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THE LIBRARY

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HISTORY

NORTHUMBERLAND

ISSUED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF

THE NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY HISTORY

COMMITTEE

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY ANDREW REID & COMPANY, LIMITED

LONDON
SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON KENT & COMPANY, LIMITED

1909

History of Northumberland

VOLUME IX

The Parochial Chapelries

Earsdon and Horton

By H. H. E. CRASTER, M.A.,

FELLOW OF ALL SOULS COLLEGE, OXFORD

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY ANDREW REID & COMPANY, LIMITED

LONDON

SIMPKIN, iNIARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT & COMPANY, LIMITED

1909

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE
ANDREW REID & COMPANY, LIMITED, PRINTING COURT BUILDINGS

6 TO
PREFACE.

The reasons inducing the Committee to devote their attention to the
extreme south-eastern portion of the county are set out in the preface to
the eighth volume. That volume was originally intended to comprise the
history of the ancient and undivided parish of Tynemouth, extending from
the mouth of the Tyne to the mouth of the Blyth. An unexpected
abundance of material derived from the Public Record Office, the muni-
ments of the Duke of Northumberland, and private collections, made it
necessary to depart from the original project and to divide the work.
Accordingly the Committee determined to withhold the account of the
ancient chapelry of Earsdon, and did this with the greater readiness,
inasmuch as a rich treasure of historical information regarding Seaton
Delaval, the most prominent township in the chapelry, existed in the
Delaval muniments of the Marquis of Waterford preserved at Ford castle.

This plan was adopted, and, after mature consideration of alternatives,
it was decided to add to the account of Earsdon a description of the
ancient chapelry of Horton. It is true that the history of this latter
district has already been told by the Rev. John Hodgson in the History
which forms the starting-point of the present series. That historian, how-
ever, had not access to the Delaval manuscripts, which have enabled the
story of the manor and township of Horton to be retold with greater
fulness. Moreover, it was impossible to give any satisfactory account of
the busy seaport of Blyth if Horton chapelry had not been included, for
one half of the town stands within its confines:

Judged by outward appearance, a more uninteresting district can

scarcely be found in the county. Any natural beauty that it may have

once possessed has, in the course of the last century, been well nigh

destroved bv working the rich coal seams that underlie its surface. It has

but one beautiful feature left — the glorious stretch of white and yellow

sands that borders the North vSea.

773574

VI PREFACE.

The district was once inhabited by a considerable number of resident
gentry, chief of whom were the Delavals of Seaton Delaval, and it is still
broken up into a large number of estates, but very few of the proprietors
are resident. To many readers the history of the fortunes of the house
of Delaval, enshrined in local legend and folklore, will be found the most
attractive feature of the volume, although the history of the castle and
demesne of Horton, which have for many generations belonged to the
same family, will richly repay perusal. The student of industrial conditions
and of the expansion of commerce will study Mr. T. E. Forster's chapters
on the coal-field printed in the previous volume but partially covering the
present ground, and the additional chapters in the present volume on
mining in Cowpen and on the Bedlington Ironworks.

The majority of the pedigrees have been prepared by Mr. J. C.
Hodgson, with the generous assistance of Mr. H. M. Wood, who has made
complete transcripts of the parish registers of Earsdon and Horton, of
Mr. Edwin Dodds, who lent his genealogical extracts from the Newcastle
Conrant, and of Mr. H. R. Leighton and Mr. J. J. Howe. Information
has also been given by Mr. Farnham Burke, Somerset Herald, from docu-
ments in his official custody and private possession.

Mr, W. H. Knowles has again contributed architectural descriptions
and plans of ancient buildings, etc., and Mr. Parker Brewis, Mr. S. S. Carr,
3Ir. R. C. Clephan and Dr. W. Allan Sturges have contributed notes on
prehistoric and medieval remains. The detailed description of the Roman
objects known as the Backworth Find has been given by Professor Haver-
field. Notices of the non-established churches at Blyth have been supplied
by Mr. Maberly Phillips.

For the index, always an invaluable adjunct to a work of this descrip-
tion, the Committee are indebted to Lady Morton, who has prepared it
with assistance from Mrs. F. E. Allhusen and Miss B. M. Craster.

Drawings have been specially made for the volume by Mr. R. J. S.
Bertram and Mr. W. H. Charlton ; Mr. Robert Spence has permitted use

PREFACE. VU

to be made of sketches by his late father, Mr. C. J. Spence ; and blocks
have been lent by the Royal Archaeological Institute. Besides writing
the articles mentioned above and reading the proofs, Mr. T. E. Forster
has contributed liberally to the cost of illustrations.

It is the duty of the Committee, as well as their pleasure, to put on
record their great obligation to the various landowners who, without
reservation, have placed their muniments and collection of papers at their
disposal, viz. : to the Duke of Northumberland, to the Marquis of Water-
ford, to Viscount Ridley, to the Anderson trustees, the Blake trustees,
the Cowpen Coal Company, the Mansel trustees, Mr. R. G. Mortimer,
Mr. Henry Sidney, Mr. Charles Straker, and the Thoroton and Croft
trustees.

They are also indebted to the Dean and Chapter of Durham, the
Newcastle Society of Antiquaries, the Rev. Edward Arkless, vicar of
Earsdon, the Rev. H. P. Cutter, vicar of Horton, Mr. J. B. Lazenby,
Registrar to the Consistory Court of Durham, Mr. Stephen Sanderson,
Clerk of the Peace of Northumberland, Mr. J. Easton, Secretary of the
Blyth Harbour Commissioners, Messrs. Griffith, the Directors of the
Scottish Widows Life Assurance Association, Messrs. Lloyds Bank,
Messrs. Arnold and Took, Messrs. Clayton and Gibson, Messrs. Criddle
and Criddle, Messrs. Gibson, Pybus and Pybus, Messrs. Leadbitter and
Harvey, and Messrs. May, How and Chilver for access to documents in
their custody.

Mr. George Grey has laid the Committee under a special obligation by
giving full facilities for the inspection of the Ford castle muniments.

Mr. W. W. Tomlinson, Mr. H. Drummond, and several other residents
of the district have imparted information on points connected with the
locality and have read proofs of various portions of the volume.

CONTENTS.

Preface ...

List of Illustratio.vs

List of Committee

Addenda et Corrigenda

Introduction

E.\RSDON CHAPELRY.

Earsdon Township ...

St. Alban's Chapel
Backworth Township
Burradon Township
Seghill Township
Holywell Township
Hartley Township ...

The Delaval Moiety

The Middleton Moiety

Hartley in the Sixteenth Century

Seaton Sluice ...
Seaton Delaval Township

History of the Delaval Family

Seaton Delaval Hall

The Chantry of Our Lady

Seaton Delaval Manor
Newsham Township ...

MORTON CHAPELRY.

Introduction

Collieries and the Coal Trade

Horton Township

HoRTON Chapel
East Hartford and West Hartford Townships
Bebside Township

Bedlington Ironworks
Cowpen Township

The Monastic Lands

The Freeholders' Moiety

Cowpen in the Sixteenth Century

Devolution of Properties
Blyth

Blyth Chapel ...

Non-Established Churches

Modern Blyth...

APPENDICES.

Appendix I.
Appendix II. .
Appendix III.
Appendix IV.
Appendix V.
Index

page.

xi
I

2
14
25

43
53

95
100
102
117
125
'33
'35
177
182
190
202

--j
243
274
283
292
298
302
309
314
322
328
348
362
364
367

373
372
2,73
373
37A
375

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE.

Seaton Delaval Hall ... ... ... ... ... ••• frontispiece

Map ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ••. ■•■ I

Articles from the Backworth Fiiul ... ... ... ... 27, 28, 29, 30, 31

Burradon Tower ... ... ... ... ... ■•. ... 46, 47

Fireplace in Burradon Tower ... ... ... ... ... ... 48

Axe-hammer found at Seghill ... ... ... ... ... ... 53

Seghill Pele, Plan ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 57

The Old Hall at Holywell ... ... ... ... ... ... 93

Hartley Village ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 95

Seal of Gilbert de Middleton ... ... ... ... ... ... 109

Plate I. — The Dene at Seaton Sluice ... ... ... ... ... 120

Seaton Sluice, Entrance ... ... ... ... ... ... 126

„ „ the Cut ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 129

„ „ from the Sea ... ... ... ... ... ... 131

Seaton Lodge ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ••• 161

Delaval Seals ... ... ... ... ... ••• ... •■■ 165, 166

Seaton Delaval Chapel, Interior ... ... ... ... ... ... 183

Effigies... ... ... ... 184, 185

,, „ „ Armorial Shields ... ... ... ... ... 186

Plate II.— Map of Castle Ward ... ... ... ... ... ... 224

Plate III.— „ „ „ Key ... ... ... ... ... 224

Cowpen Colliery Office... ... ... ... ... ... ... 235

Plate IV.— Map to illustrate the History of Coal Mining in Horton Chapelry ... 240

Stikelawe Seals ... ... ... ... ... ... 248, 253, 254

Horton Pele ... ... ... ■■• ... -■ •■■ ... 257

Plate v.— Seals of the Lords of Horton ... ... ... ... ... 272

Horton Chapel, Architectural Details ... ... ... ... ... 275

Bedlington Ironworks ... ... ... ... ... •■■ ■■. 301

Cowpen Grove, Doorway ... ... ... ... .- ... ... 303

Bronze Rapier from the River Blyth ... ... ... ■■• ... 305

Cowpen, Plan of Township ... ... ... ... ..- ... ... 308

,, House ... ... ... ... ... •■ ... 336

Hall 338

Plate VI.— Plan of Blyth ... ..r ... ... ... ... 348

Blyth, Chart of Harbour, 1693 ... ... ... ... ... ... 356

„ Link-end ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 358

„ Lighthouse ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 359

„ from the East, circa 1S20 ... ... ... ... ... 361

„ St. Cuthbert's and Ridley Arms ... ... ... ... ... 363

„ Staiths ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 371

HISTORY OF NORTHUMBERLAND.

Issued Under the Direction of the Northumberland County History Committee.

COMMITTEE.

The Duke of Northumberl.^nd, K.G.

The Earl of Tankerville.

David Askew, Esq.

Kennett C. Baylev, Esq., M.A.

Edward Bateson, Esq.

Robert Blair, Esq., F.S.A.

William Brown, Esq., F.S.A.

F. W. Dendy, Esq.

Rev. William Greenwell, D.C.L., F.R.S., F.S.A.

Richard Oliver Heslop, Esq., M.A., F.S.A.

Thomas Hodgkin, Esq., D.C.L., F.S.A.

John Crawford Hodgson, Esq., M..^., F.S.A.

John George Hodgson, Esq.

W. H. Knowles, Esq., F.S.A.

Richard Welford, Esq., M.A.

Humphrey John Willyams, Esq.

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.

Page 7. Barker and Purvis pedigree. Diana Jane, eldest daughter of Charles Dalston Purvis by his
second marriage, died in infancy, gth October, 1803. Purvis papers.

Page 12. Fenwick pedigree. Nicholas Fenwick and .Sarah Winship, married 28th October, 1694.
The following are the dates of baptism of their children : Thomas Fenwick, 28th
November, 1695 ; Nicholas Fenwick, nth August, 1698 ; Robert Fenwick, 23rd October,
1700; William Fenwick, 26th March, 1702 ; Matthew Fenwick, 21st June, 1706 ; John
Fenwick, 27th May, 1708; Margaret, 14th August, 1712. St. Andrew's Registers,
Newcastle. Jane, widow of Robert Fenwick above mentioned, died 6th October, 1749,
aged 47, and was buried in Bath abbey. Thomas Fenwick above mentioned had issue,
besides Thomas and Hannah named in the text, a daughter Sarah, baptised loth
September, 1729; Hannah Fenwick was baptised 14th December, 1731. St. Andrew's
Registers, Newcastle.

Page 16, Visitations, add ' 1620, July 5th. Oflice against John Hindemers and others for not payeing
there sessments due to there parishe church of Tinmouth, as auncyently the parishioners
within the chaplerie of Earsden have and ought to doe. Durham Visitation Boolis.'

Page 22, line 22. This oral tradition finds some sort of confirmation in the record of an office, dated
July 5th, 1620, against John Hedley, Margaret his wife, and Edward Harklesse, for witch-
craft or sorcery, which they alleged they had learned of Mr Thomas Lyons, late curate at
Earsdon. Durham Visitation Books.

Page 41. Grey pedigree. Ralph Grey and Barbara, widow of Sheffield Calverley, w-ere married at St.
Nicholas', Newcastle, 6th February, 1625/6.

Page 52. Ogle pedigree. John Ogle of Bradford married Dorothy Browne, widow ; bond of marriage,
1 8th April, 1670.

Page 66. Mitford pedigree, table I. Dorothy Mitford married John Proctor, 19th December, 1642.
Her brother, Thomas Mitford of Heaton, married Mary Anderson, loth March, 1652/3.
Their eldest son, Michael Mitford, was baptised 12th November, 1655. They also had
issue three sons and two daughters, namely, Henry, baptised i8th April, 1657 ; Robert,
baptised i8th January, 1661/2 ; Cuthbert, baptised 2Sth February, 1663/4 ; Elizabeth,
baptised nth July, 1665; and Jane, baptised i6th July, 1667. All Saints' Register,
Newcastle. Christopher Mitford of Newcastle was baptised at All Saints', 6th February,
1685/6 (not 30th January, as stated in the text), and died 4th February, 1748/9. Northern
Notes and Queries, p. 206. His sister, Diana Watson, was baptised i8th September,
1688, not 13th September, as stated in the te.xt.

Page 68. Mitford pedigree, table II. Mary, daughter of Robert Mitford of Newcastle, married at St.
Nicholas', 2Sth January, 16S9/90, Thomas Emerson, merchant, and left issue. MS. pedi-
gree in the Carr MS., Newcastle Free Library. Her brothers, Ralph Mitford and Lionel
Mitford, were respectively baptised 15th May, 1652, and 17th February, 1659/60. John
Mitford, another brother, was buried 21st May, 1680. St. Nicholas' Registers, Newcastle.
Page 87. Bates pedigree, table I. Dorothy, wife of Adam Middleton, was buried at All Saints',
Newcastle, 29th April, 1658. Her niece Mary, daughter of Ralph Bates of Halliwell I.,
married William Errington of Walwick Grange. Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii.
vol. iii. p. 415. .-Xnne Shafto, widow of Ralph Bates of Halliwell II., was buried at
Washington, co. Durham, 12th December, J721. Thomas Bates of Halliwell and West-
minster died 2nd July, 1734, not 19th June, as stated in the text. See Gentleman's
Magazine, 1734, p. 391.
Page n6. Heton pedigree. Joan, wife of Thomas de Heton, was daughter and co-heir of Robert
Clifford of Ellingham. De Banco Rolls, No. 552, m. 98. Her grand-daughter, Elizabeth
Parke, was living, a second time a widow, in 1442. 34//; Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 23S.

Xll ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.

Page 145. Whitchester pedigree. John de Wliitchester took Alice Delaval as his second wife {De Banco
Rolls, No. 647, m. 214), and appears to have been dead at the time that she succeeded to
her brother's estates. His grandson, Sir Wilham de Whitchester, was already dead in
1422 (ibid.).

Page 146, hne 24. Consequent upon this suit, in 1409, Roger Fulthorp and Ehzabeth his wife, widow of
William Whitchester, senior, sued Sir William Whitchester, junior, on a writ of dower for
one-third of the manor of Dukesfield and two-thirds of the manors of Seaton Delaval,
Dissington and Callerton. The defendant denied the claim to Dukesfield but admitted the
plaintiffs' right to the other manors (De Banco Rolls, No. 593, m. 337 d). Judgment was
given for the plaintiffs, but Fulthorp had subsequently to sue in the Court of Chancery for
its enforcement (Early Chancery Proceedings, bundle 3, No. 145). Inasmuch as Joan
Goldesburgh was seised of one-third of the manors of Seaton Delaval, Dissington and
Callerton (Early Chancery Proceedings, bundle 5, No. 96), it follows that Sir William
Whitchester, junior, held no Delaval estates except those recovered by him in 1408,
namely, Dukesfield, Brandon, and a moiety of Biddleston.

Page 165, line S,/^ 'Melton Mowbray' read 'Melton Constable'. Line S,/or 'thirteenth' read 'twenty-
first'.

Page 16S. Delaval pedigree, table I. Sir Robert Delaval of Newsham married Idonia, and had a son,
William Delaval, who was living in 1374. De Banco Rolls, No. 453, m. 422 d.

Page 208, last line. For the purposes of her case. Dame Elizabeth Burcester admitted the validity of the
settlement made by Sir Robert Delaval the elder. This, however, was open to question.
The grant of a moiety of the manor made by Sir Henry Delaval to his son. Sir Hugh
Delaval (see page 206), is stated to have been in tail, and, if that were so. Sir Robert
Delaval had only power to dispose of the remaining moiety. On this ground Sir Henry
Delaval II. laid claim to the entailed moiety in 1374 against his uncle. Sir Robert Delaval,
junior (De Banco Rolls, No. 453, m. 422 d). His sister and heir. Dame Alice Manners,
renewed proceedings in 1389 against John Delaval, then tenant of Newsham and son
and heir of the former defendant (De Banco Rolls, No. 514, m. 269).

Page 209, line 14. John Widdrington, who received a grant of Newsham, can be identified with Sir
John Widdrington, sheriff of the county 1471-1474 (De Banco Rolls, No. 788, m. 379).

Page 210, line 24. Legal proceedings were initiated by Sir John Delaval in the Court of King's Bench in
1530, and were carried on there until the parties agreed to arbitration. A record of the
proceedings is given in Common Rolls, No. 100, m. 332.

Page 216. Cramlington pedigree. Lancelot Cramlington of West Hartford and Earsdon was buried
1 8th August, 1720. Lancelot Cramlington of Earsdon, nephew of the above, married
Anne Wharrier, 29th October, 1717. His son, Henry Cramlington of Birling, was baptised
19th November, 1722. Besides the children noted in the pedigree, Lancelot Cramlington,
junior, had a daughter Margaret, baptised 7th August, 1720, and buried 30th June, 1721
(All Saints' Register, Newcastle). The date of the death of Anne, first wife of William
Cramlington of St. Anne's, is January ist, 1764.

Page 341, note 4. The dates of baptism of the children of Peter Potts by Ann Fenwick his wife are :
Fenwick Potts, 6th December, 1684 ; Peter Potts, 27th June, 1695 [buried 19th August,
1734]; Robert Potts, 27th June, 1695; John Potts, 14th March, 1697/8; Dorothy,
6th May, 1683; Elizabeth, 25th April, 1686, buried nth November, 1688; Ann, 27th
October, 1687, buried 8th May, 1691 ; Jane, 23rd May, i68g ; Mary, 12th February,
1690/1 ; Ann, 26th February, 1692/3. St. John's Registers, Newcastle.

HORTHUMBLRHHD COUNTY HISTORY VOI^IX

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History of Northumberland.

EARSDON AND HORTON^

'X'HE district proposed to be treated in this volume includes the two
chapelries of Earsdon and Horton. Earsdon chapel was formerly
dependent upon the parish church of Tynemouth, described in the previous
volume ; Horton long retained its connexion with the church of Woodhorn,
from which it is separated by the intervening district of Bedlingtonshire.
The two chapelries comprise thirteen townships, of which eight fall within
the chapelry of Earsdon and five within that of Horton. They embrace
an area of about twenty-nine square miles, bounded on the north by the river
Blyth and by the sea on the east. On the west and south the boundary
is irregular and artificial. The whole may be described as a rough quad-
rangle, having for its four corners the mouth of the river Blyth, Hartford
bridge, the Holy-stone on Tynemouthshire moor, and the mouth of the
Brierdene burn, eaten into on its western limit by the township and
chapelry of Cramlington. It has an extreme length of seven and three-
quarter miles, and, at its widest part, a breadth of six miles.

As in the case of Tynemouth, industrial activity has deprived the
district of any natural beauty which it may have once possessed. Its
monotonous level stretches are for the most part only varied by pit heaps
and wagonways, and by colliery villages of one prevailing tvpe. It
is almost wholly destitute of medieval remains, and has little in it to
remind a casual observer that the investigation of its past history holds
out hope of reward. A detailed study of documentary evidence is all the
more necessary where commerce has wrought havoc with more obvious
memorials of the middle ages. Hereby it is possible to neglect the changed
landscape, or rather to rebuild it in imagination with border holds, and to
' trace the distant beginning of that industrial life which overthrew them.

Vol. IX, I

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

The chapelry of Earsdon contains the eight townships of Earsdon,
Backworth, Biirradon, Holywell, Hartley, Seaton Delaval, and Newsham
with South Blyth. Earsdon and Backworth form part of Tynemouth
manor, and Seghill anciently fell within the liberty of the prior and convent
of Tynemouth. Burradon was a member of the barony of Whalton.
Seaton Delaval formed the seat of the Delaval barony, of which Newsham
was a member ; and Holywell and Hartley, though belonging to distinct
baronies, were long attached to the fortunes of the house of Delaval.

EARSDON TOWNSHIP.

Earsdon lies between the townships of Monkseaton and Backworth.
The Brierdene burn forms its northern boundary, and Shire Moor, before it
was divided, bounded it on the south. Thompson's survey gives its acreage
as 764 acres, of which 737 were cultivable land. Later accretions on the
side of Shire Moor have increased its size to 1,062 acres. The population
in 1 901 totalled 2,898.^

Like its namesake in the chapelry of Hebburn, Earsdon takes its
name from a slight but conspicuous hill, formed by a rocky outcrop, on
which the village has been perched. The name has suffered contraction
from Erdcsdiin, under which form it appears in Henry T.'s confirmatory
grant of this and other townships to the prior and convent of Tynemouth.^

The whole township, except for two freeholds, was held by bondage
tenure. The yearly rental was computed in 1292 to be iSs. 4d. a year,
besides eighty -two quarters of barley- malt. ^ A survey carried out in
1295 showed a total of 629 acres held in bondage. This had to be
divided among seventeen bonds. Each bond took thirty -six acres, and
the remaining seventeen acres, instead of being divided among the

'Population statistics are: iSoi, 206; 1811, 215; 1821,271 ; 1831,628; 1841, 683; 1851, 551;
1861,577; 1871,603; 1881,1518; 1891,1,819; 1901,2,898.

- See vol. viii. of this work, p. 55 (13). ^ Tynemouth Chartidary, fol. 55.

EARSDON TOWNSHIP. 3

seventeen holdings, was farmed by the whole conimunitv.' A husband-
land of thirty-seven acres was inconsistent with the symmetry of manorial
arrangements.

The names of the seventeen appear in the custumal drawn up at this
time. They were : Ralph Hert, John carectarius, Roger messor, Adam son
of Roger, Roger son of Coft', John son of Thurbert, Sivvard, Humfrid,
Ralph son of Margery, Olard son of Adam, Henry Wepinman, William
son of Adam, Roger son of Asluc, Adam Ester, Robert Long, William
Manning, and William Stilir.' Their services did not differ materially
from those rendered by the bonds of Preston, but are differently set out
in the custumal and serve to elucidate some of the technical terms in which
these consuetudinaries abound.

This is the custom of Ralph Hert. On Pahii Sunday, Sd. for Wyvel-penies. At Whitsuntide, yd.
For carting from ' Merdesson,' I2d., and for heth-penies, 6d. At the feast of St. John the Baptist for
abbot's cornage, 3^d. At the great boon-work, fifteen cakes. At St. Oswyn's feast in the autumn, two
hens. At Easter, sixty eggs. At Michaehnas for Hertnes-penies, 3d. For carting from ' Merdessdon '"
at Martinmas, i2d. On St. Andrew's Day, for coventhes-penies, iid. The whole township pays
yearly for herbage, 4d., namely, at Martinmas and at Whitsuntide. At Christmas, one quarter
of oats. At the feast of St. Oswyn, in the autumn, one quarter of barley malt. He shall plough one
acre at Martinmas, and shall harrow the said acre. One tawe of scate-malt ; and those who give
scate-malt shall be remitted 2d. of coven-ethes ; that is to say, while others give lid., they shall give gd.
At the prior's will the lord prior shall have the said Ralph's plough for one day's work at the lord prior's
maintenance, namely, two ' bilminge ' loaves and one squire's loaf and two flagons at the cellarer's will.
He shall harrow with one horse at the lord prior's will. He shall cart turves from 'Merdessdon' for
three days at the feast of St. John the Baptist. In the autumn [he shall cart] for one day, which is
called Ill-lade: that is to say, he shall cart si.x 'traves' of wheat, and of other kinds of corn eight
'traves.' He shall do yearly 104 days' work at the lord prior's will. He shall do two auth-repes every
week in autumn with two men. .'^t the great boon-work he and the whole family of his house, except
his wife, [shall work] for one day.

There were two freeholders. Adam Cham paid 4s. rent, did two
authreps every week in autumn with two men, did boon- ere and boon-
harrow at Martinmas, and Neusum-lade and In-lade at harvest time.
John Madur did half of the above-mentioned services. Two cottagers,
named Roger Faber and Agnes Manning, did each three days' works in the
autumn, and paid respectively I2d. and 6d. rent for their cottages.'

' Tyneiiiouth Cliavtiilary, fol. 7 b.

-The tallage roll of 1294 gives a longer list: De Roberto Herte, de relicta . . . , de Johanne
punder, de Willelmo filio Adae, de Adam filio Vlrici, de Johanne filio Th[urbert], de Henrico Wacte,
de Henrico Eyre, de Henrico Guile, de Syward de eadem, de Willelmo Cham, de Unfrid de eadem,
de Radulpho filio Margaretae, de Galfrido With, de .^sluc de eadem, de Umfrido filio Willehni,
de Rogero With, de Willelmo Eilte, de Adam Madur, de Roberto longo, de Willelmo Mannyng, de
Thurby Beg . . . , de Roberto filio Unfiidi. St. Alban's Kvgista', fol 109 b. The column of payments
is torn away.

' Tynciiiouth Chartulayy, fol. 42.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Many of the same names re-appear in the subsidy roll of 1296

Erdiston Subsidy Kom.,

1296.

s. d.

Summa l:)onor

um Robciti Hert

4 unde

regi 3 2,1

Isolde relicte

3 4

Rogeri punder

I 9

Willelmi filii Ade

3 7

Ade filii Johannis _

2 ui

Sywardi ...

4 oi

Umfridi ...

4 3l

Radulphi filii Marjorie

3 7

Galfridi Wyt

3 5

Edmundi

I ,

3 H

Rogeri Wyt

•7

3 5

Roberti Long ...

3 4

Willelmi Mannyng

3 oj

Thurby

3 oi

Summa hujus villa, £2^ 15s. ; unde domino regi, £2 6s. 9|d. [siV].'

In 1377, six bondage holdings lacked tenants and were leased in return
for an acknowledgment paid in barley-malt and oats. The remaining
eleven holdings paid the insignificant rent of 5s. io|d. Rents from cottagers,
on the other hand, had increased to i8s. 6d. There was one free tenement,
called ' Knygthes land,' paying a yearly rent of i6s."

Three more husbandry holdings had disappeared before the year 1538,
reducing the number of farms in Earsdon to eight, and these had suffered
a diminution in size. Only 216 acres of arable and meadow were to be
found where in 1295 there had been 629. On the other hand, the largely
increased common allowed pasture to each tenant for six oxen, two cattle,
twenty sheep, and three horses, besides his twenty-six acres of arable and
one acre of meadow. The rent paid for a farm was twenty shillings in
money, and four quarters of barley and two quarters of oats paid in kind,
besides ten pence for the tithe of hay and two pence for pannage.'

No further change in the rural economy of the township took place
until 1649, when the eight tenants came to an agreement for the enclosure
of the common fields.

Articles concluded and agreed upon by and with the general consent of all the copyholders of
Earsdon in the county of Northumberland, at and before the division thereof, for the better regulating
every man's fall, and that controversies may for ever cease, and that the division of their lands may
unite them and their posterity in the fear of God, in neighbourly love and amicable friendship, for ever.

' Lay Stihsidy Roll, ij-.

■' Gibson, Tyncmouth, vol. i. p. 222.

■ Tyncmouth Chaiiulary, fols. 52 b and 60.

EARSDON TOWNSHIP. 5

1. All the fields thereof according to their general quantities shall be divided into such eight parts as
hereafter is expressed ; the first part to begin on the north dyke of the common lane going to the moor ;
and that eight lots be made, whereof seven blank and the eighth with the word Begin, which lot shall
begin, and so go successively about according to their course of neighbourhood to the northwards,
eastwards, southwards, and westwards, ending on the south side of the common loning ; and that these
out dykes be in sufficient repair every year before the 25th day of March.

2. That the field called the South close shall have four acres added to it, without any abatement ;
and that whoever shall fall Pauper letch, Straikes, and the best part of Filburne, shall pay every man
ten shillings a year for two years to the party whose fall shall be the .South close at Lammas, 165 1 ;
and the East field to pay ten shillings the second year also.

3. That the Bean lands and Oat lands wells being to be divided into two parts, and that these
two parts lay far from the town, there shall be added to either of these two parts or farms six acres
apiece, without any abatement ; and that the rest of the lands belonging to the said town, the
abatements being discomfited, shall be equally divided into five parts ; always provided the northmost
part of the Bean lands shall have two acres more added to the six acres, and the other part to have
half an acre more added to his si.x.

4. That any man may fallow six acres and not above in either pasture or meadow, except Pauper
letch, and that to be his own fall, and this article to continue in force till Michaelmas next.

5. That every man at Michaelmas shall enter upon his fall without contradiction, but the fogs to be
eaten in common till St. Andrew's Day.

6. Item, that it shall and may be lawfuU for ever, without any opposition or contradiction
whatsoever, for any inhabitant or their servants to go and fetch water at the well on Filburn bogg in the
East field, and peaceably return with the same, and also that they or their servants may quietly load,
drive, or carry any number of beasts or other cattle to water at the well on Filburne bogg in the scant
time of water in the winter or summer, keeping Tynemouth way as near as can be, and doing the least
prejudice as can be.

7. That whoever shall fall the first part, shall not divert or turn the descent of Oat lands wells
any other way than the usual course it now goes and hath gone formerly ; and that all other inhabitants
may have leave to water their beasts there, winter and summer, and shall at May-day every year scour up
and clear the same from any inconvenience whatsoever ; and that every man shall cast the gutter of his
hedge on [his own] side, and the sods in his own side.

8. That if it shall chance any army of horse shall quarter or depasture more in one man's ground
than another that the rest which are free at that time shall contribute to their neighbour's damages
according as two indifferent men shall adjudge reasonable, and this article to continue in force for ever.

9. That whoever shall fall the Streeches may build and repair for ever the southmost hedge of that
division at his own cost and charges, and all other partition hedges to be built and always repaired at
the half charges of each neighbouring parties, except the new dyke in the head of the East field next the
town, which the owner of that fall is to build and repair ; and likewise both sides of the common
loaning dykes to be set with quick, which are to be continually repaired for ever.

Witness our hands. Signed in the presence of

Thomas Mills. John Bailey. Bartram Saburne.

Thomas Barker. John Preston. John Gofton.

Bartram Barker. Robert Barker. Robert Arcle.'

Thomas Tweddle. John Pearson.

As in the case of Monkseaton, there has been little interference with
the boundaries of the farms since the date of their enclosure, though
several have been thrown together in the hands of a single landowner.
Earsdon North-east farm, which is now the property of the trustees of

' Uuke of Northumberland's MSS.

6 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Thomas Purvis, represents the original hinds of the Barkers of Earsdon,
with a farm held in 1649 by John Preston of Newcastle, whose daughter
and heiress, Ann Preston, married Charles Dalston of the same town.
On July 1 6th, 1741, being then 'an old man waiting his change, when,
where and how it should attend him,' Charles Dalston made his will,
bequeathing his copyhold farm at Earsdon to his daughters, Christiana
Dalston, and Ann, wife of Joseph Barker of Earsdon, to be equally divided
between them. The elder daughter subsequently married Edward Barrow
of South Blyth, but died without issue, whereupon the whole of Charles
Dalston's farm came to Christopher Barker of Earsdon.'

' Charles Dalston, son of John Dalston of Acorn bank in Westmorland (see Hodgson, North-
umberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 354), was apprenticed on August 1st, 1677, to William Huntley of
Newcastle, mercer. He was admitted free of the Merchants' Company, October 17th, 1687; was
disfranchised for disobedience to the governor of the company, January 22nd, 1730, and was restored on
August 1 8th of the same, year. On October i8th, 1687, he married, at Long Benton, .^nn, daughter of
John Preston. She was buried in Earsdon church on July 8th, 1716. He died on June 25th, 1742,
having survived all his children except two daughters ; (i) Christiana, who was baptised January
2ist, 1700/1 ; married April 2nd, 1744, Edward Barrow of South Blyth; and was buried at Earsdon,
February 6th, 1769 ; and (2) Ann, who was baptised November 14th, 1708 ; married, November 2olh,
1729, Joseph Barker of Earsdon, and was buried November 8th, 1760. Earsdon Registers, and Dendy,
Merchant Adventurers.

BARKER, AFTERWARDS PURVIS, AND SUBSEQUENTLY ATKINSON

OF EARSDON.

Christopher Barker, one of the jury of the manor of Tynemouth, 20th October, 1562 (^).

Christopher Barker held a tenement in Earsdon in 1608, by copy dated 15th October, 1599 0) ; buried 31st August, 1647 («).

Robert Barker of Earsdon, party to the division of the township of Earsdon, = Margaret, daughter of John Bayliff of

2ist November, 1649 (^) ; was rated for his lands there in 1663, and was
buried 31st iVIarch, 1681 (a).

Halliwell, married 29th July, 1645 («) ;
buried 9th September, 1680 (a).

Eleanor = Christopher Barkerof Newcastle, = Isabel John Barker of New-

buried beside
her children at
St. Andrew's,
Newcastle,
2nd Novem-
ber, 1686 («).

tanner, and of Earsdon, bap-
tised 4th April, 1650 (a) ;
admitted to tenements at
Earsdon as son and heir of his
father, 6th April, 1681 {g) ;
died 26lh, buried 29th October,
1 718, at St. Andrew's, New-
castle (a).

2nd wife,
mar. 17th
February,
1686/7 («).

castle, joiner and
freeman, a twin with
Christopher, bapt.
4th April, 1650
(3) ; buried at St.
Nicholas's, New-
castle, 6lh January,
1685/6 («). vl-

.III

James, baptised 19th August,
1655 (a).

Thomas, baptised 31st July,
1658 (a) ; buried in Ears-
don church, 14th October,
1658 (a).

Matthew, baptised 5th Sept.,
1665 (a) ; buried 24th
June, 1674 (.")■

I I I

(«)

Robert, born 27th July, 1677

[died 27th March, 1702 (a)].
Richard, born 26th October, 1679

(a) ; died 19th Nov., 1679 (a).
John, born 15th January, 1682/3 W 1

died 24th June, 1684 (a).
Jonathan, born 26th February,

1684/5 (a) ; died 20th January,

1702/3 (a).
Eleanor, born 14th January, 1680/1

(a) ; died 5th June, 16S4 (a).

Joseph Barker :
of Earsdon,
admitted to a
tenement at
Earsdon as
son and heir of
his father, 17th
October, 1720
ig) ; buried
20ih April,
1764 (a).

I I I I I

Anne, daugh- Eleanor, Elizabeth, baptised 23rd August,

terand co-heir baptised 1646(a).

of Charles 20th Dec. Eleanor, baptised 30th October,

Dalston of 1687 (a). 1659 (a) ; buried 17th Novem-

Backworth ber, 1680 (a),

and Earsdon, Margaret, baptised 24th Septem-

mar. 20th No- ber, 1662 (a); buried 30th

vember, 1 729 December, 1682 (a),

(a); buried Isabel, baptised 17th February,

8th November 1668 '9 (a) ; buried 25th Nov-

1760 (a). ember, 1679 (a).

EARSDON TOWNSHIP.

Christopher Barker of Newcastle, attorney-at-law, = Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Purvis of Horton, afterwards of Bedling-

and of Earsdon, baptised 30th May, 1732 (rt) ;
died 17th June, 1771 ; buried at Bedlington
(f/) ; will dated 23rd April, 1771 ; proved
same year (A).

ton, and heiress of her brother, Henry Purvis of Bedlington, baptised
at Horton, 29th June, 1732 ; married at Bedlington, 12th January,
1764; 'a most accomplished young lady with a fortmie of/ 5,000 ' (/() ;
died 26th March, l8ig, aged 86 (//) ; administration of her personal
estate, 23rd November, 1819 (/').

Charles Barker, ensign in the = Susannah, daughter of
Northumberland militia, bap- Meaburn Smith of Mor-

tised 14th May, 1734 («) ; was ton-house, co. Durham,

residing at Gloster-hill, 1766- by Ann Purvis, his wife,

1768, afterwards of Morton- married 3rd February,

house; bur. i6th June, 1788 (/(•). 1766 (c)-*

Joseph Barker, Anne, baptised 14th November, 1737

baptised 13th («) ; named in the will of her brother

October, 1740 Christopher (li) ; married Thomas

(a) ; died s.p.; Gowen of Shadfen, near Morpeth (/<),

buried 25th and died 15th August, 1780; buried

Nov.,i8lo(/0- at Bedlington (</).

Joseph Barker, born at Gloster-hill ; baptised 13th February, 1766 (c) ; named
in the will of Henry Purvis of Bedlington, 12th January, 1775 (_/>).

Meaburn Barker, born at Gloster-hill ;
baptised 22nd August, 1768 («).

Mary, dau.
of Robert
Surtees of
Milkwell-
burn, mar.
at Ryton,
28th May,
1789; died
at Wind-
mill-hill,
Gateshead,
15th Feb.,
1798.

Charles Dalston Barker of Newcastle, attorney,
and of Earsdon, baptised at Tynemouth, 13th
June, 1765 ; had royal licence, 29th March, 1792,
to assume the name of Purvis ; admitted to a
tenement at Earsdon as son and heir of his
father, 21st May, 1791 (^) ; died at Coxlodge,
2lst Jul}-, 1S21, aged 56 ((/) (/) ; will dated
I2th July, 1820 ; proved 1821 {/>').

Dorothy, daughter
and co-heir of Cuth-
bert Watson of
Cowpen, married at
Horton, 17th Sept.,
1800; died 7th
December, 185^,
aged 83 (/).

Dorothy Diana Purvis, heiress to her mother and, in her issue, ulti-
mately sole heiress of her father, born 3rd October, 1809 (/') ; married
at St. Andrew's, Newcastle, nth October, 1827, John Anderson of
Coxlodge ((5) ; died 23rd December, 1850 (/).

Thos. Purvis Barker =
of Bedlington, as-
sumed the name of
Purvis by royal lic-
ence in 1 789 on suc-
ceeding to the es-
tates of his maternal
uncle, Henry Purvis
of Bedlington (_/i) ;
died 2nd .Mar., 1 792
((/) ; buried at Bed-
lington ; \\ill dated
17th Nov., 1 791 ;
proved 1792 (/4).

Mary, dau.
and co-heir

of Samuel
Mitchelson
of George
Street, Edin-
burgh ; ar-
ticles before
mar., 30th
Oct., 1790
(/') ; married
at Morpeth,
1st Novem-
ber, 1790.

Thomas Purvis, barrister-at-law and O.C.,
of Earsdon ; of Trinity College, Camb.,
M.A. ; admitted to Gray's Inn, 17th
November, 1813 ; admitted free of New-
castle, 6th October, 1823 (S) ; died loth
May, 1849 (/), aged 56 ; buried in Holy
Trinity burial ground, Brompton, Middle-
sex (c) ; will dated 25th October, 1S48 ;
proved at the Prerogative Court of Canter-
bury, i8th June, 1849 (A).

I
Robert Anthony Purvis
of Newcastle, attorney-
at-law, had royal lic-
ence, 26th June, 1828,
to assume the name
of Atkinson {/i) ; re-
sided at Long Benton
and died 25th June,
1836 (/), aged 42 (c)

Anne, dau. of Thomas
Rutherford of New-
castle, and niece and
devisee of Ralph At-
kinson of Newcastle
and .Angerton, married
at St. Andrew's, New-
castle, 31st May, 182S
(i5) ; died 19th July,
i860, aged_67 (c).

Ml.

Anne Pur\'is of Plaws-
worth, born 13th
March, 1790 (/).

Elizabeth Catherine
Pur\is, born 1 2th
April, 1 791 (/).

Mary Jane Punis of
Plawsworth, died un-
married, December,
1S52.

Atkinson (a son), Jane Adelaide Atkinson, daughter and heiress, born 8th September, 1831 (c) ; baptised at Chester-
born and died 27th le-Street (/i) ; married George Christian Wilson, who by royal licence assumed the additional
November, 1829 (//}. name of .Atkinson ; died at Acton house, in Felton, loth November, 1884 (<:)•

* 2nd November, 1764, married at Edinburgh, Mr. Charles Barker of Bedlington to Mi^ Susan Smith of Murton-
house, near Houghton, a beautiful young lady with a fortune of jf 5,000. Newcastle Courant, November, 1764.

{a) Earsdon Register.

(ti) Purvis papers in the custody of Messrs.

Griffith,
(c) Monumental Inscription, Earsdon.
(i^) Monumental Inscription, Bedlington.
(f) WariuortA Registers,

(/) Matthew Forster's Obituary.
(f) Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
(li) Newcastle Courant, January, 1 764.
(z) Land Revenue Survey, 1608.
(/6) Houghton-le-Spring Registers.
(I) St John's Register, Newcastle.

On the south side of the main road, which formerly formed part of
the village green, stands a farm building covered with plaster stucco and
roofed with tiles. This used to be known as the White house, and was

8 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

the residence of the Barkers. A bold plinth, with exposed foundation
course, appears at the north-west corner, and at the angles are good stone
quoins. The gables are of wrought stones without a water-table. Two
old chamfered window heads remain in situ. To the south of the house is
an enclosed garden which no doubt formed the fore court, though now it
is separated from the old mansion, and is in the occupation of Mr. Ernest
Bell. A dwarf tower stands at its south-east angle, measuring about four-
teen feet square externally. Its interior is roughly circular and has a domed
ceiling. The walls are about three feet six inches in thickness. The
door, which is two feet six inches wide, has a stone head chamfered on the
under side in an arched form, and jambs checked for door frames. There
is a disused fireplace in the south-east angle, and remains of a window
opening are to be seen on the north side. The whole structure is of
very rude workmanship, and probably belongs to the seventeenth century,
Earsdon East farm, to the south of the Purvis property, was sold
in 1732 by Robert Bayliff of Gateshead to John Stephenson of North
Shields, rope maker. The latter devised it to his daughter, Elizabeth,
wife of James Perrin of Newcastle, who took Thomas Robinson of
Morpeth as her second husband.^ Mrs. Robinson sold the farm in 1783
to William Aynsley of Newcastle, whose trustees re-sold it in 1803 to
Peter Shield of Tynemouth. It was purchased in 1852 from Mr. Shield's
representatives by Mr. Hugh Taylor of Earsdon.

' For the Stephenson family see vol. viii. of this work, p. 268, note.
TAYLOR OF EARSDON AND OF CHIPCHASE CASTLE.

Thomas Taylor of Newburn, purchased Shilbottle-lodge in 1776; died 12th ^ Mary Nixon, married 1776 (</) ; died
February, 1810, aged 70 (a) ; will dated 19th September, 1808 ; proved 1810. I 30th March, 1818, aged 68 (a).

I
Thomas Taylor of Whitehill-point, afterwards of Cramlington ; = Eliza, daughter of John Fenwick of North Shields ;
died 14th November, 1845, aged 68 («). I died l8th July, 1845, aged 60 (<r).

1 \ \ I I I I I M

Thomas Tay- = Ann, dau. John Tay- Charles Henry ^ Agnes,daugh- Hugh Taylor, clerk in orders, born 1824 (a') ;

lor of Cram- of lor, born Taylor of ter of Philip died 1883 (</).

lington,born Cleasby. l820((/) ; Cornhill, born Nairn of Jane, married, 1846, James Morrison.

1818 ((/) ; died 1846 23rd April, Waren, mar- Eliza, mar. 1839, hercousin Thomas JohnTaylor.

died 8th' ((/). 1822; died ried at Bam- .\nne, died unmarried, 1S74.

May, 1852, i./. 13th July, burgh, 5th Mary, married, 1842, her cousin Hugh Taylor.

s.p. (il) (e). 1892. June, 1854. Hannah, married, 1848, William Cory.

Sarah, living at Humshaugh, unmarried, 1906.

EARSDON TOWNSHIP.

John Taylor = Margaret, daugh-

of Shilbottle,
died 1825,
aged 46 ; bur.
at Newcastle

ter of Thomas
Darling of Ford,
born 1784 ; died
1830 ; buried at
Newcastle (jl).

Percy, born and died 1786 (a).

Hugh Taylor of Rarsdon
and of Alnwick, born 22nd
November, 1789 («) ; died
unmarried, 30th August,
1S6S («).

Jane, born 17th November, 1782 (a); died 8th

December, 1845 («) (/■).
Anne, born gth August, 1784 («) ; died 27th

January, 1813 («).
Hannah, born 9th August, 1791 (a); died 23rd

April, 1814 («).

Thomas John Taylor of Ears- = Eliza, daughter of Thomas Taylor

don, born 1810 ; died 2nd
April, 1861.

of Cramlington, married at Long
Benton, 15th October, 1839;
died 1S40.

Charles Taylor of Sunder-
land, born 1 2th August,
1812 ; died 9th July,
1856 (<:>

Ann Eliza, only surviving child, born 1840 ; married, 1865, Edward Lowrey, and died in 1869. 4/

Ann, daughter of
William Nic-
holson of Sun-
derland, born
1816; died
15th May, 1895

Mary, daughter of Thomas
Taj'lor of Cramlington,
died 28th January, 1852;
buriedatKensal Green(^).

Hugh Taylor of Chipchase =
castle, born 1S17 ; M.P. for
Tynemouth, 1S50 and 1859;
died November, 1900.

: Jane Louisa, daugh-
ter of John White
of P'inchley, mar-
ried 1S7S.

John Taylor of Earsdon, died
unmarried, 1st February, 1879,
aged 59.

Mary, born 1815, died 1857 (/).

Hugh John Taylor,
died in London,
December, 1861,
aged 13 ((5).

Thomas Taylor of Chip- :
chase castle, born in
London, 12th Novem-
ber, 1849.

Mona, daughter of Sir G.
R. Waldie-Griffith of Hen-
dersyde, married 23rd Feb-
ruary, 1880 (rf).

Percy, died 6th February, 1878,

aged 26 (^).
Eliza Fenwick, married Sidney

Streatfield. ^^

Hugh Taylor, son and heir, born December, 1880. Thomas George Taylor, born March, 1885. Margaret. Violet Mona.

Charles Taylor of Earsdon = Henrietta, daughter of

and of Horton, Bucks,
born 7th Feb., 1844 (c).

Sir George Elliot, bart.,
died 24th October,
1903 (c).

William Nicholson Taylor, born :
1846 ; died 23rd April, 1875,
s.p.\ buried Ryhope ; will dated
14th July, 1874.

: Camilla Sophia, daughter of
William Wilson, vicar of
Ellingham; died nth June,
1904 ; buried Ryhope.

John Taylor, born 1848 ; died same year.
Hugh Taylor, born 1849 ; died 1850.

I
Thomas John Taylor of Guild-
ford, born 1851 ; living 1906.

Sarah, married Sir George William Elliot, bart
Anne Nicholson Taylor, living unmarried, 1906

Charles Taylor, = Grace

son and heir.

Timm

born iSth May,

(0-

1869 (c) ; died

July, 1897 (0-

I I I I

Ella Beatrice, married W. C. Beevor, major, Scots Guards (c).

Kathleen Elliot, mar. Leslie Renton, major, Scots Guards (c).

Alice Mary, married Philip Edward Pope, colonel, 4th
Dragoon Guards (c).

Melanie Elliot, married William Scales, captain, 8th regi-
ment (<:)■

Georgina Elliot, married Nor-
man Chalmers Hunt (c).

Henrietta (c").

Elizabeth Elliot (<:)■

Ruth Darling, died 2 1st .April,
18S8 (c). "

(«) Monumental Inscription, Newburn. (r) Ex inf. Mr. Charles Taylor.

(J>) Monumental Inscription, Chipchase. (rf) Ex inf. Mr. Thomas Taylor.

Mr. Taylor also purchased Earsdon Grange farm, which lies south-
west of the above property. This farm had been bought in 1708 by
Edward Stewart of North Shields.' It had descended to his son, Union
Stewart, and on his death, in 1736, a brother, James Stewart, succeeded.
From James Stewart it passed to his nephew and devisee, John Hall of

' For Stewart of North Shields see vol. viii. pp. 268 and 272, and for Hall of Whitley see p. 399.
Vol. IX. 2

lO EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Whitley, and so passed into the possession of Edward Hall of Whitley,
whose trustees sold it in 1793 to Robinson Wakefield of North Shields.
In 1824 it was bought from the representatives of George Wakefield,
son of the above, by Mr. Hugh Taylor. On Mr. Taylor's death in 1868,
all his landed property went to his nephew, John Taylor of Earsdon,
for life, and then to his nephews, the Rev. Hugh Taylor, rector of
Wark, and Mr. Charles Henry Taylor of Cornhill. On the termination
of that estate, Mr. Charles Taylor of the Coal Exchange, London, great-
nephew of the elder Hugh Taylor, succeeded to the property of which
he is now owner.

Earsdon Town West and Earsdon Moor Edge farms, lying west of
Earsdon Grange, became the property, in the latter part of the seven-
teenth century, of a Newcastle weaver named John Pigg, a man notorious
for his eccentricities, and for the violence or fervour of his religious
beliefs. His peculiar habits and unfortunate name united to procure him
the hatred or derision of his contemporaries. The Newcastle Company of
Bricklayers passed a special resolution 'that noe brother of the said company
shall be imployed to work by or with John Pigg." An account of the
man has been given by the anonymous biographer of Ambrose Barnes,
and is as follows :

There was one John Pigg, well known both to the king and the duke of York, and for his giddy
singularities noted not onely through the country but almost through the kingdom. He usually wore an
high crowned hat, a strait coat, and would never ride, but walk't the pace of any horse, hundreds of
miles on foot, with a quarter-staff fenced with an iron fork at one end. He was sometimes land
surveyor for the town." . . . The king and duke of York, to whom he was often trotting, made
themselves sport with him, as looking upon him to be a brain-sick enthusiast, and he was no less. . . .
He would not onely go to prison when he needed not, but he conceitedly chused the vilest part of the
prison for his apartinent, where he continued a long while when he might have had his liberty whenever
he pleased. . . . But as much of Heaven's favourite as this visionary fancyed himself, everybody knew
him to be cursedly covetous, and the end he made answered the disgrace he had thrown upon sufferings
for religion, this pig dying in his stye in circumstances not unlike those who lay hands on themselves,
or die crazy and distracted."

John Pigg purchased the farm now called Earsdon Moor Edge from
Thomas Pearson of Whitehall in the county of Durham, and on November
2 1st, 1 67 1, took a surrender of Earsdon Town West farm from Joshua
Gofton of Newcastle, plumber. He died in January, 1688/9, being buried

' Welford, History of Gosjorih, p. 24, note.

■ He was removed from this office, 'chiefly on account of his nonconformity.' Presentment of the
grand jury for the county of Northumberland, 1688 ; Proc. Soc. Aiitiq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. .\. p. 188.

' Life of Ambrose Barnes, Surt. Soc. No. 50, pp. 198-199.

EARSDON TOWNSmr. II

at St. Andrew's, Newcastle, on the 21st of that month. His will is dated
October 27th, 1688. By it he devised his whole estate in Earsdon, New-
castle, and elsewhere, to trustees, and directed that they should pay his
niece, Ann Rea, for her <T;reat care and kindness towards him, such sums as
they should think fit and convenient for her. Subject to the payment of
this legacy, the estate was to be employed for charitable purposes. The
testator directed that £^ should be paid yearly to the minister of Earsdon,
'if he be an able, godlv, and preaching minister'; if he were not, the
money was to go to the poor of the parish. Another annual sum of £s
was to be devoted to the repair of highways in Northumberland, and
the residue of the profits of the estate was to be distributed among the
deserving poor of the counties of Northumberland, Durham, and New-
castle-upon-Tyne, ' soe as ye said poore people upon whom my said charity
shall be soe bestowed be onely such as fear God and are of the protestant
religion, and have not cast themselves into poverty by their idleness nor
reduced themselves to beggarye by their own riotous prodigalitye, but are
by age, sickness or decripedness, disabled from work, or where men have
children too numerous for their worke to maintaine ; for I have always
observed, if men will not be idle, they need not want.' '

Upon Pigg's death, Ann Rea, ' whose whole life had been devoted to
the service of her uncle in the expectation of being liberally rewarded at
his death,' commenced a suit in Chancery, and procured a decree that
she should be invested with full possession of the Moor Edge farm. The
remainder of the estate continued to be held by the trustees ; but, no new
trustees being appointed, it came into the management of the last survivor,
Lancelot Cramlington, who applied the same to his own private use,^ and
it was enjoyed by his family until the year 1832, when the charity was
resettled under an order of the Court of Chancery. It was thereby ordered
that the payments to the minister of Earsdon and for the repair of the
highways should continue to be made, and that the annual residue of the
estate was to be contributed to the funds of the Newcastle infirmary for
the sick and lame of the counties of Newcastle, Durham and Northumber-
land.' The council of the infirmary has the appointment of six trustees,
who are charged with the management of the charitable funds.

' John Pigg's will was printed by \V. Fordyce in 1829 as a separate tract.

■-■ Rev. John Hodgson's Collection, Earsdon Guard-book. For the Cramlingtons see below under
Newsham. 3 Hume, Histury of the Ncuxastlc Infirmary, p. 61.

EARSDON CHAPELRV.

FENWICK OF EARSDON.

Nicholas Fenwick of Newcastle, third son of Nicholas Fenwick of ^
the same place,* was 22 years of age in July, 1688 (*•) ; admitted free
of Merchants' Company, 1 8th January, 1689 (c) ; was admitted to
lands at Earsdon, 14th April, 171 1 (/) ; purchased lands at Halli-
well ; will dated 3rd February, 1723 ; proved 1st February, 1725 ;
died 14th December, 1725, aged 62 (^).

Sarah, daughter of Thomas Winship of Newcastle,
tanner (who died 2nd September, 1695) (g) ; she
possessed copyhold lands in Backworth which she
and her husband sold, 1st March, 1706. to William
Grey of that place (/) ; died 26th March, 1732,
aged 60 (^).

Thomas Fenwick of Newcastle and of Earsdon, = Mary, daughter and CO- Nicholas Fenwick of New- = Deborah, dau.

admitted free of Merchants' Company by
patrimony, 26th November, 17 16 (f) ; was
admitted to his father's lands in Earsdon, 1 2th
Dec, I733(/) I purchased Anne Rea's lands
in Eaisdon circa 1743 ; died circa 1747 (^).

heiress of John Bowes
of Cleadon, co. Dur-
ham, married at Whit-
burn, I2th December,
1727 ; died 12th Aug.,

1759 W-

castle, admitted to Me
chants' Company by patri-
mony, 4th Aug., 1726 (^);
to whom his eldest brother
surrendered lands in Ears-
don, 1st Dec, 1735 (/).

of Abraham
Ward.

Grace, daughter and heiress, married 22nd April, 1749, Nathaniel Clayton, D.D., rector of Ingram, vicar of
Whelpington, etc. ; she died 8th March, 1786. -^

Robert Fenwick of University =
College, O.xon. ; matriculated
8th May, 1735, "ged 18 ; admit-
ted to Merchants' Company by
patrimony, 28th September,
1737 (') ' articles before mar-
riage, 14th and 15th June, 1739.

: Jane, widow of Charles
Clark of Newcastle,
and dau. of Edw.ard
Colvill of White-
house, near Gates-
head, will dated 26th
.March, 1746.

I
William Fenvi'ick, to = Ann,
whom his father dau.
gave certain lease- of
hold lands at War- Mat-
ton, Rothburj' ; thew
will dated 22nd Bell.
January, 1740.

I I I

John Fenwick, admitted free of
Merchants' Company by pat-
rimony, 9th August, 1743
(ir) ; described as of Ipswich.

Matthew Fenwick, described
as of Genoa.

Margaret, mar. Robert Ellison.

Isabella, daughter of John ^
Horsley of I?olam, married
at Bolam, nth May, 1761 ;
buried 1 6th August, 1763

Thomas Fenwick of Earsdon, :
admitted free of Merchants'
Company by patrimony, 15th
August, 1768 (f) ; died 22nd
February, 1810.

.^nne, daughter of Christopher Daw-
son of Newcastle, married at St.
John's, Newcastle, gth January,
1766 ; died nth July, 1791.

Hannah, died
unmarried, 3rd
July, 1780,
aged 48 (^).

John Fenwick, baptised nth September, 1763 (a) ; buried
14th December of same year («).

Mary, baptised 29th March, 1762
(«) ; buried 7th May, 1769 («).

Thomas Fenwick of Newcastle, son
and heir, baptised 4th December,
1766 («") ; admitted free of Mer-
chants' Company by patrimony,
14th November, 1793 (f) ; assumed
the name of Clennel by royal
licence, 31st March, 1796, on suc-
ceeding to Harbottle castle.
•I-
Clennel of Harbottle.

I
Christopher Fenwick of Earsdon
and of Newcastle, solicitor,
baptised 9th February, 1770
Ca] ; admitted free of Mer-
chants' Company by patri-
mony, 14th November, 1793 (^) ;
died at Middleton St. George,
13th December, 1847, aged 77.

Fenwick-Clennel of Harbottle.

Bowes Fenwick of
Westgate Street,
Newcastle, surgeon,
baptised 19th Feb-
ruary, 1 77 1 (a) ; ad-
mitted free of Mer-
chants' Company by
patrimony, I4lh Nov.,
1793 W ; died nth
February, l8n (^).

Mary, daugh-
ter of Hugh
Hornby, mar-
ried at All
Saints, New-
castle, 28th
Jan., 1796.

i I I i

Thomas, Thomas, William, Anne,
all died in infancy.

Mary.

I
Sarah.

I
Catherine Elizabeth.

Percival Fenwick of Prestwich Lodge and of Newcastle, attorney-at- = Elizabeth, daughter of
law, baptised iSth laniinrv. ttt? C/7'\ • nAmttt^A fro*^ /-.f \icr/-Vnnfc' Anthony Leaton of

law, baptised l8th January, 1772 (a) ; admitted free of .Merchants'
Company by patrimony, 23rd .'iugust, 1794 (f ) ; died at Shotley
Bridge, 3rd June, 1842, aged 69 ; buried at Jesmond cemetery.

Whickham, married at
Whickham, 12th July,
179S.

I
John Penwick of
North Shields,
bapt. 2nd June
1774 («)■

EARSbON TOWNSHIP.
B

I I !

Thomas William Fenwick, admitted free of Newcastle hy patrimony, 6tli May, 1829 (<•) ; of Claremont Place,

Newcastle ; died 20th April, 1852, aged 45.
Percival Anthony, died 2ist October, 1810, aged 2 years.

Percival Clennel Fenwick, lieutenant 6ist regiment, died at Deplford Barracks, 13th December, 1840, aged 25.
Bowes Fenwick, captain 44th regiment, youngest and last surviving son of Percival Fenwick, died at the storming

of Sebastopol, 18th June, 1855, aged 34.

I
Nicholas Fenwick of Dock-
wraySquare, North Shields,
attorney-at-law, baptised
5th September, 1776 («) ;
admitted free of Newcastle
by pitrimony, 23rd Octo-
ber, 1802 (£•) ; buried 1 6th
Feb., 1S4S, aged 71 (./).

Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Samuel
Hurry of Dock-
wray Square,
North Shields,
married 27th
February, 1812

William Fenwick, lieutenant- = Harriet

colonel 34th F'oot, baptised loth Woodward

November, 1777 (<?) ; admitted died 24lh

free of Newcastle by patrimony, Oct., 184;

rst June, 1814 Cc") ; fought at (Forster's

Busaco, Albuera, Vittoria, etc. ; Olntuary).
governor of Pendennis castle,
where he died, 7th July, 1832. "^

I
Sarah, baptised
l6th January,

1775 («) ;

married 7th
July, 1812,
John CoUing-
wood of Chir-
ton.

Cf. Pedigree of Fenwick of Lemington, vol. vii. of this work, p. 174.

(ji) Earsdon Register.
{]}) Tyneinoitth Register,
{c) Bell Collection, Alnwick castle.
((/) Monumental Inscription, Christ Church,
Tynemouth.

{/) Dendy, Newcastle Merchant Adventurers.
(/) Tynemouth Court Rolls and the Duke of

Northumberland's MSS.
(^) Monumental Inscription, St. Andrew's,

Newcastle.

FENWICK OF DOCKWRAY SQUARE, AND OF LONDON.

Nicholas Fenwick of North Shields, attorney-at-law, and of = Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel Hurry of Dock

Dockwray Square, a younger son of Thomas Fenwick of Earsdon,
baptised at Flarsdon, 5'h September, 1776; admitted free of
Newcastle by patrimony, 23rd October, 1802 ; buried at Christ
Church, Tynemouth, i6ih F'ebruary, 1848, aged 71.

wray Square, North Shields, married at Christ
Church, Tynemouth, 27th February, 1812 ;
died at Newcastle, 1st January, 1874, aged 88 ;
buried at Jesmond.

I
ThomasFenwickof North Shields = Jane, daughter

and of Waterville, died 17th
September, 1859, aged 40.

of Henry Dale,
married 26th
June, 1844.

Samuel F'enwick of Harley
Street, London, M.D., died
nth Dec, 1902, aged 81 ;
buried at Kensal Green.

•Amy, dau. of Bed-
ford Pirn, captain
R.N. ; mar. 1st June,
1854 ; died 1904.

Nicholas,
baptised
in 1830;

bur.1831.

I
Bedford Fenwick of Upper = Ethel, daughter of
Wimpole Street, London, David Manson

M.D., born 1855. -]/ of Elgin ; mar-

ried 1887.

Edwin Hurry = Annie, daughter
F^enwick of of John Fen-

London ; ]/ wick of Wim-
born 1856. bledon.

I I I
William.
Charles Colling-

wood.
Percival Clennel.

I I I

Three

daughters.

Mary, married at Christ Church, Tynemouth, 27th December, 1838, John Fenwick of Wimbledon, and died in 18S4.

Anne, died unmarried 13th December, 1904, aged 90.

Elizabeth, married 21st October, 1841, Adolphus Philip Harrison, and died in 1SS4.

Henrietta, baptised 1828 ; buried 1829.

Sarah, baptised 28th September, 1825 ; married, as his second wife, 31st March, 1857, Peter Dale of North Shields.

Daughters.

Percival F'enwick of North Shields.

The Moor Edge farm, which had been assigned to Ann Rea, was
surrendered on June 3rd, 1741, at the direction of her trustee, to Thomas
Fenwick of Earsdon. Thomas Fenwick was son and heir of Nicholas
Fenwick of Newcastle, who had acquired Earsdon North farm in 171 1
from Anthony Hindmarsh. The North farm descended to Grace Fenwick,
grand-daughter of Nicholas Fenwick, and wife of Dr. Nathaniel Clayton,

14 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

rector of Ingrain, and subsequently reverted to the owners of Moor Edge
farm. Both properties were sold by Christopher Fenwick in 1822 to Hugh,
third duke of Northumberland,' and are now owned by the present duke.
The third duke also purchased Earsdon West farm in 1821 from Ralph
William Grey of Backworth, as part of the Backworth estate. This farm
comprises the west pasture and Bean-lands, to which Ralph Gray of
Backworth was admitted on October 14th, 1654. A few fields in the south-
east corner of the township form part of Monkseaton farm, and were long
owned by the Mills's of that place.

On April ist, 1897, the townships of Earsdon, Murton, Backworth and
Holywell were constituted an urban district, by an order of the Local
Government Board, under the name of Earsdon Urban District. The four
constituent townships form four wards.

St. Alban's Chapel.

St. Alban's chapel at Earsdon does not occur in the list of churches
and chapels, in the gift of the prior and convent of Tynemouth, given in
Bishop's Pudsey's charter of 11 76.- It was founded, however, before
the year 1250, for in the ordination of the vicarage of Tynemouth, made
in that year, it is provided that the vicar of the mother church shall provide
a chaplain and clerk to serve daily in the chapel of Earsdon ; that he shall
find them lodging, procure wine, lights, vestments, and vessels for the chapel,
and sustain all ordinary charges.' An appeal to Durham had to be made,
on at least one occasion, to compel the vicar of Tynemouth to provide a
chaplain. The record of this appeal, made in 1363, shows that the chapelry
then comprised all the townships included within it until 1846, namely,
Earsdon, Backworth, Burradon, Seghill, Holywell, Hartley, Seaton Delaval,
and Newsham.''

' 3 Geo. IV. cap. ii.

■ See vol. viii. of this work, pp. 63, 65. The correctness of the dedication is proved by the will of
Gilbert Taylor of Halliwell, yeoman, dated December 13th, 1563, whereby the testator directs that he shall
be buried in ' ye church-yerd of St. Alban in Ersden.' Randall MSS. citing Liber Testamentorum, p. 112.

" See vol. viii., p. 125, note.

' A. Dunolmensis officiarius generalis discretis viris archidiaconi Northumbrie ofificiariis, Gilberto
filio Robert! de Tynemouth ac Willelmo Aeon, salutem. Cum nos in causa principali, que dudum coram
prefato officiario Dunolmensi vertebatur primo et postmodum coram nobis, inter parochianos de
Tynemuth incolas et inhabitatores villarum de Seton Uelavalle, Erdesdon, Hertlawe, Haliwell, Neusom,
Seighall, ISacwortli, Dacworth, et Doroudon, supra invencione unius capellani ad cclebrandum continue et
perpetue in capella de Erdesdon infra dictam parochiam constructa, ac sacramenta et sacramentalia
ecclesiastica in eadem parochianis ministrandum, ex parte una, ac dominum Johannem de Whetley,

EARSDON TOWNSHIP. 1 5

Curates or Ministers of Earsdon Church or Chapel.

1536. Richard Watson occurs as curate on December 31st, 1536, when he joined John Delaval in
taking a lease from the prior and convent of Tynemouth of the tithe offish taken at IMytli and Hartley.

1563. Thomas Castell, formerly sub-prior of Tynemouth, occurs as curate, December 13th, 1563 (a);
on October 29th, 1566, his will was exhibited for proof at Durham (6).

1577/8. Leonard Hall occurs as curate (Ecclesiastical Proceedings 0/ Bishop Barnes, p. 44).

1578. Thomas Anderson occurs as curate (ibid. p. 71) and again in February, 1582/3 (/)).

1586. Walter Denton occurs as curate (b).

1604. William Lawson occurs in the register of baptisms. May ist, 1604 (r).

1606. William Hamilton occurs as curate {a) ; buried April 4th, 1618 (c).

1620. Ralph Watson, third son of John Watson of Newcastle and Bedlington by Barbara Delaval,
his wife, admitted Easter Day, 1620 (c) ; licensed to hold the office of curate, September 22nd, 1622
(Durham Registers, Neile, fol. 51) ; buried October 13th, 1650 (r).

1654. William Henderson occurs as minister of Earsdon in the register of baptisms, August 6th,
1654 (c) ; ejected from his cure under the Act of Uniformity, 1662. 'Afterwards chaplain to Sir Ralph
Delaval, to whom he dedicated his Discourse against Conformity, which was never printed, but there are
several copies of it in private hands. I am inform'd it shows both the candor and learning of the
author, who was remarkable for both.' Calamy, Ejected Ministers, vol. ii. p. 514.

1662 (circa). Ambrose Kipling, M.A. (a), ordained deacon March, 1662 (Durham Registers, Cosins,
fol. 29), and priest September 25th, 1664 (ibid. fol. 38).

1664. John Consett, M.A., per res. Kipling; licensed October 9th (Durham Registers, Cosins, fol. Si).

1666. Joseph Dacres, B.A., of Queen's College, Oxford (e), per res. Consett ; matriculated March
i8th, 1655 (e); licensed November 8th, 1666 (Durham Registers, Cos\ns,{o\.S4); died August 31st, 1672(f).

1672 (circa). David Halsall occurs in the register of marriages, August 20th, 1674(c) ; buried in
the church, December 23rd, 1716 (c).

1716. George Lyon, post mart. Halsall. 'August 19th, 1714. At an appointed meeting of the four-
and-twenty of this parish this day upon occasion of the reverend Mr. David Halsall's being incapacitated
through infirmity to officiate, it is this day agreed, in presence of us the undenvritten, between the said
Mr. Halsall and the rev. Mr. George Lyon, that the said Mr. Lyon shall fully officiate and perform all the
divine offices in the parish during the life of the said Mr. Halsall, and for such his officiating shall
receive to his own use and uses all payments and surplice fees, whatsoever has been usually paid to the
ministers of this parish ; the said Mr. Lyon paying back to the said Mr. Halsall towards his maintenance
during Mr. Halsall's life the sum of four pounds every quarter of a year' (c). Mr. Lyon was buried at
Earsdon, April 13th, 1751 (c).

1746. Mark Ua\\ per rcsig. Lyon (a) ; died July nth, 1768 (Newcastle Courant, ]uW i6th). His son,
George Hall, became provost of Trinity College, Dublin, and was consecrated Bishop of Dromore in
iSii. William Hall, M.A., another son, was successively second master of Newcastle Grammar School
and headmaster of Haydon Bridge School.

1768. William Warkman, post mart. Hall ; licensed August 2nd (a); also curate of Cramlington :
instituted to the rectory of Ford, April 22nd, 1796.

1811. Henry Warkman, son of the above, post mart. Warkman ; minor canon and precentor of
Durham ; died March 12th, 1857, aged 74 ; buried at Earsdon (d).

perpetuum vicarium ecclesie de Tynemuth, ex alia parte ; quia invenimus dictum dominum officiarium
pro jure dictorum parochianorum ac eundem vicarium et successores suos ad inveniendum suis sumptibus
unum capellanum ydoneum ad celebrandum in dicta capella, prout actenus fieri consuevit, juxta formam
ordinacionis de dicta vicaria facte, artatos astrictos fuisse, et eciam debere per suam diffinitivam
sententiam ; ad instantem requisitionem dictorum parochianorum decernimus executionem debite
demandandam, partemque vicarii in xxvj^ vij'' pro nomine expensarum in dicta lite condempnamus.
Quocirca vobis mandamus quatinus moneatis eundem Johannem vicarium quod infra quindecim dies
alium capellanum ydoneum, qui in dicta capella de Erdesdon extunc missas celebrare possit, inveniat.
Cathedra Dunolmensi, nonas Decembris, .\.l). 1363. Seal in bag. Waterford Charters at Ford
castle, No. 16,

1 6 EARSDON CHAPKI.RY.

1857. Richard Evans Mason, of Trinity College, Dublin; post tiiort. Warkman ; B.A., 1852;
M.A., 1859; LL.D., 1869; presented to the perpetual curacy of St. Ann's, Newcastle, 1869, and of
Allendale, 1873 ; died 1900.

1869. Richard Augustus Could, per resig. Mason ; died February 14th, 1881 ; buried at Earsdon (d).

1881. Edward Greenhow, of Lincoln College, Oxford ; post mart. Gould ; matriculated October
17th, 1863; B.A., 1867 ; M.A., 1870 (e) ; perpetual curate of North Gosforth, 1880 ; died December 17th,
1891.

1892. Henry Owen Hall, of Brasenose College, Oxford; post mart. Greenhow ; matriculated May
24th, 1877 ; B.A., 1 88 1 (f) ; perpetual curate or vicar of Benwell, 1895- 1899.

1895. Edward Arkless of Bishop Hatfield Hall, Durham ; per resig. Hall.

(fl) Randa], State 0/ the Clergy. (d) Earsdon Monumental Inscriptions.

(b) Durham Consistory Books. {e) Foster, Alumni Oxonienses.

The old chapel was a plain structure without aisles, transepts, or

tower. A porch at the west end of the nave, on the south side, and a

door into the chancel, were of a Transitional or Early English character.

There were stone seats inside the porch, and a sun-dial over the outer

doorway. At a later date the pitched roof was lowered, a belfry was

added at the west end, the chancel door was blocked up, and rectangular

windows were substituted for the original lights.' The chapel was pulled

down in 1837, and its leaden roof and oak beams were sold by auction.

Further particulars with regard to this structure and the neighbouring

parsonage may be gathered from the archdeacon's visitations and parish

books.

Visitations, etc.-

1608, June 28th. The curate's house is in decay. They have no bells. Durham Visitation Books.

1650. The chappelries of Earsden are depending upon the parish of Tynmouth, the stypend thereof
ffowre pounds thirtene shillings ffow-re pence payed out of the ffee ffarme rents, but noe present incum-
bent there. The said chappellrye is fitt to be made a parish church, and the said tovvne of Earsden,
Monkseaton, Backworth, Hollywell, Seaton Delavall, and Hartley annexed unto that parish. Parlia-
mentary Survey of Church Livings in Arch. Ael. ist series, vol. iii. p. 9.

1652 (circa). By order of the Commissioners for the Propagation of the Gospel an allowance of ^50
a year out of the tithes of St. Nicholas, Newcastle, was made to Earsdon chapelry. Lambeth MSS.
1,007, p. loo.

1656, March. It is this day ordered by the four and twenty of the parish of Earsdon that the rate of
ten shillings per farm shall immediately be laid on the said parish and given to Mr. Henderson, the
minister of the said parish ; as also that seven shillings shall be collected within the space of two years
and given to the said party ; and this upon this consideration, of a house at Earsdon built by the wor-
shipful Ralph Delaval.

[1663.] The presentment of the churchwardens of the chapelry of Earsdon :

I. Concerning the fabrick repairing and furnishing of churches and chappells. ... (3) We have
one bell in the steeple. (4) For our font and other things mentioned in this article, some of them we

' A sketch of the old chapel, made in 1833, hangs in the modem vestry ; and a drawing by T. M.
Richardson, dated 1836, is to be found among his sketches of Northumberland and Durham in the
library of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries.

■ Taken from the Vestry books except where noted otherwise.

EARSDON TOWNSHIP. I'J

have, and the rest is a-making ready and providing, which will be in good repair shortly. (5) Wc have
a chancell with a deske to reade divine service at, with pulpit and cloath convenient ; a great liible of
the largest print. We want two books of Common Prayer. We want a book of homilies with the
workes of Bishopp Jewell. With the rest of the books mentioned in this article we are not yet provided,
but is making all the conveniences. (6) A surplice we have not, but that we are providing alsoe.
(7) We have noe hood nor tipipet. A register-book for the registring marriages christenings and burials
we have, and for other books and things mentioned in this article we shall shortly provide.

II. Concerning the church-yard, parsonage-house, alms-house, gleeb and tythes. On these articles
we have nothing to present.

III. Concerning ministers, preachers, and lecturers. We have not had a minister these two years.
To all the rest of the article we have nothing to present.

IV. Mr. Philip Cramlington of Newsham and Mr. Thomas Cramlington of the same, Edward Jub
of Blithe-snuke, Mrs Bates, widdow, and Mrs. Margaret Bates, the wife of Raphe Bates [recusants]. . . .
By reason of the want of a minister we have nothing to present, save Mrs. Barbery Johnson, nowe wife to
Robert Johnson, the late wife of Raphe Midford of Sighell, esqr., for not proving her saide husband's
will ; John Baylelfe of Halliwell, whose will is not yet proved to our knowledge.

V. Concerning parish-clerks and sextons. We have noe clerk by reason we want a minister. We
have a man to look to our church and keeps it cleane and locks the doores.

VI. We have neither curate nor mmister. We have no phisitian nor chyrurgion within our
chapelry. We have a midwife, Margaret, the wife of George Burleson of .Sighill, which is not licensed to
our knowledge. We have a poore man which teacheth a petty schoole and lookes to our chapel ; we
cannot tell what he is called.

VII. Concerning churchwardens and sidesmen. We were lawefully chosen by the minister and
parishioners. We have nothing to present. To the rest of the articles mentioned in the last titule, by
reason of the want of a minister, we have nothing to present.

1723, October ist. Memorandum. This day the parish church of Earsdon was visited by the arch-
deacon, and, upon a view of the defects, the following directions were given by him to the church-
wardens. Imprimis. To provide a book of homilies. 2. A table of marriages. 3. A cover for the font. 4. .A.
chest with locks and keys for the books, vessells and vestments of ye church. 5. The pulpit to be en-
larged and raised at least one foot higher. The reading desk to be raised at least one foot and to be
floored. The clerk's seat to be floored and the desk of it to be made towards ye middle isle. New and
decent steps to be made to the pulpit. 6. All ye seats in the church, having now no floors, to be paved
with flagg or floored with board as ye possessors and owners of them shall think most convenient ; and
doors to be fixed to them wherever they are wanting. All these things to be done before Easter next,
and a certificate thereof to be delivered into the archdeacon's court and visitation immediately following,
signed by the minister and churchwardens. (Signed) Thos. Sh.vrp.

1725 {circa). Earsdon. Who is patron ? The same who is patron of Tinemouth, when that
is once determined. For Earsdon, however accounted a distinct parish, is only a parochial chapel
to Tinmoulh. . . . The present curate, Mr. Lyon, w^as indeed put in by Sir John Delaval without
consulting the then vicar of Tinemouth, Mr. Dockwiay ; whereupon the vicar detained from the
curate a payment of £^ 13s. 4d. usually allowed out of the crown pension paid to the vicars ot
Tinmouth. Mr. Lyon complained of this defalcation, but could not be remedied, because he could
not make good his claim as regularly appointed. Hodgson-Hinde, Incdited Contributions to the History
of Northumberland, p. 64.

1726/7, February. A trial in the county of Northumberland, when Lord Chief Baron Ward was last
down, between Colonel Thomas Radclif and Councillor Errington. The question was whether Nesham
was in the parish of Earsdon, and my Lord Chief Baron was fully satisfied that Earsdon was a parish
Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

1736 (circa). Duke of Somerset impropriator ; parish recommended ; 335 families ; 4 presbyterians
and 3 papists ; service twice on Sunday ; catechism duly ; sacrament four times a year, about 70 come.
Bishop Chandler's Visitation.

Vol. IX. 3

I 8 EARSDON CHAPELRY,

1757. It is agreed by the proprietors of the lands of this parish that the sum of /20 iis. jd. at the
rate of 6s. 8d. a farm be collected of the proprietors for defraying the cost of rejjairing the house wherein
the Rev. Mr. Mark Hall now lives, that house being vested in the said proprietors, as appears by an
antient parish book, and that the said house continue for the future to be repaired at the said proprietor's
expense.

1764, July 20th. This day the chapel of Earsdon was visited by the archdeacon and upon a view of
the defects the following orders were given to the churchwardens, i. The lead on the roof to be new
cast and the timber repair'd where decay'd. 2. The kneeling boards in all the pews to be made
removeable and low, flat, and broad, so that the congregation may be able to kneel without silting at the
same time. 3. The walls scrap'd and whitewash'd. 4. Sir Lancelot Allgood's new pew to be made
more convenient in the inside for kneeling. 5. The flagging where sunk to be laid even. 6. All the
broken pews repair'd by the respective owners. 7. A bason for the alms and a book of homilies
provided. 8. A new common prayer book for the minister. 9. The pulpit to be raised 18 inches higher
and a smooth wainscott bottom made to the sounding board, and the upper part of the sounding board
painted a wainscott colour. (Signed) John Sharp.

Churchwardens' Accounts, 1774. To whitewashing the church and painting the windows £1 7s. od.
To painting the king's arms ^i is. od. To ornamenting the church with scripture sentences £2 4s. 6d.

Ditto. 1775. To painting the commandments £2 iSs. od.

1826, April 29th. Earsdon. This is at present considered as a perpetual curacy, independent of
any other church. But it was formerly under the vicarage of Tynemouth, from which it received an
annual payment of £^ 13s. 4d. Upon the discontinuance of this payment, it would appear that the
minister and parishioners took measures for securing a provision for their church. It is, however,
very small, and consists as follows : the Queen's bounty, interest at 4 per cent, per annum of ^1,200 ; a
farm at Long Framlington bought by the same fund, consisting of 44 acres, lets for ^22 per annum ;
sixty-six and one-sixth farms pay him at the rate of six shillings and eightpence each per annum ;
. . . surplice fees, £-^0 ; payment from Mr. Pigg's donation chargeable on a farm in the parish, ^5.
I presume upon the whole his income may amount to /125 per annum. . . . The right of nomination
is held by the parishioners subject to this payment [of 6s. Sd. per farm]. . . . The curate's house is very
neat. It was purchased originally as a glebe house by the parishioners from the Delaval family.
They now make all necessary repairs upon it at the requisition of the incumbent. . . . The church-
yard at Earsdon is to all appearance superficially good, but it is in fact a rock, and graves are
absolutely hewed out of it with considerable difficulty. There is another burying ground at Blythe
belonging to this parish, and for attending a funeral there on account of the great distance the curate
receives an increased fee. In books and vestments they are well equipped. They have one bell. . . . They
have a neat little cup and cover with the date 1618, inscribed with the names of the churchwardens, and,
1 think, a patten to match. Population, including Blythe, 6,000. . . . The present minister has been
incumbent 20 years, and has not been absent as many days from his charge. ... In my memor-
andum I expressed myself (as I ought) well satisfied with their condition, but called their attention to
the following injunctions : ... to preserve the trees growing in the churchyard ; ... to procure a
cover for the font, a cloth for the reading desk, a table of prohibited degrees ; to make some exchange
of their old pewter sacramental flagon, and the old registers to be rebound in a plain and strong
manner. . . . There is a Sunday school supported by subscription, but unassisted by the Diocesan
Society. It numbers 70 children. . . . There are three churchwardens for Earsdon. The parish
appoints two of them, and the perpetual curate the other. Archdeacon Singleton's Visitation Book.

The present church was built in 1837, at a cost of _^ 2,200, to provide
for increased sitting accommodation, and was consecrated on October 12th
of that year. It has three bells, founded by Mears and Stainbank in 1866.'
Its plate includes a silver cup, si.\ inches in height, with lozenge and

' Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. iii. p. 293.

EARSDON TOWNSHIP. 1 9

pellet ornament, apparently of sixteenth century make, and a silver paten
on a stand, with the London hall-mark date for 1725, inscribed in the
centre earsdon church.^

The two eastern lancets of the nave contain some sixteenth century
glass presented by tlie twelfth lord Hastings in 1874. The glass, which
was bought by the tenth lord Hastings at the Polytechnic in London, is of
similar character and design to glass made by the king's glazier, Galyon
Hone, for Hampton Court in 153 1/2, and removed thence at a restoration of
the palace about 1840.- The upper parts of the windows contain Tudor
shields bearing France modern and England, surrounded by the garter, the
words comprising the motto being on a black ground and interrupted
by pieces of blue glass to indicate its tincture. The fleur-de-lys, lions,
and letters have been formed by taking clear yellow glass and painting
part of it black, thus leaving the charges. Three small roses surmount
each shield, while two are below them. On the former rest an arched
crown. The lower part of the south window contains, dexter a Hon
rampant or, sinister a grcyliound rampant argent. In the corresponding
portion of the north window is dexter and sinister a dragon rampant gules.
These charges are surrounded by diapers of strips of glass bearing the royal
motto, alternating with other strips bearing a pattern. Above the beasts
in the north window are two portcullises, and in the south are two Tudor
roses. The whole glass probably belonged to two escutcheons, a lion and
a dragon supporting one shield, and a dragon and a greyhound supporting
the other, and thus formed the arms of Henry VH. or VHL The Tudor
roses and portcullises are in their original position above the supporters.
Some pieces of the heraldic glass are modern, as is that which has been
made to serve as a framework for it in the windows.

The registers of marriages and burials commence in the vear 1589,
and the baptisms in 1605. From these dates to 16 18 several years are
wanting, and during the vacancy in the ministry from October, 1618, to
May, 1620, no register exists. From x'\pril, 1631, to March, 1638, there
is again a break, and another from November, 1650, to June, 1654. The
earliest vestry book commences in 1656. The following entries relating
to the keeping of the register occur in the church books :

' Proc. Soc. Aiiliq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. iii. p. 26S.

-Ex inf. Mr. F. J. Snowball (agent to Lord Hastings) and Mr. St. John Hope. Compare Law,
Hampton Court, vol. i. pp. 169 and 349.

20 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

1654. October 2nd. Ordered by the four and twenty of this parish that the keeper of the register
shall have 6d. of every farmer and 6d. of every cottager of all that are able within the parish of Earsdon,
along with what is the ordinary due for the clerk.

1655. Forasmuch as through the corruption of the late times the registers of ye parish of Earsdon,
being in severall books, were some of them neglected, and the government both of Church and State
altered, some of them were lost ; it was therefore thought good by the four and twenty of the said
parish at their meeting, Easter Moonday, A.D. 1688, that ye said register books as they were should be
transcribed into this new parchment book, and that all christenings, marriages and burialls which
hereafter shall happen should be here inserted till the same book be completely filled up.

1689, April 1st. Ordered by the major part of the four and twenty that is. 6d. per farm be forthwith
collected through the parish by the churchwardens for the service of the church as the said four and
twenty will allow of. Memorandum that £1 out of the said assessment be paid unto James Forster of
Seghill for transcribing the old registers into one new book, and that before Mayday next.

Selected Entries from Ear.sdon Registers.

1626. Willelmus filius Fransis Carnaby de Novo Castro, baptised June 25th.

1628. Willelmus Killingworth de Killingworth et Elnor Pigg de Earsdon, married May 13th.

1638. Samuel, filius Johannis Blackstone de Novicastro, marcatoris, in Backworth natus est ut
credibiliter mihi fertur, August 21st.

1645. Johannes Hyndmarsh de Walsend generosus et Elizabeth Bainbrigge de eadem vidua,
married July 17th.

1645. Georgius Melvin generosus et Margreta Hume, filia Jacobi Hume, vicarii de Tinmouth,
married May 6th.

164S. Radulphus Gardiner generosus et Catherina Reed de Chirton vidua, married September 9th.

1649. Gulielmus Collison dux in castro de Tynemouth generosus et Gracia Fenwick filia Isabellae
de eadem vid., married May 31st.

1656. Michael Pace of Cramlington in the parish of St. Nicholas and Dorothy Shafton of Stickley
in the parish of Horton, married June 12th.

1656. Mr. John Loarins, son to Mr. Anthony Lorains of Newsham, baptised [by] Mr. William
Henderson, minister of the Gospel at Earsdon, December 29th.

1657. Ralph Shafton of Horton and Diana Milburn of Wishington in the parish of Ponteland,
married April 6th.

1658. June 27th. Margrat Ling, daughter to John Laing of Sighell, baptised at Earsdon, who are
thereby engadged to forsake the Romish sinagogue and baptized in the faith of the now reformed church
under the present government.

1658/9. Mistres Lanton (Lampton), cousen to Major James Ogle of Burradon, died March 19th,
buried in the church March 22nd.

1661. Grace Widdrington, daughter to Mr. Samuel Widdrington of Seghill, baptised at Seghill by
Mr. Thomas Dixon, minister of Horton, upon the request of Mr. Henderson, September 13th.

1663. John Corde of Tynemouth and Dorothy Spearman of Preston, married by Mr. Ashbournham,
October i6th.

1669/70, February 24th. Ralph, son to Patrick Crow, [Seghill], baptised.

1671, June 3rd. Zachariah Tissick and Elizabeth Toppin, married.

1676. An, daughter to Mr. William Strudder, born October 14th, baptised October 15th, buried
October i6th.

1678, October 2gth. Jane Lowrain, a widow, buried in woolen.

1679, April 6th. Elizabeth, wife to William Grey, buried in linen and paid her fine.

1680, August 31st. Nicholas Lewen and Elizabeth Grey, married.

1682/3. Thomas, son to Nicholas Lewins in Lynkhowse, buried March 6th.
1683, October 21st. Marie, daughter of Mr. William Struther, born at Seatowne Delavall.
1688/9. Joseph Tysick of the High Glass Houses, and Ann Leatherington of Coalercoats, married
January 31st. . ,

EARSDON TOWNSHIP. 21

1688/9. Ml'- William Harding, formerly of Hollandsyde, but then of Moorton West-housses, where
he dyed February 17th, buried in the church of Earsdon, February 19th.

1691, December 3rd. John Hylton of the parish of Wearmouth in the bishopric, and .'\nn
Sickarnham of Sighill, married.

1705, September 19th. William Tyndall of the parish of Urankburne, and Sarah Ogle of the parish
of Bothel, married.

1708, June 29th. John Silvertop of the Windmill house, and Elinor Stayward of ("lolden-hole,
married.

1 70S, July 22nd. Mr. John Cook of Ilurraton, and Mrs. Mary Hindmarsh of Newcastle, married.

1 7 10, December loth. Thomas Hodgson of Placy-brigg-house, parish of Stannington, and Elizabeth
Clint of West Cramlington, married.

171 1. Mr. William Ogle of Cheburn Linkhouse, in the parish of Warkworth [sic], and Mrs. Margret
Greene of Haliwell, married June 24th.

1718, July 27th. William Hodgson of Placy Bridg-houses, parish of Stannington, and Isabella Aidon
of South Blyth, spinster, married.

1719/20, February ist. Mr. Michael Dunford of East Cramlington, and Margarett Thinn, widdow,
of Seghill, married.

1723, December 28th. Mr. Gabriell Reed of Meadow-haugh, parish of Elsdon, and Mrs. Isabell
Potts of Backworth, married.

1728/9, February 3rd. Mr. Robert Rutherford of Whitley and Mary Archbold of the same place,
married.

1729, August i6th. Mr. John Hall of Whitley buried here m the sepulchre of Mr. Charles Archbold
of the same place.

1730. Ralph Clark of North Shields and Elizabeth Bland of the same place, married May 27th.
1730/1. Mr. James Mewburn of Seaton and steward on that estate, buried March 6th.

1735. Mr. Peregrine Henzel of the Glass-houses, chapelry of All Saints, Newcastle, and Mrs. Ann
Archbold of Whitley, married May 8th.

1737. Mr. John Lisle and Mrs. Mary Nicholson, both ofthe parish of Felton, married November 15th.
1750. Mr. Gilbert Umfreville, collector of customs at South Blyth, buried April 5th.

Until the beginning of the eighteenth century the curate of Earsdon
was appointed by the vicar of the mother church ; but, in consequence
of disagreement resulting on Mr. Lyon's appointment to the cure in 17 14,
the landowners of the chapelry assumed the patronage. In the election
of a minister each landed proprietor had as many votes or fractions of
votes as the number of ' farms ' at which his property was assessed in the
church books. This method of presentation continued in use until the
year 1891, when the landowners surrendered their rights to the bishop of
the diocese.

The original curate's stipend of ^^4 13s. 4d. has, as described in
Archdeacon Singleton's visitation, been largely augmented. The curacy
was valued in Dr. Ellison's papers at £2>7 i6s. 8d. ; by Mr. Lyon at
Archdeacon Thomas Sharpe's visitation at ;^45 ; by Archdeacon John
Sharpe in 1764 at _^.'55 ;^ by the commissioners for ecclesiastical revenues
in 1 83 1 at ^ 119 ; and it has now a net value of ^291.

' Archdeacons' Books.

11 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Charitable Benefactions.

1688. John Pigfj of Newcastle, by will dated October 27th, 1C88, directed his trustees to pay £'■,
yearly out of his estate to the minister of Earsdon. This sum is now paid by trustees appointed by the
Newcastle Infirmary.

1714. William Grey of Backworth, by will dated May 26th, 1714, gave the interest of ^100 to the
poor widows and inhabitants of the chapeliy, to be disposed of by his trustees to the vicar and church-
wardens of the said parish, and, failing such object, then for the education of poor children at school.

1849. John Brotherick of Hartley, by a codicil to his will dated October 30th, 1849, devised £250
to trustees, to be laid out in public funds, and the interest to be applied to the maintenance of the poor
inhabitants of Hartley.

1868. Hugh Taylor devised the sum of /i,6oo upon charitable objects. One third of the annual
return is distributed yearly to the aged poor, and the remainder is assigned to the local voluntary school.

A school was attached to the chapel in the time of the Common-
wealth, £^ being allowed to it by the Commissioners for the Propaga-
tion of the Gospel out of Bywell tithes." There is a curious piece of
folklore connected with this school, dating from the first half of the
eighteenth century. An old beggar woman came to a cottage in Earsdon,
and was sharply dismissed. No sooner had she gone than a child in the
cottage began to cry, ' Mother, mother, that old woman is tearing my
heart out of me.' The boys of Mr. Lyon's school ran after the beggar,
' whom the child pricked in the forehead with a pin till the blood came,
when the spell of torment which she had laid upon it was dissolved.' ^

Miscellanea.'

I43''V7' February loth. Commission to the vicar of Bedlington. John Bateson and Robert his
brother, the vicar's parishioners, have complained that certain persons defamed them to their father,
William Bateson of Gosford, and charged them with breaking into a windmill at Hertlawe in Eresdon in
the parish of Tynemouth, and with having carried out of the mill i\ bushells of wheat and beans. The
said William, John and Robert have offered to purge themselves. The vicar of Bedlington is therefore
charged to appoint a day for the persons above named to appear before him in the chapel of Eresdon,
and they are each to appear with twelve honest men of the neighbourhood who shall purge them of the
deed. Durham Registers, Langley, fol. 241.

1562, October 13th. Dominus judex monuit gardianos ecclesie parochialis de Tynmouth, sub pena
juris, quod permitterent curatum capelle de Ersden divina celebrare in eadem, more solito. Ecclesicislieiit
Depositions, Surt. See. No. 21, p. 70.

1598, April 13th. At this time the pestilence raged sore.

' Lambeth MSS. No. 1,006, pp. 376 and 433. On October 13th, 1601, an office was presented against
John Newton for teaching children in Cuthbert Bates' house without licence. Durham Visitation Books.

The following entries occur in the church registers : 1640, August 7th, Mr. Johannes de Halli-

well et ludimagister ibi, sepultus. 1649, April ist, Johannes Simpson de Hartley, pedagogus, sepultus.
1682/3, March nth, Mary, who is the supposed child of John Kay, and was schoolmaster in Hearckley
[sic], baptised. 1691, October 21st, Trypheena, daughter of William Mortaine, schoollmaster of Seaton
Sluice, baptised. 1721, March 28th, John, son of William Herkness, schoolmaster of Backworth,
baptised.

- Raine, Memoir of the Rev. John Hodgson, vol. i. p. 353.

' Taken from the Vestry books and parish registers e-xcept where noted otherwise.

EARSDON TOWNSHIP. 23

161 1. Memorandum, that the xxix of September, being Michaehiias, 161 1, was a very tempestuous
day, both of winde, snow and haill.

1640. LesHe with his Scottish army went over the r[iver] on Friday the 28th of August, 1640, but,
being [stayed] in their march by the Lord Conway's troops, hurt was d[one on] both sides, and the
EngHsh gave over, being but [few], Conway alledgeing the king's warrant for his [behaviour].

1641. Upon the 20th of August, 1641, the Scottish army marched from Tine and Newcastle
towards Barwick with much joy to all the north cuntry, for so hopped both peace and union, with
much expectance of tranquillity both to the Church and State.

1644. Newcastle beseaged on Wednesday ye 14 August, 1644 [and captured October 19th]. That
day sennit after, viz., 26 October, was Tinmoulh yeilded privately without stroake or shott by Sir
Thomas Riddall [to the] Scottish forces.

1646. After much warr and bloudshed . . . betwixt the king and parliament, king Charles [camel
from his owne camp in Oxford and yeilded his person to Generall Leslee, and the Scottish [army] came
with them into Newcastle-upon-Tyne 12th of May, 1646.

1647. [From] the xix of July to the 29 of August this yeare there dyed in Hartley [of] the pestilence,
that came not to the church to be buried, these persons following : (Twenty names follow.)

1648. Wheat sold this yeare for 4' a peck, Newcastle markett measure, 32" per boll.

1649. Big sould the 31 March, 1649, in Newcastle markett for 25' per boll, and some for 28' per
boll. Ry then at 21' a boll.

1650. Ult. Junii, I (the Rev. Ralph Watson) was affronted after my sermon by a trowper, Mr.
Ramsbottom by name, in dispite, because I would not give my consent that he should preach in my
place, saying that I preached a naked church, as he would show me in the afternoone. But when the
afternoone came, he came to my house with all his trayne; and, when I looked that he would question
me concerning what I had preached, he began to deny or to doubt of ourlawfull calling, and that we were
of the Church of England but not of the Church of Christ, and soe fell upon baptisme and houldino- of
baptizing of infants utterly unlawfull ; which I answered so far as I could be permitted, for they would
speak all and heare nothing that [I said]. So he asked leave to preach and I permitted him

1656/7, March ist. That day ye text Mat. ii. 6. The doctrine is that ye sons of men is exceeding
ready to take offence and so stumble at ye person, doctrine, and kingly government.

1658. Collected for the distressed people of Heydon by fyre upon a letter pattent of the great seale
of England, dated upon the seventh day of Aprill in anno 1658, in the parish church of Earsdon, the
summe of ten shillings and tenpence in the month of November and the twenty-first day thereof bv
James Dinning and Robert .\rcle, churchwardens.

1658, April 15th. Mr. George Hawdon, minister, his ordination at Stannington was upon the
Thursday.

1659. April 5th. It is this day ordered by the major part convened of these of the four and twentv
that day mett for the choosing of the churchwardens for the year 1659, it is this day imposed to be
collected of every of the four and twenty, that shall absent himself from the meeting of the said four and
twenty, ten groats for the first time absenting, by the churchwardens, who is ordered hereby to colect it
for every default.

1659, June 7th. A fast at Pontisland appoynted and solemnized by the brethren.

i66[2]. The names of the twenty-four elected for Earsdon parish. For Seaton : Sir Ralph
Delavall. For Hartley : Richard Roules, James Parkin, John Ladley. For Halliwell : Mr. Ralph Bailes
James Baillifl!e, John Tayler, Richard Edley, William Shotton. For Earsdon : Robert Barker, Robert
Arckle, Robert Sabourne, Edward Rutter. For Sighill : Mr. Robert Johnson, Samuell Widdrin"ton.
For Burrodon : Ralph Harrison, John Todd. For Newsham : James Sutton. For Backworth : James
Dining, Thomas Matland, Mr. Oliver Ogle, John Corneath, Thomas Winship, William Matland.
Churchwardens : Henry Archbald, John Harrison.

[i6]82, April ye 17th. Order'd then by the major part of the four and twenty that Backworth,
Earsdon and Newsham find two churchwardens the year above written, and Sighill, Hallywell and
Burradon the year insuing, and Seaton for the third year, and soe to continue customary for the time to
come.

24 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

A form of certificate for those afflicted with the King's evil.

These are to certifie that the berare hereofif of the parish of Earsdon in the countie of

Northumberland, supposeing him or her selfe to have the evill on or in , and being desireous

to addresse him or her selfe to the king's most sacred majestic for cure, desireth this our certificate. And
wee the minister and churchwardens of Earsdon aforesaid, beleiveing the premisses to be true, have here-
unto inscribed our hand the day of Anno Dom.

A certificate of conformity.

[1681]. Wee, David Halsall, minister of ye parish and parish church of Earsdon within ye county of
Northumberland, and William Mattalin and Robert Elliot, churchwardens of the same parish and parish

church, doe hereby certifie that upon ye Lord's day commonly called Sunday, ye day

of this instant immediately after divine service and sermon ended did in ye parish church afore-
said have and receive ye sacrament of ye Lord's Supper according to ye due forme and usage of ye

Church of England. In witness whereof wee have hereunto subscribed our hands ye day of

in ye yeare of our Lord God , ye reigne of our Sovereign Lord Charles of England,

Scotland, France and Ireland, king. Defender of the Faith.

1715, November 14th. It is this day ordered that a poor sess be laid on the able inhabitants of this
parish, and that the overseers shall be for the ensueing year, Edward Potts, Clement Trumball, Matthew
Wiggam, John Hall.

1716, October 22nd. A memorandum of an agreement made with John Jameson of Bedlington,
concerning a fatherless and motherless child named John Bulson, and at present maintained out of the
poor money collected in this parish of Earsdon, as followeth ; vizt : that the said John Jameson is to take
the said child to his own house and feed and clothe him and maintain and keep him honestly, credibly
and decently at his own proper charges, and likewise (God willing) shall get him taught to read and write,
and shall from this day forward indempnify and free the said parish of the said child for ever. In con-
sideration whereof he is to have paid him by the said parish the sum of forty shillings at Christmas next,
and the like sum at three Christmases after, and twenty shillings the next Christmas after those, which
will make in all the summ of nine pounds. It is further agreed that if the said child dye before any of
the abovesaid days of payments, that then the abovesaid bargain shall be determined, and neither the
following payment nor any other of the remaining is to be paid him after such decease ; that is to say if
please God the child dye, the said John Jameson is to have no more money after.

1718, June igth. It is agreed that the overseers of the poor do pay the sundry sums they collect for
the poor into Mr. Lyon's hands, who together with three or four of the four and twenty, are to distribute
the same first of all to those poor who have got an order of sessions, and the remainder as they think fit.

1737. Memorandum. All arrears due to ye poor of Earsdon parish to this nth April, 1737, is
^11 15s. 'Tis agreed by the four and twenty at this present meeting that ye present overseers collect an
assessment of 3s. 3d. per farm to discharge the said arrears, and that from henceforth every lordship in
ye said parish shall provide for their own poor for ye future.

In 1650 the Commissioners for the Propagation of the Gospel proposed
a division of the extensive chapelry of Earsdon by the addition of Newsham
and Blyth-nook to Horton, and of Burradon and Seghill to Long Benton.'
No steps w^ere taken in this direction until 1846, when Seghill was con-
stituted a separate ecclesiastical parish. Burradon was annexed in 1865
to the newly formed parish of Killingworth. A donative chapel at Blyth
had been built in 1751 to supply the needs of the northern portion of
Earsdon chapelry and was made a parish church in 1883, as was the
ancient chapel of St. Mary at Seaton Delaval eight years later. Chapels
of ease have been established at Backworth and Holywell.

' Parliamentary survey in Aycli. Act. jst series, vol. iii. p. 9.

BACKWORTH TOWNSHrP. 25

BACKWORTH TOWNSHIP.

Backworth township inarches with Shire Moor on the south, and
extends northward as far as the Seaton burn. Long Benton and Bur-
radon townships bound it upon the west, the township of Seghill on
the north, and Holywell and Earsdon upon the east. A survev taken in
1664 gives it an area of 1,327! acres,' but the north-eastern portion of
Shire Moor has since been annexed to the township, increasing its size to
1,588 acres. The population in iqoi totalled 2,168.^ At the present
time there is only one large village in the township, but in the twelfth,
thirteenth, and fourteenth centuries there were two hamlets ; East Back-
worth is represented by the modern village near the source of the Brierdene
burn, while West Backworth probably stood at Backworth West farm, on
the winding lane leading up to Burradon. Backworth recurs as the name
of a vanished hamlet in the parish of Bvwell.'

Before the modern turnpike was driven through Shire Moor, Backw'orth
was probably only accessible from the south by the road leading north-east
from Killingworth. This debouches, a little to the west of Castle farm, on
the Backworth lane which, as has been stated, connected East and West
Backworth. Another road leads northward from this lane, at a point just
west of the West farm, to Seghill ; and a path called the Fishers' road runs

' The survey of 1664, taken from the duke of Northumberland's MSS., gives the following list of
enclosures :

a. r. p.

The Wheat hill and the East field

The Straits and the East march

The North field, Rye hill, and the Rapes

The Shepherd's Troddriggs

Hobb'shiU ...

The Low East march, Low Hobb's hill, and the haughs ...

The West field, the West moor, Harte's hill, and the letches

Dy Ulster's nook

The East acres

The Castle field and the South field

The old garths

The park ... ... ■

The Pease field

The West green and the cpiarries

Ten closes

Garths and yards

Total ... 1,327 2 igi

- Census returns for the township are as follow : 1801, 163 ; 181 1, 157 ; 1S21, 243; 1831, 412 ; 1S41,
413; 1851,404; 1861,954; 1871,1,191; 1881,2,056; 1891,2,240; 1901,2,168.

' .See vol. vi. of this work, pp. 202-203.
Vol. LX. 4

115

-t

205

12*

■^

1 12

299

170

38A

26 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

from the west end of the modern village of Backworth, past Havelock
Place, to the Seaton burn, which it crosses at a point where the townships
of Backworth and Seaton Delaval touch one another. The road from
Killingworth to Backworth is probably that termed the roval road in a
deed of the early fourteenth century, where it is described as skirting the
east side of a field or furlong called the Chesters.' The latter mav be
identified with the Castle field of the 1664 survey. It is less clear whether
it should be connected with the alleged discovery in this neighbourhood
of the Roman objects known as the Backworth find.

Note on the Backworth Find, by F. Haverfield.

A remarkable hoard of Roman gold and silver objects was dug up early
in the nineteenth century, and probably in the winter of 1811-1812, in the
neighbourhood (as it would seem) of Newcastle. The e.xact place, time
and circumstances of the discovery were concealed, owing to the fear of
the law of treasure trove ; but some slight clues make a guess possible.
The objects forming the hoard, or most of them, were sold in February,
1812, by an unknown person, thought to be a farmer, to a Newcastle
silversmith, Mr. Thomas Watson. The Rev. John Hodgson states that they
were found ' somewhere in the county to the north - east of Backworth.'
He gives no authority for this statement, but may well have had local
information." The hoard mav therefore be regarded as found in or not
long before February, 18 12, near Newcastle, and most probably a few
miles north-east of it, on the Caledonian side of the Roman Wall.

All or nearly all the objects acquired by Mr. Watson in 18 12 were

' Omnibus Chiisti fidelibus, etc., Hugo de Bacwonh, salutem, etc. Noverit universitas vestra me
dedisse, etc., Aliciae, filiae meae, quoddam toftum et undecim acras tenae arabilis in territorio de Est
Bacworth (videlicet illud toftum quod Agnes, quondam uxor Jordani, tenuit, et situm est inter toftum quod
Paterous de Hacworth quondam tenuit ex parte occidentali et toftum meum ex parte orientali), quarum
tres acrae jacent in Litill-hepe et abuttant super Lang-landes, et duae acrae in le Suthre-hope super
Pattes-flatte inter terram domini prioris ex utraque parte et abuttant super terram Radulphi servientis
versus boriam et super le More-gare versus austrum, et una acra et dimidia super Ri-landes inter terram
Johannis filii Nicholai ex parte orientali et terram domini prioris ex parte occidentali, et duae acrae et
dimidia super Herterigge, et abuttant super Hunspakes-well, et una acra in Westwaleshers inter terram
meam propriam ex parte orientali et terram domini prioris ex parte occidentali, et dimidia acra abuttat
apud predictum toftum, et dimidia acra in le Chestres et abuttat super terram Johannis filii Nicholai
versus occidentem et super regiam viain versus orientem ; habenala et tenenda. etc., reddendo inde annu-
atim mihi Hugoni et heredibus ineis, etc., quatuor denarios argenti ad duos anni terminos, etc. Hiis
testibus, Johanne de Dudden, tunc senescallo de Tynem', Johanne de Whitlee, Nicholao de Morton,
Nicholao Faucus, Johanne filio Nicholai, et multis aliis. Tyncnwiitli CJtai-tiilary, fol. 90 b. John de
Dudden occurs as seneschal of Tynemouth in the year 1302.

- Hodgson, Northumberland pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 440. Mr. Edward Hawkins, writing in 1S50 in the
Archaohgical journal (vol. viii. p. 35), puts the place of the find ' in the county of Durham or some
adjoining district,' but this later version can hardly contend with the Rev. John Hodg'son's.

BACKWORTH TOWNSHIP.

sold by him to a Newcastle collector and antiquary, Mr. John IJrumell,
though one or two pieces may have been disposed of before Mr. Brumell
saw them. From Mr. Brumell they — or at least most of them — passed
in 1850 to the British Museum. The objects acquired by the British
Museum consisted of a
silver patera with in-
scribed handle, a bronze
mirror found covering it
in such a position as to
suggest that it had been
used as a lid, and the
following articles found

inside it — five gold rings
(one bearing an inscrip-
tion), a silver ring, two
gold chains, a gold brace-
let, two highly orna-
mented silver-gilt fibulae,
three silver spoons and a
denarius of Pius, dated
139 A.D. To these still
extant objects must be
added some that are now
lost — an oval silver dish
eighteen inches long, two
first brass coins of Pius,
279 c/f//(?;7y earlier in date
than 139 A.D., a silver
patera ' so much corroded
as to fall to pieces,' and
two pieces of silver, carved and gilt, which were thought to have been
pieces of a bridle bit : some of these articles seem to have been sold to
Mi-. Brumell, but were not among the acquisitions of the Museum and
their fate is not known.' The man who sold the objects in 18 12 to

Articles in the Backwokth Find.
(Fkdm a Photograph.) One Third Actual Size.

' Hell {Arch. At-!, ist series, vol. ii. p. 167) mentions the d\i.h. patt-ra and ' bridle bit ' as in Mr. Brumeirs
possession when he wrote (about 1825). Hawkins says the dish had been sold before Brumell saw- it,
and is silent about the other pieces {Archaological Jourmd, voh viii. p. 36). Here again he seems to have
been misinformed.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Mr. Watson further alHrmed that other curiosities were found with those
which he produced, and in particular a piece of strong leather embossed
with the picture of a man escaping from a window.'

The objects which have survived merit brief individual attention.

(i) Tlie patera is a very interesting instance of a type of saucepan-
shaped bronze vessels, which with slight variation in form, sometimes plain
and sometimes highly ornamented, occur freely in the Roman world. Manu-
factories of them existed at Herculaneum and Pompeii in the early Empire,

Patera anh Spoon founh in Backwdrth. (_Fkom a Photogkaph.) t)NE Half Actliai. Size.

and also (as it seems) in Gaul, and they were exported even beyond the
Empire into Caledonia and northern Europe. They were probablv used for
liquids, and sometimes perhaps for libations at sacrifices : that thev were
also cooking vessels is less likely. The present specimen has a bowl four
and three quarter inches in diameter and three and a half inches in height,
and is much rounder in shape than is usual. The flat handle of the bowl is

' Hodgson, loc. cit.

SackWorth township.

four and three quarter inches long, decorated with conventional foliage
and ending on the circumference of the bowl in two birds' heads, such as
occur on many Roman bronze handles. The handle also bears a brief
inscription inlaid in gold letters, now partly faint : matr fab dvbit, that
is, Matribus Fahius Ditbitatiis, showing that the patera was dedicated
to the Celtic triad of the 'Mother Goddesses' by one Fabius Dubitatus,
of whom nothing else is known. It was perhaps made to order, since
the inscription is carefully inlaid and not scratched round the bowl in
rude cursive letters after the usual fashion of most consecrated paterae.
Possibly it was manufactured in Gaul, its rather uncommon shape finding
exact parallel in a patera dug out of Prickwillow fen in Cambridgeshire,
which bears a Celtic maker's name, Boduogenus. But, like most Romano-
Gallic work, the Backworth patera shows in general the conventional
decoration of the Roman-provincial art. Its date is not easy to guess
from internal evidence, but the absence of prgenomen in the inscription
suits the second or the third better than the first century.

Gold Rings from the Backworth KiNn.

(2) A gold ring weighing 211 grains, with an inscription on a stud set in
a beaded border : matr | vm c -I- | c -f ae. The reading has been disputed.
Dr. Bruce read matrvm co co ae, in which co co is not intelligible.
Hiibner read matr via c -I- c -f ae, and expanded Matribus vialibits C.
C[o/-Jic/uis] xle[Iianiis, or the like]. It appears upon e.xamination that Dr.
Bruce was correct as to matrvm and Hiibner as to c -I- c -I-. The text may
therefore be taken to be Matriim C. Cornelius Ae/iaiins, ' the property of
the Matres, the gift of C. Cornelius Aelianus.' For Cornelius Aelianus
any other suitable names beginning with C and Ae may be substituted.

(3) A gold ring weighing 304 grains, decorated with three beaded studs
of gold, much like the studs of No. (2), and two snakes' heads. Such
snakes' heads often occur on Roman bracelets and rings, and, though
occasionally styled Late Celtic, are Italian. They are frequently found, for
instance, at Pompeii.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

(4-6) Three other gold rings, two of 200 and one of 123 grains
weight, each set with engraved stones so rudely executed that the devices
are not clear.

(7) A silver ring, broken but shewing the same snake device and
general character as No. (3).

(8-10) Two long neck-chains, twenty-eight and thirty-two inches long,
and a chain bracelet, seven inches long, all of gold and of similar workman-
ship. The neck-chains are made of plain loops
and have hook fastenings ; the bracelet has a
hollow bead strung on each loop, and its circle
is closed. Each of the three pieces has attached
to it a wheel-shaped device, which on the neck-
chains is close to the fastening, and which
obviously replaces the decorated clasps often
attached to bracelets. The two neck - chains
have also an appendage like a crescent with
contracted horns, not improbably a charm. The
art of these pieces seems to be Roman-provincial.
But the wheels may have Celtic associations.
Many such wheels were found in the Celtic site
of Stradonitz in Bohemia, mostlv detached but
in one case fastened by a little chain to a fibula,
and others have come to light on Gallic sites
occupied either just before or during the Roman
period. The wheel is also an attribute of Jupiter
Wheels similarlv attached to chains have been
found in a hoard resembling the Backworth find, at Llandovery, and
elsewhere.

(11-12) Two silver-gilt fibulae, each four inches long, forming a
precise pair. They exemplify a tvpe of brooch which descends from a La
Tene pattern and is common in the westernmost parts of the Roman Empire.
In this type the bow carries a boss with a somewhat conventional floral
ornament ; the head broadens out over the coil of the spring, which is
usually attached by a tiny hook ; and — at least on British examples — a ring,
with or without a crosspiece to hold it firm, is added at tlie end, so that the
fibulae can be worn in pairs connected by a chain. These features recur on
the Backworth brooches. But two other remarkable features supervene.

Wheel-shaped Ornaments on Chains
FOUND .^T Backworth.

on some Gallic bronzes.

RACKWORTH TOWNSHII'.

Fibula found at Backworth. (Full Size.)

The foot ends not simply in ;i knob but in a sort of box, while the sheath,
bow and head exhibit Late Celtic designs of much grace and character.
A similar ' box ' occurs on one of the large fibulae of Late Celtic character
which were found
at Aesica in 1894,
while the Celtic
ornament may be
paralleled from a
fibula discovered at
Risingham.' Here
we find ourselves
in a peculiar art
world. The pre-
ceding pieces (i-io)
show in the main
the Roman-provincial style. The fibulae belong to a Celtic region. Not
only are they of a type which springs from Celtic originals ; they reveal
Celtic influences living and creative at the time and in the place of
their making.

(i3"i5) Three silver spoons, of ordinary kinds and small sizes.

(16) A mirror formed of a round plate of silver, adorned on the back
with incised concentric circles and a leaf border.

(17) A coin of Pius, consul for the second time, a.d. 139 — the sole
survivor of two hundred and eighty denarii of various dates and two first
brass coins of Pius. Mr. Hawkins states that this coin was the latest of
the denarii.

The general character of the find is plain. It is a hoard of precious
objects buried after a.d. 139, and probably about the middle of the second
century. The reason for the burial is less plain. Two of the items are
votive and must come from some shrine of the Deae Matres. But it is
unlikely that such a shrine stood in an isolated spot north of the Wall, and
this hoard probably represents, not temple treasures hastily hidden to save
them in a sudden danger, but the fruits of robbery or pillage from the Wall
itself or some fort near it. The Roman advance in 143 from the Tyne to
the Forth might supply a reason why a robber should conceal his spoils.
The serious revolt in northern Britain about 158-162 might furnish an

' A. J. Evans, in Anha:ologia, vol. Iv. p. iS6 ; Bruce, Roman Wall (3rd edition), p. 431.

32 EARSDON CHAPELRV.

occasion for pillage. But we need not be anxious to fix a date. The north
country, on both sides of Hadrian's Wall, was never wholly ciyilized in
Roman times, and chance robbers were at work there at all times.

Perhaps the artistic character of the hoard is more interesting than its
historical setting. Most of its items are ]\oman in design and workmanship.
A few, and those not the least striking, reveal a marked intermixture of
Celtic influences. It need not be supposed that these fibulae were made in
Caledonia. Thev may reasonably be assigned to craftsmen who lived in
what is now northern England during the second century of our era.
Here, on the verge of the unconquered Caledonia and Hibernia but within
the limit of the Empire, the power of Celtic art was (for a time, at least)
very great. There is no parallel to it in the more civilized south of our
island or in Gaul.'

As Backworth does not occur among the villages confirmed to the
prior and convent of Tynemouth by Henrv I.,^ it may be inferred that it
did not become a monastic possession so soon as the other townships in
the manor of Tynemouth, though it is included in Tvnemouthshire in
Richard I.'s charter of 1189.^ A proprietary family, probably of native
English origin, was settled here and took its name from the locality.
Edmund de Bacwrde attests a deed dating circa 1140;^ Adelard and
Nicholas de Bacworth appear as witnesses circa 1180,^ as does Jordan de
Bacworth in 122 1/2.'' In 1264 Nicholas de Backworth did homage to the
abbot of St. Alban's for his holding in Backworth, and gave half a mark
as recognizance, and Thomas de Backworth did fealty and gave ten shillings
for having confirmation of thirty acres in the same place.'

In 1 24 1 a certain Robert, son of Stephen, quit-claimed a carucate in
Backworth to Walter, prior of Tynemouth, in return for a payment of forty
shillings." This formed the nucleus of the monastic demesne ; a manorial
hall was built, and Backworth was reckoned as one of the ten manors

' The Backworth find was noted in 1812 in local newspapers. It was described briefly by John Bell
(Arch, Ael. ist series, vol. ii. p. 167) and Hodgson [Northumhcrland, pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 440), and more fully
t)y E. Hawkins [Aychavlogical Journal, \'o\. vii. p. 35: Arch. Institute, Oxford Meeting, 1850, p. 121). For
the inscriptions see also Bruce (Lapidarium, No. 535), Hiibner {Corpus Iiiscr. Latin, vol. vii. Nos. 1,285,
1,299), and the writer's note in Arch. Journ. (vol. 1. p. 303, No. 158). Mr. Reginald A. Smith of the
British Museum has given helpful information.

' See vol. viii. of this work, p. 55 (13). '' Ibid. p. 67, note 3.

^ Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 143.

° Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 35 b. ' Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. ii. p. xxxvi.

' St. A Ibau's Register, fols. 62 and tub. ' Feet of Fines, Henry III. No. 107.

BACKWORTH TOWNSHIP. 33

belonging to the prior and convent.' In 1292 the demesne was estimated
at one and a halt cariicates, and gave a net yearly return of £\ lis. 6d.^
It was surveyed in detail in 1295, and found to contain 169 acres
I rood 20 perches.'

In Blake-burn and Burudunour in

West Bacwoith ...
Between the two towns

In Waleserse-est

In Wester-Waleserse

In Blake-lawe in West Bacworth ...
In Buiudunside in West Bacworth ...
On the north side of the town

In the Nether-flat

In the Langer-flat

In Burn-furlange

On the east side of the prior's hall ...

The sum of 4s. 6jd. was paid yearly out of Backworth as abbot-scot,
and 8fd. as prior's cornage.'' The township appears to have been exempted
from the payment of Hertness-pennies. Eleven customary tenants, probably
cot-men, contributed 17s. 6d. in the tallage of 1294.* The ordinary annual
rents due from the township were paid in corn, and amounted in 1292 to
£^, 14s. 6jd.'' Eight inhabitants occur as paying subsidy in 1296.

In West-medu-flat

In Est-medu-fiat

In Suth-Stanyside

In Est-Stanyside

In the Brokes ...

In West-Stanyside

At the gate on the

south

In Piles-flatt, West Bacworth

In Crocke-lawe-flat

In Cote-flat

In More-gares ...

In the Sclat-pyttes,

West Bacworth

Bacworthe Subsidy

Roll,

1296, No. I.

i s. d.

Summa bonorum Nicholai Faukes

2 14 10 unde

regi

„ Adae filii Johannis ...

160

„ Willelmi senescalli ...

116

„ Hugonis de eadem ...

I 14 6 „

Summa hujus ville, £i) i6s. lod.

; undo

domino regi, 12s. 5

Ad.

Bacworthe Subsidy

Roll,

1296, No. 2.

i s. d.

Summa bonorum Rogeri Suaynwyt

0 13 6 unde

regi

Willelmi filii Galfridi

0 13 0 „

Ade Gul

I 12 4

I>i

„ Robert! de Milneton ...

0 15 2

4-i

Summa hujus ville, ^3 14s. ; unde domino regi, 6s. 8|d.'

' See above, p. 221. The following entry in the Tyncmouth CUartulary (fol. 171) has reference to the
manorial administration of Backwortli and Monkseaton : 'Omnibus has litteras visuris vel audituris,
frater Ricardus, prior de Tynemuth, salutem in domino. Noveritis quod, audito compoto Thomae de
Castro Bernard! de tempore quo stetit serviens noster in maneriis de iiewyk, Seton I\lonachorum, et de
Bacworth, comperimus eundem de omnibus receptis et expensis fideliter administrasse, et inde fidelem
compotum reddidisse, propter quod ipsum de his receptis acquietamus, etc. Datum apud Tynemuth,
XV die Aprilis, anno regni regis Edwardi tercii decimo.' [1336.]

' Tyiiemoiith Chartulary, fol. 54 b. ' Ibid. fol. 4 b. ■" Ibid. fol. 67.

'- The names are illegible, the roll having suffered a good deal from fire. The sums contributed were
small. There was one payment of 5s., one of 3s., one of 2s., three of is. 6d., and three of is. Two
tenants were too poor to make any contribution. St. Albans Register, fol. no.

' Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 54 b. ' Lay Subsidy Roll, ip.

VOL. IX. 5

34 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Nicholas Faukes, or Faucus, whose name heads the subsidy roll, was
a resident in West Backworth. His father, Ralph Faukes, did homage
for his holding to the abbot of St. Alban's in 1264, and proffered a good
ambling palfrey by way of recognition.' He himself did homage for his
father's lands on February ist, 1276, when he paid 3s, 4d. for relief,^ Like
the other freeholders in Backworth, he was required to do suit to Flatworth
mill, and with Hugh de Backworth and John, son of Nicholas, he was
impleaded by the prior of Tynemouth in 1295 for neglecting to perform
this service.^

His son, Henry Faukes, paid half a mark for relief in 1306.' In 13 10
Henry Faukes came into conflict with Prior Walden over the right of
pasture in the township, suing him for a hundred marks damage done to
his crops in West Backworth, by turning cattle into them. The prior
answered that the custom of the township was that one third of the town
field should lie fallow every year, and that the prior and his tenants should
common their cattle on the fallow ; to which Faukes rejoined that the land
in question was his severalty.'*

A similar case of disputed possession appears to have arisen with regard
to a portion of Rodestane moor, lying west of Preston township, to which,
on July 27th, 1320, Henry Faukes waived his claim, granting to the prior
and convent by the same deed a wayleave from his quarries in West
Backworth for carting stones to the priory.''

' St. Alban's Register, fols. 62 and in b.

■■^ Ibid. fols. 63 and 112 b. He again did homage in 1291 ; ibid. fol. 153b.

' Dc Banco Rolls, No. 109, m. 41 d. The tenants of Backworth were charged is. yearly for timber
for Flatworth mill, and also paid lod. for other services due to the mill. Tynemouth Chariulary, fol. 67.

' Henricus Faukes focit homagium dicto domino abbati, et dat pro relevio dimidiam marcam, et pro
recognicione nihil, quia venit de novo ad terram. St. Alban's Register, fol. 164.

* Coram Rege Rolls, No. 201. A fragmentary deed in the Tynemouth Chartulary (fol. i6Sb) shows
that Faukes was compelled to come to terms. ' Universis ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, Henricus
Faucus de West Backworth, salutem in domino. Noveritis quod, cum seminassem quasdam culturas in
campo dicte ville de West Backworth tempore warretti, que de jure jacere debent ad communam pasture

animalibus domini prioris de Tynemuth, ' For similar suits relating to the right of pasturage

in which Henry Faukes and his son William w-ere the aggrieved parties, see Coram Rege Rolls, No. 291,
m. 139 ; No. 294, m. 36 ; and No. 301, m. 65.

'' ' Concessi et hac praesenti carta mea confirmavi Deo et ecclesiae sanctae Mariae et sancti Oswyni
de Tynemuth, priori et conventui ejusdem loci, et eorundem successoribus monachis de sancto Albano
apud Tynemuth Deo servientibus, viam largam et sufficientem imperpetuum pro carris et carectis suis
ad lapides qui vocantur sclates, pro coopertura domorum suarum, de quareris suis in West Bacworth
cariendas omnibus anni temporibus, videlicet sub gardino meo ultra terram meam et heredum meorum
et omnium aliorum, ad quorumcumque manus dicta terra mea imposterum devenerit, a porta mea boreali
usque orientem, sicut terra mea ibidem jacet.' Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. Sob. For the quit-claim of
land in Rodestane moor, see vol. viii. of this work, p. 316, note i. The whole deed is printed by
Brand, Newcastle, vol. ii. p. 90.

BACKWORTH TOWNSHIP. 35

The country was about this time in a troubled state, harried by Scots
and rebels and lawless marauders. In 1323 the two villages of Backworth
were wasted and burnt,' necessitating the omission for the year of the usual
service of 'Conveys.' This custom was similar in its character to that already
described as existing in Whitley,^ and consisted in entertaining the prior of
Tynemouth, his household, his manorial servants of Preston, and his horses
and hounds, for the two days and nights following Christmas Day. Henry
Faukes and John de Backworth, being the two chief tenants, were mainly
responsible for this ceremony, but the other tenants contributed proportion-
ably to the size of their holdings, and the prior himself provided a share of
the entertainment as a charge upon his lands and tenements in Backworth.'

The relations existing between Faukes and the monastery were not
always of a friendly character, for, at a free court held at Tynemouth on
January 20th, 1330, Henry Faukes was condemned to pay £b 6s. 8d. for
various trespasses committed by him against his lord, and to enter into a
bond for his loyal behaviour.*

' See vol. viii. of this work, p. 90. ■ Ihid. pp. 393-394.

'' Recognicio Johannis de Bacworth et Henrici Faukes del conveyez in Bacworth. A tous ceux qi
cestes lettres verront ou orront, Henri Faukes et Johan de Bacworth, salutz en Dieu. Come nous, entre
les autres services que nous devoms au priour de Tynemouth, devoms une feste par an a Bacworth le
jour de seint Estevene en Noel et lendemeyn, c'est assavoir de receivre et pescre honurablement tote la
fraunche meigne le dit priour, et touz ces autres servauntes de la priorie de Tynemuth et de son manoir
de Preston qi prenent liveree du gerner ou du celer, et les chevaux et chiens le dit priour de Tynemouth
et du dit manoir de Preston ; de lour trover touz lour necessaries par deux jours et deux noitz, sauve que
le dit priour nous deit allower et reprendre de sa dite meigne et de ces chevaux et chiens solom la
porcion des terras et tenementz q'il ad en Bacworth, et auxi que les autres tenaunts en la dite ville de
Bacworth qi devent partie de ditz services et facent lour purpartie de ditz services queux eux devent ;
e pur ceo que nos mesons en la ville de Bacworth sunt ars et destrutz par guerre, par quoi nous ne pooms
receivre ne escer les avantditz gentz ne chevaux ne chiens si covenablement come nostre volente convoit
et come nous sumes tenutz, et le dit priour a ceste forz de sa grace nous ad soeffert et esce pur cest an
de les ditz services pur du nostre donaunt et par la reson del arson avant dit ; nous graunteoms pur nous
et pur nos heirs par cestes lettres que la dite soeffraunce et ese q'il nous ad fait a ceste forz de sa grace
ne turne a prejudice a lui ne a ses successours apres ces hures. En tesmoignance de queu chose, a ces
presentes lettres avoms mys nos seals et fait gree au dit priour pur les services avant ditz pur cest an.
Par tesmoignaunce Wauter de la Val, Thomas de Fenwyk, Robert de Ryhill, Thomas de Hidewyne,
Aleyn du Chastel. Escrit a Tynemouth a meskerdy en la feste de seint Estevene, Tan du regne le roi
Edward filz au roi Edward diseitisme. [December 28th, 1323.] Originale istius litterae suprascriptae
est in thesauro. Tynemouth Chcirtuhuy, fol. 70.

' Pateat universis per presentes quod, cum ego Henricus Faukes domino meo, domino Ricardo,
priori de Tynemuth, pro diversis transgressionibus eidem domino meo per me factis, prout in rotulo
libere curie de Tynemuth tente ibidem die Sabbati proximo post festum sancti Hillarii, anno regni
Edwardi tertii tertio plenius continetur, juste et rationabiliter condempnatus fuissem in vj' vj' viij'',
quam pecuniam predictus dominus meus levare distulit et differre gratiose concessit quamdiu bene me
erga predictum dominum meum et domum suam gessero et habuero ; et si contingat, quod absit, quod
geram me vel habeam de cetero erga predictum dominum meum et domum suam aliler quam bene juste
debite et honeste in verbo seu opere, et super hoc per fidedignos ex parte predicti prioris domini mei
producendos convinci potero ; obligo me, heredes, et executores meos fide media solvere predicto domino
meo priori seu successoribus suis pecuniam predictam, etc. Datum apud Tynemuth, die dominica post
festum sancti Jacobi apostoli, anno regni Edwardi tertii quinto. [July 2Sth, Ijjl-] IbiJ. fol. 164b.

A few years later William Faukes, son of Henry Faukes, entered into a similar obligation : Pateat
universis per presentes quod, cum ego Willelmus Faukus, filius Henrici Faukus, minus bene ante haec

36 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

His son and successor, William Faukes, also fell into controversy with
the prior and convent, the subject of dispute being the nature and extent of
his services. On November 20th, I339> an agreement was arrived at, under
which Faukes was to continue to render homage and fealty and to make
suit to tlie prior's free court every third week. Cornage, the service called
Conveys, and carriage-service to Flatworth mill, had already been commuted
for money-payments ; and the remainder of his services to the mill and his
agricultural duties were now likewise commuted. The total sum at which
his services were assessed was twenty shillings a year, but, in return for this
acknowledgment, he was allowed a rebate of four shillings during his life-
time. The various dues and works and their monetary value were as follow :

s. d.

Abbot's cornage ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 o

Prior's cornage ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 4

Conveys ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8 4

Repairing the mill and carting timber thither ; boon-are and boon-harrow ; reaping the

prior's harvest with two men, and finding four men for the great boon-work ... ... 4 4

Suit to the mill ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 20'

tempora me habuerim et gesserim erga Ricardum priorem de Tynemuth, ad dampnum ipsius prioris et
ecclesiae suae non modicum et gravamen, propter quod obligo me, heredes et executores nieos, dicto
priori in sexaginta solidis sterlingorum cum per testes fideles ex parte predict! prioris producendos, etc.
Et ad predictam solucionem faciendam, si me convinci contingat ut est predictum, quod absit, Henricum
P'aukes, patrem meum, fidejussorem meum inveni, qui se similiter principalem CQnstituit debitorem, etc.
Juravi eciam, tactis sacrosanctis evangeliis, quod bene fideliter et honeste erga predictum priorem et
suos de cetero me habebo. In premissorum testimonium tam predictus Henricus, pater mens, quam ego
presentibus sigilla nostra apposuimus. Datum apud Tynemuth, xij die Junii, A.D. 1335. Ibid. fol. 169.

' Hec indentura, facta inter dominum Michaelem abbatem de sancto Albano, Ricardum priorem de
Tynemouth, et ejusdem loci conventum ex parte una, et Willelmum Faukes de Bacworth ex parte alia,
testatur quod, cum controversia mota esset inter prefatos abbatem, priorem et conventum, et predictum
Willelmum de serviciis, redditibus, et consuetudinibus que predict! abbas, prior et conventus a prefato
Willelmo exigebant pro terris et tenenientis que idem Willelmus de ipsis, etc., tenet in West Bakworth,
videlicet de homagio et fidelitate, et duobus solidis pro cornagio abbatis annuatim solvendis in festo
apostolorum Petri and Pauli, et pro quodam redditu quadraginta denariorum annuatim solvendo ad
festa sancti Martini et pentecoste, et sex denariorum pro cariagio ad molendinum de Flatford faciendo,
et pro secta ad molendinum ipsius prioris facienda, et de quadam consuetudine que vocatur Conveys,
videlicet festum ad natale Domini per duos dies et duas noctes familiae prioris et conventus cum equis
et canibus ejusdem familiae quolibet anno, vel octo solidos et quatuor denarios pro voluntate prioris, et
faciendo et reparando quandam partem molendini predict!, et faciendo quolibet anno unum bon-eor
et unum bon-harwe cum duobus ecjuis quando priori placuerit semel in anno apud Bacworth vel alibi, et
ad inveniendum in autumpno duos homines ad metendum blada prioris apud Bacworth vel alibi, et ad
magnam precariam quatuor homines, et quod tunc ipsemet iret ultra metentes, et quod faceret sectam
ad curiam prioris de tribus septimanis in tres septimanas ; quae quidem servicia, redditus et consue-
tudines fatebatur se debere predictis abbati, priori et conventui, pro terris et tenementis suis predictis ;
et postmodum inter eos conquievit in hunc modum : videlicet quod predict! abbas, prior et conventus
concesserunt prefato Willelmo et heredibus suis omnia terras et tenementa sua predicta tenenda de ipsis
abbati, priori et conventui, et eorum successoribus per homagium et fidelitatem et faciendo sectam ad
curiam prioris apud Tynemuth vel alibi ubi libera curia prioris tenetur infra libertatem ejusdem prioris
vel successorum suorum de tribus septimanis in tres septimanas, et reddendo inde annuatim prefatis
priori et conventui et eorum successoribus viginti solidos argenti solvendos ad festa Pentecoste et
Sancti Martini in hieme per equales portiones imperpetuum ; videlicet, pro cornagio predicto duos
solidos et quadraginta denarios prius debitos, et pro consuetudine predicta cjue vocatur Conveys octo
solidos et quatuor denarios, et pro cariagio ad molendinum debito et pro factura et reparacione ejusdem
molendini et bon-eor et bon-harwe et pro dietis in autumpno supradictis quatuor solidos et quatuor

BACKWORTH TOWNSHIP. 37

Information regarding the Backworths of East Backworth is less full
than in the case of the Faukes family, but here too there were quarrels.
When Abbot Maryns came to Tynemouth in 1306, John dc Backworth
refused to pay any sum for recognition, and his case was referred to the
decision of the free court. ^ His interest in Backworth appears to have
been subsequently acquired by the prior and convent, for in 1345 Robert
de Tewyng granted to the monastery the reversion, upon the death of
John de Backworth, of a messuage, 112 acres, and six shillings rent in
Backworth. These premises were found to be held by suit of court and
13s. 8d. yearly rent.^ In 1353 the prior and convent acquired in addition
four tofts and a hundred acres in Backworth from William de Backworth
and Matilda his wife.'

The Scot family of Newcastle and Elswick were also proprietors in
this township, their title originating in a lease, probably for a term of lives,
of twenty acres in Elswick and thirty-six acres in West Backworth, made
by Prior Dunham {circa 1252-1265) to Nicholas Fitz Mayor of Newcastle.^
These lands were in 13 12 in the possession of Nicholas, son of John Scot,
who, with Isolda his wife, then made an entail of his property in Newcastle,
Elswick and Backworth, in favour of his son, John Scot.'

By successives purchases during the fourteenth century the prior and
convent accumulated lands in Backworth." Thus they received pardon in
1307 for acquiring seven tofts and 140 acres in East and West Backworth

denarios, et pro secta ad molendinum prioiis piedicta duos solidos, et pro omnibus aliis serviciis,
redditibus, consuetudinibus et demandis quae a prefato Willelmo et heredibus suis exigi poterunt in
futurum. In cujus rei testimonium, etc. Hiis testibus, Roberto de la \'ale, Johanna de Fenwyk, et
Roberto Darreys, militibus, Tboma de Fenwyk, Alano de Fenwyk, Johanna de Saton, et ahis. Datum
quoad prefatum abbatem apud sanctum Albanum in festo sancti Edmundi, regis et martiris, A.D. 1339,
et quoad prefatos priorem et conventum et Willahnum apud Tynamulh in festo sancti Andree apostoh
anno supradicto. [November 20th and November 30th.]

Noverint univarsi par presentes quod, cum Willelmus Faukes de Bacvvorth teneat de abbate de
Sancto Albano, priore de Tynemuth et ejusdem loci convantu, terras et tenementa sua in Wast Bacworth
per homagium et fidalitatam et per servicium viginti solidorum per annum, etc., iidem abbas, prior et con-
ventus, remiserunt, etc., et quietum clamaverunt predicto Willelmo quatuor solidos de predictis viginti
solidis annul redditus tota vita ipsius Willelmi, etc. Datum apud Tynemuth, die lunaa proxima post
fastum Sanctaa Katerinae virginis, A.D. 1339. [November 29th.] Ibid. fol. 120.

' Quia Johannes de Bacworth dicebat sa non teneri ad recognicionem faciendam domino abbati in
adventu suo apud Tynem', preceptum fuit compeliere dictum Johannem per capcionem avariorum usque
ad satisfaccionam condignam ; et postaa venit idem Johannes at optulit domino abbati inquisicionem
habendam utrum ipse et antecessores sui solebant facere recognicionem talem de consuetudine, vel liberi
esse a tali contribucione, prout idem Johannes asserit ; et conceditur ei usque ad liberam curiam post
fastum sancti Michaelis, et preceptum est par abbatem senescallo prioris ut sequatur pro abbate ut huic
inde fiat plena justicia. St. Alban's Registey, fol. 164.

'"' See vol. viii. of this work, p. 115 ; Inq. ad quod damnum, file cclxxix. No. 9.

' Feet of Fines, Edward III. No. 99. * St. Alban's Register, fol. 129.

^ Feet of Fines, Edward II. No. 24. ' See vol. viii. of this work, pp. 115-117.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

from Adam de Pickering, formerly coroner of the liberty; and in 1325 a
toft and forty acres of land belonging to John, son of Ralph the serjeant, of
Monkseaton, became part and parcel of the monastic possessions/ In this
case a record exists of the terms on which the holding was granted out
to its first lessee. William Frere took the toft and lands for the term of
his life. He engaged himself to pay, during the first year, 6d. for every
acre he should sow. The second year he should pay a mark, and twenty
shillings lor every subsequent year, and four shillings for customary
services. The above payments were to be made to the warden of the
lady-chapel of Tynemouth. Other services were due to the prior, namely,
5d. for abbot's cornage, i^d. for carriage work to the mill, fd. for prior's
cornage, and 2s. 3d. for Conveys. He was also to do suit to the mill, to
do boon-ere and boon-harrow every other year, and to find one man every
other year to do one day's reaping, and one man every year to work in
the great boon-work. He agreed to build on the toft at his own cost, and
as there were no buildings on the land at the time of his taking the lease,
he was excused the payment of a fine for admittance." The lease shows
the old bondage system passing into tenant right. A contractual element
begins to intrude into, and to model, customary status.

Survey of Bacworth, 1377.'

Tenant, Holding. Convent rent.

s. d.

Thomas Copon Land at the lord's will ; paying 20s. rent to the —

master of the lady-chapel and 2s. to the prior ...

Master of the lady-chapel 2 cottages, 7 acres 6 o

.^dam Mayson One bondage holding 13 4

Do. I cottage, 4 acres 4 o

' The title deeds of this propeity, as set out in the Tynemouth Chartulayy (fols. 86 and 87) are:
(i) grant from John fitz Ralph to John de Houworth, dated at Tynemouth, May 5th, 1321 : 'hiis testibus,
dominis Roberto de la \'al, Adam de Benton, militibus, Johanne de Bacworth, Henrico Faukes, Sinione
de Welteden, Johanne de Horsley, juniore, et aliis ' ; (2) conveyance of this and other lands by John de
Houworth, vicar of Tynemouth, to Thomas de Raynton, dated March 19th, 1324/5 ; (3) conveyance by
Thomas de Raynton to the prior and convent, dated August 5th, 1325.

- Curia senescalli Willelmus Frere cepit ad terminum vite sue illud toftum et illam terram

cum pertinenciis que fuerunt Johannis de Seton in villa de Bacworth, reddendo inde custodi capelle
sancte Marie de Tynemuth pro uno anno, videlicet ad festum pentecoste anno domino 1330 et ad festum
sancti Martini tunc proximum sequens, per equales porciones, pro qualibet acra quam ipse de predicta
terra seniinaverit vj'' ; et in anno sequenti ad prediclos terminos unam marcam, et ex ceteris singulis
annis quamdiu vixerit xx solidos ad terminos prenotatos, et alia servicia inde debita et consueta,
videlicet ad terminos prenotatos iiij solidos ; ac priori servicia subscripta, videlicet pro cornagio abbatis,
v'', et pro cariagio molendino j'' ob., et pro cornagio prioris ob. quad., et conveys videlicet ij' iij''. Et
faciet sectam suam de molendino prout ad tantam terram pertinet in eadem villa, et bon-er et bon-harou
quolibet altero anno ; et similiter inveniet unum hominem quolibet altero anno in autumpno per unum
diem ad metendum, et quolibet anno vite hominem ad magnam precariani. Et predictum toftum
suniptibus suis edificabitur, quia tempore illo quo illud cepit, nichil omnino fuit ibi edificatum, et ideo
nichil dat pro ingressu. Ibid. fol. 159.

" Ibid. fols. 53 and 60 b.

BACKWORTH TOWNSHIP. 39

Survey of Bacworth 1377 {contimud).

Tenant. Holding. - Convent rent.

s. d.

Adam Sadeler's wife ... i cottage, 4 acres ... ... ... ... ... 3 o

William Laundels ... i cottage, 3 acres ... ... ... ... ... 3 o

William Horton ... ... I acre ... ... ... ... ... ... ... o 6

Simon Punder ... ... 4 acres ... ... ... ... ... 2 o

Free Tenant.s.

John Bacworth ... ... — ... ... ... ... ... 2 3

William Horton ... ... — ... ... ... ... ... 2 o

(Formerly — Flane) ... 2 acres o 3I

The next survey, that taken in 1538, shows that the same changes had
been at work at Backworth in the fifteenth century as had been operating
in the other townships. All the freeholds had been extinguished, the whole
township being in the direct ownership of the prior and convent. The
monastic demesne had gone out of cultivation. A very small portion of
the township remained under the plough, 260 acres being arable, and twenty
acres meadow, while over 1,000 acres were common pasture. The cul-
tivated land was divided into ten husbandlands or farms of equal size, each
paying twenty shillings rent, and two and a half quarters of wheat and one
quarter of oats, as well as 2d. for pannage and 8d. for the tithe of hay.
Each holding had extensive pastoral rights, namely, common for six oxen,
six cattle, two horses and thirty sheep. The farms were all in different
hands, but a single family, named Dennand, held four out of the ten farms.
The hall-garth was farmed at is. lod. by all the tenants in common." Only
one hamlet is mentioned, and West Backworth had probably by this time
been deserted and fallen into decay.

At a later date, but before 1650, the tenants appear to have divided the
lands immediately north of Backworth lane into ten closes, each of fifteen
or sixteen acres in extent, which they severally appropriated. An account
of the agricultural arrangements of the township, noted down by the Rev.
John Hodgson in 181 1, is traditional, but in part, at least, trustworthy.

There are at the head of the village to this day ten fields, each divided in the middle, and which were
the enclosed arable lands of the several tenants. East of this was the night-close, in which the cattle
were watched during the nights. Each owner had an equal share of the township, except Robinson,
whose field is called High and Low Double close. These tenants of Backworth had some large fields in
which they grew their hay and divided it into tenths. The pasture was on the north side of the village,
and reached to Halliwell burn. The village herd lived on Hobb's-hill, the name of a field near Halliwell
burn."

' Ministers' Accounts, 38 Hen. VIII. -i Edw. VI. No. 51 ; Gibson, Tyiicmonth, vol. i. p. 223.
■ Rev. John Hodgson's Collections Earsdon Guard-book.

40 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

In the first half of the seventeenth century several well known families
had holdings in Backworth. Among them may be mentioned the names
of Deckham/ Bowes,^ Delaval,^ Otway/ Ogle,* and Grey. Ralph Grey,
a Newcastle merchant who traced his descent from the Greys of Hebburn
near Jarrow," first became connected with Backworth in 1628. He pur-
chased one holding after another, and in 1664 was owner of six out of the
ten copyhold farms and was in a position to enforce a partition of the
township upon the four remaining yeomen-farmers. The agreement for
division, which is dated July 25th, 1664, contains the following clauses:

Articles of agreement made between Ralph Grey of Newcastle, merchant, of the one part, and James
Dinninge, John Corneath, Thoinas Mattland, and Thomas Winshipp of Backworth, yeomen, of the
other part.

(i) The following parcels of land shall remain in common between the parties : all high-ways, the
west green and the quarries, the smith's and the herd's garth, the townstead and town-gate, the watering
springs and the way thence to the west gate of the town, and the way on the east side of the town which
passeth from the upper corner of Mr. Grey's walled garths.

(2) The said Ralph Grey shall have, in consideration of his six parts of ten of the town : all houses
and coat-houses belonging to those si.x farms, the Wheat field and East field, Dymister's nook, the West
acres, the Castle field and South field, the old garths, the park, the Pease field, Oliver Ogle's close,
James Bewicke's close, the double close, Anthony Younger's close, John Hymers' close, Mr. Gray's stack
garth, Mr. Gray's nursery and out-garth, Mr. Gray's garden and bowl-alley, Mr. Gray's curtain-garden,
the first long garth west from Mr. Gray's garth next the quarry, Oliver Ogle's garth, Mr. Gray's double
garth, and 54 acres i rood 32^ perches which he is to dyke off out of the North field and Rye hill from
the north-west corner of Oliver Ogle's garth ; total, 784 acres 2 roods iS perches.

(3) The rest of the township shall remain to the said Dinninge, Corneath, Mattland, and Winshipp.'

' Edward Deckham of Gateshead, from whom Deckham's hall takes its name, made his will on
December 17th, 1614, and thereby devised his lands in Backworth to Robert Brighouse, son of Tempest
Brighouse, late of Newcastle, draper, and desired the earl of Northumberland to admit him as next heir.
Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 131. On April 22nd, 162S, Ralph (jrey was admitted to the said lands on the
surrender of Robert Brighouse. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

- Henry Bowes, sheriff of Newcastle in 1623, was, on April i6th, 1601, admitted to a tenement in
Backworth. His son and heir. Sir Francis Bowes of Thornton hall, knight, surrendered his holding to
Ralph Grey, who was admitted to the same on October 22nd, 1638. Thomas Bowes held a tenement in
Backworth in 1608. His death was presented at the manor court, October 2nd, 1622, when Ralph
Bowes, then five years of age, was found to be his son and heir. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. For
pedigree of Bowes of Thornton see .Surtees, Durham, vol. iii. p. 383.

^ For Clement Delaval see above, p. 171. An old house in the village, existing in iSii, but since
demolished, bore the initials of Clement Delaval and of Lucy his wife :

16 03.
C L

Rev. John Hodgson's Collections, Earsdon Guard-book.

' On April 3rd, 1605, Thomas Otway of Preston was admitted to a tenement in Backworth late be-
longing to Clement Delaval i Laud Revenue Survey, :6o8. His son, Robert Otway, sold this tenement on
December ist, 1653, to Ralph Grey the younger; duke of Northumberland's ]\ISS. See also vol. viii.
of this work, p. 346.

' A pedigree of Ogle is given below under Burradon.

« For notes on Grey of Hebburn see Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 74.

' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

BACKWORTH TOWNSHIP.

GREY OF BACKWORTH.

Arms : Barry 0/ six, nrgivit anii azure, on a //end gules, three /lezants. Pedigree at Heralds' College.

James Grey of Newcaslle, a younger son of = Eleanor, daughter of Andrew Bewick

William Grey of Hebburn, co. Durham
(a) ; will dated 1 6th August, 1599 (m).*

of Newcastle [married 13th April,
1587] (/).

Ralph Grey of Newcastle (fl), had a
house on the Sandhill, Newcastle, left
him by his father's will («;) ; appren-
ticed 30th December, 1605, to Cuth-
bert Bewick of Newcastle, boothman
(!) ; was admitted to lands at Back-
worth, 22nd April, 1628, on the
surrender of Robert Brighouse (c) ;
purchased lands at Preston in 1650
(c) ; died 30th May, i656 ; buried
at All Saints', Newcastle (/), aged
82 («) ; will dated 2nd June, 1663
(0-

= Barbara, daughter of William Hall of

Newcastle, merchant and alderman {a) ;

sister and at length co-heir of Sir .Alex.

Hall of Elemore (/) ; held of her own

right an undivided share of Elemore, co.

Durham ; widow of Sheffield Calverley

I of Newcastle («) ; stated to have been

I married to Ralph Grey in 1625 (^) ;

I buried 1st April, 1666 (0).

Cuthbert, buried

20th Sept., 1596 (0).
James Grey (»;).

I I I
Joshua Grey (nt).
Margaret (w).
Eleanor (/«)•

Ralph Grey of Newcastle («) and Backworth, admitted free of Merchants'
Company, 15th October, 1656 (O ; was 39 years of age when he
entered his pedigree, 24th August, 1666 (ji) ; was admitted to lands at
Preston, 1st October, i656, on the death of his father (c) ; sheriff of
Newcastle, 1667, and mayor in 1671 ; buried at St. Nicholas', 7th
December, 1676 (/)) (^) ; administration of personal estate, 2nd May, 1677,
granted to his widow (/).

Margaret, daughter of Roger Bateman of
' Blease,' Westmorland (a) ; surrendered
lands in Backworth, Earsdon, and Preston,
17th October, i588, to the use of her son
Ralph (c) ; stated to have been married in
1655 ig) ; named in the will of her son
Williain in 1714 (/).

„ I I

Roger, died in infancy ;
buried 1655 C^).

Ralph Grey of Newcastle
and Backworth, bap-
tised I2lh July, 165S
(^) ; was 8 years of age
in 1666 (a) ; admitted
free of Merchants' Com-
pany by patrimony,
22nd March, t6S2 (/) ;
buried at St. Nicholas',
23rd November, 1699
(J>) (^) ; administration
of his personal estate,
26thjune, 1700, granted
to his brother William

(0-

William Grey of the Sandhill, Newcastle, :
and of Backworth, baptised loth
November, 1659 (^) ; was 7 years of
age in 1666 (17) ; educated at Bury
St. Edmunds and at St. John's Col-
lege, Cambridge ; matriculated 23rd
May, 1674, aged 16 (/) ; admitted to
Lincoln's Inn, gth August, 1676 ;
admitted to tenements at Backworth,
Earsdon, Preston, and Monkseaton,
23rd April, 1700, on the death of his
brother (r) ; admitted free of the
Merchants' Companj', i5th October,
1702, by patrimony (?) ; buried in St.
Nicholas', Newcastle, 15th July, 1714
(^) ; will dated 26th May, 1714 ;
proved 17 16 (c) (/).

Anne, daughter of
William Carr of
Newcastle, alder-
man (;-), widow
of Robert Grey
of Newcastle,
doctor of physic,
married 24th
September, 1705
(.^) ; she mar-
ried, thirdly,
17th September,
1 71 7, Thomas
Holmes, comp-
troller of cus-
toms, Newcastle

I I I M

Richard Grey, baptised 1st
December, 1661 (^) ; was 5
years of age in 1666 (<?) ;
admitted free of the Mer-
chants' Company by patri-
mony, 22nd March, 1682
(;■) ; died 19th February,
1 701/2 {b) C?) 0).

James Grey, born 1662 (j?) ;
was 3 years of age in i656

Other sons died in infancy (^).
Margaret, named in her father's

will.
Ann, named in her father's will.
Barbara, died in infancy ; buried

1655 ig)-

I
Ralph William Grey of Backworth, baptised at All
Saints', Newcastle, 8th January, 1707 ; sold his
portion of Elemore, co. Durham, circa 1 740, to
George Barber; admitted free of Merchants' Com-
pany by patrimony, 19th November, 1741 (j) ;
died 5th Nov., 1786, aged 78 (c) ; buried at St.
Nicholas' (J>) {c) ; administr.ation of his personal
estate, 3rd August, 1787, granted to his son (/).

Mary, daughter William Grey of Margaret, born

of William
Rawsthorn of
Newhall, Lan-
cashire, buried
at St. Nicho-
las', 5th Sep-
tember, 1746.

Trinity Col-
lege, Oxon.,
matriculated
1 8th Novem-
ber, 1725,
aged 17 (r/).

Gth August,
i7o6(;); died
at her house.
Dean Street,
Soho, Lon-
don, May,
1758 W.

I I
.Ann, born 2nd

June, 1711 ; died

22nd December,

1711 (;•).
.Ann, born 3rd

August, 1713 ;

living unmarried,

1743 ('•)■

Ralph William Grey of Backworth, admitted free of Merchants' = Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Brand

Company by patrimony, 15th .August, 1768 (;) ; high sheriff of
Northumberland, 1792 ; died iSth July, 18 12, aged 66 ; buried at
St. Nicholas' ((5); will dated 24th August, iSii ; proved, 1814 (/).

^of Gosforth, married at Gosforth,
3rd July, 1777 (c); named in the will
of her son, Ralph William (/).

I
Isabella .Ann
Alice, born
4th Februar)',
1742 (r).

Vol. IX.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

I
Ralph William Grey of Back- :
worth, baptised I2th June,
1780 (y) ; admitted free of
Merchants' Company, igth
Dec, 1S12, by patrimony (/') ;
sold Backworth in 1821 ; died
at Doncaster, June, 1822, aged
42 ; buried at St. Nicholas',
Newcastle (b") ; will dated
22ndFeb.,l822; pr.atCanter-
biiry, l6lh Dec. 1823, and at
Durham, 19th May, 1828 (/).

.•\nne, daughter of Sir
Samuel Clarke Jervoise
of Idsworth, bart., mar-
ried at St. George's,
Hanover Square, i8th
March, 1817; soledevi-
see under her husband's
will subject to certain
legacies (/) ; she mar-
ried, secondly, 26th
December, 1827, John
Abel Smith ; died 1858.

Sir Charles Edward Grey, G.C.H., baptised
29th December, 1785 (g') ; of University Col-
lege, O.xon. ; matriculated 15th May, 1802,
aged 16 ; B.A., 1806 ; admitted to Lincoln's
Inn, 17th May, 1 806 ; fellow of Oriel ; judge
of Supreme Court of Madras; knighted 17th
M.ay, 1820; chief justice of Bengal, 1825;
commissioner for Lower Canada, 1835 ; ad-
mitted free of Newcastle Merchants' Company,
5th Aug., 1837 (0 ; M.P.for Tynemouth, 1838-
1841 ; governor of Windward Islands, 1841,
and of Jamaica, 1846 ; died June, 1865 ((/).

Elizabeth,
dau. of Sir
S. Clarke
Jervoise of
Idsworth,
bart.; died
November
1850.

Ralph William Grey of Chipchase Castle ; M.P. for
Tynemouth, 1847-1852, for Liskeard, 1854-1859 ;
secretary to the Poor Law Board, 1851-1852 ;
commissioner of customs, 1859-1869 (y) ; sold
Chipchase in 1862 ; died 1869.

Elizabeth Anne, bom 3rd May, 1818 ; baptised at Marylebone
(f) ; married George Vivian of Claverton. near Bath, and
died i8th July, 1902.

Frances Maria ; married Hon. C. Grantham Scott, and died
March loth, 1902.

John Grey, baptised 17th January, 1788 (^) ; lieut.-colonel, Scots
Greys. ~.\/

Henry Rowland Grey, baptised 27th .\ugust, 1790 (^) ; died in his
father's lifetime (c).

George Francis Grey, baptised 13th February, 1794 ig) ; of University
CoUege, O.xon. ; matriculated 26th April, 1811, aged 17; B.A.,
1814 ; fellow, 1814-1S53 ; M..-\., 1822 (</) ; admitted to Lincoln's
Inn, 19th November, 1S24 ; clerk in orders ; died at Lausanne, 6th
October, 1854 ; buried at Sallaz, Switzerland.

Matthew Robert Grey, baptised 21st January, 1 797 (^) ; of Oriel
College, 0.\on. ; matriculated 26th April, 1814, aged 17; B..^.,
1817 ; fellow of Merton, 1818-1850 ; U.h. 1821 {d) ; died Novem-
ber, 1850.

I I I I I

Elizabeth Mary, baptised 8th June, 1778 (y); married
istAug., 1805, William Linskill of Tynemouth (jf).

Mary Eleanor, baptised 3rd June, 1779 (y) ;
married at Long Benton, 14th December, 1801,
George Payne of Sulby Abbey, co. Northampton.

Anne Barbara, baptised 29th October, 1781 (<r) {g') ;
buried at Easington, 1st March, 1788 (c).

Charlotte Margaret, baptised 15th January, 1784
(^) ; married, 8th March, 1 804, William Lewis
Hughes of Kinmell Park, Denbigh (^) ; after-
wards created Viscount Dinorben.

Anne Emma, born 4th July, 1802 (c) ; died at
Hastings, 4th March, 1827.

Charles William Grey, captain, R.A., born
1824 ; died 1855.

Jervoise John Grey, I.C.S., born :
1828 ; died 1884.

: Elizabeth, daughter of H. Holroyd ;
married 1853.

Edward Grey of Oriel College, Oxon. ; matric- :
ulated 13th June, 1850, aged 18 ; admitted
to Lincoln's Inn lith November, 1865 ; of
I.C.S. ; residing in 1907 at Rotherfield,
Sussex.

Lucy Sarah,
daughter of
H. Holroyd;
mar. in Cal-
cutta, 1863.

I
Henry Row-
1 a n d E.
Grey, capt.
R.N., born
1S34. si/

I I

George Grey, of Oriel College, Seven

Oxon. ; matriculated 17th daugh-

Feb., 1853 ; B.A. 1857 ; M.A. ters.
1859 ; admitted to Lincoln's
Inn 15th Jan., 1856; died 1877.

Edward Charles Grey, of Trinity College, Oxon. : matriculated
17th October, 1885, aged iS ; admitted to Lincoln's Inn, 19th
November, 1 885 ; Acting .Administrator-General of Bengal, 1903.

Ralph Henry Grey, born 1868 ;
sometime lieutenant, Royal Welsh
Fusiliers.

I
Two daugh-
ters.

For the will of James Grey of Newcastle, see Durham Wills and Inventories, Surt. Soc. vol. iii. p. 172.

(«) Dugdale, Visitation 0/ Noi-thumherland, 1666.

((}) Welford, St. Nicholas.

((/) Foster, .4lumni Oxonienses.

(e) Admissions to St. John's College, Cambridge.

(/) Welford, Men of Mark, vol. ii. p'p. 380-383.

(^) Earsdon Register.

(0 Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, Dendy, vol. ii.

(/f) Newcastle Courant, 3rd June, 1 758,

(/) Durham Probate Registry.

(ni) Raine, Test. Dunelm.

(h) Raine, Test. Ehcr.

(0) Register, St. Nicholas', Newcastle.

Ip) Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 193.

Qf/) Wallsend Register.

('•) Registered pedigree at Heralds' College.

Thus the southern portion of the township was allotted in severalty to
the Greys, while the northern portion remained unenclosed and continued

BURRADON TOWNSHIP. 43

to be cultivated in the old fashion by the four 'lairds' of Backwortli.'
One by one the remaining holdings came into the hands of the Greys ; and
when, on April 26th, 1707, Nicholas Fenwick of Newcastle, surrendered to
William Grey the lands which had come to him through Sarah Winship his
wife, the whole of Backworth became consolidated into a single estate."

The old hall of the Greys, built in 1675, was replaced in 1792 by
the present mansion, which continued to be the family residence until
1822. Disputes with regard to the right of working coal in Backworth
resulted in the duke of Northumberland's purchase of the whole of the Grey
estates in Backworth, Preston, Monkseaton, Earsdon, Holywell, and Long
Benton, in that year for the sum of ^'160,000.^ Since 1822 coal has been
continuously worked by the Backworth Colliery Company ; fire-brick is
manufactured out of the seams of clay found in the coal-measures ; and the
population has increased ten-fold, mainly in the direction of Shire Moor, of
which 141 acres were annexed to the township upon its division in 1787.

BURRADON TOWNSHIP.

Burradon township contains 548 acres, and is bounded by Backworth
upon the east, by Seghill upon the north-east, by Weetslade upon the
north-west and west, and by Great Benton upon the south. Like Burradon
in Coquetdale, the place possibly takes its name from an early strong-
hold which once crowned the eminence.^ Though forming part of Tyne-
mouth parish, there is little historical connexion between Burradon and
the neighbouring townships, and it was a detached portion of the lordship
of Whalton, a barony created by the Conqueror.*

Walter fitz William, lord of Whalton, informed Henry H. in his cartel

' In a surrender taken in 1687 the six Grey farms are described as ' boundering on Killingworth moor
on the south side, and the lands of Burradon on the west side, on the lands of Ralph Bates, esq., and the
field called Peirson's field on the east side, and on the lands lying undivided and belonging to the lairds
of Backworth on the north side.' Tynemouth Court Rolls.

'' Sarah Winship was daughter and heir of Thomas Winship of Newcastle, tanner, who died
September 2nd, 1695, and granddaughter of Thomas Winship, who was rated for lands in Backworth
in 1663. Upon her death, which occurred on March 26th, 1732, Thomas Winship of Walker was found
next heir, as son of John Winship, son of Roger Winship (of Killingworth), brother of Thomas Winship
the elder. Tynemouth Court Rolls and Monumental Inscription, St. Andrew's, Newcastle.

' The sale of the copyhold estates was carried into effect by a private Act of Parliament, 1 and 2
George IV. cap. ix.

■" The early fonn of the name, Burg-dun, favours its derivation from the Anglo-Saxon hurh,

''Population statistics are as follow : 1801, 29; iSii, 48; 1821,52; 1831,67; 1841,97; 1851,87;
1861, 507; 1871, 561 ; 18S1, 1,110; 1891, 1,156; 1901, 1,215.

44 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

of 1166 that he had enteoffed William de Newham, Bertram de Widdring-
ton and Gilbert de Ogle of half a knight's fee of his demesne.' His grant
to Bertram de Widdrington included the vill of Widdrington and half of
Burradon,^ and was made before the year 1162. Gilbert de Ogle's original
fee lay in the village from which he took his name, but was extended by
Constance de Cramavill, heiress of Walter fitz William/ who granted to
him the other moiety of Biirradon. The services rendered by Widdrington
and by Ogle are given in the inquest of 1240 as one knight's fee and one
and a half knight's fees of the old feoffment respectively.^ Ogle's moiety
was held subject to a yearly payment of sixpence for castle-ward.*

' Red Book of the Exchequer, Rolls Series, p. 436.

- ' Villain que vocatiir Wedringtuna et medietatem Burgdunie.' The Rev. John Hodgson, in printing
the deed (Northumberland, part ii. vol. ii. p. 248), reads Burgundic, but the grant was not of such a princely
character. William de Grenville, one of the witnesses, died in or about the year 1162.

' Walter fitz William survived to the year 1 172, when he paid scutage (Pipe Rolls, ed. Hodgson, p. 21).
His wife's name was Isabella, and with her he was a joint benefactor of He.\ham priory (Hodgson,
Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 167) ; but he appears to have left no male issue by his marriage. His
daughter and heiress, Constance [Pipe Rolls, p. 68 ; Brinkburn Chnrtulary, p. 57), married Ralph de
Cramavill, who paid scutage for the Whalton barony in 1197 {Pipe Rolls, p. 62). Ralph de Cramavill
appears to have died in that year, for his widow paid a fine in 1198 on condition that she should not be
distrained to many again against her will {ibid. p. 65). Constance de Cramavill continued to hold the
barony in her own right until 1202 {ibid. p. 81), but in 1203- 1204 her land was in the king's hand
{ibid. pp. 85, 87). She w-as still living in 1210 {Placitorum Abbreviaiio, p. 67). Her heir, Robert de
Cramavill, paid a fine and relief for Whalton barony in 1204 {Pipe Rolls, p. 88). He made a grant of
the whole barony in the following year to Robert fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth {Rotiili Litteraruni
Clausarum, Record Com. vol. i. p. 35 ; Rotnli Chartarum, Record Com. p. 152).

Helwys, second daughter of Walter fitz William, married Richard de Canvill (Pipe Rolls, p. 46)
in or about the year 1188, and carried with her to her husband certain lands in Northumberland.
Gosforth appears to have been included in her dowry, for Richard de Canvill, with the consent of his wife,
confirmed that place to his son-in-law, Robert de Insula (Dodsworth MS. 49, fol. 34). The seignory,
however, remained with the descendants of the elder sister. An inquisition taken in 1212 states that
nothing had been alienated from the barony (Testa de Nevil in Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. x.xv. p. 154).

The Rev. John Hodgson's pedigree of the lords of Whalton {Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. i. p. 372)
is mainly founded upon Dugdale and is incorrect in its earlier stages, which should be as follow :

Walter fitz William = Isabella.

i I

Ralph de Cramavill = Constance. Helwys = Richard de Canvill.

I I

Robert de Cramavill. A daughter, who married Robert de Insula,

a quo Lisle of Felton.

Constance de Cramavill's grant to Gilbert Ogle was confirmed by her son, Robert de Cramavill, in
the following charter {circa 1204) :

Sciant tarn futuri quam presentes quod ego, Robertus de Giamavill, hares domine Constancie de
Gramavilla, concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Gilberto de Oggel totam medietatem ville
de Burgedun cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, etc., scilicet illani medietatem quam Constancia mater mea
vidua Gilberto de Ogg^ell pro homagio suo et servicio dedit et concessit et carta sua confirmavit. Quare
volo quod predictus Gilbertus de Oggell et heredes sui post se habeant et teneant predictam terrain, etc.,
quietam de me et de heredibus meis in feudo et hereditate, libere et quiete, etc., reddendo annuatim sex
denarios ad wardam Novi Castelli supra Tinam, etc. Hiis testibus, Waltero filio Gilberti, Germano
Tisun, Oteweio de Insula, Roberto de Ncuhain, Galfrido de Wdringtun, Nicholao de Morewic, Willelmo
Mautalent, Willelmo Scotto, Hugone de Aiscnd', Hugone de Morewic, Willelmo de Caistillun, Adam filio
Gilberti, Roberto de Glanteleie, Roberto de Oggell, Adam Scotto, et multis aliis. Brumell Charters,
No. I. This collection of ancient deeds is in the custody of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries, and
has been calendared in Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. xxiv. pp. 115-123.

' Testa de Nevill, Record Com. p. 382 ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 204.

' See Robert de Cramavill's charter quoted above.

BURRADON TOWNSHIP. 45

Agnes, widow of Gilbert de Ogle II., is found in 1222 claiming
eighty-four acres of land in Burradon as dower from Thomas de Ogle,
guardian of the land and person of Hugh de Ogle. She compounded
her claim for an annuity of twenty shillings.' As she was entitled to a
third of her husband's estate, it follows that the Ogle moiety was then
estimated to contain 252 acres. Its size was increased or its title was
assured in 1241, when Adam de Replinton quit-claimed to Gilbert de
Ogle III. all right to a fourth part of the manor of Burradon and to
eight shillings rent issuing from the vill."

Probably before the date of Quia Emptor cs (1290) the Ogle moiety
passed to the Grapers.^ The name of Peter Graper, four times burgess
for Newcastle and mayor of that town in 1304- 1306, stands alone under
Burradon in the subsidy-roll of 1296.^ His heir, Adam Graper, married
Agnes, daughter and co-heiress of Richard de Emeldon, mayor of New-
castle, by whom he had no male issue, but left two daughters, Matilda and
Alice. Alice succeeded to her father's lands in Burradon. She M'as twice
married, first to Robert Orde, and secondly to Nicholas Sabraham.'' In
1387 Sabraham and his wife entailed their half of the manor upon their
son-in-law and daughter, Walter and Alice Lewyn, and upon the heirs of
their bodies, with ultimate remainder to Alice Sabraham 's right heirs."
The moiety reverted in due course to the descendants of Alice Sabraham
by her first marriage, as appears by an enfeoffment of the property made
by John Laton, chaplain, and John Scaleby to William Orde and
Christiana his wife.' In an inquisition taken in 1441, the manor was re-
turned as worth twenty-six shillings, and in 1482 as worth twenty shillings
yearly and no more, by reason of the barrenness of the soil, and the
devastation of the country-side by war and Scottish invasions.*

' Curia Regis Rolls, No. 8i. Compare Pipe Rolls, ed. Hodgson, p. 127.

■ Feet of Fines, Hen. III. No. loS.

^ In 1441 this moiety of Burradon was found to be held of Sir Robert Ogle ' ut de manerio suo de
Ogle per servicium unius paris calcarium deauratorum.' Inq. p.m. 19 Hen. VI. No. 13.

' Sumnia bonorum Petri Graper, ^4 15s. 4d. ; unde regi, 8s. 8d. Lay Subsidy Roll, Northumber-
land, ip.

' A pedigree of Graper is given in vol. vii. of this work, p. 391. For an account of the descendants
of Adam Gr.aper and Alice de Emeldon, see Dendy, ' Jesmond,' in Arch. Ael. 3rd series, vol. i. pp. 65-68.

' Feet of Fines, 10 Ric. II. No. 22.

' Inq. p.m. 19 Hen. VI. No. 13. Yet Walter Levvin and Alice Sabraham left descendants in the male
line to the sixth generation. See the Lewin pedigree in vol vi. of this work, p. 148.

* Inq. p.m. cit. and 22 Edw. IV. No. 22.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

In 1548 George Orde conveyed to his nephew, Bertram Ander-
son of Newcastle, his manor of Burradon and lands in Burradon,
Jesmond and Elswick.^ Bertram Anderson appears to have resided

Burradon Tower.

here,^ and may be identified with the builder of the tower which is still
standing,

' Feet of Fines, 2 Edw. VI., also Mich, i and 2 Eliz. Members of the Orde family continued to reside
at Burradon. ' 1648, November 28th, Catherine, daughter of Edward Ourd of Burradon, gent., baptised.'
Earsdon Registers.

■ Bertram Anderson is described as of Burradon in a list of border commissioners drawn up in I553i
and published by Hodgson-Hinde, Northumberland, p. 360.

BURRADON TOWNSHIP.

The tower is comparatively small. It measures on the exterior
twenty-five feet three inches by twenty-two feet six inches, and rises
three stories in height, unbroken by any architectural feature or projec-
tion. It is built of small rough rubble stones, well bonded at the angles
with good long quoins, and is surmounted at the roof level with a para-
pet carried on a corbel table. A machicolation on three oversailing

SovfTH Elevation

East Elevatioai

Sect ion -At A.

BuPRADoN Tower

5cALE OF ItET 1_,

W H Knowles
Del.

EriTOAncE

corbel stones occurs on the east side over the entrance door. This has
a flat arched head composed of two stones, and opens into a basement
with a slightly pointed vault, to which a small slit at the north end
alone gave light and ventilation.

The upper floors are reached by a circular newel stair on the left ot
the entrance and in the south-east angle of the tower. A square-headed
door leads directly off the staircase to the first floor, which is occupied

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

by a single apartment measuring nineteen feet three inches by sixteen
feet two inches. It possesses a fireplace bearing on its lintel the letters
L O (Lancelot Ogle) and the date 1633, while traces of two shields and
some floral decoration occupy the space between the initials. About the

same time as the erec-
tion of the fireplace,
a good three - light
window was inserted
in the south wall.
This had fallen out
previous to 1876, but
the sill remains, and
shows the window to
have been unusually
large for a tower of
this class. There
may have been a se-
cond window where
the wall is broken
away on the west,
and a small slit oc-
cupies the north-east
angle by the side of
the fireplace. The
apartment on the
second floor is of
the same size as the
chamber below. It
was probably lighted
and warmed in a
similar fashion.^
As stated above, the second moiety of Burradon was held in 11 66
by Bertram de Widdrington. He or his successor made enfeoffment 01

' Writing in 1833 Mr. T. M. Richardson states that the two lower apartments 'have been rendered
habitable by an internal roofing of tile, and are now appropriated as a portion of an adjoining farm-
residence, which, with its offices, are attached to two sides of the tower.' Castles of the English and
Scottish Borders. The w^hole, as shown in Mr. Richardson's sketch, formed a very picturesque group.
At the present time the tower stands alone, and is in a very ruinous and neglected condition.

Fireplace i.\ Burradon Tower.

BURRADON TOWNSHIP. 49

the same to a certain Oelard, whose services are set out in GeoflVey de
Widdrington's confirmation of his father's gift. Oelard was engaged to
pay a yearly rent of ten shillings on St. Cuthbert's Day to the lord of
Widdrington, as well as 3s. 4d. on the first Sunday in May for castle-ward.
He was to perform the third part of the forinsec services incumbent upon
the fee of Widdrington, and to pay suit to the courts of that manor when
specially summoned. On the other hand, he was allowed to have his own
mill, and was protected by his lord from forfeits and aids imposed by the
baron of Whalton, from the sheriff's forfeit, and from the king's fine.'

An interest in this moiety was acquired at a later date by the Killing-
worths of Killingworth. On October ist, 1268, William, son of Ranulph,
son of Adam de Killingworth, transferred to Roger Baret of Burradon
all right to land in that place, formerly belonging to his grandmother,
Asceline, daughter of Geliana.^ His brother Henry, son of Ranulph de
Killingworth, also released to Roger Baret his title to Burradon, and granted
to him thirty acres of land with a toft and croft in the same place. ^ In 1293
the same Roger Baret sued William Prudhune and Adam, son of Robert

' Galfridus de Wdrintun omnibus hominibus suis Francis et Anglis, et omnibus qui banc caitam
viderint vel audierint, salutem. Noveritis tarn presentes quam posteri quod ego Galfridus de Wdrintun
concessi et hac presenti carta confirmavi Oelardo de Burwindune dimidium Burwedunie quod pater
meus ei dedit, cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, ei et heredibus suis, ad tenendum de me et heredibus
nieis Hbere et quiete, in feodo et hereditate, reddendo inde annuatim decern solidos ad festum sancti
Cuthberti in Septembri et reddendo quadraginta denarios ad wardam [castri in] prima dominica mensis
maii, faciendo insuper terciam partem forinsecorum serviciorum qua pertinent ad feodum meum de
Wdrintune. Predictus vero Oelardus quietus erit de forefacto et auxilio domini mei et de forefacto

vicecomitis et de misericordia regis si inscidero Habebit itaque suum molendinum et

veniet ad placita mea si specialiter submonitus fuerit, et bee predicta servicia faciendo Oelardus
liber sit et quietus ab omnibus rebus pertinentibus ad me Galfridum de Wdrintun. His sunt testes,
Willelmus de Vals, Osbertus clericus de Wdrintune, Ricardus clericus [de] Wdehorn, Willelmus
presbiter de Wdrintune, Rogerus de Merlai, Engelram de Uumar, Willehiius de Looneis, Adam Barate,
Rogerus de Chivintune, Thomas clericus, Willelmus clericus de Emeldune, Robertus de Erdesdune,
Edolfus filius Evede, Randulfus frater Galfridi de Wdrintune, Rogerus frater ejusdem Galfridi. Bruincll
Charters, No. 2.

-' Sciant presentes omnes et futuri quod ego Willelmus filius Ranulphi filii .Ade de Kyllingworthe,
anno gratie mcclxviij, die veneris proxima post festum sancti Michaelis, relaxavi et quietum clamavi pro
me et heredibus meis Rogero Baret de Burud' totum jus et clamium quod habui, etc., in tota terra cum
pertinenciis suis que fuit quondam Asceline lilie Geliane avie mee in Burudun, etc. Et pro hac
relaxacione et quietaclamacione predictus Rogerus dedit mihi quandam summam pecunie in mea magna
necessitate, etc. Hiis testibus, Ada Baret, Johanne de Biker, Johanne de parva Bentona, Hugone de
eadem villa, Galfrido de Wydeslad, Willelmo de eadem villa, Ricardo de Sancto Petro de Kyllmgworth,
Ada de Haverden et multis aliis. Ibid. No. 3.

' Omnibus hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris Henricus filius Ranulfi de Kyllingwrth salutem.
Noveritis me, etc., dedisse, etc., pro me et heredibus meis Rogero Barat de Burewedun triginta .acras
terre cum tofto et crofto in villa de Burewedun, etc. Concessi etiam eidem Rogero, etc., et quietum
clamavi totum jus et clamium quod aliquando habui, etc., in dicta villa de Burewedun, etc. Dedi etiam et
concessi, etc., eidem Rogero, etc., omnia servicia debita et consueta que Henricus Hyrning et antecessores
sui mihi et heredibus meis facere consueverunt, etc. Testibus domino Johanne de Wydrigton, domino
Ada Barat, Johanne de Benton, Willelmo de Wydeslad, Ricardo de Killingwrth clerico, Willelmo de
parva Benton, Hugone de Bacwrth, et aliis. Ibid. No. 4.

Vol. 1.x. 7

50 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Tod, for the third part of a messuage and a hundred acres in Killingvvorth,
as the inheritance of Alice, wife of Wythelard de Killingvvorth, who was
great-great-great-grandmother to the parties in the suit. The defence, tliat
Baret already held in Biirradon a messuage and fifty acres of land, by
hereditary descent from Alice de Killingworth, was found good by the jury.'
Roger Baret, Peter Graper, and Adam de Killingvvorth were the only
persons assessed for subsidy in 131 2 under the head of Burradon.

BURRADON SURSIIIV ROI.I., I313.

C s. d. s. d.

Summa bonorum Rogeri Baiet ... ... ... 2 15 4 uncle regi 5 6i

„ Petri Graper 5 10 4 „ 1 1 oi

„ Ade de Killingwrtli ... ... o 10 o „ 10

-Suinina summarum particulariimi, ^8 15s. Sd. ; unde regi, 17s. 7d.'

It appears that Roger Baret was brother of Sir Adam Baret of
Benton, knight, for whom he became surety in 1278, when the latter was
distrained to take knighthood.^ He left descendants, for on August 25th,
1402, Thomas de Ullesby, clerk, quit-claimed to Margery, sister and heir
of Thomas Baret, chaplain, all right to lands and tenements in Burradon,
as well as to a rent-charge issuing out of a house in Pilgrim Street, out-
side the gate of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and to a windmill there.^

Another early deed, connected vv'ith Burradon, records a grant made
{circa 1290) by Alice, daughter of John Doune of Tynemouth, to William,
son of Roger de Burradon, of all her arable land in Burradon and of the
meadow and pasture adjacent thereto in return for a fee-farm rent of 7^d/

' Assize Roll, Northumberland, 21 Edw. I. In 1283-12S5 Gilbert de Heton granted to Roger Baret
of Burradon his share in two messuages in Newcastle, formerly belonging to John VVythelaid. Bowes
Charters, No. 22. This collection of deeds was transcribed by the Rev. James Raine, and has been
quoted in vol. i. of this work under liamburgh and Beadnell. Independent transcripts of some of the
Bowes charters are to be found in the Rev. John Hodgson's Collections, M.S. Materials, vol. F.

- Lay Subsidy Roll, ijs. " Hodgson-Hinde, Northumberland, p. 296.

' Noverint universi per presentes me Thomam de Ullesby clericurn remisisse et quietum clamasse
Margeriae, sorori et heredi Thomae Baret capellani, totum jus, etc., quod habeo in omnibus terris et
tenementis in villa et in territorio de Borowdon ju.\ta Weteslade et alibi infra vicecomitatum Nonhumbriae,
cum uno annuo redditu se.xdecim solidorum e.xeuncium de uno messuagio cum pertinenciis in villa
Novi Castri supra Tynam in vico peregrinorum extra porlam viUae praedictae, siniul cum uno molendino
ventritico ibidem quod habui e.\ dono et feoffamento praedictae Margeriae. Datum die veneris proxima
post festum sancti Bartholomei apostoli anno regni regis Henrici quarti post conquestum Angliae tercio.
Bowes Charters, No. 12.

* Sciant universi per presentes quod ego Alicia, filia Johannis Doune de Tynemuthe, dedi Willelmo,
filio Rogeri de Buroudon, totam terram meam arabilem quam habui in campo de Buroudon, cum toto
prato et pastura eidem terre ubique adjacente, tenendam, etc., de Rogero de Burhdon et heredibus suis
libere et quiete in perpetuum, reddendo inde annuatim diclo Rogero septeni denarios et obolum. Hiis
testibus, Willelmo de Hesilrigg, tunc senescallo de Tynemuthe, Rogero Baret, Willelmo de Rydesdale,
Anselmo de eadeni, Ricardo de Killingvvorth clerico, Johanne de Wyteley, Radulfo serviente, Thoma de
Hallywell, Philippo de Merston, Willelmo Styward, Nicholao de Bacworth, Hugone de eadem, et mullis
aliis. Ibid. No. 16.

BURRADON TOWNSHIP. 5 I

Nothing further is known of this William, unless he is the William de
Burneton who was bailiff of Newcastle in 1307, and from 13 13 to 1330,
when he became mayor. He represented Newcastle in parliament in the
same year, and was mayor of Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1335. Dying in
1336, he left a son and heir, Thomas de Burneton, to inherit his manor
of Hollinside in Durham.' Hollinside was conveyed in 1367/8 by John de
Burneton, a burgess of Newcastle, to Hugh del Redhugh to hold in tail.^
Before his death, which occurred in 141 2, Thomas del Redhugh, son
of Hugh del Redhugh mentioned above, conveyed Hollinside to Roger
del Bothe.' Bothe represented Newcastle in parliament in 141 1 and on
three subsequent occasions, and was sheriff for the town and county in
1437. He and Adam Killingworth are entered in the Book of Knights'
Fees of 1428 as holding a moiety of Burradon by the service of a fourth
part of a knight's fee.'' In 1444 he obtained licence to settle Hollinside
in reversion on Roger Harding, who had married his daughter, Elizabeth;'^
and Burradon was probably made the subject of a parallel settlement, for
Richard Harding, son of Roger Harding by Elizabeth del Bothe, held
certain tenements in Burradon in 1493;'^ and in 1570 Ralph Harding,
grandson of the last-named Richard Harding, made conveyance of four
messuages and orchards, two cottages, six tofts and gardens, and land
and moor in Burradon to Oliver Ogle.'

' Inquisition taken August I2th, 1336; 45//t Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 156. On William de
Burneton see Welford, History of Newcastle and Gateshead, vol. i. He obtained Hollinside from Thomas
de Hollinside, whose deed is dated March I3lh, 1317/S, and is printed from the earl of .Strathmore's MSS.
in Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 251.

^ 2,2nd Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 265.

'Thomas del Redhiigli succeeded his elder brother, Hugh, in 1391, when sixteen years of age.
45//; Deputy Keeper's Report, appendix i. p. 255. The inquisition taken on his death is dated February
13th, 1412/3. Ibid. p. 256. A quit-claim of Axelfeld, now Axwell park, in the county of Durham,
made by him in 141 1 to Roger de Thornton and John de Fenwick, survives among the Bruniell
Charters, No. 12, and by its presence in a series of Burradon deeds affords indirect evidence for the
descent of the Burradon property.

'Feudal Aids, vol. iv. p. S3. The Killingworths still owned property in lUirradon in 1542, when
John Killingworth recoveied ceitain lands in liurradon fioni (ieorge Orde. Bruinell Cluxrters, No. 21.
See also documents quoted by Mr. Uendy, 'The Killingworths of Killingworth,' in Arch. Ael. 3rd series,
vol. ii.

