  a  manner  that  might  scarcely  have  been  expected 

'  Rot.  Pipae,  30  Hen.  III.  m.  9  dorso.  "■  Inq.  p.m.  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43. 

^  Matth.  Paris,  vol.  iv.  p.  362.  '  Ibid.  vol.  iv.  p.  384. 

^  Flores  Hist.  ed.  Luard,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  ii.  p.  378  ;   Rymer's  Foedera,  vol.  i.  pi.  2,  p.  771. 

"  Matth.  Paris,  vol.  v.  pp.  501,  seq.  '  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  39  Hen.  III.  m.  2. 

'  Matth.  Paris,  vol.  v.  p.  507.  Matthew  Paris  gives  1255  as  the  date  of  the  time  when  Baliol 
made  his  peace,  but  from  the  entries  on  the  Patent  Rolls  it  does  not  appear  to  have  taken  place  until 
two  years  later.  On  August  12th,  1257,  the  king  took  John  de  Baylol  into  favour  and  disclaimed  all 
anger  against  him,  on  account  of  transgressions  and  annoyance  he  had  committed  against  the  king 
of  Scotland  and  his  wife,  Margaret,  Henry's  daughter.  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  41  Hen.  III.  m.  2.  Two  days 
afterwards,  on  August  14th,  the  king  remitted  all  action  against  him  on  the  same  account,  and  Baliol 
was  fined  /^500.  Rot.  Finium,  41  Hen.  III.  m.  3.  He  also  owed  100  marcs  for  an  amercement  made 
by  the  Justices  errant  in  Northumberland  ;  he  had  then  paid  550  marcs,  and  the  remainder  was 
remitted  to  him  in  March,  1258.     Rut.  Finium,  42  Hen.  III.  m.  9.     Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  42  Hen.  III.  m.  11. 

■■'  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  41  Hen.  III.  m.  2. 


BARONY   OF   BALIOL.  45 

of  him,  and  which  seems  inconsistent  with  his  character,  but  as  only  one 
incident  in  the  case  is  recorded  it  would  be  unfair  to  judge  him  adversely 
upon  such  imperfect  evidence.  On  August  13th,  1255,  the  king  wrote  to 
John  de  Baliol  in  consequence  of  a  complaint  made  by  Walter  de  Kirkham, 
bishop  of  Durham,  and  on  the  i8th  of  the  same  month  he  was  ordered  to 
come  to  the  king  and  at  once  deliver  up  the  castle  of  Carlisle.^  Four  days 
afterwards,  on  August  22nd,  he  was  ordered  to  deliver  it  to  Adam  de  ChartreS 
on  behalf  of  Robert  de  Brus,  to  whom  the  king  had  committed  the  castle  of 
Carlisle.^  He  was  charged  with  having  forcibly  taken  and  held  the  church 
of  Long  Newton,'  on  account  of  which  the  bishop  had  excommunicated  his 
men.  Complaint  was  also  made  that  Eustace  and  Joceline  de  Baliol,  John's 
brothers,  with  others,  who  were  concealed  in  a  wood,  had  sent  out  thence 
their  knights  and  squires  who  had  grossly  insulted  the  bishop  and  his  retinue. 
They  were  further  charged  with  assaulting  the  bishop's  attendants  with 
swords  and  other  weapons  and  with  carrying  off  four  of  them  as  prisoners, 
ultimately  confining  them  in  the  castle  at  Barnard.  The  king  ordered  Baliol 
to  release  the  men  or  to  take  the  consequences.  A  writ  in  the  same  terms 
was  issued  against  Eustace  Baliol,  and  the  constable  of  Barnard  Castle  was 
directed  to  set  the  bishop's  men  at  liberty.^  John  Baliol  appears  to  have 
made  satisfaction,  for  in  the  same  year  he  had  an  agreement  with  the  bishop 
of  Durham  and  the  prior  of  Tynemouth,  whose  churches  he  is  charged  with 
having  damaged.  There  is  a  story  in  the  Lancicost  Chronicle  about  a 
baron  of  the  bishopric  of  Durham,  a  person  most  notable  throughout  all 
England,  who  is  stated  to  have  committed  acts  contrary  to  the  honour 
of  his  degree,  and  against  the  reverence  due  to  the  church.  The  bishop, 
Walter  de  Kirkham,  at  first  failed  to  bring  him  to  a  sense  of  his  iniquitous 
conduct,  but  ultimately,  by  his  wise  treatment,  brought  back  his  erring 
son  to  his  bosom.  So  much  was  his  pride  subdued  that  he  submitted  to 
be  publicly  whipped  by  the  hands  of  the  bishop  before  the  door  of  the 
cathedral  church,  at  the  same  time  undertaking  to  assist  in  the  maintenance 
of  scholars  studying  at  Oxford.  The  incidents  of  the  story  all  point  to 
John  Baliol  as  the  person  in  question.  He  was  a  baron  of  the  bishopric, 
a  man  more  than  ordinarily  conspicuous  in  the  affairs  of  the  kingdom,   he 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  39  Hen.  III.  pt.  i.  m.  7  dorso.  -  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  39  Hen.  III.  m.  3. 

^  Long  Newton  was  one  of  the  churches  afterwards  made  over  by  John  Baliol  II.  to  Anthony  Bek, 
bishop  of  Durham.  *  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  39  Hen.  III.  pt.  i.  m.  7  dorso. 


46  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

had  been  charged  bv  the  bishop  with  inflicting  grave  injuries  on  the  church, 
and  he  made  gifts  to  students  at  Oxford,  a  series  of  circumstances  which 
apply  to  no  other  lord  in  the  diocese  of  Durham.*  Matthew  Paris,  who  is 
the  authority  for  the  agreement  with  the  two  ecclesiastics  above  referred  to, 
also  says  that  he  was  reputed  to  be  avaricious,  and  that  King  Henry, 
hearing  of  his  wealth  made  plans  to  entrap  him.'*'  That  he  was  wealthy 
may  be  inferred  from  the  great  extent  of  his  estates,  which  comprised 
those  he  had  inherited  as  well  as  those  he  acquired  bv  marriage.  At  the 
time  of  his  death  he  appears  to  have  been  in  possession  of  a  large  amount 
of  property  in  money,  to  judge  by  the  evidence  of  two  documents  still 
preserved  among  the  muniments  of  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham.' 
They  consist  of  receipts,  from  the  executors  of  John  de  Baliol  to  the 
convent  of  Durham,  for  monev  paid  in  discharge  of  a  debt  due  from  that 
body.  It  seems  strange  to  find  a  feudal  lord  in  those  early  days  acting 
as  a  money  lender,  a  position  at  the  time  usually  occupied  by  the  Jews 
and  the  monastic  bodies,  but  the  deeds  bear  testimony  that  the  great 
ecclesiastical  foundation  of  St.  Cuthbert  was  a  debtor  to  the  lord  of 
Bywell  and  Barnard  Castle. 

Though  Henry  HI.  had  been  a  principal  cause  of  his  misfortunes  in 
Scotland,  Baliol  became  subsequently  a  staunch  adherent  of  the  king, 
doing  him  good  service  during  the  course  of  the  barons'  war  (1258-65). 
The  estimation  in  which  Baliol  was  held  by  the  king  is  shown  by  his 
having  selected  him,  with  the  abbot  of  Burgh  and  Roger  de  Quincey,  earl 
of  Winchester,  to  attend  a  parliament  to  be  held  at  Stirling,  shortly 
after  Easter,  1258,  to  which  Alexander,  king  of  Scotland,  had  asked  Henry 

'  Chronicon  de  Lanercost,  Maitland  Club,  p.  69. 

^  Matth.  Paris,  vol.  v.  p.  528.  Whatsoever  may  have  been  the  truth  in  this  matter  the  chronicler's 
opinion  of  John  de  Baliol  was  a  very  bad  one.  He  says  :  '  Ipse  enim  Johannes  supra  quod  deceret  et 
animae  suae  e.xpediret  avarus,  rapax  et  tenax,  tarn  ecclesiam  de  Thynemue  quam  ecclesiam  Uunelmensem 
diu  ac  multum  injuste  vexaverat  et  enormiter  dampnificaverat.  Necnon  et  alias  ecclesias  ac  viros 
ecclesiasticos  ac  milites,  causis  excogitatis  et  inventis,  sibi  vicinos  laeserat  fatigatos  juxta  illud 

"  Omnis  isque  superbus 
Impatiens  consortis  erit." 
Similiter  autem  et  avarus,  cui  sua  non  sufficiunt  alienis  intriabit. 

^  The  first  {Durham  Treasury,  Misc.  Chart.  No.  3585)  is  a  receipt  from  Sir  Hugo  de  Euer,  miles, 
and  Stephen,  rector  of  the  church  of  Whitevvorth,  executors  of  the  will  of  John  de  Balliol,  and  Peter  de 
Brandon,  attorney  of  the  lady  Deuergoylle  de  Galwethe,  for  ten  marcs  sterling.  December  loth,  1273. 
The  other  (No.  4463)  is  a  receipt  from  '  Domina  Deuergoylle  de  Galwithya,  uxor  quondam  domini 
Johannis  de  Balliolo,  Brianus  abbas  de  Dundrayne,  Hugo  de  Euer,  Thomas  Ranulph,  Henricus  Spring, 
Adam  de  Pincornio,  Stephanus  rector  ccclesiae  de  Middeford,'  executors  of  John  de  Balliol,  for  1000 
marcs  sterling  in  part  payment  of  ^1000,  in  which  the  convent  of  Durham  was  bound  to  John  de  Balliol. 
Three  seals  are  still  attached,  all  that  apparently  were  ever  affixed  :  that  of  the  abbot  of  Dundrennan, 
that  of  Sir  Hugh  de  Eure,  and  that  of  Sir  Henry  le  Spring,  who  is  called  on  the  seal  Henry  de  Hectun. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  47 

to  send  some  of  his  prudent  and  discreet  lords,  to  aid  in  redressing 
grievances  affecting  the  king  and  queen  both  of  England  and  Scotland 
and  their  friends.  Provision  was  made,  in  case  war  broke  out  in  Scotland, 
then  in  a  disturbed  state,  that  they  were  to  be  assisted  by  Robert  de  Nevill 
and  others.'  On  May  20,  1259,  he  received  another  important  commission 
from  Henry.  He  was  appointed,  in  conjunction  with  Simon  de  Montfort, 
earl  of  Leicester,  Richard  de  Clare,  earl  of  Gloucester  and  Hertford,  and 
others,  to  treat  with  certain  persons  to  be  chosen  by  Louis,  king  of  France, 
about  some  disputed  questions  of  land,  especially  the  value  of  that  of  the 
Agenois,  and  about  a  sum  of  money  due  to  Henry  from  the  French  king. 
They  had  also  power  to  arrange  the  indemnity  to  be  given  to  Louis 
against  any  action  on  the  part  of  the  countess  of  Leicester,  Henry's  sister, 
which  might  be  brought  by  her  and  her  children  against  the  king  of  France.^ 
During  the  previous  March,  Baliol  had  received  protection  from  the  king 
until  All  Saints  Day,  being  about  to  go  beyond  sea,  possibly  in  connection 
with  his  embassage.^  King  Henry  further  showed  his  goodwill  and  favour 
towards  him  by  giving  him,  September  4th,  1260,  the  wardship  of  the  lands 
of  Walter  de  Wassingle,  lately  dead,  and  the  marriage  of  his  son,  which  was 
granted  in  lieu  of  200  marcs  the  king  had  promised  him*  on  account  of  the 
good  offices  he  had  done  on  behalf  of  the  king  in  France  and  England.* 
John  Baliol  continued  to  receive  favours  from  Henry,  and  on  February  21st, 
1262,  in  fulfilment  of  a  promise  from  the  king,  in  acknowledgment  of  his 
services,  to  provide  a  marriage  for  one  of  his  sons  or  daughters  of  the  value 
of  ;^5oo  or  up  to  ;^iooo,  Henry  gave  him  the  marriage  of  Robert,  the  heir 
of  Thomas  de  Greslay,  lately  deceased,  and  of  the  first  born  son  of  Robert. 
In  case  the  first  born  son  died  before  Baliol  married  him  to  one  of  his 
daughters,  or  should  the  daughter  die  before  she  was  able  by  law  to  obtain 
dower  from  the  said  heritage,  then  Baliol  was  to  have  the  marriage  of  the 
next  heir  of  the  said  first  born  son.''  In  consequence  of  Baliol's  active 
interference  on  behalf  of  the  king,  especially  on  account  of  his  resistance 
to  '  The  Provisions  of  Oxford  '  agreed  upon  at  the  parliament  held  there 
in    June,    1258,   his  lands    had  been    seized    by    the    barons   in    1263.'      On 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Clans.  42  Hen.  III.  m.  10  dorso. 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  43  Hen.  III.  m.  8  ;  Foedera,  vol.  i.  p.  675-687. 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  43  Hen.  III.  m.  12,  '  Ibid.  44  Hen.  III.  pt.  i.  m.  10. 

=  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  44  Hen.  III.  pt.  i.  m.  5.  °  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  46  Hen.  III.  pt.  i  m.  15. 

'  Dug-dale,  Baronage,  vol.  i.  p.  254. 


48  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PKTER. 

September  3rd,  1263,  his  son  Hugh  having  made  oath  that  he  and  his 
father  would  observe  the  ordinances  made  at  Oxford,  the  king,  by  letter, 
directed  the  authorities  in  the  several  counties  where  John  de  Baliol  had 
lands,  to  restore  to  Hugh,  on  the  part  of  his  father,  all  those  which  had 
been  seised."  During  the  time  of  the  barons'  war  he  was  engaged  in  many 
transactions,  military  and  others,  on  the  part  of  Henrv,  and  was  present 
when  the  king  was  victorious  at  Northampton,  but  having  joined  the  king 
at  Oxford,  April  4th,  was  taken  prisoner  at  Lewes,  when  King  Henry  was 
defeated  there.  May  i-ith,  1264.  On  the  same  day,  John  de  Baliol  had 
licence  from  the  king  to  go  to  his  lands  with  his  knights,  attendants, 
horses,  etc.,  and  to  remain  there  until  St.  John  Baptist's  day  next  following. 
This  grant  appears  to  show  that  Henry  did  not  anticipate  defeat  in  the 
battle  then  imminent.'  Baliol  was  shortly  afterwards  set  at  liberty,  and 
became  one  of  the  principal  instruments  in  maintaining  the  king's  authority 
in  the  north  of  England,  and  in  curbing  the  power  of  Simon  de  Montfort. 

He  was  governor  of  Carlisle  castle  in  1255,  and  was  sheriff  of 
Cumberland  for  seven  years,  from  33  Hen.  HI.  to  39  Hen.  HI. 
(i 249-1 255).'  He  was  also  sheriff  of  Nottingham  and  Derby  in  1260, 
1 26 1,  1263,^  and  on  Februarv  12th,  1262,  he  was  appointed  keeper  of  the 
castle  of  Nottingham,  having  50  marcs  yearly  out  of  the  profits  of  the 
king's  mills  of  Nottingham.*  He  had  the  custody  of  the  honour  of 
Peverell  given  him  in  1261."  That  he  occupied  an  important  position 
in  Picardy  and  was  estimated  for  his  personal  qualities  is  shown  by  a 
transaction  in  which  he  played  a  prominent  part  with  good  results.  Two 
lords  in  Ponthieu,  Hugh  de  Vaudricourt  and  Drieson  de  Graussart,  were  at 
war,  to  which  the  comtesse  de  Ponthieu,  Jeanne  de  Castille,  was  anxious 
to  put  a  stop.  By  a  deed  dated  March,  1267,  she  appointed  herself 
and  '  Jehans,  sire  de  Bailleul '  to  arbitrate  in  the  matter.  Their  action  was 
successful,  and  the  difference  between  the  two  parties  was  terminated  by 
a  marriage  being  brought  about  between  the  daughter  of  the  one  and  the 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Clatis.  47  Hen.  III.  pt.  i.  m.  3.  -'  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  48  Hen.  III.  pt.  1.  m.  13. 

^  The  account  was  in  arrear  when  he  ceased  to  be  sheiiff,  for  in  the  compotus  for  the  county  of  the 
40  and  41  Hen.  III.,  the  then  sheriff,  Remigius  de  Pokehnton,  returns  John  de  Baillol  as  owing  £2^  15s. 
of  the  profit  of  the  county  and  ^33  6s.  4id.,  arising  from  small  ferms.  Mcmornnda,  Q.  R.,  41  and  42 
Hen.  III.  m.  17.  The  sheriff  of  Essex  was  ordered  to  cause  Bailiol  and  Robert  de  Brus  to  appear  on  the 
quinzane  of  St.  Martin  to  answer  for  the  debt.  Further  entries  in  connection  with  the  matter  are  made  on 
the  Pipe  Roll  (Essex),  44  Hen.  III.  m.  7,  dorso,  and  Memoranda,  Q.R.  43  and  44  Hen.  III.  m.  8. 

'  Rot.  Pipae  (Notts  and  Derby),  45  Hen.  III.  rot.  11;  46  Hen.  III.  rot.  2  dorso;  48  Hen.  III.  rot.  13. 

5  Lit.  Rot.  Pat.  46  Hen.  III.  m.  16.  "  Ibid.  46  Hen.  III.  m.  20. 


SEALS     OF     BALIOL. 


1.  Bernard  de   Biiliol    II.     Seal  attached  to  a  confirmation  of  his  father  Bernard's   grant 

of    liberties,  etc.,  to  his   burgesses   of    Barnard    Castle.      Preserved   in   the   town 
chest  of  Barnard  Castle. 

2.  Bernard  de  Baliol  II.     Seal  attached  to  a  grant  by  Bernard  de  Baliol  to  St.   Mary's, 

York,  of  the  churches  of  Gainford,  Castle  Barnard,  and   Middleton.      Cottonian 
Charters,  v.  75. 

3  Hugh   de   Baliol,   son   of  Eustace.      Seal   attached   to  a  grant   of  tithes  to  the   Prior 

and   Convent    of   Durham.      Dur.    Trcas.   2''"   2'"'"   Spec.    No.   9.       Described    in 
the  present  volume,  p.  n,  note  6. 

4  Hugh  de  Baliol,  son  of  Eustace.     Attached  to  a  grant  of  land  in  Bromley  to  Gilbert, 

son  of  Alden   de   Hindeleya.      Dur.   Trcas.   Misc.   Chart.   No.   345.     Described  in 
the  present  volume,  p.  144,  note  3. 

5.  John  de  Baliol  (1228- 1 268).     Attached  to  a  grant  of  Whittonstall  to  Guy  de  Araynes. 

Dur.  Trcas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6909a.      Described  in  the  present  volume,  p.   179, 
note  3. 

6.  John  de  Baliol  (1228-1268).     Attached  to  a  grant  of  common  pasture  in  Marwood  to 

the    burgesses    of    Barnard    Castle.      Preserved    in    the    town    chest    of    Barnard 
Castle. 


7  and  8.     Devorguil,  wife   of  John    de    Baliol.     Attached    to    deed   at    Balliol    College, 
0.\ford. 


Ale.xander  de  Baliol,  son  of  John  de  Baliol  and  Devorguil.  Attached  to  a  lease  of 
Whittonstall  granted  to  Roger  de  Araynes.  Dur.  Trcas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6909''=. 
Described  in  the  present  volume,  p.   52,  note  2. 


iiCHARn    PAUIUSSEN,   VifNN 


r 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  ^ 

son  of  the  other.'  He  died  about  October,  1268,  on  the  24th  of  which 
month  the  king,  wishing  to  show  special  favour  to  Devorgilla,  his  widow, 
ordered  the  prior  of  Wymundham,  his  escheator  within  Trent,  to  deliver 
to  her  the  lands  which  John  de  Baliol  held  of  her  inheritance."  On 
November  12th,  the  same  year,  an  inquisition  was  made  at  By  well,  before 
Robert  de  Camera  and  Robert  de  Meyneville,  sub-escheators,  and  a  jury,  of 
the  extent  and  value  of  the  lands  of  Sir  John  de  Baliol.  They  were  set  out" 
very  fully,  with  the  names  of  the  holders  of  property  under  him,  the  nature 
of  the  several  holdings,  and  their  rents.  The  jurors  found  that  Hugh  de 
Baliol,  his  son,  was  his  heir,  and  was  thirty  years  old  and  upwards.'' 

A  charter*  still  extant,  which  he  granted  to  the  burgesses  and  free 
tenants  of  Barnard  Castle,  is  chiefly  concerned  about  an  exchange  of  land 
to  enable  him  to  increase  the  size  of  his  park  near  the  castle.  Among  the 
provisions  is  one  enacting  that  the  burgesses  and  free  tenants  were  not  to 
cut  wood,  either  dry  or  green,  nor  to  dig  in  the  turbary  or  moor  included 
within  the  boundaries  set  out  in  the  deed.  He  also  founded  and  endowed  a 
hospital  at  Barnard  Castle,  dedicated  to  St.  John  the  Baptist. 

The  greatest  of  his  beneficent  acts,  the  outcome  of  a  liberal  and 
enlightened  conception,  was  the  design  he  entertained  to  found  a  college 
at  Oxford.  This  generous  scheme,  which  his  death  left  unfinished,  was 
piously  and  devotedly  completed  by  his  wife,  Devorguil.  A  centre  of 
learning,  in  many  ways  illustrious  through  the  ages,  based  on  the  broad 
foundation  of  a  true  scholastic  education,  which  carries  on  the  tradition 
of  a  culture  neither  narrow  in  its  scope  nor  too  academic  in  its  training, 
which  has  borne  ripe  and  ample  fruit  of  many  sorts,  Balliol  College  a  ell 
justifies  the  foresight  of  its  founder.  For  some  time  before  his  death  he 
had  made  gifts  to  maintain  poor  scholars  at  Oxford.^  This  appears  to 
show  that  the  encouragement  of  learning,  to  be  afterwards  matured  in  a 
permanent  and  systematic  form,  had  been  for  some  years  before  his  death 
an  intention  present  to  his  mind. 

John   de    Baliol,  who  is  described   by  Matthew  Paris,  when  speaking 

'  Bibl.  Nat.  Paris.     Pap.  de  Doiii  Grenier,  vol.  supplem.  298,  piece  36. 

■'  Rot.  Lit.  Clans.  52  Hen.  III.  m.  2. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  53  Hen.  HI.  No.  43  ;  cf.  Cal.  Doc.  Rt-l.  Scot.  Bain,  vol.  i.  p.  498. 

'  The  charter,  to  which  the  seal  is  attached,  is  printed  in  Hutchinson,  History  of  Durham,  vol.  iii. 
p.  236;  Surtees,  Durham,  vol.  iv.  p.  71. 

*  Henry  HI.  June  22nd,  1266,  ordered  the  mayor  and  bailiffs  of  Oxford  to  pay  out  of  the  farm  of 
their  town  twenty  pounds  to  John  de  Baliol,  which  the  king  had  lent  him  for  the  purpose  of  maintaining 
scholars  at  Oxford.     Liberate  Roll,  50  Hen.  III.  m.  6. 

Vol.  VI.  7 


50 


THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 


of  the  good  service  his  father  Hugh  did  to  the  king,  as  a  man  rich  and 
powerful,'  well  kept  up  the  reputation  of  his  forefathers  as  a  brave  and 
skilful  man  of  war,  as  was  proved  by  many  of  the  operations  in  which  he 
was  engaged.  He  was  further  endowed  with  qualities  so  statesmanlike  as 
to  make  him  an  efficient  adherent  to  any  cause  he  adopted,  as  was  fully 
recognised  by  Henry  HI.  But  the  encouragement  he  gave  to  learning 
and  the  large  plan  he  had  conceived  to  carry  into  effect  his  designs  in 
that  direction  are  his  greatest  claims  to  distinction  and  remembrance. 

Himself  and  his  memory  were  devoutly  and  tenderly  cherished  by  his 
wife,  nor  is  there  anything  more  touching,  even  in  the  most  romantic  of 
tales,  than  what  is  told  of  her  devotion  to  a  husband  to  whom  she  had  been 
united  for  more  than  thirty  years.  She  had  his  heart  embalmed  and 
enclosed  in  a  casket  of  ivory,  which  during  her  life  was  always  by  her, 
and  when  she  died,  January  28th,  1290,  it  was  ordered  to  be  laid  on  her 
heart  in  the  grave  at  Sweet  Heart  {Duke  Cor)  in  Galloway,  where  she 
rested  beside  him  in  the  abbey  she  had  founded. " 

'  Maitli.  Paris,  vol.  v.  p.  507. 

-  Wyntoun  in  his  Crony  kit  of  Scotlami  (Historians  of  Scotland,  ed.  David  Laing,  vol.  ii.  p.  321)  has 
related  in  quaint  rhyme,  '  How  Devorguil  that  lady  spendyt  hyr  Tresoure  devotly.' 


Now  to  rehers  it  is  my  will 

.Sum  wertws  dedis  otT  Deruorgill 

That  lady  wes,  as  I  herd  say, 

Alanys  [douchtyr]  off  Gallway. 

Jhon  eldare  BallyoU  in  his  lyffe 

That  lady  weddyt  till  his  wyff, 

And  on  hyr  syne  efftyr  that 

Jhon  the  BallyoU  the  Kyng  he  gat. 

Quhen  the  BallyoU  [at]  wes  hyr  Lord 

Spowsyd,  as  yhe  here  record, 

Hys  sawle  send  till  his  Creature 

Or  he  wes  layd  in  sepulture, 

.Scho  gert  oppyn  his  body  tyte 

And  gert  his  hart  be  tane  owt  qwyte 

Wyth  spycery  welle  savorand. 

And  ofi  kynd  welle  fievorand. 

That  ilke  hart  than,  as  men  sayd, 

Scho  bawmyd,  and  gert  it  be  layd 

In  till  a  cophyn  off  evore, 

That  scho  gert  be  made  tharefore, 

Annamalyd  and  perfytly  dycht, 

Lokyt,  and  bwndyn  wyth  sylver  brycht. 

And  alway  quhen  scho  yhed  till  mete, 

That  [cophyne  scho  gert  by  hir]  sett; 

And  till  hyr  lord,  as  in  presens. 

Ay  to  that  scho  dyd  reverens. 

And  thare  scho  gert  set  ilka  day, 

[As]  wont  before  hyr  lord  w-es  ay, 

All  the  cow-rssys  coweryd  welle 

In  to  sylver  brycht  weschelle 

Browcht  fra  the  kychyn,  and  thare  set. 


Quhen  scho  mad  hyr  to  rys  fra  met, 
All  thai  courssys  scho  gert  then 
Be  tane  wp,  and  delt  til  pure  men; 
Scho  send  all  thai  courssys  qud. 
As  scho  thame  chesyt,  to  ta  thare  fude. 
This  scho  cessyt  nevyr  to  do, 
Quhill  lyvand  in  this  w-arld  wes  scho. 
Scho  ordanyt  in  hyre  testament. 
And  gave  byddyng  wyth  hale  intent, 
That  "that  hart  thai  suld  than  ta. 
And  lay  it  betwene  hyr  pappys  twa, 
As  detyt  thai  war  than  wyth  honoure 
To  lay'hyr  wyth  that  on  sepultoure. 

Scho  fowndyt  in  to  Gallway 
Off  Cystews  ordyre  ane  Abbay  ; 
Diilct-  Cor  scho  gert  thaim  all. 
That  is  Swet  Hart  that  Abbay  call  ; 
And  now  the  men  off  Gallway 
Callys  that  sted  the  New  .\bbay 
Howssys  off  Freris  scho  fwndyt  tway  : 
Wygtowne  and  Dunde  [war]  thai, 
In  ekyng  als  off  Goddis  serwyce 
Scho  fowndyt  in  Ghsgw  twa  chapellanyis. 
And  in  the  Unyversyte 
Off  Oxynfurde  scho  gert  be 
A  Collage  fowndyt.     This  lady 
Dyd  all  thir  dedis  devotly. 
A  bettyr  lady  than  scho  was  nane 
In  all  the  yle  off  Mare  Bretane. 
Scho  wes  rycht  plesand  off  bewte 
Here  wes  gret  teknys  off  bownte. 


BARONV   OF   BALIOL.  5 1 

There  must  have  been  something  more  than  ordinary  in  the  nature  and 
conduct  of  John  Baliol  to  have  begotten  such  loving  tenderness,  in  times 
when  the  accompaniments  of  life,  unsettled,  changing,  fierce,  and  cruel  as 
they  were,  tended  to  make  the  heart  hard  and  the  feelings  blunt.  Nor  w^as 
it  merely  a  sentiment  of  aifection  w^hich  was  so  conspicuous  in  Devorguil; 
there  was  in  addition  the  steadfast  love  which  guided  her  to  complete  a 
much  desired  scheme  of  the  husband  to  whom  she  was  so  heartfully" 
endeared. 

His  eldest  son  Hugh  succeeded  to  the  large  estates  of  his  family  but 
was  not  long  in  possession,  having  died  before  April  loth,  1271.^  In  the 
same  year  an  inquisition  of  the  Northumberland  lands  of  his  widow  was 
taken  ;-  an  inquisition  of  his  Bywell  lordship  being  made  October  20th, 
1272/  He  married  into  a  great  house,  his  wife  being  Agnes, ^  daughter 
of  William  de  Valentia,  earl  of  Pembroke,  wddow  of  Maurice  Fitzgerald;'' 
she  married  for  the  third  time  John  de  Avesnes,  lord  of  Beaumont,  and 
died  in    1309. 

On  May  4th,  1269,  Henry  HI.  granted  licence  to  Hugh  Baliol,  on 
account  of  service  done  to  him  and  his  son  Edward,  that  he  might  discharge 
the  sum  due  for  his  relief  by  yearly  payments  of  /,20.''  On  the  same  day 
the  king  notified  to  his  escheator  beyond  Trent,  that  he  had  remitted  to 
Hugh  de  Baliol  60  marcs  out  of  the  120  marcs,  which  the  escheator  had 
received  of  the  issues  of  the  lands  of  John  de  Baliol,  his  father,  before  Hugh 
made  homage,  and  before  the  lands  were  delivered  to  him.  He  was  ordered 
to  give  Hugh  the  money  and  to  pay  the  remaining  60  marcs  into  the 
king's  w^ardrobe.' 

Hugh  de  Baliol  onlv  lived  about  thirty  years,  dying  in  1271.  Nothing 
has  been  recorded  of  him  except  his  being  present  with  his  father  at  the 
battle  of  Lewes,  and  a  story,  evidently  a  mere  invention,  that  he  neglected 
to  pay  a  sum  of  money  he  owed  his  father's  executors  for  the  price  of 
two  horses.^ 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  55  Hen.  III.  m.  5.  -  Inq.  p.m.  55  Hen.  HI.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  36. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  56  Hen.  III.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  38b. 

*  She  had  for  dower  the  vills  of  Gainford,  Piercebridge,  and  Headlam.  Reg.  Pal.  Dunelm.  Rolls 
Series,  vol.  ii.  p.  798.  Agnes  de  Valentia,  by  an  inquisition  taken,  under  the  statute  de  quo  warrunto, 
at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  in  1293,  was  found  to  have  right  of  gallows  and  other  privileges  at  Gainford. 
Plac.  de  quo  warranto,  Record  Series,  p.  604  b. 

^  Dugdale's  Baronage,  p.  776.     Ex  coil.  Robert  Glover,  5.  (Somerset  Herald). 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  53  Hen.  III.  in.  8.  '  Ibid.  53  Hen.  III.  m.  7. 

**  Ballio-Fergus,  p.  24,  by  Henry  Savage,  D.D.,  Master  of  Balliol  College,  O.xford,  1668. 


52  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

Alan,  the  next  brother,  had  died  before  Hugh,'  and  the  succession 
therefore  passed  to  his  ne.xt  surviving  brother  Alexander,  who  confirmed 
the  grants  of  his  predecessors  to  the  burgesses  of  Barnard  Castle,  by  a 
charter  which  still  remains  among  the  muniments  of  that  town."  By 
an  agreement  made  by  his  father  with  St.  Marv's  abbey,  to  which  the  church 
of  Middleton  belonged  by  grant  of  his  ancestor,  on  the  i6  kal.  Feb. 
(January  17th),  1274,  Alexander  de  Baliol  presented  William  de  Pothou 
to  the  rectory,  as  it  is  called,  of  Midelton  in  Tesdall,  vacant  by  the 
death  of  Reginald  de  Sesselio.'  He  married  Eleanor  de  Genouere,  a  lady 
in  some  way  connected  with  Eleanor,  queen  of  Henry  HI.,  who  gave 
them  a  grant  in  frank  marriage  of  the  manors  of  Mitford  and  Felton  in 
Northumberland,  with  remainder  to  the  crown  in  case  of  Eleanor's  death 
without  issue."  He  died  in  1278,^  when  Thomas  de  Normanville,  the  king's 
senescal,  was  ordered  to  take  possession  of  his  lands, '^  the  custody  of  which 
was  shortly  after  granted  to  Robert  de  Eure.'^  His  widow"  married  Robert 
de  Stuteville,  and  was  living,  again  a  widow,  in  1306. 

John  de  Baliol,  the  youngest  son,  who  succeeded  his  brother 
Alexander,'  was  born  in  1249,  '^"'^  ^^''^^  twenty-eight  years  of  age  when  he 
came  into  possession  of  the  great  Baliol  inheritance.  In  addition  to  the  two 
baronies  of  BywelP"  and  Gainford,  he  inherited  large  estates  in  Hertford- 

'  Rymers  Focdera,  vol.  i.  p.  579. 

-■  Hutchinson,  History  of  Durham,  vol.  iii.  p.  239  ;  Surtees,  vol.  iv.  p.  72.  The  only  seal  of 
Ale.xander  de  Baliol  which  appears  to  have  been  preserved  is  a  small  one  attached  to  a  lease,  executed 
in  1272,  granting  the  manor  of  Wyttonstal  and  other  estates  to  Roger  de  Areyns.     Durham  Treasury, 

Misc.   Chart.    No.  6909.*      It  is  round,   I   inch  diameter.      On    a   shield    an    orle     >J<    SIG 

NDKI      .      .      .      .      DE  H.WLL      .... 

'  Reg.  S.  Mariae,  Ebor.  fol.  314  v.  The  presentation  was  made  in  accordance  with  an  agreement 
before  the  bishop  of  Durham's  justices  at  Sadberge,  between  William,  abbot  of  St.  Mary's  (1239-1244), 
and  Alexander's  father,  John.  After  the  death  of  Pothou,  John  de  Baliol,  king  of  Scotland,  January 
20th,  1294,  presented  John  fitz  Henry,  and  again  Edward,  king  of  Scotland,  March  25th,  1333,  presented 
his  clerk,  Walter  de  Langcestria.  It  was  then  vacant  by  the  death  of  John  fitz  Henry  on  December 
22nd,  1332.     Ibid.  fol.  315. 

'  Plac.  de  quo  warr.  21  Edw.  I.  Record  Series,  p.  5S7. 

'  Iiiq.  p.m.  6  Edw.  I.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  62b.  "  Abbrev.  Rot.  Orig.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  32. 

'  Ibid.  p.  33.  ^  She  had  for  dower  the  vill  of  Gainford.     Reg.  Pal.  Dunelm,  vol.  iii.  p.  56. 

'  Rot.  Fill.  7  Edw.  I.  m.  14,  m.  21,  ni.  22. 

'°  The  Testa  de  Nei'ill  contains  a  full  account  of  the  Northumberland  possessions  \vhich  passed  to 
John  de  Baliol  on  the  death  of  Alexander.  They  were  :  Newbyging,  Wodhorne  with  Lynmuwe  and 
Hirst,  Haliwell,  Lynton,  Ellynglon  and  Cressewell,  Heyden  with  its  members,  Bechefeld,  Nigram 
Heddon,  Staunfordham,  a  moiety  of  Dalton  with  its  members,  Rihill,  Gunwarton  with  Swinborne, 
Newton  del  West,  Newton  del  Est,  .-^cum,  Slelling,  Ovington,  Eltrincham,  Mickeley,  Quictunstal, 
Falderley,  Brcmley,  and  a  moiety  of  Bywell  with  Stokesfeld.  Testa  de  Nevill,  p.  3S5.  A  seal  of  John  de 
Baliol,  unfortunately  imperfect,  is  preserved  in  the  Durham  Treasury,  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6909  ■■'. 
It  is  attached  to  a  grant  of  the  vill  of  Quyctunistalle  cum  no\a  villa  to  Guydo  de  Areynes.  Round, 
l|  inches  in  diameter.  Equestrian,  knight  galloping  to  right,  holding  sword  in  right  hand,  and  shield, 
the  inside  of  which  is  shown,  on  left  arm i  ll  .  .  .  .  nnis  :  de  .  .  .  . 


BARONY    OF   BALIOL.  53 

shire,  Northampton,  and  other  counties  in  the  south  of  England,  many 
fees  in  Scotland,  and  the  original  lands  of  the  family  in  France,  viz., 
Bailleul,  Dompierre,  Harcourt,  and  Verney.  These  were  to  be  largely 
increased  on  the  death  of  his  mother,  which  took  place  at  Kenipston,  in 
Bedfordshire,  on  the  Sunday  after  January  28th,  1290,'  by  the  addition 
of  tne  lordship  of  Gallowav  and  of  many  valuable  fees  in  Scotland 
and  England."  The  doubtful  advantage  of  the  presumptive  heirship  to 
the  throne  of  Scotland  was  included  among  what  he  inherited  from 
Devorguil.  He  was  also  heir  to  Christiana,  his  aunt,  the  widow  of  William 
de   Fortibus. 

The  first  incident  in  his  life  which  has  been  recorded  is  an  interesting 
one.  The  account  relates  that  he  received  his  education  in  the  schools  of 
Durham,  a  training  probably  due  to  his  father's  love  and  encouragement  of 
learning.  The  fact  comes  out  incidentally  in  a  story  told  by  Robert  de 
Graystanes,  historian  of  the  church  of  Durham,'  in  connection  with  a 
dispute  between  Richard  de  Hoton,  prior  of  Durham,  and  Ranulph  de  Nevill, 
lord  of  Raby.  This  occurred  about  a  buck  which  was  due  yearly  from  the 
latter  to  the  monastery  of  Durham,  as  part  of  the  service  he  was  bound  to 
render  for  the  tenure  of  the  lordship  of  Raby.      To  recount  the  tale  briefly  : 

At  the  feast  of  St.  Cuthbert  in  September,  1290,  when  the  stag  was 
accustomed  to  be  offered  at  the  shrine  of  the  saint,  the  lord  of  Raby 
demanded  that  he  should  dine  with  the  prior,  to  be  served  by  his  own  men, 
and  the  stag  to  be  cooked  bv  his  own  people  in  the  convent  kitchen.  To 
this  the  prior  demurred,  as  being  contrary  to  custom.  Then  the  quarrel 
waxed  hot,  and  from  words  the  disputants  came  to  blows.  The  stag 
lying  before  the  shrine,  where  it  had  been  offered,  an  attempt  was  made 
by  Ranulph's  servants  to  take  it  to   the  kitchen.      The  monks  resisted,  the 

'  Inij.  p.m.  18  Edw.  I.  Record  .Series,  vol.  i.  p.  102.  March  12,  1290,  Edward  I.  having  received  the 
homage  of  John  de  Balhol,  son  and  heir  of  Uervorgulla  de  Balhol,  ordered  the  escheator  within  Trent  to 
give  him  seisin.     Rot.  Lit.  Cuius.  18  Edw.  I.  m.  14. 

-  The  extent  and  value  of  his  inheritance  in  Scotland  may  be  estimated  from  the  sum 
^3,289  14s.  lid.  at  which  he  was  assessed  in  1293  for  his  relief  of  his  late  mother's  lands  there.  Rot.  Lit. 
Pat.  21  Edw.  I.  Rolls  Series  (1292-1301)  p.  12.;  Rot.  Fin.  21  Edw.  1.  m.  17.  In  England  in  addition  to 
By  well  and  Barnard  Castle,  he  had  Hitchin,  Driffield,  Kenipston,  and  Fotheringhay,  of  which  some 
were  ancient  Baliul  possessions,  while  others  belonged  to  hini  as  heir  to  his  mother.  Fotheringhay  had 
descended  to  her  from  the  Countess  Judith,  wife  of  Earl  VValtheof,  to  whom  her  uncle  Wihiam  the 
Conqueror  had  given  it.  The  Countess  Judith  appears  as  holding  Fodringeia  in  Duiiiesdciy  Book, 
Record  Edition,  vol.  i.  p.  22B.  In  an  inquest  held  7  Edw.  I.  (1278-9)  the  jurors  say  that,  'Johannes  de 
Ball  tenet  baroniam  de  Biwell  de  domino  rege  in  capite  per  servitium  ix  feodorum  et  dimidii  militarium 
et  per  quartam  partem  unius  militis.'     Assize  Rolls,  Northumberland,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  88,  p.  355. 

^  Hist.  Dunclin.  Script.  Trcs.  ;  Surt.  .Soc.  9,  74. 


54  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEM.    ST.    PETER. 

men  of  Raby  laying  violent  hands  upon  them.  The  monks  then  took  up 
arms,  the  large  wax  candles  they  were  carrying  were  used  on  the  heads  of 
the  men  at  arms,  the  cowl  prevailed  in  the  end,  the  stag  remained  with  the 
monks,  and  Ranulph  with  his  followers  was  driven  out.  Now  comes  in 
what  relates  to  John  de  Baliol.  Lord  Nevill  invited  many  of  those  present 
to  go  with  him,  but  when  Baliol  was  asked  he  refused,  saying  he  had  for  a 
long  time  attended  the  schools  of  Durham  and  had  never  heard  of  such  a 
claim  as  that  preferred  by  the  lord  of  Raby. 

He  does  not  appear  to  have  taken  any  active  part  in  public  affairs  until 
after  the  death  of  his  mother,  when  he  was  forty  years  of  age.'  In  the 
same  year,  1290,  Margaret  the  Maid  of  Norway,  queen  of  Scotland,  having 
died  on  September  27th,  the  throne  became  vacant.  Before  the  death  of  the 
Princess  Margaret  was  known,  it  being  then  only  rumoured,  on  October  7th, 
1290,  William  Fraser,  bishop  of  St.  Andrews,  one  of  the  regents  of  the 
kingdom,  another  being  Sir  John  Cumyn  of  Badenoch,  had  written  to  King 
Edward.  In  the  letter  he  informed  him  how  the  country  was  troubled 
and  the  people  in  despair  at  her  reported  death,  that  everything  was  in 
a  disturbed  and  dangerous  condition,  and  even  civil  war  was  apprehended. 
He  added  that  if  John  de  Baliol  came  to  him  it  would  be  well  that  Edward 
should  treat  with  him,  so  that  in  any  case  his  honour  and  advantage  might 
be  preserved.  He  added  that,  if  it  pleased  the  king,  it  was  desirable  that 
he  himself  should  come  near  to  the  Marches,  for  the  comfort  of  the  people 
and  to  prevent  bloodshed.'' 

The  regents  appear  to  have  been  favourable  to  Baliol,  but  a  large  party 
desired  to  place  Robert  Bruce  on  the  throne.  In  that  interest  an  appeal 
against  the  regents  to  King  Edward  was  made  by  the  seven  earls  of 
Scotland  (an  ancient  but  somewhat  dormant  constitutional  body)  and  the 
coDununitas  of  the  kingdom,  in  which  they  claimed  the  privilege  of 
constituting  a  king  and  placing  him  on  the  throne.^  Thirteen  pretenders 
put  forward  their  claims,  but  in  the  end  there  were  only  three  who  carried 
their  candidature  to  an  issue,  John  de  Baliol,  Robert  de  Brus,  earl  of 
Annandale,  and  John  de  Hastings.     John  de  Baliol  had  before  then  styled 

'  The  inquest  of  his  mother's  Yorkshire  lands,  held  at  Driffield,  gives  his  age  as  thirty-five  years,  that 
of  her  Northamptonshire  estates,  held  at  Fotheringhay,  and  that  of  the  extent  of  her  vill  of  Kempston, 
held  at  Bedford,  make  him  forty  years  old.     Inq.  p.m.  i8  Edw.  I.  Record  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  102. 

''  Rymer's  Focdera,  ed.  1705,  vol.  ii.  p.  1090;  National  Manuscripts  of  Scotland,  vol.  i.  No.  Ix.x. ;  Royal 
Letters,  No.  1302. 

'  Palgrave,  Documents  illustrating  the  History  of  Scotland,  pp.  14-.21. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  55 

himself  ^  heres  regni  ScotiaeP  in  a  deed  dated  November  15th,  i2go, 
binding  himbelf  to  pay  to  Antony  Bek,  bishop  of  Durham,  the  sum  of  500 
marcs  in  case  King  Edward  did  not  sanction  Baliol's  transfer  to  the 
bishop  of  the  manors  in  Cumberland,  and  the  manor  of  Werk  in  Tyndale, 
once  held  by  Alexander  III.  of  Scotland.  He  claimed  as  heir  to  his  mother, 
the  daughter  of  Margaret,  eldest  daughter  of  David,  earl  of  Huntingdon, 
grandson  of  David  L,  king  of  Scotland.  Robert  de  Brus  claimed  as  heir 
to  his  mother  Isabel,  second  daughter  of  the  same  David,  and  John  de 
Hastings  as  heir  to  his  grandmother  Ada,  third  daughter  of  David.  The 
legal  right  of  Hastings,  as  grandson  of  the  junior  daughter,  may  be  set 
aside  as  being  without  force,  and  was  finally  disallowed.  That  of  Bruce 
also,  as  son  of  the  second  daughter,  cannot  be  held  to  have  been  a  valid 
one.  But  at  this  time  the  legal  status  with  regard  to  royal  descent  had  not 
been  settled,  and  hence  the  succession  came  into  dispute.  A  difficulty 
arose  with  regard  to  the  authority  bv  which  the  claims  of  the  various 
parties  were  to  be  examined  into  and  determined,  and  the  person  in  whom 
the  power  should  be  vested  of  declaring  to  whom  the  succession  to  the 
crown  had  descended.  It  has  been  a  common  belief  that  it  was  determined 
by  a  party  in  Scotland  to  advocate  the  choosing  an  arbitrator  to  adjudicate 
upon  the  claims  of  the  various  pretenders  to  the  Crown,  and  that  the 
bishop  of  St.  Andrews,  the  abbot  of  Jedburgh,  and  Geoffrey  de  Mowbray 
were  sent  to  Edward  to  ask  him  to  act  in  that  capacity.  There  is  no  evidence 
to  support  this  view,  which,  however,  considering  the  state  of  the  country 
and  the  scheming  of  the  various  interests  in  the  succession,  is  by  no  means 
an  improbable  one.  Anyhow,  Edward  took  steps  to  strengthen  his  position, 
and  to  ensure  for  himself,  as  far  as  possible,  the  power  to  place  on  the  throne 
a  person  suitable  for  his  purpose.  There  were  many  interests  and  passions 
then  at  work  in  Scotland  which  tended  to  further  Edward's  plans  for 
obtaining  the  control  of  the  kingdom,  if  not  its  entire  subjection  to  his  rule  as 
a  part  of  the  dominions  of  the  English  Crown.  A  large  and  fertile  province 
to  the  south  of  the  Firth  of  Forth  was  English  in  its  population,  differing  in 
racial  character  from  the  rest  of  Scotland,  and  one  in  language,  habits,  and 
temperament  with  the  southern  part  of  the  ancient  Anglian  kingdom  of 
Northumbria.  A  considerable  number  of  the  great  feudal  lords  were  the 
descendants    of    the    Normans    and    others    whom    David     I.     had    settled 

'  Campbell  Charters,  British  Museum,  .\xx.  No.  9. 


56  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWETJ.    ST.    PETER. 

in  his  country,  and  many  of  them  had  themselves  possessions  south  of 
the  border,  or  were  closely  tied  by  relationship  to  English  nobles. 
Internal  jealousies  and  selfish  interests  among  the  great  landowners 
had  undermined  loyaltv  tc  their  country,  an  element  of  discord  which 
was  still  further  aggravated  by  the  claims  to  the  Crown  put  forward  by 
the  competitors. 

On  April  i6th,  1291,  Edward  issued  a  writ  to  the  sheriffs  of  Yorkshire, 
Lancashire,  Westmorland,  Cumberland,  and  Northumberland,  to  see  that 
those  persons  bound  to  serve,  whose  names  were  given,  among  them  being 
those  of  John  de  Baliol,  Alexander  de  Baliol,  and  Robert  de  Brus,  should 
have  notice  to  be  at  Norham  on  June  3rd,  with  horses,  arms  and  a  full 
equipment,  to  meet  the  king  there.'  He  had  required  the  bishops  and 
other  clergv,  the  earls,  magnates,  and  commons  of  Scotland  to  meet  him 
at  the  same  place  in  quindena  Paschae,  Easter-day  that  year  falling  on 
April  22nd.'  The  meeting  did  not,  however,  take  place  until  May  loth, 
when  Edward  declared  that,  as  superior  and  supreme  lord  of  the  kingdom 
of  Scotland,  he  would  do  justice  to  all,  so  that,  discords  and  dissensions 
being  subdued,  firm  peace  and  tranquillity  might  be  restored.  To  this 
claim  of  superiority  he  required  their  assent  and  recognition.  In  answer 
to  their  request  that  they  might  have  time  to  consult  the  absent 
prelates,  nobles,  and  commons,  and  to  confer  together,  the  king,  telling 
them  that  they  had  been  already  sufficiently  informed,  gave  them  until  the 
next  day.  The  meeting  was  again  deferred  for  three  weeks,  when  they  were 
to  give  a  precise  and  peremptory  reply  to  his  requisition,  and  to  produce 
any  documents,  if  they  had  them,  to  prove  his  claim  to  the  paramountcy 
to  be  baseless.  In  the  meantime,  on  May  31st,  Edward  issued  a  letter 
to  the  effect  that  the  meeting  at  Norham  on  English  ground  should  not 
act  to  the  prejudice  of  Scotland,  or  be  taken  as  a  precedent.'  On  June 
2nd,  a  meeting  was  held  in  a  green  field  in  the  open  air  {in  area  viridi 
sub  divo\  at  Upsetlington,  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Tweed,  immediately 
opposite    Norham,    within    the    kingdom   of  Scotland.      In  addition   to  the 

'  Roi.  Lit.  Clans.  19  Edw.  I.  m.  7  dorso.     Rymer's  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  525. 

■'  A  full  account  of  all  the  proceedings  in  the  case  of  the  competitors,  with  the  evidence  and  arguments 
adduced  in  favour  of  their  claims,  at  the  meetings  held  at  Norham,  Upsetlington,  and  Berwick,  together 
with  the  names  of  those  present  at  the  sittings,  will  be  found  in  Rymer's  Foedera,  ed.  1705,  vol.  ii.  p.  542 
et  seq.     It  is  contained  in  a  public  instrument  drawn  up  by  Master  John  de  Cadamo,  notary. 

'  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  528. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  57 

bishops,  prelates,  earls,  barons,  magnates,  nobles,  and  commons  of  Scotland, 
nine  of  the  competitors  were  present,  in  person  or  by  proxy,  John  Baliol, 
through  Sir  Thomas  Randulf,  his  knight,  excusing  himself  on  the  pretext 
that  he  had  mistaken  the  day.  After  Robert  Burnel,  bishop  of  Bath  and 
Wells,  chancellor  of  England,  had  protested  Edward's  supremacy,  he 
declared,  in  the  king's  name,  that  in  virtue  of  that  power  the  king  would 
judge  in  whom  the  succession  to  the  Crown  of  Scotland  was  vested.  The 
claimants  were  then  called  upon  to  answer  if  they  admitted  the  supremacy 
of  Edward  and  would  abide  by  his  decision.  It  was  put  first  to  Robert 
Brus,  who  gave  his  assent  without  reserve,  and  then  to  the  others,  who 
answered  in  the  same  way,  John  Baliol  giving  the  same  pledge  the  day 
following,  June  3rd.'  On  June  4th  it  was  agreed  that,  up  to  the  time  of 
the  decision  and  for  the  two  months  following,  Edward  should  be  seised  of 
the  kingdom  and  castles  of  Scotland.  After  other  meetings  had  been  held, 
on  June  12th,  1291,'^  the  regents  of  Scotland,  the  competitors  and  others, 
prelates,  nobles,  and  the  commiinitas  of  the  kingdom,  assembled  in  the  same 
grass  field  at  Upsetlington,  and  after  the  seal  of  the  regency  had  been  handed 
to  Alan,  bishop  of  Caithness,  then  constituted  by  Edward  chancellor  of 
Scotland,  they  crossed  over  to  Norham  castle  to  learn  Edward's  will.  The 
king  ordained  that  on  the  next  day,  at  the  place  beyond  the  river  within  the 
kingdom  of  Scotland,  where  they  had  first  met,  the  regents  of  the  kingdom, 
the  competitors,  and  all  the  bishops,  prelates,  earls,  barons,  magnates,  nobles, 
and  the  communities  of  cities,  castles,  boroughs,  and  towns,  should  again 
assemble  and  then  swear  fealty  to  him  as  over  and  supreme  lord  of  the 
kingdom  of  Scotland  {^nt  snperinri  et  directo  domino  rcgni  Scottae),  and 
that  he  would  after  that  have  his  peace  publicly  proclaimed.  The  next 
day,  June  1 3th,  after  this  had  been  done,  Edward  handed  over  the  custody 
of  the  kingdom  to  the  old  regents,  William  Eraser,  bishop  of  St.  Andrews, 
Sir  John  Comyn  of  Badenoch,  Robert,  bishop  of  Glasgow,  and  James, 
senescall  of  Scotland,  adding  a  fifth,  an  Englishman,  Brian  Fitzalan.'  At 
the  same  time,  after  the  king's  peace  as  superior  lord  of  the  kingdom  of 
Scotland  had  been  proclaimed,  the  next  meeting  was  fixed  to  be  held  on 
August  2nd  at  Berwick,  when  the  claims  of  the  competitors  would  be 
examined.  The  deliberations  of  the  assembly  of  the  Scottish  lords  and 
commons    were    to    be   assisted   by   twenty-four    Englishmen    appointed    by 

'  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  pp.  545-549.  '  Ibid.  p.  557.  ^  Ibid.  p.  558. 

Vol.  VI.  8 


58  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEM,    ST.    PETER. 

Edward,  forty  chosen  bv  Bruce  and  forty  by  Baliol,  a  body  which  had 
previously,  on  June  5th,  been  constituted  a  court  of  advice.'  After  more 
than  one  adjournment,  the  court,  after  the  case  had  been  very  fully 
argued  on  the  part  of  the  claimants,  decided  in  favour  of  Baliol,  and  on 
November  17th,  1292,  the  English  king,  in  the  hall  of  the  castle  of 
Berwick-upon-Tweed,  confirmed  the  decision,  and  gave  authoritative 
judgment  in  full  parliament,  in  the  presence  of  the  commissioners  and 
other  great  civil  and  ecclesiastical  personages  of  England  and  Scotland.^ 
On  the  igth,  the  regents  gave  seisin  to  John  de  Baliol  of  the  kingdom 
of  Scotland,  and  the  seal  they  had  previously  used  was  broken.^  The 
next  day  Baliol  swore  allegiance  to  Edward  in  the  castle  at  Norham,^ 
and  was  crowned  at  Scone  on  November  30th,  St.  Andrew's  day,''  doing 
homage  on  December  26th  to  Edward  at  Newcastle.* 

It   has  been   believed  that  Edward's  decision   in  favour  of  Baliol  was 
influenced   by  Antony  Bek,'    bishop   of  Durham,    and   the    earl   of  Warren 
and    Surrey.       They    were    certainly    both    of    them    in    Scotland    and    in 
communication   with    the   regent,    Bishop   William   Eraser,    when   the  death 
of    the    Princess    Margaret    was    reported    and    then    denied,    and    in    con- 
junction  with    him   they   took    steps  to    ascertain   if  it    was   true.      It    was 
Bishop    Eraser  who  had  written  to  Edward,  October  7th,    isqo,   when  the 
death  of  Margaret  was  uncertain,  telling  him  of  the  disturbed  condition  of 
the  country,  and  how  desirable  it  would  be,  were  she  to  die,  that  Edward 
should  be  in  Scotland.     Both  the  two  English  lords  were  naturally  favour- 
able   to    Baliol ;    the   earl   of  Warren    was   his    father-in-law,    and    Bek,   in 
whose  see  two  of  his  baronies  were  situated,  had  not  long  before  received 
from  Baliol  a  grant  of  Neasham  and   Long  Newton,  valuable  members  of 
the  barony  of  Gainford.      The   court   held  that  Baliol,  as  descended  from 
the  elder  daughter,  though  more  remotely,  had  a  better  right  than  Bruce, 
who,  though  nearer  in  degree  by  one  descent,  was  the  son  of  the  second 
daughter    and    co-heir.      It    can   scarcely  be   doubted    that   the   decision   of 
the  commissioners  was  a  just  one,  and  that  the  grounds  upon  which  they 
based   it    were    correct    in    law,   and    also    in    accordance   with   the   natural 
order  of  regal  descent. 

'  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  558.  -  Il>id.  p.  589.  ^  Ibid.  pp.  590,  591.  *  Ibid.  p.  591. 

»  Rot.  Scociae,  vol.  i.  p.  II  ;  Doc.  ami  Rec.  p.  141. 

'  Chapter  House  Westminster  ;  Scots  Doc.  Bo.x.  3  n.  51  ;  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  593. 

'  Reg.  Pal.  Dunelm.  Rolls  Series,  vol.  ii.  799. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  59 

Among  the  incidents  which  occurred  during  the  course  of  the  investi- 
gation into  the  claims  made  by  the  competitors,  there  is  one  which  may  be 
thought  to  indicate  that  it  was  not  the  intention  of  Edward  at  that  time 
to  lay  a  plan  for  the  absorption  of  Scotland  into  his  kingdom.  John  de 
Hastings,  in  prosecuting  his  claim,  argued  that,  Scotland  being  held  in  chief 
from  the  crown  of  England,  was,  under  the  common  law,  divisible  into  three 
parts,  and  that  he  was  therefore  entitled  to  inherit  one-third  of  the  kingdom, 
Edward  acting  in  accordance  with  the  answer  made  by  the  council  to  his 
question,  whether  the  kingdom  of  Scotland  was  divisible  or  not,  decreed  that 
it  was  not  divisible  but  was  one.  It  would  apparently  have  been  favourable 
to  his  scheme,  supposing  such  to  have  existed,  to  have  had  Scotland  parcelled 
out  into  three  kingdoms,  rather  than  to  be  united  into  one,  and  this  procedure 
of  Edward  may  perhaps  be  considered  as  a  testimony  to  his  good  faith  in 
the  many  professions  of  a  disinterested  policy  which  he  made. 

There  was  one  element  in  the  transactions  which  accompanied  the 
accession  of  John  de  Baliol  which  bore  within  it  the  seeds  of  difficulty  and 
disaster.  The  acknowledgment  of  the  paramountcy  of  the  English  king  by 
the  Scottish  lords  and  the  competitors  might  be  a  needful  admission  for  the 
present  emergency,  but  it  was  one  which,  in  the  future,  was  certain  to  breed 
discord  and  opposition.  To  be  ruled  by  a  king  who  admitted  he  was  the 
vassal,  for  it  amounted  to  that,  of  a  neighbouring  king  must  have  been 
intolerable  to  a  proud  nation  like  that  of  the  Scots,  and  to  the  king  himself, 
though  in  the  interests  of  his  case  he  had  bound  himself  to  it,  almost 
unbearable.  The  seed  thus  unhappily  sown  soon  bore  fruit.  The  history  of 
the  transaction,  and  everything  in  connection  with  it,  shows  that  Edward's 
intention,  however  it  might  be  veiled,  was  to  become  virtually  the  ruler  of 
the  kingdom,  with  probably  the  ulterior  purpose  of  annexing  Scotland  to 
his  dominions ;  at  all  events  he  showed  himself  prepared  to  make  use  of 
anything  that  took  place  which  might  be  so  managed  as  to  further  such 
an  object. 

Very  shortly  after  John  de  Baliol  was  crowned,  a  transaction  occurred 
which  gave  Edward  an  opportunity  of  infringing  the  just  rights  of  an 
independent  state.  A  suit  had  been  undertaken  by  Margery  Moyne,  wife  of 
Walter  de  Thorntone,  against  Master  Roger  Bartholomew,  a  burgess  of 
Berwick.  The  pleas  concerning  the  case  had  been  heard  before  the  regents 
of  Scotland,  on  October   i8th,    1291,   at    Edinburgh,  and    pleadings  in  two 


6o  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

other  suits  against  the  same  person  were  heard  on  October  22nd.  A  decision 
was  given  against  Bartholomew  in  all  the  three  suits.  On  December  22nd, 
1292,  he  appealed  at  Newcastle  to  Edward,  as  superior  lord  of  the  kingdom 
of  Scotland,  against  the  decision  of  the  Scottish  court.  After  some  discussion 
before  the  king's  council  about  the  right  of  appeal,  on  December  3fst 
Edward  declared,  viva  voce  in  French,  that,  notwithstanding  all  his  previous 
promises,  concessions,  ratifications,  letters,  or  instruments,  he  would  hear 
complaints  and  other  matters  coming  from  the  kingdom  of  Scotland,  and  give 
judgment  upon  them.  And,  going  still  further,  he  said  that,  if  necessary, 
he  would  summon  the  king  of  Scotland  himself  to  appear  before  him  in 
his  realm  of  England.'  To  this  John  de  Baliol  assented,  and  by  a  writing 
dated  January  2nd,  1293,  released  Edward  from  all  agreements,  promises, 
and  obligations  made  to  the  guardians  and  good  people  of  Scotland,  making 
special  mention  of  the  agreement  of  Northampton,  August  28th,  1290, 
and  fully  recognizing  his  supremacy  over  the  kingdom  of  Scotland.^  This 
submission  of  Baliol  had  its  reward  on  the  5th  of  the  same  month,  when 
Edward  issued  an  order  to  give  John  de  Baliol,  king  of  Scotland,  seisin  of 
the  kingdom  of  Man,  as  Alexander,  the  last  king  of  Scotland,  whose  heir 
he  was,  had  held  it.^ 

However  galling  the  proceedings  in  the  case  of  Bartholomew  may 
have  been  to  the  king  of  Scotland,  they  were  soon  to  be  followed  by  an 
act  on  the  part  of  Edward  which  must  have  been  beyond  endurance.  On 
March  25th,  1293,  a  citation  was  issued  by  him  in  which  he  calls  himself 
superior  doniinus  regni  Scotiae,  ordering  Baliol  to  attend  before  him  on 
May  25th,  wherever  Edward  might  chance  to  be  in  England,  to  answer  a 
complaint  laid  against  him  by  Macduff,  son  of  Malcolm,  late  earl  of  Fife, 
for  not  having  done  hun  justice.*  On  June  15th  he  was  again  cited 
by  Edward,  on  an  appeal  of  Austrica,  cousin  and  heir  of  the  late  king 
of  Man,  to  appear  before  him  as  the  superior  lord  of  the  kingdom  of  Scotland, 
to  ansuer  her  charge  against  him,  and  to  do  towards  her  what  was  right.' 
Baliol  did  not  appear  in  May  to  answer  in  the  case  of  Macduff,  and  was 
ordered  bv  Edward  to  attend  on  October  14th.  On  this  occasion  he  obeyed 
the  summons  and  made  his  appearance  in  court  before  Edward,  when  he 
displayed  much  manly  courage  and  acted  with  a  spirit  befitting  his  dignity  as 

'  Fot:</«ra,  vol.  ii.  p.  597.  'Ibid.  ■"//</(/.  p.  603.  ' /it'rf.  p.  686.  ' /ifi/ p.  688. 

The  whole  proceedings  in  these  cases  are  given  at  length  in  Ryley,  PUuita  Parkmcntaria,  p.  145  scq. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  6 1 

a  man  and  his  position  as  king.  When  required  to  answer  to  the  complaint 
of  Macduff,  he  replied  that  he  was  king  of  Scotland  and  did  not  dare  to 
answer  to  that  complaint  or  to  any  other  matter  pertaining  to  his  kingdom 
without  the  advice  of  the  good  men  of  his  realm.  When  Edward  told  him 
he  was  his  liege  man  and  had  done  homage  and  fealtv  to  him  for  his 
kingdom,  and  was  then  present  in  obedience  to  his  command,  Baliol 
returned  the  same  answer  as  he  had  made  before  f  he  was  ultimately  judged 
to  be  contumacious,  and  it  was  ordered  that  three  of  the  principal  castles  in 
Scotland,  with  the  towns  in  which  they  were  situated,  and  the  regal 
jurisdiction  in  them,  should  be  seized  into  the  hand  of  Edward  and  be 
retained  until  Baliol  had  given  satisfaction.  Baliol  petitioned  the  king  that 
the  judgment  might  not  be  made  public  until  he  had  had  the  advice  of  his 
people,  to  which  Edward  consented,  agreeing  to  take  no  further  steps  before 
June  14th,  1294.  On  May  3rd,  1293,  Edward  had  ordered  Thomas  de 
Normanvill,  escheator  beyond  Trent,  who  had  taken  an  inquisition  about 
the  lands  and  heirship,  to  give  John  de  Baliol  seisin  of  the  lands  in 
Tyndale  held  lately  by  Alexander,  king  of  Scotland,  of  the  king  in  chief 
by  homage.  It  was  to  be  deferred  until  Baliol  had  done  homage,  which 
he  was  to  do  on  or  before  the  quinzane  of  St.  Michael  next  following." 
On  the  29th  of  October,  the  king,  having  meanwhile  taken  the  homage  of 
Baliol  for  the  land  of  Tyndale,  the  manors  of  Soureby  and  Penreth,  held 
before  by  Alexander,  and  for  his  portion  of  the  honour  of  Huntingdon, 
the  escheator  beyond  Trent  was  ordered  to  give  seisin  of  the  land  in  his 
jurisdiction,  and  the  escheator  within  Trent  of  Baliol's  part  of  the  honour 
of  Huntingdon.'  On  December  3rd,  it  having  been  found  that  the  hamlets 
of  Langwathby,  Salkild,  Karlaton  and  Scotteby  were  appendages  of  the 
manors  of  Soureby  and  Penreth,  the  escheator  was  ordered  to  give  Baliol 
seisin  as  soon  as  he  had  given  surety  for  the  payment  of  his  relief.^ 

Baliol  did  not  remain  long  in  possession  of  these  valuable  estates. 
By  a  charter  dated  at  the  New  Temple,  London,  June  20th,  1294,  he 
granted  to  the  church  of  St.  Cuthbert  and  Anthony  Bek,  bishop  of  Durham, 
fifty  librates  of  land  within  his  liberty  of  Werk  in  Tyndale,  wherever  the 
bishop   or   his   bailiff  might   choose,   excejjt  only   in  the  vill    of  Werk   and 

'  Ryley,  Placita  Pnrleinentaria,  pp.    158,    159. 

^  Rymer's  Focdera,  vol.  ii.  p.  616;  Rot.  Lit.  Clems.  21  Edw.  I.  m.  9. 

'  Rot.  Lit.  Ciuus.  21  Edw.  I.  111.  2.  '  Rot.  Finium,  22  Edw.  I.  m.  22. 


62  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

the  capital  messuage  there.  He  also  gave  him  the  advowson  of  the  church 
Symundeburn,  with  its  chapels.  The  whole  were  to  be  held  in  free  alms. 
The  charter  was  sealed  with  his  privy  seal,  his  great  seal  not  being  at 
hand.'  At  the  same  place,  on  the  same  day,  Baliol  granted  to  Bishop 
Bek  for  life,  the  manors  of  Penreth,  Scotteby,  Karlaton,  Langwathby, 
Salkilde,  and  Soureby,  with  all  the  liberties  Baliol  or  his  ancestors  had 
held  in  the  said  manors  or  elsewhere  in  Cumberland.  The  whole  was  to 
revert  to  Baliol  after  Bek's  death. ■  The  transfer  of  all  the  lands  he  had 
by  inheritance  from  the  kings  of  Scotland  was  completed  bv  a  grant  in  free 
alms,  made  to  Bishop  Bek  and  his  church  of  Durham  at  Stirling,  July 
3rd,  1295,  of  the  manor  of  Werke  in  Tyndale,  with  all  the  lands  held 
there  by  him  and  his  ancestors,  together  with  the  advowson  of  the  churches 
in  Tyndale  belonging  to  John  Baliol  and  his  heirs.' 

It  is  difficult  to  understand  why  Baliol  should  have  made  such  large 
and  important  gifts  to  Bishop  Bek,  though  there  are  two  circumstances 
in  their  relationship  which  may  suggest  an  explanation  of  Baliol's  action. 
Bek  is  said,  as  has  been  already  mentioned,  to  have  exercised  influence 
with  King  Edward  in  favour  of  Baliol  when  he  was  candidate  for  the 
throne  of  Scotland.  It  is  true  that  before  then  Baliol  had  made  over  to 
the  bishop  the  estates  of  Neasham  and  Long  Newton,  but  there  may  have 
been  an  understanding  that  there  was  to  be  a  further  recompense  when 
Baliol  came  into  possession  of  the  lands  his  predecessors,  kings  of  Scotland, 
had  held  in  the  two  northern  counties.  The  gift  may  also  have  been  made 
by  wav  of  compromise  for  the  injuries  which  Bek  alleged  that  he 
sustained  in  respect  of  the  vills  of  Berwick  and  Hadington.^  Some 
light  is  thrown  upon  the  affair  by  a  document  among  the  Papal  Records 
at  Rome.*     On  July  nth,   1297,   Pope  Boniface  VIII.  ratified  a  grant  by 

'  Rot.  Cart.  22  Edw.  I.  m.  i.  Baliol's  grant  is  contained  in  an  inspeximus  of  Edward  I.,  dated 
June  25th,  1294. 

^  Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  22  Edw.  I.  m.  3. 

^  Rot.  Lit.  Pat.  25  Edw.  I.  pt.  i.  m.  i5.  The  grant  is  contained  in  an  inspeximus  of  Baliol's  letters 
patent,  by  Edward  I.,  dated  February  8th,  1297.  On  September  20th,  1296,  King  Edw^ard,  then  at 
Bamburgii,  issued  a  writ  to  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland  and  the  bailiff  of  Tyndale,  ordering  them  to 
deliver  to  Bek  the  manor  of  Werke  in  Tyndale  and  all  other  lands  which  John,  late  king  of  Scotland, 
had  granted  by  charter  to  the  bishop,  and  which,  by  reason  of  the  war  with  Scotland,  were  then  in  the 
king's  hands.     Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  24  Edw.  I.  m.  4. 

'  The  sheriff  of  Northumberland  was  ordered,  April  22nd,  1294,  to  present  to  John  Baliol  in  person 
a  citation  from  King  Edward  to  appear  and  make  answer  to  these  charges.  Rymer's  Foedera,  vol.  ii. 
p.  632. 

'  Cal.  of  Papal  Registers,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.   573. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  63 

John,  king  of  Scotland,  to  Bishop  Bek,  some  of  whose  possessions  had  been 
taken  by  John  Baliol  and  his  ancestors,  of  the  church  of  Simondoborne, 
the  advowson  of  which  the  said  king  of  Scotland  had  given  as  recompense, 
together  with  certain  lands.  There  had  been  a  long  continued  feud 
between  the  Baliols  and  the  bishops  of  Durham  about  the  homage  of 
Gainford  and  other  matters,  a  condition  of  things  not  likely  to  be  modified 
when  the  see  of  Durham  was  in  the  hands  of  a  prelate  with  the  temper 
and  pretensions  of  Antony  Bek. 

At  a  parliament  held  in  London  in  May,  1294,  where  Baliol  was 
present,  it  is  said  he  offered  to  give  the  income  of  his  English  estates  to 
Edward  for  three  years  towards  the  cost  of  the  war  with  France.'  On 
June  29th,  Edward  required  and  asked  by  his  faith  and  homage  that  Baliol 
would  send  him  a  body  of  his  men,  with  horses  and  arms,  properly  equipped 
and  ready  to  pass  over  sea  with  the  king  for  service  in  Gascony."  On  his 
return  to  Scotland  Baliol  soon  came  into  open  conflict  with  Edward,  whose 
demand  for  troops  to  aid  in  the  war  in  France  was  evaded.  Going  still 
further  in  opposition  to  the  English  king,  in  a  parliament  held  at  Scone,  it 
was  ordered  that  all  the  English  who  were  in  attendance  upon  Baliol 
should  be  dismissed,  and  at  the  same  time  all  the  lands  held  by  EngHshmen 
in  Scotland  were  declared  to  be  forfeited. 

The  action  of  Baliol  and  his  parliament  was  met  by  an  order  from 
Edward,  dated  October  i6th,  1295,  to  the  sheriffs  of  all  the  English  counties, 
directing  them  to  take  into  their  hands  the  lands,  goods,  and  chattels,  of 
John  the  king  of  Scotland,  and  those  of  all  other  Scotsmen  who  had  lands 
or  other  possessions  in  their  several  counties.'^  On  the  same  day  Edward 
notified  that  the  king  of  Scotland  by  his  command  had  delivered  to  John, 
bishop  of  Carlisle,  the  castles  and  towns  of  Berwick-on-Tweed,  Roxburgh, 
and  Jedburgh  for  the  securitv  of  the  king  of  England,  and  of  his  kingdom. 
He  undertook  that  this  arrangement  should  only  continue  as  long  as  the  war 
lasted  between  himself  and  the  king  of  France,  and  that  when  it  was  ended 
the  castles  should  be  delivered  up  to  the  king  of  Scotland.^  This  was 
presently  followed,  February  13th,  1296,  by  another  order  that  all  the  goods 
and  chattels,  except   ploughs,  oxen,   and  similar  instruments  of  agriculture, 

'  In  a  grant  of  a  great  part  of  the  lands  lately  belonging  to  John  de  Baliol  and  granted  by  King 
Edward  to  John  of  Brittany,  a  full  account  is  given  of  their  yearly  value,  which  amounted  to  above  ^460. 
Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  1029. 

''  fuedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  642.  '  Rot.  Fin.  23  Edw.  I.  m.  3.  '  Foedeni,  vol.  ii.  p.  692. 


64  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

of  Scotsmen  found  on  their  English  estates  should  be  at  once  sold  and  the 
proceeds  paid  into  tlie  king's  exchequer.'  On  April  27th,  still  another  writ 
was  issued  to  the  same  sheriffs,  ordering  that  no  Scotsman  nor  any  one 
else  in  his  place,  should  remain  upon  the  lands  of  Scotsmen  in  England.^ 
As  a  result  of  this  writ  a  minute  and  valuable  return  was  made  of  these 
lands.  A  later  account  made  in  1 300-1 301,  adds  the  value  of  such  estates 
held  in  Northumberland.' 

The  next  year  Baliol  proceeded  still  further  in  his  resistance  to  England, 
making  an  alliance  with  Philip,  king  of  France.  One  of  the  terms  of  the 
agreement  ratified  in  Paris,  October  23rd,  1295,^  provided  that  if  either  of 
the  parties  was  attacked  by  Edward,  mutual  assistance  should  be  given. 
The  French  king  at  the  same  time  gave  his  assent  to  the  marriage  of 
his  niece,  Isabel,  daughter  of  Charles  de  Valois,  with  Edward  Baliol,  John's 
son,  which,  however,  was  never  carried  out.*  The  effect  of  the  agreement 
with  France  was  not  long  in  being  brought  to  an  issue.  In  1296,  Edward 
having  invaded  Gascony,  in  virtue  of  the  compact,  the  pope  meanwhile 
having  delivered  Baliol  from  the  obligation  of  his  oath  of  fealty,  a  large 
army,  headed  by  John  Comyn,  earl  of  Buchan,  at  the  end  of  March 
entered  Cumberland  and  attempted,  but  without  success,  to  take  Carlisle. 
A  little  later,  in  April,  they  entered  Northumberland,  burning  and 
devastating  as  they  went.  Among  other  places  they  burnt  the  imnnery 
of  Lambley,  and  the  church  of  their  patron  saint,  Andrew,  at  Hexham, 
where  the  nave  has  ever  since  remained  a  ruin,  burning,  too,  the  school 
at  the  same  time,  with  the  scholars  within  it."  Before  the  end  of  March, 
very  shortly  after  the  Scots  had  made  their  incursion  into  England, 
Edward',  at  the  head  of  a  more  powerful  force  than  theirs,  entered  the 
eastern  border  and  took  Berwick  by  storm  on  the  30th  of  the  same  month. 

While  Edward  was  at  Berwick  on  April  5th,  1296,  a  letter  was  presented 
to  him  by  Henry,  abbot  of  Arbroath,  on  the  part  of  the  king  of  Scotland.  In 
it  Baliol   complained,  in    strong    and   dignified    language,  that    he    and    his 

'  Q.  R.  Memorandci  Roll,  Recoid  Office  24  Edvv.  I.  m.  12  ;   Rot.  Lit.  Claus.  24  Edw.  I.  m.  10. 

'  Q.  R.  Ancient  Misc.  Sheriff's  accounts,  bundle  'i,'  694. 

'  Rot.  Pipae  (lands  of  Scots  in  Northumberland),  29  Edw.  I.  rot.  47  dorso,  rot.  48. 

*  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  695. 

'  The  dower  which  Isabel  de  \'alois  was  to  have  from  John  Baliol  was  settled  upon  the  seignories  of 
Bailleul,  Dompierre,  Hornoy  and  Helicourt,  in  France,  and  upon  all  his  seignories  in  Scotland. 

"  Chronicon  de  Lanercosi,  Maitland  Club,  pp.  174  et  seq. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  65 

country  had  incurred  grave  and  intolerable  injuries  and  enormous  losses  by 
the  violent  force  of  the  English,  with  the  connivance  of  Edward,  or  anyhow 
with  his  knowledge,  against  the  king's  liberties  and  those  of  Scotland,  and 
against  God  and  justice.  He  enumerated  many  and  various  instances  of 
tyranny,  oppression,  and  insult,  and  declared  he  had  been  unable  to  obtain 
any  remedy  or  redress  for  them,  though,  through  his  agent,  that  had  been 
often  asked  for.  He  further  stated  that  Edward  had  assembled  a  large  army, 
which  had  already  committed  many  inhuman  massacres  and  burnings,  and 
that  not  being  willing  any  longer  to  endure  these  unjust  aggressions  against 
himself  and  his  kingdom,  he  renounced  his  fealty  and  homage,  e.xtorted  from 
him,  as  he  said,  bv  violence.'  Edward's  answer  was  curt  and  forewarning. 
'  Ha  !'  said  he,  'the  mad  rascal,  what  a  fool  he  makes  of  himself!  if  he  will 
not  come  to  us  we  will  go  to  him.'-  The  action  that  followed  was  prompt, 
after  the  manner  of  the  English  king.  On  April  26th,  the  earl  of  Warren  and 
Surrey  defeated  the  Scottish  army  at  Dunbar,  the  castle  being  made  over 
the  next  day  to  Edward.  In  May,  Jedburgh  and  Roxburgh  surrendered, 
and  in  June,  Edward  himself  took  Edinburgh  castle  ;  Stirling,  Perth,  and 
Scone  were  given  up  without  a  contest.  On  July  2nd,  so  low  had  the 
fortunes  of  Baliol  fallen,  that  he  sent  a  letter  dated  from  Kincardine  to  all 
concerned,  acknowledging  that  through  evil  and  false  counsel  and  his  own 
simpleness  he  had  grievously  provoked  and  offended  his  lord,  King  Edward. 
He  admitted  his  various  transgressions  in  making  a  treaty  with  France,  the 
enemy  of  England,  in  contracting  his  son  in  marriage  to  the  niece  of  the 
French  king,  in  invading  England,  and  in  otherwise  resisting  Edward,  and 
in  his  own  full  power  and  of  his  own  freewill  resigned  to  Edward  the 
country  of  Scotland,  its  people  and  their  homage.'  The  crisis  came  soon ; 
on  the  loth  of  the  same  month,  at  Brechin,  acting  on  the  counsel  of  John 
Coinyn,  lord  of  Strathbolgi,  Baliol  resigned  the  kingdom  to  Antony  Bek, 
bishop  of  Durham,  acting  on  the  part  of  Edward.  Apparently  on  the 
same  day,  at  Montrose,  he  handed  to  Edward  a  white  wand  in  token  that 
he  gave  up  his  fee  into  his  hands,  the  usual  feudal  observance  in  such  a  case. 
Such  was  the  end  of  John  Baliol's  short  and  ill-starred  reign.  It  was 
commenced  under  conditions  which  gave  but  little  promise  of  permanency. 

'  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  707;    Cal.  of  Doc.  Relating  to  Scotland,  ii.  167;  from  bundle  in  Tower  Chapter 
House  (Scots.  Doc),  box  2,  No.  8. 

-  '  Ha  !  ce  fol  felon,  tel  folia  feict !     S'il  ne  voult  venir  a  nous  nous  viendrons  a  lui.' 
'  Foedera,  vol.  ii.  p.  718. 

Vol.  VI,  9 


66  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

The  distracted  state  of  the  country,  with  its  many  elements  of  disturbance, 
not  alone  in  the  rivalry  of  claimants  to  the  throne  which  was  not  set  at  rest 
by  Baliol's  accession,  but  also  in  the  jealousy  and  scheuiintr  of  the  nobles  and 
others  in  power,  demanded  a  stronger  and  harder  man  than  John  Baliol  to 
control  and  rule  it.  Nor  were  the  difficulties  made  less  bv  the  designs  and 
intrigues  of  Edward  to  compass  the  design  upon  which  he  had  set  his  heart. 

It  was  a  melancholy  end  to  hopes  and  ambitions  which  never  had  a  fair 
prospect  of  being  fulfilled,  and  the  discrowned  king  musi  often  have  looked 
back  with  sad  regret  to  the  days  when  he  plaved,  a  schoolbov,  on  the  green 
between  the  two  great  houses  of  the  bishop  and  prior  at  Durham,  or  when 
he  looked  from  the  towering  walls  of  Castle  Barnard  over  the  rich  and 
pleasant  valley,  the  ancient  inheritance  of  his  house,  or  when  in  the  more 
peaceful  retirement  of  Bywell  he  wandered  by  the  woods  and  waters  of 
Tyne. 

Edward,  after  the  submission  of  Baliol,  continued  his  progress  to  Elgin, 
returning  on  August  22nd  to  Berwick,  and  bringing  with  him,  among  other 
national  relics,  the  fatal  stone  from  Scone  which  is  now  a  part  of  the 
coronation  chair  at  Westminster  abbey.  John  Baliol  and  his  son  Edward 
were  taken  as  prisoners  to  Hertford  and  afterwards  to  the  Tower,  where  they 
remained  until  Julv  18th,  1299,  when,  bv  the  intervention  of  the  pope  and 
the  king  of  France,  John  Baliol  was  released.  He  ultimately,  after  a  short 
residence  in  his  lordship  of  Galloway,  which  it  seems  was  not  forfeited, 
made  his  home  at  Bailleul-en-Vimeu  or  Helicourt,  ancient  inheritances  of 
his  house.'  From  Bailleul  he  made,  on  November  23rd,  1302,  an  appeal  'a 
tres  excellent  prince,  nostre  tres  chier  seigneur  et  bon  ami  et  nostre 
esperance  empr^s  Dieu,'  the  king  of  France,  asking  Philip  to  aid  him  in 
their  common  grievances  against  the  king  of  England.^  He  was  living 
March  4th,  1314,  when,  as  'Jehans  par  la  grace  de  Dieu  Roys  d'Ecosse 
et  Sire  de  Bailleul-en-Vimmeu,'  he  wrote  a  letter''  to  all  concerned, 
complaining  of  the  trespasses  and  other  injuries  he  and  his  men  had  suffered 
at    the    hands    of  the    seneschals    of    Ponthieu   in    respect    of  his    land    at 

'  In  the  wood  of  Bailleul-en-Vimeu  large  grass  grown  mounds  and  ditches  exist  on  the  site  of 
the  ancient  residence  of  the  Baliols  ;  at  Helicourt  the  similar  remains  of  a  large  castle,  on  the  banks  of 
the  Bresle,  represent  the  important  fortress  of  a  great  estate,  which,  in  addition  to  others,  made  the 
house  of  Baliol  one  of  the  most  powerful  in  the  district. 

=  Rymer's  Foeciera,  Record  Series  (1816),  vol.  i.  p.  946. 

'  Bibl.  Nut.  Paris.     Archives  Nat.  T  633,  No.  5,  Dom  Grenier,  No.  298,  piece  99,  fol.  114. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  67 

Helicourt  in  Vimeu,  a  fief  he  held  of  Edward  II.  as  Comte  de  Ponthieu. 
To  the  last  he  claimed  the  kingdom  of  Scotland,  but  he  does  not  appear  to 
have  taken  any  active  measures  for  its  recovery.  The  time  of  his  death 
and  its  place,  as  well  as  that  of  his  burial,  are  uncertain,  but  he  appears 
to  have  died  in  October  or  November,  1314."  He  married  Isabel,  daughter 
of  John  de  Warren,  earl  of  Surrey,  before  February  7th,  1 280-1,  and  left 
Edward  heir  to  his  estates  in  France,  the  others  having  been  forfeited.    . 

The  memory  of  John  Baliol  has  been  so  covered  with  obloquy  in 
Scotland  that  an  impression  of  his  character  has  been  created  which  scarcely 
does  him  justice.  So  far  was  this  carried  that  when  John  Stewart,  earl  of 
Carrick,  became  king,  his  name  was  changed  to  Robert.  His  very  mis- 
fortunes and  want  of  success  have  been  taken  as  proofs  of  his  incompetence, 
nor  perhaps  is  the  inference  drawn  from  them  quite  incorrect.  The  charge  ol 
treachery  against  Scotland,  if  it  can  justly  be  made,  must  be  shared  with  the 
other  competitors  to  the  throne  and  with  the  greater  part  of  the  magnates 
of  the  country,  including  the  high  ecclesiastics.  He  does  not  appear  to  have 
had  the  warlike  qualifications  of  many  of  his  ancestors,  and  the  peaceful 
attributes  he  possessed  were  little  likely  to  find  favour  with  a  rude, 
treacherous  and  cruel  body  such  as  were  the  Scottish  nobles  at  that  time. 
The  charge  of  cowardice  has  been  brought  against  him,  but  though  he  did 
not  exhibit  the  qualities  of  bravery  so  strongly,  though  so  differently, 
manifested  in  Bruce  and  Wallace,  the  popular  heroes  of  the  day,  he  showed 
no  signs  of  want  of  spirit,  and  his  final  submission  was  only  made  when 
resistance  would  have  been  criminal  and  useless.  It  will  not  be  an  unjust 
estimate  of  him  to  say  that  by  natural  gifts  and  disposition  he  was  but 
ill-fitted  for  the  position  he  occupied,  especially  when  the  character  and 
circumstances  of  the  time  are  taken  into  consideration.  It  is  possible  that 
under  other  conditions  he  might  have  taken  the  same  honourable  place  in 
history  as  was  so  well  filled  by  his  father  before  him. 

As  king  of  Scotland  John  de  Baliol  had  a  great  seal  and  a  coinage. 
The  seal  is  similar  to  that  of  his  predecessor  Alexander  III.,  with  a  different 
legend.     On  one  side  the  king  is  represented  seated  on  his  throne,  on  the 

'  It  has  been  stated,  but  without  any  authority,  that  John  Bahol  died,  bUnd,  at  the  well-known 
Chateau  Gaillard.  In  L'Art  de  verifier  les  dates,  vol.  i.  p.  844,  the  writer  says  that  in  the  church  of 
St.  Waast  (Vedast)  at  Bailleul-sur-Haune,  in  the  department  of  .Seine  Inferieure,  there  was  a  monument 
with  an  inscription  to  his  memory.  The  monument  no  longer  e.xists,  but  to  judge  from  the  coat  of  arms 
upon  it,  and  the  name  Joanne,  of  the  wife  of  the  Bailleul  in  whose  memory  it  was  erected,  it  is  certain  it 
has  no  connection  with  the  king  of  Scotland. 


68  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELI.    ST.    PETER. 

Other  as  a  knight,  armed  and  mounted  on  horseback.'  His  coins  consist  of 
silver  pennies  and  half-pennies.  On  the  obverse  is  the  crowned  head  of  the 
king  in  profile,  with  the  inscription,  Iohannes  dei  gra.  Reverse  :  a  cross 
dividing  the  surface  into  four  quarters,  in  each  of  which  is  a  mullet.  On 
the  half-penny  two  quarters  only  have  the  mullet.  In  each  coin  the 
reverse  has  the  inscription,  rex  scotorvm.^ 

His  eldest  son,  Edward,  succeeded  him  in  13 14,  but  apparently  only  to 
the  fiefs  in  Normandy,  and  to  a  doubtful  and  undesirable  inheritance  of 
the  heirship  to  the  crown  of  Scotland.  Edward  Baliol  had  no  connection 
with  Northumberland,  but  the  account  of  the  family  would  be  incomplete 
without  some  notice  of  the  life  of  the  last  representative  of  the  Bywell  line 
of  Baliol  being  included. 

He  was  not  released  from  confinement  at  the  same  time  as  his  father, 
but  was  kept  at  first  in  the  custody  of  his  grandfather  John,  earl  of  Warren, 
and  after  his  death  in  that  of  his  son.  He  was  taken  from  his  custody  in 
1 3 10,  and  placed  under  the  charge  of  Thomas  and  Edmund,  the  king's 
brothers.  In  131 5,  the  year  after  his  father's  death,  he  was  permitted  to  go 
to  France,  under  a  pledge  to  return  if  he  was  required  to  do  so.  He  appears 
to  have  usually  resided  on  his  estates  in  Picardy,  until  he  allowed 
himself  to  be  made  an  instrument  in  the  schemes  of  Edward  II.  and  his  son 
Edward  III.  to  bring  Scotland  under  the  rule  of  the  English  crown.  He 
was  invited  to  England  in  1324,  and  again  in  1327,  by  Edward  III.  in 
furtherance  of  his  designs,  but  it  was  not  until  after  the  death  of  Robert 
Bruce,  in  1329,  that  serious  steps  were  taken  by  Edward  to  make  use 
of  Baliol.  He  was  brought  to  England  in  1330,  and,  in  1332,  he  sailed 
from  Ravenspur,  on  the  coast  of  Holderness,  in  command  of  a  small  body  of 
English  troops,  in  company  with  many  of  the  nobles  who  had  been  deprived 
of  their  estates  in  Scotland  by  Robert  Bruce.  He  landed  at  Kinghorn,  in 
Fife,  August  6th,  1332,  at  a  time  when  the  death  of  Thomas  Ranulph,  earl  of 
Moray,  the  regent  of  Scotland,  made  his  chance  of  success  more  favourable. 
The  regent  had  died  on  July  20th  when  advancing  northwards  at  the  head  of 
an  army  to  repel  the  invasion.  For  a  time  Edward  Baliol  was  successful, 
totally  defeating  the  Scottish  army,  under  the  command  of  Donald,  earl  of 
Mar,  who  was  killed  in  the  battle,  on  August  12th,  at  Dupplin.  The  next  day 
Baliol  occupied  Perth,  and,  on  the  24th  of  September,  he  was  crowned  king 

'  Laing,  Scottish  Senls,  vol.  i.  p.  6,  Nos.  19,  20.        -  Burns'  Coinage  of  Scotland,  1887,  vol.  iii.  plates  xvii.  xviii. 


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BARONV    OF    BALIOI,.  6g 

of  Scotland,  at  Scone.  This  apparently  prosperous  state  of  affairs  was  not, 
however,  to  last  for  long,  though  on  November  23rd  he  joined  Edward  III. 
at  Roxburgh.  He  there  bound  himself  to  the  English  king,  admitting  his 
supremacy  over  Scotland,  and  agreed  to  hand  over  Berwick  to  him,  and  to 
marry  the  Princess  Johanna.  On  December  i6th  he  was  completely 
defeated  by  Archibald  Douglas  at  Annan,  his  brother  Henry  was  killed,  and 
he  himself  fled,  '  one  leg  booted  and  the  other  naked,'  beyond  the  border 
into  England.  In  March  of  the  succeeding  year  he  returned  to  Scotland, 
and  laid  siege  to  Berwick,  when  Edward,  having  routed  the  Scots  under 
Archibald  Douglas  on  July  19th,  1333,  at  Halidon  Hill,  Berwick  was 
surrendered.  At  a  parliament  held  at  Edinburgh  in  February,  1334,  Baliol 
again  bound  himself  to  Edward,  and  Berwick  was  delivered  over  to  England. 
Shortly  after,  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  he  alienated  an  extensive  and  rich 
tract  of  country  in  the  south-east  of  Scotland,  extending  up  to  and  including 
Edinburgh,  constituting  one  of  the  fairest  jewels  in  the  Scottish  crown,  the 
ancient  district  of  Lothian.  But  the  loss  of  this  important  possession,  severed 
from  his  kingdom,  was  exceeded  a  little  later  by  the  still  greater  loss  of 
honour  when  he  did  homage  to  the  English  king  for  the  kingdom  of 
Scotland. 

The  differences  which  had  broken  out  among  the  English  barons,  who 
had  been  of  great  service  to  Edward  Baliol  in  his  first  campaign  in  1332, 
revived  the  hopes  of  the  adherents  of  David  Bruce.  Robert,  the  high 
steward  of  Scotland,  afterwards  king  as  Robert  II.,  and  John  Ranulph,  earl 
of  Moray,  were  appointed  regents.  They  attacked  and  took  several  castles 
and  secured  the  allegiance  of  many  of  the  nobles,  including  some  of  English 
descent.  Meanwhile  Baliol  had  retired  into  England  to  be  again  assisted  by 
an  English  army  headed  by  Edward  III.  in  person.  The  severity  of  an  early 
winter  obliged  them  to  retreat,  but  in  July,  1335,  Edward  renewed  the  in- 
vasion of  Scotland.  For  a  time  the  two  kings  were  successful,  and  at  Perth, 
which,  since  the  transfer  of  Edinburgh  to  England,  had  become  the  capital  of 
Baliol's  kingdom,  they  received  the  submission  of  many  of  the  Scottish  lords. 
This  good  fortune  was  not  destined  to  continue,  and,  when  the  regents  in 
1339  invested  Perth,  Baliol  was  ordered  by  Edward  to  hand  over  the  place 
to  Sir  Thomas  Ughtred  and  to  retire  into  England.  This  was  practically 
the  end  of  Edward  Baliol's  reign  in  Scotland,  of  which,  however,  he  was 
still  nominally  the  king.     He  was  appointed  by  Edward,  lieutenant  of  the 


70  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

North,  and  in  1341  he  defeated  a  raid  made  into  England  by  David  Bruce 
himself.  Again  in  1344  he  repelled  a  similar  invasion  by  David,  but  there  is 
not  any  trustworthy  authority  for  the  report  that  he  was  present  at  the  battle 
of  Nevill's  Cross,  October  igth,  1346,  fought  close  to  Durham,  when  David 
Bruce  was  taken  prisoner.  After  the  battle  the  English  crossed  the  border, 
when  Baliol  was  in  command  of  a  large  army  of  English  and  of  his  own  men 
of  Galloway.  He  advanced  as  far  as  Glasgow,  devastating  the  Lothians  in 
his  progress  north,  and  Annandale  as  he  returned.  From  this  time  but  little 
is  known  of  him  or  his  doings  until  the  hnal  act  of  the  drama  of  his  life  as 
king  took  place.  On  January  21st,  1356,  at  Roxburgh,  he  surrendered  the 
entire  kingdom  of  Scotland  into  the  hands  of  Edward  III.,  giving  him  seisin 
by  the  deliverance  of  a  portion  of  the  soil  and  his  golden  crown.  Edward 
had  already  undertaken  to  give  him  in  hand  a  sum  of  5,000  marcs  and  an 
annual  payment  of  ,2^2,000. 

Edward  Baliol  had  no  coinage.  As  king  of  Scotland  he  had  a  great 
seal,  similar,  except  in  the  legend,  to  those  of  his  predecessors.^  He  had 
also  a  privy  seal  of  good  design  and  execution.*  He  outlived  the  loss 
of  a  kingdom,  which  had  proved  to  be  but  an  unstable  and  unhappy 
possession,  for  many  years.  It  does  not  appear  that,  like  his  father,  he  lived 
upon  any  of  the  ancient  possessions  of  his  house  in  Picardv,  one  of  the  most 
important  of  which,  the  baronv  of  Helicourt,  he  granted  to  Edward  III., 
king  of  England,  by  a  deed  dated  May  27th,  1363,  the  seneschal  of  Ponthieu 
taking  possession  of  it  on  June  6th  of  the  same  year.  He  died  near 
Doncaster,  it  is  said  at  Wheatley,  in  1363,  without  issue.  After  his 
retirement  he  appears  to  have  largely  spent  his  time  in  following  the 
chase,  which  he  was  able  to  enjoy  through  the  goodwill  of  Edward,  who 
gave  him  licence  to  sport  in  his  forests,  one  of  which,  the  great  chace  of 
Hatfield,  lay  almost  at  his  door.  He  married  Margaret,  princess  of 
Tarentum,   who  re-married   Francis,   duke   of  Andria. 

His  career  was  an  unsuccessful  one,  but  he  was  not  deficient  in 
boldness  and  skill  ;  he  fought  with  bravery  and  determination  at  Dupplin, 
and  King  Edward,  who  knew  what  a  soldier  should  be,  had  a  high  opinion 
of  his  miUtary  qualities.  In  the  position  in  which  he  was  placed,  with 
obligations  to  the  king  of  England,  and  a  turbulent  and  divided  people  to 
govern,  it  was  impossible  for  any  one  except  a  man  equally  endowed  with 

'  Laing,  Scuttisli  Seals,  vol.  i.  p.  8,  Nos.  ^o,  31.  ■  Ibid.  No.  32. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  J I 

force  and  strength  of  character  and  will,  and  with  the  power  of  judicious 
management,  to  have  steered  a  safe  course  among  such  troubled  issues  as 
then  distracted  Scotland.  Edward  Baliol  did  not  possess  these  qualities. 
Like  his  father  his  disposition  was  amiable,  one  more  suited  to  a  quiet 
than  to  an  active  life,  which  attached  his  followers  to  him  by  personal 
kindness  and  consideration,  but  was  unequal  to  control  the  unruly,  crafty 
and  savage  people  it  was  his  misfortune  to  be  called  upon  to  rule. 
Though  not  wanting  in  bravery,  he  was  not  endowed  with  that  form  of 
courage  which  at  the  best  can  only  be  designated  as  brutal,  nor  was  he 
unscrupulous   or  treacherous. 

Bywell  having  remained  in  the  hands  of  the  Crown  since  the  seizure 
of  John  Baliol's  English  estates  on  the  25th  December,  1293,'  was 
granted  in  1299  to  Edward  I.'s  nephew,  John  of  Brittany,^  'the  greatest 
subject  in  the  kingdom  of  England,'  in  part  satisfaction  of  the  yearly  fee 
of  ;^  1,000  which  had  been  promised  him.'  The  grant  was  confirmed 
on  the  loth  November,  1306,''  and  again  in  1308-9.*  John  of  Brittany 
received  the  king's  pardon  on  the  8th  October,  1305,  for  selling  timber 
out  of  the  Bywell  woods,  together  with  licence  to  sell  ^200  thereof  for 
debts  incurred  in  the  king's  service."  Alianor,  widow  of  Alexander  de 
Bailiol,  and  her  second  husband,  Robert  de  Stutevill,  being  aggrieved 
by  this  licence,  petitioned  parliament  to  compel  John  of  Brittany,  who 
had  become  earl  of  Richmond,  to  pay  her  her  thirds.  .  She  also  retained 
the  salmon  fishery  of  Bvwell  and  the  acre  of  land  which  had  been 
conveyed  to  her  first  husband  and  herself  by  Adam,  son  of  Gilbert  de 
Stocksfield.' 

'  In  1296,  he  resigned  'his  person,  his  dignity,  his  kingdom,  and  all  his  private  estates.'  See 
Svvinden,  Yarmouth,  p.  241. 

'^  John  of  Brittany,  earl  of  Richmond,  was  second  son  of  John  de  Dreux,  first  duke  of  Brittany,  by  his 
wife  Beatrix,  second  daughter  of  King  Henry  III.  The  lady  C>ray,  daughter  of  John  and  Beatrix,  was 
wife  of  Guy  de  C'hastiUon,  earl  of  St.  I'ol,  whose  daughtei  and  heiress,  Mary,  'countess  of  St.  Pol,'  became 
third  wife  of  Adomar  de  Valence,  earl  of  Pembroke,  who,  being  slain  on  the  27th  June,  1323,  left  her,  as 
it  is  stated,  'maid,  wife,  and  widow'  in  one  day.  She  survived  him  until  March,  1377.  .'Xgnes  de 
Valence,  the  widow  of  Hugh  de  Baliol,  mentioned  in  the  text,  was  one  of  the  sisters  of  Adomar  de 
Valence. 

'  E.xchequer  Q.  R.  Memoranda,  27  and  28  Edw.  I.  m.  2  ;  Cal.  Doc.  Kel.  Scot.  ii.  2S0;  Cat.  Pat.  Rolls, 
27  Edw.  I.  p.  429. 

'  Cal.  Pat.  Rolls,  32  Edw.  I.  m.  i,  p.  470.  ^  Cal.  Rot.  Chart.  2  Edw.  II.  pt.  i.  No.  44,  p.  141. 

^  Cal.  Pat.  Rolls,  33  Edw.  I.  pt.  ii.  m.  12,  p.  3S1.  '  Rot.  Pari.  i.  199. 


72 


THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 


RALIOL    OF    BAILLEUL-EN-VIMEU,    BYWELL    AND 
BARNARD   CASTLE.f 

Akms  :  Gules,  an  orle  argent :  John  Ue  Ballioll  MS.  L.  14  Coll.  of  Arms, 
circa  1240-1245,  printed  by  NichoUs,  1829.  The  arms  of  the  Picardy 
house  of  Bailleul-en-Vimeu  was  ermine,  a  shielil,  gules.    Cf.  Belleval,  p.  20. 

Guy  de  Baliol  = 


*Hugh  de  Baliol, 
'sire  de  Bailleul-en- 
Vimeu  '  in  the  de- 
partment of  Som- 
me;  living  in  11 30, 
when  he  with  his 
son  Eustace  sub- 
scribed the  founda- 
tion charter  of  the 
abbey  of  Sery. 


*Guy  de  Baliol,  obtained  Bywell  =  Dionisia  .  . 
from  William  Rufus  circa 
l°93  !  granted  the  churches 
of  Gainford,  Stokesley,  and 
Stainton  in  the  Street  to  St. 
Mary's  Abbey,  York  ;  for  the 
souls  of  Dionisia  his  wife, 
Bernard  his  nephew  (^nepos) 
etc.  (^)  ;  living  11 12. 


Hawis,  married  William  Bertram,  baron  of  Mitford,  and  founder  of  the  priory  of  Brinkburn., 


I 
*  Joscelin  de  Baliol : 


I 
*  Hawis 


I 
Ingelram  de  Baliol 


I 


*  Eustace   de    Baliol  =  Agnes    Percy. 


I 
*  Agnes   married  William    Percy. 


''Ingelram  de  Baliol,  died  in  1299. 


I  I 

Eustace   de     Bernard  Baliol  I.,  '  sire  de  Bailleul-en-Vimeu  et  Heli- : 

Baliol,  liv-         court,'  1138,   a  baron  of   the   bishopric  of  Durham, 

ing  I130,*  founderof  Bernard  Castle;  confirmed  the  grant  made 

apparently         by  his  uncle  {avunculus')  \o  St.  .Mary's  Abbey  (1132- 

dead      be-  Il6l){^);  and  with  iheassentof  his  wife, hisfour  sons, 

foreil3S.*         and  his  daughter,  granted  in  1138  to  the  church  of 

Cluny,  the  altars  of  Dompierre,  Bailleul,  Tour.<i,  Er- 

court,  Ramburelles,  and  Allenay  (jf)  ;  gave  lands  at 

Newbiggin  to  Newminster  (c) ;  present  at  the  battle 

of    the    Standard,    Sept.,     11 35,    and    was     taken 

prisoner  at    Lincoln    in   1142;    died  before   1167  ; 

named  in  the  Durham  Lilicr  Vitac  (a). 


Matilda 

her  name 
and  that  of 
her  hus- 
band are 
written  in 
the  Durham 
Liher    Vitae 

C«). 


Ralph  Baliol, 
part  of  whose 
meadow,  gar- 
den and  or- 
chard [  ?  at 
Dompierre  ], 
his  brother, 
Bernard,  gave 
to  the  abbey 
of  Cluny  (^). 


Joscelin  de  Baliol, 
brother  of  Bernard 
for  whose  soul  his 
nephew  gave  pas- 
turage in  Teesdale 
to  the  abbot  and 
convent  of  Rie- 
vaulx  (d). 

Guy  and  Hugh, 
stated  to  be  bro- 
thers of  Bernard  I. 


IngelramBaliol, 
who,  1127- 
1 144, assented 
to  his  father's 
grant  to  the 
abbot  and 
convent  of 
Cluny(^.^),and 
I145-I153,  to 
a  similar  grant 
to  the  Knights 
Templars  ; 
named  in  the 
Durham /(//«/• 
Vitae  (a). 


I 
Guy  Baliol,  about 
1 152,  confirmed 
his  father's  grant 
of  the  church  of 
Gainford  to  the 
abbot  and  con- 
vent of  St. 
Mary's,York(/S), 
and  granted  the 
mill  of  Ingleby 
to  the  abbot  and 
conventof  Whit- 
by (c);  named  in 
the  Durham 

L^ber  Vitae  (a). 


I 
Eustace  Baliol, 
who  assented 
to  his  father's 
grant  to  the 
abbot  and 
convent  of 
Cluny  (f)  ; 
named  in  the 
Durham //(5«>- 
Vttae  (a). 


Bernard  Baliol  H.,  baron  of 
the  bishopric,  lord  of  By- 
well  and  Barnard  Castle; 
assented  to  his  father's 
grants  to  Cluny  {g),  and 
confirmed  his  grant  to  the 
abbot  and  convent  of  St. 
Mary 's,  York  (Ji) ;  granted 
a  fishery  on  the  Tees  to 
the  abbot  and  convent  of 
Rievaul.x  for  the  soul  of 
his  father,  Bernard  (</)  ; 
died  before  1 193  ;  named 
in  the  Durham  Liber 
Vitae  (a). 


Agnes  de 
Picquigny 
(«'),  "^  her 
name  is 
written  in 
the  Dur- 
ham Liher 
Vttae  («). 


I 
Atuidis, 
assented 
to      her 
father's 
grant  to 
Cluny 
ig)- 


Hawise,  whose 
name  is  writ- 
ten in  the 
Durham  Z?^^»- 
Vttae  {a),  for 
whose  soul  her 
brother,  Ber- 
irardde  Baliol, 
confirmed  the 
churches  of 
Ingleby  and 
Kirk  by  to  the 
abbot  and 
convent  of 
Whitby  (c). 


*Hugh,   married  N.  .  .  .  daughter   of 
Aldaume  de  Fontaines  before  1210. 


'Bernard, 
living  1:12. 


*Enguarran, 
living  1215. 


•Henry  =  *Laura   de 
Baliol    I     Valoignes. 


*Enor  married  Hugh 
de  Fontaines. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL, 


73 


I 


Eustace  Baliol,  lord  of  Byvvell  and  Barnard  Castle  ;  granted  the  church  of  Bywell  =  Petronell,  widow  of  Robert 
St.   Peter   to   the   prior  and   convent  of  Durham  ;    confirmed   the   lands  at  fitz-Piers,  to  marry  whom 

Newbiggin  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of  Newminster  (^)  ;    died  area   1200;  he    fined    to    the    king     in 

named  in  the  Durham  /.i.'ifr  Vttae  (a).  1190. 


Hugh  Baliol  lord  of  Bywell  and  Barnard  =  Cecilia  de  Fon- 
Castle,  confirmed,  between  I193-1205,  the  j  taines,  for  whose 
advowson  of  Gainford,  etc.,  to  the  abbey  of 
St.  Mary,  at  York  (/;)  ;  adhered  to  King  John, 
1212-1216  ;  confirmed  the  churches  of  Ingleby 
and  Kirkby  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of  Whitby 
(c)  ;  died  in  1228;  named  in  the  Durham 
Li/ier  Vtlae  («). 


soul  her  husband 
granted  lands  at 
Newsam  to  the 
abbot  and  con- 
vent of  Rievaulx 
id). 


Ingelram  Baliol, 
a  witness  to 
charters  of  his 
fatherand  bro- 
ther, Hugh  ; 
named  in  the 
Durham  Lifiir 
Vitaf  («). 


I 
Bernard  Baliol,  a 
baron  by  tenure, 
1212-1245,  a  witness 
to  his  father's  char- 
ters ;  named  in  the 
Durham  Liher  Vitae 
(a). 


Henry 
Baliol, 
named 
in    the 
Ihirham 
/  iher 


I 

John  Baliol,  lord  of 
Bywell  and  Bar- 
nard Castle,  dives 
It  putens,  1228- 
1229,  paid  /150 
for  his  relief : 
founder  of  Baliol 
CoIUge,  Oxon.  ; 
died  ciyca  Oct. 
1268  ;  buried  at 
Sweetheart  abbey 
in  Galloway;  /n/}. 
p.m.  53  Hen.  111. 
No.  43. 


I  I    I  I  I 

Devorguil,  daughter   Hugh     Ingel-  Bernard,  priest  Eustace  Baliol, 


and  ultimately  sole    Baliol,   ram, 
heiress  of  Alan, lord   lord  of  living 
of  Galloway  by  his    Heli-      1st 
second   wife,    Mar-  court,*   Oct., 
garet,  dau.  and  (at   living     1 270.* 
length)    co-heir    of   1282.*    Josce- 
David.earlof  Hun-  line, 

tingdon,  mar.  1233;  living 

died  at  Kempston,  1255. 

Bedfordshire,  on 
the  Sunday  after 
2Sth  Jan.,  1289/90  ; 
/nq.p.m.l?,  Edw.  I., 
No.  28. 


of   Gainford,*  i6th        July, 

whoselandson  1270,  had  let- 

Naintstanthirl  ters  of  protec- 

were,    at    the  tion         when 


Parliament  at 
Stirling  in 
1 293,  given  up 
to  his  nephew, 
John  de  Raliol, 
king  of  Scot- 
land (/), 


about  to  set 
out  for  the 
Holy  Land 
with  Ptince 
Edward;  died 
1272  (/,). 


=  Hawise,  dan. 
and  heir  of 
Ralph  Levyn- 
ton  (0  ;  also 
called  the 

dau.  of  Ada, 
who  was  the 
wife  of  Wil- 
li im  de  Fur- 
nevai,and  was 
23  years  old  in 

I27o-I27l(!); 

/luj.  p.n 
Hen. 
No.    35. 


Ada,  mar.  John 
fitz  Robert, 
lord  of  Wark- 
worth.towhom 
she  carried 
Stokesley  as  a 
dowry  ;  she 
granted  lands 
in  Kirkby  to 
Guisbrough 
(>);  died  at 
Stokesley  29th 
56  July.1251 ;  J>:q. 
111.,  f.w.  35  Hen. 
in.  No.  51(0. 


Hugh      Baliol,=  Agnes,  daugh-    Alan    Alexander  Baliol,  =  Eleanor     de 


lord  of  Bywell 
and  Barnard 
Castle,  was  28 
years  of  age 
and  upwards  at 
the  time  of  h  s 
father's  death; 
died  5./>.,  circa 
1271;  the  exe- 
cutors of  his 
vvillwereHugh 
de  Eure  and 
Henry  Spryng 
W;  Inq.p.m., 
56  Hen.  HI. 
No.  26. 


ter  of  William  Baliol, 
de  Valentia,  died 
earl  of  Pern-  s.p. 
broke,  niece 
of  Hen.  III., 
and  widow  of 
Maurice  Fitz- 
gerald ;  she 
had  assign- 
mentofdower, 
55  Hen.  III. 
(i)  ;  she  re- 
married |ohn 
de  Avesnes, 
lord  of  Beau- 
mont, and  d. 
circa  3  Ed.  II. 


succeeded  his 
brother,  Hugh, 
as  lord  of  By- 
well  and  Bar- 
nard Castle  ; 
died  s.p.,  1278  ; 
hiq.  p.m.,  6  Ed. 
I.  No.  5  ;  his 
executors  were 
his  widow, 

Ralph  de  Co- 
tum,  Hugh  de 
Wodehall,  and 
Hugh  de  Cor- 
bridge  (Ji). 


Genoure, 
who  brought 
her  husband 
in  free  mar- 
riage Mit- 
ford  and  Fel- 
ton,  by  the 
gift  of  Oueen 
Eleanor;  she 
re  -  married 
Robert  de 
Stuteville, 
and  was  liv- 
ing again  a 
widow  in 
1306. 


John  Baliol,  who  was  educated 
at  Durham  School,  succeeded 
his  brother,  Alexander,  as 
lord  of  Bywell  and  Barnard 
Castle  ;  found  heir  to  his 
mother,  1289/90,  then  age  I 
40  (0 ;  crowned  king  of 
Scotland  at  Scone,  30th  Nov., 
1292  ;  did  homage  in  the 
castle  at  Newcastle  for  the 
crown  of  Scotland,  26lh  Dec. 
following  ;  his  English  estates 
were  seized  25th  Dec,  1293  ; 
resigned  the  Scottish  crown, 
loth  July,  1296;  was  liv.  at 
Bailleul,  in  Picardy,  in  1302  ; 
died  in  exile,  October,  1314. 


-Isabella,  da- 
ughter of 
John,  earl 
of  Warren 
and  Sur- 
rey ;  mar- 
ried 1279  ; 
apparently 
dead  be- 
fore 23rd 
Oct.,  1295. 


Edward  Baliol,  succeeded  to  his  father's  =  Margaret,  princess  Henry    Baliol, 

estates    in     Picardy;    crowned    king            of  Tarentum;  re-  slain            at 

of  Scotland  at  Scone,  24th  September,            married  Francis,  Annan,  i6th 

1332  ;    surrendered     his     crown    and            duke  of  Andria.  Dec,  1332. 
realm,  20th  Jan.,  1355/6,  and  died  at 
Wheatley,  near  Doncaster,  in  1363. 


I      I      I      I 
.Margaret,   'lady    of    Gillesland,'   stated    to 

have  married    Multon,  died  5.^. 

Ada, I  married  William  de  Lindsay  {;).  ^ 
Cecily,  married  John  de  Burgh,  grandson 

of  Hubert,  earl  of  Kent.    4, 
Mary,  married  John   Comyn  of  Badenoch. 


f  This  pedigree  of  the  main  line  of  Baliol,  omitting  the  cadets,  is  founded  on  the  pedigree  in  Walhran  Gaitiford, 
collated  with  the  pedigree  in  Surtees'  Durham,  vol.  iv.  p.  59,  and  Mr.  VV.  H.  D.  Longstaffe's  notices  in  Archaeologia 
Aeltana,  vol.  iii.  new  series,  p.  74.  The  descents  marked,*  none  of  which  materially  affect  the  transmission  of  Bywell, 
are  taken  from  a  monograph,  Jean  de  Bailleul  roi  d ' Kcosse  el  sire  de  Bailteul-en-  Vimeu,  par  Rene  de  Belleval,  Paris,  1 866. 

I  Ada  Baliol  and  her  husband  William  de  Lindsay,  had  a  daughter.  Christian,  who  became  wife  of  Ingelram,  sire  de 
Coucy,  and  her  right  to  represent  the  royal  house  of  Scotland  descended  through  the  family  of  St.  Pol,  and  that  of 
Bourbon  to  the  late  Comte  de  Chambord.      Cf.  Burke  Peerages  Extinct  and  Dormant. 

(a)  Durham  Liber  rz/air,  pp.  98,  100,  103.  (/)   Rynier,  Foed.  vol.  ii.  p.  791. 

(b)  Northumberland  Assize  Rolls,  pp.  134,  z62.        {g)    Cal.  Doc.  in  prance,  vol.  i.  p.  513. 

(h)    Chartulary  of  St.  Mary's,  York,  Walbran's  Gir/w/onr' appendix. 
(0     Calend.  Genealogictim,  pp.  38,  138,  I46,  I47,  150,  157,  160,  226,  414,  772. 
(7')   Guisbrough  Chartulary,  II.  p.  300. 


(c)  Whitby  Chartulary,  vol.  i.  pp.  54,  55,  297. 

(d)  Rievaulx  Chartulary,  pp.  66,  67.  155,  221. 
(«)  Newminster  Chartulary,  pp.  244,  245. 


Vol.  VI. 


10 


74 


THE    PARISH    OF   HYWF.II.    ST.    PETER. 


Although  the  baronv  of  Bvwcll,  the  manor  of  Woodhorn,  aiul  thr  castle 
and  honour  of  Richmond,  seem  to  have  been  in  the  kind's  liands  between 
1325  and  1327,'  the  earl  of  Richmond,  on  the  5th  May,  1331,  obtained 
licence  to  grant  the  manor  of  Bywell  to  his  niece,  Mary  de  St.  Pol,  countess 
of  Pembroke,  to  hold  for  the  term  of  her  life."  Four  years  later,  John  de 
Insula  of  Woodburn,  Gilbert  de  Halghtun  and  others  were  appointed 
commissioners  to  make  a  survey  of  the  manors  of  Bvwell  and  Woodhorn, 
parcel  of  the  possessions  of  John  de  Baliol,  deceased,  the  reversion 
of  which  belonged  to  the  king  on  the  death  of  Mary,  widow  of  Adomar 
de  Valence,  earl  of  Pembroke.'  It  was  doubtless  in  obedience  to  this 
command  that  an  inquisition  was  taken  at  Bywell  on  Tuesday,  3rd  October, 
1335,  when  it  was  stated  that  the  manor  at  Bywell  had  not  been  rebuilt 
since  it  was  pillaged  bv  tiie  Scots  in  the  time  of  John  of  Hrittanv,  late 
earl  of  Richmond.  As  to  the  waste  and  destructicMi  of  the  woods  and  the 
banishment  of  the  inhabitants,  it  was  found,  by  the  jury,  that  during  the 
preceding  sixty  years  between  five  and  six  thousand  oaks  had  been  felled 
and  disposed  of,  but  no  man  had  been  banished  bv  the  lord  or  his  ministers, 
'  except  through  the  war  and  by  reason  of  the  burning  of  the  Scots.'* 

'  Abb.  Rot.  Orig.  19  Edw.  II.  ro.  14;  //'i./.  20  Edw.  II.  10.  14. 

-'  CliI.  Piit.  Rolls,  5  Edw.  III.  pt.  i.  m.  I,  p.  124.  '  Ibid.  9  Edw.  III.  pt.  ii.  m.  32,  p.  199. 

'  Iiii].  ad  quod  ditm.  9  Edw.  III.  Nos.  4  and  5.     The  followiny  is  .m  abstract  of  that  part  of  the  return 
to  the  writ  which  relates  to  the  timber  : — 


Oaks. 
*2CO 


By  whom  l.iken. 
Henry  Walays,  mayor  of  Berwick... 


400      Thomas  de  Fetherstanhall  ... 


80 
*3co 

2000 

80 

120 

500 

800 

60 


80 

*IOO 


400 


'  Divers  men  in  the  county.' 

Richard  de    Bcrnynyham,  steward   of  the 

earl  of  Richmond. 
William    and    Roger    Catelyn,    John    del 

Halles,  John  Godehale,  Robt.  Brenner. 
Thomas  de  Richemund,  steward  of  the  earl 

of  Richmond. 
Thomas  de  Colvill,  steward  of  the  earl  of 

Richmond. 


'  Divers  trespassers '  who  were  amerced 
in  the  court  at  Bywell. 

Richard  de  Pontesale  and  .Xlcx.  Los,  col- 
lectors of  the  royal  household. 

'The  free  tenants  of  the  manor  of  Bywell.' 
The     ministers     of     Mary,     countess     of 
Pembroke. 


For  what  purpose. 
For  the  repair  of  Berwick. 

To  rebuild  the  peel  of  Staward. 

For  expediting  the  lord's  business. 
Sold  to  the  lord's  use. 

'  I'ro  carbonibus  comburendis  ad 

myneram  ferri.' 
For  the  lord's  business. 

For  the  lord's  business. 

To  repair  the  mill  pond  and  mill 
of  Bywell. 


'.■\t  two  approaches  to  Scotland.' 


For  '  liusbote  and  haybote.' 

To    repair   the   '  pera '  of   Newe- 

bynginj;,  the  mill  pond  and  mill 

of  Bvwell.  and  houses. 


By  wh.it  authority. 

Command  of 

Edw.  1. 
Command  of 

Edw.  II. 


Sold    by    the 
lord's  bailiffs. 


King's  letters 
under  the 
Privy  Seal. 


Burnt,  with   a  certain  adjacent   moor,  by 
Shanaldi,  a  North  Tyndale  fugitive. 

•  ',By  the  greater  huDdred.* 


u 

-I 

H 

< 
O 

> 

CQ 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  75 

The  reversion  of  the  baronv  of  Byvvell,  expectant  on  the  death  of 
the  countess  of  Pembroke,  was,  in  1 336,  granted,  in  consideration  of  laudable 
service  done  to  the  king,  to  Ralph  de  Nevill,  who  until  he  should  obtain 
possession  of  Bywell,  was  to  enjoy  the  manor  of  Edenham,  in  Berwickshire.^ 
The  Scots  seem  to  have  lain  at  Bywell  before  the  battle  of  Nevill's  Cross,  in 
1346."  The  countess  of  Pembroke  survived  until  1376,  when  Sir  John  de 
Nevill  obtained  a  confirmation  of  the  grant.''  Bywell,  which  had  been  • 
plundered  in  1347,'  had  not  recovered  its  prosperity  in  1388,  when  the  manor 
was  stated  to  be  worth  no  more  than'  ^26  13s.  4d.  a  year  beyond  reprises, 
on  account  of  the  burning  and  destruction  by  the  Scots.* 

Bywell  Castle.* 

When  Henry  VI.  escaped  from  the  battlefield  of  Hexham  on  the 
8th  May,  1464,  he  found  temporary  shelter  '  how  and  whither  God  knows,  in 
whose  hand  are  the  hearts  of  kings,'  in  the  castle  of  Bywell,  where  his 
helmet,  crown,  and  sword,  and  the  trappings  of  his  horse  were  subsequently 
found  when  the  place  was  surrendered  to  John  Nevill,  Lord  Montagu.'  On 
the  [6th  November  following,  Montagu,  having  been  created  earl  of 
Northumberland,  obtained  the  tower  of  Bywell  from  his  kinsman, 
Edward  IV.,  together  with  many  other  places, '  a  grant  which  seems  to  have 
been  resumed  some  five  years  later.  These  seem  to  be  the  earliest  notices  of 
the  gate  tower  of  Bywell,  which  was,  no  doubt,  built  by  Ralph  Nevill,"  who 
succeeded   his  grandfather  as  second   earl   of  Westmorland,   in    1426.      Its 

'Abb.  Rot.  Orig.  lo  Edw.  IH.  ro.  4. 

''  Le  lendemain  le  Roy  d'  Escoce  a  bien  quarante  mille  homes,  qu'vns  qu'autres,  fen  vint  loger  a  trois 
petites  lieues  Angloiches  pres  du  Neufcliastel-sur-Thiii,  en  la  terre  du  Seigneur  de  Neufuille ;  & 
maderent  a  ceux,  qui  estoiet  dedas  la  ville  du  Neufchastel,  que,  fils  vouloient  issir  hors,  ils  les  cobatroient 
volonliers.  Les  Barons  et  Prelats  d'Angleterre  respondirent  qu'ouy  &  qu'ils  adentureroient  leur 
vies,  avec  I'heritage  de  leur  Seigneur  le  Roy  Anglois.     Froissart,  vol.  i.  cap.  cxxxviii. 

'  Pelt.  Roth,  51  Edw.  IIL;  cf.  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection  Bywell  Guard  Book. 

'  .  .  .  les  enemys  d'Escoce,  eantz  ferme  propos  a  destruire  le  North,  entrerent  nadgiers  les 
parties   d'Engleterre   a  moun   graunt    poair,   feisanz  homicides,   arsonns   et  autres  damages  molt    en 

grossement Bywell  et  tut  la  paroche,  qe  nous  avioms  en  propre  oess,  arderent  issink 

qe  nul  profist  n'avioms  des  dismes  qe  valoient  plus  qe  C.  mars ; Letter  from  the  Prior 

and  Convent  of  Durham  to  the  Privy  Council,  written  at  Durham  19th  May,  1347.  Raine,  Northern 
Registers,  p.  390.  *  Iiiq.  p.m.  Sir  John  Nevill,  12  Ric.  IL  No.  40. 

°  The  account  of  Bywell  castle,  by  Mr.  Bates,  is  from  Border  Holds,  vol.  i.  p.  372. 

'  Three  Fifteenth  Century  Chronicles,  Camden  Soc.  Pub.  1880,  p.  179;  cf.  Bates,  Bonier  Holds, 
vol.  i.  p.  21.  "  Cat.  Pat.  Rolls,  5  Edw.  IV.  pt.  ii.  m.  5,  p.  484. 

'  '1441,  2Sth  November.  Licence  to  the  earl  of  Westmorland  to  grant  to  Richard  Caudray,  clerk, 
and  others,  his  manors  of  Bywell,  Bolbec,  and  Styford,  which  he  holds  of  the  king  in  chief ;  also 
^90  6s.  8d.  of  rent,  with  the  appurtenances  in  the  town  of  Newcastle  of  the  fee  farm  of  the  said  town, 
the  which,  also,  he  holds  of  the  king.'     Welford,  Nezceustlc  and  Gateshead,  vol.  i.  p.  306. 


76 


THE    PARISH    OF    HYWEM,    ST.    PETER. 


Situation    IS    singular  ; 


it  stood  at  tile  extreme  east  end  of  tin-  village, 
which  formerly  extended  to  a  considerable  distance  to  the  west  of  the  two 
churches,  and  vet  it  did  not  command  the  old  bridge,  which  was  still  farther 
to  the  east  again,  almost  half  way  between  the  castle  and  the  modern  bridge. 
No  advantage,  too,  was  taken  of  the  rising  ground  immediatelv  behind  it. 
The  idea  seems  to  have  been  to  merely  enclose  a  large  irregular-shaped 
barmkin  with  high  walls  for  the  purpose  of  protecting  the  flocks  and  herds  of 
the  villagers  from  cattle-lifters,  and  nearlv  the  whole  architectural  skill  of  the 
i)uilder  was  lavished  on  the  gate-house.     Dunstanburgh,  Bothal,  Tvnemouth, 

and  Willimoteswyke  are  all  of  them  strongholds 
in  which  the  gate-house  was  made  the  dominant 
feature  of  fortification,  but  at  none  of  thein 
does  a  castle  consist  in  such  a  degree  of  a  gate- 
tower  and  little  more  as  at  Bywell,  and  there  is 
no  reason  to  suppose  that  it  was  ever  intended 
to  be  much  otherwise. 

This  noble  gate-tower,  the  walls  of  which 
are  standing  almost  intact,  is  a  rectangle  of 
about  59  feet  long  by  38  feet  deep.  It  faces 
the  Tyne,  just  sufficient  space  for  a  road 
intervening  between  the  arch  of  the  ivy-clad 
front  and  the  steep  bank  of  the  river.  The 
gate  was  protected  by  a  portcullis,  as  may  be 
seen  from  the  groove,  and  also  by  the  battle- 
ment over  it  being  machicolated.  The  original 
oak  gate  still  remains.  It  is  in  two  halves,  with 
a  small  door  in  the  western.  The  roadway  through  the  tower  is  10  feet 
8  inches  wide.  Towards  the  inner  end  of  the  passage  two  doors,  confronting 
each  other,  open  into  the  large  vaults  that  occupy  the  remainder  of  the 
basement.  The  western  vault  has  a  square  closet  in  the  south-west  corner. 
On  the  west  side  of  the  passage,  close  to  the  jamb  of  the  archway  into  the 
courtyard,  is  the  door  of  the  stair  leading  to  the  first  floor.  This  ancient 
door,  with  its  grated  iron  frame,  is  a  good  example  of  English  workmanship, 
the  uprights  being  all  in  front  of  the  horizontals,  rivetted  and  clasped 
alternately,  and  the  spaces  between  the  perpendicular  bars  being  filled  up 
with  oak  planks.     The  Scottish  mode  of  construction,  it  is  said,  was  to  make 


Dywcll  Caotlc 


6ARONY    OF    BALIOL.  ']'] 

the  bars  interpenetrate  one  another,  and  this  is  adduced  to  show  the  little 
intercourse  that  existed  between  the  two  sides  of  the  border.'  Other 
examples  of  the  English  make  of  grille  are  to  be  seen  at  Corbridge, 
Naworth,  Dalston,  and  Burgh-on-the-Sands. 

The  straight  stair,  behind  the  grille,  ascends  to  a  small  square  landing 
on  the  lirst  floor.  We  enter  a  room  23  feet  2  inches  broad  from  north  to 
south,  and  29  feet  1 1  inches  in  length  to  a  partition  on  the  west  side,  which 
may  or  may  not  be  an  insertion.  There  is  a  window  of  two  cusped  lights, 
unusually  large,  to  the  west  of  the  fireplace,  in  the  north  wall.  In  the  floor 
of  the  recess  of  this  window  the  shaft  of  a  niciirtiierc  threatens  the  head  of 
any  enemy  coming  up  the  stair.  A  similar  perpendicular  window  in  the 
south  wall,  with  a  charming  view  over  the  river,  has  a  smaller  square-headed 
window  on  the  right.  In  the  south-west  corner  of  the  room  is  a  garderobe, 
and  in  the  centre  of  the  west  wall  a  hole  has  been  broken  into  what  mav 
have  been  intended  for  a  window  or  a  chimney.  The  inner  room  entered 
at  the  south  end  of  the  cross  wall  measures  only  17  feet  6  inches  from  east 
to  west.  There  are  a  square-headed  slit  and  a  fireplace  in  the  north  wall, 
while  a  perpendicular  window  of  two  lights  overlooks  the  Tyne,  and  there 
was  once  no  doubt  a  window  in  the  centre  of  the  east  wall.  Both  the 
eastern  angles  are  provided  with  closets.  The  height  of  this  storey  from  the 
original  floor  level  to  the  plain  chamfered  string-course  running  along  the 
north  and  south  walls  was  13  feet  6  inches. 

The  stair  is  continued  by  a  narrow  newel  to  the  second  floor.  This 
was  undoubtedly  occupied  by  a  single  room  nearly  50  feet  long,  with  a 
Perpendicular  window  at  the  west  end  of  the  north  wall,  then  a  fireplace, 
the  head  formed  of  two  converging  stones,  then  another  window,  and  at  the 
east  end  a  fireplace  with  a  roughly-shouldered  head  of  one  stone.  The 
south  wall  has  windows  at  both  ends,  and  there  are  square-headed  windows 
in  the  centre  of  the  east  and  west  walls.  The  north-east  and  south-west 
angles  contain  square  closets. 

Instead  of  ending  in  the  usual  umbrella  vault,  the  newel  stair  is  carried 
up  past  the  roof  level  in  rude  steps  that  come  to  an  abrupt  termination 
against  the  flat  stone  that  covers  in  the  turret.  This  and  the  other  three 
square  turrets  at  each  corner   of  the   building   are   cleverly   converted   into 

'  See  a  paper  on  the  'Iron-Grated  Doors  of  Castles '  by  Dr.  David  Chrisfison  in  tlie  Proceedings  of 
the  Scottish  Society  of  Antiquaries,  1S82-83,  p.  gS,  and  a  paper  on  '  By  well'  by  the  Rev.  B.  E.  Dwarris,  in 
Arch.  Ael.  xi.  p.  17. 


78 


The  parish  of  hywei.i,  st.  teter. 


octagons  by  having  tlieir  battlements  supported  on  Ions;  stones  overhanging 
the  angles.  Thev  are  approached  by  straight  external  stairs  resting  on  the 
east  and  west  main  walls  respectively,  the  battlements  of  which  are  carried 
to  a  great  height  in  order  to  screen  the  stairs.  The  flat  roofs  of  the  turrets 
are  all  pierced  by  iiicurtricres  on  the  three  sides  facing  the  field.  The  main 
building  has  had  a  flat-pitched  roof.  The  battlements  of  the  south  and  east 
sides  are  complete.  Machicolations  project  over  both  the  outer  and  inner 
gateways.  The  embrasures  are  placed  at  3  feet  6  inches  above  the  walk, 
and  are  2  feet  broad  by  2  feet  8  inches  deep.  Both  these  and  the  merlons 
are  moulded  externally  at  the  top.  There  is  a  chimney  shaft  in  the 
thickness  of  the  west  wall.  A  considerable  piece  of  the  curtain  wall,  with 
two  slits  in  it,  is  still  left  between  the  gate  tower  and  the  modern  house  to 
the  east,  the  cellar  of  which,  vaulted  from  north  to  south,  was  the  basement 
of  the  old  gun  house. 

The  following  descent  of  the  familv  of  Nevill  will  illustrate  the  trans- 
mission of  the  barony  of  Bywell  from  the  year  1376  to  1569. 


NEVILL    OF    RABY    AND    BYWELL 

Arms  : — Gules  a  saltire  argent. 


Ralph    de   Nevii.l,  lord  of   Raby  ; 


obtained  the  grant  of  the  reversion  of  barony 
of  Hyweil  after  the  death  of  Mary,  countess 
of  Pembroke  ;  died  5th  .August,  1367  ;  buried 
Durham  Cathedral;  Inq.  p.m.  41  Edw.  III. 
No.  47. 


1336  ^  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Hugh 


de  .Dudley,  and  widow  of 
Ralph,  baron  Greystoke, 
died  I3lh  January,  i37f ; 
Inq.  p.m.  49  Edw.  III.,  pt 
2,  first  numbers,  No.  20. 


Maud,  daughter  of 
of  Henry,  Lord 
Percy  ;  married 
circa  1362  ;  died 
1374  ;  buried  in 
Durham  abbey. 


John   de    Nevill,   lord    of    Raby,  =  Elizabeth, 
knight  of  the  Garter;  was  26  years     I         daughter 
at  his  father's  death  ;  died  at  New-     |         and    heir 
castle,  17th  Oct.,  I  38S;  bur.  in  I)ur-    ^        of  William, 
ham  abbey  ;  will  dated  31st  .Aug.,  Lord 

1386;  Inq.  fi.m.y  12  Ric.  II  ,No.40.  Latimer. 


Margaret,  dau. 
of  Hugh,  earl 
of  Stafford ; 
died  9th  June, 
1370  ;  buried 
Brancepeth. 


Ralph  de  Nevill  of  Raby,  knight  of  the  Garter  ; 
was  24  years  of  age,  12  Ric.  II.  ;  created 
earl  of  Westmorland  in  1398  ;  served  at  the 
battle  of  Agincourt ;  died  2ist  October,  1425; 
buried  Staindrop  ;  Inq.  p.m.  4  Hen.  VI.. 
No.  37  ;  will  dated  18th  October,  1424. 


:=:  Joan  Plantagenet,  daughter  of  John, 

duke   of   Lancaster,  and   widow 

!  of    Sir     Robert    Ferrers  ;     died 

^  1440  ;       buried      at       Lincoln  ; 

named    in    the     Durham     Liber 

li/ae  (p.  122). 


I      I 


Sir  John  Nevill,  son  and  heir,  died  in  1423,  in  his 
father's  lifetime  ;  buried  in  church  of  Grey  Friars, 
London. 


Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Thomas  Holland,  earl  of  Kent; 
marriage  licence  2gth  August,  1394  (')  ;  'J'^d  1422; 
named  in  the  Durham  Li//er  Vilae,  p.  122. 


I     I      1 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL, 


79 


I 


I  III 

Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Henry  =  Ralph  Nevill,  2nd  =  Margaret,  daughter 


Percy  (Hotspur),  widow  of 
John,  Lord  Clifford  ;  con- 
tracted at  Roch  abbey, 
7th  May,  1426  ;  dispensa- 
tion issued  from  Rome, 
30th  Aug.  of  same  year. 


earl  of  Westmor- 
land ;  was  20  yrs. 
of  age,  4  Hen.  VI. 
died  3rd  Nov, 
1484;  Inq.  p.m.  2 
Ric.  HI.,  No.  14. 


of  Reginald,  Lord 
Cobham  ;  buried 
at  Doncaster, 


I 
Sir  John  Nevill 
knt.;  30  years 
of   age,    29 
Henry   VI.  ; 
slain  at  Tow- 
ton,  in  1461, 


An  only  daughter  who 
died  young. 


Anne  Holland,  dau. 
of  John,  duke   of 
Exeter,   and 
widow     of    John, 
Lord  Nevill. 


I 


John,     Lord     Nevill,    only    son,    was  =  Anne,      daughter      of 
slain    at    St.  Albans,    1451  ;    in    his  John  Holland,  duke 

father's    lifetime  ;  will  proved   30th  of    Exeter  ;    she  re- 

March,  1451;  'to  be  buried   in   the  married     her     hus- 

abbey     of     Haute      Emprise,'     co.  band's  uncle. 

Ebor. 


Ralph  Nevill,  3rd  earl  of 
Westmorland  ;  was  28 
years  of  age,  2  Ric.  III.; 
died  6th  February,  1495  ; 
liiq.  p.m.  4  Hen.  VIII., 
No.  40. 


Matilda,  daughter 
of  Sir  Roger 
Booth  of  Barton, 
CO.  Lane,  knight. 


Ralph,  Lord  Nevill,  died  in  his  father's  lifetime; 
buried  at  Brancepeth. 


Edith,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Sandys  of  the  Vine  ;  re-married 
Thomas,  Lord  Darcy,  of  the  North. 


Ralph  Nevill, 4th  earl  of  Westmorland,  K.G.,  grandson  and  =  Catherine,    daughter    of    Edward    Stafford,    duke     of 


heir,  was  two  years  of  age  at  his   grandfather's    death  ; 
died  24th  April,  1549  ;  Inq. p.m.  3  Edw.  VI.  No.  68 


Buckingham  ;      died     May, 
Leonard's,  Shoreditch. 


1553  ;      buried    at     St. 


Anne,  daughter  =  Henry  Nevill,  5th  earl  of  Westmorland,  K.G.,  was 
of      Thomas  26  years  of  age  at  his  father's  death  ;    died  at 

Manners,  earl  Keldholme,    Yorks.,     loth     February,      1564; 

of     Rutland,  buried     Staindrop,     near     his     second     wife, 

first  wife.  Jane  ;  will  dated  l8th  August,  1563  (c)  ;   proved 

1564  ;    Inq. p.m..,  6  Eliz.,  No.  51. 


:  Jane,  dau.  of  Sir 
Richard  Cholmon- 
deley,  and  widow 
of  Sir  Henry  Gas- 
cuigne,  knight, 
second  wife. 


Margaret, dau.  of  Sir 
Richard  Cholmon- 
deley  (and  sister 
of  Jane),  died  2nd 
April,  1570  ((/), 
third  wife. 


1     I     I 


I 
Charles  Nevill,  6th  and  ■. 
last  earl  of  Westmor- 
land, was  21  years  of 
age,  1564;  attainted 
13  Eliz.  ;  died  at  New- 
port in  Flanders,  l6th 
Nov.,  1601,  after  30 
years  of  exile  ^h). 


'Ill  I  .1. 

Jane,      daughter      of  Eleanor,        Catherine, 

Henry  Howard,  earl  mar.    Sir        mar.  John 

of  Surrey,  and  sister  William         Constable 

of      the      duke      of  Pelham,         of  Kirby. 

Norfolk  ;     buried    at  of   New- 

Kenninghall,       Nor-  sted, 

folk,       30th       June,  co.  Line. 

1593  (''')■  ^^ 


I  I 

Mary,  to  whom  Adelina  Nevill  of  Will- 

her  father,  by  ington,  co.  Pal.  ;  to 

his  will,  gave  whom  her  father,  by 

1000       marks  his    will,   gave    1000 

and    £20   per  marks  and  £20  per 

ann.  (f)  ;  died  annum(c) ;  willdated 

circa  1571  (r;).  22nd  March,  1612/3, 
pr.  3rd  April,  1613. 


....  Lord  Nevill, 
son  and  heir, 
died  1571.1 


I     I      I 
Several 

sons 

died 

young. 


Catherine,      married       Sir  Eleanor, 

Thomas  Grey  of  Chilling-  died 

ham  (/'),   at    the    manor-  unmar. 

house   of    Butterby,    7th  before 

Nov.,  15S4  ;  died  s.p.  1604  (ii). 


Margaret,  married  Nicholas 
Pudsey  of  Barforth,  and 
enjoyed  a  pension  from 
Elizabeth     and     James     I. 


Anne,  married 
David  Ingleby 
of  Ripley  (h). 


*  The  above  sketch  of  the  lords  of  the  baronies  of  Bywell  and  Bolbec,  of  the  house  of  Nevill,  is  taken  from  Surtees 
Dur/iam,  vol.  iv.  p.  160,  with  some  details  added  from  (a)  Cal.  Stale  Papers  Dom.,  1547-1580,  p.  410  ;  ((i)  Sharp's 
Memorials  0/  the  Rehellion,  pp.  289-316;  and  (c)  P.R.O.  Exchequer  Decrees  and  Orders,  Series  i.  book  4,  p.  285  ;  and 
((/)  Swallow  De  Nova  Villa,  pp.  55,  124,  137  ;  (.-)  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6637. 

X  Bishop  Pilkington,  writing  to  Lord  Burghley  on  the  23rd  April,  1571,  says  that  intelligence  had  been  brought  by 
William  Lee,  the  chief  man  of  the  late  earl  of  Westmorland,  of  the  deaths  of  the  earl's  eldest  son,  Lord  Nevill,  and  of 
Lady  Mary  Nevill,  the  earl's  sister.      Cal.  State  Papers  Dom.,  1547-1580,  p.  410. 


8o  THE    PARISH    OF    HYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

The  steps  which  liad  been  taken  bv  Elizabeth  to  promote  the  cause  of 
the  reformed  religion  had  not  been  welcomed  in  the  north  of  England, 
where  the  jieople  still  clung  to  the  old  faith,  and  amongst  its  adherent.s 
were  the  two  great  northern  nobles,  Thomas,  earl  of  Nortluunheiland,  and 
Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland. 

Thev  were  known  to  be  in  sympathy  with  Marv,  queen  of  Scotland,  who 
had  fled  into  England  in  1568,  and  with  her  suitor,  the  duke  of  Norfolk,  and,  in 
the  course  of  the  hitter's  examination  after  his  arrest  and  imprisonment  in  the 
Tower,  it  transpired  that  thev  had  been  in  correspondence  with  his 
supporters  in  Spain.  Elizabeth  thereupon  wrote  to  the  earl  of  Susse.x,  who 
was  president  of  the  Council  of  the  North,  at  York,  forwarding  through  him 
a  summons  to  the  two  earls,  requiring  their  immediate  attendance  at  her 
court  in  London.  Thev  were  afraid  to  obev  the  summons  and  refused  to  do 
so.  The  earl  of  Northumberland,  who  then  lay  at  Topclifte,  fled,  on  a  false 
alarm  of  his  intended  arrest  by  Susse.x,  to  the  earl  of  Westmorland  who  was 
at  "Brancepeth,  and  the  two  earls  w-ere  joined  there  by  their  retainers, 
including  three  score  horsemen  out  of  Bywell  lordship,  and  by  many  of  the 
northern  gentry  who  were  attached  to  the  Catholic  religion  and  favoured  the 
claims  of  the  queen  of  Scots. 

At  Brancepeth,  after  much  debate  amongst  those  who  were  so 
assembled,  it  was  determined  to  proceed  with  the  cause  which  they  had  at 
heart.  That  cause,  according  to  an  early  proclamation  of  the  rebels,  was 
'to  restore  the  ancient  customs  and  liberties  of  God's  church,'  but  in  a  later 
reply  to  a  counter  proclamation  issued  by  Susse.x,  they  stated  that  their 
object  Avas  to  determine  '  to  whom  of  meare  right  the  true  succession  of  the 
crown  apperteyneth.' 

On  the  15th  of  November,  the  earls  with  their  forces  marched  to 
Durham,  where  they  overthrew  the  communion  board  in  the  cathedral, 
replaced  its  ancient  altar  stone  and  caused  mass  to  be  celebrated.  To  a 
messenger  from  Sussex,  who  reached  them  there,  they  replied  that  their 
lives  were  in  danger  and  that  they  were  prepared  to  lose  them  in  the  field. 

From  Durham  thev  marched  southward,  leaving  a  garrison  at 
Hartlepool  to  receive  the  support  which  they  hoped  would  reach  them 
at  that  port  from  Philip  of  Spain.  Their  intention  was  to  go  to  Tutbury 
to  release  the  queen  of  Scots  (whom  Elizabeth  promptly  removed  to 
Coventry),    and    then,    either    to    advance    on   London,    or  to   wait    for   a 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  8 1 

movement  in  their  favour  from  the  south.  Thev  were  joined  bv  large 
numbers  of  horsemen  and  men  on  foot  from  Yorkshire,  and  Tvnedale  and 
Redesdale,  but  the  help  which  they  expected  from  the  south  never  came. 
They  had  no  monev  or  means  with  which  to  feed  their  forces.  Behind 
them  troops  were  being  raised  on  Elizabeth's  behalf  in  Northumberland 
by  Sir  John  Forster,  in  Durham  county  bv  Sir  George  Bowes,  and  at  York 
by  the  earl  of  Sussex,  whilst  in  front  an  army  was  assembling  to  march 
against  them  under  Lords  Clinton,  Warwick,  and  Hereford. 

The  earls  were  compelled  therefore  to  turn  back  from  Wetherbv. 
They  successfullv  besieged  Barnard  Castle,  and  having  waited  there  in  vain 
for  help  from  Lord  Dacre  of  Naworth,  thev  again  felt  the  presence  of  their 
advancing  foes  so  stronglv  that  they  disbanded  their  foot  soldiers  at  Durham, 
and  fled  with  their  horsemen  first  to  Hexham,  then  to  Naworth,  and  then 
across  the  border  into  Scotland. 

The  earl  of  Northumberland  was  there  betraved  bv  Hector  Armstronsj 
to  the  regent  Murray,  who  delivered  him  up  for  ^"2,000  to  Elizabeth,  and  he 
was  ultimately  beheaded  ;  but  the  earl  of  Westmorland  found  refuge  in  the 
house  of  Sir  Thomas  Ker,  at  Fernihurst,  and  escaped  to  Flanders,  where  he 
was  pensioned  by  Philip  of  Spain,  and  he  died  there  without  male  issue 
in  1601. 

The  two  earls  and  their  leading  followers  were  attainted,  and  their 
estates  were  forfeited  to  the  Crown — the  Percy  estates  were  given  to  Sir 
Henry  Percy,  Northumberland's  brother,  who  had  remained  loyal,  and  were 
so  preserved  to  that  family,  but  the  Neville  estates  remained  vested  in  the 
Crown,  and  were  from  time  to  time  bestowed  in  parcels  by  Elizabeth  or  her 
successors  on  various  grantees,  through  whom  the  present  proprietors  of 
these  estates  still  derive  their  respective  titles. 

Severe  punishment  was  inflicted  on  the  commoner  people  who  had 
joined  in  the  rebellion.  Manv  hundreds  of  them  were  put  to  death. 
'  Besides  the  exequution  don  in  the  greate  townes,'  writes  the  earl  of  Sussex 
to  Cecil,  '  ther  shal  be  no  towne  where  any  men  went  owt  of  the  towne  to 
serve  the  earles,  and  continued  after  the  pardon  proclaymed,  but  one  man  or 
more,  as  the  bignes  of  the  towne  is,  shall  be  exequuted  for  example,  in  the 
principal  place  of  that  towne.' '  Records  remain  of  the  names  or  the 
numbers  of  the  victims  hanged  by  Bowes  and  Sussex  in  Durham  county  and 

'  Hari.  MS.  No.  6991,  cited  in  Sharp's  History  0/  the  Rebellion,  p.  134. 
Vol.  VI.  II 


82  THE    PARISH    Ol"    HVWKI.I.    ST.    rKTER. 

in  Yorkshire,  but  all  we  know  oi'  those  in  Northumberland  (beyond  the  lew 
names  mentioned  in  the  proceedings  for  attainder)  is  contained  in  a  report 
to  Lord  Huntingdon  from  vSir  George  Bowes,  who  there  states  that,  '  the 
execution  in  Bywell  lordship,  Examshire  and  Northumberland,  which  was 
a  parcel  hereof,  was  appointed  to  Sir  John  Foster,  then  lord  warden,  and 
not  delt  in  by  me  ;  neither  came  there  any  certificate  into  my  hands,  for 
all  things  was  lapt  up  in  haste.' 

Thus  ended  in  calamity  and  suffering  the  last  great  struggle  by  feudal 
lords  in  England,  and  the  last  great  attempt  to  restore  the  Catholic  religion 
by  force  of  arms.  Time,  which  had  left  to  its  two  leaders  their  illustrious 
names,  their  high  traditions,  and  their  vast  estates,  had  robbed  them  of  the 
powers  which  their  ancestors  had  possessed,  and  had  brought  them  face  to 
face  with  a  united  England,  so  strong  in  its  desire  for  internal  peace,  so 
ambitious  to  fill  the  new  fields  which  had  been  opened  for  commerce  at 
home  and  for  daring  enterprise  abroad,  that  it  willingly  sacrificed  anv 
lingering  sentiment  for  the  religion  of  the  past,  in  order  to  crush  a  movement 
which  threatened  to  bring  the  country  under  a  foreign  yoke  and  make  it 
the  spoil  of  strangers. 

At  the  time  of  the  rising  of  the  north  the  baronies  of  Baliol  and 
Bolbec,  and  perhaps  other  of  the  earl  of  Westmorland's  northern  estates, 
were  administered  by  John  Swinburne,  of  Chopwell,  '  a  man  of  daring  and 
active  character,'  who  became  a  principal  leader  in  the  rebellion,  on  the 
failure  of  which  he  fled  first  to  Fernihurst  in  Scotland,  and  from  thence  into 
Flanders,  where  he  became  a  pensioner  of  the  court  of  Spain  ;  his  lands  in 
Corbridge,  Newton,  Apperly,  Emley,  Slaley,  Uukesfield,  and  Black  Hedley 
became  forfeited  to  the  Crown.' 

A  survey  of  the  baronies  of  Baliol  and  Bolbec  which  had  escheated  to 
the  Crown  on  the  attainder''  of  the  earl  of  Westmorland  was  made  on  the 
31st  May,  1570,  by  Hall  and  Homberston,  the  royal  commissioners.' 

The  view  and  surveie  of  the  baronyes  of  Bywell  and  Bulbeck  wyth  all  the  manours,  landes, 
tenements,  graunges,  forestes,  chaces,  and  other  heredytanientes,  to  the  said  baronyes  apperteyning  and 
belongyng,  made  the  last  of  Maye  in  the  xii"'  yere  of  the  reigne  of  our  bovereygne  lady  Elizabeth  by 
the  grace  of  God  of  England,  Fraunce,  and  Ireland  Quene,  Defendour  of  the  Faythe,  &c. 

'  John  Swinburn,  of  Chopwell,  had  a  grant  of  arms  from  William  Harvty,  Norroy,  6  Sept.  155 1. 
Cf.  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  i.  p.  Ixxvi.  ;    vol.  ii.  pp.  276-278. 

-  Statutes  of  the  Realm,  13  Eliz.  cap.  xvi.,  'An  Acte  for  the  confirmation  of  th'  attaynders  of  Charles, 
erle  of  Westnierlande,  Thomas,  erle  of  Northumberland,  and  others.' 

^  Hall  and  Hombcrston's  Survey,  Pub.  Rec.  Office,  vol.  i.  p.  365. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  83 

Bywell  and  Bulbeck  are  two  auncyent  baronyes  and  are  seytuat  in  th'extreme  south  parte  of 
Northumbeiland  betwene  the  ryvers  of  Tyne  and  Darwent  and  albeyt  they  be  joyned  and  mixed 
togethers  yet  are  the  rentes  and  teanauntes  severed  and  knowen  th'one  from  the  others,  and  to  the 
barony  of  Bywell  belongyth  a  forest  of  red  dare,  well  replenyshed  with  game,  which  extendyth  also  into 
the  barony  of  Bulbeck,  and  the  said  two  baronyes  or  lordshippes  are  thus  abbuttaled  ;  that  is  to  say, 
the  lordship  of  Hexam  on  the  west  and  the  lordshippes  of  Prodo  and  Chepwell  on  th'est,  the  ryver  of 
Tyne  for  the  most  parte  on  the  north  and  the  ryver  of  Darw<  nt  on  the  south,  and  conteynyth  in  compas 
twenty  two  myles,  that  is  to  say,  in  lengthe  from  th'est  to  the  west  syx  myles  and  in  bredyth  from  the 
ryver  of  Tyne  to  the  ryver  of  Darwent  fyve  myles,  within  which  two  baronyes  are  many  gentlemen  and 
freholders  which  hold  their  landes  of  the  sayd  baronyes  by  severall  services,  and  are  alweyes  attendaunt- 
upon  the  lordes  of  the  sayd  baronies  in  tyme  of  servyce  when  they  shal'be  therunto  commaunded,  and 
the  ferme  and  tenementes  in  the  sayd  baronyes  are  well  planted  with  coppies  woodes,  for  the 
preservacion  of  the  redd  deere,  and  in  the  wastes  also  are  dy  verse  woodes  and  very  fayre  courcying  with 
grey  houndes,  wherof  one  wood  is  called  Highley  wood  growing  dyspersed  one  mile  and  a  half  from  the 
towne  of  Bywell  towardes  the  west,  planted  with  okes  and  parte  old  byrches  of  iiii^'^  and  c  yeres  growyng, 
conteynyth  c  acres.  One  other  wood  called  Baylyf  wood  on  the  south  parte  of  the  towne  of  Bywell 
and  well  sett  with  byiches  of  fyftie  and  threscore  yeres  growith,  dyspersed  in  dyvers  partes,  conteynyth 
iiii""  acres,  and  one  other  wood  called  Through-deane  in  Estwood  which  was  a  large  wood  conteynyng 
by  estimacion  cxl  acres,  and  was  all  old  byrche  and  fallen  aboute  xxx  yeres  past,  and  never  mclosed,  by 
reason  wherof  the  spryng  was  utterly  destroyed,  yet  are  ther  byrche  spronge  up  ageyn  of  the  veary 
nature  of  the  soyle  in  greate  plentye  so  as  in  proces  of  tyme  ther  wilbe  a  woode  of  byrche  ageyn. 

The  towne  of  Bywell  ys  buylded  in  lengthe  all  in  one  streete  upon  the  ryver  or  water  of  Tyne,  on  the 
northe  and  west  parte  of  the  same  and  ys  devyded  into  two  severall  parysshes  and  inhabyted  with  handy 
craftesmen  whose  trade  is  all  in  yron  worke  for  the  horsemen  and  borderers  of  that  countrey  as  in 
makyng  byttes,  styroppes,  buckles,  and  suche  othere,  wherin  they  are  very  experte  and  conyng,  and  are 
subject  to  the  incursions  of  the  theaves  of  Tyndale,  and  compelled  wynter  and  somer  to  bryng  all  their 
cattell  and  sheepe  into  the  strete  in  the  night  season  and  watche  both  endes  of  the  strete  and,  when  th' 
enemy  approchith,  to  raise  hue  and  cry  wherupon  all  the  toune  preparith  for  rescue  of  there  goodes 
which  is  very  populous  by  reason  of  their  trade,  and  stoute  and  hardy  by  contynuall  practyse  ageynst  th' 
enemy.' 

'  The  order  of  the  watch  in  the  lordship  of  Bywell  in  the  year  1552  was  as  follows  : 

The  watch  at  the  rack  of  lielden  to  be  watched  nightly  with  two  men  of  the  town  of  Newbygyn, 
Kirksyde,  Cowbrye,  Wynsheleye,  Croukley  (Cronkley),  Byrkynsyde  and  Blake  Heydleye. 

The  watch  at  Langley  racke  to  be  watched  nightly  with  two  men  of  Unthank,  Genelshawghe, 
Browntshellhaughe,  Doromfield,  Crokayke  (Crooked-oak),  Snodspolerawe  and  the  Burne-mylne. 

The  watch  at  Newbrigrake  to  be  watched  with  two  men  nightly,  of  the  inhabitants  of  Newlands, 
Fatherleyes,  Farle,  Waskerleye,  Wenhaull  (Winnoshill)  Panysheles,  Shotlayfield,  Shotley-brigg  ;  setters 
of  these  three  watches  or  passages,  George  .'\rmestrong  and  Athony  Ledelle  ;  overseers,  Thoinas 
Elrington,  Anthony  Ratclyft'and  Anthony  Carnebye. 

The  watch  at  Aperly  ford  to  be  watched  with  two  men  nightly,  of  the  inhabitants  of  Sheley 
(Slaley),  Dukesfiekl-haull,  and  the  .Stele-haull. 

The  walch  at  Byersunk  to  be  watched  with  two  men  nightly  of  the  inhabitants  of  Helley,  WoUer, 
(Wolley)  Anhenton,  .Staull  (Steel)  Colepyttes  ;  setters  and  searchers  of  these  two  passages,  Robert  Hurd 
and  William  Carr  of  the  west  end  of  Slekeye  (Slaley). 

The  watch  at  Shelford  to  be  watched  nightly  with  two  men  of  the  inhabitants  of  Ley,  Ryding  and 
Bromely. 

The  watch  at  Smart-rake  to  be  watched  nightly  with  two  men  of  the  inhabitants  of  Milk'  (Mickley), 
Bromehaugh,  JShelforthe,  Menstrakers  and  the  Botehouse  ;  setters  and  searchers,  William  Heron  and 
Harry  Armstrong  ;  overseers,  Richard  .Swynburn  and  John  Hurde. 

The  watch  at  Lynel  ford  to  be  watched  nightly  with  two  men  of  the  inhabitants  of  Heydley,  Rydley, 
.Stokfield-haull,  Eltiingham,  Malesheles,  .Mailecote-waules,  Shele-haull  and  the  common. 

The  watch  at  Sheysters  to  be  watched  nightly  with  two  men  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  township  of 
Bywell. 

The  watch  of  Little  Shelden  to  be  watched  nightly  of  the  inhabitants  of  Berle  and  Newtone. 

The  watch  at  Matfen-waies  to  be  watched  nightly  with  two  men  of  the  inhabitants  of  Styford,  Newton, 
Newton-hall  and  Acum  ;  setters,  Hugh  Brown  and  Richard  Harrison  ;  overseers,  Thomas  Swinburn 
and  Edwarde  Lawsone,     Nicolson,  Bonier  Laws  (ed.  1747},  p.  169. 


84  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

To  the  barony  of  Bywell  belongith  the  fysshing  of  sahnon  of  the  water  of  Tyne  in  lengthe  thre  myles 
which  is  a  great  coniodite,  and  great  plenty  of  sahnon  taken,  and  a  danine  or  bay  over  the  ryvcr  inade 
very  strong  of  late  yeres  for  preservacion  of  the  said  fishing. 

Also  in  Bywell  toune  on  the  north  syde  of  the  1  yver  of  Tyne  th'  auncestours  of  th'  erle  of  Westmorland 
buylded  a  faire  towre  or  gate  house  all  of  stone  and  covered  with  leade,  nieanyng  to  have  procedcd  further, 
as  the  foundacions  declare  heyng  the  heyght  of  a  man  above  the  ground,  which  were  never  fynyshed  and 
the  said  towre  is  a  good  defence  for  the  towne  and  will  sone  decay  yf  yt  be  not  mayntened. 

The  barony  of  Bywell  extendyth  into  the  townes  and  hamlettes  of  Bywell  Saynt  Peter,  Bywell  Saint 
Andrew,  Aeon,  Newton,  Ovyngton,  Mekeley,  Bromley,  Newlandes,  Rydley  Nova,  Styfford,  Spyryden, 
and  Cyssynhope  ;  and  the  barony  of  Bulbeck  extendith  unto  the  townes  and  hamlettes  of  Broomehaugh, 
Ryddyng  in  le  Lye,  Shotley,  Slaylye,  and  Mynstreacres,  all  which  townes  and  ham'ettes  are  very  well 
inhabyted  with  men  of  good  servyce  and  have  very  good  fermes  and  hable  to  kepe  much  cattell,  and  yet 
plenty  of  come  and  hay,  were  yt  not  for  the  contynuall  robryes  and  encursions  of  the  theves  of  Tvndall 
whiche  so  contynually  assalt  them  in  the  nyght  as  they  can  kepe  no  mo  cattell  then  they  are  hable  to 
lodge  eyther  in  house  or  like  savety  in  the  nyghtes,  and  all  the  tenauntcs  hold  their  landes  by  indenture 
for  terme  of  yeres  which  are  verj'  fynable  when  their  leases  are  expyred. 

The  lord  of  the  sayd  baronyes  hath  the  leete  within  all  the  lymyttes  of  the  same  and  all  weyfes, 
estreyes,  felons  goodes,  amercyamentes,  and  all  other  royalties,  casualties,  and  profittes  rysyng  or 
growyng  by  reason  of  the  leete. 

Sir  John  Forster  was  appointed  bailiff  and  receiver  of  the  issues  of  the 
barony  of  Bywell  and  the  lordship  of  Bolbec  by  letters  patent,  12th  July, 
1 57 1,  at  the  yearly  fee  of  £6  7s.  during  the  queen's  pleasure.' 

At  the  muster  of  the  Middle  Marches,  taken  on  the  Mootlaw,  26th 
March,  1580,  loi  men  presented  themselves  from  Bvwell  lordship,"  and  at 
a  similar  muster  taken  at  Stagshaw-bank  on  the  24th  November,  1595, 
before  William  Fenwick  and  otht-r  commissioners,  out  of  76  light  horsemen 
contributed  bv  Bvwell  and  Bulbec,  no  less  than  74  had  their  horses 
disallowed  ;  83  others  v/ho  should  have  been  present  were  absent.'  Lord 
Eure  petitioned  the  queen  for  the  removal  of  '  one  Carnaby,'  who  at  this 
time  was  bailiff  or  deputy  bailiff  of  Bywell,  alleging  that  he  and  other 
petty  officers  were  'infected  with  combination  or  toleration  of  theeves,''' 
and  on  the  26th  December  of  the  same  year  Eure  wrote  to  Burghley 
that  Sir  John  Forster,  who  was  bailiff  of  Bywell  bv  the  queen's  grant, 
would  not  let  him  have  corn,  hay,  or  straw  for  '  anie  monev '  for  his 
necessary  provision.'  Two  years  later  Eure  removed  William  Shafto,  in 
consequence  of  his  evil  behaviour,  from  his  office  as  deputy  to  Sir  John 
Forster,  and,  with  the  latter's  consent,  appointed  Cuthbert  Katclyffe,  a 
'true  gentleman  for  theft,   or  favouringe  of  theft. '' 

In  a  comprehensive  survev  made  by  Bartholomew  Haggatt  and  George 
Warde    in    1608,    under    an    order    of    the    Court    of   Exchequer,    the    two 

'  Cal.  Border  Papers,  Bain,  vol.  ii.  p.  55.  "  Ibni.  vol.  i.  p.  21.  ''  Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  73. 

*  Ibid.  vol.  li.  pp.  56,  58.  '  Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  90.  "  Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  330. 


BARONY    OF    BALIOL.  85 

lordships  of  Baliol  and  Bolbec,  for  the  purpose  of  the  survey,  were  treated 
as  one  baronv.  The  barony  '  consisteth  of  these  partes,  viz.,  Biwell 
bayliwicke,  Newton  greaveship,  Acombe  greavshipp,  Ovington  mannor, 
Shotley  greavship,  Slalev  greavship,  Newbiggin  greavship,  Ridley  greavship, 
Mickley  greavship,  Stiforde  greavship,  Bromley  greavship,  Ridinge  Leigh 
greavship,  Bromhaugh  greavship." 

Freehoulders  that  doe  Suit  and  Service  within  the  Baronie  of 
biwei.l  and  buli'.ecke,  160s. 

John  Lawsoii,  of  Bywell,  Nicholas  Earle,  of  Bywell,  and  Wilham  Foster,  of  Bywell ;  Michael  Walton, 
for  Newton,  John  Harrisson  and  Thomas  Wilkenson,  of  Neuton  ;  Cuthberte  Heron,  for  Stelling-  ; 
Marmaduke  Fenwicke,  of  Offington,  and  all  the  reste  of  the  inhabitants  ther;  Gilberte  Newton,  for 
Stockesfield,  Merresheeles  and  Hcaley  (?)  ;  John  Jobelinge,  of  Mickley,  Stephen  Thompson,  of 
Mickley,  Arthur  Lumbley,  of  Mickley,  Roger  Newton,  of  Mickley,  Rowland  Newton,  of  Mickley  ; 
Cuthbert  Newton,  of  New  Ridley,  George  Boutflower,  for  Hendley,  Henry  Robson  ;  Thomas  Newton, 
for  Bromley,  Thomas  Augood,  of  Bromley  ;  John  Lawson,  for  Heley,  William  Backster,  for  Faderley  ; 
Richard  Newton,  of  Eltringham ;  Richard  Teasdale,  of  Slaley,  John  Fairebecke,  of  Slaley ;  Henry 
Robson,  of  Hindley;  Thomas  Middleton,  for  the  HoUrawe;  John  Hall,  of  Wasckerle ;  Thomas  Maire, 
of  Panchells  ;  Gawine  Redshaw,  of  the  Snodes,  John  Wilkinson,  of  Linges  Loninge,  Nicholas  tlopper, 
of  [Black]  Hedley;  Cuthberte  Richeson,  of  the  Comon  Crewke ;  George  Wilkinson,  of  Berkenside  ; 
all  these  are  freeholders  that  owe  suit  and  service. 

The  whole  barronie  of  Biwell,  with  divers  neighboringe  townes,  pay  by  auncient  custome  unto  the 
castle  of  Bywell'  for  wardinge  and  cornage  yeerely  the  sum  of  £()  7s.  2d.,  viz.,  the  priorie  of 
Hexham,  13s.  4d.;  the  towneshippes  of  Harnham  and  Shortflatt,  41s.;  Riall,  17s.  3d.;'  Blackheden.gs.  7d.; 
Halliwell,  4s.  8d.  ;  Hurste,  i5d.  ;  Lynmouth,  5s.;  Seaton,  12s.;  Ellington,  7^d. ;  Cresswell,  7^d. ; 
Woodhorne,  I5d.  ;  Bitchfield,  7s.  ild.  ;  Gonerton,  5s.  lod.  ;  Bearle,  25s.;  Newton-hall,  4s.  7d.  ; 
George  Lawson,  for  Bywell,  13s.  4d.  ;  Acombe,  I5d.  ;  Ridley  and  Hindley,  6s.  8d.  ;  Slalye,  los.  ; 
Ovington,  Ijd.  ;  Eltringham,  1 5d.  ;  Mickley,  ijd.  ;  Bromley,  I5d.  ;  Bromehaugh  and  Leigh,  I4d.  ; 
which  money  is  yeerlye  paide  unto  the  hands  of  the  sherifFe  of  Northumberland,  but  whether  he 
accompteth  for  the  same  or  no  wee  cannot  certifie.^ 

The  following  persons  were  presented  as  '  wasters  and  spoylers  '  of  the 
king's  woods  at  Bvwell  :  Sir  William  Bowes,  knight,'^  had  felled  80  acres 
of  oak  and  birchwood,  the  value  of  which  amounted  to  ^,'100  'at  least'  ; 
George  Dawson,  farmer  of  the  mills  and  fishery  had  felled  124  oaks,  and 
'  made   the   tenantes  bringe  them  from  the  wood  down  to  the  damme    bv 

'  Land  Revenue  OfBce  Surveys,  vol.  xlii.  p.  43. 

"  As  to  Bywell  vicontell  rents,  see  Exch.  Deposit,  42'"'  Report  uf  Deputy  Keeper  of  Public  Records, 
app.  p.  298. 

'  l6s.  3d.  in  Survey  of  1570.  '  Land  Revenue  Office  Surveys,  vol.  xlii.  p.  43. 

^  A  lease  of  certain  woods,  called  the  Baliff  wood,  17  acres,  Heyley  and  Streete  (?)  woods,  60  acres, 
and  Tysden  wood,  5  acres,  all  in  the  chase  or  manor  of  Bywell,  was  granted,  nth  April,  1597,  to 
Pulford  and  Biggs  for  the  term  of  21  years.  The  lessees  assigned  their  lease  to  Sir  William  Bowes, 
knight,  against  whom  300  persons  of  the  queen's  tenants  within  the  lordship  exhibited  a  petition  that  he 
had  hindered  tliem  '  from  their  rightful  hedgebote,  plowebote,  waynebote,  and  firebote,'  and  that  he 
had  cut  down  '  timber  trees,  oak  saplings  and  staddles' leserved  to  the  queen.  Exchequer  Decrees  and 
Orders,  series  i.  book  28,  p.  338.     Exchequer  Special  Commissions,  14  James  L  No.  4363. 


86  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWELI.    ST.    PETEF^ 

compulsion  '  ;  Gerard  Heron  had  felled  32  timber  trees  ;  Robert  and 
George  Bowes,  gents.,  had  felled  in  the  woods  at  l^lack  Hedlev  as  nuich 
oak  wood  and  birchwood  as  was  worth  ^^"40  and  upwards,  the  former  had 
also  felled  other  timber  10  the  value  of ^6  13s.  4d.;  Henry  Foster  'under 
coloure  of  repairinge  his  house'  had  felled  12  timber  trees  'but  hee  sold 
6  of  them  awav.'  The  surveyors  conclude  their  report  with  the  following 
observations  : 

'There  is  standinge  at  the  easle  end  of  the  toune  of  Bywell,  upon  the  north  side  of  the  river  of 
Tyne  the  walles  of  a  faire  large  and  highe  tower,  but  the  lead  all  taken  away  within  these  .xvi  yeeres  by 
one  Anthony  Felton,  gent.,  by  what  warrant  we  knowe  not.  .A.nd  since  the  takinge  away  of  the  sayd 
leade  the  tymber  is  all  rotten  and  most  of  it  fallen  to  the  ground.  -Soe  as  at  this  present  ther  is  noe 
parte  of  it  habitable  or  fitte  either  to  keepe  his  majesiie's  courlt-leetes  in  for  the  whole  niannor,  or  for  any 
other  service. 

Item.  There  is  reasonable  good  store  of  underwoode  within  the  sayd  mannor  of  which  his  majestic 
might  make  some  yeerly  benefitt  but  hath  none  at  this  present.  .'Mso  ther  is  in  some  parte  of  the  mannor 
divers  small  tymber  trees  of  oake  and  saplinges  that  in  shorte  tyme  would  proove  good  tymber  if  they  be 
suffered  to  stand.  But  it  appeareth  unto  us  that  greate  wastes  have  been  committed  even  of  late  yeeres 
under  coloure  of  repairinge  a  damme  or  weire  for  upholdmge  the  mills  and  fishinges  at  Bywell  aforesayd 
and  repairinge  of  the  tenants'  houses  and  tenementes  within  the  mannor  without  any  juste  or  good 
warrant  for  ought  that  appeareth  unto  us,  save  tliat  every  tenante  is  limitted  by  his  lease  to  have  greate 
tymber,  when  neede  shall  require,  by  assignment  of  somme  of  the  king's  majesties  officers  ther.  And  also 
housbote,  hedgbote,  fierbote,  ploughbote,  and  cartbote  without  assignnient  of  any  officer. 

Item.  There  hath  bene  a  forrest  of  redd  deare  within  the  sayd  barrony  well  replenished  with  game 
within  ther  .x.-^x''"  5'eeres  and  lesse,  now  utterly  destroyed,  but  by  whose  means  it  appeareth  not  unto  us.' 

The  mills  and  fishery  of  Bvwell  had  been  cjranted  bv  a  lease  dated 
27th  March,  1562,  to  John  Swinburn,  the  earl  of  Westmorland's  com- 
missioner, to  hold  for  the  period  of  fifty-seven  years.  By  a  sublease  dated 
2nd  November,  1562,  Swinburn  granted  a  moietv  of  the  mills  and  fishery 
to  Richard  Hodgson'  of  Newcastle,  merchant  and  alderman,  who  by  his 
wilP  dated  ist  March,  1581/2,  gave  the  same  to  his  two  sons  William  and 
Richard,  who  conveved  to  William  Riddell,  esq.,  and  George  Bertram, 
gent.  The  lease  of  the  other  moietv  was  assigned  bv  Swinburn  to  Sir 
John  Forster,  who  in  Easter  term,  1598,  e.xhibited  a  bill  in  the  Court  of 
E.xchequer  against  Roger  Newton  the  elder,  Christopher  Newton,  Ralph 
Newton,  John  Newton  the  elder,  Gilbert  Newton,  and  others,  who  in  a 
riotous  manner  armed  with  staves  and  swords  were  alleged  to  have  broken 
open  the  locks  of  the  dam  and  to  have  intruded  '  into  her  majesty's 
possession  of  a  free  fishery  in  the  river  of  Tyne  '  and  of  a  weir  or  dam 
across  the  said  river  at  Bulbeck  otherwise  called  Bywell.     In  their  defence 

'  Exch.  Records,  40  and  41,  Eliz.  No.  S9.  -  Durhajn  Wills,  Greenwell,  p.  115  ;  Siut.  Soc.  No.  38. 


BYWELL    TOWNSHIP.  87 

the  defendants  claimed  to  be  entitled  to  a  moietv  of  the  dam  and  lock 
and  to  part  of  the  fishery  as  appertaining  to  their  freehold  estates  of 
Stocksfield-hall,   Merryshields  and  Eltringham.' 

There  were  further  proceedings  in  1604,  when  an  injunction  was  awarded 
to  Sir  William  Fenwick  (Sir  John  Forster's  son-in-law  and  assignee)  and 
Barbary  Riddell  and  George  Bertram  (the  assignees  of  Richard  Hodgson) 
for  the  quiet  and  peaceable  possession  of  the  whole  fishery  of  the  whole- 
water  of  the  Tyne  from  By  well  dam  to  Ovingham  burn  (except  the  south 
part  of  the  beforesaid  water  to  the  midst  of  the  stream  from  Stocksfield-hall 
burn  to  the  foot  of  Merryshields  haugh)  against  Robert  Newton  and  others,^ 
In  1608,  Sir  William  Fenwick  held  one  moiety  and  Peter  Riddell  and 
others  the  remaining  moiety  of  the  two  water  corn  mills  at  Bywell,  a 
small  '  clocke  '  mill  at  the  end  of  the  town,  and  a  free  fishery  for  salmon 
under  the  terms  of  the  unexpired  lease  of  1563  ;  the  value  of  the  premises 
was  then  stated  to  be  ^100  a  year  over  and  above  the  reserved  rent  of 
£2>}  On  the  expiration  of  the  long  lease  of  16  ig,  the  fisheries  on  the 
foreshores  of  the  several  manors  reverted  to  the  grantees  of  those  manors. 
On  the  9th  May,  1610,  James  I.,  by  letters  patent,  granted  to  Edward 
Ferrars  and  Francis  Phillips,  Bywell  mills  and  the  free  fishery  in  the 
waters  of  the  Tyne  within  the  lordsliip  of  Bywell  part  of  the  barony  of 
Bywell.  Finally,  on  the  15th  September,  1629,  the  barony  of  Bywell, 
with  the  free  rents  of  Acomb,  Newton,  etc.,  was  granted  by  letters  patent 
to  William  White,  William  Stevenson  and  John  Parkinson.  This  grant 
forms  the  root  of  the  title  of  the  present  proprietors  of  Bywell. 

THE  VILL  OF  BYWELL  AND  THE  TOWNSHH^  OF 
BYWELL  ST.  PETER. 

The  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  comprising  an  area  of  18,698  acres, 
extends  from  the  river  Derwent  (which  in  this  place  divides  the  counties 
of  Durham  and  Northumberland)  northward  for  a  distance  of  twelve 
miles  from  the  junction  of  Beldon  burn  to  Shildon  hill,  not  far  from  the 
Roman    Wall.       Its    townships,    which    are    enumerated    on    page    14,    are 

'  Exchequer  Depositions  by  Commission,  Easter  Term,  41  Eliz.  No.  34;  Exchequer  Decrees  and  Orders 
series  i.  book  25,  p.  66. 

-  Exchequer  Rec.  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  339.  '  Land  Revenue  Office  Surveys,  vol.  xlii.  p.  43. 


88  THE    I'ARISII    OF    HVWKI.l.    ST.    PETER. 

nuich  iiilcniiinglcd  with  ihosr  ol  the  sister  parish  of  St.  AndrLW  aiul 
barony  of  Bolbec.  In  the  township  of  Bywell  St.  Peter'  are  situated  the 
church,  the  castle,  and  the  homestead  called  Peepy.  Bv  an  order  of  tlie 
Local  Government  Board,  dated  20th  December,  1886,  the  township,  which 
comprised  1098  acres  (inclusive  of  208  acres  in  five  detached  portions), 
was  added  to  the  townships  of  Newton.  Newton-hall,  and  to  a  newly 
created  township  called  Bywell. 

On  one  of  these  detached  portions'  there  is,  at  Shildon  hill,  a  large 
entrenched  camp.  It  is  upon  the  top  of  the  hill,  the  shape  of  which  may 
have  occasioned  the  oval  figure  of  the  encampment  ;  its  dimensions  are 
about  160  paces  bv  100  paces.  The  ditch  has  been  deep,  and  the  ramparts 
considerable,  with  a  ragged  descent  from  them  on  the  western  side, 
but  the  slope  of  the  eastern  side  is  more  gradual,  owing  to  the  action  of 
the  plough.^  In  1760  a  small  silver  cup,  probablv  washed  down  from 
Corbridge  in  a  spate  of  the  Tvne,  was  taken  up  bv  an  angler,  from  whom 
it  was  reclaimed  by  the  lord  of  the  manor.  It  weighed  si.x  ounces,  and, 
in  shape,  was  like  a  pepper  caster,  being  4  inches  in  height,  2^  inches 
in  diameter  at  the  broadest  part,  and  1/0  inches  at  the  bottom  ;  on  a 
fillet  it  bore  the  following  inscription,  in  raised  letters  :  desideri  vivas. 
It  is  not  known  whether  it  is  in  existence.^ 

In  an  inquisition  taken  at  Bywell  on  the  I2th  November,  1268,  it  was 
found  by  the  jurors  that  Sir  John  de  Baliol,  knight,  had  died  seised  of  the 
moiety  of  the  vill  of  Bywell  held  in  chief  of  the  king  ;  there  were  180 
acres  of  demesne  land  worth  lod.  an  acre,  and  16  acres  of  meadow  worth  i6d. 
an  acre  ;  the  mills  were  worth  £10  13s.  4d.  There  were  three  free  tenants, 
Ely,  son  of  William,  who  held  40  acres  worth  6s.  a  year  ;  William,  son  of 
Osbert,  and  Thomas,  son  of  Hawise,  each  of  whom  held  24  acres  and  paid 
2s.  6d.  and  4  horseshoes  or  2d.  Two  bond  tenants  held  24  acres  and  paid 
I  OS.  each.  Thirty-eight  acres  which  had  been  purchased  by  the  lord  from  his 
two  free  tenants  were  worth  24s.  a  year.  Thomas  the  grieve  held  above  one 
acre  and  for  ferm  paid  2s.  2^d.  There  were  19  cotters,  ten  of  whom  held  an 
acre  of  land  with  his  cottage,  the  rents  of  which  amounted  to  49s.  yd.     The 

'  The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,  199;  1811,  164;  1821,  174;  1831,  172;  1841,  182;  1851,130; 
1861,94;  1871,132;  1881,  128;  1891,203.  'Ihe  reconstructed  or  civil  township  of  Bywell  comprises 
1645  acres.  .  -^^^^  annexed  to  and  included  in  the  township  of  Newton-hall. 

''  Horsley,  Briliiniii,i  Roinann,  p.   142  ;   Sir  David  Smith,  Cumps  and  CiislUs,  vol.  iv. 

'  Wallis,  Northumlicrlami,  \ol.  i.  ]).  151 ;   lirand,  Nnccastk  (where  the  cup  is  figured),  vol.  i.  p.  60S. 


BYWELL    TOWNSHIP.  89 

brewery  produced  4s.  and  the  value  of  the  vill  of  By  well  at  the  time  was 
_^  24  13s.  3|d.'  Ten  years  later  the  water  mill  and  fishery  were  worth 
£2^  13s.  4d.  and  the  homage  and  services  of  the  tenants  were  worth 
_^  14  13s.  3d.  and  4  lbs.  of  pepper."  About  this  time  Alexander  de  Baliol 
and  Alianora  his  wife  purchased  an  acre  of  land  at  the  end  of  the  dam 
of  Bywell  from  Adam  son  and  heir  of  Gilbert  de  Stocksfield/  and  he  was 
defendant  in  an  action  touching  common  of  pasture  at  Bywell  broughf 
by  John  the  dyer  {te\nturcr).^  In  1282  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham 
obtained  a  sentence  against  John  de  Balliol  for  the  tithes  of  the  mill  and 
fishery  of  Bywell  which  he  had.  refused  to  pay.^ 

A  storv  preserved  in  the  chronicle  of  Lanercost  is  chiefly  of  value  from 
its  incidental  disclosure  of  the  position  of  the  village  at  the  end  of  the 
thirteenth  century.  At  the  funeral  of  the  bailiff  of  the  Lady  de  Valence, 
widow  of  Hugh  Baliol  II.  on  Fridav,  the  22nd  June,  1285,  whilst  the  corpse 
was  being  carried  to  the  burial  and  the  familv  were  preparing  the  funeral 
feast  in  his  house  at  the  west  end  of  the  village,  a  fire  broke  out,  the  flames 
fanned  by  a  strong  west  wind  ran  along  both  sides  of  the  street,  and  the 
service  was  scarcely  ended  before  the  large  and  beautiful  churches  of  St. 
Peter  and  St.  Andrew  were  burnt."  Five  years  after  this  occurrence  Thomas 
de  Normanville  the  escheator  was  ordered  to  take  into  his  hands  all  the 
manors  and  lands  which  had  formerly  belonged  to  Devorguil  de  Baliol.^  At 
the  same  time  the  king  refused  a  petition  made  to  him  to  grant  wood  from 
the  '  hayning  '  in  the  barony  of  Bywell  for  the  bridge  at  Corbridge.* 

In  1294,  Robert  de  Corbrigg  of  Bywell,  outlawed  for  the  death  of 
Richard  '  le  tayllour,'  received  a  pardon  for  his  crime,  testimony  having 
been  made  to  the  king  that  his  son,  John  de  Corbrigg  of  Bywell  had 
offered  of  his  own  free  will  to  go  to  Gascony  in  the  company  of  Edmund, 
the  king's  brother,  in  the  king's  service." 

'  /«(/.  p.m.  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43;  cj.  Cal.  Doc.  Rcl.  Scotlami,  vol.  i.  p.  498. 

''  Inq.  p.m.  6  Edw.  I.  No.  5  ;  cf.  Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  31. 

'  Diir.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  ;  cf.  Hodgson,  Northiimbcrlaiui,  pt.  ii.  vol.  ii.  p.  48. 

*  Cal.  Pat.  Rolls,  6  Edw.  I.  m.  26;  47th  Report  of  Dep.  Keeper  of  Pub.  Rcc.  p.  179. 

>  Durham  Treasury,  Cart  Sacrist,  92  Hunter  MS.  29. 

"  Quin  duas  ecclesias  parochiales  niagnas  et  pulchras,  unani  Sancti  Petri  ubi  terrae  traditus  est,  et 
alteram  Sancti  Andreae,  vorax  flamma  vastaverit,  combustis  omnibus  intro  repertis.  Et  quia  ventus 
veliemens  incre\erat,  traiisivit  tlumen  adjacens  globus  flammeus,  et  duas  villas  ad  dimidium  distantes 
leucam  in  favillam  redegit.     Cbronicun  de  Lanenoit,  p.   119;  cf.  Bonier  Holds,  vol.  i.  p.  374. 

'  Abb.  Rot.  Orig.  18  Edw.  I.  p.  63. 

'  Chancery  File,  bundle  92  ;  Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  ii.  p.  2S6.  °  Cal.  Pat.  Rolls.  22  Edw.  I.  p.  96. 

Vol.  VI.  12 


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7i 

go  THE    PARISH    OF    HYWEI.I.    SI'.    I'ETliK. 

HvwELL  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

Sunima  bonoriim  Thomae  de  Mattefen 
„  Hugonis  Brun 

„  Hugonis  filii.  praepositi 

„  Johannis  de  Ullesby 

„  Willelmi  Ruter  

„  Clementis 

„  Johannis  de  Bredfoid 

Siimma  hiijiis  villae,  £iZ  13s.  4d.     Unde  domino  regi,  23s.  iijd.  {sic). 

The  value  of  the  manor  of  Bywell  in  the  year  1296  was  ;^32  17s.  io|d.' 
Two  years  later,  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland  was  ordered  to  furnish  a 
certain  number  of  oaks  from  the  woods  of  Bywell  to  William  de  Felton," 
to  repair  certain  houses  at  the  Heugh,  near  Stamfordham  ;  and  on  the  23rd 
October,  1300,  the  king,  being  at  Dumfries,  issued  another  order  to  the 
sheriff  for  the  payment  of  ^15  17s.  3d.  to  certain  carpenters,  for  felling 
oak  in  the  Bywell  woods  to  provide  timber  for  engines  and  for  carriage 
the  same  both  by  land  and  water  to  Berwick-on-Tweed.'  In  1299,  Cecilia, 
daughter  of  Elvas  de  Bywell,  widow,  granted  certain  land  at  Bvvvell  to 
John  de  Ullesbv.^ 


Simon  de  Waskerleye,  6s.  Sd.;  Hugo  capellanus,'  3s.  4d.;    Johannes   Barret,  4s.  ;    Waherus  fiHus 
Hugonis,    5s.  ;    Robertus  de   Bat.    3s.  ;    Johannes    de    Carliolo,   5s.   4d.  ;     Kicardus  de   Ditlonsall,    3s. 
Willehnus  Unttint,  2s.  7d.     Summa  32s.  iid. 

Further  demands  were  made  on  the  Bywell  woods  in  1336  when  William 
de  Scurueton,  the  countess  of  Pembroke's  bailiff,  was  ordered  to  deliver  12 
oaks  for  divers  works  in  the  castle  of  Newcastle,"  and  20  oaks  for  repairing 
and  for  the  construction  of  a  drawbridge  to  the  tower  at  the  west  gate  of  that 
town.' 

A  survey,  now  partly  illegible,  made  at  the  beginning  of  the  fifteenth 
century,  is  preserved  at  the  Public  Record  Office  : 

'  E.xtent  of  lands  in  Northumberland  held  by  Scotsmen.  Ciil.  Doc.  Illitstrcitivc  of  the  Hist,  uf  Scut. 
Stevenson,  vol.  ii.  p.  48. 

-  Close  Rolls,  27  Edw.  I.  m.  ig;  Cal.  Doc.  Kcl.  Scot.  ii.  p.  267. 

■  Liber.  Rolls,  28  Edw.  I.  m.  i  ;  Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  ii.  p.  295.         '  Din-.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  246. 

'  23rd  April  1340.  John,  son  of  Richard  le  taylour  of  Naustedis,  conveys  to  Hugh,  son  of  Richard 
de  le  Syde  of  Corbrigs,  chaplain,  residing  in  ISywell,  all  his  lands  and  tenements  in  the  vill  and  held  of 
Bywell  which  he  had  by  gift  of  his  father  Richard  le  talyour.  Local  Muniments,  Bell  MSS.  ArcJt.  Act. 
new  series,  vol.  i.  p.  24. 

Cal.  Close  Rolls,  10  Edw.  Ill,  m.  43,  p.  541.  '  Ibiit.  10  Edw.  111.  m.  32,  p.  571. 


BYWELL    TOWNSHIP. 


91 


Tenants  in  Bywell,  1414.  ' 


Rent. 

Rent. 

Tenant. 

Hold.n 

s. 

d. 

Tenant. 

Holding. 

s. 

d. 

John    [illegible] 

I  messuage 

6 

acres 

0 

8 

John  Reeshell 

I     cottage     'sine  terrae' 

-» 

0 

Gidius'  [    „     ] 

^         )» 

6 

)) 

0 

8 

John  Bywell 

^         )»                    )» 

2 

0 

[illegible] 

^         » 

12 

j> 

I 

4 

Alice  Blackburn 

I 

2 

0 

„       ] 

I         11 

60 

i» 

6 

0 

John  Horslay 

I                )»                                   M 

2 

0 

V           ] 

'         )) 

6 

n 

I 

0 

James  Taillour 

' 

2 

0 

[       „       ] 

'         1) 

3 

roods 

0 

I 

[Illegible]  Hayron 

I        „            [illegible] 

2 

0 

William  [illegible] 

^            n 

24 

acres 

10 

0 

William  Lowry 

2        „            [      „      ] 

4 

0 

Robert  Bew 

I            )» 

24 

)i 

9 

0 

Thomas  Jakes 

I         „             held  freely 

0 

1 

[Illegible]  Smyth 

^            )i 

'' il 

ii 

10 

0 

Robert  ISow 

7  acres  called  Shortbuttes 

.> 

0 

John  Thompson 

I     cottage 

)T 

3 

4 

William  Lowry 

1 2  acres  called  Alexander 

Gidius  Oiyll 

'         »» 

)j 

2 

6 

land 

3 

4 

John  Archer 

^         ji 

?) 

3 

0 

Ibtdeiii 

the    meadow   called    '  le 

William  Lawson 

*                     51 

>i 

4 

0 

Crokmedow' 

0 

6 

William  Cowper 

'                     J) 

1) 

2 

5 

Ibidem 

1  croft       

0 

8 

Thomas  Monkton 

I                     )1 

)i 

2 

6 

Ville  de  Bywell  habent  in  tenura  terras 

John  Ledale 

1                     )T 

'sine  terrae' 

3 

4 

dominicales 

£3 

I 

3 

Mem.  quod  herbagium  manerii  quolibet  termino  reddit  per  annum  ii'  modo  in  manu  domini  nunc 
dimittitur  vacario  pro  ii". 

Summa  £^  7s.,  inde  de  libera  firma,  gs.  lod. 

An  imperfect  survey'  of  Bywell,  made  in  1525,  is  also  preserved  in 
the  Public  Record  Office.  It  is  there  stated  that  three  persons  held  free 
tenements  in  Bywell,  viz.,  John  Lawson,  Robert  Erie,  and  Thomas  Nevyll, 
who  respectively  held  at  the  free  rents  of  13d.,  8d.,  and  8d.,  and  that  lands 
belonging  to  the  chantry  paid  a  free  rent  of  i6d. ;  Thomas  Baytes  paid  a 
rent  of  _^io  for  the  mills  at  Bywell  and  Ridley,  and  he  enjoyed  a  lease  of 
the  millstone  quarry ;  Robert  Kent  paid  a  rent  of  3s.  4d.  for  the  ferry  at 
Bywell,  and  John  Stamp,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  paid  a  rent  of 
8s.  ofd.  for  15  acres,  described  as  three  quarters  of  a  tenement,  which  had 
been  enjoyed  by  his  predecessors. 


Tenant. 
John  and  Cuthbert  Robinson 
Richard  Horseley  ... 

Nicholas  Skelton     ... 
John  Nicholson 
William  Lessheman 
Robert  Nicholson   ... 
George  Hyne 


Tenants  in  Bywell,  1525. 

Holding. 

I  messuage  ... 

I  tenement  and  certain  land  called 
half  a  land 


i  husbandland 
I  cottage  and  |  husbandland 
I  cottage  and  j  husbandland 
I  tenement  and  2  husbandlands  ...     Thomas      Hyne 

father 


Late  Tenant. 

s. 

d. 

Robert  Belley 

...       12 

I  I 



8 

oi 

John  Skelton... 

...     24 

4 

— 

5 

4* 

— 

4 

■oi 

— 

6 

0 

his 


23     4 


P.  R.  O.  Rentals  and  Surveys,  portfolio  J^. 


P.  R.  O.  Rentals  and  Surveys,  portfolio  Ji|. 


92 


THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I,    ST.    PETER. 


Tenant. 

Nicholas  Lawson    ... 

John  Gates  ... 

Alexander  Hewnie... 

Philip  Hcwme 

Matthew  Davyson  ... 

Agnes,  widow  of  William  Taillour 

Henry  Foderley 

William  Dawson     ... 

Robert  Taillour       

John     Forster,     chaplain,    Isabel, 

widow    of  Thos.     Forster,    and 

John  Forster 
Nicholas  and  Ro^er  Newton 
Cuthbert  Newton    ... 

Robert  Kent 

David  Loksmyth     ... 

John  Hewme 

Thomas  Todd,  chaplain    ... 

Marian,  widow  of  Thomas  Newton 

Elizabeth,  widow  of  John  Jenyn  ... 

Simon  Horseley 

John  Fewter 

Price  of  28 

Price  of  31 

Farm  of  one  close  late  in  the 


Tenants  in  Bywell,  1525. 

Holding 
I  tenement  and  i  husbandland    ... 
i  husbandland 
I  husbandland 
I  husbandland 
I  cottage  and  husbandland 
I  husbandland 
J  husbandland 

1  tenement  and  i  husbandland    ... 
I  cottage  and  j  husbandland 
I  cottage,    I    husbandland,  and   a 

parcel     of     meadow     called 

Grefies  medowe 

part  of  le  Halgarth  

I  close  belonging  to  the  tenants  of 

Halgarth 

ftage, 
I  cottage 
I  cottage 
I  cottage 


Late  Tenant. 

Rent. 

s.     d. 

Lawrence  Hyne 

12 

If 

John  Brown 

5 
5 

4i 
4h 

Lionel  Foster 

10 

13 

9 
5i 

the  said  Wm.  Taillour 

S 

o| 

Robert  Robynson 
Wm.   Raytes 

2 

14 

8| 
0 

— 

10 

9 

the  said  Isabel 

II 

4* 

the  said  Nicholas 


James  Loksmyth 
John  Hunt 

Edward  Ersden,  chap- 
lain ... 


I  cottage 

I  cottage 

I  cottage 

I  cottage 
bolls  and  i  bushel  of  oats  yearly 
hens... 
tenure  of  John  Hopper,  i6d.  yearly,  now  lyin 


John  Browne . 


25     4 


waste,  to  no  profit. 


The  vill  of  Bywell  contributed  si.xteen  able  men  furnished  with   horse 
and  harness  to  the  muster  of  1538. 

BvwELL  Muster  Roll  153S. 

Georg  Down,  Robert  Necolson,  Philop  Hown,  Henry  Fawdle,  John  Nicolson,  Edmund  Davison, 
Christofer  Lawson,  Edwerd  Robynson,  Nycolles  Lawson,  Willin  Hunter,  John  Foster,  (jeorg  Dawyson, 
Robert  Howme,  Matho  Dawison,  Robert  Dayhon,  Edwerd  Horsle  ;  able  men  with  hors  and  harnes.' 


Tenant. 

Matthew  Yon? 


George  Doon  ... 
Edward  Hume 
Henry  Nycholson 
John  Tomson  ... 


Leasehold  Tenants  in  Bvwell,  i  570. 

Holding. 

I  tent,  edificatum  cum  omnibus  domibus  de 
super  edificatis  ac  cum  uno  clauso  pasture 
continen.  octo  acr.  et  x.xii  acr.  terre  arrabile 
in  comunibus  campis  de  Bywell  predicta  tent, 
per  nomen  unius  tenement! 

I  tenement,'''     &c.,        9    acres     of     arable     land 


Yearly  Rent. 


14 

>4 


I 

ID 

10 

0 

7 

4* 

0 

10 

10 

0 

12 

8 

0 

T3 

0 

Anil.  Ael.  vol.  iv.  4to  series,  p.  177. 


'  held  as  one  cottage.' 


BYWELL    TOWNSHIP. 


93 


Tenant. 

Thomas  Browne 
John  Wylde     ... 
Edward  Horsseley 
James  Taylour 
Christopher  Davyson 
Robert  Hewme 
John  Davyson 
Mathew  Foster 

John  Lyssheman 
Wilham  Lawson 
Edward  Robynson 
Edward  Lawson,  gent 


George     Pate     [sic)      and 
Blaise  Bate 


Holding. 

I  tenement,  &c. 

lO 

'                )' 

7 

^               u 

8 

^                        if 

15 

'                        )» 

14 

I                                   M 

4 

^                                  )) 

7 

I               „       (called 

the  Kylne  howse) 

14 

I  tenement 

4 

I                              !) 

14 

^                    n 

M 

I                    1) 

7 

acres    of    arable    land 


Yearly 
£     s, 
o     8 

Rent, 
d. 
0 

o 
o 

5 
8 

5 

o 

13 

Si 

o 

13 

5 

o 

5 

I 

o 

7 

4 

o 

18 

8 

o 

4 

10 

o 

12 

1 1 

o 

12 

1 1 

o 

8 

5 

(with  pasture  for  4  oxen) 
a  stone  quarry  for  millstones  in  Bywell  lordship      0134 


Sum 

...     ^10 

7 

6|  (sic)' 

Cottage  Tenants  in  Bywell, 

1570. 

Yearly  Rent. 

Tenant. 

Holding. 

£ 

s. 

d. 

Margaret  Doome    ... 

...     I  cottage,  garden,  etc 

held  at  the  lord 

s  will     0 

3 

0 

James  Buirell 

...     I  shop     

)» 

0 

0 

5 

Thomas  Fotherley... 

...     I  cottage,  garden,  etc 

)5 

0 

2 

0 

Alice  Kent,  widow ... 

...     I  cottage, garden, etc., 'passagio' 
with  boat,  4  butts  (selio)  of 

land  in  the  common  field 

)) 

0 

8 

0 

Thomas  Clugh 

...      I  cottage,  garden,  etc 

it 

0 

-) 

0 

Anthony  Foster 

...     I  cottage,  garden,  etc.,  and   4 

acres  of  arable  land 

li 

0 

5 

10 

William  Robynson... 

...     I  cottage,  garden,  orchard,  etc. 

It 

0 

-> 

n 

Thomas  Locksmyth 

...     I  cottage,  garden,  orchard,  etc. 

)J 

0 

-7 

10 

Izabell  Horsley 

...      I  cottage,  garden,  orchard,  etc. 

» 

0 

2 

I 

William  Hewme     ... 

...      1  parcel  of  a  cottage     

)» 

0 

0 

6 

Margaret  Locksmyth 

widow     I  cottage,  a  butt  of  land 

held 

by 

lease 

...     0 

2 

8 

.Sum 


£1   n 


As  in  the  thirteenth  century  so  in  the  si.xteenth  the  village  of  Bywell 
seems  to  have  comprised  one  long  street  of  two  rows  of  houses,  one  of  which 
possessed  yards  or  gardens  sloping  to  the  river.  The  houses  extended  from 
the  castle  on  the  east  to  a  point  considerably  west  of  the  two  churches. 
The  village  was  largely  inhabited  by  smiths  and  workers  in  iron,  who  were 
probably  in  the  first  instance  attracted  to  the  place  by  the  abundance  of 
fuel  provided  bv  the  extensive  oak  woods  which  surrounded  the  place. 


'  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey. 


■  Ibid. 


94  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

'Shops  in  the  vii.l  of  Bvwf.i.i. '  hf.ld  'at  the  will  of  the  lord,'  1570. 

W'illi.im  Hewme,  Thomas  Taylour,  Margaret  Locksmyth,  widow,  George  Hewme,  James  Taylour, 
James  Locksmyth,  Henry  Nicollcs,  Henry  Foster,  Thomas  Clugh,  John  Wylcle,  Thomas  Cluyh,  WilMam 
Robynson,  and  Thomas  Locksmyth,  each  one  shop  and  Edward  Kobynson  two  shops.     Sum  5s. 

There  were  two  free  tenants,  Robert  Erie  and  Matthew  Foster,  each  of 
whom  held  a  tenement,  orchard,  and  four  acres  of  land  in  the  common  field 
by  charter,  military  service,  and  the  payment  of  a  free  rent  of  8d. 

On  the  7th  June  1576,  in  consideration  of  the  payment  of  a  fine,  a 
twenty-one  years  lease  was  granted  to  William  Pattenson  of  13  tenements 
in  the  vill  and  fields  of  Bywell,  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  the  attainted 
earl  of  Westmorland;  they  were  then  in  the  possession  of  various  tenants  at 
rents  varying  from  4s.  lod.  to  30s.  lod.  Pattenson  covenanted  'to  serve  the 
queen  well  and  faithfully  in  the  north  parts  from  time  to  time  when  need  is, 
by  himself  or  by  sufficient  able  men  with  horse  or  horses  and  in  warlike 
apparel  when  he  is  commanded  or  called  bv  the  warden  or  lieutenant 
according  to  the  custom  of  the  countryside,  and  he  or  sufficient  able  men 
shall  inhabit  the  said  tenements,  and  shall  at  their  own  cost  dig  and  make 
dikes,  hedges,  and  "  le  quick-set"  round  the  premises  as  shall  be  ordained 
from  time  to  time  by  the  discretion  and  ordnance  of  the  steward  of  the 
court  or  other  the  queen's  commissioners."  It  was  evidently  intended 
from  the  conditions  of  the  lease  that  Pattinson  should  sublet  the  various 
tenements  each  to  its  occupant. 

On  the  1 2th  November  following,  a  lease  was  granted  for  a  term  of 
years  to  Sir  Francis  Russell,  knight,  of  two  tenements  then  in  the  occupation 
of  Henry  Nicholson  and  Thomas  Brown  respectively,  and  of  a  number  of 
houses  or  shops  in  the  vill  of  Bywell  in  the  several  tenures  of  William 
Hewme,  Thomas  Taylor,  Margaret  Locksmyth,  George  Hewme,  James 
Taylor,  James  Locksmyth,  Henry  Nicholles,  Henry  Foster,  Thomas  Clughe, 
John  Wilde,  Thomas  Clughe,  William  Robynson,  Edward  Robynson,  and 
Thomas  Locksmyth,  all  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  the  earl  of  Westmorland 
attainted.' 

The  freehold  lands  in  Bywell,  which  in  1570  belonged  to  Robert 
Erie  and  Mathew  Foster,  were  held  in  1608  by  Thomas  Earle  and  William 
Foster,  each  of  whom  paid  a  free  rent  of  8d. 

'  Pcil.  Rolls,  18  EHz.  pt.  3.  ■'  Ibid.  18  Eliz.  pt.  5. 


BYWELL    TOWNSHIP. 


95 


Leasehold  Tenants  in  Bvwell,  1608. 


Tenant 

John  Younge... 

Tene 
nient 

I 

Arable 

•     land. 

.\cres. 

24 

Meadow 
Acreb. 

8 

.  Beast- 
gates. 

15 

Former  Tenant. 
Mathew   Younge   his 

Date  of  Lease 

under 
Letters  Patent 

Rent, 
s.       d 

bey 

Value 
Dnd  rent, 
s.     d. 

George  Winshipp  to 

theuse 

father          

iS  July, 

1596 

30 

10 

4 

0 

0 

of  young  Wm.  Harrison     I 

•4 

6 

8 

Christopher  Davison 

»» 

13 

S 

-> 

0 

0 

Ibhi. 

I 

8 

■7 

5 

George  Dunne 

H 

7 

4^ 

I 

6 

8 

Edward  <}reene 

I 

•4 

4 

8 

Edward  Hume 

1) 

10 

10 

I 

10 

0 

Henry  Nicholson 

...      I 

16 

6 

6 

John  Nicholson 

JJ 

12 

8 

I 

15 

0 

Wilham  Ashton,  clerk          i 

12 

4 

7 

Thomas  Browne 

11 

8 

0 

I 

6 

8 

John  Wilde 

I 

7 

4 

4 

John  Wilde  his  grand- 

father            

6  Oct.  I 

602 

5 

5 

I 

0 

0 

Ralph  Newton 

I 

14 

6 

8 

Mathew  Foster 

2  June, 

1608 

18 

8 

2 

'3 

4 

George  Nicholson 

I 

4 

1 

-2 

John  Lishman 

6  Oct. 

602 

5 

0 

0 

15 

0 

William  Lawson 

I 

14 

6 

8 

William    Lawson   his 

grandfather 

11 

12 

II 

I 

13 

4 

Edward  Robinson 

I 

14 

4 

8 

Edward  Robinson,  his 
father           

n 

12 

1 1 

, 

'3 

4 

William  Hume 

I 

S 

4 

4 

Edward  Lawson 

J) 

8 

6 

I 

6 

8 

John  Taylor   ... 

I 

'5 

6 

8 

James  Taylor  his  father 

u 

13 

51 

2 

0 

0 

Edward  Davison 

I 

8 

4 

5 

John  Davison  his  father 

M 

7 

4 

I 

4 

0 

William  Dawson 

I 

14 

4 

8 

John  Thompson 

1 601 -I 

602 

14 

0 

2 

0 

0 

Edward  Hume 

1 

4 

li 

4 

Robert  Hume  his  uncle 

6  Oct. 

1603 

5 

I 

0 

16 

John  Wilkinson 

I 

8 

4 

5 

Edward  Horsley 

8  Aug. 

1607 

8 

8 

I 

4 

0 

Some  t 

3tal  of  the  yee 

rlie  rentes  of  Biwell  township,  j 

£9  1 8s.  I 

id. 

Tenant. 


COTTAGE  Tenants,  holding  by  Lease,  in  Bvwell,  1608. 

Late  oeciipier.  Holding. 


Bartholomew  Kente       Alice  Kent,  his  grand-       l  cottage,  etc.,  ferry  boat  and  4  rigges 


mother 
Gilbert  Newton       ...     William  Kent 
John  Locksmith       ...     Thomas      Locksmith 

his  father 
Edward  Robinson  ...     William  Robinson  his 

uncle 
Thomas  Lockie,  aUa^  — 

Locksmith 


John  Hume  ... 
John  Foster... 

George  Hume 

Janet  Cloughe 

George  Lawson 
Thomas  Lumbley 


Isabel  Horsley 

Anthony     Foster     his 
grandfather 

Thomas  Fotherleye  ... 

Thomas    Cloughe  her 

husband 
William  Hume 
Margaret  Dunne 


of  land 
I  close     ... 
I  cottage  and  i  acre,  3  horse  and  cow 

gates 

I       „  I  rigg  and  i  cow  gate... 

I        ,.  3  riggs 

I  „  I  rigg,  I  horse  gate  and 
I  cow  gate 

I        „  4  acres  arable  land,  i\ 

acres  ineadow  and  5 
beast-gates   ... 

I        „  I  rigg,  I  horse  gate  and 

I  cow  gate    ... 

I        „  I  rigg,  I  horse  gate  and 

I  cow  gate    ... 

a  parcel  of  a  cottage     ... 

a  meadow  close  called  Nixe  meadow 
(3  acres) 


Value 

Rent,  bevond  rent. 

s.     d.  s.      d. 

So  16     8 

20  40 

2   10  6     8 

22  46 

28  6     8 


22  40 

5  10  13     4 
40  10    o 

20  34 

06  14 

30  6     8 


Sum  total  of  cottagers' rents         /^i    '5     - 


96  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWKI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

Thf  manor  of  nywcll,  wliiL-h  in  i(mU  had  Ixxii  clL-inistd  to  tnistces  for 
the  bciielit  of  Charles,  prince  of  Wales,  was  granted  in  1629  to  Sir  Allan 
Apsley  and  Stephen  Alcock  whose  assigns  the  following  year  conveyed  it 
to  Sir  John  Fenwick  of  Wallini^non,  who  pnrchased  in  tnist  for  his  half 
brother,  Roger  Fenwick  of  Shortttat.  The  latter  died  voung  and  was 
succeeded  by  his  son,  William  Fenwick  of  Shortflat  and  Bywell,  on  the 
sequestration  of  whose  estate  for  delinquency  Sir  John  Fenwick  of 
Wallington,  in  a  petition  addressed  to  the  committee  for  compounding 
cases,  on  the  23rd  December,  1651,  claimed  to  be  entitled  to  the  mills 
and  fishery,  which  he  stated  he  had  purchased  in  the  year  i6oy  from 
George  Ward  and  Robert  Morgan.^  A  chancery  suit  followed,  in  which 
William  Fenwick  obtained  a  decree  in  his  favour,  and  on  the  14th 
November,  1657,  Henry  Horsley,  Luke  Killingworth,  and  others,  were 
ordered  by  the  lord  protector  to  put  him  into  possession  of  the  contested 
premises.^  In  1663,  William  Fenwick  of  Bywell,  esq.,  was  rated  at  ^.^140 
for  Bywell  town  and  demesne,  and  at  ^80  for  the- mills  and  fishery;  he 
also  possessed  Acomb  and  Acomb-hall,  Shortflat,  and  lands  at  Mickley, 
South  Middleton,  etc. 

Bywell  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665.= 

William  Fenwick,  esq.,  6  chimneys;  Mr.  Bradley,  Peter  Forster,  John  Newton,  Alexander  Wilson, 
Mr.  Hall,  minister,  Bartho.  Kent,  each  2  chimneys;  Thomas  Mallabarr,  Nicholas  Lawson,  Widdow 
Winshopp,  George  Parker,  William  Forster,  Thomas  Taylor,  each  one  chimney. 

On  the  death  of  William  Fenwick,  in  17 19,  his  estates  came  to  his 
two  daughters  and  co-heiresses,  Isabella,  wife  of  William  Wrightson,  and 
Margaret,  wife  of  John  Fenwick  of  Stanton  and  Brinkburn,  who,  with 
their  respective  husbands,  effected  a  partition  by  indentures  of  lease  and 
release,  dated  9th  and  loth  June,  1724.  The  estates  at  North  and  South 
Middleton,  Mickley,  Hall-yards,  Merryshields,  Birchesnook,  Bate-house, 
Lyndeen  alias  Skipperline,  Hasicks,  Shoecroft,  Cherryburn,  Stocksfield- 
house,  Wheel-birks,  New  Ridley,  Brough-house,  and  Raw-house  were  given 
to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wrightson,  together  with  the  sum  of  ^"5,300  to  be  paid 
by    Mr.    and    Mrs.    Fenwick,^    to    whom    were    given    Bywell    and    Acomb, 

'  Com.  for  Comp.  vol.  86  G.  p.  287,  and  Ciil.  Com.  for  Comp.  pp.  2487-S. 

-  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'W. '  395.  '  Subsidy  Roll,  ^gg. 

'  Mr.  John  Fenwick  obtained  by  letters  patent,  dated  25th  July,  19  George  II.,  an  Exemplification 
under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  grant  of  Bywell  as  set  out  in  the  Patent  Rolls  of  15th  -September,  5  Charles  I. 
Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  Deeds.  Bywell  mills  were  granted  by  letters  patent,  dated  i8th  May,  1609, 
to  Edward  Ferrers  and  Francis  Philips,  both  of  London  {Put.  Rolls,  7  Jas.  I.  pt.  16),  who  on  the  24th 
August  following  sold  and  conveyed  the  same  to  Geo.  Ward  and  Robert  Morgan  of  London. 


^1 


BYWELL    TOWNSHIP.  .97 

and  lands  at  Broomley,  Fairly-may,  Foster-close,  Myers,  Hindley-steel, 
Rochester- foot,  Eastwood-house,  Ovington,  Nafferton,  etc.  On  the  nth 
November,  1780,  a  resettlement  of  the  Bywell  estates  was  made,  previous 
to  John  Fenwick  going  abroad,  by  which  they  were  charged  with  the 
payment  of  his  debts,  amounting  to  ;2^2000,^  and  to  an  annuity  of  ^400  to 
be  paid  him  during  his  father's  lifetime,  to  be  increased  to  ^500  after  his 
father's  death;  subject  to  these  charges  the  estates  were  settled  upon  the. 
younger  son,  who  bore  his  father's  name  of  William. 

William  Fenwick,  unmindful  of  the  claims  of  his  kinsmen  to  his  and 
their  patrimonial  inheritance  by  his  will  dated  May  24th,  1802,  gave  his 
real  and  personal  estate  to  his  widow,  who  for  her  second  husband  married 
the  Rev.  Septimus  Hodson,  of  Thrapston.  The  estate  was  sold  by  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Hodson  for  the  large  sum  of  ^132,000  and  conveyed  13th  October, 
1820,  to  Mr.  T.  W.  Beaumont,  grandfather  of  the  present  owner,  Mr. 
W.  C.  B.  Beaumont. 

Very  little  is  known  of  the  ancient  bridge  of  Bywell.  In  the  edition 
of  Camden's  Britannia  published  in  1637,  it  is  stated  that  beneath  the 
castle  '  there  is  a  very  goodly  weare  for  the  catching  of  salmons,  and  two 
solid  piles  of  most  firme  stone,  which  in  time  past  supported  the  bridge, 
stand  up  in  the  midst  of  the  river.'"  An  observer,  writing  in  1825,  notes 
that  on  the  two  piers  there  was  no  spring  of  arches,  and  infers  that  the 
superstructure  must  have  been  of  wood.^  The  piers,  which  stood  near 
the  dam,"*  remained  until  August  loth,  1836,  when  they  were  blown  up 
by  a  charge  of  gunpowder,  on  the  same  day  on  which  the  foundations  of 
the  new  bridge  were  laid.*  The  latter,  a  noble  structure,  erected  farther 
down  the  river,  was  built  at  the  sole  cost  of  Mr.  T.  W.  Beaumont. 

'     Either  this  John  Fenwick  or  his  father  William  Fenwick  was  the  owner  of 'Duchess,'  whose  match 
at  Newmarket  is  celebrated  in  a  tune  set  for  the  Northumberland  pipes.     AH  the  words  are  lost  except — 

'  Fenwick  o'  Bywell's  off  to  Newmarket, 
He'll  get  there  or  we  get  started.' 
C/.  Norlhiimberlaiid  Minstrelsy,  Bruce  and  Stokoe,  Newcastle  See.  of  Anticfuaries,  1882,  p.  171. 

"  Camden,  Britannia,  tran.  Harland,  ed.  1637,  p.  808. 

°  Mackenzie,  Nortliumberland,  vol.  ii.  p.  351. 

'  Bywell  dam  was  taken  down  in  July,  1862.  '  Sikes,  Local  Records,  vol.  iii.  p.  61. 


Vol.  VI,  13 


98 


THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 


FENWICK    OF    BYWELL. 

Arms  :  Per  f ess  gules  and  argent,  six  marl/els  counterchanged. 

Crest  :   Out  of  flames  a  phoenix  proper  winged  argent,  gorged  with  a  ducal 


crown  purpure. 


Dugdale's  Visitation  of  NorthumlerlanJ,  1666. 


Ror.ER  Fenwick  of  Shortflat  and  Bywell,  third  son 
of  Sir  William  Fenwick  of  Wallington  {d)  ;  had  under 
his  father's  will  a  moiety  of  the  mills  and  fishings  of 
Bywell,  a  moiety  of  Hawick  and  the  tithes  of  North 
Middleton  (d)  ;  died  at  Gibside,  23rd  Feb.,  1635/6  ; 
buried  1636  (Ji) ;  Inq.  p.m.,  14th  April,  1636  ; 
adm.  of  personal  estate  7th  February,  1635/6 ; 
inventory,  2nd  May,  1636  (0). 


Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir 
William  Blakiston  of 
Gibside ;  married  26th 
February,  1626/7  W  I 
living  a  widow  7th 
February  1635/6  (^)  ; 
re-married  Thos  Wood- 
all  {ad). 