^34/// Deputy Keeper's Report, p. iSo; cp. p. 236. A pedigree of the Hardings of Hollinside is
given in Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 252. .See also accounts of this family in Hodgson, Northumberland,
pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 439, and in vol. i. of this work, pp. 325-326.

' On June i6th, 1495, Richard Harding of Hollinside granted to William Baxter an annuity of
£2 OS. 4d. out of lands in Beadnell, of 13s. 4d. from tenements in Burradon in the tenure of William
Malwyn and of John Malwyn, and of i6s. out of a tenement in Burton-chare. Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
belonging to the chantry of St. Giles in the church of .-Ml Saints. Bowes Charters, No. 52.

' Feet of Fines, Hilary, 12 Eliz.

EARSDON CHAPELKY.

OGLE OF BURRADON.

Arms : Olkii leily, i and 4, argent, a /ess hetween three crescents gtiies, a mullet charged with a crescent for difference ;
3 and 4, or, an orle azure. St. George's Visitation of Northumberland, 161 5.

Lancelot Ogle of Ogle castle, son and heir of John Ogle of the same place (//) ; whose -= daughter of Sir

vill is dated 4th April, 1565 ; died in his father's lifetime, l8th February, 1564/5, and was
buried at Whalton, where there is a monumental inscription.

Thomas Grey of Horton,
knight (h).

Oliver Ogle, party to a fine for lands in Burradoi

tememenl in Backworth, 25th MuTch, 15S6 {/) ; entered his pedigree at the
llcialil's Visitation in 1615 (/.) ; buried 271I1 October, 1616 (n) ; will dated
24th October, 1614 ; proved 5th May, 1620 {d) (e) ; to be buried in the quire
of Earsdon church ; Incj.pm. 30th .\ugust, 1626 {/).

570 ; was admitted to a = Magdalen, daughter of Johii Mitford of

Seghiil (/^) ; was living, a widow, in
possession of her dower, 30th .\ugust,
1626 (J) ; was sole executrix of her son
Hercules (</) (e).

Lancelot Ogle of Burra-
don, ' Sonne and heire,'
was 33 years of age
when his father entered
his pedigree in 1615(1'/);
to whom his father
gave Burradon {d)
(f) ; buried 5th Janu-
ary, 1640/1 («).

I I

Mary, sister
of Robert
Ogle of
Bothal (c) ;
buried 24th
.Aug., 1625

Hector Ogle of
Burradon, bur.
13th Septem-
ber, 1 61 3 (a) ;
administration
of his personal
estate, 28th
Sept., 1614
id) (e~).

William Ogle, named in the will of his uncle Hercules (r/) {/).

Jane Ogle, daughter and heir, baptised l6th July, 1622
(«) ; married James Ogle of Causey Park, a major in the
army ; she was buried in Earsdon quire, 30th March, 1655
(n) ; he died December, 1664, and was buried at St.
Andrew's, Newcastle, si/

Margaret, daughter
and co-heir of Robert
Eenwick of Kenton
' h) ; married 14th
December, 1603 (//) ;
when a widow resided
in Newcastle ; in-
ventory of her goods
e.\hibited. 25th July,
1626 (//) ie).

I
Hercules Ogle of Newcastle,

apprenticed 25th September,
161 1, to Stephen Maddison
of Newcastle, boothman (c) ;
named in his father's will
((/) ; will dated 2gth Decem-
ber, 1620; proved 26th
Fetjruary, 1620/1 ((/) ; to be
buried in St. Nicholas's id)

1 I I

George

Catherine [married 17th February, 1594/5,

Ord («) ie-)\

Barbara, married Matthew Newton of Stocksfield ((i).
Fortune, married Oliver Killingworth of Killingworth

ib).

\
Oliver Ogle of Backworth, baptised ■
23rd October, 1604 (n) ; to
whom his grandfather gave cer-
tain lands in Whalton ; rated
for lands in Backworth in
1663 ; buried 24th April, 1670

Mary, daughter of John CramHngton of the
parish of Tynemouth: married 2 1st April,
1645 (rt) ; was hving in 1 70S 'very ancient
and consequently uncapable of keeping
herself or preventing her falling into ex-
treme poverty, too much of which, God
knows, she already feels ' (//).

I I I

Matthew Ogle, named in his grand-
father's will id).

Isabel, named in her grandfather's
will id).

Grace, married 7th February, 1627/8,
George Dinning [Diuhand] of
Murton in Tynemouth (a).

Lancelot Ogle of
Backworth, son
and heir, born 31st
August, bapt. 6th
September, 1657
(/i) ; buried 1st
May, 1675 ill).

John Ogle of Bradford,
who at the court of the
manor of Tynemouth,
6th .April, 1684, was
found heir of Lancelot
Ogle and Oliver Ogle,
both deceased ig).

I I I I I
Jane, baptised l8th .August, 1646 (//) ; [married 7lh May, 1671,

Robert Simpson (a) ].
Mary, baptised 23rd October, 1649 id) ; buried 14th May, 1670 (a).
.Margaret, baptised 29th March, 1655 (a).
Rachel, buried in Earsdon quire, 2Ist April, 1660 (a).
Barbara, baptised 26th May, 1661 (a) ; buried in Earsdon quire, 13th

May, 1663 (a).

(a) Earsdon Register.

ib) St. George's Visitation of Northumberland, 1615.

id) Raine, 'Jest. Dunelm.

ie) Ogle, Ogle and Bothal, pp. 178, 182, 186, 187.
if) Land Revenue Survey, 1608.
ig) Tynemouth Court Rolls.
Qi) Arch. .4(1. vol. xi.\. pp. 5-6.

The Anderson property was also acquired by Oliver Ogle, for it is
stated in the inquisition taken at his death, in 1626, that he was seised
in fee of the whole township.^ His granddaughter, Jane Ogle, brought
the property by marriage to James Ogle of Cawsey Park, from whom it

' Ogle, Ogk. and Bothal, p. xxvi, in which work the evidence for the earlier and later connexion of
the Ogles with Burradon is set out at length.

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP.

passed by descent to the Wallis Ogles,' and continued to be held by
that family until 1857, when it was sold by order of the Court of
Chancery. Mr. Joseph Straker of Benwell and his son, Mr. John Straker
of Tynemouth, were the joint purchasers, and it is now owned by Mr.
Charles Straker of High Warden. Since 1865 Burradon has ceased to
form part of Earsdon ecclesiastical parish, and has been annexed to the
modern parish of Killingworth. For purposes of church rating it was
formerly reckoned as consisting of five 'farms.'

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP.

Extending northward from Backworth and Burradon, as far as the
bounds of Cramlington, the township of Seghill occupies the low-lying
ground on either side of Seaton burn, between Weetslade and Cramlington
townships on the west and Seaton Delaval on the east. It has an area of
1,426 acres."

A cist, found in draining the new churchyard at Seghill in 1866, con-
tained an unburnt body and an axe-hammer made of very fine sub-crystallic

red quartzite.^ The latter
measures six and a half
inches in total length, two
and a quarter inches at its
greatest width, five and
one-eighth inches in depth
at the hammer end, and
two and five-eighth inches
in depth at the sharp end.
At the hammer end the im-
plement slopes down from
all sides to a flat and very smooth, oval striking-surface. Both upper and
lower openings of the perforation are accurately circular, but the former
is one inch and the latter one and one-eighth inches in diameter. The
perforation, which is two inches in length, narrows as it proceeds from

' See op. cit. p. 102, and Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 135-136, for a pedigree of Wallis
Ogle of Cawsey Park.

'Population statistics are as follow: iSoi, 97; 181 1, 128; 1821, 13S ; 1S31, 9S5 ; 1S41, 1,672;
1851,1,869; 1861,1,801; 1871,1,980; 1881,2,131; 1891,2,269; 1901,2,213.

' The finder, an Irish Catholic, used the axe for making the sign of the cross over his food, being
under the impression that the weapon had belonged to one of 'the old saints.'

Axe-hammer found at Seghill.

54 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

either side to the centre, the diminution of calibre being much more marked
on the side proceeding from the larger opening, and this results in a well
defined ridge in the centre of the perforation. Each opening is surrounded
by a highly polished circular area, rendered sublustrous from the rubbing
of the material by which the handle was fastened to the axe-hammer.'

Bishop Gibson's identification of Seghill with the Roman Segedunum
need only be quoted as an example of the etymology of his period.^
Seyhal is the more ancient form of the name, and so the place is termed
in Henry I.'s charter to the prior and convent of Tynemouth. Thereby
the king granted to the monastery Graffiird's land and service, namely,
the vills of Monkseaton, Whitley, and Seghill, and a toft in Newcastle.'
Graffard was evidently a dreng or minor tenant, holding three isolated
vills directly from the king, his possession of a toft in Newcastle suggesting
that he held by castle-ward. At this or at a later time Graffard seems
to have released to the prior and convent his claim to Monkseaton and
Whitley in return for a confirmation of his manor of Seghill. The terms
of the grant are expressed in a deed executed by Geoffrey, abbot of St.
Alban's (1119-1146), who granted Seghill to Walter Graffard to hold as his
father held it. Graffard owed military service and suit to the prior's court.
His riding services show that he belonged to the pre-Conquest category
of rod-knights or radchenistres, of which traces survived in Chirton. He
was responsible for the maintenance of peace by his dependants.^

Ex inf. Dr. W. Allen Stuiges, the present owner of this implement. Sir John Evans describes the
strikiny-surface of the hammer as owing its shape to the form of the peljble from which it was made
{Ancient Stone Implements of Great Britain, p. 186), but the hammer end has all the appearance of liaving
been carefully worked into shape and polished.

- Camden, Britannia, ed. Gibson, 1695, p. S58. Camden originally identified Segedunum with
Seaton Delaval ; 1st edition, 1594, p. 617. The Rev. John Hodgson's suggestion that Seghill 'has its
name from the great quantity of segs or yellow irises which grew above the hill on which it stands' is
equally unfortunate. Northumbertaiut, pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 168.

■■ Henricus, rex Anglie, Ranulfo, Dunelmensi episcopo, et Alurico et Ligulfo, vicecomitibus, et
omnibus baronibus suis Francis et Anglis de Northunibreland, salutem. Sciatis me dedisse Deo et
sancto Albano et sancto Oswino et Ricardo abbati totam terrain et servicium Graffardi, videlicet
Setonam et Wyteleyam et Seyhalam, et unum toftum in Novo Castello. Et volo et precipio ut ipsi
sancti et abbas et monachi ita bene honorifice et libere teneant, cum soca et saca, et tol et team et
infangeneteof, et omnibus aliis consuetudinilnis, sicut melius et honorabilius tenent alias terras suas.
Testibus Roberto episcopo Lincolniensi, et Ranulpho cancellario, et Nigello de Alben'. Apud Brantonam.
St. Alban's Register, fols. 115 b and 117, from Dodswoith's and St. George's transcripts. See vol. viii.
of this work p. 55 (12), and compare Gesta Abbatnm, Rolls Series, vol. i. p. 63.

' Omnibus has literas visuris, Galfridus abbas sancti Albani, salutem. [Sciatis nos] concessisse et
presenti carta confirmasse Graffard et heredibus [suis manerium] de Scithal, tenendum de nobis tam
libere et quiete sicut pater suus earn unquam melius et liberius tenuit in temporibus pr[edecessorum]
nostroium. Pro servicio autein, debet ire in e.xercitu et equitatu, et esse velut homines tales, et placitis
debet interesse, et pro posse suo nianutencre, itaque quod in pace teneat et pacem ubique habeat, salvo
homagio quod pro eadem villa facere debet nobis et ecclesie nostre. Teste, etc. St. Alban's Register,
fol. 83 b.

SEGHII.L TOWNSHIP. 55

Later surveys throw additional light upon the character of the tenure
and upon the changes which it underwent. Minor services comprised
the annual payment of 3s. 4d. as abbot's scot, and is. i|d. as prior's
cornage, payment of multure, and the carting to Tynemouth on the vigil of
St. Oswin hfty-nine loads of herbage and the provision of one course for
St. Osvvin's feast.' The tenure acquired a ministerial character ; Walter
de Selby held Seghill in 13 18 on condition that he should act as seneschal
in the hall of Tynemouth priory upon the festival of St. (3swin.^ The
old obligation of going with the fyrd received feudal expression as the
service of the seventh part of a knight's fee,^ and feudal incidents, such
as marriage and wardship, became attached to the holding.^

A second Walter GrafTard occurs among the suitors to the prior's
court as witness to several early thirteenth century deeds, and was alive
in 1221;^ but before 1242 Seghill had passed, by marriage or otherwise,
to the family of Selby. Adam de Selby, who farmed the bishop of
Durham's demesne of Little Haughton in i 1S3, was probably the progenitor
of this family." In the next generation Sir Walter de Selby attested
many Palatinate charters, and obtained a territorial interest in the county of
Durham between the years 12 16 and 1228, when Ralph Kernech, prior
of Durham, enfeoffed him of the manor of Felling.' His son, Adam de
Selby II , did homage for Seghill to the abbot of St. Alban's in 1264."
He was distrained to receive knighthood in 1278, when Hugh de Backworth,
Nicholas de Backworth, and other persons of less note became his sureties. °

' Tyiii-inniith Chartnhiry, fols. 52 and 59 (Survey of 1377).

- Inq. ml quod damnum, 12 Edw. II. No. 17 (old numeration).

' Feudal Aids, vol. iv. p. 80.

' Memorandum quod quarto die mensis Decembris, anno doniini mcccc.xxj, anno Henriu quinti
post conquestum Anglie nono, apud Sanctum Albanum, in majori camera abbatis, in presencia
venerabilis patris Willelmi episcopi Lichfeldensis, Willelmus de la Vale, in anno sue aetatis seplimo
decimo, et in custodia domini Johannis Whethamstede, Dei gratia abbatis de Sancto Albano, e.xistens
pro tenemento suo de Syell in comitatu Norlhumbrie, fecit finem cum ditto abbate pro warda et
niaritagio suo, qui quidem finis taxabatur per eundem alibatem ad viginti libras, unde idem abbas
condonavit ei Willelmo decern niarcas ad instanciam venerabilis in Christo patris domini Willelmi, Dei
gratia episcopi Cestrie, ibidem tunc presentis ut prefertur. St. Alban's Register, fol. 61 b, from Baker's
transcripts.

^ Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. ii. pp. xxxiii, ,\xxv, xxxvi.

" Buldon Book, Surt. Soc. No. 25, p. 18. Adam de Selby was alive in 1197, when he was entered
on the Durham Pipe Roll as owing ^10 for lead bought from the keepers of the bishopric. Ibid.
appendix, p. xii.

'■ Feodarium, Surt. Soc. No. 58, p. in. The grant was made 'tempore regis Henrici' {ibid. p. 9)
and before 1228, the date of the Convenit {ibid. p. 263). See also the inde.x, op. cit.

' St. Alban's Register, fols. 62 and 1 1 i b. ' Hodgson-Iiinde, Northumberland, p. 295.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

SELBY OF SEGHILL.

ARMS: Barry of ten, sahU and or; Northern Roll of Arms in Arch. Ael. 3rd series, vol. ii. p. 177. Sir Walter
de Selby, temp. Edward III., bore burrulee (14), or and sable. Powell's Roll.

Adam de Selbv, farmer of the demesnes of IJttle Haiighton, 1183 {^Boldon Book).

Sir Walter de Selby I., was enfeoffed of Felling manor circa 1220 (a) ; living 1241 {Guhborough Chart, vol. i. p. xxxvi).

Sir Adam de Selby II., son and heir («) ; did homage for Seghill in 1264; was = Johanna {Tynemoulh Chart.
distrained to receive knighthood in 127S. I fol. 206 b).

I
Walter de Selby II., son and heir (a) ; did homage for Seghill in 1291 (.SV. .AUian's Re<;. fol. 153 b). ^

I
Sir Walter de Selby III., son and heir {a) ; forfeited his estates for rebellion, 1318, but ^= Katherine, daughter of

was restored to them in 1328 ; slain at Liddell pele, 1346.

Sir Hugh de la Val.

James de Selb}', claimed Walter de Selby I\ .. conveyed John de Selby, to whom his brother James
the barony of Prender- his father's lands to Sir William resigned Prenderleith in 1358 ; laid claim

leith in 1354. de la \'al in 1351. to Seghill in 1390.

Walter de Selby V., living in 1 390.
{a) Ft'odarhim Prioratns Dune/fnensis, Surt. Soc. No. 58, p. 8.

A curious narrative given in the Tynemoiith Chartulary tells of how,
in 1280, Sir Adam de wSeghill (for so he is there termed), in wrath at the
tithe-corn of Seghill being stored in a yard belonging to one of his own
bonds, brought a writ of novel disseisin against the prior and convent of
Tynemouth for disseising him and his wife Johanna from their holding in
Seghill thirty-eight years before. With some difficulty the prior succeeded
in getting the case transferred to his own court at Backworth, where Sir
Adam's hasty withdrawal from the suit brought the episode to a close. ^

' Memorandum quod anno predicto (1280), in autumpno, dominus Adam de Sheyhale non permisit
priorem de Tynemuth colligere nee reponere decimas suas garbarum infra villam de Seyhale. Et
postmodum venerunt servientes dicti prioris, et anioverunt quosdam lapides jacentes in introitu curiae
ciijusdam bondi sui, et du.xerunt infia curiam dicti bondi duas carectatas decime, volentes decimam
ibidem reposuisse. Et postea venit uxor ejusdem Adae et jactavit ultra muros hinc inde garbas predictas,
non permittens eas ibidem reponi ; qua occasione servientes predicti colligerunt et reposuerunt dictam
decimam in medio villae, propter quod dictus dominus Adam de Selby adivit curiam, et impetravit
breve novae disseisionis versus dictum priorem et servientes suos predictos in hec verba: 'Edwardus,
Dei gratia, etc., vicecomiti Northumbriae, salutem. Questi sunt nobis .Vdam de Selby et Johanna, uxor
ejus, quod prior de Tynemouth, W. de Norton, Benedictus de Seton, et Robertus le mareschal injuste et
sine judicio disseisinaverunt eos de libero tenemento suo in Seyhal post priniam transfretationem
Henrici regis, patris nostri, in \'asconiani. Et ideo tibi precipimus, etc. Vicesimo die Septembris,
anno regni octavo.' Coram quibus justiciariis comparuerunt prior et alii in ecclesia sancti Nicholai de
Novo Castro, et prior allegavit libertatem suam, nee ipsam optinere potuit ; et predicti justiciarii
prefixerunt ei diem in tres septimanas a festo sancti Martini, ut interim consulere possint consilium
domini regis. Et prior misit fratrem \V. predictum ad curiam regis ad impetrandum inde remedium,
qui impetravit breve sub hac forma :'.... Vobis mandamus quod eidem priori omnia brevia nostra
originalia ipsum et libertatem suam tangentia coram vobis impetrata per inanus vestras liberetis ad
placitanda ilia infra libertatem suam predictam, sicut retroactis temporibus fieri consuevit, etc. Datum
duodecimo die Novembris, anno regni regis octavo.' Quod quidem breve dominis G. et M. justiciariis
in tres septimanas a die sancti Martini, in ecclesia sancti Andreae Novi Castri, fuerat ex parte domini

SEGHII.L TOWNSHIP.

The little known tower of Seghill, which is first mentioned in the list
of fortalices of 14 15, probably dates from about this period. Only the
vaulted basement remains, and this is now used as a cellar to the Blake
Arms hotel. Its dimensions indicate that the tower was one of the largest
in the county and of a size equal to Thirlwall castle. Strong walls, four
feet in thickness and built on the rock, inclose an area of forty-four feet

fiirr d( \i\ihfi Billiijvtl Cum

5EGH1LL-PELE.

Scale -of Fcef

T^i.r.i.f.r

WHKiiowLEs Nehs ET Del,

StctTon on Lint cc

E
<

CCl

six inches by sixteen feet six inches. This is spanned by a barrel vault,
of which the circular ribs spring from the ground level, the interstices
being composed of single flat stones. The basement is entered on the
south side by a doorway with checked and chamfered jambs. Suggestions
of windows, loops, and recesses appear in the thickness of the walls, but
there is no evidence of mural or other staircases.

regis per predictum priorem traditum. Quo quidem brevi viso ab eis justiciariis et intellecto, iidem
justiciarii predictum breve novae disseisionis eidem priori tradiderunt ad placitandum illud infra
libertatem suam. Et doniinus prior prefixit diem predictis Adae et Johannae die Mercurii proximo
post festum sanctae Luciae virginis, anno predicto, apud Bacworth ; et fuerunt justiciarii domini
prioris Walterus de Camhou et Adam Baret. Coram quibus venit dictus Adam et retraxit se de brevi
suo, et posuit se in misericordia domini prioris. Tyncmoiith Chartulary, fol. 206 b.

Vol. IX.

58 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

The tower is said to have been of three stories, and to have had a
lofty exploratory turret at one corner.' No medieval features remain in
the upper floors. It appears that in or about 1673 considerable additions
and alterations were made to the tower, and that at that time the centre
of the vaulting in the basement was removed to give access to the chambers
above. A chimney stack with weatherings, which projects from the west
wall, and a doorway on the first floor level, immediately above the entrance
to the basement, are of this period. The upper door was formerly
approached by a flight of external steps.

.Seyhale Subsidy

Roll,

1296.

£ s. d.

.Siinima bononim Walteii de Seleby

5 7 10

unde

regi

»)

Thome filii W'alteii ...

0 19 4

Rogeri de .Seton

0 13 6

Walter! filii Thome ...

1 3 0

))

Walter! filii Roger! ...

I 7 0

5»

Robert Coci! ...

0 19 10

Summa hiiju5 ville, £\o los. 6d. ; unde domino regi, 19s. l|d. {sicy

Walter de Selby III., grandson of Sir Adam de Selby mentioned
above, married Katherine, daughter of Sir Hugh Delaval of Newsham.
The estates of the Delaval family were at that time enjoyed by Margery
Delaval and her husband, Andrew de Smytheton ; and it was probably
upon the occasion of this marriage that, in 1304, Smytheton and his wife
settled upon Walter de Selby and Katherine Delaval, and upon their heirs,
half of the manor of Biddleston, and four messuages and eighty acres ot
land in Alnham, subject to the life interest of the grantors.^ In this way
the Selby family acquired an interest in Biddleston, their present seat.

Selbv was foremost in joining Middleton's rebellion in 131 7. Openly
siding with the Scots, he entered on a career of plunder, seconded
Middleton in capturing and carrying off the bishop of Durham, and dis-
possessed his royalist neighbour. Sir Bertram Monboucher, of the pele of
Horton, whence he issued upon raiding forays.* There he found refuge
when, on January 21st, 1318, Middleton was ensnared and captured in
Mitford castle. Horton became a rallying point for the scattered 'shaval-
dores ' who had previously flocked to Middleton's standard. Its siege,

' T. M. Richardson, Castles of the English and Scottish Border.

- Lay Subsidy Roll, ip. ^ Feet of Fines, 32 Edw. I. No. 75.

'John de Trokelavve, Annnles, Rolls Series, p. 99. For an instance of Selby's freebooting see
Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1317-1331, p. 289. Hardwicke, near Sedgefield, in the county of Durham, was also used
at one time by Selby as a base. Cal. Close Rolls, 1 341-1343, p. 98.

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP. 59

conducted by Richard de Emeldon, proved costly, but a protracted de-
fence was impossible, and in April the garrison was obliged to surrender."
Such as wished were received into the king's peace and obtained pardon.^
Many of them set out for Rome in the autumn, to do penance there for
the crimes which they had committed on the Marches.^ But Sclby had
made his escape, and Emeldon had to content himself with taking hostages
for his good behaviour.'' His manor of Seghill, and his lands in Biddleston
and ' Heseliden ' were pronounced forfeit to the king.^ Felling was seized as
an escheat by the bishop of Durham and granted out to a new tenant."

Satisfaction was given to Monboucher at the parliament of York,
where, on November 20th, 13 18, he received a grant for life of Seghill
manor. '^ The grant, however, which over-rode the claims of Tynemouth
priory to the escheated lands of its tenants, did not benefit him greatly,
inasmuch as Seghill was so wasted by both English and Scots that its
annual value had sunk from ;£. 23 i6s. to twenty shillings, while Kathcrine,
wife of Walter de Selby, had charges upon this and other estates to the
extent of twenty pounds yearly.*^

A month before the surrender of Horton, Berwick-upon-Tweed had
been captured by Thomas Randolph, earl of Murray, and Sir James
Douglas. Thither Selby went to put his services at their disposal. Mitford
castle, restored to Aymar de Valence in February, 1318," again fell into the
hands of the king's enemies about the month of April,'" and Selby was
entrusted with its charge. This he appears to have held for about two
years, until the autumn of 132 1, when he rendered Mitford castle up to the

' The surrender probably took place on or about April Sth, when Robert Mauduit came before
Robert de Umframville, William de Ros, Roger de Northburgh, Robert de Baldok, and John de
Banstede, commissioners appointed on iSIarch iSth to arrange truce with Scotland (Rotuli Scotiae, vol. i.
p. 179), and received from them promise of pardon for receiving and commanding divers felons in the
pele of Horton and elsewhere. Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1317-1321, p. 141.

" A commission to this effect was given on April 25th to John de Felton, constable of Newcastle,
William Riddell, sheriff of Northumberland, Richard de Emeldon, and Stephen le Blound. Ibid. p. 135.

' Ihut. p. 211. The list contains the names of John de Swinburn, Robert Mauduyt, Adam Maudnyt,
and Gilbert de Whitley, as well as many of less note.

' On May 15th, 1318, a letter was directed by the king to Richard de Emeldon, commanding him to
hand over to William Riddell, sheriff of Northumberland, Selby 's hostages, namely, John de Birden and
David, son of Nicholas de Middleton. Cal. Close Rolls, 1313-1318, p. 541.

* In 1326 the sheriff of Northumberland accounted for the profits of the moiety of the vill of
Biddleston, and of certain tenements in ' Heseliden,' which had escheated to the king by reason of the
forfeiture of Walter de Selby. Pipe Rolls, e.x Uodsworth MSS. vol. xvii.

" Cfl^. Pfli. i?o//s, 1317-1321, pp. 217, 335. ' Ibiii. p. 2y).

" Inq. ad quod damnum, 12 Edw. II. Nos. 12 and 17 (old numeration).

'° Cbronicon de Lanevcost, Bannatyne Club, p. 235.

6o EARSDON CHAPELRY.

English. Robert de Umframville, earl of Angus, Ralph fitz William, and
John de Eure received his surrender, engaging themselves by indenture to
make Selby's peace with the king and to reinstate him in the lands of which
he had previously been deprived.^ The leniency of these conditions sug-
gests that the surrender was voluntary. Selby's trust was vain. He was
thrown into the Tower of London," where he remained until the accession
of Edward III.

Selby took advantage of the new king's accession to crave pardon for
his offences, and restitution of his forfeited lands. His petition was granted ;
on March 13th, 1327, he received a general pardon, and an order was issued
for the restoration to him of such of his lands as remained in the king's
hands. With regard to Seghill and Felling, which had been granted out
to other persons, he was directed to the courts of law.'

Having regained possession of Biddleston, he took a new course.
At the parliament which met at Salisbury in October, 1328, he produced
the indenture of agreement made at the surrender of Mitford castle, and
prayed for its fulfilment. The indenture was submitted to the king's
council ; ■* meanwhile, on November 5th, Selby received from the king a
grant of Seghill manor in reversion upon the death of Monboucher.* An
examination of the conditions of surrender resulted in a decision in Selbv's
favour ; his conduct was found to have been ' very useful for the salva-
tion of those parts ' ; his imprisonment had been against good faith, and
he had never been convicted of any felony. Orders were consequently
issued, on March 13th, 1329, to the sheriff of Northumberland and to the
bishop of Durham, commanding them to deliver up the forfeited estates.*^

' See the petition quoted below. The surrender of Mitford castle probably took place shortly before
November 22nd, 1322, when orders were issued by the king to the earl of Angus and the sheriff of
Northumberland to restore the castle to the earl of Pembroke. Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1321-1324, p. 37. This
second capture and recapture of Mitford has escaped the attention of the Rev. John Hodgson (for whose
account of the castle see Northumhcvlaiid, pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 5S-63), .and, e.xcept for a brief notice in the
Lancrcost Chronicle, no allusion is made to it in the contemporary chroniclers.

• Palgrave, Parliamentary Writs, vol. ii. div. ii. appendix, p. 239 ; Cal. Close Rolls, 1323-1329, p. 125.

' A nostre seignur le roi prie Wautier de Selby que il lui par[don]er la suite de sa pert que a lui
appartint des toutes felonies, roberies, homicides, arsures, detenues des chastelx et forceletz, utlagheries,
et toutes autres maneres des trespas contre sa pees en son regne d'Engleterre faites ; et q'il voille de sa
grace a meisme celui Wauter graunter vie et ses membres, et toutes ses terres et tenementz et manoirs,
auxi bien en demesnes come en services, et advowesons des eglises, et toutes maneres des possessions
et rentes, si fraunchement, entierement et quitement sicome il les tint le jour que les felonies avantditz
primes lui furent contremis.

(Endorsed.) Kit sa chartre de pardon quant a utlageries, felonyes et trespas, et restitucion des ses
terres qe sont en la nieyn le roy ; et qe des terres qe sont en autres meyns suye a la commune leye.
Ancient Petitions, P.R.O. 8,735. Compare Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1 327- 1330, p. 36.

' Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. iii. p. 177. ' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1327-1330, p. 332.

" Cal. Close Rolls, 1327-1330, p. 441.

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP. 6 1

Bishop Beaumont bore no good will to the freebooter who had assisted
in kidnapping him twelve years before, and refused to comply with the
royal order.' Neither did Monboucher brook his dispossession from Seghill.
On his petition, Selby was ordered to appear at the next parliament to
show how he had entered into the manor.^ The hearing of the case was
commenced early in 1331,^ but before a conclusion had been reached Mon-
boucher died, and Selby's title to Seghill became incontestable. He never
recovered Felling. Bishop Beaumont granted that manor, on December
27th, 1 33 1, to his foreign kinsman, Amery de Treu, who transferred it to
Thomas de Surtees ; and Selby found himself obliged to sue in the courts
of the palatinate against the episcopal charter. The bishop's justices refused
to proceed with the assize, on the ground that the charter ought to stand,
and failed to comply with the repeated royal injunctions in Selby's favour.^

' Cal. Close Rolls, p. 456.

" A nostre seigonur le roy et a son consail prie le soen lige, si lui plest, Bertram de Mountburgcher,
com le roy Edward, piere nostre seigonur le roy q'or est, pur ies services et les damages le dit Bertram,
a lui avoit done le manoir de Syhalle en le counte de Northumberland, a tote la vie le dit Bertram ; quel
manoir au dit nostre seigonur le roy Edward le piere devent par la forfeture Waulter de Selby, que fust
aerdant a les Escoces, enemis adunqe nostre seigonur le roy, sicom plus plainement pent estre mustre
par sa chartre ; et de quel manoir le dit Bertram fuist seysi taunqe nostre seigonur le roy q'or est dona
au dit Wauter le manoir avantdit, et comanda a son viscount del counte avantdit de lui mestre en
possessioun du dit manoir et ouster le dit Bertram, countre la chartre le roy son piere ; que il pleise a
nostre seigonur le roy de mettre le dit Bertram en possessioun del dit manoir, solonc le purport de
la chartre avantdit, ou qu'il lui pleise a faiere restitucion au dit Bertram a la value de taunt de terre ou de
rent a terme de sa vie.

(Endorsed.) Seit mande a visconte q'il face garnir le dit Wauter que il seit en proschein parlement
a monstrer coment il est entre le dit manoir, et purquei le dit manoir ne doit estre seisi en la main le roi
et livre au dit Bertram a tenir solom la forme de sa chartre ; et endementiers soit serche les proces en
chancellerie par quei le dit Wauter est entre. Ancient Petitions, P.R.O. 3,034. Compare Cal. Doc. Rel.
Scot. vol. iii. pp. 177-178.

^ Coram Rege Rolls, No. 283, m. I d.

' The chief documents relating to the title to Felling manor are the following : (a) Royal confirma-
tion of the grant made to Thomas de .Surtees, January 27th, 1332 (Cal. Pat. Rolls. 1330-1334, pp. 72, 240).
(b) Petition of W^alter de .Selby for the restoration of his lands lying in the palatinate, endorsed with a
direction to him to apply to the bishop, and failing justice done to him, to sue in chancery for a writ
(Ancient Petitions, P.R.O. 3,660). (c) Royal letter ordering the restitution of lands, dated July nth, 1336
[ihiil. 3,661). (if) Letter from the king to the bishop of Durham, commanding the bishop to direct his
justices to proceed with the assize (Cal. Close Rolls, 1341-1343, p. 98). (e) Petition from Selby, stating
that he is employed upon military service in Scotland, and requesting that the bishop of Durham may be
enjoined to give him seisin without further delay (Ancient Petitions, 394). (/) Royal letter directing
the bishop to give seisin, July i6th, 1342 (Cal. Close Rolls, 1341-1343, p. 642). (g) A second letter,
repeating the order, dated November 20th, 1342 (ibid. p. 692). These documents furnish many par-
ticulars concerning Selby's career, as a single instance (Ancient Petitions, 3,661) will show :

Rex venerabili in Cristo patri R., eadem gracia episcopo Dunolmensi, salutem. Cum nuper ad
prosecucionem dilecti et fidelis nostri Walteri de Seleby, per peticionem suam coram nobis et consilio
nostro in parliamento nostro apud Sarum convocato exhibitam, nobis supplicantis quod, cum inter
Robertum de Umframvill, nuper comitem de Angos, Radulfum de Graistok, tunc baronem de Graistok,
et Johanneni de Eure, ex parte una, et prefatum Wallerum ex parte alter.i, super reddicione castri de
Mitford quod idem VValterus tunc tenuit, certa convencio per indenturas inter partes predictas confectas,
quaruni altera pars sigillis ipsorum Roberti, Radulti et Johannis signata penes ipsum Walterum remanet,
facta fuisset (videlicet quod iidem Robertus, Radulfus et Johannes prefato Waltero pacem domini
Edwardi, nuper regis Anglie, patris nostri, habere, et ei terras et tenementa sua que, pro eo quod Scotis

62 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

The prior of Tvnemouth might have raised claims to Seghill as an
escheat within his liberty, but his position was not so secure in the matter
as that of the lord of the larger palatinate, and he preferred to waive his
claims in consideration of receiving an acre of land in Seghill (probably
for use as a granary), and a perpetual rent-charge of one mark.'

adhesit ut dicebatui, in maiuim dicti patiis nostri capta fueiunt, absque exheredacione rcstitui facerent),
ac dictiis Walterus castrum predictiim sub certa specie convencionuni et condicionum predictarum
et non aliter ad opus predict! patiis nostii reddidisset, ac convenciones et condiciones ille per ipsum
patrem nostrum aliquatenus observate non fuissent, set idem Walterus in prisona predicti patris nostri
per magnum tempus detentus fuit, et terrae et tenementa sua infra libertatem Dunolmensem ea occasione
per Lodowicum nuper episcopum Dunolmensem occupata et ei tunc detenta extiterunt, contra formam
convencionum et condicionum predictarum, ut vcllemus ei convenciones et condiciones illas facere
observari ; predictas indenturas per consilium nostrum fecimus examinari. Ac tunc, visis et examinatis
per nos et consilium nostrum predictum indenluris predictis, compertum fuit per inspeccionem earundem
quod convenciones et condiciones predicte facte fuerunt in forma supradicta. Et nos, considerantes
convenciones et condiciones supradictas ac reddicionem castri predicti tarn pro salvacione terrarum et
tencnientorum dicti Lodowici et aliorum infra libertatem predictam quam aliorum in partibus illis
peruliles extitisse, ac dampna et gravamina que idem Walterus per imprisonamentum et alio modo
contra bonam fidem et contra formam convencionum et condicionum predictarum sustinuit, et eciam ad
hoc cjuod ipse de aliqua felonia convictus nullatenus extitit, per quod ipse terras et tenementa sua
forisfacere deberet, volentes quod, ex causis premissis, convenciones et condiciones predictas secundum
exigenciam bone fidei observari et essonio debito mancipari, precepimus vicecomiti nostro Northumber-
landie, quod ipse omnia terras et tenementa ipsius Walteri que premissa occasione in manuni dicti patris
nostri capta fuerunt eidcm Waltero liberari faceret. Et prefato Lodowico similiter mandavimus quod
eidem Waltero omnia terras et tenementa sua que occasione premissa infra libertatem suam Dunol-
mensem in manum suam seisiri fecit faceret liberari, tenenda prout ea tenuit ante capcionem supra-
dictam, sicut per inspeccionem rotulorum cancellarie nostre nobis constat. Ac prefatus Lodowicus
antequam mandatum nostrum predictum execucioni extitit mancipatum, diem suum clausit extremum ut
accepimus. Nos, volentes prefato Waltero in hac parte fieri quod est justum, vobis mandamus, sicut
alias mandavimus, quod eidem Waltero omnia terras et tenementa sua, que occasione predicta infra
libertatem predictam in manum predicti Lodowici seisita fuerint et in manu vestra sic existunt, liberari
faci.'itis, tenenda prout ea tenuit ante capcionem supradictam. Et si causa substiterit quare id facere
minima debeatis, tunc nos de causa ilia reddatis sub sigillo vestro distincte et aperte certiores, hoc breve
nobis remittentes. Teste me ipso apud villam de Sancto Johanne, undecimo die Julii anno regni
nostri decimo.

' The title deeds are set out in the Tynemouth Chartulary, and are as follow :

(a) Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego, Walterus de -Selbi, dominus de .Sighal, dedi, etc., domino
Roberto de Merske, rectori ecclesie de Whalton, unam placeam cum omnibus pertinenciis suis in villa de
Sighal predicta, continentem in se unam acram terrae et amplius, jacentem ex oriental! parte mesuagii
quondam Robert! coci, ex opposito situs manerii mei de Sighal, sicut mete et divise jacent et
proponant, etc. Hiis testibus, domino Roberto de la Val, Johanne de Insula, militibus, Simone de
Welteden, Henrico Faukes, Johanne de Bacworth, Johanne filio Johannis de Horsley, et aliis. Datum
apud Sighal, octavo die Aprilis, anno regni regis Edwardi tercii quinto (1331). Fol. 91 b.

(fc) Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego, Walterus de Selbi, dominus de Sighal, dedi, etc., domino
Roberto de Merske, rectori ecclesie de Whalton, heredibus et assignatis suis imperpeluum, quendam
annuum redditum tresdecim solidorum et quatuor denariorum argenti percipiendum annuatim de
omnibus terris et tenementis meis in Sighal, de quibus Katcrina, u.xor mea, non est feoftata, etc. Datum
apud Sighal, die veneris, duodecimo die Aprilis, anno regni regis Edwardi tercii quinto (1331). Fol. 92.

(c) Two grants of the premises iflade by Robert de Merske to Thomas de .'\ukland, chaplain.
Dated at Tynemouth, September 14th, 1331. Fols. 92 b and 93.

The same witnesses attest all four deeds. On May 27th, 1336, Thomas de Aukland, then rector ot
the church of Whalton, received licence from the king to assign the premises to the prior and convent
of Tynemouth. See vol. viii. of this work, p. 115.

The reason for the assignment of the rent-charge is to be founil at fols. 52 and 59, and a receipt
given in 1335 for three years' arrears at fol. i6g b. Various receipts are also entered in the register for a
yearly payment of two marks, to which Walter de Selby had engaged himself, probably in return
for a loan {ibiii. fols. 162 b, 165 b, 170, 176 b).

The acre of land hereby conveyed, called Prior's acre, together with a fee-farm rent of 1 8s. gAd.
and certain lands called Treasurer's land, passed to the Crow-n on the suppression of Tynemouth priory
and subsequently became the property of the Percy family.

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP. 63

Selby soon found a more congenial iield for his activity than the
hiw courts. He was knighted, followed Edward Baliol into Scotland in
1332, and received from that royal adventurer, on October 24th, 1332,
all the lands of Sir William Wishart of Prenderleith.' In J 337 he was
in command of Bothwell castle in Scotland,^ when the outbreak of the
Hundred Years' War drew him to the Low Countries in the retinue of
William de Bohun, earl of Northampton.^ At the close of the campaign,
he returned with the earl to the Scottish border, and was placed by him
in charge of Lochmaben castle, one of the English advanced posts across
the Tweed. There, in 1342, he and the bishop of Carlisle made a heroic
defence against the Scots, forced them to raise the siege, and forestalled
the English army which was hastening to relieve the beleaguered fortress.^

The siege of Calais in 1346 gave the Scots their opportunity. All
the English strongholds in the Lowlands, with their diminished garrisons,
were reduced in quick succession by the Scottish king. Selby, with a
few followers, held out in Liddell pele.* For three days the Scots lay
round the castle, waiting for its surrender. On the fourth they delivered
a general assault. Then when the walls had been battered down by
artillery, and the enemy had gained an entry, Selby gave himself up.
He heard that he had been condemned to death. King David consented
to see him, and he knelt at the king's feet, hoping that his life might
yet be spared, but only to hear his death sentence again pronounced.
Two of his sons were killed before his eyes ; and with no time to make
his shrift he was hurried to execution ; whereat King David's hobelars
clapped their hands and stamped upon the ground. He was a brave
self-seeker, a loyal servant of strong masters.^

'Mackenzie {Northitmherland, ed. 1811, vol. ii. pp. 8-g) quotes Baliol's charter as a grant ot
Biddleston made by Edward I., in which he has been followed by other writers. The original
charter is still preserved at Biddleston. For notes on the history of Prenderleith see Bcrwicksliire
Naturalists^ Club, vol. xi. p. 127.

- Rotuli Scotiac, vol. i. p. 488. ■' Cat. Pat. Rolls, 1334-1338, p. 530.

' Chronicon Aiigliae, Rolls Series, pp. 13-14.

' Some six months previously, on March Sth, Selby had been appointed, with Thomas de Lucy and
others, as commissioners for the suppression of outrages committed on the Cumberland marches. Cnl.
Close Rolls, 1 346- 1 349, p. 59.

" Chronicon de Lanercost, Bannatyne Club, pp. 345-346 ; Geoffrey Baker, Chronicon, Caxton Society,
pp. 86-S7 ; Robert de Avesbury, Dc Gestis Edwai-di Tcrcii, Rolls Series, p. 376 ; Letters from Northern
Registers, I^oUs Series, p. 387 ; William de Pakington in Leland, Collectanea, ed. 1774, vol. ii. p. 470. The
massacre at Liddell pele is admitted by Scottish writers ; Wyntoun, Cronykil of Scotland, Historians of
Scotland Series, vol. ii. pp. 472-473.

Sir Thomas Gray is the only writer who, in recounting the death of .Selby, alludes to his earlier
career. This portion of the Scalachronica is missing, but Leland has given an abridgment : 'And the

64 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

His eldest surviving son, James de Selby, was one of the few who
escaped alive from Liddell pele. He was still a boy ; his youth saved
him from death and obtained for him the lighter penalty of eight years'
detention in a Scottish prison.' Before his release came, his younger
brother, Walter de Selby IV. had sold Seghill and the Biddleston and
Alnham lands for two hundred marks to Sir William Delaval (1351).'
He ratified the settlement, of which, on January 19th, 1354, Delaval
obtained royal confirmation.'

The new owner of Seghill was also lord of the manor 01 Benwell,
under an entail made in 1349 by his father, Sir Robert Delaval of Seaton
Delaval. His marriage with Christiana de Eslington brought him a share
in the Eslington inheritance. In the course of a long life he held
important posts, both military and civil, being chamberlain, chancellor,
and controller of the customs at Berwick-upon-Tweed, escheator for the
northern counties, and knight of the shire for Northumberland, while he
also did military service both in Scotland and in Acquitaine.* His title
to Seghill was not left undisputed. On June 6th, 1390, John de Selby,
son of Sir Walter de Selby,'* with his son, Walter de Selby, came to
Seghill tower, and required Sir William Delaval to leave the place, claiming
to be the rightful owner. On Delaval's refusal, he threatened to burn
him out, or to carry him off into Scotland, if he did not give himself up
as prisoner. Eventually William Whethamstede, cellarer of Tynemouth
priory. Sir John Manners, and William de Whitchester came to Seghill
and bailed out Sir William Delaval and his son for seven hundred marks.''

tyme of the ij firste monthes of the assege of Calays, he [King David] entered ons in somer in to
the parties of Cairluelshire, and a nother by Suhvath, and after assaylid the pile of Lidel, and wan it
by assaute, and then cut of the hedde of Water Selby, capitayne there, that afore had beene of the covyn
of Gilbetert Midleton, that kept Mitford castel and Horton pile agayn king Edwarde.' Collectanea,
ed. 1774, vol. ii. p. 561. Some further account of Sir Walter de Selby is to be found in the Genealogist,
new series, vol. vii. pp. 191-193.

' Ancient Petitions, P.R.O. 12,306 ; Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. iii. p. 308.

^ Feet of Fines, 25 Edw. III. No. 90. " Pat. Rolls, 27 Edw. III. pars i, m. 4.

* For the personal history of Sir William de la Val and his descendants, see the Delaval pedigree
(Table I.), given below under Seaton Delaval.

' On April 12th, 1358, James de Selby resigned to his brother, John de Selby, all claim to the barony
of Prenderleith. Genealogist, new series, vol. vii. p. 191, from deed at Biddleston.

" Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1388-1392, p. 340. Coram Rege Rolls, No. 518, m. 25 d. In August, 1391, the same
John de Selby brought an assize of novel disseisin against Henry, first earl of Northumberland, Sir John
de Felton, Sir William de la Val, John de Mitford, William Halliwell, George de la Val, John de la Val,
Thomas de la Val, Robert de la \'al, William de Cramlington, Robert de Hedley, Adam de .Seton,
John de Whitlawe, John Basset, Alan Whitehead, chaplain, John de Eyiond, chaplain, William de
la Val, William Sabram, William de Mitford, William de Vescy, Thomas de Whitley, William Hedewyn,
John Brotherwyk, and William Holgrave. Assize Rolls, No. 1,500, m. 31 d.

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP.

MITFORD O-F SEGHILL.

Ak'MS: QiKirterly, l and 4, ardent a /ess between ifwee moles sahie (Mitford) ;

2, argent three lions heads erased sa'de (Burcestre ?) ; 3, azure six annulets^

3, 2, I, (jr, a mullet for difference (Musgrave). Si. George's Visitation of
Northumberland^ 1615.

TABLE I.

Robert Mitford, to whom Sir John Burcestre and Elizabeth, his wife, convej-ed
the manor of Seghjll In 1441 (^Fe/t of Fines, 19 Hen. VI. No. 9), and Brandon
in 1446 i^ibid. 24 Hen. VI. No. 12) ; knight of the shire in 1449 and sheriff
of Northumberland in 1452.

Robert Mit- ■.
ford of Seg-
hill (/;).

Margaret, daughter and co-heir
of Thomas Musgrave of Ryal
(Jt) ; dead before iSth April,
1488 (rt).

I
Margery, married before 1446,
James Horsley, alias Dela-
val, afterwards of Seaton
Delaval.

Robert Mitford of Seghill
(?), living l8th April,
1488, when he was
found grandson and co-
heir of Thomas Mus-
grave (^a) ; died 20th
March, 1519/20; seised
of a moiety of the man-
orsof Heatonand Ryal,
of the manor of Bran-
don,of lands at Seghill,
Kearsley.etc. ; Inq.p.m.
12 Hen. VIII. ((i).

Anne (Ji)

who by deed
dated 20th
Aug., 1 5 16,
had a moiety
of Ryal,
Kearsley and
the manor of
Biandon for
her life (/<) ;
living 20th
Sept., Ii20

I I

Nicholas Mitford (^) [clerk in C
orders], party to deed dated
8th March, 1519/20 (/<■) ; 24th
June, 1530, took a lease of coal
mines in Cowpen and Bebside
fiom the prior and convent of
Tynemouth (w).

John Mitford (jf), to whom his
brother gave the water-mill at
Seghill for his life (h) ; living
5th January, 1539/40 («)■

a quo Mitfor

hristopher Mitford of New-
castle, to whom his brother, by
deed dated 8th Dec. 1509,
gave a rent-charge on Heaton
(/;) ; customer of the port of
Newcastle in 1515; appointed
feodary of Crown lands in
Northumberland, 29th Nov.,
1535 ; will dated 5th January,
1539/40 ; proved 7th February,
153940; to be buried in St.
Nicholas's church (a).

d of Hulam and Pespool, co,

.■\gnes,
daughter 1
of Chris-
tophei* I
Brigham i

I
James (f).

Durha

Margery, daughter
of Sir John Wid-
drington of Wid-
drington, knight

(/') (0-

John Mitford of Seghill (/;), son and heir, was
14 years of age and upwards at the date of
his father's death (fi) ; died 14th .\pril, 1566
(0 ; Inq.p.m. 8 Elizabeth (c). t

For issue see Tabh

Magdalen, daughter of
John Fenwick of Ken-
ton, second wife (/).

II.

II II

Margaret, Joan,

Elizabeth, Barbara,

all under age and

living, 8th .March,

1519/20 (K).

John Mitford f/;) of Seghill, = Barbara, daughter

son and heir, was 36 years
of age at the time of his
father's death (c) ; died 6th
November, I5[7i] (</) ;
Inq. p.m. 14 Eliz. (</).

of Thomas Law-
son of Cramling-
ton (Jj) ; [? n>ar.
riage settlement,
13th December,
1550(0]-

I
Oswald Mitford (0 of Ryal ;
articles before marriage,
2 1st March, 1 560/1 (c) ;
living 2 1st September,
1566 (c) ; administration
of his personal estate, 18th
March, 158S {k}.

Jane, daughter of Sir
John Delaval of Sea-
ton Delaval, knight,
(; ), contracted to be
married, 2gth June,
1561 (c) ; living 21st
September, 1566 (c).

Mil

Ralph Mitford
(.d-) (0 [of
Bedlington,
will proved

1589^].

Margery (/ ).
Margaret (i)-

John Mitford of the parish of Stamfordham
son and heir, will proved 1 598 (/■).

Ill I

William. Doroth)-.

Oswin.
Thomas.
All living i8th March, 15S8 (t).

Margaret, married
William Shafto.

I I
Ursula.
Grace,

Robert Mitford of Seg-
hill, son and heir, was
aged 20 years and 4
months at date of his
father's inquisition
(_(€) ; buried 7th Sept.,

i5ii o ) ; ^"i- p->"-

10 James I. («) ; ad-
ministration of his
personal estate, 17th
January, 1611/2 (/f).

Vol. IX,

.•\lison, or Alice, daughter of
Bertram Anderson of New-
castle, alderman (/;), married
at St. Nicholas', Newcastle,
19th September, 1575 ; by
deed, 26th April, 1608, had
Seghill for her jointure ((*)
(0) ; buried 22nd January,
1616/7 (y) ; administration of
her personal estate, 21st Feb-
ruaiy, l(ili>\l (Ji).

I
Henry Mitford of
Bewick, admin-
istration of his
personal estate,
13th March,

1592/3 V'k').

I I I

Oswald,

Gabriel,

Philip,
all living
13th March,
1592/3 (,eyf).

I
George Mitford, appren-
ticed, 2nd Feb., 1585,
to William Browell of
Newcastle, mercer (n) ;
living 13th March,
1592/3 {kk).

I I

Ogle

Magdalen, married Oliver

of Burradon (h) {kk).
Anne, liv. 13th March, 1592/3 (kk).

Margery (Jik). mar. 6th Feb..
i59+'5i John Strange,
ways O) of Cheswick.

EARSDON CHAPEI-RY.

I
John Mitford, son
and heir appar-
ent, by deed
dated 26th
April, 1608, was
disinherited and
provided for by
an annuity (ir)
((?) ; was 32 years
ofageatthedate
of his father's
inquisition (^).

Elizabeth, daughter of
Sir Timothy Whit-
tingham of Holm-
side, CO. Durham,
knt. (//), post-nup-
tial settlement, 1st
March, 1611/2 (/)
(0) ; died 1st Dec,
1613 ; buried in
Lanchester church ;
niotiiimental in-
scription.

= Michael Mitford (/i) ■■
of Seghill, second
son (<f) ; heir by
adoption ; entered
his pedigree at St.
George's Visitation
in 1615 (/;) ; died
22nd November,

1637 C/) ; /«?.

p.m. 14 Chas. I.
(7) ; will dated
Nov., 1637 (/6).

Robert Mitford of Seghill (/<), admitted to :
Gray's Inn, 2nd February, 1632/3 ; was
24 j'ears of age at the date of his father's
inquisition (/") ; high sheriff of North-
umberland, 1640 ; died during his shriev-
alty ; buried 5th December, 1640 (/) ;
administration of his personal estate, 1 2th
January, 1640/1 (J:).

Mary (/j), dau. and
co-heir of Robert
Delaval of Cow-
pen (/>) ; she re-
married Edward
Grey of Cowpen,
and died in Feb.,
1649/50 (/).

I I

Robert Mitford, son and heir, baptised 14th Mary, buried

May, 1640 (/) ; buried 2Sth April, 1641 12th July,

(»• 1639 O).

Jane, daughter Bertram Mitford (/;) (c) of New-

of Sir Robert castle, will dated 5th July, 1623

Delaval of (/•) ; buried 7th July, 1623 (i).

Seaton Dela- Christopher, bur. 1 2th .May, I jgo (^').

val, knt. (//), Robert Mitford (/;) (^), apprenticed

married 5th 13th November, 1608, to Francis

Sept., 1615 liurrell of Newcastle, mercer («) ;

(y); to whom died 29th November, buried 1st

her husband December, l66r (7).

gave his house Henry Mitford (/;) (<■), apprenticed,

at Higham 30th November, 160S, to Ralph

Dike ("f). Cock of Newcastle, boothman
(«) ; living 5th July, 1623 (*).

Oswald Mitford (/;) (c), apprenticed, 2gth September,

1609, to Robert Cook of Newcastle, boothman (?/) ;

living 8th April, 1619 (^) ; living 5th July, 1623 (/■) ;

[query of North Weetslade ; will dated 26th

November, 1634 (i)].
Isabel, married John Hull (<f) (//) of Ousterley, co.
Durham (/;) ; marriage licence, 1st March, l6oi.
Jane (^) (^), unmarried 5th July, 1623 (;4) ; [married

at St. John's, Newcastle, 5th February, 1625/6,

Oliver Killingworth of Killingworth].
Anne (<•) (/;). unmarried 5th July, 1623 (/f).
Barbara (<■) (//), unmarried 5th July, 1623 (/).

Ralph Mitford (/;) of
Seghill, uncle and
heir, ' was buried or
entered into his
tombe in the church
of Earsdon in the
vault belonging to
him,' 17th February,
1660/1 (>) ; ad-
ministration of his
personal estate, 15th
April, 1664 (k).

Barbara, dau. of
Richard Heron of
Bockenfield (;) ;
married, secondly,
before 15th April,
1664, Robert
Johnson (/) (k).

I •
Thomas Mitford (/;)
of High Heaton,
youngest son, buried
25th October, 1672
(5) ; administration
of his personal estate,
1673 (I)-

Michael Mitford, named in his cousin's marriage
1673, to Christopher Ellison of Newcastle
February, 1684 ; died 1706 («).

I I I
.Alison, baptised 6th July, 1622 (y);

buried 19th of same month (7).
Jane, married first, 9th February, 1642/3,

George Milbourne of Chirton (y), and

secondly, at Tynemouth, 1st January,

165 1/2, Ralph Fenwick.
Dorothy, named in her father's will

(^'); married John Humphrey' Proctor

of Shawdon (x).

settlement, 1669(7) : apprenticed nth November,
; admitted free of Merchants' Company, 14th

Mary,
daugh-
ter of

Ander-
son of
New-
castle

Robert Mitford of Seghill, baptised 18th Septem- :
ber, 1645 (/) ; of Corpus Christi College,
Oxon. ; matriculated loth June, 1664, aged 18 ;
admitted to Gray's Inn, 21st May, 1664; sold
the manor of Heaton, 27th April, 1692, to
Nicholas Ridley of Newcastle («) ; buried ' in
his own sepulchre' in Earsdon church, gth
November, 1713 0); will dated 17th March,
1711/2 ; proved 1714 (f).

Christian, daughter of Sir William
Blackett of Newcastle, bart. ;
articles before marriage, 22nd
November, 1669 (y) ; married
30th December, 1669 (j) ; buried
in the chancel of Earsdon church,
gth July, 1716 (;) ; will dated at
Newcastle, 24th November, 1 7 1 5 ;
proved 17 16 (/).

I I I
Michael, baptised 31st May, 1647

(/) ; buried 9th October of

same j^ear (/).
Barbara, baptised gth November,

1648 o)-.

Anne, baptised 26th September,
^^50 O) \ married 23rd
AuE^ust, 1670, Gawen Preston
of Newcastle (7).

I I

William, eldest son
and heir (y), bap-
tised nth April,
1671 (/) I died 6th
March, 1681/2 (y) ;
buried in Morpeth
chancel.

Robert, baptised nth
April, 1672 (» ;
died 4th March,
1681/2 O) ; buried
in Morpeth chancel.

Michael Mil- :
ford of Seg-
hill, bapt. 8th
July, 1675

O); [M-l'-
for Gt. Bed-
win, Wilts.,
1701] ; na-
med in his
mother'swill ;
dead before
1717.

Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Sir I'^ran-
cis Blake of
F^ord, knight ;
she married, se-
cond, at Black
Bourton, Oxon.
iSthJune, 1717,
Edward [Digby
Gerard] Hun-
gerford of Black
Bourton (»).

I I

Ralph, bap-
tised I2th
F^ebruary,
1677/8 (».

Timothy, bap-
tised 4th
Mar. 1678/9
(/) ; buried
27th Sep-
tember,l67g
(»■

I
Blackett Mitford, bap-
tised 7th July, 1681
(/) ; apprenticed 14th
Jul}', 1 6g6, to Jonathan
Roddam of Newcastle,
boothman («) ; lieuten-
ant in Major-General
G. Hamilton's regt. of
foot, 1 702- 1 707 ; after-
wards settled in Bom-
bay {g) ; will dated 23rd
August, 1721 ; proved
gth April, 1759 (?).

Susanna, named
in her hus-
band's will and
in codicil dated
I5lh January,

1730/1 {g)\

mar. secondly,
Thomas Red-
shaw of Bom-
ba)^, and after-
wards of St.
Anne's, Soho,
haberdasher

(?)■

I Susanna, only daughter and executrix, married John Spring of Brigg, co. Lincoln (y) ; party to deed, 15th June, I75g (y).

SEGHILL TOVVNSHir.

I I I

William, baptised nth Septem-
ber, 1683 O') ; living 4th
May, 1695 (7).

Robert Mitford, baptised l6th
September, 16S4 (7) ; appren-
ticed 1st No\'ember, 1700, to
Thomas Salkeld of Newcastle,
mercer ; admitted free of Mei-
chants' Company, 2gth Jul)',
1719 (n) ; party to deed, 5th
April, 1723 ((/) ; [bur. 7th June.
1723, at St. John's, Newcastle].

Christopher Mitford of Newcastle,
baptised 30th January, 168; 6
(y) ; an executor of his father's
will ; named in his mother's will
(/) ; will dated 26th January,
1744 (y) ; proved 1750 (/).

. M I I I I I I

Elizabeth, baptised nth July, 1673(7); married Robert Lilburn (/) of Sunderland,

CO. Durham, and of Kenton and Gunnerton («') ; named in her mother's will (/) ;

buried at St. James's, Clerkenwell, December, 1735 («')•
Margaret, baptised 24th July, 1676 (7) ; married Richard Carr of Newcastle ; marriage

licence dated Sth July, 1695 (/) ; party to deed, 9th May, 1723 (y).
Christian, baptised 20th April, 16S0 (7) ; married John Laidman, clerk in orders,

vicar of Mitford ("/) ; bond of marriage. 2iu\ October, 1707 ; named in her mother's

will (/) ; party to deed, igih November, 1720 (y).
Julia, baptised 5th September, 16S7 (7) ; buried 26th September, 1688 (7).
Diana, baptised 13th September, 1688 (7) ; married 29lh April, 1708, Stephen

Watson of North Seaton (7) ; named in her mother's will (/) ; party to deed, 14th

September, 1723 (y).
Dorothy, baptised at All Saints', Newcastle, 5th November, 1689 (7) ; not married at

date of her mother's will (/) ; married Thomas Billings of Heighington (^) ; party

to deed, 14th September, 1723 (7).
Mary, baptised i8th December, i6go (7) ; buried in her father's sepulchre in PZarsdon

church, 26lh March, 1714 (7).
Barbara, baptised 25th April, 1692 (7) ; party to deed, 14th September, 1723 (y).

Robert Mitford of Seghill, born at Dissington, 23rd = Mary, party
January, baptised at Newburn, 25th January, 1698/g to fine,

(7) ; sold Ryal, Ingo and Kearsley ciicn 1721 to
his kinsman. Sir William lilackett, bart. (y) ; con-
veyed Seghill, i6th August, 1723, to George Allgood
of Inner Temple (y).

28lh Janu-
ary, 1 720/1

Francis [a son], born
at Seaton Delaval,
4th January, baptised
in the chapel there,
I Sth January, 1699/
1700 (7).

Nathaniel Mitford,
mentioned in the
will of his grand-
father. Sir Francis
Blake, bart., 17th
August, 1717.

1654, 1st September. John Midefoord, son to Thomas Midfoord of Bedlingtown, died and buried in the quire of
Earsdon, under Master Middford's marble stone. £arsdon Register.

* Christopher Mitford of Newcastle had issue, by his wife Alice, two sons and three daughters, viz., Francis Mitford,
son and heir, named in his father's will and died s.p. ; Christopher Mitford ; Margaret, wife of Henry Brandling of
Newcastle ; Sybil, wife of Bertram C)rde of Newcastle ; and Eleanor, wife of Bertram Anderson of Newcastle.

Christopher .Mitford, junior, was sheriff of Newcastle in 1551, and mayor and governor of the Merchants' Company in
1556 and 1559. He entered his pedigree at Flower's visitation in 1562/3 ; made his will 21st October, 1577 (see Durham Wilts
and Inventories, vol. ii. Surt. Soc. Pub. pp. 30-32), and was buried in St. Nicholas' church, Newcastle, 31st May, 1581.
He left a widow, Jane, daughter of Henry Anderson of Newcastle, who made her will, i6th October, i5o6 (^Durham Wills,
vol. ii. p. 31, note), and was buried in St. Nicholas', igth April, 1608. By her he had issue :

(i) Henry Mitford, sheriff of Newcastle in 1582, mayor of that town in 1584, and its representative in parliament in
1588 and I5g2. He married Barbara, daughter and coheir of Edmund Parkinson of Hulam in the county of Durham, and
on 22nd July, 1591, purchased half of the manor of Hulam. On l6th May, 1596, he was buried at St. Nicholas', where
his wife was interred on the following day. Por his issue see Mr. H. R. Leighton, 'The Genealogy of Mitford' in
Genealogical Magazine, 1903, pp. 491-498. The inventory of his goods is printed in Durham Wills, vol. iii. p. 173.

(2) Robert Mitford of Newcastle, merchant, married at St. Nicholas', Newcastle, 12th September, 1574, Eleanor Shafto,
by whom he left issue. He was buried at St. Nicholas', 4th December, 1592. The inventory of his goods is printed in
Durham Wills, vol. ii. pp. 214-21S.

(3) Alice, wife of Edmund Craster of Craster. Her will, which is dated 23rd September, 1597, is printed in Durham
Wills, vol. iii. p. 165.

t At a court held by the lord warden at Alnwick castle on 2nd December, 1549, John Mitford of Seghill complained
against George Bulmnn for the third part of the ransom of two Scottish prisoners taken by Bulman at the field of Pinkie
Cleugh, forasmuch as he had sent him forth to the king's service at that time, furnished him with a horse, and appointed him
to attend upon his son, who was also present in the said service. Duke 0/ Rutland's MSS. Hist. MSS. Com. vol. i. p. 52.

(a) Tn/j. p.m. Thomas Musgrave, taken 18th April,

1488 ; Cal. Inq. Hen. VII. p. 144.
(/') Inq. p.m. Robert Mitford, 12 Hen. \'ni. C.

vol. 35, No. 50, taken at Newcastle, 20th

September, 1520.
(c) Inq. p.m. John Mitforth, 8 Eliz. C. vol. 143, No.

58, taken at Ponteland, 2ist September, 1566.
((Z) Inq. p.m. John Mitforth, 14 Eliz. C. vol. 161,

No. 118, taken at Ponteland, I2th June, 1572.
(<■) Inq. p.m. Robert Mittforth, 10 James I. C. vol.

515, No. 104, taken at Newcastle, December,

1612.
(/) ^"'1- P-'"- Michael Mitford, 14 Charies I. C. vol.

485, No. 149, taken at Morpeth, 17th Oct., 1636.
(,^) Flower's Visitation of Yorkshire, 1562/3.
(/;) St. George's Visitation of Northumberland, 161 5.
(:) Dugdale's Visitation of Northumberland, 1666.

(7) Earsdon Register.

{k) Raine, Test. Ditnelm.

Ifi) Sir Cuthbert Sharpe's MSS. vol. 35, p. 23.

(/) Durham Probate Registry.

(/«) Ministers' .Accounts (Northumberland, 30-31

Hen. VHI.).
(«) Dendy, Newcastle Merchant Adventurers.
(0) Viscount Ridley's deeds.
(/) Welford, Royal Compositions, p. 216.
((/) Mr. F^rederick Blake's deeds.
(>■) Mr. Richard Welford's CollecUons.
(j) St. Nicholas' Registers, Newcastle.
(/) Chester, London Marriage Licences, p. 846.
(7/) Prerogative Court, Canterbury,
(f) A'oles and Queries, 4th series, vol. vi. page 134.
(7£') Cf. Nciocastle Courant, 14th October, 1738.
(.v) Registered pedigree at Heralds' College.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

TABLE II.
Issue of Joliu Milfoi J of Seghill, by his second wife, Magdalen, daughter of John Fenwick of Kenton (a).

Robert Mitford
(ff) of New-
castle, buried
31st August,
1597 W; fid-
ministration
of his per-
sonal estate,
17th Decem-
ber, 1597 (^).

Isabel, daughter of
John Grey of New-
castle (rt), married
at AH Saints, New-
castle, 17th April,
1592 ; buried 2nd
April, 1615 (</); ad-
ministration of her
personal estate, 25th
June, 161 5 (/»).

I
Christopher Mitford
(a) of Newcastle,
merchant, will dated
iIlhSept.,l6i3(//);
buried 2 1st Sept.,
I6l3('/)-

: Eleanor,
buried
6lh July,
iOio((/).

I
Bertram Mitford, living 2yth
September, 1623 (i).

I
Bertram Mitford (a)
[? of the city of
Durham ; adminis-
tration of his per-
sonal estate, 14th
Jan., 1580/1 (i')].

Jane, married first, Francis Burrell ((5), mar-
riage licence, 25th June, 1608 ; and second,
Ralph Carnaby of Halton (<).

I I

Jane (a), married

Robert Mitford of

(«), whose

dated 28th

1625.

Mitford
will is
March,
.Anne (a).

I . I

John Mitford of Newcastle (a), mer- = Jane, daughter of Robert Bewick of Christopher Mit-

chant adventurer, buried 5lh October, Newcastle (a) (e) ; married 25th ford (a), was

1623 ((/) ; will dated 29th September, October, 1620; buried i8th Novem- under age in

1623; proved same year (/') C"^)- her, 1621 (</) ; monumental inscrip- 1615 C/6) ; died

tion, St. Nicholas". s./>. (a).

I
Margaret
(a), liv-
ing in
1615W.

Robert Mitford of Newcastle (n), baptised 19th November, 1621, = F.lizabeth, daughter of Ralph Maddison of Newcastle (a).

at St. Nicholas', Newcastle ; admitted free of Merchants' Com
pany by patrimony, loth October, 1651 ; was 45 years of age
when he entered his pedigree at the Herald's Visitation in
1666 Qi) ; buried i8th April, 1675 Q/).

living 28th March, 1674, when she joined her husband
in the sale of premises, Elmer's Lane or Colvin's Chare,
Newcastle, which he had from his grandfather, Robert
Bewick ; [buried 28th July, 16S9 (</)].

I
Robert Mitford, was 16 years
of age when his father
entered his pedigree, 25th
August, 1666 (a).

I
John Mitford, was 15 years of age
in 1666 (a"); apprenticed 1st Sept.,
1667, to Richard Wright of New-
castle, boothman ; died cirai 1680.

(a) Dugdale's Visitatioit oj
Northumherland, 1666.

(Ji^ Raine, Test. Dunelnt.
(f) Raine, Test. Ehor.

I I .1

Ralph Mitford, was 13 years of Mary, born

age in i656 (a). before 25th

Lionel -Mitford, was 7 years of Aug., 1666

age in 1666 (a). (a).

(<^) St. Nicholas' Registers, Newcastle.
(e) Cf. Arch. .Ael. vol. xviii. pp. 253-254.

Seghill, Benwell, and Biddleston passed under entail first to the son
and then to the grandson of Sir William Delaval.' The latter, William
Delaval III.,^ being childless, enfeoffed his father-in-law, William Ellerby,
of Seghill, upon certain trusts. Apparently the settlement was made in
favour of Delaval's kinswoman, Dame Elizabeth Burcester, for, when he
died, and Ellerby proceeded to put other persons into possession, Sir John
Burcester and his wife appealed to the Court of Chancery and obtained
the manor, as being the persons interested under the settlement.' They

' Omnibus, etc. Alanus Whitheved capellanus et Johannes de Killingworth senior. Coiicessimus
et ad firmam dimisimus Willelmo de la Vale militi maneria nostra de Sighall, Benewell et Bidelisden,
cum omnibus suis pertinenciis in Hesilden in comitatu Notthumbrie, habenda et tenenda, etc., usque
ad terminuni decern annorum post datam presencii, etc., reddendo inde quolibet anno predictorum
annorum unam libram cymini, etc. In cujus, etc. Datum apud Sighall in crastino pro.ximo post festum
sancti Michaelis Archangeli. Hiis testibus, Ricardo de Horsley tunc vicecomite Northumbrie, Alano
de Heton, Roberto de la' Vale militibus, Willelmo de Heseliig, Ricardo de Cramlington, et aliis, anno
Domini millesiino ccc"'" Ixx primo. Wnterford Charters, Ford castle. No. 4.

^ By letters of attorney, dated October 14th, 143 1, John Remyngton and Thomas Major appointed
John Turpyn to give seisin to William de la Val, and Margaret his wife, daughter of Sir John de Wid-
drington, of ten husbandlands in Seghill. Waterjord Charters, No. 56.

' A le gracious seignur le chaunceller d'Engleterre, supplie humblement Johan Burcestre, chivaler
del hostielle nostre soveraine seignur le roy, et Elizabeth sa femme, cosyne et heire d'un William de la
Vale esquyer, q'est a Dieu commaunde, que, come meisme le William fuist seisie en son demesne come

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP. 69

immediately (1441) sold it to their kinsman, Robert Mitford, for one
hundred pounds,' and five years hiter settled upon him their property in
Brandon, and gave him the ultimate reversion of the whole of the Seaton
Delaval estates.^ Though neither Robert Mitford nor his descendants
profited by this last entail, they acquired considerable property elsewhere
by a marriage with one of the two daughters and co-heirs of Thomas
Musgrave, which brought a moiety of Heaton, Ryall, Kearsley, and Ingoe
into their possession.

A report made by Joshua Delaval, about the year 1596, contains a
description of the economic changes lately accomplished in the township :

Sighell, being a lordship and inheritance of Robert Metfurth, esquire, wheron John Metfiirth,
father of the said Robert, kept two ploues going upon his demayne iher of auncient time ; and about
the 1 2th yeare of her Majesty's reigne ther was also in the said towne of Sighell ten tenements or
fermholds, wheron ther dwelt ther ten able husbandmen, who kept tenne plowes ther goinge at will
of the lord, and every of them kept sufficient horse and furniture to attend the captaine of Tine-
mouth, with ye said John Metfurth, auncient-bearer in her Majestie's service. The tennants' names
were : Geo. Wardhaugh, Wm. Wardliaugh, Tho. Martin, Gawhin Haroppe, Wm. Mawvin, Richd.
Mawvin, Robt. Spurnwell, Robt. Hall, John Arcle, and Edw. Atchison, who occupied every one of
them to their fermholds 60 acres of arable land to every plowetilt, viz., 20 acres in every field at least,
and payed every of them 40s. rent yearlie or therabouts, as some of the auncient tenantts ther do
afifirme. All which tenantts the said John Metfurth displaced in his life time, defaced their tene-
ments, and converted their arable land into pasture, and annexed the same to his demayne to the
quantitie of 600 acres at least. So that wheras since the tenth yeare of her Majestie's reigne ther
was ten able men with horse and furniture fitt to serve her Majestic at all times, ther is now not any
tenement, tenant, horse nor furniture, wher the said auncient tenantts inhabited, nor haith not bene this
20 yeares last past at least, to the great decay of her Majestie's service and people, weekning of this
border and defrauding the Queen's Majestie's fermours of all maner of tithes apperteyninge to Tine-
mouth personage."

Considerable additions were made to Seghill tower in 1673.'* Frag-
ments of walling dating from this period may be seen in the Seghill

de fee de la manoir del Seghell oue les appurtinances en le counlee de Northumbr', et a cause que le dit
William n'avoit ascun issue de son corps engendree, et pur la graund affiance q'il avoit en un William
Elleiby, qi avoit espouse la miere du dit William de la Vale, enfefia le dit William Ellerby en le dit
manoir al entent que il, tauntost apres la deces de dit William de la Vale, ferroit estate au dite Elizabeth,
come sa cosyne et prochcin heire en fee ; et come, bienque les dilz suppliantz sovent foitz eient requys le
dit William Ellerby de faire estate au dite Elizabeth del manoir suisdit solonque I'entent suisdit, et que
nostre soverain seignur suisdit eit de sa grace adresse sez Icttres desouth son signet de ceo faire solonque
le dit entent, unquore il ceo faire ne voet, mes ad aliene le dit manoir as diverse persones estranges,
centre le dit entent, a graunt disheritcson du dite Elizabeth, sanz vostre noble grace celle partie ; que
pleise a vostre reverend paternite de considerer la matier suisdit, et coment les ditz suppliantz sont sanz
remedie a la commune ley celle parlie ; et sur ce de grauntier un brief adresse au dit William Ellerby
d'estre devaunt vous au certein jour d'estre examine sur la matiere avauntdit, et en outre de faire ceo que
droit el reson demandent, en score de charitee. Early Chancery Proceedings, bundle 68, No. 254.

' Feet of Fines, 19 Henry VI. No. 9. " Ibid. 24 Henry VI. Nos. 11 and 12.

' Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries. The number of tene-
ments given in this report corresponds with the number of husbandlands given in the deed of 1431, as
well as with the quota of farms at which Seghill was assessed in the Earsdon church books.

' Wallis, Norlhumhcrland, vol. ii. p. 270.

7°

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Colliery Institute, on the north side of the tower, and in the adjoining
Blake Arms. A curious terraced garden, adorned with statues and having
balustrades on the edge of each terrace, is said t(j have been formed about
the same time.' All trace of it has gone, but about sixty feet south from
the tower entrance is a forecourt, one hundred feet square, to which access
was given on the east through gates with noble stone piers fourteen feet in
height. The mansion-house continued habitable into the second half of
the eighteenth century, when it fell out of repair, and was finally dismantled
in 1827."

On August 16th, 1723, Robert Mitford sold his manor of Seghill for
_^4,ooo to George Allgood of the Inner Temple, third son of George
Allgood of Hexham and Lambley.^ Allgood resided at Seghill till his
death. His will, wdiich is curious, throws some light upon his family
relations.

Will of George Allgood of tlie Inner Temple, dated September 7th, 1727, proved March 12th, 1727/8.
Whereas I am seized in fee of the manor of Chipchase and of lands there and of all those tithes of corn
and grain called Birtley tithe, lately purchased by me from Sir Harry Heron, bart., son and heir of Sir
Charles Heron, bart., deceased, subject to a rent-charge of ^136 13s. 4d. granted by me during the lives
of the said Sir Harry Heron and Dame Elizabeth his wife; and of the manor and lordship of Seghill,
purchased from Sir William Blackett and Robert Mitford, esq. ; of Oakwood colliery in the parish of .St.
John Lee, and of certain leasehold property in London ; and whereas, out of friendliness to my brother
Robert .•Mlgood who had been harrassed with several expensive suits in law and chancery, as purchaser
of several estates in Northumberland from the said Sir Charles Heron, bart., under an Act of Parliament,
I carried on the said suits at my own costs, whereby my brother became indebted to me to the extent of
^2,400 ; and whereas my purchasing of the said Chipchase estate and Birtley tithes was to extricate
him out of the suits then depending between him and Sir Harry Heron, whereby my brother not only
had an allowance of ^1,200 for his said demands, but also had an allowance of a late advantageous pur-
chase made by him of the said Sir Harry Heron of Shortmoor and Burnmouth foot (parcel of Chipchase
demesne), and of Nunwick ; and whereas I have never been able to prevail with him to settle the
accounts of what is justly due from him to me, nor has he thought fit to indempnify me from several
securities in which I stand bound to him secured by a mortgage on his Flatworth lands held by him on
lease from the duke of Somerset, and on other property ; I give and bequeath my Chipchase estate and
Birtley tithes to my friends Lancelot Allgood of Hexham, junior, and Henry Quentry of the parish of St.
Mary Magdalen, Bermondsey, vintner, on trust to sell the same and out of the money thereby arising to
discharge the mortgage of ^3,000 to my nephew Charles Baldwin, to pay all my debts, to pay to my
wife, Elizabeth Allgood, ;£200 to be disposed of by her in such manner as she shall think fit at her
death, and to pay the several legacies hereinafter mentioned : To Anne, the wife of Mr. Soreby, mer-
chant, and Susanna and George Colpits, children of my niece Alice Colpits, ;/^ioo apiece. To my
cousins, Bridget Haswell and Elizabeth Johnson, daughters of my late nephew Paul Hudspeth merchant
deceased, ^100 apiece. To Charlotte, Anthony, and Sarah Quentry, children of the said Henry

' T. M. Richardson, Castles of the English and Scottish Bonier.

- To be let, the mansion-house of Sighill, having about three acres in gardening, well planted with
fruit trees, and two fields in very good condition adjoining the same, and the house has been lately new-
roofed. Newcastle Courant, January 31st, 1761.

Mr. Frederick Blake's deeds.

SEGHILL TOWNSHIP. 7 I

Qucntry, nephew of my said wife, ^ I oo apiece. To my cousin Martha Surtecs, late Martha Winshipp,
^loo. And the residue of the money arising by sale of the Chipchase estate and Dirtley tithes and the
aforesaid farm called Oakwood, I will to be applied by my trustees in the purchase of lands near my
estate at Seghill, and to be settled to the same uses as that estate. I charge my manor and lands of
Seghill with several annuities, viz., /!20o to my wife for life; ^lo apiece for life to my sisters, Alice
Hudspeth and Margaret Smith ; ^20 to my nephew, George Smith, during the joint lives of him and
my wife, and after her decease, then £^0 for life. I devise my said manor and lands of Seghill, so
charged, to my trustees to hold to the following uses: (i) to my brother, Thomas Allgood, and to his
heirs in tail male ; (2) to the said Lancelot Allgood and to his heirs in tail male ; {3) to my nephew,
George Smith, and to his heirs in tail male, upon condition that they take the name of Allgood ; (4) to
my cousin Major Allgood, brother of the said Lancelot Allgood, and to his heirs in tail male; (5) to my
own right heirs for ever. And all other my lands in the parish of St. John Lee to my said trustees upon
trust to sell the same and out of the money arising from the sale to pay off certain mortgages, bonds and
debts specified. I devise to my brother Robert Allgood one shilling and aquit him of the aforesaid debt
of ^2,400 and all other sums owing me, provided he pay the several debts, bonds and mortgages before
mentioned, and all other sums which I am bound with him for, he having no want or occasion for any
part of my estate, having about ^1,400 per annum out of his own estate, and but one young daughter.'

George Allgood died at Seghill shortly after making his will, and was
buried at He.xham, where his younger brother and heir, Thomas Allgood,
was also buried on January 30th, 1734. Neither Thomas Allgood nor
Lancelot Allgood, who died in the month of February, 1734, appear to
have left issue ; and the estate consequently descended to George Smith,
ah'as Allgood, son of Robert Smith of Dublin, bv Anne, sister of George
Allgood the testator. George Smith died at Marcli, in the Isle of Elv,
in August, 1749, leaving no male issue. Major Allgood, brother of Lancelot
Allgood of Hexham, and second son of Major Allgood, rector of Simon-
burn, had deceased in April, 1749, leaving an only daughter. Seghill
therefore reverted to the right heirs of George Allgood the testator, in
the person of Jane Allgood, onlv daughter and heir of Robert Allgood
of Nunwick. She married her kinsman, Sir Lancelot Allgood, son of
Isaac Allgood of Brandon White House and grandson of the rector of
Simonburn." Their only surviving son, Dr. James Allgood, sold Seghill
about the end of the eighteenth centurv to Sir Francis Blake of Twizel,
second baronet, whose son, Sir Francis Blake, third baronet, devised the
estate to Mr. Frederick Blake, the present owner.

The development of the coalfields underlving Seghill, which com-
menced in 1826, has added considerably to the size of the population.
In 1S46 the township was separated from Earsdon chapelry and was formed
into a new ecclesiastical district or parish, a part of Seaton Delaval and a

' Mr. Frederick Blake's deeds.

- Pedigree of Allgood in the Rev. John Hodgson's MSS. E 2, pp. 369-377.

72 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

small portion of Cramlington being annexed to it. The church, which is
dedicated to the Holy Trinity, was consecrated on July 23rd, 1849. ^"
March 10th, 1863, the Local Government Act of 1858 was adopted by
Seghill, and under the provisions of the x^ct of 1894 the township is
now governed by an Urban District Council consisting of five members.
The village contains a public elementary school, and chapels of the
Primitive and Free Church Methodists.

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP.

After flowing through Seghill township and skirting the northern
bounds of Backworth, the Seaton burn follows a deeper channel past the
village of Holywell. That name, in this as in many other instances of
its occurrence, is descriptive of the sanctity attached in the Middle Ages
to springs presenting peculiar chemical phenomena. Wallis, writing in
1769, observed :

At the village of Halyuell, near Seaton Delaval, in a field called the Park, is a spring ... of
a strong atramentous taste, and turns to a deep purple with galls. It is dedicated to St. Mary and is
called the haly-well, from which the village takes its name. In the stone pavement of the rivulet, on the
north side, next the village, is a vitrioline spring, very perceivable in a dry summer, rising in perpen-
dicular bubbles ; a yellow ochre, or martial earth, plentiful on the pavement by it. It is of an irony taste.
There is another of the same kind, a little higher up the rivulet, by a slate-quarry. They are both
known to the neighbourhood, but not used. They give a purple with galls.'

As a stage upon the road from Tynemouth to Bedlington, Holywell
early became a place of comparative size and importance. It forms the
centre of a township of 1,375 acres, of which the boundary runs northward
from the point of junction of Holywell, Backworth, and Seaton Delaval
townships, as far as the modern mining hamlet of Seaton Terrace. At
that point it turns eastward in the direction of the Dairy House. Falling
short of the Avenue railway-line, it proceeds southwards, across Holywell
dene, to Clark's houses on the Brierdene burn, and then follows up that
stream to its source at West Holywell, where Backworth township is
reached. The population, as taken at the last census, was 3,085.^ Until
a century ago, the name of the place was habitually written and pro-
nounced Halliwell, and this is still the local pronunciation.

' Wallis, Northumberland, vol. i. p. i8.

■'Census returns are as follow: 1801, 107; iSii, 124; 1821, 100; 1831, 478; 1841, 1,164; 1851,
1,134; 1861,1,261; 1871,1,555; 1881,2,231; 1891,2,782; 1901,3,085.

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP. 73

Holywell formed an outlying member of the extensive By well barony
conferred by William Rufus upon Guy de Baliol. It appears, from a
grant made by Henry II. to Hugh fitz Roger of free warren in Seaton,
Callerton and Holywell, that the last named vill had been granted out
by the Baliols before 1166 to the Delaval family.'

A fine or final concord taken before Henry de Pudsey, justiciar of
Hugh de Pudsey, bishop of Durham, in the court of Eustace de Baliol
at Woodhorn on May 8th, 1190, between Gilbert Delaval and Edwulf,
son of Robert of Holywell, deserves more than a passing attention. Not
only is it in all probability the sole surviving document illustrative of
Hugh de Pudsey's brief administration of the Northumbrian earldom
(i 189- 1 194), but it furnishes additional proof of the exercise of Ji/ra
regalia by the earl, and shows how each revival of the earldom brought
the old palatine powers into existence.'^ By this agreement Edwulf
allowed that he owed 25s. 8d. yearly for the farm of Holywell, as well
as the occasional payment of eight shillings for relief, merchet, or fine.
On two days in the autumn he was to find twenty-six reapers, who should
be given their dinner by Delaval as lord of the manor. His men were
obliged to do one fourth part of the repairs of Holywell mill, and to
give the thirteenth dish for multure ; Edwulf was himself excused from
the payment of multure on condition of giving the miller a meal on the
day that he ground his corn. He might not convert customary land
into demesne, wherebv the lord of the manor should lose the multure
and services of his tenants. If at any time there was too little water in
the Holywell burn to turn the mill, the tenants were to take their corn to
Seaton mill to be ground. On one day in the year, Edwulf had to plough
the demesne and customary land of Seaton Delaval. In consideration
of four marks then paid to Delaval, all other services were compounded
at an annual payment of one shilling.'

' PUcita de quo warranto, Record Com. p. 589. As Bernard de Baliol failed to make a return of his

fees at the inquisition of 1166, information is lacking as to the disposition of his fiefs. At the time that
this inquest was taken, Hugh fitz Roger was already dead.

- For evidence that pleas of the crown were held by Bishop Walcher when earl of Northumberland,
see Florence of Worcester, Ckronicon, English Historical Society vol. ii. pp. 14-15.

' The document has a curious history. It was discovered in 188S by Mr. John Robinson, among a
disordered mass of ofifice papers and family muniments in the office of the Hartley bottle-works, and was
presented by him, together with a large bundle of court rolls and other miscellaneous papers of the
si.xteenlh century, to the Newcastle Society of .Antiquaries. Unfortunately it was never printed and is
now missing, but Mr. C. J. Bates gave an abstract of it and pointed out its importance in his History of
Northumberland (1895), p. 131. Search among the Marquis of Waterford's MSS. at Ford castle has

Vol. IX. 10

74 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Edwulf, son of Robert, appears to have been succeeded in his holding
by Geoffrey, son of Edwulf. An agreement made on February I2th,
1226/7, in the king's court at Newcastle, between the said Geoffrey and
Ralph, son of William, and Aesia, daughter of Robert, provides for a
partition of four carucates between the parties. The two western carucates
were apportioned to Ralph and Aesia; the other two, which lay towards
the east, were given to Geoffrey in reversion upon the deaths of Margery,
widow of William, and Alice, widow of Robert. Here the carucates are
clearly seen to be definite tracts of land having fixed boundaries, and
not simply imaginary aggregates of scattered strips. Geoffrey's capital
messuage or dwelling-house lay in one of the two western carucates, of
which it formed part.'

bioufjlit to liglit a Uite fifteenth century transcript of the same deed, differing from the former in its
reading of the n.anie of the second party to the suit. Mr. Bates's abstract gives this as Edwulf son of
Robert, which is undoubtedly the true reading ; but tlie transcriber of the document at Ford, either from
carelessly reading Hiig'is for Rob'ti, or in a laudable attempt to bring the record up to date, wrote
A', ilomiiius Fitzhewe. He appears, however, to have given the total of rent payable correctly, namely,
25s. 8d., though his arithmetic is at fault in fixing the half-yearly payments at 17s. lod. and los. lod.
Mr. Bates's abstract gives the total at los., which cannot stand when compared with later records of the
same holding. Owing to the loss of the document found in the Hartley bottle-works it is impossible to
say whether this total of 10s. occurred in it. The Rev. William (ireenwell, to whom the deed was
submitted, pronounced it to be a copy made at a very early date, if not an original record of 1190.
Happily there seems to be no room for doubting its genuineness. A fifteenth century forger is not
likely to have been acquainted with the details of Pudsey's administration. In the following transcript
of the Ford document, emendations are given in italics.

Hec est finalis concordia in curia Eustachii BaiUol apud Woodhorn die Martis pro.ximo ante
pentecostem, anno regni regis Richardi secundo, coram Henrico de Puteaco, tunc justiciario Hugonis,
Uunelmensis episcopi et Northumbrie comitis, et Johanne filio suo, et Waltero filio Gilbarti et Rogero
de Eggleff et Edmundo de Seton et Nicholao de Heddon et aliis baronibus et fidelibus ibidem tunc
presentibus, inter Gilbertuni Delavall et Etiwulfum filiiiiii Roberti, quod dictus Eiiwiil/us filius Roberti
recognovit predicto quod debet viginti et quinque solidos et octo denarios de ferma de Hallywell per
annum, jacente et existente in parochia de Tynmought in comitatu Northumbrie et de barronia de Nigra
Callerton, dimidium ad festum Penthecoste, scilicet duodecim solidos et decem denarios, et alterum
dimidium ad festum sancti Cuthberti in mense Septembris, videlicet diwdecim solidos et decem
denarios, equis porcionibus, et octo solidos de relevio cum evenerit, et octo solidos de mercato cum
evenerit, et octo solidos de forisfactura cum evenerit. Et ipse, prediclus Edwiilfus filius Rubtrti, inveniet
predicto Gilberto duobus diebus in aulumpno ad metendum, utroque die viginti sex homines. Et ipse
Gilbartus pascet homines predictos in hiis duobus diebus semel in die. Et homines predicti Edunilfi
filii Rohcrti facient operationem molendini de Halleuell, scilicet quartam partem operacionis predicti
molendini ; et dabunt molturam suam de blado suo ad predictuin molendinuni, scilicet tertium decimum
vas. Et predictus Edictilfus filius Roberti molet ibidem omne bladum suum sine moltura, et in illo die
quo molet pascet niolendinarium. Et predictus Edwuljtis filius Ruberti non \ ertet teriam consuetudi-
nariam ad propriuni dominicum suum, unde predictus Gilbartus amiltat molturam suam vel predicta
servicia. Et si molendinum de Hallewell in estate pro defectu aque mollere non potuit, tunc homines
predicti Edwulfi filii Roberti molent, dabunt molturam, et facient predictuni operationem ad inolen-
ciinum aquaticum de Seton, sicut facere debent ad molendinum de Hallywell. Et predictus Edwulfiis
filius Roberti arabit una die terram predicti Gilbarti tarn de propriis carrucis quam de carrucis hominum
suorum ; et predictus Gilbartus pascet eos ilia die semel. Et predictus Gilbartus et heredes sui quiete
clamaverunt predictum Edwulfuin filium Roberti et heredes suos de omnibus aliis serviciis et consue-
tudinibus preter solidum servicii. Et pro hac quieta claraatione predictus Edwulfus filius Roberti dedit
predicto Gilbarto quatuor marcas argenti.

' Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia domini regis apud Novum Castrum super Tynam die Jovis
proxima post octabas purificationis beate Marie, anno regni regis Henrici filii regis Johannis undecimo,

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP. 75

Services and customs also formed the subject of an action brought
by Gilbert Delaval, in 1219, against Roger of Halliwell.' The latter was
probably the Roger, son of Uctred, who on November 20th, 1208, appeared
as partv to a fine levied in the king's court at Newcastle. Matilda of
Halliwell and her sister, Agnes, there acknowledged his right to four
carucates of land in Holywell, and received from him thirty and twenty-
four acres respectively. The furlongs or shots in which the various acres
lay are carefully enumerated. Agnes also obtained, in addition to the
twenty-four acres, a payment of si.K marks and a grant of the toft which
Alan the miller's son once held.'^ The recurrence of four carucates as a
holding tends to show that Holywell was at this time held in two equal
moieties.

etc., inter Gaufridum filium Edulfi petentem et Radulfum filium Willelmi tenentem de una carucata terre
cum pertinentiis in Haliwell, et inter eundem Gaufridum petentem et Aesiam filiam Roberti tenentem
de una carucata terre cum pertinentiis in eadem villa, et inter eundem Gaufridum petentem et predictos
Radulfum et Eysiam quos Margeria que fuit uxor Willelmi de Haliwell vocavit ad warantum et qui
ei warantizaverant, tenentes de una carucata terre cum pertinentiis in eadem villa, et inter eundem
Gaufridum petentem et predictos Radulfum et Aesiam quos Alicia que fuit uxor Roberti de Haliwell
vocavit ad warantum et qui ei warantizaverant, tenentes de una carucata terre cum pertinentiis in
eadem villa ; unde placitum fuit inter eosdem in eadem curia, scilicet quod predicti Radulfus et Aesia
recognoverunt totam predictam terram cum pertinentiis esse jus ipsius Gaufridi. Et pro hac recog-
nicione fine et concordia idem (iaufridus concessit predictis Radulfo et Aesie medietatem tocius predicte
terre cum pertinenciis, excepto capitali mesagio ad predictam terram pertinenti, quod eidem Gaufrido
remanet, ilia scilicet medietas que jacet usque versus occidentem, habendam et tenendam eisdem
Radulfo et Aesie et heredibus eorum de eodem Gaufrido et heredibus suis in perpetuum, faciendo inde
servicium quod ad eandem terram pertinet, ita tantum quod predicte Margeria et Alicia tenebunt
predictas duas carucatas terre cum peitinentiis in eadem villa toto tempore vite sue nomine dotis,
faciendo medietatem servicii quod ad eandem terram pertinet predictis Radulfo et Aesie, et aliam
medietatem predicto Galfrido. Et post mortem ipsarum Margerie et Alicie tota predicta medietas
predictarum carucatarum terre cum pertinentiis revertetur ad ipsum Gaufridum et heredes suos, tenenda
in dominico quiete de heredibus ipsarum Margerie et Alicie inperpetuum, ilia scilicet medietas que est
usque versus orientem, et alia medietas predictis Radulfo et Aesie et heredibus eorum, ilia scilicet
medietas que jacet versus occidentem. Et pro hac concessione idem Gaufridus dedit et concessit
eisdem Radulfo et Aesie in escambium predicti capitalis mesagii de quodam tofto quod est versus
occidentem in longitudine et latitudine ad quantitatem medietatis predicti mesagii, habendum et
tenendum eisdem Radulfo et Aesie et heredibus eorum simul cum medietate predicte terre per predictum
servicium sicut predictum est. Et hec concordia facta fuit presentibus predictis Margeria et Alicia et
cognoscentibus se nichil clamare in predictis duabus carucatis terre nisi ad vitam suam nomine dotis.
Feet of Fines, Hen. IH. No. 19. Duke of Northumberland's transcripts. For other instances of hides
or carucates with fixed boundaries see Vinogradoff", Growth of the Manor, p. 256, note 37.

' Pipe Rolls, ed. Hodgson, p. 120. The Curia Regis Rolls furnish no further details.

- Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia domini regis apud Novum Castrum super Tinam, die sancti
Edmundi, anno regni regis Johannis decimo, etc., inter Matildam de Haliwell et .A.gnetem sororem ejus
petentes ct Rogerum filium Uctred tenentem, de iiij'" carrucatis terre cum pertinentiis in Haliwell, unde
recognicio mortis antecessoris summonita fuit inter eos in prefata curia, scilicet quod predicte Matilda et
Agnes recognoverunt predictas iiij carrucatas terre cum pertinentiis esse jus ipsius Rogeri, et pro hac
recognicione et fine et concordia predictus Rogerus dedit et concessit eisdem Matilde et .\gneti
quinquaginta quatuor acras terre cum pertinentiis de eadem terra ; ita scilicet quod predicte Matilde
remanent xxx acras terre cum pertinentiis, qua) um vj sunt in cultura de Crosflat magis forinsece versus
orientem, et ij acre in cultura de Stullethomeflat, et ij acre in cultura de Holfordesid, et iiij'" acre in
cultura que dicitur Aftertheleches, et ij acre in cultura de Erdesduneswei et ij acre in cultura de Hetrigg,
et iiij acre in cultura de Moriknol, et iiij '"■ acre ui cultura de Fennes, et ij acre in cultura de Faules,
et ij acre in cultura de Langeleesflat ; et preterea unum toftum cum pertinentiis in Haliwell, scilicet illud

76 EARSDON CHAPELRV.

Roger was a benefactor of the Benedictine nunnery of St. Bartholomew
at Newcastle, to which he granted six acres of arable land in Holywell
as a provision for a light upon the altar of St. Mary.' These six acres,
namely, two in Wvthenes, one in Pipewith rigg towards Chesters, one in
Hethe-rigg, one in West Longge-leyes, and one near the road leading from
Seaton to Newcastle, were leased by the convent, together with a toft in
the village which Thoret the miller once held, to Roger of Backworth at
a rent of five shillings yearly.^

Another small endowment made to the nunnery comprised a toft and
fourteen acres. The whole was leased at Whitsuntide, 1233, by the prioress
and convent, to Gilbert of Halliwell, surnamed the key-bearer, for a term
of twenty years, in return for a yearly rent of 12s. 6d., of which sum
4s. 6d. was appropriated to the support of St. Mary's light. ^ A lease of
the fourteen acres made in 1320 to Robert of Halliwell, clerk, and Alice
his wife, for six shillings yearly rent, specifies the fourteen acres as lying,
three on the North Clavor towards the moor, one and a half by Salterford,
one at Erthesdun-leche, two on Papeworte rigge, one half at Rever-rokys,
three in the West Lang-leys, two at Goddes-buttes, besides three roods

toftum cum perlinentiis quod Wiot filius Mildrid tenuit, habendum et tenendum ipsi Matilda et
heredibus suis de predicto Rogero et heredibus suis, per liberum servicium unius libra cumini per annum
reddendum ad festum sancti Cuthberti in Septembri pro omni servicio ; et ita quod ipsi Agneti
remanent xxiiij acre terre cum pertinentiis de eadem terra, quarum ij acre sunt in cultura de Wednas, et
ij acre in cultura de Beneflat, et j acra in cultura da Stullethorn, et j acra in cultura da Muserlawe,
at j acra in cultura de Wolflawe, et j acra in cultura de Beracre, et j acra in cultura de Bakestapottes, et j
acra in cultura de Faules, et j acra in cultura de Codesbuttes, at vj acra in cultura de Crosflat, et j acra
in Esdunewei, et j acra in cultura de Leches, et j acra in cultura de Estarlongacre, et j acra in Farnisid',
et j acra in cultura de Papewordherigg', et j acra in cultura de Bakewordhemer', et j acra in cultura
de Leiflat ; habenda at tananda ipsi Agnati et filiis suis da Garmano presbitero at heredibus filiorum
illorum, de predicto Rogero et heredibus suis per liberum servicium unius libri cumini par annum
reddandi ad festum sancti Cuthberti in Septembre pro omni servicio. Et si forte contingerit quod
filii ipsius Agnetis da predicto Garmano haredes non habeant de se, predicte xxiiij" acra terre cum
pertinentiis que ipsi Agneti remanent, revertentur ad heredes ipsius ."Xgnatis, tananda de predicto Rogero
et heredibus suis par libarum servicium unius libri cumini per annum reddendi ad festum sancti
Cuthberti in Septembri pro omni servicio. Et preterea idem Rogarus dadit ipsi Agneti vj marcas
argenti. Et sciendum quod idem Rogerus dedit at concessit ipsi .Agneti illud toftum cum pertinentiis
in Haliwell quod Alanus filius molandinarii tenuit, habendum et tenendum sibi et filiis suis de Germano
presbitero at heredibus filiorum illorum si heredes habeant de se, et, si heradas non habeant de sa,
heredibus ipsius .A-gnatis, tenendum cum xxiiij acris terre cum pertinentiis que ipsi Agneti remanent
de predicto Rogero et heredibus suis per predictum servicium unius libri cumini reddendi per annum
pro omni servicio. Feet of Fines, John, No. 13. Duka of Northumberland's transcripts.

' Brand, Newcastle, vol. i. p. 211, citing deed in the .Augmentation Office. Stephen, chaplain of
Tynemouth, occurs among the witnesses.

'" Ibid. p. 207, note w. The deed, which remains in the Augmentation Office, is witnessed by
Thomas de Haliwell, Stephen da Heddun, John, son of Geoffrey, Peter de Haliwell, William, son of
Ralph, and Simon de Neusum.

" Madox, Fonnularc Anglicaiuim, p. 132, from deed in the .Augmentation Office. Roger de Barnaham
and Robert, son of Humphrey, were pledges for the prioress, and Geoffrey and Roger of Halliwell for
Gilbert. The deed is witnessed by Ralph, son of Jordan, Adam of Backworth, and Robert of Backworth.

HOLYWEI.L TOWNSHIP. "]-]

on Cup-leche and one rood at the Wodyland.' Such was the conservative
character of medieval land-tenure that the two little holdings retained
their distinctive names of the Ladv Light land and the Nuns' land until
long after the dissolution."

The field-names occurrinij in these earlv deeds are not without interest.
Wolf-law has survived in Wolfhill farm. Earsdon-way points to the road
south from Holywell, a section of the route from Tynemouth to Bedlington.
The road from Newcastle to Seaton Delaval cannot be positively identified,
but may denote a continuation of the king's highway which ran to Back-
worth. Probably it continued through Holywell, and proceeded north-
eastwards, past the Dairy House, to the south-west side of Seaton Delaval
hall, pursuing the same course as the modern footpath.' No stone cross
or earthen ramparts remain to show the position of Crossflat or the Chesters.
Salter's ford, however, is fixed beyond doubt by a sixteenth century bounder
of Hartley, as a ford across the Brierdene burn at Clark's houses, where
Holywell, Hartley, and Earsdon townships touch.*

Holywell fell within the group of cornage-paying townships, fifteen
pence being due every year to the lord of the barony of Bywell upon
St. Cuthbert's day.' That Hugh fitz Roger and his son, Gilbert Delaval,
held the township by military service is probable." Sir Eustace Delaval, son
and successor of Gilbert Delaval, was freed from service in consequence
of a marriage' — his wife, Christiana, was perhaps a member of the house of
Baliol ; but on his death his brother. Sir Henry Delaval, became charged

' Brand, Newcastle, vo\. i. p. 215, note t, from the original deed in the Augmentation Office; seal,
a ship ; s. GERVASII fil' NlGELLl. In the same repository is a lease, made in 133S by the prioress and
convent to Robert, son of Walter Truket of Halliwell, of a messuage in the same place. Ibid. p. 216,
note V.

^ 'The ferme of the Lady Light land, purchased by Thomas Bates as it is said, xjs. The fernie of
certayne ridges called Novvne-land, 3s. 4d.' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ; early seventeenth
century survey of Tynemouthshire under Halliwell. Compare list of fee farm rents, parcel of the
possessions of the priory of St. Bartholomew, quoted by Brand, Newcastle, vol. i. p. 232, note a.

' This road is perhaps the Castle-vvay mentioned in an order of the manorial court made in 1475,
that no tenant of Holywell should keep a horse untethered in Castle-way or should keep more than one
horse tethered there. Seaton Delaval Court Rolls.

'See below under Hartley. In 1561 the constables of Holywell presented Edward Taylor for not
building his part of the pound fold, and for not making dikes at Salter's ford. Ibid.

^ Inq. p.m. 27 Edw. III. No. 67. Although the extent here quoted was taken as late as 1353,
cornage-rent was certainly not a new imposition. In a list of townships owing cornage and castle ward
to the barony of Bywell, drawn up in 1608, Holywell is entered for 4s. 8d. See vol. vi. of this work, p. 85.

" In 1219 Gilbert Delaval was made liable for ten marks, part of a debt to the Crown of two hundred
pounds incurred by Hugh de Baliol upon his thirty knights' f'ees. Pipe Rolls, ed. Hodgson, p. 120. Ten
marks is the proper proportion for a single fee.

' Testa de Nevil, Record Com. p. 388 ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pi. iii. vol. i. p. 220; inquest of 1240.

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

with the service of one knight's fee.' Christiana Delaval survived her
husband. She received dower upon engaging not to marry again without
the king's licence, an unlikely event in view of her age and infirmity.^ The
Delaval interest in Holywell then included a yearly rent of thirty shillings
from Thomas of Halliwell, and 14s. 4d. from John, son of Geoffrey.'

A population of some size inhabited this village, as appears from the
earlier subsidy rolls.

Halliwell Subsidy Roll, 1296.'

s. d.

Summa bono

rum

Robeiti clerici

unde

regi

4 0

))

Hugonis de Inyhow ...

> 7i

»>

Johaiinis filii Robert! ...

I 9

Robert! fili! Walter! ...

»»

2 oi

»»

Thome God!bur

> 7*

Probatur summa hujus villa, £6 is. 4d. ; unde domino regi, lis. oid.

Halliwell Subsidy Roll, 1312.'

d. s. d.

Summa bonorun

Hugonis de Ingow

4 unde regi 3 iij

)»

Cristiane de Hertelaue

0 „ 10

»)

VVillelmi filii Gilbert!

1 1

4 „ 3 1*

))

Ade filii Thome

0 „ 10

Eustaci! filii Roger!

4 M I 7i

»»

.\rnaldi de Haliwell ...

6 „ 3 4i

Thome de Ingow

- 11 3 'A

Simonis filii Walter!

4 n 3 9

»i

WillelmiVesy

4 „ 30*

Radulphi filii Radulphi

S „ 28

Ade Mauson

6 „ 4 oi

Robert! clerici

0 „ 56

Johannis filii Radulphi

S „ 3 5i

Johannis filii Robert!

10 „ 2 ii|

Reginald! de Haliwell

2 „ 2 8A

))

Simonis Brasse

8 „ 3 9i

Robert! filii Walter!

4 „ 3 64

Thome Godibure

8 „ 2 iiA

Summa summarum particularum, ^27 15s. lod.

unde regi, 55s. 7A. Probatur.

' Cal. Inquisitions, vol. i. p. 252.

- Cum Eustachius de la Val, qui de rege tenuit in capite, diem clausit exlremum, et Cristiana relicta
ejusdem adeo senex sit et debilis quod ad regem laborare nequit sicut rex intellexit, mandatum est
Ricardo de Shireburn, escaetori regis ultra Trentam, quod si terrae quae fuerunt ejusdem Eustachi! sint
in manu regis occasione mortis sue, accepta securatione a predicta Cristiana quod non maritabit se sine
licencia regis, eidem rationaliilem dotem suam de terris predictis in manu regis existentibus de quibus
predictus Eustachius fuit seisitus in dominico suo ut de feodo, etc. T. R. ap. Westm. xv die Mart.
Close Rolls, 42 Hen. III. ni. 9. Duke of Northumberland's transcripts.

•' Inq. p.m. C. Hen. III. file 21, No. 8 ; Curia Regis Rolls, No. 165. ' Lay Subsidy Rolls, ^^.

^ Ibid. i,^s. Fewer names occur in the roll of 1336 {ibid, ^i-) : Alicia, uxor Walter!, 8s. ; Robertus
Vescy, 4s. ; Rogerus de Haliwell, 3s. 4d. ; Willelmus de Hedley, 2s. Summa, 17s. 4d.

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP. 79

In 1296 Holywell was found to be divided into four holdings. John
the chaplain paid two marks rent ; John, son of Robert the clerk, and
Germanus of Halliwell each paid 2s. 6d. ; Simon Bras paid five shillings.'
It will be convenient to pursue the history of these holdings separately.

John the chaplain was possessed of half the township. Before 131 1
his lands had passed to Geoffrey le Scrope and Juliana his wife, who held
by homage, fealty, suit of court, and the payment of two marks rent above
mentioned. Suit and multure were owed to Seaton mill. Minor services
were, making the mill pond and carting millstones and timber, estimated
at one shilling ; the loan of a plough on one day in the spring, worth four-
pence ; and reaping on one day in autumn with fifty-two men, valued at
one mark.^ The close parallelism existing between these services and those
rendered by Edwulf, son of Robert, in 11 90 shows that they were due for
one and the same holding.' Geofl'rey le Scrope, or at least his son, also
held eighty acres in the other half of the manor, by the service of reaping
for one day in autumn with seven labourers.'' His income from the
moiety of Holvvvell, according to a return made in 1341, was as follows:

Site of a manor house ... ... ...

40 acres of arable demesne ... ... ...

5 acres of meadow demesne ... ... ...

Rents of bonds («a<iV;)
Rents of tenants at will

Total Is 13 4'

Sir Geofl'rey le Scrope" obtained a further interest in the county in
131 1, when he received from John de Clavering a grant in fee of the manor

' Inq. p.m. 25 Edw. I. No. 47. " /"(;. p.m. 5 Edw. 11. No. 70.

' The rent corresponds in both cases, as does the total number of day-works. An inquisition taken
in 1363 gives fifty-two day-works for the Scrope moiety and forty-nine due for the rest of the township.
The four carucates of 1 190 find their parallel in the sixteen husbandlands or virgates of 1452.

' Inq. p.m. 27 Edw. III. No. 67. ^ Inq. p.m. 14 Edw. IH. pars i, No. 35.

" A mass of information bearing upon the Scrope family is gathered together in the record of
proceedings in a cause of arms between Richard le Scrope and Robert Grosvenor, heard in 1389, printed
from tlie Chancery Miscellaneous Rolls, bundle 10, Nos. 2 and 3. by Sir Nicholas H. Nicolas, as
Script- and Grosvenor Rolls. For Sir Geoffrey le Scrope see particularly the deposition of Sir William
de .^cton, gi\en ibid. vol. i. pp. 143-143. The editor has given a full account of the Scropes of Mashani,
together with a pedigree of the family, in vol. ii. pp. 93-158. Amongst other accounts of the Scrope
fainily, special mention may be made of Thoroton, Nottinghamshire, p. 346, where a Scrope chartulary is
cited, the property of .Sir Robert Cotton in 1609, and of Lord William Howard, 161 5 ; also Hodgson,
Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. i. pp. 371-373, for the Scrope connexion with Whalton. Biographies of
Sir Geoffrey le Scrope and of the first and third Lord Scrope of Masham are given in the Dictionary oj
National Biography.

[

]

8o EARSDON CHAPELRY.

and barony of Whalton.' A lawyer, soldier, and diplomatist of note, he
was in 1324 appointed chief justice of the King's Bench. His son and heir.
Sir Henry le Scrope, was in 1350 summoned to parliament as a baron (the
title of Lord Scrope of Masham being given to him and his issue by way
of distinction from the Scropes of Bolton, who represented the elder line),
was steward of the king's household, and also filled the important posts of
governor of Calais and Guisnes in 1360, and warden of the marches in 1370.
His great-grandson Henry, third Lord Scrope of Masham, lord treasurer
and knight of the garter, was one of the three conspirators in the infamous
Southampton plot of 141 5, whereby he lost his life and estates. His moiety
of Holywell was at that time returned as worth two pounds yearly and
no more, by reason of the barrenness and poverty of the land.^

In 1423 the forfeited lands were restored to the traitor's brother, Sir
John le Scrope, in whose person the barony was revived.' The fourth
Lord Scrope sold his Northumbrian and Yorkshire estates in 1443 for
_2^2,ooo to his kinsman and neighbour, William Fitzhugh, fourth Lord Fitz-
hugh of Ravenswath.^ A survey of Holywell, taken in 1452 at the death
of the new owner, enumerates a free rent of four pence yearly from William
Foxneys and his heirs, tenants of a messuage and husbandland ; two
messuages each worth eleven pence yearly, five cottages each worth four
pence yearly, three tofts that were of no value as being wholly laid
waste ; and fifteen husbandlands each worth yearly two shillings.'^ There
were thus si.xteen husbandlands, and the same number is suggested bv the
rent of sixty-four shillings paid in 1340 by tenants at will, though the rent
of each holding must, on that supposition, have been reduced by half in
the course of a century. The customary tenants, already a recognised
class in 1340, had maintained their position, but the demesne lands had
been abandoned. Intimately connected with this last charge is the dis-
appearance of the bonds or serfs, holding by precarious tenure, upon whom
the profitable working of the demesne had so largely depended.

George Fitzhugh, seventh and last Lord Fitzhugh of Ravenswath, died
an infant in 15 12, and his estates were divided between his two aunts,
Elizabeth, wife of Sir William Parr of Kendal castle, and Alice, wife

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1307-1313, p. 401. '" Iiiq. ad quod daniiitiin, 7 Hen. \'. No. 6 b (old numeration).

■' Scrope and Grosvi'iwr Rolls, vol. ii. p. 149 ; Chancery Miscellanea, bundle 7, No. I.
' Feet 0/ Fines, 21 Hen. VI. No. 266, ' Inij. p.m. 31 Hen. VI. No. 43.

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP. 8 I

of Sir John Fynes of Hurst-Monceaux.' Besides a moiety of Holywell
and the vScrope lands in Little Benton, the Fitzhugh inheritance in North-
umberland comprised some farms in Longhirst, Oldmoor, Morvvick, East
Chevington and Reveley. Equal shares in the whole eventually came to
William Parr, marquis of Northampton, and to Gregory Fynes, Lord Dacre
of the South, as representatives of the Fitzhugh heiresses. Northampton
was attainted in 1553 for his support of Lady Jane Grey ; his estates were
confiscated to the Crown and were leased to Thomas Bates of Morpeth,
queen's surveyor for the county, who in 1568 acquired the other half of
the Fitzhugh lands in fee simple from Lord Dacre."

The second moiety of Holywell was, in the thirteenth century, divided
between three tenants, whose holdings were estimated respectively at one-
fourth, one-eighth, and one-eighth of the whole manor. The larger holding,
occupied in 1297 by Simon Bras, was held in 131 1 by Robert de Vesci
at a rent of five shillings, by homage and fealty, suit to the court of Seaton
Delaval, and services to Seaton mill, estimated at sixpence yearly.^ An
extent taken in 1353 mentions an additional service, valued at 4s. gd.,
namely, reaping for one day in autumn with nineteen labourers.''

Similar services were performed for the remaining quarter of the town-
ship, twenty-three labourers being supplied for harvest work in place of
nineteen. A quarrel between William de Halliwell, the tenant, and
William de Whitchester, the lord of the manor, led to a re-statement of
services in a deed dated October 14th, 14 14. The yearly rent was then
fixed at ten shillings, and the agricultural labour at thirty-nine day-works
in August, when the labourers were to receive food from the lord of the
manor. William de Halliwell agreed to grind his corn at Holywell mill,
giving the sixteenth dish for multure, but was allowed the use of hand-
mills or querns for grinding barley. Whitchester gave bond to pay four
marks for all damage committed upon his tenant's property, and William
de Halliwell, on his part, undertook to stay all suits in Chancery against
his lord.'^

William de Halliwell held, in addition to his property in Holywell,
certain lands in Tynemouth, Preston, and Chirton, sold by him in 1407- 1408

'See pedigree of Fitzhugh in Whitaker, Richmondshin', vol. i. p. 124; and Harrison, Yorkshire,
vol. i. pp. 136-137 ; also vol. v. of this work, pp. 353-355.

= Feet of Fines, 10 Eliz. Easter and Trinity. ' Inq. p.m. 5 Edw. H. No. 70.

' Inq. p.m. 27 Edw. III. No. 67. ' Close Rolls, 3 Hen. V. m. 25 d.

Vol. IX. "

82 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

to Robert Hornsee of North Shields.' He was further seised of several
houses in Newcastle. By deed dated August 20th, 1424, he and his wife,
Agnes, conveyed a house in Westgate, subject to a perpetual rent-charge,
to John Horsley, the progenitor of the later Delavals." His lands in Holy-
well passed to John Carr of Hetton, whom his widow sued in 1435- 1436
for a third part of the profits of this estate as dower from her late husband.'
Carr's descendants still owned property in Holywell in 1560.^

Half a mark rent was paid out of Holywell in 1292 to the prior and
convent of Tynemouth, and at the dissolution that corporation was in receipt
of eight shillings rent, paid vearly out of a copyhold tenement in the tenure
of John Wigham.' This farmhold was granted by the Crown, on July 23rd,
1554, to Thomas Reve and Giles Isham, to hold in free socage.'^

The free rents of Holywell, payable to the lord of the manor, formed
the subject of a dispute between Sir John Delaval of Seaton Delaval and
Sir Philip Dacre of Morpeth, in the time of Henry. VHI. John Delaval
of Seaton Delaval died on February 4th, 1497/8, leaving a son, George
Delaval, and a widow, Anne Delaval, who married, secondly, Thomas
Hopton of Mirfield in Yorkshire, and thirdly. Sir Philip Dacre. George
Delaval died under age on March 15th, 1513/4, and was succeeded by his
younger brother, John Delaval. Anne Delaval had obtained the wardship
of her two sons, but, upon her third marriage, ' Ser Phylyp Dacker dyd
not onlv tavke owt of the great chamber at Seton Delavall the letters
pattenes and other avvdences wherby the wardship was gotten, but also
sent the same to the Lord Dacker, his brother.'" Thomas, Lord Dacre

' See vol. viii. of this woik, p. 254, note i.

- Hec indentuia facta inter Willelnium Haliwell et Agnetem uxorem ejus ex parte una, et Johannem
Horsley ex altera parte, testatur quod predicti Willelmus et Agnes concesserunt et ad feodi firmani
dimiserunt Jolianni Horsley predicto, pio bono consilio suo prefatis Willelmo et Agneti et Willelmo
filio et heredi predictorum Willelmi et Agnetis, etc., unum mesuagium cum gardino adjacente in
Westgate in villa Novi Castri super Tynam, quod quidem mesuagium quidam Johannes Slyngsby nuper
tenuit, habendum et tenendum, etc., reddendo inde annuatim prefatis Willelmo Haliwell patri et Agneti
uxori ejus, heredibus, etc., se,\ solidos et octo denarios, etc. Hiis testibus, Rogero Thornton, tunc
maiore ville Novi Castri super Tynam, Johanne Jay, tunc vicecomite ejusdem ville, Johanne Wall,
Roberto Svvynburn, Thoma Chirden, et aliis. Apud villam Novi Castri super Tynam, vicesimo die
August!, anno regni regis Henrici sexti post conquestum secundo. Marquis of Waterford's MSS. In
1433, Agnes, widow of William Halliwell, sold sixteen messuages and gardens in Newcastle for a
hundred maiks to John Horsley. Fed of Fines, 12 Hen. VI. No. 3.

^ Carr, History of the Family oj Carr, vol. ii. p. 15. ' /'"''. vol. iii. p. 16.

' Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. ii. p. Ixxxv ; vol. i. p. 223. In 1556 the jurors presented that John Wigham
of Holywell had occupied a selion and two butts of land for the space of twenty years, paying for the
same, as well as for one small toft, ten pence yearly to the church of Earsdon. Seaton Delaval Court Rolls.

^ Pat. Rolls, 2 Mary, pt. i.

''Artyckles wherupon to frame ane awnswer to the byll of complaynt of Wylliam, lord Dacker.'
Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

HOLVWKl.I. TOWNSHIP. 83

of the North, was then lord warden of the marches, and used his inlhience
with the Privy Council to obtain a fresh grant to himself of the wardship of
the young John Delaval. This was made to him on June 28th, 15 18.'

Sir Philip Dacre further made refusal to pay the fee farm rent from
Holywell of £1 15s. lod. Delaval distrained upon his step-father, 'by
reasonne wherof greate commotions and unlawfull busines was like to have
bene had and ensewid.' For the avoidance of such results the two parties
submitted to the arbitration of Sir William Ogle of Cockle tower, Sir
Cuthbert Radcliff of Dilston, Christopher Mitford of Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
and John Beadnell of Lemington. The arbitrators made examination of
the complaints, and hearing 'by the confessione of the said Sir Philip that
the occasion and cause of none-payment and lackes of the said rentes were
reteined by the said Sir Philip for none other cause but that he had maried
the moder of the said Sir John, and he thought he myghte be bolde too
reteigne the said rentes for suche favoure and luf as was betwixt them, and
withoute any other cause of title,' gave their award on March 7th, 1532/3.
They ordered that Dacre should deliver to Delaval a lease for twelve years
of the whole tithe-corn of Dalton, Walbottle and Woolsington, and of the
half tithe-corn of Dissington, in recompense of arrears ; that Delaval should
give the said rents in Holywell to Dacre for twelve years in fee, and that,
on the expiration of that term, Dacre should pay the accustomed rent and
do his duty to Delaval as head lord of Holywell.'

The court rolls of Seaton Delaval give ample evidence of the juris-
diction of that court over Holywell.

1482- 1483. Pain that they of Holywell should not cast turves on the nionr without licence, as also
that the neighbours of Holywell should not mow the common pasture where the lord of Seaton's cattle
were used to be driven to the water.

1519. Pain for Holywell, that no one keep any beast beyond tlic existing agistment ; penalty for
every beast, 2od. to the lord ; for a horse, 3s. 4d. ; for a sheep, I2d.

1521. Death presented of John Carr, seised of land in Holywell, and that John Carr is his son and
heir, aged twenty-one years.

1536. It is ordered that all the cattle or animals of Holywell shall feed and pasture together
according to their kind, namely, all the sheep together, the oxen together, and so with the rest, and all
kinds of animals according to their kind.

1546. 'We present at the ayirs of Fitzhewe is desessid and doyth no suit to ye sad lord as custum
hayth beyn afor-tyme, and payd to ye lord five nowbylls and 2s. 3d. ; and at Thomas Gibson, of ye
age of thre scor yeres is sessed ye saym.'

' Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII. vol. ii. p. 1323.

'" 'An agreement betwixt Sir Philipp Dacre and Sir John Delavale' ; Marquis of Waterford's .MSS.

^4 EARSDON CHAPEIRY.

1548. The jury present that the Lord Fitzhugh, John Carr, and John Unthanke are to make suit
and service at the times when they shall be called ; and, for default of suit and service, every time to pay
to the lord of Seaton eight shillings ; and the tenants of the said Fitzhugh, Carr, and Unthanke to
pay the said eight shillings in their names.

1571. 'It is ordered that the tenants of Hollewell shall not take no other sterkes in gest but
onlye ther owne ; but wher they want sterkes to take ane olde beast for the slercke, upon payne of I2d.'

1580. The jurors of Holywell present Thomas Mattland for not sufficiently repairing his part of
the march-dyke, and for not keeping an able and sufficient horse for serving the queen and the lord
of the manor-court, according to a pain anciently laid down.

1588. Pain laid down ' that the tenants of the southe side of Hallywell shall beare there part with
the tennants of the northe side touchinge the reparinge of the gaite at John Reed's hows end, because
they have none in any other place, sub pena I2d.'

1592. ' It is ordered that non of th' inhabitants in Halliwcll nor elsewhere within the lordship shall
hunt in the lord's demayne or bringe any greyhound within the same without license, sub pena 6s. 8d.'

Provision was made for watch and ward. The prior's banks, a locality
probably to be found near the village of Holywell, where the main road
crosses the Seaton burn, were watched nightly by two of the inhabitants
of Seaton Delaval, Newsham and Holywell.' The tenants were obliged,
by order of the lord of the manor, to keep horse and armour and be in
readiness to serve their sovereign in the field ; but how inadequate was the
sanction provided in the petty fines of the manorial court is shown by the
following instructive entry upon the Seaton Delaval rolls.

1582. Memorandum that yt was inquired by the stewerd of this court this vij of Mali, anno Eliz.
regine xxiiij, of Mathew Ladley and Thomas Matland of Hallywell whether x' were to grevouse
atnercyament to paie for defalt of not keping ane able horse and furnyture, etc. ; but they wold mak no
aunswere thereto, but onelie that yt was lawfuU for the lord of the manor of Seaton D[elaval] to make
the amerciament at his pleasure. And the lyke question being demaunded of John Hall ane freholder
there in Hallywell, and of John Read ane inhabitant there and tenant, and th'eires of one James Balye
also a freholder there, they aunswered that yf they wold be excused at the lord's hand of the said
mannor for the payment of x' amercyament for there defalt in not keping able horse and furnytur, etc.,
they wold not be at charges with the keping of a good horse for her majesty's service, but had rather
paie the x" then kepe able horse.

An opportunity for the employment of this local militia was given
in 1570 by the rebellion of the northern earls. Thomas Bates, the principal
landowner in Holywell, was among the rebels, acting as intermediary
between the earl of Northumberland and Leonard Dacre, and putting his
services as an interpreter at the earl's disposal in interviews with the Spanish
ambassador.' In February, 1570, when the rising was over, Bates was
arrested^ and brought to London, where he was examined, and on March
14th made the following confession :*

' Nicolson, Leges Marcliiarum, p. 291. - Hiitfivlii MSS. Hist. MSS. Com. vol. i. pp. 460, 468.

^ Cal. State Papers, Domestic, Addenda, 1566-1579, p. 221.
' State Papers, Domestic, Eliz. vol. Ixvii. No. 21 a.

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP. 85

To the first article he saieth that he sent 110 niony to the earle of Northumberland nor to the
countese, his wif, scnce the tyme of the rebelhon, but saieth that at the tyme the carle laic at IScamyche
about tenne dales afore the rebellion, he lyingc their was commaunded to cause such mony as was dewe
for his Whitsondaie rentes to be sent him, which this saied Battes did, and willed by commaundement
about the some of fower skore and tenne poundes to be sent him, which was sent as he thincketh.

To the second he saieth that he gave commaundement to George Medcalf, the carle's receiver,
eyther to sc the same mony delyvered or sent unto him.

To the rest of the said articles, he doeth vttcrlie deny that he was not previe to the scndingc of any
mony by any means otlier then abovcsaid, savinge that he saieth the commaundement given to him
was openlic given before the carle's auditor, whose name is Roberte Heighington. And more he cane
not sale.

Though arraigned at Westminster of high treason on April 6th,' the
evidence against him did not apparently justify further proceedings. He
was remanded to the Tower, where he remained for over three years.
On June 28th, 1573, orders were given to the lieutenant of the Tower to
deliver Bates upon bond of good behaviour, and that he should appear
before the Privy Council on October yth,'' and on January 20th following
he received a royal pardon.^ A survey of rebels' estates, taken in 1570
by Hall and Homberstone, the queen's commissioners, give the following
particulars in regard to Thomas Bates's land in Holywell.

Hali.ywell, 1570.

L s. d.

By lease dated October 13th, 1568, for 31 years ... 268

„ „ April loth, 1564, for 17 years ... 200

Held at the lord's will 268

Os^vald Percson

I tenement

Matthew Ladley

* 11

Thomas Matley

* 11

Edward Taylor

I )5

John Wiggon

I 11

6 8
o o

All the tenants of the township hold amongst them a parcel of meadow for hay for their
animals, held at the lord's will

10 3 4
Charges upon the estate, £2 iSs. Sd. rent to the queen for lands late of Lord Parr, now in the tenure
of Ladley, Matley, and Taylor, and £2 2s. Sd. rent to John Ualam [i.e. Delavalj.'

' Cal. State Papers, Domestic, 1547-15S0, p. 368.

' Acts and Ordinances of the Privy Council, 1571-1575, p. 120.

■' Pat. Rolls, 16 Eliz. pt. 4. See also Sir Cuthbert Sharpe's account of Thomas Bales in Memurials of
the Rebellion, 1 569, pp. 360-363.

' Thomas Bates also held at this time (i) five tenements held by lease, two tenements held at the
lord's will, and a windmill in Milburne, of the yearly rent of £9 8s. ; (2) half of the manor of Little
Benton, leased to John Swinburne for £2 13s. 4d. yearly ; (3) three tenements and half a husbandland m
Longhirst, held at the lord's will for £1 6s. 8d. yearly ; (4) one freehold tenement held by Lord Ogle,
and two tenements and three husbandlands held at the lord's will, in Oldmoor, at a yearly rent of
^l 2s. 2id. ; (5) three tenements and two cottages in East Chevington held at the lords will at £2 5s.
yearly; (6) two tenements and one cottage in Morwick, held at the lord's will for £1 13s. 4d. yearly; and
(7) a capital tenement in Morpeth, held by Thomas Bates in his own hands and worth to be let at
^1 13s. 4d. Exchequer K. R. Misc. Books, vol. 38, pp. 257-259. The Seaton Uelaval court rolls show that
there was at this time a sixth husbandrv holding in Holywell, occupied by William Bayhftc and after-
wards by John Reed, which was allowed to fall vacant in 1589, and that the remaining five holdings
were abolished between the years 1595 and 1599. In the Earsdon church books Holywell was rated at
6J farms.

EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

BATES OF HALLIWELL.
TABLE I.

Arms : SabU, a /ess gn^raiUd betiaeen three dexter hands couped at the wrist bendways
argent. Dugdale's Visitation of Northumberland^ 1666.

William Bates of Bedlington (/<), collector = [daughter and heiress of

of the bishop of Durham in Bedhngtonshire John de IS'edirton of East Sleek-

circa 1394 (jr). burn] (Jt).

Wilham Bates of Bedlington, born rirca 1401 ; who, before
24th July, 1449, built :i house, without licence, on the Bishop's
waste within the vill of Bedlington ; was 60 years of age, 14th
October, 1461, when he was found to be kinsman and heir of
John Vaux of Choppington, who died 22nd April, 1461,
'videlicet filius Willelmi Baites, filii Johannis Nedirton fratris
Willelmi Nedirton patris Richardi de Chopyngton patris
Johannis \'aux jiatris Johannis \^iux defimcli ; ' died tjtca
1495 ; Jnq. p.m. taken 28th July, 1495 (Durham Records,
Inq. p.m. portfolio 166, No. 49; ilnd. Inq. p.m. portfolio i6g,
No. 27) (/<).

Agnes de Furth,
married before
gth February,
1420/1, when
her mother,
Margaret de
Furth of North
Seton, granted
her a burgage
in Newbig-
ging (?)•

James Bates of Bedlington, son and heir (;c), born = Cecily, mar-

i/'ra 1435 ; had livery of tenements in Bedlington ; ried before

and Newbigging, 20th July, 1463 (x) ; was 60 : 20th July,

years of age at the taking of his father's inqui- \ 1463 (x).

sition (Ji) ; had encroached on the bishop's lands '•

at Kirkley, 1495 {b). \

George Bates, in 1476 bailiff and collector of

Bedhngtonshire (s).
John Bates, who, in i486, had lands at Norton,

CO. Durham {s).
William Bates, had lands in Bedlington ; died

circa 1507 {f).

Thomas Bates (r) of Ovington chantry land, etc., in = Jane, daughter of Robert Cresswell and heiress of Jane, his wife,

1526, of Ovington-hall, 1525-1537 (*) ; died circa

1544

who was daughter and coheiress of Edward Conyers of Kirk-
leatham, co. York (r) (.v).

I
Thomas Bates (/;) of Bedlington, son and heir of Thomas Bates =
of Ovington-hall (.t), born circa 1525 ; purchased Milburn in
1552, and Halliwell in 1568; M.P. for Morpeth, 1554-1558;
distinguished himself in battle against the Scots on 13th
October, 1557, for which he received from Queen Mary a
letter of thanks dated 27th November, 1557; supervisor of
the Crown lands in Northumberland in 1561 ; chief steward
of the barony of Alnwick, 1567 ; imprisoned in the Tower of
London, 1570-1573; settled his estates by deed, 1st Novem-
ber, 1584 (/) ; died s.p. at Prudhoe castle, 31st August, 1587.

Isabel , dead

before 29th May,
1590(0.

William Bates, slain at = Margery

the siege of Leith in
1560 (;•).

Holland

Eleanor, daughter and heir, married William Fen-
wick of Blagdon, parish of Stannington (r),
who, from his wife's uncle, Thomas Bates,
obtained a lease of the rectory of Whalton,
17th June, 15S7 (;).

Robert Bates of North Seaton (Ji), succeeded to Milburn and Halliwell under the deed of — ,
entail made 1st November, 1584; died at North Seaton (f), 17th October, 1592;
Inq. p.m. taken at Morpeth, 26th April, 1593 (f).

Anthony Bates, drowned
in the Wansbeck in

1560 (O-

Cuthbert Bates (//) of Halli-
well. was 26 years of age at
the time of his father's death
(/) ; died 2nd February
(k). buried 4th February,
1602/3 («) ; will dated 23rd
January, 1601/2 (c) ; Inq.
p.m. taken at Morpeth, nth
September, 1605 (;<).

= Elizabeth, daughter of John Ogle
^ of Bebside (/;) ; married,

I I

(<-)

\T ) ui ucusiue yn } \ mairieu,
secondly, August iSth, 1608 (r/),
Thomas Smelt of Gray's Inn
(jj) ; had three farmholds in
Milburn assigned her for dowry,
20th September, 1618 (.r) ; liv-
■"" at Newcastle, loth March,

ing

1639/40 iv)

Thomas Bates of Gloucester-hall, Oxon. ; matricu-
lated 4th March, 1585/6 (.?) ; [stated to have
married Margaret, widow of Robert Spearman
of Preston, and daughter of Thomas Brown of
Tynemouth] ; succeeded to lands in South
Milburn and Bedlington under deed of entail
made 18th October, 1588 (f) ; died s.p.

George Bates (/).

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP.

Thomas Bates of Halliwell (/j), stated
to have been aged 10 years and 10
days, 2nd February, 1602/3, the day
of his father's death (h) ; Innied 7th
December, 1638 (a) ; administration
of his personal estate, 22nd January,
'638/9, to his widow Dorothy ; Ing.
p.m. taken at Newcastle, loth
March, 1639/40 («/).

Dorothy, dau.
of Mark Er-
rintjlon of
P o n t e 1 a n il
{/;) ; buried
1 8th P"ebru-
ary, 1663/4,
in Earsdon
quire (a).

John Bates, buried nth
August, 1599 (a).

Ciithbert Bates, captain
in a foot regiment
under the marquis
of Newcastle ; died
unmarried at the
siege of York, 1644

I I I
Isabella (c), married Martin Penwick

of the family of Fenwick of Brinck-

ley (/S).
Dorothy (c), married 14th Dec, 1610.

Adam Middleton ( y) of the family

of Middleton of Silksworth (//).
Catherine (c), married George Bind-

loss of Newcastle (/;).
Margaret, died in her father's lifetime (c).

I
Ralph Bates of Halliwell,* bap-
tised 2gth August. 1613 (fl)
(/) ; in 1663 rated for Hal-
liwell, Milburn and West
Hartford ; entered his pedi-
gree at the Herald's Visita-
tion, 25th August, 1666, being
then 53 ye:irs of age (/;) ;
buried in Earsdon chancel,
nth March, 1690/1 («).

Margaret, daugh-
ter of Thomas
Chaytor of
Butterby, co.
Durham (/;) ;
buried in Ears-
don chancel,
24lh February,
1685/6 CO-

I i I

Thomas Bates of New-
castle (//), bajHised 3rd
November, 1616 («).
4-

John, buried 22nd Janu-
ary, 1638 (a).

Zorobabel, baptised I2th
September, 1626 (a) ;
buried 13th December,
1638 (a).

M I I I I
Margaret, married William Watson of

Bedlington (^).
Isabel, baptised i6th July, 1615 (a).
Mary, baptised 27th December, 1620

(a) ; buried 14th March, 1 630/ 1 (a).
Barbara, baptised 30th December,

1622 (a) ; buried 6th September,

1623 (a).

Isabel (//), bapt. 28th October, 1627 (a).
Catherine (K), bapt. 17th May, 1629 (a).

Thomas, bapt. Margaret, daughter of Robert Bewick

5th January, of Close-house; bond of marriage,

1643/4 (a) ; i6th May, 1677 ; married at Heddon-

buried 27th on - the- VVall, 29th May, 1677 (/) ;

May, 1644 buried in St. Nicholas's, Newcastle,

(a). 14th January, 1680/1 (a).

Ralph Bates (/;) of Halliwell,* bap-
tised l6th February, 1646/7 (a) ;
was drowned in the river Tyne,
22nd July, 1695 (7O, and was
buried in St. John's on the fol-
lowing day (rf).

Thomas Bates of Halliwell, born 15th.
baptised 23rd May, 1678 (a) (/) ;
died 19th June, 1734; buried under
the Communion Table at St. Mar-
garet's, Westminster (/") ; will dated
19th June, 1731-

^ Elizabeth,daughter of George
Whinfield of Newcastle,
married i8lh November,
1703 ((■/) ; she married,
secondly, 4lh August. 1740,
Richard Lloyd ()) (/).

Ralph Bates, born 4th,
bapt. l8th March,
1678/9 (a) (/);
buried in Earsdon
church, ^Ist M.ay,
1683 (a) (/).

Ann, widow of John
Hedworth of Har-
raton, and dau.
of William James
of Washington, co.
Durham, married
at Chester-le-Street
3lstJuly,i683C/);
she remarried, circa
1707, John Shafto
of Little Baving-
ton ; settlement
made before her 3rd
marriage, 28th Oc-
tober, 1707.

I
Mark Bates, bapt. =
at Tynemouth 5th
May, 1653 ; was
13 years of age in
1666 (Ji) ; died at
Halliwell ; buried
in Earsdon chan-
cel, 23rd August,
1708 (a).

; Eleanor
Pye of
Morpeth
(.0.

I
Andrew Bates <Ji), born St. ^ .^nne, dau.
Andrew's Day, baptised 14th { of Matthew

December, l6;5 (a) ; educated ; Whitfield of

at Bury St. Edmunds and at j Whitfield,

St. John's College, Cambridge; ! married 1 8th

matriculated 23rd May, 1674; November,

rector of Whalton and lecturer 1689 (</).
of St. John's, Newcastle; buried
31st May, 1710 {d).

I I I I I
Mary (/), baptised 14th November,

1641 (a).
Barbara, baptised 5th Feb., 1642/3

(a) ; buried 24th April, 1644 (a).
Hieronima (/;), baptised 8th Ma)-,

1649 (a) ; named after her maternal

aunt, Hieronima Chavtor.
Jane (/;).
Anne (//), baptised 8th Jan., 1654 '5 (a).

William, baptised 1st November, 1692 (a').

Utrick, baptised 14th June, 1698 (d) ; apprenticed 1st June, 1714, to

Chaloner Cowper of Newcastle, mercer ; died at Hexham, 14th

September, 1766 (»;).
Thomas, baptised 1 0th January, 1704/5 (</).
Henry, baptised loth May, 1710 (rf).

M M I

Margaret, baptised 2nd November, i6go {d).
Anne, baptised 24th November, 1691 (</).
Hannah, baptised 6th December, 1 693 -((/).
Elizabeth, baptised 13th June, 1695 (rf).
Mary, baptised gth March, 1696 7 {d").
Isabel, baptised 29th December, 1702 (rf).

William Bates, Mary, dau. = Ralph Bates of Newbottle,*:

born at Har- of John co. Durham, born 8th,

raton, bap- Bacon of baptised 29th January,

tisedatChes- Staward, 1688/9 (/); succeeded to

ter-le-Street, married the Halliwell and Mil-

22nd July, 6th May, burn estates on the death

l684(/)(a); 17r4(/); of his half-brother in

died unmar- bur. 8th '734 ! died in London,

ried, 27th March,' 23rd November, 1754;

July, 1705 1 722/3 (^) buried at St. Dunstan-in-

(/). (/). the- West (/) ; will dated

7th August, 1754 («/).

Isabella, daughter of Richard
Bates of Newcastle ; bond of
marriage, 15th May, 1725;
married 20th May, 1725 (</) ;
died 6th July, 1774 (J) (0),
aged 78 ; will dated 14th
February, 1766 ; proved at
Durham, 19th September,
1774, and at the Prerogative
Court of Canterbury, 26th
August of same year (to).

I i

Margaret, born nth, bap-
tis'ed 29lh March, 1686
(y^ ; married William
Potter (J).

Anne, born 20th March,
baptised Sth April, 1690
(/) ; married Chris-
topher Teasdale of
Houghton-le-Spring,and
died September, 1769
if)-

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

I M U

Ann, born 2ist October, 171 5 (J) (/) ; married Charles Stoddart, vicar of Chollerton, and died 1787.

Isabella, born i6th July, 1717 (c) (/) ; married at Horton, 7th January, 1742/3, William Watson of Newcastle (j),

and died 29th August, 1780 {/).
Margaret, born 7ih January, 1718/9 (c) (/) ; married at Chollerton, 7th January, 1740/1, Culhbert Watson of Cowpen (/).
Mary, born 24th September, 1 720 (<•) (/) ; buried 23rd October, 1720 (<•) (/).
Dorothy, born 26th October, 1721 (/) ; died same day (/).

Jane, dau.
of James
Mitford of
Newcastle
mar. loth

July, 1759
(./) (");

died 6th
May, 1760
(/) ; bur.
at St. Nic-
holas.

Ralph Bates of Halliwell,* born
14th May, 1730 (/) ; of
University College, O.xon. ;
matriculated October, 1748,
aged 18 (^) ; admitted to
Lincoln's Inn, 19th Novem-
ber, 1747 ; high sheriff of
Northumberland, 1 762 ; will
dated 7th November, 1775
(7(') ; died 2nd August, 1783
(/) (if), aged 53 ; buried at
St. Andrew's, Newcastle.

Isabella Jane, only child of the marriage, born
23rd April, baptised 25th May, 1760 (/) (w) ;
married I4lh Sept., 17S6, Henry Ingilby of
Ripley, co. Yorks, clerk in orders (/).

I I I I I I I

Anne, daugh- Thomas Bates, D.D., rector of Whalton, born 3rd

ter o' Henry December, 1735 (') (/)• i'

Ellison of Mary, born 17th April, 1726 (_/) ; married 6th June,

Park house, '754i Henry Wilson of Newbottle (,/).

Gateshead, Esther, bom 19th April, 1727 (/) ; married 20th Sep-

married at tember, 1761, Richard Wharton of Hartford (/).

Gateshead, Elizabeth, born 13th January, 1728/9 (7); died unmar-

Ist June, ried, 25th December, 1747 {/).

1762 (/) ; Dorothy, born 15th May, 1731 if); married first, 6th

died at Clif- November, 1755, William Clayton of Newcastle {r)

ton, near C/)i "^^d secondly, 30th March, 1769, James Brack

Bristol, 1st (/) of Washington ; she died 13th October, 1778

Oct., 1837 (/).

(/)agedg4; Jane, born 6th June, 1732 (/j ; died 8th September,

will dated 1738 (/).

26th June, Deborah, born 17th July, 1733 (f)\ buried at St.

1830 (i»). Oswald's, Durham, ist March, 1745/6 (/).

Ralph Bates of Halli- ■.
well,* born at Gates-
head, 22nd October,
baptised 1 2th Dec,
1764 (/)(o) ; lieut.-
col. 6th Enniskilling
Dragoons ; built
Milburn-hall in
1809; high sheriff
of Northumberland,

1812 ; will dated
23rd Feb., 181 1
(«)) ; died 5th June,

1813 (/) (/) ; bur.
at St. Andrew s,
Newcastle.

! I I I I

Sarah,* dau. Thomas, born 7th December, 1765 (/) (0);
of Nathaniel died i8th March, 1770 (/).

Ellison, vicar Henry, born 4th November, 1766 {/) ;
of Bo lam, buried 23rd December, 1774 (/).

married at Richard Bates, R.N., born l8th May, 1768
St. Andrew's, (/) ; killed on board H.M.S. ' Argo,'

Newcastle, 17th February, 1783, in the West Indies

4th Decem- (/).

ber, 1798 Robert Bates, born 22nd October, 1770 (/) ;

(/) (") I of Lincoln College, 0.\on. ; matriculated

died 8th May loth October, 1788, aged 17 ; B..'\., 1793 ;

1852, aged M. A., 1796; B.D., 1803 (^f ) ; rector of

72 (/). Whalton, 1795-1812 ; died unmarried,

l6th September, 1814 (/).

Cuthbert Bates of Newcastle, born 19th June,

1773 (/) ; died 28th June, 1837 (/).

I I I I

Hannah, born 8th June, baptised
6th July, 1763 (/) (o)\ mar-
ried 15th May, 17S6, John
Hunter of Lisburn. Ireland (/").

Anne, born 2nd June, 1769
(/) ; baptised nth March,
1770 (0); died 4th August,

1778 (/)■

Elizabeth, bom loth January,
1772 (/) ; died 31st January,
1798 (/).

Mary Anne, born gth February,
1776 (/) ; married at St.
Andrew's, Newcastle, 29th Jan.,
1795, John Fawcett of Newton-
hall, clerk in orders (/).

Ralph Bates of Mil-
burn and Halli-
well,* born 13th
December, 1799;
of Baliol College,
O.xon. ; matricu-
lated 20th June,
1817, aged 17 Cf);
will dated Ist
June, 1847 (w);
died unmarried 6th
June, 1853 (/).

Nathaniel Bates of Mil-
burn and Halliwell,*
born at Leminglon ;
baptised at Edling-
ham, 23rd July, 1805 ;
of Christ Church,
Oxon. ; matriculated
4th June, 1824, aged
18 ; died unmarried,
6th June, 1869 (_«■) ;
will dated 1st Decem-
ber, 1868 (w).

Robert Bates,
born at
Lemington,
loth Sept.,
1807 ; bur.
at Edling-
ham on the
following
day.

I I I I

Portrait at Milbu

Jane Anne Bates of Milburn and Halliwell,* sister and co-
heir, born 27th March, 1804 ; died 15th July, 1868 (/>) ;
will dated 25th May, 1S57 (m)-
Sarah Bates,* sister and co-heir, born 5th Februar)', 1803 ;

died unmarried gth April, 1878.
Georgiana, sister and coheir, born i6th October, baptised
2 Ist Nov., 1809 (0) ; married at Ponteland, 8th March,
1843, John Elphinstone Elliot, rector of Whalton, who by
royal licence assumed the additional name of Bates.
4'
a quo Mortimer of Milburn and Halliwell, and
Walker of Whalton rectory,
hall.

(fl) Earsdon Register.

\li) 44//; Report of Dep. Keep. Puh.

Rec. pp. 318, 325, 326, 524.
if) Raine, Test. Dunelni.
Id) St Johns Register^ Newcastle.
(<•) Houghton-le-Spring Register.
{^/) Family Bibles in the possession

of Mr. Ralph Mortimer of

Milburn.
ig) Alumni Oxonienses, Foster.
(/;) Dugdale's Visitation of North-

nnlheriand in 1 666.

(/) Chancery Bills and Answers, Eliza-
beth, Ff., bundle 7, No. 8 (vol. i.
P- 307).

(j) Gentleman's Magazine, 1740, p. 412.

{k) n,id. 1783, p. 715.

(/ ) Cf. Register of Charterhouse Chapel.

('«) Newcastle Courant, 20th September,
1766,

io) St. .-indreivs Register, Newcastle.

(;>) Monumental Inscriptions, Ponteland.

(y) Marquis of Waterford's MSS. Ford
castle.

(r) Dodsworth MS. 61, fol. 51.

is) Cf The Bates of Northumberland, by
Mr. H. R. Leighton, Sunderland, 1905.

(/) Inq. p.m. 35 KHz. vol. 236, No. 93.

ill) Inq.p.m. 3 James I. vol. 289, No. 93.

iv) Inq. p.m. 17 Chas. I. pt. 2, vol. 496,
No. 116.

(to) Deeds in custody of Messrs. Lead-
bitter and Harvey.

ix) Milburn-hall deeds in Rev. John
Hodgson's Collection, vol. z.

if) A II Saints' Register, Ne^iicastle,

HOLYWEM. TOWNSHIP.

TABLE II.

Thomas Bates, rector of Whalton, second son of Ralph Bates of Newbottle, horn 3rd
December, 1735; baptised at Houghton-le-Spring, 1st January, 1735/6; of Lincoln
College, Oxon. ; matriculated i6th October, 1752; B.A., 1756; M.A., 1759; B.D.
and D.D., 1775 ; inducted to the rectory of Whalton, igth August, 1760 ; died 25th (*■),
buried 27th August, 1794 (/<) ; will dated 20th September, i7yo ; proved at the Preroga-
tive Court of Canterbury, 23rd Februarj", 1795 (rf).

Elizabeth, daughter of Richard
Clutterbuck of Warkworth,
married there, 27th February,
1770 (a), and was buried at
the same place, 6th February,
1806 (a).

Thomas Bates, lieut.-col. = Selina Mari;i

2 1st Light Dragoons,
born 2gth October, bap-
tised 30th November,
I773(''') ; died at Porto-
bello, near Edinburgh,
3rd December, 1842.

daughter of Sir
Robert Waller
of Lisburn, Ire-
land, bart., mar.
2nd Sept., 1801 ;
bur.atSt. Mary's
Birkenhead.

I
Ralph Bates, major 98th foot, born
13th June, baptised 17th July,
1777 ((^) ; died unmarrieil, 28lh
May, 1812 ; will dated 2nd Sep-
tember, i8ll ; proved at the
Prerogative Court of Canterbury,
gth June, 1812 (_(/).

I I

Richard, baptised 14th August, 1778,
buried the following day (^).

Richard Bates, born loth October,
baptised nth November, 1779
(/;) ; captain and paymaster,
65th regiment ; died 22nd Octo-
ber, 1833 («).

John James Bates, born 25th Jan.,
1781 ; lieut. H.M.S. ' Amelia,'
killed off the east coast of Africa,
February, 1813 (/) ; will dated
6th February, 1813 ; proved at
the Prerogative Court of Can-
terbury, 3rd May, 1 8 13 ((/).

George Bates, baptised at St.
Andrew's, Newcastle, nth Feb-
ruary, 1785 ; died same month.

I I I I I
Isabella, born gth November, baptised nth December, 1770 (i5) ; married at Morpeth,

28th June, 1796, Charles Errington of Mount Greenwich, near Gateshead (of the

family of F^rrington of Chesters) ; died at Geneva, April, 1826.
Margaret, born 22nd August, baptised 2ist Sept.. 1772 (/() ; buried 17th Oct., 1787 (/).
Elizabeth, born 13th December, 1774; baptised 13th January, 1775 (a); buried 14th

February, 1775 («).
Mary Anne, born 27th March, baptised 2gth April, 1776 (i5) ; married at Morpeth, 20th

April, 1797, George Bruce, surgeon, Berwickshire Fencibles ; she died at Whickham,

7th July, 185 1.
Eliza Maria, born l6th April, 1782 ; married 15th October, 1804, Henry Heddington («).

I
Thomas Bates of
Ramsey, Isle of
Man, born in

Dublin,
Sept. If
died at
sey,
March,
buried at Le-
zayre. Isle of
Man (c).

23 rd

02 (c) ;

Ram-

2 2 nd

i860;

Anne, only child of
John Wilson of
Cross-lane, Bangor,
CO. Denbigh, mar-
ried at Bathwick,
Somerset, 2nd
August, 1825 (c) ;
died at Box, Wilts,
October, 1855 ; bur.
at Cockshutt, near
Oswestry (c).

Waller Bates, =
captain 6th
Inniskilling
Dragoons,
born 2 1 St
April, 1808
(r) ; died
in Australia
in 1861 (r),
s.p.

- Eliza Catherine, born 1805 (c) : nuirried Richard Biddulph
Meade of Canada, and died 1S76 (c).

of Kin- Selina, born 1806 (c) ; died 1861 (c).
sale, CO. Isabella Anne, born 1810 (c) ; married at Felton, 8th
Cork August, 1833, Samuel Walker Parker of Whickham.

(c). Eliza," born 1S12 (c) ; died 1S93 (c).

Harriet, born 1813 (c) ; died i88g (c).
Amelia, born 181 5 (c) ; married first, at Cheltenham,
22nd September, 1835, Lesley Alexander, and
secondly, Count d'Oberndorf, and died 1 881 (<:).
Septima, born 1816 (c) ; died l8gi (c).

Charles Edward Bates, a general
in the Indian army, born at Cam-
bridge, 1 2th December, 1827 (c) ;
served in the Indian Mutiny and
died at \^evey, in Switzerland,
17th May, 1902 (c).

Harriet Lynch, daugh-
ter of Richard W.
Stoneheure ; mar-
ried at Ootaca-
mund, in India,
26th October, 1852
(0-

Richard Waller Bates, = Rebecca, daughter of John
born at Stogumber,
CO. Somerset, 3rd
June, 1 83 1 (<:) ; died
at Castlemaine, Atis-
tralia, 23rd September,
1865 (c).

W. Care}-, captain 88th
Connaught Rangers, mar-
ried at Castlemaine, April,
1S60 (c) ; died in London,
24th February, i8gi (<:)•

I
William Henry Bates of ^
Egremont, Cheshire, born
at Trull, Somerset, 6th I
April, 1833. ^

Emma, daughter of Charles
Gavaron of London, married
at the English Embassy, Paris,
7lh July, "i860 (c).

Selina Anne, born at St. Omer, in France, 27th July,

1826 (<:).
Mary Alicia, born at Teignmouth, Devon, 15th January,

1829 (c) ; died in Liverpool, 22nd May, 1873 (<:)■

Vol. IX.

9°

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Charles Cuthbert Biiles,
born :it Ramsey, Isle
of Man, 2ist Octo-
ber, 1853 (c) ; died
unmarried at Pe-
nang, 1st April, 1873

(0-

Thomas Waller Bates,
born at Ramsey, 1 3lh
Jan., 1855 (c) ; living
unmarried, 1905 (c).

Henry Lesley
Alexander
Bales of Ala-
meda, San
Francisco,
born at Cud-
dalore, in
India, 20th
October, 1 860
(0.

; Rebecca Richard Edward Jocelyn
Helen, Bates, born at Tranque-
daughler bar, India, 2Ist January,
of John 1862 (c) ; living in South
Rixon of Africa, 1905.
Billings, William Norman Ralph
Montana, Bates, a lieutenant in the
mar. 3rd Indianarmy, bornatTran-
Sept. 1885 i|uel)ar, India, ;th Pcb.,
(c). 1863 (.c) ; died at sea, 2 1st
Feb., 1895 (c), unmarried.

I I I I I
Gertrude Anne Isabel, born at \ evey,

Switzerland, 3rd Sept., 1864 ; mar. at

Bray, Berks, 17th -May, lyoo, A. H.

Winterson of Clifton, near Bristol (c).
Edith Mary.bornanddiedat Vevey 1865.
Edith Selina, born at Vevey, 1865 ;

died at the same place in the same

year (c).
Ethel Mary, born at Vevey, gth April,

1870 (c).
Ediih Mary, born and died at \'evey

in 1871 (c).

Ill
Norman Cuthbert, born at Billings, Montana, U.S.A., gth October,

1887 (c).

Lesley Rixon, born at Billings, 26th July, 1889 (c).

Richard Waller, born at San Francisco, i6th January, 1892 (c).

Charles Edward Harold, born at Alameda, San

Francisco, 13th .August, 1894 (c\
Henry Jocelyn, born at Alameda, 17th October,

1896 (o.

{li) Wluilloti Rtghter.

Xf) Ex inf. Captain W. 11. Bates.

(rf) Wills and other documents in the possession of Captain W. H.
(/) Gfntkmans Magazine, 1794, P- '^^4-
(/) NewcaslU Chronicl,\ 3ril April, 18 1 3.

Bates.

TABLE III.

*Thom.as Bates of Newcastle, second son of Thomas Bates of Halliwell, bap- = Margaret Wilkinson of the city of Durham,
tised 3rd November, 1616 (a) ; was residing at Newcastle in 1666 (^). | will dated 23rd November, 1676.

„ I I

Peter Bates of New-
castle, barber sur-
geon and apothe-
cary, 4th June,
16S3, presented the
Barber Surgeons'
Company with a
copy of ' Bartholi-
nus his Anotamy '
(c) ; buried Illh
December, 1685

Elizabeth Dough- =
ty of St. Cle-
ment Danes,
marriage alle-
gation, 24th
August, 1686,
she 23 and he
35 ('^0 i buried
4th September,
1694 (/;) ; se-
cond wife.

I
Richard Bates of New- =
castle, apothecary, pur-
chased his admission
to the Merchants' Com-
pany, 13th Aug., 1672,
for £100 (rf) ; will
dated Stn March, 1 7 19;
proved 1723 ; his first
wife, Jane, by whom he
had no issue, was buried
at St. Nicholas's, 14th
October, 1683.

Margaret [dau. of
Michael] Clark,
married 19th
December, 1694
(/) ; third wife.

Peter, baptised 1st Septem-
ber, 1694 ill) ; buried 19th
December, 1695 (^')'

Margaret, baptised 23rd
March, 1689 (/;) ; mar-
ried 2nd February, 1724,
Lawrence Farringdon,
rector of Sherburne, Dor-
set (/O.

I I I

Isabella, born 7th December, 1695 (Ji) ;
married, 20th M.ij', 1725 {h), her kins-
man, Ralph Bates of Nevvbotlle.

Esther (^), married, 2oih June, 1726,
Cuthbert Fenwick of Newcastle.

[Mary (^), married 29th Sept., 1719,
John Ellison (li), vicar of Bedling-
ton (,}).]

Other issue.

I
Jedediah Bates of =
Newcastle, surgeon
(it), living nth No-
vember, 1693 ; will
proved 1700.

[Margaret
daughter
of Thomas
Hutton of
Marsk, co.
York, clerk

WO)].

I I I I

Ammi, baptised 28th September, 1654 (/;) ; buried

1st October, 1655 (/;).
John, buried 23rd Februarys 1663,4)
Hephzibah, buried jth October, 1655
Susannah, buried 28lh June, 1657 iji).

I I

Thomas Bates, son of Jedediah Bates, a free brother
of the Company of Barber Surgeons, was enrolled
apprentice to his father, 5th October, 1692 (c)\
stated to have settled at Alton, Hants, to have
been married thrice, and to have left issue (f).

Ralph Bates, son of Jedediah Bates, a free
brother of the Company of Barber Surgeons,
Newcastle, was enrolled apprentice to his father,
5th October, 1692 (c).

* This pedigree of a little known branch of the family, although as full as the material will admit, is by no means complete.

(a) Earsdon Register.

(i4) St. John's Register, Newcastle.

(/) Newcastle Barber Surgeons' Book.

((/) I^endy, Newcastle Merchant Adventurers.^ vol. ii.

(^) Pedigree in Bell Collection.

(jO Tynemouth Register.

(?) Dugdale's Visitation of Northumberland, 1666.

(/;) All Saints' Register, Newcastle.

(?) Cf. .Arch. A el. 2nd series, vol. v. p. II.

(X-) Harl. Soc. vol. xxx. p. 242.

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP. 9 I

Thomas Bates died on August 31st, 1587, having, by indenture dated
November ist, 1584, settled his property in Holywell and other places upon
his brother, Robert Bates of North Seaton. Cuthbert Bates, who succeeded
his father, Robert Bates, was on more than one occasion at variance with
his neighbours of Seaton Uelaval. Attendance at the manorial court proved
irksome. The tenants of Holywell were in 1587 amerced 'for defalt of
answare and for wythdrawing of the custom,' ' and soon they completely
abjured the court and its authority. Robert Delaval observed in a letter
to Lord Hunsdon :

Theire is a towne called Halliwell neye adjoyninge to my house, whiche alwayes heretofore hailhe
answered to my courte at Seaton Delavale, and ever did sute and service to my house, till none of late
that on Cuthbert Baytes did marye the sister of Peter and Josua Uelavale, since which tyme lie haithe
and dothe denye bothe answeringe to my courte and doeinge me any suite or service, whiche is only by
theire procurements, besides divers other injuryes offered unto me by the saide Baites, and all throughe
the countenaunce of theme two animateinge ye saide Baites theirein.-

On June i8th, 1595, twenty kine belonging to Robert Delaval strayed
with their calves out of Brereden pasture in Hartley township into a
meadow belonging to Cuthbert Bates. Bates impounded them, and sent
notice of his action to Seaton Delaval ; whereupon Edward Delaval and
Ambrose Readhead came from Seaton, and offered fourpence as pound-law
for the kine, but refused to pay for damage done until it had been proved
whether it was not due to Bates's negligence, and said that they would have
the cattle whether Bates willed it or no. After sunset John Delaval, son of
the lord of Seaton, came with a body of his servants, armed with lances,
broke open the pounds and carried off the cattle. A similar occurrence took
place on October 26th following, so the ill-feeling of the two landowners
became accentuated, and resulted in a suit in the Court of Star Chamber.^

On February 2nd, 1602/3, Cuthbert Bates died,^ leaving a son and
heir, Thomas Bates, who was then ten years of age. Custody and wardship
of the young heir were granted, on November 26th, 1606, to his mother,
Elizabeth Bates, who subsequently married Thomas Smelt of Gray's Inn.
Two years later Elizabeth Bates appealed to the Court of Wards and
Liveries against the action of her neighbour, Sir Ralph Delaval, in hav-
ing, as she asserted, sought to disinherit her son, Thomas Bates, of a

' Seaton Delaval Court Rolls.

-'A note of severall injuryes done unto Robert Delavale by Peter Delavale and his brethren.'
Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

' Star Chamber Proceedings, 38 Eliz. B. Bundle 50, No. 10.

* His will and inventory is printed in Durham Wills and Inventories, vol. iii. Surt. Soc. Pub. pp. 181-1S3.

92 EARSDON CHAPELRV.

parcel of land called Holywell moor. This was done, she stated, ' the
rather for that he perceyvethe the sayd Elizabeth to be a sole woman and
not able to followe busynes in lawe,' — she had not as yet taken a lawyer
as a second husband ; and he intended to go to trial at the next assizes
in Northumberland, and 'being of power there,' doubted not that he
would overthrow the defendants.'

Hitherto the tenants of Holywell had enjoyed the right of pasturing
eighty beasts upon Seaton Delaval moor, or four sheep in place of one
beast ; but their rights of common did not extend to the adjacent moor
of Whitridge, which also lay in the lordship of Seaton Delaval. More-
over, the lord of the manor exercised the privilege of depasturing his
cattle on the moor without stint or number, and had, or claimed to have,
free rake and passage for his cattle out of Seaton Delaval common into
the corn, meadow and pasture of Holywell. The evidence of the court
rolls supports the defendant's contention that no separate common had
hitherto existed for Holywell. However, in lieu of the eighty stints
formerly held by occupiers of land in that township, one hundred and
twenty acres were now severed from Seaton Delaval common and annexed
to Holywell, causing a rectification of its northern boundary.^

Ralph Bates, son of Thomas Bates, served in Yorkshire on the rovalist
side during the Civil War, but after the capture of Newcastle he made
his submission to the parliamentarians, and on Christmas Day, 1645, swore
to the National Covenant before Ralph Watson, minister of Earsdon. His
personal estate, according to his own statement, had been wholly consumed
and wasted by the armies, and he was further obliged to pay a fine of
j^200 for his delinquency.' His fortunes had sufficiently recovered by 1654
to allow him to build the old hall of Holywell, at the cross-roads above the
dene. In its complete state the hall must have presented a very effective
grouping of gables, dormers and chimney-stacks, judging from the pictur-
esque fragment which still remains.

The gate-posts and flanking walls shown in the accompanying sketch

' Courl of Wai'ds and Liveries, Pletuinigs, Hilary, 6 James I.

- The result of the trial is given in a memorandum in Sir Ralph Delaval's estate-book : ' It ys also
to be noted that ye townshipp of Hallywell hathe 120 acres of moore severed to them, which was parte of
Seaton Delavale common, as also 14 acres caled the threepe moore, in leyu and consideracyon of ye
racke of 80 beastes that they had on Seaton moore ; but the royaltyes of the same ys reserved to ye lord
of Seaton Delavale.' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

' Welford, Royalist Compositions, Surt. Soc. No. Ill, pp. 113-114.

HOLYWELL TOWNSHIP.

form the west end of a courtyard measuring about a hundred by sixty feet, of
which the eastern end was occupied by the residential portion of the hall.
That is now destroyed. The existing building on the north side of the court
possibly comprised the kitchens and domestic offices. It measures seventy-
six feet in length by twenty-one feet in breath, with a projection containing a
stair-case. Its windows have chamfered jambs and mullions and moulded

_ - ^/^i^P^-^ ^' ■ ■ ^ li£^

The Old Hall at Holywell.

labels. A door in the centre of the range has moulded jambs, and a four-
centred arched head formed of a single stone on which is the motto and
design

1654

MEDIOCRIA

FIRMA

There are some old stone fireplaces in the interior, that within the chimney
stack being segmental-headed and wide in the opening.

94 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

K'alpli Rates was rated in 1663 for lands in Holywell at jk 120, other
owners then being James BavlifTe, rated at £if) ; Richard Walker and
Dorothy Grey, rated at £20 each ; and John Taylor, rated at £ii} The
name of BaylifFe is regularly entered on the court rolls among the free-
holders of Holywell throughout Elizabeth's reign ; that of Taylor first
occurs in 1587. One of these properties came into the possession of the
Fenwicks of Earsdon, probably through the marriage of Nicholas Fenwick
with Sarah, daughter and heiress of Thomas Winship of Holywell. It is
now represented bv Holywell Grange farm, and is owned by Mr. Thomas
Fenwick-Clennel of Harbottle. The small freehold estate belonging to
Mr. Thomas Bradford Atkinson of Angerton has descended to the present
owner from his grandmother, Marv Anne Atkinson, first wife of Sir Thomas
Bradford, G.C.B., and niece and devisee of Mr. Ralph Atkinson of
Angerton.'^ Wolfhill farm and the West Field farm once formed part of
the Bates property, but were sold on May 12th, 1781, for ;^4,o8o, to Ralph
William Grey of Backworth, and passed with the rest of the Backworth
estates in 181 2 to the duke of Northumberland.'

On June 29th, 1855, Mr. Nathaniel Bates, the last male representative
of the main line of his family, disposed of the whole of his estates to his
sister, Miss Jane Anne Bates. She died intestate, whereupon Holywell
and her other unentailed properties passed to her sisters. Miss Sarah Bates
and Mrs. Georgiana Elliot ; while Miss Sarah Bates inherited the entailed
estates of Milburn and Coldcoats in the parish of Ponteland, under the
limitations of the will of her elder brother, Mr. Ralph Bates of Milburn.
On the death of Miss Sarah Bates, \vho also died intestate, the whole
property was re-united in the person of Mrs. Elliot, who, with her husband,
the Rev. John Elphinstone Elliot, assumed the additional surname of Bates.
Mrs. Elliot Bates devised Holywell and her other unentailed estates to
her grandson, Mr. Ralph George Mortimer, now of Milburn hall.'' Mr.
Mortimer is also owner, by purchase, of the entailed estates.

' Hodgson, Norl!iuinberlaiid,pl. iii. vol. i. p. 251.

- See pedigree of Atkinson and Bradford, ibid. pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 193-194.
' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

' Mr. Mortimer married, on June 26tli, 1907, \'ioIet, daughter of the late Major E. \V. Stokes of the
4lh King's Own Regiment.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP.

The seaboard township of Hartley contains within its limits 1,790
acres, of which five are inland water, three are tidal water, and 2icS acres
are foreshore, leaving 1,564 acres of land. Its high and exposed situation
is unfavourable for agriculture, contrasting as it does with the more sheltered
position of Whitley to the south. Early forms of the name suggest Idw rather
than lea as the original form of the second syllable,' and the conspicuous
hill, capped by the red-tiled cottages of the modern village, may well
have been occupied by an early settlement of fishermen.

Hartley Vfllage.

Two streams have hollowed their deep channels through the township ;
their mouths forming its southern and northern limits. The Brierdene
burn, rising at the Black-hill on the bounds of Holywell, flows through
swamp and whin-grown banks. In Holywell dene the broader Seaton burn
has eaten through the friable earth down to a rocky bed, over which its
clear water falls, among woods of birch and ash — carpeted with ground-ivy,

' The name is still pronounced Hartlfi by the country people.

g6 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

hyacinth and wild strawberry, or filled with undergrowth of thorn, briar
and bramble — till it too loses itself in swamp, to find a deeper basin and
outlet to the sea at Seaton Sluice.

The coast line presents much variety of feature. North of the Brier-
dene the coast is Boulder-clay, fronted by sand and shingle, as far as the
sandstone outcrop of Curry's point, once called Whitchever. Opposite
to this is Hartley Bates, now mis-named St. Mary's Island, a rock isolated
at high tide, and beyond it is an alternation of rock and creek, sweeping
round to the mouth of Seaton burn, whence a level range of sandhills
stretches northward to the Blyth.

In early times the country north from Holywell dene formed part of
Seaton Delaval township.^ The old road leading from Hartley followed
the southern bank of the dene, then struck southward, forming the boundary
of Hartley and Holywell townships, and so crossed the Brierdene by
the Fisher's ford near Black hill and entered Earsdon." A bounder of
Hartley, taken in 1573, preserves some early names and vanished landmarks :

The boundres of the inannor or loidshipp of Hnrteleye m the countye of Northumberlande within
the paryshe of Tyneniuthe, as yt was vewde and walked by the tennants of the sayd towne and dyvers
others the freholders and occupiers of Seaton Delavale, Hallywell, Earsden, Munckeseaton and
Whittelye, beinge the next adioyneinge and bounderinge townes thereunto, and in the presence of
Robert Delavale, esq., head lorde of Hartley, George Radclyffe, Richard Rulhall, Christofer Mylford
and Robert Lawson esquiers, and William Taylor yenion, freholders and owners of dyvers tenements and
landes belonginge thereto in Harteley aforesaid, and also in the presence of Thomas Bates, gentleman,
the Queene's Maiestie's surveyour in the countie of Northumberland, the first daye of Maye and in the
xvj"' of the reigne of our soverayne ladye queene Elizabethe, a.d. 1573.

The same beginethe at a greate blewe stone which ys belted about with a w-hite seame, whiche
stone lyethe thirtye yeards by southe the mouthe of Breyerden bourne, where the sayd bourne enterethe
into the sea in the sande there. Frome which stone yt assendethe upp the southe banke heade of
Breyrden to the east ende of the dycke whiche standes one the topp of the sayd banke by Breyrden
pethe, and so dyrecthe as that dycke goethe into the southemoste noucke of Highe Breyrden, which
dycke dothe bound and sever the groundes of Whitlethe and Munckseaton frome Harteley. Then
turneinge northwards as the dyke goethe alonge the topp of High Breyrden, which boundereth Earsden
groundes frome Harteleye, and crossinge over the burne at the east syde of the Salter foorde, otherwise
nowe caled the Fysher foorde, where yt metethe with Hallywell Black-hill, and frome thence upp the
banke as the dycke goethe, and so northward styl! as the sayd dycke standethe on the heade of Harteley
brockes, untyll yt come to the northmost corner of the sayd dycke, which dycke bounderethe Hallywell
groundes fiome Hartley. Then yt tuinethe eastwarde downe the dycke that standethe one the heade of
the southe banke of Seaton Delavale woode, alonge the Brockes of Hartleye, untyll yt come to the eeaste

' See below under Seaton Delaval township.

' It is presented by the homage that the highe waie and common street frome the water mylne to
the Black hill in Halliwell feilds for horse carte and cariage haith alwaies lyen and been and doth lie
and go upon the west side of the dicke called Breerden dicke, and that the same waie haith so bene
used accustomablye for the spaice of these Ix yeres and moore, and tymes out of any man's memorye,
none levinge to the contrarye. Seaton Delaval Court Rolls, 1596.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. 97

ende of the sayd woode, where fiome the topp of the sayd southe bancke yt discendethc downe noith-
word by a dycke to the great water poole called Horspoole, and so descendinge down as the water goethe
by Harteley brydge, and so, styll discendinge the middest of the sayd water, to the sea at the pannes
caled Mardle-deane pannes, and from thenc southeward alonge the sea bankes by Harteley town, Saint
Ellen's baytes and Whitchevers to Fullow Crake, styll goinge by the sea bankes untyll yt cotiie to the
great blewe stone of lireyerton where yt begane.'

Hartley was one of the vills which composed the barony of EUingham,
conferred on Nicholas de Grenville by Henry I.^ Men of Jesmond,
Heaton, Cramlington and Hartley — the townships forming the southern
half of the barony — attested a deed of gift to Durham priory made by
William de Grenville, nephew of Nicholas de Grenville.' The northern
m.anors of EUingham, Doxford, and Osberwick, as well as Heaton, appear
to have been held in subinfeudation during the lifetime of William de
Grenville by his brother-in-law, Ralph de Gaugy ; for though Grenville
continued to hold the barony until 1161,'' a grant of EUingham church
to the monks of Durham, made by Gaugy, cannot be dated later than
1158;'* and in 1157 King Henry H. confirmed to William de Vesci,
along with other possessions, the fee of Ralph de Gaugy, namely, the four
townships specified above. '^

The charter given to Vesci in 11 57 was in the nature of a confirmation
in the lands of his father, Eustace fitz John, whose death had immediately
preceded it ; and as Ralph de Gaugy had a grown son at the time that
he made a grant of EUingham church,' it is perhaps permissible to infer
that the elder Gaugy died shortly before 11 57, and that the wardship of
his heir, Ralph de Gaugy H., came by grant from Grenville or otherwise
to Eustace fitz John. Grenville died without leaving issue. Of his two
sisters, the elder, Mabel de Grenville, was the widow of Ralph de
Gaugy I. ; the younger had been married to Hugh de Ellington. The

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

'"' Red Book of the Exchequer, Rolls Series, p. 43S. An exhaustive account of the Grenville and
Gaugy barony is to be found in vol. ii. of this work, pp. 224-243, and, so far as relates to Je=mond, in
Dendy, Accoinit of Jesmond {Arch. Ael. 3rd series, vol. i.), pp. 30-39. Though alternative interpretations
are here put forward on certain points of detail, the present narrative is to be considered by way of
supplement to these primary authorities.

'■■ Feodarium Prioratus Duiiclineiisis, Surt. Soc. No. 58, p. 104.

' William de Grenville paid scutage in 1161, and his heirs paid lelief in the following yearj Pife
Rolls, ed. Hodgson, pp. 5, 303.

* See vol. ii. of this work, p. 227, note 3.

" Chancery Miscellaneous i?o//s, bundle 3, No. 6., printed in Harnhome, Feudal and Military Antiquities
0/ Northumberland, pp. cx-cxii ; see also vol. v. of this work, p. 21.

' Vol. ii. of this work, p. 228, note 2.
Vol. IX. 13

98 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

barony was partitioned ; Mabel de Grenville and her son, Ralph de
Gaugy II., took ElHngham and the northern manors, with the seignory
over the other half of the barony ; Ellington received Jesmond and the
southern townships in right of his wife.' Both portions were subjected
to the provision of dower for Emma de Grenville, widow of the late lord
of the barony, and both included a share in the service of a quarter of a
knight's fee rendered by a certain tenant named Galon. This service was
due for land alienated by the Grenvilles. Its extent suggests that the
holding so carved out of the barony did not include more than a moiety
of a manor. The locality of Galon's fee cannot be settled with any
certainty, although the balance of probabilities inclines to Hartley.^

The assize of Clarendon, promulgated early in 11 66, inaugurated a
system of judicial visitations carried out in every part of the kingdom by
means of itinerant justices. Richard de Lucy and the earl of Essex em-
ployed the spring and summer months in visiting every county in England.
Their commission had a financial as well as a judicial character, and its
result is seen in the creation of a class of pnrprestiires, made up of
escheats and concealed lands, for which sheriffs accounted to the Ex-
chequer, over and above the ancient ferm of the shires. The Pipe Roll
for 1 1 66 includes among these new additions to the royal demesne 'Ralph
Gaugy's land which William de Vescy held,' for which the sheriff made a
return of thirty shillings.^ The corresponding entry in the roll for 11 67
shows that the land in question lav in Hartley.*

Hartley was as yet largely uncultivated, but it improved under the care
of the king's officers. The demesne was re-stocked. In 1167 the sheriff
accounted for forty-seven shillings expended upon a team of eight oxen,
a horse for harrowing, and sixty sheep ; and the sum of twenty-one shillings
was spent in purchasing oats for seed-corn.^ The result is seen in the
improved rent for 1168, amounting to £'^ os. 4d.^ This fixed rent was

' Red Book of the Exchequer, p. 443. In 1162, Ralph de Gaugy paid relief on two fees (forty marks),
and Hugh de Ellington paid relief on one fee (twenty marks) ; Pipe Rolls, p. 300. However, the returns
of 1 166 show that either party then held one knight's fee and a half. Both were equally assessed in the
aid of 1 168 and the scutage of 1172, though in 1165 Gaugy paid scutage for the whole barony ; ibid.
8, 13, 21. Ellington's name has unfortunately suffered several transformations in this edition of the Pipe
Rolls. Upon the principle of division see Uendy, Jesmond, p. 32.

" It is improbable that Galon's lands lay in one of the northern manors, for these were held by Ralph
de Gaugy I., nor yet in Jesmond, which appears to have been at this time the seat of the barony.
Cramlington was probably also retained by the Grenvilles in their own hands. See a deed of gift by
Nicholas de Grenville, quoted in vol ii. of this work, p. 226, note 3, which is attested by 'onmes meliores
et prudentiores de Cramlingtun.'

' Pipe Rolls, p. 9. ' Ibid. p. 10. = Ibid. ' Ibid. p. 12.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. 99

supplemented in subsequent years by extraordinary payments, such as
perquisites of the manorial court, which totalled twenty-one shillings in
1167,^ and by aids, to which the men of Hartley contributed in 1169.^

Taking into consideration the amount of the annual return, it seems
probable that not more than half of the township became crown land, and
the explanation therefore suggests itself that this was Galon's fee, forfeited
by that knight and claimed as an escheat from William de Vesci, the
guardian of Ralph de Gaugy II. It continued crown property until
1 1 76, when an exchange was effected. The Grenvilles appear to have held
land in the royal manor of Newburn, which Gaugy and Ellington now
surrendered to the king in return for a grant of Hartley.'

Ellington died about 11 80, in which year Mabel de Grenville and
her son Ralph paid a fine of five marks for having seisin of his fee.*
Both portions of the barony thus became united in the elder line. Though
the barony henceforward remained intact, a re-division of estates apparently
took place in 1201. In that year Adam de Gaugy, who may be identified
with a younger son of Ralph de Gaugy I., obtained judgment in the
king's court against his kinsman, Ralph de Gaugy III., for land in
Ellingham and ' Greling ' to the extent of one knight's fee.* Adam de
Gaugy appears to have left descendants who discarded their original surname
for a territorial appellation. An inquest taken about the year 1240 states
that Adam de Jesmond then held of Ralph de Gaugy III. the vills of
Jesmond and Hartley by the service of one knight's fee and a half.** It
is apparent from other records that he also held land in Heaton and that
he received from Gaugy a grant of half of the manor of Cramlington.^

There can be no doubt that Adam of Jesmond came of the Grenville
and Gaugy stock.* He, or his father, entered in 121 5 upon a lawsuit with
Gilbert Delaval over two bovates of land in Dissington.' The plea termin-
ated in a fine made in 1219 between the two parties.'" Perhaps it was at
this date that Adam of Jesmond conferred upon Delaval his moiety of

' Pipe Rolls, p. 10. - Ibid. p. 14.

' Ibid. pp. 24, 26. The sheriff administered the property for eighteen months longer, but paid the
rents over to the new owners.

' Ibid. p. 32 ; compare p. 68. ^ Ibid. p. 77.

" Testa de Nevil, Record Com. p. 3S2 ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 206.

' Placita de quo warranto, Record Com. p. 586 ; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 123. For
the grant of Cramlington see Three Northumberland Assize Rolls, Surt. Soc. No. 88, p. 328.

' Dendy, Jesmond, pp. 37-39. » Curia Regis Rolls, No, 49. " Pipe Rolls, p. 120.

lOO EARSt)0>f CHAPELRV.

Hartley township, which was held of him in 1252- 1254 by Eustace, son
of Gilbert Delaval/ As will be seen later, this was the full extent of
Adam of Jesmond's holding in Hartley. That manor continued for three
centuries to be held in moieties by different owners.

The Delaval Moiety.

The land conveyed to the Delavals by Adam of Jesmond formed
one moiety of Hartley township. In 1242 Eustace Delaval and his
men are found making appeal against the men of Adam of Jesmond for
breach of the peace. Jesmond was then with the king in Gascony,^ and
in consequence of his absence the sheriff of Northumberland was directed,
on September 29th, to stay the appeal.' About ten years later (1252- 1254),
Delaval was sued for services in Hartley by William de Valence, who
possibly based his claim upon the grant made to him in 1249 of the custody
of Robert fitz Roger, descendant of Eustace fitz John, Delaval thereupon
called upon Adam of Jesmond to acquit him of the said services.^

The same Eustace Delaval conferred a quarter of the whole township,
comprising fourteen bovates of land, upon the canons of Brinkburn,' to be
held by homage and fealty, and by the service of is. 8d. for the ward
of the king's castle of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, of 3^d. for coinage payable
at the feast of St. Cuthbert in September, and of 3s. 4d. at Whitsuntide
for the custom called Cole-male.^ This last payment was no doubt made for
the right of working the outcrops of coal in the sea banks.

The Delaval moiety of Hartley was stated in an inquisition taken
in 1258, upon the death of Eustace Delaval, to be worth £'i, 17s. iid.
yearly.' By 1297 the return had increased to £(:> los. The demesne
then included a hundred acres of arable land, worth sixpence an acre, and
there were four bondage holdings and ten cottages, paying rents respectively
of ten and four shillings apiece, besides the lands of Brinkburn priory.*

' Curia Regis Rolls, No. 93.

" Adam of Jesmond received letters of protection on May 17th, 1242, to last for so long as he should
be in parts over the sea with the lord king. Roles Gascons, Documents Inedits, vol. i. p. 78.

^ Close Rolls, 27 Hen. III. m. 7 d. ' Curia Regis Rolls, No. 151.

^Hundred Rolls, Record Com. vol. ii. p. 23; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 116. In
1260 the prior of Brinkburn sued Henry Delaval, brother and heir of Eustace Delaval, on a plea of
warranty of the third part of fourteen bovates of land in Hartley, claimed as dower by Christiana, widow
of the said Eustace. Curia Regis Rolls, No. 165.

" The services are set out in an inquisition taken upon the death of Sir Robert Delaval, October
1st, 1353. Inq. p.m. 27 Edvv. III. No. 67.

' Inq. p.m. C. Hen. III. file 21, No. 8. " Inq. p.m. 25 Edw. I. No. 47.

Hartley township. lot

Upon the death of Robert Delaval in 1297, his sister, Margery
Delaval, succeeded to his estates in fee. She and her husband, Andrew de
Smytheton, already held the moiety of Hartley, which they granted in 1300
to Gilbert de Ottley, chaplain, to hold in trust.' The extent of the Delaval
lands in Hartley, taken on November 3rd, 131 1, upon the death of Margery
Delaval, furnishes the following particulars as to tenants and yearly rents :

One coal mine, 13s. 4d. ; Roger Ak . . . ., two messuages and twelve acres, held in bondage, 8s. 6d. ;
Nicholas le taillur, one messuage and three acres, held in bondage, 6s. ; Alan, son of Hugh, one
cottage, lid. ; John Mody, one messuage and two and a half acres, held at the lord's will, 2s. 2d. ; eight
cottagers paying is. 3d. each ; one new assart, £s los. Total, £7 13s. iid. [sic].'-

Margery Delaval died childless, and her estates went to her kinsman,
Sir Robert Delaval, who made a settlement of the greater part of his
property in 1334, Hartley being limited under this entail to the heirs
of his eldest son, William Delaval.^ Sir Robert Delaval died in 1353,
when a detailed survey was made of all his lands.