.1 

U  illiam    Fenwick   of  Bywell,  son   and  heir,  =  Catherine,    dan. 

was  at  the  age  of  6  3'ears,  27  weeks,  and  4  of  Christopher 

days  at  his  father's  death  ;  a  '  delinquent '  I       Hall  of  News- 

in    1654  ;    in   1663  was  rated  for  lands  at  j       ham,   co.   Dur- 

Shortflat,  South  Middleton,  and  B)'well((/);  1       ham  ;  liv.  1675 

will  dated  2nd  June,  1679  ;  pr.  1680  (0).  (/). 


Roger  Fenwick  took 
lands  at  Bolam  under 
his  mother's  will  ; 
buried  at  Meldon  5th 
May,  1669  (O  ;  died 
s.p. 


Margaret,    under 
agfe     in      1 636 

Mary,  under  age 
in  1636  (rf). 


William  Fen- 
wick, son  and 
heir,  living 
5th  April, 
1659 ;  died 
s.p.  (x). 


I 
Margaret,  sister  of  Sir  =  Sir  Robert  Fenwick  of  By-  =  Elizabeth,    daughter   of   Sir    R.    Graham    of 

Richard  Graham  of  ...  ..  - 

Netherby,  bart.(»:); 
post-nuptial  settle- 
ment 27th  Sept., 
1679  (  v)  ;  first  wife. 


well,  knight ;  baptised 
8th  April,  1668  (</)  ; 
knighted  at  Windsor, 
17th  May,  1683  (m)  ;  sold 
Shortflat  6th  Dec,  i6go 
((/)  ;  buried  ..    1 691  (a). 


Norton  Conyers,  bart.  (x)  ;  was  3  years 
of  age  in  1665  (k)  ;  she  re-married  i8th 
May,  1704,  Nicholas  Burton,  clerk,  head 
master  of  Durham  School  (w)  ;  she  was 
buried  3rd  Nov.,  1744,  at  St.  Marj'-le-Bow, 
Durham  {w). 


Roger  Fenwick  of  London 
(x),  to  whom  his  father, 
by  deed  dated  25th 
Sept.,  1677,  gave  lands  in 
Bolam  (if)  ;  part)'  to  deeds 
27th  Sept.,  1679  (v),  and 
29th  Oct.,  1689  (/). 


Maud,  daughter 

of Davis, 

alderman  of 
London,  and 
widow  of  Sir 
Thomas  Grene 
of       Cheshire 


I 

Christopher  (.v), 
party  to  deed, 
27th  Septem- 
ber, 1679  (r); 
named  in  his 
father's  will  ; 
[?  buried  Pen- 
rith] (.v). 


I      I 
Roger,  died  young  {x). 
Isabel,  daughter  and  heir, 


aged  16  years  in  1730  (i). 


Edward  Fenwick  (1),  party  to  deed, 
27th  September,  1679  (  r)  ;  named 
in  his  father's  will ;  in  16S4  joined, 
with  his  brothers  Robert  and 
Roger,  in  a  deed  to  entail  Bolam 
upon  the  said  Roger,  with 
remainder  to  the  said  Edward,  and 
remainder  to  the  said  Robert  (</)  ; 
party  to  deed  29th  October, 
1689  (/)  ;  buried   6th   M.ay,    1715 


Ludowick  (x),  party  to  deed, 
27th  Sept.,  1679  iy)\ 
named  in  his  father's 
will  ;  '  president  of  the 
English  Benedictine  Corle 
or  congregation '  (.r). 


Ill 
Anne,  died  unmarried  ;  bur.  Bywell  (x). 

Elizabeth,  died  s.p. ;  bur.  Bywell  [x). 

Katherine,  sole  executrix  to  her  father's 

will  (0)  ;    died   unmarried  ;    buried   at 

Clerkenwell  (.v). 


I     I     1 
Thomasine,  an  EngHsh  Austin  nun  {x). 
Mary,     an     English    Austin     nun,      '  now 

upon  the  rota  for  canonization  '  (x). 
Dorothy,  married  Charles  Turnour,  eldest 

son  of  Sir  Charles  Turnour,  knight  and 

godson  of  Charles  II.  (y). 


(a)  Bywell  St.  A  ndrew  Register. 
(«)    Whickham  Register. 
(c)   P'oster,  Admissions  to  Gray's  Inn. 
(</)  Hodgson,   Northumh/rland,   pt.    i 

vol.  i.,  pp.  335-370. 
(^)  Foster,  Alumni  Oxonienses. 
(/)  Surtees  Durham,  iii.  207. 
(g)  Abstract  of  Title  to  Brinkburn, 


(0  Gyll's  Diary. 

(y)  2  William  and  Mary,  cap.  15. 

{t)  Newcastle  Courant,  4th  Oct.,  1760. 

(/)  /6id.  25  th  March,  1769. 

(w;)  Le    Neve's    Knights,    Harl.    Soc. 

vol.  viii.  p.  378. 
(«)  Newcastle  Courant.  3rd  April,  1824. 
(0)   Durham  Probate  Registry. 


{p)  Miss  Hedley's  Deeds  and  Abstracts, 
{rf)  Bell  Collection  at  Alnwick  Castle. 
(;•)  Mr.  J.  C.  J.   Fenwick's    long   Fram- 

lington  Deeds. 
{/)  Hexham  Register. 
(/)   Gentleman's  Magazine. 
Iti)  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  i.  p.  71. 
(k')  Durham  Cathedral  Register,  Harl.  Soc. 


Sywell  township. 


99 


I 

Edward  Fen- 
wick,  capt. 
R.N.,'blown 
up  at  sea ' 
(r). 


William,  bap- 
tised Dec, 
1703  (a)  ; 
died  in  in- 
fancy ;  bur. 
15th  Dec, 
1703  («). 


Susanna,  daughter 
of  John  Bacon  of 
Staward  ;  bapt. 
at  Allendale,  i8th 
January,  16S1  ; 
married  at  Hay- 
don,  29th  Decem- 
ber, 1698  ;  post- 
nuptial settle- 
ment, 2nd  April, 
1703  iy)  ;  bur. 
1714  («)• 


William    Fenwick    of    Bywell  ;  =  Elizabeth,    daughter    of    Roger 


voted  for  lands  in  Bywe 
i7ioand  1715  ;  high  sheriff  of 
Northumberland,  1713  ,  bur. 
14th  October,  1719  («)  ; 
administration  to  his  per- 
sonal estate,  2nd  March, 
1720  (0). 


" -^  ,  ^ --  Q 

Fenwick  of  Stanton  ;  she  was 
living  at  Morpeth  a  widow,  2 1  si 
July,  1727,  wlien  she  joined  in 
the  sale  of  Bolam  (rf)  ;  party 
to  a  deed  nr  1736  ;  died  at 
Morpeth,  2  7th  September,  1769, 
aged  62  years  (^). 


...  mar.  ... 
Lowther  of 
Swillington 
(v). 


r 


Elizabeth,   baptised    Ijth   October,    17 1 7    («)  ;     married    Edward   Ward   of 
Morpeth  (k)  ;  bond  of  marriage,  4th  Jan.,  1739. 


Robert,  bur.      Isabella,  eldest   daughter  and    co-heir  ; 
7th   Nov.,  baptised  20th  June,  1700  (a)  ;  married 

1704  (ii).  WiUiamWrighton,  M.P.  for  Newcastle; 

knight  of  the  shire  for  Northumber- 
land 1723  ;  bond  of  marriage,  19th  Oct., 
1721  ;  party  to  deed  of  partition  of 
estates,  loth  January,  1724  (  v). 


Margaret,  second  daughter  and  co-heir  ; 
baptised  4th  April,  1702  (a)  ;  married  John 
Fenwick  of  Stanton  ;  bond  of  marriage,  14th 
Jan.,  1719(1');  articles  before  marriage,  4th 
Jan.,  17 19  ;  married  2Sth  Jan.,  I7I9(«)  ;  post- 
nuptial settlement,  i6th  and  17th  Dec,  1724  ; 
buried  loth  June,  1727  (a). 

n1^ 


Margaret,  young- 
er daughter 
and  co-heir  of 
William  Fen- 
wick of  Bywell, 
first  wife. 


John  Fenwick  of  Stanton  and  Brinkburn  ;  bapt.  24lh  Feb,,  1698;  voted 
for  lands  in  Bywell  in  1722  ;  high  sheriflf  of  Northumberland  in  1728; 
knight  of  the  shire  in  1741  and  1747  ;  died  19th  (.s),  buried  24th  Dec, 
1747  (a)  (/)  ;  aged  58  ;  will  dated  13th  Dec,  1742  (0)  {g). 


-.  Alice,  dau.  of  Thomas 
Errington  of  Beaufront, 
articles  before  mar.  4lh 
Feb.  i729(^),secondwife. 


May,  only  child  of  the  marriage,  baptised  20th  September,  1731 ;  married  Ralph  Soulsby  of  Hallington  ; 
marriage  settlement,  iSth  and  19th  September,  1751  (^).       ^i 


I 
William  Fenwick  of  B}™'ell,  son 
and  heir,  in  whom  were  united 
the  three  lines  of  Stanton, 
Brinkburn,  and  Bj'ivell  ;  bap- 
tised 14th  January,  1721  («)  ; 
of  Corpus  Christi  Coll.,  Oxon., 
matric.  9th  July,  1740,  aged  18 
(^)  ;  high  sheriff  of  Northum- 
berland, 1752  ;  re-built  Bywell 
hall  in  1760;  died  27th  Aug., 
1782  (z)  ;  will  dated  2nd  Dec, 
1780  (") ;  proved  1782  by 
his  son,  William,  the  devisee 
and  e.\ecutor  (0). 


-Margaret,  daughter  of 
William  Bacon  of 
Staward  ;  baptised 
1 6th  April,  1716  ; 
bond  of  marriage, 
23rd  May,  1747  ; 
articles  before  mar- 
riage, Sth  and  9lh 
February,  1746/7 
(  >■),  (tt)  ;  married 
at  Bishop  Auck- 
land ;  died  17th, 
buried  23rd  March, 
1769,  aged  53  (/). 


I 

John  Fenwick,  son  and  heir  ;  born 
2nd  Feb.,  1748/9  Qp)  ;  of  Queen's 
Coll.,  O.xon.,  matric.  4th  June, 
1767,  aged  18  ;  M.A.,  June  7th, 
'77'  (') ;  party  to  deeds,  4th  and 
5th  F'eb.,  1770  (g)  ;  \oted  for  a 
rent  charge  on  Bywell  in  1774, 
and  relinquishing  his  rights  in 
favour  of  his  younger  brother  by 
deed  dated  nth  Nov.,  1780  (/>), 
shortly  afterwards  went  abroad, 
and  died  at  Montpellier. 


I 
John  Fenwick  of  Framling- 
ton,  baptised  4th  August, 
1724  (a)  ;  of  Corpus 
Christi  College,  O.xon., 
matric.  gth  March,  1742/3, 
aged  18  (if)  ;  admitted  to 
Gray's  Inn,  29th  March, 
1745  (c)  ;  of  Cleadon,  co. 
Durham,  when  he  made  his 
will  ;  died  29th  June,  1783 
(y)  ;  will  dated  loth 
July,  1 761  ;  proved  at 
Durham,  28th  August, 
1783  ('•)• 


I 


William  F^enwick,  second 
son,  born  19th  .March, 
1749/50;  of  Queen's 
Coll.,  Oxon.,  matric. 
nth  Oct.,  1766,  aged 
16  ;  party  to  deeds  4th 
and  5  th  Feb.,  1770  (g)  ; 
succeeded  to  Bywell  at 
his  father's  death  ;  mar. 
l8th  F'eb.  1792  ;  died 
s.p.  26th  Nov.,  1802 
(/)  (2)  ;  will  dated 
24th  May,  1802. 


Frances,  daughter  of 
Francis  Daniel  of 
Gloucester  ;  sole  devi- 
see named  in  her 
husband's  will  ;  she 
re-married  at  Don- 
caster,  14th  March, 
1809,  Septimus  Hod- 
son,  clerk,  rector  of 
Thrapston,  North- 
amptonshire ;  she  died 
at  Wadenhoe,  21st 
F'ebruary,  1824  (/;). 


;  Dorothy,  dau.  of  William 
Lascells,  and  sister  of 
Rev.  Robert  Lascells  of 
Durham  (' )  ;  bapt.  at 
St.  iMary-le-Bow,  Dur- 
ham, 22nd  April,  1720; 
articles  before  mar.  20th 
and  2Ist  Feb.,  1748/9 
(;•)  ;  married  at  Witton 
Gilbert,  6th  April,  1749 
(i)  ;  died  at  Hexham, 
1 2th  Aug.,  1794  (y); 
bur.  14th  August  (i-). 

in 

Roger  Fenwick,  baptised 
27th  Sept.,  1726(a)  ;  died 
before  his  mother  (;)). 

Margaret,  bapt.  3rd  ■'\pril, 
1723  [a);  had  portion  of 
;^3, 000  under  her  mother's 
mar.  set.  (^)  ;  mar.  2Ist 
Sept.,  1 754, William  Swin- 
burn  of  Longwitton  ;  died 
s.p.  in  Newcastle,  22nd 
Feb.  1798  ;  bur.  Hartburn 
(y)  ;  will  dated  1796,  pr. 
2Ist  Aug.,  1798,  by  Wm. 
Fenwick  of  I3ywell  («). 


(i)  Brit.  Mus.  Add.  MSS.  8942,  fo.  86. 
(j)  Mr.  Beaumont's  Bywell  Deeds. 
\z)  M.  I.  By\vell  St.  Andrews. 


iaa)  Com,  for   Comp.  \'ol.  lxxx\'i. 
p.  2S7. 


(lili)  Family   Fapers  with    Mrs.   Goddard, 

1901. 
(«)  Ex  inf.  Mrs.  Lovell,  1900. 


lOO 


THE    PARISH    OK    UYWELL    ST.    PETER. 


John  Fenwick  of  Frnmlinglon,  son  and  heir,  born  26th  March,  1752 
(^/>/,')  ;  to  whom  his  father  gave  his  real  estate  ;  a  captain  in  the 
military  service  of  the  East  India  Coni])any  (;•)  ;  of  Barramiiore 
1789-1791,  afterwards  of  Cawnpore,  in  the  province  of  Oude  (<)  ; 

died   October,   1807;    administration    of   his  personal  estate 

granted  in  the  Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury  to  his  widow  (f). 


Charlotte  Maria,  sister  of  General  Powell  of  Wey- 
mouth ;  mar.  at  Barrampore,  9th  March,  1 789,  by 
Rev.  David  Mackinnon,  East  India  Company  s 
chaj)Iain,  in  the  presence  of  Captain  Philip  Powell 
and  John  Powell  (r)  ;  living  I2th  July,  1841, 
at  Ribston  House,  Gloucestershire  (r). 


William  Fenwick, 
named  in  his 
father's  will. 


Robert  Fenwick,  born  at 
Nunriding  ;  baptised  at 
Mitford,  13th  Jan.,  1756. 


I  I 

Roger  Fenwick,   in  Margaret,  died  unmar.  before  1839;  administration 

1S07  was  residing  of  her  personal  estate  granted  to  her  nephew, 

at  Hexham  (/-).  J.  P.  L.  Fenwick  (»). 


John  Peregrine  Lascells  Fenwick  : 
of  Framlington,  clerk  in  orders  ; 
born  nth  September,  baptised 
at  Barrampore,  5th  November, 
1791,  by  Rev.  A.  A.  Barber, 
East  India  Company's  chajt- 
lain  ;  of  Corpus  Christi  College. 
Oxon.,  matriculated  7th  July, 
1810,  aged  18,  B.A.  1817  (e); 
rector  of  Bagborough,  Somerset, 
1831-36  ;  living  at  Tenby, 
Wales,  1839  (r)  ;  some  time  of 
Elm,  Somersetshire  ;  sold  his 
estate  at  Framlington  in  1841 
(y)  ;  some  time  curate  of  Mar- 
garet Chapel,  Bath,  and  of 
Bathwick,  and  afterwards  curate 
of  Homerton,  Hackney ;  was 
living  at  Chelsea,  31st  August, 
1848,  a  widower,  with  two  sons 
and  three  daughters  survi\'ing 
out  of  eight  children  (y)  ;  died 
at  Bath,  1st  September,  i860 
(?)■ 


iDiana  Matilda 
Ann,  daugh- 
ter of  Robert 
.Anstey,  of 
Upper  Park 
Street,  Bath  ; 
articles  before 
marriage  1st 
Dec,  18 14 
(')  ;  married 
6th  December, 
1814,  at  St. 
Mary's  Chap- 
el, in  the 
parish  of  Wal- 
cot,  Bath  (/■)  ; 
dead  before 
31st  August, 
l848(jr)*;had 
issue,  six  sons 
and  two  dau- 
ghters (i5^). 


I 
Myra  Lovell,=William  Fenwick, 


mar.  at  the 
Cape  of 
Good  Hope 
in  1819  ; 
died  in  1829 
ice). 


born  1st  March, 
1795;  a  judge  in 
Bombay  and  reg- 
istrar of  Df 
Heber,  Bishop  of 
Calcutta  («). 


; .  .  dau.  of 
General 
Ladwick  ; 
had  issue 
two  sons 
and  three 
dau.'s(i;c). 


I 


Franklin  Fenwick, 
born  in  East  Indies, 
28th  Dec,  1789; 
of  Magdalen  Hall, 
Oxon.,  matric  3rd 
July,  i82i,agei8(ir); 
dead  15th  May.  1845. 


Myra,  only  child  of 
the  mar.,  born  at 
Bombay  in  1821 ; 
mar.  Francis  G. 
Livell  of  London  ; 
living  at  Oxford  in 
1 90 1  (cc). 


Peregrine  Powell  Fenwick.  an  officer  of  the 
25th  reg.  of  Native  Light  Infantry,  served 
in  the  Persian  war  and  in  the  Indian  Mutiny; 
bur.  at  Bagnieres  de  Bigorre,  s.p.  (cc). 

John  Fenwick  of  the  23rd  regiment  of  Native 
Infantry,  and  colonel  in  the  army ;  living  at 
Sandwich  in  IQOO,  married  ;  s.p.  (cc). 


Charlotte  Flora,   born  12th  Dec,    1789  (W)  ;    living   unmar.   23rd 

March,  1839,  at  Wincanton,  Somerset  (/•). 
Eliza  Anne,  born  28th   April,   179  ..  ;    mar.  loth  Nov.,  1836,  Uriah 

Messiter  of  Wincanton  ;   died  s./).  {/>^). 
Caroline    Peachey,    born    2nd    Dec,   1796    (/'/');    living   unmar.  at 

Wincanton  in  1839  (j). 
Jessy,  born  28th  Aug.,  1798  ((i(i);  liv.  unmar.  at  Wincanton  in  l839(j-)- 


John  Robert  Powell  Fenwick 
of  Framlington,  son  and  heir; 
born  at  Charlton  ;  bapt.  at 
EUingham,  1st  Nov.,  1815 
(r)  ;  sold  his  estate  in  Long 
and  Low  Framlington  and 
conveyed  the  same,  nth 
and  I2th  July,  1841,  to  Mr. 
Isaac  Cookson  (>-) ;  died 
unmarried  (,ii). 


I 


Christopher  Cress-  -. 
well  F'enwick, 
born  23rd  No- 
vember, 1816 
(//i)  ;  drowned 
at  Orilla,  in 
Ujjper  Canada, 
5th  November, 
1842. 


1      I 


Emily  Lucinda,  dau. 
of  Currer  F.  Busfeild 
of  Cottingley  Bridge 
(by  his  wife  Sarah, 
dau.  of  John  Ferrand 
of  Stockton),  who, 
when  a  widow,  as- 
sumed the  name  of 
Ferrand;  mar.  21st 
May,  1840  (/li). 


Colebrook,  and 


I 


Wm. 

NoeI  = 

=  Emily 

Fenwick, 

Paget 

born 

13th 

(«). 

Aus" 

1818; 

mar. 

July, 

1841 

(M). 

Ill 

Joseph  Lascells  Fenwick, 
born  7th  March,  1820  ; 
died  6ih  Oct.,  1827  (-4(5). 

Robert  Fenwick,  born 
loth  March,  1824  ;  died 
23rd  Feb.,  1829  (M). 

Edwin  Fenwick,  born 
July,  1828  ;  died  nth 
February,  1836,  at 
Bagborough  (i5ii). 


Emily  Lucinda,  daughter  and  co-heir,  married    . 

died  in  Canada  s.p.  (bb)  (cc). 
Christophine   Sarah,  daughter  and   co-heir,   born   22nd    May,    1843 

married,  20th  October,  186S,  G.  S.  Goddard,  Fleet-paymaster,  R.N. 

living  in  London  a  widow  1901  (b/i).         ^ 


Louisa  Charlotte  Diana,  born  26th 
September,  1821  ;  died  unmarried  15th 
June,  1897  (bb). 

Matilda  Powell,  born  27th  December,  1825  ; 
died  unmarried,  March,  1872  (bb). 


*  Mrs.  J.  P.  L.  Fenwick  was  a  grand-daughter  of  Christopher  Anstey,  the  author  of  Tin  New  Bath  Guide. 

Evidence  to  Fenwick  Pedigree. 

2  William  and  Mary,  c  15  (Royal  Assent,  2  May,  1690).  An  Act  to  enable  Sir  Robert  Fenwick  to  sell  lands 
for  the  payment  of  debts.  Statutes  of  the  realm,  2  William  and  Mary,  p.  179.  The  consent  to  the  bill,  dated  2gth 
October,  1689,  recites  a  settlement  made  between  William  Fenwick,  of  Bywell,  esq.,  and  his  eldest  son,  Robert 
Fenwick,  esq.,  of  the  one  part,  Richard,  Lord  Preston,  by  the  name  of  Sir  Richard  Graham  of  Netherby,  Bart., 
Reynold  Graham,  of  Nunnington,  co.  York,  esq.,  John  Clavering,  of  Chopwell,  esq.,  Matthew  Heron,  of  Kirkheaton, 
esq,,  and  Roger,  Christopher,  Edward,  Ludowick,  Thomasine,  Mary  and  Dorothy  Fenwick,  the  remaining  children 
of  the  said  William  Fenwick,  Margaret  Fenwick,  wife  of  the  said  Robert  Fenwick,  and  sister  of  the  said  Lord 
Preston,  of  the  other  part ;  which  settlement  omitted  to  make  any  provision  for  Sir  Robert  Fenwick's  second  wife. 
The  consent,  signed  by  Roger  and  Edward  Fenwick,  brothers  of  Sir  Robert,  by  Matthew  Heron  and  John 
Clavering,  is  conditional  on  no  lands  being  sold  for  the  payment  of  debts,  except  Shorlflat  and  the  mill  there,  which 
were  of  the  value  of  ;^I25  per  annum.  Journals  of  the  House  cf  Lords,  23rd  April,  2  William  and  Mary  ;  cf.  Hist. 
MSS.  Com.,  13  Report,  .-^pp.  pt.  v.  p.  33. 


BYWELL   TOWNSHIP.  lOl 

Shildon  Moor. 

The  extensive  common  pasture  known  as  Shildon  moor  was  within  the 
barony  of  Bywell,  and  was  intercommoned  by  the  townships  of  Acomb, 
Bearl,  Bywell,  Newton,  Newton-hall,  Stelling,  Clarewood,  Halton  Shields, 
East  Matfen,  Nafferton,  Ovington,  and  Walton.  By  the  survey  of  the 
barony  of  Bywell  made  in  T524,  it  appears  that  certain  rents  were  paid 
under  the  name  of  'more  silver,'  for  the  privilege  of  pasturing  cattle  on 
Shildon  common,  viz.,  Sir  William  Lisle,  knight,  3s.;  the  vill  of  Welton, 
13s.;  and  the  vill  of  Halton  Shields,  13s.  4d.  In  an  abortive  attempt  for 
its  enclosure,  made  in  171 1,  this  common  was  described  as  comprising  'all 
those  moors  and  commons  commonly  called  and  known  by  the  several 
names  of  Great  Shildon,  Little  Shildon,  Kip-hill,  Broom-edge,  Welden, 
Ravens-hill,  Holborn-rigg,  Stelling-edge,  Crooked-hill,  Little-man,  Black 
middens,  Acomb  moor,  and  Cross-edges,  boundering  on  Weldon,  Nafferton, 
and  Ovington  on  the  east,  Corbridge  fell  and  Thornbrough  on  the  west, 
on  the  Roman  Wall  on  the  north,  and  on  Bearl,  Acomb,  Stelling, 
Newton-hall,  and  Newton  on  the  south.'  Although  the  project  at  that 
time  was  unsuccessful,  it  was  revived  in  1749,  when  an  act  of  parliament 
was  procured  for  the  enclosure  and  division  of  the  common.'  The  act 
recites  that  William  Fenwick,  esq.,  was  lord  of  the  manor  and  barony, 
but  provides  that  the  commissioners  shall  not  set  out  to  him  any  part  or 
share  of  the  common  '  in  lieu  of  or  as  a  compensation  for  any  right  or 
interest  which  the  said  William  Fenwick  or  the  lord  or  lords  of  the  said 
manor  and  baronv  of  Bywell  for  the  time  being  now  hath  or  hereafter 
may  have  in  the  said  common  '  other  than  his  or  their  freehold  lands  in 
respect  of  which  right  of  common  was  claimed.  The  limestone  quarries 
then  open,  with  ten  acres  of  land  lying  around  the  same,  were  to  remain 
open,  public  roads  were  to  be  set  out,  and  the  remainder  was  to  be  divided 
amongst  the  persons  interested  '  in  proportion  and  according  to  the  clear 
yearly  value  on  the  19th  Mav  1750  of  their  respective  enclosed  lands  and 
grounds  lying  and  being  within  the  several  parishes  aforementioned,  in 
respect  whereof  they  are  intitled  to  such  right  of  common  as  aforesaid.' 
Edward   Collingwood   of  Chirton,   Thomas   Gyll  of  Durham,  and   Percival 

'  27  Geo.  II.  An  act  for  dividing  .ind  enclosing  Great  Shildon  common,  or  Shildon  moor,  within 
the  manor  and  barony  of  Bywell,  in  the  county  of  Northumberland.  The  commissioners'  award, 
accompanied  by  an  admirable  plan,  is  with  the  clerk  of  the  peace. 


I02  I'ARISH    OF    BYWEI.I,    ST.    I'KTKR. 

Clennell  of  Newcastle,  esquires,  William  BoiuHower  of  Apperley,  William 
Robson  of  Wallington,  Hugh  Boag  of  Ravensworth,  and  Samuel  Marriott 
of  Morpeth,  gentlemen,  the  commissioners  appointed  for  the  purpose  of 
carrving  the  act  into  execution,  made  their  award  on  the  lOlh  July,  I755-' 
The  common  having  been  found  to  comprise  1633  acres,  it  was  divided 
as  follows,  fractions  being  omitted  : 

William  Fenwick,  esq.,  for  his  lands  in  Acomb,  Newton,  and  Hywell  St.  Peter  townships,  306  acres; 
and  for  Hywell  St.  Andrew  township,  85  acres;  Michael  Archer,  gent.,  for  East  Matfen,  25  acres; 
James  Atkinson  of  Gateshead,  for  Ovington,  8  acres  ;  William  Bell  of  Harlow-hill,  for  Ovington,  c;  acres; 
William  Bigge  of  Benton,  for  Ovington,  17  acres  ;  Edward  Blackett  of  West  Matfen,  esq.,  for  Halton 
Shields,  Clarewood,  and  Carr-house,  179  acres;  for  East  Matfen,  146  acres;  Sir  Walter  Blackett  of 
Wallington,  bart.,  for  Welton,  153  acres  ;  George  Burnett,  for  Ovington,  3  acres  ;  William  Collinson, 
gent.,  for  Newton,  25  acres  ;  George  Coulson  of  Merry-shields,  for  Ovington,  2  acres  ;  Ann  Clavering  of 
Causey,  widow,  for  Ovington,  ig  acres  ;  James  Fenwick  of  East  Matfenmoor-house,  gent.,  for  East 
Matfen,  21  acres  ;  Thomas  Forster,  for  Ovington,  4  acres  ;  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners,  for 
Newton-hall,  86  acres  ;  Heniy  Harrison,  for  Ovington,  17  acres  ;  Thomas  Hall  of  Newcastle,  weaver,  for 
Ovington,  3  roods  ;  Thomas  Hall  of  Ovington,  smith,  for  Ovington,  2  roods  ;  Oswald  Hind  of  Ovington, 
yeoman,  for  Ovington,  1  acre  ;  Oswald  Hind  of  Stelling,  for  Ovington,  29  acres  ;  and  for  Stelling,  47 
acres;  William  Hunter,  of  West  Matfen,  for  Ovington,  4  acres  ;  John  Horsley  of  Bolam,  esq.,  for 
Ovington,  4  acres  ;  and  for  Newton,  4  acres  ;  Anthony  Humble  of  Prudhoe,  for  Ovington,  2  acres  ;  John 
Jobling  of  Broxbushes,  for  Fell-house,  6  acres  ;  Thomas  Lock  of  Low  Seat,  for  Ovington,  2  acres  ;  Jacob 
Marshall,  smith,  for  Ovington,  4  acres  ;  Robert  Moffat  of  Horsley,  weaver,  and  Jacob  Truinble  of 
Gateshead,  for  Ovington,  2  acres  ;  Thomas  Mitchell  of  Newburgh,  Yorkshire,  esq.,  for  Nafferton,  96 
acres;  the  countess  of  Oxford  and  Mortimer,  for  Bearl,  47  acres;  and  for  Newton-hall,  21  acres; 
Michael  Pearson  of  Newcastle,  esq.,  for  East  Matfen,  94  acres  ;  Matthew  Robinson,  as  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 
Andrew,  2  acres  ;  Robert  Simon,  as  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  6  acres  ;  Margaret,  wife  of  Robert 
Simpson,  for  Ovington,  4  acres  ;  George  Simpson  of  Tunstal,  co.  Durham,  for  Ovington,  2  acres  ; 
Thomas  Smith  of  Newcastle,  butcher,  for  East  Matfen,  35  acres  ;  George  Surlees  of  Mainsforth,  for 
Ovington,  20  acres  ;  Robert  .Surtees  of  Redworth,  for  Ovington,  9  acres  ;  Henry  Winship  of  Acomb,  for 
Ovington,  7  acres. 

CHURCH   OF   BYWELL   ST.    PETER. 

There  is  a  transaction  occurring  in  connection  with  the  history  of 
the  church  of  St.  Peter  which  possesses  more  than  common  interest. 
In  the  early  times  of  Northumbrian  Christianity  a  religious  house  had 
been  founded  at  the  mouth  of  the  Tyne,  which  ultimately  became  the 
monastery  dedicated  to  the  Blessed  Virgin,  and  Oswin,  king  and  martyr, 
whose  bones  were  preserved  there.  This  church,  with  its  possessions,  was 
given  by  Waltheof,  earl  of  Northumberland,  with  his  relative,  Morkar 
(to   be    educated   in   religion),    to   Aldwin,    the   prior,    and    his    brethren   at 

'  One  of  the  effects  of  the  enclosure  of  the  common  was  to  add  to  the  parish  of  Corbridge  an  area  of 
179  acres;  to  Stamfordham,  323  acres;  to  Ovingham,  429  acres;  to  Bywell  St.  Peter,  505  acres;  and  to 
Bywell  St.  Andrew,  136  acres.  Quarries,  etc.,  comprising  about  10  acres,  were  reserved  to  the  use  of  the 
freeholders,  and  several  roads  were  set  out. 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER.  IO3 

Jarrow,  with  a  provision  that  the  gift  should  hold  good  with  regard  to 
any  place  to  which  the  Jarrow  monks  might  be  transferred.  Soon  after 
this,  the  great  Benedictine  house  of  Durham  w^as  founded  by  William  de 
St.  Carilef,  the  bishop,  when  Jarrow  was  incorporated  with  the  new 
foundation,  and  all  the  rights  the  monks  of  Jarrow  had  in  the  church 
of  Tvnemouth  became  the  property  of  the  monastery  of  St.  Cuthbert  at 
Durham.  This  arrangement  was  confirmed  by  Bishop  William,  with  the. 
assent  of  Earl  Alberic,  the  successor  of  Waltheof.  Tynemouth  did  not 
long  remain  in  possession  of  the  monks  of  Durham.  They  were  dis- 
possessed by  Robert  de  Mowbray,  earl  of  Northumberland,  and  Tynemouth 
was  given  by  him  to  the  monastery  of  St.  Albans.  On  the  forfeiture  of 
Robert,  his  grant  was  not  disturbed,  and  Tynemouth  was  confirmed  to 
vSt.  Albans  by  William  Rufus.  This  act  of  spoliation,  as  they  regarded 
it,  was  not  accepted  by  the  monks  of  Durham,  and  they  continued  to 
claim  the  church  of  Tynemouth  and  its  rights  until  the  dispute  was  settled 
by  an  arrangement  made  in  1174,  to  be  referred  to  presently.  Among 
the  churches  belonging  to  the  monastery  of  St.  Albans  were  those  of 
Edlingham  and  Bywell,  the  former  given  to  Tynemouth  by  Gospatric 
and  confirmed  by  his  son  Aedgar,  the  latter,  as  is  stated  in  a  charter  of 
Eustace  de  Baliol,  given  them  bv  his  predecessors.  Though,  according 
to  the  terms  of  the  agreement  of  1174,  all  deeds  connected  with  the  two 
churches  were  to  be  given  up  by  St.  Albans  to  Dinham,  there  are  no 
charters  granting  St.  Peter's,  Bywell,  to  St.  Albans  by  any  of  the  Baliols 
among  the  muniments  of  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham,  though 
Aedgar's  confirmatory  grant  of  Edlingham  still  remains  in  the  treasury, 
with  the  seal  attached.'  The  original  deeds  connected  with  the  church 
of  Bywell  do  not  seem  to  have  been  handed  over,  for  no  copies  of  them 
are  to  be  found  in  the  cartularies  of  the  church  of  Durham.  The 
arrangement  between  the  two  monasteries  was  made  by  Roger,  bishop  of 
of  Worcester,  and  John  de  Salisbury,  bishop  of  E.xeter,  who,  together 
with  Robert,  dean  of  York,  or  any  two  of  them,  were  appointed  delegates 
by  Pope  Alexander  III.  to  examine  into  the  several  claims  of  the  two 
monasteries  and  to  give  their  decision  upon  them.  By  the  terms  of  the 
agreement  which  was  arrived  at  in  consequence  of  this  delegation   of  the 

'  The  charter,  with  the  seal,  is  reproduced  in  fac-simile  in  Gibson's  History  of  Tynemouth  Priory, 
vol.  i.  p.  50,  pi. 


I04  PARISH    OF    BYWELL   ST.    PETER. 

pope,  Durham  was  to  give  up  all  right  the  monastery  claimed  to  have  in 
the  church  of  Tynemouth,  St.  Albans  granting  to  Durham  the  church  of 
Edlingham  and  the  church  of  Bywell,  saving  for  his  lifetime  the  right  of 
Salomon  the  priest  in  the  church  of  St.  Peter  there.  The  instrument  was 
e.xecuted  at  Warwick,  November  12th,  1174.' 

'  Diir.  Treas.  2''"  2'"'  Spec.  No.  16,  Caitular.  secund.  fol.  43  i.  'Hutro  Dei  Gracia  Dunelm.  Eps. 
omnibus  Sanctae  Matris  Ecclesiae  filiis  tarn  praesentibus  quam  futiiris,  salutem.  Sciatis  nos  concessisse, 
et  praesenti  carta  conf.  Deo  et  -S.  Cuthberto,  et  dilectis  filiis  nostris  priori  at  conventui  Dunelm. 
ecclesias  illas  quas  pro  ecclesia  de  Tinemutha  a  monachis  .Sancti  Albani  transaccionis  nomine 
recepimus,  videlicet,  ecclesiam  de  Biwelle  cum  omnibus  pertinenciis  ejus,  et  ei.clesiam  de  Aetheluingliam 
cum  omn.  ad  ipsam  pertinentibus,  libere  et  quiete  in  perpctuum.  Habendas  et  possidendas  (salvis 
per  omnia  nostris  episcopalibus,  interlined  in  the  original,  consuetudinibus,  added  in  the  cartulary), 
medietatem  sane  fructuum  qui  de  ecclesiis  eisdem  provenient.  Nos  et  idem  prior  atque  conventus 
sacnstae  assignavmius  ad  luminaria  in  ecclesia  Beati  Cuthberti,  sicut  nos  staluimus,  invenienda,  sub 
anathemate,  interdicentes  ne  a  quoquam  in  usu  alios  convertatur.  Alteram  vero  medietatem  liceat 
jam  dictis  priori  et  monachis  in  suos  proprios  usus  convertere,  salvis  episcopalibus  consuetudinibus 
nostris.  Testibus,  Simone  Camerario,  Magistro  Johanne  de  Rana,  Mag.  Ricardo  de  Coldingliam, 
Willelmo  de  Houeden  (Willelmo  filio  Archiepiscopi,  added  in  the  cartulary),  Thoma  et  Ernaldo 
capellanis,  Willelmo  elemosinario,  Mag.  Augero,  Rogero  Freburn,  Benedicto  de  Kyleie  et  aliis  multis." 

The  Treasury  at  Durham  contains  the  following  documents  relating  to  these  transactions,  classed  in 
2''°  2"'"'  Spec,  under  Byuell. 

No.  2.  Letter  of  security  from  Roger,  bishop  of  Worcester,  and  I  (Johannes  de  Salisburia),  treasurer 
of  the  church  of  Exeter,  to  Hugh,  bishop  of  Durham,  in  the  matter  of  the  agreement  between  the  abbey 
of  St.  Albans  and  Durham  about  the  churches  of  Biwelle  and  Edelingeham,  with  seals  of  the  bishop 
and  treasurer. 

No.  4.  Charter  of  Symon,  abbot,  and  the  convent  of  St.  .'\lbans  granting  the  churches  of  Biwell 
and  Eduluingeham  to  Durham.     Seal  of  St.  Albans  and  of  Symon,  abbot. 

No.  6.  Ratification  of  the  exchange  made  between  Germanus,  prior  of  Durham,  and  Symon,  abbot 
of  St.  Albans.     Seal  of  St.  .-Mbans. 

No.  7.  Charter  of  Eustace  de  Baillol,  with  consent  of  his  heir,  Hugo,  confirming  to  Durham  the 
church  of  Biwelle,  with  the  toft  of  Salomon,  the  dean,  nigh  the  church  of  .St.  Andrew  which  Walter  the 
priest  held  before  him.  Witnesses,  Hugh,  his  son  and  heir;  Richard  de  Midford  and  John,  his  brother; 
Bernard,  parson  of  Gainsford ;  Wido  de  Bouincurt,  Gilbert  de  la  val,  Hugh  de  Normanwile,  Robert  de 
Insula,  Nicholas  de  Hedun  and  Richard  his  son,  Roger  de  Heglestun,  Roger  de  Saint  German,  Radulf 
de  Gunewareton,  Edward  de  Stanfordham,  Aedmund  de  .Setun,  Robert  de  Rue,  Robert  de  Hindeleie. 
Seal. 

No.  7*.  Confirmation  of  Eustace  de  Baillol,  with  consent  of  his  heir,  Hugh,  of  the  agreement 
between  St.  .Mbans  and  Durham  about  the  church  of  Biwelle,  which  his  ancestors  gave  to  St.  .\lbans. 
Same  witnesses  as  to  7.     Same  seal. 

No.  8.  Confirmation  by  Hugh  de  Baillol  of  his  father  Eustace's  grant  of  Bywell  Saint  Peter  to 
Durham.  Witnesses,  Americ,  archdeacon  of  Durham,  Philip  de  Ulecotes,  Henry  de  Baillol,  Hugh 
de  Bolebec,  Peter  de  Vallibus,  Roger  Daudri,  Symon  de  Bruntoft,  Robert  de  Whitcestre,  Radulf 
super  Teise,  Walter  de  Monasteriis,  Magister  Simon  de  Ferligtone,  William  Brito,  JoUan  de  Cestre, 
Nigell  the  chaplain,  Magister  Alexander  medicus,  Magister  Allan  de  Beuerlaco.     Seal. 

No.  9.  Grant  from  Hugh  de  Balliol  to  the  convent  of  Durham,  for  their  church  of  Biwelle,  of  all 
tithes  and  obventions  of  tlie  new  assart  between  Quiketonestal  and  Deruwente,  which  is  in  their 
parish.  Durham  to  have  common  pasture  in  his  lands,  as  is  suitable  (sicut  decet).  No  witnesses.  A 
round  seal.     An  orle. 

No.  15.  Renunciation  deed  of  Tynemouth.  '  Universis  .Sanctae  Matris  Ecclesiae  filiis  praesentibus 
et  futuris,  Germanus  prior  et  conventus  totus  Dunelm.  ecclesiae,  salutem.  Ad  publicam  volumus 
noticiam  pervenire,  quod  cum  inter  nos  et  monasterium  Sancti  Albani  super  ecclesiam  de  Thinem', 
quam  nobis  de  antiquo  jure  competere  dicebamus  controversia  verteretur,  nos  de  assensu  et  auctoritate 
venerabilis  patris  nostri  Hugonis  Dei  Gracia  Dunelm.  episcopi  acceptis  ab  abbate  et  fratribus  Sancti 
Albani  ecclesiis  de  Biwelle  et  de  Eduluingeham  praedictae  liti  et  repeticioni  ecclesiae  de  Thynem'  in 
perpetuum  renunciavimus.  Ut  g'  (igitur)  haec  transactio  inviolabile  robur  optineat  praenominatam 
ecclesiam  de  Thynem'  cum  omnibus  pertinentiis  suis  monasterio  Sancti  Albani  jure  perpetuo 
possid^ndam  concessimus  et  praesentis  scripti  testimonio  confirmavimus.  His  testibus.  Germane 
priore  Dunelmensi,  Burchardo  et  Willelmo  archidiaconis,  Simone  camerario,  Magister  Ricardo  de 
Coldinghame,  Henrico  dapifero.'     Seal  wanting. 


CHURCH    OF   BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 


105 


At  a  curve  in  the  valley,  where  the  Tyne  makes  a  bend  and  turns 
towards  the  north,  on  the  haugh  there  enclosed  by  the  river,  are  placed  the 
two  near  adjoining  churches  of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Andrew.  The  churchyard 
of  the  former  is  bounded  on  the  south  side  by  the  stream,  which  flows  almost 
alongside  the  church  itself.  The  churches  were  situated,  originally, 
amongst  the  houses  of  the  village,^  but  they  now  stand  almost  alone,  with 
only  the  hall,  the  vicarage  of  St.  Peter,  the  house  which  represents  the  old. 
home  of  the  miller  and  the  keep-gateway  of  the  castle,  all  that  now  remains 
of  the  ancient  centre  of  the  Baliol  barony,  to  support  and  justify  them.  The 
site  is  one  very  sheltered,  and  pleasant  with  its  surrounding  of  time-honoured 
trees,  rich  in  masses  of  healthy  foliage,  the  towers  of  the  churches  rising 
among  them,  that  of  St.  Andrew  specially  forming  a  prominent  and  very 
effective  feature  in  the  scene.  _ 

They  are  popularly  known 
as  the  black  and  white  churches, 
the  one,  St.  Peter's,  having 
belonged  to  the  Benedictine 
monastery  of  Durham,  the  other, 
St.  Andrew's,  to  the  Norbertian 
house  of  Blanchland. 

It  is  probable  there  were  two 
churches  at  Bywell  in  Anglian 

.  •  u    ^     iU  •  J  BvwELL  St.  Peter's  Church  in  1824. 

times,    but    there    is    no    docu-  ^ 

mentary  evidence  to  prove  the  fact  in  either  case,  nor  is  there  anything 
left  in  the  building  itself  to  show  there  was  a  church  of  St.  Peter 
before  the  end  of  the  eleventh  century.  That  there  was  a  church  of 
stone  then  in  existence  is  proved  by  the  existence  of  the  north  wall  of  the 
nave  of  the  church,  now  standing  with  its  original  windows,  which  cannot  be 
attributed  to  a  time  later  than  that  in  question.  Whether  the  church  then 
built  was  the  earliest  one  which  existed  there  or  represented  an  older 
Anglian  one,  possibly  of  wood,  it  is  impossible  to  say,  but  the  probability  is 
in  favour  of  there  having  been  a  church  already  there.  The  circumstances 
connected  with  the  lordship  may  explain  why  the  present  church  was  then 
built.  Guy  de  Baliol  had  a  grant,  about  1093,  of  Bywell  from  William 
Rufus.     His  successor,  Eustace,  when  confirming  the   grant  of  St.   Peter's 

'  The  village  in  1825  is  said  to  have  comprised  twenty  houses,  including  the  two  vicarages,  and  the 
White  Horse  inn.     Cf.  Parson  and  White,  Nortliumhcrland  and  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  563. 


Vol.  VI. 


14 


io6 


THE    PARISH    or    HYWELL   ST.    PETER. 


to  Durham,  by  St.  Albans,  in  1174,  says  the  church  had  been  given  to  St. 
Albans  bv  his  ancestors,  whose  names,  however,  he  does  not  mention.  It 
seems,  therefore,  almost  certain  that  the  ^rant  10  St.  Albans  was  made  soon 
after  the  Baliols  came  into  possession  of  Bywell,  probably  by  Guy  de  Baliol 
himself,  who  had  given  lands  in  Hertfordshire  to  St.  Albans.  If  this  was  the 
case,  the  time  when  it  was  granted  to  a  great  monastery  like  St.  Albans  was 
one  which  would  be  likely  to  cause  either  an  entirely  new  church  or  a  larger 
one  to  be  built,  and  with  that  time  the  architecture  quite  coincides. 

The  church  then  existing  appears  to  have  consisted  of  an  aisleless  nave 
and  a  chancel,  but  without  a  tower.     The  nave,  as  originally  constructed. 


r  "i;,.:.:{ll-J 


I  M  I  I  I  I  I  .  ■  1^ 


J<Ale:  o^  phet 


/VcrNnw 
£Af<Ly  /i' 
IHSD      c./'ioo 

WM^A       c   I3SO 


extended,  apparently,  to  the  west  wall  of  the  present  tower,  as  is  shown  by 
the  remains  of  a  base  moulding,  not,  however,  belonging  to  it,  which  exists 
on  the  west  side  of  the  tower  as  well  as  on  the  north,  where  it  is  on  the 
same  plane  as  the  nave  wall.  The  nave  was,  therefore,  a  long  one,  being  80 
feet  in  length,  with  a  width  of  19  feet.  A  large  portion  of  its  north  wall  is 
left,  containing  four  original  windows,  which  have  round  heads  cut  out  of 
one  stone.  They  are  placed  20  feet  above  the  floor,  and  are  4  feet  6  inches 
high,  I  foot  6  inches  wide  at  the  exterior,  widening  with  a  splay  inwards  to 
a  width  of  3  feet  ;  the  glass  is  placed  3  inches  from  the  face  of  the  wall. 


CHURCH  OF  BYWELL  ST.  PETER.  IO7 

Two  Stones  which  have  a  zigzag  moulding  upon  them,  now  built  into 
the  walls  of  the  present  modern  south  porch,  may  possibly  be  portions  of  a 
doorway  in  the  nave  of  the  original  Roman  church. 

The  first  important  alteration  in  the  church  was  the  replacement  of 
the  early  chancel,  probably  a  short  one,  by  that  now  existing  This 
extension  was  made  about  the  beginning  of  the  thirteenth  century,  when 
the  present  chancel,  which  remains  practically  intact,  was  erected.  It  is  36 
feet  long,  13  feet  6  inches  wide,  and  is  lighted  by  three  lancet  windows 
at  the  east  end,  two  similar  on  the  south  side,  and  one  at  the  east  end 
of  the  north  side.  All  the  lancets  have  chamfered  rere  arches,  springing 
from  chamfered  imposts.  Along  both  sides,  at  the  base  of  the  windows,  is 
a  string  course,  but  at  the  east  end  a  similar  string  course  is  placed  at  a 
lower  level,  the  sills  of  the  windows  there  being  deeper.  To  the  west  of 
the  lancet  on  the  north  side  a  double-light  window  has  been  inserted.  It 
has  a  trefoiled  head  made  out  of  a  grave  cover,  which  has  a  cross  and  a 
book  upon  it.  At  the  east  end  of  the  south  wall  is  a  piscina  recess,  round- 
headed,  with  a  chamfered  moulding ;  the  basin  is  dished  square  to  the 
centre,  with  a  drain  hole.  The  chancel  arch  is  modern  ;  it  replaced,  in 
1849,  ^^  ^^^^  which  was  believed,  by  the  architect  then  employed,  to  have 
been  built  about  the  year  1 160. 

The  exterior  walls  of  the  chancel  are  of  good  ashlar  masonry.  The 
central  of  the  three  eastern  lancets  is  a  little  higher  than  the  other  two,  the 
three  having  a  continuous  hood  moulding  over  them  and  a  string  course 
beneath,  with  a  buttress  under  the  central  window,  and  corner  buttresses 
with  two  sets-off  at  each  angle.  The  two  lancets  on  the  south  side  have 
each  a  separate  hood  moulding. 

The  south  aisle  of  the  nave  is,  probably,  a  little  later  than  the  chancel. 
It  is  of  four  bays  with  cylindrical  columns  and  similar  responds  ;  the 
moulded  bases  are  octagonal,  the  capitals  have  cylindrical  bells,  and 
octagonal  abaci.  The  arches  on  the  face  towards  the  nave  are  of  two 
chamfered  orders,  the  dripstone  over  the  central  column  being  terminated 
by  a  bearded  and  crowned  head.  At  the  east  end  is  a  chapel  of  the  same 
date  as  the  aisle,  now  used  as  an  organ  chamber  ;  all  the  walls  are  new, 
except  the  lower  part.  The  chapel  has  an  opening  into  the  chancel,  square 
in  form,  and  divided  down  the  centre  by  a  mullion  ;  it  is  grooved  for  glass,  a 
provision  difficult  to  account  for,  as  it  could  never  have  been  intended  for  an 


Io8  THK    PARISH    OF    HYWKI.L    ST.    PKTER. 

exterior  window.  An  altar  slab,  with  the  five  crosses,  is  preserved  within 
the  chapel  ;  it  is  probably  that  belonging  to  the  altar  of  the  chantrv.  The 
exferior  stonework  is  of  the  same  good  ashlar  as  that  of  the  chancel,  and 
at  the  east  end  is  a  bnttress  similar  to  that  beneath  the  central  lancet  of  the 
eastern  triplet.  In  the  porch,  in  addition  to  the  two  stones  with  zigzag 
monlding  already  mentioned,  are  built  in  five  grave  covers,  one  of  a  man 
with  the  sword,  two  of  females,  each  with  the  shears,  two  with  the  cross 
alone,  and  a  piece  of  early  English  moulding,  with  the  end  of  a  dripstone 
of  the  same  date,  probably  belonging  to  the  doorway  of  the  aisle  now 
destroyed. 

Accordinor  to  a  statement  in  the  Lanercost  Chronicle  the  church  was 
burnt  by  an  accidental  fire  in  1285,  and  it  is  possible  that  in  consequence  of 
the  effects  of  this,  the  next  alteration  was  made  in  the  church.  This  was 
done  by  shortening  the  nave,  when  the  present  west  end  was  built,  which, 
judging  from  the  architectural  features,  was  about  the  year  1300.  The 
doorway  from  the  tower  into  the  nave,  which  is  contemporary  with  the 
wall  in  which  it  is  placed,  has  a  hood  moulding  on  its  west  face,  and  has 
a  smaller  doorwav  within  it,  put  in,  probably,  when  the  tower  was  built. 
Above  the  doorway,  but  not  at  the  present  centre,  is  a  small  lancet  window, 
hollow  chamfered,  originally  the  west  window  of  the  shortened  nave.  Some 
remains  of  the  two  buttresses  of  the  west  end  of  the  nave  are  left  enclosed 
within  the  tower. 

The  tower,  built  partially  upon  the  site  of  the  western  part  of  the 
original  nave,  but  not  its  equal  in  width,  is  a  short,  massive  and  plain 
building,  constructed  probably,  among  other  purposes,  for  that  of  defence. 
It  is  of  a  date  somewhere  about  1310,  and  has  a  western  doorway,  the  inner 
arch  of  which  is  higher  than  the  doorway,  a  double  lancet  window,  divided 
by  a  square  muUion,  in  the  second  stage,  on  the  north,  west,  and  south  sides, 
a  single  chamfered  set-oflf  and  a  battlemented  parapet,  all  contemporary 
with  the  tower  itself. 

The  latest  addition  to  the  church  in  mediaeval  times  was  that  of  a 
chantry  chapel  on  the  north  side  of  the  nave.  It  appears  to  have  been  built 
towards  the  beginning  of  the  fourteenth  century,  but  by  what  person  or 
family  the  endowment  was  made  is  unknown.  It  is  of  good  work,  and  forms 
a  pleasing  and  artistic  addition  to  the  church.  It  was  originally  connected 
with  the  nave  by  a  shoulder-headed  doorway  at  the  east  end  of  the  north 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER.  IO9 

wall,  which,  in  1849,  ^'^''^s  removed  to  the  north  side  of  the  chancel  to  make 
an  entrance  into  the  new  vestry.  It  is  Hghted  by  four  two-light  windows 
on  the  north  side,  and  by  two  four-light  ones  at  the  east  and  west  end 
respectively.  The  windows  are  square-headed,  with  reticulated  tracery,  the 
lights  are  all  trefoil-headed.  The  north  wall  on  its  exterior  face  presents 
a  remarkable  and  inexplicable  feature,  in  the  presence  of  the  springing 
stones  of  three  arches,  midway  in  the  height  of  the  windows,  one  at  th.e 
centre  and  one  at  each  end  of  the  wall.  Above  each  the  wall  is  of  rough 
masonry,  as  if  intended  for  the  attachment  of  a  transverse  wall  above  them. 
It  does  not  seem  as  if  any  more  of  the  intended  building  had  been  carried 
out,  nor  has  any  signs  of  the  wall  which  would  have  existed  to  the  north,  if 
the  work  had  been  completed,  been  discovered  in  the  churchyard.  Within 
this  chapel,  at  the  east  end,  is  a  stone  slab,  5  feet  7  inches  long  by  3  feet 
4  inches  wide,  upon  which  is  the  figure  of  a  knight,  made  by  incised  lines, 
and  an  inscription,  now  illegible,  round  the  edges. 

The  font  is  bowl-shaped,  and  stands  on  a  circular  pillar  and  base  ;  it  has 
been  re-chiselled,  but  may  be  of  the  date  of  the  Norman  church. 

The  chapel  on  the  south  side  of  the  church,  now  used  as  an  organ 
chamber,  was  originally  a  chantry  dedicated  to  St.  John  the  Baptist.  It  was 
founded  either  by  Guy  Darrayns  of  Whittonstall  (died  before  1268)  or  by  a 
certain  William  the  deacon,  concerning  whom  some  charters  are  preserved 
in  the  treasury  at  Durham.'  Guy  grants  to  William  de  Bywelle,  deacon,  6 
marcs  of  silver  of  annual  rent,  5  marcs,  los.  8d.,  to  be  received  from  his 
'firma'  of  Est  Hydewin  and  Hunthank,  and  2s.  8d.  of  the  '  firma  '  of  Walter 
le  verrer  de  Nova  terra,  half  at  the  feast  of  St.  Cuthbert  in  March  and  the 
other  half  at  the  feast  of  St.  Cuthbert  in  September,  '  for  a  sum  of  money 
he  paid  me  in  my  need.'  To  hold  to  him  and  anyone  to  whom  he  may 
assign,  give  or  sell,  on  his  deathbed  or  in  his  good  health  {in  lecto  siio  mortis 
vel  in  sua  bona  prosperitate)^  rendering  yearly  one  pound  of  cummin  or  one 
penny  of  silver  at  St.  Cuthbert's  feast  in  September.  He  gives  power  to 
distrain  within  the  barony  of  Eolbeck. 

Robert  de  Est  Hydewyn  admits  he  is  bound  to  pay  yearly  to  William 
de  Bywell,  deacon,  or  whom  he  may  assign,  5  marcs,  los.  8d.,  to  be  received 
'  de  firma'  of  his  lord,  Wydo  de  Arrannys,  of  Est  Hydewyn  and  of  Hunthanck, 
by  half-yearly  payments  at  the  two  feasts  of  St.  Cuthbert,  which  his  lord, 

1  ^J"  2"""  Specialiuin. 


I  lO  THE    PARISH    OF    HYWELI.    ST.    PETER. 

Wydo  de  Arrannys,  has  given  to  William  de  Bywelle.  Walter  le  veirer  de 
Nova  terra  undertakes  in  like  manner  to  pay  to  William  de  Bywelle  32d.  of 
silver  out  of  the  ferm  he  holds  hereditarily  of  his  lord,  Wido  de  Arrannys. 
Finally,  Hugh,  son  of  Hugh  de  Bolbeck,  at  the  request  of  Guy,  inspects  and 
confirms  his  charter. 

The  deed '  of  Willelmus  de  Bywel,  diaconus,  by  which  he  founded 
the  chantry,  burdens  the  endowment  with  the  yearly  payment  to  Guy 
Darrayns  and  his  heirs  and  assigns  of  one  pound  of  cummin  or  one 
penny  at  St.  Cuthbert's  day  in  September,  and  gives  some  interesting 
particulars  as  to  the  service.  The  chaplain  is  to  say  daily  the  service 
of  the  dead  which  is  called  Placebo  ct  Dirigc  ct  Commendacio  as  for  a 
body  then  present.  William  de  Bywel  gives,  in  order  to  maintain  the 
aforesaid  service,  a  silver  chalice  of  the  price  of  24s.  and  two  pairs  of  good 
vestments,  four  blessed  towels  (napkins  or  cloths),  and  a  'porthehors'  (a 
breviary) ;  also  60  sheep  or  60s.  to  maintain  the  light  of  the  said  altar. 
The  chaplain  for  the  time  being  is  not  to  take  the  ornaments  and  sheep 
to  his  own  use  or  to  alienate  them.  If  they  decay  by  age  or  in  any  way 
become  perished,  he  is  to  restore  them  at  his  own  expense.  The  sub-prior 
of  Durham  is  to  have  the  appointment  after  William  de  Bywell's  death. 
The  witnesses  were  Hugh  de  Dernington,  prior  of  Durham  ;  Master  Roger 
de  Herteburne,  archdeacon  of  Northumberland ;  Master  Hugh,  parson  of 
Ovincham  ;  Master  Lambert,  vicar  of  Bedlington,  and  Hugh,  vicar  of  St. 
Peter's,  Bywell ;  Sir  Robert  de  Insula,  Sir  Gydo  de  Normanwille,  Roger 
de  Araynis,  Robert  de  Menewille. 

At  the  suppression  of  the  chantries,  the  endowment  comprised  the 
tithes  of  Merryshields.^  The  incumbent  at  that  period  was  John  Eltringham, 
who  is  described  as  a  man  '  meanly  learned,  of  honest  conversacion  and 
qualytes,'  and  of  the  age  of  58  years.'  The  chantrv  possessed  '  ii  vestments 
with  th'appurtenances,  one  masse  boke,  one  little  bell,  a  crewett,  and  ii 
towelles''*  and  7  oz.  of  plate.  There  were  at  that  period  200  houseling 
people  in  the  parish.^ 

The  church  possesses,  together  with  some  modern  communion  plate,  a 
cup   made  in   Newcastle   in  the  seventeenth  century   by  William   Ramsay, 

'  Dur.  Treas.  2''"  2''"'  Spec.  No.  10;  also   Misc.   Chart.  2099.     .Seal  oval,  ij  in.  by  J  in.,  niitiqui-  gem, 
seated  hehneted  figure  holding  a  small  figure  on  extended  right  hand.      ^   JHCHI.  CREDE.  LEGE.  TEGE. 

•■  Pat.  Rolls,  3  Edward  VI.  pt.  i.        ^  Eccles.  Proc.  of  Bp.  Barnes,  Raine,  app.  p.  Ixxxix.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  22. 

*  Inventories  of  Church  Goods,  Page,  p.  164.  Surt.  Soc.  No.  97.     '  Eccles.  Proc.  of  Bp.  Barnes,  p.  Ixxxix. 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER.  I  I  I 

inscribed  Bywcll  S"  Petri^  an  ancient  bell  inscribed  Tii  es  Petrus^ 
followed  by  the  complete  alphabet  in  Lonibardic  letters,'  and  another  bell, 
possibly  cast  at  the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century,  which  bears  the 
following  legend  :    Ut  surgant  gentes  vocor  hornet  cito  jacctcs^^ 

Monumental  Inscriptions,  Bywell  St.  Peter. 

Here  lieth  intened  the  remains  of  Mr.  William  Collinson  of  Newton,  who  died  August  26th,  1761, 
aged  66  years.  To  Death  I  yielded  without  surprise  |  In  hopes  that  Christ  will  me  arise  ]  Therefore,  dear 
friends,  lament  for  me  no  more  |  I  am  not  lost  bat  gone  a  while  before.  |  Henry  Winship,  died  April  14th, 
1792,  aged  88.  Mrs.  I.  Collison,  died  June  14th,  1794,  aged  91.  William  Winship,  died  June  22nd,  1797, 
aged  65.  Ruhannah  Winship,  died  April  8th,  1808,  aged  73.  William  Collison  Winship,  son  of 
Collison  Winship  of  Newton,  died  January  31st,  1813,  aged  2  years.  Henry  Winship  of  Ovington,  died 
February  28th,  1837,  aged  76  years.     Collinson  Winship,  died  October  7th,  1S49,  aged  77  years. 

H.  S.  E.  Robertus  Jobling  de  Newton-hall,  armiger,  uxori  amantissimae  liberisque  pientissimis  spe 
Christiana  fretus  sui  desiderium,  injens  reliquit  Oct.  18,  1820:  .'Etat.  69. 

In  affectionate  remembrance  of  William  Fenwick  Blackett,  second  son  of  Christopher  Blackett  of 
Wylam,  born  September  14th,  1793,  died  June  20th,  1868.  Also  of  Catherine  Porterfield,  his  widow, 
daughter  of  Robert  Stewart  of  St.  Fort,  Fife,  born  September  27th,  1793,  died  June  22nd,  1873. 

In  a  vault  beneath  this  stone  lie  the  mortal  remains  of  Sarah  Huntley  of  Friarside,  in  the  county  of 
Durham,  and  widow  of  John  Hodgson  of  Elswick,  Northumberland,  esq.,  born  20th  December,  1782, 
died  at  Stelling-hall  25th  June,  1858.  Also  of  their  eldest  son,  John  Hodgson  Hinde  of  Stelling  and 
Ovington,  who  died  25th  November,  1869,  aged  63.  And  of  Alice  Hodgson,  their  second  daughter,  who 
was  born  5th  February,  1808,  and  died  at  Beadnell-hall  in  the  parish  of  Bamburgh,  14th  April,  1871. 
Mary,  youngest  daughter  of  John  and  Sarah  Hodgson,  died  i8th  November,  1870,  aged  69. 

Here  lyeth  the  body  of  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  John  Jobling  and  Barbara,  who  departed  this  life  May 
7th,  1758,  aged  4  years.  Also  the  body  of  John  Jobling  of  Shaw-house,  who  departed  this  life  November 
9th,  1759,  aged  75  years.  Abraham,  son  of  John  Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  died  March  9th,  1763.  Also 
the  body  of  Alice,  wife  of  John  Jobling  of  Shaw-house,  who  departed  this  life  April  17th,  1767,  aged  84 
years.  John  Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  he  died  27th  day  of  August,  1789,  aged  71  years.  William  Jobling 
Bro.\bushes,  he  died  April  5th,  1797,  aged  70  years.  John  Jobling,  son  of  William  Jobling,  he  died  June 
22nd,  1796,  aged  39  years.  Anne,  wife  of  William  Jobling,  died  February  loth,  1798,  aged  85  years. 
Barbara  Jobling,  wife  of  John  Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  she  died  April  25th,  1800,  aged  72  years.  Cresswell 
Jobling,  their  son,  died  at  Newton-hall,  September  26th,  1835,  aged  77  years. 

Here  lieth  the  body  of  John,  son  of  Thomas  and  Christian  Jobling  of  Styford,  he  died 
December  30th,  1797,  aged  6  years.  Christian,  wife  of  Thomas  Jobling,  died  August  nth,  1804,  aged 
47.  The  above  Thomas  Jobling  died  August  12th,  1839,  aged  81  years.  Elizabeth  Jobling,  died 
March  3rd,  1845,  aged  79  years.  William,  son  of  the  above,  died  May  19th,  1849,  aged  65  years.  Ann, 
wife  of  the  above  William  Jobling,  died  at  Morpeth,  May  7th,  1S61,  aged  78  years. 

In  memory  of  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Mr.  William  Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  daughter  of  John  Blackett, 
esq.  of  Wylam,  who,  with  her  infant  children,  lies  here  interred.  She  died  August  14th,  1S03,  aged  50 
years.     Mr.  William  Jobling,  he  died  January  24th,  1810,  aged  54. 

George  Wailes  of  Bearl,  ob'  September  2nd,  1787,  aged  58  years.  William,  son  of  George  and 
Elizabeth  Wailes,  died  at  Shilbottle,  December  nth,  1799 

'  Proceedings  0/ the  Newcastle  Soc.  of  Antiq.  vol.  iii.  p.  129. 

"  Ibid.  vol.  iv.  p.  55. 

'  Mr.  C.  J.  Bates  suggests  the  following  reading  :  Ut  surgant  gentes  voco  Jiorain  cito  jacentes. 
{Arch.  Ael.  vol.  xi.  p.  15,  and  Proceedings  of  the  Newcastle  Soc.  of  Antiq.  vol.  iii.  p.  129.) 


112  THE    PARISH    OF   RYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

The  ordination  of  the  vicarage  is  no  longer  extant,  but  it  was  certainly 
of  an  early  date,  and  was  probably  made  soon  after  the  acquisition  of  the 
church  by  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham.  The  assessment  of  the 
vicarage  made  in  the  return  to  the  king's  writ  Levari  facias  in  131 1  was 
31s.  io|d.' 

On  the  dissolution  of  the  monasteries,  the  church  and  rectory  of  Bywell 
St.  Peter,  with  the  advowson  of,  or  the  presentation  to,  the  chantry  of  St. 
John  Baptist  within  the  same  church,  were  granted  in  1541  to  the  newly- 
constituted  dean  and  chapter  of  Durham.-  The  rectorial  tithes  continued  in 
the  possession  of  the  dean  and  chapter,  under  whom  they  were  farmed  by 
lessees,  until  with  their  other  capitular  estates  they  were  transferred  to  the 
Ecclesiastical  Commissioners,  who  have  appropriated  fractional  parts  of  the 
same  to  the  ministers  of  the  newly-formed  parishes  of  Newton-hall  and 
Healey.  The  advowson  or  right  of  presentation  to  the  benefice  was  trans- 
ferred in  1884  to  the  archdeacon  of  Northumberland. 

Vicars  of  Bywell  St.  Peter. 

Walter,  the  priest,  predecessor  of  Salomon,  dead  before  1 174. 

1 174.     Salomon  the  priest.' 

1196  (circa).     Patricius.' 

1280.     Hugh,  the  vicar  of  St.  Peter's,  party  to  an  agreement  made  in  1280  with  the  prior  and  convent  of 
Durham  about  the  chapel  of  Whittonstal!  ;  ^°   also  mentioned  in  the  deed  of  endowment  of 
the  chantry  of  St.  John  Baptist. 
Walteru?  de  Jarrow  resigned  his  benefice  19th  December,  1312.^ 

1313.  Walter  de  Shirburn  per.  res.  Walter  de  Jarrow,  instituted  25th  February,  1312/3.^  Acquittance 
from  Walter  de  Shirburn,  vicar  of  St.  Peter's,  for  35s.  sterling  paid  by  the  convent  of  Durham 
in  the  name  of  his  vicarage  on  St.  Cuthbert's  day  in  March.  Dated  at  Evenwood 
22nd  .April,  1313.^^ 

1315.  Gilbert  de  Heley,  instituted  21st  August,  1315,''  procurator  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham, 
who,  for  his  good  services,  granted  to  him  for  his  life,  but  not  to  his  successors,  the  tithes  of 
all  his  own  animals  within  the  parish  of  St.  Peter's.' 

1342  (circa).  Adam  de  Byngham  "  1334  :  Mandate  from  Edward  III.  to  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland 
to  give  reseisin  to  John,  prior  of  Durham,  of  a  tenement  and  chattels  unjustly  detained  by 
Adam  de  Bingham,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  since  the  first  voyage  to  Gascony  of  his  great- 
grandfather, Henry  III.,  if  the  prior  can  show  his  right  to  it,  the  said  tenement  and  chattels 
to  be  in  peace  until  a  day  appointed  by  William  Bassett,  Thomas  de  Fencoles,  and  Roger  de 
Blaykeston,  who  are  to  have  a  jury  of  twelve  men  to  assist.^ 

1346.  .Adam  de  Newsome,  instituted  23rd  May,  1342;"^  resigned  the  benefice  3rd  May,  1349''° 
Acquittance  in  1346  from  Adam  de  Newsome,  vicar  of  Bywell  Peter,  to  Hugh  de  Bywell, 
chaplain,  proctor  of  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham  for  scxaginta  decein  soUcies  avgenli  from 
the  fruits  of  the  same  church  due  at  St.  Cuthbert  in  March." 

1 349.     Gilbert  de  Slaveley  per.  res.  Newsame.' 

1356.     William  de  Eges  after  the  death  of  Gilbert  de  Slaveley.' 

'  Cf.  Bp.  Kellawe's  Register,  vol.  i.  p.  281,  vol.  ii.  pp.  835,  84S,  880.        =  Pat.  Rolls,  33  Hen.  VIII.  p.  9. 


CHURCH    OF    BYWEIX    ST.    PETER.  II3 

136S.  John  de  Iiigilby  after  the  death  of  William  de  Eges.'  Acquittance  in  1369  from  John  de  Ingelby, 
vicar  of  St.  Peter's,  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham  for  his  pension  of  £2.  Armorial 
seal,  round,  |  in.     Fess  between  3  annulets.^- 

1369.     Nicholas  de  Ingilby  per.  res.  or  death  of  John  de  Ingilby.' 

1390.  Nicholas  de  Ingilby,  per.  res.  Nicholas  de  Ingilby;'  as  perpetual  vicar  of  St.  Peter's  he  was  party 
to  a  deed  dated  4th  May,  1390,  which  recites  to  a  deed  made  May  20th,  1337,  by  Gilbert  de 
Heley,  vicar  of  .St.  Peter's." 

1405.     Williain  Yssop  after  the  death  of  Nicholas  de  Ingilby.' 

1420.  William  Newton  after  the  death  of  Yssop,'  chaplain  to  the  earl  of  Westmorland,  who,  in  a  letter, 
written  in  French,  dated  at  Raby  3rd  November  (1420),  solicited  the  prior  and  convent  to" 
confer  the  benefice  upon  him.° 

1446.     William  de  Wyntringham  after  the  death  of  Newton.' 

1469.     William  Hynd  per.  res.  Wyntringham.' 

1484.     Richard  Saunder  after  the  death  of  Hynd.' 

1493.  Thomas  Lee,'  presented  12th  January,  1492/3,"  after  the  death  of  Saunder,  resigned  his  benefice 
8th  January,  1498/9.'° 

1499.     Thomas  Todd  per.  res.  Lee;'   appeared  at  the  Bishop's  Visitation,  November  i6th,  1501." 

1510.     Thomas  Bentley  after  the  death  of  Todd.' 

1526.     John  Forster  per.  res.  Bentley.' 

1541.  Mylo  Swahvell,  presented  3rd  January,  1 540/1,  after  the  death  of  Forster  ;'  his  acciuittance, 
dated  8th  November,  1544,  to  Dr.  Watson  for  the  vicarage  of  Bywell,  is  preserved  in  the 
treasury  at  Durham.'- 

1557.     Thomas  Bolton  (prebendary  of  Durham),  presented  3rd  June,  1557,  after  the  death  of  Swallwell.' 

156S.     James  Brown,  S.V.D.M.,  presented  nth  March,  1567/8,  after  the  death  of  Bolton.' 

1568.     Thomas  Wilkinson,  S.V.D.M.,  presented  14th  August,  1568,  after  the  death  of  Brown.'     He  did 
not  enter  an  appearance  at  the  Chancellor's  Visitation,  held  at  Corbridge,  25th  January, 
1577/8;  Nulla  modo  comparuit  fugam  ffcit." 
(John  Thew,  the  'black  vicar,'  occurs  i8th  April,  1580  ;■'  as  curate  he  appeared  at  the  Chancellor's 
Visitation  in  July,  1578.'*) 

1581      John  Woodfall,  instituted  4th  October,  1581,"  after  the  deprivation  of  Wilkinson.' 

1586.     Thomas  Mitford,  S.V.D.M.,  presented  30th  August,   1586,  per.  cess.  Woodfall '(?  of  St.  Mary's 
Hall,  0.\on.  ;  matric.  19th  February,  1582/3). 
Christopher  Fewell  was  curate  of  Bywell  Peter,  at  a  salary  of  ^10  per  annum,  in  1592.'" 

1630.     Gilbert  Kipling.' 

1649  (circa).  John  Davis,  Fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Camb.,'  a  native  of  Worcestershire  ;  'he  first 
settled  at  Kirkoswald,  where  his  ministry  was  very  acceptable  and  useful.'  At  Bywell  '  he 
had  good  success  till  the  Act  of  Uniformity  silenced  him.      Afterwards  he  lived  at  Welton, 

three  miles  from  Bywell  After  being  silenced  he  had  a  letter  from  his  elder  brother, 

who  offered  him  great  things  if  he  would  but  conform,  but,  upon  his  refusing  to  comply,  he 
never  would  own  him  afterwards.  After  the  Conventicle  Act  came  out  he  preached  to  all 
comers,  and  yet  there  never  was  any  meeting  disturbed  in  his  house.  He  took  also  many  painful 
journeys  over  the  mountains,  not  regarding  the  weather,  to  the  good  people  in  Weardale  and 

Allendale,  where  he  did  much  good Though  he  was  of  the  Congregational  way,  yet  he 

was  a  lover  of  all  good  men,  and  all  good  men  loved  him.'"  Calamy  says  that  he  died  in 
1676,  aged  50,  but  a  man  of  this  name  was  buried  at  Ovingham,  26th  January,  1683/4."° 

1662.  Richard  Bradley,  M.A.,  presented  29th  April;'  instituted  24th  June,  1662;"  buried  24th 
December,  1673;"  li's  wife,  Susanna,  was  buried  20th  December,  166S  "  (?  of  Queen's 
College,  Oxon.,  matric.  17th  October,  1617,  aged  15). 

1674.     Thomas  Broughton,  M.A.,  presented  Sth  January,  1673/4,'-^  after  the  death  of  Bradley.' 

1694.  Matthew  Owen,  instituted  2Sth  November,  1694,  after  the  death  of  Broughton  ;'  in  the  following 
year  he  enlarged  and  repaired  St.  Peter's  vicarage,  and  died  24th  November,  1699." 

Vol.  VI.  15 


•'4 


THE    TARISH    OF    RYWEU.    ST.    PETER 


1700.     John   llaitis,  of  Magdalen  College,  Camb.,  M.A.,  instituted  24lh  Febiuaiy,  1699/1700,'  after  the 

death  of  Owen.     Rector  of  St.  Mary-le-Bow,  Durham,  1695.-" 
1703.     Francis  Clement,  of  Christ  College,  Camb.,  B.A.,  instituted  6th  March,   1702/3,  after  the  death 

of  Hartis,'  inducted   22nd  June.      Rector  of  St.   Mary-lc-liow  and  of  St.   Mary-the-I.ess, 

Durham,  1700,  in  which  year,  on  the  9th  July,  he  married  .Ann   Hunter  of  .Medomsley ;'"" 

buried  6th  June,  1732." 
1732.     Robert  Simon,  B.A.,  instituted  2nd  December,  1732,"^  after  the  death  of  Clement  ;  he  died  Sth 

January,  1773,"  and  was  buried  on  the  12th  of  the  same  month."     His  son,  Robert,  was 

apprenticed  in  1748  to  Cuthbert  Smith  of  Newcastle,  mercer,  and  was  admitted  free  of  the 

Merchants'  Company  in  1755." 

1773.  Nicholas  Hornsby,  son  of  Thomas  Hornsby  of  Durham,  of  Merton  College,  Oxon.;  matric.  1760, 

B.A.  1764,  M.A.  176S;  instituted  17th  April,  1773,'*  after  the  death  of  Simon.' 

1774.  Richard  Fleming,  B.A.,  instituted  i6th  December,  1774,'^  after  the  resignation  of  Hornsby.' 
1778.     John  Fleming,  M.A.,  instituted  30th  July,  1778,'"  died  24th  December,  1789,  aged  45."  " 

1790.  Dickens  Hazelwood,  of  Christ  Church,  Oxon.;  matric.  1777,  B.A.  1781,  M.A.  1784;  rector  of  St. 

Mary  in  the  South  Bailey,  Durhatii,  1789;""  sacrist  and  librarian  at  Durham;"'  instituted 
2nd  April,  1790;'^   buried  7th  October,  1821. 

1791.  Edward  Parker,  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxon.;   matric.  1780,  B.A.  1783,  M.A.  1789;  rector  of  St. 

Mary-le-Bow,  Durham,  1788;""  instituted  17th  December,  1791  ;"  died  27th  April,  1809. 
1795.     Henry  Johnson,  instituted  loth  August,  1795,'^  a  native  of  Hesket  Newmarket,  also  the  incumbent 

of  Bywell  St.  Andrew's,  and  of  several  other  benefices  in  the  county  ;  died  Sth  February, 

1828,  aged  84." 
1828.     Edward  Cook,  after  the  death  of  Johnson  ;  died  of  consumption  at  Clifton,   7th   March,  1845, 

aged  44." 
1845.     Brereton  Edward  Dwarris,  son  of  Sir  Fortunatus  Dwarris,  F.R.S.,  born  in  London,  22nd  May, 

1810 ;    educated   at  Eton  and   at   University   College,   Durham  ;    B.A.   1839,   M.A.    1842  ; 

some  time   fellow   and   tutor  of  the   University  of  Durham,  and   honorary  canon  of  the 

Cathedral   there  ;    subsequently  honorary  canon  of  Newcastle  ;   one  of  the  founders  and 

chairman   of  the   managers  of  the    North-Eastern    Counties'    School   at    Barnard    Castle ; 

died  at  York,  loth  May,  1901,  aged  84  years  ;  buried  at  Bywell  St.  Peter. 
1901.     Samuel  Jeffery,  scholar  of  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge,  1871  ;  B.A.  1875,  M.A.  1S78;  inspector 

of  schools  for  the  diocese  of  Newcastle  ;  and  honoi-ary  canon  of  Newcastle. 


'  Randal,  State  of  the  Churches. 

-  Bishop  Kellawe's  Register,  vol.  i.  p.  291. 

'  Ibid.  vol.  i.  p.  296. 

'  Ibid.  vol.  ii.  p.  716. 

^  Reg.    II.    Eccles.    Diuiebn.    p.    98;     Rev.    John 

Hodgson's  Collection. 
'  Northtimberland  Assize  Roll,  18-22  Edw.  III. 
^  Dur.  Treas,  Misc.  Documents,  No.  241. 
'  Ibid.  1^°- 1^""  Spec.  No.  13. 
°  Ibid.  Misc.  Doc.  No.  1083. 
'°  Ibid.  Misc.  Doc.  No.  243. 
"  Eccl.  Free,  of  Bishop  Barnes,  p.  xxii. 
'^  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  2,750. 
"  Eccl.  Proc.  Bishop  Barnes,  p.  30. 
'••'  Ibid.  p.  71. 

'*  Public  Record  Office;  Liber  Institulionuin. 
"  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  Nos.  3,271,  3,291. 
"  Calamy,  Ejected   or  Silenced  Ministers,   second 

edition  (1713),  vol.  ii.  p.  518.     Continuation 

(1727),  vol.  ii.  p.  684. 


"  Register  of  Bywell  St.  Peter. 

'"M.I.,  Bywell  St.  Peter. 

■°  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  iv.  pt.  ii.  pp.  41  and  45. 

■'  Nez^'castle  Courant,  i6th  January,  1773. 

'"  Newcastle  Merchant  Adventurers,  Dendy,  vol.  ii. 

p.  362. 
-'  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.,  No.  5,833. 
"  Register  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew. 
■■'  M.I.  Bywell  St.  Andrew. 
-''  Uvingham  Registers. 
-'  Durham  Cathedral  Register. 
'"'  Canon  Raine's  Notes  from  Durham  Records. 
•»  Dur.  Treas.  4"'  3"'""  Sacr.  No.  26. 
"Ibid.        Ibid.  No.  31. 
"  Ibid.        Ibid.  No.  32. 
'-'  Ibid.        Ibid.  No.  32. 
"•'  Ibid.         Ibid.  No.  32. 
*'  Bishoji  Kellawe's  Register,  vol  iii.  p.  435. 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER.  II5 

The  parish   register  as   now  existing   begins  in    1663.      The   following 
notices  are  extracted  as  specimens  : 

Bywell  St.  Peter's  Register. 

Anthonius  filius  Nicholai  Andrew  de  Kipperlin,  baptised. 

Georgius  filius  Cuthberti  Siuetis,  baptised. 

Johannes  Feuster  de  Frammagate  in  civitate  Dunelmi  et  Elizabetlia  Raw  dc  eadem, 

married. 
Johannes  Newton  and  Eli.  Newton,  married. 
Willelmus  filius  Willelmi  Suertis  de  Whittonstall,  baptised. 
Joseph  filius  Lanceloti  Newton  et  Sarah  filia  ejus  gemelli,  baptised. 
Robertus  Burrell  et  Anna  Newton,  married. 
Arthurius  filius  Gilberti  Newton  de  Ridley  mola,  baptised. 
Barbara  et  Elizabetha  gemelli  Jo.  Nwton  (sic),  baptised. 
Leonardus  Bate  de  Brumley,  buried. 
Willelmus  Suertis  de  High  Fotherley,  buried. 
Willelmus  Bate  et  Dorothea  Davison,  married. 

Robertus  et  Willelmus  gemelli  Robert!  Newton  de  Stoxfield,  buried. 
Jenkin  Newton  and  Mary  Smith,  married. 
George  Surtis  and  Margery  Bell,  married. 
William  Bate  and  Elizabeth  Taylor,  married. 
Jane,  daughter  of  Mr.  Ralph  Delaval,  baptised. 
Ralph  Seymor  of  Rochelfoot,  buried,  aged  io6  as  is  reported. 
Mr.  Robert  Greenwell  of  Lamesley  and  Mrs.  Phillis  Awbony  of  .All  Saints,  Newcastle, 

married. 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ogle  of  .\pperley,  buried. 

Anthony  Surtees  of  Hedley  Wood-head  and  .Ann  Hunible  of  Whittonstall,  married. 
Anthony  Dodd  of  the  parish  of  Ryton  and  Isabel  Humble  of  Whittonstall,  married. 
Michael  Greenwell,  parish  of  Corbridge,  and  Ann  Milburn  of  this  parish,  married. 
Thomas  Bates,  parish  of  Ovingham,  and  Barbara  Willey  of  Whittonstall,  married. 

Miscellanea. 

1282.  There  was  a  suit  before  the  Official  of  the  bishop  between  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham 
acting  on  behalf  of  the  church  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  and  John  de  Baliolo,  lord  Castle  Barnard,  the 
tithes  of  the  water  mill  and  of  the  fishery  within  the  limits  of  the  parish  not  having  been  paid  for  a 
long  time.  It  was  brought  before  the  commissary  (Richard  Stanhope  being  Baliol's  proctor)  in  the 
Galilee  at  Durham  on  Tuesday  after  the  Ascension,  1282.  The  prior  and  convent  obtained  a  decree. 
Seal  oval,  ij  in.  by  "  in.  A  man  standing  to  the  left  in  front  of  a  tree :  at  the  foot  of  the  tree  a  pig. 
^  SVSCIPE  :  GILBERTUM:  VIRGO  '  MARIA  TVVM  :  (A  seal  used  by  Gilbert  de  Suthayk,  commissary  of 
the  bishop.)     Ditr.  Treas.  4'"  2,"""'  Sacr.  No.  34. 

In  an  undated  document  of  the  fourteenth  century,  the  sacrist  of  Durham  petitions  the  proctor  of  the 
same  church  before  the  official  against  William  Carse  for  the  restitution  of  the  tithes  of  Bywell  St. 
Peter.     Dnr.  Treas.  4'"  3''"''  Sacr.  No.  29. 

The  following  judgment  pronounced  in  1315  with  regard  to  the  rights  of  the  monastery  of  Durham, 
through  their  church  of  Byw-ell  St.  Peter,  in  Shildon  moor,  though  of  somewhat  curious  Latinity  and 
filled  with  a  great  amount  of  technical  verbiage,  possesses  so  much  interest  as  to  warrant  its  being 
given  in  full.  'Acta  in  Galilea  Dunelm.  die  Jovis  pro.xima  ante  festum  S.  Marci  Ewang.  Anno  Dni. 
m.ccc.xv.  coram   nobis    Dni.   Dunolm.    Epi.    officiali    in    causa   decimarum  dudum   mota  coram    nobis 


1663,  Aug. 

16. 

1664,  April 

14- 

1664,  May 

3'' 

1664,  July 

T 

1665,  Nov. 

25- 

1665,  May 

23- 

1665,  June 

27- 

1665/6,  Mar. 

13- 

1666/7,  Jan. 

20. 

1667,  Aug. 

20. 

1667/8,  Mar, 

,  21. 

1669,  Nov. 

25- 

1671/2,  Jan. 

5- 

1676,  June 

25. 

1676,  Nov. 

2. 

1677,  Nov. 

29. 

1677,  Dec. 

8. 

1703/4,  Mar 

•23- 

1707/8,  Feb. 

■3- 

1 70S,  Dec. 

31- 

1 73 1,  Aug. 

IS- 

i738/9>  Jan. 

27- 

1742,  June 

1743.  May 

26. 

Il6  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEIX    ST.    PETER. 

inter  religiosos   viros  priorem  el  conv.   Ecclesiae   Dunolm.  ecclesiam   parochialciii  de    liywclle   Petr 
Dunoliii.    dioc.    in    usus    proprios    canonice    optinentes    actores    per    Adam    de    Leycestre    clericum 
procuratoreni   suum   legitime   conslitutum   ex  parte  una  et  Willelmum  .'\yrik   de   Corbrige   reum   per 
Johanneni   Belle  procuratoicm  suum  legitime  constitutum  ex  altera  comparentes  ac  diucius  ventilata 
viz.  cum  constaiet  nobis  partes  ipsas  dictos  diem  et  locum  habere  legitime  coram  nobis  ad  audiendam 
diffinitivam  sentenciam  in   causa  memorata  rimato  processu  in  eo  babito  et  super  eo  cum  jurispeiitis 
dcliberatione  habita   pleniorl   ad   sentenciam    in   cadem   causa   procedimus   in   hunc   moduni.       In  Dei 
nomine  .\men.     Auditis  et  intellectis  meritis  causae  deciniarum  quae  vertitur  coram  nobis  Dni.  Dunolm. 
Epi.  officiali  inter  religiosos  viros  priorem  et  conventum  ecclesiae  Uunolm.  ecclesiam  de  Bywelle  Petri 
Dunolm.  dioc.  in  proprios  usus  canonice  optinentes  actores  per  Adam  de  Leycestre  procurat.  suum 
ex   parte   una   et  Willelmum   Ayrik    de    Corbrige    reum   per  Johannem    Belle   proc.   suum   ex   altera 
comparentes  dato  libello  verboruni  subscriptorum  seriem  continente  coram  vobis  Dne  judex  dico  et  in 
jure  propono  ego  procurator  relig.  virorum  prions  et  conv.  monasterii   Dunolm.  ecclesiam  parochialem 
de  Bywelle  Petri  in  proprios  usus  optinencium  nomine  procuratorio  pro  eisdem  contra  Willelmum  .Ayrik 
de  Corbrige  et  contra  quemlibet  legitime  intervenientem  in  judicio   pro  eodem  quod  licet  percepcio 
decimarum  tam  majorum  quam  minorum  de  quibuscumque    rebus  infra  parochiam  ecclesiae   praed. 
existentibus  et  praesertim  de  animalibus  se  ibidem  decubantibus  et  depascentibus  proveniencium  ac 
decimae  ipsae  ad  ipsam  ecclesiam  parochialem  et  ad  dominos  meos  praed.  nomine  ejusdem  ecclesiae 
pertineant  et  pertinere  ac  spectare  notorie  dinoscantur  praefatusque  Willelmus  trecentas  oves   infra 
dictam  parochiam  per  tres  annos  continuos  pascentes  et  decubantes  optinuisset  quarum  decima  lanae 
ad  dictam  ecclesiam  parochialem  et  ad  dominos  meos  praed.  ejusdem  ecclesiae  nomine  ut  praeinittatur 
spectare  et  pertinere  notorie  dinoscitur  fueruntque  dicti  domini  mei  in  possessione  vel  quasi  jure  hujus 
deciinas  percipiendi  nomine  quo  supra  per  tempus  et  a  tempore  cujus  principii  memoria  non  existit 
notorie  et  inconcusse  dictus   tamen  Willelmus  decimam  lanae  praed.  quam  facio  et  estimo  singulis 
annis  ad  xv.   solidos  argenti   per  tres  annos  continuos   proximos  jam  elapsos  praefatae  ecclesiae   et 
dommis  meis  praed.   maliciose  et  injuste  detinuit  et  subtraxit  ac  eciam  de  eadem   decima   vel   ejus 
estimacione  satisfacere  recusabit  et  adhuc  recusat  legitime  requiritus  dominos  meos  praed.  et  ecclesiam 
suam  praefatam  possessione  sua  \el  quasi  suprascripta  temere   spoliando  in  animae  suae  periculum 
dictorum  doininorum  meorum  et  ecclesiae  suae  praed.  praejudicium  dampnum  non  modicum  et  gravamen. 
Quare  peto  ego  procurator  antedictus  nomine  quo  supra  probatis  in  hac  parte  probandis  dictas  decimas  et 
earum  percepcionem  ad  ecclesiam  parochialem  praed.  et  ad  dominos  meos  praed.  ejus  nomine  spectare  ac 
pertinere  debere  et  eciam  pertinere  per  vos  Dne  judex  sentencialiter  et  dififinitive  pronunciari  et  declarari 
ipsosque   dominos   meos  et   ecclesiam   suam  praed.   ad  statum   pristinum  percipiend'  dictas   decimas 
restitui  et  reduci  ac  ipsum  Willelmum  in  supradicta  decima  per  tres  annos  ut  praedicitur  detenta  atque 
subtracta  si  exstat  alioquin  in  ejus  estitnacione  praedicta  condempnari  condempnatumque  ad  solucionem 
per  vos   canonice   compelli  justiciam  in  omnibus  dictis  dominis   meis  et    mihi   eorum   nomine  fieri   et 
exhiberi  praemissa  propono  et  peto  nomine  quo  supra  divisim  seu  conjunctim  offerens  me  ad  ea  solum- 
modo  probanda  quae  dominis  meis  et  mihi  eorum  nomine  sufficere  poterunt  ad  id  quod  intendo  petens 
ut  quatenus  probavero  eatenus  optineam  juris  beneficio  in  omnibus  semper  salvo.     Licet  ad  eundem 
libellum  verbis  negatviis  legitime  contestata  per  partem  ream  dicentem  narrata  prout  narrantur  vera 
non  esse  et  ideo  petita  prout   petuntur  fieri  non  debere  juramento  secundum  qualitatem  et  naturam 
negocii  hinc  inde  praestito  traditis  posicionibus  et  responsionibus  habitis  ad  easdem  productis  testibus 
juratis  et  eoruin  dictis   seu  depositionibus  publicatis  et  nonullis  instrumentis   et  munimentis  exhibitis 
datisque  terminis  ad  dicendum   in  testes  et  eorum  dicta  ac  contra  instrumenta  et  munimenta  hujus 
necnon  ad  proponenda  omnia  in  facto  consistencia  et  demuni  concluso  in  causa  jurisque  ordine  qui  in  hoc 
casu  requiritur  per  omnia  observato.    Quia  nos  oflicialis  praed.  invenimus  praefatos  religiosos  intencionem 
suam  m  judicio  deduciam  et  specialiter  Blakedenburne  prout  se  extendit  ad  locum  ilium  qui  dicilur  le 
Swyncoteleche  et  ex  hinc  versus  le  Standindestane  ex  parte  occidentali  de  Nicholesheued  sequendo  le 
Merkedyke  usque  ad  murum  qui  vulgariter  dicitur  murus  Pietorum  fore  limites  parochiae  de  Bywelle 
Petri  a  parochiae  ecclesiae  de  Corbrige  distinguentes  ac  loca  ilia  quae  vocantur  Schillingdonlawes  et 
Motelawes  infra  parochiam  praed.  ecclesiae  de  Bywelle  Petri  notorie  existere  necnon  dictum  Willelmum 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER.  II7 

animalia  sua  prout  in  libello  praefato  plenius  continetur  pavisse  in  locis  eisdem  suiScienter  et  legitime 
probavisse  jus  percipiendi  omnes  decimas  infra  limites  ipsius  parochiae  de  Bywelle  Petri  et  praeserlim 
in  locis  de  Schillingdonlawes  et  Motelawes  ac  omnibus  aliis  locis  infra  dictos  limites  existentibus  qualiter- 
cumque  provenientes  et  earum  percepcionem  ad  sepedictani  ecclesiam  de  Bywelle  Petri  et  ad  eosdem 
religiosos  ejus  nomine  pertinere  debere  et  eciam  pertinere  in  hiis  scriptis  sententialiter  et  dififinitive 
pronunciamus  et  eciam  declaramus  eosdemque  religiosos  ad  possessionem  suam  pristinam  percipiendi 
decimas  hujus  restituimus  et  statum  suum  percipiendi  eas  eisdem  plenarie  reformamus  dictumque 
Willelmum  in  decima  lanae  subtracta  ut  praemittitur  si  extet  alioquin  in  ejus  estimacione  praed.  et  ad 
solvendam  decimam  de  animalibus  suis  ibidem  depascentibus  et  cubantibus  in  futurum  necnon  in 
expensis  quarum  taxacionem  nostro  reservamus  arbitrio  condempnamus.  Acta  et  data  die  loco  et 
anno  supra  dictis.  Dur.  Treas.  2''"  2''"'  Spec.  No.  12.  Seal  of  the  officiality  attached,  pointed  oval,  2  in. 
by  l^  in.     The  Annunciation,  beneath  a  half-figure  praying.     >^   sigillvm  :  OFFICI.-VLITATIS  :  DONELMIE. 

1418.  The  prior  and  convent  of  Durham  obtained  a  sentence  in  their  favour  against  the  abbot  and 
convent  of  Blanchland  for  the  tithe  of  wool  in  Fawderley,  Heley-moor,  and  Baliwode,  in  the  parish  of 
Bywell  St.  Peter.  Dur.  Treas.  4'"  y^"^'  Sacr.  No.  5.  4"'  3""°  Sacr.  No.  6  is  another  copy  of  2''"  2''"  Spec. 
No.  12  (1315),  but  has  William  Yonge  de  Corbrige  in  place  of  William  Ayrik,  as  a  duplicate  of  No. 
12  also  has.  To  4'"  3""°  Sacr.  No.  5  the  seal  of  the  officiality  is  attached,  pointed  oval,  i^  in.  by  i§  in. 
Annunciation,  beneath  half  figure  praying,  full  face.  ^  SIGILLV  :  OFFICI.alit.\tiS  :  DUNELME.  It  is  a 
different  seal  from  the  preceding  one. 

1552.  Inventory  of  church  goods,  Bywell  Petter.  Tovve  vestments,  iii  alter  clothes,  one  pare  of 
latten  sensers,  one  lytell  belle,  ii  belles  in  the  stepell,  one  hally  watter  pott  of  brase,  one  challes  of  tene, 
ii  suppleses,  ii  candelstekes  of  brasse,  one  hand  bell. 

One  challes  of  silver,  gilte,  viii  ounces ;  one  tene  challes,  ii  small  belles  in  the  stepell,  one  coppe, 
ii  vestmentes,  one  albe,  ii  candelstykes  of  tynne,  one  crewed  of  tene.  Inv.  of  Church  Goods,  Page,  p.  165. 
Surt.  Soc.  No.  97. 

1665,  August.  The  collection  ordered  to  be  made  for  people  infected  with  the  plague  and  pestilence 
at  Bywell  Peter  produced  3s.  gd.     Mick.  MS.  xx.  23 

1666,  October  loth.  On  the  fast  day  ordered  by  royal  proclamation,  the  collection  made  at  Bywell 
St.  Peter  for  the  sufferers  in  the  Great  Fire  of  London  produced  Ss.  loid.     Mick.  MSS.  xx.  12. 

1685,  June  5th.  Whereas  ye  24  and  churchwardens  of  Bywell  St.  Peter  had  a  sumuns  to  meet  this 
day,  now  so  many  of  them  as  did  meet  have  agreed  to  lay  on  a  sess,  viz.,  6d.  per  plow  thro'  the  parish, 
and  do  hereby  lay  on  ye  said  sess,  etc.     Churchwardens'  Books. 

1685,  June  9th.     Roge  money,  2s.  6d.  ;  for  fox  heads,  one  old  and  ye  other  young,  is.  6d.     Ibid. 

1688,  December  13th.  Dame  Elizabeth  Radcliffe,  by  her  will  of  this  date,  gave  £4  per  annum  to  the 
poor  of  the  parish  of  Bywell,  especially  of  Newlands  and  Whittonstall.  This  is  paid  out  of  Nafferton 
estate.     Reports  of  the  Commissioners  to  enquire  concerning  Charities,  1819-1837. 

1691,  May  9th.  We  present  John  Richley  for  grinding  corn  on  the  Lord's  day.  Archdeacon's 
Minute  Book. 

1693/4,  February  i6th.  Joseph  Teasdale  of  Broomley,  by  will  of  this  date,  gave  20s.  per  annum  to 
the  poor  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  to  be  paid  out  of  his  lands  in  Broomley.  Reports  of  the  Commissioners  to 
enquire  concerning  Charities,  1819-1831. 

1695,  May  14th.  Agreed  then,  that  two  cesses  of  6d.  per  plough  be  laid  on  the  parish  for  paving  the 
floor  of  the  church,  and  making  it  plain  and  even  ;  the  one  to  be  gathered  on  ye  24th  of  June,  the  other 
to  be  gather'd  on  ye  29th  June.     Churchwardens'  Books. 

1706,  December  21st.  Paid  for  one  brock  and  one  fovvmert's  head,  8d.  ;  for  a  table  cloth  for  ye 
Communion  table,  viz.,  a  green  carpet,  8s.  ;  for  dying  ye  said  carpet  and  making  it,  3s.  6d.  ;  for  fulling  it 
and  wooll  for  ye  cushion,  2s.  3d.     Ibid. 

171 1,  August  13th.  Paid  then  to  John  Bacon,  esq.,  £11  i8s.  3d.,  due  to  him  for  twenty  pigs  of  lead 
us'd  in  repairing  ye  roof  of  ye  s''  parish  church.     Ibid. 

1715,  April  i8th.     Paid  for  mending  ye  king's  coat  of  arms  in  ye  church,  is.     Ibid. 

1 7 16,  November  12th.  Brief  for  ye  reformed  episcopal  churches  in  Great  Poland  and  Polish 
Prussia,  5s.     Ibid. 


Il8  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWp:i,I.  ST.    PETER. 

1 7 19.     The  foUowinj,-  petition  of  the  minister,  churchwardens,  and  overseers  of  tlie  poor  of  the  parish 
of  St.  Peter's  in  By  well,  was  presented  to  the  Midsummer  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions. 

'That  your  peticoners  parish  is  so  very  large  and  populous,  and  has  so  great  a  number  of  poor  that 
it's  not  possible  for  two  churchwardens  and  two  overseers  to  do  the  business  of  the  parish. 
^'our  peticoners,  therefore,  humbly  pray  that  your  worships  will  be  pleased  to  grant  them  an 
order  to  divide  their  parish  into  four  parts  by  the  name  of  Bywell  ward,  Newton  ward,  New 
Ridley  Grieveship,  and  the  Far  Quarter,  and  to  oblige  each  division  to  returne  one  church- 
warden and  one  overseer,  and  to  maintain  the  poor  within  their  own  district  according  to  the 
law  in  such  case  made  and  provided.'  Nicholas  Lawson  for  Bywell  ward  ;  .\braham  Jopling 
for  Newton  ward  ;  Walker  Surtees  for  New  Ridley  grieveship  ;  and  William  Elrington  for 
Far  Quarter,  churchwardens.  Sessions  Records. 
1721,  December  21st.  Paid  for  a  proclamation  and  a  form  of  prayer  for  a  general  fast  on  ye  16th 
day  of  December,  1720,  to  preserve  us  from  ye  plague.     Churchwardens'  Books. 

1740.     Thomas  Rawe,  by  his  will,  gave  Js.  a  year  to  the  poor,  to  be  paid  out  of  his  lands  in  Old 
Ridley.     Reports  of  the  Commissioners  to  enquire  concerning  Charities,  1819-1837. 

1812,  December  21st.     Ordered  that  a  pair  of  stocks  be  purchased  and  fi.xed  in  a  proper  place  at  the 
expence  of  the  two  parishes.     Churchwardens^  Books. 

1815,  December  21st.     Ordered  that  £^  be  advanced  for  a  boat,  to  be  free  to  all  people  going  to 
church,  one  third  to  be  paid  by  St.  Andrew's  parish.     Ibid. 

1848.     Enrolment  of  a  deed  granting  two  pieces  of  land  for  the  enlargement  of  the  churchyard 
of  Bywell  St.  Peter,     ^znd  Report  0/  Deputy  Keeper  of  Public  Records,  vol.  ii.  app.  ii.  p.  108. 


TOWNSHIP     OF     EAST    ACOMB. 

The  township  of  Acomb,  or  East  Acomb,  as  it  is  very  generally  called  in 
order  to  distinguish  it  from  a  place  of  the  same  name  situated  in  the  regality 
of  He.xham,  comprises  435  acres/  and  in   1891   had  a  population  of  30.^ 

An  original  member  of  the  barony  of  Baliol,^  Akom  was  occupied,  in 
1268,  by  four  and  a  half  bondage  tenants  (dondi),  each  of  whom  held  36 
acres  of  Sir  John  de  Baliol,  and  paid  i8s.  yearly,  in  all,  _^4  is.  od.  In 
addition  to  this  there  were  thirty  acres,  which  the  lord  had  purchased 
from  a  certain  freeman  of  his,  leased  to  Uttred  de  Akum  at  15s.  yearly, 
and  75  acres  of  the  same  land  held  by  Richard  '  frerreman '  at  5s.  The 
same  Richard,  and  Walter  de  Prudhow  held  12  acres,  and  paid  a  free  rent  of 
8d.  Adam  Tyew  held  a  cottage  and  6  acres,  for  which  he  paid  3s.  a  year. 
There  was  also  a  piece  of  pasture  land  which  was  farmed  to  the  township 
of  Welteden  (Welten)  in  perpetuity,  at  the  yearly  rent  of   13s.  4d.     The 

'  In  1887,  by  an  order  of  the  Local  Government  Board,  a  detached  portion  of  East  Acomb, 
comprising  about  31  acres  was  added  to  the  township  of  Newton-hall,  and  the  remainder  of  the  township 
was  annexed  to  and  absorbed  in  the  township  of  Bywell. 

-  The  Census  Returns  are  :  1801,  23  ;  1811,  42  :  1821,51;  1831,  36  ;  1841,  37  ;  1851,53;  1861,62; 
1871,  68  ;    1881,  56  ;    1891,  30.     The  census  return  for  1901  is  included  in  that  of  Bywell. 

'  Testa  de  NevtU,  Record  Series,  p.  385. 


EAST    ACOMB    TOWNSHIP.  II9 

total  value  of  the  vill  was  _^5  i8s.  od.'  In  an  extent,  taken  only  three 
years  later,  the  particular  items  are  slightly  different,  for  two  bondmen  held 
36  acres  apiece  and  paid  i8s.  yearly,  5  bondmen  held  18  acres  apiece  and 
paid  9s.,  and  one  bondman  held  a  toft  and  6  acres,  and  paid  3s.  Certain 
farmers  held  30  acres  at  the  will  of  the  lord,  and  together  paid  15s. 
Richard,  son  of  Avice,  and  Walter  de  Prudhowe,  jointly  held  a  toft 
and  26  acres  of  land,  and  paid  yearly  5s.  lod.  The  sum  of  the  whole 
farm  of  Akom  was  _^5  4s.  lod.^ 


AcuM  Subsidy 

Roll, 

1296. 

A 

s 

d. 

Summa  bonorum  Petri  filii  Scyref 

I     3 

0 

uncle 

reg! 

2 

I 

j» 

Robert!  filii  Willelmi 

1     7 

3 

3 

5l 

)» 

Hugonis  filii  Roberti... 

2   1 1 

0 

4 

7* 

Roger!  de  Acum 

I     2 

9 

-7 

I 

» 

Thomae  filii  Hugonis 

2     6 

0 

4 

2i 

'5 

Roberti  praepositi 

2   19 

6 

5 

4l 

Summa  hujus  villae,  ^ii  9s.  6d.       Unde  domino  regi,  20s.   lOjd.  (sic). 

AcoM   Subsidy  Roll,    1336. 
Utredus  de  Acome,  4s.  ;  Walterus  de  Acorn,  3s.  ;   Robertus  Gynour,  2s.  4d.  ;    Summa,  gs.  4d. 

Little  is  known  of  the  history  of  Acomb  during  the  fourteenth  and 
fifteenth  centuries.  In  14 14  William  Lowry  held  a  tenement  and  18  acres 
of  land  in  Acom,  and  paid  a  free  rent  of  I2d. 

Tenants  in  Acomb,  1414.' 

Messu-       Acres  of         „  Messu-      Acres  of 

age.  lacd.  R^"''  age.  land.  R*^"'- 

Johannes  del  Bate    i     ...     36    ...     los.     Alanus  Richerdson i  ...     36  ...     los. 

Johannes  Raw          ...         ...     i     ...     36    ...     10s.     Alanus  Acome          ...         ...  ii           ^  (    5s. 

Johannes  liateetJohannesRavv   i      ...     36     ...     los.  ,  idem  Alanus I'  ""     "^  "  ' '°s- 

Summa,  56s. 

In  1525  the  grange  of  Acom  was  held,  at  the  lord's  will,  of  the  earl  of 
Westmorland,  by  Richard  Weldon,  who  paid  £2  yearly.' 

Stellvn  and  Acam  Muster  Roll,   1538.'' 

Rolland  Hyne,  Thomas  Laydlay,  Robert  Heryngton,  Thomas  Hyne,  Jarrat  Colle,  Willm.  Davison; 
able  with  hors  and  harnes. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  John  de  Baliolo,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43;    inquisition  taken  at  Bywell,  12th  November,  1268; 
cf.  Cat.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  499. 

-  Inq.  p.m.  Hug.  de  Balliol,  55  Hen.  III.  No.  22- 

'  P.  R.  O.  Rentals  and  Surveys,  portfolio  ^■{.  '  Arch.  Act.  new  series,  vol.  i.  p.  133. 

Arch.  Ael.  410  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  178. 


I20 


THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEIX    ST.    PETER. 


At  the  period  of  the  earl  of  Westmorland's  attainder  in  1569,  there  were 
no  free  tenants  in  the  township,  but  five  out  of  six  tenants  held  their 
tenements  by  lease,  and  the  pasture  which,  in  1268,  was  stated  to  be  granted 
to  the  township  of  Welton  in  perpetuity,  seems,  at  this  time,  to  have  been 
held  by  Bearle. 


1570.' 


Tenant. 
Gilbert  Swynbourne 


Tenants  in  Acom 

Holding. 

I  tenement,  with  buildings,  gardens, 
arable,  meadow,  and  pasture  land, 
common  of  pasture,  &c. 


Rent 


Tenure. 

£ 

S. 

d. 

Certain  years 

53 

4 

Lease  dated  15th  Aug., 

1566 

13 

8* 

Lease  dated  24th  Aug., 

1567 

7 

iii 

Certain  years 

13 

8* 

Certain  years 

13 

Si 

At  the  lord's  will    ... 

6 

8 

Thomas  Davyson,  sen.  „  „ 

Thomas  Davyson,jun.  „  „ 

Matthew  Foster  ...  „  „ 

William  Lomley  ...  „  „ 

Edward  Hall 

John  Swynborne  The    water    corn    mills    called     Bywell 

mylles,  &c.,  and  all  the  free  fishing  of 

the  Tyne  in  the  lordships  of  Bywell 

and  Bulbeck ;  as  farmer  he  is  to  do  all 

repairs  to  the  mills  and  mill  pond    ... 
The  tenants  and  inhabitants  of  Berl  for  liberty  on  the  common  of  Acam  and  Bywell,  with 
their  animals,  at  all  times  of  the  year,  by  ancient  custom 


By  lease  dated  27th  March, 
1563,  for  a  term  of  57 
years 


Sum         ...       £12,   12   I  [sic) 

Edward  Hall,  who,  in  1570,  held  his  tenement  by  customary  tenure  'at 
the  lord's  will,'  was  dead  before  1608,  when  he  was  represented  by  George, 
son  of  William  Hall,  who,  however,  seems  to  have  held  but  a  fraction  of  a 
tenement,  at  the  yearly  rent  of  is.  8d. 


Tenant. 

George  Dobson 


William  Hinde^  ... 
Richard  Davison  ... 
William  Winshopp 
Cuthbert  Davison... 
Robert  VVhittfeild... 
Alexander  Malburne 


Tenants  holding  by  Le.\se  in  Acombe,  160S. 

Tenement.  Former  Tenant. 

...     f     Gilbert  Swinburne   .. 


Rent. 


Thomas  Davison,  his  father 
Mathew  Foster 
Thomas  Davison     ... 
William  Lumley 
Thomas  Farebeck  ... 


By  letters  patent, 
granted  6th  October, 
1602,  for  21  years  ... 


By  lease  e.xpired 

By  letters  patent, 
granted  2Sth  June, 
1596  


Value  beyond 
the  Rent. 
i.      s. 


George,sonof  William  Hall     |  ...  ...  

All  the  tenants  of  Berle  have  common  of  pasture  for  their  cattle  all  the  yeere  in 
the  common  of  Bywell  and  Acombe  by  auncient  custome,  and  payeth  yerely 


13 

7 


4 

si 


15 
5 


£s  1= 


/I6 


1  Hall  and  Humberston's  Survey.  -  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey. 

'  In  1603  Henry  Hind  took  a  lease  from  John  Dobson  of  a  quarter  of  a  tenement  called  Acomb-hall ; 
and,  in  1623,  Henry  Hynde,  then  of  the  Stelling,  took  a  lease  for  31  years  from  Sir  Henry  Fane,  knight, 
of  a  tenement,  garden,  etc.,  in  Acomb.     Mr.  T.  H.  Archer-Hind's  Papers. 


EAST    ACOMB    TOWNSHIP.  121 

On  the  20th  November,  1623,  various  tenements  in  Acomb  were 
granted  to  Sir  Henry  Fane,  knight,  cofferer  of  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
for  a  term  of  thirty-one  years.  The  premises  comprised  a  tenement,  formerly 
in  the  tenure  of  Gilbert  Swinburn,  and  then  in  that  of  George  Dobson,  of 
the  yearly  rent  of  53s.  4d.  ;  a  tenement  formerly  in  the  tenure  of  Thomas 
Davison,  senior,  and  then  in  that  of  Richard  Davison,  at  the  rent  of 
13s.  8^d.  ;  a  tenement  held  by  William  Ainsley,  at  the  rent  of  13s.  8|d. ; 
and  a  tenement  held  by  Cuthbert  Davison,  at  the  rent  of  7s.  i  i^d.^ 

By  letters  patent  dated  2nd  June,  1625,  lands  in  Acomb,  parcel  of  the 
barony  of  Bywell,  of  the  yearly  rent  of  ;^i3  los.  gd.,  were,  together  with 
other  lands,  granted  to  Edward  Allen,  Robert  Ducie,  George  Whitmore, 
and  other  citizens  of  London,  in  part  satisfaction  of  a  debt  of  James  I.  to  the 
city  of  London.^  Four  years  later,  on  the  15th  September,  1629,  a  yearly 
free  rent  of  i  lb.  of  pepper  from  land  in  Acome  and  Newton,  certain  lands  in 
Acome,  in  the  tenure  of  the  tenants  by  indenture,  of  the  yearly  rent  of 
£5  9s.  id.,  rents  amounting  to  3s.  yearly,  payable  by  the  inhabitants  of  the 
vill  of  Berle  for  liberty  to  have  their  cattle  on  Acomb  and  Bywell  common 
at  all  times  of  the  year,  by  ancient  custom  beyond  the  memory  of  man,  were 
granted  to  William  White,  William  Steventon,  and  John  Perkins,  of  London, 
gentlemen,  at  the  request  of  Sir  Allen  Apsley,  knight,  one  of  the  surveyors 
of  victuals  for  the  fleet,  who  had  lent  the  king  large  sums  of  money. ^  From 
these,  the  grantees  of  the  Crown,  the  whole  township  was  shortly  afterwards 
acquired  by  the  Fenwicks  of  Bywell,  and,  in  1663,  was  rated  to  William 
Fenwick,  esq.,  at  £27  (sic)  per  annum  for  Acomb,  and  at  £16  {sic)  for 
Acomb-hall.' 

AcoMBE  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665. 

William  Dobson,  Rowland  Collingwood,  Cuthbert  Davison,  Robert  Hall  and  John  Davison  for  one 
chimney  each  ;   George  Robinson  not  payable. 

Since  that  time  Acomb  has  belonged  to  the  successive  owners  of  Bywell 
hall.  It  comprises  the  two  valuable  farms  of  East  Acomb  and  South  Acomb 
and  their  homesteads,  together  with  some  detached  cottages. 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  21  James  I.  pt.  i6.  -  Ibid.  5  Charles  I.  pt.  4.  » Ibiii.  5  Charles  I.  pt.  9. 

*  Book  of  Rates ;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  2S6.  12th  May,  1659,  receipt  from 
William  Fenwick  to  Henry  Hynde,  of  Stelling,  for  20s.  for  half  a  year's  rent  of  the  fourth  part  of  a 
farm  at  Akuni.  30th  December,  1660,  receipt  from  William  fenwick  to  Oswald  Hind  for  half  a  year's 
rent  of  Acorn  hall.     Mr.  T.  H.  Archer-Hind's  papers. 

Vol.  VI.  16 


122  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.I     ST.    PETER. 

NEWTON-HALL    TOWNSHIP. 

The  township  of  Newton-hall,  with  an  area  of  710  acres,'  is  long  in 
proportion  to  its  breadth,  and  projects  on  the  north-west  into  the  parish  of 
Stamfordham  as  far  as  East  Matfen.  The  house,  which  is  protected  on  the 
north  and  east  by  thriving  plantations  of  forest  timber,  is  within  the  500  feet 
contour  line.  In  the  grounds  is  an  observatory,  or  gazebo,  erected  by  the 
late  Mr.  John  Joicey,  from  which  a  view  may  be  obtained  from  Woodhorn 
windmill  in  the  north-east,  to  Gateshead  fell  in  the  east,  and  to  the  fells  near 
Stanhope  on  the  south.     In  1901  the  population  was  153.^ 

An  original  member  of  the  barony  of  Baliol,  Newton-hall,  under  the 
description  of  East  Newton,  was  granted  about  the  middle  of  the  twelfth 
century  by  Bernard  de  Baliol  (died  1167)  to  Otwell  de  Insula  (living  1168), 
the  second  member  of  the  ancient  family  of  de  Insula  or  Lisle  of  Woodburn 
of  whom  anything  is  known.^ 

The  grant  was  made  at  Bywell,  and  the  charter  is  attested  by  Ralph  de 
Gunwarton,  Odonel  and  Jordan  de  Umframvill,  Walter  de  Insula,  and  many 
others.^  Otwell  de  Insula,  the  grantee,  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Robert  de 
Insula,  and  he  by  his  son,  who  had  the  same  name  as  his  grandfather.  The 
second  Otwell  de  Insula  is  stated  in  the  Testa  dc  Nevill,  about  1240,  to  hold 
East  Newton  of  John  de  Baliol  by  the  fourth  part  of  a  knight's  fee  of  ancient 
feoflFment,'  and  in  the  inquisition  taken  on  the  22nd  October,  1250,  after  his 
death,  it  was  found  to  be  worth  £']  14s."  Suit  of  court  was  rendered  to  the 
lord  at  Bywell  every  three  weeks,  at  a  yearly  rent  of  3s.  ;  and  3s.  4d.  was 
paid  for  the  castle  ward  of  Newcastle.' 

'  The  area  of  the  township  was  increased  in  1S87  by  order  of  the  Local  Government  Board,  dated 
20th  December,  1886,  by  additions  from  adjoining  parishes. 

*  The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,  107  ;  1811,95;  1821,89;  1831,84;  1841,95;  1851,106;  1861,73; 
1871,  109  ;  1881,  138  ;  1891,  149;   1901,  153.  '  C/.  vol.  iv.  of  this  work,  p.  333. 

'  Bemardus  de  Baill'.,  omnibus  hominibus  suis  at  amicis  Francis  et  .^nglicis  praesentibus  et  fuluris 
salutem.  Sciatis  me  dedisse  et  hac  carta  mea  confirmasse  Othewero  de  Insula  et  heredibus  suis  Est 
Newton  rectis  metis:  Tenendam  a  me  et  heredibus  meis  in  feodo  et  hereditate,  in  bosco  et  pl.ano  in  piatis 
et  pasturis  et  in  omnibus  aliis  sicut  ipse  earn  tenui  die  in  quo  illi  eam  dedi  et  de  ilia  terra  homagium  suum 
recepi.  Et  si  molendinum  vult  facere  infra  terram  suam  facial ;  et  insuper  xl  acras  de  dominico  meo  in 
Overtun' ;  et  has  praedictas  terras  ei  dedi  pro  excambiis  de  Blackeheddun  solas  et  liberas  et  quietas, 
faciendo  servitium  de  dimidia  parte  militis.  Hiis  testibus.  Radulfo  de  Gunwartun,  Radulfo  filio 
Wielardi,  Hingelramo  de  Dumares,  Warino  Traine,  Jocelino  de  Hesilcurr,  Odenello  de  Umframvill, 
Jurdano  de  Umframvill,  Waltero  de  Insula,  Willelmo  filio  Walteri,  Ricardo  Gifford,  Juel  de  Colebrug, 
Salomone  sacerdote  de  Biwell,  Hugone  Gifford,  Waltero  fratre  ejus,  Alano  de  Matfen,  Willelmo  clerico 
qui  hanc  cartam  fecit  apud  Biwell.  Lansdmvne  MS.  No.  326,  folio  99;  cf.  Dodsiforth  MS.  68,  folio  19 
{ex  cartis  Roberti  Lisle  de  Gosford  et  Feltoii,  1586). 

'  Testa  de  Nevill,  Record  Series,  p.  385. 

°  Inq.  p.m.  Otwell  de  Insula,  34  Hen.  III.  No.  ^i.  '  Inq.  p.m.  55  Hen.  HI.  No.  33. 


NEWTON-HALL    TOWNSHIP. 


123 


Sir  Robert  de  Insula,  knight,  was  stated  to  be  28  years  of  age,  in  1250,  when 
he  succeeded  his  father  Otwell.  He  made  Newton-hall  his  principal  residence, 
and  obtained  license  from  Hugh,  prior  of  Durham,  to  have  an  oratory  in  his 
manor  of  Newton,  and  to  have  a  chaplain  to  celebrate.  The  chaplain  was 
to  swear  fidelity  to  the  mother  church  of  Bywell,  to  which  all  oblations  and 
obventions  offered  in  the  oratory  and  collected  by  the  chaplain  were  to  be 
given.  No  injury  was  to  be  done  in  spiritual  or  temporal  things  to  the  mother, 
church,  and,  if  injury  was  done  to  the  amount  of  one  penny,  the  chaplain  was 
bound  to  notify  it  to  the  prior  and  convent.  Sir  Robert  covenanted  to  oflfer 
yearly  6  lbs.  of  wax  to  the  mother  church  on  the  feast  day  of  the  same 
church,  on  which  day,  and  at  the  feasts  of  Christmas,  the  Purification,  and 
Easter,  he  and  his  free  family  were  to  visit  the  mother  church  with  oblations.^ 


Maneru  de  Neuton  Subsidy 
Roll,  1296. 

Summa  bonorum  Domini 
Roberti  de  Insula,  £<)  15s.  8d., 
unde  regi  iSs.  gkl. 

Summa  hujus  patet. 

The  tower  of  Newton 
is  equal  in  size  to  Chip- 
chase  and  Cocklaw,^  and 
in  plan,  with  its  huge 
diagonal  buttresses,  re- 
sembles the  tower  of 
Edlingham,  although  it  is 
much  larger  in  area.  It 
appears  to  have  been 
built  in  the  fourteenth 
century.  The  masonry  is 
of  good  ashlar  work,  in 
courses  which  average 
twelve  inches  in  thick- 
ness ;  on  the  north  and 
west  sides  it  exists  to  a 
height  of  six  or  eight  feet 


A 


z 


10  /=EEr 


n  »MofVi^^.  oBi^^ 


Newton  Tower. 


'  Dnr.  Tran,  2""  2'i"''  Spec.  No.  11.  Round  seal,  2^  inches  diameter.  Shield,  arms  lion  rampant. 
>i<  S.  ROBERTI  DE  INSVLA.  Hugh  [de  Derlington]  was  prior  of  Durham  1258-1272,  and  again 
1285-1289.  ■'  Cf.  vol.  iv.  pp.  182,  324. 


124  ''""E    PARISH    OF    liYWHI.I,    ST.    TETER. 

above  the  ground  level.  The  basement  chamber  is  31  feet  in  length, 
enclosed  by  a  wall  nine  to  ten  feet  in  thickness,  strengthened  at  the  angles 
by  huge  buttresses  set  diagonal-wise.  The  entrance  has  been  on  the  south 
or  east  side.  At  A  on  the  plan  is  a  chamfered  jamb  stone,  and  near  it  is 
what  appears  to  have  been  a  step,  possibly  the  remnant  of  a  mural  staircase 
arranged  in  the  east  wall.  The  north-west  buttress  has  been  occupied  by 
a  garde-robe  ;  the  lower  portion  of  the  shaft  still  remains.  In  the  north 
wall  there  is  part  of  a  splayed  base  course.  A  draw-well,  stated  to  be 
thirty  feet  deep,'  is  in  the  centre  of  the  floor. 

The  place  having  thus  become  one  of  the  principal  residences  of  the 
Lisles,-  Newton-hall  is  frequently  named  in  documents  dealing  with  the 
family  estates  during  the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  centuries.*  It  was  given  by 
Sir  Humphrey  Lisle,  in  1505,  as  a  marriage  portion,  with  his  sister  Elizabeth 
to  William  Hayning.*  They  seem  to  have  died  without  issue,  for  the  place 
occurs  in  the  enumeration  of  estates  in  the  inquisition  taken  at  Rothbury  on 
the  17th  November,  15 16,  after  the  death  of  Sir  Humphrey  Lisle,  who  died 
on  July  30th  of  that  year. 

Sir  Humphrey  Lisle's  son.  Sir  William  Lisle,  having  been  attainted  for 
rebellion,  his  estates  were  seized  by  the  Crown.  By  an  inquisition  taken 
November  25th,  1529,*  it  was  found  that  he  was  seised  in  his  demesne 
as  of  fee  of  the  manor  of  Newton-hall,  and  of  8  messuages,  100  acres  of  land, 
200  acres  of  pasture,  and  100  acres  of  meadow  in  the  same  vill,  of  the  clear 
yearly  value  of  ^13  6s.  8d.  It  is  stated  that  a  rent  charge  of  ;^^I2  secured 
upon  s  messuages,  40  acres  of  land,  60  acres  of  meadow,  and  100   acres  of 

'  Ex.  inf.  Mr.  John  Scott  at  Newton-hall,  March,  igoi. 

=  Haii.  MS.  2101,  fol.  245,  etc.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  169. 

'  March  12th,  145 1.  Johannes  Swynburn  dedit  Thomae  Lyle  armigero  manerium  et  dominium  de 
Newton-hall,  cum  pert.,  et  omnes  terras  quas  habet  ex  dono  dicti  Thomae  in  villis  de  Berle,  Est  Matfen, 
Thornton,  Callerton,  Haukewell,  Kirkherle,  in  com.  Northumbriae.  Ac  etiam  omnes  terras  quas  habet  ex 
dono  pra'edicti  Thomae  in  Wodeburn,  etc.  Habend.  dicto  Thomae  ad  vitam,  rev.  Roberto  Lysle, 
arm.  et  hered.  masculis  de  corpore,  reversion  to  William  Lysle,  brother  of  the  said  Robert,  then  to  Roger 
Lvsle,  brother  of  the  said  William,  then  to  Thomas  Lysle,  brother  of  the  said  Robert,  William  and 
Roarer  with  remainder  to  Thomas  Lvsle,  esquire.  Datum  apud  Newcastle  in  festo  Sancti  Gregorii,  1450, 
cf.  "Lansdoi.'ue  MS.  Ex  cartis  Lyell 'of  Felton.  Dodsworth  MS.  No.  49,  fol.  346  and  No.  68,  fol.  17b; 
29  Hen.  VI.  No.  346,  folio  24.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'T,'  p.  11,  and  'X,'  p.  221. 

'  Omnibus Humphridus  Lisle   miles dedisse   Willelmo   Hayning,   Roberto   Lisle, 

Radulpho  Lisle,  clerico,  Radulpho  Wicliffe,  Nich.  Bellingham,  Radulpho  domino  Ogle  et  Radulpho  Bowes 
mil.  manerium  meum  de  Newton-hall,  co.  Northumb.  Habend.  ad.  usum  dicti  Willelmi  Hayning^  et 
Elizabethae  Lisle  sororis  meae  et  hered.  suorum  post  decessum  meum,  9  November,  21  Hen.  VII. 
(1505).  Arms  :  paly  of  three  impaling  ermine,  a  lion  rampant.  Harl.  MS.  2101.  Hodgson,  Northumberland, 
pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  170. 

''  Inquisition  after  the  attainder  of  Sir  William  Lisle,  knight,  taken  November  2Sth,  21  Hen.  VIII. 
Greenwich  Hospital  Papers. 


NEWTON-HALL    TOWNSHIP.  I  25 

pasture  had  been  granted  to  Thomas  Lisle,  son  of  Sir  Humphrey,  by  a  deed 
dated  January  4th,  15 13/4;  and  a  rent  charge  of  £2,  partly  secured  on 
Newton-hall,  had  been  granted  October  26th,  15 18,  to  Sir  William  Lisle's 
servant,  Henry  Lake.^ 

Newton-hall  remained  in  the  hands  of  the  Crown  until  1536,  when,  by 
letters  patent  dated  August  23rd,  the  manors  of  Felton,  Gosforth, 
Newton-hall,  Berle,  Hawkwell,  Woodburn,  and  Thornton,  with  lands  in 
various  parts  of  the  county,  were  granted  to  Sir  Humphrey  Lisle,  knight, 
serviens  nosier  (son  of  Sir  William  Lisle,  attainted),  to  hold  of  the  king 
in  chief  by  the  service  of  one  knight's  fee.' 


Newton-hall  Muster  Roll,   1538. 
Hew  Brown,  Thomas  Shaplay,  Roger  Usher,  John  Davison,  Thomas  Taylor,  Thomas  Blakatave; 
able  with  horse  and  harnes.' 

The  estate  must  have  been  sold  almost  immediately,  for  Sir  Reginald 
Carnaby,  who  died  on  the  20th  July,  1547,  seised  of  the  village  of  Newton- 
hall  held  of  the  king  by  knight's  service,  had  granted,  by  a  deed  dated 
February  ist,  1537/8,  to  his  brother,  Thomas  Carnaby,  and  Anne,  his  wife, 
a  life  interest  in  three  messuages  lately  in  the  tenure  of  Robert  Eshett, 
Thomas  Clerke,  and  John  Blackett.^ 

Sir  Reginald  Carnaby  left  three  daughters,  co-heiresses  :  Catherine,  wife 
of  Cuthbert,  Lord  Ogle  ;  Ursula,  wife  first  of  Edward  Widdrington,  and 
subsequently  of  Thomas  Musgrave  ;  and  Mabel,  wife  of  George  Lawson. 

On  June  18th,  1600,  Thomas  Musgrave  and  Ursula  his  wife,  conveyed 
one-third  of  Newton-hall  to  Roger  Widdrington,  esq.,  second  son  of  the 
said  Ursula  by  her  first  husband,  as  a  provision  on  his  marriage  with  Mary, 
daughter  of  Francis  Radclifte  of  Dilston  ;  he  afterwards  seems  to  have 
effected  an  exchange  with  his  father-in-law.*  On  the  28th  July,  1605,  Mabel 
Lawson,  then  a  widow,  settled  her  share  of  Newton-hall  upon  her  fourth  son, 
Edward   Lawson,    who,    on   the    gth  June,    16 13,  in   consideration  of  ^'180, 

'  Inquisition  after  the  attainder  of  Sir  William  Lisle,  knight,  taken  November  25th,  21  Hen.  VIII. 
Greenwich  Hospital  Papers. 

-  Dated  at  Berechiirch,  23rd  August,  1536.  Pat.  Rolls,  28  Hen.  VIII.  part  4,  memb.  24;  cf.  Letters 
and  Papers,  28  Henry  VIII.  (1536)  vol.  xi.  p.  157. 

"  Arch.  Ael.  410  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  177.  There  are  two  returns  ;  the  other  comprises  the  names  of  Hew 
Brown,  Thomas  Clerk,  John  Davison,  Christofer  Davison,  Ranald  Uscher;  able  with  horse  and  harness. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Sir  Reginald  Carnaby,  36  Hen.  VIII.  taken  8th  January,  1554/5.  In  spite  of  the 
alienation  to  the  Carnabys,  the  Lisles  would  seem  to  have  retained  some  undefined  or  shadowy  interest 
in  the  place,  for,  in  1624,  James  Maxwell  obtained  a  lease  of  Felton,  Thornton,  Newton-hall,  and 
Gosforth,  late  in  the  possession  of  Sir  William  Lisle,  attainted.     Cal.  S.T.D.  1623-1625,  p.  149. 

^  Newton-hall  Deeds,  Greenwich  Hospital  Papers. 


126  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

conveyed  the  same  to  trustees  for  the  use  of  Cuthbert  Radchffe,  fourth 
son  of  Francis  Radcliffe  of  Dilston.'  In  this  way,  Sir  Edward  Radclifle 
became  possessed  of  the  two  third  parts  of  the  township,  for  which  he  was 
rated  in  1663. 

In  164^,  Henry  Hinde,  William  Browne,  Anthony  Hunter,  and  Matthew 
Colestone,"  tenants  of  the  Radcliffe  lands  in  Newton-hall,  in  a  petition 
addressed  to  the  commissioners  of  the  'court  of  parliament,'  state  that,  at 
Candlemas  last,  their  hay,  corn,  horses,  sheep,  and  beasts,  were  violently 
taken  from  there  by  the  Scottish  army,  whose  '  traine  of  artillery  lay  in  our 
poore  steede  five  days  and  six  nightes.'  * 

The  third  part  of  Newton-hall,  which  was  acquired  by  Cuthbert,  Lord 
Ogle,  by  his  marriage  with  Catherine  Carnaby,  was  forfeited  to  the  common- 
wealth for  the  delinquency  of  his  descendant,  William  Cavendish,  earl  of 
Newcastle,  and  was  purchased  from  the  trustees  for  the  sale  of  forfeited 
estates  on  March  5th,  1653,  by  Matthew  Newton  of  Newcastle,  merchant, 
and  Charles  Newton  of  Elswick,  gent.,'  who  apparently  acted  in  the 
transaction  for  the  earl,  who,  as  marquess  of  Newcastle,  was  rated  for  lands 
at  Newton-hall  in  1663.  It  continued  to  form  part  of  the  Ogle,  or  Bothal 
Castle,  estates  until  1789,'^  when  it  was  sold  by  the  duke  of  Portland  for 
^3,000  to  Robert  Jobling,  whose  family  had  been,  for  some  generations, 
principal  tenants  in  the  township.* 

'  Newton-hall  Deeds,  Greenwich  Hospital  Papers. 

■  Newton-hall  Subsidy  or  Health  Tax  Roll,  1665.  Mathew  Cowleson,  John  Hunter,  Peter  Jobling, 
William  Hunter,  each  one  chimney;  John  Browne,  Tho.  Browne,  William  Browne,  George  Yonger, 
William  Haidley,  not  payable. 

Matthew  Coulson  was  the  father  of  an  Anthony  Coulson,  who  in  1 65 1  purchased  Forster's  close, 
in  Bywell,  from  Sir  Edward  Radcliffe,  and  grandfather  of  Matthew  Coulson,  who  sold  the  same  holding 
about  1700  to  Michael  Spain  of  Corbridge;  cf.  Hinde  Papers.     Arch.  Acl.  new  series,  vol.  ii.  p.  127. 

'  Arch.  Ael.  new  series,  vol.  ii.  p.  133. 

*  Cal.  Com.  for  Comp.  Cases,  pp.  1734,  1737.  Matthew  and  Charles  Newton,  by  lease  dated  4th 
February,  1652/3,  demised  the  third  part  of  the  town  of  Newton-hall  to  Henry  Hinde  of  Stelling,  at  the 
yearly  rent  of  ;f23  los.     Mr.  T.  H.  Archer-Hind's  Papers. 

*  The  conveyance  is  dated  24th  and  25th  February,  1789.     .Mr.  John  Joicey's  Trustees'  Papers. 

'  8th  April,  1697.  Lease  from  Edward,  earl  of  Derwentwater,  to  Robert  Jobling  and  Abraham 
Jobling,  of  two  farmholds  in  Newton-hall,  then  in  their  occupation,  to  hold  for  21  years  at  a  rent  of  ;f40. 
Newton-hall  Deeds.     Greenwich  Hospital  Papers. 


NEWTON-HALL   TOWNSHIP. 


127 


PEDIGREE   OF   JOBLING    OF    NEWTON    HALL. 


AnRAHAM  JOBLiNG  took  a  new  lease  of  a  tenement  at  Newton-hall   8th  April,  1697  ; 
buried  I2th  November,  1734  («). 


John  Jobling,  sometime  of  Shawhouse,  Broxbushes,  and  Newton  Hall ; 
in  1748  voted  for  freehold  at  Newton  Fell  house  ;  died  gth 
November,  1759,  aged  75  (/<)  ;  wi'l  dated  15th  f^'ebruary,  1759; 
proved  14th  July,  1760  (</). 


Alice  ,  died  at  Halton  Shields 

(a)  17th  April.  1767,  aged  84  ((i)  ; 
will  dated  22nd  April,  1761,  proved 
1767  W. 


I 
John  Jobling,  =  Barbara,   only   child 


of    Newton- 


hall  ; 

Jan., 

died 

Aug., 

aged 


born 
1719; 

27th 
1789. 

71  W 


of  John  Cresswell  of 
Haughton,  in  the 
parish  of  Heddon  ; 
born  Feb.,  1728  ; 
mar.  June,  1749 ; 
died  25th  .'\pril, 
1800  ;       aged      72 


Wm.  Jobling 
of  Brocks- 
bushes;  died 
5th  April, 
1793  ;  aged 
70  W  (/')• 


Anne,  daughter  of 
Thos.  Reed  of 
Aydon;  baptised 
at  Corbridge, 
I2th  Feb.,  1712  ; 
died  loth  Feb., 
179S  ;    aged   85 


I                     .11. 
Abraham  Jobling       married  George 


of  Hexham,  tan- 
ner; will  dated 
31st  January, 
1757;  proved  at 
York,  4th  July, 
1757. 


Green  of  Styford. 

Mary,  married  Wm. 
Hunter  of  Halton 
Shields. 


John  Jobling  of  =  [Mary    Sur- 
Hordon,     in     \      teesofHop- 


the  parish  of 
Easington  ; 
born  15th 
May,  1750 
(/)  ;  named 
in  his  grand- 
father's will. 


pyland  and 
Hamsterley.  ] 


Robert  Jobling  of: 
Newcastle,  wine 
merchant,  and 
of  Newton-hall ; 
born  1 6th  Octo- 
ber, 175 1  ;  died 
1 8th  October, 
1820  ;  aged  69 
(;)(^);  will  dated 
^1  22nd  Jan.,  1818. 

I      I      I      I 
John  Jobling   [born   26th   May,  1781  ;    living   1805  ; 

buried  St.  Nicholas,  Newcastle]. 
Cresswell  Jobling. 
Edward  Greenwell  Jobling  of  Cramlington  ;  died  23rd 

May,  1848  (c) ;  aged  55  years.  ^ 
Anne  [married  1st,   ...  Shafto  of  Durham,  and  2nd, 

Philip  Laing  of  Deptford]. 


Margaret,  dau.  and 
co-heir  of  Edmund 
Hannay  of  Blyth 
and  Cowpen  ;  mar. 
at  Earsdon,  March, 
1792;  died  nth  Jan., 
1834;  aged  70(0. 


William  Jobling  of 
Newton-hall  ;  born 
14th  Jan.,  1756  (/); 
died  24th  Jan.,  1810, 
aged  54(/');  an  agent 
of  Greenwich  Hos- 
pital Commissioners. 


=  Elizabeth,  dau. 
'^   of  John  Black- 

ett  of  Wylam  ; 

mar.  at  Oving- 

ham,  Aug.1787; 

died  14th  Aug., 
i8o3;aged5o(I). 


1    I    I    I    I 
Cresswell   Jobling  of  Newcastle;    born  2nd  March,  1759  (/)  ; 

died  25th  September,  1835  (/i)  («•). 
Abraham  Jobling,  born  5th  August,  1762  (/)  ;  died  gth  March, 

1763  m  («). 
Elizabeth,  born    19th    September,    1753  {/)  ;     died    7th    May, 

1758  ;  aged  4  years  (/>). 
Christian,    born     25th     December,     1757    (/)  ;     married    her 

cousin,  Thomas  Jobling  of  Styford. 
Elizabeth,  born  30th  August,  1765  (/)  ;    married  her  cousin, 

Thomas  Jobling  of  Styford. 


Edmund  Job-  John  Cresswell  Jobling  of  Newton-hall ; 
ling,  son  and        born  gth  April,   1794;    educated   at 
heir  ;     born        Harrow  ;  of  University  Coll.  Oxon., 
1792  ;        matric.   19th  March,  1812,  aged  17  ; 
May,        B.  A.  1815  ;  admitted  at  Lincoln's  Inn 
1813  ;  Captain  Commandant  of  the 
Bywell  Volunteer  Yeomanry  Cavalry, 
and  Chairman  of  Quarter  Sessions  ; 
died,  unmarried,  at  Belsay,  2nd  .Aug., 
1858;  aged  64  (f). 


heir 
Dec. 
died 
1796. 


Robert  Jobling,  a 
Capt.  E.LC.S.; 

afterwards  Ship- 
ping Master  at 
Newcastle;  born 
August,  1803  ; 
died  at  New- 
castle, 2nd  Oct., 
1864. 


Helen  Kandiana,  daughter 
of  Major  Lockyer  of  Sid- 
ney, N.S.W.,  Sergeant- 
at-arms  ;  born  at  Ceylon  ; 
married  May,  1835  ;  she 
married  2nd,  G.  H.  Stace, 
Governor  of  Maitland 
Prison,  and  died  at  East 
Maitland,  23rd  April, 
1SS6. 


I      I 

Barbara,  born 
June,  1796  ; 
died  unmar. 
at  Belsay, 
1 6th  Febru- 
ary, 1855  (0. 

Mary  Hannay, 
born  iSoo  ; 
died  1803. 


Robert  John  Cresswell  Jobling,  born  in  London,  April,  1836  ; 
living,  1900,  at  Sidney,  N.S.W. 


I 


Margaret  Hannay  Jobling,  born  at  Calcutta, 
August,  1838 ;  died  in  infancy. 


1st.  Christian,  daughter : 
of  John    Jobling  of 
Newton-hall  ;    died 
nth    Aug.,    1804; 
aged  47  ((5). 


Thomas  Jobling  of : 
Styford,    died  at 
Hawkwell,     12th 
Aug.,  1838;  aged 
81  ie)  (^). 


2nd.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
John  Jobling  of  New- 
ton-hall ;  died  March 
3rd,  1843,  aged  79  (*). 


I 
John  Jobling  of  Hexham,  so- 
licitor, named  in  his  grand- 
father's   will ;    died    22nd 
June,  I7g6  ;  aged  39  (/5). 


Isabella,  married  Charles  Tomlin  of  Scots-house.  ^^ 


=  Anne,  sister  of 
General  Sir 
Martin  Hunter 
of    Medomsley 

4,    (c)  ;  died  1809. 


128  THE  PARTSH  OF  RYWEI.I,  ST.  PETER. 


William  Jobling,  of  Newton  =  Anne,  daughter  of  George    Thomas  Reed  Jobling  of  Newcastle;  John,  died  in  childhood 
and    Styford ;      in     1S26    I       Wilson  of  Alnwick  ;    mar-         solicitor  (c)  ;   died  of  cholera  at  Barbara.                      [(i). 
voted    for   a    freehold    at          ried  at  Alnwick,  13th  July,         .Morpeth,  Aug.,  1S32,  aged  41  (<-).  Mary  ."Vnue. 
Corbridge  ;      died      19th           1819  ;    died   at    Morpeth,     Robert  Jobling    of  Hawkwell  (c"),  Elizabeth,  mar.  her  kins- 
May,  1849;  aged  65  (<()(<).           7th  May,  1861  (/()•                      died  in  November,  1832.  man,  Edward  Greenwell 

I Jobling. 

I                                                                                                    I      I      I  Christian,  died  unniar. 
Thomas  Jobling  of  Newton,  =  Anne,  daughter  of           Sarah,  died  unmarried. 

born    8th    April,     1820;    I        Stobart.                Anne   Wilson,    born    28th    .April,    1826;  married    7th    July,    1849, 

died  ...  1865.  I  William  Pool  of  Newcastle.  ^1/ 

Sarah  Christian,  born  5th  March,  1828  ;  mar.  William  Hall  of  Alston. 
Issue,  3  sons,  and  2  daughters. 

(rt)  Bywell  St.  Peter's  Register,     (c)  Bell  Collection,  .Alnwick  Castle.    («)  Matthew  Forster's  Obituary. 

(i)  M.I.  Bywell  St.  Peter.  (</)  Raine,  Test.  Ehor.  (/)  jFjt  Family  Bible,  communicated  by  Mr.  James  Pool. 

Evidences  to  Jobling  Pedigree. 

I757i  31st  January.  Will  of  .Abraham  Jobling  of  Hexham,  tanner.  All  to  my  father  John  Jobling,  he  e.xecutor. 
Proved,  4th  July,  1757.     Raine,   Test.  Ebor. 

I759i  15'h  February.  Will  of  John  Jobling  of  Newton-hall  Shaw-house,  husbandman  :  To  my  wife  Alice,  for 
life,  my  messuage  in  Newton  called  Fell-house  and  a  burgage  in  Hexham.  After  her  death,  the  property  at  Lintgarihs 
at  Hexham  to  ray  grandson  John  Jobling,  eldest  son  of  my  son  John  ;  and  the  Fell-house  to  my  grandson,  William 
Jobling,  third  son  of  my  said  son  John  Jobling  ;  certain  lands  at  Hexham  to  my  grandson,  John  Jobling,  eldest  son 
of  my  son  William  Jobling ;  remainder  of  Hexham  property  to  my  sons,  John  and  William.  My  grandson,  George, 
son  of  George  Green  of  Styford,  my  grandchildren,  John,  ."Mice,  and  Elizabeth,  children  of  William  Hunter  of  Halton 
Sheels,  ;^ioo  apiece  ;  my  grandson,  Thomas,  son  of  my  son  William  Jobling,  and  my  granddaughter.  Christian, 
daughter  of  my  son  John  Jobling,  ^"50  apiece.  My  household  goods,  furniture,  and  implements  of  husbandry,  to  my 
wife  for  life,  and  then  to  my  two  granddaughters,  Alice  and  Elizabeth  Hunter.  Residue  to  my  sons,  John  and 
William,  they  executors.     Proved,  14th  July,  1760.     Messrs.  Hedley's  Newton  Deeds. 

1761,  27th  April.  Will  of  Alice  Jobling  of  Halton  Shields,  widow.  My  eldest  son,  John  Jobling  ;  my  son, 
William  Jobling  of  Brocks  Bushes  ;  my  grandson,  George,  son  of  George  Green  of  Styford  ;  my  grandson,  Abraham 
Hunter,  son  of  my  son-in-law  William  Hunter  of  Halton  Shields,  and  ray  daughter,  Mary,  his  wife.  Proved,  30th 
November,  1767.     Raine,  Test.  Ebor. 

The  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners,  being  the  grantees  of  the 
RadclifFe  estates,  in  1805  possessed  in  Newton-hall  a  farm  of  434  acres,  let  to 
Mr.  William  Jobling  at  ^353  per  annum,  and  18  acres  of  woodland.  As  it  had 
formerly  been  divided  into  several  farms,  it  possessed  numerous  agricultural 
buildings.  There  was  also  an  inn  '  well  situated  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
carriers  of  lead  from  Langley  to  Newcastle.'^  In  1843,  an  exchange  was 
effected  between  Mr.  John  Cresswell  Jobling  and  the  Hospital  Commissioners, 
whereby  the  latter,  as  a  consideration  for  their  two  third  parts  of  Newton- 
hall,  received  the  farm  of  '  Bullister  Bush  near  Warden,'  together  with  a 

'  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners'  Report,  1805.  The  'Anchor'  inn  was  at  the  .Shaw-house.  In 
front  of  it  was  an  open  space  wJiere  the  carriers  could  leave  their  carts  while  they  refreshed  themselves 
and  their  horses.  Ex.  inf.  Mr.  Anthony  Johnson,  cf.  Parson  and  White,  Northmnberltiml  ami  Durham, 
vol.  ii.  p.  566. 


NEWTON-HALL    TOWNSHIP.  I2g 

sum  of  money.'  Failing  into  difficulties  through  overbuilding  and  speculations 
in  lead  mines,  Mr.  Jobling  conveyed  his  estate  to  trustees  for  the  benefit  of 
his  creditors,  who  offered  Newton-hall  for  sale  by  auction  on  the  30th  March, 
1850.^  It  was  subsequently  acquired  from  the  mortgagees  by  Messrs. 
Backhouse,  and  after  passing  through  the  hands  of  Captain  C.  E.  Blackett, 
it  was  sold  in  1869^  to  Mr.  John  Joicey,  father  of  the  present  owner.  Lady 
John  Joicey-Cecil. 

The  house,  built  by  Mr.  Robert  Jobling  in  1811,^  was  largely  added  to 
by  the  late  Mr.  Joicey.  An  old  building,  'with  a  doorway  of  ecclesiastical 
appearance,'  stood  within  living  memory  a  little  to  the  north-west  of 
Newton-hall,  and  there  was  a  tradition  that  it  had  once  been  a  church. 
Near  this  spot,  on  a  site  given*  by  Mr.  W.  F.  Blackett,  then  the  owner  of 
the  estate,  a  chapel  of  ease  was  built  in  i860.  It  was  from  designs  made 
by  Mr.  C.  Davis  of  Bath,  based  on  the  chapel  of  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital, 
near  Oxford ;  the  total  cost  was  ^^428.  It  was  consecrated  on  the 
13th  September,  i860,  and  dedicated  to  St.  James.  This  building  was 
reconstructed  and  greatly  enlarged  in  1873  from  designs  of  Mr.  C.  H. 
Fowler  of  Durham,  at  a  cost  of  about  ^4,500,  defrayed  by  Mr.  John  Joicey. 
Having  been  provided  with  a  district,  comprising  the  three  townships  of 
Newton-hall,  Newton,  and  Stelling,  together  with  some  contiguous  portions 
of  the  parishes  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  Corbridge,  and  Ovingham,  an 
ecclesiastical  parish  was  constituted  in  1877.*^  A  parsonage  house,  erected 
at  a  cost  of  about  ;£,"5,ooo,  was  also  provided  by  Mr.  Joicey,'  to  whom 
the  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter  conveyed  the  patronage  of  the  church."  An 
endowment  was  in  part  provided  by  the  Ecclesiastical  Commissioners,  who 
possess  the  rectorial  or  great  tithes  of  the  mother  church,  and  in  part  by 
Mr.  Joicey.'* 

'  Newton-hall  Deeds,  Mr.  John  Joicey's  Trustees.  -  Conditions  of  Sale  ;  Bell  Collection. 

'  Newton-hall  Deeds,  Mr.  John  Joicey's  Trustees.      '  Cf.  Tomlinson's  Guide  to  Northumberland,  p.  147. 

'  The  site  of  the  chapel  of  ease  was  conveyed  to  the  Ecclesiastical  Commissioners  by  Mr.  W.  F. 
Blackett  by  deed  dated  Sth  November,  1859.  Land  to  enlarge  the  chapel  and  to  provide  a  graveyard 
was  conveyed  to  the  same  corporation  by  Mr.  John  Joicey  by  deed  dated  26th  June,  1873. 

°  Order  in  council  published  in  the  London  Gazette,  ist  May,  1877. 

'  The  parsonage  house  was  conveyed  to  the  Ecclesiastical  Cominissioners  by  deed  dated  6th 
May,  187S. 

'  The  following  have  been  ministers  or  incumbents  of  the  parish  :  1877,  Robert  Steavenson  ;  1885, 
Theophilus  Bennet,  M.A.,  per  res.  .Steavenson;  1893,  Walter  Brook  Rickards,  of  Trin.  Coll.,  Camb.,  per 
res.  Bennett  ;  1898,  T.  E.  Crawhall,  of  Trin.  Coll.,  Camb.,  B.A.,  per  res.  Rickards;  1900,  J.  S.  St.  John, 
per  res.  Crawhall.     The  patronage  of  the  benefice  now  belongs  to  Lady  John  Joicey-Cecil. 

"  Ex  inf.  Rev.  Anthony  Johnson. 


Vol.  VI. 


17 


130  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

NEWTON  TOWNSHIP. 

The  township  of  Newton  is  situated  at  the  extreme  north-west  of  the 
parish  of  Rywell  St.  Peter,  and  comprises  an  area  of  791  acres. ^  The 
hamlet  of  Newton,  which  is  built  upon  the  freestone  rock,  stands  400  feet 
above  the  sea  amidst  arable  and  pasture  fields,  having  a  southern  exposure. 
It  contains  a  small  manufactory  for  agricultural  implements  of  considerable 
request,  an  inn,  and  about  26  houses  and  cottages.  To  the  north-west  of 
the  hamlet,  at  a  height  of  536  feet  above  sea-level,  rises  the  Toft  hill 
crowned  with  a  small  plantation.  There  are  detached  homesteads  at  High- 
house  and  Kiln-house,  and  in  igoi  there  was  a  population  of  150.^ 

About  the  year  1240  Neuton  del  West  was  held  in  socage  of  the  barony 
of  Baliol  by  Hugh  de  Bolbec  in  free  marriage.^  His  wife's  christian  name 
was  Theophania  ;  she  was  probably  a  Baliol,  but  her  parentage  is  unknown. 
On  Hugh  de  Bolbec's  death  in  1262  his  estates,  as  will  be  more  fully  related 
in  the  account  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec,  were  shared  by  his  four  daughters, 
Margery,  wife,  first  of  Nicholas  Corbet  of  Stanton,  and  secondly  of  Ralph,  son 
of  William  de  Greystoke  ;  Alice,  wife  of  Walter  de  Huntercumbe  of  Wooler  ; 
Philippa,  wife  of  Roger  de  Lancaster  ;  and  Maud,  wife  of  Hugh  Delaval. 
As  Alice  and  Maud  died  without  issue  their  respective  shares  devolved  upon 
the  issue  of  Margery  and  Philippa.  Philippa,  widow  of  Roger  de  Lancaster, 
died  about   1294  seised   of  a  fourth  part  of  Neuton,  worth   _^4  4s.  6d.  per 


annum.* 


Neuton  Subsidy  Roll, 


■.96. 

£    s- 

d. 

s. 

d. 

I  4 

0 

unde  regi 

2 

2i 

2  2 

0 

3 

9l 

2  7 

8 

4 

4 

2  4 

2 

4 

ok 

I  18 

8 

3 

6i 

2   '^ 

0 

3 

9l 

I  6 

0 

2 

4* 

I  7 

4 

2 

5l 

■i,  26s 

i.  6.j 

[d. 

(SIC) 

Summa  bonorum  Alani  filii  Adae 

,,  Walter!  filii  Ivetae 

„  Robert!  filii  Ricardi 

„  Thomae  de  Wytthil 

„  Robert!  filii  Roger!  

„  Roger!  filii  Langhol 

„  Eliae  filii  Thomae  ... 

„  Adae  filii  Ricardi    ... 

Summa  hujus  viUae,  ^14  us.  lod.     Unde  regi, 

Hugh  Delaval,  having  survived  his  wife,  held  for  the  term  of  his  life  a 
fourth  part  of  the  vill  of  Newton,  held  of  the  manor  of  Bywell,  worth  60s. 
yearly  in  all  issues.^     Margery  de  Bolbec's  grandson,  Ralph  baron  Greystoke, 

'  To  which,  by  an  order  of  the  Local  Government  Board  made  on  the  20th  December,  1SS6,  a 
detached  fragment  of  the  township  of  Rywell  St.  Peter  has  been  added. 

"The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,  137;  1811,  loi  ;  1821,  105;  1831,  in  ;  1841,  127;  1851,  138; 
1861,126;  1871,126;   iS8i,i^4;    1891,171;  1901,150.  '  Tes/i?  (ft- iVft^iV/,  Record  Series,  p.  388. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Philipae  uxoris  Roger!  de  Lancastria,  22  Edw.  I.  No.  25. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Laval  de  hereditate  Matildae  uxoris  ejus,  30  Edw.  L  No.  19. 


NEWTON    TOWNSHIP.  I3I 

who  is  Stated  to  have  been  poisoned  at  breakfast  at  Gateshead  on  July  3rd, 
1323,'  was  seised  at  his  death  of  three  husbandlands  in  Newton,  each  of 
which  used  to  comprise  a  messuage  and  15  acres,  paying  in  time  of  peace 
I2S.  ijd.,  but  then  worth  nothing.^  About  the  same  period  Sir  Adam  de 
Swinburne,  who  had  taken  part  in  Sir  Gilbert  de  Middleton's  rebellion,  held 
in   Newton   two   bond  tenements  of  John  de  Lancaster  as  of  the  manor  of 

Styford.^ 

Neuton  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 

Willelmiis  de  Spiryden,  4s. ;  Odnellus,  4s.  id. ;  Galfridus  de  Neuton,  3s. ;  Simon  de  Neuton,  5s. ; 
Walterus  de  Neuton,  2s. ;  Matillda  vidua,  as.  2d.     Summa,  20s.  3d. 

A  parcel  of  land  at  Blacklaw  in  Newton  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  which 
had  belonged  to  Guy  Darrayns  of  Whittonstall  was  demised  by  his  daughter 
Isolda  in  1345  to  William,  son  of  William  de  Charlton,  and  John,  son  of 
Laurence  de  Stokisfelde,  to  hold  for  the  life  of  Isolda  at  the  rent  of  13s.  4d.* 

William  de  Greystoke,  son  of  the  above-mentioned  Ralph  de  Greystoke, 
had  livery  of  his  lands  in  1342  and  died  in  1359,  having,  together  with  Joan, 
his  second  wife,  granted  his  moiety  of  the  manor  of  Styford  and  his  lands 
in  Neuton  to  Robert  de  Herle.'^  At  the  time  of  his  death,  on  July  5th,  1364, 
Sir  Robert  de  Herle  was  seised  of  eleven  husbandlands  and  two  cottages  in 
Newton  by  Bywell,  held  of  the  countess  of  Pembroke  by  the  service  of  I5d. 
a  year  for  cornage,  and  4od.  for  'tenepenys'  twice  every  seven  years  ;  the 
premises  were  worth  60s.  a  year  besides  the  services.*^ 

Another  tenement  was  held  by  John  del  Chaumbre,  who  died  on  August 
1 8th,  1379,  seised  of  a  messuage  and  24  acres  of  land  in  Little  Newton,  by 
Corbryg,  held  of  John  Nevill  as  of  the  manor  of  Bywell  by  the  payment  of 
one  pound  of  pepper  for  all  services.'  His  heir  was  his  only  daughter  Alice 
who  died  on  October  14th,  1385,  and  was  succeeded  by  her  cousin-german 
Katherine  de  Moston." 

'  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  ii.  p.  377. 

-  Inq.  p.m.  Radus.  bar.  de  Graystok,  17  Edw.  II.  No.  72. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Adam,  de  Swynburn,  20  Edw.  II.  No.  4S.  ^  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  255. 

''  Willelmus  baro  de  Graystock  et  Johanna,  uxor  ejus,  concesserunt  per  finem  Roberto  de  Herle  et 
heredibus  suis  medietatem  manerii  de  Styford,  cum  terris  et  tenementis  in  Newton,  infra  baroniam  de 
Bywell,  in  excambium  pro  manerio  de  Agerton  et  terris  in  Benrigge.  Idem  Willelmus  relaxavit  dicto 
Roberto  totum  jus  in  advocacione  abbacie  de  Blaunchland  et  in  omnibus  feodis  pertinentibus  ad 
baroniam  de  Bulbeck.  Et  idem  Robertus  concessit  dicto  Willelmo  et  heredibus  2  feoda  et  dimidium  in 
Whitchester,  Benwell,  Echwyke,  Est  Hedwyn  et  Midelton  Morell.  {Rot. Lit.  Clans.  30  Edw.  III.  memb.  17.) 
Dodsworth  MS.  No.  85,  folio  122. 

"  Inq.  p.m.  Roberti  Herle,  chr.  38  Edw.  III.  first  numbers,  No.  23. 
'  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  del  Chaumbre,  8  Ric.  II.  No   12. 

"Inq.  p.m..  Alicias  fili»  Johannis  del  Chambre,  16  Ric.  11.  part  2,  No.  135;  cf.  \Ve\ford,  Neiccastlc 
and  GatfsliCdd,  vol.  i.  p.  204. 


132  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

del  Chaumbre  = 


John  del  Chaumbre,  mayor  of  Newcastle,  1361,  =  Catherine,    buried  Isabel     del  =  de  -Moston. 


1362  ;  M.P.  1362  ;  died  August  iSth,  1379,   /iig. 
p.m.  taken  at  Newcastle,  August  2nd,  13S3. 


at  St.  Nicholas',  Chaumbre. 

Newcastle  (a). 


Alice,  daughter  and  sole  heir,  was  12  years  of  age  at  the  taking  of  her  Katherine    de   iMoston,    found    to    be 

father's   inquisition  ;    married    William    de    Elmeden,   jun.  ;    died  kinswoman    and    heir    to  Alice   del 

October  14th,  1385.     /ng.  p.m.  taken  at  Fehon,  October  4th,  1392  ;  Chaumbre  ;   was  34  years  of  age  in 

will  proved  13th  October,  1386  (/5).  1392. 

(a)  Welford,  NtwcastU  and  Gateshead^  vol.  i.  p.  156. 

(J))  Durham  Wills  and  Invenlories,  Raine,  vol.  i.  p.  42,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  3. 

By  the  marriage  of  Sir  Adam  de  Swinburne's  daughter  and  co-heiress 
Barnaba  with  Sir  John  de  Stryvelyn,  the  latter  acquired  a  portion  of  Newton, 
apparently  comprising  two  tenements  and  48  acres  of  land.  Under  the  terms 
of  a  settlement  made  at  Belsay  on  Sunday,  June  13th,  1361,  these  premises 
were  limited  to  the  use  of  Sir  John  Stryvelyn  and  Jacoba  his  second  wife 
and  to  their,  or  her,  heirs,  with  remainder  to  John  de  Middleton  and  Christina 
his  wife  and  their  heirs.^  These  two  husbandlands  were  enjoyed  by  Jacoba 
during  her  w-idowhood,  and  at  the  time  of  her  death,  February  6th,  1391, 
were  stated  to  be  worth  2s.  a  year  and  to  be  held  of  Ralph  de  Nevill  (the 
lord  of  Bywell)  by  the  service  of  a  rose."  Sir  John  de  Middleton  died  on 
August  9th,  1396,  seised,  jointly  with  Christina  his  wife,  of  two  tenements 
and  48  acres  of  land  in  Newton  held  in  socage  and  worth  los.  a  year.^ 
His  widow  Christina  survived  until  March  loth,  140 1/2,  when  she  died 
seised  of  a  cottage,  4  acres  of  land,  and  2  acres  of  meadow  in  Newton,  held 
of  Ralph,  earl  of  Westmorland,  and  worth  no  more  than  4d.  a  year.^ 

In  the  inquisition  taken  in  1426  after  the  death  of  Ralph  Nevill,  earl  of 
Westmorland,  it  is  stated  that  he  was  seised  at  the  time  of  his  death  of  6 
messuages  in  Newton  which  were  of  no  value  because  '  debilis  '  and  ruinous, 
120  acres  of  arable  land  worth  id.  an  acre,  200  acres  of  moor,  and  100  acres 
of  wood  w^hich  was  worthless.'  A  little  later  a  tenement  and  lands  in 
Newton  were  in  the  hands  of  the  family  of  Raymes  of  Shortflat  and  Aydon, 
of  which  Robert  Raymes  died  seised  April  4th,  1490." 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Stryvelyn,  2  Ric.  II.  No.  49. 

■  Inq.  p.m.  Jacobae  uxoris  Johannis  de  Stryvelyn,  14  Ric.  II.  No.  47. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  Midleton,  20  Kic.  II.  No.  37. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Christiana:  uxoris  Johannis  Midleton,  9  Hen.  X.  No.  54. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Radulphi  comes  West.  4  Hen.  \T.  No.  37. 

°  Inq.  p.m.  Robert!  Raymes  5  Hen.  VII.     Cal.  Inq.  p.m.  Hen.  VII.  p.  235. 


NEWTON   TOWNSHIP. 


133 


Tenants  in  Newton,  1524.' 


Tenement,      Rent, 
etc.  s.      d. 

Joan,widow  of  Christopher  Robynson, 

and  William  Robinson,  jointly    ...      i         28     4 
Isabel,  widow  of  John  Hanyson,  and 

Richard  Harryson...         ...         ...     i         14     2 

Joan,  widow  of  Robert  Dawson,  and 

Anthony  Dawson  ...         ...         ...     i         '4     2 


George  Moland 

William  Wilkynson    ... 

John  Maland  ... 

Margaret,  widow  of  Thomas  Redehede 

Total 


Tenement, 

Rent. 

etc. 

s.      d. 

...      i 

14      2 

...      \ 

1 
2 

14      2 
14      2 

de    i 

14       2 

113     4 


Newton  Muster  Roll,  1538. 

Willm  Tynyng,  Willm  Robynson,  Thomas  Herynson,  Antone  Davison,  Edward  Purpes ;  able  with 
hors  and  harnes.  Robert  Mallant,  Robert  Redheid,  Richert  Heryson,  Willm  Redheid,  Edwerd 
MylbiH'n ;  naither  hors  nor  harnes.' 

The    tenements    which     were    in    the    possession  of    Ralph,    earl    of 

Westmorland,  in   1425,  were  in   the   possession   of  his  descendant,  Charles 

Nevill,    the   last    earl,    on    his    attainder   in    1569,   and  were   still    held    by 
si.\  tenants,  although  in  unequal  portions. 


Tenant. 

He 

Iding. 

Christofer  Robynson 

tenement,  etc. 

Richard  Herryson 

Mathew  Dawson 

Robert  Redhed 

John  Wylkynson 

Thomas  Redhed 

All  the  tenants  and 

inhabitants 

of  Halton 

Tenants  holding  v.v  Lease  in  Newton,  1570. 


Tenure. 
15y  lease  dated  30th  June,  1566,  for  21  years 


for  17  years 
for  II  years 


d. 

4 
4 


Rent. 

s. 
28 
28 

14 

14 
14 

14 


iberty  on  the  commons  of  Newton  and  Bywell  for  pasture  of  the  animals  by  ancient  custom     13     4 


Sum 


£6    6     8 


A  tenement  in  Newton  with  a  garden  and  croft  and  14  acres  of  land  in 
the  vili  and  fields  of  Newton  was  held  by  John  Swinburne  of  Chopwell  at 
the  lord's  will  according  to  the  custom  of  the  lordship,  and  were  let  to 
Richard  Reve  at  i8s.  a  year.  Also  a  cottage  and  garden,  which  were  let 
to  William  Tynlege  at  4s.  a  year.^ 

The  same  rents,  paid  by  a  smaller  number  of  tenants  and  in  still  more 
unequal  proportions,  were  rendered  to  the  Crown  in  1608.* 

'  P.  R.  O.  Rentals  ami  Surveys,  portfolio  ,';[:.  -  Arch.  Ad.  4to  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  177. 

^  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey,  Q.R.  Misc.  Books,  38,  p.  211.  *  Haggatt  and  Ward's  Survey. 


Rem, 

Value 
buyoiul 

Uuiil 

£    s. 

d. 

c 

s. 

d. 

3   17 

s 

8 

13 

4 

I  19 

4 

4 

6 

S 

0  14 

1 

2 

3 

4 

0  14 

0 

0 

3 

4 

0  13 

4 

— 

134  THE    PARISH    OF    BYVVEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

Tenants  Holding  by  Lease  in  Newton,  1608. 

Tenant.  Tenements. 

Kicliard  Parker  ...     2    Ry  letters  |)aleiit  yrantcd  lolh  April,  1607,  for  40  years 

William  Robinson  (late 
Christopher  Robinson 

his  father)      1 

Ciuhbert  Davison       ...      i  „  granted  6th  October,  1602,  for  21  years    o   14 

Robert  Redhead         ...     i  „  granted  ist  August,  1600,  „ 

The  tenants  and  inhabitants  of  Halton  and  Clarewood  doe  common  with  them  of 
nywell  and  Newton  by  auncient  custome  for  which  they  pay  yearly  rent 

£7  18     8    ^17     6     8 

At  the  sale'  of  the  earl  of  Westmorland's  confiscated  estates  opportunity 
seems  to  have  been  given  to  the  leasehold  tenants  to  purchase  their 
several  tenements  ;  accordingly  the  names  of  Christopher  Robinson  and 
Richard  Harrison,  which  appear  in  the  list  of  customarv  tenants  in  1570, 
and  that  of  William  Robinson,  which  appears  in  the  similar  list  of  1608, 
were  represented  by  George  Harrison  and  John  Robinson,  who  in  1663 
were  rated  as  freeholders  at  £2/\,  equivalent  in  value  to  about  two-thirds 
of  the  township. 

Newton  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665. 
Widdow  Robson  and  George  Harrison,  each  two  chimneys  ;  William  Davison,  Henry  Ridley,  Roger 
Yunger,  Thomas  Baites,  and  John  Hunter,  each  one  chimney  ;    widdow  Lamb,  Anne  Hunter,  John 
Co.von,  Thomas  Hall,  Edward  Hall,  John  Leighton,  and  John  Wilkinson,  'not  payable.' 

The  lands  which  in  1663  belonged  to  George  Harrison  and  John 
Robinson  seem  to  have  been  acquired  by  the  Fenwicks  of  Bywell,  and  the 
settlement  made  in  1724,  after  the  marriage  of  Margaret,  daughter  and 
co-heiress  of  William  Fenwick  of  Bywell,  with  John  Fenwick  of  Stanton, 
comprises  land  in  Newton.  Their  son  William  Fenwick  in  1755  received 
an  allotment  in  lieu  of  the  right  of  common  of  pasture  upon  Shildon-moor 
appurtenant  to  his  lands  in  Newton.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  younger 
son,  also  named  William  Fenwick,  by  the  trustees  of  whose  will 
Shildon-moor  farm  comprising  127  acres,  was  sold  in  1808  to  Robert 
Jobling  of  Newton-hall.  Eight  years  later  Mr.  Fenwick's  widow,  with  her 
second  husband  Mr.  Septimus  Hodson,  sold  the  remaining  part  of  the 
Fenwicks'  estate  in  the  township  of  Newton,  comprising  about  480  acres,  to 
Joseph  Bainbridge  of  Newcastle.^ 

'  8th  April,  161 1  ;  John  Eldred  and  George  Whitmore  obtained  a  grant  of  certain  lands  at  Newton; 
Pat.  Rolls,  g  Jas.  1.  pt.  8.  15th  September,  1629;  White  and  Stevenson  obtained  a  grant  of  lands  in 
Newton  of  the  yearly  rent  of  £.S  13s.  4d.,  and  a  cottage  of  the  rent  of  3s.  4d.;  Put.  Rolls, 
5  Chas.  I.  pt.  9.  1!  Messrs.  Hedley's  Newton  Deeds.     E.v  inf.  Mr.  Mark  .Archer. 


NEWTON    TOWNSHIP.  I  35 

Certain  lands  in  Newton  formerly  belonging  to  Robert  Redhead  the 
younger,  of  Corbridge,  and  purchased  from  him  by  John  Craghild,  were  by 
the  latter  sold  on  December  2nd,  1725,  to  John  Jobling'  of  Brocks-hall  or 
Brocks-bushes,  who,  in  1755,  ^^  the  enclosure  of  Shildon-moor,  received  an 
allotment  of  five  acres.  His  descendant,  William  Jobling,  in  18 14  sold  these 
lands  and  the  Fell-house  to  Joseph  Bainbridge,  whose  representative  in  1842 
sold  all  their  lands  in  Newton  to  Mr.  William  Hedley  of  Wylam,  to  whose, 
family  these  various  parcels  of  Newton  still  belong. 

The  lands  for  which  John  Hunter  of  Newton  and  Mr.  Ralph  Scurfield 
were  respectively  assessed  at  ^  5  apiece  in  1663^  were  purchased  in  1700  by 
John  Douglas  of  Newcastle  from  John  Hunter,  of  Newton,  and  his  sons 
Thomas  and  Robeil,  and  from  Ralph  Scurfield,^  son  and  heir  of  Ralph 
Scurfield  of  Newcastle  ;  the  consideration  paid  to  the  Hunters  was  .:^46o, 
and  that  to  Scurfield  ;^I50.'  Two  years  afterwards  Douglas  sold  the  lands 
so  acquired  to  Henry  Collinson  of  Aydon  Castle.'* 

December  4tli,  1722.  In  the  name  of  God,  Amen.  I,  Henry  Collinson  of  Newton,  in  the  comity  of 
Northumberland,  gentleman,  being  weak  in  body  but  of  sound  and  perfect  mind,  praise  be  therefore 
given  to  Almighty  God,  do,  having  first  commended  my  soul  into  the  hands  of  Almighty  God  hopeing 
through  the  meritts,  death  and  passion  of  my  Saviour  Jesus  Christ  to  have  full  and  free  pardon  and 
forgiveness  of  all  my  sinns  and  to  inherit  everlasting  life.  And  having  also  committed  my  body  to 
the  earth  to  be  decently  buried  at  ye  discretion  of  my  executor  hereafter  named,  make  and  ordain 
this  my  last  will  and  testament  in  manner  and  form  following.  Imprimis,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  my 
dearly  beloved  wife  Isabel  all  my  personal  estate  at  Newton  and  Nafferton,  in  the  county  of 
Northumberland,  except  a  chesnut  mare  with  a  starr  in  her  forehead  running  five  years  old  next  grass, 
which  I  give  to  my  son  William,  and  except  a  chesnut  colt  running  two  years  old  next  grass,  which  I  give 
to  my  son  Henry.  Item,  I  give  to  my  daughter  Jane,  wife  of  George  Kirkley  of  Newcastle,  butcher,  the 
sume  of  tenn  pounds,  to  be  paid  her  out  of  my  personal  estate  at  Newton  aforesaid  by  my  wife,  within 
twelve  months  after  my  death.  Item,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  my  son  William  all  my  lands  and 
tenements  situate  lying  and  being  at  Newton  and  Tinmouth,  in  ye  county  of  Northumberland,  and  to  his 
heirs  for  ever,  and  I  will  that  he,  my  son  William,  pay  all  my  debts,  funeral  charges,  and  legacies, 
except  the  aforesaid  legacy  of  tenn  pounds  given  to  my  daughter  Jane,  and  for  the  true  payment  of  all  my 
debts,  funeral  charges  and  legacies,  I  make  subject  all  my  lands  and  tenements  in  Newton  and 
Tinmouth  aforesaid.  Item,  I  give  to  my  son  Henry  the  sume  of  thirty  pounds,  to  be  paid  him  out  of  my 
lands  and  tenements  at  Newton  and  Tinmouth  aforesaid  by  my  son  William,  within  twelve  months  after 
my  death.  Item,  I  do  give  to  my  son  John  the  sume  of  twenty  pounds  to  be  paid  him  by  my  son 
William,  out  of  my  lands  and  tenements  at  Newton  and  Tinmouth  aforesaid  as  soon  as  my  said  son 
John  has  served  the  time  of  his  apprentishipp  in  the  trade  of  a  shipwright,  to  which  he  is  now  bound  in  the 

'  John  Jobling  of  Brocks-bushes  voted  for  Newton  Fell-house  in  1748.     Poll  Book. 
-  Book  of  Rates ;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  287. 

'  Ralph  Scurfield,  son  and  heir  of  Ralph  Scurfield  of  Newcastle,  gentleman,  deceased,  was  appren- 
ticed October  ist,  167S,  to  Timothy  Robson  of  Newcastle,  boothman,  was  admitted  free  of  the  company 
January  iSth,  1689,  and  died  ctrca   1727.      Newcastle  Merchant  Adventurers,  Dendy,  vol.  ii.  p.  309.      Surt. 
Soc.  No.  loi.  ,  ]yj,.  Jq]^„  Joicey's  Trustees'  Papers.  =  Ibid. 


136 


THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.L   ST.    PETER. 


COLLINSON    OF    AYDON    CASTLE    AND    NEWTON. 

C01.1.1NSON  = 


Grace bur.  =  William  Collinson,  a  captain  in  the  army,  =  Anne,  sister  of  Mr.  Ralph 


on  the  day 
of  her  son 
William's 
baptism,  27th 
April,      1662 


stationed  at  Tynemouth  Castle,  pur- 
chased Aydon  Castle,  16 ,  was  one  of 

the  four  and  twenty  of  Tynemouth,  and 
gave  I  OS.  a  year  to  the  poor  of  that 
parish,  to  be  distributed  at  Easter  ;  buried 
in  the  chancel  at  Tynemouth  Priory 
church,  iSth  April,  167S  {/>)  ;  will  dated 
1 2th  September,  1675  {c). 


Lawson  ;  to  whom  her 
husband  gave  ;i"20  per 
annum  over  and  above 
lier  jointure,  and  his  house 
at  Tynemouth  ;  of  New- 
castle when  she  made  her 
will  on  gth  April,  1691  ; 
proved   1692  (c). 


Francis  Col- 
linson, dead 
before  1675 
{c). 

0/ 


Henry  Col- 
linson, in 
1675,  'at 
Boseatt,  7 
miles  from 
Northamp- 
ton' (0- 
4' 


Mary   Rowe,  of  ^  Henry    Collinson,    of    Aydon  =  Isabel, 


South  Shields, 
mar.  at  Tyne- 
mouth iSth 
July,  1678  (i). 


I 


Castle,    to    whom   his    step-      named  in 
mother  gave  los.  as  a  token,      her    hus- 
purchased    lands  at    Newton      band's 
4th    November,    1702,    from      will. 
John  Douglas,  of  Newcastle 
((/)  ;  will  dated  4th  Decem- 
ber, 1722  ;  pr.  1723  (</)  W- 


I  I 

William,      William  Collinson,  baptised 

born25th       on  the  day  of  his  mother's 

October,        burial,  27th  April,  1662  (/5), 

i653(//);       to  whom  his  father  gave 

buried  his   free  lands   at   North 

5th  Aug.,       Shields,  leased  from  the 

1657  (''')•        ^'■""'  °f   Northumberland 

together  with    a    house, 

and  tenement  (c). 


Ill        , 

Elizabeth,  living 
1675  {c). 

Sarah,  married 
Frederick  Flet- 
cher, liv.  167; 
and  1 691  (c). 

Grace,    liv.   1673 


illiam,   bapt.   7th  Dec, 

1680  (i). 
Edward,  bapt.  2nd  August, 

1682  ii). 
Henry,    bapt.     15th    Dec, 

1687  («)  ;   bur.  8th  July, 

1696  (rj). 
Oswald,  bapt.   14th   Feb., 

1692/3    (a)  ;    bur.    loth 

.'\pril,  1696  (a). 


William  Collinson,  of 

Newton,  baptised 
15th  August,  1696 
(a) ;  polled  for 
Newton  in  1748  ; 
died  26th  August, 
1761,  aged  66(/) ; 
will  dated  15th 
August,  1 76 1  (1/). 


:Jane  Preston, 
of  Harnham, 
widow  («■), 
died  14th 
June,  1794, 
aged  91  (/). 


Ill 
Henry,    baptised    12th 

January,  1698/9  (a), 
named  in  his  father's 
will  co- 
John, bapt.  17th  March, 
1 701  (rt),  named  in 
his  father's  will  (c). 
Joseph, bapt.  i4th.April, 
1703  (a),  named  in 
his  father's  will  («■). 


I      I      I      I 
Elizabeth,bapt.  4th  July,  16S9 

(a);  buried  31st  December, 

1695  (a). 
Isabel,  bapt.  2nd  Aug.,   1690 

(a);  mar.  Thomas  Usher,  of 

Styford  (e). 
Sarah,   bapt.  3rd  Jan.  1694/5 

(a);  bur.  31st  Oct.,  1695  (a). 
June,    mar.    George    Kirkley 

of  Newcastle,  butcher  (0. 


I 
William  Collinson,  of  Newton, 
only  son  (</),  of  Basinghall 
Street,  London,  calico 
printer,  1773  Qii),  of  Lime- 
house,  distiller,  in  1777  (i^)  ; 
will  dated  29th  March,  1791 


Mary,  daughter  of 
William  Stevens,  of 
I  pswich  (<>) ;  sett,  before 
marr.  31st  January, 
1777  (1/);  living  a  widow 
in  1S08  at  Wanstead, 
Essex  ((/). 


I     I     I     I     I     I 
Ruhannah,  married  William  Winship  {e),  and  died  8th 

April,  1S08,  aged  73  (/"). 
Jane   mar.   William  Sanderson    of   Widdiington  (0, 
Isabel  mar.  John  Hutchinson  of  the  parish  of  Ryton. 
Anne,  living  1761. 
Sarah,  living  1761. 
Bridget,  living  1761. 


Charles  Collinson,  only 
son,  died  at  the  age  of 
5  years  (rf). 

(a)  Corliiidge  Register. 
(^)  Tynemouth  Register. 


Anne,  living  8th  October,  1808. 
Mary,  mar.  Thos.  Pycroft  of  Ilampstead, 
living  8th  October,  1808. 

(c)  Durham  Probate  Registry. 

(d)  Mr.  John  Joicey's  Trustees'  Deeds. 


I      I      I 
Catherine,  living  8th  October,  1808. 
Elizabeth,  living  Sth  October,  1808. 
Sarah,  living  Sth  October,  1808. 

(c)  Messrs.  Hedley's  Newton  Deeds. 
(/)  M.I.  Bywell  St.  Peter. 


NEWTON    TOWNSHIP.  1 37 

town  of  Newcastle,  and  I  will  that  my  son  William  maintain  him  in  good,  decent  and  becoming  appaiell 
during  the  term  of  his  apprentishipp.  Item,  I  give  to  my  son  Joseph  the  sume  of  twenty  pounds  to  be 
paid  by  my  son  William,  out  of  my  lands  and  tenements  at  Newton  andTinmouth  aforesaid  as  soon  as  he, 
my  said  son  Joseph,  has  served  the  time  of  his  apprentishipp  at  the  trade  of  a  joyner,  to  which  he  is  now 
bound  in  the  town  of  Newcastle,  and  I  will  that  my  son  William  maintain  him  in  good,  decent  and 
becoming  apparell  during  the  term  of  his  apprentishipp.  Item,  I  give  unto  my  daughter  Isabel,  wife  of 
Thomas  Usher  of  Styford,  in  the  county  of  Northumberland,  yeoman,  the  sume  of  tenn  shillings,  to  buy 
her  a  mourning  ring,  to  be  paid  her  by  my  son  William.  Item,  I  give  to  my  grandson  Tristram,  son  of 
John  Hepple  of  Aydon,  in  the  county  of  Northumberland,  the  sume  of  twenty  shillings,  to  be  paid  by  my 
son  William  within  twelve  months  after  my  death.  Lastly,  all  the  rest  and  residue  of  my  personall" 
estate,  goods  and  chattels  whatsoever,  I  do  give  and  bequeath  to  my  son  William,  and  do  make  him 
sole  executor  of  this  my  last  will  and  testament.     Proved  at  Durham,  October  znd,  1723. 

This  estate  remained  in  the  family  of  Collinson  until  1808,  when  it  was 
sold  by  the  widow  and  children  ofWilliam  Collinson,  of  Lime-house,  London, 
to  Taylor  Winship,  of  Gateshead,  merchant.  Mr.  Winship,  in  18 16,  sold 
part  of  his  lands  in  Newton  to  Joseph  Bainbridge,  and  the  remainder,  after 
passing  through  various  hands,  was  purchased  by  the  late  Mr,  John  Joicey, 
and  now  forms  part  of  the  Newton-hall  estate. 

THE  TOWNSHIP  OF  STELLING. 

The  small  township  of  Stelling'  comprises  242  acres"  which  in  1901  had 
a  population  of  50.^  The  house,  at  present  being  rebuilt,  is  within  the  500 
feet  contour  line,  surrounded  by  plantations  of  forest  trees,  and  commands 
an  extensive  view  to  the  south  over  the  Tyne  valley. 

Sometime  during  the  twelfth  century  the  manor  of  Stelling,  a  toft  at 
Newbiggin-by-the-Sea  and  a  rent  charge  out  of  North  Seaton  were  given  by 
Bernard  de  Baliol  *  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  He.xham,  who,  about  the  year 
1240,  were  stated  to  hold  the  Stelling  of  John  de  Baliol  in  socage  and  alms.' 
For  the  subsidy  of  1 296  it  was  associated  with  Cheeseburn  Grange. 

Stelling  [and]  Cheseurch  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

£      s.      d.  s.      d. 

Summa  bonorum  grangiae  de  Stelling      9     5     8  unde  regi  i6  loi 

1.            „          grangiae  de  Chesburch            1758             „  3'  5 

Prions    de    Hextildisham    summa    hujus    grangiae   de 

Stelling  et  Cheburch           26  1 1     4            „  48  3^ 

'  By  an  order  of  the  Local  Government  Board,  made  on  the  20th  December,  1S86,  a  portion  of  the 
township  of  Ovington  was  added  to  the  township  of  Stelling.  By  the  Ordnance  Survey  of  1895  it  is 
computed  to  comprise  343  acres. 

■  The  Census  Returns  are  :  1801,17;  1811,19;  1821,12;  1831,17;  1841,53;  1851,32;  1861,27; 
1871,  19  ;   1881,  47  ;  1891,  53  ;  1901,  50. 

I  Cf-  vol.  iii.  p.  141.  ■>  Testa  de  Nevill,  Record  Series,  pp.  3S5,  388. 

Black  Book  of  Hexham;   Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  p.  54;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  47. 

Vol.  VI,  ,S 


138  THE    PARISH    OF    BVWELL    ST.    PETER. 

In  1479  the  prior  and  convent  possessed  the  whole  manor  of  Stellinc;,  on 
which  divers  houses  were  built.  It  was  a  separate  holding  at  all  times  of  the 
year  and  was  comprised  within  the  following  limits  :  beginning  at  the  east 
end  of  the  common  field  the  boundary  proceeded  to  the  Holborne-well  and 
thence  ascended  towards  the  west  bv  a  little  sike,  and  the  boundarv  stones 
set  out  between  the  said  common  field  of  Stelling  and  part  of  the  Newton- 
hall  field,  called  Morehousfelde,  until  it  came  to  a  certain  balk  lying  at  the 
east  side  of  Lampot-lech,  thence  following  the  said  balk  southward  by 
boundary  stones  set  out  between  the  said  common  fields  of  Stelling  and 
Newton-hall  until  it  came  to  the  Whye-well,  then  following  another  balk 
which  lay  on  the  west  side  of  the  Notthyng-lawe  until  it  came  to  Thornlaw- 
flatt  ;  then  following  another  balk  which  lay  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Farnelaw  between  the  said  law  and  the  flat  called  Cokishow  until  it  crossed 
Akom-leche,  and  then  following  the  said  letch  eastward  as  far  as  the 
Stokwell  and  thence  following  an  old  ditch  to  the  head  of  the  close  of  the 
said  common  field  of  the  manor,  then  following  another  old  ditch  northward 
until  it  came  to  the  aforesaid  Holburn  well.  Appurtenant  to  the  manor  of 
Stelling,  the  prior  and  convent  had  common  of  pasture  throughout  the  whole 
barony  of  Bywell,  viz.,  intercommon  for  every  kind  of  beast  at  all  times  of 
the  year.  The  survey  states  that  Sir  Adamar  de  Athol,  knight,  formerly 
held  the  manor  with  all  its  appurtenances  by  lease,  at  the  yearly  rent  of  4 
marks.  The  convent  also  possessed  the  water  mill  at  NafFerton,  to  which 
belonged  the  multure  of  NafFerton  and  Whittle,  and  a  cottage  called  the 
miller's  croft,  all  of  which  were  waste. ^ 

The  annual  value  of  Stellyng,  as  entered  in  the  survey  of  the  estates  of 

the  abbot  and  convent  made  in  July,  1536,  was  £\  13s.  4d.  ;  it  was  then  held 

by  Thomas  Swinburne,  and  comprised  a  tenement  with  common  of  pasture 

on  Welling-moore." 

Stellyn  and  Acam  Muster  Roll,  1538.' 

Rolland  Hyne,  Thomas  Laydlay,  Robert  Heryngton,  Thomas  Hyne,  Janat  CoUe,  Willm  Davison; 
able  with  hors  and  harnes. 

On  the  dissolution  of  the  monasteries,  Thomas  Swinburne  of  Houghton, 
one  of  the  younger  sons  of  George  Swinburne  of  Edlingham,  continued  to 

'  Black  Book  of  Hexham;  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  p.  54;  Surt.  .Soc.  No.  46. 
"  Cf.  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  p.  164,  and  vol.  iii.  of  this  work,  p.  158. 
^  Arch.  A  el.  4to  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  178. 


STELLING    TOWNSHIP.  I39 

hold  the  place  from  the  crown  lessees,  and  by  his  will,  dated  7th  April, 
1565,  gave  his  '  farmehold  of  the  Stellinge  '  to  his  brother  Gawayne.  In  the 
inventory  of  his  goods  exhibited  at  Durham,  i6th  May,  1566,  it  is  stated  that 
he  possessed  at  Stelling  2  oxen,  26s.  8d.  ;  5  kye,  ^3  6s.  8d.  ;  7  quies,  56s.  ; 
42  wethers,  £S  13s.;  5  tuppes  and  a  gimer,  6s.;  40  hogges,  £j^  13s.  8d.  ; 
10  hogges,  23s.  4d. ;  6  boules  of  whet,  42s. ;  7  boules  of  rye,  56s. ;  10  boule 
of  otts,  40s.;  6  platters,  6  dishes,  6  saucers,  i  bason,  los.  Gawyn  Swinburne 
of  Cheeseburn  Grange,  by  his  will,  dated  26th  April,  1576,  gave  his  'right 
and  interest  of  the  Stellinge  to  one  of  my  nephew  John  Hearon  his  sonnes 
of  Chipches.'  ^ 

A  tenement  called  the  Stelling,  two  closes  of  meadow  and  pasture  land, 
containing  by  estimation  3  acres,  other  lands  and  pastures,  containing  by 
estimation  20  acres,  with  common  of  pasture  in  Welling-more,  all  in  the 
tenure  of  Thomas  Swinborne,  at  the  yearly  rent  of  33s.  4d.  ; "  a  tenement  at 
Kearsley,  in  the  tenure  of  William  Shafto,  of  the  vearly  value  of  6s.  8d., 
which  premises  at  the  Stelling,  Welling-more,  and  Kearsley  formerly 
belonged  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  Hexham,  were  granted,  2nd  October, 
1605,  to  John  Halsey  and  Robert  Morgan  of  London,  gentlemen,  on  the 
petition  and  in  consideration  of  the  services  of  Sir  William  Bowyer  of 
Berwick-on-Tweed,  knight.^  The  fee  simple  must  have  been  immediately 
conveyed  by  the  grantees  to  Sir  John  Fenwick  of  Wallington,  knight,  who 
by  deed*  dated  26th  January,  1609/10,  conveyed  the  Stelling  to  Anne  Bowes 
of  Newburn-hall,  widow,  and  to  her  son,  Cuthbert  Heron  of  Chipchase,  esq. 
In  1620,  the  latter  obtained  from  his  mother  a  release  of  her  moiety,  and  by 
deed  dated  iith  November,  1622,  conveyed  the  whole  to  Henry  Hynde, 
whose  father,  William  Hynde,  had  previously  held  the  place  on  lease,  and 
who  was  also  bailiff  or  agent  to  the  Swinburnes  of  Edlingham  and  Nafferton. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  Henry  Hinde's  goods  impressed  during  the 
civil  war  : 

A  true  copy  of  goodes  taken  from  mee,  Henry  Hinde  of  the  Stelling,  1643/4.  At  their  leager  in 
Tine-water.  Imprimis,  Artillery  regiment  tooke  from  mee  7  stacks  of  rye,  12  boules  in  every  stack, 
^52  8s.  Seaven  stacks  of  otes,  12  boules  in  every  stack,  taken  by  the  army,  £2.^  4s.  One  stack  of 
bigge,  conteyning  10  boules,  ^5.      One  and  thirty  beastes,  taken  by  Caseell's  regiment,  £46  los.      60 

'  Surtees,  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  2S1,  and  Durham  Wills,  Raine,  vol.  i.  pp.  236,  409. 

-  The  free  farm  rent  of  33s.  4d.,  preserved  to  the  Crown  out  of  Stelling,  was  granted  14th  March, 
1627,  to  Queen  Henrietta  Maria  as  part  of  her  jointure.     Pat.  Rolls,  2  Chas.  I.  part  11. 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  3  Jas.  I.  pt.  10.  "  Original  deed  with  Mr.  Thos.  Archer-Hind. 


140  THE    PARISH     OF    BYVVKLI,    ST.    PETER. 

sheepe,  ^15.  Five  swine,  /|i  5s.  40  foother  of  hay,  ^20.  3  horses,  ^6.  3  iron  hurrowes,  los.  2  short 
waines,  ^2.  2  long  waines,  ^2.  9  yokes,  9s.  In  Hnning  and  woollen  clothes,  ^{^3.  20  boules  of  winnowed 
Dies,  £fo.  4  boules  of  winnowetl  rye,  £z  Ss.  3  bushells  of  malt,  ^i.  5  quarters  of  beefe,  ^i.  Paid 
for  releesing  of  some  beastes  by  the  Scotts,  iSs.  In  pewter,  brass,  bedding,  and  other  house  stuffe,  X^o- 
Axe,  wimbles,  and  other  iron  workc,  ^i.  A  bible,  a  testament,  and  other  bookes,  13s.  Summe,  ^215  5s.' 
(sic). 

The  Stelling  remained  in  the  possession  of  William  Hinde's  descendants 
until  1836.' 

Under  the  conjoint  effect  of  various  wills  and  settlements,  the  Stelling, 
in  1835,  was  held  as  to  five-sixths  by  Miss  Elizabeth  Archer,  and  as  to 
one-sixth  by  Mrs.  Margaret  Bowker  of  Morpeth,  who  was  the  devisee  of 
Miss  Margaret  Archer  of  Ferryhill.  Miss  Elizabeth  Archer  assumed  the 
additional  name  of  Hind,  and  by  will,  dated  October  13th,  1835,  gave  all  her 
real  estates  to  Mr.  John  Hodgson  of  Elswick-house,  with  the  injunction  to 
take  the  name  of  Hind.'  Mr.  John  Hodgson-Hinde,  with  other  settled 
moneys,*  in  1837  purchased  Mrs.  Bowker's  share,  and  at  his  death,  in  1869, 
was  succeeded  by  his  brother,  the  next  tenant  in  tail  under  the  settlement, 
Mr.  Thomas  Hodgson,  who  assumed  the  name  of  Archer-Hind,  and  in  the 
following  year,  together  with  his  eldest  son,  sold  the  Stelling  to  Mr.  John 
Joicey,  of  Newton-hall.  The  house  and  a  small  parcel  of  land  were  re-sold 
by  Mr.  Joicey's  daughter,  Lady  John  Joicey-Cecil,  in  1899  to  Mr.  J.  G. 
Sharp-Naters,  of  Jesmond  Cottage,  Newcastle. 

'  Hinde  MSS.  Arch.  Ad.  vol.  ii.  p.  132. 

^  'Ex  Mr.  Thos.  Archer-Hind's  papers  and  a  paper  by  Mr.  John  Hodgson-Hinde.  Arch.  Ad.  new 
series,  vol.  ii.  pp.  127,  135. 

'  This  is  not  the  place  to  give  a  biographical  sketch  of  Mr.  John  Hodgson-Hmd,  nor  a  pedigree  of 
his  family,  but  his  name  cannot  be  mentioned  without  an  allusion  to  his  literary  and  archaeological 
works.  His  most  important  production,  published  in  1S5S,  was  '  A  History  of  Northumberland,  containing 
the  General  History  of  the  County,  State  of  the  District  under  the  Romans,  the  Saxon  and  Danish 
kings  of  Northumberland,  the  Official  Earldom,  with  a  Narrative  of  Events  connected  with  the  County 
from  the  Norman  Conquest  to  the  Accession  of  the  House  of  Hanover.'  He  also  published  (anonymously) 
'  The  Fountains  of  British  History  E.xplored'  (1852),  and  edited  the  works  of  Symeon  of  Durham  for  the 
Surtees  Society  (1868),  etc.,  etc. 

■"  This  transaction  was  effected  by  a  private  Act  of  Parliament,  i  Victoria,  cap.  23,  '  An  Act  for 
carrymg  into  effect  a  contract  entered  into  with  Edward  Riddell,  esq.,  for  the  sale  to  him  of  a  certain 
farm  called  Broomy-hall  farm,  situated  in  the  township  of  Dalton,  in  the  parish  of  Newburn,  in  the 
county  of  Northumberland,  devised  in  strict  settlement  by  the  will  of  Elizabeth  Archer-Hind,  spinster, 
deceased  and  for  applying  the  money  thence  arising  in  the  purchase  of  other  hereditaments  in  lieu 
thereof,  to  be  settled  to  the  like  uses.'  (Royal  assent,  30th  June,  1S37.)  Mr.  Thos.  Archer-Hind's 
Papers. 


STELLING    TOWNSHIP. 


141 


HINDE    OF    STELLING    AND    OF    OVINGTON. 


ROLLAND  Hyne  heads  the  Stelling  musttr  roll  of  1539  (.;)• 


William  Hyne  was  also  present  at  the  muster  of  1539  ;  lessee  of  Bearl  in  1560  (a). 

William  Hinde,  lessee  of  Stelling  and  Bearl ;  will  dated   13th  Dec,  1617  ;  proved  17th  =  Jane    ,   mentioned 

Aug.  1618  (c)  ;  to  be  buried  at  Bywell  St.  Andrew  (c)  (a).  I  husband's  will. 


her 


Henry  Hinde,  son  and  heir,  purchased  the  Stelling  in  1622,  purchased  lands  in  Ovington,  loth 
Feb.,  1634,  and  5th  April,  1636  ;  was  lessee  of  Acomb  in  1623  ((^),  and  bailiff  of  Newton- 
hall  and  Bearl  under  Lady  Cavendish  ;  '  a  souldiour  under  the  earle  of  Newcastle  '  ;  living 
I2th  May,  1659  ;  dead  before  30th  December,  1660(a);  will  dated  20th  March,  1654/5  ('^)- 


Mabel,      married 
George  Simpson 

CO  (O- 

4^ 


WilliamHinde,= 

=  Ursula,  daughter 

Henry, 

eldest      son, 

of  Thomas 

second 

died    in   his 

Harle  of  Mil- 

son. 

father's  life- 

burn (.;). 

died 

time  (a). 

youug 

Oswald  Hinde  of  Stelling,  '  third  son  but 
heir  by  his  father's  will'  (a)  {d)  ;  was  rated 
for  the  Stelling,  at  ;^30,  and  for  lands 
at  Ovington,  at  £jr  for  1663  ;  ad- 
ministration of  his  personal  estates,  6th 
Nov.,  1686,  granted  to  his  widow  (c). 


Elizabeth,  daughter 
of   John   Addison, 
of  Ovingham  (a)  ; 
she  re-married 
Thomas  Brown 


I 
Jane, 
named 
in    her 
grand- 
father's 
will  (c). 


I 
William  Hinde  of  Stelling  was  party  to  the  division  of  Ovington 
town  fields  in  1706,  and  to  the  abortive  agreement  for  the 
division  of  Shildon  moor  in  1711  ;  purchased  the  moiety  of 
Ovington-hall  and  Forster's  Close  in  Bywell  (a)  ;  admitted  to  a 
copyhold  tenement  at  Wall,  I4lh  May,  1717  (a)  \  buried  15th 
Sept.,  1749  (^),  intestate  ;  administration  of  personal  estate  19th 
Sept.,  1749,  committed  to  his  son,  Oswald  Hind  (c). 


Anne,  wid- 
ow of  John 
Biddleston 
of  New- 
castle (a). 


Henry  Hi 
of  Stell 
baptised 
June,  I 
(0- 


nde 

ing. 
6th 
676 


John  bap- 
tised 7th 
December, 
1682  (0; 
living  6th 
November, 
1686. 


I 


Isabella, 
living  6th 
Novemb'r, 
1686. 


I  I 

Henry,  bur.        Oswald  Hinde  of  Stelling  ;  bap- 

Ist  July,  tised  29th  Sept.,  1706  («);  died 

1705   (e).  2gth  August,  1781  ;   aged  75 

(d);  willdated  24th  July,  1769  ; 

proved  1781   (c). 


Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Coulson  of  Broomey-hall,  par. 
of  Newburn  (a);  died  9th  Jan. 
1797  ;  aged  87  (r/)  (a). 


I 
Charles,  a  twin 
with  Oswald, 
(a)  ;  baptised 
29th  Sept., 
1706  («). 


William, 
buried 
1709 


I 
Isabel, 
married 
Charles 
Shafto 
(a). 


I 
Oswald  Hinde  of  Ov-  : 
ington,    eldest  son, 
disinherited,        his 
father  giving  him  an 
annuityonly(c)  (a). 


.  I 
William,  died 
unmarried, 
24th  Oct., 
1758; aged 
29  W  («)■ 


Oswald  Hind, '  son  of  the  late  Oswald  Hind, 
esq.  of  Stelling  Hall, 'died  at  West  Holborn, 
near  South  Shields,  13th  February,  1850, 
aged  72. 


George  Hinde  of  Stel- 
ling, which  was  given 
to  him  by  his  father's 
will  (a) ;  '  a  captain  in 
in  the  army '  (a)  ;  died 
unmarried  November, 
1803  ;  will  dated  14th 
Dec,  1800  ;  proved 
26th     January,     1804 


John  Hinde,  to  whom  his  father 
gave  his  lands  in  Ovington 
(a)  ;  built  Ovington  Lodge  ; 
died  unmarried  13th  Decem- 
ber, 1800  ;  aged  53  (rf)  ;  ad- 
ministration of  personal 
estate,  4th  December,  i8oi, 
committed  to  his  brother 
George  and   his   two   sisters 


.  I 

Elizabeth  Hinde 
of  Ovington 
Lodge,  born 
1733  (a);  died 
unmar.,  19th 
August,  1815, 
aged  82  (a)  ; 
willdated23rd 
Feb.,  i8o4(/5). 


Mary,  married  nth  Novem- 
ber, 1762  (a)  ;  died  at 
Easington  1 2th  February, 
1798,  aged  62  (a). 


William  Archer  of  Durham,  merchant, 
and  of  Easington,  co.  Durham  (c)  ; 
baptised  nth  July,  1732  ;  died  at 
Easington  gth  July,  1793,  aged  61  (a). 


Margaret  Hinde  of  Ovington  Lodge,  born  1749 
(a)  ;  died  12th  February,  1835,  aged  86  (d)  ; 
will  dated  26th  June,  1834  ;  proved  i8th 
March,    1S35    (i). 


I 
William  Archer  of  Stelling 
and  of  Ovington  Lodge, 
born  2ist  Oct., 1765(a) ; 
ensign  68th  Foot ;  nep- 
hew and  heir  of  Captain 
George  Hind  ;  died 
20th  "February,  1810  (a). 


Elizabeth  .\rcher,born  24th.\pril,  1765 
(a)  ;  assumed  the  additional  name 
of  Hind  of  Stelling  and  Ovington 
Lodge  ;  niece  and  devisee  of  her 
aunt  Margaret  Hinde  ;  died  7th 
March,  1836  ;  will  dated  13th  Oct., 
1835  ;  proved  nth  May,  1836  (/;). 


I 


Margaret  Archer  of  Ferryhill,  born  28th  July,  1763  (a)  ; 
died  unmarried  8th  May,  1829(a)  ;  buried  Merring- 
ton.  By  will  dated  15th  November  1S21,  proved 
1829,  she  gave  her  undivided  share  of  lands  at 
Stelling,  Ovington,  Bywell  to  Margaret  Archer, 
afterwards  wife  of  John  Harrison  Bowker,  lieutenant, 
R.N.  (/(). 


14- 


THK    PARISH    Ol'     HYWKLL    ST.    PETKR. 
A 


I 
Henry  Hinde  of  Bcarl,  in  1702 
conlested         his         cousin 
William's      succession      to 

Sidling;    bur 1711 

ie)  ;    will  dated    3rd   April, 
1711  ;  pr.  same  year  (c)- 


=  Mary bur. 

I7I5,(');  'iv- 
ing  at  the 
date  of  her 
husband's 
will    (c). 


I 
William  Ilinde  of  Bearl. 
dead       before       23rd 
Marcli,  1731/2  (a). 


Isabel,  widow  of  John  Marshall  of  Ovington, 
anddau.  of  John  Simpson  of  Ovington-hall, 
named  in  her  brother's  will  March, I73i(rt). 


^    I  I 

George.        Elizabeth, 


iving  1731  («).  Mary. 


William  Hind,  : 
of  Ovington,  son 
and  heir,  execu- 
turto  his  father's 
will  (it):  bur.  ... 
1 71 1  (O  ;  ad- 
ministration to 
his  personal  es- 
tate granted  to 
his  widow,  27th 
May,  1 713  (0- 


=Mary,  daughter 
of  John  Mar- 
shall of  Oving- 
ton ;  mar.  loth 
May  1705  (/); 
she  remarried, 
1715,  Thomas 
Forster  of  Wy- 
1am  (^),  and 
died  in  1753. 
aged  81. 


I.  Hannah, 
daughter 
of  John 
Marshall 
of  Oving- 
ton ;  bur. 
1 6th  .Mar. 

I7I3(/); 
first  wife. 


Oswald  Hind  of  = 
Horsley,  second 
son,  baptised  4th 
July,  1683  (,•)  ; 
liv.  3rd  April, 
1 71 1  (c)  ;  voted 
for  lands  at  Ov- 
ington, 1722. 
[Died  at  Oving- 
ton ;  bur.  1 6th 
Feb.,  1765  {/).] 


2.  Mary  = 

3.  Isabella 

Hunter, 

Carrick, 

married 

married 

2d.   May, 

25lh 

1722  (/); 

Nov., 

l"bur.30th 

173-M/); 

Feb., 

third  wife. 

1729 

(/)] ; 

second 

wife. 

I  I 

Isabel  (/')  (a). 
Anne  (//)  (a). 

I      I      I.   . 

John,  li\'ing  3rd  April, 
171 1  (c)  ;  of  Bearl, 
died  at  Ovington,  un- 
married ;  buried  22nd 
Dec,   1759  (/). 

Ralph,  living  3rd  April, 
1711    ((-)  f   bur.    1713 

Henry,  bur.  nth  March, 
1705/6(0. 


Henry  Hinde  of  Ovington,  baptised 
30th  October,  1707  (/)  ;  died 
31st  Jul}-  {g)  ;  buried  2nd  August, 
1793  (/),  aged  S5(^). 


Mary    

died       1st 
June,  1806  ; 
aged  60  (g). 


I      I      I 
John,  baptised  13th  October,  1709  (/). 
FJizabeth,   baptised    19th    March,   1705  6   (/)   [.'  niairicd 

1st  January,  1732/3,  Joseph  Clark  (/)]. 
Anne,  baptised   19th  February,   171 1  (/). 


William    Hinde    of   Ovington  and  of  Newcastle,  baptised  3rd  = 
March,  1767  (/).     Died  26th  February,  1820,  aged  53  {g). 


:  Mary,  dau.  of  John  James  of  Gateshead,  died 
19th  September,  1843,  aged  71  (,?). 


I 
Daughters. 


Henry  Hinde  of  Ovington  pur- 
chased Burnett's  portion  of 
Ovington-hall.  Died  unmarried 
8th  Nov.,  1863,  aged  62  {g). 


John  James  Hinde,  of 
Newcastle,  died  un- 
married, 26th  Feb. 
1847  (.?). 


Elizabeth  Mary,  married  George  William  Cram  of  Newcastle, 
solicitor,  and  died  4th  January,  1S68,  aged  68  {g);  whose 
eldest  daughter,  Elizabeth  Mary,  wife  of  Joseph  Smithard, 
clerk  in  holy  orders,  assumed  the  additional  name  of  Hinde. 


(a)  Pedigree  of  Hinde  of  Stelling  ^n&  Famih  Papers  in  the  possession 

of  Mr.  T.  H.  Archer-Hind. 
(/<)  Pedigree    of  Hinde    of    Ovington    in     the    possession     of    Mrs. 

Montgomery. 
(c)  Durham  Probate  Registry, 
(a)  M.  I.  Bywell  St.  Andrew. 


(e)  Bywell  St.  Andrew  Register. 

(y")   Ovinghatn  Register. 

(g)    .M.I.  Ovingham. 

\h)    Stelling  Abstract  of  Title   with    Mr 

Joicey's  Trustees. 
(/)  Bywell  St.  Peter's  Registers. 


ohn 


Evidences  to  Hinde  Pedigkef. 

December  13th,  1617.  Will  of  William  Hynd  of  Bearle.  To  be  buried  in  the  church  of  Bywell  .Andrew.  To 
my  son,  Henry  Hynd,  my  brown  horse  ;  to  Jane  Hynd,  my  son's  daughter,  £$  ;  to  Jane,  Margaret,  Mary,  and 
Beler,  daughters  of  George  Simpson,  every  of  them  two  ewes  ;  to  my  daughter,  M.^bel  Simpson,  two  ewes  ;  to  my 
wife  Jane,  and  my  son  Henry  Hynd,  my  tenement,  my  houses  and  all  my  goods  between  them,  they  executors.  John 
Browen  of  Newton-hall,  supervisor.    Proved,  17th  August,  1618.     Inventory, /"144  8s.  od.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 

20th  March,  1654/5.  Will  of  Henry  Hinde  of  Stelling  :  witnesses  Thomas  Briscol,  William  Winship,  Henry 
Winship,  and  Thomas  Bates.     Ex  Mr.  T.  H.  Archer-Hind's  Papers. 

February  3rd,  1701.  Petition  to  Sir  Nathan  Wright,  knight.  Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal,  from  Henry  Hinde  of 
Bearle,  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  yeoman.  Reciting  that  Henry  Hind  of  Stelling,  in  the  parish  of  Bywell 
St.  Peter,  yeoman,  being  seised  in  fee  of  Stelling-hall  and  of  the  yearly  value  of  /So,  worth  more  than/1,600  to  be 
sold,  and  of  lands  in  Ovington  township  worth  /40  per  annum.  He  had  two  sons,  viz.,  William  Hinde,  his  eldest  son 
and  heir  apparent,  and  Oswald.  William  married  with  his  father's  consent  but  died  during  the  lifetime  of  his  said 
father,  leaving  Henry  Hinde,  the  orator,  his  son  and  heir.  Henry  Hinde  (i.e.  the  grandfather)  died  about  30  years 
ago  during  the  orator's  infancy  without  having,  by  legal  disposition,  changed  the  course  of  inheritance.  The  orator 
alleges  that  he  is  defrauded  and  kept  out  of  his  rightful  inheritance  by  his  cousin,  William  Hinde  of  Stelling,  who  is 
son  and  heir  of  Oswald  Hinde,  who  was  son  of  Henry  Hinde  the  grandfather.  From  a  contemporary  copy  in  Mr.  T.  H. 
Archer-Hind's  Papers. 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP.  1 43 

April  3rd,  1711.  Will  of  Henry  Hinde  of  Bearle,  yeoman.  To  be  buried  at  my  parish  church  of  Bywell  St. 
Andrew.  To  my  second  son,  Uswan,  my  personal  estate  ;  to  my  son,  John  Hind,  one  horse,  one  cowe,  and  one 
quie  ;  to  my  son,  Ralph  Hinde,  one  mare,  one  cowe,  and  two  stotts ;  to  my  loving  wife,  one  cowe  and  the  half  cropp  ; 
to  my  eldest  son,  William  Hinde,  one  horse,  one  stott,  and  one  quarter  of  the  half  cropp  ;  likewise,  I  give  to  my 
sons,  John  and  Ralph,  the  other  half ;  to  Elizabeth  and  Sarah  Marshall,  30s.  a-piece.  My  eldest  son,  William  Hind, 
executor.     Proved,  1711.     Inventory,  £^2.     Durham  Prohale  Registry. 

July  24.th,  1769.  Will  of  Oswald  Hind  of  Stelling.  I  give  to  my  son-in-law,  William  Archer  of  Durham, 
merchant,  my  capital  messuage,  township,  village,  and  grange  of  Stelling  now  in  my  own  occupation  and  in  that  of 
William  Coulson,  my  tenant,  and  also  my  lands  in  Shildon-common,  in  trust  for  the  use  of  my  son,  George  Hind,  in 
tail  male,  remainder  to  my  son,  John  Hind,  remainder  to  my  three  daughters  ;  my  lands  in  Ovington  expectant  on 
the  death  of  Elizabeth  Hind,  my  wife,  in  trust  to  the  use  of  my  son  John  Hind,  remainder  to  my  son  George  Hrnd, 
remainder  to  my  three  daughters  ;  lo  my  son,  John  Hind,  ^27  per  annum  ;  to  my  son,  Oswald  Hind,  15s.  gd.  per 
month  to  be  paid  out  of  Stelling  and  a  similar  sum  to  be  paid  out  of  my  lands  in  Ovington.  My  daughters,  Elizabeth 
and  Margaret  Hind,  spinsters,  and  Mary,  wife  of  the  said  William  Archer.  Proved  at  Durham,  7th  September,  17S1. 
Messrs.  Joicey's  Newton-hall  and  Stelling  Papers. 

October  13th,  1835.  Will  of  Elizabeth  Archer  Hind  of  Ovington  Lodge.  To  Sarah  Hodgson  of  Bcnwell-house, 
widow,  an  annuity  of  .^300  per  annum,  and  subject  thereto  I  give  all  my  real  and  copyhold  estates  to  John  Hodgson  of 
Elswick  in  tail  male,  remainder  to  his  third  brother,  Thomas  Hodgson,  remainder  to  his  second  brother,  Richard 
Hodgson,  remainder  to  Beresford  Watson,  second  son  of  William  Watson  of  North  Seaton.  Proved  at  Durham,  i6th 
May,  1836.     Iliid. 

TOWNSHIP   OF   BROOMLEY. 

The  township  of  Broomley,  which  abuts  on  the  river  Tyne  and  stretches 
southward  for  a  distance  of  two  miles  and  a  half,  has  a  greatest  width  of 
about  three  miles  from  east  to  west,  and  comprises  an  area  of  3,594  acres, 
including  295  acres  in  seven  detached  pieces.'  It  is  watered  by  the 
Stocksfield  burn,  which  takes  its  rise  on  the  watershed  not  far  from 
Minsteracres,  and  by  the  Hindley  burn,  Bates  burn,  and  other  smaller 
watercourses.  The  township,  of  which  a  considerable  part  remained  open 
and  unenclosed  until  18 17,  contains  the  mansions,  homesteads  or  hamlets  of 
Broomley,-  Birches-nook,  Hindley,  Horse-close,  Kipperlin,  Leadhill,  Merry- 
shields,  Old  and  New  Ridley,  Painshaw-field,  Roe-house,  Wheelbirks,  &c. 
The  population  in  igoi  was  941.' 

The  township  is  crossed  from  north-west  to  south-east  by  Watling 
Street  on  its  way  from  Ebchester  to  Corbridge.  At  a  short  distance  to  the 
south  of  the  Lead-hill,  where  Watling  Street  is  crossed  at  right  angles  by  the 
Lead-road,  there  is  a  slight  turn  in  the  road,  and  at  this  turn  a  fort.  The 
fort,  which    has    been    about    thirty  yards   square,  is    placed    over  400  feet 

'  Certain  of  the  detached  portions  comprising  289  acres  were  added  in  1887  to  Healey  and  Mickley 
townships  respectively  by  order  of  the  Local  Government  Board. 

=  A  Baptist  Chapel  was  opened  at  Broomley,  9th  May,  1835,  Richardson,  Tixhk  Book. 

3  The  Census  Returns  are  :    1801,  260  ;   1811,  318  ;    1821,  354  ;    1831,  345  ;    1841,  314  ;    1851,  409  ; 
1861,478;    1871,473;    1881,389;    1891,676;  1901,  941,  including  Apperley  and  Stocksfield. 


144  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.T.    ST.    PETER. 

above  the  sea-level,  and  commands  a  wide  prospect.  Near  it  is  a  mound 
which  attracted  the  attention  of  Horsley/  who  found  it  to  consist  mostly  of 
stones  covered  with  <;reen  turf  ;   it  may  cover  an  interment. 

The  spelling  of  Broomley  has  varied  little  since  the  year  1240,  when 
under  the  form  of  Bromley  it  is  enumerated  in  the  list  of  members  of  the 
barony  of  Baliol;^  the  word  sometimes  assumes  the  form  of  Broomleigh. 

The  earliest  mention  of  Broomley  is  in  a  charter  made  soon  after  the 
year  1200,  preserved  in  the  Treasury  at  Durham,  in  which  Hugh  de  Baliol 
confirms  to  Gilbert,  son  of  Alden  of  Hindley,  the  lands  granted  to  him  by 
Hugh's  father  Eustace  de  Baliol.' 

Adam  the  forester,  of  Broomley,  was  one  of  the  defendants  in  a  suit 
brought  by  John  de  Thornbrough,  respecting  common  of  pasture  on  Shildon 
moor,  at  the  Northumberland  Assizes  of  1256.*  The  same  Adam  had  a 
grant  from  John  de  Baliol  of  a  toft,  of  late  held  by  Robert  scissor,  in 
Bromleye  and  thirty-six  acres  of  land  in  the  culture  called  Sunniside, 
rendering  9s.  and  making  the  service  due  from  three  bovates  in  the  barony 
of  Bywell.^  In  1268  there  were  in  Bromley  four  free  tenants,  viz.,  the 
above-named  Adam  the  forester,  Walter  de  Bromley,  William  de  Falderley, 
and  John  de  Hyndeley,  who  held  148  acres  in  all,  and  paid  25s.  2d.  per 
annum.  There  were  ten  bond  tenants,  one  of  whom  held  twenty-eight  acres 
and  paid  14s.  6d.,  and  the  other  nine  twenty-five  acres  apiece  and  paid  13s.  gd. 
each  ;  seven  cottage  tenants  who  together  held  thirty-three  acres  and  paid 
24s.  6d.;  the  brewery  produced  6s.,  and  the  total  value  of  the  vill  was 
fy  14s.  iid.^ 

'  'About  half  a  mile  north  from  Whittonstall  is  a  remarkable  turn  in  it  [the  military  way],  and  at 
this  turn  an  exploratory  fort  of  about  thirty  yards  square.'  Horsley,  Britannia  Romana,  p.  398;  cf. 
Sir  David  Smith's  collections,  at  Alnwick  castle,  and  MacLauchlan,  Survey  of  Walling  Strai. 

-  Testa  de  Nevill,  Record  Series,  p.  385. 

^  Misc.  Chart.  No.  345.  Sciant  praesentes  et  futuri  quod  ego  Hugo  de  Baill'  concessi  et  hac  praesenti 
carta  mea  confirmavi  Gilberto  filio  Alden'  de  Hyndeleya  pro  homagio  et  serv.  suo  donum  patris  mei 
Eustacii  de  Baill',  scil.,  duas  bovatas  terrae  in  villa  de  Bromleya  quas  Robertus  Neucumen  tenuit,  cum 
tofto  et  crofto  ad  praed.  ij  bovatas  terrae  pertinentibus.  Habendas  et  ten.  sibi  et  her.  suis  de  me  et  her. 
meis  in  feodo  et  hereditate,  libere  et  quiete  ab  omni  servicio  et  cons,  et  exactione  cum  omn.  libert.  et 
aisiamen.  in  villa  de  Bromleya  pertinentibus,  sicut  sua  carta  quam  habet  de  patre  meo  Eustacio  de  Baill' 
proloquitur  et  testatur.  Hiis  testibus.  Ingeramo  de  Baill',  Hugone  de  Normanuilla,  Bernardo  de  Areines, 
Thoma  de  Amundeuilla  tunc  senescaldo,  Henrico  de  Vi,  Widone  de  fontibus,  Amfrido  de  Bail!',  Radulfo 
de  Gunewertone,  Roberto  de  Hyndeleya,  Ada  marescaldo,  et  aliis.  Seal  Equestrian.  A  different  seal 
from  that  described  on  page  37,  and  of  poorer  work. 

*  Assize  Rolls,  Northumberland,  40  Hen.  III.  Page,  pp.  20,  52.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 

'  Diir.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  346.  The  witnesses  are  Domini  Gwydo  de  Areynes,  Petrus  de 
Gunwarton,  Petrus  Bataill,  Robertus  de  Heddon,  milites,  Elyas  de  Stokefeld,  Willelmus  de  Ryhill,  Elyas 
de  Fayrhill,  Ricardus  de  Heleye,  Willelmus  de  Bromleye,  Hugo  de  Acum, 

6  Iitq.  p.m.  Joh.  de  Baillol,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43. 


BROOMLEY   TOWNSHIP. 


145 


In  an  extent  of  the  lordship  of  Bywell  taken  three  years  afterwards  it  is 
stated  that  there  were  then  in  Bromley  nine  husbandmen,  each  of  whom 
held  twenty -five  acres  of  land  and  paid  13s.  lod.,  and  one  bond  tenant  who 
held  twenty-eight  acres  and  paid  14s.  yd.  a  year  for  all  services.  There  were 
six  cottars,  each  of  whom  had  a  cottage  ;  they  held  twelve  acres  of  land  in 
common  and  paid  18s.  6d.  a  year  ;  a  certain  potter  had  a  cottage  with  a 
courtyard,  ^  captens  limiim  terrae  ad  ollas  faciendas,'  and  paid  6s.  a 
year.  The  brewhouse  was  worth  7s.  a  year,  and  that  year  there  had  been 
received  of  six  selfodes'  i8d.,  'sometimes  more  sometimes  less.'  William 
de  Falderley  held  twenty-four  acres  by  charter  and  for  all  services  paid 
yearly  one  pound  of  pepper  worth  I2d.  Adam  the  forester  held  forty-two 
acres  and  paid  9s.  a  year.  John  of  Hyndley  held  forty-eight  acres  and 
paid  yearly  one  pound  of  pepper.  Walter  de  Bromley  held  forty-six 
acres  and  paid  yearly  lis.  6d.,  and  for  Lamepot  Strother  3s.  4d. ;  Robert 
Filber  paid  6s.  a  year.  The  sum  of  the  whole  farm  of  Bromley  was 
;^io  3s.  3d.- 

In  1279  William  Fairware  was  slain  in  the  vill  of  Bromleye  by  Thomas 
Moppe,  who  forthwith  fled,  whereupon  his  chattels,  which  were  valued 
at  3s.  gd.,  were  seized  by  the  sheriff.' 


Bromelev  Subsid\ 

Roll 

1296 

£ 

S. 

d. 

S. 

d. 

Suinma 

bonorum  Adae  filii  Hugonis 

I 

6 

0 

unde  regi 

2 

4i 

)» 

Johannis  filii  Adae 

I 

7 

9 

n 

2 

6| 

»» 

Adae  filii  Baldwyni 

I 

17 

6 

^, 

3 

5 

)i 

Willelmi  de  Reddeley       ... 

2 

I 

6 

'» 

7i 

» 

Thomae  de  Appiltreley     . . . 

0 

13 

6 

11 

2| 

^t 

Johannis  filii  Aydrop 

0 

iS 

6 

., 

Si 

J) 

Walteri  de  Akum 

0 

19 

6 

.J 

9i 

)» 

Andreae  filii  Roberti 

0 

17 

3 

1' 

6J 

J> 

Hugonis  filii  Adae 

0 

13 

6 

11 

2| 

)» 

Teffaniae  filiae  Roberti     ... 

0 

19 

74 

11 

9i 

3) 

Johannis  filii  Dianae 

I 

0 

7h 

11 

loi 

)» 

Willelmi  de  Bakworth      ... 

-> 

4 

3 

11 

4 

oh 

J) 

Johannis  filii  Christianae ... 

0 

15 

I3 

11 

aI 

)» 

Willelmi  Pastoris 

0 

i8 

0 

11 

H 

Summa 

totalis  hujus  villae,  ^16  12s. 

7id. 

Unde 

reg 

i,  30s 

.  3d.  (sic). 

'  For  instances  of  this  word  and  for  possible  explanations  of  its  meaning  see  Mr.  F.  W.  Dendy's 
paper  on  'The  Ancient  Farms  of  Northumberland.'     Arch.  Act.  vol.  xvi.  p.  145. 

^  Inq.p.m.  Hug.  de  Balliol,  55  Hen.  III.  No.  33. 

'  Assize  Rolls,  Northumberland,  7  Edw.  I.,  Page,  p.  344.     Surt.  .Soc.  No.  S8. 


Vol.  VI. 


19 


146  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWET.I,    ST.    PETER. 

By  a  deed,  dated  at  Bromley  on  the  lytli  July,  1320,  Johanna,  daughter 
of  William  de  Braithwayt,  and  widow  of  Robert,  son  of  John  de  Lascelles, 
gave  a  messuage  and  toft  and  four  bovates  of  land  in  Bromley  to  Robert  the 
tanner,  a  burgess  of  Newcastle.^ 

Four  years  afterwards  Adam  de  Meneville  obtained  a  grant  of  lands 

in  the  vills  of  Bromley  and  Temple  Heley  from  Galfrid,   son  of  William 

de  Pollowe." 

Bromley  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 

Adam  filius  Willelini,  4s.  ;  Robertus  de  Riddynge,  2s.  ;  Willelimis  carpentariiis,  3s.  ;  Thomas  de 
Bromley,  2s.  ;  Thomas  Kemp',  is.  5d.  ;  Summa,  12s.  5d. 

Nicholas  de  Skelton,  who  was  possessed  of  certain  rents,  services,  and 
tenements  in  the  vill  of  Brumley  in  1357,'  conveyed  them  to  Sir  Adam  de 
Hoton,  chaplain,  who  18  years  later  reconveyed  the  same  to  Robert  de 
Skelton."  The  latter  seems  forthwith  to  have  sold  the  property  to  John 
Lewen  of  Durham,  who  in  1378  gave  a  power  of  attorney  to  his  son, 
Walter  Lewen, ^  to  take  possession.'' 

'  Pateat  quod  ego  Johanna  fiha  Willehni  de  Brathtwayt,  uxor  quondam  Robert!  filii  Johannis  de 
Lasceles,  in  mea  viduitate  et  legia  potestate,  dedi  Roberto  le  tanner,  Ijurgensi  villae  Novi  Castri  super 
Tynam,  unum  mesuagium  cum  omnibus  toftis  meis,  et  quatuor  bovatas  terrae  cum  omnibus  suis 
pertinentiis  in  Bromlay  juxta  Bywell.  Habend.  etc.,  cum  omnibus  suis  pertinentiis  et  aisiamentis  prope 
et  procul,  &c.,  cum  pannagio  quieto  de  propriis  porcis  suis  per  totam  forestam  de  Bywell.  Hus 
testibus.  Dno  Johanne  de  Fenneuyk  tunc  \icecom.  Northumbriae.  Dnis  Ricardo  de  Horselei,  Roberto 
de  Fauden.  militibus,  Ada  de  MayneuiUe,  Johanne  de  Normanuille,  Simone  de  Weltedene,  Willelnio 
de  Riddelei,  .'Vda  Stirk  et  aliis.  Datum  apud  Bromlei,  17th  July,  1320.  ByK^l:ll  Papers,  Rev.  John 
Hodgson's  Collection,  '  W,'  389. 

-  Dur.  Trms.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  347. 

'  Sciant  quod  ego  Nicholausde  Skelton  dedi  Dno  Adae  de  Hoton  capellano  omnesredditus  .... 
terras  et  tenemen.  mea  in  villa  et  campis  de  Bromley  juxta  Biwell.  In  cujus,  &c.  Hiis  testibus,  Alano 
del  Strother  tunc  vicecom.  Northumbriae,  Willo  de  .^ieneuille,  Thonia  Forestar',  Johanne  filio  Laurentii, 
Cuthberto  filio  Laurencii,  Willo  Ayrigh  et  aliis.  Datum  apud  15romley  die  Martis  in  crastino  Sci  Gregorii, 
1357.  Seal  round  f  inch  diameter.  On  a  shield,  /ess  cnj^riiikd  between  three  mullets  »J<  SIGILLVM 
NICHOLAI  DE  SKELTOVN.     Byzvcll  Papers,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  W,'  391. 

'  Pateat  .  .  .  quod  ego  Adam  de  Hoton  capellanus  remisi  Roberto  de  Skelton  omne  jus  quod 
habui  de  dono  et  fcofifamenti  Nicholai  de  Skelton  in  Bromley.  Hiis  testibus.  Radulpho  de  Deuson, 
Waltero  Hauwick,  Johanne  de  Willy,  Radulpho  de  Malteby  et  aliis.  Datum  apud  Hawthorn  m  crastmo 
Convercionis  Sci  Pauli.    A.D.  m.ccc.lxxv.     Byzeell  Papers,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  W,'  391. 

''  1 397- '398-  Walter  Lewyn  had  Bishop  Skirlaw's  pardon  for  accidentally  killing  John,  son  of 
Margery  Moke  of  Framwellgate,  Durham,  aged  6  years.  The  said  Walter  was  shooting  at  the  butts 
near  Framwellgate,  and  the  said  John,  and  John  son  of  the  said  Walter,  were  sitting  in  a  ditch  close  by, 
when  a  bolt  shot  by  the  said  Walter  just  touched  the  butt,  glanced  over  it  and  struck  the  said  John  so 
that  he  died.     T,yd  Report  of  Deputy  Keeper  of  Public  Records,  appendix,  p.  70. 

^  Pateat  .  .  .  quod  ego  Johannes  Lewyne  de  Dunelm.  constitui  et  in  loco  meo  posui  Walterum 
Lewyne  filium  meum  et  heredem  attornatum  meum  ad  recipicndam  seisinam  in  omnibus  terris, 
tenementis,  &c.,  in  villa  el  in  canipo  de  Broomlay  quae  fuerunt  juris  Roberti  de  Skelton,  secundum  vim  et 
formam  cartae  unde  confcctae,  &c.  Hiis  testibus.  Willo  de  Schorowton,  Thoma  de  Petyngton,  Roberto 
Warkar  et  aliis.  Datum  apud  Dunelm.  die  Sabbati  prox.  ante  festum  decoUacionis  Sci  Johannis 
Baptistae,  A.D.  m.ccc.lxxviii.     Byirel!  Papers,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  W,'  389. 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP.  1 47 

In  1 4 14  the  free  tenants  in  Broomley  were  John  de  Erington,  who  held 
a  messuage,  a  cottage,  and  30  acres  of  land,  paying  6d.  per  annum,  and 
Walter  Lewyng,  who  held  two  tenements  and  48  acres  of  land. 

Tenants  in  Bromle,  1414.' 


Rent. 

Rent. 

Tcii.int. 

Messuages. 

Acres  of  Land. 

s. 

d. 

Tenant. 

Cottage.     Acres  of  Land. 

s.   d. 

Waltenis  Dayll       . 

-> 

.        48         ... 

13 

4 

Johannes  Dodde     . 

..       I       ...         6       ... 

I     3 

Edwardus  Wright . 

3 

.         72         ... 

19 

4 

Johannes  Pykering. 

..       1       ...         6       ... 

I     3. 

Johannes  Walker   . 

I 

.         24         ... 

7 

0 

Johannes  Watson  . 

..       I       ...         6       ... 

I     3 

Johannes  Pykering. 

I 

.         24         ... 

8 

0 

Ricardus  Wright    . 

I        ...siveterra... 

I     0 

Willehmis  Walker. 

2 

.         48         ... 

•5 

0 

Tenentes  villae  de 

Hronile  tenent  ISronile- 

Robertus  .Smylh     . 

I 

24 

7 

0 

hope,  etc., 

.. 

2     0 

When  the  inquisition  on  the  death  of  Ralph  Nevill,  earl  of  Westmorland, 
was  taken  at  Corbridge  on  ]6th  April,  1426,  the  vill  of  Brumle  was  in  a 
miserable  condition.  There  were  two  cottages  worth  I2d.  a  year  each  and 
100  acres  of  arable  land  worth  id.  an  acre,  but  the  8  messuages  were  worth 
nothing  beyond  reprises,  200  acres  of  moor  were  worth  nothing  nor  were  100 
acres  of  woodland,  because  there  was  no  underwood."  About  the  same 
period  John  Errington  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  held  two  messuages,  40  acres 
of  arable  land  and  8  acres  of  meadow  in  Bromleye,^  and  Sir  John  Widdring- 
ton,  who  died  about  1443,  was  seised  of  half  a  messuage,  40  acres  of  arable 
land  and  8  acres  of  meadow  in  Bromley,  besides  lands  at  Little  Whittington 
and  Aydon  in  the  adjacent  parish  of  Corbridge.^ 

In  1524  Robert  Lewyn  held  certain  lands  in  Bromlegh  as  a  free  tenant. 

Tenants  in  Bromelegh,  1524.''  Rent. 

s.     d. 

John  Fyrbek,  senior          i  tenement 12  o 

Thomas  Firbek,  late  Robert  Firbek,  his  father           i         „         and  |  cottage             ...  8  7 

John  Fyrbek,  junior          i          „           „    i       .1       8  7 

Nicholas  Colstayne,  late  Robert  Colstayne      ...         ...         ...  i         ,,           „    3  husbandlands  ...  23  9 

Cuthbert  Wilkynson          ...          ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  1          „         ...          ...         ...         ...  8  o 

Robert  Sharpeharowe,  late  William  Sharpeharowc,  his  father  i          „         ...         ...         ...          ...  15  4 

Thomas  Baytes,  late  John  Wardle         ...         ...         ...         ...  i          „         ...         ...         ...         ...  8  o 

Cuthbert  Ratclyff,  esq.,  free  rent  issuing  out  of  his  land,  late  John  Cartington         o  9 

Total         ...  .£450 

Brumle  Muster  Roll,  1538.' 

Edwerd   Robynson,  Cuthbart  Wylkynson,  Thomas   Bate,  Robert   Sharpero,  John  Hewart,  Thomas 
Newton,  Matho  .Stobart,  Robert  Farbyk.  Richard  Egglyson  ;  able  with  hors  and  harness. 

'  P.R.O.  Ri'iitiils  ami  Surveys  portfolio  l'{. 

-  Inq.  p.m.  Ralf  Nevill,  earl  of  Westmorland.     4  Hen.  VI.  No.  37. 

^  Hodgson,  Nortliunibcrland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  272. 

*  Inq.  p.m.  Joh.  Wideryngton.    22  Hen.  VI.  No.  53.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  274. 

'P.R.O.  Rentals  and  Surveys  portfolio  Jj!.  "  Arch.  Ael.  4to  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  17S. 


148 


THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 


LEWEN    OF    DURHAM,    NEWCASTLE,    AND    BROOMLRY. 

Arms  :  Argent,  a  beml  /ireUsse  gules,  over  all  a  pvlcul/is  in  (hief  azure.     Bril.  Mus. 
Add.  MS.  13,477,  fol-  '3-      Carr  MS.  in  Toiige's  Visitation,  p.  65. 

John  LeWIN  of  Durham  purchased  lands  in  Broomley  circa  137S  y 


Walter  Lewen,  to  whom  his  father  gave  a  power  of  attorney  in  1378,  to  take  possession  ■■ 
of  his  lands  in  Broomley  (k"). 


Walter  Lewen  of  the  bishopric  of  Durham  =  Alice,  daughter  of  Nicholas  John,  living 

(a)  (i).  I         Sabraon  (a)  {b).  1397. 


Richard  Lewen,  son  and  heir  (a)  ((5).  =  daughter  of  William  Claxton  («)  ((5)  John  (a)  (/<).         Daughters  (a)  (Jj). 


I 


Robert  Lewen    (a)  (d),    son   and   heir,  =   Maud,   daughter    of     Thomas  (a)  (/y), 


named  in  his  father-in-law's  will,  21st 
April,  1502  (i)  ;  owner  of  lands  in 
Broomley  in  1525. 


William  Astley,  of 
Aislaby,  co.  York. 

W  0). 


I 

John  Lewen  (a)  (li). 
?  [Elizabeth,  daughter  of  John  Lewen 
of  Newcastle,  married  John  Hagthorpe 
of  Nettleworth,  co.  Durham  C-^).] 


William  Lewen,  son  and  heir  (a)  {/>).  =  Alice,  daughter  of  Lancelot  Heslerigg  of  Swarland  (a)  (/;).       Lancelot,  died  s.p.  («)  (li). 


Margaret,  daughter  of 
Gilbert  Middleton 
of  Newcastle,  mer- 
chant  adventurer, 
and  of  Silksworth 
(a)  (^)  ic)  (A). 


Robert  Lewen  of  Newcastle  (a),  was  apprenticed 
1519  to  Gilbert  Middleton,  and  was  admitted 
(reeofthe  Merchants'Company  I524-I525(/)  ; 
sheriff,  1541;  mayor,  1544  and  1552;  M.P. 
■553i  155^  ^"<1  '559  (0  ;  owned  lands  at 
Hetton  by  descent  {g)  ;  died  1563,  buried,  St. 
Nicholas  («)  ;  will  dated  26th  Nov.,  1563, 
proved  1563  (/). 


Jane,  daughter  of  Chris- 
topher Brigham  of 
Newcastle  (a)  (Ji),  as 
a  widow  resided  at 
Yorke's  Place,  par.  of 
All  Saints  ;  bur.  St. 
Nicholas  ;  will  dated 
13th  June,  1569(0. 


Lancelot    Lew- 
en («)  (O. 
Thomas,     died 

s.p.  («)  (/')■ 


George 
Lewen, son 
and     heir 

(«)  (0, 
to  whom 
his  father 
gave  the 
manor  of 
Silksworth 


Gilbert  Lewen, 
(a)  {/i), clerk  in 
orders,  master 
of  the  hospital 
of  St.  Mary 
Magdalen  in 
1 540  (0  ;  liv. 
26th  Nov., 
1562  (0. 


Christopher  Lewen  ' 
(a)  (/()  of  Newcastle 
and  of  Hetton,  1573 
(g) ;  sheriff  1576(c), 
'  the  most  efficient 
and  wise  man  of 
that  town  '  (a")  ; 
sold  his  lands  in 
Broomley  in  1585. 


■Anne,  liv.  Edward  Lewen  (a)  (/<)  of  Newcastle 
1569  (Ji),  and  of  Hetton-le-Hole,  which  he 
had  an  sold  14th  .Xpril,  1607  (^);  sheriff, 
interest  1577  (c)  ;  mayor  1587  ;  governor 

in  Hetton  of  the  Merchants'  Company  in  the 
and  was  same  year;  M.P.  1586  and  1592 
living  in  (d);  'zealous  in  religion,'  and 
1611  (f).        principal  seeker  of  the  reformation 

of    the    town'    (d)  ;    died    1619 ; 

buried,  St.  Nicholas  («).  ^ 


"111 
Robert  Lewen  (a) 
(/O  of  Newcastle, 
living  26th  Nov., 
1562,    and     9th 
March,  1592  (a'). 
William  (a)  (/')■ 
Michael    (a)    (-5), 
died   s.f-.  before 
26th  November, 
1562  (c). 


Thomas  Lewen,  party  to  the  sale  of  Hetton 

in  1607  (i-). 


Christopher  Lewen  of  Newcastle,  apprenticed  1593 
to  Robert  Atkinson  of  Newcastle,  mercer  (/). 


(a)  Brit.  Mus.  Add.  .MS.  12,477,  folio  13. 
(li)  Heralds'  Visitation  of  Northumberland, 
(c)  Welford,  Neii'castle  and  Gateshead,  vol 

376,  426,  475,  487. 
{d)  Ibid.  vol.  iii.  p.  71,  113. 
le)  Welford,  St.  Nicholas  Church,  pp.  14,  16. 
(/)  Newcastle  Merchant  Adventurers,  Dendy,  vol 


(,^)  Surtees'  Durham,  vol.  i.  pt.  ii.  p.  214. 
1615.  (/O  Heralds'  Visitation  of  Durham,  1575. 

ii.  pp.  203,  236,        (:)  Cf.   Will    of   William    Astley   of  Aslabie,    dated    21st 
April,  1502.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  22,pp.xxxvii.and  xxxviii. 

(Ji)  Abstract  of  Title,  Rev.  John  Hodgson,  Collection  '  W,' 

P-  387- 
(/)  Durham  Wills  and  Inventories,  vol.  1.  pp.  210,  303. 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP.  I49 

Evidences  to  Lewen  Pedigree. 

'The  pedigre  and  descente  of  Roberte  Lewen,  merchante,  of  Newcastell. 

Watre  Lewen,  of  the  bushoperycke  of  Durham,  raaryed  Alys,  the  dowghter  [of]  Nycholas  Sabram,  and  had 
issue  Richard  and  John,  and  certayne  dowghters. 

Richard  maryed the  dowghter  to  William  Claxston,  and  he  had  issue  Roberte,  and  Thomas, 

and  John. 

Roberte  maryed  Maude,  dowghter  to  Asheley  [Astley]  of  Aslebye,  in  the  bushoprycke  of  Durham,  and  had 
issue  William,  and  Lancelote  sanz  issue. 

William,  the  son  of  Roberte,  maryed  Alys,  dowghter  to  Lancelote  Hasellryge  of  Northumberlande,  and  had  issue 
Roberte,  now  lyvynge  merchante  of  Newcastell,  Lancelote,  and  Thomas.     The  sayd  Thomas  sanz  issue. 

Roberte,  now  of  Newcastell,  maryed  Jane,  dowghter  to  Christofer  Brygam  of  Newcastell,  and  had  issue  Christofer 
Edward  and  Roberte,  Wiilliam,  Myghell,  sanz  issue. 

The  said  Roberte  maryed  to  his  first  wyf  Margerett,  dowghter  to  Gylberte  Mydelton  of  Cylsewourthe,  in  the 
bushoprycke  of  Durham,  and  had  issue  by  her  George  and  Gylberte.'     Brit.  Mus.  Add.  MS.  12,477,  fol.  13. 

There  are  numerous  entries  respecting  this  family  in  Newcaslk  Merchant  Adventurers.,  vol.  ii.,  and  in 
Brand,  Newcastle. 

November  26th,  1563.  Will  of  Robert  Lewin  of  Newcastle.  I  gyve  to  my  wyffe  a  standing  coupe  with  a 
cover  gylt,  a  dosin  spones,  a  payre  of  gylt  salts  and  the  teand  corne  of  Ravingswourth  duringe  ray  years.  I  gyve  to 
my  son,  George  Lewin,  yff  he  be  livinge,  a  goune  furred  with  black  cony,  a  cassock  of  dammack,  a  whit  bonnet. 
I  gyve  to  Christofor  Lewen,  my  son,  what  gowne  he  lyketh  best,  a  jaccot  of  vylvit,  a  dublit  of  sattaine,  my  sworde 
and  dagar.  I  give  to  Edward  Lewen,  my  son,  another  gowne,  a  jackat  or  cassact  of  worstet,  and  my  best  gonne, 
my  shouthinge  bowes  and  shafts.  I  give  to  Robert  Lewen,  my  son,  the  resedu  of  my  apparell,  at  my  wyfe's 
dyscression.  I  gyve  my  reinge  with  ye  seall  of  my  armes  to  George  Lewen,  and  yf  he  be  departed,  then  I  gyve  the 
same  ring  to  my  son,  Christofor  Lewen  ....  I  give  to  my  cosin,  Mr.  John  [  .  .  .  .  ]  of  Chister-in-the-Stret,  my 
dage  with  ye  case,  and  all  things  thereto  belonging  ;  and  to  my  cosine,  his  wife,  my  gray  stayge  ....  I  gyve  to 
my  cosyn,  Christofor  Mytfourt,  my  best  paire  marturs.     Proved  1563.     Durham  Wills  and  Inventories,  vol.  i.  p.  211. 

June  13th,  1569.  Will  of  Jeanne  Lewen  of  Newcastle,  widow.  To  be  buryed  in  ye  parishe  churche  off  Sanct 
Nycholas,  with  my  mortuarye  deu  and  by  lawe  accustomed.  I  gyve  to  my  sone,  Christofor  Luen,  two  salts  of  sylver, 
with  a  cover  gylt,  and  a  ringe  of  gold  vvrithen  ;  to  Anne  Lewen,  wyff  to  ye  said  Christofor  Lewen,  my  best  goune  and 
my  best  kirtle  of  saltan  ;  to  my  son,  Robert  Lewen,  on  standinge  cupe  of  sylver  with  a  cover  gylt,  and,  in  money, 
ye  some  of  £10  ;  to  my  sone,  Edward  Lewen,  a  dosine  sylver  spones,  havinge  my  husband's  armes  of  them.  I  gyve 
to  Margrat  Barnes,  wedoo,  ^3  6s.  8d.,  one  cassick,  a  gowne  of  brode  clothe  frynged  with  blake  sylke,  my  best  cloke  and 
my  lynnyn  clothes  ;  and  to  Alles  Barnes  a  gowne  of  worsted  and  a  napron  of  worsted.  I  gyve  to  Elizabethe 
Brigham,  my  brother's  doughter,  one  cassick  of  growgram,  and  to  hir  sister,  Anne  Stell,  my  blake  taffattye  kirtle  ; 
to  my  cosinge,  Jeanne  Jonson,  on  ringe  with  a  diamonnd  stone  in  yt,  the  which  ringe  was  her  mother's  ;  to 
my  cosine,  Mr.  Christofor  Mytfourd,  one  diamonnde  stone,  sett  in  a  lytle  peace  of  gold  ;  to  my  cosine,  Mr.  William 
Sherwood,  one  like  diamond,  sett  in  gold.  I  gyve  to  my  sone,  Christofor  Lewen,  my  house  wherein  I  do  nowe  dwell 
in,  and  of  old  tyme  called  Yorkes-place,  remainder  to  my  son  Edward,  remainder  to  my  son  Robert ;  to  my  good 
Mrs.  Pilkinton,  my  lord  of  Durham's  wyffe,  one  ringe  of  gold  with  a  rube  stone  in  yt,  for  a  token  ;  to  Mr.  Vicar, 
Mr.  Mackbraye,  for  my  forgotten  teathes,  40s. ;  to  my  cosinge,  Mr.  John  Hagthrop  of  Nyttelsworthe,  one  old  ryall  ; 
to  ye  four  curats  of  this  towne,  every  of  them,  los.  I  gyve  to  four  poore  skoUers  of  Cambridge,  being  born  in  this 
towne,  everye  one  of  them  los.  towards  yr  helps.  My  son  Edward  e.xecutor.  Durham  Wills  and  Inventories, 
vol.  i.  p.  305. 

Robert  Lewyn,  who  in  1525  held  lands  in  Bromlegh  by  the  payment  of 
a  pound  of  pepper  as  a  free  rent  to  the  manor  of  Bywell/  was  probably  the 
great-great-grandson  of  John  Lewen  of  Durham  who  held  lands  in  Bromley 
in  the  year  1378.  In  a  lease  which  Robert  Lewen  granted  to  Janet  Newton 
on  November  28th,  1543,  he  is  described  as  of  Newcastle,  as  he  also  is  in  the 
deed  dated  February  12th,  1555/6,  by  which,  for  the  sum  of_£'i6  13s.  4d.,  he 
released  to  Cuthbert  Newton  of  Broomley  a  messuage,  cottage  and  croft  in 

■  Arch.  Acl.  new  series,  vol.  i.  p.  133. 


150  THK    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER 

Broomley,  with  all  lands  belonging  thereto.  Nineteen  years  afterwards, 
on  January  ::nd,  15S4/5,  Christopher  Levven  of  Hetton,  son  and  heir  of 
Robert  Levven  of  Newcastle,  deceased,  for  the  sum  of  ^20,  conveyed 
other  lands  in  Broomley  to  the  same  Cuthbert  Newton.^ 

In  the  survey  of  the  attainted  earl  of  Westmorland's  estates  made  in 
1570,  it  was  stated  that  there  were  in  Bromley  two  free  tenants  who  held  by 
charter  in  free  socage,  viz.,  Cuthbert  Newton,  who  held  a  tenement,  a  croft, 
and  14  acres  of  arable  land,  meadow,  and  pasture,  for  which  he  paid  2s.  4d. 
yearly  and  the  price  of  one  pound  of  pepper ;  and  Edward  Lawson,  who  held 
a  cottage,  a  croft,  and  1 1  acres  of  arable  land  in  the  common  fields  of  Bromley, 
for  which  he  paid  gd.  yearly  and  one  pound  of  pepper.-  There  purported  to 
be  thirteen  tenements  held  under  leases,  granted  by  the  earl  previous  to  his 
attainder,  and  three  cottage  tenants. 

Bromley,    1570.  Yearly  rem. 

Tenant.  Holding  Tenure.  C     s.     d. 

William  Bates         I  tenement,  €tc.     ...     21  years,  lease  dated  15th  Sept.,  1566  ...  092 

John  Forbeck          J  „  ...  „  ^„  i5tli  Jmie,  1566  ...  015     8 

Andrew  Taylour     i  „  ...  „  *   „  3rd  Aug.,  1566  ...  094 

Blaise  Bates            i  „  ...  „  „  14th  July,  1566  ...  o  16     7 

William  Sharprowe            ...  i  „  ...  „  „  15th  Sept.,  1566  ...  015     4 

Mathew  Stobart      ...         ...  i  „  ...  „  „  15th  Sept.,  1566  ...  012     o 

William  Hudspeth 1  „  ...  ,  „  15th  Sept.,  1566  ...  o     911 

Christopher  Firebryg,  assig- 
nee of  Hugh  Lytle          ...  1  „  ...  „  „  20th  Feb.,  1565/6 

Alexander  Angus {'      .he'BotehS}  "  "         24th  Sept.,  1566 

William  Tomson     i  tenement  ...  „  „         15th  Sept.,  1566     ...     01; 

Cuthbert  Usher       i  „  ...  „  „         31st  July,  1566       ...     016 

John  Usher,  jun.     ...         ...     i  „  -.• 

JohnHynde { 'nigWey  Woodhouse} '°  y^-'''-^ '^^^^     "       '5th  Sept.,  .566     ...     o  n 

The  tenants  and  inhabitants  of  Ferle,  common  of  pasture  in  Bromley  common  by  ancient 

custom  090 

The  tenants  and  inhabitants  of  Fawderlye,  common  of  pasture  in  Bromley  common  by  ancient 

custom  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         .••         •■•         ...         •••         ...050 

The  tenants  and  inhabitants  of  Hely,  common  of  pasture  in  Bromley  common  by  ancient  custom      020 

£'■)     7     o 
There  were  also  3  cottage  tenants,  whose  rents  amounted  to  5s.  a  year. 

With  this  list  may  be  compared  the  following  statement  compiled  from 
details  entered  in  the  Patent  Rolls  of  the  i8th  and  37th  years  of  Elizabeth, 
when  Crown  leases  for  periods  of  twenty-one  years  were  granted  to  Sir 
Francis  Russel,  knight,  and  to  John  Ward,  gentleman,  respectively  : 

'  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection  ;  Byu'ell  Guard  Book,  and  '  W,'  p.  387.     '  Hall  and  Humberston's  Survey. 


o  12 
o  13 
o  1; 

O    I( 

o  16     8 
o 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP. 


151 


Tenants  in  Bromley  in  1576  and  1595.' 


Tenant  in  1576. 
William  Bates - 
John  Forebeck 
Andrew  Taylor 
151aise  Bates 
William  Sliarperowe 

Mathew  Stobarte 

William  Hudspeth  ... 
Christopher  Fierbrigge,  as- 
signee of  Hugh  Lyttle... 
Alexander  Angus 

William  Thomson  ... 
Cuthbert  Usher 


John  Usher  ... 
John  llynde 


Geoffrey  Lawson 

Nicholas  Lawson    ... 

John  Ferbricke 

A  common  in  the 
\  common  in  the 
A  common  in  the 


Tenant  in  1595. 

Anthony  Ratcliffe,  gent 

William  Taylor   ... 
George  Bates 
Robert  Sharperowe 
Edmund  .Stobert... 


John  Usher 

Matthew     Carre 
Georue  Usher  .. 


a  tenement,  etc. 


a    tenement     called     the 

Botehouse,  etc. 
a  tenement,  etc. 
a  tenement  called   Faire- 

male,  etc. 


and 


Thomas  Lawson  ... 

Edward  Lawson... 

Jane  Brantingham,  widow 


Rent. 

:res. 

s.     d. 

12       .. 

.         9      2 

20      .. 

.     .5     8 

12       .. 

•       9     4 

14       .. 

.     16     7 

14       .. 

•     15     4 

12       .. 

.     12     0 

10       .. 

.       9   II 

a  tenement,  etc. 
a  tenement  called  Highley 
Woodhouse,  closes  con- 
taining,  by  estimation, 

12  ac.  

a  cottage  and  croft 
a  cottage  and  garden 
a  cottage  and  garden 
tenure  of  the  tenants  of  the  vill  of  Ferle  by  ancient  custom 
tenure  of  the  tenants  and  inhabitants  of  Fawderley  by  ancient 
tenure  of  all  the  tenants  of  the  vill  of  Hely  by  ancient  custom 


4  •••  13  2 

5  ■•■  13  4 

7  ...  16  8 

6  ...  16  8 


—     ... 

1 1 

0 

—    ... 

2 

S 

—    ... 

I 

0 

-    ... 

I 

4 

9 

0 

custom 

5 

0 

2 

0 

The  two  freehold  tenements,  in  1608,  were  held  by  Cuthbert  Newton 
and  the  heirs  of  Edward  Lawson.^  If  the  following  list  of  leasehold 
tenants  is  compared  with  the  similar  list  made  thirty-eight  years  before, 
it  will  be  seen  that  the  latter  should  be  read  as  if  the  vill  comprised, 
not  the  thirteen  full  holdings  therein  described  but  eleven  full  and  two 
half  tenements.^ 


'  Pat.  Rolls,  18  Eliz.  pt.  5  and  37  Eliz.  pt.  5. 

-  15S6/7,  20th  January.  Will  of  William  Baits,  of  the  towne  of  Broomeley,  in  the  parish  of  Bywel 
Peter.  To  be  buried  at  Bywel  Peter.  Thomas  Usher  and  Barberie  Baites,  my  wife,  executors.  To 
my  said  wife,  my  tytell  of  a  tenement  or  farmehokl  in  Bromeley  and  my  goods.  In  case  anything 
doth  come  to  Barberie  Baits  but  good,  then  George  Baits,  my  brother,  to  have  the  said  tenement  in 
Bromeley.  Witnesses,  Blaise  Baites,  George  Baites,  Thos.  Usher,  Geo.  Lawson.  Raine,  Test.  Dunelm. 
(unindexed  vol.  p.  51). 

^  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey. 

*  It  is  probable  that  the  half  tenements  in  the  1608  list  are  the  two  tenements  of  Cuthbert 
Usher  and  John  Usher,  jun.,  of  1570,  held  as  to  one  moiety  by  John  Usher  and  as  to  the  other  moiety 
by  George  Usher  and  Thomas  Carr. 


152 


THE    PARISH    OF    RYWET.T.    ST.    PETER. 


Tenant. 
Thomas  Augoucl 
John  Farcbeck 
William  Taylcr 
George  Bates 
Robert  Sharperooc  ... 
Edmund  Stobbert    ... 
William  Hudspeth   ... 
Christopher  Farebeck 
Alexander  .A.ngus 
Cuthbert  Richardson  , 
Henry  Fairebarne      ■ 
Henry  Robson  / 

John  Usher 
George  Usher  1 

Thomas  Carre  > 


Tenants  Holding  ry  Lease  in  P.romlev,  1608.' 

r>y  loiters  patent  dated  July  iSth,  1595 


Tenement.        Former  tenant 
William  Bates 


Michael  Walton 


.'\ndre\v  Taylcr 
lilaize  Bates 
William  Sharperoore 
Mathew  .Stobbert  ... 
William  Bates 
(called  Rawhole)    ... 
(called  the  'botehouse'^ 

(called  Wheelebirkes) 
William  Thompson 

(called  Fearlemay) 
Cuthbert  Usher 


Value 

Rent. 

beyond  Rent 

s.     <1. 

s.      d. 

9     4 

...      30      0 

15     8 

...      40      0 

9     4 

...      30      0 

16     7 

-     53     4 

15     4 

-     53     4 

12     0 

-     33     4 

9   " 

...     30    0 

12     2 

•••     33    4 

13     2 

-     35    0 

\ 


\   (called  Heelywood  house)  „  „  ,< 

/      John  Ourde 

The  tenants  of  Fearle  hold  certain  common  of  pasture  on  the  common  of  Broineley 
„  Fetherley  „  „  „  >,  » 

„  Heely  „  i,  „  n  n 


16 

16 


35  o 

40  o 

40  o 

•50  o 


.Some  of  farm  rents  of  Bromley         ^9     7     i 
There  were  also  three  cottage  tenants  whose  yearly  rents  amounted  to  5s. 

By  letters  patent,  dated  November  19th,  1610,  March  14th,  1610/1,  and 
February  28th,  161 1/2,  certain  tenements  in  Broomley  were  granted  to  John 
Eldred  and  William  Whitmore  of  London  to  hold  for  a  period  of  60  years.^ 
By  letters  patent,  dated  2nd  June,  1625,  lands  in  Bromley  of  the  yearly 
rent  of  ^^9  12s.  5d.,  beyond  i6d.  for  decay  of  rent  of  a  cottage  in  Bromley, 
were  granted  to  Edward  Allen,  George  Whitmore,  and  other  citizens  of 
London.'  Four  years  later,  the  rents  of  the  free  tenants  in  Bromley,  the 
tenement  called  Botehouse,  and  certain  other  lands,  of  the  value  of  ;^8  lis. 
per  annum,  the  tenement  called  Eastwoodhouse,  of  I2d.  yearly  rent,  and 
three  cottages  of  the  yearly  rent  of  5s.,  all  in  Bromley,  were  granted  to 
William  White,  William  Stevenson,  and  John  Perkins,  of  London,  to  hold 
of  the  king  as  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich."  In  1663  Mr.  George 
Algood  of  He.xham,'  William  Newton  of  Broomley,  W.  Sharper,  John 
Baites,  and  Farbridge's  land  were  each  rated  at  £8,  while  Edmond  Stobart 
was  rated  at  £6  and  W.  Taylor  at  £4  for  their  freeholds  in  Broomley." 

'  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey.     "  Pat.  Rolls,  8  James  I.  pt.  57.    Ibiil.  8  James  I.  pt.  19.   Ibid.  9  James  I.  pt.  23. 
'Pat.  Rolls,  I  Chas.  I.  pt.  4-  '  'bid.  5  Chas.  I.  pt.  9. 

'17th  January,  1654.      Margaret  Allgood  of  Bromley,   Northumberland  (with  others),  petitioned   to 
contract  for  her  estate  on  the  Act  of  21st  October,  1653.     Ciil.  Com.  for  Comp.  p.  3191. 
'  Book  of  Rates.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  286. 


BROOMLEY   TOWNSHIP.  153 

NEWTON    OF    BROOMLEY. 

CUTHBERT  Newton  of  Broomley,  purchased  lands  there,  in    1556,  from  Robert  Lewen  (a);  in   1570  stated  to 
hold  his  lands  by  charter,  in  free  socage  ;  party  to  deed,  2nd  January,  1584/5  (a)  living  iboS. 

William  Newton,  of  Broomley,  was  rated  for  lands  there  in  1663,  =Dorothy       bur.        Thomas  Newton, of  Ovingham 
and    in  that  year,  settled  the  same  upon  the  marriage  of  his  .oth      March,  ^-V^^X  h  Aori7 ,66,]  ' 

daughter  Barbara  («)  ;  buried  25th  January,  l675/6(/').  1666/7.  ment,  l8th  Apnl,  1663  {a). 


Robert     Newton,    son    of   Tristram  =  Barbara,    daughter    and    heiress,    mar.  Thomas    Newton,    of    Bromley, - 

Nelton  of  Sticksfield;  of  Broom-           sett,    isth   Xpril,   1663  («)  ;    party  to  adm.  to  h,s  personal  estate  gth 

deeds,  7th  September,  i68g,  and  12th  November,  1697  (c) 
September,  1704  (a). 


Newton,  of  Stocksfield;  of  Broom- 
ley Jure  uxoris,  party  to  deeds, 
7th  September,  1689,  and  12th 
September,  1704  (a). 


William      \both  under  age  at  date 
Catherine  J"  of  their  father's  death. 


I 


Tristram  Newton,  of  Bromley,  son  and  heir,  who,  12th  Sept.,         Robert    )  bapt.  5th  Mary,  bapt.  26th  April, 

1704,  joined  with  his  father  and  mother  in  the  sale  of  their        William  (  Jan.,  1671  Qi).  1668  (A), 

lands  to   John  Bacon  of  Staward  (a). 

(a)  Abstract  of  title,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection.         (J>)  Regislers  of  Bywell  St.  Peter. 
(c)  Durham  Prolate  Registry. 

Evidences  to  Newton  Pedigree. 
Will  of  Tristram  Newton  of  .  .  .  .  To  my  sister,  Isabella  Hunter,  ^5,  and  to  her  son,  John  Hunter,  £z  los.; 
to  my  sister,  Margaret  Taylor,  ^5,  and  to  her  son,  John  Taylor,  £l  los.;  to  Elizabeth  Taylor,  £2  los.;  to  the  parish 
of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  ^5,  to  be  distributed  as  Mr.  Clement  thinks  fit ;  to  Auckland  parish,  £■:.  los.;  to  Jenkin  Newton, 
£t.  ios.;  to  Jane  Wall,  a  feather  bed  and  sheets;  to  Mr.  Challoner,  to  preach  my  funeral  sermon,  los.  Proved,  July, 
1726.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 

Broomley  Subsidy  or  He.\rth  Tax  Roll,  1665.' 

Widdow  Newton,  Edward  Stobert,  Robertt  Newton,  William  Newton,  William  Sharper,  John  Bates 
William  Taylor,  William  Hutchinson,  Thomas  Bell,  Henry  Amis,  Anthony  Taylor,  Ralph  Eltrington, 
George  Greene,  William  Sanderson,  Robert  Atkinson,  Miles  Ouser,  Stephen  Smith,  Thomas  Carr, 
Edward  Taylor,  and  John  Newton  were  charged  upon  one  chimney  each  ;  John  Swinburne  was  charged 
upon  five,  and  John  Swinburne,  jun.,  upon  three  chimneys.  Widdow  Taylor,  Richard  Benbrigg,  Leonard 
Bates,  George  Towbrigg,  William  Forster,  William  Leighton,  Thomas  Hunter,  Widdow  Newton,  not 
payable. 

In  1663  William  Newton  of  Broomley  was  rated  for  his  lands  there  at 
£%  per  annimi,  being  in  value  about  a  si.xth  part  of  the  township.  In  the 
same  year,  on  April  i8th,  he  settled  his  farmhold  upon  his  daughter,  who  was 
contracted  in  marriage  to  Robert  Newton,  a  son  of  Tristram  Newton  of 
Stocksfield  ;  twenty-six  years  later  Robert  and  Barbara  Newton  being  then 
of  Broomley  mortgaged  their  messuage  to  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Steel-hall  to 
secure  ^120,  and  on  November  30th,  i6g8,  they,  together  with  their  son, 
Tristram  Newton,  were  parties  to  the  transfer  of  the  mortgage  to  Robert 
Troutbeck  of  Corbridge,  clerk.     Six  years  afterwards,  on  September  12th, 

'  R.  R.  O.  Snh%idy  Rolls,  i§|. 
Vol.  VI.  20 


154  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELI,    ST.    PETER. 

1704,  Robert  and  Tristram  Newton  sold  their  lands  in  Broomlcv  to  John 
Bacon  of  Staward,  who,  on  November  12th,  1724,  re-sold  the  same  to 
John  Fenwick  of  Byvvell  for  the  sum  of  /.500.' 

The  Fenwicks  gradually  bought  out  the  other  freeholders  of  the  town- 
ship, and  on  the  division  of  estates  made  in  1724  between  William  Fenwick's 
two  daughters  and  co-heiresses  the  Roe-house  fell  to  Mrs.  Wrightson  and 
Broomley  itself  to  Mrs.  John  Fenwick. 

In  18 1 2  an  Act  of  Parliament"  was  obtained  for  the  enclosure  and 
division  of  Broomley  common,  which  was  found  to  comprise  an  area 
of  1412  acres.  The  commissioners  appointed  to  carry  the  Act  into 
execution  made  their  award  on  June  i6th,  18 17,  and  after  setting  out  public 
roads  and  reserving  certain  quarries  and  sandpits,  they  awarded  to  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Septimus  Hodson  of  By  well''  76  acres,  being  the  sixteenth  part, 
in  consideration  of  their  consent,  and  423  acres  in  respect  of  rights  of 
common  of  pasture,  appurtenant  to  their  lands  within  the  township.  They 
also  awarded  56  acres  to  Mr.  William  Wrightson  of  Cusworth,  and  20 
acres  to  Mr.  John  Surtees,  respectively,  for  their  lands  in  Broomley,  and 
to  the  trustees  of  Mr.  William  Hodgson  of  Tone  612  acres,  in  lieu  of 
the  rights  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  Healey,  and  52  acres  for 
lands  in  Fairlemay  and  Fotherley ;  and  to  Mr.  Mathew  Potts,  127  acres 
in  lieu  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  lands  in  Old  Ridley. 

Broomley,  together  with  Bywell,  was  sold  in  1820  to  Mr.  T.  W. 
Beaumont,  grandfather  of  Mr,  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont,  the  present  owner. 
Roe-house  belongs  to  Mr.  H.  B.  Wrightson  of  Cusworth. 

Old  and  New  Ridley. 
The  three  places  called  Ridley  in  this  parish  are  distinguished  as  Old 
Ridley,  beantiluUy  situated  on  the  brow  of  the  left  or  west  bank  of  the 
Stocksfield  burn,  the  ancient  water  corn  mill  of  Ridley-mill  and  the  hamlet 
of  New  Ridley,  near  Apperley.  Up  to  the  period  of  the  enclosure  of 
Broomley  common  in  181 7,  Old  and  New  Ridley  continued  to  be  regarded 
as  two  separate  townships,  and  down  to  1833  New  Ridley  was  a  township  for 
highway  purposes.* 

'  From  Abstract  of  title,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  W,'  p.  386. 

-  52  George  IH.  An  Act  for  inclosing  lands  in  the  parishes  of  Ovingham,  Dywell  St.  Peter,  and 
Bywell  St.  Andrew,  in  the  county  of  Northumberland. 

'  Mrs.  Septimus  Hodson  was  widow  and  devisee  of  William  Fenwick  of  Bywell,  the  representative  of 
the  above-mentioned  Mr.  John  Fenwick.  *  Cf.  Dickson  ;   Wards,  etc.,  of  Northumberland,  p.  70. 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP.  I  55 

The  township  of  Ryddeley  was  held  by  Robert  de  Meyneuill,  in  the 
year  1272,  by  the  service  of  half  a  knight's  fee,  doing  suit  of  court  at 
Bywell,  and  paying  castle-ward  at  the  castle  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne.'  At 
the  same  period  there  was  a  Nicholas  de  Ryddeley,  concerning  whose  lands 
the  Rev.  William  Greenwell  possesses  a  deed,  made  in  1292  between  John 
de  Vallibus  and  others.'^ 

RvDELEY  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

i     s.      d.  s.       d. 

Sunima  bonorum  Johannis  Meynevile    ...         ...         ...         ...         286  unde  regi  5     3j 

„  Petri  Kay  126  „  2     oh 

„  Johannis  del  Gren       o  13     3  !i  ^     -h 

„  Reginald!  de  Rideley 168  „  34 

Summa  liujus  villae, /^6   los.  gd.     Unde  legi,  us.  lo|d. 

Nothing  is  known  of  the  place  during  the  fourteenth  and  following 
century,  although  Ridleys  occur  as  witnesses  in  several  Whittonstall  deeds. 

RvDLE  Muster  Roll,  1538'  :  Thomas  Taylyor,  John  Lawson  ;  able  with  hors  and  harnes. 

In  the  survey  of  the  confiscated  estates  of  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland, 
made  in  1570,  it  is  stated  that  there  were  two  free  tenants  in  New  Ridley, 
holding  by  charter  and  military  service,  viz.,  Christopher  Newton,  who  paid 
a  free  rent  of  3s.  4d.,  and  Robert  Newton,  who  with  his  tenement  held  ti/ia 
plena  tcrrct  in  vStocksfield  and  paid  a  free  rent  of  13d.* 


Tenant. 

Hold 

ing. 

Oswald  Bayly 

I  tenement, 

etc. 

Robert  Byrkes 

I  tenement 

Robert  Bates 

'         )i 

Robert  Lawson 

^         .» 

Robert  Saunder 

*         »i 

Anthony  Erteryani... 

1         ,^ 

Oswald  Usher 

1         ,,      called  Hyndlcy 

Rydley  Nova,  , 

1570. 

Tenure. 

Yearly  rent. 
£     s.    d. 

By  lease 

dated 

15th  Sept., 

1566,  for  10  years 

I      2     4 

,, 

loth  Sept., 

1566- 

015     0 

„ 

22nd  July, 

1 566,  for  1 1  years 

0  13     4 

,, 

24th  .\ug., 

1566,  for  10  years 

0  13     4 

„ 

15th  Sept., 

1566, 

068 

Indenture  stolen 

068 

Style  By  lease  dated  24th  July,  1566,  for  II  yeais       on     o 

'  Inq.  p.m.  55  Hen.  HI.  No.  2,2i- 

■  Johannes  de  Vallibus  ....  Noveritis  me  quietum  clamasse Willelmo  de  Echewyk  .  .  .  totum 

jus quod  habui  versus  dictum  Willelmum  vel  Nicholauin  de  Ryddeley  de  tenemento  cum  manerio, 

toftis,  pratis  .  .  .  quae  habui  de  dicto  Nicliolao  ad  terminum  -xii  annorum,  salvis  dicto  Johanni  et  hered. 
suis  capella  B.  Michaeiis  cum  claustro,  sicut  Johannes  pater  dicti  Johannis  fuit  seisitus  per  Nicholaum 
de  Ryddeley,  et  uno  tofto,  et  vi  acris  terrae  et  prati  quas  habet  de  feofamento  .^le.vandri  et  Nicholai  de 
Ryddeley,  et  duabus  acris  prati  in  le  Bolbek-medew  ad  dictum  toftum  pertinentibus,  et  x  acris  prati  in  le 
Salniedew,  quas  habet  per  feof.  Nicholai  de  Ryddeley,  cum  omnimodis  dampnis  quas  ego  petii  versus 
dictum  Willelmum,  causa  convencionis  inter  me  et  dictum  Nicholaum  prius  factae  .  .  .  Hiis  testibus. 
Domino  iMition  (sic)  capellano  de  Vlesto,  Hugone  de  Hauwik,  Johanne  de  Wytington.  Datum  apud 
Wytington,  die  Jovis  pro.\.  post  festum  translationis  Sci  Thomae  martyris,  1292.    Endorsed  Whityngtone. 

'  Arch.  A  el.  410  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  178.  '  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey. 


»56 


THE    PARISH    OF    RYWELI,    ST.    PETER. 


Tenant. 

Christopher  Rawc '. 
Robert  Tavlour 


Robert  Newton 


Yearly  rent. 
£  s.  d. 
o    6     S 


RVULEV  Nova,  1570  ( coiitimudj. 

Holdin^.  Tenure. 

I  tenement         ...         ...     Held  at  the  will  of  the  lord    ... 

I    tenement  and    Ridley 

water   corn    mill    with 

suit,  soc,  multure,  etc.      My  lease  dated  iStli  .•\|)ril,  i;66,  for  21  years     211     8 
a   parcel   of  moor  land, 

newly    enclosed,   con- 

taininL' 20  acres         ...     Held  at  the  will  of  the  lord i    13     4 


.Sum 
There  were  also  four  cottatje  tenants,  whose  rents  amounted  to  14s.  4d. 


...£()    o    o 


Christopher  and  Robert  Newton  were  still  living  in  1608,  and  in  posses- 
sion of  their  respective  holdings.  Besides  the  leasehold  tenants  whose 
names  and  holdings  are  set  out  in  the  following  table,  there  were  four 
cottage  tenants,  who  paid  14s.  4d.  a  year.  The  surveyors  state  that  they 
were  of  opinion  that  the  value  of  the  leasehold  and  cottage  lands  was 
_^24   13s.  8d.  over  and  above  the  rents  paid. 


Tenants  holding  by  Lease  in  Ridley,  1608.= 

Tenant.  Tenement.         Former  tenant.  Tenure. 

John  Bailie  ...      i     Oswald     Bailie,     his     By  letters  patent  granted  23rd  Jan., 

father  1590/1       

Mathew  Berkes     ...     i     Robert  Berkes         ...  ,,  „  ,< 

Christopher  Welley     i     ."Anthony  Eldringham     By  letters  patent  granted  6th  Oct., 

1602,  for  21  years 
William  Sander    ...     i     Robert    Sander,    his 

father        By  lease  expired     

Robert  Lawson  and 

William  Taylor...      I    ... 
Robert  Bate  


John  Usher           ...     i  (called  Hindley  Steele) 
Oswald  Usher       ...     5            „                „ 
Christopher  Welley     i 


By  lease  expired     ... 
By  letters  patent  granted  26th  May, 
1595,  for  21  years 


Christopher  Rowe 
Gilbert  Newton     .. 
William  Tayler     .. 


William  Tayler 


By  letters  patent  granted  6th  Oct., 
1602,  for  21  years 

At  the  lords  will     ... 


20  acres  of  land... 
Ridley  corn  mill  late  in 

the    tenure    of    Robt.     By  letters  patent  granted  6th  Oct.. 

Tayler,  his  father      ...  1602,  for  21  years  

I  tenement        ...         ...  ,.  ,,  1, 


Rent, 

£    s. 

d. 

Value 
beyond  rent. 

£    s.     d. 

1 
0 

1 
15 

4 
0 

3 
-> 

6 
6 

8 
S 

0 

6 

8 

. 

0 

0 

0 

f) 

8 

I 

0 

0 

0 

'3 

4 

I 

3 

4 

0 
0 

13 
5 

4 
6 

I 
0 

3 
16 

4 
8 

0 

5 

6 

0 

16 

8 

0 

6 

8 

I 

0 

0 

0 

6 

8 

I 

0 

0 

I 

'3 

4 

I 

0 

0 

00       600 


o  16     8 


I    17     o 


£9  II     8^22   10     4 


'  A  tenement,  garden,  orchard,  and  4  acres  of  arable  land,  meadow  and  pasture,  in  Ridley,  in  the 
occupation  of  Gilbert  Robson,  but  formerly  in  the  tenure  of  Christopher  Rawe,  parcel  of  the  possessions 
of  John  Swinburne,  attainted,  were  granted  to  John  Warde,  gentleman,  for  a  term  of  21  years,  at  the 
yearly  rent  of  6s.  8d.     Pat.  Rulls,  37  Eliz.  pt.  18.  '  Haggatt  and  Ward's  Survey. 


BROOMLEY   TOWNSHIP.  I  1^7 

The  free  rents  issuing  out  of  the  lands  of  Christopher  and  Robert 
Newton,  amounting  to  3s.  4d.  and  13d.,  together  with  lands  of  the  yearly  rent 
value  of  £']  and  cottages  of  the  yearly  rent  of  14s.  4d.,  were  granted  on 
the  15th  of  September,  1629,  to  William  White,  William  Stevenson,  and 
John  Perkins,  to  hold  of  the  king  in  free  and  common  socage.^  Edward 
Newton  of  Old  Ridley,  gentleman,  was  a  freeholder  in  1638.' 

Proprietors  in  Ridley  in  1663. 

New    Ridley  towne :    William    Lawson,  Arthur   Taylor  and 

Thomas  Harrison  of  New  Ridley        ...             ...  ...  rated  at  ^12     o    o 

The  Common  :  Gilbert  Belley  of  the  Common        ...  ...            „  14     o     o 

Old  Ridley  :   Mr.  Edward  Newton  and  Mr.  La.  Newton'  ...             „  36     o     o 

Ridley  Mill  :  Arthur  Tayler  of  Ridley  Mill'              ...  ...             „  500 

Ridley  Mill,  land  :  Arthur  Tayler  of  Ridley  Mill     ...  ...             „  12     o     o 

New  Ridley  Greveship  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665. 

Arthur  Taylor,  2  chimneys;  Cuthbert  Newton,  John  Slater,  John  Thomsoii,  William  Robinson, 
Gilbertt  Belley,  Tristram  Newton,  Lance  Newton,  Edward  Newton,  Thomas  Snowball,  William  Newton, 
William  Lawson,  John  Lishman,  George  Stobbertt,  Thomas  Harrison,  Nicholas  Andrew,  John  Drumwell, 
Cuthbert  Lishman,  each  one  chimney ;  John  Thomson,  Thomas  Armstrong,  George  Andrew,  Oswald 
Usher,  Gavin  Cartington,  not  payable. 

In  1748  Robert  Johnson'  of  Ebchester  voted  at  the  election  of  knights 
of  the  shire  in  respect  of  lands  in  Old  Ridley,  and,  dying  about  1758, 
he  gave  his  lands  at  Old  Ridley  to  his  wife  for  life,  _^i,500  to  his  daughter, 
Sarah  Surtees,  and  the  rest  to  his  son,  Cuthbert  Johnson.  The  latter,  by 
will  dated  24th  December,  1762,°  gave  his  manor  at  Elrington,  and  his  lands 
at  Old  Ridley  and  elsewhere,  to  his  son,  Robert  Johnson,  charged  with 
certain  jointures  and  portions  for  younger  children.  In  1774  John  Johnson 
of  Ebchester  and  Joseph  Ramsay  of  Newcastle  voted  for  rent  charges  arising 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  5  Chas.  L  pt.  g.  ■  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  ii.  4to  series,  p.  324. 

'  Mr.  Lancelot  Newton  of  Old  Ridley  was  fined  £s  in  16S3  for  burying  his  wife  in  woollen, 
St.  Peter's  Churchwarden  Book:  cf.  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  xiii.  p.  138. 

'  The  water  corn  mill  in  Ridley,  '  on  the  water  of  Ridley  burne,'  formerly  belonging  to  the  earl  of 
Westmorland,  was  granted  May  19th,  1609,  to  Edward  Ferrers  of  London,  mercer,  and  Francis  Phillips 
of  the  same  place,  gent.     Pat.  Rolls,  7  Jas.  I.  pt.  16. 

On  the  2Sth  of  February,  161 1/2,  in  a  lease  for  the  term  of  60  years  granted  to  Eldred,  Whitmore 
and  others,  there  were  comprised  the  following  tenements  in  Ridley :  Oswald  Bayley,  22s.  4d. ;  Robert 
Byrk,  15s.;  Robert  Taylor,  us.  id.;  Robert  Bates,  13s.  4d.;  Robert  Lawson,  13s.  4d.;  Robert  Sander, 
6s.  8d.;  Christopher  Rawe,  6s.  Sd.;   Isabel  Usher,  6s.  4d.;  Robert  Spencer,  is.     Pat.  Rolls,  9  Jas.  I.  pt.  23. 

°  22nd  Feb.,  1757.     Will  of  Robert  Johnson  of  Ebchester-hill,  proved  175S.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 

°  Cuthbert  Johnson,  in  his  will,  is  described  as  of  Ebchester-hill,  gent.,  and  mentions,  amongst 
others,  his  father-in-law,  William  Fewster  of  Ebchester;  his  and  his  wife's  son,  Fewster  Johnson,  born 
before  marriage;  Mr.  William  Boutrlower  of  Apperley  and  his  son  Robert,  Mr.  John  Johnson  of  .Shotley 
Bridge  and  Mr.  William  Johnson  of  the  same  place,  Cuthbert  Hunter  of  Medomsley,  Thomas  Marshall  of 
Blanchland,  etc.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 


158  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

out  of  Old  Ridley.  At  the  division  of  the  Mickley  and  Apperley  commons 
in  1817,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hodson  of  Bywell  were  awarded  no  acres,  Mr. 
Robert  Surtees  36  acres,  and  Mr.  William  Wallis  46  acres,  in  lieu  of  their 
respective  rights  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  lands  in  the 
township  of  Old  Ridlev.  Mrs.  Robert  Wallis  is  now  the  principal 
proprietor  and  resides  at  Old  Ridley. 

William  Usher  in  1722,  Thomas  Stobart  of  Troughend  in  1748,  and 
Thomas  Stobart  in  1774,  voted  at  elections  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  respect 
of  lands  in  New  Ridley.  In  18 17,  on  the  enclosure  of  Mickley,  Apperley, 
and  Broomley  commons,  Mr.  William  Wrightson,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hodson, 
Mr.  Robert  Surtees,  Mr.  John  Surtees,  Messrs.  William  and  John  Robson, 
George  and  Richard  Stobart,  and  the  heirs  of  William  Newton,  received 
allotments  in  lieu  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  lands  in  the 
township  of  New  Ridley.  In  1826  Charles  Stobart,  Ralph  Jewitt,  and 
William  Reed,  and  in  1832  Charles  Stobart,  Ralph  Jewitt,  George 
Gibbons  of  Ovington,  and  William  Reed,  voted  for  their  respective  freehold 
lands  in  New  Ridley.  The  principal  proprietor  at  present  is  Mr.  H.  B. 
Wrightson  of  Cusworth,  who  is  also  owner  of  the  neighbouring  farm  of 
Horse-close. 

William  Taylor  in  17 10,  Jonathan  Dryden  in  17 15,  William  Dryden 
and  Jonathan  Kell  in  1734,  Taylor  Kell  in  1748,  and  John  Robson  in  1774, 
voted  at  elections  of  knights  of  the  shire  for  Ridley  mill.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Hodson,  in  18 17,  were  awarded  6  acres,  and  Messrs.  William  and  John 
Robson  9  acres  on  Mickley  and  Apperley  commons,  in  lieu  of  common 
of  pasture  appurtenant  to  lands  at  Ridley  mill.  William  and  John 
Robson  voted  at  the  elections  of  1826  and  1832  ;  the  latter,^  or  a 
person  of  the  same  name,  in  i860  sold  Ridley  mill  and  the  Mill  closes  to 
Mr.  W.  B.  Beaumont. 

The  small  homestead  and  holding  which,  under  the  name  of  Rotchelle- 
foot,  was  assessed  to  Mr.  Thomas  Boutflower  in  1663  and  under  the  form 
of  Redeshaw-foot  belonged  to  Emanuel  Stobart  of  Dunglas  in  Scotland 
in  1832,  is  now  called  Roachy-foot  or  Redshaw-foot  and  belongs  to  the 
heirs  of  Mr.  Brown  of  Newcastle. 

'  John  Robson  of  Ridley-mill,  stationmaster  at  .Stocksfield,  1)y  liis  uill,  dated  30th  October, 
1846,  bequeathed  a  house  with  an  orchard  and  some  closes  of  land  at  Ridley-mill  to  his  daughter 
Elizabeth.  This  latter  property  is  still  held  by  the  devisee  of  the  said  Elizabeth.  Ex  inf. 
Mr.  L.  C.  Lockhart. 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP.  I  59 

HiNDLEY. 

The  earliest  notices  of  Hindley  that  have  been  found  are  in  two 
charters  preserved  in  the  Treasury  at  Durham.  The  first  is  an  agreement 
made  on  April  25th,  1232,  between  Sir  William  de  Hindley'  and  Robert 
de  St.  Jerman  respecting  lands  and  pastures  at  Midhope^;  and  the  second 
is  a  grant  made  by  Sibilla,  daughter  of  Aldan  de  Hindley,  to  her  grandson 
Josceline,  son  of  Guy  Darrayns  of  Whittonstall.^  At  the  Northumberland 
Assizes  in  1256,  there  was  a  presentment  that  Alice,  daughter  of  Ulkill, 
had  been  slain  at  Charmburn  juxta  Hyndelegh.  At  the  same  court  the 
vills  of  Hindley  and  Slaley  were  presented  for  not  having  pursued 
certain  marauders  who  had  broken  into  and  robbed  the  house  of  Matilda 
de  la  Syde,  in  Hindley. "*  About  the  same  period  Gilbert,  son  of  Alden  de 
Hyndeley,  had  a  charter  from  Hugh  de  Baliol  confirming  a  grant  of  two 
bovates  of  land  in  Bromley,  made  to  him  by  Hugh's  father,  Eustace  de 
Baliol.'*  The  later  history  of  the  place  seems  to  have  been  in  a  large 
measure  associated  with   that  of  Bromlev. 

Hyndle  Muster  Roll,  1538." 
Georg  Sylbe,  Willme  Sinythe,  John  Bowtfloyr;  able  with  hois  and  harnes. 

George  Boutflower  of  Apperley,  in  1617,  purchased  a  free  tenement  in 
Hyndeley  from   Henry  Robson  of  the  same  place,  veoman,''  and  the  name 

'  Sir  William  de  Hindele  and  Isabella,  his  wife,  had  a  grant  from  her  son,  Ydo  de  Arenas,  of  20s.  in 
Hidewin  and  half-a-marc  in  \'nthanz  yearly  nomine  dotis,  for  the  life  of  Isabella.  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart. 
No.  6920. 

'  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6953.  Anno  Graciae  mccxxxii.  ad  fest.  .S.  Martini  facta  est  conventio 
inter  Dominum  Will,  de  Hindel'  et  Rob.  de  Sancto  Jermano,  scil.  quod  diet.  Will,  dimisit  ad  firmam  dicto 
Rob.  totam  terram  quam  habet  de  ipso  per  cyrogr.  usque  ad  term,  iij  annorum  sine  aliquo  retenemento, 
praeter  mediet.  decini.  et  mediet.  placit.,et  culturam  ab  aqiiilone  de  Midehope  quando  licet  .ad  pasturam 
ad  boves  suos ;  et  sciendum  quod  dimisit  ei  x  acras  seminatas  de  avena  et  ita  ei  reddet  in  fine  termini. 
Redd,  inde  ann.  j  par  cyrotecarum  die  Natalis  Dni  pro  omn.  alio  serv.  Et  ut  haec  conv.  rata  sit  uterque 
illorum  sigillum  suum  apposuit.  Plegii  Roberti,  Ranulfus  de  Fairhil,  Radulf.  de  Alrib',  Helias  de 
Stokesfeld,  Adam  de  Line,  Ric.  de  Hel'.  Johes  fil.  Fatricii.  Isti  autem  sunt  plegii  tam  ex  parte  Domini 
quam  ex  parte  Roberti.     (Seal  wanting.) 

'  Diir.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  692S.  .  .  .  Ego  Sibilla  filia  Aldani  de  Hindel'  in  mea  viduitate 
.  .  .  confirmavi  Gocelino  filio  Guidonis  de  .'\raines  nepoti  meo  pro  serv.  suo  totam  terram  meam 
quam  habui  in  territorio  de  Hindel'  cum  tofto  et  crofto  et  omn.  aliis  libert.  et  aisiam.  ad  diet.  terr. 
pert.,  quam  eciam  terram  dictus  Aldanus  pater  meus  in  lib.  maritagio  mihi  dedit.  Ten.  et  hab.  sibi 
et  her.  ...  in  feodo  et  hered.  libere.  .  .  .  cum  communi  pastura  et  cum  omn.  aliis  libert.  .  .  .  Reddendo 
inde  annuatim  .  .  .  mihi  .  .  .  j  par  cerotecarum  vel  j  denarium,  scil.  ad  Nat.  Dni  pro  omni  alio  serv. 
.  .  .  (Warranty).  Hiis  test.  Elya  de  Stokisfeld,  Symone  de  Hedley,  Elya  de  Fairhil,  Ric.  de  Heley, 
Willo  de  Bromel',  Willo  di.acono  fratre  suo,  Radulpho  de  Alriburne,  Gocelino  de  Hindel',  Bernardo 
fratre    suo,    Ada    forestario    et   aliis.     Round   seal    of   white    wax    ij   inches    diameter.     Fleur-de-lys 

Ijl    S'   SIBILE   DE   HINDEL. 

Quitclaim  from  Guy  Darrayns  to  Adam  de  Menvill  of  all  rights  he  has  in  lands  on  Hindley  once 
belonging  to  Hugo  Dareyns,  which  he  \\ci.s  jure  hereditaria.     Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6922. 
*  Northumberland  .-Issi^t-  Rolls,  40  Hen    III.  Page,  p.  gi.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 
^  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  345.  °  Arch.  Ael.  4to  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  178. 

'  Ex  Hindley  Deeds.     Arch.  Ael.  new  series,  vol.  ii.  p.  133  note. 


l6o  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

of  Peter  Ridlev,  of  Hvndlev,  gentleman,  appears  in  a  list  of  freeholders 
made  in  1638.'  In  1663  Mr.  Wallis  and  Mr.  Tlionias  Boutflower  were 
rated  for  lands  in  Hindley,  and  Bartholomew  Kent,  (ieorge  Usher,'  ami 
Thomas  Wilson  were  rated  for  lands  at   Hindley  Steel.'' 

It  is  not  known  how  Hindley  passed  into  the  possession  of  Mr.  Edward 
Montagu  of  Denton  and  of  Allerthorpe  in  Yorkshire.''  It  was  sold  by 
his  widow,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Montagu,  the  famous  '  blue  stocking,'  on  May 
1 2th,  1787,  to  George  Potts  of  Netherton,^  in  Bedlingtonshire,  who  by  his 
will,  dated  November  29th,  1797,  gave  it  to  his  only  son,  Matthew  Potts,  of 
the  same  place,"  who  on  the  enclosure  of  Bromley  common  in  181 7  was 
awarded  127  acres  in  lieu  of  the  right  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to 
his  farm  at  Hindley,  wdiich  was  at  that  time  regarded  as  in  the  township  of 
Old  Ridley.  At  an  auction  held  on  February  loth,  1849,'  Mr.  Potts's 
devisees  sold  Hindley  with  366  acres  of  land  to  Mr.  J.  F.  Ayton  of 
Newcastle,  from  whose  representatives  it  has  been  acquired  by  the  family 
of  the  present  owner,  Mr.  A.  J.  Foster. 

The  small  estate  of  Wheelbirks  which  lies  to  the  south  of  Hindley,  and 
abuts  on  the  Stocksfield  burn,  was  held  in  1608  by  Cuthbert  Richardson, 
Henry  Fairebarn,  and  Henry  Robson,  under  a  lease  from  the  Crown  ;*  in 
1663  It  belonged  to  Thomas  Boutflower  of  Apperley,^  and  before  the  year 
1758  to  Robert  Surtees  of  Coltpark,  or  Cronywell,  in  the  county  of  Durham. 
By  his  will  of  that  date  Robert  Surtees  appointed  George  Surtees  of 
Mainsforth,  and  Aubone  Surtees  of  Newcastle,  his  trustees,  and  settled 
Wheelbirks  and  the  neighbouring  estate  of  Kipperlin  upon  his  youngest 
son,  John  Surtees,  with  remainders  in  favour  of  his  other  sons,  George, 
Edward,  and  Robert.  George  died  childless  and  Edward  died  unmarried. 
Robert  married   Anne,    daughter  of  William  Greenwell  of  the  Ford,  near 

'  Arch.  A  el.  4to  series,  vol.  ii.  p.  324. 

-  A  tenement  called  Hundley-stile  (Hindley-steel),  with  ten  acres  of  land  in  Ridley,  in  the  tenure  of 
Oswald  Usher,  on  the  yearly  value  of  los.,  and  a  cottage  and  croft  in  Ridley,  in  the  tenure  of  Margaret 
Faireburne,  of  the  yearly  value  of  3s.,  parcel  of  the  possession  of  the  late  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland, 
were  granted,  November  19th,  1610,  to  Eldred  and  Whitmore  to  hold  for  the  period  of  60  years.  Put. 
Rolls,  8  Jas.  I.  pt.  57. 

'■'  Book  of  Rates.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  287. 

^  Mr.  Edward  Montagu  obtained  considerable  estates  in  the  county  of  Northumberland  as  one  of  tlie 
co-heirs  of  John  Rogers. 

'  George  Potts,  of  Netherton,  voted  for  lands  in  Broomley  in  1774.     Poll  Book. 

'  Schedule  of  Hindley  Deeds  with  Rev.  Cuthbert  E.  Adamson. 

'  Conditions  of  Sale  with  Rev.  Cuthbert  E.  Adamson. 

'  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey.  °  Book  of  Rates,  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  2S6. 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP.  l6l 

Lanchester,  and  died  leaving  a  son  Robert.  After  the  death  of  his  brothers, 
John  Surtees  joined  with  his  nephew  Robert  Surtees,  the  grandson,  in 
barring  the  entail,  and  resettled  the  estates  in  1807  upon  himself  for  life, 
with  remainder  to  Robert  Surtees  in  fee.  In  1817  the  estates  were  enlarged 
by  the  award  made  upon  the  partition  of  Mickley,  Apperley,  and  Broomley 
commons. 

John  Surtees  died  in  1817,^  and  the  estates  then  passed  under  the  will 
of  Robert  Surtees,  the  grandson  (who  had  died  in  1808),  to  his  daughter, 
Anne  Surtees,  who  married  Henry  Smales,  and  she  conveyed  the  estates 
to  him.^  Henry  Smales,  after  the  death  of  his  first  wife,  married  Anne 
Elizabeth  Fisher  of  Cockermouth.  He  died  in  1863  and  the  trustees  of 
his  will  in  1865  conveyed  Wheelbirks  to  George  Thompson  Dickenson, 
who  built  a  new  residence  to  the  west  of  the  old  homestead.  Mr. 
Dickenson's  mortgagees  in  1882  conveyed  Wheelbirks  to  Mr.  David 
Richardson,^  to  whom  it  now  belongs.^  Mr.  Richardson  has  added  to 
the  property  by  the  purchase,  from  Mr.  W.  B.  Beaumont,  of  the 
woodlands  to  the  south  of  the  farm.  The  old  homestead  with  its 
stone-covered  roofs  still  stands  and  forms  a  good  example  of  old-fashioned 
Northumbrian  farm  buildings  which  are  fast  disappearing  from  the 
country. 

In  the  valley  of  the  Stocksfield  burn  a  few  hundred  yards  to  the  south 
of  the  old  homestead  are  the  remains  of  a  disused  blast  furnace,  discovered 
and  excavated  in  1884  by  Mr.  Richardson.  It  appears  to  have  had  an 
internal  diameter  at  its  widest  part  of  from  five  to  six  feet,  contracted  at  its 
boshes  to  about  eighteen  inches.  Higher  up  the  bank  was  found  a  heap  of 
iron  ore,  where  it  had  probably  been  placed  to  be  calcined  before  being  put 
into  the  furnace.  About  thirty  loads  of  slag,  some  birch  charcoal,  and  some 
limestone  for  flux  were  found  around  the  furnace,  and  at  the  bottom  of  the 
furnace  were  a  few  small  lumps  of  imperfectly  smelted  iron.  Ironstone  is 
marked  on  the  geological  ordnance  survey  as  occurring  in  the  hills  within 
two  miles  to  the  south  of  the  furnace,  and  the  water  of  the  burn  probably 

'  CJ.  Memorial  inscriptions  of  Surtees  of  Cronywell  at  Ebcliester.     Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  301. 

■■  Mr.  Henry  Smales  also  owned  Bickerton  in  Coquetdale.  He  was  residing  at  Durham  when  he 
voted  for  lands  in  Broomley  in  1826,  and  in  Holdgate,  York,  in  1832,  when  he  voted  for  the  same  lands, 
more  particularly  described  as  at  Wheelbirks.     Poll  Books. 

'  For  pedigree,  see  Boyce,  The  Richiirdsoiis  of  CUvcland,  appendix. 

'  All  the  above  information  is  taken  from  Mr.  David  Richardson's  muniments  of  title. 

Vol.  VI.  21 


l62  THE    PARISH    OF    HYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

furnished  the  power  for  the  bhist.  The  furnace  was  entirely  built  and 
lined  with  stone,  and  no  bricks  were  found.  The  calcined  stones,  which 
had  apparently  formed  the  top  part  of  the  furnace,  are  now  built  into  an 
adjacent  wall. 

At  Leadhill,  a  small  estate  belonging  to  Mr.  Broderick  Dale,  the 
Watling  Street  is  crossed  by  the  Lead-road,  which  was  the  road  used 
before  the  railway  was  made  for  carting  lead.  The  lead  was  carried  on 
the  backs  of  pack-horses  from  Allendale  to  Dukesfield  mill  to  be  smelted, 
and  thence  to  Tyneside  in  carts  drawn  by  horses,  which  it  was  usual  to 
rest  at  a  small  inn  at  Leadhill. 

In  a  field  adjoining  the  Watling  Street,  to  the  east  of  Wheelbirks,  was 
found  in  1883  a  denarius  of  Trajan,  in  good  preservation. 

The  homestead  of  Kipperlin,  lying  near  the  borders  of  Whittonstall, 
may  be  identified  with  the  place  called  Skitterlin,  which  in  1663  belonged 
to  George  Andrews,  who  was  assessed  for  the  same  at  ^  5  per  annum.  As 
has  been  already  mentioned  it  belonged  to  Robert  Surtees^  of  Crony  well 
in  1758,  and  from  that  time  to  1864  its  history  is  that  of  Wheelbirks.  It 
now  belongs  to  Mr.  Joseph  Laycock. 

The  small  estate  of  Merryshields^  abuts  on  the  river  Tyne,  and  adjoins 
Stocksfield  hall  on  the  west,  and  Eltringham  on  the  east.  Up  to  the  time  of 
the  suppression  of  the  chantries,  the  tithes  of  Merisheles  provided  part  of  the 
endowment  of  the  chantry  of  St.  John  Baptist  in  Bywell  St.  Peter's  church. 
In  consideration  of  a  competent  sum  of  money,  they  were  granted  to 
Sir  Thomas  Gargrave  and  William  Adam,  jun.,  by  letters  patent,  dated 
iith  April,  1549.^  In  1598  Merryshields  belonged  to  Gilbert  Newton,  who 
was  probably  a  member  of  the  family  of  Newton  of' Stocksfield.'  Under  the 
name  of  Mirre  Sheells  it  was  assessed  to  Robert  Newton  in  1663,  at  the 
abnormally  large  rental  of  ;^36.*  It  apparently  passed  through  the  hands  of 
the   Fenwicks  of   Bywell,"  before  it   was  acquired    by   Edward    Surtees    of 

'  John  Surtees  of  Wylam  March  voted  for  Kipperlin  in  1774.     Poll  Book. 

^  Portions  of  the  old  house  at  Merryshields  are  still  extant ;  the  main  building  is  said  to  have  been 
destroyed  by  fire. 

^  Pat.  Rolls,  3  Edw.  VI.  pt.  i.  '  E.xchcquer  Depositions ;  Easter  Term,  41  Eliz.  No.  34. 

^  Book  0/  Rates ;  Hodgson,  NorthuDihcvland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  287. 

"  The  place  seems  to  have  been  occupied  by  members  of  the  EUrington  or  Eltringham  family.  1726/7, 
February  13th:  Will  of  William  Eltringham  of  Mary-shields,  yeoman:  half  of  my  goods  to  my  wife 
Ann,  my  sons  Thomas  and  William,  and  my  daughter  Mary  ;  the  other  half  to  my  daughters  .'\nn  and 
Isabel :  my  wife  and  my  son  John,  executors  ;  my  loving  friends  Stephen  Eltringham  of  the  Hall-yards, 
yeoman,  Richard  Lumley  and  Gilbert  Browell  of  Mickley,  overseers.     Duvham  Probate  Registry. 


BROOMLEY    TOWNSHIP.  I  63 

Mainsforth.  The  latter  died  in  1747,  having  previously  given  Merryshields 
to  his  third  son,  Crosier  Surtees,  by  his  first  wife,  who  voted  at  the  election 
of  knights  of  the  shire,  in  1734,  in  respect  of  lands  there.  He  married  Jane, 
daughter  of  Ralph  Hodgson  of  Alwent,  by  whom,  with  other  issue,  he^  had  a 
posthumous  son,  Crosier  Surtees,^  who  was  admitted  free  of  the  Merchants 
Company,  Newcastle,  on  the  6th  May,  1771.^  He  obtained  the  estate  of 
Redworth,  county  Durham,  by  his  marriage  with  his  cousin  Jane,  daughter 
and  co-heiress  of  Robert  Surtees  of  that  place.*  It  now  belongs'  to 
Mr.  Walter  Ridley,  who  is  also  proprietor  of  the  adjoining  estate  of 
Birches-nook. 

Birches-nook  in  1673  was  the  abode  of  Anne  Armstrong,  the  notorious 
witch  finder.  A  full  account  of  the  great  Northumbrian  case  of  witchcraft, 
which,  in  the  words  of  Mr.  James  Raine,  will  almost  rival  the  exploits  of 
Mother  Demdyke  and  her  crew,  may  be  found  in  the  Depositions  from  York 
Castle.  Anne  Armstrong  accused  Anne,  wife  of  Thomas  Baites  of  Morpeth, 
tanner,  of  frequenting  witches'  meetings  at  Riding-bridge-end  and  at  other 
places  where  she  danced  with  the  devil,  turned  herself  into  the  shape  of  a  cat, 
a  hare,  a  greyhound,  and  a  bee,  '  letting  the  divell  see  how  many  shapes  she 
could  turn  herself  into  ; '  it  is  also  stated  that  she  rode  upon  wooden  dishes 
and  egg  shells  '  both  in  the  Rideinghouse  and  in  the  close  adjoyninge.'  Anne 
Forster  of  Stocksfield,  Anne  Dryden  of  Prudhoe,  and  Lucy  Thompson  of 
Mickley  and  others  had  been  seen  by  Armstrong  at  the  Rideing-house  with 
'  theire  protector  which  thev  call'd  their  god,  sitting,  at  the  head  of  the  table 
in  a  gold  chaire,  as  she  thought  ;  and  a  rope  hanging  over  the  roome  which 
every  one  touch'd  three  several  times  and  what  ever  was  desired  was  sett 
upon  the  table,  of  several  kindes  of  meate  and  drinke,  and  when  they  had 
eaten,  she  that  was  last  drew  the  table  and  kept  the  reversions.'  Anne 
Forster  '  did  swing  upon  the  rope,  and  upon  the  first  swing  she  gott  a 
cheese,  and  upon  the  second  she  gott  a  beatment  of  wheat  flower,  and 
upon  the  third  swing  she  gott  about  halfe  a  quarter  of  butter  to  knead  the 
said  flower  withal,  they  haveinge  noe  power  to  gett  water.'  Anne  Dryden 
'  did  swing  thrice,  and  att  the  first  swing  she  gott  a  pound  of  curraines  to 

'  Crazier  Surtees  was  buried  at  Stamfordham,  26th  September,  1739.  Stamjordham  Register. 
-  1774,  Crosier  Surtees  of  Heighington,  county  Durham,  voted  for  Merryshields.  Poll  Book. 
'  Newcastle  Merchant  Adventurers,  Dendy,  vol.  ii.  p.  366.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  loi. 

'  For  pedigree,  see  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  iii.  p.  311.      Robert  Edward  Surtees  of  Redworth  voted  for 
Merryshields  at  the  elections  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1826  and  1S32. 


164  THE    PARISH    OF    HYWEI.I,    ST.    PETER. 

putt  in  the  flower  for  bread,  and  att  the  second  swing  she  gott  a  qnarter 
of  mutton  to  sett  before  their  protector,  and  at  the  third  swing  she  gott  a 
bottle  of  sacke.'  Margaret,  wife  of  Michael  Aynsley  of  the  Riding,  'did 
swing,  and  she  gott  a  flackett  of  ale  containing,  as  she  thought,  about  three 
quarts,  a  kening  of  wheat  flower  for  pyes,  and  a  peice  of  biefe.'' 

Such  were  the  gross  and  material  stories  laid  before  the  justices,  but  Mr. 
Raine,  in  the  volume  referred  to,  states,  '  I  am  happy  to  say  that  in  no 
instance  have  I  discovered  the  record  of  the  conviction  of  a  reputed  witch  ; 
all  honour  to  the  Northern  juries  for  discrediting  these  absurd  tales.'  '  They 
were  certainly  uniformly  acquitted  at  the  assizes,  but  no  judge,  or  jury,  or 
minister,  could  make  the  people  generally  believe  that  they  were  innocent  ; 
the  superstition  was  too  deeply  rooted  to  be  easily  eradicated.' " 

APPERLEY    TOWNSHIP. 

The  small  township  of  Apperley  has  an  area  of  428  acres,  comprised  in 
one  compact  estate.  In  1891  the  population  was  25.'  A  little  to  the  north 
of  the  homestead,  which  occupies  an  elevated  position  over  600  feet  above 
sea-level,  is  a  spring  of  water  which,  in  its  name,  the  Tansy-garth  well, 
retains  an  old  world  flavour.* 

There  is  another  place  of  the  same  name  in  the  sister  barony  of  Bolbec, 
situated  amongst  the  Newbigin  moors  near  the  Devil's  Water,  but  of  neither 
place  is  there  much  known. 

About  the  vear  1262,  Robert  de  West  Heddon  held  Heddon  and 
Appeltreley  of  the  lord  of  Bywell,  by  the  service  of  a  third  part  of  a  knight's 
fee.°  In  1283,  on  December  19th,  a  commission  of  oyer  and  terminer  was 
issued  to  William  de  Brumpton  and  John  de  Haulton,  to  hear  the  complaint 
of  John,  son  of  Roger,  a  burgess  of  Newcastle,  against  Peter,  son  of  Gerard 
del  Hogh  and  Thomas  de  Shotlegh,  who  were  charged  with  breaking  into 
his  park  of  Apeltrelegh  in  Bywell  by  night,  and  felling  and  carrying  away 
his  timber." 

'  Depoiitions  from  York  Castle,  Raine,  pp.  191-201.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  40.  -  Ibiii.  preface,  p.  xxx. 

'  The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,  .  .  ;  1811,  .  .  ;  1821,  .  .  ;  1831,  23;  1841,  34;  1851,  38; 
1861,  20  ;   1871,  6  ;   1881,  19  ;   1891,  25.     The  census  return  for  1901  is  includetl  in  that  of  Brooniley. 

'  Within  the  house  at  Apperley  is  another  well,  reached  by  a  flight  of  stone  steps  from  the  kitchen. 
Ex  inf.  Mr.  Anthony  Johnson. 

'  Inij.  p.m.  Hug.  de  Bolebek,  46  Hen.  HI.  No.  25. 

°  Cell.  Pat.  Rolls,  1 1  Edw.  I.  nienib.  24  b,  also  Rut.  Lit.  Pat.  Rolls  .Series,  8vo  edition,  Edw.  I.  p.  91. 


APPERLEY   TOWNSHIP.  1 65 

Appiltreley  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

£     s.      d.  s.     d. 

Sumina  bonorLim  Petri  Harper     ...         ...  ...         ...         ...         3   15     7     uncle  regi  6   loi 

„  Thomae  filii  Waldeui ...         ...         ...         ...         250  „  41 

.Summa  hujus  villae,  £b  os.  7d.     Unde  domino  regi,  los.  ii^d. 

Certain  lands  in  the  vill  of  Apirley,  which  had  been  forfeited  to  the 
Crown  by  Robert  de  West  Heddon,  who  had  taken  part  in  Gilbert  de 
Middleton's  rebellion,  were  sold  by  Edward  III.  to  Roger  de  Widdrington.' 
The  history  of  the  place  during  the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  centuries  is 
obscure,  but  before  the  beginning  of  the  seventeenth  century  the  place  had 
passed  into  the  possession  of  the  family  of  Boutflower.  It  is  stated  in  the 
survey  of  the  forfeited  possessions  of  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland,  made 
in  1608,  that  George  Boutflower  claimed  an  intake,  containing  by  estimation 
fifty  acres,  beginning  at  Apperley  south  dyke  nook  and  going  northward, 
'  and  soe  down  the  west  side  of  the  bourne  as  to  the  lead  forde  and  so 
down  to  Hyndley  Steele  dike  to  the  north  nooke  and  up  the  hall  hill  to 
the  west  close  nooke  of  Apperley.'' 

Geoffrey  Boutflower  of  Apperley  married  a  daughter  of  John  Fenwick 
of  Ryal  and  Wallington,^  and  by  her  had  a  son,  Ralph,  who  is  mentioned  in 
the  will  of  his  mother's  brother,  John  Fenwick  of  Walker,  who  died  in  1580/ 
Ralph  Boutflower's  great  grandson,  Thomas  Boutflower,  in  1663  was  rated 
at  £^0  for  Apperley  and  Hindley,  and  was  also  proprietor  of  lands  at 
'  Rotchelle  foote,'  Wheelbirks  and  Hassocks,*  all  in  this  parish,  and  of  other 
lands  at  Mickley  in  the  parish  of  Ovingham."  John  Davis,  fellow  of 
Magdalen  College,  Cambridge,  after  his  ejection  from  his  beneflce  of  Bywell 
St.  Peter,  found  a  refuge  at  Welton,  the  house  of  Thomas  Boutflower's 
father-in-law,  Michael  Welden,  or  Welton,  and  '  all  the  time  of  the  severities 
of  King  Charles's  reign  '  used  to  preach  '  sometimes  in  his  own  house 
and  sometimes  at  Sir  William  Middleton's  at  Belsay,  sometimes  at  Mr. 
Boutflower's  at  Apperley,  and  sometimes  at  other  places.''  In  1675  Mr. 
Thomas  Boutflower  was  rated  on  8  chimneys  for  the  hearth  ta.x.**     Thomas 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  33  Edw.  III.  pt.  i.  memb.  8.  •  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey,  1608. 

'  Cf.  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  256.       '  Durham  U'(//s,  Green  well,  p.  35.  .Surt.  Soc.  No.  38. 

^  The  farm  of  Hassocks  has  not  been  identified,  but  the  following  entry  in  St.  Peter's  churchwardens' 
book  implies  that  it  was  near  New  Ridley  :  17 13,  6th  April,  'John  Brown  of  ye  Hassocks,  churchwarden 
for  New  Ridley  Ward.'     Ex  inf.  Mr.  Anthony  Johnson. 

"  Book  of  Rates :  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  pp.  286,  287,  288,  290. 

'  Calamy,  Account  of  the  Ministers  who  were  Ejected,  etc.     Second  edition,  vol.  ii.  p.  519. 

"  V.K.O.  Subsidy  Rolls,  Yi^. 


1 66  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

Boutflower's  younger  son  William,  who  in  1675  "'^is  apprenticed  to 
Benezer  Durant  of  Newcastle,  mercer,  was  admitted  free  of  the  Merchants' 
Company  in  1684,'  and  became  sheriff  of  Newcastle  in  1701.  He  died  in 
May,  1712,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Nicholas'  church  under  a  stone  -  bearing : 
'A  baron  between  his  two  wives,  i,  o?i  a  fess  between  three  cushcons 
as  many  fleurs-de-lis,  for  Hntton  ;  2,  a  chevron  and  in  chief  three  fleurs- 
de-lis,  for  Boutflower;  3,  on  a  chevron  between  three  griffon  s  heads  erased 
as  many  roundles,  for  Allenson. 

Nathaniel  Boutflower,  eldest  brother  of  the  sheriff,  voted  in  171 5  at  the 
election  of  knights  of  the  shire,  in  respect  of  his  estate  at  Apperley ;  his  son 
Thomas  voted  for  a  similar  qualification  in  1710  and  1715,  and  William 
Boutflower,  son  of  Thomas,  voted  at  the  elections  of  1734  and  1748.*  The 
long  connection  of  the  family  with  Apperley  came  to  an  end  in  1766,  when, 
after  William  Boutflower's  death,  the  seat  house  and  estate  were  offered  for 
sale.''  It  was  acquired  by  the  family  of  Surtees  of  Hamsterley,  and  now 
belongs  to  the  two  daughters  and  co-heiresses  of  the  late  Mr.  Robert 
Smith  Surtees,  Miss  Surtees  and  Lady  Gort. 

On  the  enclosure  of  Apperley,  Mickley,  and  Fairley-may  commons  in 
18 1 7,  137  acres  were  awarded  to  Anthony  Surtees  in  lieu  of  rights  of  common 
of  pasture,  appurtenant  to  his  estate  at  Apperley.'' 

'  Neivcastk  Merchant  Adventurers,  Dendy,  p.  302.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  loi. 

■  Coll.  Armorial  Bearings,  etc.,  St.  Nicholas,  Newcastle,  1820,  vol.  ii.  p.  19.  "  Poll  Books. 

*  To  be  sold  all  that  capital  messuage,  or  seat  house,  and  all  the  messuages,  tenements  or  farmholds 
and  hereditaments,  within  the  manor,  township,  precincts  or  territories  of  ."Apperley,  with  a  large  share  of 
extensive  common  adjoining  thereto,  and  fine  springs  of  wood  thereon,  .'\pply  to  Mr.  Reginald  Gibson 
of  High  Bawk  in  Noithumberland.     Newcastle  Courant,  12th  .April,  1766. 

'  52  Geo.  III.  'An  Act  for  inclosing  lands  in  the  parishes  ofOvingham,  IJywell  .St.  Peter,  and  Bywell 
St.  .■\ndrew,  in  the  county  of  Norlhumberland.'  The  commissioners  appointed  to  carry  the  Act  into 
execution  made  their  awards  June  16th,  1817,  and  after  reciting  that  the  commons  of  Mickley,  Apperley, 
and  Fairley-may  contained  by  admeasurement  1567  acres,  set  out  various  public  roads,  etc.  They 
awarded  to  the  Rev.  Septimus  Hodson  and  Frances,  his  wife,  in  satisfaction  of  their  right  to  the  soil  of 
Fairley-may  and  Apperley  commons,  and  in  lieu  of  the  right  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  their 
farmhold  of  Fairley-may,  445  acres;  to  William  Wrightson,  esq.,  for  his  m.anorial  rights  on  Mickley 
common,  32  acres  (in  six  plots,  i.e.,  to  Mickley,  15  acres;  Eltringham,  3  acres;  Stocksfield-hall,  3 
acres;  New  Ridley,  3  acres;  Apperley,  2  acres;  and  Old  Ridley,  4  acres),  and  for  his  lands  in 
New  Ridley,  25  acres;  and  for  .Mickley,  156  acres;  the  Rev.  Septimus  Hodson  and  Frances,  his 
wife,  for  Stocksfield-hall,  ilS  acres;  Old  Ridley,  no  acres;  New  Ridley,  50  acres;  Ridley-mill, 
6  acres;  Robert  Surtees,  esq.,  for  New  Ridley,  36  acres;  Old  Ridley,  36  acres;  and  Ovingham,  2  acres; 
Thomas  Humble,  esq.,  for  Eltringham,  53  acres,  and  for  Cherry-burn  intakes,  3  acres;  Anthony  Surtees, 
esq.,  for  Apperley,  137  acres;  William  Wallas,  esq.,  for  Old  Ridley,  46  acres;  the  heirs  of  Anthony 
Humble,  for  Mickley,  23  acres;  John  Surtees,  esq.,  for  New  Ridley,  55  acres  ;  and  Broomley,  30  acres; 
John  Davidson,  esq.,  for  Mickley,  15  acres;  John  Newton,  for  Mickley,  10  acres;  William  Prudhoe,  for 
Mickley,  5  acres;  William  and  John  Robson,  for  New  Ridley,  9  acres;  the  heirs  of  William  Newton, 
for  New  Ridley,  3  acres;  George  Stobbart,  for  New  Ridley,  2  acres;  Richard  Stobbart,  for  New  Ridley, 
1  acre;  Stephen  Thompson,  for  .Mickley,  i  acre;  Robert  and  James  Wilkinson,  for  a  cottage  at  Mickley, 
24  perches;  and  Joseph  Lowes,  for  a  cottage  at  Mickley,  22  perches.     (Fractions  omitted.) 


APPERLEY    TOWNSHIP. 


167 


BOUTFLOWER    OF    APPERLEY.* 

Arms  :    Vtrt  a  chevron  and  in  chief  3  fleurs  de  lis  or.     Crest  :    A  fleur  de  Its  or.      Tombstones  ;it  Whiltonstall 
(1642),  Bishop  Middleham  (1688),  and  at  St.  Nicholas  Church,  Newcastle  (1712). 

Robert  Bultfi.our,  /f»i/>.  Hen.  IV.  {u),  =  Agnes,  sister  of  Julian,  wife  of  Henry  Kaunt  of  Lofthouslyntes,  co.  Durham  (a). 

John  Bultflonr  Qi)  ,= 


William  Bultflour  claimed  Lofthotislyntes  in  the  Chancery  of  Duiham,  1446-47  (;<). 
Geoffrey  Boutflour  of  Apperley,  ie>n/>.  Henry  \'III.  =  second  daughter  of  John  Fenwick  of  Wallington  (j/). 


Ralph  Boutflower  of  .Apperley  appeared  at  the  muster  in   1538  ;  named  in  the  will  of  his  uncle, 
John  Fenwick  of  Walker,  15S0  (  v)  ;    in  1595  sold  Overlints  to  Nicholas  Hedley  (h). 


George  Boutflower  of  Apperley,  son  and  heir  (y),  purchased  lands  in 
Hindley  1617  ;  died  2ist  February,  1641/2;  buried  at  Whittonstall. 


Thomas  Boutflower,  living 
1580  (j). 


William  Boutflower  of  Apper-  =  [Mary,  bur.    John  Boutflower  of  Pembroke    George  Boutflower, 


ley,  an  attesting  witness 
(together  with  his  brother 
John)  to  the  deed  of  161 7  ; 
administration  of  his  personal 
estate  in  the  Prerogative  Court 
at  London,  25th  June,  1657. 


lothjune,         Hall,     and     afterwards     of  steward     to     Sii 

1675  («).]        Christ  College,  Cambridge  ;  Edw.     Radcliffe 

B.A.     1629  ;      chaplain     to  of     Dilston,     in 

Morton,  bishop  of  Durham  ;  1644  ;   [  ?  lessee, 

vicar  of  Whelpington,  1633  ;  Bywell     fishery, 

vicar  of  Warden,  1638  ;  died  1639]. 
1642. 


Annes,  living  15S0 


Mildred,  daughter 
of  Ralph  Hutton, 
official  to  the  dean 
and  chapter  of 
Durham,  married 
2nd  December, 
164 1  (^). 


I 


Thomas  Boutflower  of  Apperley,  only  son  ;  in  1663  was  rated  for  lands  =  Jane,  daughter  of  [Michael]  Welden  of  Welton 


at  that  place  and  at  Hindley,  Hassocks,  VVheelbirks,  Mickley, 
Rotchellfoot,  etc.  ;  buried  5th  January,  16S3/4  ;  will  dated  31st 
December,  1683. 


and  niece  of  Colonel  George  Fenwick  of 
Brinkburn  ;  executrix  to  her  husband's  will  ; 
buried  3rd  February,  1697/8  (</). 


Nathaniel  : 
Boutflower 
of  Apper- 
ley, mar. 
22nd  Feb., 
1676/7  (0; 
buried  8th 
January, 
I72o/2l(«). 


Dorothy, 
daughter  of 
John  Ogle 
of  Kirkley; 
buried  4th 
Nov.,  1737 
(a) ;  bond 
of  mar. 
17th  Feb., 
1676/7. 


I 
Elizabeth,  dau.  r^  William   Boutflower  of  New- 


of  Ralph  Hut- 
ton,  commis- 
sary of  Rich- 
mond ;  mar. 
i.Sth  Feb., 
1684/5  M; 
bur.  22nd  Apl. 
1688  ;  aged 
35  W- 


castle,  admitted  free  of 
.Merchants'  Company  9th 
October,  16S4,  and  of  host- 
men's  Company  igth  May, 
1699  ;  sheriff  of  Newcastle, 
1701 ;  bur.  26thMay,  I7i2{'/'); 
administration  of  his  estate 
granted  l8th  July,  1712,  to 
his  daughter  Elizabeth. 


I      I 


Elizabeth,  died  un- 
married ;  buried 
5th  Dec,  1699  (a). 

Mary,  married  20th 
August,  171 5  (/), 
Edward  Lumsden, 
of  Morpeth  ;  living 
1762. 


I 


2Sth 


Thomas,      baptised 

-March  ;  buried  igth  July, 
16S6  (rf). 

Elizabeth,  baptised  20th 
October,  i687(rf)  ;  mar. 
William  \^azey  of  Gates- 
head and  of  Wiserley, 
in  the  parish  ofWolsing- 
ham. 


Elizabeth,  died  un- 
married ;  bur.  I3tti 
Sept.,  16S6  (,/). 

Dorothy,  mar.  John 
Ornsby,  of  New- 
cast!e,draper;  bond 
of  marriage  gth 
Mar.  i69i;liv.i698 

Mehitabell,  died  un- 
married 2nd  Sept., 

16S5  oo- 

William,  bapt.  12th  December;  buried  17th  December,  1695  (i^). 
Marmaduke    Boutflower,   bapt.    15th  December,  1698   (1/);    [?of 

Gosport,  died  1767 sl^]. 
Thomasine,  bapt.  6th  April,  1693  ;  buried  8th  February,  1695  (</). 
Jane,  bapt.  5tli  June,  1694  (rf)  ;    married  Benjamin  Wilson  of  the 

parish    of   St.    Nicholas,    Newcastle ;     bond  of    marriage,   9th 

October,  1719. 
Alice,  bapt.  14th  October,  1697  (</). 
Hannah,  bapt.  15th  .August,  1700;  bur.  loth  December,  1701  (</). 


^  Thomasine,  dau. 
of  Marmaduke 
.Allenson  of  Dur- 
ham, mercer, 
and  of  Ouarring- 
ton,  CO.  Durham; 
bond  of  mar.  4th 
June,  1692; 
bur.  17th  April, 
1708  (id). 


Thomas  Bout- 
flower, son  and 
heir,  baptised 
25th  October, 
1685  (a)  ;  mar. 
14th  Jan.,  1709 
(aj;  died  in 
his  father's  life- 
time ;  bur.  5th 
May,  171 7  (fl). 

I 
A 


Margaret  Lee  of 
Old  Ridley,  wid- 
ow, bond  of  mar. 
8th  Dec,  1709  ; 
buried  17th  June, 
1725  (rt);  adm.of 
her  personal  es- 
tate, 26th  Feb- 
ruaiy,         1725/6 


I 
Jane  Vasey,  =  John      Boutflower,  =  Eleanor,  dau 


of  the  par. 
of  Oving- 
ham  ;  mar. 
2ist  Oct., 
1712  (,?)  ; 
bur.  27th 
Aug.,  1713 
s.p.  («). 


resided  succes- 
sively at  Apper- 
ley, Brian's  Leap 
(1732),  and  Rid- 
ing-mill ;  bapt. 
5th  January,  1687 
(a) ;  died  2nd 
Sept.,  1742,  aged 
55  (/)■ 


of  Roger 
Fewster, 
married  1st 
May,  1720 
(^/')  ;  buried 
I3lh  Nov., 
1734  (/)• 


William  Boutflower, : 
captain  Royal  Navy  ; 
baptised  1st  January, 
1692(0);  commander 
of  the  Flam/ioroiigh , 
1732  ;  died  at  Port 
Antonio,  1734  ;  will 
prov.  in  Prerogative 
Court  at  Canterbury, 
March,  1735- 


1 68 


THE    PARISH    OF    HYWEI.I.    ST.    TETER. 


Robert, 

1 
Robinson  Bout- 

Nathaniel 

^  [Anne  

William, 

Thos.  Boutflower=Eliza- 

buried 

flower  of  New- 

l?oul- 

died     in 

bap.  19th 

bap.  lytli  April, 

beth. 

22nd 

castle,     attor- 

flower. 

Londun 

lune, 

I732(/);    pur- 

Nov., 

ney,    died    at 

KS04, 

1729  W; 

ser   ot    H..\1.S. 

1721 

Troughend  ; 

aged  85, 

bur.   31st 

Aguiio  ;  died  at 

(<.). 

buried       l6th 

s.p.] 

Oct.  1730 

Exeter,        16th 

June,l767(^). 

W- 

Sept.,  J775. 

John  Eaton  Boutflower  of  Great 
Tower  Street,  London,  afterwards 
of  Exeter;  born  1759;  died 
1840  s.p. 


Dorothy,  daughter  of 
Edward  Boutflowei  of 
Gray's  Inn;  died  1S34. 


I      I 
Mary,  bap.  5th  Dec,  1 732  (a); 

mar.  2ist  Sept.   174S,  hdw. 

liouinowcrof  Gray'slnn(a); 

died  1803. 
Dorothy,    bapt.    16th    March, 

1733  (/);    mar.  13th  Dec, 

1764,   Thomas    Bennett    of 

Morpeth  (/>). 

Anne,  married  William  Boutflower  of  Gray's  Inn. 
Elizabeth,  mar.  Thomas  Davy  of  Ottery  ;  died  1861. 
Eleanor   Ogle,    married    Bennett   of   Morpeth,  and 
died  June,  1S20,  aged  46. 


Edward  Boutflower,  one  of  the  Clerks  i 
to  Gray's  Inn  (.v),  Slh  March,  1771  ; 
1785  ;  proved.  Prerogative  Court  of 


n  Chancery,  admitted 
will  dated  15th  July, 
Canterbury,  1786. 


Mary,  daughter  of  John  Boutflower, 
of  Riding-mill,  married  2Ist  Sept., 
1748  («);  died  1803. 


Mary,  buried 
14th  Feb., 
1731  (/)■ 


I 
Ann  Bennett,  =  William  Boutflower,  =  Anne  Bout- 
died  1797.  admitted  to  Gray's  flower,died 
Inn,      l6th      Jan.,  1833. 
1 789(3;);  died  1 81 5  i./. 


I 
John    Edward    Boutflower,  ad- 
mitted   to    Gray's    Inn    4th 
July,  17S6  ;  youngest  son  (.v)  ; 
died  unmarried  1789. 


Eleanor. 
Mary  Judith. 
Dorothy,    married     John 
Eaton  Boutflower. 


William  Boutflower  of  Apper- 
ley,  grandson  and  heir,  bapt. 
19th  Dec,  1710  (ij) ;  mar.  ist 
Aug.,  1732  (m);  bur.  1st 
April,  1758(3')  ;  will  dated 
24th  June,   1756. 


=  Isabel  Fewster  ;  she 
re-mar.  8th  April, 
177 1  (/),  William 
Bertram,  and  was 
buried  2gth  May, 
1 78 1  («)• 


Elizabeth,  bapt.    2nd   September,    1712    (u)  ;     bur.    29th  April, 

I7i8(.). 
Barbara,    bapt.    28th   July,    1714    («)  ;    mar.    nth    May,    1749, 

Thomas  Marshall  of  Blanchland  (/). 
Dorothy,    bapt.    28th    March,    1717(a);     mar.   8th    July,    1736, 

Elrington  Reed  of  Troughend  (/)  ;  died  1762. 


I 
Thomas  Boutflower  of 

Apperley,  and  after- 
wards of  Riding-mill, 
baptised  14th  May, 
1733  («) ;  buried 
5th  September,  1773 
{a). 


Wi  lliam  Boutflower  of 
Riding-mill,  bapt. 
6th  Jan.,  1740  (a)  ; 
raar.i7th  Nov., 1768 
(3)  ;  buried  2nd 
July,  1776  (/•)  ;  will 
dated  1776. 


Elizabeth  Job- 
ling  ;  she  re- 
mar.  31st  Dec. 
177s  (/),  An- 
thony Fewster 
of  Ebchester, 
surgeon. 


I 
Robert  Bout- 
flower, bapt. 
I  ith  January, 
1742  (a);  bur. 
28th  .•\pril, 
1767  («). 


John  Boutflower  of: 
Newcastle,  mer- 
chant, baptised  Slh 
February,  1750  («); 
buried  gth  March, 
1783  (0- 


Isabel    Boutflower,  daughter  and    co-heiress, 

buried  3rd  July,  1787  (r). 
Dorothy  Boutflower,  daughter  and  co-heiress, 

baptised   i8th  July,  1776  (/)  ;   buried  5th 

June,  I797(')- 


r 


Mary  Rowel, 
mar.  19th 
Mar.,  1774 
(^)  ;  buried 
15th  March, 
1783  (0- 


Henrietta  Boutflower,  baptised  l6th  August,  1778  (/)  ;  cousin  and 
heiress  of  Dorothy  Boutflower  of  Riding-mill  ;  married  Edward 
Bennet  of  Morpeth,  who,  in  1825,  sold  his  wife's  lands  at 
Riding-mill  ;  died  at  Morpeth  25th  January,  1859. 


Dorothy,  baptised  22nd  January,  1734  (a)  ;  married  21st  June,  1763  (a),  Reginald  Gibson  of  Low  Hall,  Corbridge. 

Margaret,  baptised  31st  December,  1736  (a)  ;  married  27th  October,  1760  (n),  Anthony  Harrison  of  Ebchester. 

Sarah,  baptised  1st  December,  1738  (a)  ;  living  unmarried  1758. 

Isabel, baptised  27th  .March,  1745  (a)  ;  married  2i5t  November,  1768  (s),  Wilkinson  Johnson  of  Medomsley. 

Barbara,  baptised  26th  .April,  1747  (a)  ;    married  15th  January,  1775  (g),  .Anthony  Fewster  of  Ebchester. 

Mary,  baptised  2Ist  February,  1753  (a)  ;  married  3rd  April,  1781  (h),  Nicholas  Thornton  of  Haydon. 

Elizabeth,  baptised  6th  July,  1755  (a),  of  Blackhall-mill  ;  died  unmarried,  1779. 


(a)  Bywili  St.  Peter  Registers. 

l/))  Witton  Gilhert  Register. 

(e)  Eelani  Register. 

((/)  St.  Xicholm  Register,  Newcastle. 

{e)  Durham  Cathedral  Register. 

(/ )  BywellSl.  A  ndrew  Register  and  M.  I. 

(.?)  Eiichester  Register. 

(_h)  Bishop  Middleham  Register. 

(_/")  Shotlev  Register, 


(/f )  Taiifield  Register. 

(/)  St.  Oswald's  Register,  Durham. 

(m')  lameslev  Register, 

(fi)  Corhridge  Register. 

{p)  Hexhatn  Register. 

(fi)  .Morpeth  Register. 

(y)  Ehdon  Register. 

(r)  Whittonstall  Register. 

(j)  .Medomsley  Register. 

*  This  pedigree  has,  with  some  additions  by  the  editor,  been  constructed  by  the  Rev.  D.  S.  Boutflower,  vicar  of  Monkwear- 
mouth,  who  represents  a  cadet  line  of  the  Apperley  family,  being  a  descendant  of  Marmaduke  Boutflower  of  Gosport. 


(/)  All  Saints'  Register,  Newcastle. 
(k)  34//;  Report  0/  Deputy  Keeper  of  Public 
Records,^.  222,  and  37th  Report,  p.  I4I. 
(y)  Hodgson,      S'orthumlieriand,      pt.     ii. 

vol.  i.  p.  256. 
iw)  Raine,  Test.  Ehor. 
(.v)  Foster,  Admissions  to  Gray's  Inn. 
(  v)  Durham  Wills  and  Inventories,  Green- 
well,  p   35. 


TEMPLE    HEALEY   TOWNSHIP.  Ibg 

TOWNSHIP   OF  TEMPLE   HEALEY. 

The  township  of  Temple  Healey,  or  Healey,  as  it  is  more  commonly 
called,  comprises  an  area  of  2181  acres,  including  a  detached  portion  of  21 
acres,  and  forms  one  estate.  It  is  watered  by  the  Reaston  and  Healey  burns, 
which,  after  joining  at  Healey  Cleugh,  together  form  the  March  burn,  which, 
under  the  name  of  the  Riding  mill  burn,  joins  the  Tyne  at  Riding  mill. 
The  old  manor  corn  mill  stood  upon  the  Reaston  burn,  but  nearly  the  whole 
of  the  township  is  now  either  pasture  or  wood.  Six  hundred  acres  were 
planted,  chiefly  with  larch,  between  1816  and  1827.'  In  igoi  there  was  a 
population  of  85.^ 

Although  not  specifically  mentioned  in  the  Testa  de  Nevill  as  a  member 
of  the  barony  of  Baliol,  it  is  in  every  way  probable  that  Healey  was  given  to 
the  Knights  Templars  by  one  of  the  lords  of  that  munificent  house,  and  in 
the  inquisition  taken  in  1268,  on  the  death  of  John  de  Baliol,  it  is  stated  that 
it  was  held  of  him  by  the  preceptor  of  Thornton,  who  paid  2s.  for  all 
services." 

In  reply  to  a  writ  de  quo  tvarrantn  brought  against  them  at  the  assizes 
held  at  Newcastle  in  1294,  the  Templars  claimed  the  liberties  of  infangentheif, 
outfangentheif,  gallows,  freedom  from  all  fines  and  amerciaments,  suit  of  courts 
and  wapentake,  tallage,  lastage,  stallage,  and  all  tolls  in  all  fairs  and  markets, 
passage  and  pontage  by  sea  and  land,  and  to  have  felons'  and  fugitives'  goods, 
waif  and  assize  of  bread  and  ale  in  all  their  towns.*  The  jury  found  that  they 
had  purchased  no  lands  in  the  county  since  Henry  the  Third,  in  1253,  had 
granted  them  their  charter  of  liberties  ;  they  were  not  seised  of  waif  and 
outfangentheif;  the  jury  did  not  know  they  were  allowed  in  the  exchequer 
the  goods  of  felons  and  fugitives,  but  they  had  enjoyed  all  the  other  liberties 
and  assize  of  bread  and  ale  beyond  all  memory.'' 

On  the  suppression  of  the  Order  of  the  Templars,  in  1308,  their  lands  at 
Healey,  Corbridge,  and  other  places  were  taken  into  the  king's  hands,*  and 

'  Parson  and  White,  Durham  and  Novtliuiiibcrland,  vol.  ii.  p.  565.  Mr.  Robert  Onnston  (bom,  1789  ; 
died,  1882)  saw  the  trees  planted  and  grow  up;  he  felled  most  of  them  and  replanted  the  ground.  The 
receipts  for  timber  sold  off  the  estate  during  his  lifetime  amounted  to  ^56,000.  Ex  inf.  Rev.  Anthony 
Johnson. 

^The  Census  Returns  are  :  1801,  51  ;  iSi  i,  59  ;  1821,  49  ;  1831,  54  ;  1841,  65  ;  1851,67  ;  1861,  71  ; 
1871,94;   1881,106;   1891,96;   1901,85. 

^  Inq.  p.m.  John  de  Balliol,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43.     Cf.  Inq.  p.m.  Hug.  de  Balliol,  55  Hen.  III.  No.  33. 

*  Placita  de  quo  warranto.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  162. 

"  Sheriff's  Accounts,  1308-1309.     Arch.  Ael.  vol.  xvii.  p.  43. 

Vol.  VI.  ?2 


IJO  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI-I.    ST.    PETER. 

seem  to  have  been  shortly  afterwards  granted  to  the  Knii,dits  Hospitallers,' 
who  retained  possession  until  the  general  suppression  of  religious  houses, 
when  they  were  resumed  by  the  Crown. 

Hele  Muster  Roi.i,,  iS38' 
John  Hurd,  Richard  Swynborn  ;  ,iblc  with  hois  and  hanies. 

In  1550  two  third  parts  of  the  vill  were  held  by  Sir  Cuthbert  RadclyfTe, 
knight,  at  the  rent  of  53s.  4d.  a  year,  to  be  paid  half-yearly  at  Lady-day 
and  Michaelmas  ;  the  remaining  third  part  was  held  by  John  Ord,  who 
paid  26s.  8d.  a  year  at  the  same  terms."* 

On  May  2nd,  1553,  certain  lands  lately  belonging  to  the  preceptorv  of 
Mount  St.  John  in  Yorkshire  were  granted  to  Sir  John  Widdrington  of 
Widdrington,  knight,  and  Cuthbert  Musgrave  of  Harbottle,  esquire.  The 
consideration  paid  was  ^756  is.  5-|d.  and  the  premises  granted  comprised, 
with  other  estates,  the  two  parts  of  Temple  Helaye  in  the  occupation  of  Sir 
Cuthbert  Radcliffe,  knight,  and  the  remaining  third  part  in  the  occupation 
of  John  Orde  ;  they  were  to  be  held  of  the  king  as  of  the  manor  of  East 
Greenwich  by  fealty,  in  free  socage  and  not  in  chief.^ 

Healey  does  not  appear  in  any  of  the  various  enumerations  of  Sir  John 
Widdrington's  estates,  and  it  is  possible  that  he  may  have  purchased  as  a 
trustee  for  his  kinsman,  John  Widdrington,  whose  will  made  on  February 

4th,  1 570/ 1,  is  preserved  in  the  probate  registry  at  Durham. 

ft 

1570,  February  4th.  Will  of  John  Widdrington  of  Temple  Helay.  My  boddye  to  be  buried  within 
my  parishe  churche  of  Bywell  Peter  with  all  things  therunto  belonginge.  To  James,  William,  Graice  and 
Urssalay  Shaftoo,  childringe  unto  Ranold  Sliaftoo,  my  sonne  in  law,  foure  oxen  and  twoo  kye  with  th' 
encrease  of  the  said  twoo  kyen  untill  this  day,  all  which  said  oxen  and  kyen  are  now  already  goinge  with 
the  said  Ranolde  ther  father.  I  geve  unto  Robert  Blaikden,  my  sonne  in  lawe,  one  oxe  w-hich  is  at  Blaikden, 
and  to  itche  one  of  his  childeringe  one  yeue  and  a  lame.  I  geve  unto  John  Lawson,  sonne  unto  Edwarde 
Lawson  of  Bywell,  my  sonne  in  lawe,  and  to  Jaune,  Annes,  Elizabethe,  and  Katrone  Law-son,  his  sisters, 
6s.  8d.  each.  I  geve  unto  my  three  doughters,  Elizabethe,  Margrete,  and  Annesse  Widdrington, 
XX  marks  apiece  out  of  my  leasse  of  the  parsonige  of  Hartburne  at  the  dais  of  there  maridge.  I  will  that 
Annes  Widdrington,  my  wifile,  have  the  thred  parte  of  my  land  in  Tetnple  Helay  and  ^4  in  nioonye  yercly 
paid  out  of  leasse  of  Hartburne  churche  during  hir  widow  heaid  and  also  the  thride  parte  of  all  my  goods 
moveable,  and  if  it  shall  forton  my  said  wiffe  to  niarrye  any  other  man  then  I  will  that  she  shall  have 
26s.  8d.  yerely  out  of  my  lands  in  Temple  Helay  without  any  more.     To  my  sone  James  Widdrington  all 

'  Healey  is  not  noticed  in  the  extent  of  the  Hospitallers'  lands  made  in  1338.  Report  of  Prior  Pliilip 
de  Thame,  p.  133.     Camden  Soc.  Pub.  No.  65. 

-  Arch.  A  el.  quarto  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  178. 

=  Ministers'  Accounts,  4-5  Edw.  VI.  Compotus  of  the  bailiff  of  the  Northumbrian  possessions  of  the 
preceptory  of  Mount  .St.  John  in  Yorkshire.     Arch.  Act.  vol.  xvii.  p.  277. 

*  Pat,  Rolls,  7  Edw.  \T.  pt.  ii. 


TEMPLE    HEALEY    TOWNSHIP.  1 71 

my  lands  in  tSlaikden,  the  third  parte  of  my  leasse  of  Hartburne  church  and  my  leasse  of  the  manerr  and 
township  of  Halhden';  remainder  to  Roberte  Widdrington  my  sonne  and  heaire.  I  geve  to  my  said  son 
Roberta  Widdrington  all  my  lands  in  Temple  Helay  and  in  Mytforthe,  my  leasse  of  Whitsidelaw"  and  the 
other  tvvoo  parts  of  my  lease  of  Hartburne  churche.  To  Thomas  Sympson  of  Ulgham  xs  as  a  token.  To 
Thomas  Chirden,  sonne  of  John  Shirden,  dissesed,  serten  goods  which  I  had  of  his  father  John  Chirden 
at  his  deathe.  To  my  sonne  in  lawe,  Robert  Blaikden,  one  farmhold  or  tennement  in  Blaikden  accordinge 
to  my  gifte  and  promes.  I  will  that  my  daughter  Dorathye,  wife  unto  Ranolde  Shaftoo,  have  yerely 
duringe  hir  liffe  naturall  one  pease  of  a  teithe  in  Hartburne  parish  for  a  reasonable  rent  painge,  or  els  she 
to  have  yerely  of  my  sonne  Robert  Widdrington  sexe  bowles  of  come,  and  of  my  sonne  James  Widdring- 
ton yerely  three  bowles  of  corne  tow-ards  the  findinge  of  hir  housse.  My  twoo  sonnes,  Roberte  and  James 
Widdrington,  and  my  wife  Annes,  executors,  chairginge  them  as  they  will  ansswere  before  the  faice.  of 
Almightty  God  to  se  the  reste  of  my  childringe  vertusly  brought  upp,  my  legasis  paid  and  my  boddye  to 
be  orderly  brought  to  the  earthe,  and  to  distribute  to  the  poore  for  my  soull  as  they  shall  thinke  meatt." 
Inventory  of  the  goods  of  John  Widdrington,  2oth  February,  1 570/1.  Imprimis  21  oxen,  price  ^21  ; 
20  kyen,  ^12  13s.  4d. ;  8  younge  stoits  and  6  younge  quies,  £■; ;  10  yerelinge  steirks,  33s.  4d.,  8  score  and 
7  sheipe,  ^16  14s.;  a  greseld  meare,  26s.  8d. ;  10  hyves  of  beis,  20s.;  wheate  and  rye  sowne  upon  the 
grounde,  25  acres,  ^6;  waines,  plowes,  and  plewe  gere,  40s.;  plaite,  napperye,  and  othere  lyninge, 
^8  los. ;  beddinge,  vessell  and  other  stufte  within  the  housse,  ^20.     Summa  totalis,  £qj  17s.  4d.' 

Although  the  testator  left  two  sons,  Healey  seems  to  have  passed  into 
the  possession  of  his  grandson,  John  Lawson  of  Byvvell,  before  the  year  1608, 
and  soon  after  that  time*  it  was  acquired  by  the  family  of  Sanderson,  who 
continued  to  hold  it  for  several  generations. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  1649.  .A  true  particular  of  the  estate  of  John  .Saunderson  of  Heley,  in  the 
county  of  Northumberland,  gentleman,  upon  which  hee  was  fined  for  his  delinqucncye.  Hee  is  seized  in 
fee  of  and  in  a  messuage  or  tenement  called  Hely  aforesaid,  worth  per  annum,  before  these  vvarrs,  ^30. 
Hee  is  seized  of  a  like  estate  of  and  in  foure  farmes  in  High  Fawtherley  and  Lowe  Fawtherley  in  the 
county  aforesaid,  worth  per  annum,  before  these  warrs,  ^10.  Hee  is  seized  of  a  like  estate  of  and  in  a 
tenement  in  Dotland,  worth  per  annum,  before  these  warrs,  ^5.  Total,  ^45.  Hee  hath  allowed  : — for 
fee  farme  rent,  payable  out  of  Fawtherley  aforesaid,  to  the  Crown  £2  5s.  ;  a  fee  farnie  rent  out  of 
Heley,  per  annum,  2s.  ;  a  fee  farme  rent  out  of  the  tenement  of  Dotland  aforesaid,  per  annum,  8s.  4d. 
The  compounder  was  fined  at  a  sixth,  /126  14s.'' 

In  1663  William  and  Thomas  Sanderson  were  assessed  for  lands  at 
Healey,  Fotherley,  Lingfield,  Slaley,  Dotland,  Blackball,  Staward,  and 
'  Maskennell ' '  at  sums  amounting  to  £\']\  per  annum.*  In  1675  Mr. 
William  Sanderson  was  rated  on  9  chimneys  for  the  hearth  ta.x." 

The  inventory  of  Mr.  William  Sanderson's  goods  was  taken  on 
February  30th,  1676/7,  and  is  as  follows'": 

'  CJ.  vol.  iv.  of  this  work,  p.  240.  -  C/.  vol.  iv.  of  this  work,  p.  301. 

^  Durham  Wills  ami  Inventories,  Raine,  vol.  i.  p.  320 ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  2.  '  Ibid.  vol.  i.  p.  322. 

^  John  Sanderson  of  Hely,  gent.,  is  mentioned  in  a  list  of  freeholders  in  1638.  Arch.  Ael.  4to 
series,  vol  ii.  p.  323.  «  Com.  for  Compounding,  vol.  '  G,'  227,  p.  887.     Cf.  Cal.  Com.  for  Comp.  p.  202. 

'  There  is  a  farm  called  Moss  Kennels  in  the  parish  of  Warden,  adjoining  the  Military  Road, 
formerly  Dryden's  for  some  generations,  and  sold  to  Mr.  John  Clayton  in  1S79.  ^->'  '"f-  Mi'-  L.  C. 
Lockhart.  s  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  334.  °  Subsidy  Rolls,  -}j§. 

'"  Durham  Probate  Registry. 


172  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

His  purse,  apparell,  and  horse,  .£20;  8  oxen,  £28  ;  18  kine,  £40;  one  year  old  bull,  £1  los.  ; 
4  stotts,  £7  ;  2  heffers,  £;i;  7  stirkes,  /;  ;  10  young  calves,  £2  los.  ;  one  old  graye  mare  and  one 
galloway,  ^5  ;  4  draught  horses,  £6  ;  73  ewes  and  lambs,  /;2i  ;  27  eilil  ewes,  £7  ;  77  sheep  hogcs,  /14  ; 
74  geld  sheepc,  £2}  los.  ;  40  bowles  of  oats,  ^12  ;  2  bowles  and  one  bushell  of  bigg,  ^i  ;  one  stacke 
of  rey  vallued  .at  15  bowles,  £6  ;  wane,  geese,  and  implements  thereto  belonging,  ^4.     ;{"2o8   los. 

In  the  best  chamber :  one  bedsteed,  one  fether  bed,  one  boulster,  2  pillowes,  3  blankctts,  a  counter 
painc,  courelings  and  vallance,  one  looking  glass,  one  great  chare,  2  little  chares,  3  stoules,  and  one 
little  table,  £10. 

In  the  midle  roumc :  one  beedstecd,  one  fether  bed,  one  boulster,  2  pillowes,  3  blanketts,  a  counter 
paine,  courtemg  and  vallance,  one  pare  of  drawers,  one  great  chaire,  2  little  ones,  3  stoules,  one  looking 
glass  and  hangeings  of  carsey,  £8. 

In  the  broad  chamber :  2  bedsteads,  2  fether  beeds,  2  boulsters,  4  pillowes,  6  bl.anketts,  one  rugg  and 
one  counter  pane,  2  pare  of  curteings  and  vallance,  one  truckle  beeds,  one  chaire  and  one  stoule,  £(\ 

In  the  nursery  :  4  bedsteeds,  2  fether  beeds,  2  flocke  beede,  4  paire  of  blanketts,  4  boulsters,  4  cover- 
cloths,  4  happeings,  ^6. 

In  the  closett :  one  cubord  and  2  paire  of  drawers,  £2. 

In  the  garrett  chamber  :  one  beedsteed,  one  fether  beed,  one  pare  of  blankctts,  one  boulster,  2  pillowes, 
one  rugg,  one  little  table,  2  stoules,  £2  los. 

In  the  sarvanlts'  chamber :  2  beedsteads,  2  flock  beeds,  2  corner  clothes  (sic),  2  boulsters,  and  2 
happeings,  ^i    los. 

In  the  parkr :  one  dosen  of  Turkey  worke  chares,  one  table  and  carpett,  with  carsey  hangeings,  ^5. 

In  the  hall:  2  tables,  one  dosen  of  lether  chairs,  £1   los.  ;  table  lining  and  sheets,  ;/^2o. 

In  the  hitching :  puter  and  brass  and  3  tables,  ^15  ;  a  brewing  vessall,  meike  boules  and  skeles,  £5. 

One  silver  cann  and  one  dosen  of  silver  spoons,  ^8.  One  bond  of  Mr.  Thomas  Wrayes,  £iS  ; 
three  bonds  of  £2^,  per  bond,  £75  ;  total,  ^180.     The  gross  sumone  in  ail  comes  to  £389  los. 

The  Sandersons  took  the  losing  side  in  the  Rebellion  of  171 5,  and  a 
warrant'  was  issued  for  the  apprehension  of  William  Sanderson  of  Healey; 
he  was  taken  prisoner,  but  escaped  from  Chester."  In  1745  the  name  of 
George  Sanderson^  of  Healey,  gentleman,  aged  forty-five  years,  appears  in 
a  list  of  '  reputed  papists  and  nonjurors  within  the  east  division  of  Tindale 
Ward.' ' 

'  Sessions  Records.  '  Bates,  History  of  Northumberland  (1895),  p.  261. 

^  7th  September,  1717.  George  Sanderson  of  Errington,  as  a  Roman  Catholic,  registers  an  annuity 
of  £80  per  annum,  charged  on  Healey,  payable  to  himself  for  life,  and  then  to  Elizabeth,  his  wife, 
secured  by  a  deed  dated  20th  October,  1696,  made  between  (l)  Barbara  Sanderson  of  Healy,  widow 
of  William  Sanderson  of  Healey,  gentleman,  him,  the  said  George  Sanderson,  and  William  Sanderson, 
the  younger,  his  brother,  and  (2)  William  Widdrington,  son  and  heir  apparent  of  Ralph  Widdrington 
of  Cheeseburn  Grange,  &c.  ;  (3)  Salvin  and  Johnson.  .4nd  also  by  another  deed  dated  12th  February, 
1712/3,  made  between  (l)  the  said  (jeorge  Sanderson  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  the  said  William 
Sanderson,  the  brother,  Barbara  Sanderson,  widow,  (2)  William  Fenwick  of  Bywell  and  William 
Sanderson,  the  elder  of  Greenside,  in  the  county  of  Durham,  and  (3)  Sir  Reginald  Graham  of  Norton 
Conyers.     Roman  Catholic  Registers  at  Moot  Hall,  Newcastle. 

August  1st,  1747.  George  Sanderson  of  Healy  conveyed  his  estate  to  his  trustees  in  trust  for  the 
payment  of  his  debts  and  to  provide  for  the  education  of  his  children.  Deeds  enrolled  at  Quarter 
Sessions  in  the  custody  of  the  Clerk  of  the  Peace. 

'  Sessions  Records.  The  names  of  George  Sanderson  of  Errington,  gentleman,  with  an  estate  ol  ^380 
per  annum,  and  of  William  Saunderson  of  Healey,  gentleman,  with  an  estate  of  ^168  per  annum,  appear 
in  Cosin's  List  of  Catholic  Non-jurors,  1715,  ed.  1862,  pp.  86,  90. 

'The  Chevalier  in  all  appearance  had  little  reason  to  expect  any  considerable  assistance  from  his 
friends  there  [Lancashire]  if  held  in  the  same  light  with  those  in  Northumberland,  where  only  two 
gentlemen  [Mr.  Sanderson  and  Mr.  Taylor]  joined  him.'  Memorials  of  John  Murray  of  Broughton,  ed.  by 
R.  F.  Bell,  Edinburgh,  i8g8,  p.  244. 


TEMPLE    HEALEY   TOWNSHIP. 


173 


SANDERSON    OF   HEALEY.* 


John  Sanderson  of  Healey  who  purchased  Staward  in  1635,  purchased  lands  in  Corbridge,  1641  (/)  ;  ; 
was  fined  for  delinquency  in  1649,  and  in  1659  answered  for  lands  at  Dotland  at  the  Court  of  Hexham  (/). 


William   Sanderson  of  Healey  was  =Barbara.  dau.  of  George 


assessed  in  1663  for  lands 
Healey,  Folherlev,  Lingeyfield, 
Slaley,  Dotland,  Blackball,  and 
Staward  :  sold  Staward  in  1664  : 
buried  at  Rothbury  isth  Feb., 
1676/7  (0- 


Selby  of  Whitehouse, 
CO.  Durham  («)  ;  bond 
of  marriage,  loth  Jan., 
1665  ;  living  12th  Feb., 
1712/3  ;  buried  12th 
Sept.,  1714(0)- 


■  I 
Thomas  Sanderson,  to  whom  his  = 
father  by  deed  dated  loth 
Nov.,  1653,  gave  lands  at 
Blackball,  and  Easter  and 
Wester  Steel,  in  the  regality 
of  He.xhara,  was  rated  in  1663, 
for  Blackball  and  Steelhall. 


^[?  Eleanor  ;  bur. 
I  March,  1697/8 
\      (")•] 

Dorothy  [dau.  of 
John  Hodgson  of 
Manor  -  house, 
Lanchester  (/)]  ; 
party  to  a  surren- 
der of  lands  19th 
March,  1671   (/(■). 


John  Sanderson  of 
Healey,  son  and 
heir,  died  unmar. 
(a)  ;  will  dated 
i6th  July,  1694, 
proved  1695  Qrn). 


I 


I 


George  Sanderson  :=  Elizabeth,     William  Sanderson,  third  =  Elizabeth    Charlton    of 


of  Healey  was 
residing  at  Er- 
rington  in  1717, 
1726,  and  was  liv. 
s./i.  (ff)  ;  bur.  6th 
Mar.,  1757  (/))(o). 


dau.  of 
Leyburn 
of  'West- 
moreland 
(a);  bur. 
23rdAug. 
1845  (c). 


son  (a)  ;  living  1700 
(«)  at  Cheeseburn 
grange;  was  out  in  '15, 
succeeded  his  brother 
4th   Feb.,  1726/7. 


Hesleyside  (a)  ;  mar. 
from  the  Lambshield, 
at  He.xham,  .... 
170000  ;  liv.  4th  Feb., 
1726/7;  dead  before  7th 
May  1748  (A) ;  buried 
23rd  Aug.,  1734  (o). 


'I 
Clare,  an  Aus- 
tin nun  at 
Bruges  (a)  ; 
named  in  the 
will  of  her 
brother  John. 


George  Sanderson  of  =  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  William  Widdrington  of  Cheese-  John  Sanderson,  second  son   (a);    as  'brother 

Healey,    son    and  burn  grange  (a)  and  sister  and  co-heir  of  Ralph       german'  of  George  Sanderson  of  Healey,  party 

heir  («)  ;   bur.  31st  Widdrington,  of  the  same   place  {/i)  ;    bond  of       to  the  marriage  settlement,  dated  28th  March, 

Oct.,  1763  (0).  marriage,  23rd  Oct.,  1725;  post-nuptial  settle-        1752,  of  Robert  Carnegy  and  Helen,  daughter 

ment,  4th  Feb.,  1726/7  ;  bur.  23rd  Aug.,  1734  (o)-       of  Philip  Hodgson  of  tone  (/). 


r 


Clementina 
'Entick'(?), 
named  in 
the  will  of 
Miss  .Mar- 
garet Hodg- 
son of  Tone 
(/);  bur. 
30th  Sept., 
1800,  aged 
82  years  (0). 


William  Sander- 
son of  Healey 
(/<) ;  living  at 
Felton  in  1776 
(>-) ;  living  26th 
April,  1783, 
when  he  mort- 
gaged his  man- 
or and  lands  of 
TempleHealey; 
died  at  Merry- 
shields;  bur. 2nd 
Apr.,  1805,  aged 
80  years  (0). 

William  Sanderson  of  Healey,  bapt. 
7th  March,  1759  (c),  who  assumed 
the  name  of  Hodgson  on  succeed- 
ing to  Tone,  under  the  will  of 
Miss  Margaret  Hodgson  in  17S3 
(/)  ;  made  an  assignment  to  his 
creditors,  27th  June,  1812  (/'), 
and  sought  refuge  at  Holyrood  ; 


I 
George 
Sander- 
son of 
New- 
castle, 
uphol- 
sterer 


I 
Ralph  Sander- 
son, living  at 
Swinburn  cas- 
tle (/'),  after- 
wards at  Tone, 
and  named  in 
the  will  of 
Miss  Margaret 
Hodgson,  24th 
Oct.,l783{/); 
died  at  Tone ; 
bur. 4th  Sept., 
1801,  aged  67 
(«)  (")• 


Thomas  Sanderson  lived  at 
Healey  (i5)  ;  living  19th 
Oct.,  1762  {i)  [?  some- 
time at  Cheeseburn 
grange ;  if  so,  his  wife's 
name  was  Elizabeth,  and 
their  children,  George, 
born  nth  July,  1771,  and 
Mary,  born  3rd  Sept.,  1 773, 
were  bapt.  at  Qieeseburn 
grange  (c)] ;  died  at  Broom- 
haugh,4th  Jan.,  1800,  aged 
63  («)  (c). 


III!     .  _ 

Mary,  marned  John  Ellison  of 
Hassocks  (/<)  ;  mar\  at  Slaley, 
30th  Dec,  1751  (^);  both 
living  4th  June,  1754  (^) ; 
bur.  15th  Feb.,  1789  (0). 

Elizabeth,  mar.  John  Leighton 
of  Healey  (/;). 

Barbara,  mar.  William  Wilkin- 
son of  the  Lee  (/;)  ;  both  liv- 
ing 6th  May,  1760  (/;). 

Anne,  mar.  George  Storey  of 
Sturton  -  grange  ((5)  ;  both 
living  2i5t  Sept.,  1765  (/;). 


died  at 


Calais,  J4th   May,   1820 


Margaret  Eleanor,  dau.  of 
Bacon  Wastell,  and 
granddaughter  of 
Henry  Wastell,  rector  of 
Simondburn  ;  mar.  at 
Chollerton,  i6th  June, 
i784,post-nuptialsettle- 
ment,  23rd  April,  1798  ; 
died  1863  ;  bur.  Carlisle 
cemetery  (j). 


I 
John 
Sander- 
son, 
second 
son, 
bapt. 


^  Dorothy,  dau. 
and  co-heir  of 
Thomas  Daw- 
son of  Tan- 
field  (/^);  mar. 
at  St.  And- 
rew's,Newcas- 
tle, 27th  July, 
1788. 


I     I 

Elizabeth,  bapt.  loth 
Nov.  1754  (c) ;  died 
at  Cheeseburn  grange, 
bur.  3rd  Aug.  1761  (f). 

Frances, bapt,  nth  .Vlaich, 
1 7  5  7  (c) ;  died  at  Cheese- 
burn grange;  bur.  nth 
April,  1759(0- 

Elizabeth,  bur.  nth  Nov., 
1782  (o> 


I  I 

William  Sanderson  of  Stockton,  attorney  ((J).     John  Thomas  Sanderson  (/<). 

*  About  the  year  :66o  the  Sandersons  of  Healey  had  money  dealings  with 
the-Forest,  from  whom  they  may  possibly  be  descended. 


(rt)  Brit.  Mus.  Ad,/.  MS.,  8942,  p.  5. 
li)  Bell  Collection,  vols.  374,  388,  418. 
(c)  Stamfovtiham  Register, 
i^ti')  Hexham  Megrs/er. 
(*-)  Rothbury  Register. 
(/)  Cf.  vol.  iv.   of  this  work,  pp.  41, 
46,  298,  299. 


(.f)  Slaley  Register. 

(Ji')  Cheeseburn-grange  Deeds. 

(/)  Duke  of  Northumberland's  MSS. 

(/•)  Rev.   John    Hodgson's  Collection, 

'.■\,'  p.  65-69,  'W,'  p.  263. 
(/n)  Durham  Probate  Registry, 
(b)  M.L  Bywell  St.  Peter. 


II  I  I  . 

Mary      Dorothy      Clementina      Maria 

the  family  of  Sanderson  of  Hutton-in- 

(0)  Bywell  St.  Peter  Registers. 

(/)  iVewcastle  Courant,  I2th  March,  1757. 

(r)  Sessions  Records. 

{s)  Ex  inf.  Mrs.Wm.  Forster  of  Houghton- 

hall,  Carlisle,  July,  1901. 
(/)  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  319. 


174 


THK    PARISH    OF    BYWEM,   ST.    PETER. 


Evidences  to  Sanderson  Pedigree. 

1694,  '(>^^  J"'y-  ^^'"  °f  John  Sanderson  of  Healey,  gentleman.  To  my  dear  brother,  William  Sanderson, 
£()0  a  year  out  of  the  income  of  Healey,  a/ias  Temple  Hely,  High  and  Low  Fauderley,  Lingyfield  house,  Slealey, 
and  my  part  of  the  tythes  of  the  rectory  or  parcel  of  Holly-stone  and  Allenton.  To  my  sister,  Clara  Sanderson, 
/200.  All  my  personal  estate  to  my  dear  mother,  Barbary  Sanderson,  she  executrix.  Proved  1695.  Durham 
Probate  Rtgistry. 

4th  February,  1726/7.  Indenture  between  (O  William  Sanderson  of  Healey,  gentleman,  (2)  George  Sanderson 
of  the  same  place  (eldest  son  and  heir  apparent  of  the  said  William  Sanderson),  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  (3)  William 
Sanderson  of  .Vrmathwaite,  Cumberland,  esq.,  (4)  John  Penwick  of  Bywell  and  William  Poller  of  Hawkwell,  (5)  Sir 
Christopher  Musgrave  of  Eden  hall  and  William  Wrightson  of  Cusworth,  (6)  Nicholas  Fenwick  of  Newcastle,  and 
Charles  Clark  of  Gray's  Inn;  being  a  settlement  after  the  marriage  of  George  Sanderson  with  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
William  Widdrington  and  sister  of  Ralph  Widdrington  of  Cheeseburn  grange,  whereby  Temple  Heley  and  the  water 
corn  mill,  Scotchwood  and  Horselee  close  were  conveyed  to  trustees  to  secure  a  jointure  to  the  said  Elizabeth,  whose 
portion  was  /l,500.  The  estate  was  subject  to  a  mortgage  of  £yxi  held  by  William  Sanderson  of  Armathwaite,'  and 
to  an  annuity  of  /40  to  George  Sanderson  (brother  of  William  Sanderson  of  Healey),  and  to  Elizabeth,  wife  of  the 
faid  George  ;  John,  second  son  of  William  Sanderson  of  Healey,  is  named.  Deids  euro/led  al  Quarter  Sessions  in 
the  Custody  of  the  Clerk  of  the  Peace. 

William  Sanderson,  in  1784,  obtained  the  estates  of  the  Hodgsons  of 
Tone  under  the  will  of  Miss  Margaret  Hodgson,-  but  falling  into  financial 
difBculties,  he  was  compelled  to  convey  the  estates  so  acquired,  and  also 
his  patrimonial  inheritance,  to   Edward  Charlton  of  Sandhoe  and  William 

Witham  of  Durham,  by 
deeds  dated  26th  and 
27th  June,  18 1 2,  as  trus- 
tees for  the  benefit  of  his 
creditors.  Healey,  as  ad- 
vertised for  sale  in  18 16, 
was  stated  to  comprise  an 
estate  of  1603  acres  of 
arable,  meadow,  pasture 
and  wood  lands,  together  with  666  acres,  being  allotments  on  Broomley 
common,  then  staked  out  and  adjoining.^  It  was  purchased  by  Mr.  Robert 
Ormston  of  Newcastle  for  the  sum  of  _2^  22,000,  whose  son,  of  the  same 
name,  took  down  the  old  peel  house,  and,  partly  on  the  foundations, 
erected  the  present  house.'  By  the  second  Mr.  Robert  Ormston,  who 
died  in  1882,  it  was  devised  to  his  first  cousin,  once  removed,  Mr.  William 

'  Armathwaite  was  purchased  in  1712  by  William  Sanderson,  then  of  Burton  Constable,  who  married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William  Howard  of  Corby.  Dying  in  1527,  he  was  succeeded  by  his  brother, 
Robert  Sanderson,  who,  at  his  death  in  1741,  gave  his  estate  to  his  widow  for  her  life,  and  afterwards  to 
his  nephew,  William  Milburn  (of  Newcastle).  Nicholson  and  Burn,  Weitmorland  and  Ciiinhcrland, 
vol.  ii.  pp.  242,  337. 

■  Cf.  vol.  iv.  of  the  work,  p.  299.  ^  Newcastle  Couyant,  October  5th,  iSiG. 

*  Ex  inf.  Rev.  .'Vnthony  Johnson. 


.vA*.^   b^   W^i.  0»rN^.,t.j 


TEMPLE    HEALEY    TOWNSHIP. 


175 


Aldam  of  Frickley,  near  Doncaster,  who  enlarged  the  house,  and  extended 
the  pleasure  grounds  by  including  in  them  a  very  pretty  dene  a  mile  and 
a  half  in  length.  He  added  to  the  estate  by  the  purchase  of  Eastwood- 
house,  and  died  in  1890,  when  he  was  succeeded  bv  his  son  Mr.  William 
Wright  Warde-Aldam,  the  present  owner. 

ORMSTON  OF  NEWCASTLE  AND  HEALEY. 


Charles  Ormston  (o)  =  Janet  Chatto  (o). 


Charles  Ormston  of  Kelso  and  of  Ednam  Spittal  purchased  Hendersyde  in  1715 
(a) ;  died  26th  Sept.,  1746,  aged  79.  '  A  man  of  great  plainness,  sobriety  and 
temperance,  of  great  humanity  and  hospitality  (//). 


Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Richard  Ribton 
of  Great  Broughton,  Cumberland, 
married  1 690  (o). 


Charles  Orms- 
ton of  Hen- 
dersyde. 


Elizabeth,  dau.  of      Jonathan  Ormston,  born  at  Kelso  12th  Sept.,  1708  =  MaryGoldsbroughof  Cockerton, 

....  Rawlinson  (0)  ;  settled  in  Newcastle  ;   one  of  the  original  near  Darlington,  married  20th 

of  Graythwaite,  partners  of  the   Tyne  Bank   in  Newcastle  (/),  May,  1745   (")  ;   mentioned  in 

Lancashire.  and  agent  of  the  family  of  Heselerigg  of  Noseley  the  will   of  Ann    Hodgson,   of 

{g)  ;    died  at  his  house  in   the   Westgate,   23rd  HIswick,   7th    April,    1772   {i)  ; 

September,  1780,  aged  73  (/;)  ('«).*  died  nth  February,  1795  (")• 


William  Ormston  of  Hendersyde,  : 
doctor   of    medicine  ;    died     at 
Kelso, 'in  the  prime  of  his  age,' 
Dec.  1770;   of  'great  merit,   in 
life  very  much  beloved  '  (c). 


Jane,  daughter  of  Charles  Selby  of 
Karle.  She  remarried,  .Aug.  1778, 
Michael  Pearson  of  Matfen,  and 
3rd,  George  Silvertop  of  Minster- 
acres. 


I 
Jean, 
only 
dau. 
(«)• 


John  Waldie  of  Berryhill,  com- 
missary clerk  of  Peebles,  and 
writer  to  the  signet  at  Kelso; 
died  at  Benwell,  7th  Sept., 
1780  (d). 


I                                                    I  I 

George  Waldie  of  [lender-  =  Ann,  eldest  Charles, born 

syde,of  Kingswoodandof  ^    dau.,   died  14th  .March, 

Forth   House,  Newcastle,         14th  Sept.,  i745/6;died 

died  at  Hendersyde,  13th         l83i,aged  27th    Aug., 

January,    1826,   aged    70         84. f  1767  (p). 


Robert  Ormston  of  Saville  =  Catherine,  daughter  of    Ger- 
Place.     Newcastle,     born  vase     Benson     of    Leeds 


nth  July,  1749  (0)  ;  pur- 
chased Healey  circa  1816  ; 
died  8th  October,  1836, 
aged  87  (/)  (»,). 


married  at  Bradford  meet- 
ing 2gth  May,  1779  W  ; 
died  i6th  May  1847,  aged 
92  (,/>}. 


Jonathan,  born  12th  Novem- 
ber, 1781  (0)  ;  died  nth 
June,  1782  (0). 

Thomas,  born  2nd  July,  1783 
(«)  ;   died  30th  June,  1789 


I 

Robert  Ormston  of  Newcastle  and 
Healey,  born  loth  December, 
1789  ;  rebuilt  Healey  hall,  and 
dying  unmarried,  22nd  Dec, 
1882  (/),  devised  Healey  to  his 
kinsman,  William  Aldam. 


Barbara,  born  20th  August  1780  (0),  died  unmarried 
3rd  December,  1851,  aged  71  (/). 

Mary  Ann,  born  4th  December,  17S4  (0)  ;  died  un- 
married 13th  December,  i860,  aged  76  (/). 

Isabella,  born  15th  April,  1786(0);  died  unmarried 
27th  December,  1867,  aged  81  (/). 


•  Jonathan  Ormston,  when  steward  to  the  Heselriggs  of  Noseley,  obtained  four  original  letters  from  Cromwell 
to  Sir  Arthur  Heselrigg;  they  are  printed  in  Brand,  Newcastle^  vol.  ii.  p.  479,  and  as  letters  Nos.  126  and  12S  by 
Carlyle,  Cromwell's  Letters  and  Speeches. 

f  For  a  memoir  of  George  and  Ann  Waldie's  youngest  child,  Jane  Waldie,  wife  of  G.  \.  Watts,  Admiral,  R.N., 
an  artist  and  author,  see  Welford,  Men  of  ^fark  'iwixt  Tyne  and  Tweed,  vol.  iii.  p.  583. 


(«)  Anderson,  Scottish  Nation,  vol.  iii.  p.  596.      Cf,  History 

Berwick:.  Nat.  Cluh,  vol.  x.  p.  342. 
(Ji)  Newcastle  Journal,  nth  October,  1746. 
{/)  Iliid.  22nd  Deeemtjer,  1770. 
(rf)  Ibid,  gth  September,  1780,  and  Gentleman's  Magazine, 

1780,  p.  446. 
(f)  Newcastle  Magazine,  February,  1 826,  p.  98. 
(/)  Newcastle  Journal,  26th  March,  1777. 
Ijg)  Ibid.  30th  August,  1780, 


(//)  Newcastle  Journal,  30th   September,    1780,  and    Gentle- 
man s  Magazine,  1 780,  p.  494. 
(/)   Raine,  Test.  Elior. 
(Ji)  Newcastle  Journal,  5th  June,  1779. 
(0   M.I.  Westgate  Cemetery. 
(/«)  Register  of  Societv  of  Friends,  Newcastle. 
(«)   Mr.  Warde-Aldam's  Papers. 
{0)   Family  Papers  with  Mr.  J.  L.  Ford, 


176  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

A  chapel  of  ease,  dedicated  to  St.  John,  built  from  designs  by  Mr. 
C.  E.  Davis  of  Bath,  was  consecrated  on  the  13th  September,  i860,  to  which 
a  tower  was  added  in  1890,  from  designs  by  Messrs.  Montgomery  and  Cam 
By  an  order  in  council  published  in  the  London  Gazette,  October  27th,  1876, 
a  district,  comprising  the  townships  of  Healey,  Fotherley,  and  Espershields, 
with  Eastwood  house  and  Pithouse,  two  detached  pieces  of  the  township  of 
Broomley,  having  an  area  of  7,166  acres,  was  severed  from  the  mother 
church  of  Bywell  St.  Peter  and  constituted  a  parish.  The  benefice  was 
endowed  by  the  Ecclesiastical  Commissioners  with  a  fraction  of  the  rectorial 
or  great  tithes  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  and  was  conferred  by  the  vicar  of  St. 
Peter's  upon  the  Rev.  Anthony  Johnson,  the  present  incumbent. 

The  national  schoolroom  was  built  by  subscription  in  1868,  and  in 
1877,  two  acres  of  glebe  having  been  given  by  Mr.  Robert  Ormston,  and  a 
grant  of;^i,500  being  made  by  the  Ecclesiastical  Commissioners,  a  parsonage 
house  was  built  at  a  cost  of  _£2,57i,  from  designs  by  Mr.  Salvin.' 

WHITTONSTALL  AND  NEWLANDS. 

The  manor  of  Whittonstall  is  conterminous  with  the  two  townships  of 
Whittonstall  and  Newlands,  the  former  of  which  comprises  2,176  acres  and 
the  latter  1,651  acres.  The  population  of  Whittonstall  in  1901  was  157, 
and  that  of  Newlands  123.-  The  village  of  Whittonstall,  in  which  is  situated 
the  parochial  chapel  and  parsonage  house,  the  schools,  and  a  small  number  of 
farm  houses  and  cottages,  occupies  an  exposed  situation  within  the  700  feet 
contour  hne  on  the  crest  of  the  hill  which  forms  the  watershed  between  the 
valleys  of  the  Tyne  and  Derwent.  The  hamlet  of  Newlands  is  situated  in  a 
more  sheltered  position  near  the  Mere  burn.  The  greater  part  of  the  land 
has  a  southern  exposure,  and  it  is  crossed  from  south-east  to  north-west  by 
Watling  Street  as  it  takes  its  course  from  Ebchester  to  Corbridge. 

The  name  of  the  place,  which  points  to  an  Anglian  occupation,  whatever 
its  first  constituent  may  mean,  represents  in  the  latter  part,  Tunstall,  the 
house  or  home  steading  of  its  first  English  owner.     The  fence  surrounding  it, 

'  Ex  inf.  Rev.  Anthony  Johnson. 

^  The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,  Whittonstall  with  Newlands,  258;  181 1,  Whittonstall  with  New- 
lands,  244  ;  1821,  Whittonstall,  146;  1831,  175  ;  1841,184;  1851,198;  1861,219;  •871,174;  1881,156; 
1891,  153;  190'!  157-  Newlands  :  the  Census  Returns  for  iSoi  and  181 1  are  with  those  of  Whitton- 
stall :   1821,  154;  1831,  161;  1841,  168;   1851,  174;  1861,  138;  1871,  130;  1881,  no;  1891,  148;  1901,  123. 


WHITTONSTAIX    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  1 77 

in  which  the  term  '  tun  '  had  its  origin,  was  possibly  made  of  the  living  thorn 
tree,  and  thus  the  separated  dwelling,  so  dear  to  all  the  Teutonic  peoples  in 
their  primitive  condition,  became  the  '  Quic  Tunstal,'  the  present  Whitton- 
stall.  In  the  neighbouring  county  of  Durham,  Tunstall  near  Sunderland 
contains  the  last  part  of  the  place  name,  and  Tunstall  and  Tunstead  occur 
elsewhere  in  England. 

A  member  of  the  lordship  given  by  William  Rufus  to  Guy  de  Baliol,  it 
was  made  by  his  successor,  Bernard,  into  one  of  the  sub-infeudationsby 
which,  through  the  introduction  of  a  new  system  of  land  tenure,  the  regal  fee 
of  England  itself  was  to  be  parcelled  out  and  appropriated.  Bernard  de  Baliol, 
in  the  latter  part  of  the  twelfth  century,  having  constituted  it  a  manor,  endowed 
with  the  profits  and  rights  which  accrued  from  it  to  the  person  who  by  his 
grant  became  its  owner,  and  burdened  on  the  other  hand  with  the  accustomed 
services  due  to  the  feudal  lord,  gave  it  to  a  namesake  and  fellow-countryman, 
Bernard  de  Arenis.  By  the  terms  of  the  grant  it  was  to  be  held  by  the 
service  of  the  quarter  part  of  a  knight's  fee,  and  attached  to  it  were  the 
privileges  and  liberties  appurtenant  to  such  a  holding.  To  the  vill  itself  were 
afterwards  added  various  portions  of  ground  taken  out  of  the  unenclosed 
land  of  the  lord  of  the  fee  of  Bywell,  one  of  which,  a  fresh  assart,  fenced  in 
and  brought  under  cultivation  from  the  waste,  ultimately  became  a  hamlet 
under  the  name  of  Newlands. 

The  name  of  the  family  to  which  the  new  possessor  of  Whittonstall 
belonged  was  derived  from  Airaines,  in  the  department  of  the  Somme,  about 
twenty  miles  to  the  north-west  of  Amiens.  The  church  of  that  place  was 
given,  about  the  year  i  lOO,  by  Stephen,  count  of  Aumale,  to  the  Cluniac 
priory  of  St.  Martin  des  Champs  at  Paris,  and  among  the  witnesses  the  name 
of  the  treasurer  of  Amiens,  Warnerius  de  Arenis,  occurs.' 

It  is  probable  that  the  family  of  de  Arenis,  which  afterwards  became 
Darrayns,  had  in  their  home  in  Picardy  some  connection  in  blood  with 
that  of  Baliol.  The  identity  of  the  two  christian  names,  Bernard  and  Guy, 
which  occur  in  the  early  descents  of  the  two  families,  may  be  considered 
favourable  to  the  existence  of  such  a  relationship.  The  appearance  of  the 
orlc  of  Baliol  in  the  armorial  coat  of  Darrayns,  though,  as  in  the  case  of 
Surtees,  and  perhaps  of  Bertram,  it  may  have  originated  merely  in  a  feudal 
connection,   may  with  greater  probability  be  referred  to  a  nearer  tie  than 

'  Cal.  Doc.  ill  France,  ed.  Round,  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  459. 
Vol.  VI.  23 


17^  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL   ST.    PETER. 

that  of  lord  and  retainer.  Nothing  seems  to  be  known  of  the  family  in 
England  until  they  were  settled  in  Whittonstall,  except  the  fact  that  Guy, 
son  of  Bernard  de  Arenis,  gave  four  virgates  of  land,  one-half  of  a  knight's 
fee,  at  Mi.xbur',  in  O.xfordshire,  to  the  church  and  canons  of  Oseney.' 

The  manor  granted  by  Bernard  de  Baliol,  with  the  additions  afterwards 
made  to  it,  appears  to  have  comprised  the  present  townships  of  Whittonstall 
and  Newlands,  and,  in  the  main,  was  contained  within  the  boundaries  laid 
out  in  the  charter  conveying  it  to  Bernard  de  Arenis. 

The  boundar>'  commenced  as  Tillihteburn  [Tyllyleburne] "  falls  into  Derewente,  and  upwards  as  far 
as  Merebume,  and  along  Mereburne  upwards  to  Sandiforde,  and  then  along  the  wascel'  [zcascelltim]  of 
.Sandiforde  upwards  to  the  thorn  Aldensclling  [Snellythorn],  and  from  the  thorn  Aldenselling  towards  the 
north  by  the  middle  of  Alresbars  [.Alrybaruwys]  as  the  divisions  of  Quictunstal  [Quictunystalle]  and  of 
Sotleie  [Scotteley]  divide,  and  as  the  land  of  Bakwurtha  [Bakwrde]  is  opposite  to  the  moor  of  Quictunstal 
as  far  as  the  vraile'  [I'ra/iKm]  of  the  wood  towards  the  north,  and  the  vraile  of  the  wood  on  the  east  as 
far  as  the  road  of  Hokesti  [Hoxty]  towards  the  north,  [et  versus  acquiloneni]  as  far  as  Waldeuerode 
[VValdesrode]  and  so  Waldeuerode  opposite  the  valley  [contra  valletn]  as  far  as  Bleieburne  [Berley- 
burne],  and  Bleieburne  upwards  to  the  head,  and  afterwards  the  division  between  Quictunstal  and 
Hedleie  towards  the  south  as  far  as  into  Derewente,  and  so  Derewente  upwards  as  far  as  Tillihteburne. 

In  addition  to  the  grant  of  the  vill  of  Quictunstal,  Bernard's  charter 
includes  the  two  Bakwurths  with  their  appurtenances  and  liberties  by  their 
right  boundaries,  which  are  described  as  being  between  Sotleie  (Shotley) 
and  Quictunstal.  The  interest  of  the  charter  is  so  great,  constituting  as  it 
does  the  creation  of  a  new  estate  in  the  form  and  manner  in  which,  at  the 
time,  such  a  conveyance  was  made,  that  it  must  be  given  in  its  entirety 
as  it  is  contained  in  the  original  charter.*     Bernard  de  Areines'  estate  w'as 


'»' 


'  Brit.  Mus.  vol.  Vit.  E  xv.  folio  121,  Registrum  Abbatiac  dc  Oseneiae ;  cf.  Red  Book  oj  the  Exchequer, 
Rolls  Series,  p.  586. 

■  The  boundaries  are  repeated  in  a  confirmation  to  Bernard's  son  Guy  by  John  de  Baliol,  to  be 
noticed  presently.  As  the  spelling  and  other  incidents  differ  in  that  deed  from  those  in  the  deed  of 
Bernard  de  Baliol,  these  differences  have  been  added  within  brackets. 

"  Wascclliim  is  a  very  uncommon  word,  and  does  not  occur  in  any  of  the  glossaries.  It  probably 
means  a  small  runner  of  water  down  a  hollow,  or  minute  valley.  It  is  found  in  some  deeds  connected 
w  ith  Esh,  in  the  county  of  Durham,  in  the  following  connection  :  '  cum  toftis  et  croftis  ex  boriali 
parte  exitus  villae  de  Ess,  propinquioribus  wascello  parvo  juxta  capellam  currenti  versus  orientem.' 
Durham  Treasury  Carti<laritiiit  Eleiitnsinarii,  fol.  75  )'. 

'  Vralium  appears  to  be  a  word  still  more  uncommon  than  'wascellum,'  and,  like  it,  is  absent  from  the 
glossaries.     The  most  likely  explanation  is  that  it  represents  the  fringe  or  edge  of  the  wood. 

'  Omnibus  hominibus  ad  quos  praesens  carta  pervenerit  praesentibus  et  futuiis  Bernardus  de  Baillol 
salutem.  Sciatis  me  dedisse  et  concessisse  et  hac  praesenti  carta  mea  confirmasse  Bernardo  de  .Areines 
pro  homagio  et  ser\itio  suo  totam  villam  de  Quictunstal  cum  omnibus  pertinentiis  et  libertatibus  ad  illani 
villam  pertinentibus,  et  per  has  divisas,  scilicet,  sicut  Tillihteburna  cadit  in  Derewente  sursum  usque  in 
Mereburne  et  Mereburne  sursum  usque  ad  .Sandiforde,  et  postea  le  wascel  de  .Sandiforde  sursum  usque 
ad  spinam  Aldenselling,  et  de  spina  .-Mdenselling  versus  le  north  per  medium  Alresbars  sicut  divisae  de 
Quictunstal  et  de  Sotleie  dividunt,  et  sicut  terra  de  Bakwurtha  obviat  morae  de  Quictunstal  usque  ad  vraile 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  1 79 

further  increased  by  a  grant'  from  Hugh  de  Baliol,  grandson  of  the  original 
grantor,  of  three  carucates  of  hind,  comprising  20i|  acres,  in  the  east  part  of 
the  vill  of  Quictunstal,  forty-five  acres  in  the  south  part  near  the  road 
leading  to  Ebbecestre  towards  the  west,  and  sixty-eight  and  a  half  acres  in 
Ulewomme  in  the  west  part  of  the  exit  of  the  vill.  The  land  was  to  be 
assarted,  cultivated,  built  upon  and  enclosed  by  a  ditch  and  hedge,  with 
all  the  improvements  that  can  be  made  within  the  lands  without  any 
restriction,  in  increment  of  his  land  of  Quictunstal,  to  be  held  by  the 
same  service,  that  of  the  quarter  of  a  knight's  fee,  as  he  held  the  vill 
itself.  This  was  probably  the  new  assart,  afterwards  the  township  of 
Newlands,  the  tithes  of  which  the  same  Hugh  de  Baliol  gave  to  the 
monastery  of  Durham.'  The  land  which  passed  under  these  grants  was 
added  to  by  John  de  Baliol,  the  son  and  successor  of  Hugh,  who  gave 
to  Guy  de  Areynes,  the  son  of  the  first  owner,  Bernard,  a  confirmatory 
charter  of  the  vill  of  Whittonstall  and  Newlands,  with  other  lands  in 
addition.'  These  comprised  sixty  acres  of  land  for  an  increment,  to  be 
brought  into  cultivation,  near  the  exit  of  Newlands  towards  the  south,  nearest 
to  the  boundaries  of  Waskyrley  ;  twenty-six  acres  in  Crowellestrothyr  in 
the  west  part  of  Tonnewhomme,  and  in  another  part  seventy-two  acres  on 
the  west  side  of  the  house  of  Galfrid  le  verrer  upon  Holnyhyrst,  for  the 
increment  of  Newlands,  to  be  brought  into  cultivation  together  with  the 
other  sixty  acres.  The  whole  was  to  be  held  in  fee  and  heirship  by  the 
service  of  the  fourth  part  of  a  knight's  fee  for  Whittonstall  and  the  yearly 

nemoris  versus  le  north,  at  vraile  nemoris  versus  orientem  usque  ad  viam  de  Hokesti  versus  le  north 
usque  ad  Ic  Waldeuerode,  et  sic  Waldeuerode  cuntreual  usque  Bleieburne,  et  Bleieburne  sursuni  usque  ad 
sursum,  et  postea  divisa  inter  Quictunstal  et  Hedleie  versus  le  sutl;  usque  in  Derewente,  et  sic  Derewente 
sursum  usque  ad  Tillihteburne,  sine  ullo  retinemento  mei  vel  hcredum  meorum ;  et  utrasque  Bakvvurthas 
cum  omnibus  pertinentiis  et  libertatibus  et  integritatibus  stiis  per  suas  rectas  divisas  quae  sunt  inter 
Sotleie  et  Quictunstal,  sine  aliquo  retinemento.  Quare  volo  atque  praecipio  quod  idem  Hernardus  et  heredes 
sui  post  eum  habeant  et  teneant  et  possideant  totas  praedictas  terras  de  me  et  de  heredibus  meis  in 
bosco  et  piano  et  in  omnibus  locis  et  in  omnibus  libertatibus,  et  aisiamentis  ad  illas  pertinentibus  cum 
omni  integritate  et  cum  omnibus  emendamentis  C|uae  infra  illas  terras  fieri  possunt  sine  ullo  retinemento, 
in  feudo  et  hereditate  libere  et  quiete,  honorifice  et  solute  ab  omni  servitio,  et  consuetudine,  et  exactione, 
faciendo  mihi  et  heredibus  mcis  quartam  partem  servitii  unius  militis;  et  ego  et  heredes  mei  haec  omnia 
praedicta  sepedicto  Bernardo  et  suis  heredibus  contra  omncs  homines  et  foeminas  warantizabimus,  et 
defendemus.  Hiis  testibus  :  Ernaldo  filio  Bence,  Warino  Trainel,  Radulfo  de  Gunwartona,  Willelmo  super 
Teisam,  Rannulfo  filio  Ilardi,  Hugone  filio  Rogeri,  Gilberto  de  la  Val,  Ingelramo  de  dum',  Rogero  Bertram, 
Widone  Bertram,  Roberto  de  Rue,  et  multis  aliis.  (Seal  wanting.)  Greenwich  Hospital  Ducuments, 
Record  Office,  box  20,  bundle  '  O,'  No.  16. 

'  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.   Chart.   No.  6905.      A  poor  impression  of  the  same  seal  as  that  on  the  plate 
of  seals  is  attached  to  the  deed. 

''  Dur.  Treas.  2''"  2'''"'  Spec.  No.  g. 

"  Ibid.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6909*.     To  the  deed  an  imperfect  seal  is  still  attached.      It  is  i|  in.  diameter. 
Equestrian,  shield  seen  on  the  inside ILL.  I  .  .  .   NNIS  :  DE  ;   B.AILO  .... 


l8o  THE    PARISH    OF    HVWELI.    ST.    PETER. 

payment,  at  two  terms,  Pentecost  and  Martinmas,  of  thirteen  marcs  sterling 
for  Newlands.  John  de  Baliol  retained  for  himself,  his  heirs,  and  his  men 
of  Bywelleschyre,  common  rights  of  pasture  equally  with  Guy,  his  heirs, 
and  his  men,  retaining  also  the  wood  within  the  common  pasture  to  make 
use  of  for  their  needful  purposes.  Guy  was  to  have  for  himself,  his  heirs, 
and  his  men  of  the  two  vills,  reasonable  estovers^  of  green  wood  for 
building,  under  the  supervision  of  Baliol's  foresters,  and  of  dead  wood  at 
their  own  discretion. 

Bernard  de  Arenis  appears  to  have  commenced  to  sub  infeudate  soon 
after  he  came  into  possession  of  the  manor.  There  is  an  agreement^  made 
between  him  and  Serlo  de  Quictunstall,  which  cannot  be  much,  if  at  all,  later 
than  the  beginning  of  the  thirteenth  century,  which  presupposes  a  previous 
grant  no  longer  in  existence.  It  is  a  document  of  extreme  interest  and 
contains  matter  which  adds  a  bright  touch  of  colour  to  a  relation  perhaps 
somewhat  technical  and  dull.  Serlo  admits  that  he  is  bound  to  pay  los.  a 
year  for  ferm,  and  8s.,  the  sum  being  the  same  in  each  case,  for  relief,  merchet 
and  forfeiture.  He  agrees  that  within  the  limits  of  the  county  he  shall  go  in 
company  with  Bernard,  or  his  steward,  at  his  own  expense,  having  reasonable 
summons.  That  he,  or  some  one  in  his  place,  shall  accompany  Bernard,  or 
his  steward,  beyond  the  moor  as  far  as  to  Castel  Bernard  to  safeguard  his 

'  Estovers :  necessaries  or  supplies :  a  reasonable  allowance  out  of  lands  or  goods  for  the  use  of  a  tenant. 

'  Diir.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  6905*.  Haec  est  convencio  et  concordia  facta  inter  Bernardum  de 
Haraines  et  Serlonein  de  Quictunstal,  scilicet,  quod  praedictus  Serlo  recognovit  praedicto  liernardo 
servicium  quod  ei  facere  debet  de  niedietate  villae  de  Quictunstal,  scilicet,  quod  praedictus  Serlo  reddere 
debet  praedicto  Bernardo  decern  solidos  de  firma  per  annum  ad  Pentecosten.  Debet  et  enini  relevium 
suum  esse  octo  solidos  et  mercetum  suum  octo  solidos  ct  forisfactum  suum  octo  solidos.  Et  praedictus 
Serlo  ibit  cum  praedicto  Bernardo  vel  dapifero  suo  infra  comitatum  proprio  sumptu  ad  convenientem 
summonitionem.  Ibitque  praedictus  Serlo  vel  aliquis  pro  eo  cum  praedicto  Bernardo  vel  dapifero  suo 
ultra  moram  usque  ad  castellum  Bernard!  ad  conducendum  dominum  suum  vel  teshaurum  suum.  Et 
Serlo  et  homines  sui  molent  ad  molendinum  de  Quictunstal  et  molturam  dabunt.  Et  homines  praedicti 
Serlonis  facient  medietatem  tocius  operis  praedicti  molendini.  Set  praedictus  Serlo  quietus  erit 
de  opere  praedicti  molendini  de  propria  domu.  Et  si  summus  dominus  feodi  commune  auxilium  in 
Biwellesiria  posuerit,  praedictus  Serlo  dabit  praedicto  Bernardo  auxilium  quantum  pertinet  ad 
medietatem  ipsius  villae  in  Biwellesiria.  Et  forinsecum  servicium  faciet  medietatis  ejusdem  villae.  Et 
si  forte  milites  Eustachii  de  Bailol  communiter  faciant  opus  castelli  Bernard!,  praedictus  Serlo  inveniet 
ad  praedictum  opus  per  unam  ebdomodam  duos  homines  vel  per  C|uindecim  dies  unum  hominem.  Et 
propter  banc  conventionem  et  concordiam  habendam  et  tenendam  praefatus  Serlo  quietum  clamavit 
praefato  Bernardo  duas  bovatas  terrae  suae  medietatis  habendo  in  dominium,  et  de  altera  terra  sua  quam 
tenet  faciet  medietatem  tocius  servicii  quod  pertinet  ad  pracfatam  villam.  Et  defendet  medietatem 
dominii  praedicti  Bernardi  quod  idem  Bernardus  die  qua  haec  concordia  facta  fuit  in  dominio  tenuit.  Et 
si  praedictus  Bernardus  potest  inquirere  aliud  servitium  quod  praedictus  Serlo  debeat  quam  haec 
conventio  testatur  et  probare  vel  ostendere  possit,  sine  dolo  et  malo  ingenio  praedictus  Serlo  illud 
servicium  recognescet  et  faciet  et  cirographum  renovabitur  et  illud  servicium  inponetur.  Hiis  testibus. 
Gilberto  de  laual,  Nicholao  de  Moreuic,  Ada  de  Jescmue,  W'illelmo  de  Mainillohermeri,  Roberto 
Bertram,  Willelmo  Mautalent,  Hugone  de  C'udene,  Roberto  Morel,  Nicholao  de  Hedun,  Ada  Barat, 
Willelmo  de  Faudune,  Henrico  de  Kiigertona,  Nigillo  de  Dicigt,'  Willelmo  de  Munbi,  Willelmo  de 
Backewrthe,  Milone  de  Quictunstal,  Rann'  de  Throkelaue  et  multis  aliis.     (Seal  wanting.) 


WHITTONSTALL    AND   NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  l8l 

lord  (Bernard's  over-lord,  Baliol)  or  his  money.  Serlo  and  his  men  are  to 
grind  at  the  mill  of  Quictunstal  and  to  pay  multure  ;  his  men  are  to  do  half 
the  work  of  the  mill,  but  Serlo  is  to  be  free  of  the  work  from  his  own  house. 
In  case  the  over-lord  of  the  fee  shall  impose  common  aid  in  Bywellshire, 
Serlo  has  to  give  Bernard  as  much  aid  as  pertains  to  the  moiety  of  the  same 
vill  in  Bywellshire.  He  was  also  bound  to  do  foreign  service  as  much  as 
was  due  from  a  moiety  of  the  vill.  In  the  event  of  the  knights  of  Eustace 
de  Baliol  having  to  do  work  in  common  at  Castel  Bernard,  Serlo  was  to  find 
two  men  for  one  week  or  one  man  for  fifteen  days.  In  recompense  for 
the  agreement  Serlo  quit  claimed  to  Bernard  two  bovates  of  land  out  of  the 
moiety  to  be  held  in  demesne,  and  for  the  rest  of  the  land  he  was  to  render 
one  half  of  the  whole  service  pertaining  to  the  vill.  He  was  also  bound  to 
defend  a  moiety  of  the  land  which  Bernard  had  in  demesne  on  the  day  when 
the  agreement  was  made.  There  is  a  further  provision  that  if  Bernard  was 
able  to  demand,  or  to  show  grounds  for  demanding,  any  other  service  than 
that  included  in  the  agreement,  that  then  without  fraud  or  bad  intent  Serlo 
should  recognise  that  service  and  make  a  new  deed  in  which  the  service 
should  be  included.  The  agreement  is  witnessed  by  a  large  number  of  people 
of  high  position,  a  circumstance  which  seems  to  indicate  the  importance  of 
the  transaction. 

A  deed  of  the  early  part  of  the  thirteenth  century  gives  an  incident  of 
family  history  which  may  enliven  the  dryness  of  legal  and  territorial  details. 
A  landowner  of  the  name  of  Richard,*  to  whom,  in  order  to  distinguish  him 
from  other  people  of  the  name,  the  addition  of  '  cum  lockis  '  was  made  (we  can 
picture  him,  and  perhaps  have  known  persons  whom  the  cognomen  would 
fit),  lived  on  the  hill  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Derwent,  within  sight  of 
Whittonstall,  at  Medomsley.  He  had  married  a  widow,  apparently  an  heiress,^ 
called  Quenilda,  and  had  a  stepson,  William.  William,  who  had  married 
Ysabela,  the  granddaughter  {neptis)  of  Bernard  de  Hareines,  had  given  her 
in  dower  a  third  part  of  Medomsley,  which  was  confirmed  by  Richard  '  with 
the  locks'  and  his  wife  Quenilda.^  Richard  had  granted,  probably  before 
then,  with  the  consent  of  his  wife  and  William,  her  heir,  fifteen  acres  of  land 
in  the  field  of  Medmesleia,  nearest  to  the  land  of  Ebbecesterdene  towards  the 
west,  to  the  almoner  of  the  convent  of  Durham.*    The  gift  was  confirmed  by 

'  C/.  Durham  Liber  Vitae,  p.  loi.  '  Ricardus  cum  loccis,'  his  wife  Matilda,  their  sons  Robert,  Alan 
and  William,  and  their  daughters  Beatrix  and  Cassandra. 

'^  Cf.  Ibid.  p.  84.  '  Quenilda  filia  Ricardi  tilii  Rogeri ';  and  p.  100,  '  Sparhaueck  (Sparrowhawk)  et  uxor 
ejus  Quenild.'  ''  Dur.  Trcas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6907-.  '  Dur.  Tnas.  Cart.  Elemosinarii,  fol.  6  v. 


1 82  THE    PARISH    OF    BVWELL    ST.    PETKR. 

(Jiicnilda's  son,  who  calls  himself  in  the  deed  '  Willelmus  filius  Willehni 
venatoris,'  and  on  the  seal  '  Willenuis  de  Medmesleie.' '  The  seal  is  round, 
if  inches  in  diameter,  with  the  device  of  a  huntini;  horn  slung  bv  a  strap, 
and  with  the  legend,  "I-*  sigill  willei.mi  de  medmesleie.  Medomsley  has 
been  for  centuries,  and  still  is,  in  the  possession  of  two  branches  of  the 
family  of  Hunter,  which,  there  can  scarcely  be  a  doubt,  descend  from 
William  the  hunter  and  his  mother,  the  heiress  Ouenilda. 

The  moiety  of  the  vill  did  not  remain  long  separated  from  the  remainder 
of  the  manor,  for  Agnes,  the  daughter  of  Serlo  de  Quictunstal,  quitclaimed 
to  Guido,  son  of  Bernard  de  Areines,  all  right  she  had  in  the  moiety,  receiving 
from  him  sixty  acres  of  land  in  the  same  vill,  which  Serlo,  her  father,  had 
held.  She  was  to  render  yearly  one  pound  of  cummin  on  St.  Cuthbert's  day 
in  September,  and  yd.  for  ward,  on  St.  Thomas'  day  before  Christmas."  She 
had  before  then  granted  to  Sir  William  de  Hindeley  six  acres  of  land  in  the 
field  of  Quictunstal.^ 

At  a  time,  probably  not  long  after  Bernard  had  a  grant  of  the  manor, 
he  gave  to  Milo,  whom  he  calls  his  man,  the  half  of  his  demesne  in  arable 
land  for  his  homage  and  service.  It  was  to  be  held  free  and  quit  of  all 
custom  and  service  by  the  yearly  pavment  of  2s.,  which  was  to  be  remitted 

'  Diir.  Treas.  V""'  s"-"'  Elemos.  No.  3.  -  Misc.  Chart.  No.  690S. 

^  Ihid.  No.  6912 Ego  .-^nneis  filia  Serlonis  de  Quictunstal confirm.  Dno  Willo 

de  Hyndeley  pro  homagio  et  sen  suo  vj  acras  terrae  in  canipo  de  Quictunstal,  scil.,  duas  in  tofto  et 
crofto  juxta  toftum  Roberti  filii  mei  vers,  occid.  et  in  campo  apud  orient,  juxta  spinam  diniid.  acram. 
et  juxta  viam  quae  tendit  apud  Ebecestre  et  super  cuntes  dim.  acram.  et  in  campo  versus  occid.  iij 
acras.  Tenend.  et  hab.  sibi  ...  in  feudo  et  hered.  libere  .  .  .  Redd,  inde  annual,  michi  .  .  .  unum 
par  cirotecarum  ad  fest.  S.  Johis  liapt.  .  .  .  Hiis  test.  Widone  de  Areines,  Will,  clerico  de  Westbires, 
Milone  de  Areines,  Radulfo  de  P'airhil,  Helia  de  Stokesfel,  Rob.  de.  S.  Germano,  Phil,  diacono, 
.Mano  de  Tesdale,  Radulfo  de  Alriburne,  et  multis  aliis.  Round  seal  of  white  wax,  i|  inches  diameter, 
flcur-di-lys,    >J<   SIGILI.  .\GNETIS   FIL 

The  following  charters  relating  to  the  family  of  Fabian  of  Whittonstall  are  also  preserved  in  the 
Treasury  : 

.  .  .  Ego  Robertus  fil.  Fabiani  .  .  .  Gvidoni  filio  Bernardi  de  .Areines  et  hered.  suis  totum  jus 
et  clamium  quod  habui  vel  habere  debui  in  medietate  villae  de  Quictunstal  cum  pert,  quielum  de  me  et 
hered.  meis  in  perp.,  pro  Ix  acris  terrae  cum  pert,  in  eadem  villa  quas  .Serlo  tenuit.  Redd,  inde  annuatim 
eidem  Gvidoni  vel  hered.  suis  unam  libram  cyniini  ad  fest.  .S.  Cuthberti  in  Sept.  et  septem  denarios  ad 
wardam  in  die  S.  Thom;e  .-\p!i  ante  Natale,  et  sequendo  molendinum  suum  de  Quictunstal  ad  xiij  vas 
pro  omni  opere  et  serv.  .  .  .  Hiis  test.  Will,  de  Hindeleia,  Petro  de  Gunwart(on),  Willo  de  Riddeleia, 
Nicholao  de  Heddun,  Elia  de  Stokesfeld,  Ranulfo  de  Fairhil,  .'\lano  de  Teisedale,  Willo  de  Bromleia, 
Milone  de  Ovington,  Robto  dc  Sco  Germano,  Radulfo  le  Surreis,  Robti  clerico  et  aliis.  Misc. 
Chart.  No.  6927. 

.  .  .  Ego  Robertus  fil.  Fabiani  de  Quictunestal  .  .  .  confirm.  Alano  de  Toised'  pro  serv.  suo  iij 
rodas  et  dim.  terrae  infra  clausum  quod  Ydo  de  Araines  ei  dedit  in  incrementum  alterius  tenementi 
sui  in  villa  de  Quictunestal.  Tenend.  et  hab.  .  .  .  libere  .  .  .  Redd,  inde  .  .  .  mihi  et  hered. 
meis  .  .  .  annuatim  unum  paria  cirotecarum  vel  j  obol.  die  S.  Johis  Bapt.  .  .  .  Et  ego  Rob.  ct  hered. 
mei  .  .  .  diet,  terram  et  omnes  alias  datas  de  me  vel  antecessorum  meorum  infra  diet,  clausum 
(warranty)  .  .  .  Hiis  test.  Domino  Willo  de  Hinder,  Vdone  de  Araines,  Milone  fratre  ejus,  Ranulfo 
de  Fairhil,  Helia  de  Stokesfeld,  Ric.  de  Hel',  Simone  de  HedF,  Radulfo  de  -Alriburne  et  aliis.  Misc. 
Chart.  No.  6927-. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  1 83 

whilst  Milo  held  the  office  of  bailiff.  It  is  stated  in  the  charter  that  it  was 
given  him  in  anticipation  of  the  grant  of  one  carucate  of  land  which  he  was 
to  hold  by  the  same  service  as  Bernard,  son  of  Osbert,  held  his  land.'  Milo 
may  have  been  a  relation  of  Bernard,  and  the  name  occurs  in  a  later 
generation  attached  to  a  member  of  the  family  in  the  person  of  Milo,  who 
is  a  witness  to  a  deed^  together  with  Ydo  de  Arainis  who  is  called 
his  brother.  Anyhow  Milo,  Bernard's  man,  called  himself  de  Arenes,  as 
well  as  de  Quictunstall,  and  using  both  on  the  same  deed  he  quitclainied 
to  Wido,  son  of  Sir  Bernard  de  Areynes,  all  the  land  he  held  in  the  vill  of 
Quictunstal,  with  two  parts  of  his  toft,  with  all  its  appurtenances  and  with 
the  service  of  Thomas,  son  of  Arkill  de  Neuton,  except  the  land  he  had 
previously  given  to  the  hospital  of  St.  Mary,  Newcastle.  For  this  quit 
claim  Wido  had  given  him  in  his  great  need  three  marcs.' 

The  grant  mentioned  above  was  made  to  the  master  and  brethren  of  the 
hospital  of  St.  Mary  of  Westgate  in  Newcastle,  for  his  soul's  health  and  for 
that  of  his  lord,  no  relatives  being  mentioned.  The  land  consisted  of  the 
third  part  of  his  toft  in  the  vill  of  Quictunstal,  towards  the  west,  thirteen 
acres  of  cultivated  land  in  the  fields  of  the  same  vill,  with  the  whole  of  his 

'  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6905''' (").  Bernardus  de  Arenis  omn.  aniicis  suis  Francis  et  Anglicis, 
clericis  et  laicis  tarn  futuris  quam  praesentibus  hanc  cartam  audientibus  et  videntibus  salutem.  Sciatis  me 
dedisse  et  concessisse  et  hac  iiiea  carta  confirmasse  Miloni  honiini  meo  et  heredibus  suis  dimidiam  partem 
dedominio  meo  in  Quictunstal  de  terra  arabili  propter  homagium  suum  et  propter  servicium  suum.  H  abend, 
et  ten.  in  feodo  et  hereditate  de  me  et  de  hered.  nieis  libere  et  quiete  ab  omni  consuet.  seculari  et  ab  omni 
servicio.  Reddendo  annuatim  niihi  et  her.  meis  ij  sol.  Et  quamdiu  fuerit  bailhvus  meus  erit  cjuietus  de 
ij  sol.  Et  cum  non  fuerit  baillivus  meus  tunc  reddet  ij  sol,  in  expectatione  unius  carrucatae  terrae  quam 
tenebit  eodem  servicio  sicut  Bertram  filius  Osberti  tenet  terrain  suam.  Hiis  test.  Willelmo  Bertram, 
Guidone  Bertram,  Ricardo  Bertram,  Roberto  Bertram,  Roberto  de  Diuelestuna,  Rad'  de  Sco  Petro, 
Eustachio  des  hans,  Helya  capellano,  Ricardo  capellano,  Henrico  filio  Johannis,  Waltero  Punchardun, 
Algaro  senescal',  Willelmo  filio  ejus,  Ricardo  Blundel,  Willelmo  de  Bulesd',  Rogero  Bene,  Hamone 
clerico.     (Seal  wanting.) 

^  See  above,  p.  182,  note  3. 

^  Ibid.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6906.  Milo  de  Quictunstal  .  .  .  quietam  clamasse  Widoni  fil.  Dni  Bernardi  de 
Areynes  et  heredibus  suis  totam  terram  meam  quam  tenui  in  villa  de  Quictunstal  cum  duabus 
partibus  tofti  mei  versus  orientem  cum  omnibus  pertinenciis  suis  et  cum  servicio  Thomae  fil.  Arkilli  de 
Neuton,  e.\cepta  terra  ilia  cum  oinn.  suis  pert,  quam  dedi  Deo  et  Beatae  Mariae  et  magistro  et  fratribus 
Hospitalis  S.  Mariae  de  Novo  Castro,  scil.,  tercia  parte  tofti  mei  apud  occidentem  cum  xiij  acris  terrae 
cultae  et  excepto  prato  apud  Holmedues  et  apud  Langelandes  et  apud  Standandestan.  Pro  hac  autem 
donacione,  concessione  et  quieta  clamacione  dedit  mihi  praed.  Wido  tres  marcas  argenti  in  mea  magna 
necessitate  (warranty).  Hiis  testibus.  Mag.  Radulfo  capellano,  Dno  Patricio  vicario  de  Biwelle,  Dno 
Simone  de  Bruntoft,  Roberto  de  Hindeley,  Dno  Willo  fratre  ejus,  Willo  de  Medmesley,  Radulfo  de 
Fairhil,  Helia  de  Stokesfeld,  Gileb.  de  Mora,  Arkil  de  Neuton,  Rob.  de  Sco  Germano,  Gileberto  de 
Risseford,  et  multis  aliis.  Round  seal  of  white  wax,  one  and  three-quarter  inches  in  diameter.  Xflfur- 
de-lys    |J<    SIGILL   MILES   DAREINE.S      ^      .     .      . 

Ibid.  No.  6906-.  Thomas  fil.  Arkil  de  Neuton  .  .  .  Dno  Wiilo  de  Hindeley,  pro  serv.  suo 
unum  toftum  et  croftum  et  totam  terram  et  pratum  quam  habui  in  villa  de  Quictunstal  de  dono  Milonis, 
secundum  quod  continetur  in  carta  dicti  Milonis.  Tenend  .  .  .  Redd,  mihi  annuatim  unum  par 
cirotecarum  vel  ununi  obolum  die  S.  Johis  Bapt.  .  .  .  Hiis  test.  Ydone  de  .'\renes,  Radulfo  de  Fairhil, 
Radulfo  de  Alrib',  Ric.  de  Falderl',  Willo  filio  Arkil  de  Neuton,  Willo  de  Bromeley,  Ada  forest',  Helia 
de  Stokesfeld  et  aliis.     (Seal  wanting.) 


184  THK  PARISH  OF  RYWEI.I.  ST.  PETER. 

meadow  at  Langlandes  and  Holmedewes  and  Standandstan  (probably  an 
ancient  British  monolith),  and  with  connnon  pasture  of  the  vill.  The 
cultured  land  is  set  out  specifically,  and  comprised  two  acres  at  Langelandes, 
towards  the  east,  at  Ebbecestre-lidgate  one  acre,  at  the  thorn  one  acre,  at 
Lundene  one  acre,  at  Flat  one  acre  and  a  half  towards  the  east,  at  Crukes 
one  acre  and  a  half,  at  West-riding  one  acre  and  a  half,  at  Uluhom  one 
acre  and  a  half  towards  the  west,  at  Westenbrokes  one  acre  and  a  half, 
at  Heuedland  in  Laini-riding  three  roods,  at  Laddewelle  one  rood.'  The 
hospital  retained  the  land  until  1368,  when  William  de  Norton,  master,  and 
the  brethren  conveyed  it  to  William  de  Menville." 

Guv  Darrayns^  was  dead  before  1268,  in  which  year,  it  is  stated,  John 
de  Balliol  held  Newlands  by  lease  from  Roger  Darrayns  for  a  term  of  ten 
years.  At  that  time,  Walter  of  Newland  held  46  acres,  and  paid  a  free  rent 
of  13s.  There  were  in  Newlands  fourteen  bond  tenants,  who  together  held 
380  acres  and  paid  £<)  4s.  4d.,  and  seven  cottars,  who  held  35  acres  and  paid 
17s.  yd.  per  annum.  The  brewhouse  produced  13s.  4d.,  and  the  mill  £"],  but 
the  latter  was  subject  to  a  perpetual  rent  charge  of  ^5,  payable  to  Robert 
de  Wybyr''*  and  his  heirs.     The  rents  of  the  vill  amounted  to  £1^  8s.  3d.^ 

At  the  same  period,  John  de  Baliol  held  in  Wythtonstall  135I  acres  of 
demesne  worth,  at  6d.  an  acre,  £2>  7^-  9^-     There  were  three  free  tenants, 

'  Diir.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6907.  .  .  .  Ego  Milo  de  Quictunstal  .  .  .  Deo  et  B.  Mariae  et  magistro  et 
fratribus  Hospitalis  -Scae  Mariae  de  Westgate  in  Novo  Castro  pro  salute  animae  meae  et  domini  uici 
terciam  partem  tofti  niei  in  villa  de  Quinctunstal  versus  occidentem  cum  pert,  suis  et  cum  xiij  acris  terrae 
cultae  cum  pert,  in  campis  ejusdem  villae  et  cum  toto  prato  meo  apud  Langelandes  et  apud  Holmedwes  et 
apud  .Standandestan  et  cum  communi  pastura  ejusdem  villae,  et  cum  omnibus  communibus  aisiamentis 
et  libertatibus  infra  villam  et  extra  villain  ad  eandem  villam  pertinentibus,  in  puram  et  perp.  eleinosinam. 
Partes  vero  acrariae  terrae  cultae  haec  sunt  :  apud  Langelandes  ij  acrae  versus  orientem,  apud  Ebbecestre 
Lidgete  j  acra,  apud  spinani  j  acra,  apud  Lundene  j  acra,  apud  Flat  j  acra  et  dimidia  versus  orientem, 
apud  Crukes  j  acra  et  dim.,  apud  West-riding  j  acra  et  dim.,  apud  Vluhom  j  acra  et  dim.  versus  orientem, 
apud  Westenebrokes  j  acra  et  dim.,  apud  Heuedland  in  Lami-riding  iij  rodae,  apud  Laddewelle  j  roda. 
Quare  volo  et  concedo  quod  praed.  m.ag.  et  fratres  habeant  et  teneant  praed.  terram  cum  omn.  pert, 
suis  et  libertatibus  in  lib.,  purain  et  perp.  elemos.  sicut  aliquae  elemosina  liberius  teneri  potest  aut 
concedi  (warranty).  Hiis  test.  Rob.  de  Neuham,  Rob.  de  Hindeleie,  Will,  fratre  ejus,  Patricio 
vicario  de  Biwelle,  Dno  Willo  de  Percenei  decano,  Steph.  \icario  de  Thinem,'  Jordano  capell,  de  Novo 
Castro,  Alano  vicario  de  Ovingham,  Hugone  vicario  de  Welpingtun,  Serlone  de  Herle  et  multis  aliis. 
(.Same  seal  as  to  note  i,  page  183.) 

-  Ibid.  Nos.  6966  a,  6966  b.  To  each  of  these  deeds  the  seal  of  the  hospital,  in  a  very 
imperfect  state,  is  appended.  It  is  pointed  oval,  2  inches  by  ij  inches,  and  has  a  seated  figure  of  the 
Blessed  Virgin,  crowned,  with  Our  Lord  on  her  knees.     The  legend  is  effaced. 

'  C^uy  Darrayns  granted  to  (^alfred  vitraiius  two  acres  of  a  new  assart  at  Holnihurst.  Seal  oval, 
I  Clinches  by  I ;;  inches.  Antique  gem  :  male  bearded  and  filleted  head  >J<  SIGILL  WIDONIS  de  .areines. 
Did:  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  5537. 

'  [No  date.]  John  de  Balliol  grants  to  William  Wibern'  and  his  heirs  a  rent  of  iocs,  yearly,  to  be 
received  at  Whitsuntide  and  Martininas  from  a  farm  which  Guy  of  Arraynes  and  his  heirs  rented  of  him 
in  the  Newland  near  Detwcnt,  for  service  of  a  twelfth  part  of  a  knight's  fee,  Newlands  deeds,  No.  i, 
Greenwich  Hospital  Papers. 

'-  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Balliolo,  53  Hen.  IIL  No.  43. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  1 85 

viz.:  Elias,  son  of  Gilbert,  who  held  i6  acres  and  paid  8d.  a  vear;  John  de 
Brus,  who  held  6  acres  and  paid  6d. ;  and  Gilbert  Fabian,  who  held  i  acre 
and  paid  id.  at  Christinas  ;  and  there  were  four  farmers,  William  the  grieve, 
Henry  the  baker,  Elyas  the  chaplain,  and  John  de  Brus,  who  held  together 
66|  acres  by  deed  at  the  yearly  rent  of  32s.  4d.  The  brewhouse  produced 
iBs.  Seven  bondmen  held  24  acres  each  and  paid  los.  apiece;  William 
Wygot  and  widow  Tyew  held  70  acres  and  paid  22s. ;  eleven  cottars  held 
41^  acres  and  paid  21s.  5d.  The  sum  of  the  vill  was  ^11  12s.  gd.,  and,  like 
Newlands,  it  had  been  granted  for  a  term  of  ten  years  by  Roger  Darrayns  to 
John  de  Baliol.'  In  an  inquisition  taken  three  years  later,  it  is  stated  that 
Roger  Darrayns  held  Whittonstall  and  Newlands  by  the  service  of  half  a 
knight's  fee,  doing  suit  of  court  at  Bywell.^ 

One  of  these  early  tenants  in  Whittonstall,  a  certain  William  de  Morpath, 
in  1225,  being  about  to  set  out  for  the  Holy  Land  with  his  wife  and  sons  in 
fulfilment  of  a  vow,  leased,  on  payment  of  20s.,  his  toft  and  croft,  with  20 
acres  in  the  fields  of  Qvictonestal,  to  his  father-in-law,  Fabian  of  Qvictonestal, 
or  his  assigns,  in  trust  to  hold  until  his  return ;  but  if  neither  he,  his  wife,  nor 
any  of  his  sons  should  return  within  twelve  years,  the  premises,  with  the 
appurtenances  thereof,  were  to  pass  to  his  [William's]  daughter,  Ysabellis, 
who  was  meanwhile  to  be  maintained  by  Fabian.^  The  pilgrims  apparently 
did  not  return,  and  tidings  of  their  deaths  must  have  reached  his  daughter 

'  Inq.p.m.  Johannis  de  Balliolo,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43. 

"  Inq.p.m.  Agnes  uxor.  Hugonis  de  Balliolo,  55  Hen.  III.  No.  33. 

^  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6926.  Haec  est  conventio  facta  inter  Willelmum  de  Morpathe  et 
Fabianum  de  Qvictonestal  patrem  suiuii  in  lege,  viz.,  quod  praed.  Wills  concessit  et  dimisit  praed. 
Fabiano  vel  cuicumque  assignare  voluerit  xx.  acras  terrae  in  campis  de  Qvictonestal  cum  tofto  et  crofto. 
Tenendas  et  habendas  libere  et  quiete  a  festo  S.  Martini  hyemalis  usque  in  duodecim  annos  sequentes 
pro  XX.  sol.  quos  sibi  dedit,  ob  adimplendum  uotum  suum  et  uxoris  suae  in  Terram  Sanctam,  pro  omn. 
serviciis,  salvo  forinseco  serv.  quantum  pertinet  ad  tantam  terram  in  villa  de  Qvictonestal  et  salvo  hoc 
quod  praed.  Fabianus  custodiet  praedicto  Willo  quandam  filiam  suam  a  praed.  festo  S.  Martini  usque  ad 
reditum  suum,  et  si  eum  ante  finem  vel  ad  finem  xij  annorum  redire  non  contigerit  cum  uxore  sua  et 
pueris  suis  quos  sumet  secum  in  itinere  suo,  ipsa  praed.  filia  nomine  Isabellis  post  finem  xij  annorum 
accipiet  omnes  fructus  terrae  praed.  usque  ad  reditum  patris  sui  vel  matris  suae  vel  puerorum  qui  recedent 
cum  patre  suo  vel  matre  sua ;  et  ut  ista  conventio  firma  et  stabilis  et  inconcussa  et  sine  dolo  per  xij  annos 
permaneat  factum  est  inter  illos  cyrographum  bipartitum.  (Clause  of  seals  mutually  appended.)  Actum 
anno  Incarnationis  Domini,  m'.cc''  vicesimo  v'".  Hiis  test.  Willo  de  Hyndeley,  Alano  de  Thesedale, 
Ada  Dreng,  Rob.  fil.  Fabiani,  Ranulfo  de  Fairhil,  Gilberto  fratre  suo,  Ricardo  de  Corwelle  et  multis  aliis. 
(Seal  wanting.) 

Ibid.  No.  6926.*  .  .  .  Ego  Fabianus  .  .  .  confirmavi  Willelmo  de  Morphache  cum  Agneta  filia  mea  in 
liberum  maritagium  et  heredibus  ex  ipso  Willo  et  Agneta  progressis  terciam  partem  tocius  terrae  meae  quam 
teneo  in  villa  de  Cuictunstal,  scil.,  illas  xx.  acras  terrae  quas  Domina  Hawys  aliquamdiu  tenuit  in  villa  de 
Cuictunstal.  Habendam  .  .  .  Reddendo  annuatim  mihi  et  hered.  meis  j  libram  cymini  ad  festum 
S.  Cuthberti  in  Septembri  et  faciendo  forinsecum  serv.  quantum  pertinet  ad  tant.  terram  in  eadem  villa 
de  Cuictunstal.  Test.  hiis.  Willo  de  Hindelay,  Roberto  de  Maynewelle,  Ranulfo  de  Fayrhil,  Gileberto 
fratre  ejus,  Alano  de  Tesedale,  Helia  de  Stocefehlt,  Millone  de  Cuictunstal,  Gileberto  de  Heley,  Alano 
de  Milneburne  et  pluribus  aliis.     (Seal  wanting.) 

Vol.  VI.  24 


l86  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

Sibilla  before  1245- 1246,  when,  for  three  marks  of  silver  given  to  her  by 
Guide  de  Arenis  in  her  great  need,  she  released  to  him  her  rights  m  her 
father's  lands  by  the  return  of  a  writ  de  inortc  antecessorts,  before  the  king's 
justiciar,  Sir  Roger  de  Thurkilleby,  at  Newcastle,  30  Hen.  III.' 

The  transactions  by  which  Whittonstall  and  Newlands  were  transferred 
from  the  family  of  Darrayns  to  that  of  Menevill  were  spread  over  a  series  of 
years.  In  1288  Guy  Darrayns  quit-claimed  to  Adam  de  Menevill  all  right 
in  a  rent  of  10  marcs  arising  out  of  Whittonstall."  On  Wednesday  after 
Nov.  20th,  1292,  Guy  Darrayns,  lord  of  Whittonstall,  conveyed  to  Master 
Roger  de  Hecham  of  Newcastle  two  parts  of  the  manor,  certain  lands, 
more  specifically  described  in  the  deed,  his  court  of  the  vill  of  Whittonstall 
and  of  Newlands,  with  all  its  appurtenances,  the  coal  mines,  etc.,  in  return 
for  which  there  was  to  be  paid  for  fourteen  years  one  silver  obolus  at 
Christmas,  and  after  the  termination  of  the  said  term  of  fourteen  years, 
twenty  marcs  of  silver  by  two  yearly  payments.  Sir  Robert  de  Mayneuille, 
knight,  Simon  de  Dissington,  Richard  Tyson,  John  de  Normanuille,  John 
de  Mayneuille,  Gilbert  de  Fayrhill,  Adam  de  Eltringham,  and  others,  were 
witnesses  to  the  charter.'  By  a  deed  made  at  Whittonstall,  on  Tuesday, 
January  4th,  1295,  in  the  presence  of  Sir  John  Swyneburne  and  Sir  William 
de  Haltone,  knights,  Robert  de  Boteland,  Richard  Tyson,  William  de 
Tyndale,  William  de  Biwelle,  clerk,  and  others,  Guy  Darryns  conveyed 
certain  lands  and  houses  held  by  Roger  the  grieve,  and  others,  to  John  de 
Vallibus.^ 

'  Dur.  Tn-as.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6926.!  ....  Sibilla  filia  quondam  Willi  de  Morpath  ....  quietum 
clamasse  ....  Guidoni  de  Arenis  et  her.  suis  totum  jus  et  clamium  quod  habui  ....  in  xx.  acris  terrae 
cum  pert,  in  Quictunstall,  quas  petii  versus  praed.  Guidonem  per  breve  Dni  Regis  de  morte  antecessoris 
coram  Dno  Rogero  de  Thurkilleby  et  sociis  suis  justic.  Dni  Regis  apud  Novum  Castrum  super  Tynam 
itinerant.   a°   regni    Reg.    Henr.   fil.   regis   Johis   xxx.    pro   iij  marcis   argenti   quas   praed.   Guido   mihi 

dedit  in  mea  magna  necessitate Test.  Willo  Heyrun,  tunc  vicecom.  Norhumbriae,  Hugone  de 

Bolebec,  Eustac.  de  laual,  Henr.  de  laual,  Willo  de  Wybir',  Rob  de  Cressewelle,  Ada  Barat,  Willo 
de  Mesnilhermer,  Nicholao  de  Frankeville,  Henr.  de  B'netone,  Nicholao  de  Whitcestre,  Willo  de 
Salecok  et  aliis.      Round  seal  of  green  wax,  ij   inches  diameter.      Fkur-de-lys.     ^  S'  SYBILLE  FIL 

WILLI   DE   MORPA. 

-  Ibid.  No.  6915.  '  Ibid.  No.  6914  b.  '  Ibid.  No.  6909. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS. 


187 


DARRAYNS    OF    WHITTONSTALL    AND    CALLERTON. 


The  seals  attached  to  the  Darrayns  charter,  preserved  in  the  Treasury  at  Durham,  bear  an  orle,  upon  wliich  are  six 
small  objects  which  resemble,  but  are  not,  escallop  shells.     Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6595. 

Bernard  de  Arenis  had  from  Hugh  de  Baliol  =  [Isabella,  daughter  of  Alden  de    Hindley  ;   she 
a  grant  of  the  manor  of  Whittonstall  (a).  I  re-married  Sir  William  de  Hindley  (i/).] 


Guy  Darrayns,  son  and  heir,  in  1240  held  Whittonstall,  Callerton  Darrayns, 
and  East  Heddon  (/();  founded  a  chantry  in  the  church  of  Bywell  St. 
Peter  ;   and  died  before  1268  (c). 


Roger  Darrayns,  son  and  heir  ;  party  to 
an  agreement  with  Alexander  de  Baliol 
in  1272  (e)  ;  held  lands  (.at  Callerton) 
of  the  manor  of  Mitford  in  1275  (.?)  \ 
died  before  1286  (/),aged  30  years  {/). 


Hawys  (x). 


Milo   de    Whittonstall, 
alias  Milo  Darenes. 


Isolda,  liv.  at 
Callerton, 
29th    Nov., 
1300  (/4). 


Josceline  Darrayns, 
to  whom  Sibiila 
de  Hindley  gave 
lands  at  Hindley 


I 
Ysabela,  mar. 
William,  son 
of  William  the 
Hunter  of  Me- 
domsley  (;). 


Hugh  Darrayns  of  Hind- 
ley, whose  lands 
descended  to  Guy 
Darrayns  'jure  heredi- 
tario  '  ;  liv.  1292  (ro). 


Guy  Darrayns,  son  and  heir,  was  3  years  of  age  at  his  father's  death,  and 
became  ward  of  Eleanor  de  Genovre,  wife  of  Alexander  de  Baliol  (/)  ; 
granted  lands  at  Whittonstall,  4th  January,  1295/6,  to  John  de 
Vaux  (X). 


Milo,  a  witness  to  a  grant 
from  Robert,  son  of  Fabian 
de  Whittonstall;  brother  of  Ydo 
de  Areines  (/). 


. . .  ^  Sir  Robert  Darrayns,  knight,  of  =  2nd,  Aline  . . .  mar. 


Callerton  Darrayns,  Whitton- 
stall and  Newlands  ;  sheriff  of 
Northumberland,  1334-1339 
(/«)  ;  died,  indebted  to  the 
Crown,  3rd  Dec.  1344;  Itiq. 
/.»!.  19 Edw.  1 1 1 .  No.  53  (y)  (i). 


Robert  Darrayns,  son 
and  heir,  was  9 
years  of  age  at  the 
time  of  his  father's 
inquisition  ;  died 
s.p.  («)■ 


I 


at  Ponteland, 
Wednesd'y,  29th 
June,  1344;  had 
assignment  of 
dower,  August 
loth  of  same 
year. 


I 
William    Dar- 
rayns,  party 
todeeds,i353 
and  1357  («), 
acquired 
Brotherwick 
before 


1349 


Matilda,  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Gwychard  and 
Isabella  de  Hebburn  of 
Newton-by-the-Sea, 
mar.  after  19th  March, 
1350,  and  before  2nd 
April,  1353  («)• 


Isabella, sister  and  heiress(i(),  mar.  William  de  Kellawe 
of  Great  Lumley  ;  living  a  widow  at  Midsummer, 
1366,  when  she  released  her  rights  in  Whittonstall 
to  William  de  Menevile  (->),  and,  in  136S,  when 
Roger  de  Widdrington  granted  her  an  annual  rent 
of  los.  out  of  Ellington,  which  had  once  belonged 
to  her  father  {I). 


I 
William,  son  of  Matilda 
Darrayns  (;■). 


I 
Isolda,  daughter 
of  Guy  Dar- 
rayns, in  1345 
granted  lands 
at  Newton  to 
William  de 
Charlton  (p). 


Isabella  (/). 


Christian,  married  Awkland  (;•). 


(0 


(<•) 


(a)  P.  R.  O.    Greeniokh    Hospital    Documents,    box    20, 
bundle  'O,'  No.  16. 
Testa  de  Nevill,  pp.  382,  383,  385. 
Inq.p.m.  Johanna  de  Balliol,  53  Hen.  111.,  No.  43. 
(rf)  In  a  grant  made  by  Fabian  de  Ouictunstal  before 
1225  of    25  acres  of   land,   they   are  said   to    be 
those   which   Domina    Hawys   once    held ;    Dur. 
Tieas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6926'*. 
Inq. p.m.  Adam  de  Menevill,  35  Edw.  1.  No.  125. 
(/)  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  5494. 
\gS  Ihid.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6928. 
Ch)    Ibid.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6924. 
(!)     ////(/.  I'"""  5'"°,  Elemos.  No.  3. 
(y)    Cakndarium  Genealogicutn^  p.  744. 
(X-)    Dur.    Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6914.* 
(/)    Jbid.  No.  6927*.     '  Hiis  testibus.     Domino  Willelnui 
de  Hinder,  Ydone  de  Araines,  Milone  fratre  ejus.' 
(»i)  P.R.O.  Lists  and  Indexes,  No.  ix. 
(«)    Cf.  vol.  ii.  of  this  work,  pp.  88,  89. 
(0)     Cf.  vol.  v.  of  this  work,  p.  255. 
(/)  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  255. 


(y)  Robert,  William  and  Symon  Darrayns  are  men- 
tioned in  a  list  of  men-at-arms,  7th  July,  1323. 
Hodgson-Hind,  Northumlierland,  p.  303. 

(y)  Brit.  Mus.  Harl.  AI.SS.  11 53,  fol.  52,  and  1448,  fol.  13. 

(j)  Cf.  Northumlierland  Assize  Rolls,  18-22  Edw.  III. 
Duke  of  Northumberland's  Transcript,  pp.  386, 
423,  and  436. 

(0    Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  5161. 

(h)  Cf.  Northumberland  .Assize  Rolls,  28-32  Edw.  111. 
Duke  of  Northumberland's  Transcript,  p.  493. 

(v)  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6920.  Ydo  de  Arenes 
grants,  '  nomine  dotis,'  to  his  mother  Isabella  and 
Sir  William  de  Hindeley  20?.  out  of  Hidewin,  and 
half  a  marc  out  of  Unthanz  for  the  life  of  Isabella. 

(w)  Ibid.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6922.  yuit-clairafrom  Guydo 
Darayns  to  Adam  de  Menevile  of  all  right  in  lands 
which  once  belonged  to  Hugo  Darayns  in  Hinde- 
ley which  descended  to  Guy  'jurehereditario.'  Ibid. 
No.  6931  ;  Hugo  de  Arrayns  grants  to  Adam 
de  Meneville  a  messuage  and  6  acres  of  land  in 
the  vill  of  Hindley.     At  Hyndeley  .^.D.  1292/3. 


i88 


TH1-.    PARISH    OF    HYWKl.l.    ST.    PETER. 


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QUlKCUiMSTAL   SUBSIDY   KOLL,    1 296. 

Suiniiia  bononini  Joliannis  filii  Cliiistianae 
Nicholai  inolenclinarii 
Gilbcrti  filii  praeposili 

Johannis  filii  Jordani 

Robert!  Mayre  

Rogeri  de  Hcctham  {sic)       

Patricii  de  Bywell       

Willclmi  filii  Julianae... 
Ricardi  Hyiing 

Roberti  de  Craucrok 

Waldevi  de  Quikunstal 
Eliae  filii  Ranulphi     ... 
Suninia  totalis  hujus  villae,  £\Z  lys.  jAd.     Unde  domino  leyi,  34s.  6id. 

By  a  deed  executed  at  Felton,  on  the  28th  of  December,  1298,  Adam 
de   Menevill   obtained  a  release   from   Guy  Darrayns  of  all  claims  on  ten 

marks  a  year,  rent  which  he  had 
agreed  to  pay  for  lands,  etc.,  in 
Whittonstall,'  and  a  similar  release 
was  given  at  Corbridge,  on  Decem- 
ber 6th,  1299,  for  all  the  money 
Adam  was  owing  for  lands  in 
Quyctunstal  and  Neulond.^  By 
an  undated  deed  made  before  Sir 
Robert  de  Balliol,  knight,  sheriff 
of  Northumberland,  and  other 
witnesses,  Guy  Darrayns  conveyed 
his  lands  and  coal  mines  in  Whitton- 
stall, together  with  the  reversion 
of  the  lands  there  held  in  dower 
by  his  mother  Isolda,  to  John  de 
Vallibus,^  who  by  a  quit-claim  dated 
at  Leysingby,  on  June  9th,  1299, 
obtained  from  Isolda,  widow  of  Roger  de  Areyns,  her  dower  lands  at  a 
payment  of  40s.  a  year  for  her  life,  with  a  covenant  to  satisfy  her  for  ward 

'  DuY.  Trcas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6915. 