One QlTARTER OF THE MANOR OF HeRTLAWE, SURVEYED OCTOBER 1ST, I353.'

Yearly value.
Land. £ s. d.

loi| acres of arable demesne at lod. an acre ... ... ... 455

8i „ „ „ 6d. „ ... ... ... 043

2 acres of meadow at 2s. an acre ... 040

4 husbandlands of 24 acres each, at 6d. an acre 280

3 cottages, each with 3 acres annexed, at 3s. ... ... 090

I cottage without land ... ... ... ... .. ... —

I cottage with 3 acres annexed ... ... ... ... 040

6 cottages at is. 8d. each ... ... ... ... ... o 10 o

I cottage o o 8

3 cottages lying waste ... ... ... ... ... ... nihil

Sum £8 5 4

No new survey was taken until 1438. In the interval a large portion
of the demesne appears to have been divided into husbandry holdings. Joan
Goldesburgh, widow of Sir Henry Delaval, died in that year seised of one
third of the moiety of Hartley, which she held as dower, including eighteen
acres of arable demesne worth 4d. an acre, three acres of meadow demesne
worth IS. 6d. an acre, three husbandlands each worth ids. a year clear,
and one cottage let at is. 8d. The survey also mentions the site of a ruined
manor-house, of which the herbage was worth a shilling yearly.* Further
allusion to the decayed state of the Delaval property is made in an inqui-
sition taken in 1450. It was estimated to contain eight messuages, three

'Feet 0/ Fines, 29 Edw. I. No. 53. - Inq. p.m. 5 Edw. II. No. 70.

' Feet of Fines, 8 Edw. III. No. 29. ' Inq. p.m. 27 Edw. III. No. 67. ^ Inq. p.m. 10 Hen. VI. No. 44.

I02 EARStJON CHAfELRY.

hundred acres of arable, thirty acres of meadow, and four hundred acres
of pasture, but was returned as worth little on account of the devastation
and destruction wrought there by the Scots.'

The steady decline in the value of property may be traced in the
history of a free husbandland of twenty-four acres in the Delaval moiety of
the manor, held by the Trewicks of Cramlington." In 1338 this land was
stated to be worth twenty shillings yearly in time of peace, but to be then
only worth five- shillings a year by reason of destruction done by the Scots ;
yet by 1402 its value had further declined to 3s. 4d., although it rose to ten
shillings in 1423.'^ The male line of the Trewicks failed with the death of
Thomas de Trewick in 1399, and the family property was divided between
his two daughters, Eleanor Hoggison and Joan de Wotton. From one of
these two co-heiresses descended the Lawsons of Cramlington. Alexander
Burrell, whose name occurs with those of Thomas Lavvson and the prior of
Tynemouth as freeholders in 1485,* may have represented the other daughter.

The prior and convent of Tynemouth held a piece of land let at the
lord's will for ten shillings rent in 1292 and 1377, and for eight shillings
in 1538, as well as a mill which used at one time to pay three shillings rent,
but had become a ruin before the year 1377.^ At the dissolution the prior
of Tynemouth was also in receipt of a yearly rent of is. 2d., paid to him out
of the Brinkburn lands in Hartley.*^

The Middleton Moiety.

A moiety of Hartley township was retained by Ralph de Gaugy III.
after the remainder had been transferred to Adam of Jesmond ; and Gaugy's
widow, Matilda de Gaugy, had Hartley and the hamlet of Whitlawe

' luq. p.m. 29 Hen. VI. No. 26.

" Margery de Trewick was one of the Iw'o heirs of Adam of Jesmond. Her grandson, John, son of
William de Trewick, made conveyance of his half of the manor of Jesmond to Richard de Emeldon
in 131 1, retaining, amongst other properties, a messuage and twenty-four acres of land in Hartley.
luq. ad quod damnum, file 94, No. II. His successor, Henry de Trewick, died in 1328, leaving a
son and heir, John de Trewick, who, on May 4th, 1360, received confirmation in lands in South
Middleton, Trewick, Cramlington, Whitlawe, Hartley and Morpeth, formerly belonging to Henry le
Proktour of Trewick and to William de Morpeth, and forfeited by them for their adherence to Gilbert
de Middleton. Patent Rolls in Arch. Ael. ist series, vol. iii. pp. 72-73. An account of the Trewick
family is given in Dendy, Jesmond, pp. 57-58.

^ Inq. p.m. 2 Edw. HI. No. 50; i Hen. IV. No. 12; i Hen. \T. No. 28. In all inquisitions
after 1313, the size of the holding is given as eighteen acres.
' Hartley Court Rolls.

' Tynemouth Charlulary, fols. 51 b, 55 b, 59 ; (Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 223 ; vol. ii. p. Ix.xxv.
' See vol. vii. of this work, p. 468.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. 103

assigned to her for dower, but forfeited those places upon taking as her
second husband a Frenchman named Henry de St. Martin. They were
restored to her, however, in compliance with a royal order issued to the
sheriff of the county on May ist, 1242.' Her son, Ralph de Gaugy IV.,
subsequently sold this moiety of Hartley, together with the seignory of
the second moiety and of the other townships in the southern half of his
barony, to William de Middleton, brother of Richard de Middleton, the
king's chancellor,^

William de Middleton made a grant of two bovates in the township,
worth eight shillings yearly, to Roger of Hartley, and conferred the whole
moiety, estimated to be of the yearly value of twenty pounds, as well as
the services of the heirs of Adam of Jesmond, upon his brother, Gilbert
de Middleton.' In the extensive enquiries made before the hundredors
in 1274, the fact was brought to light that Gaugy had not obtained licence
to alienate his lands and services, and the sheriff was accordingly instructed,
on April 23rd, 1274, to take Hartley into the king's hands ; '' but on May
1 8th following, fresh orders were issued to the effect that Gilbert de
Middleton should be temporarily allowed to enjoy the manor.* The
term of his possession was prolonged until he should have obtained a quit-
claim of services from the feoffor," and finally, in 1279, upon payment of a
fine of ten pounds, he received a grant of Gaugy's lands in Hartley, to
hold of the king by the service of half a knight's fee.' Other services
due from his holding included the annual payment of 3s. 4d. for castle-ward
and of 7d. for cornage.*

Middleton's tenure was troubled in other ways. In 1274 he brought
an action against Richard de Stickley, one of the heirs of Adam of Jes-
mond, for coming to Hartley and maltreating his men.' In 1277 he brought
an assize of mort d ancestor against Robert Delaval for common of pasture
in the township;'" and in 1283, John de Swethop and Johanna his wife

' Clou Rolls, 26 Hen. III. m. ii ; Hunter, Rottili Sclccti, Record Com. p. 260.

- Rotuli Huniiredormn, Record Com. vol. ii. p. 18; Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 94. A
pedigree of the Middletons, with full biographical details, is given in Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii.
vol. i. pp. 353-354-

' Rotuli Hundredoruin, loc. cit. Three Northumbrian Assize Rolls, Surt. Soc. No. 88, p. 328.

* Fine Rolls, 2 Edw. I. m. 26. ' Ibid. m. 22.

" Ibid. ni. 5, and 3 Edw. I. m. 6 ; Cal. Close Rolls, 1272-1279, pp. 169, 284.
' Abbreviatio Rotulorum Originalium, Record Com. vol. i. p. 33.

* Inq.p.m. 27 Edw. III. pt. i. No. 66. ° De Banco Rolls No. 6 ; Dendy, Jesmond, pp. 58-59.
'" Pat. Rolls, 5 Edw. I. m. 19.

I04 EARSDON CHAPELRY,

sued Middleton for the third part of twelve messuages, three carucates,
sixty acres of meadow, one windmill, and ^30 rent in Hartley/ This last
action was one for dower, which Johanna perhaps claimed as widow of
William de Middleton.

The military service incumbent upon his fee was performed by Gilbert
de Middleton in the Welsh campaign of 1277." At the time of the second
invasion of Wales, in 1282, he contented himself with sending a deputy/
He died early in 1290,'' leaving a widow, Juliana, and a boy of eleven,
also named Gilbert de Middleton. His property in Hartley was as follows :

Rent from bonds and cottagers, £\2 8s. 3d. ; arable demesne, 140 acres at 8d. an acre, £^ 13s. 4d. ;
meadow demesne, £1 13s. 4d. ; a mill, ^i 13s. 4d. ; rent of a coal mine, 13s. 4d. ; a brew-house, 6s, ;
profit of the port, where the lord of the manor shall provide boats,* los. Sum total, /21 15s. yd. [s/c]."

Gilbert de Middleton also died seised of land in Woolley, West
Swinburn, and Caldstrother, received with his wife, Juliana, one of the three
daughters and coheirs of Nicholas de Swinburne,' who now obtained a third
part of her husband's lands as dower, upon engaging not to marry without the
king's licence.** She did not long remain a widow, but, in 1292, had licence
to marry again, and took as her second husband Sir Aymar de Rotherford.'
Her son's lands in Hartley, subject to her own dower, and other manors of
the total yearly value of fifty marks, were assigned by the king, on August
27th, 1290, to Anthony Bek, bishop of Durham, in return for an engagement
to pay to certain persons in Norway the yearly sum of forty pounds, until
the little Norwegian princess, Margaret, heiress to the kingdom of Scotland
and affianced bride of Edward of Carnarvon, should have attained the age
of fifteen years.'" Margaret's early death, on October 2nd of the same year,
terminated the engagement, and on February 2nd, 1292, the custody of the
lands of Gilbert de Middleton, with the marriage of his heirs, was granted to
William de Felton, afterwards of Edlingham and one of the king's yeomen.''

' Dc Banco Rolls, No. 50. " Marshalsey Rolls, No. I, in Palgrave, Parliamentary Writs, vol. i. p. 205.

^ Marshalsey Rolls, Nos. 2 and 3 ; ibid. pp. 230, 241.

* The order to the escheator to take into the king's hands the lands of Gilbert de Middleton,
deceased, is dated February 15th, 1290. Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. ii. p. 486.

' 'Et dominus inveniet batellas.' The entry is important, as bearing upon the semi-servile character
of the fishing population in the thirteenth century, and finds its parallel at the same period in North
Shields ; see vol. viii. of this work, p. 287.

'• Inq. p.m. C. Edw. I. file 59, No. I ; Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. ii. pp. 486-487.

' See vol. iv. of this work, pp. 275-277. " Cal. Close Rolls, 1288-1296, p. 80.

' See vol. iv. of this work, p. 277 ; Fine Rolls, 20 Edw. I. m. 14.

'° Cal. Pat. Rolls, 12S1-1292, p. 386; Stevenson, Documents Illustrative of the History of Scotland,
vol. i. pp. 178-179.

" Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1281-1292, p. 472. For the history of the Felton family see vol. vii, of this
work, pp. 107-122.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP.

105

The subsidy rolls for Hartley in 1296 and 131 2 show a considerable
population of prosperous inhabitants. They do not include the names of
the Lady Juliana or of her son, who perhaps resided at West Swinburn.

Hertlaw Suksidy Roll, 1296.

Siimnia bonoiun

Walteii Steel

unde regi 3

i»

Agnelis Gray

Ricardi filii Gilberti ..

T» '

Radulphi filii Willelmi

Galfridi prepositi

Willelmi filii Walteri ..

))

Willelmi punder

Nicholai Frere

)»

Willelmi Bateman

•7

,, 2

)»

Robert! Kempson

lof

Walteri Wyot ...

„ I

i°i

»>

Rogeri Ackom

Walteri Baret

6?,

)»

Willelmi Serill

" 3

»i

Robert! fili! Willelmi ..

)) I

Randulphi Frere

Robert! Kuimlock

3-1

Johannis filii Ada

»>

Johannis Bateman

1 1

„ I

Willelmi fili! Radulphi

»*

Johannis Serill

)' I

Summa

hujus

villae, ^26 IS. 6d. ; unde
Herthlawe Subs

domino regi,
IDY Roll, i;

£2
12.

7s.

5d.' Probatur.

Summa bonoriim Rogeri filii Radulphi .

unde regi 1 1

Agnetis vidue

. ... 2

)»

Radulphi fili! Willelmi

Willelmi fili! Walteri ..

)»

Cristiane vidue

■y

))

Nicholai Frere

»)

Willelmi Bateman

" 5

»»

Robert! fabris

1 1

!> I

Robert! Felaw

>, 4

)»

Johannis de Hertelawe

)i I

Robert! Knobloke

Thome Jol!

Willelmi Grome

>i 1

Galfridi prepositi

i> 3

Willelmi prepositi

»»

Johannis filii Walteri ..

•! 5

i»

Rogeri Actorn ...

„ 4

Summa bonorum totius ville de Hertelawe, ^39 6s. 2d

' Lay Subsidy Roll,

unde regi, 78s. 7|d. Probatur
- Ibid, i j£.

VOL. IX,

I06 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Gilbert de Middleton II. was born on August ist, 1279, and con-
sequently attained the age of twenty-one in 1300. He was initiated into a
soldier's life in August of that year, when he served in the king's army in
Scotland as squire to his old guardian, Sir William de Felton. ' Nothing
further is heard of him for thirteen years. He was then, in 13 13, one of the
captains of the garrison of Berwick-upon-Tweed," from which position he
rose to be a warden of the marches, and was entrusted with the custody of
Mitford castle by Aymar de Valence.^

The years that followed were the most disastrous that ever befell the
northern border. Continual Scottish invasions forced the men of Tynedale
and Redesdale from their allegiance to England. ' Scarce a soul,' in the
words of a monkish chronicler, ' dared to live in Northumberland, unless
it was near to some castle or v^^alled town.' For fifteen years the county
remained desolate, without human life, ' abandoned to beasts of prey.'^ Adam
de Swinburne, sheriff of Northumberland in 131 7, ventured to inform his
sovereign as to the state of the marches, and did not choose his words too
carefully, but spoke to the point. Edward II. laid him under arrest. So at
least ran the tale told by Sir Thomas Gray of Wark.'*

Swinburne was kinsman to Gilbert de Middleton on his mother's side,
and the news of his arrest decided Middleton to break his fealty and to
head revolt. He pledged himself to win Northumberland for the Scots.
Perhaps he meditated reviving in his own person that semi -independent
earldom of which memories still lingered.*^ The Middletons and Swinburnes
accepted him as their leader ; the Mauduits of Eshot, and many other of
the smaller gentry of the county, discredited officials, condemned felons
and Scottish adventurers, flocked to his standard. News of an act of rare
audacity suddenly startled the kingdom, and came as the first intimation
that insurrection had broken out.

Edward II. had lately forced the convent of Durham to accept as
bishop his wife's kinsman, the courtly Lewis de Beaumont. ' He was of

' Liber Quotidianus Contrarotulatoris Gardcrohac, 28 Edw. I. p. 277.

- Bain, Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. iii. p. 65.

^'Mitteford, cujus castri praefatus Gilbertus erat custos et non dominus.' Graystancs in Hist.
Duiielm. Scyiptiircs Tres, Surl. Soc. No. 9, p. 100.

' Chronica Monastcrii de Mtha, Rolls Series, vol. ii. p. ^2>?>-

' Gray, Scalachronica, ed. Maitland Club, p. 144.

° Trokelaue makes allusion to 'jus cum dominio quod ipse vel fratres sui in comitatu Northumbriae
habere clamitabant.' Aimales, Rolls Series, p. loi.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. IO7

good birth,' a St. Albans historian observed, 'but by no means well-read,
and as is the case with so many Frenchmen, he was lame in both feet.
If the Pope had seen him, he would never have made him bishop.''
Beaumont timed his first visit to his new see to coincide with the journey
northwards of two Roman cardinals, Gauselin and Luca di San Flisco, who
had been sent to England with legatine powers for the negotiation of a
peace between Edward II. and Robert Bruce. The presence of two papal
legates was intended to enhance the splendour of the new bishop's enthrone-
ment, which had been fixed for Sunday, September 4th, that being the
great Durham festival commemorative of the Translation of St. Cuthbert.
On Tuesday, August 31st, the bishop, with his brother, Henry de
Beaumont, constable of Norham castle, and the two cardinals and all
their train, reached Darlington, where they spent the night. There they
received a message from Geoffrey de Burdon, prior of Durham, bidding
them be on their guard against ambush ; but the bishop and his brother
made light of the possibility of attack, saying that the king of Scots dare
not,^ and this was a trick on the part of the prior to interpose obstacles
to the coming consecration. So early next morning, on Wednesday,
September ist, they set out along the road to Durham. They had reached
a point near Rushyford,^ between Woodham and Ferryhill, and in half an
hour Beaumont might expect to get his first view of the towers of his
cathedral. vSuddenly an armed band broke from a neighbouring wood,
headed by Middleton and Walter de Selby. Their business was with the
bishop and not with the cardinals, but some resistance was offered, and
the whole company found themselves at the mercy of these freebooters.
Bags and boxes were rifled.^ No personal violence was offered to the
cardinals ; they were allowed to continue their journey to Durham on foot,
leaving horses and baggage in the hands of their captors ; but Lewis de
Beaumont and his brother Henry were carried off to Mitford castle and

' Walsingham, Historia Anglicann, Rolls Series, vol. ii. p. 364.

- ' Dicentes quod rex Scoliae talia non auderet attemptare.' Graystanes, loc. cit. The suggestion
that Gilbert Middleton was acting in the interests of Robert Bruce is borne out by ."Vdam Murimuth :
' Et per suos schaveldarios marchiae inter .^ngliam et Scociani nee voluit R. le Bruys permittere quod
ipsi cardinales regnum Scociae intrarent.' Continuat'w, Rolls Series, p. 27.

' ' In quadam valle inter Feri et VVodom.' Graystanes in Hist. Dundm. Scriptores Trcs, Surt. Soc.
No. 9, p. 100. In a letter written a week after the event, Edward II. mentioned the occurrence as
having taken place at Hett, a few miles north of Ferryhill (Kotiili ScotUu; Record Com. vol. i. p. 177),
and in a later letter he placed it at Ayclifife, not far from Darlington. Ibiil. p. 179.

* Chronicles oj Edward I. and Edward II. Rolls Series, vol. ii. p. 231 ; Ftorcs Hsitoriarum, Rolls
Series, vol. iii. p. 180.

io8 Earsdon CHAPELRV.

there held to ransom. The Translation of St. Cuthbert drew nearer,
arrived, and passed; and the bishop -elect was still a prisoner; and the
Italian cardinals poured their wrath over the loss of their property upon
the prior of Durham.

All present thought of continuing the embassy into Scotland was aban-
doned ; the cardinals gloomily waited at Durham for the arrival of Thomas,
earl of Lancaster, who was to escort them back to York, and in the interval
pronounced their sentence of excommunication upon the robbers. With
admirable effrontery, Middleton chose this occasion to come to Durham
in order to hav^e speech with Lancaster, entered the cathedral at the head
of his men, and there demanded absolution from the cardinals, whereby
he further enraged them against the monks for suffering this indignity to
be put upon them. Service was proceeding, and the monks kept their
eyes fixed religiously on the ground, and failed to see the intruders whom
they dared not eject.^

Edward IL was then at Nottingham. He at once hurried to York,
where, on September 8th, he held a council and issued orders for a
general muster of forces, to be held on the 19th at that place and at
Northallerton." Two days later he sent the Pope a full account of the
outrage, informing him of the measures taken for the punishment of the
malefactors.^ Prompt action was needed to restore popular confidence in
the strength of the government, and on the 20th it was thought wise to
issue a public proclamation to the effect that such action was being taken.^

Prior Burdon was left with the ungrateful task of collecting so much
of the cardinals' property as could be recovered. He indeed found seven
shillings in the dusty recesses of a little purse,^ and carefully forwarded
them to York, but nothing else had been left that was of sufficient value
to cover the cost of carriage.^

Few as yet knew the name of the daring robber. He was generally
rumoured to be John de Eure, formerly escheator of the northern counties,

' The most detailed account of the robbery of the cardinals is that given by Graystanes, cap. xxxviii.
printed in Trcs Scriptons, pp. loo-ioi.

' RotuU Scotiae, vol. i. pp. 175-177.

' The king's letter is printed from Bishop Bury's Letter Book in Reg. Pal. Duit. Rolls Series, vol. iv.
pp. 394-395, and from the Roman Rolls in Rymer, Foedera, Record Com. vol. ii. pt. i. p. 341.

' Cal. Close Rolls, 1313-1318, p. 568.

^ 'Unam capsulam modicam in qua fuerunt quidam pulveres et septem solidi sterlingorum.'

' Trcs Scriptorcs, pp. cxix-cxxii.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. I6<)

and, on September 30tli, William de Ridell, sheriff of Norlhuniberland,
and Richard de Emeldon, mayor of Newcastle, were instructed to arrest
and imprison Eure and his accomplices upon suspicion.^ But
the name of Middleton soon became renowned. Riding at the
head of his troops with banner displayed," burning and pillag-
ing, he forced the unlucky people who came in his way to
join his standard, or carried them off to Mitford castle, where
he held them up for ransom. Others followed his example ;
Walter de Selby at Horton, and John Quoynt with his com-
panions at Aydon hall,' occupied positions from which they ^DEMmDLETON^
ravaged the surrounding country ; while John de Cleseby
raised insurrection in Richmondshire,* and Annandale in the west and
Cleveland in the south felt the ravages of Middleton and the bandits or
' shavaldores ' who owned his leadership."

•- By the payment of large sums in blackmail the county palatine of
Durham obtained a costly peace," and a ransom suitable to his dignity

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, I3r7-I32i, p. 88. On the other hand Gilbert de Middleton was ah'eady known to
be concerned, as appears from a letter sent on September 12th to Hamo de Felton, rector of Litcham
in Norfolk, ordering him to keep safely the son of Gilbert de Middleton, who was in his custody.
Cal. Close Rolls, 1313-1318, p. 566.

^'Equitando ad modum guerre cum vexiUo suo displicato.' Ahbreviatio Placiionim, Record Com.
p. 329. Middleton's device, quarterly, in the first quarter a stag's head cabossed, appears with the
legend s' gilbert: de medelton, upon his seal attached to two deeds in the Treasury at Durham.
Misc. Cart. Nos. 4,049 and 5,053. His uncle, William de Middleton, bore in the first quarter a cross
patoncee. On the heraldry of the Middleton family see Dendy, Jesmond, pp. 126-127.

^ lidem Johannes (Page and Quoynt) et Galfridus (de la Mare) . . . tenuerunt manerium de
Heydan hall in comitatu Northumbriae tanquain castellum ad opus Gilberti de Middelton contra
gentes patrie et contra pacem domini regis ; ubi fecerunt multas roberias et felonias, depredaverunt
et combusserunt totam patriam circumstantem. . . . Testatum est in curia hie quod idem Johannes
Quoynt indictatus est in comitatu Eboracensi de societate shavaldorum. Coram Rege Rolls, No. 257,
from duke of Northumberland's transcripts.

' Chronicon de Lanercost, Bannatyne Club, p. 234. Patent Rolls in Arch. Ael. ist series, vol. iii. p. 56.

*'Y cesti Gilbert . . . chevaucheoit de guere en Cleveland.' Gray, Scalachronica, p. 144. As to
Annandale see the Giiisbroiigh Charlulary, vol. ii. p. 357, quoted above, with other examples of the use
of the term shalvadore, in vol. viii. of this work, p. 86, note 4.

' Three receipts of this period are among the miscellaneous charters in Durham Treasury : (i)
No. 5,053. Receipt given by Gilbert de Middleton for two hundred silver marks paid by the com-
monalty of the bishopric of Durham, by the hands of William de Denum, temporal chancellor ; dated at
Mitford, October 12th, 1317 ; printed by Hodgson, Northuinbcrlaiui, pt. ii. vol. i. p. 360, note. (2)
No. 4,581. Receipt given by .Adam de Swinburne for one hundred silver marks from the collectors of
Peter's pence at Durham, in part payment of the sum of one thousand marks; dated December 6th,
1317 ; printed by Hodgson, ibid. p. 214, note. (3) No. 4,049. Receipt given by Gilbert de .Middleton
for two hundred and fifty marks ; dated at Mitford, December 14th, 1317. This last is as follows :

Pateat universis per praesentes quod ego, Gilbertus de Midilton, recepi de communitate episcopatus
Dunelmensis ducentas et quinquaginta marcas in perpacacione quingentarum marcarum de quibus
fecerunt finem meum pro quadam transgressione michi facta ; de quibus quidem quingentis marcis
praedictam communitatem acquieto per praesentes. In cujus rei testimonium praesentibus sigillum
meum apposui. Datum apud Mitteford, die mercurii in crastino sanctae Luciae virginis, anno regni
regis Edwardi filii regis Edwardi undecimo.

I 10 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

released Bishop Beaumont from Mitford castle.' Middleton neither lacked
money nor supporters. Thomas, earl of Lancaster, who might have crushed
the rebellion, preferred to connive at it, and commenced a private war in
the West Riding against Earl Warrenne. The Scots threatened Berwick
and Wark. Middleton attempted to gain Tynemouth.^ Bamburgh was in
the custody of William de Felton, who had been guardian to Middleton
and had trained him to arms.

Yet the loyalty of the Feltons remained undoubted. One of the
king's first acts on the outbreak of rebellion had been to put John de
Felton in charge of the young Henry de Percy's castle of Alnwick.' It
was a serious blow to the royalist interest when, in the latter part of
November, John de Middleton, brother of the rebel leader, succeeded in
capturing Felton, and released him only upon his engaging to surrender
Alnwick upon a certain date.*

Before the day came, a bold stratagem had entirely changed the
position of affairs. Middleton's foster brother, the younger William de
Felton, with Thomas de Heton, Robert de Horncliff and others, opened
negotiations for ransoming the prisoners in Mitford castle. Part of the
money had been paid, and in the third week of December' Felton and
his friends came to make their final reckoning. Middleton awaited them
in the castle ; his men had gone forth on a foray. The young men told
him that thev had secreted their monev in the village and asked leave
to go out and fetch it. Then, on reaching the castle gates, they turned
on the warders, slew them, and gave admittance to a party of soldiers

' ' Maxima et quasi intolerabilis pecuniae summa;' letter from Edward II. to the Pope, October 28th,
in Rymer, Focchra, vol. ii. pt. i. p. 344.

" See vol. viii. of this work, p. 87.

' Rotuli Scotiae, vol. i. p. 178.

* Recordatur eciam quod idem Johannes (de Middelton) seductive ut seductor cepit dominum
Johannem de Felton, constabularium castri regis de Alnewyk, et ipsum in custodia retinuit, quousque
predictus Johannes de Middelton ipsum Johannem de Felton deliberavit pro tribus ostagiis, sub hac
forma, quod castrum predictum certo die inter eos convento et assesso sibi redderetur, infra quern diem
Johannes de Middelton, simul cum predicto Gilberto fratre suo, captus fuit. Coram Rege Rolls, No. 231,
from duke of Northumberland's transcripts. Sir Thomas Gray's statement {Scalachronica, p. 143J, that
Middelton 'avoit tout Northumbreland a sa covyne, hors pris les chasteaux de Baumburgh, Alnewyk,
et Norham, ou lez ij primers nomez furrount en tretice oue les enemys, Fun par ostages, I'autre par
affinite,' has a foundation in fact, but misleads by its ex.aggeration. Mitford was the only castle of
first-rate importance which fell into Middleton's power. News of the capture of John de Felton reached
the king on or before November 27th, for on that date Henry de Percy was directed to keep Alnwick
castle in his custody until a new keeper should be appointed. Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1317-1321, pp. 56, 61.
On December 6th Felton was again at liberty, and was acting as constable of the castle of Newcastle.
Cal. Close Rolls, 1313-1318, p. 514.

■' Middleton still held Mitford castle on December 14th. bee the receipt of that date quoted above.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. I I I

who were waiting without. Middleton and his brother were surprised
and overpowered, loaded with chains, and carried off to Newcastle, where
the town rabble greeted them according to their kind.'

A few days later Gilbert de Middleton was placed on a vessel in
the port of Tyne. At first the wind prevented a passage over the bar,
and in the interval, Middleton humbled himself in the priory church
of Tynemouth, where he sought pardon for the wrongs he had done to
St. Oswin and the monks. Then the wind shifted to the north. The
ship set sail, but such a tempest blew that the mariners put in at
Grimsby, whence Middleton was brought on horseback to the Tower
of London.^

Walter de Selby still held out with a remnant at Horton pele ;
otherwise the rebellion ended with the capture of its leader. On
January 6th, 131 8, commissions were issued for the arrest of rebels in
Northumberland and Yorkshire.^ Two days later the Northumbrian com-
missioners were instructed to receive into the king's peace all those who
rose in insurrection against him in the county of Northumberland and the
neighbouring parts, and to receive all who, through want of victuals or
by force or fear, were in insurrection and who wished to come into the
king's grace.^

No mercy could be shown to the man who had kidnapped a prince-
bishop and played Robin Hood with the Pope's cardinals.^ It was January
2 1st when Middleton reached London." On Thursday the 26th he was
brought before the king at Westminster to have sentence of death passed
upon him. That same day he was dragged at horses' tails to his execu-
tion ; was hanged, drawn, and quartered. His head was set up in the city,
and the poor remains of his body were exposed to view in Newcastle,
York, Bristol, and Dover.' His brother, John de Middleton, was likewise
attainted and met the same fate of hanging and drawing.^

' ' Juxta merita ab incolis admittitur.' ^ Trokelovve, Annates, pp. loo-ioi.

' Cat. Pat. Rutts, 1317-1321, p. 99.

' Ibid. p. 71. A list of pardons granted under this commission is to be found ibitt. pp. 117, 213.

' See the Mahnesbury monk's Viin Edwardi Secundi in Clivonicles of Edward I. and Edivard II.
Rolls Series, vol. ii. pp. 331-233, for the heinousness of this offence.

'Annates Paulini in Clironictes of Edward I. and Edward II. vol. i. p. 281.

■ The record of the trial is given in Abbreviaiio Ptacitoruni, Record Com. pp. 329-330; Hodgson,
Nortlnimberlaiid, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 355.

* See the contemporary inquisition quoted in vol. iv. of this work, p. 278,

112 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

' So,' wrote a monastic chronicler, ' ended a year that was barren of
every crop but misery, when Northumberland, wasted by the Scots and
reduced to poverty by its own outlaws, lay between the hammer and
the anvil.' '

Ransoms and plunder had swelled Gilbert de Middleton's personal
estate to the large sum of ;^2,6i5 i2s. 4d. Besides a toft and ten acres
of land in Caldstrother, worth 5s. 46., he held the manor of Brereden
and the moiety of the vill of Hartley, which were extended as follows :

Survey of Middleton's lands in Hartley, September iqth, 1318.

£ s. d.
120 acres of arable demesne at lod. an acre
12 acres of meadow demesne at 2s. 6d. an acre ...
One windmill ...
A coal mine
Rent of a brew-house
loi husbandlands at 20s. each
10 cottages with tofts and crofts at 3s. each
7 cottages at IS. 6d. each

Sum

£22 16

Juliana de Moriley, mother of Gilbert de Middleton, was still alive,
and held a third part of her late husband's lands in dower. Though more
specific in its details, the survey does not differ materially from that taken
twenty-seven years earlier. It contains, however, the earliest known
mention of Brereden, a manor-house or fortified dwelling, built, in all
probabilitv, by the Middletons, of which all trace has vanished, though
the name survives in that of Brierdean farm. Brereden may be assumed
to have occupied a site near the present homestead, where the dene is
crossed by a field-road leading from Monkseaton to Hartley.'

Those who had taken part in the capture of Gilbert de Middleton
were rewarded, on January 30th, 131 8, by charges on the Exchequer, to
be made to them until such time as they had received grants of equivalent

' Walsingham, Historia Anglicaiia, Rolls Series, vol. ii. p. 153. The facts relating to the life of
Gilbert de Middleton are collected in Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. i. pp. 360-362. For further
details relating to the rebellion see Bates, Northumberland, pp. 156-160. The personnel of the revolt, as
shown by later grants of forfeited estates, has been examined in Arch. Ael. ist series, vol. iii. pp. 51-75.

" Inq. ad quod damnum, 12 Edw. II. No. 58 (old numeration).

' The last mention of the old hall, or, more probably, the earliest reference to the farm which
superseded it, is to be found in Sir Ralph Delaval's estate book, under the date of 1613, where it is
termed Bryerden house. Marquis of Waterford's MSS. Briadon-burn-house is given in an eighteenth
century colliery plan, in the library of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries, as the name of a building
on the left bank of the burn, a little to the south of Hartley South farm.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. II3

value out of Middleton's lands and tenements.' The value of the whole
property fell short of anv one of the charges granted to the three
principal captors, one of whom, Thomas de Heton, applied at the parlia-
ment held at York in February, 13 19, for a gift of Middleton's entire
estates.^ These were settled on him and his heirs male, on February 15th,
together with the reversion of Juliana de Moriley's interest.' On July
1 6th, 1334, after the demise of that lady, the reversion took effect, but
there still remained over a balance of j^^io 5s. 4d. yearly, for which
Heton had received no satisfaction in land.*

Hertlaw Subsidy Roll, 1336.

Johannes Watterson, 14s. 4d. ; Rogerus filius Ranulphi, 7s. 4d. ; Johannes Snype, Ss.; Robertus
filius Nicholai, 5s. 4d. ; Adam Punder, 3s. 4d. ; Gilbertus filius Willelmi, 4s. id. ; Willelmus filius
Walter!, is. ; Henricus filius Roberti, 2s. 2d. ; Johannes Hogday, gd. ; Rogerus filius Alicia, 3s. 6d. ;
Willelmus Arvays, is. 4d. Summa, 51s. 2d.*

Thomas de Heton also acquired the manor of Chillingham, which,
with Hartley and Brereden, he granted by deed of settlement dated April
gth, 1329, to his son John and to the heirs of his body ; with successive
remainders in tail to his other children, Alan, Thomas and Isabella.^ John
de Heton died without issue ; whereupon Thomas de Heton, the father,
in 1335 created a fresh entail, devising to his son, Thomas de Heton H.,
the estates comprised in the earlier settlement, and to Alan de Heton lands
in Hethpool and Doddington, together with half the manor of Lowick.
The new deed contained cross remainders, and was made subject to the
feoffer's life interest.^ However, as no such reservation had been made
in the deed of 1329, Alan de Heton had acquired, upon the death of his

' Cat. Pat. Rolls, 131 7-1 321, p. 75.

- A nostra seigneur la roi et a son conseil prie Thomas de Heton qe, come par avisement da son
conseil il lui graunta cynkaunt mars a prendre de an en an taunqa il li eit done cynkaunte marches des
terres qe furent a mons. Gilbert de Middelton, pur la prise le dit mons. Gilbert et pur le service qe il ad
fait pur noslre seigneur le roi en la guerr' d'Escoce, les queles terras sont estendues a ^27 et I'estent
retourne an la chaunceller' par bref le roi, qe il pleisa a nostra seigneur le roi et a son conseil comaundar
qe le dit Thomas eit la chartre le roi de les dites terres pur li at pur ses heires en guerdour de son
dit service et pur le graund meschief qe il ad soeffart pur nostra seigneur la roi.

Endorsed. Placet regi [ut habeat] terram suam de terra ilia pro sa et heradibus suis masculis de
corpora suo, ita quod axnunc moretur in obsequio regis per ubi dominus rax velit moram assignari ad
standum in obsec|uio suo ; et ad donacionem et concessionem istam consenciunt omnes de consilio suo.
Iiiq. lid quod damnum, 12 Edw. II. No. 58.

'Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1317-1321, pp. 310-31 1. ' Ibid. 1 330- 1334, p. 565.

' Lay Subsidy Roll, iffi.

' County Placita, Northumberland, roll 175. The names of Robert da Maners, John de Heselryg
and William de Boyham occur among the witnesses to the deed.

' Ffft of Fines, Edw. III. Nos. 48 and 49.
Vol. IX. - 15

]I4 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

elder brother, a legal claim as against his father to seisin of Chillinghani,
Hartley and Brereden, and had this allowed to him in 1345 in the Court
of King's Bench. In 1352 the case was called up upon a writ of certiorari
to the Court of Chancery/ where further proceedings appear to have taken
place resulting in a re-division of the estates, for in an inquisition taken upon
the death of Thomas de Heton the elder in the following year, deeds of
enfeoffment were produced, showing that the reversion of Hartley and
Brereden belonged to Thomas de Heton H., while that of the other
Heton manors, including Chillingham, fell to Alan de Heton. Thomas
de Heton H., although stated to have been a natural son, was given seisin
of Hartley and Brereden upon fining for entry made without the king's
licence."

Ten cottages in the village of Hartley were then waste and lacked
tenants, a sign of the ravages of the Black Death in this district ; and it
was doubtless the scarcity of agricultural labour which now prompted
Heton to lease his demesne to the ten customary tenants of the manor.
By so doing he doubled his profit on the demesne, and, by relieving the
husbandrv tenants from labour services, he was able to increase the rent
of each husbandland. This had stood at twentv shillings in 1318 ; it had
sunk to a mark by 1353, but by 1362 had risen again to twenty-two shillings.

Surveys of Thomas de Heton's Lands in Hartley, 1353 and 1362.''

Description of Property.

120 acres of arable demesne

10 acres of meadow demesne ...

10 husbandlands ...

15 cottages

Windmill

Sum ^11 16 3 ... ^19 3 10

William de Heton, great-grandson of the original grantee, died under
age on September 22nd, 1401, leaving three sisters and co-heiresses, Joan,
Elizabeth and Margaret, who partitioned his inheritance. From Joan de
Heton and her first husband, Robert de Rotherford, descended the Rother-

' County Pliicitcj, Northumberland, roll 175.

■ Cal. Close Rolls, 1349-1354, p. 548; Ahbreviat'w RoUdorum Origiualium, Record Com. p. 229 ;
Hodgson, Northumbciiaiid, pt. iii. vol. ii. p. 323.

' Inq. p. m. 27 Edw. HI. pt. i. No. 66 ; and 36 Edvv. HI. pt. i. No. 88. In 1362 both the 120 acres
of demesne and the ten husbandlands are stated to be ' in manibus tenentium ad voluntatem.'

Yearly value.
i s.

1353-
d.

Yearly value, J362,
i s. d.

6 13 4

0 10

.. 6 13

12 0 0

0 10 6

I 6

—

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. I 1 5

fords of Middletoii-hall, near Wooler. Elizabeth de Heton took as her
second husband John Park. Her heir, Roland Park, mortgaged his land in
Hartley and his windmill there for £20 to John Cartington of Cartington,
by deed dated June 8th, 1480.' Cartington's estate became absolute, and
descended through the female line to the Radcliffes of Dilston.

Margaret de Heton was married first to Thomas Middleton of Silks-
worth, second son of Sir John Middleton of Belsay, and secondly to
William Ogle. ° She left issue by her first marriage, and on the death
of William Ogle, in 1479,'' a portion of Gilbert Middleton's lands came
again into the possession of members of the Middleton family. Margaret
de Heton's grandson, the third Thomas Middleton of Silksworth, had an
only daughter, Anne, who married Henry Ruthall of Everton in North-
amptonshire. Henry Ruthall and Anne his wife, who thus became possessed
of a third part of the Heton inheritance, demised the same, in or about
the year 1529, to Gilbert Middleton of Newcastle, younger brother of
Thomas Middleton, in consideration of a yearly payment to them and their
heirs of ^,25 6s. Sd.,"* but retained the fee simple.

' Omnibus hoc scriptum endentatum visuris vel auditiiris, Rolandus Parke, armiger, salulem in
Domino. Sciatis me, prefatum Rolandum, dedisse, etc., Johanni Cartynyton de Cartyngton, arniigero,
illam parcellam tene unacum uno molendino ventritico superedificato in tenitoiio de Hartlawe in
coniitatu Northumbrie ; habendum et tenendum, etc., sub tali tamen condicione : quod quandocunque
ego, prefatus Rolandus, aut heredes meii, solveiimus vel solvi fecerimus prefato Johanni, heredibus aut
assignatis suis, viginti libias legalis monete Anglie, apud castrum de Cartyngton, simul, in uno die, ad
aliquod tempus infra decem annos pro.ximos et inmediate sequentes post datam presencium, ac
eciam omnia onera et pecuniarum summas quas idem Johannes nessessarie faciei pro reparacione et
sustentacione predicti molendini ante solucionem dictarum viginti librarum, si solvantur infra terminum
supradictum, et hoc per visum duorum molendinariorum et duoruni carpentariorum, vocatorum myln'
wryghtes, ad hoc tam per me prefatum Rolandum quam per prefatum Joliannem indiferenter nominan-
dorum ; quod tunc bene licebit niichi prefato Rolando et heredibus meiis in predicto molendino et
terra cum suis pertinenciis reintrare, rehabere et in meo pristino statu possidere, presente carta
endentata in aliquo non obstante, etc. Datum octavo die Junii, anno regni regis Edwardi quarti post
conquestum Anglie vicesimo. Greenwich Hospital Deeds, bundle 86, P.R.O. Hartley, A i.

■Feet of Fines, 22 Hen. VI. No. 10, being settlement of one third of the manor of Chillingham,
one third of a moiety of the vill of Hartley, and one third of lands in liamburgh and elsewhere, upon
William Ogle and Margaret his wife, with reversion to Margaret's right heirs.

' Ogle died on September 12th, 1479, seised of five messuages and sixty acres of land in Hartley,
worth five marks yearly. Inq. />. ni. 20 Edward IV., No. 26.

' ' Be yt notid that Gilbert Middelton hath recoverid all the landes of Syr .-Men Heyton that
perteynid to hys grandam of his brother Thomas' doughter and heyer, payeng to the said heyre
xxv" vj" viij'' by yere'; Tonge's Visitation, Surt. Soc. No. 41, p. 35. On August 20th, 1529, Gilbert
Middleton of Newcastle, merchant, and Robert Brandling of the same place, merchant, gave bond in a
thousand marks to Henry Ruthall, the condition being to keep covenants contained in a pair of
indentures dated August 16th, 1529, between the said Gilbert Middleton of the first part and the said
Henry Ruthall and Anne his wife of the second part ; Walbran's MSS. : Library of the Dean and
Chapter of Durham.

ii6

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

HETON, MIDDLETON, AND RUTHALL OF HARTLEY.

Arms : Heton, guks {or vert), a lion rampant within a hordure engrailed argoit. Northern Roll of Arms in Arch. Ael. third
series, vol. ii. pp. I^ii-ITI.
Middleton, quarterly, I and 4, quarterly gules and or, in the first quarter a cross patoncee argent, for Middlelon ;
2, vert, three lions rampant argent, for Heton ; 3, salde, crusilh of crosses crosslet fi tehee and three covered cups
«;-^^k/, for Strivelyn. Molln, De vande si j'e puis. Tonge's Visitation.
RulhM, party per pale azui e and gules, a cross engrailed between four doves or, collared sable ; on a chief quarterly or
and ermine two roses gules. Arms ascribed to Bishop Ruthall in Parliamentary Roll.

Thomas DE Heton 'fitz bastard,' natural son of Thomas de Heton of Hartley and Chillingham («), who == Joan (^Fine
died 30th January, 1352/3 ; succeeded to Hartley under settlement made by his father; also held a
moiety of Hethpool ; died nth August, 1362 ; inquisitions taken at Alnwick, i6th October, 1362 (a) (_/nq.
p.m. 36 Edw. HI. pt. i. No. 88), and at Morpeth, 6th November, 1385 {^Inq.p.m. 8 Ric. H. No. 19).

Rolls, 49
Edw. HI.
m. 12).

Thomas de Heton,
born 8th Septem-
ber, 1351 ; died
s.p. under age
{a) ; inquisition
taken 4th October
1363 {a).

Sir Henry de Heton, knight, succeeded to Hartley :
on the death of his brother (a), and to Chilling-
ham on the death of his kinsman. Sir Alan de
Heton ; died 25th October (or 1st November).
1399; inquisitions taken at .Alnwick, 23rd Feb-
ruary, 1399/1400, and at Newcastle, 23rd April,
1400 (a) 0nq. p.m. I Hen. IV. No. 4).

William de Heton
{a), aged si.v
years and more
at Easter, 1399 ;
died 22nd Sep-
tember, 1401 ;
inquisition taken
at Morpeth,
26th March,
1404 (/«y. p.m.
5 Hen. IV. No.
18).

Joan, born at Chil-
lingham, 1st Aug.,
1389 (,Inq. p.m. 8
Hen. IV. No. 82) ;
married before 26th
March 1404, Robert
de Rotherford, and
secondly, before
llth November,
1424, Thomas Lil-
burn of West

Lilburn. j
4^

Elizabeth, born at
Chillingham,
13th September,
I ;gi (/«?. p.m.
S'Hen. IV. No.
82) ; married be-
fore 25th June,
1407, William
Johnson, and
secondly, before
nth Nov., 1424,
John Parke. I

sabel, daughter and heiress of Sir Bertram
de Monboucher ; was married, secondly,
to Robert Harbottle of Preston, and died
23rd October, 1424, leaving issue by
both marriages ; incjuisition taken at New-
castle, nth November, 1424 (/«y. p.m.
5 Hen. VI. No. 40).

Margaret, born at =
Chillingham, 13th
Jan., 1394/5 {_Inq.
p.m. 12 Hen. IV.
No. 47) ; married
before loth April,
1422, Thomas Mid-
dleton ((i), and se-
condly, before June,
1444, William Ogle
(/vf/ of Fines, 22
Hen. VI. No. 10).

Thomas Middleton, second
son of Sir John Middleton
of Belsay (</), by Chris-
tiana his wife, grantees of
Sir John de Strivelyn (^) ;
conveyed to his brother. Sir
John Middleton, a moiety
of Belsay in e.xchange
for a third part of the
manor of Silksworth, lOth
.'\pril, 1422 (i) (c) ; buried
at Bishopwearmoulh.

Thomas Middleton of Silksworth, son and heir (Ji) (rf), made entail of Hartley = Eleanor, daughter of Roland Tempest of

and other property in Northumberland, 20th June, 147; (c) ; died nth March,
1480; inquisitions taken at Sadberge and Bishop .Auckland, 27th September, 1480
(^Durham Inq. p.m. portfolio 167, Nos. 29 and 31), and at .Alnwick, I2th June,
14S0 {^Inq.p.m. 20 Edw. IV. No. 9).

Holmeside (</); living a widow in 1483,
when she had a grant of the marriage
and wardship of her son (35M Deputy
Keeper s Report, p. 142).

Alice,
daughter of
Ralph Wy-
cliffe of
Wycliffe,
died s.p.
id).

Thomas Middleton of Silks- :
worth, son and heir {b)
(d), was sixteen years of
age in 1480; died 12th
.August, 1512 ; inquisition
taken at Durham, 6th Sep-
tember, 1 512 (1^), and at
Morpeth, 21st .April, 1513
{Inq. p.m. 4 Hen. VIII.
No. 134).

.\nne,
dau. of
John
Wake-
field
(,d).

\
William Middleton
(f/), received a
share in his
father's personal
estate, 14th De-
cember, 1479 (0-

I
Gilbert Middleton, was thirty
years of age in 1512, when
he succeeded to Silksworth
under the entail of 1422 if) ;
mayor of Newcastle in 1530,
in which year he entered his
pedigree {d).

Alice, dau.
of Thomas
Riddell of
Newcastle

GO-

Elizabeth, Margaret, Isabel, all living in 1479 (c).

Anne, daughter and heir, born 8th March, 1507/S (fi) ; succeeded to Hartley,-
and to Consett and Elstob in the county of Durham {b) ; married before 1 6th
August, 1529, Henry Ruthall, and subsequently, .Arthur Longueville (rf) of
Wolverton, Bucks (/) ; buried at Wolverton, 2Sth February, 1566 (/).

Richard Ruthall of Wolverton, Bucks, and some time of Lillingston Lovell,
Oxon., son and heir, entered his pedigree in 1575 (<•).

Henry Ruthall of Everton, Northants,
second son of Richard Ruthall of
Moulsoe, Bucks, and nephew of Thomas
Ruthall, bishop of Durham (<•).

; Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Butgoyne of
Watton at Stone, Herts (e).

Henry Ruthall, son and heir, died s.p. (/). George Ruthall, succeeded to his father's lands ; resident in London in 1600.

(a) Inq. ad quod damnum, I Hen. IV. No. 6.
(J)) Durham Inq. p.m. portfolio 173, No. 54.
(c) Silksworth deeds.

(rf) Tonge's Visitation of the Northern Counties, IjSO-
{/) Harvey's Visitation of Buckinghamshire, 1575-
(/) Herald and Genealogist, vol. vi., p. jo.

hartley township. iij

Hartley in the Sixteenth Century.

The windmill, mentioned in a legal record of 1283 as well as in
subsequent extents of the Middleton moiety, stood in the village of
Hartley, where it is shown in Greenvile CoUins's chart of 1698.' It was
not the only mill in the manor, for, as mentioned above, the prior and
convent of Tvnemouth had a mill here which had fallen out of use in
12)77 ■ The water mill in Holywell dene, now called Hartley mill, was
then reckoned as belonging to Seaton Delaval township.

Coal was worked in both portions of the manor as early as the
thirteenth century, probably on the seashore and along the outcrops
running north and south from the Brierdean dyke. The right of working
coal was a royalty carefully guarded by the lord of the manor. A bye-
law passed in the manor-court in 1560 provided 'that no man shall
herafter work eny ground under the hughe for coles,' and in 1564 the
tenants were restricted from buying any coal except from the lord's pits.'

Salt was manufactured in early times at the mouth of the Seaton
burn, as appears from the ancient name of Salters' peth given to the road
leading inland from Hartley.' William de Whitchester, who died in 1408,
held a ' salt-cote ' in the manor of Seaton Delaval, of which, as well as of a
moiety of the township of Hartley, he enfeoffed William Badby, Thomas
Persbrygg, chaplain, and William Collanwode, without obtaining the king's
licence. ■* The Mardle-dene pans are mentioned in a bounder of Hartley

' Greenvile Collins, Great Britain's Coasting Pilot, pt. ii.

- Hartky Court Rolls. The rolls for 1485-1504 are among the marquis of Waterford's MSS. at Ford
castle; those for i 559-1 570 are included among the Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle
Society of Antiquaries, but neither series is complete. From 1578 onwards a single court was held for
Hartley and Seaton Delaval. No court rolls are known to exist for the periods 1505-155S or 1571-1577.

"The road crossed the Brierdean burn into Earsdon township by the Salters' ford, called in 1570
the Fishers' ford. Reference is made to it in an enactment of the manor court in 15SS, 'that none of the
fishers of Hartley nor any other shall ryde or make common way throughe Whitchever and Breerden
feilds inclosed to Newcastell, but shall kcpe the accustomed highe street and usuall waie frome Hartley,
sub pena iij' iiij''.' Seaton Delaval Court Rolls. .See also above, p. 77.

' Miscellaneous Inquisitions, Chancery, file 288. This inquisition, taken at Morpeth on May 22nd,
1410, was consequent upon the following petition presented in Chancery : A tres graciouse Chaunceller
d'Engletere, suppliount humblement Roger de Fulthorp esquier et Elizabeth sa feme, que, come
William Whitchestre, iadis baroun du dit Elizabeth, fust seise de la quart partie de la seignurie de
Hertlawe et d'un meason appelle saltkot en la ville de Hertlawe, et de mesmez celle quart partie et
meason le dit William enfeffa vn Thomas Percebryge chapeleyn, a tielle entent pur enfeoffer le dit
Elizabeth a terme de sa vie de mesme la quart partie del meason suisditz apres la mort de dit William,
lez queux Roger et Elizabeth sa feme sovent foitz ount requis le dit Thomas pur faire le dit feoffament
a dit Elizabeth solonque I'entent du dit William, et il faire ne voillet ne vnquor ne voet ; que pleise
a vous, tres gracious seignurie, considerer la myscheif suisdit, et examiner le dit Thomas en la dite
matere, et de luy charger de faire ceo que reson et ley demaundount, solonque vostre tres haul
discression, pur Dieu et en overe de charite. Early Chancery Proceedings, bundle 69, No. 85.

Il8 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

taken in 1573, where the occurrence of the name shows that Mardle or
Merkel was the original appellation of Holywell dene,' and were described
by Sir Robert Delaval in 1601 as having been occupied by him and his
ancestors time out of mind for the manufacture of white salt, both for land
sale and for coasting trade. ^

Hartley was primarily a fishing community. As early as 1291, the
profits of the haven formed a considerable item in the income of Gilbert
de Middleton. It is stated in the same record that the lord of the manor
provided the fishing boats, probably in return for a payment in kind.
During the sixteenth century the maintenance of cobles in good repair was
enforced by enactments in the manor court. Thus in 1560 ' yt ys ordenid
that every master of cobles shall at al tymes meynteyne their cople, ores,
and all thyngs apperteyning to the seid copies opon peyne of every ore
and other necessaries iiij''.' ' Licence was required for in-shore fishing.''
The division of the catch between the fisherman and the lord of the manor
was regulated by custom ; in 1580 it was ordered 'that no fisher do carie
awaie in his lynes any mo fishe then ys due and haith bene accustomed, sub
pena x' every coble.' ^ The lord's ' coble-share ' or portion of each catch,
was delivered by the fishermen on landing to an oflScer appointed for the
purpose,' and was subsequently disposed of to fish-dealers.'

' In 15S8 the tenants of Hartley were presented 'for not sendinge to the lord's work, viz., to helpe
upp with a salt-panne.' Scatoii Delaval Court Rolls. Theie were five owners of salt pans in Hartley in
1 599-1601, but their number had been reduced to four by 1605 ; ibid.

- Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries. ^ Hartley Court Rolls.

' It was ordered in 1580 ' that none of the fishers in Hartley shall shutl there lynes by the shore-sid
without licenz, pena vj''.' Scaton Delaval Court Rolls.

'In 1 588 'Roberte Myller, Roberte Browne, Roberte .Arthur, and Mawnes Browne ar sworne
in open courte before the lord of the said court that neither they nor anye of there conipanye at any
tyme hereafter shall beare or carrie, or cause to be borne or caried, frome ye cobles to there howses mo
lyne fishes in there lynes or swilles then are due and right for them, upon payne of x' for everye coble yf
they or any of them be found culpable.' Ibid.

° Yt ys ordered and paine laid that none of the fishers shall geve any evill speaches or raile to
th' officer or taker up of the fische at the sea-stones, sub pena \\'f. Ibid. 1583.

"This is exemplified by a lease dated February 19th, 1576/7, by which Robert Delaval granted
to Robert Lewin, merchant, to Thomas Wigham, yeoman, and to Mark Armstrong, skinner, all of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the right of his cobles at Hartley for four years, excepting such cobles as he
should take for the provision of his house. The lessees agreed to pay monthly on all fish that they
received, two pence for every score of small fish, as codling, haddock and whiting ; one shilling for every
great fish, as turbot, ling, chiUings and sturgeon ; and likewise one shilling for every skate. They were
to be ready at all times at the landing-place of the cobles in Hartley, and there to receive the foresaid
coble-shares. Delaval covenanted to pay them yearly 4,500 small fish, all skates under the \alue of
fourpence, and all the thorn-backs which should fall to his coble-share, and engaged not to make choice
of all the best and principal fish for the provision of his house, but equally and indiflerently to take the
same by share at the landing-place, as they should be first divided and allotted to him. Marquis
of Waterford's MSS. Afterwards the fishing came to be let out and out. In 1634 the fishing of five
cobles is entered as having been let at £-,°- An inventory of the goods of Sir Ralph Delaval, taken
in 1629, includes six cobles with oars, valued at ^3 each. Ibid.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. II9

Regulations concerning the management of the common fields figure
largely on the Hartley court-rolls, from which the following extracts are
taken :

Extracts from Hartley Court Rolls.

1492-1493. Pain laid that the ditches shall be duly dug ; pain of I2d.

1493-1494. That no one put any beasts out of the care of the servants ; pain of i2d.

1494- 1495. That no cottager keep pigs or geese outside his house ; pain of 3s.

1497-149S. That no tenant in future plough land within the green field ; pain of I2d. That they
do not keep any beast beyond their stint ; pain of I2d. That they do not come with more beasts
on the feast of St. Michael the Archangel than they can keep on the ox-pasture.

1499-1500. That no tenant keep a bee-hive in the town of Hartley ; pain of 3s. 4d.

1 500-1 501. That all tenants who have pigs that rout put thcni out of the banks at the feast of
Purification ; pain of 6s. Sd.

1501-1502. It is ordered by general assent that no tenant plough any land on the south side of
Brerden until all the said tenants are collected there, and an agreement come to as to the said land,
under pain of 3s. 4d. That no one plough on the 'owt-weys' under pain of I2d. That every tenant
keep his beasts according to their course, namely, for one beast one day course, two courses for two
beasts, etc. : pain of 6d. That all who have sheep keep their course, namely, for ten sheep one day ;
pain of 6d. That no one put geese outside the town before the feast of St. Hilary ; pain of I2d.

1 502-1503. That any cattle taken pasturing within the balks or within the o.x pasture pay to the
lord 1 2d. so often as it occurs. That whoever night-lairs shall pay the lord 4d. That every tenant
henceforward shall make his back-front and fore-front.

1561. 'Yt ys ordenid that no man shall gyve in tyme of hervyst no sheaves untyl the corn be inned.'

1564. 'Yt ys ordenyd that every tennante of this maner shall make their dyke betwene Hartley and
Halywell every eyght dayes, to be forseyn by the baylyfif and others ; that every tennante shall every
nyght take in their swyne at nyght nyghtly ; and that no man shall hereafter cut eny quynes of
Brandeley's more ; and also that every of the seid tennants shall at no tyme herafter goo frome the
lord's mylne with their corne.'

1567. 'It ys ordenid that every tennante shall leave between lennd and lend {i.e., rigg) of a
foote brode. Yt ys ordenyd that no man herafter shall kepe no seabed nags. Yt ys presented that
the inhabitants hathe wrongfully eten a moneth gressyng in the new closse and Breardon, contrary the
custome of this towne.'

Other bye-laws passed in the manorial court are of the nature of
police regulations. Football was forbidden in 1500, under the heavy pain
of 6s. 8d. fine. The sale of beer was restricted to licensed victuallers,
who each paid 3s. 4d. yearly for ' brew-farm '. No beer might be brewed
except with malt bought from the lord of the manor, or sold except in
measures sealed by the ale-tasters. Persons of bad character were expelled
from the township,* while care was taken to guard against the escape of
criminals by an order made in 1559 'that non of the iiij coble-masters
shall at no tyme herafter shvpe no tnan without licence of the lorde of
this manor, upon payne of vj' viij''.' The lord of the manor saw to the

' Yt ys ordenyd by the jure that all women of mysdemeyner shalbe avoydid out of the town before
the fest of the Purificacion of our Lady. Hartley Court Rolls, 1561.

I20 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

due peformance of watch and ward; thus in 1564 ' yt ys ordenyd that
every tennant shalbe able in horse and gere frome tyme to tyme to serve
the quene's majestic before the fest of All Seynt, opon peyne of vj' viij'V
Watch, in accordance with regulations drawn up in 1552, was kept nightly
by two of the inhabitants of Hartley at a place called the coll-dores,'
probably at some point on Holywell dene.

On the subject of religious foundations the court-rolls are silent, but
there is known to have been a chapel in medieval times on the little
rock called the Bates, a miniature Lindisfarne, made island by each high
tide. The chapel was dedicated to St. Helen ; its erroneous ascription
to St. Mary being perhaps due to traditions of the Lady-light, also called
St. Katherine's light, which was burnt within it. The light had an endow-
ment of five shillings rent, and was perhaps burnt continuously, though
whether for devotional or for humanitarian reasons is doubtful. A light-
house, built upon the rock in 1898 by the Trinity House of London,^ has
destroyed all traces of St. Helen's chapel, of which the ruins were still
traceable within living memory. As late as 1680 interments were made in
a graveyard attached to the chapel,^ 'ind numerous remains were uncovered
in the course of constructing St. Mary's lighthouse and were removed to
the churchyard of Seaton Delaval.

Less is known regarding the site of St. Ninian's hermitage in Merkell,
now Holywell, dene, which was leased by John Delaval on October 30th,
1497, to John Reid, yeoman, for life.'' In 1500 the hermitage was again
leased by John Delaval to Robert Coward, for the death of whose father
Delaval was in some way responsible.'

' Nicolson, Leges Marchiarum, p. 290.

- A description of this lighthouse is given by Mr. B. Morton in History of the Berifickshire Natunilists'
Club, vol. xvii. pp. 72-75.

' 1603 : A poore woman of Hartely called Mallye, the lord of S[eaton] Delavale fish-carrier, buried
att St. Ellen churchyard nere the sea, September Slh. 1680 : James Harvie of Heartilie buried at ye
Bateshill within ye wals of ye chappell, April 24th. Earsdon Registers.

' Johannes de le VVaylle, ejusdem dominii de le VVaylle in comitatu Northumbrie, armiger, dedi,
diniisi, etc., meo dilecto in Christo oratori, Johanni Reid, yeinan, totum meum herimitagium, sicut jacet
in le Merkyl-den, etc. ; quod cjuidem heremitagium est fundatum in honorem beati Niniani confessoris et
episcopi ; habendum et tenendum, etc., pro termino vite sue in futuro durante, etc. Datum penultimo
die mensis Octobris et anno regni regis Henrici septimi, etc., tercio decimo. Waterford Charters, No. 52.

^ Johannes Delavall, nuper de Seton Delavale in comitatu Northumberlandie armiger, xx™" die
mensis Julii anno regni regis Henrici vij'"' xvj"'", vi et armis, videlicet gladio baculo et cultello, in
Edwardum Cowarde de Blithisnuke apud Blithisnuke in comitatu Northumberlandie insultum fecit, et
ipsum Edwardum adtunc et ibidem verberavit vulneravit et felonice interfecit et murdravit contra pacem
domini regis. Inq.p.m. 21 Henry VII., C. vol. 19, No. 4. Either the jurors were mistaken as to the date
and the name of the murdered man, or Delaval lield himself free to take action against other members of
the family.

_1
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HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. 121

This indentiir, made the xv' day off July in the yere of the reynge off oiier soverainc loid kynge
Herri' the vij"' xv'"", between Sur Rawff Herbottell, knyght, John Mittfurth, esquier, Robert Ogle' and
Willam Lawson the eldre, gentilmen, on the oon party, and Robert Coward and Alison Coward, widewe,
late the wiff of Willam Coward dissesyd, on the other party, wittnesseth that it is finally agreid and
determynyd be both the parties abovesaid forr all manor of accions, etc., afore mevid doon orr made to
be doon be John Delavale of Seton Delavale, esquier, orr any off his ffreyndes orr off his company att
any tymes paste, etc., to the said Robert and Alison orr any othre to thame belonginge for evirmore
undir this agremente and condicions folowinge. Firste itt is agreid be the said partes that a preiste sail
say messe weykely forr the saull off the foresaid Willam Coward att the propre costes and expenses off
the said John Delavale his hiers orr his assingnes unto the ende and terme of vij"' yere be fully completid
and enditt. Also itt is agreid be the said parties that the above namyd Robert Coward sail have holde
and occupy the office off the armitage of Saint Rynyane" in Merkelldeene as armett, with all maner of
dewtes, profetts and commodities in lyke maner and forme as othir armetts has had afore tymes,
duringe the terme of the liff off the said Robert. Also it is agreid be the said parties that the above
namyd Alison, wiff of the said Willam dissesyd, sail have yerely an annuall rente off xvj' viij'' to be
appoyntid and assyngnyd be the said John Delavale off his lifelode duringe the terme of his liff, to
be payd at Wittsunday and Martingemesse be evin porcions. Also itt is agreid be the said partes that
the foresaid Alison sail have off the foresaid John Delavale a cotage hows with a garth belongynge to the
same. Also it is agreid be the said partes that the said Alison sail have yerely the gyrsinge off the
said John Delavale for x.\'' yowes and two kye in sommer season, and in wynter season the said kattell
to be pasturyd and gyrsyd att the charge and coste off the above namyd Willam Lawson, and soo yerely
to continewe durynge the terme off hirr liff, with a futhir off haye yerely to be resavid of Robert Ogle of
Halywell duringe the terme abovesaid. And also the said John Delavale sail geve als mykyll gyrsynge
to the said Robert Coward as will fynd a sniawll nagg horse yerely continuynge the terme abovesaid.
And 'att all thes condicions convencions and commands comprehenditt in thes indentures sal be well
and trewly kepyd uppon both the partes, als well the said Robert and Alison as the foresaid Sir Rawff
Herbottell, etc., to the parties off this indenture interchangeably has putte there seales, the day and yere
above reheresyd.'

A survey of Richard Ruthall's lands, taken in or about the year
1573, shows that six hundred acres, or nearly one half of the township,
was common pasture. This lay in part to the north of a newly enclosed
piece of land called the New close, and also in Brereden, Brandlevs
moor, West moor, and on both sides of the burn. Three husbandry tenants
and three cottagers held land of Richard Ruthall at will. Particulars of
their holdings are as follow :

' Robert Ogle of Holywell, whose identity cannot otherwise be established, went bail to the king in
1491-1492 for the good behaviour of Robert Widdrington of Swinburn to the bishop of Durham.
^bth Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 56.

'■^ ' Seynte Ninian, otherwise callede of commune peple Seynt Ronyon ;' fifteenth century translater
of Higden, Polychronicon, Rolls Series, vol. ii. p. 135.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. On July 20th in the same year, Robert Coward and Alice Coward,
Thomas Coward, John Johnson and John Battell gave bond to John Delaval in .£20, the condition
being that the parties so bound should not 'from thensfurth serve, vexe, trobble, norr inquiete the above-
namyd John Delavale, norr noon othir off his kyn, ffreyndes, norr servands, off norr forr the deth off
William Coward, late husbande to the abovc-namyd Alison.' Ibid.

Vol IX. 16

122 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

Name of Tenant. Description of Holding, Rent.

C s. d.

William Taylor ... i messuage, i bain, i gailh of A acre, and 104 acres 3 roods of 268

arable and meadow
Arthur Taylor i tenement, i barn, 1 bake-house, i kiln, i yarth of i acre, i rood 268

of enclosed arable at the west end of the town, and 116 acres

and i rood of arable and meadow
Christopher Taylor ... I tenement, 1 barn, i garth of i acre, and 104 acres 3 roods of 268

arable and meadow

Gawin Garrett ... i cottage and i garth of i rood 034

William Phyllip ... „ „ „ ... ... ... ... ... 034

John Mylborn ... „ „ „ ... ... ... ... ... 034

[Vacant] ... ... i waste cottage and garth nil

Sum £7 13 4

Each husbandry tenant had common of pasture in the town fields
after harvest according to the proportion of the tenants of the manor.
Strips belonging to tenants of the Middleton moiety of the township lay
intermingled with those of the Delaval moiety, since the duality of owner-
ship had no counterpart at this time in the agricultural arrangements of
the community. An examination of William Taylor's holding gives the
following names of shetts ' or furlongs in the three open fields :

[The West (?) field] : Nether shett in New closse, Myddle shett in the New closse. Upper shett
in New closse, Shortland furlong, Laybrooke furlong, Broken-moore by the wood side, Myll flat,
Nether shett next Brandes moor, benethe Over myll flatt, the shett above the middleway grundibalk
on the north.

The South field : the shett bynethe the myddle way, the hoighe shett benethe hoighe, FuIIow
crooke next hoighe, the fielde called Whytchever, the owt feilde on Breerdon side, the furlong above
the middle waye, under the hall-yards, the ester parte of the brigg waye, the nether shett otherwise
called the ester shett of the owt feilde, the middle shett in the owt feilde, the furlong benethe the middle
waye, the furlong next the pounder waye, the furlong under ye hedlond there.

The North field : the furlong next the Mayden-well hoighe, the furlong called the northe crofte,
the furlong over Morden waye, the furlong called Bleaken hyll, the furlong that wyndethe over the
salt-man pythe, Rydwell hughe. Gammer reyns, the upper hoope of Collie houghe, the nether hoope of
Collie houghe, the Croke leche of the west parte of the town of Hartley, Whitchever meede.'

A second survey taken in 1573 gives the names and rentals of the
various freeholders in the township, namely : Robert Delaval, £b 13s. 4d ;
George Radcliff, ;^4 ; Richard Ruthall, £"] 12s.; Christopher Mitford,
£"] I2S. ; Vincent Rutherford, £$ 6s. 4d. ; Robert Lawson, 13s. 4d. ;
William Taylor, 17s.; the Queen, ^j} The crown lands were those

' The word sheth is still used by farmers in this county to denote a portion of a large field
cultivated separately.

= Marquis of Waterford's MSS, ' Ihid.

^^ARTI.EY TOWNSHIP. 123

which had come into the king's hands upon the dissolution of Brinkburn
priory. They had been leased by the prior and convent of that house
on December 30th, 1535, to Sir John Delaval for sixty years.' Radcliffs
lands were also occupied by Robert Delaval, having been conveyed to
his grandfather, Sir John Delaval, by Sir Cuthbert Radcliflf on August
1 2th, 1535, subject to a perpetual rent charge."

Robert Delaval proceeded to buy out the other freeholders. On
February i6th, 1574/5, Henry Mitford, son and heir of Christopher Mitford,
conveyed to him his interest in a lease of Rutherford's two tenements in
consideration of a payment of £20^] and on July 5th, 1575, he acquired
Richard Ruthall's lands for _^"8o, subject to a yearly rent in perpetuity of
£'] I2s.^ On January 4th, isisl^) he purchased the freehold lands of
the said Henry Mitford for ^200.^ By way of rounding off his estate,
Delaval purchased Robert Lawson's messuage and land on October 5th,
1577, for £16.'

' Land Revenue Enrolment Books, vol. i8o, fol. 143. The lease was renewed by the Crown to Robert
Delaval for twenty-one years, reserving royalties, November 25th, 1587 ; Patent Rolls, 30 Eliz. pt. 9. It
was afterwards surrendered by Robert Delaval, and on November nth, 1595, was re-granted to Robert
Delaval with remainders to each of the grantee's three eldest sons in succession for the term of their
respective lives {ibid. 37 Eliz. pt. 7). Granted in fee-farm on .\pril Sth, 1611, by James I. to John
Eldred and George Whitmore {ibid. 9 Jas. I. pt. S), it was sold by them on July 9th, 1614, for ^230, to
Sir Ralph Delaval (marquis of Waterford's MSS.), to whom his younger brothers, John Delaval and
Robert Delaval, had by deeds dated respectively April 22nd, 1600, and April i6th, 1607, conveyed their
interest in the lease of 1595 {ibid.).

- Greemfich Hospital Deeds, Hartley, A. No. 3. The rent charge was assigned by Francis Radcliflf
to Robert Delaval on August nth, 1595 ; ibid. No. 4.

' The descent of this property, as it is to be gathered from the marquis of Waterford's MSS., is as
follows : Thomas Rutherford of Middleton Hall married Janet Beadnell, and subsequently, without
having obtained divorce from his first wife, married Margaret Selby, by whom he had, with other
issue, a son, Georg:e Rutherford, who entered into possession of his father's lands. This George
Rutherford leased his lands in Hartley, on October iSth, 1563, to Christopher Mitford of Newcastle for
twenty-one years; but four years later the Council of the North, by an order dated June 20th, 1567,
adjudged possession of Middletonhall, and the other lands of the deceased Thomas Rutherford, to John
Rutherford, brother of the said Thomas, in respect of the illegitimacy of George Rutherford, the actual
owner. John Rutherford permitted Mitford to remain tenant on sufferance, and gave him a bond in
^100 for quiet possession. On the death of John Rutherford, his widow, Agnes Rutherford, and his son
and heir, Vincent Rutherford, conveyed Middleton Hall, and their land in Hartley, Newton-by-the-Sea,
and Bamburgh, to Sir John Forster, warden of the Middle Marches, covenanting by their indenture,
which is dated July 9th, 1573, that these lands were of the clear yearly value of ^14 9s. 8d. In 1579 Sir
John Forster re-conveyed the Hartley property, two messuages, three cottages, tofts and gardens, and
two orchards, to Vincent Rutherford, who granted the same on March l6th, 13S0/1, to Thomas Swinhoc
of Cornhill. On May 3rd, 1585, Thomas Swinhoe, then described as of Holy Island, sold his lands in
Hartley for ^250 to Robert Delaval. The pedigree of Rutherford of Middleton-hall, as entered at
Flower's Visitation of Yorkshire in I 562-1 563, is printed in Harl. Soc. vol. xvi. pp. 269-270.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. and Feet of Fines, Trinity, 22 Eliz. On December 31st, 1399,
George Ruthall, son and heir of Richard Ruthall, sold his annuity to Robert Delaval and to Ralph
Delaval, his son, for ^150. Ibid, and Feet of Fines, Easter, 42 Eliz.

^ Marquis of Waterford's MSS. In 1596 Christopher Mitford was stated to have formerly held four
tenements, which he kept in his own hands. Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society
of Antiquaries.

* Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

1^4 EARSDON CHAPELKY.

In a report made about the year 1596, Joshua Delaval has left on
record the course of action adopted by his kinsman on obtaining control
of the whole township.

Hartley, beinge a great husbandrie towne, wherein Robert Delavale, esq., holdetli certaine lands of
the queenc's niajestie by lease, yeldinge therfore yearlie about seven pounds rent, and wher also other
freholders had lands and tenements, that is to say the Mitfurds' lands, the Ruthels' lands, and the
Rutterfords' lands, and the Lawsons' lands, which lands and tenements about the i6 yeare of her
majestie's reigne were in the tenure of 15 severall tenants at will of the lords, namelie John Stevenson,
David Browne, Gawan Skipsey, Tho. Wardhaugh, \Vm. Tailor, Robt. Browne, Arthur Tailor, Christofer
Tailor, Tho. Thompson, Robt. Swanne, Richd. .Shipley, Tho. Walton, Richd. Rugh, Richd. Wardhaugh,
and John Howet, who were able men and kept ther 15 plowes ther going, 60 acres of arable land at least
to every plowe, 20 acres in every feild, as the tenants affirme, and every of them sufficientlie furnished
with horse and furniture to serve her majestie as they were called, and payed every one of them about
40s. rent yearlie, as they said ; since which time the said Robt. Delavale at severall times purchased all
the said freholders' lands and tenements, displaced all the said tenants, defaced their tenements,
converted their tillage to pasture, beinge 720 acres of arable ground or their aboutts, and maid one
demaine, whereon ther is but three plowes now kept by hinds and servants, besyde the 720 acres. So
that wher ther was then in Hartley 15 serviceable men furnished with sufficient horse and furniture,
ther is now not any, nor haith been this 20 yeares last past or theraboutts, which decay is to the great
overthrowe of her majestie's servants and subjects, weekning of this cuntry, and defravvding her
majestie's fermours of her tith corne and pettie tithes \vithin ye parishe of Tynemouth.'

The court rolls substantially corroborate Joshua Delaval's account.
Fourteen tenants at will are entered on the roll for 1570. Then follow
seven years for which no court rolls have survived, and in 1578 the
manor of Hartley is annexed to that of Seaton Delaval, a single court
being held for both townships, at which the only suitors from Hartley are
cottagers. No husbandry tenants are entered on the roll for 1578,
neither do they occur on any subsequent roll. At the same time the
eviction was not so thorough or disastrous as Joshua Delaval wished his
readers to believe. In 1578 six new husbandry holdings were created in
Seaton Delaval and were given to the Hartley farmers in exchange for
their former holdings." Five others of the old tenants received cottages
in Hartley,^ and only three appear to have left the village.

' Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries. On the other hand,
according to the evidence of Edward Younger, taken before Henry Delaval on July ist, 1596,
' ther was never more that went to ye wars but four out of Hartley, whose names be these, viz. :
Tho. Walton, Tho. Wardhaugh, Robt. Hunter, John Stevenson. These four tenants did alwayes
serve the prince and warden when they were called upon by Sir John Delavale to serve, being his
owne tenants.' Ibid.

' These si.\ tenants appeared on horseback at a muster of the Middle Marches held in 15S0 ; Cal.
Border Papers, vol. i. p. 21.

'Attendance at the lord's work continued to be prescribed for the cottagers of Hartley, but its
enforcement was difficult, and in 1595 the cottagers were presented for having none of them given ' lez
bounde day-work. Scatuii Delaval Court Rolls.

HARTl.KY TOWNSHIP. 125

Of the conversion of tillage into pasture there can be less doubt.'
A general enclosure took place, obliterating the old communal system of
open fields.^ Sir Ralph Delaval, son and heir of Robert Delaval, main-
tained three plough teams and stocked the remainder of the township ; ^
but already, in 1610, he had begun to let some of his closes on seven-
year leases, and when he died, in 1628, the whole township was divided
up into farms which were let to the highest bidder, and new methods
of farming destroyed the last remnants of medieval custom.

Seaton Sluice.
The Seaton burn, after flowing north-easterly and northerly past
Hartley water mill, whin bushes studding the receding banks of the dene,

' This, and the consequent loss of tithe, formed the subject of a letter written by Robert Helme,
about the year 1598, to Henry, ninth earl of Northumberland, as follows :

Sir,— Where your worship hath willed me to sett downe under my hande in wryting my knowledge
as concernynge the tyeth come and grayne of Hartley in the county of Northumberland and parishe of
Tynemouth, the truth ys that at my comynge to serve at Tynemouth the late earle of Northumberland
my master, which is xxxix yeares since or therabouts, there was in the saide towne of Hartley xiij
ploughes besides certeyne free land in the tenure of certeyne poor men ; in which town ther was
diverse men that had land ther, as vSir John Delavale, knight, Christefor Midford of Newcastell, gent.,
Mr. Rowthall, the two tenements belonging to the queen's majestie as parcell of the late dissolved
monastery of Brenkborne, Mr. Lawson of Upsall, the Rodderfords' land. The tyeth corne and grayne
of the said lands and plowghes was from th'entry of the sayd late erle to be captayne of Tynemouth in
th'ands and possession of the said late erle, and by him and his servants yerely gathered and browght to
Tynemouth, whereof did accrewe and growe yerly great benefitt, till in or about the xv'|' year of her
majestie's reigne that the nowe Mr. Robert Delavale, esq., did purchase and buy Mr. Midford's parte
and the land which he had in the town, and after Rodderford's land, Rowthall's land, Mr. Lawson's
land, and had a lease of the two tenements with th'apportenants of her majestie's ; and then, having by
this meanes obteyned the whoale towne, he did displace the tennants, and putt them of, and layd the
whoale toune in demayne, saving thre plowghes of his owne or four that he keapeth of his choice.
Hereupon the late erle, fynding himself lik to be dampnified by this meanes of the benefyt of the tyeth
corn ther, yt was told Mr. Delavale that the erle wold sue him. Wheruppon the said Mr. Delavale was
contented to continewe the payement of xx'' a yeare as yt was letten unto him before when the towne
was in full tilladge. And so he contynewed the payement of the said xx'' to me for his lordship's use
long after the displacyng of the tennants, till and so long as I had any doyngs at Tynemouth, and payd
th'arrerage after my dischardge to Mr. Fytton. And thus mutch ys all I know yerin. Per me,
Ro: Helme. Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

- A survey of Hartley, taken in 1610, gives the names and acreage of the various fields within the
township : Panne close, 6 acres ; Northe feyld, 116 acres ; Hungerringes by north ye brydge, 27 acres ;
the towne yardes, 15 acres ; Lampet feld, 86 acres ; oxe pasture, 64 acres ; broken more caled Hinds
meadow, 15 acres ; weste corne feld (tylled), 57 acres ; thistle feld, 76 acres ; Whitchever, 39 acres ;
Fullow flatt, 24 acres ; Lowe Bryerden, 217 acres ; Brandlinge's moore, 19 acres ; o.xen lazers, 9 acres ;
Peter's close, 17 acres; Highe Bryerden, 148 acres; Brockes intacke, 24 acres; great brockes, 177
acres; total 1,134 acres. Marquis of Waterford's M.SS. The Pan-close, on the point east of the
harbour, derived its name from the fact of being leased to salt owners, who in 1634 were paying £i rent
for the same. Ibid.

' In 1613 Sir Ralph Delaval noted in one of his estate-books: 'Brandlinge's inoore and Oxen
lazers keept all the calves. My oxen of Hartley (beinge thirty-nine), my hyndes' kyne (bemge seven),
my overman's one cowe, lay nightlye in Hartleye oxc-pasture, and on the day depastured along the
Hungering bankes and the Sware to the Segg poole, together with the southe part of Hallywell
dales. Whyll my oven were at woorke, the hyndes' and overman's kyne was onelye to depasture in
Hors-poole close and bankes. Ibiil. A list of manorial servants in Hartley, drawn up by Thoinas
Delaval in 162S, includes a steward, three hinds, a pounder, two barn men, millers, a coble wright, a fish
carrier, a cutter, and a herd at Brierdean. Ibid.

126

fiARSbON CHAtELftV.

enters a wider bed, where water meadows lead up to wooded slopes. This
is probably the great water pool called the Horse-pool, mentioned in the
bounder of Hartley township, and the porous character of the alluvial soil
appears to have given to the whole glen the name of Swallow -dene.
Turning eastward under Hartley bridge, where, under the present roadway,
may be seen the fragment of a bridge of sixteenth century or even earlier
date, the burn passes on its right the site of Hartley salt pans, then turns
northward again to avoid a bluff of rock running up from Hartley village,
and winds through shifting sand banks to the sea.'

'^^^^Sg*'^^'"^

Entrance to Seaton Sluice.

Though Seaton occurs in a list of Northumbrian ports and creeks
drawn up in 1565," it remained a purely natural harbour until Common-
wealth times. The improvements which were then effected by Sir Ralph
Uelaval, the first baronet, are well described by Roger North in his account
of a visit paid by Lord Keeper Guilford to Seaton Delaval in 1676.

' In a bounder of Seaton Delaval, given by Thomas Delaval about the year 1630, the bounds of that
township on the south-east are given as the haven, Swallo-den beck, Hartley bridge, the horse-poole,
and the water-mill. Marquis of Waterford's MSS. The bridge and the horse-pool recur in the earlier
bounder of Hartley. Greenvile CoUins's chart in the Cvastiiig Pilot of 1693 shows the bridge and the
salt pans; see Arch. Ael. second series, vol. xxiv. p. 230. The new bridge at Seaton Sluice was
constructed in i88g.

- Ach oj the Privy Council, 1558-1570, p. 289.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP. 127

From Tinmouth his lordship Ijy invitation went to dine at Seaton Delaval. Sir Ralph Delaval
entertained us exceeding well, and not so much with eating and drinking, which appertains properly to
the brute and not to the man, but with very ingenious discourse, and showing to us many curiosities of
which he himself was author in that place. The chief remarkable there was a little port which that
gentleman with great contrivance and after many disappointments made for securing small craft that
carried out his salt and coal ; and he had been encouraged in it by King Charles the Second, who made
him collector and surveyor of his own port, and no officer to intermeddle here.' It stands at the mouth
of a rill, as it is called, of water, which running from the hills, had excavated a great hollow in the fall as
it run. The ground at the sea is a hard impenetrable fiat rock ; and for cover of the vessels, which else
in the rage must be dashed to pieces. Sir Ralph had built, or rather often rebuilt, a pier of stone
that fended off the surge to the north-east, and at high tide gave entrance near a little promontory off
the shear, turning in by the north ; and at low water the vessels lay dry upon the rock. This had been
built of square stone, with and without cement, but all was heav'd away with the surge, and for a great
while nothing could be found strong enough to hold against the lifting and sucking of the water. At
length Sir Ralph, at an immense cost, bound every joint of the stone, not only laterally but upright, with
dovetails of heart of oak let into the stone ; and that held effectually, for, if the stones were lifted up,
they fell in their places again. This little harbour was apt to silt up with the sea-sand, for remedying of
which he used the backwater of his rill, and that kept the channel always open ; and for that end he had
an easy and sure device, which was sluice gates built across the channel of the rill, which during tide of
flood were shut, and so the water gathered to a great head above till low water ; and then the sluices
opened, let the gathered water come down all at once, which scoured away the sand that every tide
lodged upon the rock, and washed it as clean as a marble table. All this we saw, with his salt pans at
work about it, and the petit magazine of a marine trade upon the wharf And so he reaped the fruits of
his great cost and invention ; and, if in the whole the profit did not answer the account, the pleasure
of designing and executing, which is the most exquisite of all, did it.'-'

Besides making the sluice, Sir Ralph Delaval planted a battery on
the promontory commanding the harbour,^ Seaton Sluice became a place
of some importance, and in 1670 it was annexed to the port of Newcastle,*
being placed under the control of the custom-house officers at Blyth.
Sir Ralph Delaval is stated to have spent ^^15,000 upon the sluice, besides
building a second pier, towards which he was granted a privy seal for
^1,500 by Charles II. At the time of the king's death he had received
_^5oo in part payment, but the remaining ;^i,ooo was never paid. His
son, Sir John Delaval, applied, in 1704, for the settlement of these arrears
as a fund for the maintenance of the pier. Heavy storms had lately made

' This grant was made to Sir Ralph Delaval in 1670, in consideration of his having spent £7,000 in
making a sluice and harbour fit for the exportation of salt, coals and grindstones. Cnl. Statf Papers,
Domestic, 1660-1670, p. 635.

" North, Life of Lord Keeper Guilford, pp. 137-138.

' Cal. State Papers, Domestic, 1667, p. 185. The battery is marked on Greenvile Collins's chart.

' Ibid. 1660-1670, p. 634. The character of the trade at this time is illustrated by a letter written
on November 23rd, 1671, by Lady Elizabeth Delaval to her brother, the duke of Richmond : 'Sir Ralph
writ to you to desier you would make a proposition to Guildenlaw to send him into this harbour a ship
loaden with Norway timber bought there at the cheapest rates ; and he would trafick with him if
he pleased, ether store him with good English horses, fine breeding mares, or salt or cole,' Brit. Mus,
Add. MSS. 21,948, fol. 136,

128 EARSnON CHAPEl.RY.

the works ruinous, and they had been repaired by Sir Jolin Delaval at a
cost of ;^500. Sir John was able to point to the increased revenue accruing
to the Crown since the erection of the pier. Eight salt pans were now
at work, and the excise on salt gave an average of ;^5,ooo. Upwards of
1,400 chaldrons of coal had been exported in 1704 from Seaton Sluice.^
Sir John Delaval's memorial was submitted to the commissioners for the
salt duty, who advised against making any allowance, on the ground that
the duties on salt in general were not advanced by the number of salt pans
at Seaton, for the vessels that loaded salt there might as well be supplied
from other places on the coast of Durham and Northumberland, where the
salt works were very numerous.^

Owing to pecuniary difficulties. Sir John Delaval was obliged in 1719
to sell the bulk of his estates to his kinsman, Admiral George Delaval ;
but he retained a life-interest in Hartley and Seaton Sluice, and on June
loth, 1724, was party to a settlement of the reversion of those places
upon Edward Delaval of Dissington for life, and, on the determination of
that estate, upon Francis Blake Delaval, son and heir of the said Edward
Delaval, and on his heirs in tail male. Under the terms of this settle-
ment Hartley descended to Francis Blake Delaval, junior, son and heir
of the above-mentioned Francis Blake Delaval, whose prodigality neces-
sitated the vesting of Hartley and of the manors of Horton and Ford in
John Hussey Delaval and Elisha Biscoe as trustees for uses (1756).^

John Hussey Delaval, brother of Francis Blake Delaval the younger,
henceforward directed the management of the estates. He found the
shallow depth of water in the old harbour productive of inconveniences,^
and resolved to make a new cut eastwards through the rock, with dock

'Arch. Ael. second series, vol. x\iv. pp. 241-242; and Pyoc. Soc. Aiiiiq. Newcastle, second series,
vol. V. p. 132, from Delaval MSS. in the possession of the society.

■ Cal. Treasury Papers, 1702-1707, p. 438.

' 'An Act for vesting divers Manors, Lands, and Hereditaments, part of the settled Estates of
Francis Blake Delaval, esquire, in Trustees, for raising Money to pay off and discharge several Debts
and Incumbrances, and for other Purposes therein mentioned.' 29 Geo. II. cap. xlix. On November
7th, 1761, Elisha Biscoe made over his interest in the premisses to John Hussey Delaval.

' The old method of loading is described by Greenvile Collins in his account of Seaton Sluice,
written in i6g8 : 'Seaton Sluce lyeth five miles to the northward of Tinmouth castle and is a tide haven,
where small ships enter to load coals. There is in the peer at high water on a spring tyde ten foot ;
and at neap tydes, when the ships have not water enough out, they go into the road and there take
in the rest of their loading, which is brought out to them in keels. There is good anchoring in the peer
in four, five, six, and seven fathoms. It floweth here at full and change south-west by south. The water
riseth at a spring tyde ten foot in the peer, and seven foot at a neap.' Greenvile Collins, Great Britain's
Coasting Pilot, pt. ii. p. 12,

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP.

i2g

gates at both ends, thus providing the harbour with an additional entrance,
and at the same time forming a deep-water dock, where vessels could
be loaded by spouts or cranes at all states of the tide. For the super-
vision of the work he brought his brother, Thomas Delaval, over from
Germany. The cut, thirtv feet wide, fifty-two feet deep and carried
through nine hundred feet of rock, was begun in 1761 and opened on
March 20th, 1764.'

The Cut, Seaton Sluice.

These improvements had been necessitated by the rapid growth of
the Hartley coal trade, and by the establishment of copperas and glass
works for the purpose of consuming the small coal of the pits." The
manufacture of bottle glass became firmly established at Hartley under
the energetic management of Thomas Delaval, who, in 1763, erected glass

' Hutchinson, History o,' Northumbci-land, vol. ii. p. 334, The new harbour was deepened in 1772,
and had then a depth of water of eleven to sixteen feet, and in spring- tides of seventeen or eighteen feet.
MS. in the possession of the marquis of Waterford, entitled '.Memoirs for the natural and civil history of
Ford and Flodden, Seaton and Doddington, 1770- 1772.'

'^ See vol. viii. of this work, pp. 23-24.

Vol. IX.

•7

130 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

houses there at his own cost,' and brought over trained workmen from
Nienburg in Hanover." All the materials were at hand ; the black clay
dug up on Seaton links, sea sand, kelp,^ and coal. Twenty-four glass-
blowers were employed, and ten thousand bottles were turned out monthly."*
By the discovery of a special kind of flux, for which he took out a patent
in April, 1766,^ Thomas Delaval was enabled to commence the manufac-
ture of a black ware, made of the refuse of the salt pans and other cheap
ingredients, of which he wrote enthusiastically: 'we can make everything
of it that is made in china or earthenware'.^ He also found that the
local sand, being of a remarkably light colour, was fit for making window
glass, and in February, 1767, converted one of his houses into a broad-
glass manufactory.'

A portion of the copperas, prepared from the iron pyrites or ' brasses '
found in the local coal-measures, was utilised in glass manufacture. The
remainder was shipped to German and Dutch ports or to the London
market. In 1766 Thomas Delaval obtained a patent for a new way of
making gunpowder from pyrites and other ingredients,* but nothing more
seems to have come of this. At one time he entertained an idea of
using his copperas to make Prussian blue, but abandoned it on finding
that this would not dispose of more than two tons of copperas yearly."
Salt continued to be made at Hartley, and three hundred tons of this
commodity were exported from the haven in 1776, as well as one hundred
tons of copperas.'"

' 'Memoirs for the history of Ford, etc' In 1771 Sir Francis Blake Delaval was empowered by
a private Act of ParHament (11 Geo. III. cap. xi.) to grant to his brother, Thomas Delaval, four and a
quarter acres of ground for a glass manufactory, the said piece of ground being described as abutting
east on a piece of ground adjoining to the copperas w-orks, being forty-five yards in length from the
Octagon, westward to the wall of the building on the top of the bank, and extending north and south
the breadth of the quadrangular building. Under the provisions of the same Act, Sir Francis Blake
Delaval received powers to grant to Thomas Delaval, on a lease of ninety-nine years, a further piece of
land for the extension of the glass manufactory, and to make a similar lease of the copperas works
to Sir John Hussey Delaval.

- Charlton, Society in Northuinbcrlami in the Last Century, p. 22.

■■' ' Sea-kelp, a weed that grows upon the rocks from Clifford's fort to Brierdean burn ; the weed is
burnt on the adjacent ground and made into balls for the use of the allum works and glass-houses.'
Brown's Survey of Tynemouthshire, 1754, from the duke of Northumberland's MSS. In 1674 Sir Ralph
Delaval was deriving a rent from the kelp-burners of Hartley. Marquis of Waterford's MSS. In
February, 1767, Thomas Delaval obtained a patent for a means of making kelp by burning seaweed
while still wet, immediately after being cut from the rocks. Cut. Home Office Papers, 1766-1769, p. 267 ;
6//; Deputy Keeper's Report, app. 2, p. 135.

* ' Memoirs for the history of Ford, etc'

' Cal. Home Office Papers, vol. ii. p. 129 ; 6lh Deputy Keeper's Report, app. 2, p. 134.

" Marquis of Waterford's MSS. ' Ibid. ' Cat. Home Office Papers, 1766-1769, p. 129.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. '° Hutchinson, Northumberland, vol. ii. p. 462.

HARTLEY TOWNSHIP.

I'll

A small brickyard was made in 1766; a brewery was established;
the local sandstone provided labour for quarrymen, and it seemed possible
at one time that Hartley might become as well known for its paving stones
and building stone as for its coal and bottles/ Even shipbuilding flourished
for a time at Seaton Sluice," which at this time eclipsed the neighbouring

Seaton Sluice from the Sea.
From a painting hy Canuiihtie!.

port of Blyth in the value of its shipping and the total of its exports.
All this increase of trade encouraged Thomas Delaval to enlatge his
plans. On September 19th, 1766, he wrote to his brother, Sir John
Hussey Delaval :

' ' By the sea near Seaton Delaval is a ffeestone accounted excellent both for colour and duration, of
a whitish brown, with splendid micaceous particles.' Wallis, Noiihiimbfrlaiid, vol. i. p. 57. Tenders
were made for supplying this stone to the builders of Blackfriars' bridge in London, but all attempts at
getting hold of the London market appear to have failed.

- Robinson, Delaval Papers, pp. 177-179.

132 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

I should be ylad to have your sentiments on letting building leases at Hartley. I think, if it was
agreeable, to enter upon a plan of this kind. We should soon see a large town start up, which
might almost double the estate. This could be done under proper restrictions ; and, I think, without
some such scheme, this place never can rise to that pitch which you, and I dare say all the family, would
like it to do.'

Thomas Delaval's scheme was never carried out. In 1772 he aban-
doned his connexion with Hartley, and sold the glass houses to his
brother, Sir John Hussey Delaval. Sir John, who was raised to the
peerage in 1783, survived until the year 1808, when the glass houses,
brewery, and copperas works went to his widow, Lady Delaval, and the
colliery and salt pans to his only surviving brother, Edward Delaval, who
likewise inherited the family estates of Seaton Delaval, Hartley and Horton.
The copperas works, after being carried on for a time by Joseph Oxley
of Ford, were closed about the year 1820. It was at about this date
that salt ceased to be manufactured at Hartley.

During the Napoleonic wars a blockhouse was erected on a ballast
heap at Seaton Sluice, soldiers being sent from Tynemouth castle to do
duty there ; and at the same time a battery of three eighteen-pounders
was placed in a position commanding the harbour."

On the death of Ladv Delaval in 1822, the bottle works were in-
herited by Susanna, marchioness of Waterford, grand-daughter of Lord
Delaval by his first marriage. The glass industry continued to flourish
for a time, and an engine factory was started by Messrs. W. K. Horsley
and Company about the year i860. But Seaton Sluice had already
begun to decline as a port ; shipping was leaving it for new docks at
Blyth and on the Tyne. In 1862 the fatal Hartley accident ruined the
coal trade in this district. ^ Bottles continued to be made at Hartley
for a few vears longer, but in 1870 the works were finally closed. In
1894 the marquis of Waterford sold his property in Hartlev to Mr.
Andrew Short of Choppington for ^3,050. Three years later the cones
of the bottle works were demolished, and Seaton Sluice lost one of its
familiar features.

The place still retains many eighteenth-century buildings which give
it a quaint picturesqueness — the ruined but still tenanted dovecote, the
little brick Octagon, and the sombre glass-house square ; but the sluice

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. - Mackenzie, Nurtltuiiibcrliiiui, 1811, vol. ii. p. 50S.

' See vol. viii. of this work, p. 32.

SEATON DKLAVAI. TOWNSHIP. 1 33

is in ruins ; scattered stone-work chokes the j^ul ; the old factories and

offices are deniolislied or converted to different uses ; ' and the adage

has lost its point :

Seaton Sluice and Hartley mill,

The one turns round and the other stands still."

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP.

A tract of comparatively level and featureless country, stretching
along the coast northward from vSeaton Sluice to Maggie's burn, and in-
land to the eastern limits of Horton, Cramlington, and Seghill townships,
is included in the township of vSeaton Delaval. It embraces an area of
2,792 acres, of which six acres are inland water, two acres are tidal water,
and ninety-eight acres are foreshore ; and at the census of igoi it had a
population of 4,987 inhabitants, resident, for the most part, in the modern
hamlets of Seaton Delaval, New Delaval, and New Hartley.''

There can be little doubt that the township had originallv a wider
area, and that it included all the land north of Holvwell dene, which is
now reckoned as forming part of Hartley township.' The Seaton burn
formed a natural boundary, and provided the inhabitants of Seaton with

' It was in one of these offices that in 1S8S many papers of the Delaval family were found, includinjf
the Delaval MSS. now in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries ; about three tons of
accounts and other office papers relating- to the trade of Hartley and Seaton Sluice, acquired by the
same society, which have not yet been sorted or rendered accessible ; a number of letters and papers
printed by Mr. John Robinson in his Delaval Papers, and in the English Historical Review, vol. iv.
pp. 749-753 ; and the manuscripts of the Delaval family calendared for the Historical Manuscripts
Commission, in the sixth appendix to the thirteenth report.

- Further information relative to Seaton -Sluice and its trade is given by Mr. \V. W. Tomlinson in
Arch. Acl. 2nd series, vol. xxiv., and by Mr. John Robinson, Delaval Papers, pp. .157-192. The progress
and decay of the little port are shown by the census returns for Hartley township, which are as follow :
180 1, 1,639 ; 181 1, 1,872 ; 182 1, 1,795 '< i83'> ^S^o; 1841, 1,911 ; 1 851, 1,627 ; 1861, 1,567 ; 1871, 1,1 iS ;
1881, 1,142 ; 1891, 1,112 ; 1901, 1,716. The recent rise of population is due to the resumption of colliery
operations, for which see vol. viii. of this work, p. 32.

■' The census returns for this township are: 1801,240; 1811,322; 1821.240; 1831,271; 1S41, 1,568;
1851,2,726; 1861,2,876; 1871,2,620; 1881,3,801; 1891,4.096; 1901,4,987.

' See above, p. 96. In 1704 Sir John Delaval, baronet, laid claim to this land, then known as
the South moor, against Sir Edward Blackett of Seaton Delaval, baronet, and adduced as evidence
that it lay in Hartley and not in Seaton Delaval township the fact that since 1677 the petty constable of
Hartley had collected sesses from it, and that for thirty-eight years, that is since 1666, the gate on the
West moor towards Seaton Delaval house had been called Hartley-moor gate. He also stated that,
after the marriage of Sir Ralph Delaval, second baronet, it was agreed between him and his father, the
first baronet, that in all assessments Seaton Delaval should be charged for eleven farms and Hartley for
nine. Marquis of Waterford's MSS. These are the figures at which Seaton Delaval and Hartley
were rated in the church books of Earsdon (namely, Seaton Delaval, II, and Hartley, 9,'ij) ; but the
proportion appears to be arbitrary and does not correspond with the number of husbandry holdings
previously existing in either township.

134 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

the water-supply of which they must have been otherwise ahnost destitute.'
In all probability Seaton Delaval township contained at one time over
three thousand acres ; but only a small portion of this can have been
cultivable. Barren sandhills and links still line the shore ; scrub covers
the northern slopes of Holywell dene and, on every other side, a broad
belt of moorland once separated Seaton Delaval from the neighbouring
townships.

Indeterminate boundaries, such as these, had to be more closely defined.
The township limits were carefully marked out by march stones, and were
perambulated once or twice yearly by the tenants of Seaton Delaval.^
Bounders of Seaton Delaval and Whitridsre commons are entered on the
court rolls for 1533, and are as follow :

The bownder of the comon of the maner of Setoii Delavayle. The comon of Seton maner begyn-
nelhe at the southe nooke called Hallywell strother,' bowndyng of the Noune-lands, cumyng norlhe
oute the strother whillis it cum to the fir syde of the Stobytt-flatt, and west abowte Stobytt-flatt to the
noithe lands to Muslaye ryggis ;' from Muslaye ryggs to the lonyng ; from the lonyng to Bassenden
butts, and down the coman to the borne, and the foresayd lord's cattell to stand and drynke whylis the
herd hath sett over iiij clowts over his schone. From that place west thorow Blakla flat whyll they
come to Seell border; from that place to Blakla-stan; from Blakla- stan north-est to the Eryns-lawe ;
from Eryns-lawe to the Brom-hyll— the hyll s'atjdyng to the southe syde of Seell waye, apon wyche
comon the towneshypp of Halewyll hath a rake with iiij"'' hede of note, for every note lackyng iiij schepe ;
and that to be stynttyd by the towneschyppe of Seton.

The bownder of Wyterage. The coman of Wyterage from Wyterage be Ryschpull, and southe
owte the Agge whyll ye come owte to the southewest syde of Blakla flatt, then downe betwext Seell and
Wyterage down Lenlache ; from Lenlache north owt to Cramlyngton. lache whylys they come to the
marks betwexth Whytterage and Styklaye ; from Styklaye stone to Burnes know ; from Burns knowe
to the Lamlays ; from the Lamlays to the stone of the over syde of Horton waye ; from stone of Horton
waye to the stone of th'over syde of Whytt's park ; from that place to the standyng stone of the south-

' There were several wells in the township, and strict regulations had to be made to prevent them
from being fouled. In 1516 'it is ordeyned that no maner of person weyss no cloythez in the est well of
Seton, ner yett in no playce abowtt it wher as any waytter ryne into it agayne, under the payne of 6d.
for every tyme, and nortt to tery no courte.' In 1525 a pain was made that no one should wash at the
well, but that the tenants should make a ditch before it for the space of forty feet to draw water from
the well where they could wash. In 15S0 'it ys agreed unto by the tenants of Seaton Delaval that the
Lumbart well shall be clenged frome tyme to tyme and dene kept so often as nede shall require,
sub pcna, 4d.' In 15S4 the tenants of Seaton were directed to cleanse the east well twice yearly under
pain of 6d. Seaton Delaval Court Rolls. See also the reference to Lysden wells in the bounder of
Whitridge common. In 1387 there was a 'payne laide that all water-gaites and courses of water aboute
the towne which haithe bene accustomed to be kept open, shal be opened and clenged yerelie at or
before Michelmas, upon payne I2d.' Ibid.

' ' Payne laid that the tenants of Seatone shall ryde or goe the bownders within this lordship x or xij
daies next after this court, sub peiia iij'. iiij''., and before every court hereafter upon the same payne, or
upon Sainct Mark's dale yerelie upon the same payne.' Ibid. 1584.

' ' It ys agreed that the tenants of Hallywell shall sufficientlie repaire and make up the bounder
and marche-dicke or hedge at the Strother, and the same maynteyne and uphold in good and sufficient
reparacion, s»i /"irjuf iij'. iiij'V Ibid. 1580.

' This is probably the 'cultura de Muscrlawe ' in Holywell which occurs in a fine taken in 1208 ;
see above, p. 76 note. For the Nuns' lands see p. 77.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 135

west newk of Whytt's park ; from the standyng stone nortlie owt to Lysden lache ; clown Lysden lache
whyll ye come at Lysden wellys, and over at Lysden wellys and up the dyke to the standen stene
of VVhytt Lysden, and then down throwe the Lange brocks, iiij ryggs from the hedclands to the Horse
clowse newk of Newsam, and south the rowe to the Schlatford.'

In earlv times the main road leading to vSeaton Delaval was probably
that known as the Castle way, which ran through Holywell, Backworth,
and Killingworth to Newcastle." The high road from Tynemouth to Bed-
lington followed the line of the North Shields and Morpeth turnpike
over what was then Seaton Delaval common/ between Seaton Terrace and
North Moor Edge, and was met at Whitridge, now Wheatridge farm, near
Seaton Delaval station, by a track from Seghill. A coast road to Blyth
led north over Hartley bridge to the ' vSchlat-ford ' across Meggie's burn,
then called the Black burn, a little to the north of Gloucester lodge ;* and
an old road probably followed the line of the present footpath from Seaton
northward, parallel to the Lysdon biu-n, past Lysdon to Newsham, and
so formed a continuation of the Castle way.'*

History of the Delaval Family."

The family of Delaval, or De la Val, whose name has become so
closely associated with this township, was settled, in the first half of the
eleventh century in Lower Maine. There, in the valley of the Mayenne,
Guy de la Val II. built his castle of La Val.' By his first wife, Bertha, he
had two sons, John and Hamo. When thirty years of age, the elder son
retired to the monastery of Marmoutier, whereby Hamo de la Val became
heir to his father's lordship.* Hamo is asserted to have joined in the
conquest of England, and to have left two sons, of whom the younger,
named Hugh, became a canon at Le Mans ; the elder, Guy de la Val HL
married a daughter of Robert, earl of Mortain, the half-brother of William

' Seaton Delaval Court Rolls. ^ See above, pp. 26, 77. ^ See vol. viii. of this work, pp. 317-318.

* Gloucester lodge formed the headquarters of Prince William of Gloucester, resident commander of
the volunteer corps encamped at Hartley during the war scare of 1795.

^This last is perhaps 'the brode waye betwixt Hollewell loning end and Whete-leche' where the
tenants of Seaton Delaval were, in 1572, forbidden to cut whins. Seaton Delaval Court Rolls.

° The reader is referred to the accompanying pedigrees for full genealogical particulars regarding
the Delaval family, many of which are necessarily omitted from the te.xt. See also an account of the
family contributed by the Rev. E. H. Adamson to Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. xii. pp. 215-228.

' 'Castri Vallis conditor et possessor.' See ' Chronologic historique des sires, puis comtes, de Laval,'
based on a manuscript history of the se\'enteenth century and printed in L'Art de verifier les Dates, vol.
xiii. pp. 10S-141.

' Round, Documents preserved in France, pp. 422, 424-425.

136 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

the Conqueror,' and left descendants who phiyed an active part in the
history of Maine, Anjou, and Brittany in the twelfth century. This main
stem died out in the ma^e Hue about the year 12 13, when the name and
estates of I)e la Val were inherited bv the Montmorencis.

When, in a return of feudal service made in 12 12, it was stated that the
ancestors of Gilbert Delaval had held the barony of Callerton since the
Conquest,- the phrase is not to be taken as applying to 1066, or any other
particular year, but to the period of thirty years which elapsed between
the battle of Hastings and the abolition of the Northumbrian earldom in
1095. That a certain Hubert Delaval was one of Mowbray's knights is
known from other sources. He conferred upon the prior and convent of
Tynemouth the tithes of his manors of Callerton, Dissington, and Seaton,
as appears from a ratification of the deed by Henry I.;' and these and
other tithes recur in another charter of the same monarch, confirming to
the prior and convent the tithes granted to them by Robert de Mowbray
and his men.'' He may be presumed to have been a kinsman of Hamo
Delaval, although no connexion can be traced.

The extent of the barony, as given bv implication in Hubert Delaval's
grant of tithes, agrees with later returns. Callerton, called Black Caller-
ton to distinguish it from its neighbour (Callerton Darrayns) in the barony
of Mitford, formed with Dissington one portion of the barony ; and Seaton
Delaval with its hamlet of Newsham formed a second detached portion.
Dissington is a name given to two townships ; North Dissington remained
Delaval property until the close of the seventeenth century ; South
Dissington was granted in early times to Tynemouth priory, though in or
about 1 610 it was re-acquired by the Delaval owner of North Dissington.
In the St. Alban's book of benefactors, the grant of South Dissington is
derived from William Delaval.' Allowing for possible error as to the

I \i ,

Robert de Torigny in Chroniiics of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II. and Richard I., Rolls Series,
vol. IV. p. 201.

"See the return printed in Arch. Ael. 2nd serias, vol. xxv. p. 15;. The only other Northumbrian
baronies dating from this early period are those of Merlay, Bertram of Mitford, Bolain, and the drengage
holding of Dilston.

' Henricus, re.x Angliae, Ranulfo episcopo Dunelni' et Alfrico et Liulfo vicecomitibus, salutem.
Sciatis me concessisse et dedisse Deo et sancte Marie et sancto Oswino et abbati de sancto Albano
decimas quas Hubertus de la Vail ante dederat monachis de Tinemutha, scilicet de Setona, de
Calverdona et de IJiscingtona. Et volo ac precipio ut bene et intes^re in nfea pace teneant eas, et quod
nullus super eis injuriam faciat. Teste Nigello de .•\lbeneo. Apud Wyntoniam. St. Alban's Register,
fol. 116, from Dodsworth's transcripts. See vol. viii. of this work, p. 55 (10).

' See vol. viii. of this work, p. 49, note 2, and p. 55(11). * Ibid. p. 49, note i.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 137

name of the grantor, the entry may be taken as evidence of the fact that
South Dissington also was originally a member of the Delaval barony.'
Callerton was possibly the original head of the barony, but in the thirteenth
century the family residence became definitely fixed at Seaton."

The barony was held by the service of two knights' fees,' and by the
payment of two marks yearly, on the Sunday next after the feast of St. Cuth-
bert, for the ward of the castle of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.'' As in the case of
other baronies holding by castle ward, the lord of Seaton Delaval was re-
quired to repair, maintain, and if necessary newly construct, a certain house
within the castle.' A curious example of serjeanty is to be found in the
case of Callerton, which was returned in 1332 as being held by the service
of finding four men-at-arms, with four horses and trappings, for the Gascon
war." This service, however, cannot be earlier than the reign of Henry III.,
and may be of later origin. The sum of 3s. 4d. was due for cornage from
the barony,' payable on the Sunday next before the feast of St. Cuthbert in
September.* Suit was required every sixth week at the county court."

Hubert Delaval was succeeded in the possession of the barony by his
son Robert. In addition to his father's lands, Robert Delaval held the
manor of Eachwick from the Bolbecs, and joined his mother Richilda in
granting a moiety of that manor to the prior and convent of Hexham."*

' In the return made for the Delaval barony in 1212, it is stated, 'De tenemento isto nihil alienatmii
est, vel datum per marritagium vel elemosinam, vel aliquo alio modo, unde dominus rex minus habeat de
servitio suo.' Arch. AeL 2nd series, vol. xxv. p. 155. The force of this statement lies in its last
clause. The king did not concern himself with alienations, so long as the portion retained was sufficient
to bear all feudal obligations formerly incumbent upon the whole fief.

- The baronv is styled ' baronia de Calverdona' in the return of 1212 (ibid.). On the other hand,
Robert, son of Hubert Delaval, is named Robert de Seton by Richard of Hexhatn ; Raine, Hexham
Priory, vol. i. (Surt. Soc. No. 44), p. 59.

^ Carta Geleberti de Lanval (1166). Venerabili domino suo Henrico, regi Angliae, Gilebertus de
Lanval, salutem. Sciatis, domine mi, quod antecessores mei tempore regis Henrici, ayi vestri, tenuerunt
feodum duorum militum ; et ego modo vestri gratia illud teneo. De eodem feodo quidem miles de me
tenet quartam partem unius militis. Valete. Red Book of the Exchequer, Rolls Series, p. 442.

* Ibid. pp. 606, 712 ; Rot. Lit. Clans. Record Com. vol. i. p. 466. It seems that Callerton was
reckoned at one fee, and Seaton Delaval and Dissington at one fee, for the proportion of castle
ward to which Callerton w^as subject amounted to one mark. Inq. p. m. 6 Edw. III. pt. ii. No. 20. In
1388 Seaton Delaval, North Dissington, and the moiety of Hartley were returned as paying sixteen
shillings for castle ward on the feast of St. James. Inq. p. m. 12 Rich. II. No. 54.

'" Cat. Close Rolls, 1333- 1337, p. 646.

' Inq. p. m. 6 Edw. III. pt. ii. No. 20. ' Red Book of the Excheqtter, p. 713.

' Inq. p. m. 24 Edw. III. pt. i. No. 104. Of this sum is. 2id. {ibid.) or is. 4d. (/"(/. p. m. 6 Edw. III.
pt. ii. No. 20) was due for Callerton ; and 2s. S|d. for the other townships of the barony and the
township of Hartley {Inq. p. m. 27 Edw. III. No. 67).

° Inq. cit. nit. While the'inquisitions of the fourteenth century are useful as throwing light upon the
tenure of the twelfth, it must be remembered that some services had then acquired a greater fixity than
they originally possessed.

'" Hexham Priory, vol. ii. (Surt. Soc. No. 46), p. 114.

Vol. IX. 18

138 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

In 1 161 the Delaval barony was in the hands of Hugh fitz Roger,
who was assessed for the scutages of 1161, 1162, and 1165,' and received
from Henry H. a grant of free warren in Seaton, Callerton, and Holywell.'
Hugh fitz Roger's lineage is far from clear. The surname of Delaval,
though borne by all his descendants as well as by his predecessors, Hubert
and Robert, does not appear to have been assumed by him ; but as his
son, Gilbert Delaval, claimed descent from the earlier line, it seems
probable that Hugh fitz Roger acquired the barony bv marriage with an
heiress, and that the descendants of Hubert Delaval died out in the male
line within a century of the Conquest, a fate which befel many, if not
the maiority, of Norman families in England.

Beyond the fact that Margaret Delaval, grand-daughter of Hugh fitz
Roger, claimed kinship with the Bolams,' there is no direct evidence of
Hugh fitz Roger's alliance with other baronial families. Another of his
grandchildren. Sir Eustace Delaval, was returned in 1240 as holding Holy-
well of the Baliols quit of all service, in jure maritagii. But it is possible
that the connexion with the Baliols implied in that phrase was of earlier
date than 1240. Hugh fitz Roger and his son, Gilbert Delaval, also
held the Baliol manor of Holywell, which cannot be proved to have been
owned by their predecessors ; and the occurrence of the common Christian
names of the Baliol familv among the immediate descendants of Hugh fitz
Roger — Hugh, Eustace, John, and Engeram — suggests that the second
house of Delaval may have sprung from a Baliol stock.

Hugh fitz Roger died in 11 66, and was succeeded by his son, Gilbert
Delaval, who made a return for his barony in the inquest held in that
year. No mention, however, is made in the Pipe Rolls of any sum paid
by him for relief on entering into his father's estate. Beyond the fact
that he attended the muster held at Carlisle in 1187, preparatory to the
projected expedition into Galway, few facts are known of his early life.*
In 1 201 Gilbert Delaval was one of the barons who joined in the refusal to
accompany King John on his expedition into Normandy until they should
have received satisfaction for their grievances ; an episode of importance

' Pipe Rolls, ed. Hodgson, pp. 5, 8, 300. - Placita de quo warranto, Record Com. p. 589.

' Newminstcr Chartiilary, Surt. Soc. No. 66, pp. 1S0-1S2. See also below under Cowpen.

'He was e.NCused payment of the Gahvay scutage ; Pipe Rolls, p. i^2. In 11 76 he was fined ten
marks for a final concord made wrongfully by him {ibid. p. 25). He was fined two marks in II 78 for
making a groundless suit {ibid. p. 29), and three marks for concealing pleas of the Crown and two
marks for a final concord in 1185 {ibid. p. 38). See also above, pp. 73, 75, 99, and below under Newsham,

SEAtON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 39

as being the precursor of the constitutional crisis of 1213-1215. John
retorted by seizing the castles of the rebellious barons and taking their
sons with him as hostages on his expedition. Besides giving up his son,
Delaval was obliged to pay the large fine of a palfrey and a hundred
marks, and to find pledges for the amount. His sureties were Richard
de Umframville, Roger de Merlay, Robert de Muscamp, Nicholas de Mor-
wick, John Viscount, and John fitz Hugh.' The presence of his son in
the king's army may account for the fact that he was not called upon to
pay scutage on the Norman and Poitevin expeditions of 1201, 1202, 1203,
or 1206." He, or one of his family, served in person in the Scottish
campaign of 12 11.'

In 1 2 13 the discontented barons found a fresh occasion for setting
themselves in opposition to the king's wishes. King John had summoned
the feudal host for an expedition to Poitou, whither the northern barons
refused to accompany him, alleging that their tenure did not bind them to
foreign service. There may have been some foundation for their statement
and it is possible that their attendance in John's earlier campaigns was not
altogether voluntary. A temporary reconciliation was only arranged through
the interposition of Cardinal Nicholas.* During John's absence in Poitou,
the malcontents met at Bury St. Edmunds, where they engaged themselves to
force the king to reform the liberty of the Church and of the realm, and to
abolish evil customs.* On his return John attempted to force a scutage upon
those barons who had refused to follow him. He was in the main successful.
With the exception of Eustace de Vesci, who remained recalcitrant, all
the Northumbrian barons, including Gilbert Delaval, were forced to pay."

Discontent was growing to a head. In Easter week of 12 15 (April 19th
to 26th) the northern barons met at Stamfordham. Their names have been
recorded. The majority came from Yorkshire ; but there was a strong
Northumbrian element, comprising Eustace de Vesci, Robert de Ros, John

' Rotidi de ohlatis et finibus, Record Com. p. 112. An erroneous reason for the fine, ' quare malus
placitator est,' is entered and crossed out. The cause of contumacy is given by Roger of Hoveden,
Chronica, Rolls Series, vol. iv. p. 161.

-Pipe Rolls, pp. 79, 81, 85, 96. He paid scutage, however, for the abortive e.xpedition of 1205 ;
ibid. p. 89.

' Ibid. p. 1 1 1. He paid his fine for the Welsh campaign of the same year.

' Ralph de Coggeshale, Chronicun Anglicanum, Rolls Series, p. 167. ^ Ibid. p. 170.

° Pipe Rolls, p. 117. The disturbed state of Northumberland is illustrated by the fact that there are
no Pipe Rolls for that county for the years 121 2 or 1213. The roll printed by Hodgson for 1213 belongs
to the year 121 1.

140

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

fitz Robert, William Mauduit and Gilbert Delaval.' John had full warning
of their approach. On March 30th he wrote to Delaval commanding him
to deliver back to the sheriff, Philip de Ulcotes, the hostages who had been
restored to him.^ From Eastertide the movement lost its local character
and became thoroughly national. The northerners needed the support of the
Church and of the constitutional party among the barons before they could
extort from John the Great Charter of Liberties at Runnymede. But the
movement had its origin in the grievances of certain barons north of the
Humber ; and the constitutional crisis that created Magna Charta grew
from a doubtful point of Northumbrian land tenure.

No sooner was Magna Charta signed than both parties prepared for
civil war. Indeed many of the northerners hurried away before the terms
of the charter had been finally settled.' In many counties the royal officers
were dispossessed and the barons put members of their own party in charge
of the administration. In Northumberland, where Robert de Ros assumed
command,^ the absence of Pipe Rolls for four consecutive years (12 15-12 18)
shows that local administration passed out of the hands of the king's officers.
The barons of that county invited Alexander II., king of Scotland, to resume
his father's earldom, and did him homage at Felton on October 2 2nd.^
In the following January their punishment came. The baronial leaders
submitted or fled at John's approach, their castles were captured and the
country ravaged. What course Gilbert Delaval adopted is unknown. On
January 9th the king marched from Newcastle to Bedlington," possibly by
way of Seaton Delaval ; but no stay was made there, and it is improbable
that Delaval possessed a stronghold that required to be reduced.

When John had departed, the Northumbrians again threw themselves
into the hands of the Scottish king, and more than two years elapsed before
the county was brought back to its allegiance. Among the rebels who then
obtained pardon and restoration to their estates was Robert Delaval, a
younger son of Gilbert Delaval.'

' Roger of Wendover, Flores Historiarum, Rolls Series, vol. ii. p. 114.

■ Rot. Lit. Clans. Record Com. vol. i. p. 192.

'' Walter of Coventry, Memorialc, Rolls Series, vol. ii. p. 222. ' Ibid. p. 224.

' Chronicon de Mailros, Bannatyne Club, p. 121. " Hardy, Description of the Patent Rolls, Record Com.

' Robert Delaval received pardon on October 30th, 1217. Other Northumbrians to whom pardons
were granted at the same time were Richard Bertram, Thomas de burgo, William Deslint' (de Eslinton),
William Bataill, John de Tritlingetun, Mabel de Cler", Gilbert de Hanvill, William de Elsintun, Robert
de Glentestun, Gilbert Ansard, Jordan Heyrun, William de Merlay, Roger de Merlay, Alice de Stutevill,
John de Wisdeslade, and William de Mudden. Rot. Lit. Claus. Record Com. vol. i. pp. 338, 340, 341.

SEATON DELAY AL TOWNSHIP. 141

Alth-ough there is no record of a pardon granted to Gilbert Delaval, he
evidently made his peace with Henry III. In 12 19 he served on a com-
mission of enquiry into essarts in the royal forests of Northumberland.'
He served in person or by proxy in the Welsh campaign of 1223,- and
possibly assisted in the siege of Faukes de Breaute's stronghold of Bedford
in the following year.' He died about the year 1229, having held his barony
for sixty-three years. Though lacking territorial influence, he had played an
important part in national politics, and he left behind him a considerable
family provided with estates in various parts of the county. The eldest son.
Sir Eustace Delaval, succeeded to his father's lands. Sir Henrv Delaval had
two carucates in Newsham as a younger son's portion, and had also been
enfeoffed of half of the Bolbec manor of Benvvell, besides acquiring by
marriage a moiety of the considerable estates of Robert de Biddleston, and
by purchase a small property at Slaley.^ Robert Delaval held one of the
thirty fees of the Baliol barony.* John Delaval, another son, had an annual
rent-charge of seven marks upon the family estate." Engeram Delaval be-
came a monk, and died at a comparatively early age as conventual prior in
the abbey church of St. Alban's.

Sir Eustace Delaval sat on two commissions of enquiry into the state
of fortifications in the county,' and on several occasions acted as justice of
assize.* Besides granting a quarter of the manor of Hartley to the prior and
convent of Brinkburn, he endowed St. Bartholomew's nunnerv in Newcastle
with a perpetual rent-charge of eight shillings out of his estates.' He
appears to have taken part in the Welsh war of 1246,'" and in the Scottish
campaign of 1258, in which he met his death.

Sir Eustace Delaval died childless, whereupon his brother. Sir Henry
Delaval, succeeded to the barony. Sir Henry was a man of property, and
had already filled various important offices, having served as commissioner
for the delineation of the marches in 1246,'' and as justice of assize in 1250,
while in 1251 he had been appointed escheator for the county, an office

' Patent Rolls, 1216-1255, p. 2ig. - Pipe Rolls, p. 137.

^ Ibid. p. 141. He was then remitted scutage on one of his two fees by the king's writ.

* Three Northttmbyian Assize Rolls, Surt. Soc. No. 88, pp. 29-30.

* Pipe Rolls, p. 120. ° Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. i. p. 1 12.

' In 1241 and 1246, Close Rolls, 25 Hen. HI. m. 16 d. and 30 Hen. III. m. 14.
' In 1238, 1247, 1248, and 1250. " Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. i. p. 112.

'" He received quittance from the scutage of Gannoc in 1246 ; Pipe Rolls, p. 212.
" Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. i. p. 313.

14^ feARSDON CHAPELRV.

which he held until his death. He had acted with John de Halton as
assessor and collector of the tallage of 1252/ was again justice of assize
in 1259 and in 1261, and died in or before 1270. The altar tomb in
Seaton Delaval chapel possibly commemorates this knight or his elder
brother ; the face of the effigy is powerful, and is evidently a portrait of
the deceased.

Sir Henry Delaval had outlived his eldest son, Eustace Delaval, and
was succeeded by his grandson, Robert Delaval H., a minor. The marriage
of the young heir was granted on May loth, 1270, to Robert de Nevill, and
a grant of the custody of his lands was made two days later to Sir William
de Chabeneys and Osbert de Augo.^ On September 30th Chabeneys made
over his newly acquired rights to Nevill,' who subsequently sold both
wardship and marriage to Sir Guischard de Charron of Horton.*

Robert Delaval II. lost his life at the battle of Stirling, September iith,
1297, in which fight his young cousin. Sir Robert Delaval III., was taken
prisoner. The latter was eldest son and heir to Sir Hugh Delaval of
Newsham by a second marriage, and grandson of Sir Henry Delaval. In
131 1, on the death of Margery de Smytheton, sister and heiress of Robert
Delaval II., he succeeded to the family estates. He gave proof of his
loyalty to Edward II. by garrisoning Tynemouth priory at considerable
cost in 1 31 7, and defending the place against the attacks of Gilbert de
Middleton.** In 1326 he received custody of all places along the coast
between the liberty of Tynemouth and the river of Blyth."

By his wife Alice, daughter of Sir William de Felton, Sir Robert
Delaval III. was father of three sons, William, Robert and William junior,
upon whom he settled in his lifetime a considerable portion of his estates.
The manors of Brandon in Eglingham and Dukesfield in Slaley, and ap-
parently a moiety of that of Biddleston, were settled upon the elder

' Close Rolls, 36 Hen. III. in. 19 d. = Put. Rolls, 54 Hen. III. m. 7 and 15.

' Cal. Charter Rolls, vol. ii. p. 156. * Three Northumberland Assize Rolls, p. 354.

' A nostra seyngnur le roi et a son conseyl monstre son bacheler Robert de la Vale que, come il fu
prise en son servys a la bataille d'Estryvelyne et reynt hors de meynes de les enemys d'Escocz pur cynk
centz marcs, et puys touz ces terres destrutz par les enemys et ars, par quel il ne peot de eux nule profyt
prendre ; e auxi la meson de Tyneniuth par le dit Robert et par ces gentz et par ces grantz coustages sy
ad este meyntenu countre nionsire Gilbert de Middelton et sa sute, tout le temps pusque le dit monsire
Gilbert leva encountre le roi, issi qe rien est remyse au dit Robert par quei il peot estre soustenu ;
dount il prie que il pleise au dit nostre seyngnur le roi granter et doner au dit Robert ascun parti de
vitailles pur sa soustenaunce a prendre de son vitailler au Neof chastell sur Tyne. Ancient Petitions,
No. 3,994.

'^ Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1324-1327, p. 210. The commission was renewed to him on August 19th, 1335 ;
Rut. Scutiae, Record Com., vol. i. p. 374.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 43

William and William's first wife, Ellen de Leybourne, in tail in 1322.'
There was no issue by this marriage, and when William Delaval married
a second time in 1333, his father granted to him and his second wife in
tail the manor of Callerton, and, subject to the life-interest of the settler,
the manors of Seaton Delaval and Dissington, and the moiety of Hartley.^
In 1349 Sir Robert Delaval III. settled upon his youngest son. Sir William
Delaval, junior, his lands in Benvvell, in tail male, with remainder to his

' Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego, Robertus de la \'ale, dedi, concessi, et hac presenti carta con-
firmavi, Willelmo, filio meo primogenito, et Elene, filie domini Roberti de Leybourn, maneria de Brandon
et Dokesfeld cum pertinenciis in comitatu Northumbr', habenda et tenenda de me et heredibus meis
predictis Willehno et Elene et heredibus de corporibus suis legitime procreatis, libera, quiete, bene et in
pace, reddendo inde annuatim michi et heredibus meis unam rosam ad festum Nativitatis sancti Johannis
Baptiste, et capitalibus dominis feodi illius pro me et heredibus meis alia servicia inde debita et consueta.
Et si contingat quod predicti Willelmus et Elena obierint sine herede de corporibus suis legitime
procreato, tunc, post decessum ipsorum Willelmi et Elene, predicta maneria cum pertinenciis michi dicto
Roberto de la \'ale et heredibus meis integre revertabunt. Et ego vero, predictus Robertus de la Vale, et
heredes mei predicta maneria cum pertinenciis prefatis Willelmo et Elene et heredibus de corporibus
suis legitime procreatis contra omnes gentes warantizabimus, acquietabimus, et imperpetuum defendemus.
In cuius rei testimonium huic carte sigillum meum apposui. Dataapud Eboracum die mercuric proxima
ante festum Ascensionis Domini, anno regni regis Edwardi, filii regis Edwardi, quintodecimo. Close Roll,
15 Edw. II., m. 10 d.

'' Hec est finalis concordia facta, etc., in octabis Purificacionis beate Marie, anno regni regis Edwardi

tercii a conquestu septimo, inter Willelmum de la Vale et Agnetem uxorem ejus,

querentes, et Robertum de la Vale, deforciantem, de maneria de Callerdon cum pertinenciis, unde placitum
convencionis summonitum fuit inter eos in eadem curia, scilicet quod predictus Willelmus recognovit
predictum manerium cum pertinenciis esse jus ipsius Roberti, ut illud quod idem Robertus habet de dono
predicti Willelmi. Et pro hac recognicione, fine et concordia, idem Robertus concessit predictis Willelmo
et Agneti predictum manerium cum pertinenciis, et illud eis reddidit in eadem curia, habendum et tenen-
dum eisdem Willelmo et Agneti, et heredibus de corporibus ipsorum Willelmi et Agnetis exeuntibus, de

domino rege Et hec concordia facta fuit per preceptum ipsius domini regis. Feet of

Fines, Northumberland, Edward III. No. 24.

Hec est finalis concordia facta, etc., in octabis Purificacionis beate Marie, anno regni regis Edwardi
tercii a conquestu septimo, .... inter Johannem de Seton capellanum querentem et Robertum de
la Vale deforciantem, de maneriis de Seton et Dissyngton cum pertinenciis, unde placitum convencionis
summonitum fuit inter eos in eadem curia, scilicet quod predictus Robertus recognovit predicta maneria
cum pertinenciis esse jus ipsius Johannis, ut ilia que idem Johannes habet de dono predicti Roberti. Et
pro hac recognicione, fine et concordia, idem Johannes concessit predicto Roberto predicta maneria cum
pertinenciis, et ilia ei reddidit in eadem curia, habenda et tenenda eidem Roberto et heredibus de cor-
pore suo exeuntibus de domino rege et heredibus suis per servicia que ad predicta maneria pertinent
imperpetuum. Et si contingat quod idem Robertus obierit sine herede de corpore suo exeunte, tunc,
post decessum ipsius Roberti, predicta maneria cum pertinenciis integre remanebunt Willelmo filio
eiusdem Roberti, et heredibus de corpore suo exeuntibus, tenenda de domino rege et heredibus suis per
servicia que ad predicta maneria pertinent imperpetuum. Et si contingat quod idem NVillelmus obierit
sine herede de corpore suo exeunte, tunc, post decessum ipsius Willelmi, predicta maneria cum pertinen-
ciis integre remanebunt rectis heredibus predicti Roberti, tenenda de domino rege, etc. Ibid. No. 25.

Hec est finalis concordia facta, etc., a die Pasche in quindecim dies, anno regni regis Edwardi tercii a
conquestu octavo, . . . inter Robertum de la Vale, chivaler, querentem, et Johannem de Seton de la
Vale, capellanum, deforciantem, de medietate manerii de Hertlawe cum pertinenciis, unde placitum
convencionis sommonitum fuit inter eos in eadem curia, scilicet quod predictus Robertus recognovit pre-
dictam medietatein cum pertinenciis esse jus ipsius Johannis, ut illam quam idem Johannes habet de dono
predicti Roberti. Et pro hac recognicione, fine et concordia, idem Johannes concessit predicto Roberto
predictam medietatem cum pertinenciis, et illam ei reddidit in eadem curia, habendam et tenendam eidem
Roberto de capitalibus dominis feodi illius, per servicia que ad predictam medietatem pertinent, tota vita
ipsius Roberti. Et post decessum ipsius Roberti predicta medietas cum pertinenciis integre remanebit
Willelmo, filio eiusdem Roberti, et heredibus de corpore suo procreatis, tenenda de capitalibus domims
feodi illius per servicia que ad predictam medietatem pertinent imperpetuum. Et si contingat quod idem
Willelmus obierit sine herede de corpore suo procreato, tunc, post decessum ipsius Willelmi, predicta
medietas cum pertinenciis integre remanebit rectis heredibus predicti Roberti, tenenda de capitalibus
dominis feodi illius per servicia que ad predictam medietatem pertinent imperpetuum. Ibid. No. 29.

144 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

second son, in tail male, and with ultimate remainder to his own right heirs ; '
and, before his death in 1353, he made a grant of Newsham in tail male
to his second son and namesake, Sir Robert Delaval IV.^

Sir William Delaval of Callerton died in 1350, leaving a young son
and heir, Sir Henry Delaval II., who, on the death of his grandfather three
years later, succeeded to Seaton Delaval, Dissington, and Hartley, under
the settlement of 1333. Sir Henry Delaval died childless in 1388. In
1372 he had given the estates of Brandon, Dukesfield and Biddleston to his
wife for her lifetime, with remainder, as to one moiety, to Nicholas de
Raymes, and as to the other moiety, to John de Selby. These he ap-
parently claimed to have inherited by reason of the death of his father's
first wife without issue, and the consequent determination of the limitations
created by settlement on the occasion of his father's first marriage. Sir
Henry Delaval's sister Alice, widow of John Whitchester of Benwell and
subsequently wife of Sir John Manners of Etal, succeeded to the remaining
properties subject to Dame Delaval's dower. She had issue by her first
husband a son and heir, William Whitchester, who was succeeded in 1408
by his son. Sir William Whitchester the younger.

On the death of Sir Henry Delaval, his cousin, John Delaval of
Newsham, son and heir of Sir Robert Delaval IV., put in a claim for the
estates settled upon Sir William Delaval of Callerton. The claimant
asserted that these properties had been settled in tail male, and that he was
entitled to them as next male heir of Sir Robert Delaval III. A com-
mission of inquiry was issued on November 6th, 1389, to Matthew de
Redeman, Thomas Umframvill, John de Felton, Thomas de Watton, and
Sampson Harding,' but was not executed. The commission was accordingly
revived on June 28th, 1408, in the persons of William Gascoigne (the well-
known chief justice), Sir Robert Umframvill, Sir Rogert Ogle, Sir John
Mitford (father-in-law of the plaintiflF), and Sampson Harding, one of the
old commissioners.^ Evidently the new commissioners found in favour
of Sir William Whitchester, for he continued in possession of his estates.
The existing fines show that the settlement of 1333 was made in tail and
not in tail male, and that John Delaval's claim was therefore unjustifiable.

' Flower's Visitation of Yorshirc, Harl. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 97. Flower appears to have had access to
the title deeds of Benwell, which had previously formed part of the archives of Tynemouth priory.

- This grant was made without the king's licence ; Inq. ad quod damnum, file ccc.xxxi. No. 6. See
below under Newsham.

' Qal. Pat. Rolls, 1388-1392, p. 144. ' Cat. Pal. Rolls, 1405-140S, p. 4S0,

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP.

145

WHITCHESTER OF SEATON DELAVAL AND BENWELL.

Arms : Per f/ss daitcelte, or and verl. Glover's Roll of Northern Arms, Ashmole MSS. 834.

John de Whitchester, = Alice, sister and heir of Sir Henrj- de la \'al, succeeded to Seaton Delaval about 1388, being

lord of half of the manor ' ' ' ' ~

of Benwell, married be-
fore 1388.

then about 40 years of age (/«?. p.m. 12 Ric. II. No. 54); married, secondly, Sir John
Manners of Etal, and died 26th December, 1402 ; inquisitions taken 29th January and
26th April, 1403 {Im].p.m. 4 Hen. IV. No. 27).

(I)

William de Whitchester,
son and heir, 30 years
of age in 1403 ; died
1 2th Feb., 1407/8;
inquisition taken l6th
May, 1408 (/«</. p.m.
9 Hen. IV. No. 23).

(2) Elizabeth [Bowes (/<)], widow of Bertram Monboucher of Horton ; had pardon for
marrying again without licence. l6th November, 1401 (Ca/. Pat. Rolls, 1401-5, p. 12) ;
married, thirdly, Roger de Fulthorp (^Early Chancery Proc. bundle 3, No. 145) ;
fourthly, before 14th October, 1423, Thomas Holden, steward of the palatine court
of Durham {Cal. Pap. Reg. vol. vii. p. 318) ; fifthly, Sir Robert Hilton ; had a con-
tingent remainder in entail of 1446 (^Fiet of pines, Hen. V'l. No. 11); died l6th
August, 1450 ; inquisition taken 24th October, 1450 (^/mj. p.m. 29 Hen. VI. No. 26).

Sir William de :
Whitchester, knt.
son and heir,
stated to be of
full .age in 1408 ;
recovered Bran-
ton, Dukesfield
and a moiety of
Biddleston in
1408 from Sir
Richard Goldes-
burgh (/«y. p.m.
10 Hen. VI. No.
44) ; died s.p.
before 1424.

Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
Thomas Grey ((4) of
Wark ; had dispensation
to marry her kinsman,
20th February, 1407/8
(C(7/. Pap. Reg. vol. vi. p.
135) ; married, secondly,
Roger de Widdrington ;
had lands in Dissington
and Callerton for dower ;
died I2th Jul)', 1454 ;
inquisition taken 24th
September, 1454 (/»y.
p.m. 32 Hen. VI. No.
20).

Elizabeth, married before 1424, Sir John Burcester ; heir to her half-
brother, from whose widow she recovered lands in Benwell in 1424
(/') ; was over 23 years of age in 1432 (/«?. p.m. 10 Hen. \'l. No. 44) ;
succeeded to Seghill on the death of her kinsman, William de la Val ;
conveyed that manor in 1441 to Robert Mitford {^peet of Fines,
Hen. VI. No. 9), on whom she settled Brandon in 1446 (Jliid.
Hen. VI. No. 12) ; conveyed the Whitchester moiety of Benwell to
Robert Rhodes in 1446 {ihid. No. 13), and made entail of her
remaining estates, in default of issue, on her kinsman, James
Horsley {ibid. No. 11); succeeded under entail of 1349, to the
Delaval moiety of Benwell, on the death of her kinsman, John
de la Val, in 1455 (l>) ; made a second entail of her estates in
1463 in favour of Marquis Montague (a) (jhid. Edw. IV. No. l) ;
died s.p. 15th May, 1469 ; inquisition taken 13th January, 1482/3
(_Inq. p.m. 22 Edw. IV. No. 28).

(a) Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

(3) Flower, Visitation of Yorkshire.

Evidences to Whitchester Pedigree.

Inquisition held at Morpeth, 20th April, 6 Hen. VI. (1428).

Thomas Howeden, esquire, and Elizabeth, his wife, who was wife of William Whitchestre, hold as her dower a
third part of the vills of Blakallerton, Seton and Dyssyngton, held of the king by a third part of two knights' fees ; and
Joan de Goidesburgh, who was wife of Henry de la V^ile, knight, holds as dower a third part of two parts of the said
vills ; and Roger de Woddryngton and Elizabeth his wife who was wife of William Whitchestre, knight, hold for
her life lands in the said vills ; and John Burcestre and Elizabeth his wife are seised of the other lands in the said
vills, of her inheritance. The said vills are held of the king by one knight's fee. Lay Subsidy Roll, '//.

Inquisition held at Morpeth, on Wednesday ne.xt after the feast of the .Assumption, 10 Hen. VI. (.August 20th,
1432), after the death of Joan, formerly wife of Henry de la Vale, knight.

She held in dower, after the death of the said Henry, for life, of the inheritance of Elizabeth, wife of John
Burcestre, sister and heir of William Whitchestre, knight, son of William Whitchestre, son of Alice, late wife of
John Whitchestre, sister of the said Henry, and kinswoman and heir of the said Henry de la Vale, a third part of the
manors of Seton de la Vale, Northdissington and Callerton, together with a third part of one messuage and twelve
acres of land in Haliwell, and a third part of the issues, profits, fealties, suit of court and suit of mill of Seton, and a
third part of a yearly rent of 26s. 8d., viz., 8s. lojd. from the lands formerly of Stephen Lescrop, knight, William
de Vescy and William Haliwell, in Haliwell, parcel of the said manor of Seton, and a third part of a moiety of the
manor of Hertlawe. All the premises, except Callerton and Hertlawe, were granted by John de Seton, chaplain, to
Robert de la Vale, in tail, by fine levied 7 Edw. III., by name of the manors of Seton and North Dissyngton. -And the
said third part of the moiety of the manor of Hertlawe, together with two parts of the said moiety, the said John, by
name of John de Seton de la Vale, chaplain, granted to the said Robert by name of Robert de la Vale, knight, for life,
with remainder to William, son of the said Robert, in tail.

Vol. I.X.

146

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

The said Robert, being seised of the said manor of Callerton, granted it, by fine levied 7 Edw. III., to William
de !a Vale, his son, by name of William de la Vale, and Agnes his wife, in tail.

After Robert's death the said William, his son, was seised of all the premises, in tail ; from him ihey descended to
the said Henry, formerly husband of the said Joan, as son and heir of William and Agnes ; from him they descended
to Alice, late wife of John Whitchestre, as his sister and heir, because he (Henry) died childless ; the said third
parts being assigned to the said Joan as dower, with reversion to Alice, after whose death the right of reversion
descended to William Whitchestre, her son and heir, and from him to William Whitchestre, knight, his son and heir ;
and from him to Elizabeth, wife of John Burcestre, his sister and heir, William dying childless.

In Michaelmas term, 8 Hen. IV., William Whitchestre brought a writ de forma donacionis against Richard
Goldesburgh, knight, and the said Joan, then his wife, of the manors of Duxfeld and Brandon, a yearly rent of eight
marks from the manor of Branton as parcel of the said manor of Brandon, and a moiety of the manor of Bitelesden,
and recovered his seisin thereof against them ; wherefore it is clear to the jury, to whom the record is shown, that Joan
did not die seised thereof. Inq. p.m. 10 Hen. VI. No. 44.

At the same time, in 1408, Sir William Whitchester recovered from
Sir Richard Goldesburgh and Joan his wife, widow of Sir Henry Delaval,
the manors of Brandon and Dukesfield and the moiety of Biddleston
which had been settled upon the said Joan in 1372.^ These properties
had been settled in 1322 in special tail upon Sir William Delaval of
Callerton and his first wife. As Sir William Delaval had had no issue by
this marriage, the entail terminated at his death, but the plaintiff contended
that a parallel settlement had been made upon the occasion of Sir William
Delaval's second marriage. His contention was upheld, and the judgment
that was given for him nullified Sir Henry Delaval's dispositions in favour
of the Raymes and Selby families. -

Not only had the value of the Delaval property been greatly re-
duced by pestilence or Scottish raids,^ but it was heavily burdened with the

' Inq.p.m. lo Hen. VI. No. 44 ; compare Wrottesley, Pedigrees from the Plea Rolls, p. 257.
- Inq. p.m. 24 Edw. III. pt. i. No. 104.

^ The valuations given in the inquisitions post mortem which may be taken for want of better
evidence, show the depreciation of property during the Scottish wars.

Property.

Yearly

Value.

258.

1296.

311.

1350-1353-

I s.

s. d.

s d.

Black Callerton

16 14

9 If

2 6

North D

ssington ...

20 14

16 10

12 0

Seaton Delaval

57 12

6 I

8 4

Hartley

S 10

13 II

10 73

Holywell

Total £

I 17

3 10

ue.

4 I

.. i:io5 8

107

9 9l

^59

17 6A

Yearly

483.

€^

Black Callerton

North Dissingtor

Seaton Delaval

...

''. 26

Hartley

Holywell

Total

...

•• £s(>

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 147

portions of long-lived dowagers, namely, Joan Goldesburgh and Sir William
Whitchester's stepmother, Elizabeth Holden, afterwards baroness Hilton,
and, when Whitchester died, additional dower was provided for his widow in
Dissington and Callerton. His half-sister and heir, Elizabeth Whitchester,
came into a greatly diminished and impoverished estate. Moreover, she
and her husband. Sir John Burcester, were compelled to take legal action
against the widow of Sir William Whitchester in order to enforce their
claims to the manors recovered from Dame Goldesburgh in 1408.'

The death of Joan Goldesburgh in 1432 set free the lands which
she had held in dower for upwards of fifty years. Before the year 1441
Dame Burcester's kinsman, William Delaval of Seghill, died." He was the
grandson and last male heir of Sir William Delaval, junior, upon whom the
Delaval lands in Benwell had been settled in 1349, and, besides that estate,
he held the manor of Seghill, of which he had enfeoffed his step-father,
William Ellerby, to hold to uses. Elizabeth Burcester and her husband
thereupon sought the aid of the Chancellor to enforce Ellerby to fulfil his
trust, which was apparently in favour of the petitioners. The fact that they
immediately afterwards sold Seghill for £100 to Robert Mitford shows that
they were successful, but may also imply that Mitford had already a claim
upon the estate.^

In accordance with the terms of the entail of 1349, John Delaval of
Newsham, son of Sir Robert Delaval IV. of that place, succeeded to the
Delaval moiety of Benwell.^ John Delaval and Elizabeth Burcester now
shared between them the entire Delaval inheritance, and as Dame Burcester
had reached a time of life that made children an improbability, John Delaval
had a reasonable expectation of succeeding to the lands which he had once
unsuccessfully claimed as his own, and to which he stood heir presumptive.
He had, however, only one child, a daughter, Elizabeth.

Some twenty years earlier, in 1423, Elizabeth Delaval had found a
husband in the person of a young lawyer, John Woodman, alias Horsley."

' Wrottesley, Pedigrees from the Plea Rolls, pp. 313-314 ; Flower's Visitation 0/ Yorksliire, p. 99.

- It is possible that the Seghill branch of the Delavals came to be represented in the female line by
a Norfolk family, for Ralph de Sherington of Sherington {cirea 1400) is stated to have married the only
daughter and heir of William Delaval of ' Segdon ' in Northumberland. Harvey's Visitation 0/ Norfolk,
1563 ; East Anglian, vol. iii. p. 342.

' See above, pp. 6S-69. ' * Flower's Visitation of Yorkshire, p. 98.

' 1438. Johannes Horsley, apprenticius legis, habet terras et tenementa et redditus in comitatu
Northumbriae, villa Novi Castri super Tynam, et infra libertatem de Hexhamshir, annul valoris ultra
reprisas xiv". Lay Subsidy Roll, ^^.

148 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

The name of Woodman or Wodman is met with as a family of sufficient
antiquity but little note in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Some of its members
appear to have settled in the neighbourhood of Hexham, where John Wood-
man, a mason by trade, held some property at the close of the fourteenth
century.' John Woodman, junior, the mason's son, added to his paternal
inheritance by the acquisition of a house and a few acres of land in Horsley,
in the parish of Ovingham, and on the strength of this transaction, exchanged
his surname for that of Horsley," a fact which has led later genealogists
to find him an ancestry among the Horsleys of Outchester.' The articles
of his marriage with the Delaval heiress are given below.

This endentur witnesseth 'at it is accordit betwyn John Dalavall on the a partye and John Horsley
on the th'othir partye that the sayd John Delavale and Margaret his wiffe schall infefife and mak suere
estate in fee sympill to John the son of William Mitford, John the brothir of the seyd William, and to
Gererd of Mitford, of all ther landis and tenements in Neusome and Blythesnuke, in the rounte of
Northumbreland, befor the fest of Seint Michaell the Arkaungell next comynge, or ellys in all the gudly
haste that may folowe the forseyd fest, whilke feoffes schall make feoffment of all the lands and
tenements aforeseyd, etc., to the foreseyd John Horsley and Elesabeth, doughtre and heyre to the seyd
John Dalavale and Margarete, to have and to hold all theys lands and tenements, etc., unto the forseyd
John Horsley and Elesabeth and to the heires of there ij bodyes begetan for ever more, and for the
defaute of yschewe of ther ij bodyes begetan, etc., to the ryght heires of the forseyd John Dalavale or to
whome that he will that the remayndre schall be. And this same John Horsley and Elesabeth schall
make a lese to the forseyd John Dalavale and Margaret of all the lands and tenements in Newsome
aboveseyd for terme of the liffes of the forseyd John Dalavale and Margaret, savynge to the forseyd
John Horsley and Elesabeth all the lands and tenements, etc., in Blythesnuke, with fyschynge and all
maner of fredome longynge therto, and savynge also to the forseyd John Horsley and Elesabeth and to
the heyres of ther two bodyes getton the revercion of all the forseyd lands and tenements in Newsome
aboveseyd ; or ellys the forseyde feofees, that is to sey, John the son of William of Mitford, John the
brothir of the seyd William, and Gererd of Mitford, standynge in ther estate of the lands and tenements
aboveseyd, schall graunt a rent-charge be dede indented to the forseyd John Dalavale and Margarete,
for terme of ther lives, of .xx marc yerely to be takyn of all the lands and tenements aboveseyd, appon
certayn condicons, that is for to sey : yf the forseyd John Horsley and Elesabeth suffre the forseyd John
Dalavall and Margarett take continually the profets for terme of ther lyfes all the lands and tenements in
Newsome, etc., savynge alhvey to the forseyd John Horsely and Elesabeth schall frely and peaseably
have and injoy Blythesnuke with all maner lands and tenements, etc., as mekill and as largely as all the
tenands sometyme duellynge in Blythesnuke occupyed and held when it was most fully plenyshed and
inhabet, etc. And it is also accordit that the forseyd John Horseley be the grace of Gode schall wedd

' As 'Johannes Wodman, mason,' he granted all his lands in Northumberland, Hexham and
He.xhamshire, on January 20th, 1402, to Robert Wyse and John Baudwyn. Water/ord Charters, No. 64.

- John Horsley, under the style of 'Johannes Horsley, filius et heres Johannis Wodman ' granted to
William Coke and to Patom Wodman his brother two burgages, half a burgage, and ten acres in
He.xham 'que habui jure hereditario post decessum Johannis Wodman patris mei,' October 31st, 1413.
Waterfoni Charters, No. II. Under the same appellation he made over to Robert Elmet, on February
i8th, 1424/5, a rent out of a tenement in Hawkwell, 'quod quidem tenementum prefatus Johannes
habuit de jure et hereditarie post decessum prefati Johannis Wodman, patris sui.' Ibid. No. 10. The
lands in Horsley, comprising a messuage, croft, and i\\ acres, were derived from a grant made by
Adam Hagman in 141 3 to Robert Wyse for life, with remainder to John, son of John Wodman {ibid.
No. 15 ■), and lay in the parish of Ovingham {ibid. No. 74).

' See vol. i. of this work, p. 204.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 49

and have to wifie the foreseyd Elesabeth, doughtre of the forseyd John Dalavale ; and the seyd John
Dalavale hath graimted and schall gyfFe in mariage to the seyd John Horseley with the saym Elesabeth
xx" of Ynghsh mony, wheroffe x" schalbe payed in hand befor the esspoucell, and the odir x" at
Whitsonday and Martynmesse next after that wettynge folowand, etc. And the mariage aboveseyd
schalbe done at the costes of the forseyd John Dalavale, and he schall array his doughtre in all nianer
of thyngs longynge to hir, onestly acordynge to his degre. And also the seyd John Dalavale schall
fynde and in housald kepp the forseyd Elesabeth his doughtre iiij yeres after ye spousall, as in mete and
drynke and beddynge, and also the seyd John Horseley, his man and his horse, att all tymes at his
comyng in to countre as long as he will abyde in the houshold of the seyd John Dalavall. And also it is
accordit that the forseyd John Dalavale schall deliver to the seyd John Horseley and Elesabeth all
maner of evidence that he hath or may gett towchynge all the lands and tenements aboveseyd, etc.
And also the seyd John Delavale schall no thynge in tym to come do ne make to be done that may
turne one disherittynge or hynderynge of title, etc., that be possibilite may come, yf God will, in tym
comynge to the forseyd Elesabeth or hir heyres, as heyres or heyre to the forseyd John Dalavale, or els
as heyre or heyres to any othir auncestir of his, etc. And also what tym the forseyd John goyth
with his wyfFe to his aune howsehold, the forseyd John Dalavale schall delivere to theym all maner of
stufte of houssold resonablye after his power, accordynge to his degree. In witnesse wheroffe, etc.
Writen at Newsome, this xxviij day of Septembre, the yere of the reyne of Kynge Henre the sexte,
etc., the secund. Theyre wetnesse, Bartraham Herbotell esquier, Robert of Musgrayffe esquier, Robert
of Mitford, Alisaundre Mitford, Thomas Lame, and mony othirs.'

Neither John Horsley nor his wife lived to enter into the Delaval
estates. Their eldest son, James Horsley, consequently stood next after
John Delaval of Newsham in order of succession. John Delaval and his
grandson apparently consented in 1446 to the barring of the entail, in
order to allow Sir John Burcester and his wife to settle their lands in
Brandon upon Robert Mitford of Seghill.^ At the same time the Burcesters
re-settled in tail the whole of the Delaval properties excepting Newsham
and the moiety of Benwell, which John Delaval then held, in favour of
James Horsley and his heirs, subject to their own life-interest and that of
Elizabeth, baroness Hilton, the mother of Elizabeth Burcester. In case of
failure of issue on the part of James Horsley, the ultimate remainder lay
with Robert Mitford of Seghill. Besides these several estates, Dame
Burcester held a moiety of the manor of Benwell, which had descended to
her through the male line of the Whitchesters. This she now sold for the
sum of ^100 to Robert de Rhodes.'

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

- The grant of Brandon was made subject to a yearly rent of ten marks payable to Sir John Burcester
and to Elizabeth his wife during their respective lives, and was further limited by the rights of dower in
the premises held by Elizabeth, baroness Hilton. Iiuj. p.m. 2g Hen. VI. No. 26.

" Flower's Visitntion of Yoi-ksliiyt-, p. 98. Flower's text is more correctly given in Harl. MS. 4,031,
fol. 121 b, than in the Norcliffe manuscript followed by the Harleian Society's editor. It there runs:
' Ista Elizabetha Burchester obiit sine exitu, de qua Robertus Rodes perquisivit tarn dictum manerium
de Benwele quam omnia alia terras et tenementa cum pertinentiis quae nuper fuerunt Willehni Whit-
chester in Benwell praedicto.' The date of sale is fixed by Feet of Fines, Hen. V'l. No. 13. It
may here be noted that the remaining moiety of Benwell passed, under the entail of 1349, upon the

150 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

James Horsley may be allowed to describe how the dispositions made
in 1446 were annulled and his own claims set aside in favour of the powerful
marquis of Montague, a course that may have been prompted by political
considerations.

Please hit your right honouralile lordship to cal to your noble remembrance, where afore this
youre lowely orator and true servant, James Delavale of Seton Delavale in the countie of Northumbre-
land, esquier, deliver'd at Tynmouth at your laste beyng there, unto ye hands of your noble. lordship, a
bill which shewed his very discent and title to and of certayne lands and tenementez in Northumberland,
to which same lands and tenements, rents and fynes, with th' apurtenaunces, one Dame Elizabeth
Burcestre was veray undoubted heir and possessor of the same, whiche same Dame Elizabeth released
by fyne at the coinoun lawe the right and title which she thenne had in al the said lands, etc., as in
reversion after hir deth to the saide James Delavale and Marjorie his wyfe, and to thair heires of thair
bodiez lawfully begotten, as by the said recorde of ye said fyne it more playnely appereth ; and, for
defalt of yssue of the bodiez of the saide James and Majorie, all the saide landes and tenementz wer to
remayne and belong to one Robert Mitford, esquier, and to his heirez in fe symple for ever ; so that
after that fyne so takyn by recorde the said Dame Elizabeth all the dayes of hir lyfe after stode in yat
behalf but tenant for terme of lyfe ; the which said Robert Mytford toke to ferme all the saide lands and
tenementez, etc., of ye saide Dame Elizabeth for a certayn yerely ferme to hir yeldyng.' Howe be that
one John Harbotell," which was broght up with the said Robert Mitford, and with him thenne had in
most singular trust, seyng and veraly knowyng th' avauntage of the saide trike, and that the saide
Robert Mytford was sore striken by a sudden palsy and was nat like to recovere, rode covertly unto the
late lorde Marquys Mountague, and him movid and stirred to by all the saide lands, etc., of the saide
Dame Elizabeth ; insomuch that afterwarde the saide Dame Elizabeth, as ane unstable and mysavised
gentilwoman, solde all the said lands, etc., to the saide late lord marquys,' natwithstounding she no
thing had in ye said lands but as tenant's terme of lyfe, as before is said ; by force and color of which
purchace the saide late lord marquys caused by his might the forsaid John Harbotell to entre into the
said land and to put oute the said Robert Mitford of his said tak ; the whiche late marquys, seynge and

death of John Delaval of Newsham in 1455, to Elizabeth Burcester. Flowers Visitation, p. 97. A
year previously, on Christmas Day, 1454, James Horsley had quitclaimed to Robert Rhodes all right to
the manor of Benwell. Ibid. p. 99. Although no record remains of a grant to Rhodes by Dame
Burcester of the Delaval moiety of the manor, there is little doubt that such a grant was made, and
that Rhodes afterwards made over the whole manor to Tynemoulh priory, of which he was reputed
a benefactor. This last event can perhaps be dated by a second release made by James Horsley,
under the name of James Delavale, on July 6th, 1472, the witnesses then being John Langton, prior
of Tynemouth, William Langton, sub-prior there, Thomas Harbottle, vicar of Ponteland, Robert
Rhodes, William Lawson, John Mytforth, William Shad, and William Weddall. Ibid. Rhodes appears
to have resided at Benwell until his death in 1473, for in the writ of diem claiisit extremum then
issued he is styled Robert Rhodes of Benwell. 35//1 Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 125. His conne.xion
with Elizabeth Burcester is brought out by his foundation in 1465 of a chantry in the chapel of St. John
at Stanhope, where a chaplain should pray for the happy estate of King Edward IV., George Nevill,
archbishop of York, Bishop Booth, Lady Elizabeth Burcester, the said Robert Rhodes, and Agnes his
w-ife. Hutchinson, History of Durham, vol. iii. p. 2S5.

' The lease was made prior to July 3rd, 1454. On that day Robert Mitford of Seaton Delaval
and Sir John Burcester, then sheriff of the county, carried off to Seaton, to the place of the said Robert
Mitford, one John Caruders, late of North Shields, whom Richard Arnold, merchant of Cromer, had
arrested for theft. They refused to gi\e up the thief to justice, or to restore the money which he
had stolen. Robert Mitford, according to Arnold's statement, 'by e.vtorcion oppression and othir
unlawefuU menes have the puple of the cuntre in swich rule and awe that no men of councell nor
othir dar openly seye ne do ayenst him.' Early Chancery Proceedings, bundle 24, No. 96.

■ The name of John Harbottle of Seaton Delaval occurs on the Durham Chancery Rolls in the
year 1468- 1469. 35^! Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 100. For his identity see below under Horton.

' The sale was made for ^400 and took place in May or June, 1463, ' per preceptum ipsius domini
regis.' Feet oj Fines, Edw. IV. No. i. For the licence for sale see Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1461-1467, p. 265.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 151

considering that he in no wise might he. made sure in lawe be the said Dame Elizabeth in that behalf,
considering the fyne tofore by hir made, confyrmed and caused the said James Delavale to be indicted
of felony in Nonhumbreland,' and, by force of that said untrue conspired indictenient, afterward
caused by his great myght the said James to be attached, by his order, in the high castell within
the Newcastell, which said high castell is within the countie of Northumbreland, and him there straitly
kepped in ward, and him frome thense caried as a prisoner to the castell of Wresyll, and from thense to
Westhetter, and from thense to London, and there and thaine by his great might and power caused and
compelled the said James Delavale, so beyng thaire in warde as a prisoner, for danger and feere of his
lyfe to come in his propre presence tofore th'erchbisshup of York, then chauncelar of England,'
brothir to the saide marquys, and there to release all such state, title, and right, as the saide James then
had or might hafe in the saide lands. After whiche done, the saide late marquys permitted and suffered
the saide James to departe thense, at his large, home into Northumbreland, where afterwarde the
saide James, greatly comforted that hit had liked the king's highnes (meoved rightwisly of God) to
restore and call yowe, his saide gode lord, unto your veray and true estate and enherytance,^ and that
the saide Dame Elizabeth was departed from this present life,' entred into all the saide lands, etc.,
as beneficell was unto hym, and contynuelly sith hidertowards hath kepped and yet kepeth his
possession as lawe wil and requireth.*

' The indictment was made by Marquis Montague when sheriff of Northumberland, which office he
filled from July 2Sth, 1466, to his death in 1471. See the certificate quoted below (Wnterjoni Charters,
No. 66).

■ Archbishop Neville was chancellor from March 15th, 1465, to June 8th, 1467.

" Henry, fourth earl of Northumberland, to whom this petition is evidently addressed, was restored
to his estates and earldom on March 2nd, 1470, and was murdered in 1489.

' Elizabeth Burcester died May 15th, 1469. Inq. p.m. 22 Edw. IV. No. 28.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. Further particulars are given in the following certificate :

To all lordes spirituall and temporall and othir the kynge ower soverayn lorde's officers and liege
men that this oure writing shall see or here. In so mekyll as it is meritorie and nedfuU to every trew
Criston man to recorde the trewth wher thes be requiryd, we, John, abbott of Newmestyr, Thomas,
abbott of AInewyk, John, prior of Tynemouth, William, prior of Brenkborne, Ewyn, lord Ogle, John of
Wodrington, sheryff of Northumbreland, John Emiey, master of Bamborg, John of Lilborne of Schawden,
William of Ogle of the same, Thomas Lile of Newton haule, Robert Lile of Felton. John Horsely of
Ulchesture, Edmond of Crausesture of the same, Thontas Foster of Eddirston, Thomas Carre of
Lilborne, esquires, William Woddrington, under sheryff, Thomas of Bradford, John Harbotell of Haropp,
Thomas of Fenwyk, .Alexander Mitford, John of Bewyk, crowners, John Carre of Chibborne, sertefyeth
that James Delavale is next of blode to Dame Elizabeth Burcesture, and as towchyng soche landes as
the said Dame Elizabeth had in Northumbreland, that is to say CaHerton, Dissington, Seton, Newsham,
Hartlawe, Hallywell, Betillisden, and fee ferme of Branton, the said Dame Elizabeth and hyr husband
Sir John Burcesture selde the reversion of the same landes to Robert of Mytford on this condicion, that
the said James and Margarie his wyfe, doughter to the said Robert Mytford, shold have the said landes
after the dissese of the said Dame Elizal^eth and her husband, to them and to ther hayers at ther bodis
lawfully bygeton for evermore, and for defaut of hayers of ther bodeys lawfully geton to remayne to the
said Robert Mitford and to his hayers in fee syraple ; and therupon the said Dame Elizabeth and hir
husbond rerid a fyne. Allbeit, after this, the said Dame Elizabeth was variaunt, and thorough the labur
and stering of ille-disposyd peple made a barg-yn with the Marqwis Mountague of the same landes. And
after this it was so that the sayd marqwis, beyng sheryf of Northumbreland, and Sir William Bowes, his
under-sheriff, gart attache the said James, and ther the said James fond borowys to appere at the next
sessions .Alan Byrde of the Newcastell and John Harbotell. Nowithstonding the said James was not
quitte of the said inditement, the said marqwis had him to London, and ther the said James relesyd to
the Marqwis Mountague for feer of lyfe. We understond that the said James, incontinent after that the
said Dame Elizabeth Burcesture dissesyd, enterrid as to his eneritance upon Callerton and Dissington,
whiche is chefe of the said landes, and occupied them and toke the fermes by the space of a yere in the
said marqwis' dayes, and in like wyse the said James at the same tyme went to Seton Delavale, and
askyd deliverey therof, bot at it was kept fro hym a stronge hand. In wetnesse hereof we have sette
owre seallis. Waterford Charters, No. 66.

The seals of the testifying parties are attached to this certificate, but are, almost without exception
in poor condition. Its date may be fixed by the shrievalty of John Widdrington, as falling between
June 4th, 1 47 1, and August 14th, 1474.

152 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

In spite of the release which he had been forced to give to Marquis
Montague, James Horsley took advantage of Dame Burcester's death in
1469 to make seizure of Bhick Callerton and North Dissington, of which
he possessed himself on the anniversary of his kinswoman's death (May 15th,
1470). He had to wait until Easter Day, 1471, when Montague fell at
Barnet fighting against the Yorkist king, before he could gain entry to
Seaton Delaval and the remainder of the estates.' His position was secured
by the attainder of the marquis. The Crown did not take any steps to
institute an enquiry into the disposal of Dame Burcester's lands until
December 22nd, 1482, when a commission was appointed." Consequent
upon the return then made,^ a royal pardon was granted to Horsley on
July 9th, 1484.' With the overthrow of the house of York, the heirs of
Marquis Montague renewed their claims,'' but without success. James
Horsley strengthened his hold upon the family estates, in right of which
he had assumed the name of Delaval. The following curious memorandum
shows him scheming for the advancement of his house :

It is to rememyr at soche tyme as William Blaxton, late of the Newcastell,' labyrred to James
Delavale for the marriage of John Delavale, son and hayer to the sayd James, to his doughter, the
sayd William by his endenture promisyd the said James for a dowery of his said daughter ccc marcs
to be payd at serten teymys, and bound hymselfe therupon by his obligacione for the whiche summe,
and James schold have enfeffyd his said son and the sayd William's daugter Angnes in xx'° marc of and
oever the ccc marcs. The said James hath resseyvid theise parcelles folowyng : at on tyme, xxxiij* iiij'' ;
item, anoder tyme, xxxiij" iiij"* ; item, anodyr tyme in wolen cloth vj yerdes, per the yerd v', summa xxx";
item, xx"" stone yron, the stone iiij'', summa, vj' viij'' ; item, halfe a barell sope, vj' viij* ; item, a pype
red wyne, liij^ iiij'' ; item, a pype of clarett wyne, xP ; item, a countyr, xxvj' viiij'' ; item, at anoder
tyme, x' ; item, at anoder tyme, x" ; item, at anoder tyme, xiij' iiij'' ; item, a cobell, xxvj' viiij'* ; item, a
chespyll, vj' viij"" ; summa totalis xiiij'' xvj' viij". And the sayd James hath divers tymes callyd upon
the sayd William for the residew of his money as his days of payments grewe, bot in no wyse he cowde
gett it. And wheder the said William was of power or nay to fulfylle his covenauntes, or wheder
he pykyd with his bargyn or nay, we can not say ; bot ther upon all matters stoppyd in the sayd
William Blaxton's defawte. And notwithstondynge this, the sayd William Blaxton complaynid to my
lord of Northumbyrlond of the sayd James, and causyd my sayd lord to send for the sayd James to
Warkworthe, and ther his lordsliippe examinyd the said James of the matter how it was. And, whan he
had harde James' declaracion, he put the matter to his counsell, and thei avisyd the sayd James and
William to chese edyr of them ij men of ther frendes. And at the Neucastell, my lord kepyng his
courte of wardenre, the said James toke for hym the vecare of Ponteland and John Harbotell of
Tynmouthe, the weche John Harbotell the said William refewsyd ; and the sayd William chase for
hym Recheid Stevynson and Robert Harden of the Newcastell ; and, notwithstondynge that the said

' Imj.p.m. 32 Edw. IV. No. 28. ■- Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1476-14S5, p. 344.

' Inquisition held at the king's castle of Newcastle, January 13th, 1483 ; Inq. p.m. 22 Edw. IV. No. 28.

' Waterford Charters, No. 62. ' Cal. Inq. p.m. Henry VII. vol. i. p. 75.

" Mayor of Newcastle 1467-1468 and 1470-1474, and representative of that town in parlia-
ment, 1472.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 53

William had chalengyd the sayd John Harbotell, the said James put the matter of this odyr in
dayers (?), and, whereas in ther first bargyn by ther endentures, and all covenauntes had beyn kept,
the said James schold have enfeffyd his son and hayer and the said William's daugter in xx'° marces
yerly, the sayd vecare of Ponteland, Recherd Stevynson and Robert Harden agreyd them and awardyd
that the said William schold lay all the forsayd feffemcnt apart, as well Duxfelde as odyr, and take
a feffement of vj marces by yere, that is to say, iiij marces in Hedwynne, ij nobulles in Horsley upon
the water of Tynde, and ij nobulles in Halywell, the weche fefment the said William toke up by the
space of vj yere. And yit notwithstonding this, and that the sayd James had fulfylde his promise
at all tymes in all soche thynges as cowde be thoughte by my lord of Northumbyrlonde's counsell
and ther frendes, makyng the end bytwyx them as is aforesayd, the said William Blaxton coniplaynid
and laburryd ageyne to my sayd lord and informyd his lordschippe that the sayd James' son and heyer
wold nay of his dougter, and therupon causyd my lord to send for the sayd Jaines to the entent that
my lord scholde have causyd the sayd James to have agreyd with the sayd William in so mekyll as he
sayd that the son of the sayd James wolde nay of his dougter, the weche the sayd James understode
never that in his son afore that tyme at the sayd Williain owtyrryd it hymselfe to my sayd lord and
his counsell, and that will the sayd James make goud as hym owe to do. And the said James at that
tyme was excewsyd of his comyng to my lord because he had a sore legge, and also that his wyfe lay
seke in perell of hir lyfe. And then the said William, seeing this that the said James myght not com
to my lord, laburryd to the vecare of Ponteland and wrote to hym in lettyrs, desyeryng that he wold
poynt a day, what tyme he scholde com over to Seton to speke with the said James, and so cam over,
and ther felle in comonyng, and brake to the sayd James for a deforte bytwyx the sayd James' son and
his dougter, the weche the said James never entendyd nor desyeryd but by the sayd William's awne
mosyon and labur ; and ther furthwith agreyd afore the sayd vecare of Pontelond that the sayd James
schold gyf the sayd William for the same deforte 1", wheroff xx'" to be payd in hande the Thorsdey nex
after, to be takin in nett and schepe as thei cowde acorde, the weche the sayd William had and
resseyvid at his day as was appoyntyd, and the overplus to have beyn payd in iij yere after, every yere
x''. Allbeat the sayd William Blaxton, because of gret nessessite he stode in, after this laburryd to the
sayd James and causyd the sayd James to lease hym at George Carre's handes in the Neucastell in
clothe vj marces. Item the sayd William had an aumblyng horse of the sayd James, p' iiij marces ;
item the sayd James to the vecare of Pontelond for the sayd William vij" x' ; item the sayd William
at anoder tyme laburryd to the sayd James because he had no goudes (?) to ryde his erandes
southwardes, the said William chevissagyd (?) at George Carr of the Neucastell ,\'', the weche x"
the sayd James stondes bond to pay to the sayd George and part hath payd ; and so the sayd William
hath resseyvid and is content of this 1'" " — xliiij'" " iij' iiij''. And the said James and William was agreyd
afore the vecare of Ponteland that the sayd William schold surrendyr up his astate and feffement and all
odyr writinges bytwene them, and to put them in the handes of the vecare of Bedlington, he to kepe
them unto tyme ware the sayd William Blaxton be fully content and payd the sayd 1'° ", and than the
sayd vecare of Bedlington to deliver the sayd feffement and writinges to James Delavale, the weche
restys yit stylle in the sayd vecare of Bedlington's handes. And also thei ware accordyd that the
forsayd James scholde make the coste of the on halfe the deforte makyng, and the sayd William Blaxton
the oder halfe, and that the vecare of Ponteland schold labur the matter by ther bothe assentes. And
whan the day cam thei schold have beyn deforcyd, the sayd William Blaxton rede his way southward
and causyd the master of the Maudlens in the Neucastell and on Sir John Sulope to delaye the matter
in his name. All be it the sayd William promisyd afore master Percy to fulfylle all his forsayd
covinauntes and bargyns ; and in leke wyse at the sayd William's ryding southwardes he was desyeryd
be Bartram Mytford to recorde his wille and entent in the same, and wheder he wolde fulfylle and byde
by his sayd promise or nay. And ther afore Thomas Newsom, a burges of the Neucastell, the sayd
William sayd he wold kepe and fulfylle all promises and bargyns that he had made with the said
James Delavale, and therupon desyeryd and prayde the sayd Thomas Newsom to recorde yf nede
ware what so ever happenyth hym in tyme comyng.'

' Marquis of Waterford's MS S.
Vol. IX. go

154 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Sir John Delaval, grandson of James Horsley, was the first member
of his family to take a prominent part in the affiiirs of the Border. In
a return made about the vear 1522 by the warden of the marches he was
reported to be able to spend ;^ioo yearly, and to serve the king with
fifty horsemen, and to be well minded to justice/ He served with the
warden at a fee of ;^6 r3s. 4d.,' and subsequently rose to be a pensioner,
having a salary of ^20/ At the head of his retinue he took part in many
a border foray throughout the reign of Henry VHI., from the casting
down of Blakatur in 15 19 and the burning of Kelso in 1523 down to
the bloody raid of 1544/ He was five times sheriff of the county. The
report made of him that ' he keepeth a good house and is a true gentle-
man ' ^ finds its echo in William Bullein's praise — ' Syr Jhon Delaval
knight hath bin a patron of worship and hospitalitie, most like a famous
gentleman during many yeares, and powdreth no man by the salt of
extorcion or oppressing his neyghbour, but liberally spendeth his salt,
wheat, and mault like a gentleman. I neede not put his name in remem-
braunce in my booke, for it shall lyve by immortall good fame when my
poore booke shall be rotten.' "

The almost feudal character of a great Northumbrian house in the
sixteenth century, with its numerous dependants, knit together by kinship
or by the equally close tie of master and man, prosecuting its blood-feuds
and submitting its grievances to arbitration without reference to courts at
Westminster, contracting alliances with Scottish clans or with the wild
reivers of the upper Tyne, can hardly be better depicted than by setting
out at length a few of the indentures preserved among the Delaval
muniments.

Indenture with the Halls of Redesdale.

This indenture made August 13th, 28 Henry VHI., betwixt Sir John Dalavaill of Seton Dalavaill,
knight, on the on partie, and AUexander Hall off Memarich, Parcivell Hall and Michaell Hall of the same
and Thomas Elsden of Elsden Mot on the other partie, witnessethe that it is covenaunt and agreide
betwixt the saide parties as hereafter doith enseue, that is to say, that the saide Alexander Hall, etc.,

' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. i. p. 68. " Letters and Papers, Hen. VIII., vol. iv. p. 2218.

' Ibid. vol. xii. pt. ii. pp. 104, 106 ; vol. xv. p. 193.

' Ibid. vol. iii. pp. 196, 1312 ; vol. iv. p. 112 ; vol. xix. pt. ii. pp. 372-373.

* Hodgson-Hinde, Northumberland, p. 348.

" Bullein, Book of Simples, ed. 1579. This is not the spirit, though the phrase be similar, in which
the authors of the Rolliad wrote of another Sir John Delaval, who had roused their wrath by taking an
Irish peerage from the Coalition ministry :

' Some better praise than this poor scrawl shall sing the fame of Delaval ;
For sure no song can ever pall that celebrates great Delaval.'

SEATON DELAVAI, TOWNSHIP. 155

shall not onlye save and kepe harmles the said Sir Jolin Dalavaill, his heires, tennantes, servauntes for
themselfifes, but also for theme and ther adorentes, that they, ne they ne ther adorentes, shall not knowe ne
wett the hurt, the losse, ne other inconveniauntes to the said Sir John, his tenauntes and servauntes,
and also make restitucion for certen goodes taiken out of Dyssington ; but iff they do, they shall lett
and stoppe it so fere forth as they maye or can, and, if they can not, to gyve warnynge and knowlcg'
to the said Sir John, his tenauntes or servauntes, wherthrowgh the said Sir John, his servauntes and
tenauntes, shall take noe harme ne losse so fer forth as they and ther adorentes may lett or stoppe it.
But they shall adde and strength hyme and theme so ferre as ther power may extende to hyme and his
heires. And also he and his heires to stonde goode and reasonable to them and ther succession
accordinglie to the same. And for the trewe and faithfull performans of the same the said Allexander,
etc., standes bound in a obligacion beringe dait herofif in the sume of ane c'' sterling. In vvitnes
wherof, etc.

Another Indenture with the Same.

This indenture maid the 17th dale of August in the ;ij'-'' yere of the reigne of our sovereigne
lady Elizabeth, etc., witnesseth that wheras dyverse controversies variances and debates heretofore
have bene moved and depending betwene Roberte Delavale of Seton Delavale in the countie of
Northumberland, esq', Henry Delavale, Thomas Delavale, Josua Delavale, Raiphe Delavale, Clement
Delavale, and Peter Delavale, gentlemen, there kynsmen, allyes and tolongers to the howse of Seton
Delavale aforesaid on th'one parte, and John Hall of Otterborne, William Hall of Wodhall, Ralph
Hall of Gressomes feild and Thomas Hall of Dortrees, alias Brenshawe, within the liberties of Riddes-
dale, in the said countye of Northumberland, gentlemen, there kynsmen, allyes and tolongers to there
severall howses, on th'other parte, concerninge certyne injuries, discourtesies and wrongs heretofore done
and supposed to be done by th'one naime unto th'other ; that ys to sae, for that first aboute 36 yeres synce
it was supposed that one Edward Delavale did then hurte one Andrewe Hall, alias Spyrle, upon some
sodden falling out and particler quarrell betwene they twoo then happeninge ; secondlye for that the said
Clement Delavale by chance fortuned to be at a conflict which latelie happened betwene Thomas Wod-
drington and Gawen Mylborne gentlemen, at which tyme bothe the said parties being slayne, yt was
supposed by some of the foresaid Halls, allyes to the said Thomas Woddrington, that the said Clement
Delavale was the murderer of hyme the said Thomas, who referreth himeselfe to th'almightie God and to
his countrye to trye his innocencie in that supposed murder;" and thirdlie for that some of the said Halls
did latelie assalt and affraie upon the aforesaid Henrye Delavale at Elsden in Riddesdale aforesaid, as
he was followmg there to rescue his neighbor's goods stoU'd towards Scotland, and there intended and
did there indeyvor to have slayne the said Henrye Delavale for the strife aforesaid, if by God's provi-
dence and the frendlie assistance of Percyvale Hall, alias Beyl's Percye, he had not bene rescued and
releved, notwithstanding that the hurts done to Andrew Sprile was longe since appeased, and that the
said Clement Delavale resteth upon his tryall as aforesaid for the death of the said Thomas VViddrington.
For the seasinge and paicifing whereof, as well the said Roberte Delavale, etc., as the said John Hall,
etc., by there severall and mutuall assents and consents have submytted and compromised themselves to
stand to, abide, performe, fulfill and kepe th'awarde, arbytrament, order, judgment, determination, decree
and fynall end of us, James Ogle of Causie Parke, Thomas Collingwood of Eslington, George Hearon of
Chipchase, Edward Graie of Morpeth castell, esq''% arbitrators indififerentlye elected, named and chosen
of both parties to arbitrate, etc., of, in and upon the aforesaid discawtesies and all other matters hereto-
fore depending in contraverse betwene the said parties. Whereupon we, the said arbytrators, haveng
called before us the said parties and thoroulie hard and considered there severall greves, allegations and
aunsweres on both sides, and considring how God's hevie wrathe and punyshment is threatned to be
laid upon malytious and blode-thristie men, and how good and godlie a deed yt ys to stablyshe that

' 'An indenture betwixt Sir John Delavale and the Halls of Tyndall and Rydsdale.' .Marquis of
Waterford's MSS.

■ For further information regarding the alleged murder see Star Chamber Proceedings, 33 Eliz.
bundle 2, No. 24.

156 EARSbON CHAPELRV.

goodlie iinytie and amytie which ought to be amongst God's childrene being contreymen, kynsmen and
nere neighbors one to another, and also how nedfull and requisit it is for the better service of our prince
and countrey to have the said parties agreed, have awarded, etc., and by thees presents do awarde, etc., in
maner and forme following, that is to sale — That the said John Hall, etc., shall well, honestlie, frendlie
and charitablie behave themselves towards the said Roberte Delavale, etc., and also towards the said
Percyvall Hall, alias Beyl's Percye, so as the same John Hall, etc., or any other persone or persones
whatsoever by there or any of there assents, etc., neither unlawfullie do nor procure to be done at any
tyme or tymes hereafter any hurte, etc., to the bodyes, goods and cattails of the said Roberte Delavale,
etc., in requitall of the foresaid hurt longe sence done to the foresaid Andrew Spirle by Edwarde Dela-
vale aforesaid, or in requitall of the late hurte supposed to be done by the said Clement Delavale unto
the said Thomas Woddrington, or in requitall of any other hurte, etc., whatsoever at any tyme or tymes
heretofore done or hereafter to be done by the said Roberte Delavale, etc. (Like behaviour enjoined on
the Delavals towards the Halls.) And further we awarde, etc., by thees presents that John Hall of Gres-
sonie feild aforesaid, William Hall of the Mote, Edward Hall, sone to the said John Hall of Otterborne,
and William Hall, alias Syme's Will of the Releys, shall at or before Michaelmas dale next coming, in
Wedow Hedly's howse in Morpeth, acknowledge unto the said Henry Delavale there abuses and
injuries done unto hym in assailing hyme as aforesaid, and there confesse themselves to be hartlie sorie
for the saime ; and that the said William Hall of the Mote aforesaid shall upon his knees, according to
the custome of the countrey, submytt hymeselfe unto the said Percyvall Hall, alias Beyl's Percye, at or
before the foresaid dale and in the aforesaid howse for the shedding of his blode. (The said John Hall
of Otterborne, William Hall of Keystres, Nicholas Hall of Fallalies and Roger Hall of Fallalies to give
bond for performance of the award on behalf of the house of Otterborne. The like to be done by
Ale.\ander, alias Sandye, Hall of Mimkrishe, Gabriel Hall of Attercropes, and Sandye Hall of Wodhall
on behalf of the house of Mimckrishe; also by the said Ralph Hall of Gressom's Field and Thomas
Hall of Dortrees, alias Brenshawe, for the house of Gressom Field.) In witness wherof, etc'

Indenture with the Frissells of Euerton.

Whereas at the commission holden at Barwyke, in the year of our Lord 1597, by the commissyoners
of our dreade soverayne ladye Elizabethe, queene of England, in the 28th yere of her highnes' raigne,
and by the commissioners of the right heighe and e.xcellent prince James the si.xth, kinge of Scots, in
the 30th yeare of his rayne, Thomas Frissell of Euereton, Scottsman, was before the said commissyoners
fyled of a byll at the suyt of Robert Delavale of Seaton Delavale, within the countye of Northumberland
in England, for the stealinge and takinge of two horeses frome Seaton Delavale, which horses were
sworne to fourty pownds sterlinge; and where Robert Frissell, lard of Eureton and eldest brother to
the said Thomas Fryssell, was by the sayd commissyoners appoynted and amongst others of his
cuntryemen delivered as pledge for the satisfyceinge of the crymes commytted within England by his
bretheten and frends, for which he hayth longe tyme remayned in Englande and as yet unfreed of
his trouble, to his great impoverishment and hurte ; haythe this daye, beinge the 19th daye of Julye,
1602, comed to Seaton Delavale and haythe agreed and satisfyced the said Robert Delavale for the
bill above named, by suche artycles and condytions as are here under wrytten, which he ys bound to
performe by giveing bothe faythe, promisse and bonde annexed to this present wrytinge, subscrybed
and sealed by him this daye, vowinge performaunce in all sorts uppon losse of credytt and utter
disgrace to him, his posterytye and house of Euerton for ever.

Firste, the said lard Robert Frissell of Euerton dothe the daye of the date hereof dely ver at Seaton
Delavale his brother Thomas Fryssell with good consent, the fawter, to Mr. Robert Delavale, without
condytyon, to use at his measure.