■'  Ibid.    No.   6595.       Seal   round,   one   inch    m   diameter.       OrU  charged   with    si.K   indeterminate 
bearings  :  =■=  SIGILLVM  :  gei  :  darenis.     An  enlarged  reproduction  is  given  in  the  te.\t. 

'Ibid.  No.  6918. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  1 89 

and  relief  if  any  of  the  free  tenants  should  die.^  By  a  deed  made  at  Caller- 
ton,^  on  November  29th,  1300,  Isolda  quit-claimed  to  John  de  Vallibus  the 
said  rent  of  40s.  and  released  the  lands  from  all  claim/  her  son  Guy,  by 
a  deed  made  at  the  same  place  on  the  same  day,  confirming  the  release.* 

All  of  these  conveyances  seem  to  have  been  by  way  of  mortgage, 
for  when  Robert  Darrayns  of  Callerton  died,  on  the  3rd  of  December 
1344,  in  debt  to  the  Crown  to  the  amount  of  £12']  i8s.  5d.,  incurred 
when  he  was  sheriff,'  his  lands  were  seised  to  the  king's  use  by  Robert 
Bertram,  the  escheator,  and  his  newly  married  second  wife  had  some 
difficulty  in  obtaining  possession  of  her  thirds.  Several  inquisitions  were 
held,  which  show  that  Robert  Darrayns,  at  the  time  of  his  death,  held  a 
capital  messuage,  a  dovecot  and  demesne  lands,  with  certain  messuages 
and  rents  in  Whittonstall,  held  of  the  manor  of  Bywell  by  homage  and 
suit  of  court  every  third  week,  and  the  payment  of  3s.  4d.  to  the  castle 
ward  of  Newcastle.  In  Newlands  he  held  a  free  rent  of  8d.  payable 
by  John  de  Newland,  a  water  mill,  13  husbandlands,  and  4  cottages, 
all  held  of  the  manor  of  Bywell,  rendering  yearly  5^  marks,  besides 
a  rent  charge  payable  to  [illegible]  of  ^5." 

'  Vtid.  No.  6923.  .  .  .  Esolda  de  Areyns  relicta  Rogeri  de  Areyns  .  .  .  quietum  clamasse  Johi 
de  Vallibus  et  hered.  suis  ....  omnes  illas  terras  cum  onin.  suis  pert,  quas  habeo  in  villa  de  Qiiictonstall 
cum  serviciis  liberorum,  quas  quidem  terras  et  quae  scrv.  [lijabeo  in  praed.  villa  nomine  dotis.  Hab.  et 
tenend.  .  .  .  reddendo  inde  niihi  in  tota  vita  mea  xl.  sol.  pro  omn.  demandis.  Et  si  ita  contingit  quod 
aliquis  lib.  tenencium  me  vivente  in  fata  decedat,  tunc  volo  quod  praed.  Johannes  de  warda  et  relevio  mihi 
satisfaciat,  si  ita  sit  quod  uardam  vel  relevium  debeo  habere  secundum  quantitatem  wardae  et  relevii.     In 

cujus  rei  test Hiis  test.  Dno.  Johe  de  Swyneburne  milite,  Johe  de  Haltone,  Robt.  de  Reymes,  Robt. 

de  Botelaund,  Ric.  Turpyn,  Petro  de  Elande,  et  aliis.  Dat.  apud  Leysingby  die  martis  prox.  post  fest. 
Pent,  anno  Dni.  mcc.  nonogesimo  nono.  (.Seal  wanting.)  About  one-half  of  a  seal  is  left  to  another 
deed  of  Isolda  de  Arayns  (Misc.  Chart.  No.  6925).  It  is  pointed  oval,  ij  inches  by  i  inch.  A  female 
figure  standing,  having  upon  her  extended  left  arm  a  falcon,  while  a  dog  leaps  up  towards  her.  Above 
the  falcon  is  a  crescent  moon  and  a  star.     SIGILLVM  :  .   .    .    . 

Another  almost  similar  deed.  Witnesses  Wydo  de  Aireynis  my  son,  John  de  Hedewyne,  Robert  de 
Couyngtre,  Peter  de  Eland,  Wald'  de  Qyttonstalle,  and  others.  Dated  at  Caluerdoun,  vigil  of  S.  Andrew, 
29  Edw.  I.  (November  29th,  1300). 

-  Callerton  Darrayns — now  Darras-hall.  ^  Dnr.  Tveas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6923,  No.  6924. 

'  Ibid.  No.  6919.  Ysolda  de  Harayns,  and  Gydo  de  Harayns,  her  son,  by  a  deed  made  in  1299, 
granted  to  Roger  de  Hecham  a  rent  of  30s.,  arising  out  of  Whittonstal.    Duv.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6594. 

''  \  nostre  seignur  le  Roi  et  a  soun  conseil  monstre  Robert  le  fitz  Robert  Darreyns  nadgers  viscount 
de  Northumber'  qe  com  toutz  les  terres  et  tenements  qe  furent  au  dit  Robert  son  pier  furent  seisez  en  la 
mayn  nostre  dit  seignur  le  Roi  par  le  viscount  en  dit  Counte  pur  certeynge  dette  d.\illci;ibk'\  au  Roi  en 
la  vie  le  dit  Robert  le  pier  apres  qi  niort  certeingez  gentz  sount  abattyz  sur  la  possessioun  le  Roi  et  les 
vns  enpledent  altres  par  asset  des  ditz  terres  et  rentes  issuant  des  meismes  les  tenementz  en  prejudice  du 
dit  nostre  seignur  le  Roi  et  desheritaunce  du  dit  Robert  fitz  Robert  qi  vncore  est  dencz  age.  Par  qe 
pleise  a  nostre  dit  seignur  le  Roi  ensi  ordiner  qe  lestat  nostre  dit  seignur  le  Roi  celle  partie  lui  seit  sauue 
et  lenfaunt  sauue  sauncz  desheriteson.     [Endorsed.     'Nichil  fiat.']     P.R.O.  Ancient  Petitions,  No.  S235. 

'•  Inq.  pm.  Robert  Darrayns:  19  Edw.  III.  first  numbers,  No.  53.  Writs  dated  12th  July,  1344; 
14th  July,  1344  ;  19th  May,  1345  ;  4th  August,  1345  ;  loth  March,  1345/6.  Inquisitions  taken  [illegible] 
1345  ;   12th  August,  1345  ;  2Sth  July,  1344.     Assignment  of  Dower,  iSth  August,  1344. 


IQO  THE  PARISH  OF  BYWEI.I.  ST.  PETER. 

It  seems  probable  that  John  de  Vans  was  a  kinsman  of  the  Menevills. 
By  an  undated  deed  in  the  possession  of  the  Greenwich  Hospital  Commis- 
sioners, John  de  Vallibus,  '  lord  of  Bewfront,'  grants  his  lands  at  Whittonstall 
to  Adam  de  Menevyle  to  hold  at  the  yearly  rent  of  ;^9  i6s.  In  case  Adam 
died  without  children  the  lands  were  to  remain  to  John  de  Meneuyle,  his 
brother,  and  his  heirs,  with  remainder  successively  to  Matilda,  sister  of 
Adam  and  John,  and  her  heirs,  to  Isabel,  his  sister,  and  her  heirs,  with  the 
ultimate  remainder  to  the  heirs  of  John  de  Vallibus  himself.' 

About  the  year  1307  Adam  de  Menevill  obtained  a  grant  of  free  warren 
in  Whittonstall^  and  at  the  same  time  there  was  a  suit  respecting  the  iron 
mines  of  Whittonstall  and  Newlands  between  him  and  John  of  Brittany,  then 
lord  of  the  barony  of  Bywell,^  whose  bailiffs  had,  without  Adam's  licence, 
been  digging  for  ore.  A  commission  was  issued  on  the  27th  of  March,  1307, 
to  John  de  Vallibus  and  Robert  de  Barton  to  hold  an  enquiry,  and  accord- 
ingly an  inquisition  was  taken  at  Corbridge  on  the  19th  of  May  following. 
It  was  found  that  '  John  de  Balliolo,  father  of  Hugh,  x\lexander,  and  of 
John  de  Balliolo,'  then  living,  had  granted  to  Guy  Darreins  all  his  lands  and 
tenements  in  Whittonstal  and  the  Neuland  by  boundaries  mentioned  in  the 
charter;  that  after  Guy  Darrayns's  death  his  son  Roger  leased  the  said  land 
and  all  things  thereto  belonging  to  the  said  Alexander  de  Baliol  for  a  term 
of  twelve  years.  Roger  died,  leaving  his  son  Guy,  only  three  years  of  age, 
whose  wardship  was  given  by  the  said  Alexander  de  Baliol,  to  his  wife 
Alianor  de  Genoure.  The  inquiry  seems  to  show  that  no  reservation  of  the 
mines  had  been  made  to  the  lord  of  Bywell.^ 

By  a  deed,  dated  at  York,  Nov.  13th,  1318,  which  Adam  de  Menevill 
had  from  John  de  Stutevill,  the  latter  quit-claimed  lands  and  tenements 
in  Bywell  and  Stokesfield,  and  the  pools  (stagnis)  and  fisheries  in  the  water 

'  Whittonstall  deeds  ;   Grecnu-kh  Hospital  Papers,  No.  5.     A  charter  to  the  same  purport  in  the 
Treasury  at  Durham  (Misc.  Chart.  No.  6945)  gives  the  reserved  rent  at  ^10. 

-  Cal.  Rot.  Chart.  35  Edward  I.  No.  64.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  394. 

'  The  boundaries  of  Adam  de  Menevill's  lands  are  set  out  in  the  following  document : — 
\\x  per  ambulacyon  fait  per  enter  monsire  Johan  Nevel  seniore  de  Bywell,  et  monsire  Adam 
Menavell  seniore  de  Wyttonstall,  et  monsire  Johan  Derres,  enter  lez  teres  de  Bywell,  Whyttonstall  et 
Newlandes.  En  primis  a  commensere  all  mydstreme  de  Derwent  ove  lez  boundes  de  Northumbrie  et 
lez  boundes  de  Busschoppriche  et  Whyttonstall  departere  all  pee  de  Huntborne  et  illouqes  assendere  all 
Elldyne  myres  iesquis  all'  Apperly  parksyde,  et  issynt  all'  Skytterlyn  hede  et  illouqes  iesquis  all'  Tute 
thorn  de  Careborne  hede  iesquis  all'  bounder  de  le  neyff  Folldys  dele  Faile  evyll  sur  Farle,  et  illouqes 
iesquis  all  Gray  mere.  En  Bakworth  leche  et  illouqes  per  une  seme  foss  iesquis  all'  Vnthankfelde  syde 
et  illouqes  iesquis  all  Dede-man  lech,  et  issint  per  le  mydes  dell  more  borne  iesquis  all  Derwent  ow  yll. 
commensere  devante  dyte.  Greenwich  Hospital  Documents,  Whittonstall,  box  20,  bundle  'O,'  No.  12. 
'  Inq.  p.m.  Adam  de  Menevill,  35  Edw.  I.  No.  125.     Cf.  Culendarium  Gencalogicum,  p.  743. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  I9I 

of  Tyne  ;^  and,  in  1310,  he  obtained  a  charter  of  confirmation  from  John 
de  Corbrigge  of  lands  in  the  same  place  given  him  by  John  de  Ullesby.^ 
By  a  deed  made  in  London  on  the  5th  of  May,  1316,  Robert,  son  of 
Walter  le  Glaswriste  del  Neweland,  grants  all  his  lands  in  le  Newelande 
to  John,  son  of  Adam  de  Menevill.''  In  1331  Adam's  son,  John  de 
Menevill,  granted  a  lease  of  the  pool  (estaunk)  and  fishery  of  Bywell  to 
Adam  Uncouth  of  Ovyntone/  By  a  deed  made  at  Whittonstall  on  the 
3rd  of  October,  1325,  William  de  Silkesworthe  conveyed  the  manor'  of 
Wittonstal  and  Neweland,  with  the  land  of  Fairhill,  to  John,  son  of  Adam 
de  Meneuille,  and  Agnes  his  wife.  If  Agnes  outlived  John  she  was  to 
pay  40s.  yearly  to  John's  heirs  ;  if  she  married  again  she  was  to  pay  ^^. 
Power  was  given  to  distrain  for  the  payment,  and  in  case,  through  the 
default  of  Agnes  or  her  husband,  the  land  was  uncultivated  or  made  waste 
power  was  given  to  enter  and  possess.^ 

Whittonstall  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 
Hugo  Fabyan,  4s.  ;  Robertus  Saddyng,  5s.  ;  Robertus  del  Hagg,  2s.  3d.     Summa,  iis.  3d. 

On  the  6th  of  June,  1336,  a  commission  was  appointed  pursuant  to  an 
ordinance  made  in  the  last  Parliament  to  arrest  Richard  Scot,  John  de 
Galeway,  John  de  Houghton,  Thomas  de  Galeway,  Thomas  Haukyn,  Robert 
Hert,  Hugh  son  of  Geoffrey  Rabas,  Adam  de  Holynsyde,  and  Robert  de 
Felton,  '  chaundaler,'  who  had  murdered  John  Lubbald  and  Roger  Lubbald 
at  the  West  Spitalcroft  '  in  the  barony  of  Bywell,'  and  were  suspected  of 
other  felonies.*' 

John  de  Menevill  in  1341  acquired  Horden  in  the  county  of  Durham,' 
and  apparentlv  made  that  place  his  chief  residence.     He  was  party  to  the 

'  Dur.  Trcas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  254.  To  the  deed  a  pretty  Httle  seal  is  attached.  It  is  round,  J  inch 
in  diameter.  Within  a  cuspcd  quatrefoil  with  leaf,  sprays  in  the  cuspings,  is  placed  a  shield  bearing 
barry  offijteen,  over  all  a  lion  rampant,     s'  IED.\N  DE  STOVTEVile. 

2  Ibid.  No.  245.  >  Ibid.  No.  696.  ■■  Ibid.  No.  248. 

''  Ibid.  No.  6597.  To  this  deed  the  seal  is  attached.  On  a  shield  a  lion  rampant,  standing  on  the 
shield,  an  eagle  displayed. 

'  Cal.  Pat.  Rolls,  10  Edward  III.  pt.  i.  memb.  2.  Cf.  Ibid.  10  Edward  III.  pt.  i.  memb.  4  ;  and  10 
Edward  III.  pt.  ii.  memb.  16. 

'  In  1340  Sir  Thomas  Holland  gave  power  of  attorney  to  give  seisin  to  Ralph  de  Neville  of  two 
parts  of  the  manor  of  Horden  {Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6263) ;  and  in  the  same  year  Ralph  de 
Nevill,  lord  of  Raby,  granted  the  manor  of  Horden  to  John,  son  of  Adam  de  Menvill  (Ibid.  Misc.  Chart. 
No.  6264).  In  1341  John  de  Menevill  and  his  wife  Agnes  had  a  grant  from  Robert,  son  of  Robert  de 
Holland,  of  a  third  part  of  the  manor  of  Horden  {Ibid.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6265).  In  1354,  Robert  de 
Holland  having  granted  two  parts  of  the  manor  of  Horden  to  his  brother,  Sir  Thomas  de  Holland,  for 
his  life,  and  Thomas  having  granted  the  same  to  John,  son  of  Adam  de  Menevill  and  Agnes,  his  wife, 
who  have  in  turn  granted  the  same  to  their  son,  William  de  Menevill,  Robert  de  Holland  quitclaims  the 
same  to  William  de  Menevill  {Ibid.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6272). 


iq: 


THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 


settlement  made,  June  nth,  1356,  upon  tlie  marriage  of  John,  son  of  Adam 
da  Vans,  witli  I^arnaha,  daughter  of  Roger  de  Widdrington.'  Some  indefinite 
interest  in  Whittonstall  was  retained  by  the  Vaux  family  as  late  as  1385, 
when  a  commission  was  issued  on  the  21st  of  August,  by  Richard  II.,  to 
enquire  into  a  complaint  made  by  Thomas  Menevill  that  John  Vans,  Alan 
Vans,  and  other  men  of  Hexhamshire  had  raided  his  lands  at  Whittonstall 
and  Fairhill,  had  carried  off  30  horses,  20  heifers,  100  oxen,  100  cows,  and 
other  goods,  had  beaten  and  wounded  his  men  and  servants  and  had  done 
damage  to  the  enormous  amount  of  ^^f  1,000.'' 

'  Dnr.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6947.    Also  Egcrton  Charters,  IJrit.  Miis.  No.  539.    Cf.  vol.  iv.  p.  201. 
=  Dnr.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6964,  No.  6965.     CJ.  Pat.  Rolls,  8  Richard  II.  pt.  i.  memb.  8. 


MENEVILL    OF  WHITTONSTALL   AND    HORDEN. 

Arms  :  A   cross  engrailed. 

Robert  de  Menevill,  as  a  holder  of  20  librates  of  land,  =  ...  [?  sister  of 
22nd  Sept.,  1278,  gave  security  to  t.ike  upon  him  the  order  |  Ivobert  de 
of  knighthood  (.4)  ;  as  Sir  Robert  de  Maynevill,  knight,  j  Wyberis].* 
was  witness  to  a  Whittonstall  charter,  26th  Nov.,  1292. 


I 
Adam  de  Menevill  (a),  in  1286  : 
nephew   and   heir   of   Robert 
de  Wybur'  (;•);  i\t:Acirca  1306; 
Itiq.    p.m.    35    Edw.    [.    No. 
125  (/). 


I 
John  de  Menevyle  = 
of  Milburn(a)  (c). 


I     I 

Matilda  (a). 
Isabella  (a). 


John  de  Menevill  of  Milburn,  living  26th 
March,  1325  (<:). 


John  de  Menevill  (/5)  ; 
in  1343  had  a  release 
of  Horden,  co.  Dur- 
ham («■). 


Agnes,  dau.  of  William  de  SilkevvortheCy)  ;  mar.  on 
or  before  3rd  Oct.,  1325  (Ji)  ;  party  to  deed  in 
'343  O^)  ;  living  a  widow  in  1 361,  in  possession 
of  Thornley  (m)  (0). 


Dyonisia,liv.  =  Sir  William  de   Mene-  = 


1366  (-/) 
buried     at 
Easington 


vill,  knight,  lord  of 
Horden,  purchased 
St.  Mary's  Hospital 
lands  at  Whittonstall, 
9th  July,  1368  (^); 
died  circa  1372  ;  Inq. 
p.m.  28,  Hatfield 
(1372)  {m);  will  dated 
20th  Jan.,  1371  ;  to  be 
bur.  at  Easington  («). 


Isabella,  daughter 
of  Sir  Marma- 
dukede  Lumley  ; 
she  re -married 
Sir  William  Ful- 
thorp,  knight  (/), 
before  1st  Oct., 
1397  ;  Inq.  p.m. 
12  Skirlaw  (1399- 
1400)  (0- 


I      I 
John       de 

Menevill, 
liv.  17th 
March, 

1.333  (w). 
Nicholas 
de  Mene- 
vill, liv. 
loth  Oct. 
I354('«)- 


Thomas  de  Menvill,  of  =  Alice liv. 


Apperley  in  1366 
(w),  upon  whom  his 
brother  entailed  lands 
in  Hawthorn  in  1354, 
and  who  had  a  lease  of 
Whittonstall  and  New- 
lands  in  1372  (?)  ; 
named  in  his  brother's 
will  (;;)  ;  liv.  9th  Oct., 

1397  W- 


1410,  in  pos- 
session of  her 
dower  ;  Isa- 
bella, widow 
of  SirWilliam 
Cla.xton,  was 
her  heir  (^). 


1st,  William  de  Laton,  lord  =  Isabella,  daughter  and  sole  heiress,  was  18  years  of  age  in  1372,  =  2nd,  Sir  William 
of  Laton,  CO.   Pal.,   mar.    '      had  letters  of  fraternity  from  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham,    !  de     Claxton, 

before  Aug.,  1372  (w)  (i).  '    ■  -  ■  ■     '   ■ 


I2th  August,  1416  (»;)  ;  died  2nd  February,  1421  {m). 


knight  (s). 


*  In  a  deed,  dated  1286,  Robert  de  Wyberis  grants  to  Adam,  son  of  Sir  Robert  de  Menevill,  his  nephew,  a  rent  in 
Newlands.     Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  5492. 

(a)  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6,945  ;  ('')  It>>d.  No.  6,597  ;  (c)  Ibid.  No.  6,934  ;  {d)  Ii,d.  Nos.  6,939,  6,961 ; 
(<•)  I/'id.  No.  6,941;  (/)  Uid.  No.  6,949;  (^)  I/iid.  No.  6,966;  (/O  ///;(/.  6,967;  {2)  Hid.  No.  6,266;  (X)  Palgrave, 
Parliamentary  Writs  ;  Hodgson-Hind,  Northumherland,  p.  296;  (/)  Cakiidarmm  Geiiealogicum,  p.  743;  («;)  Surtees 
Durham,  vol.  i.  p.  30  ;  («)  Durham  Wills  and  Inventories,  Raine,  p.  32  ;  (0)  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  274  ;  (/)  Ibtd. 
vol.  ii.  p.  162  ;  (y)  Ibid.  vol.  i.  p.  306;   (;•)  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6492  ;  (s)  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  i.  p.  28. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS. 


193 


By  a  deed  made  at  Whittonstall,  November  31st,  1344,  William  de 
Meneville  manumitted  William  Darraunt  whom,  with  his  offspring,  goods, 
chattels,  etc.,  Roger,  lord  of  Eltrincham,  had  conveyed  to  him.^ 

William  de  Menevill  left  an  only  daughter,  Isabella,  lady  of  Whittonstall 
and  Horden,  who  became  wife,  first  of  William  de  Laton,  and  secondly  of 
Sir  William  Claxton,  knight  ;  by  the  first  marriage  she  had  issue  a  daughter, 
and  was  succeeded  by  the  eldest  son  of  her  second  marriage,  who  bore 
his  father's  name  of  William. 

CLAXTON. 


Akms  :   Gules,  a  fess  behueen  I  hedgehogs  argent.      Crest: 


Out  of  a  ducal  coronet  or,  a  hedgehog. 

St.  George's  Visitation  of  Durham,  1615. 


Joan ,  living  at 

Epiphany,  I369(ff), 
1st  wife. 


Sir  William  Cla.xton,  : 
knight,  lord  of  Cla.x- 
ton  (rt)  ;   will  dated 
1380  («)■ 


Isabella,  widow  of  William  de  Laton,  and  daughter  and  heir  of  William 
de  Menevill  (n),  living  a  widow  14th  January,  1387  (//)  ;  had  letters  of 
fraternity  from  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham,  I2ih  August,  1416  ; 
died  2nd  February,  142 1  (a). 


Sir  William  Claxton, knight, heir  to  his  mother's  estates  =  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Ralph  Eure,  John  Claxton 

at  Horden,  Haswell,  Hawthorn  and  Pespool, all  in  CO.  knight,  living  a  widow  29th   May,  g  of     Hulam, 

Pal.;  aged  4oin  1421  ;  diedi43o;  will  pr.  jisl  .May,  Hen.  VI.  (a),  towhora  Isabella  Claxton  co.Pal.(_a), 

1430  {a)  ;  had  seisin  of  the  manor  of  \Vhittonstall,  gave  a  reversionary  interest  in   Fair-  etc.,  etc. 

and  landsat  Fayrhill,  2nd  May,  1413  (c).                      ;  hill  and  Whittonstall  (^).  ^ 


Other 
issue. 


Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  Sir  William 
Hilton  of  Hilton, 
baron  of  the 
bishopric  («). 


'  Sir  Robert  Claxton, knt. 
of  Horden,  Claxton, 
and  Dilston  {a)  ;  died 
1484  ;  Inq.  p.m.  4th 
October,  1491  (n). 


Anne,  daughter  of  Wm. 
Stapleton,  living  his 
wife  1st  May,  13  Hen. 
V(.  and  1479  (rt). 


Ml  II 

John  Claxton,  second  son,  to  whom  Elizabeth, 

his  father  gave  lands  in  Holome  (a).  liv.    I430 

Richard  Claxton,  third  son,  a  priest,  (a). 

living  1430  (a).  Joan,     liv. 

Thomas  Claxton,  youngest  son  (a).  1430  (a). 


Margaret,  daughter 
and  co-heir,  mar- 
ried Sir  William 
Elmeden,  knight; 
was  50  years  of 
age  4th  October, 
1484  (a). 


Jane,  daughter  and  co-heir,  mar- 
John  Cartington  of  Cartington ; 
was  40  years  of  age  4th 
October,  1484  ;  living  a  widow 
20th  February,  1522  (a)  ;  in 
1 5 19  'lady  of  Whittonstall  and 
Newlands'  (c)  ;  articles  before 
marriage,  19th  Dec,  1457  (c). 


Elizabeth,  daughter  and  co-heir,  mar. 
Richard  Conyers,  second  son  of  Sir 
John  Conyers  of  Hornby,  co.  Ebor.; 
articles  before  marriage,  loth  Nov. 
1464  (a)  ;  she  re-married  Robert 
Pilkington  ;  was  30  years  of  age 
4th  October,  1484  (n). 
4- 


Felice,  daughter  and  co- 
heir, married  Sir 
Ralph  Widdrington  of 
Widdrington,  knight; 
26  years  of  age 
October,      1484 


was 
4th 


•4/ 


(a)  Surtees'  Durham.,  vol.  i.  pt.  ii.  pp.  28,  30,  31. 
(c)  Whittonstall  Deeds, 


(Ji)  Whittonstall  Charters  in  Durham  Treasury. 
Greenwich  Hospital  Papers. 


At  Sir  Robert  Claxton's  death,  about  1484,  his  large  possessions  in  the 
county  of  Durham  were  divided  amongst  three  of  his  four  daughters,  viz. : 
Margaret,  wife  of  Sir  William  Elmeden  ;  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Richard  Conyers  ; 
and  Felice,  wife  of  Sir  Ralph  Widdrington.     Whittonstall,  Newlands  and 

'  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  659S.     The  witnesses  are  John  de  Binley,  John  de  \'aus,  Adam 
Bromley,  Thomas  son  of  Adam. 


Vol.  VI. 


25 


11)4  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

Dilston  were  given  to  his  second  daughter,  Jane,  wife  of  John  Cartington 
of  Cartington,  by  a  settlement  dated  19th  December,  1457,  made  on  her 
marriage.  She  was  living,  a  widow,  in  1522,  and  at  her  deatli  Wlhtlonstall 
and  Newlands  passed  to  her  grandson,  Cuthbert  Radcliffe  of  Dilston. 

Whitonstai.i.  Muster   Roll,   1538. 

John  Ayden,  Robert  Ayclen,  Rauff  Burk,  Wyllm  Thomson,  Robert  Wylkinson,  John  Cowper, 
Rychard  Suyrtes,  John  Surtcs,  Robert  Selby,  John  Elyson,  John  Selby,  Andro  Barkus,  Rauff  Barker, 
Peter  Ejjilstan,  Georg  Ranaldson,  Robert  Alanson,  Rychard  Brown,  Rauf  Cowper,  WyUm  Cowper, 
Raufe  Buytflore,  Christofer  Smethe,  Thomas  Erryington,  Rauff  Surtes  ;  able  with  horse  and  harnes. 
John  Barkus,  Necholas  Tomson,  Georg  Wylkynson,  John  Slaytor,  Thomas  Farbeyk,  Robert  Brown, 
Thomas  Bertson,  John  Suyrts,  Rauff  Selbye,  Georg  Elyson,  Rauff  Smythe,  George  Belly,  Thomas 
Belly,  Rychard  Belly,  John  Barker,  Rychard  Wylly,  Rog.  Belly  ;  naither  with  hors  nor  harnes.' 

In  a  survey  made  in  1570  it  is  stated  that  Sir  George  Ratclyf,  knight, 
holds  his  manor  of  Newlandes  with  all  lands,  tenements,  meadows,  feedings, 
pastures,  and  other  hereditaments  to  the  said  manor  belonging,  freely,  by 
charter,  and  pays  yearly  73s.  4d.;  he  holds  the  manor  of  Whyttonstall  by 
a  similar  tenure  but  paying  yearly  one  pound  of  pepper  only.^  At  the 
muster  of  the  Middle  Marches,  taken  on  the  Moot-law  on  March  26th, 
1580,  eight  of  Sir  George  Ratcliffe's  tenants  at  Whittonstall  presented 
themselves.'  Amongst  the  Whittonstall  and  Newlands  tenants  were  bearers 
of  the  well-known  names  of  Ridley,  Selbv,  and  Surtees. 

1587,  March.  Administration  of  the  goods  of  Richard  Selby  of  Newlands,  in  the  parish  of 
Wliittonstall,  granted  to  Eleanor  Hopper,  widow,  sister  of  the  defunct.     Raine,  Test.  Dunelm. 

1 591,  January  24th.  Will  of  John  Selbye  of  Newlands  in  the  parish  of  Whittingstal,  yeoman. 
To  be  buried  in  the  church  of  Whittingstal.  To  Margaret,  my  wife,  and  Edward  Selby,  my  son,  my 
lease  of  my  farmhold  ;  my  sons  John  and  Thomas  Selby  ;  my  daughters  Elizabeth  and  Agnes  Selby  ; 
to  Henrie  Stevenson,  my  daughter's  son.     Raine,  Test.  Dundm. 

I597i  June  5th.  Inventory  of  the  goods  of  Edward  Selby,  the  elder  of  Newlands  in  the  parish  of 
Whittonstall.     Ihid. 

1597,  August  6th.  Will  of  John  Ridley  of  Whittingstawl,  county  Northumberland,  gentleman. 
To  Thomas  Ridley,  my  half  brother,  five  marks  ;  to  my  father  ;  to  my  brother,  Francis  Ridley  ;  my 
wife's  sister,  Francis  Lasinbie  ;  to  George  Lasinbie,  my  father-in-law  ;  to  Peter,  Thomas  and  Robert 
Lasinbie,  my  brethren-in-la\v  ;  to  my  uncle,  John  Douthwaite,  and  his  wife  ;  my  child.  Inventory  dated 
December  nth,  1597.     Raine,  Test.  Dunelm. 

1604,  November  8th.  Administration  of  the  personal  estate  of  Alexander  Ridley  of  the  parish  of 
Whittonstall,  granted  to  Janet  Ridley,  the  widow  ;  Thomas  and  Francis  Ridley,  the  sons.     Ibui. 

161 1,  July  28th.  Will  of  John  Selbie  of  Newlands,  in  the  parish  of  Whittingstall.  To  my  son, 
Lancelot  ;  my  daughters,  Elizabeth,  Jane,  and  Isable;  my  son,  Cuthbert  Selbie.     Ibid. 

'  Arch.  Ac!.  410  series,  vol.  W.  p.  174.  -  Hall  and  Honiberston's  Survey. 

'  C'll.  Border  Papers,  Bain,  \ol.  i.  p.  22. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  195 

In  a  suit^  relating  to  the  boundaries  of  the  manor  of  Whittonstall  heard 
in  the  court  of  Exchequer  in  1620,  Cuthbert  Jopling  of  Newlands,  yeoman, 
aged  seventy-seven  years,  deposed  that 

'  The  bounds  of  Whittonstall  are  as  follows  : — round  Newlands  and  Fearle  ;  from  the  mid-stream  of 
Darwyn,  up  Meere  burn  to  the  Sandy-ford,  thence  to  Deadman  letch  to  a  black  dike  under  Unthank 
edge,  thence  to  a  stone  called  the  Grey-mare  lying  on  the  north  of  Shotley  church,  thence  to 
Backworth  letch,  Tutes  thorn.  Carry-burn,  Skilterlyn,  Apperley-park-nook,  Eldon  Myres,  down  Hunter 
burn  to  Darwyn. '- 

And  Cuthbert  Surtees  of  Ebchester,  aged  eighty  years,  deposed  that 

'The  bounds  of  Whittonstall  are  from  the  mid-stream  of  Darwen  westward  up  Meere  burn  to  the 
Reedpeth,  thence  to  the  stone  called  Grey-mare,^  the  black  dike,  down  the  bank  to  Backworth  burn,  up 
again  to  the  Tute  thorn  called  by  some  Watchhill,  down  to  Carryburn  head,  still  downward  to  Skitterinlyn, 
Apperley  burn,  Eldon  Myres,  Huntra  burn,  and  so  down  again  to  Darwen.' 

A  tenement  in  Newlands  formerly  belonging  to  the  chantry  of  St.  John 
the  Baptist,  in  the  church  of  Bywell,  and  lately  held  by  John  Dennyng  on 
lease,  and  then  by  John  Barker,  was  with  other  lands  sold  by  the  Crown  to 
Benjamin  Harris  and  Robert  Morgan,  to  be  held  of  the  queen  as  of  the 
manor  of  East  Greenwich,  by  fealty  in  free  and  common  socage.^  Sir 
Edward  RadclifFe's  estate  having  been  sequestered  bv  his  delinquency,  he 
obtained  the  discharge  of  the  manor  of  Whittonstall  on  the  26th  of  July, 
1653,'  and  of  the  manor  of  Newlands  on  the  21st  of  November  following.'^ 
Ten  years  afterwards  the  proprietors  in  the  chapelry  of  Whittonstall 
were  Sir  Edward  Radcliffe,  who  was  rated  at  ;^240  per  annum  ;  Andrew 
Jobling  of  Newlands,  who  was  rated  at  ^£'4  los.  for  the  coal  pits;'  and 
Thomas  Hopper,  who  was  rated  at  ^4  for  the  mill.** 

Newlands  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665." 

Cuthbert  Warde,  Widdow  Taylor,  Cuthbert  Selbey,  John  Selbey,  Ralph  Stephenson,  Lance  Selbey, 
William  Cooper,  Robert  Forster,  Joshua  Hopper,  each  one  chimney ;  Peter  Hopwood,  Robert  Atkinson, 
Cuthbert  Taylor,  John  Browne,  Henry  Shorte,  John  Nicholson,  John  Selbey,  Widdow  Comings,  John 
Hill,  George  Spruse,  not  payable. 

'  Exchequer  Depositions  by  Commission,  17  Jas.  Mich.  Term,  No.  24.  Edward  Bee,  esq.,  plaintiff, 
Francis  Radcliffe,  esq.,  defendant.  Amongst  the  deponents  were  Thomas  Woodmusse  of  Whin-house, 
yeoman,  aged  78  years  ;  Thomas  Readshaw  of  Birkenside,  yeoman,  aged  80  years  ;  William  Surtees  of 
Hedley-wood,  yeoman,  aged  76  years  ;  Henry  Nicholson  of  Bywell,  aged  80  years  ;  George  Fewster  of 
Sherbourne-house,  county  Durham,  aged  72  years  ;  John  Jopling  of  Ebchester,  yeoman,  aged  67  years  ; 
Ralph  Ellison  of  Newlands,  yeoman,  aged  77  years;  and  John  Mallabar  of  Hexham,  yeoman,  aged  70 
years;  the  latter  deposed  that  in  1575  he  was  steward  of  a  court  held  at  Whittonstall.  Cf.  ^8th  Report  of 
Dfpt.  Keeper  of  Pub.  Rec.  p.  688. 

■  This  boundary  may  be  compared  with  that  given  on  p.  178,  where  a  thorn  {spina)  is  mentioned. 

'  Probably  the  '  Standandstan  '  mentioned  on  p.  183.  '  Pat.  Rolls,  42  Eliz.  pt.  i5. 

*  Cal.  Com.  for  Comp.  p.  2590.  °  Royalist  Composition  Papers,  series  i.  vol.  39,  No.  683. 

'  The  issues  of  the  colliery  at  Grey-mare  in  Newlands  are  accounted  for  in  1671  and  1681  in  Sir  E. 
Radcliffes  Account  Book.     Cf.  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  i.  new  series,  pp.  1 13,  129. 

°  Book  of  Rates,  1663  ;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p   293.  Subsidy  Roll,  {§5. 


ig6  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWKI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

There  is  preserved  anionj^st  the  records  of  Quarter  Sessions  a  curious 
account  of  a  Newkmds  family  quarrel.  On  the  evening  of  March  5th, 
1718/9,  Robert  Sureties  of  Newlands,  yeoman,  in  the  chapelry  of 
Whittonstall,  was  going  *  to  a  neighbouring  smith  to  gett  some  harrow 
teeth  made,  and  a  little  way  from  his  own  house  he  mett  with  Thomas 
Sureties  of  Newlands,  yeoman,  and  Elizabeth  Fewster  of  Whittingstall, 
spinster.  After  some  disagreeing  discourse  the  said  Thomas  Sureties  and 
Elizabeth  Fewster  '  fell  '  upon  Robert  Sureties,  '  Fewster  locking  her 
hands '  in  his  hair,  Thomas  Surtees  brought  him  to  the  ground  '  with  a  stroke 
with  his  foote,'  and  smote  his  shoulder  'soe  that  he  was  forced  to  gett  a  bone 
setter  to  putt  it  in  againe.'  Elizabeth  Fewster  also  threatened  the  complainant 
that  they  would  leave  him  '  neither  ox  nor  horse  before  May  day  next.'' 

With  the  other  RadclifFe  estates,  Whittonstall  and  Newlands  were 
granted  to  the  governors  of  Greenwich  Hospital.  In  the  survey  of  their 
northern  estates,  made  in  1805,-  it  is  stated  that  Whittonstall  comprised 
Hoods-close,  224  acres;  Lawson's  farm,  201  acres;  the  Hall  farm,  114 
acres  ;  Sproat's  farm,  205  acres  ;  Highfield  east  and  west  farms,  333  acres  ; 
Fairle  hill,  278  acres  ;  and  Grey-mare  hill  colliery,  21  acres.  Newlands 
comprised  the  Park  farm,  128  acres  ;  Town  farm,  175  acres  ;  Haugh 
farm,  86  acres  ;  South  farm,  204  acres  ;  the  mill,  20  acres  ;  Morrowfield  and 
Fell-close,  267  acres;  besides  which  there  were  in  the  two  townships  310 
acres  of  woodlands.  All  these  farms  were  stated  to  be  ancient  enclosures, 
with  right  of  common  of  pasture  upon  adjacent  commons  of  considerable 
extent.  Six  years  later  an  Act  of  Parliament  was  obtained  for  the  enclosure 
of  the  common,  which  by  admeasurement  was  found  to  comprise  1,364  acres.** 

'  Extracts  from  the  Records  of  Quarter  Sessions  in  tlie  library  of  the  Soc.  of  Antiq.  of  Newcastle. 

-  Report  of  Visitation  of  Greenwich  Hospital  Estates  in  1S05.  The  manor  of  Whittonstall  paid  one  pound  of 
pepper,  or2s.,to  Mr.  Fenuick  of  Bywell;  Newlands  manor,  ^3  13s.  4d.;  and  Fairle,  9s.,  also  to  Mr.  Fenwick. 

'51  George  III.  An  Act  for  inclosing  lands  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Peter  in  the  county  of 
Northumberland  (Royal  Assent,  April  4th,  181  ij.  John  Fryer  was  appointed  sole  commissioner  for  the 
purpose  of  carrying  the  Act  into  execution,  and  was  ordered  to  make  provision  for  certain  public  quarries 
and  to  allot  the  residue  amongst  the  persons  having'  right  of  common  of  pasture,  to  allot  one  sixteenth 
part  to  the  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners  for  their  consent  to  the  enclosure.  The  minerals  were 
reserved  to  the  lords  of  the  manor.  George  Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  as  lessee  of  the  dean  and  chapter 
of  Durham,  claimed  an  allotment  in  respect  of  the  glebe  which,  he  stated,  comprised  the  vicar's  garth, 
the  chapel  yard,  four  days  mowing  in  two  parcels  in  the  Upper  Town  field,  four  days  mowing  in  one 
parcel  in  the  Crooks  and  one  cowgate  in  Newlands  park.  John  Surtees  of  Biggin,  in  the  county  of 
Durham,  claimed  for  his  freehold  estate  at  Kipperlin  ;  the  Rev.  Septimus  Hodson  and  Frances,  his  wife, 
claimed  in  respect  of  a  freehold  cottage,  called  Fairle  cottage,  and  an  acre  and  a  half  of  land  adjacent. 
By  his  award  dated  May  7th,  1S19,  the  commissioner  gave  to  the  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners  50 
acres  for  their  consent  to  the  enclosure  ;  and  in  lieu  of  common  of  pasture  for  Newlands  and  Whittonstall, 
504  acres  and  645  acres  respectively  ;  to  John  Surtees,  for  Kipperlin,  44  acres  ;  and  to  the  Rev.  Septimus 
Hodson  and  Frances  his  wife,  24  acres.  The  commissioner  also  ga\e  28  acres  to  the  dean  and  chapter 
of  Durham  in  lieu  of  the  old  glebe,  which  was  scattered  in  many  parcels. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  1 97 

Both  townships  were  sold  by  the  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners 
on  6th  August,  1872,  to  Mr.  Joseph  Laycock  of  Low  Gosforth,  grandfather 
to  Mr.  Joseph  Frederick  Laycock,  the  present  owner.  The  sum  paid  for 
the  estate,  including  timber  and  minerals,  was  _^92,i64  los. 

The  homestead  of  Fairley  or  Fairle,  pronounced  Fair-el,  is  situated  on 
the  west  side  of  the  township  at  an  elevation  of  between  six  and  seven 
hundred  feet  above  sea-level.  The  holding,  which  constitutes  a  single  farm 
of  325  acres,  is  subject  to  a  special  quit  rent  of  9s.  a  year  to  the  lord  of  the 
barony  of  Bywell. 

The  place  seems  to  represent  the  carucate  of  land  in  Fayrhill  which  about 
1268  was  held  by  Elyas  de  Fayrhill  of  John  de  Baliol  by  the  service  of  9s. 
and  one  pound  of  pepper.  At  the  same  period  24  acres  of  land  at  Mora, 
which  has  not  been  identified,  wei^e  held  by  Thomas  de  Mora,  who  for  all 
services  rendered  5s.,  the  sum  of  Fayrhill  and  Mora  being  together  14s.  8d.^ 
About  the  same  period  Gamel  de  Mora  and  Margaret  his  wife  quit-claimed 
to  Ranulf  de  Fairhil  all  their  rights  in  Bacwrze."  In  1271  Thomas,  son  of 
Gamel,  held  the  More  house  by  charter,  and  for  all  services  rendered  5s.  a 
year.^  In  the  following  year  Elyas  de  Fayrhill  and  Thomas  de  Mora  held 
the  township  of  Fayrhill  and  paid  14s.  8d.  a  year.*  In  1279  WilHam,  the 
fisher  of  Caistron,  was  charged  at  the  Northumberland  assizes  with  having 
slain  Gilbert  de  Fariley  in  the  field  of  Fariley.  It  was  stated  that  he  had 
fled  after  committing  the  murder,  but,  being  captured,  was  imprisoned  in 
Newcastle  jail  by  the  sheriff",  who  had  seized  his  goods  (catella)  which  were 
valued  at  3d.''  In  1322,  John,  son  of  Gilbert  de  Fairhill,  granted  le  Est- 
ridinge,  near  the  road  to  Hokesty,  to  Adam  de  Menuille,"  and  seven  years 
afterwards  Adam  de  Menuille's  son  John  had  a  bond  from  John  Carter  of 
Fairhill  and  others  for  ^^  10.''  On  the  3rd  October,  1325,  William  de  Silke- 
worth  granted  the  lands  of  Fairhill  to  John  de  Menevill,  and  Agnes  his  wife.* 

In  1412  Sir  Ralph  de  Eure  acquired  lands  in  Fairhill  and  Whittonstall 
from  Dame  Isabel  Claxton,  daughter  and  heiress  of  William  Menevill." 
On  the  2nd  of  May,  14 13,  Ralph  de  Eure,  esq.,  appointed  Roger  of 
Wardale,  his  attorney,  to  deliver  seisin  to  William  Claxton  of  the  manor  of 
Whittonstall  and  of  all  the  lands  of  Fayrehill  which  he  lately  had  by  enfeoff"- 

'  Inq.  p.m.  53  Henry  III.  No.  43.  ''  Diir.  Treas.  Misc.  Chait.  No.  411. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  55  Henry  III.  No.  33.  *  Ihni. 

^  Northwnberland  Assize  Rolls,  7  Edward  I.  p.  322  ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 

"  Did:  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  5890.     '  Ibid.  No.  5891.     ^  Ibid.  No.  6597.     "  Ibid.  Nos.  6967,  5892,  5893. 


198  THE    PARISH    OF    HYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

ment  of  Ladv  Isabel  Claxton,  and  had  again  granted  to  the  said  William  ;' 
the  place  continues  to  be  mentioned  in  deeds  and  leases  e.xecuted  by  the 
successive  owners  of  Whittonstall.  On  the  28th  of  June,  1609,  the  messuage  in 
Fade,  then  in  the  occupation  of  Jeffrey  Fayrbricke,  was  demised  by  Francis 
Radclift'e,  esq.,  to  the  said  Jeffrey  and  his  heirs  for  the  lives  of  himself,  his 
wife  Elizabeth,  and  [his  son]  George  Fayrbricke,  at  the  yeaily  rent  of 
1 6s.  6d.,  suit  of  court,  suit  of  mill,  and  the  payment  of  24  horse  loads  of 
coals  ;  and  by  leases  dated  the  14th  of  November,  16 10,  and  the  28th  of 
March,  1612,  Francis  Ratcliffe,  esq.,  demised  other  tenements  in  Farley,  or 
Farle,  to  John  Cowper  and  Ralph  Greene  respectively,  on  similar  conditions.^ 

In  the  suit,^  already  referred  to,  brought  by  Edward  Bee  against  Francis 
Radcliffe  in  1620,  evidence  was  produced  to  prove  that  enclosures  at 
Farlemay"*  had  been  taken  out  of  the  common  by  warrant  of  the  attainted 
earl  of  Westmorland,  '  as  it  is  commonly  reported  by  the  malice  of  John 
Swinburne  deceased,'  and  that  a  similar  enclosure  at  the  same  place  had 
been  made  by  the  said  Francis  Radcliffe,  but  if  the  latter  '  enclosed  all  the 
common  he  claims,  the  king's  tenants  [in  the  barony  of  Bywell  and  Bolbec] 
would  have  little  or  none.'  A  small  close,  called  the  New-close  alias 
Farle-close,  by  Farlemay,  containing  about  3  acres,  of  the  yearly  rent  of 
1 2d.,  was  granted  in  1629  to  White,  Stevenson  and  others.^  In  1682,  Sir 
Francis  Radcliffe  in  his  account  book  entered  a  payment  to  Mr.  Robert 
Fenwick  of  Bywell  of  £2  is.  2d."  for  a  half-year's  fee  farm  rent  due  to 
the  Crown  at  Ladyday  for  Newlands  and  Farle,  and  a  similar  payment 
occurs  under  the  date  October,  1686.'^ 

In  1805,  the  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners'  estate  at  Fairle-hill 
was  stated  to  comprise  a  farm  of  278  acres,  then  let  at  ,7^110  per  annum. 
It  consisted  of  arable  and  pasture  land  of  inferior  quality  ;  *^  and  on  the 
enclosure  of  Newlands  and  Whittonstall  common  in  181 1,  325  acres  were 
awarded  to  the  Commissioners  in  lieu  of  the  right  of  common  of  pasture 
enjoyed  by  the  owners  and  tenant  of  Fairle.  With  the  rest  of  Whittonstall, 
this  place  now  belongs  to  Mr.  J.  F.  Laycock. 

'  Greenwich  Hospital  Papers,  Whittonstall  Deeds.  ■  lliiil. 

'  Supra,  p.  195.     Exchequer  Depositions  of  Commission,  17  James  I.  Mich.  Tcrni,  No.  24. 

*  The  earl  of  Westmoreland's  enclosure  at  Fairleymay  is  in  the  townslii])  of  Fotherley. 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  5  Chas.  I.  pt.  9. 

"  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  i.  new  series,  p.  107.  '  Ibid.  vol.  ii.  new  series,  p.  161. 

"  Report  uj  I'iiitatiun  11/  Greeincich  Hospital  Estates  in  1805. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS. 


199 


Whittonstall  Chapel. 

Although  the  present  ecclesiastical  parish  of  Whittonstall  comprises  a 
fragment  of  Broomley  and  the  townships  of  Apperley,  Hedley,  Whitton- 
stall and  Nevvlands,  the  ancient  parochial  chapelry  seems  to  have  been 
conterminous  with  the  two  latter.  A  chapel  dedicated  to  St.  Philip  and 
St.  James'  was  probably  built  very  soon  after  the  manor  was  acquired 
by  Bernard  Darrayns ;  the  only  fragment  of  the  original  structure  which 
remains,  an  early  English  corbel  of  considerable  beauty,  strengthens  this 
opinion. 

In  1289  John,  son  of  Jordan,  William,  son  of  Wydo,  William,  son  of 
the  grieve,  Hugh  de  Ellingham,  John  de  Fayrhill  and  Hugh  de  Bakwurd, 
for  themselves  and  their 
neighbours  who  were  ac- 
customed to  hear  divine 
service  in  the  chapel  of 
Wytonstal,  endeavoured, 
in  the  court  held  in  the 
Galilee  of  the  cathedral 
of  Durham,  to  prove  that 
the  prior  and  convent  of 
Durham,  who  held  the 
rectory  of  Bywell  St. 
Peter,  were  bound  to  find 
the  books,  cup,  and  other 
ornaments  for  the  use  of 

the  chapel.     The  court  held  that  the  inhabitants  of  Whittonstall  chapelry 
ought  to  find  them  at  their  own  charge." 

About  the  same  period  Robert,  son  of  Fabian  of  Whittonstall,  granted 
to  Sir  William  de  Hindley  three  roods  in  the  field  of  Quictunestal,  nearest 
to  the  church  of  the  apostles  Philip  and  James,  rendering  to  him  yearly  a 
pair  of  gloves,'  and  in  the  following  century  William  Menevill,  the  lord  of 
Whittonstall,  by  his  will  dated  20th  January,  1371,  left  five  marks  for  the 

'  The  late  Rev.  J.  L.  Low,  incumbent  of  Whittonstall,  in  a  paper  on  'Whittonstall  Church,'  Arch.  Ad. 
vol.  xi.  p.  iSo,  with  pardonable  partiality,  attempted  to  show  that  the  ancient  chapel  was  a  building  of 
some  architectural  pretensions.  It  is  possible  that  the  chapel  was  dedicated  to  St.  Philip,  out  of 
compliment  to  Philip  de  Poitiers,  bishop  of  Durham,  1 197-1208. 

''  Dm:  Tn-as.  Cartularium  .Sacristae,  pp.  87,  94.  "  Dur.  Trcas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6927!. 


200 


THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 


sustentation  of  the  cliapel  of  Whitenstall.'  This  biiildint;,  having  fallen  into 
decay,  and  being  considered  unfit  for  public  worship,  was  taken  down  in 
1830.  Little  is  known  of  the  architectural  features,  but  it  is  probable  that, 
like  some  other  parochial  chapels  occupying  exposed  situations  in  the 
county,  it  consisted  of  a  nave  without  aisles  and  a  chancel,  with  a  western 
bell  cote.  A  coped  grave  cover,  having  a  sword  incised  down  the  middle, 
has  recently  been  unearthed  in  the  churchyard.  The  present  church  was 
erected  in  1830  on  the  site  of  the  ancient  structure,  and  a  chancel  in  the 
Early  English  style  was  added  in  1896. 


In  a  book  of  depositions,  connected  with  the  rebellion  of  1569,  kept  by 
Dr.  Robert  Swift,  vicar  general  and  official  principal  of  the  diocese  of 
Durham  from  1561  to  1577,  Thomas  Swalwell,  curate  of  Brancepeth,  formerly 
curate  of  Medomsley,  was  accused  that  he  '  in  the  tyme  of  the  laite  rebellion, 
diddest  procure,  suffer  and  maynteyne  one  Sir  John  Cowper,^  curat  of 
Whittonstall,  to  churche  three  women  and  marye  certeyne  persones  in 
latton  in  such  rite  and  forme  as  was  prescribed  by  the  pope,  at  Medomsley.''' 

'  Durham  Wills  and  Inventories,  Raine,  p.  32,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  2. 

^  A  messuage  in  Whittonstawl,  then  or  late  in  the  occupation  of  George  Couper,  clerk,  appointed  for 
the  maintenance  of  a  priest  in  the  church  of  Whittonstawl  was  granted,  June  22nd,  1575,  to  John 
Soukye  and  Percival  Gunson,  at  the  request  of  George  Darcy,  esq.,  and  in  consideration  of  the  payment 
of  a  certain  sum  of  money,  to  hold  on  free  and  common  socage  as  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich, 
Pai.  Rolls,  17  Eliz.  pt.  5. 

'  Depos.  and  Eccles.  Proc,  Raine,  p.  203  ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  21. 


WHITTONSTALL    AND    NEWLANDS    TOWNSHIPS.  20I 

Thirty  years  later  the  churchwardens  were  presented  that  '  they  want  a 
surplesse  and  communion  table  cloth.' ^  After  that  time  little  is  heard  either 
of  the  chapel  or  its  ministers  until  the  year  1774,  when,  a  grant  having  been 
obtained  from  Queen  Anne's  bounty,  a  district  was  cut  out  of  the  parish  of 
Bywell  St.  Peter,  and  constituted  into  a  perpetual  curacy.  A  farm  of  74 
acres,  called  Wetbottom,  near  Crook,  purchased  as  an  endowment,  subse- 
quently became  of  considerable  value  through  the  mineral  rights  of  coal  ;  a 
further  augmentation  was  afterwards  made  by  the  dean  and  chapter' of 
Durham,  the  impropriators  of  the  great  tithes.^ 

The  church  stands  immediately  to  the  west  of  the  old  course  of  Watling 
Street,  which  at  this  point  passed  through  what  is  now  the  graveyard. 

Monumental  Inscriptions. 

Hie  jacet  Georgius  Bootflower  de  Apperley,  qui  obiit  21  die  Februar.  An.  Dom Arms: 

vert  a  chevron,  and  in  chief  ^  flenrs  de  lys. 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  the  Rev.  John  Brown,  son  of  the  Rev.  .Simpson  Brown,  and  curate  of 
Sedgefield,  who  died  19th  May,  1815,  aged  32  years.  John  Maugham,  son-in-law  of  the  Rev.  S.  Brown, 
who  died  at  Calcutta  in  the  East  Indies,  iSth  July,  1818,  aged  40  years.  Agnes  Brown,  wife  of  the  Rev. 
S.  Brown,  who  died  at  Ebchester  Hill,  24th  December,  iSig,  aged  68  years.  Hannah  Wallis,  wife  of 
William  Wallis,  esq.,  and  daughter  of  the  Rev.  S.  Brown,  died  at  Shotley  Field,  loth  August,  1S22, 
aged  30  years.  Of  the  Rev.  Simpson  Brown,  B. A.,  curate  of  Sadberge,  near  Darlington,  youngest 
son  of  the  Rev.  Simpson  Brown,  who  died  at May  6th,  1828,  aged 

John  Foster  of  Apperley,  died  December  22nd,  1767,  aged  56. 

Thomas  HoUiday  of  Beamish  Forge,  died  1796. 

John  Hopper  of  Newlands,  died  October  i8th,  1763,  aged  52. 

Margaret  Humble,  wife  of  Thomas  Humble,  of  Whittonstall,  buried  February  i8lh,  1727/8. 
In  piam  memoriam  Ricardi  Marshall  hujus  ecclesi:i;  vicarii,  qui  obiit  Frid.  non.  Aug.  MDCCCLXXIJ. 
Necnon  Elizabethae  u.xoris  ejus,  quae  obiit  \.  non  Jul.  mdccclxxiv. 

Miscellanea. 

The  communion  plate  comprises  a  cup  made  in  Newcastle  in  1744,  and  a  paten  made  at  the  same 
place  in  1874.^ 

The  chapel  wardens'  account  books  begin  in  1743,  and  the  Registers  in  1754.' 

Incumbents  of  Whittonstall.^ 

1569.     John  Cowper,  curate  of  Whittonstall." 

1577.     George   Cowper  admitted  January  25th,   1577/8,'  was  e.xcused,  on  account  of  illness,  from 
appearing  at  the  chancellor's  visitation  in  1578.' 

'  Ex  Durham  Records.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  \V  p.  243.  ''Arch.  Act.  vol.  .xi.  p.  18. 

''/l>'c/»..<4e/.  vol.  xvi.p.  261.   Proc.  N.C.  Soc.ofAntiq.volv.p.  48.        *  Proc.  N.C.  Soc. of  Antiq. vo]. v. P.4S. 
'  The  vicars  of  Bywell  St.  Peter  seem  to  have  been  in  the  habit  of  holding  the  benefice  of  Whittonstall, 
and  to  have  appointed  sub-curates  ;  this  w  ill  in  some  measure  account  for  the  imperfection  of  the  above  list. 
6  Uepos.  and  Ecclcs.  Proc.  p.  203.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  21. 

'  Randal,  State  of  the  Churches,  and  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  notes  from  Durham  Episcopal  Registers. 
"  Ecclcs.  Proc.  of  Bishop  Barnes,  p.  71. 


Vol.  VI. 


26 


202  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

1580.     Thomas  Asheton,  reader,  admitted  January  20th,  1580.' 

1583.     Thomas  Hedley  admitted  June  loth,  1583,'  occurs  January  20th,  15S4.' 

1585.     Christopher  I'inkney  appeared  July  12th,  1585.' 

1616.     (George  Wrightson  ;'   also  incumbent  of  Ebchester." 

:6i7.     Edm.  KnoUes  admitted  August  28th,  1617.' 

1774.     John  (?)  Ellison  admitted  July  20th,  1774'  (?  William  Ellison,  M.A.,  incumbent  of  Ebchester, 

1784,"  and  also  curate  of  Medomsley). 
Michael  Maughan,  also  curate  of  Shotley  and  of  ISeadncll,  and  librarian  at  Damburgh  castle, 

where  he  was  residing  in  1S28. 
cinaiS^i.    J.  ISIessenger. 
(?)  1837.     Richard  Marshall,  originally  sub-curate  under   Maughan  and  Messenger;  died  August  9th, 

1872.     Monumental  Inscription. 
1872.     John  Low  Low,  of  University  Coll.,  Durham,   Gisborne  Scholar;  B.A.  1846;  M.A.,  1849; 

ordained  deacon,  1844,  and  priest,  1845  ;  died  February  8th,  1888,  aged  71. 
1888.     John  S.  Hick,  of  University  Coll.,  Durham;  B.A.,  1869:  ^LA.,  1872  ;  ordained  deacon,  1870, 

and  priest,  1871  ;  incumbent  of  Netherwitton,  1877-1888.      A  man  of  learning  and  author 

of  several  papers  and  contributions  to  the  publications  of  the  Newcastle  Society  of  Antiquaries.' 
1896.     John  Wagstaff,  B.D. ;    ordained  deacon,   1868,  and  priest,   1869;    incumbent  of  Rookhope, 

1877-1S83  ;  of  Christ  Church,  Macclesfield,  18S3-1S96. 

FOTHERLEY  TOWNSHIP. 

The  township  of  Fotherley  is  an  irregularly  shaped  tract  of  land,  com- 
prising 1657  acres,  watered  by  several  small  burns,  the  Newfield  burn,  the 
Bowden  burn,  Fairley-may  gill,  etc.  It  is  sheltered  by  several  woods  and 
plantations,  and  contains  the  homesteads,  among  others,  of  High  Fotherley, 
Low  Fotherley,  Fairley-may,  Letch-houses,  Lingeyfield,  Scales  Cross,  etc. 
In  1 89 1  the  population  was  63.^ 

The  earliest  notices  of  the  place  occur  in  the  enumeration  of  the 
members  of  the  barony  of  Baliol  made  about  the  year  1240,  set  out  in  the 
Tesia  de  Nevill,  where  it  is  called  Faldirley,'  and  in  the  Northumberland 
Assize  Rolls  for  1256,  where  there  is  a  record  of  a  suit  brought  by  Richard 
Bochard  of  '  Fakefle  '  (Fairley),  and  Sibilla,  his  wife,  formerly  widow  of  Alan 
son  of  Wydo,  against  Elias  de  Stokesfeld  and  Emma,  his  wife,  and  Alan  de 
Menil  and  Eva  his  wife,  concerning  a  tenement  and  lands  in  Falderley." 

In  the  Treasury  at  Durham  is  contained  a  series  of  charters  relating 
to    a    place    called    Bacworthe,    which    was    evidently    in    the    immediate 

'  Randal,  State  oj  the  Churches,  and  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Notes  from  Durham  Episcopal  Registers. 
'"  Surtees,  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  289,  302. 

"  Cj.  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  xi.  pp.  18,  180,  186.     Proceedings  0/  Newcastle  Soc.  of  Antiq.  vol.  iii.  p.  57. 
*  The  Census  Returns  are:   1801,91;    1811,90;   1821,92;    1831,105;   1841,106;   1851,142;   1S61, 
104;  1871,  95  ;  1881,  68;   1S91,  63.     The  return  for  1901  is  included  in  that  of  Healey. 
'  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  212. 
"  Northumberland  Assize  Rolls,  40  Hen.  HI.  Page,  p.  6;  Surt.  .Soc.  No.  88. 


FOTHERLEY    TOWNSHIP.  203 

neighbourhood  of,  but  not  in,  the  vill  of  Whittonstall.  This  place  may 
be  identified  with  Letch-houses,  standing  upon  the  syke,  or  burn  of  the 
smallest  kind,  which  forms  the  boundary  of  Fairhill  in  Whittonstall  and 
the  township  of  Fotherley  ;    it  is  still  called  the  Backworth  Letch. 

About  the  year  1200,  Serlo  de  Bacwrthe,  in  some  of  the  charters  called 
Serlo  son  of  Edulf  de  Bacwurthe,  granted  lands,  etc.,  near  the  road  from 
Biwell,  to  Ranulf,  son  of  Aldan  de  Hindelei,  to  be  held  of  Serlo,'  the 
grant  being  confirmed  by  Eustace  de  Baliol,  the  lord  of  the  fee."  Serlo 
also  granted  to  the  same  Ranulf  the  whole  assart  of  Dunriding,  containing 
sixteen  acres  and  a  rood.^  A  few  years  later  Ranulf  obtained  from  Hugh 
de  Baliol  a  confii-mation  of  the  land  sgiven  him  by  Serlo  ^  and  also  a  grant  or 
confirmation  of  twenty  acres  of  land  of  the  waste  near  the  road  of  Hokesti.^ 

'  Dur  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  58S7. 

-  Misc.  Chart,  No.  5SSS.  Sciant  universi  tarn  praesentes  quam  futuri  quod  ego  Eustachius  de  Ball' 
concessi  et  hac  mea  praesenti  carta  confirmavi  Ranulfo  filio  Aldaiii  totam  terrain  suam  quam  de  Serlone 
de  Bacwrthe  tenet.  Habendam  et  tcnendam  Hbere  et  quiete  de  illo  sicut  testatur  carta  quam  inde  de 
praedicto  Serlone  liabet,  scilicet,  quod  praedictus  Serlo  praedicto  Ranulfo  dedit  et  carta  sua  confirmavit  pro 
honiagio  et  servicio  suo  in  praedicta  villa  de  Bacwrthe  totam  terrani  ex  occidentali  parte  viae  quae  venit 
de  Biwella  et  vadit  versus  superiorem  Bacwrthe  cum  toftis  et  croftis,  usque  ad  divisas  superioris 
Bacwrthe,  et  de  illis  divisis  versus  occidentem  ad  divisas  de  Brouncruke,  et  praeterea  versus  orientem 
praedictae  viae  xij  acras  terrae,  scilicet,  iij  acras  in  inferiori  essarto  et  in  occidentali  parte  de  Douburne 
ij  acras  et  dimidiam  et  in  Goseriding  dimidiam  acram  et  in  orientali  parte  de  Douburne  j  acram  et  in 
Thurkillesriding  ij  acras  et  in  Sudriding  dimidiam  acram,  et  versus  superiorem  Bacwrthe  j  acram 
et  j  rodam,  et  contra  domes  inferioris  Bacwrthe  j  acram  et  j  rodam ;  et  praeterea  iij  acras  versus 
orientem  de  Ormesriding,  et  in  cultura  mea  dimidiam  acram,  et  in  essarto  inferiori  dimidiam  acram. 
Tenenda  et  habenda  de  praedicto  Serlone  et  heredibus  suis  praedictus  Ranulfus  et  heredes  sui  libere  et 
quiete  et  honorifice,  in  boscis  et  planis,  in  viis  et  semitis,  in  pratis  et  pasturis  et  in  omnibus  aisiamentis  et 
libertatibus  praedictae  villae  pertinentibus.  Reddendo  annuatim  wiij  denarios,  scilicet,  ix  denarios  ad 
Pentecosten  et  ix  denarios  ad  festum  Sci  Martini  pro  omnibus  serviciis  et  consuetudinibus  et 
exaccionibus.  Et  si  praedictus  Ranulfus  vel  heredes  sui  in  forisfacto  inciderint  quieti  erunt  pro  vj 
denariis.  Et  praedictus  Serlo  et  heredes  sui  praedictam  terrain  cum  omnibus  pertinenciis  praedicto 
Ranulfo  et  heredibus  suis  contra  omnes  gentes  warantizabunt.  Hiis  testibus.  Roberto  de  Insula, 
Bernardo  de  Arenis,  Radulfo  de  Gunwart',  Kogero  de  Egglest',  Milone  de  Quictunstal,  Ada  de  Hindel', 
Serlone  de  Quictunstal,  Roberto  de  Hindel",  Gileberto  fratre  ejus,  Hugone  de  Heleia,  Willelmo 
presbitero  de  Biwella,  Willelmo  fabro,  Ectredo  de  Eltisham,  Galfrido  de  Acom,  luone  clerico,  Willelmo 
de  Heding,  Radulfo  senescaldo,  Ada  mariscaldo.     Seal,  Equestrian,  of  Eustace  de  Baliol. 

'  Ibid.  No.  5SS9. 

'  Ibid.  No.  5885.  Hugo  de  Baliolo  .  .  .  Ranulfo  filio  Aldani  de  Hindelei  totam  terrain  quam  Serlo 
de  Bacwurthe  illi  dedit  ad  incrementum  terrae  quam  ei  primo  dedit,  scil.,  totam  sartam  quae  dicitur  Dun- 
riding  quae  fuit  patris  Serlonis  et  Serlonis,  scil.,  xvj.  acras  et  r  rodam,  praeter  3^  acr.  quas  praed.  Serlo 
praed.  Ranulfo  primo  dedit  .  .  .  et  praeterea  totam  terram  inter  duas  clowas  sicut  clouwa  occidentalis 
se  extendit  sursum,  et  ita  ab  ilia  clouwa  in  orientem  usque  ad  aliam  clouwam.  Redd.  .Serloni  et  hered. 
suis  duos  denarios  per  annum.  Hiis  test.  Radulfo  de  Gunwartun,  Otuer  de  Insula,  Siluano  de  Biwelle, 
Willo  fil.  Reginaldi,  Rogero  de  Slauelei,  Milone  de  Quiketunestal,  Alard  de  Matfen,  Adam  fil.  Sproue, 
Rob.  de  Hindelei,  Gilberto  fratre  suo,  Ricardo  de  Ministanesacres,  Abraham  capellano.     Equestrian  seal. 

^  Ibid.  No.  5886.  Hugo  de  Bailloyel  .  .  .  Ranulfo  de  Hindeleya  pro  hom.  et  serv.  suo  xx  acras 
terrae  de  wasto  juxta  viam  de  Hokesti  versus  occidentem  ad  edificandas  et  colendas,  sartandas  et 
claudendas  fossato  et  sepe  .  .  .  cum  communi  pastura  et  cum  omn.  libertatibus  .  .  .  quae  aliquis  ex 
liberis  hominibus  meis  habet  infra  forestam  mcam  de  Biwelle.  Hiis  testibus.  Bernardo  de  Bailloyel, 
Amfrido  de  Bailloyel,  Roberto  de  Graunsard,  Johe  de  Erect',  Radulfo  de  Gunwartona,  Ricardo  de 
Hedduna,  Rob.  de  Hindel',  Willo  fratre  ejus,  Petro  de  Chirisi,  Rob.  de  Heddona.  Equestrian  seal,  same 
as  last. 


C    s. 

d. 

s. 

d. 

0  13 

6 

uncle  legi 

I 

2| 

0  13 

3 

I 

2i 

0  19 

I 

I 

9 

I     9 

9 

2 

8i 

2     8 

I 

4 

4^ 

I    13 

4 

3 

oh 

1      I 

10 

2 

0 

I     5 

II 

2 

4j 

:204  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

About  the  vear  1268,  Falderlev  was  held  of  John  dc  Baliol  as  of  his 
manor  of  Bywell  by  Simon  de  Haliwell  and  Alan  de  Menyll,  who  held  their 
lands  freely  by  charter,  doing  suit  at  the  court  of  Bywell,  and  paying  5s.  a 
year  for  all  services.'  In  Backewrth  there  were  four  bond  tenants,  each  of 
whom  held  12  acres  and  paid  4s.  yearly;   the  brewery  produced  4s.- 

A  few  years   later  the   place   is  incidentally  mentioned   in   the  Assize 

Rolls  as  Farderleye.' 

Falderley  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

Summa  bonorum  WiUelnii  de  iMeynyle 

„  Gilbert!  Walker  

„  Walteii  de  Falderley    ... 

„  Ricardi  Child     ... 

„  Johannis  Bailhol  ...         

„  Johannis  Halkcok 

,,  .A.dae  filii  Thomae  de  Helly    ... 

„  Gilberti  de  Helly  

Summa  totalis  hujus  villae,  £io  4s.  gd.     Unde  domino  regi,  iSs.  yid.  {sic). 

F.\LDRELEY  SUBSIDY   ROLL,    1336. 
Johannes  Forester,  3s.  gd.  probatus.     Summa  patet. 

About  the  year  1361,  Richard  Rauland  and  Gilbert  son  of  Robert  de 
Stokesfeld  held  lands  in  Falderlegh,  Aydon,  and  other  places;'  and  in 
14 14  Alexander  Forster  held  the  vill  of  Faldyrleye  and  paid  a  free  rent  of 
5s.    per   annum.'      There   is    a   dearth    of  notices    of  the   place   during  the 

fifteenth  century. 

Fawdle  Muster  Roll,  1538.° 
Wyllm  Newton,  John  Newton,  Christofer  Heryson,  Richard  Stampe  ;  able  with  hors  and  harnes. 

Towards  the  close  of  the  si.xteenth  and  at  the  beginning  of  the  seven- 
teenth century,  Fotherley  was  occupied  by  a  branch  of  the  Derwent-side 
family  of  Surtees,  some  of  whose  wills  are  preserved  in  the  Probate  Registry 
at  Durham. 

1579,  December  26th.  Will  of  George  Surtisse  of  Fathererlye,  yeoman.  I  give  to  my  wife  Agnes 
Surtisse,  my  medow  in  Slayle  ;  my  son  Richard  Surtisse,  my  children  John,  Agnes,  and  Jenet  Surtisse. 
Proved  1580. 

1  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Bailliolo,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43.  hiq.  p.m.  55  Hen.  III.  No.  2,1,-  I"'l-  />■'"• 
56  Hen.  III.  No.  26. 

■i  Ibid.  '  Northumberland  Assize  Roll,  7  Edw.  I.  Page,  p.  344.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 

'  Origiiialia,  35  Edw.  III.  rot.  49;  Hodgson,  Northumhcriand,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  328. 

'  P.R.O.  Rentals  and  Surveys,  Portfolio  \^.  '  Arch.  Ad.  4to  series,  vol.  i\-.  p.  178. 


POTHERLEY   TOWNSHIP.  205 

1618,  January  ist.  Will  of  Robert  Suertisse  of  High  Fatherley  within  the  parish  of  Bywell  Peter. 
To  be  buried  in  my  parish  church  of  Bywell  Peter.  I  give  to  my  daughter  Mary  Suertiss,  one  cowe  ;  and 
to  my  daughter  Margaret  Suertiss,  an  almerie  ;  to  William  Burdusse,  my  daughter's  sone,  a  browne  ox  ; 
to  my  son  William  -Suertiss,  a  bushell  of  rie  ;  and  to  Richard  Suertiss,  my  son's  son,  'the  fourth  part  of 
my  mare  (sic)."  Residue  to  my  son  George,  and  to  my  daughters  Mary,  Margaret,  and  Jane  Suertiss, 
equally. 

Part  of  the  open  field  or  common  at  Fairley-may  being  part  of  the 
wastes  of  the  barony  of  Bywell  is  stated  to  have  been  enclosed  before  the 
year  1569  by  the  earl  of  Westmorland's  orders,  made  at  the  'malice  '  of  his 
steward  John  Swinburne." 

The  tenants  in  1620  paid  their  rents  to  the  officers  of  the  Crown,^  but 
soon  after  that  time  Fotherley  was  acquired  by  the  family  of  Sanderson  of 
Healey.  Mr.  William  Sanderson  in  1663  was  rated  for  freehold  lands  at 
Fauderlees,  Lingfield,  and  the  mill,  and  at  the  same  period,  Myles  Usher, 
Stephen  Smith,  and  Thomas  Carr  were  the  owners  of  Fardle  May.^  The 
Newton  family  also  had  some  parcels  of  land  either  in  fee  simple  or  by  lease. ^ 

In  1694,  John  Sanderson  of  Healey  charged  his  estates  at  High  and 
Low  Fauderley,  Lingeyfield  house,  etc.,  with  an  annuity  of  ;^6o  per  annum, 
to  be  paid  to  his  brother  William  Sanderson,  but  Fotherley  was  apparently 
sold  before  1717. 

George  Weatherley  of  Crawcrook  in  1734,  and  Nicholas  and  George 
Weatherley  in  1748,  respectively,  voted  for  freehold  lands  in  Low  Fotherley 
at  elections  of  knights  of  the  shire,  and  in  the  last  named  year  George 
Surtees  of  Ryton  voted  for  High  Fotherley.  In  1826  Thomas  Barker 
Walker  of  Beukley  voted  for  Low  Fotherley,  and  in  1832  Anthony 
Surtees  of  Hamsterley  voted  for  High  Fotherley.  Since  that  period  the 
greater  part  of  the  lands  in  the  township  have  been  absorbed  in  the  Minster- 
acres  estate. 

The  outfield  or  common  of  Fairley-may  comprised  a  parcel  of  land 
'  bounded  on  the  east  by  a  rivulet  called  Coal-burn  and  on  the   north  by 

'  Query  lufrc':  there  is  still  a  patch  of  marshy  ground  called  Fotherley  Moss. 

■-'  Hall  and  Humberston's  Survey.         '  Exchequer  Dcp.  by  Cuminissioii :   17  Jas.  I.  Mich.  Term,  No.  24. 

'  Hodgson,  Northumbcrliind,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  2S7. 

''  1682,  April  15th.  Will  of  Gilbert  Newton  of  Faderley,  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  Peter,  yeoman. 
I  give  to  my  sister  Jane,  40s.  ;  to  George  Angus,  my  sister  Alisse'  sonne,  los.  ;  and  to  Henry  Angus,  my 
sister's  sone,  5s.  I  give  the  residue  of  my  houses,  leases,  lands,  tenements,  and  goods  to  my  brother's 
Sonne,  John  Newton  and  his  heirs.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 

1682,  May  14th.  Will  of  John  Newton  of  High  Fawtherley,  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  Peter,  yeoman. 
I  give  to  my  eldest  son  John  Newton,  and  my  second  son  Thomas  Newton,  ^20  apiece  ;  my  wife  and 
my  daughters  Barbara,  Jane,  and  .'\lice  Newton.  The  legacies  to  be  paid  out  of  my  parcel  of  ground  or 
land  at  Low  Fawtherley  after  the  mortgage  of  ^100  is  paid.     Proved  1682.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 


2o6  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

another  rivulet  called  Fotherley-burii,'  containing  by  admeasurement  445 
acres;  it  remained  open  and  unenclosed  until  1817,  when  under  the 
provisions  of  an  '  Act  for  inclosing  lands  in  the  parishes  of  Ovingham, 
Bywell  St.  Peter,  and  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  52  George  III.'  it  was  given 
to  the  Rev.  Septimus  Hodson  and  Frances  his  wife,  lords  of  the  manor 
of  Bywell,  for  their  consent  to  the  division  and  in  satisfaction  of  their 
interest  in  the  said  common  and  in  that  of  Apperley,  and  as  compensation 
for  the  right  of  common  attached  to  their  farmhold  called  Fairley-may  ; 
the  other  stint  holders  were  compensated  elsewhere. 

TOWNSHIP    OF    ESPERSHIELDS. 

The  township  of  Espershields  comprises  an  irregularly  shaped  tract  of 
land  abutting  on  the  river  Derwent,  and  dividing  the  townships  of  Shotley 
High  Quarter  and  Shotley  Low  Quarter.  It  has  an  area  of  3,734  acres  and, 
in  the  main,  slopes  to  the  south  ;  at  Pit-house  fell  in  the  western  part  it  rises 
to  an  elevation  of  1,032  feet  above  sea-level.  In  iqoi  the  population 
was  94.' 

Though  the  enumeration  of  the  members  of  the  Baliol  fee  in  the  Testa 
de  Nevill  makes  no  mention  of  Espershields,  Minsteracres,  Cronkley,  or 
Winnowshill,  there  is  evidence  to  show  that  from  an  early  period  these 
places,  which  are  all  comprised  in  the  modern  township  of  Espershields, 
formed  part  of  the  Baliol  barony. 

In  the  inquisition  taken  in  1268,  after  the  death  of  John  de  Baliol, 
it  is  stated  that  in  Esperscheles  there  were  two  free  tenants,  Robert 
Walkelin,  who  held  48  acres  and  paid  los.  3d.,  and  Alan  de  Sutton,  who 
held  7  acres  and  rendered  a  pound  of  cummin  of  the  value  of  three  half 
pence.  Robert  Walkelin  also  held  of  the  lord  5  acres  and  paid  2s.  6d.  a 
year  as  ferm  ;  there  were  five  husband  lands,  each  of  which  comprised  57^ 
acres;  they  rendered  33s.  gd.  for  all  services,  and  there  were  three  cottars, 
each  of  whom  held  8  acres  and  paid  4s.  gd.  The  sum  of  the  vill 
was  £2  IIS.  4|d.^  At  Mynstanesacres  there  were  four  tenants,  viz.,  Robert 
de  Rue,  who  held  freely  and  paid  5s.  a  year  ;  Alan  Warin,  who  held  24 
acres  and  paid  2s.  ;   Maud  Grey,  who  held  16  acres  and  paid  2od. ;  and  the 

'The  Census  Returns   are:  1801,160;    1811,185;    1821,180;    1831,195;     1841,198;    1851,187; 
1861,  182  ;    1871,  172  ;   1881,  120  ;   l8gi,  127  ;   igoi,  94. 

=  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Baliol,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43 ;  ij.  Cut.  Due.  Rd.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  500. 


ESPERSHIELDS   TOWNSHIP.  207 

widow,  Emma  of  Crawcrokes,  who  held  Hesilihirst,  estimated  at  40  acres, 
and  paid  24s.  The  sum  of  the  vill  was  32s.  8d/  At  Crombeclyve,  which 
was  a  pertinent  of  Bywell,  there  were  in  demesne  93  acres,  each  worth  6d. 
an  acre,  46s.  6d.  ;  a  mill  worth  4  marks  ;  four  bondmen  who  held  67  acres 
in  severalty  {particulariter)  and  paid  33s.  gd.  ;  and  four  cottars  who  held 
12  acres  and  paid  6s.  gd.     The  sum  of  the  vill  was  £']  os.  4d." 

In  the  extent  made  at  Bywell,  May  2nd,  1271,  for  the  purpose  of 
assigning  the  dower  of  Agnes  de  Valence,  widow  of  Hugh  de  Baliol,  it  is 
stated  that  in  Espersheles,  Robert  Walkelyn  held  40  acres  of  land  and  for 
all  services  paid  a  free  rent  of  los.  3d. ;  Alan  de  Sutton  held  6|  acres  and 
rendered  one  pound  of  cummin.  There  were  two  tenants  who  held  33  acres 
of  land  at  the  lord's  will,  for  which  they  paid  i6s.  6d.  yearly,  and  two 
tenants  who  held  24  acres  and  paid  12s.  a  year.  William  Turpyn  held  10 
acres  and  3  roods  at  the  lord's  will,  and  for  all  services  paid  5s.  ii^d. 
There  were  also  six  cottars  who  held  16  acres  in  common,  besides  every 
man  his  own  cottage,  and  paid  8s.  6d.  a  year.  The  sum  of  the  whole 
farm  of  Espersheles  was  £2  12s.  ii|d.  Mynstanaker  was  held  by  Robert 
and  Alan  de  Mynstanaker,  who  for  all  services  paid  8s.  8d.  There  were 
85  acres  of  demesne  and  meadow  land  at  Crombclyve  worth  46s.  8d., 
and  a  mill  worth  53s.  4d.  ;  four  husbandmen  held  68  acres  in  common 
and  for  all  services  paid  33s.  lod.  a  year;  five  cottars  held  a  cottage  and 
court  yard  each  and  paid  7s.  4d.  yearly  for  all  services  ;  the  sum  of  the 
vill  of  Crombeclyve  was  £']  is.  2d.''  Ten  months  later  an  inquisition  taken 
at  Morpeth  on  March  8th,  127 1/2,  makes  a  similar  return,  but  adds  the 
names  of  Robert  de  Rue,  Adam  Waryn,  and  the  widow  Emma  of  Craw- 
crook,  as  tenants  of  Mynstanacres  and  Hesilehirst,  for  which  they  rendered 
32s.  8d.* 


Crumclef  Subsidy  Rot.l, 

1296. 

/;    s. 

d. 

S. 

d. 

Summa  bonorum 

Raclulphi  de  Cotum 

3   0 

4 

iinde  di 

omino  regi 

5 

6 

V 

Willelmi  Alayncheles 

I  19 

9 

tt 

3 

7i 

» 

Willelmi  filii  Willelmi  de  Alanclieles 

'  15 

II 

)) 

3 

3i 

)' 

Robert!  Wauclyn       

3   3 

li 

5) 

5 

9 

It 

Roberti  carpentarii 

0  18 

8 

5» 

I 

%h 

)1 

Gilbert!  Spurn'            

I    9 

2 

)» 

2 

8 

It 

Johannis  Mahen 

1     8 

8 

tt 

I 

n 

Summa  totalis  villae  de  Crumclef,  /13  15s.  yid.     Unde  regi,  25s.  o|d.  (siV). 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Baliol,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43;  cf.  Cat.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  500. 

'  I^iil-  "  Inq.  p.m.  55  Hen.  III.  No.  33 ;  cf.  Cal.  Doc.  Rcl.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  531. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Baliol,  56  Hen.  III.  No.  26  ;  cf.  Cal.  Doc.  Rcl.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  542. 


208  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    PETER. 

WODERENDI.ES  SUBSIDY   ROLI,,  1296. 

C      s.      ,1.  s.     d. 

Suninia  bonoriim  Robcrti  dc  Minstanacies       ...         ...         ...         191  undc  regi     2     7? 

„                  Rogeri  dc  Ilcslihiist               3   11     8  „             6     6.| 

„                  Alani  de  Brunicrokes             ...         ...         ...          i     6  10  „             25] 

Hugonis  de  Haysand            ...         ...         ...         239  „            40 

.Suninia  totalis  liujiis  villac.  £&  iis.  4d.     Unde  regi,  15s.  y\A. 

There  is  no  separate  return  either  for  Espershields  or  Ministeracres  for 
the  subsidy  of  1296  nor  for  these  places  nor  for  Winnowshill  in  that  of  1336. 

Cromclife  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 

Willelmus  filiiis  Radulphi,  3s.  ;  Willelmus  filius  Aliciae,  2s.  6d.  ;   Johannes  Pacoke,  2s.  ;   Thomas 
Saddler,  2s.  6d. ;  .Summa,  los. 

There  was  at  this  period  a  series  of  small  actions  relating  to  Espershields, 
which  is  described  as  a  hamlet  of  Cronkley.  On  the  Friday  after  April  25th, 
1306,  John  Conyers  of  Stub-house  being  seised  of  a  purparty  of  '  Crounclef,' 
the  vill  and  mill  of  Espershields,  and  of  lands  at  Unthank  and  'Hiddewyne 
iu.xta  Hiddewyne-laws,'  demised  them  to  Robert  Wauclyne  of  Espershields, 
at  a  certain  reserved  rent.  On  the  Tuesday  after  May  3rd,  1342,  Robert  de 
Esthydewyne  granted  a  rent  charge  payable  out  of  Hiddewyne  ju.xta 
Hiddewyne  laws,  Unthank  and  Espershields  to  Robert,  son  of  the  same  John 
Conyers.  After  Robert  de  Esthydewyne's  death  the  disputes  of  Robert 
Conyers  with  Robert  de  Heddon's  widow,  Agnes,  and  their  son,  Robert,  led 
to  at  least  two  trials  at  the  Northumberland  Assize,  but  the  outcome  does 
not  appear.^ 

By  a  deed  made  at  East  Heddon,  March  7th,  1340,  Hugo  de  Bywell, 
chaplain,  regranted  to  Robert  de  Est  Hedwyn  certain  lands  and  tenements 
in  the  vills  of  Hydewyn  Est,  Unthank,  Espersheels,  and  Wollowe,  to  hold 
for  the  term  of  his  Ufe,  with  remainder  to  Robert,  son  of  the  said  Robert  de 
Hedwyn  Est,  and  his  wife  Cecilia,  daughter  of  William  de  Wylome,  burgess 
of  Newcastle,  and  their  issue,  with  remainder  to  the  right  heirs  of  Robert, 
senior.-     Seven  years  later  Gilbert  le  Milnestonacres,'  chaplain,  is  mentioned 

^Assize  Rolls,  9  Edward  III.  Duke  of  Northumberland's  Transcript,  p.  333.     Assi::c  Rolls,  28-32 
Edward  III.  Duke  of  Northumberland's  Transcript,  pp.  509,  510. 

-  Randal  MSS.  vol.  iii.  p.  58.  Ex  orig.  penes  Thomas  Gyll  arm.  Hugo  de  Bywell  capellanus  .  .  . 
Roberto  de  Hydewyn  Est  omnia  ilia  terras  .  .  .  ac  etiam  quoddum  molendinum  aquaticum  cum 
tota  secta  pert,  et  cum  toto  dominio  meo  ubique  cum  suis  pert.,  quae  quidem  habui  de  done  et  feoff, 
praed.  Roberti  in  villis  de  Hydewyn  Est,  Unthank,  Esperscheles  et  Wollawe  in  com.  Northumbriae. 
Habenda  et  ten.  praed.  Roberto  et  assignatis  suis  ad  totam  vitam  ipsius  Roberti.  Remainder  to  Robert, 
son  of  the  aforesaid  Robert  de  Hydewyn  Est,  and  Cecilia,  daughter  of  William  de  Wylome,  burgess  of 
Newcastle,  and  the  heirs  of  Robert  and  Cecilia  of  their  body,  in  default  of  such  heirs,  remainder  to  the 
right  heirs  of  Robert  of  Hydewyn  Est,  the  father.  Hiis  testibus.  Dnis  Gilberto  de  Burghdoun,  tunc 
vicecom.  Northumbriae,  Johanne  de  Insula  de  Wodeburn,  Roberto  Darreyns,  militibus,  Roberto  de 
Hydewyn  Est,  Johanne  de  Rouchester,  Willelmo  de  Hydewyn.  At  Hydewyn  Est,  March  7th,  1340. 
'  Dominus  Gilbertus  de  Mynstanacre  was  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  about  1352. 


ESPERSHIELDS    TOWNSHIP.  20g 

in   a   licence  granted   by   Edward  III.  to  permit  the  prior  and  convent  of 
Hexham  to  acquire  lands  in  Eachwick,  Whitchester,  etc' 

Cronkle  Muster  Roll,  1538. 
Alexander  Eleson,  John  So'iimson,  Georg  Marshell  Rolland  Symson,  Symond  Parker  ;    able  with 
hors  and  harnes.'-' 

The  family  of  Elrington  was  settled  at  Elrington  in  the  chapelry  of 
Haydon  as  early  as  the  reign  of  King  John,^  but  they  do  not  seem  ever  to 
have  attained  a  position  of  any  importance.  It  is  not  known  when  or  by 
what  means  they  acquired  Espershields,  at  which  place  Robert  Elrington, 
who  died  February  24th,  151 1/2,  is  stated  to  have  held  a  messuage,  100  acres 
of  land,  200  acres  of  meadow,  200  acres  of  pasture,  and  600  acres  of  moss, 
and  also  a  messuage  in  Cronkley  with  100  acres  of  land,  100  acres  of  marsh, 
200  acres  of  pasture,  and  600  acres  of  moss.  His  son,  Thomas  Elrington, 
was  thirty-six  years  of  age  at  his  father's  death.^  There  is  not  sufficient 
material  for  the  construction  of  a  pedigree,  but  the  following  wills,  extracted 
from  the  Probate  Registry  at  Durham,  afford  some  genealogical  details. 

1571,  29th  August.  Will  of  Simon  Ellringham  of  Espersheles,  in  the  parish  of  Biwell  Peter  :  I  give 
to  my  cosens,  Thomas  and  Richard  Boithe,  two  old  angells^  apeice ;  and  to  Robert  Boithe  two  olde  angells ; 
to  John  Swinburne  of  Wilome  and  to  his  wife,  two  old  angells  ;  to  Anthony  Hall  of  Durhame  and  to  his 
wife,  two  old  angells;  to  Mrs.  Booithe,  sexe  old  angells  which  she  hath  in  her  custody;  to  William 
Bailey,  Thomas  Hall,  and  John  Hall's  wife,  an  old  angell  apiece;  to  David  Carnabie,  two  old  angels,  and 
Anthony  Carnabie,  a  french  crowne  ;  to  John  Watson  of  Newcastle,  two  old  angells  and  an  old  ringe, 
and  to  his  wife,  one  old  angell ;  to  John  Watson,  father  of  the  aforesaid  John,  a  gold  ring,  and  the  rest 
of  the  old  angells  that  is  within  my  chest  at  Old  Durham.  All  my  servants  and  hinds  to  have  one 
quarter's  wage  beside  their  wages  and  two  yowes  each.  To  Richard  Teasdale  of  Colepotts,  all  the  debts 
he  oweth  me.  I  give  to  my  servant,  Lancelot  Carr,  his  father's  farmeholde,  which  is  in  my  hande, 
at  Unthanke  for  twenty-one  years  after  my  death.  To  my  sisters,  the  wife  of  John  Smith  and  the  wife 
of  Thomas  Readshaw,  one  cowe  apiece.  To  Thomas  Benson,  clerk,  parson  of  Edr.iundbyers,  6s.  8d.  for 
his  pains.  I  give  the  residue  to  my  uncle,  Roger  Booithe,  and  my  cosen.  John  Watson  of  Durham,  and 
appoint  them  executors.  Supervisor,  Mr.  Anthony  Ratclifife  and  Mr.  Cuthbert  Ratcliffe,  his  son.  Proved, 
1 571.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 

1574,  25th  January.  Will  of  Robert  Ellrington  of  Espersheles:  To  my  son,  John  Ellrnigton,  my 
lands  and  commons  in  the  town  of  Ellrington,  and  also  my  lands  and  houses  lying  in  Hadon-bridge,  as 
specified  in  a  deed  of  gift,  '  made  and  dated  before  my  death,  to  my  son  and  his  heirs  ; '  to  my  son,  Martyn 
Ellrington,  my  farmhold  at  Unthank;  to  my  son,  George  Ellrington,  a  farmhold  of  the  rent  of  13s.  4d., 
being  now  in  the  tenor  of  Janet  Ellrington,  my  stepmother,  in  the  towne  of  Cronckly,  after  the  death  of 
the  said  Janet;  to  my  son,  William  Ellrington,  a  close  of  the  rent  of  36s.;  to  my  daughters,  Marrion  and 
Agnes  Ellrington,  the  yearly  rent  of  los.  out  of  my  farmhold  in  Unthank,    To  John  Ellrington,  my  son, 

'  Rot.  Pat.  21  Edward  HI.  pt.  ii.  niemb.  29;  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  p.  142. 
■  ylrch.  Ael.  410  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  178.  '  Cf.  Hodgson.  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  iii.  pp.  371-2. 

'  Inq.  p.m.,  Rob.  Elrington,  24  Eliz.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  K,'  p.  626. 
'  The  angel  was  a  gold  coin  bearing  a  representation  of  St.  Michael  and  the  Dragon,  and  was  first 
introduced  into  England  by  Edward  IV. 

Vol.  VI.  27 


2IO  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 

being  base-born  or  bastard,  4  sheepe  to  help  him  to  an  occupation.  To  the  children  of  John  Carr,  my 
son-in-law,  each  a  shepc ;  to  Richard  Carr,  son  of  the  said  John  Carr,  one  quye  stirke.  1  appoint  my 
wife,  Custons  Ellrinyton,  my  sons,  John,  Martyn,  George,  and  William  EUrington,  and  my  daughters, 
Marrion  and  Agnes  Ellrington,  executors.  My  brother-in-law,  John  Carr,  and  Harry  Wallace  supervisors. 
Witness,  Thomas  Benson,  clerk,  parson  of  Edmundbyers.     Proved,  1574.     Ibid. 

1577,  January  31st.  Will  of  John  EIrington  of  the  parish  of  Edmundbiers:  I  give  to  my  brother, 
William  EIrington,  my  right,  title,  etc.,  to  the  lordship  of  EIrington  for  his  life  ;  remainder  to  my  brother, 
Cieorge  EIrington  ;  remainder  to  the  heyre  of  the  Elringtons.  I  give  to  my  uncle,  John  Carr,  my  gilt 
daggar,  he  to  be  guardian  to  my  brother  William  till  18.  My  mother,  Custance  EIrington,  my  brethren, 
Martin  and  George  EIrington,  my  sisters,  .-Xnne  and  Mallie  EIrington.     Sharp,  Test.  Diiiiclm. 

In  August,  1603,  Margaret  EIrington  of  Espersheles,  widow,  George 
EIrington  and  others,  were  lying  under  sentence  of  excommunication  for  not 
paying  cessments,  and  for  larestones,  to  the  church  of  Bywell  St.  Peter.' 

ESPERSHIELS,    HEALEY,    ETC.,    SUBSIDY    ROLL,    1627.= 

Mr.  EUeringtone,  5s.;  Mr.  Saundersonne,  5s.:  John  Swinburne,  I2d.;  Richard  Suirties,  2s.;  Robert 
Teesdaill,  2S. ;  Izaac  Nicholsone,  4d.;  Jaine  Newtone,  4d. ;  Robert  Hunter,  I2d. ;  William  Suirties,  6d. ; 
John  Usher,  4d.;  Thomas  March,  6d. ;  Thomas  .-Vndrewe,  4d.  ;  Thomas  Snawball,  4d. ;  Ralphe  Carr, 
6d. ;  Christofor  Newton,  4d.  ;  John  Wilkinsone,  I2d.     Summe,  20s.  6d. 

The  name  of  John  EIrington,  gentleman,  occurs  in  the  list  of  freeholders 
in  1628  ;^  and  in  1663  John  EIrington,  esq.,  was  rated  at  ^^137  for  lands  at 
Cronkley,  Millshields,  Unthank,  and  Espershields,  and  at  £2>^  for  part  of 
EIrington  and  demesne.* 

ESPERSHEILES,   CRONCKLEY  .\ND  WhINNY-HILL   HeaRTH   TaX   OR   SUBSIDY   ROLL,    1665.=' 
.•\nthony  Wilkinson,  i  chimney ;  Mrs.  Elizabeth  E[l]rington,  2  chimneys  ;  Thomas  Ord,  John  Ellison, 
Alexander  Proude,  Cuthbert  Ridley,  John  Buckham,  Robert  Proude,each  one  chimney  ;  nine  chimneys  in  all. 

On  October  15th,  1670,  George  EIrington  of  Espershields  procured  a 
licence  to  marry  Margaret  Parkin  of  St.  Margaret's,  Durham,'  but  seems  to 
have  had  no  issue,  as  he  was  succeeded  by  John  EIrington,  apparently  his 
brother.  The  latter  had  issue,  a  son,  William,  who,  dying  at  Ebchester,  was 
buried  at  Shotley,  March  5th,  170 1/2,'  and  two  daughters,  Elizabeth  and 
Isabella,  who  became  co-heiresses  to  their  father  and  brother,  and  married 
respectively  Christopher  Hunter  of  Medonisley  and  Gabriel  Reed  of  Trough - 
end  in  Redesdale.  The  EIrington  arms  are  stated  to  be  :  Gu/es  and  argent 
three  cinquefoils  counter-changed.    .    .    .    .' 

'  E.\tract  from  Durham  Records,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  U,'  pp.  270,  271. 
-  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  ii.  new  series,  p.  131.  ^  Arch.  Ael.  410  series,  vol.  ii.  p.  320. 

*  Book  of  Rates,  1663.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  pp.  292,  298,  335. 

=  P.R.O.  Subsidy  Roll,  ig§.        '  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  x'ol.  iii.  p.  372.         '  Mcdomslcy  Register. 

*  Craster  Tables,  made  in  1662  ;  cf.  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  iii.  p.  372. 


ESPERSHIELDS    TOWNSHIP.  211 

In  the  division  of  John  Elrington's  estates  between  his  two  daughters, 
the  mansion  and  the  greater  part  of  Espershields  fell  to  the  share  of  Mrs. 
Hunter.  On  July  19th,  1738,  Christopher  Hunter'  of  Durham  and  Elizabeth, 
his  wife,  and  Thomas  Hunter  of  Durham,  their  eldest  son  and  heir  apparent, 
with  the  consent  of  Charles  Hammond  of  Bolton  hall,  county  York,  who 
held  a  mortgage  on  the  estate  for  the  sum  of  _^'i,205,  conveyed  Espershields 
to  Ralph  Clavering  of  Causey,  county  Durham  ;  the  consideration  being  the 
suin  of  ;^i,6oo  (out  of  which  the  mortgage  was  to  be  discharged),  a  deferred 
payment  of  £100,  and  the  payment  of  an  annuity  of  £6  for  the  life  of  Thomas 
Hunter,  the  son.^  By  his  will,  dated  January  12th,  1746,  Ralph  Clavering 
gave  Espershields  to  his  wife,  Ann  Clavering,  for  her  life,  and  then  to  Robert 
Smith,  son  of  Robert  Smith,  alderman  of  Durham,  in  tail  male.  Robert 
Smith  survived  Mrs.  Clavering,  but  was  dead  before  January  loth, 
1758,  when  his  eldest  brother,  Cuthbert  Smith  of  Snowsgreen,  was  in 
possession.  He  died  in  1762,'  and  on  June  8th,  1762,  Espershields  and 
certain  other  lands  were  conveyed  by  John  Smith  of  Snowsgreen,  brother 
and  heir  at  law  of  the  said  Cuthbert  Smith,  to  his  two  younger  brothers, 
Michael  Smith,  D.D.,  of  Freckenham,  Suffolk,  clerk  in  holy  orders, 
and  Ralph  Smith  of  Cliffords- fort,  to  whom,  on  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec 
common,  an  allotment  of  506  acres  was  made  in  respect  of  their  tenement 
of  Espershields. 

Margaret,  widow  of  Robert  Smith,  was  entitled  to  her  dower,  which 
she  still  enjoyed  in  1769  when  she  is  described  as  'now  wife  of  Richard 
Newton  of  Morpeth.'  Michael  Smith,  who  died  May  6th,  1773,*  gave  all 
his  estates,  charged  with  certain  legacies,  to  his  brother,  Ralph  Smith,  then 
residing  at    the    Riding,   who    by    his    will,    dated   March   29th,    1784,   gave 

'  In  1734  Christopher  Hunter  of  Durham  voted  for  Espershields.     Poll  Book. 

■  Ralph  Clavering  of  Causey  married  in  1717  Anne,  daughter  of  Cuthbert  Smith  of  the  Law, 
Medomsley,  sister  to  Cuthbert  Smith,  alderman  of  Newcastle,  and  also  to  Robert  Smith,  alderman 
of  Durham.     Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  228;  Newcastle  Merchant  Adventurers,  Dendy,  vol.  ii.  p.  340. 

^  1762,  May  9.  Died  at  Snows-green,  Mr.  Cuthbert  Smith,  attorney  at  law  and  one  of  the  aldermen 
of  the  city  of  Durham,  by  a  fall  from  his  horse  ;  he  fell  upon  his  breech,  and  being  corpulent  his  whole 
frame  was  shaken.     This  accident  happened  on  the  7th  of  May.     Diary  of  Thomas  Gyll  of  Barton. 

'  There  is  a  monument  to  Dr.  Smith's  memory  in  the  chapel  of  Emanuel  College,  Cambridge 
(cf.  Brand,  Ncurastle,  vol.  i.  p.  103).  The  will  of  Michael  Smith  of  Freckenham,  Suffolk,  D.D.,  is  dated 
April  lotb,  1773,  and  was  proved  at  the  Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury  on  the  14th  May  following. 
The  testator  gives  ^700  to  tlie  master  and  fellows  of  Emanuel  College  in  trust  to  pay  ^16  per  annum 
to  some  young  student  of  the  said  college,  preference  being  given  to  a  student  from  Durham  or 
Newcastle  schools  ;  and  bequeaths  all  his  real  and  personal  estates,  charged  with  legacies,  to  his 
brother  Ralph  Smith  of  the  Riding  in  the  county  of  Northumberland,  esq. 


2  12  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELh    ST.    PETER. 

Espershields  to  his  wife  for  her  life  and  then  to  Robert  Surtees  of 
Milkwell-burn  ;^  in  1810  it  was  conveyed  by  Anthony  Surtees  of  the 
Riding  to  George  Silvertop  of  Ministeracres. 

Mr.  Silvertop  seems  to  have  retained  a  portion  of  the  premises  when, 
in  1 81 7,  he  sold  Espershields  homestead  with  819  acres  to  his  kinsman, 
Mathias  Dunn  of  Stella,  to  whose  grandnephew,  Mr.  A.  W.  Dunn,  it  now 
belongs." 

On  the  partition  of  John  Elrington's  estates,  Cronkley  fell  to  the  share 
of  his  daughter  Isabella,  who,  on  June  13th,  171 1,  was  married  at  St.  Mary's, 
in  the  South  Bailey,  Durham,  to  Gabriel  Reed  of  Troughend.  Their  son, 
Elrington  Reed  of  Troughend,  in  1747,  advertised  for  sale  151  acres  of  land 
at  Cronkley  ;  76  acres  at  Millshields,  together  with  a  corn  mill,  a  fulling 
mill  and  dye  house ;  93  acres  at  East  Espershields,  and  a  moiety  of  Unthank 
with  the  colliery  there.'  These  farms  were  purchased  by  George  Silvertop 
of  Stella,  and  conveyed  to  him  on  June  5th,  1750.  On  the  5th  of  November 
following,  he  conveyed  the  manor  and  estate  of  Cronkley,  the  fulling  and 
corn  mills  at  Millshields,  certain  closes  at  Espershields,  and  a  moiety  of 
Unthank  to  John  Stephenson,  alderman  of  Newcastle,  by  way  of  mortgage.^ 
On  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common  an  allotment  of  380  acres  was  made  to 
Mr.  Silvertop,  in  lieu  of  rights  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to 
Cronkley  and  Millshields,  and  since  that  period  these  places  have  formed 
part  of  the  Minsteracres  estate. 

Minsteracres,  in  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  was  in  the  tenure  of  an 
offshoot  of  the  ancient  family  of  Swinburne  (probably  of  the  Chopwell 
branch),  as  tenants  of  the  earl  of  Westmorland.*  Of  this  familv  Richard 
Swinburne,  who,  of  the  good  will  of  his  uncle,  William  Swinburne,  held  half 
a  tenement,  made  his  will  February  14th,  1584/5. 

'  On  Feb.  2nd,  1790,  Robert  Surtees  sold  his  reversionary  interest  to  Anthony  Surtees  of  Ackworth, 
county  York,  who  by  his  will,  dated  Dec.  20th,  1S03,  gave  all  his  real  estate  in  the  counties  of  Durham 
and  Northumberland  to  his  'relation'  Anthony  Surtees,  then  of  Newcastle  but  afterwards  of  the  Riding. 
Mr.  A.  \V.  Dunn's  Title  Deeds. 

"  The  particulars  of  the  dealings  with  the  estate  since  1738  are  taken  from  Mr.  .A.  W.  Dunn's 
Title  Deeds. 

■'  Newcastle  Journal,  25th  July,  1747. 

*  Deeds  enrolled  at  Quarter  Sessions,  in  the  custody  of  the  Clerk  of  the  Peace. 

=  William  Swynburne  holds  one  messuage  called  Mynstracres,  with  all  messuages,  lands,  meadows, 
feedings,  moors,  pastures,  commons,  houses,  buildings  and  closes  whatsoever,  with  their  appurtenances, 
belonging  to  the  said  messuage,  for  ten  years'  indenture  dated  27th  .'\ugust,  1566;  yearly  rent  £1  13s.  4d. 
Hall  and  Homberston's  Survcv. 


ESPERSHIELDS    TOWNSHIP.  213 

I,  Richard  Swinburne  off  Mintstrakers,  in  the  parish  off  Biwell  Peter,  seeke  in  bodie  but  of  whole 
and  perfect  remembrance,  praysed  be  God,  doe  make  this  my  last  will.  I  give  my  soule  to  Almighty 
God,  my  Maker  and  Redeemer,  and  my  bodie  to  be  buried  within  my  parishe  church  aforesaid,  paing 
all  such  dewyes  as  is  accustomed  for  the  same.  I  give  and  bequeath  to  my  base  begotten  sonne  James 
Swinburne,  2  quyes,  4  yewes,  2  hogge  sheepe,  and  the  corne  that  is  growinge  upon  two  lands  lying  at 
Denton  Gappe;  to  Anthonie  Fouster,  one  oxe  calte,  that  suckes  upon  the  beld  cow;  to  Tomison  Fouster 
of  Whittingstall,  a  kenninge  of  ry  and  a  kenninge  of  oattes  ;  to  every  one  of  my  brethren  a  lamb  at  the 
spaininge  tyme  ;  to  Roger  Swinburne,  my  sister's  sonne,  a  lamb  at  the  spaininge  tyme  ;  to  my  wife, 
Margarette  Swinburne,  all  my  right  and  title  of  the  halfe  tenement  called  Mintstrakers,  which  I  have  by 
the  goode  will  of  my  uncle  William  Swinburne,  duringe  hir  widoehead  ;  and  yf  she  fortune  to  mary,  I 
will  that  my  two  children,  John  Swinburne  and  Alexander  Swinburne,  shall  have  the  same.  The 
residue  of  all  my  goods  moveable  and  unmoveable,  my  debts,  legacies,  funeralls,  and  all  other  dueys 
discharged,  I  give  and  bequeathe  to  my  wife  Margarette  Swinburne,  and  my  two  children  John 
Swinburne  and  Alexander  Swinburne,  whom  I  make  my  full  executors.  And  I  make  John  .Swinburne, 
Gawayn  Swinburne,  and  Robert  Smithe  supervisors  hereof 

Inventory  taken  April  14th,  1585.  Imprimus :  4  oxen,  ^7  6s.  Sd.  ;  3  kyne  and  one  stirke,  ^4  los.  ; 
2  quyes  and  one  bull,  £2  ;  10  yewes,  £2  3s.  4d.  ;  g  hoggs,  £1  4s.  ;  2  weathers  and  a  toupe,  lis.  ;  ry  on 
the  ground,  ^i  ;  ottes  on  the  ground,  15s.  ;  corne  in  the  stake,  12s.  ;  all  the  insight  geare,  ^3  6s.  8d. 
Suma,  ^23  8s.  8d.     Debts  owing  by  deceased,  lis.  gd.' 

Richard    Swinburne     of    Minsteracres  ;     will     dated  ^  IMargaret  ;  excommunicated  30th  .\ugust,  1603,  fornotpay- 


14th  February,  15S4  ;  proved  gth  March,  1586;  to 
be  buried  in  church  of  Bywell  Peter.  Inventory 
14th  April,  1585. 


ing  cesses,  or  larestone  money,  to  the  parish  church  ; 
administration  of  her  personal  estate  granted  :7th  .April, 
1624,  to  her  two  sons,  John  and  Alexander. 


John  Swinburne  of  Minsteracres,  1584  and  1624;  administration  of  his  personal  =  Margaret.         Alexander  Swinburne, 
estate  granted  30th  June,  1630,  to  Margaret  the  widow  and  John  the  son.  1584  and  1624. 


John  Swinburne  of  Minsteracres,  assessed  for  Minstrakers,  in  1663,  at  ^18  per  annum. 

Margaret  Swinburne,  probably  the  widow  of  Richard,  on  August  2nd, 
1593,  obtained  a  twenty-one  years'  lease  of  the  'capital  messuage  called 
Minstrakers,'  by  letters  patent  under  the  seal  of  the  Court  of  the  Exchequer, 
the  rent  being  33s.  4d.  She  was  still  living  in  1608  when  it  was  stated  that 
the  value  of  the  holding  was  £6  13s.  4d.  per  annum  over  and  above  the 
rent.-  A  'messuage  called  Minstracres,  and  all  messuages,  houses,  and  lands 
thereto  belonging,  late  in  the  tenure  of  William  Swynborne,  now  of  Margaret 
Swinborne  .  .  .  late  belonging  to  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland,  attainted 
of  high  treason,'  were  included  in  a  lease  granted  on  the  loth  April,  1610,  to 
John  Eldred,  and  William  Whitmore  for  the  term  of  sixty  years,  the  reserved 
rent  for  the  tenement  being  33s.  4d.'  In  1663,  Mr.  John  Swinbourne  of 
Minsterakers  was  rated  for  an  estate  there  at  _^i8  per  annum.* 

'  Durham  Probate  Registry.  ■  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey. 

"  Pat.  Rolls,  8  Jas.  I.  pt.  4g. 

'  Buuk  uf  Rates.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  287. 


214  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.I,    ST.    PETER. 

At  the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1710,  John  Cook  of  Minstrakers 
voted  for  hinds  in  this  phice,  and  at  the  election  of  17 15,  William  Hindmarsh 
of  Newcastle  voted  on  a  similar  qualification.  Shortly  afterwaids  it  was 
acquired  by  the  family  of  Silvertop,  then  of  Stella,  and  on  August  30th,  1738, 
was  conveyed  by  Albert  Silvertop  of  Stella,  the  younger,  to  Charles  Atkinson 
of  Newcastle,  hostman,  to  secure  an  annuity  of  £'40  per  annum  and  the 
repayment  of  the  sum  of  ^400.'  The  estate  has  been  enlarged  by  successive 
purchases  of  contiguous  farms,  by  an  allotment  of  758  acres  made  to  George 
Silvertop  on  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common,  and  by  the  purchase  in  1800 
from  Mr.  George  Baker  of  Crook  of  the  manorial  rights  of  the  barony  of 
Bolbec." 

The  fortunes  of  the  Silvertop^  family  seem  to  have  been  laid  by 
Albert  Silvertop  the  elder,  who,  in  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
resided  at  Stella  house ^  and  acted  as  agent  to  the  titular  Lord  Widdrington, 
whose  royalty  in  Stella  township  he  leased  and  worked.  His  son,  George 
Silvertop,  was  one  of  the  lessees  in  1752  of  the  Bishop  of  Durham  for 
the  working  of  coal  in  the  Grand  Lease  royalty  in  the  parish  of  Ryton,  in 
which  lease  he  was  associated  with  Sir  Henry  Vane,  bart..  Sir  Walter 
Blackett,  bart..  Dean  Marley,  and  others,  his  share  being  one-seventh. 
From  his  co-lessees  he  took  a  sub-lease  of  certain  collieries  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Greenside.  In  1761,  with  Lord  Widdrington,  he 
commenced  to  lead  coals  from  Bush-blades  colliery  on  the  Derwent  ;  he 
was  also  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  royalty  of  Winlaton  lordship  ;  when 
Blaydon  Main  colliery  was  commenced  in  1779,  his  share  was  about  a 
sixteenth.  George  Silvertop  died  in  1789,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son 
John,  who  continued  to  work  his  father's  collieries,  and  in  conjunction  with 
them  the  royalty  of  Chopwell,  belonging  to  Earl  Cowper.* 

'  Deeds  enrolled  at  Quarter  Sessions  in  the  custody  of  the  Clerk  of  the  Peace. 

-  Minsteracres,  27th  August,  iSoi.  John  Silvertop,  escj.,  lord  of  the  barony  of  Bolebeck  alias 
Bulbeck,  gives  public  notice  of  his  intention  to  perambulate  the  boundaries  and  limits  of  the  said  barony 
and  manor,  such  perambulation  to  commence  on  Monday  28th  September  next,  at  Eddissbridge,  in  the 
parish  of  Shotley,  from  thence  to  proceed  to  the  river  Darwent,  and  to  continue  till  the  whole  of  the 
boundaries  and  limits  shall  be  ridden.     Local  newspapers,  Bell  Collection. 

^  The  name  is  an  old  Northumberland  one.  Two  .Silvertops  made  a  raid  on  the  goods  of  Gilbert  de 
Umframvill  at  Birtley  in  the  middle  of  the  fourteenth  century  in  company  with  William  Heron,  Roger 
Widdrington,  and  William  Swinburne.     Cf.  Bates'  Northumberland,  p.  174 

'  Cf.  Bourn,  Hist,  of  Par.  of  Rytoii  (1896),  p.  81. 

'  Ex  inf.  1900,  Mr.  J.  B.  Simpson  of  Bradley  hall. 


ESPERSHIELDS    TOWNSHIP. 


215 


SILVERTOP    (WITHAM    AND    ENGLEFIELD) 
OF   MINSTERACRES. 

AkmS  :  Argent  on  a  fess  gules  between  three  granadoes  sable  fired 
I'roper  a  plate.  Crest  :  A  tiger^s  bead  erased  argent  struck  through 
the  neck  with  a  broken  lance  proper.  Granted  to  George  Silvertop 
of  Minsteracres,  12th  May,  1758. 

Anne   Silvertop   of   Ryton-town,   widow,   buried  at   Ryton,   27th   April, 
160S  (a). 

Margaret  Silvertop  of  Blaydon,  buried  3rd  December,  1678  (a). 

Mary  Silvertop  of  Blaydon,  buried  i5th  August,  1680  (a). 


William  Silvertop  of  Blaj'don  in  the 
parish  of  Ryton,  drowned  in  the 
Tyne,  27th  May,  buried  28th  May, 
1682  («). 


Albert  Silvertop  of : 
Stella  in  the  parish 
of  Ryton,  born  Feb., 
1667  (a).  In  a  deed 
dated  29th  August, 
1738,  called  'the 
elder.'  Buried  in 
Ryton  chancel,  14th 
Feb.,  1738/9  («)  ; 
will  dated  21st  June, 
1736,  pr.  27th   Feb., 

1738/9  W- 


Ann,  dau.  of  . 
Galley  (e). 


Robert  Silvertop  of  Blaydon,  bur.  15th  April,  1705  (a). 

Mary,  baptised  13th  July,  1684  (a). 
Elizabeth,  baptised  4th  November,  1688  (a). 


Mary,  daughter  of 
Joseph  Dunn  of 
Blaydon,  mar. 
23rd  May,  1703 
(f);  died  ...  June, 
17560);  buried 
at  St.  Nicholas' 
church,  New- 
castle ;  will  da- 
ted 20th  Oct., 
1750,  pr.  nth 
Oct.,  1757  {e)  ; 
mentions  her 
seven      children 


I 

William  Silvertop  of  Blyth  Link-house  ; 
will  dated  27th  March,  1722,  pr.  6th 
Nov.  of  same  year  :  executors — '  my 
brothers  Albert  Silvertop  and  Joseph 
Dunn  '  ((i)  (»0-  t 


[Ann J  Dunn  of  Alice,  mar.  15th 
of      Blaydon        Oct.,     1706, 
(^)  ;     ?  [bur.        Thomas 
7th        April,        Maughan 
1706  (a)].  (a). 


I      I      I      I 
Robert    Silvertop,   eldest    son, 

living     1722  ;      will     dated 

14th  November,  1764,  proved 

1765  W. 
William,  buried  25th  December,  1705  («). 
Albert,  buried  l8th  January,  1705/6  («). 
Ann,  buried  2nd  February,  1705/6  (a). 


Isabel,  married  George  Sur- 
tees  of  Gateshead  ;  bond 
of  marriage,  nth  April, 
1723- 


Bridget,    dau.    of    Henry : 
Whittingham    of    Whit- 
tingham,  co.  Lancaster, 
living  17th   April,    1758 


:  George    Silvertop   of    Stella,   born  =  Jane,  dau.  of  Charles  Selby  of  Earle,]:  and  wife,  first 


22nd  Feb.,  1705  (c)  ;  purchased 
Minsteracres  about  1739;  died  at 
Stella,  loth,  buried  14th  March, 
1789  (a),  aged  85. 


of  William  Ormston  of  Hendersyde,  near  Kelso, 
and  secondly  of  Michael  Pearson  of  West  Matfen. 
Her  third  marriage  took  place  at  Ryton,  19th  Jan., 
1785  («)  ;  died  at  Wooler,  loth  December,  i8o8, 
aged  76. 


Joseph  Silvertop  of  Gateshead, 
born  2 1  St  May,  1708  (?)  ; 
apprenticed  25th  March, 
1724,  to  William  Carr  of 
Gateshead,  merchant  and 
tallow  chandler,  and  was  ad- 
mitted free  of  the  Drapers' 
Company,  3rd  June,  1731  ; 
buried  l6th  May,  1758  {d)  ; 
will  dated  17th  April,  1758, 
pr.  14th  June,  1758  (jk). 


Mary,  dau.  of  Henry 
Whittingham  of 

AVhittingham,  co. 
Lancaster.  Bond  of 
mar..  May  2nd,  1739; 
died  at  her  house 
in  Pilgrim  St.,  New- 
castle, 2gth  JuneCy); 
bur.  1st  July,  1767 
(rf)  ;  will  pr.  by  her 
two  daughters,  20th 
May,  176S  (-K). 


!  Mill 

Albert         Silvertop  Dorothy,  mar.  James  Gibson  of  Stagshaw 

of    Stella,  §    '  the  close  house  ^i,  (<•). 

younger,'         29th  Mary,  buried  23rd  September,  1777  (0- 

of   August,     1738,  Eleanor,  died  at  her  house  in  Rosemary 

afterward  of  New-  Lane,  Newcastle,  30th  June  (i)  ;  bur. 

castle,  of  the  Uni-  2nd  July,  1781  (c). 

versity  of  Leyden,  Anne,  died  unmar.  ;  buried  27th  Decem- 

and  died  31st  Oct.,  ber,  1764  (t)  ;  will  dated  19th  January, 

bur.  2nd  Nov.,  1790  1764,  pr.  1765  (nt). 

(c), aged 87, unmar.;  Jane    (query  a    nun),   died   at    Dunkirk 

will  dated  31st  Jan.,  (/i). 
1782,  pr.  1790  («). 


:i6 


THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.L    ST.    PETER. 


I 


Albert,  buried  17th       Elizabeth 
June  1746  ((/).  of  Blay 


,  mar.  15th  Jan.,  1773,  Joseph  Dunn 
don  Qi)  ;  living  1782  (m). 
± ' 


Bridget, died  17th  June,  bur.  20tli  June,  1 790 (/);  will 
dated  igth  Apr.,  1790,  pr.  13th  Nov.  following  (»i). 


Albert 
Silvertop, 
buried  in 
Ryton 
chancel, 
6th  Feb., 
1737/8  («). 


George 
Silvertop, 
buried  in 
Ryton 
chancel, 
19th  Feb., 
1746/7  («)■ 


Charles 

Silvertop, 
buried  in 
Ryton 
chancel, 
23rd  .Apr., 
1750  («). 


John    Silvertop  of    Minsteracres,  only  ^  Catherine,  dau.  of 


surviving  son  and  heir;  born  at  Stella 

1748.     Articles  before  marriage 

I2th  and  13th  June.  1772  ;  sometime 
of  Benwell-house,  Newcastle  ;  died 
26th  Dec,  1801,  aged  52  (a)  ;  seised 
of  estates  at  Minsteracres,  Ponteland 
and  Winlaton,  and  of  the  barony  of 
Bolbeck  which  he  had  purchased 
shortly  before  his  death  ;  buried  in 
Ryton  chancel,  29th  December,  1801 
(rt)  ;  will  dated  24th  January,  1801, 
proved  14th  Jan.,  1802  (»0-  II 


Henry  Lawson 
of  Brough  ;  mar. 
at  St.  George's, 
Bloomsbury,  15th 
June,  1772  (/i)  ; 
succeeded  to  the 
estates  of  Maire 
of  Lartington  in 
181 1  (f),  and  as- 
sumed the  name 
of  Maire  (^);  bur. 
31st  Oct.,  1S32, 
aged  86  (a). 


Ill 
Catherine,  bur.  in  Ryton 

chancel     2;th      Sept., 

Mary,  mar,  at  Bywell, 
1754,  to  Sir  Thomas 
Haggerston  of  Hag- 
gerston,  bart.,  and  died 
at  Reading,  14th  May, 

1773  (^)- 
Winefred,  married  John 
Wright    of    Kelvedon, 
Essex,  and  died  12th 
August,  1780  (0- 


George  Silvertop  of 
Minsteracres,  bom  at 
Benwell,  6th  Jan.,  1774 
(c)  ;  educated  at  Douay 
and  at  Old  Hall  Green, 
near  London  ;  High 
Sheriff  of  Northumber- 
land in  1831  ;  died  un- 
mar.  at  Minsteracres, 
'after  a  well-spent  life,' 
20th  Feb.,  1849;  buried 
at  Ryton,  26th  of  same 
month  (a). 


John  Henry   Thomas   Sil- 

Silvertop,      vertop,    born    28th 

born  3rd        Ma}',    1779   (Oi   of 

August,  Lartington,  county 

1777  (')  :       York,  Jure   uxoris ; 

died  9th,        whoinNov.,i8o2,by 

bur.  nth       Roy.  Lie,  assumed 

April,  thenameof  AVitham, 

1793  (")■       of    Cliffe  ;       High 

Sheriff  for  Durham, 

1844 ;     died      28th 

Nov.,    1S44. 


=:  Eliza,    dau.  Charles  Silvertop,  born  l6th  Jan.,  1781 

of  Thomas  («)  ;  apprenticed  4th  Jan.,  1798,  to 

Witham  of  Alex.   Adams  of  Newcastle,  Hoast- 

Headlam,  man  ;    afterwards   a   Captain,    14th 

andiniSo2  Light  Dragoons,  and  a  Colonel  in 

niece    and  the  Spanish  service  ;  obtained  Roy. 

heiress    of  Lie.  29th  July,  1816,  to  accept  and 

William  wear  the  Supernumerary   Cross  of 

Witham  of  the  Order  of  Charles  HI.,  which  had 

Cliffe,mar.  been  bestowed  upon  him  by  Ferdin- 

30th    Dec,  and  VU.  for  distinguished  services 

1800;  died  at   Barrosa  and   Usagre.       Died  at 

15th  Nov.,  Rennes  in  Brittany  loth  June,  1839. II 

1847.  


Mary, 

born 

31st 

Mar., 

1776 

W; 

bur. 
30th 
Aug., 
1786 


I 


Henry  John 

William 

=  Anne 

Witham  of 

Lawrence 

Maria, 

Cliffe, 

Witham, 

dau.  of 

born  17th 

born  1 8th 

Wil- 

July,   1802 
(0 ;     died 
20th  Aug., 

Sept., 
1804  W  ; 
died  s.p., 

liam 

Salvin 

of 

1835- 

Sept.  20th, 
1840. 

Crox- 
dale. 

I  I  I  I  ^  , ! . 

George  W  itham  of  Lartington,  born  Catherine 
gth   Oct.,   1805   (<■)  ;    capt.  68th       Witham, 

Light  Infantry  ;  died  unmarried,  born   9th 

8th  September,  1.S47  («).  June, 

Thomas  Edward  Witham,  born  6th       1801  (<■); 

Dec,  1S06  (e);  in  holy  orders  in  married 

the  Church  of  Rome,  afterwards  Henry 

of    Lartington,   where    he    died  Englefield. 
4th  December,  1897. 

Charles  James,  born  gth  July,  1810  4- 

(e)\  died  young  (X). 

Alfred  Oswin,  died  young. 


\     \     \      \ 

Maria,  born  Sth  September,  1803  (^)  ; 
died  young  (X). 

Emma  Seraphina  Mary,  born  24th 
May,  1809  (f)  ;  married  24th 
November,  1S41,  William  Dunn 
of  Hedgefield.  co.  Durham. 

Elizabeth  Mary,  born  32nd  October, 
181 1  (e)  ;  a  nun. 

Winefred  Mary  Anne,  born  February 
8th,  1813  (<)  ;  married  September 
23rd,  1834,  Gerard  Salvin  of 
Croxdale. 


Henry  Englefield,  died  at  Rome  22nd  December,  : 
1843,  aged  41  (0). 


:  Catherine  Witham,  born  gth  June,  1801  {e) ;    married  at 
Edinburgh  July,  1824  («). 


Hon.  Eliza  Stonor,  =  Henry  Charles  Englefield,  born  12th  Oct,  =:  Caroline  Philomena 


dau.  of  Thomas, 
3rd  Lord  Camoys; 
married  at  Stonor 
24th  Aug,  1852  ; 
died  24th  July, 
i860. 


1826,  grand  -  nephew  and  devisee  of 
George  Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  under 
the  provisions  of  whose  will  he  assumed 
the  name  and  arms  of  Silvertop. 


dau.  of  Edward 
Joseph  Weld  of 
Lulworth;  married 
2 1  St  Aug.,  1862. 


I      II      I 
Charles 

Englefield. 
Louis. 
Joseph. 
Lawrence. 


I      I     I      I 
Seraphine. 
Mary. 
Agnes,  mar. 

Corrie. 
Philomena. 


I 


Arthur  Edward  Silvertop,  Henrietta      \'iolet 

lieutenant    R.N.,    born  Mary.         Mary. 

29th  Nov.,  1877. 


Mabel  Frances,  married  at  Brompton  Oratory 
nth  July,  1901,  Lieut.-Col.  Gilbert 
Heathcote. 


ESPERSHIELDS    TOWNSHIP.  217 


I 


Henry  Thomas  Silvertop  of  Minster-  =  Rachel  Mary  Josephine,  dan.  George  Edward  Silvertop,  born  25th     Agnes  Mary, 

nrres.  snn  and  heir,  born  ivth  Oct..            of  Alexander  McDonnell  of  March,    1856,   in    holy    orders    of         a  nun. 

Kilmore,  co.  Antrim  ;  mar.  the    Church    of    Rome,    in     igoo 

19th  June,  1882.  stationed  at  Long  Horsley. 


acres,  son  and  heir,  born  17th  Oct. 
1853;  died  17th  Dec,  1893,  bur. 
at  Minsteracres  ;  will  dated  3rd 
May,  1S92. 


I  I      I      I      I 

Francis  Somerled  Silvertop,  son  and  heir  ;  William  Alexander,  born  loth  December,  1884. 

now   of   Minsteracres   and    Lartington  ;  Charles  Randal,  born  22nd  .\pril,  iSSg. 

born  1st  August,  1883.  Margaret  Mary.                Elise  Mary. 

t  In  i7i7William  Silvertop  was  tenant  of  Lady  Mary  Radcliffe's  lands  at  BIyth  ]>iook.— Register  of  Ruman  Catholic 
Estates. 

t  This  is  the  third  time  this  lady  has  been  before  the  altar  in  the  character  of  a  bride,  and  there  has  been  some- 
thing  remarkable  on  each  of  her  three  connubial  engagements.  Her  first  husband  was  a  Quaker,  her  second  husband  a 
Protestant  of  the  Established  Church,  and  her  third  a  Roman  Catholic.  Every  husband  was  twice  her  age,  at  sixteen 
she  married  a  gentleman  of  thirty-two,  at  thirty  she  took  one  of  sixty,  and  now  at  forty  she  is  united  to  a  gentleman  of 
^\^Ky-iom.— Gentleman  5  Magazine,  February,  1785.  (Her  portrait  in  oils  is  now  (igoo)  with  Mrs.  Selby  of  Earle, 
near  Wooler.) 

§  At  Rosemary  Lane,  Newcastle,  aged  87,  Mr.  Albert  Silvertop,  uncle  to  John  Silvertop,  esq.,  of  Minsteracres. 
As  a  young  man  he  studied  under  the  great  Boerhaave,  and  by  his  direction  took  an  emetic  which  deprived  him  of  the 
use  of  his  "eyes,  which   he  was  never  able  to  recover. — Newcastle  Papers,  November,  1790. 

II  1839,  June  loth,  at  Rennes  in  Brittany,  after  a  short  illness  of  inflammation  of  the  lungs.  Colonel  Charles 
Silvertop,  Kn'ight  of  the  Order  of  Charles  the  Third,  late  captain  in  Her  Majesty's  regiment,  the  14th  Light  Dragoons; 
author  of  Tracts  on  the  Geology  of  the  South  of  Spain  ;  and  third  and  youngest  son  of  the  late  John  Silvertop  of  Minster- 
acres, Esq. — Newcastle  Papers,  22nd  June,  1839. 

(«)  Rvton  Register.  (/)  Newcastle  Courant,  4th  July,  1767.       (^)    MS.  pedigree  by  Mr.  Surtees. 

(J,)  Durham  Proliate  Regutrv.  (^)   /iirf.,  22nd  May,  1773.  (/)    Bell  Collection. 

(cS   Register  of  St.  John,  N.C.  (h)    «!fl'.,  20th  June,  1772.  («;)  Sharp,  7"«/.  Z>««f/m. 

(^d)  Gateshead  Register.  0)    //5«V.,  7th  July,  1781.  («)    Newcastle  Papers,  3rd  Aug.,  1824. 

(c)    Surtees  Durham,  vol.  i.  p.  52.  O')  ^^"^-^  5'h  June,  1756.  (u)    Ibid.,  20th  January,  1844. 

Evidences  to  Silvertop  Pedigree. 

1722,  March  27th.  Will  of  William  Silvertop  of  [illegible]  :  I  appoint  my  brothers  Albert  Silvertop  and 
Joseph  Dunn  to  act  as  trustees  for  the  bringing  up  of  my  childer  and  further  to  allow  my  eldest  son  a  full  share  in 
proportion  to  the  rest  of  my  childer.  My  trustees  to  dispose  of  my  farms,  houses,  household  goods  and  chattels,  and 
to  take  care  to  discharge  every  body  I  owe  as  far  as  my  effects  will  realize.     Proved  1722.     Durham  Probate  Registry. 

1750,  October  20th.  Will  of  Mary  Silvertop  of  Newcastle,  widow  :  My  seven  children,  George,  Joseph,  Albert, 
Dorothy,  wife  of  James  Gibson  of  Stagshaw-house,  Mary,  Elinor,  and  Anne.  My  son  Albert  sole  executor.  Proved 
October  Ilth,  1757.     Sharp,  Test.  Dunelm. 

1757,  July  i6th.     Will  of  John  Silvertop  of  '  Deary '  house,  Earsdon,  yeoman  :    My  two  granddaughters.     Ibid. 

1758,  April  17th.  Will  of  Joseph  Silvertop  of  Gateshead,  merchant :  My  brother,  George  Silvertop  of  Stella, 
esq.  ;  my  wife  Mary  Silvertop  ;  my  daughters,  Bridget  and  Elizabeth  ;  my  sisters,  Mary,  Helen,  and  Jane  ; 
my  brother  Albert  ;  Bridget,  wife  of  my  brother  George  Silvertop,  and  their  son  John  ;  William  Clavering  and 
Catherine,  his  wife.     Proved  June  14th,  1758.     Ibid. 

1782,  January  31st.  Will  of  Albert  Silvertop  of  Newcastle:  My  nephew  George  Gibson  of  Corbridge  ;  my 
niece,  Elizabeth  wife  of  Joseph  Dunn,  and  her  sister,  Bridget  Silvertop  ;  to  Mary  Ratcliff,  i'lo  ;  to  Mrs.  Mary  Stuart 
of  Edinburgh,  /5  ;  my  nephew  George  Dunn.  Residue  to  my  nephew  John  Silvertop  of  Benwell-house,  esq. 
Proved  April  i6th,  1790.     Had. 

1790,  April  19th.  Will  of  Bridget  Silvertop  of  Newcastle,  spinster  :  To  the  younger  children  of  the  late  Mr. 
George  Gibson,  ;f  200  ;  to  Catherine  Witham,  spinster  ;  Dorothy  Selby,  spinster  ;  and  Mary  Wilkinson  ;  my  brother 
Joseph  Dunn  ;  my  nephew  George  Dunn  ;  George  Silvertop  of  Minsteracres.      Proved  November  13th,  1790.     Ibid. 

1801,  January  24th.  Will  of  John  Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  esq. :  I  give  my  barony,  manors,  lordships,  etc.,  to 
Sir  John  Lawson  of  Brough,  bart.,  Henry  Maire  of  Lartington,  esq.,  and  John  Wright  of  Kelvedon  hall,  Essex, 
esq.,  in  trust  to  pay  my  wife  Catherine  Silvertop,  .^400  per  annum.  Settlement  on  George  Silvertop  my  son  and  heir 
and  his  heirs  male,  remainder  to  my  son  Henry  in  tail  male,  remainder  to  my  son  Charles  in  tail  male,  etc.  The 
indenture  made  June  12th  and  13th,  1772,  between  my  father  George  Silvertop,  esq.,  and  me,  being  the  settlement  on 
my  marriage.  I  have  already  provided  for  my  son  Henry  on  his  marriage,  December  30th  last.  I  give  ;f6,ooo  to  my 
son  John.     Ibid. 

Vol.  VL  28 


2l8  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    PETER. 

Being  thus  extensively  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  having 
shDitly  before  his  death  in  iSoi  purchased  the  manorial  rights  of  the  barony 
of  Bolbec  and  a  large  estate  at  Ponteland,  a  private  Act  of  Parliament ' 
was  obtained  in  1802  to  sell  the  Ponteland  and  Winlaton  estates  for  the 
payment  of  his  debts,  which  amounted  to  over  ^^57,000,  and  to  defray 
the  legacies  and  annuities  given  by  his  will.  The  Minsteracres  estate, 
comprising  Unthank,  Crooked-oak,  Cronkley,  Newfield,  and  Millshields, 
was  stated  to  contain  an  area  of  over  two  thousand  acres  with  an 
annual  rental  of  ;^i,i6o,  besides  a  hundred  acres  of  woodlands  worth  ;^40 
per  acre. 

Of  the  greatly  respected  George  Silvertop,  the  son  and  heir  of  John 
Silvertop,  and  one  of  the  leading  men  of  the  district,  a  true  gentleman  of 
a  school  now  extinct,  an  admirable  biographical  sketch  may  be  found  in  Mr. 
Richard  Welford's  Men  of  Mark  ' twixt  Tyne  and  Tweed.  Born  at  Benwell 
house  on  6th  January,  1775,  he  was  educated  at  Douay  and  at  Old  Hall 
Green,  near  London  ;  he  succeeded  his  father  in  1801,  but  seems  to  have 
gradually  withdrawn  in  a  large  measure  from  the  commercial  undertakings  of 
the  family.  When  travelling  on  the  continent  in  18 14,  he  visited  Napoleon, 
then  interned  at  Elba.  Shortly  afterwards,  he  was  selected  by  Lord  Liverpool 
to  be  the  medium  of  unofficial  communications  between  Great  Britain  and 
the  Roman  See  in  matters  affecting  the  condition  of  Roman  Catholics.  In 
the  year  following  the  passing  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Relief  Act  of  1829,  he 
was  appointed  Sheriff  of  Northumberland,  the  first  member  of  his  church 
who  had  occupied  that  ancient  office  since  the  reign  of  William  and  Mary." 
He  was  solicited,  but  declined,  to  become  a  candidate  for  election  as  knight 
of  the  shire,  and  died  unmarried  at  Minsteracres  after  a  well-spent  life, 
February  20th,  1849. 

The  mansion  house  at  Minsteracres  was  apparently  built  on  a  new  site 
by  John  Silvertop  in  the  second  half  of  the  eighteenth  century.  It  is  within 
the  800  feet  contour  line,  is  protected  by  extensive  plantations  of  well 
grown    forest    trees    and    rare    ornamental    timber,   and    approached    by   an 

'  42  Geo.  III.  (1801-1802)  cap.  68.  Act  for  vesting  the  settled  estates  of  George  Silvertop,  esq.,  in 
Pont  Island  and  Winlaton  in  trustees  to  be  sold,  and  for  applying  the  money  to  pay  the  debts  and 
legacies  of  John  Silvertop,  esq.,  deceased  ;  for  annexing  the  rectory  and  tythes  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  held 
by  lease  for  twenty-one  years,  to  the  uses  of  the  will  of  John  Silvertop,  and  for  vesting  in  the  said  George 
Silvertop  several  shares  in  the  collieries  of  Stella,  Kyofield,  Chopuell,  and  parish  of  Ryton,  heretofore 
belonging  to  the  said  John  Silvertop,  and  for  enabling  the  said  George  Silvertop  to  charge  the  estates 
with  ^5,000  and  for  vesting  his  estate  of  Minsteracres  in  trustees  to  certain  uses. 

''  Cf.  Memoir  in  the  Gateshead  Observer,  24th  February,  1849. 


ESPERSHIELDS   TOWNSHIP.  219 

avenue  of  large  and  healthy  Wellingtonias ;  there  are  some  very  picturesque 
old  oaks  scattered  to  the  north  of  the  house.  It  was  enlarged  in  1867 
and  contains  many  treasures  of  art  in  painting,  sculpture,  carving,  and 
tapestry.  In  the  gardens  are  three  uninscribed  Roman  altars,  brought 
from  Ebchester.  Connected  with  the  house  by  a  covered  passage  or 
cloister  is  a  chapel  of  which  the  foundation  stone  was  laid  September 
13th,  1852,  to  replace  an  oratory.  It  is  dedicated  to  St.  Elizabeth  and 
contains  a  vault  in  which  are  deposited  the  remains  of  members  of-  the 
family  who  have  died  since  the  erection  of  the  chapel. 

Two  tenements  at  Wennaince-hill,  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  John 
Swinburne,  attainted,  were  granted  to  Sir  John  Forster,  knight,  on  June  17th, 
1574,  on  a  twenty-one  years'  lease  ;  one  of  them  comprised  15  acres  and  was 
in  the  tenure  of  John  Wilkinson,  the  other  comprised  48  acres  and  was  in 
the  tenure  of  George  and  John  Armstrong.  This  lease  was  subsequently 
surrendered  for  a  new  lease  granted  on  June  26th,  1594,  for  a  similar  term. 
It  was  covenanted  that  the  tenant  should  serve  in  the  northern  parts  when 
need  should  arise,  either  by  himself  or  by  sufficient  able  men  with  horse  and 
warlike  apparel  ;  he  was  also  at  his  own  charges  to  dig  and  make  dikes 
and  quickset  hedges  round  the  premises,  according  to  directions  to  be  given 
him  from  time  to  time  by  the  steward  of  the  court  [i.e.,  of  Bywell)  or 
other  lawful  authority.'  John  Wilkinson's  tenement  at  Wennance-hill, 
containing  about  15  acres  and  of  the  yearly  rent  of  20s.,  was  granted 
with  other  places  to  George  Salter  of  the  parish  of  St.  Dunstan,  and  John 
Williams  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter  le  Poore  on  September  27th,  1610, 
to  be  held  of  the  king  as  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich  by  fealty  in 
free  and  common  socage.' 

Under  the  style  of  Windshill,  this  place  was  rated  to  George  Wilkinson 
in  1663  at  ^6  per  annum;  subsequently  it  was  acquired  by  the  Claverings' 
of  Axwell  and  Greencroft.  Under  the  provisions  of  the  will  of  George 
Clavering  of  Greencroft,  dated  1793,  and  of  the  will  of  Sir  Thomas  Clavering 
of  Axwell,  dated  1794,  Winnowshill  and  other  estates  ultimately  devolved 
upon  Sir  William  Aloysius  Clavering  as  heir  in  tail,  who  in  1854  executed  a 
deed  of  disentailer.  The  estate,  which  comprises  over  900  acres,  was  sold 
in  1899  by  the  daughters  and  co-heiresses  of  Sir  Henry  Clavering,  the  last 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  36  Elizabeth,  pt.  9.  -  Pnt.  Rolls,  S  James  I.  pt.  39. 

'  In  1748  Thomas  Clavering  of  Newcastle  voted  in  respect  of  lands  at  Winnowshill.     Poll  Book. 


220 


THK    PARISH    OF    BYWELI.    ST.    PETER. 


baronet  of  his  line,  and  by  ihcir  representatives  to  Mrs.  Adam  Little,  then  of 
Mousen,  near  Belford,  whose  husband'  was  formerly  tenant  of  the  farm. 

A  plot  of  ground 
obtained  from  the 
Claverings  to  provide 
a  burial  ground"  is 
one  of  the  few  rem- 
nants of  the  Society  of 
Friends  on  Derwent- 
side.  George  Fox 
travelled  through  the 
district  in  1653,  and 
notes  in  his  Jojirnal 
that  he  came  from 
Anthony  Pearson's 
(a  justice  who  had 
joined  the  Friends), 
who  lived  near  West 
Auckland,  by 'Darren 
water,'  and  had  great 
meetings  on  the  way 
and  at  Hexham.  In  the  Records  of  the  Society  there  are  reports  of  the 
attendance  of  representatives  from  the  Derwent-side  meeting  for  many  years, 
but  during  the  nineteenth  century  the  meeting  at  Winnowshill  ceased  to  be 
held,  and  Quakerism  died  out  there.'  The  care  of  the  graveyard  was  taken 
over  from  the  Cumberland  Friends  by  those  at  Newcastle  in  iS/b,''  who 
pay  an  annual  rent  of  ids.  for  it. 

'  Mr.  Adam  Little  is  a  son  of  the  late  Mr.  Robert  Little  of  Harewood-shield,  in  Hexhamshire,  by  his 
wife,  the  late  Jane  Davidson  Little,  who  was  a  daughter  of  Richard  Davidson  of  Swinnie,  near  Jedburgh. 
Richard  Little's  brother,  John  Davidson  of  Hyndlee,  an  extensive  sheep  farmer  on  the  Scottish  Border, 
was  the  prototype  of  Sir  Walter  Scott's  '  Dandie  Dinmont '  in  Gin'  Mannering.    Ex  inf.  Mr.  L.  C.  Lockhart. 

-  The  Register  of  the  Society  of  Friends  shows  that  fifty-tiiiee  persons  were  buried  at  Winnowshill 
between  the  years  1718  and  1877.  The  list  comprises  persons  named  Beck,  Blenk,  Bewment,  Brambles, 
Crozier,  Dickinson,  Foster,  Hutchinson,  Keenlyside,  Lee,  Makepiece,  March,  Nixon,  Taylor,  Watson, 
Westgarth,  and  Wilkinson. 

^  1776,  29th,  5th  month :  'As  Friends  of  Darwent  are  now  deprived  of  their  usual  meeting  house,  this 
meeting  have  petitioned  Thomas  Clavering  for  liberty  to  have  some  suitable  convenience  at  VVinnishill. 
Anthony  Watson  and  Joseph  Watson  are  here  desired  to  wait  upon  him  in  order  to  treat  with  him  for 
the  same.'  1776,  27th,  6th  month:  'Anthony  Watson  and  Josepli  Watson  reported  here  that  they  had 
waited  on  Thomas  Clavering  relating  to  a  place  for  a  meeting  house  at  Winnoshill,  and  he  appeared  to 
be  willing  to  forward  Friends  with  everything  in  his  power,'  etc. 

Extracted  from  the  minute  books  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  and  communicated  b\-  Mr.  David 
Richardson.     The  Winnowshill  meeting  was  discontinued  in  1823,  there  being  onlv  one  member  left. 

•£;i:jh/.  Mr.  J.  W.  Steel. 


BARONY    OF    BOI.BEC.  221 


PARISH  OF  BYWELL  ST.  ANDREW. 


BARONY   OF   BOLBEC. 

On  June  5th,  106 1,  in  the  presence  of  an  assembly  of  bishops  and 
magnates  gathered  together  at  Lillebonne,  Hugh  de  Bolbec,  Roger  Porchet, 
Walter  Fifeland,  William  Duncins,  and  Adam  de  Raphetot,  all  of  them 
having  rights  in  the  place,  granted  the  church  of  Bolbec,  now  in  the 
Department  of  Seine  Inferieure,  with  the  tithes  of  the  mills  and  sheep- 
walks  of  Bolbec,  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of  Bernay.'  This  place  in 
Normandy  was  the  cradle  of  the  race  of  the  Norman  knight  upon  whom 
Henry  I.  conferred  one  of  the  baronies  which,  by  the  policy  of  the  Crown, 
were  created  out  of  the  wide  lands  that  had  once  belonged  to  the  official 
earldom  of  Northumberland.  The  barony  so  created,  although  sometimes 
designated  by  its  ancient  Anglian  name  of  Styford,  is  more  generally 
known  under  the  description  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec.  It  comprised 
the  home  manors  or  vills  of  Bearl,  Broomhaugh  (with  Riding  and  Lee), 
Shotley  (with  Blanchland  and  Newbiggin),  Slaley,  Styford,  and  a  moiety 
of  Bywell  ;  and  also  the  widely  separated  manors  of  Heddon-on-the-Wall, 
East  Heddon,  West  Heddon,  Houghton,  Whitchester,  Eachwick,  Benwell, 
Fenwick,  Hawkwell,  East  Matfen,  Angerton,  Middleton  Morel,  South 
Middleton,  Harnham,  Shafto,  Cambo,  Kirk-harle,  Hartington,  Hawick, 
Rothley,  Wallington,  Thornton,  Newton  grange,  and  Brunton.'  The  home 
manors,  vills  or  townships  of  Bearl,  Blanchland,  Broomhaugh,  Nev/biggin, 
Riding,  Shotley,  Styford,  and  a  moiety  of  Bywell  were,  for  ecclesiastical 
purposes,  grouped  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  which  also  includes 
the  township  of  Stocksfield  in  the  barony  of  Baliol.  From  ancient  times 
Slaley  has  formed  a  parochial  chapelry  appurtenant  to  St.  Andrew's  parish. 

'  Archives  of  the  Department  of  Eure  ;  Cal.  of  Doc.  Pres.  in  France:  ].  H.  Round,  vol.  i.  p.  137. 
Mr.  Round,  in  his  article  on  'The  Companions  of  the  Conqueror'  {Monthly  Revieii.:,  June,  1901,  p.  98), 
writes  that  the  'Norman  home'  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec  'was  at  Bolbec,  a  village  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Seine,  from  which  Hugh's  descendants,  the  earls  of  Oxford,  assumed  a  peerage  title.'  For  an  account 
of  the  family  of  Bolbec  of  Buckinghamshire,  see  Dugdale,  Baronage,  vol.  i.  p.  451. 

-■  Testa  iie  NcviU,  p.  382. 


222  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

The  Rev.  John  Hodgson,'  following  Dugdale,  states  that  the  christian 
name  of  the  person  npon  whom  the  barony  was  conferred  was  Hugh  ;  but 
in  all  probability  his  name  was  Walter.  The  evidence  is  scanty,  being 
confined  chiefly  to  entries  in  the  Durham  Liber  Vtiae,  extended  by  notices 
in  a  roll  which  contains  the  obits  of  Newminster  abbey.  In  the  first  of 
these  authorities  occur  the  names  of  Walter  de  Bolbec  H.  and  Sibilla 
his  wife;  of  his  father  Walter  de  Bolbec  I.  and  his  mother  Helvwis;  of  his 
brother  Hugh  de  Bolbec ;  and  of  his  sons  Walter  de  Bolbec  HI.  and  Hugh 
de  Bolbec."  Walter  de  Bolbec  H.  confirmed  the  grant  of  Newton  grange, 
made  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of  Newminster  bv  James  de  Bolum,'  and 
was  dead  before  1165,  when,  for  his  soul  and  for  those  of  his  ancestors, 
Walter  de  Bolbec  HI.  founded  the  abbev  of  Blanchland  ;  the  foundation 
charter  was  attested  by  his  mother  Sibilla,  and  his  brother  Hugh.'  It  was 
probably  Walter  de  Bolbec  III.  who  granted  to  the  prior  and  convent  of 
Brinkburn  half  a  marc  per  annum,  to  be  paid  out  of  the  mill  at  Harle,*  and 
who  gi-anted  the  hermitage  of  IMerchenley  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of 
Kelso.'^  He  was  living  about  the  year  1166,  when  he  certified  Henry  II. 
that  he  held  his  barony  by  the  service  of  four  and  a  half  knight's  fees  of 
ancient  feoffment.' 

Later  in  the  century  Walter  de  Bolbec  III.  granted  the  manors  and 
vills  of  Matfen,  Fenwick,  Thornton,  Angerton,  Heddon  and  Brunton  to 
William  de  Insula  (de  Lisle),  who  is  described  as  his  'man.'*  Walter  died 
without   issue,  and  was  succeeded  by  his   brother,   Hugh  de    Bolbec  I.,  of 

'  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  239. 

'  Walterus  de  Bolebech  |  Sibilla  uxor  ejus  j  Walterus  de  Bolebech  pater  ejus  |  Helvwis  mater  ejus  | 
Hugo  de  Boleb'  frater  ejus  |  Walt'  et  Hugo  fil'  ejus.     Liber  Vitac  Dunelm.;  Stevenson,  p.   loi.     Surt. 
Soc.  No.  13. 

'Newminster  Chartulary,  Fowler,  pp.  300,  301.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  66. 

'  Dugdale,  Monasticon  (ed.  Caley),  vol.  vi.  p.  886. 

'  brinkburn  Chartulary,  Page,  p.  186.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  90. 

'Liber  de  Calchou,  vol.  i.  pp.  219,  222.     Ballatyne  Club. 

'  Liber  Niger  Scaccarii  ;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  302.  The  Testa  de  Nevill 
(p.  382)  says  the  barony  was  held  by  the  service  oifive  knight's  fees. 

'  Walterus  de  Bolebeck .  .  .  omnibus  probis  hominibus  et  amicis  suis  Francis  et  .•\nglis  salutem.  Notum 
sit  vobis  omnibus  me  reddidisse  et  concessisse  atque  hac  carta  mea  confirmasse  in  feodo  et  hereditate 
Willelmo  de  Insula  homini  meo  et  heredibus  suis  ad  tenendam  de  me  et  heredibus  meis  terram  illam 
quam  pater  mens  pro  servitio  suo  donavit  ei,  scilicet  Mattfen,  Fenwick,  Thorntune,  .'Angerton,  Hideuine, 
Burntune,  per  rectas  divisas  in  bosco  et  prato  cum  saca  et  soca  etc.  Praeterea  sciant  omnes  me  postea 
dedisse  huic  Willelmo  militi  servitium  Ernaldi  filii  .A.delini,  cum  Haucwelle  et  Berehill,  etc.  Test. 
Ricardo  priore  de  Hextildesham  [died  before  11 78],  Jacobo  de  Bolum,  Gillelmo  filio  suo,  Roberto 
de  Grai,  et  Roberto  filio  suo,  Roberto  de  Bilestre  et  .^da  filio  suo.  Ex  cartis  Roberti  Lyell  de 
Felton  arm.     Dodsworth  MSS.  Ixviii.  folio  176,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'X,'  p.  222. 


BARONY    OF    BOLBEC.  223 

whom  little  is  known  except  that  he  married  Margery  de  Muntfichet,  who, 
ultimately,  was  co-heiress  of  the  estates  of  her  brother,  Richard  de 
Muntfichet/  Hugh  de  Bolbec  I.  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son,  Walter 
de  Bolbec  IV.,  who,  dying  in  his  minority,  was  followed  by  Hugh  de 
Bolbec  n.,  a  man  of  great  power  and  position  on  the  borders  in  the 
earlier  half  of  the  thirteenth  century. 

On  May  loth,  1222,  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland  was  ordered  to  take 
with  him  Hugh  de  Bolbec,  the  bishop  of  Durham,  Richard  de  UmframVill, 
Roger  de  Merley,  and  other  discreet  and  loyal  knights  of  the  shire  as 
he  should  see  fit,  and  proceed  to  '  Witelawe,'  on  the  marches  between 
England  and  Scotland,  to  investigate  a  complaint  made  by  Robert  de  Ros 
and  the  prior  of  Kirkham  of  a  purpresture  or  encroachment  made  upon 
England."  About  the  13th  of  October  following,  Hugh  de  Bolbec  wrote  to 
the  king  that  he  with  others  had  met  the  Scottish  Commissioners  at 
Revedene-burn  (Ridingburn),  in  order  to  make  a  perambulation  between 
Carham  and  Hawden,  but  that  no  agreement  had  been  come  to.'^  Hugh 
de  Bolbec  was  sheriff  of  the  county  in  1220,  in  1236,''  and  apparently  again 
in  1241.^  He  was  appointed  one  of  the  justices  for  an  assize  of  novel 
disseisin  to  be  held  in  Newcastle,  at  Easter,  1229;®  in  1236  he  was 
'  custos '  of  the  king  of  Scotland's  lands  in  Tyndale,'  and  in  the  same 
year  he  was  one  of  the  northern  lords  appointed  to  receive  Alexander, 
king  of  Scotland,  and  to  accompanv  him  to  York,  where  he  was  to  meet 
Henry  HI.,  to  discuss  terms  of  peace.'*  On  March  28th,  1258,  he  was 
summoned  to  meet  the  king  at  Chester,  not  later  than  a  week  before 
Midsummer,  to  take  part  in  an  expedition  into  Wales. ° 

'  Inq.p.m.  Ricardi  de  Munfichet,  51  Hen.  III.  No.  46.     Inq.  p.m.  Avelinae  quae  fuit  uxor  Edmundi 
fratris  regis,  3  Edw.  I.  No.  31.     Calendiwiuin  Gencalogicuin,  pp.  127,  224. 

'  Close  Rolls,  6  Hen.  HI.  pt.  i.  memb.  1 1.     Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.,  Bain,  vol.  i.  p.  147. 

'  Royal  Letters,  No.  858;  Royal  and  other  Hist.  Letters,  Shirley,  vol.  i.  p.  186,  Rolls  series. 

■'  P.R.O.  Lists  and  Indexes,  No.  i.x.     Lists  of  Sheriffs,  etc.,  p.  97. 

'  Britikbiiru  Chartulary,  Page,  p.  116;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  go. 

"  Pat.  Rolls,  13  Hen.  III.  m.  10  dorso.     Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  190. 

'  Pipe  Rolls,  21  Hen.  III.  rot.  i.  dorso.     Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  237. 

"  Close  Rolls,  21  Hen.  III.  memb.  4  dorso.     Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  245. 

•'  Close  Rolls,  42  Hen.  III.  memb.  10,  dorso.     Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  412. 


!24 


THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 


BOLBEC. 

Arms  :    IVr/  a  lion   rampant  argent. 
Hugh  de  Bolbec  of  Bolbec  in  Normandy,  livin<j  51I1  June,  1061. 
AValter  de  Bolbec  I., '  pater  ejus,'  Liber  Vitae  (rt);  [upon  =  Helvwis, '  mater  ejus,' 


whom   Henry  I.  (1100-1135)  conferred  the  barony 
of  Bolbec]. 


Liher  Vitae  {a). 


Walter  de  Bolbec  H.,  named  in  the  Liher  Vitae  - 

(a)  ;  for  whose  soul  his  son  Walter  gave  the 
church  of  Heddon  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of 
Blanchland  ;  he  and  his  son  Walter  confirmed 
Newton  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of  Newminster 
(//)  ;  he  also  gave  a  rent  charge  to  the  prior  and 
convent  of  Brinkburn  (/;). 


:Sibilla  .  .  .  , 'uxor  ejus,' /»■<«• 
Vitae  (3)  ;  called  '  domina 
mea  et  matre '  in  her 
son's  foundation  charter  of 
Blanchland;    living    1 165 

(0- 


Hugh  de  Bolbec  'frater  ejus,'  Liher  Vitae  (a). 


I 
Walter  de    Bolbec    HI.,    '  filius   ejus,'    Liher 
Vitae  («)  ;  the  founder  of  Blanchland  abbey 
in  1 165  (c). 


Hugh  de  Bolbec  I., '  filius  ejus,'  Liher  ■. 
J'itae  (a);  a  witness  to  his  brother's 
charter  to  Blanchland. 


Margery,  dau.  of  Richard  de  Mun- 
fichet  and  sister  and  co-heir  of 
Richard  de  Munfichet  (/(). 


I 


Walter  de  Bolbec  IV., 
survived  his  father 
and  died  in  his 
minority  («). 


Hugh  de   Bolbec   II.,   lord   of   the  barony  of  ^  Theophania  ,'dominus  Hugh   de  Bol- 


Bolbec,    sheriff  of    Northumberland,    1 221, 
1236  Qg),  and  1241  (/;)  ;  died  circa  1262  Qe). 


bee,  Theophania,  uxor  ejus,'  Ohits  of  New- 
minster (a)  ;  living  at  Angerton  with  her 
daughter  Maud  7th  Nov.,  1262  («). 


Walter  de  Bolbec,  son  and  heir,  married  at  =  Mary,  a/ias  Margaret,  daughter 
Morpeth,  6th  Febraary,  1253,  and  at  the  and      co-heir     of     Roger     de 

church  door  endowed  his  wife  with  lands  Merley,  born  about  1236  ;    re- 

at    Doddington   and    Nesbit  ;    died   s./>.  married  before  1256  to  William 

before  1256  (rf).  de  Greystoke. 


Hugh  de  Bolbec,  who  confirmed 
to  the  abbot  and  convent  of 
Newminster  the  gnint  of 
Rothly(a);  died  in  his  father's 
lifetime. 


Philippa,  eldest  dau.  and  co-heir  ; 
married  Roger  de  Lancaster, 
and  was  23  years  of  age  at 
the  date  of  her  father's  inquisi- 
tion (c) ;  she  died  about 
1294   (/).  4, 


Margery,  second  dau.  and  co-heir  ; 
mar.  1st  Nicholas  Corbet  of  Stanton, 
and  was  21  years  of  age  at  the  tak- 
ing of  her  father's  inquisition  (f)  ; 
he  died  before  the  year  1282,  in 
which  year  she  remar.  Ralph  fitz 
William  de  Greystoke.  ^, 


I 
Alice,  third  dau.  and  co- 
heir ;  married  Walter 
de  Huntercomb,  and 
was  17  years  of  age  at 
the  taking  of  her 
father's  inquisition(«); 
died  s.p. 


Maud,  fourth  dau.  and 
co-heir  ;  unmarried 
7th  Nov.,  T  262,  aged 
13  years  (;)  ;  mar. 
1st  Robert  Beumys, 
and  2nd  Hugh  f)e- 
laval  ;  died  s./>. 


(a)  Durham  Liher   Vitae,  Stevenson,  p.   loi  ;  Sun.  Soc. 

No.  13. 
(16)  Newminster  Chartulary,  Fowler,   p.   301  ;  Surt.  Soc. 

No.  66. 
(c)  Dugdale,  Monasticon,  ed.  Caley,  vol.  vi.  p.  886. 
{d)  Northumberland  Assise  Roll,  4  Hen.  II.,  Page,  pp.  55, 

56,  40S  ;   Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 
(<r)  Inq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolebek,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25. 

Writ  dated  23rd  October,    1262  ;   extent  of  lands 

taken  7th  November  of  same  year. 
(/)  Inq.    p.m.     Philippae    uxoris    Rog.    de    Lancaster, 

22  Hdw.  I.  No.  25. 


(,?•)  Lists  of  Sheriffs  for  England  and  Wales;  P.R.O. 
Lists  and  Indexes,  No.  ix. 

(^)  Brinkhurn  Chartulary,  Page,  pp.  1 16,  186  ;  Surt.  Soc. 
No.  go. 

(X)  This  marriage  is  proved  by  Inq.  p.m.  Avelinae  quae 
fuit  uxor  Edmundi  fratris  regis,  3  Edw.  I,  No. 
31  ;  by  which  the  four  daughters  of  Hugh  de 
Bolbec  were  found  co-heirs  of  their  second 
cousin  .\velina  de  Fortibus,  wife  of  Edmund,  earl 
of  Lancaster,  the  king's  brother.— Crt/.  Gen.  vol.  i. 
pp.  127,  224. 


BARONY    OF    BOLBEC.  225 

Hugh  de  Bolbec  II.'  had  issue  two  sons  and  four  daughters.  His 
eldest  son  Walter  was  married  at  Morpeth,  on  February  6th,  1253,  to  Mary 
or  Margaret,  daughter  of  Roger  de  Merley,'  but  died  soon  afterwards. 
His  young  widow  was  re-married  in  or  before  1256  to  William  de  Grey- 
stoke,  when  she  released  to  her  father-in-law  the  lands  at  Doddintrton  and 
Nesbit,  with  which  her  first  husband  had  endowed  her  at  the  church  door  on 
the  day  of  their  marriage.'  The  second  son  Hugh,  who  confirmed  to  the 
abbot  and  convent  of  Newminster  the  grant  of  Rothley,  made  by  his  father 
and  mother,  also  died  in  his  father's  lifetime.* 

Hugh  de  Bolbec  II.  died  in  1262,  in  which  year,  on  the  Tuesday  after 
Martinmas,  an  inquisition  was  taken  at  Styford  before  the  escheator  of 
Northumberland,  when  it  was  found  that  at  the  time  of  his  death  he  was 
seised,  with  other  estates,  of  the  following  demesne  lands  at  Stvford,  viz. : 
four  carucates,  each  of  which  comprised  105  acres,  worth  6d.  an  acre;  20 
acres  of  meadow,  worth  I2d.  an  acre,  or  ^11  los.  in  all;  the  courtyard 
{curtilagiimi)  and  garden  were  worth  I2d. ;  the  pannage  in  ordinary  years, 
5s. ;  profit  of  charcoal  {appniamcntum  carboniun)  in  the  woods  of  Styford, 
6s.  8d. ;  offerings  in  the  chapel  of  Styford,  in  ordinary  years,  I2d.  The  mill 
was  worth  10  marks;  the  perquisites  of  the  court  for  the  whole  barony,  40s. ; 
and  from  the  sale  of  timber  felled  in  Styford  woods  in  ordinary  years  there 
accrued  20s.;  the  sum,  ;^2i  lys.^  His  sons  having  died  in  his  lifetime, 
his  four  daughters,  Philippa,  wife  of  Roger  de  Lancaster,  Margery,  wife 
of   Nicholas  Corbet,   Alice,   wife   of  Walter    de    Huntercomb,    and    Maud, 

'  Hugh  de  Bolbec  also  granted  to  the  master  and  brethren  of  Kepier  Hospital,  near  Durham,  certain 
pasture  lands  within  the  manor  of  Styford  called  Le  Tung  and  Enelishop,  which  in  1332  were  worth  five 
marcs  a  year.  Cal.  Close  Rolls,  6  Ed.  III.  memb.  23,  p.  46S.  In  1358  these  lands  which  were  then  called 
Le  Tunge  and  Eveleshop  were  in  the  possession  of  William  Legal,  the  master  of  the  hospital.  Abbi-. 
Rot.  Urig.  32  Edw.  III.  ro.  10,  \ol.  ii.  p.  249  ;  cf.  Mtiuoyiah  of  St.  Giles',  Durham,  Barmby,  p.  201.  Surt. 
See.  No.  95. 

-'  Northtnnberlami  Assize  Roll,  4  Hen.  II.  Page,  p.  55  ;  .Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 

'  Ibid.  pp.  56,  408.  '  Neici}iinster  Chaiiiiliuy,  Fowler,  p.  301 ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  66. 

^  Inq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolbek,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25.  [The  particulars  recorded  in  the  inquisition 
concerning  the  various  vills  will  be  given  under  their  respective  heads.]  The  free  men  who  hold  in 
fee  by  knight's  service  in  the  barony  of  Bolebek  :  Richard  de  Gosbek  and  Thomas  de  Bekering  hold 
eight  vills  by  service  of  two  and  a  half  knight's  fees  ;  Robert  de  Insula  holds  one  fee  and  a  half,  an 
eighth  part  of  a  fee  being  subtracted,  and  holds  six  vills  ;  Henry  de  la  Val  holds  half  the  vill  of  Echewik 
and  a  fourth  part  of  the  vill  of  iJenwel  for  half  a  fee  and  the  fourth  part  of  a  fee  of  one  knight  ;  Philip  de 
Crawden  holds  four  vills  by  service  of  one  knight's  fee  ;  William  de  Riel  and  Gilbert  de  Caldestrother 
hold  a  moiety  of  the  vill  of  Biwell  and  the  manor  of  Stokesfeld  in  fee  by  service  of  one  knight  ;  William 
de  Slaveley  holds  Slaveley,  with  appurtenances,  in  fee  by  service  of  one  knight  ;  Roger  Dareyns  holds 
Est  Hidwin  and  Hunthank  in  fee  by  service  of  a  fourth  part  of  one  knight  ;  Robert  de  West  Hidwin 
holds  Hidwin  and  Appeltreley  in  fee  by  a  third  part  of  the  service  of  one  knight  ;  the  heirs  of  William  de 
BoUesdon  hold  Nor'  Midelton  in  fee  for  a  third  part  of  the  service  of  one  knight  ;  Richard  Kenbel  holds 
a  moiety  of  the  vill  of  Benwel  in  fee  for  a  moiety  of  the  service  of  one  knight  ;  Domina  Joan  de  Riel 
holds  a  fourth  part  of  the  said  vill  by  the  service  of  one  knight. 

Vol.  VL  29 


226  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

then  unmarried,  were  his  co-heiresses.^  On  the  6th  of  March,  1262/3,  the 
escheator  was  ordered  to  give  seisin  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec's  lands  to  Nichohis 
Corbet,  Walter  de  Huntercombe,  Roger  de  Lancaster,  and  Robert  de 
Beumys,  who,  it  was  stated,  had  married  the  four  co-heiresses  respectively.^ 
Robert  de  Beumvs,  who  was  a  '  valet '  of  Edward,  the  king's  eldest  son, 
must  have  died  very  early,  for  before  1267  Maud  became  the  wife  of  Hugh 
Delaval.'  In  the  enquiry  made  in  1275  by  Edward  I.  after  his  return 
from  the  Holy  Land,  to  ascertain  what  crown  dues  or  rights  had  been 
alienated  or  were  withheld,  it  was  stated  that  Roger  de  Lancaster,  Nicholas 
Corbet,  Walter  de  Huntercomb,  and  Hugh  Delaval  held  the  barony  of 
Stiford  of  the  king  by  the  service  of  five  knight's  fees;*  and  in  1294, 
Philippa,  widow  of  Roger  de  Lancaster,  was  summoned  to  prove  her 
right  to  free  warren  in  the  manors  of  Stiford,  Birkinside,  Shotley, 
Waskerlev,  Angerton,  and  Heddon.^ 

Alice,  wife  of  Walter  de  Huntercomb,  and  Maud,  wife  of  Hugh  Delaval, 
died  without  issue, ^  and  the  Bolbec  barony  and  estates  ultimately  became 
vested  in  Robert  fitz  Ralph,  lord  of  Greystoke,  the  eldest  son  of  Margery 
by  her  second  husband,  Ralph  fitz  William,  lord  of  Greystoke,"  and  Sir 
John  de  Lancaster,  son  of  Philippa. 

'  '  De  Willelmo  Vescy  similiter  tenuit  praedictLis  Hugo  de  Bolbek,  Doddyngton',  Wetewood,  et 
Nesbyte,  per  unum  feodum  militis  de  veteri  feoffamento.  Dicto  Hugone  defuncto,  ei  quatuor  filiae, 
coheredes  ejus,  quarum  Margeria  prima  fuit  maritata  Nicholao  Corbet,  Waltero  de  Huntircombe 
Alicia  fuit  maritata.  Duae  aliae  sorores,  una  videlicet  est  maritata  Rogero  de  Lancastre,  et  alia 
Hugoni  de  la  V'ale,  et  tota  hereditas  supradicta  dispersa  fuit  inter  eas.  Postmodum  Alicia,  quae  fuit 
(uxor)  Walteri  de  Huntyrcombe  et  uxor  Hugonis  de  la  Vale  obierunt  sine  prole,  et  tunc  iterata  est 
particio  inter  dictos  Nicholaum  Corbet  et  Margeriam  uxorem  ejus,  et  Rogerum  de  Lancastre  et 
uxorem  ejus.'     Newininster  Chnrtuhtry,  Fowler,  p.  287.     Surt.  See.  No.  66. 

'  Fine  Roll;  47  Henry  III.  m.  9;"  OriginaUa,  47  Henry  III.  m.  5  ;  Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  458. 
'  Inq.  p.m.  51  Hen.  111.  No.  46,  Cakndarium  Genealogicum,  p.  127. 

*  Rot.  Hund.  vol.  ii.  p.  21.     It  is  stated  in  the  same  return  that  Nicholas  Corbet  had  granted  to 
Thomas  de  Fisseburn  30s.  in  land  in  the  vill  of  Spiridon  in  the  barony  of  Stiford. 
'  Placita  de  quo  warranto,  p.  599. 
'  Cf.  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  239. 

'  13031  July  7th.  Licence  was  given  after  inquisition  ad  quod  damnum  for  John  de  Yeland  to  grant 
in  fee  simple  to  Ralph  fitz  William  a  fourth  part  of  the  manors  of 'Styford,  Spyridon,  Neuton,  Rydding, 
Merchenleye,  Bromhale,  Shelford,  Thornburgh,  Sotle,  Blakededleye,  Byrkenside,  Waskerleye,  and 
Neubigginge,  etc.,  etc.,'  which  were  held  in  chief,  and  which,  after  the  death  of  Walter  de  Huntercombe, 
who  holds  the  said  fourth  part  by  the  law  of  England  of  the  inheritance  of  his  late  wife,  should  revert  to 
the  said  John  by  virtue  of  a  fine  between  him  and  the  said  Ralph  fitz  William  and  Margery,  his  wife, 
lately  deceased.     Cal.  Pat.  Rolls;  31  Edward  I.  memb  19,  p.  147. 

1313,  July  6th.  John  de  Eure  the  escheator  is  ordered  to  deliver  to  Ralph  fitz  William  a  moiety  of 
the  fourth  part  of  the  manors  of  Styford,  Spiriden,  Newton,  Riding,  Merchenley,  Broomhaugh,  Shotley, 
Blackhedley,  Birkenside,  Waskerley,  Newbigging,  etc.,  which  had  been  taken  into  the  king's  hands 
upon  the  death  of  Walter  de  Huntercombe,  as  it  appears  that  the  said  Walter  held  the  said  manors  for 
his  life  only,  and  that  after  his  death  they  ought  to  revert  to  the  said  Ralph  fitz  William  by  virtue  of  a 
fine  levied  by  the  late  king's  licence.  The  lands  were  to  be  delivered  to  the  said  Ralph  only  on  the 
condition  that  he  engaged  to  appear  in  the  king's  court  to  defend  an  action  which  had  been  brought  in 
Chancery  by  John  de  Lancaster,  who  claimed  to  be  kinsman  and  heir  of  the  said  Alice,  wife  of  Walter 
de  Huntercombe.     Cal.  Close  Rolls,  6  Edward  II.  memb.  2,  p.  539. 


L     f.      d. 

S.          d. 

2    11       O 

uncle  regi 

22      9| 

5   19    0 

It 

10    9| 

I     0    0 

7> 

I     9| 

BARONY    OF    BOI.BEC. 

Styford  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

Summa  bonnruni  manerii  de  Stiford  ... 

„  Uoniini  Hugoiiis  de  la  Vale 

„  Abbatis  de  Blancheland     ... 

Summa  bujus  villae,  ^19  los.     Unde  regi,  35s.  5id. 

Sir  John  de  Lancaster's  estates  in  Westmorland  devolved  upon  his 
brother  William's  son,  another  John  de  Lancaster,  but  his  purparty'  of  the 
Bolbec  estates  passed  to  Sir  William  de  Herle,^  knight,  '  one  of  the  great 
lights  and  worthies  of  Northumberland,'  who  was  first  made  a  puisne  judge 
in  1320,'  and  was  raised  to  the  office  of  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  in  1327.  He  is  said  to  have  married  a  daughter  of  the 
elder  John  of  Lancaster."  Sir  William  de  Herle  died  March  8th,  1346/7, 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  son.  Sir  Robert  de  Herle  of  Ivirkharle.' 

Stifford  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 
Nicholaus  de  Ruckby,  3s.;  Robertus  Wodman,  is.  6d.;  Petrus  forestarius,  3s.;  Robertus  de  Hidwyn, 
3s.  4d.;  Stephanus  de  Aptreley,  2s.  6d.     Summa,  13s.  4d. 

On  Sunday,  October  15th,  1346,  Styford,  Neubigging  near  Blanchland, 
Bromhalgh,    Rydyng,    Merchenley,    Shildeforde,    and    Shotteley    (of    which 

'  The  part  of  each  heiress  before  a  partition  was  made  was  called  a  'purpart'  or  'purpartie'  of  a 
barony.     Madox,  Baronia  Anglica,  p.  42. 

-'Ego  Johannes  de  Lancaster  dominus  de  Stanstede  dedi  Willelmo  de  Herle  med.  manerii  de 
Styford  cum  advocatione  abbatiae  de  Albalanda  et  cum  omnibus  aliis  feodis  militum  quae  habeo  in 
comitatu  Northumbriae,  etc'  Datum  apud  Stanstede  anno  13  Edward.  II.  s.  JOH.  de  Lancaster. 
Ex  MSS.  Culled.  Glover,  Somerset  Herald:  Doilszivrth  MS.  vol.  68,  fol.  9;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's 
Collection,  '  X,'  p.  220.  Seal,  eirgent  Uvo  bars  gules  ;  on  a  canton  of  the  second  a  lion  passant  guardant 
or  (borne  by  John  de  Lancaster  summoned  to  Parliament  as  a  baron  in  1299;  cf.  Burke,  General 
Arinvury). 

1334,  June  8th.  To  the  escheator.  Order  to  deliver  to  William  de  Herle  a  moiety  of  the  manor  of 
Stiford  together  with  the  hamlets  of  Ridyng,  Bromhalgh,  Spirdene,  Thornburgh,  Sessynghop,  Neubiggyng, 
Birkenside,  Shotley,  and  Slaveleye  (which  John  de  Lancaster  had  held  for  life)  to  be  held  of  the  king  m 
chief  by  the  service  of  the  moiety  of  a  barony  and  by  the  service  of  rendering  to  the  king  at  the  ward  of 
the  castle  of  Newcastle  33s.  4d.  yearly,  and  i6s.  forcornage  and  for  fines  of  court  9s.  6d.  at  the  E.xchequer 
of  Newcastle ;  and  the  king  has  taken  the  homage  of  William  for  the  moiety  of  the  manor  of  Stiford 
together  with  the  hamlets  and  has  rendered  them  to  him.  Cal.  Close  Rolls;  8  Edward  III.  memb  ->5 
p.  226.  '  '  ' 

12  Edward  III.  (133S).  'Annora  quae  fuit  uxor  Johannis  de  Lancaster  tenet  ad  term,  vitae  suae 
mediet.  manerii  de  Angerton  et  Hedon  super  murum  cum  pertin.,  unacum  quibusdam  terris  in  Styford, 
Rydding,  Bromhalgh,  Spiriden,  Thorneburgh,  Sesyngsop,  Newbiggin,  Birkensyde,  Shottele,  et  Slaveley' 
de  rege  in  capite  ut  de  corona  per  serv.  med.  baroniae,  viz.,  perlserv.  unius  feodi  milit.  et  dim.  etc.  remanere 
inde  Willelmo  de  Herle  et  heredibus  suis  spectan.'  DodsK'orth  MSS.  82,  fol.  74  ;  Rev.  John  Hodgson 
Collection,  '\,'  p.  195.  Cf.  Inq.  p.m.  Annora,  wife  of  John  de  Lancastre,  12  Edw.  III.  first  numbers. 
No.  29. 

'  Foss,  Tabulae  Curialcs,  p.  17. 

"  Cf.  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  239.  But  Foss  (Judges  of  England)  states  that  William 
de  Herle  was  a  native  either  of  Devonshire  or  Leicestershire,  and  that  he  married  Margaret,  daughter 
and  heiress  of  William  Polglas,  heiress  of  the  manor  of  Ilfracombe. 

■'  Inq.  p.m.  Wil.  de  Herle,  21  Edw.  111.  first  numbers,  No.  44. 


228  THK    TARISH    OK    BYWKLI,    ST.    ANDRICW. 

Robert  de  Herle  was  owner  of  one  half)  and  the  vill  of  Shivek-v,  'of 
which  he  is  sole  lord,'  were  raided  by  David  Bruce,  king  of  Scotland, 
with  a  great  host  of  Scots,  and  totally  destroyed,  the  houses  being  burned 
and  the  tenants  plundered  of  70  oxen,  83  cows,  142  bullocks  and  queys, 
32   'avers,'  316  sheep,  etc.* 

On  May  6th,  1355,  Robert  de  Herle  gave  the  king  £.[  to  have  a 
licence  to  convev  to  William  de  Greystoke  and  Joan  his  wife  a  moiety 
of  the  manor  of  Angerton,  with  lands  at  Whitchester,  Eachwick,  East 
Heddon,  Benwell,  and  Middleton  Morel,  computed  at  two  and  a  half 
knight's  fees,  in  exchange  for  a  moiety  of  the  manor  of  Styford  and  the 
third  part  of  one  knight's  fee  in  East  Heddon. - 

Robert  de  Herle  died  without  issue  July  5th,  seised  of  a  moiety 
of  the  barony  of  Bolbec,  which  comprised  Styford  with  its  members, 
Newbiggin,  Cessinghope,  and  Spiriden,  the  vills  of  Broomhaugh  and 
Shotlev,  lands  in  Slaley,  Newton  in  Bywell,  etc.,'  all  of  which  fell  to  his 
sister  Margaret,  wife  of  Sir  Ralph  de  Hastings,  knight,  of  Allerston'*  in 
the  North  Riding  of  Yorkshire  ; ''  she  very  soon  after  was  succeeded  by 
her  son,  who  bore  his  father's  name  of  Ralph.  After  the  death  of  the 
latter  in  1397,  his  son  Sir  Ralph  de  Hastings  HI.  joined  in  the  conspiracy 
to  dethrone  Henry  IV.,  and,  having  been  taken  prisoner,  was  attainted 
in  1 4 10  and  beheaded."  It  has  been  generally  supposed  that  the 
Styford  moiety  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec  was  thereupon  granted  to  the 
first  earl  of  Westmorland  as  a  reward  for  his  services  in  crushing  the 
rebellion,"  but,  for  some  reason  now  unknown,  the  reversion  of  the  manor 
of  Styford,  after  the  death  of  Sir  Ralph  de  Hastings,  had  been  conveyed 
many  years  before  to  the  earl's  father.  Sir  John  Nevill  of  Raby,  who 
died  October  17th,  1388.**  Ralph,  earl  of  Westmorland,  who  died  October 
2 1  St,   142s,  was  at  the  time  of  his   death   seised  of  the   manor  of  Styford, 

'  Iiuj.  ad  quod  damnum,  zi  Edward  III.  No.  3;  Cal.Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  iii.  p.  274.  Cf.  Ridpatli,  Border 
History,  p.  337,  and  Lang,  History  of  Scotland,  vol.  i.  pp.  256-7.  King  David  was  taken  prisoner  at 
Nevill's  Cross  on  October  17th. 

''  Pat.  Rolls,  29  Edward  III.  pt.  i.  memb.  8  ;  cf.  Cal.  Rot.  Orig.  vol.  ii.  p.  238  ;  Hodgson,  Northumber- 
land, pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  240;  also  /"i/.  p.m.  29  Edw.  III.  second  numbers,  No.  25. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Robert!  Herle  chr.  38  Edward  III.  first  numbers,  No.  23. 

*  The  will  of  Sir  Ralph  de  Hastings  is  printed  Test.  Ehor.  vol.  i.  pp.  19-20.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  4. 

'  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  240.  "  Cf.  Test.  Ehor.  vol.  i.  p.  217. 

'  Cf.  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  240. 

"  Inq.  p.m.  John  Nevill,  12  Rich.ard  II.  No.  40. 


BARONY    OF    BOLBEC.  229 

with  divers  dependent  vills  at  Broomhaugh,  Shotley,  Newbiggin,  Slaley, 
a  pasture  of  200  acres  at  Sessinghope,  Spiriden,  Thornbrougli,  the  mill  of 
Broomhaugh,  and    1000  acres  of  common  pasture,  etc.^ 

The  story  of  the  Nevills  has  been  sketched  in  a  previous  chapter.  After 
the  attainder  of  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland,"  in  1569  it  was  found  that  his 
demesne  lands,  comprising  Styfford,  Spyryden  and  Cyssenhope,  had  been 
demised  on  February  8th,  1553/4,  to  John  Swinburne  for  a  term  of  15  years 
at  the  yearly  rent  of  ,^13  6s.  8d.  The  manors  of  the  barony  were  accounted 
for  under  their  respective  heads  and  the  'sum  of  rent  of  the  lordship  of 
Bulbeck'  amounted  to  ;^42  6s.  iid.  Out  of  the  receipts  of  the  baronies 
of  Bolbec  and  Baliol,  which  amounted  to  ^"139  15s.  ifd.,  there  was  allowed 
as  'the  fee  of  William  Wyndbourne,  George  Hurde,  Gerard  Hurde,  and 
Blaise  Bates,  foresters  of  the  forest  of  Bywell  and  Bulbeck,  for  preservation 
and  keeping  of  stags  and  other  deer  within  the  said  forest  and  for  exercise 
of  their  office,'  53s.  4d.  The  salary  or  fee  of  John  Swinburne  the  rebel, 
the  earl  of  Westmorland's  late  steward,  was  £s  ;  and  £40  per  annum  was 
allowed  in  payment  of  an  annuity  granted  by  the  said  earl  on  December 
30th,  1566,  to  Francis,  John,  Edward,  and  Edmund  Bacon  for  the  term  of 
99  years  if  any  of  them  should  live  so  long.^ 

The  barony  of  Bolbec  remained  in  the  Crown  until  September  25th, 
1628,*  when  it  was  sold  by  Charles  I.  to  Edward  Ditchfield  and  others, 
citizens  of  London,  who,  on  February  19th,  1630/1,  by  direction  of  the  city  of 
London,  at  a  Court  of  Committee  held  at  the  Guildhall,  conveyed  it  to 
John  Heath  of  Gray's  Lin,  esq.,  and  Roger  Fenwick,  gentleman.'  Heath 
in  1632  demised  it  for  1000  years  to  Sir  George  Baker,  knight,"  and  on 
May  ist,  1 66 1,  conveyed  to  him  the  fee  simple  of  it  for  ever.' 

'  Iiui.p.iii.  4  Henrv  \'I.  No.  37.  ISut  in  1439  Ralf  Greistok,  son  and  heir  of  John  de  Greystok, 
chivalei-,  acknowledged  that  the  said  John  on  the  day  of  his  death  held  of  the  kmg  in  uipite  the  manor  of 
Styford  bv  the  service  of  a  third  part  of  the  moiety  of  one  barony,  to  wit,  the  barony  of  Bulbeck.  Madox, 
Bar.  Aug.  p.  58. 

-'  Henry,  earl  of  Westmorland,  by  deed,  dated  2nd  May,  1562,  granted  the  manor  of  Bolbec  to 
his  daughter.  Lady  Elynor  Nevill,  to  secure  to  her  the  sum  of  ;£iooo  in  one  payment  by  her  brother, 
Charles  Nevill  (who  succeeded  his  father  as  earl  of  Westmorland!.  She  subsequently  married  William 
I'elham,  esq.,  to  whom  ^400  was  paid  by  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland,  as  part  of  the  said  sum  of 
/looo.  After  the  earl's  attainder  and  the  seizure  of  his  estates  into  the  queen's  hands,  Mr.  Pelham 
complained  to  the  Court  of  Exchequer.  Ultimately  the  premises  were  assured  to  the  queen  by  Mr. 
and  Lady  Elynor  Pelham  on  the  payment  to  them  bv  the  queen  of  /800  in  addition  to  the  £1000 
secured  to  them  by  the  original  deed.  Mich.  Term,  14th  Elizabeth.  Exchequer  Decrees  ami  Orders, 
series  i.  book  iv.  p.  227.  '  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey.  '  Pat.  Rolls,  4  Charles  I.  pt.  1. 

'  Bywell  Papers,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection. 

'■  Sir  George  Baker  was  recorder  of  Newcastle.     See  pedigree,  Surtees,  Durham,  vol.  11.  p.  358. 

'  Bywell  Papers,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection. 


230  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

The  importance  of  the  manorial  rights  was  demonstrated  when  an  Act 
of  Parliament'  was  obtained  in  1765  for  the  division  of  the  extensive  common 
of  Bolbec,  one  sixteenth  part  of  which  was  given  to  George  Baker  of 
Elemore  hall,  esq.,  as  the  lord  of  the  manor,  for  his  consent  to  the 
enclosure.  In  1800,  the  barony,  and  remaining  manorial  rights,  were  sold 
by  Mr.  George  Baker  to  Mr.  George  Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  whose 
representative,  Mr.  Francis  Somerled  Silvertop,  is  now  lord  of  the  manor 
and  barony  of  Bolbec. 

The  preamble  of  the  Act  for  the  division  of  Bolbec  common  recites 
that  George  Baker  of  Elemore  hall,  esq.,  was  lord  of  the  manor,  and 
that  the  said  George  Baker,  the  Commissioners  of  Greenwich  Hospital, 
Sir  Walter  Blackett,  bart.,  Sir  John  Lambert  Middleton,  bart.,  John 
Andrews,  John  Hopper,  and  George  Silvertop,  esquires,  Wilkinson 
Kirsopp,  Michael  Smith,  D.D.,  Fewster  Teasdale,  Robert  Vazie,  gentlemen, 
and  several  other  persons  who  were  entitled  to  right  of  common, 
were  desirous  that  the  common  should  be  divided.  For  the  purpose  of 
carrying  the  Act  into  execution  the  following  were  appointed  commissioners: 
Samuel  Marriot  of  Okerland,  Thomas  Forster  of  the  City  of  Durham,  Ralph 
Hutchinson  of  Baxterwood,  Thomas  Gibson  of  Stonecroft,  and  John  Brown 
of  Kirkharle.  The  commissioners  made  their  award  February  9th,  1771. 
After  allotting  437  acres  or  a  full  sixteenth  part  to  Mr.  George  Baker  as 
lord  of  the  manor  for  his  consent,  and  setting  out  roads,  watering  places, 
etc.,  the  residue  was  divided  amongst  the  several  persons  having  right  of 
common,  that  is  to  say. 

As  to  such  persons  as  are  intitled  to  lands  only,  or  to  lands  and  house  or  houses,  usually  farmed  or 
occupied  therewith  as  a  farm  house  or  farm  houses,  then  in  proportion  to  the  whole  clear  yearly  value 
or  rent  of  every  such  farm  consisting  of  land  only,  or  land  and  a  farm  house  thereunto  belonging  and 
constituting  one  farm;  and  as  to  such  persons  as  are  intitled  to  a  house  or  houses,  or  a  cottage 
or  cottages,  mill  or  mills  only,  without  any  lands  thereunto  belonging  then,  in  proportion  to  one 
half  of  the  clear  yearly  value  or  rent  of  such  house  or  houses,  cottage  or  cottages,  mill  or  mills, 
respectively  ;  and  as  to  such  persons  as  are  entitled  both  to  land  and  a  mill,  or  to  land  and  an 
house  or  houses,  cottage  or  cottages,  now  farmed,  held,  or  occupied  therewith,  but  such  house  or  houses, 
cottage  or  cottages  have  or  hath  been  heretofore  or  usually  held  or  occupied  separately  and  distinctly 
from  such  lands  at  separate  or  distinct  rents,  or  are  or  is  not  taken  or  deemed  to  be  a  farm  house  or  farm 
houses,  then  in  proportion  to  the  whole  of  the  clear  yearly  rent  or  value  of  such  land,  and  in  proportion 
to  one  half  of  the  clear  yearly  rent  or  value  of  such  mill,  house  or  houses,  cottage  or  cottages,  respectively, 
as  the  same  were  worth  to  be  let  whether  the  same  were  in  the  hands  of  the  owners  thereof  respectively, 
or  let  to  a  tenant  or  tenants  for  the  year,  beginning  12th  May,  1764.  such  rent  or  value  to  be  fixed  and 
ascertained  by  the  said  commissioners  or  any  of  them  or  more  of  them. 

'  5  Geo.  III.  An  Act  for  dividing  and  inclosing  a  certain  common,  moor,  or  tract  of  waste  land 
within  the  barony  or  manor  of  Bulbeck  in  the  county  of  Northumberland. 


BARONY    OF    BOLBEC.  23 1 

The  names  of  the  freeholders  who  received  allotments'  in  lieu 
of  rights  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  their  tenements  will  be 
of  interest : — 

George  Baker,  esq.,  for  lands  in  Slaley,  Birkenside,  Sliilford,  Broomhagh,  Unthank,  and  for  his 
mill  at  Wedge-green,  531  acres  ;  John  Andrews,  esq.,  for  Fieldhead,  Letches,  Shotley  Bridge,  Burnhouse, 
and  Biirnmill,  207  acres  ;  Misses  Margery,  Elizabeth  and  Catherine  Andrews,  for  High  and  Low 
Waskerley,  102  acres  ;  John  Bainbridge,  for  Slaley,  57  acres  ;  William  Bainbridge,  esq.,  for  Slaley,  37 
acres  ;  George  Blenkinsop,  esq.,  for  Allansford  Forge,  6  acres  ;  Sir  Walter  Blackett,  for  Crooked 
Oak,  15  acres;  for  Coalpitts,  276  acres ;  for  Dukesfield,  S95  acres;  and  for  Slaley,  58  acres ;  heirs  of  Ralph 
Carr,  for  Marley  Coat  Walls,  41  acres  ;  George  Carr,  for  Slaley,  126  acres  ;  John  Carr,  for  Slaley,  148 
acres ;  William  Carr,  for  Slaley,  12  acres  ;  Henry  Carr,  an  mfant,  for  Slaley,  4  acres ;  John  Clavering,  for 
Eads-bridge,  219  acres,  for  Emley  and  .'\pperley,  360  acres  ;  Rev.  Wm.  Dalston,  as  curate  of  Shotley, 
for  Shotley  church-yard  and  Unthank,  9  acres ;  heirs  of  George  Davison,  for  Marley  Coat  Walls 
and  Walls-fieldhead,  96  acres  ;  William  Fenvvick,  esq.,  for  Eastwood-house  and  mill,  22  acres  ;  John 
Farbridge,  for  Slaley,  15  acres  ;  Joseph  Farbridge,  for  Slaley,  63  acres  ;  Leonard  Farbridge,  for  .Slaley, 
24  acres  ;  William  Giles,  for  Pryhouse,  30  acres ;  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners,  for  Wooley, 
168  acres  ;  George  Green,  for  Slaley,  75  acies  ;  Francis  Haswell,  for  Shotley-field  and  Fine-house, 
81  acres  ;  John  Hopper,  esq.,  of  Black  Hedley,  for  Black  Hedley,  Woodhouse,  Black  Hedley  Port, 
Little  Black  Hedley,  371  acres;  John  Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  for  Shotley-field,  50  acres;  Cuthbert 
Hopper,  for  Laings  Loaning,  64  acres,  and  Summerfield-house,  100  acres  ;  Joseph  Hopper,  for  Shotley- 
field,  4  acres  ;  John  Hunter,  esq.,  for  North  Snodds,  89  acres  ;  John  Heron,  for  Shield-hall,  305 
acres  ;  Rev.  Thos.  Hudson,  as  curate  of  Blanchland,  for  Blackburn,  49  acres  ;  Wilkinson  Kirsop, 
Banister  Bayles,  John  Salmon  and  Teasdale  White,  for  Slaley,  Slaley  Woodfoot,  and  East  Strothers, 
208  acres  ;  Wilkinson  Kirsop,  Banister  Bayles,  Robert  Salmon  and  Teasdale  White,  for  Steel-hall, 
Redlead  mill,  and  Western  Byers,  852  acres  ;  William  Lowes,  esq.,  for  Todburn  Steel,  194  acres  ;  Sir 
William  Middleton,  bart.,  for  Hole  Raw,  Orchardfield,  Crooked  Oak,  Wallish  Walls,  Mosswood  and 
Allans  Ford,  576  acres;  Matthew  Maudlin,  for  Slaley,  2  acres;  Catherine  Newton,  for  Shotley-field, 
115  acres;  John  Robson,  for  Slaley,  7  acres;  George  Ridley,  for  Strother-dales,  9  acres  ;  James 
Roddam,  for  Slaley,  22  acres  ;  George  Richardson  and  Thomas  Whitfield,  for  Snods,  96  acres  ;  John 
Salmon,  for  Black  Strothers,  26  acres  ;  John  Hall  Stephenson  and  William  Farquharson,  for  Penshield 
and  Shotley-field,  398  acres;  Robert  Surtees,  for  Shotley-field,  5  acres;  George  Silvertop,  esq.,  for 
Crooked  Oak,  39  acres;  Cronkley  and  Mill  Shield,  3S0  acres  ;  Minsteracres  and  Newfield,  758  acres; 
George  Silvertop  and  George  Baker,  esqs.,  for  Unthank,  164  acres  ;  Jane  Stobbs,  for  Penshields,  120 
acres;  Michael  Smith,  D.D.,  and  Ralph  Smith,  esq.,  for  Espershields,  506  acres  ;  Thomas  Teasdale  the 
elder,  for  Combhills,  39  acres  ;  Thomas  Teasdale  the  younger,  for  Slaley,  122  acres  ;  Richard  Teasdale, 
for  Slaley,  96  acres  ;  Fewster  Teasdale,  for  Slaley,  151  acres;  Robert  Vazie,for  Durham-field,  351  acres, 
and  for  Bogg  hall,  20  acres  ;  Job  Ward,  for  Gingleshaugh,  52  acres  ;  the  heirs  of  William  Weddell, 
for  the  Bush,  18  acres  ;  Rev.  William  Wharton,  as  curate  of  Slaley,  for  the  churchyard,  3  acres,  and  for 
Carr's  farm,  27  acres. 

'  Fractions  omitted. 


232  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

TOWNSHIP   OF   STYFORl). 

Styford,  although,  like  Bywell,  giving  its  name  for  a  time  to  a  baronv, 
seems  always  to  have  had  a  smaller  and  more  real  existence  as  a  vill  and 
manor.  It  is  singular  that  the  place-name  Styford  gave  way  to  the  family 
name  Bolbec  in  the  one  barony,  and  the  family  name  Baliol  gave  way  to 
the  place-name  Bywell  in  the  other  barony.  On  the  8th  of  Februarv,  1553/4, 
as  has  already  been  stated,  the  earl  of  Westmorland  granted  Styfford, 
Spyryden,  and  Cyssenhope  to  his  steward,  John  Swinburne  of  Chopwell, 
to  hold  for  the  term  of  fifteen  years  at  the  yearly  rent  of  ;^I3  6s.  8d.,'  and 
on  the  18th  of  December,  1583,  a  lease  of  the  same  premises  was  granted  by 
letters  patent  to  Sir  John  Forster,  knight,  for  the  term  of  twenty-one  years. 
Subject  to  the  then  subsisting  lease  and  to  an  annuity  of  ^40  per  annum 
granted  for  certain  lives,  Stiforde,  Spiriden,  and  Cissenhope,  ah'as  Cisseyhope, 
were  granted  by  letters  patent  on  the  4th  of  April,  1589,  to  Richard 
Braithwaite  and  Roger  Bromley,  esquires,  to  hold  of  the  queen  as  of  the 
manor  of  East  Greenwich,  by  fealty  and  in  free  and  common  socage, 
rendering  yearly  £12,  6s.  Sd.''  Braithwaite  and  Bromley  seem  to  have 
transferred  it  to  Thomas  Crompton,  esq.,  and  Francis  Jackson,  gent.,  of 
London,  who  on  the  20th  of  November,  1595,  conveyed  Stiford,  Spiriden, 
and  Cissinghope  to  Sir  John  Forster  of  Alnwick,  knight,^  and  Nicholas 
Forster  of  Hulne,  esq.^  By  these  transactions  the  township  and  reputed 
manor  of  Styford  became  severed  from  the  barony  of  Bolbec. 

The  township  abuts  on  the  river  Tyne,  and  stretches  northward  for 
a  distance  of  nearly  two  miles,  rising  gradually  to  an  elevation  of  341  feet, 
ordnance  datum.  It  comprises  an  area  of  1,038  acres,  containing  the 
two  valuable  farms  of  High  Barns  and  Brocksbushes,  besides  the  hall  and 
park  of  Styford.     The  population  in  1901  was  77.^ 

'  Hall  and  Humberston's  Survey. 

■Pat.  Rolls,  31  Eliz.  pt.  ii.  The  annuity  charged  on  the  premises  was  payable  to  Francis,  John, 
Edward,  and  Edmund  Bacon,  or  to  the  longest  liver. 

'  After  the  death  of  Sir  John  Forster,  at  Spindleston,  in  1602,  it  was  stated  that  his  personal  estate 
at  Styford  comprised  20  draught  oxen,  10  kine,  10  stotts,  10  quies,  five  score  wethers,  sixteen  score  ewes 
twelve  score  threaves  of  rye,  fifteen  score  threave  of  otes,  together  with  thirty  acres  of  ground 
sowen  with  rye.     Cf.  vol.  i.  of  this  work,  p.  159. 

'  Original  deed  with  Miss  Bacon-Grey  ;  cf.  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  D,'  154. 

'  The  Census  Returns  are  :  1801,111;  1811,96;  1821,69;  1831,65;  1841,104;  1851,84;  1861,90; 
1871,99;  1881,105;  1891,84;  1901,77. 


STYFORD    TOWNSHIP.  233 

No  remains  of  the  prehistoric  inhabitants  of  the  district  have  been  found 
in  this  township,  nor  any  traces  of  the  demesne  house,  hall,  or  tower,  which 
the  lords  of  the  fee,  in  all  probability,  possessed.  A  chapel  is  known  to 
have  existed  at  Styford  as  early  as  the  year  1262.^  The  present  house  is  a 
plain  building  of  three  storeys,  erected  or  reconstructed  towards  the  end 
of  the  eighteenth  century.  It  occupies  a  sunny  sheltered  site  with  a  south 
exposure,  where  the  alluvial  haugh  begins  to  rise  to  the  uplands ;  the  grounds 
are  well  planted  with  forest  trees,  which  protect  the  place  on  the  west, 
north,  and  east.  The  house  is  surrounded  by  fine  old  walled  gardens  and 
well  laid  out  pleasure  grounds,  and  contains  some  interesting  family  portraits.' 

In  the  comprehensive  survey  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec  made  in  1608,  it 
is  stated  that  there  were  at  that  time  no  demesne  lands  within  the  manor 
'  other  than  the  capital  messuage  of  Stiford  .  .  .  which  is  passed  away  in  fee- 
farme  ; '  it  was  held  by  Claudius  Forster  by  the  payment  of  a  fee  farm  rent 
of  ;,f  13  6s.  8d.'  The  latter,  by  indenture''  dated  February  13th,  1609/10,  for 
the  sum  of  ^520,  purchased  a  certain  interest  in  the  place  possessed  by 
Thomas,  earl  of  Suffolk. '"'  He  was  created  a  baronet  in  1620,  but,  dying 
without  issue,  Styford,  Blanchland,  and  other  estates  were  enjoyed  during  a 
long  widowhood  by  his  wife,  Lady  Elizabeth  Forster,  who  in  1663  was  rated 
for  Styford  at  the  large  sum  of  ^,  160  per  annum. 

Sir  William  Forster  of  Bamburgh,  grand-nephew  of  Sir  Claudius 
Forster,  who  succeeded  Lady  Elizabeth  Forster,  died  in  1674,  when  a 
moiety,  if  not  the  whole,  of  Styford  passed  to  his  second  son,  John  Forster, 
who   died   unmarried   on  November    15th,    1699,"  when  the    estate   reverted 

'  Iini.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolbec,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25. 

-  .'\mongst  the  pictures  are  half  or  three-quarter  portraits  in  oils  of  Lord  Creue,  Lady  Crewe, 
Ferdinando  Forster,  Dorothy  Forster,  and  two  portraits,  believed  to  be  those  of  the  rebel  general  and 
of  his  sister  Margaret,  wife  of  William  Bacon. 

^  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey.  •*  Miss  Bacon-Grey's  Deeds. 

■''  By  '  An  Acte  for  Confirmation  of  Grauntes  made  to  the  Queene's  majestic,  and  of  letters  patentes 
made  by  her  highness  to  others,'  enacted  27th  October,  43  Eliz.  (1601),  it  was  provided  that  such 
patentees  as  had  obtained  from  the  C[ueen  by  way  of  exchange,  or  for  any  sum  of  money  since  8th 
February,  1582/3,  or  at  any  time  until  the  end  of  the  said  session,  or  within  one  year,  thereafter, 
letters  patent  of  any  lands  or  tenements  which,  at  the  date  of  the  said  letters  patent,  were  of  greater 
yearly  value  than  was  contained  in  the  letters  patent  should,  within  ten  years  after  the  end  of  the  said 
session,  pay  to  the  Court  of  Exchequer  the  overplus  at  the  rate  of  60  years'  purchase. 

February  12th,  1608/9.  Grant  to  Thomas,  earl  of  Suffolk,  Lord  Chamberlain,  of  all  such  sums  of 
money  as  are  or  shall  be  payable  to  the  Court  of  Exchequer  as  aforesaid ;  and  order  to  the  treasurer,  etc., 
to  give  to  the  said  earl  such  writs  and  processes  he  may  from  time  to  time  require  for  the  levying  and 
recovery  of  the  same.     Pat.  Rolls,  6  Jas.  I.  pt.  10. 

°  1699,  1 2th  November.  Will  of  John  Forster  of  Styford,  gent.  To  my  brother,  Mr.  Ferdinando 
Forster,  all  my  lands,  etc,  at  .Styford,  to  pay  ^200  to  my  sister,  Mrs.  Dorothy  Forster.  My  late  sister, 
Mrs.  Mary  Forster.  My  brother,  Mr.  Ferdinando  Forster,  executor.  Seal,  theForster  crest,  STA  SAL  DO. 
Raine,  Test.  Diinelin.  vol.  iv.  p.  193. 

Vol.  VI.  so 


234  THK  PARISH  OF  BYWELL  ST.  ANDREW. 

to  his  eldest  brother  William.  The  latter  died  without  issue,  as  did  also 
his  last  surviving  brother  and  successor,  Ferdinando  Forster,  whereupon 
all  the  estates,  burdened  with  heavy  debts,  devolved  upon  their  surviving 
sister,  Lady  Crewe,  and  their  nephew,  Thomas  Forster  the  younger,  of 
Adderston,  as  co-heirs.'  The  creditors  of  William  Forster  having  exhibited 
their  bills  in  Chancery  for  the  purpose  of  having  the  estate  sold  for  payment 
of  the  general  debts.  Lord  and  Lady  Crewe  and  Thomas  Forster  on  July 
30th  and  31st,  1708,^  sold  Styford  for  ;^  5,500  to  John  Bacon  of  Staward. 
It  was  conveyed  by  him,  December  4th,  1 712, 'to  trustees,  in  pursuance  of 
a  settlement  made  before  the  marriage  of  his  eldest  son,  William  Bacon, 
and  Margaret,  daughter  of  Thomas  Forster  of  Adderston.'' 

The  whole  township  of  Styford  now  belongs  to  Miss  E.  C.  Bacon-Grey 
and  her  sister,  Mrs.  Guiry. 

It  has  not  been  found  possible  to  identify  Spiryden  and  Cessinghope'* 
with  any  existing  hamlets  or  homesteads,  but  on  the  farm  of  Brocksbushes 
there  are  two  fields  which  are  still  called  'Spredden.'  In  1262  there  were  in 
Spiriden  three  bondmen,  each  of  whom  held  26  acres  and  who  together  paid 
for  farms  and  works  34s.  gd.;  another  bondman  held  40  acres  and  for  farm 
and  works  paid  27s.  3d.  There  were  two  free  tenants,  who  by  charter  held 
24  acres  and  paid  12s.  yearly.  John  de  Middilton  and  Richard  his  brother 
held  six  bovates  of  land  in  the  field  of  Spiriden  and  Thornbrough  by  charter, 
paying  yearly  6d.  ''ad  war  dam.'  In  Riding  there  were  17  cottars  holding 
26^  acres  of  land  and  paying  yearly  for  farms  and  works  43s.  io|d.  Sum  of 
Spiriden  63s.  6d.'^  At  the  Northumberland  Assizes,  held  at  Newcastle  on 
June  25th,  1269,  Nicholas  Corbet,  and  Margery  his  wife  (one  of  the  Bolbec 
heiresses)  claimed  a  certain  Alan  of  Spyreden  as  their  neif  and  fugitive.' 

Spyriden  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

i  s. 

Summa  bonorum  Cristianae  de  Spiriden  2   15 

„  Thomae  de  Hetton    ...         ...         ...         ...         2     7 

„  Willelmi  de  Barouesford       ...         ...         ...         in 

Summa  hujus  villae,  £,(i  14s.  3d.     Unde  domino  regi,  12s.  2id. 

'  C/.  Uisl.  Bcrw.  Nut.  Club,  vol.  vi.  p.  333.  ^  Miss  Bacon-Grey's  Deeds.  '  Ibid. 

'  C/.  pedigrees  of  Forster  ofBamburgh  and  Forster  of  Adderston,  vol.  i.  of  this  work,  pp.  156,  22S. 
"  It  is  possible  that  Cessinghope  may  be  represented  by  the  valley  running  up  to  Styford. 
'  Iiiq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolebek,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25 

''  Novthumberlcind  Assize  Rolls,  Page,  pp.    159,   217;  Surt.   Soc.  No.  88;   also    Cnl.  Doc.  Rti.  Scot, 
vol.  i.  p.  511. 


d. 

s. 

d. 

0 

unde  regi 

5 

0 

6 

i) 

4 

3l 

9 

J) 

2 

.of 

STYFORD   TOWNSHIP. 


235 


BACON    (NOW    BACON-GREY)    OF    STAWARD, 
STYFORD,    ETC. 

Arms  :  Ermine  a  wild  boar  passant  azure  bristled  armed  unguled  coded  and 
pizzled  or,  langued  gules,  on  a  chief  of  the  third  two  mullets  of  the  fourth. 

Crest  :  A  demi-wild  boar  conped  regardant  azure,  bristled,  armed  and 
unguUd  or,  langued  gules  holding  in  his  mouth  a  tilting  spear  argent 
striiien  at  the  shoulder  and  vulned  proper.  Granted  to  Joliii  Bacon, 
F.R.S.,  2gth  June,  1752. 

George   Bacon,  born  at    Clay-linne,   in  Derbyshire,  =  Cecilia,  daughter 
settled  in  Allendale  and  resided  at  Broadwood-hall ;  of  Edw.  Robson 

purchased    Staward    28th   April,   1664  (/)  ;    died   at  of  Ninebanks. 

Grasse   Groves,  21st  September,  and  was  buried  in 
Allendale  chancel  23rd  Se])tember,  1670  (a). 


Joseph  Bacon  of 
Broadwood-hall, 
son  and  heir,  bur. 
in  .Mlendale  chan- 
cel 15th  October, 
1674  («)• 


I 
John  Bacon  of  Staward,  High 
Sheriff  of  Northumberland,  1693  ; 
purchased  Bellister  nth  Nov., 
l6g7,and  Styford  31st  July,  1708 
(;<)  ;  died  at  Staward  25th  Nov., 
1736,  aged  81,  and  was  buried  at 
Haydon  Qw) ;  will  dated  3rd  Sept. 
1736;  proved  1737  (0- 


Isabel,  only  child  of 
William  Deacon 
of  Wolsingham, 
where  she  was 
bapt.  5th  Feb., 
1655  (/);  [living 
nth  November, 
1700  (/5)]. 


I 
Francis  Bacon, 
buried     in 
Allendale 
chancel  19th 
Feb.,  1696/7 


Susanna,  mar.  23rd  Feb., 
1672.  Henry  Bland  of 
Newcastle,  merchant  (a), 
andof  Hurworth,co.  Dur- 
ham ;  she  was  living  a 
widow  31st  July,  1699. 

[another    daughter] 

mar Morgan    [of 

Miln-houses,  Durham]. 


George  Bacon,  son  and 
heir,  died  immarried, 
aged  26  ;  buried  at 
Haydon  I2th  Jan., 
1702/3  (c)  (a-). 


.1 
William  Bacon  of  Staward,  Styford,  and  of  Newton 
Cap  in  the  county  of  Durham  ;  High  Sheriff  of 
Northumberland,  1745  ;  died  20th  May,  174S 
((/),  at  Newton  Cap  ;  buried,  South  Church, 
Auckland;  will  dated  14th  December,  1743; 
proved  1748  (;). 


Margaret,  daughter  of  Thomas  Forster  of 
Adderston;  bpt.  8th  Dec,  1681  (j);  bond 
of  marriage  5th  Feb.,  1706;  mar.  13th 
Feb.,  1706  {g);  articles  before  mar.,  30th 
Nov.,  1706  (//)  ;  post-nuptial  settlement, 
3rd  and  4th  l3ec.,  1712  (^)  ;  bur.  at  St. 
Oswald's,  Durham,  4th  Nov.,  1743. 


John  IBaconof  Newbrough,  =  Jane,  widow  of  John 


to  whom  his  father  gave 
Bellister  by  deed  dated 
2nd  September,  171 5; 
articles  before  marriage 
1 2th  October,  1715  ;  died 
15th  July,  1736,  aged  48 


Blenkinsop  of  Dry- 
burnhaugh,  and 
daughter  of  Thos. 
Marshall  of  Wall- 
town  ;  died  12th 
Feb.,  1787,  aged 
84  W- 


I 
Joseph  Bacon, 
settled  in  the 
Isle  of  Man. 


Anne,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  baptised  4th  December,   1729  ('/)  ; 

married  first,  2Ist  October,  1750,  Middleton   Teasdale  of  Slaley  ; 

((/),  and  second,  Henry  Wastell,  rector  of  Simond-burn. 
Isabella,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  baptised  24th  June,  1731  (a'). 
Jane,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  baptised  2nd  January,  1733  (a"). 
Frances,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  baptised  22nd  August,  1734  (i/). 


I      I     I     I     I      I    I     I      I 
.Anne,  mar.  1st  May,  1709,  Thomas  Ord  of  Fenham 

Dorothy,  mar.  at  St.  Mary-le-Bow,  Durham,  loth 
Oct.,  1732,  Taylor  Thirkeld,  clerk  in  orders. 

Susanna,  bapt.  l8th  Jan.,  16S1  (a)  ;  mar.  at  Haydon, 
2glh  Dec,  1698,  William  Fenwick  of  Byvvell  (c). 

Elizabeth,  bapt.  13th  Jan.,  1679/80  (a);  mar.  l6th 
May,  1709,  John  Blackett  of  Wylam  (c)  ;  bur. 
at  St.  Oswald's,  Durham,  17th  May,  1 724. 

Mary,  mar.  Ralph  Bales  of  Newbottle,  and  died 
before  3rd  Sept.,  1736. 

Frances,  died  unmar. at  Durham, 1 3th  April,! 741  (/;). 

Isabella,  mar.  first  17th  Oct.,  1731,  William  Erring- 
ton  (c)  («■)  of  Walwick,  and  second,  2nd  Sept., 
1740,  Richard  Werge,  vicar  of  Hartburn  ((/'). 

Cecily,  living  1736  (/). 

Other  daughter  died  in  infancy. 


John     Bacon     of   Staward,    Styford,  "^  Katherine, dau. 

and  Newton   Cap,  of    Hart    Hall,  of      Richard 

0.xon.,    matric    2nd    April,    1726,  Lowther      of 

agedl7(o)>;   a  governor  of  Bride-  Kippax;mar. 

well   and   of  Bethlehem   hospital ;  23rd  August, 

Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society,  and  of  1732,    at    St. 

the   Society   of  Antiquaries  ;    died  Bennet's, 

20th  June,   1752  ;    buried  in   Bath  Paul's  Walk, 

Abbey  (y)  ;    will  dated  29th  April,  London  (/). 
1752  ;  proved  1752  (;)■ 


I 
William  Bacon, bapt. 
14th  July,  1712  (/'); 
resided  at  Newton 
Cap ;  mentioned  in 
his  grandfather's 
will  ;  and  died 
s.p.m.  before  4th 
April,  1763. 


Frances,  dau.  of 
...  Pewterer  of 
Bishop  .Auck- 
land ;  baptised 
14th  February, 
1711/2  (i)  ; 
mar.  15th  Jan., 

1747/8    (/)  ; 

[died  at  Bishop 
Auckland  6th 
March,  1782]. 


Thomas  Bacon, 
baptised  12th 
Feb.,  1 7 14/5 
((^)  ;  was  men- 
tioned in  his 
grandfather's 
will  ;  and  died 
s.p.m.  before 
4thApril,  1763. 


B 


2;6 


THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL   ST.    ANDREW. 


I 


John  Willinm  Bacon  of  Staward,  Styford, 
and  Xewton  Cap,  son  and  heir,  born  30th 
June;  Kajnised  6th  July,  1733,  at  St. 
Bride's,  Fleet  Street,  Middlesex  ;  of  St. 
Mary  Hall,  O.^on.  ;  niatric.  4th  July, 
175O1  aged  16  (0)  ;  assumed  the  name  of 
Forster  before  21st  and  22nd  July,  I757i 
the  date  of  his  marriage  articles  (^) ; 
married  30th  July,  1757  (/i)  ;  High  Sheriff 
of  Northumberland,  1763;  succeeded  to 
Adderston  in  1763,  and  died  there  28th 
April,  1767  (r)  ;  buried  at  Bamburgh  (_g)  ; 
will  dated  21st  April,  1767  ;   proved  1770 

W  O). 


Sarah,  daughter  of  Joseph 
Garth,  and  sister  of  Edward 
Tumour  Garth,  earl  of 
Winterton,  had  a  marriage 
portion  of  ;^lo,ooo  (^)  ; 
married,  secondly,  at  St. 
George's,  Hanover  Square, 
14th  August,  1767,  Sir 
Herbert  Lloyd,  Bart.  (/), 
thirdly,  Charles  Schutr,  esq., 
and  fourthly,  Robert  .Alder 
of  Alnwick  (/)  ;  buried  at 
.Mnwick     5th    July,     1792 


Charles  Bacon, 
born  30th  June ; 
baptised,  St. 
Bride's,  Fleet 
Street,  6th  July, 

l733('');"^'eJ 
to  have  died  in 
London  in :  743, 
and  to  have 
been  buried  at 
St.  George  the 
MartjT  (/)  ;  a 
twin  with  John 
William. 


Catherine,  born  1 1  th 
Feb.  ;  bapt.  22nd 
Feb.,  1735,  at  St. 
Margaret's,  West- 
minster (/)  ;  living 
unmarried  iSll  (/). 
Dorothy,  born  24th 
May ;  bapt.  10th 
June,  1737  (/) ; 
married  Lowlher 
Rutter  of  Ripon  ; 
buried  at  Doncaster 
in  1809  (/). 


George  Bacon, 
baptised  27th 
July,  i7i7(/0; 
was  mentioned 
in  his  grand- 
father's will ; 
and  died  s.p.m. 
before  4th  Ap., 
1763. 