Secondlye, the said Robert Frissell, beinge nowe in poore estate by reason of his longe indurance
in England, and not hable to paye the byll above mentyoned, covenaunteth and promisseth to paye the
said some of 40 pounds to Mr. Robert Delavale and his heires, whensoever his estate shalbe answerable

' 'An indenture betwixt Sir John Delavale and the Halls of Tyndall and Rydsdale.' Marquis of
Waterford's MSS.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 157

thereto, and when Mr. Dehivale or his hcires shall call for yt. And he, to tlie performance of this
payment, dothe bynd bothe himselfe and his heires for the dischardg thereof; and to enter at Seaton
Delavale within 8 days warninge at any tyme in person, he or his heyre, and to mak payment of the 40
pound within 3 monthes after warninge given for the payment thereoff, without any delaye.

Thirdlye, the said Robert Frissell covcnaunteth and promisseth with his brother, Thomas Frissell
aforesaid, to Mr. Robert Delavale that the said Thomas Fryssell shall, at any tyme and frome tyme to
tyme so often as he shall be caled uppon, enter in person within 8 days warning at Seaton Delavale
uppon notyce had froine Mr. Robert Delaval, his heyre or any of his sonnes.

Fourthlye, the said Robert Fryssell and Thomas Fryssell dothe promys for themselffs, there sonnes
and brethren, frends and toolongers, that they nor any by there procurement or wryttinge, assenteinge
or knowledge, shall hurt by any maner of waye or meanes the said Robert Delavale, his sonnes, "frends
or toolongers by stouthe, slaughter or otherwyse ; and if in case anye of the house, famyly, or belongers
to the howse of Euerton in -Scotland doe suche lyke or any manner of hurte or wroonge to any of the
belongers of the Delavales, that uppon notyc thereof given to the lard of Euerton that shall then be, the
partye offendor to be delyver'd at Seaton Delavale, there to remayne under the payne and pleasure
of Mr. Delavale or his heires for his offence, and besydes to be accounted as a vyolator and breaker
of his honest credytt and good estematyon. And to the performance hereoff these of the howse of
Euerton that were present att the makinge of this present wrytinge have with full assent and promysse
for the performinge of the same, with the lard Robert Fryssell himselff, subscrybed to this wryting.

Fythley, the lard Robert Fryssell promisseth to cause his eldest sonne and others his children within
on six munthes after the date hereoff, together with suche of his bretheren as are novve not here present,
to enter at Seaton Delavale to Mr. Robert Delavale and his heires, to subscrybe and confyrme the same
in all poynts contayned in this wryting.

Sixtlye, that the lard Robert Fryssell, his sonnes and brethren, shall att any tyme uppon notyce
given of an hurt doune to any of the howse of Seaton Delavale or the dependers thereof, as frendes, fol-
lowers, tenants and servants, by any person in the reahne of Scotland, doe all and everye the uttermest
of there indevoure to learne thereof and give notyce and knowledge thereof to the cheiff of the house of
Seaton Delavale.

Seventhly, thatt all these artyckles and condytyons contayned in them shall be performed in every
sort, not only by the lard Robert Fresell, his sonnes and brethren nowe lyveing, butt that for ever the
posteryty of the house of Euerton shall keepe and performe the lyk to the house of Seaton Delavale,
without vyoalating any parte or poynt herein contayned, ever and forever caryinge and behavinge them-
selffs as spetyall frends, lovers, and trewe assured favourers of the house and famyly of Seaton Delavale
and belongers to yt, uppon payne of utter descredytt, shame, disgrace and losse of honesty to such as
break ye same and there posteritery. And in wytnes of the premisses and performance hereof and everie
article there conteyned, the sayd lard Robert Fryssell and Thomas Fryssell have subscrybed our names
and sealed this wrytinge with the resydue of our brethren and sonnes thatt are nowe here present, pro-
missing that our selffs, brethren and chylldren, shall att any tyme and all tymes hereafter be redye upon
8 dayes warning at Seaton Delavale to give what further securytye off assurance and kyndnes shall by
Mr. Robert Delavale or his heyres be demaunded or comanded att our hands or any that belonges us,
eyther sonnes, brethren or frends. Geven at Seton Delavale the 19th daye of July and the 43rd yere of
the reigne of our sovereigne lady Elizabeth, etc., 1602.'

Sir Ralph Delaval, great-grandson of the above-mentioned Sir John
Delaval, was a leading figure among the gentlemen of the county in the
reign of James I. His character, drawn with filial care by Thomas Delaval
of Hetton-le-Hole, shows him to have been a whole-hearted supporter of
the new religion, a careful ruler of a large household, not without scholar-

' 'An indenture betwixt Sir John Delavale and the Halls of Tyndall and Rydsdale.' -Marquis of
Waterford's MSS.

158 EARSDON CHAPELRV.

ship, but mainly occupied in county matters. As commissioner for the
Borders in the time of James I. he enjoyed a position of some moment,
and at home his power and influence were such as befitted the owner of
a great estate.

He kept an open, great, and plentifull house for entertainment, his owne family consisting dayly in
his house of threescore persons and above. He was a justice of peace, of the quorum, in commission of
oyer and terminer, the custos rotolorum, a deputy leieutenant ; he had been three times sheriff of
Northumberland ; he was a commissioner for the Borders, one of the high commissioners of Durham,
and was twise called up to give the king an account of the countrey affairs. His life was religious. He
kept a chaplaine ever in his house that read publik prayers dayly in his house and preached each Sonday
commonly in his chappell and taught and educated his children. He governed his people in excellent
order, and stocked and managed his whole estate himselfe, directing his servants dayly their severall
labours. He kept also the bookes of his cattell, corne, etc., and how they were disposed. He never rid
to any publike assembly without five or si.v men in liveries and two or three of his sons to attend him.
He never affected drinking. Cards nor dice, he never could abide them. He delighted much in the
company of his kinsmen and friends and entertayning of strangers in his house. His apparell ever
decent, not rich. He was a man of voluble tongue, excellent discourse and of good memory. He under-
stood the Latine and Greek tongues, and in his younger dayes did write much of severall subjects. He
understood the laws of the land expertly. His times of private devotions were dayly — at morne, noone
and night. He loved hunting but left it of, long ere he died. He was very zelous in his religion which
he openly professed to the last, and, having setled his estate by will of his own writing, taken the com-
munion, blessed his wife and children and desiring absolution of his sins from the minister, which done,
within 24 houres he made a calm and quiett period of his life.'

So large a household could not be maintained without considerable
expense, as may be seen from an account which Thomas Delaval has
recorded of his father's charges.

He paid to the king for the reprisall of Tinmoth rectory ^800. He paid for the purchase of
Whitefryers and building the house there in Newcastle, as I have heard him oft say, viis et mociis, ^600.
He paid to his household servants, cominttnibus anitis, yearely the sum of ^80. His charge in matching
of his eldest son, for the setling of his estate, upon that and other incidents he ever said cost him first
and last ^500. He gave his eldest daughter and hir husband and their servants three yeares' boord
in his house. He did the very like to his second daughter and hir husband after their marrage. Many
other great payments, charges and expenses he had in maintayning his children, his tillage, his charges
in country affaires, sherewicks and the like, which cost him very much. Yett for all as aforesaid he
never sold any part of the estate his father left him, save the tithe of Elwick in Bishoprick, which was
worth ;^35 per annum.'

The family estate had been subjected to annuities, to the amount of
_^i7i 13s. 4d., under the will of Sir Robert Delaval, father of Sir Ralph,
and had at the same time been partially dismembered by the grant of
North Dissington to Sir John Delaval, second son of Sir Robert, for life and

' ' A catologue of the acts of my father. Sir Raiphe Delaval, which he did for the bettering his house
and estate, with the honour he lived in, his great expenses, and the like ; ' e.xtracted from a manuscript
book compiled by Thomas Delaval, third son of Sir Ralph Delaval, in the possession of the marquis of
Waterford.

^ Ibid.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 59

for a succeeding term of years. Black Callerton was given in lieu of dower
to Barbara Delaval, widow of Sir Ralph Delaval's eldest son, Robert
Delaval, who died in his father's lifetime. The young widow was left with
an only child, his grandfather's heir and namesake, for whose wardship a
yearly rent of £ioo was due to the Crown. The manor of Horton,
purchased by Sir Robert Delaval in 1595, had been assigned, upon the
death of Sir Ralph Delaval, to his widow in jointure. Thus Seaton
Delaval and Hartley, with the moiety of Tynemouth rectory, alone remained
to bear all charges laid upon the estate.

Sir Ralph Delaval reckoned his total yearly outlay in annuities, rents
and wages at ;^3ii 6s. 4d., and his annual rental at ;^i,99i 13s. 8d.' Seaton
Delaval, Hartley and Tynemouth rectory alone brought in ^1,304 17s.; but
that sum left no large margin after the payment of ;^7oo yearly in the
additional annuities with which Sir Ralph Delaval had saddled his estate.
Matters came to a crisis when the dowager Lady Delaval married her
late husband's man, Francis Reed. Her angry sons discharged their step-
father from Seaton Delaval, threatening his life if he remained longer in
their service. Reed and his wife were in a position to retaliate. Lady
Delaval had received, under her first husband's will, two-thirds of his
personal estate." The remaining third had since been made over to her
to provide for the portion of a posthumous daughter. All the farm stock
was consequently in her possession, and this she removed to Horton,
leaving the heir's estate uncultivated and tenantless.

Tenants had to be found forthwith for Seaton Delaval and Hartley, but
the best rents that could be obtained did not amount to more than £j6^ per
annum, and this sum fell considerably short of the total charges upon the
property. Arbitrators were appointed to settle the difficulty. On October
2nd, 1630, they gave their award, abating Sir Ralph Delaval's annuities by
so much as was needed to balance the charges upon the landed property
with the revenue derived from it. This arrangement left;^ioo from Tyne-
mouth rectory as a provision for the young Ralph Delaval and the upkeep
of his house. It is hardly surprising that Barbara Delaval, acting in her

' Thomas Delaval has given the following valuation of the family estates according to his father's
estimate: Seaton Delaval, ^638; Hartley, £s\(> 17s. 6d. ; Horton, ^326 6s. 8d.; Black Callerton,
^2209s.6d.; North Dissington, ^140; the moiety of Tynemouth rectory, ;/; 150. Ibid.

■ Sir Ralph Delaval's personal estate was valued at ^2,934 6s. 9d., viz.: cattle, ^1,358 i6s. 6d.; corn,
£3(^7 3s- 3d-; 'distinct parcells,' apparell, plate, etc., ^575 14s.; household stuff, ^633 13s. From this
}iad to be deducted .£235 17s. 7d. in funeral charges and ^'748 2s. 5d. in payment of debts. Ibid.

l6o EARSDON CHAPELRY.

son's interests, refused to be bound by the award. A suit brought against
her in Chancery for the detention of annuities resulted in a second award,
made on September 14th, 1632, which re-affirmed the earlier settlement
but released the defendant from the payment of arrears.'

Ralph Delaval, for whose maintenance so much care had been
exercised, had scarcely reached manhood at the outbreak of the Civil
War. His marriage, at the age of twenty-four, with the daughter of the
famous Leslie, bound him closely to the Presbyterian party with which
he was sufficiently identified to be the first sheriff of the county appointed
under the Commonwealth. He was returned for Northumberland to
Richard Cromwell's parliament of 1659, as well as to the convention
elected in the following year. The Restoration brought him a pardon
and a baronetcy. Although he lost his seat in 1661, he came in on a
by-election on March 15th, 1676/7, and was re-elected to the three
subsequent parliaments. The character of the man, recalling that of the
elder Sir Ralph Delaval, is well brought out in an anecdote told of him
by Roger North.

I must not omit one passage which shewed the steddy constancy of that gentleman's mind ; which
was that, at the beginning of dmner, a servant brought him a letter, wherein was an account of a bag of
water which was broke in his greatest colliery. Upon which, folding up the letter, said he, 'My lord,
here I have advice sent me of a loss, in a colliery, which I cannot estimate at less than /7,ooo ; and
now you shall see if I alter my countenance or behaviour from what you have seen of me already ;'
and so fell to discoursing of these bags of water, and the methods to clear them, as if the case had been
another's and not his own. He said his only apprehension was that the water might come from the sea ;
and 'then,' said he, 'the whole colliery is utterly lost ; else, with charge, it will be recovered.' Where-
upon he sent for a bottle of the water, and finding it not saline as from the sea, was satisfied. Afterwards
we enquired if the water was conquered, and we were told it was not so bad as he expected. For it
seems that although £i,yoo was spent upon engines, and they could not sink it an inch, yet ^600 more
emptied it ; so that it had no more than the ordinary springs, and, in about six weeks, he raised
coal again."

Successful ventures in coal mining at Hartley, where he did much
to encourage trade by the creation of Seaton Sluice,^ provided Sir Ralph
Delaval with the resources necessary for attendance at court and Parliament,
and enabled him to make good matches for his sons ; but the marriage
of his heir, Robert Delaval, with the daughter of the earl of Newbrough,
an ' over-forward beauty ' of King Charles H.'s court, brought unhappiness,

' The two awards and numerous particulars concerning the value of the Delaval lands are given in
Thomas Delaval's book already cited.

- Roger North, Lift: of Lord Keeper Guilford, p. 138.

' See above, p. 127, and vol. viii. of this work, p. 23.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP.

l6l

occasioned extravagance, and ended in open rupture.' Robert Delaval
died at an early age in 1682, leaving no children, so that his next surviving
brother, Ralph Delaval, became heir to his father, whom he eventually
succeeded as second baronet.

In 1684 a marriage vv'as arranged and solemnised between Ralph
Delaval the younger and Diana Booth, daughter of Lord Delamere.
Under the terms of the marriage settlement, the succession to Seaton

|"R.T5BarriamI^

Seaton Lodge.

Delaval and Hartley was limited to Ralph Delaval, junior, and his wife, and
to the survivor of them, with remainder to the heirs male of their bodies,
and, for want of such issue, to John Delaval, second surviving son of Sir
Ralph Delaval, senior, subject to the payment of _^8,ooo for the portions
of his elder brother's daughters. A year after this marriage had taken
place, the old baronet quitted his manor-house of Seaton Delaval for the

' Some account of Lady Elizabeth Delaval, with extracts from her unpublished autobiography, are
given in Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newcastle, 3rd series, vol. i. pp. 149-153.

Vol. LX.

I 62 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Lodge, a large, and at that time new, thatched house standing in the dene
near Seaton Sluice/ There he spent the last six years of his life, while
his son and daughter-in-law resided in the manor-house. The second
baronet did not long survive his father, dying in 1696. His personal
estate went to pay his creditors, while Seaton Delaval and Hartley devolved
upon his widow under the terms of the marriage settlement.

Sir John Delaval, the third baronet and only surviving male repre-
sentative of Sir Ralph Delaval, senior, came into the possession of
Seaton Sluice, and the various coal mines, quarries and salt-pans upon
the estate. Like his father he continued to reside at the Lodge. His
sister-in-law, the widow of the second baronet, lived at Seaton Delaval,
which she brought by marriage to her second husband. Sir Edward
Blackett of Newby, in Yorkshire. Immediately after her death, in
October, 17 13, Sir John Delaval attempted to take possession of Seaton
Delaval and Hartley, but was resisted by the servants of Sir Edward
Blackett, whose claims upon the estate were not yet satisfied. Under
the marriage settlement of 1684 a charge of j<"8,ooo was due to Diana
Delaval, as only child of the second baronet. Blackett had taken
steps to secure this for his own family bv marrying the heiress to his eldest
son within two months of his own marriage with Diana Delaval's mother.
The young bride was only thirteen years of age, but the prospect of so
considerable a portion made it desirable to have her as daughter-in-law
as well as step-daughter. By certain articles of agreement then made it
was arranged that the portion of _^8,ooo should be paid to Sir Edward
Blackett, and that William Blackett, the husband of Diana Delaval, should
not meddle with it. Sir Edward Blackett strengthened his hold by taking
out letters of administration upon his daughter-in-law's death. The framers
of the settlement of 1684 had done their work badly. They had charged
the daughter's portion upon lands held for life by the parents, and had
left the next heir with no means of payment until the expiration of a life
estate. Taking advantage of this peculiar arrangement, Sir Edward Blackett
procured from the sole surviving trustee, in 1709, a conveyance of the trust-
estate, for a term of years defeasible upon payment of the charge of ;^8,ooo,
with interest at six per cent. By the time that Lady Blackett's death

' Mention of Seaton Lodge is first made in an indenture of 1670, wherein it is described as 'the
messuage called the Lodge in Seaton Delaval, heretofore in the possession of Thomas Haruood, master
and mariner.' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

SEATON DELAVAI, TOWNSHIP. 1 63

rendered it possible to pay her daughter's portion, the original ^8,000 had
increased to a total indebtedness of ^^14,624 12s. yd. As Sir John Delaval
refused to pay this sum, Sir Edward Blackett petitioned the Court of
Chancery for an order of sale of Seaton Delaval and Hartley manors, and,
on July 7th, 1 715, obtained from that court an order for the amount
claimed.'

Sir John Delaval, although 'an intelligent person and carefull,' found
it impossible to raise the large sum of money due to Sir Edward Blackett
without selling a considerable portion of his landed property. His design
was strongly opposed by his son-in-law, John Rogers of Denton, who had
married his only child, Anne Delaval, and it might possibly have been
postponed but for an offer for Seaton and Horton made by one of the
baronet's own kinsmen. Admiral George Delaval, the prospective pur-
chaser, belonged to a cadet branch of the family which had settled at
Dissington a century previously. His father, a small landowner with several
children, had left his family indifferently provided. A legacy of one
hundred pounds had been the sole benefit that George Delaval received
under his father's will ; but a combined naval and diplomatic career
brought him fortune and sufficient wealth, whether acquired in Portugal
or Morocco, to purchase the forfeited Shafto estate of Bavington, to
buy Sir John Delaval's lands and to employ Vanbrugh as his architect
for the noble hall of Seaton Delaval.

Early in 17 18 Seaton and Horton changed hands." The admiral
satisfied the respective claims of Sir Edward Blackett and of Sir John
Delaval, and employed the remainder of his life in planting and improving
the estate and in building the new hall. He died on June 22nd, 1723,
having a month previously made his will, devising Bavington to his sister's
son, George Shafto, and the remainder of his estates to his brother's son,
Francis Blake, son of Edward Delaval of South Dissington.'

Francis Blake-Delaval, a naval officer like his uncle, was grandson,
on his mother's side, of Sir Francis Blake of Ford, under whose will he
had inherited Ford castle and the property belonging thereto. Hartley
came to him upon the death of Sir John Delaval in 1729 and thus became

' Chancery Proceedings, 'Bridges,' bundle 278, and Depositions, 1714-175S, bundle 1,346.

'"' The exact date of transfer of Seaton Delaval apears to have been January 3rd, 1718/9, but terms
had been arranged nearly a year previously. See letters quoted by Mr. J. Robinson in Delaval Papers,
pp. lig-122.

' A biography of Admiral Delaval is given in BiograpJiia Navalis, vol. iii. pp. 96-98.

164 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

re-united to Seaton Delaval and Horton. On his father's death, in 1744,
he inherited vSouth Dissington. All these properties (with the exception of
South Dissington, which he appears to have sold at about this date) were
settled by him, on January 19th, 1748, upon his eldest son in tail male, with
successive remainders to each of his other sons, and, in default of issue in the
male line, upon his daughters in tail male. Dying on December 9th, 1752,
he was succeeded by his eldest son, the gay and fashionable Sir Francis
Blake-Delaval.

Three years of gallantry having involved Sir Francis Blake-Delaval
in debt to the extent of ,^45,000, a private Act of Parliament was obtained
for the payment of his personal debts by the sale or mortgage of a portion
of the family estate. The manors of Ford, Horton and Hartley were
vested in John Delaval, brother of Sir Francis, and in Elisha Biscoe, who
were empowered, as trustees, to raise the required sum of ^45,000 by a
mortgage laid upon the Ford property, and to pay an annuity of ^4,000
to Sir Francis Blake-Delaval, who meanwhile retained the management of
Seaton Delaval.'

John Delaval, to whom Elisha Biscoe surrendered his trust in 1761,
had, in 1759, succeeded his mother, Rhoda Blake-Delaval, in the property
of Doddington, in Lincolnshire. This had descended to Mrs. Blake-Delaval
under the will of her mother, Sarah, wife of Robert Apreece and surviving
daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Hussey." Upon inheriting Doddington,
John Delaval assumed the additional surname of Hussey. He was created a
baronet in 1761, and, upon his brother's death without legitimate issue in
1771, succeeded to the Northumbrian estates of Seaton Delaval, Hartley and
Horton under the terms of the settlement of 1748. He had previously ac-
quired Ford in fee simple by purchase from his brother and the mortgagees.

Sir John Hussey-Delaval received an Irish peerage in 1783, and three
years later was elevated to the peerage of the United Kingdom as Baron
Delaval of Seaton Delaval. Dying in 1808 without male heir, his honours
expired with him. By his will he devised Ford, and all other real property
of which he had the disposal, to his widow, Lady Delaval, for her life,
with remainder to his grand-daughter, Susannah Hussey, marchioness of

' Act of Parliament, 29 Geo. II. cap. xlix. .See also above, p. 12S, note.

^ Cole, Histo>y vf Doddington, p. 1 1 5, a work containing much useful information, genealogical and
otherwise, regarding the last two generations of the Delaval family.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 65

Waterford/ and to her heirs. The whole of the entailed estates devolved
upon his brother, Edward Hussey-Delaval, upon whose death, in 18 14, the
Delaval family became extinct in the male line. Seaton Delaval, Hartley
and Horton went, in accordance with the entail made in 1748, to Sir Jacob
Henry Astley of Melton Mowbray, bart., as son and heir of Sir Edward
Astley by Rhoda Delaval, eldest daughter of Francis Blake-Delaval, senior.
From Sir Jacob Astley these properties have passed to his descendant
and present representative, Albert Edward Delaval Astley, thirteenth
Lord Hastings.

The heraldry of the Delaval family offers several points of difficulty.
The seal of Robert Delaval of Seaton, attached to a deed at Biddleston
dated 1294, shows ermine^ three bars, over all a bend. His uncle, Sir
Hugh Delaval of Newsham, bore on his seal ermine^ two
bars, over all a bend, as may be seen from an impression
attached to a document in Durham Treasury, dated 1287."
On two shields of the fourteenth century in the chapel at
Seaton Delaval, the arms appear as ermine, two bars,
differenced witJi a molet on the upper bar. The same mark
of difference appears upon the shield of William Delaval of delaval.

Seghill in the Northern Roll of 1420- 1430, where the bars
are tinctured vert ;' and the coat oi ermine, two bars vert, is first evidenced,
as the armorial bearings of John Delaval [of Newsham], in Jenyns' Roll, a
compilation of the fifteenth century.'' This was the form in which the arms
were assumed by the later Delavals, the shield of Sir John Delaval of
Seaton Delaval being so blazoned in Constable's Roll of 1530'' and in a
visitation taken in 1561."

Three additional quarterings are given in Flower and Glover's visitation
taken in 1575, namely, (2) giiles, three horses heads argent, bridled or ;
(3) gules, three eagles displayed argent, and (4) gules, a lion rampant

' Lady Susannah Hussey Carpenter, only daughter and heir of George Carpenter, second earl of
Tyrconnel, by Sarah Hussey Delaval, his wife, married, by special licence, August 29th, 1S05, Henry de
la Poer Beresford, second marquis of Waterford, and died June 7th, 1828.

- Dur. Trcas. Misc. Chart. No. 1,469. ' Arch. Ad. 3rd series, vol. ii. p. 175.

* Jenyns' Ordinary, however, gives ermine, two bars gemclles and a cliicf or.

^ Longstaffe, Tonge's Visitation, Surt. Soc. No. 41, p. xi.

" Brit. Mus. Add. MSS. 12,477, fol. 100. The shield ermine two bars on the west turret of Bothal
castle does not necessarily represent Delaval, as suggested by Mr. C. J. Bates in Border Holds, p. 290,
but may equally well be the shield of Sir Roger Mauduit III. of Eshot, who bore those arms with the
bars tinctured gules. Although the Mauduits at this time were nominally under forfeiture, it does not
appear that they were actually deprived of their lands.

I 66 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

cnniiic, aniied and crouuicd or} The anus in tlie second quarter are
tliose of Horsley,^ from whom the hiter Delavals professed descent. The
third quarter presents considerable difficulty, since there is no trace of a
Delaval alliance with any of the families that are known to have borne
these arms. It is just possible that this may be the coat of Robert de
Biddleston, whose heiress brought Biddleston, Brandon and Branton to
the Delavals. The device in the fourth quarter reappears in one of the
fourteenth-century shields in the chapel at Seaton Delaval, where the
lion is charged with a molet, and may possibly represent the ermine lion of
the Bolbecs.' An anonymous visitation of Northumberland, taken in 156 1/2,
places on the shield of Sir John Delaval of Seaton Delaval a canton similar
in its character to this quarter, namelv, gtiles, a lion passaiit ermine, crowned
collared langiicd and armed or, with the note, 'This canton won in France
in Edward iiij"' tyme.' ^

The Horsley quartering disappears from the shield in St. George's
visitation of 16 15. Its place is taken, in a certificate made on the death
of Sir Ralph Delaval in 1628,^ by the coat of Greystoke (modern)," harry
of six, argent and azure. This occupied the third quarter, while the three
eagles were promoted to the second. In Dugdale's visitation, taken in
]666, a new arrangement is introduced, the lion being placed in the third
quarter and the Greystoke coat in the fourth.

A goat's head appears on the signet used by James
Horsley, alias Delaval, and in Flower and Glover's visita-
tion the crest is given as a goafs head ermine, attired and
out of a coronet or, but in the certificate taken in 1628 this
has been replaced by a ram's head erased ermine, armed or,
a crest borrowed from the Greys.' The family motto, as seal of James horslev
given in the visitation of 1575, is Dicu nous conduictc. «a« Delaval.

' Brit. Mus. Harl. MSS. 1,171, fol. 80 b.

■ Not specially Horsley of Outchester, the same arms being borne by the Horsley families of Long
Horsley and of Scranwood.

' In Glover's roll, temp. Henry III., ed. Nicolas, the arms of Hugh de Bolbec are given as vert, ung
lion d'crmync rampand.

* Brit. Mus. Add. MSS. 12,477, fol- 17. ' State Papers, Domestic, Charles I. vol. dxxix. No. 39.

" In the certificate of 162S this c|uarter is tricked with three annulets or garlands in chief, although
the charge is not given in the blazoning. The three annulets are repeated on the monumental slab of Sir
John Delaval of Dissington at Newburn ; while in Dugdale's visitation it takes the form of argent, tu'o bars
azure, over nil three chaplets of the first (an evidently mistaken tincture). For further information on the
subject see a paper by Mr. S. S. Carr in Proc. Soc. Antiq. Neie'cnstle, 2nd series, vol. ix. pp. 179-183.

■ The anonymous visitation of 1561/2 gives the ram's head, but .adds : 'This crest ys John Grey's ;
query th' ordre.' Brit Mus. Add. .MSS. 12,477, fol. 17.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP.

167

DELAVAL OF SEATON DELAVAL.

Arms: (Jiuutcrly, I, enniiie, two Inirs verl (Delaval) ; 2, gulf s, Ihife horses' heads
iirgeiil, hvidleil or (lloisley) ; 3, S'^les, threi eii«!es ilisfilayeJ argent ; 4, gules, a
Hon rampant ermine, armed and crowned or. Ckest : A goat's head ermine,
attired and out of a coronet or. MoTTO : l^ieu nous conduicte. Flower and
Glover, Visitation of Korlhiimliertand, 1575. For variations of the coat, see

above, pp. 165-166,

TABLE \.

Hugh fitz Roger, great-great-grandfather of Robert de la Val (/Vac. de Q. IV.
p. 589) ; had a grant from Hen. U. of free warren in Seaton Delaval, Callerton,
and Holywell (^itiid.) ; paid scutage on two knights' fees, 1161.1165 iPipe Rolls").

Gilbert de la Val, held the barony of Callerton in ir66 by two knights' fees, as his
ancestors had done temp. Henry I. (^Liher Niger) ; also held lands in Hartley,
Holywell, and Eachwick ; a benefactor of Brinkburn priory {^Brinklmrn Chart.
p. 186) ; joined with other northern barons in demanding a charter of liberties from
King John in 12 15 {Chronica Majora, vol. ii. p. 585) ; living in 1226 {I'ipe Rolls).

I
Sir Eustace de la Val, knight, exchanged = Christiana, des-

two carucates in Benwell for sixty cribed as old and

acres in Dukesfield, 7th January, 1218/9 feeble at time

{Feet of Fines, Hen. III. Xo. 10) ; did of her husband's

homage in 1229 for his fathei's lands death, when she

in Callerton, Dissington, and Seaton received dower,

Delaval {Excerpta ex Rot. Fin. vol. i. 15th March,

p. 180) ; held Eachwick of Hugh de lisyjS (Close

Bolbec, and Holywell of Hugh de Rolls, 42 Hen.

Baliol in jure maritagii, circa 1240 III. mem. 9);

{Testa de Nevill) ; summoned to do claimed lands in

military service in Scotland, 17th Hartley and

January, 1257/8 {Clo^e Rolls, 42 Hen. Holywell as

HI. mem. 12 d) ; inquisition taken dower in 1260

same year {Cat. Imj. p.m. Hen. HI. {Curia Regis

p. 112) ; died s.p. Rolls, No. 109).

Sir Henry de la Val, knight, to-
gether with Robert de Wycestre
held half of Benwell of Hugh de
Bolbec circa 1240 ( Testa de Nevill);
acquired Brampton and the moiety
of Biddleston by marriage ; ap-
pointed king's escheator in North-
umberland, 3rd July, 1251 {Close
Rolls. 33 Hen. 111. mem. 9) ; sum-
moned to do military service in
Scotland, 17th January, 1257/8 ;
found to be heir to his brother,
Eustace de la \'al, in 1258, being
sixty years of age {Cal. Gen. p. 80) ;
died before loth May, 1270 {Pat.
Rolls, 54 Hen. 111. mem. 7).

.Margery, dau.
and co-heir
of Robert
de Biddles-
ton {Pedi.
grees from
Plea Rolls, p.
32) ; joined
her husband
in 1240 in
granting Kid-
la nd to
Newminster
priory {New-
niinstei-Chart.
pp. 164-165).

Robert ' filius Gilleberti
de la Val ' {Brinkfmrn
Chart, p. 144).

Engeram de la Val, prior of St. Alban's,
died 30th May, 1236 {Chronica
Majora, vol. vi. p. 274).

I
Margaret, to whom her kinsman, Walter de Bolam,
granted a rent-charge on Newton {Newminster
Chart, pp. 180-182).

Eustace = Joan, married se-

de la \'al,
died in
his f a -
ther's life-
time.

condly, Sir Nicho
las de Punchardon
{Sef'V Charters) ;
to whom her sou
granted land in
Biddleston, 25th
August and
September,
{tiid.).

14th
1 294

d) Matilda, daughter and :
co-heir of Hugh de Bol-
bec, and widow of Robert
de Beumys {Cal Doc. Rrl.
Scot. vol. i. p. 45S) ; mar-
ried a second lime before
126S ((Ta/. Gen. p. 127);
inquisition taken, 20th
April, 1281 {Cal. Imj.p.m.
vol. ii. p. 235).

P'our sons,

I I I
all died

in their mother's lifetime

Sir Hugh de la \'al, knight, held for life a third
of the Bolbec inheritance {Cat. Gen. p. 619) ;
granted Benwell manor house to Hexham
priory (Raine, Hexham Priory, \ol. ii. p. 114) ;
served in Wales in 1277 and 1282 {Parlia-
mentary Writs, vol. i. pp. 206, 230) ; summoned
to do military service in Scotland in 1291
(;■/;/(/. p. 256), and in Gascony in 1294
{ilnd. p. 259) ; present at the battle of Forfar,
July, 1296 {Cat. Pat. Rolls, 1292-1301, p.
193) ; inquisition taken 14th Jul)', 1302
{Inq. p.m. 30 F^dw. 1. No. ig).

{Cal. Gen. p. 308).

Robert de la Val, heir to his grandfather, born ^ Margaret, sister of

at Seaton Delaval, 22nd June, 1263 {Cal. John de Grey-

Gen. p. 352) ; proof of age taken gth Sep- stoke, had rever-

tember, 12S4 {iliid.) ; served in Gascony in sion of two-thirds

1294 {Gascon Roll-, vol. lii. p. 126) ; sum- of Coniscliffe for

moned to do military service in Sc(jtland in life {Cal. Gen.

12cj6(Parliamentajy Writs,vo\.i.p.2yT) ; p. 649); living

killed at the battle of Stirling, nth Sept. a widow in 130S

1297 (/«(/. p.m. 25 Edw. I. No. 47) ; died (Assise Rolls,

s.p. ; inquisition taken Sth Nov. 1 297 (ildd.). No. 660).

Margery, married circa 1281 Andrew de Smjnhe-
ton {Cal Gen. p. 540) ; found sister and
heir of Robert de la Val in 1297, being then
about thirty years of age (ifiid.) ; together
with her husband settled the moiety of Bid-
dleston and, land in .^Inham in 1304 upon her
kinsman, Sir Walter de Selby, and his wife
Katherine (Feet of Fines, 32 Edw. 1. No. 75) ;
died s.p. ; inquisition taken 4th November,
131 1 {hKj.p.m. 5 Edw. II. .Mo. 70).

1 68

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Sir Robert tie la Val, knight, born 5th August, 1289 ;
cousin and heir of Margery de Smytheton (/«y.
p.m. 5 Edw. I r. No. 70) ; defended Tynemouth
castle against Gilbert de Middleton circa 1 31 7
^.-iiicienl Petilioiis, No. 3994) ; summoned to attend
council at Westminster in 1324 (^Pailiammtary
Writs, vol. ii. div. ii. p. 649) ; entailed Seaton
Delaval, Dissington and Hartley in 1333 {a) (^Feet
of Fines, Edw. III. Nos. 25 and 29); died at
Seaton Delaval, 14th August, 1353 ; inquisition
taken 1st October, 1353 X_Inq. p.m. 27 Edw. III.
No. 67).

.•Mice, daugh-
ter of Sir
William de
Felton of
Ediingham,
had assign-
ment of
dower, 1st
Oct., 1353
(C«/. Close
Rolls, 1349-
I354.P-559)-

Walter de la \'al, whom =: Alice, liv- Katherine,

Sir Robert de la \'ai
enfeoffed with lands
in Ncwsham ; died
before 25lh Sept.,
1 347 ( Cat. /'ill. Rolls,
1345-1348, p. 420).

mg 4th
Oct. 1351
{Cal.Dor.
Rel. Scot.
vol. iii. p.
285).

mar. Sir Wal-
ter de Selby of
Seghill i^Feel
of Fines, 32
Edw. 1. No.
75).

Robert de la Val, connived at the escape of the earl of
Wigton after Nevill's Cross, 1346, for which he for-
fciteil his lands in Newsham {Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1345-
1348, p. 420).

(r) Ellen, daugh
Sir Robert de
bourn i^Cal.
Rolls, 1318-13
552)-

ter of
Ley-
Close
•i. P-

.1 .
Sir William de la \'al, senior,

Brandon and Dukesfield on

131S-1323, p. 552), and Ca:

Fines, Edw. III. No. 24);

p. I, No. 104); inquisition

knight, eldest son (^) ; on whom his father settled = (2) .\gnes(a)

his first marriage, l8th .May, 1322 {Cal. Close Rolls,
llerton on his second marriage in 1333 («) {Feet of
died 9th September, 1349 {Imj. p.m. 24 F.dw. HI.
taken 6th March, 1 349,50 {ihiit.').

Richard de la Sir Henry de la Val, knight (J)), ^
\'al {Rtillev Itorn at Seaton Delaval, I2th

Cliiirters'):\n January, 1343/4; grandson

Austin canon and heir of Sir Robert de la

at Newcas- Val {.Ircli. .'lei. 1st series, vol.

tie; ordained iv. p. 336) ; had licence to

priest 1st cross the seas with the earl

April, 1347 of March, 23rd October, 1374

{Reg. Hat- {Foedera, vol. iii. p. 1014) ;

fietil, fol. 95 died J./. 14th September, 1388

v.). {hiq.p.m. 12 Ric. II. No. 54);

inquisitions taken 30th Sep-
tember and 3rd November,
1388 {ihid.').

living l8th
April, 1350
{Cal. Close
Rolls, 1 349-
1354. P- 168).

Joan, married before 12th June,
1372 {Fine Rolls, 46 Edw. III.
mem. 20) ; married secondly, be-
fore iSth February, 1 388 '9, John
Volstones {Cal Pat. Rolls, 1388-
1392, p. 15) ; thirdly, before 13th
January, 1 390/1, William deElme-
den (Dur. Treas. Chart. Misc. No.
353') ; and fourthly, before 26th
April, 1403, Sir Richard de Golds-
burgh {[m/. p.m. 4 Hen. IV. No.
27) ; died 22nd .Ma)', 1432 {iliid.
10 Hen. \'I. No. 44) ; mquisition
taken 20th August, 1432 {Hid.').

Alice, sister and heir, married
before 1 388, John de Whit-
chester {h') ; was then about
fort}' years of age (/ff^.
p.m. 12 Ric. II. No. 54);
married secondly. Sir John
.Manners of Etal ; died 26th
December, 1402 {iliid. 4
Hen. I\'. No. 27); inqui-
sitions taken 29th January
and 26th April, 1403 {ibid.).

For issue see pedigree of
Whitchester.

Sir Robert de =
la Val, km.,
second son,
{fi), on
whom his
father set-
tled News-
ham {/nj.
ad q. d. file
331, No. 6).

Sir William de la Val, junior, knight, third son {b), inherited Benwell under
entail made by his father in 1349 (3) ; acquired lands in Eslington by
marriage ; had Seghill, half of the manor of Biddleston, and lands in
Alnham convej'ed to him by his cousin, Walter de Selby, in 1351 {Feet
of Fines, Edw. III. No. 90I ; appointed chamberlain, chancellor and
controller of customs at Berwick in 1 364 {Rot. Scotiae, vol. i. pp. 883, 884,
888); served in France under the Black Prince in 1369 {Foedera, vol. iii.
p. 873); entailed all his lands circa 1371 (a); appointed escheator in
the northern counties, loih December, 1373 {Fine Rolls, 47 Edw. III.
mem. 15); knight of the shire in 1373, 1377, 1380 and 1383; Hving at
Seghill, 6th June, 1390 {Coram Rege Rolls, No. 518, mem. 25 d).

: Christiana, daughter
and co-heir of
Robert de Esling-
ton, married be-
fore 6th December,
1352 {Coram Rege
Rolls, No. 371,
mem. 39) ; died
20th Jul)', 1364
{Tnq.p.m.c) Ric. II.
No. 21).

(I) .Marga-:
ret, daugh-
ter of John
de Mitford,
articles be-
fore mar-
riage dated
30th Sept.,
13S5 (a);
living 28th
September,
1423 00-

John de la \'al (//), on whom his father =
settled Newsham, 30th Sept., 1383 (a)
{Inq.p.m. 10 Ric. II. No. 1 17); laid
claim, on the death of his cousin. Sir
Henry de la Val, 10 the entailed estates
of Seaton Delaval, Dissington, and
Hartley {Cal. Pat. Rolls, r388-I392,
p. 144) ; succeeded to lands in Benwell
on the death of his kinsman, William
de la Val {h) ; died 26th December,
1455, or 8th January, 1455/6 ; in-
quisitions taken I2th June, 1456, and
14th February, 1461/2 (/'/'/. p.tn. 34
Hen. VI. No. 27, and i Edw. IV.
No. 14).

:(2)Agnes William de la Val, held

{Early a fourth part of Ben-

Chan. well in 1375 {Coram

Proc. Rege Rolk, No. 459,

bundle mem. 50) ; found son

29. No. and heirof Christiana

341). de Eslington in Jan.,

1385/6, being then

23 years of age (/'"/.

p.m. 9 Ric. II. No.

21) ; claimed a third

of Eslington in right

of his mother in 1387

( Ca/. /'a/. /?«/&, 1385-

1389, p. 384).

John (/<) or
George de la
Val, was en-
feoffed of
one-third of
Benwell by
his father's
trustees, and
held same in
1366, being
then a mi-
nor {Assize
Rolls, No.
1475, mem.
38).

married se-
condly, Wil-
liam EUer-
by, mayor
of New-
castle 1423-
1426 {Early
Chan. Proc.
bundle 68,
No. 254).

Elizabeth, daughter and heir, married John WoJ-
man, alias Horsley (/i), of Horsley in Ovingham ;
articles before marriage dated 28th September,
1423(a) ; died in her father's lifetime.

See Table II.

(a) Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

William de la Val of Seghill and Benwell = Margaret, daughter of Sir

{b), a ward of the abbot of St. .Alban's,
4th December, 142 1, then aged 17 {St.
A Wans Register, fol. 61 b) ; conveyed
Seghill to his step-father to hold to
uses ; died s.p. before 1441.

John de Widdrington,
who, with her husband,
received seisin of lands
in Seghill, 14th October,
1434 ('0-

(/;) Flower, Visitation of Yorkshire, 1 563/4.

SEATON DEI.AVAI, TOWNSHIP.

169

TABLE II.

James Horslev (c), otherwise James Woodman, inherited Newsham from his

father, John Delaval, and succeeded to Seaton Dehival in 147 1, after the death of his kins-
woman, dame EMzabeth Burcester ; assumed the name of Delaval, and as James Delaval, alias
James Uorsley, had a pardon, gth July, 1484, for all offences committed before 1st February,

1483/4 (/) ; living 20th June, 1492 (/).

maternal grand- = Marion (;), or Mar-
gery (y^, daughter
of Robert Mitford
(f), married before
1446 (/).

John Delaval of Seaton Dela-
val, son and heir {e) ; 5th
March, 1497/8, exchanged
certain lands with Sir
Humphrey Lisle (y) ; mar-
ried before 20th June, 1492
(y^ ; died 4th February,
1497/8 (/) ; I)iq. p.m. 30th
September, 1505 (/).

Anne (h), daughter of Sir
Thomas Grey (/) of Chil-
lingham (h) ; she married
second, circa 17th No-
vember, 1507, Thomas
Hopton of Mirfield, co.
York (/), and third,
Sir Philip Dacre of
Morpeth, knight (/).

I
Robert Delaval, to whom his
father, loth February, 1492/3,
gave a lease of lands in Mil-
burn, Hawkwell, Dinnington,
Hol}nvell and Newcastle (/) ;
administration of his personal
estate, 31st March, 1536,
granted to his nephew. Sir
John Delaval (/).

I I
Guy Delaval (/), held a

tenement in Hartley for

life (ti) ; [Dorothy, dau.

of Guy L)elaval of Horton,

married William Aynsley

of Shafto (0) ].
Anthony Delaval, named

in 1499 as brother of

Robert (/).

George Delaval of Seaton Dela-
val, son and heir («) ; was three
years of age at his father's
death (/); 7th April, 1509, con-
tracted to marry Elizabeth,
dau. of Richard, Lord Lumley
(/) ; died under age, 15th
March, 1513/4 («) ; Inq. p.m.
20th April, 1 5 19 (;<).

Sir John Delaval of Se.iton Delaval, knight {/), born
l6th April, 1498 (ji) ; high sheriff of Northumber-
land, 1527, 1533, 1542, 1548, 1554 ; died seised of
the manors of Seaton Delaval, Black Callerton and
Dissington, and of lands in Biddleston, Branton,
West Heddon, Hartley and Holywell ; will dated
4th December, 1562 ; to be buried in the chapel of
Seaton Delaval (^) ; died 14th December, 1562;
inquisition taken loth November, 1563 (»).

Mary (n), dau.
of Thomas
Carey of Chil-
ton, Wilts
(i*), and sis-
ter of Robert,
Lord Huns-
don.

, I I

Margaret, mar-
ried Sir Wil-
liam Ogle ((■)
of Cockle
park.

Anne, married
NicholasCol-
man in).

Sir John Delaval of Seaton Delaval,
knight (e) ; was 40 years of age
at his father's death iv) ; entered his
pedigree, 1 563/4 (^) ; high sheriff of
Northumberland, 1565 and 1571 ;
will dated 31st December, 1571 ((5) ;
to be buried in the chapel of Seaton
Delaval ; died 3rd January, 1571/2
{yj) ; inquisition dated 19th May,
1572 («/).

Anne, or Ag-
nes, widow
of Sir Himi-
phrey Lisle,
and dau.
of Ralph,
Lord Ogle

Edward De-
laval if.-) (J)
of New-sham

See pedigree
of Delaval
of Tyne-
mouth.

I I I I

Anne (c), married Robert Raj-mes (f) of

Shortflat (c).
Eleanor, married William Fenwick {Ji) of

Bitchfield («■) ; marriage settlement, 2 1st

October, 1554 {J~).
Mary, married circa 19th August, 1562 (/),

Thomas Morton of Berwick (b) («).
Beatrice {e). married Edward Errington (//)

(■«■) of Butterley («).
All living 4th December, 1562 (/().

I
Sir Robert Delaval (/) of .Seaton Delaval, knight, aged
30 at his father's death {w) ; high sheriff of Northum-
berland, 1575, 15S3, 1592; knighted 13th April, 1603;
entered his pedigree, 1575 («) ; purchased the manor of
Horton in 1595 (/) ; with the consent of Thomas
JJelaval, his brother, sold his lands at Biddleston, I2th
June, 1576, to Thomas Selby (/) ; died 1st January,
1606/7 (x) ; will dated iSth November, 1606 (<:) ; Iitq.
p.m. nth September, 1607 (.r).

Dorothy, daugh-
ter of Sir Ralph
Grey of Chil-
lingham, knt.
(«) ; articles
before mar-
riage, 24th
January, 1 57 1/2
GO ; died be-
fore 1600 {J).

I
Henry Delaval (i") of Black :
Callerton (/) ; named
in his father's will (/i),
and in the settlement
of 1 8th June, 1599 (*) ;
conveyed his lands in
Callerton to his brother
Robert, 29th March,
1588 if); living 26th
September, 1 621 (_>>).

: Dorothj',
daugh-
ter of

Heron
(o); bur-
ied I2th
October,
l633(/).

Edward, named in Ralph Delaval (/) of Black Callerton, living = .'^nn (c) Smith, mar-

the will of his i6th December, 1628 (/) ; inventory 26th I ried at St. John's,

uncle. Sir Robert April, 1631 ic) ; administration of his per- I Newcastle, i6th

Delaval (c). sonal estate, 24th .August, 163 1 (c). ^ August, 1618.

Nicholas (/), living 25th
November, 1624 (/).

Anthony (/>), living i6th
November, 1628 (/).

Thomas Delaval (c), to whom his father
gave a rent charge payable out of Bid-
dleston and Branton iji) ; joined in the
sale of the Delaval lands at Biddleston,
I2th June, 1576 ; named in the settle-
ment, i8th June, 1599 (at); a feoffee
of Cowpen, 9th Februar)', 1623/4 if) ;
living at Seaton Delaval, 3rd June,
1628 (/).

Jane, named in her grandfather's will ifi) ; married Oswald Mitford of R3'al («) ;

articles before marriage, 2Ist March, 1560/1.
Dorothy («■), married Gilbert Errington of Wolsington (»/) ; monumental

inscription, St. Michael le Ouerne, London.
Agnes ie) or Anne («), named in her father's will (/') ; married, first, Thomas

Cramlington of Newsham (h), and second, before 13th .'\pril, 1580,

Robert Lewin of Newcastle (/).
Catherine ie), named in her father's will (Ji) ; died unmarried ; nuncupative

will proved 5th September, 1601 ic).

Vol. IX.

I70

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Sir Ralph Delavul of Seaton Delaval, :
knight, was 30 years of age al the
death of liis fatiier (.r) ; high sheriff
of Northumberland, 1604, 1608,
1621 ; knighted 1st February, 1607/8 ;
entered his pedigiee, 1615 (o) ; 'he
made a calm and quiet period of
his life ' (_/), and died Monday, 24th
November, 1628 («) ; buried in
Seaton Delaval chapel ' in the upper
end of the quire ' (/) ; will dated
loth January, 1623/4 ! proved 2nd
April, 1629 (0 00-

Jane, dau. of Thomas
Hilton, baron of
Hilton in the bishop-
ric (c) (0) ; articles
before marriage, iSth
June, 1599 (j:) (c) ;
she married, second,
before February,
1630/1, Francis Reed,
with whom she re-
sided in her dower
house at Horton
(/) ; buried 21st
April, 1645 («).

I
Sir John
Delaval
M(f)of
Dissing-
ton,knt.

See

Table

III.

Robert Delaval (0) of Cow- :
pen (c), of the Middle
Temple, 1600 ; served
ill the Low Countries
with the earl of North-
umberland circa 1600 ;
constable of Alnwick
castle and receiver to
the earl of Northumber-
land (/) ; was residing
at Newcastle ci7ca 1617
(/} ; died 19th June,
1629 (/) ; will dated
15th June, 1629 (c).

Alice, daugh.
of William
Riddell (0),
married 9th
December,
161 1 (O ;
named in
her hus-
band's will
(0 ; living
I2th Oct.,
1646 (y).

Robert Delaval, son and heir(c)(o),
born 22nd September, baptised
1st October, 1600 (/) ; of Uni-
versity College, Oxon.; [matricu-
lated 23rd June, 1 621] ; admitted
to Lincoln's Inn, iSth February,
1618/9 ; articles before marriage,
26th September, 162 1 (v); died
4th March, 1622/3 (.r) ; ^»q.
p.m. 29th April, 1623 (^').

Barbara, daughter of Sir
George Selby of White
house, CO. Durham (/) ;
married l6th December,
1621 (:) ; had Black
Callerton for her jointure
and was rated for the same
in 1663 ; party to agree-
ment, 2nd October, 1630
(/) ; buried 7th December,
1679 (/,).

I
Ralph Delaval (c) (0), an exe-
cutor of his father's will ; to
whom his father gave, 9th
February, 1623,4, 'he White
Friars, Newcastle (/), and, b)-
other deeds, the coal mines at
Seaton and Callerton for his
life(/^)(>') ; party to agreement,
2nd October, 1630 ; living in
London, nth November, 1651
if)-

Thomas Dela-
val (0 (0) of
Durham and
Hetton -le-
Hole (/).

See
Table IV.

John Delaval (c) (0) of = Margaret

I I

Dosthorp, Northani])-
tonshire (/») ; admitted
to Lincoln's Inn, 19th
May, 1629 ; party to
agreement, 2nd Oct.,
1630 (/) ; was resid-
ing at Whittlesey, co.
Camb., and in the Isle
of Ely, 30th Novem-
ber, 1 64 1 (/) ; died
iSth October, 1667 ;
bur. at Peterborough
cathedral (j).

Knowles of
the city of
Westmins-
ter, mar-
riage li-
cence, 20th
December,
163S (/);
died 23rd

Nov.,
is).

1672

Edward Delaval (r) (0),
baptised 3rd November,
161 1 (a) ; party to
agreement, 2nd Octo-
ber, 1630 (/O ; died at
sea, December, 1634 (/)
(i), unmarried (/) ; ad-
ministration of personal
estate, 24lh December,
1642 (0-

William Delaval (c) of
Newcastle.
I

See Table \'.

George Dela-
val (c), died
23rd, buried
24th Decem-
ber, 1628
(a) (/), un-
married (/);
administra-
tion of his
personal es-
tate, 2nd
April, 1629
(0-

Henry Dela- = Magdalen

val (0 (/),
of Cowpen
and Bed-
lin gt on ;
took lease
of Cowpen
tithes, 9th
J a n uary,

1653:4 U);

inventor}'
30th Janu-
ary, 1668

(jf), dau.
of Ralph
Bowes of
Newcastle
(/) ; living
atBebside,
a widow,
19th Oct.,
1691 C^-).

George Delaval of Dosthorp,
son and heir, buried at Peter-
borough cathedral ; will dated
26th Feb., 1674.5 ; proved
22nd April, 1678 (i).

I I I

Ralph, bapt. 30th Sept., 1656 ;
buried 8th Dec, 1659 (;).

Henrj-, bapt. 19th Nov., 1658 ;
buried Sth Dec, 1659 (i).

Charles, buried 2Sth Septem-
ber, 1660 (J).

Dorothy, baptised 6th February, 1654/5 (J) ; married
William Carnaby (..f) of Bedlington ; bond of
marriage, 19th January, 1685.

Ehzabeth, liv. at Bebside, unman, 19th Oct., l69l(j?').

[.Magdalen, married
Henry Lee.]

at Mitford, 25th May, 1679,

„ 1, ^ „ M I I I I I I I I I

Oharles IJe- Mary (0), married Sir George Bowes of Biddick, knight (;>) ; articles before marriage, 12th Dec, i6i8(/).

laval (c), Dorothy (c) (0), baptised 27th December, 1604 (a) (/) ; married, as his second wife. Sir John Hedworth

named in of Harraton, knight (;>) ; articles upon marriage, 2nd May, 162S.

his father's Anne (c) (0), baptised l6th January, 1605/6 (a) (/) ; married before 14th September, 1632, Willi.am

will ; died Turner (/) of Highway, co. Wilts.

28thDecem- Jane (c) (0), married, first, before 2nd October, 1630, Charles Kelliow of Newcastle (/), who died in 163S

ber, 1628 (/), and second, circa 1640, Edward Ball of Newcastle (/).

(/) («) ; Catherine (c) (0), married before 14th September, 1632, Toby Bowes (/) of Harraton (/).

adniinistra- Isabel (c) (a), baptised 27th July, 1610 (a) ; living unmarried, loth June, 1635, at Whitburn, co. Durham

tion of his (/) ; married John Widdrington (/) of Bridge" house, Plessey (/).

personal es- Margaret (c) (0), baptised loth January, i6i2/3"(a) ; married before 6th December, 1634, Ralph Rokeby

tate, 2nd of Harraton, co. Durham (/).

April, 1629 Elizabeth (c) (0), baptised 12th February, 1614/5 (a) ; buried 19th January, 162S/9 (a) (/).

(/)■ Martha (rr), unmarried 1632 (/) ; married Thomas Fitch ; living 13th November, 1637 (_/).
Frances, baptised loth June, 161 7 (a) ; dead before the date of her father's will.
Barbara, living unmarried, 1632 (/).

B C

SEATON DELAVAI, TOWNSHIP.

171

I I I I I I I
Barbara (0), baplised I4lh April, 1614 (/) ; buried 8th June, 1619 (0.
Dorothy, baptised I3lh Manii, 1616/7 (;) ; dead before the date of her father's will.
Mary (c) (/), baptised 29th July, 1618 (?) ; married, first, Robert Mitford of Scgliill,

Cowpen ; died February, 1649/50 (r).
Margaret (c) (/i), baptised 26th OotoL)er, 1619 (/) ; married at Bedlington, 23rd January, 1641/,

Thornton, knight (i) (y) ; died 5th August, 1652 (7) ; monumental inscription, Coniscliffe.
Elizabeth (c), baptised Ilth August, 1623 («') ; living unmarried, 2nd August, 1650 (r).
Barbara (<;), baptised gth May, 1626 (;) ; married Sir William Carleton of Carleton, Cumberland, knight
Alice (f), baptised 23rd December, 1627 (/) ; married Ralph Hebburn of Hebburn (^).

d second, F^dward Grey of
Sir Francis Bowes of

Edward Dela- = Dorothy (/),

val(o)ofBeb-
side (c), to
whom his fa-
ther devised
his lands
and tithes in
Cowpen (f) ;
afterwards of
Black Caller-
ton ; party to
deed, Sth
May, 1658

daughter of
George Whit-
field (0) of
Newcastle,
and widow
of Thomas
Ogle of Beb-
side (0) ;
died circa
1647.

Claudius Delaval (0) (c) of University College,
Oxon. ; matriculated 25th October, 1599,
aged :6 ; B.A. 1603 ; admitted to Inner
Temple, November, 1604 ; town clerk of
Newcastle (/) ; buried 28th April, 1623 (0 ;
administration of his personal estate, 3rd May,
1623 (c) ; inventory, 6th May, 1623 (c).

Francis Delaval (0) (c) of University Col-
lege, Oxon. ; matriculated 26th October,
I599> aged 15 ; of Inner Temple, 1602 ;
married area 1625 (/) ; of Caversham,
Oxon., 1633-1639 (/) ; living at Cavers-
ham, 29th September, 1653 (Cn/. Com. /or
CompoundiHg, p. 3145)- ^

Sir Ralph Delaval of Seaton Delaval, baronet (/"), grandson and heir, born 13th, =
baptised 27th October, 1622 (a) ; of Queen's College, Oxon. ; matriculated 15th
June, 1638 ; admitted to Lincoln's Inn, 28th November, 1639; high sheriff of
Northumberland, 1649 ; created a baronet, 29th June, 1660; entered his pedigree
at Dugdale's Visitation 0/ Nort/iiiiit/ifrlaiiii, 28th August, 1666 ; knight of the shire,
1659, 1660, 1677, 1678, 1679, 1681 ; died 29th August, buried 1st September,
1691, in Seaton Delaval chapel {a).

I I

Arthur Delaval, youngest son (o) (c),
of University College, Oxon. ;
matriculated I7lh October, 1600,
ageil 12 ; admitted to Inner Temple,
Noveml.)er, 1606 ; a haberdashei" in
London in 1607 (_/) ; in the service
of the earl of Dunbar, 1610 (/) ;
buried at All Saints', Newcastle,
nth March, 1645/6 (y) ; his widow
was buried in the same place, 12th
April, 1647 O).

Jane (c) (0), married 5th September,
161 5, Michael Mitford of Seghil!
('0 (")•

Anne, widow of Hugh Eraser, master
of Lovat, and daughter of Alexander
Leslie, earl of Leven (;>) ; married
at St. Nicholas', Newcastle, 2nd
April, 1646 (j) : buried 26th
December, 1696 {h~), in Seaton
Delaval chapel (a).

Robert Delaval, son :
and heir (/■), born
Sth, baptised 22nd
July, 1647 (rt) ;
articles before
marriage, 8th
July, 1670 CO;
married, October,
1670 ; 'a very sick-
ly young man ' ;
died 1st August,
1682 ; ' bur. in St.
George's chapel,
Windsor ' (J).

Elizabeth Liv-
ingston, dau.
of James, 1st
earl of New-
brough (/) ;
she married,
second, Henry
Hatcher of
Kirby, CO. Lin-
coln ; marriage
licence ist Apl.
16S6, she being
30 years of age
and he 22 (J:).

Alexander
Delaval,
second son
(/■), bapt.
30th Oct.,
^648 (a-)-
admitted to
Lincoln's
Inn, 14th
June, 1669;
dead be-
fore nth
Oct., 1683

Sir Ralph Delaval of Sea-
ton Delaval, baronet,
third son (/>), baptised
26th November, 1 649
(a) ; succeeded his
father as second baro-
net ; buried in Seaton
Delaval chapel, 30th
.August, i5g6 («)
(y) : administration
of his personal estate,
1st April, 1706, to
Hugh Massey, princi-
pal creditor (d).

Diana Booth, daugh-
ter of George, Lord
Delamere, marriage
settlement, 22nd
November, 1684
(.?) ; she married,
second, at St.Mary-
le-Bow, Durham,
2 Ist October, 1699,
Sir Edward Black-
ett, bart., and died
7th October, 171 3 ;
monumental in-
scription, Ripon.

I
Thomas De-
laval, fourth
son (/■).
baptised at
St. Oswald's,
Durham, on
29th May,
16^3
1666 ;
before
Nov.,

living
died
2 Ist
1684

Sir John Delaval of Seaton Dela- = Mary, dau.
val, baronet, fifth son (;»), bap- of Edwd.
tised 7th November, 1654 (n) ; Goodyer
a colonel in the Guards, sen'ed of Dog-
in many campaigns in Fland- mersfield,
ers ; succeeded his brother. Sir Hants ;
Ralph, as third baronet ; M.P. mar. li-
forMorpeth, 1701, 1702 ; knight cence28th
of the shire, 1705 ; sold Seaton May,i683
Delaval and Horton and died (w) ; died
at Seaton lodge, ' antiquorum 19th Oct.,
Delavallorum de Seaton lineali 1683, aged
descensi heres ultimus obiit 23 years;
quarto die mensis Junii et M.I.Dog-
sepultus octavo ejusdem,' 1729 mersfield.
(a) ; will dated 30th September,
1726 ; proved at Durham, Ist
July, 1729. I
B

I 1

Leslie Delaval, sixth
son (/), baptised
3rd September, 1657
(a) ; dead before
24th Nov., 1664 (/).

Charles Delaval, se-
venth son (/), bap-
tised 24th December,
1658 (a) ; was 8
years of age in 1666
(/■) ; died 2nd, buried
5th February, 1694/5
CO, in Seaton Delaval
chapel (a) ; adminis-
tration of his personal
estate, 2nd October,
1695, to his sister
Dorothy (c).

I I I M I

Barbara (;>), buried 24th September, 1659 (;).

Anne (/), unmarried 14th January, 1674 {/) ;
married Chetwynd of Rugeley, co. Staf-
ford ; administration of personal estate, I2th
November, 1698, to her sister Dorothy (c).

Margaret (/), baptised 2nd March, 1655/6 (a);
married 14th January, 1675,6, William
Strother of Fowberrj' (n) (/).

Mary (;>), baptised 5th July, 1660 (a) ;
died unmarried ; buried 4th September,
1678 (rt).

Barbara (/), baptised 2ist July, 1661 (a);
died unmarried before 14th Januar}', 1 674 5

Dorothy (/), baptised 17th September, 1662
(/() ; living unmarried 1698 (/") ; [married at
Wallsend" nth June, 1700, Thomas Airey
of North Shields.]

17-

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Diana, only surviving child, baptised at Dunham, in Cheshire, 3rd June,
1686 (;) ; married at Skelton, near Ri|i(in (z), 17th December, 1699
(/), William, eldest son of Sir Kdward Blackett, and died loth
January, 1710; monumental inscription, Ripon.
4'

(«) Earsdon Re^hler.

(//) Dnrlhiin W'llh and Inventories^ Surt. Soc. No. 2, pp. 304-
205, 375-377.

(f/) Ranie, Test. Ehor.

(;•) Flower's Visitation of Yorkshire, 1563/4.

(/) .Mar<iuis of Waterford's MSS.

(.f ) Deeds of Mr. Sidney of Cowpen.

(//) Tyneinoulli Register.

(;) at. Nicholas' Register, Newcastle.

(7) All Saints' Register, Newcastle.

(/■) Marriage Licences, Faculty Office, Harl. Soc, Pub. No. 24,
p. 179-

(/) London Mai riage Licences, Harl. Soc. Pub. No. 26, p. 239.

(tii) .Marriage Licences, Vic. Gen., Harl. Soc. Pub. No. 34, p. 1 35.

Ann, daughter and heiress, married John Rogers
of Denton; died 3rd, i)uried nth January,
1722;'3, in Seaton Delaval chapel, aged 34
years (a) ; s.p.

(«) Flower's Visitation o/Noi thutnfierinnd, l^"]^.

(0) St. George's Visitation of Northiimlierland, 1615.

(/) Dugdale's Visitation of Northumtierland, 1666.

(y) Sharp's Pedigrees, vol. iii. p. 434, Durh. Cath. Libr.

(7-) Welford, Royalist Compositions, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. in.

(s) Delaval pedigree, compiled by Beltz, Lancaster Herald,

Bell Collection at Alnwick castle.
(/) Chancery Inq. p.m. second series, vol. xi.x. No. 4.
(w) Hid. vol. xxxiv. Nos. 48 and 53.
(v) Ihid. vol. cxxxvii. No. 42.
(to) Iliid. vol. clxi. No. 125.
(:i:) lllid. vol. ccc. No. 185.

( r) Ihid. vol. ccccii. No. 130, and vol. ccccxli. No. 15.
(z) Chancery Proceedings, before 1714, Bridges, 278, and

1714-175^, bundle 1346.

Anne, widow of
Thomas Hilton,
baron Hilton,
and dau. of Sir
George Bowes,
knt., of Streat-
lam (rf) (/).

TABLE 111.

Sir Joh.n Delav..\l, knight (second son of Sir Robert Delaval of Seaton
Delaval, knight) (</), had a life interest in North Dissington by grant from
his father, 24th .April, 1600 (/), and circa 1610 purchased South Dis-
sington from Richard Ogle (/) ; knighted 14th May, 1617 ; town clerk
of Newcastle, 1623 ; high sheriff of Northumberland, 1610, 1624, 1634 ;
knightof the shire, 1626 ; died 1 2th August, 1652 (y) ; buried in Newburn
chancel, where there is a monumental inscription.

Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
George Selby (d) of
White house, co. Dur-
ham, marriage settle-
ment, 13th December,
1612 (/) ; buried 27th
August, 1658 (J).

Robert Delaval of South Dissington, son and
heir ((/), bap. at Jarrow,2ist .April, 1605 (»;) ;
M.P. for Morpeth, 1659 ; had in August,
1660, a pardon for all offences committed be-
fore loth June, 1660 ; had South Dissington
by deed, 2nd December, 1612 (/), and was
rated for that place in 1663 ; died s.p. 6th
February, 1666/7 (?) ; will dated 22nd
January, 1666/7 (/) ; proved 1667 (<r).

Eliza-

John Dela-

beth,

val, died

bapt.

unmar-

13th

ried (e-) ;

March,

buried 5 th

1602/3

December

('")■

1650 (/;).

William Delaval of Dissington
ie'), rated for lands in Old and
New Bewick and East Lilburn
in 1663 ; succeeded to South
Dissington in 1667 on the death
of his half-brother (y) ; buried
in Newburn chancel, 20th
.August, 1684 (y).

I I I

Mary, daughter
of Sir Henry
W'iddrington
of Black Hed-
don, knight
{e), and widow
of George
Ramsay of
Bewick.

William Delaval, baptised lOth December, 1664

(li) ; buried loth .August, 1731 (/).
Robert, buried gth August, 1666 (Ji).
John, buried 26th May, 1670 (Ji).

I I i

Dorothy, living at Newcastle, unmarried, 14th February, 1687/S (y) ;

buried 21st April, 1743 (/).
Isabel, buried at Newburn, 19th February, 1667/8 (i5).
Mary, living at Newcastle, unmarried, 14th February, 1687/8 (/).

Ralph Dela- George Delaval (<), succeeded, on the
val, died death of his mother, to North Dis-

before 2Sth sington (/) (for which place, with

Aug., 1666, Coldcotes, he was rated in 1663),

unmarried and to South Dissington on the

W. death of his brother William (/) ;

buried in Newburn chancel, 1 8th

March, 1694/5 ('/)-

I I I I

Margaret, daugh- Margaret, bom before 161 5 (rf).

ter of Edward Dorothy,bap. at All Saints', Newcastle, 19th Feb.,

Grey of Bitch- 1621/2 ; living unmarried 24th Dec, 1666.

field (c), buried Barbara, married Nathaniel Massey ; named in

at St. Nicho- the will of her brother Robert (c).

las', Newcastle, Mary, mar. 26th April, 1659, George Martin of

3rd October, Newcastle, draper (Ji), and was named in the

1709 (/). will of her brother Robert (c), then a widow.

John Dela-
val, son
and heir,
baptised
25th May,
1662 (J>)\
[died at
North
Dissing-
ton ; biu".
8th April,
1681 (//)].

Edward Delaval =
of South Dis-
sington, baptised
2Sth Oct., 1664
(b) ; high sheriff
of Northumber-
land, 1721 ; died
3rd August,
1744, ^ged 80 ;
buried in New-
burn chancel
(?) ; will dated
2ist June, 1732

Mary, widow George Delaval, R.N. [bapt. at New-
of Ralph burn, 25th May, 1660] ; envoy to
Ord of West the emperor of Morocco, 1700 and
Ord, daugh- 1707, and to the king of Portugal
ter and co- in 1710 ; rear-admiral, 1718 ; vice-
heiress of admiral, 1722 (y^) : M.P. for West
Sir Francis -Looe, in Cornwall, 1715 and 1722 ;
Blake of purchased the Seaton Delaval es-
Ford castle, tates in 1718 from his kinsman. Sir
knt. (/") ; John Delaval, and commenced to
buried 7th build Delavabhall ; died 22nd June,
December, 1723, aged 55 (yt) ; bur. in Seaton
1711, aged Delaval chapel, 4th July following
47 ('/). (rt);willdated22ndMay,i723(/).

I I I

James Delaval,
R.X., midship-
man H.M.S.
'Coventry,' 1699
if) ; died at Ca-
diz, 1700 (.^).

Robert Delaval,
captain, R.N. ;
died at Genoa,
29th January,

1708 (g\

Ralph Delaval,
buried l6thjuly,
1672 (i).

I I

Mary, mar. Ed-
ward Shafto of
Hexham Spital,
younger son of
John Shafto of
B a V i n g 1 0 n ;
bond of mar-
riage, 2 1st Feb-
ruary, 1 700/1. si/

Eliz.ibeth, living
at Newcastle,
u n m a r r i e d ,
22nd May, 1723
C/)-

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP.

i73

Robert Dela- Francis Delaval, bapt. 27th Dec, l6g2

val,bapt.2iKl (7); captain R.N. ; assinnetl the

Sept., 1690 name of Blake on siicceetling to Ford

(j) ; captain castle under the will of his maternal

R.N., died grandfather (/), and subsequent!)'

at Seaton that of Blake-Delaval on succeeding

lodge. 13th to Seaton Delaval under the will ol

P'ebruary, his uncle, .Admiral Cieorge Delaval

1714/5 (/) ; (/) ; knight of the shire, 1716 ; high

bur. in Sea- sheriff of Northumberland, 1729 ;

ton Delaval died 9th December, 1752, aged 59

chapel, 17th (/>) ; buried in Seaton Delaval

February, chapel (rt) ; wall dated i6th l''ebruary,

1 7 14/5 («)• 1748 ; proved 1753 and 1759 (v).

Rhoda, daughter of Robert
Apreece of Washingiy,
Hunts ; articles before mar-
riage, 1 0th June, 1724 (/) ;
married at St. /\nne's, Soho,
6th August, 1724 (;f) ; suc-
ceeded to Doddington
Pigot on the death of her
m<.)ther in 1749 j tl'ed at
Kensington, 9th August,
and was buried there, I7tli
August, I759(i'); will dated
30th June, I759(/); proved
same year.

1 I

Margaret, baptised 6th September,
1694 (/<) ; married Ralph Robm-
son (/") of Gateshead, carpenter ;
was a widow at the dale of her
father's will ; buried at Mortlake,
Surrey (.r).

Fdizabeth, bapt. 12th June, 1 701 (/<_);
burieil 27th May, 1727 (i).

.Xinie, bapt. Stli Sept., 1702 (_//), 2nd
wife of Sir Ralph Milbanke of
llalnaby ; articles before marriage,
nth Se[it., 1721 ; post-nuptial set-
tlement, 8th -Aug., 1722 (/) ; bond
of marriage, 13th Sept., 1721.

I
Sir Francis Blake-Delaval
of Seaton Dela\'al, and
of Ford castle, K.B.,
born l6th March, 1727
(/) ; of Christ Church,
Oxon.; matriculated
23rd March, 1746/7 ;
M.P. for Hindon, 1751,
and for .\ndo\'er, 1754,
1761 ; Knight of the
Bath, 26th May, 1 761
(^) ; died 7th August,
1771 (», without legiti-
mate issue ; buried at
Seaton Delaval chapel,
1 6th of same month («) ;
will dated 20th July,
1 77 1 ; proved same
year (^).

Isabella, widow
of Loid Nas-
sau Paulet,
and daughter
and co-heir of
Thom.as Tuf-
ton, earl of
Thanet ; mar.
at St. George's
chapel, May-
fair,8th March

1749/50 (s):

mar. dissolved
in 1755 ; died
23rd Dec. 1763
i,g) ', buried
at Grosvenor
chapel, 2nd
Jan., 1764 (^).

Susanna, widow of
John Potter,
I nder secretary of
state for Ireland,
and daughter of
Ralph Robinson
of Gateshead by
Margaret Dela-
\al, his wife ;
married at Duke
Street chapel,
Westminster, 2nd
April, 1750 («);
died at Hanover
Square, 1st Oct.,
17S3 ; buried in
St. Paul's chapel,
Westminster Ab-
bey («)•

Sir John Hussey-Delaval,bart.,Lord = Susanna Eliza-

Delaval of Redfoid, and Baron beth, daugh-

Delavai of Seaton Delaval, born ter of

17th March, 1728 (.f); succeeded to Knight of
Doddington Pigot on the death of London, mar.

his mother, and to Seaton Delaval 5th January,

on the death of his brother (/) ; 1S03 («) ; to

of Pembroke College, Camb. ; whom her

M.P. for Berwick, 1754, 1765, husbandgave

1768, 1780, 1784 ; created a baro- Ford castle

net, 1st July, 1761 ; Baron Delaval for life ; died

of Redford in the peerage of Ire- at Matlock,

land, 17th October, 1783 ; elevated 20th August,

to the peerage of the United King- 1822, aged

dom,2Ist.\ugust, I786(«) ; diedat 60.
Seaton Delaval, 17th May, 180S ;
buried in St. Paul's chapel, West-
minster .Abbey («) ; will dated
24th Sept., 1S06; proved 1808.

I
Edward Hussey-Delaval, F.R.S., baptised
I2th June, 1729 (/<) ; of Pembroke College,
Camb.; B.A. 1750; M.A. 1754; Fellow,
1 75 1 ; succeeded to Seaton Delaval on the
death of his brother ; died at Parliament
Place, Old Palace Yard, Westminster, 14th
August, 1814, aged 86 («) ; buried in West-
minster Abbey («) ! will dated 24th July,
1789; republished 26th July, 1810; proved
27th August, 1814 (g).

Sarah, dau. of George
Scott of Methley, co.
York, married at St.
Margaret's, Westmins-
ter, 22nd December,
1808 (^); diedat Upper
Grosvenor Place, 17th
February, 1829, aged
78 ; buried at St. Mar-
garet's, Westminster {g).

Thomas Delaval, a :
merchant at Ham-
burg, afterwards
of C lapham , where
he died, 31st
August, 1787 c/),
aged 56 ; will
dated 1 6th July,
1782 ; proved Sep-
tember, 1787 (j).

: Cecilia, daughter
of Joel Watson
of Clapham,
married at St.
George's, Han-
over Square,
2 2nd Septem-
ber, 176S (0);
died 24th June,

1775 C^)-

Sarah Hussey, to whom, with her mother, her father gave his lands at Doddington Pigot, married at St. Margaret's,
Westminster, 13th April, 1805, James Gunman of Dover ; died 4th May, 1S25; buried at St. Mary's, Dover; will
dated 27th August, 1824 (g).

r. I I I I

Robert Delaval, born 5th March, 1733 ; bapt.
at St. George's, Hanover Square ; named
in his mother's will ; stated to have been
killed at the taking of Uuebec ; will dated
nth May, 1758 ; proved l6thOct., 1759 (^).

George Delaval, living 14th June, 1755 (/) ;
dead before 6th July, 17 58 ig).

Henry Dela\'al, baptised i8lh December, 1736
((?) ; captain 73rd regiment ; killed in India,
27th June, 1760; buried at X'oldnre (/).

Ralph Delaval, a twin with Ilenr)', baptised
1 8th December, 1736 («) ; stated to have
been in a mercantile house in Lisbon ; living
igth January, 1748 ; died s.J>. in his father's
lifetime (/).

I I I I

Rhoda, born 1st July, 1725 ; baptised at St. George s, Hanover Square ;
married 23rd May, 175 1, Edward Astley of Melton Constable, after-
wards a baronet ; buried at Widcombe, Bath, 2ist October, 1757 (^).

Anne Hussey, born 2nd December, 1737 ; baptised at St. George's,
Hanover Square (^) ; articles before marriage, 5th October, 1759 C/D i
married first, 6th October, 1759. Sir William Stanhope of Eytherup,
CO. Bucks, and second, in 1773, Charles Morris, captain 2nd Life
Guards ; post-nuptial settlement, loth July, 1773 ; she died at Melton
Constable, 23rd February, 1812, s./>. {g").

Elizabeth Mary, born 22nd December, 1738 ; baptised at St. Margaret's,
Westminster ; died in her father's lifetime (^).

Sarah, baptised 14th March, 1742 («) ; married first, 30th Januarj', 1760,
John Savile. afterwards 1st earl of Mexborough, and second, 4th May,
1780, Sandford Hardcastle, rector of Adel, Yorks. ; she died 9th August,
1821 (g-).

'74

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

John Delaval,
son antl heir,
born al Sealon
Dehival (a),
26th May,
baptised 17th

June, l756(,-<-);
died unmar-
lied al Bristol
Hots p I i n ,£^ s ,
7thjuly,i7'75;
buried at Dod-
dington Pigot

I I I I I I

Rhoda, born iSth I'ebruary, 1751 ; baptised at St. George's, Hanover Square ; died at Doddington
Pigot, 7th August, 1770 (/r)-

Susanna, born 25th June, baptised 23rd July, 1753 (n) ; buried at Audley Street chapel, 2Ist Uctoljer,
1764 (/).

Sophia Anne, baptised 14th January, 1755 (i) ; married [first before 2nd April, 1778, Henry Devereux
of Bordeaux, and second] at St. Maiy's, l.ambeth, 6lh February, 1780, John Godfrey Maximilian
Jadis, ensign 59th Foot ; died 24th July, 1793 ; buried at Doddington Pigot (^).

Elizabeth, baptised 29th August, 1757 (rt) ; married at her father's house in Hanover Square, 2Ist May,
1781, Cieorge Thicknesse, Baron Audley (u), and died nth July, 1785.

Frances, bapti.sed 28th March, 1759 (a) ; married, 22nd -August, 177S, John Fenton of Lancaster, who as-
sumed by royal licence, in 1781, the name of Cawthorne ; died 1839 ; will proved 28th .March, 1839 (^).

Sarah Hussey, born 1st July, 1763 (a) ; married 3rd June, 1780 (h), George Carpenter, second earl
of Tyrconnel ; marriage licence, 2nd Jiuie, 17S0 (;) ; died at Gibsidc, 7th October, 1800; buried
in'St. Paul's chapel, Westminster Abbey (,;;).

(rt) EarsdoK Register.
(/i) Newburn Register.

(d) St. George's I'i^i/n/icm, 1615.
(^) Dugdale's Visitation^ 1666.
(/) Marquis of Waterford's MSS.
(^) Cole, Htstoiy uj Doddington.
\h) St. John's Register, Newcastle.
(;■) St. Nic/ioliis' Register, Newcastle
(_;) Sttimfoi dham Register.

(^) Hortoyi Register.

(/) St. Oswald's Register, Durham.

(w) Jarrov) Register.

(k) Westminster Aliliey Register, Harl. Soc. Pub. No. 10.

(tf) St. George's Register. Hanover S(juare, Harl. Soc. Pub.
(Register Series, No. n).

(^) Coffin-lid inscriptions at Seaton Delaval, Proc. of New-
castle Soc. of Antiq. vol. iii. p. 283.

(if) Monumental Inscription, Newburn chancel.

(/-) AJarriage Licences, F'aculty Office, Harl. Soc. Pub. No.
24, p. 260.

(i) Delaval pedigree compiled by Beltz, Lancaster Herald.

TABLE IV.

Thomas Del.^v.al of Durham, third son (rf) of Sir Ralph Delaval of Seaton
Delaval, knight, by Jane Hilton, his wife, on whom his father settled
lands in Cowpen by deed dated 9th F'ebruary, 1623/4 (''0 i acquired lands
at Hetton-le-Hole and at Eden-dean (<•) ; buried at St. Mary's in the South
Bailey, Durham, 20th October, 1663 ; will dated 14th March, 1662 (c).

Elizabeth, widow of Francis James of Hetton.
le-Holc, and daughter of Sir William
Bellasis, knight (f/) ; married at Hough-
ton-le-Spring, 6th May, 1645 (a) ; buried
2 1st October, 1661 («).

I
Robert Delaval (rf) of Duiham,
and of Fden-dean (*'), born
• I7lh April, 1646(a); to whom
his father gave lands -.A Dean-
house, in the parish of Easing-
ton ; was 19 years of age when,
2 1 St April, 1664, he elected Ed-
ward Lee of Sunderland to be
his guardian (c) ; mayor of Dur-
ham, 1686, 1687, 16S8, 1689.

Rebecca, daugh-
ter and co-heir
of .Anthony
Shadforth of
Tunstall ; born
30th June, 1646
(f) ; bond of
marriage, 20th
May, 1664 ;
died 1707 (f).

I I

William, born 7ih July, 1650
(a) ; died i8th of same
month («).

Thomas Delaval (i/) of the
parish of St. Oswald's,
Durham, born 5th July,
1658 (a) ; administration of
his personal estate granted,
July, 1676, to his brother
Robert (c).

I I

Anne (rf), born 2 1st .August. 1647
(a) ; married 26th April, 1670,
Robert Lambton of Biddick
and of Newham, parish of Bam-
burgh (e) ; buried at Hamburgh,
15th January, 1731/2 (^). 4-

Mary (</), born 5th January, 1648
{a) ; married Hammond Beau-
mont, clerk ; bond of marriage,
20th May, 1674. ^^

I
Thomas Delaval, :
bapt. at Bishop-
wearmouth, 14th
May, 1667 (/);
stated to have
died in the West
Indies (;).

Anne, married

Waring

of Dublin (/;).

I
Shadforth Delaval,
bapt. at Hough-
ton-le-Spring,
30th .April, 1670
(a) ; stated to
have died in the
West Indies {e').

I
Ralph Dela- ■.
val of Tuns-
tal, died 19th
May, 1 72 1
(^) ; buried
at Bishop-
wearmouth.

Anne, daughter of Edward Dale of
Dalton-le-Dale (f), married her
cousin at Bishopwearmouth, 6th
May, I7i6(/); bond of mar., 17th
April, 1716 ; she remar. John Dale
at Bishopwearmouth, 23rd .April.
1728 (y"),and died a widow in 1750
(«■)•

I I I

John, baptised 14th
Jan., 1672/3 (a).

Nathaniel, buried 6th
Sept., 1679 (^).

Mary, baptised 5th
September, 1663
(/) ; buried 1 2th
October, 1665 (f).

I I
Rebecca, baptised at Bishopwearmouth,

April, 1727 (/).
Isabel, baptised at Bishopwearmouth, I

mother's lifetime (<•).

, 26th May, 1717 (_/"), daughter and co-heir; buried 20th
6th August, 1720 (/), daughter and co-heir; died in her

(a) Houghtou-le-Sprtng Register.

(n) Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

(i:) Raine, Test. Dunelm.

((/) Dugdale's Visitation of Ncnihiimlierland, 1666.

(f) Surtees, Durham, vol. i. pp. 37-38, 201, 222 ; vol. ii. p. 397.

(/") Bishopweat mouth Register.

{g~) Dalton Register.

(/;) Robert Surtees's MSS.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 175

TABLE V.
William Delaval, sixlh son of Sir R:ilph Delaval of Seaton Delaval, knight, by Jane Ilillon, = Mary, daughter of Sir Peter

his wife (<>), baptised 28th April, 1616 (n) ; educated at Morpeth school and at St. John's
College, Cambridge, to which he was admitted nth July, 1633, aged 17 ; living at Ilorton,
1645 (//), and at Newcastle, 1648 (/;) ; [buried 2nd June, 1667 (c)j.

Riddel 1 of Newcastle,
knighl ((?), [buried 6lh
September, 1675 (f)]-

I „„.... . .1

Sir Ralph Delaval, admiral R.N. (e)^ admiral of the blue, 1690 ;
knighted 31st May, 1690 ; commanded the blue squadron at
the battle off Beachy-head ; one of the Lords of the Admiralty,
15th April, 1693 («') ; buried at the upper end of the west
aisle of Westminster, 23rd January, 1706/7 ((^) ; administra-
tion of his personal estate granted nth March, 1706/7 (</).

Hester Major of London (c), re- William Delaval Qe)

nounced administration of her [town clerk of

husband's estate, nth March, Newcastle, 1662 ;

1706/7 ((/); buried in the chan- buried 28th Janu-

cel of St. James's, Clerkenwell, ary, 1675/6 (<:)].

loth July, 1707 (^Register). Perhaps other issue.

II I I .

Two sons, died Hester Delaval, married, first at Charterhouse chapel, iSth Mary Delaval (c), born 1st Other child-

in their fa- November, 1690, James Harrison of the parish of St. January, 1675/6 ; joint ren died

ther's life- Martin's in the Fields, and second, Richard Lucas, major administratrix of her in infancy

time (1/). of a foot regiment, afterwards a colonel in the army (c) ; father's estate (</). (</).

joint administratrix of her father's estate C^).

(«) Eutsdon Register. (</) Westminster Aliliev Registers, Harl. Soc. Pub. No. 10.

(/<) Marquis of Waterford's MSS. (e') he tie^e. Pedigrees 0/ K'>iig/its, -p. j,i2, l\3.r\. Soc. Vuh.

(f) St Nicholas Registers, Newcastle. No. 8.

EvinENCES TO Delaval Peiugrer.

1599, June iSth. Settlement upon the marriage of Ralph Delaval, son and heir of Robert Delaval of Seaton
Delaval, with Jane Hilton, daughter of .Anne Hilton of Hilton, widow. The said Robert Delaval and Ralph Delaval
agree to convey to Ralph Grey of Chillinghani, Edward Grey of Morpeth, Talbot Bowes of Richmond, and George
Bowes of Biddick, their manors of Seaton Delaval, Hartley, Dissington, Black Callerton and Horton, their moiety of
Tynemouth rectory, and the tithes of Elwick in Durham, to the following uses : the manor of Horton to the use
of the said Ralph Delaval and to his wife in name of jointure, for life, with remainder to their male issue, and,
in default of issue, with successive remainders to John, Robert, Edward, Claudius, Francis, and .Arthur, younger
sons of the said Robert Delaval ; the heirs male of Robert Delaval the father ; Henry and Thomas, his brothers ;
Joshua, Ralph, Peter, and Clement, his cousins gerrnan ; Edward Delaval, son of Anthony Delaval, his kinsman ;
and the right heirs of the said Robert Delaval ; and the remaining lands to the use of the said Robert Delaval, with
remainders as above, subject to a yearly rent of X25 out of the demesnes of Seaton Delaval to the said Jane Hilton for
life, and with power to Robert Delaval to charge the premises with the yearly sum of .^260 by demises for terms of
years or lives. Chancery Imj. />.m. second series, vol. ccc. No. 185.

1621, September 26th. Settlement upon the marriage of Robert Delaval, son of Sir Ralph Delaval of Seaton
Delaval, knight, with Barbara Selhy, daughter of Sir George Selby of Whitehouse in the county of Durham, knight,
and sheriff of that county. The said Sir Ralph Delaval agrees to convey to Sir William Belassis of Morton, co.
Durham, knight, and to Edward Grey of Morpeth castle, esq., his manors of Seaton Delaval, Hartle}', Black Callerton
and North Dissington, and the moiety of Tynemouth rectory to the following uses : the manor of Black Callerton and
the coal mines there to the use of the said Robert Delaval and to his wife as jointure, with remainder to their heirs
male, and, in default of issue, with successive remainders to Ralph, Thomas, John, Edward, William, George, and
Henry, younger sons of the said Sir Ralph Delaval ; the heirs male of Sir Ralph Delaval, the father ; Sir John
Delaval, Robert, Edward, Claudius, Francis, and Arthur, his brothers; Henry and Thomas, his uncles ; Joshua, Peter,
and Clement, his cousins ; Edward Delaval, son of Anthony Delaval, his kinsman ; and the right heirs of the said
Sir Ralph Delaval ; and the remaining lands to the use of the said Sir Ralph Delaval for life, with remainders
as above, subject to a yearly rent of jf 30 to the said Robert and Barbara as an increase of jointure, and of .^50 out of
Tynemouth rectory to the said Barbara if she survive her husband ; and with power to Sir Ralph Delaval to charge
the premises with the sum of ;/r4,000 for the provision of his younger children, to be raised by a rent-charge of ;f 500
per annum. Chancery Inq.p.tn. second series, vol. cccii. No. 130.

1622, October 13th. The uncles and aunts of Ralph Delaval, esq., the daj- he was horn.

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's father : Ralph Delaval, Thomas Delaval, John Delaval, Edward Delaval,
William Delaval, George Delaval, Henry Delaval, Charles Delaval, Sir George Bowes and Marj' his lady, Dorothy
Delaval, Anne Delaval, Jane Delaval, Katherine Delaval, Isabel Delaval, Margaret Delaval. Elizabeth Delaval,
Martha Delaval.

176 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's grandfather : Sir John Delaval and Elizabeth his lady, Robert Delaval and his
wife, Edward Delaval and his wife, Claudius Delaval, Francis Delaval, Arthur Delaval, Michael Mitford and
Jane his wife.

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's great-grandfather : Henry Delaval and his wife, Thomas Delaval.

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's great-grandmother : Sir F'rancis Ratdiff, Sir Ralph Grey and his lady. Sir
Edward Grey, Sir Roger Grey, Sir Arthur Grey and his lady, Thomas Ogle and his wife.'

Brothers and sisters of Ralph's grandmother: Baron Henry Hilton and his lady, George Hilton, Robert Hilton,
John Hilton and Thomasin his wife, Robert Brandling and Mary his wife, Robert Delaval.

Brothers and sisters to the great-grandfather, Mr. Thomas Hylton : Captain Henry Hylton and his wife, Arthur
Halliwell and Katherine his wife.^

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's great-grandmother, Ann Bowes : Sir Talbot Bowes and his lady, Thomas Bowes
and his wife. Sir Timothy Hutton and his lady, Jane Bowes and her husband."

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's own mother : Sir William Bellasis and Margaret his lady, Sir Patrick Curwen and
Isabell his lady, Dorothy Selby, Mary Selby.

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's grandfather, Sir George Selby : Sir William Selby and his lady, Charles Selby
and his wife. Bell Ogle and her husband, Mary Greene and her husband, Lady Margaret Fenwick, Lady Jane Wrey,
Sir William Wrey, Elizabeth Sympson, Barbara Fenwick and her husband, Eleanor Crosby and her husband,
Matthew Randall and Grace his wife.*

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's great-grandfather, old Mr. Selby : '' Mr, Robert llodgshon and his wife, Lancelot
Hodshon and his wife, William Hodshon, Elizabeth Hedley.

Brothers and sisters to Ralph's grandmother. Lady Selby : Sir William Selby and his lady, Sir Ralph Selby and
his lady. Sir John Selby and his lady, Mrs. Muschamp, Thomas Carr."

From Thomas Delaval's book in the possession of the Marquis of Waterford.

16234, January loth. Will of Sir Ralph Delaval of Seaton Delaval. In the name of God, .Amen. I, Sir
Raphe Delavale of Seaton Delavale, knight, being in good and perfect health, for which I give God most humble
and hearty thanks, but knowing well how uncertain the time is when it shall please God to call me out of this
transitory world, doe therefore that I, having set my house in order in ye time of my health and strenth of body, may
better attend and apply myselfe hereafter to heavenly things, both before and when it shall please God to visite me
with sickness, make this my last will and testament. First I bequeath and recommend my soule into the hands of
.Almightie God, maker of all things, hoping assuredly by ye death and passion of His Son and my Lord and only
Saviour, Jesus Christ, to have remission of my sins. And I will and appoint that my body be interred among my
ancestors in my chappell at Seaton Delavale if conveniently it may be, or else in some other church or chappell where
it shall please God to separate my soule from my body. My funeralls to be with desencye as maye become a trewe
Christian, and that without vayne pompe and needlesse charge and curiositie. *****

I will and appoint that after my funeral and debts paid, my goods, chattels, leases, household-stuff, money,
debts, and plate, being divided into three parts, my dear and loving wife. Dame Jane Delavale, shall have a third part
thereof for such thirds and widow-right as any way by the lawes of this realme and the provinciall custom where I
now dwell are due unto her. To my said dear wife another full third part of all my goods, chattels, leases, household-
stuff, money, debts and plate whatsoever. The other third part unto my well-beloved sons. Raphe Delavale, Thomas
Delavale, John Delavale, Edward Delavale, William Delavale, George Delavale, Henry Delavale and Charles
Delavale equally. * » » *

I will and devise unto my said wife. Dame Jane Delavale and my three sons, Raphe, Thomas and John Dela\'ale,
my chieff mansion-house and capital messuage of Seaton Delavale, with all houses, buildings, outhouses, yards,
paddocks, etc., belonging thereto, to hold to them and their heirs for the term of twenty-one years, with three
hundred wain-load of coal yearly out of my coal-mine of Seaton Delavale for firing, on condition that they leave the
house in repair, and leave to my heir all )'e wainscott. glasse and brewing vessell in ye same, as also all iron chimneys
or grates that are in my house, together with all tables in j'e great chamber and hall there, and also the best
furniture I have at ye time of my death belonging to my great dyning chamber, the great bed-chamber, the
rose chamber and hall there. » * » ♦

' See Raine, Noi th Durham, p. 326. - See Surtees, Diii/iam, vol. ii. p. 27. ' IHii. vol. iv. p. 108.

' //lid. vol. ii. p. 274.

^ Error for the half-brothers and half-sisters of the great-grandmother, Mrs. Selby.

" See Raine, Norlh Durham, p. 315.

SEATON nEI.AVAT. TOWNSHIP. 177

All which I hereby will and command my said well-beloved wife and sons duly and truly to performe and keepe,
as also that they themselves remayne still and continue in ye faithfull and due serving of God in ye same true and
Christian religion I have hitherto taught and brought them up in, and in which I command and will them likewise
that all the rest of my sons and daughters may by them likewise be brought up in and taught. And to that end and
purpose I charge, will, and command my said dearly beloved wife and three sons before named that they alwayes
provide and keepe in my said house a sufficient honest and true Protestant religious preacher, both to leach and
instruct them and all the rest of my children in following true religion and virtue, even as my hope is in them, and as
they will either shew themselves thankefull to me or discharge the trust I repose in them ; whereby all the world
may know there feare and service to God, and there love to me who loved them dearly well when I lived.

Extracted from the original in Durham Probate Registry.

1629. Sir Raphe Dalavale, knight, sone of Sir Robart Dalavale of Seaton Dalavel in the countye of North-
umberland, knight, departed this life the xxiiij of November, 1628. He mared Janne Hilton, one of the daughters of
Mr. Thomas Hilton in the countye of Druesme, esquire, and they had issue 9 sonnes and xj daughters, vidz. : Robart,
who mared Barbrye, one of the daughters and coheires of Sir George Selbye of Newcastell, knight, and Raphe,
Thomas, John, Edward, William, George, Henrye and Charlies ; Mary, the eldest daughter, who maried Sir George
Bowes in the countye of Druesme, knight ; Dorethey, the second, who mareid Sir John Hedworth of the said
countye, knight ; Anne, Jane, Katheren, Isabell, Margret, Frances, Elsabeth, Martha, Barbrey. He bore for his cote
armer fowre cotes quartered : the first, ermine tow harres vert ; the second, gules 3 eglels argent ; the third, harre of
sixe argent and azure ; the fourth, gules, a lyon rampen ermine, crouned or ; insigned with an helmet answerable to his
degree, mantled gules, duhled argent, one a torce argent and vert a ranies head errassed ermine, armed or ; and for his
word and motu, Dieu me conduce. He lyeth inteared at Seaton Dalavale in the countye of Northumberland amongst
his ancestors. State Papers, Domestic, Chas. I., vol. dxxix. No. 39.

Portraits of the following members of the Delaval family are at Doddington-hall in Lincolnshire: (i) Sir Ralph
Delaval, 'coasting admiral in the time of Charles H.,' probably the first baronet, of whom a good portrait, taken as a
child in white satin with a coral necklace, is in the possession of the marquis of Waterford. (2) A boy in a red dress
trimmed with silver, with the Delaval arms, namely, quarterly of six, I, Delaval ; 2, gules, three eaglets displayed ;
3, GrEVSTOKE ; 4, gules, a lion rampant; 5, SelBY ; 6, FenwicK ; representing a son of Sir John Delaval of
Dissington by Elizabeth Selby, his second wife. (3) Captain Francis Blake-Delaval. (4) Rhoda Blake-Delaval, wife
of the last-named ; several portraits and groups of her children by Pond. (5) Sir P'rancis Blake-Delaval by Sir
Joshua Reynolds ; replicas of this picture exist at Ford castle, Methley in Yorkshire, and at Seaton Delaval.

(6) Lord Delaval, of whom there are also portraits by N. Hone at Ford and by William Bell at Seaton Delaval.

(7) Lady Dela\al, his first wife, taken by Pond ; at Seaton Delaval is a portrait by Bell. (8) Edward Hussey-
Delaval. (9) Sarah Hussey-Delaval, his wife, by G. F. Joseph. (10) Sarah Gunman, by Sir Thomas Lawrence.
(11) Lady Pollington, afterwards Mexborough, with her husband and son, by Sir Joshua Rej'nolds. There is also at
Doddington an early painting supposed to represent Eleanor, wife of William Fenwick of Bilchfield. It portrays an
old woman in black, with deep ruffles, gold bracelets, double chain, and a black broad-brimmed hat, with a black
feather fan hung at her side. In the same house is a picture of the six youngest children of Captain F. B. Delaval,
the heads painted by Rhoda Astley, the draperies by Van Archer. For a full account of these and other portraits
at Doddington see Cole, Historv of Doddington, pp. 216-227.

Among the pictures belonging to the marquis of Waterford, formerly at Ford Castle, is: a portrait of Lady
Milbanke, and portraits of Captain Henry Delaval and of Rhoda Astley by Sir Joshua Reynolds. In the same
collection and at Seaton Delaval are various portraits of the children of Lord Delaval painted by William Bell. A
portrait of Lady Stanhope by Sir Joshua Reynolds is at Methley.

Seaton Delaval Hall.

A list of fortresses in the county of Northumberland, prepared in 141 5,
contains the earliest known reference to a tower at Seaton Delaval.' No
licence for its crenellation exists, and, in the absence of any record of archi-
tectural features, it is impossible to establish its date. The very site has

' Bates, Bonier Holds, p. i6.
Vol. I.\. 23

178 EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

been forgotten. Hutchinson, whose connexion with the Delaval family
gave him reliable information, says that the tower stood within a few yards
of the modern liall.' There is no evidence for placing it, as shown on the
Ordnance survey, some little distance to the south-west, nor can the chapel
of St. Mary have formed any part of it. In 1549 the beacon on Seaton
tower-head formed one of a chain of fires that were held in readiness to
give the alarm in case of invasion.^

Considerable additions were made to the tower in the course of the
sixteenth century, as may be seen from the inventory of furniture taken upon
the death of Sir Robert Delaval in 1606.

In the great hcd-chamhev. Imprimis, one bedstead, two tapestrie covering's, two paire of double
blancketts, three fetherbedds, two bolsters, two pillowes, two mattresses, fyve curtens with vallence of
say and three coverletts, £\j, . . . Item, one chaire, one old stoole and one long quishion of needle-
work, .... Item, one wainscot cubbord table, .... Item, two cubbord-clothes, th'one needle work,
th'other clothe, .... Item, one iron chimney and 4 barres of iron, .... Item, one chamber pott and
close stoole, ....

Similar entries for the rose chamber, the read chamber, the west chamber, the chamber above the
parlour, the litle chamber in the tower, the gunnehouse in the tower, and the chamber above the stable.
Inventories of four other chambers illegible.

In the parlor. Imprimis, one long joyned table, two wainescot cubbord tables, fyve joyned formes,
one joyned chaire, 6 joyned stooles, 6 quishions of turkie work, one table-clothe, one cubbord-cloth of
tapestrie, one short table-cloth, two dornish cupbord-clothes, one iron chimney and one pocre, £4 2s.

Ill the great dyningc chamber. Item, one long framed table, two cupbord tables, 4 wainescot long
formes, 18 joyned stoles, 9 needle work quishions, 6 turkie work quishions, one table-clothe of tapestrie
work, two cupbord-clothes of turkie work, two chaires covered withe leather, and one little iron chimney,
^16 los.

In the kitehin and paistrie. Imprimis, one iron chimney, two iron racks, 2 rakin crookes, one iron
pocr, 7 iron spitts, £2 13s. Item, one brasse caldren, 2 brasse kettles, 30s. Item, 14 brasse potts, £2.
Item, II brasse pannes, 20s. Item, two brasse morters, one pestell, 6s. Sd. Item, one clyving knife,
one minching knife, one frying panne, and two dripping pannes and two pott-hocks, 7s. 4d. Item, fyve
tables, 2s. 6d.

In the larder. Item, two presses, three beefe tubbs, 15 dozen pewther vessell, 2 dozen sawcers, 4

bazins, 5 ,4 brasse candle sticks.

In the hiittrie. Item, one table, fyve pewther potts, 7 silver candle-sticks, 3 brasse candle-sticks,
three dozen trenchers, 7 basins, . . . two peuder voiders, .... spones, 27s. Item, two silver
salt . . . . , 9 silver forkes, 2 dozen . . . . , ^24 14s. . . .'

Many important alterations were made to the house by Sir Ralph
Delaval, who died in 1628, and recorded by his son, Thomas Delaval.

He builded the long new house at Seaton to the garden wall of the grounds, the brewing house, the
crosse house 'twixt the tower and the gardner, and some sixteen yards long of the east end of the stable.
He new builded the baking house and part of the kitchen. He sett on the battlements on the fore front
of the house. He built the dove-coate of the ground at Seaton. ... He built new the garden wall

' Hutchinson, History of Northumberland, vol. ii. p. 332.

"- Duke of Rutland's MSS. Hist. MSS. Com. vol. i. p. 37. ' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

SEATON DEI, AVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 71^

round about, and enlarged il much, and made ihc mounts. He l)uilt new tlie great courting walls all
round about, with the little wall to the feikl dicke. He new coped with hewen stone all the fore courting
walls, and built new the two cross walls. He paved and flagged the fore-court all new. He built the
back court walls and coale hole, and paved all the back court, and withoutt the gate paved and level'd all
the ground there. . . . He new tabled and sett finialls and new topped all the chymneys of the house
and buildings. He built the granery stone starecase and west chamber stayrecase. . . . He put out new
windowes in the old towers, in the kitchin, in the school chamber, in the old granery and sundry other
places of the house. He new stalled, bayed, rackt and mangered all the stables. . . . He new wains-
cotted the rose-, schooles-, reed-, and his own, chamber. His study, and upper end of the hall he wains-
cotted and made the wood portall there. . . . He tooke of ye study from ye upper end of the dining
roome, and built a wind instrument there, 1627. . . . He new built Seaton barne, the long byer-houses
from end to end, the kilne, the ox-byer, the hen-house, and the common stable; and, except some one or
two, all the houses of the towne he new builded. He bestowed much cost in levelling the ground about
the house for decency and uniformity ; and, in a word, all his days he was never without work-people
either within or without doores. '

These documents serve to give some idea of the mansion that pre-
ceded the present hall. Adjoining to a tower, probably of fourteenth
century date, there stood a Tudor manor house containing a hall, a great
chamber, and various lodgings. This in its turn had become the core
of a large Jacobean place, with side wings, long galleries and prominent
staircases. Seventeenth-century windows had been inserted in the earlier
walls, while elaborate chimneys and battlements of the same period sur-
mounted the roof. Curtain walls enclosed a flagged fore-court. Stables
and offices w^ere attached to the manor house. Near to it lay the orchard
and high-walled garden ; while farther distant were the buildings of the
home farm, and a little way off a Norman chapel nestled among the trees.

Admiral Delaval found the old house sadly decayed when he pur-
chased the estate in 1718. 'I would be glad,' he wrote to his brother
in April of that year, ' to divert myself a little in my old age in repairing
the old house, making a garden and planting forest trees, for which we
may e.xpect prayers when we are no more, — praises I should call it for
fear of being thought Popish.'^ In the following February he wrote that
he intended to persuade vSir John Vanbrugh to see Seaton, and to give him
a plan for a new house, or to alter the old one.^ Vanbrugh preferred to
lay out his mansion on new lines. Work commenced in 1720 with the
complete demolition of the old tower and hall, and continued to be carried
on slowly during the next eight years. It had not advanced far before
Admiral Delaval died, leaving the completion of the work to his nephew,
Francis Blake-Delaval. The latter viewed the increasing outlay with alarm.

' .Marquis of Waterford's MSS. '- Robinson, Delaval Papers, p. ii. ' Ibid. p. 121.

l8o EARSDON CHAPEI.RY.

'All the scheme I have about the house at present,' he told his father in
a letter dated June 6th, 1724, 'is to get it covered, for, as we go on, the
expense is by far too great, and will make me very inconvenient.' ' But
'the rising glory of the north'- gradually grew to completion, and in 1728
or 1729 Vanbrugh's original plan was accomplished. The total cost of its
erection can hardly have fallen short of ten thousand pounds.^

Seaton Delaval hall is subsequent in date to Vanbrugh's greater works
of Blenheim and Castle Howard and is much more picturesque, possessing
greater refinement in point of detail than appears in manv of the buildings
erected by the same architect. Its plan is based on the palladian style
introduced from Italy by Inigo Jones, and, as is the case with Stoke park.
Moor park and Latham hall, comprises a large central block with colon-
naded wings proceeding from the two outer angles and enclosing a fore-
court 152 feet 6 inches wide by 180 feet from north to south.

The central block is symmetrically planned and measures about seventy
feet square. Octagonal turrets are placed at each angle, and in the centre
of the east and west elevations are square towers containing the staircases.
These are oval on plan, and have stone steps and iron balustrades. The
north front is occupied by a great hall, measuring forty-four feet by twenty-
five feet, with a small parlour on either side"* and a short corridor to east and
west communicating with the staircases. The hall is a noble apartment, two
stories in height and paved with black and white marble. At the south end
is a hanging balcony or music gallery supported on consoles. The mantle
of the fireplace is supported on caryatides ; and in niches above and oppo-
site are statues of music, painting, sculpture, architecture, geography and
astronomy. A grand salon, seventy feet by twenty-four feet, occupies

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

" Horsley, Inedited Contributions to the History of Northumberland, ed. Hodgson-Hinde, p. 24.
Vanbrugh's design is engraved in I'itrtivius Britaiiiiicus, ed. 1725, vol. iii. plates 20 and 21.

'' The following half-yearly statements of accounts are taken from the Marquis of Waterford's MSS. :

April-Oct., 1720. April-Oct., 1721. April-Oct.. 1722. Oct., 1722-ApriI. 1723.
f s. d. £ s. d, /; s. d. £ s. d.

To pulling down Seaton old house 426 14 loj ... 5~44 12 4A ... 526 15 5^ ... 291 3 ^i
and building the new mansion
house

To working the quarry and lead- 19S 5 2 ... 203 3 lo ... 189 o li ... 159 6 9

ing stones
To planting expenses 27 15 oi ... 12 9 S ... 26 7 6J ... 50 7 6i

Total ^652 15 I ... /760 5 loA ... ^742 3 i| ■■■ .£500 17 7

These were named respectively the gilt, and the mahogany, parlour. The north-east room still
contains part of its original mahogany panelling.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. l8l

the whole of the south hunt. While intact, this room was enriched by eight
Corinthian columns and as many pilasters, and contained a ceiling and de-
corations executed by Vercelli. Its windows overlook the pleasure-grounds
and disclose a vista terminating in an obelisk one hundred yards distant.

In the centre of the south front a spacious flight of fifteen steps leads
up to a magnificent Ionic portico with fluted columns, finished above with'
a balustraded entablature. On the plane of the main building the eleva-
tion is taken up an additional storey, running the length of the block and
having pediments fronting north and south. The octagonal angle -turrets
flank the elevations, and between them and the portico are windows with
architraves and pediments of refined detail. The north front is much more
severe in its treatment, and owes its impressiveness to the lofty Doric
columns which stand on a cushioned stylobate and carry a richly em-
bellished entablature with triglyphs and variously carved metopes. The
tympanum of the north pediment is filled with trophies arranged about
the family arms in the centre (Delaval quartering Blake, impaling Apreece
quartering the two coats of Hussey). Between the octagonal turrets
and the central feature are windows with architraves and heavy keystones,
both surmounted by a parapet.

The wings, one hundred and eighty feet in length, which enclose
the fore-court on the east and west, are very eftectively designed, the lower
storey forming an arcade of nine arches on either side of a central gable.
The upper floor windows have rusticated jambs and heads formed of five
heavy keystones. Above is a solid parapet relieved by elegant vases. The
centre is pedimented, and has, on the upper floor, three windows over a
central opening, with niches for figures on either side. The western wing,
which is united to the main building by a low corridor, contains a large
vaulted kitchen, forty feet by twenty-seven feet, and two storeys in height,
and various other domestic offices. A lofty stable, measuring sixty-two
feet by forty-six feet, forms the principal apartment in the eastern wing,
its arches, stall divisions and hayracks being all of stone. This wing screens
a stable yard with its attendant coach houses and harness rooms.

A haha fence, measuring four hundred yards from east to west and
two hundred and forty yards from north to south, encloses the whole site.
Each angle is capped by a projecting circular platform on which are groups
of leaden statuary.

I 82 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

An additional wing, to the east of the main block, was erected by
Sir John Hussey-Delaval. ' This was three storeys in height, and about
one luindred feet in length. It contained, according to Hutchinson, who
carehilly describes the decorations and littings of the principal apartments,
'an antechamber, a spacious drawing room, and also a lesser drawing room
contiguous to an elegant eating room.'^'

The hall had an unfortunate history. A fire, which broke out on
May 6th, 1752, did considerable damage to the west vving.^ This was rebuilt
on the original plan, but a more disastrous conflagration occurred on January
3rd, 1822, resulting in the complete demolition of the eastern annexe and
the gutting of the main building. Although the wings continue habitable,
the central block has never been restored but stands a stately ruin, wreckage
of Vanbrugh's pile.

A mausoleum, erected by Sir John Hussey-Delaval in memorv of his
son, but never brought into use, stands to the east of the hall and encloses
vaults litted for the reception of coffins. It is approximately cross-shaped
in plan, the crossing being carried up and finished with a dome supported
by lofty stone arches and covered with lead. The north and south pro-
jections form transepts or aisles ; on the east is a semi-circular recess for
an altar, while a Doric portico with pediment screens the western end.

The Chantry of Our Lady.

A little south-west of Seaton Delaval hall and within the hall grounds
stands a little Norman chapel dating from the first half of the twelfth
century, and consisting of a nave, a choir and presbytery. The nave
measures about twenty-five feet in length by twenty in width ; it is of
lofty proportions and retains its original west door, over which is a semi-
circular sculptured tympanum enclosed by- an indented zigzag within a
simple label moulding. A small round-headed window is placed high in the
north wall. The nave is divided from the choir by a broad arch, and a
similar arch separates the choir from the presbytery. These arches may
possibly have carried a low tower, of which there is now no evidence. They
spring from semi-spherical shafts having a moulded base on a square plinth,

' This wing is correctly^ delineated l)y Mackenzie, Northumberland, vol. ii. p. 41S. The corresponding
western wing shown by Hutchinson, Sortliumbcrhmd, vol. ii. p. 331, was planned but never executed.

- Hutchinson, Northumberland, \ol. ii. pp. 331-332. '' Arch. Acl. 2nd series, vol. .w. pp. 139-140.

SEATON DELAVAI. TOWNSHIP.

183

and a large, plain, cushion capital with chamfered abacus. Each arch is of
two orders ; the inner order is moulded, while the outer is enriched with
zigzag and the label mould with the billet ornament, a star ornament being
carved between the billets on the western side of the arch. Choir and pres-
bytery are each eleven feet six inches from east to west and about sixteen

Seaton Delaval Chapel, Interior.

feet three inches in width. They have a semi-barrel-vaulted ceiling which
springs from a string course on a level with and of similar section to the
abacus of the arch responds. A small door, now built up and partially
destroyed, may be seen on the north side of the choir.

There is no evidence to show whether the presbytery was originally
square-ended or apsidal, its eastern termination having been rebuilt in the
fourteenth century. The modern east window of three lights is apparently

1 84

EARSnON CHAPELRY.

a copy of the original, the old tracery being inserted over the door of a
porch erected at the west end in 1895. In the south wall of the presbvtery
is a trefoiled opening containing the bowl of a piscina, and over it is a
credence shelf.

There are two effigies in the presbytery w^hich were moved to their
present position in 1892 from the west end of the nave. They are
chiselled out of close-grained sandstone blocks, and represent a knight and
lady. The equipment of the knight serves to date this effigv as belonging
to the third quarter of the thirteenth century. That of the lady is perhaps

Male Effigv in Seaton Delaval Chapel.

a little later in date. They may be taken to represent, either Sir Eustace
Delaval, who died in 1258, and his wife, Constance de Baliol, who
survived him ; or Sir Henry Delaval, who died in 1272, and his wife,
Mary de Biddleston.

The figure of the knight rests on a moulded slab, six feet two inches by
two feet two inches. Considerable skill is shown in the expression of the
face and the general pose of the figure. The knight wears a chain hauberk,
with the arms and gloves in one piece, finishing above the knee. The
hands are in an attitude of prayer, and the mail gloves which cover them
appear to be divided for the fingers and thumbs. The head reposes on a
plain square cushion ; it is enclosed in a hood of mail, nearly flat over the

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP.

■85

crown, slightly overlapping the shoulders, and girt by a band across the
forehead. The legs are crossed and are encased in mail hose, bound by a
garter below the knee, the knee pieces being of plain iron or cuir-bouilli.
The feet, which are mail-shod, rest on a mutilated beast with a knotted tail,
and carry spiked spurs, secured by straps buckled over the instep. The
body-armour is covered by a sleeveless surcoat, short in front and reaching
at the back below the knees, being partially slit up the middle, both before
and behind, and secured at the waist by a strap, buckled and pendent.
A broad sword-belt, enriched with roundels, falls to the sword on the left
of the figure. The sword, of which the blade has been broken off, is of
a simple cross-hilted type. Supported by a strap passing over the left
shoulder is a bowed triangular shield, without ensignment, reaching from
shoulder to knee.

Female Effigv in Seaton Delaval Chapel.

The female figure is habited in a tight-fitting kirtle or under garment,
having sleeves reaching to the knuckles, and falling in formal folds about
the feet. Worn over the kirtle is a bodice with a broad band of plaited
work running down the centre. The bodice terminates at the hips, which
are encircled by a girdle. Over all is a loose mantle falling in folds to the
feet. This is surmounted by a jewelled collar, fastened by a brooch at the
throat and having pendent cords. A kerchief covers both head and neck ;
the head rests on two cushions with tassels at the corners.

Eight cusped panels, dating from the close of the fourteenth century,
are inserted over the west door, but doubtless once formed part of an
altar tomb. The panels contain shields, on four of which are the arms of
Delaval {ermine, tivo bars vert, differenced with a iniillct on tlie upper

Vol. I.\. 24

i86

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

bar) ; two shields give the following arms ; gules, a lion rainpiDit ermine
crowned or, charged with a inolet ;^ and on the two remaining shields is
a ridged cross. Several funeral achievements, including hatchments,
standards, swords and gauntlets adorn the walls of the chapel.^

A charter dated 1174, whereby Bishop Pudsey confirmed to Tyne-
mouth priory the churches and chapels in the gift of that monastery,
contains the earliest mention of a chapel at Seaton Del aval, and by coupling
that chapel with the mother church of Tynemouth, indicates its dependence
upon the latter church.^ Although habituallv termed a chantry,^ it must
not be supposed to have existed solely for the offering of prayers for bene-
factors, or to have been a private chapel of the lords of Seaton Delaval.
Right of access was allowed to a considerable number of persons, and
possibly to all the inhabitants of the manor in which it was situated/ A

^f,.;^

Armorial Shields, Seaton Delaval Chapel.

letter addressed in the thirteenth or fourteenth century by the conservators
of the privileges of St. Alban's to the vicar and parishioners of Tynemouth
states that the brethren of the monastery of St. Alban's had granted per-

' The tinctures can no longer be made out, but they were noted in 1862 by Mr. Longstaffe in
Tonge's Visitation, Surt. Soc. No. 41, p. xxxv. Mr. Longstaffe blazons the lion as 'encircled with a bar
azure, on which is a mullet,' but probably the bar is simply a flattened surface left for the purpose of
carving the molet.

- For a description of the hatchments see Proc. Soc. Antiq. Nezccasth; 2nd series, vol. ix. p. 183.
A ' note of such things as were used at ye solemnities of Sir Raiphe Delavale his funerall ' on December
2 1st, 162S, includes a crest, helmet, mantle, wreath and tassells ; a targett and sword, a standard, a
pennon, and coat-armour. The chapel, as well as the great chamber, hail, and lodging of the deceased
were at that time hung with black.

' Ecclesia de Tynemutha cum capella de Setuna. St. Alban's Register, fol. 124b, printed in vol. viii.
of this work, p. 63 n.

' The chapel is styled the chantry of Seaton Delaval in 1410 {.\Iiscella}ieous Inquisitions, Chancen-,
file 288), the chantry of Seaton in 1 5 16 {Seaton Delaval Court Rolls), and the chantry of our Lady at
Seaton Delaval in 1520 {Waterford Charters, No. 21).

* In 1333 it is called the chapel of the vill of Seaton Delaval. Tynemouth Chnrtulary, fol. 160,
quoted above. Seaton Delaval was, however, included within the parochial chapelry of Earsdon ; see
above, p. 14.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. I 87

mission to certain persons to hear divine service in a chapel at North
Seaton. Other parishioners of Tynemouth, who had presumed upon this
licence, were thereby threatened with ecclesiastical penalties, and the chapel
was laid under interdict while they remained within it.'

The absence of any other early chapel in the neighbourhood accounts
for the extended use made of the chantry. It possessed a cemetery and
baptistry. The former was dedicated afresh by Eishop Pudsey (1174-1188),
security being given for the indemnity of the mother church." Proofs of age
attest the baptism of Robert Delaval in this chapel on June 22nd, 1263,^ and
of Henry Delaval on January 12th, 1343/4.* The patronage was vested
in the family of Delaval,' in accordance with an agreement made with
Tynemouth priory, whereby it was settled that the chaplain should be
presented in the first instance by the lord of Seaton to the prior and
convent, who, in their turn, should present the chosen candidate to the arch-
deacon for institution.'^ This procedure safeguarded alike the rights of
the founder and those of the impropriators of the mother church.

' De sancto Edniundo de Westmonasterio et de Ryddyng abbates, conservatores piivilegiorum
fratrum nionasterii sancti Albani a sede apostolica deputati, vcnerabilibus viris et discrelis magistris
Roberto Mautalent, Henrico Gategan, vicario de Tynem', et universis ejiisdem ecclesie parochianis,
salutem in Domino senipiternam. Cum dictis fratriljus a sede apostolica sit indultum ut nulli fas sit in
parochiis ecclesiaium siiaium oratorium vel cappellam sine eoium construere voluntate, sitque per
sunimuni pontificeni interdictnm ne in oiatoiiis vel cappellis ipsis invitis constructis divina officia,
quosque eis satisfactmii fuerit, celebraientur, quidani \estium, ut dicitur, verba salvare indulgencie hujus
molientes, ut circumveniant et destruant censuni ejus, in cappella quadam de North Seton in qua audire
divina certis personis ipsoium fratrum cum liberalitate permissum est, contra ipsorum fratrum volun-
tatem, in eorum non modicum prejudicium et gravamen, audire divina presumunt contra tenorem
privilegie memorate. Quocirca universitati vestre, domini pape c|ua fungimur auctoritate, sub pena
canonica firmiter precipiendo mandamus C[uatinus, hiis duntaxat personis exceptis quibus in dicto loco
est audire divina dictorum fratrum de liberalitate permissum, nullus omnino vestrum ipsis invitis pre-
sumat audire divina, scientes unumquemque vestrum qui in dicto loco contra banc prohibicionem
nostram divina audire in loco presunipserit prohibito suspencionis ab ingressu ecclesie sentencie sub-
jacere, cappellamque ipsam dum ibi fuerit esse suppositam interdicto. Quod si non omnes hiis
exequendis potueritis interesse vel nolueritis, duo vestrum ea nichilominus exequantur. Valete. Tyne-
mouth Chiirluliiry, {o\. Ii6.

- See vol. viii. of this work, p. 66 note. A family vault exists below the chapel, and contains several
coffins of members of the Uelaval family. A record of such inscriptions as could be deciphered in lS88
is printed in Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newcustk, 2nd series, vol. iii. p. 281, and vol. i.x. p. 182, note.

^ Calcndariiim Genmlogicum, vol. i. p. 352. ' Arch. Ad. ist series, vol iv. p. 326.

* In an indenture dated May iSth, 1520, John Delaval is styled patron of the chantry of our Lady
at Seaton Delaval. Watevford Charters, No. 21. See also the document quoted in the next note.

" Reverendis religiosis viris dominis priori et conventui de Tynemuth, eorum, si placet, Robertus
dominus villae de Seton de la Vale, salutem in Domino. AA capellam dicte ville vacantem et ad
presentacionem meam spectantem, dominum Ricardum de Burudon, capellanum, exhibitorem pre-
sentium, secundum vim, formam, et effectuni composicionis in ea parte habite, vobis presento, per
presentes supplicans attencius et devote ciualinus negocia ipsius domino archidiacono Northumbriae vel
ejus locum tenenti pro me nihilominus presentanda, prout ad vos pertinet, promovere dignemini
gratiose, jure matris ecclesie in omnibus semper salvo. In cujus, etc. Datum apud Seton de la \'ale,
xij Kal. Junii, -A.D. 1333. Tynemouth Cliartulary, fol. 160.

I 88 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Tlie chantry had a special endowment in hmd. Sir Henry Dehival,

who died in or about 1270, gave fifty acres of land in Seaton for the

maintenance of a chaplain.' On February 13th, 1407/8, William Whit-

chester the elder enfeoffed Thomas Persbrygg and his successors, chaplains

of the chantry of Seaton Delaval, with two messuages in Newbiggen-on-

the-Sea.'^ Certain lands in Biddleston, called the Priest's lands, also

belonged to the chantry.^ The chapel was dedicated to our Lady,^ the

original patron saint of the mother church of Tynemouth.

List of Chaplains of Seaton Delaval.

1313. Adam (Reg. Pal. Dun. Rolls series, vol. i. p. 424).

'333- Kichard de Burudon, presented May 21st, 1333 (Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 160).

1344. William Brown (Arch. Ad. ist series, vol. iv. p. 326).

1352. William de Whitby, presented May 5th, 1352 {Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 175 b).

140S. Thomas Persbrygg {Miseellaneous Inquisitions, Chancery, file 288) ; ordained deacon in 1376 and

priest in 1377 (Hatfield's Register, fol. in).

I 501. Gerard Story {Ecclesiastical Proceedings of Bishop Barnes, Surt. Soc. No. 22, p. xxi).

1516. Edward Story {Seaton Delaval Court Rolls) ; living May l8th, 1520 {Waterjord Charters, No. 21).

1562. Richard Anderson.^

1578. Leonard Hall, curate of Earsdon {Ecclesiastical Proceedings of Bishop Barnes, p. 44).

The chantry escaped the notice of the commissioners for the suppres-
sion of chantries in 1552, but in 1578 the curacy was allowed to fall
vacant,^ the incumbent of Earsdon ministering in the chapel when occa-
sion required.' The fabric was kept in good repair by the owners of

' Hundred Rolls, Record Com. vol. ii. p. 23. In 1497/S the jurors of the manor court of Seaton
Delaval announced that a head-rigg of Colleflat had been given to the blessed ^L■^ry for ever. The
following memorandum relating to the endowment of the chantry also occurs on the Seaton Delaval
court rolls: 'That at this court, March 3rd, 15 16, Edward Storre, chaplain of the chantry of Seaton,
and the tenants or farmers of Seaton Delaval, were agreed that the said chaplain and his successors
shall have for ever grassing and pasture for three plough-o.\en ; and, in return for this gift, the said
chaplain quit claims for himself all right to a certain letch, in the presence of Philip Dacres, then lord
of Seaton, of John Beadnell, seneschal of the court, and of many others.'

' Miscellaneous Inquisitions, Chancery, file 2S8.

' By indenture dated May i8th, 1520, Sir Edward Storour, chaplain of the chantry of our Lady at
Seaton Delaval, with the consent of John Delaval, esq., then patron of the said chantry, let to farm to
Percival Selby of Biddleston, gent., all the lands called the Priest's lands in Biddleston belonging to
the chantry, for fifteen years, at the annual rent of 5s. 4d., ' provided alweys the Whitsonday farme to be
paid at Walryck day, called the fayre of Alnewyk, and the Martilmes fanne in the fest of the Purificacion
of our Lady, etc., in the chapell of Seton Delavale.' Watcrford Charters, No. 21.

' In his will, dated December 31st, 1571, Sir John Delaval directed his body to be buried in 'the
chappell of our Ladie at Seaton Dallavell.' Durham Wills and Inventories, vol. i. (Surt. Soc. No. 2),
P- 375-

' 'Item I will that Sir Richerd .Anderson, clerk and chapplaine unto me, shal have meit and drink
with my Sonne John DalavcU, and also for his doing during his naturall lyft'the soume ofTfoure pounds,
sex shillings, eight penc ; and, yf he shal be by aidg or other wyse devexed or biynd, to have his meat
and drinke, and the said annuall stipend off iiij' vj' viij'' whills he lyveth.' Will of Sir John Delaval, knt.,
ibid. p. 205.

' Ecclesiastical Proceedings of Bishop Barnes, p. 72.

' Warburton, circa 1720, describes Seaton Delaval as 'a chapel of ease preached at every third
Sunday by ye parson of Earsdon.' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. l8g

Seaton Delaval. Thomas Delaval has recorded that his father, Sir Ralph
Delaval, knight, ' repayred the chappell, built new the west end of it,
slated it, put up the steeple new, glased it, plaistered it all over without
and within, new hewed the pillars and arches, and new stalled and seated
it all, and hung up two bells in it.' '

The graveyard attached to the chapel continued to be used by others
than the owners of the estate, as is shown by the following entries in the
Earsdon register :^

172 1/2, Feb. 4. Mr. William Wrey, schoolmaster of Seaton Sluice, buried Seaton Delaval chapel-yard.

1722, April 7. Mr. William Silvertop of South Blyth, buried Seaton Delaval.

1722, April 23. Mr. Charles Henderson, custom house officer at Hartley, buried Seaton Delaval.

1724, April 7. Mr. William Greene of Hartley, officer of the custom house, buried Seaton Delaval.

Archdeacon Thomas Sharpe, in a visitation made in 1723, noted the
ambiguous position occupied by the chapel.

Here is also a chapel, and a very ancient one. But I do not find that the sacraments have been
administered in it in the memory of man,^ tho' there is an old communion table in it. The curate of
Earsden attends it whenever the Delaval family desires his assistance. It not plainly appearing whether
it was within the archdeacon's jurisdiction or no, tho' I confess I take it to be so, I did not venture to give
any directions concerning it.

In 1 89 1 Delaval parish was formed out of the townships of Seaton
Delaval and Hartley. The living, which is in the gift of Lord Hastmgs,
has been held since 1891 by the Rev. G. W. Jackson, M.A., who also
serves chapels of ease at Seaton Delaval colliery, New Hartley, and
Seaton Sluice. The burial ground attached to the church of our Lady
was presented to the parish in 1895 by the twentieth Lord Hastings and
occupies the site of the old chapel garth.

The Presbytery of Northumberland determined, in 1844, to settle a
regular minister at Seaton Delaval, and a Presbyterian chapel was built
there in the following year.'' The following is a list of its ministers :
John McMurray, 1845- 1847 ; Robert Henderson, 1848-1857 ; John Brown,
1857-1900; John B. Cantley, M.A., 1901.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

- The chapel-yard was apparently closed or disused in 1743 ; see Robinson, Delaval Papers, p. 126.

' On December 5th, 1658, 'was the tirst communion given at Seaton by Mr. Henderson. Communi-
cants, Mr. Ralph Delavall ; my Lady .Ann Delavall ; Mrs. Henderson ; Mr. Dixon, minister ; Mr.
Turner, register, and his wife ; Robert Barker, Thomas Chicken and his wife, Thomas Barrow, John
Ladley, Mathew Ladley, and Elizabeth Ladley.' Earsdon Register.

' A Presbyterian congregation had previously existed at Hartley, to which the Rev. John Blythe,
also minister at Blyth, mmistered from about 1790 until 1803. His successors, the Rev. Newton Blythe,
the Rev. William Robertson and his assistant the Rev. Alexander Heron, continued to hold services
there with regularity until the foundation of a ministry at Seaton Delaval.

I go EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Seaton Delaval Manor.

Scrub, moor, bog and sandy waste formed, doubtless, in the twelfth
century, no small portion of the township of Seaton Delaval. A small
colony of freemen may once have inhabited the vill ; about the year
1240 two tenants in socage still had petty holdings within the township;'
but the tendency was to depress the small freeholder, and the subsidy roll
for 1296 suggests that the tenants were poor people, probably possessed
of customary holdings.

Seton de la Vale

Subsidy Roll

, 1296.-

Summa bonorum domini Robert! de la Va

e ... 15

unde regi

„ Walteri de Whytrig

1 1

„ Willelnii Lounes

„ Agnetis vidua

„ Alicie uxoris Rogeri filii

Johannis i

„ Rogeri de Whytrig ...

„ Radulphi filii Roberti

„ Johannis Baret

■9

„ Gilberti Lounes

„ . Radulphi Batayl

„ Simonis de Haliwell

1 1

„ Roberti de Langhirst

„ Johannis prepositi ...

I>i

„ Willelnii filii Edmundi

„ Radulphi Hoggard ...

„ Johannis filii Rogeri

„ Walteri filii Radulphi

Summa hujus ville, ^31 i8s. yd. ; unde domino regi, £2 iSs. o|d.

By an inquisition taken on November 8th, 1297, it was found that
there were twenty-four bondage holdings in the manor of Seaton Delaval,
paying yearly ^^29 2s. in money rent and the value of ^.3 7s. in labour ;
twenty-two cottages held by labour-service only, valued at £1 14s. per
annum, and eight cottages giving a rent of ^3 7s. 2d. The manor-
house was estimated to be worth five shillings a year. There were
three hundred acres of arable demesne and forty-five acres of meadow,
worth respectively sixpence and a shilling per acre. The yearly profits
of a brew-house were estimated at i6s., while a water-mill and two
windmills brought in ;;^ 8 i8s 8d.^ An e.xtent taken on November 4th,
131 1, gives further details, showing that 814 acres, or less than one-third
of the present area of the township, were at that time under the plough.

' Richard de Dalton held twenty-four acres, and Richard le Blunt held twelve ; both paid two
shillings rent. Testa de Nevill, Record Com. p. 387.

- Lay Subsidy Roll, J-p. 3 /„iy. ^_,„. 35 Edw. I. No. 47.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP.

Survey of Seton de la Vale, 131 i.'

A manor-house and herbage of the close

A dove-cote

190 acres of arable at 5id. an acre ...

20 acres of meadow at 2s. an acre ...

A pasture held in severalty ...

24 bonds, each holding a messuage and 24 acres of arable, each

viz. : Is. lid. an acre
2 bonds, each holding a messuage and 24 acres of arable at the lord's

viz. : lod. an acre ...
A brew-house ...
A water-mill and two windmills

paying ^i 7s. loW.,
will, each paying £1,

191

C s. d.
040
020

4 7 '
200
I 10 o

33 9 o

200
o 13 o
10 o o

^54 5 I

Nearly all the names entered on the subsidy roll of 1296 reappear, in
the same order, on that of 1312.

Seton de la Vale Subsidy Roll,

Summa bonorum domini Roberti de la Vale
Roberti de Langhirste
Walteri de Vytrigg ...
Willelmi Lounes
Agnetis vidue
Rogeri filii Johannis
Roger! de Vytrigg ...
Radulphi filii Roberti
Johannis Baret
Gilberti Lounes
Radulphi Pagild
Roberti fabri
Ade filii Roberti
Simonis de Haliwell
Roberti Carter
Johannis prepositi ...
Willelmi filii Edmundi
Radulphi filii Edmundi
Johannis filii Rogeri
Walteri filii Radulphi
Summa summarum particularum, ^53 2s. Sd.

.OLL,

312.-

(. s.

20 0

0 unde

regi 40

' '5

0 ,,

' 3

■7

'»

I 7

6 !!

■ 13

0 „

2 14

0 „

2 6

0 „

I 15

I iS

I 17

' 9

iiA

0 18

loi

I I

4 „

I 6

0 12

1 15

0 „

2 0

10 „

3 3

I 15

2 10

0 „

; unde

regi, ^5

6s. 3id.

By 1336 these names had been replaced by others indicative, for the
most part, of ministerial status, namely, Robert de la Vall, 20s. ; Robertus
prepositus, 4s.; Johannes Hoggard, 2s. ; Johannes faber, is.; Ricardus
serjaunt, 3s. 4d. ; Robertas carpentarius, 35.'^ Another detailed survey,

' Inq. p.m. 5 Edw. II. No. 70.
' Lay Subsidy Roll, ip.

•-' Lay Subsidy Roll, i§a.

192

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

<1.

nil

taken on September 30th, 1353, shows an increase of demesne ; the
number of bondage-holdings remains constant, but the sites of twenty waste
cottages mark the recent presence of the Black Death.

Survey of Seton ue la Vale, 1353.'

A manor-house and garden of which the herbage is worth

A dove-cote

360 acres of arable demesne at 3d. an acre ...

30 acres of meadow at 2s. an acre

200 acres of moor and sandy pasture held in severalty, at 2d. an acre ...

26 husbandlands, each containing 24 acres of arable, at 8d. an acre

A cottage with 6 acres of arable adjacent

Another cottage with 6 acres of arable adjacent

8 cottages at IS. 6d. each

20 ruined cottages, each worth 4d. in herbage

A windmill

A waste and demolished water-mill ...

A plantation containing 10 acres at 2d. an acre

Total ^34 8 4"

A final survey, taken on April 20th, 15 19, wherein are enumerated
eighty acres of arable and fourteen acres of meadow demesne, worth
eightpence an acre, twelve tenements each worth ^1 3s. 4d., and five
cottages each worth fourpence,' brings the history of the township down
to a period at which it is taken up by court rolls. These cover the
greater part of the sixteenth century, the series being practically complete
for the reigns of Henry VIII. and Elizabeth.^ They merit a detailed
investigation, not as presenting peculiarities of manorial organization, but
because they serve the more valuable office of portraying village life in
a county singularly destitute of this class of records.

Two large commons, namely, those of Whitridge and of Seaton, lay
within the manor.* Seaton common lay on the borders of Holywell, and

' luq. p.m. 27 Edw. III. No. 67.

'" A later survey, taken on August 20th, 1432, relates only to one-third of the manor, then held in
dower, and it is doubtful whether a multiplication of the items contained in it would give a precise rental
of the whole township. It mentions a chamber, the third part of a hall, the third part of a kitchen, and
the third part of a ruinous grange, all part of the manor-house, unlet for want of tenants ; twenty-four
acres of arable demesne at 6d. an acre ; five acres of meadow at is. 8d. an acre; three messuages and
three husbandlands worth los. each ; two tofts and two husbandlands worth 6s. 8d. each ; two built cot-
tages let together for 4s. ; and two waste cottages let together for 2s. 6d. Inq. p.m. 10 Hen. VI. No. 44.

^ Inq. p.m. second series, vol. xxxiv. No. 48.

'The court rolls for Seaton Delaval tfinp. Henry VIII. are in the possession of the marquis of
Waterford ; those for the reign of Elizabeth are among the Delaval MSS. in the possession of the New-
castle Society of Antiquaries.

' For their limits see above, p. 134.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 93

the tenants of that township had rights of intercommoning.' A wood
extending along the northern slopes of Holywell dene was held by the
lord of the manor in severalty, and no tenant was permitted to cut down
timber or take estovers from the wood without his lord's licence and
order.'^ To the lord also belonged some forty acres named the South
moor. Here the tenants appear to have had a right of pasturing their
cattle,' but the soil belonged to the lord, and a prohibition was conse-
quently made against cutting the heather that grew thereon.'' The lord
also held, of his own private right, the links along the coast. The
coarse sea-bents and the rabbits that made their warren there' had alike
their uses. Bents were the lord's monopoly ; they might not be cut
without his licence;'^ fetching them at the commandment of the lord's
officers was a duty incumbent upon all tenants; a by-law passed in 1584
provides 'that the tenants of Seaton Delavale shall devide themselves into
two parts, whereof vj tenants to fetch bents one weecke, th' other vj
tenants another weecke, and the cotingers the third weeke, upon payne
of iij^ iiij''.' ' William Turner of Morpeth, master of Pembroke college,
Cambridge, writing in 1568 of the 'sea-bente or sea-rishe whereof the frayles

' See above, p. 92.

■ Pena posita est quod nuUus capiet de silvis domini sine deliberacione et mandate dicti domini, sub
pena xij''. Seaton Delaval Court Rolls, 1526.

' Inq. p.m. second series, vol. .\x.\iv. No. 48.

* Seaton Delaval Court Rolls, 1527. A more general prohibition, made in 1526, provides that no one
shall cut whins before they are of the height of two feet. In his estate book for 16 13 Sir Ralph Delaval
notes : ' My ewes generally depastured all over Seaton Moore ; my kyne lave nightlye in the South
Moore ; my oxen laye nightlye in the Swalloden Pasture.' Marquis of Waterford's MSS'.

* By an indenture made June 2nd, 1599, Robert Delaval leased to Christopher Richardson of Barnes
in the county of Durham his cony-warren called the Links, 'frome the southe syde of the becke called
Newsome borne untill a certeyn howse or lodge now buylded at the southe end of the said lynkes com-
monly called the warrenner's howse ; together with the said howse and the depastureinge or grasse for
fowre kye with there followers or calves untill they be a yere olde ; and one nagge to depasture goe and
feed wynter and somber in and upon the said lynkes, the southe moare, and the bankes adjoyneinge to
the same howse, and one othyr nagge to be contynuallye kept within the said house or teddred and
bounde nighe and aboule the same ; and also the libertie of kepinge fedinge and killinge of conyes of
and within the said ground called the lynkes, and the libertye to fetche home or kyll the counyes strainge
in the Salter closse within the territories of Hartlowe or any other grounds belonginge to the demesne
of Seton Delavale aforesaid.' The premises were leased for three years, in return for a payment of 300
conies for the first year and of 480 conies for each following year. Mr. Delaval undertook to give
Richardson a livery coat at such time as he should give liveries to all other his servants, and also yearly
to set forth to him so much meadow as would produce a fother or wain-load of hay for the feeding of
his nag. Richardson was to be ready at convenient times with himself and a serviceable nag to attend
Mr. Delaval when he should be thereunto warned. He covenanted to leave the house in good repair at
the end of the term, to leave on the links 400 couple of living conies, and to leave to Mr. Delaval seven
falls or traps then being in the said warren, well made, planted and set in the premises, and one
'couny-haye' or net, as they should be at his entry to the same. Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

' In 1586 the wives of four of the tenants of Hartley were presented for cutting bents and carrying
them off to Newcastle, without the lord's licence shown therein. Seaton Delaval Court Rolls.

' IbUt.
Vql. L\, ' 25

194 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

are made that figges and rasines are caried hether in out of Spayne,' adds,
' The same bent or sea-rishe have I sene in Northumberland besyde Ceton
Dalavale, and ther thev make hattes of it.' '

The lord's sporting rights were by no means limited to his rabbit-
warren. Under a charter granted by Henry II. he was entitled to beasts
of the chase throughout the township;^ and these privileges find further
expression in an order made in the manor-court in 1592 'that non of th'
inhabitants in Hallowell nor elsewhere within this lordship shall hunt in
the lord's demayne or bringe any greyhound within the same without
license, suh pena Vf viij''.' The court rolls furnish little evidence of
poaching, for which there may have been no great temptation. Regula-
tions respecting fisheries have already been set out in the account of
Hartley township.

Besides the larger commons above enumerated there were small pieces
of waste and rough grass land scattered throughout the township. Such
were the balks that divided rig from rig in the common fields. Here and
on so much of the arable land as each year lay fallow, in the stubble of
the corn-fields after harvest, and in the fog left on the meadows when the
hay was mown, tenants and cottagers found pasturage for their horned cattle,
horses, pigs and geese. A few enclosed pieces of pasture were reserved
for draught-oxen and for fattening kine. The order of pasturage and the
number of stints allowed to each inhabitant were rigorously defined by by-
laws made in the court or fixed by common agreement, and offenders were
presented by the jury at the next court following. A cowherd, shepherd
and swineherd, common servants of the community, controlled the pasturing
of its flocks and herds in the daytime and brought them back nightly to the
town gate. There was a common bull,' and a pindar had the charge of a
common park or pound, for the maintenance of which the husbandry tenants
were wholly responsible.'' Ordinances not only fixed the proportion of stock
that villagers might keep upon a given area, but prescribed the nature and
amount of live stock which each might have in his possession. It was laid
down in 1494 that no tenant might keep on his land above two horses or

' Turner, Herbal, part ii. p. 144. - Placita de quo warranto. Record Com. p. 589.

' Juratores dicunt super eoruni sacramentum quod tenentes de Seton Delavale non habuerunt com-
munem taurum, ideo in misericordia vj' viij". Scaton Dclaval Court Rolls, 1591.

' The tenants of Seaton Delaval shall repaire and uphold the pynfold whollie amongst them without
any helpe of the cotingers there, pena cujuslibet tenentis xij''. Ibid. 15S1.

SEATON DELAY AL TOWNSHIP. I 95

mares, and that no cottager should keep more than one cow.' The follow-
ing orders, extracted from the court rolls, serve to further illustrate the
customs prevailing in respect to pasturage.

1 5 19. Pena posita est quod nullus custodiet equos infra gramen vel praliim (|UOUsque gramen sit
niessuin, sub pena de iiij'' tociens quocicns ; item quod nullus custodiet aucas infra villani nisi juxta
festum [nativitatis] beate Marie in festum sancti Hillarii, sub pena de xij''.

1536. Ordinatum est quod omnes porci rengantur per Johannem Fraunche et Joliannem Robynson,
inde provisores, inter festum sancti Micliaelis et festum sancte Helene ; ad quod quidem festum quilibet
habitator de Seton dabit prefato Johanni Fraunche et Johanni Robynson unum denarium.

1559. It ys orderid that every man shall savely kepe their cattail frome the herd bryng them in to
the towne-end at nyght, opon payne of xij''.

1 561. It is ordenyd that no tenante nor inhabitor shall kepe herafter eny horse or mares in tethers in
eny ground appertenyng to the towne or their tenements, but only opon their faughe rygs, opon peyne of xij''.

1572. It is ordered that no tenand of Seton Delavall shall not put awaye no cattell in sonier away
from the hyrd upon payne of iij' iiij'' ; that none of the tenandes of Seton Delavall shall not put ther
nages to no other place but to the comon hyrd, upon payne of ij'' ; that no tenand shall not kepe no
cattell in severall yardes without licence of all nighbours, upon payne of xij''.

1581. Memorandum that yt is ordered that none of the cotingers of Seaton Delaval shall kepe any
moe cattail then one cowe for every cotager, sub pena vj' viij'', and no swyne or shepe without lycenz,
sub pena u'f iiij''. Item that non of the said cotingers shall put there cattail into any hayned feild
belonging the tenants of Seaton Delaval, which is kept and hayned for the releef of there oxen, untill
there oxen have depastured and eaten the same the space of a moneth, pe}ia xij''.

1 591. Pena posita that none of the hindes, hirdes or cotagers of Hartley, Seaton Delavale and
Dissington shall kepe there pigges any longer then untill they be twenetie daies olde, but presentlie at
that aige shall put them awaie, sub pena v'f \\\f for every pigge.

1593. Payne laid that all th' inhabitants within the lordship haveng swyne shall daile put them to
the swyne-hird every morning to be caried to the feild, and also shall loke for them and receyve them at
night, and kepe them close in there howses all the night-tyme, and not to suffer them go abrod. And yf
any swyne be found in the night-season trespassing in corne or medowe, the owner thereof shall paye as
well for the trespasse as the night-laire.

In the meadow closes and the open arable fields, where each tenant
had his allotment of selions or rigs, custom, under the name of 'neighbour-
hood,' reigned supreme. ' Neighbourhood ' was enforced by grassmen in
the meadow and by the pounder in the common fields, and breaches of it
were dealt with by the jury in the manor-court. As custom grew ever more
closely defined, identical offences might be entered on the court rolls on
one occasion as contra vicinitatem^ on another as contra penaiii. But
custom, although defined by by-laws, did not depend on them for its
validity. The punishment of an offence often preceded its formal pro-
hibition. ' Neighbourhood,' as the sum of the elemental conditions of
champion farming, required no specific enactment to become authoritative."

' Compare an order made in 1560: 'Ordinatum est quod nulli tencntes de Seaton Dalyvall et
Halywell custodierunt abinde [plus cjuam] un.ani steage et duas aucas, sub pena vi' viij''.'

- The ideas of customary usage, mutual agreement, and formal sanction are brought together in a
by-law made in 1526: Pena posita est quod nullus teder' equos suos in communi via nee in aliquo alio
loco nisi in loco consueto aut ubi limitatum fuit per omnes vicinos, sub pena iiij"* ; ibid.

196 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

The same rotation of crops and seasons of husbandry were incumbent
upon all tenants. ' Everye man shall sawe his sed quen as nyghtbors
sawe.' ' Each had to bear his share in repairing fences and gates, in
making dikes and scouring water-courses. Encroachments and the waying
of rigs were equally offences against neighbourhood. In 1564 ' yt ys
ordenyd by the whole consent of the jury' (the phrase is noticeable) 'that
no inhabitor shall at no tvme herafter make wevs with waynes or otherways
throwghout or over mens' rygs sowne with corne, opon peyne of every
defalt xij'", over and besides agreyng with the partie offendyd.'

Select Presentments made at the Manor Court.

1578. Presentatur per balivum pacis quod Robertus Hill sepius ac diversis temporibus ligavit
equum fratris sui Johannis in campo seperali, anglice lez several!, contra vicinitatem. Item presentatur
quod Robertus Fife at Richardus Myll non observarunt vicinitatem in veniendo ad edificandam fabricam
fabri ferrarii ; ideo uterque eorum ut paret super capita, viij''. Presentatur per Malheum Ladley de
Hallywell, querentem, quod Johannes Reede de eadem succindebat fenum crescens de in et super unum
lez balke pertinentem sibi, ac quod asportavit dictum fenum convertendum ad proprium usum contra
vicinitatem.

1579. Presentatur quod Edwardus Fiflfe non fecit vicinitatem in cominge with his neighbors to the
churchyard dicke. Edwardus Fifife pro consimili, for haveng mo mowers then his neighbors. Dictus
FifiTe pro consimili, for putting iiij kyne more on the sluble then his neighbors agreed of. Thomas
Swane pro consimili, for not sending to dame water in Liesden and the Broks for there cattail. Gawinus
Skipsie, for not coming with neighbors to request the mucke of Whitriche. Dictus Skipsie, for putting
forth his oxen before daie, before the corne was inned. Item Matheus Cometh for putting a stirke in
the Towe, contra vicinilatem. Item .Arthurus Tailor, pro succisione fundi cum aratro plenius quam
debuit, ideo ut paret super caput.

A set of enactments made in 1583 shows what care was taken for the
maintenance of dikes and gates within the township.

Item that the tenants of Seaton Uelaval shall make there dick about corne and medoue able and
sufficient by the seight of the baliff and sworne men ; and so often as the said balife and sworn men
shall thinke the said dick not able, that the partie owner of that parte of the dicke shall make yt able
and sufficient at there discretion within twoo dales next after he shall have knowledge thereof by the
baliff or one of the sworne men ; pena xij''. That every tenant within Seaton Delaval shall make up
there gapes about the corne and medoue within xxiiij howres after warning be geven to them by the
balife or one of the sworne men, siih pena vj''. That viij tenants within the towneshipp of Seaton Delaval
shall uphold and maynteyne the gatt at Thomas Walton howse-end called the Lid-gate, and iiij tenants
to uphold the neue gatte at the Cotflat, and so to contynue yerelie, sub pena \\'f. That all the tenants in
Seaton Delaval shall uphold th'other two gattes, viz. : the gate at Robert Swane his howse-end and the
water-gaite to the Lombert well, sub pena xij"". The sworn men to veue all the dickes about the towne
and feilds of Seaton Delaval wecklie upon Sundaie, sub pena ^\f.-

' Seaton Delaval Court Rolls, 1543. In 1512 John Fraunch was presented for ploughing after his
neighbours had sown their seed ; ibid.

- An order made in i 537 furnishes interesting evidence as to the character of these dikes : ' M. that
every man make his dik ly as hegh as yat may reche to of heght with a spaide, onder the pane of iij"*.'

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 97

One class of entries is conspicuously absent from the court rolls of
Seaton Delaval, full as they are of every other detail. Not a word is said
of admissions or surrenders, of leases for term of life or otherwise, or of
fines payable upon entry to a holding. It must not be supposed that
a tenant could freely dispose of his farm without submitting to the juris-
diction of the manor-court. The explanation lies rather in the opposite
direction ; tenants held their lands in fact as well as in theory at the will
of the lord, a circumstance which accounts for the ease with which they
were subsequently evicted. In the course of three centuries their position
had not materially altered. They were still prohibited from selling live
stock without the licence of the lord of the manor or without offering him
the pre-emption' — the old sure mark of villeinage. Tenants in husbandry
appear, in this manor, to have been e.xempt from week-work from the first,
that form of labour-service being incumbent only upon cottagers.' They
may have commuted the prccan'a or shere-days which the cottagers were
still obliged to attend," but they remained liable to carting-services and
had to perform certain special works, such as the spinning of the lord's fla.x
or lint.^ In 1577 ' yt ys comanded that every tennant do cary bentes at the
comandment of William Hill or any other that commethe in my master's
name, sub pena ij'' pro qualibet culpa ; also that every tennant within the
towne of Seton at ther goyng to the towne of Newcastell do know the lord's
pleasure or his offecer in house, sub pena iiij'' pro qualibet culpa ; item that
every cotenger do come to the lord's worcke at the commandment of any
that the lord or his offecer shall send, sub pena ij'' pro qualibet culpa.' ^

' 'Yt ys oidenyd that no man shall sell eny kynde of cattell but onely such as they shall first present
and make offer to iheir master of, opon peyne of vj' viij''.' Ibtd. 1561. An analogous order was made in
1601 : 'Ordinalum est that none buye any thinge apperteyninge to shippe crayer or boote broken upon
the seas and brought to be sold within ihe libertie of this courte without knowledge of the lord of this
manor and offer first maid unto hyme, sub pena xx\'

- As early as 1297 the average rent of a bondage holding in Seaton Delaval was 24s. 4d. in money
and only 2s. gid. in works ; on the other hand the majority of the cottagers held by labour-service only.
See above, p. I go.

''Robertus Graie pro not helping in with corne, xij''. Item Cuthbertus Daglish pro defectu
precariae, anglice a shere-daie worke, iiij''.' Ibid. 15SS. Tenants were presented at the same court 'for
not coming to the lorde's work for the bering of stackis ' and cottagers ' for not going shear-da-ward.'
In I5g5 'presentatur a_uod omnes cotagii de Hartlowenon dedeiunt lez bounde daye-works ; ideo quilibet
eorum in misericordia, iiij''.'

' 'Payne laid that none within this lordship shall refusse to spyne the flaxe or lynt belonging to the
said lord for there payment ; pena ij' iiij''.' Ibid. 1587.

* An agreement for the lease of a tenement in Seaton Delaval or Hartley, dated May 22nd, 1613,
specifies the services required from the tenant, and runs as follows : It ys couvenaimtid that Thomas
Hall shall have a horse going with his worship's hoises, a kow-gayt among his worship's kye, allowance
of a fother of hay, a boshell of corne over and besyde his sharpninge corne, and a lone of hands to shele

1 98 ' EARSDON CHAPELRY.

It must not be supposed that the cultivation of the demesne depended
entirely upon tenants and cottagers. Additional labour was provided by
a class of hired servants or hinds, who formed a contractual element
in the manorial economy. Sir Ralph Delaval's servants at Seaton Delaval
in 1628 included a steward, an overseer of the stock, three hinds, a shepherd,
a cowherd, a gardener, a blacksmith, a pounder, a wood-wright, two barn-
men, a collier, herds at Dunkin's-close, Whitridge and Lysdon, and seven
grass-cutters, all of whom were allowed stints upon the lord's demesne.'
Among these servants the smith deserves a passing mention. He held a
tenement with land and meadow adjacent thereto, known as the Smiddyland.'
In his origin he was a communal officer, and his smithy had therefore to be
kept in repair by the tenants acting in common.'

In the village-community the miller naturally held an important place.
His mill might claim antiquity, figuring, as it does, in the final concord
made before Bishop Pudsey's justiciar in 1190. Two windmills, besides
the water-mill, were grinding corn within the manor in 1297 and again in
131 1 ; and although in 1353 one of the windmills had gone, and the water-
mill was waste and derelict, two water-mills were busy in the year 1519.^
One of them stood at the junction of Seaton Delaval and Holywell
townships, close to the point where the railway now crosses Holywell dene.*

his owne. And lie, the sayd Thomas Hall, ys to do as he was wont to do in all respects, viz.: to finde
one in haye-tynie to rake haye and to fetch benttes and to cary in stackes when he ys called. His
sharping corne to be iij stookes ottes and iij slookes of wheat at Seaton, and iij stookes of wheate and iij
stookes of pease at Hartelye, and no other graynes at all. Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

The term sharpmg-corn is explained by another lease in the same depository, dated 1700, whereby
Sir Francis Blake of Ford leased to Edward Tod a smith's shop in Cornhill 'together with all and
singular the corn commonly called the laying corne and sharping corne, and all other stookes of corne
formerly in and accustomed to be paid to the smith for laying and sharpning of irons and other imple-
ments of husbandry for the farms in the east field, south field, and low field of Cornehill aforesaid.' Ihid.

' Thoirias Delaval's book. The court rolls for 1587 contain a ' payne laid that yf any hinde, hirde or
other servant of the loid of this manor, haveing grassinge of cattail within his demeane, to paie for
over-stynte as well of yonge cattail as old, vj" viij'', and to remove the said over-stint presentlie upon
chalenge : and for lacke of stynt of nowte not to kepe shepe, and for lacke of shepe not to kepe anye
nowte, upon the same paine.'

- hit], p.m. second series, vol. .\x.\iv. No. 48.

' The said tennants of Seaton Delaval shall repaire and amend the smyth-howse and shope before
Martynmas next, and that the smyth shall uphold and maynteyn the same in sufficient reparacion in all
places, except the grete tymbre, vvhereunto the lord doth promysse to geve a syle for this tyme. Seaton
Delaval Court Rolls, 1581.

' Iiiq. p.m. second series, vol. xxxiv. No. 48.

■^ The mill is located by a presentment made at the manor court in 1601 : 'Item presentant quod
tenentes de Hallowell debent facere et manutenere fossatum apud Black-hill inter terras de Hartlawe et
Hallowell jacens, etc. Item presentant et dicunt quod they finde by twoo sufficient witnesses that the
waie to the water-mylne of Seton Delavale dothe lye upon the west side of the foresaid dicke, and
ihroughe the groundes of Hallowell to the Black-hill, and so to the said water-niylne.' See also above,
p. 96, note 2.

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 1 99

Sir Ralph Delaval, according to his son's testimony, ' new built both Seaton
windmill and water-milne.' ' The new water-mill probably stood lower
down the dene, near Golden's Hole, and the windmill on the bank above
it known as Silver Hill ; but, in the eighteenth century, these were in their
turn superseded by the existing mill." An entry made on the court roll
for 1564 briefly summarises the mutual obligations of miller and tenant :
' Yt ys concordid and agreed between the tenants within the jurisdiction of
this court and the mylner that the seid inhabitants of Seaton and Halywell
shall grynd at the lord's mylnes all such corne as they shall growe and
occupie within the seid townes, under peyne of every tenant so offendyng
vj' viij** ; and that the mvlner shall yelde to them in flower for every
straked measuer up-heaped and meate ; and if he, oppon dewe prove, refuse
it or recompence not accordyngly, then he to incurre the lyek peyne.'
The corn, after being ground into flour at the lord's mill, was taken to the
common bake-house, where the lord's officer took dues.

Right to hold assize of ale was accorded to Robert Delaval, in
the Quo Warranto proceedings of 1293, as his by immemorial custom.'
Ale-tasters were appointed and brewers were licensed at each successive
court.'' In 1583 'it is ordered and sett downe that no brewer within Hartley
and Seaton Delaval shall sell any drynk with any other measure then ys
marked by the ayle cunners for the tyme being, sub pena to paie presentlie
when any such fait shal be, for every tyme xij''.' Brewing with other
malt than that bought from the lord of the manor, tippling drink bought
in another township, and refusal to supply customers were equally off'ences
against the assize.

As in the case of urban guilds, so here, in a purely agrarian settlement,
community of interest led to social union and fellowship.

' Thomas Delaval's book. On M.ay 3rd, 1628, Sir Ralph Delaval granted a lease of his windmill
and water-mill in Seaton Delaval, the messuage in Hartley belonging to the said mills, the parcel of
the rough close in Seaton Delaval adjoining to the windmill and called the Miller's close, and common
of pasture for a horse, four kine, and two calves depasturing on Seaton Delaval South Moor. Marquis
of Waterford's MSS.

■-'To be let, a water- and wind-mill at Golden's Hole in Holywell dene.' Newcastle Journal,
November 17th, 1744 ; ex inf. Mr. W. W. Tomlinson.

^ Placita de Quo Warranto, Record Com. p. 589.

* Brew-farm, or duty paid for licence to brew, was raised in 15S3 from 2s. 6d. to 3s. 4d.
'Memorandum that yt ys ordered and set downe by the right worshipful! .Mr. Roberle Delavale esquire,
dominus hujus manerii, that every ayle-brewer or beare-breuer within this lordship of Seaton Delavale
and Hartley and Hallywell shall paie yerelie to hyme and his heires for brewe-ferme and licenze to brewe,
iij" iiij'', and this to begyne at the next court.' Seaton Delaval Court Rolls.

200 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

1587. Payne that everye temnte within thii lordship shall send able and sufficient servants, so often
as they shall be warned, for the caringeof crepells and impotent persones, uppon payne iiij'' for every defalt.

1592. Ordinatum est that every of th' inhabitants within Seton Delavale and Hartlowe shall either
send or goe to the churche with every corse or dead persona upon warninge, sub pena xij''. Ordinatum est
that every niann's wife within this lordship shall, within half ane howre after warning, presentlie repaire
and go to every woman laboring of child, if they be thereto called and invited, sub pcna xij''.

There were certain political duties of which the manor court had
cognizance, notably the maintenance of watch and ward. Watch was kept
nightly by the inhabitants of Seaton Delaval, in conjunction with those of
Newsham and Holywell, at a place called the prior's banks.' In 1593 a
pain was laid ' that everye tenant and cotinger shall send ane able man to
the vvatche, sub pcna x% and that the watche shall begyne at eight of the
clocke and contynue untill the first cocke ; and if the watcher shall be
found defecte by the searcher, then to pay x' for every tyme that they
shall make defalt.' The duty of providing a serviceable horse and arms
in the king's service was enforced upon tenants under pain of forfeiture.^

In addition to the police regulations enforced by the bailiff and his
four constables, the manor court had a limited civil jurisdiction, taking
cognizance of actions for slander,^ detention of goods and debts under the
value of forty shillings. Little, if any, business can have remained for
the countv court to transact.

Before leaving the subject of by-laws, it may pertinently be asked
whence this multifarious collection of regulations derived its authority,
whether from the lord's injunction or from the decision of the jury as
representing the whole body of suitors. The decision may not have been
clear in the minds of those who attended the courts, but it appears that,
in theory at any rate, pains and penalties were imposed by the jury, subject
to the lord's approbation,^ and remitted by the lord with the consent of
the jury or tenants."

' See above, p. 84.

" Yt ys ordenid by the jure that every man frome hensforthe shall have at all and every tymes
herafter horse and gere able to serve their master, opon payne of forfetyng their tenements. Scatoii
Delaval Court Rolls, 1559.

^ Payne laid that whoever shall sklander his neighbor within this mannor to paie to the lord iij* iiij"",
to the partie greved his charges in courte, and the losse of th' action to the stewerd. Ibid. 1584.

' Juiatores petunt quod omnes penae et precepta in ultima curia contenta et expressa stent deinceps
in effectum pro anno futuro ; ibid. 1578. Memorandum quod omnes tenentes tarn de Seaton Delavale
quam de Hartley et Hallywell petunt quod omnes penae ordines et precepta in hac curia modo contenta
et expressa stent deinceps in effectum ; ibid. 1580.

''A pain made in 1582 is entered on the rolls as remitted 'per dominum manerii cum consensu
tenentium.'

SEATON DELAVAL TOWNSHIP. 20I

From the lists of tenants given at the head of each court roll, specific
evidence is to be gathered as to the progress of enclosure in the sixteenth
century. Twenty-four husbandry holdings occur in the medieval extents
of the manor, but in the fifteenth century the number of tenements appears
to have been reduced by one half, the size of the holding being propor-
tionally increased. During the greater part of the sixteenth century the
number remained fixed at twelve. Six tenements fell into the lord's hands
between the years 1564 and 1579, but were given in the latter year to six
dispossessed tenants of Hartley. No systematic policy of eviction appears
to have been adopted until the year 1588, when one holding fell vacant.
A second followed in 1591, a third in 1593, a fourth in 1594, four more
in 1595, a ninth holding before 1599, and a tenth in 1601. No new grants
were made, and consequently, at the close of Elizabeth's reign, there were
only two tenants at will remaining in the manor. Joshua Delaval, writing
in or about the year 1596, has left a record of this revolution in farming.

Seaton Delavale being a lordship and ye inheritance of Robert Delavale esqr., wherof on his
demayne ther he had 2 plowes going of auncient time ; and since or about the tenth yeare of the
queene, ther was in Seaton Delavale towne 12 tenements, whereon ther dwelt 12 able men, sufficientlie
furnished with horse and furniture to serve her majestie at all times when they were called upon,
namelie John Hall, Tho. Swanne, Anthony Delavale, James Storey, Richard Mill, Edw. Pythie, Edw.
Fiffe, John Gibbeson, Willm. Robeson, Edmond Reedhead, Tho. Beanlie, and Tho. Delavale, who
payed 46s. 8d. rent yearlie a piece or therabouttes ; all the said tenantts and their successors saving 5
the said Robert Delavale either thrust out of their fermolds or weried theim by taking excessive fines,
increasing of their rentts unto £^ apiece, and withdrawing part of their best land and medow from
their tenements, and by not permittinge theim to malt their malt corne they grew of their fermes for
hindiing the vent or saile of their said lands' lords, by taking their good land from them and com-
pelHng theim to vvinne morishe and heath ground, and after their hedging helh ground to ther great
chardge, and payed a great fine, and bestowed great reparations on building on ther tenements, he
quite thrust them of in one yeare, refusing either to repay the fine or to repay the chardge bestowed in
diking or building as the tenants do bitterlie exclame. The said seven fermolds displaced had to every
of them 60 acres of arable land, viz. 20 in every feild at the least, as the tenantts affirme, which
amounteth to 480 acres of land yearlie or theraboutts, converted for the most part from tillage to
pasture, and united to the demayne of the lordship of Seaton Delavale. So that wher ther was 12
tenantts with sufficient horse and furniture able to serve, they are now brought to 5, namelie Geo.
Jordan, Ed. Delavale, John Hill, Gawhin Swanne, and David Browne, who have not one serviceable
horse emongst them all for ye causes aforesaid.'

Eviction of the customary tenants naturally led to enclosure of the
common fields. A survey of Seaton Delaval taken in 16 10 gives the
size of the various enclosures.

' Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries. Joshua Delaval's state-
ment is borne out by a comparison of the muster-roll of 1580, at which Robert Delaval appeared with
seven tenants from Seaton Delaval, six from Hartley, and six from Holywell, with that of 1595, when
Robert Delaval was attended only by his brother, two household servants, and three other retainers.
Cal. Border Papers, vol. i. p. 21, and vol. ii. p. yy.

Vol IX. 2(>

202 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

The Iitne Growndes : Blackehouse close, 54 acres ; Northland-dales close, 60 acres ; Berridge and
the flattes, 92 acres; lowe meadowes, 15 acres; Fetterslawe, 35 acres; north feylde next ye towne,
54 acres ; oxe-pesture to ye sward, 66 acres ; Smawden shethe in that feyld, 1 1 acres ; easte yardes, 27
acres ; weather closes, 15 acres ; milne-feld northe ye rigg, 37 acres ; milne-feld south ye rigg,
47 acres; Swallow-deane close, 42 acres; Brearye-havers feld, 113 acres; Lawhyll feld, 119 acres;
Bradhewoorthe, 18 acres; Lumpart-well feld, 87 acres; Cokeflatt and Swan's feld, 63 acres; Hill's
tylladge closes, 34 acres ; the churche-feld, 33 acres ; Laye-flatt, 23 acres ; myll-hill feld, 52 acres ; the
two rough closes and Duking close, 43 acres; Marle-deane bankes, 13 acres; South moore with the
wood, and along the burne to the mouth of Swallo-deane, 360 acres. Total, 1,513 acres.

The. Out Growndes : Lysden and the Brocks, 135 acres ; Whitryage inne-grownd, 223 acres ; Whitry-
age moore to Rashpoole, 496 acres ; Seaton Delavale moore, 260 acres. Total, 1,114 acres.'

Conversion of tillage into pasture, consequent upon eviction and
enclosure, followed as a third stage in the agrarian revolution. Sheep-
farming and cattle-grazing assumed predominance. This is apparent from
an account of the stock kept by Sir Ralph Delaval in the lordships of
Seaton, Hartley, and Horton, at the time of his death in 1628, as set
out by his son, Thomas Delaval.

Cattle : All the tillage he kept was three ploughs at Seaton and three at Hartley, and sometimes an
odd draught at either place over, so as he had in all of draught oxen 81. Slots, which served to supply
his draughts, that came of his own breed of cattle, 118. Kyne, with which his lady kept for the most
part a dairy at Lysdon, another at Horton, a third at Seaton, 147. Young whies which served to supply
the stock of these dairies as they failed, 98. Young breed, as stirks and calves, 63. Bulls for breeding, 5.

Sheep : The stock of sheep which usually he did keep on these grounds was 1,200 or 1,300, but, a
year before he died, they rotted and decayed, so as there was left but 861.

Horses : The number of horses that he kept was not many, for he bred none for sale, but for his own
use ; 37.

Swine: The store of swine he kept was very small, and them altogether at Hartley for his house
use ; 25.

It is unnecessary to trace the subsequent management of the estate,
sufficient having been said to show the workings of a northern manor
upon the eve of that great change which converted the customary tenant
into a leasehold farmer and crushed out of existence the medieval village-
communitv.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP.

The township of Newsham and South Blyth e.xtends along the coast
from Meggie's burn northward to the Blyth, and along the right bank of
the Blyth from the sea to a point immediately above the graving docks.
Thence the boundary follows the course of an ancient inlet or gut, now
filled in, passing up Union Street in the direction of the Mill pit, until it

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 203

reaches the old line of Plessey wagonway, which bounds the township
to the north-west and divides it from Cowpen. Midway between the
modern hamlets of Newsham and New Delaval, the boundary turns sharply
to the south and proceeds in a straight line to the source of Meggie's
burn at the north-west corner of Seaton Delaval township. On this side
Newsham marches with the township of Horton. The whole area thus
enclosed contains 1,366 acres, of which six are inland water and 102
foreshore.

The name of Newsham is now borne by a pit village in Cowpen town-
ship, outside the limits of the district under consideration, but was originally
given to South Newsham, a hamlet situated on the road that turns inland
from Link-house. A considerable portion of the town of Blyth lies within
the township and contributes largely to its population, which numbered
5,472 at the last census ; ' but, as the seaport has little in common with
the agricultural district to the south of it, it is convenient to deal with
each separately, and to treat of Blyth at the close of this volume, in
conjunction with Cowpen.

In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries Newsham was a hamlet in the
manor of Seaton Delaval, and consequently formed part of the Delaval
barony. The earliest known tenant of Newsham was a certain William
de Neusum, donor of three acres in that place to Brinkburn priory. -
William de Neusum died without issue, leaving a brother, Geoffrey de
Neusum, who succeeded him, and a widow, Mary, in enjoyment of dower
which she surrendered on September 17th, 1202, to Gilbert Delaval in
return for an annuity of twenty shillings.^ Like his brother, Geoffrey de
Neusum gave three acres in Newsham to Brinkburn priory,^ besides granting
a carucate of land in that place to the hospital of St. Mary the Virgin,

' The census returns for the township are as follows : 1801,1,170; 1811,1,522; 1821,1,805; 1S31,
1,769; 1841,1,921; 1851,2,584; 1861,2,901; 1871,2,918; 1881,2,831; 1891,3,728; 1901,5,472.

- Brinkburn Chartulary, Surt. Soc. No. go, p. 186 ; Rotuli Chartarmn, Record Com. p. 88.

' Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia domini regis apud Novum Castrum die martis proxima
post festum exaltacionis sancte crucis anno regni regis Johannis quarto, etc., inter Mariam que fuit u.vor
Willelmi, petentem, et Gilbertum de ValF, tenenteni, de racionabili dote sua que eam contigit de libero
teneinento quod fuit Willehni quondam viri sui in Nehusum, unde placitum fuit inter eos in prefata curia,
scilicet quod predicta Maria remisit et quietum clamavit totum jus et clamium quod habuit in predicto
tenemento Gilberto de Vail' et heredibus suis in perpetuum ; ita quod predictus Gilbertus et heredes sui
dabunt predicte Marie annuatim xx"' solidos de (irma tola vita sua, scilicet x solidos ad pentecostem et
X solidos ad festum sancti Cuthberti in mense Septembris. Et pro hac quieta clamacione, fine et
concordia, predictus Gilbertus dedit eidem Marie xl solidos et j robam de burnett et iiij quarteria
frumenti. Feet of Fines, John, No. 14, from the duke of Northumberland's transcripts.

* Brinkburn Cliartulary, p. 1S6 ; Rotuli Chartarum, p. 88.

204 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

in Westgate, Newcastle.' His son, Adam de Neusum, impleaded Gilbert
Delaval in the king's court in 1207 for four carucates \n Newsham which
William, the plaintiff's uncle, had leased to the defendant for a term of
years then expired. The whole township contained six carucates. One
carucate, as already mentioned, had been granted to the hospital of St.
Mary, while another was in the undisputed possession of Adam de Neusum
at the time of the suit.

By the terms of the agreement made between the disputants, bearing
date November 23rd, 1208, the four carucates were equally divided between
plaintiff and defendant. The manor-house, the salt-pan of ' Snoc ' and
the fishery of ' Blume ' were, however, taken out of the division and
assigned to Gilbert Delaval, land of corresponding value being given to
Adam de Neusum. The fifth carucate, formerly held by Adam, was
similarly divided, but the patronage of the hospital land was suffered to
remain with the descendants of the donor. Thus the result of the division
was to give two and a half carucates to Gilbert Delaval and two and a
half carucates, with the services of the remaining carucate, to Adam de
Neusum. For these three carucates and a half Adam agreed to render
the service pertaining to the sixth part of a knight's fee. Delaval's claim
to the serfs settled upon the land now surrendered by him to Adam, as well
as to the crops growing there at the time of surrender, was recognised.
Equivalent rights of common were assigned to Gilbert Delaval's men in
Newsham and to Adam's men in Seaton. Certain lands in Callerton, then
held in dower by Alice, mother of the said Adam, were granted in rever-
sion to Delaval. Finally, by a clause which may be taken to prove the
consanguinity of the two parties, Adam quit-claimed all right to the Delaval
lands of Seaton, Callerton and Dissington. Delaval paid forty marks to
Adam, and twenty marks to the king for licence to agree.^

' See the fine quoted below. Adam de Neusum confirmed his father's grant in the following terms :
' Sciant omnes presentes et futuri quod ego, Adam de Neusum, concessi et presenti carta mea confirmavi
Deo et beate Marie et fratribus hospitalis sancte Marie de Novo Castro in Westgate totam terram
quam ipsi tenent in villa de Neusum, cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, in liberam puram et perpetuam
elemosinam. Et sciendum quod ego remisi eis et quietum clamavi redditum tredecim denariorum quos
ipsi solebant reddere mihi annuatim pro firma predicte terre, pro salute anime mee et uxoris mee Eve
et antecessorum et heredum meorum. Hiis testibus, Waltero Grafard, Ricardo de Hereford, Willelmo
de Stikelawe, Johanne Maudut, Rogero de Haliwell, Simone de Walteden, Petro Scotto, et multis aliis.'
Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. xv. p. 202, from the hospital muniments. This land was still held by the
hospital in 1 547. Brand, Newcastle, vol. i. p. 79.

- Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia regis apud Novum Castrum super Tinam dominica proxima
post festum sancti Edmundi anno regni regis Johannis decimo, etc., inter Adam filium Gaufridi petentem
et Gillebertum de la Val tenentem, de iiij' carrucatis terre cum pertinentiis in Newesum, unde placitum

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 2O5

The estate confirmed to Adam, son of Geoffrey, in 1 208 was held
circa 1240 by his brother, Richard de Neusuni, for the service above named,'
and afterwards came to heiresses, Dionisia, wife of Fulk de Tibenhani, and
Isabella, wife of Roger Mauduit, who were also coheirs of Tritlington in
the chapelry of Hebburn, near Morpeth.' These persons were summoned
before the justices of assize in 1256 to give warranty to John de Lexington,
one of the king's justices in evre, for two carucates of land and twenty-
four shillings rent in Newshani ; upon which occasion the two ladies
refused to ratify the gift made by their husbands, alleging that the premises
were of their private inheritance.' It is probable, however, that their
moiety of Newsham passed to the Uelavals before the close of the thirteenth
century.

fuit inter eos in curia doniini regis coram ipso domino rage, at de quinta carrucata terra cum pertinentiis
in eadem villa, unde pater ipsius Adae obiit seisitus ; scilicet quod idem Adam recognovit at concessit
pradictas iiij'" carrucatas terre cum pertinentiis in Newesum et pradictam quintam cairucatam terra in
eadem villa cum omnibus pertinentiis suis esse jus ipsius Gilberti. Et pro hac recogniciona et fine et
Concordia idem Gillebertus dedit et concessit predicto Adae de eadem terra subscriptas particulas,
scilicet unum mesuagium quod ast oppositum capital! mesuagio quod ramanat ipsi Gilleberto at heredibus
suis, et inedietatam tocius culture versus occidenlem que est inter Blakeden et Schuleburn, et mediatatem
tocius culture versus occidentem sicut jacat de Sculeburn usque ad campum de Horton et usque ad
campum de Copum, et quater xx'' et viij acras et unam rodam terra in una cultura sicut jacat ex occidentali
parte masuagii ipsius Adae usque ad campum de Copum, et medietatem tocius cultura vei'sus occidantem
qua vocatur Hicclawes, et medietatem tocius cultura versus occidentem que appellatur Lingefiel, que est
ex oriental! parte de Nawasum et in aquilonar! parte da Sculeburn usque ad wastellum de Hicclawes, et
medietatem tocius culture versus occidentem que est inter Sculeburn et Ricardeschester, at medietatem
culture versus occidentem in Seforlang, at medietatem culture versus occidantem in Salterfurlang, que
jacet juxta campum de Copum, et mediatatem culture tocius versus occidantem in Snoc da Bliemue, et
medietatem cultura versus occidentem in Middelflat, que jacet inter Sculeburn et Maltefurlang, t|ue durat
ad quandam culturam ipsius Gillebert! quam habat da quatar xx" at viij acris et j roda terre, et medie-
tatem cultura versus occidentem in Maltesfurlang qua durat uscjue ad dictam culturam Gilleberti de
quater xx" et viij acris et j roda terre, at medietatem tocius cultura versus occidentem in Blakeburnefur-
lang que durat usque ad predictam culturam Gilleberti de quater xx" at viij acris et j roda terre, et
medietatem tocius culture versus occidantem que jacet ax occidentali parte domus hospitalis sancte Marie
de Novo Castello et ex aquilonari parte de Sculeburn, et medietatem illius prati versus occidantem quod
est juxta mare, at medietatem prati de Blakeburn versus occidantem, et toftum quod fuit WiUelmi

Binw [at] toftum quod fuit Dolfin, et toftum quod fuit Rogari, et toftum quod fuit Hugonis Bigun, et

preteraa dimidiam unius carrucata terra cum pertinentiis in eadem villa quam Gaufridus, pater ipsius
Adae, dadit in elemosinam fratribus hospitalis de Novo Castello ; ita quod ipsi eam de aodam Ada
teneant de cetero in elemosinam sicut ipsi facarunt da ip)SO Gilleberto ; habenda et tenenda eidem Adae
et heredibus suis de ipso Gilleberto et heredibus suis in perpetuum per servicium quod partinat ad iij
carrucatas terre at dimidiam, unde vj carrucate terra faciunt terciam partem feodi unius militis, pro omni
servicio, Et pro hac donacione et concessione idem Adam remisit et quietum clamavit de se et
heredibus suis predicto Gilleberto et heredibus suis totum jus et clamium quod habuit in tota terra quam
idem C.illebertus tenuit in Seton et in Cawarton et in Dicinton, retanto tantum hoc quod homines ipsius
Adae da Newesuin communicabunt in pastura de Saton ubicumque homines ipsius Gilleberti de Newesum
in ea communicare potarunt, et salva Alicia matri Adae predict! tota vita sua terra quam tanat in dote in
Chawarton, que post decessum ipsius Alicie revertetur ad ipsum Gillebartum et ad heredes suos quieta
de ipso Ada et heredibus suis in perpetuum. Et preterea idem (lillebertus dedit eidem Adae quadraginta
marcas argent!. Fett uf Fines, John, No. 32, from the duka of Northumberland's transcripts. Another
record of the agreement, differing in some particulars, occurs in Curia Regis Roll, No. 45, and is printed
in Abbyevtcitio Placitonim, Record Com. p. 59.

' Testa de Nevill, Record Com. pp. 3S3, 390. ' See vol. vii. of this work, p. 339.

■' Three Nortkunibrian Assize RuUs, Surt. Soc. No. 88, p. 49.

2o6 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Nicholas de Nehsum, donor to Brinkburn priory.

. ! I

William de Neusum, donor := Mary, living 17th Geoffrey de Neusum, donor to hospital of St. = Alice, living 23rd
to Brinkburn priory, September, 1 202. Mary, Westgate, and to Brinkburn priory. [ November, 1208.

I \

Adam de Neusum, party to Eve, living 1236 Richard de Neusum, 'filius Galfridi de Neusum ' (IVa/w/o^-rf

agreement, 23rd November, (Curia Jfegis Rolls, C/iarlers, No. 69), held lands in Newsham circa 1240

1208; living 1236. No. 116). (7'esla de Nevill).

Gilbert Delaval, like Adam de Neusum, was a donor to Brinkburn
priory, giving to that monastery the multure of twelve acres in Newsham.^
The two carucates assigned to him in 1208 came by grant to his younger
son, Sir Henry Delaval, who held them, circa 1240, by the rent of half a mark.^
Sir Henry Delaval eventually succeeded to his father's barony and gave his
moiety of Newsham to his own younger son. Sir Hugh Delaval.^ In 1297
Sir Hugh Delaval was paying seven pence yearly rent for Newsham, and ap-
parently at that time held the whole manor, except the tenement belonging
to the hospital of St. Mary, which remained charged with the annual pay-
ment of half a mark.'' The two principal residents in Newsham entered on
the subsidy roll of 1296 were Sir Hugh Delaval and William of St. Mary of
Westgate, whose name shows his connection with the hospital in Newcastle.

Neusome Subsidy Roll, 1296.

£ s. d. s. d.

Sumnia bonorum domini Hugonis de la Vale... 6 i 4 unde regi 11 o\

„ Wilielmi de sancta Maria

dil VVestgat 8 18 4 „ 16 2J

„ Christiane Ravin* o 11 o „ 10

Sunima hujus ville, £\^ los. 8d. ; unde domino regi, ^i 8s. .^d."

Neusom Subsidy Roll, 1312."

£ s. d. s. d.

Summa bonorum domini Hugonis de la Vale II 64 unde regi 22 yl

„ Robert! filii Nicholai ... 140 „ 2 4I

„ Johannis Coci ... ... o 11 2 „ I li

„ Christiane Rawyn ... ... 1156 „ 3 6i

„ RanuLphi Lounes ... ... o 11 o „ ' 'i

„ Henrici de Hedley o 13 8 „ i 4i

„ Robert! Porter o 18 5 „ i 10

„ Roger! Attorn ... ... o 18 4 „ i 10

„ Radulph! Lithil ... ... o 10 8 „ i o|

Summa summarum particularum, /18 9s. id. ; unde regi, ^l i6s. i id.

' Brinkburn Chartulary, p. 186 ; Rotuli Chartarum, p. 88. - Testa de Nevill, p. 387.

' Rotnli Hundredorum, Record Com. vol. ii. p. 23. ■* Inq. p.m. 25 Edw. I. No. 47.

' In 1256 Richard Raven was convicted of stealing twelve sheaves out of a stook of corn. His
father, John Raven of Newsham, who had received the stolen property, fled, and his chattells, valued at
£2 17s. 3d., were seized by John de Lexington as lord of the manor. Three Ncrthiimbrian Assize Rolls,
Surt. Soc. No. 88, p. loi. s j,,y Subsidy RoU, if a.

' Ibid. ij-. The following names occur in the roll for 1336 : Neusom. Johannes de Copon, 2s. 3|d. ;
Robertus Attorn, is. 2d. ; Robertus Raven, 2s. : summa, 5s. 5id. Ibid. J-fa.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 207

Sir Robert Delaval, son and heir of Sir Hugh Delaval, succeeded
to the barony in 131 1, thus re-uniting Newsham with Seaton Delaval.
Walter Delaval, who may have been a younger brother, held of him a
messuage and a tenement of eighty acres in Newsham, and died leaving a
son, Robert Delaval. This Robert Delaval forfeited his holding in 1346,
for treacherously conniving at the escape, from Bothal, of the earl of
Wigton, one of the Scottish prisoners taken at Neville's Cross.' The
forfeited land was estimated to be worth yearly £1 6s. 8d.

Following the family custom. Sir Robert Delaval the elder granted
Newsham to his second son. Sir Robert Delaval, junior. As will be
seen later, the grant was probably made in tail male, with remainder in
tail male to the third son of the donor. Sir Robert Delaval, junior, was
fined in 1359 for having acquired the manor without the king's licence, its
yearly value being then given as £'^ 6s. 8d.- On September 30th, 1383,
he was a party to the marriage settlement of his son, John Delaval, upon
whom he settled Newsham in tail, reserving to himself a life annuity of
ten pounds.^ Again the absence of the royal licence necessitated an official
enquiry. On October loth, 1386, the jurors returned answer that the
annual value of the premises had, at the time of the grant, been twelve
pounds, but had since been diminished by a Scottish foray, and, at the
date of the enquiry, did not amount to more than the stipulated rent.*

John Delaval and Margaret his wife, the beneficiaries under the
settlement of 1383, had an only child, Elizabeth, whom they gave in

' Chronicon dc Lanercost, Bannatyne Club, p. 351 ; Cat. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. iii. p. 276 ; Iiiq. cut quod
damnum, 24 Edw. III. No. 24 (old numeration). The escheat was granted on September 26th, 1347
(Cat. Pat. Rotts, 1345- 1348, p. 430), to Peter de Brugge, king's yeoman, by whom it was surrendered to
the Crown on March 23rd. 1335; Cat. Close Rotls, 1354-1360, p. 188. Granted for life on December 14th,
1386, to John Creswell (Cat. Pat. Rotts, 1385-13S9, p. 2S7), it was not resumed on Creswell's death in
1433, but remained concealed land until January 23rd, 1455, when it was again taken into the king's
hand. Sheriffs Seizures, P.R.O. 34 Hen. VI. m. O. Its subsequent history cannot be traced.