James  Bacon, 
bapt.  8th 
Aug.,  1720 
(Ji) ;  died 
s.p.m.  be- 
fore April 
4th,  1763. 


Susanna,  dau.  of 
William  Green 
of  Chelsea  ; 
mar.  loth  Dec, 
1745  ;  she  re- 
mar.  Samuel 
Lunn,  and  died 
in  1811  (/). 


r 


Margaret,  born  1746,  only  child, 
mar.  George  Hassell,  Recorder 
of  Ripon,  and  died  in  1772-  %[/ 


Ferdinando  Bacon,  = 
baptised  February 
5th,  1 72 1/2  (li)  ;  of 
Pembroke  College, 
O.fon.  ;  matric.  i6th 
October,  1739,  aged 
16;  B.A.  1743,  M.A. 
1746  (0)  ;  assumed 
the  name  of  Forster; 
of  Newcastle,  1753 
(v)  ;  died  at  Bath, 
j./*.m.,  2  5th  January, 

1756  (0. 


=  Catherine,  dau. 
of  James  Ag- 
new  of  Bishop 
Auckland  ; 
she  is  stated 
to  have  re- 
married,Nov., 
1756,  R.V.  B. 
Johnston  of 
.Annandale, 
afterwards  a 
baronet  (/). 


I      I      I     I 

Barbara,  bp.  .  .  .  171 1  (//). 

Frances,  mar.  15th  May, 
1735, Henry  Wastell,  rec- 
tor of  Simond-burn  (/5), 
and  was  bur.  at  Haydon, 
2Sth  -Aug.,  1747  (</). 

Isabel,bpt.  25th  June,  1711 
(b)  ;  mar.  at  St.  Oswald's, 
Durham,  Dec,  1740,  Sir 
William  Carr  of  Etal. 

Margaret,  bapt.  i6th  .April, 
1716  (h);  mar.  William 
Fenwick  of  BJ^vell  (/'). 


Lady  Catherine  Turnour, 
daughter  of  Edward,  earl 
of  Winterton,  married  at 
Haddington,  1 778  (/)  ; 
died  at  Newton  Cap  18th 
January  ;  buried  25th 
Januarj',  17S0  (J^  (a). 


William  Bacon  Forster  of  Staward,  Stj-- 
ford,  Newton  Cap,  and  Adderston,  son 
and  heir  ;  born  17th  August  (Ji)  ;  bapt. 
14th  September,  175S  (Ji)  ;  of  Trinity 
College,  0.\on.  ;  matric.  2nd  March, 
1776,  aged  17  (0)  ;  died  intestate  15th 
April  (,4)  ;  buried  l8th  April,  1780  (Ji). 


=  Frances,  daughter  of  Nat.  Pewterer  of  Ferry- 
hill  ;  articles  before  marriage,  20th  Feb., 
I78o(/0;  married  23rd  Feb.,  1780;  she 
remarried  at  St.  Clement  Danes,  29th 
.August,  17S9,  WiUiam  Bentham  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  and  of  Upper  Gower  Street, 
St.  Pancras  (JC). 


William  Bacon  Forster  of  Staward,  St)'ford,  and  Newton  Cap,  posthumous  and  only  child  ;  : 
born  29th  November,  1780  (/)  ;  of  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge;  admitted  to  Lincoln's  Inn 
22nd  December,  1800  ;   had  Royal  License,  1st  February,  1802,  to  discard  the  name  of 
Forster  ;  died  at  Sidmouth,  4th  April,  1810  ;  buried  at  Exeter  ;  will  dated  19th  February, 
1810  ;   proved  at  London  (/). 


;  -Anne,  niece  of  Heniy  .Mor- 
ley  of  Ely  (/)  ;  articles 
before  mar.  28th  Sept., 
1805  ;  died  23rd  July, 
1813,  aged42  {x). 


Elizabeth  = 
Hurst,  mar. 
June,  1784 
(/) ;  died  at 
Causey 
Park,  Nov., 
1785,  in 
childbed  (>») 
s.p.  ;  first 
wife. 


: John  Bacon  = 
Forster,  second 
son,  some  time 
at  Causey  Park, 
at  Hartlawand 
at  Newcastle  ; 
died  at  Causey 
Park  ;  buried 
at  Long  Hors- 
ley,  May,  1799 
(/);  will  dated 
22nd  April, 
1799  O)- 


Sarah  Beaver, 
married  July, 
1786  («0  ; 
died,  aged 
24,  1st  Dec, 
1 791  ;  bur. 
Long  Hors- 
ley  (/)  ;  2nd 
wife. 


I 

Mary   Lilliat,  Charles     Bacon    forster    of- 

daughter    of  Adderston,  third  son  ;   born 

Richard  at  Newton  Cap  ;  some  time 

Drinkwater  of    the    2nd    Regiment    of 

of  Durham  ;  Foot ;  was  residing  at  Dur- 

married  21st  ham    in    181 1,    then    aged 

June,      1792  about  53  years  ;    succeeded 

(/)  ;      men-  to    Staward     and    Styford 

tioned  in  her  under  the  will  of  his  nephew, 

husband's  William  Bacon  ;    discarded 

will ;  living  a  the  name  of  Forster ;   died 

widow,  1813;  l8th   Sept.,   1830,  aged   70 

third  wife.  (/). 


Dorothy,  daughter  of 
Marmaduke  Grey  of 
Kyloe,  and  sister 
and  heiress  of  Mar- 
maduke Grey  of  the 
same  place  ;  born 
at  Craster  ;  baptised 
2nd  Dec,  1761 ; 
married  at  Emble- 
ton  19th  April,  1790; 
died  at  Whitburn 
7th  July,  1836, 
aged  74  (/). 


John  William  Bacon  Forster,  born  at  Hartlaw  ;  baptised  4th 

May,  1787  (k)  ;  living  at  Madras  in  1813  (/). 
Charles  Edward  Bacon  Forster,  baptised  17th  January,  1789 
(/)  ;  living  at  Madras  in  1813  (/). 
[Descendants  of  one  or  both  of  these  brothers  are  believed 
to  be  living.] 


Richard  Bacon  Forster,  born  at  Newcastle,  13th 

February  ;  baptised  23rd  April,  1794  (Ji)  (/). 
George  Bacon,  born  at  Newcastle,  nth  January, 

1795  (/)■ 
Mary  Lilliat,  born  24th  March,  1796  (/). 
Catherine  Elizabeth,  born  7th  June,  1797  (/). 


sTyford  township. 


237 


I 

John  William 
Bacon,  son 
and  heir,  born 
1st  May, 

1794     W; 

died  8th  Jan., 
1S26  (/). 


Charles  Bacon  of  Sta\vard  =  Emily,  daughter 


and  Styford,  born  1st 
January,  1 796  {/i)  ; 
assumed  the  additional 
name  of  Grey  in 
1823  on  succeeding  to 
the  estates  of  his  uncle, 
Marmaduke  Grey  of 
Kyloe  ;  died  1st  Sept., 
1855,  aged  59  (/). 


of  Sir  William 
Loraine  of 
Kirkharle,  bt.; 
marr.  at  Gos- 
forth,  15th 
January,  1S33 
(/)  ;  died  6th 
January,  1878, 
aged  72  (/). 


Thomas 
Bacon, 
born  4th 
Aug., 
1799 


I  I 
Eleanor,  born  at 
Adderston,  Mar, 
nth,  1791  {/{)  ; 
married  at  By- 
well  St.  Andrew, 
June  6th,  1820, 
Francis  Johnson 
of  Low  Newton 

C//). 

Sarah,    born    4th 
May,  1792  (h). 


I    I 

Jane,  born  2nd  August,  1797 
(//)  ;  married  at  Bywell  St. 
Andrew,  21st  July,  182 1, 
Thomas  Coleman  Welch, 
clerk  in  orders,  of  Paltis- 
hall,  Northampton.  ^ 

Frances,  born  7th,  baptised 
20th  August,  1799  (^) 
(.^)  ;  married  Christopher 
Ferguson  of  Bishopwear- 
mouth,  surgeon. 


William  Bacon  Grey 
of  Staward,  Styford 
and  Kyloe  ;  born 
7th  Nov.,  baptised 
17th  December, 
1833,  at  Gosforth  ; 
died  unmarried, 
i3thDec.,  I86l(/). 


J 

Charles  Bacon 
Grey, born  l8th 
March,  bajit. 
2Isl  April, 

1835;  died  Jan., 
30th,  1845  (/). 


Henry  Bacon  Grey 
of  Staward,  Styford, 
and  Kyloe ;  born 
25th  July,  baptised 
29th  September, 
1837  >  died  unmar., 
28lh      Feb.,      1884 


John  William 
Bacon  Grey, 
born  August 
28lh,  bapt. 
4th  October, 
1838  ;  died 
15th  Oct., 
I S78,  unmar- 
ried. 


(a)    Allemiale  Register. 

(Ji)  St.  Andrew  Register ^  Auckland. 

(c)    Hay  lion  Register. 

{ti )  Warden  Register, 

(e)    Bvwell St.  A ndrew  Register. 

(/)  M.I.  Bywell  St.  Andrew. 

C?)  Bamhurgh  Register. 

I^h')  Miss  Bacon  Grey's  Papers. 

(./)   Raine,  Test.  Ebor. 

{/)   Raine,  Test.  Dunehn. 


(k)  Sharp,  Test.  Dunehn. 

(/)  Pedigree   of    Bacon  ;     Hodgson, 

Northumberland,   pt.   ii.   vol.    iii. 

pp.  374-376. 
(m)  Nicholas  Bro^vn's  Diary. 
(h)  Shiliiottle  Register. 
{0)    Foster,  .A/urnni  0.xotiienses. 
(/)  Newcastle  Couraut,  2  3id  January, 

1748  ;  Kirkmerringlon  Register. 


Edward  Bacon  Emily  C.  Bacon  Grey,  sis- 
Grey  ;  died  ter  and  co-heiress,  now 
at  New  York,  of  Staward,  Styford,  and 
U.S.A.  6th  Kyloe. 
June,  18S6,  Lucy  Bacon  Grey,  sister 
unmarried.  and  co-heiress  ;  mar.   at 

He.xham,  1890,  Michael 
Grace  Guiry  of  London, 
barrister-at-law. 

((/)  Cf.   Biographical  notice,   Gentleman's 
Magazine,  1752. 

(;•)  Newcastle  Courant,  2nd  May,  1767. 

(j)  Newcastle  .Advertiser,  7th  July,  1 792. 

(/)   Newcastle  Courant,  7th  Feb.,  1756. 

{11')  Newcastle  Courant,  29th  Jan.,  1780. 

(i/)  Subscribers'  List,  Warburton,   Vallum 

Romanum,  published  in  1753- 
(7(0  iM.I.  Haydon. 
(.v)  M.I.  Ely  Cathedral. 


BACON    OF   SEAFIELD,   ISLE   OF   MAN. 

JosEl'H  B.ACON,  4th  son  of  John  Bacon  of  Staward,  born  ci'ca  1694,  settled  in  the  =  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  James 
Isle  of  Man  in  1724,  and  died  there  14th  May,  1728  ;  buried  at  Kirk-Christ-  I  Christian  of  MiUtown,  Isle 
Lezayre  (a).  I        of  Man  ;  mar.  1726  (e). 

I 


1st,  Jane,  daughter  =  John  Joseph  Bacon  of  Douglas,  born  8th  ■■ 


of  W.  Johnston  ; 
died  2Sth  Aug., 
1781    (e). 


July,  172S  ;  named  in  the  will  of  his 
paternal  grandfather  ;  died  22nd  April, 
1809  ;  bur.  at  Kirk-Onchan  (/<)■ 


2nd,  Anne,  daughter  of  Joseph  Cosnahan  of  Ballavilley 
(now  called  Seafield),  vicar  of  Kirk-Braddan  ;  born 
27th  January  1760  (e)  ;  married  17S2  {e)  ;  died  27th 
February,    1835  ;  buried  Kirk-Onchan  (b). 


I    I    I    I    i 

John  Errington,  born  1760  (c)  ;  died  s.p.  1780  (c). 
Joseph,  horn  1760  ;  died  1765  (c). 
Joseph,  born  1770  ;  died  s.fl.  1805  (c). 
James,  born  1771  ;  died  i./.  1789  (c). 
William,  born  1774  ;  died  s./>.  1805  (c). 


I    I    I    I    II 
Isabella,  born  1750  ;  died  1792  (<;)• 
Jane,  born  1761  ;  died  1800  (c)- 
Elizabeth,  born  1762  ;  died  1793  (c). 
Frances,  born  1766  (c). 
Margaret,  born  1768  ;  died  1792  (c). 
Christian,  born  1773  ;  died  1808  (c). 


I    I 
CtEsar,  born  1787 
(c)  ;   died  1790 

(0- 
Julius,     died     in 
infancy  (r). 


Caesar  Bacon  of  Seafield  ;  captain, 
23rd  Light  Dragoons ;  born 
3rd  May,  1791  ;  married  23rd 
April,  1825  (c)  ;  died  29th 
May,  1876  ;  buried  Kirk- 
Onchan   (c). 


Frances  Hale,  daughter 
of  Cornelius  Smelt, 
lieut.-col.  North  York 
militia  and  Lieut. - 
Governor  of  Isle  of 
Man  {c). 


I    I    I    I 

Anne,  born  1783  ;  died  1787  (c). 

Ciceley,  born  1785  ;  died  1802  (c). 

Anne,  born  1788  ;  died  1791  (c). 

Catherine,  born  1789;  mar.  i6th 
April,  18 ri,  Richard  Murray, 
colonel,  5th  regiment  (c).  ^ 


John  Joseph  Bacon  : 
of  Seafield,  capt. 
95th       regiment, 
born    1 6th    Dec, 
1837  W- 


I 


Catherine  Isabella,  dau.  of 
John  Teschemaker  of 
Amesfoort,  Demerara, 
afterwards  of  E.xmouth  ; 
married  29th  March, 
i86g(cv 


I    I 
Cornelius  Ca;sar,  born 
1839  ;     died    1840 


(0. 

R 

jbert 

Ccesar, 

born 

1841 

; 

died 

s./.. 

1S82 

CO 

John  Ccfsar  Bacon  of  Seafield,  born  26th  February  1870  (c). 
i^a)  M.I.  Kirk-Christ-Lezayre.  (<})  M.I.  Kirk-Onchan. 


I    I    I    I    I. 
Anne  Cornelia,  born  1S26  ; 

1S92  (c). 
Frances    Hale,    born    1827 

H.  MacDougal  (c)-  4, 
Catherine  Mary,  born  1829 

27th  March,  1S70  (c). 
Ciceley  Mary,  born  and  died  18  31  (c). 
Mary  Anne,    born    1832  ;    married    Rev, 

Veysey  (c). 

(c)  ^v  in/.  Mr.  J.  C.  Bacon,  1900. 


died  unmarried 

married    Rev. 

died  unmarried 

J. 


238  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    ANDREW. 

Certain  lands  in  Spiridene  comprising  a  toft  and  thirty  acres  of  land 
formerly  worth  1 6s.  were  held  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec  by  John  de  Middleton 
at  the  time  of  his  rebellion,'  and  in  an  extent  of  lands  made  in  1322-23,  these 
same  lands  were  stated  to  be  worth  i6s.  in  time  of  peace,  but  then  were 
worth  nothing.-  In  1391  Jacoba,  widow  of  Sir  John  de  Stryvelyn  of  Belsay, 
died  seised  of  two  husband  lands  in  the  vill  of  Spiriden,  held  of  Ralph  de 
Hastings  by  the  service  of  id.,  but  they  were  at  that  time  of  no  value  on 
account  of  the  Scottish  raid.'  Five  years  afterwards,  it  was  stated  that 
the  two  tenements  and  thirty  acres  of  land  in  Speryden,  held  of  the  lord  of 
Bolbec  in  socage  by  Sir  John  de  Middleton  and  Christina  his  wife,  were 
worth  1 2d.  a  year." 


THE   TOWNSHIP   OF   BYWELL  ST.   ANDREW. 

The  township  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  represents  that  moiety  of  the  vill 
of  Bywell  which  belonged  to  the  barony  of  Bolbec.  It  comprises  an  area 
of  224  acres  abutting  on  the  Tyne,  together  with  si.\  detached  portions  of 
178  acres,  402  acres  in  all.^ 

About  the  year  1240,''  Roger  de  Caldecotes  and  Matilda  his  wife,  and 
Gilbert  de  Herle  and  Mariota  his  wife,  held  the  moiety  of  Bywell  from 
Hugh  de  Bolbec  by  the  service  of  one  knight's  fee  of  the  old  feoffment.^ 
Owing  to  the  union  of  the  baronies  of  Bolbec  and  Bywell  in  the  same 
lord,  the  history  of  the  several  moieties  of  the  vill  of  Bywell  cannot  be 
clearly  traced,  but  William  Lawson  of  Cramlington,  who  was  seised  of  lands 
in  Bywell,  Birkenside,  and  Whittonstall,  died  on  the  27th  of  May,  1480,  his 
sister  and  heiress  being  '  domina  '  Isabel  Boynton,  widow,  then  sixty  years 
of  age.'*     Dame  Isabel   Boynton    was  succeeded  by  a   cadet  branch  of  the 

'  /)((/.  ad  quod  damnum,  12  Edw.  II.  No.  121.     Inquiry  taken  at  Newcastle,  January  4th,  1318/9. 

■Ibid.  16  Edw.  II.  No.  67. 

"  Inq.p.m.  14  Ric.  II.  No.  47.     C/.  Inq.  p.m.  2  Ric.  II.  No.  49.  '  Inq.  p.m.  20  Ric.  II.  No.  37. 

^  The  township  of  Bywell  St.  .Andrew  was,  by  an  order  of  the  Local  Government  Board,  dated  20th 
December,  1886,  added  to  the  reconstructed  township  of  Bywell  and  to  the  townships  of  Bearl  and 
Newton-hall. 

'  Testa  de  Nevill,  p.  382. 

'  The  dividing  line  between  the  'old'  and  the  'new'  feoffments  was  the  death  of  Henry  I.  in  1135. 
All  fees  existing  at  that  date  were  of  the  antiquum  feoffamentum ;  all  fees  created  subsequently  were  of 
the  novum  feoffamentum.     Cj.  Mado.x,  Baronia  Anglica,  p.  29,  and  Round,  Commune  of  London,  p.  59. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Will.  Lawson,  20  Edw.  IV.  No.  64  ;  taken  at  Newcastle,  l6th  March,  1480/1. 


BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW    TOWNSHIP. 


239 


Lawson'  family,  who  continued  to  hold  lands  in  Bywell  until  the  beginning 
of  the  seventeenth  century.  They  were  connected  by  marriage  with  the 
Hodgsons  of  Newcastle  and  Hebbuni,  and  the  Widdringtons  of  Healey. 

Lawson  of  Bywell  =  


Edward  Lawson  of 
Bywell  Andrew, 
and  owner  of  lands 
at  Prestwick-hall  ; 
will  dated  l8th 
April,  1580  (a). 


I 

Barbara,    dau.     John   Lawson 

ofJohnWid-       of       Bywell, 

drington      of       gentleman, 

Healey  (a).         dead    before 

l8th       Oct., 

I579W- 

John  Lawson,  to  whom  his  father  gave  his  lands  in 
Prestwick-hall  (a). 

James  Lawson,  to  whom  his  father  gave  lands  in 
Corbridge,  and  his  uncle  Alexander  a  contingent 
interest  in  a  house  in  Pilgrim  Street,  Newcastle  («). 

Edward  Lawson  (a). 

Jane,  to  marry  James  Shafto  (a). 

Agnes  (a).  Elizabeth  (a).  Margaret  (a). 

Catherine,  living  1570  (a). 


I 
Alexander  Lawson 
of  Newcastle,  mer- 
chant adventurer ; 
apprenticed  1547-48 
to  \Vm.  Lawson  of 
Newcastle,  booth- 
man  (/<);  will  dated 
4th  April,  1580 
(a) ;  buried  at  St. 
Nicholas's,  New- 
castle, 6th  April, 
1580(0. 


Margaret,  widow 

of Shield; 

dead  before  the 
date  of  her  hus- 
band's will. 


Martin,  living 
4th  April,  1580 
(a)  ;  will  dated 
l5thNov.l58i, 
pr.  1584  ;  to  be 
buried  '  in  my 
parishechurche 
of  Sanct  An- 
drew Bywell ' 
(rf). 

Jane,  married 
...  Thompson, 
living  1 580  (rt). 


George  Lawson,  sole  executor  of  his  father's  will  (a),  being 
then  under  age  (a). 


Robert  Lawson,  son  of  John  Lawson  of  Bywell,  apprenticed  l8th  October,  1579,  =  Agnes 
to  his  uncle,  Alexander  Lawson  ;    set  over  to  Richard   Hodgson   19th  Jan., 
1580/1  (/<)  ;   free  of  the  Merchants'  Company  before  1st  June,  1590  ((5)  ;  men- 
tioned in  his  uncle's  will  (a).  

I 


bur.  1st 
Nov.  1 602 
(.c). 


John  Lawson,  named  in  the 
will  of  his  uncle  Edward, 
1 8th  April,  1580  (a). 


Henry  Lawson  (c).  George  (c). 

(a)  Wills  of  Edward   Lawson  of  Bywell,  Alexander  Lawson  of  Newcastle,  and  John  Widdrington   of  Temple 
Healey  ;  Dttrhiim  Wills  and  Inventories^   Raine,  vol.  i.  pp.  321,  431-433. 

(Ji)  Newcastle  Merchant  Adventurers,  Dendy,  vol.  ii.      Surt.  Soc.  No.  loi. 

Ic)  Life  of  Mrs.  Dorothy  Lawson  of  St.  .inthony's :    Newcastle,   1854.  (a')  Raine,  Test.  Dunehn. 

April  iSth,  1580.  Will  of  Edward  Lawsone,  gent.,  of  the  parish  of  Bywell  Androu.  My  body  to  be 
buryed  in  the  churche  porche  in  my  parish  church  with  my  deuties  doinge.  To  my  six  (younger) 
children,  Jene,  James,  Agnes,  Elsabethe,  Edward  and  Margret,  ffto  apiece;  my  wife  Barbary  to  have 
her  thirds  C|iieitlie  of  all  my  lands  and  goods  and  leasses.  I  give  Prestwyck-hall,  the  demain,  with  the 
apptntenancs,  to  my  eldest  son  ;  to  Mr.  Cuthbert  Carnaby  of  Halton,  6s.  Sd. ;  to  my  god-dowghter, 
Mabell  Carnabye,  one  ewe;  to  Mr.  Rawff  Lawsonne,  los.;  to  Mr.  Henry  Lawsone,  los.;  to  Mr.  Richard 
Hodshone,  Mr.  William  Hodshonne,  Mr.  Robert  Hodshonne,  los.  apiece;  and  to  Mr.  Robert 
Wetherington,  my  brother-in-law,  6s.  8d.;  I  forgeve  Georg  Lawsonne  of  Newton-hall  all  the  debt  which 
he  owethe  me;  to  Henry  Nicolson,  6s.  Sd.;  to  his  wif,  los.;  and  my  brother's  son,  John  Lawsone,  los. 
My  sister  Janet  shall  have  every  yeare  one  lood  of  rye,  one  booll  of  malt,  and  one  boole  of  otts  during 
her  lifif.  I  geve  tnito  Robert  Thomson,  her  sonne,  205.;  to  Robert  Lawsonn,  my  brother  sone,  20s., 
desiring  Mr.  Rawff  Lawsonne  to  be  good  unto  him  and  help  him.  I  will  that  my  brother  Martin  shall 
have  meat  and  drink  abowt  this  hows  during  his  liff  without  controling  or  checking  of  any  person.  To 
Elsabethe  Wetheringtonne,  one  kovv  ;  to  Agnes  Wetherington,  one  qwy  ;  to  Elsabeth  Sympson,  one  qwy  ; 
to  my  godsonne  Edward  Newton,  one  gymmer ;  to  iny  godsonne  William  Lawson  of  Newton-hall,  one 
gymmer  ;  to  one  of  Roger  Fenwycke  children  which  I  am  godfather  unto,  one  gymmer.  I  forgeve  James 
Lawsonne  the  debt  that  he  is  owen  mee.  I  geve  unto  John  Lawson  of  Newton-hall,  2s.;  to  Marmaduke 
Fenwyk,  los.;  and  to  his  brother  Roger,  los.;  to  John  Thewe,  the  black  vicar,  ss.  My  six  (younger) 
children  executors.  I  appount  Mr.  Rawffe  Lawson,  esqier,  Mr.  Henry  Lawsonne  of  Neasome  (?),  Mr. 
William  Hodshonne  of  the  Manor-hous,  and  yong  James  Shaftoo,^  if  he  mary  my  doughter  Jene,  to  be 

'  George  Lawson  of  Bywell,  gent.,  living  19th  March,  1524,  was  at  that  time  the  last  feoffee  of  the 
lands  of  the  chantry  of  St.  Mary  in  the  chapel  of  Morpeth.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  ii.  p.  399. 

-  It  is  probable  that  James  Shafto  did  marry  Jane  Lawson,  for  a  person  of  his  surname  was  in 
possession  of  Prestwick  in  1663.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  258. 


240 


THE    PARISH    OF    TIVWEI.T.    ST.    ANDREW 


my  supervisors  of  this  my  last  will,  and  to  sc  that  my  wif  and  children  be  not  wronged,  as  my  special 
trust  is  in  them.  And  I  appoint  my  eldest  sonne  John  and  my  wif  Barbary  Lawson  to  be  governed, 
ruled  and  defended  by  Mr.  Rawff,  as  my  special  trust  is  in  hime.  I  geve  unto  my  sonne  James  Lawsonne 
the  land  with  all  the  appurtenances  in  Corbridge.' 

In  1608  John  Lawson  of  By  well  was  one  of  the  freeholders  who  owed 
suit  and  service  within  the  baronies :  he  seems  to  have  also  held  the  lands 
belonging  to  his  mother's  family  at  Healey,  but  no  freeholder  of  the  name 
appears  upon  the  Book  of  Rates  in  1663,  and  from  that  time  this  small 
holding  has  been  merged  in  the  larger  estate  held  successively  by  the 
Fenwicks  and  Beaumonts. 

Bywell-hall  was  built  about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century,  after 
designs  by  Paine,  who  was  also  the  architect  of  Belford-hall,  Gosforth-house, 
and  other  houses  in  the  county.  It  is  built  of  freestone  obtained  from  a 
quarry  at  Acomb.      Wallis,  writing  about  1769,  describes  it  as  situated 

'in  a  bounded,  low,  but  delightful  situation,  beautifully  rural,  by  the  banks  of  the  river  Tyne,  having  a  grass 
lawn  before  it  to  the  south,  with  a  dwarf  wall  and  a  high  road  between  it  and  the  river,  the  south  borders  of 

which  are  adorned  with  stately  oaks 
and  other  forest  trees,'  and  some  pieces 
of  statuary,  which  on  a  sunny  day  are 
finely  imaged  by  the  water.  To  the 
east  it  has  in  view  not  only  a  pleasant 
garden  noted  for  early  productions,  but 
also  two  churches  within  so  small  a 
distance  almost  as  a  stone's  cast  from 
each  other,  a  salmon  weir,  two  pillars 
of  stone  in  the  river  which  formerly 
supported  a  bridge.' ' 

To  this  building  additions 
have  recently  been  made  by 
the  present  owner.  On  a 
spot*  near  the  entrance  gates, 
and  on  the  south  side  of  the 
drive,  the  ancient  village 
cross  stood  until  1852,  when 
it  was  transferred  to  its 
present  position  to  the  east 
of  the  road  leading  to  St. 
Peter's  church. 


BvwELL  Village' Cross. 


'  Durham  Wills  and  Inventories,  Raine,  vol.  i.  p.  432.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  2. 

'  For  some  notices  of  the  trees  at  Bywell,  see  Nat.  Hist.  Trans.  Northd.  and  Durham,  vol.  v.  p.  74. 
^  Wallis,  Northumberland,  vol.  i.  p.  57,  vol.  ii.  p.  150.      The  house  replaced  an  older  structure  ;    cf. 
Mackenzie,  Northumberland,  vol.  ii.  p.  351.  *  Marked  on  the  old  six-inch  Ordnance  maps. 


I 


& 


■i>^i:'    '^  ;:-J  ^'p 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 


241 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

When  Walter  de  Bolbec  founded  the  abbey  of  Blanchland,  in  1165, 
he  endowed  the  Norbertian  canons  there  with  the  church  of  Bywell,  with 
its  chapels  of  Styford,  Shotley,  and  Apperley.^  The  ordination  of  St. 
Andrew's  vicarage,  which  is  no  longer  extant,  took  place  before  the  year 
1 29 1,  as  is  shown  by  the  entries  in  Pope  Nicholas's  Taxation,  in  which"  the 
value  of  the  rectory  is  returned  at  £2"]  14s.,  and  that  of  the  vicarage  at 
£b  OS.  6d.^  In  131 5  the  bishop  of  Durham  issued  a  commission,  addressed 
to  the  archdeacon  of  Northumberland  and  others,  to  enquire  as  to  the 
right  of  presentation  to   the  vicarage   of   Bywell  St.  Andrew,  then  vacant 

by  the  cession  of  William  de 
Norton,  who  had  become  abbot 
of  Blanchland.^  Up  to  the 
period  of  the  dissolution  of  the 
monasteries,  the  abbot  and  con- 
vent almost  invariably  presented 
one  of  their  members  to  the 
bishop  for  institution  to  the 
benefice. 

Shortly  before  the  dis- 
solution, the  abbot  and  convent 
of  Blanchland  had  granted  the 
next  presentation  of  the  benefice,  apparently  in  connection  with  a  lease  of 
the  rectory,  to  John  Swinburne,  esq.,  and  Cuthbert  Blunt  of  Newcastle, 
merchant.  About  the  year  1564,  after  the  death  of  Henry  Spragon,  vicar 
of  St.  Andrew's,  there  was  a  dispute  about  the  nomination  of  his  successor. 
Barbara,  the  widow  of  Cuthbert  Blunt,  through  Thomas  Blunt,  her  son, 
presented  David  Taylor,  while  John  Swinburne  had  presented  Thomas 
Brown,  rector  of  Whitfield,  '  a  person  of  good  and  honest  fame.'  An 
inquest,  dc  jure  patronatus,  was  held  in  St.  Andrew's  church  on  May  24th, 

'  Dugdale,  Monastkon,  ed.  Caley  and  Ellis,  vol.  vi.  p.  886. 

■■'  Pope  Nicholas's  Taxation.     Hodgson,  Northtnnbcrland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  350. 

^  September,  1315.  'Item  dicunt,  quod  abbas  et  conventus  (de  Alba  Landa)  sunt  veri  patroni 
ejiisdem,  et  ultimo  piaeseutarunt  ad  eandcm,  et  sunt  in  possessione  praesenlandi  ;  ct  dicunt  quod  valet, 
tempore  pacis,  centum  solidos,  nee  est  pensionaria  alicui,  vel  litigiosa.'  Bishop  Kcllatcc's  Register,  Rolls 
Series,  vol.  ii.  p.  726. 


BvwELL  St.  Andrew's  Church,  1824. 


Vol.  VI. 


31 


242  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

1564,  when  Swinburne  obtained  a  declaration  in  his  favour.'  The  lease 
to  Swinburne  and  Blunt  having  expired,  a  new  lease,  for  a  term  of  21 
years,  of  a  moiety  of  the  rectory  was  granted  on  the  19th  June,  1579,  to 
William  Simpson,  senior,  at  the  reserved  rent  of  £1  6s.  8d.,  '  also  to  keep 
in  good  repair  the  moiety  of  the  chancell.'-  The  other  moiety  came  into 
the  hands  of  Anthony  RadclifFe  and  Gilbert  Swinburne,  against  whom  John 
Ward  brought  a  suit  in  1586.' 

On  the  loth  October,  1607,  the  rectory  and  church  of  Bywell  St. 
Andrew,  '  in  consideration  of  the  good,  true,  faithful  and  acceptable  service 
of  Thomas,  viscount  Fenton,  captain  of  the  Guard,'  were  granted  to  George 
Warde  and  Robert  Morgan,  gents.,  their  heirs  and  assigns,  to  hold  of  the 
king  as  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich,  at  the  reserved  rent  of  ^  6  13s.  4d.^ 
From  the  Crown  grantees  the  rectory  and  advowson,  after  passing  through 
the  hands  of  John  Heath  and  John  Tempest  of  Old  Durham,  who,  in 
1663,  were  assessed  for  the  same  at  :£i20  per  annum, ^  were  acquired  by 
the  family  of  Thornton  of  Netherwitton,  and  were  forfeited  to  the  Crown 
on  the  attainder  of  John  Thornton  in  1716. 

Before  his  attainder,  Mr.  Thornton  (who,  as  a  Roman  Catholic,  was 
disabled  from  exercising  the  right  of  presentation)  had  conveyed  the 
advowsons  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  and  Slaley  to  John  Aynsley,  a  solicitor 
in  Hexham,  in  trust,  subject,  however,  to  a  conveyance  previously  made 
to  Mr.  William  Fenwick  of  Bywell.*^  Although  the  bulk  of  the  family 
estates  were  purchased  from  the  Commissioners  of  Forfeited  Estates  by 
Mr.   Thornton's   eldest    son,   Thomas,   the    rectory   of   Bywell    St.   Andrew 

'  HunUv  MS.  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  Bywell  Guard  Book.  ■  Pat.  Rolls,  21  Eliz.  pt.  2. 

'  Exchequer  Depositions  by  Com.  29  Eliz.     38//!  Report  of  Deputy  Keeper  of  Public  Records,  p.  236. 

^  Pat.  Rolls,  5  James  I.  pt.  27. 

*  Book  of  Rates.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  344. 

"  Jo.  Aynsley  to  'John  Fenwick,  esq.,  att  his  house  in  Bywell.'  2nd  December,  1723.  'There  was  a 
conveyance  made  to  the  late  Mr.  William  Fenwick  of  those  two  presentations  (Bywell  St.  Andrew  and 
Slaley) ;  but  he,  att  the  same  time,  both  by  deed  and  bond  under  hand  and  seal,  declared  that  that 
conveyance  to  him  was  only  in  trust  for  Mr.  Thornton  and  his  heirs  ....  As  I  am  a  purchaser  for  a 
valuable  consideration,  I  am  determined  to  assert  my  right  ;  and  if  I  am  disturbed  in  the  enjoyment  of 
what  I  purchased,  I  must  have  recourse  to  Mr.  Thornton's  covenants  in  his  conveyance  to  me;  by  which 
he  is  obliged  to  maintain  my  title  thereto.'     F'rom  the  original  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Richard  Welford. 

Mr.  Carr,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  on  the  9th  February,  1724/5'  writes  to  Mr.  John  Fenwick, 
at  Bywell.  'I  received  the  account  of  a  living,  which  I  have  an  interest  in,  becoming  vacant,  last  Friday 
night ;  and  take  this  first  opportunity  of  acquainting  you  therew^ith  that  you  may  make  your  claim  (with 
all  convenient  speed  and  secrecy)  to  the  patronage  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  which  I  design  to  quit  at  or 
about  May-day.  If  the  circumstance  of  your  affairs  should  make  it  necessary  to  do  it  sooner,  in  order  to 
avoid  or  prevent  vexatious  opposition  of  your  title,  I  shall  not  stick  to  do  it,  hoping  I  shall  not  suffer 
with  you  upon  that  account.'     From  the  original  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Richard  Welford. 


CHURCH    OF    RYWELL    ST.    .ANDREW.  243 

was  sold  to  William  Smith  of  London,  between  whom  and  Aynsley 
and  Fenwick  disputes  arose,  which  were  only  settled  by  Mr.  Thornton 
buying  Smith  out.'  Finally,  by  deed  dated  22nd  December,  1743,'  the 
advowson  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  was  conveyed  by  Mr.  James  Thornton  of 
Netherwitton  to  John  Fenwick  of  Bywell,  and  it  has  since  been  possessed 
by  the  proprietor  of  Bywell  hall. 

The  church  of  St.  Andrew  has  to  a  large  extent  been  re-constructed 
in  modern  times,  though  the  ground  plan  has  been  preserved.  A  number 
of  stones,  having  architectural  details  upon  them,  now  lying  at  the  east 
end  of  the  chancel,  show  that  much  good  work  has  disappeared  and  that 
there  were  responds,  if  not  columns,  of  Early  English  date  in  the  church. 
It  consists  at  present  of  a  tower,  nave,  south  transept,  modern  north 
transept,  and  chancel  ;  all  the  ancient  parts,  with  the  exception  of  the 
prae -Conquest  tower,  appear  to  have  been  built  in  the  early  part  of  the 
thirteenth  century. 

The  chancel  arch  is  of  two  chamfered  orders,  with  plain  hood  moulding 
on  the  west  side.  The  inner  order  springs  from  moulded  corbels,  one  of 
which  is  enriched  with  the  nail-head  ornament.  The  jambs  are  modern. 
In  the  south  wall  of  the  chancel  at  the  east  end  is  a  small  piscina  which 
has  a  pointed  arch  without  jambs. 

The  transept  has  an  arch  of  two  chamfered  orders,  springing  from 
semi-octagonal  corbels  decorated  with  the  nail-head  moulding.  At  the 
south  end  is  a  window  of  two  lights,  the  head  of  which  is  shouldered, 
made  out  of  two  almost  contemporary  grave  covers,  one  of  a  man,  the 
other  of  a  woman.  At  the  south  end  of  the  east  side  is  a  small  piscina 
within  a  flat-pointed  arch. 

The  south  door  of  the  nave  is  pointed,  with  a  label  and  chamfered 
jambs  of  one  order ;  it  has  a  chamfered  dripstone  terminated  at  each  end 
by  a  head.  The  head  of  the  doorway  on  the  inside  is  a  grave  cover  of 
a  woman,  with  a  plain  Latin  cross  which  has  a  pair  of  shears  on  one 
side  of  it ;  the  shaft  of  the  cross  has  a  zigzag  of  two  incised  lines  along  it. 
The  edge  of  the  cover  is  chamfered,  and  apparently  has  been  ornamented 
with  an  incised  zigzag. 

'  iSth  March,  1723  :  Bargain  and  sale  from  the  Commissioners  of  Forfeited  Estates  to  WilHam 
Smith,  esq.,  of  the  rectory  and  tithes  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  and  Slaley,  and  of  the  moiety  of  the  prebend 
of  Chester-le-Street,  forfeited  on  the  attainder  of  John  Thornton.  Ex  Netherwitton  cartis ;  Rev.  John 
Hodgson's  Collection,  '  W,'  209  ;  cf.  Hodgson,  Northuinlierland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  pp.  31S,  32S. 

''  Miss  Hedley's  Deeds. 


244  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

The  tower  arch  seems  to  be  made  out  of  old  materials  reset;  it  is 
of  one  order,  with  a  chamfered  hood  mould.  The  imposts,  which  are 
chamfered  on  each  face,  are  returned. 

The  tower  is  the  part  of  the  church  which  possesses  the  highest 
interest,  not  only  on  account  of  its  antiquity,  but  from  the  striking  feature 
it  forms  in  the  landscape,  the  effect  of  which  it  greatly  enhances.  Among 
those  of  the  remarkable  class  of  towers  to  which  it  belongs,  it  may  claim 
to  hold  the  highest  place  in  the  county.  It  stands  in  close  neighbourhood 
to  others  of  similar  date  and  construction,  those  of  Ovingham  and  Corbridge 
belonging  to  adjoining  parishes,  that  of  Warden,  not  very  much  higher 
up  the  Tyne,  and  Bolam  at  no  great  distance  to  the  north. 

These  slender,  campanile-like  structures,  without  buttresses  and  with 
other  well-marked  characteristics,  into  the  consideration  of  which  it  is  not 
necessary  to  enter  in  this  place,  are  found  in  several  parts  of  the  Anglian 
area,  extending  from  Northumberland  to  Lincolnshire.  They  belong, 
probably,  to  a  period  not  long  before  the  Norman  Conquest,  when,  after 
various  vicissitudes,  the  land  had  become  peaceful  and  prosperous  under 
the  reign  of  Edward  the  Confessor. 

The  tower  of  St.  Andrew's  church,  as  has  already  been  remarked, 
is  as  fine  an  example  of  its  class  as  can  be  found  either  in  Northumberland 
or  elsewhere.  It  consists  of  four  stages,  and  is  fifty-five  feet  high,  measuring 
on  the  exterior  sixteen  feet  three  inches  from  north  to  south  on  the  west 
face,  fourteen  feet  ten  and  a  half  inches  from  east  to  west  on  the  north  face, 
and  fourteen  feet  nine  inches  on  the  south.  The  interior  measurements  are  : 
eleven  feet  three-quarter  inches  on  the  west  side,  eleven  feet  four  inches  on 
the  east  side,  nine  feet  eight  inches  on  the  north,  and  nine  feet  eleven  and  a 
half  inches  on  the  south  side.  The  west  wall  is  two  feet  seven  inches  thick, 
and  the  east  two  feet  three  inches.  The  tower  is  not  quite  square,  the 
angles  not  being  true  rectangles.  The  lowest  stage  opens  into  the  nave  by 
the  re-constructed  arch  already  mentioned  ;  it  has  an  early  window  on  the 
south  face,  of  the  same  date  as  the  tower,  and  a  modern  one  on  the  west 
face.  The  second  stage  has  on  the  west  face  a  plain  opening,  the  semi- 
circular head  of  which  is  cut  out  of  one  stone.  In  the  south  jamb  of  this 
window  on  the  inside,  part  of  the  shaft  of  a  cross  is  built  in.^  This  once 
stood,  there  can  be  no  doubt,  in  the  cemetery  attached  to  an  earlier  church, 

'  See  plate  of  grave  covers. 


V.  r-     *^ 


!^ 


.<< 


■7^. 


Wl 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW.  245 

probably  one  of  wood.  The  third  stage  has  only  one  opening  on  the 
south  face.  It  consists  of  a  semi-circular  headed  light,  the  head  being 
cut  out  of  one  stone,  and  has  a  strip  label  above  it  supported  on  flat 
pilasters  with  bases  and  capitals  similar  to  those  of  the  stage  above  it. 
The  fourth  and  upper  stage  is  separated  from  that  below  it  by  a  plain 
roughly-squared  projecting  string  course,  which  is  carried  round  all  the  four 
faces  of  the  tower.  There  is  on  each  face  a  double-light  opening  with  a 
mid-wall  circular  shaft  having  a  flat  impost,  which  extends  through  the  wall 
and  projects  a  little  beyond  its  exterior  surface.  Similar  imposts  in  the 
jambs  support  the  arch-formed  heads  of  the  lights,  which  are  each  cut  out  of 
one  stone,  the  outer  as  well  as  the  inner  sides  being  cut  to  a  semi-circle. 
The  whole  is  enclosed  within  semi-circular  hood  moulds  of  strip  work,  which 
spring  from  blocks  above  the  impost  stones,  and  are  supported  by  flat  pilaster 
shafts  on  bases,  which  project  beyond  the  sills.  The  tympana  within  the 
hood  moulds  contain  circular  openings  cut  out  of  one  stone,  and  without 
the  hood  moulds  on  either  side,  at  the  level  of  their  crowns,  are  similar 
circular  openings.  The  introduction  of  these  openings,  whatever  purpose  they 
may  have  served,  adds  greatly  to  the  effect  of  the  upper  stage  of  the  tower. 

A  number  of  grave  covers  were  found  at  the  re-building,  most  of  which 
are  now  built  into  the  walls  on  the  north  side  of  the  present  church,  others, 
already  mentioned,  form  parts  of  the  ancient  work.  In  all,  there  are 
seventeen  perfect  or  nearly  so  and  eleven  imperfect  or  fragmentary.  Nine 
have  swords  upon  them  and  the  same  number  have  shears.  One  which  has  a 
beautiful  cross-head  is  destitute  of  any  symbol.  The  others  which  have  some 
object  in  addition  to  the  cross  are,  two  with  a  heater-shaped  shield,  on  one 
of  which  is  a  lion  rampant,  the  arms  of  the  family  of  de  Insula  (Lisle)  of 
Newton,  the  other  being  plain  ;  one  with  a  rude  cross  has  a  round  buckler 
placed  on  the  sword  and  an  object  which  cannot  be  identified  ;  on  another  is 
a  hunting  horn  with  its  sling  ;  a  perfect  one  has  a  cross  with  a  head  of  great 
beauty,  which  resembles  a  flower  of  eight  petals  with  a  vein  down  the 
middle  of  each.  There  is  also  a  small  portion  of  a  cover  of  the  Domus 
ultima  type,  the  tiles  of  which  are  pointed. 

The  following  goods  belonged  to  By  well  St.  Andrew  in  1552: 

One  selver  challes,  xl  s.,  iiii  vestmentes,  iiii  alter  clothes,  iii  tyu-elles,  ii  crowettes,  ii  candellstykes  of 
brase,  ii  belles  in  the  stepell,  one  handbell,  a  saking  bell,  ii  corperaxes.' 

'  Inventories  of  Church  Goods,  Page,  p.  l66.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  97. 


246 


THE    PARISH    OF    RYWELI.    ST.    ANDREW. 


The  two  'belles  in  the  stepell '  are  probably  the  ancient  and  very 
interesting  bells  which  still  hang  in  the  tower.  The  church  possesses, 
with  some  modern  plate,  a  cup  inscribed  Bywcll  St.  Andrew^  1642.' 

At  the  close  of  the  eighteenth  century  a  fine  series  of  hatchments,  or 
'achievements,'  of  the  Fenwick  family  were  hung  on  the  walls  of  the  church." 

MONUMENT.'VL    INSCRIPTIONS. 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Charles  Bacon  of  Styford,  esq.,  who  died  -September  iSth,  1830,  aged  70 
years.     Also  of  Dorothy,  his  widow,  died  July  7th,  1S36,  aged  74  years. 

In  memory  of  John  William  Hacon,  esq.,  eldest  son  of  Charles  ISacon  of  Styford,  esq.,  who  died 
January  Sth,  1826,  aged  32  years. 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Charles  Bacon  Grey  of  Styford,  esq.,  who  died  September  ist,  1855,  aged 
59  years.     And  of  Emily,  his  w-ife,  who  died  January  5th,  1878,  aged  72  years. 

Charles  Bacon  Grey,  born  i8th  March,  1835,  died  30th  January,  1845. 

.Sacred  to  the  memory  of  William  Bacon  Grey  of  Styford,  esq.,  who  died  December  13th,  1861,  aged 
28  years  ;  and  of  Henry  Bacon  Grey,  also  of  Styford,  esq.,  who  died  February  28th,  1884,  aged  46  years. 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Laura  Maria  Teresa  Beauclerk  of  Riding-house,  wife  of  Lord  Charles 
Beauclerk,  and  daughter  of  Colonel  Edward  Stopford,  who  departed  this  life  on  the  29th  of  September, 
1858.  in  the  32nd  year  of  her  age. 

John  Fenwick,  esq.,  M.P.,  ob'.  December  19th,  1747,  aet.  50. 

Margaret,  wife  of  William  Fenwick,  esq.,  ob.  March  17th,  1769,  aet.  53. 

William  Fenwick,  esq.,  ob'.  August  27th,  1782,  aged  60. 

Sacred  to  the  beloved  and  respected  memory  of  William  Fenwick,  esq.,  who  died  November  the 
26th,  1802,  aged  53 ;  this  monument  is  affectionately  and  devoutly  ra  sed. 

In  loving  memory  of  George  Fenwick,  who  died  January  i6th,  1883,  aged  71  ;  of  Frances  Alice 
Fenwick,  who  died  April  3rd,  1884,  aged  62  ;  of  Francis  Fenwick,  who  died  October  21st,  1884,  aged  31  ; 
of  Hugh  Fenwick,  who  died  January  12th,  1893,  aged  49. 

Insignia  D.  Christophori  Hall,  de  Newsham,  co.  Dunelm.,  armigeri  qui  unicam  filiam  et  heredem  D. 
Blackiston  de  Chilton  ejusdem  com.  in  u.\orem  duxit,  idibus  Junii  anno  Christi  nato  1675  aetatis  suae 
octagesimo  quarto  fatis  concessit  ;  corpusque  ejus  in  hac  ecclesia  S.  Andreae  requiescit ;  cujus 
aeternam  memoriam  ejus  charissima  [filia]  D.  Catherina  Fenwick  de  Bywell,  maerens  posuit. 

Underneath  this  tombstone  is  interred  William,  son  of  Mr.  Oswald  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Hind 
of  Stelling,  who  departed  this  life  October  ye  24th,  1758,  aged  29.  He  was  greatly  esteemed  by  all  his 
acquaintances,  and  justly  lamented  by  his  friends.  A  little  to  the  south  from  this  stone  lies  the  body  of 
Mr.  Oswald  Hind  of  Stelling,  who  died  the  29th  August,  1781,  aged  75  years.  Also  the  body  of 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Hind,  wife  of  Oswald  Hind,  who  departed  this  life  January  9th,  1797,  aged  87  years. 
Also  the  body  of  Mr.  John  Hind,  son  of  the  above,  who  departed  this  life  Dec.  13th,  1800,  aged  53  years. 

'  Proceedings  of  Newcastle  Society  of  Antiquaries,  vol.  iii.  p.  129. 

^  The  Duke  of  Northumberland's  MSS.  The  series  comprised  the  following  hatchments  :  i.  William 
Fenwick  (died  1679-80),  or  his  wife  Catherine,  daughter  of  Christopher  Hall  of  Newsham,  co.  Durham. 
Fenwick  impaling,  argent,  a  chevron  engrailed  a'^ure  betiveen  three  talbots'  lieuds  sable;  on  a  chief  <f  the 
second  as  many  mullets  of  the  first,  for  Hall.  2.  William  Fenwick  (died  1719),  or  his  wife,  Susanna, 
daughter  of  John  Bacon  of  Staward.  Fenwick  iinpaling^,  gules,  on  a  chief  argent  tuv  mullets  sable, 
for  Bacon  (conventional).  3.  John  Fenwick  (died  1747).  Fenwick  impaling  argent  two  bars  and  in 
chief  three  escallops  azure,  for  Errington.      4.   Margaret  Fenivick  (died   1727).      Fenwick  with  Fenwick 

on  an  escutcheon  of  pretence.     5.  Alice  Fenwick  (died ),  same  as  No.  3.     6.  William  Fenwick 

(died  1782),  quartering  (2)  a  fess  bet-u'een  three  bears  (?  Lyham  borne  as  Strother),  and  (3)  a  lion  rampant 
within  a  bordure  engrailed  (Grey  of  Wallington),  impaling  ermine  a  boar  passant  azure  on  a  chief  or  two 
mullets  gules  (Pjacon  of  Staward,  granted  1752).  7.  Margaret  Fenwick  (died  1769),  same  as  No.  6. 
8.  Christopher  Hall  (died  1675),  quartering  sable  three  combs  argent  (Tunstal),  and  on  an  escutcheon  of 
pretence  argent  two  bars  and  in  chief  three  cocks  gules  (Blakiston)  ;  the  last  hatchment  is  still  preserved  in 
the  south  transept. 


CHURCH    OF    BYVVELL    ST.    ANDREW.  247 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Margaret  Hind  of  Ovington  Lodge,  who  died  the  I2th  of  February,  1S35, 
aged  86  years. 

Miss  Elizabeth  Hind,  Ovington  Lodge,  died  August  iSth,  1S15,  aged  82  years. 

Mrs.  Margaret  Johnson,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Johnson,  vicar,  died  May  i6th,  iSoi,  aged  50  years. 
Miss  Eleanor  Johnson,  died  March,  1802,  aged  27.  Miss  Mary  Johnson,  died  May  6th,  1S09,  aged 
32  years.  Miss  Jane  Johnson,  died  March  6th,  1813,  aged  33  years.  Miss  Julia  Johnson,  died  June 
20th,  1814,  aged  32  years.  Walter  H.  Johnson,  died  February,  1821,  aged  37.  The  Rev.  Henry 
Johnson,  vicar  of  Bywell,  died  February  8th,  182S,  aged  84  years. 

In  memory  of  Edward  Loraine,  esq.,  of  the  Riding,  who  died  February  i6th,  1882,  aged  78,  youngest 
son  of  Sir  William  Loraine,  bart.,  of  Kirkharle,  Northumberland.  Also  of  his  sister,  Caroline  Loraine, 
who  died  September  24th,  1888,  aged  86. 

Here  lieth  the  body  of  Robert  Robinson  of  Riding-mill,  who  departed  December  ye  i8th,  1735. 
.And  likewise  ye  body  of  Elianor,  wife  of  John  Doutflower  of  Riding-mill,  who  departed  November  13th, 
1735.     John  Boutflower,  died  September  ye  2nd,  1742,  aged  55. 

In  memory  of  Julia  Alice  Salvin,  who  died  March  31st,  1880,  aged  70  years. 

Erected  in  memory  of  Hugh  Shield  of  Broomhaugh  ;  he  died  December  21st,  1S40,  in  the  75th  year 
of  his  age. 

-Sacred  to  the  memory  of  John  Shield,  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  and  Broomhaugh,  who  departed 
this  life  6th  August,  1848,  aged  So  years.     Isabella  Shield,  died  14th  December,  1851,  aged  80  years. 

Ralph  Smith  of  Riding,  esq.,  ob'  March  25th,  1786,  aet.  64. 

Vicars  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew. 

William  de  Norton,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  was  elected  abbot  of  Blanchland  in  131 5  (t). 
1315.     Robert  de  Werkworth,  canon  of  Blanchland,  instituted  13th  September  {e). 

1353  {circa).     Gilbert  de  Mynstanacres,perpetual  vicar  of  Bywell, possessed  a  tenement  in  Corbridge  (g)  (d). 
1372  {circ(i).     Thomas  de  Ingleby,  'vicar  del  eglise  de  Bywell,'  occurs  6th  May,  1372  (r). 

William  de  Stokton  (rf). 
1403.     Hugh  de  Doram  per  res.  Stokton  {d). 
1431.     John  de  Hesilden,  after  the  death  of  Doram  [d). 
1448.     John  de  Derlington,  after  the  death  of  Hesilden  {d). 
1469.     John  de  Hertilpole,  after  the  death  of  Derlington  (d). 
1476  (circa).     John  Blakhos,  occurs  ist  April,  16  Edw.  IV.  (/i). 
1525  {circa).     John  Stamp,  canon  of  Blanchland  {b)  (if);  he  heads  the  list  of  Bywell  tenants  made  in 

152s  (/)• 

1534  (or  1535).  Henry  Spragen,  canon  of  Blanchland,  inst.  nth  August  after  the  resignation  of 
Stamp  (i)  {d). 

1564.  Thomas  Brown,  rector  of  Whitfield,  inst.  Sth  May,  1564,  after  the  death  of  Spragen,  on  the 
presentation  of  John  Swinburne  of  Chopwell,  and  Cuthbert  Blunt,  merchant,  assigns  of  the 
abbot  and  convent  of  Blanchland  {h)  (d). 

1 571.  Edmund  Robinson,  M.A.,  inst.  19th  July,  after  the  death  of  Brown,  on  the  presentation  of  the 
Queen  {b)  (rf),  also  vicar  of  Warkworth. 

1575.  William  Ashton,  inst.  13th  November  (a),  after  the  death  of  Robinson  on  the  presentation  of 
the  Queen  {b)  {dj.  His  will,  dated  3rd  February,  161 1,  was  proved  at  Durham  in  1613.  I  give 
the  lease  of  the  tenement  belonging  to  the  church  unto  the  next  vicar,  if  he  let  the  same  come 
to  the  next  vicar  after  him  ;  also  a  cubbord  in  the  hall  and  two  bedsteads,  a  great  chist  in 
the  lofte,  another  in  the  stable,  and  another  I  bought,  to  remain  and  chide  to  the  next  vicar, 
and  he  to  allow  the  dilapidation  for  the  same.  I  give  to  the  poor  of  the  parish  20s.,  to  be 
given  as  thought  meate  and  convenient  to  all  the  parish,  except  these,  John  Lawson,  George 
Lawson,  Henri  Foster  and  his  son  John,  John  Ridley,  nor  Peter  Driden,  and  these  to  have  noe 
sayeinge  of  anything  of  myne,  for  they  have  done  what  they  can  to  hurt  and  hinder  the  church 


248  THE    PARISH    OF    HVWKI.I,    ST.    ANDRKW. 

and  me  ;  to  Aynes  Wetheiinglon,  ^6  Ss.  41!.,  which  is  owen  unto  her,  she  also  to  have  my 
householil  stuff;  to  Bartholomew  I'cscod,  niy  iron  chimney  ;  to  Thomas  King,  £/],  in  tlie 
hands  of  John  Lawson  of  Hely,  and  the  other  ^3  in  the  hands  of  the  said  John  Lawson,  as 
his  bill  will  declare,  to  his  sone  Robert  Lawson.  I  give  a  boull  of  oatts  and  one  salmon  unto 
Mr.  Horsley  for  telling  John  Lawson  and  George  Lawson  how  damnable  a  thing  it  was  to  robb 
a  church  of  the  right  with  false  othes  ;  to  Clement  Fiekarwham  of  Hadon  Bridge,  6s.  ;  to 
Haydon  church,  2s.  ;  to  the  bridge,  2s.  ;  and  to  Newbrough  church,  2s.  I  give  nothing'  to 
Bywell  .\ndrew  church,  because  George  Lawson,  the  church  robber,  hath  all  the  sayinge  in  the 
parish  ;  and  for  Mr.  Foster  and  his  wife  they  will  pay  no  tithe  willingly,  but  1  cannot  blame 
them  soe  much  ;  to  Christopher  I'inkney,  my  best  capp  for  a  token  ;  to  Sir  James  Hobson,  a 
tippet ;  to  Catherine  EUerington,  two  sheepe  hoggs  in  the  hands  of  William  Horsley  ;  to 
William  Horsley,  his  sonne,  half  of  the  sheepe  in  keeping  for  me  ;  to  Agnes  Manlears  and  her 
sister  Jannett,  each  a  boull  of  rye.  I  appoint  Jeffrey  Farbricke  and  Thomas  Pescod  my 
executors,  to  divide  my  goods  among  my  friends,  that  is  to  say,  John  Cowper,  Ralph  Cowper, 
George  Farbricke  and  his  sister  Agnes,  and  Tliomas  Pescod's  children,  and  if  they  cannot 
agree  themselves,  then  I  will  my  goods  be  given  to  the  poor.  My  books  to  Bartholomew 
Pescod  and  his  father  ;  to  Mr.  Thomas  Horsley,  for  speakeing  the  truth  to  the  Lawsons,  a 
book  called  'Ramonde' ;  to  Elinor  Pescod,  my  great  pott.  Whereas  John  Lawson  and  George 
Lawson  saycth  I  forgave  the  ^10  unto  John  Lawson,  there  never  was  such  a  thingc,  as  1  must 
answer  before  God.  The  inventory  of  the  testator's  goods  amounted  to  ^52  5s.  4d.,  and  his 
debts  to  /"36  17s.  lod.  {m). 

161 1.  John  Hutton,  M.A.  (.''of  Queen's  coll.,  0.\on.),  instituted  12th  March,  gave  a  tenement  in  Bywell, 
called  Three  Quarter  Land,  to  the  benefice  (rf);  afterwards  vicar  of  Warden  {%). 

161S.     Thomas  Carter  per  res.  Hutton  (rf). 

1637.  Ralph  Carr,  inst.  26th  August,  after  the  death  of  Carter  (ii)  (rf),  on  the  presentation  of  the 
University  of  Cambridge  (ci)  ;  vicar  of  Warden,  1642,  of  .'Xlnham  and  of  Edlingham,  1662  (j). 

1643.  Andrew  Hall,  inst.  28th  June,  on  the  presentation  of  William  Radclyffe  (a)  ;  enfranchised  the 
tenement  called  Three  Quarter  Land  by  purchase  from  Sir  John  Fenwick  of  Wallington  (rf). 

1667.  Robert  Simpson  of  Queen's  coll.,  O.xon.,  matric.  9th  December,  1653  ;    B.A.   1657  ;   inst.   igth 

February,  1667,  after  the  death  of  Hall  {d);  vicar  of  Lazonby  and  rector  of  Long  Marton, 
Westmorland,  1661  ;  vicar  of  Warkworth,  1686  ;  bond  of  marriage  14th  December,  1668, 
Robert  Simpson  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  clerk,  and  Martha  Brown,  widow  (see  vol.  v. 
p.  186). 

1668.  George  Ritschell,  the  elder  (A),  also  curate  and  lecturer  of  He.xham,  buried  in  Hexham  quire 

30th  November,  1683  («)  (see  vol.  iii.  pp.  i6g,  172). 
1684  (?).     John  Fawcett  (?  of  Queen's  coll.  O.xon.  matric.  10th  July,  1635),  after  the  death  of  Ritschell  (rf). 
1690.     John    Ritschell,    after  the    cession    of  Fawcett  (rf),    son  of  George  Ritschell  of  Hexham  ;    of 

Trinity  coll.,  Oxon. ;  matric.  26th  March,   1680,  aged  18;  B.A.   from  St.  Alban  hall,   1683; 

incorporated  at  Cambridge  1687,  and  M.A.  from  Christ's  coll.,  1687.     Administration  of  his 

personal  estate  was  granted  at  Durham,  15th  August,    1705,  to  his  mother,  Jane  Ritschell  ; 

buried  in  Hexham  church  June  3rd,  1705  (k)  (/). 
1705.     John  Stewart,  after  the  death  of  Ritschell  (rf). 
171 1.     William  Dunn,  on  the  presentation  of  William  Fenwick,  esq.  {d). 
1718.     Joseph  Carr  of  Corpus  Christ!  coll.,  Oxon.,  matric.  nth  November,  1706,  as  son  of  Joseph  Carr  of 

Newcastle,  aged  16;  B.A.,  1710,  instituted  20th  March,  1718,  on  the  presentation  of  William 

Fenwick,  esq.  (a).       He  was  residing  at  Newcastle  in  1722,  when  he  polled  at  the  election  of 

knights  of  the  shire. 
1729.     Matthew  Robinson,  M.A.,  instituted  i8th  November,  1729,  on  the  presentation  of  William  Smith, 

esq.  (a).     He  was  residing  at  Bedlington  in  1734,  when  he  polled  at  the  election  of  knights  of 

the  shire. 
1757.      '-Richard  Fleming,  B.A.,  instituted  21st  .March,  after  the  death  of  Robinson,  on  the  presentation  of 

William  Fenwick,  esq.  {a). 


CHURCH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW.  249 

1778.     -John  Fleming,  M. A.,  of  Lincoln  coll.,  Oxon.,  matric.  1764;  B.A.  1767;  M.A.  1770;  instituted  3rd 

August,  177S,  on  the  presentation  of  William  Fcnwick,  esq.  (11)  ;   died  24th  December,  1789, 

aged  45  (k). 
1790.     -''Henry  Johnson,  instituted  25th  March,  on  the  presentation  of  William  Fenwick,  esq.  {a);  died 

8th  February,  1828,  aged  84  (A'). 
1828.     William  Railton.     He  was  residing  at  the  Riding  in   1832,   when  he  polled  for  glebe  lands  at 

Byvvell. 
1841.     Joseph  Birch,  of  Pembroke  Coll.,  Oxon.,  matric.  Sth  June,  1827;  B.A.  1831  ;  M.A.  1837;  vicar  of 

West  Teignmouth,  Devon,  from  1862  to  his  death,  4th  May,  1871. 
1843.     Joseph  Jaques,  M.A.,  previously  perpetual  curate  of  Allendale,  died  Sth  May,  1866,  aged  68  {k). 
1866.     Henry  Slater,  scholar  of  St.  Catherine  hall,  Cambridge;  B.A.  1S47  ;  M.A.  1857  ;  honorary  canon 

of  Newcastle  1889. 
1895.     George  Edward  Richmond  of  University  coll.,  Oxon.,  matric.  15th  October,   1S79  ;  B.A.   1881  ; 

M.A.  1887. 

;;;  Also  vicar  of  St.  Peter's  church. 

(a)  Public  Record  Office  Liluy  Inslitutionuin.  {g)   Deeds   in    .St.    Margaret's    Vestry,    Durham. 

(b)  Ex    Durhcim  Episcopal  Registers.      Rev.    John  /I n/i. /It-/,  (new  series)  vol.  ii.  p.  33. 

Hodgson's    Collection,    '  M,'    169,     185,    191,  (/;)  Ex    Hind   MSS.       Arch.    Acl.    vol.    ii.    (new 

195,  231.  series)  p.  127. 

(c)  /,uiisrfoiiv;t' i\/S.  326,  fol.  103,  b.  105.     Hodgson,  (/)    Hodgson,  iVo)'//iKmifW(iHJ,  pt.  ii.  vol.  iii.  p.  407. 

NortliHiithcrland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  ii.  p.  48.  (Jt)   M.I.  Bywell  St.  Andrew. 

{d)   KawAM,  Stale  of  the  Churches.  (I)    Bywell  St.  Andrew  Register, 

{c)    Bishop  Kellazae's  Register  (Rolls  series),  vol.  ii.  (;/;)  Durham  Probate  Registry. 

pp.  726,  727.  (")  Hexliam  Registers. 

(0)  Arch.  Acl.  vol.  i.  (new  series)  p.  134. 

In  the  great  flood  of  Sunday,  November  17th,  1771,  the  whole  viUage 
of  Bywell  was  under  water,  which  stood  eight  feet  deep  in  the  ground  floor 
rooms  of  the  hall.  Ten  houses  were  swept  away,  and  si.x  persons  lost 
their  lives.  The  horses  of  Mr.  Fenwick  and  others  were  got  into  St. 
Andrew's  church,  and,  it  is  stated,  saved  themselves  by  holding  on  to  the 
tops  of  the  high  pews.     One  mare  mounted  the  communion  table. ^ 

The  ancient  vicarage,  demolished  in  1852,  and  the  glebe  called  Three 
Quarter  Land  were  given  to  Mr.  Beaumont,  and  a  new  vicarage  was  built  in 
1 86 1  at  Riding-mill.  The  parish  register,  as  now  existing,  begins  in  1668. 
The  following  are  selections  from  it : 

1 668  [Robertus]    filius    Gulielnii    Fenwick    de    Bywell    armigeri,     baptizatus    fuit    decimo    octavo    die 

mensis  Aprilis. 
1668,  June  Sth.     Susanna,  daughter  of  George  Fewster  of  Bearl,  baptised. 
1702,  June  25th.     John,  son  of  John  Green  of  Styford,  baptised. 
1719,  October  20th.     Mrs.  Catherine  Loraine  of  Morpeth,  buried. 
1723,  July  7th.     Michael  Welden  of  Bywell-hall,  esq.,  buried. 

1761,  March  llth.     John,  son  of  Henry  Leighton  of  Bromley,  shot  at  the  riot  at  Hexham,  March  9th. 
1779,  May  I  ith.     Alice,  daughter  of  Mr.  Anthony  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Fewster  of  Riding-mill,  baptised. 
1715,  December  ist.     Thomas  Forster  of  Wylam,  and  Mary  Hind,  widow,  of  Bearl,  married. 

'  Cf.  Sykes,  Local  Records,  vol.  i.  p.  2S7. 
Vol.  VI.  32 


250  THE    PARISH    or    liYWKI.L    ST.    ANDREW. 

TOWNSHIP    OF    REARL. 

The  township  of  Rtarl  is  comprised  in  one  highly  productive  farm  of 
arable  and  pasture  land  oF  411  acres,  together  with  a  small  detached  piece 
of  7  acres  locally  situated  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  418  acres  in  all.* 
From  the  homestead  there  is  an  extensive  prospect,  and  near  by  is  a  valuable 
quarry  for  millstones  and  grindstones.     In  igoi  there  was  a  population  of  48.* 

Berehill  was  granted  by  Walter  de  Bolbec,  who  died  before  1 187,' to 
William  de  Insula  of  Woodburn,  and  about  1240,  under  the  form  of  Berhill', 
with  Thornton,  Brunton,  Fenwick,  East  Matfen,  Hawkwell,  and  two  caru- 
cates  of  land  in  Kirkharle,  was  held  bv  Otuerus  (or  Otwell)  de  Insula  by 
the  service  of  one  and  a  quarter  knight's  fee  of  ancient  feolTment.''  In 
1250  the  demesne  land  at  Berill  was  worth  50s.  5d.  per  annum,'  and  under 
the  form  of  Berilawe  the  place  is  mentioned  in  the  Assize  Roll  of  1256.'' 

The  value  of  Bearl  was  enhanced  bv  the  grant  of  common  of  pasture 
on  the  moor  of  Schilyngdon,  now  Shildon,  which  was  granted  to  Otwell  de 
Insula  by  John  de  Baliol  and  confirmed  to  his  son  Robert  de  Insula  and 
Emma  his  wife,  by  Hugh  de  Baliol.''  In  1293  Robert  de  Insula  claimed 
to  possess  the  right  of  gallows  at  Berehil  and  other  places.* 

'  But  under  the  Divided  Parishes  Acts,  and  by  an  order  of  the  Local  (Government  Hoard  made  on 
the  20th  of  December,  1886,  the  boundaries  of  the  tounsliip  have  been  so  adjusted  that  by  tlie  revised 
ordnance  survey  of  1895  Bearl  comprises  424  acres. 

•  The  Census  Returns  are :  1801,69;  1811,62;  1821,56;  1831,70;  1841,36;  1851,48;  1861,58; 
1871,  50;  1881,  51;   1891,  52  ;   igoi,  48. 

'  Walteius  de  Bolebeck  omnibus  probis  hominibus  et  amicis  suis  Francis  et  Anglis  salutem.  Notum 
sit  vobis  omnibus  me  reddidisse  et  cone,  atcjue  hac  carta  mea  confirm,  in  feodo  et  hereditate  Willelmo 
de  Insula  homini  nieo  et  heredibus  suis  ad  tenendum  de  me  et  heredibus  meis  terram  illam  quam  pater 
meus  pro  servitio  suo  donavit  ei,  scilicet  Matfen,  Fenwick,  Thorntune,  Ang^erton,  Hidewine,  Burntune, 
per  rectas  divisas,  in  bosco  et  prato  cum  soca  et  saca,  etc.  preterea  sciant  omnes  me  postea  dedisse  hinc 
Walldeuo  militi  servitium  Ernaldi  filii  Adelini  cum  Haucwelle  et  Berehill,  &c.  Test.  Ricardo  priore  de 
Hextildesham,  Jacobo  de  Boluni,  Willelmo  filio  suo,  Roberto  de  Grai  et  Roberto  filio  suo,  Roberto  de 
Bilestre  et  Ada  filio  suo.     Duiisworth  MS.  62,  fol.  179.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'X,'  p.  222. 

*  Testa  de  Ncvill,  Record  Series,  p.  382;  cf.  Inq.  p.m.  Otwel  de  Insula,  34  Hen.  ill.  No.  33;  also 
Hodgson,  Nurtluiiiiberlaiid,pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  16S,  where  it  is  stated  that  these  lands  were  held  by  one-and-a- 
half  knight's  fee.  *  /»(/.  p.m.  Otwel  de  Insula,  34  Hen.  III.  No.  33. 

'  Nortliumherliind  Assize  Rolls,  Page,  p.  91.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 

'  Johannes  de  Baillol  ....  Otowero  de  Insula  ....  manent.  in  Berhill  communam  pasturae  in 
mora  de  Schilyngdon  pro  omnibus  averiis,  etc.,  manentibus  in  villa  de  Berhill  et  omn.  aliis  aisiam.  quae 
tenentes  mei  de  Bywell  habent,  except,  le  Eleschawe.     Test.  Hugone  de  Bolbec,  Roberto  de  Cambo. 

Hugo  de  Bayllol  .  .  .  Roberto  de  Insula  et  Enimae  uxori  ejus  et  omnibus  tenentibus  eorum  in 
villa  de  Berhill  pasturam  in  omnibus  vastis  meis  ex  parte  boriali  aquae  de  Tyne.  Test.  Gilberto  de 
Umfravyle,  Hugone  de  Bolbec. 

Walterus  de  Bolebec  .  .  .  Orin  de  Hydewyne  omnes  essartas,  toftos  et  croftos  de  veteri  Schotleia, 
praeter  locum  et  placeam  ubi  aula  mea  fuit  et  praeter  croftum  qui  vadit  versus  Bacwyth,  scilicet,  per 
rivulum  currentem  inter  Scaldacres  et  praed.  toftos,  usque  ad  Vkkesheued  et  Vkkesheued  contra  montem 
usque  ad  Ducertun  et  a  Ducertun  proximo  viae  usque  ad  divisas  de  Beirallaw  .  .  .  cum  communi 
pastura  in  bosco  et  piano  ;  habeat  sibi  et  omnibus  illic  manentibus  aisiamenta  de  bosco  meo  ad 
aedificandum  et  ardendum  sine  vendicione  et  donacione. 

Endorsed.     Pertinent  Domino  Umfrido  Liell  militi.      Diir.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  7077. 

"  Plcicita  de  quo  n'liminto,  p.  597. 


£ 

s. 

d. 

s. 

d. 

I 

o 

9 

unde 

regi 

I 

lof 

I 

-t 

9 

2 

I 

I 

14 

6 

3 

ll 

1 

7 

0 

4 

3i 

I 

5 

9 

2 

4 

I 

6 

9 

2 

5i 

BEARL    TOWNSHIP.  25  I 

Berhill  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

Summa  bononim  Patricii     ... 

„  Hugonis  del  Bal' 

„  Robert!  de  Sweneburne 

„  Willelmi  filii  Ben. 

„  Robert!  filii  Jakobi 

„  Walter!  de  Berhil 

Summa  liujus  villae,  ^8  17s.  6d.     Unde  regi,  i6s.  i|d.  {sic). 

Robert  de  Insula  was  succeeded  at  his  death,  about  1300,  by  his  kinsman 
John  de  Insula,  who  died  about  four  years  later  in  possession  of  Berel.^ 

Berhill  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 
Willelmus  Nod,  3s.  4d.;  Elyas  de  Berhill,  3s.;  Robertus  de  Eltrynglham,  2s.  4d.     Summa,  8s.  8d. 

Manorial  rights  in  Byrle  are  stated  to  have  remained  in  the  possession  of 
the  Lisles  until  the  death  of  Sir  Humphry  Lisle  in  15 16,'  but  the  lands  before 
then  had  been  alienated  to  the  Carnabys.  On  July  8th,  15 13,  .Sir  Reginald 
Carnaby  of  He.xham  is  stated  to  have  granted  the  manor  of  Berle  and  the 
vill  of  Newton-hall  to  his  brother,  Cuthbert  Carnaby,  for  a  term  of  years.'* 
Sir  Reginald  died  on  July  20th,  1547,  in  possession  of  a  rent  of  ^4  per 
annum  out  of  these  places,^  the  reversion  of  one,  or  of  both,  of  which  came 
to  his  daughter  Catherine,  wife  of  Cuthbert,  Lord  Ogle.  The  latter  was  in 
possession  of,  and  demised  lands  in,  Barle,  June  19th,  1579,"  and  with  his 
descendants  the  estate  remained  for  two  hundred  years. 

In  1582,  Cuthbert,  Lord  Ogle  of  Bothal  granted  a  twenty-one  years'  lease 
to  William  Hynd,  yeoman,  who  covenanted  to  repair  his  tenement,  timber 
excepted,  according  to  the  custom  of  the  town  of  Bearle.^  It  was  stated  in 
the  survey  of  the  lordship  of  Bywell,  made  in  1608,  that  the  tenants  of 
Bearl  by  ancient  custom  had  common  of  pasture  for  their  cattle  all  the  year 
round  on  the  common  of  Bywell  and  Acomb,  for  which  privilege  they 
rendered  3s.  yearly  to  the  lord  of  Bywell." 

'  Query  '  Hugonis  del  Val,'  or  Delaval. 

^  Lansdowne  MS.  326,  fol.  96,  No.  1 1 ;  Hodgson,  Northmnherland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  169. 

'  Harl.  MS.  759,  p.  74;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  170. 

'  Iiu].  p.m.  of  Sir  Reginald  Carnaby,  20th  June,  1545  ;  Dodsicorth  MSS.  vol.  xlv.  fol.  84  a.  Rev.  John 
Hodgson's  Collection,  'X,'  p.  263.  =  Ibid. 

'  Lansdmvne  MSS.  No.  326.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  X,'  p.  135. 

'  Ex  Hinde  Papers;  cf.  Arch.  Ael.  new  series,  vol.  ii.  pp.  127-130. 

»  Haggat  and  Ward,  Survey  of  the  Baronies  0/  Bywell  and  Bitlbeck,  Land  Revenue  Office,  vol.  42, 
pp.  43,  etc, 


252  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

ESTRf:AT  OF  THE    MANOR   OF   BEARL.' 

Manerium  de  Bearle.  The  Extr.ictes  as  well  of  the  Coiirle  Lete  as  of  the  Courte  Rarrone  houlding 
ther  in  the  right  of  the  Right  Honor.-ible  Katharine,  Lady  Cavendish,  the  xxiij  day  of  September,  anno 
domini  1624,  before  Sir  William  Carnabey,  knight,  by  Dionis  Wilson,"  steward  for  the  tyme  beinge. 

Robert  Hunter,  for  his  geisc  goinge  in  the  cowe  pasture,  contrery  [to]  ther  auntient  order,  cullect  xij'' ; 
William  Hunter,  the  like,  xij'';  John  Moure,  the  like,  xij' ;  John  Jennyngo,  the  like,  xij' ;  (George  Cowstone, 
the  like,  xij' ;  William  Hunter,  pledge  for  Roger  Hynmers,  for  cuttinge  of  wood  in  the  East  Nurke,  cullcc;, 
ij'  vj';  John  Sinipsone  of  Ovington,  for  cuttinge  and  ccryinge  wood  in  the  same  place,  cullect,  ij'  vj' ; 
Robert  Hunter,  for  fall  of  courte  upon  one  action  brought  by  him  against  George  Cowstone,  cullect,  vj''. 

The  whole  some  is  x"  vj''  ;  besides  what  is  due  for  Grcnio  Ilcugh  or  common  fync,  if  any  such 
have  bene  usually  payed. 

Amongst  the  ratepayers  who  were  assessed  for  the  subsidy  of  1627  for 
lands  in  the  Bywell  parishes  were  William  Hunter  and  his  brother,  George 
Coustone,  Thomas  Jennings,  and  Peter  Dridone,  who  are  described  as 
tenants  in  Bearl.^  Si.x  years  later  Henry  Hynde*  is  stated  to  have  acted 
as  Lady  Cavendish's  bailiff  for  Newton-hall  and  Bead.*  The  estates  of 
William  Cavendish,  earl  of  Newcastle,  having  been  sequestered  for  his 
delinquency,  the  manor  and  lands  of  Bearle  were  sold  by  the  Committee  for 
Compounding  Cases  to  William  Hinde  and  George  Coulson,  who  apparently 
purchased  as  trustees  for  the  use  of  the  marquess  of  Newcastle,"  who  is  the 
proprietor  named  in  the  Book  of  Rates  of  1663. 

Be.arle  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665.' 
Francis  Billington,  Thomas  Hymers,  Widdow  Hunter,  each  one  chimney  ;  Henry  Hynde,  Thomas 
Jening,  William  Mow,  John  Yonger,  'not  payable.' 

Bearle  Town  and  Stvford  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll.  1675.' 
William   Moore,  Richard  Harrison,  Thomas  Jennings,  Thomas   Hymarsh,  Thomas   Kell,  William 
Gibson,  John   Ellett,  Ann    r;)avison,   George   Burdus,  each   one  chimney;    Christopher   Heppwell,  two 
chimneys  ;  George  Hepwell,  two  chimneys. 

When  Shildon  common  was  enclosed  and  divided  in  1755,  forty-seven 
acres  of  land  were  awarded  to  the  countess  of  Oxford  and  Mortimer  in  lieu 
of  the  rights  of  common  of  pasture  granted  six  hundred  years  before  to  her 
predecessors  in  title  by  John  de  Baliol. 

'  Arch.  Ael.  new  series  vol.  i.,  p.  139.         ''  For  a  pedigree  of  Wilson,  see  vol.  v.  of  this  work,  p.  288. 

'  Arch.  Ael.  new  series  vol.  i.  p.,  139. 

*  Amongst  Mr.  T.  H.  Arclier- Hind's  Papers  are  the  following  documents: 

l8th  May,  1624  :  Received  by  me,  Francis  Carnaby,  the  day  and  year  above  written,  from  the  hands 
of  Henry  Hynde,  for  the  use  of  Ladv  Ca.  Cavendysh,  the  one  halfe  year's  rent  of  Bearle,  which  comes 
to  56s.  8d. 

17th  May,  1626  :  Order  from  Francis  Carnaby  to  the  tenants  of  Moralee  to  convey  millstones  from 
Bothal  to  Bearle. 

ist  July,  1634  :  Bond  for  ^50  from  Henry  Hinde,  George  Coulson,  William  Moure,  and  Richard 
Coulson,  all  of  Bearl,  to  Sir  William  Carnaby  of  Bothal,  knight. 

^  Ex  Hinde  Papers;  cf.  Arch.  Ael.  n.s.  vol.  ii.  pp.  127-130.  '  Cal.  Com. /or  Comp.  pp.  1733-1737. 

'  P.R.O.  Subsidy  Roll,  j§|.  "  p.R.O.  Subsidy  Roll,  {-'g. 


BEARL    TOWNSHIP. 


253 


WATLES    OF   BEARL. 

George  Wailes  of  Chesehurn  grange,  son  of  [George  or  John] 
Wailes  of  Heugh,  in  the  parish  of  Stamfordham. 


I 
Thomas  Wailes, 
bapt.  6th  Jan., 
1726  (a)- 


George  Wailes  of  Bearl,  =  Elizabeth  Hender- 


bapt.  20th  Sept.,  1729 
(«)  ;  died  2nd  Sept., 
1787,  aged  58  {d)  («). 


son  (a);  mar.  toth 
July,  1760  {g). 


I      I      I 
Thomas,  bapt.  25th  July,  1731  (a). 
John,  bapt.  22nd  July,  1733  (n). 

Anthony,  bapt.  22nd  Aug.,  1734  (a);  died  at  Houghton 
par.,  Heddon  ;  bur.  28th  Feb.,  1805  ;  aged  69  (/;). 


John  Wailes  of  Bearle,  and 
at  Meldon  Park,  born  4th 
May,  1761  (f)  ;  died  17th 
Oct.,  1822  (d)  (0  ;  will 
dated  17th  Dec,  1821, 
pr.  1823  (/). 


George  Wailes  of  Mel- 
don Park,  born  8th 
Sept.,  1762  (c);  died 
26th  Oct. ,l82l(a')(c). 


I 


Sarah  Thomas,  b. 

died     gth      12th  June, 
April,  1765   (c)  ; 

1821  ((/).      died   1767 
(0- 


I 
Anthony  Wailes  of  Bearl,  =  Ann 


born  April  1770  (t) 
died  at  Villa  Place, 
Newcastle,  nth  Aug., 
1833,  aged  62  (d)  (a). 


William,  died  at  Shilbottle,  nth  Dec,  1799,  aged  24  years  (i). 


died  8th 

Dec, 

1804 

aged 

(a). 


40 


I  .  . 

George  Wailes,  sometime  of  Bearl,  died  at  : 

Lumley,  25th  Nov.,  1866,  aged  68  (a). 


Margaret  died  at  Newcastle, 

2-|th  March,  1865,  aged  63  (a). 


I 


I 


John  (/).     Anne  (/).     Elizabeth  (/). 


I 

Thomas  Wailes  of  West- 
gate,  Newcastle,  one 
of  the  receivers  of  the 
Greenwich  Hospital 
estates ;  born  I2th 
Aug.,  1772  (c) ;  died 
27th  Jan.,  1838  (((). 


=  Margaret,  dau.  of  Matthew  William, 

Forster  of  Horsley  High  born 

Barns,    born    15th    Oct,  4th 

1778  (f)  ;  mar,  at  Oving-  May, 

ham,    I2lh     May,     1802  1775 

(e)  ;    died    27th    March,  (c). 
1858  (*)  00. 


I      I      I      I 
Sarah,  born  24th  Dec,  1763  (c)  ;  mar.  John  Atkinson 
of  Heworth  shore   (/)  ;  died  31st  Dec,  1832,  aged 
69   ('O-  -i, 
Mary,  born  21st  Oct.  1766,  died  1767  (c)- 
Anne,   born    25th   July,   176S    (c)  ;    mar.    Rev.    Philip 

Hardcastle.  .1, 
Elizabeth,  born  20th  April,  1788  (c)  ;  died  1838  (1;). 


Anne,  dau.  ^=  George  Wailes  of  New-  =  Anne,    dau.    of 

of    castle, attorney-at-law,         Henry    Nairn, 

Dyer      of  b.  21st  Mar.,  1803  (c);         died  at  Gates- 

Edinburgh         died      at     Gateshead,         head,  20th  Feb., 
(c).         "  30thOct.,i882,j./.(/').         1893,  aged  67. 


Jonathan  Forster, 
born  26th  Nov., 
1804  (c);  d.  l6th 
Dec,  1832  (fi)\ 
bur.  Benwell  (c). 


I 
William  Wailesof  New- 
castle, glass-stainer,  b. 
2  3raNov.,  l8oS('c);d. 
atGateshead,iith  Mar. 
18S1  ;  bur.  Bywell  (/<"). 


:  Jane  Elizabeth, 
dau.ofWm.Carr 
of  Alnwick;  mar. 
at  Alnwick,  ist 
Jan.,  1834(c);  d. 
28th  Sept.,  1891. 


I      I 
Thomas  Matthew,  born  26th  August,  1811 

(c)  ;  died  I2th  January,  1835  (c). 
John,  born    loth  October,    1819  (c)  ;   died 

at  Ventnor,   Isle  of  Wight,  24th  April, 

1846  WW  (rf)- 


,111111 

Isabel,  born  loth  September,  1806  (c)  ;  died  14th  February  1855,  (J>). 

Elizabeth,  born  25th  August,  1810  (c)  ;  died  2gth  August,  1810  (c). 

Margaret,  born  24th  June,  1S13  (c)  ;  died  at  Newcastle,  17th  March,  1893  (/i). 

Elizabeth,  horn  29th  May,  1815  (c)  ;  died  27th  Nov.,  1886  (/')■ 

Sarah,  born  i6th  Aug.,  1817  (c)  ;  died  Ist  Dec,  1831  (c)  ;  bur.  Bywell  (</)  (h). 

Anne,  born  24th  December,  1823  (c)  ;  died  12th  December,  1838  (I/). 


Harriet,  dau. 
of  Charles 
Frederick 
Springman 
of  Gates- 
head. 


I   . 
William  Thomas  =  Jane,  dau. 
Wailes    of     New-     of  William 
castle,   born    23rd 
Jan.,     183S     (c); 
died    1877  ;    bur. 
Elswick  Cemetery. 


of 


Ward 
London ; 
liv.     1900, 


I      I      I 
John  Carr,  b.  nth  Aug.,  1839  (c); 

died  19th  Feb.,  1840  (c)  (//). 
John  Carr,  b.  loth  Feb.,  1841  (c); 

died  6th  April  1850  (c)  (/()■ 
George  Nicols,  b.  i8th  Sept.,  1845 

(c);  died  1st  June,  1846  (f)  (/<)■ 


Margaret  Janet,  born  25th  Sept.,  1834 
(c)  ;      married    Thomas     Rankine 


Strang  of  Newcastle. 


•V 


Frances  Margaret  Wailes,  liv.  unmar.  1900.       Anne,  mar.  John  Thompson  of  Perth. 


Anne,  born  23rd  April,  1836  (c)  ;  mar. 
Robert  Kirwood,  clerk  in  orders, 
incumbent  of  Chester-Ie-Street. 

Isabella,  born  4th  May,  1843  ;  died  in 
infancy  (//)  (c). 


(a)  Stiimfurdhtxm  Registers. 

(i5)  M.I.  Bywell  St.  Peter. 

{/)  Family  Papers  with  Mrs.  Kirwood. 


(rf)  Matthew  Forster's  Obituary. 

(f)  Newcastle Chionicle,  15th  May,  1802. 

(/)  Durham  Probate  Registry. 


(jf)  Bywell  St.  A  iidrew  Register. 
(^)  Bywell  St.  Peter  Register. 


Berle,  otherwise  Bearle,  was  one  of  the  places  included  in  the  fine 
passed  in  Easter  Term,  13  George  I.,  between  Lord  Trevor  and  others, 
plaintiffs,  and  Edward,  earl  of  O.xford  and  Earl  Mortimer,  and  Lady  Henrietta 


254  "THE    PARISH    Ol'    HVWEI.L    ST.    ANDREW. 

Cavendish  Holies,  his  wife,  deforciants.'  With  Bothal  and  many  other 
estates,  Bear]  devolved  npon  William,  duke  of  Portland,  who  by  indentures 
of  lease  and  release  May  i  ith  and  12th,  1792,"  sold  it  for  ^7,900  to  his 
tenants,  William  Charlton''  of  Bearl  and  John  Wailes  then  of  Shilbottle, 
afterwards  of  Meldon  Park,  whose  rejsresentativcs  in  1825  sold  it  to  .Mr. 
Thomas  Wentworth   Beaumont  for  the  sum  of  ^'22,000.* 

STOCKSFIELD. 

The  small  township  of  Stocksficld  abuts  on  the  river  Tyne  and 
comprises  329  acres,  of  which  loi  acres  lie  in  four  detached  pieces,  some  of 
them  representing  allotments  in  lieu  of  common  of  pasture  ;  it  consists 
largely  of  fertile  haugh-land,  and  in  1891  had  a  population  of  124.^ 

This  township  or  manor  forms  the  e.\ception  to  the  rule  that  the 
townships  of  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  are  members  of  the  baronv  of 
Bolbec,  for  about  the  vear  1240  Stocksfield  was  held  of  John  de  Balliol  by 
Robert  de  St.  Germans  by  the  twelfth  part  of  a  knight's  fee  of  ancient 
feoffment.' 

By  an  undated  deed,  which  may  be  ascribed  to  the  beginning  of  the 
thirteenth  century,  Hugh  de  Balliol  confirmed  to  Robert  de  Hindley  certain 
lands  in  Stokslield  and  Broomley,  which  had  been  granted  by  his  ancestor 
Bernard  de  Balliol.**     In    1262    the   manor  of  Stokesfeld,    together   with   a 


'to^ 


'  Abstract  of  title  with  Mr.  F.  W.  Dendy.  '  Jbid. 

'  W^ill  of  William  Charlton  of  ISearle,  sen.,  dated  nth  February,  1799.  Will  of  William  Charlton  of 
Bearle,  the  son,  dated  23rd  December,  1803.     Ibid. 

'  Parson  and  White,  Durham  and  Norihumbertdnd  (182S),  vol.  ii.  p.  561. 

'  By  an  order  of  the  Local  Government  Board,  dated  20th  December,  1886,  the  township  proper  of 
Stocksfield-hall  (228  acies)  and  the  detached  portions  have  been  united  for  Poor  Law  purposes  to  the 
adjacent  townships  of  Broomley  and  Mickley. 

°  The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,24;  1811,26;  1821,23;  183')  35;  i84ii2g;  1851,27;  1861,48; 
1S71,  39;  1881,  113  ;  1891,  124.     The  Census  Return  for  igoi  is  included  in  that  of  Broomley. 

'  Tcata  de  Ncvill,  p.  385. 

' 'Hugo  de  Baliol  .  .  .  Roberto  de  Hindeley  .  .  .  dominium  quod  antecessor  mens  Bernardus 
de  Baliol  ei  antea  dedit,  scilicet  Ix.  acras  terrae  in  vasto  de  .Stochisburne,  in  orientali  parte  viae,  scilicet, 
inter  Stockisfeld  et  Bromeley,  et  septies  viginti  acras  terrae  in  occidentali  parte  viae  similiter  in  vasto 
de  Stochisburne  per  has  divisas  :  scilicet  sicut  Stochisburne  ascendit  usque  ad  .^Idisbrig  .Strother 
usque  ad  viam  de  Fulbrig  et  a  via  de  Fulbrig  usque  ad  sepem  quae  est  supra  Smiliburn,  excepta  terra  de 
Bromeley,  qae  prius  culta  fuit,  et  sepis  ilia  usque  ad  mangnam  viam  et  niangna  via  usque  ad  divisas  de 

Stockisfeld,  sicut  descendunt  in  Stochisburne.    Ten.  et  hab Redd dimid.  marcam  argenti  ad 

wardam  Novi  Castri  .  .  .  pasturam  in  foresta  mea,  et  de  sicco  ad  ardendum  et  de  viridi  ad  hospitandum  et 

claustrum  ad  dictam  terram  claudendam.     Et  insuper  quietus  erit  de  pannagio  porcorum  suorum 

Hiis  test.  Henr.  de  Fontibus,  G.  fratre  ejus,  Guidone  de  Bunnecurt,  Hugone  de  Normanvill,  Rogero 
de  Sco  Germano,  Roberto  de  Fontibus,  Roberto  de  Helding,  Bernardo  pr.  de  Henkint.'  Ex  orig.  sigill. 
penes  Rob.  Johnson  de  Ebchester  Hill,  gen.,  qui  ob.  Mar.  i,  1757.  Durham  Cathedral  Library 
Randal  MSS.  vol.  iii.  p.  191. 


STOCKSFIELD   TOWNSHIP.  255 

moiety  of  the  vill  of  Bywell,  was  stated  to  be  held  of  the  lordship  of 
Bolbec  by  William  de  Riel  and  Gilbert  de  Caldestrother  by  the  service  of 
one  knight/ 

In  1268  Gilbert  de  Stocksfeld  held  a  carucate  of  land  in  Stocksfield 
for  the  twelfth  part  of  the  service  of  one  knight's  fee,  paying  I3jd.  for  the 
castle  ward  of  Newcastle  and  suit  of  court  at  Bywell  ;*  three  years  later 
John  de  Stockesfeld  held  it  at  3s.  a  year,  and  also  a  pasture  for  which  he 
paid  4s.,  or  7s.  in  all.'  About  the  same  period  the  prior  and  convent"  of 
Hexham  acquired  by  grant  of  William,  son  of  Boso,  the  homage  of  John  de 
Normanvill  for  Stokesfeld  and  Apperley  for  the  service  of  13s.  8d.,  and  they 
had  apparently  a  similar  rent  of  13s.  8d.  arising  in  the  same  vill,  but  subject 
to  the  payment  of  7s.  a  year  '  to  the  custody  of  the  castle  '  of  Newcastle.'' 
From  John,  son  of  Helias,  they  acquired  a  rent  of  3s.'' 

In  the  Treasury  at  Durham  there  are  two  deeds  relating  to  Bywell, 
executed  by  Stocksfield  landowners  ;  in  the  first,  Adam,  son  of  Gilbert 
de  Stokesfeld,  grants  an  acre  of  land  in  Bywell  to  Sir  Alexander  de  Baliol 
(1271-1279),''  and  in  the  other,  John,  son  of  Elyas  de  Stokesfeld,  who 
may  be  identified  with  the  above-named  benefactor  of  Hexham  priory, 
granted  to  his  lord  Sir  Robert  de  Estoutevill  all  his  right  in  an  acre  of  land 
and  in  the  lock  and  fishery  of  Bywell." 

Stokesfeld  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

Summa  bonorum  Jacobi  carpentarii 

„  Johaiinis  de  Stokesfeld    ... 

„  Ricardi  carpenterii 

Summa  hujus  villae,  38s.  gd.      Unde  regi,  3s.  6d. 

Robert  de  Stutevill  and  Alianor  his  wife  (who  was  widow  of  Ale.xander 
de  Baliol)  held  an  acre  of  land  in  Sto.xfeld  of  John  de  Normanvill,  but  the 
jurors  in  an  inquisition  taken  in  13 10  stated  that  they  knew  not  by  what 
services  it  was  held."  Their  son,  John  de  Stutevill,  being  at  York,  at 
Martinmas  1318,  gave  all  his  right  in  the  fisheries  of  Bywell  and  in  the  vills 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolebec,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25. 

-  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Balliolo,  53  Hen.  III.  No.  43.     C/.  Cnl.  Doc.  Rcl.  Scot.  vol.  i.  pp.  502,  532. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Balliol,  55  Henry  III.  No.  33. 

*  Cf.  vol.  iii.  of  this  work,  p.  141.     Inspeximus  of  1298,  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  pp.  114,  II7- 

^  Ibid.  "  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart,  No.  251  ;  cf.  Hodgson,  Northumhcrlamt,  pt.  ii.  vol.  ii.  p.  48. 

'  Ibid.  No.  252  ;  ibid.  p.  49.  '  Inq.  p.m.  Alianorae  uxoris  Roberti  Stuteville,  4  Edw.  II.  No.  7. 


s. 

d. 

s. 

d. 

II 

6 

unde  regi 

I 

0 

II 

9 

1' 

I 

I 

15 

6 

I 

5 

256  THE    PARISH    OF    lA'WEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

of  Bywell  and  Stokestield  to  Adam  de  Meynevill.'  Henry  de  Nornianvill 
having  rebelled  against  the  king  and  died  in  Scotland,  an  enquiry  was  made 
concerning  his  lands  on  April  27th,  1351,  at  Newcastle,  when  it  was 
ascertained  that  his  lands  in  Stokesfeld  were  on  the  west  of  the  Stokesfeld 
burn  and  that,  with  other  lands  in  the  vills  of  Stamfordham,  Heugh,  and 
Ouston,  they  were  held  of  the  countess  of  Pembroke,  as  of  her  fee  of  Bywell, 
by  suit  of  court  and  the  payment  of  I3jd.  for  castle  ward  of  Newcastle. 
Although  formerly  worth  /"12  per  annum,  they  were  at  that  time,  'on 
account  of  lack  of  farmers  and  the  poverty  of  the  country  side,'  only 
worth  £^,  in  all  issues."  Thirty-seven  years  afterwards  Sir  John  Nevill  of 
Raby  died  seised  of  vStocksfield,  held  of  the  king  in  chief  by  the  twelfth  part 
of  a  knight's  fee  of  ancient  feoffment  and  the  payment  of  ijjd.  for  castle 
ward  ;  the  value  was  stated  to  be  los.  a  year.^ 

The  lands  in  Stocksfield  which  belonged  to  the  prior  and  convent  of 
Hexham  were  held  by  William  Ayrike  in  147^]  by  homage  and  fealty,  and 
the  payment  of  a  rent  of  13s.  8d.,  and  of  is.  for  castle  ward.*  At  the 
period  of  the  dissolution,  John  Newton  held  a  tenement  at  Stockstield- 
hall  with  two  acres  of  meadow,  five  acres  of  pasture,  common  of  pasture 
on  Slaley  moor,  etc.'* 

Stoxfeld  Muster  Roll,  1538." 
Edwerd  Newton,  Lane.  Newton,  Edweid  Bell;  alile  uitli  hois  and  liarnes. 

In  1608,  Gilbert  Newton  possessed  lands  in  Merresheeles  and  Healey 
as  well  as  in  Stocksfield,  for  which  he  owed  suit  and  service  to  the  baronies 
of  Bywell  and  Bolbec'  Two  years  afterwards.  Sir  John  Fenwick  acquired 
from  Salter  and  Williams,  who  were  the  Crown  grantees,  Stoxfield-hall  and 
certain  lands  in  Cleveley  moor  [?  Shildon],  formerly  in  the  occupation 
of  John  Newton,  to  hold  of  the  king  as  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich, 
at  the  yearly  rent  of  13s.  4d.'* 

'  DuY.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  254;  c/.  Hodgson,  Nortliuinbu-land,  pt.  ii.  vol.  ii.  p.  49. 

■/hi/,  p.m.  25  Edw.   III.  second  numbers,   No.   17. 

'/«(/.  p.m.  John  de  Nevill,   12   Ric.   II.   No.  40. 

'  Black  Book  of  Hexham,  p.  29;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  46.     Cf.  vol.  iii.  of  this  work,  p.  15S. 

■'  Black  Book  of  Hexham,  p.  165.  "  Arch.  Ael.  4to  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  178. 

'  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey.  '  Greenwich  Hospital  Papers,  'Thornton,  U.  No.  2.' 


STOCKSFIELD    TOWNSHIP. 


!57 


NEWTON    OF  STOCKSFIELD-HALL. 

Edward  Newton  heads  the  Stocksfield  Muster  Roll  in  1538. 


John  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall, 


iving  circa  1558  («)  = 


John  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall,  living  circa  1558  («),  =  Roger  Xewton  of  Stocksfield-hall  = 

and  aVira  1578  («).                               ^1  (m),  'the  elder;'    a  defendant 

I  in  the  suit  of  1598,  then  about 

John  Newton.  80  years  of  age  («). 


,   daughter    of 

Lawson    of 

Cramlington  («). 


Edward  Newton,  Matthew  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall  (m), . 
son  and  heir;  ap-  second  son  and,  after  the  death  of  his 
parently  of  full  brother,  heir,  was  jointly  seized  of  Stocks- 
age  circa  1578;  field-hall  with  his  father  in  1598  («)  ; 
livingi593;dead  settled  his  manor  of  StocksfielJ-hall  upon 
before  30th  June,  his  eldest  son  Lancelot  by  deed  dated 
1598  («).  6th  May,  1621  («). 


Barbara,  dau.  of 
Oliver  Ogle  of 
Burradon  (7) 
(/«)  ;  they  had 
seven  children 
in  1620. 


William  Newton 
of  Stocksfield- 
hall,  party  to  the 
suit  of  1598  (k)  ; 
a  trustee  under 
the  deed  of  6th 
May,  1621  (a). 


Ralph  Newton, 
a  trustee  un- 
der the  settle- 
ment of  1621 


Lancelot  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall,  son  and  heir  ' 
(?«),  living  6th  May,  162 1. 

Tristram   Newton    of  Stocksfield-hall,   bur.    25  th  , 
Feb.,  1673/4  (")• 


Richard  Newton,  apprenticed  26th  March,  162 1,  to  Robert 

Killingworth  of  Newcastle,  mercer  (rf). 
PVancis  Newton,  apprenticed    1st    May,   1622,  to   Ralph 

Maddisoji  of  Newcastle  (</). 


Lancelot  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall,  in 
1663  was  assessed  for  that  place  and 
for  the  mill  and  fishery;  a  recusant  in 
1677  (/)  ;  barred  the  entail  of  Stocks- 
field-hall by  deed  dated  5th  May,  1700, 
then  described  as  '  senior '  (/<)  ;  will 
dated  6th  May,  1700  {/>). 


I 


Mary,  dau.  of ,      Isabel,  mar.  Robert 


living  in  posses- 
sion of  her  dower, 
nth  November, 
1708  (c)  ;  buried 
1713  W- 


Surtees  of  Milk- 
well-burn  ;  bond 
of  marriage  2nd 
February,  1663. 


Robert  Newton  of  Stocksfield,  in 
1684,  agreed  to  convey  to 
Rolrert  Surtees, lands  in  Stocks- 
field (c)  ;  mar.  Barbara,  dau.  of 
William  Newton  of  Broomley  ; 
mar.  settlement,  iSth  April, 
1663.  4, 


Matthew    Newton    (»;)    of   Newcastle,    apprenticed    25th  =  Margaret, 
Dec,  1626,  to  Charles  Whitfield  of  Newcastle,  boothman;         namedin 
admitted  free  of  Merchants'  Company,  8lh  Jan.,   1649         her  hus- 
((/);  purchased  Coldcoats  in  the  parish  of  Ponteland,  20th         band's 
Dec,  1655  (a);  will  dated  25th  Nov.,  1668,  pr.  Mar.,  1669         will  {a). 
(a);  'he  departed  this  life  to  the  mercy  of  God,  the  28th 
of  Noveml)er,  anno  domini  1668,'  and  was  buried  in  St. 
George's  porch  in  St.  Nicholas'  church,  Newcastle  (/i). 


Henry 


Charles  Newton,  = 
with  his  brother 
Matthew  pur- 
chased part  of 
Newton  -  hall 
from  the  Mar- 
quis of  New- 
castle («). 


I      I 
Magdalen(OT) 
married     ... 
Ogle;  named 
in  the  will  of 
her    brother 
Matthew 
Newton     in 
1668  («). 
Fortune  («')■ 


I 


Jonathan  Newton  of  Coldcoats,  of  Balliol  =?=  Isabella,  dau 
Coll.,  Oxon. ;  matric  2 1st  Nov.,  1673, 
aged  18  (/);  admitted  to  Gray's  Inn, 
26th  Oct.,  1682  («)  ;  admitted'  free  of 
the  Merchants'  Company  by  patri- 
mony, 2lst  June,  1689  ((/);  [?  will 
dated  24th  Oct.,  1723]  {a). 


I      I 
of     Fortune  («). 
Thos.    Jenison,     Elizabeth,  mar. 
living  in  New-       Horsley; 


Matthew  New- =  [Eliza 


:astle,  a  widow, 
8th  Oct.,  1723 
(a)  ;  will  dated 
3rd  June,  1742 


both  named  in 
their  father's 
will  («).  I 


ton,  son  and 
heir,  named  in 
the  will  of  his 
uncle,Matthew 
Newton,  25th 
Nov.,  1668  (rt). 


beth 
New- 
ton.] 


Joseph  = 
New- 
ton 


Jonathan  Newton  of  Coldcoats,  of 
Queen's  Coll.,  Oxon.  ;  matric. 
15th  Nov.,  1708  ;  barrister-at- 
law  of  Middle  Temple,  1715 
(/)  ;  in  1723  of  Weedon, 
Bucks  («)  ;  will  dated  17th 
Dec,  1727,  pr.  1738  (fl). 


I 


Elizabeth,  sister 
and  heir,  mar. 
Nathaniel  Ogle 
of  Kirkle)-,  doc- 
tor of  physic. 


Samuel  Newton,  son  and 
heir,  died  s./i.  possessed 
of  lands  on  Bedlington 
which  his  sister  Anne 
Stockdale  subsequently 
devised  to  Newton 
Ogle  (a). 


Anne,  mar.  2ist  Feb.,  1719  Charles 

(/),   William    Stockdale  Newton, 

of  Bedlington;  will  dated  son   and 

2I5t  May,  1767  (rt).  heir; 

Katherine,  mar ,  rst,  died  .v./. 

Hugall    and    2nd,  (a). 

Davie  (a). 


Vol.  VI. 


33 


!58 


TllK    PARISH    OK    HVWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 


Lancelot  Newton  of  Stocks-  =  Ann,  dau.  of Clavcring;  mar. 


field-hall,  jun.,  son  and 
heir  ;  apparently  dead 
before  the  date  of  his 
father's  will. 


lie,  Nov.,  if)S2;  living  at  Stocks 
field-hall,  luh  Nov.,  1708,  tutrix 
to  her  dan.  Anne  (c). 


William  Newton  of  Newcastle,  doctor 
of  physio,  second  son;  party  to  deed 
dated  23rd  July,  1722;  party  to  deed 
24th  February,  1732  (/>)  (c). 


Robert  Newton,  son 
of  '  Lawrence  '  (^sic) 
Newton  of  Stocks- 
field-hall,  deceased  ; 
was  apprenticed  2nd 
October  1700,  to 
'  Sir  Thomas  Claver- 
ing'  (li)  ;  was  living 
24th  September,  1 701 

(«0. 


I  I 


Mary 

party  to  deed 
24th  Feb., 
1732   W- 


Jane,  bapt.  15th  Nov.,  1683  (X-).  grand-daughter  and  co-heiress  of 
Lancelot  Newton,  sen.,  in  1708  (/'/');  "'so  niece  and  co-heiress 
of  Robert  Newton  (c)  ;  mar.  Joseph  Ledgard  [of  He.xham  Spital 
and]  of  Newcastle,  clockmaker  {6}  (<:).     ^ 

.■\nne,  grand-daughter  and  co-lieiress  of  Lancelot  Newton,  sen.,  in  1713  ; 
also  niece  and  co-heiress  of  Robert  Newton  (c)  [?  married  Edward 
Cotesworth  of  the  Hermitage,  near  Hexham].  These  two  ladies 
by  deed  dated  2nd  May,  1713,  sold  their  lands  at  Stocksfield-hall, 
secured  to  them  by  the  deed  of  5th  May,  1700,  to  their  uncles 
Robert  and  John  Newton  for  ;^i650  (/'),  but  aftervvards 
succeeded  to  their  uncle  Robert's  moiety  (((). 


William  Newton  of  New- 
castle, '  the  younger,' 
eldest  son  and  heir- 
apparent  of  William 
Newton,  senior,  party 
to  deed  24th  Feb., 
1732,  by  which  he 
sold  his  father's  lands 
at  Stocksfield  to 
George     Bowes     (66') 


I  I 

Robert  Newton  of  Stocksfield- 
hall,  died  in  17151  seised 
jointly  with  his  brother 
John  of  lands  in  Stocksfield- 
hall  ((5). 

Joseph,  bapt.  23rd  May,  1664 


Jill 

Sarah,  bapt.  23rd  May, 
1664  (o). 

Katherine. 

Dorothy. 

Margaret,    mar 

Wilson  ;  all  named 
in  their  father's  will. 


John   Newton   of  Stocksfield-hall,  bapt.  =  Christiana    ,  post 


May,  1675  (i)  ;  2nd  May,  1713,  along 
with  his  brother  Robert,  purchased 
lands  in  Stocksfield-hall  from  iheir 
two  nieces  (//)  ;  living  1729  at  Hexham 
(c)  ;  as  a  Roman  Catholic  registered 
his  estate,  9th  April,  1717. 


nupt.  sett.,  1st  May, 
1713(0;  Wm.  Charl- 
ton of  Hesleyside  and 
Wm.  Charlton  of 
Redesmouth,  trustees 
CO  ;  living  1730  (<). 


Lancelot  Newton,  an  English  Benedictine  priest ;  born  at  Stocksfield-hall  in  1714;  professed  Mary,         ,adaughter, 

at  Lambspring  in  1732  ;  ordained  1737  ;  was  prior  in  1748  ;  sent  on  mission  to  Southern  bur.  27th  b.  atStocksfield- 

provinces  1750  ;  was  at  Witham  Place,  Essex  ;  passed  to  Northern   province  ;  was  at  Gil-  Ap.,  171 1  hall,  2nd  Sept., 

ling  Castle  till  1761,  Brandsly,  Plumplon,  Beaufront,  1766-1774  ;  Whitehaven,  1774-1775,  (/t).  1711  (^). 
and  died  at  Birtley,  27lh  February,  1777  (g). 


.  hvo  shin  hones  in  saitire,  the  sinister 
a  fesse  dancette  leivieen  3  eagles  dis- 


*  The  arms  on  the  tombstone  of  Matthew  and  Margaret  Newton,  are  :- 
surmounted  of  the  dexter  .  .  .  a  crescent  for  difference  for  Newton  ;  impaling 
played  .  .  . — Welford,  .SV.  Nicholas. 

X  It  is  possible  that  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Matthew  Newton  and  wife  of Horsley,  may  have  been  mother 

to  John  Horsley  the  antiquary.     If  so,  it  would  account  for  the  fact  of  Newton  Ogle,  dean  of  Winchester,  receiving  his 
early  education  at  John  Horsley 's  school ;  c/!  Hodgson-Hind  '  Notes  on  the  Rev.  John  Horsley,' .,4)C^.  .^cA  vol.  vi. p.  177. 


(a)   Mr.  Newton  Ogle's  deeds. 

lb)    Stocksfield-hall  papers,  Dent  MSS. 

ihli)  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  deeds. 

(<r)  .Miss  Hedley's  MSS. 

(rf)  Newcastle    Merchant   Adventurers.,    Dendy,    vol.   ii. 

Surt.  Soc.  No.  101. 
(f)    Foster,  Admissions  to  Gray's  Inn. 
(f')  Foster,  Alumni  Oxonienses. 
(£■)    Snow,  Necrology  of  the  English   Congregation  of  the 

Order  of  St.  Benedict,  8vo,  1783,  p.  120. 


ih-) 


cf.  Welford,  Monuments  in  St. 
thumberlund  in  5161. 


M.I.  St.    Nicholas, 

Nicholas'  Church. 
(0     St.  George's  Visitation  of  Northi, 
(Ii)    Bywell  St.  A  ndrew  /Register. 
(/)    Depositions frotn  York  Castle,  p.  228,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  40. 
(m)  Brit.  Mus.,  //,;;•/.  MSS.  1554,  folio  29. 
(n)    Exchequer  Decrees  atul  Orders,  series  i.  book  25,  p.  66, 

and  Exchequer  Depositions  by  Commission,  Easter 

Term,  41  Eliz.  No.  34. 
(o)  Bywell  St.  Peter  Register. 
(  /)  Bothal  Register. 


Evidences  to  Newton  Pedigree. 

April  19th,  1717.  John  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall,  as  a  Roman  Catholic,  registered  his  estate  at  Stocksfield- 
hall  and  Stocksfield-hall  fishery  in  the  Tyne,  with  lands  on  lease  at  ,^Si  ]ier  annum  ;  part  of  Stocksfield-hall  fajm,  let 
by  Robert  Newton,  deceased,  at  /15  105.;  a  fulling  mill,  let  at  ^"4  per  annum  ;  all  being  in  the  parishes  of  Bywell 
St.  Peter  and  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  and  subject  to  a  modus  of  £z  per  annum  for  each  undivided  moiety  of  the  said 
premises  in  lieu  of  corn  tithe,  to  a  mortgage  of  ;^700,  to  a  debt  of  ;f  850,  .and  also  to  a  sum  of  Sos.  per  annum  for 
petty  tithes  in  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  .Andrew.     Register  of  Estates  of  Roman  Catholics. 

At  the  Michaelmas  Sessions,  1717,  John  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall,  gentleman,  was  charged  with  falling  upon 
William  Hindmarsh  of  Ovingliani.  on  Friday,  the  6th  of  September,  1717,  whilst  he  was  walking  upon  the  highway, 
returning  home  from  his  work,  throwing  him  to  the  ground,  and  taking  him  by  his  neckcloth  and  pulling  it  in  such 
manner  that  he  had  almost  choked  him  therewith.  A  similar  charge  was  brought  against  him  by  George  Stokoe  of 
Eltringham.     Newton  was  bound  over.     Sessions  Records. 


STOCKSFIELD    TOWNSHir.  259 

The  yeoman  family  of  Newton/  long  settled  at  Prudhoe,  Whittonstall, 
Eltringham,  and  other  places  in  the  neighbourhood,  possessed  Stocksfield- 
hall  for  several  generations.  In  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century,  Reginald 
Newton,  who  held  the  office  of  bailiff  and  forester  in  the  townships  of 
Ovington  and  Prudhoe  under  Letters  Patent,  on  the  nth  of  September, 
1464,  obtained  an  order  for  the  payment  of  £ti  fro'"  the  issues  of  the 
county  of  Northumberland,  for  arrears  of  wages  due  to  him  in  his  office, 
and  for  his  wages  as  one  of  the  king's  soldiers  in  the  town  and  castle  "of 
Durham.^  In  1598,  there  were  proceedings  in  the  Court  of  Exchequer 
brought  by  Sir  John  Forster  and  others,  the  queen's  farmers,  against 
Roger  Newton  the  elder,  Matthew  Newton,  John  Newton  the  elder, 
Gilbert,  Ralph,  and  Christopher  Newton,  Robert  and  Arthur  Lee,  Thomas 
and  John  Newton,  junior,  Christopher  Surtees,  and  others,  who  claimed 
to  possess  a  moiety  of  a  fishery  in  the  Tyne  as  pertaining  to  Stocksfield- 
hall,  Merryshields,  and  Eltringham.'  In  1608  Gilbert  Newton  possessed 
freehold  lands  in  Stocksfield  and  Merrishields.^  The  name  of  Mr.  Matthew 
Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall  appears  in  lists  of  freeholders  made  in  1628 
and  1638;'*  Mr.  Lancelot  Newton  was  rated  at  £bo  for  Stocksfield-hall, 
the  fishery,  and  the  mill  in  1663  ;  two  years  later  his  name  appears  on  the 
Subsidy  Roll  as  liable  to  pay  for  three  chimneys  for  the  hearth  tax,*  and 
in  1677  Lancelot  Newton  of  Stocksfield-hall  occurs  as  a  Roman  Catholic 
recusant.'  From  the  depositions  taken  in  1578,  and  from  other  material, 
the  pedigree,  which  is  as  full  as  the  materials  admit,  has  been  constructed. 

The  manor  and  estate  of  Stocksfield-hall  with  the  walk  mill  and  a  fishery 
in  the  Tyne  were  sold  in  1729  and  1732*^  by  Joseph  Ledgard  and  Jane  his 
wife,  and  Anne  Newton,  which  Jane  and  Anne  were  granddaughters  and 
co-heirs  in  law  of  Lancelot  Newton  the  elder,  and  by  William  Newton  of 
Newcastle,  a  younger  son  of  the  said  Lancelot  Newton,  in  whom  the  estate 
or  some   part    of  it   was  vested,   to   George   Bowes  of  Gibside,^  by  whose 

'  The  arms  of  Newton  are  stated  to  be :  Tieo  shin  bones  in  saltire,  the  sinister  surmounted  of  the  dexter, 
a  crescent  for  difference ;  crest :  an  arm  embowed  habited  holding  in  the  hand  a  shin  bone;  Newton  tomb- 
stone (1668)  in  St.  Nicholas,  Newcastle.     Cf.  Welford,  Monuments  in  St.  Nicholas'  church,  Newcastle. 

=  Cal.  Pat.  Rolls,  i  Edw.  IV.  p.  no;  ibid.  4  Edw.  IV.  p.  328. 

'  Exch.  Decrees  and  Orders,  series  i.,  book  25,  p.  66.  Exch.  Depos.  Easter  Term,  41  Eliz.  No.  34. 
Original  Exchequer  Decrees,  Michaelmas,  42  Eliz.    Cf.  ^Sth  Report  of  Depl.  Keeper  of  Public  Records,  p.  406. 

■"  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey.  ^  Arch.  Ael.  4to  series,  vol.  ii.  pp.  320  and  323. 

=  P.R.O.  Subsidy  Roll,  J  jf.  '  Depositions  from  York  Castle,  Raine,  p.  228;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  40. 

'  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  deeds. 

'  George  Bowes  of  Gibside  voted  for  freehold  lands  at  Stocksfield-hall  in  1734.     Poll  Book, 


26o  THE    TARISH    OF    HYWEI.I,    ST.    ANDREW. 

family  the  premises  had  previously  been  held  in  mortgage.  With  the  family 
of  Bowes  the  place  remained  until  iSoi,  when  it  was  sold  by  John,  earl  of 
Strathmore,  to  William  Fenwiek  of  Bywell.'  On  the  enclosure  of  Apperley 
common  in  1817,  118  acres  were  awarded  to  the  Rev.  Septimus  Hodson  and 
Frances  his  wife  (widow  of  Mr.  William  Fenwiek),  in  lieu  of  the  riq;ht  of 
common  of  pasture  belonging  to  their  farmhold  of  Stockslield-hall.  It  was 
sold  by  them,  with  Bywell,  to  Mr.  T.  W.  Beaumont  and  has  since  then 
formed  part  of  the  Bywell  estates. 

SURTEES   OF  STOCKSFTELD. 

Robert  Surtees  of  Hindley,  in  1684  purchased  lands  in  Stocksfield  (a)  [?  a  younger  =t  Dorothy  Walker  ;  bond  of  mar- 
son  of  William  Surtees  of  Hedley  Wood-head]  ;  buried  8th  July,  1707  (i5).  I       riage,  4th  September,  1682. 

Walker  Surtees  of  Stocksfield,  who,  in  1709,  purchased  =  Elizabeth  Watson  of  Hexham,  sp. ;   bond  of  marriage  22nd 

from  Barth.  Kent,  cooper,  certain  lands  at  Stocksfield  November,  1707;  articles  before  marriage  20th  November, 

called  Kent's  Close  and  Drake-pool  ;  will  dated  gth  1707  (_a)  ;  married  26th  November,  1707  (/;) ;  to  whom  her 

September,  1737(a)  ;  voted  for  lands  at  Stocksfield  at  husband  gave  a  house  in  Hexham;  living  there  a  widow 

the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1710,  1715,  1721  2nd  May,  1749  («) ;  died  at  Hexham  1 6th  June,  1767(7)  ; 

and  1734  (c)  ;  buried  22nd  October,  1737  (i).  will  dated  17th  June,  1751  (e)  ;  proved  1773  (e). 


I  I 

Robert  Surtees  of  Newcastle  and  of  Stocksfield,  baptised  6th  October,  1714  (/<);  to         James    Surtees,    second     son, 

whom  hisfather  gave  hislandsat  Broomley,l)roomhaugh,Hroad-oak, and  certain  baptised  28th  August,    1717 

lands  in   Hexham  («)  ;  was  residing  in  Newcastle  in  174S,  when  he  voted  at  the  {/>)  ;  to  whom  his  father  gave 

election  of  knights  of  the  shire  (c)  ;  [?  buried  31st  January,  17S0  ((/)].  a  close  at  Hexham  (n) ;  bur. 

29  Sept.,  1740  (/O. 


Dorothy,  baptised  loth  November,  1708  (i')  ;  married  21st  June,  1734  (i),  C'uthbert  Surtees  of  Ebchester,  afterwards 
of  Newbiggin,  near  Hexham  (a),  and  died  January,  1757,  aged  49  ;  [his  will  dated  1st  December,  1759  (;)].  4, 

Mary,  baptised  14th  June,  1710  (1^),  to  whom  her  father  gave  .^250  ;  living  unmarried  at  Hexham  2nd  May,  1749  (a)  ; 
will  dated  25th  February,  1750/1,  proved  1751  (c). 

Elizabeth,  baptised  2Sth  .\ugust,  1712  (^i). 

Jane,  baptised  14th  September,  1720  (i')  ;  married  George  Gibson  of  Westwood,  near  Hexham  ;  living  2nd 
May,  1749  (a).       4, 

(a)  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  deeds.  ((/)  Ovi>ig/:am  Register. 

l/i)  Bvwell  St.  Peter  Registers.  {e)     Raine,  Test.  Elwr. 

(c)  Poll  Boot.  (/)  Newcastle  Courant,  20th  June,  1767. 

By  articles  of  agreement  made  iith  January,  1683/4,  Robert  Newton 
of  Stocksfield  agreed  to  sell  a  moietv  of  Stocksfield  to  Robert  Surtees  of 
Hindley.  The  agreement  was  carried  into  execution  under  the  direction 
of  the  Court  of  Chancery  on  the  i6th  April,  1684,  by  deeds  of  bargain  and 
sale  executed  by  Thomas  Newton  of  Eachwick  and  Robert  Newton  of 
Broomley."  Robert  Surtees  of  Hindley  was,  apparently,  a  son  of  William 
Surtees  of  Hedley  Woodhead,  in  the  parish  of  Ovingham.      His  grandson, 

'  Dent  MS.  Canon  Raine's  Papers.  '  Miss  Hedley's  MSS. 


BROOMHAUGH    TOWNSHIP.  26 1 

Robert  Surtees  of  Newcastle/  and  his  trustees,  on  2nd  May,  1749,^ 
conveyed  the  lands  in  Stocksfield  and  Broomley  ^  to  William  Fenwick  of 
Bywell,  and  since  that  time  this  portion  of  Stocksfield  has  remained  part 
of  the  Bywell  estates. 

A  chapel  dedicated  to  St.  Helen  is  stated  to  have  stood  near  the  south 
end  of  the  old  bridge  near  the  spot  where  steps  used  to  lead  down  to 
the  salmon  lock.  Nothing  is  known  of  its  history,  and  the  last  stones 
of  the  structure  were  carried  away  for  building  purposes  some  fifty  or  Sixty 
years  ago.* 

TOWNSHIP   OF   BROOMHAUGH. 

The  township  of  Broomhaugh  abuts  on  the  Tyne  and  comprises  an  area 
of  829  acres.  It  is  well  timbered  by  the  woodlands  known  as  East-wood, 
Middle-wood,  West-wood,  Juniper-hill  and  Whiteside,  and  contains  the 
homesteads  of  High  and  Low  Shilford  and  the  hamlet  of  Broomhaugh.* 
Here  are  situated  the  parsonage  house  belonging  to  Bywell  St.  Andrew, 
built  in  1868  to  replace  the  ancient  vicarage  house  which  adjoined  the  parish 
church,  and  a  Baptist  chapel,  built  or  rebuilt  in  1842.  There  is  an  old 
burial  ground  adjoining  it.     In  1901  there  was  a  population  of  242." 

'  1748,  24th  June.  Robert  Surtees  of  Newcastle,  gent.,  eldest  son  and  heir  and  also  devisee  of 
Walker  Surtees  of  Stocksfield,  deceased,  and  brother  and  heir  of  James  Surtees  of  the  same  place, 
deceased,  conveyed  his  estates  to  his  brother-in-law,  George  Gibson  of  Westwood,  gent.,  in  trust,  viz.: 
a  farmhold  in  15roomley,  then  in  mortgage  to  Mary  Surtees,  sister  of  the  said  Robert ;  a  farmhold 
called  Broad  Oak,  and  a  farmhold  at  Broomhaugh,  both  in  the  occupation  of  the  said  Robert,  and  a 
farmhold  at  Stocksfield,  also  in  his  own  occupation  but  in  mortgage  to  Cuthbert  Surtees  of  Ebchester, 
gent.     Ex  Surtees  deeds.  Bell  Collection. 

^  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  Deeds. 

'  To  be  sold,  a  freehold  estate  at  Stoxfield,  consisting  of  a  capital  house  for  a  gentleman's  seat, 
lands,  etc.,  worth  ^60  a  year;  a  freehold  at  Bromley  of  ^15  per  annum;  a  freehold  at  Broomhaugh  of 
^10  per  annum;  a  freehold  called  15road  Oak  of  ^10  per  annum,  etc.,  late  the  estate  of  Mr.  Robt. 
Surtees.     Newcastle  Courant,  19th  November,  1748. 

*  Cf.  Rev.  Anthony  Johnson's  paper  on  'Bywell,'  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  xiii.  p.  95. 

■''  On  the  6th  of  April,  1820,  there  died  at  Broomhaugh  John  Brand  Umfrevill,  captain  R.N.,  who  was 
buried  four  days  later  at  Hexham.  He  was  the  only  surviving  son  of  William  Umfrevill,  a  member  of 
the  Merchant  Adventurers'  Company,  afterwards  keeper  of  the  poor-house  of  St.  Nicholas'  parish,  and 
was  baptised  at  St.  John's  church,  7tli  November,  1784,  being  named  after  his  godfather,  John  Brand, 
the  historian  of  Newcastle.  His  father  dying  when  he  was  five  years  of  age,  he  was  brought  up  by 
Mr.  Johnson,  a  wine  merchant  in  Newcastle,  at  the  charge  of  the  then  l3uke  of  Northumberland, 
who  continued  his  kindness  to  him  throughout  his  life.  Mr.  Surtees  traces  Captain  Umfrevill's 
lineal  descent  through  William  Umfrevill,  who  lived  at  Isleworth  and  Farnham  Royal  at  the  close 
of  the  sixteenth  century.      Cf.  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  pp.  394-6. 

°  The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,  93;  1811,  105;  1821,  116;  1831,  115;  1841,  100;  1S51,  134; 
1861,151;  1871,153;  1881,222;  1891,234;  1901,242. 


262  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I,  ST.    ANDREW. 

The  vill  of  Broomhanuli  in  ancient  times  inchukd  the  hamlets  of  Riding 
and  Lee  and  formed  part  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec.  Under  the  form  of 
Brunhalwe  it  occurs  in  the  Testa  dc  A^cvi/I} 

In  1262  there  were  in  Bromehalu  one  bond  tenant  who  held  30  acres, 
and  paid  40s.  6d.  for  ferm  and  works  ;  six  men  who  held  together  24  acres, 
and  paid  24s.  ;  two  men  who  held  28  acres,  and  paid  i6s. ;  and  three  men 
who  held  together  50  acres,  together  with  the  brew-house,  paying  in  all 
3 IS.  6d.  Eleven  cottars  together  held  15  acres  and  i  rood,  and  for  ferm  and 
works  paid  27s.  4d.  There  were  also  three  potters  who  paid  for  their 
cottages  and  works  3s.  gd.,  and  for  clay  and  for  fuel  obtained  in  Styford 
woods  1 6s.  A  free  widow  held  seven  acres  of  land,  and  paid  i2d.  and 
one  pound  of  cummin.  The  sum  received  by  the  lord  was  £1  los.  2d. 
and  one  pound  of  cummin  yearly." 

The  name  of  only  one  tenant  is  known  at  this  period.  At  the 
Northumberland  Assizes  in  1287- 1288,  there  was  an  action  respecting  the 
custody  of  the  lands  of  John  de  Middleton  during  his  minority,  which  was 
claimed  bv  Walter  de  Huntercombe  as  lord  of  the  manor  of  Styford.  A 
charter  was  produced  to  prove  that  the  said  Walter  had  granted  to  William 
de  Middleton,  father  of  John,  all  his  lands  in  Shotley,  Black  Hedley,  'Aller- 
sete,'  and  Newbigging  (near  Blanchland),  together  with  the  land  of  Geoffrey 
the  Norman  in  Sheldeford.^  Walter  de  Huntercome  was  the  husband  of 
Alice,  second  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec,  and  survived  his 
wife,  whose  lands  he  enjoyed  by  the  courtesy  of  England,  until  his  death  in 
1314.  The  Lady  Alice,  therefore,  cannot  be  the  widow  lady  of  that  name 
mentioned  in  the  subsidy  roll  of  1296. 

I5R0MHALD  Subsidy  Roli,,  1296. 

Summa  bonorum  Gilberti  filii  praepositi 
„  Dominae  Aliciae  viduae 

„  Ingrami  de  molendino 

„  Eliae  Pynkeney 

Summa  hiijiis  villae,  £y  iis.  id.     Unde  regi,  13s.  gd. 

Ralph  de  Greystoke,  grandson  of  Margery,  another  of  the  daughters  and 
co-heirs  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec,  died  on  the  3rd  of  July,  1323,  seised  of  two 
husbandlands  in  Bromhalgh,  each  of  which  comprised  a  toft,  a  croft,  and 

■  Testa  de  Nevill,  p.  3S2.  -'  Inq.  p. 111.  Hugonis  de  Bolbec,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25. 

■'  Norihumbertand  Assize  Rolls,  16  Edw.  I.     Duke  of  Northumberland's  Transcript,  p.  270. 


£    s.      H. 

s. 

d. 

I    16     9     unde  regi 

3 

4 

2    I  1      I 

4 

7l 

I    17     0 

3 

4i 

163 

2 

4l 

broomhauGh  township.  263 

seven  acres  of  land.  In  time  of  peace  they  were  worth  5s.  a  year  each, 
but  at  that  time  were  worth  nothing,  nor  was  the  mill,  'because  no  suit 
is  had  to  it ; '  nor  was  any  rent  obtainable  for  a  toft  and  croft  which  used 
to  yield  5s.  2d.' 

Bromhalgh  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 

Willelmus  filius  Thoniae,  6s.  Scl. ;  Robertus  del  Ley,  4s.  4d.  ;  Petrus  del  Ley,  3s.  4d. ;  Thomas 
Iveston,  5s.;  Willelmus  Wyld,  as.;  Hugo  del  Ley,  3s.  Sd.;  Johannes  de  Neuton,  4s.;  Thomas  Wysman, 
3s.;  Willelmus  de  Hyndley,  4s.  7jd. ;  Thomas  de  Neuton,  5s.     Summa,  41s.  7jd. 

Sir  John  de  Lancaster,  knight,  son  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec's  third  daughter 
Philippa,  died  childless  in  1334,  and  his  widow  Annora  had  his  purparty  of 
the  manor  of  Styford,  including  Bromhalgh  and  Rydding,  for  her  dower.* 

Sir  John  de  Lancaster  granted  to  Walter  le  Ken  of  Bromhalgh  a  toft 
and  seven  acres  of  land  at  that  place,  but  the  king's  licence  not  having  been 
obtained  to  alienate,  an  inquisition  was  taken  at  Corbridge  on  Whitsun  eve, 
1342,  to  ascertain  whether  it  would  be  to  the  king's  loss  if  Matilda, 
daughter  and  heiress  of  Walter  le  Keu  of  Bromhalgh,  were  permitted  to 
have  them  again  {rchabere)? 

On  Friday  the  13th  of  October,  1346,  the  barony  of  Bolbec  was  raided 
by  the  Scots,  who  destroyed  and  wasted  Broomhaugh,  Shilford,  Riding, 
Merchenley,  Slaley,  Shotley,  Styford,  and  other  places."*  Four  days 
afterwards  the  Scots  were  defeated  at  the  battle  of  Nevill's  Cross. 

Sir  Robert  Herle,  knight,  who  died  in  1364,  at  the  time  of  his  death 
held  the  vill  of  Bromhalgh,  which,  with  its  members  and  the  mill,  was 
worth  £6  per  annum.  His  heir  was  Sir  Ralph  de  Hastings,  knight,  son 
of  his  sister  Margaret.^ 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Radulfi  de  Greystoke,  17  Edw.  IL  No.  72. 

"  Annora  quae  fuit  u.\or  Johannis  de  Lancaster  tenet  die  qua  obiit  ad  term,  vitae  suae  medietatem 
manerii  de  Anyerton  et  Hedon  super  Murum  cum  pertinentiis,  unacum  quibusdam  terris  in  Styford, 
Rydding,  Hromhalgh,  Spiriden,  Thorneburgh,  Sopyngsop,  Newbiggin,  Birkenside,  Shottele  et  Slaueley, 
de  rege  in  capite  ut  de  corona,  per  servitium  med.  baroniae,  viz.  per  servitium  j  feodi  militis  et  dim. 
etc.  remanere  unde  Willelmo  de  Herle  et  heredibus  suis  spectante.     Dodsicorth  MS.  vol.  82,  fol.  74. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  16  Edw.  HI.  second  numbers,  No.  34;  Originalia,  16  Edw.  III.  rot.  95;  Hodgson, 
Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  317. 

'  Qui  dicunt  per  sacramentum  suum  quod  de  terris  et  tenementis  domini  Willelmi  de  Craistok'  ac 
tenencium  suorum  infra  comitatum  Northumbriae  sunt  totaliter  [dep]redatae  et  conibustae  die  Veneris 
proxima  ante  festum  Sancti  Lucie  {sic)  Ewangelistae  anno  regni  regis  Edwardi  praedicte  xx'"",  tam  de 
domibus  et  bladis  et  aliis  bonis  inmobilibus  combustis  et  destructis  quam  de  bobus,  vaccis,  affris  et 
aliis  catallis  mobilibus  captis  et  depredatis  ]3er  ultimum  accessum  Scotorum  et  inimicorum  hostiliter 
destructis  infra  baroniam  de  Bolbec  in  dicto  comitatu  villae  subscriptae,  videlicet  villa  de  Bromhalgh 
cum  iiiembris.  videlicet  le  Ley  et  le  Rydyng,  et  Neubiggyng  in  Styford.  Inq.  .i.Q.D.  21  Edw.  III. 
No.  32.     See  also  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  402. 

'^  Inq.  p.m.  Roberti  Herle,  38  Edw.  III.,  first  numbers.  No.  23. 


264 


THE    PARISH    OF    nYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 


The  lands  acquired  by  William  de  Middleton  about  1280  are  represented 
by  the  lands  at  Shildeford,  Sperydon,  Hole-rawe,  and  Crokydake,  which  were 
held  by  Sir  John  de  Middleton  at  his  death,  on  the  9th  of  August,  1396.'  His 
widow,  Christina,  who  was  jointly  enfeoffed  of  the  same,  survived  her 
husband  until  the  loth  of  March,  1401/2.  In  the  inquisition  taken  on  her 
death  it  was  found  that  she  was  seised  of  thirty  acres  of  land  and  four  acres 
of  meadow  in  Sheldeford,  held  of  Ralph,  earl  of  Westmorland,  as  of  his 
lordship  of  Styford  ;  the  premises  were  vested  in  Alan  Hepescote,  clerk, 
Robert  de  Penreth,  burgess  of  Newcastle,  Thomas  Catour  and  William 
de  Kellowe,  in  trust  for  the  said  John  and  Christina,  and  'nowadays 
on  account  of  the  destruction  of  the  Scotch  and  the  barrenness  of  the 
countryside'  were  not  worth  more  than  I2d.  a  year.' 

In  1426,  the  vill  of  Bromehaulgh  comprised  six  messuages,  each  of 
which  was  worth  6d.  a  year  beyond  reprises,  200  acres  of  arable  land  worth 
id.  an  acre,  300  acres  of  waste  worth  nothing,  and  100  acres  of  wood  which 
brought  in  nothing  because  there  was  no  underwood.  The  water  mill  was 
in  ruins.'  The  township  remained  in  the  possession  of  the  Nevills  until  the 
attainder  of  Charles,  the  last  earl  of  Westmorland. 


Bromehalgh, 

1524.* 

Tene- 

Rent. 

Tenant.                                                                 ment. 

Late  Tenant. 

s. 

d. 

Edward  Wilkynson     ...             ...             ...         i 

— 

21 

3i 

John  Ussher,  and  John  Ussher,  junior    ...         i 

— 

14 

9i 

John  Ussher i 

John  Wales 

6 

4 

Wilham  Horseley i 

— 

7 

7 

Ric.  Fyrbek i 

Thomas  Short 

1 1 

3 

Thos.  Huddespeth i 

Thomas  Hords 
Total 

II 

10 

11 

I 

Bromehaugh, 

1570.^ 

Kent 

Tenant.                                                   HoKiing. 

Tenure. 

i    s. 

.i 

Thomas  Carnaby     ...     i  messuage  called  Shelford,  etc. 

I'ly  lease  dated  4th  Jan.,  1 

565/6 

I     17 

S 

Christofer  Hudspeth       i  tenement,  etc 

2Sth  Aug. 

1566 

0    13 

-1 

Agnes  Usher            ...      i  messuage,  etc.  ... 

20th  Aug., 

1566 

0     7 

I 

George  Horseley     ...     i  tenement,  etc 

20th  Aug., 

1566 

0     8 

5 

Edward  Wylkenson         i  messuage,  etc.  ... 

„              20th  .Sept. 

1566 

0   19 

10 

Inq.  jy.m.  Johannis  de  Middleton,  Hodgson,  Nortluimhcrland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  354. 
'  Inq.  p.m.  Christ,  de  Middleton,  9  Hen.  V.  No.  54. 

Iitq.  p.m.  Ralf  Nevill,  4  Hen.  VI.  No.  37.  '  P.R.O.  Rentals  and  Surveys,  portfolio  J:J. 

Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey. 


BrooMMaugh  township. 


265 


Tenant. 

Thomas  Usher 
William  Ferebeck 
Andrew  Taylour 

James  Sharperowe 


Tenant. 

William  Carnaby 

Henry  Usher 
William  Smith      ...      i 

John  Pearson        ...     1 
Thomas  Hudspeth        1 

Thomas  Usher     ...  i 

William  Horsley  ...  I 

George  Fairbeck  ...  i 

William  Tayler     ...  A 

Peter  Driden 


Bromeh.vugh,  1570  (continued). 

Holding.  Tenure. 

I  messuage,  etc. ...         ...          ..  By  lease  dated  20th  Aug.,  1566  .. 

I  messuage,  etc „              20th  Aug.  (1566) .. 

A    moiety    of    a     close    called 

'Mattheyfeud'        „              3rd  Aug.,  1566     .. 

I  enclosure  parcel  of  Wattesfeld  „              12th  Jan.,  1566/7.. 

.Sum    ... 
Tenants  Holding  by  Lease  in  Bkomehaugh,  160S.' 

Holding.  Former  Tenant.  Tenure. 


Rent. 
£  s.  d. 
I       2      8i 

o  12     7i 


£6    6    9i 


Michael  Whalton. 


Value 
Rent,     beyond  rent, 
s.      d.        £     s.      d. 

I   tenement  (called     Thomas  Carnabie  ...     By    letters     patent 
.Shilford)  ...  dated    8th    Aug., 

1607,  for  40  years     53     8       500 
I  tenement  ...     Thomas  Usher       ...     'By    lease    almoste 

expired'  ...     22     8A     4     o    o 

I         „  ...     Edward  Wilkinson...     By    letters     patent 

dated    8th   Aug., 

1607,  for  40  years     19   10       3     o    o 
I         „  ...     Cuthbert  Pearson  ...         „  „  10    o       i    10    o 

...     Christofer  Hudspeth     'But    shevveth    no- 

thingeforthesame'    12     23     2     o    o 
...     Agnes  Usher  ...         „  „  7     i       i     o    o 

...     George  Horsley      ...         „  „  85134 

...     William  Fairbeck  ...         „  „  12     75     2     o     o 

(called  By     letters     patent 

Matherfielde)...  dated    8th   Aug., 

1607,  for  40  years       3     4       0100 
I  tenement  and  a  water  corn  mill  called     By    letters     patent 
the  Ridinge  Mill,  late  in  the  tenure  of        dated   i8th    July, 
John  Sharperooe.     Yearly  rent  to  the         1595,  for  21  years     110       400 
priory    of    Blanchland,    13s.    4d.,   and 
to  this  manor,  i  is. 
An  intake  called  Watsgreene,  Hunter-hill,         „  „  12   10      2     5     o 

etc.,  etc. 
Heley  water  corn-mill  ...         „  „  10    o      3     6     8 


Sum  total  of  the  lands  in  Bromchaugh 


,  {sic)  183   loA^29  15     o 


It  will  be  observed  that  no  free  tenants  occur  in  the  lists  of  1524  or 
1570  or  in  that  of  1608. 

The  earl  of  Westmorland's  confiscated  lands  remained  in  the  Crown 
until  the  reign  of  Charles  I.,  when  by  letters  patent  dated  June  2nd,  1625, 
certain  lands  '  in  Bromehaughe  with  Redinge  and  le  Ley  '  were  granted  to 
George  Whitmore  and  others  in   part  satisfaction  of  large  sums  of  money 


'  The  tenants  had  common  of  pastuie  on  'Standonfell.'     Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey. 
Vol.  VI. 


34 


266  THE    I'AKISH    OF    HVWKI.I.    SI'.    ANDRKW. 

boriowcd  of  llicin  bv  the  late  king.'  Other  lands  at  Broniehaugh  of  the 
yearly  rent  of  /6  6s.  9|d.,  the  intacks  called  Rntt-greene,  Hunter  hill, 
Bridgholnie,  and  le  Ileland  of  the  yearly  rent  of  2s.  6d.,  the  increase  on 
several  leases  of  lands  there  reserved  for  provision  of  the  king's  house- 
hold, amounting  to  23s.  iid.  yearly,  which  premises  in  Broniehaugh  are 
of  the  yearly  value  of  ^  7  13s.  2|d.,  were  granted  September  5th,  1628, 
to  Edward  Ditchfield  and  others,  citizens  of  London,"  who  in  1630 
conveyed  the  barony  of  Bolbec,  lands  at  Shilford,  and  other  vills,  to 
Roger  Fenwick  and  John  Heath,  and  two  years  later  John  Heath  sold 
lands  in  Shilford  to  George  Baker.  From  these  grants  the  present  free- 
holders derive  their  titles. 

In  1663,  Christopher  Hudspeth,  Thomas  Usher,  John  Rowcastle,  Henry 
Ridley,  and  Sir  George  Baker  of  Crook,  were  rated  at  ^32  for  lands  in 
Broomhaugh ;  and  Mr.  Thomas  Errington  of  Newcastle  was  rated  at  ^24 
for  Shilford.' 

Broomehaugh  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665.' 
Ralph  Aiigis,  two  chimneys ;  Mathew  Forster,  Thomas  Usher,  John  Usher,^  Widdow  Ridley,  William 
Smith,  Christopher  Hudspeth,  each  one  chimney;  Thomas  Frisell,  Widdow  Mugyin,  Elizabeth  Usher, 
and  John  Rowcastle,  not  payable. 

George  Baker  of  Crook,  in  1683,  purchased  certain  lands  in  Broomhaugh 
from  Alexander  Riddell  of  Hexham,  gent.,  and  John  Heron,  of  the  same 
place,  tanner;  his  descendant,  of  the  same  name,  in  1765,  received  an 
allotment  on  Bolbec  common  in  lieu  of  the  rights  of  common  of  pasture 
appurtenant  to  his  tenements  of  Broomhaugh  and  Shilford.  In  1776,  Mr. 
Baker  sold  lands  in  these  places  to  Thomas  Ismay  of  Crow-hall,  in  the  county 
of  Durham,  and  Joseph  Dunn  of  Newcastle,  who  on  the  12th  of  April,  1791, 
entered  into  articles  of  agreement  for  the  division  of  the  estate.  In  1797, 
Thoiuas  Ismay,  at  that  time  residing  at  Briscoe-hall,  Cumberland,  sold  his 
moiety  to  George  Potts  of  Netherton,  whose  will  is  dated  29th  November, 
1797.  Mr.  George  Potts  was  succeeded  by  his  only  son,  Matthew  Potts, 
by  whose  daughters,  and  their  representatives,  Shilford-house  and  West 
Shilford,  together  comprising  433  acres,  were  sold  in  1849  ^^  -^^r.  W.  B. 
Beaumont." 

'  Patent  Rolls,  I  Chas.  I.  pt.  4.  '  Ibi't  4  Chas.  I.  pt.  35. 

^  Book  0/  Rates.     Hodgson,  Northuiiihcrlcunl,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  286.  '  P.R.O.  Siibsiily  Roll,  jjl. 

'  May  4,  1658.     John  Usher,  son  of  John  Usher  of  Broomhaugh,  yeoman,  apprenticed  to  William 
Milburn  of  Newcastle,  hoastman.     Newcastle  Hoastmcn,  Dendy,  Surtees  Society. 
'  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  Deeds. 


BROOMHAUGH    TOWNSHIP.  267 

In  1768,  Miss  Mary  Allgood  purchased  from  John  Rutherford  of 
Hexham,  glazier,  a  field  in  Broonihaugh,  which  Mr.  William  Bainbridge, 
whom  she  subsequently  married,  sold  in  1815  to  Hugh  Shield  of  Newcastle 
for  the  sum  of  ;^  120.  This  field,  with  a  house  erected  thereon  by  Mr.  Shield, 
at  his  death  came  to  his  brother,  John  Shield,'  who,  after  enlarging  the 
house,  sold  it.'     It  now  belongs  to  Mr.  James  Scott. 

The  freeholders  who  voted  in  respect  of  lands  in  Broonihaugh  at  the 
election  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  17 10  were  Robert  Carr,  Christopher 
Rochester,  Thomas  Usher,  Cuthbert  Chicken,  and  John  Ridley  ;  in 
17 1 5,  Christopher  Rochester  of  Broomley,  Robert  Carr,  John  Ridley,  and 
Thomas  Usher;  in  1721  Thomas  Usher,  Robert  Carr,  Cuthbert  and  John 
Ridley  ;  in  1722,  Christopher  Rochester  of  Broomley,  Cuthbert  Ridley 
of  Mickley,  Thomas  Usher  of  Styford,  Robert  Carr,  John  Ridley,  John 
Ridley,  senior,  and  John  Angus;  in  1734,  John  Angus  of  Styford,  Thomas 
Usher  of  Morpeth,  Cuthbert  Ridley,  John  Ridkv  of  West  Acomb,  Robert 
Carr,  and  Thomas  Usher;  in  1748,  John  Angus  of  Styford,  Nicholas 
Byerley  of  Stocksfield,  John  Chicken  of  Cundy-heads,  Wilkinson  Kirsop 
of  Hexham,  William  Liddell  of  Byker,  John  Ridley  of  Acomb,  Cuthbert 
Ridley  of  Styford;  in  1774,  John  Bierley  of  Ovington,  John  Ridley  of 
Acomb,  Robert  Wilson  of  West  Renton  and  Jonathan  Angus  of  Shilford  ; 
in  1826,  George  Burdis  of  Newcastle,  'Sir'  Thomas  Heron  of  South 
Shields,  Henry  Jefferson  of  Black-hall,  Hugh  Shield,  and  Ralph  Wake  of 
Windmill  Hills. 

At  the  present  time,  the  landowners  in  Broonihaugh^  are  :  Miss  Bacon 
Grey,^  Broonihaugh  and  Whiteside  ;  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont,  Shilford  ;  Sir 
Jacob  Wilson,  Mr.  Edward  Lowry,  and  Mr.  James  Scott,  parcels  of  land 
at  Broomhaugh. 

'  Hugh  Shield  of  Broonihaugh  died  2ist  December,  1840,  aged  74  ;  M.I.  Bywell  St.  Peter.  John 
Shield  of  Newcastle  and  Broomhaugh  died  6th  August,  1S4S,  aged  80,  and  was  buried  at  Bywell  St. 
Andrew.  He  was  author  of  many  local  songs,  including  'My  Lord  Size,'  'Poor  Tom  the  Blind  Boy,' 
verses  addressed  to  Greathead,  one  of  the  inventors  of  the  lifeboat,  etc.  Cf.  Sykes,  Local  Records,  vol. 
iii.  p.  234. 

'  Bell  Collection. 

'  A  deed  granting  a  schoolhouse  at  Broomhaugh  and  a  residence  for  the  teaclier  was  enrolled  in 
1S58.     32»i?  Report  of  Deputy  Keeper  of  Public  Records,  vol.  ii.  app.  2,  p.  140. 

'  Miss  Bacon  Grey's  lands  are  held  by  the  same  title  as  her  lands  at  Riding,  which  will  be  noticed 
later. 


268  THF.    PARISH    OF    RYWF.I.l,    ST.    ANDREW. 

THE   TOWNSHIP   OF   RIDING. 

The  township  of  Riding  abuts  on  the  Tync,  and  from  its  north-west 
angle  southward  has  an  extreme  length  of  nearly  two  miles.  Towards  the 
south-west  the  land  rises,  at  the  Hemmels-fell,  to  a  height  of  500  feet  above 
sea-level;  it  is  watered  by  the  beautiful  Dipton  burn,  and  comprises  an  area 
of  1036  acres.  In  addition  to  the  hamlets  of  Riding  and  Riding-mill,  which 
adjoin  each  other,  the  township  contains  the  hamlets  and  homesteads  of 
Riding  Lea,  Riding-hills,  Red  Hemmels,  White  Hemmels,  etc.  St.  James's 
chapel-of-ease,  the  schools,  the  Terrace,  some  villa  residences,  etc.,  and  a 
station  on  the  North-Eastern  Railway,  are  situated  at  Riding-mill.  The 
population  in  1901  was  197.' 

As  the  vills  of  Riding  and  Lee  were  originally  members  of  Broomhaugh, 
neither  is  mentioned  in  the  enumeration  of  the  Bolbec  fees  given  in  the 
Testa  de  Nevill.  The  earliest  mention"  of  the  Riding  occurs  in  an  inquisition 
taken  in  1262  on  the  death  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec,  where  it  is  stated  that  the 
vill  comprised  seventeen  cottage  holdings,  to  which  appertained  twenty-six 
and  a  half  acres  of  land,  the  value  being  £2  3s.  io|d.  per  annum.  In  the 
Ley  there  were  six  bond-tenants  who  held  six  lands,  each  of  which  contained 
15  acres  ;  they  all  paid  for  farms  and  works  51s.  6d.  ;  a  cottar  paid  i8d.  for 
his  cottage  and  works.     The  value  of  the  Ley  was  53s.' 


RvDiNG  Subsidy 

Roll, 

1296. 

i 

s.     d. 

s.    d. 

Summa  bonorum  Eliae  Scopyn    ... 

1 

2     10 

uncle  regi 

3  loj 

„                 Johannis  fabri  ... 

0 

16     6 

i) 

r     6 

Willelmi  Pul     

0 

17   0 

•!•> 

I     6A 

„                Eliae  filii  Wyseman    ... 

0 

17     3 

It 

I     7 

Summa  hujiis  villae,  ^4   13s.  7d.     Unde  regi,  8s.  6d.  (s;V). 
L.\  Ley  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

i     s.    d.  s.      d. 

Summa  bonorum  Johannis  Redhod         ...         ...         257     unde  regi  4     \\ 

„  Johannis  filii  Alani       ...         ...  147  „  23 

„  Rogeri  del  la  Ley        ...         ...         i    11     2  „  2   10 

„  Alani  de  la  Ley  ...         ...         I     2   10  ,,  21 

Summa  hujus  villae,  £b  4s.  2d.     Unde  regi,  us.  3|d. 

'  The  Census  Returns  are  :  1801,  105;  iSil,  139;  1821,  135;  1831,  151  ;  1841,  132;  1851,  141; 
1861,  142  ;   1871,  206  ;   1S81,  213  ;   1891,  240  ;   1901,  197. 

-  It  is  possible,  however,  that  this  is  the  place  referred  to  in  the  Great  Roll  of  the  Pipe,  for  the  year 
1231,  when  the  sheriff,  amongst  the  amercements  by  four  justices,  returned  Raven  de  Riding  as  owing 
half  a  mark  for  disseisin  ;  his  son  Roger  owed  a  similar  sum  for  the  same  cause.  Both  sums  were 
still  owing  two  years  later.  Mag.  Rot.  Ptpae,  15  Hen.  III.  ;  Hodgson,  NorthiimberUind,  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii. 
pp.  164,  167.  3  inq,  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolebec,  46  Henry  IlL  No.  25. 


RIDING    TOWNSHIP.  269 

Ralph    de   Greystoke,   who   died   in   the   year   1323,  at  the  time  of  his 

death  was  seised  of  a  tenement  in  la  Lye,  which  comprised  a  toft,  a  croft, 

and  twelve  acres  of  land,  and  formerly  yielded  12s.  per  annum;   a  toft  and 

croft  which  in  time  of  peace  used  to   be  worth    i8d.   per  annum  ;    at   the 

time    of  the   inquisition    nothing    was  received   from   either   holding."       At 

the  Riding  he  was  seised  of  three  husbandlands,  each  of  which  comprised 

a  toft  and  five  acres  which  were  formerly  worth  21s.,  but  at  that  time  only 

paid   tos.     There  were  six  tenants  in  the  Riddinge  in  the  year    1524,  viz.  : 

Thomas  and   John   Lomley,  each  of  whom  paid  a  rent  of  17s.  ;    Nicholas 

Anderson,  who  paid  7s.  2d.;    Edward  Armstrong,  who  paid   los.  8d. ;   John 

Pareman,  who  held  seven  acres  of  arable  land  in  addition  to  his  messuage. 

and  paid  us.;  whilst  the  sixth  tenant,  John  Burn,  paid  20s.  per  annum  for 

the  mill.     The  value  of  the  vill  was  ^4  2s.   lod.     There  were  six  tenants 

in   the   Lee,   viz.,  John    Dobson,   William   Stobberd,    Edward   Smyth,   John 

Anderson,  Isabel    Dobson,   and   John   Forster,   who    held    at    rents    varying 

from  5s.  3d.  to  15s.      The  value  of  the  vill  was  50s.  6d."     No  evidence  has 

been    found    illustrating   the    history    of    these    places    during   the  fifteenth 

century,  at  which  period  they  formed  part  of  the  possessions  of  the  earls 

of  Westmorland ;  they  were  forfeited  to  the  Crown  by  the  rebellion  of  the 

last  earl  in  1569. 

RvDYNf;  AND  Le  Lye,  1570.'  jj^.^,, 

Tenant.  Holding  Tenure.  £      s.     d. 

John  Sharprowe    ...  I  messuage,  etc.,  and  a  By  lease  dated  i2tli  Jan.,  1566/7...     for2i  years...  on  o 
water   com    mill    in 
Rydyng,  etc. 

John  Lundley         ...  i  messuage,  etc.         ...  „  „      15th  Sept.,  1566 ...     for  10 years...   i      i  10 

John  Taylour         ...  i       „         „                 ...  „             „             „             ,,       ...         „         o  17  4 

Nicholas  Lombcley  i       „         „                 ...  „  „             „             „       ...         „         „     ...    i     2  6.* 

ThomasArmestrong  i       „         „                 ...  „  ,,             „             „       ...         „         „     ...  o   17  o 

Alexander  Foster ...  i       „         „                 ...  „  „             „             „       ...     for 21  years...  o  16  2 

Agnes  Usher         ...  i       „         „                  ...  „  „      4th  April,  1567    ...         „         „     ...  o     5  gi 

Margaret  Foster   ...  i       „         „                ...  held  at  the  lord's  will ...  o  12  o 

George  Thompson  i       „         „                ...  „            „            „         ...  o  14  9 

Margaret        Portus, 

widow,  late  wife  of 

William  Foster  ...  i       „         „                ...  „            „            „         ...015  10 

Executors  of  George 

Robynson            ...  i  messuage     ...         ...  by  lease  dated  15th  Sept.,  1566...     for2i  years...  o  10  o 

Cuthbert  Peirson           i  tenement      „  „             ,,             „       ...         „         „     ...  [o   10  o] 

John  Hearde          ...  a  water  corn  mill,  etc.  „  „             „             „       ...     for  loyears...  o  10  o 

Thomas  Foster      ...  a  cottajje         ...         ...  ...  ...         ...          ...         ...           ...           ...  o     2  o 


Sum 
'  Inq.  p.m.  Radulfi  de  Graistok,  17  Edw.  II.  No.  72. 
"  P.R.O.  Rentals  and  Surveys,  portfolio  \'i.  '  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey. 


:!70  TIIK    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

A  moiety,  if  not  the  whole,  of  one  of  the  water  corn-mills  at  Riding 
belonged  to  the  chantry  of  St.  John  at  Hrancepeth,  Unrham.  A  messuage  in 
By  well,  a  five-acre  close  in  the  parish  of  By  well,  called  Wattesfild,  and  the 
moiety  of  a  water  corn-mill  called  Rydinge  mylne,  'all  formerly  belonging 
to  St.  John's  chantry  in  Brauncepeth,'  in  consideration  of  a  competent  sum 
of  money  and  on  the  petition  of  George  Darcye,  esq.,  were  granted  22nd 
June,  1575,  to  John  Soukye  and  Percival  Gtinson,  to  hold  of  the  queen  as  of 
the  manor  of  East  Greenwich.' 

A  messuage  at  Rydinge  in  le  Lye,  in  the  tenure  of  Margaret  Foster 
at  the  rent  of  12s.,  and  a  tenement  in  the  same  place  in  the  tenure  of 
George  Thompson  at  the  rent  of  14s.  gd.,  parcel  of  the  earl  of  Westmor- 
land's possessions,  were  granted,  with  other  places,  on  June  7th,  1576,  for  a 
term  of  years,  to  William  Pattenson,  who  agreed  to  serve  the  queen  '  in  the 
north  part  from  time  to  time  when  need  is,  by  himself  or  by  sufficient  able 
men  with  horse  or  horses  and  in  warlike  apparell,  when  he  is  commanded 
or  called  bv  the  warden  or  lieutenant,  according  to  the  custom  of  the 
countrvside,  and  he  or  sufficient  able  men  shall  inhabit  the  said  tenements 
and  shall  at  their  own  cost,  dig  and  make  dikes,  hedges,  and  '  le  quickset ' 
round  the  possessions,'  by  the  direction  of  the  steward  of  the  court  or  the 
queen's  commissioners.'  ^ 

Nine  messuages  or  tenements  in  Rydynge  and  in  the  Lye,  in  the 
occupation  respectively  of  John  Lundley,  John  Taylor,  Nicholas  Lombley, 
Thomas  Armestronge,  Alexander  Foster,  Agnes  Ussher,  Margaret  Portus, 
widow,  the  e.xecutors  of  George  Robynson,  Cuthbert  Pereson  ;  a  cottage,  in 
the  occupation  of  Thomas  Foster;  a  messuage  and  water  corn-mill  in  Rydynge, 
in  the  tenure  of  John  Sharperowe  ;  another  water  corn-mill  with  suit,  soc, 
watercourse  and  multure,  in  the  tenure  of  John  Hearde,  parcel  of  the  barony 
of  Bolbec,  and  of  the  possessions  of  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland,  were 
granted  12th  November,  1576,  to  Sir  Francis  Russel  for  a  term  of  years, 
under  similar  covenant  for  the  provision  of  able  men  to  serve  the  queen 
and  for  diking  and  ditching,  as  is  set  out  in  the  lease  above  mentioned  to 
William  Pattenson.^ 

Under  similar  provisions  for  diking  and  ditching  and  for  the  provision  of 
men  to  serve  in  arms,  lands  at  the  Riding  and  the  Lee  were  granted  on  the 
i8th  of  July,  1595,  to  John  Ward,  gent.,  to  hold  for  a  period  of  twenty-one 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  17  Eliz.  pt.  5.  '  //'/</.  18  Eliz.  pt.  3.  ^  p,,/,  j^olls,  18  Eliz.  pts.  5  and  18. 


RIDING   TOWNSHIP. 


271 


years.'  Under  this  lease,  the  sub-tenants  held  their  tenements  when  the  new 
survey  was  made  in  1608,  at  which  time  the  tenants  of  Riding  had  common  of 
pasture  on  the  Marchburn  fells,  Raw-bush,  and  Whitelees,  while  those  of 
the  Lee  had  theirs  on  Marchburn  and  Mickley  fells." 


Tenant. 

William  Lumbley 

John  Ridley 
Robert  Tayler 
Thomas  Bate 


Tenant. 

John  Hedley 


Tenants  holding  by  lease  in  Ridinge,  1608. 

Tenement.  Former  Tenant. 


By   letteis    patent  dated   iSth 
July,  1595,  for  21  years  ... 


William  Lumbley   . 

Nicholas  Lumbley  . 
John  Tayler... 
Robert  StockhiU     , 


Tenants  holding  by  lease  in  Leigh,  160S. 

Former  Tenant. 

I  tenement     George  Thompson 


By  letters  patent  dated 
iSth  July,  1595 
„  Margaret  Partus,  widow  „ 

„  Ale.xander  Foster         ...  „ 

„  Widow  Bate      ...         ...  „ 

„  Agnes  Usher     „ 

cottage        Thomas  Fotherley       ...  „ 

All  the  tenants  of  the  Lee  hold  among  them  a  parcel  of  ground  called  an  intacke, 
containing^,  by  estimation,  5  acres    ... 


Cuthbert  Foster.. 
Henry  Foster     .. 
George  Bate 
Henry  Lomley  .. 
George  Harrison 


i 

Rent. 
s.       d. 

Value 

beyond  rent. 

£    s.      d. 

1 

I 

10 

3 

0      0 

I 

-7 

7 

3 

3     4 

0 

7 

4 

2 

0    0 

0 

7 

0 

-> 

10    0 

£3 

8 

9 

^10 

13     4 

i 

Rent, 
s.     d. 

Value 
beyond  rent. 
C    s.      d. 

0 

14 

9 

I 

10    0 

0 

'5 

10 

2 

0    0 

0 

16 

4 

-) 

3     4 

0 

12 

0 

I 

13     4 

0 

5 

10 

0 

13     4 

0 

-> 

0 

0 

5     0 

0 

I 

8 

0 

6     8 

Sum  total  of  the  lands  in  the  Leigh 


(s")^3     8     9    ji'S   u     8 


A  messuage  in  Rydinge,  with  all  the  lands  thereto  belonging,  the  water 
corn-mill  in  Rydinge  and  the  Ley,  parcel  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec,  late  in 
the  tenure  of  John  Shearprowe,  of  the  yearly  value  of  lis.,  the  water  corn- 
mill  in  Rydinge  and  the  Ley,  parcel  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec,  late  in  the 
tenure  of  John  Heard,  of  the  yearly  value  of  los.,  both  of  which  were  parcel 
of  the  possessions  of  Charles,  late  earl  of  Westmorland,  attainted,  were 
granted,  19th  May,  1609,  to  Edward  Ferrers  of  London,  mercer,  and  Francis 
Philipps  of  London,  gent.,  to  hold  of  the  king  as  of  the  manor  of  East 
Greenwich.' 

Four  messuages  in  Ridinge,  then  or  late  in  the  tenures  respectively  of 
William  Lombley  (late  John  Lyndley  alias  Lundley),  John  Tailor,  John 
Ridley  (late  Nicholas  Lombley),  Robert  Stokell  (late  Thomas  Armestrong); 


'  Ibid.  37  Eliz.  pts.  5  and  18. 


Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey. 


■'  Pat.  Rolls,  7  Jas.  I.  pt.  16. 


272  THE  PARISH  OP  BYWELL  ST.  ANDREW. 

a  messuage  in  the  Lye,  late  in  the  tenure  of  Alexander  Foster,  and  at  lliat 
time  in  the  possession  of  Henry  Foster,  parcel  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec  late 
belonging  to  Charles,  carl  of  Westmorland,  were  granted,  lOth  April,  1610, 
to  Eldred  and  Whitmore  for  a  term  of  sixty  years.' 

A  messuage  in  the  Lye,  late  in  the  tenure  of  Margaret  Foster,  and 
in  that  of  George  Bate,  of  the  yearly  value  of  12s.,  parcel  of  the 
barony  of  Bolbec,  and  of  the  possessions  of  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland, 
was  granted,  31st  August,  16 10,  to  Eldred  and  Whitmore,  for  the  term 
of  sixty  years.^ 

At  the  Ecclesiastical  Court  at  Durham,  in  1621,  proceedings  were  taken 
against  George  Crawford,  schoolmaster  at  lez  Leigh,  in  the  parish  of  Bywell 
St.  Andrew,  '  for  teaching  schole  there  since  Easter  last  without  lycence, 
and  for  teaching  them  popishe  manuell  and  other  authors  not  allowed.' ' 

On  the  2nd  of  June,  1625,  the  barony  of  Bolbec  and  certain  lands  in 
Bromehaughe  with  Eedinge,  and  le  Ley,  parcel  of  the  said  barony,  of 
the  yearly  rent  of  _^i8  17s.  yd.,  were  granted  to  Edward  Allen,  Robert 
Ducie,  George  Whitmore,  and  other  citizens  of  London,  in  part  satisfaction 
for  a  large  sum  of  money  lent  by  the  city  of  London  to  the  late  king 
James  L^  Three  years  later,  on  the  5th  of  September,  1628,  at  the  request 
of  the  citizens  of  London,  the  king  granted  to  Edward  Ditchfield,  John 
Highlord,  and  others,  lands  in  Riding  and  le  Lye  in  several  tenures,  of 
^"8  5s.  3d.  yearly  rent,  five  acres  of  land  in  le  Lye  newly  improved  from 
the  waste-lands  held  by  the  tenants  of  the  vill  of  le  Lye  of  2od.  yearly  rent, 
an  increase  of  rent  of  3s.  o|d. ;  which  premises  in  Riding  and  le  Lye  are 
together  of  ^.8  los.  o|d.  yearly  rent.^  The  two  water  corn-mills  of 
Riding  and  le  Lye,  in  the  tenure  of  John  Sharperowe  and  John  Heard 
{Ord)°  respectively,  having  previously  been  granted  in  fee  farm,  were 
excepted  from  the  grant.'  Under  these  respective  grants,  the  present 
freeholders  claim  their  titles. 

1  Pcit.  Rolls,  8  Jas.  I.  pi.  49. 

=  Ibid.  8  Jas.  I.  pt.  15.  Leases  of  other  tenements  were  granted  on  the  igth  of  November,  1610, 
and  the  14th  of  March,  161 1,  to  Eldred  and  Whitmore,  and  on  the  7th  of  August,  1618,  to  Edward  Bee, 
esq.     Cf.  Pat.  Rolls,  8  Jas.  I.  pts.  19  and  57  ;  16  Jas.  1.  pt.  13. 

^  Canon  Raine's  extracts  from  Durham  Records.      '  Pat.  Rolls,  1  Chas.  I.  pt.  4.       '■'  Ibid.  4  Chas.  I.  pt.  33. 

°  2nd  January,  1643-4.  Inventory  of  the  goods  of  John  Orde  of  Rydinge  milhie,  yeoman,  praised  by 
John  Orde  of  Ayrdley  and  others.  Imprimis.  One  lease  or  mortgage  of  one  tenement  in  Rydinge,  one 
mill-howse  and  one  water  corne  millnc,  with  the  appurtences,  for  a  term  of  years  yett  in  being  from 
Isabella  Carnabye,  widow,  and  William  Carnaby,  with  a  clause  of  redemption.    Durham  Probate  Registry. 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  4  Chas.  I.  pt.  33. 


RIDING    TOWNSHIP.  273 

Proi'kikiors  in  Rideing,  1663.' 
Kideiiiy  tiiwn  :  John   Dixon,  John  Luniley,  Wilham  Ridley,  ^20  os.  od. ;    Mr.   John   Foibter  of  the 
Lee,  £6  os.  od.  ;  Rideing  mill  and  land,  Mr.  Thomas  Errington  of  Newcastle,    A20  os.  od.  ;    the  Lee, 
Mr.  John  Forster  of  the  Lee,  and  Richard  Sinith,  ;f33  os.  od. 

RiDiNGi.;  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665.'- 
Mr.  Thomas  Errington,  four  chimneys  ;  William  Oliver,  William  Ridley,  Michael  Linton,  Gerard 
Erington,   Henry  Forster  and  John  Forster,  each  one  chimney  ;  John  Dodd,   Henry  Taylor,  Michael 
Ansell,  William  Wilkinson,  Robert  Chicken,  Richard  Smith,  Henry  Shell,  John  Newton  and  John  Dixon, 
not  payable. 

Lee,  Rydon,  and  Broomehau(;h  Subsidy  or  Hearih  Tax,  1675. ■' 
Mr.  Thomas  Errington,  five  chimneys  ;  John  Forster,  John  Smith,   Michael   Linton,  John   Dixon, 
Thomas  Usher,  John  Usher,  and  Christopher  Hudspeth,  each  one  chimney;    Ralph  Angiist  [?  Angus], 
three  chimneys  ;  Henry  Forster,  Thomas  Smart,  John  Lumley,  William  Ridley,  Matthew  Foster,  Isabel 
Ridley,  and  William  Smith,  each  one  chimney. 

The  lands  granted  to  Ditchfield  and  others  were  sold  by  them  on 
the  19th  of  February,  1630,  to  John  Heath  and  Roger  Fenwick.  By  a 
deed  dated  12th  December,  1632,  George  Baker  of  Newcastle,  John  Heath 
of  Durham,  and  Roger  Fenwick  of  Shortflat,  sold  certain  lands  at  the 
Lee  and  at  the  Riding,  together  with  '  three  day  works  of  meadow  ground 
lying  in  Broomhaugh  east  fields,'  to  John  Foster  of  the  Lee,  who,  on 
the  nth  of  February,  1661,  settled  the  same  upon  his  son  Henry  on  his 
marriage  with  Anne,  daughter  of  Edward  Surtees  of  Broad  Oak.  Henry 
Forster  sold  lands  at  Riding  to  Roger  Fenwick  of  Riding-mill  and  another, 
who,  on  the  14th  of  February,  1693,  resold  to  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Steel-hall 
in  Slaley.^  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Newcastle,  grandson  of  Thomas  Teasdale 
of  Steel-hall,  by  his  will,  dated  9th  July,  1723,  gave  his  lands  to  his  wife  for 
her  life  and  then  to  his  sisters  and  their  issue.  Thomas  Teasdale's  widow, 
who  was  Esther,  daughter  of  William  Varey  of  Newcastle,  notary  public, 
re -married  Lancelot  AUgood  of  He-xham,  solicitor.^  She  possessed  other 
lands  at  the  Riding  as  heiress  to  her  father,  which  she  transmitted  to  the  two 
daughters  of  her  second  marriage,  Esther,  wife  of  William  Hunter,  and  Mary, 
wife  of  William  Bainbridge.  By  various  purchases,  from  the  reversioners  of 
Thomas  Teasdale's  estate,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bainbridge  increased  their  holding. 

'  Hodgson,  NvrtJiuinbcrhiiui,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  286. 

'  Subsiily  Rull,  ]§;].  "  Ibid,  j  jg.  ^  All  bom  Abstract  of  Title.     Bell  Collection,  vol.  394. 

'■"  1761,  2  April.  Will  of  Esther  ."Mlgood  of  the  Riding,  widow.  My  cousins  Elizabeth  Varey, 
Joseph  Varey  of  Newbegin,  near  Penrith,  Rev.  John  Varey  of  Gillan,  co.  Ebor.,  Sarah  Waterstrum, 
William  Varey  of  .-Mbemarle  Street,  Westminster,  Teasdale  Mowbray  of  Bishop  Wearmouth  ;  the  seven 
unmarried  daughters  of  my  late  niece,  Margaret  Hunter  of  Fenwick.  I  give  £%  per  annum  out  of  my 
messuage  at  White  Cross,  Newcastle,  to  the  school  by  me  built  at  the  Riding.  I  give  £$  to  each  of  the 
parishes  of  Corbridge,  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  All  Saints,  Newcastle,  for  the  poor.  My  estate  at  Hawkup, 
Riding,  and  the  Lee,  and  my  lease  of  a  quarter  of  the  tithe  corn  of  Newburn  to  my  two  daughters 
Esther  and  Mary.     Raine,  Test.  Ebor. 


Vol.  VI. 


35 


274 


THK    TARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDKKW. 


VAREY    AND    ALLGOOD    OF    Tllli     RIDING. 

Wil.i.iAM  Vakey   of   Ne\vca5lle,  notary  public,  owner  of   lands   -.a  Ridinj;  anU   Lee;  =  Elizabelli,  clital    at    the   Ridiiij;, 
living  igtii  Ueccmber,  1722  (a)  ;  buried,  All  Saints',  Newcastle,  May  22nd,  1724.  |        August,  I75i,agcd  S5;  buried, 

All  Saints',  Newcastle  (a'). 

I  " 

=  Esther     Varey,      daughter^  [and  =  Lancelot  Allgood   of   Hexham,   attorney-at-law, 


Thomas  Teasdale  of  Steel-hall  in 
Slaley,  and  of  Newcastle  ; 
baptised  2.Sth  September,  ifigS  ; 
articles  before  marriage  iSth 
and  19th  December,  1722  ; 
will  dated  gth  July,  1723  ; 
proved  1724;  died  s.j>.;  first 
husband. 


heiress],  owner  of  lands  at  Riding, 
Kirkheaton,  I'ecl-dykes,  llawknp- 
hill,etc.  *;  died  at  her  lu>use  in 
Newgate  St.,  Newcastle,  M;uch, 
1762,  aged  67  ;  buried  All  Saints' 
(0  ;  will  dated  2nd  Ai>ril,  1 761 
(c)  ;  proved  loth  Nov.,  1763. 


Esther,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  born  13th  November, 
1729  (//) ;  obtained  lands  at  Kirkheaton,  Peel- 
dykes,  and  Hawkup-hill  as  her  jiurparty  of  the 
estate  ;  articles  before  marriage  1st  and  2nd  June, 
1764  :  m.irried  at  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Gal  den,  4tli 
June,   1764,  William   Hunter  of   He.xham,  attorney 

C'O- 


third  son  of  Major  AUgood,  rector  of  Simond- 
burn  (/;)  ;  bapti.sed  at  Siniundburn  1st  May, 
1691  ;  bond  of  marriage  nth  February,  172S/9- 
articles  before  marriage  I2th  February,  1728/9; 
married  13th  February,  1728/9  (/;)  ;  purchased 
lands  at  Kirkheaton  in  1732  ;  will  dated  6th 
Jan.,  1734/5  ;  proved  1735  (c);  second  husband. 


I 
Mary,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  born  7th  March, 
1733/4  ('')  ;  obtained  lands  at  Riding,  Lee, 
etc.,  as  her  purparty  of  the  estate ;  articles 
befoic  marriage  26th  antl  2Sth  Nov.,  1768;  married 
at  St.  Clcrne[it  Danes,  5lh  Jan.,  1769,  William 
liainbridge  of  Slaley,  but  at  that  lime  residing  in 
the  parish  of  St.  George,  Hanover  Square  (a). 


*  By  deeds  dated  29th  and  30th  Ma}-,  1764,  Esther  and  Mary  AUgood  of  the  Riding,  spinsters,  daughters  and 
co-heiresses  of  Esther  AUgood  of  the  Riding,  widow,  deceased,  agreed  to  a  partition  of  their  lands  ;  the  farms  at  Kirkheaton, 
Peel-dykes,  and  Hawkuphill  were  conveyed  to  the  said  Esther,  and  the  estate  at  the  Riding,  a  rent  charge  of  £iO,  and  a  sum 
of  money,  were  conveyed  to  the  said  Mary  for  their  respective  shares.     Miss  Iledley's  Kirkheaton  Deeds. 

(a)  Bell  Collection.  ib")  Mr.  William  Bainbridge's  Family  Bible.  (c)  Raine,  Test.  Ebor. 

(rf)  Newcastle  Courant,  17th  August,  1751.  (e)  Ibid.  1st  April,  1762. 


BAINBRIDGE    OF    SLALEY    AND    THE    RIDING. 


Thomas  13ainbkidge  of  Slaley,  yeoman,  died  29th  September, 
1765,  aged  80  years  (a)  (c)  (</). 


Mary  (c)  ....    [?  daughter  of  Thomas  Hunter,  baptised 
at  Bywell  St.  Peter,  7th  April,  1696  (/<)]. 


Thomas,  bap- 
tised 1 8th 
Aug.,    1715 

r 


I 

John,  baptised 
2Sth  Feb., 
1 71 7/8  (a). 


I 
Joseph  Bainbridge  of  Slaley,  =  Elizabeth  Lawson  of  the  parish 


baptised  25th  April,  172; 
(fl);  buried  2Stli  Jan.,  1774 
(a)  ;  aged  49  (</)  {c). 


of  Bywell  St.  Peter  ;  married 
circa  .April,  1756  (a);  ilied  4lh 
May,  1760  (a),  aged  24  (r )  (,/). 


I 
Jacob  Bainbridge,  baptised 
Sth  November,  1731  (a); 
buried   13th  May,   1770 
(«),  aged  39  (rf). 


Thomas,  baptised  6th  November,  1757  (a). 


Mary,  baptised  30th  January,  buried  Sth  March,  1760  (a). 


William  Bainbridge  of  the  Rid-  : 
ing,  jure  uxoris,  '  born  27th 
-April,  1736,  or,  according  to 
the  new  style,  the  8th  May  ' 
(<i)  ;  died  5th  December,  1826 
(/)  ;  buried  at  Bywell  ;  will 
dated  4th  August,  1826  ; 
proved  at  Canterbury  28th 
June,  1S27  (/). 


Mary,  daugh-  Isaac,    bap-  Jane,  mar.==  Thomas  Jameson  of  Slaley, 

ter    and    co-  tised    loth  October,  anddied  30th  Jan.,  1807(c), 

heiress         of  November,  1758(a);  I  leaving  an  only  surviving 

Lancelot  All-  1759   (.")  t  died  18th''  child,  Thomas  Jameson  of 

good  of  Rid-  bur.    24th  Feb.,  Slaley  (died  1843),  whose 

ing  ;        died  February,  1S15,  eldest      daughter,       Jane 

Nov.       2nd,  I74o/l(«).  aged  88  Jameson,       married      Sth 

180S  (/;)  W  W-  Ju'ie.   iS".   Juli"  Black- 

(./)•  burn.         ^ 


I 
Margareljbap.  3rst 
Aug.,  1721  («); 
mar.  Lord  George 
Beauclerk,  6th  son 
of  the  first  duke  of 
St.  Albans,  and  a 
lieutenant-general 
in  the  army  ;  died 
s.p. 


George  Bainbridge  of  the  Riding,  and 
of  Winchfield,  Hants;  born  23rd 
March,  baptised  Sth  May,  1771  (/()  (.<'); 
in  1815  was  residing  in  Mount-street, 
Berkeley  Square  ;  died  at  Winchfield, 
17th  August,  184I  ;  will  dated  2nd 
August,  1S41  (/). 

(a)  Slaley  Register. 

(ii)  .Mr.  William  Bainbridge's  Family  Bible. 

(c)  Bell  Collection. 


I 
William  Bainbridge, 
born  30th  Jan.,  1775 
(/<)  ;  administration 
of  his  personal  es- 
tate 28th  July,  1801, 
granted  to  his 
brother  George  (_/). 


I 
Lancelot  Bainbridge, 
born  iSthSept.,  1776 
((&)  ;  administration 
of  his  personal  es- 
tate 13th  May,  iSoo, 
granted  to  his  father 


I   I 


Mary,  born  28th  October 
(b)  ;  baptised  13th  De- 
cember, 1769  (,g);  died 
29th  September,  1820  (/). 

Esther,born28thDec.,  1772 
(^)  ;  baptised  22nd  Feb., 
1773(f);  died  unmarried. 


(rf)  M.I.  Slaley. 

(^e)   Newcastle  Chronicle^  19th  November, 
1808. 


(/)  Mr.   William    Blac 

deeds. 
i^g)   Corbridge  Register. 


kbur 


RIDING    TOWNSHIP. 


2/5 


HUNTER    OF    DUKESFIELD,    HEXHAM,    AND    THE    RIDING. 

Isaac  FIunTEK  of  Dukesfield-hall  (u)  ;  limited  administration  of  his  personal  estate  20th  April,  1793,  :=  Mary (a). 

granted  to  liis  son  John  (/")  (/;).  I 


I 

William  Hunter  of  Battle-hill,  Hexham,  attorney,  baptised  ^  Esther,  dau.  and  co-heir  of  Lancelot 

27th    August,    1734    (a);    married    at    St.    Paul's,    Covent  Allgood  of  Riding;  articles  before 

Garden,  4th  June,  1764  (f)  ;    administration  of  his  personal  mar.  1st  and  2nd  June,  1764  (^)  ; 

estate  1st  April,  1783,  granted  to  his  widow  (/;).  will  dated  2gth  Oct.,  1793  (^). 


^      I      I 

Calverley,  bapt.  2gth 
April,  1731,  buried 
3rd  Feb.,  I73i/2(rt). 

Thomas,  bapt.  25th 
Nov.,  1732  («). 


I 
AUgood  Hiuiter  of 
Hexham,  attorney-at- 
law  ;  bapt.  1 2th  July, 
1765  {/>)  ;  died  s.p.  ; 
bur,  loth  April,  1799 
(/i)  ;  will  dated  I2th 
March,  1799  ;  proved 
at  York  25th  June, 
same  year  (A)  {/)  {e). 


I     I 

Thomas,  bapt. 
7th  Oct. ,1766 
(/-)  ;  died 
young  (<). 

William,  bapt. 
6th  Septem- 
ber, buried 
9th  Decem- 
ber, 1767  (//). 


,  .  I 
William  Hunter 
of  Manchester, 
cotton  manu- 
facturer (e)  ; 
bapt.  2.Sth  Jan. 
1770  (/^  ;  died 
intestate  at 
Manchester6th 
Dec,  1816,  s.p. 

(')■      


Isaac  Hunter,  sur- 
geon, R.N.,  bapt. 
31st  Oct.,  1771 
((i) ;  will  dated 
Oct.,  1795  '•  died 
on  board  the  '  In- 
vincible '  on  his 
voyage  to  Anti- 
gua, s.p.  (X-). 


I 
Robert, 
baptised 
8th  July, 

1773  ('^): 

died 

yoimg 


.1 


Mary  Hunter  of  Hexham,  baptised 
l6th  May,  [766  (/))  ;  died  24th 
May,  1827.  By  her  will,  dated 
23rd  April,  1S25,  she  devised 
her  lands  at  Kirkheaton,  etc.,  to 
her  cousin,  George  Bainbridge, 
and  the  residue  of  her  personal 
estate  to  her  cousin,  Isaac 
Hunter  of  Hexham  (e)  (/). 


Isabella,  daugh- 
ter of .  .  .  Sur- 
tees  of  Milk- 
well-burn,  mar- 
ried 3rd  Octo- 
ber, 1765  (.f)  ; 
buried  24th 
February,  1779 


Isaac  Hunter  of  =  Mary   Winship,    George  Hun- 


Oukesfield-hal 
baptised  14th 
Sejilember,  1737 
(«)  ;  buried  8th 
Aug.,  1796  («)  ; 
will  pioved  I5lh 
September,  1796 


of  the  parish  of 
Stanhope ;  mar. 
14th  Feb.,  17S6 
{<i)  ;  died  s.p. 
(/)  ;  2nd  wife. 


ter,  baptised 
at  Whitley 
chapel,  1 2th 
lune,       1740 


I 

John  Hunter,  bapt.  29th  : 
Sept.,  1746  (a);  liv.  Oct., 
1795,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed an  executor  of 
the  will  of  his  nephew, 
Isaac  Hunter(«);  died.?./. 


.  .  .  .  sister  of  Mi- 
chael Bell  of  Hex- 
ham, and  of  William 
Bell  of  High  Shield 
(/)■ 


I    I 


Anne,  baptised  21st  July,  1736  (a)  ;   married   iSth  July,  1765,  Robert  Surtees  («) 

of  iMilkwell-burn  (</). 
Jane,  baptised  29th  Sept.,  1743  (a);  [?  married  William  Bell  of  High  Shield,  Hexham], 


Thomas,  baptised  7th  November,  1768 
(a);  buried  25th  March,  1769  (a). 

Thomas,  baptised  25th  March,  1769 
(a);  buried  i6th November,  1779(a). 


Isaac  Hunter  of  Hexham  (f),some-  : 
time   of  Newbiggin,  afterwards 
of  Acomb   (/")  ;    baptised    7th 
September,  1770  (a). 


I 
Dorothy    Robert,  bap- 
Boldon.        tised        8th 
(0-  July,     1773 

(a). 


I      I 
Catherine, bapt.  29th 
Dec,  1766  (a)  ;  bur. 
23rd  Sept.,  1803(a). 
Other  daughters. 


(a)  S/a/ev  Register.  (c)    Miss  Hedley's  Kirkludton  Deeds.  (^)  Raine,  Test.  Elior. 

(//)  Hexham  Register.  (/)  Bell  Collection,  vol.  394.  (;)    Newcastle  Couraytt,  .  .  .  June,  1764. 

(r)   Whitley  Chapel  Register.  {g)  Newcastle  Comaiit,  5lh  October,  1765.  (/•)  Newcastle  Chronicle^  4th  March,  1797. 

(f/)  Newcastle  Cinirant,2'j\\\]\x\y,  1765, 

The  lands  comprised  in  the  marriage  settlement  of  William  Bainbridge 
and  Esther  Allgood,  at  Mr.  Bainbridge's  death  in  1826,  were  vested  in  their 
son  George  Bainbridge,  as  the  only  surviving  issue  of  the  marriage,  who  sold 
the  greater  part  to  the  trustees  of  his  father's  will.  Dying  at  Winchfield  in 
Hampshire,  in  1841,  Mr.  George  Bainbridge  devised  his  real  estate  at  that 
place  and  at  the  Riding  to  his  friend.  Lord  Charles  Beauclerc,  who  resided 
at  Riding-house  until  about  1859.  After  passing  through  the  hands  of  Mr. 
John  Clerevaulx  Fenwick,  the  house  and  adjacent  lands  were  purchased  by 
Mr.  Richard  Beal  McAUum,  who  laid  out  for  building  sites  the  ground  now 
occupied  by  the  Terrace,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Mr.  Hugh  Kirk 
McAllum,  the  present  proprietor. 


276  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWKI.I.    ST.    ANDK'KW. 

Under  Mr.  William  Bainbridj^e's  will,  datetl  4th  AuL;iist,  1S26,  his  real 
and  personal  estate  were  given  to  trustees  to  hold  to  his  son  for  his  life,  and 
if  he  should  die  without  issue  (which  happened)  to  the  use  of  William 
Blackburn,  great-grandson  of  his  (the  testator's)  sister  Jane,  wife  of  Thomas 
Jameson  of  Slaley.  As  has  been  already  mentioned,  the  trustees  of  the 
will,  out  of  the  trust  moneys,  purchased  the  larger  part  of  Mr.  George 
Bjiinbridge's  lands  at  Riding  and  Lee,  which  are  now  held  by  Mr.  AVilliaiu 
lilackburn,  a  descendant  of  Mrs.  Jameson. 

The  low,  long-fronted,  two-storeyed  house  on  the  north  side  of  the  road 
leading  to  Hexham,  with  the  adjoining  farm,  generally  called  the  Riding, 
was  in  the  possession  of  the  family  of  Smith  of  Snows-hill,  in  Benfieldside, 
about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century.  The  last  member  of  the 
family,  Ralph  Smith  of  the  Riding,'  who  died  in  1786,  used  frequently  to 
join  the  hunt  with  Robert  Surtees  of  Milkwell-burn,  to  whom  he  devised  his 
lands  here,  at  Broomhaugh,  and  at  Espershields,  'all  for  the  love  of  hunting,' 
for  he  was  no  relation.  Robert  Surtees  died  intestate  in  181 1,  and  was 
succeeded  by  his  son,  Mr.  Anthony  Surtees  of  Hamsterley,  who  in  1820  sold 
his  lands  at  Riding  and  Broomhaugh  to  Mr.  Charles  Bacon  of  Stvford,  to 
whose  grand-daughters,  Miss  Bacon-Grey  and  Mrs.  Guiry,  they  now  belong. 

At  the  present  time,  the  landed  proprietors  are  Miss  Bacon-Grey,  who 
holds  Riding,  103  acres;  Mr.  W.  Blackburn,  Riding-hills,  etc.,  333  acres; 
Mr.  D.  O.  Drewitt,  22  acres  ;  Mr.  H.  K.  McAllum,  3  acres  ;  Mr.  W.  Scott,  21 
acres  ;  Mr.  H.  Straker,  Riding  Lee,  252  acres;  and  Sir  Jacob  Wilson,^  172  acres. 

The  witches'  revels  at  Riding  bridge  end  have  been  already  mentioned 
in  the  account  of  Birchesnook.  The  house  at  Riding  mill  in  which  Mr. 
Thomas  Errington  resided  in  1672,  when  his  servants  and  horses  were  vexed 
by  the  witches,  was,  there  can  be  no  doubt,  the  present  Duke  of  Wellington 
Inn,  over  the  door  of  which  is  a  panel  with  the  arms  of  Errington:  Argent, 
two  bars  and  in  chief  tJiree  escallops  azure,  with  the  inscription,  T.  B.  1660.' 
At  the  Quarter  Sessions  held  at  Morpeth'  in  1673,  Mr.  Errington's  servant, 
Robert  Johnson,  deposed  that  in  the  previous  August  he  heard  a  great  noise 
of  horses'  feet  as  though  it  had  been  an  army  of  men,  and  that  at  Christmas 

'  Ralph  Smith  of  the  Riding  voted  for  the  Ridiny  in  1774.     Poll  Book. 

'  Jacob  Wilson  of  Alston  and  Joseph  Wilson  of  Edenhill,  Cumberland,  voted  for  a  freehold  at 
Riding-mill  in  1832.     Poll  Book. 

^  The  lettering  seems  to  have  been  recut  ;  if  so,  the  initials  originally  T.  E.  may  have  been  .altered 
to  fit  the  surname  of  Browell  or  Boutflower.  Edward  Browell  of  Riding-mill  voted  for  lands  there  at  the 
elections  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1710,  1715,  and  1721  ;  and  William  Boutflower  of  Riding-mill  voted 
in  1774.     Poll  Books.  '  Depositions frojii  York  Castle;   Raine,  p.  198.     Surt-  Soc.  No.  40. 


RIDING    TOWNSHIP. 


277 


time,  '  being  sheeling  some  oats,  about  two  hours  before  the  sunn-setting,  all 
the  geer,  viz.,  hopper  and  hoops,  and  all  other  things  but  the  stones,  flew 
downe  and  were  casten  of  and  he  himselfe  almost  killed  with  them,  they 
comeinar  against  him  with  such  force  and  violence.' 


The  Inn  at  Riping-mii-L. 


ERRINGTON    OF    RIDING-MILL. 

Thomas  Errington  [admitted  to  the  Hostmen's  Compnny  iSth  June,  1649  (.e)],  postmaster, 
of  Newcastle  (/),  in  1663  held  lands  at   Riding-mill, /h^v  uxoris,  and  at  Shilford  ;    buried  in 
'the  chancel  of  St.  John's  church,  Newcastle,  23rd  May,  1678  (a)  (d). 


Agnes,  daughter 
of  Lancelot 
Carnahy  (»•). 


Paul  Errington  of  the  parish  of  =^  Dorothy  Erring 


St.  John,  Newcastle,  and  of 
Riding-mill,  admitted  free  of 
the  Merchants'  Company, 
ii-)th  April,l67i,by  patrimony 
(/i);  died  before  1684  (<•)  ; 
the  administration  bond  of 
his  personal  estate,  formerly  at 
Durham  in  1681,  is  now  lost. 


ton  of  Bywell 
widow; bond  of 
marriage, May, 
1670  ;  mar.  at 
Norham,  14th 
May,  1670. 


Margaret  Renni-  : 
son,  sp.,  bond 
of  mar.  23rd 
May,i6gi;  bur. 
St.  Nicholas', 
Newcastle,  I  Sth 
January,  1706/7 


Nicholas  Errington  of  New- 
castle, admitted  free  of  the 
Merchants'  Company  2nd 
May,  i6go,  by  patrimony 
(/')  ;  was  about  42  years  of 
age  in  1704,  when  he  made 
a  depositus  respecting  the 
suit  and  custom  of  the  mill 
at  Riding  (*)  ;  d.  1727  (Ji). 


Lancelot 
Errington, 
admitted 
to    the 
Hostmen's 
Company, 
26th  Feb., 
1674  CO- 


I 


Thomas  Errington,  son  and  heir,  who,  with  his  mother,  26th  June,  1694, 
sold  their  lands  at  Riding-mill  to  Thomas  Radcliffe  and  Ralph 
Widdrington  (e"). 


I 


(a)  Brand,  Newcastle^  vol.  i.  p.  113. 

iji)   Newcastle  Merchant  Adventurers^  Dendy, 

(c)   St.  Nicholas'  Register^  Newcastle. 


vol. 


(^)  Newcastle  Hostmen's  Company^  Dendy. 


Prideaux  Errington,  admitted  free  of  the 
Merchants'  Company  igih  Nov.,  1741, 
by  patrimony  (/;)  ;  died  1742  (/). 

((/)  St.  Johns  Register,  Newcastle. 

(/')    Exchequer  De/)ositums,  3  Anne.  Mich.  Term,  No.  43. 

(/)  Cal.  Com.  for  Comp.  Cases,  p.  3107. 


278  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.l,    ST.    ANDREW. 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER. 

The  two  detached  portions  of  the  parish  of  Rywell  vSt.  Andrew  whicli 
lie  in  the  valley  of  the  Dement  comprise  the  three  townships  of  Shotlev, 
Bhinchhmd,  and  Newbii;i;in,  which,  for  ecclesiastical  purposes,  formed  the 
chapelry  of  Shotley,  and  were  sometimes  spoken  of  as  Shotley-shire.  The 
district,  which  to  a  large  extent  has  a  southern  e.xposure,  contains  towards 
the  west  extensive  and  trackless  moors  and  fells,  with  here  and  there  an 
ancient  homestead  with  its  surrounding  enclosures.  By  the  side  of  the 
river  Derwent,  the  lands,  formerly  cultivated,  are  now  largely  laid  away 
to  permanent  grass. 

The  township  of  Shotley,  or  Shotley  Low  Quarter,  as  it  was  formerly 
called,  comprises  an  area  of  7,131  acres,  and  in  1901  had  a  population  of 
505.'  It  is  almost  wholly  pastoral,  and  contains  the  homesteads  and 
hamlets  of  Airey-holm,  Aliens-ford,  Bolisher,  Bullions,  Black  Hedley, 
Birkenside,  Durham-lield,  Eddys-bridge,  Hammer-mill,  Kilnpit-hill,  Moss- 
wood,  Panshield,  Redwell,  Shotley-field,  Snods,  Summerfield,  Unthank, 
Wallish-walls  and  Waskerley.  Closely  adjoining,  in  the  towqiship  of 
Benfieldside,  in  the  county  of  Durham,  on  the  other  side  of  the  river, 
is  the  larger  and  more  important  village  of  Shotley  Bridge,  placed  upon 
the  sloping  right  bank  of  the  Derwent. 

Most  of  the  lands  in  vShotley  before  the  year  1240  had  been  granted 
out  to  various  tenants  who  held  of  Hugh  de  Bolbeck  in  free  socage.  Alan 
Tysum  held  one  carucate  and  paid  i6s.  8d. ;  Thomas  de  Blachedley  one 
carucate  and  paid  14s.  Sd. ;  William  son  of  Simon  20  acres  of  land  and 
paid  3s.  4d. ;  Elvered  20  acres  and  paid  3s.  4d. ;  Gilbert  de  Hedley  40 
acres  and  paid  I2d. ;  Henry  son  of  Randolf  56  acres  and  paid  2s. ;  and 
Randolph  de  Merley  40  acres  and  paid  6s.  8d.-  In  an  extent  taken  before 
the  sheriff  on  the  7th  November,  1262,  after  the  death  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec, 
it  was  stated  that 

In  the  vill  of  Schotley  there  were  eight  men,  each  holding  i8  acres,  who  together  paid  yearly  for 
farms  and  works  76s.  2d.;  40  acres  of  land  which  a  certain  chaplain  held  were  worth  13s.  4d.  a  year; 
eleven  cotters  held  8  acres  of  land  in  common,  worth  25s.  3d.  a  year;  the  mill  was  worth  ^5  6s.  8d.  a 
year,  and  the  brewhouse  iSd.     The  sum,  /"ii  2s.  iid. 

'  The  Census  Returns  are  :  1801,434;  1811,517;  1821,609:  1831,590;  1841,713;  1851,668;  1861, 
637;  1871,612;  1881,554;  1891,589;  1901,505. 

■  Tistii  lie  Nevill,  Hodgson,  Noytliuinlierhind,  pi.  iii.  vol.  i.  |).  214. 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER. 


279 


In  the  assart  in  Allciseth  there  were  598  acres  and  i  road,  worth  ^11  8s.  id.;  in  the  same  waste 
194  acres  and  i  rood  were  held  by  three  free  tenants  who  paid  in  all  37s.  1 1  Ul.     Sum,  ^13  6s.  o.Ul. 

In  the  hamlet  of  Waskerley  a  cotter  held  3  roods  worth  yearly  i2d. 

In  Blakedeley  three  men  held  56  acres,  which  were  worth  for  farms  and  works  20s.  4d.;  a  waste 
containing  20  acres  was  worth  yearly  5s. ;  three  cotters  held  5  acres,  worth  yearly  4s. ;  fonr  freemen  held 
3323  acres,  and  paid  yearly  in  common  40s.  6d.     The  sum  of  Blakedeley,  59s.  lod. 

In  ISyrkinside  there  were  in  demesne  105  acres,  worth  yearly  64s. 

In  Neubiging  eleven  bondmen  held  in  common  88  acres,  worth  yearly  for  farms  and  works  46s.  gd. ; 
four  cotters  held  in  corninon  l|  acres  of  land  and  paid  yearly  for  farms  and  works  5s.  ;  the  brewhouse 
jiaid  yearly  5s.     The  sum  of  Neubiging,  56s.  gd. 

The  house  of  Kyppeyer  paid  yearly  to  the  heirs  of  Hugh  de  Bolebech  5  marks.  The  profit  of"  coal 
{appruamcntum  carbonuin)  was  worth  in  ordinary  years  6s.  8d. 

The  abbot  of  Blanchland  paid  yearly  2s.  6d. 

Thomas  de  Blanchland  paid  [blank]  ;  Thomas  de  Aslacbi  paid  yearly  I2d. 

The  total  sum  of  the  various  sums  of  Schotley,  ^37  17s.  4d.' 

In  the  inquisition  to  which  the  extent  is  attached  it  is  stated  that, 
besides  the  cottar  who  held  3  roods  of  land  in  Waskerly  for  I2d.  a  year, 
Thomas  de  Aslakbi  held  lands  there  by  charter  at  a  similar  rent,  and  that  in 
Birkenside  the  abbot  of  Blanchland  held  15  acres  by  charter  and  paid  2s.  6d.^ 

Schotley  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 


£ 

s. 

d. 

5. 

d. 

I  bonorum  Eliae  filii  Gilberti 

I 

4 

3 

unde  regi 

2 

2,1- 

)> 

Gilbcrli  tilii  Eliae 

0 

iS 

0 

, 

1 

71 

)) 

Ranulphi  fabri  ... 

I 

10 

1 1 

, 

■J 

9l 

') 

Ricardi  de  Allirseth     ... 

-> 

12 

9 

3 

9] 

„ 

Thomae  filii  Laurencii 

0 

1  1 

3 

, 

I 

oi 

„ 

Uctredi  del  Riding 

0 

12 

3 

> 

I 

4 

» 

Johannis  filii  Hugonis 

2 

t 

6 

y 

3 

■oi 

)) 

I'hilippi  del  Holis 

2 

1 1 

1 1 

, 

4 

8| 

n 

Roberti  de  Medon 

I 

6 

3 

y 

2 

4l 

)> 

Rogeri  Franceys 

3 

I 

3 

, 

5 

7 

n 

Johannis  Audre 

0 

'5 

6 

, 

I 

5 

J) 

Willelmi  Smale 

0 

17 

I 

, 

I 

6 

»» 

Willelmi  filii  Arkil       ... 

I 

9 

10 

, 

T 

8i 

n 

Gilberti  fabri     

I 

15 

5 

, 

3 

4 

»j 

Thomae  fabri 

0 

15 

3 

> 

I 

4l 

„ 

Willelmi  de  Allirseth  ... 

I 

14 

5 

, 

3 

lA 

Sum  ma 

totalis  hujus  villae,  ^23  iSs.  lod.     Und 

e  re 

yi> 

£2 

3^ 

.  6|d. 

About  the  year  1313,  an  estate  in  Sotle,  Blake-hedreleye,  Birkynside, 
Waskreleye  and  Newebigging,  described  as  a  moiety  of  one-fourth  part  of 
certain  lands  which  were  held  by  Walter  de  Huntercomb  for  the  term 
of  his  life,  although  claimed  by  John  de  Lancaster  as  kinsman  and  heir  of 
Alice,    wife    of  Walter    de    Huntercomb,    descended,    or   was    granted,    to 


III,],  p.m.  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25. 


Iiiij.  p.m.  46  Ui:n.  111.  No.  25. 


28o  THE    I'ARISH    OF    HYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

K;ilph  litz  William.'  Ten  years  later,  these  lands,  which  comprised  agist- 
ment of  pasture  at  Shotlev  formerly  worth  13s.  ^d.,  two  tofts  with  crofts 
and  agistment  of  pasture  in  Waskerley  fornierly  worth  8s.  8d.,  a  toft 
and  croft  with  agistment  of  pastiue  in  Black  Hedley  formerly  worth 
6s.  io|d.,  agistment  of  pasture  at  Rirkenside  formerly  worth  6s.  8d.,  and 
two  husbandlands  at  Newbigging  which  used  to  pay  los.,  were  worth 
nothing.' 

In  an  enquiry  held  at  Newcastle  on  Thursday,  4th  January,  1330,  it 
is  stated  that  it  would  not  be  to  the  king's  loss  to  grant  a  licence  to 
Robert  Parnyng  and  Isabel  his  wife  to  retain  a  messuage  and  230  acres 
of  land  in  Shotle  and  Spiryden,  which  they  had  acquired  without  the 
kings  licence  from  John  de  Lancaster  in  the  time  of  Edward  II.  The 
said  messuage  and  lands  w^ere  held  of  the  king  in  chief  by  the  payment  of 
id.  for  all  services,  and  were  worth  in  all  their  issues  40s.  a  year.' 


Willemus  de  Seton,  3s.  4d. ;  Thomas  del  Hough,  3s. ;  Willehinis  de  Urpeth,  4s.  ;  Adam  de  Allerset, 
4s.  4d.;  Thomas  Shapyn,  2s.  Sd.;  Johannes  de  Misterton,  is.     .Sunima,  iSs.  4d. 

Sir  John  de  Stryvelyn,  knight,  who  died  i  stli  August,  1378,  was  jointly 
seised  with  his  wife  Jacoba  of  two  tenements  and  40  acres  of  land  and 
meadow  in  Neubigyng  by  Blanchland  worth  los.  a  year,  and  of  a  tenement 
and  24  acres  of  land  in  Shotley  then  lying  waste  and  of  no  value.'  Dame 
Jacoba  died  on  the  6th  February,  1390/1,  seised  of  8  tenements  and  200 
acres  of  land  in  the  vill  of  Shotlee,  held  of  Ralph  Hastynges  by  the 
service  of  1  lb.  of  pepper,  and  worth  4od.  per  annum  '  and  not  inore  on 
account  of  the  destruction  by  the  Scotch.'  Her  heirs  were  John  de 
Middleton  and  Christina  his  wife."  Dame  Christina  de  Middleton  died 
on  the  loth  March,  142 1/2,  seised  jointly  with  her  late  husband  of  one 
husbandland,  40  acres  of  land,  4  acres  of  meadow,  and  10  acres  of  wood 
in  Blakehedle,  held  by  socage  of  Ralph  Nevill  as  of  the  lordship  of  Bywell, 
worth  yearly  nowadays,  on  account  of  the  destruction  by  the  Scotch  and 
the   barrenness   of  the  countryside  {sterilitatem  patriae)^  only   I2d."     Four 

'  Originnlid,  y  Edw.  II.  memb.  6. 

"■  Incj.  p.m.  Radulfi  de  Graistok,  17  Edw.  II.  No.  72;  inquisition  taken  at  Morpeth  21st  July,  1323. 

■'  Inq.  p.m.  3  Edw.  III.  second  numbers,  No.  17.        '  Inq.  p.m.  of  John  de  Stryvelyn,  2  Ric.  II.  No.  49, 

■"  Inq.  p.m.  of  Jacoba,  widow  of  John  de  Stryvelyn,  14  Ric.  11,  No.  47. 

''  Inq.  p.m.  of  Christina,  widow  of  John  de  Middleton,  9  Hen.  V.  No.  54. 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER.  28 1 

years  afterwards  it  was  stated  that  Ralph  Nevill,  earl  of  Westmorland, 
had  died  seised  of  eight  messuages  in  Shotle,  parcel  of  the  manor  of 
Bolbec,  each  of  which  was  worth  6d.  beyond  reprises,  loo  acres  of  arable 
land  worth  id.  an  acre,  300  acres  of  waste  land  and  moor,  and  60  acres 
of  wood  which  were  worth  nothing  because  there  was  no  underwood.' 

The  names  of  the  Shotley  contingent  at  the  great  muster  in  1538 
seem  to  be  returned  under  the  head  of  Unthank. 

Unthank  Muster  Roll,  1538.- 

Georg  Carr,  Richard  Teysdell,  Robert  Partus,  John  Taylyor,  Necholes  Taylor,  Wilhiie  Smythe, 
Christofer  Swynbury,  John  Symson,  Rolland  Synison,  Symond  Parker,  Georg  Sheyll,  Alexander  Eleson, 
Robert  Elrington  ;  able  with  hors  and  harnes.  Lyell  Armstrong,  John  Parker,  Hewe  Thomson,  Clemet 
Mawen,  John  Elryngton  ;  able  with  hors  and  harnes.  John  Pyg,  Cristofer  Elryngton,  Richard  Mak 
Robyn,  Willm  Carre,  Willni  .\gnuis,  Archebald  Agnus,  Dave  Agnus,  Dave  Armstrong,  Alexander 
Teysdall,  Robert  Thomson,  Lancelot  Hord,  Edward  Carre,  Andro  Partus,  Thomas  Care  ;  able  with 
hors  and  harnes.  Willm  Thomson,  Willm  Carre,  John  Car,  John  Baynbryk,  John  Cudbart,  Willm  Car, 
Matho  Teysdell,  Thomas  Leydell,  Heu  Raw,  Lyell  Hord;  able  with  hors  and  harnes.  John  Teysdell, 
Antone  Dood,  Antro  Car,  George  Armstrang,  Robert  Lyddell,  John  Dynnyng,  Willm  Dynnyng,  Christofer 
Dennyng  ;  naither  hors  nor  harnes. 

Berkynsvd  Muster  Roll,  1538." 

Thomas  Redshaw,  Cuthbert  Pacs,  John  Brown,  Cudbart  Hoppar,  Matho  Kyrkcows,  Nicholles 
Lawborn,  John  Andro,  Nicholes  Hopper,  Christofer  Redshawe,  Antonne  Buk,  NechoUes  Andro;  able 
with  hors  and  harnes.  Georg  Cumyng,  Edwerd  Ward,  Robert  Buk,  Willm  Walker,  Cudbart  Walker, 
John  Walker,  Thomas  Elryngton,  Willm  Hall,  NechoUes  Parker ;  naither  hors  nor  harnes. 

When  the  manor  of  Bolbec  was  surveyed  after  the  attainder  of  the 
earl  of  Westmorland  and  the  consequent  confiscation  of  his  estates,  it  was 
found  that  there  were  in  Shotley  both  free  and  leasehold  tenants.  Others 
were  described  as  tenants  at  the  will  of  the  queen,  who  apparently  occupied 
lands  belonging  to  the  dissolved  religious  house  of  Blanchland. 

Free  Ten.\nts  in  Shotley,  1570. 

Tenant.  Holding.  Tenure.  Yearly  rent. 

John  .Swynburne         ...     A  moiety  of  a  tenement  called     By  charter  and  free  socage,  suit 

'  Blackeyad  land '  of  court  and  payment  of  relief         5s.    od. 

Percival  Hopper         ...     The  other  moiety  of  the  said 

tenement        ...         ...         ...  „  „  „  5s.    od. 

Cuthbert  Redshawe    ...     A  tenement  called  '  Snoldes  '  ..       By  military  service  and  by  ser-     Suit  of  court 

vice  of  (  .  .  .  )   part  of  one  only, 

knight's  fee 
Edward  Lawson  ...     Certain    lands    with    meadows,     By  charier  in  free  socage  and 

etc.  suit  of  court    ...         ...         ...         3s.    4d. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  of  Ralf  Nevill,  earl  of  Westmorland,  4  Hen.  VI.  No.  37. 
^  Arch.  Acl.  4to  series,  vol.  iv.  p.  179.  ^  Ibid. 

Vol.  VI.  36 


282 


THK    PARISH    ()V    HYWKl.L    ST.    ANDREW. 


Free  Tenants  in  .Shoti.i.y,  1570  {continued). 

HoMing  Ttnurc. 

A  tL-neiuent  called  '  I'aneshilles'     By  charter  and  free  socage,  suit 

of  court  and  relief     ... 
Robert    Mydleton,  esq.     Uixcrs  lands  and  tenements  in 
Shotley   called    the   '  Whole 

Rowe '  and  '  Crokedgate '    ...  „  „  „ 

Lands    called    '  Waskall '    and 
The  '  Haughowse'    ...         ...  „  „  „ 

Lands,  etc.,  called  the  '  Conion  „  „  „ 

Clinke ' 

Sum,  53s.  lod. 


Tenant. 
George  Comyn 


John  Hall 

Stephen  Richardson 


Yearly  rent 
3s.    od. 

36s.    od. 

i8d. 
Suit  of  court 
only. 


Tenant.  ^ 

Thomas  Redshawe 
Thomas  Redshawe,  jun. 
Agnes  and  James  Hoppe 
Humphrey  Hopper 
Nicholas  Laborne 
Dennis  Hopper  ... 

John  Andrewe  ... 
Elizabeth  Buck  ... 
Nicholas  Hopper 

Izabell  Walker 

John  Walker 
Cuthbert  Redshawe 


Yearly  rent, 
s.       d. 


Tenants  holding  by  Lease  in  Shotley,  1570. 

No.  of 

essuage.        Name  of  Tenement  or  Messuage.  Date  of  Lease. 

I     Brekensyde 21  years  from  Sth  Aug.,  1566  14  4 

'                                  —  ......  14  4 

I     (By  assignment  of  Thomas  Hopper)  „             „             „  12  4 

I     Hydesbriges  and  Durham  fields    ...  41  years  from  1 2lh  Apr.,  1566  15  S 

I                                  —  21  years  from  8lh  Aug.,  1566  7  4 
I     (and  water  corn  mill,  with  suit,  soc, 

water  course,  etc.)             21  years  from  I  5th  Sept., 1 566  13  .4 

I      (By  assignment  of  Thomas  Nevill)  21  years  from  30th  Sept.,  1565  37  o 

>                                    —  21  years  from  20th  Aug. ,1566  8  7 

'                                    —  ....             1.  8  7 

'                                  —  ......  8  7 

'                                --  ..            ..            .,  S  7 

I      Cowehole        21  years  from  8th  .Aug.,  1566  3  o 

Sum,  £7  IIS.  8d. 


Tenant. 
Edward  Lawson 
John  Robynson 
Robert  Ward 
Lewis  Comyn 
Rowland  Dodes 
Edward  Comyn 
Anthony  Snoweball 


Tenants  at  the  Will  of  the  Queen  in  Shotley,  1570. 

Holding. 

I  piece  of  land,  parcel  of  '  Laies  Loung ' 
I  cottage  with  a  croft  '  de  novo  increniento ' 
I  messuage  with  lands,  meadows,  etc. 


riy  rent. 

s. 

d. 

0 

'» 

I 

4 

10 

0 

32 

6 

14 

2 

15 

0 

I  tenement  „  „ 

tenant  of  the  queen  as  in  right  of  her  former  monasteiy  at  Blancheland, 
pays  by  ancient  custom  for  common  of  pasture  in  the  common  fields 
of  Bulbeck  and  Bywell    ...         ...  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ^     2 

Sum,  76s.  4d. 

The  freehold  lands  at  Black  Hedley  held  bv  John  Swinburne  of 
Chopwell,  whose  name  heads  the  list  of  free  tenants  in  1570,  were  acquired 
before  1608  by  John  Andrew,  or  Andrews,  a  member  of  a  family  whose 
name  is  associated  with  Shotley  down  to  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth 
century. 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER. 


28^ 


Tenant. 
John  Andrew  ... 

Nicholas  Hopper 
Gawine  Redshawe 
John  Wilkinson 
Thomas  Maire 
Thomas  Midleton 

John  Hall 

Cuthbert  Richardson . 


Free  Ten.\nt.s  in  Shoti.ey,  1608. 

Holding. 

The  moiety  of  a  tenement  called  Blackeyd- 

land 
The  other  moiety  of  the  said  tenement     ... 

A  tenement  called  the  Snoldes      

Certain  lands 

A  tenement  called  Paneshills 

Certain  lands  in  Shotley  called  the  '  Whole 

Rawe' and  the  '  Crooked  Gaite'  ...  „ 

Certain  lands   called   '  Waskell '  and    the 

Loughouse  ...         ...         ...         ...  » 

Certain  lands  called  the  Common  Crike  ...     Socage 

Sum  of  free  rents  in  Shottley  greaveship,  54s.  id. 


Y 

early  rent. 

Tenure. 

s.      d. 

Socage, 

service  and  suit 

of 

court 

5     0 

it 

M                          )1 

5     0 

0       2 

Socage 

3  4 
.1     0 

36 


Tenants  holding  by  Lease  in  Shotley,  1608. 


Tenant. 


Tenement  or 
Messuage. 


Thomas    Redshaw 

the  elder 
Nicholas  Andrew... 


John  Hopper 
Cuthbert  Hopper... 

Robert  Redshaw... 

Dionise  Hopper  .. 
Andrew  Bucke  .. 
Humfrey  Hopper 
Rowland  Walker.. 
Humfry  Walker  .. 
Gawin    Redshaw 


Tenant. 
John  Wilkinson 
Cuthbert  Richardson . 
Robert  Andrew 


Tenure. 