Inq. ad quod damnum, file cccxx.xi. No. 6.

' Presens carta indentata facta apud Newsome, die mercurii in crastino sancti Michaelis archangel!
a. r. r. Ricardi secundi, etc., septimo, testatur quod Robertus de la Vale chr. dedit, etc., Johanni filio suo
et Margarete filie Johannis de Mitforth omnia terras et tenementa sua in Newsome cum omnibus suis
pertinenciis tarn in dominico quam in servicio una cum serviciis liberorum tenentium et nativorum cum
eorum sectis et sequelis, etc., habenda et tenenda prefatis Johanni filio suo et .Margarete et heredibus de
corporibus eorundem legitnne procreatis, etc., reddendo annuatim prefato Roberto ad totam vitam suam,
etc., decem libras, etc. Et si contingat predictum redditum, etc., aretro existere non solutum, etc., quod
tunc bene liceat predicto Roberto in predictis terris et tenementis cum pertinenciis, exceptis quadam
placea vocata le Snoke et uno tenemento cum quinquaginta tribus acris teire in tenura Johannis Boy
intrare, etc. Apud Newsome, etc. Hiis testibus, Henrico de la \'ale, Willelmo de la Vale, Bartramo
Monboucher, militibus, Ricardo de Cramlyngton, Allexandro de Cressewell et aliis. Watcrfvrd Charters,
No. 6.

' Inq. p.m. 10 Ric. II. No. 117 ; Cat. Put. Rotts, 1385-13S9, p. 239.

208 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

marriage to John Horsley of Horsley in the parish of Ovingham. The
articles of agreement made before that marriage bear date September 28th,
1423, and have been set out at length in the account of Seaton Delaval.'
In pursuance of the conditions therein contained, John and Margaret
Delaval made over the estate of Nevvsham and Blythsnook to trustees to
the use of John Horsley and of Elizabeth Delaval and of their heirs in
tail. i\fter receiving seisin, Horsley and his wife in their turn 'granted a
lease of the manor (with reservation of Blythsnook and the fishery there)
to John and Margaret Delaval for life. John Delaval died on December
26th, 1455, having survived his first wife." John Horsley and Elizabeth
his wife being then both dead, their eldest son, James Horsley alias
Delaval, came into possession of the manor of which he had been the
legal owner since the death of his parents.

A settlement made in 1446 had placed James Horsley in the line of
succession to Seaton Delaval and the other estates then held by his
kinswoman, Dame Elizabeth Burcester, to whom he stood heir presumptive.
As has been previously stated, in the account of Seaton Delaval, certain
controversies subsequently arose between James Horsley and the Burcesters,
resulting in fresh dispositions made in favour of Marquis Montague to the
disinheriting of Horsley." In or about the vear 1461, Sir John Burcester
and Elizabeth his wife petitioned the Chancellor for a writ of sub poena
to be addressed to Robert Mitford for the production of a deed of entail
of Newsham manor which had been entrusted to Mitford by Agnes,
widow of John Delaval. This deed purported to be an entail made by
Sir Robert Delaval the elder in favour of his son. Sir Robert Delaval
the younger, and his heirs in tail male, with remainder to Sir William
Delaval, junior, third son of the grantor, and to his heirs in tail male,
and with ultimate remainder to the grantor and to his right heirs. The
issue both of Sir Robert Delaval, junior, and of Sir William Delaval, junior,
having failed in the male line, Dame Elizabeth Burcester now laid claim
to Newsham as heir general of Sir Robert Delaval the elder.^

' See above, pp. 148-149. -' Inq. p.m. 34 Hen. VI. No. 27. ^ See above, pp. 150-151.

' To the right reverent fadre in God, George bysshop of E[x]cestre and chaunceller of England.
Besechith your most honorable lordshyp your poor oratour John Burcestre|^knyght and Elizabeth his
wytif cosyn and heir of Robert Delavall (that is to say doghtre to William son to William son to Alice
doghtre to William son to the seid Robert), that wheras one Agnes, sumtym wyf of one John Delavale
of Newsam, was possessed of a dede emonges othre evidencez wherby that the seid Robert gaffe the
manor of Newsam with appurtenaunces in the shire of Northumbr unto Robert his son and to the

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 2O9

Accordingly, on December I2tli, 1461, ii writ was directed from
Chancery for a certificate to be made in the case. An inquisition was
held at Newcastle on February 14th following, wherein the statements
made by plaintiffs were found to be true.' If the verdict of the jury is
to be admitted as correct, the settlements made in 1383 and 1423 were
void,'' for the former entail does not appear to have been barred by fine.
However, Elizabeth Burcester's death without issue in 1469 made further
dispute nugatory, and left Horsley undoubted heir at law.

The jurors in 1461 found the manor to contain a hundred acres of
arable, twenty acres of meadow, and sixty acres of pasture, worth respec-
tively two pence, four pence and a penny per acre yearly. A place
called Blythsnook was returned as containing twenty acres of arable,
valued at two pence an acre per annum. They further returned answer
that a certain John Widdrington had entered into the manor immediately
after the death of John Delaval, and continued to receive the profits.'
Widdrington derived his title from James Horsley, from whom he received
a release of all claims to Newsham and Blythsnook by deed dated
April 6th, 1463.*

The appearance of a third claimant still further complicated the suc-
cession. John Delaval had, in his lifetime, granted Newsham to George
Cramlington, to whose son and heir, John Cramlington, he quit-claimed in

heirez males of liis body begotyn, and, for defaute of such issue, the remaindre tharof to William
Delavale, son of the seid' Robert the fadre, and to the heirez males of his body comyng, and for defaute
of such issue the seid manor with appurtenauncez to reverte to the seid Robert the fadre and his
heirez; the which Robert the son and William ar ded without issue male of there bodyes comyng;
and the seid Agnes so possessed [of t]he seid dede amonges othre evidence gaft' then to one Robert
Mitford uppon trust to the use and behofe of the seid Robert the fadre and his heirez ; the wych
John Burcestre and Elizabeth cosyn and heir to the seid Robert the fadre hath required the seid Robert
Mitford to deliver unto them the seid dede and he that to doo hath utterly refusid: wherefore please
it your good lordshyp to graunte a wryte of sub pcna to be directed unto the seid Robert Mitford
comaundyng hym be the same to appere afore the kyng in his chauncerie at a certein daye by yowe to
be limited to answer unto the premissez and to reule hym tharin as reason and conscience requn-eth.
And your seid oratours shall contenualli praye to God for yowe. Plegii de prosequendo : Willelmus
Andrewe de Suthwark in comitatu .Surr' yoman. Roberlus Whitwell de Suthwark in comitatu Surr'
gentilman. Early Chancery Proceedings, bundle 29, No. 341.

' Inq.p.m. I Edw. IV. No. 14.

- It is noticeable that, although the settlement of 1383 is shown by the original deed to have been
made in tail, the royal confirmation of that settlement limited the succession to heirs in tail male.
Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1385-1389, p. 239.

' Inq.p.m. I Edw. IV. No. 14.

' Noverint universi per presentes me, Jacobum de le Vale, consanguineum et heredem Johannis
de le Val, nuper de Newsum, remisisse, etc., Johanni Woderington totum jus, etc., in maneno de
Newsum, necnon de et in villis, terris et tenementis de Newsum et Blithesnoke. Datum sexto die
Aprilis, anno regni regis Edwardi quarti tercio. Marquis of Waterford's M.SS. On the same day
Delaval appointed Edward Weddalle to give seisin. Waterford Charters, No. 27.

Vol. IX. 27

2IO EARSDON CHAPELRY.

1453/4.^ John Cramlington died without issue, leaving as heir his brother,
Thomas Cramlington, who disseised John Widdrington and entered upon the
manor. Between the years 1474 and 1480 Thomas Cramlington received

A certificate to testifie that Creorge Cramlington died seised of the manner of Newsam, and that
after his death yt descended to John Cramhngton his sonne, whoe like manner died seised thereof;
after whose death the said manner descended to Thomas his brother as his heire, whoe thereof died
seised ; and that James Delavale was never seised of that manner ; which is testified under the handes
and scales of Roger Heron, John Lilborne the elder, John Lilborne the younger, then sheriffe of the
countie of Northumberland, and others."

It is difficult to see how the Cramlingtons could have acquired
anything beyond a prescriptive right, since John Delaval of Newsham
was admittedly tenant in tail and had therefore no power to convey the
fee simple. James Horsley never succeeded in enforcing his claim, but
his son, John Delaval, effected a re-entry, and thereupon, on April 28th,
1500, granted his lands at Horslev in Ovinghani and at Dukesfield in
Slaley to Robert Widdrington, heir and representative of the above-
mentioned John Widdrington, in exchange for Newsham.' In his turn
John Delaval was dispossessed by Thomas Cramlington ; although he may
possibly have retained possession of Blythsnook, since the inquisition taken
after his death found him to have held twelve cottages or 'lodges' at that
place, worth yearly two pence each, of three hundred acres of arable and
two hundred acres of meadow in the same place, and of a waste tenement
in Newsham.^

In 1536 the case was revived. Thomas Cramlington II., grandson of
the above-mentioned Thomas Cramlington I., and Sir John Delaval, son
of John Delaval, agreed to submit their respective titles to the manor of
Newsham to the arbitrament of Sir Thomas Percy, Sir Thomas Hilton
and Sir William Ogle, knights ; Cuthbert Ogle, clerk ; and Robert
Collingwood of Eslington and Lionel Grey of Weetwood, esquires. Bonds
to stand by the award of the arbitrators were signed on November 20th,
1536.'' Sir John Delaval's statement of his case runs as follows:

' Noveritis me, prefatum Johannem, remisisse, relaxasse, etc., Johanni, filio et heredi Georgii
Cramlington, heredibus et assignatis suis, totum jus quod habui in territorio de Newsam in comitatu
Northumbrie, quod quidem jus prefatus Georgius habuit ex done et feoffamento meo ; anno 32 Henrici
sexti. St. George's Visitation, 161 S- -Ibid.

' Waterjord Charters, No. 74, contains the grant of Dukesfield and Horsley. That these lands were
given in exchange for Newsham may be inferred from .Sir John Delaval's statement of title printed
above in the text, but the corresponding grant of Newsham made by Widdrington to Delaval is no
longer extant.

* Inq. p.m. 2nd series, vol. xxxiv. No. 53. ' Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 21 I

Memoianduni lliat one John Dclavale and Margrct his wytT war scascd of tlie manor of Newsham
in tayll, and, so seased, upon covenants of marriage had betwyxt Elizabeth doiighter of ye said John
Dehavale and John Horsley, enfelTed Jolin Mitford, Wilham Mitford and Jerred Mitford in fee, and they,
beyng so seised, mad estat therof to the said John Horsley and Elizabeth in tayll, hi force wherof they
were seased in fee tayll according to the covenants of the said marriage ; and afterward, accordinge to the
said covenants, the said John and Elizabeth mad a leese of the said manor to the said John Delavalle
and Margret for terme of ther lyves, bi force wherof they were seased accordingly, the revercion
therof belonginge to the said John Horsley and Elizabeth and to ther heirs. And afterward the said
John Horsley and Elizabeth had issue one James Horsley and died, the said John Delavale the fader of
Elizabeth then levynge ; and afterward the said John Delavale died, after whos death the said manor
discended to the said James, bi force wherof he was seased in fee, and, so beinge seased, enfeffed one
Robert Wodrington in fee upon bargaine mad betwyxt them, bi force wherof he was seased, and, so
seased, one Thomas Cramlyngton hym disseased, upon whom the said Robert entred, and afterward
eschange was had betwyxt the said Robert and John Delavale fader to the said Sir John, bi force wherof
as well the said Robert as the said John entred into the land so eschanged, of wich lands the heirs of
Wodrington er yet seased ; and the said John Delavale, so beynge seased of the said manor, was
disseased by the said Thomas Cramlyngton, and the said John Delavall died, and the said Thomas
Cramlyngton, so beynge in by disseason, died seased, the said John Delavalle then beynge within age.'

The terms of the award have not survived, but it is known to have
been in favour of Thomas Cramhngton, and on July 20th, 1537, Sir John
Delaval signed a deed by which he released to Crainlington all claims to
the manor of Newsham, and so terminated a dispute of eighty years'
duration."

In 1550 Thomas Cramlington II. died in peaceable possession of
Newsham. A soldier by profession, he had served in the Scottish wars in
1523, and had been retained in fee with the warden of the marches.^ On
June 20th, 155 1, his son and heir, George Cramlington, likewise deceased,
having devised to Phillis Cramlington, his wife, all the lands of which he
had the disposal, namely, two-thirds of the whole manor. One-third of
Newsham was then in the occupation of the testator's mother, Agnes
Cramlington, who enjoyed it until her death in 1558, while his younger
brother, Lamwell Cramlington, had a life-estate in Blythsnook under the
will of Thomas Cramlington II.' Both these properties reverted in due
course to Thomas Cramlington III., son and heir of George Cramlington,

' Marquis of Waterford's MS.S.

- The authority for this transaction is a statement made by Thomas Cramlington, grandson to one
of the parties to the dispute, in a case heard before the Council of the North, and recorded iii the
Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries. It concurs with other existing
evidence. The iurors in an inquisition taken March l6th, 1562/3, reported: 'The quene's majestie's
feodary doith a'Uedge that ther should be a release maid be Sir John Delavale knyght to one
Cramlyngton of the seid Newsham, the sight of which release we have demaunded and cannott see it
nor have it.' Chancery Iiuj. p.m. 2nd series, vol. cxxxvii. No. 42.

' Letters and Papers, Hen. YIII. vol. iii. p. 1460 ; vol. iv. p. 2218.

* See Thomas Cramlington's will, printed in Durham Wills and Inventories, vol. iii. (Surt. Soc.
No. 112), p. 8.

212 EAKSDON CHAPEI.RY.

wlio, being an infant at the time of his father's death, became the ward,
and eventually the son-in-law, of Sir John Delaval, junior, son of that Sir
John Delaval who had surrendered all claim to Newsham.

Thomas Cramlington died in 1573, while yet a minor. He left no
children, and accordingly his uncle, Lancelot Cramlington of West Sleek-
burn, inherited Blythsnook and one-third of Newsham, subject to the
dower of Anne Cramlington, widow of the deceased. Meanwhile Phillis
Cramlington had carried her two-thirds of the manor to successive husbands,
to Edward Uclaval of Tynemouth, younger son of Sir John Delaval,
senior, and to a distant kinsman, John Ogle of Bebside. By George
Cramlington's will she had been permitted ' to sytte in ye stone howse
duringe hir wedowheed.' She and her assigns sat there for upwards of
fifty-six years, for by so long did she survive her first husband.

The inventory of the goods of John Ogle, taken on January 20th,
1585/6, gives some interesting particulars repecting Newsham-hall. The
manor-house contained a hall, a parlour used as a bedchamber, chambers
over the hall and parlour, a study which served the combined purpose of
counting house and armoury, a disused chapel and garret-loft, a buttery,
kitchen, brew-house, milk-house or dairy, and malt-loft. The room over
the hall formed the principal bedchamber, nine bedsteads filled the parlour
and the chamber over it. There was the usual large wooden press,
valued at two marks, and carved cupboard. Plate consisted of a silver
salt and six silver spoons, other household utensils were of latten or
pewter. Two jacks and steel caps, two bow^s, a quiver and bagful of
arrows, and one pair of playing-tables formed the furniture of the bookless
study.

/;; the chauibcr over the htdl. C)ne trundle beadstead, 4s. ; j fctherbed and bolster, 20s. ; j matres, 4s. ;
j longe table with a frame, 6s. 8d. ; j square table with a frame, 4s. ; j great wooden presse, 26s. 8d. ;
j cheste and j ould chair, 4s. 4d. ; wollen hanginges about the chamber, 24s.; j carpet and vj quish-
ions, 30s.

In the chamber over the parlcr. Thre fetherbedes and iij boulsters, 46s. 8d. ; viij paire of blanckettes,
485. ; xj pillowes, 6s. 8d. ; ij mattresses, xx hapinges or coveringes, ^3 6s. 8d. ; ix ould happinges, iSs. ;
iij pistre coveringes, 20s. ; ij standinge bedsteades, 35s. ; curtens, read and grene, ij pare, with fleers, 20s. ;
ij trundle bedsteades, 8s. ; ij cobbordes, 8s. ; iij chestes, 7s.

In the parlcr. One standing bedstead with read and yallow hanginges of wollen, 24s. ; ij fouldinge
bedsteades and j trundle bedsteade, 6s. ; j fetherbed and j boulster, 24s. ; j cobbord, carved, 13s. 4d. ;
j ould counter, Sd. ; j ould wooden chaire and a pecke for corne-measuringe, 4d. ; j bedstead in the litle
parler, 6d.

In the hall. One large table with frame, los. ; ij cobbordes, 8s. ; j fourme, j chaire and j kenninge
measure, i2d.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 213

In the huttcric. One sylvcr saltc and vj sylver spoones, ^3 ; j cobborde, js. ; iiij lalyne candlestickes,
4s. ; ij pewter candlestickes, 3s. ; j chaffen dishe, I4d. ; ij pewter saltes, 8d. ; j ljasin},'e and ewer of
puter, 4s.; j lattin basinge, i8d. ; iij pewter chamber-pottes, 3s.

Lying with other thinges in the cliuppell and garrett-lofte. Two standing bedstedes, j tnnuUe bcd-
stede, j oulde cubborde, and iij cony netes, 20s. ; iij oulde beddsteades, ij sythes, ij ould bylls and j
wollen whele, 6s. ; x paire of flaxen sheetes, £4 ; viij pyllobeers, los. ; v paire of course sheetes, los. ;
V flaxen table-clothes, 25s. ; ij course table-clothes, 2s. 6d. ; j cobbord-clothc, j longe towell, 2s. 8d. ;
j dozen table napkynes, 4s. ; j flaughter spade,' 6d.

In the kitchinge. One oulde brewinge calldron, 4s. ; j newe brewinge calldron, 20s. ; ij kettels for
milknes,- 6s. ; iiij brasse pottes, 12s. ; j iron chimley in the hall, 13s. 4d. ; iiij chymleye crookes, 5s.;
ij spyttes, ij pare of tonges, and j irone potte, 2s. ; ij paire of pott-clipes, 4d. ; j morterand pestle, 3s. ; iij
spares and iij lances, 8s. ; Ixxiij lbs. weighte of pewtere vessell at 7d. the pound, 42s.

In the malt-lojte. Eleven stone of wool, 58s. 8d. ; j wyndowe cloth, 6s.

In the hrewhuuse. One niaskinge tubb and iij couUinge tubbes for worte, 4s. ; iij leavpn tubbes,
j boultinge tubb, and j drye ware tubb, 2od. ; x beare-barrells and ij standes, 73. 4d. ; j soe for water,
i8d. ; ij milkinge-pales, 8d. ; j palle for worte, 3d.

In the niilkhouse. Two milke tubbes, i2d. ; v bolls for milke, 2s. ; iij chimes, 2s. ; j chese presse, Sd. ;
iiij chese fattes, 2s. 6d. ; j brake and mouldinge-bord and ij bee-hyves, los.

In the studye. Two jackes and ij stele cappes, 33s. 4d. ; ij bowes, j quiver, and j bage with arrowes,
13s. 4d. ; money and gould found readye there, ^21 4s. ; ij brand-irons with other irone stufe, 2s. 6d. ;
j paire of playinge tables, 6d."

The lands given in dower to Anne Cramlington were farmed by
John Ogle at ten marks yearly rent. Besides this and his wife's property
he mav possibly have rented the portion of Newsham belonging to
Lancelot Cramlington, to whom he had given his daughter Mary in
marriage in or about the year 1576.* He kept two ploughs going upon
his land, and had nineteen team-oxen. Wheat and oats were the principal
crops, one hundred and forty-two thraves of wheat being reaped in 1586.
His live stock, which was considerable, consisted, for the most part, of
cows and sheep, and enabled him to trade in dairy produce and wool.

His widow, Phillis Ogle, continued to reside at Newsham until 1596,
when she removed to Tynemouth. On September 2nd of that year she
granted a lease of Newsham-hall and of her lands there to Arthur Grey
of Chillingham, afterwards of Spindleston. The lease was granted for
twenty-one years, if the lessor should so long live, at a rental of fiftv
pounds yearly ; but the rent remained unpaid, and, on July 20th, 1603,

' The spade for paring ought to be similar to that used in Scotland for casting turf, provincially the
flaughter-spade.' Robertson, Agriculture oj Perth, cited by Murray, Nciv English Dictionary, vol. iv. p. 301.

- Milkness = dairy produce, milk. See Wright, English Dialect Dictionary, vol. iv. p. no.

' Durham Wills and Inventories, vol. ii. (Surt. Soc. No. 38), pp. 131-132, where the will is also given.
For further particulars regarding John Ogle, see Ogle, Ogle and Bothal, p. 86, and below under Bebside.

* On September 26th, 1573, Lancelot Cramlington leased to Robert Delaval of Seaton Delaval his
two-thirds of one-third of Newshani for one year only. Marquis of Waterford's MSS. In 1576 he
conveyed the manor of Newsham and land there and at ISlythsnook to James Ogle, Robert Middleton,
Gerard Lawson, and John Fenwick, who probably acted as the trustees of his marriage settlement.
Feet of Fines, Mich. 18 Eliz.

2 14 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Phillis Ogle addressed a claim to the Council of the North for enforce-
ment of covenants contained in the lease.' The dispute possibly turned
upon Mrs. Ogle's claim to Newsham-hall ; she does not appear to have
been legally entitled to retain the house after her second marriage ; and
this assumption is supported by the fact that, on August 25th, 1603,
indemnity was given to the defendants in the suit by Thomas Cramling-
ton IV. and by the trustees of his marriage settlement, with whom the
reversion of the disputed premises lay."

Lancelot Cramlington iiad died in 1602. Under the terms of a familv
settlement made on August 6th, 1600, (i) Lancelot Cramlington's whole
estate in Newsham and Blythsnook devolved upon his widow, Mary
Cramlington ; (2) on the death of Phillis Ogle in 1606, one-half of the
manor descended to Thomas Cramlington IV., son and heir of the said
Lancelot, Mary Cramlington taking the other half for her life ; (3) when
Thomas Cramlington died in 1624, his mother being then still living and in
possession of half of Newsham, one-third of the manor came to Grace,
widow of Thomas Cramlington, and one-sixth to their son, Robert
Cramlington ; (4) upon the death of Mary, widow of Lancelot Cramlington,
the manor was redivided, one third falling to Robert Cramlington, and
two thirds to his mother for her dower, ^

The owners of Newsham were professed Roman Catholics, and it is
therefore not surprising that Robert Cramlington should have taken the king's
side in the Civil War. Something is learned of him from a letter-writer
on board the Parliamentarian frigate Aiiti/opc, which put in under Tyne-
mouth castle on May 24th, 1643, and captured two corn-ships from Lynn.

That night we had a well-wisher who stole off in a boat and gave us intelhgence of a great papist
that lived about a mile north from the castle, within half a mile off the shoare. The house I knew well,
and the owner thereof, one Mr. Cramlington of Newsham, who had made ready halfe a dozen horses and
men to goe to the earle of Newcastle's army. Whereupon I animated the captaine to prevent his
goinge ; and likewise I undertook to be their guide. So about twelve a clocke at night we armed four
score men, well provided, whome we landed on the shoare, and thence marcht up in order unto the house,
and, placing our centinels round about it, we repaired first to the stable, thinking to make all sure there;
but we found not onely all the horses gon, but the gentleman himselfe, the day before. After some
opposition, we entred the house, but found no ammunition at all therein, whereupon our souldiers
plundered it, and so returned on ship-board.'

' Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of .Antiquaries.

- Marquis of Watcrford's MSS.

' Chancery Inq. p.m. 2nd series, vol. cccxxxvii. No. 78 ; vol. ccccx.xxii. No. 120.

'A True Rdation of the Very Good Service done by the Aniihpe, cited by Mr. C. S. Terry in
Arch. Ael. 2nd series, \ol. .xxi. p. 14S.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP.

215

CRAMLINGTOiN OF NEWSHAM.

Arms : Bany of six^ argent and acuii' ; itt c/iir-/ //irc'c- annuirls of thi' last. St.
George's Visitation of Norlhumlifrlamt, 1 61 5.

George Cr.'MWLIngton, died seised of the manor of Newsham (</). =

I
John Cramlington, son and heir of George
Cramlington of Nevvsham, had a release,
32 Hen. VI. (1453-1454) of lands in
that place from John Delaval (</) ; died

,v./. (,/).

Thomas Cramlington, brotherand
heir, party to son's marriage
settlement, 4 Hen. VII. (1488-
1489) (rf) ; died seised of the
manor of Newsham (r/) («).

George Cramlington = Eleanor, daughter of Gawcn Ogle of Choppington (rf),
of Newsham (</). articles before marriage, 4 Hen. VII. (1488-1489) (</).

Thomas Cramlington of News-
ham (rf) ; had a release of
Newsham from Sir John Dela-
val, 20th July, 1537; will dated
7th July, 1550 (o).

Agnes [o) or Anne, daughter of
William Lawson of Raskelf((/) ; had
a third part of Newsham assigned
to her by her son George ((?) ; died
30th September, 1558 (0).

I
Arthur Cramling-
ton, mentioned
in the will of his
nephew, George
Cramlington (0).

William Cramlington, to
whom Isabel Ogle of
Bothal, 24th January,
'539i g^ve a moiety of
Thrunton tithes (J), -i.

George Cramlington of Newsham, son and heir (fl') ; will
dat'ed iSth June, 1551 (o) ; died 20th June, 1551 (0) ;
buried at Whalton (0) ; inquisition taken loth April,
1565 (0).

Phillis, daughter of John Ogle of Ogle castle fi/) ; married
second, Edward Delaval, and thirdly, John Ogle of Beb-
side {d) ; was residing at Leniington in Edlingham when
she made her will, 22nd June, 1606 (/) ; died same year.

Geoffrey Cram- Thomas Cramlington of Newsham (rf), son and =^ Anne, daughter of Sir John

lington, men- heir, stated to be 13 years of age in 1565 (0) ; will Delaval of Seaton Delaval,

tioned in his dated 26th February, 1572/3 (;)); to be buried in the knight (</) ; she married

father's will chapel of Seaton Delaval; died 28th March, 1573 ; second, Robert Lewin of

{p). inquisition taken l6th May, 1573 (/). Newcastle («).

I
Agnes, men-
tioned in her
father's will

Lancelot Cramlington (</) of Blyth-Nook, to whom his father
gave a farmhold in West Sleekburn for life (0) ; uncle and
heir of Thomas Cramlington of Newsham (</) ; was 40 years of
age in 1 573 ( f) ; party to fines for the manor of Newsham in
1576 and 1600; buried 14th September, 1602 (a) ; inquisition
taken 13th .\pril, 1613, and again 3rd September, 1622 ((/).

Mary, daughter Lamwell Cramlington, to whom

of John Ogle his father gave BIyth-Xook for

((/) of Bebside life (0) ; living loth April, 1565

(/) ; living at (0).

Newcastle in PHizabeth, living unmarried 7th

1626 (?-)■ Jul}'' 155° (")■

Thomas Cramlington of Newsham, son and heir (rf) ; aged 32 m
1613 (y) ; entered his pedigree at the Heralds' Visitation in
1615 («') ; by inquisition taken 17th January, l623'4, he proved
that he was of full age at the time of his father's death (»;) ;
died at Newsham 28th May, 1624 (r) ; buried I2th June, 1624
(a) ; Inq. p.m. taken 30th August, 1626 (;•).

Grace, daughter of Robert
Lawson of Cramlington
((/) (;;;) ; marriage settle-
ment, 6th .August, 1600
(7) ; buried 21st F'ebru-
ary, 1649 50 («).

I
James Cramlington
((/), mentioned in
settlement of 6th
August, i6cx) {(f)
[buried 8th October,
1623 (5)].

Robert Cramlington of Newsham, son and heir,
was 14 years of age in 1615 (r/) ; took part in
the Civil War, his name being inserted in the
third Act for Sale in 1652 (/) ; [buried 23rd
January, 1649/50 ((f)\.

I ^ III

Thomas Cram- Elizabeth, born before 14th September, 1602

lington, born (m).

before 1615 Barbara (r/), born before 14th September, 1602

((/). {nf) \ married Bertram Liddell of Heaton (/;).

Dorothy (/;), [wife of Robert Loraine of Walker].

Philip Cramlington of Newsham, for which he was rated in 1663 at ^
^200 per annum ; living 7th June, 1695 (^). |

I
Dorothy, died at Newsham ; buried loth
March, 1649/50 (a).

2l6

EARSDON CHAPELRY.

John Cramling^ton, son and
heir, joined his father in
mortgage of Newsham, 2Ist
January, 1677/8; living26th
Jannar^', 16S0/1 (^g) ; dead
iiefore 7lh June, 1695 (^).

I
Margaret [ He- =Henry Cranilington of Newsham, living = Frances, widow of Mat-
ron] of New- 36lh January, 1680/1 (;^) ; described as thew Ilammerton of Purs-
castle, bond son and heir in deed, 7th June, 1695 ton-Jaglin, West Riding,
of marriage, (,/^) ; was living at Yorti. 2f)th August, and daughter of Thomas
31st October, 1725, when he conveyeti Xewshani to \^avasour («), bond of
1693. Riiliard Ridley of Newcastle (jf). marriage, 2nd May, 169S.

I
Stephen Cramlington = Isabella,

((/), living at Mor-
wirk (/i) in 1648;
buried 12th August,
1677 (j).

I
Lancelot, baptised
l6lh August, 1631
(/') ; buried 26th
December follow-
ing (/)).

daughter

Forsterof
Fleelham

Ralph Cram-
lington (rf),
living 30th
Aug., 1626
('•)■

John Cramlington ((/) of = [Rachel

Tynemouth (/5), after-
wards of Murton [died
2nd, buried 3rd April,
1666 ('/), in Earsdon
quire (")].

died at
rilyth,bur.
i8th July,
1648 («).]

Mabel (7), married 19th June,
1603, Christopher Prior (a)
of Monksealon ((/); buried
l8th April, 1642 (/-).

Mary (//), married Christo-
pher I)obson (f/).

Elizabeth, baptised l8th December, 1632 (/<) ; married 7th January, 1656/7, William Wood O).
Barbara, baptised 7th June, 1635 (//) [married at Long Floughton, 23rd Oct., 1666, John Salkeld].
Catherine, born at Murton ; baptised 15th July, 1643 (a).

Mary, daughter of John Cramlington of Murton, married 2Ist April, 1645, to Oliver Ogle of
Backworth (a) ; she was living, a widow, in great poverty in 1708 (^).

Lancelot Cramlington of West ^ Jane, widow William Cram-
Hartford and Earsdon (/O.' ad- of Robert lington,* bur.
mitted to Hostmen's Company, Mills (f), at .AH Saints',
2lst Nov., 1705, as a free bui- daughter Newcastle(^) ;
gess ; receiver of the land ta,\ of Captain will dated 6th
for Northumberland and Dur- While (/;), Sept., 1707;
ham ; died s.p. ; buried at All mar. 23rd proved 1708
Saints', Newcastle ; will dated December, (/).
4th March, 1717/8 (z). 1670 {j).

Eleanor, dau. of Tobias Blakiston
of Newton-hall (^), bond of mar-
riage 28th October, 1691 ; she

married second Sowerby,

and died before 15th March,
1725, when administration of
her personal estate was granted
to her son, Lancelot Cramling-
ton of Earsdon (r).

Nicholas Cram-
lington, son of
Stephen Cram-
lington of Mor-
wick, apprenticed
loih Aug., 1649,
to Samuel Raw-
ling of Newcastle,
boothman (i!).

Lancelot Cramlington of ;
Earsdon, baptised at
All Saints', Newcastle,

1692 (A) ; buried

I3thJanuary,I755(«");
will dated 5th March,
1757; proved 1765 (;).

I I .1 M I.

Anne, daughter of Ralph Cram- == Anne, dau. of Blakiston, baptised 15th Februar)', 1704/5

William Whar- lington of Thomas Ho- (j) ; dead before 6th September, 1707.

rier of Birling, London, H'ell of Gildon Frances, married Ambrose Maughling of

bapt. 29th Sept., born in the Down, Salop Newcastle (/;). -i-

1692 (c) ; buried parish of All (/;), and widow Margaret, living 1708 (;).

14th May, 1762 Saints, New- of Richard Mary, living 1708 (;)•

(a). castle (//). Barker. Isabella, living 1708 (j).

William, baptised
2 1st August, 1 72 1
(c) ; buried Ist
April, 1724 (c).

I
Henry Ciamlington of Newcastle
and of Birling, buried 3rd April
1809, aged 86 (c) ; will dated
i8th July, 1808 (;).

Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas
Watson of Warkworth, married
26th April, 1756 (c) ; buried 8th
January, 1804, aged 73 (it)-

. M

W harrier Cramlington,
baptised 23rd January,
1723/4(0) ; buried 15th
June following (a).

Anne, dau. of William
Scott of Newcastle
by his first marriage,
and half-sister to the
earl of Eldon and
Lord Stowell ; mar-
ried iSth May, 1752
(>); died 18th
May, 1764, aged 31

William Cramlington of =
St. Anne's, in the
chapelry of All Saints',
Newcastle, bapt. 25th
May, 1725 (^) ; mayor
of iSjewcastle, 1787 and
1796 ; died 12th May,
1810 O)) ; will dated
2nd July, 1S04 ; proved
1810 0).

: Anne, widow of Lewis Hick
of Newcastle, hostman,
and daughter of William
Lake of Benton, articles
before her second marriage,
25th April, 1772 ; married
at St, John's, Newcastle,
28th April, 1772 ; died
23rd March, 1804, aged 70

I I I

Anne, baptised 4th April 172S (a) ;
married 22nd .April, 1750, Richard
Harrison of Newcastle («), after-
wards of North Shields, brewer

(0- -I'
Hannah, baptised 30th March, 1732
(a) ; buried 30th September, 1733

Isabel, baptised 7th May, 1734 (") J
buried 30th May of same year (a).

William Cramling-
ton, son and heir,
born 17th June,
I76i(/0;died 2Sth
December, 1763.

Isabel, born 19th March, 1753 ; died 2nd March, 1755 (^).

Anne, born 22nd December, 1756 (//) ; married 2nd January, 1779 (/), John Crichloe Turner, who

was knighted in 17S6 ; she died, s.p., Ilth November, 1815.
Elizabeth, born gth January, 1758 ; died l8th of same month (/;).
Jane, born 17th February, 1760 ; died loth March, 1762 (_/i').

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP.

217

I I
William Cramlington of W:irk-
worth, baptised lOlh August,
175^ (0 I buried in Warkworth
church, 27th February, 1839
(c) ; administration of his per-
sonal estate, 5lh January, 1830

(0-

Henry Cramlington of Newcastle,
baptised 26th January, 1763 (c) ;
mayor of Newcastle, I.S05, 1815,
1824; died 22nd May, 1844;
buried in Warkworth church.

III

Lancelot Cramlington of
VValbottle, baptised 24th
October, 1764 (c) ; buried
6th January, 1803, aged 39
(c), in Warkworth church.

John Cramlington, baptised
8th February, 1769 (c) ; a
marinei' ; died at I^onibay,
December, 1799 (_i).

Thomas Cramlington, bap-
tised 6th September, 1773
(c) ; died s./i.

Mill

Margaret, baptised 24th October, 1760 (c) ; buried
in Warkworth church, 14th September, 1837 (c).

Elizabeth, baptised 24th November, 1766 (c) ;
buried in Warkworth church, 15th January,
1778 (0. . , .

Anne, baptised 2nd June, 1772 (c) ; buried m
Warkworth church, 13th September, l853-(c).

Hannah, baptised 3rd August, 1774 (c) ; buried in
Warkworth church, February, 1S47 (c).

Alice, baptised 27th August, 1776 (c) ; buried in
Warkworth church, 14th August, 1855 (c) ; will
dated 6th September, 1852 ; proved 1855 (z).

((z) Earsdon Register.
(Jt) Tynemoitth Registers.

(d) St. George's Visitation of Northumherhnd in

1615, ed. Foster.

(<) Durham Wills, Surt. Soc. No. 2, p. 1 1 5.

(/) //'id. No. 38, p. 130.

(if) Quarter-Sessions Records.

(/5) Pedigree of Cramlington by Bigland, Somer-
set Herald, 1763 ; cf. .irch. .-lei. vol. -xix.
pp. I-13.

(?) Durham Prohate Registry.

(/) A // Saints' Register, Newcastle.

(Jj) Monumental Inscription, All Saints', Newcastle.

(i) Newcastle Courant, nth October, 1800.

(/) Welford, Royalist Compositions, pp. x.xxiii. 178.

irn) Proofs of Age, .Arch. .Ael. vol xxiv. p. 127.

(;i) M.arquis of Waterford's MSS.

(0) Chancery Inq. p.m. vol. cxlii. No. 95.

(/) IHd. vol. clxv. No. 138.

(cj) Ibid. vol. cccxxxvii. No. 78, and vol. cccxciii. No. 164.

(r) Iliid. vol. ccccxxxii. No. 120.

(i) Morpeth Registers.

(J) Newcastle Merchant .Adventurers, vol. ii. p. 270.

(a) Dugdale's I 'isitation of Yorkslnre, 1 666, ed. Clay, p. 27.

(ill) Viscount Ridley's deeds.

* In the pedigree of the family drawn up by Bigland, Somerset Herald, Lancelot Cramlington of West Hartford
and William Cramlington of Newcastle are asserted to be sons of Stephen Cramlington of Morwick and grandsons
of Lancelot Cramlington of BIyth-nook. The pedigree was prepared in the lifetime of Lancelot Cramhngton of
Earsdon, son of the above-mentioned William Cramlington, and therefore, in default of positive evidence to the
contrary, Bigland's statement may be accepted as correct \ but the length of the generations is unusual.

EvinENCES TO CR.'iMLINGTON PEDIGREE.

1551, June iSth. Will of George Cramlington of Neusham. In the name of God, amen. The xviij"' of June, in
the yeare of our Lord God 1551, I, George Cramlyngton, hole of mynde and memorie, makethe my testament and last
will in maynor and forme hereafter followinge. Firste, I geve and bequethe my sowele to God Almyghtie and to oure
Ladie saincte Marye and to all the blessed compennye of Heaven, and my bodye to be buried in the churche of
Whalton where it shall please my frendes. Item, I geve and bequethe to my ouncle Arther Cramlyngton iiij°'' kyee.
Item, I geve and bequethe to George Bulman a blacke bumbeseary doblet. Item, I geve to Henrye Hutcheson my
servaunte fowre yowes, and to my servaunt Richerde Pawterson ij" yowes. Item, I geve to John Wayke iiij'"' yowes.
Item, I geve to my sonn Jeffraie Cramlyngton iiij"' yowes. Item, to my sonn Thomas Cramlington iiij"' yowes. Item,
to my dowghter Agnes Cramlyngton ij° yowes. Item, I maike Henrye Ogle and my wif Philis Cramlington my full
executores. And to Henry Ogle I geve iiij"' oxen and iiij"' kyee, a blacke jackette, a doblet of leed taffataie, a pare of
yallaye hoose, and so he therwith be contented for his parte. The reste of all my goodes bothe landes and all thinges
with all commodities therto belongeinge, as fer furthe as the lawe will permit, I geve to my wif Philis and hir chielde if
God sende hir one ; and if it chaunce that shee have no chielde, then I wyll that shee have all suche landes with the
commodites thereto belonginge as I may geve hir by the lawe, and to sytte in ye stone howse duringe her wedowheed.
Item, I maike my father-in-lawe supervisor of this my present will, to se that althinges within be perfurmed and
ordored accordinge to my will ; these beinge wytnesses of this my presente wyll, John Ogle of Ogle castell, Stephen
Halliden, clarke, vicor of Stannyngton, William Lee, Robert GaUon[e] with other moo. Chancery Inq. p.m. 2nd
series, vol. cxlii. No. 95.

1600, August 6th. Settlement made upon the marriage of Thomas Cramlington, son and heir of Lancelot Cram-
lington of New^sham, with Grace, daughter of Robert Lawson of Cramlington, gent. Upon payment of £1^0 by the
said Robert, the said Lancelot agrees to convey to Ralph Lawson of Burgh in the county of Yorkshire, esq., and to
William Fenwick of Blagdon in the county of Northumberland, gent., and to their heirs, the manor of Newsham and
lands in Newsham and Blythsnook to hold to the following uses ; to wit the third part of Newsham and the premises
at Blythsnook to the use of the said Lancelot and .Mary his wife for life; with successive remainders to the said Thomas
Cramlington for life, to Grace Lawson for life as part of her jointure, to the heirs male of the said Thomas ; to James

Vol. IX.

2l8 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

Ci;iinliii^Lon, second son of the said Lancelot, and lo his heirs male ; to Stephen Cramlington, the third son, and to his
heirs male ; to Ralph Cramlington, the fourth son, and to his heirs male ; to John Cramlington, the fifth son, and to
his heirs male ; and to the right heirs of the said Thomas Cramlington for ever. And as to the two parts of Newsham
held by Phillis Ogle for life, upon trust to hold the reversion of half of one of those third parts lo the use of the said
Lancelot Cramlington and Mary his wife for life, with successive remainders to Thomas Cramlington and to his heirs
male, to the other four sons of Lancelot Cramlington and to their heirs male, and to the right heirs of the said Thomas
Cramlington for ever ; and upon further trust to hold the reversion of the other half of one of those third parts to the
use of Thomas Cramlington and his heirs male, with successive remainders to the other four sons of Lancelot Cram-
lington and to their heirs male, and with ultimate remainder to the right heirs of the said Thomas Cramlington. And
the reversion of the other full third part of the manor of Newsham shall be to Thom;is Cramlington for life, with
successive remainders to Grace Lawson for life as residue of her dower ; to the heirs male of the said Thomas ; to the
other four sons of the said Lancelot and to their heirs male ; and to the right heirs of the said Thomas Cramlington
for ever. The feoffees and their heirs shall stand seised of the aforesaid tenements upon trust to pay five pounds
yearly to each of the younger sons of Lancelot Cramlington for life, after the death of Phillis Ogle and the said
Lancelot, the annuities to be charged upon the lands in the tenure of the said Lancelot and Mary ; and they shall
further stand seised of the third part of the manor, now in the tenure of the said Lancelot for life, upon trust to pay to
Mabel Cramlington and to Mary Cramlington the sum of two hundred marks. The premises shall be discharged
of all former grants and sales made by the said Lancelot for term of life of Phillis Ogle, a lease already made of part
of the premises to Robert Lawson always excepted. An annuity of ten marks due to Ann Lewen for life, now paid by
the said Phillis Ogle, shall hereafter be paid by the said Lancelot Cramlington and Thomas Cramlington. Chmuery
Iiiq. p.m. 2nd series, vol. cccxxxvii. No. 78.

Robert Cramlington died in the month of January, 1649/50. On
November 2nd, 1652, his name was inserted in the third Act for Sale of
Estates forfeited for Treason, but only a portion of his estate appears
to have been put up for sale. Ralph Milbanke contracted, on August
31st, 1653, for the purchase of Newsham-hall and of all lands belonging
thereto, in the occupation of Anthony Loraine,' as well as of a rabbit-
warren in the occupation of James Sutton, late parcel of the estate of
Robert Cramlington ; and ten days later the treason trustees made the
requisite order for sale.'' Milbanke appears to have subsequently trans-
ferred the property that he had purchased to the representatives of Robert
Cramlington, for whom he may have acted as agent. Philip Cramlington
is entered as sole owner of Newsham in the rate book of 1663.^ But
fines for recusancy and delinquency had impoverished the estate ; and, on
June 6th, 1695, Philip Cramlington and Henry Cramlington, his son and

' Anthony Loraine of Newsham may be identified with Anthony, son of Robert Loraine of Walker,
who died November 21st, 1669. and was buried at Long Benton. By his wife, Frances, he left surviving
issue, namely, two daughters, Jane and Grace. Hodgson, Norlhumhcrland, pt. ii. vol. i. p. 249. In
1657/8, ' Mistres Elsebeth Lorrains, daughter to Mr. Anthony Lorains of Newsham, was baptised at
Newsham by Master William Henderson, minister of the Gospel to the parish of Earsdon, being
Thursday, February 2nd.' Earsdon Register. See also above, p. 20. He was probably a kinsman of
the Cramlingtons, for on December i6th, 1675, letters of administration of the goods of Mary
Cramlington of the parish of Long Benton, spinster, were granted to John Loraine of the city of York,
gent., nephew of the deceased. Arch. Aet. 2nd series, vol. xix. p. 4, note.

"' Welford, Royalist Compositions, Surt. Soc. No. iii, p. 178 ; Rovalist Composition Papers, P.R.O.
vol. G. 18, p. 884.

^ Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 251.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 21C)

heir, made sale of Newsham and Blythsnook to Ralph Brandling of
Felling and Nathaniel Wyersdale of London, draper, subject to an annual
rent charge of twenty pounds payable out of Newsham demesne to Mary,
wife of Joseph Huddleston of Newcastle.' One thousand pounds of the
purchase money remained unpaid, and, as security for that sum, Brandling
and Wyersdale leased half of the premises to the vendors.^ The Cram-
lingtons thus still maintained their connection with Newsham, although no
longer owners of the freehold.

About the same time as the sale of Newsham, Brandling and Wvers-
dale had acquired an interest by mortgage in the manors of Plessey and
Shotton. These they conveyed on January r3th, 1 699/1 700, to Colonel
Thomas Radcliffe of Dilston, younger brother of the first earl of Der-
wentwater.' Newsham was also sold by them to Colonel Radcliffe, pro-
bably on the same date.' By indenture dated February 19th, 1 699/1 700,
Henry Cramlington of Newsham confirmed Radcliffe in the possession of
Newsham and .South Blyth, with reservation of the thousand pounds pre-
viously mentioned.'*

Colonel Radcliffe died at Douai on December 29th (n.s.), 17 15, having
made his will on June 30th, 1705, whereby he devised all his real estate
to his sister. Lady Mary Radcliffe, for life, with remainder to his nephew,
James, earl of Derwentwater." On April 19th, 1717, Lady Mary Radcliffe
registered her estate at Newsham as follows :

Neusham. A messuage and lands called Dlythes Nook farm leased to William Silvertop" by Thomas
Errington' and Thomas Radcliffe, deceased, at /40 a year. A messuage and three closes called the

' Mary Huddleston was daughter of John Emerson of Newcastle, merchant adventurer, and mayor
of that town in 1660. Welford. 5/. Nicholas Church, vol. ii. p. 59. The annuity was a composition for
a lease of the demesne made on January 21st, 1677/8, to Joseph Huddleston for his wife's lifetime.

- Enrolment hook penes the clerk of the peace. '' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 298.

' 'The manor of Newsham is said in the deed of purchase of Plessey to have been purchased by the
said Thomas Radcliffe of the same persons he purchased Plessey, but no deeds of purchase were laid
before the commissioners, so that the time when he m.ade the purchase or what he gave for Newsham
doth not appear.' Forfeited Estates Papers, R. 9. According to Warburton Colonel Radcliffe ' purchased
the estate from a society of London merchants, who had purchased it expecting to make great
advantage.' Duke of Northumberland's MS.S. Brandling and Wyersdale appear to have been
promoters of a joint stock company referred to in the following chapter on the coal trade. Spearman
erroneously states that Newsham was purchased, after sequestration, by the city of London, and sold
to Colonel Radcliffe.

' Enrolment hook penes the clerk of the peace. '■ Forfeited Est.ates Papers, R. 6 and 9.

■ William Silvertop of iMinsteracres was at this time employed by William, Lord Widdrington, as
agent for the Plessey colliery and Blyth salt works. Forfeited Estates Papers, W 37 a. For a pedigree
of his family see vol. vi. of this work p. 215.

' A branch of the Errington family appears to have been settled at this time in Newsham. The
Earsdon register records the burials of the following members of the family: 1732, May 28th, George
Errington of Newsham; 1747/S, March 20tb, Phillis Errington of Newsham; 1758, October 24th,
John Errington of East Newsham ; 1767, January 24th, William Errington of Newsham.

220 EARSDON CHAPELRY.

VVariener's closes in Newsliani, and the coney warren there,' leased as above to Edward Watts at
^35 a year. The messuages and lands called Cuthbertson's farm and Cresswell closes in Newsham,
leased as above to John Clark at ^38 a year. All the mansion-house and demesne of Newsham in
possession of Margaret Robinson, widow,- without lease at ^36 a year. The messuage and lands called
the Link-house " leased as above to Francis Weldon at ^go a year. The south-west farm in Newsham
half let to John Liddell and half to Edward Mitford, without lease and each at £1(3 a year ; total £y2 a
year. The Great West farm let by lease made as before to John Farkap and John Chicken at £^2
a year. Jubb's house and close let at £2 a year. Newsham fishery in the sea let at £4 los. a year.
House, stable and bake-house on the south side of the wagonway ' let at 25s. a year. The Field-house
and garth let at 5s. a year. Potter's house let at 5s. a year. Ward's house let at 5s. a year.

Out of which rents are allowed for keeping half a light horse, £^. To the Royal Aid Cess,
£62 15s. To tenants for limestone and coal, yearly, £\^ 12s. To John Sandford for his wife's lifetime,
^20.' To Henry Cramlington, £i<) i8s. lod., which /20 and /19 i8s. lod. are the interest of
^665 14s. 2d. due to the said Henry Cramlington and charged upon the said lands, etc., of Newsham."

Consequent upon the Derwentwater forfeiture in the rebellion of
1 71 5, the coniniissioners for forfeited estates made seizure of the lands in
Newsham, Plessey, Shotton and Nafferton, formerly belonging to Colonel
Radcliife, of which the late earl of Derwentwater had the reversion.
Lady Mary Radcliffe's life interest was disallowed on the ground that her
brother's will had been made since the statute of ii and 12 William III.,
and that she, being a papist, was consequently disabled from taking lands
by that devise.' Her estate was advertised for sale on July iith, 1723,'
and found ready purchasers in Matthew White of Newcastle and his son-
in-law, Richard Ridley of Blagdon. Newsham was still burdened with

' A rabbit-warren is included in the extents of Newsham taken in the years 1551, 1565 and 1573, and
two 'cony-netes' occur in the inventory of the goods of John Ogle of Newsham made in 1586; see
above, p 213.

- Margaret Robinson, widow, may perhaps be identified with the eldest daughter of Edward Delaval
of Dissington and mother of Susanna, Lady Delaval. A certain Madame Errington is slated to have
been in occupation of the mansion in 1715. Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 15, note.

■' The Link-house, a substantial brick building placed near the seashore, at the mouth of the small
runner that flows past Newsham, was occupied in 16S3 by Nicholas Lewin, afterwards of Bamburgh.
See above, p. 20. Francis Welton, its tenant in 1717, was a Roman Catholic, and had been presented,
two years earlier, for refusing to take the oath of allegiance. Wallace, History of Blyth, p. m.
A few years later William Silvertop moved hither from South Blyth. The house then became for
many years the residence of members of the Ridley family, and it was probably by Nicholas Ridley,
who died there in 1751, that the present mansion was built. Ibid. p. 39; Hodgson, Northumberland,
pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 325, 326. During the first half of the nineteenth century the house was tenanted by
the Rev. Robert Greenwell, minister of Blyth chapel, who kept a school there. It is marked on
Kitchen's map of Northumberland, printed in 1730.

' An account of this (Plessey) wagonway is given below in the chapter on the coal trade of the
district.

''John Sandford voted for his freehold in Newsham at the election of 169S. MS. poll book />(■;)«
the marquis of Waterford.

' Roman Catholic Register />£«« the clerk of the peace, No. 58.

' Payne, Records of English Catholics of 1715, pp. 102-103.

" Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 340-341. The rental there printed reproduces, for the
most part, the particulars registered in 1717, but adds a rent of £\cx> paid by Robert Wright and John
Spearman for a staith at Blyth.

NEWSHAM TOWNSHIP. 22 1

the annuity of twenty pounds payable to Mary Huddleston, then the
wife of John Sandford, as well as with ;^666 13s. 4d., parcel of the
thousand pounds purchase money due to Henry Crainlington, only one-
third part of that sum having been paid by Colonel Radcliffe. On August
26th following, White and Ridley came to terms with Cramlington, who
had meanwhile left Newsham to take up his residence at York. They
agreed to continue the annuity of twenty pounds to Mrs. Sandford, and
commuted the sum due to Henry Cramlington for an annuity of fifty
pounds.'

White's interest in the premises descended to his son, Sir Matthew
White, and was devised by him, in 1755, to his brother-in-law, Matthew
Ridley of Heaton, from whom the Newsham and Blyth property has come
in lineal succession to the present Viscount Ridley.

After the Cramlingtons had finally abandoned their connexion with
Newsham, their mansion became a farmhouse upon the Ridley estate. It
stood on the site of Newsham North farm, on the north side of the road
leading inland from the Link-house and at the east end of the present
hamlet of South Newsham. Unhappily it was demolished about the year
1880, and little information can be gathered respecting its architectural
features. Warburton, writing about the year 1720, describes it as 'an
ancient structure but something ruinous.'^ So far as can be ascertained,
the hall was a plain structure of si.xteenth century date. The main building
was two stories in height, and was flanked at one end by the pantry, and at
the other by the dairy, which communicated with the stables and other farm
buildings at the rear of the house.

Inasmuch as the history of the township during the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries is almost entirely associated with the development of
the port of Blyth, it is convenient to reserve its treatment for the final
chapter of this volume.

' Enrolment book pfiics the clerk of the peace. Henry Cramlington is described, in 171 5, as of
Huddleston in the North Riding, and as being in possession of an estate valued at ^,'122 los. yearly,
comprising property in Leeds and an annuity out of Featherston in the West Riding, held in right of
Frances his wife. Payne, English CatlwUc Non Jurors, p. 311. For further particulars relatmg to the
Cramlington family see 'Notices of the Family of Cramlington of Cramlington and Newsham,' by Mr.
J. C. Hodgson, in Arch. A el. 2nd series, vol. xi.x.
' ' Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

HORTON CHAPELRY.

The cliapelry of Horton forms a portion of the ancient ecclesiastical
parish of Woodhorn, in which are also included the chapelries of New-
bigging and Widdrington. Originally a fourth chapelry, that of Chevington,
was dependent upon Woodhorn, but became detached, probably before the
year 1174, and was annexed to Warkwurtli.' Inasmuch as Horton chapelry
is separated from the rest of the parish by the intervening franchise of
Bedlington, it mav perhaps be inferred that Bedlington likewise, prior
to its purchase for the congregation of St. Cuthbert by Bishop Cutheard
(899-915)," belonged to Woodhorn, and that, in the first instance, Wood-
horn parish embraced the whole district between Horton and Hadston
and extended along one fourth of the coast of Northumberland.

Horton chapelry has an area of 5,559 acres and comprises the five
townships of Horton, West Hartford, East Hartford, Bebside and Cowpen.
On the north side it abuts upon the river Blyth, from Blyth gut (a
reclaimed backwater or ' slake ' in the heart of the modern town of Blyth)
to Hartford bridge, where the river, at a point some six miles distant
from its mouth, is crossed bv an old highwav leading from Newcastle to
Bedlington. A mile's stretch of this road divides the chapelry from
Stannington parish on the west. Where the Bedlington road is crossed
by the North Eastern main line, Horton meets with Cramlington chapelry,
which intrudes into, and bounds, it on the south and south-west, while
the townships of Seaton Uelaval and Newsham in Earsdon chapelry furnish
an equally artificial eastern limit.

In the course of a centurv the population of this district has multiplied
twenty-fold, a growth due in part to the natural development of the port of
Blyth, but primarilv owing to the extension of the coal trade described in
the following pages.

' See vol. V. of this woik, p. 384.

■ ' Historia de Sancto Cuilibeito ' in Symam oj Durhajn, Rolls Series, vol. i. p. 208.

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 223

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE.

The district surrounding Hlyth possesses tiic same natural advantages
for mining as Tynemouthshire. Geologically, it consists of coal measures
overlaid by boulder clay, and is a repetition of the northern portion of
Tynemouthshire, already described in the preceding volume of this series.

Its surface is level and wind-swept, but, scenically uninteresting as it
is, it forms a land well adapted for mining operations and the construc-
tion of the railways necessary for that industry. Underground, the coal
seams, dipping seawards from their outcrops in the western portion of the
district, are found on its eastern edge at comparatively moderate depths
and are free from any serious faults or mining difficulties Practically
the whole of the seams of the North of England coalfield are met with,
from the Moorland (about twenty-one fathoms above the High Main) to
the Brockwell, which is found at Cowpen, the deepest colliery in the
Blyth district, one hnndred and seventy-four fathoms below the surface.
Those best known and most generally worked are the High Main, Grey
or Main Coal, Yard, Bensham, Stone Coal or Five Quarter, Low Main,
Plessey and Beaumont, beneath which the Busty and Brockwell have been
proved but remain as yet untouched.

Passing northwards from the Tyne, the character of the seams changes
greatly, the house and gas coals of the Tyne area being replaced by the
well known steam coal which forms the staple trade of the Blyth district.
To this difference in the nature of the coals the long interval separating
the development of the Tyne and Blyth coalfields was due, domestic re-
quirements affording the Tvne a widespread market many years before
the introduction of steam power gave the northern district its long delayed
opportunity for expansion.

The earliest record of mines in Cowpen is contained in the T\uc-
moiith Chaj-tiilary, according to which the mines of Cowpen were held
from the convent of Tynemouth by Robert, son of Alan of Cowpen, in
the year 131 5.' Salt pans in Cowpen were granted at the close of the
twelfth century to the monks of Brinkburn ;- Tynemouth priory had salt

' Memorandum quod remittitur Roberto filio Alani de Copuni ij marce et dimidia quas debuit solvisse
ad Pascham anno supradicto (9 Edw. II.) pro carbonariis de Copun. ita quod solvat ij niarcas et dimidiam
ad festum sancti Michaelis. Tytiemonth Chartulary, fol. 16S.

' Brinkburn ChnrtiiLiry, Surt. Soc. No. 90, pp. 154-160.

224 HORTON CHAPELRY.

pans in the same place in 1323;' and coal was, no doubt, worked in
conjunction with them from upper seams lying at shallow depths near
the river Blyth, on the north side of which, namely, in Bedlingtonshire,
the convent of Newminster^ also possessed salt pans and coal mines which
they leased up to the time of the dissolution.

In 1535, the prior and convent of Tynemouth leased to Nicholas
Mitford and John Preston 'one colle pitt with ij pykez to be wrowth at
the said pytt ' in the fields of Bebside and Cowpen for seven years,' and
in 1538 to Richard Benson of Durham two salt pans, 'with the garners
and housyng thereto appurtenyng,' situate on the river of Blyth in the
lordship of Cowpen for forty-one years, together with half a ' coole pytte '
in the fields of Cowpen and Bebside, so long as mine lasted, for the use
of two salt pans, with wayleave and stayleave over the fields of Cowpen
and Bebside/

After the dissolution of the monastery in 1539, the salt pans and coal
pits were leased by the Crown to various individuals. In 1554 Thomas
Bates took a lease of two salt pans and two coal pits which was renewed
in 1574.^ Another lease was granted in 1555 to John Preston of one coal
mine with two ' lez pickes,"' which was renewed in 1573 to Thomas
Preston, his son,' and again in IS9~-^ The lease included a covenant to
serve the queen with horse and armour when required.

About this time the Percy family held property in Cowpen, formerly
in possession of the Harbottles, and, in 1551, Dame Eleanor Percy leased
three salt pans on the south side of the river at ' Cammosse-ford,' with coal
mines for them, to Thomas Harbottle of Horton." These were subsequently
leased by the Crown in 1576, after the attainder of the seventh earl of
Northumberland, to Ralph Harbottle with wayleave and wood from the
queen's woods for timbering the pits.'"

The produce of the mines seems at this period to have been almost
wholly consumed in the manufacture of salt, for which the river gave an
outlet to the various markets down the east coast, at Yarmouth, where it

' Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 33 b. ' Newminstcr Chartnlary, Surt. Soc. No. 66, pp. 45, 47, etc.

' Land Revenue Enrolments, vol. clxxiii. fol. 210 d. ' Ibid. fol. 189.

' Augmentation Office, Enrolments of Leases, 17 Eliz. roll 13, No. 2.

° Land Revenue Enrolments, vol. clxxxvii. p. 201. ' Ibid.

" Augmentation Office, Transcripts of Leases, 34 Eliz. No. 45.

' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. '" Patent Roll, 18 Eliz. pt. 5.

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COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 225

was used for herring curing, and in the Humber and elsewhere. Hartley
was also a large salt-producing village at the time, shipping part of its
output at Blyth. The works at Hartley were the property of Sir Robert
Delaval, who, in 1576, extended his operations and became the tenant of
the pans and mines at Blyth' formerly the property of Newminster abbey.
These had been leased by the Crown after the dissolution to Richard
Tyrrel of London in 1546,^ passing from his hands into those of Sir Thomas
Grey in 1547^ before they were assigned to Delaval.'

The general system of leasing by the Crown appears to have consisted
roughly in the allotment to each lessee of two salt pans with a coal pit,
the coal lease being one of so many picks or men's work without any
boundaries being set out. The lessees had the right to sink pits where
they chose, with liberty of ' vvayleave and stayleave,' the area worked by
each pit being regulated by an old custom agreed upon by the ' farmers
of the queen's coal mines,' to the effect that ' every farmer's pitmark should
be distant from one another thirty fathom to the rise of the coal, Fifteen
fathom to the descent of the coal, and twenty fathom sideways iVom each
side of the pit to be sunk.'* These limits would include nearly one-
and-a-half acres as the ground to be worked by each pit, though whether
they were adhered to seems to be questionable, judging from an old
plan of very little later date, from which it would appear that the shafts
were irregularly placed and at smaller distances apart than those above
mentioned.''

Towards the end of the sixteenth century the working of the Crown
mines seems to have been almost altogether discontinued and the lessees
ceased to pay rent, by reason, as it was alleged, of the ' decay of the
coal mines.' '

In 1595, however, a new departure was made, and in that year the
Crown leased to Peter Delaval, a London merchant, alreadv embarked in
the coal trade at Preston, and Ambrose Dudley, the whole of its coal
mines in the fields of Cowpen and Bebside, with nine salt pans.** Opposi-
tion was made to Delaval and his partners, John Heighlord and Robert
Waldo of London (the assigns of Dudley), by John Preston, a freeholder

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. " Augmentation Office Miscellaneous Books, vol. cc.wii. fol. i8S.

^ Newminster Chartulary, Surt. See. No. 66, p. 311. ' Exchequer Special Commission, No. 4,347.

' Exchequer Depositions, 41 Eliz. Easter, No. 19. " Ibid.

' Ibid. 39 Eliz. Hilary, No. 11. ' Cal. State Papers, Domestic, 1595-1597, p. 16.

\'OL. IX. 29

2 26 HORTON CHAPELRV.

and owner of three salt pans in Cowpen, who asserted that he was the
holder of a lease of two picks under the Crown,' but failed to substantiate
his claim in an action which he brought in 1596.^

Delaval and his partners commenced to develop their property
vigorously. They expended capital in sinking fresh pits and in erecting
new salt pans and repairing the old ones. The pits at this period were
situated on land known as ' Cowpon easte fielde,'' then used as common
land and lately laid down from tillage under the system at that time in
vogue. It may reasonably be assumed that the ground in question lav to
the east of the present village of Cowpen adjoining the river, on the
neighbouring banks of which it appears that four of the salt pans were
placed, the remainder being probably nearer the sea.

The seam worked must have been that known locally as the ' Moorland
seam,' which lies at a depth of about eight fathoms below the surface near
Cowpen village, the cover increasing to about twenty fathoms in the vicinity
of the Cowpen North pit. This is confirmed by the statement made in
the record of the survey of the king's mines in 1621, to the effect that
the pits formerly worked were 'eight or nine fathoms deep, the seam about
seven quarters of bad quality being an open salt-pan coal.' * This seam
produced a coarse class of coal, fitted only for salt making, and unsuited
for the coasting trade in coal which was then chiefly situated on the Tyne.
In 1609 the shipments of coal from Blyth amounted to only 855 tons,'^
and it is evident that the trade of the port was then entirely dependent
on the manufacture of salt, to which coal mining was subsidiary.

The Crown lessees encountered further opposition in their undertaking
in 1599, owing to an attempt made by certain freeholders to work the coal
underlying the strips or ' riggs ' of ground'' which had been held by them
when the land had been in tillage. An action was consequently brought
by Delaval and his partners against John Preston, Richard Preston and
Cuthbert Watson, who had commenced working coal under ' riggs,'
formerly occupied by themselves and other freeholders, carrying away the

' Exchequer Depositions, 39 Eliz. Hilar>', No. 11.

■ Exchequer Decrees and Orders, series i. vol. xxv.

" Exchequer Depositions, 41 Ehz. Easter, No. 19.

' Land Revenue Miscellaneous Books, vol. clxxxvi. fol. ii6d.

' T. J. Taylor in Proc. Arch. Inst. Newcastle, vol. i. p. 178.

' Exchequer Depositions, 41 Eliz. Easter, No. 19.

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 227

produce of their pits over the Crown lands to salt pans owned by John
Preston, and working the coal, as it was alleged, unskilfully and in such
a way as to cause ' danger of water entering the mines of the queen's
fanners and of the roof falling and destroying the mines.' The freeholders
alleged that the Crown had no right to work under their ' riggs ' except
by composition with them.' There is, however, no record to be found of
the result of the controversy, though it seems probable that, with the
exception of the Widdringtons, who had allowed the coal under their riggs
to be worked by the Prestons, and whose rights were based on an alleged
composition with the monastery of Tynemouth (subsequently safeguarded
in the division of the lands of Cowpen in 1619)," the freeholders failed to
make good their claim.

Delaval was unfortunate in his ventures and failed before 1602. His
partners did not continue to carry on the concern and assigned the lease to
Thomas Harbottle of Horton-Stickley,' who in turn appears to have handed
it on to a company of capitalists from the Midlands, consisting of Sir
John Ashburnham of Nottingham, Huntington Beaumont of Bilborough,
near the same town, his brother-in-law Sir Henry Barkeley of Wymondham,
Matthew Saunders of Shankton in Leicestershire, and Richard Paramore.^

The Midland lessees seem to have been as unsuccessful as the
Londoners, and were soon forced to rearrange affairs and to fall back
again on London for further supplies. These were afforded by Edward
Rotherani, alderman, Robert Bowzer and Robert Angell, merchants, of
London, who were to receive 2,000 chalders of coal and the benefit of
two salt pans yearly, Saunders and Paramore guaranteeing the expenditure
of ;^2,ooo on the works in return for a third share of the Ashburnham,
Barkeley and Beaumont interest. No better results followed the efforts
of Saunders and Paramore, as, after spending ' great summes ' on the salt
pans and pits, they were compelled to cease operations and desert the
works two years later.' Their pits were situated both in Cowpen and
Bebside and were connected with the river by means of wooden wagon-
ways,'' apparently the earliest recorded instance of this means of conveyance,
which did not come into general use in the district until considerably
later on in the century.

' Exchequer Depositions, 41 Eliz. Easter No. 19. " Deed of partition, 1619.

' Land Revenue Miscellaneous Books, vol. cxcii. p. 317 d. ' Ihid. vol. cciii. p. 20.

^ Ibid. p. 37. ' Ibid. vol. ccii. fol. 197 d.

228 HORTON CHAPELRY.

After Paramore and Saunders retired, their plant, botii at Bebside
and Cowpen, was appropriated by others. Edward 'Delaval of Bebside,
made free with the 'rayles sett upon the land and ground of Bebside for
five hundred paces on the wagonway on both sides of the way,' while a
similar length of way in Cowpen, together with the keels and other
'utensils and implements,' was taken possession of by John White,
Alexander Osborne and others,' who entered upon the mines as farmers
of the Ashburnham and Beaumont interest and occupied them for a further
period of three years, when they finally ceased to be worked.

The history of the declining days of the local coal and salt industry
at this period has been given in some detail as an instance of the readiness
with which capital from London and the south was then generally secured
in connection with north-country mines. Mining then no doubt, as it has
done ever since, offered the prospect of large returns to the investor, on
whom, in his ignorance of the uncertain and risky nature of the business,
the much talked of successes of the few made a far deeper impression
than the fate of less fortunate speculators.

William Gray, in his Chorographia published in 1649, reflects on
the uncertainty of coal mining in the district and sums up his observations
with the remark that colliery owning constitutes ' a great charge, the profit
uncertain.' Neither did the south-country investor escape his attention,
for he continues : ' Some south gentlemen hath, upon great hope of
benefit, come into this country to hazard their monies in coale-pits.
Master Beamont, a gentleman of great ingenuity and rare parts, adventured
into our mines with his twenty thousand pounds ; who brought with him
many rare engines, not known then in these parts ; as the art to boore with
iron rodds to try the deepnesse and thicknesse of the cole ; rare engines
to draw water out of the pits ; waggons with one horse to carry down
coales from the pits to the staithes to the river, etc. Within few yeares,
he consumed all his money, and rode home upon his light horse.'

It is curious that, beyond the reference in the above well-known pass-
age, no mention has hitherto been discovered of the doings of Beaumont or
Beamont in the district. That his appearance must have taken place early
in the seventeenth century, or sooner, seems to be proved by the fact that
the art of boring was known here as early as 161 5. At that date it does

Land Revenue Miscellaneous Books, vol. ccii. fol. 197 d.

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 2 2g

not appear to have been very generally practised, mention being made in
a letter written in t4iat year by the earl of Northumberland's agent at
Tynemouth' of the difficulty he experienced in olnaining a borer, the
only available one being in the employ of his competitors at Newcastle,
who put off his ' earnest sute ' for help with ' vaine hope.' The same
document contains a note in the earl's handwriting with reference to
boring, to the eiFect that ' they trv in Sussex for iron-myne mutch in the
same fashion.' It is evident therefore that the date at which Huntington
Beaumont became one of the lessees at Cowpen corresponds with that
of the probable introduction of boring into the north, and his identity
with the celebrated individual of the same name seems to be further
accentuated by the fact that wooden wagonways (the 'waggons with one
horse to carry down coales from the pits to the staithes') were established
at Cowpen and Bebside at a date which is evidently much in advance of
their general introduction, a mention of wagonways in 1660 having hitherto
been considered as the first distinct allusion to their use in the district.^
That Huntington Beaumont was identical with Gray's unfortunate
Beamont there seems to be no reason to doubt. The tradition that he
gave his name to the Beaumont seam ^ may point to the probability of
his having had mining interests elsewhere than at Cowpen, which may
have accounted for a part of his supposed losses^ ; but, on the other hand.
Gray, writing at a considerably later date, was evidently uncertain of the
total, as in his corrected proofs he largely reduced the figure he had origin-
ally stated.^ In any case Beaumont appears to have exercised personal
supervision at Cowpen, for he lived at Bebside hall, of which he is
described in 16 iS as having been lately the tenant with Dorothy Delaval
and Edward Delaval." It was probably from that house that he set off on
his ' light horse ' for his home at Bilborough, a mining village near Notting-
ham, where he died at the age of 62 in 1623.' He was a younger son of
Nicholas Beaumont or Beamont, the owner of the Cole-Orton estate in

' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ' Pivc. Arch. Inst. Naccasth; vol. i. p. i8o.

" Galloway, Annals of Coal Mining, p. 152.

' Beaumont also held a lease of coal in Bedlington in partnership with Sir Percival Willoughby,
William Angell, Robert Angell, and Robert Bower. Raine, North Durham, p. 364, note. The two last
named persons were likewise partners with Beaumont in the Cowpen mines.

* Reprint of Chorographia, 1SS3. ' Erumell deeds, No. 33.

' Bilborough Parish Registers. On April 22nd 1624, administration of his goods was granted to his
widow, Joan Beaumont. York Probate Court, Nottingham .^ct Book, p. 4.

230 HORTON CHAPELRY.

Leicestershire,' and, in his day, the hirgest coalowner in llial county, as
well as proprietor of an estate at Bedworth in Warwickshire on which
coal was also worked. Huntington Beaumont must therefore have been
brought up amongst surroundings which influenced his genius for mining.
It is thought that, as his 'rare engines' practically all originated from
Germany, he may have visited that country in his early days, but of this
there is no record to be obtained.

In the survey of the king's coal mines, made in 1621,- it is mentioned
with regard to Cowpen that ' there are no coal pits wrought there,' but
notwithstanding this the Crown continued to let the coal, a lease of the
mines, with four salt pans, being taken by David Errington in 1636 for
twenty-one years.' Errington did not make any use of his lease, and in
the particulars taken by order of the Commonwealth commissioners for the
sale of Crown lands in 1649,'' it is stated that the colliery and salt pans had
been found to be a ' meere wast ' and unoccupied by Errington, who had
paid no rent. The property was sold in 1650,^ though at the Restoration
the sale was treated as invalid and the Crown resumed possession. In 1681
a lease was granted to William Urwyn for thirty-one years,^ a second in
1697 to Edward Hindmarsh of Little Benton for fifteen years,' and a third
in 1737 to Robert Douglas." A small yearly rent was reserved by these
leases with the addition of one-tenth of the profits. No rent, however,
was paid and no mining operations were ever undertaken.

The decay of the coal mines in the Blyth neighbourhood seems to have
been general during the remainder of the seventeenth century. There is,
however, some evidence of shipments having been made during this period,
but the trade can only have been a very limited one, although it was of
sufficient importance to procure the inclusion of Blyth, along with New-
castle and Sunderland, in an ordinance passed in 1643 prohibiting the
export of coal from those ports during the Civil War."

As there is no further trace of coal having been mined at Cowpen until
1 7 10, when Stephen Mitford appears to have been engaged in working on

' Nichols, History of Lekestcrsliirc, vol. iii. p. 744.

" Land Revenue Miscellaneous Books, vol. clxxxvi. fol. ii6d.

' Cat. State Papers Domestic, 1635-1636, p. 305.

■" Parliamentary Surveys, Northumberland, No. 2.

' Particulars for sale of Crown lands, O.i.

" Land Revenue Enrolments, vol. ccvii. fol. 26. ' Ihid. fol. 77.

" Cal. Treasury Books ami Papers, 1735-173S, p. 230. ' House of Lords Journals, vol. v. p. 555.

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 23 1

Mr. Sidney's estate,' it seems probable that the source from which these
supplies were obtained were the small collieries which had already been
established some five miles or more to the west of Blyth in the neighbour-
hood of Plessey. These pits lay near to the outcrop of the lower seams,
from which coal of a better quality than that hitherto found at Cowpen
could be won at little depth, but, through the absence of proper means of
transport, could not be carried readily to the seaboard.

Towards the close of the centurv attention seems to have been turned
to these inland collieries and to Blyth as an outlet for their produce. From
1688 to 1692 was a highly speculative period in the city of London when,
amongst many other joint stock companies, a 'Blyth Coal Company' was
formed.^ About this date the Plessev and Newsham estates were purchased
by Ralph Brandling of Felling and Nathaniel Wyresdale of London,^ who,
there is reason to believe, were acting as agents for a London company
interested in securing Blyth as a convenient place for shipping the Plessey
coal. Their scheme must, however, have fallen through, as not long after-
wards the whole undertaking was made over to Colonel Thomas Radcliffe,'*
who, in 1699, leased Plessey colliery to George Errington of Gray's Inn.*

In 1709 Errington secured from Sir John Delaval a right of wayleave
through his Horton estate for the purpose of leading coals to 'the river of
Blyth or Blythe's Nook"' along the well known 'Plessey wagonway,' which
had been constructed before his tenancy commenced,' and was the means of
establishing Blvth in a firm position as a coal-shipping port. The wagon-
wav was of the then usual wooden type, and is described in 1716 as
extending over a distance of about five and a half miles, terminating in a
'large trunck or gallery to lay coals at the water side and to load ships
from,' near which a quay and two salt pans had been established.* The
remains of the wav from Plessey throusfh Horton are still discernible in
many places, and the road from Newsham to Blyth occupies its site farther
eastwards up to the present staiths at Blyth. The life of the wagonway was
a long one, for it continued to be used as an outlet for the Plessey collieries
until they were finally laid in upwards of 100 years after its formation."

' Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds.

- Macaulay, History oj England, 1st edition, vol. iv. p. 321. ' See above, p. 219. ' Ibid.

* Forfeited Estates Papers, W 37 a. George Errington, son of Nicholas Errington of Ponteland,
was admitted to Gray's Inn on January 27th, 1674/5. Grays Inn Admission Register, p. 320.
' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. ' Forfeited Estates Papers, W 37 a.

' Ibid. P 29. ° Lord Ridley's estate books.

232

HORTON CHAPELRY.

Errington, in 1709, parted with his interest in the undertaking to
William Bowman, a London merchant,' who, with his partners, carried it
on, though with such poor results that, by 1713,^ the control had virtually
passed out of their hands into those of Lord Widdrington, already the owner
of collieries at Stella and Winlaton. Operations at this time were on a very
modest scale, the three small pits at work affording sufficient coal for the
two salt-pans at Blyth and four others' on the opposite side of the river, as
well as 'ship coals' for the export trade ; and, no doubt, the wagonway, with
the new quay and 'trunck,' which had been built in 1715,* was capable of
dealing with larger quantities than the 300 tons of salt and 8,000 tons of coal
which constituted the sea-borne trade of that year.

With the attainder of Lord Widdrington and Colonel Radcliffe's heirs in
consequence of their share in the rising of 171 5, the Plessey and Newsham
estates passed to the Crown, and, in 1722, they were purchased by Richard
Ridley and Company of Newcastle, who took over the working of the
collieries themselves, and appear to have carried on their business with
great spirit, the leadings from Plessey to Blyth amounting to about 58,000
tons in 1723/

Collieries had also been established at West Hartford about this date.
The coal under this estate was purchased in 1689 by Robert Wright of
Sedgefield and John Spearman of Hetton, in the county of Durham,'' who
in 1719 took a way leave lease over Horton from Admiral George Uelaval,
in which it was stipulated that they should ' set apart and dowell out some
convenient place on the south side of the river Blyth within the liberties
of Newsham, wherein they have an estate for building staiths and wharves
for the said West Hartford collieries,' to be used by Admiral Delaval for
the purpose of building a wharf.'

Although no trace of Wright and Spearman's wagonway remains, there
seems to be no reason to doubt that one was constructed and used by
them for shipping coal from West Hartford, part of their plant having been
bought by the Ridleys,- who by 1728 had absorbed the West Hartford
undertaking."

In 1730 Richard and Nicholas Ridley were carrying on an extensive

' Forfeited Estates Papers, W 37 ,1. - Iliid. "/&;./. W 31. ' Ibiii.

' Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 157. ' Lord Ridley's deeds.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. " Wallace, History of Blyth, p. i 56.

' John Ilorsley, hicditcd Contributions to the History of Northumberland, p. 47.

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 233

business at Blyth as general merchants and colliery owners.' They held
command of the whole of the trade from the Plessey and Hartford collieries
and had already extended the quay between the keel and boat docks,
which had been built in 1715.

In 1734 the quantity of coal brought to Blyth from Plessey fell little
short of 80,000 tons; of this about 2,700 tons were sent 'oversea,' the
remainder being shipped coastwise, with the exception of that utilized in
the manufacture of salt. The Ridleys had at this time fourteen salt pans at
work, six of which had been transferred from CuUercoats in 1726, and their
annual output of salt had reached 1,000 tons.'

Towards the close of the seventeenth century Bebside had again
become a field for mining speculators, for in 1692 Thomas Ogle of Bedling-
ton leased his land and collieries there to Sir Richard Neile of Plessey
and John Pye of London, who covenanted not to cease working them
for more than six months, 'unless hindered for want of wind to their mills
and engines, or superfluity of water and styth, or a general obstruction of
the coal trade.' ^ The position of these pits is doubtful, but probably they
were not far from the river, which was used by the lessees as a means
of conveying the produce of the upper and poorer seams to Blyth. In
1702, Ogle sold Bebside to John Johnson, a Newcastle hostman,^ who
presumably continued to work the mines, as, by his will made in 1727,
he left his colliery at Bebside to his son-in-law, Matthew White of Blagdon,
and his daughter, Mary Johnson, as tenants in common.^ Although mention
is made of these mines at later dates, nothing is known of their subsequent
working, and it may be surmised that, through lack of adequate means
of transport and proper shipping facilities, they failed to make headway
and so were discontinued.

During the remainder of the eighteenth century the Ridleys practically
controlled the coal trade at Blyth. They had secured the whole of the
collieries in the Plessey district, where they worked the Low Main seam,
then known as the 'Plessey Main coal,' and were owners of the only
shipping quay at Blyth. Although the small amount of foreign trade which
had existed during the early part of the century dwindled away after
1743'^ in consequence of the increase in the export duties, the coasting trade

' Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 38. ^ Ibid.

" Mansell trustees' deeds. ' Ibid. ^ Ibid. ^ Blyth harbour books.

Vol.. IX. 30

234 HORTON CHAPEI.HV.

continued to afford a steady market for the output of the pits. But the
closing years of the century brought with them the prospect of competition
in the trade. It began by the opening of a small colliery in the neighbour-
hood of Bedlington, the proprietors of which, Messrs. Gatty and Waller,
secured from the bishop of Durham a quay on the north side of the river
near the site of the present Cambois staiths.' Gatty and Waller's colliery,
however, proved a failure, and the quay was bought up by Sir Matthew
White Ridley, who also acquired the colliery and removed the pumping
engine to Plessey, where his mines, then carried to a depth of forty-six
fathoms, were hard pressed by water.^

In 1793 further opposition took place with the commencement of a
colliery on the adjoining estate of Cowpen, the property of the Bowes
family, then represented by Margaret Wanley-Bowes, Thomas Thoroton
and Anne his wife, and the Rev. Robert Croft and his wife Elizabeth.^ In
1782 a borehole had been put down on the estate proving the existence
of the Low Main seam, or Plessey Main coal, at a depth of ninety-two
fathoms from the surface.^

To win this seam so far in advance of the pits then working at Plessey
and at such a greatly increased depth was a considerable undertaking and one
which the lessors were in 1 792 advised must be ' attended with uncertainty,
great difficulty and much expense.'* No doubt, however, the prospect of so
ready a mode of disposing of its produce as was offered by the river, and the
large area of coal which a colliery at Cowpen would command, must have
been a great temptation to anyone who had turned his thoughts towards
such a venture, and, in spite of the prospective difficulties, a winning was
commenced in 1794.'^ The adventurers were Martin Morrison of White-
house, in the county of Durham, Stephen Croft of Stillington near York,
John Clark (already interested in rope-making and shipping at Blyth),
William Row, a Newcastle merchant, Aubone Surtees and John Surtees of
the same town,' the scene of their operations being at the ' A ' pit, near the
present colliery office, which was built at the same time. With the winning
of Cowpen the period of deep mining in the Blyth district may be said

' John Buddie's papers.

' Watson papers, North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers.

' Ibid.

' North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers, Borings and Sinkings, No. 584.

' Watson papers. ■■ [hid. ' Ibid.

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE.

235

to have commenced, and, as it is by far the oldest of the collieries now
working in the district, having at the present date been in continuous
operation for upwards of iio years, some details of its early struggles may
be of interest.

By the beginning of 1795 good progress had been made at Cowpen,
the upper seams had been reached and the pit was being pushed on to
the Low Main,' which was opened out and ready to commence work by

t*.

Cowpen Collierv Office.

May, 1797, the shaft being fitted with a pumping engine and two 'machines'
or winding machines for drawing coal from the Yard and Low Main seams
respectively.^ The colliery was connected by a wagonway with a shipping
place on the river at the ' Flanker,' or mouth of the tidal area, called the
'Gut,' which extended inland as far as Crofton and formed the eastern
boundary of Cowpen township.

' Watson papers.

'' Bell, MS. History of the Coal Trade, North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical
Engineers.

236 MORTON CHAPEI.RY.

It was not an nnusnal practice at this period for colliery lessees to let
the working and leading of the coal to contractors, who fonnd all labour
and stores and were paid at a fixed rate on the coal delivered at the staith.
The colliery commenced regular work on this principle, the first ' under-
takers,' as they were termed, being John Clark, one of the lessees, and three
coal viewers, John Gray of Newcastle, Richard Hodgson of Plessey, and
Richard Smith of Shotton,' the two last named bringing mining experience
gained in the Plessey district to the assistance of the partnership, which was
dissolved four years afterwards,^ the working of the colliery being sub-
sequently carried on by the lessees themselves.

In its early days the colliery seems to have been beset by difficulties.
A market for its produce had to be secured in spite of the opposition of the
loncj-established Plessev collieries with their more convenientlv situated
place of shipment and, as the Blyth trade was then a limited one and mainly
confined to the coast ports, the London market for this class of coal with
its higher prices being to a very large degree in the hands of the Hartley
colliery owners,^ the output which it was possible to secure for Cowpen
must have been quite incommensurate with the standing charges of so deep
a winning.

Like the deeper collieries of the Tyne basin, it had also to face
mining difficulties caused by want of experience in methods of working coal
at increased depths, and by ventilating appliances which were inadequate
for the more extended areas attached to each of the deeper shafts. It was
found necessary, therefore, as early as 1799 to prepare for the expenditure
of fresh capital in sinking the ' B ' or North pit to win the Low Main near
the river at a depth of 109 fathoms.^ This task was completed and the
pit got to work in 1804, a branch line connecting it with the wagonway
from the ' A ' pit to the Flanker. Operations were now chiefly confined
to the ' B ' pit Low Main and, after the termination of the expenditure on it
and the staiths, matters went on more smoothly for a time, although the
yearly output was only about 48,000 tons, until about 18 12, when the
occurrence of a creep in the ' A ' pit old workings caused great anxiety and
expense.* The ill-success of the enterprise soon led to changes in the
ownership, resulting, about 181 1, in Mr. Taylor Winship becoming a partner

' Mr. Crawford Hodgson's deeds. - Bell, A/5. History of tJie Coal Trade.

^ Watson papers. ' Ibid. ' Ibid.

COIJ.IERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 237

and assuming the direction of affairs. Shortly afterwards overtures were
made to Sir Matthew White Ridley with a view to puttini^f an end to the
competition of the Plessey collieries. The whole of the trade from Blvth
had for the six years previous to iS[2 averaged about 80,000 tons a year,
and it was suggested that, as the Hartley owners were not likely to be able
to increase their vend owing to the confined nature of their harbour, the
closing of the Plessey pits would bring about a large addition to the Cowpen
vend and result in an increase of profit greatly exceeding the cost of com-
pensating Sir Matthew White Ridley for his withdrawal from the struggle.'

The fact that the Plessey pits, which had been in working for over
100 years as sea-sale collieries, had by this time largely exhausted their
resources and that the expense of making fresh openings to the dip could
hardly be warranted in the face of the Cowpen competition, must have
greatly influenced Sir Matthew Ridley in consenting to these proposals. In
August, 1813, the last of the Plessey pits, the 'View,' was laid in" and the
Cowpen owners were freed from serious competition in the Blyth trade.
They were also able to secure the use of Sir Matthew's shipping quay at
Blyth, which was at once connected with the ' A ' pit wagonvvay and
thenceforward formed the shipping place for Cowpen.

Trouble from the creep having shut off the coal to the south of the
'A' pit, the lessees were driven northwards, and in 1816 commenced
working the Low Main to the 'B' pit under portions of the Cambois and
East Sleekburn estates, of which they had secured leases respectively from
Sir Matthew White Ridley and Mr. William Watson of North Seaton.^

Sir Matthew Ridley had, before 181 7, secured an interest in the con-
cern, and in 1820 held five of the nine shares into which the property was
divided, the Rev. Robert Croft being proprietor of two and Mr. Taylor
Winship of the remainder. Mr. Winship, some time prior to his death
in 1822, seems to have parted with his interest to Sir Matthew, although he
continued to act as the colliery agent, and by the beginning of 1823 Sir
Matthew had acquired Mr. Croft's shares and become the sole owner of the
colliery,^ which was then in by no means a prosperous state. It had indeed,
according to Mr. Croft in 1821, made no return to the owners for many
years, his investment as an original partner of ;^ 1 1,000 having only produced
_^8oo in the shape of dividends during a period of about 25 years.'

' Watson papers. - Lord Ridley's estate books. ' Watson papers. * Ibid. ' Ibid.

238 HORTON CHAPELRY.

To Sir Matthew Ridley the prospect can hardly have been inviting.
There had been a heavy expenditure on the eight ships owned by the colliery
company and on a new main pumping engine, which, with the working losses
on the colliery and farms, was responsible for a very large bank-debt.
Trade was bad and competition so excessive through the absence of any
' regulation ' on the Tyne as to lead his agent to express the belief that
'should the fight continue much longer, many will be slain,' although an
arrangement had been come to between Hartley and Cowpen as competitors
in the London and coasting markets. Fears were moreover entertained of
competition nearer home, as small collieries were being opened out higher
up the river.' Of these the nearest was that at High Cowpen on the Purvis
and Errington estate, the coal under which was leased to Joseph Willis
and Thomas King^ and a winning commenced in 1823.

Two shafts were sunk to a depth of about twenty fathoms,' apparently
to the High Main seam, one close to the river side, and the other, named
the King pit, some distance awav to the south of the river, to which it had
access by means of a wagonway and inclined plane. The enterprise was
an ill-advised one and speedily ended in disaster, as the coal brought
down to Blyth in keels could not hope to compete with the better quality
of the Low Main loaded at the staiths. King withdrew from the concern
early in 1824, and his disappointed partners closed the pits during the
same year and sold off the stock in 1825.''

Several small collieries had also been established in the Bedlington
neighbourhood, shipping their produce on the north side of the river into
keels, which loaded it into vessels, generally in the vicinity of the Link
end, on the north side of the river and opposite the Blyth staiths. Of
these, Netherton colliery commenced shipping about 1819,^ having a keel
staith near the mouth of the Sleekburn gut, while other small pits at
Barrington and Bedlington loaded at quays near the well-known Bedlington
iron works. The disadvantages, however, attached to the method of ship-
ment by keels must have been so great that it is not surprising to find
that the contributions of the up-river pits to the trade of the port continued
to be insignificant until railway access was provided for them later on in
the century.

' Watson papers. " Purvis and Errington papers.

' Bell, MS. Histury of the Coal Trade. ' Ibid. ^ Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 162.

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 239

By 1828 matters bad improved somewhat at Covvpen, and tlie vend
to sea had increased to upwards of 80,000 tons, both the 'A' and ' B' pits
being employed in raising coal from the Yard and Low Main seams.
In 1829, the 'B' pit winding engine was burnt and recourse was had to
the Low Main coal under a portion of Sir Matthew Ridley's Newsham
estate which was attached to the ' A ' pit, while to the west a further
extension of territory was provided by the purchase in 1833 of the coal
underlying the property of Mr. Edmund Hannay Watts. ^

In 1836, Sir Matthew Ridley died, and in 1838 his successor let the
whole undertaking to Messrs. Carr and Jobling," the lessees of the Hartley
collieries and competitors of Cowpen, who became tenants of the colliery
and harbour, together with the Newsham royalty, on which they covenanted
to make an independent winning during the term of the lease. The
Joblings parted with their interest in 1847,^ and, when a new lease was
executed in 1848, the partnership consisted of John, George, William,
Edward and Charles Carr, Nathaniel Grace Lambert, Ralph Park Philipson
and John Potts. ^ In 1840, the Cowpen owners took the coal under the
properties of Messrs. M. J. F. Sidney and William Harbottle at Cowpen,^
on which they sunk the Isabella pit in 1848, to open out the Low Main at
a depth of 1 1 1 fathoms. They connected it with the railway, which had,
in 1847, been made by them between Blyth and Hartley for the purpose
of securing an outlet to the Tyne along the line constructed from Seghill
to Hay Hole in 1840, and subsequently extended to Hartley, the whole
system forming the 'Blyth and Tvne Railway.'" In 1850, a large portion
of Lord Barrington's royalty at East Sleekburn, then held by the owners
of Bedlington colliery, which had commenced operations in 1837, was sub-
leased by the ow-ners of that colliery, Messrs. Thomas Davison and partners,
to the Cowpen company and attached to the ' B ' pit, from which it was
worked until it was given up by Messrs. Carr's successors in 1865.' In
return for this the Cowpen owners, as proprietors of the Blyth and Tyne
Railway, gave Bedlington colliery access to the Tyne (but not to Blyth)
by means of a branch line from Bedlington to Newsham, constructed by
the Bedlington Company. The output of this company had hitherto been
carried on under great disadvantages owing to the only outlet for shipment

' w

Watson papers. - Lord Ridley's MSS. ' Mr. T. E. Forster"s MSS. ' Ibhl. ^ Ibid.

See vol. viii. of this series, p. 5^. ' Mr. T. E. Forster's MSS.

240 HORTON CHAPELRY.

being afforded by the Netherton Company's wagonway and staith at
Sleekburn gut, whence an unsuccessful attempt had been made to secure
access to the Tyne by means of a steamer on which loaded wagons were
placed at the gut to be conveyed to the Tyne and there discharged into
vessels.

Blyth had hitherto been carefully safeguarded as the shipping port for
Cowpen colliery only, and its trade continued to be confined almost wholly
to the London and coast markets until the abolition of the coal export
duties, in 1845 and 1850, threw open to East Northumberland the market
necessary for its rapid development, and still of such vital importance to the
prosperity of the district.'

After the establishment of the line to Bedlington, arrangements were
made securing power to ship a limited quantity of coal at Blyth from outside
collieries and, in 1851, agreements were entered into for shipping coals from
Netherton and Barrington collieries.^ With 1852 came the Act incorporat-
ing the Blyth and Tyne as a public railway and the opening to the district
generally of free access to Blyth, where new and improved staiths had been
built by the railway company on the site of the old ones, as well as to the
Tyne at Hav Hole. In 1857 the railway company, under the powers of
their Act, bought up the Bedlington company's branch railway, which they
subsequently extended to Morpeth.

In 1828 a lease of Purvis and Errington's coal at High Cowpen was
granted to Michael Longridge, Michael Gordon and John Biddulph,' of
Gordon, Biddulph and Company, at that time the proprietors of the Bed-
lington ironworks, but, beyond putting down a borehole near the river,* the
lessees appear to have done nothing, their interest being subsequently trans-
ferred to Messrs. Carr and Jobling who, in 1840, proposed to work the
royalty by outstroke from Cowpen.* A new lease was taken in 1854 by
Messrs. Robert Byas, George Jobling, Nathaniel Lambert, George Cruddas,
Robert Nicholson, Thomas Gordon and Francis Lambert," who then sunk
Bebside colliery in close proximity to the railway in order to work the coal
under this property and the adjoining Bebside estate.'

' Exports remained untaxed until 1901, when a duty of one shilling a ton was imposed on coal sold
above six shillings. This duty was repealed in 1906.

" Mr. T. E. Forster's MSS. ^ Purvis and Errington papers.

■" Borings and Sinkings, No. 95. ' Purvis and Errington papers. " Ibid.

' Held under a lease from May, 1S48, by John Lambert, Mark Lambert, and Thomas William
Jobling. Mr. T. E. Jobling's papers.

MAP

TO lULUaTRATE THE

HISTORY OF COAL-MlNlNG

IN THE TOWNSHIPS OF

COWPEN, BEBSIDE, EAST & WEST HARTFORD

Pits shewn thus #

Railways

Disused Wagonwavs

Towns and Villages '''^.'

Outcrops of Seams

?^ to'

H-t t— 1 HH l-H

SCALE.

NDREW HE'D & C*.

I'L. I TK 1 1

f ST NtWCASiLt o«T¥tl(

COLLIERIES AND THE COAL TRADE. 24 1

The Low Main was reached at a depth of ninety-three fathoms in 1855,
and the first cargo of coal was shipped at Blyth on May 12th of that year.'
The partnership has to a large extent continued unaltered down to the
present day, the hrm, now known as the Bebside Coal Company, for many
years having also carried on the Choppington collieries in conjunction with
Bebside, where the Low Main, Yard, Plessey and other seams have been
worked extensively by means of the original winning.

In 1858 the Carrs parted with the whole of their colliery interest in
Seghill and Cowpen collieries, retaining Hartley alone. Cowpen was pur-
chased by Messrs. Joseph and John Straker, John and William Isaac
Cookson, William Cuthbert, John Henderson, John and Matthew Liddell,
Thomas Emerson Forster and George Baker Forster, who subsequently
amalgamated with the owners of North Seaton Colliery, Messrs. Hugh,
Thomas John and John Tavlor, Joseph and John Straker, John Coppin
and Charles John Lamb, forming the Cowpen and North Seaton Coal
Company, now the Cowpen Coal Company.^

The new lessees opened out the coal on the Newsham estate in i860 by
means of a winning, known as the Hannah pit, which reached the Low Main
at a depth of ninety-nine fathoms, and continued to work that seam until
1877, when the pit was laid in and subsequently used as a ventilating shaft.

The year i860 brought also the winning of the coal under the portion
of Lord Hastings' estates lying in Horton by the owners of Seaton Delaval
colliery. The original colliery at Seaton Delaval, opened out in 1838 by
Messrs. Joseph Lamb, William Wharton Burdon, Thomas Barnes and John
Straker,^ had proved to be of a very disappointing nature, but with the
sinking of the Forster pit to the Low Main, here lying at a depth of 114
fathoms, a great change took place. The northern end of the estate was
opened out by this pit, and the Low Main, Yard and other seams have since
been successfully worked by means of it and the Richard pit, sunk close
by to the Yard seam in 1870, and the Relief pit, in 1885, nearer Seaton
Delaval, the whole being connected with the old colliery and thence with
the Tvne by means of the Cramlington Company's railway.

In 1866 the owners of the Cramlington collieries, which had been
started in 1824 by Messrs. Joseph Lamb, William Potter, John Straker,
William Scott and Thomas Barnes,'' established a colliery on the Bates

' Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 162. ■ Mr. T. E. Forster's MSS. ' Ibid.

' Cramlington Coal Company's papers.

Vol. IX. 31

242 HORTON CHAPELRY.

estate at East Hartford. The winning reached the Low ]Main at a depth
of seventy-three fathoms and has since worked that seam with the Yard
and other coals in East Hartford, Sir Matthew White Ridley's adjoining
West Hartford royalty, and a portion of the Seaton Delaval estate, being
connected with the Cramlington Company's railway leading to the Tyne.

After the amalgamation with North Seaton in 1861, the Cowpen
Company acquired the joint royalty of Sir Matthew White Ridley and Sir
John Lawson at Cambois and effected a winning there in 1867, the colliery
being connected with the Blyth and Tyne system and also having access
to the north side of the harbour at Blvth by means of a railway constructed
by the Company terminating in staiths placed near the old Bishop's quay.
At Cowpen the use of the North pit, which in 1858 had been employed
in working the Sleekburn coal, was discontinued in 1863, and in 1874 the
Straker pit was sunk to the Yard seam, the Isabella being afterwards carried
down to the Beaumont seam at a depth of 148 fathoms.'

As an open port, Blyth for some years made progress, though not to
the extent which might have been anticipated from its position as the
natural outlet for the surrounding collieries. The development of the
harbour was taken in hand by a company formed in 1854, and in 1856
the shipments reached 170,000 tons. Bv 1866, they had increased to
257,000 tons, rising further, after the opening of the Cambois staiths, to
ab6ut 350,000 tons in 1871. After this the gradual disappearance of the
sailing vessels, for which Blyth had for so long been famous, and the
substitution of steam shipping brought about a change with which the
proprietors of the harbour were unable to grapple. The shipments con-
sequently continued to dwindle away until, in 1883, they did not reach
150,000 tons, almost the whole of the produce of the neighbouring col-
lieries having been forced to the Tvne for shipment. ^

In 1883 an effort w-as made to remedy this state of affairs and, in that
year, the harbour became vested in Commissioners, who commenced a
vigorous policy of development which has been of great benefit to the
coal trade of the vicinity and has resulted in the firm establishment of
Blyth as one of the chief coal-shipping ports of the North East Coast.

The resuscitation of the harbour led to the opening out of the Cowpen
Coal Company's Mill pit which was sunk in close proximity to it in 1886,

' Mr. T. E. Forster's MSS.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 243

reaching the Low Main seam at a depth of ninety-two fathoms, as well as
to the formation of new staiths and railways both on the north and south
sides of the river, which have materially aided in the development of the
coal field to the north and have enabled the shipments of the port to reach
a total of four million tons a year.'

HORTON TOWNSHIP.

Horton is the southernmost of the five townships which compose the
chapelry of that name. Newsham and Seaton Delaval bound it to the east
and south. Cramlington chapelry lies to the west, and is separated from
Horton by a line running parallel to, and slightly to the east of, the
Cramlington colliery railway. This line produced northwards leads to the
Horton burn, which, running down a little dene, falls into the Blyth at
Humford, and, in the lower portion of its course, divides Horton from East
Hartford. On the north lies Bebside, debarring Horton from access to the
river. The north-east boundary of the township, on the side of Cowpen,
nearly coincides with the Backworth and Morpeth railway. The area thus
included comprises 2,341 acres."

As late as the seventeenth century the southern portion of this district
formed a separate township called Sticklawe or Stickley,'' of which the
name is still perpetuated in Stickley farm, a little over a mile to the south of
Horton church ; while it is probable that a narrow strip of land, extending
westward from the Horton burn along the Blyth and Morpeth road to the
border of West Hartford, originally fell within the contiguous township of
East Hartford, although now annexed to Horton.

The old Tynemouth and Bedlington highway and the Seaton Delaval
colliery railway run in parallel lines from north to south of the township.
On the main road, and overlooking the sea, stand Horton church and the
farmsteads of High Horton, Laverick hall, Stickley and North Moor. A
quarter of a mile eastward from the church, on a branch road to Cowpen,
is Low Horton farm, near to which can be traced the moat that once
surrounded Horton castle. The ancient village appears to have been

1 The produce of the collieries working in Cowpen, Bebside, and East and West Hartford at the
present time amounts to about one million tons per annum.

- Sir Ralph Delaval, writing in 1610, gave the boundary of the township as follows : The North
streett, Bebside bounder begins, the gate in Kowpon loning, Newsam bounder, Lysden letch, Lamlayers,
the street at Stickley stone. Morpith wviy, the bounder betweene East and West Cramlington, Horton
foord, Harford bounder. Marquis of Waterford's jNISS.

" Hodgson, Northinnbcrhvul, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 263 n.

244 HORTON CHAPELRY.

situated at High Horton,' whicli is possibly the Alde-Horton mentioned
in a dtedi.ctrca 1270 ;'• but castle and village are now both gone, and the
population of the township, which reached a total of 2,1 ri at the last
census,^ is almost entirely confined to the mining hamlet of New Delaval,
near Newsham station.

Horton, Stickley and Hartford together formed an isolated portion of
the barony of Whalton, but do not appear to have been granted in subin-
feudation by the lords of Whalton until the close of the twelfth century,
at a date not long anterior to the sale of the barony by Constance de
Cramavill and her son Robert to Robert fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth.
In January, 1203/4, King John confirmed Walran, son of Robert Viscount,
in the manor of Horton, with the services of Hartford and Stickley and
of the moiety of Burradon, of which he had been enfeoffed by Constance
and Robert de Cramavill, and likewise sanctioned the grant made by
Constance de Cramavill and her son to Robert fitz Roger of the wardship
and marriage of the said Walran, he being then a minor.^

' Hodgson, Northionberlaiuf, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 262.

- By deed without date Robert Tempylman of Horton granted to Gwycliard de Charron and to
Isabella his wife 'unum selionem nieum in territorio de Horton qui vocatur Aldehorton, jacentem juxta
terrain Willelmi Fayrchild propinquiorem versus aquilonem' to hold of the grantor. Hiis testibus,
Ada de Seleby, Rogero Scaufyn, Ricardo de Hereford, Roberto de Herefoid, domino Waltero de
Hereford, Roberto de Hepesseth, Ricardo de Styclau, et aliis. Watcr/ord Charters, No. 44. Seal,
a crescent betiveen ttco stars, s. ROBERTI FIL RICARDV., figured on Plate V. No. 2. This document
forms one of a number of early deeds relating to Horton which came into the hands of the Delaval
family about the year 15 14, as appears from the following petition for their restitution :

To the most reverent fadir in God, my lord archebisshop of Caunterbury and chaunceler of England,
humbly sheweth unto your gracious lordship your contynuell oratour, George Harbotell esquier, son ancl
heir of Godyard Harbotell, is seased in his demene as of fee of and in a maner of Hurton, with
th'appurtenaunces, in the countie of Norhumbreland ; and, so seaseJ, dyvers and many evidences,
charters and munimentes concernyng the seid maner come lo possession of on Margerie Delavale
wedowe, Gye Delavale and Robert Delavale. And so it is, gracious lord, that your seid oratour hath
often and many tymes required of the seid Margerie, Gye and Robert, delyvere of the evidences,
charters and munimentes ; the whech to delyver thei hath at all tymes utterly refused and yet refuseth,
contrarie to all reason and conscience. And forasmuch as your seid oratour knoweth not the certeyn
noumbir of the seid evidences, charters and munimentes, nor wherein thei ben conteigned, be is without
remedye by the cours of the commeir lawe. Pleas it therfor your seid lordship, the premisses considerd,
to graunte a writte sub pena to be directed to the seid Margerie, Gye and Robert, commaundyng theym
by the same to appere byfor the kyng in his chauncerie at a certeyn day and under a certeyn peayn by
your seid lordship to be lymitted, to answere to the premisses accordyng to right and conscience. And
your seid oratour shall dayly pray for the preservacion of your gracious lordship. Plegii de prosequendo :
Thomas Smyth de London, yoman, and Johannes Cok de eadem, yoman. Endorsed : Coram domino
rege in canceilaria sua a die Pasche proxime futuro in unum mensem. Early Chancery Proceedings,
bundle 141, No. 24.

Transcripts of other muniments of the Charron, Monboucher and Harbottle families are given in the
Dodsworth MSS. vol. x.\.\ii. fols. 1 10-146, vol. xlv. fols. 121 b-125, and vol. Ixx. fols. 6S-72. Some of the
original deeds have found their way into the British Museum.

'The following are the census returns during the last century: 1801, 113; iSil, 142; 1821, 139;
1 83 1, 175 ; 1 841, 218 ; 1 85 1, 210 ; 1861, 368 ; 1 87 1, 1,400 ; 18S1, 2,144 ; 1S91, 2,180 ; 1901, 2,11 1.

' Rotiili Chartarum, Record Com. p. 116. It does not appear whether the moiety of Burradon
herein mentioned was the Ogle or the Widdrington portion of that township. See above, p. 44.

HORTON TOWNSHIP.

245

VISCOUNT OF HORTON.

Arms : Three bars^ ovef all a hend chafged with five pheon^. Seal in the
possession of the marquis of Waterford.

RoHEKT Viscount.

Sir Walran de Horton, son of = Agnes

Robert Viscount, received («) de

confirmation of grant of Vaux

Horton, Hartford and (/5), iiv-

Sticl<ley, 20th January, ing a

1205/4, being then a minor ; widow

died 24th August, 1257, in 1270

leaving issue three sons {h).
and one daughter (</).

William de Horton, a monk in Tyne-
month priory, where he was cellarer in
1244; ceharer of St. .-Mban's in 1254,
and chamberlain in 1258 ; was sent on a
mission to the papal court in 1 256, and
to the court of Scotland, 125S; ap-
pointed prior of Wymondham in 1262
(^Matthew Farts} ; prior of Tynemouth
circa 1265 ; died before 1273.

father, in 1244, gave his lands in

Normandy («).
Richard, son of Walran, took a lease

of lands in Stickley in 1259 I living

loth May, 1267 (/4).
Ralph, son of Walran, to whom his

brother-in-law, Thomas de Castre,

granted lands in Tyrringtoft {li).

eldest son, to whom his (i) Thomas ^ ( 2 ) S ir = Isabella, upon whom her fathersettled = (3) Sir Guis-

de Castn
(/5), died
before 1261
s.p.

Thomas de
RyhiU.died
before 15th
Mar. 1266/7
(Crt/. Ing.
p.m. vol. i.
p. 207).

lands in Horton on her first marriage, chard de

1256 (/6) ; claimed dower out of her Charron

second husband's lands in Northum- (see Char.

berlandand Yorkshire in 1267 (Bar- ron pedi-

rison. History of Yorkshire^ p. 164) ; gree').

joined her third husband in February,
1279, in settling Horton upon Guis-
chard de Charron the younger.

Michael de Ryhill, was seven years of age at his father's
death ; released to his brother, Guischard de Charron
the younger, all claim to his mother's lands of Horton,
Stickley and Hartford, 6th May, 1284 (/5).

Thomas de Ryhill, upon whom his mother

and her husbind, Sir Guischard de

Charron, settled Horton in remainder, in

default of issue of their bodies, July, 1269.

■0-

Other issue (see
Harrison, History
of Yorkshire^ p.
1 65).

{a) Calendarium Genealogicitm^ p. 76.

(J)) Waterford Chartei s.

Evidences to Viscount Pedigree.

Omnibus hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris, Agnes de Vaus, relicta doniini Walerani le Vescont, salutem in
Domino sempiternam. Noveritis me dedisse concessisse et presenti meo scripto cyrograffato confirmasse Gwychardo
de Charron et Isabelle uxori ejus totam terram et tenementum que habui in Horton Shirreve, Stickelawe, et Herford,
nomine dotis, cum omnibus pertinenciis suis sine aliquo retenemento, habenda et tenenda predictis Gwychardo et
Isabelle et eorum heredibus de festo sancti Michaelis archangel! anno domini MCCLXX iraperpetuum, reddendo inde
annuatim mihi nomine dotis ad duos anni terminos septem libras et quinque solidos, videlicet medietatem ad
Pentecosten et alteram medietatem ad festum sancti Martini in hyeme, videlicet incipiendo ad reddendum medietatem
predicti annul redditus ad Pentecosten proximam, anno regni regis Henrici filii regis Johannis quinquagesimo quinto,
et alteram medietatem ad festum sancti Martini in hyeme proximum sequens, et sic reddendo predictum annuum
redditum, scilicet septem libras et quinque solidos argenti, de anno in annum ad predictos terminos ut supradictum
est, in tota vita mea tantum ; et post decessum meum predicti Gwychardus et Isabella et eorum heredes vel assignati
sui habeant et possideant predicta terram et tenementum bene et pacifice, nichil reddendo vel aliquid inde faciendb,
sine aliqua calumpnia vel contradiccione mei vel aliquorum nomine meo, ab omnibus serviciis secularibus et demandis.
In cujus rei testimonium presentibus scriptis ad modum cyrograffi confectis alternatim sigilla nostra apposuimus.
Hiis testibus, dominis Johanne de Plesseth, Willelmo de Kyrketon, Thoma de Fenwyk, Hugone de la Val, militibus ;
Thoma de Dyveleston, Willelmo de Slaueley, Willelmo de Faudun, Johanne de Herford, Ricardo de Herford, Nicholao
de Midford clerico, et aliis. Waterford Charters^ No. 43.

Universis Christi fidelibus presens scriptum visuris vel audituris, Michael, filius et heres quondam domini Thome
de Ryhil militis, salutem in Domino sempiternam. Noverit universitas vestra me remisisse et quietum clamasse
presentibus de me et heredibus meis vel assignatis Guischardo fratri meo et heredibus suis vel assignatis totum
jus et clamium quod habeo vel habere potero, si quid habere potuero, in terris et manerio de Horton Schirreth et
Stikkelawe et Hereford in comitatu Northumbrie, tam in libere tenentibus quam villanis et villenagiis et omnibus

246 HORTON CHAPELRY.

aliis pertineiiciis ad dictas terras et manerium pertinentibus, que domina Yssabella mater niea tenuit. Pretcrea
remitto et quietum clameo presentibus de me et heredibus meis dicto Guischardo fratri meo totum jus et clamium
quod habeo vel habere potero in uno mesuagio in Heland et in duabus acris de petario in Merdeffen, ita quod nee
ego nee heredes mei vel aliquis ex parte nostra in dictis terns et manerio et eorum pertinenciis supradictis nee in
predictamesuagio et duabus acris de petario predictis jus aliquod aut clamium habere vel vendicare unquam poterimus.
In cujus testimonium presenti scripto sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus presentibus, domino Adam de Seleby,
Thoma de Ryhil fratre meo, Waltero de Herford, Thoma de Heppehal, et aliis. Datum apud Novum Castrum super
Tynam, in loco fratrum minorum, anno domini MCCLXXXIirj, pridie nonis raaii. Valete. Water/ord Charters, No. 28.

Inasmuch as it is improbable that a considerable portion of the barony
should have been settled at the outset upon a young boy, it may be
conjectured that Robert Viscount, father of Walran, had formerly been
in possession of Horton, although his name does not occur as a witness
to anv of the existing deeds of his presumed overlords. His lineage is
uncertain. He is perhaps to be identified with Robert, son of John
Viscount I., a contemporary of Bishop Pudsey,' and if so he was a
descendant of the lords of Embleton, hereditary sheriffs of Northumber-
land. On the other hand his son, Walran of Horton, had his chief holding
in Normandv, and is definitely stated to have been of Norman extraction.^
It is, therefore, perhaps more reasonable to assume that Robert Viscount
was a scion of the Vicomtes who farmed the vicomte of the Bessin, or
of some other family of hereditary bailiffs of the vicomtes into which the
duchy was divided.^ The seal of Walran of Horton bears three bars,
over all a bend charged ivith Jive pheoiis* but that shield gives no clue
to his origin.

Walran of Horton held the townships of Horton, Stickley and Hart-
ford by the service of one knight's fee.^ A return made in 1566 gives
the castle-ward and cornage rents due from the holding as half a mark
and fifteen pence respectively,*' and, though of late date, probablv pre-
serves the amounts of the original pavments. Walran's guardian, Robert
fitz Roger, conveyed his wardship to Margery, wife of William Baard,
who, with her husband, was party to a fine made on February 2nd,
1226/7, whereby they conveyed to Ulkil, son of Silkewin, a messuage in
Horton formerly belonging to Robert, son of Arnald, and six acres in a

• Cal. Charier Rolls, vol. ill. p. 86.

' Hunter, Rotuli Selccti, Record Com. p. 263 ; Cal. Charter Rolls, vol. i. p. 476.

' Rottili Scaccarii Normannie, vol. i. pp. Iviii, xciv. * Fiijured on Plate V. No. i.

' Testa de Nevill, Record Com. p. 382. Horton was held for half a knight's fee. Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. v.
p. 120.

" .Sir Arthur Middleton's M.SS. A rental of Horton made in 1635 states that 'there is paid out of
Horton to Whalton a hoine-yeild rent of 7s. yd.' Marquis of Waterford's MS.S.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 247

field called Ebrokes. By the same deed Ulkil quit-claimed to the grantors,
and also to Walran of Horton, all claim to two bovates of land in the
said township/

In 1246 Walran of Horton brought an action in the king's court against
John Baard, son of his former guardian, for one hundred and fifty acres
in Horton, valued at ^23 3s. gd. Baard called his mother to warranty,
but inasmuch as she had had the wardship only, and no further interest in
Horton, seisin was given to Walran, and Margery Baard was ordered to
give to her son land of corresponding value in Hertfordshire." John Baard
then commenced a counter action,^ which was referred to the Newcastle
assizes in 1256, where, upon a grand assize, Walran was again adjudged
possession.* Walter, son of Walter de Selby, put in a claim, but to no
purpose, and Walran settled the disputed premises upon his daughter
Isabella in marriage with Thomas de Castre."

As has been already mentioned, Walran of Horton held certain lands
in Normandy. The loss of the duchy rendered anomalous the position of
those who held lands both in Normandy and England, and who might there-
fore, in the event of a French war, be summoned to serve in two opposing
armies. Accordingly, early in 1244, Henry HI. ordered all Normans
holdinor lands in England to be disseised of their estates." Walran made
terms ; he elected to live on in Northumberland, and demised his land

' Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia domini regis apud Novum Castruin super Tinam, die
Jovis proxima post octabas puriticationis beate Marie, anno regni regis Henrici filii regis Johannis
undecimo, coram Petro de Brus, Willelmo de Insula, Ricardo Duket, justiciariis itinerantibus, at aliis
domini regis fidelibus tunc ibidem presentibus, inter Ulkillum filium Silkewin petentem et Willelmum
Baard et Margeriam uxorem ejus tenentes, de duabus bovatis terre cum pertinentiis in Horton, unde
assisa mortis antecessoris summonita fuit inter eos in prefata curia, scilicet quod predictus Ulkill
remisit et quietum clamavit de se et heredibus suis predictis Willelmo et Alargerie totum jus et
clamium quod habuit in tota predicta terra cum pertinenciis imperpetuum. Et pro hac remissione,
quieta damacione, fine et concordia, predicti Willelmus et Margeria dederunt eidem Ulkillo unum
mesuagium cum pertinenciis in Horton, illud scilicet mesuagium quod fuit Robert! filii Arnaldi, et sex
acras terre cum pertinenciis in campo qui vocatur Ebrokes, habendum et tenendum eidem Ulkillo et
heredibus suis de predicto Willelmo et Margeria et heredibus ipsius Margerie imperpetuum, reddendo
inde per annum eisdem Willelmo et Margerie et heredibus ipsius Margerie unum denarium die
nativitatis Domini pro omni servicio. Et preterea predictus Ulkillus remisit et quietum clamavit de se
et heredibus suis Walrano de Horton et heredibus suis totum jus et clamium quod habuit in duabus
bovatis terre in Horton, quas clamavit \er5us eundem Walranum per assisam de morte antecessoris in
prefata curia, imperpetuuin. Et sciendum quod predictus Ulkillus non dabit nee vendet nee invadiabit
predictas sex acras terre nee aliquid de supradictis infra domum religionis nisi per voluntatem ipsorum
Willelmi et Margerie et heredum ipsius Margerie. Feet of Fines, case iSo, file 3, No. 12.

■ Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. i. p. 315 ; .A.ssize Rolls, No. 454, No. 1,045, m. 52.

^ Abbreviatio Placitorum, Record Com. p. 127.

* Three Northumbrian Assize Rolls, pp. 24-25, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 88.

= Waterfvrd Charters, No. 39, printed in vol. ii. of this series, pp. 504-505.
Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora, Rolls Series, vol. iv. p. 288.

248

HORTON CHAPELRY.

in Normandy to his eldest son and namesake.' The sheriff of Northumber-
land was thereupon ordered, on May 14th of the same year, to render
back to him his lands in that county,' and Walran remained in peaceful
possession until his death, on August 24th, 1257.' Although a jury of
inquiry refused to make definite pronouncement as to whether Walran's
lands were an escheat or no, Sir William Heron, then sheriff of the county,
seized them as forfeit to the Crown, under the order of 1244, and on October
1 6th following, Henry HI. bestowed them on his half-brother, William
of Valence.^ No particulars concerning the land were given, beyond the
statement that they were of the yearly value of ;^20 7s. 5d.

The name of Walran fitz Robert, entered in the Durham Liber Vitae^
probably denotes the owner of Horton. No other facts concerning him
have been preserved, beyond a reference to a grant made by him of lands
in Horton for life to a certain Adam de Aula.'' By his wife, Agnes de
Vaux, he had issue three sons and one daughter, namely, Walran, who as
already stated received his father's lands in Normandy, Richard, Ralph and
Isabella, the wife of Thomas de Castre. Richard continued to reside at
Horton, notwithstanding the grant made to William of Valence. His name
occurs in 1259 as lessee of twelve acres in Stickley from Robert de Mitford.'

' Calcndarium Gcnealogicum, Record Com. p. 76.

- Hunter, Rotuli Sdcdi, Record Com. p. 263 ; Close Rolls, 28 Hen. HI. m. 10.
' Calcndarium Gencalogkum, Record Com. p. 76 ; Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. i. p. 106.
' Cal. Charter Rolls, vol. i. p. 476 ; cp. Excerpta ex Rot. Fin. Record Com. vol. ii. p. 264.
= Liber Vitae, p. 97, Suit. Soc. Pub. No. 13.

« Omnibus filiis sancte matris ecclesie ad quos presens scriptum pervenerit, Adam de aula, salutem.
Noveritis me dedisse concessisse et hac present! carta mea confirmasse Angneti filie mee et Willelmo
viro suo et heredibus eorum vel assignatis totam terram meam cum domibus, hedificiis, toftis et croftis
et omnibus pertinenciis suis, eandem scilicet terram quam dominus Walleranus in villa et territorio de
Horton mihi pro servicio meo dedit, haljendam et tenendam dictis Angneti, Willelmo, et heredibus
eorum vel assingnatis, de me et heredibus meis imperpetuum, libere, quiele, et hereditario, sicut coiitinetur
in carta originali quam habui de dono dumini Wallerani et per servicium idem quod continetur ibidem.
Et dicti Angnes, Willelmus, et heredes eorum vel assingnati, mihi omnia neccessaria mea usque ad
consummacionem vite mee honorabiliter invenient. Et ut hec donacio et concessio rata et stabiliter
permaneat, huic scripto sigillum meum apponi feci. Hiis testibus, domino Eudone tunc apud Horton
capellano, Ricardo filio Wallerani, Roberto de Bebeset, Roberto de Herford West, Ricardo de Neusum,
Ricardo filio Gilberti de Scotton, Waltero de Cramlington capellano, et aliis
niultis. Datum apud Horton, sexto idus Maii, anno domini m'CClx" septimo.
Waterford Charters, No. 55.

' ' Scilicet illas duodecim acras quas dominus Hugo, capellanus de Novo
Castro, quondam tenuit de Villelmo de Stikelau.' Durh. Treas. Misc. Chart.,
6,579, printed in Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 274 CHorton miscel-
lanea. No. I), where Monteford should be read Mitford. Robert de Mitford was
mavor of Newcastle in 12S2. Subsequently, between the years 1261 and 1264,
William de Sticklaw confirmed Mitford in the said twelve acres: Hiis testibus,
domino Ada de Gesemu, tunc vicecomite, domino Johanne de Pleceto, domino
Ada Baret, militibus, Willelmo de Kirketun, Galfrido de Wideslade, Ada de
Seal of William de Seleby, Ricardo de Herford, Waltero de Daltun, et aliis. Water/ord Charters,
Stikelawe. No. 70. Seal, a cinquefoil, >J< S will' de stvcklav.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 249

His brother Ralph was enfeoffed by Thomas de Castre of eight bovates in
Tyrringtoft, perhaps the modern Torrington in Lincolnshire. Castre's deed
of gift was attested by Sir Bartholomew Banyard and Sir William de
Breteville, knights, of Norfolk and Richmondshire respectively, as well as
by a group of Northumbrian witnesses.'

Thomas de Castre died before the year 1261. During the last eleven
years of his life he had been lessee of a moiety of Cramlington under Ralph
de Gaugy.- He had no issue by his wife Isabella, daughter of Walran of
Horton, his heir being his brother, William de Castre. Isabella de Castre
took as her second husband Thomas fitz Michael, lord of Ryle and, in
1 260- 1 26 1, sheriff of Northumberland, but he died in 1267, and she was a
second time left a widow. Two years later she found a third husband
in Sir Guischard de Charron, then sheriff of the county.

De Castre.

I I

Thomas de Castre, lessee of a moiety = Isabella, dau. William de Castre, brother and heir = daughter and

co-heir of Peter de

of Cramlington ; had lands in of Walran of Thomas de Castre, sued Ralph

Horton settled upon him on mar- de Horton. de Gaugy in 1261 for lands in

riage ; died s.p. before 1261. Cramlington ; died before 1269.

Lincoln (Cal. Gen.
p. 16).

! I

William de Castre, who in July, 1269, Thomas de Castre, son of William de Castre, assigned a rent-
assigned his uncle's lands in Horton charge in Corbridge to Guischard de Charron and Isabella
to Guischard de Charron and Isabella his wife, January, 1276/7 (^Feet of Fines, case 181, file 7,
his wife. No. 13).

When the king's uncle, Peter of Savoy, came to England in 1241,
he brought with him three of his kinsmen, a knight, a cleric and a Cluniac
monk.' They were brothers, and they all obtained positions of preferment
in their new home. The clerk, Guischard de Charron, a man of Falstaffian
proportions and appetite,^ was appointed by Peter of Savoy to be seneschal

' Sciant presentes et futuri quod eyo, Thomas de Castre, dedi, concessi, at hac present! carta mea
confirmavi, Radulpho filio Walrani de Hortone, pro homagio et servicio suo, totam terrain quam habui
in villa de Tyrringtoft, scilicet octo bovatas terra cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, tenendam et habendam
de me at heredibus meis eidem Radulfo et heredibus vel assignatis suis libere, quiala, bene, in pace,
integre, in feodo et hereditate, reddendo inde annuatim michi at heredibus meis decern denarios vel
unam libram piperis, utrum maluarit, scilicet ad festum sancti Michaelis, pro omni servicio, consuetudina,
axaccione at demanda ad me et herades meos pertinentibus, etc. Et ut hec mea donacio rata et stabilis
permaneat, huic scripto sigillum nieum apposui. Hiis testibus, domino Bartolomeo Banynard, domino
Willelmo de Breteville, Pycot de Neuton, Pycot de Sciruaton, domino Rogero de Togesdene, domino
Johanna de Plesseyz, domino Johanna de Aulton, domino Rogero Maudut, Johanne de Woderington,
Johanne de Rydala, Gilberto de Oggel, et aliis. Watcrfoni Charters, No. 41. 'Scirueton' is to be
identified with Scruton, near Northallerton.

" Curia Regis Rolls, No. 171. Cp. Three Northumbrian Assize Rolls, p. 173.

^ Matthew Paris describes Stephen, prior of Thetford, brother of Guischard de Charron, as 'natione
Sabaudialis, qui se consanguineum vel affinem vel saltern compatriotam reginae fecerat.' Chronica
Majora, vol. \'. p. 31.

* ' Clericus monstruosus . . . cujus quoque cadaver plaustrum oneraret.' Ibid.

Vol. IX.

250 HORTON CHAPELRY.

of the honour of Richmond.^ Although in orders and rector of Fransham
in Norfolk, a living to which the king, on September 22nd, 1242, presented
him," he married and had a son, also named Guischard, who in his turn
had a son Guischard, a circumstance that renders it difficult to determine,
in some cases, the identity of the person named. Probably the elder
Guischard continued to be seneschal until his death, and was succeeded
in that office by his son, whom Peter of Savoy, on leaving England early
in 1 26 1, entrusted with the administration of his English estates. Charron
had the difficult task of maintaining his master's interest in Richmondshire
during the troubles of the Barons' war.^ In May, 1264, he was given the
immediate custody of Richmond and Bowes castles, and in September of
the ensuing year, when the Sussex honours of Eagle and Hastings were
conferred upon Peter of Savoy, he was put in charge of them also.*

Richmondshire had for several years been a possession coveted alike
by the barons and by the king, who desired to restore the earldom to
his nephew, John, duke of Brittany. The Sussex baronies were represented
to have been granted to Earl Peter as compensation for his honour of
Richmond, and on May 6th, 1266, Henry HI. sent a threatening letter to
Charron, commanding him to surrender his charge.' This he refused to do.
His obduracy proved successful, and was rewarded by his absent master by
a grant, to him and his heirs, of the custody of Bowes castle and of the office
of forester of Richmond forest, of which grant he obtained a royal confirma-
tion on February 8th following." No further attempt was made to disturb
Peter of Savoy during the short remainder of his life. The earl died in
1268, having by his will, dated May 7th of that year, devised his English
estates to Queen Eleanor, and appointed Charron his executor.' The queen
was persuaded to relinquish her claims in favour of John of Brittany, to
whom Charron thereupon gave up Richmond castle.^ His new lord appears
to have appreciated his fidelitv and to have retained him as seneschal.

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1232-1247, p. 391 ; Plantagenet-Harrison, History of Yorkshire, p. 337.

■ Ibid. 1232-1247, p. 303. ' Rymer, Focdera, Record Com. vol. i. p. 433.

' Ibid. p. 458, where Wychardus should be read in place oi Edwardus.

' Ibid. p. 46S. The order contains a clue to Charron's place of origin in the clause ' scituri
quod, nisi feceritis, periculum exhaeredationis terrae vestrae Chavens vobis ex hoc poterit imminere.'
Henry, lord of Chanvens, occurs as witness to various charters of the counts of Savoy betiveen the years
1234 and 1255. 6 Q^i_ Charter Rolls, vol. ii. pp. 70-71.

' Wiirstemberger, Peter der Ziveite, Graf von Savoyen, vol. iv. p. 434 ; in which work is given a full
account of the fortunes of Peter of Savoy in England ; see especially book v. chapter xix. and book vi.
chapter x. . j^y„.,er, Focdera, vol. i. p. 476.

HORTON TOWNSHIP.

251

CHARRON OF HORTON.

Arms : Gules, a chevron between three escallops argent. Parliamcnlary Roll in
Palgrave's Parliamentary Writs, vol. i. p. 41 1 ; Giimaldi's Roll in Collectanea
Topographica et Genealogica, vol. ii. p. 327 ; Jenyns' Ordinary in Walford's
Antiquarian, vol. x. p. 58.

De Charron.

. I

Guischard de :
S a b a u d i a
(«), alias
de Charron,
seneschal of
the honour
of Rich,
m o n d in
1243.

Sir Bernard de Sabaudia, knight = Ducelina,
in), appointed constable of who had
Reigate castle, 2nd June, 1241 permission
{Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1232-1247, to follow
p. 252) ; constable of Windsor her hus-
castle, 15th December, 1 241 band to
(?ii/(/. p. 268) ; and constable of England,
the honour of Tickhill, 29th 12th .^pril,
March, 1244 (ibtd. p. 422). 1242 {ibid.

p. 280).

I
Stephen de
Charron,
prior of
Thetford in
Norfolk was
murdered
by one of
his monks,
December,
1248 (fl).

Mary, dau.
and co-heir
of Richard
de Sutton

Sir Guischard de Charron, knight, constable of the honour of Richmond, 1261-
126S ; sheriff of Northumberland, 1267-1272 ; was made a justice of assize in 1274 ;
hereditary constable of Bowes castle (c) ; seneschal of the bishopric of Durham,
1278-1283 ; obtained the manor of Sutton-upon-Trent by his first marriage and
Horton in Northumberland by his second marriage ; living in 1297 (</).

Isabella, daughter and
heir of Sir Walran de
Horton, and widow
of Sir Thomas de
RyhiU (d).

I
Sir Guischard de Charron, knight {b') ((Z), con-
stable of Bowes castle (c) ; had the manor
of Horton settled upon him in 1279, and
Dalton-Gales Jn 1280 (c) ; a justice of as-
size ; sheriff of Northumberland, 1308-1310,
and knight of the shiie in 1311 ; was slain
at Bannockburn, 24th June, 1 314.

Alice [daughter of
Sir Thomas de Lucy,
first baron Lucy of
Cockermouth] ; mar-
ried circa 1288 ; *
was living at Dalton-
Gales in 1332 (c).

Stephen de Charron
(</■), alias Stephen
Guischard, constable
of Bowes castle (c) ;
surrendered his claims
to Horton, 15th June,
1 3 10 (<?■)•

Alice, wife of Sir William
de Scargill, to whose
son, John de Scargill,
Stephen de Charron
gave the office of con-
stable of Bowes castle
in remainder, 1316 (c).

Joan, sole daughter and heir ; married first, circa 1310, Sir Bertram de Monboucher (Jl) ; received as her portion the manor
of Sutton-upor-Trent ; married secondly, before 2ist February, 1333/4. Sir Richard de Willoughby of Wollaton, chief
justice of the King's Bench {Cal. Close Rolls, 1333-1337, P- 201); living :2th August, 1342 {^Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1340-1343,
p. 501) {see Monboucher pedigree'), -i/

(«) Matthew Paris, Chronica Major a, vol. v.

PP- 31-33.
{ti) Placita de Quo Warranto, p. 632.

pp. 165, l6g, 295, 328, 336.
((/) Waterford Charters.

* A toulz ceaux qui cest escript orrount ou verrount Gwychard de Charron le pier salutz in nostre seigneur. Sachez
moy a resceu de sire Thomas de Lucy, par la raayn Thomas de Fetherslanhaugh, set viiitz quinze marcs size souz et
viij deniers en acquittance de partye de la some de 2Co marcs et 4 vinze ... en lez quetrx I'avandit sire Thomas me estate
deiu par son escript obligatoire pur la mariage sire Gwchard mon fitz, dez queu.x 175 marcs 6s. 8d. ieo moy tient bien
paie. En tesmoignance de ceste chose a ceste escripte oy ieo mys mon seale. Done a Bewmys en le evesche de Durresme,
le vendredy prochein devant la Pentecost, I'an du reigne du roy Edward xvj". Ex rotulo antiquo honoris de Cokermouth,
m. 6d, No. 53. Dodsworth MSS. vol. xxxii. fol. 95 b.

About the year 1260 Sir Guischard de Charron purchased from
Alexander, son of Richard de Belhus, lands in Danby-on-Yore.^ He also
acquired from the Askes the vill of Dalton-Gales," and thereby became

' WatcYJord Charters, No. 15 ; Kirkby's Inquest, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 49, p. 159.
" Kirkhy's Inquest, p. 167.

252 HORTON CHAPELRY.

neighbour of the Northumbrian Ryhills, the owners of the adjoining town-
ship of Dalton-Kyle. He added to his estate by marriage with the daughter
and co-heir of Richard de Sutton, in whose right he became possessed
ot a purparty of the Nottinghamshire manor of Sutton-uponTrent/ His
connection with Northumberland dates from the year 1256,^ but he does
not appear to have taken any active part in the affairs of that county
before November 23rd, 1267, when he was appointed as successor to John
de Halton in the office of sheriff, a post which he continued to fill until
November 5th, 1272.

When dying, Thomas de Ryhill named Charron executor to his will.'
The latter, besides discharging the trust committed to him, married the
widow, his first wife being dead. Isabella de Ryhill's brothers were dead or
had assigned to her their claims to Horton. William de Castre, nephew
and heir to her first husband, released to her all title to the manor, which
he settled upon Charron and his wife and upon their issue, with remainder
to Thomas de Ryhill, a younger son of Dame Isabella's second marriage.*
William de Valence likewise surrendered the claim to Horton, Stickley
and Hartford which he had acquired thirteen years previously.^ The
various small freeholders in Horton and Stickley were all in their turn

' Rotuli Hundrcdorum, Record Com. vol. ii. p. 28 ; Placita dc Quo Warranto, Record Com.
p. 632.

- Three Northumbrian Assize Rolls, p. 44.

' Cal. Close Rolls, 128S-1296, p. 308; Rotuli Hundredorum, vol. ii. p. 17.

* Omnibus Christ! fidelibus presentibus et futuris, Willelmus de Castre, salutem in Domino.
Noverit universitas vestra me concessisse, remisisse, quietum clamasse, et hac presenti carta confirmasse
domino Gwychardo de Charron et Isabelle u.\ori sue tolum jus et clamium quod habui vel habere
potui quacumque ratione in manerio de Horton et in terris et tenementis in eadem Horton, quod
manerium cum terris et tenementis cum pertinenciis quondam fuit Thome de Castre avunculi mei et
viri quondam predicte Isabelle, sine aliquo retinemento imperpetuum, tenendum et habendum dictis
domino Gwychardo et Isabelle et heredibus quos dictus dominus Gwychardus de predicta Isabella
genuerit, cum omnibus pertinenciis, de domino feodi sine aliquo retenemento imperpetuum. Et si
contingat dominum Gwychardum et Isabellam de corporibus suis nullum heredem habere, et si con-
tingat heredem quem habuerint de corporibus suis in fata decedere sine herede legitimo de corpore
suo exeunte, tunc predictum manerium de Horton, cum terris et tenementis, etc., revertat Thome filio
predicte Isabelle et heredibus suis, sine aliquo retenemento imperpetuum ; reddendo inde annualim
michi et heredibus meis apud Novum Castrum super Tynam ad Pascham unum denarium vel unum
par cyrochetarum pro omnibus serviciis, e.xaccionibus et demandis secularibus ad me et ad hcredes
meos pertinentibus imperpetuum, faciendo tantum forinsecum servicium domino feodi quantum pro
predictis manerio terris et tenementis cum pertinenciis pertinet faciendum imperpetuum. In cujus rei
testimonium huic carte sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus, dominis Roberto Bertram de Bothale,
Hugone de la Val, Johanne de Plessetis, militibus ; Johanne de Middelton, clerico, Alexandro de
Titlyngton, Adam de Seleby, Galfrido de Wydeslade, Ricardo de Hereford, Ricardo de Styckelaue,
et aliis. Waterford Charters, No. 48. Seal, an ancient gem engraved with a wolf suckling Romulus

and Remus. S. W E CASTRE. See Three Northumbrian Assize Rolls, p. 419, for a similar

deed, containing a stipulation for an annuity of one hundred shillings out of the premises payable to
the grantor.

' The deed was confirmed by royal charter, July 26th, 1270; Cal. Charter Rolls, vol. ii. p. 149.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 253

bought out,' leaving Charron sole owner of the two townships with the
exception of certain lands held by religious communities.^

Stickley had hitherto formed a distinct estate, held by a family that
derived its name from it.^ Richard de Stikelawe, vicar of Edlintrham,

' Omnibus Cliristi fidelibus presens scriptuni visuris vel audilinis, Thomas de Clyvedon, salutem
in Domino. Novei-ilis me concessisse, dedisse et hac presenti carta mea confirmasse (iuichardo de
Charron et Isabelle uxori sue et heredibus de corporibus ipsorum (juichardi et Isabelle exeuntibus,
vel assignatis dicti Guichardi vel dicte Isabelle vel heredum suorum de corporibus suis exeuntium,
totum mesuagium meum et totam terram meam in Horton et Styckelawe cum pertinenciis qua habui
ex dono et feofamento Robert! filii Ricardi Templeman, Michael' filii Roberti, Willelmi de Styckelawe,
Rogeri filii ejusdem, et Isabelle filie Willelmi Mauduit, habendum et tenendum eisdem Guichardo et
Isabelle et heredibus suis ut dictum est, vel assignatis dicti Guichardi vel dicte Isabelle vel heredum
suorum ut dictum est, de me. et heredibus meis, libere, solute, quiete, bene, pacifice, hereditarie, et
imperpetuum, cum omnibus libertatibus et aysiamentis, ad predicta mesuagia et terram infra villam
et extra pertinentibus, sine diminucione vel retinemento ; reddendo inde annuatim mihi et heredibus
meis sex denarios argenti ad festum Pentecoste pro omni servicio, consuetudine et demanda seculari, etc.
Et ut hec mea concessio, donacio, et presentis carte mee confirmacio perpetue stabilitatis robur optineat,
presentem cartam sigilli mei impressione roboravi, et ad majorem securitatem cartas feofamenti mei
quas inde habui eisdem Guichardo et Isabelle simul cum seysina tradidi. Hiis testibus, dominis
Johanne de Plessethis, Willelmo de Kirketon, militibus; Ada de Seleby, Luca de Kebelesworth, Ricardo
de Hereford, Ricardo de Styckelawe, Rogero Scaufyn, Waltero de Hereford, Nicholao de Midford,
Radulfo clerico, et aliis. Wnterfurd Charters, No. ^i^.

No. 29 in the same series is a similar confirmation made to Gwyschard de Charron, his heirs and
assigns, and is witnessed by all the persons above mentioned with the exception of Adam de Selby.
Clyvedon, the grantor, was seneschal to the prior of Tynemouth in 1276 (see vol. viii. of this series,
p. 215, note), and may have stood in the same relation to Charron.

" Lands were held in Horton and Stickley by (i.) the Knights Hospitallers (Placita de Quo Warranto,
p. 588) ; (ii.) the master and brethren of the hospital of St. Mary the Virgin in Newcastle (Brand,
Newcastle, vol. i. p. 79) ; (iii.) the nuns of St. Bartholomew, Newcastle. The last-mentioned property, con-
sisting of a messuage and twelve acres in Stickley, was lost to the convent in 1256 ; Three Northumbrian
Assue Rolls, p. 36. Lands in Horton and Stickley were still owned by the hospital of St. Mary the
Virgin in 1629, when they were leased by Edward Wigham, master of the hospital, to his eldest son,
John Wigham, at the ancient yearly rent of one mark. Deed in the hospital archives.

' Among the Waterford charters are the following deeds of the thirteenth century relating to
Stickley and its owners :

(i.) Sciant omnes tarn presentes quam futuri quod ego, Henricus
filius Radulfi, quietum clamavi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi
Johanni filio Roberti capellani, et heredibus suis vel suis assignatis,
illas duodecim acras terre in campis de Horton cum uno tofto, quas
Robertus filius Walteri ei dedit pro homagio et servicio suo et pro sex
marcis argenti quas ei dedit in sua magna necessitate, scilicet per illas
divisas que notantur in carta quam predictus Johannes habet de
predicto Roberto, ita quod ego Henricus, nee heredes mei, de ilia
predicta terra nichil clammaverimus erga predictum johannem et
heredes suos vel suos assignatos. Et quia volo quod ista quietacla-
macio rata sit et stabilis, confirmacionis presentis scriptum sigillo
meo corroboravi. Hiis testibus,- Willelmo de Coingners, Roberto de
Neuham, Symone de Bruntoft, Gerardo de Wyderinton, Willelmo
Baard, Thnma de Hogil, Ada de Neusum, Ricardo fratre suo, Waltero
de Burudon, et multis aliis. Waterford Charters, No. 14. Date, early Se.\i. of He.nrv fitz Ralph.
thirteenth century. Seal, a cinquefoil, SIGirL HENRICI FlLll r.\dvlf.

(ii.) Sciant omnes tam presentes quam futuri quod ego, Henricus filius Radulfi de Stikelau, dedi
et concessi et presenti carta confirmavi Ricardo filio Galfridi de Neusum et heredibus suis, pro homagio
et servicio suo, sex acras terre in campis de Stikelau, scilicet de terra ilia de qua terra unum capud
extendit se usque Lidisdene cum herbagio, et unum capud extendit se usque ad campos de Hortona,
habendas et tenendas de me et heredibus meis, sibi et heredibus suis, in feudo et hereditate, libere
et quiete et honorifice ab omni servicio et auxilio, consuetudine et exactione, cum omnibus libertatibus et
aisiam'entis predicte ville de Stikelau pertinentibus, reddendo inde annuatim niichi et heredibus meis
pro omni servicio et exactione sex denarios ad duos terminos, scilicet ad Pentecosten tres denarios,

254 HORTON CHAPELRY.

conveyed his land in Stickley, in the year 1270, to Charron.' A year later,
upon the death of Adam de Jesmond, whose kinsman he was, he inherited

et ad festum sancti Martini tres denarios, et pro forinseco servicio unum obolum annuatim ad Pente-
costcn, etc. Hiis testibu?, Willelmo de Coiners, Henrico filio suo, Robilardo de Meinevill, Kogero
de Wydeslade, Johanne de eadem villa, Thoma de Oggill, Rogero fratre suo, Ricardo Baret, Waltero
de ISurudun, Willelmo de Stykelaii, Ada de Hereford, Ada de Neusuni, Johanne Mauduit, Petro de
Trihaintun, et multis aliis. Watcrfnrd Charters, No. 69. Date, early thirteenth century.

(iii.) Omnibus hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris, Willelmus de .Stickelawe, salutem in Domino.

Noveritis me concessisse, vendidisse, et hac presenti carta mea coiifirmasse Simoni de Neusuni septem

acras terra cum pertinenciis in villa de .Stickelawe, scilicet in tofto et crofto

inter grangium meum et terram monialium dimidiam acram, super .Stickelawe

duas acras, versus boream del Whenymer quinque rodas, tres rodas in le Hope,

a quarta selione de le Dige versus austrum dimidiam acram, in le Floris unam

acram et dimidiam, versus austrum de fonte dimidiam acram, habendas et

tenendas de me et heredibus meis dicto Simoni et heredibus suis vel assignatis,

libere, quiete, in viis, in semitis, in moris, in pratis ct pascuis, cum communa

l^asture et omnibus aliis aisiamentis dicte ville de Stickelawe pertinentibus,

reddendo mihi et heredibus meis unum denarium ad Pentecosten pro omnibus

secularibus serviciis, etc., scilicet pro secta curie, pro hereyet, pro merchet, pro

omni consuetudine et demanda, et sequendo molendinum domini de Horton

■^- ' " usque ad tercium decimum vas de predicta terra; et dictus Simon et heredes

Seal of William de sui vel assignati debent pro forisfacto sex denarios tantum, etc. Hiis testibus,

Stikelawe. domino Walrino de Horton, Eustacio de la Val, Henrico de la Val, Galfrido de

Wdectlade, Gilberto de Oggil, Ricardo de Herford, Ricardo filio suo, Ricardo

filio Walrani, Willelmo de Euerle, Johanne de Bebeset, Ricardo de Dalton, Willelmo clerico de Cram-

lington, et multis aliis. Ihid. No. 37. Date, before 1257. Seal, a fleur-de-lys ornament, 4* sigill

WILLI D' STICKELAWE.

(iv.) Omnibus hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris, Willelmus de Steyclau, salutem. Noveritis me
dedisse, concessisse et hac presenti carta mea confirmasse .Simoni de Neusum, pro servicio suo et pro
quadam summa pecunie quam predictus Simon michi prae manibus pacavit in mea urgenti necessitate,
unam acram terre cum pertinenciis in villa de Steyclau juxta Wechenimer versus aquilonem, propin-
quiorem terre Ricardi de Horton, habendam et tenendam, etc., reddendo inde annuatim michi Willelmo
et heredibus meis unum cibum ad Pentecosten pro omni terreno servicio, etc., si sit demandatum. Hiis
testibus, domino H. de la Wale, Eustacio de Walle, Duncano de Rockley, Johanne de Hardwayton,
Roberto de Bydlisden, Roberto de W'escington, Ricardo de Horton, Waltero de Steyclau, Thoma de
Haliwell, Johanne W'aleman, et aliis. Ibid. No. 45.

(v.) Omnibus, etc., Symon de Neusom, salutem in Domino. Noveritis me reddidisse, etc., domino
Guichardo de Charron et Isabelle uxori ejus totum jus et clamium, quod habui, etc., in octo acris
terre cum pertinenciis in Stycklawe et in omnibus aliis tenementis cum pertinenciis in Sticklawe, quas
quidem octo acras cum pertinenciis habui de dono et feofamento Willelmi de Stycklawe, sicut scripta
que de eodem Willelmo habui et que predictis domino Guichardo et Isabelle tradidi testant, habendas
et tenendas, etc., tamquam dominis feodi illius pertinentis ad Horton Scyrref, etc. Hiis testibus,
dominis Michaele de Killum, Johanne de Plesset', militibus, Adam de Seleby, Lucas de Kybelesworth,
Johanne de Hereford, Johanne de Benton, Rogero Scaufyne de Cramlyngton, Ricardo de Styclawe,
Roberto de Bebseth, et aliis multis. Ihid. No. 51.

' Universis Christi fidelibus, etc., Ricardus de Stykelawe, capellanus, salutem, etc. Noveritis me
concessisse, etc., Gwychardo de Charron domino meo et Isabelle uxori ejus et heredibus, etc., totam
terram quam habui in villa de Styckelaw cum pertinenciis, etc., habendum et tenendum, etc., ita quod
nee ego nee heredes mei, etc., allquid juris vel clamei in predicta terra cum pertinenciis in posterum
habere poterimus, etc. Hiis testibus, dominis Johanne de Plesseth, Willelmo de Kyrketon, militibus,
Ada de Seleby, Ada Bareth, Ricardo de Hereford, Ricardo de Stykelaw, Lucas de Kyblesworth,
Rogero Scaufyn de Cramelington, Nicholao de Midford, clerico, et aliis. Anno gracie MCC septua-
gesimo. Ibid. No. 38. The deed was confirmed by Richard's son and heir : Omnibus, etc., Thomas
filius et heres Ricardi de Stykelaw, salutem in Domino. Noveritis me reddidisse et quietum clamasse
domino Gwychardo de Charron seniori et heredibus suis, etc., tanquam dominis feodi, messuagia mea et
totam terram meam que habui in Stykelaw, etc. Hiis testibus, Ricardo de Cramlynton, Johanne de
Trewyk, Alexandro Besyng, Thoma de Belsovv, Willelmo de Bewyk, Thoma de Burthdune manente in
Horton, Ricardo de Stykelawe, et aliis. Ibid. No. 49.

Thomas de Stikelawe, although the son of a priest, is here recognised as legitimate. See Phillimore,
EccUsiastical Law, 2nd ed., p. 312: 'All the children of clergymen before the Reformation were not
illegitimate, for a priest might have had children before he entered into any orders, or whilst he was in
the inferior orders.'

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 255

a moiety of the manors of Jesmond, Cramlington and Whitlawe, and lands
in Hartley/ He retained his moiety of Jesmond, but granted his other
lands, in 1278, to William de Framlington and Margery his wife, and to
the heirs of the said Margery.^ In 1306 his niece and ultimate heir,
Emma de Stikelawe, conveyed the remainder of the Jesmond inheritance
to Richard de Cramlington, son of Margery de Framlington.' The descent
of the Stikelawe family is shown in the following table.

STIKELAWE OF STICKLEY.

William de Stikelawe (d), living in 1228 {_Pipe Rolli) ; conveyed his land in Stickley before
1256 to his son Richard {Three Northumbrian Assize Roils, p. 41).

Richard de Stikelawe, son and heir of William de Stikelawe, and one of the heirs of Adam de Roger de
Jesmond ; vicar of Edlingham in 1273 ; alienated Stickley to Guischard de Charron in 1270 («), Stikelawe

and Cramlmgton in 1278 to William de FramUngton ; died before May, 1284. (a) (^).

I I

^ I , . . . ! I

Thomas de William de Stikelawe (^), nephew and heir of Emma de Stikelawe, sister and heir of

Stikelawe Richard de Stikelawe (i5), a minor and the king's William de Stikelawe; was thirty years

(a), died ward in 1284 (Ca/. /"a^ i?o//r, 1281-1292, p. 120), of age in 1298 (c) ; alienated her pur-

beforeMay, but of full age in 1293 (/<) ; died j./. 3rd August, party of Jesmond in 1306 to Richard,

1284. 1298 (c). son of William de Framlington.

(a) Waterford Charters. (K) Assize Roll for 21 Edw. I. (c) Calendarium Genealogicum, p. 550.

After he had ceased to be sheriff, Sir Guischard de Charron entered
on a full train of judicial and administrative business. On April i8th,
1274, he was appointed to make inquisition in Northumberland, West-
moreland and Lancashire concerning the illegal exportation of wool to
Flanders,'* on which occasion he was accused of having taken bribes from
the burgesses of Newcastle.^ In the same year he was made justice of
assize for the northern circuit," and during the next four years was busily
occupied in hearing cases throughout the north of England.^ On January
iith, 1274/5, when his overlord, the earl of Richmond, was about to
leave England, he was nominated the earl's attorney in his absence, and,
on the same day, was made keeper of Jervaulx abbey.** He was seneschal
of the bishopric of Durham during the greater part of the episcopate of
Robert de Insula (1274-1283)," from whom he received a grant of the

' Dendy, Jesmond {Arch. Ad. 3rd series, vol. !.), pp. 54, 58.

■■' Feet of Fines, case 181, file 7, No. 18.

' Cal Pat. Rolls, 1301-1307, p. 464. * Ibid. 1272-1281, pp. 48, 69, 122.

' Arch. Ael. 3rd series, vol. iii. p. 1S9. " Cal. Close Rolls, 1272-1279, p. 136.

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1272-1281, passim. ' Ibid. pp. 75, 76.

° Cal. Charier Rolls, vol. ii. p. 231 ; Fcodariiim Prioratus Diinelmcnsis, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 58, p. 185.

256 HORTON CHAPELRY.

lands of Gilbert le Noreys in the bishopric' He added to liis hinded
property in Durham by acquiring from Philip de la Ley the lordships of
Beamish and Tanfield,^ and lands in the neighbouring townships of
Kibblesworth' and Pokerley.'' Upon the death of De Insula, of whose
will he had been appointed executor/ he was made keeper of the bishopric
during the short interval that ensued before the election of Bishop Bek."
It is unnecessary to follow him upon the numerous commissions of
which he was a member between the years 1281 and 1292/ He travelled
much, as befitted a justice-itinerant, but appears to have chiefly resided in
his manor-house at Horton.' By charter dated October 22nd, 1290, he
obtained a grant of free warren in his demesne lands there and at Sutton-
upon-Trent." His name heads the subsidy roll for Horton in 1296.

Horton Subsidy Roll, 1296.

Summa bonorum domini Gwissardi de Charron

„ Ricardi filii Mariote

„ Johannis de Bebisset

„ Mariote vidue ...

„ Willelmi filii Margarete

„ Roberti de Burudon

„ Walteri de Herford ""

Summa hujus ville, /^I5 19s. 6d. ; unde domino regi, ;^i 9s. oid. Probatur."

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1272-12S1, p. 201 ; Durh. Trcas. Misc. Chart. 4S2 to 485 and 61 12. The grant
included 'le strothre de Kaltysete' and waste land by the river Team, in the neighbourhood of Hedley
and Pokerley. See Hodgson, Nortliumbcrtand, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 348 (Stannington miscellanea, No. 59).

- Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 225. ^ Bishop Hatfield's Survey, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 32, p. 107.

' Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 195. ^ Hist. Dunehn. Scriptores Trcs, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 9, p. xcii.

« Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1281-1292, pp. 66, 74. ' Ibid. 12S1-1292, passim.

' Licence to crenellate Horton castle was not accorded until 1292, but reference to the lord's hall at
Horton occurs in a deed of earlier date, whereby Robert Templeman of Horton granted to Guischard
de Charron and to Isabella his wife all his land of Stobithoren, 'videlicet illam selionem meam propin-
quiorem curie domini inter terras Alani filii .•\de brae' et Willelmi Fayrechyld, extendentem per rectas
divisas suas versus orientem usque ad certam niarcham inter Horton et Cupon. . . . Hiis testibus,
dominis Johanne de Plesseto, Hugone de la Val, Willelmo de Kyrketon, Michaele de Kylun, militibus,
Johanne de Woderington, Radulfo de Essingden, Luca de Kybbelesworth, Hugone Vigerus, Ada Baret,
Rogero de Cramelinton, Nicholao de Mitford, et aliis.' Waterford Charters, No. I.

° Cal. Charter Rolls, vol. ii. p. 372.

° Walter de Hereford, whose name frequently occurs as a witness to the Horton deeds, was, with
Guischard de Charron, executor of the will of Thomas de Ryhill. Cal. Close Rolls, 1288-1296, p. 308.
Charron, when sheriff, appointed him constable of the castle of Newcastle. While he held that office
he committed an act of hoinicide and fled the country, for which his chattels, valued at ^12, were
confiscated. Subsequently he obtained a royal pardon, returned to Northumberland, and paid a fine
for having his lands and chattels restored to him. Three Northumbrian Assize Rolls, p. 360. He is
perhaps to be identified with Walter, son of Richard de Hereford, whom Christiana, widow of William
de Kirketon, sued in 1275 for a messuage, a hundred acres of arable, and two acres of meadow in
West Hartford. De Banco Rolls, No. 7, m. 15. In 1304 master Walter de Hereford, mason, was a
contractor for supplies to the garrison of Edinburgh castle. Cal. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. ii. p. 399. He
appears to have held lands of the bishop of Durham, and to have died before the year 1314, leaving
a son and heir, Richard de Hereford, who was suspected of lunacv. Reg. Pal. Dun., Rolls Series,
vol. ii. p. 1025. n ^^^, Subsidy Roll, ijs

unde

regi

i>i

1 1

HORTON TOWNSHIP.

257

On Saturday, December 20th, 1292, when returning southward from
adjudicating the claims to the Scottish throne, Edward I. arrived at Horton
and was there entertained by Charron over the Sunday/ The knight

ttS" "^ MOAT. is -[^

1 ^siiffliliiK 1

. .=sj.. 35 o aa

^^■Si-o-Z"-^-

Morton C\5ti £ .
Northumberland:

T 'f ^f !£ £ — i: — T

m 5

MODESN fARM 6UIL0INCS.

ROAO TO CRAMLINCTDN

^^'^

DUCK POND.
SITt OF MOAT ?

■^

]iii;iii

W/iliiiililiililiiillllllllil!lllllliilil!ll,ill!ll))!l

iiiiiiiiili'lii'illiilii

turned this visit to advantage by requesting and obtaining permission to
fortify his manor-house. A week later, on December 28th, the necessary
licence to crenellate was granted to him at Newcastle." The work of

' The accounts of the king's household for a period covering this visit to Horton are printed in
Proceedings of the Record Commissioners, 1832-1833, p. 81.

■ Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1292-1301, p. 2.

Vol, IX.

258 HORTON CHAPELRY.

fortification seems to have proceeded intermittently for the next six years,

for as late as June 5th, 1297, Charron granted to one of his tenants a

selion of his demesne in exchange for a selion lying nearer to the moat

of the manor-house/ which, it may be inferred, was then

'^„'"'"'j ^^ course of construction. This moat, which was possibly

I 1

^RCH STONt;

the innermost of two ditches and separated from the outer

moat by an earthen rampart," still exists and contains an

area measuring 190 feet by 203 feet ; but no trace remains

of the fortress that once stood within it. The old building

i was finally dismantled in 1809,^ and, though some portion

^^^^ ; of it remained twenty years later, that too has vanished,

nor can any architectural fragment be discovered except a

single arch-stone, which is of fourteenth rather than of thirteenth century

date. As an example of the true type of pele'' or fortified enclosure, its

destruction is to be regretted.

Charron did not long survive the completion of his castle. It is uncer-
tain whether he was still alive when Edward I. again visited the place, on
June 27th, 1 301, or when, after the capture of Stirling had seemed to secure
Scotland for the English crown, the king was for a third time entertained at
Horton in 1304. Upon this last occasion Edward I. was, in all probability,
accompanied by the queen, and made a week's stay (August 31st or Sep-
tember 1st to September 6th), before proceeding to Tynemouth priory.^

In 1279 Charron and his wife had joined in assigning the manor of
Horton, with the exception of two tofts and one carucate of land, to

' Anno regni regis Edwardi filii regis Henrici vicesimo septimo, die \'eneris ante Pentecosten,
facta fuit hec convencio inter Guischard de Charron seniorem ex una parte et Robertum de Bourondon
ex altera, videlicet quod predictus Guischard dedit, concessit, et hoc presenti scripto suo cyrograpphato
confirmavit, predicto Roberto et heredibus suis unam selionem quam habuit de Hynyng parcario in
campo de Horton, jacentem in longitudine et latitudine inter manerium de Horton et viam Mar versus
borealem partem, in nomine mutacionis pro una selione jacente propinquiore juxta fossas manerii
predicti Guischardi in longitudine et latitudine versus borealem partem, quam selionem predictus
Robertus concessit, et pro se et heredibus suis imperpetuum quietum reddidit, predicto Guischardo
tanquam domino feodi, et de omnibus dotibus warantizavit, habendum et tenendum predicto Roberto
et heredibus suis predictam selionem de dicto Guischardo et heredibus suis in eodem statu sicut tenuit
selionem quam sibi concessit, etc. In cujus rei testimonium presenti scripto cyrograftato sigilla sua
alternatim apposuerunt. Hiis testibus, Johanne de Dudden, Ricardo de Conyers, Willelmo de Trewyck,
Roberto de Vaus, Johanne de Scotton, Willelmo de Bewyk, et multis aliis [June 5th, 1297]. Waterford
Charters, No. 33.

" Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 265. No trace, however, of an outer moat can now
be detected. » ibid.

* It is so styled by John de Trokelawe and by Sir Thomas Gray, who are trustworthy authorities for
local terminology. Trokelawe, Annates, Rolls Series, p. loi ; Leland, Collectanea, ed. 1774, vol. ii. p. 561.

' Gough, Itinerary 0/ King Edward I. ; Cal. Doc. Rcl. Scot. vol. ii. p. 153.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 259

Guischard de Charron III., son of Sir Guischard II. by his first marriage.'
An annual rent of forty marks out of the premises was reserved to the
grantors for their lives." Sir Guischard III. was a royal justice like his
father; and also, between the years 1292 and 1304, acted as justice in the
palatinate of Durham.^ He was commissioner of array in Northumberland
in 1298.* He was summoned to serve in Scotland in 1300,^ and so was
probably present at Caerlaverock, although his name does not occur in the
roll of knights who took part in that siege. In the following year he again
joined in a Scottish campaign." From October 23rd, 1308, to February
6th, 1309/10, he held the office of sheriff. In 131 1 he was for a second
time commissioner of array, '^ and in the same year was elected knight of
the shire for Northumberland.^ Finally, in 13 14, he fought in Scotland for
the last time, and met his death at Bannockburn.'

By his wife, Alice de Lucy, he had an only child, Joan, who was given
in marriage, in the year 13 10, to a Breton knight, Sir Bertram de Mon-

' Thoroton assumes Stephen de Charron and Sir Guischard de Charron III. to have been sons
respectively of Mary de Sutton and of Isabella de Horton. In this he has been followed by Surtees and
the Rev. John Hodgson, apparently on the strength of a conveyance of the manor of Sutton-upon-Trent
made by Stephen de Charron in 1306 to his brother, Sir Guischard de Charron of Horton (Thoroton,
History of Nottinghamshire, ed. 1796, vol. iii. p. 176). But Stephen de Charron likewise surrendered
to his brother all claim to Horton, Stickley and Hartford, the property of Isabella de Horton (see p. 260,
note 4), so that in this respect the evidence is equally balanced. It is true that Horton was settled
in 1269 upon Sir Guischard de Charron II. and Isabella his second wife in tail, with remainder, in
default of issue, to Thomas de Ryhill ; but in 1279 (six years before the statute De Bonis Conditionalihus
came into force and thenceforward rendered such action impossible), Sir Guischard II. and Isabella
his wife alienated the manor of Horton to Sir Guischard III., and so barred the rights of Thomas
de Ryhill. Although no release made by Thomas de Ryhill is extant, his brother and heir-presumptive,
Michael de Ryhill, did, upon the death of Isabella de Horton, make such a surrender (see evidences
to Viscount pedigree). Stephen de Charron succeeded his brother as hei'editary constable of Bowes
castle (Plantagenet- Harrison, History of Yorkshire, p. 336), and may therefore be presumed to have been
his junior; therefore, if Stephen was son of Sir Guischard II. by his first marriage, so a fortiori was
Sir Guischard III. It must be admitted that the assumption that Sir Guischard III. was son
of Mary de Sutton implies the incorrectness of the term fraler applied to him by Michael de
Ryhil, who was son of Isabella de Horton by a former husband ; but the descent from Mary de
Sutton, to which the balance of probabilities inclines, was directly atfirmed in 1330 by her supposed
granddaughter, Joan Monboucher, the daughter of Sir Guischard de Charron III. Placita de Quo
Warranto, p. 632.

" Three Northumbrian Assize Rolls, pp. 425-426.

' Cat. Charter Rolls, vol. ii. p. 430 ; Reg. Pal. Dun. vol. iv. p. 355.

' Cat. Pat. Rolls, 1 292-1301, p. 3S7.

' Palgrave, Parliamentary Writs, Record Com. vol. i. p. 332. ' Ibid. p. 356.

' Rotuli Scotiae, Record Com. vol. i. p. 98.

' Parliamentary Writs, vol. ii. div. ii. p. 50.

' A nostre seignour le roy et a son consail prie .^lice qe fu femme monsieur Guischard de Chairon
qe fu en servise nostre dit seignour le roy a Estrivelin occys. Com ese puis la mort son seignour ad
este sovent fSiz destruite e si diversement par les enemys q'el ne se peot viver, ne de nul part chevir, ne
ayde qe lour pur deu de son estat ordener, q'ele se puisse viver e de ses anguysses e de son grant
meschef relever. Ancient Petitions, E. 356.

26o HORTON CHAPELRY.

boucher. Her father gave her for dowry the manor of Siitton-upon-Trent/
while John of Brittany, earl of Richmond, of whose household Monboucher
was a member," granted to the knight and to his wife, and to their issue,
four manors in the barony of Hastings, namely, Hamden, Filsham,
Morley and Crotesley/ At the same time Stephen de Charron, brother
of Sir Guischard HI., renounced his claim to the Northumbrian estates,^
which consequently came to Monboucher upon the death of his father-in-
law. Alice de Charron, who survived her husband, received a life estate
in his Yorkshire lands.*

The names of the principal inhabitants of Horton at this time are
recorded below.

Horton .Subsidy

Roll,

131

s.-

Summa bonorum

domini Guissardi de Charoun

unde regi

Ricardi filii Mariote

>oi

))

Johannis de Bebbesete ...

Alicie vidue

-)»

Margarete vidue

VVillelmi filii Willelmi ...

»>

))

Ade filii Roberti

Robeiti filii Philippi

)»

2 A

Roberti filii Ysole

■■i

j»

Roberti prepositi

•oi

Johannis filii Philippi

))

»»

Roberti de Borudon

))

Walteri de Harford

1 1

Summa summarum particularium, £\z os. 8d. ; unde domino regi, /^3 14s. 7W. Probatur.'

' Thoroton, History 0/ Nottinghamshire, ed. 1797, vol. iii. p. 176.

- Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1321-1324, p. 2 ; 1324-1327, p. 57.

'' Comfirmation dated July 18th, 1310 ; Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1307-1313, p. 269.

■* Omnibus hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris, Stephanus de Charron, filius domini Guychardi de
Charron senioris, salutem in Domino sempiternam. Noveritis me remisisse, etc., domino Guychardo
de Charron fratri meo et heredibus suis et suis assignatis totum jus et clamium quod unquam habui
vel aliquo modo habere potero in manerio de Horton, Stickelaw et Herford, cum omnibus aliis terris et
tenementis ad dictas villas qualitercumque pertinentibus, etc. In cujus rei testimonium presenti scripto
sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus, dominis Johanne de .Swynneburne, Ricardo de Horsseley tunc
vicecomite Northumbrie, Rogero Maudut, Johanne de Woderington, Rogero Corbet, militibus, Ada
Baret, Bartholpmeo Benet, Johanne de Essyngden, Petro de Eland, Waltero de Burneton, Willelmo
Baret, et multis aliis. Datum apud Novum Castrum super Tinam, in crastino Trinitatis, anno regni
regis Edwardi filii regis Edwardi tercio [June 15th, 1310]. Waterford Charters, No. 57. By a deed
without date Stephen de Charron quit-claimed to his brother the above-mentioned premises and lands
in Cramlington : 'hiis testibus, Hugone de la Wal, Hugone Gubione, Johanne de Cambhou, Rogero
Corbett, militibus, Johanne de Woderingtun, Waltero de Selby, Alexandre de Suileburn, Willelmo de
Suethop, et aliis. Ibid. No. 34.

' Cal. Close Rolls, 131S-1323, p. 674. ' Lay Subsidy Roll, ip.

HORTON TOWNSHIP.

261

MONBOUCHER OF HORTON AND GAMSTON.

000

Arms: Argent, three pitchers gules, a bordure snhle bezanty. Caerlaverock, Parlia-
mentary and Boroughbridge Rolls; seal of Bertram Monboucher III. in
Durham Treasury. The same arms occurred on a shield formerly in St.
Andrew's church, Newcastle; Queen's College (O-iford) MS. 166, fol. 79,
where the bordure is incorrectly tinctured vert. Sir Nicholas Monboucher of
Gamston in 1375 charged his shield with a chevron for difference (Thoroton,
Nottinghamshire, vol. iii. pp. 255, 256). His son, Ralph Monboucher, bore the
plain coal of argent, three pitchers gules. Jenyns' Book of Arms in the
Atitiijuary, vol. ii. p. gg.

Sir Bertram Monhoucher I. had the manor of Sutton- :
upon-Trent settled upon him on marriage, 1 3 10, when
he also received four manors in Sussex from the earl of
Richmond (rf) ; succeeded to Horton and the other
estates of Guischard de Charron in right of his wife in
1314; had grant of Seghill for life, 20th November,
1318; Inq. p.m. :3th December, 1332 (</).

Reginald Monbouclier,
son and heir, was
seventeen years of age
in December, 1332
(rf) ; held Sutton-
upon-Trent in 1346
{Feudal Aids, vol.'iv.
p. III).

Isabella, daughter of Sir
Richard Willoughby ; mar-
ried secondly, John de la
Peche of Hampton-in-Arden,
CO. Warwick ; settlement upon
second marriage dated 20th
September, 1350 (Ca/. Close
Rails, 1349 1353, p. 607).

Sir George Monboucher, knight (n) ; ;
held Gamston-upon-Idle in Not-
tinghamshire, and Swinhope in
Lincolnshire in right of his wife ;
served in France in 1 347 (^Cal. Pat.
Rolls, 1345-1348, p. 553); died
before 24th August, 1349 (ibid.
1348-1350, p. 371).

Joan, daughter and heir
of Sir Guischard de
Charron ; married
secondly. Sir Richard
Willoughby of Wolla-
ton, CO. Notts ; living
I2th August, 1342.

Isabella, daughter and
heir of Gerard de
Chauncy, a ward of
Sir Bertram Mon-
boucher I. ; living
5th May, 1342 {Cal.
Close Rolls, 1341-
1343, P- 434)-

Sir Bertram Monboucher II. of:
Horton, knight, was forty-nine
years of age in 1386 {Scrope
and Grosvenor Roll^ ; sheriff
of Northumberland, 1 374,
1377, 1379. 1380, 1387 and
1388; knight of the shire,
1373. 1377 -inJ 1386 ; died 6th
August, 1388 (g).

Christiana, daugh-
ter of Roger
Widdrington
and heiress of
one-sixth of the
estates of Rich-
ard de Emel-
don ; married
circa 1 358.

. I
Sir Nicholas
Monboucher
of Gamston,
knight, son and
heir ; was ten
years of age,
17th January,
1352/3 W;died
23rd August,
1384 if)-

Margaret [sister
of Sir Ralph
Cromwell of
Tatteshall]
((fa/. Pat.
Rolls, 1381-

1385,?. 487);
living 23rd
July, 1409
(0-

111,
Joan, wife of Sir Ed-
mund Pierpoint (a)
of Holme, co. Notts.

si/

Margaret, wife of Anker
Frecheville (a) of
Staveley, co. Derby, -i^

Isabella, wife of Sir John
Clifton (rt) of Clifton,
CO. Notts.

George Monboucher =
of Gamston and jure
jixoris of Skipwith,
CO. Yorks (A) ; son
and heir ; was twelve
years of age at his
lather's death {/) ;
will dated gth June,
1409 (c) ; died s.p.
15th June, 1409(7) ;
buried at Gamston
co-

Elizabeth,
daughter
and heiress
of William
Skipwith
(<) ; took
the veil
on her
husband's
death (c).

I
Ralph Mon- :
boucher of
Gamston,
brother and
heir ; was
twenty-six
years of age
at his bro-
ther's death
(/) ; died s.p.
iitti Sept.,
1416 (/).

Margaret, daughter of
Thomas Foljambe of
Riby, CO. Lincoln ; mar-
ried secondly, John
Cockfield(^)ofNuthall,
CO. Notts ; took the veil
on the death of her se-

cond

CO;

June,
I ah

husband in
will dated
1462 (O ;
July, 1464

1454
17th
died

(O;

buried at Nuthall (0-

III
Bertram Monboucher, named in the

will of his brother George (r) ; died

s.p. (;•) before 1416.

Isabel, sister and co-heir (/) ; wife of
John Burgh of Cowlhorp, co. V'orks ;
died s.p. 24th January, 1450/1 (y).

Margaret, sister and co-heir (/) ; wife
of John Kirmond, usher of the Ex-
chequer, who died i6th December,
1435 (0 ; ^^^ '"^^ ''^'"gi 30th
April, I451, being then seventy-two
years of age (7).

Bertram Monboucher III.
of Horton, son and
heir ; was of full age
at his father's death
(^) ; succeeded his
father as sheriff in
1388 ; died 6th Octo-
ber, 1399 (/;).

Elizabeth, daughter of Bowes,

had the manor of Beamish settled
upon her as dower in 1 397/8 ;
married secondly, William Whit-
chester of Seaton Delaval ; thirdly,
Roger Fulthorp ; fourthly, Thomas
Holden, and fifthly. Sir Robert
Hilton (see Whttchester Pedigree') ;
died l6th August, 1450 (/).

Reginald Monboucher,
named in an entail
made by his grand-
father, Roger Wid-
drington, 3rd April,
1372 (^Proc. N.S.A.
3rd series, vol. iii.
P- 97).

I
Isabella, married first. Sir
Henry de Heton of Chil-
Ungham, and secondly,
Robert Harbottle of Pres-
ton (^see Heton Pedigree') ;
ultimate heir of the Mon-
boucher est.ates («;) ; died
23rd October, 1426 (h)
(see Harbottle Pedigree), -i.

262 HORTON CHAPELRY.

Bertram Monboucher IV. of Horton, son and heir ; was eight years of age in September, 1401 (.4) ; died in :
London, 8th February, 141 3/4 Ci).

Bertram Monboucher V., son and heir ; an infant at the time of his father's death (i) ; died s.p. 15th June, 1425 (m).

(a) Visitalion of Noltinghamshire, Harl. Soc. Pub. No. 4, p. 47.

((S) Lincolnshire Peiiigrees, Harl. Soc. Pub. pp. 361, 894.

{/) Tesldiiunta Ehoi'acnisia, Surt. Soc. Pub. vol. i. p. 356 ; vol. ii. p. 262 ; vol. iii. pp. 319, 333.

(rf) Im/. p.m. Bertram Monboucher I., 6 Edw. III. second numbers, No. 78, taken at Bourghersh, co. Sussex,

13th December, 1332.
{<■) Iiiq. p.m. George Monboucher, 27 Edw. III. first numbers, No. 33, taken at Lincoln, 17th January, 1352/3.
(f) Imj.p.m. Nicholas Monboucher, -8 Ric. II. No. 27, taken at Lincoln, 3rd October, 1384.
(^) hiq. p.m. Bertram Monboucher II., 12 Ric. II. No. 36, taken at Newcastle, 1st September, and at Morpeth,

i6lh September, 13S8 ; Durham Cursitors' Records, Reg. ii. fol. Hid.
(/;) Iwj. p.m. Bertram Monboucher III., I Hen. IV. No. 30, taken at Newcastle, l8th May, 1401 ; Durham

Cursitors' Records, Reg. ii. fol. 131.
(O Inij.p.m. George Monboucher, 10 Hen. IV. No. 33, taken at Gamston, 23rd July, 1409.
(Q Inj.p.m. Bertram Monboucher IV. ; Escheators' Inquisitions, file 1351, No. 5, taken at Morpeth, 14th .\ugust,

1413 ; Inq.p.m. 5 Hen. V. No. 31, taken at Newcastle, 15th November, 1417.
(/) Inq.p.m. Ralph Monboucher, 4 Hen. V. No. 47, taken at Gamston, 26th September, 1416.
{m) Inj. p.m. Bertram Monboucher \'. ; Escheators' Inquisitions, file 1357, No. 2, file 1389, No. 2; taken at

Newcastle, Sth and loth November, 1425.
(n) Inq.p.m. Isabella Harbottle, 5 Hen. VI. No. 40 ; taken at Newcastle, nth November, 1426.
(0) Inq.p.m. John Kirmond, 14 Hen. VI. No. 15 ; taken at Horncastle, 13th January, 1435/6.
(/) Inq. p.m. Elizabeth Hilton; Durham Cursitors' Records, portf. 164, No. 100; taken at Durham, 29th

September, 1450.
(i/) Inq.p.m. Isabella Burgh, 29 Hen. VI. No. 35 ; taken at Navenby, co. Lincoln, 30th April, 1451.
(r) Inq. p.m. Margaret Cockfield, 4 Edw. IV. No. 38 ; taken at Nottingham, 14th June, 1465.

The Monbouchers had, from the twelfth century, been attached to the
household of the dukes of Brittany,' but it v^as not until the close of the
thirteenth century that one of their number. Sir Bertrand or Bertram de
Monboucher, accompanied his lord to England. Bertram de Monboucher
is first mentioned in 1300, when he was present at the siege of Carlaverock,
apparently as commander of the English artillery.^ As a member of the
retinue of John, duke of Brittany and earl of Richmond, he took part in
the siege of Dunfermline in 1304,^ and fought in the victorious campaign
of 1306 that drove Robert Bruce into e.xile.^ His exploits upon these
several occasions received recognition in a grant made to him, on May

' The names of Simon and William de Monboucher occur as witnesses to charters of Conan, duke
of Brittany (1146-1170); Cal. Documents preserved in France, p. 305 ; Registrum Honoris de Richmond,
appendix, p. 105. A pedigree of the lords of Montbourcher in Brittany, deriving their descent from
Tristan, baron de Vitre, is given in the Dictionnaive de la Noblesse, ed. De la Chenaye-Desbois et Badier,
ed. 1869, vol. .xiv. pp. 126-134, but does not serve to affiliate the English family.

'" La vi je tout primer venir,
Le bon Bertram de Montbotichier.
De goules furent trois pichier,
En son escu d'argent, luissant
En le ourle noire Ii besant.
.... Bretouns estoit.
Siege of Karlaverock, ed. Nicolas, p. 66, ed. Wright, p. 27. The roll of Durham knights who are sup-
posed to have fought at Lewes, printed in Bishop Hatfield's Survey, pp. xiv-.wi, and in Hutchinson, History
of Durham, vol. i. pp. 220-222, includes Sir Bertram de Monboucfier, but is very unreliable as an authority.
' Palgrave, Documents Illustrating the History of Scotland, Record Com. pp. 265, 271.
' Cal. Close Rolls, 1313-1318, p. 361.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 263

1 8th, 1308, of all the lands in Scotland formerly belonging to Richard
Fresel.' In 13 14 he succeeded to Horton in right of his wife. Gilbert
de Middleton's rebellion, the consequent seizure of Horton pele by Mon-
boucher's neighbour, Sir Walter de Selby of Seghill ; and the final siege
and surrender of the pele, after an obstinate defence on tlie part of vSelby
and Roger Mauduit, have been described previously,^ and need not be
recapitulated. After the rising had been quelled, Monboucher was restored
to his estate, and received in addition, at the parliament of York, a grant
of Selby's manor of Seghill for life.^

In 1320 Monboucher accompanied his sovereign to France.^ He fought
on the king's side at Boroughbridge, March i6th, 1321/2,^ and, later in the
year, served under John of Brittany, earl of Richmond, in the invasion
of Lothian that ended with the earl's capture by the Scots at Byland.**
In the same year, on July 18th, his services were rewarded by a grant of
the custody of the infant heiress of Gerard de Chauncy of Swinhope in
Lincolnshire,' whom he married to his younger son, George de Monboucher,
progenitor of the Monbouchers of Swinhope and of Gamston-upon-Idle in
the county of Nottingham. He received a summons to attend a great
council at Westminster in May, 1324,** and, in the following November,
went abroad with the earl of Richmond upon the king's service.^ He died
in or before the year 1332.

His widow, Joan Monboucher, married, secondly. Sir Richard de
Willoughby of Wollaton, chief justice of the King's Bench,'" to whom she-
brought the Charron estates with the exception of those lands that her
mother still held in dower. After her second marriage she appears to
have quitted Horton for her husband's home in Nottinghamshire." Her
eldest son, Reginald, did not long survive her, and, dying, left a son and
heir. Sir Bertram Monboucher II., then a minor.

' Cal. Chaytcr Rolls, vol. iii. p. no.

« See above, pp. 58-61. The stubborn character of the defence made by Selby and his party in
Horton is shown by the cost of provisioning the besieging force, which amounted to the considerable
sum of ^37 6s. Sd. Cal. Close Rolls, 1333-1337, p- 228.

" Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1317-1321, p. 239. •" Ibid. pp. 419, 452.

' Boroughbridge Roll in Palgrave, Parliamentary Writs, vol. ii. div. ii. appendix, p. 198 ; Genealogist,
2nd series, vol. i. p. 121.

« Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1321-1324, p. 189. " Ibiil. p. 191. ' Parliamentary Writs, vol. ii. div. ii. p. 651.

» Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1324-1327, p. 56. '° Cal. Close Rolls, 1333-1337, p. 201.

" The following persons paid subsidy in Horton in 1336: Nicholaus Whitheved, 3s. 4d. ; Ricardus
de Horton, 4s. ; Robertus Bercar, 2s. ; Ricardus Flan, 5s. 4d. ; Ricardus cocus, 3s.; Summa, 17s. Sd.

264 HORTON CHAPELRY.

The second Bertram Monboucher first took the field in 1359, when he
fought in France under the standard of John of Gaunt, and took part in
the siege of Paris/ Between the year 1373 and his death, on August 6tl],
13S8, he was four times sheriff of Northumberland, thrice represented that
county in parliament, acted upon several occasions as assessor of subsidies,
and was placed on various commissions of enquiry into the state of the
fortification of northern castles." By his marriage with Christiana de
Widdrington, grand-daughter of Matilda de Acton, who w-as one of the
daughters and co-heirs of Richard de Emeldon, he acquired one-sixth of
the manor of Jesmond, lands and tenements in Elswick, Heaton, Byker,
Shotton, Cramlington, Thirston, Wooden, Alnwick and Embleton ; tene-
ments in Newcastle, and lands in West Herrington in Durham.' He left
issue a son, Bertram Monboucher III., and a daughter, Isabella, who was
given in marriage first to Sir Henry de Heton of Chillingham and secondly
to Robert Harbottle of Preston.

Elizabeth, the wife of Bertram Monboucher III., was left a widow in
1399, and, shortly afterwards, married her neighbour, William Whitchester
of Seaton Delaval,* to whom she brought as jointure the Monboucher manor

Lay Subsidy Roll, ifs. Richard Flane, whose name occurs in this roll, was owner of certain lands in
Whitlawe and Cramlington in right of his wife, Margaret, daughter and heir of Thomas de Boroughdon.
Cat. Pat. Rolls, 1334-1338, p. 256. Nicholas Whitheved was lessee of Stickley under Sir Richard de
Willoughby and his wife. The lease has been preserved, and runs as follows : Sciatis quod dominus
Ricardus de Willeby et domina Joh.inna uxor ejus concesserunt et dimiserunt Nicholao Whitheved de

Seyghall et Alicie uxori ejus cum pratis et suis pertinenciis sine ullo retinemento in Stikelawe,

habendum et tenendum predicta terias et tenementa cum pratis et suis pertinenciis, etc., a festo sancti
Martini in hyeme, anno gratie millesimo trecentesinio [tricesimo] tercio, usque ad terminum viginti
annorum proxime sequentium plenarie completorum, reddendo inde annuatim, etc., sex solidos et octo
denarios argenti ad duos anni terminos, etc., et faciendo forinsecum servicium pertinens ad terras et
tenementa predicta pro omni seivicio et accioni, etc. Hiis testibus, domino Rogero [Maiiduit, tunc

vicecomite] Northumbrie, domino Roberto de la Vale, milite, Roberto de Ryhill, de Fenwyk,

Roberto Vescy de Haliwell, et aliis. Datum apud Horton, , anno millesimo trecentesinio

tricesimo tercio. Brit. Mus. Harleian Charters, 58 B 5.