By  Letters  Patent  to  him  and  Thos. 
Marley,  dated  9th  Aug.,  1606     ... 

By  Letters  Patent  to  Tho.  Red- 
shaw and  Thos.  IVIarley,  dated 
9th  Aug.,  1607       

By  Letters  Patent  to  Nic.  Andrew 
and  Thos.  Redshaw 


I 

6 

f  court 

0 

' 

Rent. 

s.      d. 

Value 
beyond  rent. 
£    5.     d. 

By  Letters  Patent  to  Nic.  Andrew 
and  Thos.  Marley,  dated  gth 
Aug.,  1606 

By  Letters  Patent  to  Nic.  Andrew 
and  Tho.  Redshaw 


I     In  Breckenside 

I     In  Breckenside,  late  in 

the    tenure   of    John 

Andrew  his  father 
I     Called  Hidsebrigge  and 

Durhamfeildes 
I      In  Breckenside,  late  in 

the  tenure  of  Agnes 

and  James  Hopper 
I     Late  in  tenure  of  Nic. 

Laborne,  called  Dur- 

hamfeilde 
I     (with  water  corn  mill)... 

I     Late  in  the   tenure  of 

Elizabeth  Buck       ...  „  „  „ 

I      Late   in   the  tenure   of 

Nicholas  Hopper   ...  „  „  „ 

1     Late   in   the   tenure  of 

Isabell  Walker        ...  „  „  „ 

I      Late   in   the  tenure   of 

John  Walker  ...  „  „  „ 

I     Called  the  Cowhole   ...  „  „  ,, 

Sum  of  Leasehold  rents  in  Shotley,  ^8  12s.  2d. 

Tenants  at  the  will  of  the  lord  in  Shotley,  1608. 

Holding. 
...     A  parcel  of  pasture  ground  late  in  the  tenure  of  Edw.  Lawson 

A  tenement  late  in  the  tenure  of  John  Robinson  

A  tenement  late  in  the  tenure  of  Robert  Warde  by  mean  con- 
veyance out  of  Letters  Patent  to  Nic.  Andrews  and  Thos. 
Redshaw 


iS     4       3  13     4 


47     6 


T5  10 

9  4 

13  4 

I  I  o 


400 


3     6     8 


1 1 

0 

2 

0 

0 

3 

10 

0 

16 

8 

V, 
Rent. 
s.      d. 

alue  beyond 
rent. 
s.      d. 

0 

-> 

I 

0 

I 

4 

3 

4 

!84 


THK    PARISH    OF    HYWr.I.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 


Tenants  at  the  will  of  thk  lord  in  Shotlkv,  1608  {iontiuucd). 


Tenant. 

Anthonie  Commin 

Thomas  Woodmosse . 

Thomas  Maioi- 
Anthony  .Snowball 


Holding. 

A  tenement  called  ISroomhill,  etc.,  late  in  the  tenure  of 
Edward  Commin  

A  tenement  called  Whinhouse,  etc.,  late  in  the  tenure  of 
Lewes  Commin... 

Certain  lands  called  '  Sclbyc's  Close'  and  '  High  Intacke' 

Certain  common  of  pasture  by  ancient  custom  ... 


Value  beyond 
Kenl.         rent, 
d.  s.      d. 


'5 


33  10 

14      2 
3      2 


26     8 

16     8 

nil 


The  lands  in  Shotlev  forfeited  in  1569  by  the  attainder  of  the  earl 
of  Westmorland  remained  in  the  hands  of  the  Crown  until  1628,  when  the 
barony  of  Bolbec  was  granted  bv  Charles  I.  to  Edward  Ditchfield  and 
others  in  part  payment  for  large  sums  of  money  owing  by  the  Crown 
to  the  citizens  of  London.  By  direction  of  the  City  of  London  Court  of 
Committee,  Ditchfield,  in  1630,  conveyed  the  barony  and  lands  to  John 
Heath  and  Roger  Fenwicke,  whose  policy  seems  to  have  been  to 
encourage  the  leasehold  and  customary  tenants  to  enfranchise  their 
holdings.  This  change  must  have  proceeded  rapidly,  for,  in  addition 
to  the  eight  freehold  tenants  whose  naines  appear  on  the  list  of  1608, 
there  were  in  1663  very  many  others.  It  is  doubtful  whether  the  list  of 
proprietors  given  in  the  Book  of  Rates  of  1663  is  quite  correct,  but  it 
is  given  as  it  stands. 

Proprietors  in  Shotlev  Parochi.^l  Ch.^pelrv,  1663.' 


Holding. 


AUenford-mir 
Birkenside 


Black-hedlev 


Broomhill 

Brunt  Sheelhaugh        

Crook[ed]-oak    ... 

Durhanifield 

Edesbridg  or  Edgebridge 

Emley     ... 

Ginglehaugh,  Gumillshaugh,  or 

Grumilshaugh 
Haugh-cleugh    ... 
Holrow    ... 
Lanes-loaneinge 
Pyne-sheel 


Tenant. 

John  Usher  of  Allenford 
John  Hunter 
Robert  Wanlesse 
George  Baker,  esq. 

Thomas  Swinburn,  esq.  ...         

Humphrey  Hopper 

William  Story     ... 

Earl  of  Northumberland 

William  Middleton  of  Belsey,  esq.,  or  Thomas  Rich[ar]dson 

Robert  Readshaw 

John  Iley  and  Robert  Tayler  ... 

Thomas  Swinbourne  of  Barmsto[n],  esq. 


Rental. 

£  s.  d. 
800 
900 
700 


10     o 

14  10 

5     o 


5 
12 
20 
10 


Thomas  Swinbourne  of  Barmston,  esq. 

Mr.  Thomas  Mills  

William  Middleton,  esq. 

John  Wilkinson  ... 

Thomas  Woodmas  of  the  same 


4    o 

3     o 

(sic)  80-  o 

8    o 

24     o 


'  Including  portions  of  .Shotlev  High  or  West  Quarter  township,  Newbiggen  township,  .and  Shotley 
Low  or  East  Quarter  township.     Cf.  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  292. 
"  This  sum  is  probably  a  mistake  for  ^8. 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER.  285 

Proprietors  in  Shotley  Parochial  Chapeluy,  1663  {continued).  ^^^^^^ 

Holding.                                                                                     Tenant.  £     ^-     J- 

Shotley-bridg Mr.  Ralph  Maddison 32     o    o 

Shotley-fiekl       Lady  Forster  of  Blanchland,  tyth       30     o     o 

Alexander  Hopper         3     o    o 

"                 ' Cuthbert  Buck 900 

(.Shotley  Low  Quarter  ?)          ...     Anthony  Walker             900 

...     Thomas  Hopper 

J,  ...     Andrew  Jopling 

..     Humphrey  Hopper        ...         ~ 

Snode's     ...         " Cuthbert  Readshaw        20     o     o 

Unthank  John  Elrington,  esq.,  for  Crookley,  Esper-sheels,  Mill-sheels, 

and  Unthank           '37     o     o 

Warscally  or  Waskerley          ...     Mr.  Thomas  Mills          29     o     o 


Whinney-house 


Thom.as  Woodmas         900 


Shotley  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665.' 
John  Stainebanke,  Cuthbertt  Maugham,  Robertt  Wanlisse,  Mary  Hunter,  Humphrey  Hopper,  Mary 
Reedshaw  lames  Pottes,  Robert  Reedshaw,  Thomas  Richardson,  Elizabeth  Reedshaw,  Robertt  Taylor, 
[ohn  Hopper  Thomas  Marshall,  Janres  Marshall,  Hugh  Wilson,  Cuthbert  Usher,  Andrew  Raw,  Anthony 
Richardson  William  P.urrell,  Widdow  Andrew,  John  Wilkinson,  Raiph  Maddeson,  Thomas  Woodmas, 
Thomas  Selbig-  Cuthbertt  Puck,  Michaell  Warde,  Alexander  Hopper,  Cuthbert  Warde,  John  Hunter, 
each  one  chimney.  Thomas  Mills,  two  chimneys.  John  Usher,  Edward  Wilson,  Barbary  Reedshaw, 
Obediah  Parker,  Cuthbert  Backward,  '  not  payable.' 

It  is  not  known  how  the  lands  at  Shotley  Bridge,  which  in  1663 
belonged  to  Mr.  Ralph  Maddison,  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  family  of 
Andrews  of  Field-head.  Stories  still  linger  in  the  district  of  Mad  Maddison,' 
who  is  stated  to  have  been  executed  at  Durham  for  nmrder  in  1694.'  His 
house  stood  near  the  confluence  of  the  Shotley-burn  with  the  Derwent, 
where  the  offices  of  the  house  called  Derwent-dene  now  stand.' 

The  family  of  Andrews,  as  already  stated,  had  long  been  connected  with 
the  chapelry  of  Shotley.  John  Andrews  was  a  leasehold  tenant  in  1570,  and 
was  succeeded  by  his'son  Nicholas,  whose  name  appears  in  the  survey  of 
1 608.  Their  descendants  continued  to  hold  Field-head,  Waskerley,  and  other 
lands  until  the  year  1800,  when  the  estate  was  sold  by  the  daughters  and  co- 
heiresses of  John  Andrews  to  Arthur  Mowbray  of  the  South  Bailey,  Durham.'' 

•  P.R.O.  Subsidy  Roll,  Jgf,.  ,       •      ,  •  ,      r 

^  The  family  of  Maddison  was  settled  at  Hole-house,  a  place  on  the  Derwent,  but  m  the  parish  of 
Lanchester  Towards  the  end  of  the  eighteenth  century  it  produced  two  members  who  rose  to 
eminencfin  the  Diplomatic  Service,  and  whose  sister  and  heiress  earned  Hole-house  by  marriage  to 
Mr.  Thomas  Greenwell  of  Broomshiekls.     Cf.  Surtees  Duylunn,  vol.  n.  pp.  347-j4b. 

3  Cf.  Ryan,  Histoiy  of  Shotley  Sp,i,  pp.  40-43.  (>7-  '  ^''"'-  . 

=  To  be  sold  by  auction  the  freehold  estate  of  Shotley  and  Waskerley,  consisting  of  a  nmnsion  house 
severa  farm  houses,  and  800  acres  of  land,  lately  belonging  to  John  Andrews,  esq,,  deceased.-  a 
largrplanTation  of  Valuable  timber  thereon  which,  having  been  taken  great  care  of,  .s  m  a  good  and 
thriving  condition.'     Newcastle  papers,  April,  1800. 


286 


Ttir.    r.XKISII    OF    HYWKT.I,    ST.    ANnKKW. 


ANDREWS    OF    SHOTLEY    AND    OF    DURHAM. 
John  .Andrew,  a  leasehold  tenant  at  Shotley  in  1570  (<r).    == 


John    Andrew,    in  Nicholas   Andrew,   in    1608  in    possession   of   lands    formerly  held 
160S,      held     a  hy  his  father,  and  also  a  moiety  of  Black  lledley  (/);  of  Shotley 

moiety  of  Black  Bridge,  'the  elder,'  when  he  made  his  will,  23rd  June,  1615  '  to  he 

Iledley  (/).  buried  at  Shotley'  ;  will  proved  at  Durham  21st  July,  1615  (</). 


Margaret  . . .  .  ;  will  dated 
23rd  January,  1637/8  for 
1638  ((/)  ;  to  be  buried 
in  Shotley  church. 


Nicholas  Andrew,  to  whom  his  father  gave  the  reversion  of  his 
tenement  at  Shotley  (</)  ;  in  1632  purchased  lands  at  Shotley 
from  Mr.  John  Heath  (c)  ;  named  in  his  mother's  will  («'). 


Isabel,  married  Robert  Dodds,  living  1615  and  1638  (</). 
Janet,  married  .  .  .  Wilkinson,  living  1615  and  1638  (</). 
Margaret,  married  William  Johnson,  living  1638  (r/). 


John  Andrew  of  Field-head,  Shotley;  will  dated  l6th 
July,  1702  ;  proved  same  year(n');  he  desires  that 
he  may  be  buried  in  Shotley  cliurch.  and  mentions 
his  lands  at  Shotley  Bridge.  Waskerley,  and 
Ilaughcleugh  (</)  ;  died  s.p. 


Anne  [  ?  Johnson],  executrix  of  her  hus- 
band's will  ;  was  living,  a  widow,  at  Eb- 
chester-hill  24th  July,  1705,  when  she 
released  her  dower  to  John  Andrew  out 
of  Waskerley  and  Haughcleugh  (c). 

\ 


■  Andrews  = 


John  Andrews  of  Field-head,    Shotley,  and   of  =  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Richardson  of  Framwellgate, 


Crossgate,  Durham,  nephew  and  heir  of  John 
Andrews,  who  died  1702;  died  3rd  Dec, 1729, 
aged  50  ;  buried  at  St.  Margaret's,  Durham 
((7") ;  had  issue  three  sons  and  three  daughters 
(f)  ;  administration  of  his  personal  estate, 
20th  Oct.  1733,  committed  to  his  widow  (c). 


and  of  Cater-house,  Durham,  articles  before  marriage 
3rd  October,  1704  (c)  ;  married  at  Witton  Gilbert, 
I2th  October,  1704  ;  died  12th  .May,  1756,  aged  75  ; 
buried  at  St.  Margaret's,  Durham  («)  ;  will  dated 
3rd  February,  1747  {/). 


Anne,  to  whom 
her  uncle  gave 
a  legacy  of 
/200  ■(,/). 


II.  I 

John,  baptised  John  Andrews  of  Shotley-hall  and  of  Hallgarth, 

nth  .August,  Durham,   baptised    loth   January,    1713   (a); 

1709  ;     died  became  a  military  surgeon,  and  as  such  was 

in       infancy  present   at  the  battle  of  Dettingen,  in    1743 

(«).  (/5)  ;      was     also    physician     to     the     Duke 

Francis,     bap-  of   Cumberland   (Ji) ;    polled   at   the  election 

tised  October  of     knights    of     the    shire    in     1774;    died 

26th,    1712  ;  30th   November,   1792  (a)  :    will   dated    2nd 

buried    14th  April,  1792  ;    proved  24th  December  of  same 

May,i7i3(a).  year  (c). 


Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
John  Bright  of  Dur- 
ham (a);  mar.  settle- 
ment loth  July,  1770  ; 
mar.  at  Bow  church, 
Durham,  I2th  July, 
1770  (^) ;  was  an 
executrix  to  her  hus- 
band's will  (c)  (said 
to  be  second  wife)  (^g). 


I      I      I 

Margery,  baptised  12th  Feb- 
ruary, 1705  (n)  ;  died  un- 
married ;  buried  August 
19th,  17S0  (fl);  will  dated 
nth  .March.  1778  (<:)■ 

Elizabeth,  baptised  2nd  March, 
1707  (n)  ;  died  unmarried  ; 
buried  i6th  February,  1778 
(17);  will  dated  30th  October, 
1769  (<:). 

Catherine,  baptised  1st  May, 
1716  (a)  ;  died  unmarried 
6th  April.  1783  (a);  will 
dated  1st  October,  17S2  (c). 


.111111 
Elizabeth,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  born  22nd  July,  1771  (^g)  ;  married,  23rd  March,  1793 

(,f),  William  Nesfield,  rector  of  Branspeth,  and  perpetual  cur.ate  of  Chester-le-Street  ; 

died  2nd  March,  1808,  aged  36  ;  buried  at  St.  Oswald's,  Durham.  ^ 
Anne,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  born  4th  May,  1773  (,^)  ;  married  31st  July,  iSoo,  Charles  Ingoldsby  Paulett,  13th  Marquess 

of  Winchester.  ^ 
Sarah,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  horn  2nd  April,  I774(.?);  married  James  Erskine  of  the  48th  regiment,  a  colonel  in  the  army. ^ 
Frances,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  born  27th  September,  1775  (^),  living  in  1828,  unmarried. 
Catherine,  daughter  and  co-heiress,  married  John  Kingston.  Margaret,  born  3rd  Feb.,  1781  (_?)  ;  died  in  infancy. 


(fl)  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  iv.  p.  I45. 
{h)  Ex  inf.  Miss  Sarah  Erskine  of 
Weymouth,  4th  May,  1900. 


(0    Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds. 

(f/)  Durham  Probate  Registry. 

(<f)   Hall  and  Humberston's  Survey, 


(/)  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey. 

(_g)  Shai-p  MSS.  Pedigrees,  vol.  ii.  p.  96. 


Mr.  Arthur  Mowbray  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Mowbray, 
Hollingsworth  &  Co.,  bankers,  which  fell  into  difficulties  and  failed  in  1815;' 
whereupon  the  Shotley-hall  estate  was  sold  under  an  order  of  the  Court  of 
Chancery,  and  was  purchased  in  iSiS  by  Mr.  Thomas  Walker,  then  residing 


Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds. 


SHOTLEY  LOW  QUARTER. 


287 


at  Berryhill,  in  the  parish  of  Mansfield,  Notts.'  Mr.  Thomas  Walker,  by 
will  dated  April  13th,  1827,  gave  his  real  estate  to  his  three  nephews, 
Samuel,  Henry,  and  Joshua  Walker,  who  in  1830  sold  the  Shotley-hall 
estate  to  Mr.  John  Wilson  of  Nent-hall,  Cumberland. - 

WILSON    OF   SHOTLEY-HALL   AND    OF   RIDING-MILL. 

Joseph  Wilson  rented  the  farm  of  Kilhope-buni  from  Sir  William  Blackett,  and  afterwards  = 
that  of  Carr-shield  in  Altendale  (a).  I 


Jacob  Wilson,  suc- 
ceeded his  father  as 
tenant  of  Kilhope- 
burn  (a). 


John  Wilson  of  Carr-shield 
in  Allendale  a  moiety 
of    which   he    purchased 


Sarah,  daughter  of .  .  .  Walton 
of  Smallburns  in  West 
.Allendale,  born  14th  July, 
1729  («)  ;  died  .  . .  1S15  (a). 


Thomas  Wilson 
purchased  a 
moiety  of  Carr- 
shield  (rt). 


I      I      I      I 
Joseph  («). 
John  (a). 
Ralph  (,!). 
William  (rt). 


John,  John  Wilson  of  Nent-hall,  born  at  Carr-shield 

died    in  1st  October,  1761  («)  ;    married  at  Allendale 

infancy  2Sth  October,  1790  («)  ;    purchased  Shotley- 

(«).  hall    in    1830,    and    died    there   I2th    August, 

1838  ;  buried  at  Carr-shield  (a). 


Mary,  daughter  of  Joseph  Uow- 
nas  of  Allenheads,  born  13th 
March,  1759  («)  ;  died  at 
Cullercoats  27th  Sept.,  1842  ; 
buried  .at  Carr-shield  (a). 


Joseph  Wil- 
son, died 
unmarried 
aged  32  (a). 


Henry  Jacob  Wilson  of  Alston,  born  loth 

Wilson  July,  1770(a);  voted  for  Riding- 

(a).  mill    in    1832  ;    died  at    Alston 

4,  (a).  3rd  July,  1858  (a). 


Elizabeth,  daughter  of  .... 
Vipond  of  Grassfield,  mar. 
at  .\lston  17th  July,iSoo(«); 
died  25th  Dec,  1857  (a). 


I     i 
Mary,    mar.    John   Brown   of 

Black-dean  in  Weardale  (a). 
Elizabeth,  died  unmarried  at 

Munton,  near  Appleby  (a). 


Joseph  Wilson  of  Wood- 
horn,  born  6th  June, 
I  So  I  (a)  ;  voted  for 
Riding-mill  in  1832  ; 
died  at  Woodhurn  29th 
.May,  1876  (a). 


:.\nn,  dau.  of  Joseph 
Bowstead  of  Beck 
Bank, Cumber  land, 
born  23rd  Feb., 
1808  (a)  ;  died  at 
Woodhorn  Istjuly, 
1873  (a). 


I 
John  Wilson  of 
Newcastle, 
born  iSth  July, 
1807  ;dieil  2  1st 
Nov.,  1842  (a). 


I 
Francis, 
born   1S09 
(a)  ;    died 
1810(a). 


Thomas  Wilson, some-  =  Margaret,  dau. 
lime  alderman  of  ofjoseph  Bow- 
Newcastle, afterwards  stead  of  Beck 
of  Riding-mill ;  born  Bank  (a);  died 
4th  Dec,  1813  (a),  14th  April, 
at  Grassfield ;  died  1897. 
l6th  August,  1899. 


I 
Sir  Jacob  Wilson,  knight,  of 
Riding-mill,    born     i6th 
November,     1836     (a)  ; 
knighted  1889. 


=  Margaret,     daughter 
I       of  Tliomas  tiedley 
■^      of  Newcastle;  mar. 
1S74. 


I 
Joseph       Bow- 
stead    Wilson 
(a). 


Elizabeth  Ann,  mar.  8th  Jan.,  1874,  Lord  Arthur 
Cecil,  5th  son  of  the  2nd  Marquis  of  Salis- 
bury. 

Sarah  Frances. 


Henry  Vipond  Wilson,  born  23rd  October, 
1S17  (a)  ;  admitted  free  of  Merchant 
Adventurers'  Company,  31st  Mar.,  1S42. 


I      I      I 
Hannah,  born  25th  June,  1803,  died  23rd  May,  1822  (a). 
Elizabeth,  born  27th  .August,  1805  (a),  married  Thos.  Fair  of  Frcnchfield  (a). 
Sarah,  born  2Ist  July,  1811  (a)  ;  died  F'eb.,  1896;  bur.  at  Riding-mill. 


John,  born  at  Nent- 
hall    loth   August, 

1791  (a),  and  died 
there       9th      Jan., 

1 792  (a). 


John  Bownas,  born 
at  Nent-hall  27th 
Oct.,  1792  (a),  and 
died  there  19th 
October,  1793  (a). 


Joseph,  born  at  Nent- 
hall  24th  Jan.,  1799 
(a),  and  died  there 
I2th  F'ebruary,  1799 
(a). 


Henry,  born  at  Whitley- 
shield  14th  Feb.,  1802(a); 
died  8th  .April,  1803  (a)  ; 
buried  at  West  Allendale 
low  chapel  (a). 


William  Wilson,  born  at 
Whitley-shield  9th  Aug., 
1S04  (a)  ;  died  at  Nent- 
hall  2Sth  Aug.,  1S41  (a); 
bur.  at  Carr-shield  (a). 


'  For  sale  the  Shotley-hall  estate  and  the  manor  of  Waskerley  and  Hatighcleugh,  the  farms  of 
Shotley-hall,  Upper  and  Lower  Waskerley,  Laings  Loning,  Snods,  Panshields,  Hill-top  and  Shotley-field, 
comprising  over  2,000  acres,  late  the  estate  of  Arthur  Mowbray,  esq.     Newcastle  Courant,  July  nth,  1818. 

-  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.  For  a  pedigree  of  Walker,  see  Hunter,  Familiae  Miiwriim 
Gentium,  vol.  ii.  p.  742,  Harl.  Soc.  Pub.  No.  38. 


288  I'HK    PARISH    OF    HVWKI.I,    ST.    ANDREW. 


A 

Thomas  Wilson  of  Shotley-  = 

Elizabeth, 

Ann,      born      at 

Grace,    daughter     of  = 

George  Wilson,  = 

Emily,  dau. 

li;ill,   burn  ;it    Xent-hall 

daughter 

Nent-hall     23rd 

Rev.  Rowland  How- 

born   at  Wbit- 

of    Joseph 

l6th     Feb ,     1800    (/;) ; 

of    '    Sir 

November,  1796 

stead, reclorof  Little- 

ley-shield  14th 

Paul         of 

mar.  at    Nun    Monktun 

.Samuel 

((/)  ;  married  at 

dale     and      Ulcehy, 

Feb..  1802  ((/); 

Alston  («) ; 

April    30ih,    1S6S    (a)  ; 

Ciinard, 

Alston  15th  Oct., 

Lincolnshire  ;     died 

died  at   Nent- 

2nd  wife. 

died    22nd  April,   I.SSo; 

bart;  died 

1823       (rt),        to 

at      Penrith       13th 

hall    1st    Jan., 

bur.  at  St.  John's  church, 

4lh  Mar., 

Isaac    Crawhall 

June,  1859  (rt)  ;    Isl 

1880  ;    bur.  at 

Shotley. 

1889. 

of      Allenheads 

wife. 

Carr-shield. 

.Maria,  born  at  Nent-hall  1  Ith  October,  1792  (a) ;  married  gth  July,  1821,  Thomas  Walton  («)  ;  died  23rd  November,  182S 
(a) ;  buried  at  St.  George's  church,  Camlierwell.  Her  eldest  son,  John  Wilson  Walton,  assumed  the  additional  name  and 
arms  of  Wilson  on  succeeding  to  Shotley-liall,  in  18S0,  on  the  death  of  his  uncle  Thomas  Wilson. 

(«)   Mr.  J.  W,  Walton-Wilson's  Famih  Papers. 

The  house  built  by  John  Andrews,  near  the  site  of  the  older  house  of 
the  Maddisons,  was  occupied  by  Mr.  John  Wilson  and  his  son,  Mr.  Thomas 
Wilson,  until  the  year  1863,  when  a  new  house  was  built  to  which  the  name 
of  Shotley-hall  was  transferred,  the  name  of  Derwent-dene  being  given  to 
the  old  house.  Both  houses  are  surrounded  by  plantations  of  well-grown 
forest  trees.  Mr.  Thomas  Wilson,  dying  in  1880,  was  succeeded  by  his 
nephew,  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton,  the  present  owner,  who  by  his  uncle's  will  was 
required  to  assume  the  name  and  arms  of  Wilson  in  addition  to  his  own.' 

In  1663  Waskerley  belonged  to  Mr.  Thomas  Mills,  who  was  rated  for 
his  lands  there  at  £2^  per  annum,  but  on  February  i6th,  1684,  John 
Hall  of  Seaton  Panns,  in  the  county  of  Northumberland,  conveyed  the 
capital  messuage  of  Waskerley  and  the  farmholds  of  Haughhouse  and 
Haughcleugh  to  William  Johnson  of  Kibblesworth  in  consideration  of  the 
sum  of  ;^9io.-  Fourteen  years  later  William  Johnson,  for  the  sum  of 
^"1,200,  sold  Waskerley,  Haughhead,  and  Haughcleugh  to  John  Andrew  of 
Fieldhead,  giving  him  a  warranty  against  any  claim  which  might  be  made  by 
Michael  Hall,  late  of  the  city  of  Durham.'  John  Andrews  was  succeeded 
by  his  nephew  of  the  same  name,  who,  by  a  settlement  made  in  1704  on  his 
marriage  with  Anne  Richardson,  limited  Waskerley  to  the  younger  children 
of  the  marriage,  and  it  consequently  devolved  upon  his  three  daughters. 
These  ladies,  on  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common,  received  an  allotment 
of  102  acres  in  lieu  of  the  right  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  High 
and  Low  Waskerley.     The  last  surviving  sister,  Miss  Catherine  Andrews,  by 

'The  following  arms  were  granted  September  loth,  i8So,  to  Mr.  J.  W,  Walton,  Argent  3  ptilkts 
each  charged  wttji  an  ermine  sf>ot  of  tite  first  on  a  chief  gnles  as  many  pallets  ermine  (Walton).  And  on 
September  20th,  1880,  Qnarterly  first  and  fourth  a  wolf  salient  argent  holding  in  the  mouth  an  arrow  a 
bend  sinister  proper  zt'ithin  an  orle  of  10  mullets  of  six  points  (Wilson). 

-  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.  '  Ibid. 


SHOTLEY  LOW  QUARTER.  289 

her  will  dated  October  ist,  1782,  gave  Waskerley  to  her  brother  John  Andrews 
of  Durham,  by  whose  daughters  and  co-heiresses  it  was  sold  in  1800  to  Mr. 
Arthur  Mowbray  of  Durham.  Since  that  time  it  has  belonged  to  the  same 
owner  as  Shotley-hall,  and  is  now  the  property  of  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson. 

The  lands  at  the  Snods,  held  by  the  Redshaw  family  in  1570  and  1608, 
were  granted  May  i8th,  1638,  by  George  Baker  of  Newcastle  and  John 
Heath  of  Durham,  to  Cuthbert  Redshaw  of  the  Snods  in  fee  simple ; '  in 
1663  he  was  rated  for  the  same  at  ^20  per  annum.  Four  years  later,  by  a 
deed  dated  February  12th,  1666/7,  Cuthbert  and  John  Redshaw  conveyed 
two  third  parts  of  the  Snods  to  John  Johnson  of  Ebchester-hill.'  The 
Redshaws  afterwards  parted  with  the  remainder  of  the  estate,  which 
was  divided  by  the  award,  dated  February  23rd,  1704/5,  of  John  Hunter 
of  Medomsley,  who  had  been  chosen  to  eftect  a  division,'  between  the  said 
John  Johnson  and  John  Wilkinson  of  Laings-loning.  North  Snods  fell 
to  Johnson.'  In  1728  John  Johnson  of  Laings-loning  mortgaged  his  lands 
at  the  Snods  to  Robert  Johnson  of  Ebchester-hill.''  At  the  election  of 
knights  of  the  shire  in  1748  John  Johnson  voted  for  the  same."  Eleven 
years  later,  by  deed  dated  February  27th,  1759,  John  Johnson  and  Margaret, 
his  wife,  sold  their  lands  at  Laings-loning  to  Cuthbert  Smith,  an  alderman 
of  Newcastle,  and  the  Snods  to  John  Hunter  of  Medomsley,'  who  at 
the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common  received  allotments  comprising  89  acres 
in  lieu  of  common  of  pasture  appertaining  to  North  Snods.  Since  18 18  it 
has  formed  part  of  the  Shotley-hall  estate. 

The  South  Snods,  which  by  the  award  of  1705  fell  to  John  Wilkinson, 
was  in  the  possession  of  Matthew  Richardson  of  Newburn  in  1746,''  who 
voted  for  the  same  at  the  election  of  the  knights  of  the  shire  in  1748." 
On  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common  an  allotment  of  96  acres  was  made  to 
George  Richardson  and  Thomas  Whitfield  in  lieu  of  right  of  common  of 
pasture  appurtenant  to  South  Snods.  Several  mortgages  raised  on  the 
property  ultimately  vested  in  Anne,  only  child  and  heiress  of  Thomas 
Whitfield  of  Clargill,  who  in  1777  became  the  wife  of  Thomas  Graham  of 
Carlisle,  M.D.'"  Having  acquired  the  equity  of  redemption,  Mrs.  Graham, 
by  her  will  dated  April  4th,    1796,  gave  the  South  Snods  and  other  real 

'  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.  =  Ibiil.  "  Ibid. 

'  John  Johnson  voted  at  the  election  of  1710  and  1722  for  lands  at  the  Snods.     Poll  Books. 

'^  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.        '  Poll  Books.        '  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.       "  Ibul. 

»  Pull  Books.  '°  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton- Wilson's  deeds. 


Vol.  VI. 


37 


290  THK    PARISH    OV    HYWKI.l.    ST.    ANDRKW. 

estates  to  licr  kinsman  George  Mowbray,  afterwards  of  Mortimer,  Berks, 
with  remainder  to  his  second  son.'  Mr.  George  Movvbrav  died  in 
1799,  and  was  succeeded  in  the  South  Snods  by  his  second  son,  Thomas 
Mowbray  of  Yapton-house,  Sussex.  The  latter  is  described  as  a  lieutenant 
in  the  Royal  Navy  in  the  deed  by  which  he  conveved,  in  1822,  South  Snods 
to  Mr.  Thomas  Walker.  It  has  since  formed  part  of  the  Shotlev-hall  estate 
and  now  belongs  to  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson.  A  small  farm  called 
Orchard-field,  partlv  enclosed  by  the  Snods,  has  recently  been  purchased 
from  Sir  Arthur  Middleton,  bart.,  by  Mr.  Walton-Wilson. 

A  small  freehold  estate  called  Burn-mill  in  1688  belonged  to  Thomas 
Hopper  of  Muggleswick,  and  was  in  that  year  given  to  his  younger  son  John 
Hopper.  The  latter  dying  without  issue,  the  Burn-mill  was  sold  in  1721  by 
his  nephew  and  heir,  Thomas  Hopper  (son  of  Thomas  Hopper  of  Muggles- 
wick, elder  brother  of  the  above-named  John  Hopper),  to  John  Andrews  of 
the  city  of  Durham."     It  has  since  remained  part  of  the  Shotlev-hall  estate. 

The  small  village  or  hamlet  of  Shotley-field  stands  pleasantly  on  the 
north  side  of  the  Shotley-burn,  and  is  situated  about  the  centre  of  the 
township.  It  is  protected  by  clumps  and  rows  of  well-grown  forest  trees, 
and  upon  the  banks  of  the  stream  there  is  a  picturesque  and  ancient  corn 
mill.  In  1633  freehold  messuages  and  lands  at  Shotley-field  and  BoUisher 
were  conveyed  by  George  Baker  of  Newcastle  and  John  Heath  to  Thomas 
Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  whose  son  and  heir  of  the  same  name  in  1690 
conveyed  his  lands  to  Anthony  Buck  of  Crook.'  After  passing  through 
the  families  of  Harrison  of  Friarside,  Fewster  of  Ebchester,  Newton  of 
Burnhope,  Swalwell  of  Great  Whittington,  Dobson  of  Harlow-hill,  and 
Brown  of  Whickham,  vShotley-field  was  purchased  in  1817  by  Edward  Hall 
Campbell  of  Newcastle.^  Another  farm  at  Shotley-field  with  the  mill 
belonged  to  John  Hopper  in  1765,  and  continued  in  the  possession  of  his 
descendants  until  181  A,  when  it  was  sold  by  his  grandson,  John  Hopper, 
to  Edward  Hall  Campbell.''  In  182 1  Mr.  E.  H.  Campbell  and  his 
mortgagees  sold  it  to  Mr.  Thomas  Walker  of  Shotley-hall.'^     Other  lands  at 

'  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.  =  Ibid.  » Ibid.  '  Ibid.  ■■  Ibid. 

"  In  1663  Alexander  Hopper  and  Cuthbert  Buck  were  rated  for  lands  in  Shotley-field.  In  1 710 
John  Fewster,  in  1715  John  Hopper,  in  1734  Thomas  Hopper,  and  in  1748  Francis  Haswell  of  Edge 
Knowles  and  William  Newton  of  ISurnhopcfield  voted  at  the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire  for 
freehold  lands  here.  In  1774  Francis  Haswell  of  Horsley,  co.  Durham,  Robt.  Surtees  of  Hole-house, 
John  and  Joseph  Hopper  of  Shotley-field  voted  on  a  similar  qualification,  as  did  Thomas  Hopper  of 
Dunstan  Bank  in  1S26.     Poll  Books. 


SHOTLEY  LOW  OUARTER.  2gi 

Shotley-field  which  belonged  to  junior  members  of  the  Hopper  family  have 
mostly  been  absorbed  in  the  Shotley-hall  estate. 

The  tenement  of  Bollisher  passed  through  the  same  hands,  but  was 
retained  bv  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Brown  of  Whickham  until  1823,  when  it 
was  sold  to  Mr.  Thomas  Walker.  Other  freehold  tenements  at  Bollisher 
and  Aireyholm  in  1738  were  brought  into  settlement  upon  the  marriage 
of  Francis  Haswell  of  Rvton,  second  son  of  William  Haswell  of 
Sherburn-green,  deceased,  with  Eleanor  Emmerson  of  Horsley,  in  the 
parish  of  Stanhope.  They  were  sold  by  their  representatives  in  1779  to 
John  Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  whose  nephew  Thomas  Hopper,  in  18 10, 
conveyed  them  to  Anthonv  Richardson  of  Old  Ridley,  by  whom  they  were 
sold,  in  1824,  to  Mr.  Thomas  Walker  of  Shotley-hall.  All  these  parcels, 
purchased  by  Mr.  Thomas  Walker,  now  form  part  of  the  Shotley-hall 
estate  of  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson. 

The  history  of  Panshields,  or  Painshiels,  is  confused  and  somewhat 
obscure.  Under  the  name  of  Paneshilles  it  was  held  by  George  Comyn  in 
1570  in  socage,  doing  suit  of  court  and  paying  relief.  In  1608  it  is  stated 
to  be  held  by  Thomas  Maire,  but  on  May  26th,  1657,  Edward  Comyn 
of  the  Broomhill  was  enfeoffed  of  Pansheeles  bv  Mr.  Geora^e  Baker.'  In 
the  same  year,  on  January  20th,  1657/8,  Robert  Loraine  and  his  wife 
granted  Pansheeles  and  other  lands  in  Shotley  to  Mark  Milbank  for  a  term 
of  21  years."  In  1663,  Thomas  Woodmas  was  assessed  for  Pyne-sheel, 
but  three  years  later,  on  March  9th,  1665/6,  Robert  Loraine  of  Walker, 
gent.,  released  lands  at  Panshields  to  Christopher  Mickleton  of  the  city  of 
Durham.'  Some  of  these  transactions  were  probably  dealings  with  the 
estate  by  way  of  mortgage,  for  on  May  14th,  1680,  Andrew  Cumyn,  who  was 
at  that  time  living  in  the  Castle-garth  at  Newcastle,  conveyed  Panshields 
to  Thomas  Hunter  of  Medomsley,^  to  whom  he  had  already  transferred 
other  lands  in  the  chapelry  of  Shotley.^  Thomas  Hunter  made  his  will 
on  December  21st,  1685,  and  after  yielding  his  '  soule  unto  ye  mercifull 
amies  of  my  Saviour  Jesus  Christ '  desired  that  his  body  should  be  buried 
in  the  chancel  of  Medomsley  chapel.  He  gave  his  lands  at  Medomsley 
to  his  son  John,  his  mill  and  lands  at  Lintz  Green  to  his  son  Christopher, 
and  his  lands  at  Painsheilds  in  the  parish  of  Shotley  to  his  son  Thomas.'^ 
In  1692  Thomas  Hunter  obtained  Panshields-green  from  Mr.  George  Baker.'' 

'  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.         "  Und.         Ubhl.         'Ibid.         'Ibid.         'Ibid.         'Ibid. 


292  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

It  afterwards  passed  throuj^h  the  hands  of  the  families  of  Hall, 
Stephenson,  and  Wharton  of  Skelton  castle,  but  was  always  deeply 
mortgaged.  It  was  the  property  of  John  Hall  Stephenson  in  1 771,  when 
he  and  the  mortgagee  William  Farqnharson  obtained  an  allotment  on 
Bolbec  common,  and  was  acqnired  bv  Arthnr  Mowbray  in  1803.  Since 
that  time  it  has  formed  part  of  the  Shotley-hall  estate,  and  is  now  the 
property  of  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton- Wilson. 

The  holding  called  Laings-loning,  which  in  1570  was  held  by  Edward 
Lawsou,  was  rated  to  John  Wilkinson  in  1663  at  ;^8  per  annnm.'  John 
Wilkinson  of  Laings-loning  was  a  trnstee  of  the  marriage  settlement  of 
John  Andrews  of  Field-head  in  1704,-  and  voted  at  the  elections  of  knights 
of  the  shire  in  17 15  and  1721.^  Soon  afterwards  it  was  acqnired  either 
by  Thomas  Hopper  of  Dnrham-field  and  Snmmer-field,  or  bv  his  son 
Cuthbert  Hopper.^  The  latter  received  an  allotment  of  64  acres  when 
Bolbec  common  was  enclosed  in  lien  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant 
to  Laings-loning,  and  by  his  will  dated  July  20th,  1758,  he  gave  his  lands, 
charged  with  certain  payments,  to  John  Hunter  of  Medomsley.''  The 
devise  was  disputed  by  Thomas  Haswell  of  Framwellgate,  Durham,  the  heir- 
at-law,  who  brought  an  action  to  recover  possession  at  the  Northumberland 
Assizes  of  1781.  He  obtained  a  verdict,  but,  on  the  pavment  of  a  sum  of 
money  by  Hunter,  compromised  his  claim.'"  In  1802  Laings-loning  was  sold 
by  John  Hunter,  then  residing  at  the  Hermitage  near  Hexham,  to  Arthur 
Mowbray/  and  it  has  since  remained  a  part  of  the  Shotley-hall  estate. 

Unthank,  during  the  seventeenth  centurv,  belonged  to  the  familv  of 
Elrington  of  Espershields,  and  on  the  death  of  William  Elrington,  the  last 
male  heir  of  that  ancient  family,  devolved  upon  his  two  sisters  and 
co-heiresses  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Christopher  Hunter,  and  Isabella,  wife  of 
Gabriel  Reed  of  Troughend.  Christopher  Hunter,  a  scion  of  one  of 
the  two  families  of  Hunter  of  Medomsley,  a  distinguished  and  eminent 
antiquary,  and  a  Fellow  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  resided  chiefly  at 
Durham,  but  made  Unthank  an  occasional  residence,  and  died  there  on 
the   1 2th  of  July,  1757."      A  sketch  of  his  life  and  labours  by   Mr.  Surtees 

>  Book  of  Rates,  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  292.  -  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton- Wilson's  deeds. 

'  Poll  Books.  ■■  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.  =  Ibid.  '  Ibid.  ■  Ibid. 

"  1757,  May  13th.  'Dr.  Hunter,  his  wife  and  son  left  Durham  and  went  to  li\e  at  Uutliank,  an 
estate  Ijelonging  to  Mrs.  Hunter;'  Gyll's  Duiry. 

'757i  July  i2th.  'Died  at  Unthank  my  uncle  Dr.  Chr.  Hunter,  in  ye  82^1  year  of  his  age,  in  the 
night  between  the  12  &  13  ;  and  was  buried  on  the  isth  in  Shotley  church,  com.  Northuinb.  He  left 
Eliz.,  his  widow,  and  Thomas,  his  only  surviving  child,  and  a  grand-daughter,  the  only  child  of  his  son 
John,  deceased  ; '  ibid. 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER.  293 

may  be  found  in  the  second  volume  of  the  History  of  Durham,'  and  a 
portion  of  his  MS.  collections  are  deposited  in  the  cathedral  library  at 
Durham.  Mrs.  Hunter's  moiety  of  Unthank  was  sold  by  her  son  Thomas 
Hunter-  to  Mr.  George  Baker  of  Elemore,  and  by  him  was  sold  in  1773 
to  William  Rudd  of  Durham  in  trust  for  Mr.  George  Silvertop,'  who 
had  previously,  apparently  about  the  year  1750/ purchased  Mrs.  Reed's 
moiety  of  the  estate  from  her  son,  Elrington  Reed.  An  allotment  of  164 
acres  was  made  to  George  Baker  and  George  Silvertop  in  1771  on  the 
enclosure    of   Bolbec    common.      Both    moieties    now    form    part    of    the 

Minsteracres  estate. 

Near  the  farm-house  is  the  old  parsonage  of  the  chapelry  of  Shotley, 
but  the  date  and  circumstances  under  which  the  house  and  the  adjacent  ten 
acres  of  glebe  land  were  acquired  for  the  benefice  are  unknown.^* 

The  small  hamlet  of  Birkenside  is  situated  within  the  800  feet  contour 
line.     The  Redshaw  family  held  lands  there  in  1570  and  1608,  and  Cuthbert 
Hopper  was  also  a  tenant  in  the  latter  year.      The  names  of  Mr.  George 
Baker    of    Crook,    John    Hunter,    and    Robert    Wanless,    are    entered    as 
proprietors  in  the  book  of  rates  of   1663.       Various  names  appear  in  the 
eighteenth  centurv  poll  books  as  having  voted  for  lands  at   Birkenside  at 
elections  of  knights  of  the  shire,  viz.,    in   17 10,  William  Lawson  ;    in  17 15, 
Ralph   Henderson;     in    1722,    Mr.   George    Baker   and    Anthony   Smith   of 
Iviston;    in    1734,    Robert    Smith    of    Loosing-hill,    Cuthbert    Surtees    of 
Shotley-field,  and  John  Atkinson  ;  in  1748,  John  Atkinson,  Cuthbert  Surtees 
of  Shotlev-field,   and   Robert   Smith   of  Sunderland.'^       At  the   division   of 
Bolbec  common   an   allotment  in  lieu  of  the  right  of  common  of  pasture 
belonging  to   Birkenside  was  made  to   xMr.  George  Baker  of  Crook,  from 
whose''  family   it   was   purchased   by   Mr.  Silvertop  ;    it   now  forms  part  of 
the    Minsteracres    estate.         The   roadside   inn   or   public   house   called   the 
'  Manor-house,'  also  belongs  to  Mr.  Silvertop. 

'  Surtees  Duyluim,  vol.  ii.  p.  2S7. 

=  Thomas    Hunter,   the   eldest   son    and    only  surviving   child    of  Christopher   Hunter,   ^vas   born 

Janua>r'77°     Thomas  Hunter  d,ed  at  Unthank  and  was  buried  at  Shotley  .6th  October,  ,770. 

3  Bell  Collection.  '  See  account  of  Espersh.elds.  ,  ,      ,      , 

■'■  In   1832   the  Rev.  John   Messenger  of   Unthank  voted  for  a  freehold  house  and  glebe  land  at 

Unthank  ;  Poll  Book.  '  Poll  Books. 


294 


THE    PARISH    OF    HVWKI.I.    ST.     ANDRKW 


Tile  aiKiciit  \ill  of  Black  Hedley  is  now  represented  by  a  sincjle  house 
and  homestead.  Tlu'  old  mansion  of  the  ianiily  of  Hopper  of  Black 
Hedley,  reconstructed  and  added  to  about  the  year  1750  by  Humphrey 
Hopper,  and  provided  with  outbuildings  fantastically  adorned  with  life  size 
stone  figures,  is  approached  by  avenues  of  well-grown  forest  trees.  One 
of  these  avenues  is  entered  from  the  high  road  at  Greenhead  by  the  '  port ' 
or  gatehouse  similar  in  style  and  decoration  to  the  buildings  contiguous 
to  the  house. 


The  Pout. 


The  hamlet  of  Black  Hedley  was  one  of  the  places  which  John  de 
Middleton  gave,  January  25th,  1317,  to  his  daughter  Joan  on  her  marriage 
with  John  de  Felton.'  It  seems  to  have  reverted  to  Sir  John  de  Middleton 
and    Christina,  his  wife,  the   latter    of  whom    died   on  the    loth  of  March, 


'  Iiuj.  ad  qiuui  ddinuuin,  12  EcUv.  II.  No.  121. 


SHOTLEY  LOW  OUARTER.  295 

142 1/2,  seised  of  one  husbandland,  40  acres  of  land,  4  acres  of  meadow, 
and  10  acres  of  wood  in  Black  Hedley,  held  by  socage  of  Ralph  Nevill 
as  of  his  lordship  of  Bywell,  but  at  that  time  producing  no  income  by 
reason  of  the  destruction  of  the  countryside  by  the  Scots/ 

About  the  year  1570,  Black  Hedley  was  held  in  moieties  by  John 
Swinburne  and  Percival  Hopper,  by  charter  in  free  socage,  suit  of  court, 
and  payment  of  relief.-  In  1608  Swinburne's  moiety  is  stated  to  be  held  by 
John  Andrew,^  and  the  other  moiety  by  Nicholas  Hopper,  as  free  tenants;' 
but  the  Crown  continued  to  hold  a  parcel  of  the  attainted  earl  of 
Westmorland's  lands,  for  it  is  stated  in  the  survey  that  Robert  Bowes  and 
George  Bowes  had  felled  '  within  his  majestie's  woodes  of  Black  Hedley 
without  any  warrant  for  the  same,  as  much  oakewood  and  birtchwood  as 
was  worth  _^40  and  upwards.'"  A  tenement  with  gardens,  orchards,  etc.,  of 
the  yearly  value  of  46s.  8d.,  late  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  the  earl  of 
Westmorland,  was  granted  January  20th,  1608/9,  to  Justinian  Povey  and 
Robert  Morgan  ;  the  grant  being  made  in  consideration  of  the  true  and 
faithful  service  of  the  king's  kinsman  and  councillor,  John,  earl  of  Mar.'' 
The  name  of  Swinburne  reappears  in  the  book  of  rates  of  1663,  at  which 
time  Thomas  Swinburne  was  rated  for  lands  at  Black  Hedley  at  ^10,  and 
Humphrey  Hopper  at  ^14  los.  per  annum. 

Mr.  Nicholas  Hopper,  one  of  the  last  survivors  of  the  family,  was  an 
agriculturist  of  note  in  his  day,  and  his  method  of  husbandry  is  commended 
in  the  Agricttltural  Survey  of  Northiiinbcilaiid,  published  in  181 3,  in  the 
following  passage  : 

Upon  Bulbeck  common  there  are  lands  which,  in  a  stale  of  common,  were  not  worth  more  than  a 
shining  an  acre,  a  part  of  which  has  been  in  ploughing  twenty-five  years,  and  grown  three  white  crops 
successively,  between  one  fallowing  and  another  ;  this  land  is  now  dear  enough  at  four  shillings  an  acre  ; 
while  Mr.  Hopper's  of  Black  Hedley  is  worth  ten  shillings  or  twelve  shillings.  His  system  is,  when 
first  broken  up  from  heath  to  pare  and  burn,  and  plough  in  the  autumn  ;  next  spring  plough  across, 
lime,  and  sow  oats  ;  then  fallow  and  lime,  75  bushells  per  acre,  and  sow-  turnips  ;  after  which,  oats  and 
grass  seeds,  four  |iounds  red  clover,  five  pounds  white,  and  one  bushel  of  ray  grass,  and  continue  in  grass 
six  or  seven  years  ;  then  to  plough  for  oats,  turnips,  oats,  and  sow  up  with  grass  seeds  as  before.  There 
are  instances,  where  the  increased  value  is  in  the  ratio  of  twelve  to  one  or  even  more.' 

'  hu}.  />.;;;.  of  Christina  widow  of  John  de  Middleton,  9  Hen.  V.  No.  54. 

^  Hall  and  Humberston's  Survey  of  1570.  John  .Swinburne's  estate  comprised  a  tenement  with  a 
garden,  orchards,  and  45  acres  of  arable  meadow  and  pasture  land  let  to  Christopher  Andrews  at 
46s.  8d.  per  annum. 

'  Christopher  Andrew  of  Black  Hedley  died  about  the  year  1600.  Administration  of  his  personal 
estate  was  granted  7th  March,  1601/2,  to  his  two  sons-in-law,  viz.,  Thomas  Hopper,  the  husband  of 
Jane  Andiew,  and  John  Wilkinson,  husband  of  Margery  Andrew.     Durham  Probate  Rci^istry. 

'  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey.  ■'  Ibid.  "Pat.  Rolls,  6  Jas.  I.  part  32. 

'  Bailey  and  CuUey,  Agricultural  Survey  of  Northumberland,  3rd  edition  (1813),  p.  126. 


296 


rilK    I'AKISIl    OF    UYWKI.I.    ST.    ANDKKW. 


Nicholas  Hopper'  was  succeeded  by  his  brother  (ieorge  Hopper,  wlio 
died  an  aged  man  in  iSiS.  Never  having  been  married,  he  gave  his  huids 
to  his  nephew  Nicholas  Burnett,  son  of  George  Burnett  of  Ovington ; 
whose  trustees  with  his  consent  sold  Black  Hedley  in  1858-  to  Mr.  Thomas 
Wilson  of  Shotley-hall.     It  now  belongs  to  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson. 

The  following  pedigree  of  the  family  of  Hopper,  now  e.xtinct  in  the 
direct  line,  but  represented  by  numerous  branches,  is  as  full  as  the  imperfect 
materials  will  permit. 

'  1S07,  February  2nd,  aged  60,  at  Black  Hedley  North,  in  consequence  of  a  fall  from  his  horse 
whilst  looking  over  his  grounds,  Nicholas  Hopper,  esq.,  in  v\hose  conduct  the  character  of  Pope's  '  Man 
of  Ross'  was  completely  exemplified  ;  GciithiiHiii's  Mai;ti:^inc. 

-  For  sale  the  estate  of  Black  Hedley,  comprising  623  acres.  Apply  to  Mr.  (ieorge  Hopper 
Burnett  at  Wood-house  near  Shotley  Bridge.     Newcastle  Papers,  September,  1S56. 

HOPPER  OF  BLACK  HEDLEY. 

The  arms  of  Hopper,  as  shown  on  the  tomb  circa  1734  in  the  church  of  Barnard  Castle,  are  argetil  three  roses  gules. 
Surtees  Durham^  vol.  iv.  pt.  i.  p.  83. 

PercIVAL  Hoppek  had  a  moiety  of  Black  Hedley  in  1570. 


Nicholas  Hopper,  20th  August,  1 566,  obtained 
a  lease  of  lands  in  Shotley  ;  held  a  moiety 
of  Black  Hedley  in  160S  ;  will  dated  25th 
August,  1617;  proved  1617;  to  be  buried  in 
Shotley  chapel  (Ji). 


Jane  .  . .  an  e.xeculrix  to  her  husband's  will  (Ji).  [James]  Hopper.  = 


I      I 
Christopher. 
James. 


John.  \ 

Isabella.     / 


All  named  in  the  will  of 
uncle  Nicholas. 


their 


Cuthbert  Hopper  of 
Black  Hedley,  son 
and  heir;  in  1647 
was  made  guardian 
ofhis  nephew, John 
Hopper  (/<)  ;  had  a 
dau.,  Isabella,  liv. 
25th  Aug.,  i6i7(/;). 


I     I 
Nicholas 
Hopper, 
living  1633 

Humphrey 
Hopper, 
living  1647 


John  Hopper  (/() 
of  Black  Hedley  ; 
will  dated  15th 
December,  1633  ; 
proved  1633  ;  to 
be  buried  in  Shot- 
ley  church  ;  issue 
seven  children  (li). 


Elizabeth,  Thomas  Hopper  of  Bl.ack 
named  in  Hedley,  purchased  lands 
her  hus-  in  Sholley-field  ist 
band's  January,      1632/3      (a)  ; 

will  (Ji).  will  dated  l8th  Novem- 

ber, 1647  ;  proved 
1649  ;  to  be  buried  in 
Shotley  church  (li). 


execu- 
trix  to 
her  hus- 
band's 
will. 


Jane,  married 
Thomas  Potts ; 
named  in  her 
father's  will, 
and  in  that 
of  her  brothers 
John  andThos. 


I  I 

Cuthbert    Hop-  Humphrey  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,* 

per,  eldest  son,  was  rated  for  lands  there  in   1663  ; 

named    in    his  purchased    lands    at    Shotley-field 

father's  will.  1st  February,  1668/9  («)• 


Thomas,  son  and  heir,  to  whom  his  father  gave  two- 
thirds  of  his  tenement  at  Shotley-field  when  21  (li)  ; 
living  17th  May,  1690,  when  he  sold  certain  lands  in 
ShoUey-field  («). 


John 


I                             „  I 

John    Hopper   of    Black  = not         Joseph    Hopper    of    Black  =  Mary  . 


Hedley,  will  dated  27th 
Feb.,  1679/80  ;  proved 
1680 ;  to  be  buried  at 
Shotley  church  ;  men- 
tions his  mother  as  liv- 
ing, and  his  brother- 
in-law,  George  Ward 
{I,). 


mentioned  Hedley  (a),  named  in  his       named  in 

in  her  hus-  brother's  will  ;    owner    of        her    hus- 

band's will  lands  at  Shotley-field  (r?)  ;        band's 

(/>).  died     unmarried,    leaving        will   (a). 

Humphrey  Hopper  his 
nephew  and  heir  (a)  ;  will 
dated  I2th  May,  1696  (a)  ; 
bur.  20th  May,  1696  (jf). 


Jane,  married  George  Ward, 
living  1 2th  May,  i6g6  {ii). 

.'^nne,  married  .  . .  Smith,  living 
1 2  th  May,  1696  (a). 

Mary,  married  Swin- 
burne, living  I2th  M.ay,  1696 
(a). 

Elizabeth,  married  .  .  .  Hunter, 
living  I2th  May,  1696  (a). 


=  Humphrey  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  only  son,  born  13th  December,  1677  =  Jane,  dau.   of  George 


(c)  ;  voted  at  the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire  1710,  1715,  17; 
and  1748  ;  owned  lands  at  Barnard  Castle  and  at  Rookhope(c)  ;  built 
Wood-house  and  the  'port'  at  Black  Hedley  (t)  ;  died  at  Black 
Hedley  Wood-house  29th  October,  1760  (c)  ;  buried  ist  November, 
1760  (g)  ;  will  dated  8th  November,  175S  (/-). 


Hodgson  of  Ahvent, 
near  Staindrop  (^7), 
mar.  6lh  May,  1697 
(^);  died  29th  Feb,, 
I75::,aged  77  (/)(,?)■ 


Anne,  born  i6th 
January,  1679 
(c),  named  in 
her  father's 
will  (/,)• 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER. 


297 


Thomas,  bapt.     John  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley  («), 

2Ist    April,         ill    1776  called    eldest  son    and 

1694     (^)  ;         heir-at-law   (a)  ;    baptised   23rd 

died   in  his         April,  1700  (.c)  ;  resided  chiefly 

father's  life-         at        Raydale-hall,       Aysgarth, 

time.  Yorks.  (c)  ;  living  gth  Jan.,  1776 

(a)  ;  died  in  London  i6th  Dec, 

1776  (g)  (/;)  ;  buried  at  Shotley 

19th  Jan.,  1777  (^)  ;  will  dated 

gth  August,  1774  (3)  ;  died  s.fi. 


I 
George  Hopper,bapt. 
29th  Dec,  1702  (^); 
died  30th  March, 
1725,  aged  23,  and 
was  buried  in  the 
church  of  Barnard 
Castle,  where  there 
is  a  remarkable 
monument  to  his 
memory  (£*). 


Joseph  Hopper, baptised  6lh  Sept., 
1709  (^) ;  tenant  of  Marwood, 
near  Barnard  Castle  (c)  ;  suc- 
ceeded to  Black  Hedley  and  lands 
in  .MIendale,  Wolf-cleugh,  and 
Red  Barn  on  the  death  of  his 
brother  John  (a)  ;  died  i8th 
October,  1795,  aged  86  (/)(.;:)  ; 
will  dated  26th  November,  1785, 
proved  1798  (a). 


:  Mary, 
daughter 
of 

Walton  of 
Tynehead 
(f);  bur. 
13th  Dec, 
1782  (^). 


Hodgson  Hopper,  bapt.  6th  Mar., 
1717/8  (,?)  ;  resided  at  Scartop, 
in  Bishopdale  (c)  ;  took  Raydale 
and  other  lands  in  Yoikshire 
under  the  will  of  his  brother 
John  (a)  ;  living  1775  ;  buried 
at  Askrigg  (c). 


I 
Humphrey  Hopper,  baptised  i6th 
November,  1722  (^^);  'a  captain 
in  General  Leighton's  regiment 
of  Grenadiers  (c),  32nd  Foot  ; 
died  unmarried  at  St.  Vincent, 
West  Indies,  loth  August, 
1765,  aged  43  (/). 


I      I      I 

Mary,  baptised  6th  March,  1697/8  (^)  ;  married 
30th  April,  1718,  John  Hail  of  Butsfield  (c)  (g); 
named  in  the  will  of  her  brother  John  (a). 

Anne,  baptised  15th  November,  1705  (g)  ;  married 
Cuthbert  Hopper  of  Summerfield  (t). 

Martha,  baptised  3rd  September,  1713  (^)  ;  mar- 
ried John  Langhorn,  clerk  in  orders  (c)  ;  named 
in  the  will  of  her  brother  John  (a). 


Nicholas  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  son 
and  heir,  'an  eminent  agricultural- 
ist' ;  died  2nd  P'ebruary,  1807  (/), 
from  the  effects  of  a  fall  from  his 
horse,  aged  69,  s.p. ;  buried  5th 
February,  1807  (^)  ;  will  dated  :6th 
October,  1802  ;  proved  at  Durham 
1st  August,  1807  (a). 


I 
Joseph  Hopper, master 
and  mariner, capt.  of 
the  ship  '  Formosa'; 
living  30th  July, 
18 16  ;  died  unmar- 
ried (c)  ;  buried  Sth 
July,  1821,  aged 
79  («)  (^^)- 


George  Hopper,  succeeded 
to  Black  Hedley  under 
the  will  of  his  brother 
Nicholas ;  died  unmar. 
24th  Jan.,  18 18,  aged  62 
(0  (/)  i?)  ;  will  dated 
30th  July,  1816;  proved 
7th  March,  1818  (a). 


I 
Jane,  married  30th 
May,  1758  (.?), 
Robert  VV^ard  of 
Gingleshaugh  (c) 
(g)  ]  liv.  at  Black 
Hedley  a  widow 
in  1S16. 

-I- 


Mary,  married  nth  Feb.,  1771,  George  Burnett  of 
Ovington  (c)  (^),  whose  son,  Nicholas  Burnett, 
succeeded  to  Black  Hedley  at  the  death  of 
his  uncle,  George  Hopper  ;  buried  at  Ovingham 
30th  March,  1836,  aged  87  (a)  ;  will  dated  25th 
July,  1 83 1  (a). 


Anne,  married   l6th  April   1798,  Surtees   Jopling  of  the  parish  of 

Shotley  (jc)  ;  living  26th  October,  1802  (a). 
Martha,    married    17th    December,    17S7,    John    Forster    of   Bishop 

Auckland  (^g),  afterwards  of  Whitehaven  ;    living  26th  October, 

1802  (a);    buried  at  St.  Bees  gth  November,  1841,  aged  88   (c) 

(a)  ;  will  dated  12th  July,  1S25  (a).  4, 


*  In  a  document,  dated  1655,  entitled  the  '  Petition  of  Humphrey  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,'  unfortunately  destroyed 
in  a  fire  in  Mr.  George  Burnett's  house,  in  1896,  this  Humphrey  Hopper  is  described  as  son  of  John  Hopper,  nephew  of 
Cuthbert  and  Humphrey  Hopper,  and  grandson  of  Nicholas  Hopper,  all  of  Black  Hedley. 


(a)  Mr.  J.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds. 

(/^)   Durham  Probate  Registry, 

(c)   Mr.  G.  J.  M.  Burnett's '/"awn/y  Papers. 

(rf)  Gentleman  s  Magazine,  February,  1807. 


(<■)    M.I.  Barnard  Castle.     Surtees  Durham,  vol.  iv.  pt.  i.  p.  83. 

(/)  M.I.  Shotley. 

(^)  Shotley  Register. 

(_h")  Gentleman's  .Magazine,  1777,  p.  47. 


The  small  hamlet  of  Greenhead  was  the  birthplace  of  the  only  sculptor 
of  any  note  which  Northumberland  has  produce.d.  The  son  of  a  blacksmith, 
John  Graham  Lough  was  born  in  January,  1798/  Having  attracted  the 
notice  of  Mr.  Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  who  encouraged  his  boyish  efforts 
in  modelling  clay  figures,  he  was  apprenticed  to  a  stone-mason  at  Shotley- 
field,  and  when  out  of  his  time  worked  in  the  year  1823  at  the  building  of 

'  His  father  William  Lough  was  a  native  of  Ayclifif,  county  Durham,  and  his  mother  Barbara 
Clementson  a  native  of  Dalton  in  Hexhamshire  :  he  was  their  tliird  son  and  was  baptized  at  Shotley 
31st  December,  1798.     Cf.  Shotley  Rigistcr. 


VOL.  VI. 


38 


2g8  THE    PARISH    01^   RYWEI.t.    ST.    ANDREW. 

the  library  of  the  Literary  and  Philosophical  Society  of  Newcastle.  Shortly 
afterwards  he  proceeded  to  London,  where  he  e.xhibited  a  bas-relief  at  the 
Royal  Academy  in  1826,  and  in  the  following  year  found  himself  famous. 
His  work  is  well  known  in  the  north  of  England,  and  full-sized  plaster 
models  of  nearly  all  his  works  are  at  Elswick-hall,  Newcastle  ;  other 
examples  of  his  finished  work  may  be  seen  at  the  Free  Library  of 
that  town,  and  his  statue  of  Lord  Collingwood  is  at  Tynemouth.  An 
admirable  sketch  of  his  life '  may  be  found  in  Mr.  Richard  Welford's 
Men   of  Mark. 

At  the  elections  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1734,  1748,  and  1774, 
Cuthbert  Hopper  of  Summerfield"  voted  in  respect  of  lands  at  that  place, ^ 
and  he  obtained  an  allotment  of  100  acres  in  respect  of  his  lands  there  on  the 
enclosure  of  Bolbec  common.  He  was  residing  at  Summerfield-house  in 
1758,*  when  he  made  the  will  in  favour  of  John  Hunter  of  Medomsley  which 
was  upset  at  the  Northumberland  assizes  in  1781,  by  Thomas  Haswell, 
the  heir-at-law.*  Subsequently  Summerfield  was  conveyed  by  Haswell  to 
Mr.  Hunter"  for  a  competent  sum  of  money,  and  now  belongs  to  his 
representative,  the  Rev.  James  Allgood  of  Nunwick,  from  whom  another 
farm,  bearing  the  singular  name  of  Bullions,  has  recently  been  purchased 
by  Mr.  John  Drummond. 

Adjoining  Summerfield  is  the  farmhold  of  Durham-field,  which  in  1608 
was  held  by  Robert  Redshaw,  whose  name  appears  as  owner  in  1663,  when 
he  was  assessed  at  £12  per  annum.  In  1710,  Cuthbert  Redshaw,  and  in 
1748,  Cockerell  Redshaw,  then  residing  at  High  Shipley,  voted  at  the 
elections  of  knights  of  the  shire  for  lands  at  Durham-field.'  The  place  must 
have  been  sold  very  soon  after,  for  on  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common,  an 
allotment  of  351  acres  was  made  to  Robert  Vazie  for  the  right  of  common  of 
pasture  appurtenant  to  his  lands  at  Durham-field.  It  now  belongs  to 
Messrs.  Taylor. 

'  Lough  died  in  London,  Stli  April,  1876. 

-  22  Aug.,  1710.  Will  of  Thomas  Hopper  of  Hole  Raw,  gent.  I  give  my  freehold  estate  'called  by 
the  name  of  Summerfield,  now  late  divided,  situate  and  lying  at  or  nigh  Black  Hedley,'  to  my  son 
Cuthbert  Hopper,  and  also  the  farmholds,  etc.,  called  Uplands,  Newclose,  and  Beawes  in  the  township 
of  Cireat  Burdon  m  the  parish  of  Haughton,  held  by  lease  from  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Durham.  My 
wife  Hannah  £s  per  annum.  My  nephew  Thomas  Haswell  of  Chester-le-street,  his  brother  Ralph,  and 
his  sisters  Hannah  and  Elizabeth  Haswell.     Pr.  1728.     Durham  Probate  Registry.  ■■<  p^n  ijuuks. 

'  1780,  May,  died  at  Summerfield,  Cuthbert  Hopper,  esq.     Gcnt.'s  Mug.,  1780,  p.  298. 

'  Mr.  J.  W.  Walton-Wilson's  deeds.  '  Ibid.  '  Poll  Book. 


SHOTLEY  LOW  QUARTER.  299 

On  the  1 2th  April,  1566,  Eddysbridge  and  Durham-field  were  granted 
by  Charles,  earl  of  Westmorland,  to  his  tenant  Humphrey  Hopper  on  a 
lease  of  41  years.'  Hopper  was  then  a  man  between  fifty  and  sixty  years 
of  age,"  and  about  1575  lost  his  eldest  son  under  somewhat  peculiar 
circumstances.  The  son,  whose  name  was  Thomas,  was  born  at 
Eddysbridge,  but  had  gone  to  reside  at  Medomsley  on  his  marriage  with 
Agnes,'  sister  of  Humphrey  Rainton  of  Burnhopeside.  Soon  after  his 
marriage  Thomas  fell  ill,  and  being  '  soore  visityd  in  his  siknes,'  the 
neighbours  were  called  in  to  hear  what  he  '  wold  say  '  concerning  his  last  will. 
They  found  him  '  Iving  sick  upon  a  cowch  by  the  fier-syde,'  with  a  sheet 
about  his  head,  which,  as  he  kept  pulling  it  off,  was  replaced  by  his  father, 
who  would  say,  '  Peise,  bully,  thinke  of  the  passion  of  Christ.'  His  father, 
addressing  him,  said,  '  My  barne,  wheras  I  gave  the  my  lande,  wilt  not 
thou  gyve  the  same  to  me  freely  again  ? '  and  placed  '  the  deids  of  the 
lands '  in  his  hands.  Thomas  answered,  '  Ye,  father,  I  am  content,'  and  did 
give  him  the  said  writings  again.  The  father  continued,  '  Wilt  thou  make 
me  and  the  barne  within  thi  wyfe's  sydes  thi  executors?'  and  Thomas  again 
answered  '  yee.'     The  testator  died  that  night.'' 

Humphrey  Hopper  had  a  younger  son  Roger,  apparently  a  tanner,^ 
but  was  succeeded  at  Eddysbridge  and  Durham-field  by  John  Hopper, 
possibly  the  posthumous  son  of  Thomas,  whose  untimely  death  has  been 
related,  whose  name,  with  that  of  Robert  Redshaw,  appears  in  the  survey 
of  1608.°  In  1663  Robert  Redshaw  was  rated  for  lands  at  Durham-field, 
but  Eddysbridge  at  that  time  belonged  to  John  Iley  and  Robert  Taylor.' 
Eddysbridge,  after  being  held  by  the  family  of  Clavering  of  Axwell  for 
some  generations,  has  recently  been  purchased  by  Mr.  W.  Mackay. 

A  new  bridge  over  the  Derwent  has  recently  been  erected  at 
Eddvsbridge.* 

Sir  Arthur  Middleton's  Derwentside  estate  represents,  in  part,  the  lands 
given    to    his    ancestor    William    de    Middleton    about    the    middle    of    the 

'  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey. 

-  Durham  Depositions  and  Ecclesiastical  Proceedings,  Raine,  p.  Ii6.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  21. 
''Agnes,   widow   and    administratrix   of  Thomas   Hopper,   married   Robert  Smith  of  Benfieldside, 
yeoman,  and  was  living  August  3rd,  1579.     E.x  Bell  MSS.     Arch.  Ael.  new  series,  vol.  i.  p.  35. 
'  Durham  Depositions  and  Ecclesiastical  Proceedings,  Raine,  pp.  265-276.       Surt.  Soc.  No.  21. 
'  Ibid. 

°  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey.  '  Book  0/  Rates  ;   Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  292. 

°  The  bridge  was  opened  July  2nd,  1901. 


300  TlIK    TARISH    OF    RYWET.I,    ST.    .\NI)RI-;\V. 

thirteenth  cemurv  by  Walter  de  Huntercomb.  The  lands  comprised  in 
the  grant  are  described  as  all  the  said  Walter's  lands  in  Shotley,  Black 
Hedley,  Allersete  and  Bolbec'  The  lands  so  granted  are  more  particularly 
described  in  an  inquisition  taken  at  Newcastle  on  November  9th,  13 18, 
after  the  rebellion  of  Sir  John  de  Middlcton,  knight,  as  being  at  Shotley, 
Black  Hedley,  Holes,  '  Crukedehake,'  Newbiggin  and  Shilford.  They  are 
described  as  held  of  John  de  Lancaster,  lord  of  Styford,  by  homage  and 
the  payment  of  6d.  per  annum.  Sir  John  de  Middleton,  by  a  charter 
mentioned  in  the  inquisition  and  dated  January  25th,  13 16/7,  gave  the 
above-named  hamlets  to  his  daughter  Joan  on  her  marriage  with  Sir  John 
de  Felton."  Subsequently  they  reverted  to  the  Middleton  family,  and  in 
the  inquisition  taken  at  Morpeth  on  November  8th,  1396,  after  the  death 
of  Sir  John  de  Middleton,  knight,  it  was  stated  that  he  died  seised  of  a 
tenement  called  Crokydake  worth  los.  a  year,  a  tenement  in  White-leche 
worth  4od.  a  year,  three  tenements  called  the  Hole-rawe  worth  13s.  4d. 
a  year,  besides  lands  at  Newbiggin,  Sperydon,  Newton,  Shilford,  etc.'' 
His  wife  Christina,  who  had  a  joint  interest  in  the  estate,  survived  her 
husband  until  loth  March,  1422.'  Some  time  before  her  death  she  granted, 
by  charter,  '  two  husband  lands  in  Neubiggyng  by  Blanchland  by  name  of 
all  her  possessions  in  the  vills  of  Cramlyngton,  Croketake,  Newbiggyng 
and  else  where,  near  or  on  the  water  of  Derwent  within  the  parish  of 
Shotley,'  to  trustees  for  her  son  John  de  Middleton  and  Isabel  his  wife, 
daughter  of  Roger  Thornton  of  Newcastle.'* 

On  September  28th,  1552,  Robert  Middleton  of  Belsay  granted  to 
Edward,  son  of  Roger  Hopper,  a  farmhold  at  Cruktake"  'with  all  the 
appurtenances,  commodities,  implements  and  proffittes  unto  the  said  farmold 
belonging,'  to  hold  for  the  term  of  twenty-one  years  at  the  yearly  rent  of 
26s.  8d.  The  lessor  covenanted  to  give  the  tenant  sufficient  '  husbuit  and 
hayuebuit.'^  A  similar  lease  of  the  same  date  was  granted  by  Robert 
Middleton    to    Roger    Hopper    of   '  one    parcell   of  ground    callyd    Wester 

'  Assize  Rolls,  16  Edw.  I.  (Duke  of  Northumberland's  Transcript,  p.  270). 
^  Inq.  ad  quod  damnum,  12  Edw.  II.  No.  121. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  of  John  Middleton,  20  Ric.  II.  No.  37.     Cf.  Hodgson,  Northumhirlitnd,  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  354. 
*  Inq.  p.m.  Christinae  uxoris  Johannis  de  Middelton,  9  Hen.  V.  No.  54. 
'  This  inarriage  is  proved  by  Inq.  p.m.  9  Hen.  V.  No.  54. 

'  The  very  remarkable  formation  at  Crooked-oak,  where  the  Derwent  makes  a  sharp  turn  round  the 
high  rock,  called  the  Sneap,  has  already  been  mentioned  on  page  2.  ■  sir  Arthur  Middleton's  deeds. 


SHOTI.EY    LOW    QUARTER.  :^OI 

Wallege  of  one  marke  rent  as  it  lyeth  in  tlie  said  Wester  Wallege 
bundrying  of  the  Cruktake  on  the  west  syd  and  the  Ester  Wallage  on 
the  est  portion  and  Mngglesworthe  parke  on  the  southe  portion  and  the 
erle  of  Westmorland  on  the  north  syde,'  with  '  husbuit  and  hauebuit.' ' 

In  a  settlement  of  his  estates  made  by  Robert  Middleton  of  Belsay, 
dated  March  4th,  1582/3,  for  the  'establishment  of  the  said  lands  in  his 
name  and  blood,'  the  Dervventside  lands  are  described  as  comprising 
'Croked-oke,  rhe  two  Walliges,  the  two  Mosforthes,  the  Hole-rawe, 
Orchard-hyll,  a  water  mylne,  a  parcel  of  ground  called  Yole-lande  in 
Crokede-oke,  200  acres  of  land,  60  acres  of  meadow,  100  acres  of  pasture, 
70  acres  of  wood,  and  200  acres  of  moor  and  turbary." 

The  Yoleland,  named  in  the  settlement  of  1583  and  mentioned  under 
the  form  of  Yowleslande  in  an  inquisition  taken  at  Morpeth  on  March 
26th,  1 59 1,'  after  the  death  of  Robert  Middleton,  seems  to  be  represented 
by  what  is  now  called  Allensford-mill.  The  places  enumerated  in  a  fme 
passed  in  Hilary  term,  1654,  are  Crooked-oke,  alias  Crooked-dall,  Wallages, 
Mosford,  Little-rawe  and  Orchard-hill.'' 

On  June  30th,  1670,  Sir  William  Middleton  took  a  conveyance"  from 
Roger  Blakeston  and  others  of  the  grange  or  hamlet  called  Pansheels, 
alias  Paynsheels,''  which  place  is  enumerated  with  Crookt-oake,  alias 
Crookdale,  Wallis-walls,  alias  Wallages,  the  Whole-rawe,  alias  the  Little- 
rawe,  the  Orchard-field,  alias  the  Orchard-hill,  a  messuage  and  pasture  in 
Shotley,  Mossford,  Allansford-milne,  and  the  house  called  Iron-forge,  for 
the  making  and  working  of  iron,  in  a  deed  dated  June  9th,  1673.'  The 
rental  of  Sir  John  Middleton's  Derwentside  estate  in  1692  was  ^172  per 
annum.*  The  blast  furnace  and  forge  were  occupied  before  the  year 
1 69 1  by  a  person  named  Davison,  who  was  succeeded  in  1692  by  Dennis 
Hayford''  and  partners.  The  rent  was  £^0  per  annum."  The  iron  forge 
called  Allensford  forge,  with  two  acres  of  ground  called  Gills-haugh  and 
a  meadow  close  called  Sissehaugh,  were  conveyed  in  171 3  to  Nicholas 
Fenwick  of  Newcastle.'^  On  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common,  Sir  John 
Middleton  received  an  allotment,  in  two  parcels,  of  526  acres  of  land  in 
lieu  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  his  farms  at  Hole-raw,  Orchard- 

'  Sir  Arthur  Middleton's  deeds.         '  Ihhi.        '  Ibicl.        '  Ihid.        ■'  Mr.  J.  \V.  Walton- Wilson's  deeds. 
"Sir  William    Middleton   conveyed   Panshields   to   Thomas    Hunter  of   Medomsley;    the   deed    is 
dated  September  13th,  1677.     Ibid.  '  Sir  Arthur  Middleton's  MSS.  'Ibid. 

°  Mr.  Dennis  Hayford  died  about  1732.     Cf.  Newcastle  Coin-ant,  27th  May,  1732. 
'"  Sir  Arthur  Middleton's  MSS.  "  Ibid. 


302  THK    PARISH    OF    nVWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

field,  Crooked-oak,  Wallish-walls,  and  Mosswood.  The  lirsl  allolmciU  of 
258  acres  was  adjacent  to  the  farms ;  the  other  allotment  of  267  acres 
forms  the  farm  now  called  Barhnv,  or  Rarkvhill.  The  estate  also  produced 
a  revenue  from  the  sale  of  timber,  the  receipts  under  this  head  for  1752 
and  1753  being  ;^i,458,  while  from  1807  to  1816  the  sum  of  £1,827  was 
received.'  Corf  and  chisel  rods  were  also  sold.  Sir  Arthur  Middleton's 
estate  in  1891  comprised  1,189  'ic-res,  and,  in  addition  to  the  prolit  of  the 
woods,  produced  ;^793  per  annum,  out  of  which  he  paid  the  tithes." 

The  bridge  at  Allensford,  which  provides  one  of  the  chief  passes  from 
this  part  of  the  county  into  the  county  of  Durham,  is  surrounded  by  some 
of  the  most  romantic  scenery  on  the  beautiful  water  of  Derwent.'  This 
place  is  asserted  to  be  that  referred  to  by  Sir  Walter  Scott  in  his  poem 
on  Rokeby  in  the  lines  beginning 

And  when  he  taxed  thy  hreacli  of  word 
To  yon  fail'  Rose  of  Allenford, 
I  saw  thee  crovich  hke  chastened  hound, 
Whose  back  the  huntsman's  lash  hath  found.' 

The  mill  at  Allensford  is  stated  to  have  belonged  to  John  Usher  in  1663, 
who  may,  however,  have  been  the  tenant,  for  the  estate  has  long  been  in  the 
possession  of  the  family  of  the  present  owner,  Sir  Arthur  Middleton,  bart. 

Although  the  Shotley  Bridge''  sword  mill  was  situated  in  the  township 
of  Benfieldside,"  in  the  county  of  Durham,  a  few  words  may  be  said  about  an 
industry,  founded  about  the  time  of  William  and  Mary,  by  the  Wopers, 
Mohls  (corrupted  into  Mole),  Oleys,  and  other  refugees  from  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Solingen  and  Cologne,  who  found  the  sequestered  vale  of  Shotley 
as  suitable  for  the  exercise  of  their  craft  as  the  w'ater  of  the  Derwent  was 
for  the  tempering  of  their  sword  blades.^ 

'  .Sir  Arthur  Middleton's  MSS.  Corf-rods  were  hazel  rods,  from  half  an  inch  to  one  inch  in  thickness, 
used  for  making  corves,  or  baskets,  by  which  coals  were  lifted  from  the  coal  pits.  The  smaller  hazel  rods 
were  used  by  blacksmiths,  by  whom  they  were  twisted  in  such  a  manner  as  to  hold  their  hot  chisels, 
hence  they  were  called  chisel-rods.  In  1773,  960  bunches  of  corf  rods  were  sold,  at  5d.  a  bunch,  for  ^20. 
In  1829,  1054  bunches  of  corf-rods  were  sold,  at  gd.  a  bunch,  for  ^39  i6s. 

-  Ex  inf.  Sir  Arthur  Middleton.     ''  Cf.  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  347.      '  Scott,  Rokeby,  canto  iii.  sec.  xx. 

''  Immediately  above  the  bridge  there  is  a  ledge  of  millstone  grit  over  which  the  river  dashes.  The 
holes  from  which  the  stone  used  to  be  wrought  may  be  seen  between  the  bridge  and  the  paper  mills. 
Cf.  Neshani,  North  Country  Sketches,  p.  284.  '  Cf.  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  294. 

'  The  Oleys  were  sword  makers,  and  the  Mohls  sword  grinders.  Cf.  Joshua  Lax,  Historical  Poems  : 
Durham,  1884,  page  19. 

To  be  sold,  a  sword-grinding  mill,  with  about  8  acres  of  ground,  a  very  good  head  of  water,  situate 
on  Darwent  water  in  the  county  of  Durham;  also  a  very  good  house,  etc.,  all  now  in  the  possession  of 
Mr.  William  Mohll  at  Shotley  Bridge,  who  will  treat  with  any  about  the  same.  Neiirastle  Courant, 
1 6th  May,  1724. 


SHOTLEY    LOW    QUARTER. 


J)^J 


At  Christmas,  1703,  a  Dutch  vessel,  the  St.  Anne,  arrived  in  the  Tyne 
from  Rotterdam,  and  was  boarded  by  the  customs  house  officers,  who  found 
therein  some  cases  of  arms,  and  alleged  that  other  cases  had  been  thrown 
overboard.  The  arms  seized  were  found  to  be  forty-five  bundles  of  sword 
blades  and  one  bundle  of  hangers,  and  to  be  the  property  of  Hermon 
Mohl,  who  was  arrested  and  committed  to  Morpeth  gaol  in  spite  of  his 
sworn  declaration  that  the  goods  were  not  contraband,  but  '  were  made  in 
Solingan  in  High  Germany,  and  yt  he  brought  ym  hither  in  order  to  carry 
ym  to  Shotley  Bridge  to  dispose  of  ym  there.'  The  affair  was  reported  to 
the  Secretary  of  State,  for  there  were  strong  suspicions  that  they  were 
brought  over  at  the  '  instigation  of  some  known  friends  of  the  Stuart  family 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Newcastle.'  Fortunately  Mohl  was  able  to 
produce  credible  witnesses  of  his  identity  and  respectability,  one  of  whom, 
Hendry  Wopper  of  Shotley  Bridge,  a  sword-maker  by  trade,  deposed 
that  for  fifteen  years  past  Mohl  and  he  had  '  wrought  together  for  the 
Sword-blade  Company  att  Shotley  Bridge,'  which  works  '  about  twelve 
months  since  being  discontinued,  the  said  Harmon  Mohll  went  into 
Germany,  his  native  country,  but  the  said  works  being  sett  on  again  about 
Lammas  last,  this  deponent  knows  that  the  said  Harmon  Mohll  was  writt  to, 
to  return  from  Germany  into  England  by  persons  concerned  in  ye  said 
company  of  sword-blade  makers  att  Shotley  Bridge  in  order  to  work  there 
as  he  formerly  had  done.'  The  prisoner  was  released  by  the  court  on  bail, 
but  the  sessions  records  do  not  show  how  the  matter  was  finally  disposed 
of;  Mohl  ultimately  went  to  and  died  at  Shotley  Bridge,  being  buried 
December  6th,  17 16.' 

Joseph  Oley,  'the  last  of  the  sword  makers,'  died  at  Shotley  Bridge  in 
1896.  The  registers  of  Medomsley  and  Shotley  contain  numerous  entries  of 
a  genealogical  nature  relating  to  these  industrious  settlers,  and  some  of  the 
German  inscriptions  which  were  cut  upon  the  door  heads  of  their  houses 
have  been  preserved.^ 

'  Dickson,  Extracts  from  the  Sessions  Records. 

-  DES  .  HERREN  .  SEGEN  .  MACHET  .  |  REICH  .  OHN  .  ALLE  .  SORG  .  WAN  .  |  DV  .  ZVGLEICH  .  IN  .  DEINEM  .  | 
STAMD.  TREVW.  VNU.  FLEISIG.  |  BIST  .  VND  .  DVEST  .  WAS  .  DIR  .   |  I'.EFOHLEN  .  |  1ST 169I.  ] 

DEVSTCHLAND VER    |    VATTERLAND    S ST     |     DIE    STADT    GE |     HEER 

BEHVT I   VND  EINCJAN \       Cf.  Ryan,  Shotley  Spa,  pp.  107,  108. 

The  second  inscription,  when  perfect,  m.iy  have  read  :  '  Deutschland  ist  iinsuer  Vaterland,  Solingen 
ist  die  stadt  geheisst.     Der  Hear  behiite  deinen  Ausgang  und  Eingang.'     Psalm  cxxi.  8. 


304 


THE    PARISH    OF    HYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 


The    Church. 

The  chapt-l  of  St.  Andrew '  of  Shotley  is  situated  on  the  northern 
boundary  of  the  township  of  Shotley  Low  Ouarter,  about  three  miles  distant 
from  Shotley-bridge.  It  stands  upon  the  Grey  Mare  hill,  960  feet  above 
sea-level,  ordnance  datum,  on  a  bleak,  unsheltered  spot,  with  a  very 
extensive  prospect  in  every  direction. 


kP"-' 


[,17  1 

Shotley  Church,  Jui.v  3Kr>,  1S82.- 

As  has  been  already  stated,  the  abbey  of  Blanchland  was  endowed  in 
1 165  by  its  founder,  Walter  de  Bolbec,  with  the  church  of  Bywell  St. 
Andrew,  and  its  three  chapels  of  Shotley,  Styford,  and  Apperley.  Of 
the  structure  at  that  time  existing,  or  of  a  building  erected  soon  afterwards, 
there  remains  a  single  capital,  now  preserved  at  Shotley-hall.^  With  the 
abbot  and  convent  of  Blanchland  the  parishioners  of  Shotley  were  not 
always  on  amicable  terms,  for  there  was  a  suit   between   them   in    1417  in 


'  Cf.  Ecton,  rhcsaunts  (cd.  1742),  p.  759.  -  From  a  di-.iwing  by  Mr.  Robert  IJlair. 

"  Thi5  stone  is  now  placed  in  Mr.  Walton-Wilson's  conscr\atury. 


SHOTLEV    CHURCH.  305 

the  ecclesiastical  court  at  York.'  On  April  iith,  1549,  the  chapel  of 
Shotley,  with  all  the  lands  and  buildings  thereto  belonging,  and  the 
tithes  of  Unthank,  Shotley-field,  Waskerley,  '  Paunchell,'  Shotley-bridge, 
Snods,  Mossford,  '  Crokedale,'  Durham-field,  Black-hedley,  Birkenside, 
Eddysbridge,  Acton,  Cowbyres,  Nevvbiggin,  '  Burshell-haugh,'  and  Emley, 
were  granted  to  Sir  Thomas  Gargrave,  knight,  of  North  Emsall,  York- 
shire, and  to  William  Adams,  junior,  on  the  payment  of  a  competent 
sum  of  money."  In  16 14,  Claudius  Forster  demised  a  moiety  of  the 
chapel  and  all  the  tithes  and  oblations  vearly  renewing  in  Shotley-field, 
Shotley-bridge,  Newbiggin,  etc.,  to  George  Fenwick  for  the  period  of 
fifty  years  at  the  yearly  rent  of  2d.'  The  advowson  now  belongs  to 
Lord  Crewe's  trustees,  who  also  possess  the  great  tithes. 

The  chapel  was  originally  a  structure  '  in  length  about  sixteen  yards, 
to  four  or  five  yards  in  breadth  within  the  walls,  the  chancel  being  one 
foot  or  more  narrower  than  the  body  of  the  chapell.'' 

In  1680,  the  churchwardens  stated  that  their  church  was 

'all  out  of  repair,  our  bells  broken;  a  font  of  stone  we  have,  but  broken;  we  have  no  sentences  of 
scripture;  an  almes  box  we  want,  and  a  chest  with  three  locks;  wee  have  neither  a  reading  nor  letany 
deske  ;  we  have  no  pulpit-cloath  nor  cushion ;  we  have  no  book  of  cannons  nor  homilies,  nor  register  for 
christning,  marrying,  or  burying,  nor  tables  of  the  degrees  of  marriage  prohibited.' 

Two  years  later  some  of  these  defects  seem  to  have  been  remedied,  but 
other  complaints  are  made  : 

'we  want  a  Bible,  a  register  booke,  a  bier,  and  a  black  cloth;  our  churchyard  walls  are  much  out  of 
repaire ;  the  house  belonging  to  our  parson  was  burnt  down  in  the  late  incumbent's  days,  and  as  yet 
unrebuilt.'  ■■ 

About  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century  '  the  increase  of  the 
parishioners  in  number,  and  the  vicinity  of  some  distant  parts  of  adjoyning 
parishes '  making  '  the  concourse  of  devout  persons  troublesome  to  the 
congregation,'  Humphrey  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  a  neighbouring  land- 
owner and  'constant  inhabitant  within  the  said  chapelry,'  obtained  a  grant 
of  ;^20  from  Lord  Crewe's  trustees  to  be  expended  in  enlarging  the  chapel. 
In  building  the   new  porch   or  north  transept,  Hopper  came  into   conflict 

'  Canon  Raine's  notes  from  the  York  Records.  "  Pat.  Rolls,  3  Edw.  VI.  pt.  i. 

"  Inq.  p.m.  of  Nicholas  Forster,  13  Chas.  I.     GrecuKnch  Hospital  Papers. 

'  Hunter  MSS.;  cf.  Randal,  State  of  the  Churches. 

^  The  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection  ;   Bywell  Guard  Book. 

Vol.  VI.  39 


306  THE    PARISH    OI'    HYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

with   Christopher    Hunter,    the   antiquary,    the    proprietor    of  the   adjoining 
estate  of  Unthank,  who  writes : 

'In  promoting  this  work,  the  said  Mr.  llojiper  has  destroyed  no  small  parts  of  my  tenants'  cropps 
of  standing  corn  by  his  loaded  draughts  in  bringing  timber,  stones,  lime,  mortar,  and  water,  whereby  my 
freehold  is  visibly  injured,  there  being  no  other  passage  or  road  through  the  same  except  for  necessary 
repairs  of  the  said  chappell  and  to  divine  service  in  the  same.  All  this  the  said  Hopper  has  arbitrarily 
acted  without  any  pretence  of  lawful  authority,  or  the  consent  of  the  parishioners  legally  assembled, 
despising  admonitions  offered  to  make  him  sensible  of  his  irregular  proceedings.' 


,^  )  I 


Shotley  was  visited  by  Archdeacon  Singleton  on  October  3rd,  1828, 
who,  after  admiring 

'the  rosy-looking  children  collected  at  their  morning  school,  which  Mr.  Marshall,  the  curate,  attends  in 
the  vestry,'  examined  in  the  graveyard  some  of  the  early  works  of  Lough  the  sculptor  which  had  first 
attracted  the  notice  of  Mr.  Silvertop,  who  in  consequence  became  his  patron.  His  'first  work  is  a 
headstone  for  Chatt,  his  second  for  Gibson,  and  his  third  for  Thompson.'  .  .  .  There  is  an  immense 
structure  in  the  churchyard,  more  conspicuous  than  the  church  itself — a  monument  of  the  Hopper  family, 
built  in  the  year  1752,  something  in  the  taste,  though  far  worse,  than  the  gate  of  Burleigh  and  one  of  the 
gates  of  Caius  College."  Lord  Crewe's  trustees  are  the  patrons,  and  repair  the  chancel.  The  church  is 
a  small  cross,  elongated  at  the  north  end,  with  a  vestry  which  is  used  for  a  school,  the  ceiling  in  the 
centre  of  the  building  is  well  groined,  and  has  the  date  of  1769.  There  is  a  mural  inscription  in 
memory  of  Christopher  Hunter,  M.B.,  of  Medomsley,  a  rare  and  judicious  antiquary  and  physician  ;  also 
a  poor  Latin  inscription  to  a  former  curate,  Mr.  Simpson.  There  is  one  faculty  pew  belonging  to 
Shotley-hall.  The  population  is  450,  the  church  sittings  200.  There  is  a  service  every  Sunday  in  the 
mornings,  except  when  sacrament  is  administered  at  the  neighbouring  chapel  of  Whittonstall,  which 
is    served    by    the    same    minister.      The    sacrament   is    administered   four    times   per    annum,    the 

parish   finding  the  elements The  clerk  is  appointed  by  the  minister,  and  paid  by  the 

cess  and  fees  and  'plough-sixpences'  from  the  High  Quarter;  the  sexton  is  paid  by  the  cess.  They  sing 
the  authorised  versions.  The  average  of  funerals  is  9,  christenings  16,  marriages  5.  Mr.  Maughan  is 
the  incumbent,  but  resides  as  librarian  at  Hamburgh  castle.  He  is  poor,  and  1  fear  his  worthy  and 
respectable  curate,  Mr.  Marshall,  is  poorer,  but  he  faces  his  poverty  with  a  decent  appearance  and 
cheerful  countenance,  and  is  not  devoid  of  scientific  attainments.  The  revenues  of  the  benefice  are  as 
follows:  the  land  near  the  parsonage,  .£12;  Easter  dues,  £4  los.  Land  near  Rothbury'  and  a  recent 
grant  from  the  Bounty  make  up  per  annum  .£125.  There  are  thirty  Catholics  in  the  parish  and  many 
other  dissenters,  but  some  of  the  former  and  most  of  the  latter  come  to  church.  The  communion  cup 
has  a  small  pattern  running  round  the  protuberance  of  the  stand  or  leg.'  '^ 

In  1836,  the  church  having  partly  collapsed  owing  to  pit  w^orkings,  and 
being  remote  from  the  more  populous  parts  of  the  parish,  a  new  church 
dedicated  to  St.  John  was  built  at  the  Snods.  The  old  chapel  or.  as  it  is 
generally  called,  St.  Andrew's  church,  continued  to  be  used  for  burials  and 
occasional   services,   but    having    fallen   into   utter  ruin    it  w^as  rebuilt   and 

'  Ex  Hunter  MSS.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection  ;  Bywell  Guard  Book. 
-  These  three  headstones  still  remain  in  the  graveyard. 

"  By  a  curious  change  of  taste  the  gate  of  Burleigh  and  the  Gate  of  Honour  at  Caius  College  are 
now  held  up  to  admiration.  ^  This  land,  which  was  at  Sandilands,  near  Rothbury,  was  sold  in  1S9S. 

'^  Archdeacon  Singleton's  Minute  Book. 


SHOTLEY    CHURCH. 


307 


reconstructed  on  the  old  lines  in  1892  for  use  as  a  chapel  of  ease.  It  is  a 
low  cruciform  structure  with  nave,  chancel,  and  transepts  of  similar  length. 
On  the  centre  of  the  intersecting  arches  is  the  date  1769,  commemorating 
the  building  of  the  porches  or  transepts.  Two  stones,  upon  each  of  which 
is  a  Maltese  cross,  found  in  the  old  wall,  have  been  built  into  the  outer 
face  of  the  east  wall  of  the  church, 


The  Hoi'I'ek  Monument. 

The  Hopper  monument  mentioned  by  Archdeacon  Singleton  is  a 
very  large,  elaborate  structure,  built  about  the  year  1752  by  Humphrey 
Hopper  of  Black  Hedley.  It  towers  above  and  dwarfs  the  church,  is 
four-square,  and  '  has  four  faces  with  si.x  statues  in  niches,  the  front  railed 
round  ;    and  under  an  arch  in  the   main  building  lie  two  figures,  male  and 


3o8  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

female,  naked  to  the  waist.  Above  the  cornice  on  each  face  are  two 
mourning  figures  bearing  shields,'  etc.  On  the  south  face  are  the  arms  : 
Three  roses  seeded  impaling  a  chevron  between  three  martlets}  Of  the 
two  niched  mitred  statues  on  this  face,  one  holding  a  scroll  and  book 
is  intended  to  commemorate  the  martyred  bishop  Hooper — the  names 
of  Hooper  and  Hopper  are  often  interchanged  here — the  other  figure 
carries  a  scroll.     On  a  panel  there  is  the  following  inscription  : 

'Erected  by  Humfiey  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  in  memory  of  his  wife  Jane  Hodgson,  who  died 
February  29th,  1752,  aged  77.  Humfrey  Hopper,  died  [October  29th]  1760,  aged  83.  John,  his  son, 
died  December  i6lh,  1776,  aged  76.  Joseph,  his  son,  died  October  i8th,  1795,  aged  86.  Mary  Walton, 
wife  of  Joseph  Hopper,  died  [December,  1782].  Humfrey,  captain  32nd  Regiment  Foot,  died  at 
St.  \'incent,  August  loth,  1765,  aged  43.  Nicholas,  son  of  Joseph  Hopper,  died  February  2nd,  1807. 
George  son  of  Joseph  Hopper,  died  January  24th,  1818.  Joseph  Hopper,  captain  of  the  ship 
Formosa  [....].' 

On  the  north  face  is  the  following : 

'Nicholas  Hopper,  living  at  Black  Hedley  in  1575,  had  two  sons,  Cuthbert  and  John,  the  latter 
of  which  had  two  sons,  Humfrey  and  John,  who  was  the  father  of  Humfrey  who  erected  this 
monument.' 

MONUJIENTAL   INSCRIPTIONS. 

In  memory  of  Nicholas  Hopper  Burnett,  son  of  Nicholas  and  Isabella  Burnet  of  Black  Hedley, 
who  died  at  Dundee,  February  23rd,  1848,  aged  23  years. 

Here  lyeth  the  body  of  Thomas  Hopper  of  Somerfeald-house,  who  departed  this  life  January  the 
ninth  day,  1727. 

Here  lyeth  the  body  of  John  Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  who  departed  this  life  December  21st,  1724, 
aged  92.  Humphrey,  son  of  Thomas  Hopper  [of  Shotley-field],  deceased  December  4th  (?),  A.D.  1737, 
aged  2  years.  Ann,  daughter  of  Thomas  Hopper  [of  Shotley-field],  died  January  the  9th,  1755,  aged 
24  years. 

In  memor>'  of  Ann,  infant  daughter  of  William  and  Margaret  Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  who  died 
Sept.  19th,  1773';  Isabel,  daughter  of  William  and  Margaret  Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  died  May  12th, 
1775,  aged  7  years;  John  Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  died  Dec.  4lh,  17S2,  aged  60  years;  William 
Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  died  Sept.  15th,  1S02,  aged  78  years;  George,  son  of  William  and  Margaret 
Hopper,  died  at  Berlianda  in  Spain,  Feb.  13th,  1812,  aged  24  years. 

Here  lye  the  remains  of  Christopher  Hunter,  M.B.,  a  learned  and  judicious  antiquary  and  physician. 
He  was  the  only  child  of  Thomas  Hunter  of  Meadomsley,  gentleman,  by  Margaret,  his  second  wife.  He 
married  Elizabeth,  one  of  the  daughters  and  coheiresses  of  John  Ellrington  of  Aspershields,  esq", 
by  whom  he  had  two  sons  and  a  daughter.  He  died  13th  of  July,  An.  Dom.  1757,  in  the  83  year 
of  his  age. 

Elizabeth,  wife  of  Thomas  Hunter,  died  May  (?)  3rd,  1739-  Here  lyeth  the  body  of  Thomas  Hunter 
of  Birkenside,  who  died  May  21st,  1743,  ^g^d  82.  Anthony  Kirkley  was  buried  March  27th,  1758, 
aged  70.  William  Kirkley  [of  Edisbridge]  was  buried  June  8th,  1771,  aged  81.  Humphrey  Kirkley 
[of  Airey-holme]  was  Inuied  Nov.  12th,  1777,  aged  79.  Barbara  [late  dyer,  of  He.xham],  wife  of 
Humphrey  Kirkley,  was  buried  here  the  8th  day  of  January,  1799,  aged  77. 

'  Argent  three  roses  gules,  for  Hopper,  is  a  Scotch  coat. 


SHOTLEY    CHURCH.  309 

Here  lies  the  body  of  John  Hunter  from  BlacU  Hedley  Woodhouse,  who  departed  this  hfe  April 
loth,  1792,  aged  86.  Also  the  body  of  Ann  Young,  his  sister,  of  the  same  place,  who  died  April  i8th, 
1797,  aged  76. 


My  anvil  and  hammer  lies  declined, 
My  bellows  have  quite  lost  their  wind, 
My  fire's  extinct,  my  forge  decay'd. 
My  vice  is  in  the  dust  all  laid. 


My  coals  is  spent,  my  iron  gone. 
My  nails  are  drove,  my  work  is  done ; 
My  mortal  part  rests  nigh  this  stone. 
My  soul  to  heaven  I  hope  is  gone. 


In  memory  of  the  Rev.  John  Messenger,  incumbent  of  this  parish,  born  August  2nd,  1794,  died 
December  l8th,  1841  ;  of  Sarah,  his  wife,  born  April  1st,  17S5,  died  Sept.  19th,  1858;  and  of  Isabella 
Redpath,  mother  of  the  above-named  and  widow  of  Robert  Redpath,  surgeon,  of  Berwick-upon-Tweed, 
boin  March  3i5t,  1765,  died  30th  Jan.,  1839;  also  Sarah  RediJath  Messenger,  second  daughter  of  the 
above-named  John  and  Sarah  Messenger,  born  January  5th,  1827,  died  at  South  Shields  May  13th,  1869. 

Hie  jacet  quod  mortale  est  de  Rev'"'  Dom"  Thoma  Simpson  qui  hujus  ecclesiae  curam  habuit :  obiit 
die  Aprilis  decimo  tertio  Anno  Dom.  mdcccliv.,  aetatis  xliv.     Spe  beatae  resurrectionis. 

To  the  memory  of  Sophia  Emily,  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Constantia  Walker  of  Shotley-hall,  who 
departed  this  life  Jan.  19th,  1827,  aged  5  years. 

HERE  .  I.YETH  .  THE  .  BODY  .  OF  .  M WIFE  .  OF  .  WILLIAM  .  [OXLEY],  .  WHO  .  DEPARTED  . 

THIS  .  LIFE  .  [JULY  .]  THE  .  XXX  .  ANNO  .  DOMINI  .  I72O. 


MiNISIER.S   OF   SHOTLEY    CHAPEL. 

1577  (cirfti).     William  Slrother,'  a  Scotsman,  did  not  appear  at  the  visitation,  igth  Jan.,  1578/9;'-  curate 

of  Medomslcy,  1564;  'defunct'  before  10th  June,  1583.'' 
'579-     William  Watson,  previously  curate  of  .Simondburn.' 
1583  {circa).     John  Smitli,'  appeared  at  the  visitation,  20th  Jan.,  1584.^ 
161  r.     Christopher  Pinkney,'  also  curate  of  VVhittonstall. 
1617.     Thomas  Beattie.'  " 
1634.     James  Haytley." 
1661.     '  Halele  Scotus.' ' 
1671.     Matthias   Wrightson,'   probably  a   son   or  kinsman   of  Matthias  Wrightson  who  was   curate  of 

Ebchester  in  1626. 
Reginald  .Steadman,  after  the  cession  of  Wrightson ;'  curate  of  Ebchester,  1680.     Married,  20th 

July,  16S4,  Margaret  Smith,"  and  was  buried  at  Ebchester,  loth  May,  1703. 
1703.     Christopher  Smith,  M.A.,  after  the  death  of  Stedman;'  polled  at  the  elections  of  knights  of  the 

shire  in  1710,  1715  ;  curate  of  Muggleswick,  also  rector  of  Edmundbyers  where  he  is  buried. 
1735-     Francis  Hunter,  M.A.,  after  the  death  of  Smith  ;'  son  of  John  Hunter  of  Medomsley  ;  of  Lincoln 

Coll.,  Oxon. ;    matric.  1721,  aged   18;    B..A.  1725,   M.A.   1727;   curate  of  Muggleswick,  also 

rector  of  Edmundbyers  where  he  is  buried. 

'  Randal,  State  of  tlic  Cltiirclus.  -  Ecc.  Proc.  of  Dp.  Barnes,  Raine,  p.  93.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  22. 

^  Durham  Episcopal  Register.     The  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection. 

'  Ecc.  Proc.  of  Bp.  Barnes,  Raine,  p.  123.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  22. 

^  1707.  Mr.  Thomas  Jones  and  Mrs.  Margaret  Stedman,  widow  of  Mr.  Reginald  Stedman, 
minister  of  Ebchester.     Hexham  Register. 

"  162 1,  August  25th.  Thomas  Beattie,  clerk,  curate  of  Shotley,  aged  36  years,  deposed  :  '  One  day 
about  Christmas  last,  this  examinate  being  going  home  from  church,  where  he  had  been  reading  prayers, 
and  Robert  Taler,  parish  clerk,  being  in  company  with  him,  related  unto  examinate  how  he  had  heretofore 
borne,  and  did  bear,  a  good  will  and  affection  to  Elizabeth  Hopper  and  she  to  have  in  marriage,  and 
they  had  plighted  their  faith  and  troth  th'  one  to  ih'  other;  and  examinate  asked  him  whether  he  had 
obtained  her  father's  consent  or  no,  and  he  answered  that  he  had  not,  but  hoped  to  obtain  it.  And  that 
upon  20th  .April  last,  and  after  that,  Cuthbert  Hopper  had  commenced  suit  in  this  court  against  the  said 
Elizabeth,  examinate  being  entreated  by  Rjbert    Taler  to  accompany  him  unto  John  Hopper's  house  to 


310  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

1743.     Matthew  Whitaker,  B.A.,  after  the  death  of  Ihinter.' 

1755.     Wilham  Dalston,  after  the  death  of  Whitaker;'  he  was  residing  at  Unthank  when  he  voted  at  the 

election  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1774;     buried  iSth  May,  1775.'-     Administration  of  his 

personal  estate  granted  6th  October,  1775,  to  Elizabeth  Dalston  the  widow.^ 
1775.     John  Ellison,  curate  of  St.  Nicholas's,  Newcastle. 
1814  (before).     Michael  Maughan,  also  curate  of  W'hittonstall  and  Beadnell,  and  librarian  at  Bamburgh 

Castle. 
1839.     John  Messenger,  died  i8th  Dec,  1841;  he  was  residing  upon  his  cure  in  1S32  when  he  voted  for 

the  glebe  house  and  land  at  Unthank. 
1842.     Robert  Thompson,  B.A.,  a  native  of  I'enrith,  some  time  curate  of  .Stanhope,  died  20th  June,  1880, 

aged  80. 
1S80.     Robert  Wetherall  Wilson  of  Hatfield-hall,  Durham,  B.A.,  1870;   ordained  deacon,  1870  ;   priest, 

1871;   successively  curate  of  Thornley,  St.  James's,  Gateshead,  and  St.  Andrew,  Deptford, 

all  in  the  county  of  Durham.' 

The  Registers  begin  in  1670. 

Thomas  Richardson  and  Jane  his  wife,  married  November  24th,  1670. 

Mary,  daughter  of  Godfrey  Steavenson  of  Crook't  Oak,  born  before  Xmas  ye  third  day  of  December,  16 

years  since,  17 10. 
1690,  May  4th.     Widow  Maughan,  buried. 

1698,  Sept.  4th.     Mr.  John  Elrington  and  Jane  Watson,  married. 
1711,  14th  July.     John,  son  of  Mr.  John  Andrew,  buried. 
1714,  April  1st.     Mr.  Legg  and  Mary  Haswell,  married. 

1 7 19,  June  5th.     John  Ridley  and  Mrs.  Jane  Elrington,  married. 

1720,  22nd  Feb.     Gabriel  Reed,  esq.,  buried. 

Old  Thomas  Teasdall  of  Emiy  buried  at  Slaley  sometime  in  1725. 

1769,  Aug.  27th.     Robert  Surtees  of  Ovingham  parish  and  Catharine  .^ngus  of  this  parish,  married. 

be  witness  of  the  proceedings  betwixt  him,  Robert,  and  Elizabeth;  and  being  come  thither  the  said 
Robert,  and  in  presence  of  Mr.  John  Elrington,  Cuthbert  Richardson,  and  examinate,  entreated  John 
Hopper  for  his  will  in  way  of  marriage  of  the  said  Elizabeth,  his  daughter.  The  said  John  answered  the 
said  Robert  and  said,  '  Vou  are  as  welcome  a  man  as  any  man  to  merit  me,  but  I  have  given  my  consent 
to  another  man,  yet  my  daughter  is  not  willing  to  mate  with  him,  and  therefore  I  will  not  break  her  of 
her  will.'  Whereupon  Elizabeth,  sitting  down  upon  her  knees,  said  unto  her  father,  'Good  father,  I  pray 
you  give  me  leave  to  make  my  own  choice  of  my  husband,  albeit  I  never  get  a  groat's  worth  of  your 
goods.'  He,  the  said  John,  replied  and  said  unto  her,  '  I  am  willing  thou  satisfy  your  own  mind,  and 
name  me  the  man  that  I  may  know  whom  thou  makest  choice  of.'  The  said  Elizabeth  immediately 
answered,  '  He  is  even  here,  it  is  Robert  Taler  that  I  mean  to  marry  with,'  and  then  the  said  Robert  took 
her  by  the  hand  and  said  unto  her,  '  Here  I,  Rober't,  t.ake  thee,  Elizabeth,  to  my  handfast  wife,  and  for 
thy  sake  forsake  all  other  women,  and  thereto  I  plight  thee  my  troth,'  and  so  loosing  their  hands.  The 
said  Elizabeth,  taking  him  by  the  hand,  said  unto  him,  'And  here  1,  Elizabeth,  do  take  you,  Robert,  to 
my  h.andfast  husljand,  and  for  your  sake  do  forsake  all  other  men,  and  thereto  I  give  you  my  faith  and 
ti'Oth;'  which  done  they  kissed  each  other,  and  Elizabeth  signified  unto  the  company  that  they,  Robert 
and  she,  had  contracted  themselves  together  privately  theretofore,  viz.,  upon  St.  Cuthbert's  day  last,  and 
in  the  same  form  and  woi'ds.  .^nd  the  said  Robert  gave  her  a  silver  ring,  which  she  did  kindly  accept, 
and  that  John  Hopper,  the  father,  did  show  himself  to  be  well  pleased  with  Robert,  and  from  thenceforth 
entertained  and  kept  him  in  house  with  him  until  he  wqs  inhibited  by  the  judge  of  this  court.'  Durham 
Consistor)'  Court  {ex  Carhtoit  Papers,  vol.  viii.  with  Mr.  J.  J.  Howe). 

'  Randal,  State  of  the  Churches. 

-  Shotley  Register.  "  Raine,  Test.  Dunehn. 

'The  following  have  been  sub-curates:  1741-34,  Thomas  Simpson;  1775,  George  Emei'son ;  1780, 
Matthew  Holme;  1786,  Simpson  Biown  ;  181S,  James  Green,  afterwards  of  St.  John's  in  Weardale  ; 
1823,  John  Forster;  1S26,  T.  Dixon;  1826-1829,  Richard  Marshall;  lS4t,  Robert  Maughan;  1873-1880, 
R.  G.  Willis.     E.X  inf.  Rev.  R.  W.  Wilson. 


SHOTLEY    CHURCH.  ^  I  I 


Miscellanea. 


Shotley.  At  a  visitation  held  at  Corbridge  in  1660  ;  the  office  was  promoted  against  Christopher 
Readshawe  that  he  hath  bene  verie  negligent  in  coming  to  church,  and  that  he  received  not  the 
communion  at  Easter  last,  and  is  suspected  a  recusant:  the  office  against  Thomas  Hopper  of  Mes 
Barnemill'  that  he  refused  to  paie  his  sessment  to  the  church.' 

1666,  loth  Oct.  On  the  fast  day  ordered  by  the  king's  proclamation,  there  was  a  collection  in  the 
church  of  Shotley  for  the  sufferers  from  the  Great  Fire  of  London  :  2s.  3d.  was  received. = 

At  the  Easter  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions,   1719,  William  Bell  of  Shotley  petitioned  for  parochial 

relief.     He  stated  that  he  had  been  eight  years  in  her  majesty  Queen  Anne's  service  in  Jaimaica,  in  the 

ridgement  of  Colonel  Thomas  Handyside,  and  being  disbanded  in  the  said  island  of  Jaimaica  in  17 12, 

was  seized  with  a  feaver  in  which  he  lost  the  use  of  the  left  side  of  his  body  entirely,'  and  that  he  was 

born  in  the  parish  of  Shotley.     The  court  granted  him  a  weekly  allowance  of  Sd.' 

1742.     Collected  upon  briefs  at  Shotley.'' 

£     s.    d. 

May  23.  For  loss  by  fire  at  Shap         ...         ...  ...  o    o  10 

June  13.  To  repairing  Much  Wedlock  church  ...  006 

July    II.  To  rebuilding  Polesworth  church     ...  ...  004^ 

Aug.    I.  Towards  oyster  dredgers       ...         ...  ...  o     i    11 

Sept.   3.  To  loss  by  fire  at  Marsh  Cibbon      ...  ...  007 

Oct.    10.  To  rebuilding  Holy  Trinity  church  ...  ...  004 

'793'  July  Sth.  The  archdeacon  ordered,  among  other  things:  That  the  roof  of  the  south  entrance 
into  the  chapel  be  repaired  and  the  walls  of  the  chapel  adjoining  to  the  south  porch  be  rough  cast  ;  that 
the  three  sash  windows  be  hung  so  as  to  open  for  the  admission  of  air.* 

1796,  i8th  Aug.  Ann  Young  of  Black  Hedley  Wood-house  gave  ^100  to  the  minister  and  wardens 
and  others  for  placing  poor  children  at  school." 

The  communion  plate  comprises  an  egg-shaped  cup  of  silver  made 
by  T.  W.,  a  plated  paten  and  a  plated  flagon.  There  is  also  a  pewter 
bowl-shaped  font  for  baptisms.' 

As  has  been  already  mentioned,  a  chapel  of  ease  was  built  at 
Snods  Edge  when  St.  Andrew's  church  fell  into  decay.  This  building, 
dedicated  to  St.  John,  and  consecrated  on  August  30th,  1837,** 
subsequently  became  the  parish  church.  Near  it  have  been  built  a 
parsonage  house,  a  school  house  and  a  teacher's  house. 

'  Ex  Durham  Records;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'V,'  p.  242.  ■  Mick.  MSS.  xx    12. 

'  Dickson,  Extracts  from  the  Sessions  Records.  '  Shotley  Registers.  ^  Ibui. 

"  Report  of  the  Commissioners  to  enquire  concerning  Charities,  1819-1837. 
Proc.  Newcastle  Sac.  of  Antiq.  vol.  v.  p.  8.  '  Fordyce,  Local  Records,  vol.  iii.  p.  78. 


312  THE    PARISH    OF    HYWKI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

RLANCHLAND,    OK    SHOTLEY    HIGH    QUARTER. 

The  township  of  Jilanchlaiid,'  comprising  an  area  of  5,006  acres,  and 
consisting  largely  of  trackless  moors  called  Acton-fell,  Birkside-fell, 
Biirntsliieldhaugh-fell,  and  Cowbvers-fell,  has  a  western  e.xposnre  towards 
the  Devil's  Water,  which  generally  forms  the  western  boundarv,  and  a 
southern  e.vposure  towards  the  Derwent,"  by  which  it  is  separated  from 
the  county  of  Durham.  It  is  bounded  by  the  township  of  Newbiggin  on 
the  south-west  and  by  the  parishes  of  Slaley  and  Bywell  St.  Peter  on  the 
north  and  east. 

Besides  the  church,  once  that  of  the  abbev,  school-house,  and 
parsonage,  the  village  comprises  an  inn,^  originallv  part  of  the  conventual 
buildings,  and  after  the  Dissolution  the  manor  house  and  residence  of 
the  Radcliffes  and  Forsters,  and  thirty-five  houses.  The  population  has 
dwindled  from    518  in   181 1  to   232   in   1901.'' 

The  name  of  Blanchland,  or  Alba  Landa,  has  been  derived  by  some 
from  the  priory  of  Blanche  Lande,  in  the  diocese  of  Coutances,  near 
Cherbourg,  founded  as  a  Praemonstratensian  house  in  11 54  by  Richard  de 
Haia,  constable  of  Normandy,'*  but  there  was  also  a  priory  of  Blanchland — 
or  Blanca  Landa — in  Guernsey,*'  and  a  very  celebrated  abbey  of  Blanchland,' 
Alba  Landa,  or  as  it  is  more  usually  called  Whitland,  in  Carmarthenshire.*' 

'  In  1S98  the  township  of  Blanchland  was  united  with  that  of  Newbig-gin  for  Poor  Law  purposes, 
and  the  united  township  is  called  Shotley  High  Quarter. 

-  The  source  of  the  Derwent  is  about  a  mile  and  a  half  above  Blanchland  ;  </.  '  Lines  to  the 
Derwent,'  Joshua  Lax,  Poems,  Durham,  1884,  p.  41. 

"  In  September,  1816,  Mr.  James  Raine  and  Mr.  Robert  Surtees  made  an  expedition  to  Hexham  by 
way  of  Lanchester  and  Shotley  Bridge.  The  former  writes  :  '  At  Blanchland,  in  the  old  tower  of  the 
Forsters,  converted  into  an  inn,  there  was  a  landlady  who  peculiarly  attracted  the  attention  of  my 
companion.  She  was  tall  and  stately,  dressed  in  an  antiquated  style,  in  a  high  peaked  cap,  garnished 
w  ith  ribands,  and  the  cut  and  pattern  of  her  gown  savoured  of  those  in  use  in  the  time  of  her  grandmother. 
In  addition  to  these  peculiarities,  she  was,  to  our  great  amusement,  fond  of  "dictionary  words  ;"  in  fact, 
a  very  near  relation  of  Mrs.  Malaprop.  The  trustees  of  Lord  Crewe's  Charities,  to  whom  Blanchland 
belongs,  had  a  while  before  been  riding  the  boundaries  of  the  estate,  and  with  respect  to  the  health  of 
one  of  thetii.  Dr.  Prosser,  a  prebendary  of  Durham,  who  was  far  advanced  in  years,  she  made  particular 
inquiries.  He  had  evidently  made  a  strong  impression  upon  her  mind.  "  He  was  an  old  gentleman," 
said  she,  "  but  he  was  the  most  actionable  of  them  all." '  Life  of  Surtees,  Taylor  and  Raine,  p.  52.  Surt. 
Soc.  No.  24. 

*  The  Census  Returns  are  :  1801,  [366]  ;  181 1,  518  ;  1821,  412  ;  1831,  454  ;  1841,  476  ;  1851,  491  ; 
1861,474;   1871,407;  1881,293;  1891,276;   1901,232. 

^  Gallia  Christiana,  vol.  ii.  944.  '  Cul.  Pat.  Rolls,  1 1  Edw.  111.  p.  492. 

■  Cal.  Close  Rolls,  3  Edw.  II.  p.  196  ;  ibid.  3  Edw.  III.  p.  567,  etc. 

'  In  the  parish  of  Llangan.  Its  full  name  was  Ty  Gwyn  ar  Daf,  the  White  House  on  the  Taff. 
Giraldus,  Itin.  Cainb.  vol.  i.  p.  10,  calls  it  Alba  Domus.  The  first  meaning  of  the  word  Ty  is  the  equivalent 
of  Llant,  I.e.,  an  enclosure  (cf.  close,  cloister).  A  '  Blanca  Landa'  might  then  mean  nothing  more  than  a 
'blanche  abbeye'  (see  below,  p.  317,  n.  6),  a  term  that  was  afterwards  specially  applicable  to  Blanchland 
through  the  white  dress  of  the  Norbertine  canons.  Whitland  became  a  Cistercian  house  in  the  twelfth 
centurv. 


BLANCHLAND    TOWNSHIP.  313 

This  last  was  founded  by  the  celebrated  Pauhnus,  or  Pawl  Hen,  at  the 
beginning  of  the  sixth  century.'  There  may  be  some  foundation  of  truth 
in  the  tradition,  which  seems  incredible  at  first,  that  '  the  Blauncheland 
of  the  county  of  Northumberland'"  existed  from  the  days  of  King  Arthur;' 
though  this  may  be  the  result  of  confusion  with  the  Welsh  house. 

'In  1 165  the  Praemonstratensian  order  came  to  Blanchland.'*  It  had 
been  founded  for  regular  canons  at  Premontre,  a  little  to  the  west  of 
Laon,  by  St.  Norbert  in  1 1 20.  The  first  house  of  the  order  in  England 
seems  to  have  been  New  House,  in  Lincolnshire,  founded  in  1143. 
Alnwick  Abbey,  'the  daughter  of  Newhouse,'  dates  from  1147.  Their  rule 
to  begin  with  was  very  severe,  including  absolute  abstinence  from  flesh, 
but  in  the  end  there  was  little  to  distinguish  them  from  Austin  canons, 
like  those  at  Hexham,  except  that  they  wore  nothing  but  white,  while  the 
latter  had  black  copes. 

The  convent  of  Blanchland,  dedicated  to  God  and  St.  Mary  the  Virgin,'* 
was  founded  by  Walter  de  Bolbec  III.,  who  provided  by  a  charter  for 
the  maintenance  of  twelve  canons  of  the  Praemonstratensian  order,  unless 
by  the  advice  of  the  bishop  and  patron  of  the  place  a  larger  number 
should  be  received.  His  grant  comprised  all  the  land  north  of  the 
Derwent  between  Akedene-burn  on  the  east,  and  the  road  to  Corbridge  on 
the  west,  and  was  enclosed  by  a  line  running  from  Little  Akedene  to  the 
head  of  Widenes,  and  thence  by  the  Carres  and  the  head  of  Bradeshaugh 
to  Silvedene-burn,  which  it  followed  up  to  the  ford  where  the  Corbridge 
road  crossed  it.'' 

Besides  this,  Walter  de  Bolbec  gave  them  the  church  of  Harle  and 
that  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  with  its  dependent  chapels  of  Styford,  Shotley 

'  Rees,  Welsh  Saints,  p.  187.  ^  See  below,  p.  320.  '  See  below,  p.  317. 

'  'A.D.  1 165.  Ordo  Praemonstiatensis  venit  ad  Blanchelande.'  Chronica  de  Mailros,  p.  80,  ed.  Hay 
and  Pringle,  1835,  Bannatyne  Club. 

'^  According  to  one  version  of  Froissart,  Blanchland  was  known  as  St.  Peter's  abbey,  but  see  below  p.  319. 

"  'Omnibus  etc.  Walterus  de  Bolebek  saluteni.  Notum  vobis  facio  me  concessisse  et  dedisse,  et  hac 
mea  carta  confirmasse  Deo  et  S.  Mariae  Virgini  et  conventui  xii  canonicorum  ordinis  Praemonstratensis, 
nisi  consilio  domini  episcopi  et  advocati  ejusdem  loci,  ultra  praedictum  numerum  aliquis  ibidem  recipiatur, 
totam  terrain  inter  has  divisas  ;  scilicet  a  Derwenta  per  burnam  de  Akedene,  contra  montem,  usque  ad 
parvam  Akedene  ;  et  inde  per  parvain  Akedene  contra  montem,  usque  ad  caput  Widenes  ;  et  inde 
usque  ad  Carres  ;  et  de  Carres,  per  caput  Bradeshagh,  usque  in  Silvedene-burnam  ;  et  ex  altera  parte, 
per  Silvedene-burnam,  contra  montem,  usque  ad  vadum  viae  Corbrig  ;  et  sic  contra  vallem,  per  viam 
Corbrigiae,  usque  in  Derwentam  ;  et  inde  per  Derwentam,  usque  ad  praedictam  Akedene  ;  in  silvis,  in 
planis,  in  pratis,  in  pascuis,  in  stagnis,  in  ac[uis,  in  molendinis  ad  faciendam  abbaciam.' 

Praeterea  dedi  eis  duas  ecclesias ;  scilicet  de  Herla  et  de  Bywell,  cum  omnibus  pertinentiis  suis  ; 
scilicet  capellam  de  Stiford,  capellam  de  Shotleya,  et  capellam  de  Appeltreleya.  Interim  vero  trado  eis 
niolendinum  de  .Shotleya  ea  conventione,  ut  cum  reciperent  ecclesiam  de  Bywell,  reddant  mihi  molendinum. 

Vol..  VI.  40 


314  THE  PARISH  OF  BYWEI.I.  ST.  ANDREW. 

and  Appletree.  Thev  were  to  hold  the  mill  of  vShotley  until  such  time  as 
they  should  be  put  in  possession  of  the  church  of  Bywell  ;  they  also  had 
a  concession  of  the  tithes  of  the  vill  of  WuKvardhope,  and  ten  fish  from 
the  pool  of  Styford,  over  and  above  the  tithe  due  to  the  church.' 

Before  12 14  Hugh  de  Bolebec  granted  to  God  and  St.  Mary  and 
his  abbey  of  Blanchland  and  the  canons  and  brethren  serving  God  there, 
in  augmentation  of  what  the  abbey  had  anciently  possessed,  all  the  land 
down  the  Derwent  to  where  the  Wulwardhope-burn  falls  into  Derwent  ; 
then  from  the  head  of  Wulwardhope  by  Sessinghopelaw  to  the  head  of 
Silvingdene,  and  so  down  the  Corbridge  road  to  the  Derwent  again.  The 
canons  might  plough  out  as  much  of  this  as  they  liked.  They  were  also  to 
have  common  pasture  for  their  cattle  through  the  whole  width  of  Bolbec's 
land  from  the  Derwent  to  the  bounds  of  Slaley,  as  far  east  as  the  land  of 
Hugh  de  Baliol,  and  as  far  west  as  Bolbec's  land  extended  in  Harewood, 
Redeleme,  and  Tunge.  Sessinghope  was  to  be  e.xcepted,  its  limits  being 
defined  by  a  boundary  running  from  the  head  of  Langhevede  to  Standand- 
estane,  and  thence  along  the  road  leading  west  to  Belden.  Bolbec  also 
reserved  the  right  of  making  vills,  buildings  and  cart-sheds  in  Harewood, 
Redeleme,  and  Tunge,  of  erecting  a  cow-byre  in  Haselwode  and  of 
enclosing  forty  acres  there,  to  be  ploughed  up  or  mown  as  he  chose.  The 
canons  were  to  have  the  tithes  from  any  buildings  and  cart-sheds  Bolbec 
might  put  up  under  this  reservation,  as  well  as  all  ecclesiastical  rights 
that  did  not  interfere  with  those  of  his  own  chapel.'^ 

Concessi  quoque  eis  decimas  de  villa  Wihvardhope,  et  decimos  pisces  de  stagno  meo  de  Stifoide,  soluta 
decima  ad  ecclesiani  pertinente.  Omnia  haec  praenominata  dedi  eis  et  concessi,  pro  salute  animae  meae 
et  antecessorum  meorum  in  perpetuam  elemosinam,  ita  liberam  et  quietam,  sicut  aliqua  elemosina 
liberius  et  quietius  dari  vel  teneri  potest.  T.  domino  Hugone  Dunelmensi  episcopo,  G.  priore  et 
conventu  Dunelm.,  Willelmo  arclidiacono,  Simone  camberlano,  Ada  de  S.  Egidio,  Walkelino  decano, 
Ricardo  de  Colinham,  Willelmo  de  Hovedone.  Cart.  54  Hen.  III.  m.  13,  per  Inspex.  Vide  Cart. 
9  Edw.  II.  n.  54,  in  Uugdale,  Monasticon,  vol.  vi.  pt.  ii.  p.  886. 

'  Ibiii. 

■ 'Omnibus  etc.  Hugo  de  Dolebek  salutem.  Notum  habeat  universitas  vestra,  me  dedisse,  etc.  Deo 
et  S.  Mariae  et  abbatiae  meae  de  Blancalanda,  et  canonicis  et  fratribus  ibidem  Deo  servientibus,  in 
puram,  perpetuam,  et  liberam  elemosinam,  totam  terram  in  usus  proprios  ad  libitum  suum  excolendam, 
et  ad  omnia  aisiamenta  sua  quae  in  eam  habere  poteiunt  infra  istas  divisas  ;  scilicet  a  Derwenta  sicut 
Wlwardeshope  cadit  in  Derwentam,  et  sic  sursum  rivulum  usque  ad  caput  de  Wulwardhope  ;  et  de 
capite  de  Wulwardhope  usque  ad  -Sessinghopelawe,  et  de  Sessinghopelawe,  usque  ad  caput  de 
Silvingdene  ;  et  inde  descendendo  usque  ad  viam  de  Corebrigge,  in  augmentum  terrae  praedictae 
abbaciae  in  proprios  usus  antiquitus  optentae,  sicut  aliqua  elemosina  liberius  potest  dari  et  quietius 
possideri.  Et  praeterca  concessi  et  praesenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  praedictis  canonicis  et  fratribus 
communem  pasturam  ad  usum  pecuniae  suae  a  Derwenta  usque  ad  divisas  de  Slaveleye,  in  quantum  terra 
mea  extenditur  in  latum  ;  et  versus  orientem,  usque  ad  terram  domini  Hugonis  de  Bayllol  ;  et  versus 
occidentem,  in  quantum  terra  mea  extenditur  ;  scilicet  in  Harewode  et  in  Redeleme,  et  in  Tunge,  cum 
pertinentiis,  in  bosco  et  in  piano  et  in  mora  et  ubique,  excepto  Sessinghope  ;   scilicet  per  has  divisas,  a 


BLANCHLAND   TOWNSHIP. 


315 


Notices  of  Blanchland  in  the  records  are  few  and  scanty.  By  an 
additional  grant  of  the  founder,  the  abbot  and  convent  obtained  the  church 
of  St.  Andrew  at  Heddon-on-the-Wall.  The  names  of  the  attesting 
witnesses  to  the  charter  are  of  exceptional  interest,  including  those  of 
Sibilla,  widow  of  Walter  de  Bolbec  II.,  whom  her  son  calls  '  domina  mea 
et  mater,'  of  her  younger  son  Hugh  and  of  Wielardus,  parson  of  Stiford.^ 
In  1234  the  abbot  and  convent  obtained  a  lease,  at  the  yearly  rent  of 
13s.  4d.,  of  a  small  estate  called  Woodyfield  from  the  prior  and  convent 
of  Durham,  who  had  it  by  the  gift  of  Robert  de  Amundeville."  In  1243 
the  abbot  set  his  seal  to  a  composition  between  Evesham  and  Durham.^ 
The  abbot  of  Alba  Landa  appears  in  the  Great  Roll  of  the  Pipe  in  1250,^ 
and  three  years  later  the  sheriff  accounts  for  a  payment  made  by  the 
abbot  of  three  marks  on  account  of  the  subsidy  granted  for  the  king's 
expedition  to  Gascony.^  In  1279  the  abbot  and  convent  obtained  from 
Henry,  son  of  Henry  de  Graham,  a  confirmation  of  a  grant  of  a  rent  charge 

capite  de  Langheuede  usque  ad  Standandestane ;  et  de  Standandestane,  per  viam  quae  ducit  versus 
occidentem  usque  in  Beldene.  Et  sciendum  est  quod  S'^o  H.  et  haeredes  mei,  villas  et  aedificia 
et  wannagia,  ad  libitum  nostrum  in  illis  terris  praenominatis,  scilicet  in  Hareu-ode,  et  in  Redeleme,  et  in 
Tunge,  cum  pertinentiis,  faciemus.  Et  sciendum  est  quod  ego  H.  et  haeredes  mei  faciemus  in  Hesehvode 
unam  vacariam  ad  usus  nostros  proprios,  et  claudemus  xl  acras  terrae,  ad  excolendum,  vel  ad  tensandum 
ad  libitum  nostrum,  ita  tamen  quod  praedicti  canonici  et  fratres  habebunt  liberum  inter  [communam]  ad 
usum  pecuniae  suae,  mecum  et  cum  hominibus  meis,  in  sua  communi  pastura  praenominatae  terrae, 
excepto  Sessinghope,  per  praenominatas  divisas.     Et  sciendum  est,  quod  praedicti  canonici  et  fratres  de 

villis  in  aedificiis  et   wannagiis,  quae  ego' H.  et  haeredes  mei  in  illis  praenominatis  tenis 

fecerimus,  decimas  et  omnia  jura  ecclesiastica  percipiant,  salvo  jure  capellae  meae  et  haereduni 
meorum.  Hiis  testibus,  Roberto  filio  Rogeri,  Eustachio  de  Vescy,  Ricardo  de  Umfrevill,  Rogero 
de  Merley,  Rogero  Bertram,  Gilberto  de  la  Val,  Otewero  de  Insula,  Rob.  de  la  Vale,  Johanne  de 
Tirtelingtone,  Willielmo  filio  Reginald],  Rogero  de  Slaveleye,  Willielmo  de  Kinebele,  et  multis  aliis.' 
Dugdale,  Monasticon,  vol.  vi.  pt.  ii.  p.  886;   Robert  fitz  Roger,  the  first  witness,  died  in  1214. 

'  Dugdale,  Monasticon,  vol.  vi.  pt.  ii.  p.  886.     Cf.  Arch.  A  el.  vol.  xi.  p.  246. 

-  Dur.  Trcas.  2'"'  1 1"""  Spec.  No.  13.  The  land  was  apparently  in  Teesdale, 
near  Winston.  An  agreement  between  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham 
and  the  abbot  and  convent  de  Alba  Landa,  by  which  Durham  leases  forever 
'ad  feudi  firmam'  to  Blanchland,  all  the  land  Durham  has  in  the  vill  of 
Wodynfeld  by  grant  of  Sir  Robert  de  Amundeuille,  to  wit,  a  toft  and  forty 
acres  of  arable  land,  at  a  yearly  rent  of  one  marc.  Power  is  given  to  distrain 
on  cattle  (nvcria)  within  the  land  in  case  of  non-payment. 
Dated  the  Feast  of  the  Nativity,  1234.  Seal  oval,  ij  by  ij. 
Our  Lady  holding  Christ  seated  adverse  in  a  vesica  ;  she 
■  arrics  a  sceptre  in  her  right  hand  ;  on  each  side,  a  crescent 
enclosing  a  wavy  star ;  beneath,  a  figure  standing  adverse 
holding  a  crosier  in  left  hand  ;  on  each  side  a  semi-circular 
headed     door.        ^     S'.\BB.\TIS       ET     CONVENT     BE.\TE     M.AR 

d'albalad. 

^  Dur.    Treas.   2'"    4'""   Ebor.    No.    26.      Compositio  inter 
Evesham   et   Dunelm.      i   Innoc.  Papae   IV.   (1243).      Seal  pointed  oval,   15  by  J. 
hand    issuing    from    the    right    side    of    seal,    holding    a    crosier.       ij(    .s'abatis 
ALBA  .  .  .  DA. 

*  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  220. 

'  Mag.  Rot.  Pipae,  37  Hen.  III.  ;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  229. 


3l6  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.I,    ST.    ANDREW. 

of  5s.  a  year  out  of  the  mill  of  Simondburn  made  by  his  grandfather.'  By 
a  deed  dated  at  Wulloure  in  1283,  Sir  Walter  de  Huntercmnbe,  knight, 
granted  to  Sir  Thomas  de  Diuelstone  two  bovates  of  land  and  one  messuage 
in  Angertone,  to  pav  half  a  mark  for  ten  years  to  the  abbot  of  Alba  Landa." 
In  1313  the  abbot^  was  assessed  at  12s.  for  the  subsidy  granted  by  the 
clergy.''  In  the  following  year,  the  convent  being  at  variance  with  the 
bishop  of  Durham,  their  churches  were  sequestered  'on  account  of  the 
insolence  and  negligence  of  him  who  gave  himself  out  to  be  abbot  of 
that  church."'  On  August  31st,  13 13,  William  de  Norton,  vicar  of 
Bywell  St.  Andrew  and  a  canon  of  the  house,  was  elected  abbot,  and 
having  promised  canonical  obedience,  was  admitted  to  his  office  by  the 
bishop  in  the  chapel  of  Bishop  Middleham.''  In  1320  William,  who  calls 
himself  'minister  humilis  ecclesiae  de  Alba  Landa,'  granted  an  acquittance 
to  Ralph  de  Warsopp,  burgess  of  Durham,  for  rents  from  houses  in 
Durham.'  Two  years  later,  the  bishop  of  Durham,  being  at  the  time  at 
Naburn,  in  the  diocese  of  York,  requests  archbishop  Melton's  permission 
to  perform  the  rite  of  blessing  John  de  Staynton,  who  had  been  elected 
abbot  of  Blanchland.** 

About  the  year  1320  John  de  Lancaster,  who  had  a  purparty  of  the 
barony  of  Bolbec,  conveyed  his  right  in  the  patronage  {in  advocacione)  of 
the  abbey  to  William  de  Herle,'  and  subsequently  William  de  Greystoke 
and  Johanna  his  wife,  who  had  the  other  purparty,  conveyed  their  rights 
in  the  patronage  to  Robert  de  Herle,  his  son.'" 

'  Pleas  and  Assizes  at  Wark  in  Tyndale.     Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  vol.  ii.  p.  52. 

-  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  14.     In  the  Verus  Valor  the  abbot  of  Blanchland  was  assessed  at  ^9. 

'  It  does  not  appear  that  the  abbot  of  Blanchland  was  ever  summoned  to  parliament  ;  but  the 
abbot  of  the  Cistercian  house  of  Blanca  Landa  was  summoned  in  the  22nd,  23rd,  and  24th  years  of 
Edw.   I.     Report  on  the  Dignity  of  a  Peer,  vol.  iii.  app.  i.  pt.  i.  pp.  60,  68,  70,  76. 

'  Bp.  Kellawe's  Register,  vol.  ii.  pp.  939,  960,  962. 

' '  Per  insolentiam  et  incuriam  illius  qui  se  gerit  pro  abbate  ecclesiae 
praedictae.'    Ibid.  vol.  i.  p.  602. 

"  Bishop  Kellawe's  Register,  vol.  ii.  p.  725. 

'  Dur.  Treas.  T"  17'""  Spec.  No.  14.  XVI.  Kal.  Nov.,  1320.  Seal  oval,  i^ 
by  I.  Figure  standing  adverse,  holding  crosier  in  right  hand  and  a  book  to 
breast  in  left.  On  each  side  a  very  pretty  running  conventional  foliage  pattern. 
SIGILLVM  :  ABB  .  .  .    E  :  ALBALAN  .  . 

"  York  Registers,  Melton,  462  a.     Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  i.  p.  Ixviii. 
°  Harl.  MSB.  No.  2101,  p.  241  b.     Rev.  Jolin  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  T,'  15. 
"  Dodsuorth  MSS.  vol.  I.\x\v.  fol.  122,  etc. 


BLANCHLAND    TOWNSHIP. 


317 


Edward  III.  was  at  Blanchland  in  1327.  A  large  army  of  Scottish 
knights  and  irregulars  had  crossed  the  South  Tyne  by  a  ford  between 
Haydon  Bridge  and  Haltwhistle  about  the  middle  of  July  and  had 
commenced  ravaging  the  western  part  of  the  bishopric  of  Durham.  Bv  the 
advice  of  the  English  borderers,  the  young  king  executed  a  forced  march 
from  Durham  to  Haydon  Bridge,  expecting  to  cut  off  the  retreat  of  the 
Scots.  Rain  fell  in  torrents,  provisions  were  scarce,  and  no  Scots  appeared. 
After  about  a  week  of  mire  and  misery,  he  proceeded  to  Haltwhistle,  and 
offered  knighthood  and  lands  worth  ^100  a  year^  to  any  squire  who  should 
bring  him  certain  news  of  the  whereabouts  of  the  Scottish  army."  Some 
fifteen  to  eighteen  knights  and  squires  accordingly  set  out  on  this  quest. 
On  Tuesday,  July  28th, ^  the  English  army  with  their  jaded  horses  had 
enough  to  do  to  re-cross  the  river,  which  was  in  flood.  They  spent  that 
night  at  a  small  village  on  the  south  bank  (Beltingham  ?)  that  had  been 
burnt  by  the  Scots.  The  next  day  (July  29th)  they  rode  over  hill  and 
dale  till  they  reached  in  the  afternoon  the  blackened  ruins  of  some  hamlets 
and  farms  (Allendale  ?),  but  could  see  neither  man  nor  woman  ;  all  had 
fled  through  suspicion  of  them.  The  third  day  (July  30th)  there  was 
still  no  news  of  the  Scots  ;  the  soldiers  began  grumbling  as  they  marched 
no  one  knew  whither  ;  the  Scots,  they  thought,  must  have  either  retreated 
or  burrowed  into  the  ground.*  The  fourth  day  (Friday,  July  31st),  as  they 
were  advancing  down  the  Derwent  at  about  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning,' 
they  approached  the  burnt  buildings  of  '  a  white  abbey  that  had  been 
called  from  the  time  of  King  Arthur  the  Blance  Lande,' "  when  one  of 
the  squires  errant,   '  Thomelin  Housagre  '  ^  by  name,  rode   up  in  hot  haste 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  I  Edw.  1 1 1,  pt.  iii.  m.  22.  Froissart  speaks  of  '  cent  livrees  de  tcire  a  hiietage  a  restrelin,' 
but  the  king  restricted  it  in  the  sequel  to  'for  life.'     See  below,  p.  320. 

■  Cf.  Bates,  Northumberland,  p.  166. 

'  The  date  is  derived  from  a  comparison  of  the  calendar  of  Patent  Rolls  with  tlie  accounts  in 
Froissart.  The  loyal  clerks  often  remained  a  day  or  two  behind  in  order  to  write  up  arrears,  so  that  the 
places  entered  on  the  rolls  are  not  positive  evidence  of  the  king's  presence  there  on  any  particular  day. 

*  Chroiiiqties  dc  J.  Froissart,  publiees  pour  la  Societe  de  I'Histoire  de  France,  red.  Simeon  Luce, 
1869,  vol.  i.  p.  61  ;  p.  273,  Variantis,  MS.  de  Rome,  fol.  19. 

''  '  Et  le  quart  jour  ossi  jusques  a  heure  de  tierce.'     Ibid. 

"  '  D'encoste  une  blanche  abbeye,  qui  etait  toute  arse,  que  on  clamoit  dou  temps  le  roi  Artus  le 
lUance  Lande.'  Ibid.  The  actual  abbey  was  not  burnt  (see  below,  p.  319)  ;  the  canons  only  complained 
in  1331  that  their  'houses'  had  been  burnt  (see  below,  p.  321). 

'  '  Ung  escuier  engles,  qui  s'appelloit  Thomelin  Housagre.'  Ibid.  Variantes,  p.  273.  MS.  \'>.  6,  fol. 
33.  The  squire  is  called  Thomas  de  Rokesby  (possibly  Ro.xby)  in  the  grant  of  Edward  IIL  at  Lincoln, 
September  28th,  1327.  'Housagre'  is  not  '  Whittaker,'  as  in  Simeon  Luce's  note,  but  '  Hwatacre,'  or 
'Hutaker,'  a  distinct  family  with  the  arms  arg.  on  a  chevron  sa.  three  garbs  or.     Papzt'orth,  p.  486. 


3l8  THE  PARISH  OF  BYWELL  ST.  ANDREW. 

and  forced  his  way  to  the  royal  presence.  '  Sire,'  he  cried,  '  I  bring  you 
tidings  ;  the  Scots  are  three  leagues  from  here,'  encamped  on  a  hill.  They 
have  been  expecting  you  for  the  last  week,  and  know  no  more  of  vour 
movements  than  vou  do  of  theirs.  I  got  so  close  to  them  that  I  was 
taken  prisoner  and  led  before  their  leaders,  lord  William  Douglas  and 
the  earl  of  Murray.  I  told  them  the  whole  story  that  brought  me  there. 
Then  Douglas  made  merry  and  said,  "  Certes,  good  friend,  if  that  be  the 
case,  we  will  set  you  free,  for  we  should  like  you  to  be  made  a  knight  and 
to  receive  lands  worth  a  hundred  a  year."  You  can  tell  vour  king  and 
his  lords  that  if  they  seek  us  we  seek  them  ;  let  them  come  straight  here 
and  thev  shall  find  us"  To-morrow  morning,  I  will,  sire,  if  you  wish, 
lead  you  to  the  place  and  show  them  to  you.'  On  hearing  this.  King 
Edward  bade  his  whole  host  halt  in  a  corn-field  to  feed  their  horses  and 
tighten  their  saddle  girths.^ 

In  the  meantime,  the  arrival  of  three  more  squires*  with  news  of  the 
Scots  had  already  brought  the  vanguard,  under  Thomas,  lord  Wake,  the 
marshal  of  the  army,  and  lord  Lucy,  to  a  standstill.  Lord  Wake  conducted 
them  to  the  king.  'Assuredly,  sire,'  they  protested,  'we  have  seen  the 
Scots  and  the  place  where  they  are  encamped,  and  there,  according  to 
their  account,  they  await  your  coming.  We  spoke  to  one  of  their  heralds, 
who  said  he  was  returning  from  Durham,  whither  he  had  gone  to  challenge 
you  to  fight.  We  went  so  far  in  his  company  that  we  saw  part  of  their 
covenant.^  We  will  lead  you  thither  if  you  wish.'  '  Yea,'  said  the  king, 
'  we  wish  for  nothing  better.  And  are  they  far  from  here  ? '  '  Sire,  not 
at  all  ;    about  six   English  leagues.' 

'  'A  trois  liewes  pres  de  ci.'  Chroniqius  dcj.  Froissart,  ed.  Luce,  i.e..  three  French  mile?,  or  15,750 
yards  ;  'a  sept  petites  lieues  de  chy,'  MS.  B.  b,  i.e.,  six  little  leagues  or  14,000  yards  ;  'environ  siis  lieues 
englesces,'  MS.  de  Rome,  i.e.,  six  English  leagues  or  15,000  yards.  The  distance  from  Blanchland  to  the 
Scottish  position  south  of  the  Wear,  near  Stanhope,  is,  as  the  crow  flies,  about  six  miles  or  14,080  yards. 

-'  Dont  dist  mesirres  Gillame  de  Douglas,  qui  ot  grant  joie  de  ces  nouvelles  :  '  Chertes,  compains, 
puisque  vous  estes  venus  jusques  a  chy  pour  chelle  cause,  nous  vous  quiterons  votre  prison,  car  nous 
vollons  que  vous  soies  chevalier,  et  que  vous  gaignies  cent  livres  de  terre  a  I'estrelin.'     Ibid.  MS.  B.  6. 

'  '  Fist  toute  Tost  la  endroit  arrester  en  uns  bles  pour  leur  chevaus  paistre  et  recengler.'     Ibid. 

'  'Au  quart  jour,  sus  I'eure  de  tierce,  evous  revenu  trois  esquiers  deviers  les  marescaus,  qui  les 
Escocois  avoient  trouves  et  parl6  4  euls.  Tantos  li  doi  marescal,  mesire  Thomas  Wage  et  messires 
Lois  Hay  fissent  cesser  I'oost,  etc'  Ibid.,  MS.  de  Rome.  There  seems  no  necessary  contradiction  between 
the  variant  recounting  that  the  news  was  brought  by  one  squire  straight  to  the  king,  and  the  other  that  it 
was  brought  by  three  squires  to  the  advanced  guard  ;  Froissart  may  have  taken  notes  from  two  eye- 
witnesses placed  differently  at  the  time,  and  used  the  talc  of  one  in  one  MS.  and  that  of  the  other  in 
the  other. 

* '  Nous  avons  veu  une  partie  de  lor  convenant.'  Ibtd.,  MS.  de  Rome.  The  word  '  covenant '  recalls 
the  Solemn  League  of  1638  and  Leslie's  invasion  of  Northumberland. 


bLANCHLANb    TOWNSHIP.  3I9 

The  king  then  took  up  his  quarters  in  the  abbey,  '  which  was  called  in 
the  country  St.  Peter's,  and  was  occupied  bv  white  monks.' '  The  monastic 
buildings  themselves  had  not  been  burnt,  because  the  abbot  was  cousin  to  a 
Scottish  baron,  the  lord  Lindsay,  who  was  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  raid.^ 

The  three  squires  were  now  cross-examined  as  to  how  it  came  to 
pass  that  the  herald  whom  they  said  the  Scots  had  sent  to  Durham  had 
not  come  on  with  them  to  deliver  his  message  to  the  king.  '  We  did 
our  best  to  remonstrate,'  was  the  explanation  they  offered,  'and  wished  to 
bring  him  with  us,  but  he  begged  us  to  deliver  his  message  for  him,  making 
out  that  he  was  ill,  and  giving  that  as  his  reason  for  returning  to  his 
own    lords.'  ^ 

It  was,  it  should  be  remembered,  the  eve  of  Lammas,  the  feast  of  St. 
Peter  ad  Vincula  (August  ist),  and  this  may  have  originated  Froissart's  idea 
that  the  abbey  was  dedicated  to  St.  Peter.*  The  soldiers  all  went  to 
confession  and  each  applied  himself  to  the  best  of  his  power.*^  The  king 
stayed  in  the  abbey  that  night,  while  his  host  slept  all  around.  It  proved 
to  be  about  four  leagues  from  the  Scottish  camp.''  Edward  had  a  great 
number  of  masses  said  in  order  that  those  who  were  devoutly  disposed 
might  communicate.  He  then  assigned  in  due  form  the  hundred  pounds  of 
annual  rent  he  had  promised  to  the  first  squire  and  dubbed  him  knight  in 
the  presence  of  all.'  The  next  morning,**  after  an  interval  for  rest  and 
breakfast,"  the  trumpet  sounded  'To  horse!'  Under  the  guidance  of  the 
newly-made  knight,  followed  by  the  three  squires,^"  King  Edward  and  his 
host  marched  out  of  Blanchland  in  battle  array.     By  about  noon  they  were 

'  '  Et  fu  li  rois  logiez  en  une  abbeie  que  on  cl;iinnie  on  pais  le  clostre  Saint  Piere,  et  est  de  blans 
monnes.'     Chroniques  dc  J.  Fivissart,  ed.  Luce,  MS.  dc  Rome. 

-  'Et  ne  I'avoient  point  ars  li  Escocois  pour  tant  que  I'abbe  estoit  cousins  a  un  baron  d'Escoce,  le 
signeur  de  Lindesee,  et  estoit  chils  (?)  en  celle  cevauchie.  Ibid.,  MS.  de  Rome.  The  actual  abbey  was 
not  burnt,  but  the  farm  buildings  appear  to  hav8  been  (see  p.  317,  n.  6). 

»  Ibid.,  MS.  de  Rome. 

*  There  seems  no  other  authority  for  this  dedication.  St.  James  is  sometimes  similarly  mentioned 
as  a  patron  of  Alnwick  Abbey  in  addition  to  St.  Mary. 

^  '  La  endroit,  se  confessa  et  adreca  cescuns  a  son  loyal  pooir.'     Ibid. 

"  '  En  celle  abbeie  se  loga  li  rois  celle  nuit,  et  toute  li  boost  la  environ  ;  et  pooit  avoir  quatre  lieues 
englesces  de  la  011  li  Escocois  estoient  logiet.'     Ibid.,  MS.  de  Rome,  fol.  ig. 

'  '  Et  fist  la  endroit  li  rois  dire  grant  fuison  de  messes,  pour  acumeniier  chiaus  qui  devotion  en 
avoient.  Et  assena  tantost  bien  et  souffisamment  a  I'escuier  les  cent  livrees  de  terre  qui  piommis  avoit,  et 
le  fist  chevalier  par  devant  tons.'     Ibid. 

"  '  Qant  ce  vint  au  matin.'     Ibid.,  MS.  de  Rome,  fol.  19. 

"  '  Quant  on  fu  un  repose  et  desjune,  on  sonna  le  trompete  ;  cescuns  a  la  monter.'     Ibid. 

'"  '  Et  fist  on  les  banieres  chevaucier,  ensi  que  cis  nouviaus  chevaliers  les  conduisoit.'  Ibid.  Cf. 
'  Et  aloient  li  troi  esquier,  qui  les  nouvelles  avoient  aporte  des  Escocois,  devant,  et  menoient  les  banieres.' 
Ibid.,  MS.  de  Rome,  fol.  19  dorso. 


:^20  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELI.    ST.    ANDREW. 

in  sight  of  the  Scots.'  The  Wear  however  was  as  swollen  as  the  Tyne,  and 
after  a  week's  encamping  in  Stanhope  Park  face  to  face  with  the  enemy, 
the  Scots  gave  them  the  slip  one  night.  The  ineffective  campaign  was 
brought  to  a  close  by  the   king's  return  to   Durham  on  August  8th. 

The  canons  did  not  fail  to  present  a  petition  to  the  king  and  his 
council,  praying  him  '  that  for  God's  sake  he  would  show  regard  for  the 
destruction  and  damages  that  his  poor  chaplains,  the  abbot  and  convent 
of  the  Blaunchelaund,  had  suffered  from  the  frequent  inroads  of  the  enemies 
of  Scotland  ;  especially  for  their  loss  of  all  sorts  of  provisions  and  of 
standing  corn,  viz.,  forty  acres  of  wheat  and  rye,  a  hundred  acres  (of  oats  ?), 
a  hundred  acres  of  meadow,  and  five  hundred  sheep,  nothing  of  which 
has  been  restored,  so  that  for  want  they  are  dispersed  and  are  on  the 
road  to  ruin  unless  their  lord  the  king  come  to  their  aid  and  succour  for 
the  love  of  God  and  for  the  souls  of  his  honourable  ancestors.'  The 
petition  was  returned  in  order  that  they  might  state  how  and  where  the 
king  could  aid  them.*  Their  request  was  so  far  complied  with  that  the  king, 
at  Lincoln,  September  27th,  1327,  ordered  John  de  Carleton  to  deliver  to 
them  victuals  in  his  keeping  at  Newcastle  to  the  value  of  twenty  marks.^ 
On  the  following  day  he  granted  a  hundred  pounds  yearly  to  Thomas 
de  Rokesby,  who  had  led  the  king  within  view  of  his  enemies,  until  he 
should  have  the  promised  grant  of  ;^ioo  in  land  for  life.*  On  March  23rd, 
1328,  the  abbot  and  convent  had  a  licence  to  acquire  in  mortmain  land 
and  rent  not  held  in  chief,  to  the  yearly  value  of  ten  marks.'  This  enabled 
them  to  acquire  lands  in  Heddon-on-the-Wall  and  Whitchester  by  grant 
of  Nicholas  de  Houghton  in  1329.'' 

A  year  or  two  later  the  abbot  and  convent   '  of  the  Blauncheland  of 
the  county   of  Northumberland  '   sent   up  a   petition    to    the   king  couched 

'  'II  vinrent,  entours  miedi,  si  pries  des  Escos  que  il  les  vi  crent  tout  cleiemcnt,  et  li  Escot  yous 
ossi.'     Chroniques  de  J.  Froissart  (ed.  Luce). 

''  A  nostra  seignur  le  Roi  et  son  conseil  prient  ses  poures  chapelleyns  I'abbe  et  le  covent  de  la 
Blaunchelaund  qe  il  voil  pur  dieu  avoir  regard  de  lour  destruccions  et  damages  qe  il  ont  eux  par  les 
soveneres  venuz  des  enemys  Descoce.  Et  ore  drein  par  les  [illegible]  terre  de  totes  maneres  de 
purv-iaunces  et  des  bleez  cressantz  en  terre.  C'est  asavoir  de  .\I  acres  de  furment  et  de  segle.  Cent 
acres  [illegible]s  [illegiljlcjs.  Cent  acres  des  pretz  et  v'=  berbiz  issint  qe  riens  lour  est  remis  dont  pur 
defaute  il  sont  en  despercioun  et  enuoy  de  perdissioun  s'il  ne  [illegible]  eide  et  socour  de  nostre  seignur 
le  Roi  pur  I'amour  de  dieu  et  pur  les  ahnes  de  ses  honorables  auncestres.  (Endorsed.)  Se  avisent  de 
quele  cliose  le  Roi  les  pocit  eider  et  en  quel  lieu.     P.R.O.  Ancient  Petitions,  No.  1,682. 

"  Cal.  Close  Rolls,  i  Edvv.  III.  pt.  ii.  m.  11,  p.  170. 

■*  '  Nos  perduxerit  ad  visum  inimicorum  nostrorum  predictorujn  in  loco  duro  et  sicco.'  Pat.  Rolls, 
1  Edw.  III.  pt.  iii.  m.  22,  p.  168. 

'  Cat.  Pat.  Rolls,  1  Edw.  III.  pt.  i.  m.  14,  p.  253.  ■-  Ibid.  3  Edw.  111.  pt.  i.  m.  3,  p.  386. 


BLANCHLAND   TOWNSHIP.  321 

in  more  concrete  terms.  They  represented  that  they  had  been  quite  undone 
for  thirty  years  and  more  by  the  Scottish  war,  and  also  by  the  host  of  their 
lord  the  king  when  he  was  at  Stanhope  Park  ;  their  houses  had  been  burnt 
in  the  war  and  their  fields  lay  untilled,  so  that  they  were  reduced  to  beggary. 
Might  it  please  the  king  for  the  souls  of  his  ancestors  and  as  a  work  of 
charity  to  take  pity  on  their  poor  estate  and  to  grant  them  remission  of 
the  sum  of  £28  13s.  4d.  which  they  owed  for  victuals  that  they  took  in 
time  of  his  father  at  Newcastle  through  their  misfortunes  and  want  of 
sustenance  ;  the  debt  was  being  pressed  against  them  by  a  summons  from 
the  escheator  to  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland,  and  they  had  nothing  to 
pay  it  with  either  from  their  lands  or  anything  else.  The  council  agreed 
that  if  the  king  pleased  he  might  remit  the  debt  as  alms  ;  the  king  did 
so  please,'  and  on  October  8th,  1331,  granted  the  desired  relief.^ 

Two  years  later  Gilbert  de  Halghton,  the  receiver  of  the  king's  victuals 
at  Newcastle,  was  ordered  to  deliver  to  them  ten  quarters  of  wheat 
promised  by  the  king  out  of  his  special  favour,  '  having  compassion  on  them 
because  divers  of  their  granges  and  corn  have  been  divers  times  burnt  before 
this  time  and  of  late  by  the  Scots,  who  invaded  the  kingdom  with  a  great 
army.''  In  1355  Robert  de  Herle  obtained  the  king's  licence  to  grant  the 
church  of  Bolam  to  the  abbot  and  convent  for  the  support  of  certain 
chantries  and  other  works  of  piety,  for  the  soul  of  his  father  William  de 
Herle,  and  the  souls  of  all  the  faithful  departed.^  In  their  petition  to 
bishop  Hatfield  for  his  confirmation  of  this  grant,  the  abbot  and  convent 
asserted  that  owing  to  hostile  invasions  and  innumerable  depredations,  and 
also,  since  the  plague,  to  the  emigration  of  the  inhabitants  from  the  lonely 

'  A  nostre  seignur  le  Roi  piient  ces  poures  cliapeleins  I'abbe  et  covent  de  la  Blauncheland  del 
counte  de  Northumberland  qe  come  il  ount  este  destraitz  par  xxx  aunz  et  plus  par  la  guerre  Descoce 
et  aux  par  loste  nostre  seignur  le  Roi  quant  il  estoit  al  Park  de  Stanhope  issi  qe  par  la  dite  guerre  lour 
meisones  sont  ars  et  dcstruitz  et  lour  terres  gisent  frisches  par  quoi  il  sont  come  mendinantes  qil  pleise 
au  dit  nostre  seigneur  le  Roi  pur  les  almes  ses  ancestres  et  par  oure  de  charite  avoir  regard  a  lour  poure 
estat  et  les  graunter  pardoune  de  xxviii  li.  xiiis.  iiiid.  de  vitailes  qils  pristrent  en  temps  son  piere  a  Noef 
Chastel  sur  Tyne  pur  meschief  defaute  qe  adonqes  avoint  de  lour  sustenance  la  quele  dette  courte  sur 
eux  par  somons  del  escheker  au  viscount  de  Northumberland  issi  qils  ne  pount  profist  avoir  de  lour  terres 
ne  de  rien  qil  ount.  (Endorsed.)  II  semble  au  conseil  sil  plest  au  Roi  qe  aumoigne  serroit  au  Roi  pur 
les  grauntz  pertes  et  destruccions  qil  ount  suffert  par  la  guerre  Descoce  de  pardoner  la  dite  summe. 
11  plest  au  Roi.     P.R.O.  Ancient  Petitions,  No.  1,683. 

■  Cat.  Close  Rolls,  5  Edw.  III.  pt.  i.  p.  266. 

"  '  Pluries  ante  hec  tempora  jam  ultimo  per  Scotos  inimicos  nostros  qui  regnum  nostrum  in  inagno 
excercitu  hostiliter  invaserunt  sint  combusta  per  quod  status  eorundem  abbatio  et  conventus  deprimitur 
in  inmensum,  velimus  eisdem  abbati  et  con\  entui  in  auxilium  sustentacionis  sue  in  aliquo  subvenire  nos 
ad  premissa  consideracionem  habentes  et  ipsorum  statui  in  hac  parte  compairentes  concessimus  eis  de 
gracia  nostra  speciali  decem  quarteria  frumenti.'     Ibid.  7  Edw.  III.  pt.  i.  memb.  4,  p.  70. 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  29  Edw.  III.  pt.  ii.  memb.  i. 

Vol.  VI.  41 


322  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    ANDREW. 

desert  in  which  their  monastery  was  situated  to  more  fertile  parts  of  the 
country,  their  falling  rents  were  not  sufficient  to  enable  them  to  maintain 
themselves  and  show  hospitality.'  Bishop  Hatfield  confirmed  the  appro- 
priation April  12th,  1359,  reserving  a  pension  of  two  marks  to  himself 
and  his  successors." 

By  his  will,  dated  September  21st,  1397,  Sir  Ralph  Hastings,  knight, 
gave  ;^io  to  the  abbey  of  Blauncheland.* 

In  a  letter  in  French,  dated  at  Sherif-hoton  March  ist  [141 7],  Ralph, 
earl  of  Westmorland,  requests  John  Washington,  sacrist  of  Durham,  that 
a  suit  then  pending  between  the  said  sacrist  and  the  abbot  and  convent 
of  Blanchland  might  be  referred  to  arbitration.^  On  January  :oth,  14 18, 
sentence  against  the  abbot  and  convent  was  given.  The  subject  of  dispute 
was  the  tithe  of  wool,  arising  within  Fawderleye,  Hely-moors,  and 
Baliwode,   all  within   the  parish  of  Bywell  Peter.'* 

After  the  dissolution  of  the  smaller  religious  houses  under  the  statute 
passed  February  4th,  1535/6,  the  convent  was  refounded  by  Henry  VHI. 
on  January  30th,  1536/7,  in  order  'that  the  abbot  and  monks  may  devoutly 
attend  to  divine  worship,  and  exercise  hospitality  and  other  works  of  piety 
there.'  The  king  granted  '  that  William  Spragen,  professed  of  the  order, 
be  abbot  of  the  said  monastery,  and  be  reputed  and  accepted  for  abbot  and 
chief  governor  thereof,  as  he  was  before  February  4th  last.'  The  abbot  and 
convent  on  their  part  '  grant  by  these  presents  that  they  will  ever  well  and 
faithfully  keep  and  observe  all  rules,  ordinances,  constitutions  and  statutes, 
which  shall  be  provided,  assigned,  or  appointed  by  the  king  as  supreme  head 
of  the  English  church,  or  by  his  ministers  concerning  or  touching  the  good 
government  of  the  said  monastery.'  ^ 

'  Petitio  religiosorum  virorum  abbatis  et  conventus  monasterii  de  Alba  Landa  ordinis  premon- 
stratensis  nostre  dioces'  nobis  exhibita  continebat  quod  cum  bona  redditus  et  proventus  ad  idem 
monasterium  periinentia  per  hostiles  invasiones  et  depredationes  innumeras  ac  eciam  ex  eo  quod 
possessiones  super  quibus  monasterium  suum  fundatum  fuit  pro  magna  parte  in  loco  quasi  solitudinis 
sterili  et  minus  fructifero  in  respectu  existant  que  propter  carentiam  incolarum  et  inhabitatorum  qui  a 
tempore  pestilentie  loca  fertiliora  pro  eorum  habitatione  et  mora  elegerunt  inculta  remanent  et  quasi 
deserta  reddantur  tenues  et  exiles  quod  non  sufificiunt  ad  eorum  sustentationem  congruam  hospitalitatem 
servandam  et  alia  onera  eisdem  incumbentia  supportanda  in  subsidium  premissorum  et  relevamen 
monasterii  sui  predict!  et  cultus  divini  augmentum  ecclesiam  parochialem  de  Bolam  nostre  dioces'  in 
qua  jus  patronatus  obtinent  ipsis  et  eorum  monasterio  concedere  douare  unire  et  appropriare  canonice 
(iignaremur  fructusque  redditus  et  proventus  ejusdem  ipsorum  usibus  perpetuo  assignare,  etc.  Hodgson, 
Nurthumbcrland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  37,  and  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  33S. 

^  Ibid.  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  40  ;  pt.  ii.  vol.  i.  p.  339  ;  cf.  Hist.  Dun.  Scrip,  Ties.  p.  ccccvii.  ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  9. 

^  York  Wills,  Raine,  vol.  i.  p.  217  ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  4.  '  Dur.  Treas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  i,o8S. 

'  Ibid.  4"  s'""  Sacr.  No.  5.  '  Pat.  Rulls,  28  Hen.  \'III.  pt.  5,  No.  14. 


BLANCHLAND   TOWNSHIP.  323 

In  1537  Dr.  Legh  and  Dr.  Taylor,  the  visitors  of  northern  monasteries 
appointed  by  Henry  VIII.,  reported  that  the  girdle  of  blessed  Mary  was 
held  in  veneration  at  Blanchland,  that  the  earl  of  Westmorland  represented 
the  founder,  and  that  the  annual  revenue  was  ^40.'  No  charge  of  laxity 
was  alleged  against  the  house. 

The  earl  of  Westmorland,  writing  from  Brancepeth,  February  22nd, 
1538/g,  begs  Cromwell  to  let  him  have  Blanchland,  which  was  being  sought 
after  by  Sir  Reynold  Carnaby,  either  at  a  quit-rent  or  to  farm  for  years. 
He  explains  that  it  adjoins  his  forest  land  on  one  side,  and  a  lordship  of 
his  on  the  other.^ 

On  November  8th,  I.S39,  William  Grene  wrote  to  Dr.  Bellysez,  '  I  beg 
you  to  continue  my  good  master,  and  to  remember  that  it  was  my  lord's 
pleasure  you  should  put  me  in  your  book  for  preferment  to  the  abbey  of 
Alnewyk  or  Blauncheland,  Northumberland,  in  case  they  were  appointed  by 

the  commission  to  be  dissolved If  any  commission   come  into 

Cuinberland,  Westmorland,  or  Northumberland,  let  me  be  one,  as  I  am 
receiver  there.' ^ 

Blanchland  was  dissolved  a  second  time  in  1539,  the  house  being 
surrendered  on  December  iSth.  Three  days  later  pensions,  based  on  a 
not  illiberal  scale,  were  granted  to  the  canons  ;  to  William  Spragen,  the 
abbot,  ^10  per  annum,  and  to  William  Gierke,  the  sub-prior,  Thomas 
Lancastre,  John  Grosseley,  Thomas  Brown,  Thomas  Toppyng  and  Thomas 
Baxter,  the  brethren,  annual  pavments  varying  from  _2^"2  13s.  4d.  to  ^4  per 
annum  ;  to  the  two  novices,  Robert  Colpottes  and  Thomas  Carre,  pensions 
of  20s.  a  year  were  given.' 

BLAUNCHELAUND   NUPER    MONASTERIUM    in    CO^^ITATU    NORTHUMBRIE. 

The  Scite  of  the  late  house  with  demanez. 

The  site  of  the  late  house  withe  edificez  and  garthinges  adjonynge,  a  close  callyd  the  West- 

haughe,  a  close  callyd  Middell-haughe,  a  close  callyd  Este-haugh,  a  close  callyd  Cole-feld, 

a  close  callyd  Este-park,  one  close  callyd  Cowbyer-boge,  a  close   called  Shilden,  a  close 

callyd  Graunge-feld,  a  close  callyd  VVollrope,   and  one  close  callyd  Knapshawe,  in   the 

'  'ALBA  LANDA,  alias  liLANCHEl.AND.  Superstitio. — Et  hie  quoque  cinguluin  habent  beatae  Mariae, 
ut  creditur,  in  veneratione.  Fundator  comes  Westmoiland.  Redditus  annualis  xl  /.'  Hartslwrne,  p.  279  n  ; 
cf.  Cnl.  State  Papers  Domestic,  Hen.  VIII.  vol.  x.  p.  142. 

'"  Cat.  State  Papers  Dvmestic,  Hen.  VHI.  vol.  xiv.  pt.  i.  p.  133. 

The  earl  had  originally  solicited  the  grant  in  1536,  when  he  wrote  to  Cromwell,  '  Sir,  I  beseech  you 
have  me  in  remembrance  touching  th'abbay  of  Hlaunchelond,  and  the  priory  of  the  nuns  of  Keldhain  and 
my  old  suit,  and  I  will  do  therefor  as  much  as  any  other  will.'     Ibui.  vol.  x.  p.  154. 

'■'  Cat.  State  Papers  Domestic,  Henry  VIII.  vol.  xiv.  pt.  ii.  p.  172.  '  Iljici.  p.  259. 


324  THE    PARISH    OK    BVWEI.l,    ST.    ANDREW. 

Bl.AUNXHEI.AUND  NUPER   MON.'VSTERIUM    IN   COMITATU   NORTHUMBRIE  (continued). 

£     s.     d. 
countie  of   Nortluinibciland,   and   one  dary-howsc   with   th  appurtenannccs   rallyd   Allcn- 

shelles,  in  the  bishopiicke  of  Duiresham,  all  whiche  yroundes  be  mountane  groundes,  hcthe, 

and  morcsse,  pastour  and  course  medo,  with  common  of  paslour  unto  the  same  groundes 

belonging,  upon  the  more  and  mountanez  within  the  lordship  of  By  well,  in  the  countye  of 

Northumberland,  and  lyke  common  upon  the  morez  within  the  bishopricke  of  Durrcsham, 

extendinge  unto  the  places  callyd  Dedc  Frere,  Bawdinghop,  and    Bolteslaw,  late  in   the 

occupacion  of  the  sade  late  house,  all  which  be  worth  by  the  yere  over  all  charges  ...         6188 

Kirkharl  rcctoria.  Item,  the  parsonage  tlier,  with  all  maner  of  tythez  and  oblacions  there- 
unto belonging  over  and  above  the  vicar's  porcons  and  other  charges,  late  in  the  handcs  of 
the  house,  and  is  worth  by  yere  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  ...         ...         ...       3     3     4 

Heddon  rectoria.  Item,  the  parsonage  ther,  with  all  maner  of  tythez  and  oblacons  there- 
unto belonging  over  and  above  the  vicar's  porcions  and  other  charges,  late  in  the  handes  of 
the  house  by  yere         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...       50c 

Biwell  Andrewe  rectoria.  Item,  the  parsonage  ther,  with  all  maner  of  tythes  and  oblacons 
thereunto  belonging  over  and  above  the  vicar's  porcons  and  other  charges,  late  in  the 
handes  of  the  house,  and  is  worth  by  yere  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...       6  13     4 


Summa  totalis  parcellarum  praedictarum     ...         ...         ...  ;^2i    15     4 

E.xaminalur  per  me  Jacobum  Rokby,  auditorem. 
Fiat  dimissio  Willelmo  Grene,  Rycard  Ryche.' 

List  of  Abbots. 

1313.     William  de  Norton.  1327 cousin  to  the  Lord  Lindsay. 

1322.     John  de  Staynton.  1537-     William  Spragen. 

The  gross  income  of  the  house  was  ;2^44  9s.  i^d.  according  to  Speed,  or 
£j\o  9s.  according  to  Dugdale.' 

William  Grene's  application  to  Bellasis  was  not  unsuccessful,  for  on 
May  1st,  1540,  he  obtained  a  lease  for  the  term  of  21  years  of  Blanchland 
monastery,  with  its  rectories  of  Kirkharle,  Heddon,  and  Bywell  Andrew.^ 

In  consideration  of  the  sum  of  £2,2,70  19s.  id.,  paid  to  the  Court  of 
Augmentation,  certain  lands  at  Nunriding  belonging  to  the  dissolved  priory 
of  Holystone,  with  e.xtensive  estates  elsewhere,  the  site  of  Blanchland  and 
the  demesne  lands  there  were  granted  to  John  Bellow  and  John  Bro.xholme, 
July  4th,   1545.^ 

'  P.R.O.  Augmentation  Office,  Misc.  Books,  No.  399,  p.  338  ;  Monasteries,  Paper  Surveys. 

-Dugdale,  Monasticon  (ed.  Caley),  vol.  vi.  pt.  ii.  p.  886;  see  also  in  \'alor  Ecclesiasticus,  1535. 
Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  .\liii. 

According  to  a  roll,  32  Hen  VI IL,  abstracted  by  Dugdale  {Monasticon,  vol  vi.  pt.  ii.  p.  S87), 
the  possessions  of  the  abbey  comprised  lands,  rents,  find  terms  of  the  following  yearly  value:  pjlanchland 
demesne  lands,  £(:i  i8s.  8d.  ;  Durham  city,  ^4  lis.  2d.;  Heddon,  £i)  17s.;  Eachwick,  3s.  4d.  ; 
Newbiggin,  is.  ;  Marley  Cote-walls,  13s.  4d.  ;  Birkenside,  8s.  ;  Newcastle,  8s.  ;  Espes,  14s.  ;  Little 
Staynton,  £2  13s.  4d.  ;  Laton,  £2  13s.  4d.  ;  Westhaugh,  1 8s.  ;  Newfield,  near  Stanhope,  ^l  ; 
Frosterley,  us.;  Whitelhope,  19s.  id.;  Acton,  l6s.  8d.  ;  Wolsingham,  20s.  gd.  ;  Redemyre,  19s.  lod.  ; 
Langshepecote,  14s.  6d.  ;  Hexham,  13s.  4d.  ;  Haselwell,  Sd.  ;  Estrongside,  ics.  ;  Westwrongside,  12s.  ; 
Cowperhagh,  i6s.  8d.  ;  Bukkeshott,  13s.  4d. ;  the  rectory  of  Bolam,  £6;  the  rectory  of  Kirkharle, 
£3  3s.  4d.  ;  the  rectory  of  Bywell  .St.  .Andrew,  £6  13s.  4d.  ;  a  pension  from  Hexham,  £i  4s.  ;  the  glebe 
and  tithe  of  Shotley,  £1,  besides  certain  lands  at  Woodsidc  in  Kedesdale,  then  lying  waste. 

''  Cat.  State  Papers  Domestic,  Hen.  VIII.  vol.  xvi.  p.  720  ;   Grene  is  described  as  of  Heyle,  Wilts, 
'  Pat.  Rolls,  37  Hen.  VIII.  pt.  4. 


BLANCHLAND    TOWNSHIP.  y2C, 

The  site  of  the  late  monastery  of  Blaunchelond  now  dissolved,  with  all  its  rights,  members,  and 
appurtenances,  and  the  whole  circuit  and  precinct  of  the  said  monastery  and  all  vacant  land  and  soil  as 
well  without  as  near  to  the  said  site  and  circuit  and  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  the  said  monastery. 
Also  the  closes  called  Westhaugh,  Middelhaugh,  Easthaugh,  Cotefeld,  East-parke,  Cowbier  Bogg, 
Shilden,  Graungefeld,  Wollropp,  and  Knapshawe  in  Blaunchelond,  belonging  to  the  said  late  monastery ; 
the  house  and  messuage  called  '  le  dayre  house,'  tilias  Aleynsheles,  in  the  bishopric  of  Durham, 
belonging  to  the  said  late  monastery  of  Blaunchelond ;  common  of  pasture  on  the  moors  and  hills  as  well 
within  the  lordship  of  Bywell  as  within  the  bishopric  of  Durham,  extending  to  places  called  Ded  Frere, 
Bawdynghope  and  Bolteslawe  in  the  said  bishopric,  belongyng  to  the  said  late  monastery  ;  all  other 
messuages,  mills,  dovecots,  lands,  tenements,  and  commons  in  Blaunchelond  and  elsewhere  in  the  county 
of  Northumberland  and  the  bishopric  of  Durham  called  'lez  demeanes'  of  the  said  late  monastery,  now 
or  late  in  the  occupation  of  William  Grene.  The  woods  called  'le  east  parke'  in  Blaunchelond,  containing 
by  estimation  45  acres,  and  Cowbeyar  Coppe,  in  Blauncheland,  containing  by  estimation  20  acres ; 
wood  containing  by  estimation  40  acres  of  land  in  Bukshotte,  Aleynshildes,  and  Bolton's-borne,  co. 
Northumberland  [Durham].  Woods  called  Claxshall  and  Byrchensyde,  containing  by  estimation  50 
acres,  and  Shildon  Orove,  containing  by  estimation  10  acres  ;  wood  in  Acdenfeld,  containing  by 
estimation  10  acres  ;  all  belonging  to  the  said  late  monastery,  and  in  the  hands,  cultivation,  and 
occupation  of  the  abbot  and  convent  at  the  time  of  dissolution. 

The  tenement  called  Espas  and  land  in  Espas,  in  the  bishopric  of  Durham,  now  or  late  in  the 
occupation  of  John  Jolye  ;  the  tenement  called  Acden  and  land  in  Acden,  in  the  bishopiic  of  Durham, 
now  or  late  in  the  occupation  of  Geoffrey  Fetherstonehaugh  ;  the  tenement  and  lands  in  Bucksholte,  in 
the  bishopric  of  Durham,  now  or  late  in  the  several  occupations  of  Stephen  Chesebroughe  and  Richard 
Whitfeld;  all  belonging  to  the  said  late  monastery  ;  and  all  other  messuages  and  lands  in  Blaunchelond, 
Aleynsheles,  Espas,  Acden,  Bukkesholte,  and  elsewhere  in  the  county  of  Northumberland  [Durham] 
and  the  bishopric  of  Durham,  leased  or  occupied  with  the  premises  or  in  the  several  occupations  of 
the  said  William  Grene,  John  Jolye,  Geoffrey  Fetherstonhaugh,  Stephen  Chesebroughe,  and  Richard 
Whitfeld,  or  in  the  hands,  cultivation,  or  occupation  of  the  said  last  abbot  to  the  use  of  his 
household  at  the  time  of  dissolution. 

To  hold  the  site  of  the  said  late  monastery  of  Blaunchelond  and  the  premises  belonging  to  the  said 
monastery  of  the  king  in  chief  by  service  of  a  twentieth  part  of  one  knight's  fee  and  paying  yearly 
18s.  3id.  to  the  Court  of  Augmentation  in  name  of  a  tenth.' 

On  July  6th  of  the  same  year  Bellow  and  Broxholme  took  out  a  license 
to  alienate,  and  two  days  later  they  conveyed  the  premises  comprised  in 
the  grant  to  William  Farwell,  or  Farewell,  for  the  sum  of  ^200  14s.  8^d.- 

General  View  of  the  Lands  within  the  Survey  of  the  Court  of  AuGMENT.vnoN,  1558." 

Blaunchelande  nuper  Monasterium. 

£    s.      d. 

Blanchland  scitus  de  annuali  redditu  reservato...         ...         ...         ...         ...  o  iS     3^ 

Echewick       ...         "1  r        ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  034 

Newbigging  ...  I  messuagia  et  terrae  034 

Marley  Cotewall       J  I        o  13     4 

Novum  Castrum  super  Tinam  de  annuali  redditu  reservato    ...         ...         ...  o     o  10 

Birkenside     ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  o     S     o 

Westhaugh ...         ...         ...         ...  ...         ...         ...         ...  o  18     o 

Hesihvell  et  Watefeld  alias  Wathemanhope  de  annuali  redditu  reservato   ...  014 

Biwell  firma  molendin.  infra  dominum  ibidem  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  o   13     J 

Hersdeane  redditus  et  firma  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  g   17     i 

'  Pelt.  Rolls,  37  Hen.  VIII.  pt.  4.  -  Lord  Crewe's  Trustees'  Title  Deeds, 

'  P.R.O.  Rdiitals  ami  Sumys,  Jlj,  p.  369. 


326  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWEI.L    ST.    ANDREW. 

The  respite  granted  to  the  abbot  and  convent  had  been  nsed  to  arrange 
their  worldly  affairs.  Subsequently  they  were  accused  of  having  given  to 
the  Radcliffes  and  Swinburnes,  '  gentlemen  of  great  friendship,  kindred,  and 
alliance  with  most  of  the  honourable  and  worshipful  in  Northumberland,' 
'  sealed  blanks,'  or  grants  sealed  with  the  seal  of  the  convent  to  be  filled 
in  as  opportunity  should  arise.  The  validity  of  one  of  these  documents 
was  contested  in  a  suit  in  the  Court  of  E.xchequer  in  1586,  John  Ward 
being  plaintiff  and  Anthony  Radcliffe  and  Gilbert  Swinburne  defendants. 
The  document  purported  to  be  a  deferred  lease,  granted  in  1537,  for  a 
term  of  99  years  of  the  rectory  of  Bvwell  St.  Andrew  at  the  reserved 
rent  of  30s.  granted  by  the  abbot  and  convent  to  Cuthbert  Blunt  and  John 
Swinburne.  Swinburne's  interest  in  the  one  moiety  had  fallen  into  the 
hands  of  the  Crown  on  his  attainder  in  1569,  and  had  been  granted  to  Sir 
John  Forster.  Blunt's  interest  in  the  other  moiety  had  been  acquired  by 
Anthony  Radcliffe  apparently  by  his  marriage  with  the  widow  of  William 
Farewell  of  Blanchland,  Blunt's  assign  or  sub-lessee.^  It  was  probably  a 
similar  case  which  induced  Oswald  Mitford  to  procure  Letters  Patent  on 
June  loth,  1589,  with  an  exemplification  of  Henry  VIII. 's  refoundation 
charter  of  January  30th,    1536/7.^ 

In  a  suit  heard  in  the  Court  of  Exchequer  in  1590,  it  is  stated  that 
the  abbey  of  Blanchland  before  the  dissolution  was  a  cell  of  the  abbey  of 
Shap  in  Westmorland,'  but  no  evidence  has  been  found  to  support  the 
assertion. 

Of  William  Farewell,  the  purchaser  of  Blanchland,  little  is  known 
except  that  his  widow  became  the  second  wife  of  Anthony  Radcliffe,'' 
and  that  his  daughter  and  co-heiress,  Margery  Farewell,  became  the  wife  of 
Anthony  Radcliffe's  son,  Cuthbert  Radcliffe,  who  in  her  right  became  of 
Blanchland. 

'  All  from  Exchequer  Depositions  on  Commission,  29  Eliz.  Hilary  Term,  No.  20.  Exchequer  Decrees 
and  Orders,  series  i.  book  7,  p.  125  ;  also  book  8,  p.  I  ;  also  book  16,  p.  ;^;^  ;  also  book  17,  p.  12. 

■  Printed  in  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  87. 

'  '  The  said  abbey  of  Blanchland  was  a  cell  of  Shappa  Abbey.'  Exchequer  Decrees  and  Orders, 
32  Eliz.  series  i.  book  16,  p.  33. 

Shap  was  founded  by  Thomas,  son  of  Gospatric,  in  the  latter  part  of  the  reign  of  Henry  II.  Cf. 
Dugdale,  Monasticon,  vol.  vi.  p.  S6S. 

■'  January  12th,  1568/9.  Licence  to  Cuthbert  Ralcliffe,  son  and  heir  apparent  of  Anthony  Ratcliffe, 
esq.,  and  Margery,  wife  of  the  said  Cuthbert,  to  alienate  to  John  Carnaby  and  Reginald  Carnaby  and 
the  heirs  of  John  'the  site  of  the  late  monastery  of  Blanchland  and  5  messuages,  i  cottage,  2  tofts, 
I  water-mill,  i  fulling-mill,  I  dovecot,  2  gardens,  2  orchards,  300  acres  of  land,  70  acres  of  meadow,  200 
acres  of  pasture,  40  acres  of  wood,  300  acres  of  furze  and  heath,  and  500  acres  of  moor  in  Blanchland, 
Bywell,  ijyrkeside,  Cowbyer,  and  Akden,'  with  divers  lands  and  tithes  in  Shotley,  etc.,  held  of  the  queen 
in  chief.     Pat.  Rolls,  1 1  Eliz.  pt.  3. 


BLANCHLAND    TOWNSHIP. 


327 


FAREWELL    AND    RADCLIFFE    OF    BLANCHLAND. 


William      Farewell 

chased  Blaiichland  in  1545 
(f)  ;  died  25th  August,  1551 
(a)  ;  will  dated  30th  July, 
1551  ;   to  be  buried  at  Shotley 


pur- ^  Jane,  daughter  of: 
John  Carr  of  Hetton, 
wife  1st  of  William 
Farewell,  and  2nd 
of  Anthony  Rad- 
cliffe  («). 


Anthony  Radcliffe  second  son  of  Sir  =  Margaret,      daughter 


Cuthbert  Radcliffe  of  Dilston, 
knight  ;  will  dated  15th  September, 
'595  i  proved  14th  November, 
1595  (■'')• 


of  William  Carnaby 
of  Halton;  1st  wife 
of  Anthony  Rad- 
cliffe. 


Anne(or  Agnes),  young- 
er dau.  and  co-heiress ; 
mar.  John  Swinburne 
of  Wylam,  nephew*  of 
John  Swinburne  of 
Chopwell ;  died  s.p, 
27th  Oct.,  1566  (a). 


Margery,  elder  = 
daughter  and 
co-heiress  of 
William  Fare- 
well, was  17 
years  of  age 
in  1566  (a). 


I 
:  Cuthbert  Radcliffe  of , 
Blanchland,y«;-^  ux- 
oris^  died  22nd  July, 
161 2  (a)  ;  will  dated 
30th  March,  161 2  ; 
pr.  2Ist  Jan.,  1614 
(/■)  ;  to  be  buried  in 
Blanchland  chapel. 


I 

Margaret,  dau.  Margaret, 

of        Robert  married 

Lambton     of  John 

Lambton  ((5) ;  Featherston- 

named  in  her  halgh  of 

husband's  will  Stanhope 

(/)■  («)• 


Jane,  dau.  of  Anthony 
Radcliffe  (heijess  of 
her  half-sister.  Margery 
Radcliffe)  {/) ;  mar. 
Nicholas  Forster  of 
Hamburgh  Castle,  and 
also  of  Blanchland 
iuve  uxoris    {e).    ^ 


John  Radcliffe  (J>\  died  at  Nether- 
witton  s.p. ;  administration  of  his 
personal  estate,  Sth  May,  1641, 
granted  to  William  Radcliffe, 
the  brother  (^). 


I 
Anthony  Radcliffe,  to  whom  his 
grandfather  gave  the  lease  of  the 
tithe  corn  of  Riding  and  Broom- 
haugh  (/')  ;  living  1633  ;  died  s.p. 
before  October,  1647  {/). 


I 
William  Radcliffe 
(n),  will  dated 
22nd  Oct.,  1647 
(c) ;  died  same 
month  {d'). 


*   That  is,   nephew  of  the  half-blood. 

(a)  Surtees  Durham^  vol.  i.  pt.  ii.  p.  32. 

{ji)   Durham  \Vr//s,  Greenwell,  vol.  ii.  pp.  63,  325. 

(f)   Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'S,'  pp.  102,  i 


Jane  (.5),  sister  and  heiress  of 
William  Radcliffe ;  mar.  1st 
Nicholas  Thornton  of  Nether- 
witton,  and  2nd  John  Witham 
ofCliffe;  liv.Oct.,  1651(a). 
4- 


03. 


(</)     Ca/.  Com. /or  Comp.  pp.  2,591,  3,281. 
(f)     Lord  Crewe's  Trustees'  Title  Deeds. 
(/)   Raine,  Test.  Diinelm. 
(^)   Raine,  Test.  Ekor. 


Evidences  to  Farewell  and  Radcliffe  Pedigree. 

Blanchland.  De  Brevi  directo  Escaetori  ad  liberandum  Cuthberto  Radcliffe  et  uxor!,  cohaerede  Willelmi 
Farewell,  seisnam  de  situ  nuper  mon.  de  Alba  Landa.  Mich.  Rec.  8  Eliz.  rot.  39  et  43.  Dugdale,  Monastkon, 
vol.  vi.  p.  886. 

Cuthbert  Radcliffe  of  Blanchland,  esq.,  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Robert  Lambton  of  Lambton,  who  by  his 

will,  dated  gth  March,  1582/3,  gives  '  to  my  sonne  Radcliffe  of  his  wyffe's  dower,  £10,' and  to  '  my  doughter 

Radcliffe for  a  token,  one  double  duckett.'     Durham  Wills,  Greenwell,  p.  63  ;  Surt.  See.  No.  38. 

I595i  iS'h  September.  Will  of  Anthonye  Radcliffe  of  Blanchelande,  within  the  parishe  of  Shoteley,  esquire. 
To  Anthonye,  Sonne  of  my  sonne  Cuthbart  Radcliffe,  all  the  interest  I  have  of  the  tythe  corne  cominge  and  growynge 
of  the  feildes  of  the  Redinge  and  Bromehaughe  during  his  life  ;  to  Jane,  daughter  of  my  sonne  Cuthbart  aforesaid, 
c  ewes  and  vj  kyne  ;  to  John,  sonne  to  my  said  sonne  Cuthbart,  £(>  13s.  4d.  ;  to  William,  sonne  to  my  said  sonne 
Cuthbart,  £^ ;  to  Jane,  daughter  to  my  said  sonne  Cuthbart,  two  fether-beddes  with  all  necessarie  things 
to  them  apertayninge  ;  to  my  man,  Christofer  Redshaw,  40s.  ;  to  Thomas  Milne,  20s. ;  to  Margaret  Welberye,  20s. 
The  reste  of  my  goodes,  etc.,  to  my  sonne  Cuthbart  Radcliffe,  whom  I  make  executor.  Proved  14th  November,  1595. 
Ibid.  p.  325. 

161 2,  30th  March.  \Vill  of  Cuthbert  Radclyfe  of  Blauncheland,  esq.  To  be  buried  within  the  chappell  of 
Blauncheland.  I  give  to  my  wife  Margaret  and  my  son  John  Radclyfe  my  insight  geare,  etc.  ;  I  give  to  my  son 
John  three  gilt  gobletts  of  silver,  with  a  cover ;  to  my  son  Anthony  Radclyfe,  ;^'200  dew  to  me  in  1613  at  the  hands  of 
John  Richeson  of  Durham,  publique  notarie  ;  to  my  son  William  Radclyfe,  ;^200  dew  to  me  by  the  same  ;  to  Anthony 
Radclyfe,  my  son,  ^^30  in  satisfaction  of  certaine  tearme  uf  yeares  of  the  tyth  corne  of  the  tyth  of  Bromehaugh  which 
I  had  tor  his  use  by  the  guift  of  my  father,  Anthony  Radclyfe,  deceased  ;  to  my  son  Nicholas  Thorneton,  two  angells 
for  a  token  of  remembrance,  and  the  like  to  my  daughter  Jane,  his  wife  ;  to  Margaret  Thornton,  their  daughter,  one 
angell,  and  to  Nicholas  Thornton,  their  son,  £i.  My  brother  Sir  Nicholas  Tempest,  knight,  my  nephew  Thomas 
Tempest,  esq.     Raine,  Test.  Diitielm. 

1663,  29th  October.  Will  of  John  Radcliffe.  To  my  brother  Anthony  my  rtctory  of  Bywell  Andrew  and  the 
chapel  of  Sl.aley  ;  to  my  brother  William  my  moiety  of  the  corn  tithe  of  Chester[-le-Street].  They  executors. 
Abstract  of  title  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  rectory  ;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  S,'  pp.  102-103. 

1647,  22nd  October.  Will  of  William  Radcliffe.  1  give  the  tithe  of  Slaley  and  the  rectory  of  Bywell  Andrew  to 
my  sister,  Jane  Witham.     Ilnd. 


328  THE    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

By  a  settlement  dated  July  26th,  1568,  Ciithbert  Radcliffe,  son  and 
heir  of  Anthony  Radcliffe,  and  Margery,  wife  of  the  said  Cuthbert,  convey 
to  John  and  Reginald  Carnaby  lands  at  Nukton,  Buckshott,  and  Allen- 
shields  in  trust  for  the  said  Cuthbert  and  Margery,  and  the  heirs  of  the 
body  of  the  said  Margery,  lemainder  to  the  heirs  of  the  body  of  the  said 
Margery,  remainder  to  Jane  Radcliffe,  daughter  of  the  said  Anthony.' 
If  this  be  correct,  Jane  Radcliffe,  who  eventually  succeeded  to  Blanchland 
and  became  wife  of  Nicholas  Forster  of  Bamburgh,  cannot  have  been 
daughter  of  Cuthbert  and  Margery  as  represented  by  Mr.  Surtees  in  his 
pedigree  of  Radcliffe;^  but  she  may  have  been  and  probably  was  half-sister 
to  both  of  them,  that  is  to  say,  daughter  of  Jane  Carr  (mother  of  Margery 
Farewell)  by  her  second  marriage  with  Anthony  Radcliffe  (father  of 
Cuthbert  Radcliffe). 

Jane,  wife  of  Nicholas  Forster,  died  in  1606,  and  was  succeeded  by 
her  son.  Sir  Claudius  Forster.  At  the  death  of  the  latter,  about  1623,' 
Blanchland  passed  into  the  possession  of  his  widow.  Dame  Elizabeth 
Forster,  as  parcel  of  her  dower  ;  in  1651  she  was  accused  of  having  assisted 
'the  enemies  (of  the  Commonwealth)  in  the  late  wars  with  money,  horse, 
and  entertainment.'*  Dame  Elizabeth  Forster  in  1663  was  assessed  for  the 
demesne  lands  of  Blanchland,  comprising  Cowbyers,  Birkside,  Newbegin, 
Mount  Ryall  and  Acton,  and  for  Brough-house,  and  Spence-hall,  in  the 
parish  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  Haddrybourne,  in  Hexhamshire,  Budle  and 
Newtown,  Belford,  Easington,  etc." 

Blanchland  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665.'' 

The  Lady  Forster,  lo  chimneys  ;  William  Dinon,  Robert  Warde,  Henry  Guest,  Thomas  Emmerson, 
George  Wilkinson,  each  i  chimney  ;  Joseph  Makepeace,  George  Dodd,  Thomas  Pottes,  Richard  Ellison, 
John  Whitfeild,  not  payable. 

The  following  is  an  ab.stract  of  an  inventory  of  Dame  Elizabeth 
Forster's  goods,  preserved  in  the  Probate  Registry  at  Durham : 

'  Lord  Crewe's  Trustees'  Title  Deeds.  '-'  Surtees  Durham,  vol  i.  pt.  ii.  p.  32. 

'  Sir  Claudius  Forster  seems  to  have  died  at  Blanchland.  His  will  is  printed  in  vol.  i.  of  this  work, 
p.  162. 

'  Cal.  of  Com.  for  Advance  of  Money  Cases,  vol.  iii.  p.  1,330.  For  the  information  of  Lady  Forster's 
servant,  John  Elrington  of  Blanchland,  taken  in  1664,  concerning  the  plots  of  the  period  see  Up.  Cusiii's 
Correspondence,  Ornsby,  pp.  314,  315  ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  55. 

^  Book  of  Rates,  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  pp.  245,  247,  2S6,  287,  292,  293,  313,  ^-^^ii  334- 
"  P.R.O.  Subsidy  Roll,  jg;|. 


BLANCHLAND   TOWNSHIP.  329 

An  inventory  of  the  goods  and  chattels  of  Dame  EHzabeth  Forster,'  late  of  Blanchland,  deceased, 
taken  and  apprised  November  17th,  1665,  by  Robert  Ward,  William  Denning,  Mathew  Eggleston,  and 
Richard  Ellison.     Exhibited  at  Durham  by  Elizabeth  Fenwick,  the  administratrix. 

At  Blanchland :  her  wearing  purse  and  apparrell,  with  the  furniture  of  her  owne  chamber,  ^^30  ;  in 
the  tower  chamber,  furniture,  ;/^20  ;  in  the  cloyster  chambers  and  parlers,  /^2o  ;  pewter  and  brass  in  the 
kitchen,  ^10;  plowes,  wains,  and  husband  furniture,  ^5  ;  brewing  vessell  and  other  wood  vessell,  ^5  ; 
swine  and  geese,  £2  ;  hives  and  bees,  £2  ;  hay  and  corne,  ^50  ;  oxen,  ^56  ;  kine,  ^82  5s.  ;  quies, 
£i<)  5$.;  other  young  beasts,  ^80;  horses  and  mairs,  £7^;  weathers,  ^80;  ewes,  £^\  ;  hoggs,  £^1. 
Total,  ^591  los. 

In  Lady  Forsters  houses  in  Durham:  pewter,  £^  is.  6d.  ;  brass  and  old  iron,  £2  i8s.  6d.  ;  cubbai'ts, 
tables,  and  wood  things,  ^3  los.  od.  ;  three  poor  beds,;^2  los.  od. ;  a  box  of  old  books,  ^i.     Total,  ^14. 

Further,  by  way  of  inventory  :  in  gold  and  money,  ^580  ;  in  bonds  desperate  being  nineteen, 
^345  OS.  8d.  ;  in  five  several  bonds  supposed  to  be  good,  £(>99s.  3d.     Total,  ^'1,599  19s.  iid. 

Arrearages  of  rent  and  accounts  not  yet  known,  for  which  libertie  is  hoped,  to  add  to  this  said 
inventory  when  requisite. 

On  Dame  Elizabeth  Forster's  death  Blanchland  reverted  to  her 
husband's  grand-nephew,  Sir  William  Forster,  knight,  of  Bamburgh,  who 
died  in  1674,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  William. 

AVKTON,    COWBYERS,   AND    BlENCHLAND   SUBSIDY  OR   HEARTH   TAX   ROLL,    1675.= 

Mr.  Jo.  Eggelston,'  4  chimneys  ;  Andrew  Roe,  2  chimneys  ;  John  Marshall,  Michael  Wilkinson 
Thomas  Enimerson,  Robert  Wilkinson,  John  Oarde,  James  Huchinson,  George  Willson,  John  Stanipt, 
Nicholas  Blaike,  George  Midleton,  Richard  Davison,  Elizabeth  Denon  each  one  chimney. 

A  court  baron  of  William  Forster,  esq.,  was  held  at  Blanchland, 
November  30th,  1699,  being  presided  over  by  William  Carr,  gentleman, 
as  steward.^  William  Forster  died  in  the  following  year,  and  was  quickly 
followed  to  the  grave  by  his  only  surviving  brother  Ferdinando,  the  last 
male  heir  of  the  Forsters  of  Bamburgh,  who  was  murdered  in  1701  by 
John  Fenwick  of  Rock/  The  estates  were  deeply  involved,  and  the 
creditors  exhibited  bills  in  chancery  against  Lady  Crewe  and  Thomas 
Forster  of  Adderston,  the  younger,  the  heirs  general  of  Sir  William  Forster. 
The  monastery  and  manor  of  Blanchland,  with  Bamburgh  and  other  estates, 
were  sold  by  order  of  the  court,  and  were  purchased  in  1704  by  Nathaniel, 
Lord  Grewe,  bishop  of  Durham. 

'  Sir  Thomas  Swinburne,  knight,  died  at  Blanchland  'on  Wednesday,  the  29th  day  of  April,  1645, 
at  about  6  o'clock,  in  the  presence  of  Ladie  Forster,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Fenwick,  John  Applebie  (.Appleby 
was  Lady  Forster's  factor  ;  see  vol.  i.  of  this  work,  p.  162),  John  Teasdaile,  Thomas  Massam,  and  others.' 
On  the  previous  Monday,  by  a  nuncupative  will,  he  'directed  that  Ladie  Forster  should  receive  all  he 
died  possessed  of,  after  funeral  expenses  were  paid  and  the  poor  discharged.'     Durham  Probate  Registry. 

Sir  Thomas  Swinburne  was  a  delinquent,  and  his  goods  were  sequestered.  He  fled,  and  was 
protected  by  Lady  Forster.     Cal.  Com.  for  Comp,  Cases,  pp.  179,  584. 

-  P.R.O.  Subsidy  Roll,  iff. 

"  The  Egglestons  were  of  Hunstanworth  ;  a  pedigree  may  be  found  in  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  367. 

'  Bell  Collection.  '■"  See  vol.  i.  of  this  work,  pp.  157,  164. 

Vol.  VL  42 


330  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI-I,    ST.    ANDREW. 

The  history  of  Lord  Crewe's  charity  has  been  already  told  in  tiie  first 
volume  of  this  work,  but  since  that  account  was  written  Raniburgh,  which 
had  been  sold  bv  the  trustees  to  the  late  Lord  Armstrong,  has  passed  into 
the  hands  of  his  successor,  Mr.  W.  A.  Watson-Armstrong.  Blanchland ' 
still  belongs  to  the  charity.' 

The  Church. 

From  the  dissolution  of  the  religious  houses  to  the  year  1752  the  abbey 
church  stood  unused'  and  ruinous,  while  the  district  was  regarded  as  parcel 
of  the  chapelrv  of  Shotley,  which  again  was  ministered  to  by  stipendiary 
curates  appointed  by  the  vicars  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew.  In  that  year  the 
township  of  Blanchland  was  constituted  a  sub-chapelry  or  ecclesiastical 
district,  the  church  being  repaired  and  fitted  up  by  the  trustees  of  Lord 
Crewe's  charity,  and  re-opened  for  divine  service  on  December  14th.  The 
governors  of  Queen  Anne's  bounty  provided  ^,40,  and  Lord  Crewe's 
trustees  ^^30  a  year  for  the  stipend  of  a  curate.^  In  1891  the  township 
of  Newbiggin,  which  up  to  that  time  had  maintained  its  immediate 
connection  with  Shotley  chapel,  was  divided  for  ecclesiastical  purposes, 
the  southern  and  greater  portion  being  annexed  to  Blanchland,  the  northern 
and  detached  portion  to  Whitley  chapel." 

The  church  of  the  abbey,  now  that  of  the  present  parish,  presents  many 
difficulties  of  explanation.  It  might  be  expected  that,  unless  there  was 
already  a  church  on  the  spot,  one  would  have  been  commenced,  if  not 
completed,  at  the  time  of  the  establishment  there  of  the  Praemonstraten- 
sian  house  in  11 65.  Of  such  a  building  there  is  no  trace  whatever,  not 
a  single  stone  being  now  visible  which  can  be  regarded  as  earlier  than 
the  thirteenth  century.  As  the  present  remains  show,  the  first  church 
built    after    the    foundation  seems  to  have   been  one  of  a   little  before  the 

'  '  Blanchland  Races,'  a  tune  for  the  small  pipes,  is  printed  in  the  Northumbrian  Minstrelsy. 

•  At  a  court  held  July  6th,  1785,  it  was  'presented  by  the  jury  that  there  are  no  stocks  within  this 
manor  for  the  confinement  and  punishment  of  offenders,  and  ordered  that  a  pair  of  stocks  shall  be 
forthwith  erected  on  a  parcel  of  ground  about  six  yards  distant  from  the  great  door  or  gate  le.ading  to 

the  church It  is  further  presented  that  the  pound  fold  in  the  said  manor  is  now  out  of  repair, 

the  walls  thereof  requiring  to  be  pointed,  and  the  top  of  the  walls  therein  are  failed  down,  etc' 
Minute  Book  in  the  custody  of  Mr.  W.  T.  Hindmarsh. 

'  John  Wesley  visited  Blanchland  on  Tuesday,  March,  1747,  and  preached  in  the  churchyard  '  upon 
a  large  tombstone,  round  which,  while  I  was  at  prayers,  all  the  congregation  kneeled  down  on  the  grass. 
They  were  gathered  out  of  the  lead  mines  from  all  parts  ;  many  from  Allandale  six  miles  off.  A  row  of 
little  children  sat  under  the  opposite  wall,  all  quiet  and  still.'  'The  little  town,'  at  that  time,  was  'little 
more  than  a  heap  of  ruins.'     Wesley's  Journal,  March  24th,  1747. 

'  Randal,  State  0/  the  Churches.  ''  London  Gazette,  29th  February,  1891. 


-vi.-^- 


r. 


ft' 


BmM'^ 


I'M 


,:   *!?•  i\ 


BLANCHLAND   TOWNSHIP.  33  I 

middle  of  that  century,  and  it  is  very  unlikely  that,  if  one  had  been  erected 
towards  the  end  of  the  preceding  century,  it  would  be  entirely  rebuilt 
within  a  hundred  years  of  its  construction.  An  entire  rebuilding  of  the 
church  took  place  at  Durham,  when  William  de  St.  Carilef  replaced  the 
cathedral  commenced  by  bishop  Ealdhun  in  995  by  the  present  one,  the 
foundations  of  which  were  laid  in  1093.  But  at  Durham  the  change  in  the 
constitution  of  the  body  from  the  old  congregation,  of  neither  monks  nor 
regular  canons,  to  a  Benedictine  monastery  rendered  such  a  proceeding 
desirable  if  not  absolutely  necessary,  whereas  at  Blanchland  the  position 
remained  practically  the  same.  What  the  explanation  may  be  it  is  very 
difficult  to  say;  the  canons  must  have  had  not  only  a  church  in  which  to 
carry  on  the  required  services,  but  domestic  buildings  of  various  kinds  for 
their  daily  life  and  maintenance.  Nor  is  it  probable  that  the  earliest 
buildings  were  of  wood,  for  in  the  locality  stone  was  more  readily  available 
than  wood,  a  consideration  that  may  be  regarded,  irrespective  of  the  fact 
that  at  the  period  in  question  stone  had  become  the  ordinary,  indeed  the 
universal,  material  for  churches  and  other  offices  of  religious  communities. 
The  buildings  erected  for  the  use  of  the  body  on  its  foundation  must 
have  been  of  a  temporary  and  provisional  nature,  for  the  circumstances  of 
the  case  appear  to  make  it  certain  that  nothing  which  could  be  regarded 
as  a  fitting  architectural  structure  was  constructed  during  the  twelfth 
century.  Whatever  the  original  conditions,  the  existing  remains  indicate 
that  the  church,  and  probably  the  domestic  parts  of  the  abbey  which 
served  the  purposes  of  the  abbot  and  canons  during  medieval  times,  were 
the  work  of  two  or  more  dates  during  the  thirteenth  century. 

The  church  then  built,  which  may  be  placed  about  the  year  1225, 
consisted  of  a  choir  and  nave,  without  transepts,  aisles  or  tower.  All 
that  is  left  of  that  church  is  the  north  wall  of  the  choir  and  some  portion 
of  the  wall  on  the  south  side.  Later  additions  did  not  increase  its  area 
to  any  great  extent,  which  consisted  of  a  north  transept  with  an  aisle  or 
chapels,  and  a  tower  at  its  north  end. 

The  buildings  were  of  a  simple  character  and  were  not  extensive. 
In  addition  to  the  church  there  was  a  cloister  garth  on  the  south  side, 
surrounded  bv  the  usual  domestic  buildings ;  those  on  the  west  side  of 
the  garth  (now  occupied  by  the  inn  called  'The  Lord  Crewe  Arms,') 
comprise  several  portions  of  what  probably  formed   the  guest-house.     The 


T^2,'2  THE    r.VKISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

cottages  on  the  south  side,  built  hugely  of  medieval  stones  and  exhibiting 
old  niasonrv  in  the  lower  courses,  no  doubt  represent  the  site  of  the 
frater,  etc.  There  is,  unfortunately,  no  visible  evidence  remaining  of  the 
eastern  range  except  the  returned  member  of  the  plinth  course  at  the  point 
D  on  the   plan,  which  suggests  that  there  was  a  building  there. 

The  gatehouse  to  the  west  of  the  church  is  apparently  on  the  site  of 
the  ancient  one.  Like  the  guest-house  and  the  frater,  it  has  been  rebuilt 
on  more  than  one  occasion,  and  is  now  tenanted.  On  the  general  view 
the  whole  of  the  buildings  which  now  form  the  village  are  shewn,  and 
the  church  can  be  easily  distinguished  with  the  gatehouse,  and  the  inn 
standing  between  them. 

The  earliest  and  chief  member  of  the  group  of  buildings  is  the  original 
choir,  commenced  about  1225,  restored  1752,  and  now  used  as  the  parish 
church.  The  dark  shading  on  the  plan  indicates  the  eastern  section  of 
the  original  choir.  In  its  present  form,  the  choir  measures  sixty-four 
feet  five  inches  in  length  by  twenty-seven  feet  six  inches  in  breadth. 

As  has  already  been  stated,  the  ancient  masonrv  of  the  choir  is  confined 
to  the  north  and  south  walls,  the  east  wall  being  entirely  modern  above 
the  level  of  the  plinth  course,  and  the  west  wall  being  built  when  the 
present  parish  church  was  constructed.  In  the  north  wall  are  two  lancet 
windows  of  two  chamfered  orders  and  hood-moulding  on  both  the  interior 
and  e.xterior  ;  the  inner  order,  which  is  supported  by  nook  shafts,  has 
moulded  capitals  and  bases,  and  on  both  sides  there  is  a  moulded  string 
at  the  level  of  the  sill.  A  similar  window  remains  in  the  south  wall, 
where  also  there  are  sedilia,  consisting  of  three  trefoil-headed  seats  ;  the 
heads  are  carried  on  shafts  with  moulded  caps  and  bases.  The  wall  has 
been  thickened  at  the  back  of  the  sedilia  on  the  exterior  as  indicated 
by  the  plinth  moulding.  The  window  over  the  place  is  not  contemporary, 
and  is  of  uncertain  date.  To  the  west  of  the  sedilia  is  the  moulded 
jamb  of  a  doorway  referred  to  below.  The  east  end  is  now  pierced  by 
three  modern  lancets  between  buttresses.  Whether  the  ancient  buttresses 
(the  external  plinth  mouldings  are  original)  finished  below  the  sill  level  as 
at  Bywell  church  or  resembled  those  now  flanking  the  east  end,  it  is 
impossible  to  say.  There  is  no  chancel  arch  and  the  extent  and 
arrangement  of  the  original  choir  are  not  apparent.  It  is  very  difficult 
to  ascertain  the  size  of  the  original  nave,    nor  does  it   appear  possible   to 


f 


*fr'  «».. 


i«M.' 


BLANCHLAND    TOWNSHIP. 


333 


do  that  otherwise  than  by  excavation.  The  north  wall  certainly  pro- 
ceeded westwards  beyond  the  buttress  at  A  on  the  plan,  and  if  the 
arrangement  of  the  buildings  were  a  normal  one,  the  nave  would  extend 
the  length  of  the  north  cloister  wall,  and  would  include  the  fragment 
of  walling  at  its  west  end,  possibly  proceeding  to  the  point  B  in  the 
north  wall  of  the  adjoining  building,  in  which  are  two  openings,  one  (the 
west)  facing  to  the  exterior  and  the  other  opening  to  the  interior. 
The  west  wall  of  the  nave  of  Bayhani  and  Easby  abbeys  is  so  placed 
in  relation  to  the  claustral  buildings.  On  the  cloister  side  of  the  piece 
of  walling  just  referred  to  is  a  short  length  of  plinth  moulding,  and  on 
the  north  side  there  is  the  outline  of  a  lancet  window,  and  below  it  a 
double  piscina  shown  on  the  accompanying  block.  If  the  piscina  be  in 
situ,  it  occupies  a  most 
unusual  position,  placed 
as  it  is  at  the  west  end 
of  an  aisleless  nave,  but 
it  is  probably  an  inser- 
tion,, and  has  been  re- 
moved from  the  choir, 
where  no  trace  of  a 
piscina  is  to  be  found. 
It  is  below  the  level  of 
the    churchyard,  and  is 

not  easily  to  be  seen.  Close  to  it  are  two  or  three  stones,  slightly 
recessed,  as  if  to  give  a  bond  for  a  screen  or  other  wall  ;  eastwards 
again  is  a  half  round  pilaster,  and  still  further  to  the  east  the  jamb  of  a 
doorway  opening  into  the  north  wall  of  the  cloister. 

The  transept,  which  measures  twenty-seven  feet  in  length,  has  an 
eastward  aisle  of  two  bays.  It  is  an  addition  to  the  church,  erected  not 
long  after  the  choir  was  built  ;  the  external  plinth  of  the  choir  is  visible 
on  the  inside  of  the  aisle.  The  uneven  joints  of  the  jambstones  of  the 
arch  indicate  that  it  has  been  broken  through  an  existing  wall.  The 
arch  opening  is  very  tall,  and  the  section  of  the  jamb  is  a  large  filletted 
shaft,  flanked  with  quarter  round  and  chamfered  members  and  moulded 
capitals  and  bases.  The  arch  is  of  three  chamfered  orders,  with  a  hood 
moulding    towards   the    transept.       The   arches    opening    into    the    aisle    or 


The  Piscina,  West  End  of  Nave. 


334  '^^^-    PARISH    OF    BYWELL    ST.    ANDREW. 

chapels  on  the  east  side  are  of  two  chamfered  orders  with  hood-moulding, 
and  spring  in  the  middle  from  a  large  cylindrical  pier  and  at  the  sides 
from  moulded  octagonal  brackets.  The  transept  is  lighted  on  the  west 
side  by  two  windows  of  two  pointed  lights  under  a  single  head,  the  exterior 
order  of  the  latter  being  supported  by  a  nook  shaft  with  moulded  capitals. 
The  windows  have  a  hood  moulding  continued  as  a  string.  On  the  exterior 
the  double  moulded-plinth  is  stepped  down  two  feet  eight  inches  at  the 
point  A,  and  returned  along  the  buttress  on  the  site  of  the  north  nave 
wall.  The  buttress  between  the  transept  windows  is  destroyed  above 
the    plinth    level. 