' Rymer, Foedera, vol. iii. pp. 443, 483 ; Nicolas, Scropc and Grosvcnor Roll, vol. i. pp. 168-170.

^ Sir Bertram Monboucher II. was directed to report upon the condition of Bamburgh castle in
1378 {Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1377-1381, p. 127), upon the state of the defences of the town of Newcastle in 137S
and again in 1380 {ibid. pp. 308, 510), and upon the waste state of the king's castles of Berwick,
Roxburgh and Newcastle in 1384 {Rotuli Scotiae, Record Com. vol. ii. p. 69). A tower upon the walls
of Newcastle, east of Newgate, bore his name and may have been constructed by him (Bourne, History
of Newcastle, p. 15).

^ Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 274 (Horton miscellanea, No. 2). The date of the
marriage may be fixed by a bond given by Roger Widdrington and Gerard his brother to Bertram
Monboucher, dated February 14th, 1357/8. Cal. Close Rolls, 1354-1360, p. 499. The descent of
the Monboucher lands in Jesmond is set out in Dendy, Jesmond {Arch. Ael. 3rd series, vol. i.),
pp. 78-83.

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1401-1405, p. 12. In consequence of this marriage the 'fortalicium ' of Horton is
entered in the list of Northumbrian castles and fortresses drawn up in 141 5 as held by the heirs of
William Whitchester. Bates, Border Holds {Aich. Ael. 2nd series, vol. xiv.), p. 14.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 265

of Beamish in the county of Durham.^ She was successively guardian of
her son, Bertram Monboucher IV., and of her grandson, Bertram Mon-
boucher V., who both died before attaining the age of twenty-one years.
With the death of the last named, on June 15th, 1425, the Monboucher
family became extinct in the male line, and their estates passed to Isabella
Harbottle, daughter of Sir Bertram Monboucher II.

Robert Harbottle, whose widow thus succeeded to the Monboucher
inheritance, took his name from Harbottle in Coquetdale, but nothing
further can be ascertained regarding his origin. Possibly he had discarded
for a local appellation the original surname of his house." The first known
event in his life is a murder committed by him at Methley, in Yorkshire,
on August 26th, 1392, when in the service of Sir Matthew Redman,
constable of Berw-ick, for which he subsequently obtained pardon.' Upon
the accession of Henry IV. he obtained a post in the royal household.^
On August 1 6th, 1403, a grant was made to him of the custody of the
lands of his nephew, Bertram Monboucher IV., the wardship having been
forfeited by Sir Henry Percy, best known as Hotspur, the original grantee.^
He was appointed deputy-butler for the port of Newcastle on March 5th,
1403/4," and was made constable of Dunstanburgh castle on June 13th,
1409,' and seneschal of Dunstanburgh lordship for life on April 5th, 14 17.'
In 1408, and again in 14 13, he acted as sheriff of the county. Before his
death in 14 19 he had acquired, by successive purchases, the manor of
Preston and a portion of the adjoining estate of Ellingham.'

' Beamish was in 1397/S settled upon Bertram Monboucher III. and his wife, to hold jointly in tail.
Durham Chancery Enrolments, roll 44, No. 101.

" Prior to adopting the additional quarterings of Charron and Monboucher, the Harbottles appear
to have quartered their canting coat of three hair-bottles with one borne, with varying tinctures, by the
families of Ros, Ilderton and Lilburn, namely, ardent, three water-bougets sable. An Elizabethan
manuscript (Queen's College, Oxford, MS. 166, fol. 79), containing notes of armorial bearings in the old
church of All Saints, Newcastle, gives the following shield : quarterly ; i nnif- 4, argent, a bend between
three bottles vert ; 2 and 3, argent, three water-bougets vert. In this connexion it is interesting to find, in a
collection of deeds relating to the Harbottle and Monboucher estates, two grants to Kirkham priory,
made respectively by Thomas, son of Henry de Ilderton, and by Robert de Ros. Dodsworth MSS. vol.
Ixx. fols. 69, 72.

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1391-1396, pp. 404, 688.

< Ibid. 1399-1401, pp. 19, 294. ' Ibid. p. 49 ; 1401-1405, pp. 255, 329.

» Ibid. 1401-1405, p. 349.

' See vol. ii. of this series, p. 201. On the other hand, he was already styled constable of Dunstan-
burgh on February 14th, 1403/4 ; Cnl. Pat. Rolls, 1401-1405, p. 365.

' Duchy of Lancaster Records, class 11, No. 17, pt. 3, fol. i b. Compare vol. ii. of this series,
PP- 3'-32-

° See vol. ii. of this series, pp. 243, 321-322.

Vol. IX. 34

266

HORTON CHAPELRY.

HARBOTTLE OF HORTOX.*

Arms: Quarterly, I, azure, three hottlea hendways or (Ilarbotlle) ; 2, argent,
three escallops gules (for Charron) ; 3, argent, three pitchers gules (for
Monboucher) ; 4, argent, three water-liougets salile (llderton ?). The various
rolls exhibit considerable differences in the tincture and the order of the
quarterings. See Constable's Roll, and compare Arch. Ael. 2nd series,
vol. iv. page 214, and 3rd series, vol. jii. p. 263. Sir Robert Harbottle bore
azure, three bottles or. Glover's Ordinary. His father, Robert Harbottle
of Preston, bore on his shield three flies or bluebottles. Brit. Mus. Add.
Charters, No. 6,052.

Robert Harbottle of Preston,
constable of Dunstanburgh
castle ; sheriff of Northumber-
land, 1407 and 1412 ; died 6th
May, 1419 (a).

Isabel, daughter and ultimate heiress of
Sir Bertram Monboucher of Horton,
and widow of Sir Henry de Heton (who
died October, 1399) ; died 23rd October,
1426 (K).

Sir Robert Harbottle of Horton, = Margaret, daughter of Sir Robert Thomas Harbot- = Agnes, daughter and

knight, son and heir («) (/^ ; was
nineteen years of age at his father's
death («) ; escheator of Northumber-
land in 1438 and sheriff in 1439 ;
died 14th November, 1443 if).

Ogle; articles before marriage, tie (c) of Cram-

14th June, 1424 ; settlement after lington (^)/»«

marriage, 20th August, 1424 (/) ; uxoris ; living

married secondly, Nicholas Bel- 21st January,

lingham (n)- 1465/6 {t).

heiress of Sir William
Cramlington and
widow of Thomas
Lawson, died i6th
October, 1466 (.?).

Bertram Harbottle of Horton, son and heir; stated ^ Joan, daughter of Thomas, lord Luniley ; settlement upon marriage.

to have been of full age at his father's death (c) ;
sheriff of Northumberland, 1447 ; died August,
1462 (rf) ; [buried at Sedgefield].

l8th October, 1439 (/) ; had her husband's lands in Sussex for dower ;
married secondly, William Covvell {Early Chancery Proceedings,
bundle 56, No. 259) ; living 9th December, 1492 {k).

Sir Ralph Harbottle of Hor- = Margaret, upon

ton, knight, son and heir ; whom her husband

was nine years of age at (whom she sur-

his father's death (</) ; vived) settled

sheriff of Northumber- Beamish and other

land, 1495 ; constable of lands in co. Dur-

Prudhoe castle (z) ; died ham for life, 2nd

June, 1504 (/). Nov., 1492 (/).

Anthony Harbottle, to
whom, with his wife,
Joan, Sir Ralph
Harbottle gave
Cawsey and land in
Preston in tail male,
31st March, 1487
(/) («)•

Sir Guischard Harbottle of Horton,
knight, son and heir ; was twenty
years of age on 6th Januar}',
15°4/5 (/) ; constable of Prudhoe
castle (/) ; slain at Flodden-field,
gth September, 151 3 (^).

Joan, daughter of Sir Henry
W^illoughby of Wollaton ;
articles before marriage,
2i5t January, 1501/2 (f) ;
died in her husband's life-
time (^).

! I I

Elizabeth, wife of
Richard Harding
of Hollinside(o).

Lucy, wife of Sir
John Carnaby of
Halton (h).

Agnes, wife of Sir
Roger Fenwick
(")■

I I I I
Alice or Alison, wife of John Hebburn of Hardwick,

CO. Durham {0).
Eleanor, wife of George Bird of Newcastle (;>).
Isabel, betrothed to John Swinhoe of Rock, 17th

July, 1492 (/f).
Anne, living unmarried, 17th July, 1492 (Ji).

Robert Harbottle of
Grantham, obtained a
general pardon, I2th
February, 1480/1 (Cal.
Pat. Rolls, 1476-1485,
p. 234); a guo Har-
bottle of Egleton, co.
Rutland (7).

George Harbottle =
of Horton, son
and heir ; was
four years of
age, 1st August,
I5I3(.?); died
s.p. 20th Janu-
ary, 1527/8 Qi).

Margaret, daughter of Ralph,
third lord Ogle {g) ; married
secondly, before 4lh Septem-
ber, 1536, Thomas Middleton
of Belsay, and thirdly, before
1st February, 1546/7, Richard
Dacre, constable of Morpeth
castle; living 25th July, 1548

(0-

Eleanor, sister and co-heir ; was
twenty-four years of age at her
brother's death (h) ; married first.
Sir Thomas Percy, and secondly.
Sir Richard Holland of Denton,
CO. Lancashire ; articles before
her second marriage, loth Novem-
ber, 1540 (;) ; will dated l8th
May, 1566 ; died April, 1567. ^

Mary, sister and co-heir ; was
twenty-two years of age at
her brother's death (//) ;
married Sir Edward Fit-
ton of Gawsworth, co.
Cheshire ; will dated 3rd
April, 1551 ; died 12th
December, 1556 ; buried at
Gawsworth. ^

* It has not been found possible to affiliate with the main stem of this family the numerous cadet and collateral
branches which established themselves not only in Northumberland and Durham, but in the counties of Lincolnshire
(Lincolnshire Pedigrees, Harl. Soc. Pub. vol. ii. p. 456), Suffolk (^Visitations of Suffolk, ed. Metcalfe, p. 37), Sussex
(Visitations of Sussex, Harl. Soc. Pub. No. 53, p. 138), and Brecknockshire (Jones, History of Brecknockshire, vol. ii.
pp. 47-49). The principal Northumbrian branches were the Harbottles of Preston (see vol. ii. of this series,
pp. 324-326), and the Harbottles of Beadnell and Tughall-hall (see vol. i. pp. 328, 354). In the county of Durham
there were allied families of this name at Beckley-hall near Kibblesworth, Tanfield, and Cawsey near Beamish (Surtees,
Durham, vol. ii. pp. 219, 223 n, 235). The Suffolk family is now represented by the earl of Verulam.

HORTON TOWNSHIP.

267

(n) Inq.p.m. Robert Flarbottle, 8 lien. V. No. 5, t;ikfii

at Morpeth, 20th June, 1420.
(/') Iiiq. p.m. Isabel Harbottle, 5 Hen. VI. No. 40,

taken at Newcastle, Ilth November, 1426.
(c) Inq. p.m. Sir Robert Harbottle, 22 Hen. VI. No. 17,

taken at Newcastle, nth October, 1444.
(</) hiij. p.m. Bertram Harbottle, 2 Edw. IV. No. 11,

taken at Ponteland, 17th October, 1462 ; compare

Durham Cursitors' Records, portf. 166, No. 40.
(^) Ing. p.m. Agnes Harbottle, 6 Edw. IV. No. 31,

taken at Newcastle, 30th January, 1466/7.
CO ^"J.p.m. Sir Ralph Harbottle, 20 Hen. VII. No. 85,

taken at Morpeth, 9th June, 1 505 ; compare

Durham Cursitors' Records, portf. 171, No. 4,

and portf. 172, No. 7.
(^) hiq. p.m. Sir Guischard Harbottle, Exchequer

Inquisitions, series ii. file 726, No. i ; taken at

Rothbury, 1515/6; compare file 736, No. 9, and

file 1072, No. 3 ; Durham Cursitors' Records,

portf. 173, Nos. 12 and 48.
(//) III'/, p.m. George Harbottle, taken at Durham, 23rd

March, 1527/8; Durham Cursitors' Records, portf.

174, No. 13. Compare K.xcher|uer Inquisitions,

series ii. file 230, No. 14, file 743, No. 4, and file

1080, No. 3.
(0 Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
H') Marquis of Waterford's MSS.
(/) Dodsworth MSS. vol. xxxii. fols. 113-I15, 124; vol.

xlv. fol. 51 b.
(w) Swinburne, Miscelluneous Charters, pp. 41-42.
(h) Flower's Viiitation of Yorkshire, 1563/4.
(0) Flower's Visitation of Durham and Northumberland, 1 575.
(/>) Glover's Visitation of Yorkshii e, 1584/5.
(y) Vincent's Visitation of Rutland, 161S, Harl. Soc. Pub.

Evidences to Harbottle Pedigree.

Cest endenture tesmoigne que accorde est parentre Robert de Ogle et John Bartram chivalers, dun part, et
dame Isabell, qui fuist la femme Robert Herbotell esquier qui raort est, et Robert Herbotell, fitz et heir de dit Robert,
dautre part, que le dit Robert le fitz espousera et a femme prendra Margerie, file de dit Robert de Ogle ; quel mariage
serra fait as costages le dit Robert de Ogle a certein temps et jour pur estre assignes et limites par les ditz parlies.
Et lez ditz dame Isabell et Robert le fitz ferrount estre fait seure estate en ley as ditz Robert le fitz et Margerie,
et a lez heits de corps le dit Robert engendrerez, des toutz lez terres, molyns et possessions, od lez appurtenauntz,
en Elyngeham, quelx furount le dit Robert le pier, et ceo deins quarraunt jours apres lez ditz espouselx celebreez,
reversion et remayndre ent al dit Robert le fitz et a sez heirs et assignes a toutz jours regardantz par sufficiant
chartres et escripts ent affaires. Et le dit Robert de Ogle paiera devaunt mayn al dit Robert le fitz, pardevaunt lez
ditz espouselx celebrees, dys livers dor d'Engleterre ; et outre ceo ferra le dit Robert de Ogle estre fait feoffament
et seure estate en ley a dit Robert le fitz, sez heirs et assignes, dez toutz lez terres, tenamentz et dautres possessions
od lour appurtenauntz en Newstede juxta Elyngeham, a avoir et teneir tanque qils ayent resceux plenerment dez
fermes et dautres comodites dicelx clerement, par bon et loial accompt entre eux pur estre fait, synquaunt et synk
marcez del monois d'Engleterre, ou al myns tanque le dit Robert de Ogle ad paie et gre fait al dit Robert le fitz,
sez heirs ou executours, del dit somme de Iv marcez, saunz fraude ou male engyne ; quel p.i5'ement bien et loialment
fait en fourme avauntdit, adonqs bien lirra al dit Robert de Ogle et sez heirs en ycelx terres, tenementz et possessions
en Newstede reentrer en son primer estate. Et auxi le dit Robert de Ogle avera et tiendra en son hostell le dit
Margerie, et un damoysell od luy continualment, et le dit Robert le fitz et un vadlet ou autre servaunt od luy quaunt
ils veignet, et lours chivalx a bouche du court. Et la dit Margerie trovera tout sa vesture et atyre, saunz rien prendre
pur ycelle, par deux auns ensuantz les ditz espouselx celebreez. Et auxi le dit Robert de Ogle ferra seure estate
en ley par sufficiantz chartres, as ditz Robert le fitz et Margerie, dun portion du terre contenaunt une acre en longure
et troys demyes acres en layure en lez champes de Elyngeham, gisant sur le Nethirend del Doufhill juxt le eawe,
pres lesglis, pur y mettre un molyn fuUerye, od flemez, dammes, courses, trenches, et toutz autres easementz
necessaires ent affaires, reparailler, amender et susteigner, solonques lours avises et lours heirs, si sovent come lour
plerra, as toutz jours. Et outre ceo le dit Robert de Ogle a eux grauntera sufficeant polar et licencez en ley, a eux et
lour heirs as toutz jours, pour fower, overer et trenchier a Paynscroft deins la dit champe a lours volunties, pur amesner
et fair currer le eawe appelle Waldenburn tanque al eawe qui court as molyns de dit Robert le fitz, pur augmenter
et encrescer la value et profet dez ditz moleyns, a avoir et teigner lez ditz porcion du terre, coursez dez eawes et
toutz autres easementz et profettes, as ditz Robert le fitz et Margerie et a lour heirs dez lours deux corps engendrez,
rendant ent al dit Robert de Ogle et a sez heirs par an un rose al fest de saynt Johan Baptistre, sil soit demaunde ;
le remayndre outre entierment dez ditz porcion de terre, courses dez eawes et dez toutz autres easementz et profettes
avauntditz, as droit heirs de dit Robert le fitz et a sez heirs as toutz jours ; rendant ent de lors en avaunt, a dit
Robert de Ogle, sez heirs et assignes annuelment, quarrant deiners as termes de seynt Martyn en }'ver et Pentecoste,
od clauses de destresses pur nounpaiement en lez molyns et en toutz autres terres de dit Robert le fitz en El}'ngheham
esteantz. Ad toutz quelx covenauntz perfourner lez ditz partyes sount assures et sermentez par lour foyes, et obligent
eux, lour heirs et executours, entrechaungeablement chescun party a autry partie par 3'cests ovesque lour sealx several-
ment enseales. Donnee le quatorsim jour de Juny, Ian nostre seignur mill quatercentz vynt et quater. Brit. Mus.
Cottonian Charters, xxviii. No. 32.

To all men that this present shall see or heare, I Thomas lorde Lumley send greeteinge in God everlasteinge.
.Forasmuch as it is meritory to recorde the truth in every thinge, I, ye said lorde Lumley, the xv"' day of May

268 HORTON CHAPELRY.

in the xvij"' yeare of the raigne of our soveraigne lorde kinge Edward the iiij"', afore John, prior of Gisburne,
Thomas Stitnam, supprior of the same, WilHam Tilliolfe esquire, Robert Lumley esquire, John Berwick esquire,
John Eshe esquire, at Kiltone hath declared and will at all tymes recorde for truth that, after the mariage made
betvveene Bartram Ilarbotell and Jane my daughter, by the advise of Thomas Fulthorpe justice and William Norman
of Houghtone in the bishopricke of Duiham, and other at the tyme beeinge of my counsell, accordeinge to the
comaundez comprised in the indenture of the said mariage, Sir Robert Harbotell knight and his feoffez made a deede
of feffment indented, to the foresaid Bartram and Joane his wiffe, of the manor of Preston and of the towne of Woudon
with all theire appurtenances in the county of Northumberland, and alsoe a lettre of attorney to Robert Doxford and
Richard Cutter to deliver seisin to the said Bartram and Joane his wife. The said Richard Cutter and divers of
my servants, both Thomas Celsee and other, was there with the said Bartram when hee tooke seissin. And, that
done, I had ye said .... and all the said ferme thereof iiij yeare, to fynde the said Bartram and Joan. And then
I let ye said Bartram and Joane have all the said lands and tenements a whoU yeare in the life of the said Sir Robert
Harbotell ; and ever since have both ye said Bartram and Joane had the same manor and towne, and alsoe allwaies
since the discees of the said Bartram ; till now on late that Raffe Harbotell hath wrongfully, withouten tytle of right
but with mastery, withhouldeth it from his said mother by uncourteous counsell. In witnes whereof I, ye said
Thomas lord Lumley, to this present wrytemge have hereto set my seale. And alsoe wee, John, prior of Gisburne,
Thomas Stitnam, subprior of the same, William Tilliolf esquire, Robert Lumley esquire, John Barwik esquire,
and John Esshe esquire will recorde and beare witness that wee hard ye said Thomas lorde Lumley say that there
was lawfuU livery and seisisne given of the said manor of Preston [and] of the towne of Woudon with all theire
appurtenances within the county of Northumberlande to the said Baitram Herbotell and Joan his wiffe, in manner
and forme as is afore specifyed. And in witnes hereof wee, ye said John, prior of Gisburne, Thomas, William, Robert,
John, and John to this present wryteinge have set to our seales. Dated the day and yeare aforesaid. Dodsworth
MSS. vol. xxxii. fol. 125 b.

Sir Guischard Harbottle, fourth in descent from Robert Harbottle
and Isabella Monboucher, who was slain in a hand-to-hand encounter with
James IV. at the battle of Flodden/ betrothed his infant son and heir,
George Harbottle, to Margaret, daughter of Ralph, third lord Ogle. He
settled the manor of Horton, upon that occasion, on his son and on
Margaret Ogle, with remainder to the latter for her life, and with ultimate
remainder to his son's right heirs.' Within a few months of Sir Guischard's
death, on March 22nd, 15 13/4, Henry, fifth earl of Northumberland, entered
upon the manor of Preston and seized George Harbottle as his ward, sub-
sequently selling the marriage and custody of the said George to the boy's
mother-in-law, Margaret, lady Ogle.^ She leased the manor of Horton,
on July 6th, 15 15, to Thomas Lisle, presumably a younger son of Sir
Humphrey Lisle of Felton,'* and brought up her son-in-law at her manor
house of Hirst in Woodhorn, where she was living with Walter Loveday, her
second husband. The earl's claim to the wardship was, however, disputed
by the Crown, by whom the custody of the person and lands of George
Harbottle were assigned, on April 20th, 1516, to his maternal grandfather,

''Richard Harbotel, che ha forze immense.' La Rotta di Scocesi, Roxburghe Club, 1S25, p. 36.
Compare Letters and Papers, Henry VIH., vol. i. p. 668.

" Exchequer Inq. p.m. series ii. file 726, No. i.

' Star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. VIIL bundle 21, No. 41.

' Dodsworth MSS. vol. xlix. foL 68. He is styled Thomas Lisle of Ogle ; Plea Roll, 1,013, I'o*- 569-

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 269

Sir Henry Willoughby of Wollaton. A trial in the Court of Star Chamber
followed, in or about the year 1523, to settle the conllicting claims.^

George Harbottle died on January 20th, 1527/8, without leaving issue.
By a settlement made upon his father's marriage, in 1502, the descent of
the Nottinghamshire and Sussex manors had been limited to the heirs
general of that marriage," and the Harbottle lands in Northumberland,
Durham and Yorkshire evidently followed the same line of descent, passing
to the two sisters and co-heirs of the deceased. Claims to the property
as next heir male were raised by a certain Cuthbert Harbottle, a dependent
upon Sir Ralph Fenwick of Stanton and a supposed idiot, but without
success,'' and Eleanor Harbottle and Mary Harbottle, who took for their
respective husbands Sir Thomas Percy (younger son of Henry, fifth earl
of Northumberland) and Sir Edward Fitton of Gawsworth in Cheshire,
for a time held their brother's estates as tenants in common.

Meanwhile Margaret, widow of George Harbottle and successively
wife of Thomas Middleton of Belsay and of Richard Dacre, constable of
Morpeth castle, claimed a life estate in the manor of Horton in virtue
of the settlement made upon her first marriage. A settlement was reached
on August 1 2th, 1540, when Thomas Middleton, as tenant of Horton in
right of his wife, leased that manor to Sir Edward Fitton for forty years,
with a provision that his wife, Margaret Middleton, should be suffered to
enter again upon the manor if, as in fact happened, she should survive
him. A few days later, on September ist following, the two Harbottle
co-heiresses made division of their inheritance. Horton, with the manors
in Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire and Sussex were assigned to Sir Edward
Fitton and his wife, while Dame Eleanor Percy took the Durham manors
and all her brother's lands in Northumberland, excepting Horton. The
terms of the division are set out below.

This indenture of partition made the first day of September in the xxxij"' yeare of the raigne of our
most dradde soveraigne lord kinge Henry the eight, by the grace of God, etc., betwixt Dame Elianor
Percye, wydo, late wife of Sir Thomas Percye, knight, decessed, one of the sisters and heires of George
Herebotell, esquire, decessed, on the one partie, and Sir Edward Fiton, knight, and Dame Marye his
wife, the other sister and heire of the sayd George, uppon the other partie, witnesseth that for a particon
to be had and made amongst them of all the manners, lands, tenementes and hereditamentes, which be
descended or comen to the seid Dame Elianor and Dame Marye as sisters and heires unto the seid
George Harebotell, it is fully condescended, agreed, and concluded betwene the parties in manner and

' Star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. VHI. bundle 21, No. 41.
^ Exchequer Inq. p.m. series ii. file 736, No. 9 ; file 1072, No. 3.
' Letters and Pcipers, Henry 17//. vol. iv. p. 1855.

270 HORTON CHAPELRY.

forme followinge. First the scid Dame Elianor cloth covenant, agree and graunte for hersclfe, her
heires and executors, to and with the seid Sir Edward and Dame Marye and the heires of the seid Dame
Marye, that the seid Sir Edward and Dame Marye and the heires of the seid Dame Marye, for the parte
and purpartie of the sayd Dame Marye of the inheritance of the sayd George Harebotell, shall from
henceforth have, hold, occupic, cnjoye and quyetly possese to theym and to the heires of the seid Dame
Marye for ever in severaltie, without chalenge, demaund or interruption of the sayd Dame Elianor and
her heires or any other in her or their right title and interest, the manners and lordships of Hamerdyne,
Morley, Filsham and Courtesley, with their appurtenances and members within tlie countie of Sussex,
with all londes, tenements, woodes, medows, pastures, mores, turbarye, maresses, comiens, waters,
milnes, warens, fishengs, comodities, rents, revercions, servyces and hereditaments to the sayd manners
or any of them belonging or apperteyninge, and with the advowsons of all and every churche and
churches to the sayd mannors or any of them appendant or belonginge ; and that allso the sayd Sir
Edward and Dame Marye and the heires of the seid Dame Marye shall have to them and to the heires of
the seid Dame Marye the hoolle mannor and lordshippe of Sutton and Carleton with their membres and
with all and singuler their appurtenances in the countye of Notyngham ; and that likewise the seid Sir
Edward and Dame Marye his wife and the heires of the seid Dame Marye shall have, occupie and
enjoye for ever the inannor and lordshipe of Gayles with the appurtenances called Dalton Travize
lyinge in the countye of Yorke ; and allso that the seid Sir Edward and Dame Marye and the heires of
the seid Dame Marye shall have and injoye, without let or interrupcion of the seid Dame Alianor and
her heirez, the hoolle mannor and lordship of Horton and Sticklowe in the countie of Northumberland,
and all londez, tenementz, rentez, revercions and servycez which late were to ye seid George Harebotell
in Horton aforeseid, now beynge in ye possession and occupacion of one Middleton, gentilman, and
Margaret his wife, late the wife of ye seid George Harebotell, with the membrez and with alle and
syngler the appurtenancez to the seid manor and other the premyssez in Horton aforeseid belongynge,
with alle easementez, libertiez and commoditiez to the seid manerz or any of theym belongynge, and alle
londez, tenementez, milnez, rentez, revercions, servycez and hereditamentez reputed, used or knowen as
parte, parcell or member belongynge to eny of the seid manorz or eny other ye premissez befor
assigned to the seid Sir Edward and Dame Marie for ye purpartie of the seid Dame Marie. Also ye
seid Dame Elianor doth covenant and graunt for herselfe, her heirez and executorz, to and with the seid
Sir Edward and Dame Marie, and Dame Elianor shall within and by the space of two yerez next and
immediately folowinge ye date hereof do, suffer, and cause to be doon and suffered, alle and every thynge
and thyngez that shall be devysed or advised by the seid Sir Edward, Dame Marie his wife and their
heirez, etc., for further assurance, etc. Also it is agreed betwixt ye seid partiez, and the seid Sir Edward
Fiton and Dame Marie do covenant and graunt by these presentez for theym, their heirez and executorz,
to and with the seid Dame Elianor and her heirez, that the seid Dame Elianor shall have to her and to
her heirez, to hold in severaltie, quyte of and frome the seid Sir Edward and Dame Marie his w-ife and
the heirez of the seid Dame Marie, the manorz and lordshipez of Bemysshe, Tamfeld and Keblesworth
within the bishopricke of Durham, with alle commoditiez, easementez and liberties to ye same manorz,
with ye appurtenancez and other ye premissez in ye seid bisshopricke of Durham, and also the manor
and lordshipe of Preston, in ye countie of Northumberland, with the appurtenancez, and alle londez,
tenementez and hereditamentez in Preston in the seid countie of Northumberland, which wer to the
seid George Harebotell, and all the landez, tenementez and hereditamentez in Elingham with the
appurtenances in the seid countie of Northumberland, and also alle londez, tenementez and heredita-
mentez, rentez, revercions and servycez in Trentley, Charleton, Shepley, Elforth, Budnell, Wodon,
Aunwike, Enmilton, Thriston, Tritlyngton, Cowpon, Esthertford, Westhertforth, Bibside and Cramlyng-
ton, in the seid countie of Northumberland, and alle the landez, tenementez and hereditamentez in
Newecaslell upon Tyne within the towne of Newcastell, with alle commoditiez, easementez and liberties
to the same manorz, lordshipz, londez, tenementez and every ye premissez befor assigned to ye seyd
Dame Elianor, for ye purpartie of the seid Dame Marie in eny wise belonginge or apperteynynge,
without chalenge, vexacion, demaund or revocacion of the seid Sir Edward, Dame Marie his wife, or the
heirez of the seyd Dame Marie, or eny other person or personz in theire right title or interest.

[Clause for further assurance. Mutual provisions for peaceable possession and for compensation
in case of loss of any of the premises through any act of the other party. The parties enter into mutual

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 2'] \

obligations of ^i,ooo each for performance of covenants. Provision that, if any lands shall be recovered
by either party which were at any time to any of the ancestors of Dame Mary and Dame Eleanor,
further partition of the same shall be made between the parties.] In wittnes wherof, etc. (Signed)
Elynor Percy. '

At a date subsequent to the partition, Dame Mary Fitton devised
Horton hall and demesne to her younger son, Francis Fitton, for life.^
He became the steward, and eventually the husband, of Katharine, dowager
countess of Northumberland and widow of the eighth earl. It is doubtful
whether he ever resided at Horton. The demesnes and manor house
were occupied by Thomas Harbottle, an illegitimate son of Sir Guischard,
and afterwards by his widow and children.

The Horton estate possessed a greater value to the Delavals who owned
the adjoining property of Seaton Delaval than it did to a non-resident family
whose seat was in Cheshire, and it is therefore not surprising that, in 1595,
Robert Delaval opened negotiations with vSir Edward Fitton, president of
Munster, the grandson of Dame Mary Fitton, and, on June 5th of that year,
concluded a purchase of the property for £\^2Q0. The lordship and manor
were then stated to comprise the demesnes. Old Horton, the o.k pasture,
Lisden, Lisden field, the middle field, the west close, the cow close, the
west bank, pease-close, beare-close, the new field, the west field, the east
moor, the west moor, Stickley fields, and a windmill in Horton.^

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. The transcript from which this deed is printed is endorsed as
follows : The writinge within contayned is a true copie of a certayne deed of partition remayninge in
the custodye of Sir Edward Fytton of Gawsworth, in the countye of Chester, knight, which deed hath
subscribed in yt under the date therof the name of Elynor Percy, and is sealed with the imprint of
a scutchion or cote contayninge the picture or image of ane hare, and is by the sayd Sir Edward
affirmed to be the dede of one the Ladye Elynor Percye, somtyme wife to Sir Thomas Percy, knight,
and sister to the Lady Mary Fytton, graundmother to the sayd Sir Edward. And this copie was
conferred with the sayd deed and by examination found to agree therwithall, in presence of thes
witnesses whos names ar hereunder written. (Signed) Ed. Fyton, Tho. Riddell, John Carvile, Will.
Place (the w-riter), Peter Riddell, Raphe Delavale, John Delavale, Jerom Bennett.

Dame Eleanor Percy's counterpart of this deed of division is preserved among the Beamish muni-
ments of title ; Surtees, Durham^ vol. ii. p. 223 n. The hare, in allusion to the family name, appears to
have been also used as a device by John Harbottle, burgess of Berwick in 1449 (Q7/. Laiiig Charters,
p. 33), and formed part of the crest of Randolph Harbottle of Guestling in .Sussex, which was a hawk
argfitt, preying on a rabbit or. Visitation of Sussex, 1574, Harl. Soc. Pub. John Harbottle of Crowfield
in Suffolk, who entered his pedigree in 1561, bore for his crest a dcmi-falcon or ivith wings expanded, harry
of six argent and azure. Visitations of Suffolk, ed. Metcalfe.

' A pedigree of Fitton of Gawsworth is given in Ormerod, History of Cheshire, vol. iii. pp. 292-293.
See also Lady Newdigate-Newdegate, Gossip from a Muniment Room, for an interesting account of the
Fitton family.

' The windmill was situated in the west field of Horton. Sir Guischard Harbottle assigned it, on
December 2nd, 151 1, to his kinsman, Robert Delaval for life. Waterford Charters, No. 47. The miller
held, with the mill, a house and garth and common of pasture for five kine and one horse or mare on
Horton west moor. A lease of 1612 provided that, while Lady Delaval kept her house at Horton, the
miller was to supply corn multure-free ; that he was to keep a servant and horse to be at all times
employed on such service as he should be commanded, and that he should grind corn for the tenants of
Horton lordship, taking his due multure. In 1628 the mill was in ruins. Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

!72

HORTON CHAPELRY.

HARBOTTLE OF HORTON DEMESNE.

Thomas Harbottle of Horton demesne (/<), illegitimate son of Sir Guischard Har-
bottle ; took a lease of three salt-pans in Cowpen, 23rd March, 1 550/1 (a).

: Magdalen, who survived
her husband (//).

I
Ralph Harbottle of —
Horton demesne {b) ;
renewed his father's
lease of Cowpen pans,
1 2th November, 1576
(c) ; died before 8th
September, 1591 (/i).

Henry Harbottle of =
Ellingham, took a
lease of Horton hall
8th September,''i5gi,
which lease he sur-
rendered, 19th Aug.,
1595 <<!')■

Thomas Harbottle
Stickley,* party to
deed of 9th October,
1592; surrendered his
father's lease of lands
in Horton, nth June,
1613 {/>■).

Robert Harbottle of Chopping-
ton, to whom his brother as-
signed an annuity out of
Horton, nth September, 1622
(/) ; afterwards of Hebhurn (e')
in Bothal, where he was living,
1st June, 1635 (J)').

- Barbara,

Thomas Har- =

= Jane (i), ob-

widow of

bottle of Hor-

tained ad-

Ralph

ton, was forty

ministration

Mus-

years of age in

of her hus-

champ

1596 ; died be-

band's goods,

of Elling-

fore 24th June,

7th Decem-

ham (r/)

1610 (/v).

ber, 1625 (</).

Eliza-

1 1 1 1 1 1
Thomas Harbottle of

Horton, son and

beth,

heir (b\

living

Robert Harbottle (</).

25th

Martin Harbottle (</).

April,

Dorothy {d).

1651

Elizabeth (a-).

(0-

Mary (,/)-

{a) Duke of Northumberland's MSS.
(K) Marquis of Waterford's MSS.
(c) Patent Roll, 18 Eliz. pt. 5.

((/) Raine, Test. Dunelm.

(j) Welford, Royalist Composition Papers.

p. 300-

* Petition of Thomas Harbottle to the earl of Northumberland. In all humblenes sheweth to your honor your
dailie poore supliant and servaunte Thomas Harbotle, sonne to Ralff Harbotle deceased, who was servaunte to
your honour and your honourable father about .\x''° yeares space, that, where your supliant hath a small remainder
of a lease of thre salt-pans and cole-mynes to the same in the grounds of Covvpon and water of Blyth, which was
lefle to your supliant by his brother deceased, for the relief of v small children, which cole-mynes beinge quite decaied
was the decaie of nine more of her Majestie's salt-panns there, wherof her Majestie hath had no rent theis iiij'" yeares,
albeit your supliant bestowes above xx" in repairinge the said thre salt-pans to keepe them in use ; but soe it is
that one Peter Delavall gent, a marchant of London, hath latelie procured a lease of all her Majesty's cole-mynes
and salt-pans there, and hath an injunction to dispossesse your poore supliant to his utter undoinge and the
beggeringe of all his brother's poore children, whose onelie mainteynance and succor dependeth hereon. Duke of
Northumberland's MSS.

The purchase was carried out on the understanding that Sir Edward
Fitton should induce his uncle, Francis Fitton, to convey to Delaval his
interest in the manor house and demesne ; but although the lessees, the
Harbottles, were prevailed upon to surrender their title to the premises,
Francis Fitton himself remained obdurate until proceedings had been
initiated in Chancerv.^

Nine husbandry tenants are entered on the court roll for Horton in
1 601, their names being Thomas Ogle, Thomas Harbottle, Rowland Shafto,
Thomas Pattison, James Bourne, John Tailforth, Edward Story, Ralph Bell
and George Watson.^ Only four of these names recur in a survey taken

' Chancery Proceedings, first series, Elizabeth, Dd. I. No. 60.

- The following presentments were then made : Presentatur et ordinatum est quod Johannes
Tailforthe facial et escorat fossatum suum inter cimiterium et villam de Horton citra festum nativitatis
Christi proximum futurum, sub pena iij* iiij''. Item presentatur per homagium quod Radulfus Bell
et Johannes Tailforthe secaverunt boscuni domini in manerio de Horton crescentem, videlicet dictus
Bell a playne-tree, twoo ashe-trees and one aple-tree, et dictus Tailforthe one croked ashe-tree whereof
he maid a ribbe ; ideo uterque eorum ut paret super eorum capita, .\x.\iij' iiij''. Ordinatum est quod
nuUi inhabitantes de Horton braciaverunt serviciam ad vendendum sine licencia domini, sub pena xl'.

KEY TO PLATE OF SEALS.

1. Walran de Horton. Shield of arms: three bars, over all a bend charged with five

pheons.

+ S GALERANI VICECOMITIS

— Waterford Charters, No. 39.

2. Robert de Chaux (?). A crescent between two stars. (Page 244.)

S ROBERTI [de] CALCETO (?)

— Waterford Charters, No. 44.

3. William de Castre. Antique gem : wolf suckling Romulus and Remus (?) (Page 252,)

*i» S W[ILLELMI D]E CASTRE

— Waterford Charters, No. 48.

4. Bertram de Monboucher III. Shield of arms : three pitchers, a bordure bezanty.

s bertrami de movntbovrgcher

—Dark. Treas. 2""' le"' Spec. No. 32.

5. John de Harbottle. Shrievalty seal: gateway surmounted by a tower; within the

gate a tree (?).

DE BON DROIT

—Durh. Treas. 2""" i'"" Spec. No. 11.

6. Dame Eleanor Percy. Signet : a hare running.

— Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

7. Sir Edward Fitton, President of Munster. Shield of arms, Fitton impaling Harbottle,

the respective coats being quarterly: i, two chevrons and a canton (Orreby) ; 2, a
chevron between five cross-crosslets fitchc (Siddington) ; 3, three spades (Bechton) ; 4, on
a bend three garbs (Fitton); and quarterly: i, three bottles bcndways (Harbottle);
2, three escallops (Charron) ; 3, three pitchers (Monboucher) ; 4, tliree water-bougets
(Ilderton?).

FIT ONVS LEVE ET IVGVM SVAVE

—Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

PLATE V.

SEALS OF THE LORDS OF HORTON.

I.USSEN iCa VIENNA

HORTON TOWNSHIP. ' 2/3

nine years later, although the number of holdings remains the same. Shafto,
Pattison, and Thomas Harbottle with Robert Harbottle his brother, each
then held two farms, while three farms were in the occupation of Thomas
Ogle. Rowland Shafto was a younger son of James Shafto of Tanfield-
leigh.^ He and Matthew Sliafto took a lease of a tenement in Horton on
June 1 8th, 1574, from Sir Edward Fitton. This he subsequently surren-
dered, obtaining, on September 2nd, 1591, a new lease of certain premises
in Horton, tenable for his own life and the lives of his wife Ursula and
his son Thomas. With Randall Fenwick and James Lawson of Horton
he attended a muster of castle-ward in 1595.^ He was still living in 1635,
his farm being then occupied by John Shafto, who, as John Shafto of
Stickley, was entered on the list of freeholders drawn up in 1628.' The
family maintained its connection with Stickley as late as 1657.''

Thomas Pattison, who held another farm in Horton by assignment
from Thomas Harbottle dated April 23rd, 1596, had a son, Thomas, whom
he apprenticed in 1598 to Robert Bewick of Newcastle, boothman.'^ John
Pattison of Laverick-hall, probably another son, held the same farm in 1635,
and occurs in the lists of freeholders of 1628 and 1638."

Enclosure had commenced, but had not proceeded far before Sir
Edward Fitton sold Horton in 1595.' The practice of letting farms at
a rack-rent was not introduced into the estate before 161 2. Two years
earlier a survey of Horton was made, giving the size of the various farms
as follows :

Contents of the Manor of Horton, Surveyed 1610.

Demesne. Clement's close, 13 acres ; oxe pasture, 80 acres ; middle feld, 91 acres ; kyrke feld, 53
acres ; mylne feld, 32 acres ; horse close, 20 acres ; calfe close, 7 acres ; Crawe close, 5 acres ; Crofte
augrye (?), 9 acres ; kyrke close, 8 acres ; milner's close, 5 acres ; lowe dales, loi acres ; high dales, 139
acres. Total demesne, 563 acres.

Farm-lands. Ogle's west farm, 120 acres; Blacket's farm, 133 acres; Pattison's farm, 241 acres;
Shafto's farm, 260 acres ; Harbottle's farm, 235 acres ; Smith's farm, 300 acres ; middle peece, 94 acres;
weste moore, 155 acres ; yardes about the house, 6 acres. Total of farms, 1,571 acres.*

' Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 220. - Cal. Border Papers, vol. ii. p. 77.

' Arch. Ael. ist series, vol. ii. p. 318. ^ See above, p. 20.

* Dandy, Newcastle Merchant Adventurers, Surt. Soc. Pub. vol. ii. p. 224.

" Arch. Ael. ist series, vol. ii. pp. 317, 322.

' On October 14th, 1580, Sir Edward Fitton leased to Ralph Harbottle of Horton twenty acres in
the east moor called Lysden moor, for twenty-one years at three shillings rent, on condition that he
should enclose the same. Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. Thomas Delaval notes on this survey in 1628, 'some new inclosures
since this survey, but not many.'

Vol. IX. 35

274 HORTON CHAPELRY.

Under a settlement made in 1599 upon the marriage of Ralph Delaval,
son and heir of Robert Delaval, Horton was assigned to Jane Hilton, his
wife, as dower, and she consequently made Horton her residence after the
death of her first husband and her second marriage with Francis Reed of
Seaton Delaval, dying there in 1645.' Her great-grandson. Sir John
Delaval, third baronet, sold Horton in 17 18, together with Seaton Delaval,
to his kinsman, Admiral George Delaval, whose sisters are stated to have
been the last members of the family who lived in the old fortified manor
house." Since that date Horton has followed the same course of descent
as Seaton Delaval, and it is now the property of Lord Hastings.

Horton Chapel.

A sketch of the medieval chapel, given in the Rev. John Hodgson's
History of NortluDiibcrland^ shows a short nave with a south porch and
a small bell-cote in the west gable, and a square chancel of less width
than the nave, having a square-headed window of four lights at the east
end. A label moulding passed over the east window and continued along
the south wall of the chancel, where it was jumped for two small lancet-
shaped windows. The original chapel had a north aisle of three bays which
was subsequently demolished"' and was of late Norman date, as appears
from two existing portions of a capital or respond having a shaft twenty
inches in diameter. It is no longer possible to say whether the chancel
belonged to the same period ; its east window cannot have been earlier
than the late fifteenth or early sixteenth century ; and a beam now built
into the southern wall of the church, on which is carved the inscription,
ORATE PRO ANiMA ANNE HARBOTYL s. I. G. 1 5 1 7,'' may be taken as evidence
that reparations were effected at that period.

In 1827 the chapel was almost wholly rebuilt, and in 1902 a second
restoration was carried out by the family of the late Mr. George Baker

' See above, p. 159. - Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 265.

' //)/(/. p. 266.

' Ibid. In a manuscript tour of Northumberland made in 1770 it is stated that the church seems to
have been formed from the middle aisle of a Saxon church, some of the circular arches of which were
then remaining. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. This may perhaps be taken to imply the existence,
at an early period, of a south aisle.

" The Rev. John Hodgson reads B.\RBOWL ; but, apart from the unusual character of the name, his
reading may be rejected, the sixth letter being distinctly other than w.

HORTON TOWNSHIP.

Forster. The only relics of the earlier edifice, besides the fragments
above noticed, are a portion of a grave cover with a Horiated cross-head,
and the bell. This measures eighteen inches in diameter, eighteen inches
from edge to stock, and fourteen inches from crown to edge. It bears
the inscription : thomas ogle of beyside 1621, with the maker's initials,
T. H., probablv for Thomas Hatch of Ulcome.

The earliest mention of a chapel at Horton, in the parish of Woodhorn,
occurs in a confirmation of various churches and chapels made by Bishop

S:o

gy>ape^.cns

TWO LATE NORMAN CAPITALS.

IMillll' li>l|MI/li'li|{,lr nil

; ;i'^in, lOK

Cli'l'lN'i'.'Ni'il'i'ill'lilll'.'^i'li'lllil'lillf

i*. EO"DIA.
SHAF-T

1 'I ,f.,P,,f.,?

20"DIA.
SHAFT.

-I-

Architectural Details from Horton Chapel.

W. U.K.
jFfET DtL.

Pudsey to Tynemouth priory about the year 1174.' The same bishop
entered into an engagement with Simon, abbot of St. Alban's, before the
year 1188, whereby he undertook to refrain from exacting synodal fees
from Horton chapel, and to provide for the rights of the mother church

' See vol. viii. of this series, p. 64. Horton appears to belong to that class of 'chapels of ease
which seem to have been coeval with, and always independent of the parish church, and to have been
designed for the benefit of some particular districts never included within the pale of the parish church,
though locally embraced by the parochial division.' Its parishioners claimed to be legally e.vempt
from repairing the parish church of Woodhorn, as appears from a case heard in the Consistory Court
of York in 1548. The ground of their refusal to pay tithes on that occasion was presumably that
subsequently laid down by Lord Holt, that 'a chapelry may prescribe to be exempt from repairing
the mother-church, as where it buries and christens within itself, and has never contributed to the
mother-church ; for in that case it shall be intended coeval, and not a latter erection.' i Salkeld, 164
See also the case of Craven v. Sanderson, reported in 7 Adolphus and Ellis, SSo.

276 HORTON CHAPELRY.

in regard to the cemetery at Horton lately consecrated by him.' There
is no evidence to determine the dedication. Further information in
regard to the chapel is given in a certificate delivered to Richard de
Marisco, bishop of Durham (12 15- 1226), or to his successor, Richard the
poor (1236- 1 242). It is there stated to be worth fifty marks yearly, and
to be subject to an annual pension of three pounds paid to the prior and
convent of Tynemouth, who, with the abbot of St. Alban's, had the right
of presentation. Those of its parishioners who attended divine service in
the chapel for a whole year had rights of burial and baptism in it, and
there did such penance as might be imposed on them, rendering also to
the vicar of Woodhorn certain payments in kind. Notwithstanding the
arrangement made with Pudsey, the archdeacon received from Horton
his hospitalia and synodal fees, and the chapel was represented at his
courts.^

At this period, as appears from the certificate, the vicar of Woodhorn
had very limited rights in Horton. The prior and convent of Tynemouth
were patrons of the benefice and received an annual pension, but did not
become possessed of the temporalities until Bishop Kirkham, who was con-
secrated to the see of Durham in 1249, granted the church of Horton to
Tynemouth priory in reversion upon the death or resignation of the rector,
master Roger de Cantilupe, upon condition that the prior and convent
should endow a vicarage of the annual value of ten marks.^ Endowment
was made before the year 1254, Horton vicarage being included in Pope
Innocent's Valor.^

In place of creating a new and independent vicarage, the prior and
convent appear to have conferred upon the vicar of Woodhorn the tithe

' See vol. viii. of this series, p. 66, note.

^ Venerabili patri R. Dei gratia Dunelmensi episcopo, magister A. archidiaconus Xorthumbrie
salutem et obsequium. Inquisitione facta secundum mandatum vestrum super capella de Hortun, con-
stamus quod a media quadragesima extitit vacans. Presentatores etiam sunt abbas sancti Albani et
prior et conventus de Thinem', et jus liabent presentandi, et non est litigiosa. Cimiterium habent liberum.
Sepulturam, penitentias, et baptisterium habent liberum parrochianorum omnium, qui etiam divina officia
ibi audiunt per totum anni circulum. Oneratur ab annua pensione Ix solidorum.quam percipere con-
sueverunt prior et conventus de Thynem'. Ecclesia vero de VVudehorn percipit etiam bovem et pannum
qui pervenmnt cum corpora praesente parrochianorum capelle de Hortun. Archidiacono respondet in
sequendo capitula, hospiciis et sinodalibus, sicut vicine matrices ecclesie. Estimatur autem 1 marcarum,
nee est sufficienter ornata. Presentatus de moribus et conversatione bonum habet testimonium. Etatem
etiam habet. De literatura et ordinibus pro se respondeat. Coit. MSS. Nero, D i. fol. 120 ; incorrectly-
printed in Gibson, Tynemouth Priory, vol. ii. appendix, No. lix.

^ Gibson, History of Tynemouth, appendix No. Ixxxv. ; Ditrh. Treas. Misc. Chart. No. 6,568.

' Hodgson, Northumbcrlami, pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 424.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 277

of corn and grain in Hartford, as well as all small tithes throughout the
chapelry, and to have bound him to find a clerk to officiate at Horton.
A yearly pension payable by the prior and convent to the incumbent of
Woodhorn was, in 1339, waived by mutual consent.^

The Commissioners for Church Livings appointed in 1650, in recom-
mending that Horton should be made a parish church and should have
annexed to it the chapelry of Cramlington and the township of Newsham
and Blvth Nook, stated that the curacy was then worth eighteen pounds per
annum, but had formerly been worth thirty pounds.^ Two or three years
later the Commissioners for the Propagation of the Gospel raised the value
of the benefice by conferring upon its minister the vicarage of Horton
and forty pounds per annum out of the tithes of Old and New Etal.'
The Restoration brought about a reversion to earlier arrangements. The
curate's stipend thenceforward amounted to sixteen pounds, of which sum
fifteen pounds was precarious, being paid by the vicar of Woodhorn at
pleasure.^ This salary was augmented in 1734 by a grant of two hundred
pounds made by the governors of Queen Anne's Bounty, which was laid
out in 1 74 1 in the purchase of a farm in Allendale. A further augmentation
was made in 1754, but, by a slight irregularity, it was not until August
13th, 1768, that Horton chapelry was severed from the mother church of

' Hec indentura facta inter dominos priorem et conventum de Tynemuth ex parte una et magistrum
Johannem perpetuum vicarium ecclesie de Wodehorn, Dunelmensis diocoesis, ex altera, testatur quod
predictus magister Johannes omnia arreragia annue pensionis silii debite per dominos priorem et
conventum antedictos ratione ordinacionis vicarie sue in ecclesia sen capella de Horton dictis dominis
priori et conventui usque ad festum sancti Miclraelis anno domini millesimo ccc"'" tricesimo nono remisit
et predictam pensionem quietam clamavit. Et predicti prior et conventus omnia arreragia annue
pensionis eisdem debita per magistrum Johannem vicarium de Wodehorn predictum ratione ordinacionis
vicarie sue predicte prefato Johanni remiserunt ac dictam pensionem annuam usque ad festum sancti
Michaelis quietam clamaverunt sub modo et condicione qui secuntur, videlicet quod predictus magister
Johannes tunc solvat vel citra festum Purificationis beate Marie proxime sequens dictis dominis priori
et conventui quadraginta solidos sterlingorum pro pensione predicta pro anno illo, et in festo sancti
Michaelis extunc proxime sequenli solvere incipiat annuam pensionem predictam, et sic de termino in
terminum et anno in annum singulis annis quousque dictam tenuerit vicariam dictam pensionem
integraliter persolvat juxta formam ordinacionis vicarie sue de Wodehorn predicte absque strepitu vel
cavillacione extunc de pensione sibi per dominos priorem et conventum antedictos ratione ordinacionis
vicarie ecclesie seu capelle de Horton debite. Et si contingat, quod absit, quod predictus magister
Johannes vicarius in solucione predictorum quadraginta solidorum vel annue pensionis sue predicte
aliquo anno cessaverit, seu dictam annuam pensionem solvere dissimulaverit, quod liceat dictis dominis
priori et conventui omnia arreragia sibi ut predicitur remissa repetere, et pro hiis arreragiis repetendis
et exigendis eisdem salvatur accio imperpetuum, non obstante hac indentura seu remissione contenta
in eadem. In cujus rei testimonium, etc. Hiis testibus, domino Nicholao rectore ecclesie de Bretby
in Alvertonshire, magistro Radulfo de Blaykston, Petro de Esington, et aliis multis. Datum apud
Tynemuth, secundo die mensis Aprilis, anno Domini millesimo ccc"'" tricesimo nono. Tyncmouth
Cliartulaty, fol. 176.

■ Arch. Ael. ist series, vol. iii. p. 8. ' Lambeth MSS. No. i,oq6, p. 367.

' Bacon, Liber Regis, p. 1275 ; Randall, State 0/ the Clergy, p. 52.

278 HORTON CHAPELRY.

Woodhorn and given a distinct endowment. The vicar of Woodhorn sur-
rendered to the curate of Horton chapelry and to his successors a modus
of _;^'2 los. a year paid for the tithes of Bebsidc, his claim to two acres of
land in Horton, all surplice fees in the chapelry and the herbage of the
chapel yard, the church of Woodhorn continuing to stand charged with
the annual payment of fifteen pounds. At the same time the vicar of
Woodhorn retained for himself and his successors the right of presentation
and all other parochial rights and duties belonging to the church.' The
lesser tithes of Horton and Cowpen townships and all great and small tithes
of Hartford remained with the vicar, and formed the subject-matter of a
case {Kcnnicott v. Watson and others) heard in the Court of Exchequer
in 1 8 14, wherein the vicar of Woodhorn successfully maintained his right
to certain small tithes in Horton and Cowpen.^

Under the District Church Titles Act of 1865 the benefice of Horton
was declared a titular vicarage. The church of St. Mary's, Blyth, erected in
Waterloo Road in 1864 as a chapel of ease to Horton, was created a parish
church in 1896, and an ecclesiastical district was carved out for it from the
ancient chapelry. In 1840 Mrs. Elizabeth Croft granted to the curate and
churchwardens of Horton, on a nine hundred and ninety-nine years' lease,
a piece of land at Cowpen for a Church of England school. The building
erected upon it has long been used as a mission chapel.

Incumbents of Horton.
Rectors.

1 162 {before). Osbert, 'aliquando vicarii functus est officio in ecclesia de Tynemudtha et postea capellae
de Hortuna minister extitit' (Vita Oswini, Surt. See. Pub. No. 8, p. 32). As priest of
Horton he attested a deed of Walter fitz William, lord of Whalton (Hodgson, Northumber-
land, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 248).

1223. Wischard, 'persona de Horton,' was sued by John de Chaux for a messuage and carucate of land
in Horton {Curia Regis Rolls, No. 82).

1250 {circa). Roger de Cantilupe, prebend of Kentish Town in the diocese of London (Newcourt,
Repertorium, vol. i. p. 169), last rector.

Ministers or Stipendiary Curates.

1267. Eudo {Waterford Charters, No. 55). By a deed dated at Horton on June 21st, 1299, Eudo de
Paterby, clerk, quit-claimed to Sir Guischard de Charron the elder a yearly rent of twenty
shillings which he had of the said Guischard for life, 'hiis testibus, Willelmo de Trewyck,

' Deeds in Horton vestry.

• The case is reported in 2 Price, pp. 250-264. Two folio volumes of papers bearing on the case are
among the Woodman MSS. in the library of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 279

Roberto de Vaus, Wilielmo de Bewyck, Roberto de Boroudon, manentibus in Horton,
Ricardo de Stekelaw, et niultis aliis ' (ibid. No. 36) ; and by another deed without date he
gave him a further release of all his lands in the vill and field of Horton formerly bclong^ing
to Adam de Aula, with all buildings thereon, ' hiis testibus, dominis Roberto de la Vale,
Radulfo de Essenden, Wilielmo de Framelyngton, militibus, Johanne de Dudden, Ricardo
Cunbers, Roberto de Burudon, et aliis {WaUrford Charters, No. 71).

1499. Robert Calowm {ibid. No. 42).

157S. John Leighton, brother of Robert Leighton, vicar of Horsley {Ecclesiastical Pyoceedings of Bishop
Barnes, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 22, p. cxxviii) ; a native of Hexham and canon of Hexham
priory. He was ordained subdeacon, September 23rd, 1531 ; deacon and priest, May 24th,
1532 {Priory of Hexham, vol. i. p. cxxii, Surt. Soc. Pub.). He was officiating at Horton on
January 26th, 1 577/8, but had not been licensed {Ecclesiastical Proceedings, p. 35), and
was removed to the curacy of Chevington befSre July following {ibid. pp. 76, 94). In 1581,
being then eighty years old, he gave evidence at Hexham in a tithe-suit about Walwick
Grange.

1578. Edward Bedome, then in deacon's orders {Ecclesiastical Proceedings, pp. 76, 94). He became
vicar of the mother church of Woodhorn in the following year, and was vicar of Eglingham
in 1590.

1582. Alexander Leighton," [previously curate at Whalton {Ecclesiastical Proceedings, pp. 35, 76, 94);
curate of Cramlington in 15S6, and of South Gosforth in 1605 ']. ■•

1582. Thomas Jackson" [M.A., son of Robert Jackson, alderman of Berwick, was instituted to Norham
vicarage, July 7th, 1590']. On June nth, 1583, the church was interdicted for omission to
elect churchwardens {Ecclesiastical Proceedings, p. 100).

1585. Thomas Haigh,^ living September 8th, 1625, when he took a lease of lands in Cowpen (Anderson
deeds).

1645. William Methven occurs as minister April 7th, 1645 ;' living in 1650 {Arch. Ael. 1st series,
vol. iii. p. 8).

1652 {circa). George Hawdon, M.A. (Lambeth MSS. 1006, p. 430) ; was ordained priest, September 22nd,
1661 {Bishop Cosin's Correspondence, vol. ii. p. 33, Surt. Soc. Pub.), and was collated two days
later to Stannington vicarage,' from which he was ejected in the following year for non-
conformity (Calamy, Ejected Ministers, 2nd ed. p. 518).

1661. Thomas Di.xon, M.A., ordained priest September 22nd, 1661 {Bishop Cosin's Correspondence,
vol. ii. p. 2,3)-

1665. John Dickinson occurs as minister.' In 1663 he was officiating at Cramlington, but was not
licensed {Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. xvii. p. 246). He was living in 1671.'

1682. Miles Birkett of Underbarrow in Westmorland ; son of George Birket, clerk ; was educated
at Hawkshead ; admitted pensioner of St. John's College, Cambridge, July 4th, 1673,
aged 20 {Admissions to St. John's College, Cambridge, vol. ii. p. 47) ; occurs as minister
of Horton in 1682'; also officiated at Cramlington ; married at Bedlington, September
2ist, 1 688, Jane Cowling of that place; was instituted to Heddon-on-the- Wall, August 7th,
1691, and, dying on May 24th, 1709, was buried in that church {Arch. Ael. 2nd series,
vol. xi. p. 251).

1710 {circa). [William] Haswell (Warburton's MSS.) [formerly master of Hexham grammar-school ;
also curate at Bothal, where he was buried, February 24th, 1714/5].

1725. John Potter, a native of Newbiggen in the parish of Dacre, co. Cumberland ;' entered upon the
curacies of Horton and Cramlington, June 24th, 1725 ;* buried at Horton, October 30th,
1763,' aged 78 (M.I. Cramlington). He was father of Emmanuel Potter, vicar of Tyne-
mouth and perpetual curate of Wallsend.

* There were three contemporary clergymen bearing this name. One, 'ane old preist,' was buried
at St. John's, Newcastle, March 26th, 1596 ; a second was buried at All Saints', Newcastle, November
13th, 1610 ; a third was buried at St. Nicholas', Newcastle, October ist, 1612.

28o HORTON CHAPELRY.

Peupetuai, Cukates.

1764. Richard Muckle, 'a Scot by descent,' ' nominated curate January 23rd, 1764, p.m. Potter ; ' voted
for a freehold in Bebside, 1774 ; died September 8th, 1783, aged 44 (M.I. Horton).

1783. WilHam Treakell, LL.B. [son of William Treakell of Andover, Hants; educated at Magdalen Hall,
O.xford ; matriculated July 21st, 1753, aged 19];^ admitted December 8th, 1783, p.m. Muckle.'

1785. James Wilkinson, a native of Newbiggen in Cumberland; admitted May ist, 1785;' married
June I2th, 1792, Mary Hubbard of Bedlington, a native of King's Lynn.'

1813. Robert Messenger, also perpetual curate of Ninebanks, where he resided; died at Newcastle, 13th
June, 1837, aged 68 (M.I. Horton). During his incumbency the Rev. William D. Thompson
officiated at Horton. Mr. Thompson was afterwards for sixteen years vicar of Mitford, where
he died 31st January, 1844, aged 63 (M.I. Mitford). He was succeeded at Horton by his
brother, George Thompson, who was subsequently curate of Heatherycleugh in Weardale.

1840. Richard Dutton Kennicott, second son of Benjamin Kennicott, vicar of Woodhorn ; born
February 3rd, 1796 ; was educated at University College, O.xford ; matriculated June 20th,
1814 ; B.A. 1818 ; was presented in 1845 to Holy Trinity, Stockton, which living he held
until his death on December 20th, 1886.''

1845. James Boucher, /><;>- res. Kennicott ; of Worcester College, Oxford ; matriculated May 14th, 1830,
aged 18; B.A. 1834; M.A. 1837.

1847. Nathaniel Atkinson, second son of Adam Atkinson of Lorbottle ; born April 30th, 1822.

1856. William Greenwell, of University College, Durham; B.A. 1S51 ; M.A. i860; chaplain of Blyth,
1 860- 1 866.

Titular Vicars.

1865. William Greenwell, resigned his benefice in 1903, died January 12th, 1906.

1903. Harry Percy Cutitr, per res. Greenwell ; of Durham University; B.A. 1891 ; M.A. 1894.

' Randall, State 0/ the Clergy, and Randall's MSS. Diirh. Cath. Lib.

^ Durham Consistory Court Books.

' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 275 (Horton Miscellanea, No. 8 b).

* Horton Register. ' Foster, Alumni Oxonienses.

The church plate includes a flagon and cup made by Mordecai Fox of
London, dated respectively 1753 and 1755, and a paten made by John
Langlands of Newcastle, dated 1770, all presented by Mrs. Atlee of West
Hartford, as well as a silver communion plate presented in 1904 by Miss
M. P. Forster.' The registers of baptisms and marriages commenced to be
kept regularly in 1662, but contain a few entries for 1648 and the following
years. Burials have been recorded only from the year 1725.

Selected Entries from Horton Registers.

Mr. Jno. Wolfall and Mrs. Dorothy Ridley, married.

William Wharton and Hannah Clutterbuck of St. John's, Newcastle, married.
William Archer and Dorothy Branling {sic) of North Seaton in the parish of Wood-
horn, married.
Cuthbert Ogle and Mary Medcalfe, both of Newcastle, married, Shields.
Mrs. Issabell Ogle, wife to Mr. Cuthbert Ogle of Stickley, buried.
William Carr, son to Captain Charles and Mrs. Mary Fielding, Bebside, baptised.

A description of the church plate is given in Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. v. pp. 29-30.

1669, June

12.

1726/7, Jan.

15-

1727, April

1729, July

17-

1734/5, Jan.

28.

1739/40- Mar.

12.

HORTON TOWNSHIP. 28 I

1740, Aug. 18. William Scott and Jane Atkinson of All Saints' parish, Newcastle, married at Ilorton.
1750/1, Feb. 18. Mr. Cuthbert Ogle from Newcastle, buried at Horton.
1756, April 19. Stephen Watson and Isabell Boutflower, both of this parish, married.
1761, Sept. II. Mrs. Catherin Reed of West Hartforth, buried at Horton.

1805, May 7. Cuthbert William Errington, first son of Ralph Errington, esq., native of Chesters,

Warden, by his wife, Margaret Diana Watson, native of this parish, baptised.

Miscellanea.'

•734i June 21. W^e whose names are underwritten, ye minister, the 24 and principal inhabitants of
ye chappelry of Horton, for the better and more effectual care of providing for ye poor of ye said
chappelry, do unanimously agree that from ye day of the date hereof every particular township and
constablery of ye said chappelry shall take care and provide for their respective poor yearly, and every
year hereafter, and make assessments according to their proportions dulie, and appoint as they please
ye respective constables to assess ye particular constablerys quarterly, or as ye particular township shall
agree thereon ; and that ye said collectors of ye respective township or constablyry shall give an
account to ye minister and churchwardens at every Easter ye sums so assess'd and disburs'd, to ye
intent that ye said minister and ye body of parishioners may be satisfy'd that due care is taken of all
ye poor in their particular constablerys, and 'tis order'd that the same be yearly inserted in this
church-book. Horton Church Books. See also Wallace, History of Blyth, pp. 253-255.

1736 [circa). Horton chapel, parochial under Woodhorn. Resident curate, Mr. Potter, within a mile
for want of a house. Value to the vicar, ;/^40. Salary ^25 and the church-yard. Service twice every
Sunday. Sacrament four times [a year] ; thirty come. Catechism in Lent. Bishop Chandler's Fzsi/aYion.

1792, August 3. A terrier of the curacy of Horton :

The chapel-yard, containing one acre, annual rent ...

A modus payable for the tithes of Bebside estate

The sweepage of two acres lying in Laverock Hall farm," encompassed with the
lands of Lord Hastings, unenclosed and specified by landmarks, commuted for
annual payment of ...

Stipend out of the vicarage of Woodhorn

A farm in the chapelry of West Allendale, called Red-heugh, consisting of a dwelling
house, etc., sixteen acres of grass land, two stints in the home pasture, and I5 stints
in hilly pasture, and an unlimited right of pasture and turbary on Gristley-row
common. This farm was purchased in partnership, and afterwards divided from
that of John Routledge. Rental 30 o o

A farm in the parish of Stanhope called Snape-close, consisting of a dwelling house,

etc., and 36a. 2r. i p. of grass land ; rental ... ... ... ... ••• ••• y> o o

Surplice fees : A marriage by licence, los. 6d. ; clerk, 3s. 6d. Marriage by banns, 6s. 6d. ; clerk,
2s. A christening, is. 6d. ; clerk, lod. A funeral, is. ; clerk, lod., raised to 2s. A mortuary
of los. for every housekeeper who leaves goods to the value of ^40. Erecting a headstone,
los. 6d. ; a through stone, ^i is. Burying within the church, los. 6d. The clerk has also 4d.
a year from every inhabited house and 6d. from every farm in the parish. He is appointed by
the minister. Horton Church Books.

' For archdeacons' visitations of the chapel see Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 274-275
(Horton Miscellanea, No. 7). E.xtracts from the churchwardens' accounts are given in Proc. Sac. Aiitiq.
Newcastle, loc. cit.

- This item previously occurs in a terrier of Woodhorn vicarage made in 1663 (Hodgson, Northum-
berland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 187). The vicars of Woodhorn held, at an earlier period, a tenement of twenty-
three acres in Horton. In 1286 John, vicar of Woodhorn, brought an assize against Guischard de
Charron the elder, Guischard his son, Robert de Burdon, and John son of Ralph of Horton, for common
of pasture in Horton with all his cattle in two hundred acres of moor and pasture during the whole
year, and in one hundred acres of arable every third year, after the corn was cut. The jury found
that the vicar was seised of common only for his plough-o.\en at the time of ploughing. Assize Rolls,
No. 1,274, m. 8.

Vol. IX. 36

282 HORTON CHAPELRY.

Horton rectory was assessed, in Pope Nicholas's taxation of 1292, at
;^20 13s. 4d. yearly value,' and comprised the great tithes of Horton,
Cowpen and Bebside townships, valued respectively at twenty, eight and
three marks. ^ During the fourteenth century the rectory sank considerably
in value. In the Nonae taxation of 1340 the ninth of sheaves, fleeces and
lambs was required after the ancient taxation,^ but this evoked a petition
from the men of Horton and other parishes in the county, who joined in
representing that their crops and goods had been burned and destroyed and
their animals plundered by the Scots in the invasion of that year. A com-
mission of enquiry was granted and payment was consequently respited.^
The ecclesiastical taxation of 1357 gave the rectory an annual value of not
more than eight pounds.*

Bebside, being demesne land of the priory, had ceased to pay corn tithes
before the suppression of the monasteries. Cowpen tithes were at that time
farmed, under convent seal, at a rent of five pounds. ° The great tithes of
Horton township were granted on lease in 1539 to Sir Thomas Hilton,
farmer of Tynemouth demesne, at ^3 6s. 8d. yearly rent.' Evidence given
in the Durham Consistory Court in 1596 established the existence of a
modus of £2 13s. 4d. payable for the tithe corn of Horton demesne."

The tithes of grain in Cowpen were included in a sale of Tynemouth
rectory made by the Crown on February 9th, 1588/g, to Edmund Downing
and Charles Dodding," from whose representatives they were acquired in
moieties by Henry, ninth earl of Northumberland, and Sir Robert Delaval
of Seaton Delaval.'" Sir Robert Delaval bequeathed his moiety of the tithes
by will to his fourth son, Edward Delaval of Black Callerton, for the term of
ninety-nine years. Edward Delaval assigned his interest, on January 9th,
1653/4, to his nephew, Henry Delaval of Cowpen, w^hose representatives
joined with Sir Ralph Delaval, second baronet, on October 19th, 1691, in a
sale to Peter Potts of Newcastle, for the sum of ^140." The Delaval moiety

' Taxatio Ecclcsiastica, Record Com. p. 316.

■ Gibson, History of Tynemouth, vol. ii. p. Ixxxvi.

' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. xxxvii.

' Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1343-1345, p. 409; 1350-1354, p. 2S3 ; Cat. Close Rolls, 1354-1360, pp. 71, 185, 409.

' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 426.

' Land Revenue Enrolment Books, vol. clxxiii., fol. 210.

' Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 218. " Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

' Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 248. '° See vol. viii. of this series, pp. 370-371.

" Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds.

EAST HARTFORD AND WEST HARTFORD TOWNSHIPS. 283

of the tithes passed from Mr. Potts to Henry Sidney of the Temple,
and is now held by his representative, Mr. Henry Sidney of Cowpen ; the
other moiety became vested in the duke of Northumberland.

Horton tithes were included in a grant of tithes arising out of the parish
of Woodhorn made by the Crown on May 24th, i6og, to Francis Morrice
and Francis Phillips,' and were subsequently acquired by purchase by
Baptist Hicks, Viscount Campden, who, in his will, dated October 13th,
1629, settled one moiety of the same upon the minister who should from
time to time be nominated by his heirs and executors to preach at
Hampstead, and bequeathed the other moiety to the London Company of
Mercers ' for the better mayntenance and advancement of such scholler
and schollers as from time to time for ever from and after the death of
the earle of Northumberland shall bee preferred from Paule's schoole to
Trinity Colledge in Cambridge.' This latter endowment went to provide
the Campden Exhibitions, which are still paid to members of St. Paul's
School, London, and are now tenable at any university or other approved
place of liberal education. The funds are administered by the Mercers'
Company under a scheme of the Charity Commissioners dated June 21st,
1875.=

EAST HARTFORD AND WEST HARTFORD TOWNSHIPS.

The two townships of Hartford occupy the district included by the
river Blyth on the north, Horton burn on the east, the Morpeth turnpike
on the west, and Cramlington and Horton townships upon the south.
Originally a single township, the district came, before the commencement
of the fifteenth centurv, to be divided into the vills of East Hartford and
West Hartford, comprising respectively 309 and 52o|- acres. The farms
of East Hartford and West Hartford, the hamlet of Plessey Checks, and
a few houses at Hartford bridge, were for long the only buildings in this
area, but the opening of a colliery at East Hartford in 1866 has produced
a considerable increase of population.^

' Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 249.

' Gardiner, Admission Registers of St. Paul's ScJiool, appendix E.

'Population returns for the two townships are as follow: East Hartford — 1801, 18; iSii, 13;
1821,15; 1831,12; 1841,26; 1851,10; 1861,13; 1871,124; 1881,117; 1891,198; 1901,667. West
Hartford— I So I, 87 ; 1811,97; 1821,57; 1831,55; 1841,39; 1851,57; 1861,62; 1871,73; 1881,78;
1891, So ; 1901, 79.

284 HORTQN CHAPELRY.

Hartford, a name that appears in its older forms as Hertford and
Hereford, takes its origin from a ford across the Blyth on the line of the
medieval highroad that deflected from the main north road at Fisher lane
end, on the confines of Stannington and Weetslade townships, and joined
it again at Morpeth. At the beginning of the thirteenth century the ford
had already been superseded by a bridge ; and the chapel of St. James,
founded before the year 1201 by Richard de Plessis at the top of the
south bank of the Blyth, immediately to the west of the highroad, appears
to have been commonly known from the first as the hospital of Hartford
bridge.' x^s the hospital lay within the parish of Stannington, and was
consequently situated outside the district now under consideration, it is
sufficient to note that its endowment included a few selions or roods of
land in the vill of Hartford, immediately to the east of the highroad, granted
by Arkil, son of Edmund, and Adam, son of Gilbert of Shotton. A certain
Richard, son of Angelin, confirmed Arkil's deed of gift.^

Although no trace of the original bridge remains, the present structure,
consisting of three arches springing from two water-piers, embodies a bridge
of the fifteenth or sixteenth century, to which period may be ascribed the
eastern section of arches, water-piers and abutments up to the level of the
modern road. The arches, in other respects segmental, derive a three-
centred form from the rounded shape of the springing stones, and towards
the east they are of three chamfered orders. Their soffit is flat and without
ribs. The water-piers are pointed to the stream and capped by a sloping
weathering which dies into the spandrils below the road-level. The northern
abutment rests on a splayed plinth and presents a straight face parallel to
the course of the river. The bridge was widened in or about the year 1688,'
and, in 1904, received a further extension.

Hartford formed a portion of the barony of Whalton, and the services
due from it, as a member of the manor of Horton, were granted by

'Locus qui dicitur ad pontem de Herford; Brinkhurn Chartiilary, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 90, p. 186;
Rotuli Chartarum, Record Com. p. 88.

'"' The hospital has been described by Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 303-307 ; and the
deeds of endowment are set out in the Brinkburii Cliartulary, -pp. 146-150, 155. For grants of land in
the vill of Hartford see ibid. pp. 147-148, and for references to the strata regia, regale chimiiium, or via
rcgalis that crossed the Blyth on the east side of the hospital, ibid. pp. 146, 148, 150.

'July i6th, 1687. Ordered that the repair of Harford bridge be referred to James Howard and
Patrick Crow, esqrs. April 25th, 1688. Ordered that Hartford bridge, being to be repayred by ye
county and the county pallatine of Durham, that Sir Richard Neile and Mr. Crow, or any two
adjoyneing justices, veiw the same, and that they send to ye justices in Durham to veiw the same that it
may be repayred. Quarter Sessions Books, vol. ii.

EAST HARTFORD AND WEST HARTFORD TOWNSHIPS. 2^5

Constance de Crammaville and Robert, her son, to Walran, son of Robert
Viscount, and confirmed to Walran by royal charter dated January 20th,
1203/4/ -^ moiety of Hartford had, however, been granted to Tyneinouth
priory before the year 11 89, presumably by Constance de Crammaville, or
by her father, Walter fitz William.^ The two moieties are represented
at the present day by East Hartford and West Hartford.

While the lords of Horton retained East Hartford in their own hands,
West Hartford was granted by the prior and convent of Tynemouth to a
local familv. Robert de Hereford did homaa;e to the abbot of St. Alban's
in 1264 for his tenement in the vill of Hartford, as did his son Richard
in 129 1.' A portion of this freehold, consisting of a messuage, eighty-seven
acres three roods of arable, two-and-a-half acres of meadow, and twenty-
three pence rent, was bought back by the priory before the year 1307.''
Robert de Hereford had previously alienated part of his lands to Sir
Guischard de Charron.'* Charron's descendant. Sir Bertram Monboucher,
was seised, at the time of his death, in 1388, of two husbandlands in West
Hartford, held of the prior of Tynemouth in socage.^

In 1292 the prior and convent of Tynemouth were deriving a rent of
fourteen shillings out of the vill of Hartford.' Their lands were probably
chiefly pasture, for in the subsidy roll of 1296 for Tynemouthshire Adam
the shepherd was the only householder in the township who paid subsidy.*
During part of the fourteenth century West Hartford appears to have been
allocated to the almoner of the monastery, who paid out of it fivepence
halfpenny for abbot's scot or cornage ;" but in 1376 the monastic property
was in the prior's hands, and was leased at a yearly rent of two marks.
The convent was then deriving quit-rents of twopence and eighteenpence
respectively from Sir Bertram Monboucher and from Basset's land.'

' See above, p. 244.

^ Vol. viii. of this series, p. 68 n. On the other hand Hartford is not included in a general confimia
tion of lands given to the priory by Henry II. in 1158 ; ihid. p. 62 n.

' St. A Iban's Rei^tster, fols. 62, nib, 1 53 b.

' See vol. viii. of this series, p. 115. In 1302 Cecily, widow of Richard, son of Robert of West
Hereford, successfully sued Robert Chevale, the donor, for dower in this property. De Banco Rolls,
No. 143, m. 45 d. Chevale was esquire to the abbot of St. Alban's, and was buried in the abbey church.
Amundesham, Annalcs MonasUrii S. Albani, Rolls Series, vol. i. p. 444.

'^ Dicunt etiain [juratores] quod dominus Wichardus de Charron intravit feudum abbatis in \yest
Herford per dimissionem Roberti de West Herford ; et Alicia, que fuit u.xor Ricardi filii Ricardi de
Est Herford, dimisit eidem domino Wichardo .x.xiij acras terre et unam acram prati, sive in termino
sive in feodo ignorant. St. Alban's Register, fol. 154.

' Inq. p.m. 12 Ric. II. No. 36. ' Tynemouth Chariulary, fol. 55 b.

' Hertford, summa bonorum Ade bercarii, £1 is. 6d. ; unde regi, is. iiid. Lay Subsidy Roll, ip.

" Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 67. '" Ibid. fols. 53 b and 61 b.

286 HORTON CHAPELRY.

This last item probably represents the ancient freehold of the Hartford
or Hereford family. It appears to have come, a little later, to John de
Whitlawe, possibly a son or grandson of that William de Whitlawe of
Cramlington who, in 1334, took a lease of the Monboucher lands in West
Hartford.' In 1377 John de Whitlawe received an assignment of certain
lands in Hartford formerly belonging to John de Glanton ; ^ he obtained
a release in 1397 of lands in Bedlington from Henry de Bedlington, son
of William de Hartford;' and he also acquired, on May 3rd, 1386, John
Basset's property in Eachwick.''

In 1536 the prior and convent of Tynemouth granted their portion
of West Hartford on a long lease to Thomas Lawson of Cramlington at
forty shillings rent, upon condition that he should maintain a tenement
there, then lying waste, and all other premises, at his owm charges, according
to the custom of the country.' Thomas Lawson accounted to the Crown,
at the suppression of the monasteries, for his own farm and for free rents
of sixpence halfpenny and twentypence respectively from the representa-
tives of Sir Guischard Harbottle and from Blakeden's heirs."

The Blakedens or Blagdens, who were then possessed of John de
Whitlawe's freehold in Hartford, took their name from the neighbouring
village of Blagdon, where also they had property. Robert Blakeden was
living at West Hartford in 1499," ^n<^ ^^^^ two sons,' Cuthbert Blakeden,

' Omnibus hoc scriptum cyrograffatum visuris vel audituris, Ricardus de Wylleby, miles, et Johanna,
uxor ejus, salutem in IJomino. Noveritis nos unanimi assensu concessisse et dimisisse Willelmo de
Whitlawe tiia tofta cotagiorum et triginta acras terre arrabilis cum suis pertinenciis in villa et tenitorio
de Horford West, habendum et tenendum omnia predicta terras et tenementa predicto Willelmo pro
toto tempore vite sue de nobis et heredibus nostris, etc., reddendo inde annuatim, etc., novem solidos
argenti, etc. Et preterea predictus Willelmus concessit pro se et heredibus suis edificare et construere
predicta tria tofta suis propriis sumptibus, etc. Hiis testibus, Roberto de Rihill, Roberto de Byker,
Roberto \'escy de Haliwell, et aliis. Datum apud Horton, in festo nativitatis beate Marie, anno gratie
millesimo tricentesimo tricesimo quarto. Byit. Mtis. Harleian Charters, 58, B. 6.

" Pateat universis per presentes quod nos, Ricardus Aliceson et Johannes Custson de Coupon,
dedimus, etc., Johanni de Whitlawe duo messuagia et octo acras terrae cum pertinenciis in Herforth,
que nos habuimus de dono et feoftamento Johannis de Glanton, etc. Hiis testibus, Thoma de Trewyk,
Ricardo de Basset, Willelmo de Cramlyngton, et aliis. Datum apud Herforth, in festo sancti Mathei
apostoli, anno regni regis Ricardi secundi primo. Two seals, on each a stag. Diir. Treas. Misc. Chart.
No. 6,678.

' Deed at Milburn hall dated April 29th, 1397, I'.v Hodgson ;\1SS. vol. Z, p. 487, In 1349 William
de Hartford was found to have died seised of thirty-six acres in Bedlington, leaving John de Hartford
his brother and heir. 45^ Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 211. If this holding is identical with one of twenty-
four acres and a messuage held, circu 1380, by Richard Basset in right of his wife {Bishnp Hatfield's
Survey, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 32, p. 125), the connexion between the Hartfords and Bassets becomes
clearer. An account of the Basset family is reserved for Cowpen township.

* Newmiitster Chartulary, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 66, p. 196.

' Land Revenue Enrolment Books, vol. clxxiii., fol. 228.

' Exchequer K.R. Ministers' Accounts, 38 Hen. VIII. -i Edw. VI., No. 51.

' Waterford Charters, No. 42. ' Star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. VIII. bundle 5, No. 15.

EAST HARTFORD AND WEST HARTFORD TOWNSHIPS. 287

who was apothecary at the court of Henry VIII. and sergeant of tlie king's
confectionery/ and John Blakeden, vicar of Kenmarton in the diocese of
Worcester and afterwards warden of the chapel of Corpus Christi, near
the church of St. Lawrence by Candelwyke-street in London."

In 1548 Ralph Blakeden of Gringley-on-the-hill in the county of
Nottingham sold to Gerard Lawson, son of Thomas Lawson of Cramlington,
all his lands in West Hartford and Cowpen for the sum of twenty-six
pounds. Lawson's title, however, was not undisputed, for in 1600 Richard
Gray the elder of Gringley filed a bill in Chancery against Thomas Lawson,
son of Gerard Lawson, asserting that John Blakeden of Gringley, then
xieceased, had, on January 15th, 1559/60, conveyed to John Gray of the
same place, whose heir the complainant was, the reversion of all his lands
in Blagdon, West Hartford and Cowpen, upon the death of Isabel, widow
of Gawen Blakeden. Thomas Lawson produced Ralph Blakeden's deed
of feoffment, and no further proceedings appear to have been taken.'

In the partition of the Harbottle estates made in 1540 between Dame
Eleanor Percy and Dame Mary Fitton, sisters and co-heirs of George
Harbottle, the township of East Hartford, with lands in the adjoining
townships of West Hartford and Bebside, and lands and salt pans in
Cowpen, fell to the share of Dame Eleanor Percy.* She and her second
husband. Sir Richard Holland, had subsequently to meet claims advanced
by Margaret Middleton, widow of George Harbottle, to dower out of the
Harbottle inheritance. The case was heard before Sir Richard Lister and
Sir Richard Portman, chief justices of the pleas, who, on February 14th,
1546/7, awarded the disputed premises to Margaret Middleton, to be leased
by her, at a yearly rent, to Sir Richard Holland and his wife.^ In 1551
Dame Eleanor Percy, who had resumed the name of her first husband upon
the death of the second, granted to Thomas Harbottle a lease of her
Cowpen property. Thomas Harbottle also farmed East Hartford and
the Bebside lands.'' The Harbottle farm in West Hartford was leased

' Letters ami Papers, Henry VIII. vol. ii. p. 1465 ; vol. iv. pp. 54, 1571.

^ John Blakeden, M.A., was presented to the living of Kenmarton on February- 2nd, 1529/30 (ibid.
vol. iv. p. 2809), and to the college or chapel of Corpus Christi on June 26th, 1532 (ibid. vol. v. p. 529).
He died before December 14th, 1536 {ibid. vol. .\i. p. 566). Will dated May 12th, 1535 {North Country
Wilts, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 116, p. 283).

' Chancery Proceedings, Elizabeth, G. 3, No. 17. * See above, p. 270.

5 Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

'Ibid. In Hall and Humberstone's survey, taken in 1570, widow Harbottle is entered as tenant
of a tenement in West Hartford, and Thomas Harbottle as tenant of three salt pans in the manor
of Cowpen and tenements in East Hartford and Bebside. E.xchequer K. R. Miscellaneous Books,
vol. .\.\xvii., fols. 201, 202.

288 HORTON CHAPELRY.

to another member of the family, Sampson Harbottle, who occupied it for
about fifty-eight years, and was succeeded by his widow, Magdalen
Harbottle. She compounded for her interest in the lease with Gerard
Lawson, the purchaser of Blakeden's estate and farmer of the monastic
lands. Harbottle's lands are stated to have contained about a twelfth
part of the hamlet.' Their boundaries are set out in a contemporary
survey as follow :

Theis be the particulers and bounders of my ladye Percye's landes lyinge in Weste Herford :

Firste a hole mesuage with a crofte and wynde mylne and the hole place in the which the said
mylne was made in, together with all my landes which I have in the towne and terrytorye of West
Herford.

Item, one rood of land in the territory of West Herford by these bounds, beginning at Alrydene-
brigge, extending to the north by Siketire to Benlandmer, and so eastward to the land called Johnson
(filius Johannis), and so by that land on the west part, ascending to the south as far as the said bridge
of Alrydenebrigge, so that they may well have that rood of land with all the land which belongs to me
within the said bounds.

Item, six acres of land with one toft and croft, lying between Adam le Dichephard and William
Johnson (filium Johannis) in the vill of West Herford.

Item, common of pasture in West Herford, with all her cattle or those of her heirs or assigns,
everywhere grazing without the corn and meadow and beast pasture.

Dame Percy's estates descended to her son Thomas, seventh earl of
Northumberland, and were consequently forfeited to the Crown upon the
attainder of that earl in 1570. East Hartford and the Bebside tenement
were granted on lease by the Crown, on July 19th, 1571, to Matthew
Ogle.' Before the year 1584* East Hartford had been alienated from the
Crown, and had come into the possession of Thomas Bates of Milburn
and Holywell, whose representative, Mr. Ralph Mortimer of Milburn hall, is
its present owner. The earl's lands in Cowpen and West Hartford were
granted by James I., on July 19th, 161 6, to a Scottish follower, John
Murray, afterwards earl of Annandale."

Thomas Lawson and his descendants continued to farm the priory lands
in West Hartford during the whole period that those lands remained Crown
property. On March 2nd, 1604/5, they were granted in fee farm to Sir

' Chancery Depositions ' before 17 14,' bundle 667.

- Duke of Northumberland's MSS. The last three paragraphs are given in Latin, and are
apparently extracts from earlier surveys or from deeds of gift.

'Augmentation Office, Enrolments of Leases, 13 Eliz. roll 28, No. 6. The lessee is probably to
be identified with Matthew Ogle of Swalwell, brother of John Ogle of Newsham and Bebside, for whom
see Ogle, Ogh and Bothal, p. 86. He appears to have assigned the Bebside tenement to his brother.

* Chancery Inq. p.m. second series, vol. ccx.xxvi. No. 93.

^ Patent Roll, No. 2,094.

EAST HARTFORD AND WEST HARTFORD TOWNSHIPS. 289

John Ramsay and Thomas Emerson of London.' Ramsay surrendered his
title to Emerson on March iith following, and ten days later Emerson
made conveyance to Thomas Marshall of the parish of St. Martin's-in-the
Fields. In 1607 Marshall also obtained the lease of Harbottle's lands.
He further received from Francis Hall and Constance his wife, widow of
Thomas Lawson of Hartford, an assignment of the manor house and
Blakeden's lands, then in their occupation and presumed to be held on lease
from the Crown. William Lawson, son and heir of Thomas Lawson,
challenged Marshall's title in a Chancery suit initiated by him in 16 15.
Marshall commenced a counter action, and the two lawsuits ran concur-
rently for four years. Blakeden's lands lay so intermingled with the property
formerly belonging to the Crown that great difficulty was experienced in
distinguishing the one from the other. Finally, judgment was given for
Marshall in both cases, failing cause shown to the contrary by Lawson's
counsel." William Lawson appears, however, to have retained an interest
in West Hartford, which he assigned in 1627 to the trustees of Lionel
Fenwick of Blagdon, to whom, on October 24th of the preceding year,
Marshall had likewise conveyed his estate.^

LAWSON OF WEST HARTFORD.

Gerard Lawson [younger son of Thomas Lawson of Cramlington, who took a lease of lands in West
Hartford from Tyiiemouth priory for 41 years, 1st September, 1536 (c)] ; purchased Blakeden's lands
in Hartford and Cowpen, 30th June, 1548 (a) (c) ; took a lease of the Crown lands in West Hartford
for 21 years, 21st May, 1574 {d) ; died circa 1582 {it).

I
Thomas Lawson, son and heir (a) ; farmer of the priory lands in West Hartford ; took a lease == Constance, mar-

of Harbottle's lands in that township, gth July, 1593 (Ji") ; sold his lands in Cowpen to Thomas
Preston, 22nd April, 1589 (/) ; party to suit in Chancery with Richard Gray in 1600 (a) ;
died circa i5oi (/5).

ried secondly,
Francis Hall

Gerard Law- William Lawson, brother and heir ; was eleven years of age at his father's death ; Thomas Law-
son, son and party to suit in Chancery with 'Thomas Marshall in 1616, at which time he is son, living
heir, died stated to have been lunatic (/;) ; was residing in 1626 at Royston ; sold his 21st June,
s.p. (J). lands in West Hartford, 25th Jul)', 1627 (c). 1618 (i5).

(a) Chancery Proceedings, Eliz. G. 3. 17. (rf) Augmentation Office, Particulars for Leases,
(Ji) Chancery Proceedings, James L, M. 6. 19; 31 Eliz. file 7, No. 19.

Depositions 'before 1714,' bundle 667; Decrees (<^) Viscount Ridley's deeds.

and Orders, 1618, B. 1472 ; 1617, B. 956. (/) Cowpen deeds in Messrs. Lambton's Bank, North
(f) Land Revenue Enrolment Books, vol. 173, fol. 22S. Shields.

' Patent Roll, No. 1,640. The reserved rent of two pounds was granted, with various other
fee-farm rents, to the Merchant Adventurers of Bristol for the maintenance of the Colston almshouse in
that city. Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. iii. p. 388.

' The references for Lawson v. Marshall are Chancery Proceedings, James L L. 6. 57 ; Chancery
Depositions 'before 1714,' bundle 667; Chancery Decrees and Orders, 1617, B. 956 and 1125;
1618, B. 245 ; 1619, B. 74. The references for Marshall v. Lawson are Chancery Proceedings, James L,
M. 6. 19 ; Chancery Reports and Certificates, Hilary, 15 James L ; Chancery Decrees and Orders,
1616, A. 827 ; 1618, B. 1472. = Viscount Ridley's deeds.

Vol. IX. V

290

HORTON CHAPELRY.

Fenwick's trustees sold West Hartford in April, 1628, to Edward Grey
of Morpeth castle.' Grey, like some other members of his family, was a
Roman Catholic and a royalist. He was in Newcastle during its siege by
Leslie in 1644, and gave himself up upon the surrender of the town, when
his lands were sequestered. His estate comprised a life interest in Bitchfield
and Little Harle, as well as in the demesnes of West Hartford, the last
property being valued at forty-seven pounds per annum. ^ While his estates
lay under sequestration, in September, 1655, he gave his daughter Mary
in marriage to Thomas Riddell, then described as of Lumley castle, and
afterwards of Swinburn castle and Fenham, agreeing, at the same time, to
pay twelve hundred pounds as his daughter's portion. Grey alleged that
he had hidden a large sum of money in the ground during the Civil War,
and, being unable to find it again, was unable to pay the stipulated portion.
He therefore paid his son-in-law five hundred pounds by means of a rent-
charge out of lands in Swinburn, and assigned West Hartford, by deed
dated April 6th, 1657, to his grandson, Thomas Riddell, in lieu of the
remaining seven hundred pounds. Henry Grey of Bitchfield, eldest son
and heir of Edward Grey, afterwards, in 1681, claimed defeasance on the
ground that the conveyance was a mortgage, and not an absolute purchase,
but failed to prove his case.'

Thomas Riddell and his eldest surviving son and heir, Edward Riddell,
joined in selling Hartford, on November 12th, 1689, to Lancelot Cram-
lington of Newcastle, who by his will devised the same to his wife's grand-
son, William Reed of Newcastle. Reed left three daughters and co-heirs :
Priscilla, wife of John Atlee ; Elizabeth, wife of John Baker of Newcastle ;
and Hannah, who died unmarried in 1754. Mrs. Atlee died in 1800,
having devised her undivided moiety of West Hartford to her sister, Mrs.
Baker, for life ; and upon the death of Mrs. Baker, the property came,
under parallel entails created by the wills of the two sisters, to George Lake
of Long Benton, son of William Lake of the same place. George Lake died
unmarried on June 14th, 1809, at the age of seventy-nine. By his death,
under the provisions of the aforesaid wills. West Hartford devolved upon
his nieces, Elizabeth, relict of Robert Shafto Hedley, alderman of New-
castle, and Alice Hick her sister, daughters of Lewis Hick of Newcastle

' Viscount Ridley's deeds. " Welford, Royalist Compositions, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. in, pp. 217-218.
' Chancery Proceedings, Bridges, No. 488. A pedigree of Grey is given in vol. ii. of this series,
pp. 351 et Siq., and of Riddell in vol. iv. of this series, pp. 284 et seq.

EAST HARTFORD AND WEST HARTFORD TOWNSHIPS. 29 1

by Anne Lake his wife. Miss Hick died intestate on January loth, 1831,
leaving her sister, Mrs. Hedley, heiress at law. Mrs. Hedley died on
March 25th, 1832, having, by will dated June 22nd, 1831, bequeathed her
estate to her eldest son, Robert Shafto Hedley. Mr. Hedley afterwards
removed to Sidbrook, near Taunton in Somerset, and was residing at that
place on May 21st, 1859, when he sold West Hartford for ;^ 12,500 to Sir
Matthew White Ridley, grandfather of the present proprietor.^

Reed of West Hartford.^

I. Robert Reed of Newcastle, master-mariner, master of the Trinity House of Newcastle in 171 1,
married Elizabeth, sister and heir of Thomas Mills of Newcastle, mariner, and daughter and heir of
Robert Mills of the same place, master-mariner, by Jane his wife, who married secondly, Lancelot
Cramlington of West Hartford. By her he had issue a son, William Reed (H).

II. William Reed of Newcastle was apprenticed to John Bowes, senior, of the same place, draper,
November ist, 1707, and was admitted free of the Merchants' Company, December 19th, 1717 (Dendy,
Merchant Adventurers, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. loi, p. 339). He subsequently engaged in the West India trade.
He married Catherine, third daughter of Rowland Place of Dinsdale, county Durham, by Priscilla his
wife (articles before marriage dated November 26th, 1719), by whom he had issue three daughters and
co-heirs : Priscilla, wife of John Atlee (Ilia) ; Elizabeth, wife of John Baker (Illb) ; and Hannah, who
died unmarried, April 14th, 1754, in the twenty-first year of her age, and was buried in St. John's church,
Newcastle (Newcastle Courant). He had West Hartford settled upon him by Lancelot Cramlington,
April 3rd, 1719, and voted for that place as a freeholder in the elections of 1722 and 1734. He died
circa 1739. His widow died at Hartford, September Sth, 1761, and was buried at Horton.

Ilia. Priscilla married John Atlee, a diamond merchant in Lisbon, who died in 1756. By her will,
dated July 30th, 1800, and proved at Durham, March nth, i8o8, she left legacies to Jane Jones, sister
of George Lake of Benton, and to William Samuel Lake, nephew of the said George Lake. She died
s.p. September 28th, 1800, aged 78, and was buried at All Saints', Newcastle (Newcastle Courant).

1 1 lb. Elizabeth Reed married at Horton, July 1st, 1762, John Baker, alderman of Newcastle, son
of Francis Baker of Tanfield-leigh, county Durham, but left no issue. Her will, dated May 21st, 1803,
was proved at Durham, March i8th, 180S.

The large old manor house in which Lancelot Cramlington lived,
and which was last used as a family residence by Mrs. Atlee and Mrs.
Baker,^ stood on the river bank, immediately above the Blyth, and was
reached by a branch road leading north from the Blyth and Morpeth turn-
pike. By the year 1849 it had fallen into a dilapidated state,'* and it was
afterwards completely demolished. Li all probability it occupied the site
of the manor house inhabited by the Lawson family during the sixteenth
century.

' Viscount Ridley's deeds. A pedigree of Reed, Hick and Hedley is given in Hodgson, North-
umberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 276 (Horton Miscellanea, No. 11).

'' Based on Viscount Ridley's deeds, and on a pedigree in Hodgson, loc. cit.

' Hodgson, Nortliunihcrland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 268.

' Lewis, Topographical Dictionary, vol. ii. p. 422.

292

HORTON CHAPELRY.

BEBSIDE TOWNSHIP.

Eastward from Horton dene lies Bebside, a township of 536 acres,
bounded on the north by the steep wooded banks of the Blyth, from the
stepping stones leading across the river to Humford mill down to a point
immediately above Bebside furnace and the ruins of the Bedlington iron-
works. Cowpen township lies to the east and Horton to the south. The
population, at the census of 1901, totalled fifty-eight.^ A hamlet bearing
the name of Bebside colliery has sprung up at Cowpen High-house, but lies
wholly in Cowpen township and consequently falls outside the limits of the
district here under discussion.

Bebside, with Cowpen, formed part of the barony of Bolam. One
moiety of it was granted, in the reign of Henry H., to the prior and
convent of Tynemouth ;- the other portion continued to be held of the
lords of Bolam by various tenants in socage, namely, the Bassets, whose
property passed to the Mitford family, and the Monbouchers, who, in 14 17,
were returned as holding three husbandlands in Bebside.^

Survey of Bebside Demesne, 1295.'

P-

r. p.

In Overswerclandes near the hall

In the Flores

3 0

(curia)

Between the village and the

broken

In the Burne-side

cross

0 20

In the same

Over the gate

2 0

In the same

On the west side of the way ..

0 20

On the north side of the hall

In Stanyllat-north

2 0

In the same

In Suth-Stanyflat

2 30

In Ruwemer

In Hardacre-ley

2 30

In the same

In Cotes-flat

I 0

In the Langeflat

1 1

On the west side of the field

called

In Ylilawe

Leyes

I 30

In a field called the Leys

In a garth

3 0

By gradual acquisitions of property the religious house added to its

' The following are the census returns for this township: 1801, 126; 181 1, 102 ; 1821, 123; 1831,
100 ; 1 841, 91 ; 1851, 127 : 1861, 53; 1 87 1, 57 ; 1S81, 54 ; 1891, 78 ; 1901, 58.

" Vol. viii. of this series, p. 68 n. One moiety only of the vill was monastic land, as appears from a
return made in 1428 ; Feudal Aids, vol. iv. p. 79.

^ Inq. p.m. 5 Hen. V. No. 31. Sir Bertram Monboucher, who died in 1388, is stated to have held
two tenements and eleven acres in Bebside ; Inq. p.m. 12 Ric. II. No. 36. The subsequent descent of
this property, which eventually devohed upon Dame Eleanor Percy, has been traced above under
Hartford. .4n account of the Bassets will be found under Cowpen.

* Tynemouth Cliartulary, fol. 5.

BEBSIDE TOWNSHIP. 293

original holding/ and so became possessed of the greater part of the vill.
In 1292 the monastic demesne comprised a carucate of land and gave a
net yearly return of half a mark."

As one of the ten manors that made up the liberty of Tynemouth,'
Bebside possessed a manorial hall, grange and demesne farm, and formed
an administrative and economic centre for the working of the monastic
estates situated in the vills of Cowpen, Bebside and Hartford. The pre-
Reformation buildings stood on the south side of the Cowpen road and
close to its junction with the road leading northward from Horton to
Bedlington, on the site afterwards occupied by Bebside hall. Suggestions
of the moat that once surrounded them are to be found in disused ditches
to the east and south of Bebside hall, and in a similar depression to the
west. Within the enclosure stood the farm buildings, as well as the hall
in which, on January 13th, 1264/5, Roger de Norton, abbot of St. Alban's,
received the homage of his Cowpen tenants.*

No inhabitants of Bebside are entered on the tallage or subsidy rolls
of Tynemouthshire for 1294-6, nor is it probable that there were other
persons living on the estate than a few manorial servants engaged in
working the demesne. As a result of the agrarian revolution of the
fourteenth century, the monks of Tynemouth appear to have abandoned
the management of their own demesne farms, and Bebside came, before
the year 1376, to be let to a farmer in return for a yearly rent of five
marks.^ The land was, in all probability, converted into a sheep walk.
John Fenwick and Anthony Fenwick, the tenants at the dissolution of the
monastery, had Bebside grange, with the meadows, feedings and pasture
thereunto belonging, leased to them at a rent of five pounds.*^ Their lease
was renewed, on November 13th, 1551, to Ralph Fenwick, during whose
tenancy, on August 3rd, 1565, all the monastic lands in Bebside were granted
to William Haber and John Jenkyns.' Haber and Jenkyns immediately
assigned the interest, for the sum of ;^I09, to John Ogle of Newsham," whose
descendants remained in possession of Bebside until the eighteenth century.

' On February ytli, 1234/5, Thomas, son of Germanus, sold to Walter, prior of Tynemouth, for the
sum of forty shillings, a toft and twenty-four acres in Bebside, and received back, at a yearly rent, a toft
lying between land of Elyas, son of Elstan, and land of William, son of Ulkil, and three acres abutting
upon the fields of Horton and lying between the prior's land and land of Eustace fitz John. Feet of
Fines, case 180, file 4, No. 52. See also vol. viii. of this series, p. 115, for a subsequent grant of a
messuage and twelve acres made by John de Horton.

- Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 54 b.

' Vol. viii. of this series, p. 221. * Ibid. p. 113. ' Tynemouth Chartuiary, fols. 53 b, 61 b.

° Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 227. " Patent Roil, No. 1,012. " Close Roll, No. 6S1.

294

HORTON CHAPELRY.

OGLE OF BEBSIDE.

Arms: Quarterly, I and 4, argnit^ a /ess lietween three crescents gules, a
mullet charged with a crescent for diffeience; 2 and 3, or, an orle
argent. St. George's Visitation, 1615.

John Ooi.e {c) of Newsham,
brother of James Ogle of Caw-
sey-park (c), and a younger
son of Sir William Ogle (<r)
of Cockle-park, knight ; pur-
chased Bebside, nth August,
1565 (e); buried in Seaton
Delaval chapel ; will dated
18th January, 1585/6; proved
the same year (d).

Phillis (c), widow first of George Cramling-
ton of Newsham, and secondly of Edward
Delaval (c), daughter of John Ogle of
Ogle (f) ; had grant out of Bebside, 12th
October, 1586, from her son, William
Ogle, in lieu of dower (/;) ; was residing
at the house of her son-in-law, George
Beadnell of Lemington, when she made
her will, 22nd June, 1606 {d) ; died same
year (</).

, I I

William Ogle, son and heir, to whom his Thomas Ogle of =

father gave Bebside in tail male d/) ; Bebside, named

made con\'eyance of a moiety of the in his father's

manor of Swalwell, 29th July, 1586 »iU(n'); living

(^) ; administration of his personal 1615 (c) ; party

estate was granted, 1587, to Constantia to deed, 19th

Middleton of Newcastle, who pretended August, 1606

to be his widow (</). (<).

Dorothy, daughter of George Whitfield of Ralph

Newcastle (c), who, 9th March, 161 5/6, Ogle,

had sequestration of her husband's goods named

(rf), and 25th January, 1616/7, exhibited in his

an account of the same (</) ; she married, father's

secondly, before 26th June, 1618, Edward will (rf).
Delaval of Cowpen {f) ; died circa 1647

Lancelot Ogle (c) of Cowpen, was executor
of his father's will (</), and was named in
that of his mother {d) \ by deed dated
26th June, 1618, mortgaged his interest
in Bebside expectant on the death of his

■ sister-in-law, Dorothy, then wife of
Edward Delaval (/) ; parly to deed, i8th
July, 1643 (f) ; died circa 1644 C/).

I I I I I

Dorothy (c), Mary (rf), wife of Lancelot Cramlington of Newsham (c) (i/).

daughter of Elizabeth ((/), wife of Cuthbert I3ates of Holywell (^) ;

Thomas Wat- married secondly, i8th August, 1608, Thomas Smelt of

son of El- Gray's Inn (/;) ; buried at St. Nicholas', Newcastle, 23rd

lingham (c) ; .April, 1640.

party to deed, Margaret (</), wife c f George Beadnell of Lemington {c) (</).

26th June, Barbara ((/), wife of Harbottle (rf).

1618 (f). Dorothy {d), wife of John Swinburne of Wylam (^).

I
Thomas Ogle of Bebside, was three
years of age in 161 5 (c) ; was bred
to the sea {_f) ; died at Bebside
(^f) ; buried in Horton chapel ; will
dated 2nd Nov., 1651 ; proved at
the Prerogative Court, Canterbury,
1st December, 165 1 (j) (^).

Jane named in

her husband's will
(J) ; married second-
ly, James Bell of
Bothal Barns, ' com-
missioner of the duke
of Newcastle ' (J~).

I
RobertOgle
of New-
castle,
mariner

C</).

= Mabel {(f), was
living in New-
castle, a widow,
when she made
her will, 20th
September, 1669

. . . . wife of George Ogle
of Tritlington (/■), who
purchased his father-
in-law's interest in
Bebside expectant on
the death of Dorothy
Delaval (f). •\,

Thomas Ogle of Bebside, only son and heir, took a release of Bebside, 13th
May, 1654 (J) ; was residing at Bothal Barns in i66g, and at Kirkley in
1692 (^), and in the city of London in 1702, when he sold Bebside (j) ;
will dated nth July, 1725 (^).

Barbara, widow of Cuthbert Ogle of Kirkley,
and daughter of Ralph Anderson (^) ; bond
of marriage, 2nd July, 1669; living 2nd
March, 1701 (^).

Robert Humphrey Ogle, bap-
Ogle, tised 6th November,
bapt. 1679 (rt) ; was residing
1 8th at Cullercoatsin 1706 ;
April, afterwards of North
1672 Blyth in the parish of
(a). Bedlington ; was liv-
ing in 171 3 (^g').

= Margaret Clark
of the parish of
T3'nemouth ;
bond of mar-
riage 6th May,
1706 ; married
Sth May, 1706

I I I I I I

Ralph, Isabella, baptised loth March, 1672/3 (a) ; married 6th Feb ,
bapt. 1716/7, William Fletcher(/5) ; named in her father's will (^).

I2th Jane, baptised 13th June, 167; {a) {g).
July, Sarah, baptised 17th October, 1677 («) ; married John
l588 Bailiff; named in her father's will (^).

(«). Elizabeth, baptised gth August, 1682 (a) ; married George
Kirkley ; named in her father's will (^).
Barbara, baptised 13th November, 1684 (a) (^).

I
Cuthbert Ogle, born at
Cullercoats ; baptised
25th March, 1707 (/5).

I
Thomas, born at Culler-
coats ; baptised 26th
November, 1708 (li).

I
John, bur. at Bedhng-
ton, nth February,
1710 U)-

I
William, baptised at
Bedlington, Sth
Feb., I7n {g").

I
Mary, baptised at
Bedlington, 20th
August, 1713 (^).

(a) Horton Register.

(l>') Tyneviouth Register.

(if) Raine, Test. Dunelm.

(^) Bebside muniments of title.

(J^ Brumell charters.

(^) Ogle, Ogle and Bothal, pp. 90, 91, 94, 97, 99, lOI.

(Ji) Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

BEBSIDE TOWNSHIP. 295

After the death of their father in 1586, William Ogle and Thomas
Ogle, the two elder sons of John Ogle, successively occupied Bebside
grange. Under a deed of settlement made in 1606 the property passed,
upon the death of Thomas Ogle, to his widow, Dorothy, for her lifetime.'
She took for her second husband Edward Delaval of Cowpen, with whom
she resided in the manor-house that then stood upon the site of the old
moated grange. Here for a time lived Huntington Beaumont, working
out his ill-fated scheme for exploiting the northern coalfield."

In 1 618 Lancelot Ogle of Cowpen, youngest son of John Ogle of
Newsham and heir to Bebside, sold his interest in the property to John
Ogle of Causey park for four hundred pounds in hand and seven hundred
pounds to be paid to him within two years of the death of Dorothy Delaval.^
In 1633 John Ogle assigned his rights to Thomas Ogle of Tritlington/
to whose brother and heir, George Ogle of Tritlington, the manor of
Bebside was confirmed by Lancelot Ogle, on July iSth, 1643, upon slightly
modified terms.' A subsequent claimant to the property has given the
following summary of its descent.

The ^700 not being paid to Lancelot according to proviso, he bequeaths the same among his
children, and ;/^2oo of it to his son Thomas Ogle. This Thomas, returning from sea, where he
was bred, and wanting his ^200, he married, and, having no place to live in, George Ogle allowed
him a room or two in Bebside house, and ^12 per annum for the interest of the ^200. Thomas
died in Bebside house, leaving a widow, and Thomas his son now (1709) living, and one daughter,
and after his death the £\2 was paid to his widow by the said George Ogle. After George Ogle's
death, Martin, his son and heir, entered and was in possession, and suffered the widow of Thomas
to continue in two rooms in Bebside house ; and Martin, being somewhat extravagant, contracted
a debt of ^10 at Durham, to secure which he pawned all the writings relating to his estate of Bebside
and went beyond sea. James Bell of Bothal Barns married the widow of Thomas the son of Lancelot,
with whom he lived in the two rooms in Bebside house, and, hearing where the writings were, paid
the ^10 and got them into his custody. Martin continued near 30 years beyond sea ; the said James
Bell and Thomas (the grandson of Lancelot), now living, enjoyed the whole estate of Bebside during
that time, and, upon his return, which was in 1682, refused to give him possession.'

Mary Ogle, sister and heir of Martin Ogle, in conjunction with her
husband, John Ogle of Stainton, commenced legal proceedings in 1690
with a view to obtaining defeasance of the mortgage.' The issue of the

' Deeds of the Mansel trustees. ' Ihid. See above, p. 229.

' Brumell deeds. No. 33, from the library of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries.

* Ih'xd. No. 39. ^ Deeds of the Mansel trustees.

'Brumell deeds. No. 52, endorsed 'Captain Ogle's Case about Bebside.' The statement is of
an ex parte character, and it appears from a deed in the possession of the Mansel trustees that, in 1654,
Martin Ogle gave a release of Bebside to Thomas Ogle, junior.

' Brumell deeds, Nos. 46 and 48. For the descent of Ogle of Tritlington see Ogle, Ogle and Bothal,
pp. 91, 94-96, 97. Further particulars regarding the Bebside family of Ogles are given, ihid. pp. 86,
90-91.

296

HORTON CHAPELRY.

case is uncertain, but Thomas Ogle of Bebside, grandson of Lancelot Ogle,
appears to have continued in possession until October 6th, 1702, when he
sold Bebside for ;^2,200 to John Johnson, a Newcastle hostman.^

JOHNSON OF BEBSIDE AND MONKSEATON.
Johnson. =

Anne Reny, mar- = George Johnson of Monkseaton,
ried 31st May, I died at Monkseaton ; buried
1692 (<;). I I2th March, 1708/9 (//) (c).

Elizabeth, baptised loth July, 1694 (c) ; married

[first Collingwood and secondly] before

loth March, 1749/50 {/t), William Hedley, alder-
man of Newcastle (^). -i,

Elizabeth *John Johnson of Bebside, apprenticed to John

Taylor Clavering of Newcastle, hostman ; admitted

of North free of Hostmen's Company, 21st November,

Shields, 1705 (^) ; purchased Bebside in 1702 (tf),

married and lands in Preston and in Murton, Tyne-

2lstNo- mouthshire, in 1714 and 1718 respectively;

vember, high sheriff of Northumberland, 1715 ; buried

1695(1^). in the north aisle of All Saints' (y"), 14th Sept.,
1727 (i) ; will dated 28th July, 1727 (<■).

William Johnson of
Monkseaton, baptised
2nd March, 1695 6
(c) ; apprenticed 29th
September, 1 7 10, to
his uncle, John John-
son of Newcastle, host-
man (rf) ; admitted
free of Hostmen's
Company, 19th June,
1718 (</) ; named in
his uncle's will ;
voted in respect of
lands in Monkseaton
at the election of
knights of the shire
in 1722 and 1748 ;
buried 5th May, 175 1
(/4) ; will dated loth
March, 1749/50 (/5).

I I
John JohnsoUj baptised 8th
March, 1697/8 (r) ; ap-
prenticed 6th May, 171 5,
to Ralph Snowdon of
Newcastle, hostman ((/) ;
admitted free of Hostmen's
Company, 6th May, 1723
(rf) ; died at Newcastle ;
buried i8th October, 1723

George Johnson, baptised
14th October, 1708 (c) ;
apprenticed 8th July, 1725,
to his uncle, John J ohnson
of Newcastle, hostman
((/) ; admitted free of
Hostmen's Company, 29th
November, 1732 (</) ; of
Newcastle, fitter ; buried
28th May, 1734 (/.).

I I i

Ann, baptised 22nd August,
1700 (c) ; married first,
25th April, 1728, John
Errington of Bedlington
(a) (who died at Preston,
May, 1733 (/5)), and
secondly, before loth Mar.,
1749/50 (/;), Nathaniel
Green of Preston (^), by
whom she left issue (^g).

Mary, baptised 1 2th April,
1705 (0 ; married loth
August, 1732, Thomas
Ward (c) and died, leaving
issue, before loth March,
1749 50 {h).

Hannah, baptised 9th July,
1707 (c) : died at Monk-
seaton ; buried 14th Oc-
tober, 1723 (/')•

I I

Elizabeth, daughter and co-
heir, married Matthew White
of Newcastle, afterwards of
Blagdon ; bond of marriage,
15th July, 1719; buried at
All Saints', Newcastle, 31st
January, 1732/3 (j), her hus-
band being also buried there,
2Ist June, 1750 (;). 4-

Mary, daughter and co-heir,
unmarried at the date of her
father's will ; married Charles
Fielding of London, a captain
in the Old Buffs ; of Bebside
Juj-e uxoris ; died at Bebside,
aged 66 (i) ; buried i8th
December, 1770 (/) ; her will
dated 13th December, 1770;
proved at Durham 29th of
same month (^). 4/

{a) Norton Register,

{b) Earsdon Register,

((/) Dendy, Newcastle Hostmen's Company.

{/) Bebside deeds.

(/) Brand, Newcastle, vol. i. p. 384.

(^) Rev. J. Hodgson's interleaved History, pt. ii. vol.

(h) Mr. Richard'Welford's Collection.

(;■) All Saints' Register, Newcastle.

(k) Newcastle Courant, December 21st, 1770.

li. p. 277.

* As high sheriff .Mr. Johnson supported the government in the troubles of the '15. Three of his letters written
in that year are printed in appendi.x C of the Diary of Mary Countess Cowper, ed. S. Cowper, London, 1865.

The old hall, of which only a fragment is now remaining, may have
dated, in part, from the occupation of the Ogles. It was about one hundred
feet in length. Its eastern end, about forty feet long, is still standing
to a height of eight feet, and contains two windows with chamfered head,
sill and jambs, and a stone lintel on the interior. The outline of a door-
opening is also visible in the wall. The extra thickness of the walls in
the south-west portion of the house, as shown on a plan made in 1853,

' Deeds of the Mansel trustees.

BEBSIDE TOWNSHIP. 297

suggests the presence of a tower, earlier in date than the rest of the building,
having an external measurement of thirty feet from north to south and
twenty feet from east to west.' A kitchen-wing on the east and stables
on the west e-xtended from the main building northwards to the road, and
enclosed a courtyard measuring one hundred by eighty feet. The wings
have been demolished, but the cottages that occupy their site have been
built out of the old materials. In the side of the courtyard facing the road
are a pair of gate pillars with moulded capitals surmounted by large ball-
finials which have evidently been made for other and more massive piers.
The mansion continued to be used as a family residence until the close of
the eighteenth century," and was demolished about the year 1853.

John Johnson devised Bebside, together with his freehold and copyhold
lands in Tynemouth and Preston, to his daughter, Mary Johnson, who
subsequently married Captain Charles Fielding. Mrs. Fielding settled her
estate at Bebside, on July 21st, 1768, upon her son-in-law, John Ward
of Whitby, and upon Mary his wife, the only surviving child of her
marriage.^ The property again changed hands in 1798, when John Ward
made sale to his nephew, John Ward of London, who, in his turn, conveyed
Bebside to his brother, Robert Ward. William Ward, son of the last
named, devised the property to his kinsman, Robert Stanley Mansel of
Liverpool and subsequently of East Barnet, and it is now held by the
trustees acting under Mr. Mansel's will.

Ward of Bebside.

I. John Ward of Whitby and afterwards of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 'an eminent Russia merchant,'
married at Horton, August i6th, 1766, Mary, daughter and heir of Mrs. Fielding of Bebside. She was
baptised at St. John's, Newcastle, April 4th, 1741, and was buried at Horton, December 7th, 1790.
He was buried at the same place, April 24th, 1803, aged 72. He had issue two sons and three
daughters, all baptised at St. John's church, Newcastle ; namely, (i) Charles Fielding Ward, baptised
October 6th, 1768 ; of Pembroke College and afterwards of University College, O.xford ; M.A., 1791 ;
B.C.L., 1795; admitted to Gray's Inn, April 24th, 1784; died April 30th, 1799; (2) Robert Ward,
baptised April 8th, 1772 ; died unmarried ; (3) Maria, baptised November 1st, 1769 ; buried at Horton,
July 24th, 1784; (4) Harriet, baptised August 25th, 1773; "'^s living in France in 1S32 ; (5) Sophia,
baptised October nth, 1775 ; buried at Horton, January 31st, 1796.

' Plan in the possession of Mr. T. E. Jobling of Bebside. The Rev. John Hodgson makes mention of
a small tower in the centre of the south front of the mansion house. Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii.
p. 270.

" ' For sale, the manor and estate of Bebside, for several years in hands of owners. Apply John
Ward, esq., Bebside.' Newcastle Courant, December 2nd, 1797.

' Deeds of the Mansel trustees. Captain Fielding is stated to have been nephew of Henry
Fielding the novelist. He made his will, March 29th, 1745, and dying in London, March 30th, 1746,
was buried at All Saints', Newcastle (Newcastle Courant. April 5th and 26th, 1746). He left issue three
sons, namely, Charles John Johnson Fielding, a captain in the East India Company's land forces, who

Vol. IX. 38

298 HORTON CHAPELRY.

II. Robert Ward of Golders hill, North End, in the county of Middlesex, son of William Ward of
Fenchurch Street, London, and nephew of John Ward of Bebside, purchased Bebside, January 24th,
1799, and died in London, July i8th, 1845, aged 82 (Matthew Forster's Obituary). By his wife,
Mary Moorson, who died in the year 1808, he left issue an only son and heir, William Ward.

III. William Ward of Bebside and of the Middle Temple, barrister-at-law, resided at the 'Albany'
in London, where he died s.p., June 26th, i860, aged 70 (Matthew Forster's Obituary); will dated
February 3rd, 1859.'

Bedlington Ironworks.

The factories known as the Bedlington Ironworks were, in part, situated
within this township. The undertaking originated with a lease for ninety-
nine years of premises in Bebside, taken in December, 1736, by William
Thomlinson, a Newcastle merchant.^ At this period the manufacture of
pig-iron in England had fallen to a very low ebb through the exhaustion
of the wood required for charcoal smelting and the failure of attempts to
utilise coal for this purpose.' A clause in the lease empowering the lessee
to cut timber in the Bebside woods seems to point to the probability of
the works having been designed for smelting the ironstone deposited in
the coal measures and cropping out in the banks of the adjoining river
Blyth. There is, however, no record to be obtained of any smelting
operations having been carried on at this period. The staple trade of
ironworks then consisted in the working up of scrap iron ; and for that
purpose forges were erected wherever the advantages afforded by cheap
fuel and water power in sufficient quantities to drive small hammers could
be obtained. These were both to be had at Bebside, and the works in
their early stages were chiefly employed in making forgings for general
purposes as well as for the Bedlington slitting mills.*

died in India circa 1767 [Newcastle Courant, April 30th, 1768); William Carr Fielding, baptised at
Horton, March 12th, 1739/40; and George Lumley Fielding, baptised at St. John's, Newcastle, August
loth, 1742 ; and two daughters, namely, Mary, wife of John Ward, and Elizabeth. 'Died a few days
ago at Gosport, near Portsmouth, Captain Fielding, son of the late Captain Fielding of Bebside in
Northumberland, a very promising young gentleman.' Newcastle toiiraiit, December 21st, 1765.

' Based on deeds of the Mansel trustees ; pedigree in Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii.
p. 277 (Horton miscellanea, No. 13), and the registers of Horton and of St. John's, Newcastle.

"^ Mansel trustees' deeds; Wallis, History of Northumberland, ed. 1769, vol. i. p. no. W'illiam
Thomlinson, son of William Thomlinson of Blencogo in the county of Cumberland, was apprenticed to
his brother, Richard Thomlinson, March Sth, 1721, and was admitted free of the Newcastle Merchant
Adventurers' Company, April 30th, 1729. He died in 1737. Dendy, Newcastle Merchant Adventurers,
vol. ii. (Surt. Soc. Pub. No. loi), p. 346. He was nephew of the Rev. John Thomlinson, rector of
Rothbury, and of Dr. Robert Thomlinson, rector of Whickham and founder of the Thomlinson library in
Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

^ Industrial Resources of the Tyne, Wear and Tecs, 2nd edition, 1864, p. 84.

* Hodgson, Northumberlind, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 270. Slitting mills were employed for cutting flat bars
of iron into 'slit-rods' of the required length for nail-making. It was this industry (for which see
Wallace, History of Blyth, ed. 1869, p. 214) that gave rise to the proverb, 'Hartley pans for sailors
Bedlington for nailers.'

BEBSIDE TOWNSHIP. 299

Later in the centurv the works were carried on bv the Malings of
Sunderland, who worked ironstone on the north side of the river and
calcined it there, prior to smelting it in the Bedlington blast furnace, and
forging it at a forge near Bebside corn-mill on the southern bank of the
stream/ Their efforts were, however, attended by such poor results that
they were driven to abandon the smelting operations ; and the forges and
works on both sides of the river were acquired, about the year 1788, by
William Hawks and Thomas Longridge of Gateshead.^

The new lessees extended the works and employed them in working
up scrap iron into rods and hoops and other ironwork,' and carried on the
business into the early years of the nineteenth century, during the period
when the rolling-mill was being introduced into the trade.'' In 1809^ the
works came into the hands of Messrs. Biddulph, Gordon and Company,
of London, and a period of development followed under the management
of Mr. Michael Longridge, who subsequently became one of the partners.
Rolled iron bars, sheets and hoops, together with anchors and chain-cables
for the navy, had hitherto been the chief products ; but, with the dawn of
the railway system, the business of the firm increased, and the fact that the
first successful rolled iron rails made were produced at these works, in
1820,^ must have added largely to their reputation.

The substitution of malleable for cast iron in the manufacture of rails
played a large part in the development of railways. So far back as 1818
Mr. Longridge had conceived the idea of connecting the works with a
neighbouring colliery by means of a railway laid with malleable iron rails.
He then ascertained that rails of this description had been tried at Wylam
colliery, as well as at Tindale Fell, in Cumberland, but with only partial
success. The rails used at these places were formed of bars one and a

' Mr. R. B. Longridge's MSS. Wallis, writing in 1769, refers to ironstone workings on the south
side of the river. History of Northumberland, vol. i. p. 125.

" Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 359 ; Genealogical Notes of Longridge, etc., p. 24.

' 'To be sold, the slitting mill, warehouses, smiths' shops, dwelling house, and farm of land, situate
near Bebside ; also a close of land with a dwelling-house and ware-house situate at Watson's Quay,
contiguous to the BIyth river ; all which premises are held on lease for a term of years, of which
fifty-three will be unexpired at May-day next. . . . This work is capable of executing five hundred tons
and upwards of rod-iron and iron hoops in one year ; and is well situated as to coals, and the receipt
and shipping of iron, being only one mile distant from the navigable poit of the river Blyth, to which
port iron may be brought from London as ballast on the most moderate terms.' Advertisement in the
Newcastle papers, 1782. The position of Watson's quay, which first occurs in the Horton parish
registers in the year 1743, cannot be identified.

' Industrial Resources of the Tyne, Wear and Tees, p. 114. Cort patented the rolling of bar iron in
17S3, and Hawks and Company were rolling it by 1799.

"■ Ibid. p. 114. ^ Ibid.

300 HORTON CHAPELRY.

half inches square and about three feet in length, having so narrow a surface
as to cause injury to the wheels ; while the increase in width, required
to overcome this difficulty, added so largely to the weight as to render
the cost prohibitive.' To Mr. John Birkinshaw, the principal agent at the
Bedlington works at the time, belongs the credit of having suggested the
idea of making the rails in a wedge form, so that the same extent of surface,
as in the case of the cast-iron rail, was provided for the wheel to travel on,
and the depth of the bar was increased without adding unnecessarily to
the weight." In accordance with the recommendation of Mr. John Buddie,
the well known colliery viewer, the rails were afterwards made with a swell
between the points of support. They thus resembled four or five of the
old 'fish-bellied' rails joined in one length. They were generally twelve
or fifteen feet in length and rested on bearings three feet apart.

The Stockton and Darlington Railway, opened in 1825, was the first
public line on which these rails were used.' Its example was followed by
the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, in 1830, both lines being under
the superintendence of Mr. George Stephenson as engineer. The rapid
development of the railway system no doubt created an extraordinary
demand for railway material, and, in consequence, the manufacture of loco-
motives was added to the general engineering business of the concern.
In 1829 the Company purchased that portion of the Purvis and Errington
estate in Cowpen township which lay nearest to the river,* and erected
upon part of it, in 1837, a locomotive factory, where locomotives of a high
class were constructed.'^

Towards the middle of the century the business, which was then carried
on under the style of Longridge and Company, or the Bedlington Iron

' Remarks on Cast Metal and MalleabU Iron Rail-ways, 1S32 ; Mr. R. B. Longridge's MSS.

■ Nicholas Wood, A Practical Treatise on Rail Roads, 1825, p. 61. Birkinshaw obtained his patent
on December 2nd, 1820. In his specification he states: "I do not claim the invention of this mode
of operating upon bars by which they are moulded into any shape, but confine my claim to the
exclusive right of manufacturing and vending the wedge-formed bars or rails of malleable iron of any
length for the purpose of forming or constructing rail-ways or rail-roads." Mr. R. B. Longridge's MSS.

' Smiles, Lives of the Engineers, vol. iii. p. 164. The first malleable rails specified for the use of the
Stockton and Darlington Railway were 'fish-bellied' rails and weighed only 28 lb. to the yard, being
2f inches broad on the top, with the upper flange | inch thick. They were only 2 inches in depth at the
points at which they rested on the chairs, and 3j inches in the middle or bellied part.

^ Purvis and Errington deeds. Over the door of an old office at Bedlington furnace on the south
side of the river is the following inscription :

VIVITUR IGNE ET ACQUA
El- FERRO, DEO FAVENTE.

G. & B.
1829.
' Mr. R. B. Longridge's MSS.

BEBSIDE TOWNSHIP.

301

Company, had become one of considerable importance and repute through
the excellence of its manufactures. About 1840 the Longridges secured
a lease of coal in the vicinity from Lord Barrington/ and established a
winning, known as Barrington colliery, which was connected by railway
with the works, and carried on partly in conjunction with them and partly
as a 'sea-sale' colliery. Soon afterwards they embarked in the manu-
facture of pig-iron, and erected two furnaces on the north side of the
river, using, as raw material, a mixture of the local coal-measure ironstone
obtained from a mine at Netherton, and stone which was at that date
being gathered from the debris on the shore of the Cleveland coast and
used, under the name of ' Whitby stone,' by the few furnaces then at
work on the north-east coast."

^^^E ^^PIr-fN-'5 >*■■ ■ ^PJl^^H

^H^^^^^M^I: ' ' ''^HHHBI

*-. .-'''■'.''' .." ■-■"'"", -■ " "' ■■■ ■».-■

Bedlington Ironworks from the South, 1827.

V By about 1850 the works had reached their fullest capacity, being

equipped with blast and puddling furnaces, rolling-mills, and boiler,
engineering and locomotive shops, which employed a large number of
workmen.

Their prosperity did not, however, continue. Keen competition in
the locomotive trade and excessive cost of transit both to and from the
works appear to have brought the firm into difficulties which resulted in
its failure in 1853. There being then no public railway in connexion with
the works, the locomotives, heavy forgings, boiler plates, and other goods

' Mr. T. E. Forster's MSS.

■ Industrial Resources of the Tyiie, Wear and Tecs, p. 88. North of England Institute of Mining
and Mechanical Engineers, Transactions, vol. v. p. i66.

302

HORTON CHAPELRY.

had to be conveyed on rolleys drawn by horses to Newcastle, a distance
of twelve miles, and there delivered, shipped, or placed on the railway to
be forwarded to their destination.'

Prior to this date the works had been assigned to Mr. James Spence,''
and by him they were carried on up to 1855, when they were closed for
some time.' In 1861 operations were resumed by Messrs. Jasper Capper
Mounsey and John Di.xon,^ who, although they appear to have conducted
affairs with energy, met with no better success and failed in 1865.^ The
business was then transferred to a company known as the Bedlington Iron
Company, Limited, and continued until 1S67,* when the works were finally
abandoned. Barrington colliery was purchased in 1858 by the owners of
Bedlington colliery,' by whom it has since been worked ; the connecting
railway was acquired by the Blyth and Tyne Railway Company,** while
the property belonging to the company in Cowpen township was bought
by Mr. Robert Stanley Mansel, owner of the adjoining estate of Bebside.
A considerable number of cottages remain at the Bank-head, but the fur-
naces and buildings of the works have long since fallen into decay.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

Along the southern bank of the Blyth, from the lower end of Bebside
wood to the eastern side of Cowpen Quay, lies the township of Cowpen,
an area now estimated to contain 1,852 acres, of which three acres are
inland water, sixteen are tidal water, and eighty-four are foreshore. Its
western boundary crosses the Blyth and Bedlington road at the west end
of the hamlet called Bebside colliery, proceeds for a short distance down
Heathery lane, and thence, cutting across to the Morpeth and Backworth
railway, follows that line down to the modern village of Newsham. From

' Mr. R. B. Longridge's MSS. A branch railway from Bedlington to Newsham was opened as a
colliery line in 1S50, but did not become generally available until about 1852.
' Mr. T. E. Forster's MSS.
' T. Y. Hall, Treatise on the Northern Coalfield, 1854, p. 121. Mr. J. G. Hudson's papers.

' Mr. W. J. Gibson's MSS. Mr. Dixon subsequently became a civil engineer of repute and was
perhaps best known to the public in connection with his successful achievement of the task of bringing
from Alexandria the obelisk known as 'Cleopatra's Needle' which now stands on the Thames Embank-
ment. See Newcastle Chronicle, February 3rd, 1891. In January, 1862, occurred an accident, long
remembered in the district, resulting in the death of Mr. Mounsey's wife during a visit to the works
with some friends. See Newcastle Chronicle, February 1st, 1862.

' Mr. W. J. Gibson's MSS. Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 214. ' Ibid.

' Bedlington Coal Company's papers. ' Mr. T. E. Forstei-'s MSS.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

303

that point the boundary is
taken up by the old Plessey
wagonway and trends to the
north-east as far as Crofton,
where it turns northward up
Union Street, and, continuing
across Bridge Street, reaches
the river of Blyth immediately
above the graving docks.

The north-eastern portion
of the township is wholly
urban and is covered by the
streets and houses of Covvpen
Quay and Waterloo, with their
outlying dependents, Cowpen
Square to the north, the build-
ings of Cowpen colliery to the
west, and Crofton to the south.
Building has been carried out
in the western portion of the
township also, and is gradually
divesting it of its rural charac-
ter. Newsham, in its south-
west corner, and Bebside col-
liery at its western extremity,
are mining hamlets that have
taken their names from van-
ished villages in adjoining
townships. In the north-west
angle is Bebside furnace ; north
of Newsham lie the straight
rows of miners' houses that
border on the Isabella pit ;
while dotted over the black-
ened fields are homesteads
known as the North and South

Doorway at Cowpen Grove.

304 HORTON CHAPELRY.

farms, Malvin's Close, the Red-house, and Kitty Brewster. Finally, along
the Blyth and Bedlington road, three quarters of a mile in length, lies
the straggling village of Cowpen, wherein are still to be found a few
picturesque eighteenth-century houses, with substantial carved stonework
ornamenting windows and doorways.'

So great are the changes produced in the last hundred and fifty years
that it is difficult to conceive the former aspect of the township. The river
then, as now, flowed, a broadening estuary, over mud flats and expanses
of shingle, but from Bucks-hill, now irreverently termed Monkey's island,
the shore trended southward, along the line marked, at the present day,
by Hodgson's Road, Regent Street, and Turner Street, up to the market-
place of the modern town of Blyth. A stream that took its rise where
the Isabella pit has since been sunk flowed past Thoroton cottage and
north of Crofton, where it entered a long slake or gut that sundered Cowpen
from South Blyth. Up this slake, formerly known under the name of
Blyth Gote, the sea flowed at each high tide, from its outlet by the graving
docks, along Union Street to Crofton and Cowpen Mill pit, and left it,
as the tide receded, a broad expanse of mud and salt-grass, visited by flocks
of sea-fowl."

Near to Bebside colliery there rose a second stream, called, as it
seems, the Darewell burn, which flowed along a tiny dene to the north
of Cowpen village, and entered the Blyth a little below Cowpen pool.
Another rivulet had its origin near New Delaval, ran past the Red-house,
through the ground now occupied by Cowpen cemetery, and, curving east-
ward, fell into the river by Bucks-hill.

Before Hodgson's-lane was made, the road from Cowpen continued,
from the North farm, past Cowpen North pit, to the river between Bucks-
hill and Cowpen Square.' Access to South Blyth was only possible along
a cart-road that followed the river bank and crossed the gut by a ford at
some point between Bridge Street and Crofton.* Another ford led across
the Blyth from the neighbourhood of Bucks-hill, where the Cowpen and

' The census returns illustrate the growth of population. They are : 1801,853; 1811,1,095; 1821,
1765; 1831,2,081; 1841,2,464; 1851,4,045; 1861,6,291; 1871,7,913; 1881,10,003; 1891,12,982;
1901, 17,879-

- Mackenzie, View of Northuinbciiaiid, ed. 181 1, p. 493.

' The agreement for enclosure of the township, made in 1619, contains an allusion to a road called
the Prior's way, leading from the east end of the village to the salt pans at Bucks-hill.

' Wallace, History of Blyth, pp. 55-56.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 305

Blyth roads converged, and reached the opposite bank of the river at the
High Pans. Since the river has been deepened its place has been taken
by the High ferry. ^

While dredging operations were in progress, about the year 1890,
great numbers of skulls and horns of red deer were found in the river at
this point, as well as a few heads of bos primtgeniiis, two brachv-cephalic
human skulls, now in the University museum at Oxford," and the bronze
blade of a rapier, now in the Black Gate museum at Newcastle.^ The blade
is twelve and a half inches long, and two inches across its maximum width
at the base, and has a slight midrib along the centre. It was originally
fixed to the hilt by two rivets, both of which were in it when found, though

Bronze Rapier from the river Blyth.

^ they have since been lost. The hilt is now wanting through decay, but
it is very rarely found on weapons of this date, for it was usually of
perishable horn or wood, having a slit in the end into which the thin broad
base of the blade was inserted, and then fixed by two or more rivets. The
main characteristic of the rapier is that this broad base narrows suddenly
as it leaves the hilt into a stiff thrusting blade. This apparently dispro-
portionate breadth is to give lateral strength. As is frequently the case,
the rivets have been placed so near the edge of the metal that one of

' In the sixteenth century watch was kept nightly at ' Loraken-hill' or 'Braken-hill' by two of
the inhabitants of Cowpen and Blyth-snook. Nicolson, Leges Marchiarum, pp. 290, 304. The place
in question may be identified with Bucks-hill, a convenient position for guarding the ford.

" Numbered 257 and 25S in the cranial collection. Although these skulls probably belong to the
bronze age, it cannot be positively stated that all the finds enumerated above came from the same
deposit.

' Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. x. pp. 36-37.
Vol IX. 39

3o6 HORTON CHAPELRY.

them has been torn off. There are traces of the outline of the jaws of the
hilt upon the base of the blade, but the patina has all been scraped off
by the finder, who mistook the metal for gold.

Though this type of weapon has always two edges, it is much better
adapted for thrusting than cutting. It was unknown to primitive bronze-
age man, whose remains are found in the British barrows, but was evolved,
from the dagger, by his immediate successors. It is contemporary with
the slightly flanged axe, and went out with the advent of the cut-and-thrust
sword, and may thus be assigned to the second quarter of the British
bronze age.

The area of Cowpen considerably exceeds that of most townships.
This is explicable on the ground that its southern portion was moorland
and lay outside the common-field cultivation ; but it is likewise possible
that the district originally comprised two distinct communities or settle-
ments, namely, one at Cowpen village, and the other near Cowpen Square,
hard by the ford. Here lay the hamlet of Aynewick, mentioned in a grant
made between the years 1153 and 1165 by James de Bolam and Gilbert
his son to the prior and convent of Brinkburn.'

Cowpen, like Bebside, was a member of the barony of Bolam. ^
It is entered on the list of castle-ward rents as paying one mark yearly,^
that being the proportion for a single knight's fee. The barony of
Bolam, however, which contained three fees, and paid three marks rent,
occurs in the same list as a separate item. The double entrv is difficult
to explain, for it cannot be supposed that the lords of Bolam rendered
knight's service on three fees and paid castle-ward for four. As the list
omits all baronies created after the death of Henry I., it seems that the
assessment of castle-ward rents was made before the year 1135, and that
the document is the earliest record of feudal service existing for the
county of Northumberland. It is therefore an authority of prime im-
portance, and its statements deserve careful consideration. The most
rational explanation, which can yet be only tentative, is that Cowpen, in
the time of Henry I., formed one of the thirty fees that made up the

' Briiikbnrn Chartulary, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 90, pp. 156, 180. The site is marked as 'Alnwick
walls' on a plan of Cowpen made in 1719, in the possession of the Thoroton and Croft trustees.

' Testa de Nevill, Record Com. p. 382 ; Feudal Aids, vol. iv. p. 59.

' Red Book 0/ the Exchequer, Rolls Series, p. 712.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 307

Baliol lordship, and was conveyed by the Baliols, possibly in free mar-
riage, to the lords of Bolam, all feudal obligation remaining incumbent
upon the Baliol barony.'

' The mannor and towne of Cowpen,' according to a survey of Tyne-
mouthshire made circa 1600, 'by th'old feodary roll was holden of the
barony of Bollani, and afterwardes the tenor was given by the lordes of
the said barony emongst other thinges to the priory and convent of
Tynemouthe.' ^ Cowpen does not occur in the royal charter of confirmation
granted to Tynemouth in 1158, and is first mentioned in the subsequent
charter of 11 89.' No doubt it was conferred upon Tynemouth priory in
the reign of Henry II. by James de Bolam, who died circa 1165, or by
his son, Gilbert de Bolam. The Bolams are known to have been other-
wise benefactors of this monastery, and to have endowed it with the
advowson of Bolam church ^ and the manor of Elswick.'* Their present
grant included the manor of Bebside with a moiety of the two vills of
Bebside and Cowpen.*^ One half of Cowpen township remained in the
ownership of the Bolams and their tenants. It is therefore convenient to
trace the history of the two moieties separately. Some account can then
be given of the history of the township in the sixteenth century, and the
descent of the various properties within it will afterwards be traced, re-
serving a summary of its industrial development for the final chapter on
Blyth.

' For another instance of conveyance of one of the Bahol fees, in liberum maritagium, see the case
of Holywell cited above, p. 77. As is mentioned later, the first recorded tenants of Cowpen were
kinsmen alike of the Baliols and of the Bolams. In the list of castle-ward rents Cowpen immediately
follows five separate entries for various portions of the Baliol barony. On the other hand, if the
viscountal rent of one mark paid by Cowpen in the seventeenth century {Arch. Act. 1st series, vol. iii.
p. 94) is identical with the castle-ward rent of one mark paid in the twelfth, it must be admitted that the
township continued subject to the ancient payment. In 12S1, upon the death of Richard de Gosebek,
tenant of a moiety of the Bolam barony, the deceased was returned as holding certain premises in
Cowpen by half a knight's fee of the heirs of Hugh de Morwick. Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. ii. p. 236. This
last statement, which lacks corroboration, raises new difficulties and solves none.

^ Duke of Northumberland's MSS.

' Vol. viii. of this series, pp. 63 n, 68 n.

' Ibid. The church was soon lost to the monastery, apparently upon an assize of darrein
presentment brought in the year 1254 by the archbishop of York and Thomas de Bekering against the
abbot of St. Alban's and the prior of Tynemouth. Close Rolls, No. 67, m. 2d.

^ Abbrfviatio Placitorum, Record Com. p. 78.

° A survey taken in 1292 furnishes proof that Cowpen fell within the manor of Bebside : 'Villa de
Copoun quae jungitur manerio de Bebeset.' Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 54 b.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

309

The Monastic Lands.

A few years after the prior and convent of Tynemouth had come
into possession of a moiety of Cowpen, Simon, abbot of St. Alban's
(1168-1183), granted seventy-two acres in that place to Huchtred of Cow-
pen, to be held by him and his heirs at a yearly rent of five shillings.' This
property was held, in the year 1295, by Roger, son of Walter of Cowpen,^
who suffered forfeiture for joining the Scots, his lands being seized by
the prior of Tynemouth as an escheat.^

In 1292 the annual rent derived from Cowpen by the monastery
amounted to £2 6s. lod.* Tallage and subsidy rolls record the names of
the principal tenants in the township at this period.

CopuN Tallage Roll, 1294.'

s. d.

De Johanne

[De Roberto Wyjscop ...

vidua

[De WJillelmo longo ...

nelove

[De] Johanne molendinario ...

[De] magistro Roberto pro terra in

rne

De Roberto Baron
De Henrico Camhus ...
V De Rogero filio Alicie ...
De Willelmo le Noutherd

o 6

nichil

o 3

nichil
2 o

De Willelmo de Horseley
[D]e Johanne fiho Andree
[De] Roberto Sturceley
[De] Wahero [fiho Vctredi]
[De Jojhanne fiho [WaUeri]
[De] Roberto de fratibus
[De Juhana] Baron
[De Rojgero de Preston

ro ...

[De Waltero] filio Adae
[Summa]

CupuN Subsidy Roll,

Summa bonorum Waheri Hutredi

„ Johannis fihi Waheri ...

„ Walteri fihi Ade

Summa bonorum tocius ville, £i\ "s.

1294-
£ s,
I ;
I I ■■

unde regi

3l
3l
of

unde regi, 8s. S^d.

' Simon, Dei gracia abbas ecclesie sancti Albani, omnibus fidehbus presentibus et futuris, salutem.
Sciatis nos concessisse et presenti carta confirmasse Huchtredo homini nostro de Copun et heredibus
suis sexaginta et duodecim acras terre, scihcet terram quam tenet de nobis in viUa de Copun predictus
Huchtredus, cum toto tofto, tenendam de nobis et ecclesia de Tynemutha jure hereditario pro qumque
sohdis annuatim ecclesie de Tynemutha inde reddendis, cum ceteris serviciis et consuetudinibus que ad
predictam terram pertinere noscuntur. Testibus Ada de Plessis, Henrico de Suthun, Gilberto de Etona,
Adelardo de Bacworth, Nicholao de Bacworth, Willelmo filio Nicholai, Milo fiho Huberti, et aliis.
Tynemouth Chartnlary, fol. 35 b; St. Alban's Register, fol. 154b.

- Memorandum quod Rogerus de Copun, heres predicte terre, fecit homagium domino J., abbati de
sancto Albano, in vigilia Philippi et Jacobi, in camera prioris de Tymemuth, presentibus ibidem domino
A. de Tewyng, Willelmo de Bolum, W. de Lose, capellanis suis, domino J. Croft, Nicholao Vigrus tunc
seneschallo ejusdem domus, Roberto Cheval camerario predicti abbatis, anno domini ircc" nonagesimo
quinto. Ibid.

= Cnl. Doc. Rel. Scot. vol. ii. p. 39S. Escaeta : Rogerus filius Aliciae tenuit l.\xij acras cum suis per-
tinenciis, et reddidit v' cornagium et sectam curie, quae nunc sunt in manu prioris propter guerram.
Survey of Cowpen, 1323 ; Tynemouth Chartnlary, fol. 34.

■■ Tynemouth Chartnlary, fol. 54b ; St. Albany Register, fol. 107.

' St. Alban's Register, fol. 1 10. " Lay Subsidy Roll, |^.

3IO

HORTON CHAPELRY.

CuPUN Subsidy Roll, 1296.'

C s. d. s. d.

Summa bonorum Walter! Flayn 141 unde regi 2 2\

„ Johannis filii Walter! ... 128 „ 2 oj

A general survey of the priory lands was carried out in the year 1323,
and gives the following particulars :

Rental of Cowpen, 1323.'

Tenant.
John Flane ... ...

Richard Flane

John Curtays

John Pacok

Richard Flane

Robert son of Alan

Robert son of Philip

Representatives of Walter son of

Uclred
[Walter son of Uctred ...
Representatives of Robert Wys-

cop
John Flane
[John Flane

Adam Vole

William son of Walter and Walter

Springald
William Taillour
John Phin
Ladarana de Byker
John Flane
Juliana Baron

William Coher

Richard Flane

[John the miller ...

[Ralph .Salter

William son of Roger de Neusum

Walter Parker

Representatives of Patrick of

Cowpen
[Alan Flane

John son of Alan Flane...
Ralph del Cote ...
Richard Flane
William son of Walter and

William Taillour
Robert son of Philip

Holding.

Tenure.

Rent.

S '^

1 toft and croft, i cottage, 20 acres

cornage

- 3

I rood of free land

I2i acres bondage land

court roll ...

... 5

I toft and 8 acres free land

court roll ...

I toft and 7 acres

—

I toft

for life

... 5

I toft and 28 acres free land

cornage

... 5

I toft and 6 acres free land

cornage

2 tofts and 15 acres

cornage

••■ 3

8 acres bondage land

court roll ...

- 3

12 acres

—

I toft and croft, and 9 acres free land

cornage

3 cottages and 8 acres of bondage

lease for life

... 28

land

I toft, I croft, 3 acres

by charter ...

I toft, 6 acres

—

11*

I toft, 6 acres

—

I toft, 13 acres

cornage

I toft, 5i acres

—

i acre

—

I toft

—

I toft, loj acres free land ...

—

I toft, 4 acres free land

by charter ...

I toft, II acres bondage land

lease for life

... 4

4 acres bondage land

I toft, 4 acres free land

—

I toft, 14 acres free land

—

I toft, 54 acres free land

—

I toft, I acre bondage land

lease for life

I toft, 10 acres free land

—

I toft, 6 acres free land

cornage

- 3

I toft, 4 acres free land

—

6 acres free land

—

8 acres free land

o II

Lay Subsidy Roll, ip.

Tynemouth Chartulary, fols. 33-34.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

311

Tenant.

Rental of Cowpen, 1323 f continued).

Holding.

Representatives of Roljert son of

Alan
William Warde ...
Richard Flane
John Broun
[Roger son of Alice
[Roger son of Alice
[John son of Andrew

[Roger de Preston
William son of Nidde
Robert son of Philip
[Roger de Neusum
Laurence Lader ...
William Freman ...
Richard Flane
Robert Baron

I toft, 6 acres free land

3 acres free land

I toft, 14 acres

I toft, 4 acres free land

I toft, 2 cottages, 27 acres ...

72 acres

1 toft, half a cottage, 37 acres bond-

age land

2 tofts, 18 acres bondage land

I toft, I croft, 2 acres bondage land

I toft, 7 acres

I toft, I croft, bondage land

10 acres free land

3 acres

I toft, 14 acres free land
I toft, 10 acres free land

Tenure.

free of all service

cornage
cornage

Rent.

-J

•7

•J

The tenements included in brackets had fallen vacant in the Scottish
war, and were, at the time of the survey, in the prior's hands. Most of
the tenants belonged to the class of customary freeholders. Their rights
and obligations are briefly summarised in the case of John Flane, who heads
^the list. ' He pays yearly rent to the lord prior, and abbots-welcome, and
merchet for his daughters. His son shall pay relief for his father's lands
on the father's death. He shall be tallaged by the prior. Layrewite shall
be given for his maids and daughters when occasion arises. He shall give
abbot's cornage. The wife shall receive dower upon her husband's death.'
Although some of these incidents are distinctively servile, the customary
freeholders of Cowpen had absolute security of tenure. Their agricultural
services have not been recorded, but, in all probability, did not differ
materially from the services exacted in other parts of Tynemouthshire.'

A Scottish inroad, following on the disaster of Bannockburn eight
years previously, had devastated the village^ and done more than anything
else to break down the bondage system. There had been a wholesale
destruction of houses and farm buildings. Continued border raids and the

' For these see vol. viii. of this series, pp. 225-226.

" Memorandum quod, cum Gilbertus Daudry recepisset ad firmam molendinum de Copun per unum
annum, videlicet a festo sancti Michaelis, anno regni regis Edwardi filii regis Edwardi nono, usque ad idem
festum anno revolulo, pro quinque marcis ad Pascham et ad festum sancti Michaelis sequens per equates
porciones solvendis ; et quia patria eodem anno per Scotos destructa et sic secta dicti molendini quasi
extincta ; concessum fuit dicto Gilberto quod solveret pro dicto molendino unam niarcam ad dictum
festum Pasche, quam tunc solvit, et aliam marcam ad festum sancti Michaelis proxime sequens ; et sic
esset quietus de firma molendini eodem anno. Tynemouth Chartulary , fol. 168.

312

HORTON CHAPELRY.

forays of Middleton and his freebooters made farming impossible, so that
the land lay desolate. The survey of 1323 was taken immediately after
the treaty of Bishopsthorpe, when an interval of peace rendered it possible
to bring the country back to cultivation. But the old system could not
be restored, for the population had dispersed, and buildings and farm stock
were gone. Tenants could only be obtained upon some fixitv of tenure
being assured to them ; and so bondage holdings came to be expressly
demised for life, and, for greater security, the terms of the demise were
recorded on the court roll.'

In 1349 the Black Death swept over the village. A survey taken
nearly thirty years later gives evidence of the havoc that the plague had
wrought, for there were lands in Cowpen that even then lay waste and

tenantless.

Survey of Cowpen, 1377.-

l s. d.

Rents of free men, bond men, and salt pans 7 15 ij

Yearly arrears for Alan Barbour's lands, which have lain waste from the time of

the first pestilence until now ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 088

From the whole vill for abbot's-scot and Hertness-silver, per annum ' ... ... 025

From the mill ' 200

From the coal mines * ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 100

Yearly rent of Vaux's lands = o 10 o

' Memorandum quod, ad festuni sancti Barnabe apostoli, anno regni regis Edwardi filii regis Edwardi
xvij°, Willelmus Gubbe de Tynemuth et Willelmus filius Walteri de Copon ceperunt ad terminum vite
eorum illud bondagium in Copon quod Johannes filius Andree quondam tenuit ibidem, quod quidem
bondagium continet x.\xvj acras terre et j toftum et dimidium ; et reddent pro qualibet acra per quinque
primos annos iij'', et post quinque annos completes reddent predicti Willelmus et Walterus pro qualibet
acra iiij'' per annum ad terminos usuales. Ita quod, altero ipsorum defuncto, medietas illius bondagii, quam
medietatem idem defunctus tenuit, ad priorem revertatur, alii vel aliis pro sua voluntate dimittenda. Et
reddent firmam sicut predictum est ; necnon tallagium et alia sicut ceteri ejusdem tenure reddent et
facient. Et predicti Willelmus et Walterus re-edificabunt infra predictos primos v annos supra predictum
bondagium, sumptibus suis prefer viij'" ligna que prior contulit eisdem, unam domum, illam videlicet que
consuevit esse principalis domus ejusdem bondagii, necnon et unam grangiam. Ita quod statim incipient
terram illam colere et, quam citius tempus exigit, seminare. Et incipiet prima solucio firme sue ad festum
Pentecoste proxime futurum. Tym-nwuth Chartulary, fol. 35.

- Ibid. fols. 53 b, 61 b.

' For the significance of the payments see vol. viii. of this series, p. 224. The sums due for them are
elsewhere given as is. 4d. and is. 3|d. respectively. Tynemouth Chartulary, fol. 67.

■"The mill was a windmill, and its site is possibly marked by the 'Windmill' inn, at the east
end of the village. It was taken on lease in 1338, at a yearly rent of five marks, by Robert, son of
Alan of Cowpen, and Walter Bercar of Bebside. The lessees undertook to find all things necessary
for the mill except the millstones. These were to be provided by the prior of Tynemouth at his own
cost. Ibid. fol. 175.

' See above, p. 223.

' Memorandum quod annuus redditus decem solidorum debitorum de terra quam Bartholomeus
le Vaus tenet in Copoun fuit a retro de tribus annis et dimidio ad terminum Pentecoste, anno
domini M°CCC"'°XXXIJ, videlicet xxxv* redditus preter xiiij solidos qui similiter debentur de dicta
terra de tempore predicto predicti Bartholomei post mortem patris sui. Et predictus prior reniisit
gratia sua, ad instanciam domini E. de Swinborn, magnam summam pecunie debitam de dictis
arreragiis dicti redditus, ita quod predicti xiiij solidi solverentur, et deinceps predictus annuus redditus.
Ibid. fol. 161 b.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

313

From the year 1377 down to the dissolution of the monasteries there
are no documents to illustrate the history of the monastic lands in Cowpen.
During this period the customary freeholders, who formed the bulk of
the population in 1323, disappeared as a class. Some, no doubt, com-
pounded for their services, and thereby acquired an absolute freehold,
subject only to a rent of assize. Others, and these were probably the more
numerous, sold their lands to the prior and convent, who re-granted them
to tenants at will upon a nominally precarious tenure, which may yet
have been converted by custom into a form of tenant right.^

A detailed account of the priory lands, compiled after the suppression,
contains a list of these husbandry tenants.

Survey of Cowpen, 1546."

Tenant.

Former Tenant.

Holding

Rent.

s. ^

Cuthbert Robinson

—

Tenement, :

0 acres of arable ;

pas-

ture for

6 oxen, 3 horses, 2c

sheep, 3

cows ...

Richard Mawen ...

Richard Burgham

... Tenement,

with lands, meadows

and pas

ure

William Tailfere ...

—

Tenement

George Spring

—

Tenement,

16 acres of arable

; pas-

ture foi

4 cattle, 2 horses, 2

cows, 10 sheep

Thomas Richardson

—

Tenement,

with lands, etc.

George Maunder

.. John Maunder

... Tenement,

with lands, etc.

All the tenants ...

—

I acre

Cuthbert Robinson

Thomas Saunderson

... Tenement,

with lands, etc.

Thomas Robinson

—

Tenement,

with lands, etc.

Thomas Robinson

... Thomas Burrell

... Cottage

Thomas Walez ...

... John Stracton

... Tenement

Edward Robinson

—

Tenement

3r cottage

John Bomaker

—

Tenement

Robert Storye

, . —

Tenement

Robert Storye

—

Cottage

John Saunderson

Anthony Pryngle

... Cottage

Thomas Chamber

—

Cottage

Widow Joan Carre

Archibald Carre

... Cottage

Hugh Walis

—

Cottage

George Robinson

... John Bell

... Cottage

None

Robert Browne

... Cottage

None

... Isabel Fogard

... Cottage

' For lands in Cowpen acquired by the prior and convent in the fourteenth century see vol. viii. of
this series, pp. 11 5- 1 1 7.

^ Exchequer K.R. Ministers' Accounts, 38 Hen. VIII.-i Edw. VI. No. 51.

Vol. IX.

314 horton chapelry.

The Freeholders' Moiety.

The deeds of endowment that are wanting in the case of Tynemouth
fortunately exist for Brinkburn, and show that, between the years 1153
and 1 165, James de Bolam and Gilbert his son granted to the prior and
convent of Brinkburn a salt pan, a toft, and half a carucate of land in
Cowpen.^ Bishop Pudsey's confirmation of this deed of gift conveys the
additional information that the place at which the salt pan was situated
was called Aynewick.^ Gilbert de Bolam subsequently gave to the canons
of Brinkburn a right of way between the salt pan and the vill, and safe-
guarded their rights in cases of enclosure of the common wastes.^

Lands were likewise given to the priory, in the latter part of the
twelfth century, by Roger fitz Hugh, who held a portion of Cowpen by
feoffment from his kinsmen the Bolams. The property conveyed by him
is specified as extending from the canons' salt pan to the twelve acres
north of the marsh, and along the marsh by way of the strother up to
the dvke/ A later charter defines the land as lying between the salt pan
and the road that led from Coupwell to Cowpen mill/ Assuming the
salt pan of Avnewick to have been situated near Cowpen Square, the marsh
mav be identified with the stream that falls into the Blyth between Cowpen
Square and Bucks-hill, and the land granted to Brinkburn by Roger fitz
Hugh probably lay upon both banks of the stream. Its southern boundary
coincided with the Cowpen and Blyth road, near to which, and west of
Cowpen North pit, was the spring called the Coupwell.'' Cowpen mill
may have stood farther west, upon the site of the ' Windmill ' inn.

By another charter Roger fitz Hugh gave to the canons of Brinkburn
the tithe of the multure of half the mill.' About the year 1200, his brother
and heir, John fitz Hugh, granted to the priory six acres in the culture
or field called Milnes-flat, and licensed the erection of new buildings at

' Brinkburn Chartulary, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 90, p. 155. " Und. p. 180.

" In mora etiam cum arabitur, sive ad opus domini sive ad communem divisionem quae inter
homines fiat, partem habeant canonici quanta ad dimidiam carucatam pertinet. Ibid. p. 156. The
reference may be either to permanent enclosure of common or to the temporary and periodic conversion
of waste land into arable.

' Illam terram, scilicet, quae mei juris est, quae jacet inter salinam dictorum canonicorum et ad duo-
decim acras ultra maresium aquilonis, et quantum mei juris est illius maresii per le strothere usque ad
fossatum. Ibid. p. 160.

^ Ibid. p. 1S6 ; Rotiili Cliartarmn, Record Com. p. 88.

' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 27I n ; Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 147.

' Brinkburn Chartulary, p. 157.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 315

Aynewick.' The same benefactor afterwards accorded permission to the
canons to have the corn grown on their demesne ground at his mill toll-
free and hopper-free."

Before the dissolution of the monasteries the Brinkburn priory lands
in Cowpen had suffered considerable reduction, for they comprised, at that
period, no more than one messuage, eighteen acres of arable, four acres
of meadow, and common of pasture. The premises were granted by the
Crown, on June 22nd, 1555, to Thomas Holmes and Gilbert Langton,
both of London.' Inasmuch as ecclesiastical bodies were prohibited from
alienating property to laymen, it may be conjectured that the canons of
Brinkburn had sold or assigned the bulk of their property to the prior and
convent of Tynemouth.

Roger fitz Hugh was closely akin to the Bolams, his overlords, being
described by Walter, son of Gilbert de Bolam, as his uncle. ^ He was
likewise united bv blood relationship to the Baliols. As nephew of the
first or second Bernard de Baliol, he and his brother John were enrolled
in the Durham Book of Life among members of that baronial house. ^
Bernard de Baliol H. enfeoffed him of the vill of Mickley and rents in
Ovington, which places were confirmed to his brother and heir, John iitz
Hugh, by King John, February 13th and 15th, 1200/1.° Stamfordham,
another fief of the Baliols, was also held by Roger fitz Hugh," but appears
to have passed from his family at his death. Besides inheriting the Cowpen,
Mickley and Ovington properties from his brother, John fitz Hugh was
tenant in fee, under the Baliols, of an estate in Newbiggin,** and succeeded,
before the year 1196, to Rugley in the Alnwick barony, of which his uncle,
Ralph fitz Roger, had been enfeoffed by William de Vesci.'^

' Brinkburn Chartulary p. 158.

" Ibid. p. 159. ' Molent proximum tremulum post me et heredes meos in nostra parte molendini.'
An explanation of hopper-freedom is furnished by a custumal of Ashton-under-Lyne : 'And when the
lord's corn come to the milne, he shall put all men out of their grist, and take their coin out of the
hopper if there be any therein, and his corn shall be ground next before all men when it comes to the
miln, without niulter or paying service to the milner.' Cheetham Soc. Pub. No. 74, p. 109, cited in
Bennett and Elton, History of Corn Milling, vol. iii. p. 66. In the north of England the term 'rumfre'
(room-free) appears to have been generally employed to denote hopper-freedom. For an early instance
of this terminology see Proc. Soc. Aiitiq. Newcastle, 3rd series, vol. ii. p. 39.

^ Patent Roll, No. 870. ' Brinkburn Chartulary, p. 1 57. ' Liber Vitae, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 13, p. 103.

« Rotuli Chartarum, Record Com. p. 87 ; Rotuli dc Oblatis, Record Com. p. 112. Chronological con-
siderations preclude the identification of Roger fitz Hugh of Cowpen, who died before February, 1200/1,
with the person of that name who, circa 121 2, held the fee of Coniscliffe in right of his wife, .\mabilia de
Baliol, and died shortly before October 24th, 12 14. Testa de Nevill, p. 395 ; Rot. Lit. Clans. Record
Com. p. 174 ; Northumberland Pipe Rolls, ed. Hodgson, p. 120.

' Brinkburn Chartulary, p. 160. " Ibid. p. 143.

' Pipe Rolls, ed. Hodgson, p. 56 ; Red Book of the Exchequer, p. 428.

3l6 HORTON CHAPELRY.

Some additional interest attaches to the history of these early Covvpen
landowners from the light thrown by their pedigree upon the origin of
the second house of Delaval. The two brothers, Roger and John, were
sons of a certain Hugh. Their grandfather's name was Roger. Their
neighbour and contemporary, Gilbert Delaval, was likewise son of Hugh
fitz Roger. Walter de Bolam was nephew of Roger fitz Hugh and John
fitz Hugh ; he also styles himself kinsman or cousin of Margery, daughter
of Gilbert Delaval.^ Roger and John were undoubtedly members of the
Baliol family, and it has already been seen that there is ground for con-
nectinc; the Delavals with the same stock.' Gilbert Delaval heads the list
of witnesses to several of the deeds of Roger fitz Hugh and John fitz Hugh,
and joins them in contracting pecuniary engagements.' Finally Gilbert
Delaval, the son of Hugh fitz Roger, is known to have had a brother named
Roger,^ whose patronymic would consequently be Fitz-hugh. An attempt
is made in the following table to elucidate these cross relationships.

Roger.

I I . II

[Daughter and = Hugh fitz Roger, held the =[ Daughter Ralph fitz Roger, held Rugley Richard (a).

heiress of .
Delaval.]

barony of Seaton Delaval
in 1162 ; died 1165.

"of Hugh of William de Vesci in 1:66 WiUiam (a),

de Balioh] (a).

I I I ' I

Gilbert Delaval, sue- Roger fitz Hugh, held lands John fitz Hugh, succeeded to Rugley on [A daughter

ceeded to Seaton in Cowpen ; was enfeoffed the death of his uncle, circa 1196 («'), who married

Delaval and died of Mickley by Bernard de and to Cowpen and Mickley on the Gilbert de

circa 1229. ^^ Baliol ; died circa 1200. death of his brother; living in 1214. Bolam.]

Eustace fitz John, held lands Alice de Carville, wife of Elyas Kiriieman, surrendered her claims to the lands of John
in Cowpen in 1234. fitz Hugh in Cowpen in 1234, and to the manor of Rugley in 1241.

Roger de Carville, joined his mother in surrender of Rugley, 1241.
(a) Curia Regis Rolls, No. 25.

John fitz Hugh was still living in 1214.^ He died before the year
1234. His vill of Mickley was at that time held by a certain Theophania,
who had brought it by marriage to Gilbert de Umfraville, lord of Prudhoe.''
The remainder of his property descended to his son Eustace, and to Alice
de Carville and her husband, Elyas Kirkeman. In June, 1234, Kirkeman

' Newminster Chartidaiy, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 66, pp. 180-1S2. ■ See above, p. 138.

" Brinkburn Chartulary, pp. 144, 15S ; Rotuli de Oblatis, p. 112.

' Deed in the Liber Chartarum ; archives of the corporation of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

' Pipe Rolh, ed. Hodgson, p. 117.

' Feet 0/ Fines, case 180, file 3, No. 50 ; Testa de Nevill, p. 3SS.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 317

and his wife released to Alina de Bolain, one of the two daughters and
co-heirs of Walter de Bolam, all claim to the lands in Bebside and Cowpen
formerly held by John fitz Hugh, Eustace fitz John assenting to their act.
They received in exchange two bovates of land and fifteen acres in Cowpen,
and common of pasture in Cowpen and Bebside. The fifteen acres are
specified as lying in Childeslawe near land of Robert de Whitchester, the
field called Twenty-acres, Willames-flat near land of the prior of Tyne-
mouth, Crossway, Bebside-leys, Cocklaw, the gate leading to Bebside, and
the Faldes. Alina de Bolam also conveyed to Kirkeman and his wife
two tofts formerly belonging to Ada, daughter of Exstild, and to Liolf the
Salter, and joined Eustace fitz John in freeing them from payment of
multure upon corn ground at Eustace's mill, and in granting to them a
serf named Robert, son of Robert.'

Elyas Kirkeman and Alice de Carville had, on February nth, 1226/7,
assigned three carucates in Eachwick to Gilbert Delaval in exchange for a
messuage and two bovates of land in Callerton.' On February 7th, 1234/5,
they sold forty-eight acres in Canihou (Cambo) to Robert de Camhou ; '
and in September, 1241, they and Roger, son of the said Alice, released
their claims in the manor of Rugley to Reyner Teutonicus.* Their con-

' Hec est finalis concordia facta in curia domini regis apiid Appelby in octabis sancti Georgii, anno
regni regis Henrici filii regis Johannis decimo nono, coram Rogero Bertram, Roberto de Ros, Willelmo
de Ebor', et Ricardo de Levinton, justiciariis itinerantibus, et aliis domini regis fidelibus tunc ibi pre-
sentibus, inter Alinam de Bolum petentem per Robertum de Camho positum loco suo ad lucrandum vel
perdendum, et Elyam Kirkeman et Aliciam uxorem ejus tenentes per Rogerum de Karvill positum loco
ipsorum ad lucrandum vel perdendum, de duabus bovatis terre cum pertinenciis in Copum, unde placitum
fuit inter eos in eadem curia, scilicet quod predict! Elyas et Alicia recognoverunt totam predictam terram
cum pertinentiis esse jus ipsius Aline. Et preterea predict! Elyas et Alicia remiserunt et quietum clama-
verunt de se et heredibus ipsius .'^licie predicte Aline et heredibus suis totum jus et clamium quod habuerunt
in tota terra cum pertinentiis que fuit Johannis de Copum in Bebbeset et in Copum inperpetuum. Et pro
hac recognitione, donacione, concessione, remissione, quieta clamancia, fine et concordia, predicta Alina
dedit et concessit predictis Elye et Alicie predictas duas bovatas terre cum pertinentiis. Et preterea
quindecini acras terre et duo tofta cum pertinentiis de incremento in Copum, et communam pasture in
Copum et Bebbeset, scilicet quinque acras super Childeslawe juxta terram Roberti de Wytcestre, et
quinque acras super ilium campum qui vdcatur Twentiacres et jacent propinquius versus solem, et unam
acram et unam rodam super Willamesflat juxta terram prioris de Tynemue, et dimidiam acram super
Crossewaye, et dimidiam acram super Bebbesetesleys, et unam rodam apud Kokelawe, et tres rodas ad
exitum versus campum de Bebbesete, et unam acram et tres rodas in Les faldes, et ilia duo tofta que
Ada filia Exstild et Liolf le Salter quondam tenuerunt in predicta villa de Copum. Habendum et
tenendum predictis Elye et Alicie et heredibus ipsius .Alicie de predicta .Alina et heredibus suis inper-
petuum, reddendo inde annuatim sex denarios ad festum sancti Cuthberti in Septembri pro omni
servicio et exaccione. Et sciendum est quod predict! Elyas et Alicia et heredes ipsius Alicie, de consensu
Eustachii fill! Johannis de Copum, molent bladum proprie domus sue ad molendinum Eustachii et
heredum suorum de Copum quiete de molitura inperpetuum. Et sciendum est quod predict! .■\lina
et Eustachius remiserunt et quietum clamaverunt de se et heredibus ipsorum predictis Elye et .Alicie
et heredibus ipsms Alicie totum jus et clamium quod habuerunt in nativitate Robert! filii Roberti de
Copum et tocius sequele sue inperpetuum. Et hec concordia facta fuit presente predicto Eustachio
de Copum et earn concedente. Fed 0/ Fines, case iSo, file 4, No. 61.

= Ibid, file 3, No. 16. " Ibid. No. 4S. ' Ibid, file 4, Xo. 67.

3l8 HORTON CHAPELRY.

tinned connexion witl: Cowpen is marked by a grant of two acres in the
Mill-flat and two acres in the Snook made by them to Nevvminster abbey/
The fonr acres were forthwith granted by the abbot and convent on lease
to Robert, son of Robert, the serf previously mentioned, to hold at a
rent of three shillings, the rent to be received by a lay brother who had
management of the abbey salt pans on the north bank of the river." At
its suppression Newminster abbey was not in receipt of more than two
shillings' yearly rent from property in Cowpen.^ The parcels of land from
which this rent was derived were granted by the Crown, on April 6th, 1605,
to Sir Henry Lindley and John Starkey,'' who conveyed them, on August
19th, 1606, to Sir Robert Delaval of Seaton Delaval.'

A branch of the great family of Basset, which had been settled at
Penshaw and Offerton in the county of Durham at least as early as 11 So,*'
acquired property in Cowpen about the year 1262. William de Wessington,
a Durham knight, at that time conveved to Marmaduke Basset and to
Isabella his wife, presumably upon marriage, eight bovates in Eachwick,
thirty-five acres in Bebside, and eighty acres in Cowpen, to be held by
knight's service/ Marmaduke Basset and Hugh Basset, grandsons of the
elder Marmaduke, took part in the rebellion raised by Gilbert de Middleton
and 'Walter de Selby,** for which act they were forced to go on a pilgrimage
to Rome/ Marmaduke Basset returned from Rome without bringing with
him sufficient evidence of his absolution, and found himself obliged to repeat
the toilsome journey/'' It was not until he had returned a second time
that a general pardon was granted to him, and even then the robbery of
the cardinals was expressly excepted/^

Hugh Basset fared better than his brother. He became a veoman
in the king's household, and was even rewarded with lands in Cowpen
forfeited by another rebel, Thomas Mareschal.^^ The escheat comprised

' Newminster Chartulary, Suit. Soc. Pub. No. 66, p. 56. - Ibid. p. 57.

' Dugdale, Monasticon, vol. v. p. 402. ' Patent Roll, No. 1672.

* Land Revenue Enrolment Books, vol. cxcviii. p. 24S.

" For the date of Bishop Pudsey's charter see Victoria County History of Durham, vol. i. p. 313 n.

' Curia Regis Rolls, Nos. 177, 178 ; Iiiq. p.m. 10 Hen. IV. No. 26.

" Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1321-1324, pp. 209, 39S ; 1324-1327, p. 2S9.

'Ibid. 1317-1321, p. 211. "Ibid. 1317-1321, p. 399. "Ibid. 1321-1324, pp. 209, 298.

'■■^ Ibid. 1334-133S, p. 78. The Mareschals were a Scottish family, some of whom held property at
Middleton, near Belford. See vol. i. of this series, pp. 395-396. Roger Mareschal, who appears to have
also had an estate at Hallmire in Scotland {Cal. Doc. Rcl. Scot. vol. iii. p. 52), purchased lands in
Cowpen from John Gripedale of that place, which he forfeited for treason, but had subsequently restored
to him in 1304. Cal. Close Rolls, 1302-1307, p. 130.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 3ig

three messuages and ninety-one acres or one carucatc of land/ From
Hugh Basset the lands in Cowpen, Bebside and Eachwick eventually de-
scended to his grandson, John Basset, by whom they were conveyed to .Sir
John Mitford of Mitford.'

BASSET OF COWPEN AND OFFERTON.

Arms : Tkw hnrs, in chief twelve cross cross/els, six and six. Seal of Sir William Basset now in the possession of the Rev.
William Greenwell {Arch. .Ael. 1st series, vol. ii. p. 279).

Ralph Basset, held Middleham of Jordan EscoUand ; exchanged that vill for Penshaw before 1 180 (^Bo/don Bute. p. xlii).

William Basset of Penshaw, living 1183 {Boldon Buie, p. 7).

Reginald Basset of Offerton {Cal. Inq. p.m. vol. i. p. 129), with the consent of Agnes his wife and Jordan Escolland his lord,
granted property in Durham to the prior and convent (^Feodnrinm, p. ig6 n) ; died before 1242 (^.dssize Roll, No. 223, m. 3 d).

Sir William Basset, knight, collector of an aid in Easington ward, 1237 (Cal. Close Rolls, 1234-1237, p. 568), living 25th March,
1254 (Tres Scriptores, p. Ixxxiv).

Sir Marmaduke Basset, knight, to whom Sir William de Wessington conveyed lands in Cowpen, Bebside = Isabella [de
and Eachwick, circa 1263 ; living nth September, 1269 (Cal. Charter Rolls, vol. ii. p. 232). I Wessington].

Sir William Basset of Offerton, knight, son of Sir Marmaduke Basset {Cal. Close Rolls, 1288-1296, p. 117) ; sold =

Offerton in 1310 to John de Denum (Arch. .Ael. ist series, vol. ii. pp. 276-280). I

I \

Marmaduke Basset, son Isabella, co- = Hugh Basset, king's yeoman, surrendered all claim to = Alice, widow of

^ *^ ... j^.^ father's lands in Offerton and Penshaw (.Arch. John de Cram-

Ael. 1st series, vol. ii. p. 2S3) ; as brother and heir of lington, had par-

Marmaduke Basset made fine for forfeited lands in don for marrying

Cowpen, Bebside and Eachwick (Originalia. vol. ii. again without li-

p. 261) ; had a grant of Thomas Mareschal's lands in cence, 5th July,

Cowpen, nth February, 1335 (Ca/. /"tfi". A*!)//?, 1334- 1345 (Cal. Pat.

1338, p. 78) ; served under the earl of Northampton Rolls, 1343-1345,

against the French in 1337 (ihid. p. 531). p. 519).

of Sir William Basset heir of

(Cal. Close Rolls, 131S- moiety of

1323, p. 721) ; joined in Tritlington

Middleton's rebellion, and Ears-

for which he received don (Feud-

pardon, 3rd September, al.-i ids,\o\.

1322 (Cal. Pat. Rolls, iv. p. 60).
1321-1324, p. 209).

I I

John Basset of Cowpen, son of Hugh Basset, attested a deed dated 1348 Isabella, sister and == William de A\halton
( Visitation of Northumherland'). heir (a). (a).

I
John Basset (a), had pardon for taking goods from a wreck at Blythesnook, l5th November, 13S7 (Cal. Pat. Roils, 1385-1389,
p. 374) ; living in 1391 ; conveyed his lands in Cowpen, Bebside and Eachwick to Sir John Mitford.

Ca) Newmiuster Chartiilary, p. 196.

Mitford likewise became possessed of a socage holding in Cowpen
that had belonged, in the time of Edward II., to William Shafto.^ The
two Cowpen properties, which thus became united, were specified, in 1423,
as consisting respectively of a waste capital messuage and one hundred and
thirty acres, and a waste messuage and one hundred and forty acres/

' Cal. Close Rolls, 1333-1337, p. 421. " Lii]. p.m. lo Hen. I\'. No. 26 : Xewminster Chartiilary, p. 194.

' Inq. p.m. 10 Hen. IV. No. 26. William de Shafto had lands in Hartington and Cowpen settled
upon him by his parents, Gilbert and Elena de Shafto, in January, 1286. Feet of Fines, case 181. file 7,
No. 45. In November, 1312, he limited the succession to the premises to his own issue by Isabella his
wife ; ibid, file 10, No. 22. For a pedigree of the family see vol. iv. of this series, p. 417.

* Iiuj. p.m. I Hen. VI. No. 40.

1296.

1 1

unde regi

1 1

xo\

regi,

1 6s. 7

Probatur.'

1312

unde regi

loi

1 1

„

1 1

; resi

:2 IS. 7:

\A. Probat

:ur.-

320 HORTON CHAPELRY.

CopON SuiisiDY Roll,

Summa bonorum Robert! Wause

„ Roljerti de Snafifeld ...

„ Henrici de Cambhous

„ Johannis de Aynewicke

„ VVillehTii del burn

„ Ade Colier

Summa hujus ville, /"g 2s. 4d. ; unde domino

CoPOUN Subsidy Roll,

Summa bonorum Johannis de Vallibus

., magistri Roberti de Snafeld

,, Ricardi de aula

,, Roberti filii Elie

„ Henrici de Cammus

„ Johannis de Aynevvyke

„ Willelmi del born

„ Ade Colier

Summa summarum particularium, £20 i6s. ; unde

Robert de Vaux and John de Vaiix, whose names head the two subsidy
rolls here set out, were members of the family of Vaux of Beaufront.
There is reason for thinking that thev may have held the seignory of this
moiety of the township, for in May, 1309, Andrew de Thunderle and
Gundreda his wife released to John de Vaux their claim to the manor of
Cowpen.' Their property consisted of five messuages, a hundred acres of
arable and twenty acres of meadow.* Under an entail made in 1362,^ the
Vaux estates passed, upon the death of John, son of Adam de Vaux, to

' Lay Subsidy Roll, ifs. = /i,,/. iia_ ■■> p^,gt of Fines, case iSi, file 10, No. 6.

' Inq. p.m. 13 Hen. VI. No. 30.

' Hec carta indentata testatur quod Willelmus de Heselrygg et Johannes de Ebor', vicarius de
Chollerton, dederunt, etc., Johanni de ^'aus et Marie uxori ejus omnia ilia terras et tenementa, redditus
et servicia, cum reversionibus quibuscunque in villis de No\o Castro super Tynam, Denton, Heton,
Josmeth, Bradford, Coupon, Wydeslade South, .Schotton et Ayden in comitatu Northumbrie, ac eciam
manerium de Beaufront ac omnia ilia terras et tenementa, redditus et servicia, cum pertinenciis, in Boclif,
Byngfeld, Forteyhat et He.xsam infra libertatem de Hextildesham, una cum omnibus terris et tenementis,
redditibus et serviciis, ac reversionibus suis quibuscunque, in villis de Dodehow et Gatisheved et alibi
infra libertatem Dunelmensem, que prius habuerunt ex dono et feoftamento predict! Johannis filii Ade in
villis et manerio predictis. Habendum, etc., predictis Johanni filio Ade et RIarie uxori ejus et heredibus
de corporibus, etc., imperpetuum. Et si contingat quod predictus Johannes filius Ade et Maria obierint,
etc., tunc omnia predicta, etc., remaneant predicto Johanni filio Ade et heredibus, etc., tenenda, etc.,
imperpetuum. Et si contingat quod predictus Johannes filius Ade obierit sine herede, etc., tunc, post
decessum ipsius Johannis, medietates omnium, etc., remaneant Rogero de Wodryngton et heredibus,
etc., imperpetuum, tenenda, etc., imperpetuum ; et alie medietates manerii, terrarum et tenementorum,
reddituum et serviciorum et reversionum predictorimi, etc., remaneant Willelmo filio Johannis de
Menyvill et heredibus, etc., tenenda, etc., imperpetuum. In cujus, etc. Hiis testibus, dominis Gerardo
de Wodryngton, Willelmo Heron, Johanne Heron, militibus, Rogero de Wodryngton, tunc vicecomite
Northumbrie, Roberto de Fenewik, Thoma de Fenewyk, Willelmo de Menevill, Johanne de Birtley,
Willelmo de Hepescotes, et aliis. Datum apud Denton, vicesimo die Mail, anno gracie millesimo
trescentesimo sexagesimo secundo. Durh. Treas. Misc. Chart, from Hodgson MSS. vol. ' L.' p. 264. The
original is now wanting.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 321

his daughter Elizabeth and to her husband, John Errington. Errington
survived his wife and died without issue by her, April 6th, 1434; where-
upon the estates devolved, in accordance with the previous settlement,
upon Sir John Widdrington of Widdrington and Sir Robert Claxton of
Dilston. Partition was made between the two co-heirs in 1448, the Covvpen
lands falling to Widdrington.'

The ministers' accounts for Cowpen for the year 1539 give the names
of those who were at that time free tenants in the manor, with the amount
of the quit-rents paid by them to Tynemouth priory : ^ heirs of John
Preston,' 9s. 8d. ; George Harbottle,' 7s. i id. ; heirs of Roger Harding,' 4s. ;
John Fenwick," lod. ; Gawen Mitford," yd. ; Thomas Robinson, is. 8d. ;
Christopher Bell, for lands held at will, then in the tenure of Richard
Maven, 6s. 8d. ; Thomas Saunderson, 8d. ; Harbottle's heirs, free farm,
2s. 4d. ; Richard Widdrington,* i8s. 5|d.