To  the  north  of  the  transept  is  a  tower  of  three  stages,  the  two  lower 
stages  being  built  about  1300,  the  upper  one  about  the  middle  of  the 
fourteenth  century.  It  is  a  substantial  structure,  measuring  on  the  inside 
fifteen  feet  two  inches,  and  on  the  exterior  across  the  buttress,  thirty  feet 
five  inches.  Among  other  uses  it  served  the  purpose  of  a  porch,  opening 
into  the  transept  by  a  noble  arch  of  three  chamfered  orders,  the  jambs 
being  similarly  shaped  and  having  moulded  capitals  and  bases.  The  external 
door  on  the  west  side  gives  access  to  the  tower,  whilst  the  door  on  the  east 
side  led  into  a  chamber  or  chambers.  The  external  door  is  of  two 
moulded  orders  with  hood-moulding,  terminating  at  the  apex  in  a  carved 
finial  ;  on  the  north  side  of  the  doorway  is  a  trefoil-headed  recess  with 
rebated  jambs.  The  door  was  secured  by  a  stout  bar,  the  hole  for  which 
is  left  in  the  south  jamb.  The  east  doorway  is  of  two  simple  chamfered 
orders,  having  above  it,  on  the  east  side  of  the  tower,  the  sloping  weather- 
moulding  of  the  roof  of  a  chamber  into  which  the  door  opened  ;  both  doors 
have  pointed  segmental  rear  arches  with  relieving  arch  over.  There  are 
two  windows  in  the  lower  stages  of  the  tower,  both  placed  high  ;  they 
are  deeply  recessed  on  the  exterior  in  arches  of  chamfered  orders  continued 
to  the  sill,  with  pointed  segmental  rear  arches  which  have  chamfered 
ribs.  A  circular  staircase  in  the  north-west  angle  gives  access  to  the  upper 
stages  of  the  tower.  On  the  exterior,  moulded  strings  divide  the  lower 
stages,  the  second  one  terminating  with  a  deep  weathering.  Shallow 
buttresses  reach  to  the  height  of  this  weathering  at  the  north-west  angle 
and  enclose  the  staircase.  Simihn-  single  buttresses  occur  on  the  east  and 
west  sides.  The  enclosing  buttresses  at  the  north-east  angle  terminate 
in  gablets  at   the   level  of  the  first  stage.     The   third   stage  of  the  tower 


the:  ABBEY  OFSTMARY 
BLANCHLAND  NORTH 

Ground 

Ghui 


RcrCRCNCEi  toShaoing 

■■         C  122.5 
iZH         Later  . 
^^       C1500. 

Uncertain 

MODERN 


Scale  or  racT 


i:^^^a.^ 


[r]OnoE>& 


MBERLAND. 


-AN 


HYARD 


117  8 


•/  doo**woy . 


Site  of  Nave 


7? 


Churchyard 


Choir 

Rtsltored  and  oow  cjsed  aspOfisb  c^iunch 
t.,  i-  .      . 

H. 


rtf  tbia  poioT 


Cloister  Garth 


Ppobabis  Site  Of 
Saoi»  1 3l"y .  C  ^xj  pfon* 
Hot-isc  ,    efc  . 


Pro&able:  site:  op  frater 


rtow  corjvcr>!fed  iQfo  <LorToge^ 


WH  Knowlet>  f-OFl. 

flens  cf  l>«r   rtov  iqoi. 


BLANCHLAND    TOWNSHIP.  J3^ 

Was,  as  above  stated,  added  about  1350.  It  is  without  projection,  with  a 
simple  moulded  parapet  and  a  double-light  traceried  window  on  its  north, 
east  and  west  sides.  The  weather-moulding  of  the  high-pitched  transept 
roof  is  the  only  feature  on  the  south  side.  The  plinth  of  the  tower  has 
a  greater  projection  and  is  much  heavier  than  the  other  plinths  in  the 
building ;  it  is  returned  on  the  fragment  of  a  wall  projecting  from  the  east 
side,  and  the  mouldings  finish  on  the  west  side  at  the  point  C  on  the  plan.. 

It  is  almost  certain  that  there  never  was  a  south  transept,  the  indications 
of  the  old  foundations  on  the  south  side  of  the  choir  being  against  such 
a  supposition.  The  mouldings  of  the  base  course,  at  the  point  D  on  the 
plan,  and  some  projecting  toothings  or  bonding  stones  at  E,  are  conclusive 
evidence  that  a  group  of  buildings  occupied  the  east  side  of  the  cloister 
garth.  Local  information  as  to  the  foundations  existing  there  support  this 
view,  and  although  the  arrangement  of  the  buildings  of  the  Praemonstra- 
tensian  order  was  not  always  the  same,  it  may  be  assumed  that  the  sacristy, 
chapter  house,  etc.,  were  at  that  place. 

The  moulded  jamb  of  the  doorway,  at  the  point  H  on  the  plan,  in  all 
probability  belonged  to  a  door  which  led  into  the  choir  from  the  sacristy 
near  the  chapter  house,  and  possibly  from  the  dormitory  which  would 
occupy  the  upper  floor  of  this  group  of  buildings. 

The  range  of  buildings  forming  the  west  side  of  the  cloister-garth  has 
been  repeatedly  altered  by  the  KadclifFes,  the  Forsters,  and  the  Crewe 
trustees,  and  is  now  adapted  to  the  purposes  of  an  inn,  under  the  title  of 
the  'Lord  Crewe  Arms.'  The  walls  of  the  ground  floor  are  of  medieval 
masonry,  and  can  be  easily  traced  to  the  extent  shown  on  the  plan.  The 
buildings  are  on  the  usual  site  of,  and  suggest,  with  great  probability,  the 
position  of  the  guest-house.  The  chamber  adjoining  the  south  wall  of  the 
nave  still  exhibits  its  early  structural  features.  It  has  a  semi-circular  vault, 
and  is  entered  from  the  cloister  by  a  simple  pointed  doorway,  segmental 
on  the  inside  ;  it  was  originally  lighted  by  two  small  double-light  square- 
headed  windows,  one  at  the  west  end,  and  one  on  the  north  side,  the 
latter  being  placed  beyond  the  assumed  west  end  of  the  nave  of  the  church. 
The  opening  at  the  north-east  corner  is  an  inserted  one,  and  opened  from 
the  vaulted  apartment  to  the  site  of  what  has  been  assumed  to  be  the 
nave.  The  insertion  of  the  opening,  as  well  as  that  of  the  piscina  near  to 
it,  must  be  taken  together  and  attributed  to  post-Reformation  times.     The 


33<'' 


THE    PARISH    OF   BVWEI.I,    ST.    ANDREW. 


doorway  on  the  soulh  side,  and  ihal  adjoiniiii;  to  it  and  passing  under  the 
modern  staircase,  liave  both  shouldered  heads.  Another  feature,  contem- 
porary with  the  thirteenth-centurv  woric  of  the  church,  is  a  wide  segmental 
arch,  at  the  south  end  of  the  east  wall  of  this  range  (see  the  iilan),  with 
hood-moulding,    forming    possibly    a    recess    for    a    lavatory.       The     large 

fireplace,  occupying  the  south  end  of  the 
inn,  has  a  double  chamfered  flat  four- 
centred  arched  head  and  jambs,  and  the 
small  opening  on  the  west  side  of  it  has 
a  single  chamfered  three-centred  arch,  as 
has  also  another  small  opening,  cross 
hatched  on  the  plan,  alongside  of  a  large 
modernized  fireplace.  The  first-mentioned 
fireplace  is,  no  doubt,  on  the  site  and  lines 
of  a  former  one,  possibly  that  of  the 
original  kitchen.^  The  upper  floors  of  the 
inn  are  destitute  of  medieval  work,  the 
windows  of  the  rooms  over  the  vaulted 
chamber  are  square-headed,  with  rude 
trefoil  cusping,  and  enclosed  by  square 
labels,  and  are  possibly  of  a  time  after  the 
dissolution  of  the  abbey.  The  outer  walls, 
surmounted  by  a  battlemented  parapet, 
are  all  of  post-Reformation  character.  The 
remainder  of  the  inn  is  not  a  century  old. 
A  row  of  cottages,  which  contain 
in  their  walls  and  foundations  various 
fragments  of  earlier  masonrv,  appears  to 
coincide  in  position  and  extent  with  the  refectory  or  frater,  which  enclosed 
the  cloisters  on  its  southern  side. 

The  cloister  garth,  eighty-one  feet  ten  inches  north  to  south,  and 
about  seventy-nine  feet  six  inches  east  to  west,  is  now  a  lawn  attached  to 
the  inn.  A  little  excavation  below  its  surface  would  possibly  reveal 
something  more  of  the  plan  of  the  domestic  buildings  as  to  which  much 
has   necessarily  been  left  to  conjecture. 

'  Until   recently  this   kitchen   communicated   by  a  stone   staircase   with    the   refectory  range   on 
the  south  side  of  the  cloister. 


The  Lavatory  Arch. 


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1.— Grave   Cover    of    Robert    Egylston. 
2— Grave    Cover    of    T[homas]    E[ggleston] 


BLANCHLAND   TOWNSHIP. 


337 


The  weather  mouldings  of  a  roof  which  exist  on  the  east  side  of  the 
tower,  clearly  indicate  that  a  building  was  once  placed  there.  Whether 
the  abbot's  lodging  was  situated  there,  or  whether  it  stood  between  the 
church  and  the  river,  south-east  of  the  cloister,  it  is  impossible  to  say, 
there  being  no  evidence  available. 

The  gatehouse,  once  probably  the 
abbey  gateway,  as  has  already  been 
stated,  like  the  claustral  buildings,  has 
suffered  much  from  rebuilding.  The 
earliest  and  most  interesting  feature 
in  it  is  a  fireplace  of  a  date  about  1400. 
It  is  seven  feet  six  inches  in  width, 
with  chamfered  jambs  and  oversailing 
corbel  courses,  which  support  the  head 
and  projecting  hood.  The  windows  in 
this  room  are  placed  in  the  southern 
or  inner  side,  and  there  are  fragments 
still  left  of  earlier  windows  than  those 
which  now  fill  the  openings.  The 
smaller  room  has  a  flat  roof,  and  the 
buttress  and  a  chimney  stack  at  the 
west  end  have  some  features  which 
have  a  medieval  look  about  them. 
The  roof  is  enclosed  by  a  battle- 
mented  parapet. 

The  foundations  of  a  wall  connect- 
ing the  east  side  of  the  gatehouse  with 
the  west  of  the  claustral  block  can  be 
traced,  and  are  shown   on  the  plan. 

The  important  series  of  grave-covers  shown  in  the  plates  comprises 
two  dedicated  to  the  memory  of  ancient  abbots,  and  another  probably  to 
a  canon  of  the  house.  Two  others  preserve  the  memory  of  William  (?) 
and  James  Eggleston,  who  were  no  doubt  foresters  of  the  abbot  and 
convent.  Among  the  fragments  of  stained  glass  preserved  in  one  of  the 
windows  the  white-robed  figures  of  Praemonstratensian  canons  are  to  be 
seen.     In  the  graveyard  there  is  a  very  good  churchyard  cross ;  it  is  made 

Vol.  VI.  .43 


Churchyard  Cross. 


33^  THE    PARtSH    OF    nvWELi,    ST.    ANDREW. 

of  millstone  grit  and  is  about  eight  feet  high  above  ground.  The  church 
possesses  a  curious  bible,  printed  at  Oxford  in  1727  ;  a  cup  and  paten, 
made  in  Newcastle  in  1752,  and  a  modern  ilagon,  all  of  silver;  also  two 
plated  flagons,  which  are  kept  in  curious  old  wooden  cases  covered  with 
embossed  leather.'     The  register  begins  in    1753. 

Ministers  of  Blanchland. 

'75.3-  Thomas  Hudson,  admitted  January  25th,  1753  (Randal,  State  of  the  Churches),  master  of  Hexham 
school  and  perpetual  curate  of  Hunstanvvorth ;  died  April  26th,  1784,  aged  75.  (M.I.  Blanchland.) 

1784.  Hudson  Barnett,  nephew  and  previously  sub-curate  to  his  predecessor;  also  perpetual  curate 
of  Hunstanworth  ;  died   March   I5lh,   181 1,  aged  55.      (M.I.  Blanchland.) 

iSii.  Richard  Wallis,  son  of  the  Rev.  Richard  Wallis,  curate  of  Simond-burn,  and  nephew  of  John 
Wallis,  author  of  a  History  of  Northuiiiherlaiui :  he  matriculated  at  Queen's  Coll.,  O.xon., 
December  17th,  1772,  at  the  age  of  19  ;  proceeded  B.A.  1776  ;  vicar  of  Seaham  and  perpetual 
curate  of  South  Shields,  1783;  author  of  a  poetical  description  of  Blanchland,  entitled 
'  The  Happy  Village,'  on  the  title  page  of  which  is  an  engraving  by  himself.  He  was  a  skilled 
etcher,  and  copies  of  his  etchings  are  to  be  found  in  the  hands  of  local  collectors.  It  is  said 
he  never  resided  at  Blanchland.     He  died  May  5th,  1827,  and  was  buried  at  Seaham. 

1827.  Robert  Harrison,  educated  at  Eton,  some  time  lecturer  of  St.  Hilda's,  South  Shields  ;  died  at 
Lastingham,  Yorkshire,  1S50,  aged  77.     (M.I.  Blanchland.) 

1850.  Charles  Thorp,  son  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Thorp,  D.D.,  prebendary  of  Durham,  archdeacon  of 
Durham  ;  of  University  Coll.,  Oxon.  ;  matriculated  November  24th,  1S43,  aged  18  ;  B..^., 
1850  ;  M.A.,  iSjl  (?)  ;  appointed  vicar  of  Ellingham,  1855  ;  died  February  17th,  1880. 

1855.  John  Gibson,  of  the  University  of  Durham ;  B.A.,  1837  ;  M.A.,  1838;  admitted  deacon,  183S; 
ordained  priest,  1839  ;  Fellow  of  the  University  of  Durham  ;  also  held  the  perpetual  curacy  of 
Hunstanworth;  was  perpetual  curate  of  Muggleswick,  1S51-1855;  died  March  30th,  1S63, 
aged  48.     (M.I.  Blanchland.) 

1863.  George  Marsh  Gurley,  born  at  Scarborough  April  3rd,  1825,  being  the  youngest  son  of  Mr. 
William  Gurley  of  the  island  of  St.  Vincent,  by  his  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  George  Marsh 
the  younger,  rector  of  Ford.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Peter's  school  at  York,  and  at  St.  Bees 
College  :  he  served  as  curate  at  Cross  Canonby  and  Warkworth  successively,  and  died  at 
Blanchland  May  l6th,  1887. 

1887.  John  Charles  Dunn,  of  St.  John's  Coll.,  Camb.  ;  B.A.,  1873;  ordained  deacon  1874,  and  priest 
1877  ;  incumbent  of  Beadnell,  1878-1SS7. 

Miscellanea. 

'  The  church  has  been  a  large  and  handsome  fabric,  though  now  nothing  more  is  standing  than  the 
chancel  and  the  north  cross  ile,  which  have  of  late  years  been  completely  fitted  up  by  Lord  Crew's 
trustees  at  a  great  expense,  to  make  a  noble  church.  The  echo  was  so  great  that  by  my  father's 
directions  a  sailcloth  partition  was  drawn  across  [the]  wing,  which  helps  to  deaden  the  sound.  The 
patronage  is  in  Lord  Crewe's  trustees,  who  have  built  a  very  good  house  for  the  minister,  and 
assigned  him  [blank]  acres  of  land  for  a  glebe.  They  allow  him  ^30  per  annum  in  lieu  of  tithes  of  land. 
The  living  has  been  twice  augmented  by  lot,  and  once  by  benefaction  from  the  trustees.  The  purchase 
lies  in  Shotley  [Slaley]  parish,  is  a  very  good  one,  bringing  in  ^48  a  year.  The  surplice  fees  communibus 
a»«is  are  about  ^i  los.'     Dr.  Joha  Sharp's  Minute  Book  [1762-1792].  , 

1792.  There  are  two  meadow  fields  adjoining  the  (parsonage)  house  on  the  east  side,  containing  in 
the  whole  near  gh  acres,  border(ing)  upon  the  high  road  on  the  south,  there  is  a  wood  on  the  east  and 
north  sides,  and  the  west  side  joins  the  village.     These  fields  have  a  right  of  four  stints  on  the  east 

'  Proc.  of  Newcastle  Soc.  of  Antiq.  vol.  iii.  p.  267.  There  is  also  a  chair,  in  the  back  of  which  is  a. 
carved  panel ;  'on  a  shield  in  the  centre  are  the  letters  J. lb. 5.  and  radiating  from  it  are  ribands  bearing 
the  inscription  :  ^ater  .  Dei  .  /IBenieiltO  .  PSiCi ,  Jbesus .  ^aria.'  .  .  .  cf.  Proc.  of  Newcastle  Soc.  of 
Antiq.  vol.  v.  pp.  244,  246. 


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Mi     3/     ;v'       *      *f 


BLANCHLAND    TOWNSHIP.  339 

pasture  of  Blanchland,  commonly  called  the  park  pasture.'     There  are  three  gardens There  is  a 

farm  called  Blackburn,  in  the  parish  of  Slaley,  belonging  to  the  curacy,  containing  93  acres.     Terrier, 
August  14th,  1792.     Arch.  A  el.  vol.  xvi.  p.  311. 

The  trustees  of  Lord  Crewe's  charity  in  181 5  repaired  the  church  at  the  expense  of  about  ^450, 
adding  a  complete  new  roof,  raised  the  floor  with  small  stones,  flagged  arid  pewed.  The  school  house  is 
in  the  churchyard,  and  joined  to  the  north-west  corner  of  the  tower.  It  served  as  a  sort  of  chapel  till  the 
abbey  church  was  repaired,  27  years  since.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection  ;  Bywell  Guard  Book. 

October  2nd,  1S28.  A  horrid  road  over  moors  ten  times  more  dreary  than  Rimside  or  Harewood,  to 
a  very  beautiful  spot.  Blanchland  is  the  very  gem  and  emerald  of  the  mining  district.  Its  old  conventual 
and  abbey  shaped  church,  its  verdant  inclosures,  its  neat  dwelling  houses,  and  its  abundant  wood  are 
seen  to  great  advantage  in  contrast  with  the  circumjacent  lands.  It  seems  to  have  been  a  pet  place,  a 
sort  of  hobby  horse  of  Lord  Crewe's  trustees,  and  barring  some  detestable  improvements  in  the 
ante-church,  their  labours  and  expenditure  tell  well.  The  impropriation  of  Blanchland  belongs  to  this 
trust,  and  by  it  the  church  was  substantially  repaired  in  1753,  the  onus  however  of  reparation  was,  and 
still  is,  legally  in  the  parishioners.  The  patronage  belongs  to  Lord  Crewe's  trustees.  The  Rev.  Mr. 
Harrison  is  minister,  an  old  Etonian,  and  apparently  a  frank,  open-hearted,  and  hospitable  man.  He 
was  lately  lecturer  of  St.  Hilda's,  in  South  Shields,  and  on  his  departure  was  presented  by  his  hearers 
with  a  veiy  beautiful  silver  tureen,  value  ^200,  which,  together  with  a  cup  from  the  Mariners' 
Association,  are  exhibited  with  pride  undissembled  by  his  wife,  and  decently  suppressed  by  Mr.  Harrison 
himself.  And  why  not  be  proud  of  them  ?  I  wish  our  profession  could  show  more  frequent  tokens  of 
their  honest  and  fair  popularity.  Blanchland  is  the  chosen  retirement  of  Mr.  Harrison,  for  although  he 
has  another  small  living  in  Yorkshire  given  him  within  these  late  few  months  by  Lord  Chancellor 
Copley,  he  tells  me  he  shall  decidedly  continue  at  Blanchland.-  His  house  and  garden  and  grounds  are 
remarkably  neat.  He  has  brought  with  him  from  .Shields  the  true  maritime  affection  for  paint  and 
whitewash,  and  although  his  immediate  predecessor  suffered  everything  to  deteriorate,  a  more  distant 
occupant,  Mr.  Barnet,  had  planted  holly  hedges  and  made  such  sort  of  decorations,  which  time  matured 
and  neglect  could  only  deface,  till  the  shears  and  pruning  knife  restored  their  operations. 

The  population  of  Blanchland  is  410,  the  church  holds  300.  It  is  neatly  pewed,  and  had  not  a  rage 
for  school-houses  induced  my  predecessor  to  urge  his  co-trustees  to  spoil  the  ante-chapel  and  to  intersect 
some  tall  and  beautiful  arches  by  a  floor  for  an  upstairs  school,  the  entrance  would  have  been  very 
striking.  I  was  at  a  loss  what  to  do  in  the  matter.  It  would  have  been  a  pity  to  destroy  the  schools 
inerely  on  account  of  taste,  so  I  contented  myself  with  begging  that  at  least  a  clear  entry  might  be  made 
to  the  church,  that  the  schools  might  be  made  distinct,  and  that  the  children  might  be  kept  from 
all  communication  with  the  church.     They  have  alternately  service  and  sermon  mornings  and  evenings 

throughout  the  year.     Sacraments  four  times  a  year,  the  parish  finding  the  elements They  use 

the  authorised  versions  of  the  psalms  in  singing. 

The  average  of  funerals  is  12,  christenings  12,  marriages  4  per  annum.  The  clerk  is  paid  by  the 
church  cess.  There  are  two  churchwardens,  one  nominated  by  the  minister  and  the  other  by  the 
parishioners  ;  they  have  a  select  vestry  of  twenty-four  who  meet  on  Easter  Tuesday.  The  parish  has  no 
endowment  in  the  way  of  charity,  but  Lord  Crewe's  trustees  maintain  a  schoolmaster  and  mistress,  giving 
to  the  former  ^50  per  annum  and  to  the  latter  ^^20,  with  house  and  garden  and  ground. 

The  general  character  of  the  population  is  good,  they  are  moral  and  sober,  and  neither  the  registers 
nor  public  fame  give  any  credit  to  the  idea  that  the  average  of  human  life  is  shortened  in  mining  societies. 
In  spite  of  all  that  is  done  for  them  in  the  way  of  church  and  schools,  there  are  some  ranters  and  more 
methodists.  The  inn  is  large  and  good,  and  there  is  a  good  picture  of  Lord  Crewe.  The  vestry  is 
distinct  from  the  church,  and  is  at  present  occupied  by  an  old  woman  with  a  crockery  shop  ;  I  desired 
the  churchwardens  to  look  to  their  rights  and  secure  them.  The  church  cess  is  gathered  by  the  poor 
rate,  and  id.  per  pound  produces  ^3  4s. 

'  These  fields  have  been  separated  from  the  stinted  land,  and  have  been  conveyed  to  the  benefice  as 
glebe  ;  they  comprise  18  acres,  and  are  walled  off.     Ex  inf.  Rev.  J.  C.  Dunn. 

''  Mr.  Harrison  changed  his  mind  and  went  to  Lastingham,  where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life. 
Ex  inf.  Rev.  J.  C.  Dunn. 


34©  THE   PARISH    OF   BYWELL   ST.    ANDREW. 

Mr.  Harrison  stated  his  official  revenue  as  under:  house  and  garden  and  12  acres  of  good  grass 
land,  at  ;^40  ;  a  farm  in  Slaley  called  Blackburn,  let  for  ^70  ;  ^1,059  in  the  Bounty  Office  produces 
£^S  ;  a  voluntary  but  usual  donation  from  Lord  Crewe's  trustees,  ^30 ;  Easter  dues,  £2  ;  fees,  £2  2s. 
I  believe  the  item  for  the  house  includes  the  four  stints  in  the  park  pasture.  There  arc  no  tithes. 
Archdeacon  Singleton's  Minute  Book. 

1867.    A  Wesleyan  chapel  was  built  at  Baybridge. 

The  lead  mines  of  the  district  have  been  worked  for  centuries.  By 
Letters  Patent,  dated  March  23rd,  1475,  Edward  IV.  granted  the  mine 
of  Shvldevn  (Shilden),  in  Blanchland,  and  the  mine  in  Alston  Moor  called 
Feccheroos,'  to  his  brother  Richard,  duke  of  Gloucester,  Henry,  earl  of 
Northumberland  and  others,  to  hold  from  the  following  Lady-day  for  the 
period  of  fifteen  years,  paying  yearly  one-eighth  part  of  the  pure  silver  to  the 
king,  and  one-ninth  part  of  '  lees  ewrs '  to  the  lords  of  the  soil,  and  one- 
tenth  part  to  the  curate  of  the  place.''  On  April  14th  following,  Walter 
Barsonhowson  was  appointed  master-finer,  purger,  and  divider  of  'les  ewres,'' 
with  such  fees  as  might  be  agreed  upon  between  him  and  the  patentees.'* 

The  Rev.  John  Hodgson,  possibly  while  living  at  Lanchester  (1804- 
1806),   writes  in   his  note-book  :° 

Shilden  is  the  name  of  a  brook  and  a  narrow  valley  running  north  from  the  hamlet  of  Blanchland, 

to  the  length  of  about  a  mile  and  a  half  in  cultivated  ground It  has  a  birch  w-ood  a  small  way 

up  from  the  village  on  its  east  side,  and  above  that  a  planted  wood  principally  consisting  of  Scotch  fir 
planted  about  thirty-two  years  since.  The  veins  cross  the  vale  immediately  north  of  these  woods,  and 
are  four  in  number,  the  first  called  Old  Shilden,  the  second  New  Shilden,  the  third  the  Fell  grove, 
because  then  wrought  in  unenclosed  ground,  the  fourth  is  Stand  Alone.  The  sills  or  strata  which  these 
veins  intersect  and  which  have  been  most  productive  of  lead  are,  first  the  Slate  Sill,  from  being  worked 
in  quartz-sandstone  rock  used  in  these  parts  as  slate;  second,  Hippie  Slate  Sill,  having  its  name,  as  is 
supposed,  from  one  Hippie,  who  first  worked  the  Old  Shilden  vein  ;  the  third,  the  High  Ground  Sill ; 
the  fourth,  the  Low  Ground  Sill,  which  two  last  are  the  most  productive  and  contain  the  lead 
intermixed  with  chalcedony,  which  is  not  found  in  any  of  the  other  strata. 

The  veins  incline  to  the  north. 

The  Old  Shilden  has  been  much  worked  on  the  west  side  of  Shilden  burn  in  ancient  times,  as 
appears  from  the  old  pits  and  rubbish  heaps  which  run  west  to  the  very  top  of  the  hill.  These  pits  may 
be  seen  as  far  as  the  unimproved  ground  goes  west  and  in  a  plantation  of  larches,  and  their  several 
heaps  and  lines  of  stone  overgrown  with  grass  are  traceable,  one  of  which  is  nearly  square  and  has  sides 
about  thirty  feet  long,  in  the  Roman  style.     Messrs.  Hall  and  Puller  have  had  three  engines  here,  one  ot 

seventy-inch   cylinder has  been  lately  sold  to  the  owners  of  Walker  Colliery,  who  are  at 

present  employed  in  removing  it The  late  company,  called  the  Derwent  Mining  Company, 

had  also  a  steam  engine  upon  a  vein  in  Beldon,  close  by  the  brook,  with  the  intention  of  working  in  the 
great  limestone,  but  the  stratum,  though  buried  in  Shilden,  Ramshaw,  and  Beldon,  has  not  been  found 
to  bear  metal.  At  Ramshaw  some  metal  was  got,  but  not  sufficient  to  bear  the  expense  ;  very  little  in 
the  other. 

'  Query  Flecheroos,  or  Fletchers.  ^  Cal.  Pat.  Rolls,  15  Edw.  IV.  pt.  i.  memb.  22,  p.  505. 

'  Ore  :  '  In  our  patents  for  the  Mines  Royal  is  writ  Ewre — but  generally  in  our  language  we  call  that 
which  is  digg'd  from  the  Bed  of  any  Metal,  Oar.'     Sir  John  Pettus,  MdaUick  Words,  1683,  p.  96. 
*  Cal.  Pal.  Rolls,  15  Edw.  IV.  pt.  i.  memb.  12,  p.  513. 
'  The  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection  ;  Bywell  Guard  Book,  p.  32. 


BLANCHLAND   TOWNSHIP.  34 1 

[It  is  estimated  that  there  were]  600  men  employed  in  the  groves  in  this  country  at  a  time.  One 
mine — Old  Shilden' — is  traditionally  reported  to  be  very  ancient,  [and]  to  have  been  wrought  when  only 
four  lead  mines  in  England  [were]  open  !  The  present  mine  of  Shilden  is  wrought  in  a  vein  in  the 
freestone  rock,  in  a  coarse,  silicious  sandstone.  The  vein  is  filled  up  with  a  coarse  chalcedony, 
intermixed  with  a  dark  blue  stone  of  a  hard  quality,  and  sometimes  beautifully  covered  with  small  quartz 

chrystals.     There  is  also  fluor  spar  in  the  vein,  but  not  plentifully Mr.  Fenvvick,  the  agent  to  Lord 

Crewe's  trustees,  has  commenced  a  quarry  of  limestone  in  the  wood  on  the  north  side  of  the  abbey, 
and  works  it  in  the  coal-mine  manner. 

On  Bells,"  or  Bail  hill,  there  is  a  very  ancient  heap  of  lead  scoriaj,  as  appears  by  a  dry  peat  earth  about 
three  inches  thick  and  covered  with  ling  which  lies  upon  it.  In  modern  times  it  has  been  much  reduced 
in  size  by  people  washing  it  and  taking  away  the  parts  that  contained  lead  to  be  smelted.  The  traces  of 
troughs  and  gutters  for  washing  are  still  observable.  A  large  portion  of  the  point  of  the  hill  is  completely 
divested  of  soil  in  places,  I  conceive,  where  the  operations  have  been  carried  on.  In  several  spots  the 
stones  bear  strong  marks  of  fire  and  have  coatings  of  vitrified  lead  upon  them.  The  point  of  the  hill 
fronts  fully  to  the  west,  and  has  a  deep  open  vale  lying  east  and  west  before  it,  and  further  up  Bolts- 
lawe,  a  place  admirably  adapted  for  a  wind  furnace. 

Between  Blanchland  abbey  and  Acton  burn,  which  is  the  boundary  of  the  abbey  estate  in  the  east, 
there  has  been  a  paved  road  for  carriages  ;  it  runs  along  the  bottom  of  the  declivity,  and  in  the  ground 
that  has  not  been  cultivated  is  often  found  in  making  drains  and  the  ditches  of  fences.  There  is  a 
piece  of  it  in  the  same  form  immediately  below  the  farm  house  called  Cow  Byers.  The  bailiff  of  the 
manor  is  certain  there  is  no  such  appearance  above  the  village  of  Blanchland,  but  cannot  say  whether 
it  extends  beyond  Acton  burn  eastward.  There  is  an  old  smelt  mill  at  Acton,''  which  till  within  this  last 
twenty  years  was  in  full  use.  It  was  used  by  the  Quaker  Company,  but  now  ruined  by  the  present 
company  without  the  leave  of  the  trustees.' 

'  1698,  22nd  April.  The  house  of  John  Ward  at  Shilden,  in  the  parish  of  Shotley,  set  apart  and 
appointed  for  Protestant  dissenters  to  assemble  together  for  religious  worship,  was  licensed  at  Quarter 
Sessions.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection  ;  Bywell  Guard  Book. 

■  N.B. — '  Bell  is  a  common  name  hereabouts  for  heaps  of  scoria.' 

"  In  1690  William  Forster  of  Bamburgh,  gentleman,  leases  for  a  term  of  21  years  the  mine  called 
Jeffrey's  grove,  in  Blanchland,  to  Thomas  Rawlin  of  the  city  of  Durham,  and  others,  at  a  rent  of 
the  seventh  part  of  the  ore  wrought.  In  a  subsequent  lease  the  rent  was  fixed  at  a  tenth,  and  it 
was  covenanted  that  the  lessees  were  to  work  within  a  compass  of  300  yards  on  either  side  of  the  grove. 
Documents  quoted  in  Neasham,  North  Country  Sketches,  p.  222. 

•744/5i  January  ist.  Deed  of  partnership  between  Thomas  Marshall  of  Baybridge,  parish  of 
Shotley,  Northumberland,  gent.,  and  Isaac  Cookson  of  Newcastle,  goldsmith  (i),  and  Thomas  Skottowe 
of  Great  Ayton,  Yorkshire,  esq.,  Jos.  Blenkinsop  of  Newcastle,  gent.,  Wm.  Radley  of  South  Shields, 
gent.,  and  Henry  Wilkinson  of  Gateshead,  gent.  (2),  reciting  that  the  said  persons  had  agreed  to 
undertake  the  smelting  and  running  of  lead  ore  into  lead,  the  refining  of  lead  and  extracting  of  silver 
therefrom,  and  the  casting  of  shot  and  sheet  lead  ;  that  Marshall  on  their  behalf,  by  deed  bearing  date 
August  20th,  1742,  had  agreed  with  Lord  Crewe's  trustees  for  a  lease  for  21  years  of  two  acres  of  ground 
on  which  to  erect  buildings,  work-houses,  etc.,  on  the  west  side  of  Acton-burn,  a  little  below  Acton  mills, 
and  that  Isaac  Cookson  on  their  behalf  had  leased  from  John  Hodgson  of  Elswick,  for  14  years  from 
May  1st,  1743,  certain  refining  houses,  with  gardens  and  quay  adjoining,  in  the  manor  of  Elswick. 
Now  this  indenture  witnesseth  that  the  aforesaid  agreements  were  made  in  trust  by  Marshall  and 
Cookson  for  all  the  partners  ;  that  the  partnership  shall  be  divided  into  32  parts,  and  that  Marshall  have 
two  of  them,  and  the  other  partners  five  each;  that  it  shall  continue  for  21  years,  and  that  they  shall 
make  up  what  is  already  advanced  and  expended  to  ^3,200,  etc.  Extracted  by  Mr.  R.  Welford  from 
Carr-Ellison  deeds. 

1764.  To  be  sold,  the  lease  of  the  smelting  mill  called  ."^cton  New  Mill,  for  the  term  of  21  years 
from  May-day  next;  and  also  the  lease  of  the  refinery  and  shothouse  at  the  Meadow  Foot  in  Elswick,  etc. 
Newcastle  Couraiit,  February  25th,  1764. 

•  Wallis,  writing  about  1769,  mentions  a  sanative  spring  at  Acton  'little  inferior  in  medical  virtues 
to  the  L'nthank  spring,  especially  as  a  pectoral,  in  removing  obstruction  and  restoring  appetite.' 
Wallis,  Northuinherhind,  vol.  i.  p.   17. 

'  Further  notices  of  the  lead  mines  on  Derwent  may  be  found  in  Mackenzie,  History  of 
Northumberland,  vol.  ii.  pp.  359-360;  Parson  and  White,  Durham  and  Northumberland,  vol.  ii.  p.  612, 
etc. 


342  THE    PARISH    OF   BYWELI,    ST.    ANDREW. 

THE   TOWNSHIP   OF   NEWBIGGIN. 

The  township  of  Newbiggin  has  an  area  of  2,444  acres,  comprised  in 
two  unequal  divisions.'  The  larger  tract  (1,606  acres)  is  separated  from  the 
county  of  Durham  by  the  Beldon-burn,  and  is  bounded  by  Harwoodshield- 
fell  in  Hexhamshire  on  the  west,  by  the  Devil's  Water  and  Hexhamshire  on 
the  north-west,  and  by  the  Black-burn,  the  Reeding-burn,  and  Birkside-fell 
in  Blanchland  on  the  north-east.  With  the  exception  of  some  enclosures 
near  Newbiggin-house  in  the  eastern  nook  of  the  township  and  other 
enclosures  at  Newbiggin  Hope  to  the  north,  it  consists  of  extensive  moors, 
rising  at  the  Round-hill  to  an  elevation  of  1,400  feet  above  sea-level. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth  century,  when  the  lead  mines 
were  worked,  there  was  a  population  of  396,  but  by  the  year  182 1  this 
had  shrunk  to  69,  and  in  1891,  when  the  last  separate  return  was  made, 
the  population  was  54.^ 

The  first  notice  of  Newbiggin  in  the  barony  of  Bolbec  seems  to  be 
in  the  inquisition  taken  after  the  death  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec  H.,  in  1262, 
and  apparently  the  vill  at  that  time  comprised  a  larger  area  than  it  does 
at  the  present  time,  for  it  is  stated  that  there  were  at  the  place  eleven 
husbandmen  who  held  88  acres  worth  yearly  in  ferms  and  works  46s.  9d., 
four  cottars  who  held  one  and  a  half  acres,  and  paid  in  ferms  and  works  5s.  ; 
the  brew-house  produced  5s.'  For  some  generations  it  remained  in  the 
hands  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec's  descendants. 

Newbiging  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

£    s.      d.  s.      d. 

Summa  bonorum  Wallcri  fabri     ...  ...         ...         ...         ...  125     unde  regi  2     oi 

„  Adae  Brun        ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         '39  „  22 

„  Lucae  Mundihod         ...         ...         ...         ...         i     2   10  „  21 

„  Johannis  de  Lonecaster         ...         ...         ...  i    ly     2  „  3     6j 

Summa  totalis  villae  de  Newbiging,  £^  8s.  2d.     Unde  domino  regi,  9s.  \o\A. 

Ralph  de  Greystoke,  who  died  in  1323,  at  the  time  of  his  death  was 
seised  of  two  husbandlands  in  Newbigging,  which  comprised  a  toft  and 
16   acres  of  land  then  worth   nothing,   but  which   in   times  of  peace  paid 

'  By  order  in  Council  published  in  the  London  Gazette,  February  27th,  1891,  the  township  of 
Newbiggin  was  for  ecclesiastical  purposes  severed  from  the  chapelry  of  Shotley,  when  the  southern 
part  was  annexed  to  Blanchland,  and  the  northern  and  detached  portion  of  it  was  anne.ved  to  Whitley- 
chapel. 

-■  The  Census  Returns  are  :   iSoi  ;  1811,396;  1821,69;  1831,60;  1841,56;  1851,68;  1861,69; 

1871,  79;  1881,  7T,  1891,  54  ;  [1901,  57]- 

'  /"I/,  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolbec,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25. 


iSTEWBIGGIN    TOWNSHIP.  343 

los.  a  year.'  Twenty-three  years  later  Newbiggin  was  raided  and  burned 
by  the  Scots. ^  In  the  settlement  made  by  Sir  John  Stryvelyn,  knight,  at 
Belsay  on  June  13th,  1361,  there  were  included  two  tenements  and 
40  acres  of  land  and  meadow  at  Newbigging  near  Blanchland,  held  of 
the  barony  of  Sty  ford  by  the  service  of  id.  a  year;  they  were  worth  in 
all  issues  los.  a  year.'  These  two  tenements,  with  48  acres  of  land,  were 
afterwards  in  the  possession  of  Sir  John  de  Middleton.  At  his  death, 
August  9th,  1396,^  they  passed  to  his  widow,  Dame  Christina  de  Middleton, 
who  in  her  lifetime,  on  the  marriage  of  her  son.  Sir  John  de  Middleton,  with 
Isabel,  daughter  of  Roger  Thornton  of  Newcastle,  settled  Newbigging, 
with  her  Derwent-side  property,  upon  them.''  It  is  not  known  when  or 
under  what  circumstances  the  Middleton  lands  at  Newbiggin  reverted  to 
the  lords  of  the  Bolbec  fee,  but  Ralph  Nevill,  first  earl  of  Westmorland, 
who  died  October  21st,  1425,  was  seised  at  the  time  of  his  death  of  four 
messuages  in  Newbiggin,  each  of  which  was  worth  4d.  a  year  beyond 
reprises,  60  acres  of  land  worth  id.  a  year,  40  acres  of  waste  land,  and 
30  acres  of  wood  which  produced  nothing  because  there  was  no  underwood. 
Joan,  countess  of  Westmorland,  as  parcel  of  her  dower,  held  the  third 
part  of  Newbiggin,  and  at  her  death,  which  happened  November  13th, 
1440,  it  was  stated  to  comprise  7  messuages  and  7  husbandlands,  3  cottages, 
and    100  acres  of  common  pasture.' 

Newbiggin  is  not  mentioned  in  the  Survey  of  the  confiscated  estates 
of  the  attainted  earl  of  Westmorland  made  by  Hall  and  Homberston 
in    1570. 

Tenants  holding  by  Lease  in  Newbiggin,  1608."  vaiue  beyond 

Rent.  rent. 

Tenant.  Tenement.  Former  Tenant.  £    &.      d.  £    s.      d. 

Christopher  Denninge       i     Nicholas  Ouid         ...     By  letters  patent  dated 

8th  Aug.,  1606       ...  —       o  12     8         100 

Thomas  Teesedale     ...     i     Thomas  Teeddale  ...     By  letters  patent  dated  for2i 

13th  May,  1595     ...  years     o  lo    9         134 

Thomas  Simpson        ...     i     Henry  Robinson     ...     By  letters  patent  dated  forsi 

i8th  July,  1595      ...  years      o   10     o         168 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Radulfi  de  Greystock,  17  Edw.  II.  No.  72. 

^  Inq.  ad  quod  diimnum,  21  Edw.  III.  No.  3.     See  above,  p.  227. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Stryvelyn,  2  Ric.  II.  No.  49. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Johannis  de  Middleton,  20  Ric.  II.  No.  37. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Christianae  uxoris  Johannis  de  Middleton,  9  Hen.  V.  No.  54. 

"  Inq.  p.m.  of  Ralf  Nevill,  earl  of  Westinorland,  4  Hen.  VI.  No.  37. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  of  Joan,  countess  of  Westmorland,  19  Hen.  VI.  No.  42. 

*  Haggatt  and  Ward's  Survey  ;  Land  Revenue  Record  Office  Surveys,  vol.  42. 


344  THK    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

Tenants  hoi.ihnc.  nv  Lease  in  Newbiggin,  1608  (continued ).  vaiuc  beyond 

Kent.  rent. 

Tenant.                     Tenement.           Former  Tenant.  jf    s.      d.  {,     s.     d. 
Thomas  Simpson        ...      i      Rowland  Stevenson        liy  letters  patent  d.itecl     for  40 

Sth  Aug.,  1606       ...     years  o  12     S  100 
John  Pearson  ...         ...     i     Cuthbcrt  Pearson   ...     By  letters  patent  dated     for  40 

Sth  Aiij,f.,  1606       ...     years  0134  168 

William  Denning       ...     i     Thomas  Denning  ...                „            „                    —  i      i     4  2     o    o 

„            „                ...     I     John  Pattinson        ...     Hy  lease  expired       ...         —  070  o  15     o 

Elizabeth  Carre,  widow     one  cotehouse By  letters  patent  dated 

Sth  Aug.,  1606       ...         —  010  034 

William  Frend  (?)      ...     one  house,  shop  and  i  acre              „            „                    —  004050 

George  Carre  ...         ...     two  intakes  called  Black-burn,  taken  out  of  the  common  078  0134 

Michael  Walton  ...     one  close  called  Blacke  Struders,  and  part  of  the  water 

corn  mill  called  March-burn  mill,  without  any  evidence 

showen  unto  us      060  0134 


Sum  total  of  the  rents         ^5     2     9  £\o     6     8 

There  was  a  suit  in  the  Court  of  Exchequer,  in  1623,  relating  to  the 
estate  of  John  Denning,  who  had  held  a  lease  of  certain  tenements  in 
Newbiggin  under  Queen  Elizabeth,  which  lease  having  e.xpired,  was  renewed 
in  1606  by  his  sons  Christopher  and  William,  a  younger  son  Thomas  being 
at  that  time  a  minor.  The  latter,  after  attaining  his  majority,  felt  aggrieved 
at  his  exclusion  from  the  benefit  of  the  new  lease,  and  brought  his  complaint 
before  the  courts.' 

Certain  lands  in  Newbigginge,  Shotley,  Slaley,  Bolbec,  and  Bywell, 
of  the  yearly  rent  of  £2^  J 6s.  lod.,  were  included  in  the  comprehensive 
grant  made  by  Charles  I.  on  June  2nd,  1625,  in  consideration  of  large 
sums  of  money  advanced  to  the  Crown,  to  Edward  Allen,  Robert  Ducie, 
George  Whitmore,  and  others,  aldermen  and  citizens  of  London,  to  hold  of 
the  king  as  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich  by  fealty  only,  in  free  and 
common  socage.^ 

It  is  probable  that  Newbiggin  was  acquired,  together  with  Blanchland, 
by  the  Forsters  of  Hamburgh  through  the  marriage  of  Nicholas  Forster 
with  Jane,   daughter  of  Anthony  Radcliffe. 

The  proprietors  of  Newbiggin  in  1663  were  Dame  Elizabeth  Forster 
and  William  Dining,  who  were  rated  for  the  same  at  ;^20  per  annum.' 
The  former,  who  held  the  Blanchland  estates  in  dower,  died  soon  afterwards 

'  P.R.O.  Exchequer  Depositions,  21  James  I.  Easter  Term,  No.  16.  Among  those  who  made 
depositions  in  the  suit  were  Robert  Egleston  of  Hunstanworth,  yeoman,  aged  52,  and  Alexander  Egleston 
of  Newbiggin,  yeoman,  aged  55. 

-  Pat.  Rolls,  I  Chas.  I.  pt.  4. 

'  Book  of  Rates  ;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  2S6. 


NEWBIGGIN   TOWNSHIP.  345 

and  was  succeeded  by  her  husband's  grand-nephew,  Sir  William  Forster  of 
Bamburgh.'  He  apparently  sold  Newbiggin  in  1666,  at  the  same  time  as 
he  sold  Belford,  to  Francis  Forster,  fourth  son  of  Thomas  Forster  of 
Adderston.^  Francis  Forster  was  residing  in  the  South  Bailey  at  Durham 
when  he  made  his  will,^  on  July  15th,  1681,  and  gave  the  township  of 
Newbiggin,  the  farm  called  Mount  Royal  or  Royal  Mount,  with  other  estates 
in  trust  for  his  two  daughters  Elizabeth  and  Frances,  then  under  age.  The 
latter  died  unmarried,  and  the  former  became  wife  of  the  Hon.  Charles 
Montagu,  fifth  son  of  Edward,  earl  of  vSandwich,  and  their  only  son,  James 
Montagu,  sold  Newbiggin,  Newbiggin  Hope,  Ridding,  and  Mount  Royal 
before  the  year  1720  to  John  Ord  of  Newcastle  and  Fenham.* 

1720,  March  30th.  Will  of  John  Orel  of  Newcastle,  gent.  I  give  to  my  wife  Anne  ^100  per  annum 
out  of  the  manors  of  South  and  North  Gosford  and  lands  at  Gesmond  purchased  by  me  of  John  and 
Edward  Jeffreys,  esquires,'  and  lands  in  the  parish  of  Hunstanworth.  The  said  lands  at  Hunstanworth 
to  go  to  my  son  Ralph  Ord,  to  whom  they  are  limited.  I  also  give  to  my  wife  .£100  per  annum  out  of 
my  manor  of  Fenham  and  £^0  per  annum  out  of  my  lands,  etc.,  in  Leeds  and  Lofthouse,  co.  York  (she 
to  surrender  the  said  lands  to  my  son  Ralph),  also  my  new  dwelling-house  in  Newcastle  held  by 
lease  under  Christopher  Young,  practiser  in  physick,  and  my  house  at  Elswick.  I  give  my  lands  in 
the  parishes  of  Morpeth  and  Mitford  to  my  son  Thomas  and  his  lawful  heirs,  remainder  to  my  son 
Robert  and  his  lawful  heirs,  remainder  to  my  son  James  and  his  lawful  heirs,  remainder  to  my  son 
Henry  and  his  lawful  heirs,  remainder  to  the  heirs  of  my  body,  remainder  to  John,  son  of  my  brother 
Thomas  Ord,  deceased,  remainder  to  George,  another  son  of  my  said  brother  Thomas,  remainder  to 
my  brother  William  Ord,  remainder  to  his  son  Thomas.  I  give  the  manor  of  Hunstanworth,  the 
advowson  of  the  church  and  my  lands  there,  my  lands  at  Newbiggin,  Newbiggin  Hope,  Ridding, 
and  Mount  Ryal,  co.  Northumberland,  lately  purchased  of  James  Montagu,  esq.,  and  George  Baker, 
esq.,  to  my  son  Ralph  Ord  in  tail  male.  I  give  the  township  of  Derwent  Crook  and  the  mines  there 
and  under  Deckham's-house  farm,  alius  Mitford  farm,  in  the  parish  of  Gateshead,  my  lands,  etc.,  at 
Prudhoe,  charged  with  an  annuity  of  ^50  to  Mrs.  Lucretia  Stanley,  and  my  house  at  Elswick  to  my 
son  Robert  Ord  in  tail  male.  I  give  my  lands  in  Dotland,  the  Hill,  Fogget,  Smelting  Sike,  Wagtail, 
and  Fenhouse  in  the  parish  of  Hexham,  lately  purchased  of  John  Rowland,  senior  and  junior,  and 
William  Dodd,  also  my  messuage  without  Pandon  Gate,  and  my  messuage  in  the  Dogg-bank  to 
my  son  James  in  tail  male.  I  give  my  tenth  part  of  the  manor  and  tythes  of  Elswick  and  my  lands 
there,  my  houses  at  the  foot  of  the  Flesh  Market,  Newcastle,  and  in  Mannell's  Chair,  to  my  son 
Henry  Ord.  I  give  my  Dean  and  Chapter  farm  at  Edmundbyers  to  my  brother  William  Ord  for  life, 
then  to  his  son  Thomas.  My  daughters  Ann,  Elizabeth,  Alice,  and  Ursula  each  ^3,000  when  married. 
My  nephew  Thomas  Hardwick,  gent.,  to  whom  I  have  mortgaged  part  of  my  lands,  etc.,  at  Leeds, 
he  to  have  the  ^200  a  year  for  life.  My  servant  Ralph  Fetherstonhalgh,  who  hath  faithfully  served 
me  for  30  years,  and  Eleanor  his  wife.  My  son  Thomas's  wife  and  children.  I  give  to  the  Master  and 
Brethren  of  Jesus  Hospital,  Newcastle,  a  rent  charge  of  £i  6s.  8d.  per  annum  out  of  a  messuage  in 
the  Bigg  Market,  also  6s.  8d.  out  of  a  messuage  in  the  Side.     I  confirm  the  assignment  of  Magdalen 

'  See  pedigree  of  Forster  of  Bamburgh,  vol.  i.  of  this  work,  p.  156.        -  Ibid.  p.  229.        '  Ibid.  p.  392. 

'  See  Neze'castk  Hosiincii,  Dendy,  Surt.  Soc.  No.  loi  ;  and  also  pedigree  of  Ord,  Hodgson, 
Northtimberlniid,  pt.  ii.  vol.  iii.  pp.  107,  433. 

*  The  rent  charge  of  ^100  was  purchased  by  John  Ord  in  171 1  from  John  and  Edward  Jeffrey  for 
the  sum  of  ^2,000.  It  was  originally  granted  by  Robert  Brandling  to  Henry  Hilton,  'baron  of  Hilton,' 
who  paid  ^1,000  for  it,  and  in  1650  conveyed  it  to  trustees  as  a  provision  for  his  wife,  Alice  Hilton.  The 
trustees  sold  it  in  1662  to  John  Jeffrey.  It  was  purchased  in  1758  from  Robert  Ord,  the  Chief  Baron,  by 
Charles  Brandling  of  Gosforth  for  the  large  sum  of  ^4,000.     Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection, '  M,'  p.  1 56. 

Vol.  VI.  44 


34^  THE    PARISH    OF    RYWEI.I.    ST.    ANDREW. 

Close  to  the  Charity  School  of  St.  John's  parish  by  a  person  yet  unknown  but  to  Mr.  Robert  Thomlinson 
and  myself,  and  1  desire  my  son  Thom.is  to  assist  it  and  recommend  it  to  the  worthy  and  charitable 
Corporation  of  Newcastle.  I  give  to  niy  son  Ralph  ^2,000,  to  my  son  Robert  when  21  ^{^2,000,  to  my 
son  James  when  21  /!3,5oo,  to  my  son  Henry  when  21  ^4,000.  My  sons  Thomas,  Ralph,  and  Robert  to 
be  executors.  .My  five  (lau,:;hlcrs.  Codicil.  I  give  the  King's  Meadows  and  the  Meadow  foots  fishery 
lately  purchased  of  William  Jcnison,  clerk,  to  my  son  Henry.  My  daugluci  .Mice  has  married  Abraliam 
Dixon,  merchant.     I'roved  1721.     Raine,  Test.  Ebor.  vii.  p.  105. 

John  Old  had  married  for  his  second  wife  Aiuie,  daughter  of  Michael 
Hutchinson  of  Lofthouse  near  Leeds,  and  to  Ralph  Ord,  the  eldest  surviving 
son  of  the  marriage,  he  gave  Newbiggin,  Hunstanworth,  and  other  estates. 
Ralph  Ord,  who  was  admitted  to  Lincoln's  Lin,  May  i8th,  1719,'  did  not 
long  survive  his  father,  but  dying  at  Hampsthwaite'  about  1724,  was 
succeeded  by  his  younger  brother  Robert  Ord.^  The  latter,  who  settled 
in  Edinburgh  and  attained  the  rank  of  Chief  Baron  of  the  E.xchequer  of 
Scotland^  and  Temporal  Chancellor  of  Durham,  was  a  notable  man  of  his 
time.  His  issue  male  failed  in  18 14,  when  Newbiggin  passed  to  Robert 
Capper,'  son  of  the  Chief  Baron's  eldest  daughter  Mary,  and  remained  in 
the  hands  of  his  descendants  until  about  1863,  when  it  was  purchased  by 
Edward  Joicey,  father  of  Mr.  Edward  Joicey,  the  present  owner. 

The  smaller  of  the  two  portions  into  which  the  township  of  Newbiggin 
is  divided  is  triangular  in  shape,  and  comprises  an  area  of  838  acres,  having 
a  western  exposure  rising  from  the  Devil's  Water,  which  at  this  place  is 
its  western  boundary,  to  Emley-fell,  with  an  elevation  of  1,196  feet  on  the 
south-east.  It  contains  the  homesteads  of  Apperley,  Emley,  Gingleshaugh, 
and  Viewley. 

The  only  early  notice  of  the  place,  so  far  as  is  known,  is  in  a  grant 
from  the  Crown  by  letters  patent  dated  May  20th,  1359,  to  Roger  de 
Widdrington  of  lands  in  Elmeley,  iA.pirley,  and  West  Heddon,  formerly 
belonging  to  Roger  de  West  Heddon,  attainted  for  taking  part  in  Gilbert  de 
Middleton's  rebellion  against  the  late  king."  Two  hundred  and  ten  years 
later,  John  Swinburne  of  Chopwell,  also  for  rebellion,  forfeited  certain  lands 

'  Records  of  the  Society  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  vol.  i.  p.  385. 

"  1724,  May  23rd.  Administration  of  the  personal  estate  of  Ralph  Ord,  esq.,  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  dying 
at  Hampsthwaite,  granted  to  Robert  Ord,  the  brother.     Raine,  Test.  Ebor.  iv.  58. 

'  Robert  Ord  was  admitted  to  Lincoln's  Inn,  June  30th,  171S.  Records  of  the  Society  of  Lincoln's  Inn, 
vol.  i.  p.  581. 

'  '  Here  I  obtained  a  promise  from  Lord  Chief  Baron  Orde  that  he  would  dine  at  my  house  next  day 
[Monday,  i6th  August,  1773].  .  .  .  This  respectable  English  judge  will  be  long  remembered  in  .Scotland, 
where  he  built  an  elegant  house  and  lived  in  it  magnificently.  His  own  ample  fortune,  with  the  addition 
of  his  salary,  enabled  him  to  be  splendidly  hospitable.'  Boswell,  Life  of  Samuel  Johnson,  London,  1835, 
vol.  iv.  p.  18.     Cf.  Welford,  Men  of  Mark,  sub  William  Ord. 

'  Cf.  vol.  iv.  of  this  work,  p.  229,  under  Bingfield,  where  there  is  a  sketch  pedigree  of  Ord  and  Capper. 

"  Pat.  Rolls,  33  Edw.  II.  pt.  i.  memb.  8. 


NEWBIGGIN   TOWNSHIP.  347 

in  Elmeley  and  Apperley  which  are  described  as  comprising  a  tenement 
with  garden  and  orchards,  and  48  acres  of  arable  land,  meadow,  and  pasture, 
of  the  yearly  value  of  56s.  8d.,  in  the  occupation  of  George  and  John 
Armstrong,  also  a  fulling  mill  on  the  Devil's  Water  of  the  yearly  rent 
of  13s.  4d.,  let  to  William  Ladley.'  These  tenements  in  Elmeley  and 
Apperley  were  granted  in  1606  to  Sir  John  Fenwick,  knight,  for  a  term 
of  forty  years  at  the  reserved  rent  of  56s.  8d.,"  and  the  fee  simple  was 
granted  on  September  27th,  16 10,  to  George  Salter  and  John  Williams, 
both  of  London,'^  in  part  satisfaction  for  a  large  sum  of  money. 

It  is  not  known  how  Emley*  and  Apperley  came  into  the  possession 
of  the  Claverings  of  Axwell.  When  Bolbec  common  was  enclosed  in  1771, 
John  Clavering  obtained  an  allotment  of  360  acres  in  lieu  of  his  right  of 
common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  Emley^  and  Apperley.  These  places 
now  belong  to  the  daughters  and  co-heiresses  of  the  late  Sir  Henry 
Clavering,  bart. 

At  the  extreme  north  of  the  township  there  is  a  small  holding  with  a 
ruined  homestead  on  a  sheltered  haugh,  near  the  Devil's  Water.  It  is 
named  Gingleshaugh,  and  formerly  belonged  to  a  Quaker  family  bearing 
the  appropriate  name  of  Makepeace,  one  of  whom  was  buried  in  the  little 
garden  attached  to  his  house.  John  Makepeace  of  Gingleshaugh  was  buried 
at  Slaley,  September  28th,  1733,"  and  in  the  following  year  Samuel 
Makepeace  voted  at  the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire.'^  Soon  afterwards 
the  place  passed  into  the  possession  of  the  family  of  Ward.  Job  Ward, 
in  1 77 1,  received  an  allotment  of  52  acres  in  lieu  of  the  right  of  common 
of  pasture  upon  Bolbec  common  appurtenant  to  Gingleshaugh,  and  in  1774 
voted  at  the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire.**  In  1826  and  1832  George 
Ward  voted  for  Gingleshaugh,'-'  which,  together  with  the  small  farm  of 
Viewley,  now  belongs  to  Mr.  T.  Taylor  of  Highclere,  Slaley. 

'  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey,  Q.R.  Misc.  Books  37,  38,  folio  219  b. 

-  Put.  Rolls,  3  Jas.  I.  pt.  23.  The  grant  comprised  a  newly-built  tenement  called  Rydlam  Hope,  and 
an  enclosed  pasture  there  with  grazing  for  300  sheep,  under  the  rent  of  20s. 

"  Pat.  Rolls,  8  Jas.  I.  pt.  39. 

'  To  be  sold  to  the  best  bidder  at  Mr.  Smith's  at  Blanchland,  on  Wednesday,  the  first  day  of  August 
next,  eight  hundred  bings  of  lead  ore,  well  washed  and  fit  for  smelting,  and  now  lying  at  Emley  Fell 
grove,  within  the  manor  of  Ijulbeck.  John  Bell  of  Nuckton  will  shew  the  same  ;  the  money  to  be  paid 
at  Martimas.     Netfcasllc  Couvant,  July,  1765. 

^  '  Old  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Emlcy  was  buried  at  Slaley  some  time  in  1725.'     ShotUy  Register. 

1738,  24th  June.  Will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Emley.  My  brother  Michael  Teasdale,  my  sister 
Jane  Collinywood,  and  my  brother-in-law  George  Simpson  ;  my  tenement  called  Moor-house  ;  my  wife 
Elizabeth  Teasdale.     Proved  28th  December,  1739.     Raine,  Test.  Ebor. 

Michael  Teasdale  of  Emley  was  buried  21st  December,  1739.     Slaley  Register. 

"  Slaley  Register.  '  Poll  Book.  '  Ibid.  "  Ibid. 


348  SLALEY    PARISH. 


PARISH    OF    SLALEY. 

The  parish  of  Slaley  presents  one  of  the  rare  instances,  in  the  county, 
in  which  the  ecclesiastical  and  civil  boundaries  are  conterminous,  comprising, 
as  it  does,  a  single  compact  township  of  7,517  acres.  It  is  bounded  on 
the  north  by  Dipton  wood  and  other  parts  of  the  parish  of  Corbridge,  on 
the  east  by  various  townships,  members  of  the  two  Bywell  parishes,  on  the 
south  by  Blanchland,  Newbiggin,  and  Espershields,  whilst  on  the  west  it 
is  divided  by  the  Devil's  Water^  from  Hexhamshire.  The  southern  parts 
of  the  parish  are  largely  occupied  by  the  sterile,  peaty  moors  once  part  of 
the  great  common  of  Bolbec,  now  called  Langish-fell,  Dukesfield-fell,  and 
Coalpitts-fell  ;  near  the  homesteads,  however,  and  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
village  of  Slaley  are  some  rich  old  grass  pastures.  The  village,"  which 
from  Town-head  to  Town-foot  is  a  mile  in  length,  stands  within  the  700  feet 
contour  line  ;  it  comprises  about  32  stone-built  cottages  and  farm  houses 
(some  of  which  retain  their  old  roofs  of  grey  stone  slates  or  heather  thatch), 
and  a  church  and  parsonage.^  There  are  many  small  estates  and  farms, 
although  very  little  land  is  now  under  the  plough.  The  district  is  well 
watered  by  numerous  burns  and  sikes.     The  population  in  1901  was  363.* 

A  member  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec,  Slaley,  or  Slaveley,  was,  in 
early  times,  held  by  a  family  taking  its  name  from  the  place,  several 
members  of  which  bore  the  Christian  name  of  Gilbert.  Wibertus  or 
Gilbert  de  Slaveleia,  the  first  of  the  name  on  record,  is  mentioned  in  the 
letter  addressed  to  Henry  II.  by  Walter  de  Bolbec  about  the  year  1168, 
as  holding  lands  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec  by  the   service  of  one  knight's 

'  Amongst  the  other  streams'are  the  March-burn,  Heron's-burn,  Black-burn,  Reaston-burn,  Strother- 
burn,  Trygill-burn,  Stoney-burn,  Kiln-burn,  and  Esperley-sike. 

^  About  a  mile  from  the  village,  situated  on  the  road  to  Hexham,  is  a  wayside  inn  under  the  sign  of 
the  '  Traveller's  Rest.'     The  following  lines  are  painted  on  the  sign-board  : 

'  When  you  go  by  and  thirsty  be, 
The  fault's  on  you  and  not  on  me  ; 
Fixed  here  I  stand  and  hinder  none, 
Refresh,  pay,  and  travel  on.' 

'  There  is  an  endowed  school  (rebuilt  in  1S73).  The  Free  Methodists  have  a  disused  chapel,  built 
in  1857,  and  also,  on  another  site,  a  new  structure  erected  in  igoo. 

'The  Census  Returns  are:  1801,  5S5;  iSi  i,  558 ;  1821,582;  1831,616;  1841,547;  1851,581;  1861, 
561;   1871,468;  1881,427;  1891,417;   I90'>  363- 


SLALEY.  349 

fee.^  The  name  of  Wilbert  or  Gilbert  de  Slauele  occurs  in  the  Pipe 
Rolls  of  II 70,''  as  owing  five  marks,  'that  he  enter  not  into  the  pleas 
made  in  time  of  war;'  he  paid  this  sum  into  the  treasury  and  received 
his  discharge  in  the  following  year.'  Sixty-seven  years  later  another 
Gilbert  de  Sclaueley  owed  five  marks  for  a  false  claim  ;^  he  paid  five 
marks  into  the  treasury  in  1239  '^^^^  had  his  discharge/  The  same 
Gilbert  is  stated  to  have  held  Slaveley  from  Hugh  de  Bolbec  as  the 
fee  of  one  knight  of  ancient  feoifment,*  and  it  was  probably  he  who  gave 
the  church  of  Slaley,  with  a  carucate  of  land  for  its  endowment,  and 
common  of  pasture  for  260  sheep,  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  Hexham/ 
There  are  several  small  suits  relating  to  Slaley  on  the  Assize  Rolls  of 
this  period. 

In  1256,  Walter  son  of  Roger  de  Slaueley  was  charged  by  Thomas 
son  of  Mansell  with  not  doing  suit  at  Slaley  mill  ;  and  at  the  same  assizes 
the  latter  was  himself  charged  with  disseising  Henry  de  la  Val  of  his 
common  of  pasture  at  Slavelye.  Robert  son  of  Gilbert  de  Slaley  was 
one  of  Thomas's  bailsmen.'  William  de  Slaueley  was  in  possession  of  the 
fee,  14th  November,  1262."  In  1279,  '^  certain  Adam  Melfel  of  Slaveleye 
was  a  prisoner  at  Newcastle,  and  his  chattels  {catalla),  seized  by  the  sheriff, 
were  sold  for  19s.  Sd.^"  In  July,  1283,  Roger  de  Lancaster  and  Philippa 
his  wife  entered  into  an  agreement  with  William  de  Slaueleye  and  Alice 
his  wife  respecting  common  of  pasture  in  Slaveleye."  Four  or  five  years 
afterwards,  there  were  proceedings  against  Roger  de  Lancaster  and  Philippa, 
his  wife,  who,  with  William  de  Colepottes  and  others,  were  alleged  to  have 
disseised  the  prior  of  Hexham,  the  above-named  William  de  Slaueley,  and 
other  free  tenants  in  Slaley.  It  was  stated  that  the  prior  held  one-sixteenth 
part  of  the  vill  by  the  grant  of  Walter  de  Bolbec,  and  that  the  said  William 
de  Slaueley  held  his  lands  by  the  grace  of  [blank]  de  Bolbec,  ancestor 
of  the  said  Philippa.'^ 

'  Liber  Niger  Scciccarii :  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  302. 

■  ^lag.  Rot.  Pip.  16  Hen.  II.;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  17. 

'  Ibid.  17  Hen.  II.;  ibid.  p.  ig.       '  Ibid.  22  Hen.  III.;  ibid.  p.  188.       ""  Ibid.  23  Hen.  III.;  ibid.  p.  190. 

"  Testa  de  Nevill:  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol  i.  p.  203. 

'  luspeximus  of  1298  in  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  p.  112.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  46. 

'  Northumberland  Aisize  Rolls,  Page,  pp.  27,  30.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolebek,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25.  '"  Northumberland  Assize  Rolls,  p.  344. 

"  Ibtd.  9-12  Edvv.   I.  ;    Duke  of  Northumberland's  Transcript,  p.   180, 

'-  Jbid.  16  Edw.  I.;  ibid.  p.  257. 


350  SLALEY   PARISH. 

Several    charters'    of    this    period    belonging    to    the    Rev.    William 
Greenwell  refer  to  the  mill  and  land  at  Slaley. 

'  Omnibus Willelmus  de  Sclaueley Noveritis  mc  concessisse Willelmo 

filio  Thom.ie  de  Kellawc  totam  niedietatem  molcndini  de  Sclaueley  cum  omnibus  pertinenciis  suis, 
scilicet,  cjuicquid  prius  in  eodem  mcilendino  habui,  sine  aliquo  retincmento.  Habendam  et  tencndam 
praed.  Willelmo,  heredibus  vel  assignatis  suis  de  me  et  heredibus  meis  in  feodo  et  hereditate,  cum  sectis 

et  operacionibus ad   praed.   molendinum  pertinentibus.     Ita  libcre  et   quiete  in   introitibus   et 

exitibus,  viis  et  semitis  cum  stagno  ejusdcm  molendini,  cursu  et  conductu  aquae   tarn  superius  quam 

inferius sicut  ego Licebit  eciam  praed.  Willelmo  heredibus turbas  capere 

et  fodere  infra  dominium  meum  de  Sclaueley,  et  licite  asportare  ad  reparacionem  et  facturam  eorundem 
molendini,  stagni  et  aquae  conductus  usque  praed.  molendinum  ubi  sibi  commodius  viderint,  et  molas 
infra  feodum  meum  de  Sclaueley  querere  et  asportare  sine  contradiccione  mei  et  heredum  meorum  in 
perpetuum.  Concedo  cciam  pro  me  et  heredibus  meis  quod  non  faciemus  de  cetero  nee  fieri  per- 
mittemus  aliquod   molendinum  infra  feodum  de   Sclaueley  per   quod  molendinum   praed.    Willelmi   in 

aliquo   pejoretur  seu  deterioretur.     Reddendo  inde   michi unam  rosam  ad    Nativitatem  Sci 

Johannis  Baptistae Hiis  testibus.     Hugone  de  la  Vale,   Roberto  del   Eyle  de  Wodeburne, 

Roberto  de  Meneuille,  militibus,  Willelmo  de  Tyndale,  Roberto  de  Uotelande,  Rogero  de  Toggesden 
et  aliis.  Datum  apud  Hextildesham,  die  martis  prox.  post  festum  Sci  Nicholai  Episcopi,  anno  regni 
Regis  Edwardi  sexto  decimo  [12S7].     [Sigillum  deest.] 

Omnibus Willelmus  de  Sclaueley Noveritis  me  concessisse Willelmo 

filio  Thomae  de  Kellawe  sexaginta  acras  terrae  cum  pertinenciis  de  vasto  meo  in  Sclaueley.      Habendas 

et  tenendas  praed.  Willelmo  et  heredibus  suis in  feodo  et  hereditate et  cum  communa 

pasturae  ad  omnimoda  averia  sua  vel  tenendum  suorum  infra  divisas  de  .Sclaueley.      Reddendo  inde 

annuatim  michi  et  heredibus  meis  unam  rosam  ad  festum  Sci  Johannis  Baptistae Volo  eciam 

quod  praed.  Willelmus  de  Kellawe  heredes  vel  assignati    sui  possint  praed.   Ix  acras  terrae 

includere  et  ad  culturam  redigere,   edificare  et  omne  commodium  suum  inde  facere,   salva  michi   et 

heredibus  meis  et  hominibus   de  Sclaueley  communa  pasturae  tempore  aperto Hiis  testibus. 

Dominis  Hugone  de  la  Vale.  Roberto  de  Meneuille,  Roberto  de  Insula  de  Wodeburne,  militibus, 
W'illelmo  de  Tyndale,  .^lano  filio  Ricardi,  Rogero  de  Toggesdene  et  aliis.     [Sigillum  deest.] 

Anno  Graciae  IVr.  CC°.  octogesimo  octavo  ad  festum  Sci  Martini  in  hyeme  facta  est  haec  convencio 
inter  Willelmum  de  Sclaueley  ex  una  parte  et  Willelmum  filium  Thomae  de  Kellawe  ex  altera,  videlicet, 
quod  praed.  Willelmus  de  Sclaueley  concessit  et  ad  firmam  dimisit  praed.  Willelmo  de  Kellawe  duas 
maicatas  redditus  cum  pert,  in  .Sclaueley,  annuatim  percipiendas,  videlicet,  de  Gilberto  Husband,  us.; 
de  Ricardo  Aide,  3s.  6d.  ;  de  Ada  fullone,  3s.  ;  de  Symone  molendinario,  3s.  ;  de  Thoma  de 
Welluin,  2S.  ;  de  Philippo  de  Merley,  I2d.  ;  de  Thoma  Totty,  Ijd.  ;  de  Rogero  filio  Agnetis,  8d.  ; 
de  Bernardo,  I5d.  ;  tenentibus  meis  in  Sclaueley,  medietatem,  scilicet,  ad  festum  Sci  Martini  in  hyeme 

et  aliam  medietatem  ad  Pentecosten.     Habendas ad  terminum  octo  annorum pro 

quadam  sunima  pecuniae  quam  dictus  Willelmus  de  Kellawe  mihi  prae  manibus  pacavit Et 

bene  licebit  praed.  Willelmo  de  Kellawe praed.  tenentes  meos  et  eciam  omnia  tenementa  sua  in 

Sclaueley,  ad  quorumcumque  manus  praed.  tenementa  devenerint,  dislringere  quousque  eis  de  praed. 
redditu  plenarie  fuerit  satisfactum.  Et  si  contingat  quod  praed.  Willelmus  de  Kellawe  heredes  vel 
assignati  sui  impediantur,  quin  possint  praed.  tenentes  meos  et  tenementa  sua  distringere  vel  si 
rationabilem  districcionem  non  invenerint,  cjuod  ex  tunc  possint  distringere  omnia  tenementa  mea  in 
Sclaueley  usque  ad  solucionem  praed.  redditus  plenarie  faciendam.  Et  ad  majorem  hujus  convencionis 
securitatem  dictus  Willelmus  de  Sclaueley  dicto  Willelmo  de  Kellawe  hos  plegios  invenit,  videlicet, 
Robertum  Waukelyn,  Johannem  de  Alaynscheles,  Thomam  de  Wellum,  Willelmum  de  Merley, 
Willelmum  Frere  et  Willelmum  filium  Robert!  de  le  Scheles,  quorum  quilibet  in  solidum  manucepit  pro 

se  et  heredibus  suis  ad  praed.  convencionem  fideliter  et  sine  dolo  observandam Hiis  testibus. 

Hugone  de  la  Vale,  Thoma  de  Diuelstone,  Roberto  de  Skyptone,  Nicholao  de  Yetham,  Roberto  de 
Botelande,  Willelmo  de  Tyndale  et  aliis.     [Sigillum  deest.] 

Omnibus Emericus  de  Kellawe Noveritis  me  concessisse  et  ad  firmam  dimisisse 

Willelmo  de  Hewardlawe  totam  partem  meam  molendini  de  Slaueley  cum  suis  part.     Habendam 

a  termino  Pentecostes  Anno  Dni.  M°.  CC°.  nonagesimo  octavo  usque  terminum  sex   annorum  proxime 

sequencium  plenarie  completorum Reddendo  inde  annuatim  mihi  et  heredibus  meis 

viginti  solidos  bonorum   sterlingorum medietatem  ad  festum   Sci  Martini  in  hyeme  et  aliam 

medietatem  ad  festum  Pentecostes Et  si  ego  Emericus  vei  quis  nomine  meo  ad  firmam  meam 

praedicti  molendini  evenerit  recepiendam  post  octavum  diem  praedicti  termini  expensam  fecerit  causa 
praedictae   firmae  recipiendae,  idem  Willelmus  de  Hewardlawe  vel  quiscumque  molendinarius  habcat 

allocacionem  de  expensa  faciet Hiis  testibus.     Willelmo  de  Tindale  de  Corbrygge,  Petro  le 

Harpour,  Willelmo  de  Alaynchelis,  Willelmo  frere  de  Slaueley,  Willelmo  Pull',  Alano  dicto  Solet  et  aliis. 
[Sigillum  deest.] 

.Anno  Dni  Millesimo  CCC  octavo  ad  festum  Pentecostes  facta  fuit  haec  convencio  niter  Emericuiii 
de  Kellawe  ex  una  parte  et  Johannem  de  .•\layncheylis  ex  altera,  videlicet,  quod  idem  Emericus  concessit 


SLALEY.  351 

Towards  the  end  of  the  thirteenth  century  the  local  owners  of  Slaley 
seem  to  have  been  in  a  declining  condition.  In  1288  William  de  Slaueley 
leased  certain  rents  to  William,  son  of  Thomas  de  Kellawe.  About  the 
same  time  he  made  a  grant  to  the  same  William  de  Kellawe  of  sixty  acres 
of  land  out  of  his  waste  at  Slaley,  and,  by  another  deed  dated  1287,  granted 
him  a  moiety  of  the  mill  of  Slaley.  The  person  who  thus  became  possessed 
of  this  property  belonged  to  an  ancient  stock  (which  took  its  name  from 
Kellaw,  in  the  county  of  Durham),  and  was  a  brother  of  Richard  de  Kellawe, 
who  became  bishop  of  Durham  in  131 1.  The  estate  passed,  before  1298, 
into  the  hands  of  Emeric  de  Kellawe,  brother  of  William,  who  had  died 
without  issue,  and  in  that  year  Emeric  leased  his  portion,  a  moiety,  of  the 
mill  of  Slaley  to  William  de  Hewardlawe,  granting  again,  in  1308,  a  lease 
of  the  same  moiety  of  the  mill  to  John  de  Alaynscheles.  When  or  how 
the  property  passed  out  of  the  hands  of  the  family  of  Kellawe,  there  is 
no  evidence  to  show. 

Before  the  close  of  the  thirteenth  century,  the  Knights  Hospitallers 
had  obtained  lands  in  Slaley  in  connection  with  which  the  prior  of  the 
order  in   1293  claimed  various  privileges.^ 

Slaueley  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

I    s.     d.  s.     d. 

Summa  bonorum  Adae  fuUonis  ...         146     unde  domino  legi     2     2I 

„  Waldeui  de  Slaueley 

„  Ricardi  Halte 

„  Ricardi  beicarii 

„  Willelmi  Frere         ...         

„  Thomae  ad  fontem... 

„  Willelmi  Page 

„  Alani  Solette 

„  Stephani  de  Colpottis 

„  domini  prioris  de  Hexilsham  ibidem 

Summa  totalis  villae  praedictae,  ^19  6s.  od.         Unde  domino  reyi,  35s.  id. 

et  ad  firmam  dimisit  dicto  Johanni  totam  partem  quam  habet  in  molendino  de  Slaueley  cum  secta 

Habendam adeo  bene  et  libere  sicut  Wiilelmus  de  Kellawe  [deed  damaged]  usque  ad  terminum 

decern  annorum  plenarie  conipletorum.     Reddendo  inde  annuatim xxv.  solidos  sterlingorum 

Et  est  sciendum  quod  idem  Johannes  dictum  molendinum propriis  suis  sumptibus  in  omni 

sustinebit,  et  dictum  molendinum  in  fine  dicti  termini  adeo  bono  statu  vel  meliori  sicut  illud  invenit 
dimittit.     Et  si  idem  Johannes  in  solucione  alicujus  termini  in  toto  vel  in  parte  defecerit  quod  absit, 

concedit  idem  Johannes  quod  liceat  dicto  Emerico dictum  Johannem distringere 

qualitercumque  eis  placuerit  quosque  de  arreragiis  dictae  firmae  eis  fuerit  satisfactum  ad  plenum. 
Insuper  concedit  idem  Johannes  quod  si  deficiat  in  solucione  alicujus  termini  per  octo  dies  post 
elapsum  ejusdeni,  quod  liceat  eidem  Emerico  dictam  partem  suam  molendini  intrare  si  sibi  placuerit, 

et  quod  scriptum  inter  eosdem  super  dictam  convencionem  confectum  ex  tunc  pro  nullo  habeatur 

Et  ad  majorem  hujus  rei  securitatem,  ad  dictam  convencionem,  fideliter  observandam  idem  Johannes  dicto 
Emerico  tales  invenit  fide  jussores,  videlicet,  Dominum  Thomam  de  Witewortha,  militem,  et  Willelmum 

de  Auforthe Hiis  testibus.     Domino  Philippo  de  la  Ley,  Domino  Waltero  de  Wessingtone, 

Johanne  de  Brettelay,  Willelmo  de  Farnakirs  et  aliis.     [Sigillum  deest.] 

'  Placitci  de  quo  warranto,  Edw.  I.  rot.  2  d  ;  Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  130. 


4 

6 

4 

6 

0 

17 

0 

15 

2 

16 

2 

0 

18 

2 

9 

8 

5 

3 

5 

5 

7 

10 

0 

2 

2| 

I 

6i 

3 

H 

3 

34 

I 

7l 

2 

8* 

t 

3* 

9 

7i 

6 

4f 

352  SI.AI.EY    PARISH. 

On  the  i5tli  of  July,  130S,  the  Treasurer  and  the  Barons  of  the 
Exchequer  were  ordered  not  to  intermeddle  further  with  the  lands  in 
Slaveley  and  Stele  which  had  been  taken  into  the  late  king's  hands  on 
account  of  the  madness  {fatuitas)  of  John  de  Slaueley.  In  consideration 
that  his  death  had  been  certified  to  them  and  that  the  lands  were  not 
held  of  the  king  in  chief,  the  officers  were  ordered  to  revoke  any 
sequestration  of  the  lands  which  they  might  have  made.'  Four  years 
afterwards,  on  November  23rd,  131 2,  Richard  de  Kellavve,  bishop  of 
Durham,  granted  a  forty  days'  indulgence  to  those  who  contributed  to 
the  church  at  Slaveley.^ 

Slavley  Subsidy  Roll,  1336. 

Stephanus  Coupper,  5s.;  Johannes  de  Bourdall,  4s.;  Willelmus  Couper,  3s.;  Walterus  Laundewe, 
6s.  8d. ;  Willelmus  de  Helmesleye,  5s.  4d. ;  Willelmus  Redyman,  2s. ;  Robertus  de  Stanybuin,  4s. 
Summa,  30s. 

The  local  family  appears  to  have  entirely  alienated  their  estate  at  Slaley 
before  the  end  of  the  fourteenth  century,  when  it,  or  part  of  it,  was  in  the 
hands  of  the  Ogles  and  others.  In  1362,  Robert  de  Ogle  died  seised  of 
certain  lands  then  stated  to  be  held  of  Robert  de  Herle  by  knight's  service,' 
and  two  years  afterwards  Robert  de  Herle  was  found  to  have  died  seised  of 
the  vill  of  Slaley  and  the  fulling  mill,  which  were  worth  lOOs.  a  year  ;  he 
held  of  the  king  in  chief  as  of  the  barony  of  Bolbec.*  With  Bolbec  the 
manor  of  Slaley  passed  to  the  Nevills,  and  in  the  inquisition  taken  on  the 
death  of  Ralph  Nevill,  earl  of  Westmorland,  in  1425,  it  was  found  that 
he  had  died  seised  of  four  messuages  in  Slale,  parcel  of  the  manor  of 
Stiford,  each  of  which  was  worth  4d.  per  annum ;  six  cottages,  each  of 
which  was  worth  3d.  per  annum;  100  acres  of  arable  land,  worth  id.  an 
acre  ;  200  acres  of  waste  land  and  60  acres  of  wood,  which  were  worth 
nothing  because  there  was  no  underwood.  He  also  possessed  the  pasture 
called  Sessynghope,  containing  200  acres  of  moor,  parcel  of  the  manor  of 
Stiford,  worth  3s.  4d.  a  year.'  Joan,  countess  of  Westmorland,  who  died 
13th  November,  1440,  held  as  parcel  of  her  dower  the  third  part  of  the 

'  Cal.  Close  Rolls,  2  Edw.  II.  memb.  22,  p.  75.  '  Bp.  Kellawe's  Register,  vol.  i.  p.  254. 

'  Iitq.  p.m.  Roberti  de  Ogle,  36  Edw.  III.  pt.  ii.  first  numbers,  No.  12. 

*  Inq.  p.m.  Roberti  Herle,  38  Edw.  III.  first  numbers,  No.  23. 

'  Inq.  p.m.  of  Ralf  Nevill,  earl  of  Westmorland,  4  Hen.  VI.  No.  27- 


SLALEY.  353 

vill  of  Slalee,  where  there  were  i6  messuages  and  i6  husbandlands  worth 
yearly  beyond  reprises  30s.,  and  6  cottages  which  were  worth  not  more 
than  6d.  per  annum  apiece  because  laid  waste.' 

It  is  stated  that  in  1479,  the  tenants  of  the  prior  and  convent  of  Hexham 
at  Slaley  were  John  Forister  of  Corbridge,  who  held  a  messuage  called 
Dalton-place,  situated  at  the  west  end  of  the  town,  and  paid  a  free-rent  of 
1 2d.  ;  John  Dobynson,  who  for  a  term  of  years  held  one  husbandland  and 
various  parcels  of  land  situated  at  Wade's-crofts,  Parson's-law,  Foule-well, 
Thoren-knoll,  Cote-garth,  Fat-ryding,  Chestrez,  Hollelech,  Hoghton-crofte, 
Myln-flatte,  West-crofte,  and  Schelde-schaw,  at  the  rent  of  los.  a  year; 
William  Waller,  who  for  a  term  of  years  held  a  toft  and  croft  called  the 
Prest-place  and  paid  2s.;  Henry  Hanson,  who  for  a  term  of  years  held  a  toft 
and  croft  called  Lumbard-place  at  the  rent  of  3s.  4d.  a  year;  and  Richard 
Hunter,  who  for  a  term  of  years  held  a  husbandland  with  a  toft  and  certain 
lands  situated  at  Matfennes-acre  and  at  West-croftes  at  the  rent  of  3s. 
The  prior  and  convent  and  their  tenants  had  the  right  to  dig  in  the  peat 
mosses,  and  the  turbarv  on  the  common  and  thence  to  take  estovers  and 
all  necessaries.  The  convent  possessed  a  cattle  fold  at  the  east  end  of 
the  vill,  with  an  adjacent  garden,  which  contained  an  acre,  and  common 
of  pasture  for  fifteen  score  of  sheep."  At  the  period  of  the  dissolution  of 
the  monasteries,  George  Hirde  held  in  Slaley  a  tenement  with  two  acres 
of  meadow  and  five  acres  of  arable  land  at  the  yearly  rent  of  5s.' 

Slale  Muster  Roll,  1538.' 

Georg  Hord,  Georg  Symson,  Rauff  Hord,  Anton  Anguis,  Richard  Bulman,  Rog.  Huysson,  Matho 
Hogg,  Robert  Farbyk,  Willm  Farbyk,  Antone  Hord,  John  Down,  James  Heron,  and  WiUme  Heron; 
able  with  hors  and  harnes. 

About  the  year  1 543,  Slaley  was  harried  and  burnt  by  the  Liddesdale 
thieves,  who  carried  off  some  of  the  inhabitants  as  prisoners.  The  duke 
of  Suffolk,  writing  to  the  Privy  Council  on  the  12th  of  June  of  that  year, 
reports  that  the  Armstrongs,  the  Routledges,  and  the  Nixons  had  offered 
to  provide  100  horse  and  100  foot  men  to  serve  the  king,  'so  that  they 
may  have  their  frendes  nowe   beinge   prisoners  in  the   castels  of  Carlisle 

'  Inq.  p.m.  of  Joan,  countess  of  Westmorland,  19  Hen.  VI.  No.  42. 

"  Black  Book  of  Hexham,  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  i.  p.  27.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  46. 

^  Survey  of  estates,  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  i.  p.  165.  Surt.  Soc.  No.  46.  None  of  these 
place-names  can  be  identified.  .  ^,.^;,_  ^^;  ^^^  ^^^-^^^  ^,^1  |^  p   ^^g^ 

Vol.  VI.  45 


354 


SI.AI.HY    I'ARISH. 


and  Aliuvik,  wlio  were  takinge,  robbinge,  and  biirninge  in  linglond,  to 
be  discharged  and  set  at  libertie,  and  also  to  put  at  libertie  foure  prisoners, 
Englisshe  men,  which  they  toke  at  the  burning  of  Sleyley,  whan  there 
kynnesmen  were  taken.'' 

After  the  barony  of  Bolbec  was  confiscated  to  the  Crown ^  on  the 
attainder  of  the  earl  of  Westmorland,  an  exhaustive  survey  was  made,  and 
it  was  found  that  the  manor  of  Slaley  produced  ^"lo  i8s.  gd.  per  annum. 
There  was  one  free  tenant,  Rowland  Comyn,  who  held  his  tenement  and 
twenty  acres  of  land  by  charter,  in  free  socage  by  service  and  suit  of  court, 
and  the  free  rent  of  id.  The  lands  formerly  belonging  to  the  religious 
houses  were  in  the  hands  of  the  queen's  tenants,  who  apparently  paid  to  the 
lord  various  rents  amounting  to  21s.  iid.,  and  there  were  eighteen  tenants 
who  held  by  leases  at  various  rents  amounting  to  ^9   i6s.  gd. 

Slavley  Tenanis  at  will  of  the  Queen,  1570. 


Tenant. 
Robert  Wytherington,  gent. 
John  Horde  (iSd.)  and  John  Jenny  (i8d.) 

Anthony  Carre      

Andrew     Carre'    (gd.)    and    Laimcelot 

Carre  (i8d.)        

Nicholas  Carre     ... 

Sir  John  Fostei,  kniyht   ... 


Holding. 

2  closes  in  Slayle 

2  closes  of  land  containing  3  acres 

I  enclosure  of  land  containing  I  acre 

I  enclosure  called  West  Croft 
I  cottage  with  appurtenances 
I   cottage  with  certain  lands  and  pastures  for  feeding 

his  sheep  at  Syssynhopp  ...         

Sum,  2 IS.   I  id. 


Yearly 

Rent. 

s. 

d. 

..     8 

0 

••     3 

0 

..     I 

0 

2 

3 

..     I 

0 

6     8 


Tenant. 

George  Horde 


Nicholas  Hord 
Thomas  Dening 


Slalev  Leasehold  Tenants,  1570.' 

Holding,  Term. 


I  messuage  with  all  lands,  meadows,  feed- 
ings and  pastures  thereto  belonging  in 
Slayley 

I  messuage,  with  all  its  appurtenances, 
called  Newbiggyng 

I  tenement  with  all  lands,  etc.     ... 


Date  of  Indenture. 


21  years     15th  Sept.,  1556 

21  years     25th  Aug.,  1C56 
21  years     25th  Aug.,  1556 


Rent, 
s.      d. 


9     o 
15     4 


'  Hamilton  Piipers,  Bain,  vol.  i.  p.  543. 

■  At  the  same  time  the  following  tenements  in  Slaley  belonging  to  John  Swinburne  of  Chopwell  were 
also  confiscated:  a  tenement  in  the  occupation  of  Anthony  Carr,  rent  5s.;  a  tenement  in  the  occupation 
of  WilMam  Angus,  rent  6s.  8d.;  a  tenement  in  the  occupation  of  George  Tesdale,  rent  8s.;  a  tenement  in 
the  occupation  of  Robert  Baynebrygg,  rent  185.;  a  tenement  in  the  occupation  of  Andrew  Carre,  rent 
13s.  4d.     Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey. 

'  loth  February,  1595.  Will  of  Andrew  CaiT  of  Sialic  towne.  To  be  buried  in  the  church  or 
churchyard  of  Slayley.  I  give  my  farmhold,  which  I  hold  by  lease,  to  Alice,  my  wife,  for  her  life,  and 
then  to  my  brother,  Matthew  Carr  ;  to  my  son-in-law,  John  ISainbrigg,  one  gray  nag,  and  to  my 
son-in-law,  Cuthbert  Bainbrigg,  one  black  cowe.  I  owe  Richard  Teasdale  of  Slaley  town,  20s.  Pr.  1597. 
DuHuun  ProbaU  Registry.  ,  ^^^^^  ^„^  Homberston's  Survey. 


SLALEY. 


555 


Tenant. 

Alice  Patyson 


Rowland  Stephenson 
John  Hord 


Rowland  Comyn     ... 

Nicholas  Dodd 
William  Heron 
Thomas  Tesdall 
Thomas    Cuthbert, 

alias  Blacklide     ... 
John     and     William 

Carr 
David  Agoys 
George  Partus 
George  Tesdall 

Rinian  Horde 
Margaret    Ledall, 

widow 
Gerard  Horde 


Slaley  Leasehold  Tenants,  1570  (c 

Holding. 

I  messuage  with  all  buildings  thereon,  gar- 
dens, orchards,  arable  land,  meadows, 
feeds,  pastures,  commons,  and  other  its 
appurtenances     

I  messuage  with  all  its  appurtenances   ... 

1  enclosure  called  Blacke  Struders,  and  i 
part  of  a  water  mill  called  Marcheborne, 
with  suit,  soc,  water  course,  and  other 
appurtenances 

2  parcels  of  land,  newly  enclosed,  in  the 
fields  of  Slaley 

I  tenement  with  all  appurtenances 

I  tenement  with  all  lands,  etc 

I  tenement  with  all  lands,  etc 

I  tenement  with  all  appurtenances 

I  tenement  with  all  appurtenances 

I  tenement  with  all  lands 

I  messuage  with  all  lands 

I  enclosure  of  arable  land  containing   12 

acres 
I  tenement  with  all  lands,  etc 

1  tenement  with  all  appurtenances 

2  inclosures,  pasture  containing  8  acres  ... 

Sum,  £9  i6s.  gd. 


ontiintid). 
Term.  Date  of  Indenture. 


certain 

years  — 

21  years     20th  Feb.,  1565/6 


10  years  15th  Sept.,  1566  ... 

21  years  20th  Sept.,  1566  ... 

15  years  12th  March,  1566/7 

21  years  12th  March,  1566/7 
certain 

years  — 
held  as 

above  — 


certam 
years 


Kent. 
6.     d, 


7     a 
9     o 


6  o 

4  o 

10  6 

19  8 

10  9 

6  5 

17  10 

9  o 

'2  3 

5  o 

13  3 


6     8 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Wardens  of  the  Marches  held  at  Bells-kirk  in 
Liddesdale  on  April  30th,  1590,  Anthony  Greenwell,  Thomas  Heroun  and 
Lancelot  Teesdalle  complained  upon  Arche  Ellott,  son  of  Martin  Ellott, 
and  others,  for  stealing  from  Slealie  on  September  i6th,  1588,  twelve  kye 
and  oxen,  with  insight  gear,  worth  £6.^ 

The  details  of  the  survey  made  in  1570  may  be  compared  with  the 
following  abstracts  of  another  survey  made  thirty  years  later  : 


Tenant. 

Robert  Wade 


Survey  of  Slalie,  1608.    Leasehold  Tenants.^ 

Holding.  Tenure. 

a  tenement,  called  Steele-hall,  comprising  a 

house,  barn  and  garth,  6  acres  of  arable  land, 

14  acres  of  meadow,  30  acres  of  pasture  in  the  by  letters  patent 

Lingie  heath  and  common  of  pasture  upon  granted  to  him 

Beldowne-fells  without  stint,  formerly  in  the  8th  Aug.,  1606, 

tenure  of  George  Ourde           for  40  years  ... 


Rent. 

s.      d. 


Value, 


196 


'  Cat.  Border  Papers,  Bain,  vol.  i.  p.  350. 


Haggat  and  Warde's  Survey. 


356 


SLALEY    PARISH. 


Survey  of  Slalie,  1608. 


Leasehold  Tenants  (continued). 

Tenure. 


Rent, 
s.     d. 


*Richard  Teesedale 


*Richard  Teesedale 


14  o 


18  o 


Raphe  Carre 


Nicholas  Dodd   ... 

William  Cudberte 
Hugh  Ridley 


8  o 


by  lease  expired     90         o  13     4 


Tenant.  Holding. 

Robert  Farlam    ...    i  a  tenement,  called  Steele-hall,  comprising  a 
house,  barn,  o.\-house  and  garth,  4  acres  of 
arable  land,  10  acres  of  meadow,  10  acres  of    by  letters  patent 
pasture  in  the  Lingie  heath  and  common  of      granted  to  him 
pasture  in  the  Beldowne-fells  without   stint,       8th  Aug.,  1606, 
formerly  in  the  tenure  of  George  Ourde       ...       for  40  years  ... 
I  tenement,  comprising  house,  barn  and  garth, 
18  acres  of  meadow  and  pasture,  and  common     by  letters  patent 
of  pasture  in  Brownes  Law-fell  and  Crooke-      dated  loth  Feb., 
fell  without  stint,  late  in  the  occupation  of      1 591/2,   for  21 

Robert  Banbrigge         years. 

I  tenement,  comprising  house,  barn  and  garth, 
12  acres  of  meadow  and  pasture,  and  common 
of  pasture  in  the  fells  without  stint,  late  in 

the  occupation  of  Andrew  Carre        „ 

♦Richard  Teesedale    i  tenement,  comprising  8  acres  of  meadow  and 
pasture,  and  common  of  pasture  in  Eastcleugh 
and  Todlees  without  stint,  late  in  the  occu- 
pation of  George  Teesedale    ...         ...         ...  „ 

I  'tenement,  comprising  house,  barn,  ox-house 
and  garth,  3  acres  of  arable  land,  4  acres 
meadow,  and  common  of  pasture  in  East- 
cleugh and  Todlees  without  stint,  late  in  the 

tenure  of  David  Angus 

I  tenement,  late  in  the  occupation  of  Nicholas 

Dodd,  his  father  

I  cottage 

I  tenement,  comprising  house,  barn  and  garth, 
12  acres  of  arable  land  and  3  acres  of  meadow 
land,  both  in  the  North-field,  3  beastgates 
in  the  maine  wood,  common  in  Brounslee, 
Hollin-hill,  and  Cokslake  without  stint,  late 
in  the  occupation  of  John  Ridley 
I  tenement,  comprising  a  house,  barn,  and 
garth,  8  acres  of  arable  land  in  the  North- 
field,  3  acres  of  meadow,  also  in  the  Northfield, 
and  3  beastgates  in  the  maine  wood,  common 
of  pasture  in  Brownslee,  Hollin-hill,  and 
Cokslake  without  stint,  late  in  the  occupation 

of  John  Liddall „        „     ...   11  3 

I  tenement,  comprising  a  house,  barn,  and  garth, 
5  acres  of  arable  land  in  the  North-field, 
common  of  pasture  in  Cokslake  and  Brownes- 

lee,  late  in  the  tenure  of  John  Cuthbert  ...  by  lease  expired  6  5 
5  a  tenement,  comprising  a  house  and  barn,  45  by  letters  patent 
acres  of  arable  land  in  South-field,  North-field,  dated  8th  Aug., 
and  West-close,  ih  acres  of  meadow,  and  1606,  to  Robert 
common  of  pasture  in  Cowe  Strother-footes,  Wade,  for  40 
latein  the  occupation  of  John  Foster,  his  father      years 130 

*In  margin  'parcel  of  Swinborn's  landes,  attainted.' 


10  6 
o  4 


Robert  Liddall 


Thomas  Cuthbert 


John  Foster 


Value, 

£     s.     d. 


3  10 


o  16 
o     I 


by  lease  expired  13  3  10 


SLALEY. 


357 


Survey  of  Slalie,  1608.    Leasehold  Tenants  (continued). 


Tenant. 

Cuthbert  Carr 


John  Partis 


Holding. 

i  a  tenement,  comprising  a  house,  barn,  and 
garth,  4  acres  of  arable  land,  8  acres  of 
meadow,  common  of  pasture  in  Cowe  Strother- 
foote         ...         ...         

I  tenement,  comprising  house,  barn,  and  garth, 
10  acres  of  arable  land,  8  acres  of  meadow, 
and  common  of  pasture  in  Cokslake  and 
Brownes-lone  without  stint,  late  in  the  occu- 
pation of  George  Partis 

Sum  of  leasehold  rents  in  Slalye,  ^8   i 


Tenure. 


by  letters  patent 
dated  30th  May 
1595,  to  John 
Eions,  for  21 
years  ... 


Rent. 


12      3 


Value. 


3      4 


Survey  of  Slalie,  1608.    Tenants  at  Will. 


Tenant. 

Robert  Withrington,  gent. 


John    Horde    and     John 

Jennye  ... 
Andrew   Carre   (gd.)  and 

Lancelot  Carre  (i8d.)... 
*Claudius  Foster,  gent.  ... 

Gawin  Heron      


George  Teasdale 

(        ) Comyn      

*In  the  margin  :  '  It  is 


Rent, 
s.    d. 


8 


3 


2     3 


6     8 


'9 

5 


o  16 


Holding, 
holds  2  closes  of  land  containing,  by  estimation,  12  acres 

'  sometimes  taken  of  the  common,  not  haveing  ought  to 

shewe  for  the  same' 
hold   2  closes   of  course    pasture,   containing    3    acres, 

without  any  lease   ... 
hold  2  closes,  called  the  West-crofte,  containing,  by  esti- 
mation, 3  acres,  without  lease  or  other  evidence  shown 
holds  I  cottage  and  pasture  for  sheep  at  a  place  called 

Sissenhope  ... 
holds  part  of  a  tenement,  called  the  Sheele-hall,  without 

lease  or  other  evidence  shewn,  late  in  the  occupation  of 

William  Heron 
Holds  1  close  of  arable  land,  containing,  by  estimation, 

16  acres,  by  lease  not  shewn        

holds  2  incroachments,  taken  out  of  the  fields  of  Slalye, 

granted  to  George  Little  by  letters  patent  expired 

Sum  of  rents  in  Slaly  held  at  will,  £2  Ss.   5d. 

pretended  this  somme  is  answeared  in  the  rent  of  ^13  6s.  8d.  for  Stiford 


s.    d. 


5 


o  15 


2     8     5 


Several  grants  of  lands  at  Slaley  are  found  on  the  Patent  Rolls  of 
this  period.  On  February  15th,  1606/7,  a  forty  years'  lease  was  granted 
to  Thomas  Mery,  the  chief  clerk  of  the  privy  kitchen,  of  a  tenement 
and  lands,  then  in  the  tenure  of  William  Heron,  at  the  rent  of  19s.  8d., 
and  of  a  close,  in  the  tenure  of  George  Teasdale,  at  the  rent  of  5s.,  parcels 
of  the  possessions  of  Charles,  late  earl  of  Westmorland,  attainted.'  On 
October  i8th,  1607,  at  the  request  of  William,  baron  Mounteagle,  'to  whom 
the  king  is  indebted  for  the  discovery  of  the  Gunpowder  Plot,'  a  tenement 
in  the  tenure  of  George  Hudd,  at  the  rent  of  5s.,  formerly  belonging  to  the 


Pat.  Rolls,  4  James  I.  part  29. 


358  SLALEY    PARISH. 

prior  and  convent  of  Hexham,  was  granted  to  Thomas  Emerson  of  London, 
esq.*  The  latter  immediately  conveyed  to  George  Ward  and  Justinian 
Povey,  by  indenture  of  bargain  of  sale,  dated  January  22nd,  1607/8,  who,  in 
the  following  year,  sold  the  premises  to  Ralph  Fenwick,  gent.,  and  Richard 
Parker,  yeoman.  In  1621  Fenwick  and  Parker,  by  two  several  deeds, 
conveyed  a  tenement  and  a  parcel  of  ground  to  John  Forster,  son  of  David 
Forster,  deceased,  and  other  lands  to  Hugh  Ridley  and  Agnes,  his  wife, 
daughter  of  Michael  Dixon."  In  1663  John  Forster  and  Henry  Ridley  were 
respectively  rated  at  ^"3,  and  in  1668  they  conveyed  their  lands  in  Slaley  to 
Sir  William  Blackett.' 

Slaley  Subsidy  or  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  1665.* 

Thomas  Teasedale,  John  Teasedale,  William  Cuthbert,  Andrew  Thompson,  Richard  Teasedale, 
John  Forster,  Thomas  Motland,  John  Steale,  Robert  Bainbrigg,  Richard  Fairebrigg,  Widdow  Carr, 
Widdow  Fairebrigg,  John  Motland,  John  Teasedale,  Lance  Bainbrigg,  Richard  Teasedale,  William 
Carr,  Mathew  Thompson,  Henry  Carr,  Henry  Smithe,  Ralph  Carr,  Humpherey  Hewes,  John  Hearon, 
John  Forster,  Thomas  Ellott,  Widow  Fearelam,  Thomas  Fearlam,  Richard  Fearlam,  Thomas  Teasedale, 
Widdow  Teasedale,  Richard  Bell,  Lewes  Fearlam,  each  one  chimney;  Widdow  Sanderson,  Hugh 
Roadham,  Lancelot!  Fareburne,  Edward  Wattson,  John  Bell,  Nicholas  Ridley,  Maudlin  Kirkebridge, 
Widdow  Nicholson,  Thomas  Milburne,  'not  payable.' 

The  proprietors  who  were  assessed  for  lands  in  'Slaley  town,'  in  1663, 
were  Sir  Thomas  Widdrington,  ;^3  ;  Mr.  W.  Sanderson  of  Healey,  £b  \ 
Richard  Teasdale,  ^14  ;  widow  Farbrigg,  £\o  ;  Richard  Teasdale,  junior, 
£^  ;  John  Forster,  ;^3  ;  and  Henry  Ridley,  £},.  There  were  also  other 
proprietors  who  owned  farms  or  estates,  which  are  mentioned  later. 

At  the  election  for  the  knights  of  the  shire  in  17 10,  Jerrard  Carr,  Henry 
Carr,  John  Fairbridge,  Jerrard  Kell,  Cuthbert  Marley,  George  Mowbray, 
John  Salmon,  Isaac  Teasdale,  Richard  Teasdale,  senior,  and  Richard 
Teasdale,  junior,  voted  in  respect  of  their  freeholds  in  Slaley,  and  Matthew 
Carr  of  Marley  Coat  Walls  and  Samuel  Teasdale  of  Steel-hall,  voted  for 
those  places  respectively.  At  the  election  in  1716,  to  fill  the  place  of 
Thomas  Forster  of  Adderston,  John  Bainbridge,  Gerard  Carr,  Henry  Carr, 
William  Carr  of  Slaley  Wood-foot,  John  Farbridge,  George  Mowbray  of 
Allenheads,  William  Richardson,  John  Salmon  of  Black  Strothers,  John 
Teasdale  and  Richard  Teasdale  voted  for  their  lands  in  Slaley  ;    Matthew 

'  Pat.  Rolls,  5  James  L  pt  24.  '-  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'a,'  pp.  63-67. 

'  Jbid.  '  P.R.S.  Subsidy  Roll,  J§|. 


SLALEY.  359 

and  Ralph  Carr  of  Marley  Coat  Walls,  John  Heslop  of  Todburn  Steel, 
Andrew  and  Lancelot  Jobling  of  Blackburn,  and  Samuel  Teasdale  of 
Steel-hall   voted   for  those   respective   places.' 

Up  to  1765  the  freeholders"  and  tenants  of  Slaley  possessed  very 
extensive  grazing  rights  and  common  of  pasture  upon  Bolbec  common, 
which  they  enjoyed  in  intercommon  with  many  other  townships  within  the 
ancient  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew.  The  following  persons,  as  already 
stated,*  received  allotments  in  respect  of  their  lands  within  the  parish  of 
Slaley.  Fractions  of  an  acre  are  omitted,  and  also  the  qualifying  tenements 
in  Slaley  unless  otherwise  stated  : 

John  Bainbridge,  57  acres;  William  Bainbridge,  esq.,  37  acres;  Sir  Walter  Blackett,  58  acres; 
George  Carr,  126  acres  ;  Henry  Carr,  infant  heir-at-law  of  Matthew  Carr,  4  acres  ;  John  Carr,  148  acres; 
William  Carr,  12  acres;  John  Farbridge,  15  acres;  Joseph  Farbridge,  63  acres;  Leonard  Farbridge,  24 
acres  ;  George  Green,  75  acres  ;  Matthew  Maudlen,  2  acres  ;  James  Roddam,  22  acres  ;  John  Robson,  7 
acres;  Thomas  Teasdale  the  younger,  122  acres;  Fewster  Teasdale,  151  acres;  Richard  Teasdale,  96 
acres ;  Sir  Walter  Blackett,  for  Colpitis,  276  acres,  for  Dukesfield,  East,  West,  and  Middle  Dukesfield, 
Dukesfield  smelt  and  corn  mills,  895  acres;  William  Carr,  for  the  Strothers,  i  r  acres;  heirs  of  Ralph  Carr 

'  The  following  freeholders  voted  in  1723;  John  Bainbridge,  Gerard  Carr,  Henry  Carr,  John 
Fairbridge,  George  Green  of  Shortmoor,  Gerrard  Kell,  John  Mawdland,  William  Richardson,  John 
Salmon  of  Black  Strothers,  John  Teasdale,  Nicholas  Teasdale  of  Allenshields,  Richard  Teasdale  of 
Ebchester,  and  Richard  Teasdale  all  voted  for  lands  in  Slaley  ;  William  Carr  of  Slaley  Wood-foot  voted 
for  that  place  ;  Matthew  and  Ralph  Carr  of  Marley  Coat  Walls,  Lancelot  Jobling  of  Blackburn,  and 
Samuel  Teasdale  of  Steel-hall  respectively  voted  for  those  places ;  Cuthbert  Heron  of  Birtley  voted 
for  Shield-hall  ;  and  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Combe-hills  voted  for  that  place. 

The  following  freeholders  voted  in  1734:  Henry  Carr,  Henry  Carr  of  Hill-head,  Matthew  Carr  of 
Hexham,  William  Carr  of  Slaley  Wood-foot,  John  Farbridge,  Henry  Gibb,  George  Green  of  Capheaton 
Whitehouse,  Thomas  Roddam,  John  Teasdale,  Nicholas  Teasdale  of  Allen-shields,  and  Richard 
Teasdale,  sen.,  respectively  for  lands  at  Slaley  ;  Ralph  Carr  of  Marley  Coat  Walls,  John  Heslop  of 
Todburn  Steel,  and  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Comb-hill,  voted  in  respect  of  these  places  respectively  ; 
William  Giles  of  Slaley  for  Pryhouse;  John  Salmon  of  Slaley  for  Comb-hill  ;  and  John  Shackelton  of 
Gateshead  for  Steel-hall. 

At  the  election  of  1748  Henry  Carr,  jun.,  John  Bainbridge,  Henry  Carr,  Joseph  Farbridge,  William 
Giles,  Matthew  Maudlen,  James  Roddam,  John  and  Richard  Teasdale  all  voted  for  Slaley;  John  Salmon 
of  Black  Strothers,  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Comb-hill,  William  Wallis  of  Pryhead,  John  Carr  of  Slaley 
Wood-foot,  Ralph  Carr  of  Marley  Coat  Walls  voted  for  those  places  respectively;  Nicholas  Teasdale  of 
Allensheels,  Fewster  Teasdale  of  Hexham,  Edward  Kirsop  of  Wall,  George  Carr  of  Newcastle,  Henry 
Giles  of  Winlaton,  and  George  Green  of  Ryal  voted  for  lands  in  Slaley  ;  John  Heron  of  Wall  voted  for 
Shield-hall  ;  Ch,  Rocket  of  Newcastle,  John  Shackelton  of  Newcastle,  and  Teasdale  White  of  Hums- 
haugh,  voted  for  Steel-hall. 

"^  The  following  freeholders  voted  at  the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1774,  in  respect  of 
freeholds  in  Slaley  :  John  Bainbridge,  William  Carr,  Henry  Carr,  Joseph  Farbridge,  Leonard  Farbridge, 
Edward  Kirsop,  Matthew  Maudlin,  George  Proud,  Thomas  Robson,  James  Roddam,  John  Robson, 
George  Stephenson,  Richard  Teasdale  and  Thomas  Teasdale,  all  of  whom  resided  at  Slaley  ;  Thomas 
Bell  of  Comb-hill  voted  for  Comb-hill  ;  Banister  Bailes  of  Newcastle  voted  for  Steel-hah,  Matthew  Carr 
of  Hexham  for  Slaley  ;  Tohn  Carr  of  Slaley  Wood-foot  for  Slaley  Wood-foot  ;  Edward  Elliot  of  Strothers 
for  Strothers;  George"  Green  of  Thockrington  for  Slaley;  Henry  Giles  of  Pryhouse  for  Pryhouse; 
Jos.  Watson  of  Slaley,  schoolmaster,  for  Slaley;  John  Heron  of  Lee-hall  for  Shield-hall;  George  Lowes, 
of  the  Lee,  for  Shield-hall ;  John  Newton  of  Ryton  for  the  Bush  ;  George  Ridley  of  Strothers  for  the 
Strothers;  John  Salmon  of  Black  Strothers  for  Black  Strothers;  Fewster  Teasdale  of  Axwell  Park  for 
Slaley;  Thomas  Wallis  of  Pryhead  for  Pryhead;  John  Ward  of  Brunsheelhaugh  for  Slaley;  and 
John  Farbridge  of  Playwell  for  Playwell.  3  Supra   p.  231. 


360 


SLALEY   PARJSH. 


of  Marley  Coat  Walls,  41  acres;  heirs  of  George  Davison,  for  Marley  Coat  Walls  and  Wall  Field-head,  96 
acres  ;  William  Kcnwick,  esq.,  for  Eastwood-house  and  mill,  22  acres ;  William  Giles,  for  the  Pryhouse, 
30  acres;  the  Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners,  for  Wooley,  168  acres;  John  Heron,  for  Shield-hall, 
305  acres;  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hudson,  curate  incumbent  of  Blanchland,  for  Blackburn,  49  acres; 
Wilkinson  Kirsop,  Banister  Bayles,  John  Salmon  and  Teasdale  White,  Jointly,  for  lands  in  Slaley, 
Slaley  Woodfoot,  and  East  Strothers,  208  acres,  and  the  same  for  Steel-hall,  Red-lead  mill  and  Western 
Byres,  852  acres  ;  William  Lowes,  esq.,  for  Todburn  Steel,  194  acres ;  Geo.  Ridley,  for  Strother-dales,  9 
acres  ;  John  Salmon,  for  Black  Strothers,  26  acres  ;  Thomas  Teesdale  the  elder,  for  Combhills,  39  acres  ; 
Robert  Vazie,  for  Boghall,  20  acres;  the  heirs  of  William  Weddcll,  for  the  Bush,  18  acres;  the 
Rev.  William  Wharton,  curate  incumbent  of  Slaley,  for  the  churchyard,  3  acres,  and  the  same  for 
Carr's  estate,  27  acres.' 

'  Award  in  the  custody  of  the  clerk  of  the  peace,  see  supra,  p.  231. 


TEASDALE  OF  SLALEY. 


George  Teasdale,  a  leasehold  tenant  in  Slaley  in  1570  (/). 


Richard  Teasdale  held  a  tene- 
ment in  Slaley  in  i6oS,  late  in 
the  occupation  of  George 
Teasdale  (_g) ;  bur.  1st  March, 
1635/6  (.6). 


I 


Thomas  Teasdale  of 
Slaley,  the  elder ;  will 
dated  14th  Oct.,  1652  ; 
pr.  1663  (;)  ;  to  be  bur. 
in  Slaley  churchyard. 


Gerard       Teasdale, : 
dead  shortly  before 
the   date    of    his 
brother  Thomas's 
will  (0- 


Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  the  younger,  will  ==  Frances  (ir). 
dated  29th  Nov.,  1636,  pr.  same  year,  men- 
tions his  father  Richard  Teasdale  deceased 
(«)  ;  to  be  buried  in  Slaley  church. 


I     I     I     I 
1  homas.    | 
John. 
Agnes. 
Jane.  ; 


I     I      I       I 
John,  living  1652. 
Lancelot,  dead  before  1652. ^l' 
Jane,   named  in   the  will  of 

her  brother  Thomas. 
Margaret,  mar Chatt. 


All  named  in  the 
will  of  their 
uncle  Thomas 
in  1652  (f). 


Nicholas  Teasdale,  eldest  son,  who 
by  his  father's  will  was  ordered  to 
pay  the  legacies  out  of  moneys  to 
be  received  from  the  estate  of 
his  grandfather,  Richard  Teasdale, 
deceased  (<r). 


Richard  Teasdale  (f),  named  in 
his  father's  will  (^A)  ;  assessed  for 
lands  in  Slaley  in  1663  ;  living 
1667  and  16S6;  [?  married  at 
Hexham,  26th  September,  1656, 
Mary  Salmon]. 


Thomas  Teasdale  of  = 

Slaley  ;  will  dated 
29th  December, 
1669  (^)  ;  to  be 
buried  in  Slaley 
church. 


I      I      I 

Cuthbert  Teasdale 
[?  of  Dalton  in 
He.xhamshire  ;  if 
so  he  left  issue]. 

John. 

Elizabeth. 


Thomas  Teasdale,  eldest  son  (*), 
executor  to  his  father's  will  (pro- 
bably afterwards  of  Steel-hall ). 


.     I 
W  illiani 

(0. 


I  .Ml 

Richard  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  junior  (<)  ;  ^  Mary,  an  executrix  Joseph  (^). 

will  dated  24th  March,  1684,  pr.  1685  ;  of  her  husband's  Dorothy  (.?). 

to  be  buried  in  Slaley  churchyard  (^).    I        will,  and  tutrix  of  Mary  (.?). 

I        his  children  (^). 


Richard  Teasdale  (^  ; 
under  age,  20th  May, 
1686  (0. 


I   I    !    I 

Frances. 
Susan. 
Sarah. 
Elizabeth. 


All  under  age 

>-     20th     May, 

1686   W. 


{a)  Slaley  Register.  (//)  M.l.  Slaley.  (r)  Miss  Sillick's  Papers. 

(<)  Durham  Probate  Registry.  (/)   Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey. 

(Ii)  Documents  with  Mr.  L.  C.  Lockhart. 


((/)  Alnwick  Register  and  M.L 
(^)  Haggat  and  Ward's  Survey. 


SLALEY. 


361 


Thomas  Teasdale  of  Combhill,  Slaley,  died  7th  December, 
1771,  aged  88  (/i). 


Thomason  ,  died  6th  March,  1733/4, 

aged  37  (a)  {i}. 


Thomas, 
bapt. 

I  Sth 
July. 
1733 

*^^"">  •. 
died  in 

infancy. 


Thomas  Teasdale  of 
Shiley,  bapt.  26th 
Dec,  I726(fl);  bur. 
I4lh    May,    1820, 

aged  94  ('OC');™''' 
dated    nth    May, 
1820;  proved  23rd 
,  April,  1 82 1  (.4). 


Mary  Carr,  Richard  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  bapt.  8th  Feb., 

mar.   24th  1733/4(3);  party  to  deed  2nd  April,  1760 

May,  1759  (0:  -"^  May,  1 816,  mortgaged  his  lands 

(fl)  ;    died  to  Thomas  Taylor  of  Blanchland  (c)  ;  and 

20th  Jan  ,  by  will  dated  14th  May,  1S21,  gave  his  real 

1824, aged  estate  to  his  sons  Thomas  and  Richard  as 

84  (A).  tenants  in  common  (</)  ;  died  26th,  buried 
28th  March  1822,  aged  88  («). 


Margaret  [  ?  Lee 
of  the  parish 
of  Edmond- 
byres,  banns 
pub.  Apr.  1768 
(«)] ;  died  21st 
Febry.,  1816, 
aged  69  (a). 


Thoma- 
son, 

baptised 
i8th 
July, 
1723 


Thomas    Teasdale    of    Slalej-,    bapt.    19th  Fewster, 

March,  1769  (a)  ;  party  to  deed  dated  1st  twin  with 

Nov.,    1833    (<:)■      By    deed    dated    23rd  John,  bp. 

April,  1842,  he  settled  his  moiety  of  his  3rd  .'\pr., 

father's    lands    on    his    nephew    George  1773  («). 
Teasdale  of  Alnwick  (r)  ;  died  13th  Dec, 
1842,  aged  72  (a). 


I 
John  Teasdale,  twin 
with  Fewster,  bapt. 
3rd  Apr.,  1773  («); 
mentioned  in  the 
wills  of  his  father 
and  his  brother 
Richard  (r)  ;  died 
1 2th  Jan.,  1842  (a). 


I 
Richard  Teasdale,  bapt. 
3rd  Dec,  1775  (3) ; 
]iarty  to  deed  dated 
1st  Nov.,  1823  (<r)  ; 
died  22nd  .Aug.,  1S37, 
aged  62  fa)  (c  ;  will 
dated  1 8th  August, 
1S37  (0. 


oseph, 
bapt.  26th 
Apr.  1778 
(rt);  [bur. 
24th  Oct., 
iSig.aged 
41  («)]. 


,  I 
Mary,  dau.  of  =  William    Teas-  =  Hannah,  dau.  of 


Edw.  Hen- 
derson of 
Newton-by- 
the-Sea,  d. 
1 2th  Dec, 
1813,  aged 
23  W- 


dale  of  Aln- 
wick, bapt. 
nth  May, 
17S3  (a);  d. 
1st  Decem- 
ber, 1 83 1, 
aged  48  (a"). 


Re\'.  George  (?) 
Di.xon,  curate  of 
Norhani,  buried 
7th  Feb.,  1871, 
aged  86  {d). 


I      I      I      I 
Elizabeth,  bapt.  28th  Dec,  1770  (a)  ;  mar.  28th  Oct,  1792,  John 

Bell  of  Slaley,  smelter  (a)  ;  living  a  widow  1821  (c). 
Thomason,   bapt.   22nd  Oct.,  1780  (a)  ;  mar.  30th  June,   1804, 

John    Chatt  of  Dotland  (a),  afterwards  of  Eddysbridge  (a)  ; 

dead  before  182 1  (c). 
Margaret,  bapt.  3rd  Sept.,  1786  (a)  ;  bur.  24th  March,  1787  (a). 
Margaret,  bapt.   27th  April,   1788  (a)  ;    mar.   9th    Nov.,   1811, 

George  Vicars  of  Stanhope  (a)  ;  living  1821  (c). 


I      I      I 
William  Teasdale, 

died     20th     Jan., 

1S32  aged  20  (f/). 
Mary,  died  .Majch 

Sth,     1816,    aged 

3  years  (</). 
Sarah,     died     9th 

Nov.,  1826,  aged 

I4)'ears  (a"). 


I 
George  Teasdale  of  .Aln- 
wick, nephew  and  devi- 
see of  Thomas  Teasdale 
of  Slale)',  partj'  to  deeds 
dated  23rd  April,  1842 
and  2Ist  April,  1843  (c); 
sold  his  lands  24th  Jan., 
1852,  to  James  Sillick 
(0- 


„     I      I      I 

Richard,  died  in  infancy,  25th  Jan.,  1819  (</). 

Richard  Teasdale  of  Upper  Thames  St.,  London, 
as  o\\ner  in  re\eisiun  of  lands  in  Slaley  rnider 
the  will  of  his  uncle,  Richard  Teasdale,  sold  the 
same  24th  January,  1852,  to  James  Sillick  of 
Newcastle  (c)-  He  left  issue  Percy,  Richard, 
and  other  children.     ..j, 

William  Teasdale  of  Edinhnrgh,  left  issue  three 
daughters.  ^ 


1      I      I      I       ^ 
Elizabeth,  mar.  Edward 

Thew  of  Shortridge. 
Margaiet,     mar.     Maik 

Smith  of  Alnwick. 
Hannah,    mar.    George 

Wilson  of  Alnwick  and 

of  London,  solicitor. 
Jane,    mar.  Edward    T. 

Tuinbull  of  .Alnwick. 


John  Teasdale  of  Sla- 
ley, baptised  23rd 
March.  1765  (a); 
died  24th  July,  1834, 
aged  69  (,6)  ;  will  dated 
loth  January,  1828  ; 
proved  22nd  July, 
1837  (/,). 


Elizabeth,  dau. 
of  John  Mar- 
tindale,  born  at 
Crosby  hall, 
Westmorland  ; 
mar.  lOth  May, 
1792  (a). 


Thomas  Teas- 
dale,  bapt. 
24th  .March, 
1768(a);  d. 
l8th,  buried 
2 1st  June, 
1 84 1,  aged 
73  («)  (•*). 


I 


I  III 

William,     bapt.     Thomason,   baptised    25th    June,    1761    (a)  ; 
ilthApril,i77i        buried  nth  May,  1763  (a), 
(a)  ;    died  31st     Susanna,  baptised  28th  Dec,  1763  (a)  ;  buried 
Aug.,       buried         nth  May,  1764  (a). 

3rd  September,  Mary,  baptised  21st  Nov.,  1773  (a)  ;  mar.  5th 
1841,  aged  70  Sept.,  1793,  Richard  Close,  clerk,  sub-curate 
(a)  (/;).  of  Slaley  (a),  and  vicar  of  Hunstanworth. 

Susanna,  baptised  Sth  Dec,  1 776  (a) ;    died 
23rd  Oct.,  185 1,  aged  75  (/<). 


Thomas  Teasdale  =SarahCarr,dau.of 
...  Carr  of  New- 
castle, auction- 
eer, died  2 1  St 
April,  iS97,aged 
91  (a). 


of  Slaley,  bapt. 
23rd  Sept.,  1792 
(a)  ;  died  23rd 
March,  1879, 
aged  86  (a). 


I 
John  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  bapt. 
5th  .May,  1796  (a)  ;  died 
nth  July,  1883,  aged  87 
(a)  ;  he  and  his  wife  Anne 
were  parties  to  a  deed  4th 
May,  1841  (/}). 


William,  bapt.  Richard  Teasdale,  =  Agnes  . . .  died 

29lh       April,  bapt.   27th  Feb.,          at        Crosby 

1799  (a);  d.  1805    (a);    died         Garrett     Sth 

loth       June,  ^./.  and  intestate          June,      1868, 

1839, aged  39  (^),    2nd    Aug.,         aged  61  (//). 

(a),unmar.(/4)  l839,aged34(a). 


John  Carr  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  baptised 
6th  January,  1828  ;  now  owner  of  the 
house  opposite  Slaley  church,  built  by 
his  great-grandfather  in  1769. 


Elizabeth  Sarah,  mar. 
John  Shield  of  East- 
gate,  Hexham,  and 
died  s.p. 


Sarah,  baptised  2nd  March 
1794  (a)  ;  married  Robert 
James  ;  died  29th  June, 
1824,  aged  30  (//). 


Thomason,  baptised  6th 
June,  1801  (a)  ;  died  7th, 
buried  loth,  June,  1825, 
aged  24  (a)  (/O- 


Vol.  VL 


46 


362  SI.AI.EY    PARISH. 

Evidences  to  Teasdale  Pedkjkee. 

1636,  sgih  November.  Will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  the  younger.  To  be  buried  wiihin  the  church  of 
Slaley :  to  my  sons  Richard  and  Thomas  20  marks  apiece,  to  my  son  Cuthbert  £^o,  to  my  son  John  12  shape  ;  to 
my  daughter  Elizabeth  Teasdale  20  marks  ;  to  Robert  Ward  and  Frances  his  wife  20?. ;  to  .Agnes  Olliver  40  shepe 
going  with  Ralph  Carr  at  Low  Fawderley  ;  to  John  and  Ellinor  Oliver  my  sister's  children  19  shepe  going  with 
Anthony  Forster  ;  to  Robert  Teasdale  one  mare  and  one  foale,  and  to  .Mabell  Teasdale,  his  daughter,  one  black 
qu)'e  ;  to  the  poor  of  the  parish  of  Slaley,  los.  yearly  for  seven  years  ne.xt  coming.  I  will  that  the  above  legacies 
shall  be  paid  by  my  eldest  son  Nicholas  Teasdale  at  such  time  as  he  shall  receive  in  such  sum?  of  money  as  are 
made  unto  him  by  my  father,  Richard  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  now  deceased.  Residue  to  my  wife  Frances  Teasdale, 
whom  I  make  executor,  along  with  my  son  Thomas.  Proved  1636.  Amount  of  Inventory  £t,(i  5s.  8J.  Durham 
Pivihate  Registry. 

1652,  14th  October.  Will  of  Thomas  Teasdell  of  Slayley,  the  elder,  yeoman.  To  be  buried  within  the 
churchyard  of  Slayley  ;  to  my  brother,  John  Teasdell,  my  title  and  tenement  of  Coale-pit,  &c. ;  to  John,  Agnes, 
and  Janie  Teasdell,  children  of  my  brother  Gerard  Teasdell,  deceased,  and  to  Jane  Teasdell,  daughter  of  my  brother 
Lancelot  Teasdell,  deceased,  seven  kine,  six  calves,  fifty  sheepe,  and  all  my  insight  goods  (except  some  parcells  here- 
after mentioned)  equally  amongst  them  ;  to  Margaret  Chatt  (?)  my  sister,  one  howle  of  rye  ;  to  Matthew  Wilson, 
late  minister  of  Slaley,  one  bushell  of  rye;  to  Jane  Teasdell,  my  sister,  my  almery  being  at  Slaley;  to  Agnes 
Teasdell  aforesaid,  my  great  cupboard  ;  to  Jane  Teasdell,  my  brother  Lancelot's  daughter  aforesaid,  one  almery 
and  one  cawell,  being  at  Colepitts,  after  the  death  of  my  brother  John  Teasdell  ;  to  John  Teasdell  my  brother, 
John  Teasdell  my  nephew,  Alice  Brown,  Agnes  Te:isdell,  Jane  Teasdell  and  Thomas  Teasdell,  one  stack  of  rye  and 
one  stack  of  oates,  to  be  equally  between  them.  Residue  to  Thomas  Teasdell,  son  of  my  brother  Gerard  Teasdell 
deceased,  he  executor.      Proven  29th  September,  1663.     Amount  of  Inventory  ;^io6  3s.  4d.     Uid. 

1669,  29th  December.  Will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slealey,  yeoman  ;  to  be  buried  in  the  parish  church  of 
Slaley  ;  to  my  eldest  son  Thomas  Teasdale  all  my  tenements  and  houses  ;  to  my  second  son  William,  my  third 
son  Richard,  and  my  youngest  son  Joseph  Teasdale,  /"so  apiece  when  21  ;  to  my  daughters  Dorothy  and  Mary 
Teasdale,  /"30  apiece  when  21.  Residue  to  my  eldest  son  Thomas  Teasdale,  he  executor.  Inventory  amounting 
to  £i2i,  appraised  by  Richard  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  gent,  R)bert  Newton  of  Stocksfield,  William  Brown  of  Whitton- 
stall,  and  Thomas  Newton  of  Bromley,  yeomen.     Jfiid. 

1684/5,  24th  March.  Will  of  Richard  Teasdaile,  jun.,  of  the  town  of  Slaley.  To  be  buried  in  the  churchyard 
of  Slaley.  To  my  son  Richard,  all  my  houses  and  land  when  he  arrives  at  full  age.  Residue  to  my  wife  and 
children.     Wife  and  son  Richard  executors.      Proved  1685.      J/>i,/. 

1685/6,  9th  January.  Inventory  of  Richard  Teasdaile,  jun.,  appraised  to  ^^73  I2s.  by  Richard  Teasdaile  of 
Slalev,    senior,  Cuthbert  Teasdale  of  Dallon,  Isaac  Teasdale  of  K   .  .  .  .  and  John  Johnson  of  Hamhurn-hall.     /hit/. 

1686,  20th  -May.  Tuition  of  Richard,  Frances,  Susan,  Sarah  and  Elizabeth  Ttasdaile,  children  of  Richard 
Teasdaile,  late  of  Slaley,  were  committed  to  .Mary  Teasdaile  of  Slaley,  widow.  Surety  to  bond,  Richard  Teasdaile 
of  Slealey,  yeoman.      Ikiii. 

1787,  27ih  November.  Will  of  Fewster  Teasdale  of  Axwell  Park.  My  lands  in  Slaley,  etc.,  to  my  wife,  Mary 
Teasdale,  for  her  life,  then  to  Richard  Teasdale,  son  of  Cuthbert  Teasdale  of  Hexham,  gentleman,  in  tail  male. 
Miss  Baynes'  Deeds. 

Fewster  Te.isdale's  widow  re-married  William  Thompson  of  Ferry-briilge,  innkeeper,  and  died  August,  18 14, 
when  Richard  Teasdale,  the  reversioner,  then  residing  in  London,  succeeded.  He  died  at  Toulouse,  in  France,  on 
the  22nd  April,  1S41,  having  survived  his  only  son,  Richard  Burrow  Teasdale,  a  lieutenant  in  the  13th  Regiment  of 
Licht  Drai;oons,  who  died  at  Stafford  Place,  Pimlico,  on  the  loth  August,  1S2S.  Richard  Teasdale  had  also  a 
daughter,  Anne  Elizabeth  Teasdale,  who  was  living  unmarried  in  1S42,  when  she  sold  the  Peel-flat  and  Play  well 
farms  in  Slaley.     Il>ui. 

1820,  nth  May.  Will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slaley.  To  my  sons  Thomas  and  William,  ;f2oo  apiece  ;  to  my 
daughter  Mary  Close,  /"200  ;  to  my  daughter  Susanna,  ;^200  and  household  furniture  ;  to  my  grandson  Jon" 
Blackburn,  £20  ;  residue  to  my  son  John,  he  executor.  Proved  at  Durham  23rd  April,  1821.  Ex  inf.  Mr.  L.  C. 
Lockhart. 

1828,  loth  January.  Will  of  John  Teasdale  of  Slaley.  I  give  my  real  estate  to  my  four  sons  Thomas,  John, 
William  and  Richard,  as  tenants  in  common  in  equal  shares.  Proved  by  John  alone,  22nd  July,  1837,  at  Durham, 
Ibi.!. 


SLALEY. 


563 


The  following  pedigree  is  that  of  a  junior  line  of  the  family  which  seltlttl  in  the  parish  of  Staindrop  apparently 
in  connection  with  lead  mining  : 


Teasdale  : 


I 


Abralinm  Teasdale  of  Dalton,  in  Htx- 
hamshire,  executor  to  Isaac  Teasdel 
of  Whitwell  grange  (n);  bur.  4th  Mar., 
1 748/9  (./)  ;  adm.  of  his  personal  estate 
granted  iqtli  Februaiy,  1751/2,  to 
Margaret  Hunter,  widow  (a) 


I 
Isaac  Teasdale,  in  171S,  of 
Staindrop,  purchased  lands 
in  Whitwell  grange,  co. 
Durham  (/<)  ;  will  dated 
l6th  Jan.,  1729,30;  proved 
28ih  June,  1739.* 


Janet,     dau. 
and  co-heir- 
ess of  Thos. 
Middleton 
of  Cleat- 
lam  (i). 


Jacob  Teasdale,  nanitd 
in  the  will  of  his 
brother  Isaac. 


Thos.  Teas- 
dale  of 
Durham. 

4^ 


I 


Jane  mar Ridley. 

■4^ 


Cuthbert  Teasdale,  son  and 
heir,  to  whom  his  father 
gave  his  lands  at  Whit- 
well grange. 


I 


Middleton  Teasdale  of  Whitwell  grange,  succeeded  =  Anne,  dau.  of  John  Bacon  of  New- 

brotigh,  married  October  30th, 
1750.  She  re-married  Henry 
Wastell. 


his  brother.      Was  residing  at  Beaufront  when   he 
made  his  will  15th  July,  1758,    proved   28th    Dec, 


1758  («)■ 


Middleton  Teasdale,  son  and  heir,  died  unmarried.     By  will  dated  6th  March, 
1806,  gave  Whitwell  grange,  etc.,  to  his  maternal  aunt  Jane   Bacon  (//). 

*  1729/30,  l6th  January.  Will  of  Isaac  Teasdale  of  Whitwell  grange,  co.  Durham,  gent.  My  lands,  coal 
mines,  &c.,  at  Whitwell,  to  my  eldest  son  Cuthbert  Teasdale  and  his  heirs,  remainder  to  my  son  Middleton  Teasdale 
and  his  heirs,  rennainder  to  Thomas  and  John,  sons  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Durham,  and  John  and  Isaac,  sons  of  my 
sister  Jane  Ridley,  My  brother  Jacob  Teasdale,  Mr.  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Durham,  Mr.  Abraham  Teasdale  of 
Dalton  in  Ilexhamshire,  and  Mr.  Richard  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  jun.,etc.     Proved  28th  June,  1739.     Raine,  Tes/.  Elwr. 

(ji)   Raine,  Test.  Elor.  {/,)  Surtecs  Durham,  vol.  i.  p.  82.  (c)   Gy'.l's  Diary.  (</)  Hexham  Register. 

Besidts  tlie  homtsteads  and  hamlets  which  have  been  more  particularly 
mentioned  there  are  others  bearing  the  names  of  Ryal  or  Ryehill,  Pry, 
Flothers,  Peel-flat,  Comb-hills,  Swangs,  Cocklake,  Palmstrothers,  Black 
Strothers,  Trygill,  Uockendale,  Ridley-hall,  etc.  At  the  present  time  the 
landed  proprietors  in  the  parish  of  Slaley  are  : 


Mr.  W.  Warde-Aldam,  who  owns  Cletigh,  Branchend,  Flothers,  Pry,  and  Milways  ;  Miss  Catherine 
Baynes,  Low  House,  Ryeliill  and  .Shield-hall,  Feel-flats,  East-woodfoot,  I'ahn  Strothers,  Marley  Coat 
Walls  ;  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont,  IJukesfield,  Steel-hall,  and  Wooley  ;  Mr.  Robert  Bell,  the  Building  ; 
Mr.  Thomas  Burdus,  Cornerfield;  Hon.  F.  Bowes- Lyon,  Todburn  Steel;  Mr.  \V.  Blackburn,  Diplon-foot  ; 
Mr.  Henry  Carr,  Strothers  and  Scotland  ;  Rev.  W.  Cockin,  as  incumbent  of  Medomsley,  lands  in  Slaley ; 
Mr.  W.  Di.xon,  White-house  ;  Rev.  J.  C.  Dunn,  as  incumbent  of  Blanchland,  Blackburn  ;  Mr.  George 
Hornsby,  Quarry-house  ;  the  executors  of  T.  Green,  Moor  Gair  ;  Mr.  John  James,  Lead-way-field  ; 
Mr.  Teasdale  James,  Burnside  ;  Mr.  William  James,  lands  in  Slaley  and  High-field  ;  Mr.  John  W. 
Jameson,  Lawn-house  ;  Rev.  I^.  C.  Jones,  as  vicar  of  Hunstanworth,  Blue  Gables  ;  Mr.  George  Lamb, 
Comb-hill  and  lands  in  Slaley  ;  Mr.  W.  C.  Martin,  Burnside  ;  Messrs.  J.  and  W.  R.  Maughan,  lands 
in  Slaley;  Mr.  Christopher  Nixon,  Middle  Strothers;  Mr.  Wm.  Porter,  Springhouse  ;  Mr.  George 
Ridley,  lands  in  Slaley  ;  Mr.  William  Ridley,  the  Square  and  Garden-house  ;  Messrs.  George  and  John 
Robson,  Cocklake  ;  Mr.  John  Robson,  lands  in  Slaley  ;  Mr.  Joseph  Sanderson,  Holly-hill  ;  Rev.  William 
Sisson,  as  incumbent  of  Slaley,  Quarry  house,  etc.  ;  Miss  Sillick  of  Newcastle,  Boghall,  Slaley  North 
Side,  Slaley  South  Side  ;  Mr.  Thos.  Taylor,  Highclear,  Townhead,  and  Clark's  Moss  ;  Mr.  John  Carr 
Teasdale,  lands  in  Slaley;  Mr.  '1  hornton  R.  Trevelyan,  lands  in  Slaley;  Mr.  Christopher  Watson, 
Ridley-hall  ;  Mr.  William  Wear,  Colpits,  Reaston,  and  Trygill  ;  Mr.  John  Willy,  Holly-hill  ;  the 
Witham  Trustees,  tithe  rent  charge. 


3^4 


SLALEY    TAKISH. 


MOWBRAY    OF    SLALP:Y.    AND    OF    MORTIMEI^,    BERKSHIRE. 


AKMS  :    GuUs^  a  lion  rutnttitit  ermtnt  Irvo  flaunches  iff,  eiich  charged  w  Ih  thy  ft  bitlets  in  ftaU  azuif, 
CkesT  :    An  oak  tree  or,  tberffrotn pendant  an  escotheon  gttles  charged  with  a  /ion's  head  erased  arf^ent. 

John  Mowuray  purchased  laiuls  at  the  Steel,  in  Hexh:iinshire,  in  1669  from  Thomas  Sanderson  of  ==  Jane  . 
Healey  (A)  ;  will  dated  15th  June,  1687  ;  died  I/lh  June,  1687  ;  buried  in   Hexham  church  19th 
June,   'hie  una  cum  Josepho,  filio  tertio  suo,  sepultus  jacet  in  spe  beatae  rcsurrectionis*  (;^). 


John  Mowbray, son  and 
heir,in  1687  admitted 
to  lands  in  Kast  Allen- 
dale (^)  ;  party  to 
the  sale  of  the  Steel 
in  1689  (^h) :  [?  died 
at  AUenheads  ;  bur. 
January,  1719/20  («)]. 


Richard  Mowbray,  of  the  parish  -. 
of  Slaley  in  166S,  afterwards  of 
AUenheads,  steward  of  Sir 
William  Blackett's  lead  mines 
in  East  .Mlendale ;  buried  in 
■Mlendale  church  2nd  Sept., 
1695  {a)  :  will  proved  at  York 
9th  November,  1693  (1^). 


Margaret  Harrison 
of  AUenheads.  mar. 
2 1st  May,  i668(rt); 
proved  her  hus- 
band's will  9lh 
Nov.,  1693  H). 


I      I     I      I 

George,liv.  l68g(A). 

loseph,  died    17th 

June,  i687(,/)  (,<..). 

Thomas,  ba]).  26th 

June,  1670  ((/). 
Richard. 


.Mary,  eldest  dau., 
mar.  John  Swin- 
burne of  Black- 
hall,  and  died  in 
child-bed  Nov. 
2 1  St   1690  (^). 


I  I 

Sarah.  lane  [?   mar.  gth   May,  1695,  William 

Sanderson  of  Penrith,  solicitor  (</)]. 


I 
Hannah. 


I 
George  Mowbray  of  AUenheads, 
succeeded  his  father  as  steward  of 
the  lead  mines  of  East  Allendale  ; 
afterwards  of  Wolsingham,  where 
he  died  i6th  April,  1750,  aged  go 
(/)  ;  will  dated  13th  April,  1750  ; 
proved  7th  May,  1752  (c). 


I     I     I 

Mary,     dau.  Joseph,  bapt.  26th  June,  1679  (a);  ap- 

of    Thomas  apprenticed  1st  Aug.,  l6g6,to  Joseph 

Teasdale  of  Atkin-on,  Newcastle  ;  liv.  1701  (;). 

the      Steel,  Robert,   apprenticed    1st   December, 

mentioned  1703.    W   John   Allgood   of   New- 

in    her    fa-  castle,  boothman  ;  living  1704  (;). 

ther's  will.  Jonathan,  bapt.  June,  1692  (a). 


I      I      I 
Hannah,    baptised    March 

5th,  1668/9  («)• 
.Mary,    baptised     February 

I2th  1676/7  («). 
Mary,      baptised     lanuary 

26th,  16S1/2  («). 


Thomas,  baptised 
2 1  St  May,  1700 
(n),  buried  27th 
July,  1706  (a). 

John,  bapt.  29th 
March.  1705 
(a),  buried  3rd 
July,  1705  (rt). 


Teasdale  .Mowbray  of  Wolsingham, 
afterwards  of  Bishop  Wearmouth, 
baptised  24th  November,  1706  {a) ; 
of  Oueen's  Coll.,  0.\on.  ;  matric. 
30th  June,  1727,  aged  20  ;  in  175° 
purchased  the  New-hall  farm  at 
Ford,  CO.  Durham  (f)  ;  died  .... 
aged  82  (c). 


Anne,  dau.  and  heir  of 
Thomas  Reedof  Bishop 
Wearmouth  ;  married 
at  Bishop  Wearmouth 
25th  May,  173S  (c)  ; 
will  dated  September 
2nd,  1758  (c). 


I      I      I 

Mary,  baptised  24th  February, 

1703/4  00- 

Jane,    buried    3rd    July,     1706 

Eleanor,  baptised  23rd  .•\ugust, 
1709(a);  buried  23rd  January, 
1709/10  (a). 


George  Mowbray  of  Ford,  baptised  at 
Bishop  Wearmouth  25th  Sept., 
iTi9(/)\  of  Oueen's  Coll.,  Oxon. ; 
matric.  24th  .April,  1758,  aged  18; 
died  1st  August,  1791  ;  buried  at 
Bishop  Wearmouth  (c). 


Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Anthony  Wilkinson  of 
Crossgate  ;  she  re-mar. 
John  Goodchild  of 
Pallion,  and  was  living 

1814  (0. 


Anne,  baptised  gth  August,  1702  (a)  ;  [? 
wife  of  Thomas  Whitfield,  the  '  earl ' 
of  Clargill  in  Alston-moor ;  had  issue 
.Anne  \Vhitfit-ld.  'countess'  of  Clargill, 
who  married  Thomas  Graham  of  Carlisle, 
M.D.,  and  dying  s.p.  left  Clargill  to  George 
Mowbray  (c)]. 


George  .Mowbray  of  Ford,  co.  Durham,  and  of  Mortimer,  Berks, 
born  29th  December,  i769,onIy  surviving  issue;  of  Oueen's  Coll., 
Oxon.;  matric.  igth  .April,  17S8,  aged  19;  will  dated  13th  June, 
1799  ;  proved  at  York  15th  November,  1799  {_i). 


Jane,  daughter  and  heir  of  Oliver  Thomas,   born  1772, 

Coghill    of    Coghill-hall,    co.  died  1773  (c). 

Ebor.  (c)  ;    she  re-mar.  John  Deborah,  born  1771, 

White,  captain  R.N.  (c).  died  young  (c). 


George  Isaac  Mowbray  of  Bishop  Wear- 
mouth and  of  Mortimer  ;  died  25th 
June,  1823  ;  buried  in  the  Nine  .Altars 
in  the  cathedral  at  Durham,  2nd  July, 
1823,  aged  31. 


Elizatjeth,  dau.  of  Robert  Gray,  D.D..  rector  of 
of  Bishop  W'earmoulh,  and  afterwards  bishop  of 
Bristol  ;  mar.  Nov.,  1S21  ;  died  at  Durham,  and 
was  buried  in  the  Nine  .Altars  in  the  cathedral 
there  iSth  Feb.,  1823,  aged  24. 


I 


Elizabeth  Gray  Mowbray,  daughter  and  heiress,  married  19th  .August,  1847,  John  Robert  Corni 

License    26th    July,    1847, 'assumed    the    name    of    Mowbray;     M.P.   for    Durham    1S53 

for  Oxford   University;    created   a   baronet  3rd  .May,  1S80;    died  1899.  .^ 


Thomas  Mowbray,  captain 
R.N.,  of  Yapton-house, 
Sussex,  born  2Sth  .August, 
1793  ;  sold  his  lands  in 
Shotley  in  1822. 
4- 

sh  of  Exeter,  who,  by  Royal 
to     1868  ;    afterwards    .M.P. 


(a)  Allendale  Registers. 
(/)  Gyll's  Diary. 
(,/;)  .Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  deeds 


((5)  Raine,  Test.  Ehor.  (c)  Surtees  Durham,  vol.  i.  pt.  ii.  p.  242. 

(4)  .M.I.  formerly  at  Hexham  ;  cf.  Proc.  of  Newcastle  Soc.  of  Antiq., 
........ V  J.....4.-  (■^■j  Newcastle  .Merchant  .-idventurers,  Dendy,  vol. 


((/)  Hexham  Register. 
iv\.  viii.  pp.  147-148. 
ii.  Surt.  Soc.  No.  loi. 


SLALEY.  365 

Evidences  to  .Mowisrav  Pedigree. 

1687,  June  15th.  Will  of  John  Mowbray  of  the  Steel,  Norlhumberland,  gent.  1  give  to  my  wife,  Jane,  ^200, 
and  to  my  son  George  ;^"ioo,  they  executors  ;  to  my  sons  Joseph  and  Thomas,  and  my  daughter  Mary,  ^100  each  ; 
to  my  daughter  Sarah,  j^8o  ;  to  my  daughters  Jane  and  Hannah,  and  to  my  son  Richard,  ^50  apiece  ;  1  give  to  my 
executors  my  mortgage  of  my  lands  I  live  on,  called  Easter  and  Wester  Steeles,  in  Hexhamshire,  and  my  lands  in 
Slaley,  and  my  messuage  and  lands  at  Wolsingham,  to  be  sold  to  pay  debts  and  legacies.     Raine,  Test.  Elioi: 

lydy,  February  24th.  A  little  before  this  time  George  Mowbray,  only  child  of  Teasdale  Mowbray,  esq.,  and  his 
sweetheart.  Miss  Coles  of  Sedgefield,  broke  off  their  intended  marriage  after  the  marriage  settlements  had  been  prepared 
according  to  agreement  and  ready  to  be  executed.     Her  uncle  Wiight  was  blamed  for  this  interruption.     Gyli's  Diary. 

The  following  abstracts,  taken  from  wills  remaining  in  the  Probate 
Registries  at  Durham  and  York,  refer  to  some  of  the  numerous  families  of 
Carr  which  have  been  settled  for,  at  least,  three  centuries  at  or  near  He.xham. 

1612,  May  8tli.  Will  of  George  Car  of  the  parish  of  Slaley.  To  be  buried  in  my  parish  church 
yarde.  To  my  wife,  Anne  Car,  one  branded  o.xe ;  to  my  son,  Richard  Car,  one  black  branded  oxe ;  to 
my  daughter,  lilanch  Car,  one  stott  and  three  hogges  ;  residue  to  my  wife  and  children,  they  executors. 
Proved  12th  October,  1612.     Diirluim  Pivbntc  Registry. 

1627,  April  17th.  Will  of  Ralph  Carr  of  Slaley."  To  be  buried  in  the  church  yard  of  Slaley.  To 
my  daughter,  Isabell  Homble,  40s.,  or  else  a  whye  and  one  swarme  of  bees  ;  to  my  son,  William  Car  of 
Hexham,  los. ;  to  my  son,  Matthew  Carr,  20s.  ;  to  Richard,  Thomas,  Jane,  and  Lucy  Carr,  children  of 
the  said  Matthew  Carr,  10  grots  apiece  ;  to  Raf,  sone  of  the  said  Matthew  Carr,  5s.  ;  to  William,'  son  of 
Richard  Carr  of  Hexham,  a  gimmer  lamb  ;  to  Ralph  Carr  of  the  Eastwoode,  2s. ;  to  Matthew  Carr,  son  of 
John  Carr,  2s.  ;  to  Ralph,  the  son  of  Thomas  Carr,  one  gimmer  lamb  ;  to  Lancelot,  son  of  Cathron 
Bainbridge,  2s.,  etc.,  residue  to  wife  Alice,  she  executrix.  Proved  loth  October,  1629.  Liventory, 
^42   17s.  4d.     Ibiil. 

1644/5,  January  12th.  Will  of  Richard  Carr  of  Slaley,  yeoman.  To  be  buried  within  the  church- 
yard of  Slaley.  To  my  wife,  Margaret  Carr,  four  kine  and  one  gray  mare;  to  my  daughters,  Mary  and 
Alice  Carr,  one  cowe  apiece  ;  to  my  brother,  Ralph  Carr,  one  white  nagg  ;  and  to  my  sister,  Agnes 
Carr,  5s.  ;   residue  to  wife,  she  executrix.     Proved  1647.     Inventory,  ^27  6s.  8d.     Ibid. 

1752,  February  25th.  Will  of  Henry  Carr,  the  younger,  of  Slealey,  yeoman.  My  funeral  to  be 
managed  by  Eleanor,  my  wife.  To  my  nephews,  Matthew  and  William  Carr,  sons  of  my  late  brother, 
William  Carr,  deceased,  my  two  pieces  of  land  called  the  Strother  Dales  at  Slealey  ;  to  my  nephew,  John 
Carr,  son  of  my  late  brother  William,  my  houses  and  lands  at  .Slealey  and  the  residue,  he  e.xecutor  ;  my 
wife  to  have  my  dwelling-house  at  Slealey  during  her  widowhood  for  her  thirds,  and  .£40,  etc.,  etc.  ; 
to  my  niece,  Mary  Bainbridge,  ^{^40  ;  to  my  nephews,  Henry  and  Samuel  Carr,  sons  of  my  late  brother 
William,  ^40  each  ;  to  my  nephew,  Matthew  Carr,  surgeon,  son  of  my  late  brother,  Matthew  Carr  of 
Newcastle,  deceased,  ^120.     Proved  26th  September,  1753.     Raine,  Test.  Ebor. 

1756,  January  27th.  Will  of  Matthew  Carr  of  Hexham,  gent.  I  give  my  lands  in  Hexham  East 
Common,  etc.,  to  my  son-in-law,  Christopher  liell  of  Hexham,  tanner,  and  my  daughter  Dorothy,  his 
wife,  for  life,  and  then  to  their  children  ;  I  give  to  my  son,  John  Carr,  ^15  per  annum  out  of  my  estate  at 
Slealey,  which  I  purchased  of  Joseph  and  Leonard  Farbridge,  during  the  joint  lives  of  the  said  John  and 
Matthew  Carr,  my  son  ;  also  ;f  15  to  my  son  Matthew  Carr  ;  to  my  brother  John  Carr,  ^3  per  annum 
out  of  Slealey ;  to  the  Rev.  Benjamin  Pile,  ^i  los.  per  annum  whilst  he  is  minister  of  the  congregation  of 
Protestant  dissenters  in  Giligate,  in  Hexham  ;  to  my  eldest  son,  George  Carr,  my  estate  at  Slealey  and 
Hexham,  my  farm  called  -"^comb  West  Barns;  he  executor.  Proved  January  23rd,  1758.  Raine, 
Test.  Ebor. 

1767,  March  19th.  Will  of  Eleanor  Carr  of  Slaley,  widow.  To  be  decently  buried  in  the  churchyard 
of  Slaley,  near  m>  late  husband,  Henry  Carr.  My  nephew,  Cuthbert  Bainbridge,  sole  executor.  My 
nephews,  Thomas  Bainbridge,  John  Bainbridge  of  Roughside-in-Derwent,  and  John  Bainbridge  of  Slaley ; 
my  niece  Anne  wife  of  Joseph  Makepeace  of  Cowbiers.     Proved  April  7th,  1769.     Raine,  Test.  Ebor. 

An  estor  of  the  family  of  Carr  of  Dunston-hill:  r/.  History  of  the  Jainily  of  Ctirr  (privately  printed, 
1893),  vol.  i.  p.  230. 


£   s. 

<i. 

s. 

ri. 

I    1 1 

6 

uncle 

d 

0111  i  no 

leyi 

o 

loi 

I    16 

6 

» 

3 

d 

'    '5 

6 

n 

3 

2| 

I    iS 

10 

,, 

3 

6i 

2       2 

1 1 

,, 

3 

loj 

366  SI-AT.EY    PAK'ISII. 

Woolcy  is  sitii;iti.'cl  at  the  iu)rth-\vest  extremity  of  the  parish,  and  abuts 
on  the  Devil's  Water.  In  the  thirteenth  century  it  was  of  sufficient 
importance  to  have,  alonj;  with  vShield-hall,  a  separate  assessment  for  the 
subsidv  of  1296. 

WUI.I.AWI'.    AND   SCHKMS   SUHSn)V    Kol.l,,    1 296. 

Sumnia  bonoruni  Julianae  del  Schelis  ... 
„  Ricardi  Wyntay 

„  Ricardi  filii  Tyok 

„  Henrici  de  Woullawc 

,,  Ricardi  filii  Adae 

Sumuia  totalis  villae  dc  Wtdlawc  et  Schelis,  ;fy  5s.  3d.     Unde  reyi,  i6s.   lojtl. 

There  remains,  in  the  Treasury  at  Durham,  a  charter,  dated  at  Wllawe, 
'die  Jovis  pro.x.  post  festum  S.  Mathiae  Apli.,  1325'  (February  2nd,  1325/6), 
by  which  Thomas  de  Wllawe  grants  to  William,  son  of  Richard  de  Retford 
of  Eggesliue,  and  Johanna,  his  wife,  all  his  messuage,  lands,  woods,  etc.,  in 
Wllawe,  iuxta  Slaueley  ;  witnesses,  William,  son  of  Thomas  de  Tyndale, 
John  Forster  of  Corbrigge,  Robert  de  Hydewyne,  Walter  de  la  Lauden, 
Robert  de  Stanyburne.^  In  the  same  repository,  there  is  another  charter, 
granted  at  Slaueley  on  Monday,  November  23rd,  1327,  by  which  Matillis, 
daughter  of  William  de  Slaueley,  quit-claimed  to  William,  son  of  Richard 
de  Retford  of  Eggisclif,  all  her  right  in  WoUaw  ju.xta  Slaueley.  Amongst 
the  W'itnesses  are  Sir  William  de  Tyndale,  knight,  Waldeve  del  Colepotts, 
and  Hugh  del  Mynstanacre.^  In  another  charter  Robert,  son  of  Richard, 
son  of  Adam  Arkewyrth  of  VVllaw,  quit-claims  to  Thomas,  son  of  Henry  de 
Wllaw,  all  his  right,  etc.,  in  WUaw  and  le  Cheleys,  with  their  appurtenances, 
to  be  held  of  the  chief  lord  of  the  fee.  The  witnesses  are  Robert  Delaval 
(de  le  Wale)  knight,  Robert  Wakelyne,  John  de  Alayncheleys,  William, 
his  brother,  and  William  de  Wellum.^  By  a  deed  executed  at  Wllaw  on 
Sunday,  November  5th,  1335,  Hugh  de  Routhside,  chaplain,  grants  to 
William  de  Eggesclif,  and  Johanna  his  wife,  all  the  lands  in  Wllawe  which 
he  held  by  grant  of  the  same  William.  In  case  of  William  and  Johanna 
dying  without  heirs  of  their  body  begotten,  then  the  lands  are  to  go  to 
John,  son  of  Sir  William  Tyndale,  and  the  heirs  of  his  body  begotten,  with 
remainder  to  his  brothers  Bartholomew,  Robert,  and  William  in  succession, 

'  Dur.  Trcas.,  Misc.  Chait.  No.  6600.  -  Ibiil.  No.  6601.  ''  Ibid.  No.  6606. 


SLALEY.  367 

and  ultimately  to  their  brother  Thomas,  his  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever. 
The  witnesses  are  Sir  John  de  Insula  of  Wodeburn,  Sir  John  de  Haultone, 
Sir  William  de  Tyndale,  knights,  Adam,  son  of  Allan  de  Corbrigge,  Hugo 
de  Minstaneacres,   Walter  de  Colpottes,  and  Walter  de  Staniburne.' 

In  1569  Woolley  was  in  the  possession  of  John  Swinburne  of  Chopwell. 
There  were  two  tenements,  one  of  which,  with  30  acres,  was  held  by  John 
Hurde  at  the  rent  of  33s.  4d.,  and  the  other,  with  20  acres,  by  John  Jennings 
at  the  rent  of  13s.  4d.^ 

1579,  August  6th.  Will  of  John  Hourd  of  Wollye,  in  the  parish  of  Slalye.  To  be  buried  at 
Lanchester.  My  son,  Edward  Hourd,  to  Mr.  Cuthbcrt  Ratclitfe  till  he  be  21,  and  his  lands,  i.e.  the  lease 
of  Wolly ;  my  wife  Blanch ;  to  my  wife  and  George  Forster  my  two  younger  children  till  they  be  of  age ; 
my  son  George  to  my  brother  Gerard  till  he  be  of  age  ;  to  my  son,  George  Hourd,  one  silver  crose  and 
the  morgashe  of  Hackworth  ;  my  sister,  Margaret  Hourd.  E.xecutors,  my  sons  George,  Michael,  and 
John  Gourd  ;  supervisors,  Davye  Carnabye  and  Mr.  Cuthbert  Ratclille.  Proved  November  21st,  1579, 
and  administration  granted  to  Gerard  Hourd,  George  Forster,  and  Blanch  Curd,  guardians  of  John 
Houril,  a  minor.-' 

On  August  2nd,  1658,  John  Sanderson  of  Healey,  and  William 
Sanderson,  his  son  and  heir,  entered  into  an  agreement  with  Sir  Edward 
Radcliffe  for  the  sale  of  Wooley  for  the  sum  of  ^^46.  John  Sanderson  dying 
shortly  afterwards,  the  premises  were  conveyed  by  William  Sanderson  on 
March  15th,  1659.''  In  1663  it  belonged  to  Sir  Edward  Radcliffe,  who  for 
the  mill  and  for  it  was  rated  at  /.24  per  annum.  At  the  enclosure  of 
Bolbec  common,  in  1771,  168  acres  were  awarded  to  the  Greenwich 
Hospital  Commissioners  in  lieu  of  their  right  of  common  of  pasture  apper- 
taining to  Wooley.  This  estate,  in  1805,  is  described  as  comprising  a  farm 
of  272  acres,  under  lease  to  William  Cook,  at  the  rent  of  ^105  los.  per 
annum,  with  a  dwelling-house  and  farm  buildings  in  tenantable  repair  ;  the 
land,  though  not  of  good  quality,  was  of  a  useful  kind  and  in  a  proper  state 
of  husbandry.  There  were  also  35  acres  of  woodland,  of  which  the  great 
wood  of  24  acres  was  natural  wood,  chieflv  oak,  in  thriving  condition,  but 
the  remainder  of  the  woodland  which  had  recently  been  planted  with  oak, 
ash,  beech,  and  other  forest  trees  was  not  in  a  promising  state,  owing 
probably  to  the  trees  having  been  injured  by  the  smoke  issuing  from  the 
neighbouring  lead  mills  at  Dukesfield.     The  timber  on  the  estate  was  valued 

'  Dur.  Trcas.  Misc.  Chart.  No.  6603.  -  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey,  38,  fol.  21S  b. 

^  Raine,  Test.  Dtinchii.  vol.  vii.  p.  183.  '  Greenwich  Hospital  Papers   'Wooley,  B.' 


368 


SLALEY    PARISH. 


3t  ;£945)  ^"d  t^it;  estate  is  stated  to  be  held  by  a  fee  farm  rent  of  ;^.'2  6s.  8d., 
payable  to  the  Colston  almshouses  at  Bristol.'  The  estate^  was  sold  by  the 
Commissioners  in  1876,  and  now  belongs  to  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont. 

The  small  tower  or  peel,  the  remains  of 
'^  which  exist  at  the  Shield-hall,  was  probably  an 
outlying  fortified  homestead  of  the  earl  of 
Westmorland.  At  the  time  of  the 
earl's  rebellion  in  1569,  John 
Swinburne  of  Chopwell,  the  earl  of 
Westmorland's  com- 
missioner, with  other 
tenements  in  Slalev 
and  elsewhere,  held 
at  the  lord's  will  '  a 
tenement  called  Sheld- 
hall,  with  gardens, 
orchards,  and  twenty- 
eight  acres  of  arable 
land,  meadow,  and 
pasture  in  the  common 
fields  of  Slaley.'  It 
was  granted  February 
27th,  1606/7,  on  '1  50 
years'  lease  to  Edward 
Ferrers  of  London, 
merchant,^  under  the 
description  of  a  tene- 
ment called  the  Shield- 
hall,  alias  Shele-hall, 
with  garden  and  orchard  and  28  acres  of  arable,  meadow  and  pasture  land 
in  the  common  fields  of  Slaley.  It  is  described  as  being  late  in  the 
occupation  of  William  Hirne,  alias  Heron,  of  the  yearly  value  of  30s.,  parcel 
of  the  possessions  of  John  Swinburne  of  high  treason  attainted. 


^'j^-'l^'^' 


Shieldhall  Towek. 


'  Report  0/ the  Greenwich  Hospital  Estates,  1S05,  p.  115. 

'  Wooley  was  the  birthpl.ice  of  Anthony  Cook,  master  of  the  Trinity-house   school,  Newcastle,  who 
died  July  17th,  1824,  aged  30  years. 

'  Hall  and  Honiberston's.S"»)-iio'.    Q.K.  jU /if.  Z5oo/>s,  37-3S,  folio  218  b.  '  /'.ir.  A'(:)//s,4  James  1.  pt.  7. 


i&-. 


\^\1f 


mo^ssmmmi: 


'</ 


I 


-*»    ^*,f 


r^V 


SLALEY. 


369 


The  tower  has  been  incorporated  in  the  present  farm  buildings,  one 
end  of  it  having  been  taken  down,  when  it  was  made  into  a  barn.  The 
chamber  on  the  ground  floor  is  vaulted  in  the  usual  manner,  the  upper 
chamber,  which  is  flagged  with  stone,  has  a  modern  roof. 

By  indenture  of  bargain  and  sale  dated  May  30th,  161 1,  and  enrolled  in 
Chancerv,  John  Eldred  and  George  Whitmore,  esquires,  conveyed  the 
Shield-hall  to  John  Heron  of  Birtley.'  By  his  will  dated  October  9th,  1669, 
George  Heron  of  Birtley 
Hall  gives  his  lands  to 
his  brother  John  Heron 
of  the  Sheale-hall  for  his 
life,  and  entails  the  same 
on  '  my  nephew  George 
Heron,  eldest  son  of  my 
brother  John  Heron  of 
Sheale-hall  and  his  heirs 
male,  remainder  to  my 
nephew  Cuthbert  Heron, 
his  brother.'  The  estate 
eventually  devolved  on 
the  said  Cuthbert  Heron, 
and  on  the  death  of  his 
great  -  grandson  of  the 
same  name  in  18 12  came 
to  the  latter's  daughters 
and  co-heiresses  Elizabeth, 
who  subsequently  became  wife  to  John  Mason  of  London,  and  Mary  Anne, 
who  married  the  Rev.  Jonathan  Scurr,  incumbent  of  Ninebanks.  These 
ladies  and  their  respective  husbands  agreed  to  a  partition,  which  was 
carried  into  effect  by  a  deed  dated  July  ist,  1829,  by  which  the  ancient 
homestead  of  Shield-hall  and  about  200  acres  were  conveyed  to  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Mason,  and  the  off-farm  of  Rye-hill  and  about  1 76  acres  were 
conveyed  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Scurr." 

'  Miss  Baynes'  Shield-hall  and  Rye-hill  deeds.  It  has  been  thought  by  some  that  Rye-hill  may 
be  the  Mount  Ryall  in  Slaley  parish,  which  in  1663  belonged  to  Lady  Forster  of  IManchland.  No 
trace  of  this  identity  is  disclosed  by  the  existing  title  deeds. 

*  C/.  pedigree  of  Heron  of  Birtley-hall,  vol.  iv.  of  this  work,  p.  361. 


Shiei.dhall  Tower  (chamber  on  the  ground  floor). 


Vol.  VI, 


47 


370  SLALEY    PARISH. 

John  Mason,  liaving  survived  his  wife,  died  in  1853,  when  he  was 
succeeded  bv  his  two  sons  Cuthbert  Heron  Mason,  formerlv  of  Hartlepool, 
county  Durham,  but  at  that  time  of  Newport,  Kentuckv,  and  John  Heron 
Mason  of  Newcastle,  maltster,  who  with  the  consent  of  the  mortgagees,  in 
1855,  sold  the  Shield-hall  to  Thomas  Hughes  of  Hilton-lodge,  Tynemouth, 
who  the  same  year  purchased  the  Rye-hill  from  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Scurr.'  In  this 
way  the  two  severed  portions  were  reunited.  Mr.  Hughes  having  spent 
a  large  sum  of  money,  it  was  stated  about  _^  2,000,  in  draining  and  building 
a  new  farm  house  and  boundary  walls,"  in  1858  sold  the  Shield-hall  and 
Rye-hill  to  Mr.  George  Baynes  of  North  Shields,  to  whose  daughter,  Miss 
Catherine  Baynes,  they  now  belong. 

At  the  Northumberland  assizes  of  1256,  Richard,  son  of  William  de 
Thornley,  was  charged  with  slaying  Hugh,  the  son  of  Ivon,  in  the  vill  of 
Dekesfeud  ;  he  had  fled  from  justice,  and  his  chattels,  which  had  been  seized 
by  the  sheriff,  were  valued  at  22d.' 

The  manor  of  Dukesfield  is  not  separately  mentioned  amongst  the  fees 
of  the  baronv  of  Bolbec,  but  on  the  apportionment  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec's 
estates  it  seems  to  have  been  given  to  his  youngest  daughter  Maud,  who 
became  wife  of  Hugh  Delaval.  His  name  heads  the  Subsidy  Roll  of  1296, 
in  which  he  was  assessed  for  nearly  half  of  the  vill. 

Dukesfield  Subsidy  Roll,  1296. 

uncle  domino  ret;i 


i 

s. 

d. 

Sunima 

bonoruiii 

Hiigonis  de  la  Vale 

...     4 

•-» 

9 

n 

>' 

Willeliiii  de  Ewardeslawe 

I 

10 

10 

»» 

» 

Ricardi  filii  Willelmi 

...     I 

6 

7 

)i 

„ 

Gilbert!  del  Burn 

...     I 

5 

4 

n 

)) 

Gilberti  Tod     

...     0 

14 

I 

S. 

d. 

7 

6i 

2 

9l 

2 

5 

2 

3i 

0 

34 

Summa  totalis  villae,  £8  19s.  yd.     Unde  domino  regi,  i6s.  4ld. 

In  1372,  Sir  Henry  Delaval,  knight,  and  Joan,  his  wife,  levied  a  fine  at 
Westminster  on  July  8th,  by  which  the  manor  of  Du.xfeld,  together  with 
other  manors  and  lands  were  limited  in  the  event  of  their  having  no 
children,    to    the    heirs   of   Henry,    with     remainder    as    to    one    moiety    to 

'  The  farm  of  Rye-hill  adjoins  Shield-hall  on  the  soutli-west  and  largely  comprises  the  allotments 
awarded  to  John  Heron  on  the  enclosure  of  Bolbeck  common  in  lieu  of  his  right  of  common  of  pasture 
appurtenant  to  Shield-hall.     Heron's  burn  preserves  the  memory  of  the  old  owners  of  the  place, 

■  Conditions  of  Sale,  etc.,  1856.      (Bell  Collection.) 

■'  Ni<rthu}}iherl(tnd  Assize  RnHs,  p.  93  ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 


slal£V.  37  i 

Nicholas  dt;  Raymes,  and  as  to  the  other  moiety,  to  John  de  Selby.'  Sir 
Henry  Delaval  died  childless,  and  Du.xfeld,  subject  to  Joan's  life  estate, 
passed  to  his  sister  Alice,  wife  of  John  de  Whitchester.  It  was  stated  in 
the  inquisition  that  Dukesfield  was  held  of  Sir  Ralph  Hastings,  knight,  bv 
knight  service  and  suit  at  the  court  of  Slaley,  and  that  it  was  worth  40s.  a 
year  beyond  reprises.^  Alice  married,  secondly,  Sir  John  Manners,  knight, 
and  died  December  26th,  1402,  being  survived  by  Dame  Joan  Delaval, 
her  brother's  widow.  Her  heir  was  William  de  Whitchester,  her  s'on 
by  her  first  husband,  who  was  stated  to  be  the  owner  in  reversion  of 
Dukesfield.' 

On  September  17th,  1562,  Richard  Bulman,  husbandman,  mortgaged 
the  capital  messuage  of  Dukesfield-hall,  in  the  village  of  Dukesfield,  to  John 
Swinburne,  and  four  years  later  conveyed  the  same  to  Robert  Widdrington, 
who  shortlv  afterwards  regranted  it  to  him  on  a  lease  for  life.''  In 
1569  John  Swinburne  held  two  tenements  in  Duxfeld,  one  of  which  was 
let  to  John  Dunne  at  a  yearly  rent  of  6s.  8d.,  and  the  other  to  John 
Wylkynson  at  the  rent  of  los.^  In  an  inquisition  taken  in  the  queen's 
Court  Leet  at  Bvwell,  on  April  7th,  1602,  it  was  found  that  Blanch 
Pearson,  who  died  September  24th,  1598,  was  at  her  death  seised  in  her 
demesne  as  of  fee  of  a  moietv  of  Dukesfield-hall,  which  was  held  of  the 
queen  by  charter  in  free  socage,  and  that  Edward  Hurde  was  her  son  and 
heir,  and  26  years  of  age  and  upwards.  Edward  Orde's  widow  Margaret, 
on  June  23rd,  161 2,  for  a  sum  of  money  released  to  Lewis  Widdrington 
all  her  claim  on  the  said  moiety  of  Dukesfield-hall."  In  1663  Dukesfield 
was  rated  at  ^^"20  per  annum  to  Sir  Thomas  Widdrington.  It  was  acquired 
by  Sir  William  Blackett  before  August  ist,  171 1.' 

When  Bolbec  connnon  was  divided  under  the  Act  of  1765,  895  acres 
were  awarded  to  Sir  Walter  Blackett  in  respect  of  the  right  of  connnon  of 
pasture  appurtenant  to  his  estate  of  Dukesfield.  With  the  Hexham  estates 
of  the  Blackett  family,  Dukesfield  now  belongs  to  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont. 

'  Iiu].  p.}i!.  Heniici  dc  la  \'ale,  12  Ric.  II.  No.  54.  -  "  Ibid. 

■'  Inq.  p.m.  of  Alice,  widow  of  .Sir  John  Manners,  kniijht,  4  Hen.  IV'.  No.  27. 

'  W'allington  deeds  ;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'a,'  59. 

■'  Hall  and  Homberslon's  Survey.  A  tenement  at  Duxfeld  in  tlie  tenure  of  John  Dunn  and  parcel 
of  the  possessions  of  John  Swinbuine  attainted,  was  granted  July  18th,  1595,  to  John  Ward,  gent.,  on  a 
21  years'  lease.     Pal.  Rolls,  37  Eliz.  part  18. 

"  W.-illington  deeds  ;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'a,'  59.  '  Ibid,  'a,'  73. 


^l'^' 


SLALEY    PARISH. 


The  estate  comprises  the  farms  of  Diikesfield-hall,  West,  Midille  aiul  Kast 
Diikesileld,  Dukesfiekl  I'Vll,  and  the  hamlet  of  I  )ukesfield-mill.  Near  the 
latter  phiee,  whieh  is  situated  o\\  the  Devil's  Water,  are  the  remains  of 
the    large    lead    smelt    mills,    where    at   the    beginning    of   the    century    the 


Remains  of  Dukesfield  Smf,lt-mills,  1900. 

produce  of  Mr.  Beaumont's  lead  mines  in  Allendale  were  smelted  ;  the  ore 
contained  a  considerable  proportion  of  silver.'  The  lead  ore  was  carried  in 
8-stone  bags  on  the  backs  of  'carrier  galloways,'  who  travelled  in  'packs' 

'  Cf.  Parsons  and  White,  Northumberland  and  Durham,  vol.  ii.  p.  618. 

'The  lead  mines  in  Allendale  produce  about  12,000  bings  of  lead  ore  annually,  which  at  ^4  4s.  per 
bing  is  upwards  of  ^50,000  a  year.  The  Allendale  lead  ore  is  smelted  and  refined  at  Dukesfield 
smelt-mill,  and  produces  about  seven  or  eight  ounces  of  silver  from  each  fother  of  lead;'  Bailey  and 
Culley,  General  View  0/  Agriculture  of  Northumberland,  3rd  edition,  p.  ig. 


SLALEY.  373 

or  companies  of  from  25  to  50.  Near  the  site  of  the  mills,  which  were 
laid  in  abont  the  year  1834,  is  a  sanative  or  holy  well,  the  water  of  which 
is  charged  with  snlphuretted  hydrogen  ;  it  was  in  great  repute  with  the 
smelters,  who  used  to  state  that  they  could  always  drink  freely  of  its  waters 
with  impunity  however  much  they  might  be  heated. 

Dukesfield-hall  is  an  old  mansion  house'  of  three  storeys,  rough  cast  and 
whitewashed,  sheltered  by  beech  and  other  forest  trees;  its  walled  and 
terraced  gardens  slope  down  to  a  small  burn  or  letch,  and  near  it  are  soirte 
heather-thatched  cottages  and  offices  formerly  used  in  connection  with  the 
smelt  mills. 

The  Steel-hall  is  situated  in  the  south-west  extremity  of  the  township, 
and  abuts  upon  the  Devil's  Water.  It  is  first  mentioned  in  1308,  when 
it  was  in  the  king's  hands  on  account  of  the  lunacy  of  the  owner,  John 
de  Slaueley.''  Gilbert  de  Slaley  granted  to  the  prior  and  convent  of 
Hexham  common  of  pasture  at  the  Steel  for  fifteen  score  of  sheep,  and  in 
1479  the  convent  possessed  a  cattle-fold  situated  at  the  west  side  of  the  Stele 
in  Slaley,  with  a  garden  at  the  north  side,  containing  an  acre,  common 
of  pasture  for  fifteen  score  of  sheep  at  all  times  of  the  year,  also  common 
of  pasture  within  the  bounds  of  the  Steel  and  Slaley  ;  the  said  sheep 
at  Slaley  and  the  Steel  were  entitled  to  common  of  pasture,  jointly  and 
severally,  within  the  limits  of  Slaley  and  the  Steel  at  the  pleasure  of  the 
prior  and  convent.^ 

George  Baker,  of  Crook,  who  in  1663  was  rated  for  Steel-hall 
at  ;^  20  per  annum,  on  December  25th,  1686,  in  consideration  of  ^700, 
conveyed  the  Steel-hall,  Palmstrothers,  and  the  Red-lead-mill  to  Thomas 
Teasdale,  at  that  time  residing  at  the  Steel-hall.^  The  latter  seems  to  have 
rebuilt  the  house,  there  being  a  door-head  inscription,  '  T.  T.,  1721.'  The 
windows  show  remains  of  mullions,  and  a  room  is  still  pointed  out  as 
the  justice's  room. 

In  an  advertisement  of  sale  in  1744,  it  was  stated  that  there  was  on 
the  estate   '  a  large  spring  of  oak  of  near  20  years'  growth.'  ^ 

'  The  house  was  advertised  to  be  let  in  the  Newcustk  Cuuraiil,  December  5th,  1807.  It  is  described 
as  containing  on  the  ground  floor  '  two  good  sitting  rooms  in  front,  a  back  kitchen,  dairy  and  pantry, 
with  an  excellent  cellar  underneath,  five  lodging  rooms  on  the  first  floor,  each  conveniently  communicating 
with  a  roomy  landing-place  and  staircase.     The  yard  contains  a  stable  for  five  horses,'  etc. 

-'  Cal.  Close  Rolls,  2  Edw.  II.  memb.  22,  p.  73. 

^  Black  Book  of  Hexham,  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  p.  25. 

'  Miss  Baynes'  deeds.  ^  Newcastle  Journal,  January  7th,  1744. 


374 


SLALEY   PARISH. 


TEASDALE     OF     STEEL-HAl.L 


F.liz;ibelli      Row-  : 
land  of  Dotland, 
mar.  2oth  May, 
1650  (or   1651) 
(0- 


Thomas  Teashale  of  Slaley  and  Slcel-hall  (</),  yeoman  ;   ((/iiery  eldest  =  Anne died  al 


son  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slaley).  By  will  dated  ;oili  March,  1720/1, 
gave  .^'20  to  the  poor  of  the  parish  of  Slaley,  the  interest  to  be 
distributed  on  St.  Thomas's  day  (</)  ;  purchased  the  Lee  14th  Feb., 
1693  (0  ;  buried  1 2th  April,  1 721  (/;). 


Steel-hall,  bur. 
in  the  body  of 
the  church  30th 
Aug.,  l72+(/'). 


Samuel  Teasdale  of  Steel-hall  («)  ;  son  and  heir,  bapt.  =  Margaret,  dau.  of Blackburn 

15th  October,  1665  (c)  ;  buried,  24th  June,  1728  (p).     I       («)  ;  bur. Oct.  24th,  1724  (/;). 


I 


Mary,    mar.    George    Mow- 
bray, of  AUenheads  (a). 
4^ 


Thomas  Teasdale  of  Newcastle  and  of  Steel-  =  Esther,  dau.  of 
hall  ;  articles  before  mar.  i8th  Dec,  1722  William  Varey 
(<?)  ;  died  s.p  (a)  in  his  father's  lifetime.  of  Newcastle 
By  will  dated  gth  July,  1723,  he  gave  the  (a), notary  pub- 
Steel-hall  to  his  father,  and  his  lands  at  lie  ;  she  remar. 
Slaley,  the  I.ee,  He.xbam  and  Thirlwall  to  Lancelot  Ali- 
bis wife  for  her  life,  with  remainder  to  his  good  of  the 
four  sisters  ;  proved  17th  Jan.,  1723/4  (rf).  Riding. 


I  ^     I 

Samuel    Teasdale    of    Other 
Steel-hall,   adminis-      children 
tration  of  his  person-      died    in 
al  estate   loth  Oct.,       infancy. 
1729,  committed  to 
his  sister  .Anne,  wife 
of   lohn   Shackleton 


I 
Elizabeth,  sister  and 
co-heiress,  mar.  at 
Whitley  chapel, 29th 
Dec,  1709.  George 
White  of  Hums- 
haugh  (c)  (<0,  and 
had  issue  a  son, 
Teasdale  White. 


Jane,  sister  and  co-heiress,  married  Thomas  Caward 
of  Hexham  («),  and  had  issue  three  daughters, 
viz.  :  Margaret,  wife  of  Charles  Rockett  of 
Newcastle  ;  Jane,  wife  of  Thomas  Hutchinson  of 
Newcastle  ;  and  Ann,  wife  of  Thomas  Salmon  of 
He-xham,  who  were  co-heiresses  to  their  mother ; 
buried  20th  December,  1728  (c). 


Mary,  sister  and  co-heiress, 
mar.  30th  Jan.,  1728/g, 
Wilkinson  ICirsopp  of 
Hexham  (c),  and  died 
in  her  husband's  life- 
time, s.p. 


Anne,  sister  and  co-heiress,  mar.  John 
Shackleton  of  Gateshead,  an  officer 
of  the  excise  (a),  and  had  issue  3 
sons  and  3  daughters,  viz.  :  William 
Shackleton  of  Newcastle,  Roger 
Shackleton  of  London,  Samuel, 
Margaret,  Eleanor  and  Jane  (c). 


00   Brit.  Mus.  Harl.  MS.  1554,  fol.  29.  (/;)  Slalev  Regisler. 

{if)   Raine,  Test.  Elm-.         (J)  Bell  Collection. 


(c)  Hexham  Register. 


Evidences  to  Teasdale  Pedigree. 

1720/21,  March  20th.  Will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Sleel-hall  in  the  parish  of  Slaley.  To  my  daughter  Mary 
Mowbray,  £^,  and  to  her  children,  Teasdale  and  Anne  Mowbray,  .^"5  apiece  ;  my  son  George  Mowbray,  £(>.  I  give 
to  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  a  close  called  Strother  Close  ;  to  the  poor  of  Slaley,  .^20,  the  interest  to  be 
distributed  on  St.  Thomas's  day  every  year  ;  to  my  son  Samuel  Teasdale,  ;i  300  ;  to  my  grand-daughter  Jane  Caward, 
.^100  ;  to  my  grand-daughter  Mary  Teasdale,  £100,  if  she  marry  with  the  advice  of  Samuel  Teasdale,  her  father  ; 
and  to  my  grand-daughter  Anne  Teasdale,  /"200,  on  the  same  condition  ;  my  wife  Anne  ;  my  great  grandson  John 
White,  son  of  my  grand-daughter  Elizabeth  White,  £^.  I  give  to  my  grandson  Thomas  Teasdale,  my  lands  (except 
Steel-hall,  which  I  have  some  time  ago  settled  on  my  son  Samuel),  my  moneys  on  mortgage  and  a  silver  tankard  and 
cup.     Proved  1721.     Raine,  Test.  Elior. 

1723,  July  9th.  Will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Newcastle,  gent.  1  give  my  messuage  called  Steel-hall,  in  the 
parish  of  Slaley,  in  the  occupation  of  my  honoured  father  Samuel  Teasdale,  to  my  said  father  ;  and  my  lands  at 
Thirlwall,  Hexham,  Slaley,  and  the  Lee  to  my  wife  Esther  for  her  life,  with  remainder  to  my  sisters,  Elizabeth  White, 
Jane  Caward,  Mary  Teasdale,  and  Anne  Shackleton  ;  to  my  mother-in-law  Elizabeth  Varey,  £i>o  ;  to  my  niece 
Margaret  White,  £'^0.     My  wife  executrix.     Proved  1724.     Ibid. 

1728,  2ist  October.  Will  of  Jane  Caward  of  Hexham,  widow,  one  of  the  daughters  and  co-heirs  of  Samuel 
Teasdale  of  Sleel-hall,  gentleman.  I  give  all  my  right  in  Steel-hall,  Riding,  the  Lee,  Slaley,  Palm-strother, 
Baron-house,  etc.,  to  my  three  daughters,  Margaret,  Jane,  and  Anne,  and  their  heirs.  Failing  them  I  give  the  same 
to  my  nieces,  Margaret  and  Elizabeth  White,  daughters  of  my  brother-in-law,  Mr.  George  White,  Margaret  and  Jane 
Shackleton,  daughters  of  my  brother-in-law,  Mr.  John  Shackleton,  and  the  first  and  second  daughters  of  my  sister, 
Mary  Teasdale,  if  she  marries  and  has  any.  To  my  daughter-in-law,  Mary  Caward,  ;^20 ;  to  the  poor  of  Hexham, 
/40;  to  the  poor  of  Slaley,  /lo,  after  the  death  of  Mrs.  Esther  Teasdale,  widow  of  my  late  brother,  Mr.  Thomas 
Teasdale.     Proved  December  nth,  1729.     Ihid. 


SLALEY.  375 

On  the  division  of  Bolbec  common  in  1771,  852  acres  were  awarded 
to  Wilkinson  Kirsop,  Bannister  Bayles,  John  Sahnon,  and  Teasdale  White,' 
in  satisfaction  of  the  right  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant  to  Steel-hall, 
Redlead-mill,  and  Western-byres.^  The  rights  of  these  gentlemen  were 
subsequently  acquired  by  Robert  Snrtees  of  Milkwell-burn  and  Isaac 
Hunter,  who  on  January  12th,  1805,  conveyed  the  Steel-hall  and  Western- 
byers  to  Mr.  Thomas  Richard  Beaumont.'  At  the  present  time  the  Steel- 
hall  belongs  to  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont. 

As  early  as  the  year  1256,  Colpitts,  which  gave  its  name  to  a  local 
familv,  is  mentioned  as  a  separate  vill  associated  with  Slaley  and  Dilston.* 
Its  early  history  is  unknown,''  but  in  1663  it  belonged  to  Sir  Thomas 
Widdrington.  It  was  in  the  possession  of  Sir  William  Blackett  in  171 1, 
and  in  1771,  on  the  enclosure  of  Bolbec  common.  Sir  Walter  Blackett 
received  276  acres  in  lieu  of  the  rights  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant 
to  Colpitts  ;  and  with  the  Hexham  estates  of  the  Blacketts  it  descended  to 
the  Beaumonts.  In  1894  Colpitts  was  sold  by  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont  to 
Mr.  William  Wear  of  Hexham,  the  present  owner,  who  having  purchased 
Trygill,  the  Swangs,  etc.,  from  other  proprietors,  has  built  a  residence 
at  Colpitts. 

The  small  farm  of  Blackburn,  which  in  1663  belonged  to  Henry  Carr, 
and  afterwards  to  the  family  of  Jobling,"  was  purchased  about  the  middle 
of  the  eighteenth  century  in  part  endowment  of  the  benefice  of  Blanchland, 
the  incumbent  of  which,  in  1771,  received  an  allotment  of  49  acres  in  lieu 
of  his  right  of  common  of  pasture  on  Bolbec  common.  The  estate 
comprises  about  72  acres. 

'  In  1710,  1716  and  1723  Samuel  Teasdale  of  Steel-hall  voted  for  that  place  ;  in  1734  John 
Shackelton  of  Gateshead  ;  in  174S  Teasdale  White  of  Humshaugh,  Charles  Rocket  of  Newcastle,  and 
John  Shackleton  of  Newcastle,  all  voted  in  respect  of  lands  at  Steel-hall  ;  and  in  1774  Banister  Bayles 
of  Newcastle  voted  for  Steel-hall. 

-  Western-byers  was  a  small  homestead  close  to  .Steel-hall  ;  the  Red-lead-niill  was  by  the  side  of 
the  Devil's  Water.     The  extensive  Steel-hall  wood  was  cut  down  in  1777  and  again  in  18... 

'  Mr.  W.  C.  B.  Beaumont's  deeds. 

<  Northumherlaud  Assize  Rolls,  Page,  p.  93;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  88. 

^  April  Sth,  1634.  Will  of  Robert  Teasdale  of  the  Coalpitts.  To  be  buried  within  the  churchyard  of 
Slaley.  To  my  eldest  sone  Thomas  Teasdale,  my  gray  mare  ;  to  my  son  John  Teasdale  and  to  my 
daughter  Alice  Teasdale,  one  quye  and  one  lamb  apiece  ;  to  my  mother  Margaret  Teasdale,  one  bowl  of 
oatts  yearly.  Residue  to  my  wife  Margaret  and  my  said  children,  they  executors.  Proved  1634.  Durluiiii 
Probate  Registry. 

°  In  1716  Andrew  and  Lancelot  Jobling,  and  in  1723  Lancelot  Jobling,  voted  in  respect  of  freehold 
lands  at  Blackburn.     Poll  Books. 


376  SLALEY    PARISH. 

Todburn-stecl,  in  June,  1629,  was  granted  i^y  the  Crown  to  William 
Barnes  and  John  Waterhouse/  and  in  1663  it  belonged  to  John  Teasdale 
of  the  Hengh.  At  the  elections  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  1716  and  1734,^ 
John  Heslop  voted  in  respect  of  this  place.  In  1765  William  Lowes, 
esq.,  received  an  allotment  of  165  acres  in  satisfaction  of  the  right  of 
common  of  pasture  enjoved  by  the  place  in  Bolbec  common.  With 
other  estates  of  the  family  of  Lowes,  it  now  belongs  to  the  Hon.  l-'rancis 
Bowes-Lyon  of  Ridley-hall. 

Amongst  the  possessions  of  the  dissolved  abbey  of  Blanchland,  which 
were  accounted  for  in  the  Ministers'  Accoimts  1 540-1 541,  lands  belonging  to 
that  house  at  Marrelcote  Walles  were  entered  as  producing  13s.  4d.  per 
annum. ^  These  seem  to  be  the  lands  which  with  Todburn-steel  in  the 
parish  and  many  other  estates  in  the  county  were  granted  in  1629  under  the 
style  of  Marlecoate  Walls,  a/ius  Mallycoate  Wall,  to  William  Barnes  and 
John  Waterhouse.^  Another  tenement  here,  which  had  come  into  the  hands 
of  the  Crown  on  the  attainder  of  John  Swinburne  of  Chopwell  (and  held  of 
him  bv  Gerard  Hurde  at  the  rent  of  8s.  4d.'')  in  1569,  was  granted  in  1605  to 
Sir  John  Ramsav,  knight,  and  Thomas  Emerson  'in  consideration  of  the 
good,  true,  faithfull  and  acceptable  service  of  the  said  John  Ramsay  our 
servant  ; '  it  was  then  of  the  clear  yearly  value  of  8s.  4d.,  and  in  the 
occupation  of  Gerard  Ourd.''  In  1663  Mr.  Charles  Newton  was  assessed 
for  lands  at  Mallicote  Walls  or  Marleycoat  Walls  at  ;^^8  per  annum,"  and 
subsequently  the  families  of  Carr  and  Davison,  several  generations  of  whom 
sleep  in  the  graveyard  at  Slaley,  were  proprietors.  Matthew  Carr  of 
Marleycoat  Walls  in  1729  gave  a  legacy  to  Slaley  school.  On  the 
division  of  Bolbec  common  in  1771,  allotments  of  41  acres  and  96  acres 
were  made  to  the  heirs  of  Ralph  Carr  and  the  heirs  of  George  Davison 
respectively  in  satisfaction  of  the  rights  of  common  of  pasture  appurtenant 
to  their  lands  in  Marleycoat  Walls,  etc.  The  estate  now  belongs  to  Miss 
Catherine  Baynes  of  North  Shields. 

'  Grant  under  Privy  .Seal,  June,  5  Charles  I.  ;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'T,'  135. 

-  Poll  Books. 

"  Ministers'  Accounts,  32  Hen.  VIII.  Acq.  Office  ;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection. 

*  Grants  under  Privy  Seal,  June,  5  Charles  I.  ;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  '  T,'  135. 
^  Hall  and  Homberston's  Survey,  fol.  218  b. 

"  Pat.  Rolls,  1  James  I.  pt.  10. 

•  Book  oj  Rates,  1663.     Hodgson's  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  293. 


SLAI.EY.  377 

The  first  reference,  so  far  as  is  known,  to  Merchingley  is  in  an  extent  of 
the  lands  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec  made  before  the  sheriff  of  Northumberland 
and  other  persons  on  November  7th,  1262,  where  it  is  stated  that  he  held 
'  in  Merchingley,  which  is  of  the  appurtenances  of  the  manor  [of  Bolbec], 
six  bondmen  who  hold  six  lands,  each  containing  fifteen  acres,  and  worth 
yearly  in  ferm  and  works,  8s.  7d.,  the  sum  51s.  6d. ;  one  cottar  who  holds 
one  cottage  worth  yearly  i8d.''  Six  years  later  William,  son  of  Thomas 
de  Merchingleye,  granted  certain  lands  near  the  Lort-burn  in  Newcastle 
to  Alan  Wodeman.'' 

Before  this  time  a  hermitage  situated  at  Merchingleye  near  the 
Merching-burn  had  been  granted  by  Walter  de  Bolbec '  to  the  abbot  and 
convent  of  Kelso  ;  brother  William  de  Mercheleye  was  apparently  the 
hermit  at  that  time.  The  grant  comprised  the  adjoining  church  of  St.  Mary, 
ingress  and  egress  over  the  grantor's  lands,  timber  for  building,  wood  for 
fuel,  and  other  privileges  The  premises  are  more  fully  described  in  a 
charter  of  confirmation  granted  by  Walter  de  Bolbec,  son  and  successor 
of  the  grantor,  at  the  request  of  Hugh  de  Bolbec  his  brother  and  heir 
presumptive,  who  confirmed  to  'William  and  Roger,  monks  of  Kelso,  a 
certain  hermitage  called  Merchingleie,  which  is  founded  on  the  waste 
belonging  to  my  father  and  near  Merchingburne,  with  the  church  of  St.  Mary 
built  in  the  same  place,  with  all  the  appurtenances  which  are  comprised 
within  the  fences  on  either  side  of  Marchinburne  around  by  the  potters'  ford 
as  far  as  the  ford  at  the  place  where  the  Stain esden  burn  falls  into  the 
Merchingburne.'  On  the  death  of  either  or  both  of  the  monks  named  the 
vacancy  was  to  be  filled  by  other  two  monks  of  Kelso  and  by  no  other. 
Brother  William  seems  to  have  died  first,  for  '  Roger,  the  monk  of 
Merchingleye,'  obtained  from  Hugh  de  Balliol,  lord  of  the  adjacent  barony 
of  Bywell,  a  confirmation  of  a  grant  of  twenty-six  acres  of  land  in  the 
township  of  Healey  at  Heleychesters,  previously  made  to  him  by  his  father 
Eustace  de  Balliol  in  free  and  perpetual  alms,*  In  1296  the  abbot  of 
Kelso's  lands  at  Merthenley,  then  of  the  value  of  58s.  lod.  a  year,  were 
sequestered  by  the  English  king.^ 

'  hiq.  p.m.  Hugonis  de  Bolbeck,  46  Hen.  III.  No.  25. 

-  Deed  in  the  Brumell  Collection  now  with  the  Newcastle  Society  of  Antiquari.ins  ;  it  has  an  oblong' 
seal  in  green  wax  with  an  anchor  for  one  of  its  devices.     Cf.  Hist.  MSS.  Com.  6th  Report,  App.  p.  5-58. 

■'  Merchingley  does  not  occur  amongst  the  Bolbec  fees  in  the  Testa  de  Nevill. 

'  Liber  de  Cakhoii,  Registrum  Cartarum  abbacie  Tironensis  de  Kelso,  vol.  i.  pp.  219-222  ;  Bannalyne  Club. 

^  Extent  of  the  lands  in  Northumberland  held  by  Scotchmen,  loth  May,  1296.     Doc.  Illiis.  0/  Hist,  cf 
Scot.,  .Stevenson,  vol.  ii.  p.  48. 

Vol.  VI.  48 


37^  SLALEY    PARISH. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  fourteenth  century  an  undivided  share  of 
Merchingley  was  in  the  possession  of  Walter  dc  Himlercombe,  the  husband 
of  Alice,  daughter  and  one  of  the  co-heirs  of  Hugh  de  Bolbcc,'  and  in 
1346,  when  those  'sons  of  Belial,  the  Scots,  gathered  to  make  war  on  the 
Lord's  people  '  and  ravaged  south  Northumberland,^  Merchenley  was  one  of 
the  places  belonging  to  Robert  de  Herle  which  were  totally  destroyed  and 
laid  waste  on  Sunday,  October  I5th.^  The  Scottish  invasion  w^as  repelled 
and  punished  at  Nevill's  Cross  and  the  abbot  and  convent  of  Kelso  then  lost 
this  southern  estate. 

On  December  14th,  1386,  John,  son  of  John  de  Creswell,  obtained  from 
Richard  II.  in  part  satisfaction  of  a  debt  of  ^320  owing  to  John  de 
Creswell,  deceased,  who  had  served  the  king's  father-in-law,  the  prince  of 
Aquitaine  in  the  castle  of  Bordeaux,  'ten  acres  of  land  in  Marchenley  and 
parcels  of  a  toft  and  fifteen  acres  of  land,  late  of  the  abbot  of  Kelshowe  in 
Scotland,'  to  hold  them  by  the  payment  of  a  white  greyhound  yearly  for  all 
services.^  The  place  comes  up  again  in  1443,  when  there  was  an  order  to 
draw  up  letters  patent  to  Richard  Belyngeham  and  William  Crane  of  the 
custody  of  ten  acres  in  Marchanley  and  parcel  of  a  toft  and  25  acres  which 
were  forfeited  by  the  abbot  of  Kelso  in  the  reign  of  Edward  11.^ 

No  trace  of  the  church  and  hermitage  of  Merchingley,  or  of  any 
building  has  been  found,  nor  is  there  any  tradition  relating  to  its  site. 
In  all  probability  it  was  situated  in  Slaley  or  Riding,  which  were  both 
members  of  the  lordship  of  Bolbec.  The  tongue  of  land  formed  by  the 
confluence  of  the  East  Dipton  and  the  March  burns  where  the  small 
homestead  of  Dipton-foot  in  Slaley  parish  now  stands,  seems  to  be  a  likely 
spot,  although  the  Rev.  Anthony  Johnson  in  a  paper  read  before  the 
Newcastle  Society  of  Antiquaries  has  suggested  a  spot  a  little  further  south, 
where  the  small  Stony-burn  falls  into  the  March-burn.'' 

'  Oiiginalia  7  Edw.  U.  r.  6.     Hodgson,  Northumberland,  pt.  iii.  vol.  ii.  p.  294. 
-  Chron.  Lan.  in  Lang,  Hid.  of  Scot.  vol.  i.  p.  257  ;  cf.  Ridpatli,  Border  History,  pp.  336-337. 
'  Imi.  ad  quod  d.imnum,  21  Edw.  III.  No.  3.     Cul.  Doc.  Rcl.  Scot.  Bain,  vol.  iii.  p.  274. 
'  Cid.  Pat.  Rolls,  10  Ric.  II,  pt.  ii.  p.  287;  cf.  Cal.  Doc.  Rel.  Scot.  Bain,  vol.  iv.  p.  81. 
■'  P.R.O.  Chancery  Files,  Bundle  No.  651. 

'  Arch.  Ael.  vol.  .\vi.  pp.  346-350,  where  the  evidence  is  weighed  and  the  subject  worked  out  with  the 
assistance  of  Mr.  Johnson's  great  local  knowledge. 


SLALEY    CHURCH. 


379 


The  Church. 

As  has  been  already  related,  the  church  of  Slaley,  with  an  adequate 
endowment,  was  granted  by  Gilbert  de  Slaley,  the  lord  of  the  fee,  to  the 
prior  and  convent  of  Hexham  sometime  in  the  reign  of  Henry  HI.,  which 
grant  was  subsequently  confirmed  by  the  bishop  of  Durham.  In  Pope 
Nicholas's  taxation  in  1291,'  the  rectory  at  Slaley  was  assessed  at  £']  7s.  8d. 
a  year,  and  it  was  taxed  at  the  same  sum  in  1340;^  but  the  parish  being 
contiguous  to  that  of  Hexham,  the  prior  and  convent  were  never  required 
to   appoint    a    parson   to    hold    the   church  with  its    endowment,   but    were 


Slaley  Church,  igoi. 

allowed  to  serve  the  church  by  one  of  the  Augustinian  house  there,  who 
was  to  act  as  curate  or  chaplain.  At  the  period  of  the  Dissolution,  the 
tithes  of  Slaley,  with  the  offerings  of  the  chapel,  were  demised  by  lease 
under  the  convent  seal  to  John  Swinburne  at  the  rent  of  £/\,  a  year,^  and 
that  sum  was  allowed  to  the  chaplain  for  his  salary .■*  A  pension  of  23s. 
payable  out  of  the  '  capella  de  Slevele  '  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of 
Blanchland  must  have  been  discharged  out  of  other  property  in  the 
parish  held   by  the  prior  and  convent.^ 


C/.  Hodgson,  Nortliiniihci-laiul,  pt.  iii.  vol.  i.  p.  351. 
'  Hexham  Priory,  Raine,  vol.  ii.  p.  168;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  46. 


-'  lliiii.  pt.  iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  xxxviii. 
*  Ibiii.  p.  169.  *  IltiiL  |i.  169. 


:^So  SI.AI.EY    PARISH. 

After  obtaining  possession  of  the  church,  the  prior  and  convent  Imiit 
a  new  chapel,  and  in  131 2  the  bishop  of  Durliani  granted  a  forty  days' 
indulgence '  to  those  who  contributed  to  the  expense  of  the  building. 
This  building  having  'become  little  better  than  a  mass  of  ruins'  and 
totally  unfit  for  the  celebration  of  divine  service,  '  was  taken  down  in 
1832.'-  It  was  visited  by  Archdeacon  Singleton  on  October  2nd,  1828, 
who  wrote  in  his  minute  book  : 

'The  villaj,'c  stands  very  liiyli'  and  very  bleak,  the  minister  is  an  intirm  old  man  of  the  name  of 
Smith,  recently  appointed  by  Mr.  Beaumont.  The  curate  is  endowed  with  land,  well  fenced  and 
ascertained,  situated  close  by  the  parsonage  house,  and  lets,  exclusive  of  the  house  and  garden,  for 

£ci2  per  annum.     He  has  also  the  interest  of  /i,2CO  in  the  Bounty  Office The  old  Sa.xon 

doorw.iy  is  very  curious,  the  old  King's  or  Queen's  Arms  grotesque,  and  the  pewing  of  the  church  the 

most  satisfactory  part  of  it The  poor  curate   received   no  dilapidations   and  his   house   is  of 

course  wretched.     The  dilapidation  system  is  a  bad  one  in  all  cases,  but  dreadful  and  ruinous  in  these 
very  small  benefices  ;  it  is  a  living  pauper  suing  a  dead  one.' 

Monumental  Inscriptions. 

Thomas  Bainbridge  !  of  .Slaley  ob.  Sep.  29th,  1765  i  aet.  80  years.  Jacob  his  |  son  ob'  May  30th 
1769,  aet.  39  years,  j  Elizabeth  wife  to  Joseph  |  Bainbridge  ob.  May  4,  1760,  Aet.  24.  ]  Joseph  son  of 
Thomas  and  Mary  1  Bainbridge  ob.  Jan"  2nd,  1774,  aet.  49  years. 

Here  lies  the  body  of  Mary  wife  of  Ralph  Carr  of  Marley-coatwalls,  who  departed  this  life  the  iSth 
day  of  May  1757  in  the  55th  year  of  her  age.  .•\lso  the  body  of  Ralph  Carr  who  departed  this  life  Sept. 
the  13th,  1769,  aged  83  years. 

The  burial  place  of  John  Carr  of  Slaley- Woodfoot.  Charlotte  his  daughter  died  June  19th,  1781,  aged 
6  years.  John  Carr  died  Nov.  25,  1795,  aged  50  years.  Susanna  his  daughter  died  June  29th,  1800, 
aged  21  years.  John  his  son  died  June  25th,  1806,  aged  17  years.  Frances  his  daughter  died 
Nov.  13,  1807,  aged  21  years.  Barbara  [Grieveson],  his  daughter  died  Nov.  10,  1809,  aged  32  years. 
Sarah  his  daughter  died  May  1814,  aged  31  years.  Also  Mary  his  daughter,  wife  of  John  Kirsop 
of  Slaley  Wood-foot,  who  died  Nov.,  1828,  aged  34  years.  Also  Sarah  wife  of  John  Carr,  sen.,  who 
died  July  19,  1S29,  aged  81  years. 

Erected  in  memory  of  Anne  daughter  of  William  Cook,  sen.  of  Wooley  who  died  April  7,  1785, 
aged  10.  Also  Anthony  his  son  died  June  29,  1786,  aged  24  years.  Also  Cicely  wife  of  William  Cook 
who  died  March  9th  1798  aged  27  years.'  Also  Cicely  his  daughter  died  April  20th,  1S02,  aged  6 
months.  Also  Elizabeth  wife  of  W.  Cook,  sen.,  who  died  Feb.  i8th,  1S03,  aged  68  years.  William  Cook 
jun.,  died  March  31,  1807,  aged  43  years.     William  Cook,  sen.,  died  Jan.  9,  1816,  aged  83  years. 

In  Memory  of  William  Cook  late  of  Wooley  who  died  at  Marleycoatw^^lls  16  May,  1826,  aged  30 
years. 

In  memory  of  Anthony  Cook  of  Wooley,  late  Master  of  the  Trinity  House  School,  Newcastle,  who 
died  July  17th,  1824,  aged  30  years.  Also  of  .Margaret  his  wife  who  died  Jan>  21,  1831,  aged  39  years. 
Also  of  Margaret  their  daughter  who  died  June  3,  1839,  aged  20  years.  .Also  of  Jane  their  daughter,  wife 
of  John  Dixon  of  Hexham,  who  died  June  21,  1853,  aged  30  years. 

'  Dated  November  23rd,  1312.     Bishop  Kdlawe's  Register,  vol.  i.  p.  254. 

'  The  foundation  stone  of  the  new  chapel  was  laid  May  25th,  1S32  ;  cf.  Newcastle  papers,  June  2nd, 
1832. 

^  About  150  yards  north  of  the  church  is  an  eminence,  situated  in  a  field  called  Camping  Flatt, 
which  the  Ordnance  Survey  made  the  great  centre  of  their  triangle,  it  being  one  of  the  most  conspicuous 
points  in  the  district.     Ex  inf.  Rev.  William  Sisson. 

'  1793,  .May  30tli.  William  Cook  of  the  chapelry  of  Slaley,  and  Cicely  Hutchinson,  married. 
Stainjordham  Register. 


SLALEY    CHURCH. 


381 


HERE  LYETH  |  RICHARD  TEAS  1  UAILL  OF  SLALEY  i  GENTLEMAN  BU  1  KIED  THE  FIRST  |  DAY  OF 
MARCH   I  ANO   DOMINI    1635I  .,,.,.,,,  J 

In  memory  of  Thomasin  wife  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Combhills  who  died  the  6th  of  March  1734  aged 
37  years.  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Combhills  died  the  7th  of  Dec.  1771  aged  88  years.  Also  Margaret  w>fe 
of  Rich"  Teasdale  of  Slaley  who  died  Feb.  24th,  1816,  aged  69  years. 

Here  lies  the  body  of  William  Teasdale  of  Slaley  who  departed  July  22nd,  1778-  Also  WiMiam 
Stokoe  son  of  John  and  Hanh.  Stokoe  of  Slaley  who  died  the  17th  of  July,  18.3,  aged  23  years. 

In  memory  of  Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slaley  who  died  May  10,  1820,  aged  94  years.  Mary  his  wife  died 
Jan  20,  1824,  aged  84  years.  Sarah  James  daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Teasdale  of  Slaley  died  June 
'gth,  1824,  aged  30  years.  Thomasin  their  daughter  died  June  7,  1825,  aged  24  years.  Elizabeth  James 
daughter  of  Sarah  James  died  July  24th,  1S25,  aged  3  years.  Also  of  John  son  of  the  above  Thomas  and 
Mary  Teasdale  died  July  24th,  1834,  aged  69. 

Ministers  or  Slaley. 

1340.     Gilbert  the  chaplain  (f). 

1 501.     William  Thompson,  parish  chaplain  {d). 

ic^c(a'mi).     John  Adamson,  curate  (g).  

I   77  (circa)      Cuthbert  Pattenson,  a  Scotsman.     He  appeared  at  the  Chancellor's  visitation  held  m  1 578, 

but  being  unable  to  produce  either  letters  of  orders  or  licence,  'was  monished  to  serve  no 

longer  till  he  be  licensed '  (1).  ,^„ii„r'= 

1578.     Edward   Thompson,  admitted  July   15th,   1578  (a).       He  was  summoned  to  the  Chancellors 

visitation,  January   19th,   1578/9,  but  did  not  appear (/);  he  entered  an  appearance  at  the 

General  Visitation,  June  loth,  1583  (i). 
1584.     Thomas  Mitford  appeared  at  the  General  Visitation  January  20th,  1584-5  (J  ■ 

161 2.     John  Smith  (a). 

..     Matthew  Wilson,  minister  of  Slaley,  occurs  1627  and  1645. 
,6....     Andrew  Hall,  also  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  w) ;  was  '  reported  scandalous  and  admonished 

by  the  archdeacon '  (</). 
1662.     Andrew  Turner  (a). 

1671.     Matthew  Wrightson  (a).  , 

16  ...  William  ISewrck,  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge  ;  matriculated  June  13th,  1688  ;  sequesteied 
February  6th,  1708/9  (*)  ;  master  of  Hexham  School  (/). 

'.^i":  Sham  Swson  (.) ;  voted  at  the  election  of  knights  of  the  shire  in  17.6  ;  administration  of 
his  personal  estate  granted  May  I  st,  1 724,  to  Richard  Fairbndge  and  John  kirsop,  ci editors  ( -0 

,724.  John  Toppin;  admitted  February  2nd,  .723-4,  after  the  death  of  Richardson  («)  o" jje 
p,esentation  of  WiUiam  Wrightson  and  John  Fenwick  of  Bywell.     Also  incumbent  of  Allendale 

and  vicar  of  Alston  (»).  ,        ^.  m      x^r,,iin  ■ 

,724.  William  Graham.  Also  incumbent  of  Hexham.  'Hexham,  O'^'o'f''/''^'/^^'*-  M\^°PP;"- 
This  is  to  acquaint  you  that  Doctor  Sayer,  Chancellor  to  my  lord  bishop  of  Dtuham,  has 
appointed  me  sole  curate  of  Slealey  by  vertue  of  a  sequestration  under  his  hand  and  sea 
whereby  I  am  entitled  to  all  ye  profitts  due  upon  ye  place  since  ye  death  of  ye  late  incumbent 
therefore  you  need  not  give  yourself  any  more  trouble  of  coming  to  Slealey.  I  am,  Sir,  Yours, 
William  Graham.  If  this  do  not  satisfy  you  I'll  show  my  instrument  when  you  come  to 
Hexham.  Addressed,  To  the  Reverend  Mr.  Toppin,  Schoolmaster  at  Allendale  Town  {r). 
1740.     Matthew  Robinson,  M.A.  (ci),  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew.  u     r  r.   ,  ■       „ 

,7,6     William  Wharton,  sub-curate  from  July  24th,  1740  (&),  admitted  after  the  death  of  Robinson, 
■  presented  by  Sir  Walter  Blackett,  bart.  (a).     Buried  December  27th,  1773  (*)■     His  widow  was 

buried  on  the  7th  March  following  {b). 
1774.     Thomas  Martindale,  died  March  24th,  1792,  aged  76  (b)  [h). 


382 


SLALEY    PARISH. 


1792. 

1823. 
1S31. 
1850. 


1854. 


Henry  Johnson,  vicar  of  both  the  Bywell  parishes,'  'an  insatiable  pluralist.' 

Joseph  .Smith  {f>).  buried  February  6th,  1831,  aged  75  (b)  (/i). 

Richard  Mcslop,  duriny  whose  incumbency  the  church  was  rebuilt  (/>). 

lilythe  Hurst,  born  at  Winlaton  July  6th,  1801,  an  eminent  linguist,  orilaincd  deacon  at  .\ucklantl 

July   loth,    1842,  curate  of  Garrigill   1842,  incumbent  of  Nenthcad   1845,  presented  to  Slaley 

February,  1850,  vicar  of  CoUierley  1854,  died  June  24th,  1882  (0). 
William  Sisson  of  University  College,  Durham,  L.Th.  1840,  ordained  deacon   1840,  priest  1S41 

also  incumbent  of  Whitley  Chapel  since  1841. 


(a)  Rnr\(.hi\.  Sliite  uf  the  CIntnlics.  (k) 

(b)  Slalty  licgisler.  (I) 
(f)     Nonaritiii  Iiuj.     Hodgson,  Nuriliiimbcrland,  pt. 

iii.  vol.  iii.  p.  xxxviii.  (n) 

(d)  Eccles.  Pioc.  0/ Bp.  Biirncs,  p.  x\x'u.  (0) 

(e)  Ibid.  p.  31.  (/.) 
(/)    Ibid.  p.  93. 

{g)    Deposit,  and  Eccles.  Proc.  p.  52.  (</) 
{h)    Slaley  M.I. 

(i)     D»Ww»K  i?fa?rrfs,  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collec-  {r) 

tion,  '  V,'  p.  229. 

0')     Ibid.  p.  232.  (s) 


Canon  Raine's  intcrlea\eil  Randal. 
Cf.  vol.  iii.  of  this  work,  p.  224. 
(m)  Raine,  Test.  Ehor. 

Cf.  vol.  iv.  of  this  work,  p.  St. 

Cf.  VV'elford,  Men  of  Mark,  vol,  ii.  pp.  578-582. 

'  Slaley,'  by  Rev.  Anthony  Johnson,  .1  rih.  Ael. 

vol.  xvi.  p.  342. 
Survey  of  the  Churches,  etc.,  temp.  Chas.  II. 

Arch.  Ael.  vol.  xvii.  pp.  258-259. 
From  original  letter  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 

Richard  Welford. 
Durham  Probate  Registry. 


The    following    notices    are    selected    from    the    parish    register    which 
begins  in   1714  : 

1723,  .'\pril  6.     .\nne,  wife  of  Charles  Wade  of  Dukesfield-hall,  smelter,  buried. 

1727,  Dec.  25.    Mr.  John  Featherstone  of  Dukesfield-hall,  buried. 

1732,  April  30.    Matthew  Ridley  and  Eleanor  Bainbridge,  both  of  this  parish,  married. 

^73^^  Sept.  28.  John  Makepiece  of  Gingleshaugh  buried. 

1741,  May  7.      Rev.  Thomas  liirket,  curate  of  St.  John's  Chapel  in  Wearside,  and  Jane  Emmcrson  of 

Earnwell,  in  the  said  chapelry,  married. 
1749,  June  8.      John  Jobling  of  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew  and  Barbara  Cresswell  of  Heddon  on  the 

Wall,  married. 
175  I,  Dec.  30.    John  Ellison  and  .Mary  Sanderson,  both  of  the  parish  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  married. 

1752,  Dec.  21.    John  Jennings  and  Isabel  Bates,  both  of  Bearl,  married. 

1753,  June  14.    Teasdale  .'\rm5tr0ng  of  the  parish  of  .Slaley  and  AnneThirlwall  of  the  parish  of  Hexhain, 

married. 
1765,  July  18.     Robert  Surtees  of  the  parish  of  Ryton  and  Ann  Hunter  of  the  parish  of  Slaley  married. 
1771,  Feb.  25.     'Then  was  baptised  John,  son  of  William  Durick  and  Mary  liis  wife,  a  travelling  dansing 

master  and  mistress.' 

1801,  .April  28.  William  Westgarth  Forster,  first  son  of  George  Forster,  farmer,  native  of  Alston,  by  his 

wife  Hannah,  daughter  of  Joseph  .Archer,  native  of  Allenheads,  baptised. 

1802,  Nov.  21.  Thomas  Emmerson  Forster,  second  son  of  George  Forster  of  Steel-hall,  farmer,  son  of 

Thomas  Forster,  a  native  of  Jeffrey's  houses,  by  his  wife  Hannah,  daughter  of  Joseph 
Archer,  miner,  of  Allenheads,  baptised. 
1810,  Jan.  1.       William  Westgarth  of  Dukesfield,  an  agent  of  the  Smelting  Mill,  aged  47  years,  buried. 


'  The  following  clergymen  served  as  sub-curates  to  Mr.  Johnson  :  in  1792,  Richard  Close,  a  native 
of  Shap,  afterwards  sub-curate  of  Whitley  Chapel  ;  he  married,  September  5th,  1793,  Mary,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Teasdale  of  Slaley,  and  had  issue;  he  died  at  the  age  of  68,  and  was  buried  March  13th,  1S34 
(Slaley  Registers  and  M.I.)  :  in  i8r2,  William  Harrison,  a  native  of  Kirkby  Lonsdale,  who  died  at  the 
age  of  55  and  was  buried  October  31st,  1S22  {Slaley  Register). 


SLALEY   CHURCH. 


Miscellanea. 


383 


In  a  matrimonial  suit  in  the  ecclesiastical  court  at  Durham  in  1535,  brought  by  Marion  Marttyne 
against  Anthony  Hourde  of  Slaley  for  a  breach  of  promise,  John  Adamson,  curate  of  Sialic,  and  John 
Hainbrig  of  Slalie,  husbandman,  aged  about  26  years,  made  depositions.' 

1579,  April  nth.  Grant  of  Queen  Elizabeth  to  Sir  Christopher  Hatton,  knight,  of  all  the  tithes  of 
Slaveley  theretofore  belonging  to  the  monastery  of  Hexham,  with  all  houses,  patronage  to  the  vicarage 
of  Slaveley  under  the  reserved  rent  of  £b  13s.  4^-  for  the  maintenance  of  a  fit  minister  or  clerk  m  the 
church  or  chapelry  of  Slaveley." 

1579,  October  3rd.  Slaley:  Office  against  Gawen  Heron  and  Robert  Bambndge  churchwardens. 
'Their  ch'appell  is  in  decay,  bothe  the  chancell  and  body  of  the  same,  and  in  the  glass  windowes.' ' 

1595  February.  Office  against  Cuthbert  Radcliffe  at  Slaley.  '  He  kepeth  no  minister  there,  and 
therefore'  they  have  seldom  service  and  there  dead  lye  unburyed  and  there  children  unchristened  till 
thev  seeke  for  help  in  the  countrie.' 

'At  a  visitation  held  at  Corbridge  in  1601,  the  office  was  promoted  against  the  curate  and 
churchwardens  of  Slaley,  'That  they  have  had  no  sermons  this  last  yeare,  and  that  they  use  no 
perambulation  in  Rogation  weeke  and  that  the  Register  booke  (is)  in  paper.'  At  the  same  visitation 
there  was  office  against  Edward  Hourd  and  Margaret  his  wife  as  recusants.'^ 

1603,  August  30th.     Slalye  ;    Office  against  the  churchwardens  that  they  have  no  register  book  nor 

new  communion  booke.'^  „      .     ,  •,,      r  ,  t-i 

1663.     Sleylee  hath  been    most   supplied   by   Mr.   Hall   of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  till   of  late.     The 

impropriator,    Mr.   Henry  Thornton.     The   impropriacion   valued  and  lett  at   £28   per  annum.'      [The 

benefice]  wants  competent  maintenance  ;   the  curate  there  haveing  at  present  (and  never  had  more)  but 

twenty  nobles  per  annum.'  ,     ■   ,       j      ■  ,    .1 

1665,  September  6th.     A  collection  under  a  brief  made  at  Slaley  for  the  people  infected  with  the 

Plague  realised  is.'  ,  „•  ,      j 

Between  1659  and  1687.  Suit  in  the  ecclesiastical  court  at  Durham,  Henry  Thornton  v.  Richard 
Farelamb  respecting  certain  corn  tithes  arising  in  Slaley.  The  defendant  claimed  to  be  exempt  for 
seven  years  and  pleaded  that  Slaley  moor  or  fell  by  all  time  whereof  the  memory  of  man  is  not  to  the 
contrary  until  within  the  time  of  three  years  next  before  the  beginning  of  this  suit,  was  barren  heath  and 
waste  grounds,  full  of  great  stones,  hather,  ling,  and  mosses,  and  such  other  unfruitful  and  barren 
things  That  the  said  Richard  Farelamb  being  desirous  to  take  away  the  barrenness  and  unfruufulness 
of  the  said  lands,  about  the  time  aforesaid  with  mattocks,  spades,  carts  and  carnages,  did  cause  them 
to  be  di-"ed,  turned  over  and  ploughed,  and  the  heath,  hather,  ling  and  great  stones,  with  axes,  hatchets 
and  spa^fes  did  cause  to  be  cut  up,  extirpated  and  rooted,  and  the  same  lands,  by  paring,  burning, 
ploughing,  and  manuring  did  convert  from  their  former  barrenness  and  unfruitfulness  into  arable  land. 

1688,  December  13th.  Dame  Elizabeth  Radcliff'e  of  Dilston,  widow,  by  will  of  this  date,  gave  40s. 
a  year  to  the  poor  of  Slaley." 

>  Depositions  and  Ecclcs.  Proc.  Raine,  p.  52  ;  Surt.  Soc.  No.  21. 

2  Pat  Rolls,  21  Eliz.  pt.  ii.  On  the  12th  April,  1579,  Sir  Christopher  Hatton  conveyed  to  Sir  John 
Forsier,  who  reconveyed  to  Sir  John  Fenwick,  and  he  on  the  6th  October,  1613,  to  John  kadchtle  of 
Blanchl'and,  esq.;  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'S,'  pp.  100-107. 

'  Eccles.  Proc.  of  Bp.  Barnes,  p.  125.     Surt.  Soc.  No.  22. 

'  Canon  Raine's  interleaved  Randal. 

•  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  Collection,  'V,'  p.  242.  '  Ihid.  '  V,'  p.  271. 

Mn  1652  a  pension  or  allowance  of  £20  a  year,  payable  out  of  the  rectory  of  Bywell  St  And,ew  and 
Slaley,  was  assigned  to  the  Commonwealth  vicar  of  Tynemouth.  See  Mr.  H.  A.  Adamson  s  Gleanings 
from  the  Records  of  the  Parish  of  Tynemouth,'  Arch.  Ad.  vol.  xix.  p.  96. 

»  'View  of  the  Ecclesiastical  State,'  etc..  Arch.  Ad.  vol.  xvii.  p.  259. 

»  Mick.  MSS.  XX.  23,  Bp.  Cosin,  p.  324-  '"  Ritschell,  Tyneside  Charities. 


384  SLALEY    PARISH. 

1693,  May  ijtli.  John  Shafto,  vicar  of  Warden,  by  will  of  this  dale  gave  ^to  per  annum  to 
augment  the  benefice  of  Slaley.' 

Nicholas  Ridley  liy  will  gave  40s.  a  year  to  the  poor  of  Slaley.' 

1721.     Thomas  Tcasdale  by  will  gave  /"20  to  the  poor  of  Slaley.' 

John  Thornton  of  Netherwiuon,  conveyed  the  advowson  of  Slaley  to  John  Aynsley  of  Hexham, 
before  1723,  apparently  by  way  of  mortgage,  or  in  trust  ;  for  on  December  22nd,  1743,  James  Thornton 
of  Netherwitton,  conveyed  the  advowsons  of  Slaley  and  Ijywell  .St.  Andrew  to  John  Fenwick  of  ISywell, 
for  £\i7  los.  od.' 

1729,  October  9th.  Matthew  Carr  of  Marleycoat  Walls  by  will  gave  £~,  a  year  to  the  poor  and 
;f4  a  year  to  Slaley  school.  The  bequest  to  the  school  was  charged  upon  the  Flothers  and  Smith's 
Close  by  deed  dated  21st  April,  1759.' 

'  Ritschell,  Tyncside  Charities. 

"The  Rev.  John  Hodgson's  notes  from  Archdeacon  .Sharp's  Minute-book.  '  Hiiil. 

'  Miss  Hedley's  deeds. 

'  Report  of  the  Commissioners  to  inquire  concerning  Charities,  18 19- 1837. 


INDEX. 


385 


INDEX. 


Acomb,   East,  township,    ii8-iji  ;    area  and  census 
returns,  ii8  ;  early  histor)',  ii8-iig  ;  subsidy  rolls, 

119  ;  muster  roll,   119  ;  surveys  of  1570  and  1608, 

120  ;     crown    grants    of  land,    121   ;     hearth    tax 
roll,  121  ;  incidental  mention,  83,  8;,  87. 

Acomb,  West  Barns,  365. 

Acomb,    de,   Alan,    119;    Galfrid,   203  ;    Hugh,    144; 
Roger,   119;    titred,   118,    119;    (Akum),   Walter, 

"9.  145- 
Acton  (Aykton,  Akedone),  313,  325,  328,  341  ;    hearth 

tax  roll,  329  ;  sanative  spring,  341. 
Adams,    William,    crown    grantee    of   Shotley   chapel, 

305- 
Adamson,  John,  curate  of  Slaley,  381,  383. 
Addison,  Elizabeth,  141  ;  John,  141. 
Agnew,  Catherine,  236  ;  James,  236. 
Aireyholm,  278,  291. 
Alanson,  Robert,  194. 
Alba  Landa  priory  in  Coutance,  312. 
Alba  Landa  abbey  in  Carmarthen,  312-313,  316. 
Alba  Landa  priory  in  Guernsey,  312 
Albemarle  (Albamarle),  William,  earl  of,  36,  43. 
Aldam  (Warde-Aldam),  William,  174,  175,  363. 
Aide.  Richard,  350. 
Alden  (de  Alden),  Jordan,  42. 
Aldenselling,  178. 
Alder,  Robert,  236. 
Aldisbrig  Strother,  254. 
Allansford    (AUensford,    AUenford),    mill   and    forge, 

231,  278,  284,  301-302  ;  mentioned  by  Scott,  302. 
Allanshields   (AUenshelles,  Alayncheles,  Aleynsheles), 

207,  324,  325,  359. 
Allen  and  Whitmore,  crown  grantees  in  Acomb,  121  ; 

in  Broomley,  152  ;  in  Shotley  and  Slaley,  344. 
Allendale  lead-mines,  364. 
AUenheads,  364. 
AUeoshields   (Alaynscheleys,   Alaynschelis),   John  de, 

35°)  35'i  3^^  i  William,  350,  366. 
Allenson,  Marmaduke,  167  ;  Thomasine,  167, 
AUerset  (Allerseth,  AUersete),  262,  279,  300. 
AUerset   (de    Allirseth),    Adam,    280  ;     Richard,  279  ; 

William,  279. 


Allgood  (Algood,  Augood),  Esther,  273,  274,  275  ; 
will  of,  273  ;  George,  152  ;  James,  29S  ;  John,  364; 
Lancelot,  273,  274,  275,  374  ;  Major,  274 ; 
Margaret,  152  ;  .Mary,  267,  273,  274  ;  Thomas,  85, 
152. 

Allgood  of  Riding,  pedigree,  274. 

Alnwick  castle,  abbey,  etc.,  28,  323,  354. 

Alresbars,  178. 

Alriburne  (Alrib'),  Ralph  de,  159,  182,  183. 

Alston  mines,  36,  37,  340. 

Alwinton  (AUerton)  rectory,  174, 

Amis,  Henry,  153. 

Amundeville,  Thomas  de,  144  ;  Robert  de,  315. 

Anderson,  John,  269  ;  Nicholas,  269. 

Andrews  (Andrew),  Anthony,  115;  Catherine,  231, 
288  ;  Christopher,  295  ;  Elizabeth,  231  ;  George, 
157,  162  ;  Jane,  295  ;  John,  230,  231,  281,  282,  283, 
285,  286,  288,  289,  290,  292,  295  ;  Margery,  231, 
295  ;  Nicholas,  115,  157,  281,  283,  285,  286  ; 
Robert,  283  ;  Thomas,  210  ;  widow,  285. 

Andrews  of  Shotley,  pedigree,  286. 

Angel,  a  coin  so  named,  209. 

Angerton,  131,  222,  226,  227,  228,  250,  263,  316. 

Angus  (Agois,  Angas,  Anguis,  Agnuis,  August), 
Alexander,  150,  151,  152;  Anthony,  353  ;  ."Vrchi- 
bald,  281  ;  David,  281,  353,  356  ;  George,  205  ; 
Henry,  205  ;  John,  267  ;  Ralph,  266,  273  ; 
William,  281,  354 

Anhenton,  83. 

Ansell,  Michael,  273. 

.■\nEtey,  Christopher,  author  o{  A'ew  Bath  Guide,  100. 

Apperley  township,  164-168  ;  area  and  population, 
164;  medieval  owners,  164-165;  subsidy  roll,  165; 
Boutflower  family,  165-166  ;  preachings  of  John 
Davis,  the  ejected  vicar  of  By  well,  165;  Boutflower 
arms,  166  ;  their  pedigree,  167  ;   notices  of,  83,  190, 

J92.  '95.  ^^5,  ^3',  ^55- 
Apperley  common,  enclosure  of,  166. 
Apperley   chapel,   241,    304,    313.       See    addenda    et 

corrigenda. 
.'\pperley   (Aptreley,    Appiltreley),    Stephen  de,   227  ; 

Thomas,  145. 
Apperley,  in  Newbiggin,  346  ;  account  of,  347. 


Vol.  VL 


49 


386 


INDEX. 


Appleby,  John,  329. 

Apsley  and  Alcock,  crown  grantees  of  Bywell,  96. 

Archer,  John,  91  ;  Margaret,  140,  141  ;  Michael,  102  ; 
William,  141.  143. 

Archer-Hind,  Elizabeth,  140,  141  ;  will  of,  143  ; 
Thomas,  140,  143. 

Arkwright  (Arkewyrth),  Adam,  366  ;  Richard,  366  ; 
Robert,  360. 

Arms,  seals  armorial,  etc.  :  Aedgar,  the  earl,  103  ;  Bacon 
of  Staward  and  Styford,  235,  246  ;  Alexander  de 
Baliol,  52  ;  Bernard  de  Baliol,  22  ;  Edward,  70  ; 
Eustace  de  Baliol,  30,  104,  203  ;  Hugh  de  Baliol,  37, 
39,  104,  144,  179,  203  ;  John  de  Baliol,  49,  52,  67, 
179;  Baliol,  72;  Boutflower  of  Apperley,  166,  167, 
201  ;  Blakiston,  246  ;  abbatial  seals  of  Blunchlana, 
315,  316;  Bolbec,  224;  William  de  Bywell,  the 
deacon,  no;  Claxton  of  Claxton,  193;  Guy 
Darrayns,  184,  188  ;  Isolda  Darrayns,  189  ;  Milo 
Darrayns,  183  ;  Darrayns  of  VVhittonstall,  177,  178, 
187,  188;  abbot  of  Dundrennan,  46;  Gilbert  de 
Suthayk,  commissary  of  the  bishop  of  Durham, 
115;  the  officially  of  Durham,  117;  Errington,  2^6, 
276  ;  Sir  Hugh  de  Eure,  46  ;  Roger,  bishop  of 
Exeter,  104  ;  John  de  Salisbury,  treasurer  of 
Exeter,  104  ;  Fenvvick  of  Bywell,  98,  246  ;  Grey  of 
Wallington,  246  ;  Hall  of  Newsham,  246  ;  Sibilla  de 
Hindley,  159;  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  296,  308  ; 
Hutaker,  317;  Ingliby,  113;  Sir  John  de  Lancaster, 
227  ;  Lewen,  146,  148  ;  Lewen  of  Newcastle,  148  ; 
Sir  Humphrey  Lisle,  124;  Sir  Robert  Lisle  (de 
Insula),  123  ;  Lyham  (?  borne  as  Strother),  246; 
William  de  Medomsley,  182  ;  Menevill  of  Whitton- 
stall,  192  ;  Sibilla,  daughter  of  William  de  Morpeth, 
186:  Mowbray  of  Slaley  and  Mortimer,  364;  Newton 
of  Stocksfield,  258,  259  ;  St.  Mary's  Hospital,  New- 
castle, 176,  184  ;  Nevill,  78;  St.  Albans  abbey,  104; 
Symon,  abbot  of  St.  Albans,  104 ;  William  de 
Silksworth,  191  ;  Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  215  ; 
Nicholas  dc  Skelton,  146  ;  Sir  Henry  le  Spring, 
46;  Sir  John  de  Stuteville,  191  :  Tunstal,  246; 
Walton  of  Shotley,  288  ;  Agnes,  daughter  of  Serlo 
de  VVhittonstall,  182;  Wilson  of  Shotley,  288. 

Armstrong,  Lord,  330  ;  David,  281  ;  Edward,  269  ; 
Hector,  81  ;  Henry,  83  ;  George,  83,  219,  281,  347  ; 
John,  219,  347;  Lyell,  281;  Teasdale,  382; 
Thomas,  157,  269,  270,  271. 

Armstrongs,  Liddesdale  thieves,  353. 

Arrayns  (de  Areines).     See  Darrayns. 

Arthur,  King,rtraditional  association  with  Blanchland, 
3«3.  3'7. 


Ashton  (Asheton),  Thomas,  202  ;  William,  95,  247  ; 

vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  will  of,  247. 
Aslakbi,  Thomas  de,  279. 
Astley,  William,  of  Aislaby,  148  ;   Maud,  149. 
Athol,  Sir  Adamor  de,  J 38. 
Atkinson,  Charles,  214  ;  James,  102  ;   John,  253,  293  ; 

Joseph,  364;  Robert,  153,   195. 
Aubone,  Phillis,  115. 
Audrey  (Audre),  John,  279. 
Auforth,  William  de,  351. 
Augero,  Mag.,  104. 
Awkland,  Christian,  187. 
Axwell  park,  359,  362. 
Aydon,  Widdrington's  lands,  147. 
Aydon  (Ayden),  John,  194  ;  Robert,  194. 
Aynsley    (Ainsley),   John,  242,  243,    384  ;    Margaret, 

the  witch,  164;   Michael,  164;   William,  121. 
Ayrik  (Ayrike,  Ayrigh),  William,  116,  117,  146,  256. 
Ayton,  John  F.,  of  Hindley,  160. 

B. 

Backworth  in  Bywell  (Bacwrthe,  Bacworthe,  Bakwurth, 
Bacwrze,  etc.),  178,  190,  195,  197,  202,  203,  204, 
250  ;  identification  and  early  charters,  203. 

Backworth,  Edulf  de,  203  ;  Hugh  de,  199  ;  Serlo  de, 
203  ;  William  de,  145,  180, 

Bacon,  Charles,  276;  John,  99,  117,  154,  234; 
Margaret,  99,  233,  234,  235  ;  Susanna,  99 ; 
William,  99,  233,  234. 

Bacon  (Bacon-Grey)  of  Staward  and  Styford,  pedigree 
and  arras,  235  ;  monumental  inscriptions,  246. 

Bacon  of  Isle  of  Man,  pedigree,  237.  . 

Bacon,  F.,  J.,  E.  and  E.,  229. 

Bacon-Grey,  Miss,  234,  237,  267,  276. 

Bailey  (Belly,  Belley,  Bayley,  Bailie),  Gilbert,  157; 
George,  194;  John,  156;  Oswald,  155,  156,  157; 
Richard,  194;  Roger,  194  ;  Robert,  91  ;  Thomas, 
194  ;  William,  209. 

Bailhill,  341. 

Bailleul-sur-Eaune,  67. 

Bailleul-en-Gouffern,  15,  16. 

Bailleul-en-Vimeu,  15,  16,  17,  25,  53,  66,  67,  70,  72. 

Bainbridge  (Baynbrig,  Bynebryggh),  Cuthbert,  354, 
365  ;  Catherine,  365  ;  Eleanor,  382 ;  Elizabeth, 
monumental  inscription,  380  ;  George,  274,  275  ; 
Jacob,  monumental  inscription,  380 ;  Jane,  274,  276  ; 
John,  231,  281,  354,  359,  365,  383;  Joseph,  135, 
137;  Lancelot,  358,  365  ;  Mary,  365  ;  Robert,  354, 
356,  358,  383  ;  Thomas,  365,  monumental  inscrip- 
tion, 380;  William,  231,267,273,274,275,  276,  359. 


INDEX. 


387 


Bainbridge    of    Slaley    and    Riding,    pedigree,    275  ; 
monumental  inscription,  380. 

Baker,  George  (Sir  George),  214,  229,  230,  231,  266, 
273,  284.  289,  290,  291,  293,  345,  373. 

Baliol,  house  of,  15-73;  origin  and  early  history  of 
family,  15-16  ;  Guy  Baliol,  16-21;  Marwood,  Gain- 
ford,  Stokesby,  Hitchen  estates,  18-21  ;  Bernard 
Baliol  I.,  21-25  ;  builder  of  Barnard  castle,  21  ; 
seal,  22  ;  at  the  battle  of  the  Standard,  22  ;  good 
deeds,  23-25  ;  Bernard  Baliol  II.,  26-29  ;  grants  to 
monasteries,  26-27  ;  leader  for  the  relief  of  Aln- 
wick in  1174,  description  of  same  by  Jordan 
Fantosme,  28-29  '•  battle  cry,  29  ;  Eustace  Baliol, 
29-31  ;  grant  to  monasteries,  30  ;  seal,  30  (j«  a/so 
plate);  Hugh  Baliol  11.,  31-40;  a  supporter  of 
King  John,  31,  32,  33,  34;  connection  with  Mere 
and  Mitford,  34-35  ;  dispute  with  Alston  miners, 
36-37  ;  grants  to  monasteries,  37-38  ;  seal,  37  (i« 
aiso  plate)  ;  concessions  to  Barnard  castle,  38-39  ; 
John  Baliol  I.,  40-51  ;  marriage  with  Devorguil, 
41  ;  disputes  with  bishop  of  Durham,  41-43,  45  ; 
public  appointments,  44,  47,  48 ;  foundation  of 
Baliol  college,  49  ;  profound  affection  of  his  wife, 
50-51  ;  seal,  49  (^see  also  plate)  ;  Devorguil  Baliol, 
parentage,  41;  founder  of  Baliol  college,  49; 
Wyntoun's  account  of,  50  ;  seal  {s^e  plate)  ;  Hugh 
Baliol  II,,  51  ;  Alexander  Baliol,  52,  seal  {see 
plate)  ;  John  Baliol,  king  of  Scotland,  52-68  ;  heir- 
ship of  throne  of  Scotland,  53-5S  ;  coronation,  58  ; 
education  at  Durham  school,  53-54;  gift  to  bishop 
Bek,  62  ;  resignation  of  kingdom,  65  ;  death,  67  ; 
character,  67  ;  great  seal  and  coinage,  67-68  (s^e 
also  plate)  ;  Edward  Baliol,  king  of  Scotland, 
68-71  ;  surrender  of  kingdom,  70  ;  great  seal,  70 
(.t«  also  plate)  ;  death,  70  ;  character,  70-71. 
Baliol  pedigree  and  arms,  72-73. 

Baliol  (Bailgiole,  Ballolo,  Balliol,  Bailleuel),  Ada,  19, 
39  ;  Atuidis,  25  ;  .\le.\ander,  19,  52,  56,  71,  89,  187, 
190,  255;  Agnes,  21,  26,  27,  29,  51,  71  ;  Almieria 
(Amilia),  16;  Amfrido,  144,  203;  Bernard,  i6,  17, 
20,21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  29,  30,  31,  32, 
35,  38,  122,  177,  178,  203,  254;  Cecilia,  39; 
Devorguil,  41,  43,  44,  4^,  49.  5°,  5'.  53.  89  ; 
Dionesia,  20  ;  Eleanor  (Alianor),  19,  52,  71,  89, 
187,  190;  Eustace,  17,  25,  26,  29,  30,  31,  35, 
40.4^.45.  i°4.  '05.  144,  159.  iSo,  181,  203,  377  ; 
Edward  (king  of  Scotland),  16,  64,  66,  67,  68,  69, 
70,  71  ;  Guy  (Guido,  Wido,  Wimund),  15,  16,  i;-, 
18,  t9,  20,  21,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27,  28,  30,  41,  105, 
106,  177  ;  Geoffrey  (Gaufrid),  15,  16  ;  Gilbert,  16  ; 


Hawis,  16,  20,  21,  26  ;  Henry.  31,  42,  69,  104; 
Hugh,  16,  17,  1 8,  19,  20,  21,  24,  26,  29,  30,  31, 
32.  33,  34.  35.  36,  3-.  3S,  39.  40,  43.  44,  48,  49, 
50,  5',  52,  71,  89,  "°4,  144,  159,  179,  "87,  1901 
203,  254,  314.  377;  Ingram,  23,  24,  25,  26,  30, 
31,  42,  144;  Isabel,  67  ;  Joanne,  67;  John  (king 
of  Scotland),  16,  18,  21,  29,  52,  53,  54,  55,  56, 
57,  58,  59,  60,  61,  62,  63,  64,  65,  66,  67,  71,  74  ; 
John,  20,  22,  26,  27,  36,  37,  39,  40,  41,  42,  43, 
44,  45.  46,  47,  48.  49,  5°,  5',  5^,  88,  89,  115,  122, 
179,  180,  184,  185,  190,  197,  204  ;  Joscelin,  16,  27, 
35i  45;  Margaret,  70;  Matilda,  25,  26;  Osbert, 
16  ;  Petronell,  31  ;  Rainald,  16  ;  Ralph,  16,  25  ; 
Robert,  18S  ;   Roger,  26  ;   Ursel,  15. 

Baliwode,  322. 

Balkcok,  John,  204. 

Balmburgh,  34,  62. 

Balreim,  Guy  de,  26. 

Barker,  John,  194,  195  ;   Ralph,  J94. 

Barkus,  Andrew,  194;  John,  194. 

B.irley-hill,  alia'.  Barlaw-hill,  302. 

Barmston,  284. 

Barnard  castle,  19,  21,  25,  27,  32,  33,   34,  38,  39,  45, 
49,  5*,  53,  ^6,  81,  iSo,  181  ;    Roger,  the  miller,  27. 

Barnes  and  Waterhouse,  crown  grantees  in  Todburn, 
376  ;  and  in  Marley  Coat  Walls,  376. 

Barnett,   Hudson,   minister   of  Blanchland,  338. 

Barningham  (Bernyngham),  Richard  de,  74. 

Baron-house,  374. 

Barrasford  (de  Barouesford),  William,  234. 

Barret  (Barat),  Adam,  180,  186  ;  John,  90. 

Bartholomew,  Roger,  of  Berwick,  59,  60. 

Barton,  Robert  de,  190. 

Basedale  in  Cleveland,  19,  40. 

Bassett,  William,  112. 

Bat,  Robert  de,  90. 

Bataill,  Peter  de,  144. 

Bates  (Bate),   Anne,   163;  Blaise,  93,    150,   151,    152, 
229;    Barbary,   151;    George,    151,    152,  271,  272; 
Isabel,    382;    John,  119,   152,   153;     Leonard,  115, 
153  ;  Robert,   155,  156,  157  ;   Ralph,  235  ;  Thomas, 
91,    115,     134,    142,   147,   163,    271  ;    William,   92, 
115,   150,    151,   152;  widow,  271. 
Bates-burn,  143. 
Battail,  Peter,   144. 
Bawding-hope,  324,  325. 
Baxter   (Backster),    Thomas,    canon     of   Blanchland, 

323  ;  William,  85. 
Bay-bridge,  341. 
Bayles,  Bannister,  231,  359,  360,  375. 


388 


INDEX. 


Baynes,  George,  370  ;  Catherine,  363,  369,  370,  376. 

B'cistone,  Baldwin,  17. 

Bearl  (Berehill,  etc.)  TOWNSUir,  250-25+  ;  mentioncJ, 
S5,  II+,  125,  142,  143,  222  ;  area  and  census 
returns,  250  ;  possessed  successively  by  the  Lisles, 
the  Carnabys,  and  the  Ogles,  250-251  ;  subsidy 
rolls,  251,  252  ;  estreat  of  manor,  252  ;  pedigree 
of  Wailes,  253;  common  pasture,  120,   121. 

Bearl  (de  Berehil,  etc.),  Klias,  251  ;  Walter,  251. 

Beatie,  Thomas,  minister  of  Shotley,  deposition  of, 
309. 

Beauclerk,  monumental  inscription,  246  ;  Lord  Charles, 
275  ;    Lord  George,  274. 

Beaumont,  T.  W.,  97,  154,  254,  260;  purchases  By- 
well  and  builds  Bywell  bridge,  97  ;  T.  R.,  375  ; 
W.    B.,  157,   158,  266;    W.  C.   B.,   154,    267,   363, 

368.  37",  375- 
Beaver,  Sarah,  236. 
Bedlington,  Lambert,  vicar  of,  i  lo. 
Bee,  Edward,  195,  198,  272. 
Bekering,  Thomas  de,  225. 
Beldon,  83,  314,  315,  340,  342,  355,  356. 
Bell,  Christopher,  365  ;    Dorothy,  365  ;  Edward,  256  ; 

John,  116,  358,  361  ;  Margery,  115  ;  Michael,  275  ; 

Richard,  35S ;     Rob:rt,  363;    Thomas,    153,    359; 

William,  102,  275,  311. 
Bellasis,  Dr.,  323,  324. 
Bellingham,  Nicholas,  124;   Richard,  378. 
Bellister   (Bilistre),   Adam   de,  222,  250;    Robert    de, 

222,  250. 
Bellow  and  Broxholme,  crown  grantees  of  Blanchland, 

324,  325- 
Bells-kirk,  meeting  at,  355. 
Benbrigg,  Richard,  153. 
Bence,  Ernold,  son  of,  179. 
Bene,  Roger,  183. 
Bennett,    Ann,    i58  ;    Eleanor,    168  ;    Edward,     168  ; 

Theophilus,  minister  of  Newton-hall,  129  ;  Thomas, 

168. 
Benridge  (Benrigge),  131. 
Benson,    Catherine,   175  ;    Gervase    of    Leeds,     175  ; 

Thomas,   parson    of  Edmundbyers,  209. 
Bentham,  William,  236. 

Bentley,  Thomas,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  1 13. 
Benton  (B'netone),  Henry,  186. 
Benwell,  225,  228. 
Bernay  abbey,  221. 
Bertram,  George, 86,  87  ;  Guy,  179,  183  ;   H.iwis,  20,  21  ; 

Richard,   183;    Robert,  31,180,    183,   189;    Roger, 

21,  34,  35,  179,  315  ;   William,  20,  21,  168,  183. 


Bertson,  Thomas,  194. 

Berwick,  castle  and  fortifications,  63,  90. 

Beumys,  Robert  de,  224,  226. 

Beverley,  .Mian  de,  104. 

Bcw,  Robert,  91. 

Bewick,  William,  minister  of  Slalcy,  381. 

Bickerton  in  Coquetdale,   161. 

Biddleston,  John,  141. 

Bigge,  William,  102. 

Biguell,  the  earliest  form  of  Bywell,  14. 

Billington,  Francis,  252. 

Birch,  Joseph,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  248. 

Birches-nook,   the    great    Northumberland   witchcraft 

case,  163-164,  276. 
Birkenside  (Berkenside,  Birkside,  etc.),  83,  85,  226.  227, 

231,  238,  263,  27S,  279,  280,   282,   283,   284,   293, 

324,325,328,342;  musterroll,  2S1  ;  account  of,293 
Birkett,  Thomas,  clerk,  382. 
Birks  (Burk,  Byrk,   Byrkes),    Mathew,    156;    Ralph, 

194;  Robert  de,  155,  156,  157. 
Birtley,  John  de,  193. 
Birtley,  in  Chollerton,  359,  369. 
Bitchfield,  21,  85. 

Black-burn,  231,  342,  344,  348,  359,  360,  363,  375. 
Blackburn,    .Mice,    91;    Jon.,    362;  Margaret,     374; 

William,  276,  363. 
Blackett,  Edward,  102;    C.  E.,   129;    John,  125,   127, 

233  ;  Sir  Walter,  102,  214,  230,  231,  359,  371,  375, 

3S1  ;  Sir  William,  358,  3-1,  375  ;  W.  F,  11 1,  129  ; 

monumental  inscription,  iii. 
Black-hall,  364. 
Black-Heddon,  85,  122. 
Black-lledley  (BUuhedley,  etc.),  83,  85,  86,  226,  231, 

262,     27S,    279,    280,  281,     282,    283,   284,     300  ; 

account    of,    294-297  ;  pedigree  of  Hopper,  296. 
Black-Hedley-port,  231,  294. 
Black-Hedley,  Thomas  de,  278. 
Blagdon  (Blaikden),  171. 
Blagdon  (Blaigden),  Robert,  170,  171. 
Blakatave,  Thos.,  125. 
Blake  (Blaike),  Nicholas,  329. 
Blakedenburne,  116. 

Blakhos,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  347. 
Blakiston    (Blaykeston),    Margaret,    98  ;  Roger,   112, 

301  ;  Sir  William,  98. 
Blanchland,  account  of,  312-341  ;   patronage  of  abbey, 

131;   rent-charge   out   of   Riding-mill,  265;    area 

and  census  returns,  312;   derivation  of  name,  312  ; 

mythical   settlement   of  King  Arthur's  days,    313, 

317;  the  coming  of  the  Praemonstratensian  canons. 


■INDEX. 


389 


313;  Walter  de  Bolbec's  foundation  charter,  313; 
Hugh  de  Bolbec's  charter  of  augmentation,  314  ; 
his  grant  of  the  church  of  Heddon,  315  ;  grant  of 
Woodyfield  from  the  prior  and  convent  of  Durham, 
315  ;  abbatial  seals,  315,  316  ;  Henry  de  Graham's 
grant  of  rent-charge,  316  ;  Sir  Thomas  de 
Divelston's  grant,  316  ;  admission  of  abbot  Norton 
and  the  'blessing'  of  abbot  Staynton,  316  ; 
Edward  HI.  at  Blanchland,  317  ;  a  detailed  account 
of  the  Scottish  raid  on  Tyneside  in  1327,  317-320  ; 
royal  benefactions  to  abbey,  320,  321  ;  grant  by 
Nicholas  de  Houghton,  320  ;  grant  of  the  church 
of  Bolam  by  Robert  de  Herle,  321-322  ;  bishop 
Hatfield's  confirmation  of  the  same,  322  ;  bequest 
by  Sir  Ralph  de  Hastings,  322  ;  tithes  suit,  322  ; 
the  first  dissolution  of  the  abbey,  322  ;  the  second 
dissolution  of  the  same,  323  ;  report  of  the  visitors 
of  the  northern  monasteries,  323  ;  list  of  brethren 
at  the  period  of  the  dissolution,  323  ;  survey  of 
the  possessions  of  the  house,  323  ;  a  list  of  abbots, 
324  ;  site  of  abbey  and  the  demesne  granted  to 
Bellow  and  Broxholm',  324  ;  r,;citation  of  the  lands 
comprised  in  the  giant,  32;  ;  the  abbey  and 
demesne  sold  to  Farewell,  325;  'view'  of  the 
estates  in  1558,  325  ;  notices  of  the  system  of 
'  sealed  blanks,'  326  ;  alleged  dependence  of 
Blanchland  on  Shap  abbey,  326 ;  Farewell  and 
Radclifife  pedigree,  with  wills  and  evidences,  327  ; 
elucidation  of  the  descent  of  Forster  from  Radcliffe, 
328 ;  enumeration  of  Dame  Elizabeth  Forster's 
dower  lands,  328  ;  hearth  tax  rolls,  328,  329  ; 
inventory  of  Dame  Elizabeth  Forster's  personal 
estate  at  Blanchland  and  Durham,  329  ;  Sir 
Thomas  Swinburne's  refuge  at  Blanchland  and  his 
death,  329  ;  estate  purchased  by  Lord  Crewe,  329  ; 
property  of  the  abbot  and  convent  in  Slaley,  379  ; 
incidental  notices,  131,  231,  282,  304,  324,  325, 
363  ;  ancient  mines  and  lead  workings  of  the 
district,  340-341. 
Blanchland  abbey  church,  account  of,  330-340  ;  con- 
stitution of  parish,  330;  John  Wesley's  preachings, 
330  ;  architectural  description  of  the  structure, 
330-335  ;  notes  on  stone  vtrsus  wood  churches,  331  ; 
piscina,  333;  lavatory,  336;  ancient  grave 
covers,  337  ;  stained  glass  with  figures  of  Praemon- 
stratensian  canons,  337  ;  churchyard  cross,  337  ; 
communion  plate,  338  ;  list  of  ministers,  338  ; 
visitations,   etc.,    338  ;  endowment  of  benefice,  338, 

375- 
Blanchland  gate-house  tower,  332,  337. 


Blanchland,  abbots  of,  227,  279,  315,  316,  323,  314. 

Blanchland,  Thomas  de,  279. 

'  Blanchland  Races,'  pipes  tune,  330. 

Bland,  Henry,  235. 

Blaydon  Main  colliery,  214. 

Blenkinsop,  George,  231  ;  .lohn,  235  ;  Joseph,  341. 

Blunt,  Barbara,  241  ;  Cuthbert,  241,  242,  247  ;  crown 
lease  of  Byvvell  St.  Andrew  rectory,  326  ;  Thomas, 
241. 

Boag,  Hugh,  102. 

Bochard,  Richard,  202  ;  Sibilla,  202. 

Bog-hall,  231,  363. 

Bolam  church  granted  to  Blanchland,  321. 

Bolam,  James  de,  222,  250  ;  William  de,  222,  250. 

Bolbec  barony,  account  of,  221-231  ;  constituent  parts, 
84,  85,  221  ;  a  I  St  of  free  tenants  in  1608,  85  ; 
place  of  origin  of  Bolbec  family  and  creation  of 
their  barony,  221  ;  extent  of  barony,  221  ;  the 
home  manors  virtually  compressed  in  St.  Andrew's 
parish,  221  ;  free  tenants  in  1263,  225  ;  the  chapel 
of  Styford,  225  ;  the  co-heiresses  of  Hugh  de 
Bolbec,  226  ;  Styford  subsidy  roll,  227  ;  Sir  John 
de  Lancaster,  227  ;  his  arms,  227  ;  Robert  de 
Herle  and  Sir  Ralph  de  Hastings  successive  lords, 

228  ;  barony  granted  to  the  Nevills,  228  ;  '  the 
Earls'  Rebellion,'  and  the  earl  of  Westmorland's 
attainder,  229  ;  the  barony  granted  to  Ditchfield 
and  others,  229  ;   purchased  by  Sir  George  Baker, 

229  ;  and  afterwards  by  George  Silvertop,  230. 
Bolbec,  Seine  Inf^rieure,  221. 

Bolbec  family,  account  of,  221-226  ;  their  origin,  221  ; 
their  benefactions  to  monastic  houses,  222,  313, 
3i4i  377  I  their  pedigree  and  arms,  224  ;  Hugh 
de  Bolbjc's  daughter  and  co-heiresses,  225,  226. 

Bolbec   common    enclosure.   230  ;  names    of  allottees, 

23'.  359- 

Bolbec,  de,  Alice,  130,  225,  226,  262,  378  ;  Helvwis, 
222,  224  ;  Hugh.  104,  no,  130,  186,  221,  222,  223, 
225,  226,  23S,  250,  26z,  27S,  315,  342,  349,  370, 
377,  378  ;  his  charter  of  endowment  of  Blanchland, 
314;  .Margery,  130,  225,  226,  262;  Maud,  130, 
225,  226,  370  ;  Philippa,  130,  225,  226,  263  ; 
Sibilla,  222,  224,  315  ;  Theophania,  130,  224; 
Walter,  222,  223,  225,  250,  315,  348,  349,  377; 
his  foundation  charter  of  Blanchland,  313. 

Bollesdon,  William  de,  225. 

Bollisher,  278,  291. 

Bolteslaw,  324,  325. 

Bolton,  Thomas,  vicar  of  By  well  St.  Peter,  113. 

Booth  (Booithe),  Roger,  209. 


390 


INDEX. 


Boso,  William,  son  of,  255. 

Botehouse,  83,  150,  151,  152. 

Boteland  (de   Botelaund),  (query    ButclanJ),   Robert, 

186,  189,  350,  351. 
Bouincurt,  Wido  de,  104. 
Bouiscuria,  Guy  de,  26. 
Bourdall,  John  de,  352. 
Boustead,    Ann,    287  ;     Grace,    288  ;     Joseph,    2S7  ; 

Margaret,  287  ;   Rowland,  288. 
Boutflower  (Duytflore,  etc.),  Geoffrey,    165  ;    George, 

85,  159,  165  ;  Nathaniel,  166  ;   John,  159  ;    Ralph, 

165,   194;    Robert,   157;    Thomas,   160,    165,    166; 

William,  102,  157,  166,  276. 
Boutflower,  of  Apperley,  pedigree,  167. 
Boutflower,  monumental  inscriptions,  201,  247, 
Boutflower  arms,  166,  167,  201, 
Bow,  Robert,  91, 
Bowes,  Anne,  139  ;    George  (Sir  George),  Si,  82,  S6, 

^59i    ^95;     Ralph,    124;     Robert,    S6,    295;    Sir 

William,  85. 
Bowes-Lyon,  Hon.  F.,  363,  376. 
Bowker,  Lieut.  J.  H..  141  ;  Margaret,  140. 
Bownas,  Joseph,  287  ;  .Mary,  2S7. 
Bowyer,  Sir  William,  139. 
Boynton,  Dame  Isabella,  23S. 
Bradeshagh,  313. 
Bradford  (de  Bredford),  John,  90. 
Bradley,  Richard,  vicar  of  By  well  St.  Peter,  96,  113. 
Braithwaite  and   Bromley,  crown  grantees  of  manor  of 

Styford,  232. 
Braithwayt,  de,  Johanna.  146  ;  William,  146. 
Brancepeth,  the  chantry  there,  270. 
Brandlmg,  Charles,  345  ;  Robert,  345. 
Brandon,  Peter  de,  46. 
Brantingham,  Jane,  151. 
Breautd,  Fawkes  de,  36. 
Brenner,  Robert,  74. 
Brettela)',  John  de,  350. 
Bridgeholme,  266. 
Brigham,  Christopher,  of  Newcastle,  14S,   149  ;   Jane, 

148,  149. 
Bright,  Elizabeth,  286  ;  John,  286. 
'  Brincheburgh,'  Nicholas,  prior  of,  21. 
Brito,  William,  104. 

Brittany,  John  of  (Earl  of  Richmond),  63.  71,  74. 
Broad  Oak,  261,  273. 
Brocksbushes,  232,  234. 
Broomhaugh  TOWNSHir,  incidental  notices,  83,  85,  226, 

129,  231,  272,  276  ;   viU  raided  and  burnt  by  Scots, 

227,  228,  263  ;  account,  261-267  ;    "^^  ^"'^  census 


returns,  261  ;  hamlet.  Baptist  chapel  and  Bywell 
St.  .Andrew  vicarage,  261  ;  Captain  Umfrevill,  261, 
early  owners  and  tenants,  262-264  ;  tenants  in  1524 
and  1570,  264;  tenants  in  1608,  265  ;  crown  leases 
and  grants,  265-266;  proprietors  in  1663,  266; 
hearth  tax  rolls,  266, 273  ;  later  proprietors,  266-267  ; 
High  Shield,  author  of  the  'Pitman's  Pay,'  267. 

Broomhaugh  (Bromhald),  l.ady  Alice  de,  262, 

Broomhill,  284,  291. 

Broomley  township,  143-164;  area  and  census 
returns,  143  ;  ancient  fort  near  Watling  Street, 
143  ;  medieval  owners  and  tenants,  144-147  ; 
subsidy  rolls,  145,  146  ;  'selfodes,'  145  ;  tenants  in 
1414  and  1524,  147  ;  notices  of  Lewen  family,  146, 
147,  150;  their  arms  and  pedigree,  148;  their 
wills  and  evidences  to  pedigree,  149  ;  tenants  in 
1570,  150  ;  tenants  in  1576  and  1595,  151  ;  tenants 
in  1608,  152  ;  crown  leases  and  grants,  152  ; 
Newton  pedigree,  153  ;  hearth  ta.x  roll,  153  ; 
Ridley,  154;  Roachy-foot,  158;  Hindley,  159; 
Wheelbirks,  160  ;  Leadhill,  162  ;  Kipperlin,  162; 
Merryshields,  162  ;  Birches-nook,  163  ;  incidental 
notices,  S3,  85,  254,  261. 

Broomley  common,  enclosure  and  division,  154. 

Broomley-hope,  147. 

Broomley  (de  Bromleia,  etc.),  Adam,  193 ;  Thomas, 
146  ;  Walter,  144,  145  ;  William,  144,  159,  1S2. 

Broomy-hall,  in  Dalton,  140. 

Brough-house,  328. 

Broughton,  Thomas,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 

Browell,  Edward,  276. 

Brown  (Broun,  Browne,  Brun),  Adam,  342  ;  Hugh, 
83,  90,  125  ;  James,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter, 
113  ;  John,  92,  126,  195,  201,  230,  281,  287,  291  ; 
Richard,  194;  Robert,  194;  Simpson,  curate  of 
Shotley,  201,  310;  curate  of  Sedberge,  201; 
Thomas,  93,  94,  95,  126;  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 
.And'ew,  241,  247  ;  canon  of  Blanchland,  323  ; 
William,  126,  362  ;   monumental  inscriptions,  201. 

Browns-law  (Brownslee),  356,  357. 

Bruce  (de  Brus),  David,  69,  70  ;  John,  185  ;  Peter,  38  ; 
Robert  (king  of  Scotland),  45,  48,  S4,  55,  56,  57> 
58,  68,69. 

Brumcrokes,  Alan  de,  208. 

Brumpton,  William  de,  164. 

Bruntoft,  Simon  de,  104,  183. 

Brunton  (Burntune),  222,  250. 

l^uck  (Buk),  Andrew,  283;  .Anthony,  281,  290; 
Guthbert,  285  ;  Elizabeth,  282,  2S3  ;  Robert,  281. 

Buckham,  John,  210. 


INDEX. 


391 


Bukkeshott  (Bukkesholte),  324,  325. 

Bulesd',  William  de,  183. 

Bullions,  278,  298. 

Bullister-bush,  128. 

Bulman,  Richard,  353,  371. 

Bunnecurt,  Guy  de,  254. 

Burchard  the  archdeacon,  104. 

Burdus  (Burdusse),  George,  252,  267;  Thomas,  363  ; 
William,  205. 

Burk,  Ralph,  194. 

Burn,  Gilbert  del,  370  ;  John.  269. 

Burnhouse,  231. 

Burnmill,  83,  231,  290. 

Burntshieldhaugh  (Browntshellhaughe,  Bruntsheel- 
haugh),  83,  284,  359. 

Burnett,  George,  102,  296,  297  ;  George  Hopper,  296  ; 
Nicholas,  296,  297. 

Burnett  of  Black  Hedley,  monumental  inscription,  30S. 

Burradon  (Buredon,  Burghdouii),  David  de,  31  ; 
Gilbert  de,  208. 

Burrell,  James,  93  ;   Robert,  115  ;  William,  2S5. 

Burton,  Everard  de,  35. 

Busfeild,  Emily,  100. 

Bush,  231,  360. 

Bush-blades  colliery,  214. 

Butt-greene,  266. 

Byerley,  John,  267  ;  Nicholas,  267. 

Byersunk,  83. 

Byngham,  Adam  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  112, 
247.     See  addenda  et  corrigenda. 

Bywell  (or  Baliol)  BARONY,  14-87  ;  introduction,  i  ; 
geology  of  district,  5  ;  description  of  section  of 
Walling  Street,  12  ;  early  mention  of  church,  14  ; 
extent,  14 ;  pre-Conquest  history,  14 ;  place  of 
origin  and  history  of  Baliol  family,  15-71  ;  pedigree 
of  Baliol,  72  ;  barony  granted  to  John  of  Brittany, 
71,  74;  to  the  countess  of  Pembroke,  74;  to 
the  Nevills,  75 ;  pedigree  of  Nevill,  78  ;  the 
Northern  Rebellion,  80  ;  Hall  and  Homberston's 
survey  of  barony,  82-84  ;  muster  roll  of  1580, 
84 ;  Haggat  and  Warde's  survey,  84-86  ;  free 
tenants  of  the  barony  in  1608,  85  ;  account  of 
the  mills,  fishery,  and  the  later  history  of  the 
manor,  86-87  ;  enclosure  and  division  of  common, 
102. 

Bywell  castle,  75-78  ;  erection,  75  ;  place  of  refuge 
of  Henry  VH.,  75  ;  forfeited  by  earl  of  Westmor- 
land, attainted  by  rebellion,  80-82  ;  cornage,  85  ; 
the  tower  in  1608,  86. 

Bywell  St.  Peter  Parish,  14-320. 


Bywell  St.  Peter  TOWNSHIP,  87-102  ;  area,  87  ;  census 
returns,  88  ;  pre-historic  camp  at  Shildon  hill,  88  ; 
Roman  finds,  88  ;  feudal  history,  88-93  ;  vill 
pillaged  by  the  Scots,  74 ;  burnt  by  fire,  89  ; 
subsidy  rolls,  90;  surveys  of  1414  and  1525,  91; 
muster  roll,  92;  leasehold  tenants  in  1570,  92-94; 
leasehold  tenants  in  1608,  95  ;  acquired  by 
the  Fenwicks,  96  ;  hearth  ta.x  roll,  96  ;  estates  sold 
to  the  Beaumonts,  97  ;  bridges,  ancient  and  modern, 
97  ;  '  Fenwick  of  Bywell,'  a  Northumberland  small 
pipes  tune,  97  ;  Fenwick  pedigree,  98-100  ;  enclosure 
of  common,  101-102. 

Bywell  St.  Peter  church,  102-118;  incidental  notices, 
14,  30,  37,  89  ;  connection  with  Tynemouth,  103,  and 
with  Durham,  103-104;  ancient  charters  preserved 
atDurham,  104  ;  appearance  in  1824,  105  ;  plan,  io5; 
architectural  description,  106.109  ;  chantry,  109-110  ; 
ancient  bells,  111;  monumental  inscriptions,  ui; 
advowson,  112;  list  of  incumbents,  112-114  (s« 
addenda  et  corrigenda)  ;  extracts  from  registers, 
115;  miscellanea,  115-118;  vicarage,  105,  112,  113; 
parish  divided  into  grieveships,  118. 

Bywell  St.  Andrew  PARISH,  220-347. 

Bywell  St.  Andrew  TOWNSHIP,  238-240  ;  area,  238  ; 
held  successively  by  Roger  de  Caldecotes,  Gilbert 
de  Herle,  and  William  Lawson  of  Cramlington,  238  ; 
pedigree  of  Lawson  of  Bywell,  239  ;  will  of 
Edward  Lawson,  239 ;  the  village  cross,  240  ; 
Bywell  hall,  240. 

Bywell  St.  Andrew  church,  early  mention,  14; 
burnt,  89  ;  account  of,  241-249  ;  appropriated 
to  Blanchland  abbey,  241,  313,  324;  patronage 
disputes,  241,  242;  rectory  granted  to  Warde  and 
Morgan,  242  ;  advowson,  241,  242,  243  ;  pre-Con- 
quest tower,  243,  244  ;  architectural  description  of 
structure,  243-245  ;  grave  covers,  245  ;  pre-Reforma- 
tion  church  goods,  245 ;  ancient  bells  and  communion 
plate,  246  ;  description  of  hatchments,  246  ;  monu- 
mental inscription,  246-247 ;  list  of  incumbents, 
247-249  (see  addenda  et  corrigenda)  ;  the  great 
flood  in  river  Tyne,  249  ;  extracts  from  registers, 
249  ;   the  ancient  vicarage  house  and  glebe,  249. 

Bywell  woods,  83,  86  ;  mills,  74,  86,  120  ;  ferry,  91,  95, 
118  ;  Bywell  bridge,  97  ;  the  Three  Quarter  Land, 
248,  249. 

Bywell,  de,  Cecilia,  90;  Elias,  90  ;  John,  91  ;  Hugh, 
90,  112,  20S  ;  Patrick,  112,  188;  Salomon,  112; 
Silvanus,  203;  Walter,  112;  William,  109,  no, 
186,  203. 

'  Bywellshire,'  iSo,  iSi. 


392 


INDEX. 


C. 

Callerton  and  Callerton  Darrayiis,  124,  1S7,  1S9. 

Cambo,  Robert  de,  250. 

Camden's  description  of  IJywell  liridge,  97. 

Camera,  Robert  de,  49. 

Camerarius,  Simon,  104. 

Camoys,  Lord,  216. 

Campbell,  Edward  H.,  290. 

Camping-flatt,  380. 

Capella,  Hugh  de,  42. 

Capheaton,  White-house,  359. 

Capper,  Mary,  346  ;   Robert,  346. 

Carham,  223. 

Carleton,  John  de,  receiver  of  the  victuals,  320. 

Carlisle  castle,  36,  45,  48,  353. 

Carlisle  (de  Carliolo),  John,  90. 

Carlisle,  Adelev,  bishop  of,  21. 

Carnaby,  Agnes,  277;  Anne,  125;  Anthony,  83,  209; 
Catherine,  125,  126,  251  ;  Cuthbert,  239,  251  ; 
David,  209  ;  Isabella,  272  ;  John,  326,  32S  ;  Lancelot, 
277  ;  Mabel,  125,  239  ;  Margaret,  327  ;  Reginald  (Sir 
Reginald),  125,  251,  323,  326,  3:8  ;  Thomas,  125, 
264,  265;  Ursula,  125;  William,  252,  265,  272, 
327  ;  Lady,  252. 

Carr,  Agnes,  365  ;  Alice,  354,  365  ;  Andrew,  281,  354, 
356,  357;  Ann,  365  ;  Anthony,  354  ;  Barbara, 
monumental  inscription,  380  ;  Blanch,  365  ; 
Charlotte,  monumental  inscription,  380;  Cuthbert, 
357  ;  Dorothy,  365  ;  Edward,  281  ;  Eleanor,  365  ; 
Elizabeth,  344  ;  Frances,  monumental  inscription, 
380  ;  George,  231,  281,  344,  359,  365  ;  Gerrard  (or 
Jerrard),  358,  359  ;  Henry,  231,  358,  359,  363,  365, 
375,;  Jane,  327,  328,  365;  John,  210,  231,  281, 
3*7)  35Si  359  >  °f  Slaley  Woodfoot,  monumental 
inscription,  380 ;  Joseph,  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 
Andrew,  248  ;  Lancelot,  209,  354,  357  ;  Lucy,  365  ; 
Margaret,  365;  Mary,  361,  365,  380;  Matthew, 
151.  354,  358,  359.  365,  384;  Nicholas,  354; 
Ralph,  210,  231,  242,  248,  356,  358,  359,  362, 
366,  376  ;  of  Marleycoat  Walls,  monumental  inscrip- 
tion, 380  ;  Richard,  210,  365  ;  Robert,  267  ; 
Samuel,  365  ;  Sarah,  361,  380  ;  Susanna, 
monumental  inscription,  380;  Thomas,  151,  152, 
153,  205,  281,  365  ;  a  novice  at  Blanchland,  323  ; 
William,  83,  231,  236,  253,  281,  355,  358, 
359<  3*5  >  steward  of  the  manor  of  Blanchland, 
329  ;  widow,  358. 

Carr  family,  365. 

Carr   and    Davison,  proprietors    of  Marleycoat  Walls, 

376. 


Carr  wills  and  evidences,  will  of  George  Carr  (1612'), 
365  ;  will  of  Ralph  Carr  (1627),  365  ;  will  of 
Richard  Carr  (1645),  365  ;  will  of  Henry  Carr 
(1752),  365  ;  will  of  Matthew  Carr  (1756),  365  ; 
will  of  Eleanor  Carr  (1767),  365. 

Carrick,  Isabella,  142. 

Carse,  William,  115. 

Carter,  Thomas,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  .Andrew,  24S. 

Cartington,  Gawen,  157  ;     Jane,  193,  194  ;    John,  147, 

'93.  >94- 

Castle-ward  of  Newcastle,  18,  26,  42,  155,  256. 

Catelyn,  William  and  Roger,  74. 

Catour,  Thomas,  264. 

Caudray,  Richard,  clerk,  75. 

Cavendish,  Lady,  252  ;  Sir  William,  252. 

Caward,  Ann,  374  ;  Jane,  374  ;   Margaret,  374  ;  Mary, 

374;  Thomas,  374. 
Cecil,  Lady  Arthur,  287. 
Cessinghope.     See  Sessinghope. 
Cestre,  Jollan  de,  104. 
Challoner,  Mr.,  153. 
Chambers      (del      Chaumbre),      Alice,      131,      132; 

Catherine,   132  ;   John,   131-132  ;    Isabel,   132. 
Chambord,  Comte  de,  representative  of  the  house  of 

Baliol,  73. 
Chantries  in  Bywell  St.  Peter,  109-110,  162;  at  Brans- 

peth,  270  ;  at  Morpeth,  239. 
Charlton  (de  Cherleton),  Elizabeth,    173  ;   Robert,  20  ; 

William,  131,  187,  254. 
Charmburn,  159. 
Chartres,  Adam  de,  45. 
Chatt,  John,  361  ;   Margaret,  362. 
Cheeseburn  Grange  (Cheshurch)  subsidy  roll,  137. 
Cheleys.     See  Shield. 
Chesebroughe,  Stephen,  325. 
Chesters  (Chestres,  Sheysters),  83. 
Chicken,  Cuthbert,  267  ;  John,  267  ;   Robert,  273. 
Child,  Richard,  204. 

Chirden  (Shirden),  John,  171  ;  Thom  is,  171. 
Chirisi,  Peter  de,  203. 
Chopwell  royalty,  214,  218. 
Christian,  Elizabeth,  237  ;  James,  237. 
Clarewood,  9,  133,  134. 
Clargill,  289,  364. 
Clarksmoss,  363. 
Clavering,    Ann,     102,     211,    258;     Catherine,    217; 

George,  219  ;  John,  231,  347  ;  Sir  Henry,  219,  347  ; 

Ralph,  211  ;  Sir  Thomas,  219,  220;  William  (Sir 

William),  217,  219. 
Clavering,  of  Axwell,  299. 


INDEX. 


Claxshall,  325. 

Claxlon,   Isabella,  Dame   Isabel,    192,   193,    197,   19S  ; 
Sir  Robert,  193  ;  William  (Sir  William),   14S,  149, 

19^.  >93.  '97,  198. 
Claxton  pedigree  and  arms,  193. 
Clement,  Francis,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  114,  153. 
Clementson,  Grace,  293  ;  Barbara,  297. 
Clennel,  Percival,  loi. 
Clerk  (Gierke),  Thomas,   125  ;  William,   sub-prior  of 

Blanchland,  323. 
Cleugh,  363. 

Cleveley  (  ?  Shilden)  moor,  256. 

Close,  Richard,  curate  of  Slaley,  361,  382  ;    Mary,  362. 
Clough   (Cloughe,   Clugh),   Janet,   95  ;    Thomas,   93, 

94,  95' 
Cockin,  W.,  clerk,  363. 
Cocklake  (Cokslake),  356,  357,  363. 
Coghill,  Oliver,  364. 
Coldcotes  (Caldecotes),   Roger  de,  23S  ;    Matilda  de, 

23S. 
Coldingham,  Richard  de,  104. 
Coldstrother  (Caldestrother),  Gilbert  de,  225,  255. 
Colebrook,  Emily,  100, 

Colinham  (?  Coldingham),  Richard  de,  314. 
Colle,  Jarrat,  1 19,  138. 

Coliingwood,  Edward,  101  ;   Rowland,  121. 
CoUinson,   Henry,   will  of,   135;    John,   135;    Joseph, 

137  ;  William,  102,  135,  137. 
CoUinson,  of  Newton  and  Aydon  castle,  pedigree,  136  ; 

monumental  inscription,  iii. 
Colpitis    (Coalpitts,    Colepyttes,    Colpottes),    83,    231, 

348,  359,  362,  363  ;   account  of,  375  ;    Robert  de, 

a   novice  at   Blanchland,   323  ;    Stephen  de,   351  ; 

Waldeve  de,  366  ;  Walter  de,  367  ;  William  de,  349. 
Colstayne,  Nicholas,  147  ;  Robert,  147. 
Colston  almshouses,  368. 
Colvill,  Thomas  de,  74. 
Combhills.  231,  359,  363. 
Common    Crook    (Common    Clinke,    Common    Crike, 

etc.),  85,  282,  283. 
Commons  :    Acts   of  enclosure,   awards,   etc.,   Shildon 

moor,    loi  ;    Broomley    common,    154;     Apperley 

common,  166,  206  ;  Bolbec  common,  230  ;   Fairley- 

may  common,  206  ;  Slaley  moors  (Bolbec  common), 

359- 
Comyn  (Cuming,    Cumyn,   etc.),   Andrew,   284,    291  ; 

Edward,   282,  284,  291  ;    George,    2S1,   282,    291  ; 

Lewis,  282,  284  ;  Rowland,  354,  355  ;  — ,  357. 
Conyers,  Elizabeth,    193  ;    John,   193,  208  ;    Richard, 

193  ;  Roliert,  20S. 


Cook,  Ann,  monumental  inscription,  380  ;  Anthony, 
of  Wooley,  368,  380  ;  Cicely,  380  ;  Edward,  vicar 
of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  114;  Elizabeth,  380;  Jane, 
380;  John,  214;  Margaret,  380;  William,  367; 
William,  of  Wcoley,  monumental  inscription,  3S0. 

Cookson,  Isaac,  341. 

Corbet,   Margery,  23.^;    Nicholas,   130,  224,  225,  226, 

»34- 

Corbridge    (Corbrngge,    Colebrug),    Adam   de,    367 ; 

Allan   de,   367  ;   John  de,   89,   191  ;   Juel  de,   122  ; 

Richard  de,  90  ;  Robert  de,  89. 
Corbridge  bridge,  89. 
Corbridge  church,  116. 
Corf-rods,  meaning  of,  302. 
Cornerfield,  363. 
Cornish,  John  Robert,  364. 
Corwelle,  Richard  de,  185. 
Cosnahan,  Anne,  237  ;  Joseph,  237. 
Cote-garth,  353. 
Cotesworth,  Edward,  258. 
Cotum,  Ralph  de,  207. 
Coulson    (Coustone,    Cowleson,   Coleston),    Anthony, 

126  ;   Elizabeth,  141  ;  George,  102,  252  ;    Matthew, 

126  ;  Thomas,  141  ;    William,  143. 
Couyngtre,  Robert  de,  189. 
Cowbyers  (Cowbiers,   etc.),   83,   323,    325,    328,    365  ; 

hearth  tax  roll,  329. 
Cowhole  (Cowehole),  282,  283. 
Cowper    (Cooper,    Coupper,    Couper),  George,    200, 

201  ;   John,    194,    198,  200,  201,  248  ;   Ralph,   194, 

248  ;  Stephen,  352  ;    William,  91,  194,  195,  352. 
Cowper-haugh  (Cowper-hagh),  324. 
Coxon,  John,  134. 
Craghild,  John,  135. 
Cram,  G.  W.,  142. 
Cramlington,  238,  300, 
Crane,  William,  378. 
Crawcrook  (Craucrok,   Crawcrokes),   Emma  de,   207  ; 

Robert  de,  188. 
Crawden,  Philip  de,  225. 

Crawford,  George,  schoolmaster  at  the  Lee,  272. 
Crawhall,  Isaac,  288  ;    T.  E.,  minister  of  Newton-hall, 

129. 
Cresswell,  services  to  the  castle  of  Bywell,  85. 
Cresswell,  Barbara,   127,  382  ;  John,  127  ;  John  de,  a 

retainer  of  the  prince  of  Acquitaine  in  the  castle  of 

Bordeaux,  378  ;   Robert  de,  186. 
Crewe,  Lord,  234,  329,  330  ;   his  portrait,  233  ;    Lady, 

234,  329  ;  her  portrait,  233. 
Crewe  Trustees,  approprietors  of  Shotley  chapel,  305. 


Vol.  VI. 


50 


5Q4 


INDEX. 


Crompton,  Thom;is,  232. 

Cromwell  letters  in  tlie  possession  of  Jonathan 
Ormston,  175. 

Cronkley  (Crombeclyve,  etc.),  83,  207,  208,  209,  210, 
212,  231,  285  ;    account  of,  207-209. 

Crooke-fell,  356. 

Crooked-oak  (Croked-oak,  Crooked-gate,  Crokayke, 
Cruked-oak,  etc.),  S3,  231,  264,  282,  283,  284, 
300-301,  302. 

Crosseley,  John,  canon  of  Blanchland,  323. 

Crown  grants  of  monastic  and  confiscated  lands, 
Bywell,  71,  74,  75,  87,  94,  96  ;  Bywell  mills  and 
fishery,  86,  87,  96;  Bywell  chantry  lands,  no,  162, 
195;  Bywell  St.  Peter  rectory,  112;  Acomb,  121  ; 
Newton-hall,  Felton,  Gosforth,  and  other  Lisle 
estates,  125  ;  Newton-hall,  126,  128;  Newton,  134; 
Stelling  and  Kearsley,  139;  Broomley,  152; 
Ridley,  156,  157  ;  Merryshields  tithes,  162  ;  Healy, 
170;  Newlands,  195  ;  Radcliffe  estates,  196  ;  Farle, 
198;  VVhittonstall,  200;  Fotherley,  205  ;  Minster- 
acres,  213;  Winnoshill,  219  ;  Styford,  232;  Bywell 
St.  Andrew  rectory,  241,  242,  243  ;  Bearle,  252  ; 
Stocksfield  hall,  256  ;  bailiwicks  of  Ovington  and 
Prudhoe,  259  ;  Broomhaugh,  265,  266,  272  ; 
Riding,  265,  270,  271,  272  ;  Lee,  265,  270,  271, 
272 ;  Brancepeth  chantry  lands,  270 ;  Bolbec 
barony,  229,  272,  284  {see  addenda  et  corrigenda)  ; 
Shotley,  284 ;  Black  Hedley,  295  ;  Sbotley  chapel, 
305  ;  Blanchland,  324  ;  [Blanchland  lead  mines, 
340];  Newbiggin,  etc.,  344;  Slaley,  357,  358; 
Shield-hall,  368  ;  Marlecoatwalls,  376  ;  Todburn 
Steel,  376  ;  Merchenley,  378  ;  Slaley  chapel,  383  ; 
Emiey,  346,  347  ;  Apperly,  346,  347  ;  West  Hed- 
don,  346. 

C'udene,  Hugh  de,  180. 

Cumin,    William,    intruder    bishop    of    Durham,    22, 

Cunard,  Sir  Samuel,  288. 

Cuthbert  (Cudbart),  John,  281,  356  ;  Thomas,  355, 
356  ;  William,  356,  358. 

D. 

Dale,  Broderick,  162. 

Dalston,  William,  minister  of  Shotley,  231,  310. 

'  Dandle  Dinmont,'  prototype  of,  220. 

Daniel,  Francis  and  Frances,  of  Gloucester,  99. 

Darcy,  George,  270. 

D.irlington    (Derlington),   John    de,    vicar   of   Bywell 

St.  Andrew,  247.    See  addenda  et  corrigenda. 
Darraunt,  William,  a  nief,  193. 


Darrayns  (de  Areines,  etc.),  Bernard,  144,  177,  178, 
179,  180,  181,  182,  183,  199,  203  ;  Guy  (Wydo), 
52,  109,  no,  131,  144,  159,  177,  178,  179,  180,  182, 
183,  184,  186,  187,  188,  189,  190  ;  Josceline,  159  ; 
Isabella  (Ysabela),  181  ;  Isolda,  131,  187,  188,  189; 
Hugh,  159,  187;  Milo,  181,  183,  184;  Robert, 
187,  189,208;  Roger,  52,  no,  184,  185,  188,  1S9, 
190  ;    Warnerius,   177. 

Darrayns  pedigree,  1S7. 

Darrayns  arms,  177,  187. 

Daudri,  Roger,  104. 

Davidson  (Davison),  Ann,  252  ;  Anthony,  133  ; 
Christopher,  93,  95,  125  ;  Cuthbert,  120,  121,  134  ; 
Dorothy,  115  ;  Edmund,  92  ;  Edward,  95  ;  George, 
231,  360,  376;  John,  93,  95,  125,  166;  Matthew, 
92;  Richard,  120,  121,  329;  Thomas,  120,  121  •, 
William,  134,  138. 

Davidson  and  Carr,  proprietors  of  Marley  Coat  Walls, 
376. 

Davidson,  John,  a  prototype  of '  Dandie  Dinmont,'  220. 

Davis,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  etc.,  113,  165  ; 
Maud,  98. 

Davy  (Davie),  Katherine,  257  ;  Thomas,  168. 

Dawson,  Anthony,  133;  George,  85,  92  ;  Joan,  133; 
Matthew,  133  ;  Robert,  133  ;  Thomas,  173  ; 
William,  92,  119.     .5>^  Davidson. 

Dayhon  (?),  Robert,  92. 

Dayll,  Walter,  147. 

Deacon,  Isabel,  235  ;  William,  235. 

Deadman  letch,  190,  195. 

Deckham-house,  345. 

Dede  Frere,  324,  325. 

Deer  in  Bywell  forest,  83,  86,  229. 

De  la  Ley,  Sir  Philip,  351. 

Delaval  (de  la  Val),  Alice,  371  ;  Eustace,  186  ; 
Gilbert,  104,  179,  180,315  ;  Hugh  (Sir  Hugh),  130, 
224,  226,  227,  251,  350,  370;  Henry  (Sir  Henry), 
186,  225,  370,  371  ;  Jane,  115  ;  Joan,  370,  371  ; 
Maud,  130,  370  ;  Ralph,  115  ;  Robert  (Sir  Robert), 
315,  366. 

Denton  Gap,  213. 

Derwent-crook,  345. 

Derwentwater,  Edward,  earl  of,  126.     See  Radcliffe. 

Dewson,  Ralph  de,  146. 

Dicigt',  Nigel  de,  180. 

Dickenson,  George  T.,  of  Wheelbirks,  161. 

Dinning  (Dennyng,  Dynnyng,  Denon,  Dinon,  etc.), 
Christopher,  281,  343,  344  ;  Elizabeth,  329  ;  John, 
195,  281,  344;  Thomas,  344,  354;  William,  281, 
3^S,  3^9.  344- 


INDEX. 


395 


Dilston    (Divelston),   Robert   de,    183  ;    Thomas   (Sir 

Thomas),  316,  350. 
Dipton  foot  and  Diptoii  burn,  363,  378. 
Dissington,  Simon  de,  186. 
Ditchfield  and  others,  crown  grantees  in  the  barony  of 

Bolbec,  229  ;  in  Shilford,  266  ;    in  Ridley  and  Lee, 

272  ;  in  Shotley,  284. 
Dittonsall,  Richard  de,  90. 
Dixon,  Abraham,  346;    George,  clerl<,  361  ;    Hannah, 

361;   Jane,   380;    John,  273,  380;  Michael,    358; 

T,,  curate  of  Slaley,  310  ;  W.,  363. 
Dobinson,  John,  353. 
Dobson,  George,  120,  121  ;    Isabel,    269  ;    John,   120, 

269  ;  William,  121. 
Dobson  of  Harlow-hill,  290. 
Dockendale,  363. 
Dodd   (Dods,    Dodds),    Anthony,    115,    2S1  ;  George, 

328  ;      Nicholas,     355,    356  ;     John,      147,    273  ; 

Rowland,  282  ;  Robert,  286,  William,  345. 
Doddington,  225,  226. 
Doome,  Margaret,  93. 
Dotland,  171,  345. 
Douglas,   John,   135  ;    Lord  William,  a  leader   in  the 

Scottish  invasion  of  1327,  318. 
Doura,  Herebert  de,  23. 
Douthwaite,  John,  194. 
Down  (Doon),  George,  92  ;  John,  353. 
Dreng,  Adam,  185. 
Drififield  manor,  43,  44,  53,  54. 
Drinkwater,  Mary  Lilliat,  236  ;   Richard,  236. 
Drummond,  John,  298. 
Drumwell,  John,  157. 
Dryden,      Jonathan,     158;      Peter,    247,     252,    265  ; 

William,  158. 
Dukesfield,  account  of,  370-373  ;    subsidy  roll  of  1296, 

370  ;  owned  successively  by  the  Delavals, 
Whitchesters,  Widdringtons,  Swinburnes,  370-371  ; 
the  smelt  mill,  372  ;  sanative  well,  373  ;  Dukesfield- 
hall,    373;     incidental    mention,  83,   231,   348,  359, 

363- 
Dumares,  Ingram  de,  122. 
Duncins,  William,  221. 
Dundrennan,  Adam,  abbot  of,  46. 
Dunn,  A.  W.,  212;    Ann,  215;    George,  217;    John, 

371  ;  John  C,  clerk,  minister  of  Blanchland,  338, 
363  ;  Joseph,  215,  215,  217,  266  ;  Margaret,  95  ; 
Mathias,  212;  Mary,  215;  William,  216  ;  vicar  of 
Bywell  St.  Andrew,  248. 

Dunriding  assart,  203. 


Durham,  Flambard,  bishop  of,  21  ;    Bek,  bishop  of,  45, 

55,   58,  61,   62,   63,  65  ;    William  de  St.   Barbara, 

bishop  of,    21  ;     Kirkham,  bishop   of,  45,  ;    Poore, 

bishop  of,  41,  42,  45  ;   bishop  Pudsey,  41,  104,  314  ; 

Farnham,  bishop  of,  42, 
Durham,  Aimeric,  archdeacon  of,  32,  38,  104  ;  William, 

archdeacon  of,  42,  314. 
Durham,    Germanus,    prior   of,    104,   314  ;    Hugh    de, 

Dernington,  prior  of,  no,  123  ;  John,  prior  of,  112  ; 

Lawrence,    prior    of,     21  ;    Ralph,   prior   of,    42  ; 

Richard  de  Hoton,  prior  of,  53. 
Durham  (Doram),  Hug  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew, 

247. 
Durham  castle,  34. 
Durham  school,  early  notice  of,  54. 
Durham-field  (Doromfield),  83,  231,  278,  282,  283,  2S4, 

298-299. 
Durick,  William,  travelling  dancing  master,  382. 
Dwarris,  B.  E,,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  114. 
Dyer,  Ann,  253. 

E. 

Eachwick    (Echewyk,    etc.),    131,  209,   225,  228,   324, 

325  ;  William  de,  155. 
Earle.     Set  Erie. 
Earsdon  (Ersdon),  Edward,  92. 
Eastcleugh,  356. 

Eastwood-house  and  mill,  152,  231,  360. 
Ebch'ester,  12,  157,  181,  359. 
Ecgberht,  bishop,  consecration  of,  14. 
Eddisbridge  (Eadysbridge,  Eddysbridge,  Ilydesbriges), 

214,  231,  278,  282,  283,  284,  299. 
Edenham  manor  in  Berwickshire,  75. 
Edlingham,  church  of,  30,  103,  104. 
Edmundbyers,  209,  210,  345. 
Edward    III.    at   Blanchland  and  at   Ilaydon   Bridge, 

317- 
Eges,  William  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  112. 
Eggescliffe    (Eggeslive,    etc.),    366  ;    Johanna,    366  ; 

William,  366. 
Eggleston     (Egleston,    Heglestun),   Alexander,    344  ; 

James,  grave  cover,  337  ;  Jo.,  329  ;  Matthew,  329  ; 

Peter  de,  194;   Richard,  147  ;  Robert,  344  ;  Roger 

de,  104,  203  ;  William,  grave  cover,  337. 
Eland,  Peter,  de,  189. 
Eldred   and    Whitmore,   crown    grantees    in    Newton, 

134;    in    Broomley,    152;     in     Ridley,     157;     in 

Hindley,    160  ;    in   Minsteracres,   213  ;    in    Riding 

and  Lea,  272  ;  in  Shield-hall,  369. 


396 


Index. 


Eleschawe,  250. 

HUingham  (?  Eltringham),  Hugh  de,  iqq. 

Ellington  cornage,  85,  87. 

Elliot  (EUett,  etc.),  ArchibalJ,  ^55  ;  Edward,  359  ; 
John,    251 ;  Thomas,  358. 

Ellison  (Eleson,  Elleson,  Elyson),  Alexander,  209, 
281  ;  George,  194;  John,  173,  194,  202,  210,  382, 
minister  of  Shotley,   310  ;    Ralph,   195  ;     Richard, 

3»8>  329- 

EIrington,  157. 

Elrington,  Agnes,  209,  210  ;  Catherine,  248  ;  Custance, 

210;  Christopher,  281  ;    Elizabeth,  210,  292,  308; 

George,  209,  210;    Isabella,  210,  212,  292;  Janet, 

209;     John,    209,    210,    211,    212,    281,    285,   308, 

310,   32S  ;    Marion,  209,  210;    Martin,   209,  210; 

Robert,   281,   will  of,   209;    Simon,  will   of,    209; 

Thomas,   83,   209,   281  ;    William,    118,  209,    210, 

292. 
Elrington  arms,  210  ;  notices  of  family,  209. 
Elswick,  341,  345. 
Eltisham  Ectred,  203. 
Eltringham  (Ertergam,  etc.),  Adam  de,  186  ;  Anthony, 

155,   156  ;  Hugh  (?)  de,  199  ;  Ralph,  153  ;  Robert 

de,  251  ;  Roger  de,  193  ;  William,  will  of,  162. 
Eltringham,  7,  83,  85,  259. 
EmI'leton  (Elmeden),  Margaret   de,  193  ;  William  de 

(Sir  William),  132,  193. 
Emley,  231,  284  ;  account  of,  346-347. 
Emmerson  (Emerson),  Eleanor,  291  ;    George,  curate 

of  Shotley,    310;   Jane,    3S2  ;    Thomas,   328,   329, 

crown  grantee  in  Slaley,  358. 
Englefield,  Charles,  216  ;  Henry,  216  ;  Henry  Charles, 

216  ;  Joseph,  216  ;  Lawrence,  216  ;   Louis,  216. 
Entick,  Clementina,  173. 
Erect',  John  de,  203. 
Erie  (Earle),  Robert,  91,  94  ;  Thomas,  94  ;    Nicholas, 

85- 
Errington,  Alice,    99  ;    Dorothy,    277  ;    Gerard,   273  ; 

Elizabeth,   147;   John,  147;   Thomas,  99,  194,  266, 

273,  276,  277  ;  William,  235. 

Errington  arms,  276. 

Errington  of  Riding-mill,  pedigree,  277. 

Erskine,  Col.  James,  2S6. 

Eshett,  Robert,  125. 

Esperley-sike,  348. 

Espershields  TOWNSHIP,  206-220 ;  area  and  census 
returns,  206  ;  a  member  of  the  Baliol  fee,  206  ; 
medieval  owners  and  tenants,  206-207  i  Cronkley 
subsidy  rolls,  207,  208  ;  Woderendles  subsidy  roll, 
208;  family  of  Elrington,  209-21 1  ;  Elrington  wills. 


209-210  ;  hearth  tax  roll,  210  ;  Elrington  arms,  210  ; 
family  of  Smith  of  Snowsgreen  and  Espershields, 
211  ;  Dr.  Smith,  monument  and  will,  211  ;  family 
of  Reed  of  Troughend,  212;  Minsteracres,  212- 
219;  will  of  Richard  Swinburne,  213  ;  Swinburne 
pedigree,  213;  Silvertop  pedigree,  215  ;  Silvertop 
wills,  217  ;  George  Silvertop,  218  ;  Winnoshill,  219  ; 
Quaker  buri:il  ground,  220  ;  incidental  notices, 
276. 

Espes  (Espas),  324,  325. 

Estuteville.     Ste  Stuteville. 

Eu,  Ralph  de  Exold',  Count  of,  31. 

Eure,  de,  Elizabeth,  193  ;  Hugh,  19,  46  ;  John,  226  ; 
Lord,  84;  Ralph,  193,  197  ;  Robert,  52. 

Ewardeslawe,  William  de,  370. 

Ewart  (Hewart),  John,  147 

Exeter.  John,  bishop  of,  103,  104. 


Fabian  of  Whittonstall,  185, 187  ;  Gilbert  Fabian,  185  ; 
Hugh  Fabian,  191  ;  Robert,  son  of  Fabian,  185. 

Fairbairn,  Henry,  152,  160;  Lancelot,  358  ;  Margaret, 
160. 

Fairhill,  191,  192. 

Fairhill,  Elias  de,  144,  159,  197  ;  Gilbert  de,  1S5,  1S6, 
197  ;  John  de,  197,  199;  Ralph  de,  159,  182,  1S3, 
1S5,  197. 

Fairlara  (Farelam),  Lewes,  358  ;  Richard,  358,  383  : 
Robert,  356  ;  Thomas,  358  ;  widow,  358. 

Kairley  (Fairle,  Farle),  83,  150,  151,  152,  190,  196; 
account  of,   197-198;  enclosure  of  common,  205. 

Fairley  (Fairle,  Farle),  Gilbert  de,  197. 

Fairley-may,  152,  154,  166,  198,  203,  105,  206  ; 
enclosure,  166. 

Fairware,  William,  145. 

Fane,  Sir  Henry,  120,  I2i. 

Farbridge  (Fairbeck,  Farbrick,  Fyrbek,  Farbeyk, 
Fayrbricke,  Ferebeck,  Farbricke,  Fircbryg,  Fair- 
bridge,  Fairebecke,  Forbeck),  Agnes,  24S  ;  Chris- 
topher, 150,  151,  152  ;  George,  198,  248,  265  ; 
Elizabeth,  198  ;  Jeffrey,  198,  248  ;  John,  85,  147, 
150,  151,  152,  231,  358,  359;  Joseph,  231,  359, 
365  ;  Leonard,  231,  359,  365  ;  Richard,  264,  358, 
3S1  ;  Robert,  147,  353;  Thomas,  147,  194; 
William,  265,  353  ;  widow,  35S. 

Farewell,  William,  of  Blanchland,  325,  326,  327  ; 
pedigree,  327. 

Farnacres  (Farnakirs),  William  de,  351. 

Farquharson,  William,  231,  292. 

Fawcett,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  248. 


INDEX. 


397 


Fawdle,  Henry,  92. 

Fawdon  (Faudune),  William  de,  180  ;   Robert  de,  146. 

Featherstone,  John,  of  Dukesfield-hall,  382. 

Featherstonhaugh  (de  Fetherston-hall),  Eleanor,  345  ; 
Geoffrey,  325  ;   Ralph,  345  ;  Thomas,  74. 

Feccheroos  (?  Fletcher's),  mine  in  Alston,  340. 

Felton,  52,  125. 

Felton,  Anthony,  86  ;  John  (Sir  John)  de,  294,  300  ; 
Robert  de,  191  ;  William  de,  90. 

Fencoles,  Thomas  de,  112. 

Fenham,  345. 

Fenwick,  222,  250. 

Fenwick,  Christopher,  100  ;  Edward,  100  :  Elizabeth, 
329;  James,  102;  John  (Sir  John),  96,  97,  134, 
n9,  146,  154.  165,  167,  242,  243,  248,  256,  329, 
381,  383,  384;  crown  lessee  of  Emley  and 
Apperley,  347  ;  John  Clerevaulx,  275  ;  Isabella.  96; 
Ludowick,  100;  Margaret,  96,  134;  Marmaduke, 
85,  239  ;  Nicholas,  301  ;  Ralph,  358  ;  Robert 
(Sir  Robert),  98,  100,  198,  249  ;  Roger,  96,  100, 
229,    239,    266,  273,  284;  William  (Sir  William), 

84,  87.  96.  97,  'oi,    'oi.  >^i,  134,    154,  23i>  ^35. 

236,  242,  248,  249,  260,  261,  360. 
Fenwick  estates,  division  of,  96. 
Fenwick,    of   Bywell,   pedigree,    98  ;   arms,  9S  ;    pipes 

tune,  97  ;  monumental  inscriptions,  246. 
Fenwick     of     Newcastle     and     Bywell,    monunienlal 

inscriptions,  246. 
Ferguson,  Christopher,  237. 
Ferligtone,  Simon  de,  104. 
Ferrers  and  Phillips,  crown   grantees  of  Bywell   mills, 

87  ;    of  Bywell,  96  ;    in  Broomley,  157  ;    of  Riding 

corn   mill,    271  ;  crown   lessees  of  Shieldhall,  368. 
Ferry-bridge,  362. 

Ferryman  (Frerreman),  Richard,  118. 
Fewell,  Christopher,  curate   of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 
Fewster  (Fewter,  P'euster),   Anthony,    168,   213,  249  ; 

Alice,    249;    Eleanor,    167;    George,     195,     249; 

Elizabeth,  196,  249  ;  Isabella,  168  ;  John,  92,  115  ; 

Roger,    167  ;     Susanna,    249  ;    Thomason,    213  ; 

William,  157. 
Fewster,  of  Ebchester,  290. 
Fiekarwham,  Clement,  248. 
Fieldhead,  231,  285. 
E'ifeland,  Walter,  221. 
Filber,  Robert,  145. 
Finchale,  Ralph,  prior  of,  42. 
Fitz-AIan,  Brian,  regent  of  Scotland,  57. 
Fitz-Henry,  John,  rector  of  Middleton  in  Teesdale,  52. 
Fitz-Piers,  Petronel,3o,  31  ;  Robert,  30,  31  ;  Geoffrey,  31. 


Fitz-Reginald,  William,  315. 

Fitz-Robert,  John,   ig,  39,  42. 

Fitz-Roger,  Robert,  315. 

Fitz-William,  Ralph,  2S0. 

Fleming,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell,  114,  248;  Richard, 
vicar  of  Bywell,  1 14,  247. 

Fletcher,  Frederick,.  136. 

Flood,  the  Great,  devastation  of  Bywell,  249, 

Flothers,  363,  384. 

Fogget,  345. 

Fontibus,  de,  Guy,  38,  144,  254  ;  Henry,  254  ;  Robert, 
254;  Walter,  38,  42. 

Forster  (Forester,  Forister,  Foster),  Alexander,  204, 
269,  270,  271,  272  ;  Anthony,  93,  95,  362  ;  A.  J.,  of 
Hindley,  160;  Claudius  (Sir  Claudius),  233,  305, 
32S,  357  ;  Cuthbert,  271,  Dorothy,  portrait,  233  ; 
David,  358  ;  Ferdinando,  233,  234,  329,  portrait, 
233  ;  Francis,  345  ;  Elizabeth  (Lady  Elizabeth),  233, 
285,  328,  344,  345,  her  inventory,  329  ;  George,  367, 
382  ;  Henry,  86,  94,  247,  271,  272,  273  ;  Isabel, 
92  ;  Jane,  344  ;  John  (Sir  John),  81,  82,  84,  86,  87, 
9i>  94,  95,  219,  232,  233,  247,  269,  273,  297, 
3^6,  353,  354,  356,  35^,  3^6,  3S3  ;  vicar  of 
Bywell  St.  Peter,  113  ;  curate  of  Shotley,  310; 
Lionel,  92  ;  Margaret,  234,  235,  253,  269,  270, 
272;  Matthew,  93,  94,  95,  120,253,266,273  ;  Mary, 
233  ;  Nicholas,  232,  327,  328,  344  ;  Peter,  96  ; 
Robert,  195  ;  Thomas,  92,  102,  230,  234,  235, 
249,  269,  270,  329,  345,  portrait,  233  ;  Thomas 
Emmerson,  382  ;  William  (Sir  William),  85,  94, 
961  I53i  233,  234,  269,  329,  341,  345;  William 
Westgarth,  382. 

Fortibus,  de,  .Avelina,  224  ;   Christiana,   53;    William, 

53- 

Foster  (query  Fewster),  of  Apperley,  monumental 
inscription,  201. 

F'otherley  (Faderley,  Fawderlye,  etc.)  TOWNSHIP, 
202-206  ;  area  and  census  return,  202  ;  earliest 
notice  of,  202  ;  Backworth,  identification  of, 
203-204;  early  charters,  203  ;  subsidy  rolls,  204; 
muster  roll,  204 ;  Surtees  and  Newton  wills, 
204-205  ;  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  century 
owners,  205  ;  Fairly-may  common,  206  ;  inci- 
dental notices,  83,  85,  117,  150,  151,  152,  154, 
171,  322. 

F'otherley  (Falderley,  Foderley,  Fortherley),  Henry, 
91  ;  Richard,  183  ;  Thomas,  93,  95,  271  ;  Walter 
de,  204  ;  William  de,  144,  145. 

Foule-well,  353. 

Franceys,  Roger,  279. 


398 


INDEX. 


Fr;inkeville  (Fraunkeville),  de,   Colin,  40  ;    Nicholas, 

1S6. 
Freburn,  Roger,  104. 
Frend,  William.  344. 
Krere,  William,  350,  351. 
Frisell,  Thomas,  266. 
Froissarl's  account  of  the  Scots  at  B)well,  75  ;  and  of 

Edward  III.  being  at  lilanchland,  317-320. 
Frosterley,  324. 
Fulbrig.  254. 
Fulthorp,  Sir  William  de,  iqi. 

G. 

Gainford,  18,  19,  20,  23,  27,  28,  3S,  41,  42,  51,  52,  63. 

Gainford,  Bernard,  parson  of,  104. 

Galeway,  de,  John,  191  ;  Thomas,  xgi. 

Galley,  Anne,  215. 

Garden-house,  363. 

Gargrave  and  Adams,  crown  grantees  of  Merryshields 
tithes,  162  ;  of    Shotley  chapel,  305. 

Garth,  Joseph,  236;  Sarah,  236. 

Gates,  John,  92. 

Genealogies  :  Baliol,  72  ;  N'evill,  78  ;  Fenwick  of 
Bywell,  98  ;  Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  127  ;  del 
Chaumbre,  132  ;  Collinson  of  Aydon  Castle  and 
Newton,  136  ;  Hinde  of  Stelling  and  Ovington, 
141  ;  Lewen  of  Newcastle  and  Broomley,  148  ; 
Newton  of  Broomley,  153  ;  Boutflower  of  Apperlcj', 
167  ;  Sanderson  of  Healy,  173  ;  Orraston  of 
Newcastle  and  Healy,  175  ;  Darrayns  of  Whitton- 
stall  and  Callerton,  187;  Menevill  of  Whittonstall 
and  Horden,  192  ;  Claxton  of  Claxton,  Horden, 
and  Dilston,  193  ;  Swinburne  of  Minsteracres,  213  ; 
Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  215;  Englefield  (now 
Silvertop)  of  Minsteracres,  216  ;  Bolbec,  224  ; 
Bacon  (Bacon-Grey)  of  Staward  and  Styford, 
235  ;  Bacon  of  Isle  of  Man,  237 ;  Lawson  of 
Bywell,  239  ;  Newton  of  Stocksfield,  257  ;  Surtees 
of  Stocksfield,  260;  \'arey  and  Allgood  of  Riding, 
274 ;  Bainbridge  of  Slaley  and  Riding,  274 : 
Hunter  of  Dukesfield,  Hexham,  and  Riding,  275  ; 
Errington  of  Riding-Mill,  277  ;  Andrews  of  Shotley 
and  Durham,  286  ;  Wilson  of  Shotley  and  Riding- 
Mill,  287  ;  Hopper  of  Black-Hedley,  296  ;  Fare- 
well and  Radcliffe  of  Blanchland  Abbey,  327  ; 
Teasdale  of  Slaley,  360,  361,  363  ;  Teasdale  of 
Steel-hall,  374  ;  Mowbray  of  Slaley  and  Mortimer, 
364. 

Genovre  (Gounure),  Aliaoor  de,  19,  52,  73, 187,  190. 

Geoffrey,  the  Norman,  262. 


German  door-head  inscriptions  at  Shotley  bridge,  303. 

Gibb,  Henry,  359. 

Gibbons,  George,  158. 

Gibson,  George,   217,   260,    261;    James,   215,   217; 

John,     clerk,      minister      of      Blanchland,     338  ; 

Reginald,  166,  168  ;  Thomas,  230  ;  William,  252. 
Gifford,  Hugh,  122;   Richard,  122  ;  Walter,  122. 
Gilbert,  chaplain  of  Slaley,  381. 
Gile,  Patric  del,  37. 

Giles,  Henry,  359  ;  William,  231,  359,  360. 
Gills-haugh,  301. 
Gingleshaugh  (Genelshawghe),  83,    231,    284,     346; 

account  of,  347. 
Glanville,  Ralph  de,  28,  29. 
Glaswriste,  Walter  le,  191. 
Goddard,  Christophine,  100  ;  G.  S.,  100. 
Godehale,  John,  74. 
Goldsbrough,  Mary,  175. 
Goodchild,  John,  364. 
Gosbec,  Richard  de,  225. 
Gosforth,  125,  345. 
Graham,  Elizabeth,  98  ;    Henry  de,  a   benefactor   of 

Blanchland,   315  ;    Margaret,  98  ;    Reginald,    171  ; 

Sir    Richard,     98 ;     Thomas,    M.D.,     289,     364  ; 

William,     minister    of  Slaley,  381, 
Graunsard,  Robert  de,  203. 

Gray-mare  (Grey-mere),  190,  195.      See  under  Shotley. 
Green,  Edward,  95  ;  George,  127,  128,  153,  231,  359  ; 

James,  curate  at  Shotley,  310  ;   John,  249  ;    Ralph, 

198  ;    Susanna,  236  ;    T.,   363  ;   William,  236,  323, 

Green  (del  Gren),  John,  155. 

Greenhead  (the  birthplace  of  Lough  the  sculptor),  249, 

297. 
Greenwell,  Anne,   160;    Anthony,  355  ;   Michael,  115; 

Robert,  115  ;  Thomas,  285  ;  William,  160. 
Greenwich  Hospital  Commissioners,  102,  128,  230,  231, 

360. 
'  Greme-heugh,' 252. 
Greslay,  Thomas  de,  47  ;  Robert  de,  47. 
Grey  (Gray,  Grai),  Dorothy,  236;  Marmaduke,  236  ; 

Maud,    206;     Robert,    222,    250;     Robert,    D.D., 

bishop  of  Bristol,  364.     See  Bacon-Grey. 
Greystoke,  de,  Joan,   131  ;  John,  229;  Margery,  130  ; 

Ralph,   130,   131,    224,    226,    229,    262,    269,    342; 

Robert,  226  ;  William,  130,  131,  224,  225,  228,  263, 

316. 
Guest,  Henry,  32S. 
Guiry,  Mrs.  L.,  234,  237,  276. 
Gunnerton  (Gonerton),  85. 


INDEX. 


399 


Gunnerton  (Gunewareton),  Peter  de,  144,  182  ;    Rcilph 

de,  104,  122,  144,  179,  203. 
Gurley,  George  M.,  clerk,  minister  of  BlaiuhlanJ,  33S. 
Gurnaco,  Hugh  de,  33. 
Gyll,  Thomas,  loi. 
Gynour,  Robert,  119. 

H. 

Hackvvorth,  367. 

Haddry-burn,  328. 

Hagg,  Robert  del,  191. 

Haggerston,  Sir  Thomas,  216. 

Hagget  and  Ward's  survey  of  Bywell  and  Bolbec,  85. 

Hagthorp,  John,   148,  149. 

Haia,  Richard  de,  constable  of  Normandy,  312. 

Haidley,  William,  126. 

Haliwell,  Simon  de,  204. 

Hall,    Andrew,    vicar    of    Bywell    St.    Andrew,    248, 

minister  of  Slaley,  381,  383. 
Hall,  Anthony,  209  ;   Catherine,  98  ;    Christopher,  98  ; 

his     arms     and    monumental     inscription,     246  ; 

Edward,   120,    134;     George,   120;    John,   85,  209, 

282,  283,  288,  297  ;    Michael,  288  ;    Robert,    121  ; 

Thomas,  102,  134  ;  William,  120,  281  ;   Mr.,  96. 
Hall  and  Homberston's  survey  of  Bywell  and  Bulbec, 

82. 
Halles,  John  del,  74. 
Halsey    and     Morgan,    crown    grantees     of    lands     in 

Stelling,  Kearsley,  etc.,  139. 
Halte,  Richard,  351. 
Halton,  133,  134. 
Halton  Shields,  127,  133. 
Halton  (de  Haulton),  John  (Sir  John),  164,  189,  367  ; 

Sir  William,  186. 
Hammer-mill,  278. 
Hammond,  Charles,  211. 
Handyside,  Colonel  Thomas,  311. 
Hannay,  Edmund,  127. 
Hans,  Eustace  des,  183. 
Hanson,  Henry,  353. 
Hardcastle,  Philip,  253. 
Hardwick,  Thomas,  345. 
Harewode,  314,  315. 
Harle  (de  Herle),  Gilbert,  238  ;   Mariota,  238  ;   Robert 

(Sir  Robert),  131,  227,  228,  263,  316,  321,  352,  378, 

grant   the  church   of   Bolam   to   Blanchland,   321  ; 

Serlo,  184;    Thomas,  141  ;     Ursula,  141  ;    William 

(Sir  William),  227,  263    316,  321. 
Harle.     See  Kirkharle. 
Harle  mill,  222. 


Harnham  cornage,  85. 

Harper  (Harpour),  Peter,  165,  350. 

Harris  and  iVIorgan  crown  grantees  in  Newlands,  195. 

Harrison  (Henryson,  Herrison,  Herryson),  Anthony, 
168  ;  Christopher.  204  ;  George,  134,  271  ;  Henry, 
102;  Isabella,  133;  John,  85,  133;  Margaret, 
364;  Richard,  83,  133,  252;  Robert,  minister  of 
Blanchland,  338,  339,  340;  Thomas,  133,  157; 
William,  95,  curate  of  Slaley,  382. 

Harrison  of  Friarside,  290. 

Hartburn,  rectory  of,  170,  171. 

Hartburn  (de  Herteburne),  Roger,  archdeacon  of 
Northumberland,  no. 

Hartis,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  114. 

Hartlepool  (Hertilpole),  John  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 
Andrew,  247.     See  addenda  et  corrigenda. 

Hassell,  George,  236. 

Hassocks,  165,  167. 

Hastings  (de  Hastings),  John,  a  candidate  for  the 
Scottish  crown,  54,  55,  59  ;  Margaret,  228,  263  ; 
Ralph  (Sir  Ralph),  228,  263,  280,  371. 

Haswell,  Elizabeth,  298  ;  Francis,  231,  291  ;  Hannah, 
298;  Ralph,  298  ;  Thomas,  292,  298  ;  William,  291. 

Hatton,  Sir  Christopher,  crown  grantee  of  Slaley 
tithes,  383. 

Haughcleugh,  2S4,  288. 

Haugh-house,  282. 

Haugh-head,  288. 

Haughton  (Halghton),  Gilbert  de,  74  ;  receiver  of  the 
king's  victuals  at  Newcastle,  321. 

Haukyn,  Thomas,  191. 

Hawick  (Hauwik),  Hugh  de,  155  ;  Walter  de,  146. 

Hawkup,  273,  274. 

Hawkwell  (Haucwelle,  etc.),  124,  125,  222,  250. 

Hawthorn,  146. 

Haydon  chapel,  248. 

Haydon-bridge,  209,  248  ;  Edward  III.  at,  317. 

Hay  ford,  Dennis,  301. 

Hayning,  William,  124. 

Haytley,  James,  minister  of  Shotley,  309. 

Hazelwood,  Dickens,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  1 14. 

Hazon  (Haysand),  Hugh  de,  208. 

Healey  (Helley),  otherwise  Temple  Healey,  town- 
ship, 169-176  ;  area  and  census  returns,  169  ;  a 
possession  of  the  Knights  Templars,  169  ;  profits 
of  timber,  169  ;  a  possession  of  the  Knights 
Hospitallers,  170;  muster  roll,  170;  granted  to 
Widdrington  and  Musgrave,  170  ;  occupied  by  Sir 
Cuthbert  Radcliffe,  170  ;  John  Widdrington's  will 
and  inventory,  170-171  ;  'particular'  of  the  estate  of 


400 


INDEX. 


John  Sanderson,  i-i  ;  Wm.  Sanderson's  inventory, 
172;  history  of  Sanderson  family,  171-174; 
pedigree  of  Sanderson,  173;  evidences,  174;  cut  of 
Healy  in  1819,  174;  pedigree  of  Ormston  of 
Newcastle  and  Ilealy,  175  ;  Cromwell's  letters, 
Healy  church  and  ecclesiastical  district,  176; 
incidental  notices,  85,  85,   146,  150,   151,   152,  154, 

55S,  367. 

Healey-chesters,  }o,  377. 

Healey  moor,  117,  322  ;  tithe  suit,  117. 

Healey  water  mill,  265. 

Healey-wood-house,  152.     See  Highley-wood. 

Healey  (Helly,  Helsie),  Gilbert  de,  vicar  of  Bywell 
St.  Peter,  112,  113,  185,  204;  Hugh  de,  203  ; 
Richard  de,  144,  159  ;   Thomas  de,  204. 

Heath,  John,  229,  242,  266,  273,  284,  289,  290. 

Heathcote,  Gilbert,  216. 

Hebburn,  Gvvychard  de,  187. 

Hectun,  Henry  de,  46. 

Heddon  Law  (Heddewyne-laws,  etc.),  208. 

Heddon  on  the  Wall,  and  Heddon,  East  and  West 
(Hydewin,  Hidewin,  etc.),  109,  131,  159,  164,  1S7, 
208,  222,  225,  226,  227,  228,  250,  263,  324  ;  church 
granted  to  Blanchland,  315  ;  lands  granted  to 
Blanchland,  320. 

Heddon  (de  Hydewin,  Heddeyn,  Hedewyne, 
Hedun),  .^gnes,  208  ;  John,  189  ;  Jordan,  27  ; 
Nicholas,  104,  180,  182  ;  Orin,  250  ;  Richard,  104, 
203  ;  Roger,  346  ;  Robert  (Sir  Robert),  109,  144, 
164,  165,  203,  208,  225,  227,  279,  366  ;  William, 
208. 

Heding,  Walter  de,  23  ;  William  de,  203. 

Hedge-bote,  85. 

Hedley  (Heydley),  33.     See  Black-hedley. 

Hedley  (de  Hedley,  Hydelai,  de  Hedl'),  Adam,  27  ; 
Gilbert,  278;  John,  271;  Margaret,  287  ;  Simon, 
159,  182  ;  Thomas,  202,  287  ;  William,  135. 

Heglestun,  Roger  de,  104.     See  Eggleston. 

Hel',  Richard  de,  182. 

Helding,  Robert  de,  254. 

Helmesleye,  William  de,  352. 

Henderson,  Edward,  361;  Elizabeth,  253  ;  Mary,  361  ; 
Ralph,  293. 

Henkint',  Bernard,  prior  of,  254. 

Henrietta  Maria,  queen    of   Charles    I.,  her   jointure, 

"39. 
Hepescote,  Alan,  264. 
Hepple  (Heppwell),  Christopher,  252  ;  George,  252  ; 

John,  137;  Tristram,  137. 
Herrington  (Heryngton),  Robert,  119,  13S, 


Heron  (Ilarun"),  91;  Cuthhert,  85,  139,  359,  369; 
Elizabeth,  369  ;  James,  353,  358,  359,  360,  369, 
370  ;  John,  139,  231,  266  ;  Sir  Jordan,  42  ;  Gawin, 
357'  3^3  '1  George,  369  ;  Gerard,  86  ;  Mary  Ann, 
369;  Thomas,  267,  355  ;  William,  83,  186,  214,  353, 

355,  357.  3«8- 
Herons  burn,  348. 
Hert,  Robert,  191. 
Heselwode,  314,  315, 
Hesilcurr,  Josceline  de,  122. 

Hesilden,  John  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  247. 
llesilhurst,  207. 
Hesilhurst,  Roger  de,  208. 
lleslerigg,  Lancelot,  of  Swarland,  14S,  149. 
Heslewell  (Haselwell,  etc.)  324,  325. 
Heslop,  John,  359,  376;    Richard,  minister  of  Slaley, 

382. 
Hestdib,  Walter  de,  26. 
Heugh,  in  Stamfordham,  90,  256. 
Hewardlawe,  William  de,  350. 
Hewes,  Humphry,  358. 

Hexham,  prior  of,  222,  250,  349,  351,  353,  35?,  373, 
Hexham  (Hecham,  Hectham),  Roger  de,  1S6,  188,  189. 
Hexham,  Protestant  Dissenters  in  Gilligate,  365. 
Hicks,  John,  clerk,  minister  of  Whittonstall,  202. 
High-clere,  363. 

Highley-wood,  83,  150,151.     iV<  Healey-wood-house. 
Hilton  (de  Hilton),  .\lice,  345  ;   Elizabeth,  193  ;  Henry, 

baron,  345  ;  Sir  William,  193. 
Hind  (Hinde,  Hyne,  Hynde,  etc),  George,  91,  143; 

Henry,    120,    121,    126,    139,    142,    251  ;    will    of, 

142,   143  ;    John,   143,    150,    151  ;     Lawrence,   92  ; 

Oswald,   102,   121,  142,   143  ;    will  of,  143  ;    Marv, 

249;     Ralph,  143;     Rowland,  119,  138  ;    Thomas, 

91,    119,    138,252;    William,  vicar  of   Bywell  St. 

Peter,  113;  William,   120,  139,  140,  142,  143,  251  ; 

will  of,  142. 
Hinde  of  Stelling  and  Ovington,  pedigree,  141  ;    wills 

and  evidences,  142  ;    monumental  inscriptions,  246, 

247- 
Hindley,  85  ;  account  of,   159-160  ;  muster  roll,   159; 

proprietors  in  1663,  160, 
Hindley  Steel,  155,  156,  160,  165. 
Hindley,  (de   Hindeleie,    Hydelae,   etc.),   Alden,  144, 

159,   187,   203;    Gilbert,   144,    159,   203;    Isabella 

(SibiUa),   159,   187  ;  John,   144,  145  ;  Ralph,  203  ; 

Robert,    104,    144,    183,    184,  203  ;    William    (Sir 

William),    159,   182,  183,  184,  185,  187,   199,  263. 
Hindmarsh  (Hynmers).    Roger,  252  ;    Thomas,  252  ; 

William,  214,  258. 


INDEX. 


401 


Hirst  (Hurst)  cornage,  85. 

Hitchin,  manor  of,  19,  20,  24,  26,  33,  40,  53. 

Hitchin  (Hiche),  Osbert,  26. 

Hodgson  (Hodson),  Frances,  97,  99,  134,  154.  "S^i 
166,  196,  260  ;  Dorothy,  173  ;  George,  296  ;  Jane, 
296  ;  John,  140,  143,  173,  341  ;  Margaret,  173,  174  ; 
Ralph,  163;  Richard,  S6,  S7,  143,  239;  Robert, 
239  ;  Sarah,  in,  143  ;  Septimus,  97,  99,  134,  154, 
158,  166,  196,  260  ;  Thomas,  140,  143  ;  William,  86, 

154,  i7i,  174,239- 

Hodgson  of  Elswick  and  Stelling,  monumental  in- 
scriptions, III. 

Hodgson-Hinde,  John,  in,  140,  143. 

Hodson.     See  Hodgson. 

Hogg,  Matthew,  353. 

Hogh,  Gerald  del,  164  ;   Peter,  164. 

Hoghton-croft,  353. 

Hokesty  (Hoxty,  Hokesli),  178,  179,  197,  203. 

Hole-house,  285. 

Hole-rawe  (Hole-raw),  85,  231,  264,  284,  298,  300,  301. 

Holis,  Philip  del,  279. 

Holland,  Robert  de,  191  ;   Sir  Thomas  de,  191. 

HoUelech,  353. 

Holliday,  Thomas,  monumental  inscription,  201. 

HollinhiU  (Hollyhill),  356,  363. 

Hollinside  (Holynsyde),  Adam  de,  191. 

Hollywell  (Halliwell,  Haliwel)  cornage,  85. 

HoUywell,  Simon  de,  204. 

Holme  Cultram  abbey  burnt,  34. 

Holme,  Matthew,  curate  of  Shotley,  310. 

Holystone  priory  lands  in  Nunriding,  324  ;  rectory,  174. 

Hopper,  Agnes,  282,  283  ;  Alexander,  285  ;  Ann,  296  ; 
Cuthbert,  231,  281,  283,  292,  293,  297,  298,  309  ; 
Dennis,  282,  283  ;  Edward,  300  ;  Eleanor,  194  ; 
Elizabeth,  marriage  suit,  309  ;  George,  296,  297  ; 
Humphrey,  282,  2S3,  284,  2S5,  294,  295,  296,  297, 
299,  305,  307,  30S  ;  James,  282,  283  ;  John,  201, 
230,  231,  283,  285,  290,  291,  296,  297,  309,  310; 
Joseph,  231  ;  Joshua,  195  ;  Nicholas,  85,  281,  282, 
283,  295,  296,  297  ;  Percival,  281,  295,  296  ;  Roger, 
299,  300;  Thomas,  195,  282,  2S5,  290,  291,  292, 
29s,  296,  297,  298,  299,  311. 

Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  pedigree,  296  ;  arms,  296, 
308  ;  monument,  307  ;  monumental  inscriptions, 
201,  308  ;  Nicholas,  method  of  husbandry,  295  ; 
accidental  death  of,  296. 

Hopper,   Thomas,   of   Medomsley,  peculiar   death   of, 

299. 
Hopper  of  Shotley-field,  monumental  inscriptions,  308. 

Hopper  of  Summerfield,  monumental  inscription,  308. 


Hopwood,  Peter,  195. 

Hordon,  co.  Durham,  191,  192,  193. 

Hornsby,  George,  363  ;    Nicholas,  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 

Peter,  114. 
Horse-close  (Horslee-close),  143,  158,  174. 
Horsley  (de    Horsley,   Horsle),  Edward,  92,   93,   95  ; 

Elizabeth,    257  ;    George,    264,    265  ;    Henry,   96  ; 

Isabel,    93,    95  ;     John,    91,    102  ;    Richard,    146 ; 

Simon,  92  ;  William,  248,  264,  265. 
Horsley,  rev.  John,  parentage  of,  258. 
Hospitallers.     See  Knights  Hospitallers. 
Hough,  Thomas  del,  280. 
Houghton   (Hoton),    Adam  de,    146;    John    de,    191  ; 

Nicholas  de,  grantor  of  lands  to  Blanchland,  320. 
Hovedone,  William  de,  104,  314. 
Housagre,  Thomas,  a  squire,  317. 
House-bote,  hedge-bote,  etc.,  300,  301. 
Hudd,  George,  357. 

Hudson,  Thomas,  minister  of  Blanchland,  231,  338,360. 
Hudspeth,   Christopher,  264,  265,   266,  273  ;  Thomas, 

264,  265  ;  William,  151,  152. 
Hugall,  Catherine,  257. 
Hugh,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  no,  112. 
Hughes,  Thomas,  of  Tynemouth,  370. 
Humble,  Anthony,  102,  166;   Isabella,  365  ;  Margaret, 

201  ;  Thomas,  166,  201. 
Hume    (Howm,    Howme,    Hewme),    Alexander,    92 ; 

Edward,   92,   95  ;    George,   94,   95  ;    John,  92,  95  ; 

Philip,  92  ;   Robert,  92,  93,  95  ;  William,  93,  94,  95. 
Hunstanworth,  345,  346. 
Hunt,  John,  92. 
Hunter,  Alice,  128  ;  Anne,  127, 134,  352,  382  ;  Anthony, 

126;   Christopher,  210,   211,  291,  293,  306;  notice 

of,  292  ;   his  epitaph,  308  ;  Cuthbert,  157  ;  Francis, 

minister  of   Shotley,  309  ;   Elizabeth,  128,  211,  292, 

296;    Isaac,   375;    Isabella,    153;    John,   126,  128, 

134,    135,   153,  230,   231,   284,  285,  289,   291,   292, 

293,    298  ;    Margaret,    273  ;    Mary,    142,    285  ;    Sir 

Martin,  127  ;   Richard,  353  ;   Robert,  13s,  210,  252  ; 

Thomas,  135,  153,  211,  274,  291,  292,  293  ;  William, 

92,  102,  126,  127,  128,  252,  273,  274. 
Hunter,  of  Medomsley,  origin   for   family,  181  ;    seal  of 

William  the  hunter  of  Medomsley,  182. 
Hunter  of  Dukesfield  and  Hexham,  pedigree,  275. 
Hunter  of  Birkenside,  monumental  inscription,  308. 
Hunter  of  Black  Hedley,  rhyming  epitaph,  309. 
Hunter-hill,  265,  266. 
Huntercomb,  Alice  de,  130,  124,  225,  279,  378  ;   Walter 

(Sir  Walter)  de,   i  30,  224,  225,  zztt,  262,  279,  300, 

316,378. 


Vol.  VI. 


5' 


402 


INDEX. 


Huist,  Blytlie,  minister  of  Slaley,  381  ;    Elizabeth,  236. 

Husband,  Giliiert,  350. 

Hutaker  (Hwatacre),  arms  of,  317. 

Hutchinson,  Ann,  346  ;  James,  329  ;   Jane,  374;  John, 

136;    Michael,  346;     Ral])h,  230  ;    Thoma5,  374  ; 

William,  153. 
Mutton,  Elizabeth,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew, 

148  ;  Ralph,  167. 
Huysson,  Roger,  353. 
Hyring,  Richard,  188. 

I. 

Hey,  John,  284,  299. 

Ingleby  (Ingilby),  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113  ; 

Richard,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113  ;  Thomas, 

vicar  of  BJ^vell  St.  Andrew,  247. 
Iron-forge,  near  Allansford,  301. 
Iron-mining.     See  Lead-mining. 
Ismay,  Thomas,  266. 
Iveston,  Thomas,  263. 
Ivon,  clerk,  203. 

J. 
Jackson,  Francis,  232. 
Jacobite,  alleged  machinations,  303. 
Jakes,  Thomas,  91. 

James,  Elizabeth,   381  ;    John,   142,  363;    Mary,  142; 
Robert,  361  ;  Sarah,  381  ;  Teasdale,  363  ;  William, 

363. 
Jameson,  John  W.,  363 ;  Thomas,  274,  276. 
Jaques,    Joseph,    vicar    of    Bywell    St.   Andrew    and 

minister  of  Allendale,  249. 
Jarrow,  Walter  de,  parson  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  112. 
Jedburgh  castle,  63,  65. 
Jefferson,  Henry,  267. 
Jeffrey,  John    and    Edward,   345  ;    Samuel,    vicar    of 

Bywell  St.  Peter,  114. 
Jenison,  Isabella,  257  ;  Thomas,  257  ;  William,  346. 
Jennings  (Jennye,  Jenyon,  Jenyn,  etc.),  Elizabeth,  92  ; 

John,  92,  252,  354,  357,  367,  382;  Thomas,  252. 
Jesraond,  345  ;  Adam  de,  180. 
Jesus  hospital,  Newcastle,  345. 
Jewitt,  Ralph,  158. 
Jobling  (Jopling),  Abraham,   118,   126;  Andrew,  195, 

2^Si   3S9i   375  i    Cuthbert,    195  ;    Elizabeth,    168  ; 

John,  85,  102,  135,  195,  382  ;  John  Cresswell,  128  ; 

Lancelot,  359,  375  ;   Peter,  126;   Robert,  126,  134  ; 

Surtees,  297  ;  William,  135. 
Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  pedigree,  127  ;  evidences,  128. 


Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  Newton  and  Styford, 
monumental  inscriptions,  iii. 

Johnson,  Anthony,  clerk,  minister  of  Healey,  176; 
Ann,  286;  Cuthbert,  will  of,  157;  Fewster,  157; 
Francis,  237;  Henry,  vicar  of  Bywell,  114,  248, 
382  ;  Jane,  237  ;  John,  157,  289  ;  Robert,  157,  254, 
289;  Sarah,  157;  Wilkinson,  168  ;  William,  157, 
286,  288. 

Johnson  o(  Bywell,  monumental  inscriptions,  247. 

Joicey,  Edward,  346  ;  John,  129,  137,  140. 

Joicey-Cecil,  Lady  John,  129,  140. 

Jolly  (Jolye),  John,  325. 

Jones,  Thomas,  309  ;  P.C.  vicar  of  Hunstanworth,  363. 

Juniper-hill,  261. 

K. 

Kay,  Peter,  155. 

Kearsley,  139. 

Keldham  priory,  323. 

Kell,  Gerrard  (Jerard),  358,  359  ;  Thomas,  251. 

Kellawe,  Emeric  de,  350,  351  ;    Richard  de,  bishop  of 

Durham,   351,   352,   380  ;    Thomas   de,  350,    351  ; 

William  de,  187,  264,  350,  351. 
Kelso  abbey,  possessions   in  Merchenley,  377  ;   Roger, 

monk    of    Kelso,     hermit    of     Merchenley,    377  ; 

William,  monk  of  Kelso,  heimit  of  Merchenley,  377. 
Kenbel  (Kinebele),  Richard,  225  ;  William  de,  315. 
Kent,  Alice,  93,  95  ;  Bartholomew,  95,  96,  160  ;  Robert, 

91,  92  ;  William,  95. 
Kepier  hospital,  possessions  in  Bolbec  barony,  225,  279. 
Ker,  Sir  Thomas,  81. 
Keu,  Matilda,  263  ;  Walter  le,  263. 
Kibblesworth,  2S8. 
Kiigerton,  Henry  de,  180. 
Killingworth,  Luke,  96. 
Kiln-burn,  348. 

Kiln-house  (Kylne-house),  93,  130. 
Kilnpit-hill,  278. 
King,  Thomas,  248. 
King's  arms  in  churches,  117,  380. 
Kingston,  John,  286. 

Kipling,  Gilbert,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 
Kipperlin  (Skytterlyn,  etc.),  143, 160,  162,  190,  195,  196. 
Kirkbridge,  Maiidlen,  358. 
Kirkham,  the  prior  of,  223. 

Kirkharle,  viUe,  124;    church  appropriated  to  Blanch- 
land,  313  ;  the  rectory,  324. 
Kirkheaton,  274. 
Kirkley,  of  Eddisbridge  and  Aireyholm,  monumental 

inscription,  308  ;  George,  135,  136  ;  Jane,  135. 


INDEX. 


403 


Kirkside,  83. 

Kirsopp,   Edward,  359;   John,  3S0,  381  ;    Mary,  374, 

380  ;  Wilkinson.  230,  131,  267,  360,  374,  375. 
Kirwood,  Robert,  clerk,  253. 
Knapshaw  close,  323,  325. 
Knights  Hospitallers,  mills  in  Woodhorn,  30;    lands  at 

Healey,  170  ;  in  Slaley,  351. 
Knighls  Templars'  lands,  Preston,  24  ;  in  Westerdale, 

38  ;  at  Healey,  169. 
KnoUes,  Edmund,  202. 
Kyleie,  Benedict  de,  104. 
Kyrkcows,  Matthew,  281. 


Laburn  (Laborne,  Lawborn),  Nicholas,  281,  282,  383. 

Ladlev,  William,  347. 

Ladwick,  General,  100. 

Laing,  Philip,  i»7. 

Laings-loning  (Laies  Loung,  etc.),  account  of,  292  ; 
incidental  notices,  85,  Z31,  282,  284,  289. 

Lancaster,  Annora  de,  227,  263  ;  Edmund,  earl  of, 
224  ;  John  (Sir  John),  131,  226,  227,  263,  300,  279, 
280,  316;  Philippa  de,  130,  224,  225,  226,  263, 
349  ;  Roger,  130,  224,  225,  226,  349  ;  Thomas, 
canon  of  Blanchland,  323  ;  William,  227. 

Lake,  Henry,  125. 

Lamb,  George,  363  ;  widow,  134. 

Lambley  nunnery  burnt,  64. 

Lambton,  Robert,  of  Lambton,  327;    Margaret,  327. 

Lamepot  Strother,  145. 

Langcestria,  Walter  de,  rector  of  Middleton  in 
Teesdale,   52. 

Langhevede,  314,  315. 

Langhol',  Roger,  son  of,  130. 

Langhorn,  John,  297. 

Langish-fell,  348. 

Langley  racke,  83. 

Lang-shepecote,  324. 

Lascells  (de  Lascelles),  Dorothy,  99  ;  John,  146  ; 
Robert,  146. 

Lasonbie,  Francis,  194;  George,  194;  Peter,  194; 
Robert,    194  ;  Thomas,  194. 

Laton,  324  ;  Sir  William  de,  192,  193. 

Lauden,  Walter  de  la,  366. 

Laundewe,  Walter,  352. 

Lawson,  Alexander,  239  ;  Ann,  136,  170  ;  Christopher, 
92  ;  Catherine,  170,  2i6  ;  Edward,  83,  93,  95,  125, 
151,  170,  239,  281,  282,  283,  292;  Elizabeth,  170, 
274  ;  George,  95,  125,  239,  247,  248  ;  Geoffrey, 
151  ;  Henry  (Sir  Henry),  216,  239;   James,   240; 


Jane,  170;  John  (Sir  John),  85,  91,  155,  170,  171, 
217,  239,  240,  247,  248  ;  Mabel,  125  ;  Martin,  239  ; 
Nicholas,  92,  93,  96,  118,  151  ;  Ralph,  136,  239, 
240;  Robert,  155,  156,  157,  248;  Thomas,  151; 
William,  91,  93,  95,  157,  238,  239.  ^93- 

Lawson  of  Bywell,  pedigree,  239. 

Laycock,  Joseph  Frederick,  162,  197,  198. 

Laydlay,  Thomas,  119,  138. 

Lead  and  iron-mining  and  industries  :  at  Alston,  36, 
37  ;  at  Wheelbirks,  161  ;  at  Whittonstall,  190;  at 
Blanchland,  340 ;  lead  carried  by  pack-horses, 
162  ;  ;Dukesfield  smelt-mill,  372. 

Leadhill,  143  ;  homestead,  formerly  an  inn  used  by 
Dukesfield  pack-horses,  162. 

Leadway-field,  363. 

Ledgard,  Jane,  258,  259  ;  Joseph,  258,  259. 

Lee  (Ley,  Leigh)  TOWNSHir,  incidental  notice,  83,  85, 
268,  269,  270,  271,  272,  273,  274.  374-  See  account 
of  Riding. 

Lee  (del  Ley),  Arthur,  259  ;  Alan,  268  ;  Hugh,  263  ; 
Margaret,  167,  361  ;  Peter,  263  ;  Robert,  259,  263  ; 
Roger,  268  ;  Thomas,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter, 
113  ;  William,  chief  man  to  the  earl  of  Westmor- 
land,  79. 

Legh,  Dr.,  'visitor '  of  Blanchland,  323. 

Legot,  William,  master  of  Kepier  hospital,  225. 

Leighton,  Henry,  249  ;    John,  134,  173,  249  ;  William, 

153- 
Lelleforde,  Galfrid  de,  27. 
Letches,  231.     6V?  Backworth. 
Lewen     (Lewyn,    Lewyng),    Christopher,    149,    150; 

Edward,  149  ;   George,  149  ;   Gilbert,  master  of  St. 

Mary's  Hospital,  Newcastle,  148,  149  ;  Jane,  149; 

John,    146,    149 ;    Lancelot,    149  ;     Michael,    149  ; 

Richard,   149;    Robert,    147,    149,   150;    Thomas, 

149  ;  Walter,  146,   147,   149  ;  William,  149. 
Lewen    of    Newcastle    and    Broomley,    pedigree    and 

evidences,  148-149. 
Leyburn,  Elizabeth,  173. 
Leycestre,  Adam  de,  116, 
Liddell  (Lydell,  Ledale,  etc.),  Anthony,  83  ;   John,  91, 

356  ;    Margaret,  355  ;  Robert,  281,  356  ;  Thomas, 

281  ;  William,  267. 
Line,  Adam  de,  159. 
Lindsay,  Lord,  a   leader  in    the  Scottish    invasion   of 

1327,   319. 
Lingeyfield,  202,  205. 
Linton,  Michael,  273. 
Lishman   (Lyssheman,  etc.),  Cuthbert,  157  ;    John,  93, 

95,  157  ;  William,  91. 


404 


Index. 


Lisle  (Je   Insula,  del   Hyle),   Elizabeth,   124  ;  Emma, 

250  ;    Humphrey   (Sir  Humphrey),  124,  125,  250, 

251  ;  John  (Sir  John),  74,  208,  251,  367  ;  Otwele 
(Otverus),  122,  123,  203,  250,  315;  Robert  (Sir 
Robert),  104,  110,  122,  123,  124,  203,  222,  225, 
250,  251,  350;  Roger,  124;  Thomas,  124,  125; 
Walter,  122  ;  William  (Sir  William),  loi,  124, 
125,  222,  250. 

l.isle  (de  Insula),  arms,  123,  124. 

Little  (Lytic),  Adam,  220  ;    George,  357  ;    Hugh,  150, 

151 ;  Jane  Davidson,  220  ;  Robert,  220. 
Lloyd,  Sir  Herbert,  236. 
Lock,  Thomas,  102. 
Locksmith  (Loksymth),   David,   92  ;    James,    92,  94  ; 

John,  92,95  ;  Margaret,  93,  94  ;  Thomas,  93,  94,  95. 
Lockyer,  Helen,  127. 
Lofl-house  near  Leeds,  345. 
Loisun,  Ingram  de,  26  ;  Peter,  the  deacon  of,  26. 
Luraine,  Catherine,  249  ;    Emily,   237  ;    Robert,  291  ; 

Sir  William,  237. 
Loraine  of  Kirkharle,  monumental  inscription,  247. 
'  Lord  Crewe's  Arms"  at  Blanchland,  312,  331,  335-33^- 
Los,  Alexander,  74. 

Lough,  John  Graham,  the  sculptor,  account  of,  297-298. 
Low,  J.  L.,  clerk,  ministerof  Whittonstall,  201,  202. 
Lowes,  George,  359  ;   Joseph,  166;  William,  231,  360, 

376. 
Lowry,  Edward,  267  ;  William,  91,  119. 
Lowther,  Richard,  235. 
Lovel,  Francis,  100  ;   Myra,  too. 
Lubbald,  John,  191  ;  Roger,  19:. 

Lucy,  Lord,  a  leader  in  the  English  army  in  1327,  318. 
Lumbard  Place,  353. 
Lumley  (Lombley,  Lyndley,  Lundley,  Lombeley,  etc.), 

Arthur,  85  ;  Henry,  271  ;  John,  269,  270,  271,  273  ; 
Sir  Marmaduke  de,  192  ;  Nicholas,  269,  270,  271  ; 
Thomas,  95,  269  ;  William,  120,  271. 
Lumsden,  Edward,  167. 
Lynemouth,  85. 
Lynnels,  83. 
Lynton,  40. 

M. 

Mahen  (?),  John,  207. 

.VIcAUum,  Hugh  K.,  275,  276  ;  Richard  B.,  275. 

McDonnell,  Ale.x.,  217. 

MacDougal,  H.,  237. 

Mackay,  W.,  299. 

MacRobyn,  Richard,  281. 

Maddison,  '  Mad    Ralph,'  285. 


Maire  (.Mail,    .Maier,    .Mayre),   Henry,   ii:-  ;     Robert, 

188  ;  Thomas,   85,  283,  284,  291. 
Makepeace,  Ann,  365  ;   John,  347,  382  ;    Joseph,   328, 

365  ;  Samuel,  347. 

Malesheles,  83. 

Mallabar  (Malburiic).  .\lex.,  120;  John,  195  ;  Thomas, 
96. 

Malteby,  Ralph  de,  146. 

Manlears,  Agnes,  248. 

Mannell's  Chare,  Newcastle,  345. 

Manners,  Dame  Alice,  371  ;  Sir  John,  371. 

'  Manor-house'  inn  in  Shotley,  293. 

Marchburn  (Marchenburn),  344,  348,  355,  377,  378. 

Marchburn-fell,  271. 

Marley,  Cuthbert,  358  ;  Dean,  214  ;  Thomas,  283. 

Marlecoat  Walls,  account  of,  376  ;  a  possession  of 
of  Blanchland,  376  ;  granted  to  Barnes  and  Water- 
house,  376 ;  lands  forfeited  by  John  Swinburne 
granted  to  Ramsay  and  Emerson,  376  ;  later 
owners.  376;  incidental  notices,  83,  231,  324,  325, 
35«,  359.  360,  363,  384. 

Marriott,  Samuel,  102,  230. 

Marsh  (March),  George,  rector  of  Ford,  338  ;  Thomas, 
210. 

Marshall,    George,    209  ;     Hannah,  142  ;    Jacob,    102  ; 

James,  285  ;    John,    142,   329  ;    Richard,  curate  of 

Shotley,  201,  202,  306,  310  ;  Thomas,  157,  16S,  235, 

285,  341. 

Martin  (Marttyn),  Mary,  matrimonial  suit,  3S3  ;    W. 

C,  363- 
Martindale,  Elizabeth,  361  ;    George,  361  ;    John,  361  ; 

Thomas,  minister  of  Slaley,  381. 
Marwood,  iS,  19,  22,  37,  39.      See  Barnard-castle. 
Mason,  Cuthbert  Heron,   370  ;  Elizabeth,  369  ;  John, 

369,  370  ;  John  Heron,  370.    . 
Massam,  Thomas,  329. 
Matfen,  124,  222,  250. 
Matfennes-acres,  353. 
Matfen-ways,  83. 
Matfen     (de     Mattefen),    Alan,    122  ;      Alard,    203  ; 

Thomas,  90. 
Matthew-field  (Maltheyfeud),  265. 
Maudlen    (Mawdland,    Motland),    John,     358,    359  ; 

.Matthew,  231,  359  ;  Thomas,  358. 
■    Mauduit,  Geoffrey,  31. 
Maughan    (.Mawen,    Maugham,    etc.),   Clement,   28 1  ; 

Cuthbert,    2.S5  ;    J.    and   W.    R.,    363  ;      Michael, 

minister  of  Shotley,  202,  306,  310  ;     Robert,  curate 

of  Shotley,  310  ;  Thomas,  215. 
Mautalent,  William,  180. 


INDfiX. 


405 


Maxwell,  James,  125. 

Medicus,  Alexander,  104. 

Medomsley,  181,  363. 

Medomsley,  William  de,  1S2,  183,  187. 

Meisnill,  barony  of,  33.     See  Menevill. 

Melfel,  Adam,  349. 

Menevill,  de  (Meneville,  Maynewelle,  Maynevill, 
Meyn)'le,  Meisnelle,  iVlenii,  etc.),  Adam,  146,  159, 
186,  187,  188,  190,  191,  197,  256  ;  Alan,  202,  204  ; 
Agnes,  191,  197;  Eva,  202;  Isabella,  190,  193  ; 
John,  155,  186,  190,  191,  197;  Matilda,  190; 
Robert  (Sir  Robert),  32,  33,  49,  110,  155,  185,  186, 
192,  350  ;    Thomas,  192  ;    William,  146,  184,  187, 

19'.  I93>  197,  '99.  ^°4- 

Menevill  ofWhittonstall,  pedigree,  192. 

Merchenley,  in  the  manor  of  Bolbec,  account  of,  377- 
378  ;  hermitage  and  church,  founded  by  Walter  de 
Bolbec,  granted  to  the  abbot  and  convent  of  Kelso, 
377  ;  endowed  by  Hugh  de  Bolbec,  377  ;  burnt  and 
destroyed  by  the  Scots,  227,  263,  378  ;  granted  to 
John  de  Cresswcll,  378  ;  supposed  position,  378  ; 
incidental  notices,  222. 

Merching-burn,  377. 

Merchenley,  Thomas  de,  377  ;  William  de,  377. 

iMere  manor   (Wills),  a  possession   of  the  Baliols,  34, 

35.  36- 
Merley,  Philip  de,  350  ;   Roger  de,  223,  224,  225,  315  ; 

Ralph  de,  278  ;  William  de,  350. 
Merryshields    (Merresheeles,   etc.),    85,  87,   143,    256, 

2J9  ;  account  of,  162-163. 
Mery,  Thomas,  a  crown  grantee  in  Slaley,  357. 
Mesnilhermer  (Mainilloherm),  William  de,  180,  186. 
Messenger,  John,  minister  of  Shotley,  202,  293,   310  ; 

his  epitaph,  309. 
Michael,  St.,  a  chapel  near  Whittington,  155. 
Mickleton,  Christopher,  291. 
Mickley,  83,  85. 

Mickley  fell,  271  ;  enclosure  of  common,  i65. 
Middleton  Morell,  131,  228. 
Middleton,  North,  225. 
Middleton-in-Teesdale,  18,  27,  52  ;    names  of  some  of 

the  ancient  rectors,  52. 
Middleton  (de  Middleton),  Sir  Arthur,  26,    290,  299, 

302  ;    dame  Christina,  132,  264,  280,  294,  300,  343  ; 

George,  329  ;    Gilbert,  148,  149,  346  ;    Isabel,  300  ; 

Joan,  294,  300;    John  (Sir   John),    132,  230,  234, 

238,   262,   264,   280,  294,   300,  301,   343  ;    Robert, 

282,    300,     301  ;     Richard    (Sir     Richard),    234; 

Thomas,    85,    283,    363  ;     William    (Sir   William), 

231,  262,  264,  2S4,  299,  301. 


Milbank,  Mark,  291. 

Milburn,    Alan    (de   Mylburn),    1S5  ;      Edward,     133; 

Thomas,  358  ;  William,  174. 
Milburn,  Menevill's  owners  of,  192. 
Mills,  Thomas,  2S4,  285,  288. 
Millshields,  210,  212,  231,  285. 
Milways,  363. 

Ministeracre    (Mynstanacre,     etc.),    Alan     de,     207  ; 
Gilbert,  de,  208  ;   vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  247  ; 
Hugh  de,  366,  367  ;   Richard  de,  203  ;   Robert  de, 
207,  208. 
Minsteracres,  account  of,  212-219  ;    held  by  Swinburne 
family,    212;    Swinburne    pedigree  and   will,   213; 
Silvertop    family,    214 ;     Silvertop    pedigree   and 
arms,  215  ;    wills  and  evidences,  217  ;    biographical 
sketch   of   George    Silvertop,    218  ;     chapel,    219  : 
incidental  notices,  83,  206,  207,  231. 
Misterton,  John  de,  280, 
Mitchel,  Thomas,  102. 
Mitfurd  and  Mitford  castle,  34,  52,  345. 
Mitford,     Stephen,     rector     of,    46  ;      (de     Mitford) 
Christopher,    149;     John,    104;    Oswald     obtains 
letters  of   exemplification    of    the  refoundation    of 
Blanchland,  326  ;   Richard,  104;    Thomas,  vicar  of 
Bywell  St.  Peter,  113  :  vicar  of  Slaley,  381. 
Mitford  farm,  Gateshead,  345. 
Moffat,  Robert,  102. 
Mohl,   the  Shotley-bridge  sword  making  family,  302  ; 

Herman,  303  ,  William,  302. 
Moke,  John,  of  Durham,  peculiar  death  of,  146. 
Moland  (Maland,  Mallant),  George,  133  ;    John,  133  ; 

Robert,  133. 
Monasteriis,  Walter  de,  104. 
Monkton,  Thomas,  91. 
Montague,  Lord  (««  Nevill)  ;  Charles,  345  ;    Edward, 

160  ;  Elizabeth,  160;  James,  345. 
Monteagle,  William,  Lord,  357. 
Montford,  Simon  de,  47. 

Monumental  inscriptions  :  Collinson  of  Newton,  11 1  ; 
Jobling  of  Newton-hall,  11 1  ;  Jobling  of  Styford, 
in;  Blackett  of  Wylam,  in  ;  Hodgson  of 
Elswick,  in;  Hodgson-Hind  of  Stelling,  in  ; 
Wailes  of  Bearl,  in;  Winship  of  Newton,  in; 
Boutflower  of  Apperley,  201,  247  ;  Brown  of 
Whittonstall,  201  ;  Foster  (?  Feuster)  of  Apperley, 
201  ;  Holliday  of  Beamish  Forge,  201  ;  Hopper  of 
Newlands,  201  ;  Humble  of  Whittonstall,  201  ; 
Marshall  of  Whittonstall,  201  ;  Bacon  of  Styford, 
246  ;  Bacon  Grey  o(  Styford,  246  ;  Beauclerk  of 
Riding-mill,  246  ;    Kenwick  of  Bywell,  246  ;  Hall  of 


40b 


INDEX. 


Ncwsham,  246  ;  Hind  of  Sidling,  246  ;  Hind  of 
Ovington,  247  ;  Johnson  of  Bywell,  247  ;  Loraine  of 
Riding,  247  ;  Robinson  of  Riding-mill,  247  ;  Beau- 
flower  of  Riding-mill,  247  ;  Salvin,  247  ;  Shield  of 
Broomhaugh  and  Newcastle,  247  ;  Smith  of  the 
Riding,  247  ;  Hopper  of  Black  Hedley,  508  ;  Burnett 
of  Black  Hedley,  308  ;  Hopper  of  Summerfield,  308  ; 
Hopper  of  Shotleyfield,  308  ;  Christopher  Hunter, 
the  antiquary,  308  ;  Hunter  of  Birkenside,  308  ; 
Kirkley  of  F.ddesbridge  and  Aireyholrae,  308  ; 
Hunter  of  Black  Hedley,  309  ;  Messenger  of 
Shotley,  309  ;  Redpath  of  Berwick,  309  ;  Simpson 
of  Shotley,  309;  Walker  of  Shotley-hall,  309; 
Oxley,  309  ;  Bainbridge  of  Slaley  380  ;  Carr  of 
Marleycoat  Wall,   380 ;    Carr   of  Slaley-wood-foot, 

380  ;    Cook    of   Wooley,  380  ;  Teasdale  of  Slaley, 

381  ;  Teasdale  of  Combhills,  381. 
Moor,  John,  152  ;  William,  252. 
Moorgair,  363. 

Moppe,  Thomas,  145. 

Mora  (unidentified),  197  ;  Gamil  de,  197  ;  Gilbert  de, 
183  ;  Margaret,  197  ;  Thomas  de,  197. 

Morel,  Robert,  180. 

Morgan,  of  Miln-houses,  135. 

Morgan,  Robert,  a  crown  grantee  in  Newlands,  195 

Morley,  Ann,  231  ;  Henry,  236. 

Morpeth,  345  ;   St.  Mary's  chantry,  239. 

Morpeth,  Isbella  (Sibilla,  Ysabellis)  de,  185,  186; 
William  de,  185,  186. 

Mortimer  (Berks),  364. 

Morwick,  Nicholas  de,  180. 

Mossford,  301.     iVi-  MoEswood. 

Mosskennel  farm,  171. 

Mosswood,  231,  278,  302. 

Moston,  Katherine  de,  131,  132. 

Motelawes,  116,  117. 

Mounteagle,  Lord,  357. 

Mount  Ryall,  328,  345,  369. 

Mowbray  (de  Mowbry,  Mubray),  Ann,  374  ;  Arthur, 
285,  286,  289,  292  ;  Geoffrey,  55  ;  George,  290, 
35^1  3^5t  374  J  Hannah,  365  ;  Isaac,  365  ;  Jane, 
365  ;  John,  365  ;  Sir  John  R.,  364  ;  Joseph,  365  ; 
Mary,  365,  374  ;  Nigel,  37  ;  Richard,  365  ;  Sarah, 
365  ;    Teasdale,  273,  365,  374  ;  Thomas,  290,  365. 

Mowbray  of  Slaley  and  .Mortimer  pedigree,  364. 

Mowbray  arms,  364. 

Mowe,  W'illiam,  252. 

Moyne,  Margery,  59. 

Muggin,  widow,  266. 

Munbi,  William  de,  180. 


Mundihod,  I.uke,  342. 

.Muntfichct,  .Margerj-,  223.  224  ;  Richard,  213,  2:4. 

.Murray,  Colonel  Richard,  237. 

Murray,  earl  of,  a  leader  in  Scottish  invasion  of  1329, 

3.8. 
.Musgrave,     Sir     Christopher,    174;     Cuihlieri,     170; 

Thomas,  125. 
.Mylnflatte,  353. 

N. 

Nafferton,  135  ;  mill,  138. 

Nairn,  Anne,  253  ;   Henry,  253. 

Neasham,  58,  62. 

Nesbit,  225,  226. 

Nesfield,  William,  rector  of  Brancepeth,  286. 

Neucumen,  Robert,  144. 

Nevill,  (de  Nevill,  earls  of  Westmorland),  pedigree, 
78-82  ;  Charles,  80,  81,  155,  357  ;  Lady  Eleanor, 
229  ;  John  (Sir  John),  75,  131,  190,  228,  156; 
Geoffrey,  32  n  ;  Ralph,  53,  54,  75,  132,  191,  280, 
281,  295;  Robert,  47;  Thomas,  91,  282.  See 
Westmorland,  earl  of. 

Newbiggin  TOWNSHIP,  account  of,  342-347  ;  area  and 
census  returns,  342  ;  subsidy  roll  of  1296,  342  ; 
burnt  by  the  Scots,  343  ;  medieval  tenants,  342- 
343  ;  survey  of  1608,  343  ;  granted  to  Allen  and 
Whitmore,  344  ;  acquired  by  the  Forsters  and 
Montagues,  344-345 ;  will  of  John  Ord,  345  ;  estate 
sold  by  the  Ord  family  to  Edward  Joicey,  346  ; 
account  of  Apperley,  Emley,  and  Gingleshaugh, 
346-347;  township  anne.xed  to  Blanchland  for 
ecclesiastical  purposes,  330,  342  ;  Newbiggin  Hope, 
345  ;  incidental  notices,  83,  226,  227,  228,  229, 
262,  263,  279,  280,  300,  324,  325,  328,  354. 

Newbiggin-by-the-Sea,  grant  of  fair,  31  ;  the  pier,  74  ; 
grant  of  toft,  137. 

Newbrig  rake,  83. 

Newburn  tithe,  273. 

Newby  (Nuebi),  Nicholas,  26. 

Newcastle,    Dogg-bank,    345  ;     Lort-burn,    377  ;    St. 
Mary's    Hospital,   183,    184;     Pandon   Gate,    345; 
Westgate  repaired,  90  ;   White  cross,  273  ;    earl  of, 
126,  252  ;  Jordan,  chaplain,  184  ;    Manuel's  Chare, 
345  ;  Jesus  Hospiial.  345  ;    St.  John's  School,  345  ; 
Magdalen  Close,  345. 
Newfield,  231,  324. 
Newham,  Robert  de,  184. 
Newlands     lovv.NSHll',    incidental     notices.     37,     S3. 

See  WhittonsLall. 
Newlands,  John  de,  1S9  ;   Walter  de,  1S4. 


INDEX. 


407 


Nevvsome,  Adam  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  112. 

Newton-hall  TOWNSHll",  122-129  ;  area  and  census 
returns,  122  ;  a  manor  and  residence  of  the  family 
of  Lisle,  122-125  i  subsidy  roll,  123;  description 
and  plan  of  tower,  123  ;  in  possession  successively 
of  the  Carnabys,  the  Musgraves,  the  Widdrington?-, 
and  the  Radcliffes,  125  ;  tenants'  goods  impressed 
by  Scottish  army,  126;  the  Ogle  third,  126  ; 
pedigree  of  Jobling,  127  ;  Jobling  wills,  12?  ; 
owned  successively  by  the  Greenwich  Hospital 
Commissioners,  the  Joblings,  and  the  Blacketts, 
128-129;  purchased  by  John  Joicey,  129;  church 
and  ecclesiastical  district,  129  ;  ministers,  129  ; 
incidental  notices,  83,  85,  226,  228, 

Newton  township,  130-137  ;  area  and  census  returns, 
130  ;  held  of  the  Baliols  by  the  families  of 
Bolbec,  Greystoke,  Herle,  etc.,  130-131  ;  subsidy 
rolls,  130,  131  ;  lands  owned  by  Darrayns  and  by 
del  Chaumbre,  131  ;  Chaumbre  pedigree,  132; 
lands  held  by  the  families  of  Swinburne,  Stryvelyn, 
and  Raymes,  132  ;  tenants  in  1524,  133  ;  muster 
roll  of  1538,  133;  leaseholders  of  1570,  133; 
leasehold  tenants  in  1608  and  hearth  tax  roll  ol 
1665,  '34;  lands  belonging  to  the  Fenwicks,  134  ; 
lands  belonging  to  the  Joblings  and  Hainbridge 
sold  to  William  Hedley,  135  ;  lands  belonging  to 
the  Hunters,  Scurfield,  and  Douglas  sold  to  H. 
Collinson,  135;  will  of  Henry  CoUinson,  135; 
CoUinson  pedigree,  135;  their  lands  sold  to  John 
Joicey,  137;  incidental  notices,  83,  85,  87,  226, 
228,  300. 

Newton  East,  122;  Newton,  Little,  131  ;  Newton 
ward,  118. 

Newton,  Long  (co.  Durham),  41,  42,  45,  58,  62. 

Newton  greaveship,  85. 

Newton  of  Broomley,  pedigree,  153. 

Newton  of  Burnhope.  mentioned,  290. 

Newton  of  Stockslield,  pedigree,  257. 

Newton,  arms  of,  258,  259. 

Newton  (de  Newton),  Alice,  205  ;  Arkel,  183  ;  Arthur, 
115;  Anne,  115,  259;  Barbara,  115,  153,  205; 
Catherine,  231  ;  Charles,  126,  376  ;  Christopher, 
86,  155,  156,  157,  210,  259  ;  Cuthbert,  85,  92, 
149,  150,  151,  157;  Edward,  157,256;  Elizabeth, 
115  ;  Elbi,  23;  Galfrid,  131  ;  Gilbert,  85,  86,  95, 
115,  156,  162,  205,  256,  259;  Jenkin,  115,  153; 
Jane,  149,  205,  210,  259  ;  John,  86,  96,  115,  153, 
166,  204,  205,  256,  258,  259,  263,  273,  359; 
Joseph,  115;  Lancelot,  115,  157,  256,  259  ;  Marion, 
92;  Matthew,  126,  259;  Nicholas,  92;  Richard, 
85,  211  ;    Ralph,  86,  95,  259  ;  Robert,  87,  115,  153, 


154,    155,   156,    157,   162,    258,    260,   362;     Roger, 

85,  86,  92,  259  ;    Reginald,  26,  259  ;    Sarah,    115  ; 

Simon,  131;    Thomas,  85,  92,    147,    183,   205,  259, 

260,  263;.  Tristram,   153,  154,   157;   will  of,   153; 

Walter,     131;     William,    vicar    of     Bywell,    113; 

William,  115,  152,  153,  157,  166,  183,  204. 
Nicholesheued,  116. 
Nichols  (Nicolles),  Henry,  94. 
Nicholson  (Nicolson),  George,  95  ;    Henry,  92,  94,  95, 

195,    239;    John,     91,     92,    95,    195;     Isaac,    210; 

Robert,  91,  92  ;  widow,  358. 
Nigel,  the  chaplain,  104. 
Nixe  meadow,  95. 
Nixon,  Christopher,  363. 
Nixons,  Liddesdale  thieves,  353. 
Nod,  William,  251. 
Norham  castle,  34,  56,  57,  58. 
Normanvill  de.  Sir  Guy,   110;    Henry,  256;     Hugh, 

104,  144,  254  ;  John,  146,  186,  255  ;  Thomas,  61. 
Northumberland,  the  earl  of,  284.     See  Percy. 
Norton,  William  de,    master  of   St.    Mary's  Hospital, 

Newcastle,  184  ;    William  de,  vicar   of  Bywell  St. 

Andrew  and  abbot  of  Blanchland,  241,  247,  316,  324. 
Xunriding,  monastic  lands  at,  granted  to   Bellow  and 

Braxholme,  324. 

O. 

Ogle,  Barbara,  257  ;  Cuthbeit,  lord,  125,  126,  251  ; 
Dorothy,  167;  Elizabeth,  115,  257;  John,  of 
Kirkley,  167;  Magdalen,  257;  Nathaniel,  257; 
Newton,  257,  258  ;  Oliver,  257  ;  Ralph,  lord,  124  ; 
Robert  de,  352. 

Old  Durham,  209. 

Oleys,  the  Shotley-bridge  sword  makers,  302,  303. 

Oliver,  Agnes,  362  ;  Eleanor,  362  ;  John,  362  ; 
William,  273. 

Orchard-field,  231,  290, 

Orchard-hill,  301. 

Ord  (Hord,  Hurd,  Hurde,  Ourde.  Hourde,  Oarde,  etc.), 
Alice,  345,  346  ;  Ann,  345,  346  ;  Anthony,  353  ; 
matrimonial  suit,  383  ;  Blanch,  367,  371  ;  Edward, 
367,  37'.  383;  Elizabeth,  345;  George,  229,  353, 
354,  355.  356,  367;  Gerard,  229,  355,  367,  376; 
Henry,  345,  346  ;  James,  345,  346  ;  John,  83,  152, 
170,  269,  270,  271,  272,  329,  345,  346,  354,  355, 
357,  361,  367  ;  Lancelot,  281  ;  Lyell,  281  ; 
Margaret,  367,  371,  383;  Mary,  346;  Michael,  367; 
Nicholas,  343,  354;  Ralph,  345,  346,  353  ;  Rinian, 
355  ;  Robert,  83,  345,  346  ;  chief  baron  of 
Scotland,  345,  346  ;  Thomas,  210,  235,  264,  345, 
346  ;   Ursula,  345  ;  William,  345,  346. 


4o8 


INDEX. 


Ormes  riding,  203. 

Ormston,  Robert,  169,  174,  176  ;  William,  215. 

Ormston  of  Newcastle  and  Healey,  pedigree,  175. 

Ornshy,  John,  167. 

Oryll,  Giles,  91. 

Ouser,  Miles,  153. 

Ouston,  256. 

Ovingham  boathouse,  153. 

Ovingham,  Alan,  vicar  of,  184  ;   Hugh,  parson  of,  no. 

Ovington,  85  ;    Milo  de,  182. 

Owen,  Matthew,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 

Oxford  and  Mortimer,  Countess  of,  102,  252  ;  E:irl  of, 

253- 
Oxley,  William,  monumental  inscription,  309. 


Pace,  Cuthbert,  281. 

Pacoke,  John,  208. 

Page,  William,  351. 

Palmstrothers,  363,  373. 

Panmere,  Galfred  le,  35. 

Panshields  (Paenshiels,  Painshawfield,  Panysheles, 
Panchells,  Penshields),  account  of,  291-292  ;  inci- 
dental notices,  83,  85,  143,  231,  278,  282,  283,  284, 
301. 

Pareman,  John,  269. 

Parker,  Edward,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  114; 
George,  96;  John,  281  ;  Nicholas,  281  ;  Obadiah, 
185  ;   Richard,  134,  358  ;  Simon,  209,  28:. 

Parkin,  Margaret,  210. 

Parnyng,  Isabel,  280  ;  Robert,  2S0. 

Parson's-law,  353. 

Partus  (Partis,  Portus),  Andrew,  281  ;  George,  355, 
357  ;  John,  357  ;  Margaret,  269,  270,  271  ;  Robert, 
281. 

Pate,  George,  93.     See  Bales. 

Patterson  (Patyson,  Pattenson,  Pattinson,  etc.),  Alice, 
355  ;  Cuthbert,  minister  of  Slaley,  381  ;  John,  344  ; 
William,  94,  270. 

Patrick,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  112,  183,  184. 

Pat-ryding,  353. 

Paul,  Emily,  288  ;  Joseph,  288. 

Paulinus,  founder  of  Whitland  abbey,  313. 

Pearson  (Pierson),  Blanche,  371  ;  Cuthbert,  265,  269, 
270,  344;  Michael,  102,  175,  215;  John,  265, 
344- 

Peel-dykes,  274. 

Peel-flats,  362,  363. 

Peepy,  88. 

Pelham,  Lady  Eleanor,  229  ;  William,  229. 


Pembroke,  Eail  and  Countess,  71,  74,  75,  131,  256. 

Pendmorc  (Pentemoic),  3'- 

Penreth,  Robert  de,  264. 

Penrith,  members  of  manor,  61,  62. 

Percenei,  William  de,  184. 

Percy.    Henry   (Sir   Henry),   40,    81  ;     Thomas    (earl 

of  Northumberland),  80,  81,  82  ;  William,  40. 
Perington,  Adam  de,  27. 
Pescod,   Bartholomew,  248  ;    Eleanor,  248  ;    Thomas, 

24S. 
Pewterer,  Francis,  235,  236  ;  Nathaniel,  236. 
Pigr,  John,  281. 

Pile,  Benjamin,  a  minister  at  He.xham,  365. 
Pinchenei,  ."^gnes  de  (Picquigny),  26,  27,  29,  72. 
Pincornio,  Adam  de,  46. 
Pinkney  (Pynkney),  Christopher,  minister  of  Whitton- 

stall  and  of  Shotley,  202,  248,  309  ;  Elias,  263. 
Pittington  (Petyngton),  Thomas  de,  146. 
Playwell,  359,  362. 
Plessey  (Plesseto),  Roger  de,  31. 
Plough  money  or  plough  sixpence,  117,  306. 
Polglas,  Margaret,  227  ;  William,  227. 
Pollowe,  Galfrid  de,  146  ;  William  de,  146. 
PorUesale,  Richard  de,  74. 
Porchet,  Roger,  221. 
Porter,  William,  363. 
Portland,  Duke  of,  254. 
Pothou,  William  de,  rector  of  Middleton-in-Teesdale, 

52 

Potts,    George,    160,   266  ;    James,    285  ;    Jane,    296  ; 

Matthew,  154,  160,  266  ;  Thomas,  296,  328. 
Povey  and  Morgan,  crown  grantees  in  Black  Hedle)-, 

^95- 

Powell,  Charlotte,  100  ;  Philip,  ico. 

Praemonstralensian  order,  their  origin  and  their  settle- 
ment in  England,  313  ;  their  houses  at  New-house, 
Alnwick,  and  Blanchland,  312-313. 

Prest-place,  353. 

Preston,  Jane,  136. 

Prestwick-hall,  239, 

Proud,  .Ale.xander,  210  ;  George,  359  ;   Robert,  210. 

Prudhoe,  345  ;  castle,  34. 

Prudhoe,  Walter  de,  118,  119;  William,  i65. 

Pry,  Pry-house,  Prj'-head,  231,  359,  360,  363. 

Pulford  and  Biggs,  crown  lessees  in  Bywell,  85. 

Puir,  William,  268,  350. 

Punchardun,  Walter,  183. 

Purpes,  Edward,  133. 

Pyckering,  John,  147. 

Pycroft,  Thomas,  136. 


INDEX. 


409 


Quaker  burial  ground  and  meeting-house  at  Winnoshill, 

220. 
Quarry-house,  363. 
Quenilda  of  Medorasley,  182. 

R. 

Rabas,  Geoffrey,  191. 

Raby  lordbhip,  feudal  service  to  Durham,  53. 

Radley,  William,  341. 

Railton,  William,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  249. 

Rainton,  Agnes,  299  ;  Humphrey,  299. 

'  Ramonde,'  a  book  so  entitled,  248. 

Ramsay,  Joseph,  157. 

Ramsay  and  Emerson,  crown  grantees  of  Marley  Coat 

Walls,  376. 
Ramshaw,  340. 
Rana,  John  de,  104. 
Randulf,  Thomas   (Sir  Thomas,  earl  of  Moray),  46, 

57,  68. 

Raphetot,  Adam  de,  221. 

Ratcliffe  of  Blanchland  Abbey,  pedigree,  327. 

Ratcliffe  (Radcliffe),  Anthony,  83,  151,  209,  242,  326, 
327,  328,  344;  Cuthbert  (Sir  Cuthbert),  84,  126, 
147,  170,  I94>  209,  326,  327,  328,  367,  383  ; 
Edward  (Sir  Edward),  126,  195,  367;  Elizabeth 
(Dame  Elizabeth),  117,  383;  Francis,  125,  126, 
195,  198;  George,  194;  Jane,  327,328,344;  John, 
327,  383  ;  Margery,  327,  328  ;  Mary  (Lady  Mary), 
125,  217  ;  Thomas,  277  ;  William,  327. 

Raw  (Row,  Rawe,  Rowe),  Andrew,  2S5,  329  ;  Christo- 
pher, 156,  157;  Hew,  281;  John,  119;  Mary, 
136  ;  Thomas,  1 18. 

Raw-bush,  271. 

Raw-hole,  152. 

Raw-house  (Roe-house),  143,  154. 

Rawlinson,  Elizabeth,  175. 

Raymes  (de  Reynies),  Nicholas  de,  371  ;  Robert  de, 
132,  189. 

Raynard,  dapifer,  20. 

Readlead  mill,  231,  360,  373,  375. 

Reaston  (Reaston  burn),  348,  363. 

Redemyre,  324, 

Redhead  (Redhod),  John,  268;  Margaret,  133; 
Robert,  133,  134,  135  ;  Thomas,  133. 

Redpath,  Isabella,  widow  of  Robert,  of  Berwick,  309. 

Redshaw  (Readshaw),  Barbara,  285;  Christopher, 
281,  311  ;  Cockerell,  298  ;  Cuthbert,  2S1,  282,  2S5, 
289,  298  ;  Gawen,  85,  2S3  ;  Elizabeth,  2S5  ;  John, 
289;  Mary,  285  ;  Robert,  283,  284,  285,  298,  299  ; 
Thomas,  195,  209,  281.  282,  283. 

Redwell,  278. 


Redyman,  William,  352. 

Reed,  Anne,  127,  364;  Elrington,  168,  212,  293; 
Gabriel,  210,  212,  292  ;  Thomas,  127, 364  ;  William, 
158. 

Reeding-burn,  342. 

Reeshell,  John,  91. 

Rennison,  Margaret,  277. 

Retford,  Richard  de,  366  ;  William  de,  366. 

Reve,  Richard,  133. 

Res'edene-burn,  223. 

Ribton,  Elizabeth,  175  ;  Richard,  175. 

Richard,  'cum  loccis,'  181. 

Richardson  (Richeson,  etc.),  Ann,  28S  ;  Alan,  119; 
Anthony,  285,  291  ;  Cuthbert,  85,  152,  160,  283, 
310;  David,  161;  George,  231,  289;  Jchn,  286; 
Matthew,  2S9  ;  Stephen,  282  ;  Thomas,  284,  285, 
310  ;  William,  358,  359  ;  minister  of  Slaley,  3S1. 

Richley,  John,  117. 

Richmond,  John,  earl  of.     See  Brittany. 

Richmond  (Richemund),  Thomas  de,  74  ;  George  E., 
vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  249. 

Rickards,  W.  B.,  clerk,  minister  of  Newton-hall,  129. 

Riddell,  Alexander,  266  ;    Barbara,  87  ;    Edward,  140  ; 

Peter,  87  ;  William,  86. 
Riding  TOWNSHIP,  268-277  ;  acreage  and  census 
return,  268  ;  Riding  and  Lee  subsidy  rolls,  268  ; 
Riding  and  Lee  tenants  in  1570,  269  ;  and  in  1608, 
271  ;  mill  belonged  to  Brancepeth  chantry,  270; 
crown  leases  and  grants  of  Riding  and  Lee,  270, 
271,  272  ;  provision  of  armed  men  to  serve  the 
crown,  270  ;  schoolmaster  presented  for  teaching 
popish  manuals,  272  ;  proprietors  in  1663,  273; 
Riding,  Lee,  and  Broomhaugh  hearth  tax  roll, 
273  ;  'day  works,'  273  ;  lands  acquired  by  Teasdale 
and  Bainbridge,  273  ;  will  of  Esther  Allgood,  273  ; 
pedigree  of  Varey  and  Allgood,  274  ;  pedigree  of 
Bainbridge,  274  ;  pedigree  of  Hunter,  275  ;  nine- 
teenth century  owners,  275-276  ;  family  of  Smith 
of  Snows-hill  and  Riding,  276  ;  arms  of  Erringtou, 

276  ;   pedigree  of  Errington,  277  ;  witchcraft,  276- 

277  ;     vill    destroyed    by    the    Scots,    227,    263  ; 
incidental  notices,  83,  226,  234,  263,  374. 

Riding  water  mill,  265,  269,  270,  271,  272,  273. 

Riding  school,  273. 

Riding  (Riddynge),  Raven  de,  26S  ;  Robert  de,  146  ; 
Roger  de,  26S  ;  Uctred  de,  279. 

Ridlam  (Redelem),  314,  315. 

Ridley,  Old  and  New,  account  of,  154-158;  subsidy 
rolls,  155  ;  tenants  in  1570,  155  ;  tenants  in  160R, 
156;  proprietors  in  1663,  157;  and  in  the 
eighteenth  century,  157-158  ;  incidental  notices, 
83,  84,  85. 


Vol.  VI. 


52 


4IO 


INDEX. 


Ridley  grieveship,  ii8. 

Ridley-hall,  363. 

Ridley  mill,  154,  156,  157,  158. 

Ridley  (de  Reddeley,  etc.),  Agnes,  35S  ;  Alexander, 
194;  Cuihbert,  210,  267;  George,  231,  359,  360, 
363;  Frances,  194;  Isabel,  273  ;  Jane,  194;  John, 
194,  247,  267,  271,  355,  359  ;  Henry,  134,  266, 
358;  Hugh,  356;  Matlhew,  382;  Nicholas,  155, 
358,  384;  Peler,  160;  Reginald,  155;  Thomas, 
194;  Walter,  163  ;  William,  145,  146,  182,  273, 
36;  ;  widow,  266. 

Rievaux  abbey  lands  in  Neasham,  38. 

Risseford,  Gilbert  de,  183. 

Ritschell,  George,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  248  ; 
John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  248. 

Roachey-foot  (Rochelle-foot,  Redeshaw  foot),  158. 

Robinson,  Christopher,  133,  134;  Cuthbert,  91; 
Edmund,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  247  ; 
Edward,  92,  93,  94,  95,  147;  George,  121,  269, 
270  ;  Henry,  343  ;  Joan,  133  ;  John,  91,  134,  282, 
283  ;  Matthew,  vicar  of  Bywell,  102,  248  ;  minister 
of  Slaley,  381  ;    Robert,  92  ;    William,  93,  94,  95, 

"33,  '34,  '57- 
Robinson  of  Riding  Mill,  monumental  inscription,  247. 
Robson,   Cecilia,  235  ;    Edward,  235  ;    George,    363  ; 

Gilbert,    156;    Henry,    85,    152,  159,    160;    John, 

166,  231,  359,   363;    Thomas,  359;    William,  166; 

widow,  1 34. 
Rochester  (de   Rouchester),   Christopher,  267  ;    John, 

208. 
Rockett,  Charles,  359,  37+.  375  i  Margaret,  374. 
Roddam    (Roadham),  Hugh,   358;    James,  231,   359; 

Thomas,  359. 
Rodheclin,  William  de,  19. 
Roe.     See  Raw. 
Roe-house.     See  Raw-house. 
Rogers,  John,  160. 
Rokesby  (Rokby),    James,  324  ;  Thomas,  an   English 

squire,  317,  320. 
Roman   and   pre-Conquest   remains :    Castle-hill   fort 

near  Watling  street,  13, 143, 144;  Shildon-hill  camp, 

4,  88;  silver  cup  with  Latin  inscription,  88  ;  Bywell 

St.  Andrew  church  tower,  243,  244.     See  addenda. 
Ronaldson  (Ranaldson),  George,  194. 
Ros,  Robert  de,  38,  44,  223. 
Rothley,  224,  225. 
Roughside,  on    Derwent    (Routhside,    East  and  West 

Rongside),  324,  365  ;  Hugh  de,  366. 
Routledges,  Liddesdale  thieves,  353. 
Rowcastle,  John,  266. 
Rowell,  Mary,  168. 


Rowland    (Rauland),    Elizabeth,     374 ;     John,     345  ; 

Richard,  204. 
Roxburgh  castle,  63,  65,  69. 
Royal  arms  in  churches,  117,  380. 
Ruckby,  Nicholas  de,  227. 
Rudd,  William,  293. 

Rue,  F.lias  de,  26  ;   Robert  de,  26,  104,  179,  206. 
Rumes',  John,  seneschal  to  the  bishop  of  Durham,  42. 
Russell,  .Sir  Francis,  94,  150,  270. 
Russell  and  Ward,  crown  grantees  in  Bruomlcy,  150. 
Rutter,  Lowther,  236  ;  William,  90. 
Ryal   (Ryhill,    Riel),    85,    363,    369,    370   (see    Mount 

Ryall)  ;  Joan  de,  225  ;   William  de,  144,  225,  255. 

S. 

Sabraon,  Alice,  148,  149  ;   Nicholas,  148,  149. 
Saddler,  Thomas,  208. 
.Saddyng,  Robert,  191. 

St.  Albans  abbey,  20,  103,  104  ;  Simon,  abbot  of,  104. 
St.  Germans,  de  (St.  Jerman),  Hugh,  26  ;  Robert,   159, 

182,  183,  254;  Roger,   104,  254. 
St.  Giles  (Egidius),  Adam  de,  314. 
St.  Helen's  chapel,  alleged  site  within  the  township  of 

Stocksfield,  261. 
St.  John,  J.  S.,  clerk,  minister  of  Newton-hall,  129. 
St.  Michael's  chapet,  155. 
St.  Peter,  Ralph  de,  183. 
St.  Pol,  Mary,  countess  of,  71,  74. 
Salecok,  William  de,  186. 
Salisbury  (Salisburia),  John   de,   treasurer  of   Extter, 

104. 
Salmon,   Ann,   374;    John,    231,  358,   359,    360,    375; 

Thomas,  374. 
Salomon,  parson  of  Bywell,  104,  112,  122. 
Salter   and  Williams,  crown    grantees  of  Winnos-hill, 

219  ;  in  Emiey  and  Apperley,  347. 
Salvin,  Gerald,  216  ;  monumental  inscription,  247. 
Sanative    wells    at    Acton    and     Unthank,    341  ;     at 

Dukesfield,  373. 
Sanderson,  Barbara,  172,  174;  Clara,  174;  Elizabeth, 

17Z  ;  George,  172,  174  ;  John,  205,  367  ;  particulars 

of  estate,  171  ;  will,  174  ;  Joseph,  363  ;  Mary,  382  ; 

Thomas,    171,   364;    William,  136,    153,   171,    172, 

174,  205,  35S,  364,  367  ;    inventory  of,  171  ;  widow, 

35S. 
Sanderson  of  Healey,  pedigree,  173. 
Saunder  (Sander),  Robert,  155,  156,  157  ;  William,  156. 
Saunders,  Richard,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 
Sayer,  Doctor,  3S1. 
Scaldacres,  250. 
Scales  Cross,  202. 


INDEX. 


411 


Schillingdon      (Schilyngdon),      116,      117,     250.      &<r 

Shildon  Moor. 
Schutz,  Charles,  236. 
Scopyn,  Elias,  268. 
'Scotland,'  363. 
Scotl,   Ilalele,  minister  o(  Shotley,   309  ;  James,  267  ; 

Richard,  191. 
Scottish  invasions  and  raids  in  1174,  p.  28;  in  1296, 
p.  64;  between  1299  and  1335,  p.  74;  in  1327, 
p.  317;  in  1341,  p.  70;  in  1344,  p.  70;  in  1346, 
pp.  70,  75,  227,  263  ;  circa  1390,  pp.  238,  264,  280  ; 
■n  15431  P-  353  ;  '"  ■644.  PP-  '26,  139. 
Scurfield,  Ralph,  135. 

Scurr,  Jonathan  and  Mary  Ann,  369,  370. 
Scurueton,  William  de,  90. 
'  Scyief,'  a  personal  name,  119. 
Seaton,  85  ;    Seaton  Panns,  288. 
Seaton    (Setun,   Sedtun),   William    de,    280 ;    Edmund 

(Aedmund)  de,  26,  1C4. 
Seaton,  division  of,  26. 

Selby,  Agnes,  194;  Cuthbert,  194,  195;  Dorothy,  217; 
Charles,  175,  215;  Edward,  194;  Elizabeth,  194; 
George,  159;  Isabel,  194;  John,  194,  195; 
John  de,  371  ;  Jane,  194,  215  ;  Lancelot,  194,  195  ; 
Miirgaret,  194;  Ralph,  194:  Richard,  194;  Robert, 
194;  Thomas,  194,  285. 
Selby's  Close,  284. 
*  Selfodes,'  145. 

Sesselio,  Reginald, rector  of  Middlelon  in  Teesdale,  52. 
Sessinghope  (Cessinghope,   etc.),   227,   228,   229,  232, 
234i  263,  314.  3'5.  352,  354.  357-      •^^  addenda  et 
corrigenda. 
Seymour  (Seymor),  Ralph,  115. 

Shackleton,   Ann,    374  ;     Eleanor,    374  ;    Jane,    374  ; 
John,  359,  374,  375  ;    Margaret,  374;    Roger,  374  ; 
Samuel,  374  ;  William,  374. 
Shafto,     James,    239  ;     John,    384  ;      Ranold    and    his 

children,  170,  171  ;  William,  84,  139. 
Shanaldi,  a  north  Tyne  fugitive,  74. 
Shap,  alleged  to  be  the   mother  house  of  Blanchland, 

326. 
Shaplay,  Thomas,  125. 
Shapyn,  Thomas,  280. 
Sharp-Naters,  J.  G.,  140. 

Sharparrow       (Sharpeharowe,      Sharper,      Sharprowe, 
Shearprowe,  Sharperowe,  etc.),  James,   265  ;    John, 
265,   269,   270,   271,  272;    Robert,    147,   151,   152; 
William,  147,  150,  151,  152,  153. 
Sharper,  William,  152,  153. 
Shaw-house,  12S. 
Shell,  Henry,  273. 


Sheraton  (Schorowtun),  William  de,  146. 
Shield-hall  (Chelys),  account  of,  368-370  ;  the  tower, 
368  ;  lands  forfeited  by  John  Swinburn,  368  ; 
leased  to  Edward  Ferrers,  368  ;  and  granted  to 
Eldred  and  Whitmore,  369  ;  acquired  by  the 
Herons,  369 ;  purchased  by  George  Baynes, 
370  ;  incidental  notices,  357,  359,  360,  363,  366. 
Shields  (Scheles,  Schelis),  Robert  de  le,  350  ;  Juliana 

del,  366. 
Shields  (Schelde-schaw),  353. 
Shield  (Sheyll),  George,  281  ;  Hugh,  notice  of,  267  ; 

John,  267,  361  ;  Margaret,  239. 
Shield  of    Newcastle    and    Broomhaugh,    monimrental 

inscriptions,  247. 
Shilden  (Childen),  323,  325  ;  lead  mines,  340,  341. 
Shilden  meeting-house,  341. 
Shildon-hill  cam]i,  4,  S8. 
Shildon-moor,  early  mention  of,  1 15  256  ;  enclosure  and 

division,  101-102,  252. 
Shilford    (Shelford,    Shelforthe,   Sheldeford,    etc.),   S3, 
226,  262,    263,    264,    265,    266,    267,    300 ;    burnt 
and  destroyed  by  Scots,  227,  263. 
Shirburn,  Walter  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St,  Peter,  112. 
Short,  Henry,  195. 
Shortflat,  85,  96  ;  sale  of,  100. 
Short-moor,  359. 

Shotley   Low  Quarter,    278-311;    acreage  and   census 
return,    278 ;     enumeration    of    homesteads,    278  ; 
medieval   owners   and   tenants,    278-281  j    subsidy 
rolls,    279,  280  ;    Unthank  and  Birkenside  muster 
rolls,   281  ;    tenants  in   1570,   281-282;    tenants  in 
1608,  283-284  ;  crown  grantees,  284  ;  proprietors  in 
1663,  2S4  ;    hearth  tax  roll,  2S5  ;    Maddison  family, 
285  ;  Andrews  family,  285  ;  Andrews  pedigree,  286  ; 
Wilson      pedigree,      2S7    ;       Shotley-hall,     288    ; 
Waskerly,    288;     Snods,     289;     Burn-mill,    290; 
Shotley-field,    290  ;     Bollisher,     291  ;     Panshields, 
291-292  ;     Laings-loning,     292  ;     Unthank,    293  ; 
notice  of  Hunter  the  antiquary,  292-293  ;  parsonage 
house   and    glebe   at   Unthank,    293  ;    Birkenside, 
293  ;      Black    Hedley    and    the    Port,    294-295  ; 
Hopper   family,    295  ;     Hopper     pedigree,     296  ; 
Greenhead,    and     Lough    the    sculptor,    297-298; 
Summer-field,      298   ;       Durham-field,      298-299 ; 
Eddysbridge,      299 ;       Sir      Arthur     Middleton's 
Derwentside  estates,  299-302  ;    house-bote  and  hay- 
bote,  300,  301  ;    corf  and  chisel  rods,  302  ;  Shotley- 
bridge  sword-makers,  302-303  ;   door-head  inscrip- 
tion, 303;    incidental  notices,  226,  228,  229,    231, 
250,    262,    263,   324  ;    burnt    and  destroyed  by  the 
Scots,  227,  263. 


4i2 


IVDEX. 


Shotley  church,  glche,  293;  accoiini  of,  304-311; 
appropriation,  2+1,  304,  313;  struciiire,  304,  305, 
307;  visitations,  305,  306,  311;  Hopper  monu- 
ment, 307  ;  monumeiital  inscriptions,  30S,  309  ;  list 
of  ministers,  309  ;  curious  matrimonial  suit,  309- 
310;  registers,  310  ;  miscellanea,  31 1  ;  new  church 
at  Snod's  Edge,  311. 

Shotley  High  Quarter.      -SVt^  Blanchlam'. 

Shotley-shire,  278. 

Shotley-bridge,  83,  231,  zSj. 

Shotley-hall,  288. 

Shotley-field,  83,  231,  278,  285,  290-291. 

Shotley-mill,  granted  to  Blanchland,  314. 

Shotley  (Shotlegh),  Thomas  de,  164. 

Silksvvorth,  .'\gnes,  192  ;  William  de,  191,  192,  197. 

Sillick,  Miss,  owner  of  lands  in  Slaley,  363. 

Silvertop,  Albert,  2J4  ;  will  of,  217  ;  Bridget,  will  of, 
217;  Colonel  Charles,  217;  Francis  S.,  230; 
George,  175,  196,  212,  214,  218,  230,  231,  293  ; 
John,  214,  218  ;  will  of,  217  ;  Joseph,  will  of,  217  ; 
Mary,  will  of,  217  ;  William,  will  of,  217. 

Silvertop  of  Minsteracres,  pedigree,  215. 

Silvertop  arms,  215. 

Silvingdene,  314. 

Simon,  Robert,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  102,  114. 

Simondburn,  advowson  of,  62,  63  ;   mill,  316. 

Simpson,  George,  102,  141,  142,  353  ;  Elizabeth,  239  : 
John,  142,  252,281  ;  Margaret,  102;  Robert,  102  ; 
vicar  of  Bywell,  Warkworlh,  etc.,  248  ;  Rowland, 
209,  281;  Thomas,  171,  343,  344;  curate  at 
Shotley,  309,  310  ;   William,  242. 

Singleton,  Archdeacon,  report  of  Shotley,  306 ;  of 
Blanchland,  339  ;  of  Slaley,  380. 

Sissehaugh,  301. 

Sisson,  William,  clerk,  minister  uf  Slaley,  363,  382. 

Skelton,  John,  91  ;  Nicholas  de,  91,  146  ;  Robert  de, 
146. 

Skipton  (Skypton),  Robert  de,  350. 

Skottowe,  Thomas,  341. 

Slaley  parish,  account  of,  34S-384  ;  area  and  census 
returns,  34S  ;  owned  by  de  Slaveley  family,  34S- 
351  ;  church  given  to  Hexham  priory,  349  ;  ancient 
charters,  350;  owned  by  Kellawe  family,  351  ; 
subsidy  roll  of  1296,  351, ■  bishop  Kellawc's 
indulgence,  352  ;  subsidy  roll  of  1336,  352  ;  manor 
in  hands  of  the  Nevills,  352  ;  lands  of  prior  and 
convent  in  1479,  353  ;  muster  roll  of  1538,  353  ; 
harried  by  Liddesdale  thieves,  353  ;  forfeited  by 
earl  of  Westmorland,  354;  survey  of  1570,  354; 
survey   of    160S,   354357;     crown    grantees,    357; 


hearth  tax  roll  of  1665,  358  ;  freeholders  in  1710, 
■7'6,  1723.  '734.  '748  and  1774,  358-359; 
cnclosuie  and  ilivision  of  Bolbec  common, 
list  of  allottees  in  Slaley,  359  ;  pedigrees  of 
Teasdale  of  Slaley,  360,  361,  363  ;  evidences  to 
pedigrees,  362 ;  present  owners,  363  ;  pedigree  of 
Mowbray  of  Slaley  and  Mortimer,  364  ;  Carr  wills, 
365  ;  Wooley,  366  ;  Shield-hall,  368  ;  Dukesfield, 
370  ;  Steelhall,  373  ;  pedigree  of  Teasdale  of 
Stcelhall,  and  evidences,  374  ;  Colpitts,  375  ; 
Blackburn,  375  ;  Todburn  Steel,  376  ;  Marleycoat 
Walls,  376  ;  Merchenley,  377  ;    Slaley  church,  379. 

Slaley  (Slavly,  Slavelei,  etc.),  incidental  notices, 
83,  85,  225,  227,  229,  231,  263,  314. 

Slaley  church,  account  of,  379-384  ;  church  granted 
to  prior  and  convent  of  Hexham,  349,  379  ;  rebuilt 
1312,  3S0  ;  bishop  Kellawe's  indulgence,  352, 
380;  described  by  archdeacon  Singleton  in  1828, 
380;  monumental  inscriptions,  380;  list  of 
ministers,  381  ;  extracts  from  parish  register,  382  ; 
miscellanea,  383. 

Slaley  greaveship,  85. 

Slaley  mill,  350,  351,  352. 

Slaley  wood-foot,  231,  358. 

Slaley  (de  Slaveley,  etc.),  Alice,  349  ;  Gilbert  (Wiberl), 
348,  349,  373,  379  ;  Gilbert,  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 
Peter,  112  ;  John,  352,  373  ;  Matildis,  366  ;  Roger, 
203,  315,  349  ;  Robert,  349  ;  Waldeve,  351  ;  Walter, 
349  ;    William,  225,   349,   350,   351,   366. 

Slater,  John,  157,  194;  Henry,  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 
Andrew,  249. 

Sleigh,  John,  minister  of  Shotley,  38 1. 

Smales  (Smale),  Henry,  161  ;  William,  279. 

Smart,  Thomas,  273. 

Smart-rake,  S3. 

Smelt,  Cornelius,  237  ;    Frances,  237. 

Smelting-sike,  345. 

Smiliburn,  254. 

Smith  (Smyth),  Agnes,  299  ;  Anthony  of  Iviston, 
293;  Ann,  211,  296;  Cuthbert,  211,  289; 
Christopher,  194  ;  minister  of  Shotley,  309  ; 
Edward,  269;  Henry,  35S  ;  John,  209,  211,  273; 
minister  of  Slaley,  38 1  ;  Joseph,  minister  of  Slaley, 
382;  Margaret,  211  ;  Mark,  361;  Michael,  211, 
230,  231;  Ralph,  194,  211,  231,276;  Richard, 
273  ;  Robert,  147,  211,  213,  293,  299  :  of  Loosing- 
hill,  293;  Stephen,  153,  205;  William,  159,243, 
24S,  265,  266,281;  Thomas,  102. 

Smith  family  of  Snowsgreen  and  Riding,  211,  276; 
monumenial  inscription,  247. 


INDEX. 


4t3 


Sneap,  2,  300. 

Snods,    account    of,    2S9-290  ;     inciJi-mal    notices,    85, 

231,  278,  281,  283,  2S5. 
Snods-edge,  St.  John's  church  at,  311. 
Snodspole  rawe  (Snods  and  Hole  raw  r),  83. 
Snowball,  Anthony,  2S2,  284  ;  Thomas,  157,  210. 
Snows  Green,  zii. 

Solet,  Alan,  350,  351. 
So'umson,  John,  209. 
Soukye    and    Gunson,    crown    grantees    of    lands    in 

Whittonstall,  200  ;  of  Riding  corn-mill,  270. 
Southwick  (Suthayk),  Gilbert  de,  115. 
Sowerby  manor,  61,  62. 
Spain,  Michael,  126. 
Spence-hall  in  Bywell,  328. 
Spencer,  Robert,  157. 
Spiriden  (Spiryden,  Spirden,  etc.),  226,  127,  228,  229, 

232,  238,  263,  264,  280,  300  ;  attempted  identifica- 
tion of,  234. 

Spiriden  (de    Spyreden),    Alan,    234  ;   Christina,  234  ; 

William,  131. 
Spital-croft,  191. 
Spragon,  Henry,    vicar    of    Bywell  St.    Andrew,    241, 

247 ;     William,   abbot    of    Blanchland,    322,    323, 

324. 
Spring,  Sir  Henry  le,  seal  of,  46. 
Spring-house,  363. 
Springman,  Harriet,  253. 
Spruse,  George,  195. 
Spurn,  Gilbert,  207. 
Stace,  G.  H.,  127. 
Stainbank,  John,  285. 
Staindrop,  363. 
Stainton  (Staynton),   1  8,  20,  21,  324  ;    John    de,  abbut 

of  Blanchland,  316,  324, 
Stanifordham  (St.infordham),  256  ;     lidward  de,  104; 

Rann',  clerk  of,  27. 
Stamp    (Stampt),    John,   329;    vicar   of    Bywell     St. 

Andrew,  91,  247  ;  Richard,  204. 
Sfandingstone    (Standandestane),    116,    1S4,    195,    314, 

315- 
Stanhope,  Richard,  115. 

Stanhope  park,  the  Scottish  camp  at,  320,  321. 
Stanley,  Lucretia,  345. 
Stapleton,  Ann,  193  ;   William,  193. 
Staward  peel,  74. 

Stedman,  Reginald,  minister  of  Shotley,  309. 
Steel,  John,  358. 
Steel-hall  (Steel),  in    Slaley,  account  of,   373-375  ;  in 

possession  of  the  de  Slaveleys,  373  ;    granted  to  the 


prior  and  convent  of  Hexham,  373  ;  in  the 
possession  of  George  Baker  and  of  the  Teasdales, 
373  ;  Teasdale  pedigree  and  evidences,  374  ; 
incidental  notices,  83,  231,  273,  352,  355,  356,  358, 
359,  360,  363,  364,  365. 

Stelling  TOWNSHII',  137-143  ;  area  and  census  returns, 
137  ;  manor  given  to  Hexham  by  Bernard  Baliol, 
137  ;  subsidy  roll,  137  ;  survey  of  1479,  138  ;  held 
by  Sir  Adamar  de  Athol,  138;  muster  roll,  13S; 
crown  lessees  and  grantees,  139;  Henry  Hinde's 
goods  impressed  by  troops,  139;  modern  owners, 
140;  devised  to  John  Hodgson-Hind,  140  ;  Hinde 
pedigree,  140  ;  Hinde  evidences,  142-143  ;  inci- 
dental notices,  14,  85. 

Slelling  (Stellig),  Richard  de,  27. 

Stephenson  (Stevenson,  Steavenson),  George,  359  ; 
John,  212  ;  John  Hall,  231,  292  ;  Ralph,  195  ; 
Robert,  minister   of   Newton-hall,  129;    Rowland, 

344,  355- 

Stevens,  Mary,  136;  William,  136. 

Stewart,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Andrew,  248. 

Stirk,  Adam,  146. 

Stobart  (Stobbeid,  Stobbertt,  etc.),  Ann,  12S;  Charles, 
158;  Edmund,  151,  152;  Edward,  153  ;  Emanuel, 
158  ;  George,  157,  15S,  i65  ;  Matthew,  147,  150, 
151,  152;  Richard,  158,  i65  ;  Thomas,  158; 
William,  269. 

Stobbs,  Jane,  231. 

Stochisburne,  254. 

Stockdale,  .'\nn,  257  ;   William,  257. 

Stockhill,  Robert,  271. 

Stocks  erected,  118,  330. 

Stocksfield  TOWNSHIP,  254-261  ;  acreage  and  census 
returns,  254  ;  a  memlier  of  the  barony  of  Baliol, 
254 ;  Stocksfield  family,  254-255  ;  subsidy  roll, 
255  ;  lands  forfeited  by  Henry  de  Normanvill,  256  ; 
estate  of  prior  and  convent  of  Hexham,  256;  muster 
roll,  256  ;  Newton  pedigree,  257  ;  evidences,  258  ; 
connection  of  Newton  family  with  Bywell  fishery, 
259  ;  manor  sold  to  Joseph  Ledgard,  259,  and  to 
William  Fenwick,  260  ;  pedigree  of  Surtees,  260  ; 
Surtees's  estate  sold  to  William  Fenwick,  261  ;  St. 
Helen's  chapel,  alleged  site  of,  261  ;  will  of  Robert 
Surtees,  261  ;  incidental  notices,  14,  83,  85,  87, 
225. 

Stocksfield  (de  Stokesfeld,  Stockisfelde,  Stocefehlt), 
Adam,  19,  71,  89,  255  ;  Elias  (Helias),  144,  159, 
182,  183,  185,  202,  255  ;  Emma,  202  ;  Gilbert,  71, 
89,  204,  255;  John,  19,  131,  255;  Lawrence,  131  ; 
Robert,  204. 


4>4 


INDEK. 


Stockton,  William  Je,  vicar  of  BywtU  St.  Amliew,  247. 

Stokell,  RoliLTt,  271. 

Stokesley,  church  and  manor,  19,  20,  40;  Raynard  de, 

23  ;  Vitalis  de,  20. 
Stokoe,     George,     25S  ;    John,     -jSi  ;    Haiuiah,     581; 

William,   381. 
Stoney-bnrn  (Stany-burn,  etc.),  34^i  377,  378- 
Stoneyburn  (Slanyhurn),  Robert  de,  352,   366  ;  Walter 

de,  367. 
Storey,    George     of    Sturton-grange,    173  ;     William, 

284. 
Straker,  Henry,  276. 
Strang,  Thomas.  R.,  253. 
Strathmore,  Earl  of,  260. 
Strother,  Alan  del,   146  ;   William,  minister  of  Slaley, 

3°9- 
Strothers    (Black    Strothers,    Strolher-dales,  Strother- 
burn,  Slrother-foot),  231,   344,   348,   355,  356,   357, 

358,  359.  36°.  3''3.  365.  r4- 
Stryvelyn,  Dame  Barnaba,    132  ;    Uame   Jacoba,    132, 

280  ;  Sir  John,  132,   280,  343. 
Stuart,  Mary,  217. 
Stuteville    (de    Estouteville),    Alianor,     52,     71,     255  ; 

John,  190,  191,  255  ;  Sir  Robert,  19,  28,  29,  52,  71, 

255- 

Styford  TOWNSHir,  232-23S  ;  area  and  census  returns, 
232  ;  leased  to  John  Swinburne  of  Chopvvell,  232; 
to  Sir  John  Forster,  232;  Braithwaite  and  Bromley, 
the  crown  grantees,  232  ;  ancient  chapel,  225, 
-33.  2+>.  3°4.  3i3i  314;  the  house,  233;  estate 
held  by  the  Forsters  and  the  Bacons,  233 ; 
Forster  family  and  will  of  John  Forster,  233  ;  Lord 
and  Lady  Crewe,  234  ;  attempted  identification  of 
Spiryden,  234;  Spyriden  subsidy  roll,  1296,  234; 
Bacon  of  Staward,  pedigree,  235  ;  Bacon  of  Isle 
of  Man,  pedigree,  237  ;  the  chapel  and  tithes 
appropriated  to  Blanchland,  313,  314. 

Styford  manor  and  vill,  83,  131,  221,  225,  228, 
229,  264;  burnt  and  destroyed  by  Scots,  227,  263. 
See  Bolbec  barony. 

Styford,  Wielardus,  parson  of,  31;. 

Styford-hall,  description  of,  233. 

Suffolk,  earl  of,  233. 

Summer-field,  231,  278  ;  account  of,  29S. 

Surtees,  Agnes,  204;  Anne,  161,  273;  Anthony,  115, 
166,  205,  212,  276;  Aubone,  160;  Christopher, 
259;  Crosier,  163  ;  Cuthbert,  115,  260,  261,  293  ; 
Edward,  160,  162,  273  ;  Isabella,  275  ;  Jane, 
163,  204;  Jimes,  261  ;  John,  154,  158,  160,  161, 
162,   166,    194,  196,   204;    George,   102,    115,    160, 


204,  20.^  ;  Margaret,  20.;  ;  Mary,  127,  201;,  261  ; 
Richard,  194,  204,  205,  210  ;  Ralph,  194  ;  Robert 
Edward,  163;  Robert,  102,  158,  160,  i5i,  162, 
163,  166,  196,  205,  212,  231,  257,  2(io,  261, 
275,  276,  37s,  382;  Sarah,  i^;?;  Thomas,  196; 
William,  lis,  '95.  ^OS.  -'°.  -60;  Walker,  118, 
260,   261  ;    Robert   Smith,   166. 

Surtees  (le  Surreis),  Ralph,  182. 

Surtees  (super  Teise,  super  Teisam),  Ralph,  104  ; 
William,  179. 

Surtees  of  Stocksfield-hall,  pedigree,  260. 

Sutton.  Alan  de,  206,  207. 

Swalwell  of  Great  Whittington,  290  ;  Thomas,  curate 
of  Brancepeth,  200 ;  Miles,  vicar  of  Bywell  St. 
Peter,  113. 

Swangs,  363,  375. 

Sweetheart  abbey,  foundation  of,  50. 

Swinburne  East,  John  de,  38. 

Swinburne  (de  Swniburne),  Sir  -Adam,  131,  132; 
Alexander,  213;  Barnaba,  132;  Christopher,  2S1  ; 
Gawain,  139,213:  George,  138;  Gilbert,  120,  121, 
242,  326;  James,  213;  John  (Sir  John),  82,  86, 
120,  124,  133,  153,  156,  186,  189,  198,  205,  209, 
210,  213,  229,  241,  247,  2S1,  282,  295,  326,  327, 
346,  354,  364.  367,  36S,  37',  376,  379;  Margaret, 
213  ;  Mary,  296  ;  Richard,  S3,  170,  212,  213,  364  ; 
will  of,  213;  Roger,  213;  Thomas,  83,  138,  139, 
284,  295 ;  Sir  Thomas,  death  and  will,  329 ; 
William,  99,  212,  213,  214. 

Swinburne  of  Minsteracres,  pedigree,  213. 

Sword  making  at  Shotley,  account  of,  302-303  ;  houses 
of  German  sword  makers,  303. 

Swyncote-leche,  116. 

Swynbury,  Christopher,  281. 

Syde,  Matilda  de  la,  159. 


Tarentum,  Margaret,  Princess  of,  70. 

Taylor  (Taillour,  Taler,  etc.),  Agnes,  92  ;  Anthony, 
153;  Andrew,  150,  151,  152,  265;  Arthur, 
157;  Cuthbert,  195;  David,  presented  to  Bywell 
St.  Andrew,  241,  247;  Edward,  153;  Elizabeth, 
153;  Henry,  273;  James,  91,  93,  94,  95; 
John,  91,  95,  153,  269,  270,  27:,  281;  Margaret, 
153  ;  Nicholas,  281  ;  Robert,  92,  156,  157,  271,  284, 
285,  299  ;  parish  clerk  of  Shotley,  marriage  suit, 
309  ;  I  homas,  94,  96,  125,  155,  347,  363  ;  William, 
92,  151,  152,  153,  156,  158,  265;  Messrs.,  298; 
Doctor,  'visitor'  of  Blanchland,  323. 

Teasdale  of  Siaiey,  pedigrees,  360,  361,  363. 


INDEX. 


415 


Teasdale  evidences  :  will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  (1636), 
362  ;  will  of  Thomas  Teasdale  (1652),  362  ;  will 
of  Thomas  Teasdale  (1669),  362  ;  will  of  Richard 
Teasdale  (1685),  362  ;  inventory  of  Richard 
Teasdale  (1686),  362  ;  tuition  of  Richard 
Teasdale's  children  (1685),  362;  will  of  Fewster 
Teasdale  (1787),  362;  will  of  Thomas  Teasdale 
(1820),  362;  will  of  John  Teasdale  (1828),  362; 
will  of  Isaac  Teasdale  (1730),  363  ;  will  of  Thomas 
Teasdale  (1721),  374;  will  of  Thomas  Teasdak 
(1723),  374  ;  will  of  Jane  Caward  (1728),  374. 

Teasdale  (de  Tesdale,  Thesedale,  Theasedale,  etc.), 
Abraham,  363;  Agnes,  362;  Alan,  182,  181;; 
Alexander,  281  ;  Alice,  375  ;  Ann,  374 ;  Ann 
Elizabeth,  362  ;  Alice,  375  ;  Cuthbert,  362,  363  ; 
Dorothy,  362  ;  Elizabeth,  381  ;  Elizabeth,  347, 
362,  381;  Esther,  273,  374;  Fewster,  231,  359, 
362;  Francis,  362;  George,  354,  355,  356,  357; 
Gerard,  362;  Isaac,  362,  363;  Jane  (Janet),  362; 
John,  281,  329,  358,  359,  362,  363,  375,  376  ;  monu- 
mental inscription,  381  ;  John  Carr,  363  ;  Joseph, 
117,  362;  Lancelot,  355,  362;  Mabel,  362; 
Margaret,  375  ;  monumental  inscription,  381  ; 
Mary,  362,  364,  374,  382  ;  monumental  inscription, 
381  ;  Matthew,  281  ;  Middleton,  235,  363  ; 
Michael,  347;  Nicholas,  359,  362;  Richard,  81;, 
209,  231,  281,  354,  356,  358,  359,  362;  monu- 
mental inscription,  381  ;  Richard  Burow,  362  ; 
Robert,  210,  362,  37s  ;  Samuel,  358,  359,  374,  375  ; 
Sarah,  362  ;  Susan,  362;  Thomas,  153,  231,  273, 
343.  3+7,  35.5,  35^,  359,  360,  362,  363,  364,  374, 
375,  3^',  382,  384;  monumental  inscription, 
381 ;  Thomasin,  monumental  inscription,  381  ; 
William,  362,  381  ;  widow,  358. 

Teisedale,  Alan  de,  182. 

Tempest,  John,  242. 

Teschemaker,  Catherine  Isabella,  237  ;  John,  237. 

Thew,  Edward,  361  ;  John,  113,  239. 

Thirkeld,  Taylor,  235. 

Thirlwell,  Anne,  382. 

Thocklington,  359. 

Thomlinson,  Robert,  346. 

Thompson,  Andrew,  35S  ;  Edward,  minister  of  Slaley, 
381;  George,  269,  270,  271  ;  Hugh,  281;  Jane, 
239;  John,  91,  92,  95,  157,  253;  Matthew, 
358;  Nicholas,  194;  Robert,  281;  minister  of 
Shotley,  310;  Stephen,  85,  166;  William,  150,  151, 
152,  194,  281,  362  ;  chaplain  of  Slaley,  3S1. 

Thombrough,  226,  227,  229,  234,  263  ;  John  de, 
144.' 

Thornen-knoll,  353. 


Thornton,  124,  121;,  222,  250. 

Thornton    (de   Thornton),  Henry,   383  ;     Isabel,  300, 

343;    James,    243,    384;     John,    242,    243,     384; 

Nicholas,    168  ;     Roger,   300,   343  ;    Thomas,  242  ; 

Walter,   59. 
Thorp,  Charles,  clerk,  minister  of  Blanchland,  338. 
Throckley  (Throkelaue),  Ralph  de,  180, 
Through-deane-wood,  83. 
Thurkilleby,  sir  Roger  de,  186. 
Thurkilles-riding,  203. 
Tillelai  (Tylleloy),  Hugh  de,  26,  40. 
Timber-growing,  profits  of,  169. 
Todburn  steel,  231,  359,  363  ;  account  of,  376. 
Todd    (Tod),    Gilbert,    370 ;     Thomas,    92,    vicar  of 

Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 
Todlees,  356. 
Toft-hill,  130. 

Togston  (Toggesden),  Roger  de,  350. 
Tomlin,  Charles,  127. 
Toppin   (Toppyng),   John,   minister   of  Slaley,    381  ; 

Thomas,  canon  of  Blanchland,  323. 
Totty,  Thomas,  350. 
Towbrigg,  George,  ii;3. 
Trainel  (Traine'),  Warren,  122,  179. 
'  Travellers'  Rest,'  verses  on  signboard,  348. 
Trevelyan,  Thornton  R.,  363. 
Tritlington  (Tirtelingtone),  John  de,  315. 
Troutbeck  (Robert),  clerk,  153. 
Trygill  (Trygill-burn),  34S,  363,  375. 
Tunge,  22;,  314,  315. 
'  TtinstaU\  explanation  of  the  name,  176. 
Turnbull  (Trumble),  Edward  T.,  361  ;  Jacob,  102. 
Turneham,  Stephen  de,  33. 
Turner,  Andrew,  minister  of  Slaley,  381. 
Turnour,    Lady    Catherine,    236 ;     Sir    Charles,    98  ; 

Edward  (earl  of  Winterton),  236. 
Turpin  (Turpyn),  Richard,  189  ;  William,  207. 
'  Tute-thorn,'  190,  195. 
Tyew,  Adam,  118. 
Tyndale  thieves,  83. 
Tyndale,     Bartholomew,     366  ;     John,    366  ;     Robert, 

366  ;  Thomas,  366,   367  ;    William  (Sir  William), 

186,  350,  366,  367. 
Tynemouth  (Thynemue)  church,  46  ;  prior  of,  45. 
Tynemouth,   vicar   of,    pension    out   of   Slaley  tithes, 

383. 
Tynemouth  priory  obtains  the  churches  of  Bywell  and 

Edlingham,  103,  104. 
Tynemouth  (Thinem'),  Stephen,  vicar  of,  184. 
Tynyng,  William,  133. 
Tyson  (Tysum),  Alan,  278  ;   Richard,  i86. 


4i6 


INDEX. 


V. 

Uglilred,  Sir  Thomas,  69. 

Ukkefheued,  250. 

Ulecoles,  Philip  de,  52,  ;;;,  54,  55,  104. 

Ulesto,  iMIiion,  chaplain  of,  ic;i;. 

I'llesby  (de  UUesby),  John,  90,  191. 

IJmframville  (de  Umfreville),  Gilbert,  214,  2150;  John 

Brand,  261  ;     Jordan,   122  ;    Odnell,   28,   29,    122; 

Richard,  33,  223,  315. 
Uncouth,  Adam,  191. 
Unihank  (Hunthanck,  \'nthanz),  account  of,  292-293  ; 

muster  roll,    281  ;    glebe,  29;  ;    incidental  notices, 

83,    109,    159,    187,   190,    195,   208,  209.  210,  212, 

22s,  231,  27S,  285. 
Unttint,  William,  90. 
Upsetlington-on-Tweed,  56,  57. 
Urpeth,  William  de,  280, 
Usher,    Agnes,    264,   265,   269,   270,   271  ;    Cuthbert, 

150,  151,  ii;2,  281;  ;  George,  i^i,  152,  :6o  ;  Henry, 
265;  Elizabeth,  266;  Isabel,  156,  157;   John,  150, 

151,  156,  210,  264,  266,  267,  273,  284,  285,  302  ; 
Miles,  205  ;  Oswald,  155,  156,  157,  160;  Ranold, 
I2S  ;  Roger,  125;  Thomas,  136,  137,  151,  265, 
266,  267,  273  ;  William,  15S. 

V. 

Valence  (de  Valentia),  Agnes  de,   51,  71,  73,  89,  207  ; 

Adomar    (Earl     of     Pembroke),    71,    74  ;      Mary 

(Countess  of  Pembroke),    71,    74;    William   (Earl 

of  Pembroke),  51,  73. 
Vane,  Sir  Henry,  214. 
Varey,  Elizabeth,  273,  274,  374  ;  Esther,  273,  274,  374  ; 

John,  273  ;  Joseph,  273  ;  William,  273,  274,  374. 
Varey  pedigree,  275. 
Vaux  (de  Vallibus,   Vaus),   Adam,   192  ;    Alan,    192  ; 

John,  155,  186,  18S,  1S9,  190,  192,  193  ;   Peter,  104. 
Vazie,  Elizabeth,   167  ;    Jane,   167  ;  Robert,  230,  231, 

298,  360  ;  William,  167.     See  Vesey. 
Verrer,  Walter  le,  109. 

Vesey  (de  Vesci),  Eustace,  34,  315  ;  William,  2S,  226. 
Vetriponte,  Robert  de,  36. 
Veysey,  J.,  clerk,  237. 
Vi,  Henry  de,  144. 
Vicars,  George,  361. 
Viewly,  346. 
Vipond,  EZlizabeth,  287. 

Virgin  Mary's  girdle  venerated  at  Blanchland,  323. 
'  F)«/""«,'  meaning  of,  178. 


W. 

Wade,  Anne,  wife  of  Charles,  382;    Robert,  355,  356. 

Wadescroft,  353. 

Wagstaff,  John,  clerk,  minister  of  Whittonst.ill,  202. 

Wagtail,  345. 

Wailes,   John    of   Shilbotlle   atul    Mel. Ion,    253,    254  ; 

William  of  Shilbottle,  253. 
Wailes     of     Bearle,      pedigree,      253;      monumental 

inscriptions,  iii. 
Wake,    Ralph,    267 ;     Thomas,    lord,    marshal    of   the 

English  army  in  1327,  31S. 
Walays,  Henry,  mayor  of  Berwick,  74. 
Waldie,  John,  175;  George,  175. 
Walkelin,  the  deacon,  314. 
Walkelin   (Walkelyn,    Wauclyne),    Robert,    206,    207, 

208,  350,  366. 
Walker,  Anthony,  285  ;    Cuthbert,  i8i  ;    Isabella,  282, 

283  ;    John,   147,  281,    282,    283  ;     Gilbert,    204  ; 

Humphrey,     283 ;     Henry,     287  ;     Joshua,     287  ; 

Rowland,   283  ;    Samuel,  287  ;  Thomas,   286,   287, 

290,  291,  309  ;  William,  147,  281  ;  T.  B.,  205. 
Wall,  359  ;  Jane,  153. 
Waller,  William,  353. 
Wallis   (Wallas,   Wallace),    Henry,    210;     Mr.,    160; 

Richard,     minister    of     Blanchland,     338  ;      Mrs. 

Robert,    158  ;    Thomas,  359  ;    William,    158,    166, 

359- 
Wallish-wall  (Wallege),  231,    278  ;    account    of,    300- 

302. 
Wallsfield-head,  231. 
Walter,  parson  of  By  well,  104,  112. 
Walton  (Whalton),  Mary,  iSS,  297  ;    Michael,  85,  152, 

265,  344;  Thomas,  288. 
Walton-Wilson,  J.  W.,  28S,  289,  290,  291,  292,  296. 
Wanless,  Robert,  284,  285,  293. 
Ward,  Cuthbert,  195,  285  ;  Edward,  99,  281  ;  George, 

242,  296,    347;    Jane,    253,    297;     Job,   231,    347; 

John,  156,    270,    326,  359  ;    his   house  at    Shilden 

licensed  for  worship  of  Protestant  dissenters,  341 ; 

crown    lessees  in  Dukesfield,   371  ;    Michael,    285  ; 

Robert,    282,    283,    297,   328,   329,   362  ;    William, 

253. 
Ward   and     Morgan,  crown   grantees    of    Bywell    St. 

Andrew  rectory,  242. 
Ward  and  Povey,  holders  of  monastic  lands   in  Slaley, 

358- 
Wardle  (de  Wardale),  John,  147;   Roger,  197. 
Warin  (Waryn),  Adam,  207  ;  .\Ian,  206. 
Wark  in  Tindale  manor,  55,  61,  62. 


INDEX. 


4ir 


Warkar,  Robert,  146. 

Warkworth   (de  Werkworth),  Robert,  vicar  of  Bywell 

St.  Andrew,  247. 
Warsopp,  Ralph  de,  of  Durham,  316. 
'  Wascellum,'  meaning  of,  17S. 
Washington,  John,  sacrist  of  Durham,  322, 
Waskerley,  83,  85,   179,   226,  231,  27S,  279,  280,  282, 

283,  285  ;  account  of,  288-289. 
Waskerley,  Simon  de,  90. 
Wassingle,  Walter  de,  47. 
Wastell,  Bacon,  173  ;  Henry,  235,  236. 
Wathemanhope,  325. 
Watson,  Beresford,    143  ;    Christopher,    363  ;  Edward, 

358;    Elizabeth,    260;    John,    147,    209;    Joseph, 

359  ;    William,   of  North    Seaton,    143  ;     William, 

minister  of  Shotley,  309. 
Wattsfield  (Wattesfeud,  Wattsgreen,  etc.),  265,  270,  325. 
Wear,  WiUiam,  363,  375. 
Weatherley,  George,  205  ;  Nicholas,  205. 
Weddell,  William,  231,  306. 
Wedge-green,  231. 
Weetwood,  226. 
Welch,  T.  C,  clerk,  237. 
Weld,  E.  J.,  216. 
Welley,  Christopher,  156. 
Wellingmoor,  138,  139. 
VVellum,  Thomas  de,  350. 
Welton  (de  Weltedene,  Welden,  etc.),  10 1,  iiS  ;  Jane, 

167;     Michael,     165,     167,     249;      Richard,     119; 

Simon,  146. 
Werge,  Richard,  235. 
Werweyton,  Eustace  de,  27. 
Wesley,  John,  at  Blinchiand,  330. 
Wessington,  Sir  Walter,  351. 
Westbires',  William  de,  1S2. 
Westerdale  granted  to  Knights  Templars,  38. 
Western-byers,  231,  375. 
Westgarth,  William,  382. 
Westmorland,  earl  of,  228,  229,  264,  269,  270,  271,  272, 

281,  2S4,  295,  299,  322,   323,   343,   352,   354,   357. 

See  Nevill. 
Westmorland,  countess  of,  343,  352. 
Wharton,  William,  minister  of  Slaley,  231,  360,  381. 
Wheelbirks,  143,  152  ;  account  of,  160-162  ;  description 

of  disused  blast  furnace,   161  ;  denarius  of  Trajan' 

found,  162. 
Whelpington,  Hugh,  vicar  of,  1S4. 
Whinny-house  (Whinhouse),  195,  284,  285. 
Whitaker,  Matthew,  minister  of  Shotley,  310. 
Whitby  abbey,  grant  of  Ingleby  and  Kirkby  churches 

to,  38. 


Whitby,  Henry  de,  37. 

Whitchester,  131,  228  ;  Blanchland  abbey  lands  at,  320.- 

Whitchester  (Whitcestre),  John  de,  371  ;  Nicholas  de, 
186;  Robert  de,  104;  William  de,  371. 

White,  Elizabeth,  374  ;  George,  374  ;  Margaret,  374  ;. 
Teasdale,  231,  359,  360,  374,  375. 

White,  Stevenson  and  Perkins,  crown  grantees  in 
Acomb,  121  ;  in  Broomley,  152;  in  Farle,  198;. 
in  Newton,  134;  in  Ridley,  157  ;  in  Whittonstall, 
19S. 

Whitehouse,  363. 

White-Ieche,  300. 

Whitelees,  271. 

Whiteside,  261,  267. 

Whitfield  (Whitfeld),  Ann,  289;  Ann,  'countess'  of 
Clargill,  364;  John,  328;  Robert,  120;  Richard, 
325  ;  Thomas,  231,  364  ;  of  Clargill,  289. 

Whitland,  alias  Blanchland,  abbey  in  Carmarthenshire, 
312. 

Whitmore  and  Allan,  crown  grantees  in  Broomley,. 
Broomhaugh,  and  Riding,  265,  272. 

Whittingham,  Bridget,  215  ;   Henry,  215  ;   Mary,  215. 

Whittington,  Great  and  Little,  147,  155. 

Whittington,  St.  Michael's  chapel  near,  155. 

Whittington,  John  de,  155. 

Whittle  (Wytthil),  multure  of,  138  ;  Thomas  de,  130. 

Whittonstall  and  Newlands  TOWNSHIPS,  176-202  ; 
area  and  census  returns,  176  ;  meaning  of  name, 
177  ;  creation  and  grant  of  manor  from  Bernard 
Baliol  to  Bernard  Darrayns,  177  ;  origin  of 
Darrayns  family,  177  ;  boundaries  of  original  manor, 
178-179  ;  the  new  assart  or  Newlands,  179  ;  account 
of  Darrayns  family,  177-189;  grant  to  Serlo,  iSo- 
182;  grants  to  Milo,  1S2  ;  grant  to  St.  Mary's 
Hospital,  Newcastle,  183  ;  pilgrimage  of  William 
de  Morpeth,  185-186  ;  manor  conveyed  to  family  of 
Menevill,  186  ;  Darrayns  arms  and  pedigree,  187  ; 
seal  of  Guy  Darrayn,  1S8;  subsidy  roll,  188; 
Menevill  family,  186,  190-193;  subsidy  roll,  191;. 
Vans  raid  on  Whittonstall,  192;  Menevill  arms 
and  pedigree,  192  ;  Claxton  arms  and  pedigree, 
193;  Sir  Robert  Claxton's  co-heiresses,  193  ;  muster 
roll,  194;  sixteenth  century  tenants,  194,  195;. 
boundaries,  195  ;  chantry  lands,  195  ;  family  brawl, 
196  ;  Radcliffe  estate,  194,  196  ;  Greenwich  Hospital 
estates  sold  to  Joseph  Laycock,  197;  Fairle,  197-198. 

Whittonstall  church,  account  of,  199-202  ;  endow- 
ment, 201  ;  monumental  inscriptions,  201  ;  list  of 
ministers,  201  ;  incidental  notices,  37,  52,  23S. 

Whittonstall  mill,  181. 

Whittonstall,  tithes  of  new  assart,  104. 


Vol.  VI. 


53 


4i8 


INDEX. 


Whiitonstall  (Quictunstall),  tie,  Agnes,  182  ;    Fabian, 

182,  187,  199  ;   Milo,  iSo,  182,   183,   185,  187,  203  ; 

Robert,    182,     199  ;     Serlo,    180,     181,    182,    203  ; 

Waldeve,  188,  1S9. 
Whitwell-grange,  363. 
Wbitworth   (Witeworth),   Sir    Thomas,    knight,    ^;i; 

Stephen,  rector  of,  46. 
Whole-row,  282,  283,  300. 
Whorlton  in  Cleveland,  castle  and  barony,  32. 
'Widdrington,  Agnes,  170,  171,  239,  248  ;   Barbara,  239  ; 

Barnaba,    192;     Elizabeth,     170,     173,     174,    239; 

Felice,  193  ;    Edward,  125  ;    James,  170,  171  ;   John 

(Sir    John),    147,    170,     171,    239  ;      Lewis,    371  ; 

Margaret,  170;    Ralph  (Sir  Ralph),  172,  173,  174, 

'93.  ^77;     Roger,    125,    165,   187,   192,    214,    346; 

Robert,  171,  239,  354,  357,  371  ;    Sir  Thomas,  358, 

371,  375  ;  William,  172,  173,  174. 
Widenes,  313. 

Wielardus,  Ralph,  son  of,  122. 
Wilkinson,  Anthony,  210,  364;   Barbara,    173  ;   Cuth- 

beri,    147  ;     Edward,    264,   265  ;     Elizabeth,     364; 

George,  85,   194,  219,  328  ;     Henry,  341  ;    James, 

166  ;  John,  85,  95,  133,  134,  210,  219,  283,  2S4,  2S5, 

289,    292,    295,    371  ;     Mary,    217  ;    Michael,    329  ; 

Robert,    166,    194,    329  ;     Thomas,    85  ;     vicar   of 

Bywell  St.  Peter,  113  ;  William,  133,  173,  273. 
William,  the  archdeacon,  104. 
Willis,  R.  G.,  curate  at  Shotley,  310. 
Willy,  John,  146,  363  ;   Richard,  194. 
Wilson,  Alexander,  96  ;  Ann,  128,  288  ;  Benjamin,  167  ; 

Dionis,  252  ;  Edward,  285  ;  George,  128,  329,  361  ; 

Hugh,  285  ;  Jacob  (Sir  Jacob),  267,  276,  287  ;  John, 

287,   288  ;    John   W.  Walton,  see  Walton-Wilson  ; 

Joseph,  276  ;  Matthew,  minister  of  Slaley,  362,  381  ; 

Robert,  267  ;    Robert  Wetherall,  clerk,  minister  of 

Shotley,   310  ;  Thomas,  160,  287,  288,  296. 
AVilson  of  Shotley  and  Riding-mill,  pedigree,  2S7. 
Winchester,  Marchioness  of,  286, 
Winnoshill    (WenhauU),    83;    account    of,    219-220; 

crown  grantees,  219;    Quaker  burial  ground,  220; 

George  Fox  on  Derwentside,  220;    a  prototype  of 

Dandie  Dinmont,  220. 
Winship,  George,  95  ;    Henry,   102,   142  ;    Mary,  275  ; 

Ruhannah,   136;   Taylor,   137;    William,  120,136, 

142  ;  widow,  96. 
Winterton,  F.arl  of,  236. 

Wintringham,  William  de,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 
'  Witelawe,'  a  place  on  the  Border,  223. 
"Witham,  Catherine,  216,  217;  Eliza,  216;  Emma,  2i5  ; 

George,   216;    Henry  John,   216;    Thomas,  216; 

Thomas  Edward,  216  ;  William,  174,  216  ;  William 

Lawrence,  216  ;  Winefred,  216. 


Witham  Trustees,  363. 

Woderendles.     See  Espershields. 

WoUrope  close,  323,  325. 

Wolsingham,  324,  364,  365. 

Woodbiirn,  125. 

Woodfoot,  363.     See  Slaley  Woodfoot. 

Woodfall,  John,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 

Woodhorn,  18,  24,  30,  74,  85. 

Woodman  (Wodman),  Alan,  377;   Robert,  227. 

Woodmas     (VVoodmore,    Woodmurre),    Thomas,    195, 

284,  285,  291. 
Woodside  in  Redesdale,  324. 
Woody  field  in  Teesdale,  315. 
Woolley  (Wllawe,  WoUawe,  etc.),  account  of,  366-367; 

subsidy  roll  of  1296,  366;  ancient  charters,  366;  in 

possession  of  John   Swinburne  of  Chopwell,    367  ; 

will  of  John  Hourd,  367;  Sanderson  of  Healey  and 

Radcliffe  of  Dilston,  successive  owners,  367 ;    rent 

charge      payable     to     Colston    almshouses,     368; 

incidental  notices,  83,   208,  231,    363;    Henry  de, 

366  ;  Thomas  de,  366. 
Wopers,  Shotley-bridge  sword  makers,  302,  303. 
Worcester,  Roger,  bishop,  103,  104. 
Wright,  Edward,  147;  John,  216,  217  ;    Richard,  147. 
Wrightson,    George,    minister    of   Whittonstall,    202 ; 

Isabella,  96,  99,  154;    H.  B.,  154,   158;    Matthew, 

minister   of   Shotley,     309  ;    and   of    Slaley,    381  ; 

William,  96,  99,  154,  166,  174,  381. 
Wulward-hope  (Wilward-hope),  314. 
Wybir'   (Wyberis,    Wybj-r),    Robert,    192;     William, 

184,  1S6. 
Wygot.  William,  185. 
Wylam    (de   Wylome),    Cecilia,    208;    William,    208. 

See  Wellum. 
Wylde,  John,  93,  94,  95  ;  William,  263. 
AVyndbourne,  William,  229. 
Wynsheleye,  S3. 
Wyntay,  Richard,  366. 
Wyseman,  Elias,  son  of,  26S. 
Wysman,  Thomas,  263. 

Y. 

Yapton-house,  364. 

Yetland,  John  de,  226. 

Yetham,  Nicholas  de,  350. 

Yole-land,  301. 

York,  Clement,  abbot  of,  21  ;  Savaric,  abbot  of,  23  ; 
William,  abbot  of,  52;  Robert,  dean  of,  103  ;  St. 
Mary's  abbey,  20,  21,  23,  27,  30,  38,  52. 

Young  (Yong),  Ann,  charity  at  Shotley,  311  ;  Chris- 
topher of  Newcastle,  M.D.,  345  ;  John,  95  ; 
Matthew,  92,  95. 

Younger  (Yunger),George,l26  ;  John,  252  ;  Roger,  134. 

Yssop,  William,  vicar  of  Bywell  St.  Peter,  113. 


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