' This indenture niayd the secund day of October ye yere of ye renge of kyng Henry sext, sithen ye
conquest xxvij betwex Roger Wodryngton esquier appon ye ton party and Robert of Claxton esquier
appon ye tother party, witnesseth that ye said parties are accordit and perticion mayd of certen landdes
and tenementes whilke late tyme were Adam Wasche in ye countie of Northumbr' and Hexhamshier in
ye maner and forme that foloth, that is to say ye said Roger sail have to hyme and to his herz for ever-
more all ye landes and tenementez with appurtenanz whilke were ye said Adaniz in ye town and felds of
Cowpen, ye whilke landes and tenementez ye said Roger and Robert standez in full poscescyon of at ye
makynge of this indenturez, and also certen landez and tenementez in Heton besyde ye Newe Castell
uppon Tyne, Shotton and North Horsley within ye said countie of ye Northumbr', and Byngfeld in
Hexhamshir with appurtenanz, etc. And allso ye said Robert sail have to hym and his herz for ever-
more the tour and toun, landes and tenementes, inedowesz and pastures, rentes and services with
appurtenanz whilke were some tyme ye sayd Adam Wash in Bewfronte in ony maner of wyse to ye said
tour and toun of Bewfront perteyning. Alsso ye forsaid Robert sail have to hym and his herz for
evermore all ye landes and tenementes rentes and service with apportenanz whilke were ye said Adamz
in Aydene, and in Brumley, and alsso a yerly rent of xx' isuyng out of ye towne and feldes of Bradforth,
to be taken yerly to ye said Robert and his herz for evermore in ye counte of Northumbr', allway
provided that ye said Robert and his herz gyfh to ye said Roger and his herz yerly ii" everemore, etc.
Wytnes of this thynge ye partiez foresaid has sette yere seall interchaungeabill, day and yere forseyd.
Seal, a bend between three hedgehogs. Durh. Treas. Misc. Chart. 502.

= Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 226 ; Exchequer K.R. Ministers' Accoimts, 38 Hen. VIII. -i Edw. \T.
No. 51. s For the Preston family see the final section of this chapter.

' Sir Bertram Monboucher, ancestor of George Harbottle, died in 1388, seised of three tenements
or husbandlands in Cowpen, held by him in socage of Robert de Vaux. Inq. p.m. 12 Ric. II. No. 36.
In Hall and Humberston's survey, made in 1569, the Harbottle estate in Cowpen was stated to consist
of five cottages and three salt pans, held by tenants at will. Exchequer K.R. Miscellaneous Books,
vol. xxxvii. fol. 201. The descent of the property has been given above in the account of Hartford.

= William Harding was residing at Cowpen in 1448 ; 34^/1 Deputy Keeper's Report, p. 190. Among
the Harding of HoUinside muniments in the possession of the earl of Strathmore is a grant of a
messuage and eight acres in Cowpen, made on August 7th, 1402, by John Rogerson of Ellington and
Margaret his wife to William Jonson of Newcastle and Elena his wife, and to Richard de Pary^sh,
chaplain. 'Testibus Willelmo de Cramlyngton, Johanne de Cramlyngton, Johanne de Wodburn,
Johanne de Brotherwyk, et aliis.' Bowes Charters, No. 48.

"John Fenwick of Stanton. His grandson. Richard Fenwick, held lands in Cowpen in 1568.
Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. iii. p. Ixiv. An ancestor, Robert de Fenwick, owned property here
in 1358. Dodsworth MSS. vol. xlv. fols. 40 b. 45 b. " Fourth in descent from Sir John Mitford.

* Probably in error for Sir John Widdrington, great-great-grandson of Roger Widdrington, who was
party to the division of 1448.

Vol. IX. 41-

322 HORTON CHAPELRY.

COWPEN IN THE SIXTEENTH CeNTURY.

Having traced the history of the township down to the suppression
of Tynemouth priory, when the monastic lands became appropriated to
the Crown, it is time to pay some attention to the agricultural conditions
that then prevailed, and to examine the causes that prevented a customary
tenant right ripening into copyhold of inheritance. Up to this period the
Cowpen husbandry tenants had, in all probability, enjoyed as favourable
terms as were accorded to their class in other parts of Tynemouthshire ;
yet the formal establishment ot copyhold tenure, won in 1619 for other
lands of the suppressed monastery,' was not extended to Cowpen. The
sixteenth century proved a critical period. It might have seen the growth
of numerous small copyhold estates existing side by side with the more
ancient freeholds. In place of that, the customary tenants went under, and
their lands, absorbed into a single demesne, were ultimately granted to
one large landowner.

'The mannor and towne,' it is stated in a survey of Cowpen made at
the close of the century, ' hath the like liberties as hathe Tynemouthshire,
and hath allwayes had ther court leet and baron, albeit for the leet
th'inhabitauntes allwayes appeare at the courtes at Tynemouth and there
present blood and escheates. . . . The tennantes ther clame like custome
of ther tenementes as have the tennantes of Tynemouthshire, which cus-
tome is broken by all saving some and leased.'^

Two original admittances, both dated October ist, 1553, have survived,
showing that surrenders and admittances were then still taken according
to the old forms. At a court held at Cowpen on that day Thomas Benson
of Bedlington, senior, and Thomas Benson, junior, were each of them
admitted to a tenement in Cowpen for terms of their lives, the habendum
clause being ' secundum consuetudinem manerii.' ^ A Crown lease of two
other tenements for twenty-one years, made on May nth, 1564, to Thomas
Bates of Holywell, comes as the first sign of the introduction of a leasehold
system.* The change was not effected without a struggle. ' William Gray,
who was thereof possessed, contended with Bates, challenging his tenant
right.' =

' Vol. viii. of this series, pp. 238-239.

- Duke of Northumberland's MSS. The court rolls show that the tenants of Cowpen continued to
be represented at the Tynemouth courts as late as 1620. Vol. viii. of this series, p. 240.
' Thoroton and Croft papers.
' Augmentation Office, Enrolments of Leases, 6 Eliz. roll 2, No. 7. Thoroton and Croft papers.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 323

Coal mining and the salt industry were even then attracting capital
to the district. The value of the minerals that underlay this area was
beginning to be recognised, and no doubt the Crown found it more ad-
vantageous to deal with men of substance holding their lands for a term
of years, than to sanction a right of succession to small farmers. Custom
might be easily overthrown in a single village if the tenants in the rest
of the liberty were not provoked to make common cause.

A lease of five tenements to Gawen Milburne of Bedlington followed
in 1573.' Like Bates, Milburne acquired rights of working coal within
the township. He was appointed bailiff and collector of rents for Cowpen,
and it seems most probable that he threw the five tenements into a single
demesne, if indeed the customary tenants had not suffered eviction before
his tenancy commenced. Dying about the year 1588, he was succeeded
in his lease by his son-in-law, Clement Delaval. In the course of a few
years Clement Delaval and his brothers, Peter Delaval and Ralph Delaval,
acquired a leasehold interest in all Crown lands in Cowpen, together with
the sole right of working minerals.

It is interesting to observe that, while customary holdings were falling
into the hands of a single lessee, the same process was going forward on
the freeholders' lands. Joshua Delaval, brother of the Crown lessees,
reported in 1596 as follows :

Cowpen. Robert Wythrington of Plessy, esq., having one tenement or fermhold in Cowpon with the
appurtenances, and ij cotages, being his frehold land of the auncient rent of xl« by ye yeare, haith leased
the same to one Wilham Tate, a Scot, and yeldeth therfor x'' by yeare as ys said.

Lewes Wooddrington holdeth in Cowpon one tenement or fermhold, being his frehold, of the auncient
rent of xviij' v'' by yeare, and haith leaste likewyse his frehold unto ye Scot, William Tate, for rent.

Raphe Wallis holdeth one frehold ther of the like value, which he haith also leaste unto ye said Scot,
William Tate.

Richard Preston holdeth another tenement or fermhold ther, being his frehold, of the like value, and
haith leaste yt likewyse unto ye same Scot, William Tate.

All which 4 freholds haith and ought to find 4 able men with sufficient horse and furniture to attend
the captayne of Tynemouth in her majestie's service ; wheras the same Scot kepes not one sufficient
horse, his goods being better worth then cc", and no denizen. He kepeth a vittalinge house, not being
licensed of anie justice of peace or the steward of her majestie's mannor of Tinemouth, in contempt of
her majestie's lawes."

Possibly the suppression of small holdings was hastened by the fact
that the open-field system of husbandry, inimical under any circumstances
to progressive agriculture, existed in Cowpen in a peculiarly archaic form.

' Enrolments of Leases, roll 31, No. 7.

^ Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries.

324 HORTON CHAPELRY.

Evidence as to the local custom was given by Ralph Delaval in 1599.
After deposing that all the queen's demesne lands in Covvpen, save a
few small gardens adjoining tenements, lay in common, ' strinckled ' rig
by rig together with the freeholders' lands throughout all the arable lands
there, he proceeded to describe the usage in detail :

At the layenge forth of any decayed or wasted corne feilde, and takinge in any new feildes of the
common wastes in liewe thereof, everie tenaunte was and is to have so much lande in everie new fielde
as everie of them layde forth in everie wasted or decayed corne feilde, or accordinge to the rents of
everie tenaunte's tenement in such place and places as did befall everie of them by their lott ; and so
hath everie of the quene's tenauntes within the towne of Cowpon aforesaide, as well leassors, tennaunts
at will, as freeholders, contynewed the occupacion of all their arable lands by partinge by lott as
aforesaide ; and that after the layenge oute of everie wasted corne feilde within the feldes and territories
of Cowpon aforesaide, everie so wasted and layde oute corne felde nowe is and ever was reputed and
used as the quene's common wastes there are, until the same lately layde oute corne feildes or any of
them be by generall consente of neighbours taken in, parted, and converted to arable lande or medowe
again ; as this deponente bothe nowe enjoyethe his parte there, and hath hearde Thomas Baytes,
the quene's surveyor of Northumberland, Gawayne Milbourne, Richard Watson, Thomas Preston,
Cutheberte Redheade, and many other the quene's auntiente tenauntes, as well freeholders as leas-
holders, lately disceassed and some yet lyvinge, affirme they alwayes so had used and enjoyed the same
parted landes tyme out of mynde of man.'

Here is a perfect example of the run-rig system, a method of culti-
vation once common in Scotland and Ireland, but infrequently found on
the English side of the Border." The features to be noted are the absence
of a permanent distinction between arable fields and grass lands ; the
periodic re-allotment of arable strips, probably occurring at regular intervals
of five years ; the ' general consent of neighbours ' authorising and sanc-
tioning the act ; and the application of the principle to freeholds as well
as to customary land.

Such a system was incompatible with colliery enterprise. A shifting
severalty might be cherished as an archaism ; its corollary, a shifting royalty,
became intolerable, as soon as coal mining had advanced beyond the first
stage of working the outcrop ; and it was impossible that capital should be
sunk in mines of which the ownership might at any date be transferred to
others by the chance fall of the lot and the ' general consent of neighbours.' '

' Exchequer Depositions, 41 Eliz. Easter term. No. 19.

-A similar custom prevailed at North Middleton ; Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. xvi. pp. 138-139.
For the most recent discussion of the system, see Slater, The English Peasantry and the Enclosure of
Common Fields, chapter xv.

^ Cases of re-division are so rare that the present instance is probably a unique case of the
coexistence of that system with the working of mines by separate mineral owners. The Crown
attempted to solve the difficulty in Covvpen by claiming all minerals throughout the manor ; but its
claim was resisted by various freeholders, who actually did work the coal that lay under their rigs ; and
the difficulties to which this practice gave rise sufficiently account for the action brought against the
freeholders in 1 599 by the Crown lessees. See above, pp. 226-227.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 325

Peter Delaval's venture in the coal-field did not meet with the success
that he expected from it, and in 1602 he and his brothers retired from the
enterprise, and, at the same time, assigned their lease of the surface to
their kinsman. Sir Robert Delaval of Seaton Delaval, for the sum of ;^36o/
A little later, on April 6th, 1605, the lands of the suppressed monasteries
of Tynemouth and Newminster, comprising nearly the whole of the Crown
property in Cowpen, were granted to Sir Henry Lindley and John Starkey,
Crown trustees," who sold the same, on August 19th of the following year,
to Sir Robert Delaval for £2>7S ^SS-^

The predominant influence of a single large freeholder, anxious to
improve his estate, is antagonistic to communal farming, as a form of
agriculture at once conservative and democratic ; and it is therefore natural
that, soon after the Delavals had secured a permanent interest in half the
township, they should have found means to procure a division of the com-
mon fields and free themselves from the trammels of the run-rig system,
securing, at the same time, a workable royalty. Articles for a general
enclosure were drawn up on November 15th, 1619.

Articles and agreements concluded of the fifteenth dale of November in the seavententh yeare of the
raigne of our soveraigne lord James, etc., betweene Sir Ralph Delavale, knight, Roberte Widdrington,
esquier, Lewes Widdrington, gent., Trestram Fenwick, gent., Martyn Fenwick, gent., John Preston the
yonger, John Preston th'elder, Cuthberte Watson, William Storie, and Roberte Smythe, yeomen, owners
and proprietaries according to theire severall estaites of inheritance or other estaite of and in the towne,
territories and feildes, with th' appurtenances whatsoever, commonlie called Cowpon in the countie of
Northumberland ; the performance whereof the said parties doe agree, covenant, promis, and grant each
to other mutuallie and respectivelie and joyntlie and severallie as foUoweth.

First, where the said towne, village, territories and feildes of Cowpon aforesaid ly open and subject
to waist and spoyle, for the preventing whereof and for the improving and husbanding thereof and the
comodities of the tennants and occupiers of the premises, yt is agreed of by and betweene the said parties
that the same shalbe by some cunning expert and trustie surveyor of landes viewed and surveyed and
measured, and then cast into two partes or divisions, viz. the North feild otherwise called the Dare-well
borne adjoyneing uppon the river of Blythe upon the north side of Cowpon village, and the East feild
theare from the gate at the east end of the towne along the waie called the Prior waie to the salt pans
uppon the said ryver of Blythe called Bu.xhiU pans, into one parte and division, and all the rest or upper
parte of the foresaid territories and feildes to be cast or layde to the other or second division.

That the proprietaries and owners aforesaid, according to theire severall estaites and according to
the proportion rate and quantitie of acres or other probable conjecturall quantitie as he nowe hath in the
said towne territories and feildes, shall have a semblable proportion and allotment out of each of the
said severall two divisions, so that some have not all the best ground and the other the worst, but that

' Thoroton and Croft papers.

'' Patent Roll, No 1672. The property formerly belonging to Brinkburn priory had been alienated
Dy the Crown in 1558, while the lands forfeited by the seventh earl of Northumberland remained
Crown land until 1616.

' Land Revenue Enrolment Books, vol. c.xcviii. p. 248.

326 HORTON CHAPEI.RY.

each have justice and right, having good consideration to the quantitie and also to the qualHtie of the
partes so allotted, and wheare difference shalbe in goodnesse to be supplied in the advantage of
measure of the worser, which is and shalbe refferred to the direction and opinion of the gentlemen
comissioners appoynted for the said parties to whome the said parties to theis presents will agree,
unlesse there be manifest imperfection in the foresaid survey and apportionment.

And for that all thinges cannot be begonne and perfected at once, the said parties are contented
that for the first said two divisions the said parties to theis presentes shall thus be allotted.

First, the said Robert Widdrington, Cuthbert Watson, Martyn Fenwick, Trestram Fenwick, William
Storie, to have the west parte of both the said devisions ; Lewes Widdrington, John Preston the yonger,
John Preston th'elder, Roberte Smyth, to have the midle parte of both the said devisions ; Sir Ralph
Delavale to have the easte parte of both the said devisions.

And theis parties joyntelie shall agree and shall condiscend hereto so that there shalbe three
inclosers generallie of the said towne village territories and feildes, and that everie partie according to
the quantitie of his purpart and portion and for his particuler allotment shall contribute and disburse for
and toward the charges of such inclosure all manner of waies howsoever whereby the intended partition
and devision maie have his effect so farr forth ; and then after such devision of all in three partes, yf
the said parties in every severall third division shall agree to sub-devide and partition . . . that the
like . . . and observacion be used as before, that everie partie within such devision had his parte and
purpart according to the quantitie or nomber of acres due to him, and according to the quantitie of
ground to be allotted, using the same direction as formerly is set forth in all things as before, and
according to the true intent and meaneing hereof

And further that the charge, sallarie and wages of the said surveyor shalbe borne by all the said
parties to theis presents having regard to the quantitie of every man's land or estaite aforesaid in the
premises, so that the equallitie of the contribucion towardes the charge shalbe accordinglie directed.

And lastlie that the said parties shall make, doe and suffer or cause to be made done and suffered
each to other such further act and assurance for the establishing of the premisses and everie particuler
estaite of ech severall partie to theis presents according to the former articles agrements devisions allot-
ments partitions charge and expences and all other thing and things for and touching the premisses as
by theire learned councell . . . and taken at their ratable charge as afforesaid shalbe reasonablie
devised and advised, so that the premisses maie take full effect according to the true intent and
meaneing hereof In witnesse whereof the parties to theis presents respectivelie have hereunto set their
handes and seales. Dated at Horton church the dale and yeare abovesaid.

It is agreed by all the parties to theis presents that there shalbe presentlie interteyned one William
Mathewe of Newcastle, a surveyor, to survey all the landes in Coupon afore mentioned and to allott
and sett forth every man's part according to the purport and quantitie of his frehold, according to the
true intent and meaneing of theis articles. And the said freholders with a generall and free consent
have ellected and chosen Sir Thomas Riddle, knight, Roger Witherington, Marke Errington, and
Thomas Ogle, esquiers, and Oliver Killingworth, gent., to be commissioners to judg of the equallitie of
the said severall partes so devided and allotted, as also to decyde all controversies (if any be) and all
other matters in which ther paines are required. Subscribed by us, etc'

Partition followed on March ist, 1619/20. The contracting parties
ao-reed that the division should not affect the ri2;ht or interest of Robert
Widdrington (one of the freeholders) in the coal mines of Cowpen, but
that Widdrington should have two picks of coal or two hewers' works in
the said coal mines, as he and his ancestors had had, and as had formerly
been decreed to him by the Council of the North ; that the partition should
not debar the contracting parties trom their right and title in any quarry

' Thoroton and Croft papers.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

327

of slate or stone, nor from the use ot any common way within the township
which led to the pans called Bucks-hill pans, to the seaside, or to the
king's highway ; and that all quarries and the several fishings and other
liberties in the river Blyth should remain in common to the parties and
to their heirs. With these reservations the common fields were allotted

in the following manner

Tenant.

Sir Ralph Delaval ...

Lewis Widdrington ...

John Preston the younger
John Preston the elder

Robert Smith'

Robert Widdrinsrton

Cuthbert Watson

Martin Fenwick and Tristram

Fenwick
William Story

A. East Division.

Allotment.

Acreage.
Pastureand Meadow.
Arable.

II acres meadow at the garth-end ; 60 acres arable 594'225
in the East field ; 53 acres arable in Coopwell close ;
iVIalvin's close, containing 66 acres ; Cocklawe, con-
taining 80 acres ; the East close, containing 104
acres ; Long Weedes close, containing 18S acres ;
104 acres arable and meadow in the South moor

7 1 '6

B. Middle Division.
1 1 acres meadow in the East field ; 13 acres arable in
the Chile-lawe behind Lewis Widdrington's house ;
II acres arable in a field called Dollacke adjoining
it ; 19 acres pasture in Malvin's close ; 24 acres in
the Plaine moor adjoining to the Dammes ; 27
acres pasture in the South moor
Inter alia, 23 acres arable in the South moor
Inter alia, 1 1^ acres arable and meadow in the East
field

C. West Division.
175 acres meadow in the North field ; 37 acres arable
in the High crofts ; 55 acres arable in the Mill field ;
54 acres pasture in the Whins
1 1 acres meadow in the North field ; 4 acres arable
in the High crofts ; 4 acres pasture in the Whins
adjoining the High crofts ; 62 acres pasture in the
Whins adjoining Bebside; 24 acres arable in a part
of the Mill field called Gallifiat
5 acres meadow and arable on the east side of the

North field ; 41 acres pasture in the West whins
II acres meadow and arable in the North field ; 25
acres arable in the Mill field ; 69 acres pasture
in the West whins

93-825

ir25

i92'825
93-825

207
145-955

93-825

41-7
93-825

23-125

11-25

2-5
17-5

n-25-

In this way Cowpen came to be divided into separate agricultural
holdings, identical, in most cases, with the farms of the present day.
Their subsequent history has yet to be traced.

' John Smith was rated for this holding in 1663. It is now represented by the Kit-Cat farm.

" The above information is derived from the original deeds of assignment in the possession of the
Thoroton and Croft trustees, the Anderson trustees, and Mr. Henry Sidney.

328 horton chapelry.

Devolution of Properties.

By his will, dated November i8th, 1606, Sir Robert Delaval bequeathed
his Cowpen lands to his fourth son, Edward Delaval of Bebside, for the term
of ninety-nine years.^ On October 12th, 1619, Edward Delaval assigned
his interest to his elder brother, Robert Delaval of Newcastle, for £sSO.^
Robert Delaval resided at Cowpen until his death in 1629. He devised his
lease of Cowpen, and other real estate in Northumberland and Durham, to
his wife, Alice Delaval, with successive remainders in tail to his daughters.^
Meanwhile, Sir Ralph Delaval, son and heir of Robert Delaval, granted
the freehold, by indenture dated February 9th, 1623/4, to his younger son,
Thomas Delaval of Hetton-le-Hole, and to his heirs male/

The hall or mansion house occupied by the Delavals is shown by a plan
of Cowpen, made in 17 19, to have been situated on the north side of the
Blyth and Cowpen road, opposite to the ' Windmill ' inn/ Here Alice
Delaval lived with her daughters, the eldest of whom became the wife of
Robert Mitford of Seghill, and subsequently, as a young widow, married
Edward Grey of Ulgham Grange. Grey, after taking part in the first Civil
War, also came to live at Cowpen. He took the Covenant and compounded
for his lands. ' He feared war,' he said, ' because 'tis like a fair, which draws
chapmen from all parts, who seemingly slight but secretly envy our plenty,
and would come from beer to wine and fruits to meats.' '^ Yet for all this
he joined Sir Marmaduke Langdale in the second war, for which he was
proclaimed traitor, and his lands declared forfeit. ' There is not a man in
the north of England,' Sir Arthur Hazlerigg told the House of Commons,
'who hath done you more mischief than Colonel Grey."'

Margaret Delaval, second surviving daughter of Robert Delaval, was
given in marriage to Sir Francis Bowes of Thornton. The death of her
elder sister Mary, wife of Edward Grey, who died without surviving issue
in February, 1649/50, left her next heir to Cowpen and the other lands
comprised in her father's settlement. These she joined her mother and
sisters in conveying, on March 3rd, 1 650/1, to her husband. On March

' Chancery Inq. p.m. 2nd series, vol. ccccxli. No. 15.

' Thoroton and Croft abstract of title. ^ Raine, Test. Dunelm.

' Marquis of Waterford's MSS. * Thoroton and Croft papers.

° Cox, Magna Britannia, 1724, vol. iii. p. 639.

' Welford, Royalist Compositions, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. Ill, pp. 215-217 ; Bates, Border Holds {Arch.
All. 2nd series, vol. xiv.), p. 400.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 329

24th, 1652/3, Ralph Delaval of Seaton Delaval, Thomas Delaval of
Hetton-le-Hole, and Kalph Grey of Bradford surrendered to Bowes
their reversionary interest in Cowpen/

Under the provisions of a settlement made on September 17th, 1675,
Cowpen and other family estates passed, upon the death of Sir Francis
Bowes, to his eldest son, Francis Bowes, junior, and upon the death of the
latter without male issue, to Robert Bowes the second son. Robert Bowes
died unmarried and intestate in 1734, whereupon his estates devolved upon
his heirs-at-law, Margaret Bowes and Lucy Bowes, surviving daughters
of Francis Bowes, junior, and upon Robert Wanley, son and heir of William
Wanley of Eyford in Gloucestershire by Alice his wife, another of the
daughters of the said Francis Bowes. Robert Wanlev, who assumed the
additional name of Bowes on succeeding to a share of his great-uncle's
property, died in 1738, having devised his third share to his sisters,
Lucy Wanley and Alice Wanley. His aunt, Lucy Bowes, devised her
share to her sister, Margaret Bowes, who thus became possessed of the
remaining two-thirds. Margaret Bowes acquired an additional sixth by
purchase, on November 27th, 1754, from Lucy Wanley and her husband,
John Forbes. She settled her five-sixths by will upon her nephew, George
Wanley-Bowes of Eyford, brother of Robert Wanley-Bowes before
mentioned, and upon his heirs in tail male, with remainder to his sister,
Alice Wanley. On the death of George Wanley-Bowes in 1772, without
male issue, the five-sixths of the Bowes inheritance passed, under the
provisions of the aforesaid will, to Alice Wanley, who was already owner
of a sixth share, and in whom the whole undivided estate consequently
became vested. She died two years later, bequeathing her property to
her nieces, Margaret, Anne, and Elizabeth, the three daughters of George
Wanley-Bowes, to hold as tenants in common. Margaret Wanley-Bowes
died unmarried and intestate, and her share came in undivided moieties
to her two sisters, Anne and Elizabeth, who had in the meantime
taken for their respective husbands, Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Thoroton
and the Rev. Robert Croft. Both ladies left issue, and the property is
at the present day in the hands of trustees acting for the Thoroton and
Croft families.^

' Thoroton and Croft abstract of title. ' Thoroton and Croft deeds.

Vol. IX. 42

.i:)'-

HORTON CHAPELRY.

BOWES AND WANLEY OF THORNTON, CO, DURHAM,
AND OF COWPEN.

Arms ; Ermine, three bows strung in pale sahle, as many torteaux in chief; on an
escutcheon of pretence ermine two bars vert (for Delaval). Dugdale's Visitation
of Durham, 1666.*

SiK Francis BoWESof Thornton, knight (a),
and of Newcastle, merchant adventurer, son
of Henry Bowes of Newcastle (^f) ; admitted
to Gray's Inn, gth June, 1629; sheriff of New-
castle, 1632, and of Northumberland, 1664 ;
died 28th April, 1677, aged 67 ; buried in
Coniscliffe quire (Ji) (c) ; will proved at
York, 26th April, 1678 (i/).

Margaret, daughter and coheir
of Robert Delaval of Cowpen,
third wife (a) ; married at Bed-
lington, 23rd January, 164 1 2
(^) ; died 5th August, 1652,
^gs'i 33 ; buried in Coniscliffe
quire {c).

I, Lucy, daughter = Francis Bowesof Thornton, was = 2, Elizabeth, daughter

of Sir George
Fletcher, knt., of
H utton - in - the -
Forest, Cumber-
land ; married
September, 1675
(c) ; died nth
Oct., 1683, aged
27 years (c).

1 8 years of age in 1666 (a) ; ad-
mitted to Gray's Inn, 2yth Ap-
ril, I 669 ; admitted free of New-
castle Merchant Adventurers'
Company by patrimony, 4th
Aug., 1681 ; sheriff of North-
umberland, 1680; buried nth
September, 1697 (.5) ; adminis-
tration of his personal estate
granted 21st Oct., 1697 (</).

of Edward Harring-
ton, to whom was
granted adminis-
tration of her hus-
band's personal es-
tate (</); she married,
secondly, John Hick-
man; died 31st July,
1732, aged 71 ; M.I.
Bridlington.

I
Robert Bowes, second son of
the marriage, was 17 years
of age in 1666(a) ; admitted
to Gray's Inn, 13th April,
1668; succeeded to Thorn-
ton on his brother's death ;
died unmarried (</) ; buried
4th April, 1734 (li)\ ad-
ministration granted to his
niece, Margaret Bowes, 3rd
May, \^iiid•).

I
Mary (a),
married 5th
Sept., 1672,
Sir Richard
Sandford,
bart., of
Howgill cas-
tle, West-
morland (Ji).

Ml , ,,. I

Francis Bowes, died 17th August, 1684, aged Alice,

4 years (<:)■ ^"'i '

Lucy, baptised nth December, 1676; buried issue

i8th March, 1676/7 (/<), aged 4 months heir;

(c). ■'"fe-

Margaret, daughter and co-heir, baptised 15th
Ja'nuary, 1677/S {b) ; of the parish of St.
George's, Hanover Square, London ; died
13th June, 1758; will dated 25th March,
1755.; proved 20th June, 1758 {d).

dau. = William Wanley of
her Eyford, co. Glou-
cester ; married

first secondly, Anne,
daughter of
Humphrey Fowle
of Rotherfield
(k) ; died 5th
May, 1762 (;■).

I I I
Catherine, twin with Mary, baptised

27th January, l58i/2 (Jn) ; died aged

8 days (c).
Mary, twin with Catherine, baptised

27th January, 1681/2 (//) ; died

before April, 1734 (d).
Lucy, daughter and coheir, born 2 2nd

September, 1683 (c) ; of the parish

of Marylebone ; will dated 9th April,

1734; proved 4th .March, I739,'40 (</).

Robert Wanley, as-
sumed the additional
name of Bowes on
succeeding to a pur-
party of Thornton ;
died 2nd July, 1738
(,4) ; will dated 29th
May, 173;; proved 7th
September, 173S (r/).

George Wanley of Eyford and of :
Thornton, assumed the name of
Bowes ; as younger son of William
Wanley of Eyford, admitted to
Lincoln's Inn, 4th August, 1739 ;
died intestate, 24th February, 1772
(/)i aged 53 ((/) ; buried in Lin-
coln's Inn chapel, 2gth of the
same month.

Anne, daughter of
John Hutton of
Marske (i) ; mar-
ried 17th July,
1754 0'); died
at Cheltenham
rst September,
1781 (J:).

Ill

Lucy, married John Forbes of
Cheltenham (^) ; settlement
upon marriage, 19th December,
1753; died 5./. (rf).

Alice Wanley, of the parish of
Marylebone and of Thornton,
died unmarried 9th December,
1774 (/) ; W'" dated 2Ist July,
1772 (/).

I I

Robert Matthew Margaret Wan- Anne, daughter =
Wanley - Bowes, ley - Bowes, and coheir, mar-
died 19th Oct., daughter and ried nth Febru-
1759; burled at coheir, died un- ary, 1784 (<^) ;
Hanwell, co. married and in- died January,
Middlesex (d). testate, August 1827 (/) ; will

Francis [or Fran- 1814 (/). dated 6th June,

ces] baptised 22nd 1822; proved at

Aug., 1763 ; died York, 1827 (/).

in infancy (</).

(«) Dugdale's Visitation of Durham, 1666.

\l)) Coniscliffe Register.

(rt') Deeds and papers of Thoroton and Croft trustees,

(/} Private Act of Parliament, 24 Geo. HI. and Thoro-
ton and Croft Estate Act, 19 and 20 Vict.

Elizabeth, daughter and = Robert Croft, rec-

Thomas Thoro-
ton, lieutenant-
colonel, Cold-
stream Guards,
died 13th Nov.,
i8i3(/); will
dated 20th
June, 1795
(^/) ; proved at
York,i8i5(/).
(^) Surtees, Durham, vol. iii. p,

Sharpe's MS. additions.
(/;) Gentleman's Magazine, 1738, page 380.

coheir, baptised 1 8th tor of Stillington

April, 1761 {d) ; mar- and prebendary of

ried at Harlsey in York ; died 23rd

Yorkshire, 28th Aug- March, 1831 (/);

ust, 1779 (/) ; died will dated 29th

2nd May, 1841 (/) ; November, 1829 ;

will dated 17th Dec- proved at York,

ember, 1828 ; proved 1 1831 (/).
at York, 1841 (/). ^

383, with Sir Cuthbert

(z) IliiJ. 1762, page 241.

(k) Raine on Marske, Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. v.

pp. 17, 49(a).
(/) Newcastle Courant, nth September, 1779.

* ' Memorandum that Sir John Borough, knight. Garter principall King of Arms, by vertue of a certificate from Sir
George Bowes of Bradley in co. pal. Durham knight, whereby he acknowledged Francis Bowes to be a member of his
family, did, by his instrument bearing date iS May, anno 1639, grant to the said Francis (who is now Sir Francis) and
his descendants power to bear the arms of the said Sir George Bowes, with three torteauxes in chief for a difference, as
is above e.xpres't.' Dugdale's Visitation of Durham, ed. Forster, p. 40.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 33 I

The Thoroton and Croft estate comprises the eastern portion of the
township, and includes Cowpen Quay, Waterloo, Crofton, Cowpen colliery,
and a portion of the hamlet of Newsham. Building enterprise dates from
the year 1784, when powers to grant building leases were obtained by Act
of Parliament. A considerable part of the estate is described as being, up
to that time, sandy, barren, and uncultivated, and of little or no use or
value, while the average value of the improved lands was not more than
twelve shillings an acre.^ Its subsequent urban development is recounted
in the next chapter.

Cowpen windmill, though part of the possessions of the dissolved
priory of Tynemouth, was not included in the grant made to Sir Robert
Delaval, but remained Crown property until February loth, 1636/7, when it
was granted to Francis Braddock and Christopher Kingescote.^ On May
25th following it was purchased by Sir Peter Riddell and Thomas Riddell,
both of Newcastle, trustees for Alice Delaval.^ Originally situated at the
east end of Cowpen village, it appears to have been overthrown about
the year 1598, and to have been re-erected near the western boundary
of the township, south of Bebside furnace.* The mill-acre, which marked
its site, remained in the possession of the Thoroton and Croft families until
1865, when it was purchased by the proprietors of the Cowpen High-house
estate.'

Other mills have at various times existed in the township. A water-
mill erected by Robert Delaval on the south bank of the Blyth formed the
subject of a decree made in the Durham Court of Chancery in 1637. It
stood on ground afterwards occupied by the Bedlington ironworks, near
the existing bridge. In order to obtain a constant supply of water for his
mill, Delaval constructed a dam across the stream, after obtaining leave
from the lessee of Bedlington mill (which stood a little higher up the river
and on the opposite bank) to place the farther end of his dam upon the
north bank. The Bedlington lessee stipulated that he should be allowed
to destroy the dam if he experienced inconvenience from it, and, upon

' 24 Geo. III. cap. xxviii. ' Putciit Roll, No. 2,750.

' Land Revenue Enrolment Books, vol. cciv. p. 254 d.

^ On June 30th, 1598, a warrant was directed to the queen's surveyor, directing him to find some
convenient place on Cowpen moor, near the river, on which John Preston, tenant of Cowpen mill, might
build a water-mill to replace his windmill, the latter having been lately clean overthrown by e.\tremity of
wind and weather. Thoroton and Croft papers.

" Anderson trustees' deeds, previously cited as Purvis and Errington deeds.

332

HORTOM CHAPELRY.

discovering that it set up a backwater and so interfered with the" working
of his own mill, he claimed and obtained fulfilment of the contract.^

An old stob-mill formerly stood at Bucks-hill. It is stated to have
been brought from the Baltic by Captain John Watts in the latter part of
the eighteenth century. It was broken up about the year i860, when the
date 1630 was found to be carved upon the stob.

The stob-mill proving inadequate to supply the wants of the increas-
ing population, a windmill, called Crofton or Cowpen mill, was built in
1799) ^^y Mr. Richard Hodgson of Plessey, then 'undertaker' of Cowpen
colliery,^ in a couple of fields or closes acquired from the Croft family.
Subsequently a steam mill was built on the same site, and the houses
and cottages represented by Ferry Street, Anne Street and Catherine
Street; a wharf and shipbuilding yard^ were also formed. The mills,
having been long unlet, were taken down in 1890.

It has been stated above that Sir John Mitford, in the early years of
the fifteenth century, acquired lands previously owned by the Basset and
Shafto families. This property continued in the possession of the Mitfords
until April 7th, 1558, when Cuthbert Mitford of Mitford, and his brother,
Ralph Mitford, junior, sold it for the sum of £']:\ 13s. 4d. to Thomas
Hedley and Elizabeth his wife.* Under the provisions of the will of
Thomas Hedley it passed to his grandson, Cuthbert Hedley of Morpeth,
who sold one-third of the same, on August 9th, 1569, to William Mavin
of Cowpen, and a tenement or farmhold, on JNIay 2nd, 1571, to Richard
Watson of the same place. The remainder of Hedley's lands, consisting of
two tenements of eight oxgangs each, were sold by him, in June, 1 591, to
Cuthbert Watson of Cowpen and x-Yndrew Story of Berwick-upon-Tweed.^

Andrew Story devised his farm in Cowpen to his wife, with remainder
to his eldest son, William Story of Cowpen and afterwards of Newbiggin.*^
On January 24th, 1623/4, William Story sold to Robert Delaval his field

' Durham Registiai's Orders, Decrees and Reports, bundle 20.

" His commission as captain of the Cowpen CoUiery Pioneers, raised in 1S03, is printed in Pvoc.
Soc. Antiq. Nciccastle, 3rd series, vol. iii. p. 40.

^ The wharf and shipyard were sold by Mr. J. C. Hodgson in 1898 to the Blyth Harbour Commis-
sioners for the sum oi £io,'^oo.

* Notwithstanding this sale, Cuthbert Mitford granted to his bastard son, Robert Mitford, on
September 4th, 1591, all his lands in Cowpen in the occupation of Richard Watson, Robert Redhead,
and Andrew Story. Anderson trustees' deeds.

= Ibid.

'^ Hodgson, Northnmhcrland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 277 (Horton Miscellanea, No. 16).

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

333

HODGSON OF COWPEN.
Hodgson. =

Eliz.iheth Clint of West
Cramlington, married
loth December, 1710
(?■) ; buried i6tli Feb-
ruary, 1723/4 (a).

Thomas Hodgson = MarySwan, mar-
ried 17th iVIay,
1735 (rt); bur.
23rd March,
1733/4 («)■

of Stannington
Bridge, buried
26th IVlarch,
1737 («)•

William Hodgson of
Stannington Bridge,
living "1732 (/;) ;
[buriei 23rd June,
1 74 1 (")]•

Isabel Aydon
of South
Blyth, mar.
27th July,
I7l8(^)-

Eleazer Hodgson
of Stannington
Bridge, buried
2istNlovember,
1732 («).

II I I I I

Ebazer, bap- Isabel, baptised 12th .April, 1715 Qi) ;
tised 6th married .Andrew Naylorof Byker Hill (//).

November Mary, baptised i6th December, 1718 (ii) ;
1712 («). buried 8th February, 1718/g (<r).

Joseph, bap- Mary, baptised I2lh September, 1720 (a);
tised gth married 27th January, 1743/4, Roger

April, 1717 Fawcus of Bedlington (a),

(a). Elizabeth, baptised 6th February, 1723/4

(«) ; married loth June, 1743, John
Embleton of the chapelry of Earsdon (a).

Thomas Hodg- = Alice, daughter of

son of Ples-
sey, baptised
nth Decem-
ber, 1727 (rt);
died 20th
.April, 17S0

Richard Young
of Plessey, bap-
tised 2gth Sep-
tember, 1731
(rt) ; married
20th October,
1750 (a) ; died
i2thApril, 1S21

, I I

Joseph Hodgson of
H.iM. Customs, Lon-
don, baptised 3rd
January, 1730/1 (a).

Eleazer Hodgson of
Sunderland, co. Dur-
ham, baptised 21st
March, 1733/4 («)•

Thomas Hodgson of Plessey, afterwards of Newcastle, baptised= Margaret, daughter of Jonathan Simpson of Horsley-on-
7th July, 1753 (a) ; died at Newcastle, 4th August, 1835 W- I Tyne, died 25th March, 1833, aged 78 (//).

I II I
Thomas, buried 2nd September,

1783 («).
Thomas, baptised iSth October,

1785 (a) ; died l8tO (Z;). ^
Jonathan Simpson, baptised 2nd

March, 1795 («)•
Richard, baptised Sth October,

1797 (") ; 'iied i" West

Indies (^).

I I I I
Margaret, baptised i8th August, 1782 (a) ; married Ralph Sisterson of

Birlley, co. Durham ; died 14th March, 1845 (_/i).
Mary, baptised nth October, 1787 (a); married first, Fenwick, and

secondly, Charles Graham of York ; died 1st November, 1853 (//).
Alice, baptised 13th January, 1790 (a) ; died unmarried, 22nd January,

1837 (/;).
Isabel, baptised i8th May, 1792 (a) ; married George Drew of Louth ; died at

Brighton, 29th April, 1876 (/;). ^

.Anne, only surviving
child of Andrew
Watson of Ples-
sey, born 30th July,
1763 (/;) ; married
30th December,
1783(a) ;died 13th
July, 1822 (<5).

Richard Hodgson = Eleanor Wealans,

of Plessey, bap-
tised! Sth .March,
1756 (a) ; pur-
chased lands in
Cowpen in 1 799 ;
died 26th Octo-
ber, 1830 (A).

died s.fi. 2nd
September 1858,
aged 79 ; buried
at Bedlington

•I I

Joseph, baptised 14th
Sept., 1760 (a).

Joseph Hodgson,
baptised 21st June,
1767 (a) ; died
unmarried in Ja-
maica, May, 1821
(/5).

Catherine, married Ralph Rob-
son of South Blyth ; died 21st
March, 1810, aged 60 (i). 4.

Mary, baptised 19th September,
'773 C") ; married Thomas
Buny of Sompting, Sussex ;
died at Brighton, 6th January,
1846 (/;). si'

Thomas Hodgson of
Cowpen, baptised
l6thM.ay, 1785(3);
died 17th May,
1825 (i).

Richard Hodgson of Cowpen,
baptised 24th March, 1787 (a) ;
died in Tobago in the West
Indies, 24th August, 1830, with-
out surviving issue (^).

Martha Andrew Watson Hodgson of Joseph, bap-
Moor Cowpen, baptised 14th April, tised 20th
{/i). 1789 (a) ; died 14th M.ay, April, 1795
1810 ; buried at Stepney, (a);diedin
^ Middlesex (^). infancy (/4).

Joseph Hodg- =^ Catherine, daughter of
" " Edward Adshead of

Staley, Cheshire,
born 6th March, 1S06
(^) ; married 27th
November, 1826 (c) ;
died 2nd September,
1878 00.

son of Cow- 1

pen

born

24th

Febru-

ary,

1799

(c);

died

5th

June,

1857 OO- 1

Alice, baptised 5th January, 17S6 (a) ; married 27th September, 1804, Edmund

Watts of Malvin Close (c}.
Anne, baptised 30th October, 1790 (a) ; married 19th June, 1 81 7, John Appleby

of Low Buston (c) ; died 23rd .\Lay, 1879 (c) (/).
Catherine Hodgson of Low Buston, baptised 8th November, 1792 (a) ; died

unmarried, I2th November, 1891 (f) (/).
Christiana, born i8th September, 1801 (c) ; married, 1S25, James .Adshead of

Staley (c) ; died 9th July, 1876 ; buried at St. Paul's, Staley.

Jane, d.aughter of John Crawford of = Richard Hodgson of Cow- = Sarah, daughter of John C. Walker

Seaton Delaval and Balkwell, married
20th August, 1 85 1 (g) ; died at Low
Buston, 14th March, 1865 (c) (</),

pen, born 25th Novem-
ber, 1827 (c) ; died gth
December, 1886 (</).

of Newcastle, married at St.
Andrew's, Newcastle, 28th April,
1871 ; died Feb., iSgS, aged 64.

Eight younger
sons.

Five daugh-
ters.

John Crawford Hodgson,
M.A., F.S.A., of Cowpen,
born 2nd April, 1854.

Richard, born
and died in
1864.

(a) Stannington Registers.

(li) Monumental Inscription, Stannington.

I I
Anne.
Catherine, wife of Robert

Younger of Newcastle.

(// ) Monumental Inscription,

Ilorton.
(«•) War/iworth Register.

Richard W. Hodgson of Assini- = Mary
boia, Canada, born 25th April, I Murray.
1877, only child of marriage. "^

(/) Monumental Inscription, Warkworth.

(,<') Earsiton Register.

(/;) Family Bibles and papers.

334

HORTON CHAPELRY.

called the Mill-bank, a little close adjoining upon Ciithbert Watson's
farm, and right of common in a meadow called Darewell-burn ;' and in
1639 he sold the remainder of his farm to Robert Preston of Newcastle,
plumber. In 1701, a second Robert Preston, described as of Newcastle,
master and mariner, conveyed to the Trinity House of Newcastle his
farmhold in Cowpen, then in the occupation of Benedict Errington,^ com-
prising the Mill-nook, Hayston letch, the North field, the North bank, and
two closes in Cowpen town called Preston's lands. These lands were
re-purchased from the Trinity House, on April 7th, 1712, by Cuthbert
Watson IV., great-grandson of the above-mentioned Cuthbert Watson.

The property then bought by Cuthbert Watson may be identified with
the eastern portion of Cowpen High-house farm, the western half being
the original holding of the Watson family, while Preston's lands apparently
denote the closes adjoining upon Cowpen house.

Cuthbert Watson VII., the last male representative of his family, left
two daughters and co-heirs ; Dorothy, wife of Charles Dalston Purvis of
Newcastle and of Earsdon, and Margaret Diana, wife of Captain (afterwards
the Reverend) Ralph Errington,' who inherited undivided moieties of the
estate. Their successors and representatives, John Anderson of Coxlodge
(tenant in right of his wife Dorothy Diana, daughter and heir of Dorothy
Purvis), and Thomas Charles Errington of Westminster in the county of
Middlesex, Canada West, eldest surviving son and heir of Margaret Diana
Errington, made partition of the Watson inheritance on February 15th,
1854. Mr. Anderson took Cowpen High-house farm for his share, and
Cowpen house with the mansion-house lands were allotted to Mr. Errington,
who sold them to Mr. Marlow J. F. Sidney of Cowpen hall. The Cowpen
High-house estate is now held by trustees to uses created by Mr. Anderson's
will, dated March 5th, 1857.*

' Thoroton and Croft abstract of title.

- In 1700 John Robinson of Cowpen High-house, tenant of a house and farm in Cowpen from
Robert Preston, gent., laid an information before the justices of the peace at Quarter Sessions that
Robert Mills of Hedlington, Benedict Errington of Blyth pans, gent., Benedict Errington the younger,
Gilbert Errington, Nicholas Errington, INIark Errington and John Errington, sons of Benedict Errington,
senior, entered into his house at Cowpen and turned him and his children out of possession. Quarter
Sessions Papers, Easter, 1700, No. go.

' Ralph Errington was fifth son of John Errington of Chesters. For an account of him and his
family see Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 191, and pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 416.

' Anderson trustees' deeds.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

335

WATSON OF COWPEN. »

CUTHBERT Watson of Cowpen, piuty lo deeds I2th January, 1588/9 and 23rd June, 1591 (^) ; will
dated 19th May, 161 3 ; proved 27th June, 1G15 (c) ; to be buried in Horton church.

= Barbara named

in her husband's
I will (<■)•

Cuthbert Watson of Cowpen, executor to his father's will (c) ; was party to the deed for the division of the township,
1st March, 1619/20 (f) ; a freeholder in Cowpen in 1628 and 1638.

Cuthbert Watson of Cowpen, to whom his grandfather gave his best mare ; was rated for lands in ^ Elizabeth named in

Cowpen in 1663 ; inventory exhibited, 4th November, 1673 {e) (/) ; will proved, 1675 (/"). I her husband's will (_/).

Cuthbert Watson of Cowpen, named in his
father's will (/) ; voted for lands in Cowpen,
1698 ; party to deed, i6th May, 1704 (c).

Isabella Atkinson,
married 30th Aug.
1664 (a).

Henry Watson, to whom
his father gave half his
goods (/).

I
Elizabeth, unmarried
at the date of her
father's will (/).

Cuthbert Watson of = Jane Preston, married at St. John's,

Cowpen, buried 4th
May, 1731 (a) ; wil'
dated 1731 (/).

, - . , . — — - ~ -• J ,

Newcastle, 22nd July, 1704;
named in her husband's will {/) ;
buried Sth February, 1763 («).

..11
William Watson, baptised

3rd Septembar, 1671 (w).

Mark Watson, baptised iSth

• November, 1673 («).

Elizabeth, baptised 12th Jan.,

1664/5 (rt) ; married

Hunter ; named in her
brother's will (/).

I
Cuthbert Watson of =
Cowpen, baptised
26th April, 1709
(a) ; party to deed,
14th October, 1790
(<) ; buried 25th
February, 1791 (a),
aged 84 (J>).

Margaret, daughter of Ralph
Bates of Newbottle, co.
Durham, articles before
marriage, nth November,
1740 ((•) ; married 7th
January, 1740/1 («) ; died
26th December, 1814, aged
97 W

I I I I
Anne, baptised i6th October, 1705 (a) ; married, 26th November,

1735, Amor Pattison of Newbiggin (a), who was party to

deed, nth November, I740(«').
Isabella, baptised 17th April, 1707 Qi) \ married 23rd March,

1728/9, William Challoner of North Blyth (a).
Elizabeth, bapt. 23rd May, 1713 (a) ; named in her father's will (<>).
Jane, baptised l8th November, 1722 (a); married l6th July,

1745, Joseph Turpin of the parish of Bedlington (a).

Cuthbert Watson of Cowpen, baptised = Diana, daughter of Stephen Watson

28th September, 1742 (a) ; some time
a commander of an East Indiaman ;
was residing at Bedlington, 14th Oct.,
1790 (e) ; "died 3rd May, 1802 (a),
aged 59 years (Ji) ; administration of
his personal estate, 23rd September,
1802 (<?).

of North Seaton ; articles before
marriage, 1st November, 1771 {e') ;
married 5th November, 1 77 1 (a") ;
died 9th October, 1822, aged 75
(Ji) ; administration of her per-
sonal estate, 23rd November,
1822 (<•).

Ralph Watson,
baptised 14th
February, 1744*5
(a) ; living 1st
November, 1771
{/') ; dead before
6th January,
1 79 1 W-

I
William Watson,
baptised 30th

July. 1 747 W;
living 1st No-
vember, 1771
(/) ; dead be.
fore 6th Jan.,
1 79 1 W-

John, baptised
29th March,
1750 (a);
buried 5th
Octobersame
year (a).

I
Mark Watson of South
Blyth, shipbuilder
(f), bapt. 13th Sept.,

1753 C'') ; P-irty 'o
deed, 6th Jan,, 1791
(f) ; settled at Lynn.

Frances Maling
of Whitby,
married at
Bedlington,
May, 1779

Bates Watson, baptised
26th August, 1756
( a) ; lieutenant in
the 93nd Foot ; dead
before 6th January,
1791 (e).

Errington Watson = Elizabeth
of Cowpen, hap- Steel,
tised loth July, married
1760(a); living 7th June,
14th Oct., 1790 1787 {c).

Mary Maling, baptised 23rd June, 17S0 (a).
Margaret, baptised 6th December, 1782 (a).
Frances, baptised l8th March, 1784 (a).
Elizabeth, baptised 14th March, 1786 (i).

I I I I
William, born 14th June, 1787 ; baptised loth June, 1792 (a).
Cuthbert, born 14th December, 1788 ; baptised loth June, 1792 (a).
Elizabeth, died 25th August, 1817, aged 20 years ; buried at All Saints',
Newcastle (M.I.).

Djrothy, daughter and co-heir, born at Dyer's
Court, Aldermanbury, London ; married, as his
second wife, 17th September, 1800, Charles
Dalston Purvis of Newcastle (a) ; articles
before marriage, i6th and 17th September, 1800
(c) ; died 7th December, 1855, aged S3. ^

* Cf. pedigree of Watson of Northumberland

(a) Horton Registers.

(J>) Monumental Inscription, Horton.

(a') Woodhorn Registers.

Margaret Diana, daughter and co-heir, baptised 17th August, 1779 (a) ;
married at St. .Andrew's, Newcastle, 26th October, 1S02, Ralph Erring-
ton, captain first battalion 20th regiment of Foot, afterwards clerk in
orders (son of John Errington of Chesters) ; articles before marriage,
25th and 26th October, 1802 (c) ; she died at Morpeth, 2nd December,
1853, and was buried at Mitford ; will dated l6th March, 1853 (^). ^

in Misc. Gen. et Her., fourth series, vol. ii. pt. viii. December, 1937.

(.<) Deeds and documents with Messrs. Griffith.

(/) Durham Proljate Registry.

(,?) Newcastle Couraiit, 29lh May, I77g.

(;) Earsdon Register.

336

HORTON CHAPELRY.

The lands assigned in 1447 to Roger Widdrlngton upon the partition
of the Vaux inheritance continued to be enjoyed by the owners of Wid-
drington until the year 1574, when the manors of Cowpen and Plessey, and
lands in Shotton and Chibburn, were settled upon Robert Widdrington,
third son of Sir John Widdrington of Widdrington.' In addition to this

Cowpen House.

estate, Robert Widdrington acquired from Cuthbert Hedley of Morpeth and
Robert Redhead of Blyth, on August loth, 1593, a farmhold in Cowpen,
formerly parcel of Mitford's lands." His grandson, Robert Widdrington
of Monkwearmouth, mortgaged his tenement in Cowpen and his land there
called Bucks-hill, on October 9th, 1628, to his brother, John Widdrington

' Feet 0/ Fines, Hilary, 16 Eliz. ' Cowpen deeds in Messrs. Lambton's Bank, North Shields.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 337

of Plessey New-houses.' It is evident that John Widdrington subsequently
acquired complete ownership, for the Cowpen lands were not included
among the properties settled by Robert Widdrington upon his daughter
and heir; and on March 8th, 1642, after his brother's death, John
Widdrington is found effecting an exchange of land in Cowpen with
Cuthbert Watson of that place. ^ He was succeeded by William Wid-
drington of Barnhill, a member of the family of Widdrington of Hauxley,
who was rated for these lands in 1663^ and died in the following year.
William Widdrington appears to have held the Cowpen farm in right
of his wife, Barbara Widdrington, since she continued to enjoy the property
after the death of her first husband, and carried it by a second marriage to
Lionel Fenwick of Blagdon. Their son, William Fenwick of Blagdon,
parted with the farm to Sir John Swinburne of Capheaton, from whom it
was acquired in 1695 for Peter Potts, a Newcastle merchant. In the deeds
of conveyance the farm is described as bounded by lands of Thomas
Toll, William Potts and Francis Bowes on the east, lands of Peter
Potts and Florence Preston on the west, the river Blyth on the north,
and lands of Thomas Toll and the township of Horton on the south.''
It can be identified, from this description, with Kitty Brewster farm, except-
ing some fields that lay between Kitty Brewster lane and Cowpen
High-house farm.

The remaining portion of Kitty Brewster farm represents a holding
settled, with other property, in 1538, by William Bennet of Kenton upon
himself and his wife and upon the survivor of them, with remainder to his
daughters, Isabel Bennet and Margaret Bennet.' Upon the death of
his widow in 1553, the family estates devolved upon his two grandsons,
Gerard Widdrington, son of John Widdrington of Chibburn and Hauxley
by Isabella his wife, and Robert Fenwick, son of John Fenwick by
Margaret his wife.'' Gerard Widdrington died without issue,' and Robert
Fenwick thereby became sole owner. On July 17th, 1609, Robert

' Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds. A pedigree of Widdrington of Plessey is given in Hodgson,
Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. pp. 297-298.

' Anderson trustees' deeds.

' Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. iii. vol. i. p. 252. A pedigree of Widdrington of Hauxley is given in
vol. v. of this series, pp. 304, 305.

' Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds. ^ Feet of Fines, Mich. 29 Hen. VHI.

' Abstract of title-deeds of the Kenton estate ; Arch. Ael. 3rd series, vol. v. p. 103.
' Flower, Visitation of Yorkshire, 1563/4, Harl. Soc. Pub. No. 16, p. 350.

Vol. IX. 43

338

HORTON CHAPELRY,

Fenwick limited the succession to the Kenton lands, as to one moiety,
to his youngest daughter Elizabeth, wife of Martin Fenwick of Butterby,
and as to the other moiety to his third daughter Magdalen, who was
given in marriage in the following year to Tristram Fenwick.' Martin
Fenwick bought from Robert Fenwick of Kenton, son and heir of
Tristram Fenwick, on December 22nd, 1646, the latter's interest in Cowpen
and Heddon-on-the-Wall, parcel of the Bennet inheritance, and on

Cowpen Hall,

October i8th, 1656, joined his wife in granting the Cowpen farm to their
third son, John Fenwick of East Denton.^ By will dated March loth,
1667/8, John Fenwick bequeathed his lands in Cowpen and Dal ton to his
wife, in trust for his younger son, Robert Fenwick.^ Finally, on April
5th, 1687, Robert Fenwick, under the name of Robert Fenwick of Cowpen,
sold his lands in that place to Peter Potts/

Abstract of Kenton title-deeds. The agreement for marriage between Tristram Fenwick and
Magdalen Fenwick is printed in Proc. Soc. Aiitiq. Newcastle^ 2nd series, vol. x. p. 207.

^ Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds. ' Raine, Test. Dunelm. ' Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds.

COWPKN TOWNSHIP.

339

SIDNEY OF COWPEN.

Lawrence Sedpon,* a native of co. Lancaster ; of Balliol College, Oxon. ; matriculated 15th March,
1615/6, aged 18 ; B.A. from Brasenose College, 1619 ; M.A. 1622 ; B.D. 1633 ; D.D. Lambeth, 1672 ;
rector of Worthen, Shropshire (c) ; prebendary of Hereford, 26th August, 1660 (rf) ; buried at Worthen,
2ist September, 1675 (d) ; nuncupative will proved at Ludlow, 24th January, 1675/6 (/).

Anne, daughter of
Richard Blunden
Bishops Castle,
Shropshire (y).

Thomas Seddon, assumed the name of ^ Elizabeth, dau.

Sidney ; of Brasenose College, Oxon.
matriculated 27th May, 1661, aged 16 ;
B.A. 1665 ; Fellow of All Souls and
M.A. 1668; B.D. 1676; D.D. 16S2;
rector of Worthen, 1675 (c) ; prebendary
of Hereford, 8th April, 1675, as Thomas
Seddon alias Sidney ; precentor of
Hereford, l6th March, 1684/5 ('0 \ died
I2th Feb., 1685/6(0'); buried at Wor-
then; will dated nth February, 1685/6;
proved at Hereford (/).

of George
Button Colt
of Colt.hall,
Suffolk (^) ;
marriage li-
cence, loth
June, 1678,
she being 18
years of age
and he 30

CO.

John Seddon, born 25th April, 1646 ; of
Christ Church, Oxon. ; matric. 14th
July, 1665, aged 18 ; B..^. 1669 ; Fellow
of Brasenose, 1670 ; M.A. 1672 ; canon
of Chichester (/) ; reader in Greek to
the University of Oxford ; of White-
chapel, 22nd November, 1667, when he
obtained a licence to marry Anne
Ramey, spinster, of the same place, he
being aged 22 and she about 19 (/) ;
died 20th April, 1679 ; buried in Brase-
nose chapel (y).

I I

Mary, mar-
ried Henry
Blaney, son
of Sir Arthur
Blaney and
grandson of
Lord Blaney
of the peer-
age of Ire-
land {g).

.■\nne, named
in her father's
will (^).

Lawrence Sidney of Danbury, = Mary, daugh-

I I

Essex, afterwards of Bishops
Castle, Shropshire, ' an officer
in the army' ; will dated 13th
October, 1736 (^).

ter of John
Marlow of
London (^).

Thomas Sidney, died rii-ca 1727 s.p. (^).

Henry Sidney, of the Middle Temple (f), barrister-at-law, and of the
parish of St. Bridget, London ; purchased lands in Cowpen, 2nd
May, 1729 (<); will dated 2nd September, 1756; proved at the Pre-
rogative Court, 5th June, 1762 ; to be buried in Temple church (c).

Henry Sid- Lawrence Sidney, born i8th

ney, eldest March, 1 707 (^) ; described in

son, died 1756 as of Little Ormond

unmarried Street, Uueen's Square, Hol-

Cf ). born (ir) ; with his brother

Marlow devisee of his uncle,

Henry Sidney ; party to deed,

24th August, 1762 {/); died

circa 1766; buried at 'Old

Street church ' (^).

Anne, daughter of John
Rochford (J~), married
1st November, 1739
i.S) i party to deed,
24th August, 1762 (e);
in her widowhood
resided at Witham,
Essex ; died in 1802 ;
buried at Old Street
church (/).

Marlow Sidney of Cowpen, born 25th March,
1708 (.f ) ; together with his brother Law-
rence, devisee of his uncle, Henry Sidney
(c) ; voted at the election of knights of
the shire in 1774 ; buried 31st January,
1S04, aged 96 (fl) ; will dated 15th Sep-
tember, 1 791 ; proved at Durham, loth
February, 1804 (e).

John Sidney, died at Cowpen Red-house, un-
married (^) ; buried 4th January, 1 744/5 («)■

Thomas Sidney, =
dead before

= Eliza-
beth

2nd
ber.

Septem-
1756 (<•)•

is)-

Mary, died unmarried (^).

Sarah, married Crow («) (^).

Martha, married John Mangaar of Maiden Lane, Covent Garden (<•), afterwards of Leominster

(/)• . ,

Charlotte, married Warner Kappen of Southampton Street, Covent Garden ; named in the

will of her uncle Henry, and of her brother Marlow (;).

Henry Sidney of Tunbridge Wells, only child (jf), living 15th Sep- :
tember, 1791 (i) ; died before loth August, 1799 (<).

Henrietta, daughter of Guynyard (^).

Marlow Sidney of Hastings (^), only :
son (/), to whom his great-uncle,
Marlow Sidney, gave a legacy (<•).

Louisa Maria, daughter of Z. F. Darby
of London, married at St. George's,
Bloomsbury, 26th April, 1832 (/;).

I I
Elizabeth, married William Beetson (^).
Harriet, married her kinsman, William
Kappen of the Stamp Office (^).

Marlow Sidney of Trinity College, Cambridge, and = Mary, daughter of John Mangaar of

of Cowpen, only son and heir, born 20th January,
1752 (^) ; nephew and heir of Marlow Sidney
of Cowpen (c) ; died 12th July, 1839 (Ji) (e) ;
buried at Old St. Pancras church, London (_/).

Leominster, married her cousin at
Witham circa 1771 (^) ; died 29th
June, 1844, aged 91 Iji) ; buried at the
Roman Catholic chapel, Cowpen.

Mary, born 25ih
May, 1746 00;
married George
Morrisof Spring-
field, Essex (^).

I
Other
issue
died
young

340

HORTON CHAPELRY.

Marlow John Francis Sidney =
of Cowpen, son and heir,
born 3rd December, 1774;
party to deed, 2 1st March,
1840 (c) ; died 25th Feb-
ruary, 1859 (/4) ; buried at
the Roman Catholic chapel
which he had built at Cow-
pen ; will dated 21st Sep-
tember, 1857 ; proved at
Newcastle, 3rd May, 1859
(f) ; s.p.

■■ Christiana, dau.
of Andrew
MacEwan of
London, mar-
ried 6lh Janu-
ary, 1807 C/);
executrix of
her husband's
will ; died 1 5th
January, 1874,
aged go (Ji).

William Henry Mar- :
low Sidney, born
3rd April, 1776
(y) : some time of
Azay - le - Viscompt,
France, afterwards
of Stock ton-on-Tees
(^g) ; died at Cow-
pen, 25th Novem-
ber, 1870 (J)) ; will
dated 24th Febru-
ary, i860 (e).

Anastasia, dau.
of John Stei-
genberger of
London, mar-
ried at St.
George's in
the East, 5th
August, i8o5
(/) ; died
23rd June,
1874, ;iged 87

^, I I I M I I I I

Elizabeth, a nun at Hen-
grave-hall, Essex, and
afterwards at Bruges (^).

Margaret, a nun at Hen-
grave-hall, Essex, and
afterwards at Bruges (^g).

Anastasia Mary Mannock,
married John Woollet of
Woolwich Common (J^.

Six other children died
young ig).

Helen, widow of Edmund South- = Henry Sidney of Cowpen, son and heir,
cote, and daughter of Henry Weir, some time of Stockton-on-Tees; died

captain R.N. ; died in France, 15th August, 1 89 1, aged 83 (i5) ; will

2ist November, 1859, without dated nth August, 1888; proved at

issue of her second marriage. Newcastle, 19th January, 1892.

Frances Elizabeth, daughter of W. H.
Hobkirk, M.D., of Charlotte Town,
Prince of Wales Island ; married at
the Roman Catholic chapel, Cowpen,
2lst July, 1875.

I
Marlow William John
Sidney of Blyth, soli-
citor, born loth .May,
1810 ; died 15th No-
vember, 1886 (J>).

Mary Agnes, daughter
of William Wilson of
Hepple, married 19th
May, 1845 ; died 6th
April, 1863 {b).

I .111

Marlow Sidney of Bl3rth, solicitor, born Three

13th September, 1849 ; died 24th daugh-

December, 1900. -i/ ters.

.1 II II
William Henry Marlow Sidney of Gortmore,

Borrisokane, Tipperary, born 17th October, 1816 ;

died unmarried, 24th January, 1900.
Philip Joseph M. Sidney, born at Azay, 30th May,

1819 ; died unmarried, I2th December, 1899.
Lawrence Sidney of Newcastle, born at Boulogne,

6th April, 1822 ; living 1908. -i/
John Lewis Sidney, born at .\zay, 27th June,

1824 ; died 13th March, 187 1 (h).
Charles, born at Azay, 1828, died 1838.

I I I

Susanna Johan-
na Marlow,
living at Cow-
pen, 1908.

Mary Anne,
died unmar.
2nd August,
1894.

Anastasia, liv-
ing at Cow-
pen, 1908.

I
Henry Sidney of Cowpen, son and = Auguste Adele, daughter of John MacCuUoch of Yongula,
heir, born 21st April, 1879. I South Australia, married 7th December, 1S99.

Adele, born 28th August, 1900.

Philip Sidney, 5th Fusiliers,
born nth March, 1881.

* Laurence Seddon, D.D., rector of Worthen, Salop, ' had been twenty years a member of Brazen-Xose College in
Oxford, whence his great learning and piety recommended him to the very valuable rectory of Worthen in the county
of Salop. There for several years he exerted those endowments with which he was enriched ; and his constant applica-
tion to his studies, assiduous preaching, and regular performance of all other duties of his function, made him very
much esteemed amongst all that knew him. There he continued in great quiet till the breaking out of the Civil Wars;
but then the honesty of his principles made him obnoxious to the prevailing faction, by whom he was dragged out of
his pulpit and sent a prisoner to Shrewsbury, where he continued till the Royal party made a reprisal of one of the
factious preachers for whom he was exchanged. In the mean time, they robbed him of all his personal estate and

ejected him from his ecclesiastical, whence he was forced to fly to London to avoid further persecution ; his wife,

then big with child (a gentlewoman of a good family), being with her children most in[hu]manly dragged out and rudely
affronted. The doctor, in the mean time, takes sanctuary in a poor printer's house in London, w^here he corrected his
press, to purchase a coverture for his head ; and though the rightful owner of a very considerable estate, ecclesiastical
and secular, yet was forced to walk on his feet every Lord's Day about seven miles to officiate in an obscure place for a
mean subsistence. Here the meanness and obscurity of the place gave him some years shelter ; but, at last being

discovered, he is forced to retire into unknown places to seek his bread (He) died Canon Residentiary of

Hereford, if I mistake not.' Walker, Sufferings of the Clergy^ ed. 1714, pt. ii. p. 368.

(a) Horton Registers.

(J>) Monumental Inscriptions, Roman Catholic

chapel, Cowpen.
(c) Foster, Alumni Oxonienses.
{d') Le Neve, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae.
{e) Mr. Henry Sidney's muniments of title.

(/) Ex inf. Mr. H. Farnham Burke, Somerset Herald.
(^) Pedigree in Gentleman's Magazine, 1832, pt. i.

pp. 606-607.
(^) Gentleman's Magazine, 1832, pt. i. p. 460 ; pt. ii.

p. 98.
(Q Marriage Licences, Harl. Soc. Pub. vol. xxiii.

p. 142 ; and vol. -xxiv. p. 142.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 34 1

The tenement now represented by the Red-house farm was once
owned by the Widdringtons of Cheeseburn Grange, a family which
traced its descent and may have derived its title from John Widdrington,
younger brother of Sir Ralph Widdrington of Widdrington/ This farm
was devised by Thomas Widdrington of Ashington, in 1590, subject to the
life-interest of his mother, Eleanor Widdrington of Choppington, to his
servant, Ralph Wallis, for life, with remainder to the testator's bastard son,
Lewis Mautlaine, alias Widdrington.^ It was sold in 1665 by the trustees
of Sir Thomas Widdrington of Cheeseburn Grange, son and heir of Lewis
Widdrington, to Anthony Hedley of Newcastle, whose son, Anthony
Hedley, junior, sold on December 24th, 1686, to Peter Potts.'

Mr. Potts was probably the builder of Cowpen hall, now the family
residence of the Sidneys. The house is described by Warburton {circa
1715) as 'a handsome seat, built with brick, with a square tower in ye
middle and a good garden on ye south.' * He sold the hall and all his
lands in Cowpen, on April 30th, 1725, to Stephen Mitford of the Inner
Temple, for the sum of ;£,5,700. Mitford re-conveyed the estate, on
May 2nd, 1729, to Henry Sidney of the Temple,'^ from whom it has
descended to Mr. Henry Sidney of Cowpen, the present owner.

A tenement and seventy-two acres of land were given in 1498 by
William Ward to Alexander Prestwick.'^ The former is described, in a

' Skeet, History of the Families oj Widdrington, etc., p. 92. See also Hodgson, Northumberland, pt.
ii. vol. ii. p. 542, and St. George's Visitation of London, Harl. See. Pub. No. 17, p. 349.

- Durham Wills and Inventories, vol. ii. (Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 38) p. 220 n.

^ Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds.

* Duke of Northumberland's MSS. Peter Potts of Newcastle, free skinner and glover, was son of
John Potts of Newcastle by ... . Peareth his wife. He voted for a freehold in Cowpen in 171 5, 1721,
and 1723. By his wife Ann, eldest daughter of Robert Fenwick of Newcastle, merchant, he had issue
three sons, Peter, Robert, and John, and three daughters, Dorothy, Jane, and Mary. Ann Potts died
April 3rd, 1719, aged 63, and was buried in St. John's church, Newcastle, where her husband was also
buried [February 2nd, 1732/3]. Warburton's MSS and Mackenzie, History of Ne~d'castle, vol. i. p. 347.
Peter Potts, junior, was admitted to the Hostmen's Company by patrimony, March iSth, 1697/8 (Dendy,
Newcastle Hostmen's Company, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 105, p. 273). His brother, Robert Potts, was
apprenticed, September 20th, 1712, to John Kelly of Newcastle, boothnian ; was admitted free of
the Merchants' Company, SeptemlDer 25th, 1723, and died circa 1737 (Dendy, Newcastle Merchant
Adventurers, vol. ii., Surt. Soc. Pub. No. loi, p. 341).

' Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds. The following advertisement was inserted in the Newcastle Courant,
December 21st, 1723; To be let, a farm of land, lying at Cowpan in the county of Northumberland,
called Coopan-hall farm, containing 400 acres, as also another farm called the Low-houses farm,
adjoining to the same, containing 340 acres of very good meadow, corn and pasture lands, all well
enclosed with good fences and good dwelling-houses, barns, cow-houses and stables upon the premises,
and a good windmill belonging to the same. Are to be let against May-day ne.xt, together or in
several parcels.

" Omnibus banc cartam visuris vel audituris, Willelmus Ward, salutem in Domino sempiternam.
Noveritis me, prefatum Willelmum, dedisse, etc., Ale.xandro Prestwyk illud tenementum meum in villa

342 HORTON CHAPELRY.

conveyance of lands in Horton made by him in tlie following year to Sir
Ralph Harbottle, as William Ward of Bedlington, son and heir of William
Ward of Cowpen.' Prestwick changed his name to Preston, and left de-
scendants who held property in the township down to the year 1765. The
following genealogical notes set out what is known regarding the family :

I. Alexander Prestwick, alias Preston, of Bedlington, sold four salt pans on the north side of the
river Blyth to Robert Watson, March 12th, 1493/4 {Newminster Chavtulary, p. 195) ; purchased lands in
Cowpen from William Ward of Bedlington, November 8th, 1498.

II. John Preston of Cowpen, son and heir (Common Rolls, No. 100, m. 332), took a lease of a
coal mine in Cowpen from Tynemouth prior>', June 28th, 1535 (Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 226).
By his will, dated April 8lh, 1569, he devised part of his lands in Cowpen, two salt pans, and his leases
of Cowpen mill, tithes and colliery, to his son Thomas Preston, and the remainder of his lands and one
salt pan to his son Richard Preston (Messrs. Lambton's deeds).

III. Thomas Preston of Cowpen, son and heir, purchased Thomas Lawson's lands in Cowpen,
April 22nd, 1589; took a new lease of his father's coal mine in Cowpen, July 6th, 1573 {Patent Roll,
No. 1 105); also owned a farmhold in Netherton ; died before February loth, 1591/2. By his wife,
Barbara, he had issue a son and heir, John Preston (E.xchequer Depositions, 39 Eliz. Hilary, No. 11).

IV. John Preston of Cowpen, son and heir, party to suits in the Court of Exchequer in 1596 and
1599- Two persons of this name were parties to the division of the common fields in 1619 and were
entered on the list of freeholders drawn up in 1638 {Arch. Ad. ist series, vol. ii. p. 318).

V. John Preston, son of Thomas Preston of Cowpen, then deceased, was apprenticed, January ist,
1642/3, to Henry Nicholson of Newcastle, boothman ; was set over. May 15th, 1645, to Thomas Todd ;
and was admitted free of the Merchant Adventurers' Company, January 14th, 1652/3 (Dendy, Newcastle
Merchant Adventurers, vol. ii. p. 260). He sold his farm in Cowpen to his wife's brother, John Proctor of
Newcastle, April 30th, 1659 (Messrs. Lambton's deeds), and died before February iSth, 1663/4, when his
widow, Florence Preston, married Bertram Anderson of Newcastle, merchant {St. Nicholas' Registers,
Newcastle).

VI. Robert Preston of Newcastle, plumber, purchased William Story's lands in Cowpen, Novem-
ber i6th, 1639, and settled them, June 27th, 1654, upon his son Robert Preston, plumber (Anderson
deeds) ; married Catherine, daughter of Robert Lawson of Longhurst (Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii.
vol. ii. p. 161). He and a namesake were rated for lands in Cowpen in 1663 {op. cit. pt. iii. vol. i. p. 252).

VII. Robert Preston of Newcastle, master and mariner, son of Robert Preston, plumber, baptised
at St. John's, Newcastle, October 25th, 1659 ; sold his farm in Cowpen to the Trinity House of
Newcastle, August 13th, 1701 (Anderson deeds).

VIII. Edward Preston of Whitburn, county Durham, son of Thomas Preston of Whitburn, baptised
March igth, 1647/8, voted for a freehold in Cowpen in 1698. He married. May 20th, 1678, Anne
Goodchild, by whom he had issue two sons, Ralph Preston of Whitburn, who married and left issue,
and Thomas Preston of South Shields, of whom hereafter. Edward Preston was buried March nth,
1703/4 {Whitburn Registers).

de Cowpun in comitatu Northumbrie situatum inter tenementum Willelmi Smyth ex oriental! parte et
tenementum Thome Tredgold ex parte occidental], ac eciam Ixxij acras terre in campis et terretoriis
ville predicte, etc. In cujus rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee sigillum meum apposui. Hiis
testibus, Edwardo Radclyff, Thoma Tredgold, David Bayle, et aliis. Datum octavo die mensis
Novembris, anno regni regis Henrici septimi post conquestum Anglie xiiij". Messrs. Lambton's deeds.

' Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego, Willelmus Ward de Bedlington, filius et heres Willelmi Ward
nuper de Cowpon, dedi, etc., domino Radulfo Harbotell, militi, omnia ilia terras et tenementa que habeo
seu habui in villa et in territorio de Horton Schereff, etc. Hiis testibus, domino Roberto Calowm,
cappellano de Horton prcdicto, Antonio de la Vail, Roberto de la Vail fratre ejus, Roberto Blakden de
West Harforth, Rolando Johnson, Andrea Pays, Thoma Tredgold de Cowpon, et multis aliis. Datum
apud Horton, quarto die Novembris, anno regni regis Henrici septimi quintodecimo (1499). Waterford
Charters, No. 42.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

343

IX. Thomas Preston of Whitburn and afterwards of South Shields, son of Edward Preston afore-
said, was baptised January 6th, 1689/90 ; married, May 5th, 1738, Margery Jubb {Whitburn Registers);
voted for a freehold in Cowpen, 1715, 1721, 1723, and 1748 ; made his will, December 3rd, 1750, devising
his farmhold in Cowpen and houses in Denton Chare, Newcastle, to his eldest son, Edward Preston
(Cowpen Coal Company's deeds).

X. Edward Preston of West Boldon, son and heir, afterwards of South Shields; born February,
1738/9 ; sold his farm in Cowpen (Malvin's Close) to Edmund Hannay of South Blyth, April 25th, 1765
(Cowpen Coal Company's deeds) ; married. May 9th, 1760, Dorothy Chambers. She was buried
June 2ist, 1793. He was buried January 26th, 1794, leaving issue {Whitburn Registers).

HANNAY OF BLYTH AND COWPEN.

William Hannay, son of David Hannay of the neighbourhood of Kelso (c), left Kelso during the political troubles =
and settled at Bothal (c), where he died at the age of 89 (1:) ; buried 3rd May, 1730 (1^). I

David Han- = Mary Bell of
nayofNorth Well-heads,

Blyth (^), Bothal mar-

in the parish ried 13 th
of Bedling- Oct., 1715,
ton. the day the

Scots en-
tered Mor-
peth (i).

William Hannay, born at Kelso circa 1689 (c) ; =
commander of the ' Adriatic ' in 1734, when he
is described as of Rotherhithe (c) ; succeeded
to Kingsmuir, Fife, under an entail made 23rd
May, 1734, by Anne Hannay of Kingsmuir,
spouse of Captain John Erskine of Dun («'),
and died there without surviving issue,
November, 1743 ; will recorded at Edinburgh,
loth July, 1747 (</).*

: Mary Hathaway, mar-
ried at All Hallows',
Barking, 17th April,
17 1 2 (c) ; died at
Anstruther, Fife,
15th .'\pril, 1777 (</);
will dated 17th Feb-
ruary, 1772, recorded
at Edinburgh (</).

I I
Robert Han-
nay, living

1732 (0-
Dorothy, mar-
ried 24th
Oct., 1720,
Thos. Hunt-
ley of -Mor-
peth (i). nU

David Han-
nay, died
m infancy ;
bur. 17th
Oct., 1723
(i).

Edmund Hannay of = Mary, daughter

of:

South Blyth, pur-
chased Malvin's
Close in Cowpen in
1764(c) ; died 26th
Feb., iSoo, aged 73
(a); will dated 1 2th
June, 1798 (0-

of James Tod-
ridge of South
Blyth, married
nth July, 1751
(«) ; buried 12th
March, 1781 Qi).

John Hannay
New Berne in
Craven County,
North Carolina
(c), died^./. ; will
dated 4th Sep-
tember, 176S (c).

Leah . . . proved
her husband's
will in the
court of Cra-
ven County,
in September,
1768(0-

I I

25th January, 1733 (c~).
Margaret, married George
Huntley of South Bl)th ;
mentioned in the will
of her brother Edmund

I I I M I I

lames Hannay, baptised 3rd May, 1752 (a) ; died in infancy.

(ohn, baptised gth January, 1757 («) ; buried 27th November,

1759 («)■
Edmund, baptised 29th July, 1759 (a); buried 17th August, 1760

John Hannay of South Blyth, baptised 28th December, 1760 (a) ; died

unmarried ; buried 6th May, 1791 (a).
Edmund, baptised 25th April, 1762 (a) ; buried 24th May, 1763

(a).
William Hannay of South Blyth, baptised 19th June, 1763 (a); died

unmarried ; buried gth January, 1791 (a).
Edmund, baptised 8th March, 1771 (a) ; died in infancy.

Mil

Mary, daughter and co-heir, baptised 22nd Decem-
ber, 1754 ('0 ' married i6th May, 1782 (a), as
his second wife, Edward Watts of South Blyth ;
died at Malvin's Close, .'\pril, 1820.

Margaret, daughter and co-heir, baptised 26th
August, 1764 (a); married 22nd March, 1792
(a), Robert Jobling of Newton-hall in Byvvell
St. Peter, and of Newcastle.

Dorothy, baptised 23rd December, 1768 (a) ;
died young.

Elizabeth, baptised 14th September, 1769 (a) ;
died young.

* The estate of Kingsmuir, near Anstruther in Fife, was obtained by Robert Hannay circa 1700 in marriage with the
widow of Colonel Borthwick of that place. He survived his wife, and was succeeded by his sister german and only
next of kin, Anne Hannay, widow of Captain John Erskine of Dun ; the retour being dated 23rd April, 1726, and recorded
14th June, 1729.

Under an entail made 23rd May, 1734, by the said -\nne Hannay, widow of Captain John Erskine, Kingsmuir was
limited to the use of William Hannay of Rotherhithe (who succeeded) and his heirs male, with remainder to Peter Hannay of
Morpeth, Northumberland, 'son of the deceased James Hannay, residenter there,' and his heirs male ; remainder to Wilham
Hannay of Kirkdale, Kirkcudbright ; remainder to the spouse of -Abraham Henderson, merchant in London, sister gerraan of
the said William Hannay of Kirkdale. In the event William Hannay of Rotherhithe died s.p. in November, 1743, seised
of Kingsmuir, and was succeeded by James Hannay, son and heir of Peter Hannay of Morpeth, who was retoured
30th July, 1745, the retour being recorded 20th June, 1747. This James Hannay died seised of Kingsmuir, 22nd July, 1762,
and was succeeded by his nephew, George Hannay, who, 12th January, 1764, was served his heir male of taillie. From
the latter the present family of Hannay of Kingsmuir descend. £x inf. Rev. John -Anderson, Register House.

(a) Earsdon Register.
(J)) Bothal Register.

(rf) Documents recorded at H.M. General Register House, Edinburgh, communi-
cated by the Rev. John Anderson.

344

HORTON CHAPELRY.

WATTS OF COWPEN AND SOUTH BLYTH.

John Watts of Newbiggin, in the parish of Woodhorn, purchased three burgages in Warkworth, 22nd November, = ,
1705. from his son-in-law, Joseph Saint of Morpeth («).

Robert Watts of Newbiggin, party to deed 22nd November, 1705 (c) ;
to whom his father gave his burgages in Warkworth (f) ; living 12th
November, 1732 (<■).

Barbara Gibson of Acklington, married
27th April, 1703 ((5) ; buried loth
June, 1758 (^).

I I
Other
issue
(0-

I I I
Richard Watts, eldest son (c),

named in deed, 1 2th November,

1732 (<•)•
William Watts, second son (^), of

Newbiggin, named in deed, 12th

November, 1732 (c). s^
Joseph Watts, third son (<>),

named in deed, 12th November,

1732 (0-

Robert Watts of South
Blyth, upon whom his
father, by deed dated 12th
November, 1732, settled
his burgages in Warkworth
(.?) ; voted at the election
of knights of the shire in
1748 ; buried 25th Sep-
tember, 1765 (/;).

Mary Wilson of
the parish of All
Saints', Newcastle,
married 12th Sep-
tember, 1732 (c) ;
party to deed, 12th
November, 1732
(<) ; dead before 26th
Nov., 1768 (<?).

I I I

John Watts, youngest son,
named in deed, 12th
November, 1732 («); dead
before 2gth October, 1740,
when his filial portion
was paid to his mother

Other children died young.

John Watts of South Blyth, baptised gth
October, 1733 (c) ; voted for freehold
at Warkworth at the election of knights
of the shire in 1774 > buried at Blyth
chapel, February, 1789 (/) ; will dated
27th May, 1788 ; proved 1791 (c).

Sarah, daughter of George
Cansfield of South Blyth,
married l8th February, 1 759
(y) ; buried at Blyth chapel,
28th .August, 1776 (c), aged
34 (/).

Ml
Robert Watts, baptised loth October,

1738 (0- 4-
William Watts, baptised nth March,

1739/40 (0-

Richard Watts, baptised 25th February,

1741/2 W-

1 I M

John, bapt. 25th April, 1762 (c) ; buried 20th December, 1780 (c) (/).
George, baptised 22nd Apiil, 1764 (c) (/) ; buried 5th September, 1764

(0 (/)•

Robert, baptised l6th October, 1768 (c) (/) ; sold the Warkworth
burgages in 1800 (<•) ; said to have settled in Tobago.

George, baptised i6th May, 1773 (c) (/) ; was lost at sea together with
his wife, s.J>. (y).

Edward, baptised 28th August, 1776 (r) ; was lost at sea, s./i. (/).

I I I I
Mary, baptised loth March, 1766 (c) (/) ;

buried 25th December, 1785 (c) (/).
Hannah, baptised 21st October, 1770 (c)

(y) ; married William Finch of Eton, clerk

in orders ; died a widow at Charlton Kings,

CO. Gloucester, in 1853.
Sarah, baptised 25th September, 1774 (c) (/) ;

buried 1st August, 1790 (<r), aged 16 (/).

Anne, daughter ^ Edward Watts of = Mary, daughter and

of [Robert]
Dobson, mar-
ried 29th Octo-
ber, 1776 (c) ;
buried 21st Jan.
1781 (O.

South Blyth, bap-
tised gth February,
I743/4(<:); died2ist
October, 1800, aged
57 (c) ; will dated
loth October, 1800.

i-heir of Edmund
Hannay of Cow-
pen, married l6th
May, 1782 (0 ;
died 15th April,
1S20, aged 65.

II I I II

Charles, bap- Mary, baptised 15th May, 1 735 (c).

lised 27th Feb- Isabel, baptised 28th September, 1736

ruary, 1745/6 (0-

(c). Mary, baptised 28th September, 1736
Joseph, baptised (1:).

14th April, S.-irah, married Tomkins ; named

1748 (1;). in the will of her brother Edward.

I I I

Robert Watts, baptised loth Janu-
ary, 1780 (<r) ; buried 5th April,

1797 W-

Edward, baptised 21st January, 17S1
(c) ; buried 2nd August, 1781 (c).

Sarah, baptised 23rd December, 1777
(c) ; buried 21st March, 1790 (ir).

I
Edward Watts of
South Blyth,
baptised 25th
March, 1783
(c) ; buried
24th April,
1808 (c).

Edmund Watts of Malvin's = Alice, eldest daughter
Close, Cowpen, baptised of Richard Hodgson

loth October, 1784 (c) ; of Cowpen, married

devisee of his maternal 27th September, 1804

grandfather, Edmund (n) ; died at Malvin's

Hannay; died 2nd Sept., Close, 23rd August,

1825, aged 41 ((/). 1863, aged 77 (rf).

Mary, bap-
tised 24th
Oct., 1785
(c) ; buried
25th Nov.,
1785 (0.

dmunc

Han. =

nay

Watts

of M

ilvin's

bap-

tised

15th

September, |

1805

(«);

died

23rd

May,

1868

(rfj.

: Sarah, youngest
daughter of
Edward Ads-
head of Staley,
Cheshire, mar-
ried 5th Janu-
ary, 1828 ;
died 6th Janu-
ary,i872,aged
63 (</).

I I I

Edward, baptised
1 7th February, 18 1 1
(rt) ; drowned area
1836, unmarried.

Richard, bapt. June
7th, lSi2(ff);diedin
Australia, 1875, s.p.

George, born 30th
August, 1814; died
s.p.

1 I

Thomas Hodgson
Watts, M.D., born
I7ih June, 1816 ; one
of the leading physi-
cians in Manchester,
where he died, 6th
October, 1881, s.p.

Andrew Hodgson
Watts, born 29th
October, 1823. -i.

I I I

Mary Hannaj-, baptised l6th October, 1806
(rt) ; married George Adshead of Staley,
in Cheshire; died 24th September, 1887.

Anne, baptised 27ih September, 1808 (a) ;
married James Wright of South Blyth ;
died at Staley, 22nd September, 1877.

Alice, born 31st March, 1819 ; married at
Warkworth, 17th April, 1845, William
Chator of Newcastle ; died 25th August,
1846.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP.

345

Fanny Ward, daugh-
ter of Fenwirk John
Shadforth of Over
Dinsdale, co. Dur-
ham, married 29th
May, 1856 (<r); died
8th January, 1S78 ;
buried at Chiswick.

Edmund Hannay = Martha,

Watts of Chis
wick, born 21st
Dec, 1S30; sold
Malvin's Close,
1873 ; died 13th
July, igo2 ; bur-
ied at Chiswick.

daughter
of Joseph
Roberts of
Falmouth,
Jamaica,
mar. 4th
Dec, 1882.

Edward Watts, born 1 6th
March, 1833 ; died at
Montreal, l6th July,
1872, unmarried.

Thomas Watts, born
2nd March, 1 837 ;
drowned l6th Novem-
ber, 1871, unmarried.

William Han-
nay Watts
of Galaiz,
died at
Cairo, 23rd
Mar., 1890.

Isabella, dau.
of Gilbert
Ward of
South Blyth,
surgeon,
married 23rd
Jan., . 1873

Five
daugh-
ters.

Edmund Hannay = Frances Lilian,

Watts of New-
port Friars,
Monmouthshire
born gth Feb.,
1857; died 20th
Nov., 1894

daughter of
T. R. J. Price
of Neath, co.
Glamorgan,
married at
Neath, 1889.

I I
Irene Hannay.
Winefred.

I
Edna Hannay.

I I I I
Fenwick Shadforth Watts

of London, born nth

October, 1858.
Arthur Wellesley Watts,

born 15th Jan., i860 ;

died unmarried, 18S1.
Henry Watts of Newport,

born 29th July, 1861 ;

died s.p. 1895.
Edgar, born 30th October,

1S63.

Mill

Frank, born 21st Novem-
ber, 1864.

Alfred Ernest, born 29th
January, 1866; died 1886.

Augustus Norris, born 19th
January, i86g.

Hugh, horn 22nd August,
:S7I.

Hensleigh Harold, born 8th
August, 1874; died 1875.

1 I

Fanny, married at
St. Paul's, Onslow
Square, 2nd Nov.,
1892, as his second
wife, James Williams
of Bryn Glas, New-
port, Monmouth.

Emily, mar. William
Munro, M..'^., some
time incumbent of
All Saints', Newport,
Monmouth.

(rt) Morton Registers.
(^) New/tiggifi Registers,
(c) Earsdon Registers.

((/) Monumental Inscription, Horton.
(i) Title deeds to Warkworth burgages.
(/) Family Bibles, etc

Three distinct properties were held by members of this family, namely,
Malvin's Close, Cowpen Town farm, and a portion of what is now Cowpen
High-house farm. Malvin's Close, purchased by Edmund Hannay in 1765,'
was devised bv him to his daughter Mary, wife of Edward Watts, with
remainder to her second son, Edmund Watts, and was sold in 1873 ^y
Edmund Hannay Watts, grandson of Edmund Watts, to the Cowpen and
North Seaton Coal Company, now represented by the Cowpen Coal
Company.'

Cowpen Town farm, bought in 1664 by John Proctor from his brother-
in-law, John Preston, was mortgaged by the purchaser to Gerrard Gore of
Shillinglee in the county of Susse.x. Ten years later, Gore successfully
sued Proctor's representatives in the Court of E.xchequer for repayment of
the principal.^ Failing to obtain payment, he assigned the mortgaged
premises to Edward Toll of North Shields, to whom Anthony Proctor,
clerk in orders, son and heir of John Proctor, relinquished his claims,
February loth, 1679/80. Thomas Toll, grandson of Edward Toll, devised
his lands in Cowpen to his sister, Ursula Toll, for life, with remainder to
his sisters, Elizabeth, wife of Josias Dockwray, and Mary Toll, and to the

' A biography of Edmund Hannay is given in Welfoid, Ucn of Mark 'twixt Tync and Tu'eed, vol. ii.
pp. 432-435-

'■ Cowpen Coal Company's deeds.

' Exchequer Uills and Answers, Chas. II., No. 41 ; Exchequer Decrees, series iv. Trinity, 27 Chas. II.

Vol. IX.

346

HORTON CHAPELRY.

heirs of the survivor. Mrs. Dockwray, survivor of the three sisters, con-
veyed the Cowpen farm to her son, Thomas Dockwray, afterwards vicar of
Stamfordham. He devised his real estate to his wife, for her lifetime, with
remainder to his sisters, Elizabeth, wife of William Harbottle ; Mary, wife
of Thomas Charlton ; and Martha Dockwray, to hold in undivided thirds.'

' Messrs. Lambton's deeds. For pedigrees of Toll and Dockwray see vol. viii. of this series, p. 269.

CHARLTON OF COWPEN, NEWCASTLE AND GATESHEAD.

Thomas Charlton of Broomley, a copyholder in Acomb, parish of St. John Lee ; ;
will dated 13th June, 1760 (n) ; administration of his estate granted to his widow,
26th November, 1764 (a).

Elizabeth (a) [daughter of

Henderson], died at Broomley,
4th November, 1776 (c).

William Charlton of Newcastle, was ap-
prenticed, 6th August, 1734, '° George
f lenderson of Newcastle, draper ; was set
over, nth November, 1736, to his aunt, Mrs.
Ann Harbottle, widow ; and, 25th May,
1 741, to Robert Fenwick ; admitted free of
the Merchants' Company, gth -August, 1743
(/4) ; buried 22nd December, 1746, at St.
Nicholas', Newcastle.

George Charlton of Gates- =
head, corn merchant,
eldest surviving son
(a) ; succeeded to his
father's copyhold at
.'\comb (a) ; died 4th
December, 1801, aged
79 ; monumental in-
scription, Gateshead (<).

Eleanor, sister of
William Alder of
Horncliffe, second
wife ; married at
Gateshead, 8th July,
1790 (<;) ; died 19th
July, 1805, aged
50 ; buried at St.
Oswald's, Durham.

Michael Charlton
of Broomley
(a) ; living 6th
March, 1765
(«). His widow,
Jane Ward, died
at Broomley,
l6th .April, 1795

Eleanor, only surviving child, living 1850 ; died unmarried.

Thomas Charlton (a) of New- — Mary, daughter and

castle, ' an eminent chemist
and had his shop for many
years on the Sandhill,' was
apprenticed, l6th July, 1742,
to William Bacon of New-
castle, boothman ; admitted
free of the Merchants' Com-
pany, 24th July, 1752 {b) ;
died 6th October, 1759 (c) ;
administration of his personal
estate granted to his widow,
1st November, 1759 (a).

eventually co-heir of
Josias Dockwray of Wol-
viston by Elizabeth his
wife, sister and heir of
Thomas Toll of Cowpen
(r/) ; married at Walls-
end, 26th February, 1756
(c) ; was living at Gates-
head, a widow, when she
made her will, 24th Nov.,
1787 ; will proved 4th
April, 1803 (</).

Cornelius Charlton =
(a) of Gates-
head, corn mer-
chant ; died
' much respected
for his integrity
and friendly dis-
position,' 25th
January, 1781
(0, aged 49 {e) ;
administration
granted to his
widow, roth Feb-
ruary, 1 78 1 {a).

Grace, ' dau.
of Captain
Harrison of
Gateshead,'
married at
Gateshead,
I2th Nov.,

1763 (0 ;

died 25 th
Feb., 18 1 2,
aged 77 (<;).

Joseph Charlton (a)
of the Sandhill,
Newcastle, drug-
gist ; apprenticed,
14th June, 1753,
to his brother,
Thomas Charlton ;
admitted free of the
Merchants' Com-
pany, 22nd Janu-
ary, 1 761 (/5) ; died
nth November,
1776 (c).

I I

Thomas Charlton (a") of the Sandhill,
druggist ; admitted free of the Mer-
chants' Company by patrimony, gth
October, 1778 ((5); died 23rd March,
1784(c) ; made his will the same day
(a) ; administration granted to his
mother, loth April, 1784 (a).

George Charlton (a) of the Sandhill ;
admitted free of the Merchants' Com-
pany by patrimony, 29th November,
1779 C"^) ; named in his mother's will
(J) ; died 5th .April, 1799 (c).

William Charlton (a) of =
Dockwray Square,
North Shields, and of
Cowpen ((/) ; rear-ad-
miral R.N. ; died s.p.
26th Jan., 1S15, aged
55 ; monumental in-
scription, St. Nicholas',
Newcastle ; will dated
25th Sept., 1809; proved
at Doctor's Commons,
nth April, 1815 {d).

: Catherine, dau.
of John David-
son of New-
castle and of
Otterburn, clerk
of the peace
for Northumber-
land ; married
loth November,
1804 ; died 3rd
September 1827,
aged 66.

I I I
William Harrison Charlton, only

son, died l8th Februar)', 1784

(c), aged 13 {e).
Mary Charlton of Gateshead,

spinster (rf) ; died 20th Jul}',

1845, aged 81 (O.
Elizabeth, married at Gateshead,

23rd February, 1789, Robert

Barkas of Newcastle (/).
Ruth,mar.at Gateshead, I5thjune,

1797, Thomas Sanderson of

Hanover Square, Newcastle (f);

died 7th Nov., 1843, aged 77 (<).

(a) Raine, Tt:st. Ehor.

{]>) Dendy, Newcastle Aferchant Adventurers.

((/) Deeds and evidences of Cowpen farm.

if) Monumental Inscriptions, St. Mary's, Gateshead.

COWPEN TOWNSHIP. 347

HAKIiOTTUi OF COWPEN AND NEWCASTLE.

I. William Harbottle of Newcastle, son of William Harbottle of Anick Grange, was apprenticed,
February 2nd, 1708/9, to George Henderson of Newcastle, draper ; was set over, June 6th, 171 1, to John
Kelley ; and was admitted free of the Merchants' Company, March i6th, 1718/9. He was sheriff of
Newcastle in 1730, and died in the following year. By his wife, Ann Harbottle, who survived him, he
had, with other issue, a son, William Harbottle (II.).

II. William Harbottle of Newcastle was admitted free of the Merchants' Company, Newcastle, by
patrimony, October 2nd, 1747. He married, at Wallsend, January Slh, 1754, Elizabeth, daughter and
eventually co-heir of Josias Dockvvray of Wolviston and North Shields. He held the office of sheriff of
New-castle in 1755. On November 8th, 1774, he made his will, which was proved October 6th, 1775 ;
and was buried in the church of St. Nicholas', Newcastle, April 5th, 1775, having left surviving issue a
son, Thomas Harbottle (III.), and two daughters, (i) Ann, who married, March 23rd, 1782, William
Wilson of London, and died at Mile End, London, June 20th, 1794, leaving issue, and (2) Martha who
died unmarried.

III. Thomas Harbottle of Newcastle, and one of the common council of that town, was admitted
free of the Merchants' Company by patrimony, June iSth, 1776. He married at St. John's, Newcastle,
September 2nd, 1777, Ann, daughter of Mark Pattison, late of Newcastle ; and was buried in the church
of St. Nicholas', December 12th, 1790, leaving issue an only child, W'illiam Harbottle of Cowpen, who
died in Paris, unmarried, 12th February, 1S52, and w-as buried at Montmartre.

Based on a pedigree in the Bell Collection, portf. 376 ; Messrs. Lambton's deeds ; wills cited in vol.
iv. of this work at p. 154 ; St. Nicholas' Registers, Newcastle ; Dendy, Newcastle Merchant Adventurers,
and notices in the Newcastle Courant.

Admiral William Charlton, only surviving son and heir of Mary
Charlton, inherited his mother's third of the farm, and became entitled,
under the will of his aunt, Martha Dockwrav,^ to a second third. He
devised his property to his kinsman, William Harbottle, grandson of
William Harbottle and Elizabeth Dockwray. Mr. Harbottle already
owned one-si.xth share, the remaining si.xth having been settled upon his
aunt, Mrs. Ann Wilson. Their representatives, Mr. William Harbottle
Pattison and Mrs. E. H. Howell conveyed the farm in 1874 to Mr. John
Hedley of Blyth. The latter became bankrupt, and his estate was
assigned to Messrs. Lambton, bankers, who sold it to the Standard
Brick Company, the present proprietors.

' Will dated May 22nd, 1790, not 1799, as stated in the Docku-ray pedigree. She died October 4th
1790 [Newcastle Courant).

548 HORTON CHArELRY.

BLYTH.

'Blithe water,' in the words of William Harrison, ' riseth about
Kirke-heaton, and goeth by Belse, Ogle, and (receiving the Port alias
the Brocket that springeth east of St. Oswold's) passeth by Portgate,
Whittington, Fennike-hall, Madfennes, Hawkewell, the Grange, and Dis-
singtons. After it hath taken in the Pont from the east, whose head is
not farre from that of Hartleie streame, and is past Barwic-on-the-hill, it
runneth by Harford, Bedlington, Cowpon, and, at Blithesnuke, into the
deepe ocean.' '

The left bank of the estuary is formed by Cambois links, a long spur
running out to the south-east and continued seaward in a reef of rocks
submerged at high tide. The modern town of Blvth lines the opposite
shore. In recent times the configuration of the right bank has suffered
change, and the eastern portion of the town, to which alone the name of
Blyth properly applies, stands on what was once a little peninsula, severed
from Cowpen and almost cut off from Newsham township, of which it
forms a part, by the slake called Blyth Gote. A vanished sandhill, called
the Stob-hill, commanded the neck or southern end of the peninsula.
Cowpen Quay was then a tidal waste of mud ; and the sea, running in
at high tide to the neighbourhood of Crofton, intervened between Blyth
and Waterloo."

Thus situated, the peninsula formed a position naturally adapted for
defence. Some ancient earthworks once existed upon it. The south-
eastern corner of this so-called camp lies beneath the modern parish
church ; the south-western corner lay in Eldon Street, and a northern ram-
part may have existed on the line of Sussex Street.' There is no means
of determining the date of these earthworks, which were apparently of
an irregular character and may have been sea dykes belonging to a com-
paratively recent period ; and the occurrence of a single coin of Constans,
discovered in excavating one of the dry docks,* cannot be taken to prove
that the site was occupied in Roman times.

' Harrison, Description of Britain, ed. 1586, p. go. - Wallace, History of Blyth, pp. 19-21.

' Ibid. p. 98. The site is marked on an Admiralty chart of Blyth harbour published in 1847.
' Proc. Soc. Aiitiq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. v. pp. 113-114.

Scale of Chains.

CHAINS I 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 11 1 3 1 3 14 1 3 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 20 21 22 23 24 23 26 27 28 29 CHAINS

e^ I — I ) — ^ I— -t I — ' i^a- I — I -1^^^ I — ^ I — II — II — ^ i — I n I I I z3

FL.ITK ri.

C O W PEN
TOWNSHIP

N EWSH A M
TOWNSHIP

HI.YTH TOWNSHIP. 349

The term 'Snook' has been applied both to the promontory on the
north of the river and the tongue of land on the south, but more pro-
perly belongs to the latter. ' Snoc de Bliemue,' or the Snook of Blyth-
mouth, is first mentioned in a partition of Newsham made by Gilbert
Delaval and Adam de Neusum in the year 1208. Under the terms of
this agreement the salt pan of ' Snoc ' and the fishery of Blyth-mouth
were reserved by Delaval and excepted from the partition.' The vSnook
reappears in a deed of settlement dated 13S3, and three years later Blyth-
snook is described as a place in which fishermen used once to dwell,
though it was then waste and unoccupied, in consequence of Scottish
raids.^ Settlers returned in the quieter years that followed, but the place
had not, in 1423, recovered its former size. Articles drawn up in that
year upon the marriage of John Horsley with Elizabeth, daughter and
heir of John Delaval of Newsham, provide that the newly married couple
shall have and enjoy, during the life of John Delaval and that of Margaret
his wife, ' Blythe-snuke, with all maner lands and tenements, as mekill and
as largely as all the tenands sometyme duellynge in Blythesnuke occupyed
and held when it was most fully plenyshed and inhabet.' '

From the reign of Richard II. onwards Blyth-snook is treated, in
deeds of conveyance, as a distinct property, although it continued to be
comprised within the manor of Newsham and to possess common rights
in that township. The capital messuage of Blyth-snook is described, in
an inquisition taken in 1573, as having appendant to it in the common
fields of Newsham twenty acres of arable land, as well as common of
pasture for twenty-four oxen and one-third of the rabbit warren. The
sea fishery, which had from the earliest times been a profitable possession
of the owners of Newsham, and the rocks called Seaton Scar, on the
farther side of the estuary, were likewise reckoned as parcel of this tene-
ment.'' It followed, at times, a different course of descent from the main
estate. Thomas Cramlington of Newsham, in 1550, bequeathed to his
younger son, Lamwell Cramlington, his town of Blyth-snook, with the
lands and pastures belonging to it, his fishings and coble-gates there, and the
north end of his link ' frome Fullage apon the sowthe to Blythesenooke

' Abhrcviat'w Placitonim, Record Com. p. 59, and the document quoted above, p. 205 n.

- Iiuj. p.m. 10 Ric. II. No. 117; Cal. Pat. Rolls, 1385-1389, p. 239; and deed quoted above,
p. 207 n.

■' See above, p. 14S. ' Chancery Inq. p.m. 2nd series, vol. cl.xv. No. 1 38.

350 HORTON CHAPEI.RY.

apon the northe and frome the dyke on the west unto the see apon
the este.'' Lamvvell Cramlington was succeeded by his brother, Lancelot
Cramlington, who resided there while his sister-in-law, Phillis Ogle, occu-
pied the manor house at Newsham.^

During the sixteenth century, Blyth-snook remained purely a fishing
station. Along the fore street of the village, probably on the line of
Northumberland Street, stood a few fishermen's cottages and ' shielings.' ^
The ground in front sloped rapidly down to the river, for the shore,
doubtless, came well within the line of the modern quay wall. A creek
ran up to where the 'Star and Garter' inn now stands,'' and here apparently
was the landing place at which the fishermen took up their cobles, from
which point also a ford, passable at low water, led across the river to
the link-end on the Cambois side. By the close of the century the fish-
ing industrv had become almost e.xtinct. Thomas Cramlington stated in
1601 that Blyth-snook had once been a populous town, but the fishing
had decayed, and the fishermen had died and departed.'* The fisheries
revived to some extent in the next quarter of a century ; in 1626 there
were twelve fishermen in the place, a smaller number, however, than that
furnished by the neighbouring stations of Newbiggin and Hartley."^

Blyth was already famous for its salt, but that manufacture appears
to have been as yet confined to Cambois and the Cowpen shore. New-
minster abbey was possessed of pans on the left bank of the river from
very early times, Robert de Wincester having granted to that monastery,
between the years 1138 and 1 140, his two salt pans and the fishery of Blyth
from Sleekburn-mouth to the sea.' These salt works were probably situ-
ated at the High Pans, opposite to Bucks-hill. By the year 1534 the
number of pans had increased to seven.* They are stated, in the ministers'

' DurJiam ]Vills and Inventories, vol. iii. (Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 112), p. 8.

■ .See above, pp. 212-214. ^ See above, p. 210. ' Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 38.

^ Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries.

° -See vol. viii. of this series, p. 388.

' Ne2t'minstey Chavtulary, Surt. Soc. Pub. No. 66, pp? 53-54. A grant of wayleave through Cambois
to the said salt works is given at p. 56.

"On January 24th, 1533/4, Edward, abbot of Newminster and the convent of that place let to
Sir Philip Dacre, knight, and to Roger Pye, yeoman, for a term of seven years, at ^24 rent, their
' seven salt-pannes at Blythesnoke, with also the wyder granery ther fore kepyng of the salt frome tyme
to tyme as it be mayd, with also ther two coibbekks' belongynge to the same, reservyng all other housyng
unto thamself ; . . . . providid alwais that the said Sir Philippe Dacres, knyght, and Roger shall
reparell and uphold ye sayd pannes in all and every maner of degre as they are deliverid unto them,
and so in the end of ther tcrme leyve them sufficyently reparel'd as well in all maner of yron stouff
as other reparacions of the houses at ther proper costes and charges, at the syght of ony two skylled
persons of the occupation Also the said Sir Philipe and Roger or ther suft'ycient deputes shall

BLYTH TOWNSHIP. 351

accounts taken three years later, after the monastery had been suppressed,
to have been held by the abbev at a yearlv rent of five marks payable
to the bishop of Durham, and to be at that time in the occupation of
Sir Oswald Willesthrop/ Willesthrop shipped part of the produce of his
pans to London.^ A trade in salt was carried on likewise with the fishing
towns on the east coast, notablv Hull and Yarmouth. Corn was also
exported, and was stored, pending shipment, in a granary on Cambois link
belonging to the monastery of Newminster.

Willesthrop assigned his lease of the pans and granary to Richard
Tvrrell, another London merchant, who in turn passed it to Thomas Grey
of Horton.^ Sir Ralph Grey, son of Thomas Gray, granted the premises
to his son-in-law. Sir Ralph Delaval of Seaton Delaval. The pans and the
neighbouring coal mine from which the fuel was derived had by that time
fjillen into decav, and, when the lease expired, in 1590, Delaval removed
the sole intact pan to Hartley, and the site of the old salt works was
finally abandoned.*

delyver frome tyme to tyme fie as moche salt as shalbe spent in the kychyng of Newmynster and other
places within the same house, payng therfore nothyng but callage of the same. And also the said
.Sir Philipc and Roger or deputes shall delyver unto George ?tIathosond, marchand of Hull, within
xx'' days afoyre mydsomer, or xx" dayes after, xx'' weyes of old salt yerely duryng the condicion of
a former indentors mayd unto ye sayd George, and he to pay therfor x" yerely, for every weye x' ;
for the wyche the sayd George Mathosone shall delyver unto the sayd abbot and convent and ther
successors yerely duryng the terme of the former indentures two tonne of Gascone wyne, the pryce
of ether tonne iiij'', and also a c vaxe for vj'' ye pound, pycke and tarre for iij' iiij''. Provydid alway
that it shalbe lefulle unto the said abbot and convent and ther successors to by ther cornez and all
maner of ther provicions for the use and profettes of there howse at the sayd lilythnoke as they have
beyn accustomyd for to do frome tyme to tyme, and for ther pamenttes as they and the marchand can
agre ; or els the sayd Syr Phylipe and Roger or tlieir deputes to latt them have salt for ther marchaunttes
as they and he can agree, and they to liave resonable paymenttes. Provyded alhvay that the sayd
abbott and convent and ther successors may lawfully occupy the sayd pannes unto ther most profett, then
the sayd Syr Philipe and Roger to sese and utterly not to intermedle with the said pannes in ony wyse,
under the payne of a fortury of a hundreth poundes.' Land Revenue Enrolments, vol. clxxiii. fol. 63 b.

' Nexvminstcr Chartnlary , pp. 307-30S.

= The following bill of lading of this period has been preserved among the records of the High
Court of .Admiralty :

This bylle indented made the xxij" daye of October in the xxx'' yere of our sovereigne lorde Kyng
Henry the viij"', wytnessith that I, Robert Man, servaunt to Syr Oswald Wylstrop knyght, hath
delyvered to John Halmdry merchaunt of the Newe Castell, and layd in his shyp called the Thomas
of the Newe Castell, xxvj" weye salt of the measure of Blythe to carye to London to Dyce Kye as
shortly as wynde and wether vvyll sarve after daye above-named, and ther to delyver the sayd salt
to my master, his assigney or lawful attorney. Also the sayd John Halmdry shalbe dyscharged and
his shyp of the sayd salt after that he come to London to Dyce Key within vj lawfull workyng dayes,
and ther to be payde his fraight and condycon for caryeng of the sayd salt, whiche is vj' viij' the weye
for xxvj'' wey takyng yn at the salt-pannes of Blythe the daye above named. Also the master of the
shyp, called Thomas Gybson, shall have a payre of hosse clothe to doo hys dylygence and hast the
sayd voyage towardes London. And in wytnesse of truth and thes premysses above-named to be
ferme and stable, we, the said John Halmdry and Robert Manne hath wrytten our names with our owne
handes the daye above-named before Myghell Bynkes of Yorke and other mor. Select Pleas in the Court
of Admiralty, vol. i. (Selden Society Pub. No. 6), p. 61. ■' Newminster Chartulary, p. 311.

'Exchequer Special Commissions, No. 4,347. In 1635 the 'place where salt-pans were' and the
old pan hills were pronounced by a Bedlington jury to be the property of the bishop of Durham.
Raine, North Durham, p. 364 n.

352

HORTON CHAPELRY.

The decline of the salt trade was doubtless hastened by the ill-advised
policy of granting monopolies to private individuals which prevailed in the
later years of Elizabeth's reign. Among the abuses to which this practice
gave rise, the monopoly of salt, in the words of an Elizabethan parlia-
mentarian, 'walked in the fore-rank." The following petition, addressed
by Sir Robert Delaval to Lord Burleigh, shows how hardly it pressed on
the Blyth works :

To the right honorable the Lord Burleigh, etc.

In his most humble manner sheweth and besecheth your honor your suppliant Robert Delavale
of Seton Delavale in the county of Northumberland, esquire, whereas before the grauntinge of the
priveledge to Sir Thomas Wilkes touchinge the sale of salte in the countyes of York, Lincolne and
Norffolk, your saide suppliant did to his greate charge buye a leasse of her majestie graunte of vij salt
pannes at Blith in the saide coimty of Northumberlande for the rent of xiiij" yerely, thereby byndinge
himself to all reparacions, which standeth him in yerely x'' or more, which rente and reparacions your
saide suppliant was well able to paie and beare by reason of the then fre vent of salte in all places
in Englande ; soe yt is, right honorable, sithens the saide priveledge graunted, your saide suppliant
colde not make sale of his saide salt excepte he wolde lose x' in every way of that yt standeth him in,
which sometymes for want of money he hath bine forced to doe. Yet notvvithstandinge your saide
suppliant hath truly paied his saide rente and borne the reparacions as he ought to doe, which in theis
foure yeres last past hath stood him in iiij'" or more, by reason whereof and other greate damage which
your saide suppliant hath susteyned by kepinge his salt on his handes for lack of sale in that he
colde not save himselfe, he, your saide suppliant, ys damaged so much as he cannot further beare
the same, but is enforced thereby to be an humble suiter to your good lordship for releif. In tender
consideracion whereof, and for that at the last parliament your saide suppliant with others then purposed
to crave releif at ye same courte, but throughe the perswasion of some honorable and worshipful
personage they stayed in procedinge, for that the license, as then was aledged, wolde ende afore
Michelmas nowe last past, hopinge then that the same shoulde not be further renewed, which, as your
suppliant is credibly enformed, ys nowe againe newlie graunted ; and for that, touchinge th' other places
which lie open for vent, your suppliant can doe noe good thereat, for by reason the same ys soe much
frequented with others of her majeste's subjectes and Scotes, which eyther have pannes of their owne
or stande them in little or noe charge, whereby your saide suppliant cannot aforde his salt at so loe a
rate as they doe theirs, consideringe his rent and other needfull charges of reparacions of his salt
pannes ; may yt therefore please your honor of your accustomed goodnes to be a favorable meane
to her most excellent majestie that order maye be spedilie taken whereby your saide suppliant, her
majeste's tennant, may be permitted frely to sell his salte without controlment of the saide priveledge
as he might have don at the makinge of his leasse, or ells, my good lord, if that may not be graunted,
that your good lordship wilbe such a favorable meane that your saide suppliant may be permitted at
the townes of Hull, Selbie, and Gainsborowe, in one of the saide countyes priveledged, to make his
marte as he best may, payinge to the priveledge x" yerely duringe the continewance thereof, or ells
that their may be allowed him, your suppliant, xlvj" viij'' a waye at the same townes, beinge brought
thither at his adventure, or they to fetche yt upon their adventure payinge your suppliant at the ladinge
for every way xxxiij' iiij'' ; by the havinge of one of which, right honorable, which is to as lowe a
reconinge as he may possible beare, your saide suppliant may yet in some resonable sorte continewe
and paie to her majestie her rent, and not only beare the saide great reparacions, but also keepe on
worcke a greate nomber of those poore men which lyve thereupon ; otherwise your suppliant is not able
soe to doe, but runn in further detriment and greate losses, which your saide suppliant humbly desireth
your good lordship to have tender consideration of, and your saide suppliant shall daly pray to God for
your honour's health and prosperity."

' Townshend, Historical Collections, 1682, p. 232.

- Marquis of Waterford's MSS. A similar petition addressed by Robert Delaval to Sir Henry
Gary, lord chamberlain, is dated May 30th, 1592. Ibid.

BLYTH TOWNSHIP. 353

Salt was also made on the Cowpen shore, at Aynewick, opposite to
the Newminster pans, as far back as the reign of Henry II.' The canons
of Brinkburn, to whom Aynewick was granted, had ceased to manufacture
salt before the suppression of their priory. Possibly the works had been
transferred to the prior and convent of Tynemouth, who at that time
owned four pans on the river bank eastward from Bucks-hill. After being
worked for a time by Thomas Bates of Holywell and Gawen Milburn of
Bedlington, the failure of the coal supply upon which they depended for
fuel caused their abandonment, about the year 1589.^

Other salt pans in the same neighbourhood were in the hands of
private persons. Dame Elizabeth Percy leased to Thomas Harbottle of
Horton, in 1 551, her three salt pans on the south side of the water of
Blyth, at Cambois-ford ; Harbottle covenanting to uphold the said pans,
pan houses and other buildings on the leased premises.' The Prestons
owned three other pans at Cambois-ford which they let to salt merchants,^
and the Widdringtons of Plessey had the same number at Bucks-hill. In
each case the proprietor possessed one or more keels or cobles for bringing
coal to the pans. Harbottle's pans, and those which had formerly belonged
to Tynemouth priory, were taken on lease in 1595 by Peter Delaval, but,
although he and his successors laid out capital in repairing and adding to the
number of the pans, their failure to make the coal trade profitable carried
with it the ruin of the allied industry.' Bucks-hill pans appear alone to
have flourished, and Robert Widdrington of Plessey, in leasing his Cow-
pen farm in 1621 to Robert Delaval, excepted his salt pans, and reserved
to himself liberty to build staiths upon that part of his property which
adjoined the river."

A bill of complaint presented by Sir Robert Delaval in 1601 to the
Council of the North contains some further particulars respecting the
Blyth salt trade. He therein claimed to be seised, in right of the Crown,
of a port in the river of Blyth, extending from the sea, past the ancient
fishing village of Blyth-snook, to the town and salt-pans of Blyth, and so
far farther up the stream as ships could pass for general trade. He and
his ancestors had been accustomed to sell in that port to merchants

' See above, p. 314.

- Gibson, Tynemouth, vol. i. p. 226 ; vol. ii. pp. clx-clxii. See also above, pp. 224-225.

' Duke of Northumberland's MSS. ' Messrs. Lambton's Cowpen deeds. ^

" See above, pp. 225-22S. ' Mr. Henry Sidney's deeds.

Vol. IX. 45

354

HORTON CHAPEI.RY.

of Yarmouth the white salt made in their salt pans at Mardle-dene in
Hartley/ They had been used to send the salt by cart along a highway
leading from the pans, along the Newsham links, to Blyth-snook, ' as well
by a way called the Easter way, along the east side of Blyth-snook close,
down by the houses and forestreet of Blyth-snook, and so along the sands
there to the river and haven, as also by a way called the Wester way, by
the west end of the said dike, and so along the west side of the said close,
to the passage or ford leading to the slyke there, and then over the slyke
into the grounds of Cowpen, and from thence down to the river on the west
side of the said slyke.' Notwithstanding this, Lancelot Cramlington of
Blyth-snook and Thomas Cramlington his son had lately taken away the two
beacons that had been set, from time immemorial, on the bar of the haven ;
with the result that trading vessels dared not venture in. They had cast
ditches across the Easter way, debarring Delaval from access to the river ;
and they had further restrained the inhabitants of Hartley, the most part
of whom were fishermen, from digging for bait according to their custom
on the foreshore of Newsham township and below low-water mark there.
To these charges Thomas Cramlington retorted by advancing a claim
to manorial rights on both sides of the river and to the royalties of fishing,
anchorage and wreck. The two beacons, which were merely poles with
brooms at the top, had, he asserted, been always maintained by him and his
ancestors as owners of Blyth-snook ; and beaconage had been paid by all
ships entering the river, namely, fourpence for every English ship and eight-
pence for every foreigner. In cases of refusal to pay these dues, his family
were accustomed to take away the beacons and so hinder the passage of
incoming vessels. The ways through Newsham, which Delaval alleged to

' For the Mardle-dene pans see above, pp. 117-11S. Four years later, when a proposal was made
for the appointment of an official measurer of salt in the northern counties, Delaval wrote to the earl of
Northumberland : 'For many yeares by-paste and still the price of sake hathe beene so verye loae that
theire hathe beene very lytle or no gayne mayd by yt to the owners thereof, so that I have almoste

given over to make any salt I have allwayes for the most part shipped my salte alongst the

coste, and solde yt where I could fynde ye best marquett My measure of salte contaynes 22

gallons in the bowle, which ys 6 gallons above ye statut measure, and I never sold salte to any
marchaunt who hathe not affyrmed so to me that my measure did more then hould cute with any
measure in Ingland ; and I myselff ame sure thereof, for I have had the tryall so in moste places alongst

the coste where I have caryed salte to The poore people that I have dalye woorkinge towardes

the makinge of salt are near 100 persons with there famylye, which are but a verye fewe to the greate
nomber that are in these two countryes [of Northumberland and Durham] only sett on work for that
trade. And if this monopolitye should be graunted, yt wyll and moste cause me give over the makinge
of salte, and these many people sett ydle, who, haveing no skyll in other woorkes, and espetyallye these
cuntryes haveing no other laboure for them, must be forced all to begg, which were moste lamentable.'
Letter of Sir Robert Delaval, May 25th, 1605. Duke of Northumberland's MSS. An account of the
controversy is given in the Victoria County History of Durluun, vol. ii. pp. 295-296.

HI.YTH TOWNSHIP. 355

have been used for conveyance of ordnance, artillery and niunilions from
Tynemouth castle to the town of Berwick, were, according to Cramlington,
bridle-paths for horse and foot-passengers ; and the plaintiff's title to use
them for carts rested upon composition and licence obtained from his kins-
man, Lancelot Cramlington. Besides denying the plaintiff's claims, Cram-
lington commenced a counter-action against him for breach of the peace in
forcibly entering the manor of Newsham with certain wains loaded with salt.'

The depositions taken in this case are unfortunately not extant. An
order made two years later by the President and Council of the North, and
dated October 9th, 1602, accorded to Delaval the use of the ways and
directed the defendants to replace the beacons.'' It does not appear
whether Thomas Cramlington proceeded farther with the case. His pre-
tentions to an admiralty jurisdiction in the port of Blyth can hardly have
been deemed worthy of serious consideration, and were disregarded in 1606,
when the jurisdiction of the Trinity House in Newcastle was extended to
Blyth, and that corporation thereby assumed the charge of maintaining
lights and beacons in Blyth harbour.^

The successive failure of fishing, salt making and coal mining reduced
the Blyth trade to small proportions, and the port is little heard of during
the seventeenth century. It is true that, at the outbreak of the Civil War,
Parliament, 'taking into consideration the number of shipps and quantity
of money that is every yeare imployed from London and other ports and
places of this kingdome for the fetching of coales and salt from Newcastle,
Sunderland, and Blyth,' ordered those ports to be closed until Newcastle
should be recovered out of the hands of the king's party ;^ but the inclusion
of Blyth is to be considered rather as a precautionary measure than as
evidence of an existing trade.

' Delaval MSS. in the possession of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries ; Ai-cli. Ael. 2nd series,
vol. xxiv. pp. 229-231.

- Marquis of Waterford's MSS.

' Brand, History of Newcastle, vol. ii. pp. 326, 696. Cramlington was not the only claimant to royal
prerogatives in the port. As lords of the regality of Bedlingtonshire the bishops of Durham owned
fishings and other royalties in the river of Blyth, from the northern shore to mid-stream; and anchorage,
fixed by ancient custom at fourpence on every ship, was collected by their officers as early as 1346.
Hutchinson, History of Durliam, vol. iii. pp. 417 n and 419. The priors of Tynemouth had wreck of
the sea within the manor of Cowpen. Placita de Quo Warranto, Record Com. p. 593.

' Lords' Journals, vol. v. p. 555. The order is given in Husbands, Collections, vol. i. p. 848, and
reprinted in Richardson, Reprints, vol. i. On February 6th, 1643/4, Blyth-snook was occupied by the
Scots (see vol. viii. of this series, p. 1S6); and on March 21st following the order was rescinded so far as
it related to Blyth and Sunderland. Commons' Journals, vol. iii. pp. 426, 434 ; Lords' Journals, \o\. vi.
p. 480; Husbands, Collections, vol. ii. p. 441. For the state of the local coal trade at this time, see
above, pp. 230-231.

356

HORTON CHAPELRY.

Blyth-snook was as yet accessible only from the south, and, after the
opening of a harbour at Seaton Sluice had diverted the Hartley trade, it
ceased altogether to be used as a place of shipment. Such vessels as used
the harbour loaded higher up the river, at Bucks-hill and Cowpen pool,
as well as at an ancient quay at the link-end called the Bishop's quay.' It
is noticeable that, in the legal proceedings taken in 1601, the name of Blyth,
now monopolised by the town on the south side of the river, was reserved
for the High Pans. Four or five cottages that stood behind the church
in Northumberland Street are stated to have constituted the seventeenth-
century hamlet of Blyth-snook ;^ and tradition is borne out by the earliest

Chart of Blyth Harbour, 1693.

known chart of the harbour, made in 1693, which shows Blyth quay and
Blyth pans (afterwards known as the Bishop's quay and the High Pans),
but does not mark any houses or staiths on the Snook. In the directions
for entering the harbour, appended to the chart, Captain Greenvile Collins
writes :

' Bucks-hill and the Bishop's quay continued to be used as loading places for grain into the second
half of the eighteenth century. 'To be let, a good house and granary cominonly called Bucks-hill,
which lies conveniently for shipping corn near the water side within a small distance of Blyth. Whoever
has a mind to take the said house, let him enquire of Mr. Marlow Sidney at Cowpen Red-house near
Blyth.' NeiecastU Journal. July, 1755. 'To be let, a granary at North Blyth. now in the possession of
Thomas Story. Apply to Roger Shotton, South Blyth.' Ibid. April 19th, 1761. Compare Wallace,
History of Blyth, p. 163. The Bishop's quay was detnolished about the year i860; ibid. p. 145.

■' Ibid. pp. 34-35.

BLYTH TOWNSHU'. 357

Blythe lyeth three miles to the northward of Scaton Skiice. There are two beacons on the sand-
hills to the southward of the entrance into the river, which leads you in between two beacons. And
being between the two first beacons or outward beacons, then steer away close to the second beacon and
leave it on the larboard side, and then run up and anchor before Blyth key, where is sixteen fathom
(sic) water at high water on a spring tyde, and six foot at low water ; but between the beacons going
in there is but two fathom (sic) at low water and sixteen at high water. The rocks which hath a beacon
on it, which you have on the starboard side going in, them rocks show at low water. There are rocks
that lye to the eastward of Blythe, a mile ofif from Blythe, which are above water the last quarter ebb,
and lye north and by east, three miles from Seaton Sluce peer, of which rocks you must have a care at
high water, when you sail alongst shoar. It floweth at Blythe at full and change south east and by
south. The spring tydes rise sixteen foot and the neap seven foot.'

The history of the modern town of Blyth may be said to date from the
formation of the Blyth Coal Company and the construction of the Plessey
wagonway in the last decade of the seventeenth century. By means of
the wagonway the lessees of the Plessey and Hartford coal pits were
enabled to run their coal down to the Snook and to ship it at staiths which
were now for the first time erected on the river shore below the gut. In
J722, the estate was acquired by the Ridleys, who took over the working
of the Plessey and Hartford pits, enlarged the quays, and started manufac-
turing salt upon a considerable scale. ^ From this date Blyth-snook steadily
rose in importance and North Blyth declined. The growth of trade at the
former place has been well summarised by Samuel Richardson, the novelist:

At the distance of a league to the north of Seaton Delaval lies Blith Nook at the mouth of a small
river. Here is a quay and some other conveniencies, though at low water the sea, at the opening of the
creek, may be safely passed on horseback. This, as well as those before described (Cullercoats and
Seaton Sluice), derives its origin from the coal trade, having some advantage from its situation which
brought it first to be regarded and has since preserved it in esteem. We find the name in some of our
old maps ; but, from comparing all circumstances, it seems probable that it was very little considered, or
those works raised, till about the lime of the Restoration. In the space of fifty years from thence, the
vessels loading there were not numerous enough to attract notice. About ten years after or a little more,
they became at least double, though there was no village at the place nor any tolerable town near it. In
1728, it seems to have doubled again, since 207 vessels were that year entered in the custom-house books
as coming from this place, and things have been improving ever since. It is looked upon as a creek to
the port of Newcastle.^

The date at which a custom house was first established at Blyth can-
not be directly ascertained, but customs officers are known to have been
stationed there as early as 1673,^ and it is probable that Blyth, like Culler-

' Greenvile Collins, Gnnt Brittun's Coasting Pilot, pt. ii. pp. 12-13.

- For a full account of the coal trade at this period, see above, pp. 231-233. The local salt trade of
the eighteenth century is described in Wallace, History of Blytli, pp. 147-153. Besides the two salt pans
on the new quay and four at the High Pans taken over in 1722 from William Bowman and Co.,
Messrs. Ridley owned two pans at the Folly, near Crofton, known as the Sluice-bridge pans, and
transferred six pans from Cullercoats to the quay at the foot of the ballast hills in 1726.

' Defoe, Tour through Great Britain, Sth edition, 17SS, vol. iii. pp. 241-242.

' Proc. Soc. A iitiq. Newcastle, 3rd series, vol. iii. p. I 56.

358

HORTON CHAPELRY.

coats and Seaton Sluice, was lirst annexed to the port of Newcastle and
so brought into the customs area in the reign of Charles II.' The customs
books date from the year 1723. They show the trade to have been then,
as now, almost entirely export and to have chiefly consisted of coal and
salt. In addition to these staple industries, considerable quantities of corn
were brought by packhorse to the granaries of North Blyth and shipped
at the Bishop's quay ; wrought iron was conveyed down the river in lighters

Blyth Link-end.

from the ironworks established at Bebside in 1736; cod-fish was caught
and cured bv the few fishermen who lived at the link-end.' These minor
articles of export were, for the most part, shipped to London. The
carrying trade was as yet mainlv in the hands of ship masters hailing from
Lynn, Whitby and Scarborough. As late as 1761 there were only three
vessels belonging to the port.^

' Seaton Sluice was made a member of the port of Newcastle in 1670, as was Cullercoats in 1677.
In l6ro Blyth was still outside the customs area. Brand, Nen'casth; vol. ii. p. 276. It continued to form
part of the port of Newcastle until 1S48, when it was attached to the newly constituted port of Shields.
On June i6th, 1897, Blyth was created a separate customs port.

•Wallace, History 0/ Blyth, pp. 123-124, 163. 'Ibid. pp. So, 164-165.

HLYTH TOWNSIlir.

359

From the time that the Ridleys acquired an interest in Blyth-snook,
the old name of the viUage was abandoned for that of South Blyth, while
Blyth Pans, now the High Pans, came to be known as North Blyth, a
name more frequently applied at the present day to the fishers' houses at
the link-end. The commercial advantages of the place are thus described
in an advertisement dated 1744 :

Blvth Lighthouse.

At Blyth, a good sea-port in Northumberland, good convenience for carrying on any trade, with
liberty to build warehouses, granaries, and other things necessary ; also a new wind-mill, built with
stone and well-accustomed ; a fire-stone quarry for glass-house furnaces ; a draw-kiln for burning lime-
stones ; two large sheds for making pan-tiles and stock-bricks, with a good seam of clay for that purpose ;
also at Link-house, one mile from Blyth, a large new malting, well supplied with water. Enquire at
Link-house aforesaid, or of Matthew Ridley, esq., Newcastle.'

' Ncimcastle Journal, January 7th, 1744. The windmill was probably that which stood at the head
of the slake near Crofton. There were limekilns behind the 'Star and Garter' inn. The brick and tile
works, still known as the .Sheds, were situated on the Tynemouth road, near the Link farm. The
Ridleys also owned, at this time, a brewery, between Blagdon and Sussex Streets. Wallace, Hisioiy 0/
Dlyth, p. 38. ' Adjoining [Burrodon] are quarries of good freestone, which are at present wrought by
Sir M. W. Ridley and Co., principally for the use of their glass-works.' Mackenzie, Northumberland,
ed. iSl I, vol. ii. p. 509.

360 HORTON CHAPELRY.

The next forty years witnessed a marked increase of shipping, fifteen
ships being owned by the port in 1770 and twenty-three in 1789.' While
the coal trade remained stagnant and the export of agricultural produce
dwindled, shipbuilding established itself as a leading industry. Edmund
Hannay had a building yard at the end of the Low quay, and was fol-
lowed by Edward Watts and Mark Watson, whose yards were situated at
the flanker or mouth of the gut, and in the neighbourhood of Cowpen
Square.^ At the same time rope making was carried on by George Mar-
shall, who built as his residence the house in Northumberland Street now
called the Ridley Arms, and by John Clark, afterwards of Bebside.^ The
entrance to the harbour was improved in 1765 by the construction of
the north dyke, precursor of the present east pier, and in 1788 by the
erection of a lighthouse at the south end of Bath Terrace.^

Yet the development of Blyth was slow ; and it was only with the
Thoroton and Croft Estate Act, passed in 1784, that the little village
began to grow into a port of consequence. The formation of the Plessey
wagonway some ninety years previously had first given access to Blyth
from the west ; the Thoroton and Croft Estate Act allowed of the exten-
sion of the town westward, and, by assisting the development of the Cowpen
coalfield, enabled Blyth to become a colliery port of the first rank. Under
its provisions the owners of the Thoroton and Croft estate were empowered
to grant building leases of their lands at Cowpen for three lives, with a
perpetual right of renewal to each lessee.'* Its effects were immediately
seen in the creation of the suburb of Crofton at the head of the slake.
Cowpen colliery was won in 1794. In the following year Cowpen
Quay was built immediately to the west of the flanker, forcing the river
into a narrower and deeper channel and giving an additional length of
river frontage. The flats to the rear of the quay were enclosed and filled
up with ballast, and the building land thus obtained was subsequently con-
nected with South Blyth by a wooden bridge. By the year 18 10 the
space between the quay and the old coast line was sufficiently filled in
for house building to be commenced upon it. In the meantime accom-
modation was provided for the miners working at Cowpen colliery by the
erection of Cowpen Square, near Bucks-hill, and of the Keelmen's Row
which ran along the western side of the present Regent Street.*^

' Wallace, History of Blyth, p. i66. " Ibid. pp. 43-45, 79. ' Ibid. pp. 40-41, 45-46.

* Ibid. p. 143. ' 24 Geo. iii. cap. xxviii. * Wallace, History 0/ Blyth, p. 53.

BLYTH TOWNSHIP.

361

In 1 8 13 the Plessey pits were closed and the use of the old wagon-
way was discontinued. At the same time a new railroad was carried on
a ballast dyke across the flanker from Cowpen South pit to Sir Matthew
Ridley's quav at Blyth. Cowpen Quay had previously been used by the
Cowpen colliery owners as a point of shipment, but was now permanently
abandoned in favour of Blyth.' The latter place was as yet confined to
Northumberland Street, Paradise Row (since styled Bath Terrace) and a
miscellaneous collection of houses in the neighbourhood of Blagdon and

Bl.YTH FROM THE EAST, circa 182O.

Sussex Streets and along the quayside. Soine improvements in this part
of the town were carried out in the year 1815.^ In the following years
Bridge Street and Waterloo Place were built on the Blyth and Cowpen
sides of the gut respectively and were united by a new" bridge thrown
across the gut on the line of the ancient ford.' In this way Blyth became
successfully united with the town that was springing up on the Thoroton
and Croft estate.

' See above, p. 237.
Vol. IX.

■ Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 97.

'Ibid. pp. 21, 53.

^62 HORTON CHAPELRY.

The following are the names of the principal inhabitants of the town
in 1826 as recorded in the poll book for the first parliamentary election
of that year :

Luke Anderson of Blyth ; John Clinton of North Shields ; George Clark esq. of Sheepwash ;
William Darling of Nctlierton ; Thomas Dryden junior of Seaton Sluice ; Henry Debord of Cowpen
Quay ; Thomas Davis of Waterloo ; Thomas Deerham Dobie of Tanfield ; Thomas Dryden of Seaton
Sluice ; Ralph Gregory of Cowpen Quay ; Robert Grey of Blyth ; Thomas Henderson of Bedlington ;
William Harcus of Waterloo; Ralph Hunter of Cowpen ; Richard Hodgson of Bedlington ; Edward
Jobling of Waterloo ; Abraham Jobling of Waterloo ; Thomas William Keenlyside of Newcastle ;
Richard Lough of Waterloo ; George Morrison of Waterloo ; William Milburn of Cowpen Quay ;
George Prior of North Shields ; Richard Ruddock of Waterloo ; George Readhead of Cowpen Quay ;
Thomas Ramsay of Cowpen ; Thomas Spour of Cowpen Quay ; William Turner of Waterloo ; Edward
Town of Blyth ; Edward Watson of Waterloo ; John Walker of Newcastle ; James Wallace of New-
biggin ; William Wilkie of Newbiggin ; John Wallace of Waterloo ; Matthew Wilson of Blyth ; Edward
Wright of Blyth ; James Wilkie of Blyth ; Edmund Watts of Cowpen.

Building proceeded more rapidly on the Cowpen side of the gut than
in Blyth itself, a result to which the Thoroton and Croft Estate Act of 1856
has mainlv contributed.' The Thoroton and Croft trustees were thereby
enabled to make sales and grant building leases of nine hundred and
ninety-nine years ; and the freehold and quasi-freehold tenure thus obtain-
able has been much preferred to the leasehold system which was pursued
until recently in Blyth itself. The suburb of Cowpen Quay has been
extended in recent vears northwards in the direction of Crofton Mills and
westward as far as the disused wagonway leading from Cowpen North
pit. i\round Waterloo Place a considerable suburb, named Waterloo,
has come into being since 1850, and now covers the ground between the
railway line and Crofton and between the gut and Cowpen colliery. In
Blyth the space between Bridge Street and the rope walk has been
built over. During the last twenty-five years the gut has been entirely
filled in, and new streets and buildings are effacing all signs of its former
existence.

Blvth Chapel.

A donative chapel, which served as a chapel of ease to the distant
church or parochial chapel of Earsdon, was erected in 175 1. It was built
by Sir M. W. Ridley, of Blagdon, bart., who provided it with a graveyard
but retained the freehold and appointed the chaplains. Baptisms were
administered and, with the burials, were entered in registers at the chapel
and also in the registers at Earsdon.

' 19 and 20 Vict., private arts, cap. lo.

BLYTH TOWNSHIP.

363

Chaplains ok Minis'ieks.

1751. Joseph Wood, M.A., of University College, Oxon., afterwards vicar of Stannington, uhere he died
September Sth, 1779 (Hodgson, Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii. p. 329).

1760 (circa). John Thompson, M.A., 'one of the best Hebrew scholars in the North of England' {Gentle-
man's Magazine, 1810, pt. i. p. 667) ; died May 3rd, 1810, aged 76 ; M.I. Blyth.

1810. George Rix, formerly of Dulwich.

1814. Robert Greenwood ; also minister of the donative chapel of Lambley (Hodgson, North umherlnnd,
pt. ii. vol. iii. p. 96) ; married Margaret, daughter, and, in her issue, heir of William
Umfreville of Newcastle {cf. Surtees, Durham, vol. ii. p. 396).
1859, aged 82 ; M.I. Blyth.

St. Cuthbert's and Ridlev Arms.

i860. William Greenwell, of University College, Durham; B..A., 1S51 ; M..A.., 1S60. Also vicar of

Horton.
l865. Alfred Theodore Williams.

1872. David Thomas Jones, died at Cardigan, November 29th, 1877, aged 40.
1876. James Wetherell Neil, sometime chaplain of Coldbath prison.

187S. Charles John Naters, of University College, Durham ; afterwards incumbent of North Gosforth.
1882. William Maddison, of University College, Durham; B.A., 1875; M-A-, 1878; vicar of St.
Augustine's, North Shields, 1887-1893 ; afterwards vicar of Gosforth.

364 HORTON CHAPELRY.

A church, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, was built in 1883- 1885 from

designs by Mr. W. H. Hicks, and on November 9th, 1883, the township of

vSouth Blyth and Newsham with the hamlet of Crofton was constituted a

separate parish, the patronage being vested in Sir M. W. Ridley, bart.,

afterwards Viscount Ridley.

Perpetual Curates or Titular Vicars.
1883. William Maddison.
1888. Charles Woodliouse James, of Christ Church, Oxon.; B.A., 1876 ; M.A., 1887 ; afterwards vicar of

Madeley, Newcastle-uiider-Lyme.
1905. H. G. M. C. Hutchins, of St. Mary Hall, Oxon.; B.A., 1889.

The communion plate includes a cup and paten, made by J. Langlands
of Newcastle, and bearing the Newcastle date-letter S, and a flagon en-
graved with the inscription blyth chapel, 1762. A similar inscription
occurs upon the cup and flagon in conjunction with the arms of Ridley

impaling Wliite}

Monumental Inscriptions.

Sacred to the memory of Robert Gray of Blyth, who died June 29th, 1832, aged 63 years. Jane
Wilson Gray, his daughter, died June 28, 1803, aged 9 years. Dorothy, his wife, died August 11, 1849,
aged 79 years. Matthew, son of the above, died February 22, 1851, aged 56 years. Emily Miall, grand-
daughter of the above Matthew Gray, died 5 July, 1856, aged 2 years. Anne Jane, widow of the above
Matthew Gray, died 24 June, 1859, aged 62 years.

Arms : five cinquefoih. Here are interred the remains of Margaret, descended from the ancient

family of Umfreville, who died the 18 of April, MDCCCXXV, aged 55 years The Reverend Robert

Greenwood, minister of this chapel, placed this stone to the beloved memory of his wife Eleanor,

their daughter, died 5 July, 1833, aged 27 years. William, their son, died 31 Dec, 1842, aged 31 years.
John, their son, died 21 August, 1850, aged 45 years. William Barber, son of the above William,
died 3 Aug., 1851, aged 11 years. Robert Greenwood died 30 Dec, 1859, aged 82 years and forty-five
years minister of this church. Robert Umfreville Greenwood, grandson of the above Rev. Robert
Greenwood, aged 24 years, who died in Cuba, West Indies, July 5, 1862. Margaret Umfreville Green-
wood died Dec. 13th, 1871, aged 68 years.

In memory of George Marshall, timber-merchant, who died 9 August, 1774, aged 51 years.
Likewise of Jane his wife, who died 28 Nov"", 1799, aged 79 years. John Marshall, rope-maker, son
of the above George and Jane, died April 10, i8r6, aged 61 years. Mark Marshall of Blyth, shipowner,
son of the above George and Jane Marshall, died 3 July, 1826, aged 66 years. Died on the 24 Dec,
1833, Ann, rehct of the above Mark Marshall, aged 72 years, much esteemed for her many virtues.
Robert, youngest son of Robert Hall, master, R.N., died 5th November, 1836, aged 15 years.

NON-ESTABLISHED ChURCHES.

A congregation of Protestant nonconformists, closely connected with
a sister congregation at Hartley, was in e.xistence in or before 1777.' Its

' For a more detailed account of the church plate see Proc. Soc. Aiiiiq. Newcastle, 2nd series, vol. iii.
pp. 267-268, and Arch. Ael. 2nd series, vol. xxi. p. 29.

- The communion plate is inscribed 'The Dissenting Congregation of Blyth, 1777.' There is a local
tradition, which cannot however be authenticated, that the Blyth and Hartley congregations were
founded by John Lomax, incumbent of Wooler during tlie Commonwealth, and afterwards dissenting
minister at North Shields.

RI.YTH TOWNSHIP. 365

ministers, throughout its history, have been Presbyterians, and it was in
connexion with the Presbyterian Church, although with money largely
raised from Independents in London, that a place of worship named the
Ebenezer chapel was built in Church Street in 1814. In this building
the congregation assembled until 1876, when they built a new church in
Waterloo Road in the adjacent township of Cowpen. The following is
a list of ministers : John Blythe' (also a schoolmaster and minister of
the congregation at Hartley) circa ij'j'i ; Thomas Craig (also a school-
master) circa 1786; Newton Blythe, son of John Blythe, also minister
at Hartley, 1803- 1807 ; he removed to Sunderland, county Durham, and
ultimately to Branton in the parish of Eglingham ; . . . . Whitfield ;
William Robertson, a native of Newcastle, also minister at Hartley,
1 807- 1 845 ;' Alexander Heron (son-in-law of Mr. Robertson) was assistant
minister, 1831-1844; W. O. Johnson, 1845-1851; John Reid, M.A., 1852-
1872; Alexander Ewing, 1873-1884 ; and Peter Peace, M.A., 1885, the
present minister.

A certain number of members of the last mentioned church seceded

in 1820, intending to appoint as their minister the Rev Broadbent,

who had been acting as a temporary assistant of Mr. Robertson. He died
before taking office and the congregation so formed assembled in a room
or rooms until 1828, when they built a chapel at Waterloo. Here they
worshipped until 1864, when the present church was erected in Bridge
Street, Blyth. The following is a list of ministers: Daniel Carmichael,
1829-1860; James Craig, 1861-1887 ; James Westwater, 1891, the present
minister.

On Good Friday and on Easter Monday and Tuesday, 1743, John
Wesley preached to the coal miners at Plessey. A youth named William
Hunter yielded to his influence and subsequently became a local preacher.
He and other converts began a mission at Blyth about 1791, and preached
on Sundays out of doors and before church hours to a congregation which
comprised miners who had been transplanted from Plessey to Cowpen

' The Rev. John Blythe was sometime minister of a nonconformist congregation at Thorneyburn, near
Kirkley. He was of Blyth, when he published, in 1778, An Exposition of tlic Thirty-Nine Articles of the
Church of England, and of Hartley, when he published, in 1792, A Familiar Conference between a Minister
of the Gospel and Two of his Acquaintance, dedicated to Lord Delaval. See Arch. Ael. 3rd series, vol. iii.
pp. 83, 91, 105. He died July 20th, 1810, aged 82. M.I. Ponteland. Two of his sons were Presbyterian
clergymen, namely, the Rev. Newton Blythe, mentioned above, and the Rev. John Blythe, D.D.,
Presbyterian minister at Woolwich. Drysdale, History of Presbyterians in England, 1889, p. 579.

' The Rev. Wilham Robertson died June ist, 1846, aged 83. M.I. Blyth.

366 HORTON CHAPELRY.

about that time. Afterwards services were lield in rooms placed at the
disposal of the preachers until 1804, when a permanent building was
hired. A chapel was built on the ballast hill in 18 15, which served the
needs of the congregation until 1867, when a larger one was built at
Blyth Bridge. The old chapel has since been converted into a church
for the Norwegian sailors who frequent the port.

A body of Methodists of the New Connexion, after worshipping for a
time with the Wesleyans, built for itself, in 18 18, a chapel in Waterloo
called the Zion chapel, where the old Theatre Royal afterwards stood,
and left it in 1866 for their present chapel in Waterloo Road.

The Primitive Methodists first visited Blyth in 1826, but at the outset
failed to meet with success. Ten years later they repeated their efforts and
built a chapel at Covvpen Quay, where they still have a place of worship.

The United Methodist Free Church, formed as the result of a seces-
sion from the Wesleyan communion in 1849, entered upon a chapel in
Turner Street, Waterloo, in i860. Here its members worshipped until
1882, when a new chapel was built in Bowes Street.

An Independent chapel was founded in Stanley Street, Blyth, in 1867,
bv the Rev. Thomas Clifton and others who seceded from the congrega-
tion of New Connexion Methodists at Waterloo. The following have
been its ministers : Thomas Clifton, 1867-1897 ; A. G. E. Gibson, 1898-
1901 ; Richard Lee, B.A., 1902, the present minister.

Before 1837, when the Bedlington Ironworks were enlarged, the
Roman Catholic congregation at Cowpen and Blyth consisted of about a
dozen persons. Mass was said in a room at the Sidney Arms at Cow-
pen, and afterwards in a neighbouring house now called Cowpen Grove.
In 1840 Mr. J. F. Sidney erected the present chapel in Cowpen village.
The following is a list of incumbents: F. L. Deshoques, 1811-1820; J.
Basil Thomas, 1838-1845 ; C. Croft, 1845; J- Wilfrid Burchall, 1845-
1866; Percy Anderson, 1866-1874 ; J. Bernard Murphy, 1 874-1 876 ; T.
Stanislaus Giles, 1876-1877 ; R. Jerome Pearson, 1877-1885 ; W. Lawrence
Farrant, 1 885-1 891 ; J. Oswald Burchall, 1 891-1901, and Joseph Austin
Kershaw, the present incumbent. The church of St. Wilfrid in Waterloo
was opened in 1864. It is served bv priests of the English Benedictine
congregation, and is under the jurisdiction of the abbot of St. Edmund's,
Woolhampton, Berkshire. The following have been its incumbents : Peter

BLYTH TOWNSHIP. 367

Wilfrid Dromgoole, O.S.B., 1862-1(892 ; James Boniface Mackinley, O.S.B.
1892-1905 ; and the Right Rev. T. A. Bamford, O.S.B., 1905, the present
incumbent.^

Modern Blyth.

Local Government. The Local Government Act of 1S58 was adopted
for South Blyth on March 17th, 1863, and for Cowpen on April i8th,
1864. The area of the Cowpen Local District, which was at first about
120 acres, was increased in April, 1868, to 437^ acres, and was further
extended in 1881, under an order of the Local Government Board, to
correspond with that of the civil parish. In 1883 the area of the South
Blyth urban district was similarly extended to correspond with that of the
township of Newsham and South Blvth. The local boards were super-
seded by District Councils under the Local Government Act of 1894. In
November, 1900, the name of the South Blyth Urban District Council was
changed to ' Blyth Urban District Council ' ; and by order of the County
Council, dated February ist, 1906, the two urban districts of Blyth and
Cowpen, each consisting of two wards, were formed into a new urban
district called the Blyth Urban District. In 1868 the two townships were
annexed to the parliamentary borough of Morpeth. -

Education. No public provision was made for education at Blyth
until 1858, when a National school was founded in Wanley Street, Water-
loo, through the exertions of the Rev. William Greenwell, incumbent of
Horton and minister at Blyth. A School Board for the Cowpen and
Blyth united district was formed on February 2nd, 1874, '^'''d subsequently
took over the management of schools erected at Cowpen and Bebside
collieries. Since that date one non-provided and six council schools have
been established in the district. Under the Education Act of 1902 the
Cowpen and Blyth School Board was abolished and its powers were trans-
ferred to the County Council. On January ist, 1908, the Blyth Urban

' For further particulars regarding nonconformity in Blyth, see Wallace, History of Blyth, chapter vii.

- Gas was first introduced into Blyth in 1852, and works were established on the Slake. The Blyth
and Cowpen Gaslight Company, constituted in iSSo, was dissolved and reincorporated, with an extended
capital, under the Blyth and Cowpen Gas Acts of 18S7 and 1904 (50 and 51 \'ict. cap. Ixxxviii. ;
4 Edw. VII. cap. xxix.).

Until 1854 the town depended for its water supply upon a spring at the Far pit, near the eastern
rope walk (Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 235). In that year waterworks were established by Sir
M. W. Ridley at South Newsham. These were purchased from Viscount Ridley in 1896 by the Urban
District Council, which now supplies Blyth with water purchased from the Newcastle Water Company.
Waterloo and Cowpen Quay are supplied from Hepscott and a reservoir at liebside colliery.

A cemetery for the town of Blyth was laid out near the Link-house, and opened in 1861. In 1877 a
second cemetery was opened in the township of Cowpen on land purchased from the Cowpen and North
Seaton Coal Company. The two cemeteries are under the management of distinct burial boards.

368

HORTON CHAPELRY.

Foundation.

Denomination.

Accommodation

1843

Roman Catholic

145

1858

Church of England

323

i860

Council

523

1866

Council

280

1875 ••

Roman Catholic

472

1876

Council

478

1S76

Council

.. 516

1892

Council

662

1895

Council

548

1899

Council

150

1904

Council

800

District Council assumed responsibility for elementary education within this
area. The following table gives particulars regarding the primary schools
at present existing in the district :

Name.
Cowpen, St. Cuthbert's
Cowpen, Horton church
Cowpen, Bebside
Cowpen, Cowpen colliery
Cowpen, St. Wilfrid's ...
Cowpen, Cowpen Quay
Cowpen, Newsham

Blyth, Plessey Road

Cowpen, Forster
Blyth, South Newsham
Cowpen, Crofton

A secondary school, with accommodation for 160 pupils, was erected
in Beaconsfield Street in 1890, the original promoters of the scheme sub-
sequently transferring the property to the Urban District Council under
a trust prepared by the Board of Education.

Institutions. In 18 17 a newsroom and subscription library existed
opposite to the church, at which weekly meetings are reported to have
been held ' for the purpose of discussing philosophical questions.' ' The
literary output of Blyth at this period may be discerned and estimated by
a perusal of the poems of George Marshall^ and of the 'Blyth Monthly
Gleaner,' a local periodical published at Blyth between the years 18 17
and 1819. A mechanics' institute was founded in 1847 and acquired the
site of the ' Phoenix ' inn in Northumberland Street ten years later. These
premises were burnt down in 1880, and were replaced by the present
building in Bridge Street.

The Thomas Knight Memorial Hospital, opened in 1887, was founded
pursuant to the will of Mrs. Knight of Crofton, who left the sum of
£ 6,000 in trust for the maintenance and support of a hospital for the sick
and lame poor of the townships of Newsham and Cowpen. An infectious
diseases hospital near the Old Factory point in Cowpen township was
erected by the Port Sanitary Authority in 1893.

The port is provided with two lifeboats. One, stationed at North
Blyth, was presented by the late Mr. Thomas Carr ; the other, built out
of funds raised in Salford near Manchester, is stationed at South Blyth.
Both boats are under the control of the National Lifeboat Institution.

' Blyth Gleaner, vol. i. p. 7.

■- A biography of Maishall is given in Welford, JSIcn of Mark, vol. iii. pp. 159-160.

BI.YTH TOWNSHIP. 369

Industries. The progress made during tlie last half-century in coal
mining and coal shipping, the principal industries of the place, has already
been described at length. At the commencement of the nineteenth century
shipbuilding was carried on at the Low quay and on the site of the dry
dock ; there were two building yards on the north side of the river at the
link-end; and in 1810 a yard was opened at Cowpen Quay. A more
important enterprise was the construction of a dry dock in 1811 between
the flanker and the High quay by Messrs. Linskill and Co.' The latter were
succeeded by Mr. William Stoveld of Petworth, who carried on business
here for many years. Slipways were also laid down at Cowpen Quay by
Messrs. Bovvnnan and Urummond in 1821, and by Mr. George Robinson
in 1846. With the disappearance of the wooden sailing vessels, for which
Blyth was at one time famous, the number of shipyards decreased, but
there are still building berths at Cowpen Quay at which vessels up to six
thousand tons are built, and ship repairing is carried on to a considerable
extent. The building yards and five graving docks, three at the flanker
and two above Cowpen Quay, are in the hands of the Blyth Shipbuilding
Company, with which the Blyth Dry Dock Company has been amalgamated.

Attempts have been made from time to time to establish other in-
dustries, but none have been permanently successful. The production of
sea salt, which had been so prominent a feature of Blyth trade in the
sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, was abandoned about the year 1810,^
and although Messrs. Nelson and Douglas subsequently commenced business
with two pans on the High quay, they failed to meet with success, and their
works were sold in 1836. Salt was subsequently manufactured, until about
the year 1875, at the Blyth salt pans near the Keel Dock.

A vigorous attempt was made at this time to establish alkali works
in the town. Mr. Thomas Hodgson Leighton, who had the management
of the business, erected his first factory at the Low quay, and afterwards
built the high factory at Cambois point, hence named Old Factory point,
above Bucks-hill. Here the firm made the vitriol which was used in large
quantities for the production of chemicals. The business, however, proved
unprofitable, and was wound up in 1S36. An attempt made at a later
date to make imitation marble chimney pieces out of clay, in buildings
erected for that purpose at the tile sheds on Blyth links, proved equally

' Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 79. ■ Ibid. p. 152.

Vol. IX. 47

370 HORTON CHAPELRY.

unsuccessful.^ Glass bottles were for some time manufactured at Covvpen
Quay, where bottle works were started in 1868. The business terminated
and the works were sold in 1895.

On the decline of the corn and salt trades at North Blytl), efforts
were made to establish a pottery there, but this too failed. Kelp, which
had been made on the Cambois links since the seventeenth century, con-
tinued to be manufactured throughout the earlier part of the nineteenth,
but is now a forgotten industry.^ After the peace of 18 15 an attempt was
made to develop the fishing trade ; brat fishing was started, and a contract
was entered into with a London company for the supply of white fish to
the London market.' The enterprise was not long continued. Herring
fishing was carried on for a considerable time longer. This branch of the
trade is now in process of revival, and in 1908 extensive lish quays were
constructed in the import dock. A few cobles are engaged in salmon
fishing during the summer months.

Harbour. It was not until the year 1852 that the improvement of the
harbour was seriously taken in hand. In that year the Blyth and Tyne
railway system, formed in 1847, was created a public railway under the
Blyth and Tyne Railway Act,* and Blyth became an open port. At the
same time a proposal was adopted for the construction of docks. A com-
panv, with Sir M. W. Ridley for its chairman, was formed for that purpose,
and was incorporated by the Blyth Harbour and Dock Act of 1854.^ The
dredging and deepening of the harbour were forthwith taken in hand ; a pier
was thrown out on the east side of the river mouth and a training jetty on
the west ; and these various improvements had the eifect of increasing the
annual coal shipments from 176,000 tons in 1856 to 338,000 in 1871.

In spite of dredging, the entrance channel was still only four feet
deep at low water. Consequently the introduction of steam shipping and
the increase in size of vessels employed in the coal trade resulted in a
serious decline in shipments between the years 1870 and 1880, the produce
of the neighbouring collieries being diverted to the Tyne. Steps were at
length taken to place the harbour under more efficient management. By
the Blyth Harbour Act of 1882'^ the control of the harbour was vested
in a body of commissioners, who commenced forthwith to increase the
depth of the entrance channel by an additional six feet, carried out an

' Wallace, History of Blyth, p. 164. -' Ibid. p. 163. '' Ibid. p. 124.

' 15 and 16 Vict. cap. cxxii. ^ 17 and 18 Vict. cap. .\cii. " 45 Vict. cap. liv.

liLYTH TOWNSHIP,

371

extension of the eastern pier and threw out a new west pier. The effect
was instantaneous. Coal shipments, which had sunk in 1883 to 151,000
tons, rose two years hiter to 533,000 tons. Since that date further dredg-
ing has taken place, both in the direction of deepening the channel and
in that of increasing the deep-water area ; a south harbour or import dock,
twenty-five acres in extent, has been constructed ; and new staiths have

Bi.vTH Staiths.

been erected by the North Eastern Railway Company, on the south side

of the river in 1884 and 1888, and on the Cambois side in i8g6. The result

has been that the rate of shipment has risen to four million tons a year.

So coal-laden the Blyth falls, as Harrison phrased it, 'into the deep

ocean. Quin aufer hinc tecum pelagus in turbidum,

Longe aufer, has ciiias, precor ;
Et rite pergas sospitare flumine
Circumfluo nostram donium.'

' Dean Ogle's ode to the Blyth, from which these lines are quoted, was composed in 1763, and is
printed with a verse translation in Bowles, Poems, ed. 1803, vol. ii. pp. .25-28. An independent rendering
mto English verse is given by the Rev. John Hodgson in his History of Northumberland, pt. ii. vol. ii.
p. 309.

372 APPENDICES.

APPENDIX I.

Grant of Lands in Burkadon.

Sciant omnes tam presentes quam futuri quod ego, Walterus de Burudun, dedi et concessi et hac
mea present! carta confirmavi Ricardo nepoti meo ad promocionem suam dimidiam carucatam terra in
villa de Burtun quam Willelmus filius Gunnilt et Adam filius de Mervvin tenuerunt de me, et reddiderunt
mihi per annum duas marcas pro omnibus serviciis. Quare volo et concedo quod predictus Ricardus
habeat et teneat predictam terram de me et heredibus meis, reddendo annuatim in vita sua mihi et
heredibus meis unam librani piperis. Et si predictus Ricardus vitam suam mutaverit vel religion! se
reddiderunt, predicta terra remanebit solute et quiete mihi et heredibus meis. Hiis testibus, Willelmo
de Conihers, Henrico filio ejus, Walranno de Crammavile, Adam de Gesemue, Petro de Trehantun,
Rogero de Wideslade, Ricardo fratre ejus, Adam de Neusum, et aliis. Durli. Treas. i""" i"'*'' Fine. No.
1 8, late Misc. Chart. No. 333. Date, early thirteenth century.

The names of witnesses, which may be compared with those appended to the two deeds of Henry
fitz Ralph of Stickley, printed on page 253, note 3, prove the above deed to refer to Burradon in Earsdon
chapelry.

APPENDIX II.

Orde's Lands in Burradon.

Additional information regarding the acquisition of the Orde lands in Burradon by Oliver Ogle is
furnished by two sets of proceedings in the Court of Chancery {Ch.uicevy Proceedings, 2nd series, bundle
283, No. 85 ; bundle 411, No. 17).

According to a bill filed in Chancery, January 31st, 1598/9, by John Orde of Newcastle, the convey-
ance made m 154S to Bertram Anderson by George Orde of Newbiggin was in trust for the said George
Orde for life ; with remainder to his son, John Orde, for life ; with successive remainders in tail male to
Robert Orde, son of John Orde, Francis Orde, George Orde the younger, Henry Orde the elder, and
Christopher Orde. The petitioner claimed the entailed estates as son and heir of Christopher Orde.

Oliver Ogle, one of the defendants in this suit, made answer that Henry ,A.nderson, son and heir of
Bertram .Anderson, re-conveyed the Burradon lands in 1559 to John Orde, son of George Orde, and that
John Orde subsequently conveyed the tower and a moiety of the manor of Burradon to the defendant.
Later proceedings show that the conveyance to Ogle took the form of a mortgage for eighty pounds ;
and that, by deed dated June ist, 1569, it was agreed that Ogle should hold the premises for thirty-two
years only from the date of payment, as tenant and farmer to the mortgager, the term of the mortgage
being fourteen years.

John Orde, the mortgager, had an only son, Robert Orde, who died without issue. Upon his death,
in spite of the alleged entail of 1548, partition of the family estates was made between John Orde's
co-heirs, namely, John Orde of Horncliffe, Anne, wife of Henry Naunton of Durham, and Thomas Orde
of West Orde (son of Henry Orde of Horncliffe by Isabel, daughter of John Orde). In 1620 Thomas
Orde tendered payment of the principal to Lancelot Ogle, son and heir of Oliver Ogle ; and, when the
latter refused to accept payment or to allow the mortgage to be discharged, sued him for defeasance.

Lancelot Ogle thereupon produced two deeds of release, dated April nth and August Slh, 157S,
given by John Orde, the mortgager, to Oliver Ogle. This was met by the plaintiff with the plea that the
mortgage was void as a usurious contract for the loan of money at more than ten per cent, interest, the
tower being worth one hundred pounds yearly, and the loan being only one hundred and si.\ty pounds,
with a proviso for voidance in the event of payment of eighty pounds at the end of fourteen years. This
estimate of the value of the tower cannot, however, possibly be accepted.

Finally the facts of the case were set out in a bill filed in Chancery on February 4th, 1637/8, by
Thomas Orde of West Orde, son and heir of the former plaintiff. They are useful in correcting the Orde
pedigree given in Raine, North Durham, p. 31 1. For other additions to the pedigree see Proc. Sac. Antiq.
Newcastle, 3rd series, vol. ii. pp. 3S-41.

APPENDICES. 373

APPENDIX III.

Bates Pedigree, Tarle III.

The pedigree printed at p. 90 can be materially supplemented from the registers of ,St. Nicholas'
and of All Saints', Newcastle. The dates given are taken from the registers of .St. Nicholas except when
stated otherwise.

I. Thomas Bates of Newcastle married [first, 27th October, 1638, Elizabeth Heckles, who was
buried on the 12th of the following month, and secondly], 17th August, 1640, Margaret Wilkinson, by
whom he had, in addition to the children named in the text, a son Thomas, who was buried at
All Saints', 7th September, 1643. Peter Bates, his eldest son, was baptised at St. Andrew's, 31st
March, 1641. His will was proved at Durham, 1675-6.

II. Richard Bates of Newcastle, apothecary, son of Thomas Bates, married first, i6th July, 1672,
Jane Proctor, and secondly, in 1686, Elizabeth Doughty. By his second marriage he had issue a son
Peter, baptised at All Saints', ist September, 1694, and buried at the same place, 3rd June, 1695 ; a
daughter Margaret, baptised at All Saints', 23rd March, 1689, who died young ; a daughter Mary, buried
at All Saints', 5th March, 1689/90 ; and a child buried in the same church, 9th April, 1691. His second
wife died in 1694, and he married, in the same year, Margaret Clark, who Vas buried at All Saints', 30th
July, 1704. By her he had issue, a son Thomas, who died unmarried, a son Richard, buried at All
Saints', 23rd February, 1699/1700, and four daughters, namely, Isabella, baptised at All Saints', 19th
December, 1695, married Ralph Bates of Newbottle ; Margaret, baptised at All Saints', 15th March,
1702/3, married Lawrence Farringdon, rector of Sherburne ; Esther, who married at All Saints', i6th
June, 1726, Cuthbert Fenwick ; and Mary, wife of John Ellison, vicar of Bedlington.

III. Jedediah Bates of Newcastle, barber-surgeon, son of Thomas Bates, married loth September,
1682, Martha Hutton, by whom he had issue (i) Thomas Bates, afterwards of Alton, baptised 8th July,
1683 ; (2) Ralph, baptised i8th November, 1690, and buried 30th September, 1692 ; (3) Elizabeth,
baptised 24th February, 1684/5 ; (4) Margaret, baptised 25th March, 16S6 ; (5) ,A.nne, baptised 23rd
February, 1687/8, and buried loth April, 16S8. He was buried nth June, 1699. His widow was buried
19th April, 1702.

IV. Thomas Bates of Alton, son of Jedediah Bates, married first, Elizabeth, daughter of [Francis]
Rous of Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire, by whom he had no surviving issue ; and secondly,

Mary, daughter of Archer of co. Gloucester and widow of Offley Smith of co. Norfolk, by whom

he had a daughter Mary, wife of Thomas Rous of Piercefield, co. Monmouth. He took for his third
wife, Mary, daughter of Henry Christmas of Itchin Abbot and of Chobham, Hants, clerk, and by her
had two sons and two daughters, namely Thomas Bates, born 1724; Henry Bates, born 1725;
Elizabeth, born 1722 ; and Martha, born 1727. Hodgson MSS. 'Pedigrees,' vol. iii. fol. 61. Elizabeth
Bates married, July, 1754, the Rev. Edward Bentham, D.D., canon of Christ Church, Oxford
{NeK'castk Convant, 13th July, 1754). Dr. ISentham died in August, 1776; his widow died 26th April,
1790 ; and both were buried at Christ Church {Miscellanea Genealogica ct HerahUca, 2nd series, vol. i.
pp. 146, 292).

APPENDIX IV.

P.WMENTS TO Gilbert de Middleton and Adam de Swinburne.

The following two receipts for blackmail paid to Gilbert de Middleton and Adam de Swinburne are
to be found among the Miscellaneous Charters in Durham Treasury, in addition to those given on page

109, note 6.

.Memorandum quod ego, Willelmus de Denum, recepi de magistro Willelmo de Kellau sex libras ad
opus Gilbert! de Midelton, unde eum acquietabo. Datum Dunelm' die sancte Lucie virginis, anno
domini M'CCC" septimo decimo. Et viginti libras pro domino Ada de Swyneburn. In cujus rei testi-
monium sigillum meum apposui [December 13th, 1317]- No. 3,506.

374 APPENDICES.

Palcat univcrsis per presentes quod ego, Thomas de Hessewell, rector ecclesie de Seggefeld, recepi
per manus Willelmi de Kellawe et domini Willelmi de London' viginti libras sterlingorum ad opus
domini Ade de Swinburn in parte solucionis mille marcarum, de quibus viginti libris fateor me esse
pacatum, et dictos Willelmum et Willelmum quietos clanieo per presentes. In cujus rei testimonium
presentibus sigillum meum apposui. Datum Dunelm', in vigilia sancti Thome apostoli, anno domini
millesimo treccntcsimo scptimo decimo [December 20th, 1317]. No. 3,589. Seal of Thomas de Hesse-
well attached.

Lewis de Beaumont had regained his liberty and was again at Durham by October 17th, 1317, as

APPENDIX V.

Order relating to Cowpen Coal Mines.

The original of the order, to which allusion is made on page 3, has been discovered among the
papers of the Thoroton and Croft trustees, and runs as follows :

At Cowpon, the xxiij"' of February, anno 1572, it is ordered by the quen's majesty's survayor, with
consent and assent of all the awnors that haith any colle-mynd within the feildes of Cowpon, that wharas
hertofor it haith bene accustomed that ihar shuld be distant betwene pitte and pitte forte fawdom of the
ries, xxx"' overwhart, and twenty of the depe, wharby muche of the colle-mynd was spoiled and
unwrought ; in consetheration wharof it is now ordered, concluded and agred fullye that from hencefurth
the said auncient order shalbe broken, and that it shalbe lawfuU for everye awnor herafterwart to sinke
within the compas of threttye fawdome of the ries, twentye of the overwart, and fiftene of the depe ; and
yf it shall forton one man to have and desier to have one owt-strake of his neighbor, loke so manye
colles as he shall have within the said drift, to pay as many .agane to his neighbor, and, from the out-
strake be had, no more to come within his neighbor pitte-runne ; and that yt shalbe lawful! for everye
man to senke two pittes vvithin this renke, so that he worke within and without his owen compas afor
appointed, and to drawe colles at ather of thaim for his most commodite and advantage ; and that no
hewor herafter, what warke soever he worke, to have and drawe but fyve bowelles of fallen coUe ; and he
that woorkes any more the bayllye to have xij'' for every bowell, and he to execute his office for the
sayfegayrd of the ciuen's majesty's colle-mynd. In wittness wharof to this byll we have subscribed
our naymes the daye and yere abovesaid. Postscriptiim. And that no hewor to have no fallen colle
unles he work thre halffe chawder of pane at lest. [.Signed] William Pryce, Robert Mylborn,
Thomas Preston.

INDEX.

375

INDEX.

Ackom, Roger (1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105.

Aeon, William (1363), officer of bishop of Durham, 14 n.

Actorn. Sfe Attorn.

Adshead, Catherine (Hodgson) (d. 1S78), 333 ; George,
of Staley, marriage, 344 ; James, of Staley (18:5),
marriage, 333 ; Sarah (Watts) (d. 1872), 344.

Airey, Thomas, of North Shields (1700), marriage, 171.

Aisend. 6V^ Hazon.

Alder, Eleanor (Charlton), (d. 1805), 346.

Alexander, l-esley, marriage (1835), 89.

Alfric. See Aluric.

Allendale, Redheugh in, 277, 281.

AUgood, of Seghill and Nunwick, family of, 'JO-yi ; Sir
Lancelot (1764), 18.

AInham, land in, settled on Walter de Selby, 58, 167 ;
sold to Sir William Delaval, 64, 168.

Alnwick castle, custody of (1317), no.

Alnwick, Harbottle property in, 264, 270 ; St. Waleric's

fair, 188 n ; Thomas, abbot of (1471-1474), 151 n.
Aluric, sheriff (Jemp. Henry I.), 54 n, 1 36 n.

Anderson, Alice (iVlitford), marriage (1575), 65; Bar-
bara (Ogle) (1669), 294 ; Bertram (1553), owner of
Burradon tower, 46, 372 ; marriage, 67 ; Bertram
(2), of Newcastle, marriage (1664), 342 ; Henry, of
Newcastle (1559), owner of Burradon, 372 ; Jane
(Mitford) (d. 1608), 67 ; John, of Coxlodge (1854),
marriage, 7 ; property in Cowpen, 334 ; Luke, of
Blyth (1826), 362 ; Mary (Mitford), (1653), xi, 66 ;
Percy (1866), Roman Catholic priest in Cowpen,
366 ; Richard (1562), chaplain of Seaton Delaval,
188 ; Thomas (1578), curate of Earsdon, 15.
Angell, Robert (1620), partner in Cowpen colliery,
227 ; William (1620), lessee of Bedlington colliery,
229 n.
Angus, earl of. See Umfraville.

Appleby, John, of Low Biiston (181 7), marriage, 333.
Apreece, Rhoda (Delaval) (d. 1759), 164, 173.
Archbold, Ann (Henzel), marriage (1735), 21 ; Charles,
of Whitley (1729), 21 ; Henry (1662), 23 ; Mary
(Rutherford), marriage (1729), 21.

Archer, Mary (Bates) (eighteenth century), 373 ;

William, marriage (1727), 280.
Arcle, John (circa 1 570), tenant in Seghill, 69 ; Robert

(1649), 23 ; tenant in Earsdon, 5.
Arkless, Edward (l) (1620), accused of witchcraft, xi ;
Edward (2) (1895), curate of Earsdon, 16.

Arms: Basset of Offerton, 319 ; Bates of Holywell, 86;
Bowes of Thornton, 330; Charron, 251; Cnim-
lington, 215; Delaval, 165-167, 177; Grey of
Backworth, 41 ; Harbottle, 265 n, 266, 27 1 n ;
Heton of Chillingham, 116; Middleton of Silks-
worth, 116; Mitford of Seghill, 65; Monboucher,
261, 262 n ; Ogle of Bebside, 294 ; Ogle of Bur-
radon, 52; Ruthall, 116; Selby of Seghill, 56;
Viscount of Horton, 245 ; Whitchester, 145.

Armstrong, Mark, of Newcastle (1577), lease of cobles,
118 n.

Arnold, Richard, merchant, of Cromer (1454), 150 n.

Arvays, William (1336), Hartley subsidy roll, 113.

Ashburnham, Henry, vicar of Tynemouth (1663), 20;
Sir John (1619), lessee of Cowpen coal mines,
227.

Astley, Albert, Lord Hastings, 165, iSg, 274; Sir
Edward, of iMelton Constable, bart., 165 ; (l750
marriage, 173 ; Sir Jacob, of Melton Constable, bart.
(1814), inherits Delaval estates, 165.

Atchison, Edward (1570), tenant in Seghill, 6g.

Atkinson of Earsdon, pedigree, 6.

Atkinson, Isabella (Watson), (1664), 335 ; Jane (Scott),
marriage (1740), 281 ; Mary Anne (Bradford),
(nineteenth century), 94 ; Nathaniel (1847), curate
of Horton, 2S0; Ralph, of .Angerton {circa 1800),
7, 94 ; Thomas Bradford, of Angerton, lands in
Holywell. 94.

Atlee, John (d. 1756), marriage, 291.

Attorn, Robert (1336), Newsham subsidy roll, 206 n ;
Roger (1312), Hartley subsidy roll, 105 ; N'ewsham
subsidy roll, 206.

Augo, Osbert de (1270), guardian of Robert Delaval,
142.

Aukland, Thomas de (1336), rector of Whalton, grant
of lands in Seghill, 62 n.

376

INDEX.

Aydon hall (1317), held by rebels, 109; Vaux lands

in, 320 n, 321 n.
Aydon, Isabella (Hodgson), of South Blyth, marriage

(1718), 21, 333.
Aynewick, hamlet, 306 ; salt pan, 314, 353.
Aynewick, John de (1296 and 1312), Cowpen subsidy

rolls, 320.
Aynsley, William, of Newcastle (1783'), lands in Ears.

don, 8 ; William, of Shafto (circa 1 540), marriage,

169.

Baard, John (1246), 247 ; Margery (1227), guardian
of Walran de Horton, 246.247; William (1227),
grant of land in Horton, 246 ; witness, 253 n.

Backworth TOWNSHIP, 25-43 ; in Earsdon parish, 2,
14, 23 ; in Earsdon Urban District, 14 ; Roman finds
at, 26-32 ; manor, 32, 33 n ; prior's court at. 32, 56 ;
quarries, 34 ; Conveys, 35 ; commutation of services,
36 ; enclosure, 25 n, 39-40, 42.43 ; hall, 43 ; census
returns, 25 n.

Backworth, East, 25, 26 n, 37.

Backworth, West, 25, 33, 34, 36 r, 39.

Backworth, family of, 32, 37 ; Adam de (1233), witness,
76 n ; Adelard de (circa 1 180), witness, 32, 309 n ;
Hugh de (1302). tenant of Backworth, 26 n, 33, 34 ;
witness, 49 n, 50 n ; (1278) surety, 55 ; John de (l)
(1323), tenant of Backworth, 35, 37 ; witness, 38 n,
62 n ; John de (2) (1377), tenant of Backworth, 39 ;
Nicholas de (l) (circa 1 180), witness, 32, 309 n ;
Nicholas de (2) (1264), tenant in Backworth, 32 ;
witness, 50 n ; (1278) suretj', 55 ; Paterous de
(circa 1300), 26 n ; Robert de (1233), witness, 76 n ;
Roger de (thirteenth centurj'), tenant in Holywell,
76.

Bacon, Mary (Bates) (d. 1723), 87.

Badby, William (circa I400), 117.

Bailey, James (1582), freeholder in Holywell, 84;
James (2) (1663), 23 ; freeholder in Holywell, 94 ;
John (i), (1649), tenant in Earsdon, 5 ; of Holy-
well, 17; John (2), marriage (circa 1700), 294;
Margaret (Barker) (d. 1680), 6; Robert (1732),
sells Earsdon farm, 8 ; William (circa 1570), tenant
in Holywell, 85 n.

Bainbridge, Elizabeth (Hindmarsh) (1645), marriage,
20.

Baker, John, of Newcastle, marriage (1762), 291.

Baldok, Robert de (1318), commissioner for truce, 59 n.

Baldwin, Charles (1727), 70.

Baliol barony. See Bywell.

Baliiil, family of, connection with Delavals, 77, 1 38,
315-316; Ama-bilia de (circa 1212), fee of Conis.
clifFe, 315 n ; Bernard de (i) (1166), 73 n ; Bernard
de (2) (twelfth century), settles lands on Roger Fitz
Hugh, 315 ; Christiana (Delaval) (1258) 77 ;
Edward (1332), grant to Walter de Selby, 63;
Eustace de (1190), concord taken in court of, 73;
Hugh de (1219), 77 n.

Ball, Edward, of Newcastle (1640), marriage, 170.

Bamburgh castle, no, 264 n.

Bamburgh. Rutherford's lands in, 123 n ; Middleton's
lands, 115 n ; John Emley, master of (1470), 151 n.

Bamford, T. A., incumbent of St. Wilfrid's, Waterloo,
367.

Banstede, John de (13 18), commissioner for truce,

59 1-

Banyard, Sir Bartholomew (circa 1260), witness, 249.

Barber, George, of Elemore (1740), 41.

Barbour, Alan (1377), tenant in Cowpen, 312.

Baret, Adam (circa 1200), witness, 49 n ; Sir Adam, of
Benton (1268), 50 ; justice in Tynemouthshire, 57 n ;
witness, 49 n, 248 n, 254 n, 256 n, 260 n ; John
(1312), Seaton Delaval subsidy roll, 190, 191 ;
Margery (1402), lands in Burradon, 50 ; Richard
(thirteenth century), witness, 254 n ; Roger (1293),
lands in Burradon, 49, 50 ; witness, 50 n ; Walter
(1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105 ; William (1310),
witness, 260 n.

Barkas, Robert, of Newcastle, marriage (1789), 346.

Barkeley, Sir Henry (1619), leases coal mines in Cow-
pen, 227.

Barker of Earsdon, pedigree, 6-7.

Barker, Bertram (1649), tenant in Earsdon, 5 ; Richard
(circa 1720), marriage, 216 ; Robert (1649), tenant
in Earsdon, 5, 23, 189 n ; Robert, of Newcastle
(1789), marriage, 346; Thomas (1649), tenant in
Earsdon, 5.

Barnes, Thomas (1838), coal owner, 241.

Baron, Juliana (1294), Cowpen tallage roll, 309;
(1323) tenant in Cowpen, 310 ; Robert (1294),
Cowpen tallage roll, 309 ; (1323) tenant in Cowpen,
310.

Barrington collier}', 238, 239, 240, 301, 302.

Barrow, Edward, of South Blyth, marriage (1744), 6 ;
Thomas (1658), 189 n.

Basset of Offerton, pedigree, 319; lands in Hartford,
285-286 ; in Bebside, 292 ; in Cowpen, 31S

Basset, John (1391), 64 n ; property in Eachivick, 286,
319 ; in Cowpen and Bebside, 319 ; Richard (l377)i
lands in Bedlington, 286 n.

INDEX.

377

Bataill, Ralph (i2g6), Seaton Oelaval sub'-itly roll, igo ;
William (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Bateman, John (1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105 ;
Margaret (Grey), marriage (1655), 41 ; William
(1296 and 1312), Hartley subsidy roll, 105.

Bates of Holywell, pedigree, 86-90, 373, xi ; account of
family, 84-85, 91-94.

Bates, Cuthbert (d. 1603), 22 n, 91 : marriage, 294 ;
Margaret (Watson) (d. 1814), 335 ; Ralph (d. 1691),
23, 92 ; Thomas (d. 1587), queen's surveyor, 96;
buys lands in Holywell, 77 n, 81 ; joins rebellion
of northern earls, S4-85 ; survey of lands, 85 ;
salt pans and coal pits in Cowpen, 224, 353 ; lease
of farms in Cowpen, 322, 324 ; acquires East
Hartford, 288.

Bates Island. See St. Mary's Island.

Bateson, John, of Bedlington (1437), 22 ; Robert, of
Bedlington (1437), 22 ; William, of Gosforth (1437),
22.

Baltell, John (1500), 121 n.

Baudwyn, John (1402), 148 n.

Bavington, Little, estate of, 163.

Baxter, William (1495), grant made to, 51 n.

Bayle, David (1498), witness, 342 n.

Bayliff. See Bailey.

Beadnell, Harding property in, 51 n ; llarbottle
property in, 270.

Beadnell, George, of Lemington (1613), marriage,
294 ; Janet (Rutherford), (sixteenth century),
123 n ; John, of Lemington (1538), arbitration, 83 ;
seneschal in Seaton manor court, 188 n.

Beamish, co. Durham, 85 ; acquired by Guischard de
Charron, 256 ; subsequent descent of, 261, 265 n,
266, 270; deed dated at, 251.

Beanlie, Thomas {circa 1 568), tenant in Seaton Dela-
val, 201.

Beaufiont, manor of, 320 n, 321 n.

Beaumont, Hammond, clerk (1674), marriage, 174;
Henry de, constable of Norham castle (1317), 107 ;
Huntington, of Bilborough (died 1623), leases
coal mines in Cowpen, 227 ; improvements and
losses, 228-229 ! tenant of Bebside hall, 229, 295 ;
leases coal in Bedlington, 229 n ; early ex-
periences, 230 ; Lewis de, bishop of Durham,
captured and held to ransom (1317), 58, 106-I10;
seizes Felling as an escheat, 59, 61 ; date of re-
lease, 374.

Bebeset, John de (thirteenth century), witness, 254 n ;
(1296 and 1312), Horton subsidy roll, 256, 260;
Robert de (1267), witness, 248 n, 254 n.

Vol. IX.

Bebside TOWNSHir, 292-298 ; manor of, 293, 307 ;
Basset's lands, 318-319 ; Harbottlc's lands, 270, 288
and n, 292 and n ; manor-house, 293, 295, 296-297 ;
tithes, 278, 281, 282 ; coal mines, 225-230, 233,
240-241 ; ironworks, srr uni/er Bedlington ; census
returns, 292 n.

Bebside colliery, 292, 302-304.

Bebside furnace, 292, 303, 331.

Bedlington, purchased by bishop of Durham, 222 ;
King John at, 140 ; medieval road to, 72, 135, 243,
293 ; properties in, 86, 286 ; commission to vicar of
(1436), 22 ; water mill, 331 ; colliery, 229 n, 234,
238-240 ; ironworks, account of, 298-302, 358 ; rail-
way, 239, 240, 302 n.

Bedlington, Henry de (1397), 286.

Bedlingtonshire, i, 222.

Bedome, Edward (1578), curate of Horton, 279.

Beetson, William, marriage, 339.

Beevor, W. C., marriage, 9.

Bek, Anthony, bishop of Durham (1290), 104.

Bekering, Thomas de (1254), 307 n.

Belhus, Richard de (1260), lands in Danby-on-Yore, 251.

Bell, Ann (Fenwick), 12 ; Christopher (1539), free
tenant in Cowpen, 321 ; James, of Bothal Barns
(1652), marriage, 294; of Bebside, 295; John (six-
teenth century), tenant in Cowpen, 313 ; Mary
(Hannay) (1715), 343; Ralph (1601), tenant in
Horton, 272 ; William (circa 1770), portraits by, 177.

Bellasis, Elizabeth (James, Delaval) (d. 1661), 174;
Sir William, of Morton (1621), 175 ; marriage, 176.

Bellingham, Nicholas (circa 1450), marriage, 266.

Belsay, 116.

Belsow, Thomas de (thirteenth century), witness, 254 n.

Bennet, Bartholomew (1310), witness, 260 n; William,
of Kenton (1538), lands in Cowpen, 337.

Benson, Richard, of Durham (1538), leases salt pans
in Cowpen, 224; Thomas, of Bedlington (I553)i
tenement in Cowpen, 322.

Bentham, Edward, canon of Christ church (l754)'
marriage, 373.

Benton, Little, Scrope lands in, 81 ; held by Thomas
Bates, 85 n ; Long, parish, 24; Grey's estate in, 43.

Benton, Sir Adam de (1321), witness, 38 n ; Hugh de
(1268), witness, 49 n ; John de (1268), witness,
49 n, 254 n ; William de (thirteenth century), wit-
ness, 49 n.

Benwell, inanor of, descent of Delaval moiety, 141, 143,
167, 168, 64, 68, 145, 147 ; Whitchester moiety, 145,
149 ; conveyed to Tynemouth priory, 150 n.

Berneham, Roger de (1233), 76 n.

378

INDEX.

Berliam.Sir John (1424), liustee, 267 ; Ricluud (1217),
pardon, 140 n ; Sir Robert (1269), witness, 252 n ;
Roger (1234), itinerant justice, 317 n.

Berwick, 64, 106; ca[itiued l>y tlic Scots, 59, no;
castle, 264 n.

Berwick, John (147S), 26.S.

Besyng, Alexander (thirteentii century), witness, 254 it.

Beumys, Robert de (circa 1260), marriage, 167.

Bewclay, in St. John !,ee, \'au.\ lands in, 320 n.

Bewick, manor of, 33 n.

Bewick, Eleanor (Grey), marriage (1587), 41 ; Jane
(Mitford), marriage (1620), 68 ; James (1664),
tenant in Backworth, 40 ; John (1470), coroner,
151 n; Margaret (Bates) (d. 1681), 87; William
(1297), witness, 254 n, 258 n, 279.

Biddleston, acquired by Sir Henry Delaval, 141, 167;
moiety settled on Walter de Selby, 58, 59, 60, 167 ;
sold to Sir William Delaval, 64, 168 ; entailed, 68 ;
descent of second moiety, 142, 144, 145, 146, 151 n,
xii ; sold to Thomas .Selby, 169; Seaton Delaval
chantry lands in, 18S.

Biddleston, Robert de (circa 1240), inheritance, 141 ;
witness, 254 n ; supposed arms, 166 ; Margery
(Delaval), 167.

Biddulph, Gordon and Company, Messrs. (1809), pro-
prietors of Bedlington ironworks, 2gg.

Biddulph, John (1828), colliery owner, 240; Richard,
marriage, 89.

Bigun, Hugh (circa 1200), tenant in Newsham, 205 n.

Billings, Thomas, of Heighington (circa 1720), mar-
riage, 67.

Bindloss, George, of Newcastle (circa 1610), marriage,
87.

Bingfield, Vaux lands in, 320 n, 321 n.

Bird, Alan, of Newcastle (circa 1470), 151 n ; George,
of Newcastle (circa 15 10), marriage, 266.

Birden, John de (1318), 59 n.

Birkett, Miles (1682), curate of Horton, 279.

Birkinshaw, John (1S20), inventor of wedge r.ails, 300.

Birtley, tithes, 70.

Birtley, John de (1362), witness, 320 n.

Biscoe, Elisha (1756), 128, 164.

Bishopsthorpe, treaty of, 312.

Bitchfield, 290.

Black Death, 114, 192, 312.

Blackett, Christian (Mitford), marriage (1669), 66;
Sir Edward (1704), acquires Seaton Delaval by
marriage, 162, 171 ; lawsuit with Sir John Delaval,
133 n, 162.163 ; Sir William (1720), marriage, 162,
172 ; purchases Mitford estates, 67, 70.

Blagdon, Blakeden of, 286, 287.

Blake, family, owners of Seghill, 71 ; Elizabeth (Mit-
ford, Uungerford) (1717), 66; Sir Francis, of
Ford, 67, 163, 198 n; Mary (Ord, Delaval) (d.
1711), 172.

Blakeden of Blagdon and West Hartford, family of,
286.287, 289 ; Robert (1499), witness, 342 n.

Blakiston, Eleanor (Cramlington, Sowerby) (d. 1725)1
216 ; John, of Newcastle (1638), family, 20 ; Ralph
de (1339), witness, 277 n; William, of Newcastle
(circa 1470), treaty for marriage, 152-153.

Bland, Elizabeth (Clark), marriage (1730), 21.

Blaney, Henry (seventeenth century), marriage, 339.

Blaxton, See Blakiston.

Blound, Stephen le (1318), 59 n.

Blunden, Anne (Seddon) (circa 1645), 339.

Blunt, Richard le (1240), free tenant in Seaton Delaval,
190 n.

Blyth, historical account of, 348-371 ; situation, 304,
348, 350 ; ancient earthworks, 348 ; roads, 135, 354 ;
the snook, 204, 205 n, 318, 349; Delaval owner-
ship, 148, 208-210, 349; Cramlington ownership,
211-212, 214, 215, 349-350; Radcliffe and Ridley
ownership, 219.221 ; fishing industry, 15, 349-350,
354. 358> 370 ; salt pans, 204, 232.233, 349,
357 and n, 369 ; shipment of salt from, 225, 353-

355 ; shipment of coal from, 226, 230-233, 237, 240,
242, 357, 361, 370-371 ; coal company, 231, 357 ;
staiths and quays, 231-233, 237, 240, 357, 360, 361,
371 ; custom house, 127, 357-358 ; port of, 233-243,
357-358, 370-371 ; charts of harbour, 348 n, 356 ;
harbour improvements, 360, 370-371 ; lighthouse,
360; lifeboats, 368 ; docks, 369-371 ; shipping and
shipbuilding, 358, 360, 369 ; town extension, 356,
360-362 ; chapel, 18, 24, 277, 362-364 ; list of
ministers, 363-364 ; monumental inscriptions, 364 ;
St. Mary's, Waterloo, 278 ; non-established churches,
364-366 ; urban district, 367 ; schools, 367-368 ;
institutions, 368 ; see also Cowpen and Newsham.

Blyth goat, 222, 235, 304, 348.

Blyth, North, salt pans at, 224, 225, 232, 318, 350-352,
357; bishop's quay at, 356; granary, 350 n, 351,

356 n, 35S ; pottery, 370. See also Cambois.
Blyth, river of, 348 ; prehistoric finds from, 305-306 ;

fords : Hartford, 284 ; Humford, 292 ; Cambois
ford, 224, 304-305 ; Blyth ford, 350, 357 ; coal and
ironstone seams, 224, 231, 233, 298 ; water transit,
233, 238, 358 ; right to royalties in, 354-355 ;
navigation instructions, 357 ; Latin ode to, 371.
Blyth and Tyne railway, 239-240, 242, 302, 370.

INDEX.

379

Blythe, John (died iSlo), minister ;il Hartley, l8g n ;
at Blyth, 365 ; family of, 365 n.

Bohun, William de, earl of Northampton (1337), G3.

Bolam, harony, 136 n, 292, 306-307 ; church granted to
Tynemouth, 307.

Bolam, Alina de (1234), lands in Cowpen, 317 ; Gilbert
de (1 183), 306 ; grant to Brinkburn, 314 ; James de
(1166), 306; grant to Brinkburn, 314; Walter de
{circa 1220), 74 n, 167, 315, 316; witness, 44 n ;
William de (1295), chaplain, witness, 309 n.

Bolbec barony, 137, 141; arms, 166; Matilda de
(Delaval) (1281), 167.

Bomaker, John (1546), tenant m Cowpen, 313.

Booth, Diana (Delaval, Blackett) (1684), 161-162, 171.

Bothe, Elizabeth del (Harding), 51 ; Roger del (1437).
land in Burradon, 51-

Bothwell castle, 63.

Boucher, James (1845), curate of Horion, 2S0.

Bourne, James (1601), tenant in Horton, 272.

Boutflower, Isabel (Watson), marriage (1736), 281.

Bower, Robert (1602), interest in Cowpen coal mines,
227, 229 n.

Bowes castle, custody of, 250-251, 259 n.

Bowes of Thornton, pedigree, 330 ; property in Cowpen,
329.

Bowes, Alice (Wanley) (d. 1774), 329, 330; Anne
(Hilton, Delaval), 172 ; Elizabeth (Monboucher,
Whitchester, Fulthorp, Holden, Hilton) (d. 1450),
xii, 145, 147, 149, 261, 264-265 ; Sir Francis,
of Thornton (1638), land in Backworth, 40 n ;
marriage, 171, 328 ; acquires Cowpen property,
329 ; Sir George, of Biddick (1618), marriage,
170, 175, 177 ; Sii George, of Streatlam, family
of, 176; Henry, of Newcastle (1601), tenant
in Backworth, 40 n ; Magdalen (Delaval) (c/rca
1691), 170 ; Mary (Fenwick) (d. 1759). n"''-
riage, 12 ; Ralph (1622), tenant in Backworth,
40 n ; Talbot, of Richmond (1599), 175 i Toby,
of Harraton (1632), marriage, 170; Thomas
(160S), tenant in Backworth, 40 n ; Sir William
(1446), under-sheriff of Northumberland, i;i n.
See a/30 Wanley-Bowes.

Bowman and Drummond, Messrs., Blyth shipbuilders,

369-
Bowman, William (1709), works Plessey colliery, 232 ;

salt works, 357 n.
Bowzer. See Bower.

Boyham, William de (1329), witness, 113 n.
Brack, James, of Washington (1769), marriage, 88.
Braddock, Francis (1637), crown grantee, 331.

Bradford in Bolam, Vaux lands in, 320 n, 321 n.

Bradford, Thomas (1470), 151 n; Sir Thomas (nine-
teenth century), lands in Holywell, 94.

Brandling, Dorothy (Archer), marriage (i727). 280;
Elizabeth (Grey), marriage (i777)i 4' ; Henry, of
Newcastle (_circa 1550), marriage, 67; Ralph, of
Felling (1695), buys Newsham and Plessey, 219,
231; Robert (i), of Newcastle (1529), 115 n;
rtobert (2) (1622), marriage, 176.

Brandon, acquired by Delaval family, l65 ; settlements
of, 142, 144, 168 ; legal proceedings, 145, 146, xii ;
granted to Robert Mitford, 65, 69, 145, 149.

Branton, Delaval property in, 146, 151 n, 166, 169.

Bras, Simon (1296), holding in Holywell, 79, 81 ;
subsidy roll, 78.

Brereden hall, I12-I13. See aho Hartley.

Bretby, co. York, Nicholas, rector of (1339). 277 n.

Breteville, Sir William de (circa 1260), witness, 249.

Brierdene. See Brereden.

Brigham, Agnes (Mitford) (circa 1500), 65.

Brighouse, Robert (1628), lands in Backworth, 40 n,
41.

Brinkburn priory, lands in Hartley, 100, 102, 123, 141 ;
lands and salt pans in Cowpen, 223, 306, 514-315.
353 ; lands in Newsham, 203, 206 ; William, prior
of (circa I474), 151 n.

Brittany, John of. See Richmond, earls of.

Broadbent, — (died 1S20), minister at Blyth, 365.

Broomley, Vaux lands in, 321 n.

Brotherick, John (1390,64 n ; witness, 321 n ; John, of
Hartley (1849), charity, 22.

Brown, John (l) (1323). tenant in Cowpen, 311 ;
John (2) (1857), presbyterian minister of Seaton
Delaval, 189 ; Margaret (Spearman, Bates) (circa
1600), 86; William (1344), chaplain of Seaton
Delaval, 188.

Browne, David (1574), tenant in Hartley, 124; tenant
in Seaton Delaval, 201 ; Dorothy (Ogle) (1670),
xi ; Mawnes (1588), fisherman of Hartley, 118 n;
Robert (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313; (1578),
tenant in Hartley, 118 n, 124.

Bruce, David, king of Scots, 63; George (i797),
marriage, 89 ; Robert, king of Scots, 107, 262 ;
Peter (1227), justice in eyre, 247 n.

Brugge, Peter de (1355). king's yeoman, 207 n.

Bruntoft, Simon de (thirteenth century), witness, 253 n.

Buckshill, in Cowpen, 304 ; prehistoric finds from, 305-
306 ; watch kept at, 305 n ; ford at, see Cambois
ford ; salt pans at, 314, 325. 327. 353 ; stobmill on,
332 ; ownership of, 336 ; granary at, 356 n.

380

INDEX.

Buddie, John, colliery viewer, 300.

BuUein, William (i57g), cited, 154.

Bulman, George (1551), 67 ; bequest to, 217.

Bulson, John (1716), 24.

Burcester, Elizabeth {>iee Whitchesier) (d. 1469),
145-152; inherits and sells Seghill, 68-69 ; claims
Newsham, 2o8-2og, xii ; Sir John, husband of above,
marriage, 145 ; sheriff, 151 n.

Burchall, Oswald (1891), Roman Catholic priest,
366 ; Wilfrid (1845), Roman Catholic priest,
366.

Burden, Geoffrey de, prior of Durham (1317), 107,
108 ; William (1838), colliery owner, 241.

Burgh, John, of Cowthorp (d. 1450), marriage,
261.

Burgham, Richard (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313.

Burgoyne, Elizabeth (Ruthall) (circa 1550), 116.

Burgo, Thomas de (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Burleigh, William, Lord, petition to, 352.

Burleson, Margaret, of Seghill (1663), 17.

Burneton, of Hollinside, family of, 51 ; Walter de
(1310), witness, 260 n.

Burradon TOWNSHIP, 43-53 ; in Earsdon parish, 2, 14,
23 ; joined to Killmgworth, 24, 53 ; granted to
Walran de Horton, 244 ; Ogle moiety, 44-46 ;
Widdrington moiety, 48-51 ; acquired by Oliver
Ogle, 51, 372 ; early deeds relating to, 44 n, 49 n,
372 ; tower, 47-48, 372 ; quarries, 359 n.

Burradon, Margaret de (Plane) (1336), 264 n ; Oelard
de (circa 1200), 49 ; Richard de (thirteenth
century), grant of lands to, 372 ; Richard de (1333),
chaplain of Seaton Delaval, 187 n, 188 ; Robert de
(1296 and 1312), Horton subsidy rolls, 256, 260;
grant of land, 258 n ; witness, 279; impleaded,
281 ; Roger de (circa 1290), 50 n ; Thomas de
(thirteenth century), witness, 254 n ; Walter de
(thirteenth century), witness, 253 n, 254 n ; grant of
lands in Burradon, 372 ; William de (circa 1290),
grant of lands to, 50.

Burrell, Alexander (1485), freeholder in Hartley, 102 ;
Francis (circa l6co), marriage, 68 ; Thomas (six-
teenth century), tenant in Cowpen, 313.

Burry, Thomas (circa 1800), marriage, 333.

Burton-chare, Newcastle-on-Tyne, 51 n.

Byas, Robert (1854), colliery owner, 240.

Byker, Monboucher lands in, 264.

Byker, John de (126S), witness, 49 n ; Ladarana de
(1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310, Robert de (1334),
witness, 286 n.

Bywell barony, 73, 77 n, 307 n ; tithes, 22.

Caistillun, William de (circa 1204), witness, 44 n,

Caldstrother, Middleton lands in, 104, 112.

Callerton, Black, member of Delaval barony, 136, 167 ;
tenure of, 137 and n ; grant of tithes, 136 ; grant of
free warren, 73, 138 ; Adam de Newsum quitclaims,
204; Kirkeman's lands in, 317; valuations, 146 n,
159 n; settled on Sir William Delaval, 143, 146,
l63 ; dower in, xii, 145, 147 ; descent of manor,
151 n, 152, 159, 169, 170, 175.

Calowm, Robert (1499), curate of Horlon, 279;
witness, 342 n.

Calverley, Sheffield (circa 1625), marriage, xi, 41.

Cambo (Camhou), Sir John de (circa 1300), witness,
260 n ; Robert de (1235), grant to, 317; Walter
de (12S0), justice in Tynemouthshire, 57 n.

Gambols, bishop's quay in, 234, 242, 356 n ; coal royally,
237, 242 ; staiths, 234, 242 ; wayleave, 350 n

Cambois ford, 304-305 ; salt pans at, 224. 353.

Cammus, Henry de (129^), Cowpen tallage roll, 309 ;
subsidy roll, 320.

Campden. See Hicks.

Cansfield, Sar.ih (Watts) (d. 1776), 344.

Cantilupe, Roller de (1249), rector of Horton, 276, 278.

Cantley, John (1901), presbyterian minister, 189.

Canvill, Richard de (11S8), owner of Gosforth, 44 n.

Carey, Sir Henry, Lord Hunsdon (1592), gi, 352 n ;
Mary (Delaval) (1522), 169; Rebecca (Bates)
(d. 1891), 89.

Carleton, Sir William (circa 1646), marriage, 171.

Carlton, co. Notts, Hiirbottle property, 270.

Carmichael. Daniel (1860), presbyterian minister, 365.

Carnaby, Francis, of Newcastle (1626), Zo ; Sir John,
of Halton (circa 1480), marriage, 266 ; Ralph, of
Halton (circa 1600), marriage, 68 ; William, of
Bedlington (1685), marriage, 170.

Carpenter, Lady Susannah Hussey (marchioness of
Waterford) (d. 1828), 1 32, 165 n ; George, second
earl of Tyrconnel (1780), marriage, 1 74.

Carr and Jobling, Messrs., colliery owners, 239, 240,
241.

Carr, Ann (Grey), marriage (1705), 41 , Archibald
(1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313; George, of New-
castle (14S0), 153; John, of Chibburn (1470),
151 n ; John, of Hetton (1436), property in Holy-
well, 82 ; John, of Hetton (died 1521), property
in Holywell, 83, 84 ; Richard, of Newcastle (1695),
marriage, 67 ; Thomas, of Lilburn (1470), 151 n ;
Thomas, of Ford (1622), marriage, 176 ; Thomas,
of Blyth (nineteenth century), 368.

INDEX.

381

Caitington, John, of Cartington (14S0), acquires land

in Hartley, 115.
Caruders, John, of North Shields (1454), i5on.
Carville, Alice de (Kirkenian) (1234), lands in Covvpen

and Rugley, 316-317 ; Roger de (1234), 317 n.
Castell, Thomas (1563), curate of Earsdon, 15.
Castle-ward rents : Burradon, 44, 49 ; Cowpen, 306,

307 n ; Hartley, 100, 103 ; Holywell, 77 n ; Horton,

246; Sealon Delaval harony, 137 and n; Seghill,

54-
Castle-way, 26, 77, 135.
Castre of Horton, pedigree, 249 ; Thomas de (_circa

1250), marriage, 245, 247, 249 ; William de (1269),

249, 252.
Cawsey, co. Durham, 266.

Cavvthorne, John, of Lancaster (1778), marriage, 174.
Census returns. Seg under the respectivf Unuiiships,
Chabeneys, Sir William de (1270), 142.
Challoner, William, of North Blyth (1729), marriage,

335-
Cham, Adam (1295), freeholder in Earsdon, 3 ;

William (1294), Earsdon tallage roll, 3 n.
Chamber, Thomas (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313.
Chambers, Dorothy (Preslo'n) (d. 1793"), 343.
Chandler, Bishop, visitation {circa 1736), 17, 2S1.
Charities, in Earsdon chapelry, 22 ; Pigg's charity, 1 1 ;

Mrs. Croft's charily, 27S ; Campden exhibitions,

283 ; Thomas Knight hospital, 36S.
Charlton, Harbottle lands in, 270.
Charlton, of Newcastle and Gateshead, pedigree, 346 ;

Cowpen farm, 346-347.
Charron of Horton, pedigree, 251 ; account of family,

249-260; Sir Guischard de (1261-1297), 250-258,

278-279, 2Sln; marriage, 245, 249; Hartford

lands, 285 ; Delaval wardship, 142 ; Joan (Mon-

boucher, Willoughby), marriage, 261, 263 ; leases,

264 n, 286 n.
Chastel, Aleyn du (1323), witness, 35 n.
Chator, William, of Newcastle (1845), marriage, 344.
Chauncy, Isabella de (Monboucher) (1342), 261, 263.
Chaux, John de, lord of Bolam (1223), 278.
Chaytor, Margaret (Bates) (d. i6S6), recusant, 17;

marriage, 87.
Chetwynd, — , of Rngeley {circa i6g8), marriage, 171.
Cheval, Robert, chamberlain of abbot of St. Alban's

(1295), 285 n ; witness, 309 n.
Chevington, East, chapelry, 222 ; curate of, see I,eigh-

ton ; township, Fitzhugh lands, 81 ; Thomas Bates's

lands, 85 n.
Chevington, Roger de {circa 1200), witness, 49 n.

Chibbnrn, Widdrington lands in, 336.

Chicken, John (17^7)) tenant in Newsham, 220 ;
Thomas (1658), 189 n.

Chillingham, owned by Heton family, 113, II4,
116.

Chipchase, settled by will of George Allgood, 7° !
pedigree of Taylor of, 8.g.

Chirden, Thomas (1424), witness, 82 n.

Chirton, tenure in, 54 ; Haliwell's lands, 81.

Choppington collieries, 241.

Christmas, Mary (Bates) (1724), 373.

Church plate, Earsdon, 18 ; Horton, 2S0 ; Blyth,
364 and n.

Clark, Charles, of Newcastle (circa 1740), marriage,
12 ; George, of Sheepwash (1826), resident in
Blyth, 362 ; John (i) (1717), tenant in Newsham,
220 ; John (2) of Bebside (1792), ropemaker and
colliery owner, 234, 236, 360 ; Margaret (Bates)
(1694), 90, 373; Margaret (Ogle) (1706), 294;
Ralph, of North Shields, marriage (1730), 21.

Clavering, John de (131 1), grant of Whalton, 79.

Claxton, Sir Robert, of Dilston (1434), coheir of Vaux
estates, 321.

Clayton, Nathaniel, vicar of Whelpington (1749),
marriage, 12, 13; William, of Newcastle (1755),
marriage, SS.

Cleashy, Ann (Taylor) {circa 1850), 8.

Cler, Mabel de (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Cleseby, John de (1317), joins Middleton's rebellion,
109.

Cleveland, harrying of, 109.

Clifford, Joan (Heton) (fourteenth century), xi.

Clifton, Sir John, of Clifton (fourteenth century), mar-
riage, 261 ; Thomas (1867), Independent minister
at Blyth, 366.

Clint, Elizabeth (Hodgson), marriage (1710), 21, 333.

Clinton, John (1826), resident at Blyth. 362.

Clutterbuck, Elizabeth (Bates) (d. 1806), 89 ; Hannah
(Wharton), marriage (1727), 280.

Clyvedon, Thomas de (1276), seneschal of Tynemouth,
253 n.

Coal trade in Horton chapeliy, 223-243, 374 ; sixteenth
century regulations, 225, 374 ; restrictions of trade,
355. See also Hartley.

Cockfield, John, of Nuthall, Notts (died 1454), mar-
riage, 261.

Coher, William (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.

Coke, William (1413), 148 n.

Coldcoats, parish of Ponteland, 94.

Cole-male, custom called, 100.

38:

INDEX.

CoUingwood, John, of Chirton (1S12), marriage, 13 ;
Robert, of Eslington (1536), arbitration, 210;
Thomas, of Eslington (1591), arbitration, 155 ;
William (circa 1400), 117.

Collins, Greenvile, chart of Blyth, 35C-357 ; chart of
Seaton Sluice, 117, 126 n, 127 n, 128 n.

Collinson, William, of Tynemouth castle (1C49), mar-
riage, 20.

Colman, Nicholas (sixteenth cent 1113'), mariiage,
169.

Colpits (172.S), bequests to family, 70.

Colt, Elizabeth Dutton (Seddon) (1660), 339.

Colvill, Jane (Clark, Fenwick), (1739), marriage, 12,
xi.

Commons and pastures: Rodestane moor, 34 ; Holy-
well moor, 83-84, 91-92 ; Seaton Delaval and
Whitridge commons, 134-135, 192-195.

Coniscliffe manor, 315 n.

Consett, CO. Durham, Middleton lands in, 116.

Consett, John, curate of Earsdon (1664), 15.

Conveys, service called, at Backworth, 35-36, 38.

Conyers, Henry de (thirteenth century"), witness, 254 n,
372 ; Jane (Cresswell) (circa 1500), 85; Richard de
(1297), witness, 258 n, 279 ; William de (thirteenth
century), witness, 253 n, 254 n, 372.

Cook, John, of t5urradon, marriage (170.S), 21 ; John,
of London (circa 1 5 14) 244 n.

Cookson, William (185S), colliery owner, 241.

Copon, John de (1336), Newsham subsidy roll, 206 n ;
Thomas (i377), tenant in Backworth, 38.

Coppin, John (1858), colliery owner, 241.

Corbet, Sir Roger (1310), witness, 260 n.

Corbridge, rent-charge in, 249.

Corde, John, of Tynemouth, marriage (1663), 20.

Cornage rents : Backworth, 33, 36, 38 ; Cowpen, 309 n,
310-311, 312 ; Earsdon, 3 ; Hartford, 285 ; Hartley,
100, 103 ; Holywell, 77 ; Horton, 246 ; Seaton
Delaval barony, 137 and n ; Seghill, 55.

Corneath, John (1662), 23; tenant in Backworth,
40; Matthew (1579), tenant in Seaton Delaval,
196.

Ccry, William (1848), marriage, 8.

Cote, Ralph del (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.

Council of the North, proceedings in, 211 n, 214, 326,

353-355-

County court, suit to, 137.

Coupwell, in Cowpen, 314.

Court-rolls: Hartley, 117-120, 124; Holywell, S3-84 ;
Horton, 272 ; Seaton Delaval, 91, 96 n, 134-135,
188 n, 192-201 ; Tynemouth, 35 n, 38 n, 322.

Coward, Robert (1500), lease of hermitage, 1 20-1 21 ;
family of, 120 n, 121 n.

Cowell, William (circa 1470), marriage, 266.

Cowling, Jane (Rirkett) (1688), 279.

Cowpen TOWNSHIP, 302-347 ; ancient configuration
and roads, 304-305 ; prehistoric remains, 305-306 ;
tenure, 306-307 ; customs, 311, 322, 324 ; enclosure,
325-327 ; Tynemouth priory lands, 307, 309-313,
315' 3-i| 322-325 ; Brinkburn priory lands, 314-
315; Newminster priory lands, 318, 325; Basset's
lands, 318; Mitford's lands, 319, 332, 336; Har-
bottle's lands, 270, 287, 288, 321 n ; Vaux and
Widdrington's lands, 320-321, 336-337, 341 ; Blake-
den's lands, 287, 289 ; Thoroton and Croft estate,
328-331, 360-362 ; Purvis and Errington property,
300, 332, 334 ; Sidney ]>roperty, 334, 336-34' \
manor bouse, 328 ; Cowpen hall, 341 ; mills, 311 n,
312 n, 314-315. 317, 331-332, 342 ; salt pans, 223.
226, 272, 287 n, 312, 314, 321 n, 325, 327, 353;
coal mining, 223-230, 234-243, 312, 324 n, 326, 360,
374 ; shipbuilding, 369 ; chemical works, 369 ;
bottle works, 370 ; tithes, 278, 282-283 ; mission
chapel, 278; non-established churches, 365-366;
urban district, 367 ; schools, 367-368 ; census re-
turns, 304 n.

Cowpen quay, 303, 331, 360-3O2, 369.

Cowpen Square, 303, 306, 331, 360.

Craig, James (1887), Presbyterian minister, 365 ;
Thomas (1786), Presbyterian minister, 365.

Cramavill, of Whalton, family of, 44 n ; Constance de
(1198), grant of Burradon, 44; grant of Horton
and Hartford, 244, 285 ; Robert de (1204), 44 n,
244, 285 ; Walran de (thirteenth century), 372.

Cramlington chapelry, I, 72, 222, 277 ; Walter, chaplain
of (1267), 248 n ; William, chaplain of (thirteenth
century), 254 n. See also Leighton, Dickinson,
Birkett, Potter, VVarkman.

Cramlington coal company, 241-242.

Cramlington township, in EUingham barony, 97, 98 n ;
moiety settled on Adam of Jesmond, 99 ; moiety
leased to Thomas de Castre, 249 ; Trewick estate,
102 ; Stickley estate, 255 ; minor properties, 255,
260 n, 264 and n, 270.

Cramlington of Cramlington, Agnes (Lawson, Har-
bottle) (d. 1466), 266 ; Alice (Basset) (1345), 3I9 ;
John (1402), witness, 321 n ; Richard (1306), heir
to moiety of Jesmond, 255 ; witness, 254 n ; Richard
(2) (1371-1383), witness, 68 n, 207 n ; Roger (circa
1280), witness, 256 n ; William (1377-1402), 64 n ;
witness, 286 n, 321 n.

INDEX.

383

Cramlins:;ton of Ncwsluim, accoutU of family, 209-214,

218-221 ; pedigree, 215-217, xii ; evidences of, 217-

218; George (d. 1551), marriage, 294; will, 217;

Lamwell (1550), of Blyth-snook, 211, 349;

Lancelot, of Blyth-snook (d. 1602), 212-214, 35°!

marriage, 213, 294; Delaval lawsuit, 354-355;

Lancelot (2), of Earsdon (d. 1720), 11; buys

West Hartford, 290 ; marriage, 291 ; Mary (Ogle)

(m. 1645), 52; Philip (1693), 218; recusant, 17;

Thomas (d. 1573), marriage, 169, 211 ; Thomas

(2) (d. 1624), marriage settlement, 217-218;

Delaval lawsuit, 353-355 ; Thomas (3) (1663),

recusant, 17.
Craster, Edmund (1470), 151 n ; Edmund (circa 1580),

marriage, 67.
Crawford, Jane (Hodgson) (d. 1865), 333.
Cresswell, Alexander (1383), witness, 207 11 ; Jane

(Bates) (1525), 86; John (13S6), property in

Newsham, 207 n.
Croft, C. (1845), Roman Catholic priest at Cowpen,

366 ; J. (1295), witness, 309 n ; Robert (d. 183 1),

marriage, 330 ; Stephen (I795)' partner in Cowpen

colliery, 234, 237.
Crofton, near Blyth, 235, 304, 331, 348, 360, 364 ; salt

pans at, 357 n ; mills, 332.
Cromwell, Margaret (Monboucher) (1409), 261.
Crosby, Eleanor (nee Selby) (1622), 176.
Crow, Patrick (1688), 2S4 n ; family, 20 ; Sarah (nee

Sidney) (eighteenth century), 339.
Cruddas, George (1854), colliery owner, 240.
Cullercoats, salt pans at, 233, 357 n ; member of port

of Newcastle, 358 n.
Curtays, John (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.
Curwen, Sir Patrick (1622), marriage, 176.
Cuthbert, William (1858), colliery owner, 241.
Cutheard, bishop of Durham (899-915), 222.

Dacre, Lord, of the South. See Fynes.

Dacre, Leonard (1570), rebel, 84; Sir Philip, of Mor-
peth (1534), marriage, 82, 169 ; of Seaton Delaval,
188 n ; dispute with Sir John Delaval, 82-83 ; rents
Blyth salt pans, 350 n ; Richard, constable of Mor-
peth (1547), marriage, 256 ; Thomas, Lord Dacre
(1518), guardian of John Delaval, 82-83 ; William,
Lord Dacre, 82 n.

Dacres, Joseph, curate of Earsdon (1666), 15.

Daglish, Cuthbert (1588), tenant of Seaton Delaval,
197 n.

Dale,An)ic (Delaval, Dale) (i75o),l74 ; Jane (Fenwick)
(1844), 13; John, of Bishopwearmouth (1728), mar-
riage, 174; Peter, of North Shields (1857), mar-
riage, 13.

Dalston, Charles, of Earsdon (A. 1742), family of, 6
and n.

Dalton in Stamfordham, tithes of, 83 ; Fenwick pro-
perty in, 338.

Dalton Gales, co. York, 251, 270.

Dalton Ryle, CO. York., 252.

Dalton, Richard de (1240), land in Seaton Delaval,
190 n ; witness, 254 n ; Walter de (circa 1261),
witness, 248 n.

Darby, Louisa (Sidney) (1832), 339.

Darewell burn, in Cowpen, 304, 325, 334.

Darling, Margaret (Taylor) (d. 1830), 9 ; William, of
Netherton (1826), resident in Blyth, 362.

Darreyns, Sir Robert (l339), witness, 37 n.

Daudry, Gilbert (1315), tenant of Cowpen mill, 311 n.

Davidson, Catherine (Charlton) (d. 1827), 346.

Davis, Thomas, of Waterloo (1826), resident in Blyth,
362.

Davison, Thomas (1850), colliery owner, 239.

Dawson, Anne (Fenwick) (1766), 12.

Debord, Henry, of Cowpen Quay (1826), resident in
Blyth, 362.

Deckham, Edward, of Gateshead (1614), lands in Back-
worth, 40 n.

Delaval parish, 24, 189.

Delaval, New, 133, 203, 244, 304.

Delaval of Seaton Delaval, historical account of familj',
135-165 ; pedigree, 167-175, xii; evidences, 175-177;
heraldry, 165-166, 177, 181, 185-1S6; family por-
traits, 177.

Delaval, Alice (Whitchester, Manners) (d. 1402), 144-
146, xii ; Anne (Cramlington, Lewin) (1573), 212,
215, 21S ; Anthony (1499), witness, 342 n; Anthony
(2) (1568), 175 ; tenant in Seaton Delaval, 201 ;
Barbara (Watson) (circa 1600), 15 ; Christiana,
wife of Sir Eustace (1258), 167 ; dower lands, 77-
78, 100 n ; Clement (d. 1607), named in family
settlement, 175 ; farm in Backworth. 40 n ; lease of
Cowpen crown lands, 323 ; murder of Thomas
Widdrington, 155 ; Edward, of Tynemouth (circa
1560), marriage, 212, 215, 294 ; Edward (2) (1595),
tenant in Seaton Delaval, 91, 20I ; named in family
settlement, 175 ; Edward (3), of Bebside (1618-
1658), marriage, 294, 295 ; tenant of Bebside, 228,
229 ; owner of Cowpen tithes, 282 ; lands in
Cowpen, 32S ; Edward (4), of Dissington (d. 1744),

384

INDEX.

interest in Ihirtley, 128 ; Edw;ud (5), of Dodding-
lon (d. 1814), 132, 165 ; Elizabeth (Horsley)
(1423), marriage settlement, 147-148, 208, 211, 349;
Sir Eustace (d. 1258), 141 ; |irnperty in Holywell,
77, 138; in Hartley, 100; witness, 254 n ; Francis
Blake (d. 1752), 163-164; completes Seaton Delaval
hall, 179-180; settlement of estates, 128; Sir
Francis Blake (d. 1771), 128, 130 n, 164; George,
of Benwell (1391), 64 n ; George (2), of Seaton
Delaval (d. 1514), 82; George (3), Admiral (d.
1723), purchases Delaval estates, 128, 163, 232 ;
builds Seaton Delaval hall, 179 ; Gilbert (d. 1229),
138-141, 316; cartel of 1166, 137 n; agreement
with Edwulf of Holywell, 73 ^ud n ; agreement
with Adam de Neusum, 204 and n, 349 ; lands in
Holywell, 75i 77 ! grant to Brinkburn priory, 206 ;
lawsuits and compositions, 75, 99, 203, 317 ; Guy
(1514), 244 n ; Sir Henry (d. 1270), 14I-142 ; lands
in Holywell, 77 ; in Hartley, 100 n ; in Newsham, xii,
206; endowment of Seaton Delaval chantry, 188;
witness, 254 n ; Sir Henry (2) (d. 1388), 144, 146 ;
claims Newsham, xii ; proof of age, 187 ; witness,
207 n; Henry (3), of Callerton (1591), 124 n;
attack upon, 155 ; Henry (4), of Cowpen (d. 1668),
owner of Cowpen tithes, 282 ; Hugh (fitz Roger)
(d. I165); family connexions, 13S, 316; grant of
free warren, 73, 77, 194 ; Sir Hugh, of Newsham
(d. 1302) ; grant of Newsham to, xii, 206 ; witness,
245, 252 n, 256 n, 260 n ; seal, 165 ; James (alias
Horsley) (1446-1492), heir to Delaval estates, 145,
149-153, 208; grant of Newsham, 209, 211 ; seal,
166; Jane (Mitford) (1561), 65; Jane (Mitford)
(2), (1615), 56; Joan, wife of Sir Henry, see
Goldesburgh ; John, of Newsham (d. 1455), 64 n ;
marriage settlement, 207 ; inherits Benwell, 147 ;
lawsuits, xii, 144 ; entails Newsham, 148-149, 20S,
211, 349; grants Newsham to Cramlington, 209-
210; arms, 165; John (2), of Seaton Delaval (d.
1498), 82 ; marriage negotiations, 152-153 ; lease
of hermitage, 120-121 ; grant of Horsley and
Dukesfield, 210, 211 ; Sir John (3), of Seaton
Delaval (d. 1562), character of, 154; dispute with
Sir Philip Dacre, 82-83 \ abandons claim to New-
sham, xii, 210-211 ; indenture with Halls of Redes-
dale, 154; leases of monastic lands, 15, 123; will,
188 n ; arms, 165 ; Sir John (4), of Dissington (d.
1652), 91, 123 n, 158 ; arms, 166 n ; Sir John (5),
third baronet (d. 1729), lawsuit with Sir Edward
Blackett, 133 n, 162-163 ; sells Seaton Delaval and
Horton, 163, 274 ; retains Hartley, 127-128 ; 17,

231 ; Sir John Hussey, Lord Delaval (d. 1808),
estates, 128, 132, 164; commercial enterprise at
Seaton Sluice, 128-131 ; buildings, 182 ; dedication
to, 365 n ; Joshua (d. 1614), 91, 155 ; named in
family settlement, 175 ; report on evicted tenants,
69, 124, 201, 323 ; Katharine (Selby) (1304), 56,
58, 59, 62 n ; Margaret (Bowes) (d. 1652), 328,
330 ; Margaret (Robinson) (1694), tenant in New-
sham, 220 n; Margery (Smytheton) (d. 1311),
142; settles Biddleston on Walter de Selby, 58;
property in Hartley, loi ; Mary (Mitford, Grey)
(d. 1651), 66, 328 ; Peter (d. 161 1), gi, 155 ; named
in family settlement, 175 ; lease of Cowpen crown
lands, 323, 325 ; works Cowpen coal mines and salt
pans, 225-226, 272, 353 ; Ralph, of Tynemouth
(d. 1609), 155; named in family settlement, 175;
lease of Cowpen crown lands, 323 ; deposes as to
method of husbandry, 324 ; Sir Ralph (2), of
Seaton Delaval (d. 1628), character, 157-158 ; mar-
riage settlement, 175, 274; Hartley lands, 123 n;
Cowpen lands, 325-328; lawsuits, 91-92 ; leases,
199 n; building operations, 178-179, 189, 199;
farm stock, 118 n, 125, 202 ; manorial servants,
125 n, 19S ; extracts from estate books, 92 n, 112 n,
125 n, 193 n ; settlement of estates, 158-159; will,
176-177 ; funeral, 186 n ; funeral certificate, 166,
177; Sir Ralph (3), first baronet (d. 1691), 159-162,
130 n; sells Cowpen lands and tithes, 282, 329;
forms Seaton Sluice, 126-127 ; parochial concerns,
15, 16, 23, 189 n ; Robert (d. 1297), 142 ; proof of
age, 187; lawsuits, 103, 199; witness, 279; seal,
165 ; Sir Robert (2), of Seaton Delaval (d. 1353),
142-144, 187 n ; witness, 37 n, 38 n, 62 n, 264 n ;
settlements of estates, xii, 64, loi, 143-146, 207-208 ;
Robert (3) (1346), forfeits lands in Newsham. 207 ;
Sir Robert (4), of Newsham (1383), 64 n; New-
sham settled on, 144, 207, xii ; witness, 68 n ;
family, xii ; Robert (5) (1499), 244 n ; grant to,
271 n ; witness, 342 n ; Sir Robert (6), of Seaton
Delaval (d. 1607), consolidates Hartley estate, 96,
122-124, 125 "i 201 ; buys Horton, 159, 271 ; buys
Cowpen crown lands, 318, 325 ; buys moiety of
Tynemouth rectory, 282 ; leases Newsham lands,
213 n ; salt pans, IlS, 225, 351-355 ; leases, 118 n,
193 n ; indentures with the Halls and Frissells,
155-157 ; lawsuit with Cuthbert Bates, 91 ; will and
inventory, 178, 328 ; Robert (7), of Cowpen, 123 n ;
Cowpen property, 328, 332, 353 ; water mill, 331 ;
Thomas (1391), 64 n ; Thomas (2), tenant in Seaton
Delaval (1568), 201 ; Thomas (3), of Hetton-le-Hole

INDEX.

385

(d. 1(363), interest in Cowpen, 32S, 329 ; memoir of
Sir Ralph Delaval, 158, 178-179, 189, 202; extracts
from manuscript collections, 125 n, 159 n, 175-176,
198, 199; Thomas (4) (d. 1787), directs trade of
Seaton Sluice, 129-132 ; Walter (1323), tenant in
Newsham, 207 ; witness, 35 n ; Sir William, of
Callerton (d. 1350), estates entailed on, loi, 142-
143, 146 ; Sir William (2), of Benwell (1 351), Ben-
well settled upon, 64, 143, 147 ; buys Seghill, 64 ;
co-heir of Eslington, 64 ; tenant in remainder of
Newsham, 208 ; witness, 207 n ; William (3), of
Benwell (1387), 64 n, 68 ; William (4), of Seghill
(1421), 55 n, 68, 147 ; arms, 165.

Dennand. See Dinning.

Denton, Vaux property in, 320 n.

Denton, Walter, curate of Earsdon, (i^SG), 15.

Denum, William de, chancellor of Durham (131 7), 109 n,
373.

Derwentwater, earl of. See Radcliffe.

Deshoques, F. L. (18 11'), Roman Catholic priest at
Cowpen, 366.

Devereux, Henry, of Bordeaux (1778), marriage, 174.

Dickinson, John (1665), curate of Horton, 279.

Dilston barony, 136 n.

Dilston, Thomas de (1270), witness, 245.

Dinning of Backworth, family of, 39 ; George, of Mur.
ton (1628), marriage, 52 ; James, of Backworth
(1658), 23, 40.

Dinnington, Delaval property in, 169.

Dinorben, viscount. See Hughes.

Dissington, North, member of Delaval barony, 136, 167 ;
castle ward rents, 137 n ; valuations, 146 n, 159 n ;
court rolls, 195 ; tithes, 83 ; claims for lands in, 99,
204 ; descent of manor, xii, 143, 144, 145, 147,
151 n, 152, 158, 168, 172.

Dissington, South, granted to Tynemouth, 136; Dela-
val property, 172 ; sold, 164.

Dixon, John (1861), partner in Bedlington ironworks,
302 and n ; Thomas (1661), curate of Horton, 20,
189 n, 279.

Dobie, Thomas, of Tanheld (1S26), resident in BIyth,
362.

Dobson, Anne (Watts) (17S1), 344 ; Christopher (circa
1603), marriage, 216.

Dockwray, family of, property in Cowpen, 345-347 ;
Elizabeth (Harbottle) (1754), 347 ; Mary (Charl-
ton) (1756), 346; Thomas, vicar of Tj-nemouth
(1716), 17.

Dodding, Charles (15S9), purchases Tj'nemouth rectory,
282.

Vol. IX.

Doddington, fleton property in, 113.

Doddington Pigot, co. Lincoln, Delaval property, 164,

173 ; family portraits at, 177.
Douglas, Sir James (1318), captures Berwick, 59 ;

Robert (1737), lessee of Cowpen colliery, 230.
Doughty, Elizabeth (Bates) (d. 1694), 90, 373.
Doune, Alice (1290), lands in Burradon, 50.
Downing, Edmund (1589), purchases Tj'nemouth rec

tory, 2S2.
Doxfoid, Gaugy lands, 97.
Doxford, Robert (1439), 268.
Drew, George, of Louth (nineteenth century), 333.
Dromgoole, Peter (1862), Roman Catholic priest, 367.
Dryden, Thomas, of Seaton Sluice (1826), resident in

Blyth, 362.
Dudden, John de (1302), seneschal of Tynemouth,

witness, 26 n, 258 n, 279.
Dudley, Ambrose (1595), lessee of Cowpen coal mines,

225.
Dukesfield, in Slaley, Delaval property, 141 ; settle-
ments of, 142, :44, 153, 167; legal proceedings

relating to, xii, 145, 146 ; granted to Widdrington,

210.
Duket, Richard (1227) itinerant justice, 247 n.
Dumar, Engelram de {ciica 1200), witness, 49 n.
Dunford, Michael, of East Cramlington (m. 1720), 21.
Dunham, Richard de. See Tynemouth, priors of.
Dunstanburgh castle, 265.
Durham, bishops of. See Cutheard, Flambard, Pudsey,

Marisco, Kirkham, Insula, Bek, Beaumont.
Durham priory, grant to, 97.

Eachwick, moiety granted to Hexham, 137 ; Gilbert
Delaval's lands in, 167, 317 ; Basset's lands, 286,
318-319.

Earsdon chapelry, extent of, 2 ; TOWNSHIP, 2-14 ;
custumal, 3 ; enclosure, 4-5 ; tower, 8 ; urban
district, 14 ; census returns, 2 n ; chapel, 14-24 ;
ancient glass in, 19; list of ministers, 15-16; ex-
tracts from registers, 20-21, 22 n, 120 n, 189;
extracts from church books, xi, 16-1S, 22-24 ; rents
paid to, 82 n ; charities, 22 ; school, 22.

Earsdon, Robert de (circa 1200), witness, 49 n.

Easington, Peter de (1339), witness, 277 n.

Edley, Richard, of Holywell (1662), 23.

Edlingham, vicar of. See Stikehwe.

Edward 1., at Horton, 257, 258.

Eggleff, Roger de (1190), witness, 74 n.

Eilte, William, tenant in Earsdon (1294), 3 n.

386

INDEX.

Eland, Peter de (1310), witness, 260 n.
Eldred, John (161 1), grant of crown lands in Hartley,
123 n.

Elford, Harbottle lands in, 270.

EUerby, William, of Newcastle (1419), 68, 147 ;
marriage, 168.

Ellingham, early descent of barony, 97-99 ; Harbottle
property in, 265, 267, 270.

Ellington, Hugh de (d. 1180), holds moiety of Elling-
ham barony, 97-99.

Elliot, Sir G. W., marriage, 9 ; Henrietta (Ta)dor)
(d. 1903), 9 ; John, rector of Whalton (1S43'),
marriage, 88, 94 ; Robert (1681), churchwarden of
Earsdon, 24.

Ellison, Anne (Bates) (d. 1837), 88 ; John, vicar of
Bedlington (1719), marriage, 90, 373; Robert
(eighteenth century), marriage, 12 ; Sarah (Bates)
(d. 1852), 88.

Elmeden, William de (139O, marriage, 168.

Elmet, Robert (1425), tenant in Hawkwell, 148 n.

Elsden, Thomas, of Elsdon Mote (1536), 154.

Elsdon, affray at, 1 55.

Elsintun, William de (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Elswick, manor granted to Tynemouth, 307 ; Mon-
boucher lands in, 264 ; Orde lands in, 46 ; Scot
lands in, 37.

Elwick, CO. Durham, tithes, 158, 175.

Embleton, Harbottle lands in, 264, 270 ; William, clerk
of {circa 1200), witness, 49 n.

Embleton, John, of Earsdon (1743), marriage, 333.

Emeldon, Agnes de (Graper), 45 ; Richard de (d. 1336),
besieges Horton. 59, 109 ; acquires Jesmond, 102 n ;
inheritance of, 264.

Emerson, Mary (Huddleston, Sandford) (1695),
charge on Newsham estate, 219 and n, 221 ;
Thomas (1605), Crown grantee of Hartford, 289 I
Thomas, of Newcastle (i6go), marriage, xi.

Enclosures, in Backworth, 40 ; Cowpen, 325-327 ;
Earsdon, 4-5 ; Hartley, 124; Horton, 273 ; Seaton
Delaval, 201 ; Seghill, 69.

Errington, of Newsham, entries relating to family of,
219 n.

Errington, Benedict (1701), farmhold in Cowpen, 334 ;
family of, 334 n; Charles, of Mount Greenwich
(1796), marriage, 89 ; David (1636), leases Cowpen
coal mines, 230 ; Dorothy (Bates) (d. 1663), mar-
riage, 87 ; recusancy, 17 ; Edward, of Butterley
(1562), marriage, 169 ; George, of Gray's Inn
(1699), lessee of Plessey colliery, 17, 231 and n ;
Gilbert, of Woolsington (1572), marriage, 169;

John (d. 1434), inherits \'aux estates, 321 ; John, of
Bedlington (d. 1733), marriage, 296; 'Madame'
(1 7 1 5), tenant of Newsham hall, 220 n ; Mark
(1619). 326; Ralph, of Cowpen house (1802),
marriage, 334, 335 ; family of, 281 ; Thomas,
(1717), 219; Thomas, of Canada (1854), sells
Cowpen property, 334 ; William, of Walwick
grange (circa 1 660), marriage, xi.

Escolland, Jordan (1180), 319.

Eshe, John (1478), witness, 268.

Eslington, Christiana de (Delaval) (d. 1364), 64, 168 ;
William de (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Essex, earl of (1 166), itinerant justice, 98.

Essingden, John de (1310), witness, 260 n ; Sir Ralph
de (thirteenth century), witness, 256 n, 279.

Ester, Adam (1295), tenant in Earsdon, 3.

Etal tithes, 277.

Etona, Gilbert de (circa 1 180), witness, 309 n.

Eure, John de, implicated in Middleton's rebellion, 60,
61 n, 108-109.

Everle, William de (thirteenth century), witness, 254 n.

Ewing, Alexander (1884), minister in Cowpen, 365.

Eylond, John de, chaplain (1391), 64 n.

Eyre, Henry (1294), Earsdon tallage roll, 3 n.

Fairchild, William (thirteenth century), tenant in

Horton, 244 n, 256 n.
Farkap, John (1717), tenant in Newsham, 220.
' Farms,' method of voting by, 21 ; assessment on, for

church rate, 16, 18, 24 ; number of, in Burradon, 53 ;

in Hartley and Seaton Delaval, 133 n ; in Holywell,

85 n ; in Seghill, 69 n.
Farrant, Lawrence (1885), Roman Catholic priest at

Cowpen, 366.
Farringdon, Lawrence, rector of Sherburne (1724),

marriage, 90, 373.
Faudun, William de (1270), witness, 245.
Faukes, of West Backworth, family of, 34-36 ; Henry

(1310), 34-35 ; witness, 38 n, 62 n ; Nicholas (1296),

34 ; Backworth subsidy roll, 33 ; witness, 26 n.
Fawcett, John, of Newton hall (1795), marriage, 88.
Fawcus, Roger, of Bedlington (1744), marriage, 333.
Featherstonhaugh, Thomas de (circa 1288), 251.
Felaw, Robert (1312), Hartley subsidy roll, 105.
Felling, co. Durham, history of Selby connexion with,

55, 59-61-
Felton, Alice de (Delaval) (1353), 142, 168 ; Hamo de
(1318), rector of Litcham in Norfolk, logn; Johnde
(1318), constable of Newcastle, 59 n ; constable of

INDEX.

387

Alnwick, no; Sir John de (13.S9), Oijn, 144; Sir
William de (1292), guardian of Gilbert de Middle-
ton, 104, 106; constable of Bamburgh, no;
William de (2) (1317), captor of Gilbert de Middle-
ton, no-iii.

Fenton, John. See Cawthorne.

Fenwick of Blagdon, Lionel (1627), owner of West
Hartford, 289-290 ; Lionel (2) (aVra 1670), owns
farm in Cowpen, 337 ; William (1587), marriage,
86; trustee, 217; William (2) (^circa 1690), sells
Cowpen farm, 337.

Fenwick of Earsdon, pedigree, 12-13, xi ; account of
family, 13-14 ; Nicholas Fenwick (d. 1725), acquires
property in Earsdon, 13 ; in Backworth, 43 ; in
Holywell, 94.

Fenwick of Fenwick, Alan de (1339), witness, 37 n ;
Sir John de (1339), witness, 37 n ; John de (i4n),

51 n ; Robert de (1358), lands in Cowpen, 321 n ;
witness, 320 n ; Thomas de (i) (1270), witness,
245 ; Thomas de (2) (1323), witness, 35 n, 37 n,
264 n ; Thomas de (3) (1362), witness, 320 n ;
Thomas de (4) (1470), 151 n.

Fenwick of Kenton, family of, 337-338 ; Magdalen
(Mitford) (1566), 65, 68 ; Margaret (Ogle) (1603),

52 ; Martin (1619), party to division of Cowpen
fields, 325-327, 338 ; Tristram (l6ig), party to
division of Cowpen fields, 325-327, 338.

Fenwick of Stanton, John (1539), freehold in Cowpen,
321 and n ; Sir Ralph (1528), 269 ; Richard (1568),
freehold in Cowpen, 321 n ; Sir Roger (circa 1500),
marriage, 266.

Fenwick (unclassified), Ann (Potts), (d. 17 19), 341 n ;
Annie, of Wimbledon (Fenwick) (nineteenth cen-
tury), 13; Anthony (1538), farms Bebside, 293;
Barbara (1622), 176; Cuthbert, of Newcastle
(1726), marriage, 90, 373 ; Eliza, of North Shields
(Taylor) (d. 1845), 8 ; Grace (Collinson), of Tyne-
mouth (1649), 20; John (1538), tenant of Bebside,
293 ; John (1576), 213 n ; John, of Wimbledon
(1838), marriage, 13; Martin, of Brenkley (circa
1610), marriage, 87 ; Lady Margaret (1622), 176;
Ralph (1652), marriage, 66 ; Randall (1595), tenant
in Horton, 273; William, of Bitchfield (1554),
marriage, 169, 177-

Fenwick-Clennel. See P'enwick of Earsdon.

Fielding, Charles (d. 1746), marriage, 296 ; family of,
280, 297 n ; ftLary (Ward) (d. 1790), 297.

Fife, Edward (1579), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 196,
201 ; Robert (1578), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 196.

Finch, William, of Eton, marriage, 344.

Fisheries, 15, 104, n8, 349-350i 354. 358i 37°-

Fishers' ford. See Salter's ford.

Fishers' road, 25, 284.

Fitch, Thomas (1637), marriage, 170.

Fitton, Sir Edward, of Gawsworth (d. 1556), marriage,

266; partition of Harbottle lands, 269-270; Sir

Edward (1595), sells Horton estate, 271, 273 ;

Francis (1598), 125 n, 271, 272.
I""itz Gilbert, Walter. See Bolam.
Fitz Hugh, John (1214), freeholder in Cowpen, 139,

314-317 ; Roger (ng6), freeholder in Cowpen, 314-

316 ; Roger (2) (1210), owner of Coniscliffe, 315 n.
Fitz Hugh of Ravenswath, family of, landowners in

Holywell, 80-81, 83, 84.
Fitz John, Eustace (1234), lands in Cowpen, 317; in

Bebside, 293 n.
Fitz John, Eustace. See Vescy.
Fitz Mayor, Nicholas. See Scot.
Fitz Robert, John. See Warkworth.
Fitz Roger, Hugh, see Delaval; Ralph (n56), of

Rugley, 315 ; Robert, see Warkworth.
Fitz WiUiam, Ralph,'i« Greystoke ; Walter,«« Whalton.
Flambard, Ralph, bishop of Durham (l099-n28), 54 n,

136 n.
Flatworth, 70 ; mill, 34, 36, 38.
Flane, Alan (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310; John

(1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310; John, son of .Alan

(1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310; Richard (1323),

tenant in Cowpen, 310 ; Horton subsidy roll (1336),

263 n ; Walter (1296), Cowpen subsidy roll, 310.
Fletcher, Lucy (Bowes) (d. 1683), 330; William

(1717), marriage, 294.
Fogard, Isabel (1538), tenant in Cowpen, 313.
Foljambe, Margaret (Monboucher, Cockfield) (d. 1464),

261.
Forbes, John (1752), marriage, 329, 330.
Ford, rectors of, see Warkman ; estate, owned by Dela-

vals, 128, 161-162 ; castle, portraits at, 177.
Forster, George Baker (1858), colliery owner, 241 ;

Isabella (Cramlington) (circa 1648), 2l6 ; James,

of Seghill (16S9), 20 ; Sir John, of Bamburgh

(1573)1 1-3 " ' M. (1904), gift of church plate, 280;

Thomas, of Adderstone (1470), 151 n; Thomas

Emerson (1858), colliery owner, 241.
Fowle, .Anne (Wanley) (1760), 330.
Fo.\neys, William (1452), tenant in Holywell, 80.
Framlington, Long, Earsdon glebe in, 18.
Framlington, Sir William de (1278), acquires manor of

Cramlington, 255 ; witness, 279.
Eraser, Hugh, master of Lovat, marriage, 171.

388

INDEX.

I" launch, John (1512), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 195,

196 n.
Frecheville, Anker, of Staveley (fourteenth century),

marriage, 261.
Kreman, William (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 311.
Frere, Nicholas (1296 and 1312), Hartley subsidy roll,

105 ; Ralph (1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105 ;

William (1330), tenant in Hackworth, 38.
Frissell, Thomas, of F-urelon (1597), indenture with

Delaval family, 156-157.
Fulthorpe, Roger (1410), marriage, 145 ; lawsuits,

117 n, xii ; Thomas (1424), justice, 268.
Furth, Agnes de (Bates) {ciica 1420), 86 ; Margaret

de, of North Seton, 86.
Fynes, Gregory, lord Dacre of the south (1568), owns

moiety of Holywell, 81 ; Sir John, of Hurstmonceaux

(1512), marriage, 81.

Gallon, Robert (1551), witness, 217.

Galon (1166), holds fee in Gaugy barony, 97-98.

Gardiner, Ralph (1648), marriage, 20.

Garrett, Gawin (1573), tenant in Hartley, 122.

Gascoigne, William (1408), chief justice, 144.

Gategang, Henry (thirteenth century), vicar of Tyne-

mouth, 187.
Gatty and Waller, Messrs., colliery owners in Bedling-

ton, 234.
Gaugy barony, j*'^ Ellingham ; account of famil)^ 97-99i

102-103.
Gauselin (1317), Roman cardinal, 107.
Gavaron, Emma (Bates) (i860), 89.
Gibson, A. G. E. (189S), minister at BIyth, 366 ;

Barbara (Watts) (d. 1758), 344; John (1568),

tenant in Seaton Delaval, 201 ; Thomas (1546),

tenant in Holywell, 83.
Giles, Stanislaus (1S76), Roman Catholic priest at

Cowpen, 366.
Gisborough, John, prior of (1478), 268.
Glanteley, Robert de (circa 1204), witness, 44 n.
Glanton, John de (1377), lands in Hartford, 286 ;

Robert de (1217), pardon, I40 n.
Godibur, Thomas (1296), Holj^well subsidy roll, 78.
Gofton, John (1649), copyholder in Earsdon, 5 ;

Joshua, of Newcastle (167 1), copyholder in Ears-
don, 10.
Goldesburgh, Joan (Delaval, Elmeden) (d. 1432), 168;

dower and lawsuits, loi, 144-147, xii ; Sir Richard

(1403), husband of above, 168.
Goodyer, Mary (Delaval) (d. 1683), 171.

Gordon, Michael (1828), colliery owner, 240; Thomas

(1854), colliery owner, 240.
Gore, Gerrard, of Shillinglee (1664), interest in Cowpen

farm, 345.
Gosebek, Richard de (d. 1281), lord of Bolam, 307 n.
Gosforth, early descent of manor, 44 n ; curates of,

see Leighton, Greenhow, Maddison.
Gould, Richard, curate of Earsdon (i86g), 16.
Gowen, Thomas, of Shadfen (1780), marriage, 7.
Graffard, lands granted to Tynemouth priory, 54 ;

Walter (l) (circa 1120), grant of Seghill to, 54;

Walter (2) (1221), witness, 55, 204 n.
Graham, Charles, of York (1853), marriage, 333.
Gramavill. See Cramavill.
Graper, family of, owners of Burradon, 45 ; Peter

(1312), Burradon subsidy roll, 50.
Gray, .'\gnes (1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105 ; John,

of Newcastle (1797), manager of Cowpen colliery,

236; Richard, of Gringley (1600), claims lands in

West Hartford, 287; Robert (1588), tenant in

Seaton Delaval, 197 n ; Robert, of Blyth (d. 1832),

362 ; family of, monumental inscription, 364 ;
William (1564), tenant in Cowpen, 322. See a/so
Grey.

Green, Nathaniel, of Preston (1750), marriage, 296.
Greene, Margaret (Ogle) (1711), 21 ; Mary (nee Selby)

(1622), 176 ; William, of Hartley, burial (1724), 189.
Greenhow, Edward, curate of Earsdon (18S1), i5.
Greenwell, William (d. 1906), curate of Horton, 280 ;

chaplain of Blyth, 363, 367.
Greenwood, Robert (d. 1859), chaplain of Blyth, 220 n,

363 ; family of, 364.

Gregory, Ralph, of Cowpen (juay (1S26), resident in
Blyth, 362.

' Greling,' land in, claimed by Adam de Gaugy, 99.

Grenville, family of, lords of Ellingham, 97-99 ; William
de (d. 1 162), 97 ; witness, 44 n.

Grey, of Backworth, account of family, 40-43 ; pedigree,
41-42, xi ; property in Earsdon, 14; in Holywell,
94 ; William (d. 1714), charity, 22.

Grey, of Wark, Horton, Chillingham, Morpeth, Bitch-
field, Bradford, etc. : Anne (Delaval, Hopton,
Dacre) (1507), 82, 169 ; Sir .Arthur, of Spindleston
(d. 1636), 176; leases Newsham hall, 213-214;
Dorothy (Delaval) (1572), 169; Sir Edward, of
Morpeth (d. 1631), 155, 175 ; Edward (2), of Mor-
peth (d. 165S), buys West Hartford, 290 ; Edward
(3), of Ulgham grange and Cowpen, 328; marriage,
66, 171 ; Elizabeth (Whitchester, Widdrington) (d.
1454), 145, 147 ; Henry, of Bitchfield (1681)

INDEX.

389

claims Wesl Hartford, 290 ; Lionel, of WeeUvood
(1536), 210; Margaret (Delaval) (d. 1709), 172;
Mary (Riddell; (1655), 290 ; Sir Ralph, of Chil-
lingham (d. 1623), 175, 176 ; leases Blyth salt
pans, 351 ; Ralph, of Bradford (1653), interest in
Cowpen lands, 329 ; Sir Roger, of Oulchester (d.
1642), 176 ; Sir Thomas, of Wark (fourteenth cen-
tury), Scalachronica quoted, 63 n, io5, 258 n; Sir
Thomas, of Horton (1547), $2 ; leases Blyth salt
pans, 225, 351.

Grey (unclassified), Dorothy (1663), rated for Holywell,
94; Elizabeth (Lewin) (1680), 20 ; Isabel (Mitford)
(1592), 68 ; Robert, of Newcastle {circa 1700),
marriage, 41 ; William, of Newcastle (1649), Choro-
graphia quoted, 228 ; William (1679), 20.

Greystoke, arms quartered by Delavals, 166, 177 ;
Margaret de (Delaval) (circa 1308), 167 ; Ralpli
fitz William, baron of (1318), 60, 61 n.

Gripedale, John (1304), lands in Cowpen, 318 n.

Grome, William (1312), Hartley subsidy roll, 105.

Gubbe, William, of Tynemouth (1323), tenant in
Cowpen, 312 n.

Gubiun, Sir Hugh (circa 1300), witness, 260 n.

Gull, Adam (1296), tenant in Backworth, 33 ; Henry
(1294), tenant in F.arsdon, 3 n.

Gunman, James, of Dover (1805), marriage, 173 ;
Sarah, portrait, 1 77.

Guynyard, Henrietta (Sidney), eighteenth century,
339-

Haber, William (1565), grant of Bebside to, 293.

Hagman, Adam (141 3), 148 n.

Haigh, Thomas (1585), curate of Horton, 279.

Haliwell, of Holywell, family of, 73-76, 79 ; Arnald
(1312), Holywell subsidy roll, 78 ; Reginald (1312),
Holywell subsidy roll, 78 ; Roger (1219), 75-76 ;
witness, 204 n ; Roger (1336), Holywell subsidy
roll, 78 n ; Simon (1312), Seaton Delaval subsidy
roll, 190, igi ; Thomas (ciica 1290), 76 n, 78;
witness, 50 n, 254 n ; William (1408), 64 n ; lands
in Holywell, 81-82, 145.

Hall, Alexander, of Memmerkirk (1537), 154 ; (1591),
156; Alexander, of Woodhall (1591), 156; Sir
Alexander, of Elemore (circa 1625), 41 ; Barbara
(Calverley, Grey) (1625), 41, xi ; Edward, of
Whitley (eighteenth century), owner of Earsdon
farm, 10 ; Francis (1607), marriage, 289 ; Gabriel,
of Ottercaps (1591), 155 ! George, bishop of
Dromore (1811), 15 ; Henry, curate of Earsdon

(1892), 16; John (1582), freeholder in Holywell,
84; John (1568), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 201 ;
John, of Gressom field (1591), 156 ; John, of
Otterburn (1591), 155 > John, of Whitley (d. 1729),
21, 24 ; John, of Whitley (d. 1743), owner of Ears-
don farm, 9; Leonard (1578), curate of Earsdon,
15 ; chaplain of Seaton Delaval, 188 ; Mark (1746),
curate of Earsdon, 15, 18 ; Michael, of Memmerkirk
(1537). 154; Nicholas, of Eallalies (1591), 156;
Pereival, of Memmerkirk (1537), 154, 155 ; Ralph,
of Gressom (1591), 155; Robert (1570), tenant
in Seghill, 69; Roger, of Eallalies (1591), 156;
Thomas, of Brenshaw (1591), 155 i Thomas (1613),
tenant in Seaton Delaval, 197 n ; William, of
Keystres (1591), 156 ; William, of the Mote (1591),
156 ; William, of the Releys (1591), 156 ; William,
of Woodhall (1591), 155 ; William, master of
Newcastle grammar school, 15.

Halliden, Stephen, vicar of Stannington (1551), 217.

Hallywell, Arthur (1622), 176.

HalmJry, John, of Newcastle (1539), salt merchant,

351 "•

Halsall, David, curate of Earsdon (1672), 15, 24.

Halton, Sir John de (1252), collector of tallage, 142;
sheriff, 252 ; witness, 249 n.

Hamilton, William (1606), curate of Earsdon, 15.

Hammerton, Matthew, of Purston-Jaglin, West Riding
(circa 1 690), marriage, 216.

Hampstead, vicar of, Horton tithes paid to, 283.

Hampton Court, glass from, in Earsdon church, 19.

Hannay, of Blyth, pedigree, 343 ; Edmund (d. 1800),
shipbuilder, 360 ; buys Malvin's Close, 345 ; Mary
(Watts) (d. 1820), 344.

Hansard, Gilbert (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Hanvill, Gilbert de (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Harbottle, of Horton, pedigree, 266 ; evidences, 267-
268 ; of Horton demesne, pedigree, 272 ; of New-
castle, pedigree, 347.

Harbottle, Bertram (1423), witness, 149 ; Bertram (2)
(1439)1 marriage settlement, 268 ; Cuthbert (circa
1528), claims Harbottle property, 269 ; Eleanor
(Percy, Holland) (circa 1 528), leases salt pans and
coal mines, 224, 353 ; coheiress of Harbottle estate,
269 ; agreement for division of property, 270, 271 n ;
inherits lands in Hartford and Bebside, 2S7 ;
George (d. 1528), petition for deeds relating to
Horton, 244 n ; betrothal, manor of Horton settled
on, 268 ; freeholder in Cowpen, 321 ; Sir Guischard
(d. 1513), 244 n, 268, 2S6 ; John (1469), of Seaton
Delaval, 150; of Harehope, 151 n ; of Tynemouth,

390

INDEX.

152 ; Joliii, of CrowlR-Id (1561), crest, 271 ;
Magdalen (circa 1550), lenanl in West Hartford,
288; Mary (Fitton) (1528), coheiress of Harbottle
estates, 269; agreement for partition, 270, 271 n ;
Sir Ralph (l) (1500), 121 ; acquires land in
Horton, 342 ; Ralph (2) (1 576), rents salt pans
and coal mines, 224 ; lease of Horton lands,
273 n ; Randolph, of Guestling (sixteenth century),
crest, 271 n ; Robert (i), of Preston (d. 1419),
marriage, 116, 261, 264; account of, 265; Sir
Robert (2) of Horton (d. 1443), (1424) articles
before marriage, 267 ; settlement of lands, 268 ;
Robert (3) (1601), tenant in Horton, 273 ; Sampson
(circa 1550), leases farm in West Hartford, 288 ;
Thomas (l) (1472), vicar of Ponteland, witness,
150 n ; arbitrator, 152-153 ; Thomas (2), of Horton
demesne, 271 ; (155O rents salt pans at Cambois
ford, 224, 353 ; rents Cowpen property, farms
East Hartford and Bebside, 287 ; Thomas (3)
(1601), tenant in Horton, 227, 272, 273 ; William
(1840), property at Cowpen, 239, 347.

Harcus, William, of Waterloo (1826), resident in BIyth,
362.

Hardcastle, Sandford (1780), rector of Adel, Yorks,
marriage, 173.

Harding, of Hollinside, family of, lands in Burradon,
51 ; Richard (1493), marriage, 266; of Burradon,
51 ; Robert, of Newcastle (circa 1470), 152 ; Roger
(1539)1 freeholder in Cowpen, 321 ; Sampson (1389),
commissioner, 144 ; William (i) (1448), resident in
Cowpen, 321 n ; William (2), of Murton (d. 1689),
21.

Hardwayton, John de (thirteenth century), witness,

254 n-

Hardwicke, co. Durham, held by Walter de Selby, 58 n.

Harle, Little, property in, 290.

Haroppe, Gawen (circa 1570), tenant in Seghill, 69.

Harrington, Elizabeth (Bowes, Hickman) (d. 1732),
330-

Harrison, Adolphus Philip (1841), marriage, 13; Grace
(Charlton) (d. 1812), 346 ; James (1690), marriage,
175 ; John (1662), churchwarden of Earsdon, 23 ;
Ralph (1662), of Burradon, 23 ; Richard, of New-
castle (1750), marriage, 216.

Hartford bridge, I, 222, 284 ; hospital of, 284.

Hartford TOWNSHIPS, 283-291 ; tithes, 277, 278.

Hartford, East, boundaries, 243, 283 ; owned by the
lords of Horton, 243-244, 252 ; assigned to Eleanor
Percy, 270, 287 ; crown grant of, 288 ; colliery,
241-242 ; census returns, 283 n.

Hartford, West, Tynemouth priory lands, 285.286, 288 ;
Monboucher and Harbottle lands, 270, 285, 287-
288, 289 ; Blakeden's lands, 286-287, 289 ; minor
freeholds, 256 n, 285-286 ; descent of the whole
estate, 288-291 ; manor house, 289, 291 ; colliery,
232, 242, 357 ; census returns, 283 n.

Hartford, de. See Hereford.

Hartington, Shafto property in, 319 n.

Hartley TOWNSHIP, 95-133 ; in Earsdon parish, 2, 14,
23; boundaries, 96-97, 126 n, 133; roads, 96;
railways, 239; early history, 97-ICX3; Delaval
moiety, 100-102, 137 n, 143 and n, 144, 145, 146 n,
151 n, 159, 167-168: Middleton moiety, 102-116;
monastic lands, 100, 102, 123 and n ; St. Helen's
chapel, 120; St. Ninian's hermitage, 120-121 ;
surveys, 100-102, 104, 112, 1 14, 121- 122, 124, 125 n,
146 n, 159 n ; court rolls, 96 n, 117-120, 124, 193 n,
195. '97 ". 199. 200; windmills, 22, 102, 104, 112,
114, 115, 117 ; water-mill, see under Seaton Delaval ;
fishing, 104, 118; salt pans, 97, 117-118, 126-128,
130, 132, 225, 354 and n ; coal trade, 100, loi, 104,
112, 117, 127-130, 160, 236, 238, 241 ; colliery acci-
dent, 132; Brereden hall, 112, 114; later descent
of property, 128, 132, 161-165, 201 n, 202 ; school,
22 n, 189, 365 ; Presbyterian congregation, 189 n,
364 ; census returns, 133 n. See also Seaton Sluice.

Hartley, New, 133, 189.

Hartley, Christiana de (13 1 2), Holywell subsidy roll, 78 ;
John de (1312), Hartley subsidy roll, 105 ; Roger
de (thirteenth century), land in Hartley, 103.

Harvie, James, of Hartley (d. 1680), 120 n.

Harwood, Thomas (circa 1670), owner of Seaton lodge,
162.

Hastings. See AstXey.

Haswell, Bridget (1727), legacy to, 70 ; William (1710),
curate of Horton, 279.

Hatch, Thomas (1621), bell-maker, 275.

Hatcher, Henry (1686), marriage, 171.

Hathaway, Mary (Hannay) (d. 1777), 343.

Haverden, Adam de (1268), witness, 49 n.

Hawdon, George (1658), curate of Horton, 23, 279.

Hawks, Messrs., and Co., of Gateshead, ironworks at
Bedlington, 299.

Hawkwell, Woodman's lands in, 148 n, 169.

Ha)'don Bridge, fire at, 23.

Hazon, Hugh de (circa 1204), witness, 44 n.

Heaton, early history of manor, 97-99 ; Monboucher
lands in, 264 ; \'aux lands in, 320 n, 321 n ; acquired
by Mitford family, 65, 69 ; sold to Nicholas Ridley,
66.

INDEX.

391

Hebburn, John, of Hardwick (fifieemh century), mar-
riage, 266; Ralph, lit llelihmn (circa 1650),
marriage, 171.

Heckles, Elizabeth (Bates) (d. 1638), 373.

Heddington, Henry (1804), marriage, 8g.

Heddon, West, Delaval properly in, 153, 169.

Heddon, Nicholas de (1190), witness, 74 n ; Stephen
de (thirteenth century), witness, 76 n ; Thomas de
(1323), witness, 35 n ; Wilham de (1391), im-
pleaded, 64 n.

Hedewyn. See Heddon.

Hedley, co, Durham, 256 n.

Hedley, Anthony, of Newcastle (1665), buys Cowpen
farm, 341 ; Anthony (2) (1686), sells Cowpen farm,
341; Cuthbert, of Morpeth (1569), sells Cowpen
property, 332, 336; Elizabeth, of Lintz (1632),
176 ; Henry de (1312), Newsham subsidy roll, 206 ;
John (1620), accused of witchcraft, xi ; John, of
BIyth (1874), buys Cowpen farm, 347 ; Robert de
(1391), 64 n ; Robert Shafto (circa 1800), mar-
riage, 290 ; Robert Shafto (2) (1831), sells West
Hartford, 291 ; Thomas, of Morpeth (1558), buys
Cowpen propert)', 332 ; William de (1336), Holy-
well subsidy roll, 78 n.

Hedworth, Sir John, of Harraton (1628), marriage,
170, 177 ; John, of Harraton (circa 1670), mar-
riage, 87.
Heighington, Robert (1570), auditor to the earl of

Northumberland, 85.
Heighlord, John (1595), works Cowpen coal mines, 225.
Helme, Robert (1598), letter from, 125 n.
Henderson, Abraham (1734), 343 n ; Charles (1722),
custom house officer at Hartley, 189 ; Elizabeth
(Charlton) (d. 1776), 346; John (1858), coal owner,
241; Robert (1848), Presbyterian minister, 189;
Thomas, of Bedlington (1S26), resident in Blyth,
362 ; William (1654), curate of Earsdon, 15, i5, 20,
189 n, 218 n.
Henry I., charters of, 54, 136.
Henry II., charters of, 73, 97.
Henzel, Peregrine, of Glass-houses, Newcastle (m.

1735), 21-
Hepesseth, Robert de (thirteenth century), witness,

244 n.

Heppehal, Thomas de (1284), witness, 246.

Hepscott, William de (1362), witness, 320 n.

Heraldry : stained glass in Earsdon chapel, 19; heraldry
of Delaval family, 165-166 ; shields in Seaton Dela-
val chapel, 165-166, 185-186; arms in old All
Saints, Newcastle, 265 n. See also Arms ami Seals.

Hereford, Adam de (thirteenth century), witness, 254 n ;
John de (1270), witness, 245, 254 n ; Richard de
(1270), does homage, 285 ; witness, 204 n, 244 n,
245, 248 n, 252 n, 253 n, 254 n ; Robert de (1264),
lands in Hartford, 285 ; witness, 244 n, 248 n ;
Walter de (1267), 256 n ; Ilorton subsidy roll, 256,
260; witness, 244 n, 246, 253 n; William de (1349),
286 and n.
Herkness, William (1721), schoolmaster at Backworth,

22 n.
Heron, Alexander (1844), Presbyterian minister, 189,
365 ; Barbara (Mitford, Johnson) (1663), 17, 66 ;
Sir Charles, of Chipchase (circa 1700), 70 ; Dorothy
(Delaval) (circa 1600), i6g ; George, of Chipchase
(159O1 155; Sir Henry (d. 1749), sells Chipchase,
70; Sir John (1362), witness, 320 n; Jordan (12 1 7),
pardon, 140 n ; Margaret (Cramlington) (1693),
216; Roger (1480), witness, 210; Sir William, of
Ford (1257), sheriff of Northumberland, 248 ; Sir
William (2) (1362), witness, 320 n.
Herrington, West, co. Durham, Monboucher property,

264.
Ilert, Ralph, tenant in Earsdon (1295), 3; Robert
(1294), Earsdon tallage roll, 3 n ; Earsdon subsidy
roll, 4.
Hertness-pennies, 3, 33, 312.
Heseliden, Selby's lands in, 59, 68 n.
Heselrigg, John de (1329), witness, 113 n ; William de,
seneschal of Tynemouth (circa 1290), witness, 50 n ;
William de (2) (1362), trustee, 320 n ; witness,
68 n.
Hessewell, Thomas, rector of Sedgefield (1317), 374.
Hethpool, Heton's lands in, 113.

Heton, of Chillingham, pedigree, 116, xi ; account of,
113-115; Sir Alan de (1371), witness, 68 n ;
Gilbert de (1283), giant of property in Newcastle,
50 n ; Sir Henry de (d. 1399), marriage, 261, 264,
266 ; Thomas (1318), captures Gilbert Middleton,
no ; Hartley granted to, 113.
Hexham priory, grants to, 44 n, 137, 167 ; canon of, 279 ;
grammar school, 279 ; Woodman property, 147 n,
148 and n ; Vaux property in, 320 n, 321 n.
[lick, Alice (1809), co-heiress of West Hartford (d.
1831), 291 ; Elizabeth (Hedley) (d. 1832), co-heiress
of West Hartford, 290 ; Lewis, of Newcastle (circa
1760), marriage, 2 1 5.
Hickman, John (circa 1 700), marriage, 330.
Hicks, Baptist, Viscount Campden (1629), purchases

Horton tithes, 283.
Hidewyne. See Heddon.

39^

INDEX.

Higham Dike, 66.

Hill, John (1556), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 201 ;
Robert (1578), tenant in Seaton Delaval, ig6 ;
William (1577), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 197.

Hilton, Lady Elizabeth, see Bowes ; Jane (Delaval,
Reed) (d. 1645), 159, 170, 175, 177, 274 ; John, of
Wearmouth (1691), marriage, 21 ; Sir Robert,
of Hilton (d. 1447), marriage, 145 ; Sir Thomas, of
Tynemouth castle (1558), 210, 282 ; Thomas,
of Hilton (d. 1598), marriage, 172 ; family of,
176; Sir William, of Hilton (d. 1600), family of,
176.

Hirst, manor of, 268.

Hindmarsh, Anthony, sells Earsdon farm (171 1), 13;
Edward, of Benton (1697), le.ases Cowpen coal
mines, 230; John, of Wallsend (1645), xi ; mar-
riage, 20 ; John (1664), tenant in Backworth. 40 ;
Mary (Cook), of Newcastle (1708), 21.

Hobkirk, Frances (Sidney) (1875), 34°-

Hodgson, of Cowpen, pedigree, 333 ; Alice (Watts)
(d. 1863), 344 ; Richard, of Plessey (d. 1830), 362 ;
works Cowpen colliery, 236 ; builds Crofton mills,
332 ; Thomas, of Plessey (1710), marriage, 21 ;
William, of Newcastle (d. 1585), family of, 176;
William, of Plessey (17 1 8), marriage, 21.

Hogday, John (1336), Hartley subsidy roll, 113.

Hoggard, John (1336), Seaton Delaval subsidy roll,
191 ; Ralph (1296), Seaton Delaval subsidy roll,
190.

Hoggison, Eleanor (Trewick) (1399), 102.

Holden, Elizabeth (Baroness Hilton), see Bowes ;
Thomas (circa 1400), high steward of Durham,
marriage, 145.

Holgrave, WiUiani (1391), 64 n.

Holland, Margery (Bates) (circa 1550), 86 ; Sir
Richard (1540), marriage, 266, 287.

HoUinside, co. Durham, descent of manor, ;i and n ;
Thomas de (1318), parts with HoUinside, 51 n.

Holmes, Thomas (1555), Crown grantee, 315 ; Thomas,
of Newcastle (1717), marriage, 41.

Holroyd, Elizabeth (Grey) (1853), 42 ; Lucy (Grey)
(1863), 42.

Holywell TOWNSHIP, 72-94 ; in Earsdon parish, 2, 14,
23 ; early fines relating to, 73-76 and notes ; mon-
astic lands in, 76-77, 82 ; Scrope moiety, 79-81 ;
Delaval seignory of, 73, 77-78, 82-84, 9I| 138, 145,
146 n, 151 n, 153, 167; customs and services, 73,
79, 81 ; surveys of, 79-81, 85 ; extracts from court
rolls, 77 n, 83-84, 91, 194-200 ; hall, 92-93 ; urban
district, 14 ; census returns, 72 n.

Holywell dene, 95-96, 125-126; hermitage in, 120-
121 ; salt pans in, 97, 118, 354 n.

Holywell, West, 72.

Hone, Galyon, king's glazier (1531), 19.

Hopper-freedom, explanation of term, 315 n.

Hopton, Thomas, of Mirfield (1507), marriage, 82, 169.

Hornby, Mary (Fenwick), marriage (1796), 12.

Horncliff, Robert de (1317), captor of Gilbert de
Middleton, 1 10.

Hornsee, Robert, of North Shields (1408), grant to,
82.

Horsley, in Ovingham, Delaval lands in, 14S and n,
153, 210.

Horsley, Long, Vaux lands in, 321 n.

Horsley and Company, engine manufacturers, 132.

Horsley, Isabella (Fenwick) (1761), 12 ; James, see
Delaval; John de (1321), witness, 38 n, 62 n ;
John, alias Woodman (1424), marriage, 168 ;
marriage settlement, 148-149, 208, 211; grant to,
82 ; arms, 166 ; John, of Outchester (1470), 151 n ;
Sir Richard de, sheriff (1310), witness, 260 n ; Sir
Richard de (2), sheriff (137 1), witness, 68 n ;
William de (1294), Cowpen tallage roll, 309.

Horton TOWNSHIP, 243-274 ; lower of, 256 n, 257-258,
2640; siege of, 58, 64 n, 109, III, 263; vicar of
Woodhorn's lands, 281 n ; bought by Sir Robert
Delaval, 159, 271-272 ; subsequent descent of
property, 128, 159, 163-165, 175, 202, 274 ; court
rolls, 272 and n ; coal mining in, 241 ; tithes,
278, 282-283 ; census returns, 244 n ; chapel, 274-
283 ; vicarage, 276-278 ; terrier of, 281 ; list of
ministers, 278-280 ; extmcts from registers, 280-
281 ; rectory, 282-283.

Horton, John (1307), grant of lands in Bebside, 293 n ;
Walran de, see Viscount; William (1377), tenant
in Backworth, 39.

Hospitallers, property in Horton, 253 n.

Houworth, John de, vicar of Tynemouth (1325). 38 n.

Howard, James (1688), justice of the peace, 284 n.

Howell, Anne (Barker, Cramlington) (circa 1722),
216 ; E. H. (1874), landowner in Cowpen, 347.

Howet, John (1574), tenant in Hartley, 124.

Hubbard, Mary (Wilkinson) (1792), 280.

Huddleston, Joseph (1695), tenant of Newsham
demesne, 219.

Hudspeth (1728), bequests to family, 70.

Hughes, W. L., viscount Dinorben (1804), marriage,
42.

Hull, salt trade with, 351.

Hull, John, of Ousterley (m. 1601), 66.

INDEX.

393

llumford mill, 243, 292.

Hume, Margaret (Melvin) (1645), marriage, 20.

Hungerford, Edward, of Black lioiirton (m. 1717), 66.

Hunsdon. Sre Carey.

Hunt, Norman C, marriage, g.

Hunter, John, of Lisburn (1786), marriage, 88 ;

Ralph, of Cowpen (1826), re.sident in Blyih, 362 ;

Robert (circa 1580), tenant in Hartley, 124;

William (1743), Methodist preacher, 365.
Huntley, George, of South Blyth (eighteenth century),

marriage, 343 ; Thomas, of Morpeth (m. 1720),

343-
Hurry, Elizabeth (Fenwick) (1812), 13.
Hussey-Delaval. See Delaval.
Hutcheson, Henry (1551), bequest to, 217.
Hutchins, H. G. (1905), vicar of Blyth, 364.
Hutton, Anne (Wanley) (1754), 330 ; Martha (Bates)

(1682), go, 373 ; Sir Timothy (1622), 176.
Hymers. See Hindmarsh.
Hyrning, Henry (thirteenth century), tenant in Burra-

don, 49 n.

llderton, Thomas de, grant to Kirkham prior}', 265 n.
Ingilby, Henry, of Ripley (17S6), marriage, 88.
Ingoe, acquired by Mitford family, 69.
Ingoe, Hugh de (1296), Holywell subsidy roll, 78;

Thomas de (13 1 2), Holywell subsidy roll, 78.
Insula, Robert de, bishop of Durham (d. 1283), 256;

William de (1227), itinerant justice, 247 n. See also

Lisle.
Isham, Giles (1554), Crown grant to, 82.

J.
Jackson, G. W. (1891), incumbent of Delaval parish,

189 ; Thomas (1582), curate of Horton, 279.
Jadis, John (1780), marriage, 174.
James, Anne (Hedworth, Bates, Shafto) (1683), 87, xi ;

Charles Woodhouse (1888), vicar of Blyth, 364 ;

Francis, of Hetton-le-Hole (circa 1640), marriage,

174-
Jameson, John, of Bedlington (1716), 24.
Jay, John, sheriff of Newcastle (1424), witness, 82 n.
Jenkyns, John (1565), grantee of Bebside, 293.
Jervaulx abbey, 255.
Jervoise, Anne (Grey) (1817), 42 ; Elizabeth (Grey),

(d. 1850), 42.
Jesmond, early history of manor, 97-98 ; Stikelawe

moiety, 255; Monboucher lands in, 264; Orde

lands in, 46 ; Vau.\ lands in, 320 n.

Vol. IX.

lesmond, .Adam de (d. 1271), owns moiety of Hartley,
99-100 ; witness, 248 n, 372 ; heirs of, 103, 254.

Jobling, Abraham of Waterloo (1826), resident in
Blyth, 362 ; Edward, of Waterloo (1826), resident
in Blyth, 362 ; George (1854), partner in Bebside
colliery, 240; Robert, of Newton-hall (1793), mar-
riage, 343 ; Thomas William (1848), leases coal in
Bebside, 240 n.

Johnson of Bebside and Monkseaton, pedigree, 296 ;
John (1500), 121 n; John (1702), purchases Beb-
side, 233, 296; Mary (Fielding) (1727), 233, 297 ;
Robert (1662), 23; marriage, 17, 66; Roland
(1499), witness, 342 n ; William, of Newcastle
(1402), marriage, 115 ; land in West Hartford,
288; land in Cowpen, 321 n ; W. O. (1851),
minister at Cowpen, 365.

Joli, Thomas (1312), Hartley subsidy roll, 103.

Jones, David Thomas (d. 1877), chaplain of Blyth,
363 ; Jane (nee Lake) (1808), 291.

Jordan, George (1596), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 20I.

Jub, Edward, of Blythsnook (1663), recusant, 17, 220.

Kappen, Warner (eighteenth century), marriage, 339 ;

William (nineteenth century), marriage, 339.
Kay, John (circa 1682), schoolmaster in Hartley, 22 n.
Kearsley, acquired by Mitford family, 65, 69 ; sold, 67.
Keenlyside, Thomas William, of Newcastle (1826),

resident in Blyth, 362.
Kellawe, William de (1317), chancellor of Durham,

373.
Kelliow, Charles, of Newcastle (1638), marriage, 170.
Kempson, Robert (1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105.
Kennicott, Richard (d. 1886), curate of Horton, 280.
Kernech, Ralph, prior of Durham (circa 1220), 55.
Kershaw, Joseph, Roman Catholic priest at Cowpen,

366.
Kibblesworth, township, 256, 270.
Kibblesworth, Luke de (thirteenth century), witness,

253 n, 254 notes, 256 n.

Killingworth parish, 24, 53 ; medieval road through,

25, 135-

Killingworth, family of, own property in Burradon,
49-51; John de (1371), trustee, 68 n ; Oliver
(1626), 326 ; marriage, 52,66; Richard de (circa
1290), witness, 49 n, 50 n ; William (1628), mar-
riage, 20.

Killum, Sir Michael de (thirteenth century), witness,

254 n, 256 n.

King, Thomas (1823), leases colliery at Cowpen, 238.

394

INDEX.

Kingescote, Christoplier (1637), iniTclwses Cowpen

mill, 331.
Kipling, Ambrose, cui:ite of liarsdoii (1662), 15.
Kirkem;in, Elyus (1234), property in Cowpen, 317.
Kirketon, Christiana de (1275), lands in Hartford,

256 n ; Sir William de (1270), witness, 245 ; {circa

1261), witness, 248 n, 253 n ; (1270), 254 n, 256 n.
Kirkliam, Walter de, bishop of Durham (1249), 276.
Kirkham priory, grants to, 265 n.
Kirkley, George (circa 1710), marriage, 294.
Kirmond, John (d. 1435), marriage, 261.
Knight memorial hospital, 368.
Knight, Susanna (Lady Delaval) (d. 1822), 173;

succeeds to Ford, 132, 164.
Knowles, Margaret (Delava!) (d. ifi72), 170.
Kuimlock, Robert (1296), Hartley suhiiidy roll, 105.

Lader, Laurence (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 311.

Ladley, Elizabeth (1658), 189 n ; John (1662), of
Hartley, 23, 189 n; Matthew (1582), tenant in
Holpvell, 84, 85, 196 ; Matthew (1658), 189 n.

Laidman, John, vicar of Mitford (1707), marriage,
67.

Laing, John, of Seghill (1658), 20.

Lake, Anne (Hick, Cramlington) (1772), 216 ; George,
of Long Benton (d. 1809), inherits West Hartford,
290 ; William (1808), 291.

Lamb, Charles (1858), colliery owner, 241 ; Joseph
(1838), colliery owner, 241.

Lambert, Francis (1854), colliery owner, 240 ; John
(1848), colliery owner, 240 n ; Mark (1848), col-
liery owner, 240n; Nathaniel (1847), colliery
owner, 239, 240.

Lambton, Messrs., bankers, own Cowpen farm, 347 ;
Mistress (1659), 20 ; Robert, of Biddick (1670),
marriage, 174.

Lame, Thomas (1423), witness, 149.

Lancaster, Thomas, earl of (13 17), loS, no.

Langhirst. See Longhirst.

Langlands, Messrs., silversmiths, 364.

Langton, Gilbert (1555), Crown grantee, 315 ; John,
prior of Tynemouth (1472), witness, I50n ; William,
sub-prior of Tynemouth (1472), witness, 150 n.

Laton. See Leighton.

Laundeler, WiUiam (1377), tenant in Backworth, 39.

Laval. See Delaval.

Lawson of Cramlington, Barbara (Mitford) (1550),
65 ; Grace (Cramlington) (d. 1650), 214, 215 ;
marriage settlement, 217 ; Robert (1573), free-

holder in Hartley, 96, 122, 123, il~, n ; Thomas([)
(circa 1450), marriage, 266 ; Thomas (2) (1485),
freeholder in Hartley, 102 ; Thomas (3) (1538),
farms West Hartford, 2S6 ; William (1500), 121;
witness, 150 n.

Lawson, of West Hartford, pedigree, 289 ; account of
family, 287-289 ; Gerard (1576), 213 n.

Lawson (unclassified), .Agnes (Cramlington) (d. 1 558),
211, 215; Catherine (Preston) (circa 1650), 342;
James, of Horton (1595), 273 ; Sir John, of Brough
(1861), owner of Cambois, 242 ; Ralph, of Burgh
(1600), 217 ; William (1604), curate of Earsdon,
15.

l.eatherington, .Ann (Tyzack) (1688), 20.

Leaton, Elizabeth (Fenwick) (1798), 12.

Lee, Henry (1679), marriage, 170; Richard (1902),
minister at Blyth, 366; William (1551), witness,
217.

Leighton, Alexander (1582), curate of Horton, 279;
John (fifteenth century), chaplain, 45 ; John (1578),
curate of Horton, 279 ; Thomas Hodgson (1836),
establishes alkali works at Blyth, 369.

Leslie, Lady Anne (Fraser, Delaval), (m. 1646), 160,
171, 189 n.

Levinton, Richard de (1224), itinerant justice, 317 n.

Lewin, Nicholas (1680), marriage, 20 ; tenant of Link-
bouse in Newsham, 220 n ; Robert, of Newcastle
(1580), marriage, 169, 215, 218; lease of cobles,
118 n ; W'alter (1387), owns moiety of Burradon,
45-

Le.xington, John de (1256), king's justice, 205 ; owner
of Newsham, 206 n.

Ley, Philip de la (thirteenth century), grant of
Beamish and Tanfield, 256.

Leybourne, Ellen de (Delaval) (1322), 143, 168;
Robert de (circa 1300), 143 n.

Liddell pele, siege of, 63.

Liddell, Bertram, of Heaton (circa 1602), marriage,
215; John (1858), coal owner, 241; William
(1858), coal owner, 241.

Ligulph (circa 1 1 10), sheriff, 54 n, 136 n.

Lilburn, John, of Shawdon (circa 1475), witness,
151 n, 210; John (2), sheriff (f/rca 1475), witness,
210 ; Robert, of Sunderland (circa 1700), marriage,
67 ; Thomas, of West Lilburn (1424), marriage,
115.

Lindley, Sir Henry (1605), grant of Crown lands to,
318.

Linskill, Messrs., dock owners, 369; William (1805),
marriage, 42.

INDEX.

395

Link-house, near Blyth, 203, 220 :inij n.
Lisle, of P'elton (de Insula), descent, 44 n ; Sir Hum-
phrey (149S), gram of lands, i6g ; Sir Humphrc'y
(2) (1554'), UKuriage, 169; Sir John (1331),
witness, 62 n ; John, of Welden (1737), marriage,
21; Otwel (circa 1204), witness, 44 n ; Robert
(circa 1200), grant of Gosforth to, 44 n ; Robert
(2) (circa 1470), 151 n ; Thomas, of Newton hall,
(circa 1470), I5In; Thomas, of Ogle (1515),
leases Horton, 268.

Lister, Sir Richard (1547), chief justice of pleas,
287.

Liulf. See Ligulph.

Livingston, Elizabeth (Delaval, Hatcher), marriage
(1670), 160, 171 ; autobiography, 161 n ; letters,
127 n.

Lloyd, Richard (m. 1740), 87.

Lochmaben castle, defence of, 63.

Lomax, John (1650), vicar of Wooler, 364 n.

Longhirst, Fitzhugh and Bates lands, 81, 85 n.

Longhirst, Robert de (1312), Seaton Delaval subsidy
roll, 190, 191.

Longridge, Messrs., proprietors of Bedlington iron-
works, 300, 301 ; Michael (1828), manager of
ironworks, 299 ; leases High Cowpen colliery, 240 ;
Thomas, of Gateshead (1788), leases Bedlington
ironworks, 299.

Longueville, Arthur (circa 1500), marriage, 116.

Looneis, William de (circa 1200), witness, 49 n.

Loraine, Anthony (1653), of Newsham hall, 218 ;
family of, 20, 218 n ; lane (d. 167S), 20 ; John, of
York (1675), 218 n ; Robert, of Walker (circa
1630), 218 n ; marriage, 215.

Lose, William de, chaplain (1285), witness, 309 n.

Lough, Richard, of Waterloo (1326), resident in
Blyth, 362.

Lounes, Gilbert (1312), Seaton Delaval subsidy roll,
190, 191 ; Ralph (1312), Newsham subsidy roll,
206; William (1312), Seaton Delaval subsidy
roll, 190, 191.

Loveday, Walter (circa 1 5 15), marriage, 268.

Lowick, Helen lands in, 113.

Lowrey, Edward (1865), marriage, 9.

Lucas, Richard (circa 1710), marriage, 175.

Lucy, Alice de (1288) (Charron), 251, 260; Richard
de (1166), itinerant justice, 98 ; Sir Thomas de
(i), first baron Lucy of Cockermouth (circa 1288),
agreement on daughter's marriage, 251 ; Thomas
de (1346), commissioner for Cumberland marches,
63 n.

Lumley, Elizabeth, contracted to George Delaval, l6g ;

Joan (Harbottle) (1439), 266, 268 ; Robert (1478)1

268 ; Thomas, lord (1478), 267.268.
Lyon, George (171O), curate of Earsdon, 15, 17,

21, 24.
Lyons, Thomas (1620), curate of Earsdon, xi.
Lysdon, in Seaton Delaval, 135, 196, 198, 202, 253 n,

27311.

MacCulloch, Auguste Adele (Sidney) (1899), 340.
MacEwan, Christiana (Sidney) (d. 1874), 340.
Mackinley, James (1892), incumbent of St. Wilfrid's,

Waterloo, 367.
McMurray, John (1845), Presbyterian minister, 189.
Maddison, Ehzabeth (Mitford) (d. 1689), 68 ; William

(1882), chaplain of Blyth, 363.
Madur, Adam (1294), tenant in Earsdon, 3n; John

(1295), freeholder in Earsdon, 3.
Major, Hester (Delaval) (d. 1707), 175 ; Thomas

(1431), 68 n.
Maling, Messrs., proprietors of Bedlington ironworks,

299; Frances (Watson) (1779), 335.
Malvin, John (1495), tenant in Burradon, 51 n ;

Richard (1546), tenant in Cowpen. 313, 321 ;

Richard (1570), tenant m Seghill, 69 ; William

(1495), tenant in Burradon, 51 n ; William (1569),

tenant in Seghill, 69 ; buys land in Cowpen, 332.
Malvin's close, in Cowpen, 304, 327, 345.
Mangaar, John (eighteenth century), marriage, 339 ;

Mary (Sidney) (i770. 339-
Manners, Sir John, of Etal (1390), 64 ; marriage, 145,

16S ; Robert de (1335), witness, 113 n.
Manning, Agnes (1295I, cottager in Earsdon, 3 ;

William (1295), tenant in Earsdon, 3.
iLrnsel, Robert Stanley (1858), owner of Bebside,

297, 302.
Manson, Ethel (Fenwick) (1887), 13.
Mardle dene. See Holywell dene.
Mare, Geoffrey de la (1317), follower of Gilbert de

Middleton, 109 n.
Mareschal, Roger (circa 1300), forfeits land in Cowpen,

318 n; Thomas (1335), forfeits land in Cowpen,

318.
Marisco, Richard de, bishop of Durham (1215), 276.
Marlow, Mary (Sidney) (eighteenth century), 339.
Marshall, George, of Blyth, rope maker (d. 1774),

360 ; monumental inscription, 364 ; George (2),

368 ; Thomas (1606), owner of \Vest Hartford,

289.

396

INDEX.

Martin, George, of Newcastle (1659), marriage, 172 ;
Thomas {circa 1 570), tenant in Seghill, 69.

Mason, service of carting from, 3 ; Charron property
in, 246.

Mason, Adam (1377), tenant in Backworth, 38;
Richard (1857), curate of Earsdon, 16.

Massey, Nathaniel (circa 1650), marriage, 172.

Mathosond, George, of Hull (1534), salt merchant,
351 n-

Matthew, William, of Newcastle (1619), surveyor,
326.

Mattland, Thomas (1570), tenant in Holywell, 84, 85 ;
Thomas (2) (1662), tenant in Backworth, 23, 40;
William (1681), of Backworth, 23, 24.

Mauduit, Adam (1318), rebel, 59 n ; Isabella (circa
1 240), coheir of Tritlington, 205 ; Isabella, daughter
of William (thirteenth century), 253 n ; John
(thirteenth century), witness, 204 n, 254 n ; Robert
(1318), rebel, 59 n ; Sir Roger (area 1250), witness,
249 n ; Sir Roger (2) (1310), witness, 260 n ; Sir
Roger (3) (1333), witness, 264 n ; arms, 165 n ;
William (1215), rebel, 140.

Maughling, Ambrose, of Newcastle (circa 1726), mar-
riage, 216.

Maunder, George (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313;
John (sixteenth century), tenant in Cowpen,
313-

Mawson, Adam (1312), Halliwell subsidy roll, 78.

Mautalent, Robert (thirteenth century), parishioner of
Tynemouth, iS7n; William (circa 1200), witness,
44 "•

Mautlaine, Lewis. See Widdrington of Cheeseburn.

Meade, Eliza (Bates) (nineteenth century), 89.

Medcalf, George (1570), receiver to earl of North-
umberland, 85 ; Mary (Ogle) (m. 1729), 280.

Meineville, Robilard de (thirteenth century), witness,
254 n; William de (1362), mentioned in entail,
320.

Melvin, George (1645), marriage, 20.

Merlay, barony of, 136 n ; Roger de (12 17), witness,
49 n; surety, 139; pardon, 140; William de
(1217), pardon, 140.

Merske, Robert de, rector of Whalton (1331), 62 n.

Merston, Philip de (circa 1290), witness, 50 n.

Messenger, Robert (d. 1844), curate of Horton, 280.

Methven, William (1645), curate of Horton, 279.

Mewburn, James, of Seaton Delaval (d. 1731), 21.

Mexborough. See Savile.

Mickley, vill of, 315-316.

Middleton, South, Trewick lands in, 102 n.

.Middleton, of Belsay, Constantia (Ogle) (1587), 294 ;
David, son of Nicholas (1318), hostage for Walter
Selby, 59 n ; Gilbert (i) (d. 1290), owns moiety
of Hartley, 103-104; Gilbert (2) (d. 1318), pro-
perty in Hartley, 104, 112 ; arms, 109 n ; rebellion,
58, 64 n, 102 n, 106-111, 142 and n, 263, 312,
3"8, 373; John (1269), witness, 252 n ; John (2)
(1317), captuies Sir John Felton, no; executed,
in; Sir John (3) (1422), n6 ; Robert (1576),
trustee, 213 n; Thomas (1536), marriage, 266;
leases Horton, 269 ; William (circa 1270), acquires
moiety of Hartley, 103 ; arms, 109 n.

Middleton, of Silksworth, pedigree, n6 ; account of
family, 115 ; Adam (1610), marriage, 87, xi.

.Milbanke, Ralph (1653), purchases Newsham hall,
218 ; Sir Ralph, of Halnaby (1721), marriage, 173 ;
portrait of, 1 77.

Milbume, Delaval property in, 169 ; Bates property,
85 n, 86, 94 ; hall, 88.

Milburne, Diana (Shafto) (1657), 20; Gawen, of
Bedlington (d. 1588), lessee of Cowpen crown
lands, 323, 353; killed in duel, 155; George, of
Chirton (1643), marriage, 66 ; John (1573), tenant
in Hartley, 122 ; Robert (1572), works coal mines
in Cowpen, 374 ; William, of Cowpen Quay
(1826), resident in Blyth, 362.

-Mill, Richard (1578), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 196,
201.

Miller, Robert (1588), fisherman at Hartley, 118 n.

Mills: Bebside, 299; Cowpen, 311 n, 312 n, 314-315,
317, 331-332, 342; Flatworth, 34, 36; Hartford,
288; Hartley, 22, 102, 104, 112, 114, 115, 117;
Holywell, 73, 81; Horton, 271 n; Newcastle
(Pilgrim Street), 50; Seaton Delaval, 73, 79, '81,
96 n, 117, 125, 133, 145, 190.192, 19S-199; Seghill,
65.

Mills, Elizabeth (Reed) (i7n), 291 ; Robert, of New-
castle (circa 1670), marriage, 2l6, 291 ; Robert, of
Bedlington (1700), 334 n ; Thomas, of Monk-
seaton (1649), tenant in Earsdon, 5 ; family of, 14.

Milneton, Robert de (1296), Backworth subsidy roll,

33-

Mitchelson, Mary (Barker) (1790), 7.

Mitford barony, 136 n ; castle, held by Gilbert Middle-
ton and Walter Selby, 58-60, 61 n, I06-IIO.

Mitford, of Mitford, .\lexander (1423), witness, 149;
Alexander (lirca 1470), 151 n ; Bertram (circa
1470), 153 ; Cuthbert (1558), sells Cowpen pro-
perty, 332 ; Gawen (1539), freeholder in Cowpen,
321 ; Gerard (1423), trustee, 148, 211 ; Sir John

INDEX.

397

(1408), 6411, 144; ac luiies Basset's lands, 319,
332 ; John (2), brotlier of William (1424), trustee,
14S, 211 ; John (3), son of William (1424), trustee,
148; John (4) (1472), witness, I50n; Margaret
(Delaval) C13S5), 168, 207, 211 ; Nicholas, clerk
(1270), witness, 245, 254 n, 25O n ; Ralph (1558),
party to sale of Cowpen lands, 332 ; Robert (1259),
lease of lands in Stickley, 248 and n ; Robert
(1591), marriage, 68; claim to Cowpen, 332 n ;
William (1391), 64 n, 148, 211.
Mitford, of Seghill and Newcastle, pedigree, 65-68,
xi ; Christopher (d. 1540), 83; Christopher (2)
(d. 1581), freeholder in Hartley, 96, 122, 123 n,
125 n ; Henry (d. 1596), sells Hartley lands, 123 ;
John (d. 1571), encloses Seghill, 69; Magdalen
(Ogle) (1626), 52 ; Margery (Delaval) (1446),
150, 151 n, 169, 244 n ; Michael (d. 1637), mar-
riage, 171, 176 ; Nicholas (1535), leases coal pit in
Cowpen, 224; Oswald (d. 1588), marriage, 169;
Ralph (d. 1661), 17 ; Robert (1441), buys Seghill,
6g, 145, 147 ; acquires Brandon, 145, 149 ; named
in entail of Delaval estates, 150, 151 n; lawsuits,
20S ; leases Seaton Delaval, 1 50 n ; witness, 149;
Robert (2) (d. 1640), marriage, 171, 328; Robert
(3) (1723), sells Seghill, 70.

Mitford (unclassified), Edward (1717), tenant in News-
ham, 220; Jane (Bates) (d. 1760), 88; Stephen
(1710), buys Cowpen hall, 341 ; works coal at
Cowpen, 230.

Mody, John (1311), tenant in Hartley, loi.

Monastic lands. See Brinkbinii, Hospitallers, New-
minster, St. Bartholomew's, St. Mary's Westgate,
Tynemouth.

Monboucher pedigree, 261-262 ; account of family,
262-265 ; Sir Bertram (l) (d. 1332), marriage, 251,
260 ; dispossessed of Horton, 58, 263 ; Seghill
granted to, 59, 263 ; lawsuit with Walter Selby,
61 ; Sir Bertram (2) (d. 1388), 264 ; lands in West
Hartford, 285 ; lands in Bebside, 292 n ; lands in
Cowpen, 321 n ; witness, 207 n ; Bertram (3) (d.
'399)1 marriage, 145 ; Isabel (Ileton, Harbottle) (d.
1424), 116, 264, 266.

Monkseaton, manor of, 33 n ; granted to Tynemouth
priory, 54 ; properties in, 14, 43, 296.

Montague, marquis. See Neville.

Moor, Martha (Hodgson) {circa 1830), 333.

Moorson, Mary (Ward) (d. 1808), 298.

Moriley, Juliana de(Middleton)(l3i8), dower, 112, 113.

Morpeth, Trewick's lands in, 102 n ; Thomas Bates'
property in, 85 n.

Morrice, Francis (l6og), grantee of Ilorton tithes,

283.
Morris, Charles, captain (1773), marriage, 173.
Morrison, George, of Waterloo (1826), resident in

Blyth, 362 ; James (1846), marriage, 8 ; Martin

(1794), colliery owner, 234.
Mortimer, of Milburn hall, family of, 88, 94, 288.
Morton, Nicholas de {circa 1302), witness, 26 n ;

Thomas, of Berwick (1562), marriage, 169;

William (1691), schoolmaster at Seaton Sluice,

22 n.
Morwick, Fitzhugh lands in, 81 ; held by Thomas

Bates, 85 n.
Morwick, Hugh de (circa 1204), witness, 44 n ; land in

Cowpen, 307 n ; Nicholas de {circa 1204), witness,

44 n ; surety, 1 39.
Mounsey, Jasper (1861), owner of Bedlington iron-
works, 302.
Mowbray, Robert de, earl of Northumberland, 136.
Muckle, Richard (1764), curate of Horton, 280.
Mudden, William de (1217), pardon, 140 n.
Munro, William (nineteenth century), marriage,

345-
Murphy, Bernard (1S74), Roman Catholic priest at

Cowpen, 366.
Murray, John, earl of .Annandale (1616), grant of

lands in Cowpen and West Hartford, 2S8 ; Mary

(Hodgson), 333.
Murton, in Earsdon Urban District, 14 ; Johnson

property ni, 296.
Muschamp, Barbara (Harbottle) (1595), 272; iMrs.

(iiee Selby) (1622), 176 ; Robert de (1201), 139.
Musgrave, Margaret (Mitford) (circa 1480), 65, 69 ;

Robert (1423), witness, 149.

N.
Nafferton, sale of, 220.
Nairn, .^gnes (Taylor) (m. 1854), 8.
Naters, Charles (1878), chaplain of Blyth, 363.
Naunton, Henry, of Durham (si.Kteenth century),

marriage, 372.
Naylor, .Andrew, of Byker Hill (circa 1715), marriage,

333-
Neil, James (1876), chaplain of Blyth, 363.
Neile, Sir Richard, of Plessey (1692), leases Bebside

colliery, 233.
Nelson and Douglas, Messrs., salt works at Blyth,

369-
Netherton colliery, 238; wagonway, 240; ironstone
workings, 301 ; property in, 342.

398

INDEX.

Netheiion, John de, of Sleekbum {circa 1400), 86.

Newsum of Newsham, pedigree, 206 ; account of
family, 203-205 ; Adam de (1207), agreement with
Gill?ert Delaval, 204, 349; witness, 253 n, 254 n,
372 ; Simon de (thirteenth century), property in
Stickley, 254 n ; witness, 76 n ; Richard de (1240),
205; grant to, 253 n ; witness, 248 n, 253 n ;
Roger de (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310 ; Thomas,
of Newcastle (1480), 153; William de (1323),
tenant in Cowpen, 310.

Neville, George, archbishop of York (1465), 150 n,
151 ; John, marquis Montague (died 1471), Dela-
val estates settled upon, 145, 150-152, 208 ; Robert
de (1270), guardian of Robert Delaval II.,
142.

Newbiggen-on-the-Sea, endowment of Seaton Delaval
chantry in, 188 ; John fitz Hugh's lands in, 315 ;
grant of tenement in, 86.

Newburn, Gaugy lands in, 99.

Newcastle, medieval road to, see Castle-way ; castle-
ward rents payable to, 44 n, 100, 137 ; Walter de
Hereford, constable of, 256 n ; Sir John Felton,
constable of, 59 n ; enquiry into defences, 264 n ;
St. Nicholas', assize held in, 56 n ; St. Andrew's,
assize held in, 56 n ; chantry in M\ Saints, 51 n ;
armorial shields in All Saints, 265 n ; tithes, 16;
early deeds relating to property in, 37, 50 and n,
51 n, 54, 82, 320 n ; Delaval property in, 169;
Monboucher property in, 264, 270 ; White Friars,
158, 170; illegal exportation of wool, 255 ; export
of foal prohibited, 230, 355 ; siege of (1644), 23,
92 ; port of, 127, 265, 357-358 ; Trinity house,
334) 355 ; Company of Bricklayers, 10 ; Infirmary,
II, 22.

Newham, Robert de {circa 1204), witness, 44 n, 253 n ;
William de (1166), holds lands of Whalton barony,

44-
Newminster abbey, lands in Cowpen, 318, 325 ; salt
pans, 224-225, 350-351 ; John, abbot of (1470),

151 n.

Newsham TOWNSHIP, 202-221 ; in F.arsdon parish, 2,
14, 23, 277 ; member of Seaton Delaval manor, 136,
203 ; monastic lands, 203-204, 206 ; crown lands,
207 n ; descent of Delaval property, xii, 141, 144,
148-149, 151 n, l68, 203-211; carting services, 3;
watch and ward, 84, 200 ; manor house, 212-214,
221; collieries, 239, 241; census returns, 203 n.
See also Blyth.

Newstead in EUingham, 267.

Newton-by-the-Sea, 123 n.

Newton, John (1601J, schoolmaster, 22 n ; Matthew,

of Stocksfield {circa 1600), marriage, 52 n ; Pycot

de (thirteenth century), witness, 249 n.
Nicholson, Ann (Taylor) (d. 1895), marriage, 9;

Mary (Lisle) (m. 1737), 21 ; Robert (1854),

colliery owner, 240.
Nixon, Mary (Taylor) (d. 1818), 8.
Noreys, Gilbert le (thirteenth century), lands granted

Sir Guischard de Charron, 256.
Norham castle, 107.

Norman, William, of Houghton (1437), 268.
North, Roger (1676), description of Seaton Sluice,

126-127 i character of Sir Ralph Delaval, 160.
Northampton, earl of. See Bohun and Parr.
Northburgh, Roger de (I3_l8), commissioner for truce

with Scotland, 59 n.
Norton, Roger de, see St. Alban's, abbots of ; W. de

(1280), 56 n.
Nunwick, sold to Robert Allgood, 70.

Oakwood colliery, in Acomb, 70.

Oberndorf, Count d' (nineteenth century), marriage, 89.

Ogle, of Bebside, pedigree, 294 ; account of family,
293-296 ; Elizabeth (Bates, Smelt) (d. 1640), 86,
91 ; John (d. 1 586), marriage, 215 ; purchases
Bebside, 293 ; witness, 217 ; inventory of goods,
212-213; Mary (Cramlington) (1626), 213-215 ;
Thomas (d. 1616), marriage, 171 ; owner of Beb-
side, 295 ; farms land in Horton, 272, 273 ; gives
bell to Horton chapel, 275 ; Thomas (1702), leases
Bebside colliery, 233 ; sells Bebside, 233, 296.

Ogle of Burradon, pedigree, 52 ; Lancelot (d. 1641),
arms on Burradon tower, 48 ; lawsuit, 372 ; Oliver
(d. 1616), marriage, 65 ; purchases Burradon, 51,
52, 372 ; Oliver (2) (d. 1670), marriage, 216 ;
tenant in Backworth, 23, 40.

Ogle of Cawsey park, James (d. 1598), arbitrator,
155; trustee, 213 n; James (2) (d. 1664), 20;
marriage, 52 ; John (1618), Bebside mortgaged to,
295 ; Wallis (1857), sells Burradon, 53.

Ogle of Ogle, Agnes, wife of Gilbert (1222), dower
in Burradon, 45 ; Anne (Lisle, Delaval) (circa
1540), 169; Cuthbert, lord (1570), freeholder in
Oldmoor, 85 n ; Ewyn, lord (1470), 151 n ; Gilbert
(1166), enfeoffed of moiety of Burradon, 44;
Gilbert (2), owner of Burradon, 45 ; Gilbert (3)
(1241), owner of Burradon, 45; witness, 249 n,
254 n; Margaret (Harbottle, Bellingham) (1424),
266, 267 ; Margaret (Harbottle. Middleton. Dacre)

INDEX.

399

(1548), 266, 26,S ; cLiims for dower, 269, 2S7
Robert (circa 1204), witness, 44 n ; Sir Robert (2)
(d. 1410), commissioner, 144 ; Sir Robert (3)
(1424), articles on d.iii},'hter's marriage, 2G7 ;
Robert, lord (1441), owner of Bnrradon, 45 p ;
Roger (thirteenth century), brother of Thomas,
witness, 254 n ; Thomas (1222), 45 ; witness, 253 n,
254n; William (d. 1479), of Ogle, 151 n; mar-
riage, 116; lands in Hartley, IlSn; Sir William,
of Cockle park (1533), niarri ige, 169; arbitrator,
83, 210.
Ogle of Tritlington, family of, interest in Bebside, 295.
Ogle (unclassified), Cuthbert, clerk (1536), 210;
Cuthbert, of Kirkley (circa 1660), marriage, 294 ;
Cuthbert, of Newcastle (1729), marriage, 2S0, 281 ;
Eleanor (Cramlington), of Choppington (I488),
215 ; Henry (1551)1 executor to George Cram-
lington, 217 ; Isabel, of Bothal (1539), bequest,
215; John, of Bradford (1670), marriage, xi, 52;
John, of Stainton (1690), 295; Matthew (1571),
leases East Hartford and Bebside, 288 ; Phillis
(Cramlington, Delaval, Ogle), of Ogle castle (d.
1609), 211-215, 217, 218, 294, 350 ; Richard (1610),
sells south Dissington, 172 ; Robert, of Holywell
(1500), 121 ; Sarah (Tyndale), of Buthal (1705),
21 ; Thomas (i6ig), 326 ; William, of Chibburn
(1711), 21.

Oldmoor, Fitzhugh and Bates lands in, 81, 85 n.

Orde of Orde, family of, owners of Burradon, 45 ;
family settlement, 372 ; Bertram, of Newcastle (circa
1550), marriage, 67 ; Edward, of Burradon (1648),
46 n ; George, of Newbiggin (1548), sells Burradon,
46, 51 n, 372 ; George (1594), marriage, 52 ; Ralph,
of West Orde (circa 1680), marriage, 172.

Osberwick, manor of, in barony of EUingham, 97.

Osborne, Alexander (circa 1602), works coal mines in
Cowpen, 228.

Ottley, Gilbert de (1300), chaplain, lOI.

Otway, Robert (1653), sells tenement in Backworth,
40 n ; Thomas, of Preston (1605), tenement in
Backworth, 40 n.

Ovington, property in, 315.

0.xley, Joseph, of Ford (eighteenth century), 132.

Pace, Andrew (1499), witness, 342 n ; Michael, of

Cramlington (1656), marriage, 20.
Pacock, John (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.
Page, John (1317), follower of Gilbert de .\IiJdleton,

109 n.

Pagild, Ralph (1 3 1 2), Seaton Delaval subsidy roll, 191.
Paramore, Richard (1602), leases coal mines in Cow-
pen, 227.

Park, John (1424), marriage, 115, 116 ; Roland (14S0),
mortgages land in Hartley, 115.

Parker, Samuel, of Whickham (1833), marriage, 89 ;
Walter (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.

Parkin, James (1662), of Hartley, 23.

Parkinson, Barbara (Mitford) (d. 1 596), 67.

Parr, Sir William, of Kendal (1512), coheir of Fitzhugh
estates, 80 ; William, marquis of Northampton
(1553), forfeiture of lands, 81, 85.

Parysh, Richard de (1402), chaplain, 321.

Paterby, Eudo de (1267), curate of Horton, 278.

Patterson, Richard (1551), bequest to, 217.

Pattison, Amor, of Newbiggin (i735)) marriage, 335 ;
Ann (Harbottle) (1777), 347; John, of Laverick
hall (1635), 273 ; Thomas (1601), tenant in Horton
272, 273 ; William Harbottle (1874), sells property
in Cowpen, 347.

Paulet, Lord Nassau (1740), marriage, 173.

Payne, George, of Sulby abbey (1801), marriage, 42.

Peace, Peter (1885), Presbyterian minister, 365.

Pearson, Jerome (1877), Roman Catholic priest at
Cowpen, 366 ; John (1649), tenant in Earsdon, 5 ;
Oswald (1570), tenant in Holywell, 85 ; Thomas
(seventeenth century), sells Earsdon farm, 10.

Peche, John de la, of Hampton-in-Arden (m. 1350),
261.

Pedigrees : Atkinson of Earsdon, 7 ; Barker of Ears-
don, 6-7 ; Basset of Offerton, 319 ; Bates of Holy-
well, 86-90, 373; Bowes of Thornton, 330: Castre
of Horton, 249 ; Charlton of Newcastle and Gates-
head, 346 ; Charron of Horton, 251 ; Cowpen, early
owners of, 316 ; Cramlington of Newsham, 215-217 ;
Delaval of Seaton Delaval, 167-175; Fenwick of
Earsdon, 12-13 ; Grey of Backworth, 41-42 ; Han-
nay of Blyth, 343 ; Harbottle of Horton, 266-267 i
Harbottle of Horton demesne, 272 ; Harbottle of
Newcastle, 347; Heton of Hartley, 116; Hodgson
of Cowpen, 333 ; Johnson of Bebside and Monk-
seaton, 296 ; Lawson of West Hartford, 289 ;
Middleton of Silksworth, 116 ; Mitford of Seghill,
65-68 ; Monboucher of Horton, 261-262 ; Newsum
of Newsham, 206 ; Ogle of Bebside, 294 ; Ogle of
Burradon, 52 ; Preston of Cowpen, 342-343 ; Purvis
of Earsdon, 7 ; Reed of West Hartford, 291 ;
Ruthall of Hartley, 116; Selby of Seghill, 56;
Sidney of Cowpen, 339-340 ; Sticklawe of Stickley,
255 ; Taylor of Chipchase, 8.9 ; Wanley of

400

INDEX.

'J'lioriUon, 330; Visioiinl of Ilculon, 245; WajJ
of Bcbside, 297-298 ; Watson of Cowpen, 335 ;
Watts of Blyth, 344-345 ; Whilchesler of Seat(jii
Delaval, 145.

Percy, Eleanor, see Harbottle ; Henry de, second lord
Percy (d. 1353), no; Henry, first earl of North-
umberland (d. 1407), 64 n ; Sir Ileniy (d. 1403),
guardian of Bertram Monboucher, 265 ; Henry,
fourth earl of Northumberland (d. 1489), petition
to, 150.151 ; Henry, fifth earl of Northumberland
(d. 1527), suit in Star Chamber, 268 ; Henry, ninth
earl of Northumberland (d. 1632), buys Tyne-
mouth rectory. 282; letter to, 125 n ; petition to,
272 ; Hugh, third duke of Northumberland (d.
1847), purchases Backworth, 14,43,94; Sir Thomas
(d. 1537), 210; marriage, 266, 269 ; Thomas, seventh
earl of Northumberland (d. 1572), rebellion and
forfeiture, 84-85, 224, 288.

Perrin, James, of Newcastle (eighteenth century), 8.

Persbrygg, Thomas (140S), chaplain of Seaton Delaval,
117, 188.

Philipson, Ralph (1847), colliery owner, 239.

Phillip, William (1573), tenant in Hartley, 122.

Phillips, Francis (l6og), grantee of Horton tithes, 283.

Phin, John (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.

Pickering, Adam de {circa 1300), coroner of Tyne-
mouthshire, 38.

Pierpoint, Sir Edmund (.fourteenth century), marriage,
261.

Pigg, Eleanor (Killingworth) (1628), 20; John (d.
1689), of Newcastle, lo-ii ; charity, 11, 18, 22.

Pirn, Amy (Fenwick) (d. 1904), marriage, 13.

Pinkie Cleugh, battle of, 67.

Place, Catherine (Reed) (d. 1761), 281, 291.

Plague, outbreaks of, 22, 23. See also Black Death.

Plessey, purchased by Brandling, 219; purchased by
Ridley family, 220, 232 ; colliery, 231-237, 357, 361 ;
wagonway, 203, 220, 231, 303, 357 ; Wesleyan
congregation at, 365.

Plessey (Plessis), Adam de (twelfth century), witness,
309 ; Sir John de (1270), witness, 245, 248 n, 249 n,
252 n, 253 n, 254 n, 256 n ; Richard de (1201),
founds Hartford bridge chapel, 284.

Plessey checks, 283.

Pokerley, co. Durham, 256.

Pollington. See Savile.

Ponteland, Charron property in, 246 ; fast held at, 23 ;
vicar of, see Harbottle.

Poor-relief, documents relating to, 24, 281.

Pope, Philip E., marriage, 9.

Porter, Robert (1312), Newsham subsidy roll, 206.

Portgate, Vaux lands in, 320 n.

Portman, Sir Richard (1547), chief justice, 287.

Potter, John (d. 1763), curate of Horton, 279; John,
secretary for Ireland, marriage, 173 ; William, of
Hawkwell {circa 1710), marriage, 87 ; William
(1824), colliery owner, 241.

Potts, Edward (1715), 24; Isabel (Reed) (1723), 21 ;
John (1847), colliery owner, 239 ; Peter (1695), buys
Cowpen tithes, 282 ; buys lands in Cowpen, 337,
33**! 341 ; family of, xii, 341 n ; William (1695),
landowner in Cowpen, 337.

Prehistoric remains: axe-hammer from Seghill, 53-54;
rapier from the Blyth, 305-306.

Prenderleith barony, 56, 63.

Preston, in Ellingham, Harbottle property, 265, 266,
268, 270.

Preston, in T)'nemouth, manor, 35 ; properties in, 43,
81, 296, 297.

Preston of Cowpen, pedigree, 342-343 ; Alexander
(1498), buys lands in Cowpen, 341-342 ; Ann
(Dalston) (d. 1716), 6; Florence (1695), landowner
in Cowpen, 337 ; Gawen, of Newcastle (1670),
marriage, 66 ; Jane (Watson) (d. 1763), 335 ; John
(1535)) lease of salt pans and coal pits, 224; free
tenant in Cowpen, 321 ; John (2) (1596), lawsuits,
225-226; party to division, 325-327; John (3), of
Newcastle (1649), copyholder in Earsdon, 5, 6;
John (4) (d. 1664), sells Cowpen farm, 345 ; Richard
(1599)1 226; tenant in Cowpen, 323; Robert, of
Newcastle (1639), buys farm in Cowpen, 334 ;
Robert (2). of Newcastle (1701), sells Cowpen farm,
334; Roger de (1294), Cowpen tallage roll, 309;
Thomas (d. 1 592), tenant in Cowpen, 324 ; leases
Cowpen coal mines, 224.

Price, Frances (Watts) (1889), 345.

Pringle, Anthony (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313.

Prior, Christopher, of Monkseaton (1603), marriage,
216 ; George, of North Shields (1826), resident in
Blyth, 362.

Proctor, Anthony (1680), sells Cowpen farm, 345 ;
Florence (Preston, Anderson) (1664), 342 ; Henry
le, of Trewick (fourteenth century), 102 n ; Jane
(Bates) (1672), 373 ; John, of Newcastle (1664),
buys farm in Cowpen, 342, 345 ; John Humphrey,
of Shawdon (m. 1642), xi, 66.

Prudhune, William (1293), sued for land in Burradon,

49-
Pryce, William (1572), works Cowpen coal mines,

374-

INDEX.

401

PuJsey, Henrj'de(ii<)o), justiciar of bishop of Duiliam,
73; Hugfi de, bishop of Durham (1153-I195),
charters of, 14, 187, 275, 314; administration of
Northumberland, 73 ; John de (1190), witness, 74 n.

Punchardon, Sir Nicholas (rirca 1294), marriage, 167.

Purvis of Earsdon, pedigree of, 7, xi ; Ann (Smith)
(circa 1740), 7 ; Charles Dalston (1800), marriage,
335; Elizabeth (Barker) (d. 1819), 7 ; Henry, of
Bedlington (d. 1789), 7.

Pye, Eleanor (Bates), of Morpeth (circa 1680), 87 ;
John, of London (1692), works Bebside colliery,
233 ; Roger (1534), leases Blyth salt pans, 350 n.

Pythie, Edward (circa 1568), tenant in Seaton Delaval,
201.

Quentry, Henry (1728), 70.

Quoynt, John (13 17), leader in Middleton's rebellion,
log.

Radcliffe, Sir Cuthbert (1533), arbitrator, 83 ; sells
lands in Hartley, 123; Edward (1498), witness,
342 n ; Sir Francis (1595), 123 n, 176; Sir George
(1573)1 freeholder in Hartley, 96, 122 ; James, earl
of Derwentwater (1715), 219 ; Lady Mary (1715),
owner of Newsham, 219-220; Thomas (d. 1715),
17 ; purchases Plessey and Newsham, 219, 231.

Railways, Blyth and Tyne, 239-240, 242, 302, 370;
Cramlington colliery, 241, 242 ; manufacture of
rails, 300.

Ramey, Anne (Seddon) (1646), 339.

Ramsay, George, of Bewick (cuca 1660), marriage,
172; Sir John (1605), crown grantee, 289 ; Thomas,
of Cowpen (1826), resident in Blyth, 362.

Randall, Matthew (1622), marriage, 176.

Raven, Christiana (1296), Newsham subsidy roll, 206 ;
Robert (1336), Newsham subsidy roll, 206 n ;
family of, 206 n.

Rawthorn, Margaret (Grey) (d. 1746), 41.

Raymes, Nicholas (1372), reversion of Delaval estates
granted to, 144, 146 ; Robert, of Shortflat (circa
(1560), marriage, 169.

Raynton, Thomas de (1325), grant to, 38 n.

Readhead, Ambrose (1595), 91 ; Edmund (circa 1568),
tenant in Seaton Delaval, 201 ; George, of Cowpen
Quay (1826), resident in Blyth, 362 ; Robert (1591),
owns farm in Cowpen, 324, 332 n ; sells to Robert
Widdrington, 336.

Reaveley, Fitzhugh's lands in, 81.

Vol. IX.

Rcay, Anne (Johnson) (1692), 296 ; acquires farm in
Earsdon, 11.

Rebellion of the northcin earls, 84-85.

Redesdale, 106, 154.

Redhugh, of Ilollinside, family of, 51 and n.

Redman, Matthew de(l3S9), commission to, 144, 265.

Redshaw, Thomas, of Bombay (1759), marriage, 66.

Reed of West Hartford, pedigree of, 29 1 ; Catherine
(Gardiner) (1648), 20 ; Francis (1630), marriage,
I59i 170, 274 ; Gabriel, of Elsdon (1723), marriage,
21 ; John (1582), tenant of Holywell, 84, 85, 196 ;
William (d. 1 739), owner of West Hartford, 290.

Reid, John (1497), tenant of St. Ninian's hermitage,
120; John (1872), minister in Cowpen, 365.

Remyngton, John (1431), 68 n.

Renton, Leslie, marriage, 9.

Replinton, .'\dam de (1241), quit-claim of land in Bur.
radon, 45.

Reve, Thomas (1554), grant of farm in Hol^'well, 82.

Reynolds, Sir Joshua, portraits by, 177.

Rhodes, Robert de (1465), buys manor of Benwell, 145,
149, 150 n.

Richardson, Christopher, of Barnes (1599), leases land
in Seaton Delaval, 193 n ; Thomas (1546), tenant
in Cowpen, 313.

Richmond, John of Brittany, earl of (1268), 250, 255 ;
John of Brittany (2), earl of (1310), grant to Mon-
boucher, 260 ; military campaigns, 262, 263. See
also Savoy and Stuart.

Richmondshire, custody of, 250-251 ; insurrection in,
109.

Riddell, Alice (Middleton) (circa 1520), 116; Alice
(Delaval) (1611), 170; life-interest in Cowpen, 328,
331 ; John de (thirteenth century), witness, 249 n ;
Mary ( Delaval) (d. 1675), 175; Sir Peter (1637), pur-
chases Cowpen windmill, 331 ; Sir Thomas (1619),
326 ; Sir Thomas (2) (1644), governor of Tyne-
mouth, 23 ; Thomas (3) (1655), owner of West
Hartford, 290 ; William de (1318), sherifif, 59 n, 109.

Ridley, Dorothy (Wolfall) (1669), 2S0 ; Sir Matthew,
of Heaton, first baronet (1755), inherits Newsham,
221 ; builds Blyth chapel, 362 ; Sir Matthew White,
third baronet (d. 1836), works Plessey and Cowpen
collieries, 234, 237-239 ; Sir Matthew White, fourth
baronet, 242, 370 ; purchases West Hartford, 291 ;
Matthew White, first viscount, 364, 367 n ; Matthew
White, second viscount, 221, 291 ; Nicholas (1692),
purchases Heaton, 66; Nicholas (2) (d. 1 751), of
Blyth Linkhouse, 220 n, 232 ; Richard (1723), pur-
chases Plessey and Newsham, 220, 232, 357.

402

INDEX.

Rix, George (1810), minister of Blylli, 363.

Rixon, Rebecca (Bates) (1885), 90.

Roads, medieval. See Castle-way, I'Msliers' road.

Roberts, Martha (Watts) (18S2), 345.

Robertson, William (d. 184O), minister al Hartley,
iSg n ; at Cowpen, 365.

Robinson, Cuthbert (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313;
Edward (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313 ; George
(1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313; George (1846),
shipbuilder at Cowpen Quay, 369 ; John (1536),
tenant in Seaton Oelaval, 195 ; John (1700), tenant
in Cowpen, 334 n ; Ralph, of Gateshead (circa 1720),
marriage, 173 ; Thomas (1546), tenant in Cowpen,
313, 321 ; Thomas, of Morpeth (eighteenth century),
8 ; William (1568), tenant in Seaton Delaval,
201.

Rockley, Duncan de (thirteenth century), witness,
254 n.

Rodestane moor (1320), possession disputed, 34.

Robson, Ralph, of South Blyth (^ciica 1810), marriage,
333-

Roch.ford, Anne (Sidney) (d. 1802), 339.

Rogers, John, of Denton (1722), marriage, 163, 172.

Rogerson, John, of Ellington (1402), land in Cowpen,
321 n.

Rokeby, Ralph, of Harraton (1634), marriage, 170.

Rolls, Richard, of Hartley (1662), 23.

Roman remains ; Backworth find, 26-32 ; coins, 348.

Ros, Robert de (1215), 139; itinerant justice, 317 n ;
grant to Kirkham priory, 265 n ; William de
(1318), commissioner for truce with Scotland,

59 n-

Rotheram, Edward (1602), interest in Cowpen coal
mines, 227.

Rotherford. See Rutherford.

Rous, Elizabeth (Bates) (eighteenth century), 373 ;
Thomas (eighteenth century), marriage, 373.

Routledge, John, of West Allendale (1792), 281.

Row, William, of Newcastle (1702), partner in Cowpen
colliery, 234.

Ruddock, Richard, of Waterloo (1S26), resident in
Blyth, 362.

Rugh, Richard (1574), tenant in Hartley, 124.

Rugley, early ownership of, 315, 317.

Run-rig system of husbandry, 324.

Rushyford (1317), bishop of Durham captured at, 107.

Ruthall, pedigree of, 116; George (1599), sells rent-
charge on Hartley, 123 n; Henry (1529), lease of
Hartley lands, 115; Richard (1575), freeholder in
Hartley, 96, 121-123, 125 n.

Rutherford, of Middleton hall, family of, 123 n ; Anne
(Purvis) (d. i860), 7 ; Sir Aymar de (1292),
marriage, 104; Robert de (1404), marriage, 114,
116; Robert, of Whitley (1729), marriage, 21 ;
Vincent (1575), freeholder in Hartley, 122, 123,
125 n.

Rutter, Edward, of Earsdon (1662), 23.

Ryal, acquired by Mitford family, 65, 6g ; sold to
Sir William Blackett, 67.

Rydesdale, Anselm de (circa 1 290), witness. Son;
William de (circa 1290), witness, 50 n.

Ryhill, Michael de (1284), releases claims to Horton,
245, 259 n ; Robert de (1323), witnes, 35 n, 264 n,
286 n ; Sir Thomas de (d. 1267), marriage, 245,
249 ; will, 252, 256 n ; Thomas de (1284), heir to
Horton, 252, 259 n ; witness, 246.

Sabaudia. See Charron.

Sabraham, Alice (Lewin) (1387), 45; Nicholas de
(1387), owner of Burradon, 45 ; William de (1391),
64 n.

Saburne, Bertram (1649), tenant in Earsdon, 5 ;
Robert, of Earsdon (1662), 23.

Sadler, .Adam (1377), tenant in Backworth, 39.

St. .Alban's, abbots of, Richard de Albini (1097-1119),
grant from Henry I. to, 54 n ; Geoffrey (i 1 19-1 146),
grant of Seghill, 54 ; Simon (1167-1188), composi-
tion with Bishop Pudsey, 275 ; grant of land in
Cowpen, 309; Roger de Norton (1263-1290),
homages received by, 32, 55, 285, 293 ; John de
Berkhamstead (1290-1301), homages received by,
56, 285, 309 n ; John Maryns (1 302-1308), homages
received by, 34, 37 ; Michael de Mentmore (1334-
1349). 36 " ; John de Whethamstede (I420-1464),
55 n-

St. .Alban's chapel. See Earsdon.

St. Bartholomew's, Newcastle, nunnery of, endowment,
141; lands in Holywell, ib-TJ, 134; lands in
Horton, 253 n.

St. Cuthbert's chapel. See Blyth.

St. Helen's chapel. See St. Mary's Island.

St. Martin, Henry de (1242), marriage, 103,

St. Mary's chapel. See Seaton Delaval.

St. Mary's Hospital, Westgate, lands in Newsham,
203-204, 206 ; lands in Horton, 253 n.

St. Mary's Island, 96 ; medieval chapel on, 97, 120 ;
lighthouse on, 120.

St. Ninian's hermitage, I20.

St. Paul's school, London, 283.

INDEX.

403

St. Peter, RicliarJ Je, uf Killiiii;wurth (1268), witness,

49 n.
Siilkeld, John (1666), m;irriage, 216.
Salt trade at Hartley (Mardle-dene pans), 97, 117-118,
126.132, 225, 354 ; at Cowpen, 223-226, 272, 287 n,
312, 314, 321 n, 325, 327, 353; at North Blyth,
318, 350-352 ; at South Blyth, 204, 205 n, 232-233,
349, 357 and n, 369.
Salter, Ralph (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.
Saltersford, 76, 77, 96, 117 n.

Sanderson, John (1546), tenant in Covv|ien, 313 ;
Thomas (1538), tenant in Cowpen, 313, 321 ;
Thomas (1797), marriage, 346.
Sandford, John (1717), rent-charge on Newshani estate,

220, 221.
San Flisco, Luca di (1318), lanlinal, 107.
Saunders, Matthew, of Shankton (1602), leases coal

mines in Cowpen, 227.
Saunderson. See Sanderson.
Savile, John, first earl of Me.\borough (1760), marriage

173 ; portrait, 177.
Savoy, Peter of, earl of Richmond (d. 1268), 249-250.
Scaleby, John (fifteenth century), grant of land in

Burradon, 45.
Scales, William marriage, 9.
Scargill, Sir William de (1316), marriage, 251.
Scaufyn, Roger, of Cramlington (thirteenth century),

witness, 244 n, 254 notes.
Schools, at Earsdon, 22 ; Hartley, 22 n, 189, 365 ;

Cowpen, 278 ; Blyth, 367-368.
Scirueton, Pycot de (thirteenth century), witness, 249 n.
Scot of Elswick, family of, property in Backworth, 37 ;
Adam (circa 1204), witness, 44 n ; Nicholas (fitz
Mayor) (circa 1252), property in Elswick and Back-
worth, 37 : Peter (thirteenth century), witness,
204 n ; William (circa 1204), witness, 44 n.
Scott, .\vme (Cramlington) (d. 1 764), 216; C. Grantham
(nineteenth century), marriage, 42 ; Sarah (Delaval)
(d. 1829), 173; William (1740), marriage, 281 ;
William (1824), colliery owner, 241.
Scotton, John de (1297), witness, 258 n ; Richard, son
of Gilbert de (1267), witness, 248 n. See also
Shotton.
Scrope of Masham, family of, own moiety of Holywell,

79-80, 145.
Seals : Sir William Basset, 319 ; William de Castre,
252 n ; Sir Robert Cla.xton, 321 n ; Delaval family,
165-166; Walran de Horton, 246; Dame Eleanor
Percy," 271 n ; Stikelawe family, 24.S n, 253 n,
254 n.

Seaton, Adam de (1391), sued by John de Selby, 64 n ;
Benedict de (1280), 56 n ; Edmund de (1190),
witness, 74 n ; John de, chaplain (1333), trustee in
entail of Seaton Delaval, 143 n, I45 ; witness, 37 n;
Robert de (twelfth century), I37n; Roger de
(1296), Seghill subsidy roll, 58.

Seaton burn. See Holywell dene.

Seaton Delaval, barony of, extent, 136.137; tenure,
137 ; descent of, see Delaval.

Seaton Delaval chapel, account of, 182-189 ! architectu-
ral description, 182-184 ; effigies, 184-185 ; heraldry,
185-186; history, 186-189; list of chaplains, 188.

Seaton Delaval hall, history and architectural descrip-
tion, 177-182.

Seaton Delaval TOWNSHIP, 133-202; in Earsdon
parish, 2, 14, 23, 71; boundaries, 133-135,92,96,
126 n ; roads, 135 ; woods, 96, 192, 193 ; commons,
83.84, 92, 134, 192-193; links, 130, 193; wells,
134 n; mills, 73,79, 81, 96 n, 117, 125, 133, 145,
190-192, 198-199 ; descent of manor, 136-165, 204 ;
surveys, 190-192, 202 ; e.ttracts from court rolls,
91, 96 n, 134-135, 188 n, 192-201 ; services and
suit of court to, 73, 79, 81, 91 ; status of customary
tenants, 197 ; eviction and enclosure, 124, 201-202 ;
colliery, 160, 176, 241-242 ; Presbyterian congrega-
tion, 189; census returns, 133 n.

Seaton lodge, 161-162.

Seaton Sluice, historical account of, 125-133; harbour,
126-129 ; bottle works and general trade, 129-132 ;
chapel, 189. See a/so Hartley.

Seaton Terrace, 72, 135.

Seaton, North, colliery, 241, 242.

Seddon, Laurence (d. 1675), 340 n. See also Sidney.

Seghill TOWNSIlir, 53-72, 145, 147 ; in Earsdon parish,
2, 14, 23 ; stone axe-hammer found at, 53-54 !
tenure of, 54-55 ; manor granted to Monboucher,
60-61, 260, 263; tower, 57-58, 69-70 ; colliery, 71,
239, 241 ; constituted distinct parish, 24, 71 ; urban
district, 72 ; census returns, 53 n.

Selby of Seghill and Biddleston, account of family, 55-
56, 58-64; pedigree, 56; Sir Adam de (1264), 55-
56 ; witness, 244 n, 246, 248 n, 252 n, 253 n, 254
notes ; John de (1372), Lays claim to Seghill, 64 ;
Dukesfield and Brandon settled on, 144, 146 ;
Margaret (Rutherford) (sixteenth century), 123 n ;
Percival (1520), grant to, 188 n ; Sir Walter de
(1216), 55 ; Waller de (2) (1256), 247 ; witness,
260 n ; Sir Walter de (3) (d. 1346), life of, 58-64 ;
marriage, 58, 168 ; Biddleston settled on, 58, 167 ;
joins in Middleton's rebellion, 58, 107-111, 263.

404

INDEX.

Selby (unclassified), Barbara (Delaval) (1 621), 170,
177 ; Callerton settled on, 159, 175 ; Elizabeth
(Delaval) (d. 1658), 172 ; Sir George, of Whiiehouse
(1621), 175, 177 ; John, of Twizell (1621), family of,
176 ; William, of Newcastle (d. 1613), family of, 176.

Serill, John (1 296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105 ; William
(1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105.

Seton. See Seaton.

Shad, William (1472), witness, 150 n.

Shadforth, Fanny (Watts), (d. 1878), 345 ; Rebecca
(Delaval), (d. 1707), 174.

Shafto, Dorothy (Pace), of Stickley (1656), marriage,
20; Edward, of Hexham Spital (1701), marriage,
172 ; Eleanor (Mitford) (1574), 67 ; Gilbert de
(1286), lands in Cowpen, 319 n ; George, of Little
Bavington (1723), 163; John, of Stickley (1628),
273 ; John, of Little Bavington (1707), marriage,
87, xi ; Matthew (1574), tenant in Horton, 273 ;
Ralph, of Horton (1657), marriage, 20 ; Rowland
(1601), tenant in Horton, 272, 273 ; family of, 273 ;
William de (1286), property in Cowpen, 319 n ;
William (1588), marriage, 65.

Sharpe, John, archdeacon, visitations (1764), 18, 21 ;
Thomas, archdeacon, visitations (1723), 17, 21, 189.

Sharping-corn, explanation of term, 198 n.

Sherington, Ralph de {circa 1400), marriage, 147 n.

Shield, Peter, of Tynemouth (1S03), buys farm in
Earsdon, 8.

Shipley, Harbottle lands in, 270.

Shipley, Richard (1 574), tenant in Hartley, 124.

Shire Moor, 2 ; part annexed to Backworth, 25, 43.
See also Rodestane moor.

Shireburn, Richard de (1258), escheator, 78 n.

Short, Andrew, of Choppington, buys property in
Hartley (1894), 132.

Shotton, sale of estate (1700), 219, 220; Vaux and
Widdrington lands in, 320 n, 32 1 n, 336.

Shotton, Roger, of Blyth (1755), owns granary at
North Blyth, 356 n ; William,of Holywell (1662), 23.

Sickarnham, Ann (Hilton) (1691), 21.

Sidney, of Cowpen, pedigree of, 339-340 ; Henry
(d. 1762), buys Cowpen hall and lands, 341, 231 ;
buys Cowpen tithes, 283 ; Marlow (d. 1804), 356 n ;
Marlow John (d. 1859), buys Cowpen house, 334 ;
lets coal under his estate, 239 ; builds Roman
Catholic chapel, 366.

Silksworth, manor of, 116.

Silvertop, John, of Windmill house (1708), marriage,
21 ; William, of Blyth (1722), agent for Plessey col-
liery, 219 ; tenant of Link house, 220 n ; death, 1S9.

Simpson, Elizabeth {nee Selby) (1622), 176; John, of
Hartley, schoolmaster (d. 1649), 22 n ; Margaret
(Hodgson) (d. 1833), 333; Robert (1671), mar-
riage, 52.

Singleton, archdeacon (1826), visitation of Earsdon,
18, 21.

Sisterson, Ralph, of Birtley (1845), marriage, 333.

Skipsey, Gawen (1574), tenant in Hartley, 124, 196.

Skipwith, Elizabeth (Monboucher) (1409), 261.

Slaley. See Dukesfield.

Slaueley, William de (1270), witness, 245.

Sleekburn, East, colliery, 237, 239, 242.

Sleekburn, West, Cramlington lands in, 215.

Sleekburn gut, 238, 240.

Slingsby, John, of Newcastle (1424), 82 n.

Smelt, Thomas, of Gray's Inn (1608), marriage, 86,
91, 294.

Smith, Ann (Delaval) (i5i8), 169 ; John (1663), free-
holder in Cowpen, 327 n ; John Abel (1827), mar-
riage, 42 ; Oflfley (eighteenth century), marriage,
373 ; Richard, of Shotton (1797), works Cowpen
collier)', 236 ; Robert (1619), freeholder in Cowpen,
325.327 ; Susannah (Barker) (1766), 7 ; William
(1498), tenant in Cowpen, 342 n.

Smytheton, Andrew de (1304), owner of Delaval estates,
58, lOl, 167; Margery de, see Delaval.

Snaffeld, Robert de (1296 and 1312), Cowpen subsidy
roll, 320.

Snype, John (1336), Hartley subsidy roll, 113.

Southcote, Edmund (nineteenth century), marriage,

34°-
Spearman, Dorothy (Corde) (1663), 20 ; John, of

Hetton (1689), owner of West Hartford colliery,

220 n, 232 ; Robert, of Preston (circa 1600), mar-
riage, 86.
Spence, James (1855), owner of Bedlington ironworks,

302.
Spour, Thomas, of Cowpen Quay (1 826), resident in

Blyth, 362.
Spring, George (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313 ; John,

of Brigg (1759)1 marriage, 66.
Springald, Walter (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310 ;

William (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.
Spurnwell, Robert (circa 1570), tenant in Seghill, 69.
Stamfordham, held by Roger fitz Hugh, 315.
Stanhope, Sir William, of Eytherup (1759), marriage,

173-
Stannington, hospital of Hartford Bridge in, 2S4 ; vicars

of, see Halliden, Hawdon, Wood.
Star Chamber, suits in court of, 91, 155 n, 269.

INDEX.

405

Starkey, John (1605), grant of crown lands in Cowpen,
318.

Stayward, Elinor (Silvertop), of Golden-hole (1708), 21.

Steel, Elizabeth (Watson) (1787), 335 ; Walter (1296),
Hartley subsidy roll, 105.

Steigenberger, Anastasia (Sidney) (d. 1874), 340.

Stella, colliery at, 232.

Stephenson, Elizabeth (Perrin, Robinson) (1783), sells
Earsdon farm, 8 ; John (1574), tenant in Hartley,
124; John, of North Shields (1732), buys farm in
Earsdon, 8 ; George, railway engineer, 300 ; Richard,
of Newcastle (circa 1470), 153.

Stevenson. See Stephenson.

Stewart, Edward, of North Shields (1708), 9; family
of, 9.

Stickley, in Horton, 243 ; granted to Walran. of
Horton, 244-246 ; leases of, 248, 264 n ; history of
estate, 252-255 and notes, 270.

Stikelawe of Stickley, pedigree of, 255 ; account of
family, 253-255 ; Richard de, vicar of Edlingham
(1274), suit against, 103 ; alienation of lands, 254-
255 ; witness, 244 n, 252 n, 253 n, 254 notes ; Richard
de (2) (1299), witness, 254 n, 279 ; Walter de
(thirteenth century), witness, 254 n ; William de
(1256), grants by, 248 n, 253 n, 254 n ; witness,
204 n, 254 n.

Stilir, William, bond of Earsdon (1295), 3.

Stitnam, Thomas, sub-prior of Guisborough (1478), 268.

Stoddart, Charles, vicar of ChoUerton (eighteenth
century), marriage, 88.

Stoneheure, Harriet (Bates) (1S52), 89.

Story, Andrew, of Berwick (1 591), buys lands in
Cowpen, 332 ; Edward (15 16), chaplain of Seaton
Delaval, 188 ; Edward (1601), tenant in Horton,
272 ; Gerard (1501), chaplain of Seaton Delaval,
188 ; James (1568), tenant in Seaton Delaval, 201 ;
Robert (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313; Thomas,
of North BIyth (1755), 356 n ; William, of New-
biggin (1624), freeholder in Cow-pen, 325-327 ; sells
Cowpen lands, 332, 334, 342.

Stoveld, William, of Petworth (1S28), dock-owner at
Blyth, 369.

Stracton, John (1538), tenant in Cowpen, 313.

Straker, Charles, of High Warden, owner of Burradon,
53 ; John, of Tynemouth (1857), colliery owner,
241 ; purchases Burradon, 53 ; Joseph, of Benwell
(1857), colliery owner, 241 ; purchases Burradon, 53.

Strangeways, John, of Cheswick (i595), marriage, 65.

Streatfield, Sidney, marriage, 9.

Strivelyn, Sir John, 116.

Slrothcr, William, of Fowberry (1675), marriage, 171 ;
children of, 20.

Stuart, Charles, duke of Richmond (1671), letter to,
127 n.

Sturceley, Robert (1294), Cowpen tallage roll. 309.

Stutevill, .Mice de (1217), pardon, 140 n.

Sty ward, William (circa 1290), witness, 50 n.

Suaynwyt, Roger (1296), tenant in Backworth, 33.

Subsidy, rolls : A. (1294)— Cowpen, 309 ; B. (1296) —
Backworth, 33 ; Burradon, 45 ; Cowpen, 310, 320;
Earsdon, 4 ; Hartford, 285 n ; Hartley, 105 ; Holy-
well, 78 ; Horton, 256 ; Newsham, 206 ; Seaton
Delaval, 190; Seghill, 58; C. (1312)— Burradon,
50 ; Cowpen, 320 ; Hartley, 105 ; Holywell, 78 ;
Horton, 260; Newsham, 206; Seaton Delaval, 191;
D. (1336) -Hartley, 113 ; Holywell, 78 n ; Horton,
263 n ; Newsham, 206 n ; Seaton Delaval, 191.

Sulope, Sir John (circa I470), 153.

Sunderland (1643), prohibition of e.\port of coal from,
230, 355-

Surtees, Aubone, of Newcastle (1792), partner in Cow-
pen colliery, 234 ; John, of Newcastle (1792),
partner in Cowpen colliery, 234 ; Mary (Purvis)
(d. 1798), 7 ; Thomas de (1331), grant of Felling
to, 61 n.

Surveys, general: Joshua Delaval' s (1595), Cowpen,
323; Hartley, 124; Seaton Delaval, 201; Seghill,
69 ; Hall and Humberstones (1 570), Thomas Bates'
lands, 85 and n ; earl of Northumberland's lands,
287 n, 321 n.

Surveys of Tynemouthshire : A. (1292) — Backworth,
33 ; Bebside, 293 ; Earsdon, 2 ; Hartford, 285 ;
Hartley, 102; Holywell, 82; B. (1294)— Back-
worth, 33 ; Bebside, 292 ; Earsdon, 2 ; C. (1 323) —
Cowpen, 310-311 ; D. (1377) — Backworth, 38-39;
Bebside, 293; Cowpen, 312; Earsdon, 4; Hart-
ford, 285 ; Hartley, 102 ; Seghill, 55 ; E. (1538)—
Backworth, 39; Bebside, 293; Cowpen, 313;
Earsdon, 4 ; Hartford, 286 ; Hartley, 102 ; Holy-
well, 82.

Suthun, Henry de (twelfth century), witness, 309 n.

Sutton-upon-Trent, manor of, 251, 252, 256, 260, 261,
270.

Sutton, Mary de (Charron) (1261), 251, 252, 259 n ;
James (1662), tenant in Newsham, 23, 218.

Swan, Mary (Hodgson) (d. 1734), 333; Robert (1574),
tenant in Hartley, 124, 196 ; Thomas (1579), tenant
in Seaton Delaval, 196, 201.

Swethop, John de (12S3), suit against, 103 - 104 ;
William de (circa I 300), witness, 260 n.

4o6

INDEX.

Swinburne, Wesl, Middleton's lands in, 104, 105.

Swinburne, Adam de, sheriff (1317), arrested, 106, logn;
blackmail paid to, 373; Alexander de («'«« 1 300),
witness, 260 n; E. de (1332), 312 n; John de (1318),
penance at Rome for rebellion, 5gn; Sir John de
(1310), witness, 260 n ; John (circa 1570), leases
Little Benton, 85 n; marriage, 294; Sir John, of
Capheaton (seventeenth century), buys Cowpen
farm, 337; Juliana de (Middleton, Rutherford)
(1290), 104; Nicholas de (thirteenth century), 104 ;
Robert (1424), witness, 82 n.

Swinhoe, John, of Rock (1492), marriage, 266 ; Thomas,
of Cornhill (1585), lands in Hartley, 123 n.

Tailfonh, John (1601), tenant in Horlon, 272 ; William

(1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313.
Tallage roll (1294) ; Backworth, 33 and n; Cowpen,

309 ; Earsdon, 3 n.
Tanfield, co. Durham, acquired by Sir Guischard

Charron, 256, 270.
Tate, William (1595), lease of Cowpen farms,

3^3-
Taylor, of Earsdon and Chipchase, pedigree of, S-9 ;

descent of Earsdon property, 8-io ; Hugh (d. 1868),

benefaction, 22 ; Messrs., owners of North Seaton

colliery, 241.
Taylor (unclassified), Arthur (1573), tenant in Hartley,

122, 124, 196; Christopher (1573), tenant in

Hartley, 122, 124; Edward (1570), tenant in

Holywell, 77 n, 85 ; Elizabeth (Johnson) (1695),

296; Gilbert, of Holywell (1563), will of, 14 n;

John (1663), freeholder in Holywell, 23, 94 ;

William (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310; William

(1573)1 tenant in Hartley, 96, 122, 124.
Teasdale, Christopher, of Houghton-le-Spring {circa

1720), marriage, 87.
Tempest, Eleanor (Middleton) (1483), ii(i.
Templeman, Robert, of Horton (thirteenth centuiy),

grants of land in Horton, 244 n, 253 n, 256 n.
Teutonicus, Reyner (1241), acquires Rugley, 317.
Tewing, Adam de, sic Tynemouth, priors uf ; Richard

de, see Tynemouth, priors of; Robert de (1345),

grant to Tynemouth priory, 37.
Thicknesse, George, Baron Audley (1781), marriage,

174.
Thinn, Margaret (Dunford) (1720), 21.
Thirston, Harbottle property in, 264, 270.
Thomas, Basil (1838), Roman Catholic priest at

Cowpen, 366.

Thomlinson, William (1736), founder of BebsiJe iron-

works, 298 ; family of, 298 n.
Thompson, George (1828), curate of Horton, 280 ;

John (d. 1810), chaplain of BIyth, 363 ; Thomas

(1574), tenant in Hartley, 124; William (1828),

curate of Horton, 280.
Thornton, Roger, mayor of Newcastle (1424), 51 n;

witness, 82 n.
Thoroton, Thomas (d. 181 3), marriage, 234, 330.
Thoroton and Croft estate. See Cowpen.
Thunderle, .Andrew de (1309), releases claim to manor

of Cowpen, 320.
Tibenham, Dionisia {circa I 240), coheiress of Tritling-

ton, 205.
TiUiolf, William (I47S), 268.
Timms, Grace (Taylor), marriage, 9.
Tissick. See Tyzack.

Tisun, Germanus (circa 1204), witness, 44 n.
Titlyngton, Alexander de (1269), witness, 252 n.
Tithes, suit relating to Seghill tithes, 56 ; tithes of

I3elaval barony granted to Tynemouth, 136; of

Elwick, CO. Durham, 158 ; tithes of Horton

chapelry, 277, 278, 282-283.
Tod, Adam (1293), sued for land in Killingworth,

49-50 ; Edward, of Cornhill (1700), lease to. 198 n.
Todd, John, of Burradon (1662), 23.
Todridge, Mary (Hannay) (d. 178 1 ), 343-
Togsden, Sir Roger de (thirteenth century), witness,

249 n.
Toll, famdy of, property in Cowpen, 345.
Toppin, Elizabeth (Tyzack) (1671), 20.
Town, Edward, of Blyth (1826), resident in Blyth, 362.
Treakell, William (1783), curate of Horton, 280.
Tredgold, Thomas (1498), tenant in Cowpen, witness,

342 n.
Trehantun. See Trihamtun.
Trentley. See EUingham.
Treu, Amery de (1331), Felling granted to, 61.
Trewick, property in, 102 n.
Trewick, of Cramlington, family of, landowners in

Hartley, 102 and n; John de (1311), 102 n ;

witness, 254 n ; Thomas de (d. 1399), 102; wit-
ness, 2S6 n ; William de (1297), 102 n ; witness,

258 n, 278.
Trihamtun, Peter de (thirteenth century), witness,

25+ n, 372.
Trinity House of London, lighthouse built by (1898),

120.

Trinity House of Newcastle. See Newcastle.
Tritlington, 205, 319 ; Harbottle lands in, 270.

INDEX.

407

Trillinglon, John de(l2i7), pardon, 140 n.

Truket, Robert, son of VV.iller (1338), lease of land in
Holywell, 77 n.

Trumball, ClemeTit (1715), of Rarsdon, 24.

Tufton, Isabella (Blake-Delaval) (d. 1763), 173.

Turner, Sir John (1779), marriage, 216 ; William (i),
master of Pembroke college, Cambridge (1568),
193 ; William (2), of Highway, Wilts (1632),
marriage, 170; William (3), of Waterloo (1826),
resident in Blyih, 362.

Turpin, John (1431), 68 n ; Joseph, of Bedlington
(1745), marriage, 335.

Tweddle, Thomas, copyholder in Rarsdon (1649), 5.

Tyndall, William, of Brinkburn (1705), marriage, 21.

Tynemouth castle, 132, 355 ; military service due to,
5g, 323; Middleton's siege of, no, 142; Leslie's
siege of, 23.

Tynemouth parish, rights of parish church over
Earsdon chapel, xi, I, 14, 16-18, 21, 22 ; rectory,
158, 159, 282 ; tithes, 125 n ; Stephen, chaplain of,
76 n ; Osbert, vicar of, 278.

Tynemouth, priors of : Walter de Bolam (1233-1244),
32, 293 n ; Richard de Dunham (1252-1265), lease
granted by, 37 ; William de Horton (1265), 245 ;
Simon de Walden (1280-1311), lawsuits, 34 ; Adam
de Tewing (1295), 309 n ; Richard de Tewing
(1315-1340), extracts from register of, 33-38 notes,
187 n, 277 n, 311 n, 312 n ; John Langton (1470),
151 n.

Tynemouth priory, (A) grants to : Backworth, 32 ;
Bebside, 292 ; Benwell, 150 n ; Bolam church, 307 ;
Cowpen, 307 ; Delaval barony, tithes of, 136 ; Ears-
don, 2 ; Elswick, 307 ; Hartford, 285 ; Horton
chapel, 275-276 ; Seaton Delaval chapel, 186 ; Seg-
hlU (Graffard's lands), 54 ; (B) minor holdings, in
Hartley, 102 ; in Holywell, 82 ; (C) later acquisi-
tions of land, in Backworth, 32, 37-38 ; in Seghill,
62 ; (D) ecclesiastical rights, in Horton chapel, 275-
277 ; in Seaton Delaval chapel, 186-187 j coal
mines and salt pans, 65, 223-224, 227, 353 ; monastic
leases, 15, 224, 282, 286, 293 ; Lady chapel in, 38 ;
almoner of, 2S5.

Tynemouth township, properties in, 81, 297.

Tynemouthshire, customs of, 311, 322; see also Con-
veys, Hertness-pennies ; manors in, see Backworth,
Bebside ; surveys of, see Surveys ; court of, 35-37,
38 n, 56 n ; seneschals of, see Clyvedon, Dudden,
Vigerus ; office of seneschal, 55.

Tyrrell, Richard (1546), lessee of salt pans at Blyth,
225. 351-

Tyrringtoft, grant of land in, 249.
Tyzack, Joseph, of High Glass Houses (1689), mar-
riage, 20; Zechariah (1671), marriage, 20.

Ulcotes, Philip de (1215), sheriff of Northumberland,
140.

UUesby, Thomas de (1402), lands in Burradon, 50 and
note.

Umfraville, Gilbert de (1234), owns Mickley, 316 ;
Gilbert (d. 1750), customs collector at Blyth, 21 ;
Margaret (Greenwood) (d. 1825), 363, 364 ; Richard
de (1201), surety, 139; Robert de, earl of Angus
(1318), commissioner for truce, 59 n ; receives sur-
render of Mitford, 5o, 61 n ; Sir Robert de (1408),
144 ; Thomas de (1389), commissioner, 144.

Unthanke, John (1548), freeholder in Holywell, 84.

Urwyn, William (1681), leases coal mines in Cowpen,
230.

Val, de la, see Delaval.

\'alence, .•\ymar de, earl of Pembroke (1318), owner of
Mitford castle, 59, 60 n, to6 ; William de, earl of
Pembroke (1252), Horton granted to, 248, 252 ;
suit for services, 100.

Vanbrugh, Sir John (171S), architect of Seaton Dela-
val, 163, 179

Vaux, Agnes de (Viscount) (1270), 245, 248 ; Bartholo-
mew de (1332), freeholder in Cowpen, 312 n ;
Elizabeth de (Errington) (1362) heiress of Vaux
estates, 321 ; John de (1312), Cowpen subsidy roll,

320 ; John de, of Beaufront (1362), settlement upon
marriage, 320 n ; John de, of Choppington (1461),
86; Robert de (1297), Cowpen subsidy roll, 320

321 n; witness, 258 n, 279; William de {circa
1200), witness, 49 n.

Vavasour, Prances (Hammerton, Cramlington) (1698),
216.

Vesci, Eustace fitz John de (circa 1 150), lands in barony
of Ellingham, 97, 100; Eustace de (1213), joins
rebellion of barons, 139 ; Robert de (1311), holding
in Holywell, 8r ; Robert (1336), Holywell subsidy
roll, 78 n ; witness, 264 n, 286 n ; William de
(1157), lands in Ellingham barony confirmed to, 97,
98, 99 ; William (1312), Holywell subsidy roll, 78 ;
lands in Holywell, 145 ; William de (1391), sued
by John de Selby, 64 n.

\'igerus, Hugh (circa 1280), witness, 256 n ; Nicholas
(1298), seneschal of T5-nemouth, 309 n.

4o8

INDEX.

Viscount of Horton, pedigree of, 245 ; account of family,
244-249 ; Isabella (Castre, Ryhill, Charron) (1279),
marriage, 247, 249, 251, 259 n ; grants to, 244 n,
245, 254 n, 256 n ; John, of Embleton (1201), surety,
139 ; Richard (1259), lease uf Slickley, 248, 254 n ;
witness, 254 n ; Sir Walran (d. 1237), account of,
244-248 ; witness, 254 n.

Vivian, George, of Claverton, marriage, 42.

WakeHeld, Anne (iMiddleton) (circa 1500), 1 16; George
(1824), sells farm in Earsdon, 10; Robinson (1793),
buys Earsdon Grange farm, 10.

Walbottle tithes, 83.

Walcher, bishop, earl of Northumberland, 73 n.

Walden, Simon de. See Tynemouth, priors of.

Waldie-Griffith, Mona (Taylor) (1880), 9.

Waldo, Robert (1595), lessee of Cowpen coal mines,
225.

VValeman, John (thirteenth century), witness, 254 n.

Walker, of Whalton rectory, family of, 88 ; John, of
Newcastle (1826), resident in Blyth, 362 ; Richard
(1663), freeholder in Holywell, 94 ; Sarah (Hodg-
son) (d. 1898), 333.

Wall, John (1424), witness, 82 n.

Wallace, James, of Newbiggin (1826), resident in
Blyth, 362 ; John, of Waterloo (1826), resident in
Blyth, 362.

Waller, Selina (Bates) (iSoi), 89 ; Messrs. Gatty and,

234-

Wallis, Hugh (1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313; Ralph
(1596), freeholder in Cowpen, 323, 341 ; Thomas
(1546), tenant in Cowpen, 313.

Walton, Thomas (1574), tenant in Hartley, 124, 196.

Walwick grange, tithe suit, 279.

Wanley- Bowes of Cowpen, pedigree of, 330 ; descent of
Cowpen property, 329; Elizabeth (Croft) (1793),
bequest, 278.

Ward of Bebside, pedigree of, 297-298 ; Deborah (Fen-
wick) {circa 1730), 12 ; Isabella (Watts) (1873), 345 ;
Thomas (1732), marriage, 296; William (1323),
tenant in Cowpen, 311 ; William, of Bedlington
(1498), grant of tenement in Cowpen, 341.

Wardenry, courts of, 67, 152.

Wardhaugh, George (circa 1570), tenant in Seghill, 69 ;
Richard (1574), tenant in Hartley, 124 ; Thomas
(1574), tenant in Hartley, 124; William (circa
1570), tenant in Seghill, 6g.

Wards and Liveries, proceedings in court of, 91-92.

Wark castle, besieged by the Scots, 1 10.

Warkman, Henry (1811), curate of Earsdon, 15 ;
William (1768), curate of Earsdon, 15.

W'arkworth, John fitz Robert, lord of (1212), joins
rising of the barons, 140 ; Robert fitz Roger, lord
of (1205), grant of Whalton barony to, 44 n, 244 ;
guardian of Walran de Horton, 244, 246.

Watch and ward, regulations as to, 84, 123, 200, 305 n.

Waterford, marchioness of. See Carpenter.

Waterloo, suburb of Blyth, 303, 331, 62.

Waterson, John (1336), Hartley subsidy roll, 113.

Watson of Cowpen, pedigree, 335 ; Cuthbert (1591),
buys land in Cowpen, 332 ; action against, 226 ;
Cuthbert (2) (1619), party to enclosure of Cowpen,
325-327, 337 ; Cuthbert (3) (d. 1731), buys farm
in Cowpen, 334 ; Cuthbert (4) (d. 1791), marriage,
88 ; Dorothy (Purvis) (d. 1855), 7 ; coheir of
Cowpen property, 334 ; Margaret (Errington)
(d. 1853), coheir of Cowpen property, 334; Mark
(1791), shipbuilder, 360; Richard (1569), buys
farm in Cowpen, 324, 332.

Watson (unclassified), Anne (Hodgson) (d. 1822),
333; Cecilia (Delaval) (d. 1775), 173 ; Diana
(Watson) (d. 1822), 335 ; Dorothy (Ogle) (lbl8),
294; Edward, of Waterloo (1826), resident in
Blyth, 362 ; Elizabeth (Cramlington) (d. 1804),
216 ; George (i6or), tenant in Horton, 272 ; John,
of Bedlington (circa 1600), 15 ; Ralph (1620),
curate of Earsdon, 15, 23, 92 ; Richard (1536),
curate of Earsdon, 15 ; Stephen, of North Seaton
(1708), marriage, 67 ; Stephen (2) (1756), marriage,
281 ; William, of Bedlington (circa 1640), marriage,
87 ; William, of Newcastle (1743), marriage, 88.

Watton, Thomas de (1389), commissioner, 144.

Watts of Blyth, pedigree of, 344; Edmund (d. 1825),
362 ; marriage, 333 ; Edmund Hannay (d. 1868),
coal royalty, 239 ; Edmund Hannay (d. 1902), sells
Malvin's close, 345 ; Edward (1717), tenant in
Newsham, 220; Edward (d. 1800), shipbuilder,
360; John (d. 1789), 332.
Wayke, John (1551), bequest to, 217.

Wealans, Eleanor (Hodgson) (d. 1858), 333.
Weddall, Edward (1463), 209 n; William (1472), wit-
ness, 150 n.
Weetslade, South, Vaux lands in, 320 n.

Weetslade, Geoffrey de (1268), witness, 49 n, 24S n,
252 n, 254 n ; John de (1217), pardon, 140 n ;
witness, 254 n ; Richard de (thirteenth century),
witness, 372 ; Roger de (thirteenth century), witness,
254 n, 372 ; William de (1268), witness, 49 n.
Weir, Helen (Southcote, Sidne)-) (d. 1859), 340.

INDEX.

409

Weldon, Francis (1717), tenant in Nevvshani, 220 and
n ; Simon de (thirteenth century), witness, 204 n ;
Simon de (1 321), witness, 38 n, 62 n.

Wepinman, Henry, bond of Earsdon (1295), 3.

Wesley, John (1743), visit to Plessey, 365.

Wessing-ton, Isabella de (Basset) (1262), 319 ; Robert
de (thirteenth century), witness, 2540 ; Sir William
de (1262), grant to Basset, 318.

Westgate, St. Mary's hospital. Set: St. Mary's.

Westwater, James (1891), minister in Blyth, 365.

Whalton, barony, 43, 244, 284 ; descent of barony,
44 n ; Walter fitz William, lord of (I166), 43-44,
285 ; manor granted to Geoffrey Scrope, 79 ;
grant of lands in, 52 ; lease of rectory, 86 ; rectors
of, see Aukland, Merske, Bates, Elliot.

Whalton, William de (circa 1350), marriage, 319.

Wharrier, .\nne (Cramlington) (1717), 216, xii.

Wharton, Richard, of Hartford (1761), marriage, 88 ;
William (1727), marriage, 280.

Whethamstede, William (1390), cellarer of Tynemouth
priory, 64 and n.

Whetley, John de (1363), vicar of Tynemoutli, 14 n.

Whinl^eld, Elizabeth (Bates, Lloyd) (1703), 87.

Whitby, William de (1352), chaplain of Seaton
Delaval, 188.

Whitchester, of Seaton Delaval, account of family,
144-147, xii ; pedigree, 145, xii ; evidences, 145-
146.

Whitchester, Elizabeth, see Burcester ; John, of Benvvell
(1388), marriage, 168; William (d. 1408), 64;
marriage, 261, 264 ; agreement as to services from
Holywell, 81 ; grant of salt pan in Hartley, 117;
endowment of Seaton Delaval chantry, 188.

White, Geoffrey (1294), Earsdon tallage and subsidy
rolls, 3 n, 4 ; Jane (iMills, Cramlington) (1670),
216, 291 ; Jane (Taylor) (1878), 9; John (1602),
partner in Cowpen coal mines, 228 ; Matthew, of
Newcastle (d. 1750), marriage, 296 ; purchases
Plessey and Newsham, 220 ; owner of Bebside
colliery, 233 ; Sir Matthew (1755), 221 ; Roger
(1294), Earsdon tallage and subsidy rolls, 3 n, 4.

Whitehead, .Man, chaplain (1 371), grant of lands in
Seghill, 68 n ; (1391) sued by John de Selby, 64 n ;
Nicholas, of Seghill (1336), Horton subsidy roll,
263 n ; lessee of Stickley, 264 n.

Whitfield, .^nne (Bates) (1689), 87 ; Dorothy (Ogle,
Delaval) (d. 1633), 171, 229, 294, 295.

Whitlawe, Trewick lands in, 102 n ; dower of .Matilda
de Gaugy, 102-103 ; Stikelawe lands in, 255 ; minor
properties, 264 n.

Vol. IX.

Whitlawe, John de (1377). 64 n ; lands in West Han-
ford, 286 ; William de. of Cramlington (1334),
leases lands in West Hartford, 286.

Whitley, part of Graffard's land, granted to Tynemouth
priory, 54 ; boundary of, 96.

Whitley, Gilbert de (1318), penance at Rome for rebel-
lion, 59 n ; John de (circa 1300), witness, 26 n,
50 n ; Thomas de (1 391), sued by John de Selby,
64 n.

Whitmore, George (161 1), grantee of crown lands,
123 n.

Whitridge moor, 92, 134-135, 193, lyS, 202.

Whitridge, Roger de (1312), Seaton Delaval subsidy
roll, 191 ; Walter de (13 1 2), Seaton Delaval subsidy
roll, 190, 191.

Whittingham, Elizabeth (Mitford) (1612), marriage, 66.

Widdrington, chapelry in parish of W'oodhorn, 222 ;
manor, early grant of, 44 ; Osbert, ' clerk ' of (circa
1200) witness, 49 n ; William, presbyter of (circa
1200) witness, 49 n.

Widdrington of Cheeseburn grange, Lewis (1619),
freeholder in Cowpen, 323, 341 ; party to enclosure
of Cowpen, 325-327 ; xMary (Ramsay, Delaval), of
Black Heddon (1670), 172 ; Thomas, of Ashington
(1590), settlement of Cowpen farm, 341 ; SirThomas
(1665), sale of Cowpen farm, 341.

Widdrington of Hauxley, Gerard (1553), coheir of
Kenton, 337 ; John (sixteenth century), marriage,
337 ; Samuel, of Seghill (1662), 23 ; family of, 20 ;
William, of Barnhill (d. 1664), owner of farm in
Cowpen, 337.

Widdrington of Plessey, John (1628), marriage, 170 ;
Cowpen farm mortgaged to, 337 ; Robert (l)
(d. 1598), Cowpen and Plessey settled on, 336,
323 ; Robert (2) (d. 1641), 336 ; party to enclosure
of Cowpen, 325-327, 353.

Widdrington of Widdrington, Bertram (1 162), grant of
Burradon to, 44, 48 ; Christiana (Monboucher)
(1358), 261, 264; Geoffrey (circa 1204), grant of
Burradon, 49 ; witness, 44 n ; Gerard (thirteenth
century), witness, 253 n ; Sir Gerard (2) (1362),
bond, 264 ; witness, 320 n ; Sir John (l) (thirteenth
century), witness, 49 n, 249 n ; Sir John (2) (1310),
witness, 256 n, 260 n ; Sir John (3) (d. 1434).
coheir of Vaux estates, 321 ; Sir John (4) (1471),
sheriff, xii, 1 5 1 n ; grant of Newsham to, 209 ;
Margaret (Delaval) (i434). 68 n, 168 ; Margery
(Mitford) (circa 1 530), 65 ; Ralph, brother of
Geoffrey (circa 1200), witness, 49 n ; Robert, of
Swinburne (I492), 121 n ; exchanges Newsham for

4IO

INDEX.

Dukesfield, 210, 211 ; Roger, brother, of Geoffrey
{circa 1200), witness. 49 n ; Roger (2) (1362), bond,
264 n ; entail of estates, 261 ; heir to Vaux estates,
320 n ; Roger (3) (d. I451), marriage, 145; par-
tition of Vaux estates, 321 n, 336; Roger (4), of
Cartington (i6ig), 326 ; Thomas {circa 1590),
murder of, 155 ; William {circa 1470), under-sheriff,
151 n; William, fourth lord Widdrington (1713),
owner of Plessey colliery, 232.

Wideslade. See Weetslade.

"Wigham, Edward (1629'), master of St. Mary's hospital,
253 n; John (1538), tenant in Holywell, 82, 85 ;
John (1629), tenant in Horton, 253 n ; Matthew
(1715), of Earsdon jiarish, 24; Thomas (1577"),
lease of Hartley fishing to, 118 n.

Wilkes, Sir Thomas (si.\teenth. century), salt monopoly,

352-

Wilkie, James, of Blyth (1S26), 362 ; William, of New-
biggin (1826), resident in Blyth, 362.

Wilkinson, James (1785), curate of Horton, 280;
Margaret (Bates) (1676), 90, 373.

'Willesthrop,SirOswald (1537), leases Blyth salt pans, 351.

Williams, Alfred Theodore (i856), chaplain of Blyth,
363 ; James, of Bryn Glas (1892), marriage, 345.

Willis, Joseph ( I S23), leases colliery at High Cowpen, 238.

AVilloughby, Isabella (Monboucher, de la Peche) (1350),
261 ; Sir Henry, of WoUaton (1516), guardian of
George Harbottle, 269; Joan (Harbottle) (1501),
266 ; Sir Percival {circa 1615), lessee of Bedlington
coal mines, 229 n ; Sir Richard, of Wollaton (1342),
marriage, 251, 261 ; leases, 264 n, 286 n.

Wills and inventories : George Allgood (1727), 70-71 ;
George Cramlington (1551), 217 ; Sir Ralph
Delaval (1624), 176-177 ; John Ogle of Bebside
(1586), 212-213 ; John Pigg (1688), II.

Wilson Anne (Bates) (d. 1855), 89; Camilla (Taylor)
(d. 1904), marriage, 9 ; George {circa 1850), mar-
riage, 7 ; Henry, of Newbottle (1754), marriage,
88; Mary (Watts) (1732), 344; Mary (Sidney)
(d. 1863), 340; Matthew, of Blyth (1826), 362;
William (1782), marriage, 347.

Wincester. Robert de (1140), grant of salt pans to
Newminster monastery, 350 ; lands in Cowpen, 317.

Winlaton colliery, 232.

Winship of Backworth, family of, 43 n ; Martha
(Surtees) (1728), bequest to, 71 ; Sarah (Fenwick)
(d. 1732), xi, 12, 43, 94 ; Taylor (1811), partner in
(Towpen colliery, 236-237 ; Thomas (1663), copy-
holder in Backworth, 23, 40, 43 n.

Winterson, .A. H., of Clifton, marriage (1900), 90.

Wishart, Sir William, of Prenderleith (1332), 63.

Wolfall, John (1669), marriage, 280.

Wood, Joseph (1751), chaplain of Blyth, 363 ; William
(1657), marriage, 2 1 6.

Woodburn, John de (1402), witness, 321 n.

Wooden, Harbottle lands in, 264, 268, 270.

Woodhorn, parish, I, 222 ; court of Eustace Baliol at,
73 ; rights of, over Horton chapel, 276-278, 281 ;
grant of tithes, 283 ; John, vicar of (1286), 281 n ;
John, vicar of (1339), 277 n ; Richard, clerk of
{circa 1200), witness, 49 n.

Woodman, John {circa 1 390), of Hexham, ancestor of
second house of Delaval, 148 and n ; John, junior,
see Horsley ; Patom {circa 1402), grant of property
in Hexham, 148 n.

Woodward, Harriet (Fenwick) (d. 1845), marriage, 13.

WooUett, John (nineteenth century), marriage, 340.

Woolley, Middleton's lands in, 104.

Woolsington tithes, 83.

Wotton, Joan de {nee Trewick) (1399), 102.

Wrey, Sir William (1622), marriage, 176; William
(1722), schoolmaster at Seaton Sluice, l8g.

Wright, lames, of Blyth (nineteenth century), mar-
riage, 344 ; Robert, of Sedgefield (l68g), owner of
West Hartford colliery, 220 n, 232.

Wycliffe, .Alice (.Middleton) {circa 1500), 116.

Wylam, colliery railway at, 299.

Wyersdale, Nathaniel (1695), part purchaser of News-
ham and Plessey, 219, 231.

Wyot, Walter (1296), Hartley subsidy roll, 105.

Wyscop, Robert (1294), Cowpen tallage roll, 309, 310.

Wyse, Robert (1402), grant of lands to, 148 n.

Wythelard, John (thirteenth century), owner of land in
Newcastle, 50 n.

Yarmouth, salt trade, 224, 351, 354.

Yole, Adam (1323), tenant in Cowpen, 310.

Yolstones, John (1389), marriage, 168.

York(Ebor), John de(i362), vicar of Chollerton, 320n ;
William de (1224), itinerant justice, 317 n.

Yorkshire, rebeUion in (131?), l"-

Young, -Alice (Hodgson) (d. 1821), 333.

Younger, .Anthony (1664), tenant in Backworth, 40;
Edward (1596), 124 n ; Robert, of Newcastle (nine-
teenth century), marriage, 333.

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